MARY GUNN LIBRARY
SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY INSTITUTE
PRIVATE BAG X 101
PRETORIA 0001 I
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
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THE FLOWERING PLANTS OF
SOUTH AFRICA.
A MAGAZINE CONTAINING HAND-COLOURED FIGURES WITH DESCRIPTIONS OP THE
FLOWERING PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO SOUTH AFRICA.
EDITED BY
I. B. POLE EVANS, C.M.G., M.A., D.Sc., F.L.S.,
Cljief, Bibision of ISotang antt ^lant $at{joIogp, iBepartment of agriculture, Pretoria;
anb ©irector of tfje JSotanical Surbep of tfje iHJnion of 5outl) afrtca.
VOL. IX.
The veld which lies so desolate and have
Will blossom into cities white and fair,
And pinnacles will pierce the desert air,
And sparkle in the sun.
R. C. Macpie’s “Ex Unjtate Vires.”
L. REEVE & CO., Ltd.,
LLOYDS BANK BUILDINGS, BANK STREET, ASHFORD, KENT
SOUTH AFRICA:
THE SPECIALTY PRESS OF SOUTH AFRICA, Ltd.
P.O. BOX 38S, CAPETOWN ; P.O. BOX 21, WYNBERG CAPE.
1929.
[AG light t reserved.]
TO
CHARLES MAGGS, ESQ.,
OF GREYSTOKE, PRETORIA,
THIS, THE NINTH VOLUME OP THE “ FLOWERING
PLANTS OF SOUTH AFEICA ” IS DEDICATED, IN
GEATEFUL APPBECIATION OF THE INTEEEST
WHICH HE HAS TAKEN IN AND THE VALUABLE
ASSISTANCE HE HAS SPONTANEOUSLY EENDEEED
TO BOTANICAL SCIENCE IN SOUTH AFEICA.
Division of Botany, Pbetobla.
October, 1929.
327 .
C. L etty del.
Plate 321.
COMMELINA africana.
Cape Province, Orange Free State, Natal, Transvaal.
COMMELINACEAE. Tribe COMMELINEAE.
Commelina, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 847.
Commelina africana, Linn. Sp. PI. ed. ii. 60 ; FI. Cap. vol. vii. p. 9.
The plant here figured, and described is very probably
var. lancispatha described in the Flora Capensis, and which
is distributed through Africa. It differs from the species of
Commelina figured on Plate 42, not only in the colour of the
flower, but in having the spathe simply folded and not an
oblique funnel-shaped structure as in the former species. The
plant is a scrambler and flourishes in the rockery, where it
rapidly spreads and soon becomes covered with canary-
coloured flowers. The inflorescence is rather peculiar, con-
sisting of two cymes, one of which is 1 -flowered, and usually
this flower is mature and falls while the flowers of the other
cyme are yet in bud and hidden within the spathe. The latter
then appear in succession.
Our description and Plate were prepared from plants
flowering in the grounds of the Division of Botany, Horti-
culture and Entomology in Pretoria, but the plant is found in
the wild state in the neighbourhood of Pretoria.
Description : — Stems up to 50 cm. long, terete, glabrous ;
internodes up to 7 cm. long. Leaves 5 to 6-5 cm. long;
petiole 1 cm. long, clasping the stem ; blade up to 5 '5 cm. long,
1 *5 cm. broad, lanceolate, acute, subcordate at base, glabrous.
Spathe peduncled, 4-5 cm. long, 2-2 cm. broad, folded, ovate,
acuminate, acute; peduncle D5 cm. long, terete, glabrous.
Inflorescence of two cymes, hidden within the spathe. Sepals
concave, 5 mm. long, 4 mm. broad, oblong, obtuse, ciliate.
Lateral petals 1-5 cm. long, 6 ’5 mm. broad, orbicular, long-
clawed; glabrous. Filaments 1 cm. long, terete, glabrous.
Ovary ellipsoid; style 1-5 cm. long; stigma simple. Fruit
with the dorsal chamber developed and containing a seed.
(National Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 7938.)
Plate 321. — Fig. 1, spathe with inflorescence; Fig. 2, inflorescence with
spathe removed ; Figs. 3, 4, stamens ; Fig. 5, pistil ; Fig. 6, immature fruit ;
Fig. 7, cross-section of fruit.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
322.
C.Let.ty del
Plate 322.
CARALLUMA mammillaris.
Cape Province, Namaqualand.
Asclepiadaceae. Tribe Stapelieae.
Caralluma, E. Br. ; Benih. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 782.
Caralluma mammillaris, N.E. Br. in Hook. Ic. PL, under t. 1902 ;
FI. Cap. vol. iv. sect. 1, p. 875.
On Plate 224 we figured a species of Caralluma not described
in the Flora Capensis. The species now figured and described
is one of the first known members of the genus, having been
described over 150 years ago as Stapelia mammillaris. The
genus Caralluma is represented in South Africa by about 24
species and differs from Stapelia in the structure of the corona.
Almost without exception the flowers have a most disagreeable
odour, more so perhaps than is found in species of Stapelia.
This particular species is not easy of cultivation, for if the
stems are damaged in any way, rot sets in quickly and the
plant dies. It has been successfully cultivated in a green-
house in Pretoria for about three years, but only by careful
attention and judicious watering.
Our Plate was prepared from cultivated specimens
originally collected by Mr. J. J. van Nouhuys between
Loeriesfontein and Platklip in the Calvinia district, where it
grows on granite hills.
Description : — Plant up to 45 cm. high, branched usually
from the base; branches 4 to 5 cm. thick (including spines),
irregularly 5-6-angled, armed with stout conical spines ; spines
1-5 cm. long, acute. Flowers in fascicles of 4 to 10 along the
grooves between the angles, more rarely flowers solitary.
Pedicels *5 mm. long. Sepals 2 mm. long, triangular in out-
line. Corolla 1-7 cm. long, 2-5 to 3 cm. in diameter when
fully expanded; tube 5 mm. long, 6-5 mm. in diameter,
campanulate, glabrous; lobes 1-5 cm. long, lanceolate-linear,
subacute, dark chocolate-brown, with a few cilia on the
margins near the base, otherwise glabrous. Outer corona
consisting of five 3-toothed plates 1 mm. long ; inner corona
linear, 1*5 mm. long, incumbent over the staminal column
and adnate to the outer corona at the base. (National
Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 7937.)
Plate 322. — Fig. 1, cross-section of stem; Fig. 2, flower bud; Fig. 3,
open flower ; Fig. 4, corona ; Fig. 5, corona from above ; Fig. 6, side-view
of an outer and inner corona-lobe.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
323.
C . L e tty del .
Plate 323.
COMMELINA albescens.
Transvaal.
COMMELINACEAE. Tribe COMMELINEAE.
Commelina, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 847.
Commelina albescens, Hassk. in Schweinf. Beitr. FI. Aethiop. 210 ;
FI. Cap. vol. vii. p. 11.
This species of Commelina has been recorded from the
Pretoria, Waterberg and Barberton districts of the Transvaal,
but is also distributed throughout Africa, and extends through
Arabia and Beloochistan to Sind. It resembles C. benghalensis,
figured on Plate 42, in having a funnel-shaped spathe, but
differs in only having a single ovule in each of the two anterior
chambers of the ovary, and from C. africana (Plate 321) it
differs not only in the colour of the flower, but also in the
inflorescence, which consists of a single cyme. During rains
the spathe contains a certain amount of water and becomes
partly filled by a gelatinous fluid. The flowers also contain a
sticky fluid. Mr. E. E. Galpin, F.L.S., reports that the blue
variety increases very rapidly in light sandy soils of granite
formation in the neighbourhood of Pietpotgieters Rust under
cultivation. In seriousness it ranks as a pest second only to
Cynodon dactylon, and the fleshy roots when turned up by
the plough and exposed on the surface of the land continue
growing. It is called “ Kannil Dood ” locally.
Our description and Plate were drawn up from specimens
cultivated in the garden of the BotanicalLaboratories, Pretoria.
Description : — A trailing plant. Stems terete, faintly
striate, pubescent. Leaves longer than the internodes of the
stem, 3-5 to 5*5 cm. long; petiole membranous, forming a
sheath round the stem, ribbed, pubescent; blade 2-5 to
4-5 cm. long, 1 to 1-8 cm. broad at the base, ovate-lanceolate,
acuminate, acute, pubescent beneath, almost glabrous above.
Spathe very shortly peduncled, 2 cm. long, 2-5 cm. broad,
membranous, forming an oblique funnel, pubescent. Inflore-
scence a 2-3-flowered cyme. Sepals unequal, 4 to 6 mm. long,
2-5 to 6 mm. broad, concave, orbicular, glabrous. Petals
unequal; larger 1-1 cm. long, 1 cm. broad, orbicular, shortly
clawed; smallest 3 mm. long, oblong-lanceolate. Stamens 6,
of three different shapes. Ovary globose, with a single ovule
in each chamber; style terete; stigma simple. (National
Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 7940.)
Plate 323. — Fig. 1, spathe with inflorescence; Fig. 2, inflorescence with
spathe removed ; Figs. 3, 4, 5, different forms of stamens ; Fig. 6, pistil ;
Fig. 7, fruit; Fig. 8, cross-section of fruit.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
32',.
C- i.ctty del.
Plate 324.
PIARANTHUS geminatus.
Cape Province.
Asclepladaceae. Tribe Stapelieae.
Piar an thus , R. Br. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 782
(partly).
Piaranthus geminatus, N.E. Br. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. p. 163 ;
FI. Cap. vol. iv. sect. 1, p. 1018.
The genus Piaranthus, represented in South Africa by
11 species, was founded in 1811 by the great English botanist
Robert Brown, and differs from the genera Stapelia and
Caralluma in not having an outer corona. A certain amount
of confusion existed in the past regarding the limits of the
genus Piaranthus, and this is outlined by N. E. Brown in the
Flora Capensis. Our plant was first figured in the year 1796
by Francis Masson, who spent several years at the Cape as a
botanical collector; then it was subsequently figured in 1810
in the Botanical Magazine (t. 1326) from specimens cultivated
in England. Notwithstanding that the plant is frequently
mentioned in the older botanical literature (mostly under the
genus Stapelia), none of the older collectors except Masson
appears to have collected it. Masson had it growing in his
garden at the Cape in 1794, and introduced it into cultivation
at Kew. It was probably from Masson’s specimen which
flowered in 1818 at Kew that the description of the species
in the Flora Capensis was drawn up.
Our Plate was prepared from specimens cultivated in
Pretoria and collected by Mr. C. A. Smith, B.Sc., at Klipplaat
in the Jansen ville district.
Description : — Stems procumbent, about 1-5 cm. in
diameter, subterete or more or less 4-angled, often with
mammillary swellings each tipped with a small white triangular
spine. Flowers solitary or in pairs; pedicles 8 mm. long.
Calyx-lobes 3 mm. long, lanceolate, acuminate, acute. Corolla-
lobes 7 mm. long, lanceolate, obtuse, greenish on the back,
yellowish on the face with maroon-coloured spots, hairy
above, glabrous beneath. Corona about 1 mm. long, narrowly
oblong, incumbent over the backs of the anthers, produced
at the base into a horizontal obscurely-toothed crest.
(National Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 7939.)
Plate 324. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of flower; Fig. 2,
corona, top view ; Fig. 3, side view of single corona-lobe ; Fig. 4, polllnia.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
325.
C.L e-tty del.
Plate 325.
COTYLEDON cristata.
Cape Province.
Crassulaceae.
Cotyledon, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 658.
Cotyledon cristata, Haw. in Phil. Mag. 1827, p. 123 ; FI. Cap.
vol. ii. p. 376.
As pointed out under Cotyledon Schonlandii on Plate 328,
that species and this are closely related ; both have the stem
covered with rigid curled hairs but differ in the shape of the
leaves. The species was first collected at the beginning of
last century by Ecklon and Zeyher on the hills near the
Zwartkops River in the Uitenhage district. According to
Dr. S. Schonland it is common in the neighbourhood of Port
Elizabeth and Grahamstown, and is also found at Somerset
East and Graaff Reinet. Although Haworth described the
species over 100 years ago, it does not appear to have been
figured in any botanical publication and it is reproduced here
for the first time.
Our Plate was prepared from a plant cultivated and
flowered at the Botanical Laboratories at Pretoria, but no
details are available as to where it was collected.
Description : — Stem covered with long coir-like hairs.
Leaves in a rosette, 2 to 3-5 cm. long, 1 to 2*5 cm. broad,
spathulate, attenuated at the base into a petiole, undulate
crenate at the apex, more rarely subentire, pubescent. Scape
33 cm. long, terete, with 2 to 3 minute bracts, pubescent
below, glabrous above. Flowers in spikes. Bracts 2 ’5 mm.
long, ovate, acute; bracteoles 1-5 mm. long. Sepals 2-5 mm.
long, triangular acute. Corolla-tube 1*1 cm. long, 3 mm. in
diameter, glabrous; lobes 2-5 mm. long, ovate, acute, pube-
scent on the inner face. Stamens 10, attached to the tube of
the corolla. Carpels 9 mm. long ; glands 1 mm. long, almost
quadrate. (National Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 7945.)
Plate 325. — Pig. 1, single leaf; Fig. 2, cross-section through leaf;
Fig. 3, median longitudinal section through flower ; Fig. 4, carpels.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
326.
C.Letty del.
Plate 326.
COMMELINA Eckloniana.
Transvaal, Natal.
COMMELINACEAE. Tribe COMMELINEAE.
Commelina, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 847.
Commelina Eckloniana, Kunth Enum. iv. p. 57 ; FI. Cap.
vol. vii. p. 11.
This species of Commelina, collected on the road to
Wyliespoort in the Zoutpansberg district by Mr. J. J. van
Nouhuys, falls into the same subsection of the genus as C.
benghalensis and C. africana, which have been previously
figured. The species of this subsection are characterised by
having two ovules in each of the anterior ovary chambers,
while C. albescens (Plate 323) is a representative of the second
subsection and has only one ovule in each of the anterior ovary
chambers. With the publication of this Plate we have also
illustrated a member of each of the divisions into which the
first subsection is divided, viz. (a) petals yellow or orange
(C. africana), (b) petals blue : (i) fruit 5-seeded ( C . benghalensis),
(ii) fruit 4-seeded ( C . Eckloniana).
Our Plate was prepared from specimens growing in the
grounds of the Botanical Laboratories, Pretoria.
Description: — Stems trailing, up to 1-2 m. long, terete,
glabrous. Leaves 5-5 to 14 cm. long, 1-2 to 2 cm. broad,
lanceolate, acuminate, acute, pubescent beneath, glabrous
above; petiole up to 2*5 cm. long, forming a complete sheath
round the stem, membranous, striate, pubescent, with a
few long hairs at the mouth. Spathe long-peduncled, 1*5 cm.
long, 2 cm. broad, forming an oblique funnel, minutely
pubescent, enclosing 2 cymes. Inflorescence of 2 cymes, one
of which is 1 -flowered, the other 5-flowered. Sepals 3 to 4
mm. long, 1-5 to 3-5 mm. broad, concave, almost orbicular.
Petals unequal ; the 2 larger 1 cm. long, with the limb 8 mm.
broad and suborbicular, clawed at the base. Stamens of three
different kinds; filaments slender. Ovary with 2 ovules in
each of the two anterior chambers and 1 ovule in the dorsal
chamber; style terete; stigma simple. Fruit 2-chambered,
with 2 seeds in each chamber (the dorsal chamber aborts),
surrounded by the persistent sepals. (National Herbarium,
Pretoria, No. 7941.)
Plate 32G. — Fig. 1, spathe enclosing inflorescence; Fig. 2, inflorescence
with spathe removed showing the 2 cymes ; Fig. 3, calyx ; Figs. 4 and 5,
stamens; Fig. 6, pistil; Fig. 7, fruit; Fig. 8, cross-section of fruit.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
327
C.Letty del.
Plate 327.
DISPERIS ANTHOCEROS.
Transvaal, Natal.
Okchid aceae . Tribe Ophrydeae.
Dispeeis, Sw. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 633.
Disperis anthoceros, Reichb. f. Otia Bot. Hamb. vol. ii. p. 103 ; FI. Cap.
vol. v. sect. 3, p. 311.
On Plates 236 and 308 we figured species of Disperis and
through the courtesy of Mr. F. Stone, who forwarded us the
living plants of D. Fanniniae, we are able to figure another
species which has previously not been illustrated. Disperis
anthoceros has been recorded from Natal, and in the Transvaal
is found in the Drakensbergen, where Mr. E. E. Galpin
collected it near Barberton in 1890 and Mr. F. Stone at
Kaapsche Hoop in 1929. Mr. F. Eyles, F.L.S., recorded it from
near Salisbury (Rhodesia) in 1920. It has also been found
in the “ Fountains Valley ” near Pretoria by Mr. J. J. van
Nouhuys. On the mountains of the eastern Transvaal the
species flowers during the month of March. The plant is a
shade lover and is found growing under trees. It has been
successfully cultivated in Pretoria in the lathe house at the
Botanical Laboratories.
Description : — Plant 8 to 20 cm. high. Stem rather
slender, glabrous. Leaves cauline, 2, subopposite, sessile or
subsessile, broadly ovate or subcordate-ovate, acute, glabrous,
2 to 4-5 cm. long, 1 to 2*5 cm. broad. Scapes 8 to 20 cm.
high, short or subcorymbose, 1-5-flowered. Bracts leaf -like in
shape and texture, #4 to 1*5 cm. long. Pedicles 1*2 to 1*6 cm.
long. Flowers medium-sized, white with lilac spots. Dorsal
sepal galeate, 1 to 1*2 cm. long, with a short broadly triangular
acute deflexed limb and a narrowly conic-oblong obtuse galea ;
lateral sepals spreading, obliquely ovate, subacute, 6 to 7 mm.
long, with a short broad subconical sac below the middle.
Petals cohering with the dorsal sepal, broadly ovate-oblong,
subobtuse, 5 to 6 mm. long, with the outer margin undulate ;
lip narrowly unguiculate, 8 mm. long ; limb reflexed, ovate-
oblong, conduplicate, very short ; appendage recurved,
bilobed, with somewhat spreading lobes. Column short ;
rostellum broadly ovate, obtuse, with reflexed margin ; arms
cartilaginous, linear-oblong, twisted, under 2 mm. long [FI.
Cap .]. (National Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 7942.)
Plate 327. — Fig. 1, column, front view; Fig. 2, column, back view;
Fig. 3, a pollinium.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
3 28.
C.Le tty del.
Plate 328.
COTYLEDON Schonlandii.
Cape Province.
Crassulaceae.
Cotyledon, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 658.
Cotyledon Schonlandii, Phillips, sp. nov., a C. cristato Haw., foliis
teretibus differt.
Caulis 4 cm. longus, villosus. Folia 3*5 cm. longa, 1 cm.
lata, teretia, basi angustata, apice paullo plana concavaque,
glanduloso-pnbescentia. Scapus 37 cm. longns, teres, glaber.
Inflorescentia spicata. Bracteae 4 mm. longae, lanceolatae;
bracteolae 2 mm. longae, lanceolatae. Sepala 3 mm. longa,
ovata, apice acnta. Tubus corollae 1 cm. longus, 3 ’5 mm.
latus ; lobi 3 mm. longi, 2 mm. lati, elliptici, apicnlati,
pubescentes. Stamina 10. Carpela 5; squamulae 1 mm.
longae, subquadratae. — Without collector or locality in National
H erbarium, Pretoria .
Our Plate represents a most peculiar type of Cotyledon
which at first sight may be mistaken for a species of Aprica or
Haworthia, so much so indeed that it was given to the artist
for illustration as a species of one or other of these two genera.
It belongs to the section Spicatae of the genus, and in this
section to the group Cristata. It is nearly related to C.
cristata, Haw., but differs in the body of the leaf, being terete
and not flattened. We have seen a photograph of a Cotyledon
taken by Mr. N. E. Brown of Kew which illustrates a plant
remarkably like the one here figured, but the leaves are not
so long attentuated at the base and are conspicuously spotted.
We understand Mr. Brown has described this plant but not
published the description. Unfortunately we have no record
as to where our plant was collected.
It is with extreme pleasure that we name this remarkable
Cotyledon after Dr. S. Schonland of Grahamstown, who has
done more than anyone else to extend our knowledge of the
family Crassulaceae.
Description : — Stem 4 cm. long, densely covered with
long shaggy coir-like bristles. Leaves crowded on the stem,
3-5 cm. long, 1 cm. in diameter, almost terete in cross-section,
constricted below to form a terete petiole, concave above on
the under surface, finely glandular-pubescent. Scape 37 cm.
long, terete, with 2 to 3 small bracts, glabrous. Inflorescence
spicate, with about 27 flowers. Bract 4 mm. long, lanceolate ;
bracteoles 2 mm. long, lanceolate. Sepals 3 mm. long, ovate,
acute (bract, bracteoles, and sepals covered with a white
powder). Coralla-tube 1 cm. long, 3 ’5 mm. in diameter,
covered with a powdery substance on the lower portion;
lobes spreading, at length reflexed, 3 mm. long, 2 mm. broad,
elliptic, apiculate, pubescent on the inner face. Stamens 10
of two different lengths, adnate to the corolla-tube; anthers
subglobose. Carpels 5 ; glands 1 mm. long, almost quadrate.
(National Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 7944.)
Plate 328. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of flower; Fig. 2,
carpels showing scales at base ; Fig. 3, leaf ; Fig. 4, cross-section of leaf
through the middle.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
329.
C.Letty del.
Plate 329.
IXIA MACULATA.
Cape Province.
Iridaceae. Tribe Ixieae.
Ixia, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 704.
Ixia maculata, Linn. Sp. PI. ed. ii. 1664; FI. Cap. vol. vi. p. 81.
The species of Ixia figured on the accompanying Plate
differs from I. monadelplia (see Plate 317) in having the
filaments of the stamens free instead of connate. Being one
of the so-called “ Cape bulbs ” it found its way early into
European gardens and has been frequently illustrated in
botanical publications. The first illustration appeared in
1797 in Jacquin’s Horti Schoenbrunnensis, and four years
later was figured in the Botanical Magazine, t. 539. The
species has a number of colour varieties, of which three are
recognised in the Flora Capensis. Ixia maculata is confined
to the south-western portion of the Cape Province and extends
from the Cape Peninsula, through the Malmesbury, Tulbagh
and Worcester districts to Clanwilliam. We are indebted to
Mr. J. C. van Balen, the officer-in-charge of the Union Building
grounds, for specimens which he raised from seed supplied by
the X ational Botanic Gardens, Kirstenbosch.
Description : — Corm 1-7 cm. in diameter, globose. Leaves
distichous, about 3 pairs, 10 cm. long, 7 mm. broad, linear,
acuminate, acute. Scape 17 cm. long, about 9-flowered.
Bracts 8 mm. long, membranous, with dark-brown streaks.
Perianth-tube 1 -2 cm. long, cylindric ; lobes 2 cm. long, 1 cm.
broad, oblong-elliptic, obtuse; throat dark-purple. Anthers
longer than the filaments; style-branches linear, reaching to
the level of the anthers. (National Herbarium, Pretoria,
No. 7959.)
Plate 329. — Fig. 1, single flower; Fig. 2, median longitudinal section
of flower ; Fig. 3, bract.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
330.
C. Letty del.
Plate 330.
DISPERIS MICRANTHA.
Cape Province, Transvaal.
Orchidaceae. Tribe Ophrydeae.
Disperis, Sw. ; Benth. et Hook f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 633.
Disperis micrantha, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 370; FI. Cap. vol. v.
sect. 3, p. 308.
This species of Disperis, as well as D. anthoceros (Plate 327),
is of interest as having been found in the neighbourhood of
Pretoria. Both these species occur in the mountains round
Barberton in the north-eastern Transvaal and are examples of
high mountain species which occur in the Pretoria flora, but
only in the watered valleys. Disperis micrantha does not
appear to have been figured previously, and we are glad to
publish an illustration of another species of a typical South
African genus of Orchidaceae.
We are indebted to Mr. J. J. van Nouhuys for the specimens
which he collected in the “ Fountains Valley ” near Pretoria.
Description : — Plant 9 to 21 cm. high. Stem simple,
terete, glabrous. Leaves 2 to 3, cauline, amplexicaul, 2 to 4
cm. long, 1*5 to 3 cm. broad, ovate, glabrous. Bracts resemb-
ling the leaves but smaller. Inflorescence a single flower or
up to 6-flowered, most commonly 2-flowered. Dorsal sepal
about 3 mm. long, galeate, with a triangular acuminate
deflexed limb and a broadly saccate galea; lateral sepals,
3 mm. long, spreading, obliquely ovate-oblong, acuminate,
with a short broadly conical obtuse sac above the middle.
Petals cohering with the margin of the dorsal sepal, 3 lin. long,
obliquely falcate-ovate, acute ; lip narrowly unguiculate ;
limb reflexed, with 2 short diverging lobes ; appendage
broadly-oblong, obtuse, papillose, longer than the limb.
Column short; rostellum broadly rounded, obtuse, concave;
arms 1 mm. long, cartilaginous, sapthulate-oblong, obtuse,
twisted. (National Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 7962.)
Plate 330— Fig. 1, single flower; Fig. 2, side view of flower; Fig. 3
column ; Fig. 4, a pollinium.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
331.
C . L e tty d el .
Plate 331.
EXOCKLENIUM grande
Cape Province , Orange Free State , Natal, Transvaal.
Gentianaceae. Tribe Exaceae.
Exocelenitjm, Griseb. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 804 (under
Belmontia E. Mey).
Exoohsenium grande, Griseb. in DC. Prodr. vol. ix. p. 55 ; FI. Cap. vol. iv.
sect. i. p. 1094.
In the Kew Bulletin (1908, pp. 336-341) are some critical
notes on the genus Exochcenium which make it unnecessary
for any remarks here on the history of the genus. It is for
the first time that we figure a species of the family Gentianaceae,
and so far as we have been able to ascertain our illustration
of Exochcenium grande is the first to be published in a botanical
publication. The family Gentianaceae has mainly a temperate
distribution and is represented by about 50 genera with over
500 species. In South Africa we have recorded 9 genera and
about 100 species, the largest genus being Sebaea with over 70
species. The genus Exochcenium is represented by about 11
species, all tropical African, and one of these (E. grande)
extends into South Africa.
Our description and Plate were prepared from specimens
collected by Mr. A. O. D. Mogg, M.A., near Pretoria in April
1929. It is a common annual in grass veld and might appro-
priately be called the South African primrose.
Description : — A small annual herb, 13 to 20 cm. high.
Stem glabrous. Leaves opposite, 1-5 to 2-5 cm. long, 0-4 to
1 cm. broad, lanceolate to ovate, obtuse, glabrous. Calyx
segments 1-8 cm. long, ovate, acuminate, acute, with a broad
dorsal wing, glabrous. Disk-scales opposite the sepals and
between them and corolla-tube. Corolla-tube 2-6 cm. long,
swollen at the base, then cylindric, then expanded into a
companulate portion, glabrous; lobes 1-6 cm. long, 6 mm.
broad, more or less oblong, acute or sometimes obtuse, glabrous.
Stamens in long-styled flowers with almost sessile anthers, in
short-styled flowers anthers with filaments; anthers with
apical glands. Ovary ovoid, glabrous; style in some flowers
longer, in others shorter than the stamens ; stigma papillate.
(National Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 7964.)
Plate 331. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of flower; Fig. 2, lower
portion of corolla-tube ; Fig. 3, pistil from long-styled flower ; Fig. 4, anthers
showing apical glands ; Fig. 5, cross-section of ovary.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
332.
Plate 332.
KLEINIA ARTICULATA.
Cape Province.
Compositae. Tribe Senecionideae.
Kleinia, Haw.; Benth. et Hoolc.f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 449 (under Senecio).
Kleinia articulata, Haw. Succ. PI. p. 315 ; FI. Cap. vol. iii. p. 319.
On Plate 28 we figured a plant which, was described and
named Senecio stapeliiformis. At the time of drawing up the
description the specimen was submitted to the Director of the
Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, who reported : “ Botanists
dealing with local floras have always been inclined to regard
them (i.e. Senecio and Kleinia) as distinct genera, but when the
habit of the world species of Senecio is considered, varying
from the tiny groundsel to the arboreal species of East Africa,
generic characters derived from it are found to be quite useless.”
In 1924 ( Botanical Magazine, t. 9030) Dr. O. Stapf republished
a figure of the plant we figured on our Plate 28 and gave it a
new combination, Kleinia stapeliiformis. Dr. Stapf in this
publication gives his reasons for keeping the genera Senecio
and Kleinia distinct. As we have not the facilities to determine
for ourselves which of the above views should be followed, we
prefer publishing the figure and description of our plant under
a known name rather than make a new combination * which
later may have to be sunk into the synonymy. Our Plate was
* This combination was made in 1845 by Schult. Bip. in Flora, vol.
xxviii. p. 500. In regard to the report from Kew mentioned above, I may
say that it largely reflects my own opinion. In my studies on the families
and genera of flowering plants I have frequently to deal with a problem such
as the status of a group of plants like Kleinia, and I am firmly of the opinion
that the habit character alone cannot be used for the segregation of genera.
If we break up Senecio on these grounds, then why not split up Euphorbia
and other large genera in which equally various habit forms are found?
Genera should be studied from the point of view of a monographer of the
family and not from the narrower concepts of a local flora or for the con-
venience of the horticulturist. — J. H.
prepared from specimens which flowered at the Botanical
Laboratories in Pretoria, which were collected at Beaufort
West in November 1926 by Mr. C. D. B. Leibenberg, B.Sc.
When growing under natural conditions the joints of the stems
are shorter, lie flat on the ground, and have a few leaves near
the apex.
Description : — A semi-decumbent plant, with thick
cylindric articulated stems. Segments of stem 1-5 to 10 cm.
long, up to 1-7 cm. in diameter, light green in colour, with
darker green markings radiating from the points of insertion
of the leaves. Leaves somewhat succulent; petioles 1 to 4
cm. long, convex on the back, channelled on the face ; lamina
1-2 to 2*9 cm. long, 1*5 to 2-5 cm. broad, mostly 3-lobed, some-
times entire, obtuse, glabrous. Peduncle somewhat fleshy,
arising from the apex of the stem-segments, about 12 cm. long,
cjdindric, bearing usually 4 heads. Involacral-bracts eight,
8 mm. long, 1-5 mm. broad, linear, acuminate, acute, green
with membranous margins. Corolla 7 mm. long, with the
lower half narrowly cylindric and expanded to a cup at the
base and the upper half suddenly dilated into a subcampanulate
portion; lobes 1-5 mm. long, linear, subacute. Anthers
pimple, blunt at the base, with a lanceolate apical appendage.
Style-branches linear. Achenes 4 mm. long, more or less
terete, ridged, hirsute. Pappus 7 mm. long, rough. (National
Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 7963.)
Plate 332. — Fig. 1 , a single flower ; Fig. 2, part of involucre ; Fig. 3,
pappus-hair.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
MARY GUNN LIBRARY
SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY INSTITUTE j
PRIVATE BAG X 101
^ PRETORIA C0C1 j
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
•333.
PLATE 333.
ALOE AFRICANA.
Cape Province.
Liliaceae. Tribe Aloineae.
Aloe, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 778.
Aloe africana, Mill. Ga-rd. Diet. ed. viii. No. 4 ; FI. Cap. vol. vi. p. 327.
Aloe africana belongs to the subgenus Pachidendron, to
which A. ferox and A. rupestris figured on Plates 169 and 178
respectively also belong. It was figured in the Botanical
Magazine for the year 1824 (Plate 2517) from a plant which
flowered in a collection at Norwich, England, in 1823. This
species of Aloe is confined to the coastal belt and is found
plentifully in the neighbourhood of Port Elizabeth and
Uitenhage. The particular specimen illustrated was col-
lected by Mr. L. R. Vogt, near Bathurst, and grown in his
garden at Waterkloof, Pretoria.
Description : — Stem tall, crowned with a rosette of leaves.
Leaves 0-5 m. or more long, 7-5 cm. broad, lanceolate, acu-
minate, pungent, convex on the back, somewhat flat or
slightly concave on the upper surface, strongly toothed on
the margins, with scattered teeth on the upper two-thirds of
the back and with 2 or 3 teeth on the upper surface. Inflores-
cence branched. Peduncle somewhat flattened or semi-terete,
1-8 to 2-8 cm. in diameter, bearing membranous ovate bracts.
Floral bracts membranous, 1 cm. long, 7 mm. broad. Pedicels
3 mm. long, persistent. Raceme 23 to 30 cm. long. Flowers
at first dragon’s-blood red ( R.C.S. , Plate XIII), at length
becoming lemon chrome ( R.C.S. , Plate IV), half pendulous
but upturned near the apex. Perianth (in mature flowers)
4 cm. long; lobes 1-3 cm. long, oblong, obtuse. Filaments in
young flowers with a double bend, semi-terete ; anthers 6 mm.
long. Ovary 9 mm. long, ellipsoid; style 3 cm. long, terete,
stigma small. (National Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 7976.)
Plate 333. — Fig. 1, plant, sometimes up to 20 ft. high; Fig. 2, median
longitudinal section of flower.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
$34.
CM-et-ty del.
Plate 334.
PAVONIA Meyeri.
Cape Province , Natal, Transvaal.
Malvaceae. Tribe Ureneae.
Pavonia Cav.; Benth. et HooJc.f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 205.
Pavonia Meyeri, Mast, in Oliv. Fl.Trop. Afr. vol. i. p. 191 ; FI. Cap. vol. i.
p. 169 (under P. mollis E. Mey).
This species represents another family which we figure for
the first time, and only the difficulty of obtaining fresh material,
of a group of plants most of which have fugacious flowers, has
prevented us from showing this family before. The genus
Pavonia contains over 60 species, most of which occur in
America ; there are a few in Asia and Africa. In South Africa
about 6 species are recorded, and the species here figured
extends into tropical Africa.
Pavonia Meyeri occurs in the Fountains Valley near
Pretoria, where it grows near water and in the shade of trees.
It is a subherbaceous plant up to 4 ft. high, not much branched
with highly aromatic leaves and covered with delicate pink
flowers.
We are indebted to Miss I. C. Verdoorn for specimens col-
lected in the Fountains Valley in April 1929.
Description: — Plant up to 1-3 m. high. Stem and
branches terete, with glandular hairs. Leaves far separated
on the stems; petiole 1-3 to 7 cm. long, terete, glandular-
pilose; blade 3-5 to 6 cm. long, 2-2 to 4*5 cm. broad at the
widest part, ovate, subacuminate, obtuse, subcordate at the
base, with crenate margins and palmate venation, pubescent
beneath, subglabrous above. Flowers shortly petioled, 2*8
cm. in diameter when expanded. Epicalyx of 5 segments;
segments 9 mm. long, linear, obtuse, sparsely pilose. Calyx
7 mm. long, divided half-way, glandular-pilose; lobes 3-5 mm.
long, ovate, obtuse, distinctly 3-nerved. Petals 1-8 cm. long,
8 mm. broad, obovate, rounded above, glabrous. Staminal-
column 1-4 cm. long. Stigmas capitate, penicillate. (National
Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 8018.)
Plate 334. — Fig. 1, calyx and epicalyx; Fig. 2, staminal column; Fig.
3, a single style-lobe showing penicillate stigma ; Fig. 4, fruit ; Fig. 5, a
simple carpel from fruit ; Fig. 6, cross-section of section of fruit, showing
folding of cotyledons in the seed ; Fig. 7, embryo dissected out from seed.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
C. Lexty del.
Plate 335.
PELARGONIUM longifolium var. longiflorum.
Cape Province.
Geraniaceae. Tribe Pelargonieae.
Pelargonium L’Her. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 273.
Pelargonium longifolium, Jacq. Ic. Bar. t. 518, var. longiflorum Haw. ;
FI. Cap. vol. i. p. 262.
The species of Pelargonium figured on the accompanying
Plate belongs to the section Hoarea of the genus. This par-
ticular section contains over 40 species, which are stemless
plants with tuberous roots, and the flowers have 4 or 5 petals.
Pelargonium longifolium should be compared with P. crassicauXe
figured on Plate 52, which belongs to a totally different section
of the genus. Jacquin in his leones Plantarum Rariorum
figured the species more than once about the year 1786; he
recognised three species which Harvey in the Flora Capensis
reduced to varieties of one species. Our specimen was col-
lected by Mr. C. A. Smith, B.Sc., and flowered in the grounds
of the Division of Plant Industry in October 1928.
Description : — Plant 19 cm. high, stemless, with the leaves
and inflorescence from an underground tuber. Leaves 3 to 4;
petiole up to 1 cm. long, terete, glabrous; blade 2 to 3-5 cm.
long, 3 to 4 mm. broad, linear, pilose. Peduncle terete,
pubescent, branched into two parts about half-way up, with
each branch bearing an umbel of 6 to 8 flowers. PedAcels
7 to 16 mm. long, pubescent. Calyx-segments 6 mm. long,
lanceolate, acuminate, acute, pilose. Petals 2T cm. long,
2-5 mm. broad, oblong, attenuated into a long claw, blotched
with crimson; lower petals smaller and narrower. Stamens
5, fertile, with the filaments connate at the base. Gynaecium
pilose. (National Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 7977.)
Plate 335. — Fig. 1, a single flower; Fig. 2, gynaecium composed of five
carpels; Fig. 3, stamens.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
436.
C.Letty del.
Plate 336.
LORANTHXJS rubrqmarginatus.
Transvaal.
Lobantblaceae. Tribe Eulorantheae.
Loranthets Linn.; Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 207.
Loranihus rubromarginatus, Engl, in Engl. Rot. Jahrb. vol. xl. p. 535 ;
FI. Cap. vol. v. sect. 2. p. 116.
TMs is the first opportunity we have had of illustrating a
species of a very characteristic group of South African stem
parasites. The genus Loranihus contains over 500 species
which are natives of the Old World, and of these 22 species
have been recorded from South Africa. The genus is related
to Viscum (the Mistletoe), of which V. capense is perhaps the
best known species. The species of Loranihus figured on the
accompanying Plate has been recorded from the Barberton
district, from the Magaliesberg near Pretoria and from hills
near Johannesburg. It is not particular as to its host and
has been recorded as parasitic on several species of trees. Dr.
S. Schonland ( Records Albany Mus., vol. ii. p. 435) describes
the so-called “ wood-flowers ” found on Burkea africana and
caused by the parasite Loranihus Dregei, and probably several
other species of Loranihus produce these curious malformations
on their hosts. Loranihus rubromarginatus is a very con-
spicuous plant when in full bloom. The mature buds are in
a state of great turgidity, and if the corolla-lobes are touched
they suddenly open and become reflexed; the stamens also,
if they are pricked, spring apart suddenly and the filaments
become spirally coiled.
We are indebted to Mr. J. J. van Nouhuys for the specimen
which he collected on the northern side of the Magaliesberg
near Hornsnek.
Description : — Branches with distinct lenticels, glabrous.
Leaves often clustered on short shoots at the end of the
branches, 3 to 5 cm. long, 1 to 3 cm. broad, elliptic, obtuse,
glabrous; petiole 2 to 5 mm. long. Flowers arising on the
old wood. Calyx 5 mm. long, truncate. Corolla 4 cm. long,
cylindric, then constricted near the base and the basal portion
suddenly globose; lobes in mature bud valvate, forming five
prominent ridges; lobes in open flowers strongly reflexed,
7 mm. long, 2-5 mm. broad, spathulate-oblong, obtuse. Fila-
ments 5 mm. long, connate, produced into a tooth in front of
the anther; anther 3-5 mm. long, linear. Style 4-5 cm. long,
terete, skittle-shaped. (National Herbarium, Pretoria, No.
7975.)
Plate 336. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of flower; Fig. 2, lower
part of corolla-tube showing the calyx ; Fig. 3, top of corolla (in bud) ; Fig. 4,
cross-section through top of corolla (in bud) ; Fig. 6, stamens surrounding
style ; Fig. 6, anther (front view) ; Fig. 7. anther (side view).
F.P.S.A., 1929.
C.Letty del.
Plate 337.
GLADIOLUS Ludwigii.
Cape Province, Natal, Transvaal.
Ibid ace ae. Tribe Ixieae.
Gladiolus Linn. ; Bentk. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 709.
Gladiolus Ludwigii, Pappe ex Bkr. Handb. Irid. 215 ; FI. Cap.
vol. vi. p. 150.
On Plate 125 we figured the variety calvatus of this species,
and, as pointed out there, the variety differs from the species
in being glabrous. We doubt, however, whether this distinc-
tion is sufficient to warrant the retention of a definite glabrous
variety, as our plant appears to be an intermediate stage in
hairiness between the two extremes. It also differs from the
plant figured on Plate 125 by the inflorescence being more
compact and more definitely secund.
We are indebted for the specimens to Mr. J. J. van Nouhuys,
who collected corms on the flats between Barberton and
Kaapsche Hoop, and flowered them in the grounds of the
Division of Plant Industry in April 1929.
Description : — Plant 1 to 1*3 m. high. Leaves basal,
•6 to 1*1 m. long, 2-5 cm. broad, prominently veined, softly
pilose ; upper leaves shorter and narrower. Inflorescence
40 cm. long, densely many-flowered, with the flowers in two
distinct rows. Outer-bract herbaceous with a membranous tip,
2-5 cm. long, 2 cm. broad, ovate, acuminate, very distinctly
keeled, often ciliate on the keels, clasping the inner bract;
inner bract 2*6 cm. long, 9 mm. broad, oblong in outline with
two distinct keels, folding round the flower and split half-way
down the inner face, herbaceous, bilobed and membranous
at the tip. Perianth-tube 1 -3 cm. long, scarcely widened above,
glabrous ; lobes 3 cm. long, 9 mm. broad, more or less obovate ;
three lower lobes smaller and forming a lip; anthers 1 cm.
long, linear, sagittate at the base. Style-branches 1 cm. long,
slightly widened at the tip, papillose along the margins.
(National Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 8025.)
Plate 337. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of flower; Fig. 2, outer
and inner bracts showing the inner clasped by the outer ; Fig. 3, outer bract ;
Fig. 4, inner bract ; Fig. 5, portion of leaf showing veining.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
33 8.
C.Letty del.
Plate 338.
SPARAXIS bulbifera var. violacea.
Cape Province.
Ieidaceae. Tribe Ixieae.
Sparaxis Ker ; Benth. et Hoolc. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 708.
Sparaxis bulbifera, Ker in Konig and Sims’ Ann. i. 226, var. violacea ;
FI. Cap. vol. vi. p. 116.
On Plate 60 of this work we published a figure of Sparaxis
grandiflora which, apart from the colour of the flower, only
appears to differ from S. bulbifera in having larger flowers.
As noted in the description accompanying the above Plate,
there is a range of colour variety in the flowers, and the same
character is found in the species here figured. In the species
itself the flowers are normally yellow.
Soon after corms of “ Cape bulbs ” were introduced into
Europe and interest stimulated in the Cape flora, numerous
descriptions and illustrations of them appeared, and at least
12 species of the genus Sparaxis were published. Baker in
the Flora Capensis reduces this number to three, but some
authors recognise only one species which exhibits several
varieties differing in the size and colouring of the flowers, and
this may probably be the correct view.
We are indebted to Mr. J. C. van Balen, the officer-in-
charge of the Union Building grounds, for specimens which
he cultivated from seed received from the National Botanic
Gardens, Kirstenbosch.
Description : — Corm 1*2 cm. in diameter. Leaves 7 to 8,
distichous, 5 cm. long, 0-5 to 1 cm. broad, falcate, glabrous.
Inflorescence 3 to 4-flowered. Bracts 1 cm. long, 1 cm. broad,
membranous, sometimes produced into long fine awns.
Perianth-tube 1 cm. long, cylindric, becoming campanulate
above; lobes 3 cm. long, 0-8 to 1 cm. broad, oblong, rounded
above, with a short broad claw. Filaments 1-2 cm. long,
almost square in cross-section; anthers 9 mm. long, linear.
Style 1*3 cm. long; lobes 5 mm. long, linear. (National
Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 7947.)
Plate 338.— Fig. 1, single flower; Fig. 2, single peiianth-segment ;
Fig. 3, bract ; Fig. 4, stamen ; Fig. 5, style and stigmas.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
339.
C.Letty del.
Plate 339.
MELASMA OROBANCHOIDES.
Cape Province, Orange Free State, Natal, Transvaal.
Scrophulariaceae. Tribe Gerabdieae.
Melasma Berg. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 966.
Melasma orobanchoides, Engl. Pfl. Ost-afr. C. 359 ; FI. Cap. vol. iv.
sect. ii. p. 376.
On Plates 67 and 89 we figured representatives of two genera
belonging to the same tribe of the family Scrophulariaceae as
our present plant, but both the former differ in having long
cylindric corolla-tubes. The genus Melasma contains about
24 species, which occur in the hotter parts of the world; in
South Africa it is represented by 8 species fairly well distri-
buted. The species are parasitic or semi-parasitic. The late
Dr. Bolus recorded M. orobanchoides from Graaff Reinet as
parasitic on a species of Rhus, while the specimens from which
our Plate was prepared were parasitic on the roots of Hypoestes
verticillaris. Melasma orobanchoides has also been reported
as parasitic on cultivated crops, especially legumes, and may
therefore be regarded as a potential danger to growers of
legumes.
The specimens were collected by Miss I. C. Verdoorn in
the Fountains Valley near Pretoria in April 1929.
Description : — An unbranched herbaceous plant 20 to 30
cm. high. Stem terete, pubescent. Leaves reduced to ovate
bracts. Flowers in false whorls, opposite, or solitary, 2 cm.
in diameter when expanded. Bracts 1 cm. long., 5 mm. broad,
ovate, obtuse, 3-nerved, pubescent without ; bracteoles 5 mm.
long, linear, pubescent. Calyx 1*2 cm. long, campanulate,
pubescent ; tube 7 mm. long ; lobes 5 mm. long, ovate, obtuse.
Corolla-tube 7 mm. long; lobes 8 mm. long, 5 mm. broad,
elliptic, obtuse. Stamens 4 ; filaments pilose above ; anthers
elliptic, not pointed at the base. Ovary 2-5 mm. long,
globose, glabrous; style 7 mm. long, somewhat compressed,
glabrous; stigma simple. (National Herbarium, Pretoria,
No. 8019.)
Plate 339. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of flower; Fig
bract, bracteole ; Fig. 3, fruit with basal portion of style ; Fig
section of fruit.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
;. 2, calyx,
. 4, cross-
340.
Plate 340.
KNIPHOFIA LINEARIFOLIA.
Cape Province.
Liliaceae. Tribe Hemeeocalleae.
Kniphofia Moench. ; Benih. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 775.
Kniphofia linearifolia, Baker in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. vol. xv. Beibl. 35. 5 ;
FI. Cap. vol. vi. p. 282.
We figured on Plate 47 a species of Kniphofia ( K . alooides )
perhaps the commonest species of the genus in South Africa.
The genus is represented in the Union by over 30 species, and
besides these about 12 species are found in tropical Africa and
2 in Madagascar. Kniphofia differs from the genus Aloe in
not having succulent leaves with bitter juice, and all the species
with two exceptions are stemless plants. The genus was
named in honour of Johann Hieronymus Kniphof, a professor
of medicine who figured and described a number of plants which
he cultivated at Erfurt between the years 1758-1764. The
majority of the species of Kniphofia go under the name of
“ red-hot poker,” and in Afrikaans are known as “ vuurpyl ”
(rocket).
Our specimen was figured from a plant growing in the
grounds of the Division of Plant Industry, Pretoria, and
which flowered in November 1928.
Description : — An acaulescent plant. Leaves up to 67
cm. long, 3*5 to 7*5 mm. broad, linear, closely ribbed, distantly
and minutely serrulate on the margins, glabrous. Peduncle
30 cm. long, 8 mm. in diameter, terete, scarcely narrowing
upwards, glabrous. Flowers in a head-like raceme 4-5 cm.
long ; young flowers reddish, horizontal, forming an umbrella-
like tuft ; older flowers yellow, becoming pendulous. Floral-
bracts 5 mm. long, oblong, scarious. Perianth 3-8 cm. long,
5 mm. in diameter at the throat, narrowing to the base;
lobes 2 mm. long, ovate, obtuse. Stamens and style projecting
in open flowers. (National Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 8017.)
Plate 340. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of flower; Fig. 2, flower
showing basal bract.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
347.
C. Letty del.
Plate 341.
KALANCHOE thyrsiflora.
Cape Province , Basutoland, Transvaal.
Ceasstjlaceae.
Kalanchoe, Adans. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 659.
Kalanchoe thyrsiflora, Harv. in FI. Cap. vol. ii. p. 380.
This is the first occasion on which we figure a species of
the genus Kalanchoe, represented in South Africa by about 14
species which extend from the Transvaal and Natal through
the coastal belt to Riversdale, but are rare in the central
districts of the Union. The genus Kalanchoe differs from
Crassula (see Plates 12, 115, 167, 173, 189, etc.) in having the
stamens twice the number of the petals, and from Cotyledon
(Plates 154, 161, 249, 289) on the character of the flower,
which is tetramerous instead of pentamerous as in Cotyledon.
Kalanchoe thyrsiflora sometimes attains a height of 3-4 feet
when growing in grass and is a very stiff-looking plant, and
has not the striking beauty of many species of Cotyledon.
It does well in cultivation in rockeries and should find a place
in every collection of South African succulents. The speci-
mens were collected at Waterkloof near Pretoria by Miss I. C.
Verdoorn.
Description: — Plant 1 to 1-3 m. high. Stem somewhat
4-angled, covered with a powdery bloom. Leaves succulent,
4 to 10 cm. long, 2 to 3-5 cm. broad, becoming smaller and
narrower from the base upwards, oblong to oblong-elliptic in
outline, obtuse, connate and slightly decurrent at the base,
concave on the inner surface, somewhat convex on the outer,
covered with a powdery bloom, glabrous. Inflorescence a
panicle of cymes, 16 cm. long, 8 cm. in diameter. Pedicel
1 cm. long, terete, covered with a powdery bloom. Calyx-
lobes 4*5 mm. long, 2-5 mm. broad, ovate, obtuse, covered
with a powdery bloom. Corolla-tube 1-5 cm. long, 7 mm. in
diameter, tubular, covered with a powdery bloom ; lobes 5 mm.
long, 3 mm. broad, ovate, obtuse. Filaments 2 mm. long,
terete; anthers subglobose. Carpels 1-8 cm. long; stigmas
simple. Glands 3 mm. long, 2 mm. broad, quadrate.
(National Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 8053.)
Plate 341. — Fig. 1, part of inflorescence; Fig. 2, corolla laid open to
show position of stamens ; Fig. 3, carpels with glands at base.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
342.
C.Letty del.
Plate 342.
ALOE AFFINIS.
Transvaal.
Liliaceae. Tribe Aloineae.
Aloe, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 776.
Aloe affinis, Berger in Engler Pflanzenreich, iv. 38. iii. 2. p. 206.
This Aloe is one of the lesser known of the species found
in the Transvaal. It was first collected by Wilms near
Lydenburg in 1894, and does not appear to have been exten-
sively collected since then. It is not unlike A. zebrina and
A. transvaalensis in general appearance, but differs from the
former in the longer flowers and more robust spines, and
from the latter in the much longer bracts. Aloe affinis is
figured here for the first time, and we are indebted to Mr,
J. C. van Balen, Gardener-in-charge, Union Buildings Gardens,
for the specimen, which he cultivated and flowered in Pretoria.
Description : — Acaulescent plant with a basal rosette of
leaves. Leaves up to 17 cm. long, 3-5 cm. broad, ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, with the margins toothed ; teeth about
4 mm. long, ovate, usually about 8 mm. apart. Spathe up to
90 cm. high, branched; main axis and branches terete,
glabrous. Raceme about 13 cm. long. Bracts 7 mm. long,
ovate-lanceolate, long-acuminate. Pedicels as long as the
bracts, terete, glabrous. Perianth 3 cm. long, conspicuously
ventricose at the base ; lobes 1 cm. long, ovate-oblong, obtuse.
Filaments semi-terete ; anthers 3 mm. long, oblong or elliptic
in outline. Ovary oblong in outline; style terete; stigma
simple.
Plate 342. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of flower.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
313
C. Lett y del.
Plate 343.
CYRTANTHUS Balenii.
Zululand.
Amaryllidaceae. Tribe Amarylleae.
Cyrtanthus, Ait ; Benth. et Hoolc.f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 729.
Cyrtanthus Balenii, Phillips, sp. nov. Bulbus 3 cm. diametro, ovoideua.
Folia solitaria, 14 cm. longa, linearia, glabra. Pedunculus fistulosus,
5 cm. longus, glaber, 1-florus. Bracteae 4 cm. longae, membranaceae.
Pedicellus ad 5 cm. longus. Tubus perianthii 3 cm. longus, infra
cylindricus, supra infundibuliformis ; lobi 2 cm. longi, ovati, apice
mucronati. Filamenta 6 mm. longa. Ovarium 5 mm. longum ; stylus
filiformis, apice 3-lobatus. Fructus 3 cm. longus, 2 cm. diametro,
ovoideus.
Zululand, St. Lucia Bay, August, J. C. van Balen in
National Herb. No. 8052.
We have previously figured three species of Cyrtanthus ( C .
helictus, C. sanguineus , C. Galpinii), all belonging to the sub-
genus Gastronema, which is characterised by its members
having a single- or few-flowered inflorescence. The species
figured on the accompanying Plate is very closely related to
C. Galpinii (Plate 159), but differs in the much stouter
peduncles, and the filaments are not very definitely in two
rows.
The plants were collected by Mr. J. C. van Balen, Gardener-
in-charge at the Union Buildings Gardens, near St. Lucia Bay,
where the plant grows in profusion. He was successful in
getting them to flower in Pretoria, and it was from this material
that our Plate was prepared.
Description : — Bulb 3 cm. in diameter, ovoid, with scarious
brown tunics. Leaves produced one at a time, 14 cm. long,
linear, erect and slightly recurving, glabrous. Peduncle
hollow, 5 cm. long, bearing a single erect flower. Bracts 4 cm.
long, membranous, ribbed with scarlet. Pedicel about 5 cm.
long. Perianth-tube 3 cm. long, cylindric below, abruptly
expanding into a funnel-shaped portion; lobes 6 cm. long,
ovate, mucronate. Stamens inserted at the mouth of the
perianth-tube ; filaments about 6 mm. long; anthers about
4 mm. long. Ovary 5 cm. long ; style filiform, overtopping the
anthers; stigmas 3. Fruit 3 cm. long, 2 cm. in diameter,
ellipsoid.
Plate 343 (1| times natural size). — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of
flower.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
34 4
C. Lett y del.
Plate 344.
EUPHORBIA STELLAESPINA.
Cape Province, Namaqualand.
Euphorbiaecae. Tribe Euphorbieae.
Euphorbia, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 258.
Euphorbia stellaespina, Haw. in Phil. Mag. 1827, 275; FI. Cap. vol. v.
sect. ii. p. 354.
This species belongs to a small group of three species in
the genus Euphorbia, which all possess forked or stellately
branching spines from the angles of the stem. It is quite
possible, however, when more living material is available for
study, that the other two species (E. astrispina, E. Pillansii )
may be referred to E. stellaespina. The species has been
recorded from the Beaufort West, Jansenville, and Carnarvon
districts as well as from Little Namaqualand. We are in-
debted to Mr. J. C. van Balen, Gardener-in-charge of the
Union Buildings Gardens, for the specimen figured. The
plant was cultivated by Mr. van Balen in Pretoria.
Description : — Plant 9 cm. high, 4 cm. diameter. Stem
ellipsoid, obtusely 9-angled, spiny, branching, with the
branches globose when young. Spines forked or stellately
branched, 0-9-1 cm. long, dark-brown. Peduncles massed
towards the apex of the stem, 1 -5 cm. long, forked or branched
into 3 arms. Involucres solitary, 2 mm. long, 3 mm. in diam.,
campanulate. Bracts 2, 2 mm. long, 0-75 mm. broad, oblong.
Glands 5, 1 mm. long, 0-5 mm. broad, more or less kidney-
shaped when viewed from above, alternating with 5 oblong
fimbriated scales. Anthers very distinctly 2-lobed. Only
very young ovary seen. (National Herbarium, Pretoria, No.
8031.)
Plate 344. — Fig. 1, peduncle with 2 cymes; Fig. 2, involucre laid open
showing glands and scales ; Fig. 3, a single male flower.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
345.
C.Letty del.
Plate 345.
STAPELIA Nouhuysii.
Cape Province.
Asclepiadaceae. Tribe Stapelieae.
Stapelia, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 784.
Stapelia Nouhuysii, Phillis, sp. nov. ; affinis S. erectiflorae N.E.Br. sed
corona differt. Caules ad 8 cm. longi, 4-angulati, glanduloso-pubes-
centes; anguli dentati. Flores solitarii vel 2-nati. Pedicelli 2-2-5
cm. longi, teretes, glanduloso-pubescentes. Sepala 4-5 mm. longa,
obovata, acuminata, apice acuta, glanduloso-pubescentia. Corolla
2 cm. diametro; tubus intus villosus, extra glaber; lobi 6 mm.
longi, 6 mm. lati, ovati, subacuminati, infra villosi, supra glabri, ciliati,
extra glabri. Coronae exterioris lobi 3 mm. longi, 1 mm. lati, oblongi,
apice obtuse. Coronae interioris lobi 3 mm. longi, bicornuti.
Clanwilliam distr. : near Lambert’s Bay, van Nouhuys
in National Herb., No. 8027.
This charming little Stapelia is closely related to S. erecti-
flora N.E.Br., which comes from the same region, but differs
in not having the corolla-lobes sharply reflexed and in the
differently shaped corona. The plant was found growing on
a small outcrop of Table Mountain sandstone about 2 miles
north of Jackal’s River between Lambert’s Bay and van
Puttensvlei. It was collected by Mr. J. J. van Nouhuys,
who successfully cultivated it at the Division of Plant Industry,
Pretoria, and after whom we have pleasure in naming the
plant.
Description : — Plant spreading and rooting, forming a
clump up to 30 cm. in diameter. Stems up to 8 cm. long,
4-angled, with the angles raised into rounded ridges each of
which ends in a small white tooth, glandular-pubescent.
Flowers solitary or 2-nate, on short peduncles ; bud depressed-
globose. Pedicels 2 to 2-5 cm. long, terete, glandular-pubes-
cent. Calyx-segments 4-5 mm. long, ovate, acuminate, acute,
glandular-pubescent. Coralla 2 cm. in diameter when fully
expanded ; tube saucer-shaped, villous within, glabrous with-
out ; lobes 6 mm. long, 6 mm. broad at the base, ovate, sub-
acuminate, densely villous on the lower half, glabrous on the
upper half except for a marginal fringe of hairs, glabrous
beneath. Outer corona-lobes 3 mm. long, 1 mm. broad, oblong,
obtuse; inner corona-lobes 3 mm. long, divided into two
portions — an outer erect portion and an inner sickel-shaped
portion indexed over the staminal column.
Plate 345. — Fig. 1, part of stem; Fig. 2, calyx; Fig. 3, inner surface
of corolla-lobe ; Fig. 4, outer surface of corolla-lobe ; Fig. 5, corona from
above ; Fig. 6, corona, side view ; Fig. 7, outer corona-lobe ; Fig. 8, cross-
section of stem.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
3^6
C.Letty del.
Plate 346.
LOPHOLAENA Randle.
Transvaal.
Compositae. Tribe Senecionideae.
Lopholaena, DC. ; Benth. et Hook. fil. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 441.
Lopholaena Randii, Sp. Moore in Journ. Bot. vol. xli. p. 133.
The genus Lopholaena is an African genus of nine species,
five of which are found in South Africa, being recorded from
the Transvaal and Natal. The genus is closely allied to
Senecio and Othonna; it differs from the former in the char-
acter of the style-branches and from the latter in all the
florets being fertile.
Lopholaena Randii was first found by Dr. R. F. Rand in
the neighbourhood of Johannesburg and described by Spencer
Le M. Moore in 1903. Since then the plant has been fre-
quently collected both around Johannesburg and on the hills
near Pretoria and is a characteristic shrub on the crests of
the Daspoort Range. Our Plate was prepared from speci-
mens collected by Mr. A. 0. D. Mogg, M.A., in September
1929.
Description : — A glabrous shrub 0*6-1 -3 m. high. Branch-
lets somewhat angled. Leaves alternate, sessile, decurrent,
1*5 to 3 cm. long, 0*5 to 1*4 cm. broad, oblong or elliptic-oblong,
obtuse, 3- to 4-nerved from the base, with translucent margins,
glaucous, glabrous. Heads 14- to 16-flowered, 1*5 to 1*8 cm.
long (excluding the flowers), subcylindric or somewhat
ellipsoid. Involucre concrete, 5-toothed; segments joined by
their membranous edges; teeth ciliate. Receptacle honey-
combed. Corolla 1*6 cm. long, cylindric, subcampanulate
above ; lobes 1 *5 mm. long, ovate, obtuse. Anthers minutely
sagittate at the base, with an ovate-oblong obtuse apical
appendage 0*75 mm. long. Ovary 3 mm. long, ellipsoid, some-
what glandular-hairy; style-branches 2 mm. long, linear,
obtuse, glandular-hairy on the back. Pappus 8 mm. long,
scabrid. Young fruits 7 mm. long, cylindric, glandular-pilose.
Plate 346. — Fig. 1, single head; Fig. 2, a single flower; Fig. 3, stamens
and part of style with style-branches ; Fig. 4, young fruit.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
C.Letty del.
Plate 347.
DIMORPHOTHECA calendulacea var. dtjbia.
Cape Province.
Compositae. Tribe Calendtjlaceae.
Dimorphotheca, Moench. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 453.
Dimorphotheca calendulacea, Harv. var. dubia, Phillips.
The illustration on this Plate should be compared with
that on Plate 246, and it will be seen that the two plants not
only differ in the colour of the ray-florets, but there are also
small anatomical differences in the disc and ray-florets them-
selves. In the plant figured here the ovary of the disc-florets
is not so flattened and the coralla-lobes are distinctly ciliate.
The tube of the corolla of the ray-floret has much longer hairs
than on the plant previously figured. These differences have
led us to keep the present plant distinct as a variety until the
genus is better worked.
Our plant appeared as a volunteer in the greenhouse at
the Division of Plant Industry, Pretoria, and very probably
the seed came originally from either Clan william or Van
Rhynsdorp.
Description : — A glandular annual herb up to 50 cm.
high. Main stem branched and each branch ending in a head.
Radical leaves 11*5 cm. long, 1*3 cm. broad, linear-oblong,
obtuse, narrowed to the base, with the midrib prominent
beneath, with usually 4 conspicuous lobes on each margin,
ciliate, sparsely glandular-pilose ; cauline leaves 3-5 cm. long,
similar to the radical leaves but smaller. Heads 4-8 cm. in
diam. when fully expanded. Involucral-scales 1 cm. long,
linear, acute, with membranous margins, glandular-pilose.
Receptacle 3 cm. in diam., slightly convex. Peduncle hollow.
Ray-florets : Corolla 2*2 cm. long, 4*75 mm. broad, lanceolate,
3-toothed at the apex, tubular below, densely pilose on the
tubular portion. Ovary papillose ; style-branches 1 mm.
long, linear, obtuse. Disc-florets : Corolla-tube 3 mm. long,
tubular at the very base, then becoming subcampanulate,
sparsely glandular-pilose; lobes 0-75 mm. long, ovate, sub-
acute, with a few long purple hairs at the tip. Anthers 1-5
mm. long, blunt at the base, with a small ovate apical appen-
dage. Ovary 1*25 mm. long, flattened, with 2 shoulders;
style scarcely divided, with a ring of hairs.
Plate 347. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section through head; Fig. 2,
involucral bract ; Fig. 3, lower portion of ray-floret ; Fig. 4, upper portion
of ray-floret; Fig. 6, unopened disc-floret; Fig. 6, disc-floret; Fig. 7,
stamens; Fig. 8, style of disc-floret.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
A
348.
C.Letty del.
Plate 348.
EUPHORBIA Kunthii.
Portuguese East Africa.
Euphorbiaceae. Tribe Euphorbieae.
Euphorbia, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook, f Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 258.
Euphorbia Kunthii, Pax in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. vol. 34, p. 83 ; FI. Cap. vol. v.
sect. ii. p. 364.
This species of Euphorbia very closely resembles E.
Schinzii, which is so common on the hills in the neighbourhood
of Pretoria. The living plants can be easily distinguished,
for E. Kunthii is greenish-grey along the depressions of the
stem and light green on the ridges, while E. Schinzii is a
uniform green. In the former the capsule is peduncled, and
sessile in the latter species. Euphorbia Kunthii is only known
from Portuguese East Africa, where it was first collected by
Schlechter in 1897 and described by Pax from Schlechter’s
specimens. The plant not only suckers, but also produces
roots from the stem when the latter comes in contact with
the ground.
The specimen from which our Plate was prepared was
grown by Mr. J. C. van Balen, Gardener-in-charge of the Union
Building Gardens, who collected it at Delagoa Bay.
Description : — Plant 8 to 16 cm. high. Stems succulent,
4-angled, 1 cm. in diam., narrowing towards the base. Leaves
appearing on young shoots only, 5 to 6 mm. long, 2-5 mm.
broad, elliptic-ovate, sub-acuminate, recurved and hooked at
the apex, glabrous. Spines and spine-shields on conical pro-
jections from the stem-angles; shields not as a continuous
ridge. Spines in pairs, 9 mm. long, with a minute pair of
spines higher up on the shield. Scar of old inflorescence
evident. Involucres solitary or sometimes 3-nate, 3-5 to 5 mm.
in diam. Bract 3 mm. long, 2 mm. broad, connate below,
fimbriate above. Glands of involucre forming a cup, 2*5 mm.
broad, somewhat peltate at the apex, with an inward pro-
jecting membranous fimbriated lobe alternating with the
glands. Male flower 3-5 mm. long, subtended by deeply
fimbriated scales 3 mm. long. Female floiver pedicelled ;
ovary ovoid; styles 3; stigmas 2. Pedicels elongating in
fruit which becomes 3-lobed. (National Herbarium, Pretoria,
No. 8030.)
Plate 348. — Fig. 1, a group of 3 cymes on portion of stem which shows
a spine-shield and spines ; Fig. 2, cyme with young fruit ; Fig. 3, cyme show-
ing the two connate bracts ; Fig. 4, a single bract ; Fig. 5, gland of involucre
with fimbriated scale ; Fig. 6, a single male flower ; Fig. 7, a female flower
(pistil) ; Fig. 8, a leaf.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
C.Le tty de].
Plate 349.
IXIA ODORATA.
Cape.
Iridaceae. Tribe Ixieae.
Ixia, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 704.
Ixia odorata, Ker, Gen. Irid. 101 ; FI. Cap. vol. vi. p. 84.
On Plate 317 we figured a species of Ixia (I. monadelpha),
the only species in the genus in which the filaments of the
stamens are connate. The species shown on the accompanying
plate is not localised in the Flora Capensis, Mr. Baker remark-
ing that it was only known to him from the figure in the Botanical
Magazine (t. 1173) published in 1809. From the statement
in the Botanical Magazine, that “ we have never known of the
arrival of any considerable parcel of bulbs from the Cape of
Good Hope which this did not accompany,” the species must
evidently be common, though it is not represented in all the
South African herbaria.
Ixia odorata is an extremely graceful plant; the flowers
are Lemon Yellow (R.C.S. PI. IV), and sweet-scented. We
are indebted to Mrs. J. C. Letty for the specimens, which she
collected on a farm near Darling in the Malmesbury district
in September 1929.
Description: — Corm 1-1 cm. diam., covered with mem-
branous tunics. Stem 50 to 69 cm. long, terete, 1*5 mm. in
diam., glabrous, sparingly branched above. Spikes 2 to
many-flowered. Bracts membranous, 5 mm. long ; outer
with several brown veins, cuspidate with 1 or 2 cusps ; inner
distinctly 2-keeled and with 2 cusps. Perianth-tube dis-
articulating above the ovary, 9*5 mm. long, cylindric below,
becoming slightly widened in the uppermost part, glabrous;
lobes 1*1 cm. long, 5 mm. broad, obovate-oblong, rounded at
the apex. Stamens attached to the throat of the perianth;
filaments 3-5 mm. long; anthers 5 mm. long. Ovary 2 mm.
long, subglobose; style 9*5 mm. long; lobes 7 mm. long.
(National Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 8255.)
Plate 349. — Fig. 1, single flower; Fig. 2, inner bract; Fig. 3, outer
bract; Fig. 4, flower bud w'ith bracts at the base; Fig. 5, pistil; Fig. 6,
young fruit.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
350
Plate 350.
EUPHORBIA fusca.
South Africa.
Euphorbiaceae. Tribe Eupiiorbieae.
Euphorbia, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 258.
Euphorbia fusca, Marloth in Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Afr. ii. 38 ; FI. Cap. vol. v.
sect. ii. p. 319.
This Euphorbia was first found by Dr. R. Marloth near
Britstown and Kimberley and described by him in 1912.
It belongs to the section of the genus characterised by having
the main body of the plant thicker than the branches and
partly or quite buried in the ground, which is a characteristic
habit of many of our native species. The accompanying Plate
should be compared with that of Euphorbia esculenta (Plate
209), which belongs to the same section of the genus, but
differs from E. fusca in not having the peduncles of the
inflorescence persisting for more than one season. In this
respect it agrees with E. tuberculata (see Plate 292). E. fusca
or any of the species related to it never have the branches
spiny.
The specimen was collected by Mr. C. A. Smith, B.Sc., on
the farm “ Bakbank ” in the Fauresmith district in August
1927.
Description : — A dwarf succulent unarmed perennial.
Main stem below the ground, elongated and up to 15 cm. long
or globose and up to 15 cm. in diameter, thickly covered
(sparsely in young specimens) with numerous radiating and
ascending branches which just appear above the surface
of the ground. Branches 2 to 5 cm. long, up to 1 *2 cm. thick,
subcylindric, tessellately tubercled, glabrous; the outermost
row at length deciduous ; tubercles rhomboid-hexagonal,
prominent, with a small white leaf-scar. Leaves rudimentary,
soon deciduous. Peduncles clustered at the apex of each
branch, up to 8 mm. long, persistent, glabrous, each peduncle
bearing a few caducous bracts and a single involucre. Upper
pair of bracts about 2 mm. long, spathulate-obovate, ciliate.
Involucre about 5 mm. in diameter, shallowly cup-shaped,
with 5 glands and 5 fringed and ciliate lobes ; glands separate,
somewhat unequal, about 1-5 mm. broad in the widest part,
transversely elliptic oblong, with 2-5 subulate processes along
their outer margin, glabrous. Male flower of a single stamen,
hairy below the articulation. Ovary sessile, glabrous or
covered with long spreading hairs; style stout, with stout
spreading-recurved, minutely 2-lobed tips. (National Her-
barium, Pretoria, No. 8256.)
Plate 350. — Fig. 1, an involucre; Fig. 2, leaves; Fig. 3, appendages;
Fig. 4, male flower (a single stamen) ; Fig. 5, female flower (a single pistil).
F.P.S.A., 1929.
3.rJ
C.Letty de] .
Plate 351.
TRICHODESMA physaloides.
Transvaal.
Borage* aceae. Tribe Heliotropieae.
Trichodesma, R.Br. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 845.
Trichodesma physaloides, A. DC. in DC. Prodr. vol. x. p. 173 ; FI. Cap.
vol. iv. sect. ii. p. 11.
The genus Trichodesma was described by Robert Brown
in 1810 and based on a species found in Australia. It is a
small genus of ten species found in the tropics and subtropics
of Asia, Africa and Australia. Three species are recorded
from South Africa, and are found in the Transvaal, Orange
Free State, Namaqualand, and from the Ceres and Calvinia dis-
tricts of the Cape Province. The genus is absent from Natal.
Trichodesma physaloides is one of the early spring plants
in the neighbourhood of Pretoria and is quite a feature in the
veld. The large inflorescence, with its pendulous bell-shaped
flowers, makes the plant particularly handsome, but the
flowers rapidly turn brown if handled. The leaves become
fully developed after the flowers fade. The ovary in the
species is rather uncommon, as it is flat and disc-like with the
ovules showing above its surface and covered with a thin
transparent skin, so that unless carefully examined the ovules
might be assumed to be naked.
The specimen was collected by Miss C. Letty at Brooklyn,
Pretoria, in September 1929.
Description : — A herbaceous plant up to 0-6 m. high
from a perennial rootstock. Stems several, reddish in colour,
erect, glabrous. Leaves usually opposite, 4 cm. long, ovate-
lanceolate, covered on both surfaces with small white disc-like
scales. Inflorescence a terminal panicle. Pedicels pendulous,
reddish in colour, 3 cm. long. Calyx somewhat inflated, dark
purplish-pink in colour, 5-lobed ; tube 5-angled ; lobes
slightly shorter than the tube, acute. Corolla pure white,
turning brown, 2 cm. long, shortly and broadly 5-lobed, with
5 small 2-lobed pads in the throat; lobes with a very short
acumen at the apex. Stamens 5, opposite the pads and inserted
near the base of the corolla-tube; filaments very short;
anthers 2-thecae, with a long terminal awn, long-villous on
the back. Ovary flat on the disc, usually 4-lobed, rarely
6-lobed, writh a large ovule in each chamber; style subulate,
1*5 cm. long; stigma terminal. (National Herbarium,
Pretoria, No. 8258.)
Plate 351. — Fig. 1, corolla laid open; Fig. 2, pistil showing the ovule
near the surface of the ovary ; Fig. 3, longitudinal section of the pistil.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
C-Letty del.
Plate 352.
LANDOLPHIA capensis.
Cape, Transvaal.
Apocynaceae. Tribe Carisseae.
Landolphia, Beauv. ; Benth. et Hoolc. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 692.
Landolphia capensis, Oliv. in Hook. Ic. PI. t. 1228 ; FI. Cap. vol. iv.
sect. i. p. 495.
The genus Landolphia is represented by about fifty species
found in Africa and the Mascarene Islands ; four of these are
recorded from South Africa, extending from Delagoa Bay
into Zululand and Natal, and from the Transvaal into the
Griqualand West district. The species vary in habit, some
being large lianes which climb by means of hooked tendrils ;
all contain a latex and several species are exploited as a source
of rubber — the so-called African rubber.
Landolphia capensis, the species figured here, is common
in the neighbourhood of Pretoria and extends westwards
through the Rustenburg district to Marico. It has also been
collected in the Zoutpansberg in the northern Transvaal. In
the veld it is found as a scrambler over bushes and rocks and
in its habit very much resembles Cryptolepis oblongifolia, a
member of the family Asclepiadaceae, with which it is usually
associated. The white flowers are extremely fragrant and
appear during the month of September, the fruits ripening
about the end of December. The local name for the plant is
the wilde appelkoos (wild apricot) or wilde per sice (wild peach),
but the former name is more appropriate, as the yellow fruit
certainly resembles an apricot more than it does a peach.
We are indebted to Mr. A. 0. D. Mogg, M.A., for the speci-
mens which he collected on Meintjies Kop, Pretoria, in
September 1928.
Description : — A scrambler over rocks and bushes.
Branches minutely pubescent, covered with a thin waxy skin
which eventually peels off. Leaves opposite, petioled, leathery ;
petiole 1 cm. long, subterete, glabrous; lamina 4-2 cm. long,
3-2 cm. broad, elliptic, obtuse, entire, with a distinct midrib
and lateral nerves almost at right angles to the midrib, darker
green above, glabrous. Inflorescence a panicled cyme at the
end of the branches. Flowers shortly stalked, very fragrant.
Calyx 6 mm. long, rusty-hirsute, lobed almost to the base;
lobes oblong, obtuse. Corolla-tube 1*4 cm. long, cylindric,
pubescent without, pilose within; lobes 2 cm. long, 5 mm.
broad, oblong, obtuse, slightly narrowing to the base, ciliate.
Stamens attached near the base of the corolla-tube ; filaments
1*5 mm. long, with a few hairs; anthers 1-75 mm. long, lan-
ceolate, subacuminate, acute. Ovary 1-5 mm. long, half-
superior, densely villous on the upper half ; style red, 1-5 mm.
long, terete, glabrous; stigma green, fleshy, 1*5 mm. long,
globose below, divided into 2 lobes above. (National
Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 8260.)
Plate 352. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of flower ; Fig. 2, calyx ;
Fig. 3, bract ; Fig. 4, fruit opened.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
C.Letty del.
Plate 353.
EHRETIA HOTTENTOTICA.
Cape, Transvaal, Natal .
Boragenaceae. Tribe Ehretieae.
Ehretia, Linn ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. 2, p. 840.
Ehretia hollentotica, Burch. Trav. ii. 147 ; FI. Cap. vol. iv. sect. ii. p 5.
The genus Ehretia is represented in the hotter parts of
both hemispheres by over fifty species, but in South Africa
only two species are found. Ehretia hottentotica, figured on
the accompanying Plate, is widely spread in South Africa, but
is absent from the south-western districts of the Cape Province.
The second species, E. amoena Klotz., has only been recorded
from the Barberton district of the Transvaal.
In the neighbourhood of Pretoria Ehretia hottentotica
usually forms one of the components of the bush groups. It
is one of the first shrubs to flower in spring, and in its habitat
is conspicuous owing to the dense mass of mauve flowers with
which it is covered.
The plant is known as stamper-wood, and the wood being
tough and flexible was formerly used by the natives for
making assegai handles. The ripe drupe is said to be edible.
The specimen figured was collected by Miss C. Letty in
October 1929 on a vacant erf near the Union Buildings,
Pretoria.
Description : — A shrub with many divaricate whitish
branches. Leaves on short branchlets, 1 to 2*5 cm. long,
0-5 to 1 cm. broad, obovate, glabrous or the young leaves
slightly puberulous and ciliate. Inflorescence a corymbose
cyme about 3 cm. long. Peduncles and pedicels puberulous.
Calyx usually 5-lobed, occasionally 6-lobed, puberulous ;
lobes deltoid, ciliate. Corolla-tube 5 mm. long, glabrous ;
lobes usually 5, occasionally 6, 4 mm. long, oblong, obtuse.
Stamens 5, occasionally 6, inserted in the corolla-throat and
alternating with the corolla-lobes; filaments 5 mm. long;
anthers versatile, 1*5 mm. long. Ovary 4-chambered; style
5 mm. long, bifid. Fruit globose, about 5 mm. in diam.
(National Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 8257.)
Plate 353. — Fig. 1, a single flower; Fig. 2, a corolla from a 6-merous
flower laid open ; Fig. 3, pistil.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
.9.54
C Letty de].
Plate 354.
BEACH YSTELMA Barberiae.
Cape, Transvaal.
Asolepiadaceae. Tribe Ceropegieae.
Brachystelma, R.Br. ; Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 781.
Brachystelma Barberiae, Harv. ex Hook. fil. in Bot. Mag. t. 5607 ; FI.
Cap. vol. iv. sect. i. p. 864.
The accompanying Plate of Brachystelma Barberiae should
be compared with Plates Nos. 39, 44, 140, 143 and 191,
illustrating various species of the genus Ceropegia. The two
genera differ in the relative length of the corolla-tube when
compared with its diameter ; in the former genus the corolla-
tube is not twice as long as its diameter, while in the latter it
is two to several times as long as its diameter. Brachystelma
was first described by Robert Brown in the Botanical Magazine
(t. 2343), and probably from a plant brought from the Cape
by Bowie in 1823. The genus contains about sixty species,
of which twenty-nine are represented in South Africa, the
remainder being found in tropical Africa and India. Brachy-
stelma Barberiae was named by Harvey, but he did not publish
his description. When Mrs. Barber of “ The Highlands,”
Grahamstown, sent a very fine coloured drawing of the plant
to Sir Joseph Hooker it was reproduced under Harvey’s name
in the Botanical Magazine for the year 1866. In the neigh-
bourhood of Pretoria the species is occasionally found in
flower during the months of September and November.
We are indebted to Mr. L. R. Vogts for the specimen, which
he collected at Waterkloof, near Pretoria.
Description : — An acaulescent plant with a large flattened
tuber. Stems 6-5 to 9 cm. high, pubescent. Leaves 2-5 to
10 cm. long, 0-8 to 2*5 cm. broad, oblong or oblanceolate,
acute, attenuated at the base, pubescent. Inflorescence an
umbel, 7*5 to 10 cm. in diameter. Pedicels up to 2-2 cm. long,
pubescent. Sepals 6 to 9 mm. long, 0*5 to 2 mm. broad.
tapering to an acute apex, pubescent. Corolla with the lobes
connate at their tips forming a cage-like structure, 2*5 to
3‘8 cm. long, pubescent beneath ; tube campanulate, glabrous
within; lobes 2 to 3*8 cm. long, 5 to 6 mm. broad, ovate at
the base, thence contracted into a long linear portion. Outer
corona cup-like, with 5 truncate segments adnate to the inner
corona; inner corona-lobes linear, inflexed on the backs of
the anthers. (National Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 8259.)
Plate 354. — Fig. 1, calyx; Fig. 2, corona viewed from above; Fig. 3,
an outer corona-lobe.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
C.Letty tip).
Plate 355.
NERINE SARNIENSIS.
Cape.
Amar yllld aoeae . Tribe Aharylleae.
Nerine, Herb. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 728.
Nerine samiensis, Herb. App. 19 ; FI. Cap. vol. vi. p. 209.
In the letterpress accompanying Plate 132 we made
reference to this species of Nerine, but only recently had an
opportunity of obtaining fresh material for figuring. Nerine
samiensis was first illustrated in the Botanical Magazine
(t. 294) in the year 1795. In the account therein it is stated
that the bulbs originally came from Japan, and the foundering
on the island of Guernsey of a ship returning from that island
is described, and it was assumed that the bulbs which were
washed ashore and eventually became naturalised came from
Japan. As the genus Nerine is endemic to South Africa there
can be no doubt that the bulbs were a consignment from the
Cape. There is also a record that the plant was successfully
raised in the garden of Johannes Morinus at Paris in 1634,
and was cultivated in England in 1659.
At the Cape Nerine samiensis occurs on Table Mountain,
where it flowers soon after the first winter rains, and is
certainly the most handsome and showy of all the flowers
sought after by mountaineers. A pure white sport has been
found on Table Mountain.
The specimen figured was grown by Dr. I. B. Pole Evans,
C.M.G., at Irene, near Pretoria, from bulbs collected at
Hermanus, C. P.
Description : — Bulb globose, about 3 cm. in diam.
Leaves appearing after the flowers, few to a bulb, 15 cm. long,
1*2 cm. broad, strap-shaped, obtuse, glabrous. Peduncle
25 cm. long, rather compressed, smooth. Umbel 7-20-
flowered. Spathe-valves 2, crimson, ovate-lanceolate. Pedi-
cels 1 to 3 cm. long, of different lengths in the same umbel.
terete, glabrous. Perianth lobed almost to the base; seg-
ments 3-5 cm. long, at length reflexed, oblanceolate, cuneate
at the base into a short claw, crisped on the margin. Stamens
erect; filaments scarlet, slightly longer than the perianth-
segments; anthers 3 mm. long, versatile. Ovary globose,
2 to 3 mm. in diameter. (National Herbarium, Pretoria,
No. 8184.)
Plate 355. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of a flower.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
356.
C.Letty del.
Plate 356.
HAWORTHIA CYMBIFORMIS var. planifolia.
Cape.
Ltliaceae. Tribe Alomeae.
Hawobthia, Duval ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 777.
Haworthia cymbiformis, Haw. Syn. 93, var. planifolia; FI. Cap.
vol. vi. p. 347.
We have previously figured species of the genus Haworthia
and have given some details of the genus. The species illus-
trated here belongs to a different section of the genus from
those illustrated on previous plates. It was introduced into
cultivation in the year 1795 by Francis Masson, who collected
largely in South Africa, and in the Flora Capensis is recorded
from the Somerset East district. The Botanical Magazine
for the year 1805 (t. 802) contains a figure of the species
under the name Aloe cymbiformis, and at that time the plant
was fairly common in cultivation. As will be seen from our
illustration, it is an extremely dainty little plant, and its small
size makes it suitable for a miniature rockery which can be
kept under shelter. Mr. R. A. Dyer, M.Sc., of Grahamstown,
collected the specimens from which our Plate was prepared.
Description : — An acaulescent plant with a rosette of
leaves 3-5 cm. in diameter. Leaves succulent, 1*8 cm. long,
8 mm. broad, oblong, becoming triangular above, acute, flat
on the face, convex on the back, pale green with darker green
markings, translucent in the upper portion, smooth, glabrous.
Scape 16 cm. long, 1*25 mm. in diam., distantly bearing small
white scarious bracts. Floral bracts 3 mm. long, ovate.
Pedicel 2 mm. long, terete. Perianth 1*6 cm. long; segments
white with a light brown keel ; lobes oblong, obtuse Stamens
included. Style obtusely 3-lobed. {Dyer, No. 2082, National
Herbarium, Pretoria.)
Plate 356. — Fig. 1 median longitudinal section of flower ; Fig. 2, single
leaf.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
.*57
C.I etty del.
Plate 357.
BABIANA obliqua.
Cape.
Ieidaceae. Tribe Ixieae.
Babiajsta, Ker. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 706.
Babiana obliqua, Phillips, sp. nov. Cormus 2 cm. diametro, ovoideus,
foliomm basibus reticulatis obtectus. Scapus 16 cm. longus, molliter
pilosus. Folia circiter 3, oblique lanceolata, 7-18 cm. longa; petioli
35-8 cm. longi, parce pilosi vel fere glabri ; lamina acuta, subplicata,
parce pilosa, ciliata, basi valde inaequalia. Inflorescentia 4-flora ;
bracteae 4 cm. longae, 9 mm. latae, lanceolatae, subacutae, parce
pilosae, ciliatae ; bracteolae 2. Perianthii tubus 2 cm. longus, infra
cylindricus, superne campamflatus, lobis 5 cm. longis 9 mm. latis
marginibus undulatis leviter inaequalibus. Ovarium 4' 5 mm. longum,
glabrum ; stylus 35 cm. longus, stigmatibus spatulatis marginibus
glandulosis.
This is the first time we have the pleasure of figuring a
species of this typical Cape genus. Like many of the other
bulbous Monocotyledons described in these pages, species of
Babiana were known in cultivation soon after the Dutch
settled at the Cape. The genus Babiana, in common with the
genera Sparaxis, Tritonia, Gladiolus and Antholyza, species of
which we have figured, has simple style-branches and uni-
lateral stamens, but differs from all of them in its plicate
hairy leaves. The flowers of the majority of the species are
blue and very frequently sweet-scented, and most of them
have deep-seated fibrous corms.
The species is apparently an undescribed one, not having
been matched at Kew or named from any published
description. At Kew there is only one specimen which
seems to be the same ; this was grown by MacOwan from a
bulb collected in Namaqualand. We are indebted for the
specimens to Mr. J. J. van Nouhuys, who collected corms at
Lambert’s Bay and flowered them in Pretoria.
Description : — Corm 2 cm. in diam. at the base, ovoid,
covered with reticulate fibres from the old leaf -bases. Scape
16 cm. long, softly pilose. Produced leaves 3, 7 to 18 cm. long,
consisting of a lanceolate blade and a flattened petiole ; petiole
3*5 to 8 cm. long, sparsely pilose or almost glabrous; blade
4-5 to 9 cm. long, 1-3 to 2 cm. broad, lanceolate, acute, some-
what plicate, sparsely pilose, ciliate, in the lower portion only
developed on one side of the midrib. Spike 6 cm. long,
4-flowered. Bracts 4 cm. long, 9 mm. broad, lanceolate,
subacute, scantily pilose, ciliate; bracteoles 2, similar to the
bracts but narrower. Perianth-tube 2 cm. long, cylindric
below, campanulate above; lobes 5 cm. long, 9 mm. broad,
undulate ; the 3 lower somewhat narrower than the 3 upper.
Filaments shorter than the style. Ovary 4-5 mm. long, ellip-
soid, glabrous; style 3*5 cm. long; stigmas spathulate,
glandular on the edges. (National Herbarium, Pretoria,
No. 8180.)
Plate 357. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal of a flower ; Fig. 2, lower portion
of flower showing ovary and perianth-tube ; Fig. 3, stigmas.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
35 8.
C.Letty del.
Plate 358.
ALOE Davy an a.
Transvaal.
Liliaceae. Tribe Aloineae.
Aloe, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 776.
Aloe Davyana, Schonl. in Bee. Albany Mus. vol. 1. p. 288.
Dr. S. Schonland of Grahamstown described this Aloe
in 1905 from a specimen sent him by Dr. Burtt Davy, and
which had been cultivated at Grahamstown. Dr. Schonland
notes that after some years of cultivation in rather rich soil
the shape of the leaves becomes considerably altered by gaining
in length but not in breadth. In the natural state the leaves
are usually not much longer than broad. Aloe Davyana is
common in the Pretoria district, and with Aloe Peglerae (see
Plate 149) are the two species found on the hills in the neigh-
bourhood of Pretoria. We are indebted to Miss I. C. Verdoorn
for the specimen figured, which she collected at Waterkloof,
near Pretoria, in June 1929.
Description : — An acaulescent plant. Leaves 12 to 14 in
a dense rosette, about 9 cm. long, 9 cm. broad, ovate, acute,
slightly concave on the upper surface, convex beneath, with
numerous dark green stripes, with prickles on the margins;
in old leaves the tip withered and reflexed. Inflorescence a
simple or branched raceme about 0-5 m. high; peduncle
subterete from the base, bearing a few bracts. Floral-bracts
about 15 mm. long, becoming smaller above, clasping the
lower part of the pedicel, ovate-cuspidate, glabrous. Perianth
about 3*2 cm. long, slightly constricted above the base.
Stamens and style eventually slightly exserted. (National
Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 8177.)
Plate 358. — Fig. 1, plant much reduced; Fig. 2, a single flower; Fig. 3,
median longitudinal section of a flower; Fig. 4, cross-section of ovary.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
3S9.
C.Letty del.
Plate 359.
ANTHOLYZA lucidor.
Cape Province.
Ibid ace ae. Tribe Ixieae.
Antholyza, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 710.
Antholyza, Linn. fil. Suppl. 96 ; FI. Cap. vol. vi. p. 170.
We previously figured a species of the genus Antholyza on
Plate 309, and the accompanying illustration should be com-
pared with this, as the latter represents a species of a different
subgenus. Antholyza aethiopica is a representative of the
subgenus Euantholyza, which is characterised by having the
upper perianth-lobe elongated and standing forward, while
A. lucidor, representing the subgenus Homoglossum, has the
perianth-lobes almost equal.
Antholyza lucidor is quite a common plant on the slopes of
Table Mountain above Camp’s Bay, and is also found in other
districts of the south-western Cape Province. Though it was
gathered by the old collectors, and must have been seen by
men like Masson and Niven, who collected in the neighbour-
hood of Table Mountain, it appears strange that no figure of
the species is illustrated in the old botanical publications,
more especially as it is quite a striking plant. We are indebted
to Dr. I. B. Pole Evans, C.M.G., for the specimens, which he
collected at Hermanus and cultivated at Irene, near Pretoria.
Description : — Scape simple, terete, about 45 cm. long.
Cauline leaves about 5, 6 to 10 cm. apart, 8 to 20 cm. long, with
long subulate points, sheathing at the base. Spike about
8 cm. long, dense. Spathe-valves 0*5 to 1*5 cm. long, oblong-
naviculate, with the inner about twice as long as the outer.
Perianth-tube curved, dilated below the middle; lobes about
1 cm. long, oblong. Stamens inserted at the dilated portion
of the perianth-tube, unilateral, reaching to the top of the
upper perianth-lobe; anthers 0-5 cm. long, linear, versatile.
Style about as long as the stamens, with 3 short lobes ; perianth
and stamens at length reflexing, leaving the style exposed.
(National Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 8268.)
Plate 359. — Fig. 1, median longitudinal section of flower.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
C. Le tty del.
Plate 360.
GASTERIA pulchra.
Cape Province.
Liliaceae. Tribe Aloineae.
Gasteria, Duval in Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 775.
Gasteria pulchra, Haw. Syn. 86; FI. Cap. vol. vi. p. 296.
This extremely graceful plant, as far as we know, is not at
all common, and the specimen from which our Plate was
prepared is the first we have seen. Like many other species of
the genus it was fairly well known in European collections over
a century ago. It was figured in the Botanical Magazine
(t. 765) and by Jacquin in 1804, and according to the former
publication was found by Dr. Carl Thunberg on the Outeniqua
Mountains. The two figures quoted above as well as the
figure given by Salm-Dyck ( Monogr . Gen. Aloes, Section 29,
fig. 2) show an elongated stem, but this is probably due to the
fact that these illustrations were made from cultivated plants.
We are indebted to Miss L. Britten and Mr. R. A. Dyer, M.Sc.,
for the specimens, which they collected in the neighbourhood
of Grahamstown, 20 miles along the Peddie Road.
Description : — An acaulescent plant. Leaves in a basal
rosette, 2 to 6 cm. long, up to 1-5 cm. broad at the base,
somewhat flattened above and rounded beneath or almost
subterete but lanceolate-linear in general outline, very pungent,
clasping at the base, glabrous. Scape 32 cm. long ; peduncle
terete, with a few membranous bracts; raceme 25 cm. long.
Floral bracts 5 mm. long, membranous, ovate-lanceolate,
acuminate. Pedicels 1 cm. long, at first horizontal, then
reflexed, becoming almost erect in old flowers. Perianth
1-5 cm. long, globose in the lower half, becoming almost
beaked in the upper half; segments obtuse. Filaments
attached to the base of the perianth ; anthers oblong. Ovary
5 mm. long, somewhat 3-lobed; style 5 mm. long, terete;
stigma minute. (National Herbarium, Pretoria, No. 8173.)
Plate 360. — Fig. 1, a single flower; Fig. 2, median longitudinal section
of a flower; Fig. 3, a withered flower which becomes almost erect; Fig. 4,
pistil ; Fig. 5, cross-section of leaf.
F.P.S.A., 1929.
INDEX TO VOLUME IX.
PLATE