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THE FLOWERING PLANTS OF

SOUTH AFRICA.

A MAGAZINE CONTAINING HAND-COLOURED FIGURES WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF THE

FLOWERING PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO SOUTH AFRICA.

EDITED BY

I. B. POLE EVANS, C.M.G., M.A., D.Sc., F.L.S.,

ffifjitf, Stfaision of Botang anti plant patfjologn, JBepartment of "agriculture, Pretoria;

anti ©irector of tlje Botanical Surface of tfje ©nion of Soutfj Mrica.

VOL. IV.

The veld which lies so desolate and bare

Will blossom into cities white and fair,

And pinnacles will pierce the desert air,

And sparkle in the sun.

R. C. Macfie’s “Ex Unitate Vires.

LONDON !

L. REEVE & CO., Ltd.,

6 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN, LONDON.

SOUTH AFRICA:

THE SPECIALITY PRESS OF SOUTH AFRICA, Ltd.,

P.O. BOX 3958, JOHANNESBURG; P.O. BOX 388, CAPETOWN.

1924.

[All rights reserved .]

TO

PERCIVAL ROSS FRAMES, ESQUIRE, C.M.G.

LOVER, COLLECTOR, AND MOST SUCCESSFUL CULTIVATOR

OF HIS COUNTRY’S SUCCULENT PLANTS, THIS VOLUME

OF “THE FLOWERING PLANTS OF SOUTH AFRICA” IS

GRATEFULLY DEDICATED IN RECOGNITION OF HELP MOST

GENEROUSLY GIVEN.

Division of Botany, Pretoria.

October , 1924.

121

S. Gower del.

Plate 121.

STAPELIA FLAVOPURPUREA.

Cape Province.

Asclepiadaceae. Tribe Stapelieae.

Stapelia, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 784.

Stapelia flavopurpurea, Marloth in Trans. S. Afr. Phil. Soc. vol. 18, p. 48,

t. 5, fig. 1 ; FI. Cap. vol. v. sect, i, p. 969.

Representatives of this characteristic South African genus

have been figured on Plates 26 and 72, and we have pleasure

in illustrating for the first time in colour a species which is

unique among the species of Stapelia. It differs from all the

known species in having clavate hairs on the disc. The

flowers, though much smaller than many in the genus, are

very beautiful, and lack the unpleasant smell so characteristic

of stapelias.

It is not a common species, and as far as our records go

has only been collected in the Tanqua Karroo by Dr. Marloth,

and recently the Division of Botany received specimens from

Mr. E. Anderson, Matjesfontein. This flowered at Pretoria

in February 1923, and our Plate was prepared from these

specimens.

Description : — Stems 4 cm. high, 4-angled, minutely

pubescent. Rudimentary leaves 2 mm. long, deltoid, acute.

Flowers 1-3 together arising about § up the stem. Pedicels

1*7 cm. long, terete, minutely pubescent. Sepals 5 mm.

long, linear-lanceolate, acute, minutely pubescent. Corolla

3’6 cm. across when expanded; lobes 1*5 cm. long, ovate-

lanceolate, strongly revolute, so that they appear almost

linear, acute, strongly rugose; tube saucer-shaped, covered

with numerous clavate hairs about 1 mm. long. Outer corona

lobes 4*5 mm. long, 3-lobed, concave on the inner face, with

the middle lobe narrower and longer than the side lobes and

with the side lobes sometimes bifid or trifid. Inner corona

lobes 5 mm. long, incumbent over the anthers, 2-horned, with

the upper horn erect and curving outwards above, and with

the lower horn erect-spreading shorter than the upper horn

(National Herb. 2712).

Plate 121. — Fig. 1, surface view of flower; Fig. 2, median longitudinal

section of flower ; Fig. 3, sepal ; Fig. 4, petal ; Fig. 5, outer corona ; Fig. 6,

inner corona and pollen sac ; Fig. 7, pollinia.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

722.

S.G owe r del.

Plate 122.

ANSELLIA GIGANTEA.

Transvaal, Natal, Portuguese East Africa.

Orchidaceae. Tribe Vandeae.

Ansellia, Lindl. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 537.

Ansellia gigantea, Reichb. f. in Linnaea, vol. xx. p. 673; FI. Cap. vol. v.

sect. 3, p. 62.

This epiphytic orchid belongs to a tropical African genus

of about 6 species, and is the only representative which occurs

in South Africa. The flowers are a pale lemon colour, some-

times barred or blotched with brown. Specimens were sent

to England from Natal prior to 1857, and might be considered,

as was suggested by Hooker and the late Dr. Bolus, a colour

variety of the tropical African Ansellia africana. Mr. Rolfe

in the Flora Capensis considers it to be a distinct species,

as described by Reichenbach, and we have followed his

naming. The figure given by Bolus ( Ic . Orch. Austro-Afric.

11. t. 29) represents a colour form different from that repro-

duced here.

The plant is found in the mountainous parts of the eastern

Transvaal, on the coast of Natal, and near Delagoa Bay.

Our figure was prepared from a specimen which flowered at

the Division of Botany in June 1922, and which was collected

by Mrs. Sinclair Allen on the Lebombo Mountains in

Swaziland.

Description : — Stems elongate, terete or somewhat

sulcate, f— 1 ft. long, with 6 to many leaves on the upper

part or near the apex and numerous imbricate membranous

sheaths below. Leaves distichous, linear-oblong to elliptic-

lanceolate, subacute, f-1 ft. long, f— If in. broad, with 3-5

prominent veins. Panicle terminal, f— 1 ft. long, usually

with several branches, rarely reduced to a simple raceme,

with a few short sheaths below. Bracts triangular-ovate,

subacute, f in. long. Pedicels slender, 1-1 f in. long. Flowers

medium-sized, light yellow, more or less barred or blotched

with light dusky brown ; sepals and petals spreading, oblong

or elliptic-oblong, obtuse, about f in. long ; lip 3-lobed, rather

shorter than the sepals; side lobes erect, oblong, obtuse;

front lobe recurved, elliptic-oblong, obtuse or emarginate;

disc with 3 prominent crenulate keels ; column clavate,

| in. long (National Herb. Pretoria 2601).

Plate 122. — Figs. 1, 2, front and side view of flower; Fig. 3, lip; Fig. 4,

column ; Fig. 5, pollinia.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

123.

S. Gower del.

Plate 123.

/

PACHYPODIUM saundersii.

Transvaal, Swaziland.

Apocynaceae. Tribe Echitideae.

Pachypodium, Lindl. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 722.

Pachypodium Saundersii, N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin 1892, 126 ; FI. Cap.

vol. iv. sect. i. p. 516.

It is with pleasure that we figure for the first time this

species of Pachypodium, which flowered at the Division of

Botany, Pretoria, in 1923, from tubers forwarded by Mr. J.

Kirton, Pietersburg, Transvaal. The genus Pachypodium

differs from Adenium (see Plate 16) in having a pair of spines

at the base of the leaves, but the present species agrees with

Adenium multiflorum in its general habit. Both have large

succulent stems, partly below the ground, from which the

branches arise. In Pachypodium Saundersii the pollination

mechanism is somewhat complicated, but in what way the

various structures function in this is not quite clear. The

flowers are protandrous and the anthers all converge to a

point. The base of the anther is provided with a pouch and

the filament with a ciliated hood, and these two structures

form a cage for the pollen. The stigma lies within this cage,

and the style may possibly elongate eventually, and thus push

the pollen above the anthers, as in the Compositae. The

plant flowered freely in Pretoria, but failed to fruit, and

from this it may be assumed that self-pollination does not

take place.

Description : — Inflorescence arising in an umbellate

manner at apex of stems, up to 11 -flowered. Sepals 4 mm.

long, 3*5 mm. broad, ovate, acuminate, acute, glabrous.

Corolla-tube 3*5 cm. long, cylindric and 1*2 cm. long below,

with a subglobose base, then suddenly dilated and narrowed

towards the apex, glabrous without, pilose within; lobes

2*2 cm. long, 1*8 cm. broad in the widest part, straight on

one side, very convex and crisped on opposite side, subacumin-

ate, acute. Filament 3 mm. long, 2 mm. broad, ovate, with

a ciliated hood at the base; anthers 6-7 mm. long, linear with

a lanceolate, acute appendage 1-5 mm. long, and a membran-

ous pouch at the base. Style 1-3 cm. long, terete, glabrous;

stigma club-shaped covered with a white opaque jelly-like

substance; ovary 3-5 mm. long, with a cupular disk at the

base (National Herb. 2736).

Plate 123. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of the flower; Fig. 2,

stamen ; Fig. 3, portion of style with the stigma ; Fig. 4, the 2 carpels with

a cupular disk at the base.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

124.

Plate 124.

ALOE VEKECUNDA.

Transvaal.

Liliaceae. Tribe Aloeneae.

Aloe, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 776.

Aloe verecunda, Pole Evans in Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Afr. vol. v. p. 703.

This Aloe is another of the many species from the

Transvaal described within recent years by Dr. Pole Evans,

and it is here figured for the first time. Our Plate was

prepared from plants collected by Mr. D. J. Fouche in the

Middleburg District, Transvaal, and which subsequently

flowered at the Division of Botany, Pretoria. The specimens

on which Dr. Pole Evans based his description were found

by Mr. P. J. Pienaar on the Wolkberg, near Haenertsberg,

in the Northern Transvaal. In the natural state it usually

flowers towards the latter part of December, and the dark

red racemes are then very conspicuous. As soon as winter

sets in, the leaves wither and fall.

Desckeption : — Stem short. Leaves 8-10, distichous,

deciduous, 25-35 cm. long, 8-10 mm. broad at the base,

narrowly linear, distinctly channelled, rounded at the back,

with numerous minute raised white spots at the base, armed

along the edges with delicate white teeth 2-7 mm. apart.

Peduncle stout, 25 cm. long, clothed with broad ovate shortly

cuspidate green empty bracts. Raceme more or less capitate.

Bracts 20 mm. long, 15 mm. broad, ovate, acute. Pedicels

25 mm. long. Perianth peach-red to scarlet, greenish towards

the apex, 26-30 mm. long, 12 mm. in diameter, straight,

very markedly 3-angled, contracted towards the mouth;

segments free. Style and stamens not or scarcely exserted

(National Herb. 2743).

Plate 124. — Fig. 1, portion of leaf showing white spots ; Fig. 2,

longitudinal section of the flower; Fig. 3, outer perianth-segment;

inner perianth-segment; Fig. 5, anther with part of the filament;

top of style showing the simple stigma.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

median

Fig. 4,

Fig. 6,

125

Plate 125.

GLADIOLUS ludwigii var. calvatus.

Transvaal.

Iridaceae. Tribe Gladioleae.

Gladiolus, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 709.

Gladiolus Ludwigii, Pappe. var. calvatus, Baker, FI. Cap. vol. vi. p. 150.

This Gladiolus belongs to the same section of the genus

as G. Rehmanni, figured on Plate 20. The variety calvatus

has up to the present only been recorded from the Pretoria

and Barberton Districts of the Transvaal, but the species

is a native of Natal, East Griqualand and the Transkei.

The specimens from which our illustration was made were

collected by Dr. I. B. Pole Evans, C.M.G., at Brits, and were

found growing in deep black turf soil. The variety is also

figured in the Botanical Magazine, t. 6291, and a comparison

of that plate with the one reproduced here will show a differ-

ence in the colouring of the flowers, but Dr. Pole Evans

states that the pale yellow and speckled forms grow together

and are undoubtedly the same. The yellow-flowered form

was introduced into cultivation in England in 1877, and

both this and our plant differ from the species in being glabrous.

Description : — Plant about 1 m. high. Old corm 4 cm.

in diameter, 1-5 cm. thick, disc-like; new corm more or less

globose on the old corm. Produced leaves about 5, the

longest up to almost 1 m. long, the free portion of upper-

most leaf about 30 cm. long; all 0*8-1 *8 cm. broad, strap-

shaped, narrowing to the apex, acute or obtuse, equitant at

the base, 12-15-nerved with the main nerves subprominent

and with cartilaginous margins, glabrous. Inflorescence

densely many-flowered, almost 30 cm. long. Outer scathe

valve 3*7 cm. long, 2 cm. broad, ovate, acuminate, acute,

3 -keeled below, with membranous margins, glabrous; inner

spathe-valve very similar to the outer, but strongly 2-keeled.

Perianth-tube 1*5 cm. long, slightly curved; the upper

perianth-lobe 4-2 cm. long, 1*8 cm. broad, elliptic, shortly

apiculate ; two upper lateral lobes 3-5 cm. long, 2 cm. broad,

ovate-elliptic, shortly apiculate at the apex ; lowermost

lobe 3-2 cm. long, 1-3 cm. broad, elliptic-ovate, minutely

apiculate ; two lower lateral lobes 2-5 cm. long, 6 mm. broad,

linear-oblong, apiculate. Filaments 1-2 cm. long, terete,

glabrous; anthers 1*25 cm. long, linear, somewhat sagittate

at the base. Style 2-5 cm. long, terete, glabrous; stigmas

8 mm. long, linear, broadening to the apex (National Herb.

2731).

Plate 125. — Fig. 1, leaf; Fig. 2, portion of leaf showing ribs; Fig. 3,

median longitudinal section of flower; Fig. 4, inner spathe-valve ; Fig. 5,

outer spathe-valve ; Fig. 6, cross-section of ovary ; Fig. 7, style and stigmas ;

Fig. 8, stamen.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

S. Gov/^r del.

Plate 126.

VELTHEIMIA roodeae.

Cape Province.

Liliaceae. Tribe Scilleae.

Veltheimia, Gled. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 811.

Veltheimia Roodeae, Phillips, sp. nov., a V. glauca, Jacq. foliis ovatis

acuminatis et marginibus undulatis difiert.

BuTbus 13 cm. longus, 6 cm. latus. Folia 12-15 cm. longa,

basi 4-5 cm. lata, ovata, acuminata, apice acuta, marginibus

undulatis, glabra. Pedunculus 12-15 cm. longus, 6 mm.

latus. Inflorescentia 3 ’5 cm. longa. Bracteae 1 cm. longae.

Pedicellus 1-5 mm. longus. Tubus perianthii 2*2 cm. longus,

cylindricus, basi paullo globosus ; lobi 1 *5 mm. longi, 1 -5 mm.

lati, ovati, apice obtusi. Filamenta 1 cm. longa; antherae

2*25 mm. longae, oblongae. Ovarium 1 cm. longum, 2-5 mm.

latum, sulcatum; stylus 1 cm. longus; stigma simplex.

As we find it impossible to place this plant into any of

the known species of the genus, we have decided to publish

a description of it under the name of V. Roodeae, in honour

of Mrs. It. Rood of Van Rhynsdorp, to whom our readers are

greatly indebted for so many of the rare plants we have

previously figured. It differs in the shape of the leaves

from any of the species described in the Flora Capensis.

They are distinctly undulate.

Veltheimia is a small genus of 3 species, none of which

appears to have been extensively gathered by recent botanical

collectors. The first known species, V. viridifolia, was

described by Linneaus (as Aletris capensis) in 1751, and

was introduced into European cultivation in 1768, so that a

species of the genus was known to botanical science over

150 years ago.

V. viridifolia, Jacq., does quite well under cultivation,

but we have not yet had an opportunity of growing the

species here described.

Description : — Bulb 13 cm. long, 6 cm. in diameter,

ellipsoid, covered with membranous tunics, at the base with a

disc-shaped rootstock 6 cm. in diameter, 2-5 cm. thick, from

which the roots arise. Leaves 11 to a bulb, 12-15 cm. long,

4*5 cm. broad near the base, ovate, acuminate, acute, clasping

at the base, with undulate margins and a broad thick midrib

beneath slightly raised, green and glaucous above, densely

reddish-spotted beneath, glabrous. Peduncle as long as the

leaves, 6 mm. in diameter, terete, reddish by being covered

with close-set reddish spots. Inflorescence 3*5 cm. long.

Bracts 1 cm. long, almost filiform. Pedicels 1*5 mm. long.

Floivers somewhat reflexed ; perianth-tube 2-2 cm. long, 4 mm.

in diameter, cylindric, faintly globose and bent about the

middle, white with reddish spots ; lobes 1*5 mm. long, 1*5 mm.

broad, ovate, obtuse. Stamens fixed to the middle of the

perianth-tube; filaments 1 cm. long; anthers 2-25 mm. long,

oblong. Ovary 1 cm. long, 2*5 mm. in diameter, in the

middle spindle-shaped, furrowed; style 1 cm. long, terete;

stigma simple (National Herb. 2739).

Plate 126. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of a flower; Fig. 2,

stamen ; Fig. 3, pistil ; Fig. 4, cross-section through the ovary.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

127

S. Gower del.

Plate 127.

STRUMARIA truncata.

Cape Province.

Amaryllibaceae . Tribe Amarylleae.

Strumaria, Jacq. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 728.

Strumaria truncata, Jacq. Ic. ii. t. 357 ; FI. Cap. vol. vi. p. 216.

Strumaria is a small endemic South African genus, and

five species have been described in the Flora Capensis, all of

which have been figured by Jacquin in his leones Plantarum

Rariorum. Two of the species are recorded from Little

Namaqualand, but no locality is known for the other three,

nor do any specimens appear to exist in herbaria, Jacquin’ s

figures and descriptions being all we know about them. It

is with particular pleasure, therefore, that we reproduce this

illustration of a species of this little-known genus, and our

readers are again indebted to Mrs. E. Rood of Van Rhynsdorp

for sending us fresh material. Our plant differs slightly from

Jac quin’s figure, inasmuch as the dilated portion of the style

does not narrow towards the base and is irregularly lobed

above, but on this account we do not feel justified in keeping

it distinct from Strumaria truncata.

Strumaria truncata is a charming little plant with an

umbel of white, sweet-smelling flowers, faintly tinged with

pink (the Flora Capensis states flowers “inodorous”). The

bulbs received from Mrs. Rood are being grown at the

Division of Botany, Pretoria, and we feel sure once the species

becomes known it will be sought after by cultivators of our

South African bulbs.

Description : — Bulb 3 cm. in diameter, globose or ovoid,

covered with pale brown papery tunics, and produced into a

distinct neck up to 3*5 cm. long. Leaves 4-6, arising from

a sheath, 2*2-4*5 cm. long, 1*2 cm. broad, oblanceolate or

oblong (strap-shaped), rounded at the apex, glabrous. Leaf-

sheath 1*5-2 cm. in diameter, funnel-shaped, truncate, fleshy,

reddish. Peduncle lateral, 15-23 cm. long, terete, glabrous.

Spathe-valves reddish, 2-3*2 cm. long, longer or shorter than

the pedicels. Pedicels slender, 1-2-2 cm. long, glabrous.

Inflorescence 13-25-flowered ; flowers white, faintly but

sweet-scented. Segments 1 cm. long, 3-6 mm. broad, lanceo-

late, obtuse. Filaments connate into a tube for 5 mm., then

free for 7 mm., erect, glabrous; anthers 2-5 mm. long, oblong,

versatile. Ovary 1-5 mm. long, globose, glabrous, with about

5 ovules in each cell; style dilated, sharply 3-angled below

and united with filaments; free part of style 5-5 mm. long,

terete; stigma minutely 3-fid (National Herb., Pretoria,

2729).

Plate 127. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of the flower; Fig. 2,

a perianth segment; Fig. 3, style, showing the dilated 3-angled lower

portion of the 3 stigmas ; Fig. 4, a stamen.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

/ 28

Plate 128.

MIMETES ARGENTEA.

Cape Province.

Proteaceae. Tribe Proteeae.

Mimetes, Salisb. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 171.

Mimetes argentea, Knight, Prot. 67 ; FI. Cap. vol. v. sect. i. p. 647.

We have previously figured species of Mimetes, viz.

M. palustris (PI. 36), M. hottentotica (PI. 82) and M. capitulata

(PI. 58), and a comparison of the present Plate with the

above will show that M. argentea differs from the former two

species in the cylindric, not swollen, stigma, and from the

latter in the larger leaves and the greater number of flowers

in each head.

M. argentea, up to the time of the publication of the

Flora Capensis, was only known from specimens collected by

Roxburgh, Masson and Niven over one hundred years ago,

and it was only recently that the species was rediscovered.

In May 1923, Mr. A. T. Prentice collected specimens near

Villiersdorp, very probably in the same locality visited

by Masson. Mr. Prentice writes : “ They were found on

the slopes of the south (i. e. Villiersdorp) side of French

Hoek Peak about 3000 ft. There were about 50 trees,

3-6 ft. high, and the habit is different from most of the

Proteaceae I have noticed. I do not know how to describe

it, but it is very open and something like a candelabra,

branching all round. The flower spikes all stick straight up,

in fact it grows like the advertised type of pruned apple-

tree.” Mr. R. Hallack came across the species on the Hotten-

tot Holland Mountains, and in June last Mr. T. P. Stokoe

also collected it on the same mountain range. He had noted

the plant two years previously, but was unable to obtain

it in flower. It is from specimens' forwarded by Mr. Stokoe

that the present Plate was prepared.

Description : — Shrub 4 ft. high ; branches velvety-

tomentose. Leaves 1 ^ — 2i in. long, 1-1 £ in. broad, elliptic

or oblong-elliptic, with a subobtuse callus at the apex, entire,

slightly narrowed to the base, indistinctly 9-nerved, very

densely tomentose with adpressed silky hairs. Heads sub-

sessile, H in. long, including the styles, 7-9-flowered, axillary;

involucral bracts about 3-seriate, coriaceous, the outer

ovate-oblong, silky tomentose, the inner linear, long- villous ;

receptacle densely setose with long weak hairs. Periantli-

tube very short, rusty- villous ; segments 1 in. long, linear,

rusty-villous; limb 4| in. long, villous. Stamens 3 in. long;

filaments swollen, fused with the perianth anthers 2f in. long,

linear; apical gland £ in. long, ovoid, acute. Hypogynous

scales 1| in. long, linear, subacute, white. Ovary £ in. long,

oblong, pubescent; style 1| in. long, filiform, glabrous;

stigma 3 in. long, linear, obtuse, furrowed, kneed at the

junction with the style (National Herb. 2728).

Plate 128. — Fig. 1, a single head; Fig. 2, an involucral bract; Fig. 3,

a single flower; Fig. 4, complete perianth segment and a limb showing

position of the stamen ; Fig. 5, stigma; Fig. 6, ovary.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

129.

S. iiower del.

Plate 129.

POLYXENA ensifolia.

Cape Province.

Liliaceae. Tribe Scilleae.

Polyxena, Kunth; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. S07.

Polyxena ensifolia, Schonland in Trans. Boy. Soc. S. Afr. vol. i. p. 444,

Fig. 2.

On Plate 56 we figured a species of Polyxena ( P . haeman-

ihoides), and gave a few remarks on the genus. The present

species, collected by Mr. A. J. Austin at Matjesfontein, C. P.,

was at first thought to be P. pygmaea, Kunth, but it differs

in many respects from the published figures, and as it agrees

quite well with Schonland’ s description of P. ensifolia, we

have decided to place it under this species for the present.

Dr. Schonland, who saw the living plant at Pretoria, suggested

that it was a species differing both from P. ensifolia and

P. pygmaea ; but until we know more about the genus both

as regards the variability of the species and its distribution,

it seems desirable to regard it as a form of P. ensifolia.

P. ensifolia is a pretty little plant. The leaves are semi-

erect and the inflorescence of pale lilac flowers arises between

them. It does quite well under cultivation, and has flowered

for two seasons at the Division of Botany, Pretoria. We are

indebted to Mr. Austin for the original bulbs.

Description : — Bulb 2-5 cm. long, 2*5 cm. in diameter,

ovoid, covered with papery tunics. Leaves two, erect or

spreading above, produced into a long clasping base 5-6 cm.

long; the broadened lamina 5 cm. long, 3 cm. broad, ovate,

obtuse, with reddish somewhat scarious margins, not distinctly

veined, glabrous. Inflorescence corymbose, about 35-flowered.

Peduncle 6 cm. long, subterete. Bracts 4*5 mm. long, ovate,

acuminate, colourless. Pedicels, *35-T6 cm. long, glabrous.

Perianth-tube 1*5 cm. long, cylindric, gradually widening

above; lobes 5*5 to 6 mm. long, 1*75 mm. broad, oblong,

somewhat emarginate and hooded at the apex. Stamens

in two rows ; filaments 3 mm. long, terete, glabrous ; anthers

1 mm. long, oblong. Ovary 3 mm. long, 1*5 mm. in diameter,

ellipsoid; style 1-4 cm. long, terete; stigma minutely 3-lobed

(National Herb. 2741).

Plate 129. — Fig. 1, inflorescence; Fig. 2, a single flower; Fig. 3, flower

laid open, showing position of stamens and pistil ; Fig. 4, stamen ; Fig. 5,

pistil.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

Plate 130.

HABENARIA foliosa.

Cape Province, Orange Free State, Transvaal, Natal.

Orchid aceae. Tribe Ophrydeae.

Habenaria, Willd. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 624.

Habenaria foliosa, Reichb.f. in Flora, 1865, 180; FI. Cap. vol. v. sect. iii.

p. 121 ; Bolus Ic. Orch. Austro-Afr. ii. t. 46.

The species of Habenaria figured here has a wide range of

distribution in South Africa. Starting from Swellendam in

the south, it follows more or less the littoral strip as far as

Port Alfred, and then spreads inland through the Transkei

and East Griqualand into Natal, and through Basutoland

and the eastern part of the Free State and up into the Trans-

vaal Drakensbergen. The species is also met with in the

Pretoria District, which is outside its normal range of dis-

tribution. In Basutoland the natives call it “ Mametsana ,”

meaning “ the mother of the small water.” The spur con-

tains a watery substance which becomes jelly-like on exposure

to air.

Around Pretoria the plant flowers in late summer, about

February, after the rains, and is then frequently met with

in the veld. The plate was prepared from specimens col-

lected by Dr. I. B. Pole Evans, C.M.G., at Irene in February

1923.

Description : — Plant 30-40 cm. high. Tuber 5 cm. long,

2-5 cm. in diameter, ellipsoid, with thick cylindric roots

arising from the junction of the stem and tuber. Stem

covered with many amplexicaul leaves which pass gradually

into the bracts. Leaves 4*5-8 cm. long, up to 3 cm. wide,

ovate to ovate-lanceolate, stem-clasping at the base, obtuse

or subapiculate at the apex, keeled with the midrib and

2 lateral veins prominent or distinct, glabrous. Inflorescence

many-flowered, up to 13 cm. long. Bracts similar to the

leaves but smaller. Dorsal sepal 1 cm. long, 9 mm. broad.

ovate, deeply concave, faintly 3-nerved ; lateral sepals 1 *3 cm.

long, 4-5 mm. broad, oblong, unequal sided, slightly cucullate at

the apex, faintly 3-nerved. Petals 1-4-1 *5 cm. long, 1 cm.

broad, unequal sided, revolute on one margin near the apex,

faintly 5-nerved. Lip 2 cm. long, with revolute margins

and with two lateral filiform appendages at the base. Spur

3-5 cm. long, cylindric, clavate at the apex. Rostellum

triangular in outline, the two side lobes notched. Pollinia

sacs behind the rostellum. Stigmas separate, oblong, with

small papillae at the junction of the stigma and pollinium

sac. Ovary deeply grooved and angled (National Herb.

2730).

Plate 130. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of flower; Fig. 2, front

of flower, showing lip and column ; Fig. 3, sepals ; Fig. 4, a petal ; Fig. 5,

ovary; Fig. 6, pollinium.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

/3/.

S. Gower de] .

Plate 131.

SUTERA GRANDIFLORA.

Transvaal.

Scrophulakiaceae. Tribe Manuleae.

Sutera, Roth. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 945.

Sutera grandiflora, Hiern. ; FI. Cap. vol. iv. sect. ii. p. 304.

Mr. E. E. Galpin, who collected this species round Bar-

berton in 1889, described it in the Kew Bulletin (1895, p. 151)

under the name of Lyjperia grandiflora. The species is a

native of the Barberton District of the Transvaal, but has

not been extensively collected. Mr. Galpin describes it as

“ abundant amongst scrub on the hillsides and in the valleys

around Barberton, flowering throughout the year, but chiefly

in June and July.” In cultivation it grows to a rather dense

bush 2 to 4 feet high, and flowers profusely. Very fine

specimens are in cultivation at the National Botanic Gardens,

Kirstenbosch, and we are indebted to the Director of the

gardens for the fresh material from which the accompanying

Plate was prepared. The species should prove a great acquisi-

tion to horticulturists.

Description : — An undershrub, viscid-pubescent erect,

0-4 to 1*2 m. high; branches alternate or opposite, ascend-

ing, leafy, rigid, rather robust, the lower elongated. Leaves

mostly alternate, subfasciculate, oval-oblong, obtuse or sub-

acute, more or less wedge-shaped at the base, crenate-serrate,

hispid, scabrid, shortly petiolate, 0-6 to 3 cm. long, 3 to

8 mm. broad ; lateral veins alternate, narrowly impressed on

the upper face, hispid and raised on the lower. Flowers

racemose, numerous, 2 to 3 cm. long; racemes terminal,

simple, subcorymbose and rather dense at first, afterwards

elongating and rather lax, deep purple, 4 to 30 cm. long;

pedicels divaricate or ascending, glandular-pilose, moderately

rigid, 1 -flowered, alternate, 6 to 8 mm. long, the upper

crowded; bracts basal, sublinear, solitary or subfasciculate.

Calyx glandular-hispid, deeply 5-lobed, 6 to 8 mm. long;

segments linear-oblong or spathulate or sublinear, obtuse.

Corolla-tube shortly glandular-pubescent, 0-8 to 3 cm. long,

subcylindrical, rather slender, slightly dilated and curved near

the top; limb spreading, 2 to 3 cm. in diameter; lobes

obovate-rotund, entire or retuse, 1 to 1-3 cm. long. Stamens

included; style filiform, glabrous, about 1-5 cm. long; ovary

sprinkled especially near the apex with small glands, otherwise

glabrous. Capsules ovoid-oblong, minutely glandular, 1 cm.

long ; seeds very numerous, irregularly oblong, 0-5 mm. long.

( Flora Capensis ; National Herb. Pretoria, No. 2742.)

Plate 131. — Fig. 1, portion of branch, showing leaves; Fig. 2, median

longitudinal section of flower ; Fig. 3, bud showing folding of petals ; Fig. 4,

corolla laid open ; Fig. 5, calyx ; Fig. 6, front view of petals ; Fig. 7, ovary ;

Fig. 8, upper portion of style ; Fig. 9, anther.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

S G ower del.

Plate 132.

NERINE Frithii.

Cape Province, Orange Free State.

Amaryllidaceae. Tribe Amarylleae.

Nerine, Herb. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 728.

Nerine Frithii, L. Bolus in Ann. Bolus Herb. vol. iii. p. 79.

It is the first occasion that we figure a species of one

of the most beautiful of South African genera, namely

Nerine. N. sarniensis, known as the “ Guernsey Lily,” and

to mountaineers in the Cape as the “ Nerina,” ranks with

Pisa uniflora as one of the floral beauties of Table Mountain.

The species illustrated, while it does not equal its Cape con-

gener in the size of its flowers, is a charming little plant when

seen growing. It differs from the closely allied genus Hessea

(see Plate 43) in having dorsifixed instead of basifixed

anthers, and belongs to a small group of species in the genus

Nerine which have the anthers appendiculate at the base.

The species has been successfully grown in the National

Botanic Gardens at Kirstenbosch, near Cape Town, and was

described by Mrs. L. Bolus from specimens which flowered at

Kirstenbosch. Our plate was prepared from specimens which

flowered at the Division of Botany, Pretoria. The plant

figured differs from the description in not having two of the

lobes of the staminal cup longer than the others, but Mrs.

Bolus, who kindly examined our specimens, agrees that it is

N. Frithii.

Description: — Bulb 2 cm. long, 1-7 cm. in diameter,

ovoid-globose. Leaves present with the flowers, very often

only two, up to 15 cm. long, 1 to 1-5 mm. broad, subfiliform,

channelled above. Inflorescence an umbel of 5 to 7 flowers.

Peduncle up to 20 cm. long, terete. Spathe-valves 2 5 to

3 cm. long, oblong, long-attenuate. Pedicels up to 3 cm.

long. Floral-bracts 1 to 1-5 cm. long, thread-like, mem-

branous. Perianth-segments spreading, at length recurved.

1*5 cm. long, 4 mm. broad, linear, acute, with undulate

margins. Stamens declinate; filaments 0-35 to 6 mm. long,

appendiculate at the base forming a cup 3 cm. long, somewhat

lacerated above, with two lobes usually much exceeding the

others; anthers 4 mm. long. Ovary obovate, with 2 ovules

in each loculus. Capsule globose, 8 mm. in diameter.

(National Herb. Pretoria, No. 2746.)

Plate 132. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of flower; Fig. 2,

cross section of leaf ; Fig. 3, a single perianth -segment ; Fig. 4, a stamen,

showing position of appendage at the base; Fig. 5, anther; Fig. 6, fruit,

showing cup formed of staminal appendages; Fig. 7, tip of style; Fig. 8,

fruit.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

F Sewell del

Plate 133.

PROTEA Rotjppelliae.

Orange Free State, Transvaal, Swaziland, Cape Province,

Natal.

Proteaceae. Tribe Proteae.

Protea, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 169.

Protea Rouppelliae, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. vol. xiv. p. 237 ; FI. Cap.

vol. v. sect. i. p. 573.

This common and characteristic Protea of the Drakens-

bergen we figure here for the first time. It appears to have

been originally collected by Burke and Zeyher on the Maga-

liesberg, and was described by Meisner and named after

Mrs. Rouppell, who published an illustrated book of Cape

flowers.

P. Bouppelliae forms extensive thickets on the slopes of

the Drakensbergen, and in this respect resembles P. mellifera,

P. lepidocarpodendron and P. neriifolia of the Cape Province.

The species belongs to the same section of the genus as

P. compacta, figured on Plate 84.

The specimens from which the accompanying Plate was

painted were collected by Dr. I. B. Pole Evans, C.M.G., at

the Devil’s Kantoor in the Barberton District of the Transvaal.

Description : — A small tree 8 to 15 ft. high ; branches

villous or tomentose above, at length glabrescent. Leaves 10

to 15 cm. long, 2 to 4 cm. broad at the widest part, 4 mm.

broad at the base, oblong-lanceolate or obovate-spathulate,

acute, the younger densely villous or tomentose, at length

glabrous, narrowed at the base, reticulately veined. Head

shortly peduncled, 7 to 9 mm. long, 5 to 10 cm. in diameter.

Involucral bracts 10-seriate, silky- tomentose, deep pink to

pinky- white ; outer ovate, obtuse, recurved to revolute,

ciliate ; inner with an obovate to obovate-oblong limb,

gradually passing into the claw, shortly ciliate above, exceed-

ing the flowers; perianth-sheath 4-5 cm. long, dilated and

3-keeled and 7-nerved below, loosed villous above the dilated

portion; lip 3 cm. long, 3-awned, spreadingly villous; lateral

awns 1*2 cm. long, linear, acuminate, purple, tomentose to

villous ; median awn 8 mm. long ; fertile stamens 3 ; filaments

1 mm. long, flattened; anthers linear, 3 mm. long; apical

glands 0-5 mm. long, oblong, acute; barren stamen acute,

eglandular; ovary 4 mm. long, obovate in outline, densely

covered with numerous long golden hairs; style 5 cm. long,

curved, somewhat flattened, keeled below on the convex side,

usually more or less shortly villous ; stigma 4 mm. long, curved

and kneed at the junction with the style. ( Flora Capensis ;

National Herb. Pretoria, No. 2836.)

Plate 133. — Fig. 1, receptacle; Fig. 2, inner bract; Fig. 3, single

flower ; Fig. 4, pistil.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

7.3-4.

Plate 134.

NERINE lucida.

Cape Province, Orange Free State, Transvaal.

Amaryllidaceae. Tribe Amarylleae.

Nerine, Herb. ; Benth . et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 728.

Nerine lucida, Herb. Amaryllid. 283, t. 36, fig. 3 ; FI. Cap. vol. vi. p. 214.

This species is, so far as we know, confined to the dry

western portions of the Cape Province, S.W. Protectorate,

Transvaal, and Orange Free State. Burchell found the plant

both in Griqualand West and in Bechuanaland, and Burke on

his journey up to the Transvaal found it near the Sand River

in the Orange Free State. In habit the species very much

resembles a dwarf Brunsvigia, but is distinguished from this

genus by the obtusely angled ovary. The short stout peduncle

is also found in two other species of Nerine.

A coloured plant of N. lucida was published in 1820

(Botanical Register, Plate 497), drawn from a plant which

flowered in the garden of Prince Leopold of Saxe-Cobourg.

The specimens from which the accompanying Plate was

prepared were collected at Vryburg by Mr. A. O. D. Mogg,

and flowered at the Division of Botany, Pretoria, in 1924.

Description : — Bulb globose, 4 cm. in diameter, produced

into a neck about 4 cm. long. Leaves 6, contemporary with

the flowers, about 18 cm. long, about 12 mm. broad, strap-

shaped, obtuse, bright green. Peduncle lateral, about 12 cm.

long, compressed. Inflorescence an umbel of 20 flowers.

Pedicels up to 7 cm. long, shortly hairy. Spathe-valves ovate-

lanceolate, membranous, shorter than the pedicels. Perianth-

segments 15 mm. long, 5 mm. broad, lanceolate-linear, obtuse.

Stamens decimate, almost as long as the perianth segments.

Ovary obtusely trigonous; style decimate, as long as the

stamens. (National Herb., Pretoria, No. 2835.)

Plate 134. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of a

upper portion of perianth lobe, showing apex ; Fig.

through the peduncle.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

flower ; Fig. 2,

3, cross-section

135.

S . Gower del.

Plate 135.

EULOPHIA LEONTOGLOSSA.

Orange Free State , Transvaal, Cape Province, Natal.

Okchidaceae. Tribe Vandeae.

Eulopttta, R.Br. ; Benth. et Hoolc. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 535.

Eulophia leontoglossa, Reichb. f. in Flora , 1881, 329; FI. Cap. vol. v.

sect. iii. p. 45.

This charming little Eulophia is found in the summer

months round Pretoria growing in the grass veld, and is

fairly abundant. Like many other plants found in the

neighbourhood of the Magaliesberg, it was collected by the

travellers Burke and Zeyher. It ranges from the Maclear

Division, through the Orange Free State, to Natal and the

Transvaal.

E. leontoglossa belongs to the same small group (four

species) in the genus as E. Zeyheri (figured on Plate 119),

which is characterised by the flowers being arranged in con-

gested racemes or short heads. Like E. Zeyheri also, the

tubers are arranged in a linear series and resemble large oval

beads.

Our figure was made from specimens collected by Dr.

I. B. Pole Evans, C.M.G., at Irene, near Pretoria.

Description : — Tubers subglobose, about 2 cm. broad ;

leaves 2 or 3 in a fascicle, linear or lanceolate-linear, acute or

^acuminate, 10 to 36 cm. long, 1*25 to 8 mm. broad. Scapes

erect, 10 to 35 cm. long, with a few lanceolate acuminate

sheaths below. Flower-heads congested or rarely oblong, 2-5

to 5 cm. long; bracts linear or linear-lanceolate, acuminate,

1-3 to 2 cm. long; pedicels 6 to 8 mm. long; lip 3-lobed,

elliptic-oblong, narrowed at the base, about as long as the

petals ; side-lobes somewhat divergent, oblong, obtuse or

truncate, short; front lobe elliptic-oblong, obtuse; disc with

5 obscure keels below, papillose above, und with the surface

of the front lobe strongly papillose all over; spur oblong or

subclavate, obtuse, 4 mm. long ; column clavate, 4 mm. long.

(FI. Cap.)

Plate 135. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of flower; Fig. 2, lip;

Fig. 3, sepal ; Fig. 4, petal ; Fig. 5, column ; Fig. 6, pollinia.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

736

F. Sewe]] del.

Plate 136.

HAEMANTHUS Katharinae.

Natal, Transvaal.

Amaeyllidaceae. Tribe Amarylleae.

Haemanthus, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 730.

Haemanthus Katharinae, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1877, vol. vii. p. 656;

FI. Cap. vol. vi. p. 231.

On Plate 32 of this work we figured a species of Haemanthus

(H. natalensis ) which differs from the present species in having

the involucral-bracts erect instead of spreading. Haemanthus

Katharinae, with its spreading involucral-bracts and perianth-

segments, is unique in this respect amongst the South African

species of the genus. On the inflorescence figured was an

odd flower with 8 perianth-lobes and 8 stamens.

The species was introduced into England in 1877 by

Mr. Keith, who was then Superintendent of the Durban

Botanic Gardens. In 1884 an excellent figure (Plate 6778)

appeared in the Botanical Magazine, made from plants which

flowered at Kew from bulbs sent by Mr. W. B. Lyle of Kirkly

Vale Estate, Natal.

We are indebted to Mr. P. S. Follwell, Isezela, Natal, for

our specimen, which was cultivated at the Division and

flowered in January 1923.

Description : — Stem up to 18 cm. long. Leaves 5 to 6 to

a plant, contemporary with the flowers, 20 to 30 cm. long,

10 to 13 cm. broad, oblong, shortly mucronate; petiole 3 to

4 cm. long, channelled above. Peduncle lateral, terete, up to

40 cm. long. Inflorescence a many-flowered umbel. Bracts 6,

membranous, spreading or reflexed. Pedicels slender, 2-5 to

4 cm. long. Perianth-tube 2 cm. long; lobes 2-5 cm. long,

linear-lanceolate, spreading or reflexed. Stamens inserted at

the throat of the perianth-tube; filaments 4*5 cm. long,

erect; anthers 3 mm. long. Ovary ellipsoid; style up to

6 cm. long; stigma simple. (National Herb. Pretoria, No.

2837.)

Plate 136. — Fig. 1, plant much reduced; Fig. 2, median longitudinal

section of the flower; Fig. 3, perianth segment showing attachment of

stamen.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

737.

F. S eweJl del.

Plate 137.

DIPLOCYATHA ciliata.

Cape Province.

Asclepiadaceae. Tribe Stapelieae.

Diplocyatha, N.E.Br. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xvii. p. 168, t. 12,

figs. 1 to 3.

Diplocyatha ciliata, N.E.Br. l.c. ; FI. Cap. vol. iv. sect. i. p. 923.

When Mr. Brown first described this remarkable genus in

1880, he only knew of Masson’s and Thunberg’s specimens,

and up to the time of the account in the Flora Capensis

(1909) Dr. Marloth was the only recent collector who had

found the plant. Mrs. D. van der Bijl, of Abraham’s Kraal,

in the Beaufort West District, who has contributed several

interesting plants we have figured, sent us specimens in 1919,

which flowered at the Division of Botany, Pretoria, this year.

It was figured in a coloured plate by Masson in 1796, and

our present Plate is the first to be produced since then. A

pencil drawing of a portion of the flower, the corona and the

pollinia, accompanied Brown’s original description, and while

our specimen differs in some minor points from the drawings,

we have no hesitation in referring it to the same species.

The flower is rather handsome, and devoid of the objectionable

smell usually associated with the members of the tribe

Stapelieae.

Description : — Stems decumbent and ascending, 4 to

6-5 cm. long, 1-5 to 2 cm. thick excluding the teeth, obtusely

4-angled, with stout conical acute teeth 4 to 6 mm. long,

glabrous, green, mottled with purple. Flowers subsolitary

from near the base or middle of the stems; pedicels 1 to

2 cm. long, erect, glabrous. Sepals about 6 mm. long, ovate

or ovate-lanceolate, acute, glabrous. Corolla about 7 ’5 cm. in

diameter, smooth and glabrous outside, densely papillate-

rugose on the inner face, according to Thunberg and Masson,

greyish, with the tips of the papillae reddish, but according

to Masson’s figure, pale yellowish with a greyish ring around

the mouth of the tube, minutely dotted with red; tube

campanulate, apparently slightly raised at its mouth around

the very thick recurved papillate-rugose rim of the inner

tube, which is densely covered with stiff purple hairs at the

base around and under the corona; lobes about 2-5 cm. long,

1*5 to 2 cm. broad, spreading, ovate, acute, ciliate from base

to apex with clavate vibratile white hairs; outer corona-

lobes arising above the base of the stamina! column, connate

at the base, somewhat spreading, with the free f to 1-5 mm.

long, 2 mm. broad, transverse or subquadrate, very obtusely

or subacutely bifid, glabrous, apparently yellowish dotted

with purple-brown ; inner corona-lobes incumbent on the

backs of the anthers, about 1-5 mm. long, thick, ovate, acute,

or acuminate with the tips produced into a very short erect

point, apparently yellowish, dotted and marked with purple-

brown. ( Flora Capensis ; National Herb. Pretoria, No. 2841.)

Plate 137. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of the flower with

corona removed ; Fig. 2, sepals ; Fig. 3, corona ; Fig. 4, pollinia ; Fig. 5,

inner corona lobe showing pollen-sac ; Fig. 6, cross-section of stem.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

73 H.

Plate 138.

URGINEA Burkei.

Transvaal, Cape Province.

Liliaceae. Tribe Scilleae.

Urginea, Steinh. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 810.

Urginea Burkei, Baker-, FI. Cap. vol. vi. p. 469.

This species of Urginea is well known to the farmers of

the Transvaal under the common name of “ Transvaal

Slangkop,” owing to the somewhat striking resemblance of

the young inflorescence to a snake’s head. The plant is

extremely poisonous to stock, and in early spring many

fatalities are reported. For a fuller account of this plant see

Bulletin No. 7, 1922, of the Union Department of Agriculture.

Burke first collected the species on the Magaliesberg about

1830, but it remained undescribed until Baker published his

description in the Flora Capensis in 1896.

The specimen figured on the accompanying Plate was

grown and flowered in the garden of the Division of Botany,

Pretoria.

Description : — Bulb globose, tunicated, about 7 cm. in

diameter. Leaves about 26 cm. long, about 1 cm. broad,

linear. Peduncle 17 cm. long, terete. Inflorescence a cylindric

raceme, 17 cm. long. Pedicels ascending; the lower 1 cm.

long. Bracts small, oblong, subacuminate, membranous,

spurred at the base, deciduous. Perianth 1 cm. long; seg-

ments oblong-lanceolate, white with a brown keel. Stamens

shorter than the perianth-segments. Ovary 4 mm. long,

obtusely trigonous; style 3*5 mm. long. (National Herb.

Pretoria, No. 2647.)

Plate 138. — Fig. 1, surface view of flower; Fig. 2, perianth-segment

with stamen; Fig. 3, pistil; Fig. 4, bract.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

T. Sewell del.

Plate 139.

NERINE FLEXUOSA

var. Sandersoni.

Transvaal.

Amaryllidaceae. Tribe Amarylleae.

Nerine, Herb. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. in. p. 728.

Nerine flexuosa, Herb. App. 19; FI. Cap. vol. vi. p. 211.

Our Plate represents a variety of Nerine flexuosa found in

the Transvaal, which is distinguished from the type in having

a more robust inflorescence. It very much resembles N. lucida,

figured on Plate 134, but the peduncle is much longer and

not so stout. Very little is known about this variety. It is

recorded in the Flora Capensis as collected by Sanderson in

the Transvaal, and does not appear to have been found again

by any recent collector. When planted in a mass it makes a

very effective display as soon as the flowers appear.

The plants from which this Plate was prepared were grown

at the Division of Botany, Pretoria, but no information is

available as to where the bulbs originally came from.

Description : — Bulb globose, 7 cm. in diameter. Leaves

about 7, 30 cm. long, 2*7 cm. broad, strap-shaped, usually

twisted. Umbel about 25-flowered. Peduncle up to 40 cm.

long, elliptic in cross-section. Pedicels up to 7 cm. long,

slender. Spathe-valves 4 cm. long, ovate, acuminate. Peri-

anth-segments about 4 cm. long, crisped in the upper half.

Stamens decimate; filaments almost as long as the perianth-

segments. Ovary globose, obtusely 3-angled ; style declinate,

as long as the filaments ; stigma simple.

Plate 139. — Fig. 1, bulb; Fig. 2, leaf; Fig. 3, ero6s-section of peduncle;

Fig. 4, median longitudinal section of a flower; Fig. 5, upper portion of

perianth-segment, showing tuft of papillose hairs.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

740.

K .A. L an 8 dell del.

Plate 140.

CEROPEGIA AMPLIATA.

Cape Province, Natal.

Asclepiadaceae. Tribe Ceropegieae.

Ceropegia, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 779.

Ceropegia ampliata, E. Mey. Comm. 194; FI. Cap. vol. iv. sect. i. p. 817.

The species of Ceropegia, figured here for the first time,

belongs to the same group in the genus as C. Meyeri (Plate 30),

which is characterised by the tips of the petals being connate

and forming a cage-like top to the flower. Ceropegia ampliata

is one of the five South African species collected by Drege, all

of which were described by E. Meyer.

The plant is a twiner or scrambler, devoid of leaves at the

flowering period. The flowers are pale green with a purple

band within the corolla-tube, which is visible through the

wall of the tube. It is not such a striking plant as some of

the species we Ijave previously figured, but the purple band

on a background of green gives the individual flower a very

pleasing effect.

Our Plate was prepared from a living plant lent by

Mr. W. Haygarth to the late Dr. J. Medley Wood.

Description : — Stem succulent, twining or scrambling,

leafless at the time of flowering, glabrous. Leaves only seen

at the young tips of the stems, soon deciduous, minute, 2 to

2*5 mm. long, lanceolate, acute, glabrous. Flowers 2 to 4

together at the nodes, successively developed ; pedicels 0-6 to

1*3 cm. long, glabrous. Sepals 2 to 3 mm. long, lanceolate,

acuminate, glabrous. Corolla-tube in dried specimens 2-5 to

5 cm. long, 0-8 to 1-2 cm. in diameter, cylindric and slightly

or not at all inflated at the base, but on the living plant,

according to a drawing, 5 cm. long, globosely and somewhat

lobulate-inflated and about 2-5 cm. in diameter at the base,

cylindric and 1-3 cm. in diameter above, not dilated at the

apex, pale green, with a narrow purple transverse band at

/

the top of the inflation inside, glabrous outside, covered

inside with long simple hairs, longer and more matted at the

purple band and above than in the lower part; lobes 0-8 to

1-2 cm. long, 5 to 6 mm. broad at the base, lanceolate from a

deltoid base, acute, erectly connivent and connate at the

tips, replicate or with reflexed margins, glabrous on both

sides and not ciliate, green, spotted with darker green, becom-

ing olive-brown when dried, probably with a velvety sheen

on the inner surface ; outer corona cup-shaped, equally

10-toothed; teeth about 1 mm. long, narrowly deltoid, acute,

hairy on the inner surface; inner corona-lobes 4 to 5 mm.

long, very slenderly filiform, connivent-erect, dorsally-con-

nected by vertical plates to the outer corona at the base.

( Flora Capensis.)

Plate 140. — Fig. 1. corolla laid open; Fig. 2, outer and inner corona,

showing the pollinia; Fig. 3, pollinia.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

711

K.A.Lansdell del.

Plate 141.

RICHARDIA MELANOLEUCA,

Natal.

MARY GUNN LIBRARY

SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL B!CD vLRSlTY INSTITUTE '

PRIVATE BAG X "101

PRETORIA 0001

" REPUBLIC? OF SOUTH AFRICA

Aboideae. Tribe Philodendreae .

Richabdia, Kunth ; Benih. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 982.

Richardia melanoleuca, Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 5765 ; FI. Cap. vol. vi.

p. 38.

On Plate 10 we figured a species of Richardia (R. angusti-

folia) found in the Transvaal and Basutoland, and on compar-

ing that plate with the present one, illustrating a Natal

species, the most striking difference noticed is the different

colour of the spathes. In both species the spathes are blotched

at the base, but the leaves of R. melanoleuca are usually-

covered with translucent spots due to the loss of chlorophyll

(for further details see Saxton in Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Atfr.

vol. iii. p. 136).

The species is fairly common in parts of Natal, and is often

found cultivated in local gardens. It was introduced into

England and flowered there in 1868.

Our plate was prepared from specimens collected at

Krantz Kloof, near Durban.

Description : — Root tuberous. Petiole of leaf 15 to 35 cm.

long, furrowed on the inner surface, with soft bristles on the

lower parts; blade 10 to 25 cm. long, 12 to 20 cm. broad

across the basal lobes, cordate, deltoid or ovate-deltoid, acute,

with a subulate point, hastate or sagittate at the base, green,

shining, glabrous, covered with numerous translucent spots.

Spaihe 5 to 8 cm. long, obliquely subtruncate at the mouth;

spadix shortly stipitate, cylindric. Ovary sessile ; stigma

sessile or subsessile. Anthers numerous. Staminodes none.

Plate 141. — Fig. 1, ovary; Fig. 2, cross-section through fruit; Fig. 3,

spadix with spathe removed.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

HZ.

K.A.Lansdell del.

- *x

' V

Plate 142.

URGINEA MACROCENTRA.

Cape Province, Natal.

Liliaceae. Tribe Scilleae.

Urginea, Steinh. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 810.

Urginea macrocentra, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1887, vol. i. p. 702 ; FI. Cap.

vol. vi. p. 466.

This plant, commonly known as the “ Natal Slangkop,”

owing to the resemblance of the young inflorescence to a snake’s

head, has been recorded from the Umvoti District along the

coast of Natal, and also from the Transkei. The inflorescence

makes its appearance in early spring, and is then eaten by

stock, when other herbage is scarce, with fatal results (for an

account of symptoms due to “ slangkop ” poisoning see Bulletin

No. 7 of 1922, Dept. Agric. Union S. Africa). During the

spring months, especially if the rains are later than usual,

losses of stock in parts where this “ slangkop ” occurs are of

almost annual occurrence.

The late Dr. Wood stated that he did not think TJ. macro-

centra was specifically distinct from U. lilacina. He carefully

compared his specimens of the latter-named plant with the

former, and could detect no difference, and suggested that

the specimens described by Baker as TJ. lilacina were merely

TJ. macrocentra which had lost the conspicuous spurs, these

being very early deciduous.

Our plate was prepared from specimens , collected near

Merebank outside Durban, and cultivated at the Natal

Herbarium.

Description : — Bulb large, globose, 4 to 6 cm. in dia-

meter. Leaf single, 30 to 60 cm. long, 1 mm. in diameter,

terete, purple-red at the base. Peduncle 70 to 90 cm. long,

7 mm. in diameter, terete. Inflorescence a dense cylindric

raceme 8 to 15 cm. long and 2 to 3 cm. in diameter. Bracts

with a long reflexed spur ; spur 2 to 3 cm. long, 4 mm. broad

at the base, convolute, bifid. Perianth-segments 6 mm. long,

oblong-lanceolate. Stamens shorter than the perianth-seg-

ments. Ovary sessile; style short.

Plate 142. — Fig. 1, single flower; Fig. 2, part of inflorescence axis

showing pedicel and bract with the spur removed ; Fig. 3, spur ; Fig. 4,

stamen ; Fig. 5, cross-section of ovary.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

/43

K_A.Lansde]l del

Plate 143.

CEROPEGIA Sanders oni.

Natal, Zululand.

Asclepiadaceae. Tribe Ceropegieae.

Ceropegia, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 779.

Ceropegia Sandersoni, Beene ex Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 5792 ; FI. Cap .

vol. iv. sect. i. p. 815.

On Plate 39 we figured a species of Cerojpegia ( C . Rendalii),

which is one of a group of four species characterised by the

corolla-lobes being united into an umbrella-like canopy

supported by 5 short stalks. The species on the accompanying

plate is another of this group, and should be compared with

C. Rendalii and C. tristis (Plate 44).

The original description and plate appeared in the Botanical

Magazine in 1869, and were based on specimens sent to Kew

by Mr. Sanderson in 1868, and which subsequently flowered

there. The plant lends itself very well to cultivation in the

green-house, and is an object of beauty and curiosity when in

flower. It does not appear to have been extensively collected,

and may not be very common. In its native habitat it

flowers during the month of February.

As far as we are aware, there is no local name for the plant,

and we would therefore suggest “ Sanderson’s Canopy Flower ”

as an appropriate name. According to Gerrard the stems

and leaves are eaten by the Kaffirs and have an agreeable,

sauce-like flavour.

Our plate was prepared from living specimens collected

by Mr. W. J. Haygarth at Entumeni, Zululand.

Description : — “ Roots tuberous similar to those of a

Dahlia ” (Gerrard) ; stem twining, 3 to 4 mm. thick, fleshy,

glabrous, slightly rough to the touch ; leaves fleshy, glabrous ;

petiole 2 to 6 mm. long, stout; blade 1*5 to 4*5 cm. long,

1*5 to 2*5 cm. broad, ovate-lanceolate to broadly cordate-

ovate, acute or shortly cuspidate-acute, light green; cymes.

with 2 to 4 flowers, developed singly, glabrous; peduncles

4 to 10 mm. long, 3 to 4 mm. thick ; pedicels 6 to 10 mm. long,

nearly or quite 3 mm. thick, becoming stouter in fruit ; sepals

6 to 7 mm. long, 2 mm. broad, narrowly oblong, acute, longi-

tudinally folded, glabrous; corolla-tube curved, 3 to 4 mm.

long, with an oblong inflation 6 mm. in diameter at the base,

narrowed above and enlarged to 1-5 cm. or 2 cm. in diameter

at the funnel-shaped mouth, glabrous with the exception of a

few hairs at the very base inside ; striped with green and white

on the upper part outside and within, light green on the

inflation outside, dull grejdsh- or purplish-green within, with

numerous ribs, which abruptly terminate at the base of the

purple contracted part; lobes united into a flattish 5-keeled

umbrella-like canopy 3 to 4 cm. in diameter, supported on

5 short claws, with 5 broad obtuse slightly bifid marginal

much-arched lobes, ciliate with vibratile white hairs, its

centre distinctly depressed, with a 6-pointed tubercle above

and a 5-ribbed projection beneath, yellowish-green, spotted

with light green above and with brighter green underneath,

with the ribbed projection beneath and some spots around

it blackish-purple; outer corona 1 mm. long, cup-shaped,

not pentagonal, truncate, entire, whitish, with the margin and

at its junction with the inner corona-lobes purple-brown,

ciliate with white hairs; inner corona-lobes 3 mm. long,

incumbent on the backs of the anthers, with erect filiform tips,

recurved at the apex, dorsally connected to the outer corona

at the base, glabrous, white; follicles horizontally diverging,

7 to 14 cm. long, 6-5 to 7 mm. thick, terete, tapering from about

the middle to a slightly dilated umbonate apex about 4 mm.

in diameter, irregularly rugose and tuberculate, glabrous,

green, stained with dull purplish. ( Flora Capensis.)

Plate 143. — Fig. 1, outer corona lobe; Fig. 2, inner corona lobes;

Fig. 3, pollinia.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

K.A Lansdell del

Plate 144.

ANOIGANTHUS breviflorus.

Cape Province , Natal, Swaziland.

Amaryllidaceae. Tribe Amarylleae.

Anoiganthus, Baker ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 722.

Anoiganthus breviflorus, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, p. 76; FI. Cap.

vol. vi. p. 193.

In 1889 a good coloured plate of this plant was reproduced

in the Botanical Magazine. The plate was prepared from

plants sent to Kew by the late Dr. Medley Wood, and which

flowered freely there in the open. Anoiganthus breviflorus

is readily distinguished from species of Cyrtanthus (species

of which we figured in earlier plates) by having basifixed, not

versatile anthers. It is a fairly widely distributed species, being

found as far south as Somerset East, and spreading northward

through the eastern parts of the Cape Province into Natal,

Zululand, Basutoland, Swaziland and to Broken Hill, N.W.

Rhodesia. The same yellow colour of the flowers is found in

species of Cyrtanthus, but specimens with white flowers

have been recorded.

The species does quite well in cultivation, and in its native

habitat thrives in swampy and marshy ground.

Our plate was prepared from plants collected near Spring-

field (Durban), Natal.

[There appears to be a second and quite distinct species

(A. luteus Baker) of this interesting little genus, though

Baker in the Flora Capensis treated it as a variety. That

it is distinct enough to be regarded as a species was very

strongly supported by the late Dr. J. Medley Wood. Accord-

ing to him A. breviflorus grows in swampy ground, com-

mencing at about 1500 ft. above sea level, and is found

upwards to 4000 ft. He observed it occasionally to 4 ft.

in height, but the average was 2 to 3 ft. On the other hand,

A. luteus appears on grassy hills and plains from just above

sea level to 2000 ft., but never in swamps. During the

flowering stage it is rarely more than about 1 ft. high, but

afterwards, in fruit, the scape lengthens considerably and often

attains 2 ft. in length. These observations by Dr. Wood are

confirmed by a critical examination of the specimens at Kew.

The flowers and leaves appear to be always contemporaneous

in A. breviflorus , but in A. luteus the flowers appear first and

the leaves are very small. Further notes by Natal botanists

would be welcome. — J.H.]

Description : — Bulb ovoid, white, 2 to 3 cm. in diameter,

with a short neck and brown membranous tunics. Leaves

3 to 4, contemporary with the flowers, 4 to 30 cm. long, 7 to

14 mm. broad, strap-shaped, obtuse, strongly-nerved, glabrous.

Peduncle 8 to 20 cm. long, about 4 mm. in diameter, slender,

erect. Spathe-valves 4 to 5 cm. long, 4 mm. broad at the base

lanceolate. Pedicels 2 to 4 cm. long, erect. Inflorescence a

2- to 10-flowered umbel. Perianth-tube 5 mm. long; lobes

15 mm. long, lanceolate, acute. Stamens included, in 2 series ;

anthers basifixed. Ovary glabrous ; style slender ; stigmas 3,

overtopping the stamens.

Plate 144. — Fig. 1, perianth laid open; Fig. 2, stamens; Fig. 3, cross-

section of ovary ; Fig. 4, style-branches.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

US.

K.A.Lans dell del.

Plate 145.

BURCHELLIA bubalina.

Cape Province, Natal, Transvaal.

Rubiaceae. Tribe Gardenieae.

Burchellia, R. Br. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 85.

Burchellia bubalina, Sims Bot. Mag. t. 2339 (1822).

Lonicera bubalina, Linn. f. Suppl. 146 (1781). Burchellia capensis, R. Br.

in Ker. Bot. Reg. t. 466 (1820); FI. Cap. vol. iii. p. 2.

Burchellia bubalina is known locally as “ Buffels-hoorn ”

(not “Buffelsdoorn”), on account of the horn-like calyx

lobes, which persist on the fruit. The bright-red flowers give

rise to the name “ Wild pomegranate,” or “ Wilde granaat.”

There are also various native names for the plant.

The single species of this genus is endemic to South Africa,

and has a wide distribution. In the south-west it is known as

far as Swellendam, whence it ranges through the forests to

Natal and the Transvaal. Mr. Galpin has recorded the plant

from the summit of Saddleback Mountain, at 4500 to 5000 ft.,

where it occurs as a shrub 8 ft. high. It is somewhat variable,

the corolla differing much in size, and the length and hairiness

of the style fluctuates, perhaps due to sexual differences.

The calyx lobes are either 5 or 6 on the same plant.

No less than six different names have been applied to this

species. Of these we have, with some reluctance, adopted

the oldest, B. bubalina, Sims, using the specific name first

applied by the younger Linnaeus in 1781 under the genus

Lonicera for specimens collected by Sparmann. A better

known name is B. capensis.

Description : — A small tree reaching 3*6 to 4-2 m. high.

Leaves opposite, petiolate; petioles up to 1-2 cm. long, thick,

pubescent; lamina up to 10-5 cm. long and 5-5 cm. broad,

broadly ovate, entire, rounded or subcordate at the base, with

revolute margins and the veins conspicuous above and very

prominent beneath, dark green and glabrous above, pubescent

on all the veins beneath. Stipules semicircular from a

broad base, ending in a linear cusp which almost equals the

basal portion in length and is minutely pilose. Inflorescence

terminal, many-flowered. Calyx-tube 6 mm. long, cam-

panulate; lobes 5 to 6, 1 to 2 cm. long, linear, pubescent.

Corolla-tube 2 cm. long, inflated, puberulous without, glabrous

within, with a ring of white hairs near the base ; lobes 5 mm.

long, triangular. Stamens 5, inserted on the upper half of the

corolla-tube; filaments very short; anthers with the con-

nective slightly produced. Ovary inferior, 2-celled, many-

ovuled; style filiform, exserted; stigma clavate. Fruit a

subglobose berry, crowmed with the persistent calyx-lobes.

Plate 145. — Fig. 1, calyx; Fig. 2, corolla laid open; Fig. 3, showing

pistil in calyx ; Fig. 4, anther ; Fig. 5, cross-section of ovary ; Fig. 6, stipule.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

U C>,

K. A.Lans dell del.

Plate 146.

PELARGONIUM pulverttlentum.

Cape Province, Natal.

Geraniaceae. Tribe Pelargonieae.

Pelargonium, L’Herit. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 273.

Pelargonium pulverulentum, Colv. in Sw. Ger. t. 218; FI. Cap. vol. i.

p. 272.

This species of Pelargonium, according to the late Dr. J.

Medley Wood, was first found in Natal in 1878, and was not

met with again until 1914, when it was found on the south

coast near the sea. It had previously been recorded from the

eastern districts of the Cape Province by Ecklon and Zeyher,

Drege and Burke. The species belongs to the section Poly-

actium of the genus, and should be compared with Pelar-

gonium crassicaule, which we figured on Plate 52.

The white powdery pubescence, mentioned by Sweet as

covering the young leaves, has not been noticed in the Natal

plants.

Our illustration was made and the description drawn up

from specimens collected at Merebank, Natal.

Description : — Stem short, thick, woody. Leaves petioled ;

petioles 3*1 to 7-5 cm. long, hispid; lamina 6-5 to 8-1 cm.

long and broad, cordate, obtuse, somewhat lobed, with the

lobes rounded and irregularly and sharply serrate, 5-veined

at the base, glabrous above, hispid with minute short hairs

beneath, more thickly on the margins ; stipules broadly

ovate, acute, ciliate. Inflorescence an umbel of 6 to 12 flowers.

Peduncle up to 20 cm. long, hispid. Bracts 3 to 4-5 cm. long,

oblong, acute, hispid, ciliate. Sepals 5, oblong-lanceolate,

acute, densely and minutely hispid, shorter than the petals.

Petals 5, rather unequal, 1 to 1-2 cm. long, obovate, yellowish-

white with a purple bloch. Stamens 10, monadelphous, un-

equal ; 6 stamens fertile ; the remainder without anthers, of

these 3 are short and subulate and 1 broad and acute. Stigmas

5, filiform. Fruit not seen.

Plate 146. — Fig. 1, calyx; Fig. 2, longitudinal section of the flower

showing the monadelphous stamens ; Fig. 3, petals ; Fig. 4, stamens ; Fig. 5,

pistil ; Fig. 6, cross-section through the ovary.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

ti 7.

K.AXans dell del.

Plate 147.

THUNBERGIA natalensis.

Transvaal, Cape Province and Natal.

Acanthaceae. Tribe Thunbekgieae.

Thxjnbergia, Linn. ; Benth. et Rook,, f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 1072.

Thunbergia natalensis, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5082 ; FI. Cap. vol. v. sect. i. p. 4.

Thunbergia natalensis was described and figured in 1858

from plants cultivated by Messrs. Veitch of Chelsea, from

seed received from South Africa. A year later Harvey gave

a picture of the species in his Thesaurus Capensis (Plate 38).

The Flora Capensis does not mention the peculiar stalked

glandular hairs found on the funnel-shaped part of the style,

though Hooker accurately figured these, neither does Harvey

show them in his figure nor mention them in his description,

although he was acquainted with the drawing in the Botanical

Magazine.

The plant is a small shrub bearing large blue flowers with

a bright yellow throat, and is confined to the eastern parts of

the Cape Province, Natal, and the spurs of the Drakensbergen

in the Transvaal. Notwithstanding its showy nature, it

escaped the notice of the old collectors in Natal and the

Transkei.

The species is worth the attention of horticulturists, and

should find greater favour among growers who cultivate our

native plants.

Description : — A shrub 20 to 50 cm. high. Branches

glabrous or thinly hairy. Leaves 4 to 9 cm. long, 4 to 7 cm.

broad, decussate, oblong or elliptic, acute, cordate or sub-

hastate at the base, subentire or sinuate-toothed, slightly

scabrous on both surfaces, with the veins prominent beneath ;

petiole 3 to 6 mm. long. Inflorescence axillary 1- to 3-flowered ;

bracteoles 2, 1 to 2-5 cm. long, 1 to 1*3 cm. broad, lanceolate,

acute, prominently 3-veined ; peduncle 2 to 4 cm. long,

glabrous. Calyx-tube 2 mm. long ; lobes ovate. Corolla

salver-shaped; tube 2 to 3-5 cm. long, curved, much inflated

from near the base, sparsely pubescent; lobes 1 to 1-3 cm.

long, ovate. Stamens inserted on the corolla-tube ; filaments

filiform, thickened towards the base; anther-cells bearded,

one cell in each of the two larger anthers spurred at the base.

Style funnel-shaped above, and produced in short triangular

lobes, with stalked glandular-hairs on the funnel-shaped part

and bearded on the lower surface of the lobes. Capsule 3 cm.

long, densely and minutely hairy or glabrous.

Plate 147. — Fig. 1, showing ovary situated on the disc ; Fig. 2, stamen ;

Fig. 3, portion of style, showing funnel-shaped upper portion covered with

stalked glandular hairs ; Fig. 4, fruit.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

748.

S. Gower del.

Plate 148.

THUNBERGIA alata.

Natal.

Acanthaceae. Tribe Thunbergieae.

Thttstbergia, Linn. fil. ; Bentk. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 1072.

Thunbergia alata, Boj. ex Sims in Bot. Mag. t. 2591 ; FI. Gap. vol. v.

sect. i. p. 10.

Thunbergia alata is a native of tropical Africa and Natal,

but has been introduced into many warm parts of the world

as an ornamental creeper, and it is often called “ Black-eyed

Susan.” It was first described and figured in 1825 from plants

raised in England from seed collected in Mauritius.

In its natural habitat the species is found as a creeper in

woods, and the bright-orange corolla with a dark maroon

throat gives the flower a singularly beautiful effect. The plant

grows readily under cultivation, and makes a fine trellis

creeper, but in colder countries it requires the protection of a

glass-house.

The petioles of the mature leaves, as will be seen from the

plate, are distinctly winged, but in the younger leaves they are

almost terete. The stamens, as is usually the case in the

family Acanthaceae, are appendaged in some way, and exhibit

two forms in this species. All the anthers are tailed, but the

anther of the shorter stamen, instead of having two tails, is

only tailed at the base of one pollen-sac, the other pollen-sac

bearing a bunch of radiating glandular hairs.

Our plate was prepared from plants grown by Dr. I. B. Pole

Evans, C.M.G., at Irene, near Pretoria.

Description: — A climber. Branches terete, hirsute. Leaves

opposite, petioled ; petiole 2 to 5 cm. long, at first terete, with

a shallow groove on the upper side, at length expanded and

winged, hirsute ; lamina 2*2 to 6*5 cm. long, 2 to 5-5 cm. broad,

ovate, subobtuse, lobed at the base, hirsute above and beneath,

with the veins depressed above, prominent beneath. Flowers

solitary, axillary. Pedicel up to 6 cm. long, terete, hirsute.

Bracts two, 2-2 cm. long, 1-2 cm. broad, ovate, obtuse, dis-

tinctly keeled, hirsute, connate on one side. Calyx with many

narrow linear lobes, covered with stalked glands. Corolla-

tube 2 cm. long, cylindric below, and then more or less suddenly

widened into a tube 6 mm. in diameter above, glabrous without

and with a ring of deflexed glandular hairs at the insertion

of the stamens ; limb more or less oblique, with the lobes 1-5 cm.

long, 1-4 cm. broad, obovate, and with the margin concave

at the apex. Stamens unequal ; anthers very distinctly

tailed and covered on the face with long glandular hairs ; the

shorter anther with only 1 tail and with a tuft of glandular

hairs on the other pollen sac. Style-lobes unequal ; the

shorter in the form of a concave saucer; the upper deeply

channelled (National Herb. Pretoria, No. 2847).

Plate 148. — Fig. 1, young leaf with terete petiole; Fig. 2, median

longitudinal section of flower; Fig. 3, calyx ; Fig. 4, larger stamens ; Fig. 5,

smaller stamen ; Fig. 6, style.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

1^9.

J. Gregg del.

Plate 149.

ALOE Peglerae.

Transvaal.

Liliaceae. Tribe Aloineae.

Aloe, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 776.

Aloe Peglerae, Schonl. in Records Albany Mus. vol. i. p. 120.

Aloe Peglerae is quite a common plant in parts of the

Transvaal, and may be found in quantities on the stony hills

of the Magaliesberg round Pretoria. The species was first

described by Dr. S. Schonland in 1903 from specimens collected

by Miss Alice Pegler near Rustenburg. The peculiar lax

arrangement of the leaves is very characteristic, and Miss

Pegler not inaptly compared its appearance to a loose cabbage.

In the description accompanying Plate 107 (Aloe comosa )

we described the method in which the flowers mature. Aloe

Peglerae, as far as we have observed, is an exception to this

general rule, as the style is exserted with the filaments and

does not wait until the filaments are withdrawn, and the

perianth withers before protruding.

Our plate was prepared from specimens which flowered at

the Division of Botany, Pretoria.

Description : — Plant almost acaulescent with a dense

rosette of leaves. Leaves curved, about 28 cm. long, 5*5 cm.

broad, below lanceolate, ending in a short spine, almost flat

on the upper surface, slightly convex on the lower surface,

faintly keeled and spiny on the back in the uppermost third,

with the margins spiny; the spines on lower portion of leaf

about 1 mm. long and about 5 mm. apart, becoming 5 mm. long

and 1-5 cm. apart in the upper part of the leaf. Peduncle

solitary from the middle of the leaf rosette, about 1*2 cm. in

diameter and covered with ovate long-acuminate erect

membranous bracts. Flower spike about 18 cm. long, up to

8 cm. in diameter ; flowers at first reddish, becoming greenish-

white at maturity. Outer perianth-segments 2-5 cm. long,

t

6 mm. broad, oblanceolate, with the apex slightly recurved,

3-nerved; inner segments 2 cm. long, 8 mm. broad, oblong,

1 -nerved. Stamens at length long exserted; filaments dark

purple above, greenish below, linear. Ovary 5 mm. long,

ellipsoid; style 4*2 cm. long, cylindric, exserted with the

stamens; stigma small ( National Herb. Pretoria , No. 2846).

Plate 149. — Fig. 1, upper portion of leaf; Fig. 2, flower; Fig. 3, median

longitudinal section of a flower.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

750.

S. Gower del.

Plate 150.

PSEUDOBAECKEA virgata.

Cape Province.

Bruniaceae.

Pseudobaeckia, Nied. in Engl, and Prantl. Natiirl. Pflanzenfam. vol. iii. 2a,

p. 136 (1891).

Pseudobaeckia virgata, Nied. l.c. ; Bummer in Journ. Bot. 1912, Suppl. 2 .

Brunia virgata, Brogn. ; FI. Cap. vol. ii. p. 315.

On Plate 92 we figured a member of the family Bruniaceae ,

Brunia Stokoei, which differs from the genus Pseudobaeckia in

having the sepals united beyond the ovary and the stamens

shorter than the petals. The species of Pseudobaeckia were

formerly placed under the genus Brunia , until a separate genus

was constituted for them in 1891.

The species figured is not a particularly striking one, but

it is worthy of illustration, as it belongs to a group only found

in the south-western area of the Cape Province.

The specimens from which our plate was prepared were

collected by Mr. T. P. Stokoe on the Hottentot Hollands

Mountains, where it is found growing in very damp places

near Kogelberg. It also occurs in the mountains of Swellen-

dam. We are indebted to the Director of the Royal Botanic

Gardens, Kew, for comparing the plant with the material in

the Kew Herbarium.

Description : — Branches slender, arranged in a racemose

manner above, yellowish, the young branches densely woolly,

at length becoming glabrous. Leaves adpressed, somewhat

distant below, becoming more crowded above, 3’ 5 to 6 mm. long,

1*5 mm. broad, lanceolate, with a long black mucro at the

apex, convex and glabrous beneath, concave and woolly

above. Flowers sessile, solitary in the uppermost leaves of

the ultimate branchlets. Bracts two, 1 mm. long, *25 mm.

broad, linear, convex beneath, concave above, obtuse, glabrous.

Sepals 1-25 mm. long, -5 mm. broad, oblong, obtuse, glabrous.

Petals 1 mm. long, slightly over *5 mm. broad, oblong, obtuse.

Filaments -5 mm. long, linear; anthers less than *25 mm.

long. Ovary 2-celled, with a single red pendulous ovule in

each cell, sometimes only one ovule present; style *5 mm.

long, bifid at the apex ( National Herb. Pretoria, No. 2578).

Plate 150. — Fig. 1, tip of branch enlarged, showing flowers; Fig. 2,

portion of branch enlarged; Fig. 3, single leaf showing under surface;

Fig. 4, longitudinal section through a flower; Fig. 5, a single flower; Fig. 6,

stamen; Fig. 7, bracteole; Fig. 8, bract.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

Plate 151.

ALOE SCHLECHTERI.

Cape Province, Namaqualand.

Liliaceae. Tribe Aloineae.

Aloe, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 776.

Aloe Schlechteri, Schonl. in Records Albany Mus. vol. i. p. 45.

This somewhat rare Aloe was first described by Dr. Schon-

land from material collected by Max Schlechter at Pella,

S.W. Africa. The Division of Botany in 1921 received living

specimens from Dr. W. Borchards of Upington, and these

subsequently flowered at Pretoria.

Aloe Schlechteri is found growing on the bare veld. The

short stems are decumbent and the rosette of leaves almost

at right angles to the stems, giving the plant, when viewed

from a little distance, an acaulescent appearance. The plants

are invariably found in groups, and the individual plants are

so arranged that the group forms a half-circle or sometimes

a complete circle on the ground. The inflorescence appears

to be always forked.

Our illustration was made from the specimens collected

by Dr. Borchards.

Description : — Stem short decumbent with a dense

rosette of leaves. Leaves somewhat incurved, up to 24 cm.

long, up to 4 cm. broad near the base, lanceolate, acuminate,

ending in a sharp spine, convex beneath, flat or slightly convex

above, with the margins covered with prickles and a few

prickles on the keel beneath near the apex; prickles about

1*2 cm. apart, straight or slightly incurved. Inflorescence

branched into two arms ; the common peduncle about 10 cm.

long, bluntly 3-angled, naked ; peduncle of arms up to lower-

most flowers 9 cm. long, covered with a few membranous

ovate acuminate bracts ; raceme 15 cm. long, many-flowered.

Pedicels 8 mm. long, erect. Youngest flowers tubular, erect,

becoming later horizontal and at length pendulous and then

clavate. Perianth-tube 1-8 cm. long, widening from the base

upwards; inner lobes 1*2 cm. long, 8 mm. broad, lanceolate,

obtuse, usually 5-nerved; outer lobes 1-6 cm. long, 8 mm.

broad, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, concave usually 3-nerved.

Stamens 3-5 cm. long, at first included, at length exserted.

Ovary 8 mm. long, 3-angled; style 1-6 cm. long, terete; stigma

minute (National Herb. 2845).

Plate 151. — Fig. 1, flower; Fig. 2, median longitudinal section of flower;

Fig. 3, perianth -segments ; Fig. 4, stamen ; Fig. 5, style.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

rsz.

S . G ovrer del*

Plate 152.

MONTBRETIA crocosmaeflora.

Transvaal.

Iridaceae. Tribe Ixieae.

Montbretia crocosmaeflora, Hort.\ Flor. Mag. n.s. t. 472; FI. Cap.

vol. vi. p. 129.

This plant, commonly seen in South African gardens, is

a hybrid between Tritonia Pottsii and Crocosmia aurea, and

was described from plants which flowered at the Royal

Botanic Gardens, Kew, in August 1889. As the plant has

been described under the generic name of Montbretia in the

Flora Capensis we retain the combination here.

The plant blooms in Pretoria during the month of April,

and furnishes a good supply of cut flowers during a time

when they are scarce. Our illustration was made from

specimens flowering at the Division of Botany, Pretoria.

Description : — Corm 2*5 cm. in diameter, almost spherical,

sending out lateral rhizomes. Leaves arranged up the stem

in a fan-like manner, 6 to 7 on each side, up to 30 cm. long,

•8 to 1 cm. broad, linear, acute, equitant at the base, with

the midrib prominent and the lateral veins evident in fresh

specimens, glabrous. Peduncle up to 25 cm. long, 7- to 10-

ribbed (almost narrowly winged), glabrous. Inflorescence a

lax panicle of 3 to 4 spikes. Spikes 4 to 5 cm. long, 4- to 6-

flowered. Spathe-valves 8 mm. long, ovate, acuminate, brown,

membranous. Perianth-tube 1*5 cm. long, 4 mm. in diameter

above, gradually narrowing below ; lobes 2*8 cm. long, 9 mm.

broad, oblong, obtuse, somewhat unequal. Stamens fixed in

the upper portion of the perianth-tube.; filaments 2-2 mm.

long, terete; anthers 8 mm. long, linear, versatile. Ovary

6 mm. long, ellipsoid ; style 3 cm. long, terete ; style-branches

1 mm. long, bifid and papillose at the apex. Fruit 9 mm. in

diameter, globose, obtusely 3-angled, several seeds in each

cell (National Herb. 2848).

Plate 152. — Fig. 1, corm showing rhizomes; Fig. 2, median longitudinal

section of a flower ; Fig. 3, spathe-valves ; Fig. 4, stamen ; Fig. 5, upper

part of style; Fig. 6, fruits.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

153.

S. Gower del.

Plate 153.

OXALIS LUPINIFOLIUS.

Cape Province.

OXALIDAQEAE-

Oxalis, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 276.

Oxalis lupinifolius, Jacq. Oxal. t. 72 ; FI. Cap. vol. i. p. 348.

This beautiful little Oxalis belongs to a small group of

about eight species which are characterised by having the

leaves digitately 5- to 19-foliate, and in some respects these

species are more showy than many of the others.

The genus as a whole is essentially characteristic of the

south-western portion of the Cape Province, but scattered

species are found in various parts of the Union. Species of

Oxalis are also abundant in South America, where some of

them form tall shrubs.

Heterostylism, i. e. the different relative lengths of the

stamens and styles, is found in the genus. In some flowers

the styles exceed the stamens, while in others the stamens

are longer than the styles. This arrangement of the sexual

organs ensures that cross-pollination will take place.

Our plate was prepared from specimens grown at the

Division of Botany, Pretoria, from corms presented by

Dr. C. L. Leipoldt, who collected them at Pakhuis in the

Clanwilliam Division. According to Dr. Leipoldt the corms

are edible.

Description : — Internodes very short, so that the leaves

appear more or less in a rosette. Leaves digitately 3- to

6-fohate ; petioles 3 to 9 cm. long, 4 to 5 mm. broad, flattened

glabrous; the shorter petioles very distinctly winged; the

longer petioles not so evidently winged ; leaflets up to 3*5 cm.

long, 1-8 cm. broad, obovate, cuneate, rounded at the apex,

glabrous, punctate beneath. Pedicels 1 to 6 cm. long, terete,

glabrous. Bracts 2, 4 mm. long, linear. Sepals 6 mm. long,

2 mm. broad, oblong, obtuse, with membranous margins.

glabrous. Corolla-tube 7 mm. long, 5 mm. in diameter above,

campanulate; lobes 1*5 cm. long, 1 cm. broad, obovate.

Stamens unequal; longer stamens 6-5 mm. long, subterete,

pubescent, with an appendage on the back; shorter stamens

3-5 mm. long, similar to the longer, but without the appen-

dage; anthers oblong. Ovary 1-5 mm. long, 1 mm. in

diameter, ellipsoid, glabrous ; styles 1 mm. long ; stigmas

penicillate.

Plate 153. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of flower ; Fig. 2, calyx ;

Fig. 3, androccium ; Fig. 4, pistil of long-styled flower ; Fig. 5. pistil of sbort-

styled flower.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

75/r

S. Gower del.

Plate 154.

COTYLEDON Wickensii.

Transvaal.

Crasstjlaceae.

Cotyledon, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 658.

Cotyledon Wickensii, Schonl. in Records Albany Museum, vol. iii. p. 141.

The Pillansii group of Cotyledon as defined by Dr. Schon-

land includes species with a suffructicose, mostly robust

habit, with the lobes of the corolla usually longer than the

tube, glandular flowers, and with a tuft of hairs at the base

of the filaments where they join the corolla. The species

figured here was collected by Mr. J. Wickens and Dr. I. B.

Pole Evans, C.M.G., on stony kopjes at Smit’s Drift, in the

Pietersburg District of the northern Transvaal.

It is well adapted for rockeries, and flowers profusely

during the mid-winter months of June and July. The species

has been established in the rockeries of the Union Building

gardens at Pretoria, and is doing remarkably well.

Our plate was prepared from specimens growing at the

Division of Botany, Pretoria.

Description : — A tall herbaceous shrub up to 2 m. high.

Stems somewhat fleshy, glabrous. Leaves 8-5 to 11 cm. long,

2’5 cm. broad, lanceolate, acute, or sometimes rounded,

distinctly narrowed to the base into a terete portion, flat

above, slightly convex beneath, glabrous and covered with

a glaucous bloom. Inflorescence cymose, 12- to 15-flowered

at the end of a naked peduncle. Peduncle up to 30 cm.

long, terete, 6 mm. in diameter. Pedicels 1*5 to 3 cm. long,

terete, densely covered with glandular hairs, expanded and

disc-like above. Sepals 8 mm. long, 4 mm. broad, ovate,

obtuse, glandular-pubescent. Petals persistent. Corolla-tube

2 mm. long, gibbous at the base between the petals, glandular

hispid; lobes 2 cm. long, 2 mm. broad, oblong-linear, with

a small blunt apiculus, glandular-hispid, especially on the

margins. Stamens equal; filaments 2-2 cm. long, terete,

with reflexed hairs at the base; anthers ovate or almost

orbicular. Carpels a little shorter than the stamens. Glands

at base of each carpel, 3 mm. long, 1-5 mm. broad, oblong,

truncate, projecting into the cavity at base of the petals.

Plate 154. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of flower; Fig. 2,

longitudinal section of flower with pistil removed ; Fig. 3, carpels showing

glands at the base ; Fig. 4, stamen ; Fig. 5, cross-section of leaf.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

u

ISS.

Plate 155.

ALOE PETEICOLA.

Transvaal.

Liuaceae. Tribe Aloineae.

Aloe, Linn. ; Benth. et HooJc. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 776.

Aloe petricola, Pole Evans in Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Afr. vol. v. p. 707.

This Aloe was first collected and photographed by Dr. Pole

Evans at Nelspruit in September 1905. In the Nelspruit

Valley (Barberton District) the plant is found chiefly on the

granite outcrops, and in similar localities at Eland’s Hoek

and in the Kaap Valley, where it was collected by Mr. Geo.

Thorncroft. Like most of our Transvaal aloes, it flowers

in mid-winter (July), and the flowering period extends well

into August. Aloe petricola is one of the stemless species,

and the bicoloured inflorescence makes it quite a striking plant

in the rockery. In the oldest flowers the filaments contract

within the perianth, and the style then becomes exserted.

Our plate was prepared from specimens which flowered

at the Division of Botany, Pretoria.

Description : — Leaves 34 cm. long, 8 cm. broad at the

base, lanceolate, acuminate, ending in a short spine, concave

on the upper surface, convex on the lower, with spines along the

margins and 1 to 3 spines on the back near the apex ; spines

about -2 mm. long and 1-5 cm. apart. Inflorescence forked;

peduncle bearing the inflorescence about 20 cm. long, L2 cm.

in diameter, terete, bearing ovate acuminate membranous

bracts; flowers in a dense spike about 21 cm. long, 6 cm.

in diameter, all reflexed, at first red, later becoming greenish-

white, with dark green bands. Floral bracts membranous,

reflexed, 1*5 cm. long, 5 mm. broad at the base, ovate, cuspi-

date, 5-nerved. Outer perianth-segments 2-5 cm. long, 6 mm.

broad, lanceolate, obtuse, distinctly 3-nerved (faintly 5-

nerved) ; inner segments 2-3 cm. long, 9 mm. broad, somewhat

keeled, 3-nerved. Filaments 2’5 cm. long, broadest in the

middle and tapering to the base and apex, dark purple above,

greenish-white below; anthers 3 mm. long with dark yellow

pollen. Ovary 5 mm. long, cylindric ; style 2 cm. long,

cylindric ; stigma minute.

Plate 155. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of flower; Fig. 2,

bud ; Fig. 3, perianth -segments ; Fig. 4, stamen.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

/.56.

S. Gower del

Plate 156.

CRASSULA PORTULACEA.

Cape Province.

Crassulaceae.

Crassula, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 657.

Crassula portulacea, Lam. Diet. ii. p. 172; FI. Cap. vol. ii. p. 337.

This species of Crassula is somewhat related to C. falcata,

figured on Plate 12, but differs in its more shrubby habit.

It belongs to the section Latifoliae of the genus, which contains

three species, all succulent branching shrubs, with broad flat

fleshy leaves.

Crassula portulacea is a large much-branched shrub up

to 10 to 12 ft. high, and is found in the south-eastern parts

of the Cape Province, in the coastal districts from Montagu

to Port Elizabeth.

Our plate was prepared from plants flowering in the

rockeries at the Division of Botany, Pretoria. Here it forms

a small, more or less compact shrub about 2 ft. high, and

flowers very profusely. The flowers appear during the winter

months, and when in full bloom the plant makes a very

effective show on the rockery.

Description : — Branches succulent. Leaves up to 5 cm.

long, 3 cm. broad, obovate, rounded at the apex, produced

into a short broad petiole, articulated to the branches,

glabrous. Inflorescence terminal, in large lax cymose panicles.

Calyx campanulate, with very short lobes. Petals 1 cm.

long, 2*5 mm. broad, oblong, with a small apiculus at the

apex. Stamens 5, alternating with the petals; filaments

5-5 mm. long, linear, tapering upwards ; anthers more or less

crescent-shaped. Hypogynous glands oblong, rounded above.

Carpels 5, free; ovary ellipsoid; style 3 mm. long, terete;

stigma small, capitate.

Plate 156. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of flower; Fig. 2, a

single carpel; Fig. 3, stamen; Fig. 4, hypogynous gland.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

S - Gower del

Plate 157.

EUPHORBIA Cooperi.

Natal and Transvaal.

Euphorbiaceae. Tribe Euphoebieae.

Euphorbia, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 258.

Euphorbia Cooperi, N.E. Br. ex Berger, Sukk. Euphorb. 83 and 84, Fig. 21 ;

FI. Cap. vol. v. sect. 2, p. 368.

The genus Euphorbia is represented in South Africa by

one hundred and eighty-three species, and we figure a repre-

sentative of this genus for the first time. The genus contains

many species which are of economic value as stock-food plants

in the drier parts of the country, and among these may be

mentioned E. esculenta, Marl. (Vingerpol), E. brachiaia, E.

Mey. (Soet or Blou Melkbos), E. coerulescens , Haw. (Soet

Noorsdoring), and several other species which are commonly

known as “ Noorsdoring.”

The species figured here is one of the arborescent members

of the family, and is found in Natal and in the Rustenburg

and Piet Potgieter’s Rust Districts of the Transvaal. It is

easily recognised by the continuous horny margins on the

stems.

The plant when cut exudes a copious milky juice, which is

a skin irritant, and which also causes a burning sensation in

the throat if the air is inhaled when standing in close proximity

to a bleeding plant.

Our plate was prepared from a plant growing at the

Division of Botany, Pretoria.

Description : — A succulent leafless spiny tree, 10 to 15 ft.

high; trunk becoming naked and cylindric below, 15 to

20 cm. thick; branches ascending, curved at their basal

part, 5- to 6-angled, deeply constricted into conic-ovate or

somewhat heart-shaped segments 5 to 15 cm. long, and 4 to

7*5 cm. in diameter, with the small central solid part not more

than 2 to 2-5 cm. thick in the younger branches, glabrous;

angles wing-like, with triangular channels 2 to 4 cm. deep

between them, their margins with a continuous horny nearly

even grey border. Leaves rudimentary, scale-like, about

1 mm. long and 2 mm. broad, transverse, apiculate; spines

3 to 8 mm. long, in pairs 6 to 18 mm. apart, widely diverging,

grey, with blackish tips ; flowering-eyes 3 to 8 mm. above the

spine-pairs; cymes 1 to 3 from the same eye, sessile, each

with 3 involucres, glabrous. Bracts about 3 mm. long and

4 mm. broad, rounded, concave, usually minutely denticulate ;

involucres all sessile and the middle one male, lateral fertile,

5 to 6 mm. in diameter, cup-shaped, glabrous, with 5 glands

and 5 erect short transversely rectangular fringed lobes;

glands contiguous, 3 mm. in their greater diameter, narrowly

transverse oblong, very minutely rugulose on the upper sur-

face ; capsule about 6 mm. long and 9 to 12 mm. in diameter,

exserted on a stout pedicel, curved to one side, deeply 3-lobed

seen from above, with laterally compressed lobes, glabrous,

dark purple on the apex and along the angles, having a

somewhat fleshy calyx at its base, with 3 deltoid-ovate acute

lobes about 2 mm. long; cell-walls about 0-5 mm. thick,

woody. Styles 2 mm. long, united for two-thirds of their

length, with spreading arms, bifid at the apex; seeds 3 mm.

in diameter, globose, with a raised line in a very slight furrow

on one side, and a small pit at one end, light grey.

Plate 157. — Fig. 1, cross section of stem; Fig. 2, inflorescence; Fig. 3,

male flowers ; Fig. 4, male flower with fringed lobe ; Fig. 5, gynaecium of

female flower.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

S. Gower del.

Plate 158.

LACHENALIA pendula.

Cape Province.

Liliaceae. Tribe Scelleae.

Lachenalia, Jacq. ; Benth. et. Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 807.

Lachenalia pendula, Ait. Hort. Kew. vol. i. p. 461 ; edit. 2, vol. ii. p. 288;

FI. Cap. vol. vi. p. 423.

This species of Lachenalia was amongst some of the earliest

of the Cape introductions into the Royal Botanic Gardens at

Kew, having been sent by Masson in 1774. About the same

time, or probably earlier, it was introduced into the gardens

of Holland, and was eventually imported into England from

Holland. In 1801 an excellent figure appeared in the

Botanical Magazine (Plate 590).

Lachenalia pendula is a robust species of the genus, and

is easily cultivated. It flowers freely under cultivation, and

makes a very effective display.

Our plate was prepared from specimens grown by Dr.

I. B. Pole Evans, C.M.G., from bulbs supplied by Lady

Smartt.

Description : — Bulb globose, 3-5 cm. in diameter, covered

with thin membranous white tunics. Leaves 2, clasping the

base of the stem, up to 16 cm. long, up to 6 cm. broad below

the middle, ovate, bluntly apiculate. Peduncle (including

the flowers) up to 27 cm. long, 8 mm. in diameter, terete.

Bracts small, broadly ovate, membranous. Pedicels 6 mm.

long. Flowers arising from small pockets on the peduncle,

first almost erect, then horizontal and at length pendulous.

Perianth-tube slightly gibbous and oblique at the base ; outer

segments 3-3 cm. long, 7 mm. broad, oblong-linear, obtuse,

with an outstanding ridge on the back near the apex, of one

-only; inner segments longer than the outer, 3-5 cm. long,

1 cm. broad near the apex, obovate-oblong, almost truncate

at the apex. Stamens of two different lengths; the longer

equalling the inner perianth-segments; the shorter slightly

included; filaments terete, glabrous; anthers oblong. Ovary

5 mm. long, ellipsoid ; style slightly exceeding the longer

stamens, minutely capitate at the apex.

Plate 158. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of a flower; Fig. 2,

part of outer perianth-segment showing transverse ridge; Fig. 3, part of

inner perianth-segment ; Fig. 4, stamen ; Fig. 5, upper portion of style ;

Fig. 6, ovary; Fig. 7, portion of peduncle with bracts and pockets from

which the flowers arise.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

S. Gower del.

Plate 159.

CYRTANTHUS Galpinii.

Transvaal.

Amaryllidaceae. Tribe Amarylleae.

Cyrtanthus, Ait. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 729.

Cyrtanthus Galpinii, Baker in Kew Bull. 1892, p. 83 ; FI. Cap. vol. vi. p. 227.

We have pleasure in figuring for the first time this charm-

ing little Cyrtanthus from the Barberton District of the

Transvaal. According to Mr. G. J. Hofmeyr, B.Sc., of the

Forest Department, who collected the flowers, the plants are

found growing in long grass at Kaapse Hoop. The plant is

subsocial, and forms conspicuous pink patches in the veld.

Mr. Hofmeyr informs us that the flowers at Barberton are

scarlet, and not alizams pink (R. C. S), as in the Kaapse Hoop

plants.

The species was first collected by Mr. E. E. Galpin, F.L.S.,

amongst rocks on Berea Ridge, near Barberton, in 1889.

He describes the flowers as scarlet, dusted with gold. It

flowers during the months of July and August.

C. Galpini falls into the same section of the genus as

C. helictus, which we figured on Plate 99.

Our plate was partly prepared from Galpin’s specimens

( Galpin 409) and partly from living flowers collected by

Mr. Hofmeyr.

Description : — Bulb ovoid, 2-5 to 3 mm. in diameter.

Leaves appearing before the flowers, up to 8 cm. long, 2 mm.

broad above, narrowing to a filiform portion below, with a

single rib, glabrous. Peduncle 10 to 19 cm. long, 3 mm. in

diameter, terete, very gradually narrowing upwards. Bracts

2-5 to 3 cm. long, scarious, linear, acuminate. Flowers soli-

tary, more rarely 2-nate. Perianth-tube with a narrow-

cylindric lower portion 1*5 cm. long, broadening out into a

funnel-shaped portion 2 cm. long and T3 cm. in diameter

at the throat; lobes 2 cm. long, 7 to 9 mm. broad, oblong,

bluntly apiculate, with a very small tuft of glandular hairs

on the apex of three of them. Stamens all arising from the

base of the widened portion of the perianth-tube; filaments

of unequal lengths and attached to the perianth-tube for

different distances, giving the stamens the appearance of

being in two rows; anthers oblong, versatile. Ovary 5 mm.

long, ellipsoid; style 3*8 cm. long, filiform; stigmas 3 mm.

long, recurved, papillose on the upper side.

Plate 159. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of a flower; Fig. 2,

portion of a perianth lobe showing apiculus and tuft of glandular hairs.

Fig. 3, ovary.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

760.

S. Gower del

Plate 160.

ALOE CHORTOLIRIOIDES.

Transvaal.

Liliaceae. Tribe Aloineae.

Aloe, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 776.

Aloe chortolirioides, Berger in Engl. Pflanzenreich, Liliac- Asphodel- Aloin.

171 (1908).

This graceful little Aloe, so far as we are aware, is confined

to the Barberton District of the Transvaal. The plant has a

very different habit from most species in the genus, inasmuch

as it grows in large tufts, and the short stem, covered with

the membranous leaf-bases, very much resembles that of a

Vellozia.

We are indebted to Mr. Geo. Thorncroft of Barberton

for the specimens from which the plate was prepared.

Description : — Stems tufted, covered with the remains of

the leaf-bases ; leaves 10 to 20 cm. long, linear from a dilated

base, channelled, with the margins lined with small spines.

Peduncle 16 cm. long, bearing, almost to the base, membranous

ovate awned bracts. Floral-bracts 1*4 cm. long, mem-

branous, ovate, long-acuminate, distinctly veined. Pedicels

articulating at the apex and persistent. Perianth 3 cm. long,

with a cylindric tube and 1-nerved lobes. Stamens exserted.

Style 4 cm. long, filiform, long-exserted in old flowers

(National Herb. 2733).

Plate 160. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of flower; Fig. 2,

perianth-segments.

F.P.S.A., 1924.

INDEX TO VOLUME IV.

PLATE

Aloe chortolirioides ....... 160

•Aloe Peglerae ........ 149

Aloe petrxcola ........ 155

■Aloe Schlechteri ....... 151

Aloe verecunda ......*. 124

Anoiganthus breviflorus ...... 144

Ansellia gigantea . . . . . . .122

Burchellia bubalina ....... 145

Ceropegia ampliata ....... 140

Ceropegia Sandersoni ....... 143

Cotyledon Wickensii ....... 154

Crassula portulaceae ....... 156

Cyrtanthus Galpinii ....... 159

Diplocyatha ciliata . . . . . . 137

Eulophia leontoglossa ...... 135

Euphorbia Cooperi ....... 157

Gladiolus Ludwigii ....... 125

Habenaria foliosa ....... 130

Haemanthus Katharinae ...... 136

Lachenalia pendula ....... 158

Mimetes argentea . . . . . . .128

Montbretia crocosmaeflora . ..... 152

Nerine flexuosa ........ 139

Nerine Erithii ........ 132

Nerine lucida ........ 134

OxALIS LUPINIFOLIUS ....... 153

Pachypodium Saundersii ...... 123

Pelargonium pulverulentum ..... 146

PoLYXENA ENSIFOLIA ....... 129

Protea Eouppelliae ....... 133

Pseudobaeckea virgata ...... 150

Richardia melanoleuca ...... 141

Stapelia flavopurpurea ...... 121

Strumaria truncata ....... 127

Sutera grandiflora ....... 131

Thunbergia alata ....... 148

Thunbergia natalensis ...... 147

Urginea Burkei ........ 138

Urginea macrocentra ....... 142

Veltheimia Roodeae ....... 126