СВУРТОСАМЕ

Bryologie-Lichénologie

ANCIENNE REVUE BRYOLOGIQUE ET LICHENOLOGIQUE

Fondée ры T. Husnot en 1874

Directeur scientifique: Mme $. Jovet-Ast

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Pharmacie, B.P. 83, F-59006 Lille Cedex.

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COMITE DE LECTURE

Bryologie: J. Berthier (Clermont-Ferrand), J.L. De Sloover (Namur), P. Geissler (Geneve), S.R.

Gradstein (Utrecht), J.P. Hébrard (Marseille), S. Jovet-Ast (Paris), A. Lecointe (Caen), M.C. Noailles

(Paris), В. Ochyra (Kraków), С. Suire (Bordeaux).

Lichénologie: J. Asta (Grenoble), Т. Bernard (Rennes), В. Bodo (Paris), W.L. Culberson (Durham),

М.С. Janex-Favre (Paris), J. Lambinon (Liêge), M.A. Letrouit-Galinou (Paris), Cl. Roux (Marseille).

MANUSCRITS

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TARIFS DES ABONNEMENTS Tome 16, 1995

CRYPTOGAMIE comprend trois sections: Algologie, Bryologie-Lichénologie, Mycologie.

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CRYPTOGAMIE, Bryologie-Lichénologie est indexé par Biological Abstracts,

Current Contents, Index of Fungi et Bibliography of Systematic Mycology,

Publications bibliographiques du CNRS (Pascal).

Source : MNHN, Paris

H Oe

CRYPTOGAMIE

BRYOLOGIE LICHENOLOGIE

TOME 16 FASCICULE 2 1995

CONTENTS

M. CASTELLO. - The lichen genus Xanthoria in Antarctica. .....

P. NAVARRO-ROSINÉS et C. ROUX. - Caloplaca navasiana Мау.-Воз. et

Roux sp. nov., a new species of Lichen from the Mediterranean coast. (in

French)...

P. NAVARRO-ROSINÉS, С. ROUX у М. CASARES. - Lichenicolous fungi on

Squamarina 1: the identity of "Dydimella" crozalsiana (Ascomycetes).

(in Spanish) ..

T.L. BLOCKEEL. - Some bryophytes from southern Italy, including new records

of Tortula bolanderi and Aschisma carniolicum. .

M. SIM-SIM, C. SERGIO, В. MUES & L. KRAUT.- A new Frullania species

(Trachycolea) from Portugal and Macaronesia, Frullania azorica sp. nov.

1. GUERRA, В.М. ROS, M.J. CANO and M. CASARES. - Gypsiferous outcrops

in SE Spain, refuges of rare, vulnerable and endangered bryophytes and

lichens.. 7 Ge

FJ. SARRIÓN у A.R. BURGAZ. - Lignicolous communities of central Sierra

Morena (SW of Spain). (in Spanish) 1

M.J. CANO y P. GARCIA-ZAMORA. - Additions to the bryoflora of SE of

Spain. (in Spanish) е

LL. DE SLOOVER. - An unusual copy of the first memoir of "Tentamen

methodi muscorum" by Greville & Arnott. (in French) ......

Books review ...

105

111

137

145

151

153

Bibliothéque Centrale Muséum

33001 00227852 0

Source ` MNHN Paris

Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 1995, 16 (2): 79-87 79

THE LICHEN GENUS XANTHORIA

IN ANTARCTICA

Miris CASTELLO

Department of Biology, University of Trieste,

via Giorgieri 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy.

ABSTRACT - Three Xanthoria species occur in Antarctica: X. candelaria s.str., X. mawsonii and X.

elegans. The genus was treated by previous authors under different generic names: Blastenia,

Caloplaca, Candelariella, Kuttlingeria, Polycauliona and Xanthoria. Two new synonyms of X.

elegans are provided, while five previously proposed synonyms are confirmed by the examination of

type specimens. Altogether, eleven taxa described from Antarctica are synonyms of two widespread

Xanthoria species, X. candelaria s. str. and X. elegans. X. mawsonii, an endemic species, previously

considered by most authors as conspecific with X. candelaria, proved to be a distinct species,

differing from X. candelaria s. str. in morphology and in the longer spermatia, The three Xanthoria

species are keyed and discussed; a comprehensive list of synonyms is provided. X. elegans seems to

be widespread in all Antarctic regions, X. candelaria is reported from subantarctic and maritime

regions while X. mawsoni seems to be restricted to continental Antarctica.

INTRODUCTION

In the Lichen flora of the Antarctic regions (Dodge 1973) Teloschistaceae were

treated under two not validly published families, Blasteniaceae Dodge & Baker (1938)

and Xanthoriaceae Dodge (1971), altogether comprising ten genera. Many of the

genera adopted by Dodge & Baker (1938) and Dodge (1973) are not accepted by most

of the modern authors (Almborn 1963, Kürnefelt 1989): Blastenia (Massal.) Trevis. and

Gasparrinia Tornab. are included in Caloplaca; Polycauliona Hue comprises

subfruticose species belonging to different taxa (Poelt & Pelleter 1984); Huea Dodge &

Baker includes species with a carbonaceous excipulum and an unpigmentated thallus,

showing strong affinities with Caloplaca sect. Pyrenodesmia; Kuttlingeria Trevis.

includes species with effigurate thalli and a well-developed lower cortex and according

to the description of Dodge & Baker (1938) presumably corresponds to different forms

of Xanthoria elegans (Karnefelt 1989); Mawsonia Dodge probably includes lichens not

belonging to Teloschistaceae (Poelt & Hafellner 1980, Kárnefelt 1989); Lethariopsis

Zahlbr. corresponds to a Caloplaca growing on Neuropogon (Lamb 1948).

Although Teloschistaceae represent a natural taxon, the delimitation among

genera is not always clear (Almborn 1963, Poelt & Hafellner 1980, Karnefelt 1989);

within this family the genus Xanthoria is characterized by a foliose thallus and a

paraplectenchymatous cortex of anticlinal hyphae. Xanthoria species were treated by

Source : MNHN, Paris

80 М. CASTELLO

Dodge (1973) under five different generic names, Caloplaca, Gasparrinia,

Kuttlingeria, Xanthoria and Polycauliona (Filson 1984), mainly distinguished by

external morphological features, and included in the Blasteniaceae or in the

Xanthoriaceae,

According to the most recent literature, two species of Xanthoria occur with

certainty in Antarctica, X. candelaria s. lat. and X. elegans; both of them are highly

variable taxa.

The Antarctic material belonging to X. candelaria s.lat. is very polymorphic

(Jørgensen 1986): the relations between the two sorediate taxa described from

Antarctica, X. candelaria f. antarctica Hillm. and X. mawsonii Dodge, were never

completely clarified. According to Poelt & Petutschnig (1992) X. candelaria f.

antarctica Hillm. falls in the variation range of X. candelaria s. str. Many authors

(Filson 1975, Lindsay 1972, Gvstedal 1983) regarded X. mawsonii as a synonym of X.

candelaria. According to Poelt & Petutschnig (1992), however, two different forms of

the X. candelaria group occur in Antarctica: one agrees with X. candelaria s. str. while

the other could correspond to X. mawsonii.

The high variability of X. elegans induced many authors to describe different

morphotypes as new species or genera: according to Filson (1982, 1984), four species

belonging to Gasparrinia and Polycauliona, all endemic to Antarctica, are synonyms of

X. elegans.

This paper is a contribution to the knowledge of the genus Xanthoria in

Antarctica, based on the revision of the types of several species described from

Antarctica, and on the examination of large collections from different areas of Antarctic

and subantarctic regions.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This paper is based on the revision of type material and specimens of several

species cited by Dodge (1973), from FH, PC, TUR, WELT, and on collections from

TSB, GZU, KIEL-HA, $.

Anatomical characters were studied by light microscopy on hand-cut sections,

mounted in deionized water or dilute KOH solution; all measurements were made in

water mounts.

The descriptions of species are based on analysis of the Antarctic material.

KEY TO THE SPECIES

1 Thallus without soredia, blastidia or isidia, placodiomorph, consisting of radiating,

more or less contiguous or imbricate lobes; lobes irregularly branched, up to 1 mm

wide, convex, attached to the substratum by short white hapters. Xanthoria elegans

1 Thallus with soredia and blastidia..... 2

2 Thallus yellow or yellow-orange, foliose or subfruticose, consisting of ascending

lobes, up to 5 mm tall and 0.5-1.5 mm wide, more or less crowded in pulvinate clusters

Source - MNHN, Paris

XANTHORIA IN ANTARCTICA 81

up to 2 см diam.; lobes irregularly subdivided in elongated and thin lobules; blastidia

present along the margins and on the lower surface; apothecia and spermogonia

frequent; spermatia broadly ellipsoid, 2-2.5 x 1-1.5 um. X. candelaria

2 Thallus orange or reddish, foliose to subfruticose, rosette-shaped; lobes plane or

convex, horizontal to ascending, 2-5 mm tall and 1-3 mm wide, often with a whitish

pruina; terminal parts of the lobes broader, scarcely and irregularly incised; blastidia

present on the apical and marginal parts of the lobes, on the lower surface, often

forming labriform "soralia"; spermogonia rare; spermatia ellipsoid, 3-4.5 x 0.8-1.2 um.

Х. mawsonii

THE SPECIES

Xanthoria elegans (Link) Th. Fr.

Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal., ser. 3, 3: 69 (1861). Bas.: Lichen elegans Link, Ann. Naturges. 1:

37 (1791).

Kuttlingeria rufa Dodge & Baker, Ann. Missouri. Bot. Gard. 25: 615 (1938); type: Marie Byrd

Land, Mt. Woodward, 77°17'S 145*45'W, Р.А. Siple, F.A. Wade, S. Corey & О.Р. Stancliff DW-4

(not seen); fide Kárnefelt 1989: 151, 197.

Kuttlingeria rutilans Dodge & Baker, Ann. Missouri. Bot. Gard. 25: 616 (1938); type: Marie

Byrd Land, Skua Gull Peak, 76°49'S 145*29'W, РА. Siple & S. Corey 72W-9 (not seen); fide

Kamefelt 1989: 151, 197.

Polycauliona pulvinata Dodge & Baker, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 25: 628 (1938); type: Marie

Byrd Land, Edsel Ford Range, Mt. Rea-Cooper, 77°07'S 145°30'W, on coarse-grained leucogranite,

P. Siple, F.A. Wade, S. Corey & O.D. Stancliff R-3 (FH-Dodge! holotype); - Caloplaca elegans var.

pulvinata (Dodge & Baker) Murray, Trans. Roy. Soc. New Zealand 2; 64 (1963); fide Filson 1984:

311.

Polycauliona sparsa Dodge & Baker, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard, 25: 629 (1938); type: Marie

Byrd Land, Skua Gull Peak, 765315 145º30'W, P. Siple de S. Corey 72W-5 (not seen); - Caloplaca

sparsa (Dodge & Baker) Murray, Trans, Roy. Soc. New Zealand 2: 65 (1963); fide Filson 1984: 311.

Polycauliona johnstonii Dodge, BANZ. Antarct. Res. Exped, Вер. B, 7: 239 (1948); type:

MacRobertson Coast, Cape Bruce, 67°26'S 60°49'E, rocks near shore, BA.NZA.R.E. 108-28 (FH-

Dodge! holotype); fide Filson 1984; 311.

Caloplaca sparsa var. latespora (Dodge & Baker) Murray, Trans. Roy. Soc. New Zealand 2: 65

(1963); type: Victoria Land, Football Mountain, 2700 ft, on rock, Croll & Fitzgerald, WELT 127 (not

seen); fide Filson 1984: 311.

Candelariella rudolphi Dodge, Trans. Amer. Microscop. Soc. 84: 520 (1965); type: [Victoria

Land] Ross Island, Cape Crozier, 77°29'S 169°34'E, Pat's Peak, on black lava, E.D. Rudolph 64023

(FH-Dodge! holotype); fide Castello & Nimis 1994b: 9.

New synonyms:

Gasparrinia siplei Dodge & Baker, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 25: 624 (1938); type: Marie Byrd

Land, Skua Gull Peak, 76°50'S 145°30'W, on dark greenish gray slate, orthoclase-sericite schist, fine-

grained dike, 1934, Р.А. Siple, РА. Wade, S. Corey & O.D. Stancliff 72W-6/7 (FH-Dodge! holotype);

- Xanthoria siplei (Dodge & Baker) Dodge, Lich. Fl. Antarct. Cont. Isl.: 274 (1973).

Blastenia sparsa Murray, Trans. Roy. Soc. New Zealand 2: 63 (1963); type: Victoria Land, Cape

Hallett, Tombstone Hill, Hallett Base, 3200'ft, Fitzgerald & Croll (WELT 143! holotype).

Source : MNHN, Paris

82 М. CASTELLO

Thallus crustose to subfoliose, effigurate, orange to reddish, K + red, consisting

of radiating, more or less contiguous or overlapping lobes, 0.5-1 mm wide; lobes

irregularly branched, up to 1 mm wide, convex, attached to the substratum by short

white hapters. Upper cortex 20-30 um tall, paraplectenchymatous, with an outer layer

encrusted with brown-yellowish granules; medulla consisting of loosely interwoven

hyphae, 5 um diam., with a thick wall; lower cortex more or less developed, similar to

the upper cortex. Apothecia sessile to slightly stalked, concolorous with the thallus,

0.5-2.5 um diam., often crowded; disc plane and margin persistent, concolorous with

the thallus. Epithecium brown-yellowish, granular; hymenium hyaline, 50-80 um tall;

hypothecium hyaline, 20-30 um tall. Paraphyses septate, branched, 2 um diam., apices

4-5 um diam., incrusted with brownish granules. Asci clavate, 50-65 x 12-15 um, 8-

spored. Spores polardiblastic, colourless, ellipsoid, (9-)10-13 x (5-)6-7 um, septum 3-4

jm. Spermogonia immersed in red warts on the upperside of the thallus; spermatia

ellipsoid, 3.2-4 x 1.2-1.5 um.

Discussion. - X. elegans is a widespread and highly polymorphic species with a

broad ecological amplitude; the variability mainly affects thallus development and

colour, growth form and frequency of apothecia (Thompson 1984, Clauzade & Roux

1985, Poelt & Petutschnig 1992). According to Hill & Woolhouse (1966) and Fahselt &

Krol (1989) the variability is purely due to environmental factors, such as light

intensity and water and nutrient supply, as no substantial biochemical difference was

found among different morphotypes.

Many authors who worked on Antarctic material considered morphotypes of X.

elegans as different species, even placed in different genera, such as Gasparrinia,

Kuttlingeria, Xanthoria and Polycauliona. These genera mainly differ in morphological

traits which are quite unrelevant taxonomically (Filson 1982, 1984).

Five previously proposed synonyms of X. elegans were confirmed by

investigations of types or material from Dodge's herbarium. The conspecificity of X.

elegans and Polycauliona johnstonii, P. pulvinata and P. sparsa was proposed by

Filson (1984) without the examination of types. We have analyzed the types of P.

johnstonii and P. pulvinata: they consist of thalli with well-developed imbricate lobes,

which are more or less ascending and branched; the characters of thalli, apothecia and

spores agree with X. elegans: P. johnstonii and P. pulvinata must be considered as

morphotypes of this species. The type material of P. sparsa was not available, but the

specimen R.G. Frazier & F.A. Wade 317b from Dodge's herbarium agrees in all

characters with X. elegans: it consists of small orange thalli with narrow lobes,

appressed to the substratum.

Kärnefelt (1989) maintened that, according to the description of Dodge $: Baker

(1938), Kuttlingeria rufa and К. rutilans are conspecific with X. elegans, but he did not

examine the types; types of these species were not available, but all specimens of K.

rufa and K. rutilans from Dodge's herbarium investigated by us belong to X. elegans.

Two new synonyms of X. elegans are proposed: the type of Gasparrinia siplei

consists of foliose thalli, with appressed lobes up to 1 mm wide, while the type of

Blastenia sparsa consists of very small, badly developed, crustose orange thalli, that

Source : MNHN, Paris

XANTHORIA IN ANTARCTICA 83

show in some parts a whitish lower cortex. The anatomical characters of the thallus, the

apothecia and spores of both specimens agree with those of X. elegans.

The synonymy of X. elegans and Polycauliona citrina and Gasparrinia

harrisonii, proposed by Filson (1984), cannot be mantained any more: examination of

type material demonstrated that P. citrina is conspecific with Pleopsidium

chlorophanum (Wahlenb.) Zopf (Castello & Nimis 1994a), while all specimens of С.

harrissonii in Dodge's herbarium belong to Caloplaca saxicola (Hoffm.) Nordin

(Sechting, in litt.).

X. elegans could be confused with Caloplaca lucens (Nyl.) Zahlbr., known from

maritime and subantarctic regions (Sgchting & Dvstedal 1992).

Distribution. - A cosmopolitan species. X. elegans is widespread in continental,

maritime and subantarctic regions.

Specimens examined: Marie Byrd Land: Skua Gull Peak, 76°50'$ 145°30'W, 1934, Р.А.

Siple, F.A. Wade, S. Corey & O.D. Stancliff 72W-9 (FH-Dodge), as С. siplei; Edsel Ford Range, J.E.

Perkins 146 (B46) (FH-Dodge), as К. rufa; Mt. Woodward, P. Siple, F.A. Wade, 5. Corey & O.D.

Stancliff DW-2 (FH-Dodge), as К. rutilans; Edsel Ford Mts, ЛЕ. Perkins 142 (FH-Dodge), as К.

rutilans - King Edward VII Land: Rockefeller Mountains, Mt. Patterson, 18 Dec. 1940, R.G.

Fitzsimmons 280 (FH-Dodge), as С. siplei; Rockefeller Mountains, Mt. Patterson, 25 Dec. 1940, К.С.

Fitzsimmons 325 (FH-Dodge), as G. siplei; Rockefeller Mountains, Mt. Nielson, Dec. 15 1940,

R.G.Frazier & F.A. Wade 317b (FH-Dodge), as P. sparsa - Victoria Land: Terra Nova Bay, Reeves

Glacier, Teall Nunatak, P. Modenesi (TSB A401); Terra Nova Bay, Reeves Glacier, Tarn Flat, 5.

Sedmak (TSB A180, A188, A299); Wood Bay, Kay Island, С. del Frate (TSB A115); Hallett

Peninsula, E.D. Rudolph 61050 (FH-Dodge), as К. rufa; Mt. Suess, Gondola Ridge, J. Mulligan 9, 10

(FH-Dodge), аз К. rufa; Cape Hallett Station, G.A. Llano 2729 (FH-Dodge), as К. rutilans; Ross

Island, Hut Point Peninsula, ca 77º51'S 166°35'E, 26 Jan. 1956, CR. Lewis HP-12, HP-14 (FH-

Dodge), as P. pulvinata; Ross Island, Cape Crozier, 77°29'S 169*34'E, Dec. 9, 1959, О. Holm-

Hansen 12-1, 12-2 (FH-Dodge), as P. pulvinata; Ross Island, Cape Crozier, 77°29'S 169°34'E, 25

Jan. 1962, E.D. Rudolph 62017 (FH-Dodge), as P. pulvinata - Wilkes Land: Knox Coast, E.A.

Midgley 80 (FH-Dodge), as К. rutilans - Mae Robertson Land: Mawson, lichen type В, К.О.

Summers (FH-Dodge), as P. johnstonii - Prince Olav Coast: Showa, 69°00'S 39°35'E, Japanese

Antarctic Exp., 1957-8, 32a (FH-Dodge), as P. johnstonii - Princess Ragnhild Coast: Vengen Spur,

72º04'S 23°40'E, 1966, T. van Autenboer 5 (FH-Dodge), as P. johnstonii.

Xanthoria candelaria (L.) Th. Fr.

Genera Heterolich. Eur. Recogn.: 61 (1861). Bas.: Lichen candelarius L., Sp. PL: 1141 (1753).

Xanthoria lychnea f. antarctica Vainio, Exped. Antarct. Belge Rés. Voy. S.Y. Belgica Bot.: 22

(1903); type: Exped. Antarc. Belge 167, Détroit de Gerlache, sur les roches humides, Cap van

Beneden, Terre de Danco, 67º41'S (11° débarquement) 1898 (TUR Hb. Vainio 07022! holotype); -

Xanthoria candelaria f. antarctica (Vainio) Hillmann, Hedwigia 63: 202 (1922); - Xanthoria

antarctica (Vainio) Dodge & Baker, Ann. Missouri. Bot. Gard. 25: 624 (1938); - Polycauliona

antarctica (Vainio) Dodge, Lich. Fl. Antarct. Cont. Isl.: 276 (1973); fide Poelt & Petutschnig 1992:

19.

Polycauliona coralligera Hue, ler Exped. Antarct, Franç. Lich.: 10 (1908); type: Booth Island,

65%055 64°00'W, 1. Gain 277, 299 (PC! holotype); - Caloplaca coralligera (Hue) Zahlbruckner,

Cat. Lich. Univ. 7: 274 (1931); - Thamnoma coralligera (Hue) Gyeln., Acta Fauna Fl. Universali.,

Ser. 2, Bor. 1 (5-6): 9 (1933); fide Lamb 1948: 250.

Source : MNHN, Paris

84 M. CASTELLO

Thallus yellow or yellow-orange, К + red, foliose or subfruticose, irregular to

rosette-shaped, consisting of ascending lobes, up to 5 mm tall and 0.5-1.5 mm wide,

more or less crowded in pulvinate clusters up to 2 cm diam.; lobes irregularly

subdivided in elongated and thin lobules; blastidia present along the margins and on the

lower surface; underside white, with thin veins and rare whitish hapters. Upper cortex

paraplectenchymatous, consisting of more or less isodiametric "cells", 6-7 um diam.,

20-30 um tall, outer layer with yellow brown granules; medulla consisting of loosely

interwoven hyphae, 3-4 um diam. with a thick wall; lower cortex similar to the upper

cortex. Apothecia sessile or substipitate, up to 2 um diam.; margin concolorous with

the thallus, disc plane, darker than the thallus. Epithecium brown-yellowish, granular;

hymenium and hypothecium hyaline. Paraphyses simple or branched, 2 um diam., with

swollen apices, 4-5 um diam., incrusted with brownish granules. Asci clavate, 45-50 x

10-12 um, 8-spored. Spores polarbilocular, colourless, ellipsoid, 11-13 x (5-)6-7(-8)

mm; septum 4-5 um. Spermogonia immersed in small orange or reddish warts on the

upperside of the thallus; spermatia large ellipsoid, 2-2.5 x 1-1.5 um.

Discussion. - The X. candelaria group in Eurasia was recently revised by Poelt

& Petutschnig (1992) and includes five species. X. candelaria differs from other

European sorediate Xanthoria species in the broadly ellipsoid spermatia, 2.3-3 x 1-1.3

um, while the other species have longer spermatia, up to 4-4.2 um long. Specimens of

the X. candelaria complex from King George Island, South Shetland Island (KIEL-

HA), revised and cited by Poelt & Petutschnig (1992), and from Tierra del Fuego,

Argentina (TSB), agree in all characters with X. candelaria s. str.

The types of X. candelaria f. antarctica and Polycauliona coralligera were

investigated: although the specimens are sterile and do not bear well-developed

spermogonia, they fall in the variation range of X. candelaria s. str., as previously

stated by Lamb (1948) and Poelt & Petutschnig (1992).

All specimens from Victoria Land and other areas of continental Antarctica

investigated by us differ from X. candelaria s. str. in morphological and anatomical

characters: we regard them as belonging to X. mawsonii. It is likely that X. candelaria,

at present only known for the maritime Antarctic, is replaced by X. mawsonii in

continental regions.

Distribution. - The name X. candelaria was so far used to indicate a complex

of different species (Poelt & Petutschnig 1992). X. candelaria s. str. is known with

certainty from Europe, the Himalayan region and the maritime Antarctic (Poelt &

Petutschnig 1992). Our reports extend its distribution to the southernmost part of South

America.

Specimens examined: Argentina: Tierra del Fuego, Parque Nacional, Bahia Ensenada, P. L.

Nimis (TSB 10689); Tierra del Fuego, Parque Nacional, Archipelago de los Cormoranes, P. 1, Nimis

(TSB 10377); Tierra del Fuego, road to Estancia Haberton, West coast, P. 1. Nimis (TSB 10705) -

South Shetland Islands: King George Island, Filder Peninsula, L. Kappen (KIEL-HA A601, A602).

Xanthoria mawsonii Dodge

BANZ. Antarct. Res. Exped. Rep. В, 7: 236 (1948); type: George V Land, Cape Denison, 67°00'S,

142º36E, Winter Quarters, A A E 38 (FH-Dodge! holotype).

Source : MNHN, Paris

XANTHORIA IN ANTARCTICA 85

Fig.1 - Xanthoria mawsonii (TSB A397). Scale 1 mm.

Thallus (Fig. 1) orange or reddish, rosette-shaped, up to 1-1.5 cm diam., often

confluent with other thalli, K+ red; lobes plane or convex, horizontal to ascending, 2-5

mm tall and 1-3 mm wide, often with a whitish pruina; terminal parts of the lobes wide,

scarcely to irregularly incised; blastidia yellow or orange yellow, present on the apical

and marginal parts of the lobes, on the lower surface, often forming labriform "soralia";

underside yellowish to orange-yellowish, with thin veins and sparse whitish hapters.

Upperside paraplectenchymatous, 30-40 um tall, consisting of isodiametric "cells", 6-7

um diam., upper layer with brown yellowish granules; medulla consisting of loosely

interwoven hyphae, 4-5 mm diam., with a thick wall; lower cortex 30-40 um tall,

similar to the upper cortex. Apothecia: not seen. Spermogonia rare, immersed in

small orange or reddish warts on the upperside of the thallus; spermatia ellipsoid, 3-4.5

x 0.8-1.2 pm.

Discussion. - Many authors (Filson 1975, Lindsay 1972, @vstedal 1983,

Jørgensen 1986) consider X. mawsonii as a simple modification of X. candelaria, but

this hypothesis was never confirmed by the examination of the type material of X.

mawsonii. The conspecificity between these two species cannot be accepted any more

after the revision of the X. candelaria group by Poelt & Petutschnig (1992): according

to the description, X. mawsonii should have ellipsoid spermatia, 4 x 0.3 um, which are

very different from those of X. candelaria s. str. According to Poelt & Petutschnig

(1992), two forms belonging to the X. candelaria group occur in Antarctica: one form,

with well-developed apothecia and spermogonia and short spermatia, agrees in all

characters with X. candelaria s. str., while the other could correspond to X. mawsonii;

Source : MNHN, Paris

86 М. CASTELLO

these authors, however, were not able to study material with mature apothecia and

spermogonia of the latter form, nor the type material of X. mawsonii.

The type of X. mawsonii was investigated by us: it consists of several sterile,

well-developed orange thalli, with ascending lobes, up to 5 mm long and 0.5-3 mm

wide; the edges of the lobes are weakly to deeply incised. Few lobes have red points on

the upperside, but no mature spermogonia were found; the characters of spermogonia

and spermatia reported in the original description were based on a specimen collected

in Victoria Land, Cape Hallett. We were not able to examine this specimen.

Several specimens collected from different areas of continental Antarctica have

mature spermogonia with ellipsoid spermatia; these specimens differ from X.

candelaria s. str. both in external morphology and anatomical characters, having

spermatia measuring 3-4.5 x 0.8-1.2 um: this marerial agrees in all essential characters

with X. mawsonii.

Compared with X. candelaria, the thalli of X. mawsonii are more reddish in

colour, the lobes are smaller and wider, and are often whitish-pruinose and less incised;

the lobes are ascending and curving upward, often forming lip-shaped or labriform

"soralia". Specimens with intermediate morphological features can be found, and it is

sometimes difficult to distinguish X. candelaria and X. mawsonii because of the rarity

of spermogonia in the latter species, spermatia being the most reliable character for

separating the two taxa. The type material of X. mawsonii itself is an intermediate form,

and is not much representative of the species.

As far known, X. mawsonii seems to be restricted to continental Antarctica:

specimens collected in the maritime Antarctic should be carefully studied, as in this

region the species could occur together with X. candelaria.

X. mawsonii seems to be closely related with X. borealis В. Santesson & Poelt,

an ornitocoprophilous species known from arctic and subarctic regions (Poelt &

Petutschnig 1992). The two species differ only in minor morphological features, X.

borealis having more convex and recurved lobes; however, it seems wiser to keep the

two species separated, at least until fertile material of X. mawsonii can be examined.

Distribution. - This species was often treated as X. candelaria. As far known,

X. mawsonii is common in Victoria Land, Wilkes Land and Dronning Maud Land

(Antarctic Continent). It is likely that X. mawsonii is a widespread circum-antarctic

species, replacing X. candelaria s. str. in continental Antarctica.

Specimens examined: Victoria Land: Coulman Island, Cape King, 5. Sedmak (TSB A262,

A414); Terra Nova Bay, Northern Foothills, Terra Nova Bay Station, P. Modenesi (TSB A396);

Wood Bay, Kay Island, P. Modenesi (TSB A398, A458); Wood Bay, Mt. Melbourne, Edmonson

Point, P. Modenesi (TSB A397); Relief Inlet, Prior Island, 5. Sedmak (TSB A273); Birthday Ridge, L.

Kappen (KIEL-HA A207) - Wilkes Land: Knox Coast, Mitchell Island, 66*20'S 110°30'E, 20 Jan.

1958, G.A. Llano 2964 (FH-Dodge) Clarke Peninsula, 1. Kappen (KIEL-HA A1491, A1498);

Bunger Hills, 66°18'S 100°45'E, M. Andreev (GZU 42-93) - Mac Robertson Land: Mawson Rock,

East Вау, А. Filson 14993, Lich. Antarct. Exsiccati I, nº 24 (BM) - Dronning Maud Land:

Heimefrontfjella, Sivorgfjella, 74°33'S 11*15'W, G. Thor 10543, 10547 (S).

Source : MNHN, Paris

XANTHORIA IN ANTARCTICA 87

AKNOWLEDGEMENTS - The author thanks the curators of FH, KIEL-HA, PC, S, TUR,

WELT, Dr. L. Kappen (Kiel) and Dr. G. Thor (Stockholm) for loan of the material and Dr. U.

Sochting (Copenhagen) for the identification of some specimens. Particular thanks to Prof. J. Poelt

(Graz), Prof. P. L. Nimis (Trieste) and Dr. С. Thor for precious discussions and critical revision of the

manuscript. This study and Antarctic field work were supported by the Italian National Programme

for Antarctic Research (PNRA).

REFERENCES

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CASTELLO М. & NIMIS P.L, 1994b - Critical notes on the genus Candelariella (Lichenes) in

Antarctica. Acta Bot. Fenn. 150: 5-10.

CLAUZADE С. & ROUX C., 1985 - Likenoj de Okcidenta Europo. Ilustrita Determinlibro. Royan:

Société botanique du Centre-Ouest, 893 pp.

DODGE C.W. & BAKER СЕ. 1938 - The second Byrd Antarctic Expedition - Botany, II. Lichens

and lichen parasites. Ann. Missouri Bor. Gard. 25: 515-718.

DODGE C.W., 1971 - Some lichens of tropical Africa. 5, Lecanoraceae to Physciaceae. Beih. Nova

Hedwigia 38: 1-225.

DODGE C.W., 1973 - Lichen flora of the Antarctic Continent and adjacent islands. Canaan, New

Hampshire. Phoenix Publishing, 399 pp.

FAHSELT D. & KROL M., 1989 - Biochemical comparison of two ecologically distinctive forms of

Xanthoria elegans in the Canadian High Arctic. Lichenologist 21: 135-145.

FILSON R.B., 1975 - Studies in Antarctic Lichens V: Lichenes Antarctici Exsiccati, Fascicle I, with

additional notes on the taxonomy of each species. Muelleria 3 (2): 146-158.

FILSON R.B., 1982 - Lichens of continental Antarctica, J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 53: 357-360.

FILSON R.B., 1984 - Xanthoria elegans and its synonyms in Antarctica. Lichenologist 16: 311-312.

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Lichenologist 3: 207-214.

JORGENSEN РМ. 1986 - Macrolichens of Bouvetøya. Norsk Polarinst, Skr. 185: 23-34.

KARNEFELT I., 1989 - Morphology and phylogeny in the Teloschistales. Cryptog. Bot. 1: 147-203.

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251.

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1-21.

OVSTEDAL D.O., 1983 - Some lichens from H.U. Sverdrup Mountains, Dronning Maud Land,

Antarctis. Nova Hedwigia 37: 683-690.

POELT J. & HAFELLNER J., 1980 - Apatoplaca - genus novum Teloschistacearum (Lichenes). Mitt.

Bot. Staatssamml. München 16: 503-528.

POELT J. & PELLETER U., 1984 - Zwergstrauchige Arten der Flechtengattung Caloplaca. PL Syst

Evol. 148: 51-88.

POELT J. & PETUTSCHNIG W., 1992 - Beitráge zur Kenntnis der Flechtenflora des Himalaya IV.

Die Gattungen Xanthoria und Teloschistes zugleich Versuch einer Revision der Xanthoria

candelaria-Gruppe. Nova Hedwigia 54: 1-36.

SOCHTING U. & OVSTEDAL O., 1992 - Contributions to the Caloplaca flora of western Antarctic

region. Nord. J. Bot. 12: 121-134.

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Source : ММНМ. Paris

Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 1995, 16 (2): 89-97 89

CALOPLACA NAVASIANA NAV.-ROS. ET ROUX SP. №

ESPECE NOUVELLE DE LICHEN DU LITTORA

MEDITERRANEEN

P. NAVARRO-ROSINÉS et C. ROUX’

' Departament de Biologia vegetal (Botánica), Facultat de Biologia,

Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, ES -08028 Barcelona, Espagne.

CNRS, ОВА. 1152, Institut méditerranéen d'écologie

et de paléoécologie Faculté des sciences et techniques de Saint-Jérôme,

Е. 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France.

RESUME - Description de Caloplaca navasiana Nav.-Ros. et Roux sp. nov., lichen saxicole-calcicole

du littoral méditerranéen. Par sa morphologie externe, il rappelle les formes à thalle réduit de C. velana

(Massal) Du Rietz, mais en diffère nettement par son thalle presque toujours dépourvu

d'anthraquinones, généralement blanchâtre, par ses spores nettement plus allongées et par son

écologie. Par ses spores, il se rapproche davantage de C. saxicola (Hoffm.) Nordin, mais s'en distingue

aisément par son thalle endo- ou hémiendolithique, presque toujours dépourvu d'anthraquinones,

jamais lobé, et par son écologie.

RESUMEN - Descripción de Caloplaca navasiana Nav.-Ros. et Roux sp. nov., un liquen saxícolo-

calcícola del litoral mediterraneo. Por su morfologia externa recuerda las formas de talo reducido de C.

velana (Massal.) Du Rietz, pero se diferencia de esta última por su talo casi siempre desprovisto de

antraquinonas, blanquecino, por sus esporas marcadamente más alargadas, con el engrosamiento

ecuatorial más largo, y por su ecología. Por sus esporas, se aproxima más a C. saxicola (Hoffm.)

Nordin, pero de ésta difiere claramente por presentar el talo endo- o hemiendolítico, casi siempre sin

antraquinonas, nunca lobulado, y por su ecología.

RESUMO - Priskribo de Caloplaca navasiana Nav.-Ros. et Roux sp. nov., petrologa kalkeja likeno

de la mediteranea marbordo. Pro ekstera morfologio, gi memorigas la maldiktalajn formojn de С.

velana (Massal.) Du Rietz, sed diferencas de tiu ci pro talo preskau ciam senantrakinona, generale

blanketa, pro sporoj notinde pli longformaj kaj ekologio. Pro sporoj, gi pli afinas al C. saxicola

(Hoffm.) Nordin, sed facile distingeblas de tiu gi pro talo en- au duon-enpetra, preskau ciam

senantrakinona, neniam loba, kaj ekologio.

INTRODUCTION

Lors de recherches sur la flore et la végétation lichéniques du littoral calcaire

atlantique méridional et méditerranéen, du Portugal à Chypre (Houmeau et Roux 1984,

Navarro-Rosinés et Roux 1992, 1993 et 1994, Roux et Navarro-Rosinés 1992), nous

avons montré que le genre Caloplaca joue un grand róle dans les peuplements lichéni-

ques adlittoraux et décrit quatre espèces nouvelles (C. aquensis Houmeau et Roux, C.

Source : MNHN, Paris

90 Р. NAVARRO-ROSINES et С. ROUX

egeana Roux et Nav.-Ros., C. tavaresiana Nav.-Ros. et Roux et C. veneris Roux et Nav.-

Ros. Dans ces peuplements adlittoraux, on rencontre fréquemment une cinquieme

езрёсе de Caloplaca, que nous avons désignée dans ces publications sous le nom provi-

soire de C. navasiana.

N'ayant pas pu trouver trace de cette espêce dans la littérature lichénologique, en

particulier dans les flores de Clauzade et Roux (1985, 1987, 1989) et de Poelt (1969),

nous la décrivons ci-aprés comme nouvelle et la dédions à Longi Navas, naturaliste

(1858-1939) catalan, qui fut le premier à étudier la flore des lichens de Catalogne méri-

dionale.

DESCRIPTION

I- Morphologie du thalle

Thalle crustacé, endolithique, non ou à peine distinct, ou en partie épilithique et

alors mince, fendillé ou même par endroits fendillé-aréolé (aréoles de 0,1-5 mm), parfois

aussi réduit à quelques granules entre les apothécies, blanchátre, parfois plus ou moins

ocracé ou encore gris blanchâtre par suite de la présence de cyanobactéries épiphytiques,

К -, rarement à peine teinté d'orangé et légèrement К + (pourpre). Algue protococcoide,

à cellules de 8-17(20) um de diamétre.

П - Apothécies

A. Morphologie externe

Apothécies de (0,1)0,2-0,5(1,5) mm de diamétre, généralement nombreuses,

dispersées ou groupées, par endroits denses ou méme contigués, orangées, K+ (pourpre),

arrondies mais parfois déformées par compression mutuelle, d'abord enfoncées dans le

thalle mais devenant rapidement planes.

Disque orangé, finement rugueux au début, concave puis rapidement plan,

parfois légèrement pruineux.

Rebord de 0,02-0,05(0,07) mm d'épaisseur, concolore au disque, lisse, entier,

seulement au début assez épais et saillant, mais devenant rapidement mince et à peu près

de niveau avec le disque.

B. Structure (fig. 1-2)

Épithécium d'un jaune brunátre, K+ (pourpre), à surface inégale, d'environ 10

um d'épaisseur.

Hyménium de 60-80 um de hauteur, hyalin.

Subhyménium et hypothécium assez distincts l'un de l'autre, hyalins, le pre-

mier épais, riche en gouttelettes lipidiques (inspergé), le second mince, en continuité

avec le parathécium, prosoplectenchymateux, à cellules allongées, à lumière de 1-4 um

de diamètre.

Parathécium (fig. 2) relativement mince (30-50 um), à partie externe paraplec-

tenchymateuse et à partie interne prosoplectenchymateuse, de même structure que

l'hypothécium, à hyphes assez peu distinctement rayonnantes.

Source - MNHN, Paris

CALOPLACA NAVASIANA NOV. SP. 91

: 100 um

Fig. | - Structure microscopique de l'apothécie de Caloplaca navasiana, d'après une coupe radiale

observée dans l'eau.

Amphithécium réduit à la partie inférieure de l'apothécie, riche en cellules

algales.

C. Paraphyses (fig. 3)

Paraphyses distinctement cloisonnées, non ramifiées ou ramifiées une seule fois

au sommet, de 1,5-2 um d'épaisseur à la base et de 3-6 um au sommet, à 1-2 cellules

terminales recouvertes de granules cristallins anthraquinoniques, K+ (pourpre).

D. Asques (fig. 4)

Asques claviformes, typiques de la famille des Teloschistaceae, octosporés, plus

rarement hexa- ou tétrasporés, de 39-46 x 12-17 um.

E. Ascospores (fig. 5 et tab. 1)

Ascospores hyalines, ellipsoidales, de (9)10-11,7-13(14,5) x 4-5,2-6(7) um, à

rapport longueur sur largeur de (1,8)1,9-2,3-2,7(3,5), polariloculaires, à épaississement

équatorial ("septum") de (3,5)4,5-5,4-6(9) um de longueur, occupant environ la moitié de

la longueur de la spore (d'aprés 95 mesures).

DIAGNOSE

En latin: Caloplaca navasiana Nav.-Ros. et Roux sp. nov.

Thallus crustaceus, endolithicus aut parum epilithicus, parum vel non distinctus,

albidus vel ochraceus, K -. Alga protococcoidea, cum cellulis 8-17(20) um. Apothecia

Source : MNHN, Paris

92 P. NAVARRO-ROSINÉS et C. ROUX

Fig. 2. - Structure microscopique du parathécium de l’apothécie de Caloplaca navasiana, d'après

une coupe radiale colorée au bleu de lactophénol.

(0,1)0,2-0,5(1,5) mm, aurantia, K+ (purpureum), primum in thallo immersa, deinde

sessilia; discus primum concavus, deinde planus; margo concolor disco, primum crassa

et eminens, deinde tenuis et parum eminens. Epithecium bruneum aurantiacum, K+

(purpureum). Hymenium 60-80 um altum. Subhymenium et hypothecium sine colore.

Parathecium cum cortice epithecio simili et medula sine colore, in externa parte para-

plectenchymaticum et in interna prosoplectenchymaticum, non clare distincte radiantibus

hyphis constitutum. Amphithecium in inferiore apothecii parte minutum, cum abundanti-

bus algae cellulis. Paraphyses clare septatae, non aut tantum in summa parte ramosae,

Source : MNHN, Paris

CALOPLACA NAVASIANA NOV. SP. 93

Fig. 4 - Asques octosporés de Caloplaca navasiana, observés dans l'eau.

Source : MNHN, Paris

94 P. NAVARRO-ROSINES et C. ROUX

Longueur | Largeur | Rapport | Longueur de Rapport

L 1 LA l'épaississemen тел.

équatorial (Le)

Effectif 95 95 95 95 95

Valeur min, 9 4 18 3,5 03

1º décile 10 4 19 4 04

Moyenne 11,7 52 23 54 0,46

9º décile 13 6 25 6 al 0,5

Valeur max. 145 7 35 9 09

Ecart-type 12 06 0,32 0,9 OL

Erreur standard 0,1 0,1 0,03 041 001

Tableau I - Dimensions des spores de Caloplaca navasiana d'après des spécimens de Catalogne et de

Chypre.

Fig. 5 - Ascospores polariloculaires de Caloplaca navasiana, mortes, observées dans l'eau.

cum base 1,5-2 um et summa parte 3-6 um um crassa. Asci (39-46 x 12-17 um) typo

Jamiliae Teloschistaceae, octospori, rari hexa- aut tetraspori. Ascosporae polarilocula-

res, hyalinae, longe ellipsoideae, (9)10-13(14,5) x 4-6(7) um, cum media densatione

(3,5)4-5,2-6(9) um longa.

Typus: Hispania, Catalonia, provincia Tarragona, municipium Vilaseca i Salou,

loco dictu Cala Font, U.T.M. 31TCF4546, 20 m alt., supra saxa calcarea crescens, ad

maris litoris, 1987.10.20, leg. N.L. Hladun et P. Navarro-Rosinés.

Holotypus en BCC-lich. herbarium ; isotypi en MARSSJ herbarium, et en BCC-

lich. herbarium.

Source : MNHN, Paris

CALOPLACA NAVASIANA МОУ. SP. 95

En langue internationale (espéranto) Caloplaca navasiana Nay.-Ros. et Roux sp.

nov.

Talo krusteca, enpetra ай maldike surpetra, ne ай ne tre videbla, blanketa ай

okreta, K -. Algo protokokoida, kun cheloj 8-17(20) um. Apotecioj (0,1)0,2-0,5(1,5) mm,

multaj, oranghaj, K+ (purpuraj), unue entalaj, kun disko unue konkava, poste ebena, kun

randajho maldika, ne elstara. Epitecio brune flava, K+ (purpura). Himenio senkolora, 60-

80 um alta. Subhimenio К hipotecio senkoloraj, apenaù interdistingeblaj. Paratecio kun

kortiko epitecieca, K + (purpura) k medolo senkolora, diketa, ekstere paraplektenkima,

interne prozoplektenkima, el hifoj ne klare radiantaj. Amfitecio malvasta, nur subaparte

de la apotecio, kun multaj algocheloj. Parafizoj distingeble septaj, ne ай nur chesupre

furkaj, chebaze 1,5-2 um dikaj, chesupre 3-6 um dikaj. Askoj (39-46 x 12-17 um) 8-

sporaj, malofte 4- ай 6-sporaj. Askosporoj polusochelaj, senkoloraj, longe elipsoidaj,

(9)10-13(14,5) x 4-6(9) um, Кип dikajho (3,5)4-5,2-6(9) um longa.

Tipoj: Hispanio, Katalunio, provinco Tarragona, komunumo Vila-seca i Salou,

loko Cala Font, U.T.M. 31TCF4546, 20 m, sur kalkaj rokoj apudmaraj, 1987.10.20, leg.

МІ. Hladun k P. Navarro-Rosinés.

Holotipo en BCC-lich. herbario; izotipoj en MARSSJ herbario kaj en BCC-lich.

herbario.

AFFINITÉS

Par ses apothécies orangées dépourvues de bord thallin, ses paraphyses simples,

nettement renflées au sommet, С. navasiana rappelle С. velana (Massal.) Du Rietz, plus

particuliérement certaines formes désignées par Ozenda et Clauzade (1970) sous le nom

de Caloplaca schaereri (Flórke) Zahlbr., qui présentent un thalle très réduit. Elles se

distinguent cependant de C. navasiana par des spores moins allongées ainsi que par un

thalle toujours riche en anthraquinone.

C. navasiana se rapproche également de C. saxicola par des spores ellipsoidales

allongées, à rapport longueur sur largeur supérieur à 2, à épaississement équatorial à

longueur d'environ la moitié de la longueur totale de la spore, ainsi que par ses paraphy-

ses simples, à sommet renflé. Mais il s'en distingue aisément par un thalle trés réduit,

endo- ou hémiendolithique, jamais lobé à la périphérie, généralement blancháue et

dépourvu d'anthraquinones, ainsi que par des spores un peu plus petites.

REPARTITION ET ECOLOGIE

Nous avons découvert Caloplaca navasiana dans la Péninsule Ibérique depuis

plusieurs années et l'avons trouvé plus récemment en Стёсе (1989), à Chypre (1991) et

dans le sud de la France (1993).

Il se rencontre exclusivement sur le littoral méditerranéen, à l'étage adlittoral, sur

des roches calcaires. Avec trois autres Caloplaca, C. aquensis Houmeau et Roux, C.

tavaresiana Nav.-Ros. et Roux et C. veneris Roux et Nav.-Ros. (Houmeau et Roux 1984,

Navarro-Rosinés et Roux 1993, et Roux et Navarro-Rosinés 1992), il appartient à une

Source : MNHN, Paris

96 P. NAVARRO-ROSINES et С. ROUX

association, le Caloplacetum tavaresianae Roux et Nav.-Ros. (Navarro-Rosinés et Roux

1994), qui se rencontre dans le méme étage que l'Opegraphetum durieui Egea et Roux

(Roux et Egea 1992), mais sur des surfaces horizontales ou modérément inclinées,

ensoleillées ou au moins bien éclairées, normalement mouillées par les pluies, moyen-

nement riches en nitrates.

SPÉCIMENS EXAMINÉS

Portugal: Algarve, Peniche, cap Carvoeiro, 300 m au $ du phare, sur paroi de calcaire tres

cohérent et compact, 10 m, 06.IV.1990, leg. J. M. Egea et C. Roux (MARSSI),

Espagne: » Baléares -Illa de Formentera: Trucadors, 28.XII. 1967, leg. X. Llimona (BCC-lich

231). Avec Caloplaca flavescens (Huds.) Laund. et C. tavaresiana Nav.-Ros. et Roux. + Catalogne -

Prov. de Barcelona, Baix Penedès, Sitges: Cala de les Coves, 30 m, 9.VIL.1992, leg. X. Llimona, Р.

Navarro-Rosinés et C. Roux (BCC-lich., MARSSJ); Prov. de Tarragona, Tarragonès, Roda de Berà:

Roc de Вега o de St. Gaietà, U.T.M. 31TCF7258, 10 m, 25.1V.1986, leg. N.L. Hladun, X. Llimona et P.

Navarro-Rosinês (BCC-lich.); Prov. de Tarragona, Tarragonès, Tarragona: Punta Grossa, U.T.M.

31 TCF5453-CF5553, 6 m, 20.X.1987, leg. N.L. Hladun et P. Navarro-Rosinés (BCC-lich.); Prov. de

Tarragona, Tarragonès, Tarragona: Punta de la Creueta, U.T.M. 31TCF5954-CF6054, 3-25 m,

20.11.1987, leg. M. Giralt, A. Gómez-Bolea et P. Navarro-Rosinés (BCC-lich.).- Ibid., 10.У11.1992, leg.

X. Llimona, P. Navarro-Rosinés et C. Roux (BCC-lich., MARSSJ); Prov. de Tarragona, Tarragonès,

Tarragona: Punta de la Rabassada, U.T.M. 31TCF5553, 5 m, 20.X.1987, leg. М1. Hladun et P.

Navarro-Rosinés (BCC-lich.); Prov. de Tarragona, Tarragonès, Vila-seca i Salou: interior de Cap de

Salou, U.T.M. 31 TCF4647, 30 m, 25.1V.1986, leg. N.L. Hladun. X. Llimona et P. Navarro-Rosinés

(BCC-lich.); Prov. de Tarragona, Tarragonès, Vila-seca i Salou: Punta del Far (Cap de Salou), U.T.M.

31TCF4646, 20 m, 20.X.1987, leg. N.L. Hladun et P. Navarro-Rosinés (BCC-lich.); Prov. de Tarra-

gona, Tarragonès, Vila-seca i Salou: Punta del Racó (Cap de Salou), U.T.M. 31TCF4747, 3-10 m,

25.1V.1986, leg. N.L. Hladun, X. Llimona et P. Navarro-Rosinés (BCC-lich.); Ibid., 20.X.1987, leg.

NL Hladun et P. Navarro-Rosinés (BCC-lich.); Ibid., 10.VIL1992, leg. X. Llimona, P. Navarro-

Rosinés et C. Roux (BCC-lich, MARSSJ). + Murcia - Mazarrón: Calas de Punta Bela, 20 m,

22.11.1987, leg. JM. Egea, Р.Р. Moreno et L. Alonso (MUB); Ibid., 1.Х.1992, leg. L. Alonso, J.M.

Egea, P. Navarro-Rosinés et C. Roux (BCC-lich., MARSSJ). + Pais Valencià - Prov. d'Alacant, Marina

Alta, Xàbia: platja de la Granadella 0-10 m, 2.V.1986, leg. 1. Aparicio et JM. Egea (МОВ); Prov.

d'Alacant, Oriola: Cap Roig, 5 m, 1.Х.1992, leg. 1. Alonso, J.M. Egea, Р. Navarro-Rosinés et C. Roux

(BCC-lich., MARSSJ); Prov. d'Alacant, Torrevieja: Cap Cervera, 5 m, 1.Х.1992, leg. 1. Alonso, J. M.

Egea, P. Navarro-Rosinés et C. Roux (BCC-lich., MARSSI); Prov. de Castelló, Plana Alta, Oropesa

Сар d'Oropesa, U.T.M. 30TBF6541-BF5741, 2-5 m, 14.X1.1987, leg. N.L. Hladun (BCC-lich.).

France: Aude, Narbonne, La Clape, 4.VIIL1974, leg. G. Clauzade (BCC-lich. 1253) -

Bouches-du-Rhóne, Marseille, calanque de Sormiou, 5 m, 9.V.1993, leg. C. Roux et P. Navarro-

Rosinés (MARSSJ, BCC-lich); Marseille, cap Morgiou, 5 m, 9.V.1993, leg. C. Roux et P. Navarro-

Rosinés (MARSSJ, BCC-lich.).

Grèce: SE de Athènes, Fokea, entre Fokea et Laguna, sur une falaise adlittorale de calcaire

três cohérent et compact, 5 m, 23.1X.1989, leg. C. Roux (MARSSJ).

Croatie: Dalmatien, auf Kalkfelsen in der Spritzzone an der Küste der Insel Korcula unweit

des Hotels “Bon Repos", südlich der Stadt Korcula, 31.VIII.1969, leg. J. Poelt (GZU, Herb. Г. Poelt

7430: cum C. aurantia).

Source : MNHN, Paris

CALOPLACA NAVASIANA NOV. SP. 97

Italie: Sardinien, prov. Cagliari, Felsküste ca. 1,5 km М von Buggerru, са. 30-50 m alt., Kalk,

2.V.1986, leg. Н. Mayrhofer 6028 (GZU) - Sicilia, Isole Pelagie, Lampedusa, presso Capo Gregale,

rocce calcaree verticali esposte a nord, ca, 80 m, 11.1.1992, leg. J. Poelt (GZU); Isole Pelagie,

Lampedusa, Punta occidentale dell'Isola, tra Punta Parise, Capo Ponente e C. Teresa, 80-100 m,

131V.1992, leg. J. Poelt (GZU).

Chypre: E de Xylophaghou, entre les caps Pyla et Greco, sur des blocs de calcaire un peu

gréseux à quelques m du bord de mer, 3 m, 12.1.1991. leg. C. Roux (MARSSJ).

REMERCIEMENTS - Nous remercions Michéle Roux (Marseille), qui a revu la diagnose latine. Le

travail du premier auteur a été subventionné par la Dirección General de Investigación Científica y

Técnica, Espagne (programme PB 92/0795).

BIBLIOGRAPHIE

CLAUZADE G. et ROUX C., 1985 - Likenoj de Okcidenta Eüropo. Ilustrita determinlibro. Royan:

Société botanique du Centre-Ouest, 893 + 2 p.

CLAUZADE G. et ROUX C., 1987 - Likenoj de Okcidenta Eüropo. Suplemento 2a. Bull. Soc. Bot.

Centre-Quest, nouv. sér., 18; 177-214.

CLAUZADE С. et ROUX C., 1989 - Likenoj de Okcidenta Eùropo. Suplemento 3a, Bull. Soc. Linn.

Provence 40: 73-110.

HOUMEAU J. et ROUX C., 1984 - Champignons lichénisés ou lichénicoles du Centre-Ouest: espê-

ces nouvelles et intéressantes (ID). Bull. Soc. Bor. Centre-Ouest, nouv. sér., 15: 143-150.

NAVARRO-ROSINÉS P. et ROUX C., 1992. - Présence de Caloplaca aquensis sur le littoral médi-

terranéen. Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 13(4): 355-358.

NAVARRO-ROSINÉS P. et ROUX C., 1993 - Caloplaca tavaresiana Nav.-Ros. et Roux sp. nov.,

espèce nouvelle de lichen du littoral de la région méditerranéenne. Nova Hedwigia 57(1-2):

169-177.

NAVARRO-ROSINÉS P. et ROUX C., 1994 - Le Caloplacetum tavaresianae Roux et Nav.-Ros. ass.

nov., une association lichénique saxicole-calcicole, halophile. Nova Hedwigia 59(1-2): 255-

264.

OZENDA P. et CLAUZADE G., 1970 - Les lichens. Étude biologique et flore illustrée. Paris: Mas-

son, 801 p.

POELT J., 1969 - Bestimmungsschliissel europäischer Flechten. Lehre/Vaduz: Cramer, 71+ 757 p.

ROUX C. et EGEA J. M., 1992 - L'Opegraphetum durieui Egea et Roux ass. nov., une association

lichénique saxicole-calcicole, halophile. Cryptogamie, Bryol., Lichénol. 13(2): 105-115.

ROUX C. et NAVARRO-ROSINES P., 1992 - Caloplaca egeana Roux et Nav.-Ros. sp. nov. kaj

Caloplaca veneris Roux et Nav.-Ros. sp. nov., du novaj likenspecioj de la mediteranea mar-

bordo. Bull. Soc. Linn. Provence 43: 91-103.

Source : MNHN, Paris

Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 1995 (16 (2): 99-103 99

HONGOS LIQUENÍCOLAS DE SQUAMARINA II":

SOBRE LA IDENTIDAD DE “DIDYMELLA” CROZALSIANA

(ASCOMYCETES)

Р. NAVARRO-ROSINES', С. ROUX’ у M. CASARES"

' Departament de Biologia Vegetal (Botânica), Facultat de Biologia.

Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645. ES - 08028 Barcelona, España.

* C.N RSS, Laboraroire de botanique et écologie méditerranéenne,

Faculté des sciences et techniques de Saint-Jéróme, rue H. Poincaré,

F-13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France.

* Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia,

Universidad de Granada, ES-18071 Granada, Езрайа.

RESUMEN - Cercidospora crozalsiana (Oliv.) Nav.-Ros., Roux et Casares comb. nov. [= Didymella

crozalsiana (Oliv.) Vouaux], un hongo liquenicola no liquenizado poco citado, que crece como

parasimbionte de diferentes especies de Squamarina, es descrita y comentada. Por sus características

morfológicas, C. crozalsiana es próxima a С. ulothii Kórber, un hongo parasimbionte específico de

Lecanora gr. muralis, pero se diferencia de ésta por el mayor tamafio de sus estructuras, en especial

por las dimensiones de las esporas.

RESUMO - Komentita priskribo de Cercidospora crozalsiana (Oliv.) Nav.-Ros., Roux et Casares

comb. nov. [= Didymella crozalsiana (Oliv. Vouaux], nelikenighinta fungo likenlogha malofte

menciita, parasimbioza al diversaj specioj de Squamarina. C. crozalsiana laümorfologie afinas al C.

ulothii Körber, likenlogha fungo parasimbioza al la specioj de la grupo de Lecanora muralis, sed

bone diferencas de tiu specio pro pli grandaj askomoj, askoj, kaj chefe sporoj.

RÉSUMÉ - Cercidospora crozalsiana (Oliv.) Nav.-Ros., Roux et Casares comb. nov. [= Didymella

crozalsiiana (Oliv.) Vouaux]. champignon lichénicole non lichenisé rarement mentionné,

parasymbiote de diverses espêces de Squamarina, est décrit et commenté. Par sa morphologie, il est

proche de C. ulothii Körber, un parasymbiote de Lecanora du groupe de L. muralis, mais il en diffère

par ses ascomes, ses asques, et surtout ses spores plus grands.

INTRODUCCIÓN

En el transcurso del estudio de la flora y la taxonomía de los líquenes y de los

hongos liquenícolas no liquenizados de la región mediterránea de Andalucía (S de

España), Aragón y Cataluña (NE de España) y de Provenza (SE de Francia), los autores

han podido recolectar abundante material de un hongo del género Cercidospora que

Crece sobre diferentes especies del género Squamarina. Por sus características

* N. I: ver la bibliografía del presente trabajo : Navarro-Rosinés P., Roux С. & Llimona X. (1994).

Source : MNHN, Paris

100 P. NAVARRO-ROSINES, C. ROUX y M. CASARES

morfológicas se aproxima a Cercidospora ulothii Kórber, un hongo parasimbionte de

diferentes especies del grupo de Lecanora muralis (Hafellner 1987), pero se diferencia

de éste por el mayor tamaño de sus estructuras.

Después de consultados los principales trabajos referentes a los hongos

liquenícolas, se ha constatado que nuestro hongo corresponde a un taxon ya descrito,

“Didymella” crozalsiiana (Oliv.) Vouaux (Clauzade et al. 1989, Clauzade & Roux

1976, Keissler 1930, Vouaux 1912-1914, Olivier 1905-1907). Esta especie ha sido mal

comprendida en los trabajos anteriormente mencionados, por lo que, a la vista del

nuevo material estudiado, se hace además necesario reconsiderar su posición genérica.

MATERIAL Y MÉTODO

Para el estudio de los diferentes ejemplares se han realizado secciones a mano

alzada, que se han montado en agua, lugol (1), lactofenol-azul algodón, o en solución

acuosa de hidróxido potásico (al 10%), para su observación al microscopio óptico

(máximo aumento de 1000 x). Se ha observado tanto material vivo, recolectado por los

autores, como material procedente de diferentes herbarios (BCC, GDA, GZU,

MARSSJ). Las medidas mencionadas se basan en material de herbario, o en material

vivo tratado con lactofenol-azul algodón. En las dimensiones de las esporas se indica la

media en cursiva, entre paréntesis los valores extremos absolutos, y, en medio, los

valores extremos después de descartar el 10 % de los valores más altos y de los más

bajos.

Para la nomenclatura de los líquenes mencionados en el texto se ha seguido la

propuesta por Clauzade & Roux (1985, 1987 y 1989).

CERCIDOSPORA CROZALSIANA (OLIV.) NAV.-ROS., ROUX ET CASARES

COMB. NOVA

Bas.: Sphaeria crozalsiana Oliv., Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 17: 168 (1906).

= Didymella crozalsiana (Oliv.) Vouaux, Bull. Soc. 1усоі. France 24: 98 (1913).

Tipo.- Francia, Hérault, Béziers, leg. A. De Crozals (PC?, tipo no visto).

Huésped típico.- Squamarina lentigera (Web.) Poc't

Ascomas peritecioides, de (160)200-280 um de diámetro, hundidos en los talos

del huésped, provistos de un excípulo formado por pequefias células, con estructura no

claramente prosoplectenquimática, próxima a la que se denomina textura intricata

(Hawksworth et al. 1983), de color azul verdoso en la parte superior e incoloro en la

base, pero que, en los ascomas más desarrollados, puede llegar a presentar una

coloración azul verdosa uniforme en toda su extensión, y, en algunos de los ascomos

más viejos, puede llegar a tener una tonalidad rojiza, con un grosor de 12-15(20) um

hacia la base, no o sólo ligeramente más engrosado alrededor del ostíolo.

Hamatecio formado por abundantes parafisoides de 1.5-2 um de grosor.

filiformes, articulados, simples o, raramente, con algunas anastomosis.

Source : MNHN, Paris

CERCIDOSPORA CROZALSIANA COMB. NOV. 101

Ascos de 85-120 x 10-14 um, cilindricos, bitunicados, con el endoasco

ligeramente engrosado en el ápice y provisto de una pequefia cámara apical, en su

mayoría tetrasporados, pero, no raramente, algunos sólo bisporados.

Esporas de (22)24-28,4-32(37) x (5)5,5-6,1-7(8) um (106 esporas medidas),

uniseptadas, con algunas simples mezcladas, incoloras, de forma entre estrechamente

elipsoidal-fusiforme a casi cilíndrica, ligeramente heteropolares, no o poco constrictas

al nivel del septo, la mayoría con un halo gelatinoso de 1-2 um de grosor claramente

visible, gutuladas.

Picnidiósporas bacilares de 3-5(8) x 0,5-1 um.

DISCUSIÓN

Cercidospora crozalsiana se aproxima, por presentar ascos tetrasporados y por

la forma de las esporas, а С. ulothii Körber, pero se diferencia de ésta por el mayor

tamafio de sus estructuras. Los ascos pueden superar los 100 um de largo, y, en algún

caso, son sólo bisporados. Las esporas superan en su mayoria los 25 um de longitud,

dimensiones a las que raramente llega C. ulothii.

La comprensión de este taxon ha resultado confusa en los diferentes trabajos

que lo han tratado. Ya en la descripción original de Olivier (1906) se mencionan ciertos

caracteres diferentes de la realidad; "spores 8 par théque, [...], 3 septées", por lo

contrario los restantes caracteres mencionados coinciden con nuestras observaciones, en

especial, las dimensiones de las esporas, que coinciden perfectamente con las

predominantes en la especie. Posteriormente, Vouaux (1913) reestudia el material tipo

y no observa ningún hongo que presente esporas triseptadas. En su lugar, según este

autor, sobre el material tipo se encuentran dos hongos con esporas uniseptadas, uno de

los cuales presenta las características de “Didymella” epipolytropa, mientras que el

segundo, con esporas uniseptadas e incoloras, provisto de hamatecio, y con el excípulo

de color rojizo, corresponderia (Vouaux, op. cit.) a “Didymella” crozalsiana. La

descripción aportada por este autor ha sido después recogida por diferentes autores para

definir este taxon (Keissler 1930, Clauzade & Roux 1976, Clauzade et al. 1989).

En realidad, de nuestras observaciones se desprende que los dos táxones

mencionados por Vouaux (op. cit.) pueden perfectamente corresponder al mismo

hongo. En efecto, en parte del material de Cercidospora crozalsiana estudiado, se

presentan algunos ejemplares con ascomas ya en mal estado, con excípulo de tonalidad

rojiza.

La forma posteriormente descrita para esta especie: Sphaeria crozalsiana f.

saxicolae Oliv., que crece sobre “Squamaria saxicola” (Olivier 1907, Vouaux 1913),

debe ser considerada como un posible sinónimo de Cercidospora ulothii.

Conviene recordar aquí que, sobre Squamarina, existe otro hongo liquenícola,

Lichenochora clauzadei Nav.-Ros., Roux y Llimona (Navarro-Rosinés et al. 1994), que

presenta ascos octosporados y esporas triseptadas, características que, como hemos

explicado ya, aparecen en la descripción original de Cercidospora crozalsiana. Pero,

ambos táxones se diferencian claramente por la diferente estructura de los ascomas y,

principalmente, por la forma y dimensiones de las esporas. En Lichenochora clauzadei

Source : MNHN, Paris

102 Р. NAVARRO-ROSINES, С. ROUX у М. CASARES

las esporas son triseptadas, fusiformes, con los extremos acuminados, y de dimensiones

marcadamente superiores (30-45 x 6-9 um) a las de Cercidospora crozalsiana.

DISTRIBUCIÓN Y HÁBITAT

C. crozalsiana parece comportarse como una especie de distribución

tipicamente mediterránea, que se conoce de la localidad original (Olivier 1906, Vouaux

1913), y de las localidades de la Península Ibérica y del sur de Francia mencionadas en

este trabajo. Esta especie parece que se comporta como un parasimbionte específico de

diferentes especies del género Squamarina. Los ejemplares de la Península Ibérica se

desarrollan sobre los talos de Squamarina cartilaginea y de S. lentigera, que crecen en

su mayoría sobre suelos yesosos; en cambio los ejemplares de Provenza se desarrollan

sobre los talos de S. lentigera, sobre suelos, y de S. stella-petraea, que crece sobre

bloques alterados de areniscas carbonatadas poco elevados sobre el nivel del suelo.

Material estudiado

ESPAÑA - Andalucía - Prov. Almería, Шаг, Barranco de la Canales, U.T.M. 308WG3295,

390 m, s. data, leg. A. Gómez-Bolea (BCC-lich.). Sobre 5. cartilaginea. - Prov. Almería, Sorbas,

Peñón de Diaz, U.T.M. 30SWG8004, 400 m, 19.111.1988, leg. M. Casares y L. Gutiérrez (GDA-lich.).

Sobre S. cartilaginea. - Prov. Almería, Sorbas, proximidades de Marchalico Viñicas, U.T.M.

30508507, 400 m, 18.1.1988, leg. М. Casares у І. Gutiérrez (GDA-lich.). Sobre S. cartilaginea

` Prov. Almería, Tabernas, Venta de los Yesos, U.T.M. 30SWG6205, 500 m, 20.11.1988, leg. M.

Casares, A. Rupérez y L. Gutiérrez (GDA-lich.). Sobre 5. lentigera. - Prov. Almería, Viator, Cuevas

de los Medinas, U.T.M. 30SWF6184, 200 m, 15.VI.1989, leg. M. Casares у 1. Gutiérrez (GDA-

ich). Sobre S. lentigera. - Prov. Granada, Benamaurel, Cañada del Caballo, U.T.M. 30SWG2566,

720 m, 26.11.1988, leg. M. Casares, A. Rupérez y L. Gutiérrez (GDA-lich.). Sobre S. cartilaginea. -

Prov. Granada, carretera de Baza-Benamaurel, Monzón, U.T.M. 30SWG2456, 690 m, 3.1.1990, leg.

M. Casares, A. Rupérez y L. Gutierrez (GDA-lich.). Sobre 5. cartilaginea. - Prov. Sevilla, Carmona,

Tumba de Servilia, 100-200 m, 8.11.1994, leg. X. Ariño, А. Gómez-Bolea y A. Canals (BCC-lich.)

Sobre 5, lentigera. - Aragón - Prov. Zaragoza, Alfajarín, cerca del Castillo, 350 m, 4.1.1972, leg. X.

Llimona (BCC-lich.). Sobre S. lentigera. - Prov. Zaragoza, los Monegros, Gipshügel ca. 5 km von

Bujaraloz, ca. 70 km E von Zaragoza, ca. 250 m alt, offenes Juniperetum thuriferae, 25.V.1983, leg.

J. Hafellner (GZU, Herb. J. Hafellner 17419). Sobre 5. lentigera. - Cataluña - Prov. Lleida, la

Segarra, Tora, cerca del pueblo, U.T.M. 31TCG62, 450-500 m, 5.1.1972, leg. X. Llimona (BCC-

Lich). Sobre S. lentigera. - Prov. Lleida, la Segarra, Tora, lomas próximas a la carretera а

Castellfollit, U.T.M. 31TCG6828, 470 m, 15.1V.1988, leg. Р. Navarro-Rosinés y X. Llimona (BCC-

Lich). Sobre S. lentigera.- Ibid., 8.VII.1988, leg. P. Navarro-Rosinés (BCC-lich.; GZU, Herb. J.

Hafellner). Sobre S. lentigera.

FRANCIA - Provenza - Bouches-du-Rhône, Auriol, à terre, 8.XIL.1949, leg. L. Berner

(MARSSJ, Herb. B. de Lesdain). Sobre 5. lentigera. - Vaucluse, Gordes, col de Gordes, 350 m,

14. V.1993, leg. Р. Navarro-Rosinés у C. Roux (BCC-Lich, MARSSJ). Sobre S. stella-petraea.- Ibid.,

10.1.1993, leg. С. Clauzade, M. Glenn, P. Navarro-Rosinés у C. Roux (BCC-Lich, MARSSI). Sobre

S. stella-petraea. - Vaucluse, St.-Saturnin-d' Apt, La Tuilière, 250 m, sol marneux non ombragé à peu

près horizontal, sur mames gargasiennes, 261X.1964, leg. б. Clauzade (MARSSJ, Herb. G.

Clauzade). Sobre S. lentigera.

Source : MNHN, Paris

CERCIDOSPORA CROZALSIANA COMB. NOV. 103

AGRADECIMIENTOS - Los autores quieren agradecer a X. Llimona (Barcelona) y P. Diederich

(Luxemburgo) la lectura crítica del manuscrito. El trabajo de los autores españoles ha sido

subvencionado por la Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica, Ministerio de

Educación y Ciencia, España (proyectos PB 92/0795 у PB 90301-CO 02-02).

BIBLIOGRAFIA

CLAUZADE G. & ROUX C., 1976 - Les champignons lichénicoles non lichénisés. Montpellier:

Institut Вог, Montpellier, 110 p.

CLAUZADE С. & ROUX С. 1985 - Likenoj de Okcidenta Eüropo. Hustrita determinlibro. Royan:

Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest (Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest, n. spec. 7), 893 + 2 p.

CLAUZADE С. & ROUX C., 1987 - Likenoj de Okcidenta Eùropo. Suplemento 2a. Bull. Soc. Bor.

Centre-Ouest, попу. sér., 18 : 177-214.

CLAUZADE G. & ROUX С, 1989 - Likenoj de Okcidenta Eüropo. Suplemento За. Bull. Soc. Linn.

Provence 40 : 73-110.

CLAUZADE G., DIEDERICH P. & ROUX С, 1989 - Nelikenighintaj fungo) likenloghaj — /lustrita

determinlibro. Marseille: Soc. linn. Provence (Bull. Soc. Linn. Provence, n. spec. 1), 142 p.

HAFELLNER J., 1987- Studien über lichenicole Pilze und Flechten VI. Ein veründertes

Gattungskonzept für Cercidospora. Herzogia 7: 355-365.

HAWKSWORTH DL, SUTTON В.С. & AINSWORTH G.C., 1983- Ainsworth & Bisbys

Dictionary of the Fungi. 7ed. Kew: CAB Intemational Mycological Institute. XII+449 pp.

KEISSLER К. (von), 1930 - Die Flechtenparasiten. Rabenhorst Krypt.-Fl. &(1) : 1-712.

NAVARRO-ROSINES P, ROUX С. & LLIMONA X. 1994- Nelikenighintaj fungoj che

Squamarina: Clypeococcum epicrassum comb. nov. kaj Lichenochora clauzadei sp. nov.

(Ascomycetes). Bull. Soc. Linn. Provence 45 (Hommage scientifique à G. Clauzade): 421-

429.

OLIVIER Н., 1905-1907 - Les principaux parasites de nos lichens francais. Bull. Int. Géogr, Bot.,

1905, 15: 206-220, 273-284; 1906, 16: 42-48, 187-200, 253-264; 1907, 17: 123-128,

162-176, 232-240.

OLIVIER Н. 1907 - Les principaux parasites de nos lichens français. Premier supplément. Bazoches-

au-Houlme (Orne) : auteur, 24 p.

VOUAUX L. (abbé), 1912-1914 - Synopsis des champignons parasites de lichens, Bull. Soc. Mycol.

France, 1912, 28: 177-256; 1913, 29: 33-128, 399-494; 1914, 30: 135-198, 281-329.

Source : MNHN, Paris

Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 1995, 16 (2): 105-110 105

SOME BRYOPHYTES FROM SOUTHERN ITALY,

INCLUDING NEW RECORDS OF TORTULA BOLANDERI

AND ASCHISMA CARNIOLICUM

T.L. BLOCKEEL

9 Ashfurlong Close, Dore, Sheffield $17 3NN, UK.

ABSTRACT - 29 noteworthy bryophyte records are reported from Campania and Sicily. Tortula

bolanderi is new to Italy in a second European station, and Aschisma carniolicum has been found for

the first time in Italy since 1913.

RÉSUMÉ - 29 bryophytes sont signalées de la Campanie et de la Sicile. Tortula bolanderi est

nouvelle pour l'Italie, dans une deuxiéme localité européenne, et Aschisma carniolicum a été trouvé

pour le premier fois en Italie depuis 1913.

INTRODUCTION

Recent years have seen considerable progress in the study of Italian bryophytes.

Cortini Pedroti has published a bryological bibliography of the country, a

comprehensive check-list of the mosses, and a red list of Italian bryophytes (Cortini

Pedrotti 1986, 1992, Cortini Pedrotti & Aleffi 19922). A check-list of the hepatics is

due to be published shortly (Aleffi 8: Schumacher, in prep.). At a more regional level,

there have been separate check-lists for Sicily (Dia er al. 1985, Dia et al. 1987), and a

detailed study of the Apuan Alps (Cortini Pedrotti et al. 1991), in addition to more local

floristic studies. Nevertheless many parts of the country remain poorly known, and

many of the records which do exist have not been confirmed for many years. The red

list of Italian bryophytes documents the large number of species which have not been

recorded since 1950. It is not surprising, therefore, that even brief and limited

investigations can produce new records of interest, and re-discoveries of older ones (cf.

Townsend 1994).

This paper reports some records made during visits to Sicily in April 1993, and

to Campania in March-April 1994. These records include a first report for Tortula

bolanderi in Italy, and a first modern record for Aschisma carniolicum. Most of the.

records listed below are new to their respective regions, or have not been recorded since

before 1950 (Cortini Pedrotti 1992, with additional records for Campania in Cortini

Pedrotti er al. 1993). New records are prefixed by a double asterisk (**), and recent

records by a single asterisk (*). The specimens cited are located in the author's personal

herbarium.

Source : MNHN, Paris

106 T.L. BLOCKEEL

Nomenclature follows Corley ег al. (1981) and Corley & Crundwell (1991) for

mosses, and Grolle (1983) for hepatics.

SICILY

**Lophozia ventricosa var. ventricosa (Dicks.) Dum. - At base of shaded lava boulder

on steep slope overlooking the southern edge of the Valle del Bove, M. Etna, TLB

22/129.

*Cynodontium bruntonii (Sm.) B., S. & G. - In crevices of lava rocks in Pine forest,

Pineta di Linguaglossa, M. Etna, TLB 22/136.

**Dicranoweisia cirrata (Hedw.) Lindb. - At base of Pinus nigra bole, Pineta di

Linguaglossa, M. Etna, TLB 22/155.

*Encalypta ciliata Hedw. - In gully and on bank of lava in Pine forest, Pineta di

Linguaglossa, M. Etna, TLB 22/139 p.p., 22/152.

**Tortula bolanderi (Lesq. & James) M. A. Howe - On friable crust of soil on vertical

roadside bank, on the outskirts of Vizzini, by the road to Caltagirone, TLB 22/091.

Plants occurring as scattered shoots to 2.5 шт tall, dark green, leaves

commonly tinged red-brown at the apices and at the back of the nerve. Leaves erect and

appressed or weakly curled when dry, erect spreading when moist, to 2 mm long,

lingulate, rounded or sometimes broadly pointed at the apex, somewhat cucullate;

margins entire, recurved at mid-leaf and sometimes almost to the apex; nerve

percurrent or ceasing slightly below the apex, stout, 60-70 um wide at mid-leaf,

prominent dorsally, the ventral surface with quadrate multi-papillose cells, the dorsal

with elongate cells bearing scattered low conical papillae; nerve section with large

well-defined guide cells and a hydroid strand, a dorsal stereid band and weakly

differentiated dorsal epidermis, and a ventral superficial layer of papillose cells. Upper

leaf cells quadrate, 4-9 pm wide, densely and obscurely multi-papillose, the marginal

cells in 5-8 rows incrassate, less densely papillose, forming a pale band; basal cells lax,

rectangular, gradually differentiated, the walls becoming pale brown with age, the

marginal cells narrower with 1-2 rows of linear cells sometimes differentiated.

Rhizoidal tubers present, sparse, on slender rhizoids, irregular in shape, pale brown

with dark brown walls, to 60 um in diameter. Gametangia not seen (plants elsewhere

dioecious).

T. bolanderi has been reported only once previously in Europe, from southern

France (Crundwell & Whitehouse 1976), but it is now known to be widespread in the

Canary Islands (Dirkse er al. 1993). The Sicilian plants agree well with the French, and

the identification has been confirmed by Mr. Crundwell. The status of the species in

Europe remains uncertain. Both collections have been from roadside banks. This fact,

and the apparent rarity of the species in Europe, may suggest an introduced origin.

However, it is not a conspicuous plant and it may yet be found to occur more widely in

southern Europe. It is most likely to be confused with T. inermis (Brid.) Mont., which

may have similarly differentiated marginal leaf cells. However, T. inermis has larger

Source : MNHN, Paris

SOME BRYOPHYTES FROM SOUTHERN ITALY 107

leaf cells and more strongly recurved leaf margins, and it is autoecious and commonly

fertile.

*Tortella inflexa (Bruch) Broth. - On stones in the gardens at the Latomia, Siracusa,

TLB 22/060 p.p., and on bank by the Roman Amphitheatre, Siracusa, TLB 22/065.

*Cinclidotus mucronatus (Brid.) Mach. - On boulder by stream, in gully at ca, 550 m

alt., by the N185 road NW of Francavilla, TLB 22/188.

*Aulacomnium androgynum (Hedw.) Schwaegr. - On loamy soil on bank by path in

Pine forest, Pineta di Linguaglossa, M. Etna, TLB 22/153.

CAMPANIA

**Lophozia collaris (Nees) Dum. - On damp shaded limestone, са. 1350 т alt, М. S.

Angelo a tre Pizzi, Lattari Mountains, TLB 23/068.

Pedinophyllum interruptum (Nees) Kaal. - On damp shaded limestone in deep wooded

valley, Valle dei Molini, Amalfi, TLB 23/049. - On damp shaded limestone in ravine,

са. 500 m alt., ca. 3 km SW of Acerno, M. Picentini, TLB 23/053.

**Cololejeunea rossettiana (Mass.) Schiffn. - On limestone blocks of old retaining

wall in deep wooded valley, Valle dei Molini, Amalfi, TLB 23/045. In addition to this

and the next species, C. calcarea (Libert) Schiffn. also occurs in the Valle dei Molini.

There are few other places in Europe where these three species grow in close proximity.

**Cololejeunea minutissima (Sm.) Schiffn. - On tree boles in deep wooded valley,

Valle dei Molini, Amalfi, TLB 23/043.

Distichium capillaceum (Hedw.) B., S. & G. - On damp calcareous matter on steep

slope in ravine, ca. 500 m alt., ca. 3 km SW of Acerno, M. Picentini, TLB 23/055 p.p.

**Ditrichum crispatissimum (C. Mill.) Par. - On steep lightly shaded rocky bank, ca.

1400 m alt., M. S. Angelo a tre Pizzi, Lattari Mountains, TLB 23/071.

Trematodon longicollis Michx. - On warm bare ground in volcanic crater, La Solfatara,

Pozzuoli, TLB 23/077. The first report of T. longicollis from La Solfatara was made by

Giordano (1871), and the species has been recorded on various occasions from the

nearby island of Ischia, where it was first found and described by Bolle (1865, as T.

solmsii). The present record is welcome confirmation of one of the few European

stations for this species of tropical and sub-tropical distribution.

**Barbula crocea (Brid.) Web. & Mohr - On damp calcareous matter on steep slope in

ravine, ca. 500 m alt., ca. 3 km SW of Acerno, M. Picentini, TLB 23/054.

**Aschisma carniolicum (Web. & Mohr) Lindb. - On dry calcareous soil on south

facing slope, among Weissia controversa Hedw. and Pottia starckeana (Hedw.) C.

Müll, Punta Campanella, west of Sorrento, TLB 23/080 рр.

Plants minute, са. 1.5 mm tall, occurring as isolated individuals. Upper leaves

1-1.2 mm long, ovate to narrowly ovate-oblong with acute apex, incurved when dry,

Source : MNHN, Paris

108 ТІ. BLOCKEEL

erect and somewhat concave when moist; margins plane, entire; nerve stout, percurrent,

forming an acute point to the leaf, often somewhat wider at mid leaf than at the base,

prominent dorsally, in section with weakly differentiated guide cells, a strong dorsal

stereid band, 1-2 rows of ventral stereids and a superficial ventral layer of papillose

cells. Upper lamina cells quadrate, ca 5 um wide, dense, obscure and strongly multi-

рарШозе, slightly more incrassate and less рарШозе at leaf margins; basal cells

rectangular, 5-10 um wide, often forming a V-shaped zone, thin-walled at extreme base

of leaf, becoming thick-walled above and merging gradually with the upper cells. Cells

overlying ventral surface of nerve rectangular or sometimes quadrate, papillose; dorsal

nerve cells elongate, incrassate. Capsule immersed on a very short seta, readily

becoming detached at maturity, spherical with a small apiculus; lid not differentiated;

calyptra conic; capsule walls delicate, the exothecial cells across the centre of the

capsule large, thin-walled, rectangular (about 4-5:1), arranged in palisade-like tiers;

spores 16-20 um, very finely papillose.

This collection consists of a few shoots only, collected hurriedly at the onset of

a heavy rain shower. Aschisma is an inconspicuous moss, and there is no reason to

suppose that it is not present in good quantity at this site. Previous reports from Italy

are from Sardinia (Colla 1836), Tuscany (Levier 1905), and Sicily, in the vicinity of

Messina (Zodda 1907, 1913, Villari et al. 1980). Düll (1992) states, without

explanation, that records from mainland Italy are wrong. In any case, the present record

is apparently the first for Italy since Zodda’s report in 1913.

А. carniolicum resembles a small Phascum, but differs in the presence of a

ventral stereid band in the nerve, the very small size of the upper leaf cells, the

tendency of the basal cells to form a V-shaped group, and the large, delicate exothecial

cells of the capsule, which are arranged in high tiers.

Racomitrium canescens (Hedw.) Brid. - On turfy slope on exposed summit, ca. 1440 m

alt., M. S. Angelo a tre Pizzi, Lattari Mountains, TLB 23/075.

Mnium marginatum (With.) P. Beauv. - In stony crevices on bank in Beech woodland,

са. 1350 m alt., M. S. Angelo a tre Pizzi, Lattari Mountains, TLB 23/069.

Plagiopus oederiana (Sw.) Crum & Anderson - On limestone rock ledge, са. 1350 m

alt., M. S. Angelo a tre Pizzi, Lattari Mountains, TLB 23/067.

**Neckera pumila Hedw. - On bole of mature Beech tree, ca. 1250 m alt, М. S.

Angelo a tre Pizzi, Lattari Mountains, TLB 23/063.

**Metaneckera menziesii (Hook. Steere - On steep lightly shaded rocky bank, ca.

1350 m alt., M. S. Angelo a tre Pizzi, Lattari Mountains, TLB 23/073.

Antitrichia curtipendula (Hedw.) Brid. - On steep lightly shaded rocky bank, ca. 1400

m alt., M. S. Angelo a tre Pizzi, Lattari Mountains, TLB 23/072.

Myurella julacea (Schwaegr.) B., S. & G. - On damp calcareous matter on steep slope

in ravine, ca. 500 m alt., ca. 3 km SW of Acerno, M. Picentini, TLB 23/055 р.р. Until

recently this species was know only from the northern part of Italy. However, Cortini

Pedrotti & Aleffi (1992b) have reported it recently from the Abruzzo National Park,

and Cortini Pedrotti et al. (1993) have found it independently in Campania.

Source : MNHN, Paris

SOME BRYOPHYTES FROM SOUTHERN ITALY 109

**Anomodon attenuatus (Hedw.) Hiib. - On shaded limestone boulders in ravine, ca.

500 m alt., ca. 3 km SW of Acerno, M. Picentini, TLB 23/050, 23/056.

+*Thuidium recognitum (Hedw.) Lindb. - On turfy ground in open Castanea wood, ca.

740 m alt., Acerno, M. Picentini, TLB 23/060.

*Amblystegium serpens (Hedw.) B., S. & G. - At base of tree bole by stream, ca. 500

m alt., ca. 3 km SW of Acerno, M. Picentini, TLB 23/058.

*Plagiothecium nemorale (Mitt.) Jaeg. - On base of Beech tree, са. 1300 m alt., M. S.

Angelo a tre Pizzi, Lattari Mountains, TLB 23/064.

*Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus (Hedw.) Warnst. - On limestone rock ledge, ca. 1400 m

alt., M. S. Angelo a tre Pizzi, Lattari Mountains, TLB 23/074.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS - I am very grateful to Prof. C. Cortini Pedrotti (Camerino) and Dott.

M.G. Dia (Palermo) for their assistance in the preparation of this note, and to Mr. A.C. Crundwell and

Mr. D.G. Long for kindly confirming the identity of individual specimens.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

BOLLE C., 1865 - Trematodon solmsii, ein neues Moos von Ischia. Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov.

Brandenb. 7: 29-31

COLLA A., 1836 - Herbarium Pedemontanum juxta methodum naturalem dispositum. VI, Sistens

gramineas ad fungos. Torino: ex typis regiis.

CORLEY MEN, CRUNDWELL A.C., DULL R., HILL, М.О. & SMITH AJE, 1981 - Mosses of

Europe and the Azores; an annotated list of species, with synonyms from the recent

literature. J. Bryol. 11: 609-689.

CORLEY МЕУ. & CRUNDWELL A.C., 1991 - Additions and amendments to the mosses of

Mosses of Europe and the Azores. J. Bryol. 16: 337-356.

CORTINI PEDROTTI C., 1986 - Bibliografia Briologica d’Italia. Webbia 39(2): 289-353.

CORTINI PEDROTTI C., SCHUMACKER R., ALEFFI M. & FERRARINI E., 1991 - Elenco critico

delle briofite delle Alpi Apuane (Toscana, Italia), Bull. Soc. Roy. Sci. Liége 60(4-5): 149-

361

CORTINI PEDROTTI C., 1992 - Check-list of the Mosses of Italy. Fl. Medit. 2: 119-221

CORTINI PEDROTTI С. & ALEFFI М. 1992a - Lista rossa delle Briofite d'Italia. In: Conti F., Manzi

A. & Pedrotti F., Libro rosso delle piante d'Italia. W.W.F., Roma, pp. 559-637

CORTINI PEDROTTI C. & ALEFFI M., 1992b - Flora briologica del Gruppo delle Mainarde (Parco

Nazionale d'Abruzzo). L'Uomo e l'Ambiente 16: 99-119.

CORTINI PEDROTTI C., ALEFFI М. & ESPOSITO E., 1993 - Contributo alla Flora Briologica del

Massiccio del Monte Cervati. Inform. Вог, Ital. 25(2-3): 157-168.

CRUNDWELL A.C. & WHITEHOUSE H.L.K., 1976 - Tortula bolanderi (Lesq. & James) Howe in

France, new to Europe. J. Bryol. 9: 13-15.

DIRKSE G.M., BOUMAN А.С. & LOSADA-LIMA A., 1993 - Bryophytes of the Canary Islands, an

annotated checklist. Cryprogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 14(1): 1-108.

DIA MG., MICELI С. & NOT R., 1985 - Check-list delle Epatiche note in Sicilia. Webbia 39(1):

163-177

Source : MNHN, Paris

110 T.L. BLOCKEEL

DIA MG., MICELI С. & RAIMONDO F.M., 1987 - Check-list dei Muschi noti in Sicilia. Webbia

41(1): 61-123.

DULL R., 1992 - Distribution of the European and Macaronesian mosses (Bryophytina), Annotations

and progress. Bryol. Beitr. 8/9: 1-223.

GIORDANO G.C., 1871 - Prima contribuzione alla flora briologica napolitana. Bull. Naturalisti

Medici 2: 10-16.

GROLLE R., 1983 - Hepatics of Europe including the Azores; an annotated list of species, with

synonyms from the recent literature. J. Bryol. 12: 403-459.

LEVIER Е. 1905 - Appunti di briologia italiana. Primo elenco (Musci frondosi). Boll. Soc. Bor. Ital

3-4: 115-125.

TOWNSEND C.C., 1994 - Some interesting mosses from the South Tyrol (Italy). Bull. Brit. Bryol.

Soc. 63: 49-53.

VILLARI R., ROSSITTO M, DIA M.G. & GRAMUGLIO G., 1980 - Le briofite sicule dell'Erbario

messinese (MS). Pubbl. Ist. Orto Bot. Univ. Messina: 1-37.

ZODDA G., 1907 - Le briofite del messinese. Contribuzione II. Ann. Bot. (Rome). 6: 237-269.

ZODDA С. 1913 - Le briofite del messinese. Contribuzione IV. Ann. Bot. (Rome). 11: 253-280.

Source : MNHN, Paris

Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 1995, 16 (2): 111-123 in

А NEW FRULLANIA SPECIES (TRACHYCOLEA)

FROM PORTUGAL AND MACARONESIA,

FRULLANIA AZORICA SP. NOV.

M. SIM-SIM, C. SERGIO’, R. MUES & L. KRAUT?

"Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciéncias de Lisboa,

Rua da Escola Politécnica, 1294 Lisboa Codex, Portugal

* Fachbereich 13 Botanik, Universitit des Saarlandes,

D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany

ABSTRACT - Observations on the morphology combined with computer-assisted analyses of

phenetics (principal component analysis) as well as chemical detection and isolation of flavonoid and

terpenoid compounds, have confirmed the existence of a new species, Frullania azorica. Frullania

azorica is maintained within the subgenus Trachycolea, where it is possibly closely related to F.

eboracensis though not easily separated from sterile forms of F. dilatata. The species occurs in

Portugal and the Atlantic Islands (Azores, Madeira and Canaries).

In 1894 Tavares Carreiro collected material of a Frullania on S. Miguel Island,

Azores, which was named by Corbière as "F. azorica. sp. nov." in herb. Machado.

However, the name was not validly published, nor was a holotype designated.

Following a revision of Frullania specimens from the Azores, Madeira, the Canary

Islands and one locality in Portugal (Serra da Estrela where the species was collected in

1910-1915 by Luisier and determined as F. dilatata (L.) Dum.), Sérgio (1985 a, b)

concluded that some populations were similar to the hepatic studied by Corbiêre, and

were conspecific with F. muscicola Steph. from Asia. Sérgio (1985 b) also concluded

that Е. muscicola is related to F. cesariana from the southern belt of the Alps in

Europe. F. muscicola is a polymorphic taxon with a wide distribution in Asia (China,

Japan, Korea and India) and includes several forms and subspecies (Kamimura 1961,

Hattori 1974).

In 1989 Bisang et al. considered F. muscicola from Macaronesia and Asia as a

variety of F. cesatiana De Not.

In clarifying the taxonomic positon of the new species, biochemical technics

proved to be of considerable importance, providing the isolation and identification of

the main flavonoid and terpenoid compounds of this taxon and the determination of the

general pattern in related taxa (Kraut 1993, Kraut ef al. 1993, 1994, 1995), as well as

tevealing preliminary isoenzymatic affinities between related taxa.

Source : MNHN. Paris

112 М. SIM-SIM et al.

Statistical multivariate analysis of morphological characters, together with the

use of classical methods, was decisive in determining the taxonomic position of the

new species (Sim-Sim 1995).

We consider that the present observations support the recognition of F. azorica

as a new species of the Trachycolea subgenus.

FRULLANIA AZORICA SIM-SIM, SERGIO, MUES & KRAUT SP. NOV.

[Figs. 1 - 2]

Holotypus: Azores, Terceira, Porto Martins, Praia da Vitória, Gabriel &

Borges, s.n., 16.02.1991, LISU 156109. - Paratypes: Azores, Terceira, Praia da

Vitória, Dias, 15.12.1990, LISU 156110; Azores, Terceira, Porto Martins, Dias,

12.1990, LISU 156108; Azores, Pico das Canas, Carreiro, 28.07.1894, hb. Carlos

Machado, sub F. azorica Corb. (nom. herb.), AZ, dupl. CHER; Madeira, Boaventura,

Sitio do Silveira, 11.10.90, Sim-Sim et al., LISU 156118. - Synonyms: Frullania

muscicola sensu Sérgio, Portug. Acta Biol. (В) 14: 161-167, 1985, non Steph.;

Frullania cesatiana De Not. var. muscicola (Steph.) Bisang et al. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 122

(5-6): 255-266, 1988, p.p.

Planta mediocris, irregulariter ramosa; lobi foliorum caulinorum imbricati,

concavi, ovati-oblongi, apice rotundati, basi dorsali arcuati (haud auriculati vel

appendiculati), cellulis medianis, trigonis magnis, triangulatis vel nodulosis, lobulis

cucullatis raro explanatis; styli mediocres, ad 4-7 cellulas longi, 6-10 cellulas lati ad

basim, amphigastria transverse inserta, distantia, fere duplo latiora quam longa, saepe

dente laterali armata, 1/2 bifida, lobis subtriangularibus, acutis.

Plantae dioicae. Androecia in ramis brevibus lateralibus, bracteis compactis, 5-

12 jugatis. Gynoecia terminalia in caule vel ramo; lobus bracteae intimae oblongus,

apice obtusus, lobulo breviter connato, oblongo, margine dentato, profunde bifido,

lobis lanceolatis, ad apicem attenuatis; perianthium 1/2 exsertum, late pyriforme (apice

late subtruncatum), 4-carinatum (2 carinis ventralibus, 2 lateralibus) carina

irregulariter undulato-crenulata. Sporae orbiculares ad oblongae, 34-67 um diametro

longae.

Plants medium sized to robust, dull deep green to brown, in small to large mats,

closely adnate to the substrate, leafy shoots 1.0-2.5 cm long and (700-) 990 (-1500) um

wide, irregularly 1(2)-pinnate, stems (90-) 115 (-150) pm in diameter. Leaves closely

imbricate, lobes strongly overlapping the stem. Dorsal lobes broadly oval to oblong,

longer than wide, concave, rounded at apex, rounded base extending slightly beyond the

stem only on the farther side, (460-) 700 (-1050) x (380-) 550 (-700) um. Lobules

galeate, erect, parallel and lying contiguous to the stem, normally inflated, as long as

wide, with the postical portion slightly longer, mouth open-truncate not rostrate, rarely

explanate, (120-) 210 (-350) x (130-) 200 (-310) um. Stylus subulate, large (80-) 113

(-160) um, 3-6 cells wide below and 4-7 cells uniseriate, ending in a mucilaginous cell.

Cells of lobe margin 15-20 um, isodiametric, median cells oval to polygonal, (15-) 24

(32) x (11) 18 (-25) рт, with strongly confluent trigones and intermediate

Source : MNHN, Paris

FRULLANIA AZORICA SP. NOV. 113

---аз

Fig. 1. - Frullania azorica, A, B - Male and female gametophyte with male branches and perianths;

C, D, E - Gametophyte segments; Е - Spores; G - Innermost pair of bracts and bracteole; Н -

Perianths; I - Perianths sections; J - Gametophyte segment; К - Stylus; L - Underleaves; M - Basal

cells from dorsal lobe; N - Gemmae from dorsal lobe marginal cells; O - Median cells from dorsal

lobe; P - Median cells from dorsal lobe. (Scale in um). - All from the Holotype, excluding J - L and

N, Sim-Sim de Sérgio, 10.12.90, LISU 156114.

Source : MNHN, Paris

14 М. SIM-SIM et al.

дон

Fig. 2. - A - F: Frullania azorica. A - Gametophyte segment; В - Gynoecium; C - Gametophyte

segment; D - Gynoecium; E - Pair of spores; Е - Spore; С: Frullania eboracensis. G - Spore. (Scale:

A, D - 400 um; В - 500 pm; С - 200 um; E - 20 um; Е, © - 10 um. АП from the Holotype, excluding

G, Greene & Ducan, 1991 (LISU).

thickenings; cells in middle of lobule isodiametric to suboval, (11-) 16 (-23) x (11-) 16

(-23) um. Oil bodies suboval to oval, granular-botryoidal, 3-6 per cell. Ocelli absent.

Source - MNHN, Paris

FRULLANIA AZORICA SP. NOV. 115

Underleaves remote, subquadrate, 2 x stem width, са. 0.3-0.5 bifid, with acute lobes,

margins 1-2 acutely dentate with 3-4 cells on each side, cuneately narrowed to base,

(150-) 230 (-380) x (150-) 238 (-360) um; middle cells slightly longer, (14-) 20 (-27) x

(10-) 13 (-18) um. Rhizoids in small fascicles from middle cells of underleaves.

Hemiphyll as long as broad, (190-) 250 (-400) x (150-) 220 (-360) um, dorsal lamina

lanceolate, ventral lamina oval, unequally bilobed, with one of the lobes corresponding

to a stylus of 6-8 cells, ending in a mucilaginous cell. Asexual reproduction frequent by

multicellular gemmae, produced on leaf margins, underleaves and stem.

Dioecious. Male plants of the same size, pinnate, androecia on short lateral

branches, subsessile, subcylindric, dorsiventrally compressed, compact, with 5-12 pairs

of bilobed bracts; basal pair with lanceolate lobule and a bracteole, (500-) 998 (-2200)

x (400-) 680 (-1100) um. Gynoecia terminal on leading shoots or short lateral branches.

Bracts in 3-4 pairs asymmetrically bilobed. Innermost bract (780-) 920 (-1200) x (580-)

740 (-860) um, with 2 lobes, dorsal lobe oblong to suborbicular, rounded at apex,

entire; lobule oblong-lanceolate, acute, margin revolute with a strongly lanceolate

segment on ventral margin and a long stylus ending in a mucilaginous cell, near base;

bracteole (600-) 740 (-900) x (300-) 370 (-450) um, shortly connate with bract lobules

at both sides, oblong to suboblong, 0.5-0.75 bilobed, the lobes triangular and sharp,

with 2 strong styli each ending in a mucilaginous cell, near base. Perianth half exserted,

(1000-) 1320 (-1700) х (800-) 1196 (-1700) рт, pyriform, approximately as long as

wide, dorsiventrally compressed, subtrapezoidal, weekly tuberculate with crenulate

verrucose keels; 2 lateral keels, and 2 broad and strong ventral keels, often with 1-2

small additional keels; wall of median cells irregular with trigones, (17-) 30 (-45) um;

truncate at apex, quickly narrowed into a short subcylindric beak, (70-) 97 (-150) x

(57-) 78 (-100) um, with smooth opening. Capsule globose, inner cell layer with long

cells, (25-) 42 (-60) um, spores globose, (34-) 50 (-67) um, with 7-8 rosettes of 4.5-

5.0 um in the equatorial diameter, consisting of 5-6 subtriangular outgrowths, 1,5-3.8

um, not reaching the central part where one outgrowth is differentiated; elaters 1-

spiral, trumpet shaped, (200-) 300 (-400) x (8-) 14 (-20) ит.

For the nomenclature of this species, we have adopted the specific epithet

applied by Corbière as herbarium name for the S. Miguel collection. The holotype and

three paratypes were selected from specimens material from the Azores and Madeira,

with well developed populations with sporophytes and mature spores. The sample

studied by Corbiére is designated as a paratype.

Morphological and chemical data

The new taxon belongs to a group of closely related species, the Frullania

dilatata - F. muscicola - F. eboracensis complex, which shows its wide geographic

distribution and requires revision using modern biochemical techniques as a

complement to morphological criteria (Schuster 1992).

The present investigation was initiated as an exploratory study of the variation

in this complex. Forty seven specimens (10 of F. azorica from Madeira, 23 of F.

dilatata from Portugal and Madeira, 7 of F. eboracensis from North America and 7 of

F. muscicola from Japan) constitute the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) whose

Source : MNHN, Paris

911

"RR WIS-WIS A

F. dilatata F. azorica F. eboracensis F. muscicola F. cesatiana

Cell wall not sinuous not sinuous sinuous not sinuous not sinuous

with trigones with trigones with trigones with trigones with small trigones

Stylus large large small small small

lanceolate subulate lanceolate filiform filiform

8-10 cells below 3-6 cells below 2-3 cells below 2-3 cells below 2-3 cells below

Underleaves | with acute lobes with acute lobes with subacute to blunt with suacute to acute with blunt lobes

1-2 blunt teeth on 1-2bluntteeth on [lobes, margin entire lobes, 1-2-3 acute or blunt — [lateral margin entire

lateral margin lateral margin or with 1 blunt tooth teeth on lateral margin

Lobules large, not rostrate large, not rostrate — | small, not rostrate large, with small rostrum ` |small, not rostrate

Hemiphyll | ventral lamina ventral lamina ventral lamina ventral lamina ventral lamina

with stylus with stylus without stylus without stylus ith minute stylus

Bracts and ` [margin weakly margin strongly margin weakly margin weakly to weakly ?

Bracteoles — [dentate dentate dentate moderately dentate

Perianth allways tuberculate [wcaklytuberculate (not or weakly tuberculate — | weakly tuberculate

not dorsiventrally on keels, on keels, not dorsiventrally | on keels, dorsiventrally

‘compressed with ‘compressed with compressed with compressed with

1 ventral keel 2 broad ventral kcels | 1-2-3 ventral ridges 2 broad ventral keels

Spores surface with surface with surface without surface with ti

rosettes rosettes rosettes

rosettes

Table 1. Diagnostic characters of the Frullania species studied.

Source : MNHN. Paris

FRULLANIA AZORICA SP. МОУ. 117

relationships were investigated. Frullania cesatiana was not considered as it lacked

reproductive structures. The data consisted of 53 morphological characters scored for

each of 47 OTUs. Both quantitative and qualitative characters from the morphology of

Frullania were defined. The quantitative characters represent sample means for each

OTU.

Measurements were taken from approximately the same position on the plant

for each specimen and included the length and width of the dorsal and ventral lobes,

stylus, hemiphyll, underleaves, median cells, perianths and perianth wall cells, capsules

and inner wall cells, elaters and spores. The qualitative characters were binary coded

and complement the quantitative characters used in the phenetic analysis. Among the

characters considered were the form of the lobe apex and base, the type of lobule, the

extent of revoluteness along the margins of the underleaves, the length of the sinus and

the underleaf base, perianth morphology, as well as the rosette pattern along the

equatorial walls of the spores.

The data were analyzed using NT-SYS (Rohlf 1992). The first three principal

component axes account for 46% of the total character variation. This analysis supports

the recognition of the four species of Frullania. Е. azorica and Е. muscicola are well

separated from each other and from the remaining taxa (Fig. 3). Frullania dilatata and

Е. azorica are more similar to each other, an outlier ОТО of F. dilatata was found,

corresponding to a plant with a stylus similar to that of F. azorica, However the

perianth features and the flavonoid analysis revealed a general pattern characteristic of

Е. azorica.

Up to the present, F. azorica has been considered conspecific with F. muscicola

from Asia. The study of several samples from Asia, including the holotype from

Yunnan, China, confirmed the large morphological variation of the Asiatic taxon, and

the detection of distinct and stable characters for both species (Table 1). This is also

supported by the different flavonoid patterns found in the two taxa as well as by

differences in the main terpenoid compounds (Kraut 1993, Kraut et al. 1993) (Table 2).

Morphologically F. azorica is not a highly variable species as other

Trachycolea species, though a certain variation in the dimensions and morphology of

stylus and underleaves was observed. When sterile its distinction from atypical forms

of F. dilatata may be difficult. However, Е. azorica can be distinguished from F.

dilatata by the diagnostic characters listed in Table 1, and the main flavoid compounds

(Table 2).

Е. cesatiana is a small and fragile species from the Italian-Swiss lakes region,

and has never been collected with sporophytes. It is a taxon that seems to have

developed separately, in a restricted region with a warm and rainy season . The study of

several samples of F. cesatiana has made possible the recognition of its morphological

distance from F. azorica (Table 1), The main flavonoid composition of the two, is also

different from all the other taxa studied (Kraut 1993, Kraut et al. 1993, Kraut et al.

1995), (Table 2).

F. eboracensis Gottsche is a variable taxon with a wide distribution in eastern

North America, and is as ecologically diversified as F. dilatata (L.) Dum. is in Europe

(Schuster 1992), including subsp. virginica and subsp. parvistipula from Japan.

However F. parvistipula Steph. is considered an independent species in Europe by

Source : MNHN, Paris

118 M. SIM-SIM et al.

AUN-

a=100 b= 30 r=99.0

Fig. 3.- Projections of OTUs on the first three principal component analysis factors of 53 characters,

explaining 46% of the total variance. 1= F. azorica; 2= F. dilatata; 3= Р. muscicola; 4= F.

eboracensis. - a: the rotation angle around the Z-axis in degrees; b: the TILT angle around the X-

axis in degrees; r: the distance, rho, from the observer to the object. The minimum is 0,01.

Source : MNHN, Paris

F.diatata* | F.azorica | Е. eboracensis | F. muscicola | F. cesatiana

COMPOUNDS

Free flavone aglicones + E 2 -

6-OH -luteolin-O-glycosides (including acylated derivatives)

6-OH-luteolin-type + + + = =

luteolin-type * * * : E

scutellarein-type - * + Е E

flavone-di-O-glycosides (including acylated derivatives) z

6-OH-luteolin-type - - - E * E

luteolin type. * E : 3 >

flavone-C-glycosides - - + + а

| glycerol glycosides acylated with phenylpropanoic acid 2 - + E 2 >

sesquiterpene lactones 5

eudesmanolides + + + ? * E

eremophilanolides + + 2 2 2 2

bibenzyl derivatives а

bibenzyls + 2 2 ? ? z

3-benzylphthalides - * a 2 2 2

+ compound type isolated and identified.

- compound type not detected.

? presence of compound type according to TLC and/or GC, but not isolated and identified.

* data regarding terpenoids and bibenzyls of Е. dilatata according to Asakawa (1982) and Nagashima er al. (1994).

Table 2. Major types of secondary compounds detected in Frullania species studied.

Source : MNHN, Paris

120 М. SIM-SIM et al.

Rüegsegger (1986). Е. eboracensis can also be distinguished from F. azorica by a

group of characters mentioned in Table 1, but mainly by spore-wall ornamentation,

which is different from that in all other species of the complex (Fig. 2).

As regards biochemistry, flavonoid and terpenoid analysis of both taxa has

revealed almost the same qualitative composition for the main compounds (Kraut 1993,

Kraut et al. 1993, Kraut er al. 1995). The preliminary isoenzymatic analysis of acid

phosphatase and glutamate dehydrogenase, together with classical taxonomic methods

and phenetic analysis (Fig. 3), proved to be important and decisive in distinguishing F.

eboracensis and Е. azorica.

Е. azorica was also compared with F. obscurifolia Mitt., a variable taxon from

Africa (Vanden-Berghen 1976). This species was confirmed as belonging to the same

subgenus, but can be separated mainly by the presence of longer leaf lobules, broader

underleaves and female bracts and bracteoles with weakly dentate margins.

According to Schuster (1966) Frullania is a "modern" group of liverwort

species, with a relatively high "success" rate in the evolution of endemic species.

Actually F. azorica is restricted to Macaronesia, where the number of endemic species

is high (Sunding 1973).

The flavonoid resemblance between F. azorica and F. eboracensis, might

indicate evolution from a common ancestor. Macaronesia originated in the Tertiary and

it is assumed that the Azores have been influenced by the American continent, while

Madeira has been mainly influenced by Europe. F. dilatata has not been reported for

the Azores, where F. azorica is frequent. In Madeira both F. dilatata and F. azorica are

frequent.

Shaw (1985) comments that the differences in geographic pattern support

taxonomic separation and the ranges reflect different evolutionary origins for the taxa

and imply past, if not present, genetic differentiation, especially when considered in

conjunction with morphological discontinuities.

Ecology

The present ecological data refer mainly to Macaronesian plants. Frullania

azorica usually develops near the sea, on exposed rocks covered with a thin layer of

soil but can be also found as epiphyte (Sim-Sim & Sérgio 1992).

It is an early colonist element, forming more or less extense colonies on coastal

basaltic rocks, or on tree trunks. In the loc. class. it grows associated with Roccella

species.

In Madeira and Porto Santo, the colonies do not exceed 10 cm in diameter. It

can be considered а xeromesophilous element, found sometimes in open places in

Laurisilva forest on Madeira. On these islands it develops in association with other

bryophyte species such as F. dilatata, Е. tamarisci (L.) Dum, Е. ericoides (Nees)

Mont., Plagiochila killarniensis Pears., Homalothecium sericeum (Brid.) Broth. and

Leucodon canariensis (Brid.) Schwaegr., growing mainly on Ocotea foetens (Ait.)

Benth. & Hook. f. and Laurus azorica (Seub.) Franco.

Source - MNHN, Paris

FRULLANIA AZORICA SP. NOV. 121

Distribution

It is known from the Atlantic Islands, Madeira, Azores and Canárias. In the

beginning of the century it was collected in Portugal, Serra da Estrela, where it couldn't

be found again. It's presence in Spain is not confirmed, as it corresponds to sterile

samples only (Fig. 4).

Fig. 4. - European distribution of F. azorica.

Representative specimens examined

Portugal- Beira Alta, Serra da Estrela, 1915-1910, Luisier, LISU 53198.

Azores- Terceira, Praia da Vitória, 1991.02.23, Gabriel & Borges, LISU 156111

Madeira- Entre os Prazeres e о Paul do Mar, BB9225, 550 m, 1992.11.03, Sérgio et al. 7856, LISU,

МАР) 2369; Entre Lombada dos Cedros е S. João, ВВ9228, 670 m, 1990.10.13, Sim-Sim et aL,

LISU 156115; Prazeres, Lombo do Coelho, BB9326, 650 m, 1990.10.10, Sim-Sim et al, LISU

156117; Prazeres, próximo de Ribeira Seca, BB9426, 620 m, 1990.10.10, Sim-Sim et aL, LISU

156116; Deserta Grande, subida da doca, СА59, 1984.05.17, Nóbrega, LISU; Levada dos Piornais,

Ribeira dos Socorridos, CB0034, 200 M, 1990.02.22, Fontinha, MADJ 1809; Seixal, Chao da

Ribeira, CB0231, 450 m, 1982.12.01, Nóbrega, MADJ 956, LISU; Ribeira de João Delgado,

Lombinho do Seixal, CB0430, 1 000-1 200 m, 1988.07.13, Nóbrega, MADJ 952; Entre Ribeira do

Inferno e Espigáo de S. Vicente, CB0630, 500-600 m, 1989.01.31, Nóbrega, MADJ 1463; Ribeira

Grande de S. Vicente, CB1326, 800 m, 1989.07.18, Fontinha, MADJ 1566; Boaventura, Sítio do

Silveira, CB1632, 250 m, 1990.04.26, Fontinha, МАГ] 2000; Levada dos Tomos, Palheiro Ferreiro,

CB2018, 600 m, 1989.10.10, Fontinha, MADJ 1696; Engenho Velho de S. Jorge, CB2233,

1990.10.12, Sim-Sim et al., LISU 156114; Casa do Sardinha, CB4223, 100 m, 1990.01.15, Sérgio de

Sim-Sim, LISU 156112; Porto Santo, Pico do Facho, CB3621, 300 m, 1990.10.09, Sim-Sim & Sérgio,

LISU; Porto Santo, Pico Castelo, CB7560, 350 m, 1990.10.27, Sim-Sim et al., LISU 156121.

Source : MNHN, Paris

122 М. SIM-SIM et al.

Canary Islands- Gran Canaria, 1989.03.18, Dirkse 6902; Gran Canaria, 1989.03.30. Dirkse 6966;

Fuerteventura, 1992.02.17, Dirkse 6900,

Acknowledgments - We thank the curators of the following herbaria: AZ, CHER, б, MADJ, MO,

NICH, МУ, PC, RIN, TFC for the loan of specimens, including type materials. For their help in

supplying living populations we are grateful to Dr. М. G. Miller and Dr, N. G. Slack and to our

colleagues В. Gabriel and $. Fontinha from Azores and Madeira Islands. Dr, H. Bischler is gratefully

acknowledged for her assistance with the isoenzymatic analysis. We also thank Dr. F. Rego for his

help with the phenetic analysis and Dr. Harrington for the English text revision, The support of the

DAAD (Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst), permitted М. Sim-Sim to spend a three-month

research term at the University of Saarland, Saarbrücken. We are very grateful to Dr. В. Grolle for

helpful comments on earlier version of the manuscript.

REFERENCES

ASAKAWA Y., 1982, - Chemical constituents of the Hepaticae. In: Herz H., Grisebach H., & Kirby

G. W. (eds.). Progress in the chemistry of organic natural products 2: 1-285. Wien, New

York. Springer-Verlag.

BISANG I., SCHUMACKER R., SERGIO С. & GROLLE R., 1989 - Clé d'identification des espéces

du genre Frullania Raddi (Hepaticae) en Europe et en Macaronésie. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 122 (5-

6): 255-266.

HATTORI S., 1974 - Notes on the Asiatic species of the genus Frullania, Hepaticae V. J. Hattori

Bot. Lab, 38: 185-221.

KAMIMURA М. 1961- А monograph of Japanese Frullaniaceae. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 24: 1-109.

KRAUT L., 1993 - Chemische und chemotaxonomische Untersuchungen an Arten der Lebermoos-

gattung Frullania Raddi. Ph. D. Dissertation, Universität des Saarlandes.

KRAUT L., MUES В. & SIM-SIM М, 1993 - Acylated flavone and glycerol glucosides from two

Frullania species. Phytochemistry 34 (1): 211-218.

KRAUT L, MUES В. & SIM-SIM М, 1994 - Sesquiterpene lactones and 3-benzylphthalides from

Frullania muscicola, Phytochemistry 37 (5): 1337-1346.

KRAUT L, SCHERER B., MUES В. & SIM-SIM M, 1995 - Flavonoids from some Frullania

species (Hepaticae). 7. Naturforsch. (in press).

NAGASHIMA F, ТАКАОКА S, HUNECK S. & ASAKAWA Y., 1994 - Rearranged ent-

eudesmane- and ent-eremophilane-type sesquiterpenoids from the liverwort Frullania

dilatata. Phytochemistry 37: 1317-1321.

ROHLE F. 1, 1992 - NT-SYS version 1,7. Numerical taxonomy and multivariate statistical system.

New York, Stony Brook: State University.

RUEGSEGGER F. 1986 - Frullania parvistipula Steph. (Hepaticae) neu für die Schweiz. Bot

Helvet, 96 (1): 61-71.

SCHUSTER R. М. 1966 - The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America, East of the hundredth

Meridian. Vol. 1. New York: Columbia University Press.

SCHUSTER В. М. 1992 - The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America. Vol. 5. Chicago:

Field Museum of Natural History.

SERGIO С., 1985 a - Considerações sobre a presença de Frullania muscicola Steph. е Frullania

ericoides (Nees) Mont. nos Azores e Madeira. In: Notulae Bryoflorae Macaronesicae I

Portug. Acta Biol. (B) 14: 161-180.

Source - MNHN, Paris

FRULLANIA AZORICA SP. МОУ. 123

SERGIO C., 1985 b - Duas novas espécies de Frullania para a brioflora de Portugal. In: Notulae

Bryoflorae Lusitanicae I. Portug. Acta Biol. (В) 14: 181-184.

SHAW J., 1985 - The relevance of ecology to species concepts in bryophytes. The Bryologist 88 (3):

199-206.

SIM-SIM M. & SERGIO C., 1992 - Estudo taxonómico e corológico do género Frullania Raddi no

Arquipélago da Madeira. Portug. Acta Biol. (B) 16: 147-172.

SIM-SIM M., 1995 - O género Frullania em Portugal e na Madeira, Estudo biosistemático, ecológico

e corológico. Ph. D. dissertation, Universidade de Lisboa (in prep.).

SUNDING P., 1973 - Endemism in the flora of the Cape Verde Islands, with special emphasis on the

Macaronesian flora elements. Monogr. Biol. Canar. 4: 112-117.

VANDEN BERGHEN C., 1976 - Frullaniaceae (Hepaticae) africaine. Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belgique

46: 1-200.

Source : MNHN, Paris

Cryptogamie, Bryol.Lichénol. 1995, 16 (2): 125-135 125

GYPSIFEROUS OUTCROPS IN SE SPAIN, REFUGES

OF RARE, VULNERABLE AND ENDANGERED BRYOPHYTES

AND LICHENS

Juan GUERRA‘, Rosa Maria ROS’, María Jesús САМО! & Manuel CASARES?

‘Departamento de Biologia Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología,

Universidad de Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain

"Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Farmacia,

Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain

ABSTRACT - After studying the bryophyte and lichen flora of the gypsiferous outcrops of SE Spain,

itis becoming clear that these sites are important as a refuge for rare, vulnerable and endangered

species. Twenty one bryophyte taxa and 17 lichen taxa, about 20% of the total bryophyte and lichen

flora, are rare or endemic species, which live exclusively or almost exclusively on gypsiferous

substrates. It is proposed that 14 areas should be protected since all of these species grow there.

Finally the different impacts that affect these outcrops in the SE of Spain are analysed.

RESUMEN - Tras un prolongado estudio realizado sobre la flora briológica y liquénica de los

afloramientos yesíferos del sudeste de la Península Ibérica, se llega a la conclusión de que éstos

resultan ser importantes refugios para especies raras, amenazadas y en peligro de extinción

Veintiuna especies de briófitos y 17 de líquenes, alrededor del 20% de la flora brio-liquénica de estos

territorios, son especies raras o endémicas que viven, casi o exclusivamente, en sustratos yesíferos.

Se proponen 14 áreas que deberían ser protegidas para conservar estas especies y se analizan, por

último, los impactos más frecuentes que afectan estos hábitats.

KEY WORDS: Bryophytes, Lichens, southeast Spain, gypsiferous soils, threatened species.

INTRODUCTION

The most important gypsiferous outcrops of Spain coincide more or less with

the great Tertiary depressions. These are the outcrops of Duero, Ebro and Tajo, of

which the last two are quite similar from a floristic point of view. Another very

important outcrop reaches, almost without interruption, from the coast of Almeria to

the interior region of the depression of Baza (province of Granada). Other, less

extensive outcrops can be found in the provinces of Murcia, Albacete and Alicante.

During the Miocene a great transgression of the Mediterranean Sea took place, invading

many parts of the Mediterranean coast and connecting the Mediterranean broadly with

the Atlantic Ocean. The later regression in the same period caused a crisis of salinity in

the Mediterranean Sea, since it left behind isolated or poorly communicating basins. In

Source : MNHN, Paris

өс

TER УМПО Y

20000m D

Source - MNHN. Paris

BRYOPHYTES AND LICHENS IN SE SPAIN 127

these hypersaline basins the deposition of gypsum and other evaporite stone ocurred,

since the water evaporated and the salts precipitated. This is the origin of the numerous

gypsiferous outcrops of southeast Spain. The largest ones and those with the major

floristic importance are shown in Figure 1.

The dominant vegetation is formed by open scrub and thyme formations that

grow on haplic gypsisols and petrogypsic gypsisols (FAO-UNESCO 1988). Numerous

species of chamaephytes and nanophanerophytes that form these scrubs are endemic in

these zones, for example Helianthemum squamatum (L.) Dum. Cours, Lepidium

subulatum L., Ononis tridentata L., Helianthemum alypoides Losa & Rivas Goday,

Teucrium balthazaris Sennen and Herniaria fruticosa L.. The annual precipitation of

these regions, which are situated in the thermomediterranean or mesomediterranean

belt (cf. Rivas-Martinez 1988) is the lowest of the Iberian Peninsula, reaching from 200

to 300 mm. This gives a semiarid ombroclimate.

During the last eight years we have studied the bryophyte and lichen flora of

southeast Spain. This area includes the gypsiferous outcrops and supports the major

biodiversity in arid zones of the Iberian Peninsula in respect of bryophytes and lichens,

More than 100 bryophyte and 80 lichen taxa have been identified (cf. Ros & Guerra

1987, Martínez-Sánchez et al. 1991, Guerra er al. 1990, 1992, 1993a, 1993b, Casares &

Gutiérrez-Carretero 1993). In this article we want to show the importance of the

gypsiferous outcrops of the spanish SE as refuges of the rare bryophyte and lichen

species that will be listed below. In order to indicate the degree of danger to which the

species are exposed in their habitats, we use the categories proposed by the IUCN: rare

(R), vulnerable (V) and endangered (E). Furthermore we take in consideration the

observations made by Schumacker (1992).

RESULTS

Bryophytes

Acaulon casasianum Brugués & Crum - Described from gypsiferous soils of the NE of

the Iberian Peninsula (Brugués & Crum 1984), its presence in the gypsiferous areas of

SE Spain confirms its clear preference for soils of this type. Not known from outside

the Iberian Peninsula or from other types of substratum, it can be considered an Iberian

endemic. (V).

Figure 1. Geographic situation of the gypsiferous outcrops. 1: УШепа (Alicante), XH8274, DM. 2:

Agramón (Albacete), XH2060, SM. 3: Cerro de la Rosa (Murcia), XH5555, SM. 4: Pinoso (Alicante),

XH7350, SM. 5: Campello (Alicante), YH0671, ST. 6: Cañara (Murcia), XH0820, SM. 7: Lorca

(Murcia), WH9402, SM. 8: Sorbas-Los Castafios (Almería), WG7903 and WG8409, ST. 9: Venta

Los Yesos (Almeria), XG6203, SM. 10: Yesoncillo de Enmedio (Almeria), WG4300, ST. 11; Cerro

de las Cuevas (Almeria), WF8498 and WF8697, ST. 12: Cuevas de los Medinas (Almeria), WF6283,

ST. 13: Galera (Granada), WG3976, DM. 14: Benamaurel (Granada), WG3069, DM. Biocliomatic

belt: DM=dry mesomediterranean, SM=semiarid mesomediterranean, ST=semiarid thermomedi-

terranean.

Source : MNHN, Paris

128 J. GUERRA et al.

Acaulon dertosense Casas, Sérgio, Cros & Brugués - Described from Catalonia (Spain)

(cf. Casas et al. 1986), this is a relatively frequent species found on almost all of the

gypsiferous soils studied in the SE of Spain. Its distribution in the Iberian Peninsula is

not well known yet, but it appears at various localities of the Spanish east coast, from

Tarragona to Almerfa. It can be considered an Iberian endemic which shows a clear

preference of loamy-gypsiferous soils. (R).

Aloina bifrons (De Not.) Delg. - This is a species with a poorly known distribution in

Europe, probably due to its rarity (cf. Düll 1984), although there are more precise data

concerning its presence in Asia Minor, South Africa and North America. In the Iberian

Peninsula it can be found frequently, but only on dry gypsiferous or loamy-gypsiferous

soils, especially in SE regions with an arid or semiarid ombroclimate. (В).

Crossidium aberrans Holz. & Bartr. - Discovered in Europe by Ros & Guerra (1986)

on gypsiferous soils, this species has later been recorded from various points in the

Iberian Peninsula, but almost every time on gypsiferous or loamy-gypsiferous soils. In

the rest of Europe it is known only in France (cf. Pierrot 1986). (R).

Crossidium laevipilum Thér.& Trab. - Known from the N of Africa (Thériot 1931),

Israel, Jordan (Frey & Kürnschner 1991) and in Europe from the Iberian Peninsula

(Cano et al. 1993, Casas et al. 1993). In the spanish SE it grows on gypsiferous soils of

the most arid zones. (R).

Crossidium seriatum Crum & Steere - Up to now this species is only known from the

American Continent (cf. Crum & Steere 1958, Zander 1977, Stark & Whitemore 1992)

and from the Iberian Peninsula, where it is frequent on gypsiferous soils in somewhat

continental areas of southeast Spain (cf. Cano et al. 1992). (В).

Didymodon aaronis (Lor.) Guerra - An Irano-Turanian species, known from Israel,

Jordan, Iran, Iraq and Egypt (cf. Agnew & Townsend 1970, Agnew & Vondracek 1975,

Frey & Kiirschner 1983). In Europe it is only known from the provinces of Murcia,

Alicante (unpublished) and Almerfa, in SE Spain. It has always been found on

gypsiferous or loamy-gypsiferous substrates that are more or less nitrogen-enriched (cf.

Guerra & Ros 1987). (К).

Enthostodon hungaricus (Boros) Loeske - A species recorded from the steppes of

eastern Europe (Boros 1924) and from Israel (Herrnstadt er al. 1991). It presents a

disjunction in the Iberian Peninsula. It is found exclusively on saline soils in

gypsiferous depressions or near saline lagoons. It is known from Los Monegros (Casas

& Brugués 1978), from Las Bárdenas (Fuertes & García-Gómez 1981), from south of

Madrid (Brugués & Cros 1986) and from the SE of the Iberian Peninsula in the

Provinces of Alicante (cf. Guerra et al. 1989) and Granada (unpublished). (E).

Grimmia mesopotamica Schifín. - Known from Israel, Jordan, Iraq (Frey & Kürschner

1991b) and from the Republic of Turkmenia (former USSR) (Abramova & Abramov

1988). In Europe it has been found at one site at Almería (Spain), where it colonizes

rocks and slopes of gypsum under a semiarid climate (cf. Guerra er al. 19932). (V).

Source : MNHN, Paris

BRYOPHYTES AND LICHENS IN SE SPAIN 129

Gymnostomum lanceolatum Cano, Ros & Guerra - Up to now only known from the

Iberian Peninsula, it occurs at various sites at Almería and Alicante (cf, Cano et al.

1994a). It grows on gypsiferous slopes protected by chamaephytes. (R).

Phascum cuynetii Biz. & Pierrot - Only known from the SE of the Iberian Peninsula

(Alicante and Almería) (cf. Bizot et al. 1970, Guerra et al. 1991), this species can at

present be considered an Iberian endemic. It is a terricolous species with a clear

preference for loamy and gypsiferous soils. (V).

Phascum longipes Guerra, Martinez & Ros - An Iberian endemic described by Guerra

et al, (1990) from gypsiferous outcrops of the province of Almería. One other locality

in the NE of Spain is known (unpublished). (V).

Phascum piptocarpum Dur. & Mont. in Mont. - This species is known only from one

site in north Africa (Montagne 1856), from another site in the SE of the Iberian

Peninsula (cf. Guerra et al. 1991), and from recent records in Catalonia (cf. Brugués et

al. 1993). It grows on gypsiferous and saline soils that are temporarily wet, localized in

depressions between gypsiferous hills. (V).

Phascum vlassovii Laz. - A very rare species, only known from localities in Armenia,

Ukraine, Central Asia (cf. Lazarenko 1938, Savicz-Ljubitzkaja & Smirnova 1970),

Turkey (Cetin 1988), British Columbia (McIntosh 1989) and the Iberian Peninsula

(Guerra et al. 1991, Brugués et al. 1993). In SE Spain it appears on gypsiferous or

saline soils localized in depressions between gypsiferous hills. (V).

Pottia pallida Lindb. - A circum-mediterranean species, also present on the Canary

Islands (cf. Guerra & Ros 1988). It is a rare species, which is restricted to saline soils,

either in depressions between gypsiferous hills or at the margin of saline lagoons. In

both cases it may colonize considerable surfaces of bare soil between higher plants that

are temporarily inundated (Guerra et al. 1989). Because of its special ecological

behaviour the saline sites where it grows should be protected. (E).

Pterygoneurum compactum Cano, Guerra & Ros - A very rare species, which is only

known from the Iberian Peninsula (one site in Lérida and one other in Alicante) (cf.

Cano et al. 1994b). In both cases it grows on dry, exposed gypsiferous or saline soils.

(В).

Pterygoneurum crossidioides Frey, Herrnstadt & Kürschner - A species known from

the desert areas near the Dead Sea (cf. Frey et al. 1990), it has recently been found by

us on gypsiferous soils in the province of Albacete. No other European locality is

known, (V).

Pterygoneurum sampaianum (Mach.) Mach. - First described from chalky clay in the

Algarve (cf. Machado 1925), this taxon has been little studied due to its rarity.

Nevertheless it is relatively frequent on gypsiferous or saline soils in the SE of the

Iberian Peninsula (Almería, Albacete and Murcia). It is also present in central and NE

Spain, showing the same ecological preferences. It has not been recorded outside the

Iberian Peninsula. (V).

Source : MNHN, Paris

130 J. GUERRA et al.

Riccia crustata Trabut - A circum-mediterranean species, which lives on gypsiferous

and saline soils. In the SE of the Iberian Peninsula it colonizes considerable areas in

clearings, in scrub and in saline depressions between gypsiferous hills, where it grows

with Portia pallida, Enthostodon hungaricus, Pterygoneurum sampaianum and

Phascum piptocarpum. All these species are mentioned in this list of rare or endangered

species, emphasizing the enormous importance of conserving the gypsiferous and saline

areas. (V).

Tortula brevissima Schiffn. - Described by Schiffner (1913) from the Middle East, this

species has later been recorded from France, Switzerland, Germany (cf. Boudier 1988,

Reimers 1941) and various sites of the Iberian Peninsula, In Europe it can generally be

considered a rare taxon, but it is quite frequent on the gypsiferous outcrops in the SE of

the Iberian Peninsula. (R).

Tortula caninervis (Mitt) Broth, subsp. spuria (Amman) W. Kramer var. spuria -

Recorded from some Middle Eastern countries (Afganistan, Iran, Iraq, Turkey) and

from Ukraine and Central Europe (Czechoslovakia and Switzerland), this species is

known in the Iberian Peninsula only from one site in Catalonia (Brugués ег al. 1993),

Almería (cf. Martínez-Sánchez et al. 1991) and Alicante (Moya et al. 1994). (В).

Lichens

Acarospora clauzadeana (Llimona) Casares & Hafellner - Described from Almeria

(Spain) as Biatorella clauzadeana (cf. Llimona 1974), this species has recently been

placed in Acarospora (cf. Hafellner & Casares-Porcel 1992). It grows exclusively on

saccharoide or cristalline gypsum. Although previously considered an Almerian

endemic, it has recently been found in North America (Mexico and New Mexico) (cf.

Weber & Nash 1992), (V).

Acarospora placodiformis H. Magn. - An Ibero-Maghrebian species present in

thermo- and mesomediterranean gypsiferous soils. At the hottest sites it appears rarely

and then with few fructifications.(V).

ВиеШа almeriensis Llimona - Described from the SE of the Iberian Peninsula (cf.

Llimona 1974), it appears on hardened crusts of gypsum. Up to now its only known

sites are in the province of Almerfa (Spain) and Morocco (cf. Casares-Porcel et al.

1994). (E).

Buellia heliophylia Llimona - Described by Llimona (1974) from Venta de los Yesos

(Almerfa, Spain), it seems to be a very rare species, since no other populations have yet

been found, It grows exclusively on gypsum. (E).

Buellia zoharyi Galun - Although it was described from the Negev Desert in Israel on

loess soils (cf, Galun 1970), it seems to be much more frequent in the Iberian

Peninsula, where it grows almost always on gypsum. Recently, it has been recorded as

new to Africa (cf, Casares-Porcel et al. 1994), growing on gypsiferous soils. Its

distribution shows a remarkable disjunction between the eastern and western extremes

of the Mediterranean region. It is common on gypsiferous soils of SE Spain. (R).

Source : MNHN, Paris

BRYOPHYTES AND LICHENS IN SE SPAIN 131

Collema coccophorum Tuck. - There are scattered records from Australia, North and

South America, Africa and Europe. This species is limited to bare chalky or gypsiferous

soils (cf. Degelius 1954, 1974), In the Iberian Peninsula it is frequent on gypsiferous

soils, especially in the SE. It has been included in the Red Data Book of macrolichens

of the European Community. (R).

Diploschistes ocellatus (Vill.) Norm, var. almeriense Llimona - A taxon described by

Llimona (1974) growing on gypsiferous crusts at some sites in Almería. It may be

considered an exclusively Almerian endemic. (E).

Fulgensia desertorum (Tomin) Poelt f. macrospora Llimona - A taxon known only

from the SE of the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco (cf. Casares-Porcel er al. 1994)

where it is frequent on gypsiferous outcrops. (V).

Fulgensia poeltii Llimona - Described by Llimona (1974) from the gypsiferous

outcrops of Almería, this species is frequent on the principal gypsiferous outcrops of

Spain. It can be considered an Ibero-Maghrebian species with an exclusively

gypsicolous habitat. (V).

Lecidea circinarioides Casares & Hafellner ad. int. - A very frequent species on

saccharoide or crystalline gypsum, it resembles species of the genus Aspicilia, which

has led some authors to confuse it with А. contorta (Hoffm.) Krempelh. subsp.

hofmanniana Ekman & Froberg. It is an exclusive gypsophyte and can be considered

and Ibero-Maghrebian species. (V).

Lecidea gypsicola Llimona - Frequent on the mesomediterranean gypsiferous outcrops,

it was described by Llimona (1974) from gypsum in the river Ebro valley. Its area

shows a disjunction with Central Asia (Tadzikistan) where it has been collected by

Hertel (1977). It reaches the gypsum of the depression of Baza but is absent from

Almeria. (R).

Lepraria crassissima (Hue) Lettau var. isidiata Llimona - Always present on shaded

slopes with gypsum dust in the principal gypsiferous outcrops of the Iberian Peninsula.

Itis an Ibero-Maghrebian taxon which is especially abundant in the Iberian SE. (V).

Llimoniella scabridula (Müll. Arg.) Navarro-Rosinés & Hafellner - А lichenized

fungus described from the Swiss Valais, its only known sites are the type locality and

the gypsiferous outcrops of the Iberian Peninsula (Hafellner & Navarro-Rosinés 1993,

Gutiérrez & Casares 1994). (В).

Placidiopsis tenella (Nyl.) Zahlbr. - A very rare species known from some sites in

Algeria. The only European record is from the gypsum of Almerfa (cf. Gutiérrez &

Casares 1994). (В).

Psora saviczii (Tomin) Follm, & Crespo - Known from Ukraine, where it was first

described, Morocco and the gypsum outcrops of the Iberian Peninsula. It represents an

interesting floristic disjunction and is abundant in the SE of the Iberian Peninsula. (R).

Rhizocarpon malenconianum (Llimona & Werner) Hafellner & Mayrhofer - Always

epiphytic on the thallus of Diploschistes diacapsis (Ach.) Lumbsch, this is one of the

Source : MNHN, Paris

132 J. GUERRA et al.

most characteristic species on gypsum. Its distribution is poorly known. In Spain it is

rectricted to gypsiferous areas and is frequent in SE. It has been recently recorded in

North Africa (cf. Casares-Porcel et al. 1994) (R).

Teloschistes lacunosus (Rupr.) Sav. - А terricolous or semivagrant species that is

disjunct between the lrano-Turanian territories and the Iberian Peninsula. It is

especially abundant in the gypsiferous areas of SE Spain. (R).

THREATS AND APPROACHES TO CONSERVATION

Practically all the sites shown in Figure 1 are subject to the extraction of

gypsum. Therefore the sites are affected by the construction of roads, and by

contamination of the soil and air by dust produced by the heavy machinery used at the

quarries. Today the ploughing of these sites for agriculture forms another threat, which

is difficult to understand since these areas support little agricultural production. In

many of sites there are illegal deposits of rubbish from nearby villages, that cause

considerable nitrification of the soils. From all of the areas shown in Figure 1 only

three, in the province of Almería, are included in the Catalogue of Natural Protected

Sites of the Environment Protection Agency of the local government of Andalusia. All

the other sites are unprotected, in spite of their being known by the scientific

community of Spain as important zones for endemics and as refuges for rare and

endangered species. If all these gypsiferous areas (Fig. 1) were considered Natural

Sites, the threats to bryophyte and lichen species could be eliminated or at least

controlled, thus saving the species from possible extinction.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS - The financial assistance given by the DGICYT of Spain is

gratefully acknowledged (Project PB93-1141). We thank Dr. В.Е. Longton (University of Reading)

and Dr. J.M. Egea (University of Murcia) for their constructive suggestions.

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Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 1995, 16 (2): 137-144 137

COMUNIDADES LIGNÍCOLAS DEL SECTOR CENTRAL

DE SIERRA MORENA (SW DE ESPANA)

Е. J. SARRION & А. В. BURGAZ

Dpto. Biologia Vegetal I, Facultad de C. Biológicas,

Universidad Complutense, 28040-Madrid (España)

ABSTRACT - The lignicolous communities of central Sierra Morena (SW of Spain) are studied,

remarks on their chorology and ecology are given. The association Buellietum cedricolae ass. nov. is

described.

RESUME - Les auteurs présentent les communautés lignicoles du centre de la Sierra Morena (Sw

Espagne) des points de vue écologique et chorologique. Le Buellietum cedricolae ass. nov. est décrit.

RESUMEN - $e estudian las características corológicas y ecológicas de las comunidades lignícolas

que aparecen en el sector central de Sierra Morena (SW de España). Se describe la asociación

Buellietum cedricolae as. nov.

INTRODUCCIÓN

Durante el estudio sobre flora liquenológica que estamos realizando en el sector

central de Sierra Morena, hemos detectado la presencia de biocenosis lignícolas

frecuentes en el interior de los bosques. Estas comunidades aparecen sobre la madera

caida en descomposición у los restos de ramas у tocones allf dispersos.

El sector central de Sierra Morena discurre por las provincias de Ciudad Real,

Córdoba y Jaén. En su conjunto tiene escasa altitud ya que raramente sobrepasa los

1300 m. El sustrato geológico está constituido por materiales silíceos en su mayor

parte. El clima es mediterráneo templado subhúmedo con una notable influencia

atlántica, debida а los vientos húmedos dominantes del $ y SW. La zona estudiada se

situa en los pisos Mesomediterráneo y Supramediterráneo del subsector biogeográfico

Marianense (sector Mariánico-Monchiquense, provincia Luso-Extremadurense, región

Mediterránea) (Rivas-Martínez 1987). La vegetación vascular dominante está formada

por encinares, alcornocales y melojares mesomediterráneos en general bastante

aclarados ya que se dedican al pastoreo vacuno y la explotación de éstos bosques es en

forma de dehesas. También aparecen pequeñas extensiones de melojares

supramediterráneos con un estado de desarrollo más favorable.

Los estudios anteriores de este tipo de comunidades en la Península Ibérica son

muy dispersos. Sólo existen datos de Cataluña (Alvaro-Martín & Hladun-Simón 1983),

Albacete (Egea el al. 1985) y norte de Navarra (Etayo 1990).

Source - MNHN. Paris

138 FJ. SARRION y А.В. BURGAZ

RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN

En el conjunto de las formaciones vasculares de Sierra Morena hemos

observado las siguientes biocenosis lignícolas (Fig. 1):

- Sobre troncos y tocones de fagáceas. Las maderas de Quercus pyrenaica

Willd. y О. faginea Lam. subsp. broteroi (Coutinho) A. Camus son bastante blandas

por lo que se descomponen con facilidad, incrementando rápidamente su acidez y la

capacidad de retención de agua. Las comunidades que se instalan en este tipo de

madera poseen un dinamismo más o menos rápido dependiendo principalmente del

grado de descomposición de la madera.

1.- Sobre las áreas laterales descortezadas de tocones, se instalan comunidades

muy empobrecidas en especies características, formadas por recubrimientos casi

monoespecíficos, de talos de Calicium glaucellum Ach., C. salicinum Pers.,

Mycocalicium victoriae (C. Knight ex Е. Wilson) Tibell y M. subtile (Pers.) Szat. La

fisiognomía de estas comunidades está caracterizada por los talos endofleódicos

blanquecinos y amarillentos que cubren amplias superficies.

Mycocalicium subtile y Calicium salicinum tienen una amplia distribución en la.

Península Ibérica, mientras que Mycocalicium victoriae y Calicium glaucellum tienen

una distribución muy restringida (Sarrión et al. 1993). Estas comunidades, hasta no

poseer mas datos biogeográficos pueden incluirse provisionalmente en la as. Calicietum

glaucelli.

2.- En los restos de madera menos inclinados y más descompuestos aparecen

comunidades de briófitos y líquenes pertenecientes a la as. Cladonietum coniocraeae.

1150 m

950m

Fig. 1.- Situación de las comunidades lignicolas en la Sierra de Dormideros. 1- Calicietum glaucelli,

2- Cladonietum coniocraeae, 3- Lecanorion variae, 4- Pseudevernietum furfuraceae, 5- Buellietum

cedricolae. Formaciones vasculares: A) alisedas (Scrophulario scorodoniae-Alnetum glutinosae Br.-

BL, P. Silva & Rozeira 1956), B) melojares (Arbuto unedonis-Quercetum pyrenaicae (Rivas Goday

1959) Rivas Martinez 1987), C) matorral de cumbres (Adenocarpetum argyrophylli Rivas Martinez

& Belmonte inéd.).

Source : MNHN, Paris

COMUNIDADES LIGNICOLAS DE SW DE ESPANA 139

Se caracterizan por la abundancia de talos de Cladonia (C. coniocraea (Flérke)

Sprengel, C. fimbriata (L.) Fr., С. macilenta Hoffm., C. phyllophora Hoffm., C.

ramulosa (With.) Laundon y C. squamosa (Scop.) Hoffm.) instalados sobre alfombras

de musgos pleurocarpicos (Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw.) o directamente sobre la

madera en descomposición. Estas biocenosis han sido también descritas para Cataluña

(Alvaro-Martin & Hladun-Simón 1983) y Albacete (Egea et al. 1985).

3.- En troncos verticales más iluminados, aparecen grandes superficies

recubiertas por los talos inconspicuos о verrucosos, amarillo pálido de Lecanora varia.

Constituyen comunidades monoespecíficas y fragmentarias de biocenosis con difícil

encuadre sintaxonómico pero relacionadas con la al. Lecanorion variae.

- Sobre la madera muerta de enebros. La madera de Juniperus oxycedrus L.

posee una gran dureza, acidez y resistencia a la descomposición (su utilización

tradicional ha sido en la fabricación de pozos y norias, ya que no se descomponían en el

agua). En estos medios se instalan comunidades muy estables, de escaso dinamismo y

pobres en especies.

4. - Las ramas más secas, finas y expuestas, están cubiertas por talos de

Pseudevernia furfuracea var. ceratea y Parmelia tiliacea, especies consideradas

características de la as. Pseudevernietum furfuraceae que se instalarían en estos lugares

debido al pH ácido que presentan estas maderas. Esta asociación ha sido definida en

numerosas areas peninsulares (Crespo 1974, Marcos-Laso 1983, Egea et al. 1985) pero

siempre sobre forófitos vivos de Pinus spp.

5. - Еп los troncos y a veces también en las ramas más gruesas, preferentemente

en exposiciones S y SE, sobre madera muerta y descortezada de enebro, hemos

encontrado recientemente Buellia cedricola Werner que es una especie mediterráneo

occidental, distribuida en el sur de España, norte de Africa y Córcega (Burgaz &

Sarrión 1994).

Buellia cedricola es un elemento favorecido en parte por los vientos húmedos

que llegan del Atlántico hasta estos valles orientados en dirección S y SW. Estas

condiciones climatológicas tienen cierta similitud con los bosques de Cedrus atlantica

(Endl.) Carriére del N de Africa donde fué descrita la especie, aunque las condiciones

de humedad son mayores en aquellos bosques como nos indica la presencia de

Mycocalicium subtile, Calicium adspersum Pers. y Xylographa abietina (Pers.) Zahlbr.

conviviendo con Buellia cedricola (Werner 1970). En nuestro territorio, B. cedricola

tiene un comportamiento algo diferente, se instala en zonas más secas y abiertas

mientras que Mycocalicium subtile que también está presente en Sierra Morena, se

refugia en el interior de los bosques caducifolios donde hay un mayor aporte de

humedad.

Por la composición florística que presenta esta comunidad no ha sido posible

encuadrarla dentro de ninguna de las asociaciones descritas hasta el momento. Por ello

definimos la as. ВиеШешт cedricolae nova (holotipo inv. 7, Tabla 1), cuya especie

característica es Buellia cedricola. Pyrrhospora elabens (Fr.) Haf., Cyphelium tigillare

(Ach.) Ach.y Lecanora varia que le acompañan deben ser consideradas especies

características de unidades superiores.

Source - ММНМ. Paris

140 FJ. SARRION у А.В. BURGAZ

Buellietum cedricolae es una comunidad pobre en especies, donde aparecen

además con baja abundancia talos de Pertusaria spp. y Parmelia tiliacea (Hoffm.) Ach.

Acompañan también algunas especies acidófilas como Hypogymnia farinacea Zopf,

Pseudevernia furfuracea var. ceratea (Ach.) D. Hawksw. y Platismatia glauca (L.) W.

Culb. & C. Culb., hongos no liquenizados como Dacrymyces sp. y líquenes de

preferencia saxicola como Lasallia pustulata (L.) Mérat, Parmelia pulla subsp. pulla

Ach. y P. tinctina Mah. & Gill.

Es una comunidad lignícola, acidofítica, aeroxerofítica, anombrofitica,

fotofítica y heliofítica.

Tiene una fisiognomía caracterizada por el desarrollo de los talos crustáceos de

color amarillo claro, blanquecinos y grisáceos, abundantemente provistos de ascocarpos

negros, sobre los que se instalan perifericamente talos grises foliáceos y fruticulosos.

Esta fisiognomía es semejante a las comunidades lignícolas descritas para las Islas

Canarias (La Gomera y El Hierro) creciendo sobre Juniperus phoenicea L. (Hernández-

Padrón et al. 1991), sin embargo la composición florística es distinta en aquellas

comunidades ya que dominan Lecanora sabinae Hernandéz-Padrón, Vánska & Pérez de

Paz, Ренизана spp., Ochrolechia pallescens (L.) Massal. y numerosas especies de

Ramalina.

Buellietum cedricolae tiene una distribución preferente en los reducidos

enclaves Supramediterráneos de la submeseta Sur (Fig. 2), se ha encontrado con gran

Fig. 2.- Localización del area estudiada: Límites provinciales (- - -). Localidades muestreadas: 1- Los

Navalucillos. 2- Fuencaliente. 3- Sierra de Dormideros. 4- Solana del Pino. 5- Aldeaquemada. A- Río

Tajo. B- Río Guadiana.

Source : MNHN, Paris

COMUNIDADES LIGNÍCOLAS DE SW DE ESPANA 141

Tabla 1.- Buellietum cedricolae as. nova Holosyntypus inv. n° 7

Altitud (m) 1010 1015 870 1180 1180 1195 1220 1250 650 700

Forófito Jo Jo Jo Jo Jo Jo Jo Jo Jo Jo

Altura sobre el suelo (cm) 140 200 180 176 100 70 ES 40 130 70

Diámetro del tronco (cm) 5 20 15 30 35 20 40 30 10 15

Exposición NE NO NO o so $ SE SE SE SE

Inclinación (°) 10 85 30 80 70 85 60 90 10 90

Cobertura (56) 70 50 90 70 80 95 100 100 50 70

Area (dm?) 0.4 3: 2 3 2 2 1.6 6 15 15

Número de especie 4 4 11 5 6 6 5 13 Sin 10

Nümero de orden 1 2 2 4 bi 6 1 8 2 10

Características asociación:

Buellia cedricola 3319034 044 SAN 441 422 28 za

Caract. unidades superiores:

Pyrrhospora elabens d NIS de d cue Eeer

Cophelium tigillar 4 RE Y PET CHE? ele

Lecanora varia V E n +2 23 +1 23

Compañeras:

Parmelia tiliacea gien d ZEN FST EE)

Parmelia saxatilis Қолын сс ater x E И қ y j

Parmelia tinctina ; : h $ We smod Бі

Pseudevernia furfuracea

var. ceratea s esed. PNL dicem ra Бом 2) oet y

Pertusaria flavida È x +l 11 +1 33 d x +1 ж

Pertusaria pertusa | жекей A i

Pertusaria amara ER I Rep Elis m

Calicium parvum 3 pezzi noia x ; И CT

Lasallia pustulata : d л ; A Р es +1

Hypocenomyce scalari 5 тере air 3 с i +2

Además: Parmelia somloensis +.1, en 1; Hypogymnia farinacea 2.2, en 3; Amandinea punctata 2.3 en 5;

Parmelia sulcata +2, P. pulla subsp. pulla +2, Platismatia glauca +2 en 8; Micarea bauschiana 2.3,

Ramalina polymorpha subsp. capitata +.2 en 10.

Jo: Juniperus oxycedrus L.

Localidades: 1, 2 y 3, Valle del Río Chorro (29S 0757), Los Navalucillos, Toledo. 4, 5 y 6, Sierra de

Dormideros (30$ UH95), Ciudad Real. 7 y 8, Fuencaliente (30S UH85), Sierra Madrona, Ciudad Real. 9, Hoz

del Río Montoro (30S VH06), Solana del Pino, Ciudad Real. 10, La Cimbarra (30$ VH65), Aldeaquemada,

Jaén.

Source : MNHN, Paris

142 ЕЈ. SARRIÓN у АВ. BURGAZ

frecuencia y abundancia en las crestas cuarciticas de Sierra Morena y recientemente en

los Montes de Toledo, donde los fuertes vientos y la insolación ocasionan cierta

desecación sobre los troncos muertos. En el piso Mesomediterráneo aparece

puntualmente y más empobrecida en especies.

Las exigencias ecológicas de esta asociación se ajustan más a los

requerimientos de las biocenosis incluidas en la al. Lecanorion variae (fuertemente

acidofítica, aeroxerofítica y ombrofítica) en fuerte contraste con las asociaciones de la

al. Calicion viridis (fotofítica, heliofítica y toxitolerante) (Barkman 1958) y con las

otras alianzas que incluyen comunidades lignícolas de biotipo crustáceo.

La presencia de Lecanora varia (Hoffm.) Ach. y Cyphelium tigillare en estas

biocenosis es problemática. Barkman (1958) considera a Cyphelium tigillare especie

característica de Xylographetum parallelae (= Cyphelietum tigillaris) perteneciente a la

al. Calicion viridis.

James et al. (1977) sefialan que la as. Cyphelietum inquinantis (comunidad con

gran abundancia de Cyphelium inquinans (Sm.) Trevisan, Lecanora varia y

Parmeliopsis ambigua (Wulfen) Nyl.) posee grandes afinidades con la al. Calicion

viridis, pero en nuestro caso la presencia de Lecanora varia y la ausencia de Cyphelium

inquinans y Parmeliopsis ambigua no nos permite incluir nuestros inventarios en esta

comunidad. Iguálmente sefialan estos autores que la as. Cyphelietum tigillaris está poco

definida.

Wirth (1980) considera que Cyphelium tigillare crece frecuentemente con

Lecanora varia, Xylographa vitiligo (Ach.) Laundon y Calicium trabinellum (Ach.)

Ach. incluyendo este conjunto de especies en la as. Xylographetum vitiliginis dentro de

la al. Lecanorion variae, pero la ausencia de Xylographa vitiligo y Calicium

trabinellum en el sur de la Península Ibérica no nos permite incluir nuestras biocenosis

en esta asociación. Hasta el momento Xylographetum vitiliginis sólo se ha citado sobre

tocones de Pinus uncinata Ramond ex DC. en el Pirineo navarro (Etayo 1990).

La ausencia de Lecanora symmicta (Ach.) Ach. en nuestros inventarios tampoco

nos permite considerar estas biocenosis pertenecientes a la as. Lecanoretum symmictae

descrita por Klement (1956).

La presencia de Lecanora varia en nuestro inventarios nos induce a incluir la

as. Buellietum cedricolae dentro de la al. Lecanor : n variae, siguiendo los criterios de

James et al. (1977) y de Wirth (1980). Consideramos que la aparición de Cyphelium

tigillare y Pyrrhospora elabens en esta comunida . es un indicador del aumento de la

continentalidad que soportan los enebros (Juniperus oxycedrus) situados a mayor

altitud que los bosques de fagáceas en la submeseta sur de la Península Ibérica.

Pyrrhospora elabens tiene una distribución disyunta, aparece en USA,

Australia, Japón y Europa. En Europa tiene preferentemente un comportamiento artico-

alpino pero también se extiende hasta Cerdeña y la mitad sur de la Península Ibérica

(Hafellner 1993). Cyphellium tigillare presenta una distribución circumboreal, en

Europa se extiende por Escandinavia, Islas Británicas y las montafias del centro y sur

(Nimis 1993).

Source : MNHN, Paris

COMUNIDADES LIGNICOLAS DE SW DE ESPANA. 143

ESQUEMA SINTAXONOMICO

Leprarietea candelaris Wirth 1980

Leprarietalia candelaris Wirth 1980 (= Leprarietalia Barkm. 1958 em. Wirth 1972,

non Leprarietalia Hadac 1944)

Calicion viridis Cern. & Hadac 1944

Calicietum glaucelli Kalb 1966 corr. Wirth 1980

Xylographetum paralellae Smarda 1940 (= Cyphelietum tigillaris Klem.

1955)

Cladonio-Lepidozietea Jezek & Vondr. 1962

Lophocoletalia heterophyllae Barkm. 1958

Cladonion coniocraeae Duvign. 1942

Cladonietum coniocraeae Frey 1927 ex Frey 1959

¿Clase?

Lecanorietalia variae Barkm. 1958

Lecanorion variae Barkm. 1958

Xylographetum vitiliginis Kalb 1970

Cyphelietum inquinantis Kalb 1970

Buellietum cedricolae ass. nova

Lecanoretum symmictae Klem. 1953

Hypogymnietea physodis Follm. 1974

Hypogymnietalia physodo-tubulosae Barkm. 1958

Pseudevernion furfuraceae (Barkm. 1958) James et al. 1977

Pseudevernietum furfuraceae Hil. 1925

AGRADECIMIENTOS - Queremos agradecer al Dr. Tibell la identificación у revisión de las

muestras de Caliciales y al Dr. Hafellner la identificación de Pyrrhospora elabens.

BIBLIOGRAFÍA

ALVARO-MARTÍN I. & HLADUN-SIMON N., 1983 - Observaciones sobre la colonización

briológico-liquénica de la madera en descomposición en los bosques del Moixeró

(Cataluña). Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 19-25.

BARKMAN J.J., 1958 - Phytosociology and ecology of cryptogamic epiphytes. Assen. 628 p.

BURGAZ, AR. & SARRION, FJ. 1995 - Buellia cedricola, new to Europe. Lichenologist (en

prensa).

CRESPO А., 1974 - Vegetación liquénica epifítica de los pinares de la Sierra de Guadarrama. Anales

Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 31: 5-13.

EGEA } М", MORENO P.P. & TORRENTE P., 1985 - Vegetación epifítica de la Sierra del Calar del

Mundo: Esbozo Fitosociológico. Anales Biol, Fac. Biol., Univ. Murcia 6: 41-53.

ETAYO J., 1990 - Ensayo de la vegetación liquénica epifítica del Norte de Navarra. Principe de

Viana, sup. Ciencias 10: 39-71

Source : MNHN, Paris

144 FJ. SARRION y A.R. BURGAZ

HAFELLNER J., 1993 - Die Gattung Pyrrhospora in Europa. Eine erste Übersicht mit einem

Bestimmungsschlüssel der Arten nebst Bemerkungen zu einigen aussereuropaischen Taxa

(lichenisierte Ascomycotina, Lecanorales). Herzogia 9: 725-747.

HERNÁNDEZ-PADRÓN C., VANSKA H. & PEREZ DE PAZ P.L., 1991 - Lecanora sabinae, a new

lichen species from the Canary Islands. Nordic J. Bot, 11: 123-127.

JAMES P.W., HAWKSWORTH D.L. & ROSE Е, 1977 - Lichen communities in the British Isles: A

preliminary conspectus. In: Seaward M.R.D., Lichen Ecology. London: Academic Press. Pp.

196-413.

MARCOS-LASO B., 1983 - La asociación Pseudevernietum furfuraceae del piso Supramediterráneo

de las Sierras de Bejar y de la Рейа de Francia. Stvd. Bot. 2: 123-128.

NIMIS P.L., 1993 - The lichens of Italy. Torino: Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali. 897 p.

RIVAS-MARTÍNEZ S., 1987 - Memoria del mapa de series de vegetación de España. ICONA. 268

р.

SARRION FJ., MARTINEZ I. & BURGAZ A.R., 1993 - Líquenes epífitos de Sierra Madrona

(Ciudad Real, Espafia). Cryptog., Bryol. Lichénol. 14: 389-400.

WERNER R.G., 1970. - La flore lichénique des chénes à Нёве et des cédres. Bull. Soc. Mycol. France

86: 813-830.

WIRTH V., 1980 - Flechtenflora. Stuttgart: Ulmer. 552 р.

Source : MNHN, Paris

Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 1995, 16 (2): 145-149 145

ADICIONES A LA FLORA BRIOFITICA

DEL SUDESTE DE ESPANA

M.J. CANO y P. GARCIA-ZAMORA

Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología,

Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia.

RESUMEN - Se da cuenta del hallazgo en las provincias de Alicante y Almería de 25 táxones de

briófitos interesantes. Los más importantes por ser novedad para el sudeste de la Península Ibérica se

mencionan en el resumen en inglés. Se aportan datos sobre su corología y ecología.

Palabras claves: Corologia, briófitos, Alicante, Almería, SE Езрайа.

ABSTRACT - Twenty five species of bryophytes are reported from the Alicante and Almería

provinces. Some are new records for the SE of the Iberian Peninsula: Cynodontium bruntonii,

Ditrichum cylindricum, Philonotis tomentella, Plagiothecium succulentum, Роша recta, Riccia

sommieri, Scapania calcicola and Schistidium flaccidum. Data about their chorology and ecology are

given.

Key words: Chorology, bryophytes, Alicante, Almería, SE Spain.

INTRODUCCIÓN

Siguiendo la línea de investigación sobre la brioflora del sudeste de España, se

han prospectado intensamente durante los últimos años las provincias de Alicante y

Almería, El resultado ha sido el hallazgo de numerosos táxones interesantes por tratarse

de nuevas citas para la zona, ampliando de esta forma su distribución.

La nomenclatura utilizada para musgos ha sido mayoritariamente la de Corley

et al. (1981), la de Casas (1991) para los taxones infraespecíficos y Grolle (1983) para

hépaticas. Todas las muestras están depositadas en el herbario del Departamento de

Biología Vegetal (Botánica) de la Universidad de Murcia (MUB).

RELACIÓN DE TAXONES

MUSGOS

Aloina bifrons (De Not.) Delg.

Alicante: Carretera Pinoso-Fortuna, km 23-24 (Pinoso), XH7050, 550 m. En

suelos salinos ligeramente nitrificados. Se trata de una especie relativamente frecuente

Source : ММНМ. Paris

146 MJ. CANO y P. GARCIA-ZAMORA

en el sudeste español, casi siempre asociada a suelos yesíferos secos. Primera cita

para Alicante.

Atrichum undulatum (Hedw.) P. Beauv.

Almeria: Sierra de Los Filabres, Barranco del Negro (Gérgal), WG3922, 1650

m. Hueco de roca esquistosa muy protegido. Primera cita para Almería. En el sudeste

solamente se conocía de la provincia de Albacete (Jiménez et al. 1986).

Crossidium seriatum Crum & Steere

Alicante: Cerro de la Sal (Pinoso), XH7150, 650 m. Suelo yesífero, en claro de

matorral. Taxon recientemente citado como novedad para la flora europea (Cano et al.

1992), asociado a suelos yesíferos o margo-yesíferos. Primera cita para Alicante.

Cynodontium bruntonii (Sm.) B., S. & G.

Almería: Sierra de Los Filabres, Arroyo de la Verruga (Gérgal), WG3619, 1800

m; Sierra de Los Filabres, Barranco del Pino (Bacares), WG 4221, 1850 m. En

oquedades de rocas metamórficas casi sin suelo y taludes en bordes de arroyos. Aunque

es relativamente común en la Península Ibérica, es una nueva cita para el sudeste.

Ditrichum cylindricum (Hedw.) Grout

Almería: Sierra de Los Filabres, Barranco del Maguillo (Bacares), WG4122,

1700 m. Tierra humífera desarrollada sobre esquistos, temporalmente inundada por

agua de deshielo. Nueva cita para el sudeste espafiol.

Entosthodon attenuatus (Dicks.) Bryhn

Alicante: Lagunas de Santa Pola, carretera Elche-Guardamar del Segura, km 9

(Elche), YH0428, 0 m. Suelo salino bajo Artrocnemum fruticosum. Primera cita para

Alicante.

Ephemerum recurvifolium (Dicks.) Boul.

Alicante: Carretera Bolulla-Tárbena, km 34 (Tárbena), YH5386, 450 m; Coll de

Rates (Alcalalf), YH5690, 600 m. En suelos básicos quemados. No había sido citada

hasta ahora en Alicante. En el sudeste solamente se conoce de Almería (Асийа er al.

1974; Sérgio 1982 y Guerra et al. 19922).

Fabronia pusilla Raddi

Alicante: Sierra de Menechaor, Santuario de la Font Воца (Alcoy), YH1482,

1050 m (epífita sobre Quercus rotundifolia). Almería: Sierra de Los Filabres, Barranco

de Cano (Gérgal), WG3721, 1700 m; Sierra de Los Filabres, Arroyo de la Verruga

(Gérgal), WG3619, 1800 m (sobre rocas metamórficas y fondo de oquedades de éstas).

Aunque citada en Murcia (Ros & Llimona 1984) y en Albacete (Heras & Ros 1986) es

la primera vez que se recolecta en las provincias de Alicante y Almería.

Grimmia trichophylla Grev. var. meridionalis Schimp.

Almería: Barranco de Huelí, proximidades al Cortijo de la Fuente (Sorbas),

WG7903, 475 m. Paredes de yeso sacaroideo con restos de polvo yesífero compactado.

Citada anteriomente en Albacete (Heras et al. 1989), es novedad para la provincia de

Almería.

Source : MNHN, Paris

FLORA BRIOFITICA DEL SUDESTE DE ESPAÑA 147

Phascum cuynetii Biz. & Pierrot

Alicante: Salinas El Saladar (Calpe), BC4481, 0 m. Suelo nitrificado en un

saladar. Especie conocida de la localidad tipo en el Cabo de La Nao (Alicante) (Bizot et

al. 1970) y de la provincia de Almerfa (Martínez-Sánchez et al. 1991). Por el momento

puede considerarse un endemismo del sudeste ibérico.

Philonotis calcarea (B. & S.) Schimp.

Almería: Sierra de Los Filabres, Barranco del Negro (Gérgal), WG3922, 1650

m, En taludes esquistosos hámedos por agua de deshielo. Es nueva cita para Almería,

era conocida anteriormente de la provincia de Albacete (Jiménez et al. 1986).

Philonotis tomentella Mol.

Almeria: Sierra de Los Filabres, Barranco del Negro (Gérgal), WG3922, 1650

m. Suelo esquistoso, humífero y muy húmedo, protegido por herbáceas. Nueva cita

para el sudeste español.

Plagiothecium succulentum (Wils.) Lindb.

Almería: Sierra de Los Filabres, Arroyo de la Verruga (Gérgal), WG3619, 1800

m. Fondo de una fisura de roca metamórfica sin tierra. Hasta ahora no era conocida del

sudeste peninsular.

Polytrichum juniperinum Hedw.

Almería: Sierra de Los Filabres, Barranco del Negro (Gérgal), WG3922, 1650

m. Tierra acumulada en fisura de roca esquistosa. Las únicas citas conocidas hasta el

momento en el sudeste son las de Albacete (Heras & Ros 1986, Jiménez et al. 1986 y

Heras et al. 1990), por lo que se amplía su distribución a la provincia de Almeria.

Роша recta (With.) Mitt.

Alicante: Salinas El Saladar (Calpe), BC4481, 0 m. Suelo nitrificado en un

saladar, Se trata del primer hallazgo de esta especie en el sudeste peninsular.

Pottia wilsonii (Hook.) В. & 5.

Almería: Sierra de Los Filabres, Barranco del Moratón. Mariviñas (Senés),

WG6117, 1000 m. Таша húmedo en la base de roca metamórfica. Es la primera vez

que se cita en Almería, aunque también se conoce de Alicante (Casas el al. 1984).

Schistidium flaccidum (De Not.) Ochyra

Almería: Sierra de Los Filabres, Barranco del Negro (Gérgal), WG3922, 1650

m; Sierra de Los Filabres, Arroyo de la Verruga (Gérgal), WG3619, 1800 m. Rocas

esquistosas próximas a un curso de agua, Nueva cita para el sudeste español.

Timmiella barbuloides (Brid.) Mónk.

Alicante: Carretera Jalón-Bernia, km 7 (Jalón), УН5687, 500 п; Sierra de

Orihuela (Orihuela), XH7218, 250 m. En suelos calizos protegidos. Es una nueva cita

para la provincia de Alicante.

Tortula baetica (Casas & Oliva) Guerra & Ros

Alicante: Fuentes del río Algar (Callosa de Ensarriá), YH5283, 250 m; Sierra de

la Escalona, subida pico Alcor (Orihuela), XH8302, 250 m. En rocas calizas y muros

Source : MNHN, Paris

148 MJ. CANO y P. GARCIA-ZAMORA

artificiales. Descrita como variedad de Tortula muralis, es reconocida actualmente

como especie (Guerra et al. 1992b). Primera cita para la provincia de Alicante.

Trichostomopsis aaronis (Lor.) Agnew $: Towsend

Alicante: Sierra de Mariola, Santuario Virgen de Agrés (Agrés), ҮН1594, 770

m; Sierra de Orihuela (Orihuela), XH7218, 250 m; Sierra de Callosa, Barranco de

Enmedio (Callosa de Segura), XH8421, 250 m. Suelos básicos descubiertos. Es una

nueva cita para Alicante.

HEPATICAS

Athalamia hyalina (Sommerf.) Hatt.

Alicante: Sierra de Mariola, proximidades a las antenas de radio (Agrés),

ҮН1694, 1200 m. Hueco de roca caliza con protosuelo. Es la primera vez que se

recolecta en Alicante. En el sudeste español sólo se conocía en Albacete (Jiménez et

al. 1986 y Heras et al. 1989).

Metzgeria furcata (L.) Dum.

Almería: Sierra de Los Filabres, Arroyo de la Verruga (Gérgal), WG3619, 1800

m. Pared de roca metamórfica poco iluminada, Citada en Albacete (Jiménez et al.

1986), es novedad para Almería.

Riccia glauca L.

Almería: Sierra de Los Filabres, Barranco del Negro (Gérgal) WG3922, 1650

m. En hueco de roca esquistosa y taludes humíferos. Es la primera vez que se

recolecta en Almería, aunque ha sido citada en Alicante (Barnola, 1914).

Riccia sommieri Levier

Almería: Sierra de Los Filabres, Alto de la Molina, carretera de Senés a

Tabernas, km 2 (Senés), WG5917, 1000 m. Talud en base de roca esquistosa protegido

por herbáceas. No se conocía en el sudeste español.

Scapania calcicola (H. Arn & J. Perss.) Ingham

Alicante; Sierra de Mariola, proximidades a las antenas de radio (Agrés),

YH1694, 1200 m. Oquedad de roca caliza con protosuelo. Se trata de la primera cita

en el sudeste peninsular.

AGRADECIMIENTOS - Al Dr. Greven (Wageningen) por la revisión de las muestras del género

Grimmia. A los Drs. J. Guerra y RM. Ros por su ayuda en la determinación de especies conflictivas.

Este trabajo es parte de los resultados del proyecto de investigación PB90-030-C02-01, sub-

vencionado por la DGICYT de España.

Source : MNHN, Paris

FLORA BRIOFITICA DEL SUDESTE DE ESPANA 149

BIBLIOGRAFIA

ACUÑA A., CASAS C., COSTA M. FUERTES E., LADERO M., LOPEZ ML. SIMO RM. &

VARO J., 1974 - Aportaciones al conocimiento de la flora briológica española. Notula I. El

Cabo de Gata (Almería). Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 31(2): 59-95.

BARNOLA JM. 1914 - Algunas hepáticas de Orihuela (Alicante) y sus contornos. Bol. Soc.

Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 13: 138-143.

BIZOT M., DURY MN. & PIERROT B., 1970 - Phascum cuynetii sp. nov. Rev. Bryol. Lichénol.

"1968-1969" 1970, 36(3-4): 506-508.

CANO MJ., GUERRA J. & ROS ВМ. 1992 - Crossidium seriatum (Pottiaceae, Musci) new to

Europe. Bryologist 95(3): 280-283.

CASAS C., CROS R.M., BRUGUES M. SERGIO C. & SIM-SIM M., 1984 - Estudio de la flora

briofitica de las comarcas alicantinas. Anales Biol, Fac. Biol, Univ. Murcia 2 (Sección

especial, 2): 215-228.

CASAS C., 1991 - New checklist of spanish mosses. Orsis 6: 3-26.

CORLEY M.F.V., CRUNDWELL A.C., DULL R., HILL М.О. & SMITH AJE., 1981 - Mosses of

Europe and the Azores an annotated list of species with synonyms from the recent

literature. J. Bryol. 11(4): 609-689.

GROLLE R., 1983 - Hepatics of Europe including the Azores: an annotated list of species, with

synonyms from the recent literature. J. Bryol. 12(3): 403-459.

GUERRA J., MARTINEZ-SANCHEZ J.J. & ROS R.M., 19922 - On the degree of adaptation of the

moss flora and vegetation in gypsiferous zones of the south-east Iberian Peninsula. J. Bryol.

17(1): 133-142.

GUERRA J., ROS RM. & CARRION J.S., 19925 - The taxonomic status of Tortula muralis var

baetica (Musci, Pottiaceae): a comparative study. J. Bryol. 17(2): 275-283.

HERAS J. & ROS R.M., 1986 - Aportación a la flora briofítica de Albacete (SE de España). La Sierra

del Relumbrar. Anales Biol., Fac. Biol., Univ. Murcia 9: 61-66.

HERAS J., ROS К.М. & GUERRA J., 1989 - Flora y vegetación briofítica de la Sierra del Relumbrar

(SO de Albacete, España). Lazaroa 11: 149-175.

HERAS J., GUERRA J. & HERRANZ J.M., 1990 - Bryophyte colonization of soils damaged by fire

in south-east Spain: a preliminary report on dynamics. J. Bryol. 16(2): 275-288.

JIMENEZ M.N., ROS RM. & GUERRA J., 1986 - Flora y vegetación briofitica del sector

noroccidental de la Sierra del Calar del Mundo (SO de Albacete, España). Acta Bot. Malac.

11: 113-146.

MARTINEZ-SANCHEZ JJ., ROS RM. & GUERRA J., 1991 - Briófitos interesantes de zonas

yesiferas del sudeste árido español. Bryologist 94(1): 16-21.

ROS RM. & LLIMONA Х., 1984 - Estudio briológico del sistema de sierras de Ponce y Quipar

(Oeste de Murcia, Sureste de España). Collect. Bot. 15: 431-457,

SERGIO С. 1982 - Contribugáo para о conhecimento do genero Ephemerum Hampe na Península

Ibérica. Acta Bot. Malac. 7: 87-96.

Source : MNHN, Paris

Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 1995, 16 (2): 151-152 151

UN EXEMPLAIRE INHABITUEL DU PREMIER MEMOIRE

DU "TENTAMEN METHODI MUSCORUM"

DE GREVILLE & ARNOTT

Jean-Louis DE SLOOVER

Laboratoire de botanique, Facultés Universitaires N.D. de la Paix,

61, rue de Bruxelles, B-5000 Namur (Belgique).

RESUME. - Titre, faux-titre, collation et pagination inhabituels pour le premier mémoire du

"Tentamen methodi muscorum" de Greville & Arnott.

ABSTRACT. - Unusual title, half title, collation, pagination for first part of a separate of "Tentamen

methodi muscorum" by Greville & Amott.

Mots-clés. - Bibliographie, Greville & Amott, Tentamen.

R.K. GREVILLE et G.A.W. ARNOTT ont publié une série inachevée de trois

mémoires intitulée "[Tentamen methodi muscorum; or,] a new arrangement of the

genera of mosses ... dans la revue "Memoirs of the Wernerian natural history society"

de 1822 à 1826. Des tirages-à-part ont été distribués plus tót, en pré-publication;

certains l'auraient été par Greville, avec la pagination de la revue; d'autres par Arnott,

avec une nouvelle pagination continue. Ces articles posent divers problèmes

bibliographiques (Margadant 1968: 134).

Pour le premier mémoire en tirage-à-part "d'Arnott", Margadant (1968) donne

la collation (et pagination) suivante: "П' А? B-C* D-E? (-E ,); i-iv [1] 2-42". Stafleu er

al. (1976) écrivent: "i-iv, 1-42".

La biliothèque Moretus Plantin à Namur possède un fascicule d'un tirage-à-part

du premier mémoire dont le faux-titre, le titre, la collation et la pagination ne

correspondent pas entièrement aux descriptions de Margadant ni à celles de Stafleu er

al.

Ce fascicule est un exemplaire ouvert, mais non coupé; la planche est non

coupée. Une reliure erronée trés lache montre facilement les cahiers. Une couverture de

Papier bleu est sans indications imprimées, mais porte, manuscrit "M. Achille

Richard".

Pagination : [1-й] [1] 2-42; 1 pl. numérotée УП.

Collation : Е, А: B-C* D' E, (cahier E retourné !}.

Source : MNHN, Paris

152 J.L. DE SLOOVER

Contenu : [i] "A | NEW ARRANGEMENT | OF THE | GENERA OF MOSSES,

| WITH | CHARACTERS, | AND | OBSERVATIONS ON THEIR DISTRIBUTION,

HISTORY, | AND STRUCTURE." (en haut de la page, manuscrit de la méme écriture

que sur la couverture :} "M. Achille Richard, | Des Auteurs."; [ii] (blanc); [1]: "(barre

double complête) | A New Arrangement of the Genera of Mosses, | with Characters,

and Observations on their | Distribution, History, and Structure. | (trés courte barre

double} | By R.K. Greville, Esq. F.R.S.E. M.W.S. &c., | AND | G. A. Walker Arnott,

Esq. A.M.F.R.S.E. | (trés courte barre enflée} | Memoir 1." | (puis début du texte: 11

lignes); 2-20, 27-28, 25-26, 23-24, 21-22, 35-36, 33-34, 31-32, 29-30, 37-42: (suite du

texte); Plate VII.

Les pages [iii] forment le deuxième feuillet, E, du cahier E retourné.

Margadant dit ce deuxieme feuillet manquant; ici, le cahier E de 2 feuilles avait donc

successivement, avant pliage, les pages 41 (avec la signature; suite du texte), 42 (fin

du texte), [i] (faux-titre), [ii] (blanc).

Pour le fascicule complet on a donc successivement: E, {pages [i-ii]} A (pages

[1] 2-4} B' (pages 5-20) С” (pages 27-30 dans l'ordre indiqué plus haut; la signature С

est bien sur la page 21 et C' sur la page 23} D° {pages 37-40) E, {pages 41-42).

Les cahiers ont été ouverts avant reliure; le relieur a inversé l'ordre des 4

doubles feuillets (feuillets conjugués) du cahier С.

TRAVAUX CITÉS

MARGADANT W. D., 1968 - Early bryological literature. Utrecht, Drukkerij Elinkwijk.

STAFLEU F. A. & COWAN R. S., 1976 - Taxonomic literature. 2nd Ed. volume I : A-G. Utrecht,

Bohn et al.

Source : MNHN, Paris.

Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 1995, 16(2): 153-156 153

ANALYSES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES

D.LAMY

Lab. Cryptogamie, 12 rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris

TEWARI S.D. and PANT G.B. - Bryophytes of Kumaun Himalaya. Dehra Dun:

Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, 1994, [i]-xi, [1]-240, ill. (Aut. : Dept. Bot., D.S. B.

College, Kumaun Univ., Naini Tal, India; éd.: 23-A, Connaught Place, Dehra Dun,

248001 India, ISBN 81-211-0093-3).

Aprés avoir donné des informations sur l'histoire des récoltes bryologiques dans la région

du Kumaun Himalaya, sur la géographie, la géologie, le climat des sites et la méthodologie suivie, les

auteurs étudient les divers habitats avec les associations bryophytiques du district de Nainital, et les

communautés bryophytiques associées à l'enrichissement minéral du substrat dans la région du

Kumaun Himalaya. 39 genres et 67 espèces d'hépatiques, 106 genres et 184 espèces de mousses sont

citées. 3 appendices complétent le texte: habitat préférentiel de la bryoflore; répartition des bryophy-

tes épiphytes de 9 plantes hótes; bryophytes épiphytes du Pinus roxburghii à différentes altitudes.

Sont nouveaux pour l'Inde: Campylopodiella ditrichoides, Syrrhopodon spiculosus var. horridulus,

Pseudosymblepharis subduriuscula, P. angustata, Barbula subcontorta, Grimmia pulvinata, Pohlia

crudoides, Meteoriopsis formosana, Thamnobryum latifolium, Distichophyllum schmidtii, Semato-

phyllum humile, Leiodontium gracile. De nombreux taxons sont nouveaux pour le NW de

l'Himalaya. Les auteurs ont porté leur attention sur les espèces menacées, pour lesquelles ils préci-

sent la biologie et l'écologie: Stephensoniella brevipedunculata, Sewardiella tuberifera, Athalamia

pinguis, A. pusilla, Cryptomitrium himalayensis, Conocephalum conicum, Wiesnerella denudata,

Ricciocarpos natans, Calycularia crispula, Metzgeria furcata. Bibliographie pp. 211-240.

JOHANNSSON B. - Islenskir mosar. Skaenumosaaett, kollmosaaett, snoppumo-

saaett, perlumosaaett, knappmosaaett, ogtoppmosaaett. Fjólrit Natturufnaedistofnu-

nar 1995, 26, 1-129, ill. (Natturugraedistofnun Islands, Hlammi 3, Postholf 5320, 125

Reykjavik, Islande).

Description (et clé aux genres et aux espéces), illustration, écologie et distribution des

Mniaceae (6 Mnium, 1 Plagiomnium, 1 Cyrtomnium, 4 Rhizomnium et 2 Cinclidium), des Aulacom-

niaceae (2 Aulacomnium), des Meesiaceae (1 Paludella, 2 Meesia et 1 Amblyodon), des Catoscopia-

ceae (1 Catoscopium), des Bartramiaceae (1 Plagiopus, 2 Bartramia, 1 Conostomum et 6 Philonotis),

et des Timmiaceae (4 Timmia), présentes en Islande.

EGEA J.M. and TORRENTE P. - Е! genero de hongos liquenizados Lecanactis

(Ascomycotina). Bibliotheca Lichenologica 1994, 54: 1-205, 17 fig., 20 pl. (J. Cramer

in Gebrüder Borntraeger Verl., D-70176 Stuttgart, ISBN 3-443-58033-5, prix: 110 DM).

La délimitation du genre Lecanactis sensu Zahlbruckner est revue à la lumiere de son his-

toire, de sa morphologie et de son anatomie (thalle, ascoma, et pycnides), de l'ontogénie de son

ascoma, de sa chimie, de son écologie et de sa phytogéographie. Dans les Arthoniales, l'excipulum

de type lécidéoide délimite un groupe naturel comprenant: Opegrapha Ach., Lecanographa Egea et

Torrente, Lecanactis Koerb., Cresponea Egea et Torrente, Bactrospora Massal., Ancistrospora Thor,

Source : MNHN, Paris

154 ANALYSES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES

Sagenidium Stirton, Sipmania Egea et Torrente, Catarraphia Massal. Chaque genre est délimité; des

tableaux permettent de comparer leur morphologie, l'anatomie de leurs ascomas, leurs asques, leurs

ascospores, ainsi que leur chimies et leurs écologies. Les centres d'origine et les modes possibles de

migration de ces genres sont envisagés. Le genre Lecanactis s. str. se divise en deux groupes autour

de Lecanctis dilleniana d'une рап et de Lecanactis abietina d'autre part; le genre Lecanoagrapha se

divise lui aussi en deux groupes: le groupe de Lecanographa grumulosa et le groupe de Lecanogra-

pha lyncea. Clés aux genres à excipulum lécidéoide, aux Lecanactis et aux Lecanographa. Taxo-

nomie, références à l'iconographie, description et illustration, chimie, distribution et habitat sont

donnés pour chacune des espéces étudiées. Le genre Lecanactis s. str. comprend 24 taxons dont les

espêces nouvelles: Lecanactis exigua (Nouvelle-Zélande), 1. latispora (Tasmanie), L. neozelandica

(Nouv. Zélande), 1. spermatospora (Australie), 1. sulphurea (Australie), 1. tibelliana (Nouv.-

Zélande). Le genre Lecanographa est un genre nouveau dont l'espace type est L. Iyncea (Sm.) comb.

nov. (= Lichen), le nouveau genre comprend aussi: L. abscondita (Th. Fr.) (-Opegrapha), І. aggre-

gata sp. nov. (Tasmanie), 1. amylacea (Ем. & Pers.) (=Lichen), 1. cretacea (Mill. Agr)

(<Opegrapha), L. daileuca (Cromb.) (= Opegrapha), L. dimelaenoides (Egea & Torr.) (= Lecanac-

tis), L. farinosa (Hepp) (= Opegrapha). L. farinulenta (Müll. Arg.) (=Opegrapha), 1. follmannii

(Dodge) (= Opegrapha), 1. grumulosa (Duf.) (= Opegrapha), L. hemisphaerica (Laundon) (= Leca-

is), L. hypothallina (Zahlbr.) (= Plarygrapha), L. illecebrosula (Müll. Arg.) (= Opegrapha), L.

Iynceoides (Müll. Arg.) (= Opegrapha), L. microcarpella ( Müll. Arg. ) (= Opegrapha), L. occiden-

talis sp. nov. (Chili), L. subcaesia (Malme) (= Lecanactis), L. subcaesioides sp. nov. (Uruguay), L

subcalcarea (Müll. Arg.) (= Opegrapha), L. subdryophila (Follm. & Vezda) (= Lecanactis), 1.

subgrumulosa (Egea et al.) (= Lecanactis), 1. unghvariensis (Szatala) (= Lecanactis), L. werneri

(Faurel et al.) (= Opegrapha).; Sipmania gen. nov., dont l'espèce type est 5. peltata sp. nov. des Iles

Fidji. Certains taxons ont une position incertaine, d'autres appartiennent à des genres déjà étudiés

(genres Ancistrospora, Bactrospora, Catarrhaphia, Cresponea, Opegrapha, Sagenidium), d'autres

sont exclus de l'étude. La bibliographie (6p.), l'index taxonomique (7p.), ainsi que le catalogue des

espêces (espêces citées sous Lecanactis sl. 1, avec indication de leur nom actuel) et la liste des nou-

veaux noms proposés rendent cette monographie très claire.

HINTEREGGER E. - Krustenflechten auf den Rhododendron-Arten (Rh. ferru-

gineum und Rh. hirsutum) der Ostalpen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung einiger

Arten der Gattung Biatora. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 1994, 55: 1-346, 79 fig. (J.

Cramer in Gebrüder Borntraeger Verl., D-70176 Stuttgart, ISBN 3-443-58034-3, prix:

212.50 DM).

La flore lichénique de Rhododendron ferrugineum L. et R. hirsutum L., dans les Alpes

orientales (quelques espèces des Alpes occidentales) est étudiée sur la base de 2000 spécimens

(herbier et récoltes de l'auteur); 118 esp., 5 var, et 2 formes appartenant à 42 genres ont été identi-

fiées; clés pour identifier ces lichens crustacés (à discopcarpe, avec des apothécies plus ou moins

lirelliformes, avec des périthêces, stériles), Nouveaux taxons: Acrocardoa gemmata var. rhododendri

var. nov. (Slovénie), Biatora porphyroplaca Hintereg. & Poelt (Autriche), Rinodina ventricosa

Hintereg. & Giralt (Autriche), Biatora flavopunctata (Tonsberg) Hintereg. & Printzen cn.

(=Lecanora), Biatora subgilva (Arnold) c.n. (= B. vernalis var.) et Lecidea betulicola f. endamylea

(Ней) (=L. plusiospora var.). L’ auteur met en évidence une faible spécificité des lichens vis-à-vis

du substrat; seuls Biatora leprosula, B. rhododendri et B. sugilva sont spécifiques de Rhododendron,

tandis que Biatora flavopunctata, Caloplaca sorocarpa, Lecanora boligera, І. fuscescens, І. gisleri

et L salicicola ne montrent qu'une simple préférence pour ce substrat. Rh. ferrugineum est plus

généralement colonisé que R. hirsutum, Ces lichens crustacés se distribuent selon des éléments

phytogéographiques différents. 23 des taxons sur Rhododendron sont des taxons saxicoles (la plus

part silicicoles), se déplagant de la pierre vers Rhododendron sous des conditions optimales. Le

Source : MNHN, Paris

ANALYSES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES 155

traitement taxonomique comprend pour chaque genre une clé si nécessaire, pour chaque taxon:

morphologie, anatomie, chimie, distribution géographique, variation. Une attention particulière est

donnée à 9 espèces du genre Biatora s.str., et Biatora s.l. (divisé en 3 groupes: leprosula, rhododen-

dri et pullata). Bibliographie (25 p.), index des esp. (9 p.)

DIEKMANN M. - Deciduous forest vegetation in boreo-nemoral Scandinavia, Acta

Phytogeographica Suecica 1994, 50: 1-116, 39 fig., 35 tabl. (Svenska Vaxtgeografiska

Sállskapet, Villavagen 14, S-752 36 Uppsala, ISBN 91-7210-080-X, prix: 290SEK).

L'étude porte sur les forêts caducifoliées du S et SE de la Norvège, 369 relevés ont été

traités par des méthodes numériques. Il en ressort la définition de 4 types de foréts et de 9 commu-

nautés: 1. foréts de chénes oligotrophes (communautés à Quercus petraea-Frangula alnus, et à

Quercus robur-Betula pendula), 2. foréts caducifoliées mixtes mésotrophes (communautés à Q.

robur-Tilia cordata, à О. robur-Euonymus europaeus, à Q. robur-Fraxinus excelsior); 3. forêts

d'aulnes et de frénes eutrophes (communautés à Ulmus glabra-Fraxinus excelsior, à Ulmus minor-

Fraxinus excelsior); 4. forêts de frénes-pruniers eutrophes (communautés à Fraxinus excelsior-

Prunus padus, à Fr. excelsior-Alnus glutinosa). Les foréts mésotrophes représentent le type de forét

le plus répandu et le plus caractéristique de la zone boréo-némorale, avec des contreparties floristi-

quement semblables dans la zone némorale. L'auteur donne pour chaque communauté: la composi-

tion en espéce, la structure, la différentaition, la distribution géographique, les conditions écologi-

ques, la dynamique ainsi que les affinités avec d'autres communautés des zones de végétation de

ГЕшоре du Nord et du Centre. L'auteur note d'une part que les facteurs de l'environnement, au

niveau des types de foréts, est le statut nutritionnel en liaison avec les variations de conditions lumi-

neuses et du gradient d'humidité; d'autre part qu'au niveau des communautés, les facteurs géogra-

phiques et climatiques et le gradient d'humidité jouent un róle important. Ces foréts de bois dur sont

еп danger en Scandinavie; il faut notamment protéger les types eutrophes. Bryophytes associées.

SERGIO C., CASAS C., BRUGUES M. & CROS R.M. - Lista vermelha dos briófitos

da Peninsula Ibérica - Red list of bryophytes of the Iberian Pensinsula. Lisboa:

Instituto de Conservação da Natureza & Museu, Laboratório e Jardim Botanico,

Universidade de Lisboa. 1994, 45p., 6 pl., 19 fig., en portugais et en anglais (ISBN 972-

8083-30-0).

А partir des données bibliographiques, des données d'herbier et des données récentes, les

auteurs ont pu établir une liste des bryophytes menacées dans la Péninsule ibérique (critères IUCN),

avec une évaluation des habitats comprenant un três grand nombre d’espèces menacées, et les ten-

dances phytogéographiques des espèces les plus vulnérables. Les espèces rares sont à dominance

boréale, océanique et océanique-méditerranéenne. Sur un total de 1044 espêces, 399 sont considé-

rées rares ou menacées: 10 sont éteintes, 38 menacées, 70 vulnérables, et 281 rares. Il est nécessaire

de protéger certains habitats. 9 des 26 espêces à protéger selon la Convention de Berne sont présen-

tes dans la Péninsule Ibérique.

FREY W., FRAHM J.P., FISCHER E. & LOBIN W. - Die Moos- und Farnpflanzen

Europas. 6. Aufl. Kleine Kryptogamenflora Bd. IV. Stuttgart, Jena, New York: Gustav

Fischer Verlag, 1995, XII, 426p., 149 fig. (Postfach 720143, D-70577 Stuttgart, ISBN

3-437-30756-8, prix: 78 DM).

Cette flore des bryophytes et des fougêres d'Europe se présente comme une clé illustrée des

taxons, Clés aux bryophytes/ptéridophytes. Pour les bryophytes, clés aux groupes de rang supérieur

Source : MNHN, Paris

156 ANALYSES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES

selon le sporophyte et selon le gamétophyte, puis clés conduisant aux espèces, sous-espèces et varié-

165 dans chaque classe et sous classe: Anthoceropsida, Marchantiopsida (sous-classes Sphaerocarpi-

dae, Marchantiideae, Metzgeriidae, Jungermanniidae), Bryopsida (sous-classes Sphagnidae, An-

dreaeidae, Bryoidae (clés aux ordres et familles). A ces clés sont ajoutés la bibliographie concernant

les flores régionales, les catalogues floristiques, les listes rouges. Les ptéridophytes sont organisées

de la méme fagon. Un lexique (pp. 394-399) et un index des taxons (pp. 401-426) completent cette

« flore » d'un format pratique et bien illustrée,

SIÓGREN E. - Changes in the epilithic and epiphytic moss cover in two deciduous

forest areas on the island of Óland (Sweden) - a comparison between 1958-1962

and 1988-1990. Studies in Plant Ecology 1995, 19: 1-106, 22 tabl., graph., 48 fig.

(Svenska Vaxtgeografiska Sällskapet, Villavägen 14, S-75236 Uppsala, ISBN 91-7210-

819-3, prix: 200SEK).

Le but de l'étude est de suivre la conséquence des effets accumulés de dépôts dûs aux pluies

acides, entrainant un pH trés bas des substrats occupés par les bryophytes, dans une forét de chénes

et de bouleaux (prélévement sur 116 bases de troncs de Quercus robur) et dans une forét de d'ormes

et de frénes (suivi de 143 rochers calcaires). L'auteur a noté pour chaque habitat: le changement ou

la constance dans la présence des bryophytes, leur recouvrement, la fréquence des rochers ou troncs

occupés, le nombre de colonies de chaque espèce, la sociologie et la diversité des taxons, globale-

ment ou individuellement, sur chaque tronc ou rocher. Les changements de la bryoflore sont évalués

en relation avec l'acidification.

Il résulte de ces observations que le recouvrement total d’espèces épilithes ou épiphytes a

três peu changé. Cependant le pourcentage d'espèces neutroclines/acidiclines varie de 2/1 à 1/1 dans

le cas des épilithes, de 4/3 à 1/3 dans le cas des épiphytes. Par rapport à la fréquence de leur présence

sur tronc ou rocher, les neutroclines sont devenues beaucoup plus rares et parsemées, tandis que les

acidiclines et les espèces à large gradient ont augmenté considérablement. Parmi les espèces épilithes

quelques neutroclines ont totalement disparu, et 5 acidiclines ont envahi le substrat; parmi les espè-

ces épiphytes, 6 neutroclines ont disparu. Le nombre total de troncs occupés par 9 neutroclines

épiphytes est passé de 217 en 1958 à 119 en 1988; la plaque a été modifiée, montrant une augmenta-

tion des espêces à haute capacité de compétition. Si la diversité des espêces présente sur les rochers

n'a subi que peu de modification (38 espèces en 1962, 37 en 1988), celle des épiphytes est en légère

baisse (37 en 1962, 27 en 1988). Sur le plan phytosociologique, il y a chez les épiphytes, une baisse

du nombre des espèces différentielles de l'alliance neutrocline Schistidio-Anomodontion, tandis que

le nombre des espêces différentielles de l'alliance acidicline Grimmion hartmanii augmente. Par la

disparition d'espèces neutrophiles, l'alliance épiphyte Isothecio-Velutinion s'est agrandie. L'écologie

et la dynamique des bryophytes épilithes et épiphytes est mise en évidence (Peltigera canina est le

seul lichen cité).

L'auteur a sélectionné pour les prochaines études sur les changements de la bryoflore liés à

Pacidification, un petit nombre d'espèces indicatrices qui doivent répondre aux critères suivants:

avoir non seulement une distribution écologiquement étroite mais encore une large distribution

géographique avec une forte compétitivité, c'est à dire des espèces remplaçant les espèces préférant

un fort pH ou neutroclines qui s'en vont.

Commission paritaire 15-9-1981 - № 58611 - Dépôt légal 2º trimestre 1995 - Imprimerie F. Paillart

2 Sortie des presses le 30 avril 1995 - Imprimé en France

Éditeur : A.D.A.C. (Associ Amis des Cryptogames)

Président : D. Lamy; Secrétaire : В. Dennetière

Trésorier : B. de Reviers; Directeur de la publication : H. Causse

BIBL. DU

MUSÉUM

PARIS.

* Source : MNHN, Paris

SOMMAIRE

M. CASTELLO. - The lichen genus Xanthoria in Antarctica. . ...

P. NAVARRO-ROSINÉS et C. ROUX. - Caloplaca navasiana Nav.-Ros. et

Roux sp. nov., espèce nouvelle de lichen du littoral méditerranéen. .......

P. NAVARRO-ROSINÉS, C. ROUX y M. CASARES. - Hongos lichenícolas de

Squamarina Il: sobre la identidad de "Dydimella" crozalsiana (Asco-

mycetes). ...

T.L. BLOCKEEL. - Some bryophytes from southern Italy, including new records

of Tortula bolanderi and Aschisma carniolicum. —

M. SIM-SIM, C. SERGIO, R. MUES & L. KRAUT. - A new Frullania species

(Trachycolea) from Portugal and Macaronesia, Frullania azorica sp. nov.

J. GUERRA, RM. ROS, МЈ. CANO and M. CASARES. - Gypsiferous outcrops

in SE Spain, refuges of rare, vulnerable and endangered bryophytes and

lichens.....

ЕЈ. SARRIÓN у АБ. BURGAZ. - Comunidades lignícolas del sector central de

Sierra Morena (SW de España). ..

МЈ. CANO y P. GARCIA-ZAMORA. - Adiciones a la flora briofítica del

sudeste de Езрайа.

JL. DE SLOOVER. - Un exemplaire inhabituel du premier mémoire du

"Tentamen methodi muscorum" de Greville & Arnott. .. A

Analyses bibliographiques .....

Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 1995, 16 (2): 79-156.

105

111

125

137.

145

151

153