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CONTENTS.

Notes on Some Embryos of Chlamydoselachus anguineus Garm.

With Plate IV. : T. Nishikawa... 59

On Vermiculus limosus, a New Species of Aquatic Oligochæta. Subdlatc =. en 103

Insects collected on Mt. (Fuji... eee M. Mosumura........ 118

On the Variations of the Proportional Lengths of the Head, ete. as to

the Total Length in Our Ommon Hel =... C. Ishikawa. 125

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ANNOTATIONES

ZOOLOGICH JAPONENSES

SOCIETATIS ZOOLOGICÆ TOKYONENSIS

SE RELATIVE EDIT Az.

Volumen III.

cum V tabulis et XX figuris in texto.

TOKYO:

1899-1901.

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JUN 3 1901

CON PEN ES.

PARS. I.

Published May 31, 1899.

On Two New Species of Phleethrips,“Lab. I. M. Marsumura

beg ]

On Limnodrilus Gotoi, n. sp.“Tab. ETE On EDA TA er cuca aaa tent ee 5

New or Imperfeetly Known Species of Earthworms, No. 2. S. Goto

PCTS) OTE, AGIOS RI A SIERO ISEE IRVONE 13

On the Parasitic Fly on the Silkworms in China, C. Sasaki......... 25

Alıscellaneous Notes... ni: N EEE AT nl be rod 29

Swallows in Mid-winter, by Alan Owston.—ZooLOGICAL SOCIETY

eg EA ee ee TE TM ee FERNER

PARTES II. et III.

Published April 3, 1901.

A Preliminary Check List of the Fishes of Japan, DAVID Starr

LORO NO FSNYDBERI oo 31.

PARS IV.

Published April 30, 1901,

Notes on Two Species of Fishes from the Lake Biwa Tab. III

(CRI RARO. ne 161

On the Japanese Species Allied to the San José Scale in America,

DEV OH RA RAR. CAR e nonna 166

On an Apparently New Species of Argonauta from the Tertiary of

TENOR ALONG SA us 174

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ANNOTATIONES

ZOOTOGH 2? JAPONENSES

AUSPICIIS

SOCIETATIS ZOOLOGIC4 TOKYONENSIS

SERIATIM EDITA,

Volumen III Pars I.

TOO.

PuBLisHED MAY 31, 1899. .

On est instumment prié d'adresser tous les enrois el toutes les cor-

Be respondances destinées aux “ Annotations” d DR Serraro Goro, Ri “Rf

DACTEUR, PREMIERE ECOLE SUPÉRIEURE. Toxo.

NOTICE,

The “ Annotationes Zoolagicæ Japonenses” are published quarterly, in

March, June, September, and December.

Terms of subscription—$2°°=8s=F10=M8 per annum; single parts 50e

=2s=F2.50=M2 each. Postage included in all cases.

Remittances from foreign countries are to be made by postal money orders,

payable in Tokyo to M. Namiye, Zoological Institute, Science College, Tokyo.

TO CONTRIBUTORS.

Articles may be written in English, German, French, or Italian.

Each contributor receives 50 copies of the reprints of his article gratis. Any

number of extra copies will be furnished at cost.

Contributors are particularly requested to specify the number of reprints

they want at the end of the manuscript. If not specified 50 copies will be

delivered.

Articles may be accompanied by simple illustrations, as far as possible in

lines and dots.

Communications are to be addressed to Seitaro Goto, Editor, First High

School, Tokyo.

SPECIAL NOTICE.

Volume I and us parts are no longer sold a' the original price, but will be

charged for at the same rate as the succeeding volumes and parts (vide supra).

ON TWO NEW SPECIES OF PHLEITHRIPS.

By M. MATSUMURA.

Assistant Professor of Entomology, Sapporo Agricultural College.

During the month of July and August, 1898, the rice-farmers of Japan received

great damage from a very tiny insect. The damage was especially severe in the

north-eastern part of the Main Island. On close examination I found two species of

this insect ; one was sent me by-Mr. Kuwagorö Haga of Yamagata, with the informa-

tion that great numbers of it were infesting the young ears of the rice plants, causing

them to become fruitless ; the other was brought me from Fukushima by Mr, Tetsuz5

Gots, one of our college students with the same information as that given by Mr. K.

Haga. More recently Mr. Toraji Tanaka has briefly written about the latter insect

in the Report of the Agricultural Society of Tokyo, No. 204. According to his de-

scription, the injuries are entirely restricted to a high-land rice field in the Prefecture

of Niigata, and its damages somewhat resemble those the Cicadulid insects are yearly

doing to the rice plants. Both species belong to the genus Phleothrips and seem to

be new to science. I named the former species P. oryze., and the latter P. japonica.

Phleothrips oryze, sp. nov.

Length, 0,9—1,2 mm. Type, P. acullata of Fabricius. Body smooth, glittering

black ; the two apical joints more or less distinctly reddish brown. Head somewhat

quadrate, a little narrower toward the front; disk with many transverse wrinkles.

Eyes dark brown, ovate, strongly facetted, remote from the base. Ocelli brownish.

Antenne dark yellow, with the two basal and two apical joints fuscous; the 4rth

largest, the 8rd inverted conical, the 8th small and somewhat pointed. Abdominal

segments gradually increase their width towards the apex, attainning maximum size

at the 6th; but on a profile view the segments 1 and 2 largest, the rest gradually con-

verge towards the tip. Pygidium a little longer than the penultimate joint. Head and

thorax scarcely haired, with 3 or 4 long hairs on the pronotum. Some short and

stiff hairs may be observed at the lateral margin of the abdominal segments, especially

from segments 5—9, in a slanting direction towards the tip. A number of long

2 M. MATSUMURA.

bristles also along the posterior margin of the 10th. Anterior femur much more

thickened than that of the rest and without teeth. Median femur a little thicker than

the posterior. Wings linear, transparent, yellowish brown at the base; strongly

fringed with long fuscous hairs. The number of the fringes in the primaries 91;

nearly without vein. The antecostal area broad ; the rudiment of the radial vein nar-

row, long and a little waved ; median vein can be scarcely traced. Two long bristles

and a number of hair holes present below the radial vein near its ending. Five

or more short bristles can also be seen around the large bristles. Basal appendix

nearly conical, with one long bristle at the apex. The tip of the primaries of the

female reaches to the 8th segment, while that of the male to the 10th.

Secondaries traversed by a longitudinal broad vein ending about the middle, The

number of fringes 88,

Habitat— Yamagata.

I have not yet received this species from any other place except Yamagata, and

it seems to be quite local to that region.

Entomologically it belongs to the Order Thysanoptera, Family Thripidæ, Group

Tuberifera. The tubular ovipositor of the female is very clearly seen under a

microscope, when the specimens are embedded in Canada balsam, after having been in

turpentine. It just begins near the apex of the 9th segment. Abdomen is very flat,

but the lateral margin being upturned and incurved so as to form a semitube, it seems

to be cylindrical when seen in profile. It is really 10 segmented, but at first sight

appears to be only 9 segmented, this being so because segments 1 and 2 are as if soldered

together, when seen in vertical view. Prothorax has the form of a trapezium, mesotho-

rax is very short and fused together with metathorax. Scutellum is in the form of

a high equilateral triangle. Two ocelli can be distinctly seen between the eyes, but

the other one being on the apex of the head between the antennæ can not be well

seen. It has a large conical unjointed beak reaching to the anterior coxæ. Maxillary

palpi is two jointed, the first being very small. Labium is small and on its end has a

two jointed labial palpi of a comparatively large size. Antenne is eight jointed,

each joint has many sensory hairs and pits. Anterior tarsus is two jointed, the first

joint (which is not haired) has a conical projection in an oblique direction toward

the tip. The second joint (one or two haired) is smaller and very much constricted

at the juncture. The median and posterior tarsi are tri-jointed.

Hitherto the tarsi of all thripid insects were known to be two-jointed, but accord-

ing to my observation this is obviously tri-jointed. The juncture between the first

ON TWO NEW SPECIES OF PHLŒOTHRIPA. 3

and second joints is in an oblique direction, along which a row of short spines can be

distinctly seen. The second juncture is not so much in an oblique direction as the

first, but along it also a row of short spines can be traced ; so that the first segment is

in the form of a triangle, the second trapezium, and the third subquadrate.

Phleothrips japonica, sp. nov.

Very closely resembles the former species, but differs from it in the following

peculiarities :—

1. Length, 1.4—1.8 mm.

2. Head not narrower tcwards the front.

3. The 2nd joint of antennæ inverted conical, the 3rd long ovate, the 4rth

broad ovate, the apical joint bluntly ends with many hairs, the 6th, 7th

and 8th much darker.

The two apical joints of the body not reddish brown.

Tip of the primaries of the male does not reach the 10th segment.

6. The form and the rudimentary veins of the primaries differ.—The antecostal

area being much narrower than that of oryza ; the radical vein broader,

shorter, and straight ; the median vein distinct, much longer than the

ot

costal vein ; only one or two hairs may be seen at the base; the basal ap-

pendix broader and a little shorter than that of oryza, with one small

bristle at the apex. The form of the basal junction part is not excavated

so much as that of oryze. Fringes 100.

7. Mouth not conical, a little narrowed at the middle.

8. The tubular sheath of the pygidium originates just from the base of the 10th

segment.

9 Bristles of the lateral abdomen erect and a little shorter, while that of

the ventral side can scarcely be seen.

Habitat—Niigata, Fukushima, Iwate, Tokyo and many other places.

This species may possibly be identitcal with the European species P. frumenta-

ria, Bel. which is known to attack wheat and rye, but owing to lack of good de-

scription it can not be well determined.

The life history of these insects is not wellknown, but according to some de-

scription it seems that they are two brooded in a year; the first brood appears in the

latter part of June, attacking the young leaves of the rice-plants, just before being

planted out, they roll the leaves longitudinally, and greedily suck the juice. A great

4 M. MATSUMURA.

many of them are found in one rolled leaf, at first producing many yellowish spots,

but soon all parts turn yellow and consequently they die off. The second brood comes

in August, just when the young ears of rice are coming out of the sheath. They

_are deeply seated within the earlets, sucking the juice of the flowers and consequently

that of the ovules. Sometimes several hundreds of them are found in one ear, sudden

jarring only bringing a few of them to the ground. It is very brisk in its movements,

both in walking and flying, but cannot leap like other thripid insects. The larvæ are

reddish in color, as those of other phlæothripids are.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE I.

Phleothrips oryzæ, n. sp. (1—11).

1. 2 imago, magnified 60.

2. 5 5 56,

8. Head and its conical beak, magnified 63.

1 Mouth beak, 2 Maxillary palpi, 3 Labial palpi.

4. Tip of abdomen showing tubular sheath (c’), magnified 63.

5. Antenna, magnified 266.

6. Basal part of anterior wing, magnified 532,

1 Radial vein, 2 Basal appendix, 3 Bristles, 4 Junction part, 5 Ante-costal area.

7. Posterior wing. magnified (0.

8. Anterior ,, ” »

9. Apical part of anterior wing, magnified 532

7 fringes in two rows.

10. Posterior Jeg, magnified 266.

1, 2, 3.........13t, 2nd and 3rd tarsi respectively.

11. Anterior leg, magnified 266.

Th ecocceces Ist and 2nd tarsi respectively,

Phleeothrips japonica, n, sp. (12—18).

12. imago, magnified 45 (0) ocelli.

13. Head and its beak, magnified 48.

1 Mouth beak, 2 Maxillary palpi, 3 Labial palpi.

14. Tip of abdomen showing tubular sheath (c’), magnified 48.

15. Antenna, magnified 266.

16. Basal part of anterior wing, magnified 532,

1 Radial vein, 2 Basal appendix, 3 Bristles, 4 Junction part, 5 Ante costal area.

17. Posterior wing, magnified 45.

18. Anterior „ à 3;

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ON LIMNODRILUS GOTO), n. sp.

3Y S. HATAI.

Assistant in the First High School, Tokyo.

I take great pleasure in naming the present species after my respected professor

Dr. Seitaro Goto, and I wish to offer him my hearty thanks for his supervision of my

work.

This new species occurs abundantly in ditches and gutters of this city throughout

the year, but more particularly during the summer months, when they are so nume-

rous as to impart a uniform reddish color by their luxuriance. Its breeding season

extends from April to November. Like most other Limicolæ, it assembles in clusters

and forms large red masses. It usually buries deeply the anterior portion of its body

and only protrudes the posterior portion, which constantly executes a wavy oscillatory

motion. It sometimes secretes a tenacious substance, by means of which it forms a

tube around its body but this is not common.

The length of the body differs much according to individuals, a large one mea-

suring about 70 mm. by 2 mm., the measurement being made on specimens killed

after narcotising with alcohol. The number of segments corresponds to the body

length, ranging from 100 to 150 in commonly occurring specimens. The length of

one segment is about 1 mm. at the anterior part, but only 0.1 mm. at the posterior

end. The body is cylindrical, and the width gradually diminishes posteriorly. The

prostomium presents a somewhat conical form. ‘The first ten segments always pre-

sent secondary annulations.

The color is blood red in the anterior part, except the clitellum which is milky

white ; the posterior portion is slightly tinged with yellow and the intersegmental

lines are yellowish. When the sperm-saes are filled with spermatozoa, that portion of

the body appears white and the vascular system is clearly visible through the delicate

body wall.

The clitellum is slightly swollen and is complete. It is usually confined to seg-

ment XI, but in a few of the specimens examined by me it extended from the posterior

half of segment X to the anterior half of segment XII. In a surface view a reticulat-

ed sculpture may be observed with a low magnification.

6 8, HATAI.

The setæ are simply sigmoid and furcate at the end, and are arranged in bundles

in longitudinal lines corresponding to the four corners of a squarish cross-section of the

body. They are present from the second segment and their position in each segment

is rather posterior than middle. Each bundle consists of 6 setae in the anterior seg-

ments and two in the posterior, while there are 2—5 in the middle portion. Besides

these setæ, the setigerous sac contains one or two young setæ.

Body wall.—The body wall consists of five layers, as in other Limicolae and pre-

sents nothing peculiar. The cuticle is very thin and covers the whole body; im-

mediately under it lies the hypodermis of columnar cells. These are larger near the

two ends of the body than in the middle, and there are some glandular cells. The

nuclei lie near the middle of the cells. In the clitellum the hypodermis is also one

layer thick, as is the case in all Limicolæ. The cells are larger and taller than in the

other parts and very glandular. The nuclei lying near the base of the cells are com-

paratively small and are oval in shape, The clitellum develops only during the

breeding season, and no trace of it can be detected at other times. The younger

specimens are entirely destitute of it. The circular muscle layer lies under the

hypodermis, and is unequally developed in different parts, being thickest in the anterior

portion and especially in the prostomium, and thence gradually becoming thinner

posteriorly. The longitudinal muscle layer is very well developed and stands in close

relation to the circular muscle layer, and in some organs such as the penis, the setige-

rous sacs, and the septa, the layers mingle with each other, so that it is impossible to

distinguish them. It is generally most developed in the region of the genital or-

gans, and is thinner in the posterior than in the anterior portion. The longitudinal

muscle layer is divided by lateral lines into two bundles, the dorsal and the ventral.

At the two ends of the body, however, they fuse with each other. The innermost

layer of the body wall is the ccelomic epithelium, the cells of which are large and

botryoidal in shape. The nuclei are large and the cells are glandular, like hepatic

cells. In most Limicolæ this layer is luxuriantly developed and fills a considerable

portion of the body cavity ; but in the new species it is less developed, except at the

anterior portion. Two pairs of septal glands, perhaps continuations of the ccelomic

epithelium, are attached to the posterior faces of septa VII/VIII and VIII/IX, on

either side of the median line. The form and size of their cells are closely similar to

those of the peritoneal cells. These cells are aggregated around one axis. The axis

is a continuation of the peritoneum and originates a little in front of the ventral setæ

and is in the same longitudinal line with the latter. There are no external openings

ON LIMNODRILUS GOTOI, N. SP, 7

to these glands, and therefore it seems that they simply discharge their contents into

the perivisceral cavity. ,

Nervous syslem.

The brain lies on the dorsal side of the mouth, in the first segment. As seen

from the dorsal side it is almost square, w:th two protrusions at the posterior corners,

corresponding to the exit of the pericesophageal commissures (fig. 7.) As shown in

the figure, two nerves are given off from its anterior corners and a third oue in the

median line between the two lateral. These three nerves ramify greatly in the

prostomium. ‘The pericesophageal commissures are given off at the posterior pro-

trusions, and they unite on the ventral median line directly under the cesophagus.

The ventral ganglia lie one in each segment, except the anal, and are situated always

close to the posterior end of the segments.

Alimentary system.

The alimentary system is very simple as in other tubificid Limicolæ, and presents

no peculiarity. The mouth lies on the ventral side of segment I; the pharynx in

segments II and III ; its inner cavity is very capacious and concave ventrally. The

esophagus is a narrow tube and occupies segment IV only. After this the canal is

swollen slightly, due to the presence of chloragogen cells, and forms the intestine,

which runs through the remainder of the body. The inner wall of the intestine con-

sists of ciliated columnar cells, but in the pharynx the cells are longer and stouter.

The nuclei are oval in all parts and oceupy a basal position. The cilia near the anus

are very long and execute rapid vibrations. The chloragogen cells are pear-shaped

and ave much more numerous in the anterior than in the posterior portion, in which

they are also more elongated in shape. The internal epithelium is followed by the

circular and longitudinal muscle layers, which are trayersed by connective tissue

strands.

Nephridia.

The nephridia are present in segments VII—IX and XII to the last but one.

The funnel is attached to the anterior face of the septum, and the external orifice lies

just in front of the ventral seta-bundle. The mouth of the funnel is obliquely turned

towards the median line and its margin is thickly covered with long cilia, which

vibrate regularly in turn so as to make a wave pass from one end to the other. The

cilia growing in the lumen of the canal are short and their motion is very rapid. The

funnel is continued to a long narrow canal, which after undergoing manifold convolu-

8 8, HATAT,

tions, enters the main mass of the nephridium. This mass is very large, filling up

the greater part of the coelomic cavity,’and its cells contain numerous granules, pro-

bably products of secretion. The canal entiring the mass at the anterior end runs

backwards and reaching the posterior end, turns forwards and emerges out of the

main mass at the anterior end clos> to where it entered. It then follows its former

course closely and again enters the main mass, and reaching its posterior end again

turns forwards and then turning backwards at the anterior end of the mass finally

opens to the exterior. The loop formed by the Jatter portion of the canal at the

posterior end of the mass presents a large ampulla destitute of cilia. The canal is of

the same calibre in all its parts except near the nephridiopore, where it slightly en-

larges and sends out many diverticula, which are, however, never forked at

the extremity. ‘The cilia are present only at definite points, and their amazingly

rapid vibration causes a swift current, but the ciliated portions are not enlarged, as in

Vermiculus limosus Hatai. The cilia can only with dificulty be observed in the

living state, owing to the great contractility of the nephridium. The convoluted

portion of the nephridial canal lying outside the main mass is provided with numerous

muscular bundles from the body wall, which move it backwards and forwards.

Genilal system.

The male genital organs are the testes, sperm-sacs and sperm-ducts, and the

female organs are the ovaries, oviducts, spermathecze and receptacula ovorum. The

main organs always lie in segments X and XI, agreeably to the gencric character.

Tesles.—One pair of testes on the posterior face of septum IX/X, close to the

ventral cord. Each consists of loosely agregated globular cells, which are easily

separable from each other. The nuclei of the cells are very conspicuous towards the

free end. It is pear-shaped when young but palmate when fully ripe.

Male-duct.—One pair of male-ducts lie in segment XI. It is very n rrow but

long, and undergoes several windings, the degree of the convolution varying, however,

according to development. The funnel is very wide and presents a somewhat ur-

ceolate form. It is attached to the anterior face of septum X/XI, and is slightly

turned towards the median line. The ciliated columnar cells of the funnel are ar-

ranged regularly in one layer. The funnel is continued to the long narrow vas

deferens, which, after running backward till about the middle portion of segment

XII, turns forward and opens to a wide atrium. The atrium is the enlarged portion

of the sperm-duct and is spindle shaped, its widest portion being more than three times

RS ee

TT a TTT —— tis.

ON LIMNODRILUS GOTOI, N, SP. 9

the diameter of the sperm-duct. The wall of the duct as well as of the atrium consists

of three layers as in most other Timicol®, the outermost layer consisting merely of

a thin membrane. The internal layer of the duct as far backward as the atrium is

compactly built and consists of regularly arranged, glandular ciliated polygonal cells

with large oval nuclei.

The epithelium of the atrium is one-layered, but the cell-boundaries can not be

detected, and the cilia are entirely absent. The atrium gradually diminishes in

calibre and finally becomes the penis, the distal end of which lies in the sperm-duct

‘cavity, formed by the direct invagination of the body wall.

The penis, so called, is the terminal part of the sperm-duct surrounded by a

chitinous sheath and projecting into the sperm-duct cavity. This portion is provided

with a double-layered wall formed by the folding on itself of the direct continuation of

the inner layer of the sperm-duct on the one hand, and of the wall of the sperm-duct

cavity on the other (fig. 5). The distal end of the penis enlarges slightly and

presents the form of a cone with the base turned distally.

The wall cf the sperm-duct cavity is directly continuous with the outer wall of

the penis, and the chitinous sheath lies between the two. ‘The cells of the wall of the

penis are small, the protoplasm and nuclei are very compact, and the latter stain very

deeply. The sheath is a particularly secreted material and has no direct relation to

the cuticle. I thought at first that it was a transformed cuticle, but found subse-

quently that it was not so, since the cuticle was also present on the walls surrounding

the sheath. The penis is thickly surrounded by a layer of spirally arranged muscle

fibres which are the direct continuation of the muscle layers of the body wall. It can

be easily seen that the penis is protrusible by means of the muscle.

The spermiducal gland opens into the widest part of the atrium and is spindle

shaped. This organ is an aggregation of gland cells, the basal prolongations of which

open independently into the atrium. Its outer surface is covered with the peritoneal

membrane.

Sperm-sac.—There are two sperm-sacs lying on the dorsal side of the alimentary

canal. ‘They are very large and richly supplied with blood-capillaries. The anterior

sac lies in segment IX, and the posterior in segments XII—XV. The anterior sac is

formed by the anteriorly directed evagination of septum IX/X, while the posterior is

formed by the posteriorly directed evagination of septum XII/XIII, and extends

backwards to segment XV. During the breeding season the sacs enlarge and press

upon the neighboring organs.

10 S. HATAI.

Spermatheca.—One pair of spermathecæ in segment X, opening anteriorly to the

ventral seta-bundles. The saccular*portion is separated from the duct by a deep con-

striction. As a whole, it is somewhat club-shaped and sigmoid (fig. 9). Its wall

consists of three layers, as in most Limicolæ, but they are not developed in all parts.

The cells lining the cavity of the saccular portion are smaller than those of the duct ;

both are cubical and glandular. The muscular layers are well developed, especially

in [the duct portion. The organs are uniformly covered with peritoneal cells.

Spermatephores are always present in the spermathec:e of fully mature specimens.

Ovary.—One pair of ovaries are attached to the posterior face of septum X/XI,

in similar positions as the testes. Each is usually pear-shaped but its form varies

according to the degree of sexual development, and assumes a palmate form when

fully mature. The cells are very small in the proximal end, but are very large at

the other, where they are surrounded by follicle cells. Mature ova float here and there

in the body cavity.

Oviduct.—One pair of oviducts lie in segment XI. The duct is very short and

bears a wide funnel, opening internally into the cœlomic cavity of segment XI, and

externally in the intersegmental line XI/XII, in similar positions as the spermathecal

pores.

Ovisac.—The ovisac is formed in a similar way as the sperm-sac by the backward

evagination of septum X/XI, and extends backward to segment XII, on the

dorsal side of the alimentary canal. Its minute structure is also like that of the

sperm-sac. |

Vascular System.

The main vessels are the dorsal, the ventral, and the supra-intestinal. I shall

note only those points in which the present species differ from the known species.

Although, unfortunately, I have been able to see only a few original papers relat-

ing to this genus, I gather that in all the European species of Jimnodrilus the

contractile hearts lie in segments VIII and IX and the intestinal commissures more

anteriorly. In the new species, the segments in question are provided only with

enlarged intestinal commissures. This was found to be the case in all the specimens

observed (at least 10). I shall now note some points common to the new and the

already known species.

The dorsal vessel divides into two in the prostomium, and these two vessels are

directly continued into the ventral vessels running backward along the sides of the

e

ON LIMNODRILUS GOTOI, N. EP.

alimentary canal. These two ventral vessels unite into a single large ventral vessel,

which then runs backward, The lateral commissures connecting the dorsal and

ventral vessels in segments I—VII are slightly enlarged and contractile. The supra-

intestinal vessel is conspicuous only in segments VIII, IX and their vicinity, but very

indistinct elsewere.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE II.

Fig. 1.—Diagram showing the arrangement of the reproductive organs.

Eig. 2a.—Cross section through segment VIII; to show the commissural blood-vessels,

Fig. 2b.—Cross section through segment IX ; to show the commissural blood-vessels.

Fig. 3.—Male duct, with penir.

Fig. 4.—Cross section of prostate gland, to show the connection with the atrium,

Fig. 5.—Cross section through tke penis showing the spirally arranged muscle.

Fig. 6.—Nephridium.

Fig. 7.—Brain,

Fig. 8 —Semi-diagrammatic section of penis.

Fig. 9,—Spermatheca.

Fig. 10.—Chitinous sheath of penis.

ABBREVIATIONS.

al.c. alimentary Canal. neph, p.

amp. ampulla. | ovd.

ate atrium, | pi

chs. chitinous sheath. | prs.

clit. clitellum, | s.i.v.

dv. dorsal vessel. sp. C.

epth. epithelium. sp. m.

h. heart. sptb.

nc, nerve-cord. t.

neph. c, nephridial canal.

nephridio-pore.

oviduct,

penis.

prostate gland.

supra-intestinal vessel,

spermduct cavity.

spiral muscle.

spermatheca.

testis.

ANNoT, ZooL. JAP. Vor Ill. Tas. Il.

NEW OR IMPERFECTLY KNOWN SPECIES OF

EARTHWORMS. RO. 2.

By SEITATO GOTO and SHINKICHI HATAL.

First High School, Tokyo.

In this paper we propose to describe some more species of Perichaela that have

come into our hands since the publication of our last paper. Most of the species

have been collected in the western part of the Island of Shikoku and of the Main

Island. <A few, however, are from the vicinity of Tokyo and of Mito.

The following points are common to all the species here described, and are there-

fore omitted from the text: (1) Ovaries in segment XIII; (2) Testes in X and XT;

(3) Last heart in XIII.

18. Perichaeta irregularis, n. sp,

Of this singular species we have fifty-five specimens, and the following figures

represent the modal numbers obtained by examination of the mean-sized

individuals. Length 125 mm., breadth 6 mm. ; number of segments 95. Number of

setæ in VIT, 47, in VIII, 47, in XVII, 61, and more posteriorly varying within

narrow limits on either side of the last number. Clitellum XIV—XVI, without sete.

Oviduct pores in XIV, very distinct. No spermathecæ, no gential papillæ ;

sperm duet pores could not be observed. First dorsal pore in XIT/XITT.

Gizzard in VII and VIII; intestine begins in XV, with five pairs of coca in

XX VI, of which the length decreases gradually towards the ventrum, the longest one

reaching segment XXIII. Thickened septa VI/VII—VII/VIlL and X/XII—XIII/-

XIV. Sperm reservoirs comparatively large, in XI and XII. Ovaries and ovisacs

large.

The most salient character of this species lies in the total absence of spermathecæ.

Of the species hitherto described we know a similar condition only in P. acystis

Beddard. This author had only two specimens and he appears to have had some

doubt as to whether they were not abnormal. The same doubt also occurred to us

t Numbers occurring most frequently.

14 8. GOTO AND 8. HATAI.

at first; but an examination of a sufficient number of speciemens has con-

vinced us that the character in question is constant and therefore normal to the

species. The present species differs from P. acystis in the absence of prostate glands,

and the sperm ducts terminating with knob-like swellings in XXII or much forward

in XIV.

Loc.—Uwajima (Shikoku), Takahashi (Prov. Bitchü).

19. P. Iizukai, n. sp.

We take great pleasure in naming this species after our friend, Mr. AKIRA

lizuKA, to whom we owe the specimen.

Length 285 mm. of which 48 mm. is occupied by the first thirteen segments,

breadth in I-II, 6 mm., more posteriorly 12—15 mm., the portion containing the genital

organs being thickest ; number of segments 137. Chetal lines very salient in the

anterior part. Setze decreasing towards the anterior

segments, there being 34 in IV, 40 in V, 42 in VI,

45 in VII, 50 in VIII, and 60 or so in the more

posterior segments. The segments in the middle

portion of the body are only 1 mm, long, but in the

anterior ones are as long as 5 mm. Clitellum XIV—

XVI, without sete. Spermathecal pores four pairs,

in V/VI, VI/VII, VII/VIII, and VIII/IX, very

small and difficult to recognize. No genital papille

in this region. Male pores in XVIII, separated by

8 setæ, and opening on tops of papille. Segments

XIX—XXIII each with a pair of genital papille

about 1 mm. in diameter, lying in the same longitudinal lines with the male pores,

and situated behind the chætal lines (fig. 1). First dorsal pore in XIJ—XIII.

Gizzard in VIII and IX ; intestine beginning in XV, without cceca. Thickened

septa IV/V—VII/VIII and X/XI-XII/XIII : septa VIII/-

IX and [X/X wanting. Sperm reservoirs in XI and XII,

Spermathecæ four pairs, in VI, VII, VIII, IX, 8 mm. long;

main sac elongated and pointed at its blind end; appendage

shorter (fig. 2). No ovisac. Ovaries comparatively large.

Prostate glands small, lobate, confined to X VIII.

Fig. 2. Loc.—Musashi.

NEW OR IMPERFECTLY KNOWN SPECIES OF EARTHWORMS. 15

20. P. shimaénsis, n. sp.

One specimen preserved in formol. Length 205 mm., breadth 7 mm., of a dark

flesh color ; number of segments 163. Setæ very numerous, there being about 85 in the

genital segments. Clitellum XIV—XVI. Intersegmental lines very distinct and of

a darker color than the rest. Spermathecal pores four pairs, in V/VI, VI/VII,

VII/VIII, VIII/IX, about midway between the median line and the lateral margin ;

no genital papillæ in this region. Male pores in

XVIII, separated by 13 sete. One pair of very large

circular genital papillæ, with flat tops, of the diameter

of about 2.5 mm., in XIX, situated mainly behind the

ı chætal line and projecting into the next segment

(fig. 3). First dorsal pore in XII/XIIII.

Fig. 3. Gizzard in VIII, IX ; intestine beginning in XV,

with a pair of ceca in XXVI, extending as far anteriorly as XX. Thickened septa

V/VI—VII/VIII and X/XI-XII/XIII; septa VIII/IX and IX/X wanting.

Genital organs comparatively small. Spermathec four pairs, in VI, VII, VIII, IX,

with a winding appendage and a pyriform main sac. Sperm reservoirs in XI.

XII. Ovaries tolerably large; no ovisac. Prostate glands in X VII—XX.

Loc.—Shima ; collected by Mr. ItzuKa.

21. P. carnoso, n. sp.

Two specimens presenting a difference of some importance in the genital papille

arcund the male pores. We shall base our description on the larger specimen, which

is also provided with more genital papille.

Length 153 mm., breadth 7-8 mm., number of segments 106. Setæ about 55

in the spermathecal region. Spermathecal pores three

pairs, in V/VI, VI/VIL VII/VIII; segments VII,

VIII, with a pair of genital papille near the median

line, in front of the chætel lines (fig. 4). Male pores

in XVIII, close to the lateral margin, separated by

14 seiæ, opening on low, large papillæ projecting out-

wards when seen from the ventral side. Segments

XVIII with two pairs of genital papillæ, an inner

and outer ; the inner pair lying close to the median

line and in front of the chætal line, the outer close to

16 8. GOTO AND S, HATAT.

the male pores, internal to them, and behind the chætal line ; segment XIX with one

pair of genital papillæ exactly similar in position to the inner pair of the preceding

segment (fig. 4). First dorsal pore in XIII/XIV.

In the smaller specimen in our possessior measuring 143 mm. by 5 mm., and

with 126 segments, the two pairs of papillæ near the male pores, lying close to the

median line are absent. In all other respects, however, it is exactly like the larger

specimen. We therefore regard the point just mentioned as an individual variation.

Gizzard in VIII, IX; intestine beginning in XV, with one pair of cœca in

XXVI, extending as far anteriorly as XXIII. Thickened septa IV/V—VII/VIII

and X/XI—XIV/XV; septa VIII/IX and IX/X wanting. Spermathecæ three

pairs, in VII, VIII, IX, with straight appendages half as long as

the main sac and duet (fig. 5). Sperm reservoirs in XI, XII,

with dorsal surface divided into three lobes. Ovisac present.

Prostate glands large, in XVI—XX. Internally there isa large

glandular patch of a circular form in the median line, lying

equally in segments XVIII and XIX, and therefore corres-

ponding to the region surrounded by the genital papillæ already

Vig. 5. described.

Loc.—Tokyo

22. P. acincla, n. sp.

Two specimens of the same dimensions, but with different number of segments.

Length 130 mm., breadth 7 mm. ; number of segments 108 and 113. Olitellum absent,

segments XIV—X VI being exactly similar to the others and bearing sete. Oviduct

pore exceedingly small and difficult to recognize. Sets about 50 in the spermathecal

segments, and about 60 in the more posterior segments; segment XIV with

57 sete, XV with 57, XVI with 52. Spermathecal pores three pairs, in

V/VI, VI/VII, VII/VIIL; no genital papille in this region. Male pores in XVIII,

separated by 7 sete, each situated in the centre of a

circular concavity about 1.5 mm. in diameter, anp

Sr } opening on top of papille (fig. 6) No genital papil-

lee in this region. First dorsal pore in XII/XIII.

Gizzard in VIII, IX; intestine beginning in XV,

with one pair of cœca in XX VI, extending for two segments anteriorly. Thickened

septa V/VI,—VII/VIIT and X/XI—XIIT/XTV ; septa VIII/IX, IX/X wanting.

NEW OR IMPERFECTLY KNOWN SPECIES OF EARTHWORMS. 17

Spermathecæ three pairs, in VI, VII, VIII, with appendicular diverticula twice as

long as the main portion. Sperm reservoirin XI, XII. Ovisac absent. Prostate

glands lobate, in X VII—XIX.

Loc.—Tokyo.

23. P. agrestis, n. sp.

Length 100—160 mm., breadth 5—8 mm., number of segments 80—96. Clitellum

XIV—XVI, without sete. Number of sete in the spermathecal region 36, more

posteriorly 40 or so. Spermathecal pores three pairs, in V/VI, VI/VII, VII/VIII.

There are no genital papillæ in this region ; but there are two pairs of slightly elevat-

ed squarish patches of a light brown color inside the spermathecal pores, one in VII

and the other in VIII. A similar patch or patches are present in P. Masalake

Bed. and P. Hilgendorfi Mich., and in these species there are numerous small papil-

le on the external surface of the patches, on which the so-called “ capsulogenous

glands ” open; but in the present species there are no papillæ on the outside nor any

capsulogenous glands on the inside. We think, however, that these patches serve the

same purpose as the genital papille. No male pores could be observed. First dorsal

pore in XII/XIII. ;

Gizzard in VIII, IX ; intestine beginning in XV, with one pair of ceca in XXVII

bearing 7 pairs of secondary diverticula. These secondary diverticula are longest

next the dorsum and thence gradually decrease in length towards the ventrum, the

longest ones reaching as far anteriorly as segment XXIV. Thickened septa V/VI—

VI/VII and X/XI—XIV/XV; septa VIII/IX—IX/X wanting. Spermathecæ

three pairs, in VI, VII, VIII, with diverticula longer than the

main sac, but almost straight or very slightly winding (fig. 7.)

Sperm reservoir in XJ, XII. Ovisac present. Prostate g'and

absent. Sperm ducts asymmetrical and terminating with bul-

bular swelling either in segment XIII or XVIII or even more

posteriorly. i

Loc.—Takahashi (Prov. Bitchu), Tokorosawa (Prov. Mu-

Fig. 7. sashi), Oarai (Prov. Hidachi).

Among more than one hundred specimens of this species in our hands we find

some in which the first dorsal pore lies in XI/XII, and a few without the modified

patches above described, as also a few with a pair of large papille (of 0.8-1 mm. in

diameter), in front of the chaetal line in segment XVIII. All these variations,

which occur independently, were found in the specimens from Oarai.

18 8. GOTO AND 8. HATAI,

24. P. parvicystis, n. sp.

Observations made on 45 specimens, Length about 140 mm., breadth 7 mm. :

number of segments 90 or so. Number of setæ in the spermathecal region usually 40.

Clitellum XIV—X VI, without sete. Spermathecal pores two pairs, on tops of pa-

pille near the anterior margins of segments VII, VIII (fig. 8). On the intersegmental

lines VI/VII, VII/VIII, in the same Jorigiindisiai lines

with the spermathecal pores, there are one or two

minute papille on either side; these are the openings

of the “ capsulogenous glands.” No genital papilla in

this region. Male pores in XVIII, sometimes on top

zu (GE...) of papille, separated by 14 sete. Genital papille

Fig. 8, mostly two pairs, directly inside the male pores, one on

either side of the chetal line. In a few specimens there are an additional pair of

papillæ directly behind the male pores. On these papillæ open the capsulogenous

glands described below. First dorsal pore X/XI.

Gizzard in VIII, IX; intestine beginning in XV, with one pair of ceca in

XXVI, reaching segment XXI. The external

margins of the ceca are frizzled 2. Thickened septa

V/VI-VII/VIII and X/XI—XIII/XIV, septa

y VIII/IX—IX/X wanting. Spermathecæ two pairs,

Na in VII, VIII, with diverticula (fig. 8a). On the

inner side of the spermathecæ there are some

AR a capsulogenous glands ” of inconstant position, usually three

on either side.f Sperm reservoirs in XI, XII. Ovisac pre-

sent. No prostate gland. Two capsulogenous glands near

i each male pore, one in front of and the other behind it

(fig. 8 b.) I

LR g Loc.—Uwajima (Shikoku), Oarai (Prov. Hidachi).

‘1g. e

25. P. glandularis, n. sp.

Length 150 mm., breadth 6 mm.; number of segments 104. Dorsal side

& A similar condition of the ccecum is found in P. digitata Ben. and P, bonthainensis Ben. both

from Celebes. :

f These so-called “ capsulogenous glands” are probably of the same nature as the “ accessory

spermathecæ ’’ which we have found in several of the species described by us in our first paper. _

f Rosa writes of P. hawayana, “ An der inneren Seite desselben (male pore) findet man zwei his

NEW OR IMPERFECTLY KNOWN SPECIES OF EARTHWORMS. 19

banded, the intersegmental lines being of a chestnut color (SACCARDO) and the rest

of a light flesh color; ventral side uniformly colored, the same as the light colored

portions of the dorsal side. Number of sets in the spermathecal region usually 60.

Clitellum XIV—XVI, without sete. Spermathecal pores two pairs, in VI/VII,

VII/VIII. There are no genital papillæ in this region, but there is instead a slightly

elevated modified patch of the integument of an elliptical form, of the diameter of

about 1.3 mm. on the median line of segment VII (fig. 9). In this patch there are 16

small papille, on which open the “ capsulogenous glands.” Sometimes the posterior

borders of the spermathecal pores are surrounded by

VII similar papille, in which case the patches occupied by

them are also modified. These papille are also the

| openings of “capsulogenous glands.” Male pores in

XVIII, separated by 19 sete, of a transverse slit-like

form, on top of papille. There is a large circular

concave papilla of the diameter of about 1 mm. on the

Fig. 9.

median line in segment XVIII, close to its anterior border and even projecting into

the preceding segment; in its centre is a small papilla on which open some “ capsulo-

genous glands” (fig. 9). First dorsal pore in XII/XIII.

Gizzard in VIII, IX ; intestine beginning in XV, with six pairs of coca in

XXVII. Thickened septa IV/V—

VI/VII and X/XI — XIII/XIV;

septum VII/VIII exceedingly thin;

septa VIII/IX, IX/X wanting.

Sperm reservoir in XI, XII. Ovisac

ve \ present. Spermathece two pairs,

in VII, VIII, with diverticula long-

er than the main portion and opening

Lo near the middle of its tubular por-

IN tion. “ Capsulogenous glands” ex-

ceedingly well developed : one group of

8 pairs in the median line in segment

VII (fig. 10), similar to what

Fig. 10. obtains in P, Rokugo Bed. {; another

drei kleine birnfgrmige, gelappte Drüsen, welche den äusseren, Geschlechtspapillen entsprechen”

(Die exotischen ulm des K.K. naturhist. Hofmuseums, Wien, 1891).

Beddard, F.—On some Perichætidæ of Japan. Zool. Jahrb., Abthl. f, Syst, VI/93. P. 762.

20 S. GOTO AND S. HATAT.

group of 2-8 glands close to the

opening of each spermatheca ; a third

group of 9 pairs on either side of

EN f the ventral cord between the male

TS pores; and a fourth group of 8-9

2 Ce glands close to each male pore (fig.

= i 11.) The openings of the glands

GF \ associated with the spermathecal and

male pores’ are very difficult to re-

Fig. 11. cognize from the outside, owing to

the absence of papille. Prostate glands well developed, lobate, in XVII—XX.

Loc.—Takahashi (Prov. Bitchü).

26. P. levis, n. sp.

Length 85 mm., breadth 4.5 mm.; number of segments 88. In alcoholic

specimens dark brown on the dorsal side, whitish on the ventral side. Number of

set in the spermathecal region 45, posterior to the clitellum 48. Clitellum pale

yellowish, XIV—XVI, without sete. Spermathecal pores two pairs, in VI/VII,

VII/VIII, surrounded by small papille, the openings of glands, which, however, are

often absent. Male pores difficult to recognize with the naked eye. No genital

papille either near the spermathecal or male pores. First dorsal pore in XI1/XIII.

Gizzard in VIII, IX ; intestine beginning in XV, with 5 pairs of cosca decreasing

in length towards the ventrum in XX VII, the longest of which reach segment XXV.

Thickened septa V/VI—VI/VII and X/XI—XII/XIII; septa VIII/IX, IX/X

wanting. Spermathecæ two pairs, in VII, VIII; main

| sae pyriform ; diverticulum consisting, like the main sac,

1) of a thin-walled sac-like portion and a thick-walled duct,

Two whitish “ capsulogenous glands ” close to each sperma-

thecal opening, similar in shape to those of P. Hilgendorfi

AN Mich. (fig. 12). Sperm reservoir in XI, XII, Ovary

and ovisac very large, lying close to the ventral wall. No

prostate gland. Male ducts terminating, as in the allied

ee species, with a knob-like swelling more frequently in a

segment anterior or posterior to XVIII and only very rarely in the latter,

NEW OR IMPERFECTLY KNOWN SPECIES OF EARTHWORMS. 21

Loc.—Takahashi (Prov. Bitchü), Kumamoto (Kyushü).

27. P. vesiculata, n. sp.

Length 60—105 mm., breadth 3—5 mm., number of segments 75—92. Seta

65 in tbe spermathecal region, 77 in XIII, these numbers, however, varying accord-

ing to individuals; more crowded on the ventral side, there being only 17—23 on

the dorsal side and 42—48 on the ventral side, in the spermathecal region. Clitellum

XIV—X VI, without sete. Spermathecal pores two pairs, in VI/VII, VII/VIIL;

no genital papille near them. Male pores in XVIII,

of the shape of transverse slits, close to the lateral mar-

gin of the body; no genital papille near them (fig.

13). First dorsal pore in XII/XIII.

Fig. 13, |

Gizzard in VIII, IX; intestine beginning in XVI, with one pair of cceca with

4 pairs of secondary diverticula in XX.VI; of these diverticula the dorsal ones are

longest and reach segment XXIII. Septa all thin, none of

them being especially thickened; septa VIII/IX, IX/X

wanting Spermathece two pairs, in VII, VIII, with

spherical sacs and short ducts; diverticula shorter than the

main portion but convoluted (fig. 14). Sperm reservoir in

Fig 14 XI, XII, lobed. Ovary and ovisac comparatively larges

Prostate gland somewhat rectangular, in XVII—XIX. Sperm

duct with a‘ terminal sac (fig. 15).

Externally this species closely resembles P. sex‘a Benham,

but differs from it in the position of the first dorsal pore, in the

Biz number of sete betweea the male pores, and several internal

characters.

Loc.—Takahashi (Prov. Bitchü), Oarai (Prov. Hidachi).

Fig. 15.

28. P. megascolidioides, n, sp.

A very large specimen 240 mm long and 15 mm. wide in the thickest portion ;

number of segments 118. Number of sete in the spermathecai region 48. Clitellum

very prominent, XIV—XVI, brownish in color, with a chetal lne to each segment,

22 S. GOTO AND 8. HATAT.

although there are no sete. Spermathecal pores 5 pairs;

in IV/V—VIII/IX, externally invisible. Oviduct pore

irregularly depressed. Male pores in XIX, séparated by

13 sete, and about 6.5 mm. apart. One pair of genital

papille about 0.5 mm. in diameter in segments XVII,

XVIII, XX, close to the posterior borders of the

segments (fig. 16). First dorsal pore in XII/XIII.

Gizzard in VIII, IX; intestine beginning in XV, with one pair of ceca in

XXVII, reaching as far anteriorly as XXIII Thickened septa V/VI—VII/VILI ;

and X/XI—XII/XIII; septa VIII/IX, IX/X wanting Spermathece five pairs, in

V—IX ; main sac elongated ovate, with a pointed apex; diverticulum tubular and

convoluted in its distal half, as long asthe main portion, Sperm reservoir in XI,

XII, small. Ovary large ; ovisac absent. Prostate gland large, in XVIII—XXI,

divided by deep incisions into three parts, with lobed margin. The genital organs

are conspicuously small as compared with the large dimension of the body.

The single specimen representing this species belongs to the Science College, and

and we have been enabled to examine it through the kindness of Prof. Mrrsukurt.

Loc.—Tokyo (collected by Mr. Wana of the Central Meteorological Observatory,

within its compound),

Postscript.

After the foregoing part of this paper had been written we received from Dr.

Horst of Leyden a copy of his paper } entitled, “On Perichæta Sieboldi Horst,” in

which the author makes some remarks on the species which we provisionally identified

| with the species first described by him from Japan. Weare very glad that our Dutch

friend has taken the trouble of reéxamining his type specimen, and are much indebt-

ed for his courtesy in sending us his paper. We must also acknowledge his kindness

in pointing out some misprints that have crept into our table ; and we beg those who

have our first paper to correct them accordingly, viz. column “ Spermathece,” line 1,

read VI, VII, VIII, IX instead of V, VI, V11; same column, line 2, read VIII,

IX instead of VI, VII, VIII; column “ Prostate,” line 5, read O instead of XVII.

There is one point of misunderstanding in Dr. Horst’s paper which we may dis-

pose of at the outset. At its end he says that we have not met with any of the nine

species described by previous writers from this country. We beg to remark that this

+ Notes from the Leyden Museum, Vol. XX, pp 240—242.

NEW OR IMPERFECTLY KNOWN SPECIES OF EARTHWORMS. 23

is not so, and that we have not made any statement to that effect. We have headed

our paper, “New or Imperfectly Known Species, etc.,” and it was not our intention to

redescribe the species which we thought had been sufficiently well described. As a

matter of fact Perichuta ime Rosa, P. japonica Horst, and P. Sieboldi Horst are the

only species already described which we have not yet come across.

We have not minutely described our species because its characters were exactly

similar to those of P. Sieboldi except in the points specified by us, viz. the position of

the spermathecæ and the number of sete. As, however, Dr. Horsr's reéxamination

of his type specinien has confirmed these differences, we find it necessary to regard the

species in question as new, and we propose for it the name of

29. Pericheta communissima, n. sp.

Length 250 mm. or sometimes more, breadth 9 mm.; number of segmets 140 in

the largest individuals; those measuring about 190 mm. and with about 100 segments

being, however, the most frequent. Clitellum XIV—XVI, without sete. Number

of setæ in the spermathecal region about 60. Spermathecal pores in V/VI, VI/VII,

VII/VIII. Male pores in XVIII, on top of papille, separated by 14—19 sete. No

genital papille. First dorsal pore in XII/XIII.

Gizzard in VIII, IX ; intestine beginning in XV, with 6—7 or exceptionally up

to 9 pairs of cœca* in X XVI, the size of which gradually decreases from the dorsum

towards the ventrum. Thickened septa V/VI—VII/VIII and X/XI-XIII/XIV ;

septa VIII/IX and 1X/X wanting in most specimens, although we have observed a

few specimens in which septum VIII/IX was present but exceedingly thin. Sper-

mathecæ three pairs, in VJ, VII, VIII; main pouch spherical and voluminous ;

diverticulum winding in its central part, longer than the main portion. Sperm

reservoirs large, in XI, XII, dorsal surface lobate. Ovisac in XIII, dorsal to the

ovary. Prostate gland very well developed, in XVII—XIX, trilobed, the middle

lobe being smallest, and all the three lobes with numerous lobules, Last heart

in XIII

Lo.—Tokyo, Sendai, Tsugaru (south side of the Strait of Sangar), Shizuoka,

Ibaraki, Bitchü ; that is to say all over the Main Island.

After this description it is hardly necessary to remark that the present species

can not be identified with P. Zyimæ Rosa.

* The most dorsal cecum is prominently larger than the others, and is slightly separated from

them ; but this is the case in all the species with numerous «aca that we bave okserved, viz. in

P. Hilgendorfi, P. Masatakæ, P. divergens, P. schizopora, 1°. irregularis, P. glandularis, and P. levis.

8. GOTO AND 8. HATAI.

24

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ON THE PARASITIC FLY ON THE SILKWORMS IN CHINA.

By €. SASAKI.

Professor in the Coll. of Agriculture, Imp. Univ., Tokyo.

It is known, that there are several species of flies which are parasitic to silk-

worms ; and their species seem to differ according to the different countries where

the silkworms are cultivated. Thus the larve of flies found parasitic to silkworms

in Italy are two, of which one is identified by Mr. A. MARINI with Senometopia

pumicata Meig. while the other by Mr. Ch. BRONGNIART with Doria meditabunta.1

The parasitic larva of fly found in the silkworms at Bengal is designated by the name

Oestrus Bombycis,2 while that which causes great injuries to our Japanese silkworms

is named by Prof. CAmILLO RoNDAMI® Ugimya sericariæ, and has been studied by

myself 4 in 1886.

Several Chinese writings tell us, that the Chinese silkworms are more or less

killed every year by parasitic larvæ of a fly; but we could not get the specimens

from that country until now. Fortunately in January of this year, I procured some

specimens of the same insect from my friend Dr. IwAsıro Hovnpa who has traveled

the eastern coast of China at the end of the last year.

‘The Chinese parasitic fly of the silkworms differs entirely from the above men-

tioned species, but seems to be identical with the Tachina rustica L (Syns. Musca

nigricans Fabr., Musca larvarium minor De Geer.) described by J. W. MEIGEN.5

In the following lines, I will describe both sexes of the fly as well as its maggot,

and give a short account of the manner in which the latter gets into silkworms

in China.

Female fly (fig. 1, a).

1 Bulletin des Soies et des Soieries, No. 912

2 E Pariset—Les Industries de la Soie.P 37.

3 Prof. C Rondani—L/’Uji ; estratto dal Bolletino del Comizio Agrario, del Mese di Aprile, 1870,

4 Journal of Science Coll., Imperial University, Japan, 1886.

5 System. Beschreib d. bekannt. europäisch. Zweifl. Insekten. Th. IV. 1824.

26 C. SASAKI,

Length 11 mm. Pody greyish

yellow, marked with blackish lines

and bands. Head nearly triangular,

silvery white in color. Eyes large,

dark reddish brown, lie pretty apart

from each other on the crown of head ;

simple eyes three, antenne blackish,

short and stout, consists of three

DHEA 2/1. © ; segments,—the lst and 2nd segmen's

smaller, the 3rd longer, somewhat depressed, and near the proximal end of the latter

is borne a simple long bristle. Maxillary palp dull reddish brown. The dorsal face

of the thorax is marked with four blackish longitudinal lines, between which lies a

row of black stout hairs; scutellum nearly hemispheric il, greyish brown, and clothed

with a few stout hairs. Wings light greyish, transparent; veins blackish ; the first

posterior cell opens at the margin of the wing; squama greyish milky white. Legs

black, of a moderate size. Abdomen nearly spindle shaped, densely clothed with short

greyish hairs; the posterior margin of each abdominal segment is marked with

blackish transverse band. Along the dorsal line of the abdomen are a few

blackish stout hairs, while its posterior end is provided with a number of them.

Male fly (fig. 1, b).

Length 12 mm. The coloration and form of the body are nearly similar with

the other sex, but the head bears greyish yellow color ; the eyes lie closely on the

crown of head. The abdomen somewhat longer and pointed at its free end.

Larva (alcoholic specimen).

Fig. 2. The immature larva (fig. 2) which is taken out of the body of silk-

worms is about 9 mm. in length. The body is light yellowish white, cylin-

drical in form, the pointed anterior end is provided with blackish mouth

parts, while the posterior broader end is furnished with two oval chitinous

plates, on each plate there lie three elongated oval protuberances marked

3/1.

with transverse striations lying very close side by side. In the space sorrounded by

these elongated oval protuberances, lies a dark round area, where open two irregular

slit-like breathing pores. The anterior half of each segment of the larva is furnished

with minute spines arranged in several transverse rows.

It is usually believed by the Chinese, that the parasitic fly, entering the breeding

ON THE PARASITIC FLY ON THE SILKWORMS IN CHINA, 27

houses of silkworms, deposits its eggs directly on the body of the host and

further Mr. N. Toporokr, who has attended to silkworm culture during several years

at Köshin in China, informs me of the same fact and that he has observed actually

the deposition of eggs by the fly on the body of silkworms in a breeding house.

On examining the silkworms infested by the maggot, we can observe a number of

brownish black patches of variable sizes, everywhere on the dorsal as well as the ventral

Fig. 3.

maggot. portion of the body (fig. 3, a, b,c).

Tightly attached to the surface of

each of these patches, may be found

a single egg of the fly (fig. 4)

The eggs are elongated oval and

less than a millimeter in length.

All of the eggs look almost trans.

parent, owing to their being empty,

the maggot having already hatched

out. The egg shell is marked

allover with characteristic hexagonal areas. On a portion of the patch, where the

Fig 4. i ; j ITR

egg is attached, remains always a minute perforation, which is

unquestionably the passage of the maggot into the body of the

silkworm. The maggot is usually found directly beneath the

patch above mentioned. It is usual that more than a single

egg. |

maggot live parasitic in a silkworm, since there may be several brownish black

patches on the body of the latter, while in the case of the fly in our Japanese silk-

worms there is only a single maggot in one host.

It is said that the parasitic flies in China destroy largely the silkworms at the

5th stage of their development, or after the spinning of cocoon. In the latter case,

the maggot gets out of the cocoon by making perforations in it, which make the

cocoon entirely useless for reeling.

Upon our wild silkworm (Theophila mandarina Movre) there may be found a

parasitic fly which appears to be the same species as Zachina rustica of China; but

it never enters our breeding house and becomes parasitic upon our domestic silkworms.

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MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.

Swallows in Mid-Winter.—We have been favored with the following note

datedJan. 4 of this year, from Mr Alan Owston of Yokohama. We hope this will

call forth more observations on the question raised.

Dear Sır :—I am not sure if you already have a note of the remarka ble late

appearance of a number of Swifts (Cypselas pacificas) which were seen by myself

and a party of friends at Odawara on 16th Dec. 1897, but now I have another note

of the same kind to make, viz:—on the first of this month my brother and self

were at Odawara and we observed a couple of swallows (Hiundo rustica gutturalis)

flying about the beach where the fishing boats are hauled out, and catching the flies

which were abundant there.

Is it possible that some Swifts and Swallows remain here throughout the whole

winter and if so do they hybernate in caves like bats ?

I hope that attention being called to this interesting subject, some of your corres-

pondents may be induced to make such further observations as may serve to elucidate

these questions.

ALAN OwsTON.

Zoological Society of Tokyo.—The monthly meetings of the Society for

the year ending last March were held in the lecture room of the Zoological Institute of

the College of Science, as follow :—

April 16.—Mr. Wakiya on “the Oyster of the Bay of Tokyo.” The Tokyo

Bay oyster is the Ostrea yigas Thun, and not O. cuculata Born, which name is to be

applied to the spiny form found on rocks in Misaka and other localities.

Mr. Nishikawa on “the Embryonic Development of Zoligo edulis Hoyle.” He

pointed out the differences from floating eggs.

May 21.—Mr. Ikeda exhibited two rare cephalopod specimens from the Sea of

Sagami and made some remarks on them. One of them was an octopod and is to be

referred to the genus Amphitretus; the other was a decapod and belonged to the genus

Hi tiopsis.

Mr. Iijima on “a New Human Parasite” This paper has been published in

this Journal (Vol. II, Pars II).

June 18.—Mr. Wakiya on “the Species of Japanese Oysters and their

Distribution.”

Mr. Aida on “ the Appendiculariae of Misaki.”

September 17.—Mr. Iizuka gave an account of his collecting trip in the Pro-

vince of Shima, As one outcome of this trip he stated his conclusion that the “ gokai”

is to be identified with Nereis diversicolor Müller.

30 MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.

Mr. Ishikawa on “ some Observations on Noctiluca.”

October 22.—Mr. Mitsukuri gave an account of some of his observations on the

zoological institutions of Europe and America, and exhibited some photographs.

November 19.—Mr. Iwakawa on “the Japanese Species of Anodon, Unio, and

Corbicula.”

December 17.—Mr. Mitsukuri exhibitcd some lepidoterous specimens purchased

in England, to illustrate the principle of mimicry. The rest of the meeting was taken

up by the election of officers for the next year.

January 21, 1899.—Mr. Awano gave a general account of his observations in

Formosa. Mr. Oka then exhibited two new forms of microtome invented by himself.

One was very simple and is intended for use in the secondary schools ; the other was

more complex and automatic. Their descriptions will probably appear in the pages

of this Journal.

Feburary 18 —Mr. Ishikawa on “ Plecoglossus altivelis amd the trout of Lake

Biwa.”

Mr Mitsukuri exhibited some Zoclogical specicmens and apparatuses from Europe

and America.

March 19.—Mr. Miyajima gave an account of his observations on a specimen

obtained in Misaki, Jan. 1 of this year, and supposed to be identical with Brancluoce-

rianthus urceolus E. L. Mark. In hig opinion the animal is a hydroid and Monocaulus

imperator Allman is also probably to be identified with it.

Mr. Iwakawa gave an account of his trip to the southern part of Kiushu.

ERRATA.

pi DE be DIG, read 51 instead of 61.

2. E ee 22, » X/XI > X/XII.

51 DG Ul 5: VI, VII, VIII n VIN, VIIL,IX

CONTENTS.

On Two New Speciesiof Phloeothripe ee M. Matsumura... 1—4

On Limnodrilus Goto: spice see ee SH 08 5—11

New or Imperfectly Known Species of Earthworms. No. 2................. S. Goto. & S. Hatai....13-24

On the Parasitic Fly on the Silkworms in China.......................... C.. Sasaki... 25—27

Miscellaneous. Notes... er oe a. CAN BER oe Me tt A EM Mn, 29—30

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ANNOTATIONES

ZOOLOGICA JAPONENSES

AUSPICIIS

SOCIETATIS ZOOLOGICÆ TOKYONENSIS

SERIATIM EDIT.

Volumen III. Partes II & ILI.

TOKY ©.

x

Published APRIL 3, ıgor.

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respondances destinées aux “ Annotationes” au SECRÉTAIRE DE LA

SOCIETE ZOOLOGIQUE DE TOKIO, UNIVERSITÉ IMPÉRIALE DE TOKIO.

NOTICE.

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March, June, September and December.

Terms of subscription-—$2°°=8s F10=M8 per annum; single parts 50¢

=2s=F2.50=M2 each. Postage included in all cases.

Remittances from foreign countries are to be made by postal money orders

payable in Tokyo to M. Namiye, Zoological Institute, Science College, Tokyo.

TO CONTRIBUTORS.

Article may be written in English, German, French, or Italian.

Each contributor receives 50 copies of the reprints of his article gratis. Any

number of extra copies will be furnished at cost.

Contributors are particularly requested to specify the number of reprints

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Communications are to be addressed to the Secretary of the Zoological

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SPECIAL NOTICE.

Volume I and its parts are no longer sold at the original price, but

will be charged for at the same rate as the succeeding volumes and parts

(vide supra).

CT

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PRE VEN ARN CHECK LIST

FISHES OF JAPAN

DAVID STARR JORDAN, PH. 0., LL D. Ap JOHN OTTERBEIN SNYDER, a.m.

President of Leland Stanford Junior University- Instructor in Zoology.

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TO

PROFESSOR KAKICHI MITSUKURI

OF THE

University of Tokyo,

IN RECOGNITION OF HIS WORK AS A NATURALIST AND OF HIS

CHARACTER AS A MAN.

JUN 3 1008

A Preliminary Check List of the Fishes

of Japan.

By David Starr Jordan and John 0. Snyder.

Leland Stanford Jr. University, Palo Alto, Cal.

The present paper contains a list of all the species of fishes recorded

on good authority from the waters of Japan, exclusive of Formosa, the

Liukiu Islands and the islands of the Kurile chain. The tropical fauna

of Formosa is doubtless substantially that of Borneo, Java and the neigh-

boring islands, but scarcely anything concerning it is yet placed on

record. + The only records from the Liukiu Islands are derived from

COMMODORE PERRY'S expedition and are very incomplete. These in-

dicate that the Liukiu Islands share the ordinary East Indian tropical

fauna. The fish fauna of the Kurile Islands is subarctic and probably

differs little from that of Kamchatka. All that is known of this fauna is

included in the paper of JoRDAN and GILBERT on the Fishes of Bering

Sea, included in the report of the United States Fur Seal Commission,

Vol. III. The known species are also included in JORDAN and EVER-

MANN’S Fishes of North and Middle America.

In the present paper for the sake of convenience of reference, all

the species known from the Kuriles and from the Liukiu Islands are

added as footnotes. In footnotes also we have included a number of

species ascribed to Japan on authority which for one reason or another

we have regarded as doubtful.

The species, 685 in number, which are considered by us as proba-

bly valid members of the Japanese fauna may be divided into five groups

on the basis of their natural distribution. These are, 1. Northern fishes,

or the Yeso group, having their center of distribution about Hakodate.

To this group belongs the Salmonide, many of the Fleuronectid@ (as

32 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Verasper, Limanda, Kareius, etc.), most species of Sebastodes, numerous

Cottide, Gadide, etc. 2. The Temperate fishes or Nippon group,

having their center of distribution about Yokohama, which is also a

meeting place for Northern and Southern forms. To this fauna belong

most of the characteristic species of Japan, as, Ditrema, Glaucosgma,

Histiopterus, Anoplus, Girella, Emmelichthys, although most of these

extend their range as far south as Nagasaki and many as far north as

Yeso. 3. The Semi-tropical fishes, or the Kiusiu group of species, those

having their center of distribution about Nagasaki or to the southward.

Here belong many of the more distinctly tropical forms, as Siganus,

Diastodon, Duymeria, Chetodon, Balistes, ete. 4. The Bassalian

fishes, or those found in the deep sea. Not many of these are as yet

recorded but many of them are of peculiar interest. Here belong

species of Mitsukurina, Chlamydoselachus, Celorhynchus, Lotella, Chi-

mera, etc. 5. Fresh water fishes. The chief body of fresh water is

Lake Biwa in the southern part of Nippon. The river and lake fishes

are closely related to Chinese forms, but thus far none of them are

known to be specifically identical with the river fishes of China.

The fishes of the western shores of Japan have been scarcely

studied at all and no one can say whether the fauna differs in any mark-

ed degree from that of the corresponding temperatures on the castern

shore. Practically all knowledge of Japanese fishes is derived from

collections made in the markets of Hakodate, Tokyo, Nagasaki and the

villages about Lake Biwa and from the dredgings off Yokohama and

Enoshima.

The first important work on the Fishes of Japan is the monumental

volume in the Fauna Japonica published in 1847, by Professors C. J.

TEMMINCK and H. ScHLEGEL of the University of Leyden in Holland.

This work is based on the large collection, supplemented with notes and

colored plates, made by BURGER in the Bay of Nagasaki. The volume

contains good descriptions of species, most of them represented by large

colored plates. The sharks and rays of BURGER’s collection were earlier

FISHES OF JAPAN. 33

described and figured in MULLER and HenLE's Plagiostomen. This work

of TEMMINCK and SCHLEGEL was written with great care and is still the

most important document of the fishes of Japan. Later, in 1856, Mr.

JAMES CARSON BREVOORT published a number of colored drawings ob-

tained by CoMMODoRE PERRY'S expedition giving names to the species

represented. At about the same time a few specimens from the same

source received names from Dr. THEODORE GILL. In the course of his

prolonged studies of the fishes of the Dutch East Indies, Dr. PIETER VAN

BLEEKER obtained many Japanese specimens, which he recorded from

time to time in some of his multitude of papers. In 1879 he published

a list of known species from Japan under the title of ‘‘ Enumeration des

Espèces de Poissons actuellement connues de Japon.” This list far-

nishes a useful clue to the literature although several species are included

in it on questionable authority. In the eight volumes of the Catalogue

of the fishes of the British Museum (1859-1870), Dr. ALBERT GUNTHER

includes many references to Japanese fishes, and subsequently in differ-

ent papers'she has described a large number of new species. In the

Voyage of the Challenger, especially, many new species were made

known, especially from the deep seas about Yokohama and Enoshima.

About 1880 Dr. FRANZ HILGENDORF of the University of Berlin, pub-

lished descriptions of numerous species of fishes obtained by him in his

stay as Professor in Tokyo. About 1883, Dr. FRANZ STEINDACHNER, &$-

sisted by Dr. L. D6DERLEIN, published in four parts, under the title of

“ Die Fische von Japan” a full record with many fine plates, of the species

taken by Dr. DÖDERLEIN in his stay in Tokyo. This admirable paper

ranks next to the work of TEMMINCK and SCHLEGEL in value to the stu-

dent of the fishes of Japan. Additional species have been described by

STEINDACHNER (Fishes of Kobe), SAUVAGE (Poissons du Lac Biwaco),

PETERS (Labracoglossa, etc.) Nystrom (fishes of Nagasaki, 1887), GAR-

MAN (Chlamydoselachus), JORDAN (Hexagrammos, Mitsukurina), JORDAN

and GILBERT (Kuriles), and others. Especially important is a paper by

Dr. C. ISHIKAWA on the fishes of Lake Biwa, with a description of a new

34 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

species (Pseudogobio zezera), the first described by a Japanese naturalist.

Oraxr's notes on the Pleuronectidæ of Japan (1897), Krrawara’s paper

on the Scombride of Japan (1897), illustrated by photographs and IsHI-

kawa and Marsuura’s Preliminary Catalogue of the fishes in the Im-

perial Museum of Tokyo are also valuable contributions to the

knowledge of the Japanese fauna. The list of fishes from Japan in

the museum of Stanford University, now in press by the present

writers contains a number of species not previously described.

The material used in the present paper includes, beside all the

published literature on Japanese fishes, the following collections, all in

the museum of Leland Stanford Jr. University at Palo Alto, California,

duplicates being in the United States National Museum at Washington.

1. A collection of Marine Fishes from Yokohama and the Bay of

Tokyo, obtained in 1895 and 1896, by KEINOSUKE OTAKI, a graduate of

Stanford University, now teacher in the Imperial Military Academy in

Tokyo. This collection was made through the interest of Mr. TrmorHy

Hopkins of Menlo Park, California. a

2. A collection of the fishes of Lake Biwa made in 1596, by

Professor OTAKI.

3. A collection of fishes from the Kurile Islands (mostly from

Iturup and Ushishir) made by the United States Fish Commission

steamer Albatross, under the direction of Lieut. Commander JEFFERSON

F. Moser, U.S. Navy.

4. A collection made by the Albatross in the harbor of Hakodate.

5. A collection made by the Albatross in the harbor of Yokohama

and Tokyo.

6. A collection of Cyprinide, Gobiide, ete., from Lake Biwa,

received from Dr. C. ISHIKAWA, of the Imperial Museum at Tokyo.

7. A collection of Gobüde from about Tokyo received from Dr.

K. KisHIxouyE of the Imperial Fisheries Bureau.

In the list as given below, a star (*) after a locality indicates that

specimens from it are included in the collections named. We have

FISHES OF JAPAN. 35

included all localities in the Bay of Tokyo under the general name of

Yokohama.

The Japanese names have been compiled by us from the literature

accessible, We are indebted to Professor KAKICHI MITSUKURI and to

Professor ©. ISHIKAWA, for correcting the errors in this series of

names. To these two gentlemen we would especially express our

obligations for many favors connected with the publication of this paper,

which could not have been printed in Japan, were it not for their kindly

interest, a species of international courtesy which the authors of this

paper highly appreciate.

We would also express our many obligations to Professor OTAKI,

one of our valued students; and also our indebtedness to Professor

KIsHINOUYE for favors shown by him. We are under further special

obligations to Dr. SETH EUGENE MEEK of the Field Columbian Museum

at Chicago for important assistance in the identification of specimens,

while on a visit to Palo Alto.

DAVID STARR JORDAN.

JOHN O. SNYDER.

Leland Stanford Junior University,

Palo Alto, California.

January 19, 1900.

AL

arabe

FISHES OF JAPAN. 37

Class: MARSIPOBRANCHII.

Order: HYPEROTRETA.

Family 1.— HOMEIDE.

Genus: HOMEA Fleming.

(Heptatrema Duméril. Bdellostoma Müller & Henle.)

1= Homea biirgert (Girard) <a 22. 1, a Le Nutaunagi.

(Bdellostoma cirrhatum Temminck & Seni zel, not type.)

Yokohama* ; Shimabara.

Order: HYPEROARTIA.

Family IL.—PETROMYZONIDE.

Genus: PETROMYZON (Artedi) Linnæus.

2.—Petromyzon japonicus Von Martens ... ... Yatsumeunagt.

Echigo ; Yokohama*.

Class : PISCES.

Sub-class : SELACHII.

Order: DIPLOSPONDYLI.

Sub-order : OPISTHARTHRI.

Family 111 —CHILANYX DOSELACHIDÆ.

Genus: CHLAMYDOSELACHUS Garman.

3.—Chlamydoselachus anguineus Garman. Rabuka, Kagurazame.

Off Yokohama.

Family IV.—HEXANCHIDÆ.

Genus: NOTORHYNCHUS Ayres.

4.—Notorhynchus indicus (Cuvier) ... ... ... ... Aburazame.

Japan (Burger).

38 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Order: ASTEROSPONDYLI.

Sub-order: PROSARTHRI,

Family V.-HETERODONTID®.

Genus: HETERODONTUS Blainville.

(Cestracion Cuvier.)

5.—Heterodontus japonicus Macleay & Macleay ... Nekozame.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki; Shikoku.

Sub-order : GALEI.

Family Vi.—SCYLLIORHINIDE.

Genus: CATULUS Smith.

6.—Catulus biirgeri (Temminck & Schlegel).

Nagasaki.

7.—Catulus laticeps (Duméril)... ... ... Nanukazame, Oseibuka.

Nagasaki. |

Genus: CROSSORHINUS Muller & Henle.

8.—Crossorhinus barba‘us (Gmelin). Kattaizame, Kirinotobuka.

Goto Islands.

Genus: CHILOSCYLLIUM Muller & Henle.

9.—Chiloscyllium indicum (Gmelin).

Nagasaki.

Family Vil.—_GALEID®.

Genus: CARCHARHINUS! Biainville.

(Carcharias Cuvier 1817 ; not of Rafinesque 1810.)

19.—Carcharhinus melanopterus (Quoy & Gaimard).

Nagasaki.

1 Carcharhinus gangeticus (Müller & Henle) ... ... . Mejirozame.

India: “Jspan” (GUNTHER.)

FISHES OF JAPAN. 39

Genus: GALEOCERDO.

Genus: GALEORHINUS Blainville.

(Galeus Cuvier, not of Rafinesque.)

11.—Galeorhinus japonicus (Muller & Henle.)

Yokohama,

Genus: MUSTELUS Cuvier.

12.—Mustelus manazo Bleeker. ... Manazo, Shirosame, Hoshizame.

(Mustelus vulgaris Tennoinck & Schlegel ; not of Cuvier.)

Yokohama* ; Hakodate*; Nagasaki.

Genus: PRIONACE Cantor.

(Prionodon Muller & Henie. Cynocephalus Gill.)

13.—Prionace japonica (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... ... Shirafuka.

Nagasaki.

Genus: SCOLIODON Müller & Henle.

14.—Scoliodon walbeehmi (Bleeker.)

° Nagasaki.

Genus: TRIAKIS Muller & Henle.

15.—Triakis scyllium Muller & Henle. ... ... ... ... Yamori.

Shikoku; Yokohama*.

Family VIII. SPHYERNIDA.

Genus: SPHYRNA Rafinesque.

(Zygena Cuvier; Cestracion Gill.)

16.—Sphyrna zygena (Linnæus.) ... ... ... ... Shimokuzame.

(Zygena malleus Shaw.)

Nagasaki.

Genus: GALEOCERDO Miiller & Henle.

1 Galeocerdo tigrinus (Müller & Henle.)

“Japan.”

2 Scoliodon acutus (Riippell). Scoliodon laticaudus (Müller & Henle).

“Japan.” “Japan.”

40 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Family IX, -LAMNID.E.

Genus: ISUROPSIS Gill.

17.—Isuropsis glaucus (Müller & Henle.)... ... ... ... Aozame.

Nagasaki (Burger).

Genus: LAMNA Cuvier.

18.—Lamna cornubica (Gmelin.)

“ Japan.”

Family X.—™MITSUKURINIDE.

Genus: MITSUKURINA Jordan.

19.—Mitsukurina owstoni Jordan. … … vee Mitsukurizame.

Yokohama* ; in deep water.

Family XI. —PRISTIOPHORIDZÆ.

Genus: PRISTIOPHORUS Miller & Henle.

20.—Pristiophorus japonicus Günther. ... Nokogirizame, Hokobuka.

Nagasaki.

Sub-order: RHIN Zi.

Family XIE.—SQUATINIDE.

Genus: SQUATINA Dumeril.

(Rhina Rafinesque.)

21.—Squatina japonica (Bleeker.) … ... Kasuzame, Korozame.

(Squatina vulgaris Temminck & Schlegel ; not of Cuvier.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Order: CYCLOSPONDYLI.

Family XIII. —SQUALIDÆ

Genus: SQUALUS Linnæus.

(Acanthias Risso).

22.—Squalus sucklii(Girard).... ... .... 2... Ceumaeome:

(Bering Sea and Eastern Pacific. Recorded by Schlegel and

Nystrom as Acanthias vulgaris from Nagasaki.)

FISHES OF JAPAN. 4]

Genus: CENTROPHORUS Ginther.

23.—Centrophorus foliaceus Günther.

Enoshima.

24.—Centrophorus squamulosus Günther.

Enoshima,

Order: BATOIDEI.

Sub-order: SARCURA.

Family XIV.—RHINOBATIDE.

Genus: RHINOBATUS Bloch & Schneider.

25.—Rhinobatus schlegeli Müller & Henle. ... ... Sakatazame.

Nagasaki; Yokohama*.

26.—Rhinobatus annulatus Miller & Henle.

Nagasaki.!

Genus: RHYNCHOBATUS Müller & Heule.

27.—Rhynchobatus djeddensis (Forskäl.) ... Sakatazame, Tongari.

(Rhinobatus levis Temminck & Schlegel.)

Nagasaki.

Family XV.—-NARCOBATIDE.

Genus: ASTRAPE Miller & Henle.

28.—Astrape japonica (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... ... ...Shibireöi.

Nagasaki.

Family XViIi.—RAJID EE.

Genus: PLATYRHINA Muller & Henle.

29.—Platyrhina sinensis (Bloch & Schneider.) ... ... Uchiwazame.

Japan (Burger).

Genus: RAJA Linnæus.

(Dasybatis Blainville.)

1 Perhaps the same as R. columne Müller & Henle.

42 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

30.—Raja meerdevoorti (Bleeker.)

Nagasaki; Yokchama*.

31.—Raja kenojei! (Müller & Henle.) ... .. ... ... …. Kasube.

Nagasaki; Yokohama*.

32.—Raja japonica Nystrom.

Nagasaki.

33.—Raja isotrachys Gunther.

South Japan.

Sub-order: MASTICURA.

Family XVIE..—DASYATIDE.

Genus: DASYATIS Rafinesque.

(Trygon Adanson. Leiobatus Bleeker.)

34.—Dasyatis akajei (Müller & Henle.) ... ... ... ... ... Akaei.

Nagasaki.

35.—Dasyatis kuhlii (Muller & Henle.)

Nagasaki ; Yokohama*.

36.—Dasyatis zugei (Muller & Henle.) ... ... …. … ... Zugei.

Nagasaki.

Genus: HIMANTURA Miller & Henle.

37.—Himantura nuda (Gunther.)

“Japan” (Bleeker.)

38.—Himantura gerrardi (Gray.)

“Japan

Genus: PTEROPLATEA Muller & Henle.

39.—Pteroplatea japonica (Temminck & Schiegel) ... Tsubakuroei.

Yokohama* ; Nagasaki.

Genus: UROLOPHUS Muller & Henle.

40.—Urolophus tullbergi (Nystrom)... ... ... ... ... Junorui?

(Urolophus cruciatus of authors, not of Lacépède.)

Nagasaki ; Yokohama*; Goto Islands.

1 This species is mature at a length of less than two feet. Those rays of “ taille

énorme ” noted by ScHLEGEL must belong to some other species.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 43

Family XVEIE.—-MYLIOBATIDE.

Genus: MYLIOBATIS Duméril.

41.—-Myliobatis tobijei Bleeker.

Nagasaki; Yokohama*.

Tobier.

—Myliobatis cornutus Günther.

Tobiei.

(Myliobatis aquila Temminck & SORTE

not of Cuvier.)

Nagasaki.

43.—Myliobatis nieuhofi (Bloch & Schneider.)

“ Japan.”

Family XIX.—-AODONTIDE.

Genus: AODON Lacépéde; Duméril.

(Cephalopterus Dumeril; Mobula Rafinesque ; Dicerobatis Blainville )

44.—Aodon japonicus (Muller & Henle).

Itomakiei.

“Japan” (Müller & Henle.)

Order: HOLOCEPHALI.

Family XX.—CHIMZERIDE.

Genus: CHIMÆRA Linnaeus.

45.—Chimæra phantasma Jordan & Snyder. Ginzame.

(Chimera monstrosa Temminck & Schlegel ; not of Linnæus.)

Nagasaki ; Goto Islands ; Yeso ; Yokohama*.

Genus: HARRIOTTA Goode.

46--Harriotta pacifica Mitsukuri.

Sagami Bay(?).

Sub-class: TELEOSTOMI.

Series: GANOIDEI.

Order CHONDROSTEI.

44 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Family XXL.—ACIPENSERID.E.

Genus: ACIPENSER Linneus.

47.—Acipenser mikadoi Hilgendorf. ... ... ... ... Chozame.

Yeso ; Yokohama.

Series: TELEOSTEI.

Order: NEMATOGNATHI.

Family XXIE.—SILURIDE.

Genus: LIOBAGRUS Hilgendorf.

48.—Liobagrus reini Hilgendorf.

South Japan.

Genus: LEIOCASSIS Bleeker.

49.—Leiocassis longirostris (Bleeker).

Japan.

Genus: PLOTOSUS Lacépède.

50 —Plotosus arab (Forskäl). ... ... ... Gigi, Shimagin, Umigigi.

(Plotosus anguiilaris Lacépède; Plotosus lineatus

Temminck & Schlegel.)

Enoshima; Kagoshima; Yokohama*.

Genus: PSEUDOBAGRUS Bleeker.

51.—Pseudobagrus nudiceps Sauvage.

Lake Biwa. ; |

52 —Pseudobagrus fulvidraco (Richardson). ... ... ... ... Gigi.

Japan.

53.—Pseudobagrus aurantiacns (Temminck & Schlegel).

Gigi, Gibachi.

Yokohama*; Kiusiu; Satsuma; Kurume; Higo.

(In rivers.)

54.—Pseudobagrus ransonnetii Steindachner,

Osaka.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 45

5 —Pseudobagrus tokiensis Doderlein. ... ... ... ... Gibachi.

Yokohama.

Genus: Parasilurus.

56.—Parasilurus asotus (Linnaus.) ... ... we. “SRI Namazu,.

(Silurus japonicus Temminck & Schlegel)

Yokohama* ; Lake Biwa* ; Higo ; Satsuma ; Nagasaki.

Genus: TACHYSURUS Lacépède,

(Arius Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

57.—Tachysurus maculatus (Thunberg.)

“Japan.” (Bleeker.)

Order: PLECTOSPONDYLI.

Family XXIIK.—COBITIDE.

Genus: MISGURNUS Lacépède.

(Cobitichthys Bleeker.)

58.—Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (Cantor.) ... … ... ... Dojo.

(Cobitis rubripinnis and C. maculata Temminck & Schlegel.)

Nagasaki; Tokyo.

59.—Misgurnus polynemus Bleeker.

(Misgurnus dichachrous and M. enalios Bleeker.)

Yokohama.

Genus: COBITIS Linveus.

60.—Cobitis japonica Temminck & Schlegel. ... ... Shimadojo,

Takanohadojo.

Lake Biwa*; Otsu; Matsubara.

Genvs: BOTIA Gray.

(Hymenophysa McClelland.)

61.—Botia curta (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Ayamodoki, Ayubata.

Nagasaki; Lake Biwa; Yodogawa; Setagawa.

46 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Family XXIV.—CYPRINIDE.

Genus: CYPRINUS (Artedi) Linnzus.

(Carpio Heckel)

62.—Cyprinus carpio (Linnæus.) te Veatch allea)

(C. melanetus and C. hematopterus Terni & Schlegel.)

Kiusiu; Yokohama*; Otsu.

Genus: CARASSIUS Nilson.

63.—Carassius auratus (Linnæus.) ... ... ... Hiwara, Funa,

Gengorobuna.

(Cyprinus langsdorfi, C. arandoculis, C. cuvieri and C. biirgeri

Temminck & Schlegel.)

Yokohama*; Otsu; Nagasaki; Matsubara.

Genus: HEMIBARBUS Bleeker.

64.—Hemibarbus barbus (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Nigoi, Sai.

(Barbus schlegeli Gunther.)

Nagahama; Osaka; Yokohama*; Tokyo.

Genus: GOBIO Cuvier.

65.—Gobio biwe Jordan & Snyder.

Lake Biwa*.

66.—Gobio mayedæ Jordan & Snyder.

Lake Biwa*.

Genus: PSEUDOGOBIO Bleeker.

67.—Pseudogobio esocinus (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Kamasuka,

Kawasaki.

Lake Biwa*; Matsubara; Tokyo.

68.—Pseudogobio zezera Ishikawa. ... ....... ... ... Zezera.

Otsu; Maebara; Matsubara; Lake Biwa.

Genus: SARCOCHEILICHTHYS Bleeker.

69.—Sarcocheiiichthys variegatus (Temminck & Schlegel) ..

Higa, Oburahae.

Otsu; Matsubara; Maebara; Lake Biwa*.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 47

Genus: GNATHOPOGON Bleeker.

70.—Gnathopogon gracilis (Temminck & Schlegel) ... Mugitsuki.

(Barbus homozonus Gunther.)

Near Nagasaki.

71.—Gnathopogon elongatus (Temminck & Schlegel.)

(Barbus homogenes Günther.)

Lake Biwa*; Nagasaki.

Genus: ACHEILOGNATHUS Bleeker.

(Paracheilognathus! Bleeker.)

72.—Acheilognathus lanceolatum (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Zako.

(A. malanogastrum Bleeker.)

Near Nagasaki; Lake Biwa.*

73.—Acheilognathus limbatum (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Tanago.

Near Nagasaki. Perhaps same as the next.

74.—Acheilognathus intermedium (Schlegel.) ... ... ... Tanago.

Lake Biwa*; Bizen; Matsubara.

75.—Acheilognathus rhombeum (Temminck & Schlegel) ... Tabira ;

Bote; Tanago.

(Acheilognathus steenackeri Sauvage.)

Yokohama; Lake Biwa.*

Genus: BARILIUS Bleeker.

76.—Barilius platypus (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Oikawa, Hae.

(Leuciscus minor Temminck & Schlegel.)

Hakone; Otsu; Lake Biwa*.

77.—Barilius temmincki (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Kawamutsu.

Hakone; Otsu; Lake Biwa.*

78.—Barilius sieboldi (Temminck & Schlegel.)

Nagasaki.

Genus: OPSARIICTHYS Bleeker.

79.—Opsariicthys uncirostris (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... ... Hasu.

Nagahama; Lake Biwa.*

i The type of Paracheilognathus (rhombeus) has barbels like the other species of Achei-

lognathus, from which it does not differ generically.

48 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Genus: PSEUDORASBORA Bleeker.

80.—Pseudorasbora parya (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Moroko, Haya.

(Pseudorasbora pusilla Temminck & Schlegel.)

Lake Biwa*; Otsu; Maebara; Matsubara.

Genus: OTAKIA Jordan & Snyder.

81.—Otakia rasborina Jordan & Snyder.

Lake Biwa*.

Genus: LEUCISCUS Cuvier.

(Squaluis Bonaparte; Phorinus Rafinesque)

82.—Leuciscus hakuensis (Ginther.) ... ... ... Ugui, Akahara.

(Leuciscus hakonensis Ishikawa.)

Otsu; Lake Hakone; Hakodate; Yokohama;

Lake Biwa; throughout Japan.

83.—Leuciscus cærulescens (Sauvage.)

Lake Biwa.

84.—Leuciscus japonicus (Sauvage.)

Lake Biwa.

85.—Leuciscus steindachneri (Sauvage.)

Lake Biwa.

Genus: PSEUDOPERILAMPUS Bleeker.

86.—Pseudoperilampus typus Bleeker. ... Zenitanago, Nigabuna..

Yokohama.

Genus: TRIBOLODON Sauvage.

87.—Tribolodon punctatus (Sauvage.)

Lake Biwa.

Genus: ISCHIKAVIA! Jordan & Snyder.

88.—Ischikavia steenackeri (Sauvage.) ... Wadaka, Watako, Umano.

Lake Biwa*; Yamato.

1 This genus, named fpr Professor C. IsHIKAwWA of the Imperial Museum of Tokyo is

closely allied to the Chinese genus Xenocypris, differing in having but four teeth

in the main row and in having the dorsal which has a stiff spine in front, inserted

behind the ventral.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 49

Order: APODES?.

Sub-order: ENCHELYCEPHALI.

Family XXV.—LEPTOCEPHALIDE.

Genus: LEPTOCEPHALUS Gmelin.

(Conger Cuvier.)

89.—Leptocephalus japonicus (Bleeker)

Kobe; Nagasaki.

90.—Leptocephalus marginatus (Valenciennes)

Nagasaki.

91.—Leptocephalus myriaster (Brevoort)

Yokohama* ; Hakodate.

Genus GNATHOPHIS Kaup.

92.—Gnathophis heterognathus (Bleeker)

Nagasaki.

Genus: CONGRELLUS Ogilby.

93.—Congrellus anago (Temminck & Schlegel)... ... ... ...Anago

Nagasaki.

94.—Congrellus megastomus (Günther)

Enoshima.

95.—Congrellus meeki Jordan & Snyder.

Yokohama*.

Genus: OXYCONGER Blecker.

96.—Oxyconger leptognathus Bleeker.

Nagasaki.

2 Order SYMBRANCHIA.

Family MONOPTERIDA.

Genus: MONOPTERUS Lacépède.

Monopterus albus (Zuieuw.)

(Monopterus juvanensis Lacépède).

“ Japan.”

50 D. S. JORDAN AND J. 0. SNYDER.

Family XXVI.—SYNAPHOBRANCHIDE.

Genus: HISTIOBRANCHUS Gill.

97.—Histiobranchus bathybius (Gunther)

Deep sea off Yokohama.

Genus: SYNAPHOBRANCHUS Johnson.

98.—Synaphobranchus affinis Günther

Deep sea off Yokohama* ; Enoshima.

Family XXVEII.—NETTASTOVATIDE.

Genus: NETTASTOMA Rafinesque.

99.—Nettastoma parviceps Gunther

Deep sea.

Family XXAXVIET.—UR-ENESOCID.E.

Genus: MURÆNESOX McClelland.

100.--Murænesox cinereus (Forskäl)

(Conger hamo Temminck & RIO

Murænesox bagio Peters.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki; Shimoda; Osaka.

Family XXIX.—OPHICHTHYIDE.

Genus: MYSTRIOPHIS Kaup.

101.—Mystriophis rostellatus (Richardson.)

(Ophisurus porphyreus Temminck & Schlegel.)

Nagasaki.

Genus: OPHICHTHUS Abl.

102.—Ophichthus urolophus (Temminck & Schlegel.)

Nagasaki.

1 Genus: MYRICHTHYS Girard

Myrichthys colubrinus (Boddaert)

Japan (Bleeker).

Genus: BRACHYSOMOPHIS Bleeker.

Brachysomophis crocodilinus (Bennett)

“Japan.”

Hamo.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 51

103.—Ophichthus stenopterus Cope.

“ Japan.”

104.—Ophichthus cephalozonus Bleeker.

‘ Japan.”

Genus: OXYSTOMUS Rafinesque.

105.—Oxystomus macrorhynchus (Bleeker) ... ... .... Umihebv.

(Ophisurus serpens Temminck & Schlegel, probably not of Linnæus.)

Nagasaki.

MY RIDE.

Genus: MYRUS Cuvier.

106. Myrus uropterus Temminck & Schlegel.

Nagasaki.

Family XXX.

Family XXXI—ANGUILLID Æ.

Genus: ANGUILLA Thunberg.

107.—Anguilla japonica Temminck & Schlegel. ... ... ... Unagn.

Nagasaki; Arai; Yokohama*; Suwa.

Sub-order COLOCEPHALI.!

Family XXXII.—MURÆNIDE.

Genus: LYCODONTIS? McClelland.

108—Lycodontis reticularis (Bloch)

(Murena minor (Temminck & Schlegel) ).

Nagasaki

109.—Lycodontis nubilus (Richardson) ... ... Utsubo, Kidako,

Kichigaiunagt.

(Gymnothorax similis Richardson; Murena kidako Temminck &

Schlegel; Murena albimarginata Temwmiuck & Schlegel.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

1 Family MORINGUIDA.

Genus: MORINGUA Gray.

(Aphthalmichthys Kaup.)

Moringua javanica (Kaup).

Japan.

2 Lycodontis reevesi (Richardson).

“ Japan.”

Lycodontis hepaticus (Rüppell)

“ Japan.”

or

bo

D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

110.—Lycodontis microzewskii (Steindachner.)

Kobe.

111.—Lycodontis pardalis (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... ... Kidako,

Nagasaki.

Order: ISOSPONDYLI.

Family XXXIIX.-PTEROTHRISSID AE.

Genus: PTEROTHRISSUS Hilgendorf.

(Bathythrissa Gunther.)

112 —Pterothrissus gissu Hilgendorf. ... ... ... Kisu, Okigisu.

(Bathythrissa dorsalis Gunther.)

Deep water; Enoshima, Yokohama*.

Family XXXIV.—-ALBULIDE.

Genus: ALBULA (Gronow) Scopoli.

113.—Albula vulpes (Linneus.) ... …. …. ... Chosenkamasu.

Cosmopolitan. Recorded by BLEEKER and STEIN-

DACHNER from Japan.

Family XXXV.—ELOPID®.

Genus: ELOPS Linneus.

114.—Elops machnata Rüppell. ... ... ... Iganowo, Okikonoshiro.

Nagasaki; Ryükyü Isl.

Family XXX VI.—CHIROCENTRIDE.

Genus: CHIROCENTRUS Cuvier.

115.—Chirocentrus dorab (Forskäl).

Nagasaki.

1 Family CHANIDÆ.

Genus: CHANOS Lacépéde.

Chanos chanos Forskäl.

(Chanos salmoneus Forster.)

Open Pacific; Japan? Liukiu (KIsHINOUYE).

FISHES OF JAPAN. Do

Family XXXVIL.—DOROSOMATIDE.

Genus: KONOSIRUS! Jordan & Snyder.

116.—Konosirus punctatus (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Konoshiro.

Yokohama* ; Nagasaki; Kobe.

117.—Konosirus nasus (Bloch.)

Japan (Bleeker).

Family XXXViI0—CLUPEID.E.

Genus: ETRUMEUS Bleeker.

118 —Etrumeus micropus (Temminck & Schlegel) ... Urumeiwaski.

Nagasaki.

Genus: SPRATELLOIDES Bleeker.

119.—Spratelloides gracilis (Temminck & Schlegel.) Kibunaiwashi.

S. E. Japan.

Genus: CLUPANODON Lacépède.

(Sardimia Poey)

120.—Clupanodon melanostictus (Temminck & Schlegel) ... Iwashi.

Yokohama* ; Nagasaki.

Genus: SARDINELLA Cuvier & Valenciennes.

(Kowala Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

121.—Sardinella zunasi (Bleeker) ... ... ... ... Sappa, Zunashi.

(Clupea kowal Temminck & Schlegel, not of C. & V.)

Yokohama *; Nagasaki; Umura.

Genus: ILISHA Gray.

(Pellona Cuvier.)

122.—Tlisha elongata (Bennett) ... ... ... Hirakonoshiro, Hira.

(Clupea melanostoma Temminck & Schlegel, |

Pellona schlegeli Bleeker.)

Nagasaki; Yokohama; Ariakenoumi.

1 Konoshirus (Japanese name Konoshiro) differs from Dorosoma in the large mouth,

very much longer gill rakers, the very low anal and other characters.

2 Genus: CLUPEA Linnæus.

CiunempallasnOumer &Nalenciennes M. a... Were ANT easy Sees hostiles tes Nishin.

Kurile Islands; Common in Yeso and south to Mito (OTAKI; KISHINOUYE).

54 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Family XXXIX.—ENGRAULIDE.

Genus: COILIA Gray.

(Mystus Lacépede, not Scopoli.)

123.—Coilia nasus Temminck & Schlegel. ... ... ... ... Etsu.

Nagasaki; Ariakenoumi.

Genus: STOLEPHORUS : Lacépède.

124.—Stolephorus japonicus (Houttuyn)

Japan.

Genus: ENGRAULIS Cuvier.

125.—Engraulis japonicus Temminck & Schlegel. ... Shiko, Izasa.

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

Family XL.—HALOSAURID.E.

Genus: HALOSAURUS Johnson.

126.—Halosaurus affinis Gunther.

S. Japan. Deep water.

Family XLL—-ARGENTINIDE.

Genus: OSMERUS Cuvier.

127.—Osmerus dentex Steindachner.

Yokohama* ; Decastris Bay.

Genus: MESOPUS Gill.

(Hypomesus Gill.)

128.—Mesopus olidus (Pallas.) ... ... ... ... Wakasagi, Chika.

(Osmerus japonicus Brevoort.)

Hakodate; Kurile Islands; Mito.

Family XLII. SALMONID..

Genus: Oncorhynchus Suckley.

129.—Oncorhynchus nerka (Walbaum.)

Kamchatka*; Kuriles; North Japan.

1 Stolephorus indicus (Bleeker.)

(Stolephorus russelli Bleek.)

India; Japan.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 55

130.—Oncorhynshus tshawytscha (Walbaum) ... ... ... ... Sake.

(Salmo orientalis and S. japonensis Pallas, Salmo masou

Brevoort; Oncorhynchus haberi Hilgendorf; Oncorhynchus

yessoensis Hilgendorf.)

North Nippon; Yeso; Hakodate; Kamchatka.

121.—Oncorhynchus macrostomus! (Günther)... ... ... ... Masu.

(Oncorhynchus perryi Hilgendorf, not of Brevoort?)

Hakodate ; Lake Biwa.

132.—Oncorhynchus blackistoni (Hilgendorf). ... ... ... Ito-wwo.

Rivers of Japan.

Genus: SALMO Linnæus.

as Salmo perry. (Brevoort,)) OM nn! 24 menouwo.

Hakodate; Lake Biwa.

Genus: SALVELINUS Richardson.

134.—Salvelinus pluvius (Hilgendorf).

Mount Nikko.

135.—Salvelinus kundsha (Walbaum).

(Salmo leucomanis Pallas.)

Hakodate; Kamchatka*.

Genus: PLECOGLOSSUS Temminck & Schlegel.

136.—Plecoglossus altivelis Temminck & Schlegel. Rares eee

Matsubara; Maebara; Lake Biwa*,

Family XLIIL.—SALANGIDE.

Genus: SALANX? Cuvier.

(Leucosoma Gray.)

137.—Salanx microdon Bleeker. ... ... ... ... .... Shirauwo.

Rivers about Tokyo*.

1 This species is very close to Oncorhynchus kisutch of Bering Sea, appırently differing

only in the absence of the black bar across top of dorsal and of dark shades on the

caudal,

2 Salanx chinensis Osbeck.

(Leucosoma reevesi Gray, Salana cuvieri Cuv. & Val,)

Macao, China, &c; not definitely recorded from Japan.

56 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER

138.—Salanx hyalocranius Abbott.

(Eperlanus chinensis Basilewsky)

Tien-tsin*; China; near Seoul, Corea (K. Irzawa,

probably not in Japan).

Family XLIV.—GONORHYNCHIDE

Genus: GONORHYNCHUS Temminck & Schlegel.

139.—Gonorhynchus abbreviatus Temminck & Schlegel. u. Gisu:

Nedsumiguchi.

Nagasaki.

Order INIOMI.

Family ALV.—AULOPODID-E.

Genus: AULOPUS

140.—Aulopus japonicus Günther. sta Se Hime, Olanodoro!

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Family XLVI. -SYNODONTIDA.

Genus: HARPODON Le Sueur.

141.—Harpodon microchir Günther. RR SO LEHE

Japan: Awa.

Genus: SAURIDA Cuvier & Valenciennes.

142.—Saurida argyrophanes (Richardson.) ... ee ee es

(Aulopus elongatus Temminck & a)

Nagasaki; Yokohama*.

143.—Saurida tumbil (Bloch)

Kagoshima; Kobe.

Genus: SYNODUS (Gronow) Scopoli.

(Saurus Cuvier.)

144.—Synodus varius (Lacépéde) ... ... Hirakuchieso, Toraeso.

—1

cr

FISHES OF JAPAN.

(Saurus lucius Temminck & Schlegel.)

Yokohama; Shimabara.

Genus: TRACHINOCEPHALUS Gill.

145.—Trachinocephalus trachinus Schlegel. Da Pie OSO.

(Saurus myons Bloch & Schneider; Saurus limbatus

Eydoux & Souleyet.)

Yokohama*, Nagasaki.

Family XLVII. STOMIATID.I.

Genus: LUCIFER Döderlein

146.—Lucifer albipinnis Döderlein.

Enoshima.

Family XLWill.—_ PLAGYODONTIDE.

Genus: PLAGYODUS (Steller) Pallas.

(Alepisaurus Lowe)

147.—Plagyodus ferox (Lowe.)

(Perhaps distinct from the Atlantic species called feror.

Yokohama.

Family XLIX.—STERNOPTYCHIDE,

Genus: STERNOPTYX Herrmann.

148.—Sternoptyx diaphana Herrmann.

Open sea: Off Yeso*.

Order: HAPLOMI.

Family L.—P<ECILEIDE.

Genus: APLOCHEILUS McClelland.

(Panchax Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

149.—Aplocheilus latipes (Temminck & Schlegel) ... ... Medaka.

Yokohama*; In streams and rice fields.

58 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O SNYDER.

Genus: FUNDULICHTHYS Bleeker.

150.—Fundulichthys virescens (Temminck & Schlegel) ... Akitabira,

Omedaka.

Streams of Nagasaki.

Order: LOPHOBRANCHII.

Family LI.—SYGNATHIDE.

Genus: GASTROTOKEUS Heckel.

151.—Gastrotokeus biaculeatus Heckel.

Japan (Bleeker); Myako Isl.

Genus: HALICAMPUS Kaup.

152.—Halicampus koilomatodon Blecker.

Nagasaki; Yokohama.

Genus: SIPHOSTOMA Rafinesque.

(Sygnathus Gunther, not of Rafinesque.)

153.—Siphostoma schlegeli (Kaup) ... ... ... ... ... Yojiuwo.

(Sygnathus tenuirostris Temminck & Schlegel, not of Rathke.)

Nagasaki ; Tokyo*.

Genus: TRACHYRHAMPUS Kaup.

154.—Trachyrhampus serratus (Temminck & Schlegel.)

Nagasaki.

155.—Trachyrhampus intermedius Kaup.

Japan.

Genus: ACENTRONURA Kaup.

156.—Acentronura gracillima (Temminck & Schlegel.)

Nagasaki.

Genus: HIPPOCAMPUS Rafinesque.

157.—Hippocampus mohnikei Bleeker. ... Tatsuno-otoshigo, Umiuma.

Kaminoseki.

158.—Hippocampus longirostris Temmiuck & Schlegel. ... ... Ditto.

Nagasaki.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 5¢

159.—Hippocampus hystrix Kaup.... ... Tatsuno-otoshigo, Umiuma.

Japan.

160.—Hippocampus kuda Bleeker, ... 244 …. 1. .… …. Dütto.

Japan.

161.—Hippocampus japonicus Kaup.... ... ... ... .…. ... Ditto.

Japan.

162.—Hippocampus coronatus Temminck & Schlegel. ... ... Ditto.

Nagasaki ; Yokohama*.

Order: HEMIBRANCHII.

Family LIT.-AULORHYNCHID.E.

Genus: AULICHTHYS Brevoort.

163.—Aulichthys japonicus Brevoort.

Yokohama*.

Family Lili.—FISTULARIIDE.

Genus: FISTULARIA Linneus.

164.—Fistularia depressa Ginther.

Yokohama.

165.—Fistularia petimba Lacépède. ... ... ... ... ... Yagara,

(Fistularia serrata Cuvier; Fistularia immaculata Cuvier.)

Yokohama}.

Family LIV.-AULOSTOMIDE.

Genus: AULOSTOMUS Lacépède.

166.—Aulostomus chinensis Lacépéde.

Chinese Sea; recorded by Bleeker from Japan.

Family LV.—- MACRORHAMPHOSIDE.

Genus: MACRORHAMPHOSUS Lacépéde.

(Centriscus Cuvier.)

167.—Macrorhamphosus japonicus Günther. ... ... ... Sagifue.

Yokohama*: Tango.

60 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Family LVI.—GASTEROSTEIDE.

Genus: GASTEROSTEUS! (Artedi) Linnens.

163 —Gasterosteus japonicus Stzindachner. ... ... ... Togeuwo.

Yokohama*,

Group: AMMODYTOIDEI.

Family LVIE.—-AMMODYTIDE.

Genus: HYPOPTYCHUS Günther.

169. —Hypoptychus dybowskii Steindachner.

N. Japan.

Order: SYNENTOGNATHI.

Family LVIEEL.—EXOCODETIDE.

Genus: CYPSELURUS Swainson.

170.—Cypselurus doderleinii (Steindachner) ... ... ... Tobisuwa.

Yokohama*.

171.—Cypselurus agoo (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... ... Tobinouwo.

Nagasaki; Yokohama*.

Family LIX.—-HEMIRAMPHIDE.

Genus: HYPORHAMPHUS?® Gill.

72.—Hyporhamphus occipitalis (Gill.)

Japan.

173,—Hyporhamphus sajori (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... ... Sayori.

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

Family LX.—SCOMBERESOCID.E.

Genus: COLOLABIS Gill.

174.—Cololabis saira (Brevoort) ... ... ... ... ... ... Samma.

Japan.

1 Gasterostens cataphractus Pallas. ... ... ide.) yess) Ses) = Eve) sapere COMAPI:

(Gasterosteus obolarius Cuvier & AR NE

Kamchatka*; Kuriles*,

2 Hyporhamplus! japonicus, (Brevoort), e RE LPO

Liu-kiu Islands.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 61

Genus: SCOMBRESOX Lacépède.

175.—Scombresox forsteri Cuvier & Valenciennes.

Nagasaki; recorded by Nystrom as Scombresox saurus.

Family LXI.-ESOID,E.

Genus: TYLOSURUS Cocco.

176.—Tylosurus anastomella (Cuvier & Valenciennes.) ... Datsu.

Yokohama*.

177.—Tylosurus schismatorhynchus (Bleeker). ... ... ... Datsu.

(Belone gracilis Schlegel ; not of Lowe.)

Nagasaki.

178.—Tylosurus giganteus (Temminck & Schlegel.)... ... Okizayori.

(Belone annulata Cuv & Val.)

Nagasaki.

Order: ACANTHOPTERI.

Sub-order: PERCESOCES.

Family LXII—SPHYRÆNIDEÆ.

Genus: SPHYRÆNA Cuvier.

179.—Sphyrena jello Cuvier & Valenciennes,

Nagasaki.

180.—Sphyreena japonica Cuvier & Valenciennes.

Yokohama* ; Nagasaki.

181.—Sphyræna nigripinnis Temminck & Schlegel.

Nagasaki.

182.—Sphyræna schlegeli Steindachner. ... ... ... ... Kamasu.

(Sphyrena obtusata Schlegel ; not of Cuv. & Val.)

Nagasaki; Yokohama; Okayama; Awaji.

Family LXIII—ATHERINIDXÆ.

Genus: ATHERINA Linneus.

183.—Atherina bleekeri Günther. .. ... ... ... ... Geniwashi.

(Atherina japonica Bleeker; not of Houttuyn.)

Chinese Sea ; recorded from Tokyo by Steindachner.

62 D. S JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

184.—Atherina valenciennesii Bleeker.

Java; Singapore; Padang; recorded from Nagasaki

by Nystrom.

Family LXIV.—MUGALIDEÆ.

Genus: MUGIL Linneus.

185.—Mugil cur Forskäl. 2.3 ER

(Mugil cephalotus Cuvier; Mugil japonicus Temminck &

Schlegel.)

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

Bora.

186.—Mugil hæmatochilus T’emminck & Schlegel. ... ... Menada,

Karasumibora.

(Mugil joyneri Gunther)

Yokohama* ; Hakodate*; Nagasaki.

Group: BERYCODEI.

Family LXV.—MONOCENTRIDÆ.

Genus: MONOCENTRIS Bloch & Schneider.

187.—Monocentris japonisus Houttuyn. Matsukasauwo, Taimuko-no-

genpachi.

Nagasaki; Shimoda; Kaminoseki; Yokohama*;

Enoshima; Kanagawa.

Family LXVI.-BERYCIDZA.

Genus: BERYX Cuvier.

188.—Beryx decadactylus Cuvier. Kimmedai.

Yokohama.

189.—Beryx splendens Lowe. ... Kimmedai.

Yokohama*; also in deep waters of the Atlantic, the

Japanese specimens a little more slender than those

of the Mediterranean.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 63

Genus: HOPLOSTETHUS Cuvier & Valenciennes.

190.—Hoplostethus japonicus Hilgendorf. ... ... + Hiuchidai.

Yokohama; (perhaps same as the European Hoplo-

stethus mediterraneus.)

Genus: TRACHICHTHYS Cuvier.

191.—Trachichthys japonicus Dôderlein.

Yokohama ; in deep water.

Family LXVII.-—HOLOCENTRIDÆ.

Genus: HOLOCENTRUS! (Gronow) Scopoli.

192.—Holocentrus spinosissimus Temminck & Schlegel. ... Jétodai.

Nagasaki; Liu-kiu Islands.

Genus: MYRIPRISTIS Cuvier.

193.—Myripristis japonicus (Cuvier & Valenciennes) ... ... Kindai,

Nishikidat.

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

Family. LXVillt.—POLY™MIXIID®.

Genus: POLYMIXIA Lowe.

194.—Polymixia japonica Günther. ... ... ... ... .… Gimme.

Yokohama.

Family LXEIX.—SCOMBRIDÆE.

Genus: SCOMBER Linneus.

192==Scombercolas GmMcliigec:. fees na 0... a Saba.

(Scomber auratus Houttuyn; Scomber japonicus Hout-

tuyn; Scomber pneumatophorus major & minor Schlegel ;

Scomber saba Bleeker (=major Schlegel) ; Scomber janesabo

Bleeker (=minor Schlegel); Scomber tapeinocephalus ;

1 Holocentrus ruber Forskäl.

(Holocentrus alborubrum Lacépède)

LE] Japan LE

64 D. S. JORDAN AND J. UV. SNYDER.

Bleeker ; Scomber pneumatophorus De la Roche.)

Yokohama* ; Hakodate; "Tango; Nagasaki.

Genus: AUXIS Cuvier.

196.—Auxis tapeinosoma Bleeker. ... ... ... ... Sodagatsuwo.

(Perhaps identical with Auxis rochei of the Atlantic.)

Yokohama* ; Nagasaki.

Genus: GYMNOSARDA Gill.

197.—Gymnosarda affinis Cantor. ... ... + v2» Katsuwo.

(Not evidently different from G. allie (L) of the Atlantic)

Yokohama* ; Tosa; Satsuma; Hakodate.

198.—Gymnosarda alleterata (Rafinesque).

Yokohama.

Genus: THUNNUS South.

(Orcynus Cuvier; Thynnus Cuvier.)

199.—Thunnus schlegeli (Steindachner)... ... ... ... Mejimaguro.

Yokokama*.

Genus: GERMO Jordan.

200.—Germo sibi (Temminck & Schiegel.) ... ... ... o... o... Sidi

Nagasaki.

201.—Germo macropterus (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Kihadamaguro.

Nagasaki.

Genus: SARDA Cuvier.

(Pelamys Cuvier ; name preoccupied)

202.—Sarda orientalis (Temminck & Schlegel) ... ... Sujigatsuwo.

Tokyo; Nagasaki.

Genus: SCOMBEROMORUS Lacépède.

203.—Scomberomorus sinensis (Lacépède) ... Sawara, Okizawara.

(Cybium chinensis Temminck & Schlegel ;

Cybium niphonium Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

Shikoku; Nagasaki; Tokyo; Tango; Shidsuoka;

Okayama; Tshi-fu.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 65

Family LXX.—GEMPYLID®.!

Genus: GEMPYLUS Cuvier & Valenciennes.

204.—Gempylus coluber (Cuvier & Valenciennes).

(Perhaps identical with G. serpens of the Atlantic).

Yokohama.

Genus: PROMETHEICHTHYS Gill.

205.—Prometheichthys solandri (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Kurotatsu.

(Perhaps identical with P. prometheus of the Atlantic)

Yokohama.

Genus: RUVETTUS Cocco.

206.—Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco. ... ... ... Harimutsu, Sugizame.

Yokohama.

Family LXXi.—LEPIDOPODID.

Genus: LEPIDOPUS Gouan.

207.—Lepidopus tenuis Gunther,

Enoshima.

Family LXXIL.—TRICHIURIDFE.

Genus: TRICHIURUS Linneus.

208.—Trichiurus haumela Forskäl. ... ... ... ... Tachinouwo.

Yokohama ; Kagoshima ; Kochi.

209.—Trichiurus japonicus Temminck & Schlegel.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Family EXXIIK.-ISTIOPHORIDE.

Genus: ISTIOPHORUS Lacépède.

210-—Istiophorus orientalis Temminck & Schlegel.

Nagasaki.

1 Genus: ACANTHOCYBIUM Gill.

Acanthocybium solandri (Cuvier & Valenciennes)

(Cybium sara Bleeker)

Liu-kiu Islands.

66 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Family LXXIV.-CARANGIDA.

Genus: SCOMBEROIDES Lacépéde.

(Chorinemus Cuvier).

211.—Scomberoides tol (Cuvier & Valenciennes).

Nagasaki.

212.—Scomberoides orientalis (Temminck & Schlegel).

Nagasaki.

213.—Scomberoides sanctipetri (Cuvier & Valenciennes).

Nagasaki.

Genus: NAUCRATES Rafinesque.

(Nauclerus Cuvier.)

214.—Naucrates ductor (Linneus).... ... ... ... ...Shimazawara.

(Naucrates indicus Cuvier & Valenciennes).

Open sea ; Kadsusa.

Genus: SERIOLA Cuvier.

(Zonichthys Swainson; Halatractus Guill).

215.—Seriola quinqueradiata Temminck & Schlegel. ... Buri, Inada,

Warasa.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

216.—Seriola aureovittata Temminck & Schlegel. ... ... Hiradsu.

Nagasaki.

217.—Seriola purpurascens Temminck & Schlegel. Kanpachi, Shiwo,

Hiramasa.

(Seriola dumerili Steindachner ; not of Risso).

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

218.—Seriola intermedia Temminck & Schlegel.

Nagasaki,

219.—Seriola cristata Döderlein.

Yokohama.

Genus: ELAGATIS Bennett.

(Seriolichthys Bleeker; Decaptus Poey.)

FISHES OF JAPAN. 67

220.—Elagatis bipinnulatus (Quoy & Gaimard).

East Indies ; Nagasaki.

Genus: DECAPTERUS Bleeker.

221.—Decapterus russelli (Ruppell). ... ... ... ... ... Maruaji.

(Carana kurra Cuv. & Valenciennes; Caranx maruadsi Temminck

& Schlegel; Decapterus kurroides Bleeker).

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

222.—Decapterus muroadsi (Temminck & Schlegel). ... ... Muroaji.

Nagasaki ; Yokohama.

Genus: TRACHURUS Rafinesque,

223.—Trachurus japonicus Temminck & Schlegel.... ... ... Maaji.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Genus: TRACHUROPS Gill.

224.—Trachurops crumenophthalmus (Bloch).

Yokohama*.

Genus: CARANX Lacepede.

225. —Caranz torvus Jenyns. ... .. ... …. nen Meagi.

Nagasaki ; Yokohama.

226.—Caranx equula Temminck & Schlegel. ... ... ... Hiraaji.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

227.—Caranx delicatissimus Döderlein. ... ... ... ... Shimaaji.

Yokohama.

228. —Caranx flavoceruleus Schlegel. ... ... ... ... Jingameaji.

Yokohama.

229.—Caranx latus Agassiz.

(Caranz heberi (Bennett)).

Yokohama.

230.—Caranx hippos (Linnæus.) ... ... ... ... ... Jingameaji.

Yokohama.

68 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Genus: CITULA Cuvier.

231.—Citula armata (Rüppell)

Nagasaki,

Genus: ALECTIS Rafinesque.

(Blephuris Cuvier).

232.—Alectis ciliaris (Bloch) ... ... ... … «. Kanzashidat.

(Scyris or Blepharis indicus of authors).

Nagasaki.

Genus: TRACHINOTUS Lacépéde.

233.—Trachinotus melo Richardson.

China and Japan.

Family LXXV.—RACHYCENTRIDÆ.

Genus: RACHYCENTRON Kaup.

(Elacate Cuvier.)

234.—Rachycentron pondicerrianum (Cuvier & Valenciennes). ... ...

Sugi, Misakishiira.

(Elacate bivittata Cuvier & Valenciennes).

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

Family LXXWi.—_LEIOGNATHIDZ.

Genus: LEIOGNATHUS Lacépède.

(Equula Cuvier).

235.—Leiognathus nuchale (Temminck & Schlegel). ... ... Gicht.

Yokohama*.

236.—Leiognathus rivulatum (Temminck & Schlegel). ... Hosogichi.

Yokohama*.

337.—Leiognathus lineolatum (Cuvier & Valenciennes).

Nagasaki.

Family LXXVII.-—CORYPHÆNIDZÆ.

Genus: CORYPHZENA Linnaeus.

238.--Coryphena hippurus Linneus. ... ... ... Shira, Toyaku.

(Coryphena japonica Temminck & Schlegel).

Yokohama*.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 69

Family LXXVIILLI.-LAMPRIDSE.

Genus: LAMPRIS Retzius.

239.—Lampris luna (Gmelin) ... ... ... Mandai, Akamanbodai,

Ebosudai.

Yokohama.

Family LXXIX.—-PTERACLIDIDE.

Genus: CENTROPHOLIS Hilgendorf.

240.—Centropholis petersii Hilgendorf.

Enoshima.

Family LXXX—-BRAMIDE.

Genus: BRAMA Bloch & Schneider.

241.—Brama rajii Bloch. Ye Shimagatsuwo.

Yokohama. Also in the Atlantic.

242.—Brama japonica Hilgendorf.

Yokohama.

Genus: TARACTES Lowe.

(Argo Döderlein.)

243.—Taractes steindachneri (Döderlein) ... ... ... ... Manzai.

Yokohama ; perhaps identical with 7. longipinnis Jiowe

of the Atlantic.

Family LXXXI—VELIFERIDÆ.

Genus: VELIFER Temminck & Schlegel.

244.—Velifer hypselopterus Bleeker.

Japan.

Family LXXXII.—- WMENIDE.

Genus: Mene Lacépède.

245.—Mene maculata Bloch & Schneider. ... ... ... Ginkagami.

(Mene anna-carolina Lacépède.)

Nagasaki.

70 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Family LXXXIIL—STROMATEIDA:..

Genus: APOLECTUS Cuvier & Valenciennes.

346.—Apolectus niger (Bloch)

Nagasaki.

Genus: STROMATEOIDES Bleeker.

247.—Stromateoides argenteus (Euphrasen) ... ... Managatsuwo.

(Stromuteoides aculeatus (Bloch & Schneider) ;

Stromateus punctatissimus Temminck & Schlegel.)

Nagasakı ; China*.

Genus: PSENOPSIS Gill.

248.—Psenopsis anomalus (Temminck & Schlegel)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Genus: CENTROLOPHUS Lacépéde.

249.—Centrolophus japonisus Döderlein. ... ... ... ... Medai.

Yokohama.

Family LXXXIV._NOMEIDA.

Genus: LABRACOGLOSSA Peters.

(Cypselichthys Steindachner & Döderlein.)

250.—Labracoglossa argentiventris Peters. ... ... | Tacabe.

(Cypselichthys japonicus Steindachner & Déderlein.)

Tokyo.

Family LXXXV__—_PEMPHERIDIDA.

Genus: PEMPHERIS Cuvier & Valenciennes.

251.—Pempheris japonicus Döderlein. ... .. . see +s Agonashn:

(Pempheris molucca Temminck & NE not of Cuvier

& Valenciennes.)

Yokohama.

Genus: PARAPRIACANTHUS Steindachner.

252.—Parapriacanthus ransonnetii Steindachner.

Nagasaki.

r

FISHES OF JAPAN. 1]

Goup: PERCOIDEA.

Family LXXXVi.--CHEILODIPTERIDE.

Genus: ARCHAMIA Gill.

253.—Archamia macroptera (Bleeker)

Kagoshima.

Genus: APOGON Lacepede.

(Amita (Gronow) Bleeker).

254.—Apogon lineatus Temminck & Schlegel. ... ... ... Nebutodai.

Yokohama*; Tshi-fu; Arafura; Nagasaki; Maizuru ;

Kanagawa,

255.—Apogon fasciatus White.

(Apogon novemfasciatus Cuvier; Apogon ellioti Day ;

Apogon arafure Gunther.)

Shikoku ; Kagoshima.

256.—Apogon bifasciatus Rüppell.

Kochi ; Kagoshima.

257.—Apogon nigripinnis Cuvier.

Kochi

258.—Apogon quadrifasciatus Valenciennes.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

259.—Apogon schlegeli Bleeker.

(Apogon novemfasciatus Temminck & Schlegel; not of C. & V.)

Nagasaki.

260.—Apogon semilineatus Temminck & Schlegel. ... ... ... Koichi.

Osima ; Nagasaki; Yokohama ; Kagoshima.

Genus: APOGONICHTHYS Bleeker.

261.—Apogonichthys carinatus (Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

Nagasaki; Yokohama.

262.—Apogonichthys glaga (Bleeker.)

Nagasaki.

72 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Genus: MALAKICHTHYS Déderlein.

263.—Malakichthys griseus Déderlein. ... ... ... ... Kawamebaru.

Yokohama*.

Genus: MELANOSTOMA Döderlein.

264.—Melanostoma japonicum Döderlein. ... Okimutsu, Kuromutsu.

Yokohama.

Genus: SCOMBROPS Temminck & Schlegel.

265.—Scombrops cheilodipteroides Bleeker. ... ... ... ... Mutsu.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki

Genus: CHEILODIPTERUS Lacépède.

266.—Cheilodipterus quinquelineatus Cuvier & Valenciennes.

Kagoshima.

Family LXXXVIE--ACROPOMATIDE,

Genus: ACROPOMA Temminck & Schlegel.

267.—Acropoma japonicum Günther. ... ... … … Tenjikudai.

(Acropoma apogonoides Bleeker.)

Nagasaki.

Family LXXXVIII—SERRANIDÆE.

Genus: LATEOLABRAX Bleeker.

(Percalabrax Giinther.)

268.—Lateolabrax japonicus Cavier & Valenciennes. ... ... Suzuki.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki; Shimoda.

Genus: NIPHON Cuvier & Valenciennes.

269.—Niphon spinosus Cuvier & Valenciennes. ... ... ... ... Ara.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Genus: SINIPERCA Gill.

(Plectroperca Peters).

270.—Siniperca berendti (Peters)

Rivers of Japan; (probably identical with the Chinese

species, Siniperca chuatsi Basilewski).

FISHES OF JAPAN. 73

Genus: BRYTTOSUS! Jordan & Snyder.

271.—Bryttosus kawamebari (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Oyanirami,

Yotsume, Midsukuri.

Nagasaki; River Yanagawa*; Mimasaka; Yamashiro.

Genus: AULACOCEPHALUS Temminck & Schlegel.

272.—Aulacocephalus temmincki Bleeker. ... ... ... Rurihata.

(Aulacocephalus schlegeli Gunther)

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

Genus: MEGAPERCA® Hilgendorf.

273.—Megaperca ischinagi Hilgendorf. ... ... ... Ishinagi, Oiwo.

Yokohama*.

Genus: DIPLOPRION Kuhl & van Hasselt.

274.—Diploprion bifasciatus Kuhl & van Hasselt. … Okimado.

Yokohama; Kagoshima; Nagasaki.

Genus: PLECTROPOMA Cuvier.

(Paracanthistius Bleeker.)

275.—Plectropoma maculatum (Bloch)

(Plectropoma leopardinum Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

Japan.

Genus: EPINEPHELUS Bloch.

276.—Epinephelus akaara (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... ... 0... ...

Adsukihata, Akaara.

Tokyo*; Nagasaki; Osaka.

277.—Epinephelus areolatus (Forska!)

(Serranus angularis Cuvier & Valenciennes; Epinephelus

celebicus Bleeker; Serranus areolatus japonicus Temminck

& Schlegel.)

Oshima; Nagasaki.

1. This genus is allied to Siniperca but with deeper body, much larger cycloid scales, no

true canines and many fine antrorse teeth onthe preopercle. The black flap on the

opercle suggests that seen in the American genus Lepomis (Bryttus), a group of fishes

which may be descended from relatives of Siniperca and Bryttosus.

2. This genus is closely allied to the American genus, Stereolepis, apparently differing

in the very high dorsal spines and in the naked top of the head.

74 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

278.—Epinephelus awoara (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... ... Awo-ara.

(Mycteroperca dermoptera Temminck & Schlegel.)

Nagasaki; Liu-Kiu Islands.

279.—Epinephelus diacanthus (Cuvier & Valenciennes)

(Epinephalus trimaculatus Bleeker ; Serranus fasciatoma-

culatus Peters.)

Nagasaki; Yokohama.

280.—Epinephelus fasciatus (Forskäl) ... ... ... … Akahata.

(Serranus tsimenara Temminck & Schlegel; Epinephalus

marginalis Bloch.)

Nagasaki; Shimoda; Yokohama*; Kochi.

281.—Epinephelus latifasciatus (Temminck & Schlegel)

(? Serranus epistictus Temminck & Schlegel.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

282.—Epinephelus nebulosus (Cuvier & Valenciennes)...

(Serranus moara Temminck Schlegel.) Najasahi, Mo-ara.

Nagasaki.

283.—Epinephelus morrhua (Cavier & Valenciennes). Fuka, Iyagobata.

(Serranus pecilonotus Temminck & Schlegel; Serranus brun-

neus Steindachner & Döderlein)

Nagasaki.

284.—Epinephelus tauvina (Froskäl)

(Serranus semipunctatus (Cuvier & Valenciennes).)

Japan.

285.—Epinephelus sexfasciatus.

Arafura.

286.—Epinephelus maculatus Bloch.

South Japan.

287.—Epinephelus septemfasciatus (Thunberg) .. ... Hakamaara.

(Serranus octocinctus Temminck & Schlegel ; Plectropoma

susuki Cuvier & Valenciennes), ©

Yokohama*; Kagoshima; Nagasaki.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 75

288.—Epinephelus trimaculatus' (Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

(Serranus ura (Cuvier & Valenciennes).)

Yokohama*.

Genus: CHELIDOPERCA Boulenger.

289.—Chelidoperca hirundinacea (Cuvier & Valenciennes.) Himekodat.

Nagasaki; Yokohama; Arafura.

Genus: CAPRODON Temminck & Schlegel.

(Neoanthias Castlenau.)

290.—Caprodon schlegeli Günther. ... ... ... ... ... Akasagi.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Genus: ANTHIAS Bloch.

291.—Anthias margaritaceus Hilgendorf. ... ... Akasagi, Sakuradai.

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

Genus: PSEUDANTHIAS Bleeker.

292.—Pseudanthias japonicus Dôderlein. ... ... ... ... Akahata.

Yokohama.

Genus: CORUSCULUS® Jordan & Snyder.

293.—Corusculus berycoides Hilgendorf.

Yokohama.

Genus: PIKEA Steindachner.

294.—Pikea maculata Steindachner & Déderlein.

Yokohama.

Genus: LABRACOPSIS Steindachner & Dôderlein.

295.—Labracopsis japonicus Döderlein.

Yokohama*.

1. Epinephelus wrodelus (Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

Liu-Kiu Islands.

Epinephelus merra.

Liu-Kiu.

2. This genus, Coruscuius, is somewhnt allied to Anthias from which it differs

in the very short dorsal (D. IX, 10) and low fins.

76 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Family LXXXIX.—LUTIANIDE.

Genus: LUTIANUS Bloch,

(Mesoprion Cuvier & Valenciennes ; Diacope Cuvier & Va-

lenciennes ; Genyoroge Cantor.)

296.—Lutianus kasmira (Forskal.)

(Mesoprion octolineatus Temminck & Schlegel ; Holocentrus

quinquelinearis and H. bengalensis Bloch.)

Kagoshima; Nagasaki.

297.—Lutianus annularis (Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

(Lutianus christat Bleeker.)

Nagasaki.

298.—Lutianus russelli (Bleeker.) ... ... ... ... 0... Koshisaki.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

299.—Lutianus sparus (Temminck & Schlegel.)

Nagasaki.

300.—Lutianus rivulatus (Cuvier & Valenciennes.) ... ... Fuyedai.

Yokohama.

301.—Lutianus marginatus (Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

Kagoshima.

302.—Lutianus vitta (Quoy & Gaimard.) ... ... ... ... Kinseüsaki.

Yokohama.

303.—Lutianus timoriensis (Quoy & Gaimard.)

(Diacope calveti Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

‘ Japan.”

304.—Lutianus malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider.)

“ Japan.”

Genus: APRION Cuvier & Valenciennes.

(Chetopterus Temminck & Schlegel.)

305.—Aprion sieboldi Bleeker.

(Aprion dubius Gunther.)

Nagasaki.

FISHES OF JAPAN. Hed

Genus: ETELIS Cuvier.

306 —Etelis carbunculus Cuvier & Valenciennes. oes Ores:

Nagasaki.

Genus: ETELISCUS! Jordan & Snyder.

307.—Eteliscus berycoides (Hilgendorf.) ... ... ... ... Akamutsu.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Genus: GLAUCOSOMA Temminck & Schlegel.

308.—Glaucosoma bürgeri Günther.

Genus: DENTEX Cuvier.

309.—Dentex hypselosomus (Bleeker.)

Nagasaki.

310.—Dentex thunbergi Cuvier & Valenciennes.

Japan.

Genus: NEMIPTERUS? Swainson.

(Synagris Gunther.)

311.—Nemipterus sinensis (Lacépède.) ... ... ... ... ... Itoyori.

(Dentex setigerus Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Genus: GYMNOCRANIUS Bleeker.

312.—Gymnocranius griseus Temminck & Schlegel ... Ebisudai.

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

Genus: DODERLEINIA Steindachner.

313.—Doderleinia orientalis Steindachner.

Yokohama.

1. Ihe genus Eteliscus differs from Etelis in having an opercular spine, as well as

in other characters. It is not closely allied to Etelis and its affinities may be with the

Serranide rather than the Lutianide.

2. Nemipterus japonicus Bloch.

(Dentex blochi) Bleeker.)

Batavia, recorded by Bloch doubttully from Japan

78 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER

Family XC.—HUEMULID®.

Genus: THERAPON Cuvier.

314.—Therapon oxyrhynchus Temminck & Schlegel. ... Shimaisaki.

Nagasaki; Yokohama*; Shimoda.

315.—Therapon quadrilineatus Bloch.

‘ Japan.”

Genus: PARAPRISTIPOMA Bleeker.

316.—Parapristipoma japonicum (Cuvier & Valenciennes) ... Isak.

(Perca trilineata Thunberg; Diagramma japonicum Bleeker.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Genus: PLECTORHYNCHUS Lacépéde.

(Diagramma Cuvier.)

317.—Plectorhynchus pictus (T'hunberg.)

Nagasaki; Yokohama.

318 —Plectorhynchus punctatus (Ehrenberg.) ... ... ... Korodai.

China Sea; Japan-

319.—Plectorhynchus pertusus (Thunberg.)

(Diagramma thunbergi Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

Yokohama.

320.—Plectorhynchus pecilopterus (Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

(Diagramme thunbergi Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

Indies; Japan (Gunther); Yokohama.

321.—Plectorhynchus cinctus (Temminck & Schlegel) ... Koshodai.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki. Shimoda.

Genus: HAPALOGENYS Richardson.

322.—Hapalogenys aculeatus Nystrom.

Nagasaki.

FISHES OF JAPAN,

323.—Hapalogenys maculatus Richardson.

Nagasaki.

324.—Hapalogenys mucronatus (Eydoux & Souleyet)

Osaka; Nagasaki.

325.—Hapalogenys nigripinnis (Temmnick & Schlegel)

Yokohama.

Genus: SCOLOPSIDES Cuvier.

(Scolopsis Cuvier & Valenciennes).

326.—Scolopsides inermis (Temminck & Schlegel)

Nagasaki; Kagoshima.

327.—Scolopsides japonicus (Bloch.)

(Scolopsis kurita Ruppell.)

Japan.

Family XCI—SPARIDE.

Genus: PAGRUS Cuvier & Valenciennes.

328.—Pagrus major (Temminck & Schlegel)

Yokohama* ; Nagasaki.

329.—Pagrus cardinalis (Lacépéde) ...

Yokohama* ; Nagasaki; Oshima.

330.—Pagrus rub:r Döderlein.

Yokohama*.

331.—Pagrus tumifrons (‘Temminck & Schlegel)

Nagasaki,

Genus: SPARUS Linn®us.

(Aurata Risso; Chrysophrys Cuv. & Val.)

332.—Sparus aries (Temmin:k & Schlegel)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki; Tan 0.

Higedai.

Setodai.

Tamagashira.

Odai.

Kasugodai.

Madaı.

Heda.

80 D. S. JORDAN AND J, O. SNYDER.

333.—Sparus schlegeli (Bleeker.) ... Kurodai.

(Chrysophrys hasta Steindachner, not of Bloch & Schneider ;

Sparus datnia Buchanan-Hamilton ; Chrysophrys longi-

spinus Temminck & Schlegel; Chrysophrys zanthopoda

Richardson.)

Yokohama* ; Nagasaki.

Genus: LETHRINUS Cuvier.

334.—Lethrinus hematopterus Temminck & Schlegel .

Liu-Kiu; Nagasaki.

.. Fuefukidai.

335.—Lethrinus güntheri Bleeker.

Nagasaki.

336.—Lethrinus nematacanthus Bleeker.

Nagasaki.

337.—Lethriaus cherorhynchus Cuvier & Valenciennes.

“ Japan.”

Family XCIL.—KYPHOSIDE.

Genus: GIRELLA Gray.

(Melanichthys Temminck & Schlegel.)

338.—Girella punctata Gray Mejinadat.

(Girella melanichthys (Richardson) }

Yokohama* ; Nagasaki.

Genus: KYPHOSUS Lacépéde.

(Pimemepterus Lacépéde.)

339.—Kyphosus indicus Kuhl & van Hasselt.

(Pimelepterus cinerascens Day.) |

. Yokohama.

Genus: ATYPICHTYS Gunther.

(Atupus Gunther)

340.—Atypichthys strigatus (Gunther )

Japan

FISHES OF JAPAN. 81

Genus: CÆSIOSOMA Kaup.

341.—Cesiosoma sieboldi Kaup.

“ Japan.”

Family XCIII—GERRIDE.

Genus: EUCINOSTOMUS Baird.

342.—Eucinostomus japonicus (Bleeker) ... ... ... ... Kurosagi.

Nagasaki.

343.—Eucinostomus equula (Temminck & Schlegel) ... Awrosagi.

(Perhaps identical with E. oyena (Forskäl).)

Nagasaki.

Family XCIV.—SCLENIDE.

Genus: CORVULA Jordan.

344.—Corvula schlegeli (Bleeker.) ... ... … 0... ... Ishimochi.

(Serena sina Temminck & Schlegel, not of C. &. V.)

Yokohama* ; Nagasaki.

Genus : SCIZAENA Linnaeus.

345.—Sciena cuja (Buchanan-Hamilton.)

India; Japan.

Genus: PSEUDOSCIÆNA Bleeker.

346.—Pseudosciæna japonica (‘Temminck & Schlegel.) ... ... Nibe.

(Sciena bleekeri Day.)

Yokohama* ; Nagasaki.

Genus: PSEUDOTOLITHUS Blecker.

347.—Pseudotolithus mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder.

Yokohama*.

Genus: BAIRDIELLA Gill.

348.—Bairdiella acanthodes Bleeker.

S. Japan.

82 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Family XCV.—MENIDE.

Genus: EMMELICHTHYS Richardson.

(Erythrichthys Temminck & Schlegel )

349.—Emmelichthys schlegelii (Richardson) dde TMC

Nagasaki; Yokohama*.

Family XCVI.—OPLEGNATHID.E,

Genus: OPLEGNATHUS Richardson.

(Scarodon Temminck & Schlegel.)

350.—Oplegnathus fasciatus (Temminck & Schlegel) ... ... Ishidai.

Yokohama* ; Hakodate*; Nagasaki.

351.—Oplegnathus punctatus Temminck & Schlegel ... Ishigakidai.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki; Kanagawa; Hakodate.

Family XCVII.-PENTACEROTID.E.

Genus: PENTACEROS Cuvier.

352.—Pentaceros japonicus Döderlen ... ... ... Tsubokutsidai.

Yokohama.

Genus: ANOPLUS Temminck & Schlegel.

(Banjos Bleeker.)

353.—Anopius banjos Richardson.

(Banjos typus Bleeker.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Genus: HISTIOPTERUS Temminck & Schlegel.

354.—Histiopterus typus Temminck & Schlegel. Kawabisha, Matodai.

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

355.—Histiopterus acutirostris Temminck & Schlegel. ... Tengudai.

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

FISHES OF JAPAN, 83

Family XCVEIE--PRIACANTHIDE.

Genus: PRIACANTHUS Cuvier.

356.—Priacanthus macracanthus Cuvier & Valenciennes. Benimebaru.

(Priacanthus benmebari Temminck & Schlegel )

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

357.—Priacanthus hamrur (Forskal.)

(Priacanthus dubius Temminck & Schlegel.)

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

358.—Priacanthus carolinus Lesson.

(Priacanthus schlegelii Hilgendorf.)

Yokohama.

359.—Priacanthus boops (Forster.)

(Priacanthus supraarmatus Hilgendorf ; Priacanthus japo-

nicus Cuvier & Valenciennes )

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Genus: PSEUDOPRIACANTHUS Gill.

360.—Pseudopriacanthus niphonius (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Kuruma-

dai, Kinkodat.

(Priacanthus meyert Günther.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Family XCIX.—MULLEIDE.

Genus: UPENEOIDES Bleeker.

361.—Upeneoides japonicus (Houttuyn.) ... Shime, Bensashi, Himeji.

(Upeneus bensasi Temminck & Schlegel )

Oshima ; Kochi; Yokohama*; Tango ; Nagasaki.

362.—Upeneoides vittatus (Forsk‘l.)

Nagasaki.

363.—Upeneoides subvittatus (Temminck & Schlegel.)

Nagasaki.

84 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER. :

364.—Upeneoides sulphureus (Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

(Mulloides pinnivittatus Steindachner.)

Nagasaki.

365.—Upeneoides tragula (Richardson.)

Kagoshima.

Genus: UPENEUS Cuvier & Valenciennes.

(Parapeneus Bleeker.)

366.—Upeneus chrysopleuron (Temminck & Schlegel) ... Umihigoi.

Nagasaki.

367.—Upeneus tokisensis Döderlein.

Yokohama.

368.—Upeneus barberinus (Lacép2de.)

Nagasaki.

369.—Upeneus indicus (Shaw.)

Nagasaki.

370.—Upeneus spilurus Bleeker.

Nagasaki.

371.—Upeneus pleurospilus Bleeker.

Nagasaki.

372.—Upen2us dubius (Temminck & Schlegel.)

Nagasaki.

Family C.—CIRRHITIDÆE.

Genus: CHEILODACTYLUS Lacépède.

373.—Cheilodactylus zonatus Cuvier & Valenciennes. ...Takanohadai.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

374.--Cheilodactylus gibbosus Richardson. ... ... ... ... Takapa.

Yokohama. Nagasaki.

375.—Cheilodactylus quadricornis Gunther.

Japan.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 85

Genus: CIRRHITES Lacépède.

376.—Cirrhites aureus Temminck & Schlegel. .... ... ... Okigonbe.

Nagasaki.

Genus: PARACIRRHITES Steindachner.

377.—Paracirrhites japonicus Steindachner. ... ... ... Isobuna

Yokohama.

Group: RHEGNOPTERI.

Family CL.—POLYNEMIDE.

Genus: POLYDACTYLUS Lacépède.

(Polynemus Gunther.)

378.—Polyaactylus plebeius (Broussonet.) ... Agonashi, Tsubamekono-

shiro.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Group: HOLCONOTI.

Family CII —EMBIOTOCIDE.

Genus: EMBIOTOCA Agassiz.

379.—Embiotoca smitti (Nystom.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki

Genus: DITREMA Temminck & Schlegel

380.—Ditrema temminckii Bleecker, ... ... ... ... Umitanago.

(Ditrema leve Gunther.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki; Hakodate.

Genus: NEODITREMA Steindachner.

381.—Neoditrema ransonneti Steindachner. ... ... ... Umitanago.

Yokohama.

Group: CHROMIDES.

Family CIII —POMACENTRID AE,

Genus: AMPHIPRION Bloch & Schneider.

(Prochilus Bleeker.)

86 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER,

382.—Amphiprion clarkii (Bennett.)

(Amphiprion japonicus Temminck & Schlegel; Amphiprion

chrysargyrus Richardson ; Amphiprion chrysopterus Cu-

vier & Valenciennes; Anthias polymnus Bloch.)

Nagasaki.

383.—Amphiprion frenatus Gill.

(A. tricolor Gunther.)

“Japan.”

Genus: CHROMIS' Cuvier.

(Heliases Cuvier.)

384.—Chromis notatus (Temminck & Schlegel) ...Suzumedai, Gongoro.

Nagasaki; Yokohama*.

Group: PHARYNGOGNATHI.

Family CIV.—LABRID®.

Genus: CHŒROPS Rüppell.

385.—Cheerops japonicus (Temminck & Schlegel) ... ... Kandai.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

386.—Chorrops anchorago (Bloch)

East Indies ; Japan.

it Genus: ABUDEFDUF Forskal.

(Glyphisodon Lacépède )

Abudefduf curacao (Bloch)

(Glyphisodon trifasciatus Bleeker ; Glyphidodon sm ragdinus (Brevoort).)

Liu-Kiu Islands.

Abudefduf sexfusciatus Lacépède).

(Glyphisodon celestinus Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

“ Japan.”

Abudefduf melas (Kuhl & van Hasselt.)

(Glyphisodon violaceus Brevoort.)

Liu-Kiu.

Genus: POMACENTRUS Lacépède.

Pomacentrus dorsalis Gill.

“Japan; Liu-Kiu ?

FISHES OF JAPAN. 87

Genus: SEMICOSSYPHUS Gunther.

387.—Semicossyphus robecchii Steindachner & Döderlein.

Yokohama*,

388.—Semicossyphus reticulatus (Cuvier & Valenciennes)... Kobudai.

Nagasaki; Yokohama.

Genus : DIASTODON Bowdich.

(Lepidaplois Guill.)

389.—Diastodon unimaculatus (Gunther) PAR seem Ko is unedat:

(Cossyphus oxycephalus Bleeker)

Yokohama*.

Genus: PSEUDOLABRUS Bleeker.

390.—Pseudolabrus eothinus (Richardson) ... Sasanoha, Bera, Budai.

(Labrus rubiginosus Temminck & Schlegel, 1847,

not of Richardson, 1843.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

391.—Pseudolabrus gracilis (Steindachner).

Yokohama.

Genus: DUYMZRIA Bleeker.

392.—Duymæria japonica Bleeker. ... Ohagurobera, Gonbekusabi.

(Ctenolabrus flagellifer Temminck & Schlegel, not of Cuvier

& Valenciennes ; Ctenolabrus spilogaster Bleeker.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Genus: CIRRHILABRUS Temminck & Schlegel.

393.—Cirrhilabrus temmincki Bleeker.

Nagasaki.

Genus: HALICHGRES Riippell.

(Platyglossus Bleeker.)

394.—Halicheres pyrrhogrammus (Temminck & Schlegel). Akabera.

Yokohama*; Tango.

395.—Halicheres bleekeri (Steindachner & Déderlein). ... Honbera.

Yokohama*,

88 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

396.—Halicheres peecilopterus (Temminck & Schlegel.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Genus: THALASSOMA Swainson.

(Julis Günther ; not of Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

397.—Thalassoma quadricolor (Lesson).

Shimoda.

398.—Thalassoma cupido (Temminck & Schlegel).

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

399.—Thalassoma lunare Cuvier & Valenciennes

(Julis lutescens Brevoort.)

Liu-kiu.

Genus: INIISTIUS Gill.

400.—Iniistius dea (Temminck & Schlegel)

Nagasaki; Yokohama*; Kochi.

Genus: CORIS Lacép:de.

(Julis Cuvier.)

401.—Coris pulcherrima (Günther.)

East Indies; Japan,

Genus: HEMIGYMNUS Bleeker.

402 —Hemigymnus fasciatus (Thunberg)

East Indies; “ Japan.”

IL Genus: CHEILIO Lacépéde.

Cheilio inermis (Forskal).

(Cheilio ramosus Jenyns.)

Liu-kiu Islands.

Genus: GOMPHOSUS Lacépede.

Gomphosus varius Lacépède.

(Gomphosus fuscus Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

Liu-Kiu.

Aobera.

Nishikiuwo.

Tetsu

FISHES OF JAPAN. 89

Family C¥.—SCARID®E.

Genus: CALOTOMUS Gilbert.

(Cailyodon Cuvier & Valenciennes, not of Bloch & Schneider.)

403.—Calotomus japonicus (Cuvier & Valenciennes) ... ... Budai.

(Callyodon rubiginosus Cuvier.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Genns: SCARUS Forskal.

404.—Scarus globiceps (Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

Oshima.

405.— Scarus ovifrons (Temminck & Schlegel.)

Yokchama; Nagasaki.

Group: ZEOIDEA.

Family CVE.—ZEIDE,

Genus: ZEUS Linnæus.

406.— Zeus japonicus Cuvier & Valenciennes. ... Kanetataki, Matodai.

Yokohama”; Nagasaki.

Genus: ZENOPSIS Gill.

407.—Zenopsis nebulosus (Temminck & Schlegel) ... Kagamidai.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Family CVEi.—CAPROID.E.

Genus: ANTIGONIA Lowe.

(Caprohonus Müller & Troschel ; Hypsinotus Temrainck

& Schlegel.)

408.-- Antigonia rubescans (Temminck & Schlegel) Yokodai, Benhate,

Shishidar.

(Hypsinotus banhatatate Bleeker.)

Perhaps the same as A. capros of the Atlantic.

Yokohama*; Omura,

90 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Group: SQUAMIPINNES.

Family CVIII —EPHIPPIDE.

Genus: PLATAX Cuvier,

409.—Platax teira (Forskal) ... ... … ... .. «=. Tsudbalurodari

(Platax japonicus Temminck & Schlegel.)

Nagasaki.

410.—Platax vespertilio (Bloch.)

East Indies ; recorded by Bleeker from Japan.

Family CIX.—-CHETODONTIDE.

Genus: CHASTODON Linneus.

4'|.—Chetodon fasciatus Forskai.

(Chetodon flavus Bloch & Schneider.)

China Sea; Japan.

412.—Chætodon collaris Bloch.

Recorded doubtfully from Japan,

413.—Chætodon auripes Jordan & Snyder (new specific name.)

Chochouwo, Uchiwadai.

_ (Chetodon aureus Temmivek & Schlegel, not of Bloch, the

name preoccupied.)

Nagasaki.

414.—Chetodon modestus Temmiuck & Schlegel. ... ... Yakkodai.

Yokohama; Enoshima.

415.—Chetodon nippon Déderlein.

Yokohama: Kagoshima; Kochi.

416.—Chetodon auriga Forskal.

(Chetodon mesogallicus Cuvier.)

Nagasaki.

Genus: HEMITAURICHTHYS Bleeker.

417.—Hemitaurichthys strigatus (Cuvier & Valenciennes.) Kagokaki-

dai, Shimayakkodat.

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 91

Genus: HOLACANTHUS Lacpépéde.

418.—Holacanthus septentrionalis Temminck & Schlegel.

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

Genus: HENIOCHUS Cavier & Valenciennes.

(Taurichthys Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

419.—Heniochus macrolepidotus (Linneus.) ... ... Hatatatedai.

Kochi; Shikoku.

Family CX.—TEUTHIDIDE,

Genus: MONOCEROS Bloch & Schneider.

(Naso Lacépède; Nasonus Rafinesque; Nasews Gunther ;

Axinurus Cuvier; Priodon Cuvier; Priodontichthys

Bonaparte; Callicanthus Swainson; Keris Cuvier &

Valenciennes.)

420.—Monoceros unicornis Forskal. ... Tenguhagi, Ikkakuhagi.

(Naso fronticornis Lacépede.)

Misaki*,

Genus: PRIONURUS Lacépède.

421.—Prionurus scalprum (Langsdorf.) ... Koomuki, Niza, Nisadai,

Kahagi.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Genus: TEUTHIS Linuæus.

(Acanthurus Forskal ; Harpurus Forster; Agronurus (Gro-

now) Gunther; Rhombotides Day; Ctenodon Swainson ;

Etsgilus Brevoort.)

1. Teuthis fumosus (Brevoort.

(Etsgilus fumosus Brevoort)

Liu-Kiu Islands.

92 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

422.—Teuthis matoides (Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

Polynesia; recorded by Steindachner and Döderlein from Oshima.

Family CXE.—SEGANIDE,

Genus: SIGANUS Forskal.

(Amphacanthus Bloch & Schneider; Teuthis Cantor; Gün-

ther ; Centrogaster Houttuyn.)

423.—Siganus fuscescens (Houttuyn.) ... Gihagi, Jenoiwo, Kijenoiwo,

Aigo.

(Amphacanthus aurantiacus Temiminck & Schlegel.)

Yokohama*; Nagasalıı.

424.—Siganus albopunctatus (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... ... Aigo.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki; Kagoshima.

Group: SCLERODERMI.

Family CXII—TRIACANTHODIDE,

Genus: TRIACANTHODES Bleeker.

425.—Triacanthodes anomalus (‘l'emminck & Schlegel.) ... Benthagi.

Nagasaki.

Family CXIIL— TRIACANTHID.E.

Genus: TRIACANTHUS Temminck & Schlegel.

426.—Triacanthus brevirostris ‘Temminck & Schlegel. ... ... Gina.

Nagasaki.

Family CXIV.—BALISTIDE.

Geuus: BALISTES Linnæus.

427.—Falistes castaneus Richardson.

(Balistes capriscus Bleeker, not of Gmelin.)

Recorded by Bleeker from Japan,

attenti att

FISHES OF JAPAN. 93

Genus: BALISTAPUS Tilesius.

(Rhinecanthus Swainson.)

428.—Balistapus undulatus (Mungo Park).

East Indies; Japan (Giinther.)

Genus: PACHYNATHUS Swainson.

429.—Pachynathus conspicillum Bloch & Schneider ... Mongarafugu,

Komoniowo.

East Indies; Misaki.*

Genus: CANTHIDERMIS Swainson.

430.—Canthidermis oculatus (Gray).

China Sea; recorded by GUNTHER as Balistes maculatus

from Japan.

Family CXV.—MONACANTHIDE.

Genus: MONACANTHUS Cuvier.

431.—Monacanthus cirrhifer Temminck & Schlegel ... ... Mahagi.

(Monacanthus komuki (Bleeker). )

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

432.—Monacanthus oblongus Temminck & Schlegel ... Umazurahagi.

(Monacanthus breki Bleeker DA

Nagasaki.

Genus: PSEUDOMONACANTHUS Bleeker.

433.—Pseudomonacanthus modestus Gunther.

Hakodate* ; Yokohama.*

434.—Pseudomonacanthus trachydermus (Bleeker).

Nagasaki; Yokohama.*

Genus: ALUTERA Cuvier.

435.—Alutera monoceros (Osbeck) ... … Semehagt.

(Alutera cinerea l'emminck & Schlegel).

Nagasaki.

Genus: PSEUDALUTERES Bleeker.

436.—Psendaluteres nasicornis (Temminck & Schlegel).

Nagasaki.

94 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Group: OSTRACODERMI.

Family CXVI—OSTRACIID TE.

Genus: LACTOPHRYS Swainson.

437.—Lactophrys gibbosus (Linnaeus).

Kast Indies ; recorded by BLEEKER from Japan.

438.—Lactophrys concatenatus (Bloch).

Kast Indies ; recorded by BLEEKER from Japan.

Genus: OSTRACION Linnæus.

439.—Ostracion tuberculatus Linnaeus... ... ... .... Hakofugu.

(Ostracion cubicus Linnæus; Ostracion tetragonus Bleeker ;

Ostracion immaculatus Schlegel).

Nagasaki.

440.—Ostracion diaphanus (Bloch & Schneider) ... ... Susumefugı.

(Ostracion brevicornis Temminck & Schlegel.)

Nagasakı.

441.—Ostracion cornutus Linneus ... ... ... ... .... Kongofugu.

(Ostracion arcus (Bloch & Schneider) ).

Nagasaki.

Genus: ARACANA Gray.

442. —Aracana aculeata (Houttuyn) ... ... ... ... Kawagofugu.

Yokohama* ; Nagasaki.

Group: GYMNODONTES.

Family CXVII.-TETRAODONTID.AL,

Genus: LAGOCEPHALUS Swainson.

443.—Lagocephalus inermis (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Kanafugu.

Nagasaki.

444.—Lagocephalus lunaris (Bloch & Schneider.) ... ... Sabafugu.

Nagasaki; Kappa; Koorawah; Kobe.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 95

445.—Lagocephalus sceleratus (Forster) .. ... LL. ... Ginfugu.

(Tetraodon argenteus Temminck & Schlegel; Tetraodon bicolor

Brevoort.)

Nagasaki; Shimoda.

446.—Lagocephalus alboplumbeus (Richardson) ... Karakusafugu,

Komonfugu.

(Tetraodon pæcilonotus Temminck & Schlegel ;

Tetraodon niveatus Brevoort.)

Nagasaki; Shimoda; Yokohama.*

447 —Lagocephalus bimaculatus (Richardson.)

Yokohama.*

448.—Lagocephalus rubripes (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Torafugu.

(? Lagocephalus ranthopterus (Temminck & Schlegel.))

Nagasaki; Yokohama.*

449.—Lagocephalus vermicularis (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Mafugu.

Yokohama. *

450.—Lagocephalus stictonotus (Temminck & Schlegel.) Katsuofugu

Nagasaki; Yokohama.*

451.—Lagocephalus pardalis (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Nagoyafugu.

Nagasaki; Yokohama.*

452.—Lagocephalus brunneus (Brevoort.)

Shimoda.

Genus: OVOIDES (Lacépède) Duméril.

453.—Ovoides aérostaticus (Jenyns.)... . . ... Temarifugu.

(Tetrodon lineatus Temminck & Schlegel, ‘not ‘of Linnaeus ;

perhaps a banded variety of Ovoides stellatus. )

Nagasaki.

Genus: TETRAODON Linnaeus.

454.—Tetraodon firmamentum Temminck & Schlegel ... Hoshifukuto.

Nagasaki.

Genus: LIOSACCUS Gunther.

455.—Liosaccus porphyreus (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Shosaifugu.

Nagasaki.

96 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

456.—Liosaccus chrysops (Hilgendorf.) ... ... ... ... Akamefugu.

“Japan.”

Family CXVIIE.—CANTHIGASTERIDFE.

Genus: CANTHIGASTER Swainson.

(Psilonotus Swainson ; Tropidichthys Bleeker.)

457,—Canthigaster grammatosephalus Temminck & Schlegel ... ...

; Yoritofugu.

Nagasaki.

458.—Canthigaster rivulatus (Temminck & Schlegel.) Kinchakufugu,

Kitamakura.

Nagasaki.

Family CXIX.—TRIODONTIDE.

Genus: TRIODON Reinwardt.

459.—Triodon bursarius Reinwardt ... ... …. ... Uchiwafugu.

East Indies; Misaki*.

Family CXX.—DIODONTID®.

Genus: CHILOMYCTERUS Bibron.

460.—Chilomycterus californiensis Eigenmann... ... ... Hishifugu,

Kaerufugu, Torafugu.

(Diodon tigrinus Temminck & Schlegel, not of Cuvier ;

? Chilomycterus affinis Gunther.)

Nagasaki; Yokohama*; also recorded from San Pedro,

California, and Galapagos Islands.

Genus: DIODON Linnens.

(Paradiodon Bleeker.)

461.—Diodon holacanthus! Linnæus ... ... ... ... Harifugu.

(Diodon novemmaculatus Temminck & Schlegel.)

Nagasaki.

1 Temminck and ScHLEGEL'S figure represents Diodon holacanthus recognized by

JORDAN and EVERMANN as a species very doubtfully distinct from the cosmopolitan

Diodon hystrix Linneus.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 97

Family CXX1.—MOLID®E.

Genus: MOLA Cuvier.

(Orthagoriscus Bloch.)

262. Molamola liinnzus.) 0... 2.2... «2. e Manbo, Ukigi.

Nagasaki.

Genus: RANZANIA Nardo.

463.—Ranzania makua Jenkins.

Recorded as Orthagoriscus truncatus by BLEEKER from

Japan. Described by JENKINS from Honolulu.

Group: LORICATI.

Family CXXII. SCORP_ENID A,

Genus: SEBASTOLOBUS Gill.

464.—Sebastolobus macrochir Gunther.

Enoshima.

Genus: SEBASTODES' Ayres.

465.—Sebastodes glaucus (Hilgendorf )

Jezo; Bering Island*.

466.—Sebastodes pachycephalus (Temminck & Schlegel.) Keshimoyo.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

467.—Sebastodes inermis (Cuvier & Valenciennes.) ... Mouwo, Sumi-

kasago, Kuromebaru.

(Sebastodes ventricosus (Temminck & Schlegel.))

Yokohama*; Hakodate; Nagasaki.

468.—Sebastodes hakodatis Jordan & Snyder.

Hakodate*.

469.—Sebastodes joyneri Günther ....... ... Takenoko-mebaru.

Yokohama*.

470.—Sebastodes scythropus Jordan & Snyder.

Yokohama*.

1 Sebastodes nigromaculatus (Günther.)

Tschi-fu, China.

98 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

471.—Sebastodes elegans (Steindachner & Döderlein.)

Tagawa,

472.—Sebastodes steindachneri. (Hilgerdorf) Akosoi, Yanaga no mai.

Yezo.

473.—Sebastodes oblongus (Gunther.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

474.—Sebastodes mitzukurii Cramer.

Yokohama.

475.—Sebastodes taczanowskii (Steindachner.)

Iturup*.

476.—Sebastodes matsubare Hilgendorf... ... ... Aka-uwo, Ako.

Yezo; Yokohama.

477.—Sebastodes nivosus (Hilgendorf.) ... ... Goma-soi, Hoshimouwo,

Kogumeso.

Yokohama.

478.—Sebastodes schlegeli (Hilgendorf.) ... ... ... Kuroturo-soi.

Yokohama; Strietok; Yezo; Hakodate.

479.—Sebastodes trivittatus Hilgendorf ... ... ... ... Shimassoi.

Yezo.

480.—Sebastodes vulpes (Steindachner & Déderlein.)

Yokohama.

Genus: HELICOLENUS Goode & Bean.

481.—Helicolenus marmoratus (Cuvier & Valenciennes.) ... Kasago.

Hakodate*; Yokohama.

482.—Helicolenus hilgendorfii Déderlein.

(Perhaps not distinct from H. dactylopterus, a common species

of the Mediterranean.)

Yokohama.

Genus: SCORPZENA Linneus.

483.—Scorpena fimbriata Déderlein.

Yokohama.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 99

484.—Scorpena onaria Jordan & Snyder.

(Scorpena neglecta Temminck & Schlegel; the name pre-

occupied by Scorpena neglecta Heckel.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Genus: SCORPÆNOPSIS Bleeker.

485.—Scorpenopsis cirrhosus (Thunberg.) aac 0 Onikasago:

Nagasaki.

486.—Scorpenopsis miostoma Günther.

Arafura.

487.—Scorpenopsis kagoshima Steindachner & Déderlein.

Kagoshima.

Genus: SETARCHES Gunther.

(Bathysebastes Steindachner.)

488.—Setarches albescens Steindachner & Döderlein.

Yokohama.

Genus: PTEROIS! Cuvier.

489.—Pterois lunulata 'Temminek & Schlegel ... ... Minokasago,

Yamanokami.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

490.—Pterois bleekeri Déderlein ... ... ... ... ... Hboshikasago.

Yokohama.

491.—Pterois volitans Linneus ... .. à Minokasago.

East Indies; Japan (Bleeker.)

Genus: PARACENTROPOGON Steindachner.

492.—Paracentropogon longispinis (Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

Yokohama.

Genus: APISTUS Cuvier & Valenciennes.

493.—Apistus alatus Cuvier... .… …. .. … .. Hirekasago.

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

100 D. $. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Genus: GYMNAPISTUS Gill.

494.—Gymnapistus rubripinnis (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Okojin.

Nagasaki.

Genus: TETRAROGE Gill.

495.—Tetraroge longispinis Cuvier & Valenciennes.

Yokohama*; Tagawa; Tango.

Genus: APLOACTIS Temminck & Schlegel.

496.—Aploactis aspora Temminck & Schlegel.

Nagasaki; Kagoshima.

Genus: PROSOPODASYS Cantor.

497.—Prosopodasys depressifrons (Richardson.)

Java; Japan.

Genus: AMBLYAPISTUS Gill.

498.—Amblyapistus tænianotus.

Japan.

Genus: SYNANCIDIUM Muller.

499.—Synancidium erosum Juangsdorf... ... ... ... Darumaokoze,

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

Genus: MINOUS Cuvier & Valenciennes.

500.—Minous pusillus Temminck & Schlegel.

Nagasaki; Kagoshima.

Genus: PELOR Cuvier & Valenciennes.

501.—Pelor japonicum Cuvier & Valenciennes ... Oniokoze, Okoze.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki; Shimoda.

502.—Pelor aurantiacum Temminck & Schlegel... ... ... Akaokoze.

Nagasaki; Kaminoseki.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 101

Genus: COCOTROPUS' Kaup.

503.—Cocotropus pottii Steindachner.

Yokohama*.

Family CXXIEL.— HEXNAGRAMMID.E.

Genus: HEXAGRAMMOS Steller.

(Chirus Pallas; Labrax Pallas.)

504.—Hexagrammos otakii Jordan & Starks ... ... ... Ainame.

(Labrax heragrammus Temminek & Schlegel, not of Pallas.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Genus: AGRAMMUS Günther.

505.—Agrammus agrammus (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... ... Kujime.

(Agrammus schlegeli Gunther.)

Yokohama*.

le Genus: ENOPHRYS Swainson.

Enophrys elaviger (Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

. Robben*

Genus: CERATOCOTTUS Gill.

Ceratocottus diceraus (Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

Robben*.

Genus: BLEPSIAS Cuvier.

Blepsias cirrhosus (Pallas. )

Alaska; Sagalin; Robben*.

Genus: PSYCHROLUTES Günther.

Psychrolutes paradoxus Günther.

Iturup*.

2. Hexagrammos superciliosus Pallas.

Kuriles*,

Hexagrammos octogrammus (Pallas.)

(Chirus ordinatus Cope.)

Iturup*; Robben*.

Hexagrammos lagocephalus (Pallas.)

Bering Is*; Iturup*; Robben*.

102 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Family CXXIV.—COTTID E.

Genus: PODABRUS Richardson.

506.—Podabrus centropomus Richardson.

Quelpart, Straits of Corea.

507.—Podabrus cottoides Richardson.

Yokohama*; N. China.

Genus: TRACHIDERMUS Heckel.

(Centridermichthys Richardson.)

508.—Trachidermus fasciatus Heckel ... ... ... ... Ayuwkake.

(Cottus uncinatus 'Temminck & Schlegel, not of Reinhardt.)

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

Genus: PSEUDOBLENNIUS’ Temminck & Schlegel.)

(Pseudoclinus Temminck & Schlegel.)

509.—Pseudoblennius percoides Günther... ... ... Dashi, Anahaze.

(Pseudoblennius anahaze Bleeker; Centrodermichthys schlegeli

Döderlein ; Centrodermichthys argenteus Döderlein.)

Nagasaki; Yokohama*.

510.—Pseudoblennius nudus (Déderlein.) ... ... ... LL... Sul.

Yokohama.

511.—Pseudoblennius affinis (Steindachner & Döderlein.)

Tango; Kanagawa.

1 Genus: ARCHISTES Jordan & Gilbert.

Archistes plumarius Jordan & Gilbert.

Ushishir Island*.

2 Pseudoblenuius differs from Zrachidermis (Centridermichthys) in the smooth skin.

Several of the species admitted are of doubtful value, and all may be color forms

of P. percoides and P. marmoratus.

FISHES OF JAPAN.

512.—Pseudoblennius elongatus (Steindachner,) …

Yokohama.

513.—Pseudoblennius marmoratus (Doderlein.)

(Centridermichthys elegans Steindachner & yg )

Yokohama.

514.—Psendoblennius japonicus (Steindachner.)

Nagasaki.

Genus: URANIDEA De Kay.

515.—Uranidea reini (Hilgendorf.)

Rivers of Yezo and North Nippon.

516.—Uranidea dybowskii (Hilgendorf.)

Rivers of Northern Nippon.

517.—Uranidea hilgendorfi (Steindachner.) ...

Yokohama.

518.—Uranidea pollux (Günther.)

Otarunai, Japan, Tokachigawa.

103

Umikajika.

Katka.

... Kajika.

ile Genus: ARTEDIELLUS Jordan.

Artediellus pacificus Gilbert.

Robben*; Bering Sea.

Genus: TRIGLOPS Reinhardt.

Triglops beani Gilbert.

Robben*; Bering Sea.

Genus: STELGISTRUM Jordan & Gilbert.

Steigistrum steinegeri Jordan & Gilbert.

Robben*.

Genus: HEMILEPIDOTUS Cuvier.

Hemilepidotus hemilepidotus (‘Tilesias.)

(Cottus trachurus Pallas; Hemilepidotus tilesi Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

Being Sea*; Kuriles; Saghalin.

Genus: ARGYROCOTTUS Herzenstein.

Argyrocottus zanderi Herzenstein.

Iturup*; Saghalin.

104 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Genus: MYOXOCEPHALUS! (Steller) T'ilesius.

(Acanthocottus Girard.)

519. -Myoxocephalus stelleri Tilesius.

(Cottus decastrensis Kner.)

Hakodate*; Decastris Bay; Petropaulski*.

Genus: GYMNOCANTHUS: Swainson.

(Phobetor Kroyer.)

520.—Gymnocanthus intermedius (Temminck & Schlegel.)

Yezo.

Family CXXV.—PLATYCEPHALID-E.

Genus: PLATYCEPHALUS Bloch & Schneider.

521.—Platycephalus indicus (Linneus.) ... ... ... Kochi, Gingochi.

(Platycephalus insidiator (Forskal.))

Yokohama”; Kagoshima; Nagasaki.

522.—Platycephalus punctatus Cuvier & Valenciennes ... Inegochi.

Nagasaki.

523.—Platycephalus japonicus Tilesius.

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

524.—Platycephalus fuscus Cuvier & Valenciennes.

Yokohama.

525.—Platycephalus meerdervortii Bleeker ... ... ... ... Megochi.

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

1. Myoxocephalus brandti (Steindachner.)

Mouth of Amur River.

Myoxocephalus nivosus (Herzenstein.)

Olga Bay, Saghalin; Iturup*.

Myoxocephalus jaok (Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

Robben.

2. Gymnocanthus pistilliger Pallas.

Robben.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 105

526.—Platycephalus crocodilus Tilesius ... ... ... ... Onigochi.

(Platycephalus guttatus Temminck & Schlegel.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

Genus: INSIDIATOR' Jordan & Snyder.

527. Insidiator rudis (Gunther.).... ... 4... ... … …. Onagochi.

Yokohama.*

528.—Insidiator macrolepis (Bleeker.) ... ... ... ... Onesagochi.

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

529.—Insidiator asper (Cuvier & Valencinnes.)

Oshima; Nagasaki.

530.—Insidiator spinosus (Temminck & Schlegel) ... ... Onigochi.

Nagasaki.

Genus: OPLICHTHYS Cuvier & Valencinnes.

531.—Oplichthys langsdorfi Cuvier & Valencinnes Tanego, Nezuppo,

Harigochi.

(Hoplichthys pusillus Bleeker.)

Nagasaki; Yokohama.

Genus: BEMBRAS Cuvier & Valenciennes.

532.—Bembras japonicus Cuvier & Valenciennes ... ... Akagochi.

Yokohama; Nagasaki

533.—Bembras levis Nystrom.

Nagasaki.

Genus: PARABEMBRAS Bleeker.

534.—Parabembras curtus (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... ... Ahagochi.

Nagasaki.

Genus: BEMBROPS Bleeker.

1 This genus differs from Platycephalus in the presence of three preopercular spines

instead of two, in the rougher head, larger scales and other characters. The type is

Platycephalusrudis Günther.

106 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

535 —Bembrops candimaculata (Steindachner.)

Yokohama.

Family CXXVI, - AGONID_ E!

1. Genus: PERCIS Scopoli.

(Hippocephalus Swainson.)

Percis japonicus (Pallas.)

(Aganus stegophthalmus Tilesius.)

Okhotsh Sea; Kurile Islands; Gulf of Patience ; Robben Island.*

Genus: AGONOMALUS Guichenot.

Agonomalus proboscideus Guichenot.

Nicolaivsk, Saghalin.

Genus: OCCA Jordan & Evermann.

Occa dodecaedow .(Tilesius:)\\ RP NE NN RE ee ep ees Cte

Kamchatka; Kuriles.

Genus: BRACHYOPSIS Gill.

(Siphagonus Steindachner.)

Brachyopsis segaliensis (Tilesius.)

(Agomus levigatus (Tilesius.)

Saghalin; Kamchatka; Kuriles.

Brachyopsis rostratus (Tilesius.) ... ... …… … …. … 0. Hakkakuuwo.

Saghalin; Kurile; Petropaulski; Iturup*.

Genus: PODOTHECUS Gill.

(Paragonus Gill.)

Podothecus hamlini Jordan & Gilbert.

Shana Bay*, Iturup Is.

Podothecus thompsoni Jordan & Gilbert.

Shana Bay*, Iturup Is.

Podothecus veternus Jordan.

Robben*.

Podothecus accipiter Jordan.

Robben*.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 107

Genus: PALLASINA Cramer.

536.—Pallasina barbata (Steindachner.)

Bering Sea; Iturup*; Strietok.

Family CXXVII, LIPARIDID.A.

Genus: LIPARIS (Artedi) Scopoli.

537.—Liparis agassizii Putnam.

Saghalin ; Hakodate*.

Group: GRANIOMI.

Family CXXVIIE.— TRIGLIDE.

Genus: CHELIDONICHTHYS Kaup.

538.—Chelidonichthys hemistictus (Temminck & Schlegel.)... Kanado.

Nagasaki.

539.—Chelidonichthys kumu (Lesson & Garnot.) Hoko, Kurohobo.

Yokohama*.

Genus: LEPIDOTRIGLA Giinther.

540.—Lepidotrigla biiurgeri (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Kanagashira.

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

541,—Lepidotrigla güuntheri Hilgendorf.

Nagasaki.

542.—Lepidotrigla japonica (Bleeker,)

Nagasaki; Oshima; Kagoshima.

543.—Lepidotrigla longispinis Steindachner.

Yokohoma*.

544.—Lepidotrigla microptera Günther.

(Lepidotrigla strauchii Steindachner.)

Yokohama; Hakodate.

545.—Lepidotrigla serridens Hilgendorf.

Nagasaki.

108 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Family CXXEX.—PERISTEDIIDE.

Genus: PERISTEDION Lacépède.

546.—Peristedion orientale Temminck & Schlegel ... Kihobo, Tsuno-

kanagashira.

Nagasaki.

Family CXXX.—CEPHALACANTHIIDE.

Genus: CEPHALACANTHUS Lacépède.

(Dactylopterus Lacépede.)

547.—-Cephalacanthus spinarella Linnaeus LINE, a Senio!

(Dactylopterus orientalis Cuvier.)

Yokohama; Tagawa; Kochi; Kagoshima.

548.-—Cephalacanthus peterseni (Nystrom.)

Nagasaki.

Group: TRACHINOIDEA.

Family CXXXI.- TRICHODONTID.E.!

Genus: ARCTOSCOPUS’ Jordan & Evermann.

549.— Arctoscopus japonicus (Steindachner.)

Strietok ; Iturupisland*.

Family CXXXIL— TRACHINID.E.

Genus: CHAMPSODON Günther.

550.—Champsodon vorax Günther.

Sagami Bay in deep water.

Le]

We Genus: TRICHODON Cuvier & Valenciennes.

Trichodon trichodon (Pallas.) ... … 22 … … ne... Hatahata, Kaminariuwo.

(Lrichodon stelleri Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

Bering Sea; Kuriles.

Family: PSEUDOCHROMIDE.

Genus: CICHLOPS Müller & Troschel.

Cichlops cyclophthalmus Müller & Troschel.

to

(Cichlops japonicus Gill.)

“Japan.”

FISHES OF JAPAN, 10%

Genus: NEOPERCIS Steindachner.

551.—Neopercis multifasciata Döderlein ... ... ... Akatora-haze.

Yokohama.

552.—Neopercis aurantiaca (Döderlein.)... ... ... ... ... Akagisu.

Yokohama.

553.—Neopercis sexfasciata (Vemminck & Schlegel) ... Toragisu.

Yokohama*.

Genus: PARAPERCIS Bleeker.

(Percis Schneider, not of Scopoli.)

554.—-Parapercis pulchella (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Togoroiwashi.

Nagasaki.

Family CHXXIIT.- SILLAGINED.E.

Genus: SILLAGO Cuvier.

555.—Sillago japonica Temminck & Schlegel Kisugo, Aogisu, Kisu

Yokohama

556.—Sillago sihama (Forskil )

Nagasaki; Kochi; ‘I'schifu; Yokohama*.

Family CKXXIV.-MALACANTHID =.

Genus: LATILUS Cuvier & Valenciennes.

557.—Latilus sinensis (Lacépède ) eee Amada, Kant.

(Latilus argentatus Cavier & Valenciennes.)

Nagasaki; Yokohama*, Tango.

Family CXXAY.—_URANGSCOPID.®.

Genus: GNATHAGNUS Gill.

558.—Gnathagnus elongatus (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... ... Aookoze.

Yokohama; Nagasaki

Genus: ICHTHYOSCOPUS Gill.

559.—Ichthyoscopus lebeck (Bloch) ... ... ... ... Mishimaokoze,

(Uranoscopus inermis Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

Yokohama.

110 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Genus: URANOSCOPUS Linnæus.

560.—Uranoscopus asper Temminck & Schlegel. ... Tenmondai-okoze.

Nagasaki; Simoda; Yokohama*.

561.—Uranoscopus bicinctus Temminck & Schlegel. ... Meganeuwo.

Nagasaki.

562.—Uranoscopus oligolepis Bleeker.

Nagasaki.

Group: DISCOCEPHALI.

Family CXXXVI.—ECHENEIDID.

Genus: ECHENEIS Linnaus.

563.—Echeneis naucrates Linnaeus ... ... ... ... ... Kobanzame.

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

Genus: REMORA Gill.

564.—Remora albescens (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Akakobanzame.

Nagasaki.

565.—Remora brachyptera (Lowe) ... ... ... .. .. Kobanzame.

(Echeneis pallida Temminck & Schlegel )

Yokohama.

566.—Remora remora (Linnæus.) ... ... …. …. . Kabanzame.

Nagasaki.

Group: CEPOLOIDEA.

Family CXXXVII.—CEPOLID.E.

Genus: ACANTHOCEPOLA Bleeker.

567.—Acanthocepola krusensternii (Temminck & Schlegel.) Akatachi-

uwo, Riugunotaimatsu.

(Cepola mesoprion Bleeker ; Cepola marginata and

C. limbata Cuv. & Val.)

Nagasaki.

FISHES OF JAPAN. LIL

Genus: CEPOLA Linneus.

568.—Cepola abbreviata Cuvier.

Yokohama; Koehi; Tango.

569.—Cepola schlegeli Bleeker ... ... o... o... ... .. Akatachi.

Japan.

Group: GOBIOIDEA.

Family CXXXVIKI,--CALLIONY MIDE.

Genus: CALLIONYMUS Linneus.

570.—Callionymus altivelis Temminck & Schlegel = Benitegurigoche.

Ohomura Bay.

571.—Callionymus hugueni Bleeker.

Nagasaki.

572.—Callionymus japonicus Houttuyn ... …. ... ... Yomegochi,

(Callionymus longicaudatus and ©. variegatus Temminck & Schlegel.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

573.—Callionymus lunatus Temminck & Schlegel.

Nagasaki.

574.—-Callionymus curvicornis Cuvier & Valenciennes Nezumigochi,

Nezuppo.

(Callionymus valenciennesi Temminck & Schlegel ;

? Callionymus inframundus Gill.)

Yokohama*; Yezo; Nagasaki.

575.—Callionymus richardsoni Bleeker.

Nagasaki.

576.—Callionymus benteguri Jordan & Snyder.

Yokohama*.

Family CXXXEX.

GOBIID.E.

Genus: ODONTOBUTIS Bleeker.

577.—Odontobutis obscurus (Temminck & Schlegel.) Donko, Doman,

Dorobo.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

112 D. S. JORDAN AND J. 0. SNYDER

Genus: ELEOTRIS Gronow.

(Culius Bleeker.)

578.—Eleotris oxycephale (Temminck & Schlegel.) ...

Lake Biwa*; Kurimoto; Nagasaki.

Genus: GOBIUS Linnæus.

(Rhinogobius and Ctenogobius Gill.)

579.—Gobius similis (Gill.)

Ishikawaken.*

Genus: ACENTROGOBIUS Bleeker.

580.—-Acentrogobius pflaumi (Bleeker.)

Nagasaki; Yokohama*.

581.--Acentrogobius yokohame (Günther.)

Yokohama.

582. — Acentrogobius gymnauchen (Bleeker.)

Yokohama*.

Genus: CHÆNOGOBIUS Gill.

(Gymnogobius Gill.)

583.—Chænogobius castaneus (O’Shaughnessy.)

Nagasaki*; Lake Biwa*.

584.—Cheenogobius knuteli (Bleeker.)

Nagasaki; Yokohama.

585,—Chenogobius brunneus (Temminck & Schlegel.) ...

(’Gobio olivaceus Temminck & Schlegel.)

Nagasıki

555.—Chænogobius macrognathus (Bleeker.)

Lake Biwa*; Yokohama.

\s7.—Cheeno_obius dolichognathus (Hilyendor‘.)

Near Yokohama; Toyo.

. Doman.

Kurohase.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 113

588.—Chenogobius ananlaris Gill.

Japan.

Genus: ABOMA Jordan & Starks.

589.—Aboma lactipes (Hiigendorf.)

River Tone*; Yokohama.

590.—Aboma heptacantha (Hilgendorf.)

Near Yokohama.

591.—Aboma urotænia (Hilgendorf )

Near Tokyo.

Genus: PTEROGOBIUS Gill.

592.—Pterogobius virgo (Temminck & Schlegel) ... ... Berahaze.

Nagasaki.

593.—Pterogobius elapoides (Gunther.)

“Japan” (Günther.)

Genus: SYNECHOGOBIUS Gill.

594.—Synechogobius hasta (Temminck & Schlegel) ... Akahaze.

Nagasaki.

Genus: ACANTHOGOBIUS Gill.

595.—Acanthogobius flavimanus (Temminck & Schlegel.) |... Haze.

Nagasaki; Yokohama.

Genus: CHASTURICHTHYS Richardson.

(Amblycheturchthys Bleeker.)

596.—Chæturichthys geneionemus (Hilgendorf.)

Near Yokohama.

597.—Chæturichthys hexanemus Bleeker.) ... ... ... <Akahaze.

Nagasaki; Lake Biwa*.

Genus: PARACHATURICHTHYS Bleeker.

598.—Parachæturichthys polynemus (Bleeker.)

“ Japanese Seas.” (Günther.)

114 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Genus: TRIFISSUS Jordan & Snyder.

599.—Trifissus ioturus Jordan & Snyder.

L. Biwa*.

Genus: TRIZENOPHORICHTHYS Gill.

600.—Triænophorichthys squamistrigatus Hilgendorf.

Ishikawaken*; Tone R*.

Genus: TRIDENTIGER Gill.

601.—Tridentiger obscurus (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... ... Torahaze.

Nagasaki.

Genus: PERIOPHTHALMUS Bloch & Schneider.

602.—Periophthalmus modestus (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Tobiuwo,

Tobihaze.

Nagasaki.

603.—Periophthalmus kelreuteri (Bloch.)

Fast Indies; ‘ Japan.”

Genus: BOLEOPHTHALMUS! Cuvier & Valenciennes.

604.—Boleophthalmus boddærtii (Pallas) ... ... ... Mutsugoro.

Nagasaki.

605.—Boleophthalmus pestinirostris (Gmelin.)... ... ... Mutsugoro.

Nagasaki.

Genus: TASNIOIDES Lacépède.

(Amblyopus Cuvier & Valenciennes; Odontamblyopus Bleeker ;

Psilosomus Swainson.)

606.—Tenioides lacepedii (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Warasubo.

Nagasaki; Omura.

Genus: TRYPAUCHEN Cuvier & Valenciennes.

607.—Trypaushen vagina (Bloch & Schneider.)

East Indies; Kobe.

1 Boleophthalmus chinensis Osbeck.

China; “ Japan.”

FISHES OF JAPAN. 115

Genus: LUCIOGOBIUS Gill.

608.—Luciogobius guttatus Gill.

Yokohama.

Genus: LEUCOPSARION Hilgendorf.

609.—Leucopsarion petersi Hilgendorf ... ... ... ... ... Shirasu

Streams of South Japan.

Group: XENOPTERYGII.

Family CXI.—GOBIESOCID.E.

Genus: LEPADOGASTER Gouan.

610.—Lepadogaster minimus Déderlein.

Misaki*.

Genus: LOPHOTOIDEI.

Family CXLI.—LOPHOTIDE.

Genus: LOPHOTES Giorus.

611.—Lophotes capellei Temminck & Schlegel ... ... Akanamada

Nagasaki.

Group: ATELEOPODOIDEI.

Family CXLIE—ATELEOPODID.E.

Genus: ATELEOPUS Temminck & Schlegel.

612.—Ateleopus japonicus Bleecker ... ... ... … ... Shiachifuri.

Yokohama; Nagasaki; Omura.

Group: BLENNIOIDEI.

Family CXLIIE.-BLENNELDE.

Genus: BLENNIUS Linneus.

613.—Blennius yatabei Jordan & Snyder.

Yokohama”.

116 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Genus: PETROSCIRTES Ruppell.

(Blennechis Cuvier & Valenciennes.)

614 — Petroscirtes japonicus Bleeker.

Yokohama.

615.—Petroscirtes elegans Steindachner.

Yokohama.

Genus: DICTYOSOMA Temminck & Schlegel.

616.—Distyosoma temmincki Bleeker ue ae + Dammangmpo

(Dictyosoma bürgeri Van der Hoeven.)

Shimabara.

Genus: OZORTHE! Jordan & Evermann.

617.—Ozorthe hexagramma (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... ... Dokin.

Shimabara.

Genus: OPISTHOCENTRUS Kuer.

(Blennophidinm Bonlenger.)

618.— Opisthocentrus ocellatus (Tilesius.)

(Gunellus apos Cuvier & Valenciennes; Opisthocentrus tenwis Bean

& Bean, from Port Morusan, North Japan; Opisthocentrus

quinquemaculatus Kner; Blennophidium petropauli Boulenger.)

Iturup*; Port Morusan ; Yeso.

Genus: BRYOSTEMMA Jordan & Starks.

619.—Bryostemma polyactocephalum (Pallas.)

(Chirolophus japonicus Herzenstein.)

Yeso*; Bering Sea.

IE Genus: PHOLIDAPUS Bean & Bean.

Pholidapus dybowskii (Steindachner.)

(Pholidapus grebnitzkii Bean & Bean.)

Iturup Island*.

Arce

FISHES OF JAPAN.

Genus: ENEDRIAS Jordan & Gilbert.

620.—Enedrias nebulosus (Temminck & Schlegel.)

(Centronotus subfrenatus Gill.)

Hakodate*; Mogi; Yokohama*

Genus: PHOLIS (Gronow)! Scopoli.

621.—Pholis dolichogaster (Pallas.)

(Gunellus ruberrimus Cavier & Valenciennes.)

Kuril Islands*; Volcano Bay; Yeso.

622.—Pholis taczanowskii (Steindachner.)

Strietok.

623.—Pholis crassispina? (Temminck & Schlegel.)

Japan.

Family CXLIV.—ZO0ARCID.E.

Genus: ZOARCES Cuvier.

§24.—Zoarces elongatus Kner x:

Amur River; North Japan.

Genus: NEOZOARCES Steindachner.

625.—Neozoarces pulcher Steindachner.

North Japan.

1. Pholis pictus (Kner.)

Iturup*.

2. Pholis fasciatus (Bloch & Schneiner.)

(Blennius tenia Pallas.)

Kuriles*; Bering Sea.

Genus: GUNNELLOPS Bleeker.

Gunnellops roseus (Pallas.)

Kuriles.

Genus: STICHÆOPSIS Steindachner.

Sticheopsis nana Steindachner.

Decastris Bay.

Genus: LEPTOCLINUS Gill.

Leptoclinus maculatus Fries.

tobben*.

117

Ginpo.

… Kazunagi.

118 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Family CXLV._BROTULIDE,

Genus: BROTULA Cuvier.

626.—Brotula japonica Steindachner & Déderlein.

Yokohama.

627.—Brotula multibarbata Temminck & Schlegel ... Itachiuwo.

Nagasaki.

Genus: MYXOCEPHALUS Steindachner & Dôderlein.

628,—Myxocephalus japonicus Steindachner & Déderlein.

Off Yokohama.

Genus: SIREMBO Temminck & Schlegel.

629.—Sirembo imberbis (Temminck & Schlegel.)

Nagasaki,

630.—Sirembo grandis Gunther.

Nippon.

Genus: HOPLOBROTULA Gill.

631.—Hoplobrotula armata (l'emiinck & Schlegel.)

Yokohama.

Family CXLVI.—FIERASFERIDE.

Genus: FIERASFER Cuvier.

632.—Fierasfer kagoshimanus Steindachner & Déderlein.

Kagoshima.

Group: ANACANTHINI,

Family CXLVil.—GADIDE.

Genus: POLLACHIUS Nilsson.

633.—Pollachius brandti (Hilgendorf.)

Yeso.

634.—Pollachius minor (Döderlein.) Rai

Yokohama.

Genus: LOTELLA Kaup.

635.—Lotella phycis Temrninck & Schlegel ... ... ... Isoainame.

(Lotella schlegeli Kaup.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 119

Genus: PHYSICULUS Kaup.

636.—Physiculus japonicus Hilgendorf.

Yokohama.

637.—Physiculus dalwigkii Kaup.

Atlantic; this or a similar species found off Yokohama

Genus: ELEGINUS Fischer.

(Tilesia Swainson ; Pleurogadus Bean.)

638.—-Eleginus navaga Kölreuter.

Bering Sea*; Decastris Bay; Yeso.

Genus: THERAGRA Lucas.

639.—Theragra chalcogramma (Pallas.)

Kuriles*; Robben*; Yeso.

Genus: GADUS Linneus.

640.—Gadus macrocephalus Tilesius.

Kuriles*; Sea of Okhotsk; Yeso.

Genus: GAIDROPSARUS Rafinesque.

(Onos Risso; Motella Cuvier.)

641.—Gaidropsarus pacificus (Temminck & Schlegel.)

Nagasaki.

Family CXLVill.—WACROURIDE.

Genus: ABYSSICOLA Goode & Bean.

642.—Abyssicola macrochir Günther.)

Off Enoshima ; off Yokohama*,

Genus: MOSELEYA Goode & Bean.

643.—Moseleya longifilis Günther.)

South of Yokohama.

Genus: CHALINURA Goode.

644.—Chalinura liocephala (Gunther )

Off Japan.

120 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Genus: CORYPHÆNOIDES Gunner.

645.—Coryphenoiles marzinatus (Steindachner & Döderlein.)

Yokohama.

646.—Coryphenoides altipinnis (Günther.)

Off S. Japan.

Genus: MACROURUS Bloch.

647.—Masrourus nasutus (Günther.)

Off Yokohama; Laccadives.

648.—Macrourus asper Gunther.

South of Japan.

Genus: CŒLORHYNCHUS Giorna.

649.—Celorhynchus japonicus (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... ... Hige.

Yokohama; Nagasaki; Umura; Shimabara.

650.—Celorhynchus parallelus (Günther.)

Off. S. Japan.

651.—Celorhynchus tokiensis (Steindachner & Döderlein.)

Yokohama.

652.—Celorhynchus australis Richardson ... ... ... ... Ilige.

Port Arthur; Japan.

653.—Cœlorhynchus kishinouyei Jordan & Snyder.

Yokohama*.

Genus: TRACHONURUS Gunther.

654.—Trachonurus villosus (Günther.)

Off Japan ; Philippines.

Group: HETEROSOMATA.

Family CXLiX.—PLEURONECTIDE.

Genus: VERASPER Jordan & Gilbert.

6 55.—Verasper variegatus (Temminck & Schlegel.)... ... Hoshigarei.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 121

656.—Verasper moseri Jordan & Gilbert.

Iturup*; Hakodate*

657.—Verasper otakii Jordan & Snyder.

Yokohama}.

Genus: PARALICHTHYS! Girard.

(Pseudorhombus Bleeker ; Chenopsetta Gill.)

658.—Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck & Schlegel) ... — Hirame.

(Rhombus wolfit Bleeker.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

659.—Paralichthys oligodon (Bleeker.)

(Perhaps identical with P. russelli of India.)

Nagasaki.

660.—Paralichthys oligolepis (Blecker.)

Nagasaki.

Genus: RHOMBISCUS Jordan & Snyder.

661.—Rhombiscus cinnamoneus (Temminck & Schlegel.) Ganzobirame.

Yokohama*; Nagasaki*; Hakodate*.

Genus: PLEURONICHTHYS Girard.

(Heteroprosopon Bleeker.)

662.—Pleuronichthys cornutus (Temminck & Schlegel.) Mochigarei,

Meitagarei.

Nagasaki; Hakodate*, Yokohama*.

Genus: LIMANDA?® Gottsche.

663.—Limanda yokohame (Günther.) .. ... ... .. …. Akagarei.

Yokohama*,

Genus: CLIDODERMA Bleeker.

664.—Clidoderma asperrimum (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Ishigaret.

Yokohama*; Hakodate; Nagasaki

1. Paralichthys swinhonis (Günther.)

Tschi-fu.

2. Limanda aspera (Pallas.)

Robben Islands*; Okhotsk Sea

122 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Genus: KAREIUS' Jordan & Snyder.

55.—Kareius scutifer (Steindachner.)

Tschifu ; Hakodate*; Yokohama*,

Genus: PLATICHTHYS Girard.

666 —Platichthys stellatus (Pallas.)... ... ... ... Takanohagarec.

Yeso; Robben Islands*; Saghalin*.

Genus: ENGYPROSOPON Gunther.

667.—Engyprosopon grandisquamus (Temminck & Schlegel.) Daruma-

garei, Marutagarei.

Nagasaki.

Genus: PLATOPHRYS’ Swainson.

(Rhomboidichthys Bleeker.)

668.—Platophrys myriaster (Temminck & Schlegel.)

Nagasaki.

Family CL, —SOLENDE.

Genus: ASERRAGGODES Kaup.

669.—Aserraggodes hartzfeldi (Bleek2r.)

Nagasaki,

670.—Aserraggodes japonicus (‘Temmiunck & Schlegel.)

Nagasaki; Misaki*.

671.—Aserraggodes kobensis (Steindachner.)

Kobe.

Genus: SYMPHURUS Rafinesque.

(Aphoristia Kaup; Ammopleurops Günther.)

672.—Symphurus orientalis (Bleeker.)

(Supposed to be from Japan.)

1. This genus is alliel to Liopsetta differing in the absence of scales and ia the

presence of certain large horny warts. ‘Ihe name is from the Japanese word Kurei ;

Mochigarei, Flounder.

2, Genus: LIOPSET'TA Gill.

Liopsetta obscura (Herzenstein.)

Iturup Island*.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 23

Genus: ZEBRIAS' Jordan & Snyder.

673.—Zebrias japonicus (Bleeker.)

Nagasaki.

674.—Zebrias quagga (Kaup.)

Nagasaki; Swatow*.

675.—Zebrias zebrinus (Temminck & Schlegel.) ... Shima-ushinoshita,

Shimagaret.

Nagasaki*.

Genus: USINOSTA? Jordan & Snyder.

676.—Usinosta japonica (Temminck & Schlegel.) Ushinoshita, Shita-

birame.

Nagasaki; Shimoda.

Genus: PARAPLAGUSIA Bleeker.

677.—Paraplagusia marmorata (Bleeker.)

East Indies; Japan (Bleeker.)

Genus: CYNOGLOSSUS Buchanan-Hamilton.

(Arelia Kaup.)

678.—Cynoglossus robustus Gunther.

Shanghai; Kobe.

679.—Cynoglossus interruptus Gunther.

Kobe; Hiogo; Nagasaki; Swatow; Yokohama*.

Genus: ARELISCUS’ Jordan & Snyder.

680.—Areliscus joyneri Gunther.

Yokohama*.

1. Zebrias differs from Synaptura in having the left pectoril rudimentary, reduced to

a small flap. The type is Synaptura zebrina (Temminck & Schlegel.)

2. Usinosta differs from Paraplagusia (=Plagusia) Cuvier (name preoccupied) in tke

presence of three lateral lines on the left side instead of twc. Eyes and color on the

left side. Ushinoshita is the Japanese name of Usinosta japonica.

3. Areliscus has three lateral lines; Cynogloxsus has two.

124 D. S. JORDAN AND J. ©. SNYDER

Family. CLAi—REGALECID®.

Genus: REGALECUS Brunniel.

681.—Regalecus pacificus Haast.

Sagami Bay; specimens in University of Tokyo.

Family CLIl.—_loPHIID®,

Genus: LOPHIOMUS Gill.

682.—Lophiomus setigerus (Vahl.)

Yokohama*; Nagasaki.

. Anko, Kutsuanko.

Wasamily CLI, ANTENNARIDA.

(Chironectes Cuvier.)

Genus: ANTENNARIUS Lacépide.

683.—Antennarius marmoratus (Bloch & Schneider.)...

Nagasaki.

Hanaookoze.

Kobe; Yokohama ;

684.—Antennarius tridens (Temminck & Schlegel ) … Izariuwo.

Yokohama; Nagasaki.

Family CLIV.—CERATID®.

Genus: CHAUNAX Lowe.

Dainanokoze.

685.—Chaunax fimbriatus Hilgendorf

Yokohama.

Fasnily CHV.—- ODGCOCEPHALIDA.

HALIEUTAA Cuvier.

Genus :

... Harianko, Iroanko.

686.—Halieutæa stellata (Vahl.)

Nagasaki; Kaminoseki.

FISHES OF JAPAN.

Supplementary Note.

Since the foregoing paper was prepared and the most of it was in

type, the authors have had the great good fortune to spend a summer in

field work on the fishes of Japan. By this means, and through the

generous codperation of Japanese naturalists, most of the species men-

tioned in these pages have been obtained and many new ones remain to

be added to the list. Several of the additions had been already noted by

Japanese naturalists in papers overlooked by us, because written in the

Japanese language. Among these are the valuable list entitled

“ Catalogue of the Vertebrated Animals of Japan” by S. OKADA (Tokyo,

1891). The useful “ Catalogue of Japanese Fishes” privately printed

by Dr. SHINNOSUKE MATSUBARA was also unknown to us. We made

little use of the “ Preliminary Catalogue of the Fishes in the Collection

of the Natural History Department of the Imperial Museum, ” Tokyo,

1897, by Dr. C. IsuıkawA and K. Matsuura, because we could not

readily test the accuracy of the identifications made, and because we

could not read the notes in Japanese. In our subsequent studies in the

field we have found this paper most helpful, The papers of Dr. H.

NAKAGAWA and of Dr. E. A. ANDREWS on the Japanese Lancelet we had

‘ unfortunately overlooked.

The following minor errors may be corrected. Trachurops

crumenophthalmus does not occur in Japan, Trachurops torvus having

been mistaken for it. The “ Shibi” is probably a species of Thunnus

and may stand as Thunnus sibi. Our specimen of Podabrus cottoides

came from near Miyako, Rikuchu, not from Tokyo Bay. The family

Veliferide is identical with Pteraclide, Aleteopodide and Lophotide

have no affinity with the Blennioid fishes. Ateleopus is close to

Macrouride, while Lophotes may be allied to the Coryphenide or other

Scombroid forms.

126 D. S. JORDAN AND J. O. SNYDER.

Cepola abbreviata should be suppressed,

Read Murena pardalis instead of Lycodontis pardalis.

Read Cottus Linneus, instead of Uranidea.

The nomenclature of the first thirteen families may be thus revised :

Class: CEPHALOCORDA.

Family I (a). Branchiostomidæ.

Genus: Branchiostoma Costa.

1 (a). Branchiostoma belcheri (Gray) ... ... ... Namekujiuco.

Misaki; several localities in Kyusyu.

Class: MARSIPOBRANCHII.

Order: Hyperotreta.

Family I (b). Homeide.

Genus I (b): Homea Fleming.

| (b)) Homea burgeri Girard.

Family I (c): Myxinide.

Genus: Myxine Linnæus.

1 (c). Myxine australis Jenyns.

Enoshima; Misaki.*

Order: Hyperoartia.

Family II. Petromyzonide.

Genus: Lampetra Gray.

2. Lampetra japonica (Von Martens) ... ... ... Yatsumeunagt.

Northern and western parts of Japan : many localities recorded

by HATTA.

2 (b). Lampetra mitsukurii Hatta (M.S.) ... ... ... Sunayatsume.

Southern parts of Hondo, from its medium portion south-

westerly : many localities noted by HATTA.

Class: PISCHS.

Subclass : Selachii.

Family III. Chlamydoselachide.

Genus : Chlamydoselachus Garman.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 127

13. Prionace glauca Müller & Henle.

Tokyo (Imperial Museum); Misaki (Imp. Univ.)

Genus: Scoliodon Müller & Henle.

14. Scoliodon walbeehmi (Bleeker).

Genus: Triakis Müller & Henle.

15. Triakis scylium Müller & Henle.

Family VIII. Sphyrnide.

Genus: Sphyrna Rafinesque.

16. Sphyrna zygæna (Linneeus).

Family VIII (b). Alopiide.

Genus: Alopias Rafinesque.

]

u

3 (b). Alopias vulpes (Linnæus )

Common from Tokyo* to Nagasaki *

Family IX. Lamnide.

Genus: Isuropsis Gill.

17. Isuropsis glauca (Muller & Henle).

Genus: Lamna Cuvier.

18. Lamna cornubica (Gmelin).

We find no trustworthy record of the occurrence of this

widely distributed shark in Japan.

Family IX (b). Carcharodontide.

Genus: Carcharodon Smith.

18 (b) Carcharodon carcharias (Linnaeus).

The jaws of this huge shark, from off Tokyo are in the Imperial

University.

Family X. Mitsukurinidæ.

Genus: Mitsukurina Jordan.

19. Mitsukurina owstoni Jordan.

Family X (b). Dalatiide.

Genus: Dalatias Rafinesque.

(Seymnorhinus Blainville ; Seymnus Cuvier).

1

10.

LI

D. S. JORDAN AND J, 0. SNYDER.

Chlamydoselachus anguineus Garman,

Family IV. Hexanchidæ.

Genus: Heptranchias Rafinesque.

Heptranchias deani Jordan & Snyder (M.S.)

Misaki* ; Nagasaki.

Family V. Heterodontidæ.

Genus: Heterodontus Blainville.

Heterodontus japonicus Macleay & Macleay.

Family VI. Scylliorhinide.

Genus: Catulus Smith.

Catulus bürgeri (Temminck & Schlegel).

Genus: Cephaloscyllium Gill.

Cephaloscyllium laticeps (Duméril).

Genus: Crossorhinus Miller & Henle.

Crossorhinus barbatus (Gmelin).

Genus: Chiloscyllium Müller & Henle.

Chiloseyllium indieum”(Gmelin).

Family VII. Galeide.

Genus: Carcharhinus Blainville.

Carcharhinus japonicus (Temminck & Schlegel).

Frequently taken from Hakodate* to Nagasaki.

Genus: Galeocerdo Miller & Henle.

(b). Galeocerdo tigrinus Müller & Henle.

Nagasaki.*

Genus: Galeorhinus Blainville.

Galeorhinus japonicus (Muller & Henle). ...

Common from Tokyo to Nagasaki.

Genus: Mustelus Cuvier.

Mustelus manazo Bleeker,

Genus: Prionace Cantor.

Mejirozame ; Wanizame.

Yerakufuka.

FISHES OF JAPAN. 129

19 (b). Dalatias americanus (Gmelin) ... ... ... ... Yoroizame.

(Scymnus lichia Cuvier).

Misaki (Imp. Mus.); Suruga (Okada).

Family X (c). Somnioside.

Genus: Somniosus Le Sueur.

19 (ec). Somniosus microcephalus (Black).

A very large example seen by us in the Market of Tokyo.

Family XI. Pristiophoride.

Genus: Pristiophorus Müller & Henle.

20. Pristiophorus japonicus Günther.

Family XII. Squatinide.

Genus: Squatina Dumeril.

21. Squatina japonica Bleeker.

Family XIII. Squalide.

Genus: Squalus Linnæus.

ID

D

Squalus mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder. ... ... Tsunozame (M.S.)

Generally common from Tsugaru Straits* to Nagasaki, the

types from Misaki,

Genus: Etmopterus Rafinesque.

(Spinax Cuvier).

22 (b). Etmopterus lucifer Jordan & Snyder (M.S.) ... Garasuzame.

Kuro Siwo, off Misaki, in deep water.

Genus: Centrophorus Günther.

23. Centrophorus foliaceus Gunther.

24. Centrophorus squamulosus Günther.

D4S2J.& 120.8:

Honolulu, Sept. 8, 1900.

Kia nat‘

(oui al Mai Zur TL a

Md uo 1 .

| ahead Jat

Bu rutz, = 02 er AU Ts

i aie mi) i

9 vy A Mra... 1

A x (dé | Que à cat

"à on De D oy iu

A

EN HIDE x.

Bee e es Blookori IR... ee nee one eee +. Richardson.

Cc. see, ses see vee eco oso Cuvier. Se ses ce ve oo «se 0. Schlegel.

D. see ease fae een (cio Döderlein. Net: ses tere seo eee (e Behnelder.

G. cos cee nee ve Swe ++ Günther. SZ 2 see se os Steindachner.

H. see eee nee ee nee. Hilgendorf. Bises cos ss eso seo oes Témminek.

L. vas (Mese woe ee... cvs Linnzeus. Vi... 00 een ..… .… ..… Valenciennes.

MR. Aire ese see sys) se Lacépède.

abbreviata C. (Cepola) ... ... ... ... ... 111 | aculeata Houttuyn (Aracana)... ... ... .. 94

abbreviatus T. & S. (Gonorhynchus) ... ... 56 | aculeatus Bloch & Se. {Stromateoides)... ... 70

Aboma Jordan & Starks … … « 113 | aculeatus Nystrom. (Hapalogenys) coo to LIE

Abudefduf Forskul ... ... ... ... ... 86 | acutirostris T. & S. (Histiopterus) cost valo VEE

aburazame Ran ee ses Ve see OF | acutus}Ruppelli(Stoliodon) <7. -.. ...u Te. 199

Abyssicola Goode & Bean ... ... ... 119 | adsukihata Sl CSO

Acanthias Risso... ... ... ... ... ... 40 | aérostaticus Jenyns(Ovoides) ... ... ... 95

Acanthocepola Bl. ... ... ... ... ... 110 | affinis Cantor (Gymnosarda)... ... ... ... 64

Acanthocottus Girard... ... ... ... 104 | affinis G. (Chilomycterus) ... ... ... ... 96

acanthodes Bl. (Bairdiella) ... ... ... ... 81 | affinis G. (Synaphobranchus)... ... ... ... 50

Acanthocybium Gill patie doce affinis G. (Halosaurus) ... ... ... .. ... 54

Acanthogobius Gill... ... ... ... ... 113 | affinis St. & D. (Pseudoblennius) ... ... ... 102

Acanthurus Forskal “fe oto pec tas ot) ayassızııPutnamı (paris)... 0.107

accipiter Jordan (Podothecus) ce Mat WT TLC cee, d'etre SOCAN CCR lc oo ccs, ul)

PUPCMNCMSCCMAEMEMENURCET set n (ose ste AED EGONASTO e cee cos! ses: wea) ese ste OD

Acentronura Kamp <.. ... ... -.. ... 68 | Agonldm... ... ... ... sc. cit cee cee 106

Achellognathus... ... ... ... ... ... 47 | Agonomalus Guichenot ... ... ... ... 106

Acheilognathus BI. ... ... ... ... ... 47 | agoo T. & S. (Cypselurus) ... ... ... ... 60

Acipenser L.... ... ... ... ... ... .. 44 | Agrammus G. ci ads ab cool a

Acipenseridze ler ere 2a eu | AGTAMMUS Ls de. 5° (Agpraminns)® NS Vin LOL

Acropoma T. & S. ... ... ... ... ... 72 | Agronurus (Gronow) G.... ... ... ... 91

METTI SI COTE ito ER. | RIGO 2 i De 198

a

134

D. S. Jordan & J. O. Snyder.

AGO ...

ainame

akaara

akaara T. & S

akabera

toa

akaei...

akagarei ...

akagisu

akagochi ...

akagochi

akahara

akahata

akahaze

akahaze 2

akajei Müller & Henle (Danyahicne

akakobanzame ...

akamanbodai

akamefugu

akamutsu …

akanamada

akaokoze

akasagi

akatachi

akatachiuwo

akatora-haze

aka-uwo

akitabira ...

ako

akosoi eee

alatus C. nn

albescens St. & D. (Sutaxities}

albescens T. & S. (Remora)

albimarginata T. & S. (Murzna) ...

albipinnis D. (Lucifer)

alboplumbeus (Richardson) ER >

albopunctatus T. & S. (Siganus)

alborubrum La. (Holocentrus)

Albula (Gronow) Scopoli

Albulidze a È such lees

albus (Zuieuw) (M tete)

Alectis Rafinesque

Alepisaurus Lowe ..

alleterata (Rafinesque) (Sana

92

A 101

Po

15

73

Alopias ...

altipinnis (G.) A

altivelis T. & S. (Plecoglossus)

altivelis T. & S. (Callionymus)

Alutera C.

amadai 2e

Amblyapistus Gill

Amblychaeturichthys BI.

Amblyopus C. & V. ...

AMECNOUWO...

americanus Gmelin (Dalatias)

Amia Gronow BI.

| Ammodytidze

Ammopleurops G. 5

Amphacanthus Bloch & Se. ...

Amphiprion Bloch & se.

Anacanthini

| anago T. & S.(C onerallhé)

amayo

anahaze Spe SO Pr

anahaze Bl. (Pseudoblennius)

anastomella (C. & V.) (Tylosurus). .

anchorago (Bloch) (Cheerops)...

Anguilla Thunberg ...

anguillaris La. (Plotosus)

angularis C. & V. (Serranus)...

Anguillidze Dents Hpac:

anguillicandatus Cantor (Misgurnus)

anguineus Garman (Chlamydoselachus)

anko ... uao

anna-carolina La. (Mene)

aunularis (C. & V.) (Lutianus)

annnlaris Gill (Chienogobius)...

annulata C. & V. (Belone) Er ee

annulatus Müller & Henle (Rhinobatus)..

anomalus (T. & S.) Triacanthodes...

anomalus (T. & S.) (Psenopsis)

Anoplus T. & S....

Antennaridze

Antennarius La.

Anthias Bloch ... ... <s. ses) ===

Antigonia Lowe ...

aobera

Aodon La. Ben La ‘ose Ra

.. 128

-- 120

UE

. 109

. 113

. 114

. 129

60

122

. 118

.. 102

. 102

öl

œ

@

a

Wir irc *

Aodontidze

aogisu

aookoze

aozame

Aphoristia Kaup DO

Aphthalmichthys Kaup...

Apistus C. & V.... >

Aplocheflus McClelland ...

Aploactis T, & S.

| Apogon La. ...

Apogonichthys BI.

apogonoides Bl. (Acropoma)...

Apolectus C. & V,

apos C. & V. (Gunellus)

Aprion C. & V. ce

aquila T. & S. (Myliobatis) ..

ara .

arab (Forskal) ae,

Aracana Gray

arafura (Apogon) Soke

arandoculis T. & S, fog peas)

Archamia Gill. cre

Archistes Jordan & Gilbert

Arctoscopus Jordan & Evermann

arcus (Bloch & Se.) (Ostracion)

Arelia Kaup... Sia eco mes

Areliscus Jordan & Snyder ...

areolatus japonicus Temminck (Serranus)

areolatus (Forskal) (Epinephelus) ...

argentatus C. & V. (Latilus) ...

argenteus (Euphrasen) (Stromateoides)

argenteus T. & S. (Tetraodon)

argenteus D. (Centrodermichthys)

Argentinidze Pall TPE

argentiventris Peters Giabiapnalaace’ :

Argo D. ..

Argyrocottus Herzenstein

argyrophanes R. (Saurida)

aries T, & S. (Sparus)

Arius C. & V. D, ICE

armata (Riippell) (Citula)

armata T. & S. (Hoplobrotula)

Artediellus Jordan

Aserraggodes Kaup ...

Fishes of Japan.

bis

. 102

76

94

46

. 108

.… 123

. 123

73

1109

. 102

69

. 103

Spe otto)

1105

.… 122

asotus L. (Parasilurus)

asper T. & S. (Uranoscopus) ...

asper C. & V. (Insidiator)

asper G. (Macrourus)

aspera Pallas (Limanda)...

asperrimum T. & S. (Clidoderma)...

aspora T. & S. (Aploactis)

Astrape Miller & Henle...

Ateleopodidze

Ateleopus T. & S.

Atherina Ih. ...

Atherinidze.

Atypichthys G.

Atypus G.

Aulacocephalus T. & S....

Aullchthys Brevoort...

Aulopodidze ...

Aulopus ...

Aulorhynchidze ...

Aulostomidze

Aulostomus Liu.

Aurata Risso o

aurantiaca D. (Neopercis)

aurantiacum T. & S, (Pelor) .

aurantiacus T. & S ieri

aurantiacus T. & S. (Amphacanthus;

auratus L. (Carassius)

anratus Houttuyn (Scomber) ...

aureovittata T. & S. (Seriola)

aureus T. & S. (Cirrhites)

3. (Cheetodon)

auriga Forskal (Chætodon)

aureus T. & S

auripes Jordan & Snyder (Chætodon) ...

australis R. (Coelorhychus)

australis Jenyns (Myxine)

Auxis Cuvier

awo-ara DS 3

awoara T. & S nas)

Axinurus Cuvier

ayu

ayubata

ayuka ke

ayumodoki

Soe 1110)

.… 105

4120

wae 121

CA

. 100

. 120

. 126

135

45

lila

uns

90

136

D. S. Jordan & J. O. Snyder.

bagio Peters (Muraenesox)

Bairdiella Gill

Balistapus Tilesius ...

Balistes L.

Balistidze

banhatatate Bl. Arai

Banjos Bl.

banjos R. (Anoplus)...

barbata St. (Pallasina)

barbatus Gmelin (Crossorhinus) 38

barberinus L. (Upeneus)...

barbus T. & S. (Hemibarbus)

Barilius Bl. ...

bathybius G. agi

Bathysebastes St.

Bathythrissa G.

Bdellostoma Muller & Henle

belcheri Gray ..

Bembras C. & V.

Bembrops Bl.

benhate = 3

bengalensis Bloch ee

benihagi

benimebaru

benitegurigochi.. ws 252

benmebari T. & S. ( Piscina

bensashi 3

bensasi T. & S. (Up a a

benteguri Jordan & Snyder (Callionymus) ...

bera

berahaze ... > os

berendti Peters (Siniperos)

Berycidze PO

berycoides H. (Const)

berycoides H. (Eteliscus)

Beryx Cuvier

beni Gilbert (Triglops)

biaculeatus Heckel (Gastrotokeus)

bicinctus T. & S. (Uranoscopus) ...

bicolor Brevoort (Tetraodon)

bifasciatus Riippell (Apogon) ;

bifasciatus Kuhl & van Hasselt Die

bimaculatus R. (Lagocephalus) ace

bipinnulatus (Quoy & Gaimard) (Elagatis) ...

...

50 | bivittata C. & V. (Elacate) 68

81 | biwe Jordan & Snyder (Gobio) 46

93 | blackistoni H. (Oncorhynchus) 55

92 | bleekeri G; (Atherina) -... ... -... u. OL

92 | bleekeri Day (Sciæna) 81

89 | bleekeri St. & D. Halicheres... 87

82 | bleekeri D. (Pterois) 99

82 | Blennechis C. & V. 116

107 | Blenniidae 115

127 | Blennius L. 115

84 | Blennophidium Boulenger 116

46 | Blepharis C. 68

47 | Blepsias C. EL,

50 | blochi Bl..(Dentex)... i. m... a

99 | boddærtii Pallas (Boleophthalmus) 114

52 | Boleophthalmus C. & V.... 114

37 | boops Forster (Priacanthus) ... 83

126 | dora ... 62

105 | bote ene 47

105 | Botia Gray ... aes 45

89 | brachyptera Lowe (Remora) . 110

76 | Brachyopsis Gill 106

92 | Brachysomophis BI.... 50

83 | Brama Bloch & Sc. 69

111 | Bramidæ 69

83 | Branchiostoma 126

83 Branchiostomidze Pe 126

83 | brandti St. RMB 104

111 | brandti Hilgendorf (Pollachius) 118

87 | brevicornis T. & S. (Ostracion) 94

113 | brevirostris T. & S. (Triacanthus)... 92

72 | brekii Bl. (Monacanthus) 93

62 | Brotula C. 118

75 | Brotulidse © 20-0 1022. cc at SALINE

77 | brunneus St. & D. (Serranus) 74

62 | brunneus (Brevoort) (Lagocephalus) 95

103 | brunneus T. & S. (Chenogobius) ... 112

58 | Bryostemma Jordan & Starks 116

110 | Bryttosus Jordan & Snyder oy AED.

95 | budai wos Aneel’ di. CC

71 | budai tte 163 . 89

73 | bürgeri (Girard) Gaia 37, 126

95 | biirgeri T. & S. (Catulus) 38, 127

67 | bürgeri T. & S. (Cyprinus) zee 46

Fishes of Japan.

bürgeri G. (Glaucosoma) x 17

bürgeri Van der Haven (Dietyosoma) ... 116

GE nce cee ARG Wer ro I 66

bursarius Reinwardt ( don). 96

bürgeri T. & S. (Lepidotrigla) 107

cærulescens Sauvage (Leuciscus) ... 48

Cæsiosoma Kaup sas Sadan SI

californiensis Eigenmann (Chilomyeterus) 96

Callicanthus Swainson 91

Callionymidze ET

Callionymus L. - I

Callyodon C. & V. ... ... .. 89

Calotomus Gilbert 89

calveti ©. & V. (Diacope) 76

candimaculata St. (Bembrops) 106

Canthidermis Swainson ... 93

Canthigaster Swainson ... C6

Canthigasteridze... ... 96

capellei T. & S. (Lophotes) 115

capriscus BI.(Balistes) 92

CODE NCES ene RE ET

Caprohonus Müller « Troschel ... 89

Caproidze Sea 89

capros (Antigonia) ... 89

Carangidze 66

Caranx La. 57

Carasslus Nilson 46

carbunculus C. & V. ( Etelis) .. Sy UT

Carcharhinus Blainville 38, 127

Carcharias Cuvier - 38

carcharias L. (Carcharodon) ... 128

Carcharodon à 128

cardinalis La. (Pagrus) ... > 79

carinatus C. & V. (Apogonichthys) 71

carolinus Lesson (Priacanthus) 83

carpio L. (Cyprinus) 45

Carpio Heckel ... ... ... 15

castaneus R. (Balistes) aa cot

castaneus (O’Shaughnessy) (Chenogobins) ... 112

Catulus Smith roe ye 38. 127

cataphractus Pallas (Gasterosteus ) 60

celebiens Bl. (Epinephelus) 73

Centridermichthys R. . 102

Centriscus Cuvier sc... ... ... ee wee

Centrogaster Hottouyn ... ... +.

Centrolophus La. ORI ECO O

Centropholis H. ... ... ... zu ... eee

Centrophorus G. ... ... ..

centropomus R. (Podabrus) ...

Cephalacanthiidze.

Cephalacanthus La....

Cephalopterus Duméril

Cephaloscyllium

cephalotus C. (Mugil)

cephalozonns BI. (Ophichthus)

Cepola L. Sen on sen) RE PR Er

Cepolidze On. fd

Ceratidze =e

Ceratocottus Gill der cee) Niece

Cestracion C.

Cestracion Gill

Chænogobius Gill

Chzenopsetta Gill

Chzetodon L.

Chætodontidæ -.. ... ... ss aco sss

Chætopterus T. & S.

Chæturichthys R. SU RS

chaleogramma (Pallas) (Theragra)...

Chalinura Goode

Champsodom G. ... ... Lee wee wee ce

Chanidze ele dep lun MC ano

CHA ROS ER SU. N e set cap

chanos Forskal (Chanos)...

GhiawnaAx owe.) ic. at cell seen een

Cheilio La. .... .... ero wen vee eo sce

Cheilodactylus La.

Cheïlodipteridæ ... ... ... ... ... eo

cheilodipteroides Bl. (Scombrops) ... ... ...

Cheilodipterus La.

Chelidonichthys Kaup ... ... +...

Chelidoperca Boulenger

chibiki

chika

Chilomycterus Bibron ... ... ... oe

Chiloseyllium Miller & Henle

Chimzera L. ...

Chimreridze. ... ci. cenci eni eno een

138 D. S. Jordan & J. 0. Snyder,

chinensis Osbeck (Salanx) fo: 55 | Clupea L,

chinensis (Basilewsky) (Eperlanus) 55 | Clupeidze éco

chinensis La. (Aulostomus) 59 | Cobitichthys BI. ...

chinensis T. & S. (Cybium) 64 | Cobitidze

chinensis Osbeck (Boleophthalmus) 114 | Cobitis L.

Chirocentridze 52 Cocotropus Kaup ...

Chirocentrus C. 52 | celestinus C. & V. (Glyphiodon) sco

Chironectes C. 124 | Cœlorhynchus Giorna

Chirus Pallas 101 | Coilia Gray ... re

Chlamydoselachidze ... ... 37 | colias Gmelin (Scomber)...

Chlamydoselachus Garman ... 37,127 | collaris Bloch {Chætodon)

chochouwo... : 90 | Cololabis Gill

Cherops Rüppell DAT 86 | coluber C. & V. (Gomggiuai!

cherorhynehus C. & V. (Lethrinns) 80 | colubrinus Boddaert (Myrichthy Byer.

Chorinemus C. 66 | columnæ Müller & Henle (Rhinobatus)...

chosenkamasu ... 52 | concatenatus Bloch (Lactophrys) ...

chözame 44 | Conger Cuvier

christat BI. nio 76 | Congrellus Ogilby EM iz:

Chromis C. ... Mr 86 | conspicillum Bloch & Schneider (Pachy-

chrysargyrus R. (Amphiprion) 86 nathus)

Chrysophrys C. & V. : 79 | Coris La. Rn.

chrysopleuron T. & S. (Upeneus) ... 84 | cornubica Gmelin (Lamna)

chrysops Hilgendorf (Liosacens) 96 | cornutus G. (Myliobatis)

chrysopterus C. & V. (Amphiprion) 86 | cornutus L. (Ostracion) ... ... ...

chuatsi Basilewski (Siniperca) 72 | cornutus T. & S. (Plenrenfebangay pee

Cichlops Müller & Troschel 108 | coronatus T. & S. (Hippocampus)

ciliaris (Bloch) (Alectis) ... cac 68 | Corusculns Jordan & Snyder

cinctus T. & S. (Plectorhynchus) ... 78 | Cosvula Jordan ...

cinerascens Day (Pimelepterus) 80 | Coryphæna L.

cinerea T. & S. (Alutera) 93 | Coryphænidæ

cinereus Forskal (Murænesox) ... 50 | Coryphzenoides Gunner ...

cinnamoneus T. & S. (Rhombiscus) . 121 | Cottidze ...

eirrhatum T. & S. (Bdellostoma) ... 37 | cottoides R. (Podstiraa) à

cirrhifer T. & S. (Monacanthus) 93 | crassispina T. & S. (Pholis) de

Cirrhilabrus T. & S. 82 | cristata D. (Seriola) c

Cirrhitidze 84 | crocodilinus Bennett (Brachysomophis)

Cirrhites La. LÉ sete A 85 | crocodilus Tilesius (Platycephalus)

cirrhosus Thunberg (Scorpzenopsis) ... 99 | Crossorhinus Müller & Henle

cirrhosus Pallas (Blepsias) . 101 | cruciatus (Urolophus) res

Citula Cuvier 68 | crumenophthalmus (Bloch) (Trachurops)

clarkii Bennett Amigo ... 86 | Ctenodon Swainson ...

claviger C. & V. (Enophrys) .. Se 101 | cubieusi(Ostracion) RER

Clidoderma Bl. . 121 | cuja Buchanan-Hamilton (Seiena)... ... +.

Clupanodon La. ... 53 | Culfus Bleeker ... Le»

cupido T. & S. (Thalassoma) ...

curacao (Bloch) (Abudefduf) ...

curta T. & S. (Botia)

curtus T. & S. (Parabembras)

eurvicornis C. & V. (Callionymus)...

euvieri T. & S. (Cyprinus)

cuvieri C. & V. (Salanx)...

cyclophthalmus Miiller & Troschel (Cichlops)

oyena (Forskal) (Eucinostomus)

Cynocephalus Gill

Cynoglossus Buchanan-Hamilton

Cyprinidze ec.

Cyprinus (Artedi) L.

Cypselichthys St. & D.

Cypselurus Swainson

dactylopterus (Helicolenus)

Dactylopterus La.

dainanginpo

dainanokoze

Dalatias.. 3:3 69

dalwigkii aes (etssioulus))..

darumagarei

darumaokoze

dashi

Dasyatidze -

Dasyatis Rafinesque

Dasybatis Blainville DA

datnia Buchanan-Hamilton (Sparus)

datsu

datsu St Aci

dea T. & S. (Iniistius)

deani Jordan & Snyder (Heptranchias)

decadactylus C. (Beryx) ...

Decapterus Bi,

Decaptus Poey

decastrensis Kner (Cottus)

delicatissimus D. (Caranx)

dentex St. (Osmerus)

Dentex Cuvier

depressa G. (Fistularia) ..

depressifrons R. D di)

dermoptera T. & S. (Myeteroperca)

diacanthus C. & V. (Epinephelus)...

Fishes of Japan.

59

108

81

Diacope C. & V.... ... ...

Diagramma C. :

diaphana Herrmann (Sternoptyx) ...

diaphanus Bloch & Se. (Ostracion)

Diastodon Buwdich ...

diceraus C. & V. (Ceratocottus)

Dicerobatis Blainville

Dictycsoma T & S.

Diodon L,

Dicdontidze .. :

Diploprion Kuhl & van Hasselt

Ditrema T & S. ong ae

djeddensis Forskal (Rhynchobatus)

dodecaedon Tilesius (Occa)

Doderleinia St.

doderleinii St. (Cypselurus)

Dojo ...

dokin.. x o

Sori ciogiater Pallas (Pholis)

dolichognathus H. (Chænogobins)

doman

donko.. = Re urn,

dorab (Forsk il) (Ckicoganteas)

dorobo

Dorosumatidzse wee

dorsalis G. (Bathythriesa)

dorsalis Gill (Pomacentrus)

dubius G. (Aprion) ... fo

dubius T. & S. (Priacanthus)...

dubius T. & S. (Upeneus)

ductor L. (Naucrates)

dumerili St. (Seriola)

Duymeeria Bl.

dybowskii St. pane

dybowskii (Hilgendorf) (U N

dybowskii (St.) (Pholidapus) ...

ebisudai

eboshikasago

ebosudai

Echeneididz

| | Echeneis L....

| Elacate C.

=

w

e

oom RI

JT & 1 QC

140 D. S.

Elagatis Bennett

elapoides G. (Pterogobius)

elegans (St. & D.) (Sebastodes)

elegans St. & yg

elegans St. (Petroscirtes)

Eleginus Fischer

Eleotris Gronow...

ellioti Day (Apogon)

elongata Bennett (Ilisha)

elongatus T. & S. (Gnathopogon) ...

elongatus T. & S. (Aulopus) .

elongatus St. (Pseudoblennius)

elongatus T. & S. (Gnathagnus)

elongatus Kner (Zoarces)

Elopidze ...

Elops L... ...

Embiotoca Agassiz

Embilotocidze

Emmelichthys R.

enalios BI. (Misgurnus) ...

Enedrias Jordan & Gilbert ...

Engraulldee ...

Engraulis C.

Engyprosopon G.

Enophrys Swainson...

eothinus R. (Pseudolabrus)

Ephipplase Ces

Epinephelus Bloch ... .

epistictus T. & S. (Serranus) ...

equula T. & S. (Caranx)...

Equula Cuvier .. ELSE”

equula T. & S. (Meuse)

erosum Langsdorf (Synancidinm) ...

Erythrichthys T. & S.

CHE MED ons! Slot de

esocinus T. & S. (Pseudogobio)

Esoidæ

Etelis C.... Be Moo eco es

Eteliscus Jordan & Snyder...

Etmopteurs ...

Etrumeus BI.

Etsgilus Brevoort

IES cost “cree. Son

Eucinostomus Baird

. (Centridermichthys) ...

sony hee

(LOL

66

. 113

98

. 103

. 116

2 119

112

71

53

47

56

.. 102 |

.. 109

DE GT;

52 |

52

85

82

45

A7

54

Jordan &

J. O. Snyder.

Exocsetidre

fasciatomaculatus Peters (Serranus)

fasciatus White (Apogon) ces

fasciatus (Forkal) (Epinephelus) ...

fasciatus T. &. S. (Oplegnathus)

fasciatus (Thunberg) (Hemigymnus)

fasciatus Forskal (Chætodon)

fasciatus Heckel (Trachidermus) ...

fasciatus Bloch & Sc. (Pholis)

ferox (Lowe) (Plagyodus)

Fierasfer C....

Fierasferidze..

| fimbriata D. PR

fimbriatus H. (Chaunax)...

firmamentum T. & S. (Tetraodon)...

Fistularia L.

Fistulariido

flagellifer T. & S. (Ctenolabrus)

flavimanus F. & S. (Acanthogobins)

flavocærulens S. (Caranx)

flavus Bloch & S. (Chætodon)

foliaeeus G. (Centrophorus) ...

forsteri C. & V. (Scombresox)

frenatus Gill (Amphiprion)

fronticornis La. (Naso) ...

fuefukidai dae Vers THIERS

FUN LUIDO aes pace eee) eee

Juka ...

fulvidraco R. (Beaadthapeialy

fumosus (Brevoort) (Etsgilus)

fumosus (Brevoort) (Teuthis)...

FUNG = Oh

Fundulichthys Bl. SI;

fuscescens (Houttuyn) (Siganus) ...

fuscus C. & V. (Gomphosus) ...

fuscus C. & V. (Platycephalus)

fuyedai

Gadidæ ... ... 00 soe coe see

Gadus L. EE e

Gaidropsarus R. oe wee 00

Galeidse. esa) MACE DI obs, 5 den D ets

Galeocerdo Muller & Henle...

Galeorhinus Blainville ... 39, 127

Gnleus Cuvier... .. attra 1089

gangeticus (Müller & ul tes 38

Fishes of Japan.

Gobiesocidre ...

Goblidze ...

Gobio C....

Gobius Linnzeus... ... +.

goma-soi

Gomphosus La.

gonbekusabi

gongoro

Gonorhynch ‘deze ...

Gonorhynchus T. & S.

gracilis S. (Belone) ... :

gracilis T. & S. (Gnathopogon)

| gracilis St. (Pseudolabrus)

ganzobirame ur?

garasuzame ~ 129) |

Waateronteldoo .... Lu: wc. sentais ous | 60 |

Gasterosteus (Artedi) L. ... ... ... ... 60

Gastrotokeus Heckel ERINNERTE

Gempylidat.. un. nen es ete) 2 65

Gempylus ©. & V. ... ... ... ... … 65

GENGONODURAMAGS: di Dre i ron i RT

geneionemus H. (Cheturichthys) … . 113

CPU TESTE tiven tee = we en OL

Genyoroge Cantor o... o... ... ... ... 76

Germo Jordan .., ES datto Ome

gerrardi (Gray) into) . “os Neg rot

EG SO net ied ee) nec, ose) Stee OL

VIAGRA TE da Tas RG. AS 144

GRDACHEN Wicca. wrens de ele. “acl ee RD

gibbosus R. (Cheilodactylns) .. PR. |

gibbosus L. (Lactophrys) .... ... ... ... 94

ae ar sers er IGS.

Helene T. & S. (@ylostrim) LN ml

PI e e A

gingochi . 104

gihagi PROM ea VERRI e se: 02

GATED: Coy BO Sg MOSS, EEA ee res res eee 192

PORTE Ti Tacs À cog VON OMR)

LU ess cat TRE e 954)

DOUTER “Coca Bho “Se co tee (68

ginpo ... Dal,

COSMETICA EAT RE E

Girella Gray Sa OCU ee CRE EC > 0)

Misia «nes th Wiese a ete bees 7196

gissu H. (Piglia). a: ar Oe

glaga Bl. (A pogbiichitirys) ee buco beat DM Ed

Glaucosoma T. & S.... ... sE 77

glaucus (Miiller & Henle) RD pcs) 40, 128

glaucus He (Sebastodes) +... ti … 197

globiceps (C. & V.) (Scarus)’ … .… ... ... 89

Glyphisodon La. TEL LA Oe

Gnathagnus Gill . 109

Gnathophis Kaup ... .. o... ... ... 49

Gnathopogon BI. Ke). lasse AT

gracilis T. & S. (Spratelloides)

gracillima T. & S. (Acentronura) ...

grammatocephalus T. & S. (Canthigaster)

grandis Giiunther (Sirembo) ... x

grandisquamus T. & S. (Engyprosopon)

grebnitzkii Bean & Bean (Pholidapus)...

griseus T. & S. (Gymnocranius)

griseus D. (Malakiehthys)

guchi ... pi oro

Gunellops Bleeker

giintheri H. (Lepidotrigla)

giintheri BI, (Lethrinus)...

guttatus Gill (Luclogobius)

guttatus T. & S. (Platycephalns)

Gymnapistus Gill ne

gymnauchen BI. (Acentrogobins) ...

Gymnocanthus Swainson

Gymnocranius Bl.

Gymnogobius Gill

Gymnosarda Gill

haberi H. ae

hae :

hæmatochilus T. & S. ‘(Mugil)

hæmatopterus T. & S. (Cyprinus)...

hæmatopterus T. & S. (Lethrinns)...

Hzemulidze

hakamaara

hakkakuuwo a

hakodatis Jordan & Eds (Setiantaaee

hakofugu ...

. 112

. 106

lls

--. 122

. 116

mec LEYS

. 107

.. 115

. 105

. 112

. 104

64

46

142

hakonensis Ishikawa (Leneiseus) ...

hakuensis G. (Leuciscus)

Halatractus Gill...

Halicampus Kaup

Halicheres Rüppell...

Halieutzea C. ves caso eee

Halosauridre

Halosaurus Johnson

hamlini Jordan & Gilbert (Podaittenna)

hamo .

hamo T. & S. n

hamrur Forskal (Piana

hanaookoze =

Hapalogenys R. ...

harianko

havifugu

harigochi ...

harimutsu ...

Harpodon Le Sueur ...

Harpurus Forster

Harriotta Goode..

hartzfeldi BI. (Ascmaggodin) i

hasta St. (Chrysophrys) ...

hasta T. & S. (Synechogobius)

IO Sag 0 co con dr ac

hatahata ne nee

hatatatedai

haya ..

haze ... “coo | en

heberi Bennett (Cale

REGO ea) estes Das aa ai

Heliases C.

Helicolenus Goode & Bean

Hemibarbus Bl. ... ... +.

Hemigymnus Bl. ...

Hemilepidotus C.

hemilepidotus Tilesius (Hemilepiats)

Hemiramphidze ...

hemistictus T. & S. (Chelidoniehthys) ..

Hemitaurichthys Bl.

Heniochus ©. & V.

hepaticus Riippell (gegen)

heptacantha H. (Aboma)... ...

Heptatrema Duméril

...

48

66

58

87

. 124

54

. 106

50

|

D. S. Jordan & J. O. Snyder.

| Heptranchias

|

Heterodontidze

Heterodontus Blainville..,

| heterognathus BI. (Gnathophis)

50 |

83 |

. 124 |

78 |

. 124 |

96

. 105

65

56

91

80

. 113

47

. 108

91

48

cul Liss

67

79

86

98

46

88

.… 103

. 103

60

107

90

91

51

. 113

37

Heteroprosopon BI. ...

Heterosomata ...

Hexagrammidze ... .

hexagramma T. & S. (Ozorthe)

Hexagrammos Steller

hexagrammus T. & S. (Labrax)

Hexanchidze . vee

hexanemus BI. (Cheoturichthya)

higai ...

hige ...

higedai ai pr

hilgendortii D, (Helicolenns)

hilgendorfi St. (Uranidea)

Himantura Miller & Henle...

hime ...

| himeji

rotor)

.. 122

himekodai... SP ae

Hippocampus Rafinesque

Hippocephalus Swainson

hippos L. (Caranx) ..

hippurus L. (Coryphæna)

hira ...

hiraaji

hiradsu

hirakonoshiro …

hirakuchieso

hiramasa ...

hirame

hirekasago

hirundinacea C. & v. (Chailäoperen)

heshijugul::- o te

Histiobranchus Gill...

Histlopterus T. & S.

havana: ce. ar RE

Mokona

hokobuka ...

Holacanthus La.

holacanthus L. (Diodon)

Holocentridze

Holocentrus (Gronow) Scopoli

...

»127

vi 38

38,127

49

29121

24120

“50401

. 116

. 101

sat OS

1107

Fishes of Japan.

Homea Fleming .. 37, 126

Homeidze co 37

homogenes G. Bate 47

homozonus G. (Barbus) ... 47

honbera 87

hosogichi ... 168

Hoplobrotula Gill elle

Hoplostethus C. & V. 63

hoshifukuto 95

hoshigarei... ... a. 120

hoshimouwo 98

hoshizame.. 39

hiuchidai ... os we 168

hugueni Bl. (Galligan) Sa

hyalocranius Abbott (Salax) ... 56

Hymenophysa MeClellana 45

Hypomesus Gill ... 54

Hypoptychus G. 60

Hyporhamphus Gill 60

hypselopterus BI. (Velifer) 69

hypselosomus BI. (Dentex) ... .… +... 77

Hypsinotus T. & S. ... 89

hystrix L. (Diodon)... : 96

hystrix Kaup (Hippocampns) Cat Mt ee OO.

Ichthyoscopus Gill 109

igunowo 52

ikkakuhagi 91

Misha Gray . ria 11108

imberbis T. & s. ‘(Sirembo) . 118

immaculata C, (Fistularia) 59

immaculatus S. (Ostraction) ... 94

inada ch

indieum (Gmelin) (Chiloseyllium) 38, 127

indicus Kuhl & van Hasselt (Kyphosus) 80

indieus C. & V. (Naucrates) ... 66

indicus C. (Notorhynchus) eon

indicus L. (Platycephalus) … 104

indicus Bl. (Stolephorus) 54

indicus Shaw (Upeneus) . 84

inegochi ... one EE . 104

inermis Forskal (Cheilio) 88

inermis T. & S. (Lagocephalus) 94

inermis T. & S. (Scolopsides) 79

inermis C. & V. (Sebastodes)... 97

inermis C. & V. (Uranoscopus) 109

inframundus Gill (Callionymus) 111

Inlistius Gill “re Mise 88

Insidiator Jordan & Snyder 105

insidiaior (Forskal) (Platycephalus) 104

intermedia T. & S. (Serivla) .. 66

intermedium S | (Aerea) 47

intermedius T. & S. (Gymnocanthus) ... 104

intermedius Kaup (Trachyrhampus) 58

interruptus G. (Cynoglossus)... 123

Lophlide i... ws ne cee 124.

ioturus Jordan & Sarda (Trifissus) 114

AROLIV ROM CRE TC ES RC CPE ey eer 124

isaki … EN aio 78

Ischikavia Jordan & Snyder 48

YEN beck” sce 82

ishigakidai 82

ishigarei ... 121

ishimochi ... 81

ishinagi sea, SHES 73

ischinagi H. (Megaperca) ... ... ... ... 73

isoainame ... 118

RSOUUMG A. (tes co 85

isotrachys G. (Raja). Do 42

Istiophoridze Een

Istiophorus La. ... 10100

Isuropsis Gill 40, 128

itachiuwo ... 118

itomakiei ... 43

ito-uwo 55

itouwo 60

itoyori cn 77

CLOS eos to Mpa too. | eon morc 63

iwashi 53

iyagobata ... 74

TEUTUUWOY saw e n e 124

izasa .. 54

janesabo BI. (Scomber) ... .… ... .. + 68

jaok C. & V. (Myoxocephalus) 104

japonica T. & S. (Anguilla) 51

japonica T. & S. (Astrape) 41

japonica Bl. (Atherina) ... GL

144 D. S.

japonica H. (Brama) ... ...

japonica St. & D. (Brotula) ...

japonica T. & S. (Cobitis)

japonica T. & S. (Coryphæna)

japonica BI. (Duymæria)

japonica Bl. (Lepidotrigla)

japonica T. & S. (Prionace) ...

japonica T. & S. (Pseudosciæna) ...

japonica T. & S. (Pteroplatea)

japonica Nystrom (Raja)

japonica T. & S. (Sillago)

japonica C. & V. (Sphyreena)...

japonica BI. (Squatina) ...

japonica T. & S. (Usinosta) ...

japonicum G. (Acropoma)

japonicum (Diagramma) ...

japonicum D. (Melanostoma)...

japonicum C. & V. (Pelor)

japonicus T. & S. (Amphiprion)

japonicus (Miiller & Henle) (Aodon)

japonicus St. (Arctoscopus) ...

japoniens T. & S. (Aserraggodes) ...

japonicus BI. (Ateleopus)

japonicus Brevoort (Aulichthys)

japonicus G. (Anlopus) ...

japonicus C. & V. (Bembras)...

japonicus Houttuyn (Callionymus)

japonicus C. & V. (Calotomus)

japonicus D. (Centrolophus) ...

japonicus Herzenstein (Chirolophus)

japonicus T. & S. (Celorhynchus)

japonicus T. & S. (Cheerops)...

japonicus Gill (Cichlops) ... ..

japonicus St. & D. (Cypselichthys)

japonicus Bl. (Eucinostomus) see

japonicus T. & S. (Engraulis)

japonicus Miiller & Henle (Galeorhinus)

japonicus St. (Gasterosteus) ...

japonicus Macleay (Heterodontus)...

japonicus Kaup (Hippocampus) ...

japonicus Hilgendorf (Hoplostethus)

japonicus Brevoort (Hyporhamphus)

japonicus D. (Labracopsis) ... ...

japonicus C. & V. (Lateolabrax) ...

Jordan & J. O. Snyder.

w

dv

T I STD

mn

ES

> 260

38, 126

japonicus BI. (Leptocephalus)

japonicus (Sauvage) (Leuciscus) ...

japonicus G. (Macrorhamphosus) ... ...

japonicus Houttuyn (Monocentris) …

japonicus T. & S. (Mugil)

japonicus C. & V. (Myripristis)

japonicus St. & D. (Myxocephalus)

japonicus Bloch (Nemipterus)

japonicus Brevoort (Osmerus)

japonicus St. (Paracirrhites) ,..

japonicum C. & V. (Parapristipoma)

japonicus D. (Pempheris) ... ... ...

japonicus D. (Pentaceros)

japonicus (Pallas) (Percis)

japonicus Von Martens (Petromyzon) ...

japonicus BI. (Petroscirtes)

japonicus H. (Physiculus)

japonicus T. & S. (Platax)

japonicus Tilesius (Platycephalus)

japonica G. Polymixia ... ... …

japonicus C. & V. (Priacanthus) ...

japonicus G. (Pristiophorus) ... ... ...

japonicus D. (Pseudanthias) ...

japonicus St. (Pseudoblennius) ...

japonicus (Bloch) (Scolopsides)

japonicus Houttuyn (Scomber)

japonicus T. & S. (Silurus)

japonicus Houttuyn (Stolephorus)...

japonicus D. (Trachichthys) ...

japonicus T. & S. (Traeburus) ... ...

japonicus T. & S. (Trichiurus)

japonicus Houttuyn (Upeneoides)...

japonicus BI. (Zebrias) ... ... …

japonicus C. & V. (Zeus)

japoniensis Pallas (Salmo) ... ... …

javanensis La. (Monopterus) ... ...

javanica Kaup (Moringua)

jello C. & V. (Sphyræna) ... ...

jingameaji

joyneri G. (Areliscus)

joyneri G. (Mugil) ...

joyneri G. (Sebastodes) ... ... ...

Julis Co... vee vee tee nee nee

. 123

Fishes of Japan.

Julis G, ...

junorui ?

kabanzame

kaerufugu...

kagokakidai

kagamidai..

kagoshima st. & D. (escano)

kagoshimanus St. & D. (Fierasfer)

kagurazame

kahagi

ROntkal Cic

kamasu

kamasuka ..

kaminariuwo

kanafugu ...

kanagashira

kandai

kanado

kanetataki

kanpachi ...

kanzashidai

karakusafugu ...

karasumibora ...

ER RS) Gave

Kareius Jordan & Snyder ...

kasago ni

kasmira Forskal i,

FASUDE Ata le reo

kasugodai ...

kasuzame ...

katsuofugu ... ...

katsuwo

kattaizame

kawabisha

kawagofugu =

kawamebari T. & S. (Bryttosus)

kawamebaru

kawamutsu ... +.

kawasaki ...

kazunagi ... ...

kenojei Miiller & Henle ( Raja)

Keris C. & V.

88

keshimoyo...

kibunaiwashi

kichigaiunagi ...

kidako

kidako ass

kidako T. & S....

kihadamaguro ...

kihobo

kijenoiwo ..

kimmedai ...

kinchakufugu ...

kindai

kinkodai ...

kinsetisaki

kirinotobuka

.… 108

64

62

96

63

38

kisbinouyei Tone & erde (Celorlifnohoe) 120

Kisten.

kisu ...

kisugo SIE

kisutch (Oncorhynchus) ...

kitamakura

kitsunedai... ... -- soe, ad

knuteli Bl. (Chanigobing):

kobanzame

kobensis St. loges) |

kobudai

kochi ..

isiveatori Bloch. (Periophthalmus)

kogumeso ...

koi

koichi out Sod) fo

koilomatodon Bl. (Hlaltonsapnd)

komonfugu “As

komonoiwo Se =

komuki BI. (Micuscantivia)

kongofuna... .. +»

KONDENW ONE Mep ee

Konosirus Jordan & Snyder

KOOMURG ta cr.

ROFOZAME! (aes, un un

UT ATEI art her euer dee

KOShOG IR CE. een

kowal T. & S. (Clupea) ...

Kowala C. & V....

52

109

. 109

55

96

87

2

sio.

. 122

. 114

146

D. S. Jordan & J. 0. Snyder.

krusensternii T. & S. (Acanthocepola)...

kuda (Hippocampus) u

kuhlii Müller & Henle Dei

kujime PR oon) Pe Ce ee

kumu Lesson & Garnot (Chelidonichthys) ...

kundsha Walbaum (Salvelinus)

kurita Rüppell {Scolopsis)

kurodai

kurohaze ...

kuromebaru

kuromutsu

kurohobo ...

kurosagi

kurotatsu .

ES .

siga Cane

kurra C

kurroides BI. (Decapterus)

kurumadai

kutsuanko...

kuzuna

Kyphosidæ ...

Kyphosus La.

Labracoglossa Peters

Labracopsis St. & D.

Labrax Pallas

Labridæ..

lacepedii T. ss Ss. (Twnioides)

lactipes H. (Aboma)

Lactophrys Swainson

leve G. (Ditrema)...

levigatus Tilesius (Agomus) ...

levis Nystrom (Bembras)

levis T. & S. (Rhinobatus)

Lagocephalus Swainson...

lagocephalus (Pallas) (Hexagrammos) ...

langsdorfi T. & S. (Cyprinus)

Lamna Cuvier

Lamnidæ Bae Pees US

Lampetra Gray....

40,

Lampridæ

Lampris Retzius È = ==

lanceolatum T. & S. (Aclieiladmabtns) >

langsdorfi C. & V. (Oplichthys)

DALLO.

59

42

- LOL

107

55

Lateolabrax Bl. ... one

laticaudus Miiller & Henle (Solide i

laticeps Duméril (Catulus)

latifasciatus T. & S. (Epinephelus)

Latilus C. & V.

latipes T. & S. pre

latus Agassiz (Caranx) >

lebeck Bloch (Ichthyoscopus)...

Leiobatus Bl.

Leiocassis Bl.

Leiognathidæ

Leiognathus La.

Lepadogaster Gouan ...

leopardinum C. & V. (Blactopona): =

Lepidaplois Gill...

Le pidopodidz

Lepidopus Gouan

Lepidotrigla G.

Lepomis... vee

Leptocephalidze ...

Leptocephalus Gmelin

Leptoclinus Glil =.

leptognathus BI. (One

Lethrinus C.

Leuciscus C.... +

leucomænis Pallas (Salmo)

Leucopsarion H....

Leucosoma Gray Glare thus woah nee,

Limanda Gotische

limbata C. & V. (Cepola)

limbatum T. & S. (Acheilognathus)

limbatus (Eydoux & Souleyet) (Saurus)

lineatus T. & S. (Apogon)

lineatus T. & S. (Plotosus) ... ... «+

lineatus T. & S. (Tetrodon) ...

lineolatum C. & V. ee DE

Liobagrus H. ... ... cer see 00

liocephala G. (Chalinura) bot

Liopsetta Gill ... ... ... ..

Liosaccus Ge... ... eee see ce

Liparididze ... ... ... see

Liparis (Artedi) Scopoli...

longicaudatus (Callionymus) ... ... ...

longifilis G. (Moseleya) ... ... ... |...

119

122

at

. 119

longipinnis Lowe (Taractes) ...

longirostris T. & S. (Hippocampus)

longirostris B. (Leiocassis)

longispinus T. S. (Chrysophrys)

longispinis St. (Lepidotrigla)...

longispinis (C. & V.) (Paracentropogon)

longispinis C. & V. (Tetraroge)

Lophiomus Gill ...

Lophotes Giovus...

Lophotidze

Loricati ..

Lotella Kaup

Lucifer D.

Luciogobius Gill

lucius T. & S. (Saurus) ...

luna (Gmelin) (Lampris)

lunare C. & V. (Thalassoma)...

lunaris Bloch & Sc. (Lagocephalus)

lunatus T. & S. (Callionymus)

lutescens Brevoort (Julis)

Lutianidæ

Lutianus Bloch ...

Lycodontis McClelland

maaji =

machnata Rüppell (Elope)

macracanthus C. & V. (Priacanthus)

macrocephalus Tilesius (Gadus)

macrochir G. (Abyssicola)

macrochir G. (Sebastolobus) ...

macrognathus B. (Chaenogobius) ...

macrolepidotus L. (Heniochus)

macrolepis BI. (Insidiator)

macroptera BI. (Archamia)

macropterus T. & S. (Germo)

Macrorhamphosidre ...

Macrorhamphosus La.

macrorhynchus BI. (Oxystomus)

macrostomus G. (Oncorhynchus) ...

Macrouridze ... ...

Macrourus Bloch

maculata T. & S. (Cobitis)

maculata Bloch & Sc. (Mene)

maculata St. & D. (Pikea)

Fishes of Japan. 147

maculatus (Balistes) ... ... ... u. ....98

maculatus Bloch (Bpinephelie) 74

maculatus R. (Hapalogenys) ... ... ... ... 79

maculatus Fries (Leptoclinus) RE EA

maculatum Bloch (Plectropoma) 73

maculatus Thunberg (Tachysurus) ... ... 45

TAS acer’ M ARI PO. TO

ICH E OMO N eco ICE CORRA e a

ULIVO AR RENE AR EE RER PE RCE

mahagi ... … Se est UE MO,

major T. & S. Pr) CRT te)

IHRJ0r29... (Scomber)s mr. see Neon oo ES

makua Jenkins (Ranzania) ... ... ... ... 97

malabaricus Bloch & Se. (Lutianus) ... ... 76

Malacanthidæ ... ... o... ... ..…. ..…. 109

Malakichthys D. sr I Nt a Lae

malanogastrum BI. (Acheilognathus) ... ... 47

malleus Shaw (Zygena)... ... ... .. . 39

TANT ALSTOM en. LA wed tea)

manazo ea MCO 39, 127

manazo BI. (Matta) FORT A EE doc (oo

DANONE LR RE ER I

UDINE Sa BEI eee eee ire TES LUS

MANN EE ea Te MU Nee DL REA 69

margaritaceus H. (Anthias) ... ... ... ... 75

marginalis Bloch (Epinephelus) ... ... ... 74

marginata (Cepela) 7. 1.5.2, «.. =. % O

marginatus V. (Leptocephalus) ... ... ... 49

marginatus C. & V. (Lutianus) 76

marmorata BI. (Paraplagusia) Seo sce, ee, 12

marmoratus Bloch & Sc. (Antennarius) … 124

marginatus St. & D. (Coryphenoides) ... ... 120

marmoratus C. & V. (Helicolenus) cog ween ns.

marmoratus (Pseudoblennius) N

zurmeratus D . (Pseudoblennius) ... ... . 103

maruadsi T. & S. (Caranz) ... ... +... 67

NEN eo joes) (seemless) niu etaOG

TLORULETORCU MS ee nsc essen. bese ee

MIASOILI (SANG) seep. die. CO

MIU URTI n i A IO

VEREIN wos RSI ES

matodaiı res Mi conn sock hore, RS I)

matoides C. & V | (Teuthis) Se tee bare secs

matsubarie H. (Sebastodes) ... ... ... ... 98

148

matsukasauwo . de x

mayedæ dans & mere (Gobio)..

meaji...

medai

medaka GED

mediterraneus (Hoplostethus)

meeki Jordan & Snyder (Congrellus)

meerdevortii Bl. (Platycephalus) ...

meerdevoorti Bl. (Raja) ...

meganeuwo

Megaperca H. .

megastomus G. (Congrellus) ...

megochi

meitagarei

mejimaguro

mejinadai ...

mejirozame 53

melanetus T. & S. (Opens)

melanichthys R. (Girella) BER

melanopterus Quoy & Gaimard (Gazeta

hinus) cep eee

melanostictus T. & S, en)

Melanostoma D.... ... ce

melanostoma T. & S. (Clupea) :

melas Kuhl & van Hasselt (Abudefduf)

melo R. (Trachinotus)

menada

Mene Lacepede

Menidze ... .

merra prepa :

mesogallicus C. (Chaetodon) ...

Mesoprion C. & V.

mesoprion BI. (Cepola) ...

Mesopus Gill. e

meyeri G. (Priacanthus)...

mnicrochir G. (Harpodon)

microdon Bl. (Salanx)

microptera G. (Lepidotrigla) ...

micropus T. & S. (Etrumeus)

microzewskii St. lee or.

midsukuri -

mikadoi H. ian À

minimus D. Ghepadonestee

minokasago

... 104

. 121

62

AG

67

70

vl

63 |

49

. 104 |

42 |

73

49

72

. 115

io |

+ S. Jordan & J. O, Snyder.

minor T. & S. (Leuciscus) 47

minor T. & S. (Muræua) 51

minor D, (Pollachius) 118

minor S. (Scomber)... 63

| Minous C. & V.... 100

miostoma G. (Scorpzenopsis)... 99

‘misakishiira 68

Misgurnus La. … 45

mishimaokoze ... sia: rita USS . 109

mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder. (Psendotolithus). 81

Mitsukurina Jordan 40, 127

Mitsukurinidæ ... 40

mitsukurizame ... TS FEA ced 40

mitzukurii Cramer (Sebastodes) ... 98

mitsukurii Hatta (Lampetra) 126

mizutengu 56

mo-ara 74

moara T. S. (Serranus) ... 74

Mobula Rafinesque ... 43

mochigarei 121

mochigarei se So ee 122

modestus T. & S. (Chætodon) 90

modestus T. & S. (Periophthalmus) 114

modestus G. er. 93

mnogarafugu 20, 93

mohnikei B. (Hippocampus) .. 58

Mola Cuvier... 97

mola L. (Mola) 97

Mollaze 3 nta. SR A

molucca T. & S. (Pempheris) Soe, ep RO

Monacanthidz 93

Monacanthus C.... 93

Monocentridze AE … 62

Monocentris Bloch & Sc. .. 62

Monoceros Bloch & Sc. See St

monoceros Osbeck (Alutera) ... ... ... +. 93

Monopteridze DRE tact fiat)

Monopterus La.'... i i. Tec Bares AO

monstrosa T. & S. (Chimera) ... we 43

Moringuidze:.. ... eo. 020 sacl iste Po OL

Moringua Gray ... ... ... ... … .. 51

moroko 7 nee O

morrhua C. V. (Epp) DO, Seas

Moseleya Goode & Bean... ... .. 119

Fishes of Japan.

moseri Jordan & Gilbert (Verasper)

Motella Cuvier

MOUWO un nee

Saal

a LIS).

97

mucronatus Eydonx & ee Era

logenys)

Mugil L.

Mugilidze

mugitsuhi

Mullidze

multibarbata T. & s. (Brotula)

multifasciata D. (Neopercis) ...

Murzenesocidze

Murzenesox McClelland

Murzenidze

muroadsi T. & S. Desideri)

murogji ...

Mustelus C....

mutsu

mutsugoro

Myliobatid:e PRE

Myliobatis Duméril ...

myons Bloch & Se. (Saurus) ...

Myoxocephalus (Steller) Tilesius

myriaster Brevoort (Leptocephalus)

myriaster T. & S. (Platophrys)

Myrichthys Girard...

Myridæ ... ...

Myripristis C.

Myrus Cuvier

Mystriophis Kaup

Mystus La.... Seon see

Myxocephalus St. & D. ...

nagoyafugu ...

najasahi ...

NAMAZA ci. “ci.

nana S. (Stichæopsis)

nanukazame

Narcobatid2...

Naseus G. enh Fe

nasicornis T. & S. ( PAETTTASA

Naso Lacépède

Nasonus Rafinesque

nasus T. & S. (Coilia)

nasus (Bloch) (Konosirus) ...

nasutus G. (Macrourus) ...

Nauclerus C.

Naucrates Rafinesque

| naucrates L. (Echeneis)... ... ... «+

navaga Kölreuter (Eleginus) ...

nebulosus T. & S. (Enedrias)

nebulosus C. & V. (Epinephelus) ...

| nebulosus T. & S. (Zenopsis)

nebutodai ...

nedsumi ey me

neglecta Heckel apt

neglecta T. & S. (Scorpæna) ...

nekozame ... Sect) ast ao

nematacanthus BI. Reit)

Nemipterus Swainson

Neoanthias Castlenau

Neoditrema St. ...

Neopercis St.

Neozoarces St, .

nerka (Walbaum) EN

Nettastoma Rafinesque ...

Nettastomatidæ ...

nezumigochi

nezuppo ...

nezuppo

nibe ...

nieuhofi Bloch & Se. pia)

nigabuna ... Sodi ico

niger Cesi Bodies)! MR

nigoi .. ads HI

nigripinnis C. ORI 7

nigripinnis T. & S. (Hapalogenys)

nigripinnis T. & S. (Sphyræna)

nigromaculatus G. E

Niphon C. & V....

niphonium C. & V. (Cybium)i:.

niphonius C. & V. (Pseudopriacanthus)

nippon D. (Chætodon)

nisadai

nishikidai...

nishikiuwo

nishin doy Bets

niveatus Brevoort CR)

150

nivosus Herzenstein (Myoxocephalus) ...

nivosus H. (Sebastodes) ...

TZ NE ele. nee

nokogirizame

Nomeidze

notatus T. & S. (Conte)

Notorhynchus Ayres...

novemfasciatus C. (Apogon) ...

novemfasciatus T. & S. (Apogon)...

novemmaculatus T. & S. (Diodon)

nubilus R. (Lycodontis) ...

nuchal T. & S. (Leiognathus)

nuda G. (Himantura) SS

nudiceps Sauvage (Pseudobagrus)...

nudus D. (Pseudoblennius)

NULAUNAGUese Ness eos) ans estate

oblongus T. & S. (Monacanthus) ...

oblongus G. (Sebastodes)

obolarius C. & V. (Gasterosteus) ...

obscura Herzenstein (Liopsetta)

obscurus T. & S. (Odontobutis)

obscurus T. & S. Ca

oburahae zu... se | tess

obtusata S. (Bunyrssta) à

Occa Jordan & Evermann

occipitalis (Gill) (Hyporhamphus)

ocellatus Tilesius (Opisthocentrus)

octocinctus T. & S. (Serranus)

octogrammus (Pallas) (Hexagrammos) ...

octolineatus T. & S. (Mesoprion) ...

oculatus (Gray) (Canthidermis)

OURO SS soy rs e

Odontamblyopus Bl. ceo ess 00

Odontobutis Bl. ... o... cee nee 00

cur Forskal (Mugil) ...

Ogocephalidæ ... ... eee ..

Ola gurobera Restate

COTE DE Se oo co

CMD soy Gos. cops cod à 200 2 sh don

okieso SDS OCOD, ONT Cao. à cote bro "ann

MII Ws as LINE" IT

PE

okikonoshiro

. 104

98

9

40

. 122

„ll

. 114

. 106

Selle

LOI

...

. 114

46

61

60

74

76

93

79

LIL

62

. 124

87

47

73

57

52

85

52

D. S. Jordan & J. O. Snyder.

CROIRE “aos alone:

OKUMOGO MI: ess eee er ere

ME i A ere a er de

OKINOLOO!<0a res der es Mate

OOO ere ee Dee eee

DIO rp TA TS Cr

okoze.. #9, 25

diana BI. (Paralichthys) Sr

oligolepis Bl. (Paralichthys) ... ...

oligolepis Bl. (Uranoscopus) ... ...

olivaceus T. & S. (Gobio) ... …

olivaceus T, & S. (Paralichthys) ...

Omedaka 2. er

OMAGOCIT van ee ne

onaria Jordan & Snyder PRESE,

Oncorhynchus Suckley ...

onesagochi eh ro n liere

ONIGOCHA Ss ee heart

(CHOTA Srna, na ee Rea

oniokoze

Onos Risso ... ... ... nee

Ophichthus Ahl.

Ophichthyidze

Opisthocentrus Kner

Oplegnathidæ ... ... +...

Oplegnathus R. ... . .

Opsariicthys Bl. un oe

CDS Er Eee

Orcynus C. ... ... nee nun wee

ordinatus Cope (Chirus) ue or

orientale T. & S. (Peristedion) ...

orientalis C. (Dactylopterus) ... ...

orientalis St. (Doderleinia) ... ...

orientalis T. & S. (Istiophorus) ...

orientalis Pallas (Salmo)... ... ...

orientalis T. & S. (Sarda) ... ...

orientalis T. & S. (Scomberoides) ...

orientalis BI. (Symphurus) ... ...

Orthagoriscus Bloch css oss

ANI Ween cnn co cor ce 0

Osmerus Cuvier ve 00 00

Ostraciidæ ... ... ss ee e

Ostracion L.... ... ... ... wee

Otakia Jordan & Snyder

otakii Jordan & Snyder (Verasper)

ovifrons T. & S. (Scarus)

Ovoides La. Duméril

owstoni Jordan (Mitsukurina)

oxycephale T. & S. (Eleotris)...

oxycephalus BI. (Cossyphus) ...

Oxyconger Bl. ...

oxyrhynchus T. & S. (Bierapon)

Oxystomus Rafinesque ... ...

oyanirami... ... ..

Ozorthe Jordan & Evermann

Pachynathus Swainson ...

pacificus Gilbert (Artediellus)

pacificus T. & S. (Gaidropsarus) ...

pacifica Mitsukuri (Harriotta)

pacificus Haast (Regalecus) ...

pachycephalus T. & S. (Sebastodes)

pecilonotus T. & S. (Serranus)

Pagrus C. & V....

pallasi C. & V. (Clupea) ...

Pallasina Cramer

pallida T. & S. (Echeneis)

Parabembras Bl.

Paracanthistius BI. ...

Paracentropogon St.

Parachæturichthys BI. ...

Paracheilognathus Bl.

Paracirrhites St.

Paradiodon Bl. ...

paradoxus G. @Payetttotnves)

Paragonus Gill ...

Paralichthys Girard

parallelus G. (Cœlorhynchus)

Parapeneus BI. ... 5

Parapercis Bl. ...

Paraplagusia Bl.

Parapriacanthus St.

Parapristipoma BI. ...

Parasilurus ... ...

pardalis T. & S. (esitate).

Fishes of Japan. 151

Se 48 | parviceps G, (Nettastoma) 50

otakii Jordan & Starks (Hexagrammos) 101 | parya T. & S. (Pseudorasbora) 48

121 | pectinirostris Gmelin (Boleophthalmus) 114

89 | pelamis (L) (Gymnosarda) 64

40 | Pelloma C. 53

87 | Pempherididze 70

78 | Pentaceros C. 82

51 | Pentacerotidæ 82

. 73 | Percalabrax G. ... 72

. 116 | Percis Scopoli 106

Percis Sc. Aug Some FE) 109

93 | Percoides G. (Pseudoblennius) as 102

103 | Periophthalmus Bloch & Sc. 114

119 | Peristediidæ 108

43 | Peristedion La. ... ; 108

124 | perryi H. (Oncorhynehus) 55

97 | perryi Brevoort (Salmo) ... 59

74 | pertusus Thunberg (Plectorhynchus) 78

79 | peterseni Nystrom (Cephalacanthus) 108

53 | petersi H. (Leucopsarion) 115

107 | petersii H. (Centropholis) 69

110 | Petromyzon (Artedi) L. ... 37

105 | Petromyzonidz ... ACen wore È 37

73 | petropauli Boulenger (Blennophidium) 116

99 | Petroscirtes Riippell... ... 116

113 | pflaumi BI. (Acentrogobius) ... 5 112

47 | phantasma Jordan & Snyder (Chimera) 43

85 Phobetor Kröyer He 104

96 | Pholidapus Bean & Bean 116

101 | Pholis (Gronow) Scopoli... 117

106 | Phoxinus Rafinesque 48

121 | phycis T. & S. (Lotella) 118

120 | Physiculus Kaup AE

84 | pictus Kner (Pholis) = LIT

109 | pictus Thunberg (Plectorhynchus) 78

123 | Pikea St. 75

70 | Pimemepterus La. a 80

78 | pinnivittatus St. (Mulloides) ... 84

45 | pistilliger Pallas (Gymnocanthus) ... 104

95 | Plagyodontidæ wae 57

52 | Plagyodus (Steller) Pallas 57

pardalis T. & S. (Lycodontis)

52 D, S. Jordan &

Platax Cavier® Me 0.0 ce eee

Platichthys Girard ... ... o... ..… ..…. 122

Platophrys Swainson... ... ... ..… 122

Platycephalidze ... 104

Platycephalus Bloch & Sc....

Platyglossus Bleeker... ... ... .… 87

platypus T. & S. (Barilius) ... ... … ... 47

Platyrhina Miiller & Henle pauses a |

plebeius Broussonet (Polydactylus) ... ... 85

Pletoglossus T. & S. Bee RER SOS

Plectorhynchus La,... ... ... .. ..… 78

Pletroperca Peters ... ... .… ... ..… 72

Plectropoma.C; seo. ses rese eerie ss

Pleurogadus Bean ... o... ... oe 119

Pleuronectidæ 120

Pleuronichthys Girard ... 121

pleurospilus Bl. (Upeneus) ... ... ... ... 84

Plotosus La. Sa 00 er Less ee

plumarius Jordan & Gilbert ( Atellisten) 102

pluvius Hi; (Salyelınus) es. ee

pneumatophorus major & minor Schlegel

(Scomber) 2. os. tees War ie Te

pneumatophorus De la Roche (Gebo) «in 64

Podabrus R. vas. oe (Mei ST

Podothecus Gill...

GE AO

peecilopterus T. & S. (Haider) er Mer HESS

peecilopterus C. & V. (Plectorhynchus) Pee ffs)

pecilonotus T. & S. (Tetraodon) ... ... ... 95

Pollachius Nilsson ... RM le)

pollux G. (Uranidea) ... ... = uses 1er

polyactocephalum Pallas (Br Joe) 116

Polydactylus La. ... ... ... … ... 85

polymixia Lowe. PC oo. Sos woes GOR:

Polymixiidæ ds us Mt re (A

polymnus Bloch (Antheas) Oe MO ns, me RE

Polynemidæ ala 85

Polynemus Gs 22. ti; ea a e

polynemus BI. (Misgumus) ... ... ... ... 45

polynemus BI. (Parachæturichthys) ... ... 113

Pomacentrid® ... ... ... … .… 85

Pomacentrus La. See 86

dondicerrianum C. & V. Gaio) .… 68

porphyreus T. & S. (Liosaccus) … .. «. 95

J. O, Snyder.

porphyreus T. & S. (Ophisurus) ... ...

pottii S. (Cocotropus) ... ...

pretiosus Cocco (Ruvettus) ... ...

Priacanthidze

Priacanthus C. ...

Priodon C, ss dus

Priodontichthys (Bonaparte) ...

Prionace Cantor

Prionodon Miller & Henle ... ...

Prionurus La. ... ... «+.

Pristiophoridze ace tial gee

Pristiophorus Müller & Henle ...

proboscideus Guichenot (Agonomalus)...

Prochilus BI. des. peel u

Prometheichthys Gill ... ... ..

prometheus (Prometheichthys) ... ...

Prosopodasys Cantor... ... ... ..

Psenopsis GAL 0... 1...

Pseudaluteres Bl. ... ... see eee

Pseudanthias Bl.

Pseudobagrus Bl. RO er, er

Pseudoblennius T. & S.... ... ...

Pseudochromidze soul) san

Pseudoclinus T. & S. ... eee wee

Pseudogobio BI. ...

Bloo tie

Pseudoperilampus Bl. ... ... ..

Pseudomonacanthus

Pseudopriacanthus Gill... ... +.

Pseudorasbora Bl. ... ... ... 0

Pseudorhombus Bl. ... ... ... ..…

Pseudoscizena Bl. ... ... -.. n

Pseudotolithus Bl. ... ... ee «se

Psilonotus Swainson «uo | covo, se

Psilosomus Swainson see) nies sue

Psychrolutes G.... ... o... see 00

Pteraclididze ee ee ee ee

Pterogobius Gill an ‘Gan cangia

Pterois Co ... +. ane cee ese, ces

Pteroplatea Miiller & Henle ...

Pterothrissidæ ... ... eee see ee

Pterothrissus Hilgendorf ... +.

pulchella T. & S. (Parapercis) ... …

pulcher St, (Neozoarces) Pen ne

iat 0

16108

: 65

83

1 83

… 91

91

39, 128

… 39

91

Pa”

40, 129

… 106

. 85

65

Br.

. 100

70

… 93

ot IB

44

102

… 108

.… 102

… 46

ee

eee:

STI

BR:

a at

10%

cs LB

ren Bi

… 96

Hé

= OL

SA

A

Soe

se 42

LL

= RL

wap ADD

aly

Fishes of Japan.

pulcherrima G. (Coris)

punctata Gray (Girella) ... .. ...

punctatissimus T. & S. (Stromateus)

punctatus T. & S. (Konosirus)

punctatus T. & S. (Oplegnathus) ...

punctatus C. & V. (Platycephalus)

punctatus Ehrenberg (Plectorhynchus)

punctatus Sauvage (Tribolodon)

purpurascens T. & S. (Seriola)

pusilla T. & S. (Pseudorasbora) ...

pusillus BI, (Hoplichthys)

pusillus T. & S. (Minous)

pyrrhogrammus T. & S. (Haliehceres) ...

quadricolor Lesson (Thalassoma) ...

quadricornis G. (Cheilodactylus) ...

quadrifasciatus V. (Apogon) ...

quadrilineatus Bloch (Therapon) ...

quagga (Kaup) (Zebrias)

quinquelinearis Bloch (Holocentrus)

quinquelineatus C. & V. (Chopin) )

quinquemaculatus Kner ...

quinqueradiata T. & S. (Seriola) .

rabuka

Rachycentridæ ... ... 0 cee eee

Rachycentron Kaup

Rajan Li soo ic ceo usi ce

Rajidze ... eher

rajii Bloch a EN cb, WERE

ramosus Jenyns (Cheilio)

ransonneti St. (Neoditrema) ...

ransonnetii St, (Parapriacanthus) ...

ransonnetii St. (Pseudobagrus)

Ranzania Nardo .

rasborina Jordan & ra (Otakia)

reevesi Gray (Leucosoma)

reevesi R. (Lycodontis) ...

Regalecidize ... ... ... ... 0%

Regalecus Brunniel...

LC EIODASTUS) MN... er

svorhenl Wah Uraniden)i: ... 4002, e

Remora Gill... ... ...

remora L, (Remora) luttes

reticularis Bloch (Lycodontis)

reticulatus C. & V. (Semicossyphus)

Rhina Rafinesque

Rhinecanthus Swainson

Rhinobatidze

Rhinobatus Bloch & Sc.

Rhincgobius Gill

rhombeum T. & S. (Acheilognathus)

rhombeus (Paracheilognathus)

Rhombiscus Jordan & Snyder

Rhomboidichthys Bl.

Rhombotides Day

Rhynchobatus Muller & Henle ...

| richardsoni Bl. (Callionymus)

riugunotaimatsu

rivulatum T. & S. (Leiognathus) ...

rivulatus T. & S. (Canthigaster)

rivulatus C. & V. (Lutianus) ...

robecchii St. & D. (Semicossyphus)

robustus G, (Cynoglossus)

rochei (Auxis) ...

roseus Pallas (Gunnellops)

rostellatus R. (Mystriophis) ...

rostratus Tilesius (Brachyopsis)

ruber Forskal (Holocentrus) ...

ruber D. (Pagrus) .

ruberrimus C. & V. ( ‘Ganellus)

rubescens T. & S. (Antigonia)

rubiginosus C. (Callyodon)

rubiginosus T. & S. (Labrus)

rubripes T. & S. (Lagocephalus) ...

rubripinnis T. & S. (Copitis)...

rubripinnis T. & S. (Gymnapistus)

rudis G. (Insidiator)

rudis G. (Platycephalus)...

rurihata ...

russelli Riippell rue)

russelli Bl. (Lutianus)

russelli (Paralichthys)

russelli Bleek (Stolephorus)

Ruvettus Cocco

SQUG Ten. tes

saba ...

ore

154

D. S. Jordan & J. O. Snyder.

sabafugu ...

sagifue

SUN ana, («eo are See) ere

saira Brevoort (Cololabis)

sajori T. & S. (Hyporhamphus)

‘sakatazame

sake ...

sakuradai ...

Salangldze

Salanx C.

salmoneus Forster (Chanos) ...

Salmonidze

Salvelinus R.

samma SoG) ose ses) >

sanctipetri C. & v. (Scomberoides)

sappi ... ..

sara Bl. (Cybium)

Sarcocheilichthys Bl.

Sarda C.... a

Sardinella C. & V.

Sardinia Poey

sasanoha ...

Saurida C. & Ve... ...

Saurus C.

saurus (Scombresox)

sawara se ...

sayori svol ces ses tee see

scalprum Langsdorf (Prionurus)

Scarid2e cs 00 0

Scarodon T. & S.

Scarus Forskal ... ... a etto

sceleratus Forster (Lagocephalus)...

schismatorhynchus BI. (Tylosurus)

schlegeli G. (Agrammus)

schlegeli BI. (Apogon)

schlegeli G. (Aulacocephalus)

schlegeli G. (Barbus) ... 5

schlegeli G. (Caprodon) ... =... «+.

schlegeli D. (Centrodermichthys) ...

schlegeli BI. (Cepola) ... ... ss

schlegeli Bl. (Corvula) ... … ..

schlegeli Kaup (Lotella)... ...

schlegeli BI. (Pellona) ... +. e

Où AU A I ui

Où OA uv

A Go ua a

SO eu a» N AH

or

ce

=) GOL

“MOL

schlegeli Miiller & Henle (Rhinobatus)

schlegeli H. (Sebastodes) ... ...

schlegeli Kaup (Siphostoma)... ...

schlegeli BI. (Sparus) ... ... ...

schlegeli St. (Sphyrena)... ... ...

schlegeli St. (Thunnus) ... ... ..

schlegelii R. (Emmelichthys)...

schlegelii H. (Priacanthus)

Scieona Tas u. mn

Scizenidze Sen eae ove wes

Scoliodon Müller & Henle

Scolopsides C. ...

Scolopsis C. & V.

Scomber L. ... ...

Scomberesocidze ... ... ... ..

Scomberoides La.

Scomberomorus La. ...

Scombresox La. ...

Scombridze

Scombrops T. & S.

Scorpzena L....

Scorpzenidze... ..,

Scorpzenopsis Bl.

scutifer St. (Kareius) ... ... e

Scylliorhinidæ ... wee

scyllium Müller & Henle (Triakis)

scythropus Jordan & Snyder (Sebastodes) ...

Sebastodes Ayres

Sebastolobus Gill eee

segaliensis Tilesius (Brachyopris)...

semehagi ...

Semicossyphus G.

semihobo ... … .

semilineatus T. & S. {ana

semipunctatus C. & V. (Serranus)

septemfasciatus Thunberg (Epinephelus)

septentrionalis T. & S. (Holacanthus) ...

Seriola GC. cu. see om onen cs

Seriolichthys Bl. ... ... +.

serpens (Gempylus)... ... ... se

serpens T. & S. (Ophisurus) ...

Serranidz ... ...

Serramidze ... ... see a wee

serrata C. (Fistularia) ... ... …

Fishes of Japan.

serratus T. & S. (Trachyrhampus)

serridens H. (Lepidotrigla)

Setarches G..., .

setigerus C. & V. (Deuter)

setigerus Vahl. (Lophiomus) ...

setodai ... ..

sexfasciata T. & S. Nea)

sexfasciatus L. (Abudefduf) ...

sexfasciatus (Epinephelus)

shiachifuri ...

shibireëi ...

shiira

ENTER ee oe STE

STMMGOGE nee was: ne

LT nee Een e.

shimagarei …

shimagatsuwo ...

shimagin … see …

shimaisaki... … …

SHIMOA-80Î nes) ave. Lee

shima-ushinoshita ... …

shimayakkodai... … .. see ove

SRIMAZAWALFA sco cei ceo cc

HUILE do hehe esi nase Vase

shimokuzame ...

emirafuka a... (cs. oe

SAIT N een:

shirauwo .. +.

shirozame ... se

shishidai ...

shita-birame ... ... ..

SIA Os nei

shosaifugu oth Lents Steaks

SIDÙ Saco) Vanni (ace. Ce eo ass

sibi T. & S. aaa) Bu

sieboldi Bl. (Aprion) ...

sieboldi T. & S. (Barilius)

sieboldi Kaup (Cæsiosoma)

Siganidze

Siganus Forskal

sihama Forskal (Sillago)...

Sillaginidze ... ...

Sillago C.

Siluridse

... 58 | similis Gill (Gobius) ..

... 107 | similis R. (Gymnothorax) .. …

99 | sina T. & S. (Sciena) ... .. «.

77 | sinensis La. (Latilus)

... 124 | sinensis La. (Nemipterus) .. ...

79 | sinensis Bloch & Se. (Platyrhina) ...

... 109 | sinensis La. (Scomberomorus)

«. +... 86 | Siniperca

74 | Siniperca Gill

. 115 | Siphagonus St. ..

41 | Siphostoma Rafinesque ...

63 | Sirembo T. & S.

67 | smitti Nystrom (Embiotoca) ...

... 34 | solandri C. & V. (Acanthocybium)...

... 123 | solandri C. & V. Gene)

69 | sddagatsuwo

44 | Soleidæ ...

78 | Somniosus

98 | Sparidæ ... 2... 11. sso seo

em Peel om NEARS Mss, it i

2.90, | eparusr Daas. (utiss)

66 | Sphyrzena C.

sen»... 83 | Sphyrænidæ

39 | Sphyrna Rafinesque RSS

.. 39 | Sphyrnidæ ... ...

. 115 | spilogaster BI. (Cau

55 | spilurus BI. (Upeneus) ... ...

39 | spinarella L. (Cephalacanthus)

.. 89 | spinosissimus T. & S. (Holocentrus)

. 123 | spinosus T. & S. (Insidiator) ...

66 | spinosus C. & V. (Niphon)

95 | splendens Lowe (Beryx)...

64 | Spratelloides Bl....

64 | Squalidze

76 | Squaluis Bonaparte ...

47 | Squalus L. POS to, ee

81 | squamistrigatus H. (Detsenophiociolithye)

92 | squamulosus G. (Centrophorus)

.. 92 | Squatina Duméril

. 109 Squatinidze ...

. 109 | steenackeri Sauvage (Acheilognathus) ...

. 109 | steenackeri Sauvage (Ishikavia)

44 | stegophthalmus Tilesius (Agonus)...

54 | smaragdinus Brevoort (Glyphisodon) ...

39,

40,

156 D. Ss, Jordan & J. O. Snyder.

steindachneri Sauvage (Leuciscus)

steindachneri H. (Sebastodes)

steindachneri D. (Taractes)

steinegeri Jordan & Gilbert (Telgistrum)

stellata Vahl. (Halieutæa)

stellatus (Ovoides) . 7.

stellatus Pallas (Platichthys) ...

stelleri Tilesius (Myoxocephalus) ...

stelleri C. & V. (Trichodon) ...

Stelgistrum Jordan & Gilbert

stenopterus Cope (Ophichthus)

Stereolepis

Sternoptychidre ...

Sternoptyx Herrmann

Stichzeopsis Steindachner

stictonotus T. & S. (Lagocephalus)

Stolephorus La. ...

Stomiatidze ... .

strauchii St. (Lepidotrigla)

strigatus G. (Atypichthys)

strigatus C. & V. (Hemitaurichthys)

Stromateidze... ...

Stromateoides BI.

Subfrenatus Gill (Centronotus) ...

subvittatus T. & S. (Upeneoides) ...

sucklii Girard (Squalus) ...

sugi

sugizame ...

SUL = Qi e

sujigatsuwo :

sulphureus C. & V. (Usai) 2

sumikasago we, ae VES

superciliosus Pallas (oups

supraarmatus H. (Priacanthus)

susuki C. & V. (Plectropoma)...

sucumedai... see

suzuki

suzumefugu

swinhonis G. (Paralichthys) .

Sygnathidze .. wee

Symphurus Rafinesque ...

Sygnathus G. ...

Synagris G. ... .

Synancidium Miller

... 122

... 104

.… 108

.. 103

FMI,

1107

417

. 102

48

98

69

.… 103

. 124

95

64

0101

Synaphobranchidze ...

Synaphobranchus Joh::sin ...

Synechogobius Gill ...

Synodontidze sea

Synodus (Gronow) Sco poli

CAOIT Don> eee

tacabe

tachinouwo ... wee

Tachysurus La.... .

taczanowskii St. (Pholis)...

taczanowskii S. (Sebastodes) ...

teevia Pallas (Blennius) ...

tænianotus (Amblyapistus)

Tzenioides La.

taimuko-no genpachi

takanohadai ne. te. e

takanohadojò ... …

takanohagarei ...

UA RESA ala

takenoko-mebaru

tamagashira ...

tanago

tanego Gee Massi isis has

tapeinocephalus (re)

tapeinosoma BI. (Auxis) ...

TATA +0. weni cas sos een ‘sen

Taractes Lowe ... ...

tatsuno-otoshigo ... ...

tatsuno-otoshigo ...

Taurichthys C. & V.

tauvina Froskal (Epinephelus)

teira Forskal (Platax) ...

ey a eco EE

temarifugu

temmincki BI. (Adern

temmincki T. & S. (Barilius)...

temmincki Bl. (Cirrhilabrus) ...

temmincki Bl. (Dietyosoma) ...

temminckii BI. (Ditrema) ...

tengudai

tenguhagi ...

tenjikudai...

tenmondai-okoze … …

Fishes of Japan. 157

tenuirostris T. & S. (Sygnathus) ... ... ... 58 | Trachidermis ico 102

tenuis G. (Lepidopus) ... ... ... ... ... 65 | Trachidermus Heckel 102

tenuis Bean (Opisthocentrus)... ... ... ... 116 | Trachinidzæ ... 108

tetragonus BI. (Ostracion) ... ... ... .. 94 | Trachinocephalus Gill 57

Tetraodon L. Bee er. oO) || Erachinotus La.... ee 68

Tetraodontidæ ... ... ... +. +. .… 94 | trachinus S. (Trachinocephalus) 57

Tetraroge Gill ... ... ... ... +... .. 100 | Trachonurus G.... 120

Teuthididze ... o... ... ... …. … ... 91 | Trachurops Gill... 67

Teuthis Cantor (Günther) ... ... ... 92 | Trachurus Rafinesque 67

Teuthis L. ... ... ... ... .… +... ... 91 | tracburus Pallas (Cottus) 103

Thalassoma Swainson ... ... ... ... 88 | trachydermus BI. (Pseudomonacanthus) 93

Theragra Lucas... ... o... +. .… +. 119 | Trachyrhampus Kaup 58

Therapon C.... ... ... 78 | tragula R. (Upeneoides)... 84

thompsoni sii & Gilbert (Potins) . 106 | Triacanthidæ 92

thunbergi C. & V. (Dentex) ... ... ... ... 77 | Trincanthodidæ ... 92

thunbergi C. & V. (Diagramma) ... ... ... 78 | Triacanthodes BI. 92

Thunnus South... ... ... ... ... .. 64 | Triacanthus T. & S. 1192

Thynnus Cuvier … eee … eee eee 64 | Trisenophorichthys Gill... . 114

tigrinus T. & S. (Diodon) ... ... ... ... 96 | Triakis Müller & Henle 39, 128

tigrinus Müller & Henle (Galeocerdo) ... ... 39 | Tribolodon Sauvage ... 48

tilesi C. & V. (Hemitapidotus) ... ... ... 103 | Trichiuridze... 65

Tilesia Swainson ... … ». 119 | Trichiurus L. “ae 65

timoriensis (Quoy & Gadinazal) tintin) 76 | trichodon Pallas (Trichodon)... 108

LODEL etes ro 48 | Trichodon C. & V. 108

sie Po” oe eee + eee +. 114 | Trichodontidæ E 108

tobijei BI. (Myliobatis) . a ie 49 | tricolor G. on 86

LODIMOUWO een ass sev ate nee as. nen ne 60 | tridens T. & S. (Antennarius) 124

tobisuwa ... … ce see … coe … … 60 | Tridentiger Gill. 114

PDO ne. LA | trifasciatus Bl. Coton), 86

TOGEUWO … vee sie … … ce e, cs. 60 | Trifissus Jordan & Snyder... 114

togoroiwashi ... ... se eee eee 109 | Triglidæ UE 107

tokiensis St. & D. (Oofloshrnehtis) … +. 120 | Triglops Reinhardt ... 103

tokiensis D. (Pseudobagrus) ... ... ... ... 45 | trilineata Thunberg (Perca) ... 78

tokisensis D. (Upeneus)... ... ... ... ... 84 | trimaculatus Bl. (Epinephalus) 74

tol C. & V. (Scomberoides) ... ... … ... 66 | trimaculatus C. V. (Epinephelus) ... 75

BORD, NEO RE IE PT CONTE … 41 | Triodontiäæ SN er cases 96

ÉOTAESO een ce ne nn. ns se eee SC eee 56 | Triodon Reinwardt ... 96

POTOFUGU Vase) 0.0... cos, soe neo oo 22s 95 | trivittatus H. (Sebastodes) 98

torafugu ... ... ... i. eae … …… +. 96 | Tropidichthys Bl. 96

PORMG Since =. es es De... 109 | truncatus (Orthagoriscus) 97

torahaze … 00 sen nee cre nee ove 114 | Trygon Adanson... Le 42

torvus Jenyns (Caranx) … ... +. ... 0. 67 | Trypauchen C. & V. .. .. . 114

löyakuU sng nee ane cea … … … … 68 | tshawytscha Walbaum (Oncorhynchus)... 55

ld

Trachichthys C.... --- … ... ... … 63 | tsimenara T. & S. (Serranus)...

158

D. S. Jordan & J. O. Snyder.

tsubakurodai

tsubakuroei

tsubamekonoshiro

tsubokutsidai

tsuno …

tsuuozame .. ves eso

tuberculatus L. (Ostracion)

tullbergi Nystrom {Urolophus)

tumbil Bloch (Saurida)

tumifrons T. & S. (Pagrus)

Tylosurus Cocco...

typus BI. ee

typus T. & S

typus Bl. (Pesudoperilanipeeyn

MA

uchiwadai...

uchiwafuau

uchiwazame

ugui ...

ukigi

umano

umazurahagi

umigigi

umihebi

umihigoi

umikajika

umitanago

umiuma

unagi..

uncinatus T. & s (Cottus)

uncirostris T. & S. (Opsariicthys)...

undulatus Mungo Park (Balistapas)

unicornis Forskal (Monoceros)

unimaculatus (Diastodon)

Upeneoides BI.

Upeneus C. & V.

ura C. & V. (Serranus) ...

Uranidea De Kay

Uranoscopidse

Uranoscopus L. ...

urodelus C. & V. (Epinephelus)

Urolophus Miiller & Henle ...

urolophus T. & S. (Ophisurus)

90

93

51 |

. 102

urotzenia H. (Aboma)

uropterus T. & S. (Myrus)

UNUILUDAShi I... seco e

ushinoshita

Usinosta Jordan & Snyder ...

utsubo ade uses’ debe ees: | re

vagina Bloch & Se. (Trypauchen)

valenciennesi T. & S. (Callionymus)

valenciennesii BI. (Atherina) ...

variegatus T. & S. (Callionymus) ...

variegatus T. & S. (Sarcocheilichthys) ...

variegatus T. & S. (Verasper)

varius La. (Gomphosus) ... ... ...

varius La. (Synodus)

Velifer T. & S.

Veliferidze os, Îeneh essi «bs

vermicularis T. & S. RE

ventricosus T. & S. (Sebastodes) .

Verasper Jordan & Gilbert ...

vespertilio (Bloch) (Platax) ... ...

veternus Jordan (Podothecus)

villosus G. (Trachonurus) ... ...

violaceus Brevoort (Glyphiaodon}i..

virescens T. & S, (Fundulichthys)

virgo T. & S. (Pterogobius) ... ...

vitta Quoy & Gaimard (Lutianus)...

vittatus Forskal (Upeneoides) ...

volitans L. (Pterois) PU ER

vorax G. (Champsodon) ... ... …

vulgaris (Acanthias) ... ... +.

vulgaris T. & S. (Mustelus) ... ...

| vulgaris T. & S. (Squatina)

| valpes. i. (Albula) <2: w... m

| vulpes St. & D. (Sebastodes)... -..

| ADOBE ccc, SISMI

wakasagi ... > den

walbeehmi Bl. (Scoliodon) CE

wolfii BI. (Rhombus) ... ...

WATASA Cees, (des IDE Mees

warasubo … .…. ….

watako

wee

...

121

114

Fishes of Japan.

xanthopoda R. (Chrysophrys)...

xanthopterus T. & S. (Lagocephalus) ...

Xenocypris ...

yagara

yakkodai ...

yamanokami cos tog tro

YAMOTE ue nee nee nee ee

yanaga no mai..

yatabei Jordan & Snyder ‘(Blennius)

yatsumeunagi ... seth acta

yessoensis H. (Oncorhynchus)

yojiuwo

yokodai =

yokohame G, acento) ..

yokohame G. dia)

yomegochi ...

yoritofugu...

yotsume

zako ...

zanderi Herzenstein (Argyrocottus)

Zebrias Jordan & Snyder

zebrina T. & S. (Synaptura) ...

zebrinus T. & S. (Zebrias)

Zeidæ

zenitanago

Zenopsis Gill

Zeus L. ...

zezera cholo bon acta

zezera Ishikawa ( (Pacidogchio)

Zoarcidze

Zoarces C. nie ob

zonatus C. & V. (Cheilodactylus) ..

Zonichthys Swainson

zugei. >

zugei (m üller & Teile, ) (Dasyatis).

PETG cers tb eos tee

zunasi BI. (Sardinella) ...

Zygrena Cuvier... ...

zygæna L. (Sphyrna)

= i é » è -

RE EI

'

vel +

è Le

A j

è LATE

| . % re)

. L - at ANF -

Lo ne Ia

| IR EN Ne, va .

Pa > JR

"ca EN No, VS Lg CS a

= = ‘ Auf 4 PA ‘

ee.

CONTENTS.

A Preliminary Check List of the Fishes

of Japan een

=

BESET VERSTawse EDER

hi

h

»

In

BIS |

+

da

Mike NaS Sie) AES

MAR | Re

a DE

die

ar

Mae RS Shr | SISI

FJ

hal

Mg

Em

Bi

= H

EN &

=i ge

= M

mt

il

33h XX

D. S. Jordan & J. O. Suyder....

A)

JUN 3 1901

Ses

H À HH & x R

= te UE:

Me=S+OEMH = + H # &

ANNOTATIONES

ZOOLOGICA JAPONENSES

AUSPICIIS

SOCIETATIS ZOOLOGIC4: TOKYONENSIS

SERIATIM EDITA

Volumen III. Pars IV.

TORVO:

a 1 Published APRIL 30, 1901.

LES” On est ınstamment prié d’addresser tous les envois et toutes les cor-

respondances destinées aux “ Anntationes” au SECRÉTAIRE DE LA

Socizr® ZOOLOGIQUE DE Tokio, UNIVERSITÉ IMPÉRIALE DE l'’oKI0

NOTICE.

The “Annotationes Zoologicæ Japonenses” are published quarterly, in

March, June, September and December.

Terms of subscription—$2°°=8s=F10=M8 per annum; single parts 50¢

2s-=F2.50=M2 each. Postage included in all cases.

Remittances from foreign countries are to be made by postal money orders

payable in Tokyo to M. Namiye, Zoological Institute, Science College, Tokyo.

TO CONTRIBUTORS.

Article may be written in English, German, French, or Italian.

Each contributor receives 50 copies of the reprints of his article gratis. Any

number of extra copies will be furnished at cost.

Contributors are particularly requested to specify the number of reprints

they want at the end of the manuscript. If not specified 50 copies will be

delivered.

Articles may be accompanied by simple illustrations, as far as possible in

lines and dots.

Communications are to be addressed to the Secretary of the Zoological

Society of Tokyo.

SPECIAL NOTICE.

Volume I and its parts are no longer sold at the original price, but

will be charged for at the same rate as the succeeding volumes and parts

(vide supra).

JUN 3 1901

Notes on Two New Species of Fishes from the

Lake Biwa.

1. Leucogobio Giinther.*

guntheri** C. Ishikawa.

BY

C. ISHIKAWA.

Pl TPE... 299212:

1D UO INSEE Ve

TotaleBensth nn. <2. DL.O

Total ,, without Caudal... 41.5

Length of the Head... ... ... 12.0

e, Snont a ceto

„ NO RSR

„ si „ Pectoral Fin ... 8.0

i as Ventral: Fino, «0

Height of the Body at the Root

of the Dorsal Fin... ... ... 10.0

Width of the Interorbital Space.. 5.0

Total Length geet 189.0

Total ,, without Caudal... 72.0

Length of the Head... ... ... 20.0

a 5 » Snout NES WOLD

n ian Lyon nenn 40

Er ns Bectoral Ein esi 1.0

seen Ventrali Fin 20105

Height of the Body at the Root

of the Dorsal Fin... ... ... 18.0

Width of the Interorbital Space.. 7.0

The height of the body is a little more than

8.

6.0

4.5

12.0

18.0

7.0

L. lat. 35-39.

99.0

45.9

13.0

3.5

3.0

8.0

7.0

17.5

8.0

60.0

50.0

14.5

4.0

3.9

7.5

8.0

10.5

5.9

92.0

77.0

21.5

6.0

5.0

12.5

12.0

20.0

7.0

L. transv. 54/5.

62.0

51.0

15.5

4.5

3.0

8.0

11.5

5.5

92.0

77.0

20.0

5.5

4.5

13.0

11.5

19.0

8.0

63.0

52.0

15.5

4.0

3.0

9.0

8.0

72.0

61.0

16.5

5.0

3.5

10.

9.

uu a

14.0

6.0

72.0

61.0

16.0

5.0

4.0

10.5

9.0

15.0

6.5

15.0

6.0

75.0

63.0

18.0

5.0

4.0

10.0

14.0

6.0

99.0 100.0 103.0 105.0 112.0

87.0 87.5 95.0

79.0

22.0

84.0

24.0

7.0

5.5

12.0

20.0

8.5

25.0

7.0

5.0

11.5

24.0

6.0

5.0

14.0

24.0 21.0

9.0

8.5

26.5

7.5

5.5

14.5

13.5

21.5

10.0

one-fourth of the total

length, the length of the head exceeds that of the height of the body

* Report on the collections of Reptiles, Batrachians and Fishes made by Messrs.

Potanin and Berezowski in the Chinese Provinces Kansu and SzeeChuen.

** Dedicated to Dr. Albert Günther of the British Museum,

1896.

162 C. ISHIKAWA.

taken at the root of the dorsal fin. Head oblong, snout longer than the

eye which is about one fifth of the length of the head and considerably

more than one-half of the width of the interorbital space. Mouth

slightly oblique, slightly wider than long, its posterior angle ending at

about two-third to three-fourth from the end of the snout to the orbit;

barbel a little shorter than the length of the eye, placed on the extremity

of the intermaxillary. The origin of the dorsal fin is in advance of that

of the ventral, and slightly nearer to the end of the snout than to the

root of the caudal. Pectoral fin shorter than the head without snout,

and nearly as long as the distance from the middle point of the orbit to

the end of the operculum, and terminates a long way from the root of

the ventral. Ventral fin slightly shorter than the pectoral, and reaches

to about two-third the distance between the root of the ventral and the

vent. Caudal fin deeply emerginate.

There are three series of scales between the lateral line and the

ventral fin. Back brownish, a blackish band along the side of the body

beginning from upper part of the gill-opening to the root of the caudal

fin. In young specimens of 90 mm and less a small triangular spot of

blackish colour is visible at the root of the tail in the line with and dis-

tinct from the end of the black band. Dorsal fin with a narrow streak of

blackish colour between each rays. Pharyngeal teeth 5/3-3/5, slightly

hooked at the tip, except the foremost one of the 5. Intestinal tract

with only a single turn. Peritoneum with a few black pigments.

Number of vertebrae 35, of which 16 are caudal.

We obtained a number of these interesting fishes at the fish-market

at Matsubara a small village situated close to the Hikone town, in the

month of December, 1898. A number of smaller but fine specimens

were also sent to me from the same place, at my request, by my friend

Mr. Hirase in the month of April this year. These are all caught in a

kind of fish trap called Eri, which is very extensively used in the lake.

FISHES FROM BIWA. 163

2. Leucogobio jordani* C. Ishikawa.

Bly ELE, Big: 2.

Da Kr vs Lolak 9940. Le teensy. 53/43.

Total length 78; length of the head 26; length of the snout 5;

length of the eye 4; length of the tail 19; length of the pectoral 11 ; of

the ventral 10 ; height of the body at the root of the dorsal 12; width of

the interorbital space 6.

The height of the body is nearly one-sixth of the total length, the

length of the head one-third. Head relatively long, with the snout a

little longer than the eye which is a little less than one-sixth the length

of the head, and two-third of the width of the interorbital space. Mouth

anterior, deeper than wide, its corner being half-way between the end of

the snout and the anterior border of the eye. Barbels minute, about 2/3

of the diameter of the pupil. The origin of the dorsal fin is slightly in

advance of the root of the ventral, and just in midway between the end

of the snout and the root of the caudal.

Pectoral fin about one-half the length of the head, without snout,

terrainating a long way from the root of the ventral. Ventral fin shorter

than the pectoral and terminating in front of the vent. Caudal fin very

deeply emerginate.

There are about three series of scales between the lateral line and the

ventral fin. Silvery, back dark brownish, a bluish-black band on the side

of the body just as in the preceding species. A small triangular spot of a

deeper colour at tbe root of the caudal fin is very distinctly to be seen in

small individuals just as in L. güntheri. Pharyngeal teeth 5 or 6/3-3/6

or 5, hooked at the end. Intestinal tract with only a single convolution.

Peritoneum with a few pigments of brownish colour. Number of verte-

brae 33, of which 14 enter into the tail.

A single specimen was obtained at Shiwotsu in the month of

December 1898. Two other specimens of smaller size were also found

in our former collections from Matsubara.

* Dedicated to Prof. David S. Jordan of the Stanford University, U, S. A.

164 C. ISHIKAWA.

As will be seen from the descriptions and the figures, this latter

species differs in a marked way from the former in its much slender

form, its longer head and in its longer and deeper emerginated caudal fin.

It is also less darker in colour, its peritoneal pigments brown and it has

an additional number of pharyngeal teeth.

The genus Leucogobio is first given by Dr. A. Günther to two species

of Chinese fishes collected by Russian naturalists during the years 1892-

94, the one from the head waters of Yangtsckiang and the other from

Hui-hsien, and are named as L. taeniatus and L. herzensteini. The

fishes now described from our lake, form, as far as I know, the two addi-

tional species to this interesting genus. It wiil be allowed, however, to

make a slight alteration in the generic diagnosis given by Günther) in as

much as the formula of the pharyngeal teeth of L. jordani is 5 or

6/3-3/6 or 5, and not 5/3 or 2 or 1-1 or 2 or 3/5 as he states. Anyhow, it

is of some interest to find that the fresh water forms of the central portion

of Honshyu are related to those of China, and that these are not as yet

known from Hokkaido. The occurrence of the giant salamander,

Megalobatrachus sieboldii, in China and in mountanous portions of

Southern Honshyu will also come to the same category.

College of Agriculture, May 1900.

EXPLANATION OF PL. III.

Fig. 1. Leucogobio giintheri, Natural Size.

Fig. la. = in Dorsal view of the head.

Fig. 1b. ns rs Ventral view of the head.

Fig. lc. 5 5 Tail of a small specimen showing the triangular spot at its base.

Fig. 1d. 7 i Pharyngeal teeth, 5 X Zeiss.

Fig. le. fa ff Anterior part of two individuals, showing the holes made by an

ectoparasitic Crustacean just behind the pectoral fin.

Fig. 2. Leucogobio jordani, Natural size.

Fig. 2a. Pa | Dorsal view of the head.

Fig. 2b. A N Ventral view of the head.

Fig. 2c. 5 Pa Pharyngeal teeth, i X Zeiss.

Fig. 24. „ " Pharyngeal teeth of another specimen.

Fig. 2.

Annor. ZvoL. JAP. Vor. III Fig. 1.

€. Ishikawa et K. Yokoyama del.

Fig. 1. Leucogobio güntheri, Fig. 2. Leucogobio jordani.

TAB, UI.

Fig.

+ 2C.

2d.

On the Japanese Species allied to the San José

Scale in America.

BY

Pror. C. SASAKI.

Agricultural College, Imperial University Tokyo, Japan.

After the detailed study of the San José Scale or pernicious scale

(Aspidiotus perniciosus, Comstock) by Prof. J. H. Comstock in 1880,

the same subject has been investigated by several American entomolo-

gists, and many papers upon it, have appeared in both America and

Europe on both scientific and economic grounds.

By Insect Life (No. 5 Vol. VI. 1894), and Bulletin (No. 3 new series

1896) published at the U. S. Department of Agriculture, we learn that

the pernicious scale was at first only confined to the Pacific Coasts of

United States thus giving there a great harm to the orchards; but

the pest has now extended to the east so far as the north of Washington

and also to the Mexican border at the south.

In regards to the original home of the pernicious scale, there are

several opinious among Americans and its exact home seems to remain

still undecided. In the Insect Life! it is stated thus:—“ Mr. Coquillet

states that its origin is uncertain, but the fact of its being so frequently

found upon plants imported from Japan would seem to point to that

country as its original home.” Later Messrs. L. O. Howard and C. L.

Marlatt? made public their opinion of its native home, which I quote

in the following lines:— Mr. Maskell informs us in recent communica-

tion that he has received the San José Scale on apple twigs from Mr.

French at Melbourne, and also that the scale received from Mr. French

on peach twigs from same locality, and which he described under the

name Aonidia fusca (Trans. New Zealand Institute, Vol. XXVII, 1894

166 C. SASAKI.

p. 43) is probably identical with Aspidiotus perniciosus. He is inclined

to the opinion that this insect was introduced into Australia from Japan,

stating that within the last few years many fruit trees have been im-

ported from Japan into Australia. . . . . .. Mr. Koebele also made

examinations at our requests, for Aspidiotus perniciosus on the island of

Ceylon, and is rather confident that it does not occur there; at least he

was unable to ind it. mr. Mr. Takahashi has studied the scale

insects of Japan since his return to that country in 1893, but reports

that he has not found Aspidiotus perniciosus. Mr. Koebele visited Japan

the past summer, and has written us twice that he has been unable

to find any positive evidence of the San José Scale in Japan nor has he

yet found it in China, as we learn from a letter from Hongkong, dated

November 12, 1895.

The original home of the San José Scale is, therefore, still a matter

of considerable doubt. . . .. It may prove to be indigenous in

Australia ; it may have come from Japan, China, or some other portion

of eastern Asia or perhaps from some of the islands in the Pacific.”

Moreover Messrs. L. O. Howard and C. L. Marlatt? stated several

evidences, that the pernicious scale was first introduced into California

from Japan, and thus the latter is no doubt the original home of it.

The principal ground by which they sustain their opinion is_ briefly

as follows :—Prof. Cockerell, Messrs. F. M. Webster, Walter, W. Fro-

gatt, Knap and others as well as the Department of Agriculture at

Washington have found the pernicious scale on several fruit and orna-

mental trees introduced into Australia from Japan or on the trees

collected in that country.

Since the last two years, I have spent some time to collect the

pernicious scale in our country; but I could not find any. Fortunately,

in last May, I found an allied species on pear twigs collected by Mr.

Tsuchida in the Orchards near Ichikawa Station lying not far from the

City of Tokyo. In the middle part of last August, I found the same

scale on the pear trees in the orchards of Kawasaki lying near the coast

line between Tokyo and Yokohama, where many foreign pears, apples

JAPANESE SPECIES OF PERNICIOUS SCALE. 167

and peach are cultivated. In September, it was also detected on the

fruits of Apples and pears (introduced from America) which have been

sent to me by Marquis Matsudaira, who possesses an orchard at Fukui-

Ken lying on the north of Kyoto. Further on my journy, last October,

through the northern territories (Akita-Ken, Miyagi-Ken and Yamagata-

Ken) where apples and pears are extensively cultivated, I found often the

same scale on the fruits of apples, but not on that of pears.

In some localities, the scales are abundantly found on the trunks

as well as the leaves and fruits of pear trees of limited number, and

thus their harm is not so extensive as that of the pernicious scale. On

the other hand, the apple trees are mostly free of them even when

infested, and accordingly they suffer much less than the pear trees.

The pernicious scales, according to Prof. Comstock, are limited in the

more or less elevated regions, but the allied species may appear in the

more or less elevated regions as well as the coast lines as stated before.

The following are the principal characteristics of our species allied

to Aspidiotus perniciosus, Comstock, which I have examined during some

past months.

Female Scales.—They are very variable in form, size and color

according to the different stages of their growth as well as in the

dead and living conditions.

The largest full grown scales are mostly round and flat and about

2mm. in diameter. The color varies from dull bluish grey to yellowish

grey with a light bluish shade; but dead scales are mostly darker in

color. The exuviae lies either in the centre of the scale or often more

or less away from it (Fig. 1. Tab. IV.). It is exclusively roundish and

marked with one or more concentric rings; its color varies from light

greyish to dull greyish yellow. The central spot on the exuviae is

either dark brown or black, while in young scales it is often tinged

greyish yellow. The scar (ventral scale) left on the leaf, branch or

trunk of the infested trees after the removal of the scale is represented

by a single whitish ring enclosing a large white roundish marking.

168 C. SASAKI.

Female Insect—Body oval or nearly roundish, flattened and

covered sparsely with fine short hairs and marked more or less distinctly

with segment lines. The color is light yellow, while the last segment

or pygidium is orange yellow. The largest specimen is 1.279 mm. in

length and 0,979 mm. in breadth (Fig. 2. Tab. IV.).

The Anternne (Fig. 3. pl. Tab. IV.) lie ventrally, wide apart from

each other, close to the front margin of the body and far distant from the

insertion of the mouth parts. Each antenna is represented by two small

spine-like processes (one is shorter than the other), which are grown on

a short conical protuberance lying in a depression formed on the skin.

The caudal end of the pygidium is provided with two pairs of lobes

and number of the so called plates or spines (Fig. 4. Tab IV.). The first

pair of the lobes (mesal lobe) which are much larger than the second, is

broad, flattened with an even free edge, while its outer margin is marked

with a wide notch. The second pair is smaller and about one half

the size of the first. Its distal free edge is more or less inclined so as to

form a sort of blunt process at one end of the edge. The outer margin is

once, twice or even thrice notched and in the case of the presence of two

or more notches, the outer margin shows a Wavy appearance. Between

the mesal lobes as well as the mesal and the second lobes, there are

one or two spines or plates, which end with two or three small pointed

processes. Along the lateral margin of the pygidium lying between the

second lobes and a penultimate segment, there are two sorts of spines.

The first are four in number, of which two are either simple or divided

into two small processes at the tip. The remaining two are larger and

longer than the other two, and serrated at their lateral margin. The

second sort of spines is threein number. They are large broad prolong-

ations differing in character from the so called spines. Their terminal

end is not either pointed or divided into small processes ; but it is conical

or nipple-like in form. Its soft and sensitive nature seem to indicate

that it is a seat of certain sensation. At the base of the nipple, there

are provided always with two spines, so that with a low magnifying

power, these broad prolongations look exactly like a spine ended with two

JAPANESE SPECIES OF PERNICIOUS SCALE. 169

short processes. The dorsal surface of the pygidium is usually provided

with scattered oval secretory pores.

The eggs are long oval, light greenish yellow in color, their longer

and shorter axes are respectively 0.156 mm. and 0.096 mm.

Male Scales.—They are long oval and depressed, and thus they are

easily separated from the roundish scales of other sex. The length and

breadth of largest specimens are respectively 1.22 mm. and 0.75 mm.

The scales are variable in color, but they are mostly pale bluish or

whitish grey. The pellicle which lies usually excentric either close to or

near an end of the scale, is greyish or greyish yellow and encloses a

blackish or dark greyish brown central spot. The periphery of the

pellicle is sometimes sorrounded with a blackish ring (Fig. 5. Tab. IV.)

Male Insects.—They are somewhat stout and orange yellow in color.

The head is nearly triangular and bluntly pointed at the front end. The

eyes simple, blackish and four in number, of which two lie dorsally near

the lateral sides of the head far apart from each other, while the remain-

ing two lie very close to each other at the middle of the ventral side of

head. The antennæ are long and composed of eight segments and

covered with long fine hairs. The two basal segments are short and

stout, while the remaining six are longer and nearly of an equal length.

The thorax is more stout and broad than the other regions of the body.

Its breadth is nearly twice the head. Dorsally, the thorax is marked

with two reddish orange transverse bands, of which the anterior is shorter

than the posterior, and its ends bend down posteriorly at a short distance.

Wings are transparent and iridescent. Its inner or proximal portion is

narrow, while the outer or distal portion is broad and rounded. A single

nervure arising at the proximal margin of the wing, divides after running

a short distance, into two branches, of which one runs along the anterior

and the other along the posterior margin of it. When at rest, the two

wings overlap one upon the other, horizontally over the body. The

balancer is composed of two parts-proximal and distal. The former is

somewhat stout while the latter with a suddenly curved end. Legs are

of moderate sizes and covered with a few hairs. A tarsus is provided

170 C. SASAKI.

with a single claw, from the insertion of which are grown two long hairs

bearing a small globule on their tip. The abdomen is nearly conical

and composed of nine segments. The basal portion of it lying close to

the thorax, is nearly of equal breadth with the thorax ; but it is gradually

lessened in breadth towards the caudal end, where is provided a single

straight pointed style (Fig. 6, a; and 6, b. Tab. IV.) The length of the

body is 0,36 mm.

Newly Hatched Larva.—The newly hatched larva is oval, yellow

and depressed, the length being 0.244 mm. Eyes simple, roundish and

nearly transparent. Antennæ comparatively stout, long, and composed

of five segments, of which a terminal segment is longer than the length

of the remaining four, and closely annulated. It bears at the tip two

long hairs. The thread-like rostrum, which forms a sort of loop by turn-

ing round by itself, lies beneath the epidermis of the ventral surface of

the body. All the legs are of equal size and provided with a single claw,

from the insertion of which are grown four slender hairs bearing a globule :

at their end. The caudal end of the abdomen is provided with two large

broad lobes, which are notched once at the inner, and twice at the outer

sides. At the space lying between the lobes, there lie two stout spines

and two long slender caudal hairs. (Fig. 7; Fig. 7, a. b. c. Tab. IV.)

Generation.—I have observed this year our scale allied to Aspidoitus

perniciosus, Comstock has undergone two generations; but I think, it is

probable that it may be able to undergo more than two when the climate

is favourable to its growth.

Now a question arises whether the allied species is same with or

different from the pernicious scales in America. So far as my examina-

tion goes, the form, size and color of the scales of both sexes in the two

species show a close similarity ; but the insects differ in certain respects,

thus :—The characters of the plates or spines as well as the lobes on the

pygiduim and the antenna of the allied species differ in certain degrees,

as mentioned before, from the pernicious scale described by Prof.

Comstock? and also by Mr. T. D. A. Cockerell,*

JAPANESE SPECIES OF PERNICIOUS SCALE. val

The male insect of the allied species has an anterior half of the thorax

more stout and widened than the pernicious scale and the number of

the antennal segments differ also -in the two related species. Further in

the pernicious scales, there is only one, while in the allied scales there are

two transverse colored hands on the dorsal surface of the thorax. +

The newly hatched larva of the pernicious scales? looks to bear two

long caudal filaments, each on the tip of the mesal lobes, while in the

allied species they are grown in the space lying between the lobes.

The above mentioned differences between the two kinds of scales,

lead us to conclude that the subject of this paper can not be considered as

the same with the pernicious scales; but I should say it may be very

nearly related to the latter, or rather a variety of the same. If our allied

scales are not same with the pernicious scale, the original home of the

latter should not be Japan, but may be China, Australia or some

Pacific islands.

Injuries of the Allied Species.—Till now, I could only find them on

the apple and pear trees in our country but not on any other. On the

apples, they are usually found much less than on the pear trees as most

of our fruit growers are quite ignorant of their harm. Even on the pear

trees, their injuries are comparatively less than I have imagined before ;

but I have detected, however, on rare occasion, in certain localities, a few

young pear trees were entirely destroyed by the insects. The facts that

the allied scales do not rapidly increase and their harm is only limited in

a few localities seem to depend upon the presence of the parasites,

which devour very voraciously a large number of the scales. The principal

enemies against the allied scale are a red mite, Coccinella Japonica,

Thunb, and a chalcis fly.

The latter which I could not examine sufficiently from the wants

of specimens, seems to me to be a species of Genus Coccophagus described

+ The characters of the both sexes of the pernicious scales referret to, are the works of

Messrs. L. O. Howard and C. L. Marlatt? and of Mr. T. D. A. Cockerell.4 I regret much

that I could not get the access to the Rept. U. S. Dept. Agri. 1880 during my study on the

scales,

172 C. SASAKI.

by Mr. L. O. Howard.5 The brief description of the parasite is

as follows:

Female.—Length 0,93 mm. Expanse of wings 1.791 mm. Head

large and broad, light orange yellow in color; vertex much expanded,

on which lie three crimson red ocelli, which are widely separated from

each other. Eyes dark brownish red, antennæ 8 jointed, the basal or

Ist joint is longer than the rest, the three terminal joints forming a club

are somewhat larger than the preceding joints. Thorax more or less

flattened, less broad than the head; green yellow in color with dark

greyish brown peripheries, mesoscutum and mesoscutellum larger and

broad ; the latter nearly triangular. On each parapside there lies a single

black roundish spot. Wings transparent, hairy, but almost none

near the base, no hairless line on the surface. Marginal vein so long as

submarginal, the stigmal very short. The hind wing long spear shaped ;

at the middle of the front margin lie 3 hooks, while the posterior fringed

with long ciliæ. At the distal end of each tibia, is a short spur. The

hind legs much larger than the others. The abdomen sessile, nearly

compressed cone in form. Its broader middle portion is about twice as

broad as the thorax. At the lateral side of the tergal piece of the 6th

abdominal segment, there lies a small excavation, in which are grown two

long hairs (Fig. 8; Fig. 8, a; Fig. 8, b. Tab. IV).

In the specimens of the scale allied to the pernicious scales collected

by myseef, I have often found a roundish or rather small irregular opening

in most of the scales, which is evidently perforated by the parasitic chalcis-

fly, (Fig. 9. Tab. TV).

December, 1900.

|

È

|

i

|

C, Sasaki del.

Or

Fig.

JAPANESE SPECIES OF PERNICIOUS SCALE. 1e

LIST OF REFERENCES.

Insect Life—No. 5, Vol. VI. 1894.

The San José Scale—Bulletin No. 3. new series U. S. Department

of Agriculture 1896.

Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Meeting of the Association of

Economic Entomology—Bulletin No. 20, new series, 1899.

The San José Scale—Technical series No. 6, U. S. Department of

Agriculture, 1897.

L. O. Howard—Revision of the Aphelininae of North America, —

Technical series No. 1. U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1895.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE.

Japanese species allied to the pernicious scale.

Female scale >

Female insect A, oc. 1. C. Z.

Antenne of Female insects D. oc 4. C. Z.

Caudal appendages on the pygidium. Hom. Im. oc. 4 C. Z.

Male scale =

Male insect; Fig. 6, a. Ventral surface of head; Fig. 6, b. Hind

winds Bb o0) 1. CZ.

Newly hatched larva D. oc. 1. C. Z.; Fig. 7, a. Antenna; Fig.

7, b. Leg; Fig. 7, c. Caudal appendages. Highly mag.

Parasitic chalcis fly. Female. Dorsal view; Fig. 8, a. ditto

Side view ; Fig. 8, b. Fore and hind wings. A, oc. 1. C. Z.

Scales perforated by chalcis fly. aa. oc. 1. C. Z.

On an Apparently New Species of Argonauta

from the Tertiary of Izumo.

BY

S. YOSHIWARA.

Zoological Institute, Science College, Tokyo Imperial University.

In the Journal of the Tokyo Geographical Society, Vol. VIII (1896)

Prof. K. Jimbo has mentioned a fossil argonaut, found by Mr. J. Asai

at Agenokimura near the town of Matsue in Iugori, Province Izumo.

The specimen consists of two individuals in the shape of casts, which

reduced to 4 of the natural size are shown in the accompanying plate

(Tab. V). The mother rock is a bluish-grey Neogene tuff, and this fossil

argonaut is of a special interest.

Among Argonauta, numerous living species have been described, but

the numbers of fossil forms are extremely limited. Thus referring to

the works of A. Adams, Tryon, Hutton, Woodward, Martens, Zittel,

Steinmann, Maltzan and others, we find only two fossil species in

contrast to the thirteen living. Without taking into consideration the

soft part, Argonauta may be classified into three groups by the form of

the shell, which is usually the sole object of comparison in paleontology.

The first group shows a broad keel, a few and distant ribs and

grooves, both running from the umbilicus to the peripheral edge, and the

oval to trapezoid form of the cross-section of the whorl. The greater

numbers of argonauts belong to this group:

1. A. hians Sol., found in all warm seas except the Mediterranean.

2. A. conradi Park., in New Nantucket and the Pacific Ocean.

S. YOSHIWARA. 175

3. A. owenti Ad. and Rve.

= A. cornuata Conrad.

= A. dispar Conrad.

found in the South Atlantic Ocean.

4. A. kochiana Dunker, in the China Sea.

5. A. nouryi Lorois, in the Equatorial Pacific, from the

Marquesas to the Peruvian coast.

6. A. gondola Dillo.

-

7. A. polita Conrad.

8. A. bôttegeri Maltzan, in Japan.

The only known fossil argonauts also belong to the same group, namely

A. sismondi Bell, and A. hians Sol., both of which are found in the

Sub-Apennine Tertiary (Pliocene) of Piedmont. The latter species is

still living and world-wide in distribution.

The second group has a broader keel and more numerous ribs

compared with the first; and shows a somewhat triangular form of the

cross-section of the whorl. To this group belong :

1. À. argo Linné.

— A. pacifica Dall.

— A. expansa Dall.

— A. papyracea Conrad.

found in the Tropical Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of

California, the Mediterranean, and the Cape of Good Hope.

2. A. grunneri Dunk.

3. A. compressa BI.

4. A. fragilis Park.

The third and last group is represented by only one species

A. tuberculosa Linn., which is identical with A. nodosa Sol. and

A. oryzata Mensh. This species was found in Brazil, New Zealand,

Cape of Good Hope, New Jersey, North Island, Wellington, Chili,

Tasmania and South Australia. This species is very singular by having

tuberculated ribs, as in our specimens. However, these tubercles are

arranged in A. tuberculosa only in transverse rows, while in our form

176 ARGONAUTA FROM TERTIARY.

they are also arranged in longitudinal lines. Besides it shows no

distinction of ribs and intermediate riblets. Each of the prominences on

the keel is continued to a ridge which is usually directed backwards from

the aperture. The ridge is sometimes divided into two low tubercles.

The tubercles on the lateral edge are neither numerous nor prominent.

The shell of the older individual measures only 3.2 em. in width, thus

being narrower than those of A. tuberculosa. The general outline of

the shell, the size of the whorls near the center, the rows and numbers of

ribs, therefore can distinguish our species from A. tuberculosa.

In Japan we find only the following species of argonants :

1. A. argo, Linné, from Tökyö Bay, Misaki in Sagami, and

Tokunoshima in Osumi.

2. A. hians Sol. from Misaki, the Inland Sea, and Kiire in

Satsuma.

3. A. owenii Ad. and Rve., from Niijima in Idzu.

4. A. bôttegeri Maltzan.

It seems therefore very interesting, that the tuberculated form is widely

spread in warm sea but has never yet been found living in Japan, though

having there its representative as a Tertiary fossil.

Annot. Zool. Jap. Vol. III. Tab. V.

CONTENTS.

Notes on Two New Species of Fishes from the Lake Biwa, Tab. III.

By Prof. C. Ishikawa. ... «| LOL

On the Japanese Species allied to the San José Seale in America, Tab, IV.

By Prof. C. Sasaki... 166

On an Apparently New Species of Argonauta from the Tertiary of Izumo, Tab. V.

By S. Yoshiwara......

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