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Bonn zoological Bulletin

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

Fabian Herder, Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander

Koenig (ZFMK), Ichthyology Section, Adenauerallee 160,

53113 Bonn, Germany,

tel. +49 228-9122—255, fax: +49 228-9122-212;

f-herder.zfmk(@uni-bonn.de

MANAGING EDITOR SUPPLEMENT SERIES

Thomas Wesener, ZFMK, tel. +49 228-9122-425,

fax: +49 228-9122-212; twesener@uni-bonn.de

EDITORIAL BOARD

Dirk Ahrens, Insects: Coleoptera, ZFMK,

tel. +49 228-9122-286, fax: +49 228-9122-332;

d.ahrens.zfmk@uni-bonn.de

Wolfgang Bohme, Amphibians and Reptiles, ZFMK,

tel. +49 228—9122—250, fax: +49 228—-9122-212;

w.boehme.zfmk@uni-bonn.de

Netta Dorchin, Insects: Diptera, Department of Zoology, Tel

Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel, tel. +972-3-

6409808, fax: +972-3-6409403; ndorchin@post.tau.ac.1l

Renate van den Elzen, Birds, ZFMK,

tel. +49 2289122231, fax: +49 2289122212;

r.elzen.zfmk@uni-bonn.de

Bernhard Huber, Invertebrates except Insects, ZFMK,

tel. +49 228-9122—294, fax: +49 228-9122-212;

b.huber.zfmk@uni-bonn.de

Rainer Hutterer, Mammals, ZFMK,

tel. +49 228-9122-261, fax: +49 228-9122-212;

r.hutterer.zfmk@uni-bonn.de

Gustav Peters, Mammals, ZFMK,

tel. +49 228-9122—262, fax: +49 228-9122-212;

g.peters.zfmk@uni-bonn.de

Bradley Sinclair, Canadian National Collection of Insects,

Ottawa Plant Laboratory — Entomology, CFIA, K.W. Neat-

by Bldg., C.E.F., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada

KIA 0C6, tel. + 1 613-759-1787, fax: + 1 613-759-1927;

bradley.sinclair@inspection.ge.ca

Dieter Stiining, Insects except Coleoptera and Diptera,

ZFMK, tel. +49 228-9122—220, fax: +49 228-9122-212;

d.stuening.zfmk@uni-bonn.de

Philipp Wagner, Villanova University, Department of Biolo-

gy, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085-1699,

USA; philipp.wagner.zfmk@uni-bonn.de

ADVISORY BOARD

Theo C. M. Bakker, Rheinische Friedrich- Wilhelms-Univer-

sitat, Institut fir Evolutionsbiologie & Okologie, 53113

Bonn, Germany, tel. +49 228—73-5130, fax: +49 228—73-

2321; t.bakker@uni-bonn.de

Aaron M. Bauer, Villanova University, Department of Biolo-

gy, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085-1699,

USA, tel. +1 610-519-4857, fax: +1 610-519-7863;

aaron.bauer@villanova.edu

Wieslaw Bogdanowicz, Museum and Institute of Zoology,

Polish Academy of Sciences, Wilcza 64, 00-679 Warszawa,

Poland, tel. +48 22—628—7304, fax: +48 22629-6302;

wieslawb@muiz.waw.pl

Matthias Glaubrecht, Museum fiir Naturkunde Berlin, Leib-

niz-Institut fiir Evolutions- und Biodiversitatsforschung an

der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 43,

10115 Berlin, Germany, tel. +49 30—2093-8504/ 8400,

fax: +49 030—2093-8565; matthias.glaubrecht@m fn-

berlin.de

Jeremy D. Holloway, The Natural History Museum, Depart-

ment of Entomology, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD,

U.K.; j-holloway@nhm.ac.uk

Tan Heok Hui, Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research,

National University of Singapore, Department of Biological

Sciences, 6 Science Drive 2, #03-01, Singapore 117546, tel.

+65-6516 1662, heokhui@nus.edu.sg

Boris Krystufek, Slovenian Museum of Natural History, P.

O. Box 290, Ljubljana, Slovenia; boris.krystufek@zrs.upr.si

Wolfgang Schawaller, Staatliches Museum fur Naturkunde,

Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany,

tel. +49 711-8936-221, fax: +49 711—8936—100;

schawaller.smns@naturkundemuseum-bw.de

Ulrich K. Schliewen, Department of Ichthyology, Bavarian

State Collection of Zoology, Miinchhausenstr. 21, 81247

Munchen, Germany, tel. + 49 89-8107-110;

schliewen@zsm.mwn.de

Michael Schmitt, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitat, Allge-

meine & Systematische Zoologie, Anklamer Str. 20, 17489

Greifswald, Germany, tel. +49 3834-86—4242, fax: +49

3834—-86—-4098; michael.schmitt@uni-greifswald.de

W. David Sissom, Dept. of Life, Earth and Environmental

Sciences, W. Texas A. & M. University, WIAMU Box

60808, Canyon, Texas 79016, USA, tel. +1 806-651-2578,

fax: +1 806-651-2928; dsissom@mail.wtamu.edu

Miguel Vences, Technical University of Braunschweig, Zoo-

logical Institute, Spielmannstr. 8, 38106 Braunschweig,

Germany, tel. + 49 531-391-3237, fax: + 49 31-391-8198;

m.vences(@tu-bs.de

Erich Weber, Eberhard-Karls-Universitat, Zoologische

Schausammlung, Sigwartstr. 3, 72076 Tiibingen,

tel. +49 7071-2972616, fax +49 7071—295170;

erich.weber@uni-tuebingen.de

Editorial

The first part of the present issue of the Bonn zoologi-

cal Bulletin is an obituary to Dr. Jiirgen Haffer, member

of the journal’s Advisory Board. Jiirgen Haffer was well-

known for his contributions to the fields of biogeography

and ornithology, visited the ZFMK regularly, and joined

the BzB Board in 2002. From the journal’s perspective,

we will miss especially his valuable input as an Adviso-

ry Board member.

In times of increasing demands on scientists for publi-

shing quantities of research papers, comparatively few

journals remain available publishing sound extensive or

even monographic work in the fields of taxonomy, syste-

matics and evolution, or biodiversity and biogeography.

The “Bonner zoologische Monographien” (“Bonn zoolo-

gical Monographs”) was such a series, publishing mono-

graphic work since 1971. Efforts for maintaining two

scientific journals in parallel are however substantial, and

the step of including the “Monographs” into BzB is con-

sequent. From 2012, a regular “Supplement Series” will

publish comprehensive single papers, monographs and

theme issues, in addition to the two annual volumes of

BzB. I am delighted to announce that Thomas Wesener,

curator for millipedes (Myriapoda) at ZFMK, will be in

charge as “Managing Editor BzB Supplement Series” from

2012. 1am convinced that the Supplement Series will con-

tribute to further developing the journal’s profile and en-

hancing its visibility. A warm “welcome on board” to Tho-

mas!

Besides the upcoming “Supplement Series”, readers

might realize other changes indicating that BzB is “evol-

ving’. The present issue is the first one coming in a slight-

ly revised text layout, aimed at a more efficient use of the

print space and a clearer presentation of its contents. I

thank the members of the Editorial Board for their valu-

able input, Eva-Maria Levermann for her professional lay-

out work, and Michelle Clemens and Serkan Guise for for-

matting support.

EANTHSONTA

FEB 07 2012

— ERAS

“An inordinate fondness for beetles” is said to have been

J.B.S. Haldane’s (1892-1964) response when theologians

asked what one could conclude on the nature of the crea-

tor from the study of his creation (Hutchinson 1959, Am

Nat 93 (870), p. 146). This classic statement of the famous

geneticist and evolutionary biologist Haldane refers to the

sheer species diversity of beetles, constituting more than

40 % of all insect species in the world. The present issue

of BzB contains four papers dealing with beetle taxono-

my, including the descriptions of altogether 25 species

(Ahrens; Ahrens & Fabrizi; Yoshitomi & Putra) and one

genus (Wagner) new to science. In line, the cover illustra-

tion of this issue shows the holotype of Serica pelelaen-

sis, a small beetle from Bhutan described herein.

A careful study of literature mostly from the late 18" to

the early 19" century shows that taxonomic surprises are

not restricted to the discovery of numerous or spectacu-

lar species new to science. In this issue, Schmidtler & Boh-

me demonstrate that the Common or Viviparous Lizard

has been formally described for the first time by Lichten-

stein (1823), not by von Jacquin (1787) as has been pre-

sumed for more than 200 years; nevertheless, the scien-

tific name of this extraordinarily widely distributed, vivi-

parous lizard was preserved. Further contributions focus

on the description and illustration of preimaginal stages

of the African monkey-moth species Striphnopteryx edu-

lis (Pugaev et al.), first records of odonatans from the cal-

dera of an active Galapagos volcano (Lambertz et al.) and

Bonn (Lambertz & Schmied), and discuss the distributi-

on area and possible range extension of the Northwestern

Alligator Lizard Elgaria coerulea principis in Canada

(Lambertz & Graba).

With best wishes to all readers, authors and “BzB-team”

members,

Tibi flock

Fabian Herder (Editor-in-Chief, Fish Curator at ZFMK)

Bonn, December 2011

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 116

December 2011

Obituary to Jirgen Haffer,

Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig

* December, 9th 1932 in Berlin

+ April, 26" 2010 in Essen

fee

i \

NK)

\\'

On April 26‘, 2010, Jiirgen Haffer, a long term guest and

research associate at Museum Koenig, as well as mem-

ber of the Advisory Board of the Bonn zoological Bulletin,

died of cancer. His theories on refugial speciation in Ama-

zonian birds, driven by paleoclimate cycles during the

Pleistocene, were partly published in the institutional jour-

nals and stimulated intense academic debates from my first

day as bird curator at ZFMK in 1974.

Jiirgen Haffer was born on December 9", 1932 in Berlin

as the fourth child of Margarete and Oskar Haffer. He be-

came interested in ornithology early in his life, studied b1-

ology, paleontology and geology in Gottingen, graduated

with a diploma in 1956, and completed his dissertation in

1957. Three obituaries describe his life in detail (Vogel-

warte 48: 300-301; Ibis 152: 867-868; Anzeiger des Ver-

eins Thiiringer Ornithologen 7: 143-150).

Despite of his doctoral degree in geology and his em-

ployment with Mobil Oil in Colombia, birds remained his

major interest and passion. Between 1958 and 1967, bird

observations and an intense analysis of birds he had col-

lected “...during the course of geological field work as

professional duties permitted”, Haffer recognized conspic-

uous distribution patterns and postulated the hypothesis

of distribution centers that acted as centers of faunal dif-

ferentiation and dispersal. These centers are thought to

have acted as refugia for Amazonian forest bird species

during dry climatic periods in the Pleistocene, and led to

rapid local speciation. For his biogeographical works on

Neotropical birds, Jiirgen Haffer received the Brewster

Award by the American Ornithologist Union (AOU) in

1975. His profession led him to several places in the world,

including the USA, Iran, Egypt and Norway, where he

continued his analyses of bird speciation. His publication

on “Species concepts in Ornithology” awarded him the Or-

nithology Prize of the German Ornithological Society

(DO-G) in 1999.

After an early retirement in 1988, Jurgen Haftfer had

time to enforce his scientific ornithological activities. He

was invited for writing the generic accounts of passerines

for the “Handbuch der Végel Mitteleuropas” and to su-

pervise systematic and taxonomic issues in this series, an

occupation that lasted for a period of 20 years until 2007.

His publication list comprises about 150 scientific articles

and some 50 book reviews (For a complete reference list

of Jiirgen Haffer see Anzeiger des Vereins Thtringer Or-

nithologen 7: 145-150).

His numerous presentations at meetings of ornitholog-

ical societies and other conferences were always appre-

ciated and are still well remembered. He received sever-

al international honors and was Corresponding Member

of the DO-G since 1973, Corresponding Fellow of the

AOU since 1989, Honorary Member of the DO-G

(1993), Honorary Member of the Neotropical Ornitholog-

ical Society (2000), and Honorary Member of the Linnean

Society of New York (2004). The death of Jiirgen Haffer

came suddenly and unexpected. Ornithology has lost a sci-

entist with an international reputation and an excellent ex-

pert in the field of history of ornithology. He was always

a welcomed guest at our institution; we will miss an open

minded, friendly, polite and cultivated visitor.

Renate van den Elzen

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138

December 2011

A revision of the genus Archeohomaloplia Nikolajev, 1982

(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Sericini)

Dirk Ahrens

Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D-53113 Bonn, Germany;

E-mail: d.ahrens.zfmk@uni-bonn.de

Abstract. The present paper gives a review of the species so far assigned to the genus Archeohomaloplia Nikolajev, 1982.

The neotypes of Archeohomaloplia potanini Nikolajev, 1982 and A. medvedevi Nikolajev, 1982 are designated. Ten new

species are described from China and Myanmar / Thailand: Archeohomaloplia acuta sp. n., A. frolovi sp. n., A. ganhaizien-

sis sp. n., A. hebashana sp. n., A. kalabi sp. n., A. mingi sp. n., A. nikolajevi sp. n., A. safraneki sp. n., A. taunggyiensis

sp. n., A. yaregongensis sp. n. The genitalia of the new and the already known species are figured and the distribution of

the species is illustrated. A key to the species is given.

Key words. Taxonomy, chafer beetles, China, Indochina.

INTRODUCTION

The genus Archeohomaloplia Nikolajev, 1982 was erec-

ted by Nikolajev (1982) mainly based on its differences

to the genus Omaloplia Schoenherr, 1817, such as the an-

tenna composed by ten antennomeres (instead of nine).

Originally it included only two species (A. potanini N1-

kolajev, 1982 and A. medvedevi Nikolajev, 1982), while

subsequently a third species of a recently erected genus

Melanomaladera Miyake & Yamaya, 2001, M. yunnana

Miyake & Yamaya, 2001, was assigned as well to Archeo-

homaloplia (Ahrens 2007). In the same work A. potani-

ni Nikolajev, 1982 was synonymized with the senior na-

me, Homaloplia abbreviata Fairmaire, 1897.

Although both genera being not the only ones with a

margined pronotal base among the Sericini, their simila-

rity in external appearance is quite notable compared to

all other Palearctic Sericini. However, genital morpho-

logy of males reveals striking differences between both

making it unlikely that both would be sister taxa. Shared

characters between the two genera all have been identi-

fied by Ahrens (2006) as plesiomorphic character states

within basal Sericini (e.g. hypomeron simple, pronotal ba-

sis with marginal line) — thus the systematic position and

the taxonomic status of Archeohomaloplia is still to ex-

plore in more detail.

In the present work I examine all known representati-

ves of Archeohomaloplia that fit to the group diagnostics

sent to me for determination from the vast material of nu-

merous European and North American museums as well

as private collections. All specimens originate from the Ea-

stern Tibetan Plateau region or the mountains of Indochi-

na, areas which have not been studied so far more com-

prehensively. Ten new species have been discovered in that

material and are described herein, previously described

species are shortly reviewed and additional faunistic re-

cords are given.

Received: 17.01.2011

Accepted: 03.06.2011

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The principal terminologies and methods used for mea-

surements, specimen dissection and genital preparation are

described in detail in Ahrens (2004). The examined ma-

terial is cited with the original label contents given in quo-

tations, multiple labels are separated by a “/”. Male gen-

italia were glued on a small pointed card and photogra-

phed in both lateral and dorsal view with a stereomicros-

cope Zeiss Discovery .V20 combined with a Zeiss Axio-

Cam HRC digital camera. Using Automontage software

a number of single focussed images were combined in or-

der to obtain an image that was in focus throughout. The

resulting images were subsequently digitally edited.

COLLECTION MATERIAL DEPOSITORIES

CA D. Ahrens collection, ZFMK Bonn (Germany);

CK D. Kral collection, Prague, now NMPC

(Czech Republic);

CP P. Pacholatko collection, Brno (Czech Republic);

MNHN Museum national d’ Histoire naturelle,

Paris (France);

NHMB Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel (Switzerland);

NMMC Municipal Museum, Nagaoka (Japan);

NMPC National Museum Prague (Natural History)

(Czech Republic);

USNM National Museum of Natural History,

Washington D.C. (U.S.A.);

ZFMK Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander

Koenig, Bonn (Germany);

Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of

Sciences, St. Petersburg (Russia).

ZIN

Corresponding editor: F. Herder

118 Dirk Ahrens

Archeohomaloplia Nikolajev, 1982

Archeohomaloplia Nikolajev, 1982: 286 (type species Ar-

cheohomaloplia potanini Nikolajev, 1982 by original de-

signation).

Melanomaladera Miyake & Yamaya, 2001: 38 (type

species Melanomaladera yunnana Miyake &Yamaya,

2001 by original designation), syn by Ahrens 2007: 6.

Remarks. The genus Archeohomaloplia was erected by

Nikolajev (1982) mainly based on its differences to the

genus Omaloplia Schoenherr, 1817, such as the antenna

composed by ten antennomeres (instead of nine). Although

both genera being not the only ones with a margined pro-

notal base among the Sericini, their similarity in external

appearance is quite notable compared to all other Pale-

arctic Sericini. However, genital morphology of males re-

veals striking differences between both making it unlike-

ly that both would be sister taxa: While in Omaloplia pa-

rameres are composed by almost (2—3) independent hai-

ry lobes (Roessner & Ahrens 2004) in Archeohomaloplia

parameres never bear setae. Furthermore, the hind wing

in Archeohomaloplia has, in contrast to Omaloplia, an anal

vein which is sharply bent at middle, which was previo-

usly recognised as an unambiguous synapomorphy of

‘Modern Sericini’ (Ahrens 2006b). Most important sha-

red characters between the two genera all have been iden-

tified by Ahrens (2006b) as plesiomorphic character states

within basal Sericini (e.g. hypomeron simple, pronotal ba-

sis with marginal line) — thus the systematic position and

the taxonomic status of Archeohomaloplia is still to ex-

plore in more detail.

So far, the black and shiny body, the margined base of

the pronotum, and a dorsal or lateral apophysis of the phal-

lobase can bee seen as the preliminary diagnostic charac-

teristics of the genus Archeohomaloplia.

Distribution. So far Archeohomaloplia is known only

from the areas east of the Tibetan plateau, with two spe-

cies occurring also in the mountains of Indochina (My-

anmar, Thailand).

Key to species (72)

] Hypomeron not carinate. Metatarsomere | shorter

than the following tarsomere. Elytra and legs

TACK 2.65) ae Cec certe tise ee ier eee een 2

1° Hypomeron finely carinate. Metatarsomere | longer

than the following tarsomere. Elytra dark brown,

lessvbrowniShseenas.d. ea setae oe ee ee 12

2 Disc of pronotum with numerous long, erect setae.

FEE AEA TE sone ane SAR PR ona aa aunt. cognomnant 3

2’ Disc of pronotum without long setae. ............... 6

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138

Setae on pronotum and elytra long, twice as long as

Oculanidiamneteriy eee A. frolovi sp. n.

Setae on pronotum and elytra moderately long, as

long/asioculan diameter-e pete eee ee eeeeee eee ere 4

Dorsal apophysis of aedeagus moderately long and

straight (dorsal view). Setae on elytra shorter than

intervals wide. Posterior angles of pronotum blunt.

Dorsal apophysis of aedeagus strongly bent back-

wards at middle forming a sharp hook. Setae on

elytra almost as long as intervals wide. Posterior

angles of pronotum obsolete. ...4. hebashana sp. n.

Right paramere strongly bent twice, behind basal

third and shortly before apex.

RA oe ae A. yunnana (Miyake & Yamaya, 2001)

Right paramere strongly bent once only, behind

basalithind syeeceseneeere rece A. ganhaiziensis sp. n.

Basal marginal line almost complete medially. ...7

Basal marginal line widely interrupted medially.

Sides of clypeus strongly convex, basally slightly

convergent, showing a distinct angle with the

ocular canthus. Body size larger 7 mm. Aedeagus

with large lateral apophysis.

Shegat ea SEAL a ae A, abbreviata (Fairmaire, 1897)

Clypeus widest at base, angle between sides of

clypeus and ocular canthus blunt and indistinct.

Body size smaller 6 mmiy2 2 eee ee eeeeeeeeee 8

Tegument of pronotum smooth and very shiny. ...9

Tegument of pronotum micro-reticulate (80x) and

shightlysdullae eae eeereee eens A. kalabi sp. n.

Dorsal apophysis of phallobasis short, much

shorter than the apex of phallobasis wide.

id Luba Coe Uae Rio A. nikolajevi sp. n.

Dorsal apophysis of phallobasis long, almost as

wide as the apex of phallobasis. ..................... 10

Posterior angles of pronotum and anterior angles of

labroclypeus blunt. ..4. medvedevi Nikolajev, 1982

Posterior angles of pronotum obsolete. Anterior

angles of labroclypeus convex.

EE, BEART Ciera earn A. yaregongensis sp. 0.

Setae on elytra distinctly shorter than elytral

intervals wide. Dorsal apophysis of phallobasis

widelatibasetiaa.<s-n.sete tere A. mingi sp. n.

Setae on elytra as long as elytral intervals wide.

Dorsal apophysis of phallobasis all over narrow and

tube=shapedaenaceeseecaeeeeeeeee A. safraneki sp. n.

Antennal club slightly reflexed, almost twice as long

as the remaining antennomeres combined. Tibiae

and tarsi yellowish brown. ...A. taunggyiensis sp. n.

Antennal club straight, almost 1.5 times as long as

the remaining antennomeres combined. Tibiae and

CALSTDTOWM 44. Sscaseeet ne cee Cee A. acuta sp. Nn.

©OZFMK

A revision of the genus Archeohomaloplia Nikolajev, 1982 119

Archeohomaloplia abbreviata (Fairmaire, 1897)

Homaloplia abbreviata Fairmaire, 1897: 244 (type loca-

lity: China, Sichuan: ‘Tchoug-king’).

Omaloplia abbreviata [species incertae sedis] — Ahrens

2006a: 242.

Archeohomaloplia abbreviata: Ahrens 2007: 6.

Archeohomaloplia potanini Nikolajev, 1982: 186 (type lo-

cality: China, Sichuan: Wa-cy-koj & Za-li), Ahrens 2006a:

230; syn by Ahrens 2007: 6.

Type material examined. Syntype (Homaloplia abbre-

viata): 1 6 “Tchoug-king Sze-Tchouan / Museum Paris

P. Guerry 1924 / Homaloplia abbreviata Fairm. n. sp. /

Type” (MNHN), 1 2 “Museum Paris 1906 Coll. Leon

Fairmaire / Tchoug-king Sze-Tchouan / Homaloplia ab-

breviata Fairm. n. sp. China” (MNHN), | 3 “Tchoug-king

Sze-Tchouan / Museum Paris P. Guerry 1924” (MNHN).

Neotype (4. potanini, here designated): ¢ “mshd [bet-

ween] Wa-cy-koj 1 [and] Za-li 15-VII-93 Potanin/ Para-

typus Arch. potanini Nikolajev 1982” (ZIN). Paratypes (A.

potanini): 4 3, 14 2° “mshd [between] Wa-cy-koj i [and]

Za-li 15-VII-93 Potanin/ Paratypus Arch. potanini Niko-

lajev 1982” (ZIN). Former holotype (A. potanini): ¢

“mshd [between] Wa-cy-koj i [and] Za-li 15-VII-93 Po-

tanin/ Holotypus Arch. potanini Nikolaev 1982” (ZIN, ho-

lotype destroyed: apical half and abdomen missing, geni-

tal lost from cartoon).

Additional material examined. see Ahrens (2007). | ex.

“China- Sichuan pr. Kangding distr. 21.—24.7.1992 Hai-

lougou Glacier Park R. Dunda lgt.” (CP), 8 ex. “W Sichu-

an |.—7.VII.1994 29.37N 102.07E 1200-1900 m Moxi —

Hailougou Igt. D. Kral & J. Farkac¢” (CK, NHMB), 23 ex.

“Siao-Lou Lou Chan Chasseurs Thibétains 1896/ Muséum

Paris R. Oberthiir 1952” (MNHN), 12 ex. “Su-Tchuen

Siao Lou 1897” (MNHN), 6 ex. “Su-Tchuen Mo Sy-Mien

1897” (MNHN), 2 ex. “TaTong Kiao Chasseurs infigéenes

1894” (MNHN), 17 ex. “Ta-tsien-Lou Chasseurs de P. De-

jean 1904” (MNHN), 32 ex. “Ta-tsien-Lou Chasseurs Thi-

betains 1896” (MNHN), 2 ex. ‘““Ta-tsien-Lou Chasseurs in-

digenes 1893” (MNHN), | 9 “Tsékou 1902 R.P.J. Duber-

nard” (MNHN), | 2 “Vallée du Tong-Ho Chasseurs in-

digenes 15 Avril—-15 Mai 1893” (MNHN), | ex. “Mou-Pin

R.P. Dejean 1898/ Museum Paris 1952 Coll. R. Oberthtir”

(MNHN), 35 ex. “Chasseurs indigenes de Ta-Tsien-Lou

R.P. Dejean 1901” (MNHN), 16 ex. “Chasseurs Thibetains

de Ta-Tsien-Lou Eté 1892 recu du R.P. Dejean “

(MNHN), 40 ex. “Museum Paris Se-Tchouen Env. de Ta-

Tsien-Lou Mo-Sy-Mien Pere Aubert 1902” (MNHN), 4

ex. “China-Sichuan Jintang, Tcho-nin 10.6.—15.6.2004 leg.

E. Kuéera” (CA), 5 ex. “China, SW Sichuan Moximian,

1300 m Krajcik M. Igt. 1.6.97” (CA), 2 ex. “China Sichu-

an Gongga Shan, Moxi, 1300 m, 10.—11.VII.96 29°13N

102°10°E/ collected by J. Farkacé, P. Kabatek and A. Sme-

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138

tana” (NHMB), | ex. “near Fu Liu 3000—8000ft. Aug 10—

21 ‘28/ Szechuen China DC Graham” (USNM), 2 ex.

“35mi W of Tatsienlu 5000ft. alt/ Szechuen D.C. Graham

June 20 1923” (USNM), 4 ex. “Jul. 9-11.’30 3000—9000ft

W of Yachow/ Szechuen China DC Graham” (USNM), 2

ex. “Szechuen China DC Graham/ near Yachow 45—6000

ft Jul. 9-11,°30” (USNM), | ex. “bet Yachow & Tatsien-

lu/ Szechuen China DC Graham 3—8000ft. Jul. 10—-13,’30”

(USNM), 1 ex. “Tatsienlu 5—6000ft. VII, 10—15.’30/ Chi-

na-Tibet Border DC Graham” (USNM), | ex. “bet. Nigyu-

enfu & Den Shiang Uiu/ 6000—8000ft. Aug. 6—8’28/ Sze-

chuen China DC Graham” (USNM), | ex. “Szechuen Chi-

na DC Graham” (USNM), 6 ex. “Tsao Keo Miau (Near

FuLin)/ 3000-8000ft. Aug. 18—21°28/ Szechuen China DC

Graham” (USNM).

Neotype redescription. Length: 7.3 mm, length of ely-

tra: 5.1 mm, width: 4.6 mm. Body oblong, black, anten-

na black, dorsal surface shiny, on elytra very sparsely se-

tose.

Labroclypeus subrectangular, widest shortly before

middle and slightly convergent towards the base, lateral

margins strongly convex; anterior angles strongly roun-

ded; lateral border and ocular canthus producing a distinct

angle; lateral margins moderately reflexed, anterior mar-

gin strongly reflexed and distinctly sinuate medially; sur-

face weakly convex medially and shiny, finely and den-

sely punctate, distance between punctures less than their

diameter, with a few coarser punctures behind anterior

margin bearing each a long, erect seta; frontoclypeal su-

ture feebly incised, medially moderately curved; smooth

area in front of eye approximately 1.5 times as wide as

long; ocular canthus moderately long and wide, subpar-

allel, abruptly rounded at apex, finely and densely

punctate, without terminal seta. Frons shiny, with fine,

dense punctures, in the middle and posterior part of frons

punctures less dense; glabrous, only behind the frontocly-

peal suture with a few longer setae in more robust punctu-

res. Eyes small, ratio of diameter/ interocular width: 0.38.

Antenna black, with ten antennomeres; club with three an-

tennomeres, slightly shorter than the remaining antenno-

meres combined. Mentum weakly elevated and flattened

anteriorly.

Pronotum moderately wide, widest at base, lateral mar-

gins straight and subparallel in basal half, convergent an-

teriorly; anterior angles strongly produced and sharp, po-

sterior angles blunt but rounded at the tip; anterior mar-

gin convexly produced medially, with a broad marginal

line, basal margin with fine complete marginal line; sur-

face with moderately dense and fine punctures, glabrous;

anterior and lateral borders setose; hypomeron simple, not

carinate at base and not ventrally produced. Scutellum tri-

angular, almost as wide as long, with fine and very den-

se punctures, glabrous.

©OZFMK

120 Dirk Ahrens

Fig. 1. 9 Archeohomaloplia abbreviata: A, E, F: left mandible; B, D, G: right mandible; C, H: left maxilla; I: labium (ventrola-

teral view); J: labium (ventroapical view); K: labrum and epipharynx; A, B: medial view; C, D, E, K; ventral view; F, G, H: |

dorsal view; L: ala (bent anal vein indicated by the arrow; not to scale).

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138 OZFMK

A revision of the genus Archeohomaloplia Nikolajev, 1982 121

Elytra moderately long, widest in apical third, striae di-

stinctly impressed and finely and densely punctate, inter-

vals weakly convex, with fine, sparsely scattered punctu-

res often concentrated along the striae, a few punctures

with a fine, white seta; interior apical angle of elytra with

a strong seta; epipleural edge fine ending at the strongly

curved external apical angle of elytra, epipleura densely

setose; apical border of elytra without short microtricho-

mes.

Ventral surface shiny, with fine and moderately dense

punctures, finely setose; metacoxa glabrous with a few

strong adjacent setae laterally only; abdominal sternites

micro-reticulate, with an indistinct, transverse row of co-

arse punctures bearing a moderately long seta between fi-

ne, dense punctation, a few fine punctures bear a short se-

ta; penultimate sternite apically with a smooth, scleroti-

zed border which is one fifth as long as the sternite, last

sternite medially half as long as penultimate one. Mes-

osternum between mesocoxae as wide as mesofemur, with

fine, long setae. Ratio of length of metepisternum/ meta-

coxa: |/ 1.25. Pygidium moderately evenly convex, fine-

ly and irregularly densely punctate, without smooth mid-

line, surface shiny, with a few long setae at apex.

Legs slender and moderately long; femora shiny, with

two longitudinal rows of setae, coarsely but sparsely

punctate; metafemur sharply carinate anteriorly and wit-

hout a submarginal serrate line, posterior margin weakly

convex and with a few short setae basally, its ventral part

only weakly widened in apical half and not serrate, inter-

nally not serrate, with dense, long setae. Metatibia slen-

der and moderately long, evenly widened towards apex,

ratio width/ length: 1/ 2.7; dorsally longitudinally convex,

with two groups of spines, basal group at first quarter, api-

cal group at second third of metatibial length, basally with

a few single, fine setae; external face longitudinally con-

vex, with sparse, fine punctures, glabrous; ventrally with

an indistinctly defined sharp margin and not serrate, with

five more robust setae and a few fine ones basally; inter-

nal face finely sparsely punctate and smooth, apex inte-

riorly deeply excavate at middle and not truncate near tar-

sal articulation. Meso- and metatarsomeres dorsally gla-

brous and finely densely punctate, ventrally with sparse,

short setae; metatarsomeres ventrally with a finely serra-

te ridge, beside it with a robust longitudinal carina, first

metatarsomere distinctly shorter than the following tarso-

mere and also slightly shorter than the upper tibial spur.

Protibia moderately long, bidentate, protarsal claws sym-

metric.

Aedeagus: Fig. 2A—C. Mouth parts: Fig. 1|A—K. Hind

wing: Fig. 1L. Habitus: 2D.

Remarks. The designation of a neotype was necessary

since the holotype was completely destroyed on transport

from St. Petersburg.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138

Archeohomaloplia medvedevi Nikolajev, 1982

Archeohomaloplia potanini Nikolajev, 1982: 188; Ahrens

2006a: 230 (type locality: China: “Dol. Ciao-tschin-ho’).

Type material examined. Neotype (A. medvedevi, here

designated): ¢ “Dol. Ciao-tschin-ho 27-VI-93 Potanin/

Paratypus Arch. medvedevi Nikolajev 1982” (ZIN). Para-

types: 8 6d, 3 29 “Dol. Ciao-tschin-ho 27-VII-93 Po-

tanin/ Paratypus Arch. medvedevi Nikolajev 1982” (ZIN).

Former holotype (4. medvedevi): ¢ “Dol. Ciao-tschin-ho

27-VII-93 Potanin/ Holotypus Arch. medvedevi Nikola-

jev 1982” (ZIN, holotype completely destroyed, body en-

tirely missing, male genitalia glued on label with right pa-

ramere lacking).

Neotype redescription. Length: 5.3 mm, length of ely-

tra: 3.5 mm, width: 2.9 mm. Body oblong, black, anten-

na black, dorsal surface shiny, on elytra sparsely setose.

Labroclypeus trapezoidal, widest at base and strongly con-

vergent apically, lateral margins weakly convex; anterior

angles blunt, weakly rounded; lateral border and ocular

canthus producing an indistinct angle; margins modera-

tely reflexed, anterior margin distinctly sinuate medially;

surface weakly convex medially and shiny, finely and den-

sely punctate, distance between punctures less than their

diameter, with a few coarser punctures behind anterior

margin bearing each a long, erect seta; frontoclypeal su-

ture feebly incised, medially moderately curved; smooth

area in front of eye approximately 1.5 times as wide as

long; ocular canthus short and wide, subtriangular, roun-

ded at apex, finely and densely punctate, without termi-

nal seta. Frons shiny, with fine, dense punctures being po-

steriorly less dense; glabrous. Eyes small, ratio of diame-

ter/ interocular width: 0.35. Antenna brown, with ten an-

tennomeres; club black, with three antennomeres, as long

as the remaining antennomeres combined. Mentum wea-

kly elevated and flattened anteriorly.

Pronotum moderately wide, widest at basal third, late-

ral margins weakly curved and convergent towards base,

straight and strongly convergent anteriorly; anterior an-

gles strongly produced and sharp, posterior angles blunt

and weakly rounded at the tip; anterior margin convexly

produced medially, with a broad marginal line, basal mar-

gin with fine marginal line; surface with moderately den-

se and fine punctures, glabrous, rarely a single longer se-

ta on disc; anterior and lateral borders setose; hypomeron

simple, not carinate at base and not ventrally produced.

Scutellum triangular, slightly wider than long, with fine

and very dense punctures, glabrous.

Elytra oblong and strongly convex, widest in apical

third, striae moderately impressed and finely and dense-

ly punctate, intervals almost flat, with fine, moderately

dense punctures often concentrated along the striae, odd

intervals with a longitudinal row of widely spaced, long,

OZFMK

122 Dirk Ahrens

Fig. 2A-D. 4. abbreviata (Fairmaire, 1897) (neotype Archeohomaloplia potanini Nikolajev, 1982); E-H: A. medvedevi Nikola-

jev, 1982 (neotype); I-K: A. hebashana sp. n. (holotype); A, E, I: Aedeagus, left side lateral view; C, G, K: Aedeagus, right side

lateral view; B, F, J: parameres, dorsal view; D, H, K: Habitus. Scale: 0.5 mm.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138 OZFMK

Bonn Index 2011

Volume 60

zoological SSUCS eller

Bulletin

formerly: Bonner zoologische Beitrage

A GEnic

Bonn Volume 60

. Issue 1

zoological 3011

Bulletin

Editor-in-Chief

Fabian Herder

Editorial Board

A KGE Nic

Dirk Ahrens

folume 6! cs

SST) : sue 2 Wolfgang Bohme

Ele Netta Dorchin

Renate van den Elzen

Bernhard A. Huber

Rainer Hutterer

Gustav Peters

Bradley Sinclair

Dieter Stuning

Philipp Wagner

An open access journal of organismal zoology, published by

Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Bonn

Contents Volume 60

Ahmadzadeh, Faraham, Fatemeh Khanjani, Aref Shadkam & Wolfgang Bohme: 63-65

A new record of the Persian Brook Salamander, Paradactylodon persicus (Eiselt & Steiner, 1970)

(Amphibia: Caudata: Hynobiidae) in northern Iran

Ahrens, Dirk: 117-138

A revision of the genus Archaeohomaloplia Nikolajev, 1982 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Sericini)

Ahrens, Dirk & Silvia Fabrizi: 139-164

New species of Sericini from the Himalaya and adjacent mountains (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Bohme, Wolfgang: 67-71

Type list of amphibians and reptiles in the Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum A. Koenig, Bonn:

corrections and additions

Bohme, Wolfgang, Peter Geissler & Philipp Wagner: 109-111

A remarkable record of Phaneroptera falcata (Poda, 1761)

(Saltatoria: Phaneropteridae) from north-eastern Poland

Bohme, Wolfgang, Mark-Oliver Rodel, Christian Brede & Philipp Wagner: 35-61

The reptiles (Testudines, Squamata, Crocodylia) of the forested southeast of the Republic Guinea

(Guinée forestiére), with a country-wide checklist

Elzen, Renate van den: 116

Orbituary to Jurgen Haffer, Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig

Geissler, Peter, Truong Quang Nguyen, Nikolay A. Poyarkov & Wolfgang Bohme: 9-16

New records of snakes from Cat Tien National Park, Dong Nai and Lam Dong provinces,

southern Vietnam

Gongora, Jaime, Cibele Biondo, Jennifer D. Cooper, Andrew Taber, Alexine Keuroghlian, Mariana Altrichter, 95-101

Fabricia Ferreira do Nascimento, Amanda Y. Chong, Cristina Yumi Miyaki, Richard Bodmer,

Pedro Mayor & Susana Gonzalez:

Revisiting the species status of Pecari maximus van Roosmalen et al., 2007 (Mammalia)

from the Brazilian Amazon

Irmler, Ulrich: 103-107

Two new species and a new record of the genus Neolindus Scheerpeltz, 1933

(Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae)

Lambertz, Markus & Kerstin Graba: 229-231

Remarks on the northeasternmost distribution of Elgaria coerulea principis Baird & Girard, 1852

(Squamata: Anguidae) in British Columbia

Lambertz, Markus & Heiko Schmied: 211-213

Records of the exotic damselfly /schnura senegalensis (Rambur, 1842) from Bonn (Germany)

Lambertz, Markus, Volker Spieth, Judith Denkinger & Walter Traunspurger: 207-210

On dragonfly nymphs (Insecta: Odonata: Anisoptera) from the caldera of the Cerro Azul volcano,

Isla Isabela (Galapagos Archipelago, Ecuador)

Pugaev, Sergey N., Dieter Stuning & Vadim V. Zolotuhin: 200-206

The preimaginal stages of Striphnopteryx edulis (Boiduval, 1847) (Lepidoptera: Eupterotidae)

Schmidtler, Josef Friedrich & Wolfgang Bohme: 214-228

Synonym and nomenclatural history of the Common or Viviparous Lizard,

by this time: Zootaca vivipara (Lichtenstein, 1823)

Contents Volume 60

Sonnenberg, Rainer & Eckhard Busch:

Erratum to: Sonnenberg & Busch (2010) Description of Callopanchax sidibei

(Nothobranchiidae: Epiplateinae), a new species of killifish from southwestern Guinea, West Africa

Valdesalici, Stefano & Kiril Kardashev:

Nothobranchius seegersi (Cyprinodontiformes: Nothobranchiidae), a new annual killifish

from the Malagarasi River drainage, Tanzania

89-93

Van der Zee, Jouke R. & Rainer Sonnenberg:

Aphyosemion musafirii (Cyprinodontiformes: Nothobranchiidae), a new species from the Tshopo Province

in the Democratic Republic of Congo, with some notes on the Aphyosemion of the Congo Basin

13-87

Van Rooijen, Johan, Chan Kin Onn, L. Lee Grismer & Norhayati Ahmad:

Estimating the herpetofaunal species richness of Pangkor Island, Peninsular Malaysia

3-8

Vogel, Gernot & Johan van Rooijen:

Description of a new species of the genus Dendrelaphis Boulenger, 1890 from Myanmar

(Squamata: Serpentes: Colubridae)

17-24

Wagner, Thomas:

Description of Monoleptoides gen. nov. from the Afrotropical Region,

including the revision of nine species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)

169-199

Wagner, Philipp, Wolfram Freund, David Modry, Andreas Schmitz & Wolfgang Bohme:

Studies on African Agama IX. New insights into Agama finchi Bohme et al., 2005

(Sauria: Agamidae) with the description of a new subspecies

25-34

Yoshitomi, Hiroyuki & Nugroho Susetya Putra:

A new species of the genus Acontosceles (Coleoptera: Limnichidae: Thaumastodinae)

from Indonesia

Book Reviews

Paulsen MJ (2010)

The Stag Beetles of Southern South America (Coleoptera: Lucanidae).

Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum Vol. 24.

(Dirk Ahrens)

165-168

Brandt T, Julch C, Wasmer K, Moning C & Wagner C (2010)

The Top 50 sites for birdwatching in Germany. (Die 50 besten Vogelbeobachtungsplatze in Deutschland)

(Darius Stiels)

Publication dates:

Vol. 60 Issue 1: May 2011

Vol. 60 Issue 2: December 2011

114

PRET (Ora TiN

Ren AGte

i i yt

piss

Atel

nie

a en)

Aout

A revision of the genus Archeohomaloplia Nikolajev, 1982 123

fine, erect, setae; interior apical angle of elytra with a

strong seta; epipleural edge fine ending at the strongly cur-

ved external apical angle of elytra, epipleura densely se-

tose; apical border of elytra without short microtrichomes.

Ventral surface shiny, with fine and moderately dense

punctures, finely setose; metacoxa glabrous with a few

strong adjacent setae laterally only; abdominal sternites

micro-reticulate, with an indistinct, transverse row of co-

arse punctures bearing a moderately long seta between fi-

ne, dense punctation, a few fine punctures bear a short se-

ta; penultimate sternite apically with a smooth, scleroti-

zed border which is one fifth as long as the sternite, last

sternite medially half as long as penultimate one. Mes-

osternum between mesocoxae as wide as mesofemur, with

fine, long setae. Ratio of length of metepisternum/ meta-

coxa: 1/ 1.5. Pygidium moderately evenly convex, finely

and irregularly densely punctate, without smooth midli-

ne, surface shiny, sparsely covered with a few long setae.

Legs slender and moderately long; femora shiny, with two

longitudinal rows of setae, coarsely but sparsely puncta-

te; metafemur sharply carinate anteriorly and without a

submarginal serrate line, posterior margin weakly convex

and with a few short setae basally, its ventral part only

weakly widened in apical half and not serrate, internally

not serrate, with dense, long setae. Metatibia slender and

moderately long, evenly widened towards apex, ratio

width/ length: 1/ 2.9; dorsally longitudinally convex, with

two groups of spines, basal group at first quarter, apical

group at second third of metatibial length, basally with a

few single, fine setae; external face longitudinally convex,

with coarse, partly dense punctures, glabrous; ventrally

with a sharp, serrate margin bearing four robust, equidi-

stant setae; internal face finely sparsely punctate and

smooth, apex interiorly deeply excavate at middle and not

truncate near tarsal articulation. Meso- and metatarsome-

res dorsally glabrous and finely densely punctate, ventral-

ly with sparse, short setae; metatarsomeres ventrally with

a finely serrate ridge, beside it with a robust longitudinal

carina, first metatarsomere distinctly shorter than the fol-

lowing tarsomere and as long as the upper tibial spur. Pro-

tibia moderately long, bidentate, protarsal claws symme-

tric.

Aedeagus: Fig. 2E—-G. Habitus: 2H.

Remarks. The designation of a neotype was necessary

since the holotype was completely destroyed on transport

from St. Petersburg.

Archeohomaloplia hebashana sp. n.

Type material examined. Holotype: ¢ “China: N.W.

Yunnan, San Ba, Heba mts. 2500 m, 30.V1.1998 leg. S.

Murzin/ Coll. Dirk Ahrens/ 587 Sericini: Asia spec.”

(ZFMK). Paratypes: | 4, 1 2 same data as holotype (CA).

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138

Description. Length: 5.1 mm, length of elytra: 3.6 mm,

width: 3.0 mm. Body oblong, black, antenna black, dor-

sal surface shiny, almost glabrous.

Labroclypeus moderately trapezoidal, widest at base and

convergent apically, lateral margins weakly convex; an-

terior angles almost blunt, only little rounded; lateral bor-

der and ocular canthus producing a blunt angle; margins

moderately reflexed, anterior margin moderately sinuate

medially; surface medially convex and shiny, finely and

densely punctate, distance between punctures less than

their diameter, with a few robust punctures behind ante-

rior margin bearing each a long, erect seta; frontoclypeal

suture feebly incised, medially moderately curved; smooth

area in front of eye approximately 1.5 times as wide as

long; ocular canthus short and wide, subtriangular, roun-

ded at apex, finely and densely punctate, with one termi-

nal seta. Frons shiny, with fine, dense punctures; with a

few erect setae on sides behind the frontoclypeal suture.

Eyes small, ratio of diameter/ interocular width: 0.41. An-

tenna brown, with ten antennomeres; club dark brown,

with three antennomeres, as long as the remaining anten-

nomeres combined. Mentum weakly elevated and flatte-

ned anteriorly.

Pronotum moderately wide, widest at middle, lateral

margins strongly curved and slightly convergent basally,

but stronger convergent anteriorly; anterior angles stron-

gly produced and sharp, posterior angles strongly roun-

ded and almost obsolete; anterior margin convexly pro-

duced medially, with a broad marginal line, basal margin

with fine marginal line at sides; surface with partly den-

se and fine punctures, glabrous; anterior and lateral bor-

ders sparsely setose; hypomeron simple, not carinate at ba-

se and not ventrally produced. Scutellum triangular, slight-

ly longer than wide, with fine and very dense punctures,

glabrous.

Elytra oblong, widest in apical third, striae weakly 1m-

pressed, finely and densely punctate, intervals weakly con-

vex, with fine, moderately dense punctures often concen-

trated along the striae, odd intervals with fine, quite long

setae (setae slightly longer that the interval wide); inte-

rior apical angle of elytra with a strong seta; epipleural

edge fine ending at the strongly curved external apical an-

gle of elytra, epipleura densely setose; apical border of ely-

tra without short microtrichomes.

Ventral surface shiny, with fine and moderately dense

punctures, finely densely setose; metacoxa glabrous with

a few fine, long, adjacent setae laterally only; abdominal

sternites micro-reticulate, with an indistinct, transverse

row of coarse punctures bearing a moderately long seta

between fine, dense punctation, a few fine punctures be-

ar a short seta; penultimate sternite apically with a smooth,

sclerotized border which is one fifth as long as the ster-

nite, last sternite medially 0.75 times as long as penulti-

mate one. Mesosternum between mesocoxae as wide as

mesofemur, with fine, long setae. Ratio of length of me-

OZFMK

124 Dirk Ahrens

tepisternum/ metacoxa: |/ 1.25. Pygidium strongly even-

ly convex, finely and evenly not very densely punctate,

without smooth midline; surface shiny, sparsely covered

with short setae.

Legs slender and moderately long; femora shiny, with

two longitudinal rows of setae, coarsely but sparsely

punctate; metafemur sharply carinate anteriorly and wit-

hout a submarginal serrate line, posterior margin weakly

convex and with a few short setae basally, its ventral part

only weakly widened in apical half and not serrate, inter-

nally not serrate, with dense, long setae. Metatibia slen-

der and moderately long, evenly widened towards apex,

ratio width/ length: 1/ 3.2; dorsally longitudinally convex,

apically also sharply carinate, with two groups of spines,

basal group at first quarter, apical group at second third

of metatibial length, basally with a few single, fine setae;

external face longitudinally convex, with fine punctures

laterally, almost glabrous; ventrally with a sharp, finely

serrate margin, with four robust setae; internal face late-

rally with a few punctures bearing each a fine seta, apex

interiorly deeply excavate at middle and not truncate ne-

ar tarsal articulation. Meso- and metatarsomeres dorsally

glabrous and finely densely punctate, ventrally with spar-

se, short setae; metatarsomeres ventrally with a finely ser-

rate ridge, beside it with a robust longitudinal carina, first

metatarsomere distinctly shorter than the following tarso-

mere and slightly longer than the upper tibial spur. Proti-

bia moderately long, bidentate, protarsal claws symme-

tric.

Aedeagus: Fig. 2I-K. Habitus: 2L.

Diagnosis. A. hebashana sp. n. is in external shape very

similar to A. yunnana; it may be distinguished from it by

dorsal apophysis of phallobasis being strongly bent back-

wards at middle forming a sharp hook. It differs from A.

abbreviata by its smaller size and the sparse setae on pro-

notum as well as by the phallobasal apophysis being dor-

sal instead of lateral.

Variation. Length: 5.1—5.3 mm, length of elytra: 3.6—3.7

mm, width: 3.0 mm. Female specimens are very similar

to males but have slightly shorter antennal clubs, 1.e. the

club is slightly shorter than the remaining antennomeres

combined. Setae on disc of elytra may be more or less

abundant depending on the state of preservation.

Etymology. The species is named according to its prove-

nience from Heba Shan Mountains.

Archeohomaloplia frolovi sp. n.

Type material examined. Holotype: ¢ “Dol. r. Tunk-go-

ho 22-VH-93 Potanin/ Paratypus Arch. medvedevi Niko-

lajev 1982” (ZIN). Paratypes: 1 4,7 QQ “Dol. r. Tunk-

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138

go-ho 22-VII-93 Potanin/ Paratypus Arch. medvedevi Ni-

kolajev 1982” (CA, ZIN).

Description. Length: 5.4 mm, length of elytra: 3.5 mm,

width: 3.1 mm. Body oblong, black, antenna black, dor-

sal surface shiny, on elytra densely setose.

Labroclypeus trapezoidal, widest at base and strongly

convergent apically, lateral margins weakly convex; an-

terior angles strongly convex; lateral border and ocular

canthus producing an indistinct blunt angle; margins mo-

derately reflexed, anterior margin distinctly sinuate me-

dially; surface weakly convex medially and shiny, finely

and densely punctate, distance between punctures less than

their diameter, with a few robust punctures behind ante-

rior margin bearing each a long, erect seta; frontoclypeal

suture feebly incised, medially moderately curved; smooth

area in front of eye approximately 1.5 times as wide as

long; ocular canthus short and wide, subtriangular, roun-

ded at apex, finely and densely punctate, without termi-

nal seta. Frons shiny, with fine, dense punctures being po-

steriorly less dense; with a few erect setae on sides be-

hind the frontoclypeal suture. Eyes small, ratio of diame-

ter/ interocular width: 0.33. Antenna black, with ten an-

tennomeres; club with three antennomeres, slightly lon-

ger than the remaining antennomeres combined. Mentum

weakly elevated and flattened anteriorly.

Pronotum moderately wide, widest at basal third, late-

ral margins weakly curved and subparallel in basal half,

straight and moderately convergent anteriorly; anterior an-

gles strongly produced and sharp, posterior angles blunt

and weakly rounded at the tip; anterior margin convexly

produced medially, with a broad marginal line, basal mar-

gin with fine marginal line; surface with moderately den-

se and fine punctures, with numerous long, erect setae on

disc; anterior and lateral borders densely setose; hypome-

ron simple, not carinate at base and not ventrally produ-

ced. Scutellum triangular, as wide as long, with fine and

dense punctures, glabrous.

Elytra oblong, widest in apical third, striae moderately

impressed and finely and densely punctate, intervals wea-

kly convex, with fine, moderately dense punctures often

concentrated along the striae, intervals with fine, erect se-

tae being as long as three combined intervals wide; inte-

rior apical angle of elytra with a strong seta; epipleural

edge fine ending at the strongly curved external apical an-

gle of elytra, epipleura densely setose; apical border of ely-

tra without short microtrichomes.

Ventral surface shiny, with fine and moderately dense

punctures, finely densely setose; metacoxa glabrous with

a few fine, long, adjacent setae laterally only; abdominal

sternites micro-reticulate, with an indistinct, transverse

row of coarse punctures bearing a moderately long seta

between fine, dense punctation, a few fine punctures be-

ar a short seta; penultimate sternite apically with a smooth,

sclerotized border which is one fifth as long as the ster-

©OZFMK

A revision of the genus Archeohomaloplia Nikolajev, 1982 125

nite, last sternite medially almost as long as penultimate

one. Mesosternum between mesocoxae as wide as meso-

femur, with fine, long setae. Ratio of length of metepister-

num/ metacoxa: |/ 1.6. Pygidium moderately convex, fi-

nely and irregularly densely punctate, in some parts

punctures confluent, without smooth midline, surface shi-

ny, sparsely covered with a setae along the margins.

Legs slender and moderately long; femora shiny, with

two longitudinal rows of setae, coarsely but sparsely

punctate; metafemur sharply carinate anteriorly and wit-

hout a submarginal serrate line, posterior margin weakly

convex and with a few short setae basally, its ventral part

only weakly widened in apical half and not serrate, inter-

nally not serrate, with dense, long setae. Metatibia slen-

der and moderately long; subparallel most of its length,

basally narrowed, widened ventrally at apex, ratio width/

length: 1/ 2.7; dorsally longitudinally convex, with two

groups of spines, basal group at first quarter, apical group

at second third of metatibial length, basally with a few sin-

gle, fine setae; external face longitudinally convex, with

fine, laterally partly dense punctures, glabrous; ventrally

with a sharp, finely serrate margin, with four robust se-

tae in apical half; internal face finely sparsely punctate and

with a few long setae laterally, apex interiorly deeply ex-

cavate at middle and not truncate near tarsal articulation.

Meso- and metatarsomeres dorsally glabrous and finely

densely punctate, ventrally with sparse, short setae; me-

tatarsomeres ventrally with a finely serrate ridge, beside

it with a robust longitudinal carina, first metatarsomere di-

stinctly shorter than the following tarsomere and as long

as the upper tibial spur. Protibia moderately long, biden-

tate, protarsal claws symmetric.

Aedeagus: Fig. 3A—C. Habitus: 3D.

Diagnosis. A. frolovi sp. n. is in external shape very si-

milar to A. medvedevi sp. n.; it may be distinguished from

that and all other species by the very long and dense se-

tae on the elytra as well as by the shape of parameres.

Variation. Length: 5.1—5.4 mm, length of elytra: 3.5—3.9

mm, width: 2.9-3.2 mm. Female specimens are very si-

milar to males but have slightly shorter antennal clubs, 1.e.

the club is slightly shorter than the remaining antennome-

res combined. Sometimes the pilosity may be erased.

Etymology. The species is named in honour of Andrey

Frolov, St. Petersburg, to thank him for his support with

this work.

Archeohomaloplia nikolajevi sp. n.

Type material examined. Holotype: ¢ “Dol. Ciao-tschin-

ho 27-VII-93 Potanin/ Paratypus Arch. medvedevi Niko-

lajev 1982” (ZIN).

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138

Description. Length: 5.2 mm, length of elytra: 3.2 mm,

width: 2.9 mm. Body oblong, black, antenna black, dor-

sal surface shiny, on elytra sparsely setose.

Labroclypeus trapezoidal, widest at base and strongly

convergent apically, lateral margins weakly convex; an-

terior angles strongly convex; lateral border and ocular

canthus producing an indistinct blunt angle; margins mo-

derately reflexed, anterior margin distinctly sinuate me-

dially; surface weakly convex medially and shiny, coar-

sely and densely punctate, distance between punctures less

than their diameter, with a few robust punctures behind

anterior margin bearing each a long, erect seta; frontocly-

peal suture feebly incised, medially moderately curved;

smooth area in front of eye approximately 1.5 times as wi-

de as long; ocular canthus short and wide, subtriangular,

rounded at apex, finely and densely punctate, without ter-

minal seta. Frons shiny, with coarse, dense punctures being

posteriorly less dense; with a few erect setae on sides be-

hind the frontoclypeal suture. Eyes small, ratio of diame-

ter/ interocular width: 0.32. Antenna black, with ten an-

tennomeres; club with three antennomeres, as long as the

remaining antennomeres combined. Mentum weakly ele-

vated and flattened anteriorly.

Pronotum moderately wide, widest at basal third, late-

ral margins weakly curved and subparallel in basal half,

straight and moderately convergent anteriorly; anterior an-

gles strongly produced and sharp, posterior angles blunt

and weakly rounded at the tip; anterior margin convexly

produced medially, with a broad marginal line, basal mar-

gin with fine marginal line; surface with moderately den-

se and fine punctures, glabrous, with a few single longer

setae on disc; anterior and lateral borders densely setose;

hypomeron simple, not carinate at base and not ventrally

produced. Scutellum triangular, as wide as long, with fi-

ne and dense punctures, narrowly smooth along the

middle, glabrous.

Elytra oblong and strongly convex, widest in apical

third, striae moderately impressed and finely and dense-

ly punctate, intervals weakly convex, with fine, modera-

tely dense punctures often concentrated along the striae,

odd intervals with a longitudinal row of widely spaced,

long, fine, erect, setae; interior apical angle of elytra with

a strong seta; epipleural edge fine ending at the strongly

curved external apical angle of elytra, epipleura densely

setose; apical border of elytra without short microtricho-

mes.

Ventral surface shiny, with fine and moderately dense

punctures, finely setose; metacoxa glabrous with a few

strong adjacent setae laterally only; abdominal sternites

micro-reticulate, with an indistinct, transverse row of co-

arse punctures bearing a moderately long seta between fi-

ne, dense punctation, a few fine punctures bear a short se-

ta; penultimate sternite apically with a smooth, scleroti-

zed border which is one fifth as long as the sternite, last

sternite medially half as long as penultimate one. Mes-

OZFMK

126 Dirk Ahrens

Fig. 3A-D. A. frolovi sp. n. (holotype); E-H: A. nikolajevi (holotype); I-K: A. yaregongensis sp. n. (holotype); A, E, I: Aedea-

gus, left side lateral view; C, G, K: Aedeagus, right side lateral view; B, F, J: parameres, dorsal view; D, H, K: Habitus. Scale:

0.5 mm.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138 OZFMK

A revision of the genus Archeohomaloplia Nikolajev, 1982 127

osternum between mesocoxae as wide as mesofemur, with

fine, long setae. Ratio of length of metepisternum/ meta-

coxa: |/ 1.4. Pygidium moderately convex, finely and mo-

derately densely punctate, without smooth midline, sur-

face shiny, sparsely covered with a few short setae.

Legs slender and moderately long; femora shiny, with

two longitudinal rows of setae, coarsely but sparsely

punctate; metafemur sharply carinate anteriorly and wit-

hout a submarginal serrate line, posterior margin weakly

convex and with a few short setae basally, its ventral part

only weakly widened in apical half and not serrate, inter-

nally not serrate, with dense, long setae. Metatibia slen-

der and moderately long; subparallel most of its length,

basally narrowed, widened ventrally at apex, ratio width/

length: 1/ 2.67; dorsally longitudinally convex, with two

groups of spines, basal group at first quarter, apical group

at second third of metatibial length, basally with a few sin-

gle, fine setae; external face longitudinally convex, with

fine, laterally partly dense punctures, glabrous; ventrally

with a sharp, finely serrate margin, with four robust se-

tae; internal face finely sparsely punctate and with a few

long setae, apex interiorly deeply excavate at middle and

not truncate near tarsal articulation. Meso- and metatar-

someres dorsally glabrous and finely densely punctate,

ventrally with sparse, short setae; metatarsomeres ventral-

ly with a finely serrate ridge, beside it with a robust lon-

gitudinal carina, first metatarsomere distinctly shorter than

the following tarsomere and as long as the upper tibial

spur. Protibia moderately long, bidentate, protarsal claws

symmetric.

Aedeagus: Fig. 3E—G. Habitus: 3H.

Diagnosis. A. nikolajevi sp. n. 1s in external shape very

similar to 4. medvedevi sp. n.; it differs, however, by the

phallobasal apophysis being much shorter than the apex

of phallobasis wide.

Etymology. The species is named in honour of Georgi Ni-

kolajev, Alma-Ata, who revised the genus for first time.

Archeohomaloplia yaregongensis sp. n.

Type material examined. Holotype: ¢ “Thibet Yarégong

P. Soulié 1900” (MNHN). Paratypes: 2 3, 1 2 same da-

ta as holotype (MNHN, CA).

Description. Length: 5.3 mm, length of elytra: 3.5 mm,

width: 3.4 mm. Body oblong, black, dorsal surface shi-

ny, almost glabrous.

Labroclypeus weakly trapezoidal, widest at base and

convergent apically, lateral margins almost straight; an-

terior angles strongly convex; lateral border and ocular

canthus producing a distinct angle; margins moderately re-

flexed, anterior margin deeply sinuate medially; surface

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138

convex medially and shiny, finely and densely punctate,

distance between punctures less than their diameter, with

a few robust punctures behind anterior margin bearing

each a long, erect seta; frontoclypeal suture feebly inci-

sed, medially moderately curved; smooth area in front of

eye approximately 1.5 times as wide as long; ocular can-

thus short and wide, subtriangular, rounded at apex, fine-

ly and densely punctate, with one terminal seta. Frons shi-

ny, with fine, moderately dense punctures; with a few erect

setae on sides behind the frontoclypeal suture. Eyes small,

ratio of diameter/ interocular width: 0.33. Antenna black,

with ten antennomeres; club with three antennomeres, as

long as the remaining antennomeres combined. Mentum

weakly elevated and flattened anteriorly.

Pronotum moderately wide, widest shortly before ba-

se, lateral margins strongly convex and convergent anter-

iorly; anterior angles strongly produced and sharp, poste-

rior angles strongly rounded and obsolete; anterior mar-

gin convexly produced medially, with a broad marginal

line, basal margin with complete fine marginal line; sur-

face with dense and fine punctures, with a few long se-

tae on disc; anterior and lateral borders densely setose; hy-

pomeron simple, not carinate at base and not ventrally pro-

duced. Scutellum triangular, shghtly longer than wide,

with fine and very dense punctures, glabrous.

Elytra oblong, widest in apical third, striae weakly im-

pressed, finely and densely punctate, intervals weakly con-

vex, with fine, moderately dense punctures often concen-

trated along the striae, odd intervals with fine, short se-

tae; interior apical angle of elytra with a strong seta; epi-

pleural edge fine ending at the strongly curved external

apical angle of elytra, epipleura densely setose; apical bor-

der of elytra without short microtrichomes.

Ventral surface shiny, with fine and moderately dense

punctures, finely densely setose; metacoxa glabrous with

a few fine, long, adjacent setae laterally only; abdominal

sternites micro-reticulate, with an indistinct, transverse

row of coarse punctures bearing a moderately long seta

between fine, dense punctation, a few fine punctures be-

ar a short seta; penultimate sternite apically with a smooth,

sclerotized border which is one fifth as long as the ster-

nite, last sternite medially 0.75 times as long as penulti-

mate one, with longer and denser setae. Mesosternum bet-

ween mesocoxae as wide as mesofemur, with fine, long

setae. Ratio of length of metepisternum/ metacoxa: 1/ 1.48.

Pygidium strongly convex apically, finely and evenly, not

densely punctate, without smooth midline; surface shiny,

sparsely covered with short setae on apex.

Legs slender and moderately long; femora shiny, with

two longitudinal rows of setae, coarsely but sparsely

punctate; metafemur sharply carinate anteriorly and wit-

hout a submarginal serrate line, posterior margin weakly

convex and with a few short setae basally, its ventral part

only weakly widened in apical half and not serrate, inter-

nally not serrate, with dense, long setae. Metatibia mode-

OZFMK

128 Dirk Ahrens

rately slender and not long; evenly widened towards apex,

ratio width/ length: 1/ 3.1; dorsally weakly longitudinal-

ly convex, apically sharply carinate, with two groups of

spines, basal group at first quarter, apical group at second

third of metatibial length, basally with a few single, fine

setae; external face longitudinally convex, laterally with

sparse, fine punctures, almost glabrous; ventrally with a

sharp, finely serrate margin, with four robust setae; inter-

nal face laterally with a few punctures bearing each a fi-

ne seta, apex interiorly deeply excavate at middle and not

truncate near tarsal articulation. Meso- and metatarsome-

res dorsally glabrous and finely densely punctate, ventral-

ly with sparse, short setae; metatarsomeres ventrally with

a finely serrate ridge, beside it with a robust longitudinal

carina, first metatarsomere distinctly shorter than the fol-

lowing tarsomere and as long as the upper tibial spur. Pro-

tibia moderately long, bidentate, protarsal claws symme-

tric:

Aedeagus: Fig. 3I-K. Habitus: 3L.

Diagnosis. A. yaregongensis sp. n. 1s in external shape

very similar to 4. hebashana sp. n.; it may be differentia-

ted from it by the glabrous disc of pronotum and the sha-

pe of aedeagus; the dorsal apophysis of phallobasis is long

and moderately narrowed towards the rounded apex. From

the also similar A. medvedevi sp. n. it can be distinguis-

hed by the obsolete posterior angles of pronotum and the

convex anterior angles of labroclypeus.

Variation. Length: 5.0—5.6 mm, length of elytra: 3.3—3.7

mm, width: 3.4 mm. Female specimens are very similar

to males but have slightly shorter antennal clubs, i.e. the

club is distinctly slightly shorter than the remaining an-

tennomeres combined; the punctures on pygidium are less

dense and the surface of pygidium shows a fine micro-

reticulation.

Etymology. The species is named according to its prove-

nience from ‘Yarégong’ (at the Tibetan-Sichuan border,

geographical coordinates not localised).

Archeohomaloplia kalabi sp. n.

Type material examined. Holotype: ¢ “China: NW Si-

chuan, Garze env., 2500m, J. Kalab leg., 10.7.1995/ Coll.

Dirk Ahrens/ 587 Sericini: Asia spec.” (ZFMK). Paraty-

pes: 1 G, 3 2Y — same data as holotype (CA), 1 ¢ “Ch-

NW: Sichuan 1/7.1995 31.37N 100.00E Garze 3300m W

outskirts Jaroslav Turna leg./ Coll. P. Pacholatko” (CP).

Description. Length: 5.5 mm, length of elytra: 3.7 mm,

width: 3.2 mm. Body oblong, black, antenna black, dor-

sal surface with distinct micro-reticulation, moderately shi-

ny, almost glabrous.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138

Labroclypeus moderately trapezoidal, widest at base and

strongly convergent apically, lateral margins weakly con-

vex; anterior angles moderately rounded; lateral border

and ocular canthus producing an indistinct blunt angle;

margins weakly reflexed, anterior margin distinctly sinua-

te medially; surface convex medially and shiny, finely and

densely punctate, distance between punctures less than

their diameter, with a few robust punctures behind ante-

rior margin bearing each a long, erect seta; frontoclypeal

suture feebly incised, medially moderately curved; smooth

area in front of eye approximately 1.5 times as wide as

long; ocular canthus short and wide, subtriangular, roun-

ded at apex, finely and densely punctate, with the trace

of a terminal seta. Frons shiny, with fine, dense punctu-

res; with a numerous short and erect setae behind the fron-

toclypeal suture. Eyes small, ratio of diameter/ interocu-

lar width: 0.35. Antenna black, with ten antennomeres;

club with three antennomeres, distinctly shorter than the

remaining antennomeres combined. Mentum weakly ele-

vated and flattened anteriorly.

Pronotum moderately wide, widest at middle, lateral

margins weakly curved and slightly convergent basally,

but stronger convergent anteriorly; anterior angles stron-

gly produced and sharp, posterior angles blunt and wea-

kly rounded at the tip; anterior margin convexly produ-

ced medially, with a broad marginal line, basal margin

with fine marginal line; surface with dense and fine

punctures, glabrous; anterior and lateral borders sparsely

setose; hypomeron simple, not carinate at base and not

ventrally produced. Scutellum triangular, as wide as long,

with fine and very dense punctures, glabrous.

Elytra oblong, widest in apical third, striae weakly im-

pressed, finely and densely punctate, intervals moderate-

ly convex, with coarse, moderately dense punctures of-

ten concentrated along the striae; central intervals appa-

rently glabrous, lateral odd intervals with a few fine, short

setae; interior apical angle of elytra with a strong seta; epi-

pleural edge fine ending at the strongly curved external

apical angle of elytra, epipleura densely setose; apical bor-

der of elytra without short microtrichomes.

Ventral surface moderately shiny, with fine and mode-

rately dense punctures, finely densely setose; metacoxa

glabrous with a few fine, long, adjacent setae laterally on-

ly; abdominal sternites micro-reticulate, with an indistinct,

transverse row of coarse punctures bearing a moderately

long seta between fine, dense punctation, a few fine

punctures bear a short seta; penultimate sternite apically

with a smooth, sclerotized border one fifth as long as the

sternite, last sternite medially 0.75 times as long as pe-

nultimate one. Mesosternum between mesocoxae as wi-

de as mesofemur, with fine, long setae. Ratio of length of

metepisternum/ metacoxa: 1/ 1.29. Pygidium moderately

evenly convex, finely, densely partly punctate, punctures

partly confluent, without smooth midline; surface almost

dull, sparsely covered with short setae on apical half.

©ZFMK

A revision of the genus Archeohomaloplia Nikolajev, 1982 129

Legs slender and moderately long; femora shiny, with

two longitudinal rows of setae, coarsely but sparsely

punctate; metafemur sharply carinate anteriorly and wit-

hout a submarginal serrate line, posterior margin weakly

convex and with a few short setae basally, its ventral part

only weakly widened in apical half and not serrate, inter-

nally not serrate, with dense, long setae. Metatibia slen-

der and moderately long, evenly widened towards apex,

ratio width/ length: 1/ 2.9; dorsally longitudinally sharply

carinate, with two groups of spines, basal group at first

quarter, apical group at second third of metatibial length,

basally with a few single, fine setae; external face longi-

tudinally convex, with fine punctures laterally, glabrous;

ventrally with a sharp, finely serrate margin, with four ro-

bust setae in apical half; internal face laterally with a few

punctures bearing each a fine seta, apex interiorly deeply

excavate at middle and not truncate near tarsal articulati-

on. Meso- and metatarsomeres dorsally glabrous and fi-

nely densely punctate, ventrally with sparse, short setae;

metatarsomeres ventrally with a finely serrate ridge, be-

side it with a robust longitudinal carina, first metatarso-

mere distinctly shorter than the following tarsomere and

as long as the upper tibial spur. Protibia moderately long,

bidentate, protarsal claws symmetric.

Aedeagus: Fig. 4A—C. Habitus: 4D.

Diagnosis. 4. kalabi sp. n. differs from all other known

species of the genus by the less shiny body surface.

Variation. Length: 5.4—5.6 mm, length of elytra: 3.5—3.7

mm, width: 2.9—3.0 mm. Female specimens are very si-

milar to males having the pygidium, however, less con-

vex.

Etymology. The species is dedicated to its collector, Ja-

roslav Kalab, Jinaéovice.

Archeohomaloplia mingi sp. n.

Type material examined. Holotype: @ “China Sichuan Xi-

angcheng 2700 m 29.V1.1996 29°00N 99°46E/ collected

by J. Farkac, P. Kabatek and A. Smetana/ NHM Basel/ 765

Sericini: Asia spec.” (NHMB). Paratypes: 1 3, 3 QQ sa-

me data as holotype (CA, NHMB).

Description. Length: 5.9 mm, length of elytra: 3.8 mm,

width: 3.3 mm. Body oblong, black, antenna black, dor-

sal surface shiny, almost glabrous.

Labroclypeus moderately trapezoidal, widest at base and

convergent apically, lateral margins weakly convex; an-

terior angles strongly convex; lateral border and ocular

canthus producing a blunt angle; margins moderately re-

flexed, anterior margin distinctly sinuate medially; surfa-

ce convex medially and shiny, finely and densely puncta-

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138

te, distance between punctures less than their diameter,

with a few robust punctures behind anterior margin be-

aring each a long, erect seta; frontoclypeal suture feebly

incised, medially moderately curved; smooth area in front

of eye approximately 1.5 times as wide as long; ocular

canthus short and wide, subtriangular, rounded at apex,

finely and densely punctate, with one terminal seta. Frons

shiny, with fine, dense punctures; with a few erect setae

on sides behind the frontoclypeal suture. Eyes small, ra-

tio of diameter/ interocular width: 0.37. Antenna black,

with ten antennomeres; club with three antennomeres, as

long as the remaining antennomeres combined. Mentum

weakly elevated and flattened anteriorly.

Pronotum moderately wide, widest at middle, lateral

margins weakly curved and slightly convergent basally,

but stronger convergent anteriorly; anterior angles stron-

gly produced and sharp, posterior angles blunt and wea-

kly rounded at the tip; anterior margin convexly produ-

ced medially, with a broad marginal line, basal margin

with fine marginal line that is widely interrupted medial-

ly; surface with moderately dense and fine punctures, with

one long seta on each side of disc; anterior and lateral bor-

ders densely setose; hypomeron simple, not carinate at ba-

se and not ventrally produced. Scutellum triangular, as wi-

de as long, with fine and very dense punctures, glabrous.

Elytra oblong, widest in apical third, striae weakly im-

pressed, finely and densely punctate, intervals flat, with

fine, moderately dense punctures often concentrated along

the striae, odd intervals with fine, short setae; interior api-

cal angle of elytra with a strong seta; epipleural edge fi-

ne ending at the strongly curved external apical angle of

elytra, epipleura densely setose; apical border of elytra wit-

hout short microtrichomes.

Ventral surface shiny, with fine and moderately dense

punctures, finely densely setose; metacoxa glabrous with

a few fine, long, adjacent setae laterally only; abdominal

sternites micro-reticulate, with an indistinct, transverse

row of coarse punctures bearing a moderately long seta

between fine, dense punctation, a few fine punctures be-

ar a short seta; penultimate sternite apically with a smooth,

sclerotized border which is one fifth as long as the ster-

nite, last sternite medially 0.75 times as long as penulti-

mate one. Mesosternum between mesocoxae as wide as

mesofemur, with fine, long setae. Ratio of length of me-

tepisternum/ metacoxa: |/ 1.37. Pygidium strongly even-

ly convex, finely and sparsely punctate, without smooth

midline; surface shiny, sparsely covered with short setae

along the apical margin.

Legs slender and moderately long; femora shiny, with

two longitudinal rows of setae, coarsely but sparsely

punctate; metafemur sharply carinate anteriorly and wit-

hout a submarginal serrate line, posterior margin weakly

convex and with a few short setae basally, its ventral part

only weakly widened in apical half and not serrate, inter-

nally not serrate, with dense, long setae. Metatibia slen-

©ZFMK

130 Dirk Ahrens

Fig. 4A-D. 4. kalabi sp. n. (holotype); E-H: A. mingi (holotype); A, E: Aedeagus, left side lateral view; C, G: Aedeagus, right

side lateral view; B, F: parameres, dorsal view; D, H: Habitus. Scale: 0.5 mm.

der and moderately long; subparallel most of its length,

basally narrowed, widened ventrally at apex, ratio width/

length: 1/ 2.7; dorsally longitudinally sharply carinate,

with two groups of spines, basal group at first quarter, api-

cal group at second third of metatibial length, basally with

a few single, fine setae; external face longitudinally con-

vex, with fine punctures laterally, glabrous; ventrally with

a sharp, finely serrate margin, with four robust setae in

apical half; internal face laterally with a few punctures be-

aring each a fine seta, apex interiorly deeply excavate at

middle and not truncate near tarsal articulation. Meso- and

metatarsomeres dorsally glabrous and finely densely

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138

punctate, ventrally with sparse, short setae; metatarsome-

res ventrally with a finely serrate ridge, beside it with a

robust longitudinal carina, first metatarsomere distinctly

shorter than the following tarsomere and slightly shorter

than the upper tibial spur. Protibia moderately long, bi-

dentate, protarsal claws symmetric.

Aedeagus: Fig. 4E—G. Habitus: 4H.

Diagnosis. A. mingi sp. n. can be distinguished by all ot-

her Archeohomaloplia species by the basal marginal line

of pronotum being medially interrupted.

OZFMK

A revision of the genus Archeohomaloplia Nikolajev, 1982 131

Variation. Length: 5.4—6.3 mm, length of elytra: 3.6—3.9

mm, width: 3.0—-3.3 mm. Female specimens are very si-

milar to males but have slightly shorter antennal clubs, 1.e.

the club is slightly shorter than the remaining antennome-

res combined. Setae on disc of pronotum may lack.

Etymology. The species is dedicated to my dear collea-

gue, the Chinese scarab specialist Ming Bai, Beijing.

Archeohomaloplia ganhaiziensis sp. n.

Type material examined. Holotype: ¢ “Yunnan 3000m

27.05N 100.1S5E Yulongshan mts. Ganhaizi pass 4.7.92

David Kral leg./ Coll. David Kral, Praha/ 555 Sericini:

Asia spec.” (NMPC). Paratypes: 2 43’, 3 92 same data

as holotype (NMPC), 1 2 “Yunnan 3000 m 27.05N

100.15E Yulongshan mts. Ganhaizi pass 7.—12.V1I.90 Da-

vid Kral leg.” (NMPC), 2 dd, 1 2 “China, N-Yunnan

27°06’N 100°15°E Yulongshan mts. 3000-3500 m Gan-

haizi pass lgt. D. Kral 7-12/7°90” (CA), 3 do, 4 2°

“China, N-Yunnan 27°06’N 100°15’E Yulongshan mts.

3000-3500 m Ganhaizi pass lgt. D. Kral 18—23/7°90”

(CA), 3 98 “China, Yunnan prov. 27°06 N 100°15 E Yu-

longshan mts. 3000-3500 m Ganhaizi pass Igt. Vit Kuban

leg. 18.—23.VII.1990” (CA), 2 99 “China, Yunnan prov.

27°06 N 100°15 E Yulongshan mts. 3000-3500 m Gan-

haizi pass lgt. Vit Kuban leg. 24.—26.VII.1990” (CA), 1

S “Yunnan, 23.24. Jun 1993 Yulong Mts. 27.00N

100.12E Bolm Igt. 3200m/ Coll. P. Pacholatko” (CP), 1

3 “Yunnan 1950-2050m 27.18N 100.14E Daju, Jinsha r.

7—-10/7.92 Vit Kuban leg./ Coll. P. Pacholatko” (CP), 1 2

“China Yunnan Lijiang 2100 m 13.—27.V1.1995 leg. Pe-

karovié”’/ Coll. P. Pacholatko” (CP), 1 4 “X-DA1623/ Chi-

na: Yunnan province, 26km N Lijiang, 15.VI.2007 Gan-

haizi pass 27°97.1°N 100°14.9’E, 3000m, J. Hajek & J.

Ruzicka [Ch26]/ individually collected under stones, on

soil surface and on plants and dense shrubs, sparse coni-

ferous forest (with dominant Pinus)” (CA), 4 ¢¢, 2 2°

“ China: Yunnan province, 26km N Lijiang, 15.V1I.2007

Ganhaizi pass 27°97.1’N 100°14.9’E, 3000m, J. Hajek &

J. Ruzicka [Ch26]/ individually collected under stones, on

soil surface and on plants and dense shrubs, sparse coni-

ferous forest (with dominant Pinus)” (NMPC).

Description. Length: 6.6 mm, length of elytra: 4.3 mm,

width: 3.6 mm. Body oblong, black, dorsal surface shi-

ny, almost glabrous.

Labroclypeus trapezoidal, widest at base and convergent

apically, lateral margins weakly convex; anterior angles

strongly convex; lateral border and ocular canthus produ-

cing a distinct angle; margins moderately reflexed, ante-

rior margin deeply sinuate medially; surface convex me-

dially and shiny, finely and densely punctate, distance bet-

ween punctures less than their diameter, with a few ro-

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138

bust punctures behind anterior margin bearing each a long,

erect seta; frontoclypeal suture feebly incised, medially

moderately curved; smooth area in front of eye approxi-

mately 1.5 times as wide as long; ocular canthus short and

wide, subtriangular, rounded at apex, finely and densely

punctate, with one terminal seta. Frons shiny, with fine,

dense punctures that are posteriorly less dense; with a few

erect setae on sides behind the frontoclypeal suture. Ey-

es small, ratio of diameter/ interocular width: 0.38. An-

tenna black, with ten antennomeres; club with three an-

tennomeres, slightly shorter than the remaining antenno-

meres combined. Mentum weakly elevated and flattened

anteriorly.

Pronotum moderately wide, widest at base, lateral mar-

gins weakly convex and evenly convergent anteriorly; an-

terior angles strongly produced and sharp, posterior an-

gles blunt and moderately rounded; anterior margin con-

vexly produced medially, with a broad marginal line, ba-

sal margin with fine marginal line at sides; surface with

dense and fine punctures, with a few long setae on disc;

anterior and lateral borders densely setose; hypomeron

simple, not carinate at base and not ventrally produced.

Scutellum triangular, slightly longer than wide, with fine

and very dense punctures, glabrous.

Elytra oblong, widest in apical third, striae weakly im-

pressed, finely and densely punctate, intervals weakly con-

vex, with fine, moderately dense punctures often concen-

trated along the striae, odd intervals with fine, moderate-

ly long setae (setae shorter (on disc) or as long (sides) as

intervals wide); interior apical angle of elytra with a strong

seta; epipleural edge fine ending at the strongly curved ex-

ternal apical angle of elytra, epipleura densely setose; api-

cal border of elytra without short microtrichomes.

Ventral surface shiny, with fine and moderately dense

punctures, finely densely setose; metacoxa glabrous with

a few fine, long, adjacent setae laterally only; abdominal

sternites micro-reticulate, with an indistinct, transverse

row of coarse punctures bearing a moderately long seta

between fine, dense punctation, a few fine punctures be-

ar a short seta; penultimate sternite apically with a smooth,

sclerotized border which is one fifth as long as the ster-

nite, last sternite medially 0.75 times as long as penulti-

mate one, with longer and denser setae. Mesosternum bet-

ween mesocoxae as wide as mesofemur, with fine, long

setae. Ratio of length of metepisternum/ metacoxa: 1/ 1.29.

Pygidium moderately evenly convex, finely and evenly,

not densely punctate, without smooth midline; surface shi-

ny, sparsely covered with short setae.

Legs slender and moderately long; femora shiny, with

two longitudinal rows of setae, coarsely but sparsely

punctate; metafemur sharply carinate anteriorly and wit-

hout a submarginal serrate line, posterior margin weakly

convex and with a few short setae basally, its ventral part

only weakly widened in apical half and not serrate, inter-

nally not serrate, with dense, long setae. Metatibia slen-

©ZFMK

132 Dirk Ahrens

Fig. 5A-D. 4. ganhaiziensis sp. n. (holotype); E-H: A. yunnana (Miyake & Yamaya, 2001) (China: Degen env.); I-K: A. safra-

neki sp. n. (holotype); A, E, I: Aedeagus, left side lateral view; C, G, K: Aedeagus, right side lateral view; B, F, J: parameres, dor-

sal view; D, H, K: Habitus. Scale: 0.5 mm.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138 ©ZFMK

A revision of the genus Archeohomaloplia Nikolajev, 1982 133

der and moderately long, evenly widened towards apex,

ratio width/ length: 1/ 3.4; dorsally longitudinally convex,

apically also sharply carinate, with two groups of spines,

basal group at first quarter, apical group at second third

of metatibial length, basally with a few single, fine setae;

external face longitudinally convex, with fine punctures

laterally, almost glabrous; ventrally with a sharp, finely

serrate margin, with four robust setae; internal face late-

rally with a few punctures bearing each a fine seta, apex

interiorly deeply excavate at middle and not truncate ne-

ar tarsal articulation. Meso- and metatarsomeres dorsally

glabrous and finely densely punctate, ventrally with spar-

se, short setae; metatarsomeres ventrally with a finely ser-

rate ridge, beside it with a robust longitudinal carina, first

metatarsomere distinctly shorter than the following tarso-

mere and slightly shorter than the upper tibial spur. Pro-

tibia moderately long, bidentate, protarsal claws symme-

tric.

Aedeagus: Fig. 5A—C. Habitus: 5D.

Diagnosis. A. ganhaiziensis sp. n. is in external shape very

similar to A. yunnana; it may be differentiated from it by

the shape of right paramere which is once bent at basal

third and the smaller dorsal apophysis of phallobasis.

Variation. Length: 5.8—6.6 mm, length of elytra: 4.0-4.3

mm, width: 3.3-3.6 mm. Female specimens are very si-

milar to males but have slightly shorter antennal clubs, 1.e.

the club is distinctly slightly shorter than the remaining

antennomeres combined; the punctures on pygidium are

less dense and the surface of pygidium shows a fine m1-

cro—reticulation.

Etymology. The species is named according to its prove-

nience from Ganhaizi pass (Yulang Shan).

Archeohomaloplia yunnana (Miyake & Yamaya, 2001)

Melanomaladera yunnana Miyake & Yamaya, 2001: 38

(type locality: China: Degen).

Archeohomaloplia yunnana: Ahrens 2007: 7.

Type material examined. Holotype (Melanomaladera

yunnana): 6 “China NW Yunnan Degen city env. 3300

m alt. 29. Jun. 1998 A. Gorodinski / Holotypus Melano-

maladera yunnana sp. n. Y. Miyake 199” (NMMC).

Additional material examined. 2 ex. “China pr. Yunnan

b. occ. Degen 3900 m 7.6.1993 R. Cervenka Igt.” (CP),

2 ex. (1 4, 1 2) “Yunnan/ Apogonia nigroolivacea Heyd.”

(MNHN), 11 ex. “Yunnan” (MNHN). (see also Ahrens

2007).

Aedeagus: Fig. 5E—G. Habitus: 5H.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138

Archeohomaloplia safraneki sp. n.

Type material examined. Holotype: ¢ “SE Tibet, 3000—

3500 m, ca 20 km N of Yangjing 23. VI.—8. VHI.1998 Saf-

ranek & Tryzna lgt/ Coll. P. Pacholatko Invt. No./ 766 Se-

ricini: Asia spec.” (CP). Paratypes: 2 34, 1 9 same da-

ta as holotype (CP, CA).

Description. Length: 6.0 mm, length of elytra: 3.8 mm,

width: 3.2 mm. Body oblong, black, antenna brown, tar-

si yellowish brown, dorsal surface shiny, almost glabrous.

Labroclypeus trapezoidal, widest at base and convergent

apically, lateral margins weakly convex; anterior angles

strongly convex; lateral border and ocular canthus produ-

cing a distinct angle; margins moderately reflexed, ante-

rior margin deeply sinuate medially; surface convex me-

dially and shiny, finely and densely punctate, distance bet-

ween punctures less than their diameter, with a few ro-

bust punctures behind anterior margin bearing each a long,

erect seta; frontoclypeal suture feebly incised, medially

moderately curved; smooth area in front of eye approxi-

mately 1.5 times as wide as long; ocular canthus short and

wide, subtriangular, rounded at apex, finely and densely

punctate, with one terminal seta. Frons shiny, with fine,

dense punctures that are posteriorly less dense; with a few

erect setae on sides behind the frontoclypeal suture. Ey-

es small, ratio of diameter/ interocular width: 0.41. An-

tenna yellowish brown, with ten antennomeres; club dark

brown, with three antennomeres, slightly shorter than the

remaining antennomeres combined. Mentum weakly ele-

vated and flattened anteriorly.

Pronotum moderately wide, widest at base, lateral mar-

gins straight and subparallel in basal half, convergent and

weakly convex anteriorly; anterior angles strongly produ-

ced and sharp, posterior angles blunt and moderately roun-

ded; anterior margin convexly produced medially, with a

broad marginal line, basal margin with fine marginal li-

ne at sides; surface with dense and fine punctures, gla-

brous; anterior and lateral borders sparsely setose; hypo-

meron simple, not carinate at base and not ventrally pro-

duced. Scutellum triangular, slightly longer than wide,

with fine and very dense punctures, glabrous.

Elytra oblong, widest in apical third, striae weakly im-

pressed, finely and densely punctate, intervals weakly con-

vex, with fine, moderately dense punctures often concen-

trated along the striae, odd intervals with fine, moderate-

ly long setae (setae as long as intervals wide); interior api-

cal angle of elytra with a strong seta; epipleural edge fi-

ne ending at the strongly curved external apical angle of

elytra, epipleura densely setose; apical border of elytra wit-

hout short microtrichomes.

Ventral surface shiny, with fine and moderately dense

punctures, finely densely setose; metacoxa glabrous with

a few fine, long, adjacent setae laterally only; abdominal

sternites micro-reticulate, with an indistinct, transverse

©ZFMK

134 Dirk Ahrens

row of coarse punctures bearing a moderately long seta

between fine, dense punctation, a few fine punctures be-

ar a short seta; penultimate sternite apically with a smooth,

sclerotized border which is one fifth as long as the ster-

nite, last sternite medially 0.75 times as long as penulti-

mate one, with longer and denser setae. Mesosternum bet-

ween mesocoxae as wide as mesofemur, with fine, long

setae. Ratio of length of metepisternum/ metacoxa: 1/ 1.43.

Pygidium moderately evenly convex, finely and evenly,

not densely punctate, without smooth midline; surface shi-

ny, sparsely covered with short setae.

Legs slender and moderately long; femora shiny, with

two longitudinal rows of setae, coarsely but sparsely

punctate; metafemur sharply carinate anteriorly and wit-

hout a submarginal serrate line, posterior margin weakly

convex and with a few short setae basally, its ventral part

only weakly widened in apical half and not serrate, inter-

nally not serrate, with dense, long setae. Metatibia slen-

der and moderately long, evenly widened towards apex,

ratio width/ length: 1/ 3.2; dorsally longitudinally convex,

apically also sharply carinate, with two groups of spines,

basal group at first quarter, apical group at second third

of metatibial length, basally with a few single, fine setae;

external face longitudinally convex, with fine punctures

laterally, almost glabrous; ventrally with a sharp, finely

serrate margin, with four robust setae; internal face late-

rally with a few punctures bearing each a fine seta, apex

interiorly deeply excavate at middle and not truncate ne-

ar tarsal articulation. Meso- and metatarsomeres dorsally

glabrous and finely densely punctate, ventrally with spar-

se, short setae; metatarsomeres ventrally with a finely ser-

rate ridge, beside it with a robust longitudinal carina, first

metatarsomere distinctly shorter than the following and

slightly longer than the upper tibial spur. Protibia mode-

rately long, bidentate, protarsal claws symmetric.

Aedeagus: Fig. SI-K. Habitus: 5L.

Diagnosis. A. safraneki sp. n. is in external shape very si-

milar to A. yunnana; it may be differentiated from it by

the much shorter right paramere and the smaller dorsal

apophysis of phallobasis.

Variation. Length: 6.1—6.3 mm, length of elytra: 3.74.1

mm, width: 3.0-3.6 mm. Female specimens are very si-

milar to males but have slightly shorter antennal clubs, 1.e.

the club is distinctly slightly shorter than the remaining

antennomeres combined; the punctures on pygidium are

less dense and the surface of pygidium shows a fine mi-

cro-reticulation.

Etymology. The species is dedicated to one of its collec-

tors, Ondrej Safranek, Jiretin pod Jedlovou.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138

Archeohomaloplia taunggyiensis sp. n.

Type material examined. Holotype: ¢ “Burma (Myan-

mar) SW Shan state Taunggyi J. Rejsek 1.—18.6.1997/

Coll. Dirk Ahrens/ 412 Sericini: Asia spec.” (ZFMK). Pa-

ratypes: 5 04, 4 9° same data as holotype (ZFMK, CA),

1 2 “NW Thailand, 25.iv.—7.v.1996 Chiang Mai prov. Ban

San Pakia Sv. Bily leg., 1700m/ Coll. P. Pacholatko Brno/

TS144” (CP).

Description. Length: 4.8 mm, length of elytra: 2.9 mm,

width: 2.5 mm. Body oblong, black, elytra dark brown,

legs and antenna yellowish-brown; surface shiny, almost

glabrous.

Labroclypeus short trapezoidal, widest at base and con-

vergent apically, lateral margins weakly convex; anterior

angles strongly rounded; lateral border and ocular canthus

producing a distinct angle; margins moderately reflexed,

anterior margin very weakly sinuate medially; surface

weakly convex and shiny, finely and densely punctate, di-

stance between punctures subequal their diameter, with a

few robust punctures beside anterior and lateral margins

bearing each a robust, erect seta; frontoclypeal suture di-

stinctly incised, medially weakly curved; smooth area in

front of eye approximately 1.5 times as wide as long; ocu-

lar canthus short and wide, finely and densely punctate,

without terminal seta. Frons shiny, with coarse, dense

punctures on anterior half, on posterior half almost

smooth; with a few setae behind the frontoclypeal sutu-

re. Eyes small, ratio of diameter/ interocular width: 0.41.

Antenna yellow, with ten antennomeres; club with three

antennomeres, almost twice as long as the remaining an-

tennomeres combined. Mentum weakly elevated and flat-

tened anteriorly.

Pronotum moderately wide, widest at base, lateral mar-

gins convex and strongly convergent anteriorly; anterior

angles strongly produced and sharp, posterior angles stron-

gly rounded; anterior margin weakly convexly produced

medially, with a fine marginal line, basal margin with fi-

ne marginal line which sometimes is substituted by a row

of fine, single punctures; surface with sparse and fine

punctures, glabrous; anterior and lateral borders glabrous;

hypomeron finely carinate at base and not ventrally pro-

duced. Scutellum triangular, slightly longer than wide,

with fine and dense punctures, glabrous.

Elytra oblong, widest shortly behind middle, striae di-

stinctly impressed, finely and densely punctate, intervals

weakly convex, with fine, moderately dense punctures,

concentrated along the striae, glabrous; interior apical an-

gle of elytra without strong seta; epipleural edge fine en-

ding at the strongly curved external apical angle of ely-

tra, epipleura almost glabrous, only with a few fine setae;

apical border with short white microtrichomes.

©OZFMK

A revision of the genus Archeohomaloplia Nikolajev, 1982 135

Ventral surface shiny, with fine and moderately dense

punctures, finely sparsely setose; metacoxa glabrous with

a few fine, long, adjacent setae laterally only; abdominal

sternites micro-reticulate, with an indistinct, transverse

row of coarse punctures bearing a moderately long seta

between fine, dense punctation, a few fine punctures be-

ar a short seta; penultimate sternite apically with a smooth,

sclerotized border which is one fifth as long as the ster-

nite, last sternite medially 0.75 times as long as penulti-

mate one, with longer and denser setae. Mesosternum bet-

ween mesocoxae as wide as mesofemur, with fine, long

setae. Ratio of length of metepisternum/ metacoxa: 1/ 1.5.

Pygidium moderately evenly convex, finely and not den-

sely punctate, without smooth midline; surface shiny, each

puncture with a minute seta, on apex a few longer setae.

Legs slender and moderately long; femora shiny, with

two longitudinal rows of setae, coarsely but sparsely

punctate; metafemur sharply carinate anteriorly and wit-

hout a submarginal serrate line, posterior margin weakly

convex and with a few short setae basally, its ventral part

moderately widened in apical half and not serrate, inter-

nally not serrate, with dense, long setae. Metatibia slen-

der and moderately long, evenly widened towards apex,

ratio width/ length: 1/ 2.9; dorsally sharply carinate, with

two groups of spines, basal group at first quarter, apical

group at second third of metatibial length, basally with a

few single, fine setae; external face longitudinally convex,

laterally with fine punctures, glabrous; ventrally with a

sharp, finely serrate margin, with four robust setae in api-

cal half; internal face laterally with a few punctures be-

aring each a fine seta, apex interiorly deeply excavate at

middle and not truncate near tarsal articulation. Meso- and

metatarsomeres dorsally glabrous and finely densely

punctate, ventrally with sparse, short setae; metatarsome-

res ventrally with a finely serrate ridge, beside it with a

fine longitudinal carina, first metatarsomere slightly lon-

ger than the following tarsomere and one third of its length

longer than the upper tibial spur. Protibia moderately long,

bidentate, protarsal claws symmetric.

Aedeagus: Fig. 6A—C. Habitus: 6D.

Diagnosis. A. taunggyiensis sp. n. differs from all other

Archeohomaloplia species by the longer first metatarso-

mere, the carinate hypomeron, and the shape of labrocly-

peus.

Variation. Length: 4.3—4.8 mm, length of elytra: 2.8—2.9

mm, width: 2.4 mm. Female specimens are very similar

to males but have much shorter antennal clubs, the club

is only as long as the remaining antennomeres combined.

In some paratype some setae at anterior margin of prono-

tum present.

Remarks. Given the margined ventral hypomeron and the

partly reduction of the basal pronotal border, the systema-

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138

tic position of the species is still to explore more in de-

tail: Ahrens (2006b) assumed that the carinate hypome-

ron is a synapomorphy of ‘modern Sericini’, but the de-

gree of homoplasy of this trait is little explored yet. Due

to their overall general appearance, their very similar ge-

nital morphology A. taunggyiensis sp. n. is so far assigned

to Archeohomaloplia.

Etymology. The species is named according to its prove-

nience from Taunggyi (Myanmar).

Archeohomaloplia acuta sp. n.

Type material examined. Holotype: 3 “Burma (Myan-

mar) SW Shan state Taunggyi J. Rejsek 1.—18.6.1997/

Coll. Dirk Ahrens/ 410Sericini: Asia spec.” (ZFMK). Pa-

ratypes: | 4, 1 9 “Burma: SW Shan State; Kalaw; 10.—

11.vi.1997 (70 km WSW Taunggyi) J. Kalab leg.” (CP).

Description. Length: 4.1 mm, length of elytra: 2.5 mm,

width: 2.5 mm. Body oblong, black, elytra dark brown,

legs and antenna brown; surface shiny, almost glabrous.

Labroclypeus short trapezoidal, widest at base and con-

vergent apically, lateral margins weakly convex; anterior

angles strongly rounded; lateral border and ocular canthus

producing a distinct angle; margins moderately reflexed,

anterior margin very weakly sinuate medially; surface

weakly convex and shiny, finely and densely punctate, di-

stance between punctures less than their diameter, with a

few robust punctures beside anterior and lateral margins

bearing each a robust, erect seta; frontoclypeal suture very

finely incised, medially weakly curved; smooth area in

front of eye approximately 1.5 times as wide as long; ocu-

lar canthus short and wide, finely and densely punctate,

without terminal seta. Frons shiny, with coarse, irregular-

ly dense punctures, punctures behind less dense; with a

few setae behind the frontoclypeal suture. Eyes small, ra-

tio of diameter/ interocular width: 0.4. Antenna brown,

with ten antennomeres; club with three antennomeres,

slightly longer than the remaining antennomeres combi-

ned. Mentum weakly elevated and flattened anteriorly.

Pronotum moderately wide, widest at base, lateral mar-

gins convex and strongly convergent anteriorly; anterior

angles strongly produced and sharp, posterior angles stron-

gly rounded; anterior margin weakly convexly produced

medially, with a fine marginal line; basal margin with a

fine complete marginal line; surface with moderately den-

se and fine punctures, glabrous; anterior and lateral bor-

ders glabrous; hypomeron finely carinate at base and not

ventrally produced. Scutellum triangular, slightly longer

than wide, with fine and dense punctures, glabrous.

Elytra oblong, widest shortly behind middle, striae di-

stinctly impressed, finely and densely punctate, intervals

weakly convex, with fine, moderately dense punctures,

concentrated along the striae, with a few single setae on

OZFMK

136 Dirk Ahrens

Fig. 6A-D. A. taunggyiensis sp. n. (holotype); E-H: A. acuta (holotype); A, E: Aedeagus, left side lateral view; C, G: Aedea-

gus, right side lateral view; B, F: parameres, dorsal view; D, H: Habitus. Scale: 0.5 mm.

lateral and sutural intervals; interior apical angle of ely-

tra without strong seta; epipleural edge fine ending at the

strongly curved external apical angle of elytra, epipleura

almost glabrous, only with a few fine setae; apical bor-

der with a few single white microtrichomes at apex.

Ventral surface shiny, with fine and moderately dense

punctures, finely sparsely setose; metacoxa glabrous with

a few fine, long, adjacent setae laterally only; abdominal

sternites shiny, with an indistinct, transverse row of co-

arse punctures bearing a moderately long seta between fi-

ne, dense punctation, a few fine punctures bear a short se-

ta; penultimate sternite apically with a smooth, scleroti-

zed border which is one fifth as long as the sternite, last

sternite medially 0.75 times as long as penultimate one,

with longer and denser setae. Mesosternum between me-

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138

socoxae as wide as mesofemur, with fine, long setae. Ra-

tio of length of metepisternum/ metacoxa: 1/ 1.55. Pygi-

dium strongly evenly convex, coarsely and densely

punctate, without smooth midline; surface shiny, each

puncture with a minute seta, along the apical margin with

a few longer setae.

Legs slender and moderately long; femora shiny, with

two longitudinal rows of setae, coarsely but sparsely

punctate; metafemur sharply carinate anteriorly and wit-

hout a submarginal serrate line, posterior margin weakly

convex and with a few short setae basally, its ventral part

moderately widened in apical half and not serrate, inter-

nally not serrate, with dense, long setae. Metatibia wide

and short; subparallel, abruptly narrowed basally, ratio

width/ length: 1/ 2.67; dorsally sharply carinate, with two

©ZFMK

A revision of the genus Archeohomaloplia Nikolajev, 1982 137

90° 95° 100°

35°

30°

105° 110° 115°

_ abbreviata

_ acuta

25°

20°

90°

. frolovi

. ganhaiziensis

. habashana

._ kalabi

. medvedevi

_mingi

_ nikolaevi

. Safraneki

. taunggyiensis

A. yunnanensis

105° 110° 115°

Fig. 7. Distribution of Archeohomaloplia species. ‘?’ stands for the not precisely localized collecting locality of A. yvaregongen-

sis sp. n. in China (Sichuan/ Tibet border).

groups of spines, basal group at first quarter, apical group

at second third of metatibial length, basally with a few sin-

gle, fine setae; external face longitudinally convex, late-

rally with fine punctures, glabrous; ventrally with a sharp,

finely serrate margin, with three robust equidistant setae;

internal face laterally with a few punctures bearing each

a fine and long seta, apex interiorly deeply excavate at

middle and not truncate near tarsal articulation. Meso- and

metatarsomeres dorsally glabrous and very minutely

punctate, ventrally with sparse, short setae; metatarsome-

res ventrally with a finely serrate ridge, beside it with a

fine longitudinal carina, first metatarsomere distinctly lon-

ger than the following tarsomere and one third of its length

longer than the upper tibial spur. Protibia moderately long,

bidentate, protarsal claws symmetric.

Aedeagus: Fig. 6E—G. Habitus: 6H.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138

Diagnosis. 4. acuta sp. n. differs from A. taunggviensis

sp. n. by the shorter antennal club in male, the darker co-

lour of antenna and legs, and the less dense microtricho-

mes at apex of elytra.

Variation. Length: 4.0—-4.2 mm, length of elytra: 2.4—2.5

mm, width: 2.5 mm. Female specimens are very similar

to males but have yellow, slightly shorter antennal clubs,

the club is as long as the remaining antennomeres com-

bined.

Remarks. Given the margined ventral hypomeron and the

partly reduction of the basal pronotal border, the systema-

tic position of the species is questionable as that of A.

taunggyiensis sp. n.

Etymology. The species is named according to the shar-

ply pointed dorsal apophysis of phallobasis, acuta (sharp).

©ZFMK

138 Dirk Ahrens

Acknowledgements. I wish to express my cordial thanks to A.

Frolov (ZIN), J. Hajek (NMPC), D. Kral and M. Nikodym (both

Prague), O. Montreuil (MNHN), P. Pacholatko (Brno), E. Spre-

cher-Uebersax and M. Brancucci (NHMB), S. Yamaya,

(NMMC), and their respective institutions for loaning research

material to me. I am particularly thankful to A. Frolov (St. Pe-

tersburg) for help with locating the collection sites of Potanin.

During this revision I was supported by DFG grants AH175/1-

1 and AH175/1-2.

REFERENCES

Ahrens D (2004) Monographie der Sericini des Himalaya (Co-

leoptera, Scarabaeidae). Dissertation.de — Verlag im Internet

GmbH, Berlin

Ahrens D (2006a) Sericinae. p. 229-248. In: Lébl I & Smetana

A (eds) The Catalogue of the Order Coleoptera of the Palae-

arctic Region. Apollo Books, Stenstrup

Ahrens D (2006b) The phylogeny of Sericini and their position

within the Scarabaeidae based on morphological characters

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 117-138

(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Systematic Entomology 31: 113—

144

Ahrens D (2007) Taxonomic notes on Sericini of the eastern Pa-

laearctic region: the catalogue of Palaearctic Sericini updated

(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Zootaxa 1504: 1-51

Fairmaire ML (1897) Coléoptéres du Szé-tchouen et de Koui-

Tchéou (Chine). Note XXVIII. Notes from the Leyden Mu-

seum 19: 241—255

Miyake Y & Yamaya S (2001) Some scarabaeid beetles belon-

ging to the tribe Sericini (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) from high-

lands of western China, with descriptions of new genera and

species. Bulletin of the Nagaoka Municipal Science Museum

36: 35-44

Nikolajev GV (1982) Material on the taxonomy of Sericinae (Co-

leoptera, Scarabaeidae) from Mongolia and adjacent countries.

Nasekomye Mongolii 8: 284-289

Réssner E & Ahrens D (2004) Taxonomie und Chorologie der

Gattung Omaloplia Schoenherr, 1817 (Coleoptera: Scaraba-

eidae: Sericin1). Dissertation.de — Verlag im Internet GmbH,

Berlin

©ZFMK

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

December 2011

New species of Sericini from the Himalaya and adjacent mountains

(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Dirk Ahrens & Silvia Fabrizi

Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D-53113 Bonn, Germany;

E-mail: d.ahrens.zfmk@uni-bonn.de,; ahrens.dirk_col@gmx.de.

Abstract. Fourteen new species of Sericini are described from Nepal, the eastern Himalaya, and the mountains of Yun-

nan and Myanmar: Amiserica michaeli sp. n., Gynaecoserica victori sp. n., G. aniniensis sp. n., Lasioserica hamifer sp.

n., L. (s. L.) imminuta sp. n., Serica (s. str.) pelelaensis sp. n., S. (s. str.) panwarensis sp. n., S. (s. str.) exhausta sp. n., S.

(s. str.) chinhillensis sp. n., S. (s. 1.) langeri sp. n., S. (s. 1.) davidkrali sp. n., Sericania khandbariensis sp. n., Neoserica

(s.l.) Kachinensis sp. n., and N. (s.1.) loeffleri sp. n. The lectotype of Serica scutellaris Arrow, 1946 from Myanmar is de-

signated and its male genitalia for the first time figured. New data on distribution of 38 species from the Himalayas are

given.

Key words. Bhutan, China, India, Nepal, Arunachal Pradesh, new species, new distribution records, chafers, Sericini.

1. INTRODUCTION

The taxonomy of the fauna of sericine chafer beetles

(Sericin1) of the Himalayas was revised and reviewed in

detail by Ahrens (2004). Subsequently, new data and taxa

were added (Ahrens 2005a—e, 2006c, Ahrens & Fabrizi

2009a,b, Ahrens & Pacholatko 2005) and a number of phy-

logenetic studies explored the diversification and biogeo-

graphic patterns of the Himalayan Sericini fauna (Ahrens

2005d, 2006a,b,d—f, 2007a,b).

But still we have to consider the eastern regions of the

Himalaya and the adjacent mountain regions of northern

Myanmar and southeast China relatively unexplored and

this fact hampers more rigorous hypotheses on the diver-

sification of the Himalayan fauna. Recently, new materi-

al mainly from Bhutan and Myanmar was sent to us for

identification and the results of the examination of this ma-

terial are presented in this paper. Fourteen new species

were discovered and are described herein, and new data

on the distribution of 38 additional species are given.

2. MATERIAL AND METHODS

The principal terminologies and methods used for speci-

men dissection and genital preparation are described in de-

tail in Ahrens (2004). Male genitalia were glued on a small

pointed card and photographed in both lateral and dorsal

view using a stereomicroscope Leica M125 with a Leica

DFC420C digital camera. In the automontage software as

Received: 01.09.2011

Accepted: 01.12.2011

implemented in Leica Application Suite (V3.3.0) a num-

ber of single focussed images were combined in order to

obtain an image that was in focus throughout. The result-

ing images were subsequently digitally edited to remove

errors of the Automontage reconstruction and to obtain a

white background.

Abbreviations used

CA coll. D. Ahrens, ZFMK (Germany);

CMNC Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa

(Canada);

CP coll. P. Pacholatko, Brno (Czech

Republic);

NME Naturkundemuseum Erfurt (Germany);

NMPC Natural History Museum Prague

collection (Czech Republic);

NHRS Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet Stockholm

(Sweden);

ZFMK Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum A.

Koenig, Bonn (Germany);

ZIN Zoological Institute, Russian Academy

of Sciences, St. Petersburg (Russia).

Corresponding editor: F. Herder

140 Dirk Ahrens & Silvia Fabrizi

Fig. 1. A-D. Serica pelelaensis sp. n. (holotype); E-H. S. exhausta sp. n. (holotype); A, E. Aedeagus, left side lateral view; C,

G: Aedeagus, right side lateral view; B, F. parameres, dorsal view; D, H. Habitus. Scale: 0.5 mm. Habitus not to scale.

3. NEW SPECIES

Serica (s. str.) pelelaensis sp. n. (Fig. 1A—D)

Type material examined. Holotype: ¢ “Bhutan: Pele La-

Pass, 27°33’N, 90°12’E 29-30.vi.2009, 3279m, leg. V. Si-

niaev” (ZFMK). Paratype: | ¢ “Bhutan: Bumthang,

27°31'N, 90°33’E 7—9.vi1.2009, 2420m, leg. V. Siniaev”

(ZFMK).

Description. Length: 9.1 mm, length of elytra: 6.9 mm,

width: 5.1 mm. Body oblong, dark brown, antenna yel-

lowish, legs and pronotal margins reddish brown, elytra

with indistinct irregular dark spots, dorsal surface dull;

frons with dense, erect setae.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

Labroclypeus narrowly trapezoidal, slightly wider than

long, widest at base, lateral margins convergent and in

basal three quarters straight, anteriorly convex, anterior

angles weakly rounded, anteriorly deeply and widely sin-

uate medially, lateral margins weakly reflexed, anterior

margin strongly reflexed; surface flat and shiny, finely and

moderately densely punctate, with a few superficial trans-

verse wrinkles, covered with long, erect setae throughout;

frontoclypeal suture indistinctly incised, slightly elevat-

ed and weakly convex; smooth area anterior to eye large

and convex, approximately twice as wide as long; ocular

canthus very short and slender (1/6 of ocular diameter),

smooth, with one short terminal seta. Frons completely

dull and flat, with fine and moderately dense punctures

and dense, long erect setae. Eyes very large, ratio diam-

eter/ interocular width: 0.89. Antenna yellowish with ten

©ZFMK

New species of Sericini from the Himalaya and adjacent mountains 141

antennomeres; antennomeres three to five slightly wider

than long, antennomere six and seven transverse and short;

club with three antennomeres, 2.5 times as long as remain-

ing antennomeres combined and strongly reflexed out-

ward. Mentum weakly elevated, anteriorly flattened.

Labrum transverse, short, moderately produced, moder-

ately sinuate medially.

Pronotum transverse, widest shortly before base, later-

al margins moderately convex and slightly convergent an-

teriorly, anterior angles moderately produced and blunt,

distinctly rounded at the tip, posterior angles strongly

rounded, anterior margin medially with a wide marginal

line and strongly convexly produced medially; surface not

densely and finely punctate, a few punctures with white,

short and appressed setae; anterior and lateral borders as

well as sides of the base densely setose; hypomeron not

carinate at base. Scutellum slender and long, triangular,

finely and densely punctate, with a smooth longitudinal

area medially, glabrous.

Elytra oblong, widest at apical third, striae distinctly 1m-

pressed, finely and densely punctate, intervals slightly con-

vex, with fine, moderately dense punctures concentrated

along striae, dark spots completely smooth, intervals with

fine, short, white setae which are sparsely scattered, some

are appressed, others semi-erect; epipleural edge fine, end-

ing at moderately curved external apical angle of elytra,

epipleura densely setose, apical border chitinous, without

microtrichomes (magnification 100x).

Ventral surface dull, finely and not densely punctate,

moderately densely setose, metacoxa glabrous, with a few

long setae only laterally; abdominal sternites finely and

densely punctuate, with a transverse row of coarse punc-

tures, each bearing a short seta. Mesosternum between

mesocoxae half as wide as the slender mesofemur. Ratio

of length of metepisternum/ metacoxa: 1/ 1.41. Pygidium

evenly moderately convex and dull, finely and densely

punctate, with smooth and slightly elevated midline, with

sparsely scattered, moderately dense, long setae.

Legs very slender; femora with two longitudinal rows

of setae, coarsely and not densely punctate between the

rows, with robust setae on basal half; metafemur shiny,

anterior margin acute, without a continuously serrated line

behind anterior edge, posterior margin serrated ventrally

in apical half and not widened, completely serrated dor-

sally, in basal half with a few long setae which are half

as long as width of metafemur. Metatibia slender and long,

widest at apex, ratio of width/ length: 1/ 4.8, dorsally

sharply carinate, with two groups of spines, basal group

at half, apical group at three quarters of metatibial length,

basally with a few single robust setae; longitudinally con-

cave externally, finely and sparsely punctate, without dis-

tinct longitudinal wrinkles; ventral edge serrated, with two

very widely separated fine setae, medial face with a shal-

low longitudinal groove medially, sparsely punctate and

with a few fine setae, apex interiorly near tarsal articula-

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

tion distinctly but bluntly truncate. Tarsomeres ventrally

with sparse, short setae, dorsally smooth; metatarsomeres

laterally and dorsally carinate, with a strongly serrated

ridge ventrally, first metatarsomere almost as long as the

two following tarsomeres combined and one third of its

length longer than the upper tibial spur; mesotarsomeres

weakly carinate laterally and dorsally, punctures and wrin-

kles lacking. Protibia long, bidentate, external edge with

numerous small teeth, anterior claws asymmetrical, basal

tooth of inner claw lobiform and half as long as apical

tooth, which is straight.

Aedeagus: Fig. 1A—C. Habitus: Fig. 1 D.

Variation. Length: 9.1—10.9 mm, length of elytra: 6.9—7.9

mm, width: 5.1—5.7 mm. 9: unknown.

Diagnosis. Serica pelelaensis sp. n. is in external and gen-

ital morphology very similar to S. chuttana Ahrens, 1999

from Nepal. The new taxon differs by the lobiform basal

tooth of the inner protarsal claw, the slightly wider metat-

ibia and the shape of parameres. In S. pelelaensis the right

paramere is apically distinctly curved externally (dorsal

view) but straight in lateral view; the left paramere 1s sub-

basally not widened medially and at apex more evenly

curved externally.

Etymology. The name is derived from the name of the

type locality, Pele La.

Serica (s. str.) exhausta sp. n. (Fig. 1E—H)

Type material examined. Holotype: ¢ “Bhutan: Bumt-

hang, 27°31°N, 90°33’E 7—9.vii.2009, 2420 m, leg. V. Si-

niaev” (ZFMK). Paratypes: | 2 same data as holotype

(ZFMK), 1 3 “Bhutan: Pele La-Pass, 27°33’N, 90°12’E

17.vii.2009, 3279 m leg. V. Siniaev” (ZFMK), 6 od

“Bhutan: Pele La-Pass, 27°33’N, 90°12’E 29-30.vi.2009,

3279 m, leg. V. Siniaev” (ZFMK).

Description. Length: 7.6 mm, length of elytra: 5.6 mm,

width: 4.2 mm. Body oblong, dark brown, antenna yel-

lowish, legs, labroclypeus, elytra and pronotal lateral mar-

gins reddish brown, elytra with indistinct irregular dark

spots, dorsal surface dull; frons and pronotum with mod-

erately dense, erect setae.

Labroclypeus subrectangular, distinctly wider than

long, widest at base, lateral margins in basal half paral-

lel, anteriorly weakly convex and convergent, anterior an-

gles weakly rounded, anteriorly deeply and widely sinu-

ate medially, lateral margins moderately reflexed, anteri-

or margin strongly reflexed; surface flat and shiny, coarse-

ly and densely punctate, punctures partly only superficial

but with a few superficial transverse wrinkles, with mod-

erately dense, long, erect setae throughout; frontoclypeal

©ZFMK

142 Dirk Ahrens & Silvia Fabrizi

Fig. 2. A-D. Serica langeri sp. n. (holotype); E-H. S. chinhillensis (holotype); I-L. S. panwarensis sp. n. (holotype); A, E, I.

Aedeagus, left side lateral view; C, G, K. Aedeagus, right side lateral view; B, F, J. parameres, dorsal view; D, H, L. Habitus.

Scale: 0.5 mm. Habitus not to scale.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164 ©ZFMK

New species of Sericini from the Himalaya and adjacent mountains 143

suture indistinctly incised, slightly elevated and weakly

convex; smooth area anterior to eye large and convex, ap-

proximately 1.5 times as wide as long; ocular canthus short

and slender (1/4 of ocular diameter), smooth, with one

short terminal seta. Frons completely dull and flat, with

fine and moderately dense punctures and moderately

dense, long erect setae. Eyes large, ratio diameter/ inte-

rocular width: 0.73. Antenna yellowish with nine anten-

nomeres; antennomeres three to five slightly wider than

long, antennomere six transverse and short; club with three

antennomeres, 2.5 times as long as remaining anten-

nomeres combined and strongly reflexed outward. Men-

tum weakly elevated, anteriorly flattened. Labrum trans-

verse, short, moderately produced, moderately sinuate me-

dially.

Pronotum transverse, widest at base, lateral margins

moderately convex and convergent anteriorly, anterior an-

gles distinctly produced, slightly rounded at the tip, pos-

terior angles strongly rounded, anterior margin medially

with a broad marginal line and strongly convexly produced

medially; surface not densely and finely punctate, a few

larger punctures with white, short and appressed or longer,

erect setae; anterior and lateral borders as well as sides of

the base densely setose; hypomeron not carinate at base.

Scutellum slender and long, triangular, finely and dense-

ly punctate, with a few minute setae in the punctures.

Elytra oblong, widest at apical third, striae distinctly im-

pressed, finely and densely punctate, intervals slightly con-

vex, with fine, moderately dense punctures concentrated

along striae, dark spots completely smooth, intervals with

fine, short, white setae which are sparsely scattered, some

are appressed, others semi-erect, beside the scutellum with

a few long, erect setae; epipleural edge fine, ending at

moderately curved external apical angle of elytra, epipleu-

ra densely setose, apical border chitinous, without mi-

crotrichomes (magnification 100x).

Ventral surface dull, finely and not densely punctate,

moderately densely setose, metacoxa glabrous, with a few

long setae only laterally; abdominal sternites finely and

densely punctuate, with a transverse row of coarse punc-

tures, each bearing a short seta. Mesosternum between

mesocoxae half as wide as the slender mesofemur. Ratio

of length of metepisternum/ metacoxa: 1/ 1.61. Pygidium

moderately convex and dull, finely and densely punctate,

with smooth and slightly elevated midline, with moder-

ately dense, long setae.

Legs very slender; femora with two longitudinal rows

of setae, coarsely and not densely punctate between the

rows, with robust setae on basal half; metafemur shiny,

anterior margin acute, without a continuously serrated line

behind anterior edge, posterior margin serrated ventrally

in apical half and not widened, completely serrated dor-

sally, in basal half with a few long setae which are half

as long as width of metafemur. Metatibia slender and long,

widest at apex, ratio of width/ length: 1/ 5.0, dorsally

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

sharply carinate, with two groups of spines, basal group

at half, apical group at three quarters of metatibial length,

basally with a few single robust setae; longitudinally con-

cave externally, finely and sparsely punctate, with longi-

tudinal wrinkles; ventral edge serrated, with two very

widely separated fine setae, medial face with a shallow

longitudinal groove medially, sparsely punctate but

glabrous, apex interiorly near tarsal articulation distinct-

ly but bluntly truncate. Tarsomeres ventrally with sparse,

very minute setae, dorsally smooth; metatarsomeres lat-

erally and dorsally carinate, with a strongly serrated ridge

ventrally, first metatarsomere as long as the two follow-

ing tarsomeres combined and almost twice as long as the

upper tibial spur; mesotarsomeres weakly carinate later-

ally and dorsally, punctures and wrinkles lacking. Protib-

ia long, bidentate, external edge with numerous small

teeth, anterior claws asymmetrical, basal tooth of inner

claw lobiform and half as long as the straight apical tooth.

Aedeagus: Fig. 1E—G. Habitus: Fig. 1H.

Variation. Length: 7.6—9.0 mm, length of elytra: 5.6—6.5

mm, width: 4.2-4.3 mm. 9: larger (9.0 mm), antennal club

combined of three antennomeres, shorter than the remain-

ing antennomeres combined; ratio of width/ length of

metatibia: 1/ 4.2.

Diagnosis. Serica exhausta sp. n. is in genital morphol-

ogy very similar to S. guidoi Ahrens, 1999. The new tax-

on differs by the distinctly longer antennal club in male,

the sparse erect setae on disc of pronotum, and the shape

of the slightly shorter parameres. The left paramere is al-

most straight at the external margin and evenly convexly

widened interiorly at basal third; the right paramere is

completely straight (dorsal view).

Etymology. The name is derived from the Latin word, ex-

haustus, tired.

Serica (s. str.) panwarensis sp. n. (Fig. 2I—L)

Type material examined. Holotype: ¢ “Myanmar (Bur-

ma) Provinz Kanchin State, ca. 20km N von Panwar,

23.V.2006, leg. Michael Langer, Stefan Naumann & Swen

Loffler Coll. M. Langer/ Nachtfang/ 2180 m

N25°43’30.2” E098°23’35.3” “ (ZFMK).

Description. Length: 8.3 mm, length of elytra: 5.9 mm,

width: 4.2 mm. Body oblong, dark brown, antenna brown,

tarsi and pronotal margins reddish brown, elytra with in-

distinct irregular dark spots, dorsal surface dull and almost

glabrous.

Labroclypeus narrow, as wide as long, widest at base,

lateral margins weakly convex and convergent anterior-

ly, anterior angles acute, anteriorly deeply and widely sin-

©ZFMK

144 Dirk Ahrens & Silvia Fabrizi

uate medially, margins moderately reflexed; surface flat

and moderately shiny, densely punctate, fine punctures

mixed with coarser ones, with a few long, erect setae be-

hind anterior margin; frontoclypeal suture indistinctly in-

cised, not elevated and weakly convex; smooth area an-

terior to eye large and convex, approximately twice as

wide as long; ocular canthus very long and slender (al-

most half of ocular diameter), smooth, without short ter-

minal seta. Frons completely dull, with fine and moder-

ately dense punctures, with a few long erect setae beside

the eyes. Eyes very large, ratio diameter/ interocular width:

0.91. Antenna with nine antennomeres; antennomeres

three to five slightly wider than long, antennomere six

transverse; club with three antennomeres, 2.5 times as long

as remaining antennomeres combined and strongly re-

flexed outward. Mentum very weakly convexly elevated.

Labrum transverse, short, moderately produced, weakly

sinuate medially.

Pronotum subtrapezoidal, widest at base, lateral margins

almost straight and convergent anteriorly, in anterior quar-

ter slightly convex, anterior angles moderately produced

and strongly rounded, posterior angles almost rectangu-

lar and weakly rounded in the tip, anterior margin medi-

ally with a broad marginal line and strongly convexly pro-

duced medially; surface densely and coarsely punctate, a

few punctures with scale-like, white, short and appressed

setae; lateral borders sparsely setose; hypomeron not car-

inate at base. Scutellum slender and long, triangular, fine-

ly and densely punctate, glabrous.

Elytra oblong, widest at apical third, striae moderately

impressed, finely and densely punctate, intervals flat, with

fine, dense punctures concentrated along striae, dark spots

partly widely extended and completely smooth, intervals

with sparse, scale-like, short, white setae; epipleural edge

fine, ending at moderately curved external apical angle of

elytra, epipleura densely setose, apical border chitinous,

without microtrichomes (magnification 100x).

Ventral surface dull, finely and not densely punctate,

moderately densely setose, metacoxa glabrous, with a few

long setae only laterally; abdominal sternites finely and

densely punctuate, with a transverse row of coarse punc-

tures, each bearing a short seta. Mesosternum between

mesocoxae half as wide as the slender mesofemur. Ratio

of length of metepisternum/ metacoxa: 1/ 1.33. Pygidium

weakly convex and dull, coarsely and densely punctate,

with a smooth and very slightly elevated midline, with

sparsely scattered, moderately dense, long setae.

Legs very slender; femora with two longitudinal rows

of setae, coarsely and not densely punctate between the

rows, with robust setae on basal half; metafemur shiny,

anterior margin acute, without a continuously serrated line

behind anterior edge, posterior margin serrated ventrally

in apical half and not widened, completely serrated dor-

sally, in basal half with a few long setae which are half

as long as width of metafemur. Metatibia slender and long,

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

widest at apex, ratio of width/ length: 1/ 5.0, dorsally

sharply carinate, with two groups of spines, basal group

at one third, apical group at three quarters of metatibial

length, basally with a few single robust setae; longitudi-

nally slightly concave externally, finely and sparsely punc-

tate, with numerous longitudinal wrinkles; ventral edge

serrated, with two very widely separated fine setae, me-

dial face sparsely punctate and with a few fine setae, with

numerous longitudinal wrinkles, apex interiorly near tarsal

articulation distinctly but bluntly truncate. Tarsomeres ven-

trally with sparse, short setae; metatarsomeres laterally and

dorsally carinate and with robust longitudinal wrinkles,

with a strongly serrated ridge ventrally, first metatarsomere

slightly longer than the two following tarsomeres com-

bined and twice as long as the upper tibial spur; mesotar-

someres weakly carinate laterally only, with fine punctures

and longitudinal wrinkles. Protibia long, bidentate, exter-

nal edge with numerous small teeth, anterior claws asym-

metrical, basal tooth of inner claw small but lobiform and

a quarter as long as the straight apical tooth.

Aedeagus: Fig. 2I-K. Habitus: Fig. 2L.

Diagnosis. Serica panwarensis sp. n. is in external and

genital morphology very similar to S. sudhausi Ahrens,

2005. The new taxon differs by its darker colour, slight-

ly larger body size and the shape of parameres. The left

paramere is almost half as long as the right (in S. sudhausi

only one third as long as right paramere) and narrowed

already before the middle; the right paramere is narrowed

more distally and abruptly toward apex.

Etymology. The species is named according to the village

in vicinity of the type locality, Panwar.

Serica (s. str.) chinhillensis sp. n. (Fig. 2E—H)

Type material examined. Holotype: 4 “Myanmar (Bur-

ma) Chin State; Chin Hills 30 miles camp (Orchid station)

24.-27.V1.2008 leg. M. Langer” (ZFMK). Paratypes. 1 3,

Description. Length: 8.8 mm, length of elytra: 6.2 mm,

width: 4.4 mm. Body oblong, dark brown, antenna and

legs yellowish, elytral striae and pronotal lateral margins

reddish brown, dorsal surface dull; frons, pronotum and

elytra with sparse, erect setae.

Labroclypeus distinctly wider than long, widest at base,

lateral margins moderately convex and convergent, ante-

rior angles weakly rounded, anteriorly not deeply but

widely sinuate medially, lateral margins moderately re-

flexed, anterior margin strongly reflexed; surface flat and

shiny, coarsely and densely punctate, with a few long, erect

setae behind the anterior margin; frontoclypeal suture in-

distinctly incised, slightly elevated and weakly convex;

©ZFMK

New species of Sericini from the Himalaya and adjacent mountains 145

smooth area anterior to eye large and flat, approximately

1.5 times as wide as long; ocular canthus moderately long

and slender (1/3 of ocular diameter), smooth, with one

short terminal seta. Frons completely dull and flat, with

fine and moderately dense punctures, with long, erect se-

tae beside the eyes and on the posterior part. Eyes large,

ratio diameter/ interocular width: 0.87. Antenna with ten

antennomeres; antennomeres three to five slightly wider

than long, antennomere six and seven transverse and short;

club with three antennomeres, twice as long as remain-

ing antennomeres combined and strongly reflexed out-

ward. Mentum weakly elevated, anteriorly flattened.

Labrum transverse, short, moderately produced, moder-

ately sinuate medially.

Pronotum transverse, widest at base, lateral margins al-

most straight and weakly convergent anteriorly, in ante-

rior quarter moderately convex, anterior angles weakly

produced, moderately rounded at the tip, posterior angles

weakly rounded, anterior margin medially with a broad

marginal line and strongly convexly produced medially;

surface not densely and finely punctate, a few larger punc-

tures with white, short and appressed setae, otherwise on-

ly with very minute setae in the punctures; anterior and

lateral borders long and densely setose; hypomeron not

carinate at base. Scutellum slender and long, triangular,

finely and moderately densely punctate, with a few minute

setae in the punctures.

Elytra oblong, widest at apical third, striae weakly im-

pressed, finely and densely punctate, intervals slightly con-

vex, with fine, moderately dense punctures concentrated

along striae, dark spots completely smooth, intervals with

fine, short, white setae which are sparsely scattered, su-

tural and lateral intervals with a few long, erect setae; epi-

pleural edge fine, ending at moderately curved external

apical angle of elytra, epipleura densely setose, apical bor-

der finely membranous, membranous rim composed of

fine microtrichomes (magnification 100x).

Ventral surface dull, finely and not densely punctate,

moderately densely setose, metacoxa glabrous, with a few

long setae only laterally; abdominal sternites finely and

densely punctuate, with a transverse row of coarse punc-

tures, each bearing a short seta. Mesosternum between

mesocoxae half as wide as the slender mesofemur. Ratio

of length of metepisternum/ metacoxa: 1/ 1.34. Pygidium

strongly convex and dull, finely and densely punctate,

smooth midline lacking, with dense setae, moderately long

ones mixed with long erect setae.

Legs very slender; femora with two longitudinal rows

of setae, coarsely and not densely punctate between the

rows, with robust setae on basal half; metafemur dull, an-

terior margin acute, without a continuously serrated line

behind anterior edge, posterior margin serrated ventrally

in apical half and not widened, completely serrated dor-

sally, in basal half with a few long setae which are half

as long as width of metafemur. Metatibia slender and long,

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

widest at apex, ratio of width/ length: 1/ 4.5, dorsally

sharply carinate, with two groups of spines, basal group

at half, apical group at three quarters of metatibial length,

basally with a few single, robust setae; longitudinally con-

cave externally, finely and sparsely punctate, with a few

irregular wrinkles on dorsal portion; ventral edge serrat-

ed, with two very widely separated robust setae inter-

spersed with two finer ones, medial face with a shallow

longitudinal groove medially, sparsely punctate and

along the dorsal margin with a row of very robust punc-

tures bearing each a short seta, apex interiorly near tarsal

articulation distinctly but bluntly truncate. Tarsomeres ven-

trally with sparse, very minute setae, dorsally smooth;

metatarsomeres laterally and dorsally carinate, with a

strongly serrated ridge ventrally, first metatarsomere as

long as the two following tarsomeres combined and twice

as long as the upper tibial spur; mesotarsomeres not car-

inate, punctures and wrinkles lacking. Protibia moderate-

ly long, bidentate, external edge with a few small teeth at

base, anterior claws symmetrical, basal tooth of inner claw

normally pointed as the external one.

Aedeagus: Fig. 2E—G. Habitus: Fig. 2H.

Variation Length: 8.8—10.1 mm, length of elytra: 6.2—7.0

mm, width: 4.4-5.2 mm. 9: larger (10.1 mm), antennal

club combined of three antennomeres, as long as the re-

maining antennomeres combined; ratio of width/ length

of metatibia: 1/ 4.2, eyes smaller: ratio diameter/ interoc-

ular width: 0.56.

Diagnosis. The new species differs from S. dolens Ahrens,

2005 by the symmetric protarsal claws and the different

shape of parameres. The right parameres is in S. chinhil-

lensis medially stronger narrowed (dorsal view) and api-

cally stronger pointed; the left paramere is much shorter

and stronger curved than in S. dolens.

Etymology. The name of the species is derived from its

occurrence in Chin Hills.

Serica (s. |.) langeri sp. n. (Fig. 2A—D)

Type material examined. Holotype: 3 “Myanmar (Bur-

ma) Provinz Kanchin State, Ca. 20 km N von Kanphant,

23.05.2006, 2180m, N25°43°30.2”? E098°23°35.3”’,

Nachtfang, leg. M. Langer, S. Naumann & S. Loffler Coll.

Michael Langer” (ZFMK). Paratypes: 9 4 same data as

holotype (ZFMK, CML).

Description. Length: 9.9 mm, length of elytra: 7.2 mm,

width: 5.3 mm. Body elongate egg-shaped, dark brown,

antenna yellowish, legs reddish brown, dorsal surface dull

and densely covered with short yellow setae being bent

backwards.

©OZFMK

146 Dirk Ahrens & Silvia Fabrizi

Fig. 3. A-—D. Serica scutellaris Arrow, 1946 (lectotype); E-H. S. davidkrali sp. n. (holotype); A, E. Aedeagus, left side lateral

view; C, G. Aedeagus, right side lateral view; B, F. parameres, dorsal view; D, H. Habitus. Scale: 0.5 mm. Habitus not to scale..

Labroclypeus subtrapezoidal, distinctly wider than

long, widest at base, lateral margins moderately convex

and strongly convergent anteriorly, anterior angles acute,

anteriorly deeply but not very widely sinuate medially,

margins moderately reflexed; surface flat and shiny,

coarsely and densely punctate, finely setose on posterior

half, anteriorly glabrous except a few robust, long, erect

setae behind the anterior margin; frontoclypeal suture fine-

ly incised, slightly elevated and weakly convex; smooth

area anterior to eye large and flat, approximately twice as

wide as long; ocular canthus moderately long and slen-

der (1/3 of ocular diameter), with a few fine punctures

bearing each a short seta. Frons completely dull and flat,

with fine and very dense punctures, evenly covered with

short yellow setae being bent backwards. Eyes moderate-

ly large, ratio diameter/ interocular width: 0.56. Antenna

with ten antennomeres; antennomeres three to five slight-

ly wider than long, antennomere six and seven transverse

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

and short; club with three antennomeres, 1.3 times as long

as remaining antennomeres combined and straight. Men-

tum weakly elevated, anteriorly flattened. Labrum trans-

verse, short, strongly produced along the middle, moder-

ately sinuate medially.

Pronotum subtrapezoidal, widest shortly before base,

lateral margins evenly convex and strongly convergent an-

teriorly, anterior angles distinctly produced and acute, pos-

terior angles strongly rounded, anterior margin medially

with a fine marginal line and convexly produced medial-

ly; surface densely and finely punctate, densely setose; lat-

eral borders sparsely setose; hypomeron not carinate at

base. Scutellum large, triangular, finely and very dense-

ly punctate, pilosity as in pronotum.

Elytra oval, strongly widened posteriorly, widest at api-

cal third, striae weakly impressed, finely and densely

punctate, intervals flat, with fine, very dense punctures,

dark spots with less dense punctures, intervals with fine,

OZFMK

New species of Sericini from the Himalaya and adjacent mountains 147

short pilosity as in pronotum, lateral intervals with a few

longer, erect setae; epipleural edge fine, ending at mod-

erately curved external apical angle of elytra, epipleura

densely setose, apical border with a fine membranous rim

composed of minute microtrichomes (magnification

100x).

Ventral surface dull, finely and densely punctate, includ-

ing metacoxa and abdominal sternites densely shortly se-

tose; abdominal sternites with a transverse row of coarse

punctures, each bearing a long seta. Mesosternum between

mesocoxae half as wide as the slender mesofemur. Ratio

of length of metepisternum/ metacoxa: 1/ 1.26. Pygidium

strongly convex and dull, finely and densely punctate,

smooth midline narrow, present only on posterior half,

with dense short setae, apically with a few long, erect se-

tae.

Legs slender; femora with two longitudinal rows of se-

tae, coarsely and densely punctate between the rows, with

robust setae on basal half; metafemur shiny, anterior mar-

gin acute, without a continuously serrated line behind an-

terior edge, posterior margin serrated ventrally in apical

half and not widened, completely serrated dorsally, in

basal half with a few long setae which are half as long as

width of metafemur. Metatibia slender and long, widest

shortly before apex, ratio of width/ length: 1/ 4.4, dorsal-

ly sharply carinate, with two groups of spines, basal group

at half, apical group at three quarters of metatibial length,

basally with a few single, robust setae; finely and sparse-

ly punctate externally, with a few irregular wrinkles on

dorsal portion; ventral edge serrated, with two very wide-

ly separated robust; medial face glabrous, with a number

of irregular wrinkles on dorsal portion, apex interiorly near

tarsal articulation distinctly but bluntly truncate. Tar-

someres ventrally with sparse, very minute setae, dorsal-

ly smooth; metatarsomeres laterally and dorsally carinate,

with a strongly serrated ridge ventrally, first metatarsomere

as long as the two following tarsomeres combined and

twice as long as the upper tibial spur; mesotarsomeres not

carinate, punctures and wrinkles lacking. Protibia mod-

erately long, bidentate, external edge with a few small

teeth at base, anterior claws symmetrical, basal tooth of

inner claw normally pointed as the external one.

Aedeagus: Fig. 2A—C. Habitus: Fig. 2D.

Variation. Length: 8.3—10.8 mm, length of elytra: 6.5—7.3

mm, width: 5.2-5.7 mm. Female unknown.

Diagnosis. The new species differs from S. deuvei Ahrens,

2005 by the different shape of parameres: the dorsal lobe

of the right paramere is narrower and distinctly longer, the

left paramere is dorsoventrally more extended and slight-

ly curved inward.

Etymology. The species is dedicated to its collector,

Michael Langer.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

Serica (s. |.) scutellaris Arrow, 1946 (Fig. 3A—D)

Serica scutellaris Arrow, 1946: 7.

Type material examined. Lectotype (here designated):

3 “N.E. Burma Kambaiti, 2000m 21/5.1934 Malaise/ Ty-

pus/ Serica scutellaris n.sp. Arrow” (NHRS). Paralecto-

type: | 92 “N.E. Burma Kambaiti, 2000m 29/5.1934

Malaise/ Allotypus/ Serica scutellaris n.sp. Arrow”

(NHRS), | 9 “Co-type/ 2/ N.E. Burma Kambaiti, 2000m

15/5.1934 Malaise/ N.E. Burma. E. Malaise B.M. 1945-

71./ Serica scutellaris co-type Arrow” (BMNH).

Additional material examined. | ¢ “Myanmar (Burma)

Provinz Kanchin State, Mt. Emaw Bum nach Kanphant,

28.05.2006, N26°09°23.2” E098°31°16.4” Waldcamp

Holzmeiler, leg. M. Langer, S. Naumann & S. Léffler Coll.

Michael Langer’ (ZFMK). Paratype: 1 4 “Myanmar (Bur-

ma) Provinz Kanchin State, Camp Wald, Strafe von

Kanphant zum Mt. Emaw Bum, 25.05.2006, 2400m,

N26°09°38.8” E098°30’53.5’, Nachtfang, leg. M. Langer,

S. Naumann & S. Loffler Coll. Michael Langer” (CML),

3 QQ “Myanmar (Burma) Provinz Kanchin State, Mt.

Emaw Bum nach Kanphant, 28.V.2006, leg. Michael Lan-

ger, Stefan Naumann & Swen L6ffler Coll. M. Langer/

Waldcamp Holzmeiler H= 2358m N26°09’23.2”

E098°3 1716.4” “ (CML, ZFMK).

Redescription of male. Length: 7.3 mm, length of ely-

tra: 5.3 mm, width: 4.3 mm. Body oval-elongate, brown,

antenna, legs and elytra yellowish brown, the latter with

numerous small, irregular dark spots, dorsal surface shiny,

head sparsely setose, dorsal face of pronotum and elytra

almost glabrous.

Labroclypeus subtrapezoidal, distinctly wider than

long, widest at base, lateral margins in basal half straight

and convergent, anteriorly stronger rounded, anterior an-

gles strongly rounded, anteriorly deeply sinuate medial-

ly, margins moderately reflexed; surface flat and shiny,

moderately and densely punctate, with a transverse row

of few erect setae behind anterior margin; frontoclypeal

suture distinctly incised, weakly elevated and slightly an-

gled medially; smooth area anterior to eye wide, nearly

flat, approximately 1.5 times as wide as long; ocular can-

thus short and narrow (1/4 of ocular diameter), impunc-

tate, with one short terminal seta. Frons completely shiny,

with moderately coarse, dense punctures, with a few erect

setae beside eyes and behind frontoclypeal suture. Eyes

moderately large, ratio diameter/ interocular width: 0.58.

Antenna with nine antennomeres; antennomeres three and

four longer than wide, antennomeres five and six trans-

verse, club with three antennomeres, 1.2 times as long as

the remaining antennomeres combined and _ straight.

Mentum elevated and slightly flattened anteriorly. Labrum

transverse, short, moderately produced medially, with deep

median sinuation.

OZFMK

148 Dirk Ahrens & Silvia Fabrizi

Pronotum subrectangular, widest at base, lateral margins

parallel, convex and strongly convergent in anterior third,

anterior angles moderately produced and blunt, posterior

angles blunt and only slightly rounded in the tip; anteri-

or margin with a fine marginal line, convexly produced

medially; surface densely and coarsely punctate, punctures

on sides with very minute setae; anterior and lateral bor-

der sparsely setose; hypomeron basally produced and dis-

tinctly carinate. Scutellum dull, slender and long, trian-

gular, with fine, dense punctures, glabrous.

Elytra oblong, widest at posterior quarter, striae indis-

tinctly impressed, finely and densely punctate, intervals

weakly convex, with fine, dense punctures concentrated

along striae, odd intervals with short, white appressed se-

tae; epipleural edge fine, ending at moderately curved ex-

ternal apical angle of elytra, epipleura sparsely setose, api-

cal border with fine fringe of microtrichomes (100x).

Ventral surface dull, finely and densely punctate, almost

glabrous, metacoxa without setae laterally; abdominal ster-

nites dull, finely and densely punctuate, with a transverse

row of coarse punctures, each bearing a short seta.

Mesosternum between mesocoxae half as wide as the slen-

der mesofemur. Ratio of length of metepisternum/ meta-

coxa: 1/ 1.27. Pygidium moderately convex and dull,

coarsely and densely punctate, with a narrow smooth mid-

line, with moderately dense and long setae, setae apical-

ly longer.

Legs slender; femora with two longitudinal rows of se-

tae, finely and sparsely punctate between the rows; metafe-

mur shiny, anterior margin acute, without a continuously

serrated line behind anterior edge, posterior margin ser-

rated ventrally in apical half and not widened, complete-

ly serrated dorsally, in basal half with a few long setae

which are half as long as width of metafemur. Metatibia

slender and not very long, widest at apex, ratio of width/

length: 1/ 3.9, dorsally moderately carinate, with two

groups of spines, basal one just before middle, apical

group at three quarters of metatibial length, basally with

a few fine, single setae; externally moderately longitudi-

nally concave, finely and sparsely punctate, without wrin-

kles; ventral edge finely serrated, with two widely sepa-

rated, more robust setae, medial face with fine, longitu-

dinally impressed and partly dense punctures, glabrous,

apex interiorly near tarsal articulation shallowly truncate.

Tarsomeres smooth, mesotarsomeres neither laterally nor

dorsally carinate, ventrally with sparse, short setae;

metatarsomeres laterally and dorsally moderately carinate,

ventrally with a strongly serrated ridge, first metatar-

somere distinctly shorter than the two following. tar-

someres combined and a third of its length longer than the

upper tibial spur. Protibia moderately long, bidentate, ex-

ternal margin at middle bluntly widened; anterior claws

symmetrical, basal tooth of inner claw truncate at apex.

Aedeagus: Fig. 3A—C. Habitus: Fig. 3D.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

Remarks. Serica scutellaris 1s in external shape similar

to the species of Serica (s. str.), but it differs by having

the hypomeron distinctly carinate. Since no holotype was

designated in the original publication the unique male syn-

type was designated as lectotype.

Variation. Length: 7.3—-8.4 mm, length of elytra: 5.3-6.1

mm, width: 4.3-4.4 mm. Female with only slightly small-

er eyes, ratio of ocular diameter/ interocular width: 0.58;

antennal club slightly shorter than the remaining anten-

nomeres combined.

Serica (s. |.) davidkrali sp. n. (Fig. 3E—H)

Type material examined. Holotype: ¢@ “Yunnan

2800-3000m 25.12N 100.24E Weibaoshan mts.

29. —30.6.92 David Kral leg./ Coll. David Kral, Praha/ 558

Sericini Asia spec.” (NMPC). Paratypes: 1 3, 1 2 “Yun-

nan 2800-3000m 25.12N 100.24E Weibaoshan mts.

29.-30.6.92 David Kral leg.” (NMPC), 2 dd, 1 9 “Yun-

nan 2800-3000m 25.12N 100.24E Weibaoshan mts.

29.—30/6.92 Vit Kuban leg.” (CA).

Description. Length: 7.8 mm, length of elytra: 5.4 mm,

width: 4.0 mm. Body oval-elongate, dark brown, anten-

na, legs and elytra yellowish brown, the latter with numer-

ous small, irregular dark spots, dorsal surface shiny, dor-

sal face sparsely setose.

Labroclypeus subtrapezoidal, slightly wider than long,

widest at base, lateral margins weakly convex and con-

vergent anteriorly, anterior angles strongly rounded, an-

teriorly deeply sinuate medially, margins moderately re-

flexed; surface flat and shiny, moderately and densely

punctate, with a few superficial transversal wrinkles lat-

erally, behind anterior margin with a transverse row of few

erect setae, otherwise glabrous; frontoclypeal suture dis-

tinctly incised and elevated, slightly angled medially;

smooth area anterior to eye wide, nearly flat, approximate-

ly 1.5 times as wide as long; ocular canthus short and nar-

row (1/5 of ocular diameter), impunctate, with one short

terminal seta. Frons completely shiny, with moderately

coarse, irregularly dense punctures, with a few erect se-

tae beside eyes. Eyes large, ratio diameter/ interocular

width: 0.81. Antenna with nine antennomeres; anten-

nomeres three and four longer than wide, antennomeres

five and six transverse, club with three antennomeres, 1.2

times as long as the remaining antennomeres combined

and straight. Mentum elevated and slightly flattened an-

teriorly. Labrum transverse, short, moderately produced

medially, with deep median sinuation.

Pronotum subrectangular, widest at base, lateral margins

parallel, convex and strongly convergent 1n anterior third,

anterior angles moderately produced and blunt, posterior

angles blunt and only slightly rounded in the tip; anteri-

©ZFMK

New species of Sericini from the Himalaya and adjacent mountains 149

or margin with a fine marginal line, convexly produced

medially; surface densely and coarsely punctate, shiny, be-

side the lateral and anterior margin narrowly dull, punc-

tures on sides with very minute setae; anterior and later-

al border sparsely setose; hypomeron basally produced and

distinctly carinate. Scutellum dull, slender and long, tri-

angular, with fine, dense punctures, glabrous.

Elytra oblong, widest at posterior quarter, striae indis-

tinctly impressed, finely and densely punctate, intervals

weakly convex, with fine, dense punctures concentrated

along striae, odd intervals with short, white appressed se-

tae; epipleural edge fine, ending at moderately curved ex-

ternal apical angle of elytra, epipleura densely setose, api-

cal border with fine fringe of microtrichomes (100x).

Ventral surface dull, finely and densely punctate, almost

glabrous, metacoxa without setae laterally; abdominal ster-

nites dull, finely and densely punctuate, with a transverse

row of coarse punctures, each bearing a short seta.

Mesosternum between mesocoxae half as wide as the slen-

der mesofemur. Ratio of length of metepisternum/ meta-

coxa: 1/ 1.22. Pygidium moderately convex and dull,

coarsely and densely punctate, with a narrow smooth mid-

line, with moderately dense and long setae, setae apical-

ly longer.

Legs slender; femora with two longitudinal rows of se-

tae, finely and sparsely punctate between the rows; metafe-

mur shiny, anterior margin acute, without a continuously

serrated line behind anterior edge, posterior margin ser-

rated ventrally in apical half and not widened, complete-

ly serrated dorsally, in basal half with a few long setae

which are half as long as width of metafemur. Metatibia

slender and long, widest at apex, ratio of width/ length:

1/ 4.7, dorsally moderately carinate only in apical third,

basally almost longitudinally convex, with two groups of

spines, basal one just before middle, apical group at three

quarters of metatibial length, basally with a few fine, sin-

gle setae; externally weakly longitudinally concave, fine-

ly and sparsely punctate, without wrinkles; ventral edge

finely serrated, with two widely separated, more robust

setae, between them a finer one at half of their distance;

medial face with sparse, fine, longitudinally impressed

punctures, glabrous, apex interiorly near tarsal articula-

tion shallowly truncate. Tarsomeres smooth, mesotar-

someres neither laterally nor dorsally carinate, ventrally

with sparse, short setae; metatarsomeres laterally and dor-

sally moderately carinate, ventrally with a strongly ser-

rated ridge, first metatarsomere distinctly shorter than the

two following tarsomeres combined and a third of its

length longer than the upper tibial spur. Protibia long,

bidentate, external margin at middle only weakly widened;

anterior claws symmetrical, basal tooth of inner claw trun-

cate at apex.

Aedeagus: Fig. 3E—G. Habitus: Fig. 3H.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

Diagnosis. Serica (s. 1.) davidkrali sp. n. is similar to Se-

rica (s. lL.) scutellaris. It differs by the larger eyes, the nar-

rower labroclypeus, its narrower metatibia and the longer

protibia lacking the blunt lateral median extension. Addi-

tionally, both differ significantly in shape of the aedeagus:

the lateral apophysis of phallobasis is evenly pointed in

S. davidkrali sp. n. while in S. scutellaris it is abruptly

rounded at apex; in S. scutellaris the right branch of the

right paramere is dorsoventrally more widened and abrupt-

ly narrowed before the apex, while in S. davidkrali sp. n.

it is fine and evenly narrowed towards the apex.

Variation. Length: 7.8—8.8 mm, length of elytra: 5.4—6.1

mm, width: 4.0-4.3 mm. Female slightly larger than male,

eyes smaller (ratio ocular diameter/ interocular width: 0.6).

Etymology. The species 1s dedicated to my friend, David

Kral, Prague, who was one of the collectors of this new

species.

Sericania khandbariensis sp. n. (Fig. 4A—D)

Type material examined. Holotype: ¢ “Nepal, Khand-

bari District/ For. NE Kuwapani 2500 m, 28.III.82 A. &

Z. Smetana” (CMNC). Paratypes: 1 ¢ “‘Nepal, Khandbari

District/ For. NE Kuwapani 2500 m, 25.]II.82 A. & Z.

Smetana” (CA), 1 9 “Nepal, Khandbari District Sagranti-

Kuwapani 2200-2400 m, 4.—6.IV.84 Smetana & Lobl”

(CMNC).

Description. Length: 6.5 mm, length of elytra: 4.9 mm,

width: 3.5 mm. Body oblong, yellowish brown, entirely

shiny, sparsely setose.

Labroclypeus distinctly wider than long, widest at base,

lateral margins moderately convex and convergent, ante-

riorly stronger rounded, anterior angles strongly rounded,

anteriorly weakly sinuate medially, margins moderately

reflexed; surface flat and moderately shiny, very coarse-

ly and densely punctate, with a transverse row of few erect

setae immediately behind anterior margin; frontoclypeal

suture indistinctly incised, not elevated and slightly an-

gled medially; smooth area anterior to eye wide, flat, ap-

proximately 1.5 times as wide as long; ocular canthus

moderately long and broad (1/3 of ocular diameter), dense-

ly and finely punctate, with one short terminal seta. Frons

with coarse, dense punctures and a few erect setae beside

eyes. Eyes moderately large, ratio diameter/ interocular

width: 0.59. Antenna with nine antennomeres; anten-

nomeres three to five longer than wide, antennomeres six

transverse, club with three antennomeres, twice as long

as the remaining antennomeres combined and weakly re-

flexed externally. Mentum elevated and slightly flattened

anteriorly. Labrum transverse, short, not produced medi-

ally, without median sinuation.

©ZFMK

150 Dirk Ahrens & Silvia Fabrizi

Fig. 4. A—D. Sericania khandbariensis sp. n. (holotype); E—-H. Gynaecoserica victori (holotype); I-L. G. aniniensis sp. n. (holo-

type); A, E, I. Aedeagus, left side lateral view; C, G, K. Aedeagus, right side lateral view; B, F, J. parameres, dorsal view; D, H,

L. Habitus. Scale: 0.5 mm. Habitus not to scale.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164 ©ZFMK

New species of Sericini from the Himalaya and adjacent mountains 151

Pronotum narrow, only little wider than long, widest at

base, lateral margins virtually subparallel in basal half,

slightly concavely sinuate between middle and basis, sides

convex at middle, straight and strongly convergent in an-

terior half, anterior angles moderately produced and acute,

posterior angles blunt and not rounded in the tip; anteri-

or margin with a fine marginal line, convexly moderate-

ly produced medially; surface very densely and coarsely

punctate, punctures fuse partly with each other on disc,

glabrous; lateral border sparsely setose; hypomeron

basally produced and distinctly carinate. Scutellum shiny,

slender and long, triangular, with coarse, dense punctures,

glabrous.

Elytra oblong, widest at middle, striae distinctly im-

pressed, finely and densely punctate, intervals moderate-

ly convex, with fine, dense punctures concentrated along

striae, glabrous, only with very minute setae in the punc-

tures, beside the Scutellum and on lateral intervals with

a few single, long, erect setae; epipleural edge fine, end-

ing at strongly curved external apical angle of elytra, epi-

pleura sparsely setose, apical border with fine fringe of

microtrichomes (100x).

Ventral surface shiny, coarsely and very densely punc-

tate, almost glabrous, metacoxa without setae laterally, on-

ly a few long setae on disc of metasternum; abdominal

sternites finely and densely punctuate, with a transverse

row of coarse punctures, each bearing a short seta.

Mesosternum between mesocoxae half as wide as the slen-

der mesofemur. Ratio of length of metepisternum/ meta-

coxa: 1/ 1.42. Pygidium strongly convex and shiny, coarse-

ly and not densely punctate, without smooth midline,

glabrous, only along the apical margin with long setae.

Legs slender; femora with two longitudinal rows of se-

tae, finely and sparsely punctate between the rows; metafe-

mur shiny, anterior margin acute, without a continuously

serrated line behind anterior edge, posterior margin ven-

trally smooth and not widened, completely serrated dor-

sally, in basal half with a few long setae which are one

third as long as width of metafemur. Metatibia slender and

not very long, widest at apex, ratio of width/ length: 1/

3.5, dorsally longitudinally convex, with two groups of

spines, basal one at the first quarter, apical group at two

thirds of metatibial length; externally longitudinally con-

vex, finely and moderately densely punctate, without wrin-

kles; ventral edge very finely serrated, with three robust

setae of which two apical ones are more widely separat-

ed; medial face with a few fine, longitudinally impressed

punctures, glabrous, apex interiorly near tarsal articula-

tion sharply and deeply truncate. Tarsomeres dorsally fine-

ly and densely punctate, neither laterally nor dorsally car-

inate, ventrally with sparse, short setae; metatarsomeres

ventrally with a strongly serrated ridge and beside it with

an additional fine carina, first metatarsomere slightly

longer than the following tarsomere and almost twice as

long as the upper tibial spur. Protibia moderately long,

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

bidentate; anterior claws symmetrical, basal tooth of in-

ner claw truncate at apex.

Aedeagus: Fig. 4A—C. Habitus: Fig. 4D.

Diagnosis. Sericania khandbariensis sp. n. 1s very simi-

lar to Sericania bhojpurensis Ahrens, 2004 in external and

genital morphology. The new taxon differs significantly

only in the shape of the parameres: the left paramere has

(in lateral view) a strongly developed median tooth that

is directed externally.

Variation. Length: 6.4—6.5 mm, length of elytra: 4.5-4.9

mm, width: 3.2—3.5 mm. Antennal club of female as long

as the remaining antennomeres combined.

Etymology. The species name is derived from name of

the district of the type locality.

Gynaecoserica victori sp. n. (Fig. 4E—H)

Type material examined. Holotype: ¢ “Bhutan: Pele La-

Pass, 27°33’N, 90°12’E 29-30.v1.2009, 3279m, leg. V. Si-

niaev” (ZFMK).

Description. Length: 5.8 mm, length of elytra: 4.4 mm,

width: 3.2 mm. Body oblong, dorsal surface brown with

the margins of pronotum lighter and numerous yellowish

dots on elytra, antenna and legs yellowish brown, dorsal

surface dull, sparsely setose.

Labroclypeus subrectangular, widest at base, lateral mar-

gins subparallel in basal third, anteriorly strongly round-

ed and convergent towards the strongly rounded anterior

angles, lateral border and ocular canthus producing a dis-

tinct blunt angle, margins moderately reflexed, anterior

margin shallowly sinuate medially; surface slightly con-

vex medially and shiny, finely and densely punctate, dis-

tance between punctures less than their diameter, with a

numerous coarser punctures each bearing a long, erect se-

ta; frontoclypeal suture distinctly incised and slightly el-

evated, strongly curved; smooth area in front of eye ap-

proximately as wide as long, strongly convex; ocular can-

thus moderately long and slender (1/3 of ocular diame-

ter), finely and densely punctate, with a short terminal se-

ta. Frons anteriorly shiny, in posterior quarter dull; on an-

terior shiny portion with coarse and dense punctures, be-

hind frontoclypeal suture and beside eyes with a few erect

setae, on posterior quarter punctures finer and sparser.

Eyes small, ratio of diameter/ interocular width: 0.53. An-

tenna yellow, with ten antennomeres; club with four an-

tennomeres, 1.5 times as long as the remaining anten-

nomeres combined. Mentum weakly elevated and flat-

tened anteriorly.

Pronotum widest at base, lateral margins straight and

subparallel in basal half, in anterior half weakly curved

OZFMK

152 Dirk Ahrens & Silvia Fabrizi

and stronger convergent anteriorly, anterior angles distinct-

ly produced and sharp, posterior angles blunt and distinct-

ly rounded at the tip, anterior margin convexly produced

medially, with a fine marginal line, basal margin without

marginal line; surface with moderately dense and fine

punctures, with sparse long setae, otherwise puncture with

very minute seta only; anterior and lateral borders dense-

ly setose; hypomeron distinctly margined at base but not

ventrally produced. Scutellum long and narrow, triangu-

lar, with fine and dense punctures, medially widely

smooth, with a few long setae.

Elytra oblong, widest at middle, with a large, round,

dark spot before apex, striae finely impressed and finely

densely punctate, intervals weakly convex, with fine,

sparsely scattered punctures concentrated along the stri-

ae, punctures with microscopic setae, odd intervals with

a few single robust white setae; interior apical angle of

elytra with a robust seta; epipleural edge fine, ending at

the strongly curved external apical angle of elytra, epipleu-

ra densely setaceous, apical border without short microtri-

chomes.

Ventral surface dull, with fine and moderately dense

punctures, sparsely setose, metacoxa only laterally with

a few robust setae; each abdominal sternite with indistinct

transverse row of coarse punctures bearing short setae be-

tween fine, dense punctation. Mesosternum between

mesocoxae as wide as mesofemur, with irregularly scat-

tered very strong setae. Ratio of length of metepisternum/

metacoxa: 1/ 1.34. Pygidium strongly convex at apex,

densely coarsely punctate, with a narrow impunctate line

along the middle, with numerous irregularly scattered,

long setae, otherwise with only very minute setae in each

puncture.

Legs slender and moderately long; femora dull, with two

longitudinal rows of setae, finely and sparsely punctate;

metafemur moderately shiny, sharply margined anterior-

ly and without a submarginal serrate line, posterior mar-

gin weakly convex and glabrous, its ventrally only weak-

ly widened in apical half and not serrate, dorsally very

finely serrate, with a few long setae. Metatibia slender and

moderately long, subequal in width behind anterior third,

ratio width/ length: 1/ 3.3, dorsally finely carinate, with

two groups of spines, basal one at one third, apical one at

two thirds of metatibial length, basally with a few single,

fine spines in the punctures; external face longitudinally

convex, with sparse, fine punctures, glabrous; ventrally

sharply carinate and finely serrate, with four strong equal-

ly distant spines; medially sparsely punctate, apex interi-

orly near tarsal articulation sharply and deeply truncate.

Tarsomeres dorsally glabrous, with a few fine superficial

punctures, ventrally with sparse, short setae; metatar-

someres ventrally with a strongly serrate ridge, beside it

with a fine longitudinal carina, first metatarsomere as long

as the following two tarsomeres combined and twice as

long as the upper tibial spur. Protibia moderately long,

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

bidentate, protarsal claws asymmetrical, basal tooth of in-

ternal claw bluntly truncated.

Aedeagus: Fig. 4E—G. Habitus: Fig. 4H.

Female unknown.

Diagnosis. Gynaecoserica victori sp. n. is in habitus and

shape of aedeagus very similar to G. variipennis. It may

be differentiated from the latter by having the parameres

narrower and the lateral apical apophysis of phallobasis

almost straight and more slender.

Etymology. Named in honour of the collector of this new

species, Victor Siniaev.

Gynaecoserica aniniensis sp. n. (Fig. 4I-L)

Type material examined. Holotype: ¢ “834621 India:

Arunachal Pradesh, Anini vicinity, 1700+-100m, 28°54”N,

95°56”E, L. Dembicky leg., 30—31.v.2007 Gynaecoseri-

ca spn2007_ Arun!” (ZFMK).

Description. Length: 6.0 mm, length of elytra: 3.9 mm,

width: 3.1 mm. Body oblong oval, entirely yellowish, be-

hind eyes and along the basal margin of pronotum and lat-

eral margins of elytra darker; dorsal surface shiny and

sparsely setose.

Labroclypeus widest at base, lateral margins very

strongly curved and convergent to strongly rounded an-

terior angles, lateral border and ocular canthus producing

a distinct blunt angle, margins weakly reflexed, anterior

margin medially feebly sinuate; surface medially weakly

convex, finely and very densely punctate, distance be-

tween punctures less than their diameter, with a few coarse

punctures immediately behind anterior margin bearing

short fine setae; frontoclypeal suture very indistinctly in-

cised and medially weakly curved; smooth area in front

of eye approximately 1.5 times as wide as long; ocular

canthus short and slender, sparsely punctate, with a fine

terminal seta. Frons shiny, with fine, sparse punctures,

with a few single setae beside the eyes. Eyes moderately

large, ratio of diameter/ interocular width: 0.64. Antenna

yellow, with ten antennomeres; club with four anten-

nomeres, club slightly shorter the remaining anten-

nomeres combined, sixth antennomere not transversely

produced. Mentum weakly elevated and flattened anteri-

orly.

Pronotum moderately wide, widest at base, lateral mar-

gins in basal half straight and an subparallel, in anterior

half moderately curved and convergent anteriorly towards

the strongly produced and sharp anterior angles, posteri-

or angles blunt, anterior margin almost not produced me-

dially, with a broad smooth marginal line, basal margin

without marginal line; surface with dense and coarse punc-

tures, without microscopic setae in punctures; anterior and

©ZFMK

New species of Sericini from the Himalaya and adjacent mountains 153

lateral borders sparsely setaceous; hypomeron distinctly

margined at base but not ventrally produced. Scutellum

narrowly triangular, with fine, dense punctures, at base

smooth medially, microscopic setae not present in the

punctures.

Elytra moderately long and oval, widest at middle, stri-

ae strongly impressed, coarsely and densely punctate, in-

tervals convex, with coarse and moderately dense punc-

tures concentrated along the striae, punctures without fine

microscopic setae, odd intervals with single coarse punc-

tures each bearing a white erect seta; interior apical an-

gle of elytra with a strong seta; epipleural edge fine end-

ing at the strongly curved external apical angle of elytra,

epipleura densely setaceous, apical border without short

microtrichomes.

Ventral surface dull, with fine and moderately dense

punctures, almost glabrous, metacoxa only laterally with

a few strong adjacent setae; each abdominal sternite with

indistinct transverse row of coarse punctures bearing short

setae between fine, dense punctation, last sternite 1.5 times

as long as the penultimate one. Mesosternum between

mesocoxae as wide as mesofemur, with irregularly scat-

tered very strong setae. Ratio of length of metepisternum/

metacoxa: |/ 1.3. Pygidium strongly convex, shiny, coarse-

ly and densely punctate, without smooth midline, along

the apical margin with moderately dense robust light se-

tae mixed with shorter fine ones.

Legs robust and moderately long; femora dull, with two

longitudinal rows of setae, finely and sparsely punctate;

metafemur shiny, sharply margined anteriorly and with-

out a submarginal serrate line, posterior margin weakly

convex and glabrous, ventrally only weakly widened in

apical half and not serrate, dorsally finely serrate, with

short setae. Metatibia slender and moderately long, widest

at apex, ratio width/ length: 1/ 4.0, dorsally in apical half

sharply edged, with two groups of spines, basal one at one

third, apical one at two thirds of metatibial length, basal-

ly with a few single, fine spines in the punctures; exter-

nal face longitudinally convex, with moderately dense and

coarse punctures, glabrous; ventrally sharply margined and

serrate, with three strong, not equally distant spines, in-

ternal face very sparsely punctate, apex interiorly near

tarsal articulation sharply and deeply truncate. Tar-

someres dorsally glabrous and impunctate, ventrally with

sparse, short setae; metatarsomeres ventrally with a strong-

ly serrate ridge, beside which is a fine longitudinal cari-

na, first metatarsomere as long as the following two tar-

someres combined and slightly less than twice as long as

the upper tibial spur. Protibia moderately long, bidentate,

protarsal claws symmetrical.

Aedeagus: Fig. 4I-K. Habitus: Fig. 4L.

Diagnosis. Gynaecoserica aniniensis sp. n. is externally

similar to the species of Leuroserica as well as to G. com-

pacta Ahrens & Fabrizi, 2009 and G. barclayi Ahrens &

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

Fabrizi, 2009 by the habitus and the shiny dorsal surface.

On the base of this latter character it may be differentiat-

ed from all other known dull Gynaecoserica species. The

new species differs significantly in the shape of aedeagus

from the above mentioned taxa, mainly by the very elon-

gated parameres being not fused mesoventrally, and the

very long lateral apophysis at the right apex of the phal-

lobasis. The large flattened lateral process of the on the

left side preapical phallobase common to all Leuroserica

species is absent.

Remarks. The holotypes of the new species was se-

quenced for the Cytochrome oxidase Subunit | gene, the

sequences will be deposited on Genbank with reference

to its extraction number (834621).

Etymology. Name derived from its type locality, Anini

(Arunachal Pradesh, India).

Lasioserica hamifer sp. n. (Fig. 5A—D)

Type material examined. Holotype: ¢ “Bhutan: Dung

Dung Nyelsa, 27°32’N, 90°11’E 1-3.vi1.2009, 2970m, leg.

V. Siniaev” (ZFMK). Paratype: | 2 same data as holo-

type (ZFMK).

Description. Length: 5.9 mm, length of elytra: 3.9 mm,

width: 3.2 mm. Body oblong, dark brown, antenna yel-

lowish brown, dorsal surface dull, labroclypeus and an-

terior frons shiny, densely covered with small white se-

tae.

Labroclypeus subtrapezoidal, widest at base, lateral mar-

gins moderately curved and strongly convergent toward

moderately rounded anterior angles, margins moderately

reflexed, anterior margin moderately sinuate medially; sur-

face flat and shiny, finely and densely punctate, with a few

long, erect setae behind the anterior margin; frontoclypeal

suture slightly elevate and weakly curved; smooth area in

front of eye three times as wide as long; ocular canthus

moderately long and slender (ca. 1/3 of ocular diameter),

smooth, with a short single terminal seta. Frons shiny on

anterior half, posterior half dull, with fine, dense punctures

and with minute setae in punctures, beside the eyes and

on posterior third with numerous longer setae that are bent

backwards. Eyes large, ratio of diameter/ interocular

width: 0.83. Antenna yellow, with ten antennomeres; club

with four antennomeres subequal in length, club little

longer than the remaining antennomeres combined. Men-

tum elevated and flattened anteriorly.

Pronotum moderately transverse, widest at base, later-

al margins weakly convex and slightly convergent ante-

riorly, in anterior quarter strongly curved and convergent

anteriorly, behind anterior angles convex, anterior angles

moderately produced and moderately acute, posterior an-

©ZFMK

154 Dirk Ahrens & Silvia Fabrizi

Fig. 5. A—D. Lasioserica hamifer sp. n. (holotype); E—H. L. (s. 1.) imminuta sp. n. (holotype); I-L. Amiserica michaeli sp. n. (ho-

lotype); A, E, I. Aedeagus, left side lateral view; C, G, K. Aedeagus, right side lateral view; B, F, J. parameres, dorsal view; D,

H, L. Habitus. Scale: 0.5 mm. Habitus not to scale.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164 ©ZFMK

New species of Sericini from the Himalaya and adjacent mountains 155

gles blunt, strongly rounded at the tip, anterior margin con-

vexly produced medially, with a indistinct and fine mar-

ginal line, basal margin without marginal line; surface with

dense and fine punctures, with moderately dense, fine

white setae that are bent backwards, without smooth mid-

line; anterior and lateral borders glabrous; hypomeron car-

inate but not produced ventrally. Scutellum long and nar-

row, apex weakly rounded, with fine, moderately dense

punctures, with minute setae in the punctures.

Elytra moderately oblong, widest just behind middle,

striae finely impressed and punctate, intervals weakly con-

vex, with sparse, fine punctures in major part concentrat-

ed along the striae, with minute, white adjacent setae in

the punctures, odd intervals with single some single,

longer setae; apical border with a fine rim of short mi-

crotrichomes.

Ventral surface dull, with fine and moderately dense

punctures, with sparse, short, adjacent setae; metacoxa

glabrous, laterally with some fine setae; abdominal ster-

nites finely and densely punctuate, with an indistinct trans-

verse row of coarse punctures, each bearing a robust short

seta, otherwise sternites glabrous, penultimate abdominal

sternite with a convex transverse elevation in its posteri-

or portion. Mesosternum between mesocoxae almost as

wide as mesofemur. Ratio of length of metepisternum/

metacoxa: 1/ 1.35. Pygidium moderately convex, with

fine, dense punctures bearing each a fine seta, without a

smooth midline, on posterior half with longer setae being

twice as long as the short ones.

Legs moderately slender; femora finely densely punc-

tate and glabrous, with two longitudinal rows of setae; an-

terior edge of metafemur acute, with an adjacent contin-

uously serrated line, posterior margin ventrally weakly

widened in apical half but not serrate, dorsally complete-

ly and finely serrate. Metatibia slender and short, widest

at apex, ratio width/ length: 1/ 3.1, distinctly carinate dor-

sally, with one group of spines only at 7/8 of metatibial

length, basally with a few single spines in punctures, be-

side dorsal margin with a continuously serrated line con-

vergent with dorsal margin behind apical group of

spines, between serrated line and dorsal margin finely

punctate and with a few minute setae; lateral face longi-

tudinally convex, with dense and fine punctures, along the

middle narrowly smooth; ventral edge serrated, with four

fine and long, equidistant spines, medial face finely and

sparsely punctate and punctures with minute setae, apex

interiorly near tarsal articulation weakly concavely trun-

cate. Tarsomeres dorsally sparsely punctate and finely se-

tose, ventrally with short, sparse setae; metatarsomeres

ventrally with a strongly serrated ridge, laterally not car-

inate, first metatarsomere as long as the following two tar-

someres combined and one third of its length longer than

the dorsal tibial spur. Protibia short, bidentate, protarsal

claws symmetrical, basal tooth of inner claw pointed.

Aedeagus: Fig. SA—C. Habitus: Fig. 5D.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

Diagnosis. Lasioserica hamifer sp. n. is in body shape,

colour and pilosity quite similar to L. nenya Ahrens, 1996,

however, genital morphology is divergent from all other

so far known Lasioserica species. The processes of later-

al apical phallobasis are symmetrical and the parameres

are almost of the same length, the dorsal apophysis on api-

cal phallobasis is short and evenly narrowed.

Variation. Length: 5.9 mm, length of elytra: 3.9 mm,

width: 3.2 mm. Antennal club of female composed of three

antennomeres, slightly shorter than the remaining anten-

nomeres combined.

Etymology. The name is derived from Latin, hamifer —

bearing a hook.

Lasioserica (Ss. 1.) imminuta sp. n. (Fig. 5E—-H)

Type material examined. Holotype: ¢ “Bhutan: Bumt-

hang, 27°31’N, 90°33’E 7—9.vi1.2009, 2420m, leg. V. Si-

niaev” (ZFMK).

Description. Length: 10.3 mm, length of elytra: 7.3 mm,

width: 5.5 mm. Body oblong, dark brown, legs, margins

of pronotum and striae of elytra reddish brown, antenna

yellowish brown, dorsal surface dull, almost glabrous,

labroclypeus and anterior frons shiny.

Labroclypeus subtrapezoidal, widest at base, lateral mar-

gins moderately curved and strongly convergent toward

weakly rounded anterior angles, margins moderately re-

flexed, anterior margin moderately sinuate medially; sur-

face flat and shiny, finely and very densely punctate, with

a few coarse punctures behind the anterior margin bear-

ing each a long, erect seta; frontoclypeal suture finely in-

cised but not elevate, weakly curved; smooth area in front

of eye three times as wide as long, flat; ocular canthus

short and wide (ca. 1/4 of ocular diameter), superficially

and finely punctate, with a short single terminal seta. Frons

shiny on anterior third, posteriorly dull, with fine, dense

punctures and with minute setae in punctures, beside the

eyes and on posterior third with a few longer erect setae.

Eyes moderately large, ratio of diameter/ interocular

width: 0.76. Antenna yellow, with ten antennomeres; club

with four antennomeres with the seventh antennomere

slightly shorter than the club, club little 1.5 times as long

as the remaining antennomeres combined. Mentum ele-

vated and flattened anteriorly.

Pronotum moderately transverse, widest at base, later-

al margins evenly moderately convex and convergent an-

teriorly, anterior angles moderately produced and moder-

ately acute, posterior strongly rounded, anterior margin

convexly produced medially, with a indistinct and fine

marginal line that is medially interrupted, basal margin

without marginal line; surface with dense and fine punc-

©OZFMK

156 Dirk Ahrens & Silvia Fabrizi

tures, with very minute setae in the punctures, otherwise

glabrous, without smooth midline; anterior and lateral bor-

ders sparsely setose; hypomeron carinate but not produced

ventrally. Scutellum long and narrow, apex weakly

rounded, with moderately coarse, dense punctures, with

minute setae in the punctures.

Elytra moderately oblong, widest in apical third, striae

distinctly impressed and punctate, intervals weakly con-

vex, with dense, fine punctures concentrated along the stri-

ae, only with very minute setae in the punctures, odd in-

tervals with single some single, long, appressed setae; api-

cal border with a fine rim of short microtrichomes.

Ventral surface dull, with fine and moderately dense

punctures, with sparse, short, adjacent setae; metacoxa

glabrous, laterally with some fine setae; abdominal ster-

nites finely and densely punctuate, with an indistinct trans-

verse row of coarse punctures, each bearing a robust short

seta, otherwise sternites minutely setose, penultimate ab-

dominal sternite flat. Mesosternum between mesocoxae

almost as wide as mesofemur. Ratio of length of metepis-

ternum/ metacoxa: |/ 1.37. Pygidium moderately convex,

with fine, dense punctures bearing each a minute seta,

without a smooth midline, along the posterior margin with

a few longer setae.

Legs moderately slender; femora finely densely punc-

tate and glabrous, with two longitudinal rows of setae; an-

terior edge of metafemur acute, with an adjacent contin-

uously serrated line, posterior margin ventrally weakly

widened in apical half and finely serrate at apex, dorsal-

ly completely and finely serrate. Metatibia slender and

short, widest at apex, ratio width/ length: 1/ 3.1, sharply

carinate dorsally, with one group of spines only at 4/5 of

metatibial length, basally with a few single spines in punc-

tures, beside dorsal margin with a almost continuously ser-

rated line convergent with the dorsal margin behind ap1-

cal group of spines, line shortly interrupted shortly behind

the middle, between serrated line and dorsal margin

sparsely finely punctate and with a few minute setae; lat-

eral face longitudinally convex, with dense and moderate-

ly coarse punctures; ventral edge serrated, with four fine

and long, equidistant spines, medial face finely and mod-

erately densely punctate, punctures with minute setae,

apex interiorly near tarsal articulation moderately concave-

ly truncate. Tarsomeres dorsally smooth and glabrous, ven-

trally with short, sparse setae; metatarsomeres ventrally

with a strongly serrated ridge, laterally not carinate, first

metatarsomere distinctly shorter than the following two

tarsomeres combined and one third of its length longer

than the dorsal tibial spur. Protibia short, bidentate, pro-

tarsal claws symmetrical, basal tooth of inner claw sim-

ply pointed.

Aedeagus: Fig. SE—G. Habitus: Fig. 5H.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

Diagnosis. Lasioserica imminuta sp. n. 1s very similar to

L. pacholatkoi Ahrens, 2000 in external appearance and

shape of male genitalia. Both share the right lateral apoph-

ysis of phallobase. L. imminuta sp. n. may be differenti-

ated from L. pacholatkoi by the much less extended me-

dian basal lobe of left paramere, the right paramere be-

ing less curved (lateral view), the lateral apical apophysis

of phallobasis being ventrally strongly sinuated at base and

with a small apical tooth being medially weakly produced,

and the lacking slightly pronounced pair of tubercles on

apical phallobasis (see Ahrens, 2000: 28, Fig. 26).

Etymology. The name is derived from Latin, imminutus,

reduced (with reference to the narrower parameres and lat-

eral apophysis of aedeagus, compared to L. pacholatkoi).

Amiserica michaeli sp. n. (Fig. 5I-L)

Type material examined. Holotype: ¢ “Myanmar (Bur-

ma) Chin State/ Chin Hills Umg. Kanpetlet Natmatoung

N.P. (NF) 23.V1.2008 leg. Michael Langer/ E093°57°

N21°13’ H= ca. 1500 m” (ZFMK). Paratypes: 14 ¢¢, 4

2° same data as holotype (CML, ZFMK), 6 dd “Myan-

mar (Burma) Chin State; Chin Hills 20 miles camp (Horn

Bird station) 27.-30.VI.2008 leg. M. Langer/

N21°25715.2” E093°47°21.5” H=2350 m (NF)” (CML,

ZFMK).

Description. Length: 5.2 mm, length of elytra: 3.6 mm,

width: 2.8 mm. Body oblong, dark brown, antenna and

legs as well stains on elytra yellowish brown, dorsal sur-

face dull, head shiny, surface sparsely covered with short

white setae.

Labroclypeus narrow compared to width of head, widest

at base, lateral margins straight and convergent toward

strongly rounded anterior angles, margins moderately re-

flexed, anterior margin weakly sinuate medially; surface

flat and shiny, coarsely and densely punctate, with a few

long, sparsely scattered, erect setae; frontoclypeal suture

slightly elevate and weakly curved; smooth area in front

of eye three times as wide as long, weakly convex; ocu-

lar canthus moderately long and slender (ca. 1/3 of ocu-

lar diameter), smooth, with a short single terminal seta.

Frons shiny, posterior quarter dull, with fine, dense punc-

tures, beside the eyes and on posterior third with a few

longer setae. Eyes very large, ratio of diameter/ interoc-

ular width: 0.92. Antenna yellow, with nine antennomeres;

club with three antennomeres, club 1.5 times as long as

the remaining antennomeres combined. Mentum elevat-

ed and flattened anteriorly.

Pronotum moderately transverse, widest before base, lat-

eral margins weakly but evenly convex and convergent an-

OZFMK

New species of Sericini from the Himalaya and adjacent mountains 157

teriorly, behind anterior angles convex and slightly nar-

rowed at base, anterior angles moderately produced and

blunt, posterior angles blunt, moderately rounded at the

tip, anterior margin convexly produced medially, with a

fine marginal line, basal margin without marginal line; sur-

face with dense and fine punctures, with fine white ap-

pressed setae in the punctures, without smooth midline;

anterior and lateral borders sparsely setose; hypomeron

carinate but not produced ventrally. Scutellum long and

narrow, apex weakly rounded, with fine, dense punctures,

with minute setae in the punctures.

Elytra moderately oblong, widest shortly behind mid-

dle, striae weakly impressed and finely punctate, intervals

flat, with sparse, fine punctures concentrated along the stri-

ae, dark brown spots impunctate, with minute, white ad-

jacent setae in the punctures, odd intervals as well the sec-

ond one with single some single, longer setae being in part

appressed in part bent backwards; apical border with a

very fine rim of short microtrichomes.

Ventral surface dull, with fine and moderately dense

punctures, with sparse, short, adjacent setae; metacoxa

glabrous, laterally with some fine setae; abdominal ster-

nites finely and densely punctuate, with an indistinct trans-

verse row of coarse punctures, each bearing a robust short

seta, otherwise sternites glabrous, penultimate abdominal

sternite with a transversely elevated in its posterior por-

tion with the elevation medially slightly impressed.

Mesosternum between mesocoxae almost as wide as

mesofemur. Ratio of length of metepisternum/ metacoxa:

1/ 1.38. Pygidium weakly convex, with fine, dense punc-

tures bearing each a fine, short seta, without a smooth mid-

line, along posterior margin with longer setae being twice

as long as the short ones.

Legs moderately slender; femora finely densely punc-

tate and glabrous, with two longitudinal rows of setae; an-

terior edge of metafemur acute, with an adjacent contin-

uously serrated line, posterior margin ventrally weakly

widened in apical half but not serrate, dorsally complete-

ly and finely serrate. Metatibia slender and short, widest

at apex, ratio width/ length: 1/ 3.5, sharply carinate dor-

sally, with one group of spines only at 4/5 of metatibial

length, basally with a few single spines in punctures, be-

side dorsal margin with a continuously serrated line con-

vergent with dorsal margin behind apical group of

spines, between serrated line and dorsal margin impunc-

tate; lateral face longitudinally convex, with dense and

coarse punctures, with short setae in the punctures; ven-

tral edge serrated, with two robust and long, widely spaced

spines; medial face finely and sparsely punctate and

glabrous, apex interiorly near tarsal articulation weakly

concavely truncate. Tarsomeres dorsally smooth, ventral-

ly with short, sparse setae; meso- and metatarsomeres dor-

sally sparsely punctate and finely setose, metatarsomeres

ventrally with a strongly serrated ridge, laterally not car-

inate, first metatarsomere as long as the following two tar-

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

someres combined and more than twice as long as the dor-

sal tibial spur. Protibia short, bidentate, medially bluntly

widened at middle of the external margin; protarsal claws

symmetrical, basal tooth of inner claw simply pointed.

Aedeagus: Fig. 5I-K. Habitus: Fig. 5L.

Diagnosis. Amiserica michaeli sp. n. is similar to A. in-

sperata (Brenske, 1898) in external appearance and shape

of male genitalia. A. michaeli sp. n. may be differentiat-

ed from A. insperata by the less dense dorsal pilosity, the

abruptly narrowed ventral apical incision of ventral phal-

lobasis, and the strongly curved apex of parameres (lat-

eral view).

Variation. Length: 4.8—5.8 mm, length of elytra: 3.44.0

mm, width: 2.7—3.1 mm. Female with an antennal club as

long as the remaining antennomeres combined and the

eyes distinctly smaller than in male (ratio of diameter/ in-

terocular width: 0.64).

Etymology. The species is dedicated to its collector,

Michael Langer.

Neoserica (s. 1.) kachinensis sp. n. (Fig. 6A—D)

Type material examined. Holotype: ¢ “Myanmar (Bur-

ma) Provinz Kanchin State, PafstraBe zum Mt. Emaw

Bum, 26—27.05.2006, 3008m, N26°10°31.9”

E098°30°03.4” Nachtfang, leg. M. Langer, S. Naumann

& S. Léffler Coll. Michael Langer” (ZFMK).

Description. Length: 10.0 mm, length of elytra: 7.2 mm,

width: 5.4 mm. Body oblong, dark brown, legs reddish

brown, antennal club yellowish brown, dorsal surface dull,

labroclypeus and anterior half of frons shiny, dorsal sur-

face nearly glabrous.

Labroclypeus subtrapezoidal, little wider than long,

widest at base, lateral margins convex and moderately con-

vergent anteriorly, anterior angles moderately rounded, an-

teriorly weakly sinuate medially, margins moderately re-

flexed; surface flat and shiny, coarsely and densely punc-

tate, glabrous, with a few single setae behind anterior mar-

gin; frontoclypeal suture indistinctly incised, not elevat-

ed and weakly angled medially; smooth area anterior to

eye wide, flat, approximately twice as wide as long; oc-

ular canthus moderately long and broad (1/3 of ocular di-

ameter), finely and sparsely punctate, with a terminal se-

ta. Frons on posterior half dull, on anterior half with fine

and moderately dense punctures, with a few single erect

setae beside each eye. Eyes moderately large, ratio diam-

eter/ interocular width: 0.7. Antenna with ten anten-

nomeres, club with four antennomeres and straight, 1.5

times as long as the remaining antennomeres combined.

Mentum elevated and slightly flattened anteriorly. Labrum

©OZFMK

158 Dirk Ahrens & Silvia Fabrizi

Fig. 6. A—D. Neoserica (s. |.) kachinensis sp. n. (holotype); E-H. N. (s. 1.) loeffleri sp. n. (holotype); A, E. Aedeagus, left side

lateral view; C, G. Aedeagus, right side lateral view; B, F. parameres, dorsal view; D, H. Habitus. Scale: 0.5 mm. Habitus not to

scale.

transverse, short, not produced medially, with weak me-

dian sinuation.

Pronotum moderately transverse, widest at base, later-

al margins nearly straight and convergent anteriorly in

basal half, moderately convex and strongly convergent an-

teriorly, anterior angles distinctly produced and slightly

rounded at tip, posterior angles almost right-angled and

moderately rounded at tip; anterior margin with a moder-

ately broad and complete marginal line, convexly pro-

duced medially; surface moderately densely and finely

punctate, punctures on sides with very minute setae; an-

terior and lateral border sparsely setose; hypomeron basal-

ly distinctly carinate. Scutellum slender and long, trian-

gular, with fine, dense punctures, glabrous.

Elytra oblong, widest in posterior third, striae weakly

impressed, finely and moderately densely punctate, inter-

vals weakly convex, with sparse, fine punctures concen-

trated along striae, odd intervals with few fine single se-

tae; epipleural edge fine, ending at moderately curved ex-

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

ternal apical angle of elytra, epipleura densely setose, api-

cal border with a fine fringe of microtrichomes (100x).

Ventral surface dull, finely and densely punctate,

metasternum sparsely covered with short fine or only very

minute setae, metacoxa glabrous, with a few single setae

laterally; abdominal sternites finely and densely punctu-

ate, covered with short fine pilosity, and with a transverse

row of coarse punctures, each bearing a robust short se-

ta. Mesosternum between mesocoxae half as wide as the

slender mesofemur. Ratio of length of metepisternum/

metacoxa: 1/ 1.51. Pygidium strongly convex and dull,

coarsely and densely punctate, without smooth midline,

with dense, erect setae.

Legs slender; femora with two longitudinal rows of se-

tae, finely and sparsely punctate between the rows; metafe-

mur moderately shiny, anterior margin acute, behind an-

terior edge without serrated line, posterior margin in api-

cal half ventrally smooth and only weakly widened, pos-

terior margin dorsally also smooth, on its basal portion

©OZFMK

New species of Sericini from the Himalaya and adjacent mountains 159

with a numerous very long setae being nearly subequal

to width of metafemur. Metatibia slender and moderate-

ly long, widest at apex, ratio of width/ length: 1/ 3.7, dor-

sally weakly longitudinally carinate, with two groups of

spines, basal group just before the middle, apical group

at three quarters of metatibial length, basally with a few

short single setae on a weak square-edged carina; exter-

nally longitudinally convex, finely and sparsely punctate;

ventral edge finely serrated, with four robust equidistant

setae, medial face with a few sparse punctures, glabrous,

apex interiorly near tarsal articulation deeply truncate. Tar-

someres ventrally with sparse, short setae, not carinate lat-

erally nor dorsally, smooth; metatarsomeres with a

strongly serrated ridge ventrally, smooth, first metatar-

somere a little shorter than the two following tarsomeres

combined and a third of its length longer than the upper

tibial spur. Protibia moderately long, bidentate; anterior

claws symmetrical, basal tooth of inner claw sharply trun-

cate at apex.

Aedeagus: Fig. 6A—C. Habitus: Fig. 6D.

Female unknown.

Diagnosis. Neoserica kanchingensis sp. n. is very simi-

lar to Neoserica lenangensis Ahrens & Fabrizi, 2009 and

N. sladeni Ahrens, 2004 in external and genital morphol-

ogy. The new species differs principally in the shape of

the parameres: they are much shorter than in both species,

being somewhat hammer-like shaped and distally strong-

ly widened.

Etymology. Named after its occurrence in Kanching state

(Myanmar).

Neoserica (s. |.) loeffleri sp. n. (Fig. 6E—H)

Type material examined. Holotype: 4 “Myanmar (Bur-

ma) Provinz Kanchin State, Camp Wald, StraBe von

Kanphant zum Mt. Emaw Bum, 25.05.2006, 2400m,

N26°09°38.8” E098°30°53.5’, Nachtfang, leg. M. Langer,

S. Naumann & S. Loffler Coll. Michael Langer” (ZFMK).

Description. Length: 9.0 mm, length of elytra: 6.4 mm,

width: 4.6 mm. Body oblong, dark brown, legs reddish

brown, antennal club yellowish brown, dorsal surface dull,

labroclypeus and anterior half of frons shiny, dorsal sur-

face nearly glabrous.

Labroclypeus narrowly subtrapezoidal, little wider

than long, widest at base, lateral margins weakly convex

and moderately convergent anteriorly, anterior angles

strongly rounded, anteriorly weakly sinuate medially, mar-

gins moderately reflexed; surface flat and shiny, coarse-

ly and densely punctate, glabrous, with a few single se-

tae behind anterior margin; frontoclypeal suture distinct-

ly incised and elevated, weakly angled medially; smooth

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

area anterior to eye wide, moderately convex, approxi-

mately three times as wide as long; ocular canthus long

and slender (1/3 of ocular diameter), glabrous and

smooth, with a terminal seta. Frons on posterior half dull,

on anterior half with fine and moderately dense punctures,

with minute setae in the punctures and a few single erect

setae beside each eye. Eyes large, ratio diameter/ interoc-

ular width: 0.84. Antenna with ten antennomeres, club

with four antennomeres and weakly curved, 1.5 times as

long as the remaining antennomeres combined. Mentum

elevated and slightly flattened anteriorly. Labrum trans-

verse, short, not produced medially, with weak median sin-

uation.

Pronotum narrow, widest at base, lateral margins near-

ly straight and convergent anteriorly in basal half, weak-

ly convex and convergent anteriorly, anterior angles dis-

tinctly produced and acute, slightly concavely sinuate be-

hind apex, posterior angles almost right-angled and mod-

erately rounded at tip; anterior margin with a fine and com-

plete marginal line, convexly produced medially; surface

moderately densely and finely punctate, punctures with

very minute setae; anterior and lateral border sparsely se-

tose; hypomeron basally distinctly carinate. Scutellum

slender and long, triangular, with fine, dense punctures,

with a few very minute setae.

Elytra oblong, widest in posterior third, striae weakly

impressed, finely and moderately densely punctate, inter-

vals weakly convex, with sparse, fine punctures concen-

trated along striae, odd intervals with few fine single se-

tae; epipleural edge fine, ending at moderately curved ex-

ternal apical angle of elytra, epipleura densely setose, api-

cal border with a very fine fringe of microtrichomes

(100x).

Ventral surface dull, finely and densely punctate,

metasternum sparsely covered with short fine or only very

minute setae, metacoxa glabrous, with a few single setae

laterally; abdominal sternites finely and densely punctu-

ate, covered with short fine pilosity, and with a transverse

row of coarse punctures, each bearing a robust short se-

ta. Mesosternum between mesocoxae half as wide as the

slender mesofemur. Ratio of length of metepisternum/

metacoxa: 1/ 1.23. Pygidium moderately convex and dull,

coarsely and densely punctate, without smooth midline,

with minute setae in the punctures and sparse, erect se-

tae.

Legs slender; femora with two longitudinal rows of se-

tae, finely and sparsely punctate between the rows; metafe-

mur moderately shiny, anterior margin acute, behind an-

terior edge without serrated line, posterior margin in api-

cal half ventrally smooth and only weakly widened, pos-

terior margin dorsally also smooth, on its basal portion

with a numerous very long setae being nearly subequal

to width of metafemur. Metatibia slender and moderate-

ly long, widest at apex, ratio of width/ length: 1/ 3.75, dor-

sally weakly longitudinally carinate, with two groups of

©ZFMK

160 Dirk Ahrens & Silvia Fabrizi

spines, basal group just before the middle, apical group

at three quarters of metatibial length, basally with a few

short single setae on a weak square-edged carina; exter-

nally longitudinally convex, finely and moderately dense-

ly punctate; ventral edge finely serrated, with four robust

equidistant setae, medial face with a few sparse punctures,

glabrous, apex interiorly near tarsal articulation deeply

truncate. Tarsomeres ventrally with sparse, short setae, not

carinate laterally nor dorsally, smooth; metatarsomeres

with a strongly serrated ridge ventrally, smooth, first

metatarsomere a little shorter than the two following tar-

someres combined and twice as long as than the upper tib-

ial spur. Protibia moderately long, bidentate; anterior claws

symmetrical, basal tooth of inner claw sharply truncate at

apex.

Aedeagus: Fig. 6E—G. Habitus: Fig. 6H.

Female unknown.

Diagnosis. Neoserica loeffleri sp. n. is similar to Neoser-

ica kanchingensis sp. n. in external morphology. The new

species differs principally in the shape of aedeagus: the

dorsal apical apophysis is absent and the symmetrical para-

meres are longer than wide and almost evenly narrowed

towards the apex (lateral view).

Etymology. Named after one of its collectors, S. Loffler.

4. NEW RECORDS

Serica (s. str.) thibetana (Brenske, 1897)

Material examined. 6 ex. “Myanmar (Burma) Provinz

Kanchin State, PafstraBe zum Mt. Emaw Bum,

26-27.05.2006, 3008m, N26°10°31.9” E098°30°03.4”

Nachtfang, leg. M. Langer, S. Naumann & S. Loffler Coll.

Michael Langer” (CML), 7 ex. “Bhutan: Chile La-Pass,

27°22’N, 89°21’E 13-16.vii.2009, 3595m, leg. V. Sinia-

ev” (ZFMK), 2 ex. “Bhutan: Pele La-Pass, 27°33’N,

90°12’E 29-30.v1.2009, 3279m, leg. V. Siniaev” (ZFMK),

6 ex. “Karnali P., Jumla D., Gothichaur valley, forest camp,

2850m NN, 06.VI.2007, 29°11°54”N, 82°18736”E, leg.

M. Hartmann, LF+HF” (NME).

Serica (s. str.) rectidens Ahrens & Fabrizi, 2009

Material examined. 4 ex. “Bhutan: Pele La-Pass,

27°33’N, 90°12’E 17.vii.2009, 3279m leg. V. Siniaev”

(ZFMK), 22 ex. “Bhutan: Pele La-Pass, 27°33’N, 90°12’E

29-30.vi.2009, 3279m, leg. V. Siniaev” (ZFMK).

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

Serica (s. str.) lepidula Ahrens, 2005

Material examined. 4 ex. “Myanmar (Burma) Provinz

Kanchin State, Mt. Emaw Bum nach Kanphant,

28.05.2006, N26°09°23.2” E098°31°16.4” Waldcamp

Holzmeiler, leg. M. Langer, S. Naumann & S. Loffler Coll.

Michael Langer” (CML), 3 ex. “Myanmar (Burma) Pro-

vinz Kanchin State, Camp Wald, Strafe von Kanphant

zum Mt. Emaw Bum, 25.05.2006, 2400m, N26°09’38.8”’

E098°30°53.5’, Nachtfang, leg. M. Langer, S. Naumann

& S. Loffler Coll. Michael Langer” (CML), | ex. “Myan-

mar (Burma) Chin State; Chin Hills 30 miles camp (Or-

chid station) 24.—27.V1.2008 leg. M. Langer” (CML).

Serica (s. str.) nepalensis (Frey, 1969)

Material examined. | ¢ “Loc. no. 34, Dolakha Deora-

li-Shivalaya 2705—1770m 12.5.2000/ Nepal Expedition A.

Konstantinov, S. Lingafelter, M. Volkovitsch 2000”

(ZIN), 3 22 “Loc. no. 33, Dolakha Deorali env. ca.

2700m 11.5.2000/ Nepal Expedition A. Konstantinoy, S.

Lingafelter, M. Volkovitsch 2000” (ZIN).

Serica (s. str.) eberti (Frey, 1965)

Material examined. | 4, 2 2° “Loc. no. 30, Sindhu-Pal.

30 km ESE of Khadichaur 27°40.93’N, 85°55.92’E

2595m, 8.05.2000/Nepal Expedition A. Konstantinoy, S.

Lingafelter, M. Volkovitsch 2000” (ZIN), 1 ¢, 2 29 “Loe.

no. 32, Dolakha Shivalaya-Deorali 1770—2705m

10.5.2000/ Nepal Expedition A. Konstantinov, S. Lingafel-

ter, M. Volkovitsch 2000” (ZIN), 1 3 “Loc. no. 34,

Dolakha Deorali-Shivalaya 2705—-1770m 12.5.2000/

Nepal Expedition A. Konstantinoyv, S. Lingafelter, M.

Volkovitsch 2000” (ZIN), 2 2 9 “Loc. no. 33, Dolakha De-

orali env. ca. 2700m 11.5.2000/ Nepal Expedition A. Kon-

stantinov, S. Lingafelter, M. Volkovitsch 2000” (ZIN), 3

ex. “Bhutan: Chile La-Pass, 27°22’N, 89°21’E

13—16.vu1.2009, 3595m, leg. V. Siniaev” (ZFMK), 5 ex.

“ Bhutan: Pele La-Pass, 27°33’N, 90°12’E 17.vii.2009,

3279mleg. V. Siniaev” (ZFMK), 1 ex. (2) “ Bhutan:

Bumthang, 27°31’N, 90°33’°E 7—9.vu1.2009, 2420m, leg.

V. Siniaev” (ZFMK), 7 ex. “ Bhutan: Pele La-Pass,

27°33’N, 90°12’E 29-30.vi.2009, 3279m, leg. V. Sinia-

ev” (ZFMK), | ex. “Karnali P., Jumla D., Gothichaur val-

ley, forest camp, 2850m NN, 06.VI.2007, 29°11°54”N,

82°18°36”E, leg. M. Hartmann, LF+HF” (NME).

©ZFMK

New species of Sericini from the Himalaya and adjacent mountains 16]

Serica (s. str.) filitarsata Ahrens, 1999

Material examined. 4 ex. “Bhutan: Chile La-Pass,

27°22’N, 89°21’E 13—16.vii.2009, 3595m, leg. V. Sinia-

ev’ (ZFMK), 1 ex. Bhutan: “Bumthang, 27°31’N,

90°33°E 7—9.vi1.2009, 2420m, leg. V. Siniaev” (ZFMK).

Serica (Ss. str.) angustatotibialis Ahrens, 1999

Material examined. | ex. “Bhutan: Chile La-Pass,

27°22’N, 89°21’E 13—16.vii.2009, 3595m, leg. V. Sinia-

ev” (ZFMK).

Serica (Ss. str.) khaijiaris Mittal, 1988

Material examined. | ex. (@) “Bhutan: Dung Dung Ny-

elsa, 27°32’N, 90°11’E 1-3.vii.2009, 2970m, leg. V. Si-

niaev” (ZFMK), 2 ex. (2) “ Bhutan: Pele La-Pass,

27°332N, 90°12°E 17.vi.2009, 3279m leg. V. Siniaev”

(ZFMK), 2 ex. (2) “Bhutan: Trongsa, 8 km E Chenberi,

27°27 N, 90°23’E 4—6.vii.2009, 2420m, leg. V. Siniaev”

(ZFMK).

Serica (s. str.) khasiana (Moser, 1918)

Material examined. 2 ex. “Karnali P., Jumla D.,

Gothichaur valley, forest camp, 2850m NN, 06.VI.2007,

29°11°54”N, 82°18°36”E, leg. M. Hartmann, LF+HF”

(NME).

Serica sticta Ahrens & Fabrizi, 2009

Material examined. | ex. (2) “Bhutan: Trongsa, 8 km E

Chenberi, 27°27’N, 90°23’E 4-6.vu1.2009, 2420m, leg. V.

Siniaev” (CA).

Serica karnaliensis Ahrens, 1999

Material examined. 4 ex. “Karnali P., Jumla D.,

Gothichaur valley, forest camp, 2850m NN, 06.V1I.2007,

29°11’54”N, 82°18736”E, leg. M. Hartmann, LF+HF”

(NME).

Pachyserica collaris Ahrens, 2006

Material examined. 6 ex. “Myanmar (Burma) Chin State;

Chin Hills 20 miles camp (Horn Bird station)

27.-30.V1.2008 leg. M. Langer/ N21°25’15.2”

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

E093°47°21.5”” H=2350 m (NF)” (CML, ZFMK), 6 ex.

(2) “Myanmar (Burma) Chin State; Chin Hills 30 miles

camp (Orchid station) 24.-27.VI.2008 leg. M. Langer/

N21°29°47.0” E093°47°21.9”" H=2495 m (NF)” (CML,

ZFMK), 2 ex. “Myanmar (Burma) Chin State: Chin Hills

Avocado Plantage 30.VI.—01.VIH.2008 leg. M. Langer/

N21°23734.7” E093°52’29.4” H = 1914m (NF)” (CML).

Pachyserica olafi Ahrens, 2004

Material examined. | 4, 1 9 “Loc. no. 35, Dolakha Shiv-

alaya-Jiri 1700—2220-1955m, 27°36.61’N, 86°17.55’E

12.05.2000/ Nepal Expedition A. Konstantinov, S. Lin-

gafelter, M. Volkovitsch 2000” (ZIN).

Gynaecoserica alma Ahrens & Fabrizi, 2009

Material examined. 4 ex. “Myanmar (Burma) Provinz

Kanchin State, Camp Wald, Strafie von Kanphant zum Mt.

Emaw Bum, 25.05.2006, 2400m, N26°09°38.8”

E098°30’53.5’, Nachtfang, leg. M. Langer, S. Naumann

& S. Loffler Coll. Michael Langer” (CA, CML), 2 ex.

“Myanmar (Burma) Provinz Kanchin State, Mt. Emaw

Bum nach Kanphant, 28.V.2006, leg. Michael Langer, Ste-

fan Naumann & Swen L6ffler Coll. M. Langer/ Nachtfang/

2240 m N26°09’23.2” E098°31°16.4” “ (CML).

Lasioserica maculata ssp. jiriana Ahrens, 1996

Material examined. | ¢ “Loc. no. 34, Dolakha Deora-

li-Shivalaya 2705—1770m 12.5.2000/ Nepal Expedition A.

Konstantinov, S. Lingafelter, M. Volkovitsch 2000”

(ZIN).

Lasioserica brevipilosa Moser, 1919

Material examined. | ex. “Myanmar (Burma) Provinz

Kanchin State, ca. 20km N von Panwar, 23.V.2006, leg.

Michael Langer, Stefan Naumann & Swen L6ffler Coll.

M. Langer/ Nachtfang/ 2180 m N25°43730.2”

E098°23735.3” “ (CML).

Amiserica insperata (Brenske, 1898)

Material examined. 39 ex. “Myanmar (Burma) Chin

State; Chin Hills 30 miles camp (Orchid station)

24.-27.V1.2008 leg. M. Langer/ N21°29°47.0”

E093°47’21.9”? H=2495 m (NF)” (CML, ZFMK), 1 ex.

“Myanmar (Burma) Chin State: Chin Hills Avocado Plan-

tage 30.VI.—01.VII.2008 leg. M. Langer/ N21°23734.7”

©ZFMK

162 Dirk Ahrens & Silvia Fabrizi

E093°52°29.4” H = 1914m (NF)” (ZFMK), 21 ex. “Myan-

mar (Burma) Chin State; Chin Hills 20 miles camp (Horn

Bird station) 27—30.VI.2008 leg. M. Langer/

N21°25715.2”” E093°47°21.5”” H=2350 m (NF)” (CML,

ZFMK), 1 ex (@) “Myanmar (Burma) Chin State/ Chin

Hills Umg. Kanpetlet Natmatoung N.P. (NF) 23.VI.2008

leg. Michael Langer/ E093°57’ N21°13’ H= ca. 1500 m”

(CML).

Amiserica krausei Ahrens, 2004

Material examined. | < “Loc. no. 7 Kaski Thulkharka

Austrain camp, Lumle, 2140m, 22.04. 28°18.25’N,

83°49.74’E/ Nepal Expedition A. Konstantinov, S. Lin-

gafelter, M. Volkovitsch 2000” (ZIN).

Amiserica costulata (Frey, 1969)

Material examined. | ¢ “Loc. no. 19, Rasuwa Langtang

N.P:. Dhunche 28°06,09°N, 85°18.73°E 1950m

30.04.2000/ Nepal Expedition A. Konstantinov, S. Linga-

felter, M. Volkovitsch 2000” (ZIN), 1 ¢ “Loc. no. 33, Do-

lakha Deorali env. ca. 2700m 11.5.2000/ Nepal Expedi-

tion A. Konstantinov, S. Lingafelter, M. Volkovitsch 2000”

(ZIN), 1 9 “Loc. no. 30, Sindhu-Pal. 30 km ESE of Kha-

dichaur 27°40.93’N, 85°55.92°E 2595m, 8.05.2000/Ne-

pal Expedition A. Konstantinov, S. Lingafelter, M. Vol-

kovitsch 2000” (ZIN).

Neoserica (s. 1.) matura Ahrens, 2004

Material examined. | @ “Loc. no. 36, Dolakha Jiri-Cha-

rikot 27°37.63’N, 86°05.38’E 13.5.2000/ Nepal Expedi-

tion A. Konstantinov, S. Lingafelter, M. Volkovitsch 2000”

(ZIN).

Maladera dierli (Frey, 1969)

Material examined. | ¢ “Loc. no. 34, Dolakha Deora-

li-Shivalaya 2705—1770m 12.5.2000/ Nepal Expedition A.

Konstantinov, S. Lingafelter, M. Volkovitsch 2000”

(ZIN).

Maladera quinquidens (Brenske, 1896)

Material examined. 2 3 “Loc. no. 36, Dolakha Jiri-

Charikot 27°37.63’N, 86°05.38’E 13.5.2000/ Nepal Ex-

pedition A. Konstantinov, S. Lingafelter, M. Volkovitsch

2000” (ZIN).

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

Maladera prenai Ahrens, 2004

Material examined. | ex. “Bhutan: Dung Dung Nyelsa,

27°32’N, 90°11’E 1-3.vii.2009, 2970m, leg. V. Siniaev”

(ZFMK), 1 ex. “Bhutan: Trongsa, 8 km E Chenberi,

27°27’ N, 90°23’E 4—6.vii.2009, 2420m, leg. V. Siniaev”

(ZFMK).

Maladera bagmatiensis Ahrens, 2004

Material examined. 2 99 “Loc. no. 36, Dolakha Jiri-

Charikot 27°37.63’N, 86°05.38’E 13.5.2000/ Nepal Ex-

pedition A. Konstantinov, S. Lingafelter, M. Volkovitsch

2000” (ZIN),

Maladera simlana (Brenske, 1898)

Material examined. | 9 “Loc. no. 35, Dolakha Shivala-

ya-Jiri 1700—2220-1955m, 27°36.61’N, 86°17.55’E

12.05.2000/ Nepal Expedition A. Konstantinov, S. Linga-

felter, M. Volkovitsch 2000” (ZIN).

Maladera himalaica ssp. incola Ahrens, 2004

Material examined. | <4 “Loc. no. 35, Dolakha Shivala-

ya-Jiri 1700—2220-1955m, 27°36.61’N, 86°17.55’E

12.05.2000/ Nepal Expedition A. Konstantinov, S. Linga-

felter, M. Volkovitsch 2000” (ZIN).

Maladera sprecherae Ahrens, 2004

Material examined. 22 ex. “Bhutan: Trongsa, 8 km E

Chenberi, 27°27’°N, 90°23’E 4—6.vii.2009, 2420m, leg. V.

Siniaev” (ZFMK).

Maladera siwalikiana Ahrens, 2004

Material examined. 6 ex. “Nepal: Narayani Dist., Chit-

wan, Sauraha vill. 160m 27.35N 84.30E [GPS] env.

09.-17.VII.2009 NME Expedition (NME).

Oxyserica pygidialis annapurnae (Ahrens, 1995)

Material examined. 1 ¢ “Loc. no 20, Langtang N.P.

Dhunche-ShinGompa 28°06.63°N, 85°20.47°E

1950-3250m, 1.05.2000/ Nepal Expedition A. Konstan-

tinov, S. Lingafelter, M. Volkovitsch 2000” (ZIN), 467 ex.

“Nepal: Manaslu Mts. NE slope, Bhudi Gandaki valley

©ZFMK

New species of Sericini from the Himalaya and adjacent mountains 163

above Prok, 2950m, 28°30°42”N, 84°49’52”E, 27.5.2006

leg. J. Schmidt” (NME, ZFMK).

Oxyserica bimaculata (Hope, 1831)

Material examined. 2 ¢¢, 7 2 “Loc. no. 35, Dolakha

Shivalaya-Jiri 1700—2220-1955m, 27°36.61’N,

86°17.55°E 12.05.2000/ Nepal Expedition A. Konstanti-

nov, S. Lingafelter, M. Volkovitsch 2000” (ZIN), 4 3,

1 2 “Loe. no. 32, Dolakha Shivalaya-Deorali

1770-2705m 10.5.2000/ Nepal Expedition A. Konstanti-

nov, S. Lingafelter, M. Volkovitsch 2000” (ZIN), 1 3, 1

Q@ “Loc. no. 31, Dolakha _ Jiri-Shivalaya

1995—2220-1700m, 27°36.61’N, 86°17.55’E 09.5.2000/

Nepal Expedition A. Konstantinov, S. Lingafelter, M.

Volkovitsch 2000” (ZIN).

Microserica schulzei Ahrens, 1998

Material examined. | ¢, 3 2 “Loc no. 8 Kaski Phewa

Tal Lake, Pokhara env. 23.04.2000 28°12.60’N,

83°57.70’E/ Nepal Expedition A. Konstantinov, S. Lin-

gafelter, M. Volkovitsch 2000” (ZIN).

Microserica gandakiensis Ahrens, 1998

Material examined. 2 9 9 “Loc no. 7 Kaski Thulakhar-

ka Austrian camp, Lumle, 2140m 22.04.2000 28°18.25°N,

83°49.74’E/ Nepal Expedition A. Konstantinov, S. Lin-

gafelter, M. Volkovitsch 2000” (ZIN).

Nepaloserica mustangia Ahrens & Sabatinelli, 1996

Material examined. 2 3, 1 9 “Nepal, Annapurna Mts.,

Chitre (Ghorapani to Tatopani), 1900-2300 m NN,

10.—12.1X.2003, leg. J. Schmidt” (CA). Paratypes: same

data as holotype (CA).

Nepaloserica helambuensis Ahrens & Sabatinelli, 1996

Material examined. 1 2 “Loc. no 20, Langtang N.P.

Dhunche-ShinGompa 28°06.63’N, 85°20.47°E

1950-3250m, 1.05.2000/ Nepal Expedition A. Konstan-

tinov, S. Lingafelter, M. Volkovitsch 2000” (ZIN).

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

Nepaloserica schmidti Ahrens & Sabatinelli, 1996

Material examined. 17 ex. (¢’, ) “Nepal Manaslu Mts.

W-slope Dudh Khola vall., 3050—3250m 4.6.2006 leg. J.

Schmidt” (ZFMK).

Nepaloserica procera spp. rufescens Frey, 1969

Material examined. 116 ex. (4, 2) “Nepal Manaslu Mts.

N-slope Larkya Bazar 3900-4100m_ 28°39°26”N,

84°37°09”E, 1.6.2006 leg. Schmidt” (ZFMK), 2 ex. (4,

2) “Nepal Manaslu Mts. SE-slope Gupchi Danda

2900-3000m 28°06’54”N, 84°47°00”E, 21.5.2006 leg.

Schmidt” (ZFMK), | ex. (4, 2) “Nepal Manaslu Mts. SE-

slope W Gupchi Danda 2200-2300m 28°08°37”N,

84°44°42”E, 18.5.2006 leg. Schmidt” (ZFMK).

Nepaloserica jumlaica Ahrens, 1999

Material examined. 4 ex. “Karnali P., Jumla D.,

Gothichaur valley, forest camp, 2850m NN, 06.V1I.2007,

29°11754”N, 82°18°36”E, leg. M. Hartmann, LF+HF”

(NME).

Acknowledgements. We are grateful to Michael Langer, Lubos

Dembicky, and Victor Siniaev for collecting the major part of

this interesting material and for sending it to us for examination.

Furthermore, thanks to Andrey Frolov (ZIN), Francois Génier

(CMNC), and Matthias Hartmann (NME) for loan of addition-

al specimens. In part this study was supported by SYNTHESYS

grant SE-TAF 3424 to D.A.

REFERENCES

Ahrens D (2004) Monographie der Sericini des Himalaya (Co-

leoptera, Scarabaeidae). Dissertation.de. Verlag im Internet

GmbH, Berlin, 534 pp.

Ahrens D (2005a) A taxonomic review on the Serica (s. str.)

MacLeay, 1819 species of Asiatic mainland (Coleoptera,

Scarabaeidae, Sericini). Nova Supplementa Entomologica 18:

1-163

Ahrens D (2005b) A preliminary cladistic analysis of Nip-

ponoserica, with implications on phylogenetic relationships

among sericine chafers (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). System-

atics and Biodiversity 3: 265-279

Ahrens D (2005c): Taxonomic revision of the genus Anomalo-

phylla Reitter, 1887 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae: Sericini).

Zootaxa 1076: 1-62

Ahrens D (2005d): The diversification of the endemic Himalayan

monsoon-season beetles genus Calloserica inferred from a

cladistic analysis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Sericini). Inver-

tebrate Systematics 19: 217—230

OZFMK

164 Dirk Ahrens & Silvia Fabrizi

Ahrens D (200Se): New material of the genus Lasioserica

Brenske, 1896 with the description of four new species

(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Sericini). Linzer Biologische

Beitrage 37/1: 771-781

Ahrens D (2006a) Phylogenetic analysis of Anomalophylla Re-

itter, 1887 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae: Sericin1). Insect System-

atics and Evolution 37: 1-16

Ahrens D (2006b) The phylogeny of the genus Lasioserica in-

ferred from adult morphology — implications on the evolution

of montane fauna of the South Asian orogenic belt

(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Sericini). Journal of Zoological

Systematics and Evolutionary Research 44: 34-53

Ahrens D (2006c) Additional data on taxonomy and distribution

on Sericini of the Himalayas, with description a further new

species of Maladera (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). pp. 409-418.

In: Hartmann, M. and Baumbach, H. (eds.): Biodiversitat und

Naturausstattung 1m Himalaya. Verein der Freunde und Foér-

derer des Naturkundemuseums Erfurt e.V., Erfurt

Ahrens D (2006d) Evolution of Asian ‘lowland’ taxa and Alpine-

Himalayan Tertiary orogenic belt — Insight from a preliminary

cladistic analysis of Maladera (Cycloserica) (Coleoptera:

Scarabaeidae: Sericini). Zoologischer Anzeiger 244: 193-203

Ahrens D (2006e) Revision und phylogenetische Analyse der

Gattung Pachyserica Brenske, 1897 (Coleoptera, Melolonthi-

dae, Sericini). Revue Suisse de Zoologie 113: 487-557

Ahrens D (2006f) Cladistic analysis of Maladera (Omaladera):

implications on taxonomy, evolution and biogeography of the

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 139-164

Himalayan species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Sericini). Or-

ganisms, Diversity and Evolution 6: 1-16

Ahrens D (2007a) Cladistic analysis of Sericania (Coleoptera,

Scarabaeidae: Sericin1) — implications on the evolution of the

xerophilous fauna of the Himalaya. European Journal of En-

tomology 104: 517-530

Ahrens D (2007b) Beetle evolution in the Asian highlands: in-

sight from a phylogeny of the scarabaeid subgenus Serica

(Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Systematic Entomology 32:

450-476

Ahrens D, Pacholatko P (2005): Zwei neue Arten aus der Grup-

pe der Amiserica insperata (Brenske, 1898) aus dem nordést-

lichen Indien und Myanmar (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Seri-

cini). Koleopterologische Rundschau 75: 311-317

Ahrens D, Fabrizi S (2009a) New species of Sericini from the

Eastern Himalaya and Tibet (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae):

249-284. In: Hartmann, M. and Weipert, M. (eds.): Biodiver-

sitat und Naturausstattung im Himalaya III. Verein der Freun-

de und Forderer des Naturkundemuseums Erfurt e.V., Erfurt

Ahrens D, Fabrizi S (2009b) A review on the genus Gynaecoser-

ica Brenske, 1897 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Sericini). Jour-

nal of Natural History 43: 1505-1584

Arrow G J (1946) Entomological results from the Swedish Ex-

pedition 1934 to Burma and British India. Coleoptera,

Melolonthidae. Arkiv for Zoologi 38 A (9): 1-33

©ZFMK

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 165-168

December 2011

A new species of the genus Acontosceles

(Coleoptera: Limnichidae: Thaumastodinae) from Indonesia

Hiroyuki Yoshitomi ! & Nugroho Susetya Putra 2

! Ehime University Museum, Bunkyo-ché 3, Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan. Corresponding author;

E-mail: hymushi@agr.ehime-u.ac.jp

2 Laboratory of Basic Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University, Jl. Flora 1,

Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia

Abstract. A new species, Acontosceles javanicus sp. nov., is described from Java Island, Indonesia.

Key words. Limnichidae, Acontosceles javanicus, new species, taxonomy.

INTRODUCTION

Acontosceles Champion, 1924 is a unique limnichid bee-

tle genus that has hypognathous head with large and dis-

tinctly dorsally placed eyes, and lives in riverine and hy-

gropetric environment. Piitz (2008) revised the genus and

recognized ten described and some new species from

Japan, Taiwan, China, the Philippines, Laos, Thailand,

Myanmar, Nepal, India, and Indonesia. From Indonesia,

two undescribed species were recorded from Kalimantan

and Sulawesi Islands (Piitz 2008).

In the present paper, we describe one new species from

Java Island, Indonesia. This species is the first represen-

tative of the genus from the southern hemisphere.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The holotype designated here is deposited in the collec-

tion of the Entomological Laboratory, Ehime University

Museum, Matsuyama (EUMJ), and the paratypes are de-

posited in the collections of the EUMJ, the Naturhis-

torisches Museum, Wien (NMW), and the Zoologisches

Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK).

The abbreviations for measurements of external features

used here are as follows: PL—length of pronotum;

PW-width of pronotum; EL—length of elytra; EW—width

of elytra; TL—total length (head to apex of elytra).

The species of this genus are well characterized by fea-

tures of the male genitalia, particularly the shape and cur-

vatures of the aedeagus. Therefore we used specific meas-

urements of the aedeagus and detailed terminology for the

purpose of morphometric comparison. The terms are as

follows (see also Fig. 1): ML—maximum length, from base

to apex; MH—maximum height, vertical line from ML line

to MH point; BL—basal length, from base to the point

where MH and ML lines meet; AL—apical length, ML mi-

nus BL; LL—length of lateral lobe, from line at base of

Received: 11.11.2011

Accepted: 03.06.2011

parameres to vertical line connecting apex to line of max-

imum height; LBA—length of basal piece in apical portion,

apex to point of MH minus LL; LBB—length of basal piece

in basal portion, the line connected with base to MH point;

C—degree of an angle at MH point, formed by LBB and

LBC-—LL lines crossing.

Acontosceles javanicus sp. nov. (Figs 2-16)

Type materials. Holotype (EUMJ): male, “Dondong ri-

ver, Pengkol, Yogyakarta special Region, 7°53°8.63”S

110°36°0.37”E Java INDONESIA 3. II. 2010 H. Yoshi-

tomi leg.”. Paratypes (EUMJ, NMW, ZFMK): | male and

7 females, same data as for the holotype.

Description. Male. Body oblong, sides subparallel,

slightly convex dorsally, strongly shagreened. Coloration

of body almost black; basal antennomeres, maxillary palpi

and legs yellowish-brown; antennomeres VIII—XI, apical

part of femur, and tarsi black.

Head moderate in size, densely covered with yellowish-

silver short setae, shallowly depressed in dorsum between

eyes; frons, clypeus and labrum closely covered with erect,

long silver setae. Eyes large, prominent dorso-laterally.

Antennae moderate in length, reaching about proximal 1/2

of pronotum, closely covered with short setae throughout.

Pronotum broadest at basal 1/3, depressed dorsally in an-

tero-lateral parts, densely covered with yellowish short se-

tae and minute scale-like setae, with obscure silver spots

composed of minute scale-like setae on mesal part and

along posterior margin; median part of posterior margin

gently upturned; PW/PL 2.38-2.45 (2.41). Scutellum

small, subtriangular, closely covered with short setae. Ely-

tra oblong, subparallel-sided near base to apical 1/4, thence

gently tapered apically, projecting ventrally in apical part;

Corresponding editor: D. Ahrens

166 Hiroyuki Yoshitomi & Nugroho Susetya Putra

Fig. 1. Aedeagus in left aspect, showing the morphometric

measurements. For abbreviations see text.

dorsal surface densely covered with yellowish short se-

tae and minute scale-like setae, with about 10 obscure and

small silver spots composed of minute scale-like setae;

EL/EW 1.55-1.57 (1.56); EL/PL 4.08-4.13 (4.10);

EW/PW 1.07-1.11 (1.09); TL/EW 2.10-2.29 (2.19).

Prosternum between procoxae densely covered with long

silver setae.

Sternite VII broad, gently arcuate in caudal margin, shal-

lowly concave in near apical part, closely covered with

short setae, bearing about 40 long setae in mesal part. Ster-

nite VIII moderately sclerotized, U-shaped, closely cov-

ered with fine furrows in apical part, projecting laterally

Figs 2-6. Acontosceles javanicus sp. nov. 2-3. habitus in dorsal views; 2. male, holotype; 3. female, paratype; 4. head in anteri-

or view, female, paratype; 5—6. apices of elytra in dorso-posterior view; 5. male, holotype; 6. female, paratype.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 165-168

©ZFMK

A new species of the genus Acontosceles from Indonesia 167

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Gitrg Mh ied tial

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ue Wy att MH yy

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1" I bei 1

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Figs 7-14. Acontosceles javanicus sp. nov. 7-11. male, paratype; 7. sternite VII; 8. sternite VIII; 9. sternite IX; 10. aedeagus in

ventral aspect; 11. ditto in lateral aspect. 12-14. female, paratype; 12. sternite VII; 13. urosternite; 14. ovipositor.

in mesal parts. Sternite IX well sclerotized, asymmetri-

cal, strongly curved in apical part. Aedeagus long, well

sclerotized, strongly curved ventrally; basal piece oval,

strongly expanded ventrally; lateral lobes long and slen-

der, serrate in lateral margins, punctuate in basal parts,

pointed at apices; median lobe long and slender, about 0.7

times as long as lateral lobe, tapered evenly apically, point-

ed at apex; ML = 0.85 mm; MH = 0.42 mm; BL = 0.44

mm; CL = 0.41 mm; LL = 0.36 mm; LBC = 0.23 mm;

LBB = 0:51 mm; C = 104°.

Female. Sexual dimorphism distinct in the following

characteristics: 1) frons, clypeus and labrum covered with

yellowish-silver short setae; 2) apical part of elytra pro-

jecting ventro-apically; 3) prosternum between procoxae

sparsely covered with short setae; 4) sternite VIII slight-

ly pointed at apex, grabrous in median part; PW/PL

Da9=2780) (2:55); EL/EW L-6l=165 (1:63); EL/PL

3.85-4.86 (4.52); EW/PW 1.07-1.11 (1.09); TL/EW

2.16—2.23 (2.20). Urosternite well sclerotized, with long

and slender apodeme; lateral projections long, expanded

apically. Ovipositor well sclerotized; coxite closely punc-

tuate, pointed at apices; approximate ratio of coxite and

baculus (n= 1) as 5.5: 10.5.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 165-168

Measurements. Male (n = 2): TL 2.20 & 2.40 mm; PW

0.95 & 0.98 mm; PL 0.40 mm; EL 1.63 & 1.65 mm; EW

1.05 mm. Female (n = 5): TL 2.23—2.50 (2.39) mm; PW

0.90-1.05 (1.00) mm; PL 0.35-0.48 (0.39) mm; EL

1.65—1.85 (1.76) mm; EW 1.00-1.15 (1.08) mm.

Biological notes. The type locality is a small river, with

a water depth of ca. 10-30 cm. This species was found at

the spray zone on the surface of sandy rocks with

Pseudeucinetus javanicus Yoshitomi & Putra, 2010 and

Limnichus sp.

Remarks. This species is similar to Acontosceles jaechi

Pitz, 2008 and A. negrosensis Piitz, 2008, but differs from

them by the following characteristics: lateral lobes serrate

in lateral margins (not serrate in A. negrosensis); apex of

sternite VII evenly arcuate (with small projection as in A.

jaechi); curvature and morphometric ratios of aedeagus

(see Fig. 1):

The new species belongs to the Acontosceles hy-

droporoides species group (sensu Pitz 2008), because the

shape of male genitalia is similar to the other species in

this species group.

©OZFMK

168

Hiroyuki Yoshitomi & Nugroho Susetya Putra

Figs 15-16. Acontosceles javanicus sp. nov. 15. type locality; 16. female.

Table 1. Morphometric details of the aedeagi of Acontosceles spp.

morphometric ratio

Species Distribution C angle MH/ML ~ BL/CL LL/ LBC/ reference

(LBC+LBB) LBB

hydroporoides-group

chujoi Laos 1212 0.32 0.92 0.55 0.37 Yoshitomi & Sat6 (2005)

hydroporoides India 121° 0.34 0.82 0.61 0.41 Spilman (1959)

Jaechi Philippines 99° 0.46 1.39 0.52 0.25 Piitz (2008)

javanicus Indonesia 104° 0.49 1.06 0.49 0.44 present study

negrosensis Philippines 94° 0.53 AG, 0.53 0.32 Piitz (2008)

tagalog Philippines 102° 0.36 0.90 0.42 0.38 Spilman (1959)

yorioi Japan, Taiwan 119° 0.37 0.82 0.45 0.61 Yoshitomi & Sato (2005)

quatuordecimmaculosus-group

quatuordecimmaculosus Myanmar 1272 0.28 1.11 0.38 0.44 Piitz (2008)

siwalikensis Nepal 133° 0.27 0.81 0.46 0.58 Piitz (2008)

yunnanensis China 136° 0.23 0.97 0.41 0.47 Piitz (2008)

zetteli Thailand 127 0.29 0.77 0.35 0.70 Piitz (2008)

Etymology. The species is named after the type locality. REFERENCES

Acknowledgements. We wish to express our hearty thanks to

Dr. Tatsuo Sweda (Ehime University), Dr. Masahiro Sakai (EU-

MJ) and Andreas Piitz for their kind suggestions and support for

this study, Dr. William D. Shepard (Essig Museum of Entomol-

ogy, University of California) for critiquing a draft of this pa-

per, and Mr. Ahmad Taufiq Arminudin, Mr. Mohammad Ikbal,

and Miss Atu Ira (Gadjah Mada University) for their help in field

investigations. A part of this work was supported by JSPS Ex-

change Program for East Asian Young Researchers in Ehime

University (Dr. Sweda).

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 165-168

Piitz A (2008) Zur Kenntnis der Gattung Acontosceles Champi-

on, 1924 (Coleoptera: Limnichidae: Thaumastodinae).

Koleopterologisch Rundschau 78: 305-327

Spilman TJ (1959) A study of the Thaumastodinae, with one new

genus and two new species (Limnichidae). The Coleopterists’

Bulletin 13: 111-122

Yoshitomi H, Saté M (2005) A new species of the genus Acon-

tosceles (Coleoptera, Limnichidae) from Laos, with the de-

scription of the genitalia of 4. yorioi M. Sat6. Elytra 33: 34-41

©ZFMK

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

Description of Monoleptoides gen. nov. from the Afrotropical Region,

including the revision of nine species

(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)

Thomas Wagner

Universitat Koblenz-Landau, Institut ftir Integrierte Naturwissenschaften — Biologie, Universitdtsstr. 1, D-56070 Koblenz;

E-mail: thwagner@uni-koblenz.de.

Abstract. Due to their specific external and genitalic patterns, several species of Afrotropical Galerucines, most of them

originally described in Monolepta Chevrolat, 1837 and Candezea Chapuis, 1879, are transferred to the new genus Monolep-

toides. This group is phylogenetically well defined and comprises nine previously described species, some of them well

known, abundant, and widely distributed in tropical Africa. Taxa newly combined with Monoleptoides and new synonymies

include: Crioceris duplicata Sahlberg, 1823 (= Monolepta pulchella Klug, 1835; = Monolepta fasciaticollis Laboissiére,

1940a, syn. nov.; = Monolepta quinquepunctata Laboissicre, 1940a, syn. nov.); Monolepta trivialis Gerstaecker, 1855 (=

Candezea umbilicata Laboissiére, 1920, syn. nov.); Monolepta didyma Gerstaecker, 1871; Monolepta thomsoni Allard,

1888; Monolepta advena Weise, 1910 (= Monolepta keniensis Bryant, 1953; syn. nov.); Candezea centromaculata Jaco-

by, 1900; Candezea horni Laboissiere, 1931; Candezea mertensi Laboissiére, 1940b; Candezea sulcata Laboissiére, 1940a

(= Candezea sexplagiata Laboissiére 1940a; syn. nov.). Detailed descriptions for the generotype, Monoleptoides dupli-

cata and redescriptions of all species, as well as an identification key are given. Collection data are recorded in detail for

the 1190 specimens studied, and summarized in distribution maps.

Key words. Afrotropical region, Africa, taxonomy, revision, biogeography, identification key, synonyms, lectotypes, new

December 2011

genus.

INTRODUCTION

Since the name Monolepta Chevrolat, 1837 was intro-

duced, Galerucinae with a distinctly elongate basi-

metatarsus have traditionally been assigned to this genus.

In the last printed catalogue to the Galerucinae (Wilcox

1973), 180 species of Monolepta and a further 40 species

of Candezea Chapuis, 1879 were listed from tropical

Africa have been listed. The latter genus was described

for species where the third antennomere is distinctly longer

than the second, while species with the second and third

antennomeres of equal length were retained in Monolep-

ta. Most of these species were described between 1890 and

1950 (Wagner 2003a). Descriptions by preceeding authors

were based on external characters only, with very few ex-

ceptions, and the allocation to Monolepta and other gen-

era of the “Monoleptites” (Wilcox 1973) was mostly ty-

pological. In our ongoing revision of the Afrotropical taxa

of this group, genital patterns proved to be the most use-

full characters to distinguish not only species, but also to

delimit genera. Since there are no objective criteria to de-

fine a “genus”, it should at least comprise species form-

ing a monophyletic group, which is defined by autapomor-

phies. After a comprehensive redescription of the genero-

type of Monolepta, the South African Monolepta biocu-

lata (Fabricius, 1781), published some years ago (Wag-

ner 2007) it became obvious that species of Monolepta and

Candezea in their original combinations are polyphyle-

Received: 08.03.2011

Accepted: 17.10.2011

tic, and many species need to be transferred to other taxa

(Wagner 2004). Initial studies on the phylogenetic rela-

tionships within these genera resulted in an isolated group

of species that could easily be separated on morphologi-

cal as well as molecular data (Wagner 2004, Stapel et al.

2008). This recently recognized taxon is herein formally

described as a new monophyletic group. It includes nine

previously described species, four of them originally de-

scribed in Monolepta, four in Candezea, and the oldest one

in Crioceris Miller, 1764, which was described before the

other two genera had even been established. Six addition-

al species are treated as synonyms, five of them new. All

the species are redescribed, the material is examined and

recorded in detail, and distribution maps and an identifi-

cation key are provided.

METHODS

A standard set of figures is given for each species, these

include the following: diagrammatic illustrations of the

dorsal colouration and the right antenna, where black

colouration is depicted by black, yellow colouration by

white, and red colouration by grey. Most taxa are very

polymorphic, and in those species more than one coloura-

tion type is figured. Note that usually transitions between

Corresponding editor: D. Ahrens

oath ree : s s

37 contribution to the taxonomy, phylogeny and biogeography of the Galerucinae

170 Thomas Wagner

the given colouration types occur, i. e. that only typical

and frequently found colour types are illustrated. The basal

four anntennomeres of each one male and female, dorsal

and lateral view of the median lobe including the en-

dophallic structures, and ventral view of the median lobe

without the endophallic structures (for classification see

Wagner 2000b), and the spermathecae of two different fe-

males are figured. Photographs of the primary types of all

species are given with all labels, and in detail. Morpho-

metric measurements were made for external characters.

Absolute measurements are: Total length from the clypeus

to the apex of the elytron, length of elytron, maximal width

of both elytra (usually in the middle or in the posterior

third of the elytra), and width of pronotum. Relative meas-

urements are: Length to width of pronotum, maximal

width of both elytra to length of elytron, length of second

to length of third antennomere, and length of third to

length of fourth antennomere. The number of specimens

measured is given in the description under “total length”.

MATERIAL

The subsequent redescriptions are based on 1190 labelled

specimens from the following collections (Table 1).

Musuem codons used and responsible curators 1n brack-

ets: Natural History Museum, London (BMNH; S.

Shute); private collection Ron Beenen, Nieuwegein, The

Netherlands (CRB); private collection Manfred Doberl,

Abensberg, Germany (CMD); private collection Horst

Kippenberg, Herzogenaurach, Germany (CHK); private

collection Lev N. Medvedev, Moscow, Russia (CLM); pri-

vate collection Vaclav Silha, Prague, Czech Republic

(CVS); Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalde

(DEIS; L. Behne, L. Zerche); Hungarian Museum of Nat-

ural History, Budapest (HMNH; O. Merkl); Institute Roy-

al des Sciences Naturelle de Belgique, Brussels (IRSN;

M. Cludts, D. Drugmand, P. Limbourg); Museo Civico di

Storia Naturale, Genova (MCGD; R. Poggi); Museo ed

Instituto di Zoologia Sistematica, Universita di Torino

(MIZT; M. Daccordi); Manchester Museum, Manchester

University (MMMU; C. Johnson); Museo National de Sci-

encas Naturales, Madrid (MNCN; M. Paris); Musée Na-

tional d’ Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN; N. Berti+); Mu-

seum ftir Naturkunde der Humboldt Universitat zu Berlin

(MNHU; J. Frisch, J. Willers); Musée Royal d’ Afrique

Centrale, Tervuren (MRAC; M. de Meyer); Museum of

Zoology, Helsinki (MZHF; H. Silfverberg); Museo Zoo-

logico “La Specola”, Firenze (MZSF; L. Bartolozzi);

Naturhistorisches Museum Basel (NHMB,; E. Sprecher);

Naturhistorisches Museum Wien (NHMW; H. Schon-

mann); Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm (NHRS;

B. Viklund); National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi

(NMK; W. Kinuthia, Ch. Lange); Natuurhistorisch Mu-

seum Leiden (NNML; R. de Jong, F. v. Assen), Oxford

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

University Museum of Natural History (OUMNH; G. Mc-

Gavin); South African National Collection of Insects, Plant

Protection Research Institute, Pretoria (SANC; E. Grobbe-

laar); Ditsong National Museum of Natural History (for-

merly Transvaal Museum), Pretoria (TMSA; R. Miller);

Texas A & M University, Department of Entomology

(TAMU; E. Riley); National Museum of National Histo-

ry, Washington (USNM; D. Furth); Zoologisches

Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Bonn (ZFMK; D.

Ahrens, K. Ulmen); Zoological Institute St. Petersburg

(ZISP; A. Kirejtshuk); Zoological Institute University of

Kopenhagen (ZMUC; M. Hansen +); Zoologisches Insti-

tut und Zoologisches Museum der Universitat, Hamburg

(ZMUH,; H. Riefenstahl).

Collection data of the examined specimens are record-

ed in detail. Label data for primary type specimens is cit-

ed verbatim, for all other specimens localities are record-

ed as precisely as possible. Country names and feature

classes with traditional names are listed, usually with their

current data. Geographical coordinates given in degree and

minutes for locally data given like decimal data. These co-

ordinates were mostly taken from the Alexandria Digital

Library Gazetteer Server. Localities of the former Belgian

Congo and also referred to as Congo (Zaire), in particu-

lar, were taken from a gazetteer compiled by Ugo DallAs-

ta (MRAC).

DESCRIPTION OF MONOLEPTOIDES GEN. NOV.

Type of the genus (by current designation):

Crioceris duplicata Sahlberg, 1823.

Total length. 3.90—7.20 mm.

Head. Pale yellow, yellow or reddish-yellow, very few

specimens with dark brown frons and vertex. If head red-

dish, frons often paler than vertex. Head transverse, with

a distinct transverse depression between the posterior third

of eyes (Fig. 2a—e), sometimes with small triangular tu-

bercles between eyes (Figs 3a—c, 4a—d), finely punctuat-

ed. Labrum, palpi and antennae pale yellow to yellow,

maxillary palpi with long and slender terminal palpomere

(Fig. la). Three basal antennomeres with a few sparse se-

tae, fourth to eleventh antennomeres finely pubescent (Fig.

1d). Usually only terminal antennomere with black tip, in

few specimens up to five apical antennomeres brownish

to black; antennomeres four to eight black in contrast with

the pale basal and apical antennomeres in M. horni only

(Fig. 5a). Antennomeres long and slender, particularly in

females, third antennomere distinctly longer than second

(length of second to third antennomere 0.53—0.88),

fourth varying from double the length of the third, to on-

ly one quarter longer (length of third to fourth anten-

nomere 0).47—0.77 (Figs 2g, h, 6e, f).

©ZFMK

Monoleptoides new genus 171

Fig. 1. Morphology of the type species of Monoleptoides gen. nov., Monoleptoides duplicata (Sahlberg, 1823). a. Head, ventral.

b. Prothorax, ventral, coxal cavity openings black. c. Meso- and metathorax, ventral, coxal cavity openings black. d. Antenna. e.

Fore-leg. f. Middle-leg. g. Hind-leg. h. Hind-wing. i. Metendosternite. j. Abdomen, male. k. Abdomen, female. Scale bar: 1 mm.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199 ©ZFMK

172 Thomas Wagner

Thorax. Pronotum yellow to reddish-yellow; a few speci-

mens of some species with either a black median spot

(Figs 2d, 7e, and 8b); black basal triangle (Fig. 2e); broad

black medial longitudinal band (Fig. 8c); or in M. sulca-

ta, two black dorsolateral patches (Fig. 9b, c). Pronotum

with double punctuation, very fine and additionally much

coarser, not pubescent. Anterior half of pronotum distinct-

ly convex, with an arched transverse depression in pos-

terior half, most distinct in M. mertensi and M. sulcata

(Figs 6a—c, 9a—c), but also visible in all other species if

they are viewed dorso-laterally. Pronotum transverse,

broad, median length to maximum width 0.56—0.74. Pro-

thoracic coxal cavities closed behind, prosternal process

slightly enlarged posteriorly (Fig. 1b). Metasternum

broad (Fig. 1c), shape of metendosternite as in Fig. 11. Ely-

tra coarsely punctuated, not pubescent, elongate, sub par-

allel to ovate. Specimens with pale yellow to yellow ely-

tra (dorsum thus completely yellow) occur in all species

except M. sulcata, and in about 60 % of the material stud-

ied. In most species there are also specimens with a more

or less broad black elytral base, extending onto the epi-

pleura for up to half their length (Figs 2c—e, 7c—e, 8b, c,

6c, 9b); these specimens usually also have a transverse

black band in the posterior third of the elytra. Other spec-

imens have only black humeral spots or a transverse basal

patch, neither of which reaches the outer elytral margins

(Fig. 2b), forming a diagnostic pattern for some species

(Figs 3b, c, 4b—d, 10b—d). Two species have a brownish-

red elytral base and tip (Fig. 7b), sometimes with a sub

medial spot (Fig. 6a), and in one species the elytra are pre-

dominantly black with a reddish apical part (Fig. 9a).

Length of elytron 2.90—5S.80 mm, maximal width of both

elytra together 1.85—4.30 mm, width of both elytra to

length of elytron 0.58—0.78. Scutellum yellow, yellowish-

red, or very rarely black. Legs pale yellow to yellow, femo-

ra sparsely pubescent, tibiae and tarsi more densely setose,

and bristle-like (Fig. le—-g). First tarsomere on all legs

elongate, in particular the basi-metatarsus that 1s about half

the length of the meta-tibia (Fig. 1g). Tarsal claws with a

distinct basal tooth, bifid. Hind wings fully developed (Fig.

th).

Abdomen. Pale yellow to yellowish-red, rarely darker and

then appearing brownish-red. Apical margin of anal ster-

nite with two deep incisions in males (Fig. 1j), rounded

in females (Fig. 1k).

Male genitalia. Median lobe bilaterally symmetrical, slen-

der, more or less parallel-sided (Figs 21-n, 4h-, 5e-g,

7i-n, 9g—1, 10h-}), widening slightly towards the base and

sub apically in some species (Figs 3g—i1, 8g-1, 6gH1,

10k—m). Straight to slightly curved ventrally towards apex,

more or less deeply incised apically. Endophallus with a

medial group of long, slender spines, one to three pairs

of them more robust. Ventrad of these spines is a slight-

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

ly more distinctly sclerotized “ladder-like” patch, which

is positioned above the apex when the endophallus is

everted (Fig. 7j). Tectum long, almost reaching the api-

cal incision.

Female genitalia. Spermatheca with small ovate to spher-

ical nodulus and very broad, cap-like cornu that is short

in six species (Figs 20, 3}, 4k, 70, 8), 10n) but slender and

elongate in the three other species (Figs 5h, 6), 9j). There

are two pairs of bursal slecrites that differ slightly from

one another.

Distribution. Beetles of this group are distributed near-

ly throughout the Afrotropical Region with exception of

Madagascar. Monoleptoides duplicata shows the widest

distribution from Guinea to Ethiopia in the North and in

Eastern Africa towards Natal in the South. Some species,

like M. didyma, M. trivialis, and M. advena are restrict-

ed to eastern Africa, or show a restricted distribution along

the Albertine Rift like M. sulcata, the Congo Basin like

M. mertensi or Western-Central Africa like M. horni.

Diagnosis. Four of the valid species of Monoleptoides gen.

nov. were originally described in Monolepta; another

species, C. duplicata, was transferred to Monolepta a long

time ago (Weise 1924); and another four species were orig-

inally described in Candezea. The revision of the latter

genus has already been completed (Wagner & Kurtscheid

2005), whereas the revision of the about 100 valid species

of Afrotropical Monolepta is still in progress. A revision

of the genotype, M. bioculata, has been published (Wag-

ner 2007). The genus Dyolania Laboissiére, 1931 needs

to be included with these two genera in this diagnosis. Dy-

olania was synonymized with Monolepta by Wilcox

(1973), but as a recent revision (Bauer & Wagner 2010)

reveals, it was re-established and is most likely the sister

taxon of Monoleptoides gen. nov. Specimens of Monolep-

toides gen. nov. can be distinguished from those of

Monolepta, Candezea and Dyolania by the following char-

acters:

The antennae are long, the antennomeres distinctly elon-

gate as in Dyolania and Candezea, while Monolepta have

shorter antennae. Monolepta can be distinguished by an-

tennomeres two and three of nearly the same length

(length of second to third antennomere: 0.82—1.10) while

the third antennomere in Candezea is more distinctly elon-

gate (0.49-0.63), and Monoleptoides gen. nov. clearly falls

between these two (0.53—0.88). Since Monolepta and Can-

dezea are traditionally distinguished by the ratio of the

length of the second to the third antennomere, the origi-

nal description of the species now included in Monolep-

toides gen. nov. in both these genera, is not surprising.

Monoleptoides gen. nov. can be distinguished compar-

atively easily by the coarse punctuation of pronotum and

elytra, that does not occur in the other groups named

©ZFMK

Monoleptoides new genus 173

above. This punctuation is sometimes difficult to see and

the specimen should be observed whilst illuminated from

the side. The more or less distinct transverse pronotal de-

pression, a character that does not occur in Monolepta and

Candezea but is found in Dyolania, can also be more easi-

ly observed under such lighting. Monoleptoides gen. nov.

are on average more slender than species of Monolepta.

Candezea has similarly narrow elytra, but the elytra bulges

more distinctly dorso-ventrally. Dyolania is even more

slender than Monoleptoides gen. nov.

With some experience the characters given above allow

a fairly good differentiation of the specimens of Monolep-

toides gen. nov. from the other taxa, but the genitalia of

both sexes offer far better diagnostic structures. In females

the spermatheca is poorly sclerotized and has a charac-

teristic shape. Its shape with a small nodulus, and an en-

larged, cap-like cornu is only known from Monoleptoides

gen. nov. Females of the other genera have a longer and

far more slender cornu. The spermathecae of M. horni, M.

mertensi, and M. sulcata are more similar to Monolepta,

but at least the proximal part of the cornu is much larger

than in any Monolepta species.

The best diagnostic character to identify species of

Monoleptoides gen. nov. and to distinguish this genus from

other closely related genera, is the shape of the median

lobe and the structure of the endophallic armature. Nei-

ther Monolepta nor Candezea have apically incised me-

dian lobes. Within Afrotropical galerucines possessing this

character is typical for the metallic bluish Barombiella

Laboissiéere, 1931 (Wagner & Freund 2003) and Bone-

sioides Laboissiere, 1925 (Freund & Wagner 2003), which

both have a much shorter median lobe, and Galerudolphia

Hincks, 1949, which are small, slender, dorso-ventrally

compressed leaf beetles with a trapezoidal pronotum (Bolz

& Wagner 2005). The general shape of the median lobe

is most similar to that of Dyolania, which also has an api-

cal incision, but there are differences in the endopahllic

armature. This genus 1s most likely to be the sister taxon

to Monoleptoides gen. nov., however, differences in dor-

sal punctuation (very fine in Dyolania), the construction

of the prothoracic coxal cavities (open), and the shape of

the spermatheca (short, slender cornu with bottle-like

nodulus), expose the generic differentiation.

REDESCRIPTIONS OF SPECIES

Monoleptoides duplicata (Sahlberg, 1823), comb. nov.

Crioceris duplicata Sahlberg, 1823: 69 (Sahlberg 1829).

Monolepta pulchella Klug, 1835, nomen nudum (Weise

1924, Wilcox 1973).

Monolepta fasciaticollis Laboisiére, 1940a: 67; syn. nov.

Monolepta quinquepunctata Laboissicre, 1940a: 67; syn.

nov.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

Total length. 4.30—5.50 mm (mean: 4.95 mm; n = 20).

Head. Pale yellow, yellow or reddish-yellow, very few

specimens with dark brown frons and vertex. If head red-

dish, frons usually paler than vertex (Fig. 2c), labrum,

palpi and antenna pale yellow to yellow, usually only ter-

minal antennomere with black tip (Fig. 2a—d). Only a few

specimens with two brownish sub terminal antennomeres

(Fig. 2e). Antenna comparatively short, antennomeres

slender. Length of second to third antennomere 0.74—0.85

(mean: 0.80), males in particular with short third anten-

nomere (Fig. 2g), length of third to fourth antennomere

0.54-0.65 (mean: 0.57).

Thorax. Pronotum yellow to reddish-yellow (Fig. 2a—c),

rarely (8 % of material examined) with small circular or

larger, triangular median black spot (Fig. 2d, e), distinct-

ly convex (Fig. 2f). Pronotum broad, median length to

maximum width 0.63—0.68 (mean: 0.66). Elytra in about

half of the material examined completely yellow (Fig. 2a).

This type of colouration occurs mainly in Central and East

Africa where about two thirds of all specimens are yel-

low, while 90 % of the specimens from West Africa have

broad basal and sub terminal transverse black bands (Fig.

2c). Broad transverse elytral bands are usually correlated

with a yellowish-red pronotum. Length of elytron

3.15—4.50 mm (mean: 3.87 mm), maximum elytral width

2.30—3.40 mm (mean: 2.82 mm). Width of both elytra to

length of elytron 0.68—0.77 (mean: 0.73). Scutellum yel-

low (Fig. 2a—d), very rarely black (Fig. 2e). Legs pale yel-

low to yellow.

Abdomen. Pale yellow to yellowish-red.

Male genitalia. Median lobe widening slightly in the basal

third and sub apically, bluntly rounded at apex and slight-

ly incised (Fig. 21, k), distinctly narrower sub apically in

small specimens (Fig. 2l—-n), endophallus usually with

three pairs of spiculae of different lengths.

Female genitalia. Spermatheca with small nodulus and

very broad cornu with a short tip (Fig. 20).

Diagnosis. Monoleptoides duplicata shows a high degree

of similarity in body size, body shape and colouration pat-

terns to M. thomsoni in particular. Both species occur sym-

patrically over a wide range, M. duplicata being more fre-

quent in East and specifically in south Central Africa,

whilst M. thomsoni is dominant in West Africa. Both

species cannot be definitively distinguished using exter-

nal characters. Monoleptoides duplicata is on average

smailer (total length 4.30—5.50 mm) and its pronotum is

more distinctly transverse (pronotal length to width

0.63—0.68) than in M. thomsoni (total length

4.40-6.00 mm, pronotal length to width 0.66—0.74).

OZFMK

174 Thomas Wagner

Fig. 2.

fea

STEEN

Sea

G H

Morphology of Monoleptoides duplicata (Sahlberg, 1823). a—e. Habitus showing typical colour variation. f. Pronotum,

detail. g, h. Basal antennomeres one to four of male (g) and female (h). it-k. Median lobe of a typical specimen, lateral (1), dorsal

(j), and ventral without endophallic structures (k). I-n. Median lobe of small specimens, lateral (1), dorsal (m), and ventral with-

out endophallic structures (n). 0. Spermathecae of two different females. Scale bars: | mm.

Monoleptoides duplicata is often entirely yellow, which

is comparatively rare in M. thomsoni. Most specimens of

M. thomsoni have small elytral bands (Fig. 7c) while most

specimens of M. duplicata have stronger black elytral

colouration (Fig. 2c). However, both species can only be

reliably distinguished by the male genitalia, the allocation

of females to species is sometimes almost impossible. The

median lobe is slightly curved ventrally and has a blunt-

ly rounded apex in M. duplicata (Fig. 2i-n), while M.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

thomsoni has a straight median lobe with a pointed apex

(Fig. 7i-n). Despite both species having a wide overlap

in geographical distribution, they seem to prefer different

habitats. Based on about 600 specimens with detailed col-

lecting site data, only four places could be identified where

both species obviously occur syntopically (Dalaba and

Tabuna Valley, both in Guinea; Garamba National Park in

north-eastern DRC; and Bambesa in southern DRC). In

southern Africa M. duplicata may be confused with M.

©ZFMK

Monoleptoides new genus 175

centromaculata, but broad elytra (Fig. 8a—c) and the very

broad median lobe (Fig. 8g—1) of the latter species allow

effective differentiation between the two species. To dis-

tinguish M. duplicata from M. advena, a species restrict-

ed to Kenya and northern Tanzania, dissection of genitalia

is necessary in entirely yellow specimens, where M. ad-

vena has a comparatively short, broad and parallel-sided

median lobe (Fig. 4h-}).

Distribution and geographical variation. Widely distrib-

uted in savannah and tropical forest zones from Sierra

Leone to east Uganda and the Katanga Province in south-

eastern DRC, with very few further south- and eastwards

(Fig. 11), concentrated mainly in the Guineo-Congolian

forest area. Alongside M. thomsoni this is the most abun-

dant and widely distributed species in the group. Speci-

mens with a reddish head and pronotum (Fig. 2c—e) are

more frequent in West Africa and Uganda, most specimens

from southern DRC have small black spots (Fig. 2b) or

are entirely yellow (Fig. 2a). As in M. ¢trivialis and M.

thomsoni, entirely yellow specimens are predominately

from savannah localities. Specimens from a single loca-

tion e. g. Malela (8 ex.) show continuous variation, from

entirely yellow to forms with black elytral bands. So spec-

imens from the Bambesa and Moto populations (21 ex.;

including the type specimens of M. fasciaticollis and M.

quinquepunctata) and Kampala (7 ex.). The large collec-

tion from Kapanga at Lulua River in southern DRC (99

ex.) are all, without exception, entirely yellow. So too is

the material from Kaniama and Luisa (20 ex.), and the

specimens (3 ex.) from Mlanje, all from the same region.

Type material

Crioceris duplicata: Holotype, 3, “S. Leona, Afzelius /

Duplicata, Sahlb. nov. sp. Inf.“ (NHRS; Fig. 20a). Type

locality: Sierra Leone, no details available, examined. On-

ly this specimen, displaying all the data recorded in the

original description “Sierra Leone Africae. D. Afzelius”,

is available in NHRS. It can be treated as the holotype by

inference. Two further specimens in this collection are

marked with paratype labels, but are not valid types: 1 9

”Guinea, Westerman“ and 4 “Moyamba, S. Leone dupli-

cata Sahlb.“. The original description was published in a

monographic series (Sahlberg 1823). It was repeated, with

minor changes, in a journal six years later (Sahlberg 1829).

Only two additional colour variations are mentioned in this

later version.

Monolepta pulchella: Types, reported to be in MNHU,

were not be found there. I follow the synonymy record-

ed in the catalogues of Weise (1924), and Wilcox (1973).

Monolepta fasciaticollis: Lectotype, 3, “Type / Holotype

fasciaticollis / Congo belge: P. N. A. Rwindi 1000 m 20

au 24-xi-1934 G. F. de Witte: 773 / Coll. Mus. Congo /

R. Dét. G 4587 / Monolepta fasciaticollis m. V. Labois-

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

siere — Dét.“ (MRAC; Fig. 20b). Type locality: Democra-

tic Republic of the Congo, Lake Kivu region, Rwindi,

0.47S/29.17E, examined. There are two syntypes listed in

the original description and a lectotype is herein designat-

ed to fix the name on single specimen. — Paralectotype:

1 3, “May ya Moto, 950 m, 6 au 9—XI.1934, G. F. de

Witte: 729” (IRSN).

Monolepta quinquepunctata: Holotype, 2, “Type / Congo

belge: P. N. A. Rwindi 1000 m, 20 au 24-x1-1934 G.F. de

Witte: 773 / 6. Okt. / Monolepta quinquepunctata m. V.

Laboissiere — Det. / Type M. quinquepunctata / R. Det. 1

4586 / Coll. Mus. Congo” (MRAC; Fig. 20c). Type loca-

lity: Democratic Republic of the Congo, Lake Kivu Re-

gion, Rwindi, 0.47S/29.17E, examined. Holotype by in-

ference, a single male (but the specimen 1s actually a fe-

male) is mentioned in the original description.

Further material examined

Benin. 2 3, Agoué, 6.13N/1.40E, 1879, Abbe Ménager

(MNHN); 1 2, Dahomey, Mus. Hauschild (ZMUC). — Bu-

rundi. 1 4, Usumbura, Ngwelo, 3.57S/29.47E, coll.

Clavareau (MRAC); 3 4, Usumbura, 1.1926, H. Schout-

eden (MRAC); 1 6, Prov. Cibitoke, 3.18S/29.24E,

11.1989, C. J. M. Berger (CRB). — Cameroon. | 9, Ki-

bati, 3.46N/9.45E (MNHU); 2 3, Bitye ja river, 3000 feet,

ex. coll. Oberthur (MNHN); 5 9, Fare GR, 8.23N/12,50E,

IV.2007, Gallery Forest, fogging Cola laurifolia, Jocque

et al. (IRSN). — Congo (Zaire). 1 ¢@, Beni Bendi,

0.30N/29.28E, Sankuru, I.1895, L. Cloetens (IRSN); 1 9,

VIII.1898, Dybowski (MNHN); 2 9, Elisabethville,

11.40S/27.28E, X.1911, Miss. Agric. (MRAC); 8 2,6,

Malela, 4.22S/26.08E, XII.1913, Burgeon (MRAC); 1 3,

Bumbuli, 3.24S/20.21E, IV.1915, R. Mayné (MRAC); 2

Q, 3 G, Kasai, Luisa, 6.07S/19.26E, 1921, L. Achten

(MRAC); 1 3, Watsa a Niangara, 3.42N/27.52E, VII.1920,

L. Burgeon (MRAC); 1 3, Luluabourg, 5.54S/22.25E,

XI.1921, L. Achten (MRAC); 1 4, Haut-Uele, Watsa,

3.03N/29.32E, 1922, L. Burgeon (MRAC); 1 9, 2 3,

Haut-Uele, Moto, 2.54N/28.37E, VI—VI.1923, L. Bur-

geon (MRAC); 2 9, Likimi, 2.50N/20.45E, X.1927, A.

Collart (IRSN); 1 4, Kivutu Kumbi, II.1924 (ZMUH); 1

@, Faradje, Mongapi, 3.44N/29.43E, IV.1930, A. Collart

(IRSN); 10 9, 5 4, Lomami, Kaniama, 7.34S/24.11E,

1931, II] —V.1932, R. Massart (MRAC); 2 9, 3 3, Uele,

Dingila, 3.39S/26.04E, X.1932, J. Vrydagh (MARC); 38

2,61 3 (16 B dissected) Lulua, Kapanga, 10.37S/24.54E,

VIII., XII.1932, [X., X1.1933, G. F. Overlaet (MRAC); 8

2, 3 &, Bambesa, 3.28N/25.43E, X.1933, III.1937,

IV.,V.1937, IL.,X.1938, X.1939, J. V. Leroy / J. Vrydagh

(5 ex. IRSN, 6 ex. MRAC); 1 @, Luisa, Tulume,

7.18S/22.40E, V.1935, Mme Gillardin (MRAC); 2 4, NW-

Ruwenzori, Watalinga, 0.40N/29.40E, VI.1937, Listranc

(MRAC); | 3, Kasenyi, 7.26S/24.10E, VIII.1937, Bredo

(MRAC); | 9, P. N. U., Businga, Sange, 3.20N/20.50E,

©Z7FMK

176 Thomas Wagner

G H |

Fig. 3. Morphology of Monoleptoides trivialis (Gerstaecker, 1855). a—c. Habitus showing typical colour variation. d. Pronotum,

detail. e, f. Basal antennomeres one to four of male (e) and female (f). g—i. Median lobe, lateral (g), dorsal (h), and ventral with-

out endophallic structures (1). j. Spermathecae of two different females. Scale bars: 1 mm.

VI.1945, Miss. G. F. de Witte (IRSN); 1 ¢, P. N. Upem-

ba, Lusinga, 8.56S/27.12E, 1760 m, IV.1947, Miss. G. F.

de Witte (IRSN); 1 9, 2 4, P. N. Upemba, R. Mubale,

8.33S/27.21E, 1480 m, V.1947, Miss. G. F. de Witte

(IRSN); 1 4, P. N. Upemba, Riv. Munte, 8.40S/28.45E,

1480 m, V.1947, Miss. G. F. de Witte (IRSN); 2 2, 4 3,

P. N. Upemba, Mukana, 9.15S/27.12E, 1810 m, II.1948,

Miss. G. F. de Witte (IRSN); | 3, P. N. Upemba, R. Luf-

wa, 9.40S/27.11E, 1700 m, Il.1948, Miss. G. F. de Wit-

te (IRSN); 2 3, N. Lac Kivu, Rwankwi, 2.30S/28.00E,

IV.1948, J. V. Leroy (MRAC); 1 9, P. N. Upemba, Ka-

tongo, 8.48S/26.59E, 1750 m, IV.1948, Miss. G. F. de Wit-

te (IRSN); 1 9, 1 @, P. N. Upemba, Mbuye Bala,

8.54S/26.53E, 1750 m, IV.1948, Miss. G. F. de Witte

(IRSN); 1 9, P. N. Upemba, Munoi bif Lupiala,

8.45S/26.46E, 890 m, VI.1948, Miss. G. F. de Witte

(IRSN); 1 3, P. N. Upemba, Kabwekanono, 5.48S/28.34E,

1815 m, [X.1948, Miss. G. F. de Witte (IRSN); 1 3, P.N.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

Upemba, Kismokoto-Kiwakishi, 9.09S/27.11E, 1070 m,

X.1948, Miss. G. F. de Witte (IRSN); 4 9, 6 d, P.N.

Upemba, Kabwe s/Muye, af. Lufira, 8.49S/26.49E, 1329

m, V.1948, Miss. G. F. de Witte IRSN); 1 9, P. N. Upem-

ba, Mabwe, 8.39S/26.31E, 585 m, I.1949, Miss. G. F. de

Witte (IRSN); 3 9, 7 3, P. N Upemba, Kanonga,

9.15S/26.08E, 675 m, II.1949, Miss. G. F. de Witte

(MRAC); 12 9, 6 dG, P. N. Garamba, 3.40N/29.00E, se-

veral locations, X.1950, XII.1951, IV., VI.—VII.1952,

Miss. H. de Saeger (17 ex. IRSN, 1 ex. MRAC), 1 <, Sta-

tion de Gandajika I.N.E.A.C., 6.45S/23.57E, 1957, P. de

Francquen (MRAC); | 9, Reg. Thysville, Bas-Congo,

5.158/14.52E, 1959/1963, R. Michaux leg (MRAC); 1 3,

P. N. Albert (Ruwenzori), Ibatama, 1690 m, V.1958, P.

Vanschuytbroeck (MRAC); 24 9, 29 3 (15 ex. genitalia

dissected), Terr. de Kasongo, River Lumami,

4.27S/26.40E, VIII.1959, II./IH.1960, P. L. G. Benoit

(MRAC). — Equatorial Guinea. | ~, Nkolentangan,

©ZFMK

Monoleptoides new genus 177

1.31N/9.51E, XI.1907—V.1908, G. Tessmann (MNHU). —

Ethiopia. | 9, Abessinia, Dimitiev (ZISP); 4 9, pr. Illu-

babor, 8.05N/35.45E, 30 km W of Abobo, VIII.1988, L.

Medvedev ‘on Cucurbitaceae” (CM). — Ghana. 6 ex.,

Gold Coast (MMMU); 1 &, Kumasi, 6.43N/1.36W,

11.1975, K. Adlbauer (ZFMK). — Guinea. 5 9, Guinea,

Mus. Westermann (ZMUC); 1 9, ex. Ancey,

7.22N/9.04W, coll. M. Pic (MNHN); 1 2, Camayenne, 6

km de Konakry, 9.32N/13.41W, 1909, L. Duport

(MNHN); 1 2, 1 @, Dalaba, 10.47N/12.12W, 1200 m,

VIII.1945, H. Durand (MNHN); 1 9, 1 3, Tabuna Val-

ley, 9.31N/12.26W, IX.1983, 11.1984, C. B. Myrzin

(CLM). — Ivory Coast. 1 9, Limbroko, 6.59N/3.39W

(IRSN); | 2, Haut-Sassandra, pays Dyola, 1910, A. Che-

valier (MNHN); | 2, 4 3, Koun-Abronso, 7.31N/3.15W,

IX., X., X1.1961, J. Decelle (MRAC); 1 4, Bingerville,

5.20N/3.53W, VIII.1961, 1.1963, 1.1964, J. Decelle

(MRAC); 1 2, Odienne, 9.36N/7.32W, HI.1973, V. Vil-

tard (MNHN). — Kenya. | <, Thika, 1.03S/37.05E, 1.1927,

A. F. J. Gedye (NMK); 1 4, Kisumu, 0.06S/34.45E,

IV.1936, H. J. A. Turner (NMK); 1 9, 1 4, Emali Ran-

ge, Sultan Hamud, 2.06S/38.28E, coll. No.10742, HI.1940

(BMNH); 1 3, Malindi, 3.13S/40.07E, XI.—XII.1989, L.

Bartolozzi et al. (MZFS); 1 <, Taita Hills, 3.24S/38.22E,

V. Clausnitzer (ZFMK); 1 9, Mt. Nyiru, 2.09N/36.50E,

dense woodland, 2100 m, Malaise trap, R. de Jong & C.

Lepelaar (NNML). — Malawi. 3 <, Mlanje,

16.05S/36.29E, 800 m, IV.1913, X. 19913, S. A. Neave

(BMNH). — Mozambique. 2 9, Caia, 17.49S/35.23E,

Zambesi, VIII.1911, H. Swale (BMNH); | <, Valley of

Kola ri., 15.12S/33.10E, 650 m, IV.1913, S. A. Neave

(BMNH); | , 2 6, Lourenzo Marques, 25.58S/32.25E,

VIII.1921, C. B. Hardenberg (MNHU). — Sierra Leone.

1 9, “Monolepta bifasciata F. / S. R.” (MNHU); 1 9, “S.

L.” (OUMNH); 1 @, coll. Kraatz (DEIS); 1 2, 1 4, Sier-

ra Leone, 8.30N/12.00W, Don Kier, ex. coll. J. Weise, ,,du-

plicata Sahlb. / pulchella Klug” (MNHU); 1 9, ex coll.

J. Weise (MNHU); 2 9, Sierra Leone, 58.166 (BMNH);

1 2, Mayeppa, 9.08N/12.0W, IX.1912, J. J. Simpson

(BMNH); 1 3, 8.VIII.1895, ex coll. R. Oberthur (MNHN);

1 3, coll. Clavareau (MRAC); 1 9, 2 4, Sierra Leone, ex

mus. Allard 1899 (MNHN); 2 9, 2 ¢, Rhobomp,

9.05N/12.54W, coll. Fry, 1905 (BMNH); 1 3, VIII.1909,

ex coll. R. Oberthur (MNHN). — South Africa. | 4, Dur-

ban, 29.51S/31.01E, P. Reineck (MNHU); 1 <, Zululand,

Cape Vidal NR, 28.07S/32.34E, IV.1975, P. E. Reavell

(TMSA); 1 3, Natal, Sordwana Bay, 27.32S/32.41E,

IV.1976, P. E. Reavell (TMSA). — Tanzania. 1 4, Usam-

bara (MNHU); 1 <6, Nyassa-See, Langenburg,

9.01S/33.39E, Fiilleborn (MNHU); 5 2, 7 3, Ukerewe Is-

land, 2.09S/32.52E, Conrad (NMK); 1 Q, Lindi,

10.01S/39.43E, VIL.1891, Conradt (MNHU); | 3, Ngue-

la, 4.45S/38.30E, Heyne 900 (ZISP); 1 4, Mombo,

4.54S/38.18E, ex coll. J. Weise, “trivialis Sahlb.”

(MNHU); 2 2, 1 4, Kwai, 4.44S8/38.21E, Paul (MNHU);

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

3 9, 1 3, Usambara, Nguelo, 4.45S/38.30E (ZMUH); 3

Q, 2 d, Usambara, Derema, 4.45S/38.30E, 850 m,

VIII-IX.1891, L. Conradt (MNHU); 1 @, Sakarre,

4.58S/38.21E, IX.02 (MNHU); 1 6, Amani,

5.09S/38.36E, II.1906, Vosseler (MNHU); | 9, D. Sam-

besi Gebiet, X.1906, F. Seiner (MNHU); 1 <4, Muansa,

2.31S/32.54E, IV.1915, Holtz (MNHU). — Togo. 1 3, Bis-

marcksburg, 8.15N/0.55E, XII.1892, L. Conradt (MNHU).

— Uganda. | <, Entebbe, 0.05N/32.29E, VII.1911, S.A.

Neave (BMNH); | 9, Northern Buddu, 0.25S/31.40E,

3800 ft., [IX.1911, S. A. Neave (BMNH); | <4, Buamba

Forest, 0.50N/30.03E, Semliki Valley, X1.1911, S.A. Nea-

ve (BMNH); | 4, Mpanga Forest, 0.15N/32.05E, Toro,

4800ft, XI.1911, S. A. Neave (BMNH); 1 9, Entebbe,

1.1912, S. A. Neave (BMNH); | 9, between Sezima Ri-

ver and Kampala, VIII.1912, S. A. Neave (BMNH)); 2 9,

Entebbe, 1.1912, V.1914, S. A. Neave (BMNH); 1 4, Mu-

bande, 1.1923, H. Hargreaves (NMK); 1 4, Mabira Fo-

rest, 0.30N/32.55E, X.1937, T. H. E. Jackson (NMK); 1

&, Osiri, N-Kavirondo, VI.1943, H. J. A. Turner (NMK);

1 3, Busia, 0.28N/34.02E, VI.1940, A. F. J. Gedye

(NMK); 11 9, 5 4, Kampala, 0.19N/32.35E, VI.1940,

XII.1946, XII.1952, A. F. Gedye (7 ex. BMNH, 8 ex.

NMK, 1 ex. USNM); 1 9, 2 6, Kalinzu Forest,

0.25S/30.05E, IX.1947, A. F. J. Gedye (NMK); 1 9,

Bwamba Forest, III.1948, J. G. Williams (NMK); 2 3, To-

roro Forest, 0.41N/34.05E, V.1956, R. Carcasson (NMK);

2 3, Bwamba Forest, II.1972 (CRB); 1 4, Kibale NP,

0.50N/31.06E, 1600 m, VII.—VII.1998, L. Schmidt

(ZFMK); 2 ex., Bwindi NP, 0.42S/30.43E, X.2002, V. Si-

Ilha (CVS). — Zimbabwe. | <, Mutare, 18.58S/32.40E,

Bvumba Rd. km 16, VIII.1998, Marlin E. Rice (TAMU).

Monoleptoides trivialis (Gerstaecker, 1855), comb. nov.

Monolepta trivialis Gerstaecker, 1855: 638.

Candezea umbilicata Laboissiére, 1920: 51; syn. nov.

Total length. 4.10—5.40 mm (mean: 4.66 mm; n= 12).

Head. Pale yellow to yellow, including palpi and anten-

nae, only terminal antennomere brown (Fig. 3 a—c), sub

terminal antennomeres rarely brownish-yellow. Antennae

very long and slender (Fig. 3 e, f). Length of second to

third antennomere 0.72—0.78 (mean: 0.75), length of third

to fourth antennomere 0.53—0.63 (mean: 0.58).

Thorax. Pronotum pale yellow, narrow (Fig. 3 a—c), pos-

terior angles distinct (Fig. 3 a—d), median length to max-

imum width 0.69—0.74 (mean: 0.72). Elytra ovate and

comparatively roughly punctate. Elytra pale yellow in 10

% of material examined (Fig. 3a); others with a slender

transverse black band at elytral base that sometimes reach-

es the basal margin close to the yellow scutellum, from

which it is separated by at least half the width of the scutel-

©ZFMK

178 Thomas Wagner

lum (Fig. 3b, c) and one pair of small black spots after

the second third (Fig. 3b, c) which are rarely connected,

and therefore not forming a homogenous black band. In

10 % of material there is only one spot in the apical third.

One specimen from Mozambique (Buzia River), and an-

other from Tanzania (Lukuled1) with a narrow black line

on outer eltyral margin and sutural margin. Length of

elytron 3.15—4.25 mm (mean 3.74 mm), maximum ely-

tral width 2.20—2.90 mm (mean: 2.59 mm). Width of both

elytra to length of elytron 0.64—0.71 (mean: 0.67). Legs

pale yellow.

Abdomen. Pale yellow.

Male genitalia. Median lobe dorso-ventrally compressed,

widening distinctly basally and in the apical third, point-

ed and deeply incised at the apex, endophallus usually with

three pairs of spiculae of different lengths (Fig. 3g—1).

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

H | J

Fig. 4. Morphology of Monoleptoides advena (Weise, 1909). a—d. Habitus showing typical colour variation. e. Pronotum, detail.

f, g. Basal antennomeres one to four of male (f) and female (g). h—j. Median lobe, lateral (h), dorsal (1), and ventral, without en-

dophallic structures (j). k. Spermathecae of two different females. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Female genitalia. Spermatheca with small nodulus, and

broad cornu (Fig. 3)).

Diagnosis. Monoleptoides trivialis and M. didyma have

very similar colour patterns and are distributed sympatri-

cally over a wide range. Similar labels indicate that they

sometimes occur syntopically (Arabuko Sokoke and Ma-

lindi in Kenya; Zanzibar). Although both species are very

similar superficially, there are distinct differences in their

finer detail. Monoleptoides trivialis is larger, the elytra are

wider, more ovate and testaceus, the pronotum much nar-

rower (Figs 3d, 10e), and the antennae are longer than in

M. didyma. Both species can be separated by pronotal in-

dex (pronotal length to width in M. trivialis 0.70—0.74; M.

didyma 0.62—0.68), and antennal index (length of second

to third antennomere in M. trivialis 0.72—0.78, third to

fourth antennomere 0.53—0.63; M. didyma: second to third

antennomere 0.65—0.76, third to fourth antennomere

©ZFMK

Monoleptoides new genus 179

0.67—0.77). Body size and shape, shape of pronotum and

the antennae of M. trivialis are also very similar to M.

thomsoni, which only occurs sympatrically in south-east-

ern DRC. The male genitalia of both these species are sim-

ilar (Figs 3g—1, 7i-n), and together with the larger M. cen-

tromaculata (Fig. 8a—c) that also has a flat, apically point-

ed median lobe (Fig. 8g—1), these three species are obvi-

ously closely related. Monoleptoides trivialis can, how-

ever, be distinguished from both the other species by its

more slender pronotum (Figs 3d, 7f, 8d).

Distribution. Most specimens examined have been col-

lected in the coastal regions of Kenya, Tanzania and

Mozambique, with only a few recorded from the interior

of most of these countries and Zimbabwe (Fig. 12).

Type material examined

Monolepta trivialis: Holotype, 2°, “Sinna Peters / 30403

/ Monolepta trivialis Gerst.“* (MNHU; Fig. 20d). Type lo-

cality: Mozambique, Sena, 17.45S/34.55E. Holotype by

inference, original description indicates “nur ein Exem-

plar von Sena”.

Candezea umbilicata: Holotype, 2, “Museum Paris,

Afrique Orient. Ang]. Mombasa, Ch. Alluaud 1904 / Juil-

let / Coll. R. I. Sc. N. B. / Type / Candezea umbilicata La-

bois. V. Laboissiere — dét. / Muséum Paris Coll. Généra-

le” (MNHN; Fig. 20e). Type locality: Kenya, Mombasa,

4.04S/39.40E. In his short description Laboissi¢re men-

tioned data for only one specimen, since this is the only

one available, it can be treated as the holotype.

Further material examined

Kenya. | °, Malindi, Gede Forest, 3.18S/40.01E, V.1990,

Werner (CMD); 1 <@, Kilifi distr., Arabuko Sokoke,

3.20S/39.52E, Forest Reserve, [X.—X.1992, L. Bartolozzi

et al. (MZSF). — Mozambique. | 9°, Lour. Marques,

25.58S/32.25E, 11.1021, C. B. Hardenberg (MNHU); | 3,

“30406, Mozamb. Peters” (MNHU); | 3, Vallée du Pun-

goue Guengere, 18.45S/33.40E, 1906, G. Vasse (MNHN);

1 92, Chibababa, Lower Buzi River, 19.52S/34.45E,

XII.1906, C. F. M. Swynnerton (BMNH); | 2, Pomene,

22.59S/35.35E, V.1975, beaten on coastal bush, A. Stry-

dom (TMSA). — Tanzania. | @, Lukuledi, 11.27S/38.47E,

Coll. Ertl (MRAC); 1 9, Tanga, 5.07S/39.05E, II.1936

(BMNH); 1 &, Inter Dar es Salaam et L. Tanganjika

(HMNH); | 2, Bagamoya, 6.19S/38.20E, (ZMUH); | 3,

Sansibar, 6.10S/39.12E, Hildebrandt, 60586 (MNHU),; 1

9, mittlerer Rufiyi, Schneider (MNHU); 1 9, Parek,

6.17S/39.30E, 1600 m, Sammlung Dr. Chr. Schréder

(MNHU); 1 &, Morogoro, 6.49S/37.40E, Nachlass

Schmitt (NHMW); | 2, Upogoro, 8.19S/34.42E, X1.1912

(MNHU); 3 2, 3 3, Zansibar, Mhonda Ouzigoua, A. Hac-

quard Mis. ap. 1879, 1. Trim. 1880, coll. R. Oberthur (1

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

ex. MNCN, 5 ex., MNHN); 1 9, 1 3, Mombo,

4.54S/38.18E, VI.1899, ex coll. J. Weise (MNHU); | ex.

“didyma co-typ Gerst.” (MNHU); 1 9, Mtanza,

7.51S/38.25E, V.1910, Holtz (MNHU); 2 9, D. Ostafri-

ka, Litema-Gebirge, 3.24S/37.37E, Bottcher (MNHU); |

©, Pangani Falls Forest, 5.20S/38.40E, I —II.1993, Fron-

tier-Tanzania (ZMUC). — Zimbabwe. | 2, Matabele,

20.05S/30.57E, Hard af Seg. (NHRS).

Monoleptoides advena (Weise, 1909), comb. nov.

Monolepta advena Weise, 1909: 210.

Monolepta keniensis Bryant, 1953: 866; syn. nov.

Total length. 5.00—6.70 mm (mean: 5.73; n= 12).

Head. Pale yellow, mouth parts pale yellow to yellow. An-

tennae pale yellow, usually only tip of terminal anten-

nomere black (Fig. 4a—d); comparatively short, length of

second to third antennomere 0.77—0.83 (mean: 0.80), and

length of third to fourth 0.55—0.60 (mean: 0.58; Fig. 4f,

g).

Thorax. Pronotum pale yellow to yellow, distinctly trans-

verse, median length to maximal width 0.57—0.66 (mean:

0.61; Fig. 4e), comparatively flat with an indistinct me-

dian transverse depression. Elytra completely yellow to

pale brownish-yellow in half the material examined (Fig.

4a), but bright citric yellow in live specimens. Some spec-

imens with large black spots close to the scutellum and

at the beginning of the terminal third (Fig. 4b). In 10 %

of the material examined, e. g. some type specimens of

M. advena, these spots can be confluent forming an irreg-

ular longitudinal band (Fig. 4c). Specimens with isolated

black spots with brownish-red stripe along the basal two

thirds of the suture (Fig. 4d) make up 20 % of all speci-

mens examined, e. g. the type specimens of M. keniensis.

Colouration in specimens with spots always includes black

elytral tips (Fig. 4b—d), a few yellow specimens have on-

ly these small black elytral tips. Elytra ovate, dorso-ven-

trally compressed, shallowly punctuated, length of elytron

3.85-5.40 mm (mean 4.31), maximum elytral width

2.60—3.50 mm (mean: 2.98), maximal width of both ely-

tra to length of elytron 0.63—0.71 (mean: 0.67). Legs pale

yellow.

Abdomen. Pale yellow to yellow.

Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided in dorsal view,

blunt apically and not deeply incised, gently curved in lat-

eral view (Fig. 4h). One pair of long endophallic spicu-

lae (Fig. 41, }).

Female genitalia. Spermatheca with small nodulus, and

very broad cornu with short tip (Fig. 4k).

©ZFMK

180 Thomas Wagner

Diagnosis. On average a large species with a distinctly

transverse pronotum that can most easily be confused with

M. duplicata which occurs sympatrically at least in Kenya,

except for the coastal areas. Monoleptoides advena has,

on average, a more slender pronotum (pronotal length to

width: 0.57—0.66; M. duplicata: 0.63—0.68). Specimens

with dorsal colour patterns (Fig. 4b—d) can easily be iden-

tified. In entirely yellow specimens only dissection of the

male genitalia allows reliable species determination; M.

advena has a comparatively broad, parallel-sided median

lobe (Fig. 4h-j), while that of M. duplicata is narrower,

and narrows, at least slightly, sub apically (Fig. 21-n).

Distribution. Restricted to montane areas in northern Tan-

zania (Kilimandjaro, West-, and East Usambara) and

Kenya (Mau Escarpment, Nairobi, Taita Hills; Fig. 13).

Type material

Monolepta advena: Lectotype, 3, “Kilimandjaro / Type /

Monolepta advena m / ex coll. J. Weise” (MNHU; Fig.

20h). Type locality: Tanzania, Klimandjaro, 3.09S/36.51E.

— Paralectotypes: 1 9, “Kilimandjaro, Sjéstedt, 1905-6 /

Kibonoto Kulturz. / 99730 / aug. / ex coll. J. Weise / Ty-

pe / Monolepta advena cotype m” (MNHU); 1 9, “Kili-

mandjaro, Sjéstedt, VIII.1905-6 / Kibonoto Kulturz. / aug.

/ ex coll. J. Weise (MNHU); 1 3, “Kilimandj., Sjéstedt /

Kibonoto Kulturz. / male / advena m / aug. / Typus”

(NHRS); 1 9, “Kilimandj., Sjéstedt / Kibonoto Kulturz.

/ 20. april” (NHRS). Weise mentioned each of the four fe-

males and males, which are syntypes and a lectotype has

been designated to fix the name on a single specimen.

Monolepta keniensis: Holotype, °, “Type / Kabarnet, Dist.

Baringo, I-1944, Museum staff.‘ (BMNH; Fig. 201). Holo-

type by original designation. Type locality: Kenya, Rift

Valley, Lake Baringo, 1.17S/36.50E. — Paratypes: 1 9,

Nairobi, 1.17S/38.18E, 18.X.1920, A. F. J. Gedye

(BMNH); 2 9, “Bura, Teita, 5000 ft, II.1939” (BMNH).

Bryant mentioned five paratypes from Teita, only two of

them are available in the BMNH; the specimen with the

same locality data in NMK is not a type specimen.

Further material examined

Kenya. 1 3, 1 9, Bura, Teita, 3.30S/38.18E, II.1939

(NMK); 1 2, 1 @, Taita Hills, Wundanyi, IV.1997, M.

Snizek (MIZT); 1 <, Taita Hills, Mbolo Forest,

3.20S/38.29E, III.1998, ICIPE (NMK); | <, Taita Hills,

near Wundanyi, 1680 m, 3.21S/38.17E, Th. Wagner

(ZFMK). — Tanzania. | 9, Kilimandscharo, Chr. Schroder

(MNHU); 1 4, Usambara, 1893 (BMNH); 1 3, Mombo,

4.54S/38.18E, Paul, ex coll. J. Weise (MNHU); 1 6,

Mombo, Paul ,,testacea ? m / Typus“* (NHRS); 2 9, 1 2,

Mombo, VII.1899 (MNHU).

Monoleptoides horni (Laboissiére, 1931), comb. nov.

Candezea horni Laboissiére, 1931: 32.

Total length. 5.45—6.80 mm (mean: 6.12 mm; n = 8).

Head. Pale yellow, including labrum and palpi. Antenna

very characteristic with fourth to eighth antennomeres

black in contrast with the other basal and apical anten-

nomeres (Fig. 5a). Length of second to third antennomere

0.75—0.86 (mean: 0.82), length of third to fourth anten-

nomere 0).47—0.56 (mean: 0.51; Fig. 5c, d).

E F G

Fig. 5. Morphology of Monoleptoides horni (Laboissiére, 1931). a. Habitus showing typical colour variation. b. Pronotum, de-

tail. c, d. Basal antennomeres one to four of male (c) and female (d). e-g. Median lobe, lateral (e), dorsal (f), and ventral, without

endophallic structures (g). h. Spermathecae of two different females. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

©ZFMK

Monoleptoides new genus 181

Thorax. Pronotum pale yellow, distinctly transverse, me-

dian length to maximum width 0.62—0.66 (mean: 0.64).

Pronotum with indistinct, medially interrupted transverse

depression (Fig. 5b). Elytra ovate to sub parallel, length

of elytron 4.20—5.00 mm (mean 4.58), maximum elytral

width 2.55—3.20 mm (mean: 2.84); maximum width of

both elytra to length of elytron 0.58—0.66 (mean: 0.62).

Elytra entirely yellow to pale reddish-yellow (Fig. 5a).

Scutellum yellow. Legs pale yellow.

Abdomen. Abdominal segments and pygidium yellow.

Male genitalia. Median lobe comparatively short, paral-

lel-sided, straight in lateral view (Fig. 5f), apical incision

short and indistinct (Fig. 5e, g); ventral groove broad in

the apical half (Fig. 5g). Endophallus with many very slen-

der spiculae (Fig. 5a, b), tectum slender and sharply point-

ed.

Female genitalia. Spermatheca with large nodulus, cor-

nu very slender and straight, or at least curved apically

(Fig. Sh).

Diagnosis. A comparatively large species with an entire-

ly pale dorsum. Most similar to the entirely yellow spec-

imens of the sympatric species M. duplicata and M. thom-

soni, but M. horni can easily be distinguished by anten-

nomeres four to eight, which are black (Fig. 5a), and in

any doubtful cases by the genitalia of both sexes (Fig.

5e-h). Dyolania oculata (Jacoby, 1903) is also similar to

M. horni. Both species share the peculiar antennal

colouration, and occur sympatrically in Equatorial Guinea

(including Bioko) and Cameroon (Bauer & Wagner 2010),

but D. oculata has an entirely reddish-yellow dorsum and

much narrower pronotum and elytra. Distinct differences

in the shape and structure of the genitalia of both species

underline the genetic differentiation between these two

species.

Distribution. Restricted to a very small area in Equato-

rial-Guinea, Gabon, Togo and Cameroon (Fig. 14).

Type material

Lectotype: 2, ’*Joko Kamerun / ex. coll. Laboissiére. Coll.

R. I. Sc. N. B. / Candezea horni m. V. Laboissiére — Det.

1931 / Holotype“ (IRSN; Fig. 20k). Laboissiére mentioned

at least four specimens in his original description. A lec-

totype is here designated to fix the name on a single spec-

imen. Type locality: Cameroon, Joko, 5.29N/12.19E. —

Paralectotype: 1 9, Togo, Conradt, ex. coll. Kraatz

(DEIS).

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

Further material examined

Cameroon. | ex., Joko, 5.29N/12.19E (ZMUH); | ex.,

Yaunde, 3.51N/11.31E, V.1897, v. Carnap (MNHU); | ex.,

Yaunde, III.1895, Zenker (MNHU); | ex., N’Kongsam-

ba, 4.49N/9.53E, VII.1957, J. Cantaloube (MNHN). —

Equatorial Guinea. 2 ex., Fernando Poo, 3.30N/8.42E,

V.1900, L. Conradt (MNHU); 1 ex., Fernando Poo, Sta.

Isabel, 3.45N/8.42E, VII.1900, L. Conradt (MNHU); | ex.,

Valle del Mvulu, Nniefang, L. Baguena (MNCN); 3 ex.,

Fernando Poo, Basupu, VI.1919, Escalera (MNCN)); I ex.,

Fernando Poo, Sta. Isabel, VI.1919, Escalera (MNCN). —

Gabon. 2 ex., Nsessé par Loango, 1.35S/10.00E, coll. E.

Cordier (IRSN).

Monoleptoides mertensi (Laboissiére, 1940),

comb. nov.

Candezea mertensi Laboissiére, 1940b: 12.

Total length. 5.00—7.20 mm (mean: 6.36 mm; n = 15).

Head. Pale yellow, including labrum and palpi. Antenna

either entirely pale yellow (Fig. 6b), or terminal anten-

nomere brown to blackish (Fig. 6a), or rarely up to five

sub terminal antennomeres brown (Fig. 6c). Length of sec-

ond to third antennomere 0.53—0.66 (mean: 0.60), length

of third to fourth antennomere 0.54—0.66 (mean: 0.61; Fig.

6e, f).

Thorax. Pronotum pale yellow, distinctly transverse, me-

dian length to maximum width 0.58—0.68 (mean: 0.62).

Pronotum with distinct, medially interrupted transverse de-

pression (Fig. 6d). Elytra ovate, length of elytron

4.20-5.80 mm (mean 4.89), maximum elytral width

2.95—4.30 mm (mean: 3.55); maximum width of both ely-

tra to length of elytron 0.68—0.76 (mean: 0.73). Elytra in

about 70 % of specimens with a black humeral spot, a dis-

rupted transverse black band beyond the middle, and black

elytral tips (Fig. 6b); 10 % with the black elytral coloura-

tion more robust (Fig. 6c); 10 % with the humeral spots

and elytral apex brownish-red and the transverse band re-

duced to a small spot just below the middle (Fig. 6a); or

rarely with two spots on each elytron; elytra with brown-

ish-red base and tip only (i. e. without black dorsal pat-

tern) and very rarely yellow in the remaining material ex-

amined. Scutellum yellow. Legs pale yellow.

Abdomen. Abdominal segments and pygidium yellow.

Male genitalia. Median lobe slender, ovate in cross-sec-

tion, apical part curved ventrally (Fig. 6g), widening

©ZFMK

182 Thomas Wagner

H |

Fig. 6. Morphology of Monoleptoides mertensi (Laboissiére, 1940). a—c. Habitus showing typical colour variation. d. Pronotum,

detail. e, f. Basal antennomeres one to four of male (e) and female (f). g—i. Median lobe, lateral (g), dorsal (h), and ventral, with-

out endophallic structures (i). j. Spermathecae of two different females. Scale bars: 1 mm.

slightly near the apex (Fig. 6h, 1); ventral groove very

broad in the apical half (Fig. 61). Endophallus with many

very slender and one pair of shorter, more robust spicu-

lae (Fig. 6g, h), tectum slender and very pointed.

Female genitalia. Spermatheca with large, nearly spher-

ical nodulus, and slender, distinctly curved cornu (Fig. 6)).

Diagnosis. The largest species in the genus and distin-

guishable from most others purely by size and the broad-

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

ly laterally rounded elytra. Also, elytra with three trans-

verse bands (Fig. 6c) do not occur in any other species of

Monoleptoides, with the exception of a few specimens of

M. sulcata, which has a red pronotum with black discal

spots (Fig. 9b); or similar to elytral spots of few M. ad-

vena (Fig. 4b, d) where the black colour does not extend

onto the lateral parts of the humeri, and which occurs al-

lopatrically. Specimens with a brownish-red elytral base

and tip (Fig. 6a) are only found in this species, and very

rarely in the much smaller M. thomsoni. Only in some en-

©ZFMK

Monoleptoides new genus 183

tirely yellow specimens is dissection of the genitalia nec-

essary, where M. mertensi show distinct patterns in both

sexes (Fig. 6g-}).

Distribution. Restricted to Guineo-Congolian forests in

Central Africa, and most abundant in the Congo basin (Fig.

15).

Type material

Holotype: 2, ’ Type / Congo-belge: Kwango Ngowa XIII-

1937 R. P. J. Mertens / R. Mus. Hist. Nat. Belg. I.G. 11.648

/ cf. Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Belg. XVI, n° 25, 1940 p. 11-

22 / V. Laboissiere rev., 1940: Candezea Mertensi m. Type

/ Holotypus* (IRSN ; Fig. 201). Holotype by original des-

ignation. Type locality: Congo (Zaire), Kwango,

5.70S/16.58E.

Paratypes: 22 ex., same locality as holotype (IRSN).

Further material examined

Cameroon. | ex., Mt. Balmayo, 3.13N/11.30E, leg. Bar-

ga, coll. Breuning (MRAC); | ex., Batouri District,

3.75N/13.75E, V—VI1.1935, F. G. Merfield (BMNH),; | ex.,

Nkongsamba, Mt. N’Lonako, 4.59N/9.53E, 1800 m,

5.00N/9.88E, 1939, P. Lepisme, R. Paulian, A. Villiers

(MNHN); 2 ex., Bitye fa river, 3000 f., 3.02N/12.37E,

1952, ex. coll. Oberthur (MNHN); 5 ex., Nkongsamba,

5.00N/9.52E, I.—VI.1957, J. Cataloube (MNHN); 1 ex.,

Nkolbisson, Dept. Nyong et Sanaga, 3.42N/11.00E,

X.1963, L. G. Saegers (MRAC); | ex., Meyo, XII.1968,

B. de Miré (MNHN); 1 ex., Essazok, Test Kakao,

3.68N/11.53E, XI.1969, B. de Miré (MNHN). — Central

Africa. | ex., 1.1957, Rafaii Hr. Oubanghi, Le Moult vend.

via Reinbek (ZMUH). — Congo (Republic). | ex., Braz-

zaville, Mission Chari-Tchad, 4.27S/15.28E, 1904, D. J.

Decorse (MNHN); 2 Ex., Env. de Brazzaville,

4.27S/15.28E, 1907, E. Roubaud & A. Weiss (MNHN);

1 ex., Odzala Nat.-Park, 0.38N/14.83E, I.—III.1997, S.

Murzin & V. Siniaev (CLM). — Congo (Zaire). 1 ex., Kon-

go (DEIS); 1 ex. Kongo (IRSN); 1 ex., Congo, Dannfelt

(NHRS); 1 ex., Kassongo a Stanleyfalls, 0.50N/25.20E,

Rom. (IRSN); 1 ex., Uélé, Kasai, 2.58N/24.15E, L. Achten

(MRAC); 1 ex., Kibali-Ituri, Ukaika, 0.45N/28.45E,

XII.1910, Grauer (NHMW); 1 ex., Tshuapa, Itoka,

0.17S/23.08E, X.1912, R. Mayné (MRAC); 1 ex., Uban-

gi, Yambata, 2.43N/21.57E, XII.1912, R. Mayné (MRAC);

1 ex., Lac Leopold II, Tolo, 2.55S/18.58E, XII.1913, Dr.

J. Maes (MRAC); 1 ex., Tshuapa, Ikenge 0.10S/18.44E,

IV.1914, R. Mayné (MRAC); 3 ex., Lac Leopold UH, Bum-

buli, 3.40S/20.52E, IV.1915, R. Mayné (MRAC); | ex.,

entre Moyen Congo, Léopoldville et Stanleyville,

2.40S/20.25E, 1918, L. Burgeon (MNHN)); 1 ex., Kivu,

Kashewe, 1.56S/28.50E, 1920, coll. C. Babault (MNHN);

2 ex., Uélé, Moto, 2.45N/26.42E, 1920, L. Burgeon

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

(MRAC); 1 ex., Haut-Uelé, Watsa a Niangara,

3.05N/29.53E, VII.1920, L. Burgeon (MRAC); 2 ex.,

Stanleyville, 0.50N/25.20E, VII.1920 (IRSN); 1 ex.,

Tshuapa, Bikoro, 0.45N/18.12E, H1.1921, Dr. H. Schou-

teden (MRAC); | ex., Kasai, Bashishombe, 4.38S/21.05E,

VIH.1921, J. Ghesquiere (MRAC); | ex., Kwango (Ka-

sai), Ipamu, 4.12S/19.41E, 1922, P. Vanderijst (MRAC);

1 ex., Mayumbe, Seke-Banza; 5.33S/13.27E, I1.1924, A.

Collart (MRAC); | ex., Kwango, Kimbou, 4.15S/17.08E,

1925, P. Vanderijst (MRAC); 7 ex., Kasai, Sankuru,

4.28S/20.42E, 11.1925, J. Ghesquiere (MRAC); | ex., San-

kuru, Lomela, 2.30S/23.28E, IV.1925, J. Ghesquiére

(MRAC); | ex., Sankuru Foret de Lankala, Sankuru (Riv.),

4.28S/20.42E, IV.1925, J. Ghesquiere (MRAC); | ex.,

Stanleyville, Barumbu, 1.23N/23.52E, VII.1925, J. Ghe-

squicre (MRAC); 1 ex., Stanleyville, 0.50N/25.20E,

X.1925, J. Ghesquiere (MRAC); 3 ex., Equateur, Tshua-

pa, Bokote, 0.08S/20.13E, 1926, R. P. Hulstaert (MRAC);

1 ex., Uélé, Tibo, 3.28N/27.58E, IV.1926, A. Collart

(IRSN); 1 ex., Stanleyville, 0.50N/25.20E, V.1926, Dr. H.

Schouteden (MRAC); 6 ex., Equateur (Tshuapa), Flandria,

0.33S/19.10E, IV.1928, R. P. Hulstaert (MRAC); 12 ex.,

Stanleyville, 0.50N/25.20E, VIII.1928, VI.1929, XI.,

XI1I.1929, A. Collart (IRSN); 9 ex., Ituri, Lubutu,

0.42S/26.58E, [X., X.1929, A. Collart (8 ex. IRSN, 1 ex.

MRAC); 1 ex., Masisi de Manlimba a Uluku, [X.1929, A.

Collart (IRSN); 6 ex., Sankuru, Komi, 3.48S/23.15E,

I.-IV.1930, J. Ghesqui¢re (MRAC); 1 ex., Bas Congo,

Mangembo, 4.40S/14.27E, 1932, Dr. Zwolakowski

(MRAC); | ex., Ubangi, Solweo, 0.50S/17.45E, 1.1932,

Brédo (MRAC); | ex., Lulua, Kapanga, 8.35S/22.58E,

X.1932, F. G. Overlaet (MRAC); 3 ex., Tshuapa, Eala,

0.07N/18.28E, VIL.—VIII.1933, A. Corbisier (MRAC); 1

ex., Uélé, Bambesa, 3.47N/25.42E, X.1933, J. V. Leroy

(MRAC); | ex., Uélé, Dingila, 3.38N/26.07E, X1.1933, J.

V. Leroy (MRAC); 79 ex., Tshuapa, Eala, 0.07N/18.28E,

1935, I—XI.1936, J. Ghesquiére (MRAC); | ex., Tshua-

pa, Eala, 0.07N/18.28E, [V.1936, P. Henrard (MRAC); 1

ex., Maniema, Kima, 6.03S/24.48E, 1937, E. Milliau

(MRAC); | ex., Prov. Tshuapa, Lukolela, 1.05S/17.20E,

1937, R. Massart (IRSN); 5 ex., Uélé, Bambesa,

3.47N/25.41E, HI/V/TX.1937, J. Vrydagh (1 ex. IRSN, 4

ex. MRAC); | ex., Rutshuru, 1.18S/29.45E, IV.1937, J.

Ghesquiere (MRAC); 1 ex., Ubangi, Gemena,

3.25N/19.46E, 1.1938, G. Léontovich (MRAC); 1 ex.,

Kwango, Ngowa; 5.39S/16.28E, II.1938, R. P. J. Mertens

(IRSN); 1 ex., Uélé, Bambesa, 3.28N/25.41E, V.1938, P.

Henrard (MRAC); 2 ex., Kwango, Ngowa; 5.42S/16.34E,

XII.1938, VI.1939, R. P. J. Mertens (IRSN); 2 ex., Bas

Congo, Mayidi, 5.18S/15.15E, 1945, Rév. P. van Eyen

(MRAC); 4 ex., Kivu, Kitwambalezi, 2.52S/28.58E, 1946,

L. Herrinck (MRAC); 2 ex., Stanleyville, Basoko,

1.23N/23.40E, V.1949, P. L. G. Benoit (MRAC); 20 ex.,

Stanleyville, Yangambi, 0.43N/24.22E, X.1951, 11.1952,

II, HI, VIUI.1953, V.1954, X, X1I.1959, J. Decelle (MRAC);

©ZFMK

184 Thomas Wagner

F G

Fig. 7. Morphology of Monoleptoides thomsoni (Allard, 1888). a—e. Habitus showing typical colour variation. f. Pronotum, de-

tail. g, h. Basal antennomeres one to four of male (g) and female (h). i-l. Median lobe of a typical specimen, lateral (1), lateral with

everted endophallus (j), dorsal (k), and ventral, without endophallic structures (1). m, n. Median lobe of a large specimen, lateral

(m), dorsal (n). 0. Spermathecae of two different females. Scale bars: 1 mm.

3 ex., Stanleyville, Yangambi, 1952, C. Donis/ R. Mayné

(MRAC); 1 ex., Stanleyville, Ongoka, 1.38S/26.03E,

IV/TX.1952, J. Patos (MRAC); 7 ex., Equateur (Tshuapa),

Bokuma, 0.10S/18.42E, XII.1951, VII.1952, Rév. P. Lo-

otsen (MRAC); 1 ex., Maniema, Kisamba, 4.10S/26.50E,

[X.1954, Dr. J. Claessens (MRAC); | ex., Tshuapa, Ike-

la, 1.18S/23.27E, 1955, R. Deguide (MRAC); 9 ex.,

Tshuapa, Ikela, 1955, X1.1956, Rév. P. Loosen (MRAC);

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

1 ex., P N. A., Massif Ruwenzori, Téte de source, riv. In-

dray, affl. Semliki, 1840 m, 0.49N/30.07E, XI.1956, P.

Vanschuytbroeck (IRSN); 1 ex., P. N. A., secteur nord,

Tungula, affl. dr. Semliki, 0.48N/30.04E, 1.1957, P. Van-

schuytbroeck (IRSN); 1 ex., P. N. A., secteur nord, Killa,

village chef Kaparata, 1000 m, 0.47N/25.17E, 1.1957, P.

Vanschuytbroeck (IRSN); 1 ex., Stanleyville, Yangambi,

0.47N/24.47E, XII.1958, P. Dessert (MRAC); 3 ex., Yan-

©ZFMK

Monoleptoides new genus 185

gambi, XI.1959, P. Dessart (IRSN); 2 ex., Maniema, Ka-

songo, Riv. Lomami, 4.45S/26.41E, II/II.1960, P. L. G.

Benoit (MRAC); 1 ex., Kivu, Féret de Kasuo,

0.23S/29.02E, XII.1966, R. P. Celis (MRAC); 3 ex., Zai-

re, Tshuapa, Etata, 0.23S/20.44E, VII.—X.1969, V.1970,

J. Hauwaerts (MRAC); 1 ex., Mayumbe, Kilengi,

5.22S/13.38E, V.1970, P. M. Elsen (MRAC); 2 ex., Ki-

sangani, 0.50N/25.20E, VII.1971, J Traveniers (MRAC);

10 ex., Djoumouna (stream), galerie f6restiére,

4.38S/15.16E, 1.1973, Cornic (MNHN); 3 ex., Makoua,

0.01N/15.38E, 1.1973, C. Morin (MNHN); 1 ex., Ban-

deko, 1.54N/17.35E, XI.973, C. Morin (MNHN); | ex.,

Djoumouna (stream), 4.38S/15.16E, I.1975, C. Morin

(MNHN); | ex., Mossenbjo, III.1976, G. Onore (MNHN);

1 ex., Tshuapa, Eala, 0.07N/18.28E, VII.1980, R. Kiss

(IRSN); 2 ex., 1993, Thollon (MNHN). — Equatorial Gui-

nea. | ex., Fernando Poo, Basile, 3.45N/8.51E, [X.1901,

L. Fea (MCGD); 1 ex., Is Fernando Poo, Musola,

3.33N/8.37E, 1.1902, L. Fea (MCGD); 1 ex., Nkolentan-

gan, 1.31N/9.51E, VI.1907—V.1908, G. Tessmann

(MNHU).

Monoleptoides thomsoni (Allard, 1888), comb. nov.

Monolepta thomsoni Allard, 1888: 286.

Total length. 4.40—6.00 mm (mean: 5.19 mm; n = 35).

Head. Pale yellow to yellow (Fig. 7a, b), or reddish-yel-

low (Fig. 7d, e), frons usually paler than vertex (Fig. 7c),

labrum, palpi and antenna pale yellow to yellow, usually

only terminal antennomere with black tip (Fig. 7a—e). An-

tenna comparatively short, antennomeres slender; length

of second to third antennomere 0.64—0.88 (mean: 0.75),

particularly in males with short third antennomeres (Fig.

7g, h), length of third to fourth antennomere 0.56—0.72

(mean: 0.63).

Thorax. Pronotum yellow to reddish-yellow (Fig. 7a—d),

only four specimens known with a small, medial, black

pronotal spot near the basal margin in posterior third (Fig.

Je), distinctly convex dorsally (Fig. 7f). Pronotum slen-

der, median length to maximum width 0.66—0.74 (mean:

0.70). Elytra completely yellow in about 10 % of materi-

al examined (Fig. 7a), few specimens (as the type) with

reddish-brown elytral base and apical tip (Fig. 7b), but

more than 80 % with black transverse elytra bands (Fig.

7c—e). All four specimens from Zimbabwe with narrow

black elytral outer margins and suture. Elytra slender,

length of elytron 3.45—4.20 mm (mean 3.91 mm), maxi-

mum elytral width 2.40—3.00 mm (mean: 2.70 mm). Width

of both elytra to length of elytron 0.64—0.74 (mean: 0.68).

Scutellum yellow. Legs pale yellow to yellow.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

Abdomen. Pale yellow to yellowish-red.

Male genitalia. Median lobe narrow, parallel-sided, very

long and compressed, widening slightly apically (Fig. 7k),

but sometimes indistinct (Fig. 7n), apex pointed with deep

median incision. Endophallic spiculae slender, short (Fig.

71-n).

Female genitalia. Spermatheca with small nodulus, and

very broad cornu with short tip (Fig. 70).

Diagnosis. The external characters and distribution of /.

duplicata are very similar to this species. Monoleptoides

thomsoni is, however, more frequent in West Africa, while

it is very rare east of the Central African Rift Valley. Both

species cannot be definitively distinguished without

doubt by external characters, despite M. thomsoni having

on average a more slender pronotum and elytra (pronotal

length to width: 0.66—0.74; M. duplicata: 0.63—0.68; width

of both elytra to length of elytron: 0.64—0.74; M. dupli-

cata: 0.68—0.77).

Only the shape of the median lobe allows a clear dif-

ferentiation of these two species (Figs 2i—n, 7i-n). Two

other species show similarity, namely M. trivialis and M.

centromaculata, but they mainly occur allopatrically and

can be differentiated by the shape of the pronotum and/or

male genital pattern (Figs 3d, g—1, 8d, g—).

Distribution and geographical variation. Most speci-

mens are known from humid savannah and tropical for-

est zones from Sierra Leone to Cameroon in West Africa,

and to a lesser extent, from the Congo basin. A few spec-

imens with peculiar colouration (narrow black outer ely-

tral margins and suture) have been collected in Zambia and

Zimbabwe along the south-eastern border of the distribu-

tion range. This species seems to be restricted to the

Guineo-Congolian forest area and does not occur further

eastwards than the easternmost distribution of this vege-

tation type in western Kenya (Kakamega Forest).

There is little geographical colour variation. All the

specimens from Sierra Leone have a red or reddish head

and pronotum (Fig. 7d), while black markings in the dor-

sal colouration constantly decrease in size moving in the

direction of the Congo basin. Here specimens with a yel-

low pronotum and small elytral bands (Fig. 7c) are more

abundant. There are only six (of seven) specimens collect-

ed from savannahs in the Garamba National Park which

are entirely yellow, whilst the sympatric M. duplicata all

have black bands. This might be an effect of character dis-

placement. Specimens with the same colouration as the

type specimen (Figs 7b, 20g) occur mainly in Nigeria (Fig.

16).

©ZFMK

186 Thomas Wagner

Type material examined

Holotype, | 9, “Thomsoni typus / Monolepta thomsonii

Muss. Calabar / Monolepta thomsoni (Mur) All. V. Cal-

abar / Ex Musaeo 1899 Coll. R. Oberthtir Coll. G. Allard

/ Muséum Paris 1952 / Holotypus / Mus. Calabar; Mus.

E. Allard 1899” (MNHN). Allard gave no data on the ma-

terial he studied in his short description, but since there

is only one specimen in his collection in MNHN indicat-

ing a type status, this can be treated as holotype by infer-

ence. Type locality: Nigeria, Old Calabar, 4.56N/8.22E.

Further material examined

Benin. 2 3, Dahomey, Zaguanado, 6.23N/2.14E, coll. Cla-

vareau (MRAC); 4 9, 4 3, Benin, Agoué, 6.13N/1.40E,

1879, Abbé Ménager (MNHN); | 9, Dahomey, 1903, E.

Poisson (MNHN). — Cameroon. 3 9, Joko, 5.29N/12.19E

(1 ex. BMNH, 2 ex. MRAC); 1 9, Duala, 4.10N/9.37E,

v. Rothkirch, coll. Clavareau (MRAC); 1 4, Kamerun, Ti-

bati, 6.28N/12.38E, II., L. Colin (MNHU); 1 3’, N’Kong-

samba, 4.59N/9.53E, J. Cantaloube (MNHN); 1 9, 1 3,

Bassam, 2.05N/13.20E, 1897, Le Moult vend, via Rein-

bek (ZMUH); 1 9, Duala, IX.1912, v. Rothkirch

(MNHU); 1 <G, Batouri distr., 3.45N/13.45 E, 750 m,

VI.1925, F. G. Meerfield coll. (BMNH); 1 4, Doula, 1939,

P. Lepesme, R. Paulian & A. Villiers (MNHN). — Central

African Republic. 1 2, Bosum, 6.19N/16.38E, VI.1914,

Tessmann (MNHU). — Congo (Zaire). 1 2°, Congo, Dan-

nfelt (NHRS); 1 9, 150-200 miles W. of Kambove,

1200-1500 m, LX.1904, Neave coll. (BMNH); | 4, Beni

Urwald, 0.30N/29.28E, 1.1898, Exp. Herzog Adolf zu

Mecklenburg, ex coll. J. Weise (MNHU); | 4, Mobwasa,

2.39N/23.03E, X1I.1912, R. Mayné (MRAC); | 9, Kasai,

Lulua, 5.54N/22.35E, 1921, L. Achten (MRAC); 1 3,

Bambuli, 1.48N/30.14E, IV.1915, R. Mayné (MRAC); 1

2, Kibenga-Baraka, 4.07S/29.06E, VII.1918, R. Mayné

(MRAC); 1 4, Basongo, 4.20S/20.24E, VII.1921, H.

Schouteden (MRAC); 1 9, Leopoldville, 4.18S/15.18E,

XII.1925, R. P. Hulstaert (MRAC); 1 9, Boyanga,

2.16N/21.45E, XI.1927, A. Collart (IRSN); 2 Q, alto

Uelle, Yakuluku, 4.20N/28.48E, IV.1927, F. S. Patrizi

(MCGD); | 9, Leverville, 4.50S/18.44E, 1928, J. Tinant

(MRAC); 1 9, 1 @, Kutu, Distr. Bangala, 1.36N/10.09E,

VI.1936, G. Settembrino (IRSN); 1 3, Ubangi, Budjala,

2.39N/19.42E, 1.1937, Leontovitch (MRAC); 1 9,1 3,

Bambesa, 3.28N/25.43E, 1938, J. Vrydagh (IRSN,

MRAC); 2 9, Yangambi, 0.47N/24.28E, km 5, II.1939,

M. Brouwers, coll. Basilewsky (MRAC); 1 9, Kibali-Ituri,

Kingwa, II.1940, A. Lepersonne (MRAC); | 2, Bas Con-

go, Mayidi, 5.18S/15.15E, 1945, Rév. P. van Eyen

(MRAC); | 9, Terr. de Dibaya, Kamponde, 6.45S/22.56E,

1945, Fr. Allaer (MRAC); 1 9, Libenge, 3.39N/18.38E,

1X.1947, R. Cremer & M. Neumann (IRSN); 1 9, P.N.

Upemba, Kabwe nr. Muye, 8.47S/26.52E, 1320 m,

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

V.1948, Miss. G. F. de Witte (IRSN); 4 9, 3 6, P.N.

Garamba, several locations, 4.10N/29.30E, V., EX.1950,

VL., VII.1952, Miss. H. de Saeger (IRSN), 2 ¢, Equateur,

Bokuma, 0.06S/18.42E, VII.1952, R. P. Lootens (MRAC);

3 2,3 &, Congo Belge, Kibali-Ituri, Nioka, 2.10N/30.39E,

VII.1952, J. Hecq (MRAC); 1 98, Mayumbe,

4.30S/12.30E, [X.1952, R. Mayné (MRAC); 3 9,2 0, P.

N.G., Anie, Pidigala, 4.27N/29.28E, V., XI.1950, IV.,

VII.1952, Miss. H. de Saeger (MRAC); 3 9, PN. A,

Ruwenzori, Kiurama, 2100 m, X.1953, P. Vanschuyt-

broeck & V. Hendrickx (IRSN); 1 9, Uele, Baye, terr.

Bondo, 4.19N/23.40E, VIII.1956, R. F. L. Rooyakkers

(MRAC); 1 4, Yangambi (Stanleyville), 0.47N/24.28E,

XII.1958, P. Dessart (MRAC); 1 9, 2 4, Lovanium (Kin-

shasa), 4.16S/15.19E, XII.1962, P. M. Elsen (MRAC). —

Gambia. 1 9%, 1 ©, Bolama, 11.33N/15.37W,

VI-XII.1899, L. Fea (MCGD, ZMUH). — Ghana. 2 9,

2 3, Gold Coast, 67.56 (BMNH); 2 2, 2 3, Takoradi,

4.55N/1.45W, Besnard, ex coll. Breuning (MRAC); 1 ¢,

Mamso, Anenfi, 5.45N/1.22W, IV—VI.19681, ex coll.

Breuning (MRAC); | 9, Boyasi, ca. 10 m SE of Kuma-

si, 6.42N/1.34W, 1000 ft., VII.1970, I. K. D. Acheampong

(BMNH). — Guinea. 1 9, Asente Akem, 7.53N/9.26W, Ju-

nod, coll. Clavareaux (MRAC); 1 9, 1 <, Dalaba,

10.47N/12.12W, 1200 m, VUI.1945, H. Durand (MNHN);

1 2, 1 3, Kindia, 10.04N/12.51W, 1964/65, J. Dedycker

(MRAC); 1 ex., Pastoria, [X.1983, C. B. Myrzin (CLM);

7 ex., Tabuna Valley, 9.31N/12.46W, [X.1983, 1.1984, C.

B. Myrzin (CLM); 2 ex., Mt. Gandan, 9.11N/10.33E,

TX.1984, C. B. Myrzin (CLM); 1 ex., Forecaniah,

9.25N/13.05W, [X.1984, C. B. Myrzin (CLM). — Ivory

Coast. | 3, Bingerville, 5.20N/3.53W, II.1896, Le Moult

vend, via Reinbek (ZMUH); 1 ©, Abengourou,

7.11N/3.59W, ex. Coll. Breuning (MRAC); 1 9, 1 3,

1897, Delafosse (MNHN); 2 2, 3 4, Haute Cote d’Ivo-

rie, Cercle de Mankono, 7.58N/6.02W, V., VI.1910, A.

Chevalier (MNHN); | 9, 2 3, Haute Sassandra, pays Dyo-

la, entre zonale et Sanrou, 8.02N/7.19W, V.1910, A. Che-

valier (MNHN); 3 2, 6 3, Cote d’Ivorie, G. Melou

(MNHN); 2 9, 3 3, Bingerville, 1914, G. Melou

(MNHN); 3 2, 1 3, Bingerville, VIII.1961, 1.1963, 1.1964,

J. Decelle (MRAC). — Kenya. | 3’, Kitale, Uasin Gishu,

1.00N/35.02E, 2100 m, Miss. de l’Omo, C. Arambourg

et al. (MNHN); 1 4, Kakamega Forest, Buyangu,

0.19N/34.47E, VII.2001, A. Patt (ZFMK); 12 ex., Kaka-

mega Forest, 0.17N/34.45E, X.2001, X.2002, 1.2003, fog-

ging TJeclea nobilis and Heinsenia dirvelloides, Th. Wag-

ner, W. Freund & C. Schmidt (ZFMK). — Nigeria. 2 9, |

3, Old Calabar, 4.56N/8.22E, Murray, ex. coll. Chevro-

lat (BMNH); 2 2, 2 4, Vieux Calabar, ex coll. E. Allard

(MNHN); 2 9, 1 G, Baly coll. (BMNH); 2 9, 3 3, Old

Calabar, 67-56 (BMHN); | 4, Old Calabar, coll. Fry, 1905

(BMNH); 1 9, 1 4, Old Calabar (112.45, BMNH); 5 9,

4 3, S-Nigeria, Lagos distr., 6.00N/4.00E, IX.1949, W. E.

S. Merrett (BMNH); | 9, Erinodo, 7.35N/4.53E, W-fall,

©ZFMK

Monoleptoides new genus 187

G H !

Fig. 8. Morphology of Monoleptoides centromaculata (Jacoby, 1900). a—c. Habitus showing typical colour variation. d. Prono-

tum, detail. e, f. Basal antennomeres one to four of male (e) and female (f). g—i. Median lobe, lateral (g), dorsal (h), and ventral,

without endophallic structures (1). j. Spermathecae of two different females. Scale bars: 1 mm.

111.1972, E. W. Classey (BMNH). — Sierra Leone. | 2,

Sierra Leone, ex coll. J. Weise (MNHU); | 9, Sierra Leo-

ne, 928 (ZMUH); 1 3, Sierra Leone (813. BMNH); 1 &,

1 4, Jacoby coll. (BMNH); 2 2, 1 4, Baly coll. (BMNH);

1 9, 1 G, Freetown, 8.13N/13.17W, A. Mocquerys

(MNHN); | 4, Rhobomp, 9.05N/12.54W, coll. Fry, 1905

(BMNH); 1 2, Rhobomp, coll. Kraatz (DEIS); 1 ¢, Sier-

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

ra-Leone, Afr. Occ. Angl., Le Moult vend., via Reinbek

(ZMUH). — Togo. 2 9, 2 4, Togo, Conradt, coll. Kraatz

(3 ex. DEIS, 1 ex. ZMUH); 1 <4, Bismarckburg,

IIL.—IV.1893, L. Conradt (MNHU); | 3, Bismarckburg,

8.15N/0.55E, V.1904, Glauning (MNHU); | ¢ Atakpame,

X.1984, K. Erber (ZFMK); 1 &, Kloto, Missahoe,

6.59N/0.40E, X.1990, K. Adlbauer (ZFMK). — Uganda.

©ZFMK

188 Thomas Wagner

ee |

aie ae

ees

Ka F

Fig. 9. Morphology of Monoleptoides sulcata (Laboissiere, 1940). a—c. Habitus showing typical colour variation. d. Pronotum,

detail. e, f. Basal antennomeres one to four of male (e) and female (f). g—i. Median lobe, lateral (g), dorsal (h), and ventral, with-

out endophallic structures (1). j. Spermathecae of two different females. Scale bars: | mm.

1 2,1 3, Buamba Forest, 0.45N/30.02E, Semliki Valley,

XI.1907, S. A. Neave (BMNH); 2 3, 2 9, Budongo Fo-

rest, 1.45N/31.35E, 1200 m, XII.1911, S. A. Neave

(BMNH); 1 3, Kampala, 0.19N/32.35E, XI.—XII.1920, S.

A. Neave (BMNH); 1 ex., Mabira Forest, Chagwe,

0.30N/32.55E, 1300 m, VII.1911, S. A. Neave (BMNH);

6 ex., Budongo Forest, 1.45N/31.35E, 1.1997 fogging Cy-

nometra alexandri and Rinorea beniensis, Th. Wagner

(ZFMK); 2 2, 1 4, Budongo Forest, X.2004, T. Kélke-

beck / Th. Wagner (ZFMK). — Zambia. | 2, D. Sambe-

si Gebiet, X.1906, F. Steiner (MNHU). — Zimbabwe. |

, Res. Marangora, 750 m, II.1987, W. Wittmer (NHMB);

1 2,1, 21 km W Centenary, Miware Raffia Palm Re-

serve, VII.1998, M. Rice (TAMU); 1 2°, Mazowe Dam,

17.31S/30.59E, VU.1998, Coll. Marlin E. Rice (TAMU).

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

Monoleptoides centromaculata (Jacoby, 1900),

comb. nov.

Candezea centromaculata Jacoby, 1900: 261.

Total length. 4.80—5S.90 mm (mean: 5.50 mm; n= 12).

Head. Pale yellow to yellowish-red (Fig. 8a—c), frons usu-

ally paler than vertex, palpi and antenna pale yellow, usu-

ally only terminal antennomere brownish to black, rarely

also two to three sub terminal antennomeres a pale brown-

ish colour. Antenna and all anthomeres very slender, length

of second to third antennomere 0.68—0.76 (mean: 0.73),

length of third to fourth antennomere 0.54—0.66 (mean:

0.60; Fig. 8e, f).

©ZFMK

Monoleptoides new genus 189

Thorax. Pronotum pale yellow, yellow or reddish-yellow

(Fig. 8a), sometimes yellow basally and a contrasting red-

dish colour in the anterior part; 30 % of material with me-

dially placed black markings, either in the form of a black

dot just below the middle (Fig. 8b), or sometimes extend-

ed to form a median, longitudinal band (Fig. 8c). Prono-

tum broad (Fig. 8d), distinctly convex, median length to

maximum width 0.67—0.71 (mean: 0.69), lateral pronotal

margins broad. Pronotum with a distinct, but shallow

transverse depression. Elytra pale yellow in two thirds of

the material studied (Fig. 8a), others with a transverse

black band at the base and another in the apical half of

elytra (Fig. 8b, c). Black basal colouration includes the epi-

pleura, and rarely also the scutellum (Fig. 8c), which is

usually yellow (Fig. 8a, b). Elytra broad, lateral margins

distinctly convexly rounded, length of elytron

3.80-4.55 mm (mean: 4.21), maximum width of both ely-

tra 2.70-3.30 mm (3.02 mm), width of both elytra to

length of elytron 0.68—0.77 (mean: 0.72). Legs usually

pale yellow, only two specimens with contrasting dark

brown tibae and tarsi on all legs.

Abdomen. Sternites and pygidium pale yellow to reddish-

yellow.

Male genitalia. Median lobe broad, widening distinctly

sub apically, pointed at the apex and deeply incised (Fig.

8h, 1); shallowly sigmoidal in lateral view (Fig. 8g); en-

dophallus usually with groups of comparatively short spic-

ulae.

Female genitalia. Spermatheca with small nodulus and

broad cornu (Fig. 8)).

Diagnosis. A large species, with elytra that are broadly and

convexly rounded laterally, and only found in southern

Africa. Species that are most similar to M. centromacu-

lata are M. duplicata and M. thomsoni. Both species oc-

cur sympatrically with M. centromaculata in the south-

ern DRC, Zambia and Zimbabwe, but neither has been

recorded from the Republic of South Africa, where the lat-

ter species is widely distributed. The pronotal spot from

which the species name 1s derived (Fig. 8b, c) is found in

K L

Fig. 10. Morphology of Monoleptoides didyma (Gerstaecker, 1871). a—d. Habitus showing typical colour variation. e. Pronotum,

detail. f, g. Basal antennomeres one to four of male (f) and female (g). h-j. Median lobe of a typical specimen, lateral (h), dorsal

(i), ventral, without endophallic structures (j). k-m. Median lobe of a large specimen, lateral (k), dorsal (1), and ventral, without

endophallic structures (m). n. Spermathecae of two different females. Scale bars: | mm.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

©ZFMK

190 Thomas Wagner

& "ii

be _|. 2a ae a

| NS oo lise e

= er

| ee

M. trivialis Sy eG e

a i

| | Goan

Fig. 11. Known distribution of Monoleptoides duplicata Fig. 12.. Known distribution of Monoleptoides trivialis (Ger-

(Sahlberg, 1823). staecker, 1855).

— M. duplicata

@ 1-2

@ 3-6

@ 7-12

_— @ 13-18

@ v-%

Fig. 13. Known distribution of Monoleptoides advena (Weise, _ Fig. 14. Known distribution of Monoleptoides horni (Labois-

1909). siere, 1931).

M, mertensi

| @ 2-4 SO | Ce A I re rr eee fae

| @ 5-1

aie an @ 22 | € | aes i | Pout aaah alle

| | @ 27-84 ‘ |

Fig. 15. Known distribution of Monoleptoides mertensi (Labois- _ Fig. 16. Known distribution of Monoleptoides thomsoni (A\-

siere, 1940). lard, 1888).

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199 ©ZFMK

Monoleptoides new genus 19]

M. centromaculata ——\ >

@ i-2

@ 3-5

@ 6-10

Fig. 17. Known distribution of Monoleptoides centromacula-

ta (Jacoby, 1900).

M. sulcata

Fig. 18.

Known distribution of Monoleptoides sulcata

(Laboissiére, 1940).

| |

Fig. 19. Known distribution of Monoleptoides didyma (Ger-

staecker, 1871).

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

most species in southern Africa, but this pattern is also

rarely recorded in M. duplicata (Fig. 1d, e) and M. thom-

soni (Fig. 7e). The elytra are on average broad (width of

both elytra to length of elytron: 0.68—0.77; M. duplicata

same range, but M. thomsoni on average narrower:

0.64—0.74). The latter species also has a narrower prono-

tum (pronotal length to maximum width: 0.66—0.74; M.

centromaculata: 0.67—0.71). Antennae very slender in M.

centromaculata. However, only the characteristic broad

flat median lobe (Fig. 8g—1), most similar to the much

smaller M. trivialis (Fig. 3g—1), allows clear differentia-

tion from M. duplicata (Fig. 2i-n) and M. thomsoni (Fig.

7i-n), particularly in entirely yellow specimens.

Distribution. Restricted to southern Africa from Katan-

ga, Zambia and southern Tanzania towards the Eastern

Cape Province (Fig. 17). Occurring from sea level up to

montane areas in south-eastern South Africa.

Type material

Lectotype: ¢ “Malvern, Natal / Candezea centromacula-

ta type Jac. / Jacoby Coll. 1909-28a / 107 / Type / Lecto-

typus Th. Wagner desig. 2005 Candezea centromaculata

J.” (BMNH; Fig. 20j). Type locality: South Africa,

KwaZulu-Natal, Malvern, 29.53S/30.55E. — Paralecto-

types: 1 Q “Malvern N 2 / 99 67a / Jacoby 1909-28a”

(BMNH); 1 ¢ “Malvern Natal 14-10-02 / S. Africa Na-

tal Malvern 14.X.1902 G. A. K. Marshall / Jacoby Coll.

1909-28a” (BMNH). Jacoby gave no number on the spec-

imens his description based on. There are three specimens

from the type locality “Natal, Malvern” available in his

collection, and a lectotype is herein designated to fix the

name on single specimen.

Further material examined

Congo (Zaire). | 9, P. N. Upemba, R. Mubale,

8.44S/26.56E, 1480 m, V.1947, Miss. G. F. de Witte

(IRSN); 1 9, P. N. Upemba, Kabwe sur Muye,

8.49S/26.49E, 1320 m, V.1948, Miss. G. F. de Witte

(IRSN); 1 9,4 ¢, P. N. Upemba, Mabwe, 8.39S/26.31E,

585 m, XI.1948, Miss. G. F. de Witte (IRSN); 2 9, P.N.

Upemba, Kanonga, 9.15S/26.08E, 675 m, II.1949, Miss.

G. F. de Witte IRSN); 1 9, P. N. Upemba, Kabwekanono,

8.55S/27.05E, 1815 m, IV.1949, Miss. G. F. de Witte

(IRSN). — South Africa. 1 4, Natal (MNHN); 2 9, Na-

tal, Dr. Martin (ZFMK); 2 9, Natal, jan. / nov., Trgdh

(NHRS); 1 9, 1 4, Natal, Malvern II.1896, II.1899

(BMNH); 1 2, Umkomaas Mts., 29.29S/29.27E, [X.1897,

G. A. K. Marshall (BMNH); 1 9, East London, XII.1912,

H. Thomsen (MNHU); 1 2, Weenen, 28.05S/30.06E,

1X.1926, H. P. Thomasset (BMNH); | 3, Colony du Cap,

East London, 29.53S/30.55E, 1923, R. Ellenberger

(MNHN); | &, van Staden Pass, 33.45S/25.10E, III.1954,

OSZFMK

192 Thomas Wagner

SRS. LeonalMonoieptoides duplicata

~y (Sahlberg, 1826) 4 |

Th. Wagner det.2002 |

ecimen ID |

0K, |

vented

—— Sa

OL. MUS, conGao|

Congo beige :

ae caWlng

1000m, 20

G.F de W |

OL. MUS. CONGO

“Congo beige: PaN.As |

Rwindi

100m, Wav 2 1934)

~ f.dp Witte: 773 >

|specimendata | | \ Es SE |

documented era 4 : j K

Bb ah © @ 2 tt

Monoleptoides mertensi Hist. Nat, Belg,

(Labeissiere, 1940) XVI nezs, Teug ~~

Orewanz & Wagner de 7. 197=- 79"

S19q-O51O.

g1vugNgo “1199

sive wnasnw

CeANST:9

_e eee E rY

Au Oot

le ton 4hy

Subye

Fig. 20. Primary types; left: overview; right: detail, scale in mm. a. Holotype of Crioceris duplicata Sahlberg (1823); b. Lecto-

type of Monolepta fasciaticollis Laboissiére, 1940a; e. Holotype of Monolepta quinquepunctata Laboissiére, 1940. d. Holotype of

Monolepta trivialis Gerstaecker, 1855. e. Holotype of Candezea umbilicata Laboissiére, 1920. f. Holotype of Monolepta didyma

Gerstaecker, 1871. g. Holotype of Monolepta thomsoni Allard, 1888. h. Lectotype of Monolepta advena Weise, 1909. i. Holotype

of Monolepta keniensis Bryant, 1953. j. Lectotype of Candezea centromaculata Jacoby, 1900. k. Lectotype of Candezea horni

Laboissicre, 1931. l. Holotype of Candezea mertensi Laboissiere, 1940. m. Holotype of Candezea sulcata Laboissiére, 1940. n.

Holotype of Candezea sexplagiata Laboissiére, 1940.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199 ©ZFMK

Monoleptoides new genus 193

clearing in native forest, J. Balfour-Browne (BMNH); |

3, Zululand, Empangeni, 28.45S/31.54E, X1.1975, P. E.

Reavall (TMSA); 1 9, Natal, St. Lucia, 28.22S/32.25E,

111.1977, G. L. Prinsloo (SANC); 1 2, Yellow Wood Peak,

32.46S/26.25E, XII.1978 (SANC); 3 4, Transkei, Dwe-

sa Forest Reserve, 32.17S/28.50E, II.1985, “beaten indige-

nous forest”, S. Endrédy-Younga (TMSA); | ¢, Transvaal,

Magoebaskloof, 23.54S/30.00E, IIH.1986, B. Grobbelaar

(SANC); 1 ©, Transvaal, Uitsoek, Groothloof,

25.15S/30.38E, [X.1988, Endrédy-Younga (TMSA); 1 8,

Transvaal, Farm Kuleni, 27.54S/32.22E, 50 m, II.1990, B.

Grobbelaar (SANC); 1 9, Natal, Kosi Bay NR,

26.58S/32.48E, 50 m, IH.1990, B. Grobbelaar (SANC); |

©, Natal, Banga Neck, 27.00S/31.53E, 11.1990, N. Ver-

heijen (SANC); 1 9, Kwa Zulu-Natal, Itala GR,

27.30S/31.20E, XII.1995, F. Koch (MNHU). — Tanzania.

1 2, Langenburg, Ineteyanur, 9.01S/33.39E, VI.1898,

Fiilleborm (MNHU); | 2, Usegutva?, XII.1913, Coll.

Eichelbaum (MNHU). — Zambia. | 9, Tapina, Namoyea,

16.26S/27.08E, V.1914, H. C. Dollman (BMNH); 1 &,

Mweru-Wantipa, 8.50S/29.40E, 11.1944, H. J. Brédo

(IRSN). — Zimbabwe. 1 &, Chirinda, 20.05S/31.28E,

X.1905, G. A. K. Marshall (BMNH); 1 2, Gwaai River,

17.59S/26.52E, 11.1921, C. E. Godman (BMNH); 5 9, 5

&, Mazowe Dam, 17.31S/30.59E, VII.1998, coll. Marlin

E. Rice (TAMU).

Monoleptoides sulcata (Laboissiére, 1940), comb. nov.

Candezea sulcata Laboissiére, 1940a: 76.

Candezea sexplagiata Laboissiére 1940a: 79; syn. nov.

Head. Pale yellow, yellow to brownish-red, vertex usu-

ally much darker than the frons (Fig. 9b, c). Palpi and an-

tennae pale yellow, usually only terminal antennomere

brown to black (Fig. 9a—c), scape and pedicel rarely pale

brown dorsally. Length of second to third antennomere

0.75—0.86 (mean: 0.83), length of third to fourth anten-

nomere 0.52—0.63 (mean: 0.58; Fig. Ye, f).

Thorax. Pronotum reddish-yellow to brownish-red in

about 66 % of material examined, with two large dark

brown spots, one on either side of the pronotal disc (Fig.

9b), or saddle-like colouration when the spots reach the

lateral margins (Fig. 9c). Pronotum very broad, median

pronotal length to width 0.56—0.61 (mean: 0.59), with a

distinct, medially interrupted, transverse depression (Fig.

9d). Elytra ovate, length of elytron 3.80—4.80 mm (mean

4.34), maximum elytral width 2.80—3.36 mm (mean:

3.06); maximum width of both elytra to length of elytron

0.65—0.78 (mean: 0.72). Elytra in two specimens entire-

ly black; whereas about 50 % of material examined have

black elytra which are yellowish to brownish-red apical-

ly, sometimes covering up to the terminal quarter of the

elytra (Fig. 9a); 20 % of specimens are yellow with broad

transverse black bands at base of elytra and beyond the

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

second third, also usually black apically (Fig. 9c); in the

remaining specimens black colouration is more robust and

the elytra have black outer margins, and often a black su-

ture too (Fig. 9b). Scutellum yellow to red. Legs pale yel-

low, femora often slightly reddish, distal part of femora

and basal part of tibae rarely dark brown or tarsi a pale

brownish colour.

Abdomen. Abdominal segments and pygidium yellow to

brownish-red.

Male genitalia. Aedeagus comparatively wide and short.

Median lobe parallel-sided, robust, bluntly rounded api-

cally (Fig. 9h, 1), widening distinctly after the apical third

in lateral view, (Fig. 9g). Tectum very short, almost con-

stantly converging towards the apex. Endophallic struc-

tures with distinct hooks and one pair of long spiculae in

the apical third.

Female genitalia. Spermatheca with large, nearly spher-

ical nodulus, and slender, distinctly curved cornu (Fig. 9}).

Diagnosis. Despite the colouration showing great variabil-

ity, the species can easily be recognized simply by colour

patterns. Black elytra with a reddish apex, as in the type

of M. sulcata (Fig. 9a), or specimens with lateral prono-

tal spots, as in the type of M. sexplagiata (similar to Fig.

9b); do not occur in any other species of Monoleptoides.

Specimens with black elytra and a red elytral tip are, at

first glance similar to some species of Monolepta, and

some type specimens of Monolepta bifossulata Labois-

siere, 1940 actually belong to M. sulcata. The sympatri-

cally occurring Monolepta mpangae Wagner, 2000 and

Monolepta apicaloides Wagner, 2003b are also similar, but

the shorter third antennomere and the pronotum which

lacks a distinct transverse depression, allow easy differ-

entiation of these species from M. sulcata. In doubtful cas-

es the genital patterns of both sexes allow a clear differ-

entiation between Monolepta species and Monoleptoides

sulcata.

Distribution. Restricted to the Albertine Rift Region in

eastern DRC (Kivu), Uganda and up into western Kenya

(Fig. 18).

Type material

Candezea sulcata: Holotype, 4, *Musée du Congo, Forét

Mayumbu (2100) (Nyamuragira), 14-26-VI-35 de Witte,

Parc Nat Albert, 15, 38. / Type ¢ C. sulcata / Type 3

[Laboissiére’s label] / R. Dét. B 4589 / Candezea sulca-

ta m. V. Laboissiére — Dét.” (MRAC; Fig. 20m). Type lo-

cality: Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kivu,

1.42S/29.20E. — Paratype. 1 2, same data as holotype

(IRSN). Laboissiére mentioned one male and one female

©OZFMK

194

Thomas Wagner

Table 1. Numbers of material studied sorted after collections (details and legend for abbreviations see chapter methods).

s z S 3

3 ~ S $ S 5 bs S s

= = = 5 = : S 5 6S

3 ES s 3 S 8 = S 3

BMNH 34 l 5 44 4 9 7 105

DIES l 4 l 6

HMNH 1 1

IRSN 70 1 l 19 10 3 55 4 163

MCGD D 2 4

MIZT I 1

MMMU 6 1 7

MNCN 6 6

MNHN 18 i 6 45 2 l 33 112

MNHU 2 11 12 10 7 4 5 l Til

MRAC 238 l 39 201 28 507

MZHF 2 2

MZSF 1 l 9 11

NHMB I 1

NHMW l 1 1 3

NHRS 4 l 1 2 2 l l 12

NMK 32 p) 2 2 38

NNML I 1

OUMNH 1 1

priv. coll. qi 1 i 11 1 6 33

SANC I l 5 "]

TAMU l 3 10 14

TMSA 2 1 4 7

USMN l 1

ZFMK 3 12 25 l 9) 43

ZISP 2 2

ZMUC 5 I 6

ZMUH 5 1 I 8 l 1 2 19

: 461 28 58 213 17 48 17 297 51 1190

specimen in his original description. Since only the male

has an additional ,,Type“ label, it can be treated as holo-

type by inference.

Candezea sexplagiata: Holotype, 3 ”Musée du Congo,

Kamatembe (2100 m.), 7-23-I-1935 G.F. de Witte, Parc

Nat. Albert, 992. / Type C. sexplagiata / Type [Labois-

siére’s label] / R. Det. A 4589 / Candezea sexplagiata m.

V. Laboissiére — Dét. / Holotypus” (MRAC; Fig. 20n).

Type locality: Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kivu,

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

1.32S/29.10E. Holotype by original designation.

Monolepta bifossulata Laboissiére, 1940: In a recent re-

vision of this species (Wagner 2003b) a lectotypus was

designated. However, six specimens of the original series

of syntypes belong as paralectotypes to Monoleptoides sul-

cata: 5 ex., Kivu, Ruwenzori, Kalonge, 2050 m,

0.33N/29.80E, VII.—VIII.1932, L. Burgeon (MRAC); 1

ex., Kivu, Ruwenzori, Valley Butagu, 2000 m,

0.35N/29.72E, XI.1931, Mme L. Lebrun (MRAC).

©ZFMK

Monoleptoides new genus 195

Further material examined.

Congo (Zaire). | ex. Birunga, Nied., Pr. W. Exp. Gyld.

,semicincta Sahlberg (NHRS); 1 ex., Mawakota,

2.58N/26.44E, V1.1931, van Someren (NMK); | ex., Ki-

vu, Volc. Mikeno, Rweru, Bambous, 2400 m,

1.45S/29.43E, VII.1934, G. F. de Witte IRSN); 1 ex., Ki-

vu, Sake, 1.57S/29.0SE, V.1937, J. Ghesquiere (MRAC);

1 ex., Kivu, Costermansville, 2.27S/28.51E, VII.1937, H.

J. Bredo (MRAC); 1 ex., Kivu, Nzombe, Amont, 200 m

pres de Mwana, 3.18S/28.53E, 1952, Froidebise (MRAC);

1 ex., Kivu, Rwankwi, 1.32S/29.32E, VI.1951, J. V. Le-

roy (MRAC); 2 ex., Kivu, Ibanda, 1952, M. Vandelanot-

te (MRAC); | ex., Kivu, Terr. Mwenga, S. O. Itombwe,

Luiko, 1900 m, 3.46S/28.43E, 1.1952, L. Leleup (IRSN);

1 ex., P. N. A., Massif Ruwenzori, Kivu, Kalonge, 2210

m, 0.20N/29.51E, VIII.1952, P. Vanschuytbroeck & J. Ke-

kenbosch (MRAC); | ex., P. N. A., Massif Ruwenzori, Ki-

kybe pres Kalonge, 2180 m, [X.1952, P. Vanschuytbroeck

& J. Kekenbosch (MRAC); 1 ex., P. N. A., Massif Ruwen-

zori, Kalonge, Kiondo ya Kwanza, 2030 m, 0.22N/29.53E,

X.1952, P. Vanschuytbroeck & J. Kekenbosch (MRAC);

1 ex., P. N. A., Massif Ruwenzori, Kalonge, Riv. Kama-

horo, aff. Butahu, 2010 m, 0.02N/29.13E, I.1953, P. Vans-

chuytbroeck & J. Kekenbosch (MRAC); 1 ex., P. N. A.,

Massif Ruwenzori, Kalonge, 2000 m, Ruiss. Katsambu,

affl. Butahu, 0.02N/29.13E, 1.1953, P. Vanschuytbroeck

& J. Kekenbosch (MRAC); | ex., P. N. A., Massif Ruwen-

zori, Mont Ibale pres Kyandolire, 1800 m, 0.05N/29.43E,

III.1953, P. Vanschuytbroeck & J. Kekenbosch (MRAC);

3 ex., Kibali-Ituri, Nioka, 2.17N/30.40E, VI.1953, J. Hecq

(MRAC); | ex., P. N. A., Massif Ruwenzori, Kikyb pres

Kalonge, 2180 m, 0.21N/29.50E, II.1955, P. Jolivet & R.

Fonteyne (MRAC); | ex., P.N.A., Massif Ruwenzori, Ka-

longe, Gite Ruwenzori, 2080 m, II.1955, P. Jolivet & R.

Fonteyne (MRAC); 1 ex., Kivu, Butembo, Musai,

0.15N/29.28E, VI.1953, H. J. Brédo (MRAC); 3 ex., Ki-

vu, Butembo, vallée de la musosa, 0.15N/29.28E, V.1967,

R. P. Lejeune (MRAC). — Kenya. | ex., Brit. E. Africa,

Yala R., S. edge Kakumga forest, 4800-5300 ft,

0.12N/34.27E, V.1911, S. A. Neave (BMNH). — Rwan-

da. 1 ex., Mt. Mbude, S. du Lac Luhondo, 2000 m,

1.38S/29.45E, 1.1953, P. Basilewski (MRAC); | ex., Cyan-

gugu, Gishoma, 2.28S/28.56E, II.1983, leg. H. Mihle

(CHK); 4 ex., Nyakabuye, 1.58S/29.59E, XII.1985, H.

Mihle (CHK). — Tanzania. 4 ex., N. W. Tanganika, 1910,

Grauer (NHMW). — Uganda. | ex., brit. Ost-Afrika, Kam-

pala, Kabule, 0.32N/32.58E, VI.1911, Dr Nagele

(MNHU); 1 ex., Mpanga forest, Toro, 4800 ft,

0.25N/32.08E, XI.1911, S.A. Neave (BMNH); | ex., Sho-

res of L., Isolt or Wamala, 3800 ft, 0.05N/31.52E, 1.1912,

S. A. Neave (BMNH); 3 ex., between Mitiana & Enteb-

be, 3.800 ft, 0.40N/32.05E, I.1912,S. A. Neave (BMNH);

1 ex., Kampala, 0.32N/32.58E, 1916, C. C. Gowdey

(BMNH); | ex., Kampala, 0.17N/32.28E, X1.1938 A. F.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

J. Gedye (NMK); 2 ex., Kibale Forest, U. Kanyawara,

0.50N/31.06E, VIL—VII.1998, L. Schmidt (ZFMK).

Monoleptoides didyma (Gerstaecker, 1871), comb. nov.

Monolepta didyma Gerstaecker, 1871: 83.

Total length. 3.90—4.90 mm (mean: 4.52 mm; n= 18).

Head. Pale yellow, yellow or rarely reddish-yellow. Palpi

and antennae pale yellow, terminal antennomere dark

brown to black, one to three sub terminal antennomeres

brownish, each becoming darker towards apex (Fig.

10a—d). Length of second to third antennomere 0.65—0.76

(mean: 0.71), length of third to fourth antennomere

0.67—0.77 (mean: 0.71) (Fig. 10f, g).

Thorax. Pronotum pale yellow, rarely reddish-yellow, dis-

tinctly transverse (Fig. 10e), median length to maximum

width 0.62—0.68 (mean: 0.64). Elytra sub parallel (Fig.

10a—d), coarsely punctuated, slightly flattened dorsally (in

lateral view), length of elytron 2.90—3.60 mm (mean 3.33),

maximum elytral width 1.85—2.70 mm (mean: 2.24); max-

imum width of both elytra to length of elytron 0.62-0.71

(mean: 0.66). Elytra in about 30 % of material examined

pale yellow, specimens thus have a completely pale yel-

low dorsum (Fig. 10a); other specimens with a black ely-

tral base which does not spread to either elytral margin

(Fig. 10b—d), and can rarely be separated into a humeral

and a parascutellar spot; elytra of 60 % of material exam-

ined have a black spot in the apical half (Fig. 10b—d); 40

% have a black elytral tip (Fig. 10d); only three of the

specimens studied have brownish-red colouration along

the basal two-thirds of the suture (Fig. 10d). The entire

spectrum of colour polymorphism, from completely yel-

low, to specimens with all the spots and partly brownish-

red suture, can occur within one population e. g. speci-

mens collected in Arabuko Sokoke Forest. Legs pale yel-

low.

Abdomen. Pale yellow.

Male genitalia. Median lobe sub parallel, short, apical part

of the median lobe parallel (Fig. 10h—j) or widening slight-

ly apically (Fig. 10k—m), particularly in large specimens

where the apex 1s robust and bluntly rounded. Tectum par-

allel-sided in the basal two thirds, converging constantly

from there towards the apex. Endophallus with one pair

of robust spiculae (Fig. 10h—m).

Female genitalia. Spermatheca with small nodulus, and

broad cornu (Fig. 10n).

Diagnosis. Monoleptoides didyma is the smallest species

in this group. Its colouration is very similar to the sym-

patrically occurring M. trivialis, but in specimens with ely-

©ZFMK

196 Thomas Wagner

tral spots, M. didyma has a single spot in the apical third

of each elytron, whereas M. trivialis has two spots with

very few exceptions (Figs 3b, c, 10b—d). Both species can

be distinguished by the shape of the pronotum (Figs 3d,

10e) and the length of the basal antennomeres (Figs 3f,

10f, g) (see morphometric data under M. trivialis). In

doubtful cases, males of both species can easily be dis-

tinguished by the shape of the median lobe (Figs 3g—1,

10h—m).

Distribution. Most specimens collected in the coastal re-

gions of Kenya, Tanzania, southwards to KwaZulu-Natal

(Fig. 19), with only a few from the interior of those coun-

tries.

Type material examined

Holotype, probably ¢ (abdomen absent), “Didyma Gerst.,

Wanga, v. d. Decken / 56684” (MNHU; Fig. 20f). Type

locality: Kenya, Wangi, 2.00S/40.55E. Holotype by infer-

ence, since there is only one specimen listed under this

label number in the “Eingangsbuch” in MNHU.

Further material examined

Kenya. | ¢@, Lower Tana, Sabaki, 3.09S/40.07E,

IV—V.1932, Turner & McArthur (NMK); 1 3, Meru,

0.03N/37.42E, V.1936, N. H. L. Krauss (BMNH); 1 9, 1

3, Arabuko Sokoke, 3.20S/39.52E, VI.1940, T. H. E. Jack-

son (BMNH); 1 9, 1 6, Diani Beach, 4.18S/39.35E,

VIL1951, N. L. H. Kraus (BMNH); 1 <, Nairobi,

1.17S/36.50E, II.1973, ad lucem, H. Silfverberg (MZHF);

1 3, Shimba Hills NR, Makadara Forest, 4.13S/39.25E,

XI.1982, M. Clifton (NMK); 1 3’, Kibwazi, Tsavo, Paro,

2.25S/37.58E, 1300 m, XII.1989, Werner (CMD); 2 9,

&, Dint. di Malindi, 3.13S/40.07E, XI.—XII.1989, L. Bar-

tolozzi et al. (MZSF); | 2, Malindi, Gede Forest, V.1990,

Werner (CMD); 2 2, 2 &, Kilifi distr., Arabuko Sokoke,

Forest Reserve, [IX.—X.1992, V—VI.1994, L. Bartolozzi et

al. (MZSF); 1 @, Diani Beach, 1.2001, A. Drugmont &

N. Warzée (IRSN); 6 9, 6 G, Arabuko Sokoke,

3.20S/39.52E, V. Clausnitzer (ZFMK). — South Africa.

1 2, Kosi Bay, Banga Nek, 27.00S/32.53E, 50 m, II.1990,

B. Grobbelaar (SANC). — Tanzania. 1 9, Zanzibar,

6.10S/39.12E, coll. Raffray (MNHN); 3 9, 3 4, Zangue-

bar, Mhonda Ouzigoua, A. Hacquard Mis. ap. 1879,

1.Trim. 1880 (1 ex. MNCN, 5 ex., MNHN); 2 2, 1 3, Pa-

re Berge, 4.00S/37.45E, 1600 m, 1903/1906, Chr. Schroe-

der (MNHU); 1 3, Arusha, 3.22S/36.38E, 11.1905, Abel

(MNHU); | 9, 1 4, Pugu, 6.59S/37.49E, XII.1913, Meth-

ner (MNHU); 1 9, 1 @, Tanga, 5.07S/39.05E, III.1916,

Methner (MNHU); 1 9, 1 G, Narobi bei Tanga,

4.57S/38.56E (MNHU); | 9, Sansibar “60586”, Hilde-

brandt (MNHU); | 2, Bagamoyo, 6.19S/38.20E, Le Moult

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

vend., via Reinbek (ZMUH); 1 ©, Morogoro,

6.49S/37.40E, 1.1974, H. Silfverberg (MZHF); 4 2, pres

Pwani, 70 km E of Morogoro, 6.50S/38.20E, 300 m,

6.38S/38.08E, XII.2006, F. Kantner (CK); 1 4, 80 km NE

of Iringa, 650 m, 7.37S/36.18E, 1.2007, F. Kantner (CK).

IDENTIFICATION KEY

Most species of Monoleptoides gen. nov. are character-

ized by high polychromatism which made the identifica-

tion complicated. In eight of the nine species, complete-

ly yellow specimens occur and in these cases often the

male genitalia only allow a reliably identification. Females

without males from the same locality are often hardly, if

not impossible to identify, since the spermatheca between

most species show no significant differences. On the oth-

er hand, specimens with dorsal pattern can often be iden-

tified quite easily and thus it seems to be appropriate, to

split the key into two parts, one for the entirely yellow-

ish ones that is mainly based on male genitalic patterns,

and a second part for specimens with different dorsal

colouration.

1 Specimen entirely yellow, dissection of male genitalia

is necessary for a reliable identification.................. 15

— Specimen with elytra bearing black, brownish-red or red

colouration, such as: black spots (e. g. Figs 2b, 3b, 4b,

10b, 6b), transverse bands (e. g. Figs 2c, 6c, 7c, 8b), and

rarely longitudinal stripes (Fig. 4c); sometimes com-

bined with a reddish suture (Figs 4d, 10d); sometimes

with only a brownish-red base (Fig. 7b); rarely com-

bined with a small sub apical black spot (Fig. 6a), or

the elytra mainly black with the apical third red (Fig.

9a), or with yellow spots (Fig. 9b) ..........::cescceeeeees 2

2 Elytra predominantly yellow, pronotum pale yellow to

reddish, rarely with median spot (Fig. 2d) that can be

enlarged to a longitudinal stripe (Fig. 8c) .............. 3

— Elytra predominantly black with the apical third red

(Fig. 9a), or yellow spots (Fig. 9b), pronotum always

red, often with two black discal patches (Fig. 9b, c); re-

stricted to the Albertine Rift, Uganda and western Kenya

oil Loadaee uated Mace eneteateehak cee Tae ee enone M. sulcata

3 Elytra with reddish to brownish-red base, tip or suture,

often also with black spots: 2222222... 4

— Elytra with yellow and black colouration only....... 7

4 Elytra with reddish to brownish-red base and tip (Figs

1b, 6a). Mckee ee ee 5

— Elytra with reddish to brownish-red suture (Fig. 4d)

Ee ERS rect peigactsodasdttjp0s6as000000 6

©ZFMK

Monoleptoides new genus 197

5 Smaller, pronotum narrow (pronotal length to width

0.66—0.74; Fig. 7f), always without sub apical spot (Fig.

7b); mainly Nigeria and adjacent countries, rare

COLOUTATO MNO lye ne nen eaten nee: M. thomsoni

— Larger, pronotum wider (pronotal length to width

0.58—0.68; Fig. 6d), without or with sub apical black

spot (Fig. 6a); restricted to Cameroon and the Congo

(SEISTIN aoceaditoalerecececReecbenend enecae cee ener eae M. mertensi

6 Smaller (total length 3.90-4.90 mm), fourth anten-

nomere short (length of third to fourth antennomere

0.67—0.77; Fig. 10f, g); coastal regions from Kenya to

KwaZulu-Natal, rare colouration of ........... M. didyma

— Larger (total length 5.00—6.70 mm), fourth antennomere

long (length of third to fourth antennomere 0.57—0.66;

Fig. 4f, g); montane areas of northern Tanzania and

IX GING), epdccteadera eo Scechnede Maree eeaan meer eeeaaeayee M. advena

7 Elytra have smaller black spots at humerus and usual-

ly also in the apical third that do not reach the suture,

anterior margin or epipleura (Figs 2b, 3b, c, 4b, 10b,

— Elytra have a more or less broad black transverse bands

(rarely only humeral spots, at the base that reach suture),

anterior margin and extend onto the epipleura........ 11

8 Only circular humeral spots and small transverse sub

apical spots (Fig. 2b), examination of median lobe nec-

essary (Fig. 2i-n); colouration type predominant and

commonly found in the Congo basin ..... M. duplicata

— Humeral or sub humeral elytral spots larger, circular or

transverse, sub apical spots of different shape and size

(Figs 3b, c, 4b, 10b, c), rarely connected with the sub

numerals pots (Bigs 40) saeco eect toes ees on as ones coeuees 9

9 Larger (total length 5.00—6.70 mm), with circular sub

humeral spots (Fig. 4b), rarely with longitudinal stripes

(Fig. 4c), pronotum very broad (pronotal length to width

0.57—-0.66; Fig. 4e); from montane areas of northern

ManzamiasanGKemya, ceren-tecccvesnsceseecesceeesaneee M. advena

— Smaller (total length 3.90—5.40 mm), with transverse

basal spots (Figs 3b, c, 10b, c); pronotum in larger spec-

imens much narrower (Fig. 3d); mainly from coastal re-

gions extending from Kenya to KwaZulu-Natal..... 10

10 Smallest species of the group (total length

3.90-4.90 mm), pronotum broad (pronotal length to

width 0.63—0.68; Fig. 10e), elytra with small transverse

(Fig. 10b) or triangular (Fig. 10c) sub apical spot, me-

dian lobe slender, with blunt apex (Fig. 10h—m)

a8 DDOOOGOSECEOETS SERENE CeO ane RCCRe TS M. didyma

— On average larger (total length 4.10-5.40 mm), prono-

tum slender, lateral margins slightly sigmoidal (prono-

tal length to width 0.69—0.74; Fig. 2d), each elytron usu-

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

ally with two sub apical spots (Fig. 3b, c) that can rarely

be absent, median lobe broad, widening sub apically

(CE RS ONE MER scent LUNN ess adea taunts sacl M. trivialis

11 Pronotum yellow to yellowish-red, rarely with medi-

an spot, triangle or stripe (Figs 2e, 7e, 8b) ............. 12

— Pronotum red with two latero-discal black patches (Fig.

9b); restricted to the Albertine Rift, Uganda and west-

CRU Ciyateeee eee es Serta cuesecuhey etek adel M. sulcata

12 Largest species of the group (total length

5.00-7.20 mm), third antennomere very elongate

(length of second to third antennomere 0.53—0.66; Fig.

6e, f); black colouration on elytra at humerus, in the api-

cal third and also at the elytral apex (Fig. 6b), in spec-

imens with a broad sub apical transverse band these can

be enlarged (Fig. 6c); interrupted transverse pronotal de-

pression distinct; from Cameroon and Congo basin

Eps est eas Challe, oe ets et scichtcb ue osaacueae M. mertensi

—On average smaller (total length 4.30—5.90 mm), third

antennomere relatively short (length of second to third

antennomere 0.64—0.85); black anterior elytral coloura-

tion more robust (Figs 2c—e, 7c—e, 8b, c), interrupted

transverse pronotal depression less distinct; three

species with high overlap in morphological characters

that can be only distinguished by male genital pattern

Gan Eon cOnGARaERBMUE RE Rea dobacronce Hace che teem meaner rere 13

13 Pronotum on average broader (pronotal length to width

0.63—0.68; Fig. 2f), median lobe with bluntly rounded

apex (Fig. 2i—n); distributed virtually throughout the

tro tropic alene S1OIM ascrca.dcaton-medecesereadenases M. duplicata

— Pronotum on average narrower (pronotal length to width

0.66—0.74; Figs 7f, 8d), median lobe pointed apically

(WEA TASS) ae ree caroaanacacacecieseeesacacee Badidee eee 14

14 Median lobe slender, nearly parallel-sided (Fig. 7i-n);

known from West, Central and East Africa

SORRERES ss Soh Net as eared remanent M. thomsoni

— Median lobe widening distinctly at base and apex (Fig.

8g—1; known from South Africa northwards to the south-

ern Democratic Republic of the Congo

Seed CONE SOU RECO EEE CRIS PEDRO M. centromaculata

15 Fourth to eighth antennomeres black in contrast with

those at base and apex of antenna which are pale yel-

low (Fig. 5a); found in Equatorial Guinea, Gabon and

amen om ee eae acces tavaee ee dena cea M. horni

1I(0) 07) es cacceoatenacecanctenaciatronaceeneenaaee a Serre e ne Re eeey 17

— Median lobe pointed apically (Figs 3g—1, 7i-n, 8g-—I,

NO) SaaMN) wet A cenetecenacnse ees acnnso se cotaccer ene E RE nncEReS enon eaaacSe 19

OZFMK

198 Thomas Wagner

17 On average smaller (total length 3.90-4.90 mm),

fourth antennomere short (length of third to fourth an-

tennomere 0.67—0.77; Fig. 10f, g), median lobe short,

parallel-sided (Fig. 10h—j), in large specimens slightly

enlarged sub apically (Fig. 10k—m), but always blunt-

ly rounded; found in the coastal regions from Kenya to

KwaZulu-Natal ees M. didyma

— On average larger (total length 4.30—6.70 mm), fourth

antennomere longer (length of third to fourth anten-

nomere 0.54—0.65), median lobe short more elongated

(Figs 210 4h) eee 18

18 On average smaller (total length 4.30—5.50 mm),

pronotum narrower (pronotal length to width 0.63—0.68;

Fig. 2f), median lobe very slender, slightly conical at

apex (Fig. 2i-k) often narrowing sub apically in small

specimens (Fig. 21-n); nearly pan-A frotropical

LRG alate et A cia EN AME NREL ay SRE M. duplicata

— On average larger (total length 5.00—6.70 mm), prono-

tum very broad (pronotal length to width 0.57—0.66; Fig.

4e), median lobe broad (Fig. 4h—j); only known from

montane regions in Kenya and northern Tanzania

SSSR cht es eect a pee gee M. advena

19 On average larger (total length 5.00—7.20 mm),

pronotum very broad (pronotal length to width

0.58—0.68; Fig. 6d), third antennomere elongate (length

of second to third antennomere 0.53—0.66; Fig. 6e, f),

transverse interrupted pronotal depression distinct, en-

dophallus with many slender spiculae (Fig. 6g—-1);

known from Cameroon and the Congo basin

Sataatles saeedeowtndkccasuaned aon cumaacserseceve eco aenes M. mertensi

— On average smaller (total length 4.10—6.00 mm), prono-

tum not as broad (pronotal length to width 0.66—0.74),

third antennomere relatively short (length of second to

third antennomere 0.64—0.88), interrupted transverse

pronotal depression indistinet:..2:5.22.5..teeees 20

20 Median lobe parallel-sided (Fig. 7m, n) or slightly en-

larged pre apically (Fig. 71-1); distributed in West, Cen-

traltandEast-Ainca <7 ea eee M. thomsoni

— Median lobe distinctly enlarged pre apically and in the

basal:quarter (Figs 3101, 891) i....2..-icesscsstcsnctnente sates 21

21 On average smaller, pronotum very narrow (pronotal

length to width 0.69—0.74) with slightly sigmoidal lat-

eral margins (Fig. 3d), median lobe narrower, with one

pair of robust spiculae (Fig. 3g—1); distributed mainly

in the coastal regions from Kenya to Mozambique, and

IN-ZIMbADWier.c ance ke renee eee M. trivialis

— On average larger, pronotum broad (pronotal length to

width 0.67—0.71), more transverse (Fig. 8d), median

lobe very broad, with several slender spiculae (Fig.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 169-199

8g—1); distributed from southern Africa northwards to

the southern Democratic Republic of the Congo

Set aN 9 AEN 5 12S RT I RNY M. centromaculata

Acknowledgements. | cordially thank all curators and other col-

leagues who made material available to me. Details are given

in the method chapter. Many thanks also to Christine Drewanz,

who drew some figures of M. mertensi and M. sulcata, and to

Beth Grobbelaar, Ron Beenen and a further anonymous referee

who gave very valuable comments on the manuscript.

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©ZFMK

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 200-206

December 2011

The preimaginal stages of Striphnopteryx edulis (Boisduval, 1847)

(Lepidoptera: Eupterotidae)

Sergey N. Pugaev!, Dieter Stiining? & Vadim V. Zolotuhin!

! Department of Zoology, State Pedagogical University of Uljanovsk, 100-letiya Lenina sq. 4, RUS-432700 Uljanovsk, Russia;

E-mails: sergeypugaev@mail.ru, v.zolot@mail.ru;

? Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn; E-mail: d.stuening.zfmk@uni-bonn.de

Abstract. The eggs, all larval instars and the pupa of Striphnopteryx edulis (Boisduval, 1847), the type and only species

of the southern African eupterotid genus Striphnopteryx Wallengren, 1858, are described and illustrated, including the

chaetotaxy of the first-instar larva. The salient characters of the larva and pupa are briefly compared with those of a few

Asian genera of the family.

Key words. Eupterotidae, Striphnopteryginae, S. edulis, egg, larval instars, chaetotaxy, pupa.

INTRODUCTION

Striphnopteryvx edulis (Boisduval, 1847) (Figs 1-6) is a

large southern African species of Eupterotidae (monkey-

moths) and the type and only species of Striphnopteryx

Wallengren, 1858, the type genus of the subfamily

Striphnopteryginae Wallengren, 1858, which currently in-

cludes 15 genera (Nassig & Oberprieler, 2008).

Striphnopteryx edulis occurs from the south-eastern parts

of South Africa north into Mozambique and eastern Zim-

babwe (Pinhey, 1975) and is rather common in KwaZu-

lu-Natal. No authentic descriptions or illustrations of its

larva have been published, Boisduval’s (1847: 600) ac-

count in the original description of the species “La che-

nille de ce grand Bombyx vit en societé sur un arbre des

environs de Port-Natal; elle est noire, marqué de taches

rouges. Les Cafres la mangent apres l’avoir fait griller;

c’est ce qui a fait donner a cette espece le nom d’Edulis”

evidently referring to the gregarious larvae of a species

of Saturniidae, which are often eaten by local people there.

The literature (Platt, 1921; Pinhey, 1975; Kroon, 1999)

does, however, record both native and introduced host

plants for the larva of S. edulis in South Africa, respec-

tively Cordia caffra (Boraginaceae), Tecoma capensis

(Bignoniaceae), Acacia mearnsii (Fabaceae) and

Bougainvillea (Nyctaginaceae).

This paper describes and illustrates the egg, larva and

pupa of S. edulis, including the chaetotaxy of the first-in-

star larva, from material reared in Germany from eggs ob-

tained from a gravid female collected in South Africa. The

descriptions enable a comparison of the immature stages

of this taxon with those of a few Asian genera of Eupteroti-

dae and thus contribute characters to an eventual recon-

struction of phylogenetic relationships within the family.

Received: 22.09.2011

Accepted: 13.10.2011

MATERIAL AND METHODS

A gravid female of S. edulis was collected at light on 11

April 2007 by V. V. Z. in the Republic of South Africa, in

the Ramsgate Butterfly Sanctuary (30°53’S 30°20’E, 45

ma. s. |.) located in the province of KwaZulu-Natal. Iden-

tification of the species was made by comparison with the

holotype (Fig. 3) housed in The Natural History Museum,

London, United Kingdom. From eggs laid by this female,

larvae were reared on Convolvulus and Calystegia (both

Convolvulaceae) to pupation in captivity in Germany by

D.S. The morphological study of the pretmaginal stages,

including the illustrations, was carried out by S. N. P.

For the study of the chaetotaxy of the first-instar larva,

specimens were preserved in 70-80% ethanol and cut lon-

gitudinally for rapid maceration (15-20 min) in 10%

NaOH solution in a double-boiler. The head capsule was

cut from the body using micro-scissors and the skin

cleaned from tissues using a micro-brush. The skin was

then washed in hot water and dehydrated and hardened

with ethanol (sequentially through concentrations of 50%,

80% and 96%) before mounting in Euparal on a glass-slide

under a cover-glass. The head capsule was treated in the

same way, except that the cover-glass was supported by

small pieces of glass to avoid undue pressure and distor-

tion. Mandibles, labrum and labio-maxillary complex

(Figs 25, 29, 30) were dissected from the head capsule and

studied and preserved separately. Three first-instar larvae

were subjected to this procedure.

The preparations were studied under a light-microscope

and photographed using a Canon PowerShot A570 and an

Olympus Camedia C-750 camera. Images were processed

using Adobe Photoshop 7.0, and colour plates were pre-

pared from scanned analogue and digital photographs us-

ing CorelPhotoPaint X3.

In the chaetotaxy of the larva, the nomenclature of Hin-

ton (1946) is followed.

Corresponding editor: F. Herder

The preimaginal stages of Striphnopteryx edulis (Boisduval, 1847) 201

. la’ Ex Oberthur Coll,

V3 hed Pag yas Brit. Mus. $9273,

Figs 1-6. Habitus of Striphnopteryx edulis adults. 1. male, South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Ramsgate Butterfly Sanctuary, reared

specimen, upperside; 2. ditto, underside; 3. holotype male, BMNH; 4. female, same data as 1, reared specimen, upperside; 5. same

male as in |), newly eclosed, in resting posture; 6. dark male, Zimbabwe (photo: Bart Wursten). (scale bar 10 mm).

202 Sergey N. Pugaev, Dieter Stiining & Vadim V. Zolotuhin

Figs 7-22. Preimaginal stages of Striphnopteryx edulis. 7. eggs; 8. L1 shortly after hatching; 9. L1 after feeding; 10. anterior part

of LI in pre-moulting phase, showing bulging pronotal shield; 11. L2 fixed in ethanol; dorsal, lateral and ventral views; 12-13.

L2; lateral and dorsal views; 14. L3; 15. L4; 16. L5; 17. L6; 18. head of L6, frontal view; 19. cocoon; 20. pupa after eclosion; dor-

sal, ventral (head shield only) and lateral views; 21. caudal end of pupa, ventral view, showing densely denticulate apex; 22. same,

less enlarged.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 200-206 OZFMK

The preimaginal stages of Striphnopteryx edulis (Boisduval, 1847) 203

I-11

Figs 23-30. Structural details of Striphnopteryx edulis, L1. 23. setal map of body segments; 24. setal arrangement on head; 25.

labio-maxillary complex; 26. fore legs showing fused coxae; 27. plumose (?subprimary) seta; 28. base of seta; 29. setal arrange-

ment on labrum; 30. mandible.

204 Sergey N. Pugaev, Dieter Stiining & Vadim V. Zolotuhin

Description of immature stages

Egg (Fig. 7). Hemispherical, of upright type, about 2.5 mm

in diameter, dark yellow without distinct pattern, with flat-

tened base, the micropyle situated in a small depression

at the dorsal pole.

Larva. First instar (Figs 8-10) 5-9 mm long, with very

long, white, pinnate primary setae; head (Fig. 24) shin-

ing dark brown to black with pale area around border of

eyes and white vertex, orthognathous, hemispherical, with-

out processes, vertex with small but distinct depression,

frontal suture longer than that of vertex (epicranial index

0.76); ventral side of body greyish-white, dorsally and lat-

erally dark grey, dorsally with a narrow, white median line

interrupted at intersegmental borders, laterally with a

somewhat weaker but otherwise similar line; pronotum

narrow, black, transverse (Fig. 10); thoracic legs greyish-

white. Second, third and fourth instars (Figs 11-15) dark

brown dorsally and laterally, yellowish-brown ventrally;

dorsal and lateral longitudinal lines bright yellowish-

brown in 2"4 but less distinct in 3™¢ and 4 instars (Figs

14-15); head shining reddish-brown with black frontal

band, pronotum reddish; ventral surface darker reddish-

brown; thoracic legs brown, prolegs pale reddish-brown;

body densely covered with long, reddish, stiff, urticating

setae grouped in sparse tufts, interspersed with longer, fin-

er, ash-grey hairs. Penultimate (L5) and final instars (L6;

Figs 16-18) dark brown, covered with long ash-grey hairs

interspersed with abundant reddish- to dark brown,

shorter urticating setae; head (Fig. 18), legs and prolegs

reddish brown; hairs not grouped in tufts as in most oth-

er eupterotid genera but forming transverse bands. Pro-

coxae connate at base (Fig. 26).

Pupa (Figs 20-22, 31). Subcylindrical, anteriorly and

posteriorly rounded, 35-37 mm long, blackish-brown, sur-

face shining; frontal shield elongate teardrop-shaped;

mandibular sheaths very small and indistinct; sheaths of

maxillary palps reaching fusion line between antennal

sheaths, sheaths of fore and middle legs not touching dis-

tally, the former almost reaching distal parts of sheaths of

maxillary palps; the latter 0.8x as long as those of forelegs;

wing sheaths smooth and glossy but with fine transverse

striae; abdominal segments also striate in posterior half,

anterior half covered with small round depressions en-

larged at intersegmental region; cremaster absent but api-

cal surface densely denticulate (Figs 21—22), covered by

larval skin inside dense, hairy and spiny cocoon (Fig. 19)

spun under leaf litter on soil surface.

Chaetotaxy of first-instar larva

Head (Fig. 24): Frontal seta Fl slightly above pore Fa;

AF2 and AFI along upper half of frontal suture, AF2

slightly above AF1; clypeal setae C1 and C2 in typical po-

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 200-206

sition; setae of fore group (Al—A4): A3 above antenna,

drawn level with C2, A4 near epicranial suture opposite

to seta F1, Al at most equidistant between A2 and A3, all

three forming a direct line, Al above stemma 3, level with

A2; lateral seta L1 above stemma 4, level with AF2, L2

above antenna, level with apex of vertex; pore Pa near se-

ta AF2, on line with AFa and AF2; single seta of the stem-

ma group (SI) above stemma 4; SSI behind stemma 5.

Stemmata 2-4 arranged in regular semicircle, and | and

5 slightly apart from them, all similarly pigmented and ap-

parently functional. Labrum (Fig. 29) generally rounded,

anterior margin with deep median notch, with standard set

of setae: M group forming a triangle, M1 near midline,

equidistant between upper and lower margins, small pore

between M1 and M2 and larger one between M2 and M3;

L2 near lateral margin, close to L3. Mandibles (Fig. 30)

adentate, molar surface excavate, with concave edge, with

two setae, the larger one twice as long and more basal.

Body (Fig. 23): Setae dimorph, either stout, long, needle-

shaped or fine, long, hair-like; generally situated on scle-

rotized verrucae or smaller shields, stout ones in centre

and fine elastic ones at periphery; subprimary setae thin,

elastic and plumose (Fig. 27); bases of primary setae in

deep sockets (Fig. 28).

D-group. D1 and D2 on T1 on pronotal shield but com-

pletely obscured by subprimary setae; on T2—T3 and

A1-8, D1 on large spherical verruca with numerous sub-

primary setae; D2 isolated, closely behind D1 verruca but

on D1 verruca on A9, double on T2—T3; on A10 togeth-

er with SD group on triangular anal shield, anteriorly

mostly shorter, thick, but caudally longer, finer.

SD-group. On T1 on pronotal shield together with D;

on T2—3 and Al-8 on small spherical verruca together

with numerous subprimary setae; on AY arranged into two

clusters, upper SD1 comprising 3-4 setae below D ver-

ruca and lower SD2 setae. On A10 together with D-group

on the triangular anal shield.

L-group. On T1 on small spherical verruca together with

numerous subprimary setae; on T2—3 two separate setae

near SD verruca; on A1—2 also two separate setae, L1 an-

teroventrally and L2 posterodorsally of spiracle; similar

on A3—7 but more widely spaced; on A8 both L1 and L2

below spiracle, which is almost 4x larger than on other

segments; on A10 absent.

SV-group. On T1 on large verruca with numerous sub-

primary setae, directly above procoxa; on T2—T3 on sim-

ilar verruca but with some small subprimary setae between

verruca and coxa; on Al—2 and A7-8 in similar arrange-

ment; on A3—A6 on verruca together with some subpri-

mary setae; on AY arranged in cluster together with some

subprimary setae but not on verruca, except a single SV2

lower, close to V-seta; on A10 absent.

V-group. Single V seta on each side of TI-T3, Al—A2

and A7—A9 in standard position; on T2—3 sometimes dou-

ble seta; on A3—A6 and A10 absent.

©ZFMK

The preimaginal stages of Striphnopteryx edulis (Boisduval, 1847) 205

Fig. 31. Pupa of Striphnopteryx edulis, lateral (female) and

ventral (male) views (scale bar 10 mm).

Some very short micro-setae are also present: mD (MD)

and mSD (MSD) close together in front of D1 on T2—T3

and Al—A8, on Al—A8 mSD2 anterodorsally of spiracle;

mV group below SV, on T2—T3 in front of coxa, on Al,

A2 and A7—A9 in front of SV, on A2 double, on A3—A6

in front of prolegs.

DISCUSSION

As typical of the family, the procoxae of the larva are con-

nate. Lemaire & Minet (1999: 330) considered this char-

acter as an autapomorphy of the family, but Oberprieler

et al. (2003: 109) reported free procoxae to occur in some

genera of the Phiala section of Striphnopteryginae. The

insertion of the primary setae in deep sockets (Fig. 28) ap-

pears to be an unusual and perhaps phylogenetically sig-

nificant character, as it also occurs in other eupterotid gen-

era studied (Apha Walker, 1856, Palirisa Moore, 1884,

Pseudojana Hampson, 1893, Hoplojana Aurivillius,

1901). However, the insertion of the primary setae needs

to be studied more closely in other eupterotid genera and

also in other bombycoid families.

Some other characters possibly can be considered di-

agnostic for the genus Striphnopteryx: in the larva, the mo-

lar surface of the mandible is shovel-shaped and un-

toothed; the SV-verrucae on segments A3—6 are well de-

veloped (contrary to the condition in Pseudojana incan-

descens — see Pugaev & Zolotuhin 2011); the bases of SD-

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 200-206

setae are transformed into strong, sclerotized verrucae with

a large number of subprimary setae (in Palirisa — see Pu-

gaev & Thieu, 2011 — and in Pseudojana they are repre-

sented by a single strong seta only); all groups of setae

have subprimary setae admixed; in the pupa, a typical cre-

master is absent, but the terminal segments of the abdomen

are densely denticulate (as in Psewdojana incandescens;

in Palirisa salex hooked cremastral setae are present); the

mandible sheaths are small and indistinct; and the sheaths

of the maxillary palps reach the fusion line between the

antennal sheaths (in Psewdojana the antennal sheaths do

not touch each other distally).

Some of these characters, as well as others not men-

tioned above, may possibly prove to be suitable to distin-

guish Striphnopteryginae from the (probably closely re-

lated) Eupterotinae, but this remains speculative until the

immature stages of many more genera are carefully stud-

ied and compared.

Acknowledgements. We thank W. A. Nassig (Forschungsinsti-

tut Senckenberg, Frankfurt a. Main, Germany) and especially

Rolf Oberprieler (CSIRO, Canberra, Australia) for fruitful dis-

cussions and the latter also for linguistic improvement of an ear-

lier version of the paper. We are also thankful to John Joannou

(South Africa, Krugersdorp, now Pretoria) for providing data on

species distribution, Mike Mostovsky (South Africa, Pietermar-

itzburg) for organizing the expedition to South Africa and pro-

viding technical support, Ulla Kreutz (Germany, Meckenheim)

for preparing some of the images (male upperside, details of pu-

pa), the Trustees of The Natural History Museum (United King-

dom, London) for the photo of the type specimen and Bart

Wursten (Zimbabwe) with assistance from Roy Goff (Gambia,

www.africanmoths.com) and Alexey Prozorov (Russia) for the

photos of live adult specimens. Funds for V. Zolotuhin’s expe-

dition to Africa were provided by the Thomas-Witt-Stiftung, Mu-

nich, in 2007. The work is part of a program of the Department

of Zoology (State Pedagogical University of Uljanovsk) inves-

tigating the diversity of moths.

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©ZFMK

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December 2011

On dragonfly nymphs (Insecta: Odonata: Anisoptera)

from the caldera of the Cerro Azul volcano, Isla Isabela

(Galapagos Archipelago, Ecuador)

Markus Lambertz!5, Volker Spieth?, Judith Denkinger? & Walter Traunspurger?

'Institut fiir Zoologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn, Poppelsdorfer Schlof, 53115 Bonn, Germany

2Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany

3Galapagos Academic Institute for the Arts and Sciences (GAIAS), Universidad San Francisco de Quito,

Puerto Baquerizo Moreno, Isla San Cristobal, Galapagos, Ecuador

4Abteilung Tierékologie, Universitat Bielefeld, Morgenbreede 45, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany

>Corresponding author; E-mail: lambertz@uni-bonn.de.

Abstract. We describe nymphs of the spot-winged glider, Pantala hymenaea, encountered during an expedition to the

caldera of the Cerro Azul volcano on Isabela island in February 2009. This faunistic shortnote provides the first species-

level identification of odonates from a caldera lake of an active Galapagos volcano.

Zusammenfassung. Wir berichten tiber den Fund von Nymphen der Groflibelle Pantala hymenaea bei einer Expediti-

on in die Caldera des Cerro Azul Vulkans auf der Insel Isabela im Februar 2009. Diese faunistische Kurzmitteilung ist

der erste Nachweis von Libellen auf Artniveau aus einem Caldera See eines aktiven Galapagos Vulkans.

Key words. Caldera lake, Chironomidae, Chironomus, faunistics, Galapagos Islands, Libellulidae, Pantala hymenaea.

The odonate fauna on Galapagos is far less diverse com-

pared to continental South America as freshwater bodies

are scarce on the islands. However, adult dragonflies and

damselflies (Insecta: Odonata: Anisoptera + Zygoptera)

are frequently encountered and nymphs can be found in

several temporary pools. Nevertheless, detailed faunistic

data documenting the presence or absence of nymphs in

the various water bodies are lacking (Peck 1992, 2001).

For the caldera lakes of the archipelago’s active volcanoes,

there are only two rather anecdotal reports. Eibl-Eibesfeld

(1961, cited after Peck 1992) observed nymphs in the

caldera lake on Fernandina island, but gave no identifi-

cation of the species. Furthermore, two unidentified aesh-

nid (Anisoptera: Aeshnidae) and libellulid (Anisoptera: Li-

bellulidae) species were mentioned by Muschiol &

Traunspurger (2009), endorsing Peck’s (1992, 2001) spec-

ulation that nymphs could also live in the caldera of Cer-

ro Azul on Isabela island. Here we present the first species-

level identification of odonate nymphs from the caldera

of this active volcano.

Located in the southwestern part of Isabela island, Cer-

ro Azul is the second highest volcano on the Galapagos

Archipelago (approximately 1690 m in elevation) and its

summit is dominated by an elliptic caldera (Banfield et

al. 1956). In the caldera, there are several temporary lakes,

but they have been subject of only scant attention (see

Table | for a summary of both published and previously

unpublished data on these lakes). As a consequence, on-

Received: 28.03.2011

Accepted: 09.06.2011

ly a single study (focusing on the meiofauna) of their

aquatic organisms is available, that of Muschiol & Traun-

spurger (2009). One particular lake, Cone Lake, using the

name introduced by the latter authors, is about 300 m in

diameter and located within a tuff cone at about 1160 m

above sea level, in the caldera’s northeastern corner (Fig.

1). Cerro Azul was active from May 29th and continuing

through June 2008 (Smithsonian Institution 2008), about

five years after the first biological data were collected, re-

sulting in the burial or drying out of two of the lakes pres-

ent in 2003. However, Cone Lake persisted and its mac-

robenthos was examined qualitatively in the present study.

We ascended to the summit on February 17, 2009 and

reached Cone Lake during the morning of the following

day. During our survey in 2009, the lake’s water line, as

indicated by the more prominently protruding islets (Fig.

2), appeared to be approximately two meters lower than

in 2003 (see Muschiol & Traunspurger 2009: fig. 1). Sam-

ples were taken from the shore with a handheld sieve at

ten sites located relatively equidistant from each other. The

collected specimens were stored in 70% ethanol and ex-

amined using a dissecting microscope.

Dragonfly nymphs were captured at all ten sites. The

42 collected specimens ranged from 3 to 24 mm in size

and belonged to a single species. In accordance with the

key provided by House (2001) as a taxonomic reference,

all nymphs were classified as Libellulidae (Insecta:

Odonata), because of their spoon-shaped prementum. The

Corresponding editor: D. Stuning

208 Markus Lambertz et al.

Figs 1.

The caldera of the Cerro Azul volcano. View from its rim in north-eastern direction with Cone Lake in the center of the

photo. Note the massive black lava field on the caldera’s floor and the protective tuff cone harboring the lake. The white asterisk

on the silhouette of the archipelago in the upper left corner indicates its geographic location. Photo: M. Lambertz.

absence of dorsal hooks on their abdominal segments, an

epiproct not shorter than the paraprocts and lateral spines

of the 9th abdominal segment not extending as far as the

tips of the cerci formed the basis of further assignment of

these nymphs to the genus Pantala Hagen, 1861. A slight-

ly downward curved epiproct and a base of the lateral

spine of the 9" abdominal segment larger than one third

of its length confirmed the nymphs as belonging to the

species Pantala hymenaea (Say, 1839).

This species, the spot-winged glider, shows a wide dis-

tribution ranging south from southern Argentina north-

wards to southern Canada, with occasional reports even

from Alaska (Paulsen 2009). It has also been reported on

Isabela island, where it is known to breed in temporary

pools including brackish water habitats (Peck 1992, 2001).

This, at least for odonates, highly unusual physiological

tolerance is shared by most of the species found on the

archipelago (Peck 2001) and may explain its presence as

well in habitats like Cone Lake with its rather extreme wa-

ter chemistry (see Muschiol & Traunspurger 2009 for de-

tails).

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 207-210

During the survey at Cone Lake, we also encountered

several adult dragonflies around the lake, but were unable

to catch one and thus cannot provide a reliable identifi-

cation. Besides the odonates, individuals belonging to at

least two species of chironomid larvae (Insecta: Diptera:

Chironomidae) were observed during a qualitative macro-

scopic examination of the benthos. Based on mentum mor-

phology and the relative position of the ventromental

plates (see Ferrington et al. 2008: fig. 26.186), some of

them could be assigned to the genus Chironomus Meigen,

1803, while others remained unidentified. Chironomids

are known to occur 1n virtually every type of aquatic habi-

tat (Pinder 1995) and are suitable and attractive prey for

nymphs of the spot-winged glider (Quiroz-Martinez et al.

2005).

The fate of the aeshnid species noted in 2003 by Mus-

chiol & Traunspurger (2009) is unclear. That the absence

of this species in our most-recent sample from 2009 is a

consequence of the latest eruptions in 2008 remains spec-

ulative. Moreover, it is uncertain whether P. hymenaea is

indeed the unidentified libellulid species reported in that

©ZFMK

Dragonflies from the Cerro Azul caldera lake 209

Figs 2. Cone Lake from within the tuff cone. The degree of visibility of the cone-shaped islet in the center can be used to esti-

mate the lake’s water level. View is in western direction. Photo: M. Lambertz.

earlier study, although this appears to be the case. Nev-

ertheless, as data on the odonate fauna of the archipela-

go are very scarce, especially regarding their potential

presence in the various water bodies, our report contributes

to the documentation of both the islands’ and this species’

natural history.

Acknowledgements. The Parque Nacional Galapagos (PNG)

provided the research and collection permit (PC- 04-09). We

thank all the members of the expedition, Hubert Spieth, Kai Ris-

tau (Bielefeld), Nicole Spann (Cambridge), Felipe Campos and

Jenny Quijozaca (Puerto Baquerizo Moreno) for contributing to

the wonderful time in the field. Special thanks go to our PNG

guide Novalino, who led us down the caldera. Bradley J. Sin-

clair (Ottawa) is thanked for his help with chironomid identifi-

cation and Tui De Roy (Golden Bay) and Michael Lang (Wash-

ington, DC) for providing information on the presence or absence

of lakes in the caldera. The field work was supported by the

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft TR 445/7-1.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 207-210

REFERENCES

Banfield AF, Behre Jr CH, Clair DS (1956) Geology of Isabela

(Albemarle) Island, Archipelago de Colon (Galapagos). Bul-

letin of the Geological Society of America 67: 215-234

Eibl-Eibesfeld I (1961) Galapagos, the Noah’s ark of the Pacif-

ic. Doubleday and Co, Garden City, New York.

Ferrington Jr LC, Berg MB, Coffman WP (2008) Chironomi-

dae. pp. 847-989 in: Merritt RW, Cummins KW, Berg MB

(eds.) An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North Amer-

ica. 4th ed., Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co., Dubuque, Iowa

Hagen H (1861) Synopsis of the Neuroptera of North America,

with a list of the South American species. Smithsonian Mis-

cellaneous Collections 4:1-347

House NL (2001) Key to nymphs and nymphal exuviae of Gala-

pagos Anisoptera. pp. 118-119 in: Peck SB: Smaller Orders

of Insects of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador: Evolution, Ecol-

ogy and Diversity. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, Ontario

Jackson MH (1993) Galapagos — A natural history. Revised and

expanded edition. University of Calgary Press, Calgary, Al-

berta

McBirmey AR, Williams H (1969) Geology and petrology of the

Galapagos Islands. Geological Society of America Memoir

118: 1-197

OZFMK

210 Markus Lambertz et al.

Meigen JW (1803) Versuch einer neuen Gattungs-Eintheilung

der europdischen zweifliigligen Insekten. Magazin ftir Insek-

tenkunde 2: 259-281

Munro DC, Rowland SK (1996) Caldera morphology in the

western Galapagos and implications for volcano eruptive be-

havior and mechanisms of caldera formation. Journal of Vol-

canology and Geothermal Research 72: 85—100

Muschiol D, Traunspurger W (2009) Life at the extreme: meio-

fauna from three unexplored lakes in the caldera of the Cer-

ro Azul volcano, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. Aquatic Ecol-

ogy 43: 235-248

Naumann T, Geist D (2000) Physical volcanology and structur-

al development of Cerro Azul Volcano, Isabela Island, Gala-

pagos: implications for the development of Galapagos-type

shield volcanoes. Bulletin of Volcanology 61: 497-514

Paulson D (2009) Dragonflies and Damselflies of the West.

Princeton University Press, Princeton and Oxford

Peck SB (1992) The Dragonflies and Damselflies of the Gala-

pagos Islands, Ecuador (Insecta: Odonata). Psyche 99:

309-321

Peck SB (2001) Smaller Orders of Insects of the Galapagos Is-

lands, Ecuador: Evolution, Ecology and Diversity. NRC Re-

search Press, Ottawa, Ontario

APPENDIX

Pinder LCV (1995) The habitats of chironomid larvae. pp.

107-135 in: Armitage PD, Cranston PS, Pinder LCV (eds.)

The Chironomidae: Biology and ecology of non-biting

midges. Chapman & Hall, London

Quiroz-Martinez H, Rodriguez-Castro VA, Solis-Rojas C, Mal-

donado-Blanco MG (2005) Predatory capacity and prey se-

lectivity of nymphs of the dragonfly Pantala hymenaea. Jour-

nal of the American Mosquito Control Association 21:

328-330

Say T (1839) Descriptions of New North American Neuropter-

ous Insects, and Observations on some already described. Jour-

nal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 8:

9-46

Simkin T (1984) Geology of Galapagos Islands. pp. 15—41 in:

Perry R (Ed.): Galapagos (key environments). Pergamon

Press, Oxford

Smithsonian Institution (2008) Cerro Azul. Bulletin of the Glob-

al Volcanism Network 33

Table 1. Summary of published and unpublished data on lakes in the caldera of the Cerro Azul volcano.

Date Cone Lake Main Lake Source Comments

present present

1946 no no McBirney & Williams 1969 Due to the presence of the tuff cone

at that time and the formation

processes of such cones (Simkin

1984), it can be assumed that water

had been temporarily present within

the caldera prior to 1946.

December 1972 no no T De Roy, Golden Bay,

pers. comm. 2011

April 1974 no no T De Roy, Golden Bay,

pers. comm. 2011

early 1980 no no T De Roy, Golden Bay,

pers. comm. 2011

June 1983 yes yes T De Roy, Golden Bay, A huge El Nino event affected the

pers. comm. 2011 Galapagos between December 1982

and July 1983 (Jackson 1993).

1988/89 ? yes Munro & Rowland 1996 On the SPOT image (fig. 6a), even

though not entirely unambiguous,

there appears to be water also in the

tuff cone.

199] yes yes Naumann & Geist 2000

summer 1993 yes yes Naumann & Geist 2000

summer 1995 yes no Naumann & Geist 2000

1998 yes yes Naumann & Geist 2000 Cone Lake was nearly full.

June 1998 yes yes M Lang, Washington, DC, Confirmation of a relatively high

pers. comm. 2011 water level for Cone Lake.

February 2003 yes yes Muschiol & Traunspurger 2009 A small “Side Lake” was isolated

from the Main Lake.

June 2008 yes no T De Roy, Golden Bay, Cerro Azul was active at that time.

pers. comm. 2011 The water level of Cone Lake was

lower than in 2003.

February 2009 yes no this study The water level of Cone Lake was

comparable to that in 2008.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 207-210

©ZFMK

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 211-213

December 2011

Records of the exotic damselfly /schnura senegalensis (Rambur, 1842)

from Bonn (Germany)

Markus Lambertz!3 & Heiko Schmied?

' Institut fiir Zoologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn, Poppelsdorfer Schloss, 53115 Bonn, Germany

2Institut fiir Nutzpflanzenwissenschafien und Ressourcenschutz, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn, Melbweg 42,

53127 Bonn, Germany

3Corresponding author; E-mail: lambertz@uni-bonn.de.

Abstract. We report on specimens of the damselfly /schnura senegalensis (Odonata: Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae) acci-

dentally introduced to western Germany. The odonates were encountered in Bonn and their origin could clearly be cor-

related with commercially distributed exotic aquarium plants.

Zusammenfassung. Wir berichten tiber Exemplare der Kleinlibelle /schnura senegalensis (Odonata: Zygoptera: Coena-

grionidae), die irrtimlich nach Westdeutschland verschleppt wurden. Die Libellen wurden in der Stadt Bonn gefunden

und thre Herkunft konnte zweifelsfre1 mit kommerziell erhaltlichen exotischen Aquarienpflanzen in Verbindung gebracht

werden.

Key words. Anthropogenic dispersal, Coenagrionidae, globalization, North Rhine-Westfalia, Odonata, Zygoptera.

The Marsh or Senegal Bluetail, /schnura senegalensis

(Rambur, 1842), is a common member of the Coenagri-

onidae (Odonata: Zygoptera). Its natural distribution

ranges mainly through an old world tropical and subtrop-

ical belt south of about 35°N from Africa to Japan (Askew

2004; Shama 2010). This species occurs in a variety of

habitats and is tolerant of disturbances and pollution and

therefore assessed as of Least Concern (Shama 2010). The

N-most native occurrences in countries adjacent to Europe

are in Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan and the

Palestinian territories (Shama 2010). However, there are

three isolated published reports of this species far outside

its natural range. These are from S Finland (Valtonen

1985), S Great Britain (Brooks 1988) and E Germany

(Kipping 2006), and could all be correlated with import-

ed exotic aquatic plants.

On May 13, 2011 one of us (HS) encountered a living

damselfly in his bathroom (Theodor-Brinkmann-Strake,

53115 Bonn, Germany) (Fig. 1). A first attempt to iden-

tify this specimen with standard literature for central Eu-

rope (Dijkstra & Lewington 2006) allowed to assign it on-

ly up to Ischnura Charpentier, 1840.

So far, there have been records for only two species of this

genus from around Bonn: /. e/egans (Vander Linden,

1820) and, although rare, 7. pumilio (Charpentier, 1825)

(le Roi 1915; Buchholz 1950; Schmidt 1990). Consulting

Belle & Tol (1990) and Samways (2008) finally revealed

— based on the the shape of the pronotum and the mark-

ings of S2 and S7-10— that the present specimen is a male

of J. senegalensis. As already mentioned, this is primari-

Received: 19.07.2011

Accepted: 22.09.2011

ly a tropical and subtropical species. The only explana-

tion for its occurrence in this part of Europe was, espe-

cially in light of the previously reported irregular records,

the aquarium in the hallway of the apartment. A subse-

quent control of that aquarium and its plants indeed re-

vealed the respective exuvia and another, but dead, larva

of this species (Fig. 2). These vouchers are deposited in

the odonate collection of the Zoologisches Forschungsmu-

seum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK no. pending).

The aquarium, with a capacity of 54 1, had been set up in

early April 2011 and the average water temperature was

kept at approximately 23,5°C. Until the discovery of the

damselfly there had not been any fish in the aquarium as

it was used as a backup basin for an ongoing experiment

on sound production in fish. There were only three species

of plants in the aquarium, one of which (Ludwigia repens

J.R. Forst) belongs to a genus which has been reported as

a suitable microhabitat for coenagrionid larvae in gener-

al, and /. senegalensis in particular (Osawa & Katsuno

2003).

The plants were bought all together from a local pet store

(Fressnapf Bonn-Endenich, ImmenburgstraBbe 38, 53121

Bonn, Germany) in the second week of April 2011. Due

to multiple and also changing wholesalers for this store,

it was impossible to determine the exact origin of the

plants. However, consultation of the store’s fishkeeping

department revealed that there had been isolated reports

of unidentified odonate larvae in the past.

The herein described mode of dispersal for /. senegalen-

sis, as being caused by imported aquarium plants, is in

Corresponding editor: D. Stiining

212 Markus Lambertz & Heiko Schmied

Figs 1. The voucher of /schnura senegalensis (male, in live) from Bonn, Germany (ZFMK no. pending). Photograph: M. Lam-

bertz.

Figs 2. Exuvia from ventral (A) and larva from dorsal (B) and ventral (C) of Ischnura senegalensis from Bonn, Germany (ZFMK

no. pending). Photographs: M. Lambertz.

complete agreement with the previous reports from Eu-

rope (Valtonen 1985; Brooks 1988; Kipping 2006). In an

earlier study from Bonn, Schmidt (1990) also reports on

unidentified specimens of /schnura from the greenhouse

in the botanical garden, which were assumed to have been

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 211-213

imported together with aquatic plants from Cameroon.

Nevertheless, this is the first verified record of [. sene-

galensis from W Germany, the second for entire Germany

and the fourth for central and N Europe.

©ZFMK

Exotic damselflies from Bonn 213

Fortunately, there are yet no indications that such acciden-

tally imported tropical and subtropical odonates have sur-

vived in the wild in Europe (Dijkstra & Lewington 2006;

Kipping 2006). Conze et al. (2010), however, have con-

sidered the increasing average temperatures due to recent

climatic change as the main reason for an increased spread

of thermophilous dragonflies in North Rhine-Westfalia.

Similar reports for a temperature dependent invasion of

odonates exist for other parts of Germany and Europe as

well (Goffart 2010; Knijf & Anselin 2010; Termaat et al.

2010; Ott 2010). Also for Bonn, there is a conspicuous 1n-

crease In average temperature evident (SBASW 2002) and

there is at least one attractive breeding place for odonates

within the city limits (Schmidt 1990), only in about 1 km

linear distance from the present record of this potential-

ly invasive species.

Acknowledgements. We cordially thank Klaas-Douwe B.

Dijkstra (Leiden) and Andreas Martens (Karlsruhe) for their help

with the identification, for providing literature and for valuable

discussions.

REFERENCES

Askew RR (2004) The dragonflies of Europe. revised ed. Harley

Books, Colchester

Belle J, Tol JV (1990) Anomalagrion hastatum (Say), an Amer-

ican damselfly indigenous to the Azores (Odonata, Coenagri-

onidae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 133: 143-147

Brooks SJ (1988) Exotic dragonflies in north London. Journal

of the British Dragonfly Society 4: 9-12

Buchholz KF (1950) Zur Paarung und Eiablage der Agrioninen

(Odonata). Bonner zoologische Beitrage 1: 262—275

Charpentier T de (1825) Horae Entomologicae (Neuroptera, Or-

thoptera, Coleoptera). A. Gosohorsky, Wratislavia

Charpentier T de (1840) Libellulinae Europaeae — Descriptae ac

Depictae. Leopold Voss, Lipsiae

Conze K-J, Grénhagen N, Lohr M, Menke N (2010) Trends in

occurrence of thermophilous dragonfly species in North

Rhine-Westfalia (NRW). Pp. 31-45 in: Ott J (ed.) Monitor-

ing Climatic Change with Dragonflies. BioRisk 5

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 211-213

Dijkstra KDB, Lewington R (2006) Field Guide to the Dragon-

flies of Britain and Europe. British Wildlife Publishing, Dorset

Goffart P (2010) Southern dragonflies expanding in Wallonia

(south Belgium): a consequence of global warming? Pp.

109-126 in: Ott J (ed.) Monitoring Climatic Change with

Dragonflies. BioRisk 5

Kipping J (2006) Globalisierung und Libellen: Verschleppung

von exotischen Libellenarten nach Deutschland (Odonata: Co-

enagrionidae, Libellulidae). Libellula 25: 109-116

Knif G De, Anselin A (2010) When south goes north: Mediter-

ranean dragonflies (Odonata) conquer Flanders (North-Bel-

gium). Pp. 141—153 in: Ott J (ed.) Monitoring Climatic Change

with Dragonflies. BioRisk 5

Osawa S, Katsuno T (2003) The relationship between the dis-

tribution of a vulnerable species Ludwigia peploidea ssp. stip-

ulacea and an inhabitation of Coenagrionidae in urban river.

Journal of the Japanese Society of Revegetation Technology

29: 343-351

Ott J (2010) Dragonflies and climatic change — recent trends in

Germany and Europe. Pp. 253-286 in: Ott J (ed.) Monitoring

Climatic Change with Dragonflies. BioRisk 5

Rambur JP (1842) Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Neuropteres

(Suites a Buffon). Roret, Paris

Roi O le (1915) Die Odonaten der Rheinprovinz. Verhandlun-

gen des Naturhistorischen Vereins der preuBischen Rheinlande

und Westfalens 72: 119-178

Samways MJ (2008) Dragonflies and Damselflies of South

Africa. Pensoft Publishers, Sofia

Schmidt E (1990) Libellenbeobachtungen in der Stadt: Der

Botanische Garten Bonn. Tier und Museum 2: 42—52

Shama G (2010) Jschnura senegalensis. In: IUCN Red List of

Threatened Species Version 2011.1. Online at http://www.1uc-

nredlist.org last accessed on June 16, 2011

SBASW [Stadt Bonn, Amt fiir Statistik und Wahlen] (2002)

Jahrestemperaturen in Bonn seit 1895. Bonner Monatszahlen

22: 1 [not paginated]

Termaat T, Kalkman VJ, Bouwman JH (2010) Changes in the

range of dragonflies in the Netherlands and the possible role

of temperature change. Pp. 155—173 in: Ott J (ed.) Monitor-

ing Climatic Change with Dragonflies. BioRisk 5

Valtonen P (1985) Exotic dragonflies imported accidentally with

aquarium plants to Finland. Notulae Odontologicae 2: 87—88

Vander Linden PL (1820) Agriones Bononienses descriptae. Ty-

pographia annesii de nobilibus, Bononiae

©OZFMK

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 214-228

Synonymy and nomenclatural history

of the Common or Viviparous Lizard, by this time:

Zootoca vivipara (Lichtenstein, 1823)

Josef Friedrich Schmidtler! & Wolfgang Béhme?

!Oberfohringer StraBe 35, D-81925 Miinchen, Germany, E-mail: josef@schmidtler.eu

2Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D-53113 Bonn, Germany;

E-mail: w.boehme.zfmk@uni-bonn.de

Abstract. We carefully reread and translated the Latin account by J.F. von Jacquin (1787) on his description of a vivi-

parous lizard (“Lacerta vivipara’”’) in the Austrian Alps near Vienna. It turned out that — in contrast to common usage —

this account cannot be regarded as the original description and scientific denomination of the taxon Zootoca (formerly

Lacerta) vivipara. It is apparent that v. Jacquin did not at all intend to describe a new species, but just wanted to point

on his extraordinary observation that the lizard observed by him gave birth to young instead of laying eggs (Latin: La-

certa vivipara = viviparous lizard). For securing nomenclatural stability of this well-known and widely distributed species,

we had to search for the next, subsequent author using v. Jacquin’s name in the sense of a taxonomic denomination. Ac-

cording to our extensive literature review, it was Lichtenstein (1823) who first used “Lacerta vivipara” as a species name

(although he thought it to be a synonym of Lacerta muralis). In accordance with and to meet the standards of Article 11

of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999), the common lizard has now to be named Lacerta

vivipara Lichtenstein, 1823, or, according to current concepts, Zootoca vivipara (Lichtenstein, 1823).

Cocteau (1832) was the only earlier author who recognized that von Jacquin had no intention of describing a new species.

He therefore named his lizard from Schneeberg / Austria “Lacerta de Jacquin” which has to be regarded as a replace-

ment name (at least with respect to Lacerta vivipara Lichtenstein). Subsequently, Dumeril & Bibron (1839) discussed

the biological details of “Lacerta vivipara” given by Cocteau (1832), but omitted his nomenclatural findings complete-

ly, like all subsequent authors. Since then the common lizard was usually named “Lacerta vivipara de Jacquin, 1787”,

whereupon some older names before Lichtenstein’s (1823) action were relegated into its synonymy.

The viviparous lizard was for a long time the hidden member of a voluminous collective species since early Linnean

times (named Lacerta agilis by Linnaeus, 1758, or Lacertus cinereus by Lacepéde, 1788 — and comprising at least addi-

tionally Lacerta agilis Linnaeus, 1768, Lacerta viridis Laurenti, 1768, and Podarcis muralis (Laurenti, 1768), in their

current sense. On the other hand Wolf in Sturm (1805) and Mikan in Sturm (1805) had split the present-day Zootoca vi-

vipara into three species later on .The discrepancy between several simultaneous lumping and splitting trends immense-

ly complicated the development of nomenclature and systematics — not only in Zootoca vivipara (see Schmidtler, 2010)

—up to the middle of the 19' century.

In this paper, we provide a detailed list of the names erected and described in connection with the common lizard and

discuss and evaluate their nomenclatural availability. Some of the old nomina were rediscovered here and are rather cu-

rious examples from early post-Linnean times.

Key words. Squamata: Lacertidae: Zootoca vivipara; nomenclature, authorships, history of herpetology.

December 2011

INTRODUCTION

The Common or viviparous lizard (Lacerta — now Zooto-

ca vivipara auct.) is the most widespread terrestrial rep-

tile in the world ranging from the Cantabrian mountains

and Ireland in the west through the entire Eurasian land-

mass to Sakhalin Id. (Russia) and Hokkaido Id. (Japan)

in the east, and from the Po valley (Italy) and South Bul-

garia in the south to the Barents Sea in the north. But de-

spite this huge range, this species was for long believed

to be monotypic (see e.g. Wermuth 1951, Mertens & Wer-

muth 1960). However, more recent studies revealed con-

siderable differences in physiology, natural history, kary-

ology, and — most important — molecular genetics which

resulted in the description and/or recognition of several

Received: 15.08.2011

Accepted: 10.10.2011

subspecies, viz. sachalinensis Perelshin & Terentyev,

1963, pannonica Lac & Kluch, 1968, carniolica Mayer,

Boéhme, Tiedemann & Bischoff, 2000, and /owislantzi Ar-

ribas, 2009 (see Dely & Bohme 1984, Kuprianova &

Bohme 1997, Cabela et al. 2001, Mayer & Bohme 2000,

Mayer et al. 2000, Odierna et al. 2000, 2004, Glandt 2001,

Surget-Groba et al. 2001, Arribas 2009). Subsequently, it

was even claimed that it would be possible (though still

difficult) to define some of these taxa by external mor-

phology (Clasen 2001, Guillaume et al., 2006, Arribas

2009).

Because of this new and earlier unexpected diversity in

the above-mentioned parameters of this species it became

Corresponding editor: P. Wagner

Synonymy and nomenclatural history of Zootoca vivipara (Lichtenstein, 1823) 2]

important to define what Zootoca (or Lacerta respective-

ly) vivipara actually is. To this end, a re-analysis of J.F.

v. Jacquin’s (1787) first description and a short biograph-

ical search about himself seemed useful as a first step. This

first description of a viviparous lizard is a short account

of one and a half pages published in Latin language in the

“Annales Helveticae”. It deals with an observation the au-

thor made when he was an eleven years old boy, accom-

panying his father, the famous botanist Nikolaus Josef von

Jacquin, on a botanical excursion to the Schneeberg near

Vienna in 1778. During this walk, Josef Franz happened

to catch a female lizard, put it into a small box, looked

after it again two days later and found six juveniles but

no eggshells wherefore he drew the correct conclusion that

these juveniles should have come to light directly from

their mother’s body. A first important point in respect to

this article (written down nine years later, i.e. 1787) is that

the term “Lacerta vivipara” (i.e. a viviparous lizard) is

used only once, viz. in the title. The next mentioning of

the animal, the first in the text, reads “Lacerta praegnans”

(i.e. a pregnant lizard). But the statement given by the au-

thor at the end of his article, that he would never dare to

state which species his lizard might belong to, makes def-

initely clear that “Lacerta vivipara” was not intended as

a new scientific taxon name but only as a Latin term for

the observed phenomenon of viviparity. If he would have

written his account in German or any other language, the

name Lacerta vivipara would never have been created at

that time and would never have been ascribed to J.F. von

Jacquin (see Cocteau 1835, Boéhme & Rédder 2006,

Schmidtler & B6hme 2006). This means, that Lacerta vi-

vipara Jacquin, 1787 does not at all meet the criteria of

Art. 11.5 of the International Code of Zoological Nomen-

clature (ICZN 1999) which states: ’To be available, a

name must be used as valid for a taxon when proposed”.

We were aware that this discovery is suited to endan-

ger the stability of the name Zootoca vivipara because the

synonymy list is long and dates back to the early 19D cen-

tury. Changing the name of this famous reptile would be

catastrophic, not so much for herpeto-taxonomists (who

are accustomed to such changes) but mainly for taxono-

my-users such as physiologists, ecologists, conservation-

ists etc., and the Code clearly states already in its pream-

ble that stability and universality of scientific names is its

uppermost objective, and the priority rule for example has

to serve stability and not vice versa (ICZN 1999). It was

therefore our first ambitious goal to solve the nomenclat-

ural problems arising from the insight that Jacquin (1787)

is not the author of this taxon. Hence we provide here a

commented list of all synonyms or other names connect-

ed with Zootoca vivipara. Such a list 1s certainly of inter-

est because it might well be possible that further refine-

ment of the infraspecific structure of Z. vivipara and con-

sequently further taxonomic splitting can happen. This

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 214-228

should be facilitated when a sound nomenclatural basis

is available. With this paper, we want to contribute to the

creation of this basis by evaluating the complicated

nomenclatural history of Zootoca vivipara which is more

than 200 years old.

RESULTS

I. Synonymy list of Zootoca vivipara

In the following we give an as complete as possible com-

mented list of names applied to Z. vivipara since von

Jacquin’s (1787) account. The year of description is fol-

lowed by the name in its original spelling and by the type

localitiy — 1f stated — likewise in the original spelling. Our

comments are referred to numbered notes in the second

paragraph of this chapter.

1830 Zootoca Wagler — Type species: “Lacerta vivipara

Jacqu.“. (Note 1)

1785 Seps? atra Schrank in Schrank & Moll — Berg

Schwarzort bei Berchtesgaden. (Note 2)

1787 “Lacerta vivipara~ Jacquin — “‘In monte Schneeberg*.

(Note 3)

1788 Lacertus cinereus Lacépéde — (Note 4)

1804 Lacerta oedura Sheppard — “At different times found

in vast abundance“. (Note 5)

1805 Lacerta montana Mikan in Sturm — “Riesengebirg™.

(Note 6)

1805 Lacerta nigra Wolf in Sturm — “Wenger-Alpe, Can-

ton Bern‘. (Note 7)

1805 Lacerta crocea Wolf in Sturm — “Hiesige Gegend™.

(Note 8)

1808 Lacerta fragilis Palmstruch & Swartz (Note 9)

1820 Lac. unicolor Kuhl — “Vaterland ?“ (Note 10)

1820 Lac. ptychodes Kuhl — “Vaterland?“. (Note 11)

1820 Lacerta ptvchodes Merrem — “Habitat. ..“*. (Note 11)

1820 Lacerta pyrrhogaster Merrem — “Deutschland™.

(Note 12)

1823 “Lac. vivipara Jaquin™ (sic!), Lichtenstein. (Note 3)

1829 Lacerta schreibersiana Milne Edwards — “Envoyés

de Vienne*. (Note 13)

1832 Lacerta Schreibersiana vat. a. fusca Gachet (p. 238)

— ‘Environs de Bordeaux“ (Note 13a)

1832 Lacerta Schreibersiana var. b. lutea Gachet (p. 239)

— “Environs de Bordeaux (dans une prairie humide)*

(Note 13a)

1832 Lacerta chrysogastra Andrzejowski — “In vallibus

circa Cremenecum’’. (Note 14)

1835 Lacerta de jacquin Cocteau — “(nova acta Helvetica

1787, page 33 Icon tab. 1)“ (Note 15)

1835 Lacerta guérin Cocteau — “La Forét d’Eu*. (Note

16)

©ZFMK

216 Josef Friedrich Schmidtler & Wolfgang B6hme

1837 Zootoca montana Tschudi — ““Wahrscheinlich das sel-

tenste schweizerische Reptil... Gebirgsbewohnerin“.

(Note 17)

1837 Zootoca alpina Tschudi — “Schweiz*. (Note 18)

1840 “Lacerta isidori Geoffr.” (sic!), Schinz (Note 19)

1872 Lacerta vivipara var. pallida Fatio “Ca et la dans

nos Alpes et dans le Jura‘. (Note 20)

1897 Lacerta vivipara var. carniolica Werner —

(Schneeberg). (Note 21)

1898 Lacerta (Zootoca ) vivipara var. melanogastra Pra-

zak — “Leitomyschl, Carlsbad “, BOhmen (Note 22)

1902 Lacerta vivipara var. barabensis Kashchenko — “Ba-

rab”, near Tomsk (Note 23)

1923 Lacerta vivipara var. gedulyi Fejervaryi —

Babad, commune Ocsa, dép. Pest” (Note 24)

1963 Lacerta vivipara sachalinensis Pereljeshin & Ter-

entjev — Type locality not given, but by implication

Sakhalin Island. (Note 25)

1968 Lacerta vivipara pannonica Lac & Kluch — “Bo-

t’any, Kapushansky Wald” (Note 26)

2000 Zootoca vivipara carniolica Mayer, Bohme, Tiede-

mann & Bischoff — “Slovenia: Mt. Sneznik: 8 km SE

Masun village, 1250 m a.s.1.“. (Note 21)

2009 Zootoca vivipara louislantzi Arribas — “Pla de Be-

ret (Vall d’Aran, Lleida). Spain“ (Note 27)

Krain

““Felso-

II. Notes

1. Zootoca Wagler, 1830

Lacerta vivipara is the type species of Zootoca Wagler,

1830 (see Stejneger 1907: 251); the later determination

of Zootoca crocea by Fitzinger (1843: 20) is irrelevant,

since the type determination had been carried out by Wa-

gler (1830: 155) himself (by monotypy; Article 68.3 of the

Code). Wagler listed indeed Lacerta crocea beside other

nomina, but they have been added in brackets just behind

Lacerta vivipara. According to Wagler’s handling, these

nomina are deemed synonyms. Zootoca was re-elevated

to full generic rank by Mayer & Bischoff (1996).

In addition, Wagler (1830) provided also the basis for

the modern generic and specific systematic concept and

the current nomenclature of European lizards, next to Z.

vivipara also for e.g. Lacerta agilis and Podarcis muralis,

although his generic concept was widely accepted much

later, since the early 1990s (see Schmidtler 2010: fig. 1).

2. Seps? atra Schrank in Schrank & Moll, 1785

(Fig. 1)

Even if seen on the background of former contemporary

practices, the original description appears highly strange.

It corresponds only to a sight record of several seconds

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 214-228

(see text in fig. 1) on occasion of Schrank’s excursion to

Mount Schwarzort near Berchtesgaden (then a clerical

principality immediate to the so called Old German Em-

pire; now situated in southeastern Bavaria). The identifi-

cation as a viviparous lizard is nonetheless obvious:

Schrank was a good adept of the local herpetofauna which

he registered in the same work in his “20. Brief tiber

Berchtesgaden” (1785b). The simultaneous and progres-

sive use of Laurenti’s (1768) new generic and specific

names for the species observed by Schrank himself in this

territory demonstrates well that he was able to differenti-

ate between lizards and salamanders: Proteus tritonius (the

larvae of the Alpine newt, now Jchthyosaura alpestris; see

Schmidtler 2007), Salamandra atra, Salamandra macu-

losa, Seps viridis (here probably the male of the sand

lizard, Lacerta agilis) beside “Seps? atra”’). A certain un-

sureness concerning the genus is mirrored by the question

mark behind Laurenti’s new generic name Seps for lizards.

In the case at hand the evidence of quickness, colouration,

the long tail and the slender body are surely crucial. There

may be added the ecological description of the Schwar-

zort mountain in the preceding “19. Brief’ (Schrank

1785a) which is pointing to a typical alpine montane for-

est. According to our present knowledge this altitudinal

belt in the Northern Calcareous Alps is characteristically

inhabited by Zootoca vivipara. In the subsequent litera-

ture this taxon is apparently alluded only once, by Jack-

el (1871: 85), who correctly related it to the melanistic

Lacerta nigra Wolf (see below note 7).

Seps atra (grammatically and according to Art. 34.3

ICZN nomenclaturally correct, would be: “Seps ater”;

Seps has, contrary to Zootoca, a male gender; cf. Lauren-

ti, final sentence of the “Errata”: ,,Si Sepem inveneris in

genere feminino lege masculinum*) is therefore the old-

est available synonym in the genus Zootoca. It is howev-

er a “nomen oblitum” (compared with vivipara; see be-

low note 3), but being available as a taxon of the species

$3. Gdytwarse Cidechfe? (Seps? atra.)

‘ Yd) Habe diefes Thier nicht hinlanglid) gee

fehen; vielleidft war es ein fdjwarser Mold); aber es

‘pat dod) fdjnel, und der Sdwang fchien mir viel

‘Dinner und (danger als bey den Molden, und der

Rorper fcblanfer.

Sc) habe es in dem Bathe unterm Sdhwarge

orte auf einem faulen Baumftocte gefeben, alfein

als id) e& greifen wollte, war es weg, und nicht

mehr zu finder.

Fig. 1. Text of the original description of Seps atra Schrank,

1785. For translation see Note 2.

OZFMK

Synonymy and nomenclatural history of Zootoca vivipara (Lichtenstein, 1823) 217

group, if the taxonomical distinctness of this Berchtes-

gaden taxon should emerge. (Art. 29 ICZN).

The translation of Schrank’s figure legend (Fig. 1) is:

“53. Black lizard? (Seps? atra.). I did not see this lizard

sufficiently; perhaps it was a black newt; but it was

nonetheless quick, and the tail seemed to me much thin-

ner and longer than in newts, and the body slimmer. I have

seen it in the forest below of (Mt.) Schwarzort on a rot-

ten tree trunk, however, when I wanted to catch it, it dis-

appeared, and was not to be traced again.”

3. *Lacerta vivipara* Jaquin, 1787 and Lacerta vivipa-

ra Lichtenstein, 1823. (Fig. 2)

3.1. Only a “viviparous lizard” but not an original de-

scription.

As mentioned already in the introduction, J.F. de Jacquin

(1787) entitled a short note as follows: ,,Lacerta vivipa-

ra, observatio Jos. Francisci de Jacquin*. After having de-

scribed the context of his discovery and the morphology

of a female with its hatchlings born shortly after the cap-

ture, he stated that he would not dare to decide to which

species this specimen could be assigned, He even consult-

ed Linné‘s work in vain, who did also not seem to him to

know much in terms of many other species of “our Aus-

tria’”. Thus the aforementioned caption should certainly not

denote a new species but rather was intended as the sci-

entific communication of a sensational biological anom-

aly, namely a “viviparous lizard” (Latin: “Lacerta vivip-

ara’) within the class of the ““oviparous quadrupeds” - the

present-day amphibians and reptiles (see Bohme & Réd-

der 2006; Schmidtler & Bohme 2006). Cocteau (1835; see

note 14) was the first to spot these facts, but they were

forgotten shortly after publication of his work. “Lacerta

vivipara Jacquin, 1787” had therefore not become an

available name (Art. 11.5 ICZN).

3.2. The search for the correct species name.

According to the principle of priority (Art. 23.3.5 ICZN),

the name vivipara would generally have to be replaced by

the next-oldest available synonym (see listing in chapter

I). However, the principle of priority is not a value in its

own, but it is a means to serve stability and universality

of nomenclature (Preamble and Art. 23.2 ICZN). There-

fore, names of long acceptance should not be invalidated

but preserved if this can anyhow be achieved. This is par-

ticularly true for the name of such a famous and wide-

spread species as in this case!

As far as noticeable for us, the name Lacerta vivipara

was first used as a “real” species name — and also by re-

ferring to Jacquin — in Lichtenstein’s (1823) catalogue (see

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 214-228

fig. 3), which contains also many new species descriptions.

From that time onwards (especially since Dumeril &

Bibron, 1839) this name became more and more in gen-

eral use. The peculiarity here is that in this “Verzeichniss”

by Lichtenstein 1823 the history of discovery and the de-

scription of “Lac. vivipara. Jaquin” (sic!) are treated in

detail, but that this taxon was “only” ranked as a synonym

under “14. Lacerta muralis Mert.” (text under fig. 3). But,

by virtue of the Articles 11.5, 11.6, 50.7 ICZN this fact is

sufficient to make the name Lacerta vivipara from its type

locality “Mons Schneeberg” (= Mt. Schneeberg, west of

Vienna) available.

The older synonyms (between 1788 and 1820: atra, oe-

dura, nigra, crocea, montana etc., see the synonymy list

above) must not be considered as threatening the citation

of vivipara by Lichtenstein (1823): None of them was used

as a valid name after 1899 (Art. 23.9.1.1 ICZN), and it is

no question here that Lacerta vivipara was validly used

in at least 25 publications by at least 10 authors in the last

50 years (Art. 23.9.1.2 ICZN).

3.3 The correct authorship of Lacerta vivipara

“H. Lichtenstein” is headed on the title page of the “Verze-

ichniss” (1823), but this fact does not exclude a possible

coauthorship of other persons for parts of the publication

(Art. 50.1 ICZN). So, among others, Tschudi (1837: 29)

had nominated “Schulze” (sic!) without any substantia-

tion as a coauthor of the mentioned citation. This was ap-

parently based on Lichtenstein’s own statement on his in-

troductory page IX: ,,Damit ich mir nicht allein anzuma-

fen scheine, was Verdienstliches an dieser kleinen Arbeit

sein mag, so darf ich nicht unerwahnt lassen, dass zwei

meiner werthen Gehiilfen, Herr Doctor Rédig, (jetzt Pro-

fessor in Minster) und Herr Stud. Med. Ferd. Schultze von

Halle an dem Verzeichnif der Amphibien und Fische ei-

nen wesentlichen Antheil haben. Namentlich sind die ein-

gestreuten Bemerkungen tiber die variablen Eidechsen Ar-

ten und die Fassung der mehrsten Diagnosen in den letz-

ten 4 Bogen ganz des letztern Werk, und von demselben

wdhrend meiner Abwesenheit von hier, zum Druck befor-

dert* which reads in our translation: ,,/n order not to as-

cribe everything to myself what could be meritious in this

small work, I may not leave it unmentioned that two of

my estimated helpers, Dr. Rodig (now professor at Muns-

ter) and Mr. Stud . Med. Ferd(inand) Schultze of Halle

have considerably participated in the list (“Verzeichniss ”’)

of amphibians and fishes. Particularly the dispersed com-

ments on the variable lizard species and the version of

most of the diagnoses in the last 4 sheets are completely

the latter s work , and were also sent by bim to the print-

er during my absence.”

This highly precious and mannered information does not

represent in itself a proof that F. Schultze really authored

©ZFMK

218 Josef Friedrich Schmidtler & Wolfgang B6hme

Fig. 2.

“Lacerta vivipara” from de Jacquin (1787); adult fe-

male with its newborn offspring, from Schneeberg, west of Vi-

enna. — Note 3.

IIL Amphibien.

Lac. vivipara. Jaquin, *) —

4. Lacertus cinereus Lacepéde, 1788 (Figs 4, 5).

4.1. A confusing collective species and an unavailable bi-

nomen.

This binominal taxon is mentioned by Lacépéde (1788)

only in his ,,synopsis methodica quadrupedum oviparum“

being adherent to his herpetological encyclopedia (“L.

cinereus” under the caption “Lacertus”’). Apart from that,

Lacépéde was always speaking of the “Lézard gris” (=

Grey lizard; cf. also “Lacertus cinereus” and “Graue Ei-

dechse” in Bechstein 1800: 537). However, Lacertus

cinereus does not anymore figure in any contest with oth-

er available taxa, since Lacépéede’s new taxa in this first

and not constantly binominal volume of his encyclopedia

were declared as not available (,,Lacepéde, B.G._E. de la

V. 1788. Histoire Naturelle de Quadrupédes Ovipares, and

all subsequent editions of this work ruled to be not avail-

Thi.

Lae. collart integerrimo adnato, squamis dorsi et laterum laevibus

sexaungularibus, squ. caudae annulatim abseissis supra subcari-

QELS,

Os acutius quam intiace agli. Linn. Lac. stirpium. Daud,;

series scutorum .abdominalium sex; port femorales 47.**) In me-

dio dorso linea tnéerrupla puinclorum nigrorum, sed sacpius deest.

Fig. 3.

Excerpt from the description of Lacerta vivipara in Lichtenstein (1823) as a synonym under “14. Merr. L. muralis. p.

67” (preceding page 92). Below page number 93 see the price column with the abbreviation “Thlr’ (=Thaler), at that time the Pruss-

ian currency. The publication of Lichtenstein (1823) belongs to an unusual and rare literary genre in which sales catalogue and zo-

ological science are combined (see Junk, 1926-1936: 192, 198). Numerous animal species are described here under specification

of the selling price per specimen. The explanations of the reptiles are at great length (see also Schmidtler 2004). — Note 3.

the citations on Lacerta muralis or Lacerta vivipara, re-

spectively. Even the instance that F.S. Leuckart (see

Leuckart 1841: 14, footnote 64) had discussed with F.

Schultze on the viviparity of the viviparous lizard (“L. cro-

cea’), cannot be used as an argument. Therefore, Licht-

enstein, author of the ““Verzeichniss (1823)’, should be re-

garded also as the author of the taxonomic parts that deal

with lacertids (Art. 50.1 ICZN).

We conclude that the correct scientific denomination

of the viviparous lizard is now Zootoca vivipara

(Lichtenstein, 1823).

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 214-228

able for nomenclatural purposes, and no name to acquire

the status of availability by reason of having been pub-

lished in any edition. Op. 2104"; see ICZN 1987, 2005).

4.2. Nonetheless: A key taxon important for the under-

standing of the history of systematics.

The story of Lacertus cinereus seems well appropriate to

understand the hopeless confusion which arose at the end

of the 18" century in the systematics of lizards (and not

©ZFMK

Synonymy and nomenclatural history of Zootoca vivipara (Lichtenstein, 1823) 219

SCALY LIZARD,

Fig. 4.

aon] earls

ROBE

CRA

Fig. 5.

The “Scaly lizard” from Pennant (1776) is a British Zootoca vivipara female. — Note 4.

Excerpt with “Lézard gris (Lacerta agilis)” from Bonnaterre (1789: 44 and pl. 6, fig. 2). This copy of Pennant’s Scaly

lizard (= Zootoca vivipara; see fig. 4) was intended to represent a current French Podarcis muralis. See some single falsifications

because of this cribbing: The more reduced pileus scalation, the reduced spotting upon the dorsum and the even scalation of the

tail compared with the verticillate and rugose formation of the original. — Note 4.

only in their systematics!). Here, Linnaeus (1758) and

Lacépéde (1788) may be characterised as “lumpers”. In

their species Lacerta agilis and Lacertus cinereus / Lézard

gris there are comprised more or less clear at least the sand

lizard (currently: Lacerta agilis Linnaeus), the green lizard

(currently: Lacerta viridis Laurenti or L_ bilineata,

Daudin), the wall lizard (currently: Podarcis muralis (Lau-

renti)), the viviparous lizard (currently: Zootoca vivipara

(Lichtenstein) see the comprehensive discussion in Ley-

dig (1881: 161)). Contrary to them, Laurenti (1768) and

Daudin (1802) took the line of an extreme “splitting”.

They based new species upon juvenile forms, colour va-

rieties, males and females (for details see: Dumeril &

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 214-228

Bibron 1839, Schmidtler 2004, 2010, Kuzmin 2005: 242).

It is noteworthy that Zootoca vivipara is not involved in

this splitting bacchanal.

As indicated, Lacertus cinereus Lacépéde (the male gen-

der represents an unjustified emendation; cf. David & al.

2002: 24) comprises also Zootoca vivipara. This fact is

less identifiable from the ambiguous morphological de-

scriptions, but in fact from a publication on its vivipari-

ty, being published covertly (Lacépéde 1789: 491, “Ad-

ditions”), and forgotten later on. This citation worried

Lacépéde. He only found a way by speculating that the

grey lizards could not help but the salamanders in fact

could (then also in the Linnean genus Lacerta!), the fe-

©ZFMK

males of which are sometimes egg-laying and sometimes

giving birth to living young. Observations like these be-

gan to shake systematics of that time. There intrinsically

Oviparous quadrupeds and snakes (both in the class of

“amphibians”) were facing the viviparous quadrupeds

(mammals).

4.3. Problems of specific identification: Different in every

country.

Ultimately Bell (1839: 22) hit the mark when discussing

the use of the name “Lacerta agilis”: ,,...that the Linnean

term agilis has been applied by zoologists of different

countries to that species of Lizard which is best known or

most common in their own. Thus the Podarcis muralis, the

common lizard of Italy and of France, has been so called

by Italian or French writers; and our own little indige-

nous species, so frequent in almost all parts of England,

which I shall presently describe under its proper appel-

lation of Zootoca vivipara, has hitherto received the same

name from every British naturalist who has written on the

subject™.

A good example is the unscrupulous cribbing of Pen-

nant’s “Scaly lizard” (1776: fig. 4 this paper; definitely

the female of a British Zootoca vivipara) by Bonnaterre

(1789; fig. 5 this paper), who believed it a (current) French

Podarcis muralis but named it still Lacerta agilis

(“Lézard gris”)!

The fact that today the binomen “Lacerta agilis” is iden-

tified with the sand lizard and not with the viviparous

lizard, depends lastly on Wolf in Sturm who had uncov-

ered both taxa, living in Nuremberg, to be independent

species and to describe and depict them elaborately (See

Wolf in Sturm 1799: some coloured images of males and

females of the sand lizard Lacerta agilis; depicted also by

Schmidtler 2004. Wolf in Sturm 1805: below notes 6—8

and figs 6, 7 hoc loco). It was finally Wagler (1830; see

note 1) who leveraged Wolf’s nomenclatural classifica-

tions together with its basic systematical contents (see al-

so Koch in Sturm 1828).

5. Lacerta oedura Sheppard, 1804

“At different times found in vast abundance“: Sheppard

offers no exact information on the geographical origin of

his new species. However, it results from the caption and

introduction of his article (“British lizards”) that Britain

has to be understood as type locality.

This taxon is cited by Tschudi (1837: 3) under the name

“Lacerta oedura Scheppard” (sic!) and undergoes a fur-

ther “mutation” in the paper by Schinz (1840: 19 as “La-

certa aedura Scheppert (sic! See fig. 10), a spelling which

can be found again in some later references (Erber 1868).

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 214-228

220 Josef Friedrich Schmidtler & Wolfgang BOhme

By the way, Sheppard’s article contains two further new

“Lacerta” species: Lacerta anguiformis (“*An Lacerta

aquatica Linn.?” = Lissotriton vulgaris ?) and Lacerta

maculata (a younger homonym of both Lacerta macula-

ta Shaw, 1802 (now: Ambystoma maculatum) und Lacer-

ta maculata Daudin, 1802); the latter dubious taxon is ap-

parently not enclosed in later synonymy listings.

6. Lacerta montana Mikan in Sturm, 1805 (Fig. 6)

The ,,Riesengebirge“: This mountain range forms today

the border between Poland and the Czech Republic. See

also Zootoca montana Tschudi, 1837 (note 16).

See in detail Leydig (1881 : 166) who showed that Lin-

naeus (1758: 203 and 1766: 363 ) had lumped together at

least the current species Lacerta agilis and Zootoca vivip-

ara under the name Lacerta agilis. Wolf and Mikan were

the first who partitioned the Linnean collective species L.

agilis in the fourth issue of Sturm’s “Deutschlands Fau-

na’(1805) The first important progress had been made by

Wolf in the second issue of Sturm’s work when he de-

scribed and magnificently figured the male and the female

of the current species L. agilis under this name (see also

Schmidtler 2004). However, the current species Z. vivip-

ara was introduced by Mikan and Wolf as no less than

three different species see Note 7 & 8)! The mingling of

the two species is still to be found as late as Brandt &

Ratzeburg (1829) who reported under L. agilis also vivip-

arous individuals. — For more details about the complex

problems within collective species see note 4.

7. Lacerta nigra Wolf in Sturm, 1805 (Fig. 6)

The type locality is “Schneegebirge, so genannte Wenger-

Alpe’, in the canton of Berne, Switzerland. See also

Tschudi (1837: tab. 1), who regarded this black variant as

a variety of his Zootoca montana (note 16).

8. Lacerta crocea Wolf in Sturm, 1805 (Fig. 7)

Wolf wrote that he had received this lizard from “hiesiger

Gegend” (= “local region”) whereby he meant his habi-

tation, the then Imperial City of Nuremberg (Nurnberg).

This taxon was considered by Wagler (1830) as a synonym

of Zootoca vivipara (cf. note | and Duméril & Bibron

1839), but nevertheless persisted in the literature some

decades as an independent species.

The viviparous lizard was first depicted by Nikolaus M.

Oppel (1782-1820) in a perfect manner (Schmidtler 2008:

22, fig. 12), but remained subsequently unpublished. This

figure stimulated Leydig to a hymn of praise in his (1872:

224) historical chapter on “Lacerta vivipara™.

©ZFMK

Synonymy and nomenclatural history of Zootoca vivipara (Lichtenstein, 1823)

Lacerta Wepre Mile .

Lacerta monlarna Makan 5

Fig. 6. ~Iconotypes” of Lacerta nigra Wolf in Sturm, 1805 (above) and Lacerta montana Mikan in Sturm, 1805 (undesignated

plates). — Notes 6 and 7.

222 Josef Friedrich Schmidtler & Wolfgang BOhme

Lacer ht cree va Methe.

7 ae)

Fig. 7.

— Note 8.

LB.

LHL Delf wv

Fig. 8. Lacerta agilis resp. “Lacerta fragilis” from Palms-

truch & Swartz (1808). — Note 9.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 214-228

Lacerte crocea Mili,

4. Mas.

Different specimens in different positions of Lacerta crocea Wolf in Sturm, 1805 (Undesignated plates; “iconotypes’’).

9. Lacerta fragilis Palmstruch & Swartz, 1808 (Fig. 8)

The name Lacerta “fragilis” turns up only in the “Sys-

tematiskt Register” at the end of volume I of “Svensk Zo-

ologi”. There is a hint to no. 27 (bearing the caption :

“Gra Odla Lacerta agilis... “ in the first volume (part 5))

of this work. According to the main title page of « Sven-

sk Zoologi” this work was founded in 1806 by C. Quensel

and J.W. Palmstruch. After Quensel’s death in 1806 it was

continued by J.W. Palmstruch and O. Swartz as displayed

upon a new title page having been sent by the editor with

part six in 1808 (R. Wahlgren and B. Dal in litt. 2011).

According to the situation described above, this nam-

ing of “Lacerta fragilis” is therefore probably a lapsus. It

refers indeed to the authors’ “Lacerta agilis” (currently :

Zootoca vivipara) , then the collective species first de-

scribed by Linnaeus (1758; see also 1766 and Gmelin

1788: 1070; the latter reference being explicitely cited by

the authors). Concerning this Linnean collective species

“Lacerta agilis”, more details can be found under note 4

and 6.

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Synonymy and nomenclatural history of Zootoca vivipara (Lichtenstein, 1823) 223

10. Lacerta unicolor Kuhl, 1820

Origin and fate of the holotype are unknown. Wagler

(1830: 155) quoted it under the comment “Mannchen

adult. decolor.” in the list of his synonyms of Zootoca vi-

vipara. Cocteau (1835: 10) assumed that Wagler might

have examined this specimen since the original descrip-

tion was very enigmatic and highly insufficient (“a peu

pres énigmatique et au dessous de toute critique“). Kuhl’s

consideration beside the vacuous description is remark-

able: that the shape and size resemble entirely L. ptychodes

(see the following note 11). Subsequently Z. unicolor was

regardeded a dubious synonym of Zootoca respectively

Lacerta vivipara, cf. Mertens & Wermuth 1960). Accord-

ing to Hildenhagen (in litt. 2011) the acronym “Icon O.”

applied here and in some other of Kuhl’s species descrip-

tions, means probably that no figure was available (“Icon:

zero’) .

11. Lacerta ptychodes Kuhl, 1820 (,,mihi*) and Lacer-

ta ptychodes Merrem, 1820

It seems to be intriguing that in 1820 the same specimen

of unknown origin was documented with the same name

by two different authors independently from each other.

Indeed, Kuhl (1820: 121) mentioned an earlier contact

with Merrem because of this specimen, but both articles

reveal in each case that the original descriptions were au-

thored without any reference whatsoever. Both descrip-

tions are comparatively comprehensive, in which Kuhl ac-

centuated the colour pattern and Merrem the pholidosis

(Merrem : die” runzelige Eidechse” = “‘rugose lizard”’). In

both cases, Zootoca vivipara might have been hold very

well. In the later literature a lizard named Lacerta pty-

chodes did never appear again. (see also Hildenhagen

2010: 53 and Hildenhagen & Hallermann 2010: 61) .

12. Lacerta pyrrhogaster Merrem, 1820

Tschudi (1837: 27) apparently interpreted Merrem’s

species name “pyrrhogaster” as an adjective and therefore

adapted the ending to feminine gender (Zootoca

pyrrhogastra’). He interpreted Zootoca as a subgenus

comprising two species: Z. pyrrhogastra and ““Z. montana

nobis” (see note 16).

Tschudi’s footnote on page 30 reveals that the princi-

ples of priority and a common authoritative terminology

were not yet comprised in the then usual understanding

of nomenclature: ,,Zootoca pyrrhogastra schien mir der

passendste Name fiir diese Gattung des Wagler’schen

Genus Zootoca, da es die Farbung (= “feuerbauchig™,

Anm. d. Verf.) genau kennzeichnet. Zootoca vivipara ist

Unsinn, da beide Namen das Gleiche bedeuten*“ (translat-

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 214-228

ed: Zootoca pyrrhogastra seemed to be the most adequate

name for this genus (meant is species) of Wagler’s genus

Zootoca, because it characterizes exactly the coloration

(pyrrhogaster = “fire bellied”). Zootoca vivipara is non-

sense since both names are meaning the same”). See al-

so note 19.

13. Lacerta schreibersiana Milne Edwards, 1829

“Envoyés de Vienne... par M. Schreibers* (see Milne Ed-

wards 1829: pl. 5, fig. 5.): Carl Franz Anton Ritter von

Schreibers (1775-1852) was then director of the Vienna

,,Naturalienkabinette“. The specimens were ,,sent from Vi-

enna“ by him. This wording does not necessarily mean that

the specimens were also collected in or near Vienna. Ac-

cording to our present knowledge the viviparous lizard

does not occur today in the immediate vicinity of Vienna

but has few relict populations in the Viennese Basin (Ca-

bela et al. 2001).

13a Lacerta Schreibersiana var. a. fusca Gachet, 1832

(p. 238) and Lacerta Schreibersiana var. b. lutea Ga-

chet, 1832 (p. 239)

Fusca and /utea are nomina oblita, but surprisingly not

comprised in Dumeril & Bibron (1839), and apparently

for the last time mentioned by Lataste (1876 : p. 82 + foot-

note). Gachet’s fusca represents also a younger homonym

of Lacerta fusca Daudin 1802 (nomen substitutum pro

Seps terrestris Laurenti 1768 = Lacerta viridis viridis Lau-

renti). On the other hand /utea is an available name en-

dangering Zootoca vivipara louislantzi Arribas, 2009. The

description of /utea is very detailed but does not seem to

be absolutely certain in order to ascertain synonymy (Ar-

ribas in litt. 2010). Further investigations are necessary.

14. Lacerta chrysogastra Andrzejowski, 1832

“In vallibus circa Cremenecum® (Latin): “The valleys

around Cremenecum”. Cremenecum 1s today Cremeniec,

a city situated 100 km East of Lemberg (= Lwiw, Ukraine).

15. Lacerta dejacquin Cocteau, 1835

Cocteau’s quotation of de Jacquin’s article suggests an

original description with a new name but is rather a re-

placement name, at least with respect to Lacerta vivipa-

ra Lichtenstein, 1823 with the same type locality

““Schneeberg”’. From his point of view Jacquin’s publica-

tion in 1787 did not constitute a valid description of a new

species (so explicitely upon his page (6; not paginated).

©OZFMK

224 Josef Friedrich Schmidtler & Wolfgang Bohme

Fig. 9.

Lacerta guerin Cocteau, 1835. Excerpt from Meunier in Guérin (1836: pl. 303 above; partial copy of the original figure

in Cocteau). Left: pileus of L. guerin; right: for comparison the pileus of L .ocellata (currently Timon lepidus). — Note 16.

Cocteau classified both his new species, Lacerta de

Jacquin (to be quoted as “Lacerta dejaquin” according to

the Code) and Lacerta guérin (note 16) under the “genre

Zootoca’’, corresponding to a subgeneric allocation in its

present sense.

Lacerta dejaquin and Lacerta guérin (see note 16) were

cited in Duméril & Bibron’s comprehensive Erpétologie

générale under « Lacerta vivipara Jacquin »» only with re-

spect to their viviparity; but Cocteau’s nomenclatural and

systematical conclusions were completely omitted in this

reference. Subsequently the authority of the famous “Er-

pétologie Générale” assisted that the taxon “Lacerta vi-

vipara’ obtained general acknowledgement (cf. also note

4.3).

16. Lacerta guérin Cocteau, 1835 (Fig. 9)

The collection originates from Forét d’Eu (type locality),

situated in the French Département Seine-Maritime, Haute

Normandie. The general distribution of Lacerta guérin (to

be quoted as Lacerta guerin without accent; according to

the Code) is given as “Hab. In pratosis Europae centralis”

(= lives in meadows of Central Europe). Cocteau thought

it to be different from Lacerta dejacquin (Note 15).

17. Zootoca montana Tschudi, 1837

‘“Wahrscheinlich das seltenste schweizerische Reptil...

Gebirgsbewohnerin”. (= “Probably the rarest Swiss rep-

tile... inhabitant of mountains‘)

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 214-228

The caption on p. 31: “2. Species. Zootoca montana

nob.“ indicates an original description. However the word-

ing with his confusing terminology (,,Synonyma: Lacer-

ta montana, Mikan in Sturm’s Deutschlands Fauna...“; cf.

also note 11) urges rather the supposition that Tschudi did

not intend to describe a new species here beside Mikan’s

taxon (see also note 6 and Dumeéeril & Bibron 1839: 210,

footnote 1).

18. Zootoca alpina Tschudi, 1837

In his chapter on Zootoca montana (p. 33) Tschudi ad-

vances his opinion that Switzerland is inhabited by a third

species, ,namely a Zootoca alpina“. There is however

lacking any description so that it has to be regarded as a

»sNomen nudum“.

19. “Lacerta isidori Geoffr.” (sic!), Schinz, 1840

(Fig. 10)

This taxon being understood as a synonym of Lacerta pyr-

rhogastra (note 12) by Schinz (1840) was derived and

misspelled from Tschudi’s (1837: 31) : “Lacerta Isidore

Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire pull. ?” (sic !). It is among others

later on mentioned by Bedriaga (1886 : 330) under (La-

certa) “Isidori Geoffroy St. Hilaire” (sic!).

The origin of Tschudi’s taxon could not be verified.

Tschudi refers here apparently to the first name of Geof-

froy Saint-Hilaire (son : Isidore; father : Etienne), both ha-

ving worked together herpetologically in the “Déscription

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Synonymy and nomenclatural history of Zootoca vivipara (Lichtenstein, 1823) 225

MoLHbauchige Eidecfe. Lacerta pyrvhogastra.

Zootoca pyrrhogastra Wagler et Tschudy. Lacerta Vivipara

Jaquin. Lacerta crocea Sturm Fauna. Lacerta uni-

color Kuhl. Lacerta aedura Scheppert. Lacerta Isi-

Gcri Geoffr. Lacerta guerini cocteau.

Fig. 10. Synonymy list of Schinz (1840: 19) exhibiting some

negligent and extremely curious citations: On “Lacerta aedura

Scheppert’ see under note 5; on “Lacerta Isidori Geoffr.” see

under note 19.

de l’Egypte” (1827/1829). The misspelling of “Jsidore”

in italics may have pretended here a species description

by Tschudi.

See also under chapter 5 on a further extremely curi-

ous confusion by Schinz (1840: 19).

20. Lacerta vivipara var. pallida Fatio, 1872

Fatio (1872: 88) described here a pale colour variety which

came across to him in ,,our* (Swiss) Alps and in the Ju-

ra mountains.

21. Lacerta vivipara var. carniolica Werner, 1897 and

Zootoca vivipara carniolica Mayer, Bohme, Tiedemann

& Bischoff, 2000

According to Mayer et al. (2000) Lacerta vivipara vat.

carniolica Werner, 1987 is a “nomen nudum”. The simi-

lar origin and identical name of their new taxon were in-

tended like that by them. This egg-laying subspecies is

mainly distributed in the Southeastern Alps. A molecular

study carried out at a parapatric suture of oviparous

carniolica and live-bearing vivipara in Carinthia revealed

reduced gene flow between both which can be interpret-

ed as an incipient speciation event (Lindtke et al. 2010).

22. Lacerta (Zootoca) var. melanogastra Prazak, 1898

According to Litvinchuk & Borkin (2009: 227), earlier pa-

pers, viz. a catalogue of the vertebrates of Bohemia (1893)

with some additions (1894) by the same author do not full-

fill the requirements of formal taxonomic publications, so

that 1898 has to be considered as the valid publication date

of Prazak’s “variety names, among them also melanogas-

tra.

Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 214-228

23. Lacerta vivipara var. barabensis Kashchenko, 1902

This taxon, cited as a synonym by Nikolsky (1918: 317,

see also Kuzmin & Semjonov 2006), has been named and

described by Kashchenko (1902) on the basis of morpho-

metric comparisons which makes this name clearly avail-

able.

24. Lacerta vivipara var. Gedulyi Fejervary, 1923

This form which occurs in some isolates of the Great Hun-

garian Plain had been briefly dealt with by Geduly (1923)

who stressed the peculiarity of its occurrence — despite the

southern latitude - in lowland habitats. Fejervary (1923)

created this patronym despite his own statement that this

form is not sufficiently distinct (“/n case that future re-

search on more material will allow me to change my opin-

ion about this topic I would wish to name this form var.

Gedulyi, in honour of my friend Prof. Geduly who had dis-

covered it”: our translation). Because published before

1960 gedulyi 1s not unavailable because of its clearly con-

ditional erection, but, as a diagnosis is lacking and even,

as explicitly stated, is non-exisent, this name should be

also considered as a “nomen nudum”.

25. Lacerta vivipara sachalinensis Pereljeshin & Teren-

tjev, 1963

Described by its authors on the basis of morphometric

comparisons which were, however, at the same time iden-

tified as clinal variations, Kuzmin & Semjonov (2006)

considered sachalinensis as a “nyeprigodnoye nazvaniye”

(= a useless denomination) which is of course not a

“nomen nudum”. That’s why we regard this name as avail-

able.

26. Lacerta vivipara pannonica Lac & Kluch, 1968

Based on morphometric comparisons, this nominal sub-

species was originally described from the eastern Slova-

kian lowlands. Subsequently, the name pannonica was al-

so applied to much more westernly distributed popula-

tions, e.g. the Neusiedlersee (Lake Neusiedl) area and the

Viennese Basin (see Cabela et al. 2001 and references cit-

ed therein).

©ZFMK

226 Josef Friedrich Schmidtler & Wolfgang B6hme

27. Zootoca vivipara louislantzi Arribas, 2009

This recently described subspecies is restricted to the

Cantabro-Pyrenean axis, coming down to sea level at the

Biscayan coast, but is nonetheless isolated from the main

range of the species. See Note 13a on possible synonymy.

Acknowledgements. For help in literature research and other

useful advice the authors are indebted to Aaron Bauer (Villano-

va/PA), Oscar Arribas (Barcelona), Bj6rm Dal (Stockholm),

Thomas Hildenhagen (Rodenbach) and Richard Wahlgren

(Lund).

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Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (2): 229-231

December 2011

Remarks on the northeasternmost distribution of

Elgaria coerulea principis Baird & Girard, 1852 (Squamata: Anguidae)

in British Columbia

Markus Lambertz & Kerstin Graba

Institut fiir Zoologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn, Poppelsdorfer Schloss, D-53115 Bonn, Germany

* Corresponding author. E-mail: lambertz@uni-bonn.de

Abstract. Although the Northwestern Alligator Lizard (Squamata: Anguidae: Elgaria coerulea principis) is the most wide-

spread lizard in British Columbia (Canada), its northeasternmost population seems to have been overseen in recent years.

Based on own data and summarizing published and unpublished reports, we recognized this species from the city of Rev-

elstoke and its southern and northeastern adjacent areas.

Key words. Anguidae, Canada, Elgaria coerulea principis, geographic distribution, Northwestern Alligator Lizard,

Revelstoke.

Only four lizard species are known to occur in the Cana-

dian province of British Columbia (BC). These are the

three native ones, Phrynosoma douglassii (Bell, 1828)

(Phrynosomatidae), Plestiodon skiltonianus Baird & Gi-

rard, 1852 (Scincidae), and E/garia coerulea (Wiegmann,

1828) (Anguidae), as well as the invasive Podarcis mu-

ralis (Laurenti, 1768) (Lacertidae). Of these, E. coerulea

is by far the most common and widespread lizard found

in the province and is exclusively represented by its sub-

species E. c. principis Baird & Girard, 1852, the North-

western Alligator Lizard (Nussbaum et al. 1983; Matsu-

da et al. 2006). It can be distinguished from the other

species inhabiting BC by its slender brownish body with

rather inconspicuous dark markings and by a mid-lateral

band of small scales between the larger dorsal and ven-

tral scales (Matsuda et al. 2006). The diurnal alligator

lizard is relatively small (snout-vent length usually less

than 100 mm) and viviparous, life history traits common-

ly found in lizards at these latitudes in continental North

America (Vitt 1973; Powell & Russell 2007).

While E. c. principis is the most widespread subspecies

of E. coerulea and has its main distribution in BC and in

the northwestern United States (Idaho, Montana, Oregon

and Washington, extreme northern California), other sub-

species range southwards to central California and Nevada

(Smith 1946; Nussbaum et al. 1983). In BC, they are sup-

posed to inhabit a narrow belt in the southern part of the

province except for the very southeastern parts. Their

northernmost occurrence has been reported from the area

around Clearwater within central BC, and near Stuie in

coastal BC, while the southeasternmost records are from

Creston (Seburn & Brooks 2007).

On September 25, 2009 we observed a specimen of the

Northwestern Alligator Lizard within the city limits of

Revelstoke (Fig. 1). It was found in a backyard (400 Sec-

ond Street West, Revelstoke, British Columbia, VOE 2S0,

Received: 20.07.2011

Accepted: 28.08.2011

Canada), approximately at 51°0’0.68” N, 118°117°56.01”

W. The individual was observed, identified and pho-

tographed, but was not collected as no permit was avail-

able during the encounter.

According to the most recent comprehensive account of

this species (Matsuda et al. 2006), the closest known oc-

currences, in relation to our present record, are those

around Sicamous and Kaslo. These localities have already

been mentioned by Van Denburgh (1922) and are approx-

imately 60 km west and 130 km south of Revelstoke re-

spectively (Fig. 2). Similarly, the official online database

for BC reptiles (Anonymous 2011) gives an estimated

range of E. c. principis that more or less matches the ref-

erence points provided by Matsuda et al. (2006) (Fig. 2).

However, a much older account on the reptiles of the

Northwest Pacific by Nussbaum et al. (1983) reports E.

c. principis from around Revelstoke. Furthermore, an un-

published pamphlet distributed locally in that area (FM-

RG no year), indicates that E. coerulea is a year-round res-

ident known from Mount Revelstoke Park and Glacier Na-

tional Park. Both parks extend in total about 75 km fur-

ther northeast than the city of Revelstoke. In this regard

it may be worth mentioning that the FMRG list focuses

exclusively on the area within the national parks. Chry-

semys picta (Schneider, 1783) (Emydidae), for instance,

is listed with the remark that it is not actually known from

the parks themselves but is commonly only found along

the Columbia River near Revelstoke. Another recent, but

unfortunately again unpublished report by a local hydro-

electric utility mentions specimens of E. coerulea from the

eastern shore of the Arrow Lakes Reservoir which is lo-

cated a few km south of the city of Revelstoke (Hawkes

& Tuttle 2010).

As a consequence, the range of E. c. principis certain-

ly reaches several kilometer more northeasternwards than

it is currently assumed (Fig. 2). The fact that E. c. prin-

Corresponding editor: P. Wagner

230 Markus Lambertz & Kerstin Graba

Fig. 1. The specimen of Elgaria coerulea principis (alive, not collected) encountered in Revelstoke (British Columbia, Cana-

da) on September 25, 2009. Photograph: Kerstin Graba.

Fig. 2. Map of southern British Columbia (Canada) with known occurrences (black dots) of E/garia coerulea principis (see Mat-

suda et al. 2006) and a recent estimation of its range (gray area, see Anonymous 2011). Note that the records from Revelstoke (red

star, present report and from Nussbaum et al. 1983), those from Mount Revelstoke and Glacier National Parks (yellow area, FM-

RG no year) and also those from the Arrow Lakes Reservoir (white circles, Hawkes & Tuttle 2010) are all located east of the Co-

lumbia River. The therefore confirmed range extension is indicated by the brown area and our hypothesized possible range exten-

sion is indicated by the brown hatched area.

Distribution of the Northwestern Alligator Lizard in British Columbia 23]

cipis has been reported to be very sedentary, meaning that

even roads (Rutherford & Gregory 2003) and small rivers

(Stewart 1985) can act as effective barriers between pop-

ulations, may have further implications: Revelstoke, both

national parks and the localities where alligator lizards

were found along the Arrow Lakes Reservoir are located

on the eastern side of the Columbia River. The Columbia

River is the largest river flowing to the Pacific in North

America and in BC its main course flows almost in a

straight line from Revelstoke south towards the Unites

States (Stanford et al. 2010). Consequently, it probably

represents an insurmountable barrier for these lizards. A

possible scenario is that E. c. principis inhabits the areas

along the eastern streambank of the Columbia River which

are north of those near Kaslo, reaching at least Revelstoke

and the two mentioned national parks in the North (Fig.

2). Another interesting fact is that the Ilecillewaet River

(in a more or less parallel and neighboring manner with

the Trans-Canada Highway) flows from the northeast of

Glacier National Park southwest until it reaches Revel-

stoke and joins the Columbia River (Mussio & Mussio

2011). Most of the area of Glacier and Mount Revelstoke

National Parks, as well as the locality in Revelstoke in

which we found the alligator lizard, are north relative to

this potential [lecillewaet River barrier. The specimens

from the Arrow Lakes Reservoir, however, were found

south of it, making two distinct populations of the North-

western Alligator Lizard at its northeasternmost range pos-

sible. However, more sampling and, ideally, studies on

population genetics are urgently needed to test these lat-

ter hypotheses.

Acknowledgements. The “Fachgruppe Biologie” of the Rheinis-

che Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn provided financial sup-

port for the field trip to Western Canada. ML would like to cor-

dially thank Steven F. Perry, Lukas Schreiber and Thomas Breuer

(all from Bonn) for giving him the opportunity to become a co-

organizer of this field trip. Heiko Schmied (Bonn) is further

thanked for his comments on an earlier version of the manuscript.

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SMITHSONIAN IN

Contents HN 00

3 9088 099

Elzen, Renate van den:

Orbituary to Jurgen Haffer, Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig

Ahrens, Dirk:

A revision of the genus Archeohomaloplia Nikolajev, 1982 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Sericini)

Ahrens, Dirk & Silvia Fabrizi:

New species of Sericini from the Himalaya and adjacent mountains (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Yoshitomi, Hiroyuki & Nugroho Susetya Putra:

A new species of the genus Acontosceles (Coleoptera: Limnichidae: Thaumastodinae)

from Indonesia

Wagner, Thomas:

Description of Monoleptoides gen. nov. from the Afrotropical Region,

including the revision of nine species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)

Pugaev, Sergey N., Dieter StUning & Vadim V. Zolotuhin:

The preimaginal stages of Striphnopteryx edulis (Boisduval, 1847) (Lepidoptera: Eupterotidae)

Lambertz, Markus, Volker Spieth, Judith Denkinger & Walter Traunspurger:

On dragonfly nymphs (Insecta: Odonata: Anisoptera) from the caldera of the Cerro Azul volcano,

Isla Isabela (Galapagos Archipelago, Ecuador)

Lambertz, Markus & Heiko Schmied:

Records of the exotic damselfly Ischnura senegalensis (Rambur, 1842) from Bonn (Germany)

Schmidtler, Josef Friedrich & Wolfgang Bohme:

Synonymy and nomenclatural history of the Common or Viviparous Lizard,

by this time: Zootaca vivipara (Lichtenstein, 1823)

Lambertz, Markus & Kerstin Graba:

Remarks on the northeasternmost distribution of Elgaria coerulea principis Baird & Girard, 1852

(Squamata: Anguidae) in British Columbia

Ministerium fir Innovation,

Wissenschaft und Forschung

des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen

Cover illustration:

Serica pelelaensis Ahrens & Fabrizi

aR Bundesministerium

ES fiir Bildung WV

und Forschung Leibniz

Gemeinschaft

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