BRYOLOGIE-LICHÉNOLOGIE

ANCIENNE REVUE BRYOLOGIQUE ET LICHÉNOLOGIQUE

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Bryologie : J. BERTHIER, J.L. DE SLOOVER, P. GEISSLER, S.R. GRADSTEIN, J.P.

HÉBRARD, S. JOVET-AST, D. LAMY, M.C. NOAILLES, C. SUIRE.

Lichénologie : J. ASTA, T. BERNARD, B. BODO, W.L. CULBERSON, M.C. JANEX-

FAVRE, J. LAMBINON, M.A. LETROUIT-GALINOU.

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BRYOLOGIE

LICHENOLOGIE

TOME 7 Fascicule 1 1986

A Bibliothèque Centrale Muséum

B13L.DCs

(abe

\PAR IS,

X 2 d 3 3001 00227865 2

Ouvrage publié avec le concours du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Source MNHN, Paris

Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 1986, 7 (1) : 1-10 1

ACID CARBOHYDRATES IN THE HYPOTHALLUS

OF CATILLARIA BOUTEILLEI (DESM.) ZAHLBR.

A HISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION

P. MODENESI*, L. LAJOLO* and С. DONDERO**

SUMMARY. — Carboxylated acid polysaccharides, identified by a histochemical procedure,

were found in the cytoplasm of hypothalline hyphae of Catillaria bouteillei (Desm.) Zahlbr.,

a foliicolous lichen. This material is extruded in the lower part of the thallus, to form a

viscous film, visualized by scanning electron microscopy, on the leaf of Buxus sempervirens.

The significance of the presence of this mucilage and its possible role in foliicolous lichen

ecology, are suggested.

INTRODUCTION

Various studies have recently been carried out on gland cells secreting hydro-

philic substances in a wide range of higher plants (SCHNEPF 1974, FAHN

1979). On the other hand, the presence of specialized secretory cells in lower

plants has been known for a long time, but only recently it has been related

to that of higher plants : both at ultrastructural level as cytoplasmic organization

and as histochemically valuable sequence of metabolic events (MOORE 1965,

HÉBANT & BONNOT 1974, GALATIS & APOSTOLAKOS 1977, MOORE-

LANDECKER 1981, VERDUS & BONNOT 1982).

In lichens the demonstration of various polysaccharides has been effectuated

by standard chemical analysis (SOLBERG 1970, GORDY et al. 1978, GORIN &

JACOMINI 1984) and only 1,2-glycol polysaccharides, identified by a cytoche-

mical stain at the ultrastructural level, were found in lichenized Ascomycetes

(BAKER et al. 1979, BOISSIERE 1982, AHMADJIAN 1982). In this respect

the presence of acidic polysaccharides constitutes a principal aspect of lichen

physiology which has not been satisfactorily studied, and detailed informations

was needed to determine their role in lichen thallus.

* Istituto Botanico «Hanbury», Corso Dogali 1/C, 16136 Genova, Italia.

** CNR, Centro Macromolecole sintetiche e naturali, Genova, Italia.

8122.00)

MUSEUM,

\PAR

EE Source : MNHN. Paris

2 P. MODENESI, L. LAJOLO and G. DONDERO

The purpose of this paper is to report the histochemical localization of acidic

polysaccharides in the hypothallus of Catillaria bouteillei, a foliicolous lichen.

This was in order to determine a correlation between their presence and the

particular adaptation of the lichen to the substratum and to contribute to a

better knowledge of the morphology, as yet scantily known (OZENDA 1963).

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Lichen material — The observations were made on specimens of thalli

of Catillaria bouteillei (Desm.) Zahlbr. growing on leaves of Buxus sempervirens,

collected in eastern Liguria.

Light microscopy. — Small pieces of carried-on-leaf thalli were fixed in 5 Ф

glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer at pH 6.8 for 4 hours at 0-4°C.

Following the dehydration in an ethanol series, samples were embedded in a

methyl-butylmethacrylate mixture (FEDER & O'BRIEN 1968). Sections

2,5 jim thick were cut with a glass knife on a Reichert OM2 microtome. The

following histochemical reactions were carried out :

a) The periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) procedure to demonstrate the neutral

carbohydrates (FEDER & O'BRIEN 1968).

b) Alcian Blue 8GX (Gurr) at pH 2.5 for carboxyl or sulphate containing

polysaccharides (LEV & SPICER 1964), For comparison some section were

stained in Alcian Blue at pH 1 and at pH 0.5. At this low pH carboxyl groups

are no longer ionized and only sulphated polysaccharides stain.

c) Mayer's tannic acid-ferric chloride stain (PIZZOLATO & LILLIE 1973)

for areas containing mucopolysaccharides.

d) Alcian Blue-PAS procedure (PEARSE 1972) to demonstrate sulphated

acid, carboxylated acid and neutral carbohydrates.

е) Low iron-diamine (LID)-Alcian Blue procedure to demonstrate carboxy-

lated acid and sulphated acid carbohydrates (PEARSE 1972).

f) Toluidine Blue O (Gurr) 0.05 % in 0,1 M acetate buffer at pH 4.4 to de-

monstrate metachromasia of acid polysaccharides (PEARSE 1972).

g) Sudan Black B (Gurr) for lipophilic substances (BRONNER 1975).

h) Sudan Ш (Gurr) in free hand sections for lipophilic substances (PEARSE

1972).

i) Carmine (Gurr), Best’s methods for glycogen (PEARSE 1972).

1) Alpha-amylase digestion to specifically remove glycogen (LINGE-LEE

et al. 1976).

For all the above-cited histochemical methods, control reactions were carried

out following the suggestions of the respective authors.

Isolation of cuticle to test the phytoglyphs was carried out following OBRIEN

and McCULLY (1981).

Scanning electron microscopy. — Small pieces (1-2 mm) of isolated or carried-

Source : MNHN, Paris

LOCALIZATION OF ACID CARBOHYDRATES IN CATILLARIA 3

on-eaf thalli were placed in a solution containing 2 % glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M

phosphate buffer at pH 6.8 and fixed for 2 hours (O'BRIEN & McCULLY

1981). They were subsequently dehydrated with ethanol and critical point dried

with liquid СО). Once dried the samples were coated 200-220 A in thickness

with gold vapor in a Sputtering Agar Aids. Another serie of samples were air

dried and directly coated in the Sputtering. Specimens were viewed with a

Cambridge Stereoscan 250 MK2 at an acceleration voltage of 20 kV.

RESULTS

Catillaria bouteillei forms, on the leaves of Buxus sempervirens, small conti-

nuous crusts, smooth or faintly powdery, greyish-green in colour (Fig. 1).

Dimensions vary from a fraction of millimeter up to 2-3 cm, in the case where

they entirely cover the upper part of the leaf. The morphology seems very

simple : the thallus is crustose, not corticate, 10-40 ¡um thick and its vegetative

structure is reduced to a single gonidial layer, organised in a complicated and

loose plectenchyma with free hyphae that the alga, Trebouxialike, occupies in

its entirety (Fig. 6). A fine hypothallus is present in the lower part. On maturity,

it seems made up of a thick network of hyphae densely ramified and parallel

to the surface of the leaf (Fig. 10). Phytoglyphs carried out by isolating the

cuticle of the leaf occupied by the lichen thallus, show no damage to or inter-

ruption of the cuticle itself, that only follows the relief of the underlying cells

of the epidermis and shows no trace of the thallus above.

Light microscopy. — In the cytoplasm of the hypothallus cells we found a

notable deposit of polysaccharides sensitive to the PAS reaction, but resistant

to the digestion of alpha-amylase and negative to the reaction Carmine Best’s

for glycogen. The material stained metachromatically with Toluidine Blue O

at pH 4.4 gave a positive reaction with Alcian Blue at pH 2.5 (Fig. 2), but was

no longer demonstrable with Alcian Blue at pH 1 and 0.5. When tissue sections

were stained with Alcian Blue pH 2.5-PAS and Alcian Blue pH 2.5-LID, diffe-

rent histochemical reactivities were found in the cellular content. These reacti-

vities suggest the presence of carboxylated acid and neutral carbohydrates.

Cytoplasmic reaction to the dyes used was particularly strong in the youngest

hypothallus cells (Fig. 4) at the periphery of the thallus (Fig. 3).

In transversal section the hypothallus hyphae show on their lower edge, in

contact with the leaf cuticle, a fine film that is positive to the PAS reaction,

to Alcian Blue pH 2.5 and to Mayer's tannic acid-ferric chloride stain (Fig. 3,

5), but negative to Alcian Blue pH 1 and 0.5. The obvious extracellular poly-

saccharide deposit was always easily distinguishable from the underlying cuticle,

reacting negatively with the lysochromes dyes.

Scanning electron microscopy. — Better results were obtained with isolated

thallus samples or with samples still attached to the substratum, dried in air

and directly covered with gold in the Sputtering. The illustrations (Fig. 1-10)

Source : MNHN, Paris

4 P. MODENESI, L. LAJOLO and G. DONDERO

Source : MNHN, Paris

LOCALIZATION OF ACID CARBOHYDRATES IN CATILLARIA 5

refer to this material.

The microphotographs 7, 8 and 10 show a uniform, smooth covering of the poly-

saccharidic substance produced by the hypothallic hyphae on their lower side.

The secretion exactly follows the cell outlines (Fig. 8, 10), spreading out more

broadly over the leaf cuticle, with areas being completely covered (Fig. 7), or

with small digitate expansions (Fig. 8). Occasionally in some parts of the lower

surface, the secreted material loses its characteristic smooth and uniform appea-

rance and becomes rough and mammillate; in these zones other organisms living

in the phyllosphere have been observed. Concluding from these morphological

informations only and without any other indications, these organisms seem to be

bacteria, but they have not been found in other samples.

DISCUSSION

The histochemical tests employed show that a high amount of acid polysac-

charides containing carboxylated groups are present in the hypothallus of

Catillaria bouteillei. The secretion of this material on the leaf cuticle of the host

plant is preceded by a storage of carbohydrates, excluding glycogen, in the

cytoplasm of the hypothalline cells and by an assembly of complex polyuronic

acid (PEARSE 1972, SCHNEPF 1974, MODENESI et al. 1984), that does not

contain sulphated acid components (Fig. 2). The mucilaginous material is

extruded by a merocrine mechanism by the intact cell (Fig. 4) towards its lower

edge. In this way, the viscous secretion forms a thin mucilage film between the

lower surface of the thallus and the abaxial surface of the leaf (Fig. 3, 5).

Certain aspects of mucilage production in Catillaria are similar to processes

known in higher and lower plants. The storage and assembly of carbohydrates

is reported, before release, in several higher plants (SCHNEPF 1974, FAHN

1979, WERKER & FAHN 1981, MODENESI et al. 1984) and in fungi (MOORE

1965, MOORE-LANDECKER 1981) that produce complex acid carbohydrates.

Fig. 16. — 1 : Upper view of the thallus with apothecia growing on the abaxial surface,

along the midrib of the leaf. SEM micrograph. 2 : Longitudinal section of young hypo-

thalline hyphae (arrow) in a pre-secretive phase. The cytoplasm react positively (light

blue) to Alcian Blue pH 2.5 stain. 3 : Transversal section of a leaf carrying a periferic

portion of a thallus. The mucilaginous film (M), positive to Mayer's stain, is already

present under the hypothallus. 4 : Longitudinal section of young hypothalline hyphae in

а secretive phase, Mucilaginous material (M) is metachromatic (red) with Toluidine Blue

0 pH 4.4; in contrast, the cell wall (W) is ortochromatic (blue). 5 : Transversal section

of the lichen-carrying leaf, showing on the lower side of the thallus a mucilaginous

film (M), positive (black) to Mayer's stain. Note detachment of the thallus from the

cuticle (C) due to the polymerization process of the metacrilate mixture. 6 : Transversal

section of the lichen-carrying leaf. Note the algal cells (A) and detachment of the

thallus, due to the dry conditions during the cutting. This causes the crushing of hyphal

fragments (arrow) on the cuticle. SEM micrograph.

Source : MNHN, Paris

6 P. MODENESI, L. LAJOLO and G. DONDERO

4 En pos

Fig. 7-10. — Lower view of the lichen thallus free of the leaf. 7 : The mucilaginous mate-

rial is diffusely widespread to form a smooth zone (left). Note the sharp crossing to a

wrinkled zone where bacteria occur (right). SEM micrograph. 8 : The mucilaginous

film follows the cellular outlines. Note (arrow) the digitated expansion of the released

material. SEM micrograph. 9 : Bacterial cells on the wrinkled zone. SEM micrograph.

10 : General view of the arrangement of the mucilaginous material. SEM micrograph.

The merocrine release of mucilaginous secretion is a common feature in

plants (SCHNEPF 1974, FAHN 1979, MODENESI et al. 1984). MOORE (1965),

in. fungi, observed the formation of pores in the walls of the hyphae and the

Source : MNHN, Paris

LOCALIZATION OF ACID CARBOHYDRATES IN CATILLARIA 7

extrusion of inner mucilage inclusions. Moreover, he noticed that pore size varies

among the genera, but that it is usually near limits of optical resolution. In

Catillaria, pores were not seen, but it is assumed that they are probably present

in the cells of the hypothallus which remains entire after the secretion.

The presence of an uronic acid nucleus in lichen mucilage as well as in muci-

lage of higher plants, fungi and algae (MOORE 1965, FAHN 1979), represents a

significant similarity among these groups.

In Catillaria, the prominent and original aspect concerns the formation, in

its lower part and in contact with the substratum of a fine mucilaginous layer

which could have the function, in hydrated conditions, to ensure the adhesion

of the lichen to the leaf. In dry conditions, as was proved during our handling,

the thallus very easily becomes detached from the leaf (Fig. 6). It is known

that mucilage has a large capacity for water retention. In the ecological condi-

tions of strict aerohygrophily in which foliicolous lichens live (SANTESSON

1952), this substance can stay, for an indeterminate length of time, in a state of

sufficient hydration that could ensure maintenance of a basic lichen metabolism

during dehydration periods in the thallus. Moreover, it is well known that in

many organisms, both animals (PICKERING & RICHARDS 1980) and plants

(LISHEDE 1980, WERKER & FAHN 1981) the high potential for production of

mucilaginous substances is a feature related to the covering of the outside

surfaces with mucilage acting as the first line of defence against the colonization

of pathogens. In a similar way, the mucilage produced by the hyphae of the

hypothallus could provide an effective deterrent action against attack by para-

sites or saprophytes commonly present in the phyllosphere (PREECE & DIC-

KINSON 1971). The occasional presence of bacteria in the lower part of the

lichen (fig. 9) could be a confirmation of this assertion, In fact it is still to be

determined whether it is the presence of microorganisms that causes that mor-

phological modifications in the appearance of the mucopolysaccharidic layer,

used in this case as a carbon source, or if the bacteria establish themselves in

areas where this layer, for whatever unknown reason, is missing.

Bacteria have been found in the ground substance, polysaccharidic in nature,

that provides a cohesive structure for the thallus of Cladonia cristatella. They

may use this substance as a source of nutrients (AHMADJIAN 1982). SÉRU-

SIAUX (1984) also points out the presence of bacteria on the upper thallus

margin of Bacidia scutellifera, a foliicolous lichen, but he does not report any

morphological alterations.

Our observations seem to suggest that activation of the secretion process

happens very early in the cells of the hypothallus where a significant cytoplas-

matic reactivity has been observed in the parts nearest the periphery, at the

extremities of the hyphae (Fig. 3, 4). This in accordance with the observations

of ANGLESEA et al. (1982) in Parmelia saxatilis, where similarly the extremities

of the hyphae seemed to produce the «presumably glucan» matrix of the cor-

tical layer.

Source : MNHN. Paris

8 P. MODENESI, L. LAJOLO and G. DONDERO

The particular localization of the mucilaginous secretion in Catillaria could

suggest an interesting comparison with the known morphogenetic significance

of the intercellular matrix in several animal tissues (GARRONE 1978). In these,

mucosubstances have a direct influence on cell differentiation, both in those

cases where they form a stroma essential for differentiation of migration of

cells, and where, on the contrary, they inhibit cell differentiation. Thus, it is

possible to infer that the mucilaginous film in Catillaria could favour the primary

colonization and the consequent repartition of the hypothallus on the substra-

tum,

Finally, we have to report the total lack of any visible relation between the

thallus and the cuticle of the host plant, except for simple adhesion. Unlike

other living organisms in the phyllosphere that are capable to break down the

cutin (McNAMARA & DICKINSON 1981), Catillaria does not seem able to

make any impression on the cuticle of the leaf. This contradicts the finding of

VEZDA & VIVANT (1972), according to whom an unknown biochemical

factor interfers in the adaptation of foliicolous lichens to their substratum,

but agrees with SANTESSON's research on Strigula elegans, Porina epiphylla,

and Gyalectidium filicinum, species that show a great disregard for the host

plant and even colonize plants which are phylogenetically very different (SAN-

TESSON 1952).

For this reason, according to SANTESSON (1952) and MARGOT (1981),

it is the ecology of the host plant which is the decisive factor in the establish-

ment of foliicolous lichens and not the physical and anatomical characteristics

of the substratum.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. — This study was supported by a grant from Ministero della

Pubblica Istruzione. We would like to thank Mr. Antonio Corallo of the Photographic

laboratory of the «Hanbury» Institute of Botany.

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AHMADJIAN V., 1982 — Algal/fungal Symbioses. In : Р.Е. ROUND and DJ. CHAPMAN,

Progress of Phycological Research. Vol. 1. Amsterdam : Elsevier Biomedical Press.

ANGLESEA D. VETKAMP С. & GREENHALGH G.N., 1982 — The upper cortex of

Parmelia saxatilis and other lichen thalli. Lichenologist 14: 29-38.

BAKER K.K., MALACHOWSKI J.A. & HOOPER GR, 1979 — Ultrastructural localization

of polysaccharides in Usnea cavernosa. The Bryologist 82 : 533-537,

BOISSIERE M.C., 1982 — Cytochemical ultrastructure of Peltigera canina : some features

related to its symbiosis. Lichenologist 14 : 1-27.

BRONNER R., 1975 — Simultaneous demonstration of lipids and starch in plant tissue.

Stain Technol. 50 : 1-4.

Source : MNHN, Paris

LOCALIZATION OF ACID CARBOHYDRATES IN CATILLARIA 9

FAHN A., 1979 — Secretory tissues in plants. London : Academic Press.

FEDER N. & O'BRIEN T.P., 1968 — Plant microtechnique : some principles and new

methods. Amer. J. Bot. 55 :123-142.

GALATIS B. & APOSTOLAKOS D., 1977 — On the fine structure of differentiating muci-

lage papillae of Marchantia. Canad. J. Bot. 55 : 772-795.

GARRONE R., 1978 — Phylogenesis of Connective Tissue. In : L. ROBERT, Frontiers of

Matrix Biology. Vol. 5. Basel : S. Karger.

GORDY V., BAUST J.G. & HENDRIX D.L., 1978 — A high-pressure liquid chromatogra-

phic method for analysis of carbohydrates and polyols from lichens. The Bryologist 81 :

532-538.

GORIN P.AJ. & JACOMINI M., 1984 — Polysaccharides of the lichens Cetraria islandica

and Ramalina usnea. Carbohyd. Res. 128 : 119-132.

HÉBANT C. & BONNOT J., 1974 — Histochemical studies on the mucilage secreting hairs

of the apex of the leafy gametophyte in some Polytricaceous mosses. 2. Pflanzenphysiol.

72 :213-219.

LEV R. & SPICER S.S., 1964 — Specific staining of sulphate groups with Alcian Blue at

low pH. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 12 : 309-329.

LING-LEE M., ASHFORD A.E. & CHILVERS G.A., 1977 — A histochemical study of po-

lysaccharides distribution in Eucalypt mycorrhizas. New Phytol, 78 : 329-335.

LISHEDE O.B., 1980 — The ultrastructure of the glandular trichomes of Solanum tubero-

sum. Ann. Bot. (London) 46 : 519-526.

MARGOT J., 1977 — L'épiphyllie des lichens du genre Strigula est-elle un cas de parasi-

tisme ? Quelques observations morphologiques. Lichenologist 9 : 51-63.

McNAMARA O.C. & DICKINSON C.M., 1981 — Microbial degradation of plant cuticle.

In : J.P. BLACKMAN, Microbial Ecology of the Phylloplane. London : Academic Press.

MODENESI P., SERRATO С. & BRUNI A., 1984 Development and secretion of clubbed

trichomes in Thymus vulgaris. Flora 175 :211-219.

MOORE E.J., 1965 — Fungal gel tissue ontogenesis. Amer. J. Bot. 52 : 381-395.

MOORE-LANDECKER E., 1981 — Histochemical observations on the Discomycete : Pyro-

nema domesticum, with special references to apothecial ontogeny. Mycologia 73 :310-

320.

O'BRIEN T.P. & McCULLY M.E., 1981 — The study of Plant Structure. Principles and

selected methods. Melbourne : Termarcarphi Press.

OZENDA P., 1963 — Lichens. In : K. LINSBAUER, G. TISCHLER & A. PASCHER, Hand-

buch der Pflanzenanatomie. Berlin : Borntraeger.

PEARSE A.G.E., 1972 — Histochemistry, theoretical and applied. London : Churchill.

PICKERING A.D. & RICHARDS R.H., 1980 — Factors influencing the structure, function

and biota of salmonid epidermis. Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 79 : 1273-1276.

PIZZOLATO P. & LILLIE R.D., 1973 — Mayer's tannic acid-ferric chloride stain for mucin.

J. Histochem. Cytochem. 21 : 56-62.

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London : Academic Press.

SANTESSON R., 1952 — Foliicolous lichens I. A revision of the taxonomy of the obliga-

кезу foliicolous lichenized fungi. Symb. Bot. Upsal. 12 : 1-590.

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SÉRUSIAUX E., 1984 — New species or interesting records of foliicolous lichens. Myco-

taxon 20 : 283-306.

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(Hedw.) Brid. (Bryopsida). Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Actual. Bot. 129 : 47-51.

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Soc. Bot. France 119 :253-258.

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Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 1986, 7 (1) : 11-47 11

REGENERATION FROM THE LEAVES

OF OEDIPODIELLA AUSTRALIS (WAG. & DIX.) DIX.

A.E. RUSHING and D.M.J. MUELLER*

ABSTRACT. — Regeneration occurs from mature, intact leaves of Oedipodiella australis

(Wag. & Dix.) Dix., usually on the upper surface in the area of the midrib but also on the

lower blade surface. A mass of dedifferentiated, meristematic cells is first produced from

which one to several apical cells are formed. Rhizoids may be produced before or after

apical cell formation. New leaves are produced in a spiral sequence from the apical cell,

resulting in a young gametophore on the surface of the mature leaf. This regeneration in

culture is not due to injury but could be a response to senescence of the parent plant.

INTRODUCTION

Regeneration has been defined as the production of specialized structures

from a mature cell (or cells) that has undergone dedifferentiation and rediffe-

rentiation (MACNUTT & MALTZAHN 1960) — usually a response to injury

or to senescence (SCHUSTER 1966). These specialized structures may be

secondary protonemata, rhizoids or young gametophores produced directly

from the tissue (WILMOT-DEAR 1980). According to BOPP (1983), «regene-

ration can be induced very easily in nearly all bryophytes» given favorable

conditions. Almost any portion of a bryophyte is capable of dedifferentiation

of cells to produce protonemata and new gametophores (SCHOFIELD & HÉ-

BANT 1984). Regeneration from leaves and other fragments is common and

well-documented by field observations (CHOPRA & SHARMA 1956, GLIME

1970) and culture studies (HEALD 1898, GEMMELL 1953, NOGUCHI & FU-

RUTA 1956, NARAY ANASWAMI & LAL 1957, CHOPRA & SHARMA 1958,

MALTZAHN $ MACNUTT 1958, LERSTON 1961, GILES 1971, SELKIRK

1980, WILMOT-DEAR 1980, SERGIO & SIM-SIM 1984). These culture studies

dealt primarily with isolated leaves or, in some cases, stem fragments and produ-

ced a variety of results. Often the presence of stem tissue was found to inhibit

* Dept. Botany, Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama

36849, U.S.A.

and Department of Biology, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77843, U.S.A.

Source : MNHN, Paris

12 А.Е. RUSHING and D.M.]. MUELLER

new growth from leaf tissue, whereas isolated leaves were generally found to

show increased regeneration. WILMOT-DEAR (1980) and BOPP (1983) summa-

rized the major findings of many of these studies of regeneration.

Oedipodiella australis (Wag. & Dix.) Dix. (Gigaspermaceae) has several modes

of vegetative reproduction. Gemmae are produced at the apices of upright

gametophores (MUELLER & RUSHING 1985) and the horizontal rhizome or

stem system (characteristic of the family) produces an abundance of gameto-

phores. In addition, regeneration occurs from mature, intact leaves. This pheno-

menon was first observed by ALLORGE (1960) in plants of O. australis var.

catalaunica P. de la Varde from Spain and France that were kept in culture for

several weeks. There are no reports of regeneration from leaves in nature but the

number of collections and observations of field populations of Oedipodiella

is quite small. The present study describes the formation of masses of undiffe-

rentiated cells and the subsequent development of young gametophores on the

leaves of plants of O. australis var. australis which were being cultured for study

of the gemmae and the rhizome system.

METHODS

Cultures of Oedipodiella australis var. australis were obtained from fragments

of herbarium specimens from South Africa that were rehydrated in distilled

water and placed in culture dishes on sterilized vermiculite soaked with a nu-

trient solution (MUELLER & RUSHING 1985). These cultures were maintained

in a growth chamber with 14/10 hour day/night periods at 19/15°C. Ilumina-

tion was approximately 1500 lux.

Gametophores and extensions of the horizontal rhizome system were obser-

ved after several weeks in culture. After several months, masses of cells and

young gametophores were observed on the midribs of some leaves. These leaves

were removed from the cultures, dehydrated in 2,2 dimethoxypropane (DMP)

without prior fixation, washed in acetone and critical point dried using liquid

carbon dioxide as a transition medium (NEUMANN, RUSHING & MUELLER

1982). Leaves were then attached to aluminium stubs with double stick tape,

coated with 20-30 nm gold/palladium and observed with a JEOL JSM 35 scan-

ning electron microscope operated at 15 kV.

OBSERVATIONS

Regeneration was commonly observed on the upper surface of the leaf in the

midrib area (Fig. 1). A dedifferentiated cell (or several cells) becomes enlarged

(Fig. 3) and subsequently divides to form a mass of cells (Fig. 1, 3). More than

one cluster of cells may be produced on a leaf (Fig. 3, 4) and in a large cluster

it is nearly impossible to determine the number of leaf cells that were initially

involved.

Source : MNHN, Paris

REGENERATION IN OEDIPODIELLA 13

Fig. 1-4. — Scanning electron micrographs of regeneration in Oedipodiella australis (Wag. &

Dix.) Dix. var. australis. 1 : Upper leaf surface with a young regenerant on the midrib.

Scale : 350 Bm. 2 : Young regenerant with à differentiated apical сей (arrow) surrounded

by two young leaves. Scale : 40 Шт. 3 : Upper leaf midrib with undifferentiated cells. A

single enlarged cell is indicated by the arrow. Scale : 100 m. 4 : Upper leaf midrib

with several large masses of cells. Several rhizoids are present. An apical cell is indicated

by the arrow. Scale : 150 Him.

Within the undifferentiated mass of cells, one to several apical cells may be

produced (Fig. 2, 4, 5, 7). Apical cells may be formed in very small masses

of cells (Fig. 2, 7) but were not observed to be formed directly from leaf cells.

It was not uncommon to observe several young gametophores growing side-

by-side on the same leaf (Fig. 5, 7). The production of one gametophore does

Source : MNHN, Paris

14 А.Е. RUSHING and D.M.J. MUELLER

SEIEN

¿AA DA

Fig. 5-8. — Scanning electron micrographs of regeneration in Oedipodiella australis (Wag.

& Dix.) Dix. var. australis. 5 : Three young gametophores with associated rhizoids. The

young leaves develop by an apical cell with two cutting faces (arrows). Scale :75 im.

6 : Young gametophore, with associated rhizoids, on the upper leaf surface. Scale :

150 pim. 7 : Two young gametophores with rhizoids and one very small cell mass with an

apical cell and two or three small leaves. Scale : 40 Um. 8 : Lower surface of the leaf with

masses of undifferentiated cells on the leaf blade. Scale : 350 Um.

Source : MNHN, Paris

REGENERATION IN OEDIPODIELLA 15

not appear to inhibit production of others, at least, in early stages (Fig. 5, 7).

There is no secondary protonemal stage involved before apical cell and gametophore

formation but the intervening mass of undifferentiated cells is consistently

produced.

Leaves are produced in the normal spiral sequence from the three cutting faces

of the apical cell (Fig. 2, 5, 7). As is common in mosses, each leaf develops

from an apical cell with two cutting faces (Fig. 5, 7). Young leaves on the deve-

loping axis are much narrower than leaves of the mature plant (Fig. 7).

Rhizoids are produced near the base of the mass of cells near the attachment.

to the parent leaf (Fig. 4), but are more commonly found in association with

the developing gametophore axis (Fig. 5-7). They are also produced on the

stem near the bases of new leaves (Fig. 7).

Occasionnally, cell masses were observed on the lower leaf surface (Fig. 8)

but no young gametophores were observed in this location. Very few observa-

tions were made of the lower leaf surface, however.

DISCUSSION

Regeneration from the leaves of Oedipodiella begins by the swelling of a

superficial cell — on the upper surface of the midrib in most cases. This is,

presumably, associated with dedifferentiation of the adult cell, resulting in a

cell that is meristematically active. This regeneration in Oedipodiella occurs

without a secondary protonemal stage. A mass of undifferentiated cells is first

produced from which apical cells are subsequently formed. Thus, the apical

cell is not produced directly from a leaf cell. INOUE (1958) described a globose

protonema or regenerant protonema on the leaves of Acrobolus ciliatus, proba-

bly similar to the masses of cells found in Oedipodiella. Regeneration involving

direct gametophore production (LERSTON 1961, NARAYANASWAMI & LAL

1957, CHOPRA & SHARMA 1958, GLIME 1970) and regeneration involving

an intermediate protonemal stage (GILES 1971, SELKIRK 1980, WILMOT-

DEAR 1980) have both been reported for bryophytes.

Conditions for regeneration seen in other bryophytes, such as detachment

of the leaves from the stem and/or wounding of the leaves (MEYER 1942,

GEMMELL 1953, NOGUCHI & FURUTA 1956, MALTZAHN & MACNUTT

1958, SELKIRK 1980, BOPP 1983) do not appear to be a requirement before

regeneration can occur in Oedipodiella. Regeneration in Oedipodiella was

observed on mature leaves of intact plants. Regeneration can be a response to

senescence of the parent plant (SCHUSTER 1966) and this factor could be

involved in stimulating regeneration from the leaves in Oedipodiella. Many of the

plants with leaf regenerants showed loss of chlorophyll and browning of portions

of the stem.

Although regeneration in Oedipodiella is not dependent upon removal of the

leaf from the stem, ALLORGE (1960) found regeneration from detached leaves

Source : MNHN, Paris

16 A.E. RUSHING and D.M.J. MUELLER

of O. australis var. catalaunica. After observing regeneration on leaf nerves of

cultured plants, she studied the subsequent development of detached leaves

which had already begun regeneration and detached leaves which showed no

activity. She found that when in contact with the substrate, masses of cells and

young gametophores already present continued to develop and the leaves wi-

thout previous activity began to regenerate.

‘This regeneration phenomenon likely has a two-fold impact on multiplication

of Oedipodiella; it would insure the continued presence of the species in a parti-

cular area and could also be important in long-range dispersal. ALLORGE

(1960) observed that, in culture, leaves with young gametophores. present

eventually lost chlorophyll, became detached and came into contact with the

surrounding substrate. With rhizoids present at the base, the young plants be-

came attached to the substrate and continued growth. Although regeneration in

Oedipodiella has been observed only in culture, there is no reason to assume that

the potential for multiplication by this method does not exist in nature, as has

been observed in other bryophytes (CHOPRA & SHARMA 1956, GLIME 1970).

In this study, portions of the stem and rhizome from dried herbarium speci-

mens were used to initiate cultures of Oedipodiella. If these leaf regenerants

possess a similar potential for growth after a period of drying, dispersal of deta-

ched leaves with regenerants and young gametophores already present could be

an effective means of dispersal of the species, as well as an adaptation to drought

stress. SERGIO and SIM-SIM (1984) found that some specimens of Dialytrichia

mucronata were able to regenerate from the stems, rhizoids and leaves after

several months of drying, although regeneration in other specimens did not oc-

cur after excessive drying. They considered this capacity for regeneration to be

an adaptation to drought conditions encountered by this atlantic-mediterranean

species. In Oedipodiella, the young regenerants are capable of immediate growth

(ALLORGE 1960) and, perhaps, have the potential to resume growth after

drying as in the case of regeneration from dried stems and rhizomes of Oedipo-

diella.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. — We thank R.E. Magill for providing South African specimens

of Oedipodiella australis var. australis and K.S. Renzaglia for reading the manuscript.

LITERATURE CITED

ALLORGE V., 1960 — Quelques observations sur Oedipodiella australis (Wag. & Dix.) Dix.

var. catalaunica P. de la V. Rev. Bryol. Lichénol. 29 : 102-109.

BOPP M., 1983 — Developmental physiology of bryophytes. In : R.M. SCHUSTER, New

Manual of Bryology, 1. Nichinan : Hattori Botanical Laboratory. Pp. 276-324.

CHOPRA R.S. & SHARMA P.D., 1956 — Natural regeneration in Pogonatum Palis. J.

Indian Bot, Soc. 35 :117-119.

Source : MNHN, Paris

REGENERATION IN OEDIPODIELLA 47:

CHOPRA R.S. & SHARMA P.D., 1958 — Regeneration in Polytrichaceae. J. Indian Bot.

Soc. 37 : 353-357.

GEMMELL A.R., 1953 — Regeneration from the leaf of Atrichum undulatum. Trans. Brit.

Bryol. Soc, 2 : 203-213.

GILES K.L., 1971 — Dedifferentiation and regeneration in bryophytes :a selective review.

New Zealand J. Bot. 9 :689-694.

GLIME J.M., 1970 — An observation on the vegetative reproduction of Scapania undulata.

Bryologist 73 : 624-625.

HEALD F.D.F., 1898 — A study of regeneration as exhibited by mosses. Bot. Gaz. 26 :

167-210.

INOUE H., 1958 — Regeneration of the leaf of Acrobolus ciliatus. J. Jap. Bot. 33 : 302-306.

LERSTON N.R., 1961 — A comparative study of generation from isolated gametophytic

tissue іп Mnium. Bryologist 64 : 37-47.

MACNUTT M.M. & MALTZAHN K.E. von, 1960 — Cellular differentiation and rediffe-

rentiation in Splachnum ampullaceum. Canad. J. Bot. 38 : 895-907.

MALTZAHN K.E. von & MACNUTT M.M., 1958 — Regeneration in Splachnum ampulla-

ceum. Canad. J. Bot. 36 : 33-38.

MEYER S.L., 1942 — Physiological studies on mosses. IV. Regeneration in Physcomitrium

turbinatum. Bot. Gaz. 104 : 128-132.

MUELLER D.MJ. & RUSHING A.E., 1985 — Development of the gemmae of Oedipodiella

(Musci). I. Scanning electron microscopy and growth in culture. Bryologist 88 : 69-73.

NARAYANASWAMI S. & LAL M., 1957 — Observations on regeneration in some Indian

mosses. Phytomorphology 7 : 244-252.

NEUMANN A.J., RUSHING А.Е. & MUELLER D.M.J., 1982 - A modified, short protocol

for preparation of specimens for scanning electron microscopy. Bryologist 85: 74-78.

NOGUCHI A. & FURUTA A., 1956 — Germination of spores and regeneration of leaves of

Merceya lingulata and M. gedeana. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 17 : 32-44.

SCHOFIELD W.B. & HEBANT C., 1984 — The morphology and anatomy of the moss

gametophore. In : ВМ. SCHUSTER, New Manual of Bryology, 2. Nichinan : Hattori

Botanical Laboratory. Pp. 627-657.

SCHUSTER R.M., 1966 — The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America, I. New

York : Columbia University Press. 802 pp.

SELKIRK P.M., 1980 — Regeneration from Dawsonia leaves. Bryologist 83 : 542-544..

SÉRGIO C. & SIM-SIM M., 1984 — Dialytrichia mucronata (Brid.) Broth. au Portugal et à

Madère. Taxonomie, écologie, adaptation à la sécheresse. Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol.

5:8798.

WILMOT-DEAR C.M., 1980 — A study of regeneration from leaves in some species of

Pogonatum and Polytrichum. J. Bryol. 11 :145-160.

Source : MNHN, Paris

E Slt has ي‎ T> 0061

oi uus

Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 1986, 7 (1) :19-35 19

CALLIERGON LAXIRETE ZANT. ET BARTLETT,

A NEW MOSS SPECIES FROM NEW ZEALAND,

WITH SOME REMARKS ON C. SARMENTOSUM

(WAHLENB.) KINDB.

B.O. VAN ZANTEN* and J.K. BARTLETT**

ABSTRACT. — A new species of the genus Calliergon from New Zealand is described as

C. laxirete Zant. et Bartlett, belonging to the new subgenus Laxirete Zant. et Bartlett. The

genus Sarmentypnum Tuom. et T. Koponen is reduced to subgenus Sarmentypnum (Tuom.

ес T. Koponen) Zant. et Bartlett of the genus Calliergon. С. sarmentosum (Wahlenb.) Kindb.

f. pumilum (Milde) Moenk. is reduced to a synonym of C. sarmentosum var. sarmentosum.

INTRODUCTION

In 1959 the first author collected a Calliergon-like moss in a swamp on Mt.

Ruapehu (North Island), which immediately struck his attention by its wine-red

colour similar to the well-known Calliergon sarmentosum (Wahlenb.) Kindb. The

material had very large lamina cells, which differed greatly from those of C. sar-

mentosum. With SAINSBURY (1955) the specimen was unidentifiable. The

moss was then put aside until the KARCZMARZ world revision of Calliergon

was published in 1972. The specimen keyed out to C. sarmentosum, but KARCZ-

MARZ did not mention any specimens of that species, or of any other species of

Calliergon with the size of the lamina cells as large as in our specimen. All herba-

rium specimens of C. sarmentosum we had at hand had much smaller lamina

cells. The leaf shape came nearest to f. pumilum (Milde) Moenk., as described

and drawn by KARCZMARZ. Later we found two more specimens among the

New Zealand collections (Mt. Cook, leg. Van Zanten, and Mt. Ruapehu, leg.

Bartlett) which match the first unusual specimen. These 3 specimens are reco-

gnized as a new species for which we propose the name Calliergon laxirete Zant.

et Barlett.

* State University of Groningen, Biological Centre, Dept. of Plant Ecology (Bryology),

Р.О. Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands.

** 6 Grove Lane, Pakuranga, Auckland, New Zealand.

Source : MNHN, Paris

20 B.O. VAN ZANTEN and J.K. BARTLETT

METHODS

We selected 50 specimens assigned to Calliergon sarmentosum (including the

varieties we had at hand viz. var. fontinaloides (Berggr.) Roth, var. fallaciosum

(Berggr.) Milde and var. subpinnatum Warnst.) from hb GRO, L, and the private

hb of J.K. Bartlett. The selection was made so that we had (as far as possible)

specimens of each part of its area. Because all specimens of C. laxirete came

from New Zealand, we selected a higher number of plants from that country.

We did not see any material from Africa. Because of the similarity in leaf shape

between C. laxirete and C. sarmentosum f. pumilum, as drawn by KARCZ-

MARZ, we also studied the type of this taxon which we had on loan from

Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna (W).

A microscopical preparation of each specimen was made (in Hoyer's solution)

of ca 10 leaves which were detached carefully from a well-developed main stem

1 1/2 - 2 cm from the stem tip.

The following characteristics of the leaves were measured or calculated :

1. length of leaf (a) іп 10ths of mm, fig. 1A;

2. width in midleaf (b) in 10ths of mm, fig. 1 A;

3. width/length ratio (b/a) of leaf in %, fig. 1A;

4. ratio width of leaf at 1/6 from apex/width in midleaf (c/b) in %, fig. 1A;

5. ratio width of leaf base/width in midleaf (d/b) in %, fig. 1 A;

6. shape of extreme leaf apex, fig. 1B;

7. ratio length of nerve/length of leaf (e/a) in %, fig. 1A;

8. ratio width of nerve base/width of leaf base (f/d) in 75, fig. 1A;

9. maximum length of lamina cells (g) in um, fig. 1C;

10. maximum width of lamina cells (h) in um, fig. 1C;

11. ratio cell width/cell length (h/g) in %, fig. 1C;

12. shrinkage of leaves;

13. width of walls of lamina cells in um;

14. differentiation of basal cells, fig. 1E;

15. number of alar cells, fig. 1E;

16. differentiation of group of supra alar cellz (i/k), fig. 1E;

17. presence or absence of cell wall pits;

18. presence or absence of central strand, figs. 1F and 1G;

19. thickening and size of cortical and epidermal cells of stem, fig. 1F and 1G.

ad. 6. — The extreme leaf apex may be either flat, more or less canaliculate,

or cucullate and with or without a (recurved) apiculus. This is coded as indicated

in Fig. 1B. The distinction between «flat» and «canaliculate» is so slight that

we put this in one category. If at least some of the leaves had a cucullate apex

this was coded as «+». If an apiculus is present, it may not occur on all leaves.

Tf at least some leaves are apiculate, this was coded as «+».

ad. 9, 10 and 12. — The length and width (inclusive cell walls), is measured in

midleaf halfway between the nerve and margin. For each leaf the average length

Source : MNHN, Paris

CALLIERGON LAXIRETE, A NEW SPECIES FROM NEW ZEALAND 21

LA VE etre Boles Dens

B y sud

E d2

Fig. 1.— A : leaf, B : leaf apices : - = canaliculate and flat, += cucullate, + = apiculate, С:

areolation in midleaf, D : section of lamina in midleaf, E : basal areolation, 41, 42 and

d3 — degrees of differentiation of basal and alar cells, s — basal and alar cells similar,

Е : part of cross section of stem with central strand, С : part of cross section of stem

without central strand. For further details see text, chapter «methods».

and width of the 5 largest cells (touched by line «b» of fig. 1A at one side of

the nerve) was taken.

For the width of the cells we used the same cells as for the length, and we

measured the broadest part of the cells (fig. 1C, h). In many specimens there is

great variation in the width of the cells whereas the length of the cells is more

constant. In these specimens the measured values are higher than the average

cell width if the cells were taken at random. The variation in width is more

marked in the dry state (or in Hoyer's solution) than in the wet state.

The variation of the width of the lamina cells within one leaf is caused by

the fact that the longest axis (fig. 1D) of the lamina cells (as seen in cross sec-

tion) ranges between being in the plane of the lamina and being at right angles

to it, thus causing an irregular crenulation on both the adaxial and the abaxial

Source : MNHN, Paris

22 B.O. VAN ZANTEN and J.K. BARTLETT

surfaces. External examination of these cells show them to range between

broad and narrow depending on their orientation to the plane of the lamina

(fig. 1D). Because this orientation is often oblique it obscures the areolation and

the lamina, although being unistratose, may be seemingly bistratose in some

parts.

The number of narrow cells (in the dry state or Hoyer's solution) is probably

a measure for the degree of shrinkage of the leaf when drying.

The degree of shrinkage of leaves is measured by estimation of the area occu-

pied by narrow cells when embedded in Hoyer's solution, and coded (by exter-

nal examination) as follows :

: all lamina cells of (nearly) the same width;

: a few narrow cells present;

: narrow cells rather numerous, but covering less than 1/3 of leaf surface;

+ : narrow cells numerous, covering more than 1/3 of leaf surface.

Ter

ad. 14. — The degree of differentiation of the group of juxtacostal basal cells

(the cells between alar cells and nerve) is coded as follows (fig: 1E) : d (= diffe-

rentiated) and s (= similar to alar cells). The first category is divided in d1, 42

and 43 depending on the length of the cells (41 = short cells, d3 = long cells),

ad.15. — The average number of alar cells is calculated for one leaf angle by

counting the number of alar cells (on both sides) of 3 leaves and dividing by 6.

ad. 16. — The degree of differentiation of the group of supra alar cells is

calculated as the quotient of its width (in the transverse direction of the leaf)

and the distance between leaf margin and nerve (i/k; fig. 1E).

ad. 17. — The presence or absence of pits in the cell walls is coded as fol-

lows : «> = no pits present, «+» = only a few pits present in the basal cells,

«+» = pits numerous, but (nearly) confined to basal part of leaf and «++» =

pits numerous in leaf base and midleaf, scarce or absent in upper part of leaf.

For all measurements the average of three leaves (per specimen) was used

for the diagrams.

Because there was no evidence of any difference in the mode of branching

and the length of the stem, these characteristics were not studied. Most of the

specimens of C. sarmentosum and all of C. laxirete were sterile; we could there-

fore not study the sporophyte.

RESULTS

Size and shape of leaf. — The leaf length of C. laxirete falls entirely within

the variation of sarmentosum, but the average is somewhat lower (fig. 3 and 8,

char. 1). The width in midleaf (fig. 3 and 8, char. 2) of C. laxirete falls nearly

entirely within the variation of sarmentosum; the average lies at lower end of

the variation of C. sarmentosum. In the relative length (char. 3, general leaf

Source : MNHN, Paris

CALLIERGON LAXIRETE, A NEW SPECIES FROM NEW ZEALAND 23

اص

Fig. 2. — A-G : Calliergon laxirete Zant. et Bartlett — A: leaf (Van Zanten 1617, holotype),

B: leaf (Van Zanten 7402716), C: leaf apex (holotype), D : areolation in midleaf (holo-

type), E: cross section of lamina in midleaf (holotype), F : cross section of stem with leaf

base (holotype), С : basal areolation (holotype). H-N : Calliergon sarmentosum (Wahlenb,)

Kindb. — H: areolation in midleaf (holotype of f. pumilum), I: leaf (Fuegia, Roivainen

23-2-1929), J: leaf (Fuegia, Roivainen 15-12-1928), K: leaf (South Shetlands, Fródin

11), L: leaf (N. Zealand, leg. ?, Westcoast, 4-1893), M: leaf (N. Zealand, Mt. Trovatore,

Bartlett), N : leaf (holotype of f. pumilum).

shape) there is no difference of importance between the two taxa (fig. 3 and 8),

although there is a tendency for C. laxirete to have slightly narrower leaves. The

relative width of the leaf at 1/6 from apex (char. 4) of C. laxirete falls outside

Source : MNHN, Paris

24 B.O. VAN ZANTEN and J.K. BARTLETT

leaf length in tenths of m

width/Vength ratio of leaf in x

char. 4

ratio width leaf at 1/6 fron PUS Width leaf base/widtn midleat in Y

apex/vidth midlea in 2

char. 7

ratio nerve length/leaf length in X

ratio width nerve base/width leaf base in 2

N. Guinea

DIN іаїм

Antarctica шш полне Hemisphere

Fig. 3. — Frequency histograms of characters 1-8.

width in widleaf in tenths of om

shape extreme

Feat apex

the variation amplitude of sarmentosum (fig. 3 and 8). The same holds for the

relative width (char. 5) of the leaf base (fig. 3 and 8).

This is also shown in fig. 5, in which the narrowing of the leaf base is plotted

against the narrowing of the leaf apex. The isolated position of C. laxirete is

notable. In this diagram, it is also shown that there is a slight (but overlapping)

Source : MNHN. Paris

CALLIERGON LAXIRETE, A NEW SPECIES FROM NEW ZEALAND 25

char. 9 car, 10

max. length of lamina cells im um

char. 11

fax! width of lamina cells in vm

E shrinkage of

T 7o ono os и leaves

ratio cell width/cell length in $

char. 14

hunter of alar cells of one Тезе angle

GE. 4% Oo A ә 5

width of walls of Taming differentiation differentiation of group of presence or

cells in um of basal celis Supra alar cells absence of cell

sal pits

С к. estand me

E) Antarctica ШЕ Northern Hemisphere

Fig. 4. — Frequency histograms of characters 9-17.

difference between C. sarmentosum from New Zealand and from Antarctica /

southern South America. New Zealand specimens tend to have a slightly less

acute apex, and a slightly more narrowed leaf base (this may be real or due to

the limited number of species we used). Specimens from the Northern Hemi-

sphere are covering the whole range of variation.

Source : MNHN. Paris

26 B.O. VAN ZANTEN and J.K. BARTLETT

Nerve. — As shown in fig. 3 and 8 (char. 7) there is a significant distinction

between C. sarmentosum and laxirete in the relative length of the nerve. In C.

laxirete the nerve ends in the apex or at most one or two cells below it, whereas

in sarmentosum the nerve covers between 66 and 94 % of the leaf length. The

diagr. shows further two peaks within C. sarmentosum, one between 66 and

78 % and one between 82 and 94 %. New Zealand plants tend to have a longer

nerve than plants from the Northern Hemisphere. This correlation between nerve

length and geographical origin may be real or due to the limited number of spe-

cimens we used. It has not been studied further.

The relative width of the nerve base (char. 8) is shown in fig. 3 and 8. C.

laxirete lies at the lower end of the variation of sarmentosum, which is mainly

caused by the relative broad leaf base of C. laxirete.

Lamina cells. — The maximum cell length (char. 9) and width (char. 10) is

shown in fig. 8 and in frequency histograms (fig. 4). In C. laxirete large cells

are са 140-155 um long and 10-14 um wide, and in sarmentosum 40-115 um

long (average 65 ит) and 4-9 um wide (average 6.5 um). These values are higher

than those mentioned by some other authors : KANDA (1977) mentions as

maximum length and width 100, and 5 um resp., KARCZMARZ (1972) 70 (-80),

and 3.5 um resp., SAINSBURY (1955) 80, and 6 um resp., SMITH (1978) 80,

and 7 um resp. This discrepancy is probably (partly) caused because we measu-

red of each leaf only long cells (see methods). Because of this method the ave-

rage cell length and width as measured by us, should agree with the upper limit

by the other authors. The values given by LAWTON (1971) (max. length 120

т O ten testand

Y Û Steantarctle + South Medica ER

Er зы Guinea

= © Northern Henispnere Om

= Olax

n. o

f o

= 5 со

$e. арап

5 o. %

2 о,

Е Se

Eso a

= .

За ae

ES EN

à s әд 4 8 4 d^ m wo

ratio width leaf base/width midleaf in (char. 5)

Fig. 5. — Scatter diagram of the relative width of the leaf base (char. 5) plotted against

the relative width of the leaf apex (char. 4). For further details see text.

Source : MNHN, Paris

CALLIERGON LAXIRETE, A NEW SPECIES FROM NEW ZEALAND 27

and max. width 8 шт), and NYHOLM (1960) (max. width 10 um) agree with

our values.

The length and width of the lamina cells show no overlap. The width/length

ratio (general shape of lamina cells, char. 11) is shown in fig. 4 and 8. The ave-

rage of C. laxirete coincides nearly with that of sarmentosum.

Fig. 6 is a scatter diagram of the max. cell length plotted against the max.

width. The isolated position of C. laxirete is clearly shown. Within C. sarmento-

sum there is no correlation between cell length and width, which means that

the shape of the lamina cells is variable.

The shrinkage of the leaves (fig. 4 and 8, char. 12) was strongest in C. laxirete

and absent in some plants from New Zealand and the Northern Hemisphere.

There is no distinct geographical correlation.

Ratio cell length/leaf length. — In fig. 7 the leaf length is plotted against

the max. length of the lamina cells. The diagram shows that C. laxirete is clearly

lax

134 © New Zealand o

2 О Subantarctic + South America

2124 ж New Guinea

= ® Northern Hemisphere

O lax

= O Тах

= е

z e.

5 evo 2 ec

Ф um ФФ O O,

o р oe 3 do

8 5

% 60 80 100 120 140 160

max. cell length іп um (char. 9)

Fig. 6. — Scatter diagram of the maximum length of the lamina cells in jim (char. 9) plotted

against the maximum width (char. 10). For further details see text.

Source : MNHN, Paris

28 B.O. VAN ZANTEN and J.K. BARTLETT

separated by its cell length. Within C. sarmentosum there exists a correlation :

short leaves tend to have shorter cells.

In fact the shortleaved plants look very different from other specimens of

C. sarmentosum, and we are not convinced that they belong to the same taxon.

These plants may belong to one of the varieties mentioned by KARCZMARZ,

although the leaf length given by him (2-2.5 (-3) mm) would even exclude C.

sarmentosum. Because the shortleaved plants are very different from C. laxirete

we did not study further the relationship between the two taxa.

Basal, alar and supra alar cells. — Fig. 4 (char. 14) is a frequency histogram of

the degree of differentiation of the basal cells. In this diagram categories «41»,

«d2» and «d3» are put close together because the distinctions are slight, and

category «s» is set apart because it is quite distinct from the others. There is no

overlap between «d» and «s».

The number of alar cells per leaf angle (char. 15) is depicted in fig. 4 and 8.

In C. laxirete the alar cells are not differentiated and in sarmentosum there are

always a number of alar cells present. Within C. sarmentosum there is a tendency

for New Zealand plants to have fewer alar cells than in plants from other regions,

especially from the Subantarctic Isls. and southern South America.

160 1

rj PIA О lax O lax

9 Olax

2144 О New Zealand

= О Subantarctic + S. Am, *

^ ж New Guinea а

T 1004 © Northern Hemisphere rak

= o

= i

E а

5 604 е

5 4 48

. . *

i 40:

Өз 12 ít aA thg 28. 36

length of leaf in mm (char. 1)

Fig. 7. — Scatter diagram of the length of the leaf in mm (char. 1) plotted against the maxi-

mum length of the lamina cells in um (char. 9). For further details see text.

Source : MNHN, Paris

CALLIERGON LAXIRETE, A NEW SPECIES FROM NEW ZEALAND 29

The degree of differentiation of the group of supra alar cells (char. 16) is

depicted in fig. 4. In C. laxirete the supra alar cells are not differentiated, where-

as they are always more or less developed in sarmentosum. There is a slight

tendency in New Zealand plants to cover a smaller area than in plants from other

regions.

Cell wall pits (char. 17) do not occur in C. laxirete, but are more or less

developed, sometimes nearly absent (but never entirely so) in sarmentosum

(fig. 4 and 8).

Stem anatomy. — A central strand is present in C. sarmentosum and absent

in laxirete. The cortical and epidermal cells in C. sarmentosum are smaller than

in laxirete, and the epidermal cells have more strongly thickened walls (fig. 1F,

G and fig. 2F). Because the epidermal cells of C. laxirete are not larger and not

thinner than the underlying cortical cells, the epidermis cannot be considered

to be an hyalodermis as, e. g. in Drepanocladus revolvens (Sw.) Warnst. or Cal-

liergonella cuspidata (Hedw.) Loeske.

Since there is little variation in the stem anatomy in C. sarmentosum we only

studied a limited number in this respect.

Calliergon sarmentosum f. pumilum (Milde) Moenk. — In the diagrams we

indicated the holotype (from W) of C. sarmentosum f. pumilum, This form

falls within the range of variation for all studied characteristics. Only in one

character (no. 15, number of alar cells) f. pumilum lies near the edge of the

variation range (fig. 4). According to KARCZMARZ (1972) this form «is distin-

guished by small stems and fine appearance. It differs from other forms of C.

sarmentosum by structure of alar and apex cells». The drawing by KARCZ-

MARZ (Plate X, В 1-2) of stem leaves of the holotype shows a rounded leaf apex

without apiculus and a wide leaf base. We found the leaves of the holotype to

be quite variable, but in most leaves the apex was more or less acute with an

apiculus, and the leaf base more or less narrowed (fig. 2N). We see therefore

no reason to distinguish f. pumilum as a separate taxon.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS

1. C. laxirete differs from C. sarmentosum by the following characters :

. leaf apex broader (char. 4);

. leaf base not narrowed (char. 5);

. extreme apex always rounded (rarely so in C. sarmentosum) (char. 6);

. nerve longer, ending in apex (char. 7);

lamina cells considerably larger (char. 9 and 10);

. shrinkage of lamina cells more strongly pronounced (char. 12);

. basal, alar and supra alar cells not differentiated (char. 14, 15 and 16);

. pits in walls of lamina cells always absent (rarely nearly absent in C.

sarmentosum) (char. 17);

i. central strand absent (char. 18);

mm Mme eo св

Source : MNHN, Paris

B.O. VAN ZANTEN and J.K. BARTLETT

' ”

e .

do жие

ea or LI

i S e.e

а ~ 2

. m

e 8 58 3

. AA

5 e.

leaf length

width midleaf

ratio width/length

ratio width apex/midleaf

ratio width base/width midleaf

shape apex

ratio length nerve/leaf

ratio width nerve/leaf base

max. length lamina cells

max. width lamina cells

ratio width/length lamina cells

shrinkage of leaves

width cell walls

basal cells

alar cells

supra alar cells

cell wall pits

ventral strand

Thy enin epidermal and

нар cell

Fig. 8. — Variation amplitude with averages of characters 1-19 of Calliergon sarmentosum

(©) and C. laxirete (ө). For further legend see text chapter «methods».

j. cortical and epidermal cells less incrassate and larger (char. 19).

2. C. sarmentosum f. pumilum is reduced to a synonym of C. sarmentosum var.

sarmentosum.

Source : MNHN, Paris

CALLIERGON LAXIRETE, A NEW SPECIES FROM NEW ZEALAND 31

Conclusion. — C. laxirete belongs to a well-defined new species.

RELATIONSHIP

TUOMIKOSKI and KOPONEN (1979) in a paper on the generic taxonomy

of Calliergon and Drepanocladus segregated Calliergon sarmentosum from the

genus Calliergon as the monotypic genus Sarmentypnum Tuom. et T. Koponen

based on the following characters :

1. Tendency to develop a dark red colour;

2. The nearly always visible (though reduced) apiculus;

3. The alar cells fewer in number and non decurrent;

4. The absence of rhizoids at leaf apex (but one functionless nematogenous cell

often present).

In these characters C. sarmentosum resembles (according to TUOMIKOSKI

and KOPONEN) more closely straightleaved forms of Warnstorfia exannulata

(B.S.G.) Loeske (= Drepanocladus exannulatus (B.S.G.) Warnst.) rather than

other members of the genus Calliergon. The genus Warnstorfia differs mainly

by its acuminate and usually falcate leaves.

C. laxirete fits better into the genus Sarmentypnum than in Calliergon as

defined by TUOMIKOSKI and KOPONEN (1979), because of its red colour

and absence of rhizoids (but presence of one or more functionless nematogenous

cells in the leaf apex). The general leaf shape of C. laxirete would fit in either

genus. The absence of an apiculus does not exclude the genus Sarmentypnum

because it is also absent in some forms of C. sarmentosum.

On the other hand, C. laxirete has some characters which do not fit into

either Calliergon s. str. or Sarmentypnum, viz. 1) the very large lamina cells, 2)

the absence of alar cells, 3) the absence of a central strand and 4) the rather

thinwalled cortical and epidermal cells. In our opinion C. laxirete differs more

from Sarmentypnum than from some species of Calliergon, such as forms of

C. cordifolium or C. stramineum.

Thus, if we should consider Sarmentypnum a separate genus, we would have

to establish a new genus for C. laxirete. However, the relationship with C.

sarmentosum is clear (unless the sporophyte, which is presently unknown

should give support to a generic rank), and we prefer to place the new species

in a new subgenus of Culliergon. We would propose to call it subgenus Laxirete

Zant. et Bartlett.

We prefer to keep Sarmentypnum in the genus Calliergon as subgenus Sar-

mentypnum (Tuom. ес Koponen) Zant. et Bartlett. We are not convinced that

the differences of Sarmentypnum with numbers of Calliergon s. str. are as clear

as stated by TUOMIKOSKI and KOPONEN. The red-colouring, e. 8» is absent

in some infraspecific taxa of Sarmentypnum sarmentosum (e. g., f. fontinaloides

(Berggr.) Moenk.), and may be present (though rarely) in C. cordifolium (Hedw.)

Kindb. (REILING 1975). Specimens of C. stramineum collected from South

Source : MNHN, Paris

3 B.O. VAN ZANTEN and J.K. BARTLETT

Westland, New Zealand by Bartlett also show a reddish colouration especially in

semiaquatic plants that have emergent stems. The lower immersed stems have

the characteristic stramineous tint, while the emergent stem tips are erubescent.

NOMENCLATURAL CONSEQUENCES

Calliergon (Sull.) Кіпа. subgen. Sarmentypnum (Tuom. et T. Koponen) Zant.

et Bartlett stat. nov. Basionym : genus Sarmentypnum Tuom. et T. Kopo-

nen, Ann. Bot. Fennici (1979) 16 : 223.

Calliergon (Sull.) Kindb. subgen. Laxirete Zant. et Bartlett subgen. nov.

A subgen. Sarmentypnum differt : folia lingulata; cellulae laminae laxissimae;

cellulae alares atque cellulae basales centrales aequales; costa percurrens; filum

centrale deest.

Calliergon laxirete Zant. et Bartlett spec. nov. (fig. 2)

Plantae vinoso-purpureae; folia lingulata, semper sine apiculo; cellulae laminae

laxissimae, usque 170 um longae atque 14 um latae; cellulae alares atque cellulae

basales centrales aequales, plus minusve inflatae, 50 um longae atque 40 um

latae, sine lacunis; costa percurrens; filum centrale deest.

Plants of medium size, wine-red or brownish-red, yellowish-red at stem tips,

forming loose tufts, stems to ca 10 cm long, simple or dichotomously divided

sometimes more or less irregularly-pinnately branched, prostrate, reddish or

reddish-brown, the older parts usually with rather sparse reddish-brown, smooth

rhizoids; cross section of stem without central strand, inner medullar cells thin-

walled (walls colourless), more or less isodiametrical, up to ca 50 um іп diam.,

outer medullar cells as the inner ones but walls thicker, reddish, cortical cells

in one or partly two rows irregular quadrate-hexagonal, up to ca 40 um in diam.

with firm, reddish walls, epidermal cells irregularly quadrate to shortly trans-

versely rectangular, up to ca 25 um long, walls firm, reddish, often yellowish-

brown at stem tips. Stem leaves erect-spreading to spreading, at stem tips some-

times nearly appressed, lingulate (never with apiculus), 1.7-2.6 mm long and

0.4-0.9 mm wide, more or less shrunken and narrower when dry, not or hardly

narrowed at base, not decurrent, more or less concave; apex flat or somewhat

canaliculate, sometimes twisted; leaf margin entire or very slightly crenulate

near apex; nerve percurrent, ending one cell or at most two cells below margin

of apex; branch leaves as the stem leaves but often slightly smaller; lamina cells

prosenchymatous, 120-155 um long and 5-14 um wide, varying greatly in width

(especially in the dry state), firm-walled (but not incrassate), without pits;

marginal cells usually slightly narrower, forming an indistinct border, cells to-

wards apex gradually smaller, ca 10-50 um long and ca 10 um wide, often

somewhat vermicular, usually with one or more larger (probably functionless)

nematogenous cells on one or both sides of the nerve, cells towards base gradual-

ly shorter and wider, ca 45-60 um long and 30-40 um wide, across the insertion

often with one or two rows of sometimes yellowish-brown, more or less inflated

Source : MNHN, Paris

CALLIERGON LAXIRETE, A NEW SPECIES FROM NEW ZEALAND 33

cells, superimposed on the basal lamina cells; wall of basal cells firm (not ac-

tually incrassate), not pitted; alar cells not differentiated. Cross sections of

lamina cells show the longest axis in the plane of the lamina or gradually rotating

to be at right angles to it causing an irregular crenulation on both the adaxial

and the abaxial surface. Pseudoparaphyllia like the leaves but much smaller

(ca 0.7 mm long). Gametoecia and sporophyte unknown.

Ecology. — In swamps or in and along running water, attached to stones, at

900-1400 m.

Distribution. — Endemic to New Zealand.

Examined specimens. — NEW ZEALAND. North Island, Tongariro Nat. Park,

Mt. Ruapehu, above Chateau, ca 1400 m, in exposed swamp, leg. Van Zanten,

5-12-1959, No. 1617 (holotype GRO, isotypes AAU, B, BM, BOL, CANB,

COLO, DUIS, FH, FLAS, L, LAE, MO, NICH, NY, PNH, S-PA, TNS, U, UBC);

ibid. Turoa Skifield, Bartlett s.n., 1983, (hb Bartlett, GRO); South Island, Mt.

Cook Nat. Park, above Hermitage, ca 900 m, on stones in and along streamlet,

partly inundated, Van Zanten 74.02.716 (GRO, L, hb Bartlett).

The type has been distributed earlier to the above mentioned herbaria as

Calliergon cf. sarmentosum (Wahlenb.) Rich. et Wallace.

The two specimens from Mt. Ruapehu are nearly exactly alike. The specimen

from Mt. Cook area is more brownish-red instead of wine-red, and the leaves

of the basal parts of the stems are completely eroded or only the nerve is still

present. The stems of the Ruapehu plants are almost unbranched or some dicho-

tomous branching is present, whereas in the Mt. Cook specimen there is, at least

in some parts, an irregular pinnate branching present, the branches being nearly

parallel to the main stem. Moreover, the Mt. Cook specimen has broader leaves

than the Ruapehu plants. This differences are probably caused by the different

habitat : Mt. Ruapehu plants growing in swamps and Mt. Cook plant in or near

running water attached to stones.

LOCALITIES OF CALLIERGON SARMENTOSUM IN NEW ZEALAND

NORTH ISL. N.W. Ruahine Range, Makirikiri Reporoa (fide SAINSBURY

1955); ibid. Mokai Patea Range, ca 5100’.

SOUTH ISL.N.W. Nelson, Saddle between Xenacus Peak and Mt. Aorere, ca

4100'; ibid. Tasman Mts., Mt. Cobb, ca 5200’; ibid. Upper Cobb Valley, head-

waters of Burgoo Stream, 3200"; ibid. Mt. Zetland, Wangapeke Track area, ca

4700’; ibid. Mt. Lockett; ibid. valley between Diamond Lake and Ruby Lake, ca

3100 (GRO); ibid. Mt. Peel, са 4900’; ibid. Owen Range, Sanctuary Basin, at

base of Cullifords Hill, ca 3200 ; E. Nelson, St. Arnaud Range, headwaters of

Travers River, са 3500-5600’; ibid. Mt. Roberts (fide SAINSBURY 1955); S.

Nelson, Northern Paparoa Range, Buckland Peak, са 4800’; Lewis Pass area

(Nelson-Canterbury boundary), 4700' (GRO); ibid. Mt. Trovatore (GRO);

Source : MNHN, Paris

34 B.O. VAN ZANTEN and J.K. BARTLETT

p me ve Te

Noro

Lora Hovel тыме Kings is

демегін

сәлден

or СЭ т” me

"e ve

Fig. 9. — Distribution of Calliergon sarmentosum and С. laxirete in New Zealand. ӨС. sar-

mentosum (О not seen), x C. laxirete. 3 specimens from Westland without exact locality

are not indicated on the map.

Marlborough, Branch River, Saxton Pass, ca 1200 m, in bog, no. 26441b; ibid.

Acheron River, ca. 1400 m, damp low tussock, no. 26554a; Westland, Southern

Paparoa Range, Croesus Track, ca 3400”; ibid. Otira, Kelly’s Hill (fide SAINS-

BURY 1955); ibid. 5000’ (GRO); Arthurs Pass National Park, Blimit Col, ca 4500-

Source : MNHN, Paris

CALLIERGON LAXIRETE, A NEW SPECIES FROM NEW ZEALAND 35

5800’; ibid. Rough Creek Basin, ca 5000’; ibid. Temple Basin, 5200” (GRO):

Westcoast, leg. ?, 4-1983, ex hb Petrie, 3 specimens (H); Canterbury, Craigieburn

Mts. (fide SAINSBURY 1955); ibid. Mt. Cook Nat. Park (H.D. Wilson, pers.

comm.); Otago, Rock and Pillar Range (fide SAINSBURY 1955); South, Fiord-

land Nat. Park, Key Summit, ca 3200’; ibid. Wilmot Pass, ca 3400’; ibid. Percy

Saddle near Lake Manapouri, 4000” (GRO); ibid. Borland Saddle; Spey River

area, headwaters.

All specimens are collected by J.K. Bartlett, and in his private herbarium

(some also in GRO), unless indicated otherwise.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. — We are indebted to D.F.T. van Hoffen for making the prepa-

rations and doing part of the measurements, to A. de Vries for preparing the drawings, and

to B.N.F. Langenkamp and Mrs. C.J. Hoeksema for preparing the figures, the latter also for

typing the manuscript. We wish to thank the curators of the herb. L and W for arranging

loans.

REFERENCES

KANDA H., 1977 — A revision of the family Amblystegiaceae of Japan II. J. Sci. Hiroshima

Univ., Ser. B, Div. 2 (Bot.), «1976» 1977, 16 (1) : 47-119.

KARCZMARZ K., 1972 — A monograph of the genus Calliergon (Sull.) Kindb. Monograph.

Bot. «1971» 1972, 34 : 1-209, 20 pl.

LAWTON E., 1971 — Moss flora of the Pacific Northwest. Nichinan, Miyazaki (Japan) :

The Hattori Bot. Lab.

NYHOLM E., 1960 — Illustrated moss flora of Fennoscandia, II. Musci, fasc. 4. Lund :

Gleerup.

REILING H., 1975 — De mosflora van de Lettelberter Petten (internal report Univ. Gro-

ningen).

SAINSBURY G.O.K., 1955 — A handbook of the New Zealand mosses. Roy. Soc. New

Zealand Bull. 5 : 1-490.

SMITH A.J.E., 1978 — The moss flora of Britain and Ireland. London : Cambridge Univ.

Press.

TUOMIKOSKI В. and KOPONEN Т., 1979 — On the generic taxonomy of Calliergon and

Drepanocladus (Musci, Amblystegiaceae). Ann. Bot. Fenn. 16 :213-227.

Source : MNHN, Paris

ced ante grid

Вы Сір op y

8 s

te nobitws SRE AR ЧАЯ

Pe E AR wo

street oh ase йт XE — ET

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15 жойы А 1 fel.

Lo.

AGUDA здае AARON

EIR sira —

= dau. Otira, Kela НИГ

en Mati E laurel c ee

Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 1986, 7 (1) : 37-46 37

ADDITIONS AND DELETIONS

TO THE GENUS FISSIDENS (FISSIDENTACEAE)

IN MEXICO, INCLUDING FOUR NEW SPECIES

R.A. PURSELL*

SUMMARY. — Four species, Е. jaliscensis, Е. megacistis, F. sharpii and Е. tamaulipasensis,

are described and illustrated. Of these, F. sharpii also occurs in the Netherlands Antilles and

Brazil. Five species and one variety are reported as new to Mexico : F. hyalinus Wils. &

Hook., Е. excurrentinervis R. S. Wms., Е. sublimbatus Grout, Е. scariosus Mitt., F. ramicola

Broth. and F. diplodus Mitt. var. richardsii (R. S. Wms.) Pursell. Variation within the wide-

spread Б. hyalinus is discussed and illustrated. Fissidens pseudo-microcladus Pursell is

reduced to the synonymy of R. ramícola, the range of which also includes Suriname. Distri-

butional data in Mexico are presented for three species and one variety reported previously :

Е. intramarginatus (Hampe) Mitt., Е. microcladus Thwait. & Mitt. var. pusillissimus (Steere)

Pursell, F. neglectus Crum, and F. gardneri Mitt. Two species and one variety as excluded

from the flora : F. cylindraceus Mitt., F. neonii (Bartr.) Grout and Е. obtusifolius Wils. var.

kansanus Ren. & Card. The distribution of F. cylindraceus is determined to include only

Colombia and Ecuador with the possible inclusion of Costa Rica.

During a current monographic study of neotropical Fissidens addition and

deletions to the Mexican flora became apparent. The purpose of this paper,

therefore, is to 1) describe four new species, 2) add six previously described taxa

to the Mexican flora, and 3) delete from the Mexican flora three taxa previously

reported. Fissidens pseudomicrocladus Pursell is reduced to the synonymy of

F. ramicola Broth., and distributional data on four previously reported taxa are

presented.

NEW SPECIES IN THE MEXICAN MOSS FLORA

1. Fissidens jaliscensis Pursell, sp. nov. Fig. 1-2

Species haec a speciebus affinibus limbidiis informis, costis. percurrentibus, laminis

vaginantibus inaequalibus et laminis dorsalibus terminantibus supra insertiones bene differt.

* Department of Biology, Buckhout Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, Univer-

sity Park, PA 16802. USA.

Source : MNHN. Paris

Fig. 1-7. — Fissidens jaliscensis and Е. sharpii, spp. nov. — 12. Е. jaliscensis. 1 : Habit. 2:

Detail of mid portion of a ventral lamina. — 3-7. Е. sharpii. 3 : Habit. 4: Two leaves and

an axillary perigonium. 5 : Detail of base of a dorsal lamina. 6 ; Cross-section of lower

part of a leaf showing one complete vaginant lamina. 7 : Detail of leaf apex. Bar scales

for fig. 1 and 4 represent 0.5 mm, that for fig. 3 represents 1 mm, and those for fig. 2,

5, 6 and 7 represent 50 Шп. (Fig. 1-2 drawn from isotype, PAC; fig. 3-7 drawn from

holotype, MICH).

Source : MNHN. Paris

FISSIDENS IN MEXICO 39

Plants small, to ca 2.5 mm long, unbranched, erect. Leaves to ca 1.0 mm

long, broadly lanceolate, short-acuminate, axillary hyaline nodules lacking;

margins * entire to serrulate, especially at leaf apices, limbate on all laminae

with poorly defined, unistratose limbidia; costae strong, percurrent, ending in

the acuminae; dorsal laminae narrowed abruptly proximally, ending well above

or at the insertions; vaginant laminae + 0.5-0.6 times the leaf length, unequal,

the smaller of each pair narrowed distally, ending at or near the costa; laminal

cells pale, with smooth, thin walls, rhombic or hexagonal, large, 14-32 4m long.

Perichaetia terminal, perichaetial leaves slightly longer than others. Perigonia,

sporophyte, spores and calyptrae not seen.

Type : MEXICO. Jalisco : Full shade, moist clay. W-slope near Puerto los

Mazos; W of Autlan on Highway 80, + 1300 m, 4 July 1973, Sharp, Sharp,

Clebsch & Thornsburgh 2720 (holotype : TENN; isotype: PAC).

Fissidens jaliscensis is best distinguished from related species, viz., F. brittonii

Grout, Е. dissitifolius Sull., Е. mollis Mitt. and Е. reticulosus (C. Müll.) Mitt.

by its weak limbidia and percurrent costae. Also, the dorsal laminae in F. jalis-

censis end well above the insertion, and the vaginant laminae are distinctly

unequal, character states not consistently seen in the related species.

The specific epithet is derived from the Mexican state of Jalisco.

2. Fissidens megacistis Pursell, sp. nov. Fig. 8-9

Species haec a Е. reticuloso (С. Müll.) Mitt.cellulis laminalibus multo maioribus differt.

Plants to 8mm long, erect to decumbent, laterally radiculose. Leaves distant to

imbricate and + flabelliform in arrangement, to ca 3 mm long, lanceolate to nar-

rowly oblong, acute, axillary hyaline nodules lacking; margins entire, limbate on

all laminae, limbidia bistratose; costae ending 3-11 cells below leaf apices; dorsal

laminae narrowed proximally, ending at the insertion or somewhat above;

vaginant laminae + 1/2 the leaf length, + equal; laminal cells smooth, + bulging,

thin-walled, flaccid, mostly irregularly hexagonal to pentagonal in the distal

halves of the leaves, large, (31-) 45-60 (-70) um long x (18-) 22-25 (-32) um

wide, + oblong and larger (to 90 шп long) juxtacostally in the proximal halves

of the vaginant lamina. Stalked, multicellular, short filamentous gemmae on

stems near bases of leaves. Probably rhizoautoicous; perigonia and perichaetia

terminal. Sporophytes and calyptrae not seen.

Type : MEXICO. Nayarit. Moist, diffusely lit soil bank in dense forest in deep

ravine, near Jalacatin, municipio San Blas, Norris & Taranto 14788 (holotype :

TENN; isotype : PAC).

Fissidens megacistis is most closely related to F. reticulosus (C. Müll.) Mitt.

from which it differs by its much larger laminal cells, The specific epithet,

derived from mega = large + cystis = sac, refers to the large laminal cells.

3. Fissidens sharpii Pursell, sp. nov. Fig. 3-7

Species haec a F. glaziovii foliis triangularibus vel lanceolatis et laminis vaginantibus latis,

recurvis quae fere caulem circumdant differt.

Source : MNHN, Paris

40 R.A. PURSELL

Fig. 8-12. — Fissidens megacistis and Е. tamaulipasensis, spp. nov. — 8-9. F. megacistis. 8 :

Leaf. 9: apex. — 10-12. Е. tamaulipasensis. 10 : Leaf. 11 : Detail of

juxtacostal cells in vaginant lamina. 12 : Detail of leaf apex. Bar scales for fig.

10 represent 0.5 mm, those for 9, 11 and 12 represent 50 pm (Fig. 8-9 drawn from iso-

type, PAC; fig. 10-12 drawn from isatune PAC)

Source : MNHN. Paris

FISSIDENS IN MEXICO 41

Plants scattered, erect, unbranched, to ca 5 mm long. Leaves in 6-14 pairs,

to ca 0.8 mm long, + broadly triangular, upper and perichaetial ones broadly

lanceolate, acute, axillary hyaline nodules lacking; margins of dorsal and ventral

laminae crenulate-serrulate, limbate on most leaves for + 2/3-3/4 the length of

the vaginant laminae, the vaginant laminae of perichaetial leaves often limbate

the entire length, limbidia more or less entire, unistratose; costae strong, percur-

rent to short-excurrent; dorsal laminae rounded below and ending at the inser-

tions, infrequently short-decurrent; vaginant laminae 2/3-3/4 the leaf lengths,

somewhat unequal and wide-spreading, very broad and recurved, almost encir-

cling the stems; laminal cells sharply mamillose-papillose, quadrate to irregularly

hexagonal, 7-12 um, somewhat larger in the lower parts of the vaginant laminae.

Gonioautoicous, perigonia small and inconspicuous. Sporophytes terminal, 1 (-2)

per perichaetium; setae to ca 3 mm long; thecae to ca 0.5 mm long, + erect and

symmetric; peristome teeth divided + 2/3 their length, finely papillose below,

spirally thickened above, strongly inflexed when wet; opercula long-rostrate.

Spores 7-11 im in diameter, smooth. Calyptrae small, cucullate, + smooth.

Type : MEXICO. Jalisco : Dry arroyo 2 mi W of Autlán, vicinity of Casa de

Piedras, on wet soil in seepage in pasture, sunny but shaded by grasses, Crum

1307 (holotype : MICH; isotype : PAC).

Additional specimens examined : MEXICO. Veracruz : On rock, wooded

slope strewn with volcanic boulders, 21.7 mi N of Cardel on road to Nautla

(ca 48 mi N of Veracruz), elev. ca 200 ft, Pursell & Reese 4952 (PAC). NETHER-

LANDS ANTILLES. Curagao : St. Christoffel Mountain, among Philonotis

glaucescens, Arnoldo 2215A and Stoffers s.n. (30-XII-1963) (U). BRAZIL.

Goias : On sandstone cliff at base of the Serra do Väo, Municipio de Tocantino-

polis, Vital 2991 (PAC, SP).

Fissidens sharpii belongs to the F. intermedius C. Müll. complex that is cha-

racterized by sharply mamillose-papillose laminal cells and limbidia restricted,

more or less, to the vaginant laminae. Within this complex, F. sharpii comes

closest to F. glaziovii Hampe from Brazil, from which it is easily distinguished

by its triangular to lanceolate leaves with broad and recurved vaginant laminae

that nearly encircle the stems. The leaves in F. glaziovii, on the other hand, are

longer, except those at the base of the stems, and have much narrower vaginant

laminae.

It is, indeed, a pleasure to name this species in honor of Dr. Aaron J. «Jack»

Sharp, Professor Emeritus of Botany at The University of Tennessee, eminent

bryologist and student of Mexican mosses, who has been a valued friend, coun-

selor, and colleague for many years.

4. Fissidens tamaulipasensis Pursell, sp. nov. Fig. 10-12

Species haec a speciebus affinibus cellulis laminalibus laevibus, cellulis juxtacostalibus

dilatatis et oblongis in laminis vaginantibus, setis longioribus et sporis minoribus differt.

Plants small, 1.5-5.0 mm tall, scattered, unbranched, erect to decumbent.

Leaves to ca 3.0 mm long, the perichaetial ones longest, lanceolate, acute or

Source : MNHN, Paris

42 R.A. PURSELL

Fig. 13-18. — Fissidens hyalinus. — 13, 15, 17 : Leaves. 14, 16, 18 : Detail from mid

section of leaves. Bar scale for fig. 13, 15 and 17 represents 0.5 mm, that for fig. 14, 16

and 18 represent 100 jim. (Fig. 13-14 drawn from Steere & Balslev 25588, Ecuador,

PAC; fig. 15-16 drawn from Linn & Simonton 91, Pennsylvania, NY; fig. 17-18 drawn

from Fissidentaceae Asiaticae Exsiccatae, Fasc. II (1980), n° 15, collected by Iwatsuki &

Kiguchi, Japan, PAC).

narrowed abruptly with rounded apices, + flabelliform, axillary hyaline nodules

lacking; margins serrate, more coarsely so on the vaginant laminae, elimbate;

costae strong, ending 2-4 cells below the apices to percurrent; dorsal laminae

Source : MNHN, Paris

FISSIDENS IN MEXICO 43

narrowed to the insertions, sometimes ending above; vaginant laminae + 1/2

che leaf length, somewhat unequal; laminal cells with slightly bulging thin walls,

irregularly hexagonal, 7.5-13 um long, much larger, oblong and pellucid juxta-

costally in the lower halves of the vaginant laminae, Rhizoautoicous, perigonial

stems + buddike, perichaetia terminal on longer stems. Sporophytes one per

perichaetium; setae 3-6 mm long, flexuous, yellow; thecae erect and symmetric,

0.3.0.5 mm long; peristome teeth finely papillose below, spirally thickened

above; opercula long-rostrate. Spores small, 7-10 Um in diameter, smooth.

Calyptrae cucullate, + papillose.

Type : MEXICO. Tamaulipas : Soil on tree trunk at roadside bank, moist,

partial shade; crast above Cd. Victoria, 18 December 1970, Sharp 3512 (holo-

type : PAC; isotype : TENN).

Fissidens tamaulipasensis is allied to F. donnellii from which it differs by its

smooth enlarged, oblong and pellucid laminal cells justacostal in the proximal

halves of the vaginant laminae, long setae and smaller spores. The enlarged and

oblong cells in the vaginant laminae are reminiscent of those seen in such species

as Е. zollingeri Mont. and F. angustifolius Sull.

The specific epithet is derived from that of the Mexican state of Tamaulipas.

PREVIOUSLY DESCRIBED TAXA NEW TO MEXICO

5. Fissidens byalinus Wils. & Hook. (Fig. 13-18) — This species is now known

from two localities in Mexico. The first collection was made by A.J. Sharp

(4082-b, PAC, TENN) near Zempoatepetl in Oaxaca and consists of just a few

immature plants intermixed with other species of Fissidens. The second, recently

communicated by H.A. Crum, was collected by B. Kirkpatrick on 7 August

1983 (MICH) in Uruapan, Michoacán. The species is probably much more widely

distributed in the country, but because of its small size is overlooked.

Fissidens hyalinus is not only a widely distributed species (eastern United

States, Mexico, South America, Japan, Taiwan, India) but also one that appears

to be rather variable. If these variations can be demonstrated to remain constant,

they will have to be recognized taxonomically. The two most striking differences

are in leaf shape, and cell size and shape. Japanese plants invariably have shorter

and broader leaves (fig. 17) than those found in populations in the Western

Hemisphere (figs. 13-16). Moreover, laminal cells in the Japanese populations

appear to be shorter (fig. 18) than those present in the Western Hemisphere

(fig. 14-16). Laminal cells from a collection from Esmeraldos, Ecuador (fig. 14,

Steere & Balslev 25588, NY, PAC) recently communicated by W.C. Steere are

the longest seen in any collection examined.

6. Fissidens excurrentinervis R.S. Wms. — Heretofore this species has been

known only from Peru (PURSELL & HEGEWALD 1979). Mexican collections

(Sharp 452 and 453 from Rio la Vereta, Puebla, CANM, PAC, TENN) have been

erroneously attributed to F. пеопй (Bartr.) Grout (СКОМ 8: ANDERSON 1981).

Source : MNHN, Paris

44 R.A. PURSELL

The species is apparently rather widely distributed in Mexico as evidenced by

recent collections made by A. Cárdenas (Hidalgo. Cerro Alto. 2.5 km al SE de

Epazoyucan, 20° 00’ М 98° 39' W, 2620-2640 m, Cárdenas 3859; Sierra de los

Pitos 1.5 km al SE de Tlaquilpan, 19° 55' N 98° 44° W, 2550-2670 m, Cárdenas

3391, both MEXU).

Fissidens excurrentinervis is one of several species in the Americas characte-

rized by dimorphic stems and is distinguished best by its ovoid and symmetric

capsules, and fragile, erect, irregularly divided spirally striate peristome teeth.

7. F.sublimbatus Grout — The report of this species, a close relative of F.

limbatus Sull. and F. repandus Wils. in Mexico, is based on specimens communi-

cated by H.A. Crum (Baja California, near Alaska, Steere 17628, 17635; S of

Ensenada, Steere 17699, 17724, all MICH). Restricted more or less to arid re-

gions, the species doubtless will be found in other regions of the country. The

species is distinguished by its small size (stems to about 5 mm long), bulging

laminal cells arranged in rows, short costae, dorsal laminae ending well above the

insertion and unistratose limbidia edged with chlorophyllose cells in the lower

half of the vaginant laminae.

8. F. scariosus Mitt. — A recent communication from E. de Luna of the Insti-

tuto Nacional de Investigaciones Sobre Recursos Bioticos in Xalapa contained

a specimen (Juarez 1425 m, INRB, PAC) collected from near Huayacocotla,

Veracruz that is unmistakably F. scariosus. This is the first report of the species

outside of South America. Heretofore the species was known from Brazil, Ecua-

dor, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela. The species, very well illustrated by FLOR-

SCHÜTZ (1964), can be easily recognized by its prosenchymatous laminal cells.

9. F. ramicola Broth. (— F. pseudomicrocladus Pursell syn. nov.) — This spe-

cies, described originally from Brazil (BROTHERUS 1906), is now known also

from Suriname and Mexico. FLORSCHÜTZ (1964) reported a specimen (Flor-

schütz 2073) of this species from Suriname as F. brevipes Mont. from which

it can be easily distinguished by its lack of obscuring chlorophyllose cells cove-

ring the distal parts of the costae. Fissidens ramicola was disregarded when F.

pseudo-microcladus Pursell (1984) was described from Mexican material, the

holotype (den Held & van Rhijn HM 27, PAC) of which does not differ from the

lectotype (Ule 2263, H-BR) and two paratypes (Ule 2259 and 2279, H-BR) of

F. ramicola.

10. Fissidens diplodus Mitt. var. richardsii (В. S. Wms.) Pursell — This variety

is distinguished from the typical variety by its long, simple or forked papillae.

Its distribution seems to be somewhat sporadic, having been collected otherwise

in only Guiana and Brazil. In Mexico the variety is known from only one site

(Veracruz, NE of Campamento Hermanos Cedillo, Delgadillo M. 3431, MEXU,

PAC).

Source : MNHN, Paris

FISSIDENS IN MEXICO 45

11-14. Fissidens intramarginatus (Hampe) Mitt., Е. microcladus Thwait & Mitt.

var. pusillissimus (Steere) Pursell, Е. neglectus Crum, and F. gardneri Mitt. —

All four of these taxa belong to the F. elegans complex and were discussed

previously without distributional data (PURSELL 1984). Distribution within

Mexico is as follows : F. intramarginatus — Nayarit, near Jalcacatín, Norris &

Toranto 14821 (PAC, TENN); Veracruz, between Nautla and Tecolutla, Sharp

et al. 1148 (PAC, PENN), near Huatusco, Pursell & Reese 4943 (PAC). F. micro-

cladus Thwait. & Mitt. var. pusillissimus - San Luis Potosi, «El Salto» on Rio

El Naranjo, Pursell & Reese 5264 (PAC); Tamaulipas, near el Limon, Pursell &

Reese 5500-A (PAC); Veracruz, vicinity of Rio Otapa, Pursell & Reese 4981

(PAC), near Tuxpan, Pursell & Reese 5083 (PAC), between Santiago Tuxtla

and San Andras, Eggers & Frahm 145 (DUIS, PAC); Yucatan, near Colonia,

McFarland & Sharp 9224 (PAC, TENN). F. neglectus — Durango, W of La

Ciudad, Bowers et al. 5087 (PAC, TENN); Oaxaca, along road from Tuxtepec

to Oaxaca, Richards et al. 3503 (PAC, TENN); Veracruz, above Tebanca, Ri-

chards et al. 5863a (PAC, TENN). Е. gardneri — Veracruz, along road to Huiza-

che from Antiguo Morelos, Pursell & Reese 5379 (PAC).

TAXA EXCLUDED FROM THE MEXICAN MOSS FLORA

15. Fissidens cylindraceus Mitt. — The report of the occurrence of this species

in Mexico (GROUT 1943) is based on a collection from Orizaba (Murrill &

Murrill 93, NY) which correctly belongs to F. diplodus Mitt. var. diplodus.

Fissidens cylindraceus at present is restricted to Colombia and Ecuador. Until

recently the only authentic specimen of the species was the lectotype (Spruce

475-b, NY) collected on Mt. Chimborazo. Recently, however, Guido van

Reenen of Utrecht submitted an undetermined specimen (Griffin et al. 50,

179, U) collected in the Parque Nacional de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.

Both specimens have sporophytes. Sterile specimens which cannot be determi-

ned with certainty have been collected by W.C. Steere (CR-149, CR-166 and CR-

178, NY, PAC) in Costa Rica. The species is best recognized by its short setae

and distinctively long cylindrical capsules with long, slender, deeply divided

peristome teeth (PURSELL 1984).

16. Fissidens neonii (Bartr.) Grout — CRUM and ANDERSON (1981) include

Mexico within the distributional range of this species, However, the specimens

upon which this report is based (Sharp 452, 453, CANM, PAC, TENN) belong

to F. excurrentinervis R.S. Williams (See above).

17. Fissidens obtusifolius Wils. var. kansanus Ren. & Card. — NORRIS (1969)

reported the presence of this variety in the state of Nayarit on the basis of two

collections (Dickson 6430, 6431, HUM). The specimens, however, represent F.

pseudo-exilis Thér.

Source : MNHN. Paris

46 R.A. PURSELL

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. — I am indebted to the following individuals for sending speci-

mens for study : A. Cárdenas (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico), H. A. Crum

(The University of Michigan), C. Delgadillo M. (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico),

J.-P. Frahm (Gesamthochschule Duisburg), E. de Luna G. (Instituto Nacional de Investiga-

ciones Sobre Recursos Bioticos, Xalapa, Veracruz), D.H. Norris (Humboldt State Univer-

sity), G. van Reenen (State University of Utrecht), A.J. Sharp (The University of Tennes-

see), W.C. Steere (The New York Botanical Garden) and D. Vital (Instituto de Botánico,

Sío Paulo). I thank also Drs. Carl S. Keener and William D. Reese and Mr. Lloyd Stark

for reading the manuscript. This research was supported by a grant (BSR-8400370) from

the National Science Foundation to The Pennsylvania State University.

LITERATURE CITED

BROTHERUS V.F., 1906 — Musci amazonici et subandini Uleani. Hedwigia 45 : 260-288.

CRUM H.A. & ANDERSON L.E., 1981 — Mosses of Eastern North America. 1. New York :

Columbia University Press. 661 p.

FLORSCHUTZ P.A., 1964 — The Mosses of Suriname. I. Leiden : Brill. 271 p.

GROUT A.J., 1943 — Fissidentaceae. N. Amer. Flora 15 (3) : 167-202.

NORRIS D.H. 1969 — A small collection of bryophytes from Nayarit State, Mexico.

Bryologist 72 : 522-525.

PURSELL В.А. & HEGEWALD E., 1979 — On Fissidens in Peru. Bryologist 82 :267-270.

PURSELL R.A., 1984 — A preliminary study of the Fissidens elegans complex in the Neo-

tropics. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 55 :235-252.

Source : MNHN, Paris

Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 1986, 7 (1) : 47-52 47

JAEGERINA RETROSQUARROSA SPECIES NOVA

(PTEROBRY ACEAE : MUSCI), WITH COMMENTS

ON THE SPECIES OF JAEGERINA FROM MAURITIUS

B.H. ALLEN, M.R. CROSBY, R.E. MAGILL*

RÉSUMÉ. — Jaegerina retrosquarrosa sp. nov. se distingue de ses congénères par ses feuilles

sans nervure et fortement recourbées-squarreuses, ses propagules associés aux cellules

foliaires à l'extrémité des branches et des tiges, ses cellules foliaires plus longues, son degré

de ramification plus élevé, et sa petite stature. L'espéce est allice à, et forme un groupe

naturel avec J. solitaria, J. formosa et J. robillardii. Dans toutes les espèces de Jaegerina

étudiées, des pseudoparaphylles ont été trouvées.

While examining a small collection of mosses made by D. Lorence and G.

Lecordier from the island of Mauritius, we encountered a distinctive specimen

with strongly squarrose-recurved stem and branch leaves. The moss was collected

in a low cloud forest of the Montagne Cocotte Nature Reserve, where it grew

pendent on branches and tree trunks. The squarrose-recurved stem and branch

leaves and pendent habit suggests a placement in the Meteoriaceae, e. g. Aero-

bryopsis, Meteorium, Floribundaria, Zelometeorium, or Chrysocladium. The

latter two genera also contain species with strongly recurved leaves.

The Mauritian moss is ecostate, has smooth leaf cells, bright orange-brown

cells in a broad band across the base, pseudoparaphyllia, no central strand in

its stem, asexual gemmae, stolons with reduced leaves and rhizoids that are

restricted to the stolons. This combination of characters is not found in any

genus of the Meteoriaceae; however, the above mentioned characters in addition

to its rigid and strongly incrassate stem cells, non-complanate habit, weakly

developed alar cells, and long incrassate, porose leaf cells, all support a place-

ment in the Pterobryaceae.

The lack of sporophytic material in the collection hampers a consideration of

this moss's placement within the subfamilies of the Pterobryaceae. The moss

resembles some genera of the Garovaglioideae, Garovaglia or Endotrichella,

in its ecostate condition, long, incrassate and porose leaf cells and sparsely

* Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166, U.S.A.

Source : MNHN, Paris

48 B.H. ALLEN, M.R. CROSBY, R.E. MAGILL

branched habit. The additional presence of stolons with sparse clusters of rhi-

zoids, reduced, well-spaced leaves and well separated stems that lack scale leaves,

however, indicates this moss is best placed in the Pterobryoideae.

Within the Pterobryoideae a placement in the genus Jaegerina is indicated by

the ecostate leaves that are squarrose when wet or dry, weakly differentiated

alar cells, sparsely branched stems, and non-complanate habit. Jaegerina is a

genus of seven to ten species found throughout much of tropical America,

tropical Africa, southern India and the Philippines. Three of the five species

found on the islands of the Mascarene Basin, occur on Mauritius. Within the

genus only two species have leaves that are consistently ecostate : Jaegerina

solitaria and J. formosa. Both occur on Mauritius; however, the remarkably

squarrose-recurved stem and branch leaves, clusters of gemmae associated with

leaf cells at the ends of branches, increased branching, longer leaf cells, and

significantly smaller plant size, all indicate that the specimen represents a new

species of Jaegerina.

Jaegerina retrosquarrosa Allen, Crosby & Magill sp. nov.

Species nova prope Jaegerinam solitariam et J. formosam, foliis caulinis

raminisque valde squarrosis recurvis, gemmis in consortione cum cellulis folia-

ribus ad extremia ramorum caulibusque, ramis plus numerosis, cellulis foliaribus

longioribus, staturisque minoribus differt.

Plants pendent, small to medium size, shiny green to yellow-green, brown

with age. Stolons firm to rigid, dark red, adnate to substrate; epidermal cells

incrassate and porose, elongate-rectangular, not storied; in cross-section (fig. 9)

4-5 rows of small, гей yellow epidermal cells; cortical cells larger, less incrasssate,

hyaline, more or less collenchymatous; central strand absent. Rhizoids only on

stolons, red-brown, lightly roughened, thick-walled, the end walls oblique;

occurring in randomly dispersed clusters restricted to the substrate side of the

stolon or on all sides of stolons at base of stems; rhizoids emerging from short

rectangular to square epidermal cells. Stems erect to pendent, irregularly spaced,

identical to stolons, to 8 cm long, foliate stems 1.0-1.5 mm wide. Branches to

3 cm long, in cross-section identical to stolons, sparse and irregularly spaced,

arrested branch primordia common along the stems. Paraphyllia absent. Pseudo-

paraphyllia filamentous (fig. 3), numerous on stems and branches, not observed

on stolons. Leaves dimorphic. Stolon leaves 0.6-1.2 mm x 0.3-0.4 mm, widely

spaced, erect-spreading, clasping at base, hastate to ovatelanceolate (fig. 2);

concave below, plane above; margins weakly serrulate, incurved below, serrulate

and erect above; costa absent; cells smooth, incrassate and porose throughout;

median cells 57-81 um x 3-4 um, linear to vermicular (fig. 8); apical cells shorter,

otherwise identical to median cells (fig. 1); marginal cells shorter and thinner

than median cells; red-yellow in narrow band across the base, 18-32 ит x

9-11 um, rhombodial; alar cells 11-17 миа x 7.5 um, shortly rectangular in small

distinct group (fig. 7). Stem and branch leaves 1-2 mm x 0.5-0.7 mm, broadly

ovate-acuminate to ovate-lanceolate, strongly squarrose-recurved from an erect,

clasping base, more or less rounded to the insertion, unchanged wet or dry

Source : MNHN, Paris

JAEGERINA RETROSQUARROSA SP. NOV. 49

Fig. 1-6 — Jaegerina retrosquarrosa Allen, Crosby & Magill (Lorence & Lecordier 2159).

1 : Branch leaf apex, x 380, 2 : Stolon leaves, x 55, 3 : Pseudoparaphyllia, x 350, 4 & 5 :

Branch leaves, x 58, 6 : Gemma on gemma filament, x 240.

(fig. 4, 5 & 10); margins plane, serrulate to denticulate throughout; cells similar

to those of stolon leaves except the yellow-red basal region more sharply and

extensively developed, the median cells shorter, and the apical cells long fusi-

form to narrowly sigmoid; costa absent. Axillary hairs 4-5; each hair 2-4 cells

long, basal cell reddish-brown, quadrate, upper cells hyaline and oblong, terminal

cell rounded at tip. Gemmae arising from basal cells on leaves at the tips of

branches; gemmae leaves ovate-lanceolate, red-orange below up to one-half the

Source : MNHN. Paris

50 B.H. ALLEN, M.R. CROSBY, R.E. MAGILL

Fig. 7-12 — Jaegerina retrosquarrosa Allen, Crosby & Magill (Lorence & Lecordier 2159).

7 : Leaf cells at alar region, x 550, 8 : Median leaf cells, x 840, 9 : Stem cross-section,

x 360, 10 : Branch leaf, x 58, 11 : Outer perichaetial leaf, x 90, 12 : Inner perichaetial

leaf, x 90.

leaf length, convolute-sheathing below, squarroserecurved above; margins

dentate; apical cells fusiform to short rhombodial; cells at extreme base undiffe-

rentiated, hyaline, thin-walled, and giving rise on the abaxial and adaxial surfaces

to long (to 250 um) or short filamentous strands ending in 1-4, clavate gemmae,

each gemma 5-8 cells long (fig. 6).

Dioicous. Perigonia unknown. Perichaetia borne laterally, to 1 тт long;

leaves 1.0-1.3 mm long, ovatelanceolate, convolute-sheathing, outer ones ovate

Source : MNHN, Paris

JAEGERINA RETROSQUARROSA SP. NOV. 51

lanceolate, squarrose to erect-spreading (fig. 11), inner ones oval below, narrow-

ly lanceolate above, erect (fig. 12); margins denticulate; cells as in vegetative

leaves except the basal 7-8 rows of cells rhombic to shortly rhombodial; arche-

gonia numerous, short, 270-350 рт long; neck 170-200 ит long; paraphyses

absent. Sporophytes unknown.

Type. — Mauritius. Montagne Cocotte Nature Reserve, low cloud forest,

rainfall 5000 mm, alt. 770 m, Lorence & Lecordier 2159.

Holotype. — MO. Isotype. — BM, DUKE, E, EA, H, MAU, PC, TNS.

Etymology. — The specific epithet retrosquarrosa refers to the strongly

squarrose-recurved leaves of this species.

The genus Jaegerina is represented on the island of Mauritius by four species :

J. solitaria, J. formosa, J. robillardii, and J. retrosquarrosa. ARGENT (1973)

considered the separation of the first two species «not entirely satisfactory»

but, maintained the two on the basis of differences in leaf width and overall

plant size. There are at MO a large number of recent collections of these species

that occupy an intermediate position in terms of leaf width and plant size. We

have not, however, examined type material of these species and so hesitate to

combine them. Jaegerina solitaria is the older name.

The Mauritian species of Jaegerina with leaves tightly sheathing at the base

and distinctly squarrose to squarrose-recurved above represent a discrete group

within the genus. In addition, the group is separated from other species of

Jaegerina by the lack of perichaetial paraphyses and the presence of strongly

modified inner perichaetial leaves. These leaves have short, broadly oval bases

that are abruptly narrowed into long, lanceolate laminae (fig. 12), and leaf

cells thin-walled and rhombic below but narrowly sigmoid, incrassate, and

porose above. The margins are serrate. While the similarity of most vegetative

features within the group implies a close relationship between the species, this

similarity does not apply to the costa. A costa is completely absent in Jaegerina

solitaria, J. formosa and J. retrosquarrosa. In J. robillardii the costa is single,

strong throughout, and percurrent to shortly excurrent. The presence of a strong

costa in one member of this closely related group is an important character

that, along with several generalized features of its habit and peristome, link the

group to the other more widespread members of the genus.

Plants of Jaegerina are characteristically simple or sparingly branched. Thus,

the degree of branching found in J. retrosquarrosa and the numerous flagellate

branches common on J. robillardii and (more rarely) J. solitaria and J. formosa

are anomalous features. Numerous flagellate branches, however, are also found

in some collections of J. stolonifera and J. scariosa, indicating that a considera-

tion of the genus as a group of plants with simple stems is technically incorrect.

Within the Mauritian species of Jaegerina we have found that arrested branch

primordia are common along the stems. In view of this observation it seems

more appropriate to consider Jaegerina a genus that exhibits strong apical

dominance that supresses these primordia and results in stems with few or

no branches.

Source : MNHN, Paris

52 B.H. ALLEN, M.R. CROSBY, R.E. MAGILL

If this view of Jaegerina is adopted, then both the common occurrence of

flagellate branches within the genus and the increased branching found in J.

retrosquarrosa can be viewed as a consequence of the removal of apical domi-

nance. One possible mechanism for the removal of the dominance is the presence

of modified gemmae bearing leaves at the ends of branches and stems. Exami-

nation of J. retrosquarrosa shows that almost all branching occurs at the upper

ends of the stems, just below the gemmae bearing leaves.

The presence of gemmae at the ends of branches and stems and in association

with leaf cells rather than stem cells in Jaegerina retrosquarrosa are unique

features in the genus. However, these and other features of the gemmae raise

doubts as to whether they are moss gemmae : 1. The apical region of the bran-

ches and stems in which the gemmae-leaves are found consists of undifferen-

tiated and extremely soft tissue that falls apart on dissection. 2. The region of

the leaf that gives rise to the filaments bearing the gemmae is also a region of

mostly undifferentiated cells corresponding to the area in which the leaf joins

the stem. 3. The gemmae-filaments, while clearly arising from leaf cells, project

downward rather than upward. Despite these unusual features we have ascribed

these gemmae to J. retrosquarrosa because their green color apparently indicates

chlorophyll, and because the gemmae bearing leaves appear to be specialized

leaves. This last feature, however, is difficult to assess since with a simple brea-

king of the stem, the strongly sheathing leaf bases of the uppermost leaves

form a natural «cup».

IRELAND (1971) was the first to associate pseudoparaphyllia with the genus

Jaegerina, and all species examined in this study have numerous filamentous

pseudoparaphyllia (fig. 3). These structures can be easily observed by examining

arrested branch primordia. IRELAND recorded pseudoparaphyllia for all species

of the Pterobryaceae in his study, while none of the species of the Meteoriaceae

studied had pseudoparaphyllia. Our studies of these families, to date, indicate

that the pseudoparaphyllia distinction between the two is absolute and may

constitute another character separating the two families.

REFERENCES

ARGENT G.C.G., 1973 — A taxonomic study of African Pterobryaceae and Meteoriaceae

1. Pterobryaceae. J. Bryol. 7 : 353-378.

IRELAND R.R., 1971 — Moss pseudoparaphyllia. Bryologist 74 : 312-330.

Source : MNHN, Paris

Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol, 1986, 7 (1) : 53-62 53

AN ANNOTATED GUIDE

TO BRYOPHYTA ANTARCTICA EXSICCATA

В. OCHYRA!, D.H. VITT? and D.G. HORTON?

RESUME, — En 1984, au mois de mars, la collection de Bryophyta Antarctica Exsiccata a

été envoyée à 51 herbiers. Cette collection de 200 échantillons comprend sept espéces

d' hépatiques et 44 espèces de mousses, recueillies par В. Ochyra aux îles Shetland du Sud.

C'est la premiere collection de ce genre, c'est-à-dire, d'espéces provenant de la zone bota-

nique de l'Antarctique. Le guide que nous présentons est composé d'un bref exposé des

collections bryologiques en Antarctique et de 22 annotations à l'exsiccata dont les nouvelles

combinaisons suivantes : Brachythecium austro-stramineum (C. Muell.) Ochyra, Desmato-

don austro-georgicus (Card.) Ochyra, et Schistidium chrysoneurum (C. Muell.) Ochyra.

INTRODUCTION

The history of bryophyte collecting in the Antarctic began with the early

exploring expeditions of the 1800's. The first collections of mosses were made

in January of 1843 by J.D. Hooker on Cockburn Island near Trinity Peninsula,

while he participated in the Ross Antarctic Expedition. Specimens included

Sarconeurum glaciale (C. Muell.) Card. & Bryhn (as Didymodon glacialis Hook.

f. et Wils.), Didymodon gelidus Card. (as Tortula gracilis Schleich ex Hook. &

Grev.), Tortula princeps De Not. var. magellanica (Mont.) Light. (as T. laevipila

(Brid.) Schwaegr.), Desmatodon heimii (Hedw.) Mitt. (as Bryum antarcticum

Hook. f. & Wils.) and B. argenteum Hedw., of which Didymodon glacialis and

Bryum antarcticum were described as new (WILSON & HOOKER 1847).

For over a half century after this, no further botanical collections were made

in the Antarctic region until the Belgian expedition of the ship «Belgica» in

1897-1899. During this expedition, the first extensive bryophyte collection of

the Antarctic Peninsula region was made by É. Racovitza, and this resulted

in fifteen species and two varieties of mosses described as new by CARDOT

(1900, 1901), and three new species of liverworts reported by STEPHANI

1. Botanical Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, 31-512 Krakow, Poland.

2. Department of Botany, The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E9, Canada.

3. Department of Botany, The University of Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, U.S.A.

Source : MNHN, Paris

54 К. OCHYRA, БН. VITT and D.G. HORTON

(1901). The «Belgica» Expedition was the first of a long series of Antarctic

voyages undertaken by a variety of nations at the beginning of the twentieth

century, some of which aimed at discovery of the South Pole. In the course of

these expeditions some bryophytes were collected and Cardot examined almost

all of these. His activity resulted in a review of Antarctic mosses (CARDOT

1908) that was based mainly on Skottsberg's collections made during the Swe-

dish South Polar Expedition of 1901-1903, but it included as well all previous

collections.

Since Cardot's review, no other comprehensive treatment of Antarctic mosses

appeared until the early 1960' when STEERE (1961) published a list of the

mosses and hepatics reported from within the Antarctic botanical zone. In 1968,

GREENE (19682) supplemented Steere’s list.

The International Geophysical Year of 1957-1958 established international

cooperation in scientific exploration of the southern polar region and, as with

other scientific disciplines, this increased considerably the amount of bryological

information. Unlike the early days of Antarctic exploration when collections

of plants were seldom made by professional botanists, in the recent exploratory

expeditions collections have been made mostly by specialists of particular groups

of plants. This has resulted in the rapid expansion of bryological information

on the Antarctic region.

British botanists have done considerable work in the maritime Antarctic, and

GREENE et al. (1970) have initiated compilation of the first critical moss flora

of the Antarctic botanical zone. Numerous accounts of mosses of the East

Antarctic have been provided by the Soviet bryologists, Savicz-Lyubitskaya and

Smirnova. SAVICZ-LYUBITSKAYA (1978) has given an important review of

bryological problems in continental Antarctica. An extensive discussion on the

origin and taxonomy of the Antarctic moss flora was presented by ROBINSON

(1972), and more recently, PICKARD and SEPPELT (1984) reviewed Antarctic

phytogeography. It is obvious, however, that there are many questions to be

answered, especially those of taxonomic evaluation of mosses and liverworts

that have been described or reported from within the Antarctic botanical zone.

Detailed taxonomic revisions of many taxa are badly needed.

Only a few herbaria have accumulated large bryological collections from the

Antarctic. In particular, British (AAS, BM), Swedish (S, UPS), French (PC),

Belgian (BR), American (FH, NY, US) and Soviet (LE) herbaria house most of

the early bryological collections. On the other hand, it is obvious that with

the greater availability of specimens, as well as floras and revisions from relevant

areas, a better comprehension of Antarctic bryophytes and their relationships is

emerging. Therefore, the main purpose and guiding principle in editing this

series of formally published labels and specimens is to present to bryologists

over the world a comprehensive set of the bryophytes of this remote continent,

and to make them available for taxonomic study of the broadest scope.

The Bryophyta Antarctica Exsiccata (BAE) contains collections made by

R. Ochyra during the Fourth Polish Antarctic Expedition (1979-1980) to the

South Shetland Islands. The region covered by this exsiccata includes King

Source : MNHN, Paris

BRYOPHYTA ANTARCTICA EXSICCATA 55

George Island, the largest island of the archipelago, and Deception Island, well

known because of recent volcanic activity. The BAE is issued in sets of 200

numbers, with the date of accession in ALTA (March 1984) serving as the date

of release. The series is prepared in 51 duplicate sets and includes the following

recipients : AAS, ALA, ALTA, B, BA (private herbarium of C. Matteri), BM, BP,

BR, C, CANM, CHR, COLO, DUIS, DUKE, F, FH, FLAS, G, GJO, GL, H, HIRO,

HO, HSC, JE, KRAM, L, M, MEXU, MICH, MIN, MO, NAM, NFLD, NIPR,

NICH, NSW, NY, PC, PE, PRE, S, Shenyang, TENN, TNS, TRH, U, UBC, US

and private herbaria of W.J. Hoe (Honolulu) and D.G. Horton (Iowa City).

Distribution of BAE was done by Dale H. Vitt and Diana G. Horton, University

of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, with books of printed labels distributed

with each set. Additional copies of the books of labels are available from D.H.

Vitt.

The following alphabetical listing presents the taxa that have been distributed

in the BAE. Altogether, 7 species of liverworts and 44 species of mosses

are distributed. These account for approximately half of the Antarctic bryo-

phyte flora, and are broadly representative of the phytogeographically diverse

and ecologically varied elements present in the Antarctic. Inevitably, some

names require change since the specimens were distributed; therefore, supple-

mental annotations follow the appropriate entries. A complete commentary

on the species of liverworts is presented in the hepatic flora of King George

Island (OCHYRA & VÁNA 1985).

ANNOTATED LIST OF TAXA

HEPATICAE BAE NUMBERS

Anthelia juratzkana (Limpr.) Trev. 47

Barbilophozia hatcheri (Evans) Loeske 21, 48, 49, 149

Cephaloziella varians (Gott.) Steph. 74, 99, 100, 148, 200

Herzogobryum teres (Carringt. & Pears.) Grolle 23, 24, 50, 150

Hygrolembidium ventrosum (Mitt.) Grolle (1) 75

Lophozia excisa (Dicks.) Dum. 22,124,175

tifolia Herz. & Grolle 25,125

MUSCI

Andreaea depressinervis Card. (2) 1, 26, 51, 101, 151, 176

Andreaea gainii Card. (2, 3) 2,27, 42, 76, 152

Andreaea regularis C. Muell. in Neum.(2, 4) 3, 28, 53, 77, 78, 126, 153,

154,177

Bartramia patens Brid. 14, 67, 118, 167

Brachy thecium austro-salebrosum (C. Muell.) Kindb. 20, 46, 71,96, 122, 144, 173,199.

Brachythecium subpilosum (Hook. f. & Wils.) Jaeg. 72, 97, 145, 174

Bryum argenteum Hedw. 41

Bryum dichotomum Hedw. (5) 116,165

Bryum pseudotriquetrum (Hedw.) Gaertn., Meyer & Scherb. (6) 65, 66, 91,92,115, 141, 166, 192.

Bryum urbanskyi Broth. in Dryg. (7) 193

Source : MNHN. Paris

56 R. OCHYRA, D.H. VITT and D.G. HORTON

Calliergidium austro-stramineum (C. Muell.) Bartr. (8)

Calliergon sarmentosum (Wahlenb.) Kindb.

Campyliadelphus polygamus (B.S.G.) Kanda (9)

Ceratodon grossiretis Card. (10)

Chorisodontium aciphyllum (Hook. £. & Wils.) Broth.

Conostomum magellanicum Sull. (11)

Desmatodon austro-georgicus (Card.) Ochyra (12)

Desmatodon heimii (Hedw.) Mitt.

Dicranoweisia antarctica (C. Muell.) Kindb. (13)

Dicranoweisia grimmiacea (C. Muell.) Broth. (13)

Didymodon gelidus Card.

Distichium capillaceum (Hedw.) B.S.G.

Distichium austro-georgicum (Card.) Seppelt (14)

Encalypta rhap tocarpa Schwaegr.

Hypnum revolutum (Mitt.) Lindb.

Muelleriella crassifolia (Hook. f. & Wils.) Dus. (15)

Pohlia cruda (Hedw.) Kindb. var. imbricata (Card.) Ваго.

Pohlia inflexa (C. Muell.) Wijk & Marg. (16)

Pohlia nutans (Hedw.) Lindb.

Pohlia wahlenbergii (Web. & Mohr) Andr. (17)

Polytrichum alpinum Hedw.

Polytrichum juniperinum Hedw.

Polytrichum piliferum Hedw.

Polytrichum strictum Brid.

Racomitrium austro-georgicum Par. (18)

Sanionia uncinata (Hedw.) Loeske

Schistidium antarcticum (Card.) L. Savicz-Lyub.

& Z. Smirn. (19)

Schistidium falcatum (Hook. f. & Wils.) Bremer (20)

Schistidium hyalino-cuspidatum (C. Muell.) Bell (21)

Schistidium rivulare (Brid.) Podp.

Tortula conferta Bartr. (22)

Tortula excelsa Card. (22)

Tortula fuscoviridis Card. (22)

Tortula grossiretis Card. (22)

ANNOTATIONS

44, 69, 94, 120, 143, 171, 172,

197,198

17, 43,93, 119, 142, 168, 194

18,42

8, 104, 130, 157, 158, 179, 180

10, 29, 80, 107, 132, 160, 183

15,68

57,109

32,134,178

55, 81, 82, 108, 133, 159, 182

31,56

54, 79, 106, 131

105,181

73, 98, 123, 146, 147

39, 63

114,191

40, 64, 90

117

4,102, 127,155

5,103, 128, 156

6,129

13,38, 61

19, 45, 70, 95,121, 169, 170,

195, 196

12, 37, 62, 88, 89, 113, 139,

163,189

140

164

190

33,58, 135, 184

11, 34, 83, 84, 110, 136, 137,

161,185,186

35, 59, 85, 86, 111, 138

36,60, 87, 112, 162, 187, 188

(1) Number 75 actually represents H. isophyllum Schust., a species known to

occur in southern South America, the Falkland Islands and South Georgia, as

well as on South Orkney Island in the Antarctic botanical zone.

Hygrolembidium ventrosum (Mitt.) Grolle does occur on King George Island

at one locality as well, and this is the only known station of this species from

within the Antarctic botanical zone (OCHYRA & VÁNA 1985).

(2) The concept of species of Andreaea accepted here follows the recent

revision of this genus for the western austral region as presented by GREENE

(1968b) and for the Antarctic by GREENE et al. (1970).

(3) Andreaea gainii Card. is a species very closely related to A, alpina Hedw.

The latter is widely distributed in southernmost South America and on some

Source : MNHN, Paris

BRYOPHYTA ANTARCTICA EXSICCATA 57

subantarctic islands. ROIVAINEN and BARTRAM (1937) reduced many

austral species of Andreaea to synonymy with A. alpina. The type material of A.

gainii, as well as numerous specimens from Antarctica that are included in this

species, fall into the range of variation of A. alpina, and these two species should

probably be considered to be conspecific.

(4) VITT (1980) provided a detailed taxonomic study of the austral An-

dreaea acutifolia complex. Antarctic populations widely known as A. regularis

C. Muell. do not differ specifically from more northerly populations named A.

acutifolia Hook. f. & Wils. subsp. acutifolia.

(5) A bulbiferous species, Bryum dichotomum Hedw., is here reported for

the first time from Antarctica (OCHI & OCHYRA 1985).

(6) Accepted here is the concept of Bryum species presented by OCHI

(1979), who named all collections distributed in the exsiccata.

(7) The present collection represents the first record of this species from

within the Antarctic botanical zone (OCHYRA & OCHI 1985).

(8) The taxonomic value of the genus Calliergidium is doubtful and probably

does not merit taxonomic recognition. Antarctic specimens named C. austro-

stramineum (C. Muell.) Bartr. unquestionably belong to Brachythecium, as does

the type species of Calliergidium, which was described from South Georgia

(Lectotype nova : «No 41. Hypnum austro-stramineum C. Müll. Fundort : Land-

zunge. An sumpfigen Quellen. Stid-Georgien 25/11/83. Will» - HBG!). According-

ly, a new combination is proposed here : Brachythecium austro-stramineum (C.

Muell.) Ochyra comb. nov. Basionym : Hypnum austro-stramineum C. Muell. in

Neum., Deutsch. Exp. Int. Polarforsch. 2 : 319. 1890. ROBINSON (1972)

additionally found that Brachythecium turquetii Card., a species described from

the Antarctic, is conspecific with Calliergidium austro-stramineum.

(9) This is the first record of this species from the South Shetland Islands. In

addition, C. polygamus is known to occur at Ablation Point on Alexander Island

(LIGHT & HEYWOOD 1975) and on Signy Island on the South Orkney Islands

(coll. R.I.L. Smith - AAS!).

(10) The taxonomy and distribution of Pottia austro-georgica Card. in the

Antarctic botanical zone have recently been discussed by MATTERI (1977) and

KANDA (1980). This species is closely related to Desmatodon heimii (Hedw.)

Mitt., a protean species widely distributed in the Antarctic. The transference of

this species to Desmatodon is validated here. Desmatodon austro-georgicus

(Card.) Ochyra comb. nov. Basionym : Pottia austro-georgica Card., Bull. Herb.

Boissier ser. 2, 6 : 5. 1906.

(11) The distribution of this species in the Antarctic botanical zone has been

summarized by BELL (19732), who reported it from several localities in the

South Orkney Islands archipelago and from one locality on King George Island,

South Shetland Islands.

(12) Followed here is the concept of Ceratodon species presented by HORI-

KAWA and ANDO (1963), and ROBINSON (1972), who recognized C. grossi-

retis Card. and C. purpureus (Hedw.) Brid. on the basis of larger cells in the for-

Source : MNHN, Paris

58 R. OCHYRA, D.H. VITT and D.G. HORTON

mer. However, the size of the leaf cells of C. purpureus varies considerably,

ranging from 6 to 15 um in diameter when, considered worldwide, and the

Antarctic populations probably do not merit specific distinction.

(13) BELL (1976) presented a taxonomic evaluation of Dicranoweisia for

Signy Island, and his concept is applied to BAE material from King George Is-

land. It is worth noting, however, that on King George Island, D. antarctica is

very common and D. grimmiacea is rather rare, whereas the opposite situation

occurs on Signy Island.

(14) ROBINSON (1972) reported Ditrichum brotherusii (R. Br. ter.) Seppelt

(as Pseudodistichium fuegianum Roiv.) from the Antarctic (Livingston I., South

Shetland Islands) and suggested that plants previously reported from the Antarc-

tic as Distichium capillaceum (Hedw.) B.S.G. may also belong to Pseudodisti-

chium Card. (— Ditrichum, see SEPPELT 1982). However, D. capillaceum

occurs frequently in the maritime Antarctic (NEWTON 1977; see also specimens

distributed in the present Exsiccata). Ditrichum austro-georgicum was recorded

for the first time in the Antarctic on Deception Island in the period before the

1967-1970 volcanic eruptions, but the occurrence of the species has not been

recently confirmed (SMITH 1984, b; observations of Ochyra).

(15) The Orthotrichaceae of Antarctica have recently been reviewed by

OCHYRA (1985), and Muelleriella crassifolia appears to be a widely distributed

species in the maritime Antarctic (see also CLARKE & LIGHTOWLERS 1983).

(16) Pohlia inflexa is a species widely distributed on South Georgia (CLAR-

KE 1973), and recently it has been confirmed for Antarctica (ALLISON &

SMITH 1973; SMITH 1979). The species needs careful taxonomic evaluation as

it appears to be closely related or identical to Pohlia filum (Schimp.) Márt.

(17) This is the first record of this bipolar species on the South Shetland

Islands. The species has previously been reported only once from within the

Antarctic botanical zone from Signy Island, South Orkney Islands (as P. wahlen-

Бегей var. glacialis (Schleich. ex Brid.) Е.Е. Warb.) by WEBB (1973). It was

considered to be very restricted and rare on this Island. Similarly, P. wahlen-

Бегей is uncommon, although locally abundant, on King George Island. The

present specimen is the voucher material from which the chromosome count of

n= 11 has been established for Antarctic plants (PRZYWARA et al. 1984).

(18) Racomitrium austro-georgicum appears to be an American-subantarctic

species, as it is common on South Georgia (BELL 1974), while its occurrence

on Tierra del Fuego is restricted to higher elevations (ROIVAINEN 1955). In the

Antarctic botanical zone, this species is widespread in the maritime Antarctic

reaching the southernmost locality at Wilkins Coast on the eastern coast of the

Antarctic Peninsula (BELL 1973b). In the South Shetland Islands it was collec-

ted only once from Keller Peninsula on King George Island.

(19) BREMER (1980), in her worldwide revision of Schistidium, synony-

mized S. antarctici with S. apocarpum (Hedw.) B.S.G., assuming that the latter

is cosmopolitan in distribution. In fact, numerable species described from

Source : MNHN, Paris

BRYOPHYTA ANTARCTICA EXSICCATA 59

various parts of the world habe been lumped with S. apocarpum by BREMER

(1980). However, her S. apocarpum actually appears to be a heterogeneous

assemblage of at least several distinct species. Antarctic and subantarctic popu-

lations differ considerably from Holarctic populations of S. apocarpum in the

shape of perichaetial leaves, spore size, and they have distinctly elongate and

pellucid basal marginal cells. The oldest available name for austral populations

appears to be Grimmia chrysoneura, a species described by MUELLER (1883,

1889) from lles Kerguelen. However, the problem needs careful taxonomic

study and at the present time the following tentative taxonomic concept is pro-

posed for the Antarctic populations : Scbistidium chrysoneurum (C. Muell.)

Ochyra comb. nov. Basionym : Grimmia (Platystoma) chrysoneura C. Muell.,

Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 5 : 80. 1883. Type : all new species described by MUEL-

LER (1883) are included in the section «I. Bryologia Kerguelensis»; later,

MUELLER (1889) wrote : «Ins. Kerguelen, Foundery branch, in rupibus siccis

(12.74)» Lectotypus nova : «Ex museo botanico Berolinensi. Grimmia chryso-

neura C. Müll Kerguelen, Foundery branch, in rupibus siccis. Dr. Naumann,

XII. 1874. Ex Herb. C.M.» - PC-Thér.!; isotype - PC-Card.!

Syn : Grimmia antarctici Card., Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 6 : 15. 1906;

Schistidium antarctici (Card.) Savicz et Smirn., Nov. Sist. Nizsh. Rast. 1965 :

252. 1965. Type : «Shetland du Sud : ile Nelson, Harmony Cove. Terre Louis-

Philippe : débarquement a. Archipel de Graham : Пе Paulet» (Lectotype : «Herb.

J. Cardot. Grimmia antarctici sp. nova. Shetland meridionales, ile Nelson, Har-

mony Cove. Skottsberg 11/1 1902 по 425» - PC; Syntype : «Herb. J. Cardot,

Grimmia antarctici Card. sp. nova. Archipel de Graham : Пе Paulet. leg. Skotts-

berg 1902 по 449» - S!, DI, LE!), syn. nov.

(20) This is the first record of this subantarctic species from within the

Antarctic botanical zone (OCHYRA & BELL 1984).

(21) The identity of this material must remain uncertain until a thorough

taxonomic revision of the austral species of Schistidium is completed. Typical

Schistidium hyalino-cuspidatum (C. Muell.) Bell and its Andean synonym 5.

angustifolium (Mitt.) Herz. have elongated basal cells with strongly sinouse walls,

whereas the present Antarctic material is characterized by rather straight walls.

(22) The genus Tortula is very prominent in the impoverished Antarctic moss

flora, both in terms of frequency and cover. The genus, however, needs a careful

taxonomic revision that includes the taxa described from temperate zone of the

southern hemisphere.

Since the submission of the present paper a monograph of South Georgian

Tortula has been finally published by LIGHTOWLERS (1985). According

to this author the correct names for the Antarctic species of Tortula are as

follows : Tortula conferta Bartr. = T. princeps De Not. var. conferta (Bartr.)

Light. T. excelsa Card. = T. filaris (С. Müll.) Broth. T. fuscoviridis Card. = T.

saxicola Card. T. grossiretis Card. — T. princeps De Not.

Source - MNHN. Paris

60 К. OCHYRA, Р.Н. VITT and D.G. HORTON

ACKNOWLEDGMENT. — The curation and distribution of the exsiccata were supported

by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada through grant A-6390

to DH. Vitt, for which we are grateful. We would thank the directors and curators of D, HBG,

LD, LE, PC, and S for the loan of critical specimens.

LITERATURE CITED

ALLISON J.S. & SMITH R.LL., 1973 — The vegetation of Elephant Island, South Shetland

Islands. Brit. Antarct. Surv. Bull. 33 and 34 : 185-212.

BELL B.G., 1973a — Notes on Antarctic bryophytes :

botanical zone. Brit. Antarct. Surv. Bull. 36 : 131-132.

BELL В.С., 1973b — Notes on Antarctic bryophytes : П. Records of Racomitria from the

Antarctic botanical zone. Brit. Antarct. Surv. Bull. 37 :91-94.

|. New records from the Antarctic

BELL B.G., 1974 — A synoptic flora of South Georgian mosses: V. Willia and Racomitrium.

Brit. Antarct. Surv. Bull. 38 : 73-101.

BELL B.G., 1976 — Notes on Antarctic bryophytes : VI. The genus Dicranoweisia on Signy

Island, South Orkney Islands. Brit. Antarct. Surv. Bull. 44 :97-100.

BREMER B., 1980 — A taxonomic revision of Schistidium (Grimmiaceae, Bryophyta) 2.

Lindbergia 6 : 89-117.

CARDOT J., 1900 — Note préliminaire sur les mousses recueillies par l'Expédition antarc-

tique belge. Rev. Bryol. 27 : 38-46.

CARDOT J., 1901 — Mousses et coup d'eil sur la flore bryologique des Terres Magella-

niques. Expédition Antarctique Belge. Résultats du Voyage du S.Y. Belgica en 1897-

1898-1899 sous le commandement de A. de Gerlache de Gomery. Rapports scienti-

fiques, botanique, mousses. Anvers : J.-E. Buschmann. 48 p.

CARDOT J., 1908 — La flore bryologique des Terres Magellaniques, de la Géorgie du Sud et

de l'Antarctide. Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. Südpolar-Exp. 1901-1903,4 (8) : 1-298. Stock-

holm.

CLARKE С.С.5., 1973 - A synoptic flora of South Georgian mosses : Ш. Leptotheca,

Philonotis, Mielichhoferia and Pohlia. Brit. Antarct. Surv, Bull. 37 :53-79.

CLARKE G.C.S. & LIGHTOWLERS P.J., 1983 — Notes on Antarctic bryophytes : XI.

Mielichhoferia austro-georgica and Muelleriella crassifolia. Brit. Antarct. Surv. Bull.

59 : 35-39.

GREENE S.W., 1968a — Studies in Antarctic bryology I. — A basic check list for mosses.

Rev. Bryol. Lichénol.36 : 132-138.

GREENE S.W., 1968b — Studies in Antarctic bryology. II. — Andreaea, Neuroloma. Rev.

Bryol. Lichénol. 36 : 139-146.

GREENE S.W., GREENE D.M., BROWN P.D. & PACEY J.M., 1970 — Antarctic moss flora.

I, The genera Andreaea, Pohlia, Polytrichum, Psilopilum, and Sarconeurum. Brit. An-

tarct. Surv. Sci. Rep. 64 : 1-118.

HORIKAWA Y. & ANDO H., 1963 — A review of the Antarctic species of Ceratodon des-

cribed by CARDOT. Hikobia 3 (4) : 275-280.

KANDA H., 1980 — Two moss species of the genus Pottia collected from the vicinity of

Syowa Station, East Antarctica. Antarct. Rec. 71 : 96-108.

LIGHT J.J. & HEYWOOD R.B., 1975 — Is the vegetation of continental Antarctica predo-

minantly aquatic ? Nature (London) 256 : 199-200.

Source : MNHN, Paris

BRYOPHYTA ANTARCTICA EXSICCATA 61

LIGHTOWLERS P.J., 1984 — Taxonomy of sub-Antarctic mosses - Tortula. Inst. Terrestr.

Ecol. Annual Rep. 1983 :70-71.

LIGHTOWLERS P.J., 1985 — A synoptic flora of South Georgian mosses : Tortula. Brit.

Antarct. Surv. Bull. 67 : 41-77.

MATTERI C.M., 1977 — Notes on Antarctic bryophytes : X. The genus Pottia from the

Antarctic botanical zone. Brit. Antarct. Surv. Bull. 46 : 140-143.

MUELLER C., 1883 — Die auf der Expedition S.M.S. «Gazelle» von Dr. Naumann gesam-

melten Laubmoose. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 5 : 76-88.

MUELLER C., 1889 — Laubmoose (Musci Frondosi). In : Forschungs. S.M.S. «Gazelle» 4

(Bot.). Berlin : Mittler. 64 р.

NEWTON M.E., 1977 — Notes on Antarctic bryophytes : VII. The occurrence of Disti-

chium B.S.G. and Dicranella (C. Muell.) Schimp. in the Antarctic botanical zone. Brit.

Antarct. Surv. Bull. 46 : 131-135.

OCHI H., 1979 — A taxonomic review of the genus Bryum, Musci in Antarctica. Mem. Nat.

Inst. Polar Res. Spec. Issue 11 : 70-80.

OCHI H. & OCHYRA R., 1985 — Bryum dichotomum Hedw., a species new to the Antarc-

tic. Lindbergia 10 (in press).

OCHYRA R., 1985 — On the Antarctic species of the family Orthotrichaceae. Lindbergia

11 (in press).

OCHYRA R. & BELL B.G., 1984 — A record of Schistidium falcatum (Bryophyta : Musci)

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83-102.

PRZYWARA L., KUTA E. & OCHYRA R., 1985 — Cytological studies on Antarctic mosses

11. J. Hattori Bot. Lab, 57 :127437.

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Source : MNHN, Paris

62 R. OCHYRA, D.H. VITT and D.G. HORTON

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Source : MNHN, Paris

Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 1986, 7 (1) : 63-70 63

LICHENS AND LICHEN PARASITES

FROM THE BRITISH - SWEDISH - NORWEGIAN ANTARCTIC

EXPEDITION 1949-52 TO DRONNING MAUD LAND

D.O. OVSTEDAL*

ABSTRACT. — 23 species plus 4-5 taxa of uncertain identity were recorded. For some taxa,

taxonomic remarks are given. Bacidia trachona (Ach.) Lettau and Caloplaca jungermanniae

(Vahl) Th. Fr. are reported for the first time from the Antarctic. «Lecidea» oroantarctica

is described as new. Phytogeographical relations are discussed.

INTRODUCTION

The field members of the 1949-52 Norwegian - British - Swedish expedition

to the Antarctic continent visited the rock outcrop area of western Dronning

Maud Land between 2° and 12° W, and 71° 08' and 73° 40'S. A series of

northeast-trending mountain ranges occurs with a rock-surface relief of more

than 2500 m. The bedrock includes two distinct assemblages (ROOTS 1953).

The first is composed of metamorphic rocks, mainly banded gneisses, amphi-

bolites, schists and pegmatites. The second includes sedimentary rocks, mainly

siltstones, greywaches and conglomerates. Volcanic rocks also occurred. The

macroclimate of Dronning Maud Land is described by LINDSAY (1972). The

vast majority of the Lichens examined was collecetd by Dr. O. Wilson, Sweden.

The material is deposited in UPS.

List of localities

1. Passat 9. Lenestolen

2. Fórstefjell 10. Doc's Berg

3. Knallen 11. Nunatak 1 A

4. Station 218 F 12. Rdseberget

5. Skorpberget 13. Neumeyerveggen

6. Ekberget 14. Steinklumpen

7. Nunatak 113 F 15. Morainic boulder IX

8. Pyramiden 16. Sddre Portalbergen

E.F. Roots collected at loc. 7; otherwise the collector was O. Wilson.

* Botanical Institute, P.O. Box 12, N-5014 Bergen, Norway.

Source : MNHN. Paris

64 D.O. OVSTEDAL

Acarospora chlorophana (Wahlenb.) Mass. — Syn. Biatorella cerebriformis

(Dodge) Filson, B. antarctica Murray. The species is common in the continental

Antarctic.

Los: 1.2. 16.

¡A IA

«emp

10um

Fig. 1 — Spores of Bacidia trachona (A-C) and B. stipata (D). A : Antarctis, Dronning Maud

Land (loc. 1); В: Norway, Troms, Tromsd , Fidy fiellet, leg. Th. M. Fries 1964 (UPS); C:

Sweden, Jämtland, Areskutan, leg. 5. Almquist 1808 (UPS), D : Antarctis, Dronning

Maud land (loc. 1).

Source : MNHN, Paris

ANTARCTIC LICHENS AND LICHEN PARASITES 65

A. guynnii Dodge et Rudolph — This species was recently discussed by OVSTE-

DAL (1983). It differs from A. chlorophana mainly in growth form and chemis-

try. Common in the continental Antarctic.

Loc. : 1, 3,4,5, 6, 7, 16.

A. cf. williamsii Filson — The specimens were growing both on soil and on

weathering rock. They are in all essential details in accordance with the descrip-

tion by FILSON (1966), but the type has not been seen.

According to the original description, the spores of A. williamsii measure

44,5 x 22,5 um. In the present material, the spores are somewhat smaller, ca

3 x 2 um. In all other details the specimens agree with the original description.

Loc. : 1, 3,5, 8.

Bacidia stipata M. Lamb — The specimens conform well with the description of

B. stipata (LAMB 1954). Typical stipes are found, but often the thallus is com-

pressed to a more or less undifferentiated spongy mass. It is clearly different

from B. trachona (see below) in the pale subhymenium and somewhat larger,

subvermiform spores (Fig. 1). TLC : negative.

Loc. : 1.

Bacidia tracbona (Ach.) Lettau — Thallus forming pulvinate clumps up to

5 mm high, stunted specimens only digitate outgrowths from the rock, ca 1mm

high, pale brown to greyish. Apothecia apical, lecideine, globose, black to brown-

black, up to 0,5 mm diam. Excipulum narrow, hyaline. Hypothecium 90-120 um

high, red-brown. Hymenium 50-65 um high, in the upper part (epithecium)

blue-black, otherwise hyaline. Paraphyses simple to moderately branched.

Spores 8 in asci, 5 x 5 um, fusiform, 13-16 x 2.3-septate (Fig. 1). Pycnidia not

seen. TLC : negative. Specimens of Bacidia trachona from northern Europe

have a thallus varying from very thin and smooth to thick and scabrose. The

epithecium is green to olivaceous. In all other characters the antarctic and nor-

thern European specimens are similar. Apparently new to the Antarctic region.

Loc. : 1.

Buellia foecunda Filson — Spores ca 12 x 6 um, epithecium faintly but distinct-

ly aeruginose, hypothecium pale. This species seems to be common in the conti-

nental Antarctic (see OVSTEDAL 1983).

Loc. : 5.

B. illaetabilis M. Lamb — Epithecium aeruginose, HNO} red; thallus areolae flat,

pale grey, I”, This species has previously been reported from Vestfjella (OVSTE-

DAL 1983, LINDSAY 1972). TLC : negative.

Loc. : 1, 3, 5, 10.

B. pycnogonoides Darb. — The prothallus is not as well developed as described

Source : MNHN, Paris

66 D.O. OVSTEDAL

in LAMB (1968). Probably a rare species. TLC : norstictic acid and an uniden-

tified pigment.

Loc. : 2, 5, 10, 11.

? Buellia sp. — Thallus crustose, effuse, non-effigurate, up to ca 2 cm diam.,

composed of ochre to pale green-grey areolae, sterile. Prothallus thin. Soralia

white, delimited, concave, 0.5-0.8 mm diam. Pycnidia not seen. TLC : norstictic

acid.

The only species described from Antarctica which is similar to this taxon is

Buellia soredians Filson (FILSON 1974). The holotypus of this species (MEL)

was investigated. It consisted of slightly convex, scattered areolae, 0.5-1 mm

diam., beige-brown, sorediate. Usually the soralia covered most of the areolae.

Soralia brown-black, soredia coarse. Eroded soralia plane to slightly concave.

Material too scanty for TLC analysis. The investigated taxon is so different from

B. soredians that it cannot be concluded that they are conspecific.

Loc. : 5, 8,9.

Caloplaca citrina (Hoffm.) Th. Fr. — Growing over bryophytes. A common

species in the continental Antarctic. Sterile.

Loc. : 5,6.

Caloplaca jungermanniae (Vahl) Th. Fr. — Apothecia up to 1 mm, usually

eroded and then with an almost black surface, but on sheltered places with an

ochraceous yellow-brown to yellow-red disc, margin thin, concolorous with disc,

not protruding. Spores thin-walled, ca 22 x 12 um, septa thin, 4-5 um. Para-

physes with end cell only slightly larger than the other cells, 3-4 um diam.

Excipulum proprium prominent, composed of radiating cells. The specimens

has been compared to material of C. jungermanniae from Europe, and found to

be similar in all essential details. The thallus is very small and almost non-exis-

tant, but this may also be the case in north European material. Overgrowing

Bacidia stipata M. Lamb. lt seems that this species has not previously been

reported from the Antarctic region.

Loc.: 1.

Candelariella ballettensis (Murray) Qvst. — A common species on bryophytes.

Not rare in the continental Antarctic.

Loc. :1, 6.

Lecanora expectans Darb. — The type of L. expectans (BM) has been investi-

gated, and found to be similar in all essential details to the present material. It

is also the same species as the material which Filson distributed under this name

in his Exsicc. Antarct. The type contains no secondary chemical products, as

revealed by TLC. A common species on bryophytes, widespread in the conti-

nental Antarctic. TLC : negative.

Loc. : 5,6.

Source : MNHN, Paris

ANTARCTIC LICHENS AND LICHEN PARASITES 67

Lecanora aff. subfusca s. lat. — Spores ca 16 x 6 um. On rock. Very scanty

material. There seems to be no previous report of any species in the Lecanora

subfusca group in the Antarctic.

Loc. : 6.

Lecidea s. lat. spp. — There аге 3-4 species of Lecidea s. lat. in the material.

Professor H. Hertel, München, plans to study the Antarctic Lecidea, and no

attempt has been made here towards a thorough treatment.

Lepraria angardiana Qvst. — This species was recently described from the H.U.

Sverdrup mountains, Antarctica (DVSTEDAL 1984). Growing over dead bryo-

phytes. TLC : atranorin, porphyrilic acid and roccellic acid.

Loc.: 1.

«Lecidea» oroantarctica Qvst. sp. nov.

Fungus lichenicola. Apothecia lecideinea, nigra, nitida, ad 1 mm diam.

Excipulum fuscum, ad 40 ит latum, textura intricata. Hymenium 50-65 um

altum, caerulescens, I «reagents» caerulens, ad parte supremus nigro - caeru-

lens; paraphyses flexuosae, ramosae ad anastomosantes, conglutinatae, ca 1 um

crassae, cellus extremus amplificatus ad 2.5 um, nigro-caerulens; hypothecium

ad 140 um crassum, fuscum; asci 26-30 um lati, 8-spori; sporae 12.6 + 1.52 um

longi, 4.8 + 0.75 um crassae, (n = 14), incolores, non-septatae.

Holotypus : vide infra.

Apothecia lecideine, black, shiny, up to 1 mm diam. The margin of mature

apothecia slightly elevated and the disc usually somewhat convex. Excipulum

brown, up to 40 um wide, textura intricata, with long hyphae running parallel

to paraphyses. Hymenium 50-65 um high, bluish, in upper part blue-black,

thecium reacting I blue. Paraphyses flexuose, branched to anastomosing, strong-

ly adglutinated, ca 1 um diam., upper cell(s) slightly enlarged (to 2.5 um),

blue-black. Hypothecium up to 140 um high, brown. Asci clavate, 26-30 um

long, 8-spored. Spores simple, uncoloured 12.6 + 1.52 x 4.8 + 0.75 um (n = 14).

Growing on thalli of Rhizoplaca melanophthalma. This taxon keys best out as

Nesolechia cladoniaria (Nyl.) Arnold in the keys of KEISSLER (1930) and

VOUAUX (1912-14). However, some specimens of N. cladoniaria in UPS have

been examined, and found to differ in the smaller size of the apothecia (0.1-

0.15 mm diam.), which are just protruding from the thallus of the host, very

thin excipulum (only 2-3 rows of cells), yellowish hypothecium, very pale Г

blue reaction of the thecium, and different host. In Europe also N. supersparsa

(Nyl) Rehm and N. aggregantula (Müller) Rehm are found on Lecanora s. lat.

(L. polytropa and L. subdiscrepans, R. Santesson in litt.). N. supersparsa differs

from «L.» oroantarctica in its spores which have pointed ends, and also unco-

loured hypothecium, while N. aggregantula differs from «L.» oroantarctica in

its almost globose spores (8-11 x 5-7 um). Two collections of Nesolechia kolien-

sis Ras. (H), growing on Lecanora frustulosa, have been examined. They differ

from «L.» oroantarctica in that the apothecia are very small (0.1-0.2 mm diam.);

Source : MNHN, Paris

68 D.O. OVSTEDAL

T pale to moderate red thecium; upper part of thecium brown; hypothecium

red(brown); thin, pale excipulum and slightly larger spores (14-17 um long).

According to Santesson (in litt.), «L.» oroantarctica does not belong to the

genus Nesolechia. It is apparently associated with a number of species (e. g.

Lecidea atronivea, L. vitellinaria, L. vorticosa) which form a distinct group

at the rank of genus (HERTEL & ZHAO 1982, HERTEL 1983).

Loc. : Dronning Maud Land, Férstefjell (loc. 2), O. Wilson leg., 3.X1.1951

(UPS) (Holotypus); in addition 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14. This species was also

found in Vestfjella, and listed as Lecidea sp. by OVSTEDAL (1983).

Neuropogon sulpbureus (Koenig) Hellbom — Common in the continental

Antarctic. TLC : usnic acid.

Loc. : 1,6, 7.

Pbyscia caesia (Hoffm.) Fürnrohr — Growing over bryophytes and lichens.

Loc. : 1,6,7.

Pseudepbebe minuscula (Ach. ex Nyl.) Brodo et D. Hawksw. — Common in

the continental Antarctic. TLC : negative.

Loc. : 1,6.

Rbizocarpon adarense (Darb.) M. Lamb — Apparently a rare species. TLC : rhi-

zocarpic acid.

Loc. : 1,8.

Rbizocarpon geograpbicum (L.) DC. — In the key to European Rhizocarpon in

POELT (1969), the specimens key out either as R. atroflavescens Lynge (with

1-4 transverse septa, and occasional 1 longitudinal septum), or R. geographicum

(L.) DC. (with wall formed septation of the spores, 6-8-10 cells seen overall).

The holotypus- of R. atroflavescens (O) was examined, and showed 2 to 3

transverse and O to 1 longitudinal septa. The number of cells seen overall was

4.0, The specimens from the Wilson collection had 2 to 5 transverse and 1 to 3

longitudinal septa. The mean number of cells seen overall was 5.9. Even if HER-

TEL (1981) found a somewhat higher value of cells in spores of R. atroflaves-

cens, the Wilson specimens are at present best placed in R. geographicum. How-

ever, typical R. geographicum from N Europe has a higher number of cells in

the spores.

DODGE (1973) lists 3 yellow Rhizocarpon from the Antarctic : R. melano-

stichum (Hue) Darb., R. nidificum (Hue) Darb. and R. flavum Dodge et Baker.

They are mainly distinguished by the height of the thecium and the size of the

spores. The height of the thecium is usually quite variable in a population and

generally not regarded as a reliable character, while more importance may be

attributed to spore size. The types of the three last-mentioned species were not

obtainable. TLC : rhizocarpic acid.

Loc. : 3, 5, 10.

Source : MNHN, Paris

ANTARCTIC LICHENS AND LICHEN PARASITES 69

Rbizoplaca melanopbtbalma (Lam.) Leuck. et Poelt — A common species іп

the Antarctic. TLC : usnic acid and zeorin.

Loc. : 2,3,5,6,9, 10,12, 13, 14.

Umbilicaria decussata (Vill.) Frey — Common in the Antarctic.

әсі: 1576, 7:14:

U. aprina Nyl. — Common in the continental Antarctic.

Loc. : 1,6,7.

Xantboria candelaria (L.) Th. Fr. — A common species in the Antarctic.

Loc. : 5,6.

X. elegans (Link) Th. Fr. — Probably the most common lichen in the conti-

nental Antarctic.

Loc. : 1,6, 7, 9, 14.

DISCUSSION

The present account includes 24 species plus 3-4 Lecidea s. lat. spp. This is

about the same number of species which were found by OVSTEDAL (1983,

1984) in Vestfjella and H.U. Sverdrupfjella, west of the present group of ridges.

Altogether in these mountain groups, 30 species plus 6-7 Lecidea spp. have

been collected. With the present collection, another two species are recognized

as bipolar, viz. Bacidia trachona and Caloplaca jungermanniae. Rhizocarpon

adarense appears to belong to the continental Antarctic flora (LAMB 1968),

while Bacidia stipata appears to occur both in the continental and maritime

(subantarctic) Antarctica (LAMB 1954).

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. — I am indebted to Professor R. Santesson, Uppsala, for placing

the material at my disposal, and also for comments on parts of the manuscript, and to Pro-

fessor Н. Hertel, München for information. T. Ténsberg, Bergen, kindly revised the manu-

script. | am indebted to the curators of the herbaria H, MEL, O and UPS for loan of mate-

rial. H.J.B. Birks, Bergen, kindly revised the language.

LITERATURE

DODGE C.W., 1973 — Lichen Flora of the Antarctic Continent and Adjacent Islands.

Canaan : Phoenix Publishing.

FILSON R.B., 1966 — The Lichens and Mosses of Mac. Robertson Land. ANARE Sci.

Rep. Ser. B (II) Bot. 82 :1-169.

Source : MNHN. Paris

70 D.O. OVSTEDAL

FILSON R.B., 1974 — Studies in Antarctic Lichens II : Lichens from the Windmill Islands,

Wilkes Land. Muelleria 3 :9-36.

HERTEL H., 1981 — Bemerkungen zum Faszikel 11 der «Lecideaceae Exsiccatae». Mitt.

Bot. Staatssamml. München 17 : 537-548.

HERTEL H. & ZHAO C.F., 1982 — Lichens from Changbai Shan - some additions to the

lichen flora of north-east China. Lichenologist 14 (2) :139-152.

HERTEL H., 1983 — Über einige aus Lecidea und Melanolecia (Ascomycetes Lichenisati)

auszuschliessenden Arten. Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 19 : 441-447.

KEISSLER K.v., 1930 — Die Flechtenparasiten. In : RABENHORST's Kryptogamenflora

von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. VIII, 2 Aufl. Leipzig.

LAMB LM., 1954 — Studies in frutescent Lecideaceae (lichenized discomycetes). Rhodora

56 :105-129.

LAMB LM. 1968 — Antarctic lichens : П. The Genera Buellia and Rinodina. With an

ontogenetic section by A. Henssen. Brit. Antarctic Survey Sci. Rep. 61 :1-129.

LINDSAY D.C. 1972 — Lichens from Vestfjella, Dronning Maud Land. Norsk Polarinst.

Skr. 101 :

POELT J., 1969 — Bestimmungsschlüssel europáischer Flechten. Lehre.

ROOTS E.F. 1953 — Preliminary note on the geology of western Dronning Maud Land.

Norsk Polarinst. Medd. 74 : 17-33.

VOUAUX A. 191214 — Synopsis des Champignons parasites des Lichens. Bull. Soc.

Mycol. France 2829-30.

OVSTEDAL D.O., 1983 — Some lichens from Vestfella, Dronning Mauds Land, Antarctis.

Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 4 (3) :217-226.

@VSTEDAL D.O., 1984 — Some Lichens from H.U. Sverdrup Mountains, Dronning Maud

Land, Antarctis. Nova Hedwigia 37 : 683-690.

Source : MNHN, Paris

Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 1986, 7 (1) : 71-75 71

CROSSIDIUM ABERRANS HOLZ. & BARTR.

(MUSCI) NOVEDAD PARA LA FLORA EUROPEA

RM. ROS * y J, GUERRA **

SUMMARY. — Crossidium aberrans Holz. & Bartr. is reported as new to the European

Flora,

RESUMEN. — Crossidium aberrans Holz. & Bartr. se cita por vez primera en Europa.

Dos muestras de un musgo de la familia Pottiaceae recolectadas en las cer-

canías de Archivel (WH8616) y Pajarón (WH8422), provincia de Murcia (Espa-

ña), se han identificado como Crossidium aberrans Holz. & Bartr.

El material ibérico ha sido comparado con otras muestras procedentes de

Norte América y Asia, para asegurar de esta manera su identificación. La especie

no era conocida del continente europeo y en la Península Ibérica debe tratarse

de un taxon bastante raro y probablemente restringido a zonas de clima árido o

semiárido, pues en el trabajo de FUERTES-LASALA (1983), donde se recoge

la revisión de numeroso material ibérico del género Crossidium, no se denuncia

su presencia. Por otra parte en la obra de CORLEY et al. (1981) tampoco

aparece mencionada esta especie. Por tanto estas deben ser las primeras locali-

dades europeas conocidas.

La siguiente descripción está basada en el material español.

Tallos hasta 3 mm de altura. Hojas caulinares contortas en seco y erectas en

húmedo, linguliformes, a veces ovado-lanceoladas, de 0,6-1,4 x 0,3-0,8 mm, neta-

mente cóncavas en la parte superior y media, ápice obtuso o redondeado, casi

siempre emarginado, margen entero, a veces ligeramente crenulado por la pro-

yección de las papilas celulares, netamente revuelto desde el ápice hasta casi la

base, base foliar no decurrente (Fig. 1 : a). Areolación superior formada por

* Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia.

** Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga.

Source : MNHN, Paris

72 R.M. ROS Y J. GUERRA

FIG. 1. — Crossidium aberrans Holz, & Bartr. (BRIOF MGC 717). a : hojas caulinares. b :

corte transversal en la parte superior del filidio. c; idem en la parte media. d : aspecto

del borde foliar en la parte abaxial superior cercana al nervio. e : aspecto de las células

superiores del limbo, f : idem de las células inferiores del limbo cercanas a la nerviadura.

g : esporófito.

Source : MNHN. Paris

CROSSIDIUM ABERRANS EN EUROPA 73

células redondeado-hexagonales, las células medias del limbo cuadrado-hexa-

gonales, en general con esquinas bastante marcadas y en ambos casos netamente

papilosas por la presencia de una papila simple y central en cada lado de la hoja,

a veces, aunque muy raramente, dos papilas por célula o una bifurcada pueden

aparecer (Fig. 1 : e). Células inferiores del limbo cercanas a la nerviadura más o

menos hialinas, rectangulares de 20-47,5 um de largas (Fig. 1 : f), las cercanas al

borde más cortamente rectangulares. Nerviadura de 60-70 ит de anchura en la

mitad de la hoja, excurrentes en un largo pelo hialino liso de hasta c. 1 mm, más

raramente puede terminar en un corto mucrón. En corte transversal presenta 3-5

células guías (euricistos) y 2-5 capas de estereidas abaxiales. Sobre la nervia-

dura filamentos clorofílicos cortos con 1-3 (4) células de altos, las células supe-

riores de estos filamentos son por lo general subglobosas o cuadradas, con 24

papilas sobre ellas (Fig, 1 : b y c). Planta dioica. Hojas periqueciales oval-oblon-

gas a espatuladas, nerviadura terminando en un corto pelo o en mucrón, margen

entero, revoluto, algunas veces plano. Esporófito con la seta rojiza, retorcida en

la parte superior y muy ligeramente en la inferior, de 8-15 mm de larga; cápsula

de largamente ovoide a casi cilíndrica en la madurez, erecta, de color marrón y

de 1,5-2 mm de larga; cofia amarillenta o marrón, cubriendo algo más de la

mitad de la cápsula; peristoma formado por 32 dientes ligeramente papilosos,

de 600-900 um de largo, retorcidos en espiral dando dos vueltas; opérculo lar-

gamente cónico, generalmente inclinado, de 0,8-1 mm de largo (Fig. 1 :g); espo-

ras ligeramente papilosas o casi lisas, de 9-13 um.

Descrito por HOLZINGER & BARTRAM (1924) como especie aparte de

Crossidium spatulaefolium Holz. & Bartr., han sido sinonimizados por DELGA-

DILLO (1975). Por otra parte, puede distinguirse fácilmente del resto de las es-

pecies del génera por las células superiores del limbo con una papila simple a

cada lado y sobre todo por los filamentos supranerviales cortos con células glo-

bosas y escasamente papilosas.

Distribución. — Atendiendo al conocimiento que actualmente se posee de

su corología (Mapa 1), puede deducirse que se trata de una especie circunté-

thica (reino holártico), exhibiendo la distribución típica que poseen numerosas

especies de briófitos xerofíticos, como expresión de un origen geográfico e histó-

tico común, Forma parte, pues, de una flora briofítica originada hacia la mitad

del Mesofítico (entre el Turingiense y Wealdiense), explicándose por tanto que

su distribución sea referible a las zonas áridas de las regiones xerotémicas del

subreino circuntéthico (según los conceptos de FREY & KUERSCHNER 1983) :

región drida de Norteamérica región mediterránea, región saharo-arábica y región

irano-turänica. Se conoce de Estados Unidos, Mexico, Egipto, Argelia y Espana.

Sin embargo, cabe la posibilidad, dado el medio tan alterado donde se ha en-

contrado y las especies acompañantes, de acusado matiz nitrófilo o ruderal, de

que la especie halla sido introducida de manera accidental en la Península ibé-

rica, no obstante, nos movemos en el terreno de una hipótesis que podrá o no

ser confirmada cuando se posean más datos sobre la distribución y ecología de la

especie.

Source : MNHN, Paris

74 R.M. ROS Y J. GUERRA

MAPA 1. — Distribución actualmente conocida de Crossidium aberrans Holz. & Bartr. El

círculo representa la situación de las nuevas localidades europeas.

Ecología. — Hallado en suelos de naturaleza caliza, no húmicos que presen-

tan rección mediana a fuerte frente al CHI (1/2) y un pH de 7,5-8,5. Normal-

mente asociado a Pottia intermedia (Turn.)Fürnr., Bryum radiculosum Brid.,

Weissia controversa Hedw. var. crispata (Nees & Hornsch.) Nyh. y Bryum argen-

teum Hedw.

Las localidades donde se ha encontrado esta especie, Archivel y Pajarón, se

encuentran enclavadas, respectivamente, en los pisos bioclim áticos mesomedi-

terráneo seco (altitud : 920 m, P : 350-600 mm y Т: 13-179 C) y supramedi-

terráneo seco (altitud 1.200 m, P : 350-600 mm y T : 8-130 C).

Material examinado. — ESPAœA : Murcia, Moratella, c. Pajarón, Ros (BRIOF

MGC 717). Ibidem (H). Murcia, c. Archivel, Ros (BRIOF MGC 718). EGYPTO :

Sinai, c. Theil des Serbal, Kneucker (Herb. V.F. Brotherus in H). U.S.A. : Arizo-

na, Pima Co., desert E of Tucson, Haring & Haskell (US 3542a). Arizona, Chira-

calana Mts., Leiberg (US 1046), Arizona, Pima Co., Sta. Catalina Mts., Bartram

(US 66, isótipo). MEXICO : Sonora, in canyon west of Baviácora, Richard,

Drouet & Lockhart (US 648).

REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFICAS

CORLEY M.F.V., CRUNDWELL A.C., DULL R., HILL М.О. & SMITH A.J.E., 1981 -

Mosses of Europe and the Azores; an annotated list of species, with synonyms from re-

cent literature. J. Bryol, 11 : 609-689.

Source : MNHN, Paris

CROSSIDIUM ABERRANS EN EUROPA 75

DELGADILLO M.C., 1975. — Taxonomic Revision of Aloina, Aloinella and Crossidium

(Musci). The Bryologist 78 (3) : 245-303.

FREY W: & KUERSCHNER H., 1983 — New records of bryophytes from Transjordan with

remarks on phytogeography and endemism in SW Asiatic mosses. Lindbergia 9 (2) :

121-132.

FUERTES-LASALA E., 1983 — El género Crossidium Jur. en la Península Ibérica, Islas

baleares, Canarias y Madeira, Anales Jard, Bot. Madrid 40 : 29-35

HOLZINGER J.M. & BARTRAM E.B., 1924 — The Genus Crossidium in North America.

The Bryologist 27 : 3-9.

Source : MNHN. Paris

Е vr i

| 25-055

я ee wet

Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 1986, 7(1): 77-85. 77

BIBLIOGRAPHIE BRYOLOGIQUE

D. LAM"

SYSTEMATIQUE, NOMENCLATURE

86-001 CAMPBELL E.0. - Notes on some Anthocerotae of New Zealand (4). Tuatara 1984,

27(2): 77-104, 16 fig. (Massey Univ., Palmerston North, New Zealand).

Clé, descr., ill. du genre Megaceros et de ses 4 esp. présentes en Nouvelle-Z6-

lande. Devenir des autres esp. citées par HAMLIN (1972). Noter Phaeoceros coriaceus

(Steph.) comb. nouv. (s4nthoceros).

86-002 GROLLE А. - Nomina genera Hepaticarum; references, types and synonymies .Acta

Bot. Fenn. 1983, 121: 1-62 (Sekt. Biol.,Friedrich-Schiller-Univ., DDR-69 Jena).

Liste alphabétique de tous les noms génériques des hépatiques publiés (incl. fos-

siles) avec nom d'auteur, référence bibliogr., informations sur le type, nom cor-

rect si nécessaire, référence 4 la famille et à la sous-famille. Cette liste est

complétée par un arrangement taxonomique des noms de genres avec leurs synonymes et

des listes de genres fossiles (avec position taxonom. et géologie), de genres ex-

clus, de nouveautés en nomenclature. Noter 23 lectotypifications, Plagiochila wil-

lershauensta (Straus) c.n. (=Plagiochilites), Stephaniellidium Winkler et Grolle

gen. nov. et 8. eiewneri (К. MUY.) Winkler ex Grolle c.n. (=Stephantella).

86-003 GROLLE R. and ISOVIITA P. - Is Calypogeja preferable to Calpogeia for stabi-

lity? Ann. Bot. Fenn. 1983, 20(1); 41-42 (Ibidem).

Plaidoierie pour conserver l'ortographe habituelle Calypogeta contre l'orthogra-

phe originelle Calypogeja.

80-004 KOPONEN T. and NORRIS D.H. - Bryophyte flora of the Huon Peninsula, Papua

New Guinea. I. Study area and its bryological exploration. II. Mniaceae (Musci).

Ann. Bot. Fenn. 1983, 20(1): 15-29, 2 tabl., 6 fig.; 31-40, 32 fig. (Bot. Mus.,

Univ. Helsinki, Unioninkatu 44, SF-00170 Helsinki 17).

I. Résultats des explorations en 1981 du Botanical Museum (Univ. Helsinki) et du

Bryophyte Herbarium (Humboldt State Univ., Arcata, California). Géologie, végéta-

tion, substrat, sites, historique des récoltes bryologiques, de la Péninsule Huon.

Il. Loc., descr., clés des 3 genres et 6 esp. de Мпіасеве de la Péninsule. Données

sur la distr. des Mniaceae en Mélanésie W (Irian W, Papua New Guinea, Iles Solomon).

Miun (M. lycopodioides Schwaegr.) est nouv. pour l'hémisphére Sud. Plagiommium

cordatum sp. nov., diagn., descr., ill. et P. intergun Var. subelimbatumi(Dix.) с.

n. et stat. nov. (tun s.).

86-005 OCHI H. - A revision of the Bryoideae (Musci) in Southern South America. J.

Fac. Educ. Tottori Univ. Nat. Sci. 1982,31: 11-47, 17 fig. (Biol. Inst., Fac.

Educ., Tottori Univ., Koyama-cho, Tottori 680, Japan).

*Laboratoire de Cryptogamie, 12 rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris.

Source : MNHN. Paris

78 BIBLIOGRAPHIE BRYOLOGIQUE

Sur les 200 esp. de Bryoideae décrites pour la région, seules 5 Brachymenium, 1

Acididodontizn et 53 Bryum sont reconnues. Nouvelles synonymies. Bryum miero-

imbricatum nom. nov. pour Anomobryum Татігебе Card. et Broth., В. rubro-marginatum

nom. nov. pour Rhodobryum chilense Thér. - Bryum pachytheca C. Müll. est nouv. pour

l'Amérique du Sud. Taxonomie, descr. pour certains taxons. Clés aux esp. Noter 9

taxons à statut douteux et 2 exclus de la sous-famille. Notes phytogéographiques.

86-008 TIXIER P. - Contribution à la connaissance des Cololejeunoideae. Bryophyt.

Biblioth. 1985, 27: 1-439, 111. (Lab. Cryptogamie, 12 rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris).

Cet ouvrage comporte trois parties distinctes e analyses 86-007, 86-008, 86-

009). 11 est complété par un répertoire des localités visitées et des échantillons

récoltés par le R.P. C. Le Gallo (Guadeloupe, Martinique) et par un index.

86-007 TIXIER P. - Le sous-genre Pedinolejeunea (Benedix) Mizutani (Cololedewnea,

Cololejeunoideae, Lejeuneaceae) dans le domaine indo-pacifique tropical. Essai

monographique. In: P. TIXIER, Contribution à la connaissance des Cololejeunoi-

deae. Bryophyt. Biblioth. 1985, 27, 5-175, 85 fig., 1 photo (Ibidem).

Point de vue de l'auteur sur le sous-genre Pedinolejewnea du genre Cololejeunea

dans la région de l'Océan indien (iles austro-africaines et Sri Lanka) et Océan

pacifique (Asie du SE, Mélanésie et fles du Pacifique). Le sous-genre est divisé

en 8 sections: Pseudolasiolejeunea sect. nov. (esp. type: C. hebridensis sp. nov);

Stylopedinolejeunea sect. nov. (esp. type: C. stylosa; 9 esp. dont C. malaccensis

sp. поу.); Platyeolea Schust. emend. (sous-sect. Finbriatae subsect. nov. (esp.

C. cristata (Steph.) Schust.), sous-sect. Sealares subsect. nov. (esp. type:

C. leloutrei (Е.М. Jones) Schust.); 19 esp. dont les taxons nouveaux: C. borbo-

nica, C. hoeana, C. fructu-marginata, C. ankaina, C. indosinica, C. leloutrei var.

ugularica Pécs, C. 1. var. microlobulata, C. tridentata); Trachypedinolejeunea

sect. nov. (esp. type: C. triapieulata je P.Tx.; 6 esp. dont C. perakensis sp.

nov.); Pseudochlorolejewnea sect. nov. (esp. type: C. chittagongensts Sp. поу.);

Chlorolejewnea Ben. (4 sous-sect. dont Emarginatae et Fasciatae subsect. nov.; 8

esp. dont C. paucimarginata sp. nov.); Chtorocolea Schust. p.p. (3 sous-sect. dont

Sigmoidea subsect. nov., Neopedinolejeunea (Chen et Wu) c.n., Mimutilobulae sub-

sect. nov.: taxons nouv.: C. sigmotdea var.dubia, C. jovetastiae et C. stylilobu-

la); Lancilobea Chen et Wu, (esp. type: C. Zamciloba Steph.; 6 sous-sect. nouv.;

33 esp. dont les nouv.: C. vietnamensis, C. ambelensis, C. georgiana, C. kiriromen:

sis, C. kamehayana, C. malayana, C. latilobula (Herz.)c.n. (=Leptocolea), C. tapro-

banea, C. maritima, C. littoralis, C. selangorensis). Descr., loc., taxonom., ill.

des taxons. Discussion de la valeur taxonomique de certains taxons.

86-008 TIXIER P. - Le sous-genre Lastolejeunea Benedix (Cololejeunea) dans le do-

maine indo-pacifique. In: P. TIXIER, Contribution à la connaissance des Colole-

jeunoideae. Bryophyt. Biblioth. 1985, 27: 177-329, 75 fig., 8 photos (Ibidem).

Point de vue de l'auteur sur le sous-genre Zasiolejeunea (genre Cololejeunea)

dans la région indo-pacifique (iles austro-africaines, Sri Lanka, Asie du SE, Mé-

lanésie, îles du Pacifique). Morphologie du sous-genre. Classification des 74 esp.

reconnues en 7 sections: Gobelae sect. пом. (взр. type: C. goebelii (Gott. ex

Schiffn.) Schiffn., 6 esp. dont C. dalatensis sp. nov.); Verrucosae sect. nov. (esp.

type: С. verrucosa (Steph.) Ben.) Sehmidtianae sect. nov. (esp. type: C. echmidtii

(Steph.) P.Tx., 6 esp. dont C. dolichodorta sp. nov.); Vemustae (Ben.) Р.Тх. (esp.

type: C. haskarliana (Gott.) Ben., 4 esp. dont C. ейеп2і nom. nov. pour C. plagio-

phylla Var. grossidentata Chen et Wu); Rosellatae sect. nov. (esp. type: C. roset-

lata Mizut., 5 esp.); Salebrosae Ben. (esp. type: C. karstentt (Steph.) Ben., 33

esp. dont C. fusca (Steph.) c.n. (=Physocolea), C. obeordata (Aust.) c.n. (= Lejeu-

nea), C. producta (Mitt.) c.n. (=Lejewnea), C. spathulifolia (Steph.) c.n. еріс-

colea), C. pteroporum sp. nov.); Radulae (esp. type: С. chrysanthemi P.Tx.,17 esp.

dont C. kohkongeneie sp. nov. et C. takamakae Sp. nov.).

86-009 TIXIER P. - La section Pellucidae P.Tx. du sous-genre Diplasiolejeunea Schust.

In: P. TIXIER, Contribution à la connaissance des Cololejeunoideae. Bryopkyt. Bi-

blioth. 1985, 27: 331-416, 28 fig., 2 tabl. (Ibidem).

Source : MNHN, Paris

BIBLIOGRAPHIE BRYOLOGIQUE 79

Monographie de la sect. Pellucidae P. Tx. du genre Diplastolejeunea. Définition

du genre, historique, morphol. et distr. Les 26 taxons de la sect. sont répartis

en 4 sous-sect. Descr., taxonom., distr., 111. des taxons. Taxons nouv.: D. arteti-

na, D. caribea, D. caricae, D. craseidentata, D. cubensis, D. evansii, D. glastouis,

D. inermis, D. lanciloba, D. matoubae, D. zacatepecensie, D. malleiformis subsp.

elongata, Subsp. balnearta, subsp. bernardii; D. caribea subsp. mierostipulata,

subsp. subcaribea, subsp. latetrincata; D. malleiformis (Evans) c.n. (=Diplastole-

Зеипеа pellucida уағ.).

86-010 VAN SLAGEREN М.М. - A taxonomic monograph of the genera Brachiolejewiea and

Frullanoides (Hepaticae) with a SEM analysis of the sporophyte in the Ptychan-

thoideae. Utrecht, 1985. 309 p., 84242 tabl., 2 fig. , 35+8+11 pl. (Inst. Syst.

Bot., Heidelberglaan, 2, P.0. Box 80.102, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands).

Cette thèse de doctorat comprend trois parties. 1.- Monographie des genres Bra

chiolejeunea (Spruce) Schiffn. et Frullanoides Raddi - La morphologie et l'anato-

mie du sporophyte et du gamétophyte, ainsi que la cytologie et le développement

des spores, et certains caractéres du sporophyte étudiés en microscopie électr. à

balayage permettent à l'auteur de réduire sensiblement le nombre des esp. et de

proposer une nouvelle délimitation des deux genres. Bnachtolejeunea comprend 4

esp. (l'ancien sous-genre Brachiolejeumea):B. fernandeziana S. Arn., B. laxifolia

(Tayl.) Schiffn., В. Zeiboldiana (Gott. et Lindenb.) Schiffn., B. spruceana

(Ма55.) Schiffn. Prullanoides comprend 7 esp. et 1 sous-esp. (l'ancien sous-genre

Plicolejeunea): F. densifolía Raddi (dont subsp. grandidentata (Clark) c.n.), F.

mexicana Sp. nov. et les comb. nov.: P. bahamensis (Evans), F. corticalio (Lehm.

et Lindenb.), Е. lacintatiflora (Loitl.), Р. Liebmanniana (Lindenb. et Gott.), et

F. tristis (Steph.). Frwllanoidee présente des sporophytes de type fenétré,

Erachiolejeunea de type noduleux. Phylogénie, distr., affinités des deux genres.

Clés poir chaque genre; les esp. et sous-esp. sont illustrées. Pour chaque taxon:

synonymie, typification, descr., distr., notes sur l'écologie, la différentiation

et la variation. Bibliogr. de 8 p. et demi. - 2.- Courte révision du genre Ble-

pharolejeunea S. Arnell, reprise de l'article de М.Н. VAN SLAGEREN and А. Ch.

KRUIJT, A review of the Blepharolejeunea 5. Arn. Beth. Nova Hed»igia 1985, 80:

113-154. - 3.- Analyse au MEB du sporophyte des Ptychanthoideae (en coll. avec

W. BERENDSEN) - Description et affinités des sporophytes de type fenétré et de

type noduleux chez les Ptychanthoideae. Les genres de cette sous-famille à sporo-

phyte de type fenétré sont regroupés dans la nouvelle tribu des Brachiolejeuneae

Van Slag. et Berendsen. - Un index des noms complète cette thèse trés bien présen-

tee. Les photos de microscopie à balayage auraient eu un meilleur rendu si elles

avaient été publiées sur papier couché.

VOIR AUSSI: 86-014.

MORPHOLOGIE, ANATOMIE

86-011 SCHEPF E. and SYCH A. - Distribution of plasmodesmata in developing Sphag-

mum leaflets. Protoplasma 1983, 116(1): 51-56, 6 fig., 1 tabl. (Zellenlehre,

Univ. Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, D-6900 Heidelberg).

VOIR AUSSI: 86-001, 86-007, 86-008, 86-009, 86-010, 86-036.

CYTOLOGIE , ULTRASTRUCTURE

86-012 SACK F.D. and PAOLILLO D.J. Jr. - Stomatal pore and cuticle formation in

Funaria., Protoplasma 1983, 116(1): 1-13, 18 fig. (Boyce Thompson Inst. Pl. Res.,

Sect. Pl. Biol., 239 Plant Sci., Cornell Univ., Ithaca NY 14853 USA).

Ultrastructure de la cellule de garde et de la formation de la cuticule du pore

qui se met en place en méme temps que le pore lui-méme. La cuticularisation des

lamelles du centre contribue à la séparation de la paroi ventrale. Les différen-

Source : MNHN, Paris

80 BIBLIOGRAPHIE BRYOLOGIQUE

ces dans les fibrilles cuticulaires sont liées à la perte d'eau du stomate beau-

coup plus qu'à celle des cellules subsidiaires (transpiration péristomatale).

PHYSIOLOGIE, CHIMIE

86-013 ASAKAWA Y., MATSUDA R., TOYOTA M., TAKEMOTO T., CONNOLLY J.D. and PHILLLIPS

М.В. - Sesquiterpenoids from Chiloseyphus, Clasmatocolea and Prullamia species.

Phytochemistry 1983, 22(4): 961-964, 1 tabl. (Inst. Pharmacognosy, Tokushima +

Bunri Univ., Yamashiro-cho, 770 Tokushima, Japan)

Les ent-7,8-eudesmanolides sont des marqueurs chimiques de Chil. polyanthus et

Clasm. vermicularis. Cette dernière esp. produit aussi des 6,7-eudesmanolides qui

sont des marqueurs chimiques des esp. de Frullæria. С.р. et C. v. sont chimiquer

ment proches de quelques esp. de Diplopkyllzm (Scapaniaceae). La structure du

58-hydroxydiplophyllolide, extr. précédemment de C. p. est révisée en ent-7a-hy-

droxydiplophyllolide par analyse de son spectre. Classification de 6 esp. de Frul-

tanta en chémotypes (F. apiculata,F. denta, Р. clavata, P. faleiloba, F. gaudi-

chaudit, F. serrataetF. ternatensis).

86-014 ASAKAWA A., TOYOTA M., MATSUDA R., TAKIKAWA K. and TAKEMOTO T. - Distribu-

tion of novel cyclic bisbenzyls in Marchantia and Riceardia species. Phytoche-

mistry 1983, 22(6): 1413-1415, 1 tabl. (Ibidem).

Mise еп évidence de 3 nouveaux bisbenzyles cyeliques avec 2 liaisons éther (mar-

chantines А, B, C) chez Marchantia polymorpha, M. paleacea Var. diptera et М. to-

sana; de 2 nouv. bisbenzyles cycliques avec une liaison éther et une liaison bi~

Phenyl chez Riccardia multifida (riccardines A еб B). La présence de bisbenzyles

cycliques n'est pas confirmée chez Dunortiera hirsuta et Pretesia quadrata. Au

point de vue des flavonoTdes, ces deux esp. ne sont pas trés proches des Marchan-

tia, tandis que certaines autres Marchantiales se rapprochent des Metzgériales.

86-015 CHOPRA R.N. and BHATLA S.C. - Regulation of gametangial formation in Bryo-

phytes. Bot. Rev. 1983, 49(1): 29-63, 2 tabl. (Dept. Bot., Univ. Delhi, Delhi

1100007 India).

Revision bibliographique des études abordant les facteurs physiques (photopério-

de, intensité lumineuse, température) et chimiques (carbohydrates, sources N,

hormones de croissance, agents chélateurs et ions métal., AMP, pH) influencant la

formation des gamétanges des bryophytes. Les problémes liés au changement métabo-

lique accompagnant cette formation et à la fécondation sont aussi envisagés.

Bibliogr. de 4 p.

86-016 ROSE S., RUBERY P.H. and BOPP M. - The mechanism of auxin uptake and accu-

mulation in moss protonema. Physiol. PL. (Copenhagen) 1983, veru 52-56, 6

fig. (Bot. Inst. Univ. Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 30, D-6900 Heidelberg).

L'accumulation d'auxine dans le protonéma de Funaria hygrometrica dépend du pH

(max. pH=4). Elle est inhibée par l'acide 2,3,5 trifodobenzoTque. Rôle de Та 1u-

miére dans le transport de l'AIA.

86-017 ROSE S. and BOPP M. - Uptake and polar transport of indolacetic acid in

moss rhizoids. Physiol. PL. (Copenhagen) 1983, 58(1): 57-61, 1 tabl., 5 fig.

(Ibidem).

Transport polarisé, du sommet vers la base, de l'auxine dans les rhizoYdes du

protonéma de Funaria hygrometrica. Cette polarité peut s'expliquer par les modes

différents d'accumulation de 1'auxine dans le sommet et la base des rhizoTdes

(confirmation de l'hypothèse chimioosmotique g tranport polarisé de l'auxine).

l'accumulation est la méme dans tout le rhizoTde, mais supérieure dans la base

par rapport au sommet.

86-018 THOMAS R.J. and SILCOX K.R. - Proton efflux and cell lysis induced by fu-

sioccin in haploid protoplasts of Zumularia cruciata. Pl. Sci. Letters 1983, 29

Source : MNHN, Paris

BIBLIOGRAPHIE BRYOLOGIQUE 81

(2/3): 169-173, 2 fig. (Dept. Biol., Bates College, Lewiston ME 04240 USA).

Des études avec des traceurs radioactifs montrent qu'il n'y a aucune relation

entre l'absorption d'agent plasmolytique et les protoplastes stimulés par la fu-

sioccine. La lyse peut résulter de la conversion de réserves d'amidon en solutés

cellulaires osmiotiquement plus actifs.

86-019 WINNER W.E. and BEHLEY J.D. - Photosynthesis and respiration of feather

mosses fumigated at different hydration-levels with 502. Canad. J. Bot. 1983,

61(5): 1456-1461, 8 fig. (Lab. Air Pollut. Impact to Agric. & Forestry, Virgi-

nia Polytechnic Inst, State Univ., Blacksburg VA 24601 USA).

Les effets immédiats du 50; sur la photosynthése sont semblables chez les mous-

ses hydratées ou déshydratées. Mais aprés une période de rétablissement de 24h

dans un environnement sans 502, la photosynthése demeure affectée seulement chez

les mousses préalablement hydratées. Matériel: Pleurozium schreberi, Hylocomium

splendens, Ptilium crieta-caetrensis.

TECHNIQUES

86-020 NORDHORN-RICHTER G. - Primary fluorescence of mosses. Leitz- Mitt. Wiss.

und Techn. 1984, 8: 167-170, 17 photos coul. (FB6 Bot., Univ. Duisburg, Lo-

tharstr. 65, D-4100 Duisburg 1).

Les sporophytes et gamétophytes des hépatiques et des mousses montrent une fluo-

rescence primaire intense sous UV et lumière bleue.

REPARTITION, ECOLOGIE, SOCIOLOGIE

86-021 BALATOVA-TULACKOVA E. - Feuchtwiesen des Landschaftsschutzgebietes Jizers-

ke hory. I. Folia Geobot. Phytotar. 1983, 19(2): 113-136, 10 tabl. (Bot. Inst.,

Tschechoslowak. Akad. Wissensch., 662 61 Brno, Stará 18, Tschechoslowakei).

Ecologie des communautés de plantes de prairies humides: Molinistalía, Calthion,

Calthenton. Descr. des ass.: Crepido-Jwicetum acutiflori, Junco filiformi-Polygo-

netum, Seirpetum silvatici, Polygono-Trollietum altissimi. Bryophytes associés.

86-022 BRANDES D. - Flora und Vegetation der Bahnhöfe Mitteleuropas. Phytocoeno-

logía 1983, 11(1): 31-115, 9 fig., 35 tabl. (Universitátbibliothek Techn. Univ.,

Pockelsstr. 13, 0-3300 Braunschweig).

Flore et végétation de 53 stations de chemin de fer en Europe centrale. 300 re-

levés phytosociologiques. Le nombre des esp. et des communautés dépend de la di-

mension des aires inutilisées. Probléme de la conservation des plantes rudérales.

Bryophytes associés.

86-028 DELGADILLO C. y CARDENAS A. - Musgos de la Peninsula de Yucatan, Mexico II.

Bol. Soc. Bot. Mexico 1982, 43: 35-37 (Dept. Bot., Inst. Biol., UNAM, Ap. Postal

70-233, 94510 Mexico, D.F.).

Liste de 15 esp. avec loc. dont 5 sont nouv. pour la péninsule de Yucatan. Pilo-

eium chlorophyllum (Hornsch.) C. Müll. est пошу. pour le Mexique.

86-024 DE ZUTTERE Ph., WERNER J. et SCHUMACKER R. - La Bryoflore du Grand-Duché

de Luxembourg: taxons nouveaux, rares ou méconnus. Travaux Sei. Mus. Mist, Nat.

Luzembourg 1985, 5: 1-153, 41 cartes (Univ. Liège, Station Sci. Hautes-Fagnes,

Mont-Rigi, 8-4898 Robertville).

Observations bryologiques (habitat, élément phytogéogr., répartition dans le

Grand-Duché de Luxembourg par districts) sur 381 taxons nouveaux, rares ou méconnus

depuis la publication du prodrome de KOLTZ (1880, 1882). Liste des 453 bryophytes

connus avec certitude du Grand-Duché dont 37 hépatiques et 72 mousses sont nouv.

pour cette région. Bibliogr. de 6 p. 11 est dommage qu'un tel ouvrage de référence

Source : MNHN, Paris

82 BIBLIOGRAPHIE BRYOLOGIQUE

n'ait pas bénéficié d'une meilleure typographie.

86-025 DIA M.G. e MICELI G. - Apunti sulla distribuzione ed ecologia di Ulota

crispa (Hedw.) Brid. in Italia. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 1984, 118, suppl. 2: 71-72

(Ist. ed Orto Bot., Univ. Palermo, Palermo, Italia).

86-026 IWATSUKI Z., KIGUCHI H., YOKOYAMA M., WATANABE R. - Mosses of Hamadori area,

Fukushima-ken, Japan. Miyagi no Skokubuteu (Flora of Miyagi) 1981, 8-9: 1-12, 1

fig., en japonais.

86-027 PAUTOU G. et BAIER P. - Le passage d'un espace aquatique à un espace semi-

aquatique avec formation d'une tourbière à Sphaignes: exemple de l'étang et des

marais du Grand-Lemps (Isère). Bull. Mene. Soc. Linn. Lyon 1983, 52(6): 174-191,

2 fig; 1 tabl. (Lab. Bot, & Biol, Veget., Univ. Sci. & Méd. Grenoble, BP 68,

F-38402 St-Martin-d'Héres).

Les AA étudient l'atterrissement d'un étang, caractérisé par l'installation de

Sphaignes dans un groupement de Cypéracées, et l'évolution de Та composition flo-

ristique des phanérogames et algues vertes unicellulaires lors de la fermeture du

plan d'eau et de la croissance verticale des dépóts organiques. Il y a une tendan-

ce locale au boisenent (Bouleau blanc, Pin Sylvestre). Sphaignes et mousses en

association.

86-028 РИРРО S. - Epiphytic bryophytes as climatic indicators in Eastern Fennos-

сапа. Acta Bot. Fenn. 1983, 119: 1-39, 30 tabl., 28 fig. (Dept. Bot., Univ.

Helsinki, Unioninkatu 44, SF-00170 Helsinki 17).

Modes de distr. et substrat de 19 bryophytes épiphytes en Fennoscandie E (d'ae

prés les herbiers et les récoltes de l'auteur). Ecologie des épiphytes occasionnel-

les. Róles des facteurs climatiques, de l'exposition, de la distr. de 1'hóte, de

l'activité humaine. Relation entre cette distribution et les zones climatiques et

de végétation.

86-029 RAMSAY H.P. - Census of New South Wales mosses. Telopea 1984, 2(5): 455-

533 (School Bot., Univ. New South Wales, Kensington, N.S.W., Australia 2033).

Liste des 527 mousses, d'aprés la littérature et les informations d'herbiers

australiens. Distr. en 13 régions écogéographiques en Nouvelles Galles du Sud.

Liste des synonymes, des échantillons insuffisants, des nomina nuda. Bibliogr. de

17 p. et demi et liste des documents manuscrits de WATTS М.М. , déposés à la biblio-

thêque du National Herbarium de NuW.S., Sydney.

86-030 RAMSAY Н.Р. - Phytogeography of the mosses of New South Wales. Telopea

1984, 2(5): 535-547, 3 fig., 2 tabl. (Ibidem).

Comparaison de la flore bryologique des Nouvelles Galles du Sud avec celle des

autres régions d'Australie, celles de l'hémisphère Sud et de Nouvelle-Zélande.

Endémiques .

86-031 RAMSAY Н.Р. - The mosses of Lord Howe Island. Telopea 1984, 2(5): 549-558,

1 tabl., 1 fig. (Ibidem).

D'après la littérature et les herbiers, liste de 105 esp. de mousses avec loc.

et observations de l'île Lord Howe. 21 esp. endémiques. Relations phytogéographi-

ques.

86-082 RAMSAY H.P. and STREIMANN H. - Mosses and their distribution in the Austra-

Tian Capital Territory. Telopea 1984, 2(5): 559-574, 1 fig. (Ibidem).

Descr. géogr. de cette région des Nouvelles Galles du Sud. 180 esp. sont réper-

toriées. Comparaison avec le N.S.W. et l'Australie. Affinités de cette flore

avec celles del'Australie du Sud tempérée.

Source : MNHN, Paris

BIBLIOGRAPHIE BRYOLOGIQUE 83

86-033 SCHUMACKER R. - Atlas de distribution des bryophytes de Belgique, du Grand-

Duché de Luxembourg et des régions limitrophes. 1. Anthocerotae et Hepaticae

(1830-1984). Meise: Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, 1985. 42 p. et 169

cartes (Univ. Liège; Station Sci. Hautes-Fagnes, Mont-Rigi, B-4898 Robertville).

Cartes de distribution des 169 hépatiques recensées en Belgique, au Grand-Duché

de Luxembourg et dans les régions limitrophes de France, de République fédérale

allemande et des Pays-Bas, selon le système de cartographie en réseau de l'Insti-

tut floristique belgo-luxembourgeoís (maille 4x4 km). Chaque carte est accompagnée

d'un commentaire précisant l'écologie, l'appartenance phytogéoar., Та répartition

dans les différents districts de la dition et le statut du taxon. L'introduction

met en évidence la richesse floristique de la dition et esquisse les caractéristi-

ques phytogéographiques générales de la flore des hépatiques. Plus de 70 bryolo-

gues ont aidé à la rédaction de cette cartographie, point de repére important dans

l'histoire des bryophytes de cette région.

86-034 SOWSAK L. - Spruce forest and fire-spruce communities of the Western part

of the Slovenské Beskydy and Oravská magura mountains. Folia Geobot. Phytotaz.

1983, 19(2): 137-160, 2 tabl. (Dept. Geobot., Comenius Univ., Fac. Nat. Sci.,

88 604 Bratislava, Moskovská 2, Czechoslovakia).

Descr. de 6 ass. des foréts d'épinette du Canada et de la forét climacique à

bouleaux. Bryophytes associés.

86-035 STUDLAR S.M. - Recovery of trampled bryophyte communities near Mountain

Lake, Virginia. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 1983, 110(1): 1-11, 6 fig. (Division Sci.

& Math. , Centre College of Kentucky, Danville, Kentucky 40422 USA).

Influence du piétinement humain, dans la région de Mountain Lake, sur le recou-

vrement de 6 esp. : Polytrichum comme, Ditrichum pallidum, Thuidium delicatulum,

Hypnum imponens, Sphagnum palustre et 8. henryense. Ce recouvrement est variable

d'une esp. à l'autre, et dépend de la taille initiale de la colonie, de la microto-

pographie, de la littiére, et de la compétition avec les autres esp. de bryophytes

et de plantes vasculaires.

86-036 TEWARI S.D. and PANT G. - Riccia curtisii (Aust.) James from Kumaon Hima- |

layas. Curr. Sei. 1983, 52(4): 164-165, 2 fig. (Dept. Bot., DSB College, Kumaon

Univ., Naini-Tal 263002 India).

86-037 VÁÑA J. - A contribution to the study of the Hepatics (Hepaticae) of the

Teberdinsky Zapovednik (Caucasus, USSR). Nov. Bot. Univ. Carol. (Praha) 1982,

1: 15-21 (Kat. Bot. NiZSich rosl., PFF UK, Benátská 2, Praha 2, Czechoslovakia).

Liste d'hépatiques du Teberdinsky Zapovednik avec loc.

86-038 VAN REENEN G.B.A. and GRADSTEIN S.R. - Studies on Colombian cryptogams XX.

A transect analysis of the bryophyte vegetation along an altitudinal gradient

on the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. Acta Bot. Neerl, 1983, 32(3):

163-175, 5 fig., 1 tabl. (Inst. Syst. Bot., Heidelberglaan 2, Postbus 80.102,

3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands).

La végétation bryophytique, sur la pente N de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta,

500-4100 m, est divisée en 5 zones. Elles sont définies par l'index de similitude

de Sørensen, un dendrogramme simplifié, des diagrammes de zonation. Rôle des

pluies et de la température de l'air.

86-039 WU P.C., LOU J.S. - The caracteristics and possible origin of the bryoflora

of the Southern flank of the East Himalayas. Acta Phytotax, Sinica 1982, 20:

392-401, 4 tabl., 6 fig., en chinois, rés. anglais (Inst. Bot., Acad. Sinica,

141 Hsi Chih Men Wai Ta Chie, Beijing, People's Rep. China).

La région couvrant les comtés de Medog, Zayii, Yadong du SE et S de l'Himalaya

est considérée comme le centre de distribution des bryophytes , sous l'influence

du soulévement de l'Himalaya.

Source : MNHN, Paris

84 BIBLIOGRAPHIE BRYOLOGIQUE

VOIR AUSSI: 86-001, 86-004, 86-005, 86-007, 86-008, 86-009, 86-071, 88-074,

86-081.

POLLUTION

86-040 NORDHORN-RICHTER G. and DÜLL R. - Monitoring air pollution by mapping the

bryophyte flora. In: L. STEUBING and H.J. JAEGER, Monitoring of air pollutants

by plants. Methods and problems. The Hague, 1982. Pp. 29-32, 2 tabl., 2 fig.

(FB6 Bot., Univ. Duisburg, Lotharstr. 65, D-4100 Duisburg 1).

VOIR AUSSI: 86-019.

DOCUMENTATION, HISTOIRE DES SCIENCES

86-041 BOISSIER Edmond - Botaniste genevois 1810-1885 - 1985. Genéve: Conservatoi-

re et Jardin Botaniques, 1985. 49 p., ill. n.b. et coul.

Ce fascicule, publié à l'occasion du centenaire de la mort d'Edmond Boissier,

relate sa vie, ses collections, son activité scientifique comme systématicien,

floriste et phytogéographe, et l'importance de 1'"Herbier Boissier" pour les Con-

servatoire et Jardin Botaniques de Genéve.

86-042 COFFEY J.C. - Soviet journals important for taxonomic botany: a translation

of Zaikonnikowa's list, with emendations. Huntia 1984, 5(2): 85-106 (St, Mary's

College, 900 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh NC 27603 USA).

Liste de 104 titres de périodiques en russe (avec leur translittération selon la

nomme 150-2 de 1968), leur traduction et la 1° année de parution. Index des titres

en caractères romains, et changements par rapport au Botanico-Periodicum-Huntianum.

86-043 GUÉDES M. - Notules de Bibliographie botanique XVI-XXI. Archives Nat. Hist.

1983, 11(2): 195-206, 2 fig. (11 rue Edgar Quinet, F-37000 Tours).

XVI - Les trois émissions du "Discours sur la structure des fleurs" de S. Vail-

lant.- XVII - Réimpression des "Institutiones Rei Herbariae" de J.P. de Tournefort

(vers 1750).- XVIII - Le format et le papier à Zierrandwasserzeichen de la "Deut-.

schlands Flora" de G.F. Hoffmann (1791).- XIX - Le quatriéme fascicule des "Musci

Thuringici" de J.C. Zenker et F.D. Dietrich (1825): description de ce 4^ fascicule

inconnu de MARGADANT (1961) et SAYRE (1971); notes sur les trois autres.- XX - Re-

production de 1863 du premier livre des "Campi Elysii" de 0.J. Rudbeck et 0,0, Rud-

beck (1702).- XXI - Nouvelles remarques sur les tirages des "Plantes du Roi".

88-044 LAMALREE A. - Joseph-Charles Bequaert (1886-1982) comme botaniste, Bull.

Jard. Bot. Natl. Belgique 1983, 53(1-2): 3-16, 1 photo (Jard. Bot. Natl. Bel-

gique, Domaine de Bouchout, B-1860 Meise).

J.C. Bequaert, prof. émérite de Zoologie à l'Université d'Harvard fut aussi un

botaniste remarquable. Notes biographiques. Descr. de ses collections au Zaire.

Liste des publications botaniques. Ses coll. bryologiques ont été étudiées par

Naveau, Thériot et Dixon.

86-045 LEUSSINK J.A. - A short history and bibliographical analysis of the journal

Flora (Regensburg) vol. 1-71, 1818-1888. Part 1. The Editors. Part 2. The publi-

cation dates. Tason 1981, 30(2): 375-392; 1983. 32(3): 349-379 (Inst. Syst. Bot.,

Heidelberglaan 2, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands).

Róle de FLORA, périodique allemand, dans le développement de la systématique bo-

tanique au 19° siècle, Courtes biographies des éditeurs successifs: О.Н, Hoppe

(1760-1846), F.G. Eschweiler (1796-1831), А.Е, Fürnrohr (1504-1861), б.н. Her-

rich-Schäffer (1799-1874), J. Singer (1834-1901). Relations avec la Regensburgische

Botanische Gesellschaft. Aprés l'étude de la périodicité de ce journal, il est

conclu que les dates de la page de titre pouvaient être acceptées comme dates ef-

Source : MNHN, Paris

BIBLIOGRAPHIE BRYOLOGIQUE 85

fectives de publication. Discussion des dates de publication des appendices. Ana-

lyse bibliographique détaillée des vol. 26-71 (1843-1888).

86-046 STIEBER M.T. and KARG A.L. - Guide to the Botanical Records and Papers in

the Archives of the Hunt Institute. Part 2. Auntia 1984, 5(3): 129-210.

Liste par botanistes (Ca à Fu) avec notes biographiques et indications sur les

manuscrits présents à la Hunt Library. Index.

86-047 VITT D.H., GRADSTEIN S.R., IMATSUKI Z. - Compendium of Bryology. A World

Listing of Herbaria, Collectors, Bryologists and Current Research. Bryophyt.

Biblioth. 1985, 30: i-vii, 1-355 (Dept. Bot., Univ. Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta

T6G 2E9 Canada).

Liste des herbiers bryologiques (listes par villes, par acronymes et villes,

sans acronymes, personnels, herbiers par pays, ville et acronyme), des collecteurs

(nom, dates, herbiers oü sont déposés leurs collections). Recherche en bryologie

(liste des chercheurs avec adresse et domaine de travail, liste des chercheurs

par pays avec domaine de recherche, liste par domaine de recherche avec chercheurs

et projets, cultures permanentes). Peut-étre manque-t-il à cet ouvrage, répertoire

trés utile, un titre courant en haut-de-page pour mieux se repérer entre les cha-

pitres.

VOIR AUSSI: 86-004, 86-028.

INFORMATIONS

ASSOCIATION FRANCAISE DE LICHENOLOGIE - J.C. BOISSIERE dirigera une excursion li-

chénologique d'initiation le 13 avril 1986, à Vulaine-sur-Seine (Seine-et-Marne).

Théme: les lichens coniophiles, corticoles des arbres isolés, corticoles fores-

tiers et accessoirement calcicoles. Renseignements: J.C.B., Laboratoire de Biolo-

gie Vágétale, route de la Tour Denécourt, F-77300 Fontainebleau).

OUVRAGES RECUS RECEMMENT

CLAUZADE G. К ROUX C. - Likenoj de okcidenta Ейғоро. Ilustrita determinlibro

(en coll. avec J.M. HOUMEAU, dessins de P. RAIMBAULT, C. GABOURIAULT, R. RIEUX et

C. ROUX). Royan: Société botanique du Centre-Ouest, 30.12.1985. 893 p., ill. (ISBN

0154 9898, prix: 420 F, S.B.C.0.: les Andryales, St-André, F-17550 Dolus).

SCHUMACKER R. - Atlas de distribution des bryophytes de Belgique, du Grand-

Duché de Luxembourg et des régions limitrophes. 1. Anthocerotae et Hepaticae

(1830-1984). Meise: Jadin Botanique National de Belgique, 1985. 42 p. et 169 car-

tes.

Source : MNHN. Paris

86 Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol., 7(1): 86-92.

BIBLIOGRAPHIE LICHENOLOGIQUE

ТАПТЫ

SYSTEMATIQUE, NOMENCLATURE

86-048 COPPINS B.J. - A new corticolous sorediate Rinodina from Swedish Lapland.

а 1983, 15(2): 147-150, 1 fig. (Roy. Bot. Gard., Edinburgh EH3 SLR,

Diagn., descr., ill. de Rénodina degeléana sp. nov., corticole, sorédiée, de

Suède.

86-049 GALLOWAY D.J., JAMES P.M. and WILKINS A.L. - Further nomenclatural and che-

mical notes on Peeudocyphellaria in New Zealand. Lichenologist 1983, 15(2): 135-

las, 2 as (Dept. Bot., Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Cromwell Road, London SW7

BD, U.K.).

Notes nomenclaturales pour Peeudocyphellaria billardierit (Delise) Räsänen, P.

carpoloma (Delise) Vainio, P. faveolata (Delise) Malme, P. rufovirescena (Church.

Bab.) D. Galloway et P. subvartabilis (Nyl.) Vainio. Diagn., descr. de 9 esp.

nouv.: P. ardesiaca D. Gall., P. degelii D. Gall. et P. James, P. durietait D.

Gall., P. fimbriata D. Gall. et P. James, P. fimbriatoides D. Gall. et P. James,

P. gretae D. Gall., P. knightii D. Gall., P. maculata D. Gall. et P. sericeofulva

D. Gall. Chimie de toutes les esp. de Pscudocyphellaria décrites de Nlle-Zélande..

86-050 JORGENSEN P.M. and JAMES Р.М. - Studies on some Leptogiun species of West-

ern Europe. Lichenologist 1983, 15(2): 109-125, 2 tabl., 5 fig. (Bot. Inst.,

Univ. Bergen, Box 12, N-5014 Bergen).

Révision des 5 Leptogium du groupe azureum en Europe. Taxonom., descr., distr.

de chaque taxon. Diagn. de 2. britammicum sp. nov. Г. azureum (Ach.) Mont. est

absent d'Europe; les spécimens ainsi nommés sont des 2. cochleatim (Dicks.) с.п.

(=Lichen). Leptogiwn juressianum C. Тау. du groupe Zichenoides est nouv. pour les

Îles Britanniques

86-051 JORGENSEN P.M. and GALLOWAY D.J. - Bryoria (lichenised Ascomycetina) in New

Zealand. New Zealand J. Bot. 1983, 21(3): 335-340, 4 fig. (Ibidem).

Descr., 111., distr. de Bryoria austromontana sp. nov. du groupe B. flavescene

(diagnose) et В. indonesica (Р.М. Jørg.) Brodo et D. Hawksw. nouv. pour la Nlle-

'élande

86-052 KROG H. and SWINSCOW T.D.V. - A new species and new combinations in Parmo-

trema (Parmeliceae). Lichenologist 1983, 15(2): 127-130, 2 fig. (Bot. Mus., U-

niv. Oslo, Trondheimsveien 23B, Oslo 5, Norway).

Diagn., descr., 111. de Parmotrema degelianum sp. nov. de Tanzanie. 17 Parmetia

sont transférés à Parmotrema. P. iyngeanum (Zahlbr.) Hale est syn. de P. cristatum

(МУТ.) Hale.

"Laboratoire de Cryptogamie, 12 rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris.

Source : MNHN, Paris

BIBLIOGRAPHIE LICHENOLOGIQUE 87

86-053 MOBERG В. - Studies on Physciaceae (Lichens) II. The genus Pywine in Europe.

Léchenologist 1983, 15(2): 161-167, 3 fig. (Inst. Syst. Bot., Univ. Uppsala,

Box 541, $-751 21 Uppsala).

Sur les 6 esp. décrites d'Europe, seuls Pyzine sorediata (Ach.) Mont. et P. sub-

cinerea Stirton sont acceptés. Clé, descr., taxon., distr. de ces deux taxons. Les

4 autres esp. sont exclues du genre. Noter Buellía comveza Th. Fr. syn. de В. pul-

verulenta.

86-054 TEHLER A. - The species pair concept in lichenology. Taxon 1982, 31(4):

708-714, 2 fig. (Dept. Bot., Univ. Stockholm, S-10691 Stockholm).

Définition des clones et des espèces. Origine des clones sorédiés et asexués. Au

lieu d'appeler les clones et les groupes de clones, microespéce et pseudoespéce, ou

esp. primaire et esp. secondaire, 11 vaut mieux les considérer taxonomiquement com-

comme des formes plutôt que comme des variétés ou des sous-espèces.

86-055 TEHLER A. - The genera Dirina and Roccellina (Roccellaceae). Opera Bot.

1983, 70: 1-86, 4 cartes, 56 fig. (Ibidem).

Position systématique et délimitation des genres Dirina et Roccellina,Morpholo-

gie et chimie des 2 genres. Descr. des paraphysoïdes de l'hyménium et de l'épi-

thécium. Phytogéogr. et phylogénie. Taxonomie, clé aux 7 esp. de Dirina et aux 23

esp. de Roceellina reconnues. Nouv. combinaisons: 1 Chiodecton et 1 Enterographa

sont transférés dans le genre Dirina; Lobodirina est inclus dans Roccellina, ain-

si que 7 esp. précédemment décrites comme Dirina, 1 Schiamatomm et 1 Dirinastrun.

Diagn., descr. des taxons nouv.: Dirina approrimata ssp. hioramii f.eorediata,

D. catalinartae f. sorediata, D. insulana f. sorediata, Roccellina badia, В. cere-

briformis f. sorediata, R. chalybea, В. conformis, В. exspectata, R. flavida, В.

inaequalis, R. nigricans, R. nigroeineta, Н. obscura, В. swbfructicosa, R. terres-

tris. Descr., 111., chimie de chaque taxon. Nombreux nouv. synonymes. Relation

cladistique des esp. des 2 genres et cladogramme de Rocceltina. Les esp. provien-

nent en majorité des climats méditerranéens, arides ou subtropicaux.

56-058 TIBELL L. - A new species of Chaenotheca from New Zealand. Lichenologist

1983, 15(2): 131-134, 2 fig. (Inst. Syst. Bot., Univ. Uppsala, Р:0. Box 451

5-75121 Uppsala).

Diagn., descr., ill. de Chaenotheca degelit sp. nov., lichénicole, de Nouvelle-

Zélande.

VOIR AUSSI: 86-057, 86-058, 86-059, 86-092, 86-096.

MORPHOLOGIE, ANATOMIE

86-057 GALLOWAY D.J. and BARTLETT J.K. ~ The lichen genus Thysanothecčum Mont. et

Berk n New Zealand. Nova Hedwigia "1982" 1983, 36(2-4): 381-398, 6 fig. (Bot.

Div., DSIR, Private Bag, Christchurch, New Zealand).

Morphologie, chimie, hab., distr., taxonomie des 2 esp. de Thyeanothecium: T.

hookeri Mont. et Berk. et T. scutellatun (Fr.) D. Gall. c.n. (=Cladonia) présentes

en Nouvelle-Zélande. T. easuarinarum Groenhart, T, с. var. nipponicum (Asah.)

Asah., T. hyalinum (Tayl,) Nyl., T. h. var. intortum F. Wils. et T. indicum Har-

mand sont syn. de T. scutellatum.

26-058 HALE М.Е. - Cortical structure in Physcta and Phaeopkyscia. Lichenologist

1983, 15(2): 157-160, 1 fig. (Dept. Bot., Smithsonian Inst., Washington DC

20560 USA).

Les esp. de Physcta décrites comme ayant un cortex inférieur paraplectenchyma-

teux ont en fait un cortex double, contenant une couche inférieure paraplecten-

chymateuse et une couche supérieure prosoplectenchymateuse, arrangée de facon pé-

riclinale. Ces esp. peuvent avoir une surface inférieure noire ou pále mais con-

Source : MNHN. Paris

88 BIBLIOGRAPHIE LICHENOLOGIQUE

tiennent toujours de 1'atranorine. Elles doivent rester dans le genre Physeia.

Phaeophyecia melanora (Hue) Hale comb. nov. (-Phyecia).

86-059 HAWKSWORTH D.L. - Polythelis, an overlooked genus of tropical Pyrenulaceae

with eu- and distoseptate ascospores. Lichenologist 1983, 15(2): 151-156, 2 fig.,

(CAB, Farnham Royal, Slough SL2 3BN, U.K.).

Descr., 111. de Polythelis Clem. et de son unique esp. lichénisée P. aealooula-

ris (Mill. Arg.) Clem. (-Mierotheiia).

86-060 JAHNS H.M. and FREY P. - Thallus growth and the development of fruit bodies

in Peltigera canina. Nova Hedwigia "1982" 1983, 36(2-4): 485-498, 11 fig., 3 i

tabl.

Chez Peltigera, un grand nombre de primordia apothéciaux sont formés mais peu

sont fertiles. Ontogénie de ces organes. Le développement des apothécies inhibe

la croissance du thalle.

VOIR AUSSI: 86-048, 86-050, 86-051, 88-052, 86-053, 86-055, 86-056, 86-092.

CYTOLOGIE, ULTRASTRUCTURE

86-061 BERGMAN B. and HUSS-DANELL K. - Ultrastructure of Stigonema in the cephalo-

dia of Stereocaulon paschale. Lichenologist 1983, 15(2): 181-190, 1 tabl., 3

fig. (Inst. Pl. Physiol., Univ. Uppsala, Box 540, S-751 21 Uppsala).

PHYSIOLOGIE, CHIMIE

88-062 CULBERSON C.F., CULBERSON W.L. and JOHNSON A. - Genetic and environmental

effects on growth and production of secondary compounds in Cladonia cristatella.

Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 1983, 11(2): 77-84, 3 fig., 2 tabl. (Dept. Bot., Duke Univ.,

Durham, North Carolina, USA).

4 lignées de clones de Cladonia cristatella, dérivées d'une spore, réassociées

а l'algue Trebouzia ertet,sont cultivées en phytotron et analysées chimiquement.

La croissance est affectée par le clonage; elle décroit à basse température et

sous de fortes intensités lumineuses. Les deux processus, biogénétiquement dis-

tincts et qui conduisent à des produits secondaires caractéristiques, sont affec-

tés différemment par les facteurs liés aux composantes génétiques (clones), au

stade de développement (áge) et à l'environnement (température et lumière). Les

4 clones réagissent différemment,

86-063 CZECZUGA B. - Studies of phycobiliproteins in algae. III. Phycobiliproteins

in the phycobionts of the Peltigera species. Nova Hedwigia "1982" 1983, 36(2-4):

687-693, 2 tabl. (Dept. General Biol., Medical Acad., 15-230 Bialystok, Poland).

5 esp. de Peltigera, sur les 8 étudiées, contiennent les C-phycoérythrine et C-

phycocyanine; deux autres, en plus de ces 2 produits, ont l'allophycocyanine-B.

Aucune phycobiliprotéine n'a été trouvée chez Peltigera eucophtobia.

86-064 HUNECK S., PREISS A., SCHMIDT J. and MORALES MENDEZ A. - 38-acetoxypan-lé,

22-diol, a triterpene from the lichen Pesudoparmelia testa. Phytochemistry

1983, 22(9): 2027-2030, 1 tabl., 1 schéma, 1 fig. (Inst. Pl. Biochem., Res.

Centre Molecul. Biol. & Med., Acad. Sci. GDR, GDR-401 Halle/Saale, Weinberg).

86-065 KERSHAW К.А. - The thermal operating environment of a lichen. Lichenologist

1983, BU 191-207, 10 fig. (Dept. Biol., McMaster Univ., 1280 Main Street

West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4Kl, Canada).

L'environnement thermique d'un lichen agit de façon physiotogique sur les li-

Source - MNHN. Paris

BIBLIOGRAPHIE LICHENOLOGIQUE 89

mites de tolérance thermique du thalle sec d'une part, sur la température optimum

de photosynthése d'autre part.

86-066 KERSHAW K.M., MacFARLANE J.D., WEBBER M.R. and FOVARGUE A. - Phenotypic

differences in the seasonal pattern of net photosynthesis in Cladonia stellaris.

Canad. J. Bot. 1983, 61(8): 2169-2180, 10 fig. (Ibidem).

Il y a peu de différences génotypiques entre les 2 morphotypes de Cladonia stel-

laris (ombre et soleil) mais 11 faut noter des différences dans la teneur en chlo-

rophylle. Les morphotypes ne sont que phénotypiques. Des différences significati-

ves dans la répartition des enzymes spécifiques entre les parties supérieure et

inférieure des podétions existent également.

86-067 LEGAZ M.E. and BROWN D.H. - Fattors affecting urease activity in the lichen

Evernta prunastri (L.) Ach. Ann. Bot. (London) 1983, 52(2): 261-264, 1 fig. (Cat.

Fisiol. Veg., Fac. Biol., Univ. Complutense Madrid 3, Spain).

L'activité uréase augmente en présence d'urée, s'accroit par un tampon phosphate

et décroft sous dessiccation. La baisse de l'activité uréase lors d'un traitement

prolongé à l'urée, attribuée in vivo à l'activation de l'enzyme par les substances

phénoliques lichéniques, est prévenue, mais non renversée par l'addition de dithio-

thréitol in vitro.

86-068 LOCHMÜLLER C.H., HILL W.B. Jr., PORTER R.M., HANGAC H.H., CULBERSON C.F.

and RYALL R.R. - Separation of lichen metabolites, pyridine derivatives, and

pyrimidine bases using microbore, reversed-phase LC. J. Chromatogr. Sci. 1983,

21:70-76, 6 fig., 3 tabl. (P.M. Gross Chem. Lab., Duke Univ., Durham, North Ca-

rolina 27706, USA).

Description de la technique. Isolement des dérivés de pyridine et des bases py-

rimidines. Illustrations des avantages de la méthode.

86-069 PATERSON D.R., PATERSON Е.М. and KENWORTHY J.B. - Physiological studies on

temperate lichen species. I. A mathematical model to predict assimilation in the

field, based on laboratory responses. New Phytol. 1983, 94(4): 605-618, 2 tabl.

(Dept. Bot., Univ. Aberdeen, St Machar Drive, Aberdeen АВ9 200, U.K.).

86-070 TAPPER R.C. - Uptake of methylamine by symbionts of the lichen, Cladonia

convoluta (algal symbiont: Trebouzia). Наш Phytol. 1983, 95(1): 61-67, 2 tabl.,

1 fig. (Dept. Bot., Univ. Durham, South Road, Durham DHÌ 3LE, U.K.).

L'absorption de méthylamine par le Trebouzia est 5 fois supérieure à celle par

le mycosymbionte. Mise en évidence d'un système de transport membranaire de la

méthylamine.

VOIR AUSSI: 86-049, 86-055, 86-057, 86-092.

REPARTITION, ECOLOGIE, SOCIOLOGIE

86-071 ALVARO MARTIN I. y HLADUN SIMON N.L. - Observaciones sobre la colonización

briológico-liquénica de la madera en decomposición en los bosques del Moixeró

(Cataluña). Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 1983, 14: 19-25, 1 fig. (Dept. Bot., Fac.

Biol., Univ. Barcelona, España).

Flore bryologique et lichénique colonisant les bois en décomposition.

86-072 ANDREEV М.Р. - LiSajniki ostrava Cetyrehstolbovogo (MedveZ'i ostrava, Vos-

totno-sibirskoe more) - Lichenes insulae Czetyrechstolbovyi dictae (mare sibiri-

Cum orientale). Nov. Sist. Wize. Rast., Inst. Bot. Komarova, Akad. Nauk SSSR

1983, 20: 133-139, 1 fig., en russe.

Liste de 89 lichens avec loc. de l'île Czetyrechstolbovyi.

Source : MNHN, Paris

90 BIBLIOGRAPHIE LICHENOLOGIQUE

86-073 ANDREEV М.Р. ~ 0 Li$ajnikah s severnoj zemli - De lichenibus e terra bore-

ali notula. Nov. Sist. №28. Rast.,Inst. Bot. Komarova, Akad. Nauk SSSR 1983,

20: 139-141, en russe.

Liste de 46 lichens avec loc.

86-074 BÉGUINOT J. - Présence d'un lichen Dendrcacocaulon umbaugense (Auersw.)

Degel. à l'état libre en Haute-Corrèze. Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest п.5., 1983,

14: 158-159 (Le Bois Joli, 77 rue du Dr Rebillar, F-71200 Le Creusot).

00 des 3 loc. en Haute-Corréze de се Dendriscocaulon,préférentiellement mus-

cicole.

86-075 BREDKINA L.I. - Novye dlja SSSR vidy lifajnihov iz central'nogo Tjan-Sanja-

= Lichenes montium Tian-Schan centralis pro URSS novi. Nov. Sist. №88. Rast.,

Inet. Bot. Komarova, Akad. Nauk SSSR 1983, 20: 141-143, en russe.

Descr., écol., loc. de Caloplaca bicolor Н. Magn., C. intrudene Н. Magn. et

Rinodina subnigra Н. Magn., nouv. pour l'URSS.

86-076 BYSTREK J., ANISIMOWICZ A. - Porosty rezerwatu leśnego Budzik м Puszczy

Knyszyfisko-Biatostockiej (Lichens de la réserve forestiére de Budzisk dans la

forét vierge de Knyszyn et de Bialystok). Ann. Univ. Martae Curie-Sktodouska,

Sect. C Biol. "1981" 1983, 36: 109-117, 3 tabl., en polonais, rés. russe et

francais (Inst. Biol. UMCS, Zakl. Syst. & Geogr. Rosl., 20-031 Lublin, Poland).

Notes écologiques et phytosociologiques pour 106 esp. observées dans la forét

de Budzisk.

86-077 BYSTREK J., MOTYKA-ZKLOBICKA M. - Porosty rezerwatu Brzeziczno (Lichens

de la réserve de Brzeziczno). Ann. Univ. Mariae Curie-Sktodoweka, Sect. C Biol.

"1981" 1983, 36: 119-123, 1 tabl., en polonais, rés. russe et français (Ibidem).

Remarques phytosociologiques sur la réserve de Brzeziczno; 121 lichens observés.

86-078 BYSTREK J., GÖRZYÄSKA K., SAWA К. - Gatunki rodzaju Usnea Wigg. emend.

Ach. w makroregione Lubelskim (Species of the genus vanea Wigg. emend. Ach. in

the Lublin macro-region). Ann. Univ. Mariae Curie-Sktodouska, Sect. C Biol.

"1981" 1983, 36: 135-145, en polonais, rés. russe et anglais (Ibidem).

Ecologie de 30 esp. d'lsnea dans la région de Lublin. Descr. d'U. wasmuthit Rüs.

f. negativa f. nov. U. perplectans Stirt. et U. carpatica Mot. sont nouv. pour

cette région,

86-079 CASARES M. y LLIMONA X. - Aportación al conocimiento de los líquenes calcf-

colas de la provincia de Granada. Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 1983, 14: 221-030,

3 fig. (Dept. Bot., Fac. Farmacia, Univ. Granada, España).

Lichens calcicoles de la province de Granada avec notes. Acarospora macrospora

et Lecanora prominens sont nouv. pour l'Espagne.

86-080 EGEA J.M. y LLIMONA X. - Caloplaca furaz Egea et Llimona, un nuevo Tíquen

parásito sobre Aspicilia silicfcolas, en la Sierra del Relumbar (Albacete, SE

de España). Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 1983, 14: 265-269, 2 fig. (Dept. Bot.,

Fac. Ci., Univ. Murcia, España).

86-081 GREMMEN N.J.M. - The vegetation of the Subantarctic islands Marion and

Prince Edwards. Geobotany 1982, 3: 1-149, 33 tabl., 63 fig.

Descr. géogr., géol., climatique, édaphique, phytogéogr. des iles Marion et

Prince Edwards. Descr. syntaxonomique de 41 communautés végétales, regroupées en

6 ensembles. Liste des pl. vasculaires, bryophytes et lichens.

86-082 HENDERSON A. and STEMART P.R. - The occurence of Ramalina farinacea (L.)

Source : MNHN, Paris

BIBLIOGRAPHIE LICHENOLOGIQUE 91

Ach. on Millstone Grit in Central Halifax. Naturalist (Leeds) 1983, 108 (966):

109-110 (Dept. Pl. Sci., Univ. Leeds, Leeds, U.K.).

86-083 LÓPEZ-FIGUEIRAS M. - Contribution to the lichen flora of Venezuela V. Phy-

tología 1983, 53(7): 454-459 (Depto. Farmacognosia & Medicamentos organicos,

Fac. Farm., Univ. Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela).

Liste des lichens avec loc. Dictyonema sericeum (Sw.) Berk. est nouv. pour les

Andes, Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf. est nouv. pour l'Amérique du Sud.

86-084 MAKAROVA I.I. - 0 Nekotoryh поууһ 1 interesnyh ligajnikaj s Cukostkogo po-

lyostrova - De lichenibus nonnullis paeninsulae Czukotka novis et curiosis. Nov.

Sist. Wiad. Rast., Inst, Bot. Komarova, Akad. Nauk SSSR 1983, 20:144-146, en

russe.

Notes écol. pour quelques lichens appartenant aux genres Polyblastia, Dermato-

ina.

carpon, Pseudocyphellaria, Unbilicaria, Rinodi

86-085 MAKAROVA 1.1. - Lifajniki jugo-vostoka Cukotskogo polyostrova (Buhta Penki-

gnej) - Lichenes in parte austro-orientalis paeninsulae Czukotka (sinus Penki-

gnej) inventi. Nov. Sist. Nizé. Rast., Inst. Bot. Komarova, Akad. Nauk SSSR

1983, 20: 146-150, 1 tabl., en russe.

Liste de 320 lichens de la péninsule Czukotka d'aprés la littérature.

86-086 NIMIS P.L. and DE FAVERI В. - Numerical classification of Xaxthorion-commu-

nities in North Eastern Italy. Gorttana (Atti Mus. Riulano Sci. Nat.) "1980"

1981, 2: 91-109, 5 fig., 1 tabl. (Ist. ed Orto Bot., Univ. Studi, Sal Monte Va-

lerio 14, 1-34127 Trieste).

La classification numérique appliquée à 250 relevés de la végétation épiphyte

du Xanthorion papietinae en Italie du NE permet de distinguer 9 types de communau-

tés. Distr., écol. de chacun: Physetetim ascendens Frey et Ochsner, P. a. zantho-

riosum eubstellaris Steiner, P. а. а. e. avec faciès 8 Leptogium hildebrandit, P.

а. hypogummietosum physodee subass. NOV., P. а. physciosun bizianae Nov. Var. ,

Piyeoto-Leptogietum hildebrandii ass: nov., Physcietum elacinae candelariosum con-

coloris var. nov., P. e. c. е. avec faciès A Phyacoa clementis, Pamelietun aceta-

bulae Var. glabrosun Barkm.

86-087 NOVRUSOV V.S. - Taksony 1iSajnikov, novye dlja Azerbajdžana - Lichenes pro

Azerbaidzhania novi. Nov. Sist. №26. Rast., Inet. Bot. Komarova, Akad. Nauk

SSSR 1983, 20: 151-154, en russe.

Liste de 38 lichens avec loc., nouv. pour l'Azerbaidjan.

86-088 PISUT I. - Nachträge zur Kenntnis der Flechten der Slowakei 10. Zborn.

Slov. Nar. . Priv. Ved. 1983, 29: 67-77 (Csc., Slovenské Národné múzeum, Va-

janskeho nabr. 2, 814 36 Bratislava).

Liste alphabétique des lichens de Slovaquie avec loc. et notes.

86-089 PRIN R. - Lichens de l'Aube. Sainte-Savine: R. Prin, 1983. 35 p. (12 rue

Blanche Pierre, F-10300 Sainte-Savine).

Catalogue de 217 esp. et 45 variétés de lichens de l'Aube. Mise au point systé-

matique et nomenclaturale depuis les anciens catalogues (notamment ceux de Р.А.

BRIARD (1880-1881)).Noter la disparition d'un certain nombre de lichens dans la

région du fait de l'agrandissement des agglomérations.

86-090 PUEYO 6. - Aspects de quelques localités lichéniques en forßt de Fontaine-

bleau. Bull. Centre Etudes Rech. Sci. Biarritz "1982" 1983, 14(2): 239-243

(Lab. Muséum, CERS, Plateau de l'Atalaye, F-64200 Biarritz).

Source : MNHN, Paris

92 BIBLIOGRAPHIE LICHENOLOGI QUE

86-091 SEAWARD M.R.D. - Lichens of Malaga Province, S. Spain. Nova Hed»igia 1983,

VES 325-345, 1 fig. (School Environm., Univ. Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP,

.К.).

Liste des sites explorés de 1977 à 1982 en Espagne S. Liste de 215 taxons liché-

niques et 3 parasymbiontes avec loc. et notes taxonomiques .

86-092 TIMDAL E. - The genus Squamarina in Scandinavia. Lichenologist 1983, 15(2):

169-179, 4 fig., 2 tabl. (Bot.iMus., Univ. Oslo, Trondheimsveien 238, N-Oslo 5).

Distr. des 6 Squamarina de Scandinavie. S. magmussonii Frey et Poelt est nouv.

pour Та Scandinavie, S. gypaacea (Sm.) Poelt et S. pachylepida (Hellbom) Poelt

pour la Norvége. Notes, taxonom., chimie, écol. de chaque taxon.

86-083 TITOV A.N. - Redkie bidy ропа қорта ud lišajníkov severo-zapuda SSSR -

Species rarae lichenum calicialium in parte boreali-occidentali URSS inventae.

Nov. Sist. №28. Rast., Inst. Bot. Komarova, Akad. Nauk SSSR 1983, 20: 154-

160, 6 fig., en russe.

Descr, et distr. de 8 Caliciaceae d'URSS NW.

VOIR AUSSI: 86-048, 86-049, 86-050, 86-051, 86-052, 86-053, 86-055, 86-056,

86-057.

VARTA

86-094 LAWREY J.D. - Lichen herbivore preference: a test of two hypotheses. Amer.

4. Bot. 1983, 70(8): 1188-1194, 1 fig., 5 tabl. (Dept. Biol., George Mason Univ.,

Fairfax, Virginia 22030 USA).

2 hypotheses: préférence ou facilité de la part des herbivores. Correlation avec

le contenu chimique des lichens dont certaines substances pourraient servir à pro-

duire des composés de défense.

DOCUMENTATION, HISTOIRE DES SCIENCES

86-095 ARVIDSSON L., JORGENSEN P.M. - Gunnar Degelius, a birthday tribute. Liche-

nologiet 1983, 15(2): 105-107, 1 photo.

86-096 BRODO I.M. - Guide to the litterature for the identification of North Ame-

rican Lichens. SyZlogeus 1985, 56: 1-39 (Natl. Mus. Canada, Ottawa, Ontario KIA

0М8, Canada).

Ce guide est divisé selon les thémes: ouvrages généraux; régions géogr. et grou-

pes de lichens, genres et esp. crustacés, fruticuleux, foliacés; monographies de

genres, avec pour chacun, renvoi à la bibliographie de 360 titres. Ce travail est

trés utile pour aider à l'identification des lichens d'Amérique du Nord et plus

spécialement ceux du Canada.

ЕТІ Dy

\PaRis/

NA Source: MNHN. Paris

INSTRUCTIONS AUX AUTEURS

Les manuscrits proposés à CRYPTOGAMIE, Bryologie-Lichénologie doivent

étre fournis en double exemplaire, dactylographiés à double interligne, sans

rature ni surcharge, et comporter des marges droites et gauches de 25 mm, et

hautes et basses de 50 mm. Les auteurs sont priés de fournir des textes d'excel-

lente qualité d'encrage. Chaque manuscrit devra comporter :

— le titre de l'article, dans la langue du manuscrit, et sa traduction en anglais;

— le titre courant (haut-de-page) de 50 signes au maximum;

— le nom et les prénoms des auteurs et leurs adresses;

— deux résumés, l'un dans la langue du manuscrit, l'autre en frangais ou en

ann d'environ 180 mots ou 15 lignes, faisant ressortir les résultats essen-

tiels exposés dans l'article;

— des légendes explicites des figures, planches et tableaux, sur feuilles séparées;

— une liste bibliographique par ordre alphabétique des auteurs et chronologique

par auteur sans tenir compte des auteurs secondaires. Les titres des périodi-

ques devront étre abrégés suivant le B-P-H (Botanico-Periodicum-Huntianum,

Pittsburgh : Hunt Botanical Library, 1968), les ouvrages cités selon F.A.

STAFLEU & R.S. COWAN, 1976- ... Taxonomic literature. Ed. 2. Utrecht/

Antwerpen : Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema (Regnum vegetabile 94, 98, 105,

1107

MONTAGNE C., 1838 — Centurie des plantes cellulaires exotiques nouvelles. Ann. Sci.

Nat, Bot., sér. 2,9 : 38-57.

NEES VON ESENBECK C.G., 1836 — Hepaticae. In : LINDLEY J., A natural system of

Botany. .. Ed. 2. London. Pp. 412-414.

WATSON E.V., 1971 — The structure and life history of bryophytes. Ed. 3. London :

Hutchinson University Library. 211 p., 26 fig.

TEXTE. — La présentation du texte devra faire apparaítre clairement ses sub-

divisions et leur hiérarchie ainsi que le début des paragraphes. Les noms des

auteurs qui suivent les binómes latins devront étre abrégés selon G. SAYRE et

al. 1964 (The Bryologist 67 (2) : 113-135). Les renvois à la liste bibliographique

se feront par le nom de l'auteur et l'année de publication (ex. : (DUBOIS 1980)

ou DUBOIS (1980)) et non par des renvois numériques. La place des illustrations

devra être indiquée dans la marge. Les notes infrapaginales sont à éviter.

ILLUSTRATIONS. — Toutes les illustrations, y compris les tableaux, doivent

étre des originaux de qualité suffisante pour la reproduction directe en offset.

Elles devront comporter les échelles et symboles nécessaires à leur compréhen-

sion. En particulier, les tableaux devront étre dactylographiés par une machine

électrique ou composés en lettres de transfert. Les positifs des documents

photographiques devront étre montés par planches. Toutes les illustrations

doivent étre numérotées dans l'ordre d'appel dans le texte. Les auteurs devront

tenir compte du format de la revue (11 x 18 cm) et de la réduction que subissent

éventuellement les originaux en choisissant l'épaisseur des traits et la taille des

lettres et des chiffres.

Les tirages à part et les planches photographiques sont à la charge des auteurs.

Source : MNHN, Paris

Commission paritaire 15-9-1981 - № 58611

Dépôt légal n» 12705 - Imprimerie de Montligeon

Sorti des presses en janvier 1985

Imprimé en France

Directeur de la publication : S. Jouet-Ast

Source : MNHN, Paris

16 FEV, 1985

SOMMAIRE

P. MODENESI, L. LAJOLO, G. DONDERO — Acid carbohydrates in the

hypothallus of Catillaria bouteillei (Desm.) Zahlbr. A histochemical

ПАО payee ЛТ, SOS NO Е

A.E. RUSHING and D.M.J. MUELLER — Regeneration from the leaves of

Oedipodiella australis (Wag. et Dix.) Dix. ................... 8

В.О. VAN ZANTEN апа Ј.К. BARTLETT — Calliergon laxirete Zant. et

Bartlett, a new moss species from New Zealand, with some remarks

on C. sarmentosum (Wahlenb.) Kindb. ............

R.A. PURSELL — Additions and deletions to the genus Fissidens (Fissi-

dentaceae) in Mexico, including four new species ...............

B.H. ALLEN, M.R. CROSBY, R.E. MAGILL — Jaegerina retrosquarrosa

species nova (Pterobryaceae : Muci), with comments on the species of

Jaegerina from Mauritius . „=... i aea es rrr ыы. EN

R. OCHYRA, D.H. VITT and D.G. HORTON - An annotated guide to

Bryophyta Antarctica Exsiccata ..........................

D.O. OVSTEDAL — Lichens and lichen parasites from the British Swedish-

Norwegian Antarctic Expedition 1949-52 to Dronning Maud Land

ВМ. ROS y J. GUERRA — Crossidium aberrans Holz. et Ванг. WES)

novedad para la flora Europaea .................2..... E

ІМЕОКМАТЮК5.......................... EIE

BIBLIOGRAPHIE BRYOLOGIQUE ................ ses. .

BIBLIOGRAPHIE LICHÉNOLOGIQUE ............. no

Instructions aux Auteurs ........................... Meg nn

Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 1986, 7 (1) : 1-92.

uree- MNHN. Paris