THE AUSTRALIAN —

Entomologist

published by

THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF QUEENSLAND

Volume 35, Part 2, 1 July 2008

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ISSN 1320 6133

THE AUSTRALIAN ENTOMOLOGIST

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Cover: Oribius destructor is one of about 50 species of small, flightless beetles

within the genus Oribius. Most are restricted to the highlands of New Guinea. Oribius

destructor Marshall is a major pest of horticulture in Papua New Guinea and is

particularly damaging to citrus, apples, capsicums, strawberries and avocardos.

Damage is caused by the feeding of the adults, causing leaf shot-holing, stem and

fruit scarring, and branch dieback. Illustration by Amy Carmichael.

Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2): 57-60 57

A NEW SUBSPECIES OF GRAPHIUM KOSII MULLER & TENNENT

(LEPIDOPTERA: PAPILIONIDAE) FROM NEW BRITAIN, PAPUA

NEW GUINEA

CHRIS J. MULLER', LAURIE WILLS? and EDWARD PETRIE?

‘Molecular Ecology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney,

NSW 2109 (address for correspondence: PO Box 3228, Dural, NSW 2158)

?PO Box 24305, Manners Street, Wellington, New Zealand

Unit 14/46 Cremorne Street, Neutral Bay, NSW 2100

Abstract

Graphium kosii gigantor subsp. n. is described and illustrated from New Britain, Papua New

panes Its external facies and behaviour are compared with the nominate subspecies from New

Introduction

The weiskei group of Graphium Scopoli comprises six closely related,

allopatric species: G. macleayanum (Leach), G. weiskei (Ribbe), G.

batjanensis Okano, G. stresemanni (Rothschild), G. kosii Müller & Tennent

and G. gelon (Boisduval). All are restricted to the Australian Region, from

Maluku in eastern Indonesia, throughout New Guinea, including the

Bismarcks, to eastern Australia and New Caledonia. With the exception of G.

macleayanum and G. gelon, all species are confined to montane regions.

Müller and Tennent (1999) presented a key to all species.

Graphium kosii (Figs 1-2) was known previously only from the type series

collected by one of us (CM) at high altitude in the Hans Meyer Range,

southern New Ireland. In describing the species, Miiller and Tennent (1999)

suggested that G. kosii would likely be discovered on New Britain. Here we

describe a large, distinctive new subspecies from specimens collected in the

Whiteman Range, West New Britain during December 2005, and the Gazelle

Peninsula, East New Britain during November 2007.

Graphium kosii gigantor subsp. n.

(Figs 3-4)

Types. Holotype ©, PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Whiteman Range, West New Britain,

1050 m, 10-18.xii.2005, C.J. Müller, in Australian National Insect Collection,

Canberra. Paratypes: 1 0’, same data as holotype, in C.J. Müller collection, Sydney;

5 o'0", 1 2, Gazelle Peninsula, East New Britain, 1000 m, 12-19.xi.2007, L.R. Wills,

in L.R. Wills collection, Wellington.

Description. Male (Figs 3-4). Forewing length 45 mm; antenna 20 mm. Head

light grey, clothed with dense grey hairs; labial palpus grey; antenna brown

with club dorsally black. Thorax densely haired, light to medium grey,

beneath with slight pink tinge; legs green. Abdomen with thick hairs, grey-

brown above and yellow-brown beneath. Forewing upperside with ground

colour black; a series of small, white submarginal spots from near costa to

vein CuA;; a large, rounded, deep green subapical patch; a large, ‘hour-glass’

58 Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2)

shaped marking in distal portion of cell, bright green in costal 1/3 and bright

turquoise in remainder; two smaller turquoise spots im median area at end of

cell to vein CuAy; a large, basal turquoise area below cell and vein CuAj, not

extending beyond median area. Forewing underside with ground colour

brown in postmedian and apical area, dark brown/black in remainder; a series

of white submarginal spots as on dorsal surface, including additional spot

below vein CuAs; blue-white replacing turquoise markings of upper surface

and green as above, except for additional large green cell patch occupying 3/4

of the cell. Hind wing relatively broad, with spatulate tail at vein CuA;; inner

margin with fold supporting numerous dense grey hairs; lobed conspicuously

at tornus. Hindwing upperside with ground colour black; deep blue-green

basal area occupying 2/3 of cell; basal area white between veins Rs and costa;

a small irregular white spot in apical area with a vestigial blue spot behind it;

two well spaced, turquoise tornal spots between veins M; and CuAg; tornal

lobe dark brown/black. Hindwing underside with ground colour deep brown,

darkening towards median area; a deep green basal area extending from

bottom of cell and beyond; veins 1A+2A and CuA, slightly bowed

proximally to costa; narrowly crimson along costa at base and near apex; a

white line separating basal area from brown distal 2/3 of hind wing; an acute,

narrow white bar in median area between veins CuA, and M3; brownish-

white scales between inner margin and cell, absent below junction of cell and

vein 1A+2A; brownish-white scales in submarginal area; vestigial bluish

scales in tornal area identical in shape to tornal markings on upperside.

Female. Forewing length 48 mm; antenna 21 mm. Wings paler and more

rounded than those of male. One female observed in the field at the type

locality (see Discussion) was significantly larger than those of G. k. kosii.

The paratype female is not illustrated due to its very poor condition.

Discussion

Graphiom kosii gigantor is a large, striking taxon, readily separable from the

nominate subspecies. Apart from its larger size, it has longer hindwing tails

than G. k. kosii and the forewings are more elongate. The pale blue median

area on the upperside of the forewing is also more restricted in G. k. gigantor

than in G. k. kosii. The genitalia of the two taxa were not compared in this

study.

In the field, G. k. gigantor showed different habits from those of G. k. kosii.

Males of the former established territories at the tops of mountains, which

they vigorously defended while flying in tight circles well above the canopy.

In West New Britain, males were collected by standing in the uppermost

branches of the tallest trees and using very long net handles. Males of G. k.

kosii were readily lured to within reach with bright objects, yet those of G. k.

gigantor showed no attraction, even if the lures were attached to long poles

and elevated above the canopy.

Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2) 59

Figs 1-4. Graphium kosii, males. Odd numbers upperside, even numbers underside.

(1-2), G. k. kosii (Hans Meyer Range, New Ireland); (3-4), G. k. gigantor (East New

Britain). Figures natural size.

60 Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2)

In West New Britain, a female G. k. gigantor was observed to oviposit on the

fresh growth of a monimiaceous tree about 15 metres above the ground. The

foliage was searched but no eggs were located. The tree was possibly a

species of Dryododaphne (Monimiaceae), which has been recorded as a

potential food plant for G. weiskei in mainland Papua New Guinea (Braby

and Armstrong 2001).

Acknowledgements

David Lindley, John Kirakar and Peter McNeil of New Guinea Gold

(formerly Macmin) were exceptionally generous in providing access to the

type locality of G. k. gigantor by helicopter.

References

BRABY, M.F. and ARMSTRONG, J. 2001. A note on the larval food plants of Graphium

weiskei (Ribbe) (Lepidoptera: Papilionidac) in Papua New Guinea. Australian Entomologist

28(3): 65-68.

MULLER, C.J. and TENNENT, W.J. 1999. A new species of Graphium Scopoli (Lepidoptera:

Papilionidae) from the Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea. Records of the Australian

Museum 51: 161-168.

Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2): 61-65 61

A NEW SPECIES OF SISYRA BURMEISTER (NEUROPTERA:

SISYRIDAE) FROM THE PAROO RIVER, NORTHWESTERN

NEW SOUTH WALES

C.N. SMITHERS

Entomology Department, Australian Museum, 6 College St, Sydney, NSW 2010

Abstract

Sisyra potamophila sp.n. is described from the Paroo River, Nocoleche Nature Reserve, New

South Wales. A key to the eight known species of Australian Sisyridae is included.

Introduction

Members of the neuropteran family Sisyridae (spongillaflies) are uncommon

insects in Australia. Eight species are now known from the continent, most of

them from few localities. Adults are usually taken by beating, sweeping, at

light or in Malaise traps adjacent to freshwater dams, lakes or streams.

Larvae are aquatic and feed on freshwater sponges.

New (1996) provided a catalogue of the six previously known Australian

species: Sisyrina tropica Smithers (Daintree, Lake Placid, Gordonvale and

Mulgrave River, all in the Cairns region of NE Queensland), Sisyra brunnea

Banks (Claudie River, Kuranda, Gordonvale, Mulgrave River, Cedar Creek

and Brisbane, Qld), S. punctata Banks (Burnside Station, Northern Territory;

Rocky River and Bundaberg, Qld), S. turneri Tillyard (Armidale, New South

Wales), S. rufistigma Tillyard (Coutts Crossing, Orara River, Apsley Falls

and Royal National Park, NSW) and S. esbenpeterseni Handschin (‘Northern

Australia’ and Jim Jim Waterhole, Northern Territory). The two additional

species are Sisyra potamophila sp. n. from the Paroo River, Nocoleche

Nature Reserve, NSW and an undescribed species of Sisyra Burmeister from

Lake Pedder, Tasmania, which will be described elsewhere.

Esben-Petersen (1918) considered S. rufistigma to be a synonym of sS.

brunnea, a conclusion accepted by Handschin (1935) when he described S.

esbenpeterseni. Smithers (1973) took a more cautious approach, preferring to

await more information on the morphology (especially that of the male

genitalia) of the two species before making a decision on their synonymy.

Sisyra potamophila sp. n.

(Figs 1-4)

Types. Holotype 0', NEW SOUTH WALES: light trap, Paroo River, Nocoleche

Nature Reserve (29.84833S, 144.13512E), 1.iv.2005, G. Theischinger. Paratypes:

1 g, 3 99, same data as holotype, G. Theischinger. Holotype and paratypes in the

Australian Museum, Sydney.

Description. Male. Colouration (in alcohol): Vertex shiny brown, darker in

occipital region, especially in middle. Head behind eyes laterally dark brown.

Epicranial suture darker, almost black. Frons brown. Clypeus and labrum

pale. Scape and pedicel as vertex, flagellum paler, of uniform colour

62 Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2)

throughout. Eyes black. Maxillary palps pale, distal segment brown.

Pronotum shiny, a little darker than vertex. Meso- and metanotum shiny,

colour as pronotum, with darker median suture, paler on each side of suture,

especially posteriorly. Scutellum brown with darker spot adjacent to end of

median mesonotal suture. Pleural sclerites of meso- and metathorax dark

brown, a pale area just below wing bases and another just dorsal to base of

coxae. Legs pale except for brown coxae of meso- and metathoracic legs.

Forewings (Fig. 1) hyaline with variable, irregular pattern of small brown

patches and spots. Costal cross veins in distal part of costal cell bordered with

brown as are other cross veins, except those in basal part of costal cell. Much

of pterostigma and a small area of wing immediately posterior to it hyaline,

forming a transparent ‘window’ in which veins are poorly developed and

dark pigment absent, the pterostigmal limits therefore not distinct. Abdomen

pale, ventrally with a row of distinct, narrow, transverse, sclerotised dark

brown bands adjacent to either side of intersegmental areas. Entoprocessus

(claspers) (Fig. 2) conspicuously dark brown in contrast to otherwise pale

abdomen.

Morphology: Length of body 3.6 mm. Head and dorsal surface of thoracic

segments setose, the setae mostly pale and very fine except for a group of

dark, more rigid setae between and posterior to bases of the antennae. Median

epicranial suture ends about half way between back of vertex and line of

insertion of bases of antennae. Forewing length 4.3 mm. Forewing (Fig. 1,

setae not shown) main veins with single row of strong setae. Main veins

mostly with two distal bifurcations near wing margin. Wing margin with

more than one row of setae along anterior margin from wing base to apex,

beyond which there is a single row. Trichosors mostly poorly developed.

About 14 costal crossveins. Vein Sc evanescent in the indistinctly defined

pterostigma. Hind wings with eight costal crossveins basad of pterostigmal

area. Subcosta ends in vein Rj. Veins setose. In central area of wing setae are

arranged alternately in pairs on the veins so that the setae cross each other.

Wing margin strongly setose. Some marginal setae near wing apex also point

in different directions and cross one another. Claspers (entoprocessus) (Fig.

2, right clasper illustrated) in the form of well sclerotized, setose, elongate,

almost parallel-sided lobes, each terminating in a stout, forked plate (Figs. 2

and 3). In lateral aspect claspers have a straight lower margin and a slightly

sinuous upper margin. Parameres (Fig. 2, right paramere associated with right

clasper) heavily sclerotised, anteriorly divided, rod-like structures ending

posteriorly in a sharp hook. The gonarcus (Fig. 2) is a strongly sclerotised,

simple, transverse band lying anterior to the bases of the claspers. The

ectoprocts consist of a simple transverse, setose sclerite, medially narrowed,

lying anterior to the gonarcus and bearing a group of five or six trichobothria

in the broadest area near each end.

Female. Colouration (in alcohol) as for male. Tergite 9 (Fig. 4) conspicuously

dark in contrast to pale areas of abdomen. Sternite 9 with dark median band

Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2) 63

along its length. General morphology similar to that of male. Larger than

male; length of body 4.3 mm. Forewing length 4.4 mm. Ninth tergite and

gonapophyses laterales (ninth sternite) as in F ig. 4.

Figs 1-4. Sisyra potamophila sp. n. (1), male forewing; (2), male clasper, paramere

and gonarcus, right side; (3), posterior end of right clasper (enlarged); (4), female 9th

tergite and sternite, right side.

Discussion

Species of Sisyrina Banks are easily distinguished from those of Sisyra by the

presence of a series of outer gradate crossveins in the fore and hind wings in

Sisyrina (Banks 1939, Parfin and Gurney 1956, Smithers 1973). The

described Australian species of Sisyra differ from S. potamophila as follows:

The antennae in S. punctata have a greatly elongated scape and in the

forewings the veins are pale and dotted with conspicuous brown spots. In S.

turneri the forewings are pale brown with a pattern in various shades of

brown, the pattern not made up of small spots and patches to give a speckled

effect as in S. potamophila. The antennal flagellum is black throughout in S.

turneri. In S. esbenpeterseni the crossveins in the forewings are not heavily

64 Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2)

marked and the forewing membrane is uniformly smoky brown. In S.

brunnea most of the major cells in the forewings have a median dark streak

running along their length; these are not present in S. potamophila. In S.

rufistigma the pterostigma is reddish and the antennal flagellum has about the

basal two thirds dark and the distal third pale (as in S. brunnea). The male

claspers have not been described for all Australian species but obvious

differences between these organs in Sisyrina tropica, Sisyra potamophila, S.

rufistigma and in species from other regions suggest that they will be useful

for distinguishing the Australian species. Wise (1998) has provided a

description (probably of S. rufistigma from New Zealand), which includes an

outline of the shape of the male claspers and the ninth tergite and sternite of

the female.

Provisional key to Australian species of Sisyridae

1 Wings with outer series of gradate crossveins ............. Sisyrina tropica

— Wings without outer series of gradate crossveins … nennen. 2

2 Scape greatly elongate, much longer than broad; wings brown; veins

pale, dotted with brown Spots … … aaneen enen Sisyra punctata

— Scape not greatly elongate, about as long as wide; wing patterns vrou

8 MREorewingawithtidistinCtipattern mensne eeen 5

— Forewing uniformly brown, without pattern but some crossveins may be

darklyjbordered PAER ee a ET TTET reece: 4

4 Crossveins darkly bordered „van eonseneonvenvenenreen Sisyra rufistigma

— Crossveins not darkened … es E E ETTET Sisyra esbenpeterseni

5 Pterostigmal area pale but opaque, translucent … nonnen nennen

nternet trey yaa Sisyra potamophila sp. n.

— Pterostigmal area normally pigmented … nanne: 6

6 Wing with submarginal pigmented band darker than rest of membrane,

running from pterostigma, along hind margin of wing to near wing base

ey ee ee ere ee Serie Undescribed Sisyra sp. (Lake Pedder)

— Wing pattern without such marginal band naan enernenene 7

7 Cells in middle of wing each with median, longitudinal dark streak

attent nnn ntt Sisyra brunnea

— Cells in middle of wing without median dark streak … … … Sisyra turneri

Acknowledgements

The specimens described here were collected by Giinther Theischinger during

an ecological survey of the Paroo River, in the Nocoleche Nature Reserve, by

Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2) 65

the then Environment Protection Authority (now Department of Environment

and Climate Change). I thank Dr David Britton for providing work space in

the Entomology Department of the Australian Museum, Sydney.

References

BANKS, N. 1909. Hemerobiidae from Queensland, Australia. Proceedings of the Entomological

Society of Washington 11(2): 76-81.

BANKS, N. 1939. New genera and species of Neuropteroid insects. Bulletin of the Museum of

Comparative Zoology, Harvard 85(7): 439-504, pls 1-9.

ESBEN-PETERSEN, P. 1918. Results of Dr E.M. Mjöberg's Swedish Scientific Expeditions to

Australia, 1910-1913. 18. Neuroptera and Mecoptera. Arkiv för Zoologi 11(26): 1-37, 15 figs, 3

pls.

HANDSCHIN, E. 1935. Indo-australische Neuropteren und Mecopteren. Revue suisse de

Zoologie 42(27): 683-714, 18 figs.

NEW, T.R. 1996. Neuroptera. Pp 1-104, 184, 199-216, in: Wells, A. (ed.), Zoological Catalogue

of Australia Vol. 28. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne.

PARFIN, S.I. and GURNEY, A.B. 1956. The Spongilla-flics with special reference to those of

the Western Hemisphere (Sisyridae, Neuroptera). Proceedings of the United States National

Museum 105: 421-529, 24 figs, 3 pls.

SMITHERS, C.N. 1973. A new species and new records of Sisyridae (Neuroptera) from

Australia. Australian Entomological Magazine 1(3): 19-22, 4 figs.

TILLYARD, R.J. 1916. Studies in Australian Neuroptera. No. IV. The families Ithonidac,

Hemerobiidae, Sisyridae, Berothidae and the new family Trichomatidae, with a discussion of

their characters and relationships, and descriptions of new and little known genera and species.

Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 41(2): 269-332, figs 1-12, pls 12-19.

WISE, K.A.J. 1998. A species of the Family Sisyridae (Insecta: Neuroptera) in New Zealand.

New Zealand Entomologist 21: 11-16, 6 figs.

66 Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2)

NEW DISTRIBUTION RECORDS FOR AUSTRALIAN

BUTTERFLIES (LEPIDOPTERA: LYCAENIDAE) FROM BROOME,

WESTERN AUSTRALIA

JOHN V. PETERS

245 Quarry Road, Ryde, NSW 2112

Abstract

New distribution records are provided for Jamides phaseli (Mathew) and Famegana alsulus

alsulus (Herrich-Schäffer) from Broome, Western Australia.

Introduction

Following a visit to Broome, Western Australia in 2001 (Peters 2006), I made

a second visit in April 2006 and, while there, collected two additional

butterfly species not recorded from the area by Braby (2000, 2004).

New records

LYCAENIDAE

Jamides phaseli (Mathew)

Three females were collected at Broome on 6.iv.2006 and one female at

Cable Beach, Broome on 7.iv.2006. Braby (2000) recorded this species from

‘Willare Bridge on the Fitzroy River near Derby and the Mitchell Plateau,

WA’. The present records extend the known distribution of this species some

170 km further west than previosly recorded.

Famegana alsulus alsulus (Herrich-Shäffer)

One female was collected in the grounds of the Mercure Hotel, Broome on

5.iv.2006, another female in Broome on 6.iv.2006, and one male and two

females at Cable Beach, Broome on 7.iv.2006. Braby (2000) recorded this

species from ‘Exmouth and Cape Range National Park, WA’. Williams et al.

(2006) recorded it from various additional Western Australian localities, the

closest to Broome being James Price Point, 50 km to the north of Broome.

References

BRABY, M.F. 2000. Butterflies of Australia: their identification, biology and distribution.

CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Victoria; xx + 976 pp.

BRABY, M.F. 2004. The complete field guide to butterflies of Australia. CSIRO Publishing,

Collingwood, Victoria; x + 340 pp.

PETERS, J.V. 2006. New distribution records for Australian butterflies (Lepidoptera).

Australian Entomologist 33(3): 113-114.

WILLIAMS, A.A.E., WILLIAMS, M.R. and SWAN, G. 2006. Records of butterflies

(Lepidoptera) from the Kimberley region of Western Australia. Victorian Entomologist 36(1): 9-

16.

Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2): 67-72 67

SYSTEMATIC NOTES ON SOME SPECIES IN THE FRUIT FLY

TRIBE TEPHRITINI (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE: TEPHRITINAE)

IN THE ASIAN AND PACIFIC REGIONS

D.L. HANCOCK

PO Box 2464, Cairns, Qld 4870

Abstract

Four synonyms and two new combinations are proposed for several species of Tephritini

described from India, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, NW China and French Polynesia: Tephritis

darjeelingensis Agarwal, Grewel, Kapoor & Rahman, syn. n. of T. atocoptera Agarwal &

Kapoor; Tephritis mongolica occidentalis Dirlbek & Dirlbek and T. connexa Wang [not T.

connexa Macquart], syns. n. of T. mongolica Hendel; Tephritis ludhianaensis Agarwal &

Kapoor, syn. n. of 7. umbrosa Dirlbek & Dirlbek; Campiglossa pishanica (Wang), comb. n.

[transferred from Tephritis Latreille]; Soraida angustipennis (Malloch), comb. n. [transferred

from Campiglossa Rondani]. Several other species of Campiglossa and Tephritis from Southeast

Asia and the South Pacific are discussed, with records of Campiglossa iracunda (Hering) from

India, Thailand and Vietnam and Tephritis conura (Loew) from India regarded as

misidentifications.

Introduction

Continuing study of flower-infesting fruit flies in the Indo-Australian and

Oceanian Regions has revealed four new synonyms and two new

combinations among species in the Tephritis Latreille and Campiglossa

Rondani groups of genera in tribe Tephritini. In addition, the identities of

several other species from Southeast Asia and the South Pacific are

discussed. These are complex, variable and speciose groups of flies and the

following notes are offered as a contribution towards a better understanding

of their taxonomy and biogeography. Comments are based largely on a

literature review. It has not been possible to compare types or dissect their

terminalia; most are unavailable for study. All species recorded here are

presumed to breed in the flowerheads of Asteraceae.

Campiglossa group of genera

Campiglossa iracunda (Hering)

Paroxyna iracunda Hering, 1938: 55. (Kambaiti, N. Burma).

Campiglossa iracunda: Wang, 1998: 262. (Yunnan Province, S. China).

Comments. Only records of C. iracunda from northern Burma (Hering 1938)

and Yunnan in southern China (Wang 1998) appear to belong here. This

species has a complete medial dark band in cell c, 3 or 4 hyaline indentations

in cell r;, 2 hyaline marginal spots at the apex of cell 1,3, yellow legs, 3 dark

thoracic vittae, a black posterior notopleural seta and large, dark abdominal

spots. Hardy (1973) noted that it might be synonymous with C. lyncea

(Bezzi) but his records, from Vietnam and Thailand, appear to be a mix of C.

lyncea and C. siamensis (Hardy). Note that the illustration of C. iracunda in

Kapoor (1993) is copied from Hardy (1973) and appears not to be this

species, making doubtful a record (Kapoor et al. 1979) from India.

68 Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2)

Campiglossa lyncea (Bezzi)

Tephritis lyncea Bezzi, 1913: 165. (Darjeeling, West Bengal, N. India).

? Stylia iracunda: Hardy, 1973: 328. (partim: S. Vietnam). ? Misidentification.

? Paroxyna iracunda: Kapoor et al., 1979: 148. (N. India). ? Misidentification.

Campiglossa lyncea: Norrbom et al., 1999: 112. [as new combination].

Comments. Campiglossa lyncea is known from northern India (Bezzi 1913,

Agarwal and Kapoor 1988) and southern Vietnam (Hardy 1973). Records of

C. iracunda (Hering) from northern India (Kapoor et al. 1979, Agarwal and

Sueyoshi 2005) and from Dalat and Mt Lang Bian in southern Vietnam

(Hardy 1973) probably also belong here. This species appears to differ from

C. iracunda in lacking distinct, dark thoracic vittae and abdominal spots, in

having the femora often darkened, and in having the dark wing markings less

extensive with a much reduced dark spot in the middle of cell c. It agrees

with C. iracunda in having 2 hyaline marginal spots at the apex of cell 1,3.

Note that the illustration of C. /yncea in Kapoor (1993) is copied from Hardy

(1973) and appears to be of a Vietnamese specimen.

Campiglossa media (Malloch)

Paroxyna media Malloch, 1938: 116. (Rapa I., Austral Is, French Polynesia).

Campiglossa media: Norrbom et al., 1999: 112. [as new combination].

Comments. This species is known only from Rapa, one of the most southerly

of the Austral [Tubuai] Islands in French Polynesia. In common with other

Campiglossa species, C. media has 2 pairs of frontal setae and a geniculate

proboscis. It appears to be allied to C. putrida (Hering) from the Lesser

Sunda Islands [Nusa Tenggara] in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea and to

C. crockeri (Curran) from the Galapagos Islands; all three species have an

entirely dark pterostigma and a large, round hyaline spot in cell 1; below the

apex of vein R>,3. Note that ‘Trypeta’ aesia Walker from the Galapagos

Islands was also included in Campiglossa by Norrbom et al. (1999) but

appears to be better placed in Euaresta Loew (see Foote 1982). A second

species from Rapa described in Paroxyna Hendel by Malloch (1938) is

transferred to Soraida Hering [see below].

Campiglossa pishanica (Wang), comb. n.

Tephritis pishanica Wang, 1996: 188; 1998: 300. (Pishan, Xinjiang, NW China).

Comments. Campiglossa pishanica is known only from NW China

(Xinjiang). As noted by Wang (1998), it is closely related to C. coei (Hardy)

from Nepal and southern China (Yunnan). Both species have 5 dark thoracic

vittae and a pair of distinct dark spots on each abdominal tergite; these, plus

the wing pattern type (see Hancock and Drew 2003) are typical of genus

Campiglossa, to which the species is referred. C. coei was included in

Tephritis by Hardy (1964) and Wang (1998) but was placed in Campiglossa

by Korneyev (1990) and Norrbom et al. (1999).

Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2) 69

Campiglossa siamensis (Hardy)

Stylia siamensis Hardy, 1973: 329. (Doi Angka near Chiang Mai, N. Thailand).

Stylia iracunda: Hardy, 1973: 328. (partim: N. Thailand). Misidentification.

Campiglossa siamensis: Norrbom et al., 1999: 114. [as new combination].

Comments. Records of C. iracunda (Hering) from Doi Suthep and Doi Pui,

[near Chiang Mai] in northern Thailand (Hardy 1973, including pl. 6, fig. 52)

appear to be misidentifications of a variable C. siamensis. A specimen from

Doi Suthep with reduced hyaline markings was illustrated by Hancock and

McGuire (2002). C. siamensis has a much reduced dark spot in the middle of

cell c, only one hyaline marginal spot at the apex of cell r243, yellow legs and

a brown to yellowish posterior notopleural seta. It resembles C. lyncea in

lacking distinct thoracic vittae and abdominal spots but has a longer oviscape.

The wing markings are paler than those of C. lyncea (c.f. Hardy 1973, pl. 6,

figs 53-54) but, apart from the single marginal hyaline spot in cell r,3, they

are otherwise similar.

Campiglossa spenceri (Hardy)

Stylia spenceri Hardy, 1973: 330. (Mt Lang Bian & Dalat, S. Vietnam).

Campiglossa spenceri: Wang, 1998: 271. (Sichuan & Xizang Provinces, China).

Comments. This species has a wing pattern very similar to that of C. iracunda

but has mostly black femora, a whitish posterior notopleural seta and no dark

thoracic vittae. It differs from C. iracunda, C. lyncea and C. siamensis in the

shorter oviscape, being as long as the last 2 abdominal segments in C.

spenceri, as long as the last 3 in C. iracunda and C. lyncea and a little longer

than the last 4 in C. siamensis. It is known from southern Vietnam and

southwestern China (Sichuan and Xizang).

Soraida angustipennis (Malloch), comb. n.

Paroxyna angustipennis Malloch, 1938: 115. (Rapa I., Austral Is, French Polynesia).

Campiglossa angustipennis: Norrbom et al., 1999: 108. [as new combination].

Comments. This species was described from Mt Tepiahu on Rapa, one of the

Austral [Tubuai] Islands in French Polynesia. Only the type male has been

recorded. Previously referred to Campiglossa, it shares with Soraida

tenebricosa Hering, its only known congener from the Indonesian Lesser

Sunda Islands, the presence of 3 pairs of dark frontal setae; all other Indo-

Australian and Pacific genera referred to the Campiglossa group have only 2

pairs of dark frontal setae. The genus-group placement of Soraida was

discussed by Hancock (2007). Other genera in the Campiglossa group with 3

pairs of dark frontal setae are confined to the Afrotropical Region. Both

Soraida species have the head slightly higher than long, the upper orbital and

outer vertical setae white, the occiput black centrally, a geniculate but not

greatly elongate proboscis, the anepimeral and several short anepisternal

setae (below the black upper anepisternal seta) yellowish, short apical

70 Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2)

scutellar setae, the wing narrowed and with a dark pterostigma that is about

twice as long as wide and paler at its base. S. angustipennis differs from S.

tenebricosa in having a narrower and more elongate wing with numerous

hyaline spots and indentations.

Tephritis group of genera

Tephritis admissa Hering

Tephritis admissa Hering, 1961: 326. (NE Afghanistan).

Tephritis conura: Hancock and McGuire, 2002: 15. (Gulmarg, Kashmir, NW India).

Misidentification.

Comments. A record of Tephritis conura (Loew) from Gulmarg, Kashmir

(Hancock and McGuire 2002, Agarwal and Sueyoshi 2005) is not of that

species. The specimens concerned are in the Zoological Museum, University

of Copenhagen and appear to belong to 7. admissa, in which a hyaline

subapical spot on the wing is present or absent (Hering 1961). T. conura has

a large hyaline apical spot, a hyaline spot in the pterostigma and a third

hyaline spot in cell r; towards the apex; these are lacking in both typical T.

admissa and the Gulmarg specimens. Tephritis conflata K. & J. Dirlbek,

described from Kyrgyzstan, appears to be very similar to 7. admissa but

recorded differences include all thoracic setae black and an apparently shorter

oviscape (Dirlbek and Dirlbek 1995). T. admissa is recorded here from 1600

to 3500 metres in NE Afghanistan and NW India (Kashmir).

Tephritis atocoptera Agarwal & Kapoor

Tephritis atocoptera Agarwal & Kapoor, 1988: 122. (Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir,

NW India).

Tephritis darjeelingensis Agarwal, Grewel, Kapoor & Rahman, 1992: 21. (Darjeeling,

West Bengal, N. India). Syn. n.

Comments. As suggested by Hancock and McGuire (2002), variation in

recorded leg colour, coupled with descriptions and illustrations of both taxa

listed above (Agarwal and Kapoor 1988, Agarwal et al. 1992), leave little

doubt that they are conspecific. This species has an elongate ovipositor and

appears to be closely related to T. hendeliana Hering (= T. heiseri of authors

[e.g. Hendel 1927, Wang 1998], not Frauenfeld), differing in the more

extensive dark areas on the wing. It is known from localities above 1000

metres in N and NW India.

Tephritis mongolica Hendel

Tephritis mongolica Hendel, 1927: 191. (Kuku-Nor [Lake Qinghai] region, Qinghai,

NW China). Lectotype destroyed.

Tephritis mongolica occidentalis K. Dirlbek & J. Dirlbek, 1995: 47. (Aksu-

Dshabagly, Talazskiy Alatau, Tienshan, SE Kazakhstan). Syn. n.

Tephritis connexa Wang, 1996: 187; 1998: 295. (Qiemo, Xinjiang, NW China).

Invalid name: preoccupied by Tephritis connexa Macquart, 1835. Syn. n.

Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2) 71

Comments. Allowing for a small amount of variation, the descriptions and

illustrations of both 7. mongolica Hendel and 7. connexa Wang (Hendel

1927, Wang 1998) leave little doubt that they are conspecific. The statement

in Wang’s (1998) key that the wing lacks a Y-shaped hyaline band in the

anteromedian portion in 7. mongolica is inaccurate [and perhaps based on the

redrawn figure in Zia (1937)]. The number of hyaline spots in cells dm and

cua, largely depends on their degree of coalescence. T. connexa Wang, 1996,

is also a junior homonym of Tephritis connexa Macquart, 1835, a species

currently unrecognised. Wang (1998) recorded additional specimens of T.

connexa from Zhaosu and Oku in NW China, close to the type locality of T.

mongolica occidentalis K. & J. Dirlbek (Dirlbek and Dirlbek 1995), which

also appears to be a synonym. This species is known from localities between

1200 and 3000 metres in NW China (Qinghai & Xinjiang) and SE

Kazakhstan. It also occurs in Kyrgyzstan (B. Merz, pers. comm.).

Tephritis umbrosa Dirlbek & Dirlbek

Tephritis umbrosa J. Dirlbek & K. Dirlbek, 1968: 178. (Darunta & Jalalabad,

Nengrahar Province, NE Afghanistan).

Tephritis ludhianaensis Agarwal & Kapoor, 1988: 121. (Ludhiana, Punjab, NW

India). Syn. n.

Comments. Descriptions and illustrations of both T. umbrosa J. & K. Dirlbek

and T. ludhianaensis Agarwal & Kapoor (Dirlbek and Dirlbek 1968, Agarwal

and Kapoor 1988) leave little doubt that they are conspecific. As noted by

Dirlbek and Dirlbek (1968), 7. umbrosa is superficially similar to the

Palaearctic T. cometa (Loew) and an earlier record of T. cometa from

Afghanistan (Hering 1961) might also belong here; it at least requires

confirmation. In 7. umbrosa the dark subapical band in cell dm crosses the

cell; in T. cometa it ends half way across. T. umbrosa is known from

localities below 600 metres in NE Afghanistan and NW India.

Acknowledgement

I thank Bernhard Merz (Natural History Museum, Geneva) for providing

literature and for helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript.

References

AGARWAL, M.L. and KAPOOR, V.C. 1988. Four new species of fruit flies (Diptera:

Tephritidae: Tephritini) together with redescription of Trupanea inaequabilis Hering and their

distribution in India. Journal of Entomological Research (New Delhi) 12: 117-128.

AGARWAL, M.L. and SUEYOSHI, M. 2005. Catalogue of Indian fruit flies (Diptera:

Tephritidae). Oriental Insects 39: 371-433.

AGARWAL, M.L., GREWEL, J.S., KAPOOR, V.C. and RAHMAN, O. 1992. A new species

and nomenclatural status of some fruitflies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Tephritini) from India. Journal

of Insect Science 5: 20-22.

BEZZI, M. 1913. Indian trypaneids (fruit flies) in the collection of the Indian Museum, Calcutta.

Memoirs of the Indian Museum 3: 53-175, pls 8-10.

72 Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2)

DIRLBEK, J. and DIRLBEK, K. 1968. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Fauna Afghanistans.

Trypetidac, Diptera. Časopis Moravského Musea, Vědy Přírodní (Acta Musei Moraviae,

Scientiae Naturales) 53 (Supplement): 173-180.

DIRLBEK, K. and DIRLBEK, J. 1995. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der mittelasiatischen Bohrfliegen.

(Diptera, Tephritidae). Časopis Národního Muzea, Rada Přírodovědná (Prague) 164: 45-49.

FOOTE, R.H. 1982. The Tephritidae (Diptera) of the Galapagos Archipelago. Memoirs of the

Entomological Society of Washington 10: 48-55.

HANCOCK, D.L. 2007. Notes on the genus-group placement of Peneparoxyna Hardy & Drew

and Soraida Hering (Diptera: Tephritidae: Tephritinae). Australian Entomologist 34(4): 126.

HANCOCK, D.L. and DREW, R.A.I. 2003. A new genus and new species, combinations and

records of Tephritinac (Diptera: Tephritidac) from Australia, New Zealand and the South Pacific.

Australian Entomologist 30(4): 141-158.

HANCOCK, D.L. and McGUIRE, D.J. 2002. New species and records of non-dacine fruit flies

(Insecta: Diptera: Tephritidae) from south and southeast Asia. Steenstrupia 27(1): 1-17.

HARDY, D.E. 1964. Diptera from Nepal. The fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae). Bulletin of the

British Museum (Natural History), Entomology Series 15: 147-169.

HARDY, D.E. 1973. The fruit flies (Tephritidae-Diptera) of Thailand and bordering countries.

Pacific Insects Monograph 31: 1-353, 8 pls.

HENDEL, F.G. 1927. Trypetidae. Chapter 49, pp 1-221, pls 1-17, in: Lindner, E. (ed.), Die

Fliegen der palaearktischen Region. Volume 5(1). Stuttgart; 221 pp, 17 pls.

HERING, [E].M. 1938. Entomological results from the Swedish expedition 1934 to Burma and

British India. Arkiv for Zoologi 30A(25): 1-56.

HERING, E.M. 1961. Ergebnisse der Deutschen Afghanistan-Expedition 1956 der

Landessammlungen für Naturkunde Karlsruhe. Trypetidae (Diptera). Beiträge zur

Naturkundlichen Forschung in Sudwestdeutschland 19(3): 319-331.

KAPOOR, V.C. 1993. Indian fruit flies (Insecta: Diptera: Tephritidae). International Science

Publisher, New York; viii + 228 pp.

KAPOOR, V.C., AGARWAL, M.L. and GREWEL, J.S. 1979. Three new records of fruit flies

from India with a note on wing venation of Sphenella sinensis (Dipt.: Teph.). Journal of the

Natural History Museum, Nepal 3(4): 147-149.

KORNEYEV, V.A. 1990. A review of Sphenella and Paroxyna scrics of genera (Diptera,

Tephritidac, Tephritinac) of castern Palacarctic. Nasekomye Mongolii 11: 395-470 [in Russian].

MALLOCH, J.R. 1938. Trypetidae of the Mangarevan Expedition (Diptera). Occasional Papers

of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum 14(7): 111-116.

NORRBOM, A.L., CARROLL, L.E., THOMPSON, F.C., WHITE, I.M. and FREIDBERG, A.

1999. Systematic database of names. Pp 65-251, in: Thompson, F.C. (ed.), Fruit fly expert

identification system and systematic information database. Myia 9. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden;

ix + 524 pp.

WANG, X.-J. 1996. Diptera: Tephritidae. Pp 184-191, in: Huang, F. (cd.), Insects of the

Karakorum-Kunlun Mountains. The comprehensive scientific expedition to the Qinghai-Xizang

Plateau, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Science Press, Beijing; xii + 349 pp.

WANG, X.-J. 1998. The fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) of the East Asian Region. Acta

Zootaxonomica Sinica 21 (Supplement): viii + 338 pp, 265 figs, 41 pls.

ZIA, Y. 1937. Studics on the Trypetidae or fruit flies of China. Sinensia 8(2): 103-226.

Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2): 73-77 73

A FURTHER NEW SUBSPECIES OF DELIAS MESSALINA ARORA

(LEPIDOPTERA: PIERIDAE) FROM NEW IRELAND, PAPUA NEW

GUINEA

CHRIS J. MULLER', JENS JAKUSCH? and LAURIE WILLS?

‘Molecular Ecology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney,

NSW 2109 (address for correspondence: PO Box 3228, Dural, NSW 2158)

?Hermannstrasse 9a, 54294 Trier, Germany

SPO Box 24305, Manners Street, Wellington, New Zealand

Abstract

Delias messalina gerrittsi subsp. n. is described and illustrated from central New Ircland. Its

external facies are compared in detail with those of D. m. lizzae Müller from southern New

Ircland and their isolating mechanisms are bricfly postulated.

Introduction

Arora (1983) described Delias messalina Arora from the Solomon

Archipelago, as the nominotypical subspecies from Bougainville, Papua New

Guinea and as D. m. orientalis Arora from Guadalcanal and Santa Isabel,

Solomon Islands. The latter locality is considered likely to be erroneous

(Tennent 2002). The type series of D. m. messalina was taken during the late

1950s by Sir William Brandt close to, but prior to the discovery of, the

Panguna copper-gold deposit in central Bougainville.

D. messalina was first recorded from the Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New

Guinea, by Parsons (1989), who described D. m. vigasa Parsons from East

New Britain. Subsequently, D. m. lizzae Müller (Figs 1-4) was described

from high altitudes in the Hans Meyer Range, southern New Ireland (Müller

1999), with additional localities recorded by Müller (2001). Male specimens

from the Schleinitz Mountains in central New Ireland were noted by Müller

(2001) to be quite distinct from those collected in southern New Ireland.

Collecting in recent years has yielded females of D. messalina from central

New Ireland that are consistently very different from those of D. m. lizzae.

These and their associated males from the Schleinitz Mountains are described

below as a new subspecies.

Delias messalina gerrittsi subsp. n.

(Figs 5-8)

Types. Holotype J, PAPUA NEW GUINEA: New Ireland, Schleinitz Mts, 1350 m,

4.ix.2005, C.J. Miiller, in Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra. Paratypes:

1 d, 1 9, same data as holotype, in C.J. Müller collection, Sydney; 1 0’, same data as

holotype except 24-26.x.2000, in C.J. Müller collection; 1 0’, same data as holotype

except 24-26.x.2000, in Mike Carr collection, London; 1 0”, same data as holotype, in

J. Jakusch collection, Germany; 1 9, same data as holotype except xii.2005, in L.

Wills collection, Wellington; 1 ?, same data as holotype except 20.x.2005, in J.

Jakusch collection.

74 Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2)

Figs 1-8. Delias messalina from New Ireland. Odd numbers upperside, even numbers

underside. (1-2), D. m. lizzae, male; (3-4), D. m. lizzae, female; (5-6), D. m. gerrittsi,

male; (7-8), D. m. gerrittsi, female. All figures 0.75 x natural size.

Description. Male (Figs 5-6). Forewing length 30 mm; antenna 16 mm. Head

black, clothed with dense, deep grey hairs; labial palpus black; eye ringed

with pale yellow anteriorly; antenna black, tipped white ventrally. Thorax

black with long grey hairs dorsally, beneath black; legs black. Abdomen

white, narrow black dorsal ridge, tapered posteriorly; claspers grey. Forewing

upperside with ground colour black; basally light grey in an arcuate manner

from approximately 1/8 along costa to junction of veins CuA, and cell and to

dorsum 1/4 of distance from apex; underside black with bright yellow

subapical band from costa to vein Ms, vestigial between veins Ry and Ras

and intruding abruptly between veins R; and Mp; base to postmedian area

brilliant yellow, abruptly changing to white below vein 1A+2A; costa

broadly black to vein Sc. Hindwing upperside with ground colour as in

forewing; a large basal to median/postmedian light grey area extending from

costa near apex to end of cell and to dorsum, about 2/3 of distance towards

tornus, congruent with termen; underside with ground colour black; a large,

pure white spot in cell and beyond; a large, basal scarlet patch extending to

vein Rs, rounded distally; one vestigial and two large scarlet markings in

median area between costa and vein Mo, becoming irregular distally; a band

of light grey scales near apex between veins Rs and Ms.

Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2) 75

Female (Figs 7-8). Forewing length 30 mm; antenna 17 mm. Head, antennae,

legs and labial palpi as in male. Thorax grey with dense, yellow-grey hairs;

beneath black. Abdomen yellow, with narrow black dorsal line, tapering

posteriorly; beneath cream-yellow. Forewing with costa and termen slightly

bowed; dorsum slightly concave; upperside black with deep greenish basal

area, progressively becoming yellow-green and extending to postmedian area

at dorsum; underside black with large, pure white spot in cell and reaching

beyond intersections of veins Rs and Mj; a large, scarlet basal patch above

cell and reaching vein Rs; a broad, conspicuous band of scarlet spots between

costa and vein M3, in postmedian area; a band of silvery-grey markings from

veins Sc to R).

Etymology. This striking taxon is named in homour of Dr Godfried Gerritts of

Buderim, Queensland who, over the years, has contributed significantly to

our knowledge of the genus Delias Hübner.

Distribution. Known only from the Schleinitz Mountains, central New

Ireland, Papua New Guinea.

Discussion

Delias messalina gerrittsi shows consistent, distinctive characters when

compared with other subspecies of D. messalina, even D. m. lizzae, which is

known to occur within 200 km of D. m. gerrittsi.

The males of D. m. lizzae and D. m. gerrittsi are similar in colouring on both

wing surfaces, except that the former possesses a subtle, dull greenish lustre

to the black areas on the upperside. Additionally, the wings of D. m. lizzae

males are more acute than those of D. m. gerrittsi and, in all cases examined,

males of the former are distinctly larger than those of D. m. gerrittsi. The

white spot on the hindwing underside of D. m. gerrittsi is not circular as in D.

m. lizzae, nor is it confined to the cell. There is no red colouring between

costa and postmedian band, unlike D. m. lizzae, and there is a well developed

submarginal band of light grey scales on the hindwing underside. Males show

some similarity to those of D. m. vigasa from New Britain.

Females of subspecies D. m. lizzae and D. m. gerrittsi are very distinctive. In

addition to the size and wing shape differences, the absence of white

submarginal spots on the upperside in D. m. gerrittsi is particularly notable.

The pale area along the inner margin on the forewing upperside is grey-cream

in D. m. lizzae and yellow in D. m. gerrittsi and, in the latter, the hindwing

costa is distinctly white and extends towards the termen. The undersides of

the two subspecies are also distinctive; that of D. m. gerrittsi is similar in

both sexes but the light grey submarginal band is much broader in the female

than in D. m. lizzae.

Parsons (1998) noted the disjunct affinity between the then known subspecies

of D. messalina occurring in the Solomon Archipelago and New Britain. He

76 Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2)

observed the similarity between D. m. vigasa (from New Britain) and D. m.

orientalis (from Guadalcanal), wheras the nominate subspecies (from

Bougainville) possessed some unique characters. Indeed, the upperside of the

female in D. m. gerrittsi resembles that of D. m. messalina, further

emphasising the disjunctive distribution of ‘similar subspecies’. However, all

subspecies possess combinations of the morphological characters assessed in

this work and there are no characters that are unique to a single described

subspecies. Both subspecies occurring in New Ireland (D. m. lizzae and D. m.

gerrittsi) are distinct from other subspecies in that they bear a lateral white

spot on the thorax, which is otherwise wholly black and there is no yellow

patch at the base of the hindwing underside along the costa, a character

present in other subspecies.

The occurrence of two distinct subspecies of the same species on a single

island in the Pacific is intriguing and has implications for the geological

evolution of New Ireland. The Hans Meyer Range and Schleinitz Mountains

in New Ireland, the habitats for D. m. lizzae and D. m. gerrittsi respectively,

endured very separate genesis, both temporally and in style. The former range

is almost entirely composed of andesitic volcanics which formed as an island

arc during the late Miocene, approximately 10-15 million years ago, whereas

the thick limestone sequence comprising the Schleinitz Mountains formed

when sea floor sediments were uplifted along the northern edge of the

Bismarck Plate much earlier, approximately 20 million years ago. It is

suggested here that these two ranges were separated by sea until fairly

recently, owing to the low-lying coronus (uplifted coral reef) that

predominates for several tens of kilometres, east of Namatanai, New Ireland

(C.J. Müller, pers. obs.). Such geographic isolation would undoubtedly have

allowed for genetic divergence and phenotypic dufferentiation between

populations of Delias messalina occurring on each mountain range.

Such disjunct morphological patterns between populations from these two

mountain ranges in New Ireland have not been recognised in any other

butterfly taxa. In particular, other Delias species collected in both ranges (D.

eximia Rothschild, D. totila Heller, D. narses Heller, D. bagoe Boisduval, D.

madetes Godman & Salvin and D. brandti Müller) show no noticeable

contrast. In New Ireland, D. messalina appears to be confined to elevations

above 1400 m, whereas the other taxa, except the higher altitude D. brandti,

have been collected at 1000 m and occasionally lower, hence reducing the

physical, geographic separation between the Hans Meyer Range and

Schleinitz Mountains populations. Similar patterns may be observed in

Delias species complexes in mainland New Guinea, where the highest degree

of recent speciation appears to have occurred at higher altitudes, where

populations are widely spaced. Population-style phylogenetic studies of D.

messalina would liklely constrain the timing of separation between the

subspecies.

Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2) 77

References

ARORA, R. 1983. New Delias butterflies from the Solomon Islands ACER Pieridae).

Systematic Entomology 8: 15-24.

DAVIES, H.L. 1990. Structure and evolution of the border region of New Guinea. Pp 245-270,

in: Carmen, G.J. and Carmen, Z. (eds), Petroleum exploration in Papua New Guinea. P.N.G.

Chamber of Mines and Petroleum, Port Moresby.

MULLER, C.J. 1999. A new species of Cethosia and a new subspecies of Delias (Lepidoptera:

Nymphalidae and Pieridae) from New Ireland, Papua New Guinea. Records of the Australian

Museum 51(2): 169-177.

MULLER, C.J. 2001. A new species of Delias Hübner (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) from New

Ircland, Papua New Guinea. Australian Entomologist 28(1): 17-22.

PARSONS, M.J. 1989. A new Delias subspecies, a new Sabera, and a new Parantica from

Papua New Guinea (Lepidoptera: Pieridae, Hesperiidae, Nymphalidae). Bishop Museum

Occasional Papers 29: 193-198.

PARSONS, M.J. 1998. The butterflies of Papua New Guinea: their systematics and biology.

Academic Press, London; xvi + 736 pp, xxvi + 136 pls.

TENNENT, W.J. 2002. Butterflies of the Solomon Islands: systematics and biogeography. Storm

Entomological Publishing, Dereham, Norfolk; xxiii + 413 pp.

78 Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2)

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES

The following note on the butterfly Theclinesthes onycha (Hewitson) is

abstracted from the News Bulletin of the Entomological Society of

Queensland and was first published in the volume and part indicated.

Theclinesthes onycha onycha (Hewitson) [Lycaenidae] — After November 2005, a

change in the hosts most frequently utilised by 7. onycha was observed in the western

suburbs of Brisbane, SE Queensland. Since 2005 the larvae have been attacking many

cultivated cycads, as well as the local hosts, Macrozamia spp. The indigenous

Lepidozamia peroffskyana was first attacked after 2005; it had not been observed

previously to be a host for the butterfly. Feeding by larvae on many cultivated cycads

has persisted to December 2007 and severe damage to new growth, including

unopened leaves, has attracted attention from both the nursery industry and home

gardeners. Observations in the western suburbs of Brisbane confirmed increases in

abundance in bushland reserves, on hilltops and on ridge tops. The related 7. miskini

(T.P. Lucas) previously predominated as a hilltopping species on Mount Coot-tha but,

since 2005, T. onycha has become the most abundant species, probably the result of

increased breeding on cultivated cycads in gardens nearby. The butterfly has become

a pest of cycads near Brisbane and on the Sunshine and Gold Coasts, SE Qld.

Distributional changes in host preferences by 7. onycha were noted at various

localities on the New South Wales coast from 22-25 May 2007, between Tweed

Heads and Toukley. Damage was apparent on exotic cycads at several localities

between Murwillumbah and Kempsey but not further south at Toukley. In

Queensland, attack by larvae on many exotic cycads has increased substantially in

2007 between Beerwah and Pomona on the Sunshine Coast. In late December 2007,

Professor Graeme Wilson noted females of 7. onycha ovipositing on a potted plant

(ca 1 m) of Wollemi Pine (Wollemia nobilis) at Brookfield, west of Brisbane.

Examination showed more than 100 eggs had been deposited on very young foliage

and two small larvae had commenced feeding [but, as of March 2008, no larvae have

completed development on this plant]. Close to this plant a few eggs of T. onycha

were observed deposited on terminal foliage of a young (<2 m) Hoop Pine (Araucaria

cunninghamii) but no larvae or feeding scars were observed.

The abrupt changes in host preferences and abundance of 7. onycha in 2005 coincided

with periods of prolonged drought in SE Qld. Damage to exotic cycads coincided with

decreases in production of new growth on native Macrozamia spp., the previously

preferred hosts in SE Qld. The expanding distribution of the host-adapted butterflies

may be due to a climate-related genetic shift for adaptation to less-preferred and non-

native hosts. Stress from drought resulting in a reduction in young leaves of native

Macrozamia spp. necessary for larvae, or an increase in the abundance of exotic

species under cultivation, may also be contributing factors. It is interesting to note

that, at Upper Brookfield, no increase in damage appears (to date) to have occurred on

the previously preferred host Macrozamia lucida growing in moist eucalypt

woodlands. Damage by larvae of 7. onycha has not been observed on two other

gymnosperms, Bunya Pine (Araucaria bidwillii) or Kauri Pine (Agathis robusta)

growing near Pomona. — Host changes in the lycaenid butterfly Theclinesthes

onycha onycha (Hewitson): a possible preference shift? — D.P.A. Sands — 35(9):

179-180. (2007[2008]).

Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2): 79-87 79

THE BURNHAM COLLECTION (LEPIDOPTERA): FROM REV.

PERE J.B. PONCELET IN BOUGAINVILLE TO.GOLD COAST

GARAGE

CHRIS LAMBKIN!, TONY HILLER?, W. JOHN TENNENT?

and NOEL STARICK!

!Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane, Old 4101

Mount Glorious Biological Centre, Mt Glorious Road, Mt Glorious, Qld 4520

’The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 SBD, United Kingdom

Abstract

A butterfly collection inquiry at the Queensland Museum initially appeared to contain little

scientific value. Further investigation, however, led to a historical chase through collections,

databases, the web and literary records to determine the collection locality and collector of the

specimens. Rev. Pére J.B. Poncelet is followed through his collections on Bougainville to

scientific acknowledgement in many biological arenas.

Introduction

In mid 2007, one of us (CL) received a referral from the Queensland Museum

inquiry desk concerning a phone call from Sam Burnham, who wanted some

advice on a butterfly collection found in his Gold Coast garage while

organising his late father’s effects. The collection was housed in a single

wooden box (Fig. 1) with a tightly sealed glass lid. On top of the contents

was a folded sheet of Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant, an influential,

Rotterdam based, liberal Dutch daily newspaper founded in 1844 by Henricus

Nijgh (Wikipedia 2007), with the date clearly seen as 23 April 1925 (Fig. 2).

Inside the box (Fig. 1) were a matchbox containing headed pins (Fig. 3), one

large envelope, three rolls of setting paper, a pack of No. 5 insect pins, many

scattered insect pins, a cutout photograph of butterflies and 52 folded papers

of various sizes (Figs 4-6). While 13 of the papers were plain (Fig. 5), 39

were made from folded pages removed from assorted books or periodicals,

19 of them Ecclesiastical (Figs 4, 6). These included pages from ‘Studies in

St Jerome and St Augustine’, ‘The Loneliness of the Priest’, ‘Eucharistic

Preaching’ (Figs 4, 6), ‘The Little Israelite’ from the ‘Messenger’ dated

1/3/17 (Figs 4, 6) and the American ‘The Ecclesiastical Review’ (Fig. 13),

published between 1901-1943. Advertisements for Church furniture, Sabbath

bells, school equipment, acoustic tiles for church walls and ceilings (Fig. 6)

and statues (Fig. 11) were also featured.

The collection

The papers contained an assortment of butterflies, mainly ‘birdwings’

(Papilionidae) (Figs 10-13), including four pairs of the CITES-listed Queen

Victoria’s birdwing, Ornithoptera victoriae regis (Rothschild, 1895) (Figs

10, 12) and 12 males and 11 females of the blue form of the northern

birdwing, Ornithoptera priamus urvillianus (Guérin-Méneville, 1838) (Figs

11, 13).

80 Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2)

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Figs 1-9. (1), inside the Burnham Collection box. (2), Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant

newspaper dated 23 April 1925. (3), matchbox containing headed pins. (4-6): folded

papers: (4), Ecclesiastical papers: Eucharistic Preaching, The Little Israelite and part

of an advertisement; (5), plain paper with ‘Buin’ and initials ‘J.B.P.’; (6),

Ecclesiastical papers: Eucharistic Preaching, The Little Israelite and an advertisement

for ‘Acoustile’. (7-9): butterflies within papers: (7), Vindula arsinoe sapor; (8),

Cyrestis acilia nitida; (9), Papilio phestus reductus. Photographs by N. Starick.

Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2) 81

Are Most Appr

Church of Convene

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tion to render

THE ECCLESIASTICAL

is it that we have not produced the heroic sanctity that has

distinguished the church in other portions of the globe? How

comes it that within one hundred and twenty-five years of the

landing of Columbus, Lima gives its fragrant Rose to our altars,

to be followed by the Jong litany of saintly bishops, missfon-

aries, and nuns in the Latin Americas, while our soil is ftill

iE apparently arid? Is not the preaching of the Eucharist, so

et the Universe be disturbed by tempests from every quarter, let armed battalions close | RER Pants ay ingest ote TO pe et,

in deadly fray, let fleets ba crippled and destroyed by Becta let the law courta ring with erie that the Panis Angelorum may „indeed become the cibus via-

Joss litigation, and still this is my chief business in life, to conform myself entirely to the one torum, needed to widen the spiritual horizon of our people,

and only Will of Ge Asie: $

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mysticism that flames so easily into sainthood, cause foe

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Figs 10-13. Birdwings. (10), Ornithoptera victoriae regis male; (11), Ornithoptera

priamus urvillianus male among the statues; (12), Ornithoptera victoriae regis female

‘Turning to HIM’; (13), Ornithoptera priamus urvillianus female in ‘The

Ecclesiastical Review’. Photographs by N. Starick.

The following butterfly species were also present: Papilio phestus reductus

Rothschild, 1915 (Fig. 9) and Papilio toboroi Ribbe, 1907 (Papilionidae);

Catopsilia pomona (Fabricius, 1775) and Delias schoenbergi schoenbergi

Rothschild, 1895 (Fig. 15) (Pieridae); Tellervo hiero hiero (Godman &

82 Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2)

Salvin, 1888) (Fig. 16) (Danainae), Argyronympha pulchra Mathew, 1886

(Fig. 18) (Satyrinae), Cyrestis acilia nitida (Mathew, 1887) (Fig. 8)

(Apaturinae), Phaedyma fissizonata pisias (Godman & Salvin, 1888) (Fig.

17) (Limenitidinae), Mynes woodfordi woodfordi Godman & Salvin, 1888

(Fig. 14) (Nymphalinae) and Vindula arsinoe sapor (Godman & Salvin,

1888) (Fig. 7) (Heliconiinae) [all family Nymphalidae] (Parsons 1998,

Tennent 2002, 2006). Also included are two specimens of the large and

conspicuous moth Lyssa mutata Butler, 1887 (Fig. 19) (Uraniidae).

Initial inspection of the collection indicated that the specimens had little

scientific value, as no locality, date, or collector information was included. It

was thought that an interested collector might be willing to set some of the

specimens in a display box for the family in return for the remainder of the

specimens, but closer examination identified considerable insect pest

damage. The specimens were not suitable for mounting and display.

Our interest turned to where this collection originated. While Ornithoptera

priamus (Linnaeus) is widespread from the Moluccas and New Guinea east to

the Solomon Islands and south to Australia, the ‘blue’ form, O. p. urvillianus,

has a much more restricted distribution of Solomon Islands, Bougainville and

New Ireland, while Ornithoptera victoriae Gray and Lyssa mutata are

restricted to the Solomon Archipelago (Bougainville and the Solomon

Islands). Ornithoptera victoriae regis is known only from Bougainville, the

Shortland Islands (Alu) and Choiseul (Haugum and Low 1978, Tennent

2002). The distribution of Argyronympha pulchra is limited to Bougainville

and the western part of the Solomon Islands (Tennent 2002). Sam Burnham

was able to inform us that his father, Jeffrey Thomas Burnham, had worked

in Papua New Guinea and might have acquired the collection there.

The initials J.B.P. and the name Buin (a settlement in southern Bougainville)

appear on several of the papers (Fig. 5). The possibility was considered that

these specimens were collected by local villagers for a Father Poncelet, who

supported his mission by exporting specimens from Buin to collectors in

other countries, particularly Australia. The second author (TH) knows of two

Australian collectors, the now deceased David and Fred Smith of The Gap,

Brisbane, who possessed specimens of both Ornithoptera priamus urvillianus

and O. victoriae regis from Father Poncelet, that were probably collected by

villagers.

Poncelet’s contribution to Science

There appear to be several butterflies named after Poncelet. Papilio ponceleti

Le Moult (a synonym of Papilio woodfordi Godman & Salvin, 1888) was

described by Le Moult (1933) from a pair originating from Kieta, a

settlement on the east coast of Bougainville. Oddly, although it occupied a

full page, the description of Papilio ponceleti did not specifically mention

Poncelet himself.

Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2) 83

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22

Figs 14-22. (14-19): Lepidoptera within folded papers: (14), Mynes woodfordi

woodfordi; (15), Delias schoenbergi schoenbergi; (16), Tellervo hiero hiero; (17),

Phaedyma fìssizonata pisias; (18), Argyronympha pulchra; (19), Lyssa mutata.

Photographs by N. Starick. (20): Ornithoptera ‘allottei’ in The Natural History

Museum, London; photograph by J. Tennent. (21-22): Birdwings bearing Poncelet’s

name: (21), Ornithoptera victoriae regis f. ponceleti in The Natural History Museum,

London; photograph by J. Tennent; (22), Ornithoptera victoriae regis f. ponceletanus;

photograph by Mark Simon (Florida) and Gilles Deslisle (Canada).

84 Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2)

A gynandromorph of Ornithoptera victoriae regis from Buin, now in The

Natural History Museum, London (Fig. 21) was named ponceleti by

Rothschild (1936). In his description of this fundamentally female victoriae

with male coloration, Rothschild (1936) stated ‘This extraordinary insect was

sent to me by the Rev. Père Poncelet … [from] Buin, Bougainville ... I name

this Q f. ponceleti after its captor’.

Rousseau-Decelle (1946) later described another aberrant specimen of

Ornithoptera victoriae regis from Buin (Fig. 22) as ‘Papilio (Ornithoptera)

victoriae regis Rothsch. f. indiv. 0’ ponceletanus Rousseau-Decelle’ and said

[in French] ‘I dedicate this magnificent form of victoriae regis to R. P.

Poncelet, the brilliant naturalist, for ... services to entomology and

ornithology’.

Poncelet is recorded many times in association with zoological specimens,

including birds. He is described as ‘a missionary in the Buin area of

Bougainville’ who collected two of the first ten recorded specimens of the

flightless Woodford’s rail (Nesoclopeus woodfordi (Ogilvie-Grant, 1889)

(Rallidae)) in the 1930s (Hadden 2002). His name also appeared in a very

recent description of a new monotypic genus of frogmouth (Podargidae) from

the Solomon Islands, where he is cited as ‘Father J.B. Poncelet, a French

missionary on Bougainville’ who collected five of the earliest known

specimens between 1936 and 1938; only 19 specimens are known to exist

(Cleere et al. 2007). Danis (1937) included both these species in a list of over

50 bird specimens, from 26 species, from ‘a collection sent by Father J.-B.

Poncelet, missionary in the island of Bougainville and well-known naturalist

of this region’ [translated from French], to the Muséum National d’Histoire

Naturelle in Paris. Poncelet also collected the vulnerable black bittern

(Ixobrychus flavicollis (Latham, 1790) (Ardeidae)) from Bougainville on 27

December 1935 (Tarburton 2007).

One of the most remarkable records is Poncelet’s collection of the first nine

specimens of Poncelet’s giant rat, Solomys ponceleti (Troughton, 1935)

(Muridae), known only from the islands of Bougainville, Buka and Choiseul

(Flannery 1995). Poncelet visited Ellis Troughton at the Australian Museum

in Sydney in 1934 and offered to collect specimens for the museum, In little

more than two years he supplied over a hundred specimens of mammals

(Troughton 1936), including a young adult female and two skulls that were

described by Troughton (1935) as Unicomys ponceleti Troughton. Poncelet

subsequently sent two more specimens of this species to Troughton and four

to the Musée Royal d’Histoire Naturelle in Belgium. Only another four

specimens are known (Flannery 1995). Adults of this arboreal rodent weigh

more than one kilogram and build large, loose stick nests in huge forest trees;

the species is considered endangered (Flannery 1995) and was placed on the

IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals in 1994.

Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2) 85

Poncelet collected 11 specimens of a small bat from Buin, described by

Troughton (1936) as Pipistrellus angulatus ponceleti Troughton, a subspecies

of the New Guinea Pipistrelle (Vespertilionidae). Troughton (1936) also

reported that the carefully recorded material sent by Poncelet to the

Australian Museum included insects, fish and reptiles, mostly collected in a

densely forested area 17 km inland from Buin. Kinghorn (1937) described

one of these, a skink, as Tribolonotus ponceleti Kinghorn (Scincidae) from a

solitary specimen, noting that it was named after Father Poncelet, the

‘collector of many excellent specimens of many kinds for the Trustees of the

Australian Museum’.

Many years later, Greer and Parker (1968), in their description of

Tribolonotus pseudoponceleti Greer & Parker (Scincidae), noted that papers

accompanying Poncelet’s material in the Australian Museum stated that the

‘specimens were collected during the months of September and October

1934, by Father J.B. Poncelet S.M., of the Buin Catholic Mission’ (Greer and

Parker 1968). The Australian Museum database currently records 386

specimens in their collections collected by Poncelet from the Buin district,

including 27 species of reptile (95 specimens), one species of possum (8),

four species of rodent (32) and bird (4), and eight species each of frog (47),

bat (127), and crustacean (72). Curiously, no records of butterflies collected

by Poncelet are included in the database.

Pére Poncelet was a contemporary of Pére Allotte, who also lived and worked

at Buin. Allotte is better known to entomologists because of the famous

Ornithoptera ‘allottei’ (Rothschild, 1914) (Fig. 20), collected at Buin in 1913

and which many, including Rothschild, considered to be a distinct species of

Troides Hübner or Ornithoptera Boisduval. It is now certain that allottei is a

naturally occurring hybrid between O. priamus urvillianus and O. victoriae

(Haugum and Low 1978, Haugum 1990, Tennent 2002). Pére Allotte claimed

that it was a hybrid from the beginning and Poncelet is said to have agreed

with this assessment (Rousseau-Decelle 1939).

Examination of incoming letters from the North Solomons Region to the

Procurator’s Office of the Oceania Marist Province Archives confirmed that

Poncelet and Allotte were contemporaries. Sixteen letters were received

between 4 February 1919 and 26 September 1928 from Jean-Baptiste

Poncelet SM [Society of Mary], 1884-1958, and 62 letters were received

between 10 February 1905 and 1 July 1927 from Francois Allotte SM (Cook

1986). It would appear from biological publications that Father Poncelet

remained on Bougainville for some time after 1928 and Laracy (1976) noted

that J.B. Poncelet served in southern Bougainville from 1939-1950 (except

for a period from 1942-1946). Nelson (2007) mentioned a diary written by an

R.P. Poncelet, a Catholic missionary and Belgian national, who was taken

from Bougainville and moved to New Britain by the Japanese in World War

II, included in a book by Patrick O'Reilly and Jean-Marie Sedes (1949).

86 Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2)

Apparently, Poncelet was a member of the Marist Fathers Order and not a

Marist Brother (L. McCane, pers. com.). Poncelet was among the priests who

welcomed the first Marist Brothers to Bougainville on their arrival at

Torokina on the west coast on 17 June 1948 (McCane 2004). However, it is

noted that ‘In the North Solomons, benefaction was stimulated by the

protestant incursion, particularly in Buin, where J.B. Poncelet was known to

bolster wavering faith, not only with tobacco, calico and tinned meat, but

with gifts of money. Such tactics were prudently discouraged ...’ (Laracy

1976).

Variation in citing Poncelet’s initials by Rousseau-Decelle (1946) and Nelson

(2007) may be as a result of reference to his title, Rev. Pére, as used earlier

by Rothschild (1936). It is considered unlikely that both a Belgian and a

French missionary of the same surname were present at Buin at much the

same time.

Acknowledgements

We wish to thank the help given by Lawrence McCane from the Marist

Brothers in Newcastle for his extensive knowledge of the history of the

Marist Fathers in the Solomons, Hank Nelson (Australian National

University) for his information on the treatment of the Marist Fathers on

Bouganville in World War II, David Britton for his searches of the Australian

Museum database, the Queensland Museum for funding the Inquiry Centre

and the extensive Museum Library and, especially, Sam Burnham and his

family.

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FILARDI, C.E. and DUTSON, G. 2007. A new genus of frogmouth (Podargidac) from the

Solomon Islands - results from a taxonomic review of Podargus ocellatus inexpectatus Hartert

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COOK, T.B. 1986. Oceania Marist Provice Archives. OMPA 387. http://rspas.anu.edu.au/

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from Bougainville and Buka, Solomon Islands, with comments on the biology of the genus.

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HADDEN, D. 2002. Woodford’s rail (Nesoclopeus woodfordi) on Bougainville Island, Papua

New Guinea. Notornis 49: 115-121, plates 6-8.

HAUGUM, J. 1990. Ornithoptera allottei - a natural hybrid. Papilio International 6(3): 471-475.

HAUGUM, J. and LOW, A.M. 1978. A monograph of the birdwing butterflies. The systematics

of Ornithoptera, Troides and related genera. Vol 1, part 1. Introduction, Ornithoptera

(Acthioptera). Scandinavian Science Press, Klampenborg; pp 11-84.

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KINGHORN, J.R. 1937. A new species of skink from the Solomon Islands. Records of the

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LARACY, H. 1976. Marists and Melanesians - A history of catholic missions in the Solomon

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McCANE, L. 2004. Melanesian stories: Marist Brothers in Solomon Islands and Papua New

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PARSONS, M.J. 1998. The butterflies of Papua New Guinea: their systematics and biology.

Academic Press, London; xvi + 736 pp, xxvi + 136 pls.

ROTHSCHILD, W. 1936. On a female of Troides victoriae regis with male coloration. Annals

and Magazine of Natural History (10) 17: 306-307.

ROUSSEAU-DECELLE, G. 1939. Note sur nouvel exemplaire de Troides allottei Rothschild

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88 Australian Entomologist, 2008, 35 (2)

RECENT LITERATURE

Compiled by Max Moulds (msmoulds@bigpond.net.au)

ABBOTT, I., BURBIDGE, T. and WILLS, A.

2007 Austromerope poultoni (Insecta, Mecoptera) in south west Western Australia:

occurrence, modelled geographical distribution, and phenology. Journal of the Royal

Society of Western Australia 90(2): 97-106.

CANZANO, A.A., NEW, T.R. and YEN, A.L.

2007 The Eltham copper butterfly Paralucia pyrodiscus lucida Crosby (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae):

local verses state conservation strategies in Victoria. Victorian Naturalist 124: 236-242.

DUNN, K.L.

2007 An extension to the known distribution of Eurema alitha (C. & R. Felder) into south-

eastern Queensland (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). Victorian Entomologist 37: 58-61.

DUNN, K.L. and MOSS, J.T.

2007 A resurrected larval food plant for Delias argenthona (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera:

Picridac) in coastal, northern New South Wales, with review of associated literature.

Victorian Entomologist 37: 77-80.

FAITHFUL, I.

2008 Kurrajong leaf-tier Dichocrocis clytusalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in north-

east Victoria. Victorian Entomologist 38: 5-7.

FERGUSON, D.J.

2007 Hesperilla donnysa Hewitson (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) and Jalmenus evagoras

(Donovan) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) survivors of the 2002 Canberra fire storm.

Victorian Entomologist 37: 32.

GRUND, R.

2007. Some old butterfly records for the Koolan Island area, Kimberley, Western Australia.

Victorian Entomologist 37: 63.

2007 New range extensions and other data for selected butterflies from the northwest Eyre

Peninsula and westcoast areas of South Australia. Victorian Entomologist 37: 90-95.

HAYWOOD, B.T.

2006 New butterfly distribution records for the lower south cast region of South Australia.

Victorian Entomologist 36: 84-89.

2006 A study of the cicadas (Hemiptera: Homoptera) in the south cast of South Australia —

Part I. South Australian Naturalist 80: 12-23.

2006 A study of the cicadas (Hemiptera: Homoptera) in the south east of South Australia —

Part IL. South Australian Naturalist 80: 48-53.

2007 A study of the cicadas (Hemiptera: Homoptera) in the south cast of South Australia —

Part III. South Australian Naturalist 81: 13-18.

HILL, L.

2007 The chevron cutworm, Diarsia intermixta (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Noctuinac) in

Tasmania. Victorian Entomologist 37: 68-76.

HINGSTON, A.B.

2007 The potential impact of the Large Earth Bumblebee Bombus terrestris (Apidae) on the

Australian mainland: lessons from Tasmania. Victorian Naturalist 124: 110-117.

HONAN, P.

2007 The Lord Howe Island stick insect: an example of the benefits of captive management.

Victorian Naturalist 124: 258-261.

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Volume 35, Part 2, 1 July 2008

AER

CONTENTS

HANCOCK, D.L.

Systematic notes on some species in the fruit fly tribe Tephritini

(Diptera: Tephritidae: Tephritinae) in the Asian and Pacific Regions.

LAMBKIN, C., HILLER, T., TENNENT, W.J. AND STARICK, N.

The Burnham Collection (Lepidoptera): from Rev. Pére J.B. Poncelet

in Bougainville to Gold Coast garage.

MÜLLER, CJ., JAKUSCH, J. AND WILLS, L.

A further new subspecies of Delias messalina Arora (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

from New Ireland, Papua New Guinea.

MÜLLER, C.J., WILLS, L. AND PETRIE, E.

A new subspecies of Graphium kosii Müller & Tennent (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)

from New Britain, Papua New Guinea.

PETERS, J.

New distribution records for Australian butterflies (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)

from Broome, Western Australia.

SMITHERS, C.N.

A new species of Sisyra Burmeister (Neuroptera: Sisyridae) from the Paroo River,

northwestern New South Wales.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES

RECENT ENTOMOLOGICAL LITERATURE

ISSN 1320 6133