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THE FLOWERING PLANTS OF

SOUTH AFRICA.

A MAGAZINE CONTAINING HAND-COLOURED FIGURES WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF THE

FLOWERING PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO SOUTH AFRICA.

EDITED BY

I. B. POLE EVANS, C.M.G., M.A., D.Sc., F.L.S.,

Cijirf, Division of Botang anti Plant Pat^ologg, Department of 'agriculture, Pretoria ;

anti Director of tfje Botanical Surticg of tfje Union of Soutfj afrira.

VOL. I.

The veld which lies so desolate and bare

Will blossom into cities white and fair,

And pinnacles will pierce the desert air,

And sparkle in the sun.

E. C. Macfies “Ex Unitate Vires.”

LONDON :

L. EEEVE & CO., Ltd.,

6, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.

SOUTH AFRICA:

THE SPECIALITY PRESS OF SOUTH AFRICA, Ltd.

P.O. BOX 3958, JOHANNESBURG; P.O. BOX 383, CAPETOWN.

1921

[All rights reserved.']

Digitized by the Internet Archive

in 2016

https://archive.org/details/floweringplantso01unse

*

TO

MRS. HENRY BURTON

OF

VOORSPOED, RETREAT, CAPE OF GOOD HOPE,

A GREAT ADMIRER OF HER COUNTRY’S PLANTS, TO WHOSE

ENTHUSIASM “ THE FLOWERING PLANTS OF SOUTH AFRICA ”

OWES ITS ORIGIN, THIS, THE FIRST VOLUME, IS GRATE-

FULLY DEDICATED IN RECOGNITION OF THE SERVICES

RENDERED BY HER TO SOUTH AFRICAN BOTANY AND

HORTICULTURE.

Division of Botany, Pretoria,

August, 1921.

INDEX TO VOLUME I.

PLATE

<

FLOWERING PLANTS OF SOUTH AFRICA

PREFACE

The cultivation of South African plants in Europe dates

back to early times.

Indeed, it may safely be assumed that it was in vogue

soon after the Dutch settlement at the Cape, for Holland

during the 16th and 17th centuries held first place in

European horticulture. Her cities even vied with one

another in the establishment of gardens of exotic plants,

many of which came from the Cape.

These treasures created such interest and attracted such

attention that Cape plants soon became the fashion and object

of envy throughout Europe. Collectors were specially

despatched to these shores for the purpose of hunting out and

securing then botanical wealth.

Evidence also is not lacking that the cultivation of indi-

genous plants was carried out at the Cape prior to 1700.

Be this as it may, little remains to-day in South Africa to

do credit to the past preservation and cultivation of our

native flora.

In recent years, however, considerable interest has again

sprung up in this direction ; in fact, it is rapidly becoming

fashionable to have a rockery of aloes, vijgies, and other

succulents as one of the chief adjuncts to the garden.

Apart from these — perhaps better-known plants — there are

many beautiful flowing herbs, shrubs and trees of the veld,

which might with advantage be grown in our gardens and

around our homes.

It is with the object of bringing these gems of nature to

the notice of the public that this publication is offered.

A work of this kind is of necessity a costly undertaking, and

its future existence and ultimate success will depend largely

on the support which it receives at the hands of the public.

The publication of the present volume has only been made

possible through the interest and keenness of a South African

lady, whose love for her country and its natural beauties has

been the means of procuring the necessary funds for the

initiation of the work.

B

It is proposed to issue this publication as an illustrated serial,

much on the same lines as the well-known Curtis’s Botanical

Magazine, and for imitating which no apology need be tendered.

Should the publication be the means of stimulating further

interest in the study and cultivation of our indigenous plants

amongst the rising generation, the desire and object of its

promoters will be achieved.

Living plants suitable for illustration, plants of economic

value, or plants of general interest, will always be gladly

received and welcomed by the Editor.

As regards the illustrations the Editor has been most

fortunate in being able to place the work of that skilful artist,

Miss K. A. Lansdell, before the public, while the descriptions

have been prepared by Dr. E. Percy Phillips, Botanist in

charge of the National Herbarium, to both of whom it is

a pleasure to express one’s special thanks for the trouble and

care which they have taken.

For the information of those of our readers who have not

been fortunate enough to visit our country or our inland

capital, it may be added that the illustration on our cover

represents a glimpse of the magnificent Union Buildings at

Pretoria, under whose shadow this work is being prepared, and

on whose site the plants here figured are grown.

It has been the Editor’s privilege and good fortune to see

a comparatively bare kopje converted in the course of a few

years into the site of a grand and stately building surrounded

with many of the country’s most beautiful and interesting

herbs and shrubs.

The illustration depicts such characteristic plants as

the arborescent Aloe Marlothii , Berg. ; the handsome Aloe

Wickensii, Pole Evans (in the centre) ; Aloe aculeata, Pole

Evans ; the neat Aloe Peglerae, Schonland ; Cotyledon orbicu-

lata, Linn. ; Encephalartos Altensteinii , Lehm ; and some

arborescent euphorbias.

Although most of the plants just mentioned are typical of

the vegetation of the Transvaal, an endeavour will be made in

our magazine to depict in each volume as far as possible an

equal number of floral representatives from all the Provinces.

As the authority for colour nomenclature, Colour Standards

and Colour Nomenclature, by R. Ridgway, Washington, 1912,

has been adopted.

I. B. POLE EVANS.

Pretoria, 1920.

K.A.La-nsdell del.

A GAP AN THUS UMBELLATUS, L'HERIT.

Plate 1.

AGAPANTHUS umbellatus.

Cape Province , Natal , Orange Free State, Basutoland, and

Transvaal.

Liliaceae. Tribe Allioideae.

Agapanthus, L' Her it; Benth. et Hoolc.f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 798.

Agapanthus umbellatus, L'Herit. Serf. Angl. 17 ; FI. Cap. vi. 402.

This well-known garden plant, commonly called the

“ Agapanthus ” or “ Blue Lily,” was introduced into culti-

vation in England from the Cape as far back as 1692, and was

figured by Commelin of Amsterdam in 1697.

In South Africa the plant is characteristic of the vegeta-

tion found on high mountain ranges. It usually occurs on

well- drained slopes.

It is a herbaceous plant with a tuberous rootstock from

which 6-10 broad strap-shaped leaves arise. The lower stalk

is about a metre high, and bears an umbel of 20-50 handsome

blue flowers.

Description : — Rootstock short, tuberous, with fleshy

cylindric roots. Leaves dark green, 6-10, basal, 20-60 cm.

long, 2-4 cm. broad, strap-shaped, obtuse, glabrous. Peduncle

025-1 metre high, terete, glabrous. Inflorescence a many-

flowered umbel. Spathe-valves 2 5 cm. long, 2 cm. broad at the

base, ovate, acuminate, withering in the mature inflorescence.

Floral-bracts 2-7 cm. long, linear. Pedicels about 6 cm. long,

terete, jointed at the apex. Flowers blue ; perianth-tube 1*7

cm. long, 6 mm. in diameter ; lobes 2-5 cm. long, 9 mm.

broad, oblanceolate, obtuse. Stamens inserted at the throat

of the perianth-tube ; filaments 2-5-3 cm. long, arcuate ;

anthers oblong. Fruit a triquetrous capsule.

E.P.S.A., 1920.

2.

1.

K.A.Lansdell del.

ALOE GLOBULI GEMMA, i.b. pole evans.

Plate 2.

ALOE GLOBULIGEMMA.

Transvaal.

Liliaceae. Tribe Aloineae.

Aloe, Linn. ; Benth. et Hoolc.f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 776.

Aloe globuligemma, Pole Evans in Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Africa, vol. v. pp. 30-32,

Pis. x., xi.

This remarkable Aloe was collected by Messrs. Wickens

and Pienaar in M'Phathlele’s Location in the Petersburg

District during January, 1914. Specimens brought to the

Botanical Laboratories, Pretoria, flowered during July and

August of the same year.

In M£Phathlele’s Location the plant occurs in vast

numbers in a very gregarious manner on the open sandy

plains. In fact, it is not uncommon to find long, continuous

belts of thickly crowded plants extending for two or three

hundred yards in length. The plant is typical of the Low

Yeld and the river valleys which run from the Zoutpansberg

into the Limpopo basin.

At first the racemes are furnished with widely separated

spherical to globular flower-buds which develop with con-

siderable slowness.

The unopened flowers are rich nopal red (R.C.S.), tinged

with green at the tips. When open, the flowers become a

sulphur-yellow (R.C.S.).

Our illustration was made from a plant in the Aloe col-

lection at the Botanical Laboratories, Pretoria.

Desckiption : — A succulent, stemless plant. Leaves 16-23

in a dense rosette, glaucous, erect-spreading, 45-50 cm. long,

8-9 cm. broad at the base, lanceolate-ensiform, acuminate,

acute and recurved at the apex, unspotted, somewhat

flat at the base and canaliculate above, with cartilaginous

wavy and toothed margins ; teeth pale brown and at right

angles to the margins, 1*5-2 mm. long, and about 8-9 mm.

apart, deltoid, recurved. Inflorescence a panicle, with 5-7

spreading horizontal to oblique branches with a few small

deltoid-acute empty bracts at the base. Peduncle 0-6-1 metre

high, stout, glaucous, naked. Racemes densely flowered,

22-40 cm. long. Flowers secund, all pointing towards the

centre of the inflorescence and at the same time slightly

deflexed ; young buds distinctly globular ; in open flowers

nopal-red (R.C.S.), green at the tips; mature flowers sulphur-

yellow (R.C.S.) and tinged with red towards the base.

Floral-bracts reflexed, 5-6 mm. long, ovate-cuspidate, scariose,

pellucid. Pedicels recurved, 3-4 mm. long. Perianth 25 mm.

long, cylindrical- ventricose ; outer segments free for 15-17

mm., obtuse and recurved at the apex, 3-5-veined ; inner

segments obtuse, recurved, tipped with auburn (R.C.S.) at the

apex, with 3 inner veins. Stamens exserted for 11 mm. ;

filaments slightly recurved, the exposed portion chestnut-

brown (R.C.S.) to black. Anthers mars-orange (R.C.S.). Style

pale sulphur-yellow (R.C.S.), stout, recurved. Capsule shortly

stipitate, 23 mm. long, 13 mm. in diameter, oblong-ovoid.

Plate 2. — Fig. 1, plant much reduced ; Fig. 2, lower part of spike ; Fig. 3,

apex of spike.

F.P.S.A., 1920.

3.

K-ALansdell del.

ARC T OTIS DE CUBRENS , JACQ.

Plate 3.

ARCTOTIS fosteri.*

Clanwilliam.

Compositae. Tribe Arctotideae.

Arctotis, Linn. ; Benth. et HooJc. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 458.

Arctotis Fosteri, N.E. Br.

Arctotus Fosteri ; Herbacea, 60-90 cm. alta. Folia inferiora lyrato-pinnati-

secta, 30-40 cm. longa, 7-9 cm. lata, longe petiolata, ambitu obovato-

oblonga, lobis lateralibus utrinque 3-4, oblongis subacutis dentatis, lobo

terminali latissime ovato obtuso grandidentato ; folia superiora sessilia,

lanceolata, acuta, subintegra ; omnia supra parce pubescentia, subtus

albo-lanata. Pedunculi 17-19 cm. longi, striati, pubescentes. Gapitula

7-9 cm. diametro. Involucri bracteae exteriores ovatae, subulato-caudatae,

virides ; interiores oblongo-obovatae, obtusae, apice membranaceae, rube-

scentes. Radii flores acuti, albi vel carnei, subtus purpurei, quisque basi

maculo nigro et aurantiaco instructi. Disci flores nigro-brunnei, antheribus

luteis. Pappi squamae lanceolatae, acutae vel subobtusae. Ovarium

villosum.— N. E. Brown,

Cape Province : Clanwilliam Division, near Clanwilliam, Foster.

This handsome species of Arctotis was raised in the Garden

of the Division of Botany, Pretoria, from seed received in

1916 from Mr. C. Foster, of Clanwilliam, after whom I have

much pleasure in naming it. The large size of the flower

* Note. — Having been asked by Dr. Pole Evans to see the proofs of the

first sheets of this new work through the press, he empowered me to make

any change of nomenclature that might be necessary. For owing to the

want of types and some of the rarer books at Pretoria, it is not always

possible to make correct identifications there. From this cause the plants

represented upon Plates 3 and 4 were misidentified, and the names “ Arctotis

decurrens ” and “ Gyrtanthus angustifolius ” already printed upon the plates

before they came into my hands for verification and found to represent new

species. I have therefore substituted new names for these two plants, and

have added Latin descriptions compiled from the drawings and Dr. Phillips’

English descriptions, which have not been altered.

It may not be out of place to state that the true Arctotis decurrens, Jacq.

(which this species was supposed to be), differs by the basal leaves having

usually only one small lobe or (grown under the condition of much moisture

in a rich soil) two lobes on each side, and an elongated ovate oblong terminal

lobe twice or more than twice as long as broad; the branching stem and

peduncles have small entire leaves scattered along them ; the ray florets are

without a yellow spot at the base, and the pappus-scales are truncate (not

pointed) at the tips. — N. E. Brown.

head and the delicate colouring of the rays make it worthy

of a place in all South African Gardens. At Pretoria it

flowers freely and has set mature seed.

Description : — A herbaceous perennial 60-90 cm. high.

Leaves many, lyrate ; lower leaves 30-40 cm. long, 7-9 cm.

broad, lanceolate in outline, obtuse, produced at the base into

a long petiole, sparsely pubescent on the upper surface, white-

woolly on the lower surface ; leaf-lobes about 4 cm. long,

l-5’2 cm. broad, oblong, obtuse, with toothed margins ; the

terminal lobe much larger, otherwise similar ; petiole up to

16 cm. long, flat on the upper surface, convex beneath,

sparsely glandular-pilose ; upper leaves sessile, lanceolate,

acute, sparsely pilose, with more or less entire margins.

Peduncles pale in colour at the base, gradually becoming

indian purple (R.C.S.) towards the apex, 17-19 cm. long,

terete, striate, pilose, the hairs becoming reddish and denser

towards the apex. Capitulum solitary, 7-9 cm. in diameter

when fully expanded. Involucral bracts many — seriate ; the

outer green, ovate, with a hairy subulate appendage ; the

inner reddish and membranous at the apex. Receptacle

slightly convex. Ray-florets female. Coi’olla limb white or

shrimp-pink (R.C.S.) above, with a golden-yellow and purple

spot near the base, and eugenia red to Vandyke red (R.C.S.)

beneath. Pappus of several membranous scales as long as

the corolla-tube. Ovary with a dense tuft of basal hairs.

Disc-florets hermaphrodite. Corolla-tube 4-5 mm. long, cam-

panulate above, cylindrical below ; lobes lanceolate with black

tips. Pappus of several membranous scales about half length

of the corolla-tube. Ovary villous, with a dense basal tuft of

hairs. Fruit villous, crowned with the persistent pappus

scales. — E. Percy Phillips.

Plate 3. — Eig. 1, portion of ray-floret ; Fig. 2, pappus-scale of ray-floret ;

Fig. 3, disc-floret ; Fig. 4, pappus-scale of disc-floret ; Fig. 5, apex of style

showing the stigmas ; Fig. 6, fruit ; Fig. 7, involucral-bracts (all enlarged).

F.P.S.A., 1920.

Plate 4.

CYKTANTHUS contractus.*

Transvaal.

Amaryllidaceae. Tribe Amarylleae.

Cyrtanthus, Ait. ; Benth. et HooJc.f. HooJc.f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 729.

Cyrtanthus contractus, -N.E. Br.

Cyrtanthus contractus ; Bulbus 4-6 cm. diametro, ovoideus, brunneus. Folia

2-3, adscendentia, 30-50 cm. longa, 8-12 mm. lata, linearia, longe et

acutissime acuminata, basi in petiolum teretem angustata, glabra. Pedun-

culus 18 cm. vel ultra longus, ad 1 cm. diametro, teres, fistularis, glaber,

purpurascens, ad apicem 4-10-florus. Bracteae 4-5-5 cm. longae, basi

8 mm. lati, lineari-attenuatae, membranaceae. Pedicelli adscendentes,

2-4 cm. longi, rubri. Perianthium nutante, coccineum ; tubus 5-6 cm.

longus, ad medium leviter ventricosum et circa 8 mm. diametro, basi

longe et valde contractus et circa 1-5-2 mm. diametro; lobi 1-3 to 1-5

cm. longi, 7 mm. lati, elliptico-ovati, acuti. Stamina perianthii lobis

breviora ; antherae luteae. Ovarium 1 cm. longum, ovoideum. Stylus

inclusus, stigmatibus recurvis. Semina complanata, atrata. — N. B. Brown.

Transvaal : on kopjes near Mooi Plaates farm, in the vicinity of Pretoria,

Miss J. Stuart.

The specimens from which our drawing was made were

collected by Miss J. Stuart of Pretoria, on the slopes of stony

kopjes near the farm “ Mooi Plaates,” about 5 miles out of

Pretoria. During the spring months the plant is very con-

spicuous on the kopjes when it flowers freely, usually after the

* As stated under Plate 3, this plant had been supposed to be a form of

C. angustifolius, and that name has unfortunately been printed upon the plate.

It proves to be an entirely new species, well characterised by the very slender

curved basal part of the flower-tube, and the long, tapering and very acute

tips of the leaves, which are narrowed at the base into terete petioles, and

also, to judge from the figure, are not produced at the same time as the

flowers. In the true C. angustifolius, Aiton, the flowers and leaves are pro-

duced at the same time, the latter are flat to the base and very shortly pointed

at the tips ; the tube of the flower gradually narrows from apex to base

without being contracted into a very slender basal part, and is less curved

there.

There is a large-flowered variety of C. angustifolius known as var. grandi-

florus, Baker, which does not seem to be clearly understood in South Africa.

A good figure of it, but reduced in size, appears in the Gardeners' Chronicle,

1905, vol. 37, p. 261, f. 110, No. 2. — N. E. Brown.

grass has been burnt off, and from this it derives its common

name of “Fire Lily.”

Description : — Bulb 4—6 cm. in diameter, ovoid ; tunics

brown, membranous. Leaves 2-3, contemporary with or

appearing after the flowers, 30-50 cm. long, 0*8-1 *2 cm. broad,

linear, acuminate, acute, tapering to a terete petiole above

the flattened base, glabrous. Peduncle Vandyke red (R.C.S.),

18 cm. long, lengthening in the fruit, 10 mm. in diameter,

terete, hollow, glabrous. Spathe-valves 4'5-5 cm. long, 8 mm.

broad near the base, linear, acute, membranous, glabrous.

Inflorescence , a 4-10-flowered umbel. Flowers pendulous,

scarlet-red to carmine (R.C.S.), faintly scented; pedicels

2-4 cm. long, strawberry-pink (R.C.S.), jointed at the apex;

perianth-tube 5-6 cm. long, tubular, narrowed at the base,

with an inflated portion about the middle ; lobes 1*3-1*5 cm.

long, 7 mm. broad, ovate-ellipsoid, acute, with a small tuft of

white hairs on the inner surface just below the apex. Stamens

inserted just below the throat, a little shorter than the perianth-

lobes; anthers chrome-yellow (R.C.S.), oblong. Ovary 1 cm.

long, 05 cm. in diameter, ovoid; style about the length of

the perianth-tube, included ; stigmas recurved. Seeds black,

flattened. — E. Percy Phillips.

Plate 4. — Figs. 1 and 2, anthers back and side view ; Fig. 3, apex of

the perianth, showing the tufts of hairs.

F.P.S.A., 1920.

5

K-A.Lansdell del.

GERBERA -JAMES ONI

B OLUS .

Plate 5.

GERBERA jamesoni.

Transvaal.

Compositae. Tribe Mutisiaceae.

Gerbera, Gronov.; Benth. et Hoolc.f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 497.

Gerbera Jamesoni, Bolus; Gard. Citron., 1889, vol. 5, p. 772. fig. 122;

Bot. Mag. t. 7087.

This plant, the “ Barberton Daisy,” has attracted much

attention in recent years as an addition to the herbaceous

garden.

It was first discovered in the Transvaal by the collector

Rehmann about 1878, and later by the Hon. R. Jameson on

the mountains round Barberton. In 1889 it flowered at Kew

Gardens and was illustrated in the Gardener's Chronicle for

that year. Shortly afterwards a coloured plate and descrip-

tion appeared in the Botanical Magazine (t. 7087). The

specific name was proposed by the late Dr. Bolus, who himself

collected the species at Barberton.

A mass of these plants in full bloom is very striking, the

scarlet rays standing out in strong contrast to the green

leaves.

The specimen from which the present illustration was

made flowered at the Botanical Laboratories, Pretoria.

Description : — Rootstock perennial. Leaves basal, numerous,

22-45 cm. long, 5-10 cm. broad, somewhat oblong in general

outline, deeply lobed, with the terminal lobe broadly ovate,

acute, pubescent on both surfaces, especially on the veins

beneath ; petiole 25-40 cm. long, terete, pilose, tinged with red

at the base. Peduncle 25-40 cm. long, terete, pilose, bearing

a solitary capitulum. Capitulum 8-10 cm. in diameter when

fully expanded. Involucral-bracts about 3-seriate, 1-1*5 cm.

long, lanceolate, acuminate, acute, woolly. Receptacle flat,

naked. Ray-florets female, scarlet to spectrum-red (R.C.S.) ;

lower limb represented by 2 linear strongly reflexed lobes.

Ovary glandular - pubescent. Disc-florets hermaphrodite.

Corolla bilabiate ; tube 7 mm. long, cylindrical, glabrous ;

anterior limb of 2 linear recurved lobes ; posterior limb 3-

toothed, spreading. Ovary 6 mm. long, cylindrical, glandular-

pubescent ; stigma bifid.

Plate 5. — Fig. 1, ray-floret; Fig. 2, disc-floret; Fig. 3, apex of style,

showing the two stigmas.

F.P.S.A., 1920.

6.

X.A.L&nsdell del

GLADIOLUS PSITACCINU S, h.x., vak

COOPERI, B.K.R.

Plate 6.

GLADIOLUS psittacinus, var. cooperi.

Basutoland and Transvaal.

Iridaceae. Tribe Ixieae.

Gladiolus, Linn.; Bentli. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 709.

Gladiolus psittacinus, Hook /. var. Cooperi, Bkr. Bot. Mag. t. 6202;

FI. Gap. vi. 158.

This striking species of Gladiolus belongs to the section

Dracocephali of the genus which contains some seven species

all characterised by having the upper segments hooded. It is

a favourite with cultivators, and has also been taken up by

nurserymen who grow blooms for sale. Like a great many of

our beautiful native species, it was left to Kew Gardens to

bring the species to public notice.

Corms of this Gladiolus were brought to England by

Mr. Thomas Cooper, who collected in South Africa for

Mr. Wilson Saunders. It first flowered at Kew in 1872,

when it was described and figured.

The species is easy of cultivation, and flowers at Pretoria

in November. Apart from the interest it is to gardeners

generally, it should be of special interest to breeders, as there

seems little doubt that some very fine hybrids could be raised

from this species.

Description : — A tall plant 0*9-l*2 metres high. Corrn red,

2*5-6 cm. in diameter, globose ; tunics chartaceous, broad,

ultimately breaking up into fibres. Leaves 6-8, 60-90 cm.

long, 2-3 cm. broad, ensiform, acute, slightly narrowed at the

base, glabrous, rigid. Inflorescence a lax 5-10-flowered spike,

20 cm. or more long. Spathe-valves 5-9 cm. long, oblong-

lanceolate, sub-acute, kildare-green (R.C.S.). Flowers large,

hooded, lemon-yellow (R.C.S.), striped with scarlet-red (R.C.S.).

Perianth-tube curved, 5-6 cm. long, trumpet-shaped, glabrous ;

three upper lobes forming a hood 2-2*5 cm. broad, ovate or ob-

ovate, acute, with a distinct claw ; the posterior lobe crimson

without, lighter in colour within, smaller than the other two

upper lobes; the three lower lobes smaller than the upper

lobes and strongly reflexed ; the anterior lobe 3-4 cm. long,

05-2 cm. broad, broadly-lanceolate, acute, lemon-yellow

(R.C.S.) in the lower half; the lateral lower lobes 2-2‘5 cm.

long, 04-05 cm. broad, lanceolate, acute. Stamens inserted

at the base of the perianth-tube, shorter than the upper lobes,

arcuate. Ovary ellipsoid ; style slightly longer than the

stamens, arcuate ; stigmas terete, pubescent on the stigmatic

surface. Capsule 2-2 5 cm. long, ellipsoid. Seeds discoid.

Plate 6. — Fig. 1, plant much reduced ; Fig. 2, apex of style, showing the

three stigmas ; Figs. 3 and 4, back and side view of stamens.

F.P.S.A., 1920.

7.

K A.L a/ns dell del.

LEU CAD END RON STOKOEI, Phillips.

t.EUGADEKDRON STOKOEI pro :>f

Plates 7 and 8.

LEUCADENDRON stokoei.

Cape Province.

Proteaceae. Tribe Proteeae.

Leucadendron, R. Br Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 169.

Leucadendron Stokoei, Phillips sp. nov.

Leucadendron Stokoei ; Rami et ramuli glabri. Folia 7-8-5 cm. longa,

1-2-1 cm. lata, oblonga vel oblongo-laneeolata, apice obtusa, basi paullo

angustata, glabra. Inflorescentia £ 2 cm. longa, 2-5 cm. lata ; bractae

involucri 1-1 cm. longae, apice obtusae, glabrae viscidaeque, eximae

reflexae; bractae floris 1 mm. longae, laneeolatae, acuminatae, apice

subacutae, basi villosae. Inflorescentia ? 2-5 cm. longa, 1-7 cm. lata ;

bractae involucri reflexae ; bractae floris 6 mm. longae, l'l cm. latae,

apice obtusae, sericeae. Fructus 7 mm. longus, 6 mm. latus, obovatus,

anguste alatus.

Cape Province : Caledon Division, Standford, near Caledon, Stokoe in National

Herbarium.

The remarkable group of South African plants — the Pro-

teaceae — still continues to yield interesting novelties, though

it was monographed as recently as 1910. This is especially

true of the genus Leucadendron , on which much work remains

to be done.

The specimens from which our illustration was made were

collected by Mr. T. P. Stokoe in the Klein River Mountains

at Sinkerhausgat, near Standford, in the Caledon Division.

Mr. Stokoe has made some interesting discoveries in this

region, amongst which was this new Leucadendron which he

forwarded to the Division of Botany in September, 1918. It

is quite distinct from any other species of Leucadendron , inas-

much as the male inflorescence is surrounded by large bracts

giving it the appearance of a Protea.

Desckiption : — Branches and branchlets glabrous. Leaves

7-8’5 cm. long, 1-2T cm. broad, oblong or oblong-lanceolate,

obtuse, bluntly mucronate, slightly narrowed at the base,

glabrous, very finely glandular when seen under a lens ; leaves

surrounding the inflorescence longer. Male inflorescence hidden

by the upper leaves and quite surrounded by brown bracts,

shortly peduncled, 2 cm. long, 2 o cm. in diameter ; the inner

bracts 1‘1 cm. long, oblong, obtuse, glabrous, viscid, longer or

as long as the inflorescence ; the outer situated on the short

peduncle, viscid and reflexed; receptacle 7 mm. long, 8 mm.

broad, subglobose. Floral bracts 1 mm. long, lanceolate, acu-

minate, subacute, villous at the base. Perianth 2 mm. long,

glabrous. Stigma clavate, much thicker than the style. Female

inflorescence hidden by the upper leaves, very shortly stalked,

2'5 cm. long, 17 cm. broad, the short peduncle bearing brown

reflexed bracts; receptacle 1*6 cm. long, 3 mm. broad, cylin-

drical. Floral bracts 6 mm. long, Id cm. broad, transversely

oblong, villous above. Fruiting head 35-4 cm. long, 35 cm.

in diameter; scales To cm. long, 12 cm. broad, suborbicular,

slightly narrowed at the base, tomentose without, except near

the apex. Fruits 7 mm. long, 6 mm. broad, obovate in outline,

flat on one side, convex on the other, honeycombed, with a

narrow membranous wing.

Plate 7. — Fig. 1, male inflorescence ; Fig. 2, longitudinal section of male

inflorescence.

Plate 8. — Fig. 1, young female infloresconce ; Fig. 2, longitudinal section

of female inflorescence ; Fig. 3, fruiting hoad ; Fig. 4, floral bract x 4 ;

Fig. 5, fruit x 4.

F.P.S.A., 1920.

Plate 9.

TULBAGHIA violacea.

Cape Province, Natal.

Liliaceae. Tribe Allieae.

Tulbaghia, Linn.; Benth. et Hoolc. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. 798.

Tulbaghia violacea, Harv. Bot. Mag. t. 3555. FI. Cap. vol. vi. 407.

This beautiful little Tulbaghia has a special interest attached

to it, inasmuch as it flowered in Baron von Ludwig’s garden

at the Cape of Good Hope, and was there illustrated and

described by Harvey, who sent his description and drawing

to the Botanical Magazine for publication. In this respect it

differs from most of the other Cape plants, which were described

and figured from specimens grown in Europe.

The present illustration was made from specimens cul-

tivated at the Botanic Gardens, Durban, Natal, from tubers

presented by Mrs. Todd of Pietermaritzburg. Notwithstand-

ing the unpleasant odour of garlic, the species is worth

cultivation. It is commonly known as the “ Wild Garlic.”

Description: — Rootstock tuberous. Leaves crowded; basal

leaves rudimentary and membranous ; upper leaves 6-10,

erect, 20-30 cm. long, 5-8 mm. broad, linear, acute, glabrous,

concave on the upper surface, rounded beneath. Peduncles

erect, 30-60 cm. long, terete. Inflorescence a 10-20-flowered

umbel. Spathe-valves 2-25 cm. long, 5 mm. broad at the base,

ovate-linear, acuminate, acute, membranous. Pedicles 2 5-4

cm. long, terete. Flowers pale amp are-purple to light haryense-

violet (B.C.S.). Perianth-tube lT-1’5 cm. long, 4 mm. in

diameter, cylindrical, slightly inflated at the base ; lobes 1-1 T

cm. long, 3-5 mm. broad, elliptic or lanceolate, acute or obtuse.

Corona-lobes 3, P5 mm. long, opposite the inner segments.

Stamens subsessile, in 2 whorls about halfway down the

perianth-tube; anthers sub-globose. Ovary sessile, sub-globose ;

style 2 mm. long, thick ; stigma capitate.

Plate 9. — Fig. 1, perianth laid open to show corona lobes and stamens x 1J.

F.P.S.A., 1920.

C

w

Plate 10.

RICHARDIA ANGUSTILOBA.

Transvaal , Basutoland.

Aroideae. Tribe Philodendreae.

Eichardia, Kunth. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 982.

Richardia angustiloba, Schott in Journ. Bot. 1865, 35 ; FI. Cap. vii. 37.

The specimen figured was first mentioned in the Gardeners

Chronicle , 1892, as Calla Pentlandii, and two years later in the

same publication was again brought to notice as Richardia

Pentlandii , under which name it was described and figured in

the Botanical Magazine. Mr. N. E. Brown, who monographed

the genus for the Flora Capensis , considers it the same as

Richardia angustiloba which was described as early as 1865.

It was introduced into cultivation by Mr. R. Whyte, Pentland

House, Lee, who raised flowers in 1892, and exhibited it at a

meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society and was awarded

a first-class certificate.

Specimens of the tubers were taken to Kew by Mr. E. E.

Galpin in May, 1892.

Our present illustration was made from plants flowered by

Mr. H. H. Wickens, Officer in Charge of the Union Buildings

Garden, Pretoria.

Description : — Leaves dark green, unspotted ; petiole 30-60

cm. long, terete, glabrous; lamina 22-30 cm. long, 11 cm.

broad at the widest part, ovate, acute, and produced into a

filiform appendage at the apex 1-2 cm. long, sagittate at the

base, glabrous, with the midrib prominent beneath and chan-

nelled above. Peduncle over 1 metre high, longer than the

leaves, terete, glabrous. Spathe gamboge-yellow, dark purple

at the base inside, 10-14 cm. long, 4-4 ’5 cm. broad across the

middle, 7-10 cm. across the mouth, loosely convolute for two-

thirds of its length, then expanding into a broad, nearly

horizontal limb produced into a subulate tip 1*5 cm. long

and with recurved margins. Spadix yellow, 45 cm. long,

cylindrical. Ovaries with snbsessile stigmas, pale greenish-

white. Staminodia none; anthers yellow. Calla Pentlandii ,

Gard. Chron. 1892, p. 124 ; Richardia Pentlandii , Gard. Chron.

1894, p. 590 ; Bot. Mag. t. 7397.

Plate 10. — Fig. 1, plant much reduced ; Fig. 2, spathe removed to show

the spadix.

K. ALansdell del

FREESIA REFRACTA, klatt.

Plate 11.

FREE SI A Sparrmannii var. flava.

Cape Province.

Ieidaceae. Tribe Ixieae.

Freesia, Klait ; Benth. et Hoolc.f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 704.

Freesia Sparrmannii, N.E. Br. var. flava, N.E. Br.

Gladiolus Sparrmanni, Thunb. in Kongl. Vet. Acad. Handlingar, 1814, p. 189,

fc. 9a, and FI. Cap. ed Schultes, p. 49.

According to the Flora Capensis the only species in the

genus Freesia is F. refracta , Klatt, which is a native of the

eastern districts of Albany, Bathurst, etc., and is characterised

by having (among other characters) the slender lower part of

the perianth-tube shorter than the upper broader part and not

more than twice as long as the bracts. But there are at least

three other species found in other regions that distinctly differ

in habit or in the tube of the flower or in both. One of them

collected by Burchell in Bechuanaland and at present unde-

scribed, has a very long tube. Another is a plant found in

the coast districts of Swellendam, Riversdale, Ladismith,

etc., figured and described by Thunberg under the name of

Gladiolus Sparrmanni , upon which I found the species Freesia

Sparrmannii. The reference to this figure is omitted by

Schultes in his edition of Thunberg’s FI. Cap., and is not

quoted by Baker, but it accurately agrees with the plant

Zeyher collected along the Buffeljagts River in Swellendam

Division and distributed under No. 4027. It conspicuously

differs from F. refracta by the very much longer slender part

to the perianth tube, and although Thunberg’s plant and that

collected by Zeyher have purplish-tinted flowers, I place the

plant here figured as a yellow variety of it, because I find that

the late P. MacOwan, in a letter preserved at Kew, gives the

following particulars concerning this species, which he also

considers distinct from F. refracta. He writes : “ All along

the coast from Cape Point towards Agulhas, notably near

Mossel Bay, the other Freesia grows wild. I have never seen

it in my Eastern Province peregrinations. ... Its colour

varies very much, from pale golden daffodil tint to pure white,

and is either with or without purplish stains on the outside of

the perianth-segments. Here, at the Hort. C.B.S., we paid

much attention to this lovely bulb, grew it year after year,

roguing out all the yellow and purple- stained individuals and

sowing the whitest. This is the ‘ Freesia refracta alba ’ of

gardens.”

This note gives the origin of F. refracta var. alba , Baker,

Handb. hid. p. 167, which should now be called F. Sparrmannii

var. alba , for it certainly is not the same as the true F. refracta ,

and Thunberg’s original name must be upheld.

The plant here figured is doubtless the pale golden form

mentioned by MacOwan, and it differs from the yellow-flowered

F. xanthospila by the very long slender part of its perianth-

tube. — N. E. Brown.

Our illustration was made from specimens grown in the

Gardens of the Division of Botany from bulbs presented by

Mr. J. Shand, of Ladismith, Cape Province.

Description: — Corm about 4 cm. long, 3 cm. in diameter,

produced into a short neck and densely covered with fibres.

Leaves basal, 6-8 cm. long, ‘5-1 cm. broad, acute, somewhat

sheathing at the base, glabrous. Peduncle 9’5 cm. long, with

the upper portion bent at a right angle. Spatke-valves 1 cm.

long, ovate, subacuminate, acute, membranous in the upper

portion. Perianth-tube 5’2 cm. long, 1*2 cm. in diameter above,

campanulate in the upper portion and becoming slenderly

tubular in the lower half, yellow; lobes 1-2 cm. long, 1 cm.

broad, ovate-oblong, or subrotund, rounded above, yellow.

Style 5-6 cm. long, filiform, 6-lobed ; lobes 5 mm. long, linear,

somewhat spathulate at the apex. — E. Percy Phillips.

Plate 11. — Fig. 1, anther; Fig. 2, style arms.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

CRASSU LA FALCATA.willd.

KA.La.nsdeil del.

Plate 12.

CRASSULA FALCATA.

Cape Province.

Crassulaceae.

Crassula, Linn. ; Benth. et HooJc.f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 657.

Crassula falcata, Wendland, Bot. Beobachtungen, p. 44 (1798), Willd. Enum.

p. 341 (1809) ; FI. Cap. vol. ii. p. 338.

Among rock plants there are few which equal this fine

Crassula for brilliant colouring. It is easy to propagate and

flowers freely. The species is common in the Eastern

Province, and is found in flower during the month of June.

The specimen from which our illustration is made was collected

by Mr. P. J. Pienaar at Grahamstown and flowered in the

Gardens of the Division of Botany.

Description : — Stem succulent, 30-55 cm. high, simple.

Leaves connate at the base, fleshy, 6-9 cm. long, 1 *5-2-5 cm.

broad, decreasing in size upwards, obliquely falcate, obtuse,

glaucous. Peduncle reddish in colour. Inflorescence a dense

trichotomous cyme. Calyx-lobes 3 mm. long, ovate or oblong,

obtuse, canescent. Petals 1 cm. long, connate at the base ;

lobes linear-lanceolate, subobtuse. Stamens nearly as long as

the petals. Styles 5, subulate. Squamae minute.

Plate 12. — Fig. 1, carpels and squamae x 5.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

13

OLIVIA MINIATA. RH3EL

21. A L=-nsaeli del

Plate 13.

OLIVIA MINI AT A.

Natal.

Amaryllidaceae. Tribe Amarylleae.

Clivia, Lindl. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 729.

Olivia miniata, Regel , Gartenflora, 1864, p. 131, t. 434; FI. Cap. vol. vi. p. 229.

Imantophyllum (?) miniatum, Hook. Bot. Mag. fc. 4783.

This species, indigenous to Natal, represents only one of

many of our native plants, which have been brought to the

notice of horticulturists by English Nurserymen. A living

plant was exhibited at a meeting of the Horticultural Society

in February 1854 by Messrs. Backhouse, who imported the

plant from Natal. The specimen from which our illustration

was made was collected by Miss K. A. Lansdell at Ifafa on

the South Coast of Natal. The species is a shade lover, and is

usually found flowering in the shelter of rocks and trees. The

size and number of the flowers have been much improved by

cultivation, and several hybrids have been raised from the

species. The flowers may vary in colour from a red to a

yellowish-red.

Description : — Rootstock a fleshy rhizome, 1-5-2 cm. in

diameter, with numerous fleshy cylindrical roots. Leaves

many, 40-50 cm. long, 5-6'5 cm. broad, strap-shaped, acute,

slightly narrowed at the base, the leaf bases forming a distinct

swelling just above the rhizome, glabrous, bright green.

Peduncles shorter than the leaves, compressed, sharply

2-edged. Inflorescence a 12-20-flowered umbel. Spathe-valves

4 cm. long, 7-8 mm. broad, ovate-oblong, membranous. Floral

bracts 2'5 cm. long, linear. Flowers erect. Perianth divided

almost to the base ; tube about 5 mm. long ; segments 5-7 cm.

long; the inner 1*1 cm. and the outer 1-8-2T cm. broad at the

widest part, oblanceolate ; the inner emarginate ; the outer

minutely thickened at the apex ; all obtuse, gradually narrowed

to a claw ; bright red, with white margins at the lower half.

Stamens included ; filaments compressed ; anthers linear,

versatile. Ovary 5-6 mm. long ; ellipsoid, bluntly 3-angled ;

style slender, as long as the perianth ; stigma trifid, sometimes

bifid. Fruit a bright red berry, globose, 1*5 cm. in diameter.

Seeds 1 or few, subglobose.

Plate 13. — Fig. 1, section of peduncle; Fig. 2, bract; Fig. 3, transverse

section of ovary ; Fig. 4, style and stigmas ; Fig. 5, fruit.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

74.

K.A.Lansdell del.

GARDENIA GLOB OS A, thunb.

Plate 14.

GARDENIA globosa.

Cape Province , Natal.

Rubiaceae. Tribe Gaedenieae.

Gaedenia, Lirm. ; Benth. et Hoolc.f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 89.

Gardenia globosa, Hochst. in Flora, 1842, p. 237 ; Bot. Mag. fc. 4791 ; Harv.

Thes. Cap. p. 4, t. 5 ; FI. Cap. vol. iii. p. 5 ; Wood, Natal Plants, vol. iv.

t. 376.

This handsome plant is a shrub or sometimes becomes a

small tree, and is without doubt one of our finest native

flowering shrubs. It is common in Natal, where it flowers in

early spring and summer. The large fragrant bell-shaped

flowers are produced in great profusion and give to the plant

a very striking appearance. The species has been known to

European cultivation for over sixty years, but is usually grown

in the greenhouse. It is frequently seen in gardens in Durban,

Natal, and specimens have been grown in Queens Park, East

London, but the plant has not received the attention from

South African horticulturists which it deserves.

Our illustration was made from specimens collected by Miss

K. A. Lansdell in the Stella hush near Durban, Natal. The

native name is “ Isi-Qoba.”

Description : — A shrub or small tree. Branches with dark-

coloured bark, glabrous. Leaves opposite ; petioles 3-5 mm.

long ; blade 5-15 cm. long, 2-3'5 cm. broad, lanceolate or

sometimes oblanceolate, obtuse or acute, gradually tapering

to the base, entire, with a prominent reddish mid-rib beneath,

glabrous ; stipules about one-third of the length of the petiole,

ovate, acuminate, minutely pubescent, soon deciduous. Flowers

terminal, axillary or clustered. Pedicels 1-2 mm. long,

minutely pubescent. Calyx 3-4 mm. long, minutely pubescent

and glandular without, silky within ; tube campanulate ; lobes

acute. Corolla white, usually with 5 faint pink lines within,

which may become darker near the base and broader on the

lobes, sometimes spotted ; tube 2-5 cm. long, 1-8 cm. in

diameter above, campanulate, suddenly constricted and

narrowed above the calyx, minutely pubescent without,

densely tomentose within ; lobes spreading, half as long as

the tube. Anthers linear. Ovary 1-celled, with numerous

ovules ; stigmas white or pink. Fruit a brown berry, crowned

with the persistent calyx-lobes, many seeded. Seeds minute,

immersed in the fleshy parietal placentas.

Plate 14. — Fig. 1, style arms ; Fig. 2, fruit.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

K A.LariSdell del

HI CHARD IA HERMANN I, engi

Plate 15.

RICHARDIA REHMANNI.

Natal , Transvaal , Swaziland.

Aroideae. Tribe Philodendreae.

Richardia, Kunth ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 982.

Richardia Rehmanni, N.E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1888, vol. iv. p. 570 ; Bot.

Mag. fc. 7436 ; FI. Cap. vol. vii. p. 36 ; Wood, Natal Plants , vol. vi. t. 512.

This species was first collected by the traveller Rehmann

and described by Engler in 1883 as Zantedeschia Rehmanni.

Among English horticulturists the plant attracted a lot of

attention, and was several times referred to in the Gardener's

Chronicle. The chief attraction to cultivators is the deep

red colour of the spathes, but when grown in English gardens

and also in its native climate, the colour varies considerably.

Dr. Medley Wood notes that at the Natal Herbarium, Durban,

the original deep red colour returned to the plants after being

cultivated fifteen years. This loss of colour, however, does not

appear to he constant among plants which flowered for the

first time at the Division of Botany Gardens, Pretoria, from

tubers which were sent by S. G. Marwick, Esq., Assistant

Commissioner, Hlatikulu, Swaziland. In these the colour

ranged from pale pink to deep red. After fertilization, how-

ever, and during the formation of the fruits the colour

gradually fades from the spathes and they become green.

The species was introduced into England by Mr. R. W. Adlam

of Natal, who sent tubers to the Cambridge Botanic Gardens.

The leaves vary from a uniform green to green with white

markings, or green with darker green markings.

Our illustration was made from specimens cultivated at

the Natal Herbarium, Durban, Natal.

Description : — Plant about 05 metre high. Leaves 3-5,

the lower reduced to mere sheaths ; petiole 15-30 cm. long,

deeply channelled down the face, rounded on the back, stem-

clasping at the base ; blade 40-60 cm. long, 6-8 cm. broad,

lanceolate, acute, with a subulate point, narrowed at the base

into the petiole, entire, with undulating margins, and the

mid-rib prominent beneath, dark green, sometimes with white,

sometimes with green markings, shining. Peduncle shorter

than the leaves, terete, glabrous, olive-green. Spathe 10-15

cm. long, with a tube 4-5 cm. long and r8-2 cm. in diameter,

with an ovate acuminate limb, varying in colour from almost

white to a deep rose or aster purple (R.C.S.) in the upper

portion, greenish-yellow below, without a dark blotch round

the base of the spadix. Spadix stout, with male flowers on

the upper half and female flowers on the lower half. Ovary

glabrous ; stigma sessile. Fruit a berry. Seeds subglobose.

Plate 15. — Fig. 1, plant, reduced; Fig. 2, spadix; Fig. 3, ovary.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

K-A-La-nsdell del.

ADENIUM MUL TIFL O RUM, KLOTZ

Plate 16.

ADENIUM MULTIFLORUM.

Transvaal , Zulu, land, Portuguese East Africa.

Apocynaceae. Tribe Echitideae.

Adenium, R. & S. ; Benth. et HooJc.f. Gen. Plant, vol. 2, p. 722.

Adenium multiflorum, Klotzch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. p. 279,

t. xliv., i'V. Cap. vol. 4, sect. 1, p. 514.

The specimen from which our illustration was made is

growing in the Gardens of the Division of Botany, Pretoria,

and was presented by Mr. A. E. Antrobus, Cloud’s End,

Louis Trichard, in the Zoutpansberg District. The flowers

appeared in September before the leaves, which only made their

appearance the following month. The species does very well

on a rockery, and when it flowers is a very pleasing sight.

Description : — A plant with a very large tuber just below

the ground-level and from which the branches spring.

Branches more or less succulent, glabrous. Leaves appearing

after the flowers, sub-sessile, 3-5-9 cm. long, 1 *5-6-5 cm.

broad, obovate, obtuse, narrowed to the base, dark green and

very shiny above, pale green and dull beneath, with the mid-

rib and lateral veins distinct above, the mid-rib alone

prominent beneath. Inflorescence cymose, up to 5-flowered,

terminal. Sepals lanceolate, pilose. Corolla-tube about 3

cm. long, 1*2 cm. broad above, tub alar below, pilose without

and within on the broadened portion ; lobes, 1 -7-2-5 cm. long,

about 1 cm. broad, elliptic-oblong, or obovate, shortly

acuminate, acute, with crinkled edges, usually sparsely

pubescent on the upper portion, pink, with dark red margins.

Anthers densely villous.

Plate 16. — Eig-. 1, plant, reduced; Pig. 2, leaf; Fig. 3, calyx; Fig. 4,

stamen ; Fig. 5, pistil.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

/7

K_A..Lansdell del.

ALOE PIENAARII, pole evans

Plate 17.

ALOE PIENAARII.

Transvaal.

Liliaceae. Tribe Aloineae.

Aloe, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 776.

Aloe Pienaarii, Pole Evans in Trans. R.oy. Soc. S. Afr. vol. v. p. 27, t. vi. vii.

This species was first collected by Mr. P. J. Pienaar at

Smit’s Drift, near Petersburg, in January 1914, where it is

very common on and around the isolated granite kopjes, though

it also occurs in the open flat country. A number of plants

were obtained for the gardens of the Union Buildings at

Pretoria, where they have been established, and specimens

are also growing in the Aloe collection at the Division of

Botany Gardens, Pretoria. The species flowers from May

to July.

Description : — Herb, succulent, stemless. Leaves 35-60 in

a dense rosette, 60-80 cm. long, 12-15 cm. broad at the base,

lanceolate-ensiform, acute, reddish-green or blueish, beset

along the margins with small chestnut-coloured (R.C.S.)

deltoid thorns 2 mm. long and 5-7 mm. apart. Inflorescence

2-3 from the same rosette, copiously panicled, erect, 1 25-1 *65

metres high, with about 8 arcuate-erect branches subtended

at the base with deltoid-acuminate bracts ; racemes densely

flowered, 25-35 cm. long, cylindrical-conical. Bracts at first

densely imbricated, afterwards embracing the pedicels, 20 mm.

long, 11 mm. broad, broadly ovate-acuminate, acute, many-

nerved. Pedicels erect, spreading, 15-20 mm. long, greenish-

scarlet. Perianth 35-38 mm. long, somewhat 3-angled and

cylindrical, at first scarlet, greenish at the tips, becoming

citron-yellow (R.C.S.) when open; outer segments shorter

than the inner, free, acute ; inner slightly recurved at the

apex and more obtuse, and the lateral ones becoming com-

pressed towards the apex so as to close the mouth of the tube.

Stamens just exserted ; filaments bright chalcedony-yellow

(R.C.S.) ; anthers grenadine-red (R.C.S.). Capsule enclosed

within the dry perianth, 20 mm. long, cylindrical-trigonous,

woody. Seeds 4-5 mm. long, irregular, narrowly winged.

Plate 17. — Fig. 1, plant much reduced ; Fig. 2, bract ; Fig. 3, stamen ;

Fig, 4, capsule.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

K-AXa-nsdell del

ALOE P RE T O RIEN SI S, pole evans.

Plate 18.

ALOE PRETORIENSIS.

Transvaal.

Liliaceae. Tribe Aloinae.

Aloe, Linn. ; Bentli. et Flo oh. f. vol. iii. p. 776.

Aloe pretoriensis, Pole Evans in Trans. S. Afr. Roy. Soc. vol. v. p. 32,

t. xii. xiii.

This handsome Aloe occurs on the northern slopes of the

hills around Pretoria, and is especially abundant on Meintjes’

Kop. It is also found near Lydenburg, at Barberton, the

Premier Mine, and along the foot of the Lebombo range of

mountains. The flowers usually appear in May, and when in

flower the plants attract large numbers of brightly coloured

sun-birds. The tall branched inflorescence forms the most

striking feature of the plant, and when one compares it with

that of Aloe lineata, which is unbranched and differs in many

other important respects, it seems almost incredible that A.

pretoriensis should have been mistaken by so many botanists

for A. lineata as has been done.

Description : — Stem short, sometimes reaching 1 metre in

height, 8-12 cm. in diameter Leaves numerous, 30-60 in a

dense rosette, arcuate-erect, 30-65 cm. long, 3-7 cm. broad at

the base, 8-10 mm. thick, lanceolate, acuminate, acute, flat on the

upper surface and slightly canaliculate towards the tip, convex

beneath, light green or slightly glaucous, with the margins

armed with red sharply pointed horny prickles 3-4 mm. long

and 10-17 mm. apart, and in old leaves the tips withered and

reddish in colour. Inflorescence a lax panicle 2-3 ‘5 metres

high. Peduncle stout with 2-8 ascending branches, subtended

by deltoid-ovate bracts at the base ; racemes dense, 15-50 cm.

long, conical-cylindric. Bracts at first densely imbricate,

15-20 mm. long, 10-12 mm. broad, ovate-deltoid, many veined.

Pedicels 20-25 mm. long, lengthening and becoming erect in

the fruit. Perianth pendulous, 40-43 mm. long, cylindrical,

slightly swollen towards the middle and tapering upwards,

peach-red (R.C.S.), with yellowish-green tips. Stamens

shortly exserted ; filaments greenish-yellow ; anthers reddish-

brown. Style shortly exserted. Capsule greyish, enwrapped

in the diy perianth, 15-18 mm. long, about 6 mm. in diameter,

cylindrical, 3-angled. Seeds dark, 2-5 mm. long, very

narrowly 3-winged.

Plate 18. — Fig. 1, plant much reduced ; Fig. 2, part of a leaf, natural size ;

Fig. 3, bract.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

19

\ /

K.A.La/nsde]! del.

CLERODENDRON TRIPHYLL.UM, h.h.w pearson.

Plate 19.

CLERODENDRON triphyllum.

Transvaal, Orange Free State, Natal, Zululand.

Verbenaceae. Tribe Viticeae.

Clerodendron, Linn. ; Benth. et Hooh.f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 1155;

FI. Gap. vol. v. sect. 1, p. 220.

Cyclonema triphyllum, Harv. Thes. Gap. vol, i. p. 17, t. 27.

One of the charming spring plants found on the High

Veld of the Transvaal and especially abundant after early

winter veld fires. The corolla is of the same deep blue seen

in many species of Lobelia, and the colour of the flowers makes

the plant a conspicuous object in the veld. Our illustration was

made from specimens collected by Dr. I. B. Pole Evans at

Kaalfontein, between Pretoria and Germiston.

Description : — A low undershrub 12-60 cm. high. Stems

erect from an underground woody rootstock, angular, striate,

usually puberulous at the nodes, glabrous when mature.

Leaves in whorls of 3 or 4, or opposite, sessile, 1 '3-6 cm. long,

2- 1*3 cm. broad, lanceolate or occasionally linear, acute or

subacute, narrowed at the base, entire, glabrous, gland-dotted

beneath. Inflorescence a 1-3-flowered pedunculate axillary

cyme. Peduncles up to 2*6 cm. long, with 2 opposite lanceolate

bracts near the summit. Flowers pedicellate. Calyx 3-7*5

mm. long, campanulate, 5-lobed, 5-ribbed, glabrous, with a

tube equalling or slightly exceeding the ovate acute segments.

Corolla deep chicory-blue to royal purple (R.C.S.) ; tube

3- 7*5 mm. long, bent, villous or glabrous at the throat; 4

upper lobes unequal, obliquely obovate or elliptic, obtuse;

lower lobes obovate or oblong, exceeding the upper. Stamens

glabrous. Fruit a 1-2-seeded drupe, 1-1*8 cm. long, 9-1*3 cm.

in diameter, ovoid, smooth.

Plate 19. — Fig. 1, fruifc.

E

K_A Lansdeil del.

Plate 20.

GLADIOLUS REHMANNI.

Transvaal.

Iridaceae. Tribe Ixieae.

Gladiolus, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. 709.

Gladiolus Rehmanni, Baker ; Handb. Irid. p. 216 ; FI. Cap. vol. vi. p. 153.

This species of Gladiolus is here figured for the first time.

Rehmann collected it between the Elands River and Klippan,

and it was then lost sight of until rediscovered by Dr. I. B.

Pole Evans at Nylstroom, Waterberg District, in February,

1917, and has now been established in the Gardens of the

Division of Botany, Pretoria. We are indebted to Mrs. Frank

Bolus for identification.

Description : — Gorm small, 2 cm. in diameter, subglobose,

with light brown membranous tunics. Leaves 4-6, basal, 30-60

cm. long, 1*2 cm. broad, linear, glabrous, rigid, with prominent

ribs. Peduncle , including the inflorescence, 60-65 cm. long.

Spike 20-25 cm. long, lax. Outer spathe-valve 7-9 cm. long,

oblong-lanceolate, at first bright green, then turning to dark

slate-violet (R.C.S.). Perianth white to pale mauve (not red

as stated in the Flora Capensis) ; tube curved, 2-2*5 cm. long,

funnel-shaped in the upper half; lobes 4-4*5 cm. long, the

3 upper 2-23 cm. broad, obovate-spathulate ; the 3 lower 1*8

cm. broad, oblong, with yellow-green markings at the throat.

Filaments arcuate ; anthers purple. Style filiform, with 3

cuneate stigmas.

Plate 20. — Fig. 1, bulb and leaves, reduced ; Fig. 2, outer spathe-valve ;

Fig. 3, stamens, front and side view ; Fig. 4, apex of style with stigmas.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

27.

KA.La.n3 dell del.

PA C HYP ODIUM SUC CULENTUM.

Plate 21.

PACHYPODIUM SUCCULENTUM.

Cape Province.

Apocynaceae. Tribe Echitideae.

Pachypodium, Lindl. ; Benth. et Hoolc.f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 722.

Pachypodium sueeulentum, DC., Prodr. vol. viii. p. 424 ; FI. Cap. vol. iv.

sect. 1, p. 517.

Pachypodium tuberosum, Lindl., Bot. Reg. t. 1321.

The species of Pachypodium figured in our illustration was

first described by the famous traveller, Carl Thunberg, in the

year 1794. Thunberg gathered his plants, on which he based

his description, between the Gouritz and Sundays River.

The name he gave to the species was Echites succulenta.

Robert Brown, in 1909, surmised that the plant placed by

Thunberg in the genus Echites would most likely constitute

a distinct genus, and in 1830 Lindley confirmed this, and

founded the genus Pachypodium upon, and gave an excellent

figure of, this species of Pachypodium in the Botanical Register,

at t. 1321, but gave it a new specific name, which is omitted

from the Flora Capensis.

Our present illustration was made from specimens growing

on the rockeries of the Division of Botany, Pretoria, which

were presented by Mr. Silvesta of Port Elizabeth.

Description : — Plants with a very large tuberous stem,

partly above ground, with several semi-succulent branches

arising from the upper portion of the tuber. Branches with a

waxy covering, glabrous or finely hairy when young. Leaves

in fascicles, 1-4 cm. long, 2-6 mm. broad, linear or linear-

lanceolate, obtuse, with recurved margins, green and pubescent

above, paler and tomentose below. Spines arising in groups of

2-3 from an evident cushion, the two lateral spines longer and

spreading, the medium spine shorter and erect, sometimes

absent. Flowers terminal. Calyx campanulate ; lobes narrowly

lanceolate, acute, densely pubescent. Corolla twisted in bud ;

1-1 *5 cm. long, cylindric, pubescent ; lobes 1*5 cm. long, 1 cm.

F

broad, obovate, narrowed into a distinct claw, pale pink with

dark-red markings. Fruit 6-8 cm. long, spindle-shaped,

pubenulous.

Plate 21. — Fig. 1, plant much reduced ; Fig. 2, calyx ; Fig. 3, stamen ;

Fig. 4, style and stigma.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

K-A.La.nsde]l del.

PRO TEA ABYSS INI CA.

Plate 22.

PROTEA ABYSSINICA.

Transvaal , Rhodesia.

Proteaceae. Tribe Proteeae.

Protea, Linn. ; Benih. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 169.

Protea abyssiniea, Willd. Sp. PI. vol. i. p. 522 ; FI. Cap. vol. v. sect. 1,

p. 581.

The Protea illustrated here is a very common species on

the hillsides in the neighbourhood of Pretoria. It sometimes

attains a height of 15 feet, is much branched, and has no

distinct trunk. We have no record of the species occurring

further south, but it certainly extends into Rhodesia, and

perhaps — though we have some doubt on this point — into

Abyssinia. The species was first described by the botanist

Willdenow, under the present specific name in 1797, and he

based his description on a figure which appeared in Bruce’s

Travels to discover the Source of the Nile , which was published

in 1790. The point as to whether the Transvaal plant is

the same species as that figured by Bruce needs further

investigation.

The specimens from which the figure was made were

collected by Miss I. C. Yerdoorn at Waterkloof, near Pretoria.

Description : — Branches glabrous. Leaves 7-15'5 cm. long,

•8-2 2 cm. broad, narrowly oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate,

subacute or obtuse, narrowing to the base, coriaceous, glabrous.

Inflorescence, 6’3 cm. long, and about 6*3 cm. in diameter

when expanded, narrowed into a short scaly stipe. Involucral-

hracts 11-seriate, silky; the inner oblong, concave, shorter

than the flowers. Perianth with three small teeth at the

apex, densely hairy. Ovary covered with a dense tuft of long

hairs ; style 4‘5 cm. long, more or less curved ; stigma slightly

bent at the junction with the style.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

23

K.A.Lajisdell del.

B O LUSANTHUS SPECIOSUS, harms.

Plate 23.

BOLUSANTHUS speciosus.

Transvaal, Rhodesia, Portuguese East Africa.

Leguminosae. Tribe Sophoreae.

Boeusanthus, Harms in Fedde Report. Nov. Sp. vol. ii. p. 14 (1906).

Bolus an thus speeiosus, Harms, l.c.

Lonchocarpus speeiosus, Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxv. p. 161 (1889).

This remarkable and handsome leguminous plant was

collected by the late Dr. Bolus near the Komati River Drift

in 1886, and described by him as Lonchocarpus speeiosus. Dr.

Harms of Berlin, when examining a collection of Rhodesian

plants, came across the same species on which he founded

the genus Bolusanthus. The free stamens would indicate that

it is not a species of Lonchocarpus.

Our illustration was made from material collected by

Dr. Pole Evans at Chunies Poort, Transvaal, in October, 1919.

The tree, which frequently reaches a height of 30-40 feet, is

locally known as “ Van Wyk’s Hout,” or “Wild Wisteria.”

It is frequent along the northern foothills of the Zoutpansberg

range of mountains and in the low veld bush country along

the Selati River. When in full bloom it is one of the most

beautiful sights seen in the veld, and is a species which should

certainly be introduced into cultivation.

Description : — Tree up to 30-40 ft. high. Branchlets

pubescent. Leaves 10-27 cm. long ; leaflets petiolate ; petiole

5 mm. long ; leaflet 2‘5-7'5 cm. long, '5-%‘5 cm. broad, ovate-

elliptic or lanceolate, very often sub-falcate, long-acuminate,

acute, oblique at the base, villous when young, becoming

pubescent with age. Inflorescence a raceme 14-20 cm. long ;

rachis pubescent. Pedicels up to 2 cm. long, pubescent.

Calyx 7 mm. long, densely tomentose. Corolla dark blue ;

vexillum 1‘5 cm. long, about 1’3 cm. broad, obovate ; alae

1*3 cm. long, carina as long as the alae. Stamens free.

Ovary linear, densely pubescent. Fruit up to 7 cm. long,

1-1-2 cm. broad, linear-oblong.

Plate 23. — Fig. 1, branch with flowers; Fig. 2, leaf; Fig. 3, legumes;

Fig. 4, calyx ; Fig. 5, vexillum ; Fig. 6, alae ; Fig. 7, carina ; Fig. 8, ovary.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

2-f

Plate 24.

ACOKANTHERA spectabilis.

Cape Province , Natal.

Apocynaceae. Tribe Carisseae.

Acokanthera, G. Don. ; Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 696.

Acokanthera spectabilis, Hook. f. Bot. Mag. fc. 6359 ; FI. Cap. vol. 4,

sect. 1, p. 501.

The above figure in the Botanical Magazine was published

in 1878, and together with the description which accompanied

it was the first recognition that the so-called “ Gift Boom” of

the Eastern Province consisted of two distinct species. The

plant from which the figure in the Botanical Magazine was

made, flowered at Kew Gardens in 1878. Mr. T. R. Sim

states that he cannot distinguish A. spectabilis , Hook, from

A. venenata , G. Don., but regards it as an eastern coastal form.

The plant is reputed to be extremely poisonous, and as the

fruits are so attractive-looking, it makes the species also a

dangerous one. In habit our plant is an evergreen shrub

which lends itself to cultivation in the shrubbery ; the flowers

are very fragrant, and even in fruit the shrub does not lose

its beauty, as the dark purple fruits show up conspicuously

against the green leaves. The specimen figured here was

presented by Mr. J. W. Wickens from the Garden of the

Union Buildings, Pretoria.

Description : — Shrub 4-10 ft. high. Branches glabrous.

Leaves shortly petioled ; petioles 6 mm. long ; lamina 7-10 cm.

long, 2#2-4 cm. broad, elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, shortly

acuminate, acute, narrowed at the base, glabrous, with the

mid-rib distinct below and sunken above. Flowers in many-

flowered clusters. Calyx 5-lobed almost to the base, pubescent.

Corolla-tube 2 cm. long, narrowly cylindric, pubescent outside,

hairy within at the throat ; lobes 4 mm. long, 3 mm. broad,

elliptic, rounded at the apex. Anthers ovate in outline, with

a few hairs at the apex. Style 14 mm. long, cylindric;

stigma subglobose, with a few hairs at the apex.

WARY GUNN LIBRARY

o0UTH *AN NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY INSTITUTE

private BAG X 101

PRETORIA 0001

REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

[A. spectabilis is very easily distinguished from A. venenata

by its longer petioles, usually larger size, and less elliptic

shape and different venation of its leaves, the veins (at least

in the dried state) being far less prominent and less ascending

than they are in A. venenata , and the flowers are much larger,

the corolla-tube of A. spectabilis being 14-20 mm. long, whilst

those of A. venenata are only 8-12 mm. long. Dried specimens

show no intermediates. — N. E. Brown.]

Plate 24. — Fig. 1, calyx; Fig. 2, corolla in section; Fig. 3, stamen;

Fig. 4, stigma.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

25.

X.A.L&.ns'-ie’l is’.

CYRTANTHUS SAN G U1NEU S; hook.

Plate 25.

CYBTANTHUS sanguineus.

Cape Province, Transkei, Natal.

Amaryllideae. Tribe Amarylleae.

Cyrtanthus, Ait. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 729.

Cyrtanthus sanguineus, Hook, in Bot. Mag. t. 5218 ; FI. Cap. vol. vi.

p. 227.

This species was imported into England from Kaffraria by

Messrs. Backhouse, and presented by them to the Horticultural

Society of London in 1846. Two years later, in the Journal

of the Society, Dr. Lindley described the plant, and the

description was accompanied by a woodcut. In 1860 a plant

flowered in the greenhouse at Kew, and was figured and

described in the Botanical Magazine, t. 5218, by Hooker. The

specimens from which the present illustration was made were

gathered by Miss K. A. Lansdell at Krantzkloof, Natal. The

plant is known as the “ Kei Lily.”

Description : — Bulb about 4-5 cm. long, ovoid, produced

into a distinct neck, with parchment-like scales. Leaves

1-4, contemporary with the flowers, 22-30 cm. long, -5-2 cm.

broad, linear, obtuse, narrowed more or less suddenly in the

lowermost third to form a petiole, glabrous. Peduncle 12-26

cm. long, bearing 1-2 flowers. Spathes two, 4-6‘5 cm. long,

tapering into a long appendage from a broadened base.

Pedicels up to 2 cm. long, glabrous. Perianth-tube 4-6 cm.

long, campanulate in the upper half, cylindric in the lower

half ; lobes 4 cm. long, 1*8 cm. broad, ovate, acuminate, acute,

with the apices of the outer lobes indexed and forming a small

hood. Stigmas with minute papillae on their inner faces.

Plate 25. — Fig. 1, portion of apex of perianth-lobe ; Fig. 2, upper portion

of style showing stigmas.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

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K.A.LansdMU tin).

Plate 26.

STAPELIA GETTLEFFII.

Transvdal.

Asclepiadaceae. Tribe Stapelieae.

Stapelia, Linn. ; Benth. et ffoolc.f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 784.

Stapelia Gettleffii, Pott in Ann. Transvaal AIus. vol. iii. p. 226, t. 13 (1913).

Lovers of our South African succulents will welcome this

plate of a new Transvaal Stapelia , discovered by Mr. G. F.

Gettleffi at Louis Trichardt in the Zoutpansberg District. It

is closely allied to Stapelia hirsuta, which occurs in the

Western Province of the Cape, but the flowers are larger, the

cilia longer, and the rudimentary leaves are more developed.

The illustration given here was made from specimens growing

on the rockeries of the Division of Botany, Pretoria, but there

is no record of the locality from which the original plants

came. In 1916 a coloured illustration of the species appeared

in the Botanical Magazine (t. 8681), made from a specimen

which flowered in the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in June

1915, which was sent to England by Mr. N. S. Pillans.

Mr. Pillans’ specimens came from Palapye Road, near

Mafeking.

Description : — A succulent herb 10-20 cm. high. Stems

decumbent, 4-angled, velvety-pubescent. Leaves rudimentary,

•3-1 3 cm. long, linear-lanceolate, acute, velvety-pubescent.

Flowers 1-3 together near the base of the stem ; pedicels

velvety. Sepals velvety. Corolla 8'5-l 5 cm. in diameter ;

disc purple, clothed with long soft hairs ; lobes barred with

transverse yellow and purple lines, and ciliate with long

whitish and purple hairs, velvety on the back. Outer corona-

lobes 7 mm. long, lanceolate with a subulate-acuminate re-

curved dark purple tip; inner corona- lobes *9-1 ‘3 cm. long,

subulate, with a 1-3-toothed broad dorsal wing.

[As received from South Africa and as grown in England

the stems of all the plants seen are erect, being decumbent

only at the basal part as in other species of this genus. I

have never seen them entirely prostrate as here represented.

Locality may cause the difference. — N. E. Brown.]

Plate 26. — Fig. 1, corona ; Fig. 2, pollinia ; Fig. 3, upper portion of stem ;

Fig. 4, stem with flowers ; Fig. 5, follicles.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

2 7

K_A.La,Tisdell del.

S T REP TO CARPUS D UN Nil, hook f

Plate 27.

STREPTOCARPUS dunnii.

Transvaal.

Gesneraceae. Tribe Cyrtandreae.

Streptocarpus, Lindl. ; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 1023.

Streptocarpus Dunnii, Hook.f. Bot. Mag. t. 6903 ; FI. Gap. iv. sect. 2,

p. 442.

This species of Streptocarpus , which belongs to a section of

the genus characterised by the development of one leaf only,

was first brought to the notice of horticulturists in 1884 by

Mr. E. G-. Dunn, who sent seeds to Kew from Spitzkop in the

Transvaal.

The seeds germinated freely, and in May and June of

1886 the plants were a feature of the Succulent House at

Kew. The genus Streptocarpus is well represented in South

Africa, and at least 24 distinct species are known.

Our illustration was made from plants grown by Mr. C. E.

Gray, Pretoria, from specimens collected by Dr. Pole Evans

on Mr. Geo. Heys’ farm, Weltevreden, Machadodorp, where

it grows on rocks at the side of a stream.

Description : — Leaf sometimes up to 1 m. long and 45 cm.

broad, hairy beneath, sometimes shaggy on the upper surface,

with crenate margins. Peduncles up to 15 cm. long, terete,

pilose, bearing many flowers arranged more or less in a cymose

manner. Calyx divided almost to the base ; lobes 5 mm. long,

lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, subacute, ciliate. Corolla-tube

2-2 cm. long, pubescent in bud, becoming more or less glabrous

with age, gradually widening from the base upwards ; lobes

4 mm. long, 4 mm. broad, more or less transversely oblong,

broadly rounded at the apex. Style densely pilose below.

Plate 27. — Fig. 1, inflorescence ; Fig. 2, plant reduced.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

28

KALa-nsdell del

SENEClO 3 TAP ELIAEFORMIS, p. hill, sp nov.

Plate 28.

SENECIO ST APELIAEFORMIS .

Transvaal.

Compositae. Tribe Senecionideae.

Senecio, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook, f Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 446.

Senecio stapeliaeformis, Phill. sp. nov.

Gaudex 7-25 cm. altus, carnosus, 4-7-angulosus. Folia 2-5 mm. longa, ereeta,

subulata, emarcida. Pedunculus 2 cm. longus, simplex, monocephalns,

teres, glaber. Gapitulum discoideum, coccineum. Bractae involucri,

T5 cm. longae, 1 mm. latae, lineares, apice obtusae ciliataeque. Recepta-

culum 3 mm. latum, planum. Corallae tubus 2 cm. longus, cylindricus,

glaber ; lobi 3 5 mm. longi, -75 mm. lati, lineares, apice obtusi. Stamina

inclusa; filamenta 6 mm. longa; antherae 2-5 mm. longae, lineares,

apice appendice lineare instructae. Ovarium 2-5 mm. longum, glabrum ;

stylus 2 mm. longus, glaber, lobis 4 mm. longis linearibus. Pappus

T6 cm. longus.

Transvaal: Lydenburg. Carl Jeppe in National Herbarium, 1272. Pruizen,

Potgeiters Rust, under bushes, Burtt Davy, 2203.

The specimens from which our figure was made were

collected by Mr. Carl Jeppe in the Lydenburg District,

Transvaal, and flowered in the Garden of the Division of

Botany, Pretoria, in September, 1919.

It is closely allied to Senecio pendula, Sch. Bip., a native

of Somaliland and Arabia, but differs in the erect, angled

stems.

The stems resemble those of a Stapelia to such an extent

that it was thought to be a Stapelia when received, and was

planted out in the Stapelia collection. This species will make

a very welcome addition to the South African rockeries.

Description : — Stems 7-25 cm. long, simple, more rarely

branched, thick and fleshy, 4-7-angled, with the angles com-

pressed and toothed, each tooth tipped with an erect, slender,

awl-like leaf 2-5 mm. long, withering and becoming hardened.

Peduncle often solitary and terminal, sometimes there is also

an axilhary one on the stem, but then only the uppermost

appears to develop ; 2 cm. long, bearing one flower-head,

terete, with 3-4 of the subulate leaves or bracts, glabrous.

Flower-head solitary, discoid, scarlet-red. Involucral- scales in

a single row of 10-12, more or less concrete, 1*5 cm. long,

1 mm. broad, linear, obtuse, ciliated at the apex, brick-red.

Receptacle 3 mm. in diameter, flat. Florets all hermaphrodite.

Corolla-tube 2 cm. long, cylindric, glabrous, scarlet-red above,

colourless below ; lobes 3*5 mm. long, 0-75 mm. broad, linear,

obtuse, scarlet-red. Stamens inserted about halfway down the

corolla-tube ; filaments 6 mm. long, filiform, becoming linear

for l-5 mm. below the anthers ; anthers 25 mm. long, linear,

blunt at the base, tipped at the apex with a linear appendage

1*5 mm. long. Ovary 2-5 mm. long, linear in outline, glabrous ;

style 2 mm. long, cylindric, glabrous ; style-arms 4 mm. long,

linear, tipped with a bristly cone. Pappus of white hairs

1*6 cm. long, distantly barbellate. Fruit not seen.

[A few years before the war a plant of this species was

sent by Mr. J. Burtt Davy to Kew Gardens, where it flowered

annually, but has since died. — N. E. Brown.]

Plate 28. — Fig. 1, flower (enlarged) ; Fig. 2, style-arms; Fig. 3, stamens ;

Fig. 4, cross-section of stem.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

29.

Plate 29.

NYMPHAEA stellata.

Cape Province, Transvaal, Natal, Rhodesia.

Nymphaeaceae. Tribe Nymphaeae.

Nymphaea, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 46.

Nymphaea stellata, Willd. Sp. PI. vol. ii. p. 1153 ; FI. Gap. vol. L p. 14.

A common water plant in many of our South African

rivers and vleis, and it is not surprising that such a handsome

species soon found its way to cultivators in Europe. Masson,

about the year 1792, appears to have first introduced it into

England by forwarding specimens from the Cape to the Royal

Gardens at Kew. It was not long before coloured plates

appeared in the botanical publications of the day, and the

first of these was published in 1801 in the Botanical Magazine

and about the same time in Andrews’ Botanist's Repository.

A second figure again appeared in the Botanical Magazine

about 18 years later. The species, commonly known as the

“Blue Water Lily” (Zulu “i-Ziba”), is easy of cultivation,

and is found in most garden ponds in South Africa. Our

illustration was made from specimens growing in the aquarium

of the Natal Herbarium, Durban.

Description : — An aquatic plant with a submerged rhi-

zome from which the floating leaves and flowers are produced.

Rhizome 4-5 cm. in diameter, black and spongy. Leaves about

6 to each rhizome ; petiole long or short according to the

depth of the water, terete, striate, thickly clothed with trans-

parent hairs ; lamina green above, brownish beneath, up to

80 cm. long and 20-26 cm. broad, orbicular or elliptic, rounded

at the apex, and with a deep acute triangular notch at the

base, with entire or sometimes wavy margins, and prominent

veins beneath, glabrous. Peduncles longer than the petioles,

raising the flower well above the surface of the water. Sepals

4, green outside, blue within, 4-6 cm. long, 15-2 cm. broad,

ovate-oblong, acuminate. Petals numerous, about 4 cm. long,

1 cm. broad, ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, blue. Torus thick,

fleshy. Stamens numerous, in several rows ; filaments

G

flattened ; the outer longer than the inner, and |-§ the

length of the petals ; anthers yellow, with a long linear

blue appendage at the apex. Carpels many, inserted in the

torus ; stigma arcuate, obtuse. Fruit a many-seeded berry.

Seeds spongy.

Plate 29. — Fig. 1, torus ; Fig. 2, plant reduced.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

30.

K.A.LsuisdeIL del.

C EH OPE G I A ME YE RI dene.

Plate 30.

CEROPEGIA Meyebi.

Cape Province , Transvaal , Natal.

Asclepiadaceae. Tribe Cebopegieae.

Ceropegia, Linn. ; Benth. et Hoolc.f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii.’p. 779.

Ceropegia Meyeri, Beene, in DC. Prodr. vol. viii. p. 645 ; FI. Cap. vol. iv.

sect. 1, p. 828.

This species was first collected by Drege between the

Bashee River and Morley, in Tembuland, about the year

1831, but the species has been found by several collectors

since then. Its altitudinal range of distribution is wide, as it

has been recorded by the late Dr. Wood from the sub-tropical

climate of Durban and from Oliver’s Hoek Pass on the

Drakensbergen, which is occasionally covered with snow in

the winter months. The plant is a very ornamental twiner,

easily cultivated, and well worth the attention of horticul-

turists. The accompanying illustration was made from speci-

mens growing in the garden of the Natal Herbarium at

Durban.

Description : — Rootstock a flattened tuber. Stem herba-

ceous, twining, up to 10 metres long, pubescent. Leaves

petioled ; lamina l*7-2*8 cm. long, 3-5-9 cm. broad, cordate-

ovate or lanceolate-ovate, acute, somewhat acuminate, cordate

or rounded at the base, more or less pubescent or rarely sub-

glabrous on both sides, with the margins variously toothed

or lobed. Petiole 1-4 cm. long, pubescent. Inflorescence

2-4-flowered, cymose, sessile or subsessile at the nodes.

Pedicels 06-1T cm. long, villous. Sepals 8-11 mm. long,

1 mm. broad at the base, subulate, pubescent. Corolla-tube

whitish at the lowermost third, streaked with purple lines above,

2*5-3T cm. long, bottle-shaped, inflated and cylindric-oblong

in the basal two-thirds, and narrowed into a cylindric neck

above, then abruptly dilated at the mouth, glabrous without

and within except at the throat ; lobes almost black, connate

at the tips, 1-1 2 cm. long, 3 mm. broad at the base, linear,

pilose, with reflexed margins. Outer corona-lobes white, ascend-

ing, 1 mm. long, deltoid, acute, glabrous ; inner corona lobes

connivent at the base, then slightly divergent, and again cou-

nivent at the tips, white above, black below, 2 mm. long,

Unear or slightly spathulate-linear, obtuse. Follicles erect,

sub-parallel, 8-10 cm. long, tapering into a beak, glabrous.

Plate 30. — Fig. 1, calyx (enlarged) ; Fig. 2, corona ; Fig. 3, a follicle.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

31.

K.A.La-nsdeU del.

MOR/EA IRIDIOIDE S, linn.

Plate 31.'

MORAEA iridioides.

Cape Province, Transvaal , Natal.

Ikidbae, Tribe Mobaeeae.

Moeaea, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 688.

Moraea iridioides, Linn. Mant. 28 ; FI. Gap. vol. vi. p. 25.

This is one of the largest and most handsome species in

the genus and is frequently cultivated in South African

gardens. Thunberg appears to have been the first collector

of this plant ; he gathered his specimens near the Zeekoe

River in Humansdorp Division about 1772, but the species

was known in England before then, as there is a record

of Miller having it in cultivation in 1758. The first figure

of the species appeared in the Botanical Magazine in 1804

and it has been figured several times since. The present

illustration was made from specimens growing in the garden

of the Natal Herbarium, Durban.

Description : — A perennial plant with short underground

rhizomes. Leaves crowded in dense fan-shaped basal rosettes,

0’6-l-3 metres long, 1-2 cm. broad, linear, acute, equitant

at the base, glabrous. Peduncles equalling or exceeding the

leaves. Inflorescence corymbose. Spathe-valves 2, about 6 ’5 cm.

long, obtuse, tightly folded ; the outer smaller than the inner.

Perianth- segments 5-6 cm. long, 2-3 cm. broad, obovate,

obtuse, clawed at the base ; the 3 outer segments with an

orange-yellow keel, densely pilose at the base ; the 3 inner

segments narrower, with dark markings above the claw.

Ovary ellipsoid. Stigmas purple, lanceolate, 2-lobed. Fruit

5 cm. long, 1*7 cm. in diameter, ellipsoid ; valves coriaceous.

Seeds discoid.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

H

)

32.

KA.La,nsdell del.

KAEMANTHUS NATALE NSIS, pappb

Plate 32.

HAEMANTHUS natalensis.

Cape Province , Natal.

Amaryllidaceae. Tribe Amarylleae.

Haemanthus, Linn.; Benth. et Hook./. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 730.

Haemanthus natalensis, Pappe ex Hook, in Bot. Mag. t. 5378 ; PI. Gap.

vol. vi. p. 232.

The late Dr. Pappe first brought this species to the notice

of Kew as an undescribed South African plant, and not long

afterwards (1862), Dr. Sanderson sent bulbs from Natal to

the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, which flowered the follow-

ing year. An excellent figure of the plant appeared in the

Botanical Magazine of the same year. The species appears to

be fairly common in Natal, but the only Cape Province

record we have is supplied by a specimen collected by Mr.

W. Tyson at Kokstad, East Griqualand, 1883. The present

illustration was made from specimens collected by Miss K. A.

Lansdell at “ Stella Bush ” near Durban. It is popularly

known as the “ Blood Flower,” “ Snake Lily,” and “ April

Fool.” It is reputed to be poisonous, but is used medicinally

by the natives of Natal who know it as “ Indumbe-ka-

Hloile.”

Description : — An erect plant about 1 metre high. Bulb

2-7*5 cm. in diameter, usually globose. Stem about 1 metre

high, closely covered with leaves above and with a few scale-

leaves at the base. Leaves sub-erect, 32 cm. long, 8-9 cm. broad,

acute, narrowed at the base, glabrous, shining ; the sheathing

petiole of the lowermost leaves with reddish-brown spots, and

the margin round the apex coloured reddish-brown. Peduncle

lateral, from the base of the stem, generally shorter than the

stem, semi-terete, smooth and glabrous. Inflorescence a many-

flowered umbel. Involucral-bracts 7-8, Vandyke red to blackish

red-purple (R.C.S.), 6*5-7*5 cm. long, 2-5 cm. broad, oblong,

sub-acuminate, rounded or obtuse at the apex, glabrous.

Floral-bracts about 4 cm. long, 1-2 mm. broad, linear. Flowers

scarlet (R.C.S.). Pedicels 1*5-5 cm. long, terete, glabrous.

Perianth-tube 1 cm. long, 0'9 cm. in diameter, campanulate,

glabrous ; lobes 1-2 cm. long, linear, obtuse and recurved at

the apex, with a tuft of hairs on each alternate lobe, otherwise

glabrous. Stamens exserted, arising at the throat of the

perianth-tube ; filaments usually about 1*6 cm. long, hermosa

pink (R.C.S.) ; anthers yellow. Ovary 6 mm. long, ellipsoid ;

style longer than the stamens, hermosa pink (R.C.S.) ; stigma

minute, globose. Fruit a bright-red berry about 1 cm. in

diameter, sub-globose, 1-3 seeded.

Plate 32. — Fig. 1, plant reduced ; Fig. 2, flower, with bract ; Fig. 3, stamen,

showing attachment to segment of the perianth.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

33.

i

K.A..L ans dell del.

CYRTANTHUS MeKE Nil, Hook f.

Plate 33.

CYRTANTHUS McKenii.

Natal.

Amaryllidaceae. Tribe Amaryleeae.

Cyrtanthus, Ait. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 729.

Cyrtanthus McKenii, Hook. fit. in Gard. Chron., 1869, p. 641, with fig. ;

FI. Cap. vol. vi. p. 225 ; Wood, Natal Plants, vol. i. t. 51.

The species of Cyrtanthus , which with one exception are

confined to South Africa, have always received notice from

gardeners. Our plant was described in 1869 from specimens

sent to Europe by Mr. McKen, and a coloured drawing

appeared soon after (1873) in one of the illustrated botanical

publications. As far as our records go, this species is confined

to Natal, where it is known as the “ Ifafa Lily.” The

specimens from which our illustration was made were gathered

by Miss K. A. Lansdell on the banks of the Ifafa River near

Port Shepstone, the original locality in which Mr. McKen

first discovered the species. The flowers are strongly

scented.

Description : — Bulb 3-4 cm. in diameter, ovoid ; tunics

brown, membranous. Leaves 2-6, erect, contemporary with

the flowers, 20-30 cm. long, 0'9-2 cm. broad, linear, obtuse,

narrowed to the base, glabrous. Peduncle reddish-brown near

the base, longer than the leaves, sub-terete, hollow. Inflores-

cence a 4-10-flowered umbel. Spathe-valves 2, green, spotted

with reddish-brown marks when young, at length withering,

2 ’5-3 *5 cm. long, 4-7 mm. broad, lanceolate, acute. Flowers

sub-erect, pure white with yellowish throats. Floral-bracts

linear. Pedicle 08-1 -5 cm. long, terete. Perianth-tube 3-3’5

cm. long, 7-9 mm. in diameter at the throat, gradually widening

from the base upwards ; lobes spreading, 6-7 mm. long, 5-6 mm.

broad, ovate, the 3 outer cucullate at the apex ; the 3 inner

emarginate. Stamens sub-sessile, in 2 whorls below the throat

of the perianth tube ; anthers oblong. Ovary sub-trigonous ;

style exserted ; stigmas spreading, oblong-linear, tufted at the

apex. Fruit a trigonous capsule.

Plate 33. — Fig. 1, leaf and flowers, natural size; Fig. 2, perianth laid

open ; Fig. 3, apex of style showing I stigmas.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

34.

S Gower del,

WITSENIA MAURA, T hunt).

Plate 34.

WITSENIA mauea.

Cape Province.

Ibidaceae. Tribe Sisykinchieae.

Wxtsenia, Thunb. ; Benth. et Hook, f Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 701.

Witsenia maura, Thunb. Nov. Gen. pi. p. 34 ; FI. Gap. vol vi. p. 46.

This interesting plant, the only species known in the

genus, was first found by Dr. Carl Thunberg atNoordhoek and

False Bay on the Cape Peninsula and described by him in

1782. It appears to be confined to damp habitats in the

Cape Province, and has been found by the late Dr. Bolus

at Houw Hoek in Caledon Division. It has also been

recorded from the Tradouw Mountains in Swellendam Division,

and this year (1920) Mr. T. P. Stokoe has discovered the

plant on the Klein River Mountains near Caledon. It is a

rare species and would only interest enthusiastic cultivators

on account of its rarity.

We are indebted to Mr. Stokoe for the living specimens

from which this plate was prepared. The plant is known

locally as “ Waaiertje.”

Description : — Stems woody. Leaves distichous, about 18 cm.

long, 5-7 mm. broad, linear, tapering to an acute point, amplexi-

caul, glabrous. Flowers in terminal heads. Bracts 4-5 cm. long,

boat-shaped, shorter than the flowers. Periantli-tube 2‘7 cm.

long, brown below, becoming blue-black above; lobes 1*4 cm.

long, 5*5 mm. broad, ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, densely

tomentose with yellow hairs outside, glabrous within, with a

tuft of yellow hairs at the apex of the inner segments and

marginal hairs round the apex of the outer segments.

Stamens inserted near the throat of the perianth-tube ;

filaments 5 mm. long, linear and slightly dilated at the base ;

anthers 6 mm. long, linear. Ovary small ; style 4 cm. long,

slightly bifid at the apex.

Plate 34. — Pig. 1, plant natural size ; Pig. 2, unopened flower ; Pig. 3,

lobes of perianth ; Pigs. 4 and 5, stamens ; Fig. 6, ovary and style ; Fig. 7, tip

of style, showing the three stigmas.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

3J.

S. Gower del.

CYHTAHTHUS OBLIQUUS,Ait.

Plate 35.

CYRTANTHUS obliquus.

Cape Province , Natal.

Amaryllidaceae. Tribe Amarylleae.

Cyrtanthus, Ait. ; Benth. et HooTc.f. Gen. Plant, vol iii. p. 729.

Cyrtanthus obliquus, Ait. ; Hort. Kew. vol i. p. 414 ; FI. Cap. vol. vi.

p. 219 ; Wood, Natal Plants, vol. iv. fc. 391.

This beautiful Cyrtanthus was described by Aiton in 1789,

probably from plants collected in South Africa by Masson,

who sent specimens of this species to England in 1774. The

fact that it has been so frequently figured is an indication

that it has appealed largely to horticulturists. Jacquin first

produced a coloured plate in 1797 and the last figure we

know of in botanical literature is that quoted above.

The specimens from which the present plate was prepared

flowered in the Gardens of the Division of Botany, Pretoria,

from bulbs gathered on the mountains at Betbelsdorp near

Port Elizabeth by Dr. I. B. Pole Evans.

In Natal this plant is known as “ Justifina ” or “ Sore-

eye flower” by the natives, who use it medicinally, as

“ Matoonga.”

Description : — Bulb globose, about 10 cm. in diameter, with

a short neck about 4 cm. long, and thick cylindrical roots from

the base ; outer tunics membranous. Leaves 18 cm. long, 4 cm.

broad, strap-shaped, obtuse, glabrous. Peduncle 28 cm. long,

1-3 cm. in diameter at the base, cylindric, tapering slightly

towards the apex, hollow, glabrous. Inflorescence an umbel of

6 flowers. Bracts 3 cm. long, 1 cm. broad, ovate, sub-acuminate,

acute. Pedicels 2 cm. long, cylindric, glabrous. Flowers pen-

dulous. Perianth-tube 4-5 cm. long, 2 cm. in diameter at the

throat, funnel-shaped ; outer lobes 2*5 cm. long, 1*4 cm. broad,

oblong, slightly mucronate ; inner lobes 2-4 cm. long, 1*7 cm.

broad, obovate, obtuse, green, passing into yellow and red at

their base. Stamens arising from near the base of the perianth-

tube ; filaments 3 cm. long, cylindric ; anthers 4 mm. long,

oblong. Ovary snb-globose, 5 mm. long, about 5 mm. in

diameter ; style 7*9 cm. long, cylindric ; stigma faintly 3-

lobed.

Plate 35. — Fig. 1, plant, much reduced ; Fig. 2, leaf and flowers, natural

size ; Fig. 3, perianth laid open ; Fig. 4, apex of style.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

36

S. Gower del.

MIME TES PALU S THIS, Kn

Plate 36.

MIMETES palustris.

Cape Province.

Proteaceae. Tribe Proteeae.

Mimetes, Salisl. ; Benth. et Hooh.f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 171.

Mimetes palustris, Knight, Prot. p. 66, exd. syn. Boerh. ; FI. Cap. vol. v.

sect. 1, p. 649.

We have much pleasure in figuring this species, one of the

many botanical rarities which have recently been brought to

the notice of South African botanists by Mr. T. P. Stokoe.

Mr. Stokoe collected the specimens in August, 1920,

between Hermanus and Stanford in the Caledon District.

They were growing on damp slopes of shallow soil overlaying

quartzite, with a southern aspect. In the locality the plant

is extremely rare.

As far as we are aware this is the first record of the species

since it was collected by Niven.

The common species of Mimetes ( M . lyrigera , Knight) is

known as the “ Rooi Stompie,” and as the above species is

confined to damp habitats we propose the name “Water

Stompie ” for it.

Description : — A small shrub about 24 cm. high. Branches

pilose. Leaves more or less imbricated, 1 *7-2*5 cm. long,

7-9 mm. broad, the leaves subtending the flowers broader,

elliptic-lanceolate, sub-acute, villous, cihate with long hairs on

the margins. Heads longer than the leaves, 3-5 flowered.

Outer involucral bracts about 2 "2 cm. long, ovate-lanceolate,

acute, villous. Perianth hairy ; the limb densely setose.

Style with a dilated ring at the base of the stigma, glabrous.

Plate 36. — Fig. 1, plant natural size; Fig. 2, a single flower; Fig 3, a

single perianth segment ; Fig. 4, limb of perianth ; Fig. 5, style ; Fig. 6,

stigma.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

S . G ower del .

CYR TAN THUS ROTUNDILOBUS.n.e.br.

Plate 37.

CYRTANTHUS rotundilobus.*

Transkei.

Amabyllidaceae. Tribe Amabylleae.

Cybtanthus, Ait’; Bmth. et Hook. f Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 729.

Cyrtanthus rotundilobus, N.E. Br. sp. nov.

Cybtanthus rotundilobus ; Bulbus ovoideus, 3 cm. diametro, in collo

productus. Folia 4, ereeto-recurva, 16-30 cm. longa, T7 cm. lata, lineari-

lanceolata, apice attenuata, subtus carinata, glabra. Pedunculus circa 14 cm.

longus, teres, solidus, glaber. Umlella 9-11-flora. Bradese 2-5 cm.longae,

ovatee acuminatae. Pedicelli T7 cm. longi, teretes, glabri. Perianthium plus

minusve nutans rubro-cinnabarinum ; tubus 2'5 cm. longus, infundibularis,

adapicem 8-9 mm. diametro; lobicirca7 mm. longi et 5 mm. lati, elliptici

vel suborbiculari, minute apiculati. Stamina ad faucem perianthii inserta,

biseriata, superioria subexserta ; antherae 4 mm. longae. Ovarium 4 mm.

longum, ellipsoideum ; stylus 2-2 cm. longus, filiformis, stigmatibus tribus

minutis. — N. E. Beown.

Transkei, Wickens.

This is not such a conspicuous plant as some other species

of the genus, yet the brilliant colouring of the perianth is

sufficient to warrant attention being given to this species in

collections.

Our plate was figured from specimens grown by Mr.

Wickens from bulbs collected in the Transkei, where it is

known as the “ Red Dobo-lily.”

Description : — Bulb ovoid, 3 cm. in diameter, produced

into a neck about 3 cm. long, with fleshy cylindrical roots

from the base. Leaves 4, 16-30 cm. long, 1*7 cm. broad,

strap-shaped or linear-lanceolate, tapering to the apex, keeled

beneath, channelled above, glabrous. Peduncle arising at the

side of the leaves, 14 cm. long, terete, solid, glabrous.

* Note. Although mistaken in South Africa for an allied species, this pretty

bulb differs from all the other small-flowered species in the genus by its broad

linear-lanceolate leaves, and the broadly elliptic or suborbicular perianth-lobes,

which have suggested the specific name to me. In all the other species the

perianth-lobes are oblong or elliptic-oblong. My description is compiled

partly from the English description of Dr. Phillips and partly from a dried

specimen. — N. E. Beown.

Inflorescence an umbel of about 11 flowers. Bracts 2*5 cm.

long, ovate, acuminate. Pedicels 1’7 cm. long, terete, glabrous.

Perianth-tnibe 2 5 cm. long, 6 mm. in diameter at the throat,

funnel-shaped, reddish-scarlet ; lobes 5 mm. long, 5 mm.

broad, elliptic or sub-orbicular, with a minute apiculus ; the

3 outer lobes with a glandular structure at the apex. Stamens

inserted near the throat of the perianth-tube ; anthers in 2

rows, sessile, 4 mm. long. Ovary 4 mm. long, ellipsoid ; style

2*2 cm. long, filiform ; stigmas 3 linear. — E. Pebcy Phillips.

Plate 37. — Fig. 1, leaf and flowers, natural size ; Fig. 2, bulb and base of

leaves ; Fig. 3, perianth laid open ; Fig. 4, portion of style showing the

stigmas.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

3 . G over del.

OROTHAMNUS ZEYHERI.pappe.

Plate 38.

OROTHAMNUS Zeyheri.

Cape Province.

Proteaceae. Tribe Proteeae.

Orothamnus, Pappe; Benth. et HooJc.f. vol. iii. p. 171 (under Mimetes).

Orothamnus Zeyheri, Pappe in Bot. Mag. t. 4357 ; PL Gap. vol. v. sect 1,

p. 650.

This species is another rara avis of the Cape Flora. It was

figured for the first time in 1848 ( Botanical Magazine t. 4357) from

a painting sent by Dr. Pappe to Kew. Carl Zeyher discovered

the species on the Hottentots Holland Mountains, and for

very many years afterwards it remained unknown to botanists

in the fresh state. Mr. E. J. Steer, of Cape Town, some years

ago purchased specimens from a coloured flower-seller and

photographed it, and this year (1920) it was met with more

than once exposed for sale among the wild flowers in Adderley

Street, Cape Town. Every effort of botanical collectors to

discover the locality in which the species grows has up to

now proved unsuccessful, and no information can be obtained

from the coloured flower-pickers. The plant has no local

name as far as we have been able to ascertain, and we propose

the name “ Zeyher’s Orothamnus ” for this species.

Our plate was made from a fresh specimen bought in

Cape Town by Mr. T. P. Stokoe.

Description : — An erect shrub, 6-8 ft. high. Branches

pilose with long hairs. Leaves 1-2| in. long, f-lj in. broad,

slightly imbricate, obovate or oblanceolate-spathulate, with a

very obtuse blackish apex, slightly narrowing at the base, or

rarely the upper leaves attenuated, distinctly 5-6 nerved,

rigidly sub-coriaceous, densely ciliate when young, otherwise

glabrous or more or less scantily pilose. Heads sessile, 2-2 \ in.

long, many-flowered. Involucral bracts petaloid, 4-5-seriate,

l§-2 in. long, 4-12 lin. broad, spathulate-oblong, rounded at

the apex, many-nerved, membranous, pilose, ciliate, rose-red,

the outermost densely shaggy-pilose. Perianth-tube 3 lin. long,

cylindric, pubescent ; segments lemon-yellow, in. long,

linear, pilose ; limb 4 lin. long, linear scantily pilose. Fila-

ments swollen, fused with the perianth ; anthers lin. long,

linear, with an ovate obtuse apical gland £ lin. long.

Hypogynous scales 5-6 lin. long, linear, obtuse, brown. Style

If in. long, grooved, glabrous ; stigma 3£ lin. long, grooved,

obtuse; ovary 1 lin. long, globose. Fruit 3 lin. long, oblong,

smooth and shining (ex. Flora Capensis).

Plate 38. — Fig. 1, portion of plant, natural size; Fig. 2, a single flower ;

Fig. 3, upper portion of a perianth-lobe showing a stamen ; Fig. 4, apex of

style.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

39.

K.A.Lansdpll del.

CEROPEGIA RENDALII, n.e.br.

Plate 39.

CEROPEGIA Rendallii.

Transvaal.

Asclepiadaceae. Tribe Ceropegieae.

Ceropegia, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 779.

Ceropegia Rendallii, N.E. Br. in Kew Bull, 1894, p. 100; FI. Cap. vol. iv.

sect. 1, p. 814.

An exceedingly quaint and graceful little plant, and an

acquisition to the greenhouse.

Our illustration was made from a specimen collected by

Dr. Ethel M. Doidge at Onderstepoort, near Pretoria, and

grown at the Division of Botany. The locality is a new

record for the species as hitherto it had only been known

from the Barberton and Lydenburg Districts.

The claw of the petal-lobes are united into a single

column in the young flowers but in the older flowers become

separated.

The species was first described by Mr. N. E. Brown, in

1894, and is now figured for the first time.

Description : — Rootstock a flattened tuber, 2*5 cm. in diameter.

Stem twining, slender, glabrous. Leaves 1-2-2 *5 cm. long, 5-8

mm. broad, linear or linear-oblong, somewhat fleshy, apiculate,

glabrous, sometimes with a slight ciliation on the margins.

Peduncles 1*5-2 cm. long, slender, with 2 small bracts about

the middle, 1-3 flowered. Sepals subulate. Corolla-tube 2 cm.

long, globose at the base, contracted into a funnel-shaped

tube much dilated at the throat ; lobes united into an um-

brella-shaped canopy supported on claws about 5 mm. long.

Outer-corona about 1 mm. long, of 5 small pocket-like lobes,

truncate at the top or rising into a minute deltoid point

at the dorsal angle, inner coronal-lobes about 1 mm. long,

falcate, recurved. Follicles about 10 cm. long, 3 mm. in

diameter, terete, tapering from about the middle to a slightly

i

dilated apex, glabrous, greenish or irregularly striped with

rupple-red.

Plate 39. — Fig. 1, plant, natural size; Fig. 2, flower; Fig. 3, canopy in

fully-opened flower seen from above ; Fig. 4, side view of canopy in bud ;

Fig. 5, canopy in bud seen from above ; Fig. 6, corona ; Fig. 7, follicles.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

SARC 0 CAULOM HI G I D LJ M, schinz.

Plate 40.

SARCOCAULON rigidum.

South-West Africa.

Gebaniaceae. Tribe Geeanieae.

Saecocaulon, Sweet ; Benth. et Hoolc.f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 272.

Sareocaulon rigidum, Schinz in Verh. Bot. Ver. Brand , vol. xxix. p. 59,

(1888).

This remarkable plant, one of the so-called “ Bushman’s

Candles” or “Candle Bush,” flowered in the garden of the

Division of Botany, Pretoria, in September, 1919. The

specimens were collected by Major C. W. Lewis at Aus

in South-West Africa. It is very closely allied to S. Burmanni

Sweet A We are indebted to the Director of the Royal

Botanic Gardens, Kew, for the determination.

The plant appears to do quite well in cultivation as

specimens have flowered and set mature fruit for two seasons

at Pretoria.

Description : — Stems very stout and smooth, with a waxy

epidermis. Primary leaves with long petioles, which, after the

blade falls off, are hardened so as to form thorns P5-4 cm. long ;

lamina 1-1*6 cm. long, 5-9 mm. broad, obovate, cuneate at

the base, retuse or sometimes 3-toothed at the apex, glaucous,

* Note. — As Dr. Phillips has compared this plant with S. Burmanni Sweet ,

I would like to point out that it is very doubtful if the S. Bermanni of

the Flora Capensis and the specimens in Herbaria so named, really represent

the plant figured by Burmann, upon which that species was founded.

Burmann (Ear. Afr. PI. p. 7, t. 81) represents a plant with stems about half

as thick as those of S. rigidum, constricted into short globose joints, with

crenate (not entire) leaves and small flowers, of which he does not state the

colours. I am doubtful if this plant is at present correctly represented in

Herbaria.

It may also be well to point out that although the authority for the genus

Sareocaulon and the species S. Burmanni and S. Heritieri are attributed to

De Candolle in the Flora Capensis they should be credited to Sweet, since

De Candolle described them both as species of Monsonia under the section

Sareocaulon, which Sweet rightly recognised as a distinct genus.

N. E. Beown.

glabrous ; secondary leaves arising in the axils of the primary

leaves, sessile or sub-sessile, obovate, cordate at the apex,

cuneate at the base, entire. Stipules 2 mm. long, ovate-

lanceolate, usually ciliate, deciduous. Sepals 1*2 cm. long,

6 mm. broad, obovate-oblong, obtuse, bluntly mucronate and

shortly bearded at the apex, with membranous margins,

concave, glabrous. Petal* 2-2 cm. long, 1-6 cm. broad,

obovate, somewhat truncate at the apex, glabrous, ciliate on

the cuneate base. Stamens 15, of two different lengths ; the

filaments of the 10 shorter stamens not equalling the styles,

7 mm. long, linear, tapering to the apex, ciliate below ; the

filaments of the 5 long stamens exceeding the styles, 1*2 cm.

long ; anthers 2 mm. long, oblong. Ovary 3 mm. long,

obovate in outline, silky ; styles cohering, 6 mm. long, silky ;

stigmas 5, 2 mm. long, subterete, obtuse. Carpels 1 cm. long,

produced into a long awn densely pilose in the upper half.

Plate 40. — Fig. 1 , sepal ; Fig. 2, petal ; Fig. 3, stamens, enlarged ; Fig. 4,

ovary and styles, enlarged ; Fig. 5, transverse section of ovary, enlarged ;

Fig. 6, fruit.

F.P.S.A., 1921.

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