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CONTENTS

The Singapore Botanic Gardens during 1941-46 ok 263

Mr. J. C. Nauen, Obituary be on DGS:

New Species of Vascular Plants from the Malay Peninstla

| by Ry Eo olttum:':.':. . . 267

New Species of Eugene: Linn. (Myrtaceae) by M. R.

Henderson 299

To be purchased at the Botanic Gardens, Singapore.

Be Price $3.50 or 8s. 2d.

Published by Authority.

PRINTED AT THE GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, SINGAPORE,

BY V. C. G. GATRELL, GOVERNMENT PRINTER.

1947 ©

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RECEIVED

PAGE.

CHANGE OF TITLE

The Colony of the Straits Settlements has ceased to

exist. The title of this Bulletin is now therefore changed,

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Gardens’ Bulletin, Straits Settlements, of which the last

issue was Vol. XI, part 3, published 30 August 1941. |

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THE

GARDENS’ BULLETIN:

SINGAPORE

Vol. XI 30th September, 1947 Part 4

THE SINGAPORE BOTANIC GARDENS DURING 1941-46

Prior to the Japanese attack on Malaya, most of the

senior staff of the Gardens were seconded for other duties

under the Departments of Food Control and Information,

for at least part of the time. The result was that botanical

work was reduced, and considerable arrears of unnamed

and undistributed specimens accumulated. The Gardens

were maintained as usual, with the addition of demonstra-

tion plots of vegetables.

After the attack on Malaya, Messrs J. C. Nauen (in

charge of the Waterfall Gardens, Penang) and G. H.

Addison, horticultural officers, were mobilized with the local

defence forces; they were subsequently taken prisoner and

sent to work on the Siam-Burma railway, where Mr. Nauen

lost his life. An appreciation of Mr. Nauen’s services is

given elsewhere in this issue. Mr. J. L. Pestana, Laboratory

Assistant, was similarly taken prisoner and sent to Siam.

Mr. J. W. Ewart, the third senior horticultural officer, was

on leave, and was later transferred temporarily to the Dept.

of Agriculture, Gold Coast. Mr. M. R. Henderson, Curator

of the Herbarium, was evacuated from Singapore with the

Dept. of Information, and subsequently worked in the

herbarium of the National Botanic Gardens, Kirstenbosch,

South Africa. Messrs R. E. Holttum and E. J. H. Corner

remained in Singapore during the Japanese occupation; also

Dr. C. X. Furtado, Assistant Botanist.

At the time of the Japanese attack on Singapore,

fighting ceased on a line about half a mile from the Gardens

boundary. Part of the Gardens was occupied by defending

troops, and a considerable number of small shells were fired

by the Japanese into the Gardens. Most of these exploded

in tree-tops, and caused some casualties later among the

trees. A few small trees were damaged owing to the

digging of trenches and other operations, but on the whole

the woody plants of the Gardens suffered little serious

damage. The Director’s house had a direct hit from a

shell, and the Gardens Store was slightly damaged by a

263

264

bomb which exploded 20 yards away. The offices and

herbarium were undamaged. The local Gardens staff

nearly all remained at their quarters, where they had good

shelters; three or four of them suffered minor injuries.

Three days after the Japanese occupation, Professor

Hidezo Tanakadate, of Tohoku Imperial University,

assumed control of the Gardens. He asked Mr. Holttum to

remain in executive charge, and to resume all normal

norticultural work. The Japanese military required the

supply of some ornamental plants, but only such as were

easily propagated. Professor Tanakadate and his successors

took energetic steps to see that the Gardens were not in any

way despoiled by the Japanese military; and the same

action was also taken with regard to the Nature Reserves

in Singapore Island under the control of the Gardens.

Prof. Tanakadate arranged for the Botanic Gardens and

Raffles Museum to form a single Department under the

Municipality of Singapore, with head office at the Museum.

In Sept. 1942 the Marquis Yoshichika Tokugawa assumed

the office of Honorary President of the Museum and

Gardens; this he held until his departure for Japan in the

middle of 1944.

In December 1942 Professor Kwan Koriba, Professor of

Botany at the Imperial University of. Kyoto, was appointed

Director of the Gardens. Thereafter Mr. Holttum ceased

to have responsibility for garden work, but unofficially

both he and Mr. Corner remained in constant touch

with the local staff and advised them in their work. Garden

work continued throughout the Japanese occupation, but

greatly deteriorated for various reasons. More than half

the outdoor staff (49 men) were sent by the Japanese

military to work in the Siam-Burma railway; some of those

remaining were taken for planting experimental crops of

medicinal, fibre and dye plants in the adjoining Tyersall

estate, and latterly all spent part of their working time in

food production; tools also were gradually reduced both in

number and quality. Fortunately the motor mowers were

maintained in good running order throughout, so that the

grass of the main lawns never got out of hand. Many

outlying parts of the Gardens were neglected and became

overgrown, and there were considerable losses in some

collections of smaller plants. Stocks of pot plants were

greatly reduced. .

Wages for local staff at the end of the Japanese

occupation were less than double the wages of 1941, but

prices gradually increased to about 500 times those of 1941,

with the exception of a small and diminishing fixed-price

ration of rice, sugar and oil. Municipal employees, includ-

ing those of the Gardens, were at a great disadvantage as

Gardens Bulletin, S.

265

compared with persons employed directly by the Japanese

military; but most of the Gardens staff, both indoor and

cutdoor, remained at their work. Had they not done so,

the Gardens could not have been maintained as they were,

nor so quickly rehabilitated in 1946. In this connection,

special credit is due to Mr. Quan Ah Gun, Chief Clerk,

and to Dr. Furtado. Of the men who were sent to work

on the Siam-Burma railway, twenty-two lost their lives.

These included both Indians and Malays.

Prof. Koriba obtained permission for Messrs. Holttum

and Corner to remain in the Gardens and continue their

botanical work. Mr. Corner continued his researches on

the larger fungi, and also made elaborate investigations of

the development of flowers and fruits in various families

of trees, from the appearance of the first floral rudiments

to ripe fruits and seeds. Mr. Holttum spent most of his

time preparing new descriptions of Malay Peninsula repre-

sentatives of the following groups: Ferns, Orchidaceae,

Zingiberaceae, Marantaceae, Gramineae, Cyperaceae.

The Herbarium remained intact (except for the loss

of some specimens on loan in Germany) and also the library.

All the Japanese scientific officers concerned were insistent

that the Herbarium and library (as also the collections at

the Raffles Museum) should be preserved as part of the

cultural heritage of Malaya, and on this basis the British

staff cooperated with them. We-should like to express our

gratitude to Professor Koriba and others concerned for the

disinterested way in which they carried out their duties,

and also for much personal courtesy and_ kindliness.

Professor Koriba himself: carried out a research into the

growth-behaviour of some Malayan trees.

From September 1945 to March 1946, under the British

Military Administration, the Gardens were under the care

of Dr. Gilbert Archey (Director of the Auckland Museum,

New Zealand), who was responsible for Monuments, Fine

Arts and Archives. Mr. Holttum left for England on

September 18th. Mr. Corner remained in Singapore in

immediate charge of the Gardens until November 11th.

Mr. J. W. Ewart returned soon afterwards and had charge

of the Gardens until the return of Mr. M. R. Henderson

in January 1946. Mr. Addison returned to take charge

of horticultural work in April 1946, Mr. Ewart being

appointed to undertake the duties of Agricultural Officer,

Singapore. Mr. Holttum returned to duty as Director in

May 1946. '

Vol. XI. (1947).

266

Mr. J. C. NAUEN

John Charles Nauen came to Singapore in July 1935

as an Assistant Curator of the Gardens. He had previously

served seven years in Bermuda after completing his

training as a Student Gardener at Kew. He remained in

Singapore until July 1939, when he was placed in charge

of the Waterfall Gardens, Penang. When the Japanese

attacked Malaya in December 1941, Mr. Nauen was

mobilized as Sergeant in the Penang Volunteer Force, and

as such was taken prisoner in Singapore in February 1942.

He was subsequently sent to work on the Siam-Burma

railway, where he died as a result of bleod poisoning in

October 19438.

Mr. Nauen was an officer of outstanding ability; and as

a man he was held in affection and esteem by all who knew

him. He had a very wide knowledge of garden plants and

their management, excellent judgment in their use and

arrangement, and a great gift in garden design. He

devoted much thought to his administrative work and to the

welfare and training of those who worked under him. He

helped considerably to raise the standard of horticultural

work in the Gardens both at Singapore and Penang. He

_ devoted much time and thought to the roadside trees of

Singapore. He helped to found a Gardening Society in

Singapore, and did good service as its first Secretary. He

was the leading spirit in the organization of the Society’s

Flower Shows, which were a stimulus to professional and

amateur growers alike. His alert mind, his sense of

humour, his human sympathy, and his integrity of purpose

are the characters by which we remember him. His

untimely death is a great loss to Malaya.

Gardens Bulletin, S.

267

NEW SPECIES OF VASCULAR PLANTS FROM THE

MALAY PENINSULA

By R. E. HOLTTuUM

During a survey of the ferns, orchids, grasses and

Cyperaceae of the Malay Peninsula, based on all specimens

in the Singapore herbarium, a number of undescribed

species were found. These are described below. It is

hoped that full revised accounts of all these families, as

represented in the Malay Peninsula, will be published later.

Various changes of names, found necessary during the work,

are also here published.

FILICALES

Schizaea paucijuga Holit., sp. nev.

Rhizoma parvum, apice pilis tenuibus brunneis c. 114

mm. longis vestitum; frondes simplices, c. 8-20 cm. longae,

basi teretae, supra basin sensim in laminam angustissimam

costatam transientes, haud 1 mm. latae, apice 2—5 lobos

fertiles 7-15 mm. longos ferentes; lobi fertiles margine

glabri, sporangia biseriata pilis brunneis intermixta

ferentes. |

Typus: Kedah Peak, alt. 3000 ped., S.F.N. 1098, leg.

Md. Haniff.

This plant has the aspect of a small S. digitata, with a

distinctly costate but véry narrow blade, and the fertile

lobes apparently digitately arranged. The lobes are also

very like those of S. digitata in appearance, but they have

only two rows of sporangia and the sporangia are accom-

panied by hairs as in S. dichotoma. It is thus somewhat

intermediate between S. digitata and S. dichotoma (nearer

_ the latter) but has fronds no wider than those of S. ma-

laccana. It has the rhizome-hairs of D. digitata.

Phymatodes subfasciata Holtt., sp. nov.

Rhizoma breve, c. 2 mm. diametro, frondes confertas

ferens; paleae haud 3 mm. longae, basi haud 1 mm. latae,

margines pilis brevibus paucis instructae, tenues, rufo-

brunneae. Stipites haud basi anguste decurrente frondis

distincti, ad summum 2 cm. longi. Frondes tenuiter cori-

aceae, ad 20 cm. longae et 12 latae, oblanceolatae, apice

obtusae vel rotundatae, margine manifeste serrulatae, dentes

3—4 mm. dissiti, venae obscurae. Sori in seriebus irregular-

ibus 1-4 inter costam et marginem dispositi, sori bini in

serie quoque inter venas adjacentes, non immersi, parvi sed

interdum contigui; frondes steriles fertilibus similes, paucae.

Vol. XI. (1947).

268

Typus: Fraser’s Hill, S.F.N. 21559, leg. Holttum.

This species is near Polypodium subsparsum Baker

(Sumatra) but differs in the much closer hardly stalked

fronds, the much more distinctly toothed edges, and smaller

sori in more series on larger fronds.

Grammitis crispatula Holtt., sp. nov.

Paleae rhizomatis angustae, acutae, 2 mm. longae,

pallide brunneae, integrae. Stipites c. 1 cm. longi, pilis

rufis confertis patentibus 14 mm. longis vestiti. Frondes

tenues, 4-10 cm. longae, 6-8 mm. latae, basi abrupte

angustatae, apicem versus sensim angustatae, apice obtusae,

marginibus omnino crispatulis, utroque latere pilis brevis-

simis patentibus vestitae. Venae unifurcatae, rami inae-

quales, ramus acroscopicus brevior, cum costa parallelus,

ramus basiscopicus longior, patens, marginem non attin-

gens; sovi ramos acroscopicos venarum occupantes, prope

costam, non contigui.

TYPUS: Perak, Maxwell’s Hill, 3300 ped. alt., S.F.N

12705, leg. Burkill, 6 March 1924.

This species is characterized by its short hairs and

simple basal vein-branch.

Ctenopteris sparsipilosa Holtt., sp. nov.

Rhizoma breve, erectum, frondes fasciculatas ferens;

paleae angustae integrae, pallide brunneae, ad 4 mm. longae.

Frondes brevissime stipitatae, 7-15 cm. longae, 4-7 mm.

latae, apicem et basin versus sensim angustatae, dimidio

costam versus pinnatifidae, costa pilis brevibus adspersis

pallidis (vel rufis ?) instructa; lobi laminae basi 2-214 mm.

lati, obtuse triangulares vel semi-elliptici, integri; venae

unifurcatae; sori in ramis acroscopicis venarum positi,

elliptici (receptaculum elongatum), leviter immersi,

sporangia nuda.

TypPus: Gunong Brinchang, alt. 6000 ped., S.F.N.

23522, leg. Holttum.

Near Polypodium subpinnatifidum Bl. of Java, Sumatra

and Borneo, differing in the absence of spreading hairs on

the frond, in broader fronds, with the lower edges of the

lobes never revolute, distinctly elongate sori and non-setose

sporangia.

Thelypteris herbacea Holtt., sp. nov.

Caudex brevis, erectus. Stipites fasciculati, ad 30 cm.

longi, tenues, basi excepta pallidi, ex toto capillis mollis

pallidis brevibus vestiti; squamae breves, angustae, fere

nigrae, mox deciduae, raro in frondibus adultis persistentes.

Lamina fere ad 35 cm. longa et 13 cm. lata, pinnae liberae

fere 15-jugatae, inter se distantes c. 2.5 cm., infimae

Gardens Bulletin, S.

269

deflexae sed non reductae; pinnae maximae c. 7 cm. longae

et 13 mm. latae, acuminatae, sessiles, margine 3/4 ad

costam lobatae; lobi oblongi, obtusi, integri, 2-5-3 mm. lati;

lobus infimus acroscopicus leviter elongatus et interdum ad

costam incisus; textura laminae tenuis, herbacea; color in

sicco pallide olivaceus; rachis straminea, supra dense pilis

brevibus, infra pilis patentibus pallidis paucioribus vestitae ;

costae supra pilis crassulis pallidis appressis vestitae, pili

similes super venas et margines adspersi; costae infra pilis

brevioribus, tenuioribus, patentibus, pallidis vestitae; pili

pauci similes venas adspersi; glandulae nullae. Venulae in

lobis simplicis, 4—5—jugatae, pallidae, utrinque distincte

elevatae; sorl in medio venarum aut leviter infra medium;

indusia reniformia, brunnea, persistentia, pilis rigidis

pallidis paucis instructa.

Typus: G. Tahan, S. Reriang, alt. 3000-3500 ped.,

S.F.N. 20571, leg. Holttum. Also G. Tahan, Wray’s Camp,

Ridley 16212; G. Padang (Trengganu), 4000 ft., Moysey

S.ny:26.6:1937.

This is most nearly related to Dryopteris pectiniformis

C. Chr. but differs in the scales on the stipe being smaller,

darker and not persistent, the pinnae smaller but with

broader blunt segments, the surfaces not glandular. It is

possible however that 7. herbacea may exist in two varieties,

one with glands and one without, like D. pectiniformis.

T. herbacea differs from D. viscosa (J. Sm.) C. Chr. in

the pale stipes and rachis, deciduous scales, thinner texture

of the lamina and absence of superficial yellow glands.

Cyclosorus ecallosus Holtt., sp. nov.

Caudex brevis repens; stipites fasciculati, basin versus

squamulis angustis brunneis vestiti, cetera glabri, ad 100

em. longi. Lamina 100 cm. longa et ultra, 45 cm. lata.

Pinnae multijugatae, sessiles; pinnae infimae .2— vel 3-

jugatae haud 2 cm. longae, basi acroscopica valde auri-

culatae; pinnae subbasales basin versus leviter angustatae,

basi acroscopica auriculatae (auriculae magnae, lobatae) :

pinnae mediales et superiores basi truncatae vel late

cuneatae, maximae c. 28 cm. longae et 2:5 cm. latae, apice

longe acuminatae, margine dimidio costam versus incisae;

lobt fere recti, patentes, truncati, apicem versus leviter

dentati, basi c. 5 mm. lati; textura laminae tenuis, in sicco

subtus verruculosa; rachis et costae supra hirsutae, lamina

cetera glabra; venulae 7-10-jugatae, subtus pallidae et

valde prominentes, infimae solum anastomosantes, vena

excurrens recta, ad basin membranae sinus terminata;

venulae sub-basales latera membranae attingentes, ceterae

ad marginem liberam lobi terminatae; sori inframediales,

Vol. XI. (1947).

270

-

in ordinibus duobus cum costulis parallelis; indusia per-

sistentia, integra.

TyPpus: Pahang, Cameron Highlands, alt. 5000 ped.,

S.F.N. 31294, leg. Holttum. Also same locality, S.F.N.

23427, leg. Holttum. This is closely allied to C. truncatus

(Poir.) Farw., agreeing in texture and verrucose character

of the lamina, in the sori arranged in two parallel rows near

the costules, and in pubescence. It differs in having the .

few lower pinnae prominently auricled on the upper base,

with 2 or 38 pairs of greatly reduced pinnae below them,

and-no small auricles on the stipe, and in having only one

pair of veins truly anastomosing, the next pair meeting the

sides of the sinus-membrane which is somewhat longer than

in C. truncatus.

Elaphoglossum peninsulare Holtt., sp. nov.

Rhizoma breve, c. 5 mm. diam.; paleae fusco-brunneae,

angustae, acuminatae, marginibus irregulariter dentatis vel

lobatis. Stipites frondium sterilium supra articulationem

nulli, infra articulationem 10-15 mm. longi; stipites fron-

dium fertilium 7-15 cm. longi, in juventute dense paleacei.

Frondes stertles coriaceae, ad 40 cm. longae et 6.5 cm. latae,

oblanceolatae, basin versus sensim angustatae, apice ob-

tusae, margine non cartilagineae, infra in juventute

paleaceae, paleae costales eis rhizomatis similes sed minores,

paleae paginae minutae, stellatae, multiradiatae. Frondes

fertiles quam sterilibus breviores, 1-7-3:7 cm. latae.

TYPUS: Patani (Lower Siam), Betong, Ban Chanaka,

210-350 m. alt., leg. Eryl Smith 2021, 9 August 1923. Also:

Penang Hill 2000 ft., Holttum s.n. 6.1.19387; Richmond Pool, -

Ridley s.n. 1898. Pahang, Tahan River, Ridley s.n. 1891.

This species grows with FE. melanostictum (Bl.) Moore

on Penang Hill and is rarely fertile. It is easily dis-

tinguishable from EF. melanostictum by its broader fronds,

more abruptly narrowed to the bluntly pointed apex, and

in its thicker texture. The scales on the lower surface

are also more conspicuously stellate, and the fertile fronds

very much wider than those of F. melanostictum (which

are only 1 cm. wide).

Elaphoglossum brevifolium Holtt., sp. nov.

Rhizoma paleaceum ei E. callifolvi simile; stipites fron-

dium sterilium 4—12 cm. longi, frondium fertilium 20-25 cm.

longi, infra laminam anguste alati, in juventute paleacei,

paleae partim eis rhizomatis similes, partim parvulae irre-

gulares. Frondes steriles crasse carnosae, 8—12 cm. longae,

3-5-6 cm. latae, basi anguste cuneatae, apice obtusae, mar-

ginibus 14 mm. latis pellucidis, frondes juveniles infra

paleis minutis irregulariter stellatis adspersis instructae.

Frondes fertiles 8-10 cm. longae, 2-3 cm. latae.

Gardens Bulletin, S.

271

TypPus: Pahang, G. Tahan, alt. 4500 ped., S.F. N.

20750, leg. Holttum, 2 September 1928.

This species has been found on G. Tahan by two other

collectors, and a small:specimen also on G. Batu Puteh

(Main Range, Perak) at 4500-6000 ft. The short broad

blunt fleshy fronds with very conspicuous cartilaginous

edge, and the very long stipes of the fertile fronds are

characteristic.

Bolbitis singaporensis Holtt., sp. nov.

B. quoyanae affinis, differt: pinnis crenatis vel paululo

lobatis, basi antice late cuneatis plerumque auriculatis,

postice angustioribus, rotundatis; venulis areolas costales

et costulares formantibus, areolis ceteris paucis, interdum

nullis; costulis maxime 6 mm. dissitis.

Rhizome creeping, the apex bearing thin narrow dull

brown scales c. 5 mm. long. Stipes close together, green

when living, pale when dry, bearing scattered scales

throughout, to about 25 cm. long in sterile and 40 cm. in

fertile fronds. Lamina of sterile frond to about 45 cm.

long and 20 cm. wide, pinnae about 12 pairs below the

narrowly deltoid lobed pinnatifid apical portion; lowest

pinnae slightly shorter than those next above, hardly

stalked, subequally cuneate at the base; remaining pinnae

to about 13 by 2:5 cm., subtruncate or broadly cuneate and

usually slightly auricled on the anterior base, rather

narrowly rounded on the posterior side, the margins crenate

or shallowly lobed, the crenations or lobes entire except

for a single (usually small) tooth often present -in the

sinuses; ‘texture firm-herbaceous, drying rather dark

olivaceous, the smaller veins not clearly raised on either

surface; costules 5-6 mm. apart, at about 60° to the costa,

straight ; veins forming a regular series of costal areoles

and usually a few costular areoles, with at most one other

series of areoles between those of adjacent costules; in the ©

distal part of some pinnae all veins free except for the

costal areoles. Fertile fronds with about 10 pairs of

pinnae, pinnae to about 6-5 cm. long and 8 mm. wide, the

margins entire or crenate, the apex blunt, veins as in the

sterile fronds but much closer together, bearing sporangia

throughout, the sporangia filling the whole lower surface

at maturity.

TYPE: Bukit Timah, Singapore, Hullett s.n., March

1882 (2 sheets).

This is intermediate between Bolbitis quoyana and

Egenolfia appendiculata. It has only been collected in one

valley on Bukit Timah, where both these species grow, on

granite rocks in the stream bed.

Vol. XT. (1947).

272

Dryopteris (§ Polystichopsis) Haniffii Holtt., sp. nov. Fig. 1.

Caudex brevis terrestris. Stipites fasciculati, ad 70

cm. longi, dimidio basin versus squamulis angustis integris

castaneis vel fuscis, ad 15 mm. longis et 114 mm. latis dense

vestiti, squamae in dimidio superiore breviores, angustiores,

fusciores, in frondibus senescentibus plerumque deciduae.

Lamina ad 55 em. longa et 40 cm. lata, copiose tripinnata,

basi quadripinnata, deltoidea; pinnae infimae maximae,

pinnulae earum basiscopicae infimae quam sequentibus haud

longiores. Pinnae infimae ad 22 cm. longae et 9 cm. latae,

pinnulae maximae ad 6 cm. longae et 2 cm. latae, foliolae

ordinis tertii ad 2 cm. longae et 6 mm. latae, foliolae ordinis

eet «

Fig. 1. Dryopteris Haniffii: a pinnule and a tertiary leaflet

Gardens Bulletin, S.

273

quarti, lobique maximi pinnarum superiorum, ad 8 mm.

longae et 2 mm. latae; foliolae vel lobi ultimi acuti, apice

dentibus 1-3 brevibus rigidis instructae. Textura laminae

subcoriacea; color supra in vivo atroviridis, nitens, in sicco

atro-olivaceus; rachides, costae, laminaque squamulis angus-

tissimis (plerumque filiformibus) adspersis vestiti. Venae

in foliolis pinnatae, venulae furcatae (interdum bis fur-

catae); sori in ramulis acroscopicis sedentes, terminales;

indusia non visa. 3

Typus: Pahang, Cameron Highlands, Brinchang, alt.

5000 ped., S.F.N. 31286, leg. Holttum. Also G- Kerbau, alt.

6000 ft., leg. Haniff no. 4038.

This beautiful species is evidently allied to Aspidiwm

carvifolium Kze., but differs in its much more finely dis-

sected condition, with very narrow leaflets. It was first

collected in 1909 by the late Mohamed Haniff, Overseer of

the Waterfall Gardens, Penang, and IJ name it to perpetuate

his memory as a discriminating collector of ferns, and as a

keen field botanist from whom I learnt much.

Athyrium angustisquamatum Holtt., sp. nov.

Rhizoma erectum, apice squamis linearibus ad 2 cm.

longis haud 14 mm. latis brunneis nitidis leviter undulatis

apicem versus dentatis dense vestitum. Stipites c. 45 cm.

longi, basin versus nigrescentes, apicem versus in vivo

virides, basin versus squamulis angustis dense vestiti, supra

basin sparse squamati. Lamina bipinnata-tripinnatifida,

c. 85 cm. longa et 70 cm. lata; pinnae infimae 30 cm. longae,

stipitibus 5 cm. longis instructi; pinnae maximae 40 cm.

longae et 16 cm. latae, stipitibus 2-5 cm. longis instructi;

pinnulae plerumque alternae, pinnulae liberae c. 16-jugatae,

infimae leviter reductae, maximae c. 9 cm. longae et 2-4 cm.

latae, subsessiles, basi fere aequaliter truncatae (superiores

late cuneatae), apice breviter acuminatae, dentatae, margine

4/5 costulam versus lobatae; lobi leviter obliqui, c. 5 mm.

lati, apice truncati vel rotundati, subintegri vel leviter

crenatoserrati, sinubus angustis separati; rachides, costae,

costulae, venaeque subtus squamulis angustis pallidis valde

dentatis adspersis instructae, pagina supra glabra; textura

laminae herbacea, color in sicco olivaceus; venae in lobis ad

7—-jugatae, simplices, rarissime furcatae, obliquae; sori

minuti, ad basin venarum sedentes, rotundati; recepta-

culum leviter elevatum; indusium non visum.

Typus: Selangor, Ginting Simpak, alt. 2500 ped.,

S.F.N. 37359 leg. Holttum.

This species has the aspect of a bipinnate species such

as A. latisquamatum Holtt. or A. procumbens Holtt., but

Vol Ay (1947).

274

differs most strikingly in the long very narrow medium

brown shining scales, and in the very small sori. Only one

tertile frond was found, and the sori are rather old.

Taenitis dimorpha Holit., sp. nov.

Frondes steriles semper simplices, lamina ad 40 cm.

longa et 4:5 cm. lata, stipites plerumque 10-20 cm. longi;

frondes fertiles jonge stipitatae, plerumque trifoliatas vel

pinnatae, pinnae ad 4—jugatae, plerumque 20-30 cm. longae

et 8-10 mm. latae.

Typus: G. Muntahak, Johore, alt. 2000 ped., S.F.N.

17399, leg. Holttum.

This species is closely allied to the variable T. blech-

noides, but the latter always has pinnate sterile fronds on

well grown plants, and there is never such a difference in

width between fertile and sterile fronds. T. dimorpha has

been found at several localities in Johore, Malacca, Selangor

and Pahang, and seems quite distinct; but it grows in the

same places as T. blechnoides and the two should be com-

pared in the field.

Vittaria angustissima Holtt., sp. nov.

Rhizoma breve, repens, paleis 2-3 mm. longis integris

anguste acuminatis dense vestitum. Frondes confertae, 3—9

cm. longae et 1 mm. latae, basin versus sensim angustatae;

costa supra leviter caniculata, infra plana; sorz interdum

unilaterales, interdum bilaterales, fere apicem et basin

frondis attingentes, submarginales, profunde immersi;

cellulae extremae paraphysium obovoideae latitudine longi-

tudine aequales.

TyPus: Pahang, Fraser’s Hill, alt. 4000 ped., leg.

C. E. Carr, March 1929. Also same locality, S.F.N. 8835,

Burkill & Hoittum.

This species is evidently allied to V. parvula Bory

(V. lUoydiifolia Racib.) of Java, but is even smaller, and

differs in its smaller hair-pointed scales and in the fact

that many fronds have sori on one edge of the lamina only.

In the fronds which have one sorus only, the non-soriferous

half of the lamina is evenly attenuated to the thin margin;

where both edges are fertile, the appearance is much as in

V. angustifolia Bl., the middle area between the sori almost

fiat on the lower surface, distinctly narrower than the full

width of the frond, its edges raised somewhat when the

sorus is fully mature with many ripe sporangia.

Gardens Bulletin, S.

275

ORCHIDACEAE

Acriopsis Carrii Holtt., sp. nov.

A. javanica affinis, differt: foliis ad 30 cm. longis et

1 cm. latis; inflorescentia ad 40 cm. longa, ramis pluribus

(ad 12), rigide patentibus, brevioribus (5-12 cm. longis) ;

floribus immaculatis; labello albo, gynostemium viride,

cucullo brachiaque albescentibus; sepalis petalisque pallide

flavescentibus; lamina labelli 3144 mm. longa, basin 1144 mm.

lata, supra basin fere ad 1 mm. angustata, apice reflexa,

emarginata, carinis 114 mm. longis.

TyPus: Gua Musang, Kelantan, 400 ft. leg. C. E.

Carr, no. 135.

Also collected at Gua Musang by Henderson, by the

Sungei Galas, on Platycerium Ridleyi (fern), epiphytic on

a Dipterocarpus tree by the river (S.F.N. 22623) ; also at

Bator, Kelantan by Haniff & Nur (S.F.N. 12054).

- Anoectochilus duplex Holtt., sp. nov.

Herba c. 10 cm. alta; lamina folii ad 35 cm. longa,

2-1 cm. lata, ovata, brevissime acuta, viridis, petiolus cum

vagina ad 2 cm. longus; scapus brevissimus; rachis brevis,

pubescens, 3—5 flores ferens; bracteae pilis longis adspersis

vestitae, ad 11 mm. longae, quam ovarium breviores;

sepalum dorsale 5 mm. longum, late ovatum, obtusum;

petala tenuia, sepalo dorsali “agglutinata; sepala lateralia

basi valde concava, basin labelli amplectentia, 9 mm. longa;

labellum 12 mm. longum, in basi saccata medio carinatum,

utrinque glandulis duabus instructum; lobi laterales nulli;

unguis angusta, marginibus inflexis contiguis, extus

utrinque lamellam dupliciter pectinatam ferens, dentes

ordinis primi 4, 2-3 mm. longae, ordinis secundi minores;

lamella extrema labelli bilobata, lobi 614 mm. longi, 4 mm.

lati; gynostemium 414 mm. aitum, rostello lato incluso, facie

inferiore prope stigmata alis duobus parvis triangularibus

instructum.

TyPpus: Semangkok Pass, leg. W. S. Napier,

February 1904.

Also collected at Fraser’s Hill by Burkill & Holttum

(F.D. 7803) ; flowers greenish, blade of lip white. Differs

trom all other known species of Anoectochilus in the double

row of teeth on the flange of the claw of the lip, and also

from other Peninsula species in the short upper sepal.

Ascocentrum micranthum ( Lindl.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Saccolabium micranthum Lindl., Gen. et Sp.

Orch. 220. 1833.

Vol. XI. (1947).

276

Synonyms: Cleisostoma micranthum King & Pantl.,

Ann. Calc. 8: 234, pl. 312. 1898.

Saccolabium fissum Ridl., J. Linn. Soc. 32: 361. 1896.

There is a drawing of Ridley’s species at Singapore,

and I have examined the type specimen. I cannot see that

it differs from Pantling’s drawing. It does not belong to

the genus Cleisostoma (now called Pomatocalpa), having no

appendage in the back of the lip. If the flowers were much |

enlarged, the species would be placed in the genus Vanda.

I am not sure that it is properly placed in Ascocentrum,

but can find no other genus for it.

Bulbophyllum (§ Micromonanthe) nigromaculatum Holtt.,

sp: nev. Fig..2

B. tenuifolio Lindl. affinis, -differt: pseudobulbis

majoribus (1:5 cm. longis) non angulatis; sepalis multo

longioribus (9-10 mm. longis), sepalis Jateralibus obscure

purpureo-striatis, sepalo dorsale venulis 3 viridibus in-

structo; petalis margine maculis nigris 3 ornatis; labello

majore (7 mm. longo), basin versus atropurpureo, basi

infra papilloso.

{ em

Fig. 2. Bulbophyllum nigromaculatum: plant; flower in face and

oblique view; base of lip from below.

Pseudobulbs almost touching, ovoid, to 1:5 cm. long,

flusheG with purple; leaf to 6 by 1-5 cm., hardly stalked,

base flushed with purple; scape 2 cm. long, pedicel 3-5 cm.;

sepals pale green, laterals slightly flushed with purple eibas

the veins, upper with 3 green veins, all 9-10 mm. long,

414-5 mm. wide, abruptly short-pointed; petals 3 mm. long,

nearly circular, pale yellow with apical black spot and a

smaller one on each side of it; lip bent at right angles

close to the base, 7 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, tongue-shaped,

base dark purplish with a yellow median groove, apex

Gardens Bulletin, S.

277

yellow with purple spots, lower surface purple, papillose

near .base; column green, anther with arms on each side of

it yellow, arms as tall as anther; column-foot flushed with

purple, with a free curved end bearing the lip.

TYPE: Cameron Highlands, 4800 ft. alt., leg. Holttum,

August 1946. ¢

Calanthe cleistogama Holtt. -» Sp. Nov.

Folia ignota; flores non aperti; sepala viridi-flaves-

centia, c. 8 mm. longa, 314 mm. lata, brevissime mucronata ;

petala similia, flavescentia, leviter breviores; labellum

flavum, 9 mm. longum, calcare incluso; calear 2-5 mm:

Jongum ; lamina labelli 4 mm. longa, integra, valde concava,

apice marginibus elevatis, 314 mm. lata, breviter acuta:

gynostemium album.-

TyPus: Fraser’s Hill, leg. C. E. Carr.

The above description is based on flowers in alcohol

and colour notes made by the collector. The only other

Malayan species of Calanthe with flowers of comparable

size is C. Foerstermannit.

Calanthe johorensis Holtt., sp. nov.

Fol lamina ad 70 cm. longa, 8 cm. lata, petiolus cum

vagina c. 20 cm. longus; scapus c. 80 cm. longus, rachis

ad 30 cm., multiflora; bracteae c. 2-5 em. longae, caducae;

pedicellus cum ovario c. 1 cm. longus; flores albi; sepala

1 em. longa, 5 mm. lata, breviter acuta, petala 4 mm. lata,

oblonga, obtusa; calcar labelli 11 mm. longum, rectum,

clavatum, angulum 30° cum ovario faciens; lamina labelli

trilobata, lobi laterales parvi, auriculiformes, ad basin

laminae positi, lobus intermedius oblongus, c. 4144 mm.

longus et 214 mm. latus, basin versus costis 3 haud elevatis

instructus, apicem versus reflexus, leviter concavus, apice

bilobus, lobi rotundati, 14 mm. longi.

Typus: Johore, G. Panti, leg. C. E. Carr, November

1932.

The very long inflorescence of pure white flowers is

distinctive among Peninsula species of Calanthe with

caducous bracts.

Camarotis adnata (Ridl.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Sarcochilus adnatus Ridl., J. Linn. Soc.

32: 373. 1896.

Synonym: Saccolabium adnatum Ridl., Flora Mal. Pen.

4: 174, 1924.

I have examined the type specimen; it is undoubtedly

a Camarotis, and distinct from all other species known

to me.

Vol. XI. (1947).

278

Coelogyne (§ Longifoliae) stipitibulbum Holtt., sp. nov.

Pseudobulbi 2-3 cm. dissiti, ad 6 cm. longi, 214, cm.

lati, basi stipitiformes, supra medium dilatati, obtuse 4—

angulati, demum longitudinaliter corrugati; folia 2, ad 15

cm. longa et 3 cm. lata, basi in petiolum 2 cm. longum

angustata, margine crispata; scapus 6-10 cm. longus, com-

pressus, 2-214 mm. latus, rachis demum 30 cm. vel ultra

longa, internodia c. 10 mm. longa, bracteae 2:5-2:8 cm.

longae; flores omnino pallide salmonei; sepalum dorsale

26-29 cm. longum, 10 mm. latum; petala 2 mm._ lata;

labellum 2:3 cm. longum, lobi laterales erecti, antice breviter

rotundati, quam lobo intermedio multo breviores, lobus

intermedius 1:5 cm. longus, 8 mm. latus, leviter convexus,

anguste elllipticus, apice acutus, carinis duabus levibus

humilibus usque ad dimidium = lobi extensis instructus;

gynostemium quam lobis lateralibus labelli brevius, apice

late alatum, truncatum.

TYPE: Cameron Highlands, S.F.N. 23284, leg. Holttum

& Henderson.

This species is closely allied to C. carnea, but differs in

stalked pseudobulbs thickened in the upper half, larger

flowers with differently shaped midlobe and proportionately

shorter sidelobes and column.

Corybas caudatus Holtt., sp. nov.

Folia cordata, acuta, c. 18 mm. longa et 12 mm. lata,

pallide viridia, margine non crispata; flos c. 2 cm. alta,

ovario 4 mm. longo incluso; sepalum dorsale album, rubro-

striatum, basi erectum, 3 mm. latum, apicem versus hori-

zontale, leviter cucullatum, 7 mm. latum, apice rotundatum,

in caudam 3-4 mm. longam abrupte productum, margine

prope caudam leviter irregulariter dentatum; sepala later-

alia petalaque rubra, basin versus alba, 3-3-5 cm. longa;

labellum album, rubrostriatum, basi erectum, marginibus

cucullum sepali dorsalis fere attingens, medio abrupte

recurvum, margine alba fimbriata fere circulum formante,

i5 mm. latum, fimbriae ad 214 mm. longae; calearia 4 mm.

longa, supra rubra.

TyPus: G. Tahan, fe E. J. H. Corner, 1937.

This species is similar to C. pictus in its long lateral

sepals and petal, but differs in (1) leaf not crisped, (2)

caudate apex of dorsal sepal, (3) longer fringe on the lip.

Cystopus macranthus (Hk. fil.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Odontochilus macranthus Hk. f., F.B.I. 6:

98. 1890... Ie. PL.,. t.. 2161.-

Synonym: Anoectochilus macranthus Ridl., Mat. FI.

M.P. 12 215, 3967:

3 Gardens Bulletin, S.

279

As pointed out by Ridley, this species is a true

Cystopus, which genus is maintained by J. J. Smith, being

distinguished from Anoectochilus by having the two stigmas

united. C. macranthus differs from most species of

Cystopus by lacking a toothed flange on either side of the

claw of the lip. }

Cystorchis gracilis (Hk. f.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Gdodyera gracilis Hk. f., F.B.I. 6: 112. 1890.

1c}: PIG 2138.

In typical Cystorchis the spur of the lip has a vesicle

on each side at the base, each vesicle containing a gland.

In C. gracilis, the spur is not elongated beyond the vesicles,

which coalesce, giving a saccate structure containing two

glands, as in C. aberrans J.J.S. (Bull. Buitenz. Ser. 3, 5:

22. 1922), which may be conspecific with C. gracilis.

Otherwise the flowers are like Cystorchis, not like Goodyera,

which has hairs in the base of the lip.

Dendrobium (§ Calcaritera) brinchangensis Holtt., sp. nov.

Fig. 3.

Pseudobulbt ad 70 cm. longi, internodia 2-214 cm.

longa; folia maxima 18 cm. longa, prope basin 16 mm. lata,

apicem versus sensim angustata, vaginae purpureo-suffusae ;

inflorescentiae flores 1-3 ferentes; flores pallide lilacini,

labello maculo flavo medio ornato; sepalum dorsale 12 mm.

ijongum, 6 mm. latum; mentum 12 mm. longum, fere rectum ;

petala 12 mm. longa, 4144 mm. lata, acuta; labellum cum

apice pedis gynostemii junctum, calear 5 mm. longum

faciens, pars libera labelli 17 mm. longa, fere plana, lamina

quam ungue paullo latior, 41% mm. lata, apice abrupte

angustata, obtusa, basi carinis 2 humilibus V-—forme con-

- venientibus instructa, conjunctio carinarum leviter elongata,

libera, in ore calcaris posita.

Fig. 3. Dendrobium brinchangensis: end of pseudobulb with one

inflorescence; upper surface of free part of labellum;

fiower in face view. _

Vol. XI. (1947).

~

280

TYPE: G. Brinchang, Cameron Highlands, S.F.N.

23533, leg. Holttum.

Allied to D. cornutum Hk. f. but differing in colour,

in the equal length of upper sepal and mentum, the nearly

flat lip with abrupt apex and longer closed spur. Found

on three occasions on G. Brinchang, where it is common at

5500-6000 ft., flowering in April, August and December.

Dendrobium (§ Conostalix) melanochlamys Holtt., nom. nov.

D. villosulum Wall. apud. Hk. f., F.B.I. 5: 728. 1890.

(Not D. villosulwm Lindl. 1852).

Dendrochilum Blume.

It is now usual to unite Platyclinis with this genus.

Some of Ridley’s species of Platyclinis have not yet been

transferred to Dendrochilum: the necessary new combina-

tions are proposed below.

Dendrochilum carnosum (Ridl.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Platyclinis carnosa Ridl., Journ. F.M.S. Mus.

6: 56. 1915.

Dendrochilum gramineum (Ridl.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Platyclinis graminea Ridl., Journ. F.M.S.

Mus. 6: 57. 1915.

Dendrochilum lineare (Ridl.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Platyclinis linearis Ridl., J. Linn. Soc. 32:

230. 1896.

Eria (§ Hymeneria) clavata Holtt., sp. nov.

Pseudobulbi c. 4 em. longi, 1 cm. diam., 2—foliati; folia

ec. 7 cm. longa, 1:4 cm. lata; inflorescentia erecta, 4 cm.

longa, flores 8 ferens ; bracteae pallide virides, 8 mm. longae,

4 mm. latae; sepala petalaque alba, apice pallide rubra;

sepalum dorsale 8 mm. longum, 314 mm. latum; sepala

laterala cum. pede gynostemii mentum 4 mm. longum

formantia, mentum angulum 60° cum ovario faciens;

labellum trilobatum, pallide rubrum, lobis lateralibus cari-

nisque atropurpureis, latere visum e basi ad apicem cur-

vatum, carinis 3 basin versus donatum, carina media in

Jobum intermedium producta, in callo parvo semiorbiculare

terminata; lobus intermedius apice recurvus, leviter emar-

ginatus, medio carnosus, papillosus, parte carnosa basin

versus ampliata, ad basin labelli producta.

TypPus: Fraser’s Hill, leg. C. E. Carr, 1929.

In habit this species resembles #’. Maingayi, but differs

in broader leaves and different colour and shape of flowers.

Gardens Bulletin, S.

281.

Habenaria sumatrana Schltr., var. major Holtt., var. nov.

A speciei typica differt: floribus majoribus; sepalis

petalisque 7-8 mm. longis; labello 12 mm. longo, basi viride

6 mm. longa et 3 mm. lata, lamella alba abrupte ampliata,

12 mm. lata, 3—-lobata, lobis lateralibus angulo 60° patenti-

__ bus, rhomboideis, 4 mm. latis, margine leviter dentatis, lobo

ates obtuso, 2mm. longo, 1 mm. lato, caleare 3 mm.

ongo

This variety is rather éommon in open places in Kedah.

It should perhaps rank as a separate species; but further

information about the variation of H. sumatrana is needed

before this can be decided. The form of H. sumatrana

described from Java by J. J. Smith seems to be larger

than that common in Malaya, and perhaps comes between

the latter and var. major.

Kuhlhasseltia Carrii Holtt., sp. nov.

Planta florens c. 18 cm. alta; lamina folii c. 4 cm.

longa, 14 mm. lata, elliptica, acuta, petiolus cum vagina 16

mm. longus; scapus 11 cm. longus, breviter pubescens,

bracteas steriles 3, ad 4 cm. longas, ferens; rachis brevis,

flores 3 ferens; bracteae ad 9 mm. longae, marginibus hir-

sutis, cetera glabrae; ovarium c. 10 mm. longum, pubescens;

sepalum dorsale 8 mm. longum, glabrum; sepala lateralia

basin labelli amplectentia; petala angusta, sepalo dorsali

agglutinata; labellum 8 mm. longum, basi saccata 15 mm.

alta, lamella bilobata, lobi patentes, 214 mm. longi,

to mm. lati.

TyPuS: Fraser’s Hill, leg. C. E. Carr, November 1930.

This has larger flowers than the other species of the |

genus, and much larger leaves.

Liparis (§ Platystylis) hirundo Holtt., sp. nov. Fig. 4.

Pseudobulbt ovoidei, c. 6 mm. alti, 2-foliati; folii

lamina ad 2 cm. longa, 5 mm. lata, elliptica, acuta, petiolus

cum vagina infra articulum ad 6 mm. longus; inflorescentia

ad 7 cm. longa, tenuissima, scapus brevis, anguste alatus;

rachis anguste alata, flores c. 5 mm. dissiti, bracteae 2-3

mm. longae; pedicellus cum ovario 5-6 mm. longus; sepala

3144 mm. longa, marginibus revolutis; sepala lateralia post

labellum adjacentia, pro parte adjuncta; petala angustis-

sima haud 2144 mm. longa, reflexa; labellum 2144 mm.

longum, basi ad gynostemium adpressum, carnosum, antice

excavatum, cetera angulum 90° cum gynostemio faciens,

-prope basin abrupte ampliatum, fere oblongum, angulis

basalibus leviter productis et recurvis, apice brevissime

Vol. XI. (1947).

282

acutum; gynostemium 214 mm. longum, curvatum, utroque

latere alatum, prope stigma alis duabus angustis 142 mm.

longis reflexis, antice infra apicem alis duabus brevibus late °

triangularibus donatum.

eat

e

Fig. 4. Liparis hirundo: plant in natural position; flower in front

and side view; column from back and side.

TyPus: Cameron Highlands, leg. Batten-Pooll, 1939-40.

This species is related to L. decurrens and a few others

of Java, Sumatra and the eastern Himalayas, but none of

them are so small, and none have the long wings on each

side of the stigma. These wings are spreading and curved

backwards, and in that position have the shape of a

swallow’s wings in flight, the anther representing the head

of the bird and the front column-wings its breast. The

flowers are a pale salmon-pink, the lip deeper in colour

than the rest. The leaves are pale green, and the plants

hang from the branches of trees beside small forest streams

in sheltered places.

Malaxis Soland.

It is now usual to include Microstylis Nutt. in Malaxis.

Some species of the Peninsula need transferring to the

latter genus, and the new names are proposed below.

Malaxis macrochila (Rolfe) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Microstylis macrochila Rolfe, Kew Bull.

1895: 6.

Gardens Bulletin, S.

2835

Malaxis nemoralis (Ridl.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Microstylis nemoralis Ridl., J. Str. Br. R.As.

Soc. 54: 47. 1910.

Malaxis perakensis (Ridl.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Microstylis perakensis Ridl., J. Linn. Soc.

32: 222. 1896.

Malaxis reniloba (Carr) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Microstylis reniloba Carr, Gard. Bull. S.S.

72.8. 1ded.

Malaxis stenophylla Holtt., sp. nov.

Pseudobulbi ec. 1 cm. alti, folia c. 6 ferentes; folha

maxima 6 cm. longa et 6 mm. lata, apicem versus angusta-

tus, marginibus leviter crispata, basi vaginata, vagina 10

mm. longa; inflorescentia ad 12 cm. alta, tenuis, scapus ad

® em. longus; flores 3-5 mm. dissiti, simul aperti, pauci;

bracteae 314 mm. longae, pedicelli cum ovariis 4-5 mm.

longi; sepala 2 mm. longa, lata; petala valde angustiora;

labellum totum 214 mm. longum, fere 214 mm. latum, 3-—

lobatum, lobi magnitudine fere aequales; lobi laterales

elliptici, obliqui, post gynostemium in auriculis rotundatis

brevibus producti; lobus intermedius cordatus, apice bre-

viter bidentatus, dentes leviter incurvi, sinus rotundatus;

gynostemium breve, alis brevibus donatum.

Typus: Trengganu, G. Padang, alt. 4000 ft., S.F.N.

33932, leg. Moysey.

This species is probably nearest to M. calophylla, but

has very narrow leaves, and a distinctly trilobed lip. The

shape of the side-lobes is nearly as in M. reniloba (Carr),

but the whole lip is much smaller in M. stenophylia and the

midlobe proportionately much larger than in M. reniloba.

No colours of the flowers were recorded.

Malleola altocarinata Holtt., sp. nov.

Caulis brevis, pendulus; folia pauca, c. 8 cm. longa,

25 cm. lata, oblanceolata, apice obtusa inaequaliter bilo-

bulata; inflorescentia c. 10 cm. longa, pendula, multiflora;

flores 8 mm. longi; sepalum dorsale supra gynostemium

cucullatum, c. 4 mm. longum, 2144 mm. latum; sepala

lateralia patentia, 4 mm. longa, 214 mm. lata; petala 314

mm. longa, haud 2 mm. lata, acuta; Tabellum ovarium versus

reflexum; lobi laterales carnosi, humiles, rotundati, leviter

patentes; lobus intermedius anguste triangularis, carnosus,

apice reflexus, 2 mm. longus, basi alto-carinatus, carina

supra ostium calcaris elevata, basi utroque latere ad lobos

laterales juncta; calcar sub ostio primo late cylindricum,

Vol, AP (1947).

; 284

3 mm. longum et 2 mm. latum, demum constrictum, apice

fere globosum, 1 mm. diam., intus postice callo parvo

instructum: gynostemium 114 mm. altum.

Typus: Ginting Simpah, Selangor, leg. Mungo Park,

October 1932.

This is allied to M. aberrans from Celebes and M.

baliensis from Bali and Java; all agree in having a high

keel at the base of the midlobe of the lip.

Malleola macranthera (Ridl.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Saccolabium macrantherum Ridl., Kew Bull.

1926: 478.

Synonym: Abdominea macranthera Carr, Gard. Bull.

5.5. 73.54, pk -ep. 1996. i

| I think Carr was mistaken in including this species

in Abdominea. The large rostellum of Abdominea minimt-

flora (Hk. f.) J.J.S. has a narrow base and is quite different

in shape from that of Saccolabium macrantherum Ridl.

Abdominea also has four pollinia, and a lip of quite different

shape. The column and spur of S. macrantherum agree

quite well in shape with species of Malleola, and the stipes

of the pollinia also.

Oberonia calcicola Holtt., sp. nov.

Caules brevissimi, folia c. 6 ferentes ; folia flabelliforme

patentia, maxima 55 cm. longa, 9 mm. lata, fere recta,

e basi lata sensim angustata, apice breviter acuta; inflores-

centia c. 10 cm. longa, erecta vel apice nutans, scapus c. 1

cm. longus; flores in verticillis c. 6—floribus dispositi, verti- |

cilli 2 mm. dissiti; bracteae 2 mm. longae, fere integrae;

sepala petalaque integra; sepala refiexa, late ovata, lateralia

quam dorsale latiora; petala anguste oblonga; labellum

petalis aequilongum, basi carnosum, 3-lobatum; lobi

_laterales parvi, breves, fere quadrangulares, integri; lobus

intermedius oblongus, e basi paullo ampliatus, apice bilo-

batus, lobuli angusti, acuti, breves, sinus latus.

TyPpus:. Langkawi, S.F.N. 21398, leg. Henderson.

The flower on the only oe is old and the details of

the lip uncertain.

Oberonia flabellifera Holtt., sp. nov.

Caules ad 2:5 em. longi, leviter sinuati, 3—5—foliati;

folka angulum infra 45° cum caule facientia, supra basin

vaginata c. 15 cm. longa, 214 mm. lata, oblonga, breviter

acuta; inflorescentia ad 7 cm. longa, scapus 10 mm.; flores

in verticillis c. 7—-floribus dispositi, verticilli 3-4 mm. dissiti;

bracteae breves, latae, margine minute papillosae; pedicellus

cum ovario 1 mm. paullo superans; sepala petalaque pallide

flavescentia, omnia patentia, aequilonga, flos totus 114 mm.

Gardens Bulletin, S.

285

latus; sepala late ovata, fere aequalia, integra, sepalum

dorsale obtusum, lateralia acuta; petala quam dimidium

sepali paullo latiora, obovata, margine irregulariter dentata ;

labellum ochraceum, petalis aequilongum, circumscriptione

fere semiorbiculare, 3—lobatum; lobus intermedius angustus,

apicem versus ampliatus, apice plus minusve emarginatus;

lobi laterales flabelliformes, profunde incisi, dentes basin

labelli versus decrescentes.

TYPUS: Johore, Mawai, S.F.N. 28162, leg. E. ar Len xP

Corner.

Also found on old mangrove in Singapore. The side-

lobes of the lip almost meet the midlobe, which is not very

distinct ; otherwise the lip is very like that of O. stenophylla,

‘but the leaves are very short and the apices of the sepals

not defiexed.

Oberonia transversiloba Holtt., sp. nov. :

Caules ec. 45 em. longi, c. 6—foliati; folia cum caule

angulum parvum facientia, fere recta, apicem versus leviter

incurva, acuta, prope basin valde articulata, supra articulum

c. 9-5 em. longa, 5 mm. lata; inflorescentia erecta, ad 16 cm.

longa, scapus 6 cm.; flores in verticiillis c. 6—floribus dis-

positi, verticilli 214-3 mm. dissiti; bracteae integrae;

pedicellus cum ovario 2 mm. longus; sepalum dorsale peta-

laque patentia, integra, fere aequalia; petala tamen apice

angustiora; sepala lateralia latiora, reflexa; labellum auran-

tiaco-fiavum, 3—lobatum, petalis aequilongum, fascia humile

e basi fere ad apicem donatum; lobi laterales parvi,

rotundati; lobus intermedius transverse oblongus, margini-

bus leviter et irregulariter dentatis.

TyPus: Pahang, Gua Tipus, S.F.N. 19448, leg. M. R.

Henderson.

Octarrhena condensata (Ridl.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Oberonia condensata Ridl., Journ. Linn. Soc. 38: 322.

1908.

I have collected fresh specimens of this species at

Cameron Highlands and compared them with the type.

This species is much larger than Octarrhena parvula, with

stems to 20 cm. long, leaves to 3:5 cm. long and 5 mm. wide,

much flattened laterally, and crowded flowers of a deeper

vellow colour.

Pennilabium acuminatum (Ridl.) Holtt. comb. nov.

Basinym: Sarcochilus acuminatus Ridl., Journ. F.M.S.

Mus. 4: 72. 1909.

I have examined the type of this species; it is certainly

a Pennilabium.

Vot- 2s (C1 947):

286

Phaius longipes (Hk. f.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Calanthe longipes Hk. f., F.B.1. 6: 195. 1890.

Oldest name: C. gracilis Lindl., Gen. et Sp. Orch 251.

1833. (Not Phaius gracilis Hayata 1911).

Though aberrant in the genus Phaius, this species, with

column and lip not joined together, appears to me better

piaced in Phaius than in Calanthe.

Phaius pauciflorus Bl., Mus. Bot. 2: 181. 1852. (Limatodis

Bl. 1825), var. pallidus (Ridl.) Holtt., stat. nov.

Basinym: Phaius pallidus Ridl., Journ. Linn. Soc. 32:

313. 1896.

Synonym: Limatodis pallidus Ridl., Fl. Mal. Penin. 4:

124. 1924.

Three varieties of P. pauciflorus have been described

in Java and Sumatra (see J.J.S. in Fed. Rep. 32: 238 for

synonymy). The Malay Peninsula plants appear to me to

come within the range of the species so interpreted, but

are slightly different from var. sumatranus.

Phalaenopsis decumbens (Griff.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Aerides decumbens Griff., Notul. 3: 365.

185t:" fe: +t, 320. |

Synonyms: Kingiella decumbens Rolfe, Orch. Rev. 25:

197. 1917; “Raal Flora 4-758:

Phalaenopsis wightti Rehb. f., Bot. Zeit. 1862: 214.

Doritis wightit Benth., Gen. Plant. 3: 574. 1883.

King & Pantl., Ann. Calc. 8: 198, t. 265. .

Phalaenopsis hebe Rehb. f., Hamb. Gartenz. 18: 35.

1862. J.J.S., Fl. Buit. 6: 550, fig. 417.

I can see no clear distinction between Pantling’s

illustration of Doritis wightti and J. J. Smith’s of

Phalaenopsis hebe. I agree with J. J. Smith in referring

this species to Phalaenopsis, and it appears that Griffith’s

is the oldest name.

Pholidota longibulba Holtt., sp. nov.

Pseudobulbi 1-2 em. dissiti, 7-9 cm. longi, prope basin

15-20 mm. lati, apicem versus sensim attenuati, valde angu-

lati, laeves, unifoliati. Lamina folii ad 30 cm. longa et

25 em. lata, oblanceolata, apice breve acuminata, venae

primariae 5, petiolus 214-4 cm. longus. Inflorescentia cum

folio immaturo in apice pseudobulbi immaturi explicata;

scapus tandem 18 cm. longus, haud 1 mm. diametro, erectus;

rachis ad 18 cm. longa, nutans, flexuosa, internodia c. 4 mm.

longa; bracteae deciduae, 9 mm. longae, 5 mm. latae, ellip-

ticae, apice rotundatae; pedicelli nulli, ovarium 2144 mm.

longum. Sepalum dorsale 444 mm. longum, 314 mm. latum,

ovatum, apice rotundatum, concavum; sepala lateralia 5mm.

Gardens Bulletin, S.

287

longa, valde carinata, concava. Petala 314 mm. longa, 2

mm. lata, ovata, acuta. Saccus labelli 312 mm. longus, 214

mm. latus, intus 3—venulosus, venulis non carinatis, antice

lobum unicum ferens; lobus recurvatus, explicatus reniform-

is, 314 mm. latus, 2 mm. longus, basi callo leviter bilobo cum

sacco junctus. Gynostemium 2 mm. longum, 114 mm. latum;

rostellum fere erectum; alae laterales angustae, lobo parvo

triangulo prope stigma instructae; ala apicalis brevis, trun-

cata; anthera fere horizontalis, explicata 1:7 mm. lata,

1-3 mm. longa.

TyPus: Pahang, Cameron Highlands, 4800 ped. alt.,

leg. Holttum, Aug. 1946.

Pomatocalpa setulense (Ridl.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Saccolabium setulense Ridl., J.S.B.R.A.S. 59:

198. 1911.

I have examined the type of this species; it is a Poma-

tocalpa, as defined by J. J. Smith.

Rhynchostylis gigantea (lLindl.) Ridl., var. Harrisoniana

(Hk.) Holtt.

Basinym: Saccolabium Harrisonianum Hk., Bot. Mag. t.

5433. 1864.

It appears to me that Hooker’s species is no more than

a colour variety of R. gigantea.

Sareanthus capricornis (Ridl.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Ascochilus capricornis Ridl., Flora Mal.

Penin. 4: 181. 1924.

I have examined the type of this species at Kew. It is

undoubtedly a Sarcanthus, and appears to be distinct from

any other species already described, though very near to

the Siamese S. recurvus Downie, which has a larger inflores-

cence and smaller flowers. The following is a revised

description.

Stems to about 15 cm. long, internodes about 5 mm.

long; leaves 214-4 em. long, terete, strongly recurved, acute,

about 8 mm. thick; inflorescences about 6 cm. long including

the scape of barely 1 cm.; bracts 1 mm. long, 3 mm. apart;

pedicel and ovary 8 mm. long; wpper sepal nearly 4 mm.

long; petals about 3 by 114 mm.; lip with saccate non-

septate spur 114 mm. long and wide, erect broadly rounded

side-lobes 2 mm. long and wide, narrowly triangular mid-

lobe 3 mm. long and 2 mm. wide, with short hairs at the

entrance to the spur, and a thick bluntly triangular back-

callus; column—foot about 2 mm. long. “Upper petal (2.e.,

sepal) magenta, lower petals brownish green mottled with

red” (collector’s note).

Vol. XI. (1947).

288

Sarcanthus inflexilobus Holitt., sp. nov.

Caulis 5 em. longus, c. 10-foliatus; folia ad 16 cm.

longa et 1 cm. lata, carnosa, apice sensim angustata, bilo-

bulata, obtusa, infra valde carinata; inflorescentia simplex

vel ramulis 1—2 instructa, ad 15 cm. longa; scapus 5 cm.

longus; sepalum dorsale 3 mm: longum, 1144 mm. latum,

obtusum; petala 214 mm. longa, haud 1 mm. lata; labellum

ex apice calcaris ad apicem lobi intermedii 6 mm. longum;

calear anguste conicum, 3 mm. longum, prope apicem solum

longitudinaliter septatum; lobi laterales horizontaliter in-

flexi, in medio ostii calearis fere congredientes; callus ad

basin gynostemii T-formis (antice visus), capite supra

cstium calcaris elevato, basi in lacunam inter lobos laterales

descendens; lobus intermedius concavus, non callosus, sagit-

tatus, 214 mm. longus et latus, lobulis basalibus angustatis,

acutis, elevatis, apice obtusa leviter reflexa.

TyPus: Gua Musang, Kelantan, August 1929, leg.

C..E. Carr: |

Sareanthus ionosmus (Ridl].) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Cleisostoma ionosmum Ridl., Journ. Linn.

Soc. 32: 336. 1896 (not of Lindley).

Synonym: Saccolabium ionosmum Ridl., Mat. Fl. Mal.

Penin. 1: 170. 1907.

I have examined the type of this species.

Sarecanthus lanatus (Lindl.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Cleisostoma lanatum Lindl., Journ. Hort. Soc.

A= 164. “\ 1349,

Synonym: Sarcanthus bracteatus Ridl., J. Linn. Soc.

32: 010..1896.

I have examined the type of Ridley’s species, and find

it to agree with Saccolabium lanatum Hk. fil., as figured in

Ann. Cale. 5, t. 72. It is peculiar in its hairiness, but seems

to be a true Sarcanthus in flower-structure.

Sareanthus rugulosus (Ridl.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Saccolabium rugulosum Ridl., J.S.B.R.A.S.

39: 82. 1908.

I have examined the type of this species.

Sarcochilus carrii Holtt., sp. nov.

S. siamensis sensu Carr, Gard. Bull. S.S. 5: 31, pl. XJ,

B (1929), non Ascochilus siamensis Ridl., Journ. Linn. Soc.

32: 375. 1896.

Caules brevissimi, c. 5—foliati; folia ad 4 cm. longa,

12 mm. lata; scapus tenuis, minute asperus, erectus, quam

folia brevior; rachis brevis, bracteae brevissimae; flores

pallide flavescentes, labellum album; sepala c. 344 mm.

longa, lateralia 2 mm. lata, dorsale angustius; petala 3 mm.

longa, haud 1 mm. lata; labellum ecalcaratum, dorso lineam

Gardens Bulletin, S.

289

pedis gynostemii continuans, 3 mm. longum; lobi laterales

oblique erecti, obovati, apice rotundati, postice 214 mm.

Jongi, 1-2 mm. lati; lobus intermedius valde carnosus, antice

visus oblongus, breviter acutus, sectione longitudinale

triangularis; gynostemium c. 1:2 mm. longum; pes. gynos-

temii aequilongum, cum gynostemio angulum 90° faciens.

TYPuS: Mentakab, Pahang, leg. C. E. Carr.

This species resembles the true S. siamensis (Ridl.)

Carr in general appearance and colouring, but has no spur.

Carr correctly showed that the two species were distinct

and figured them both; but he evidently did not carefully

examine the type of Ascochilus siamensis, which agrees with

the specimen he named S. mentakabensis. The specimen

figured by him as S. stamensis therefore needs a new name

and diagnosis.

Sarcochilus johorensis Holtt., sp. nov.

Caulis brevis, c. 5—foliatus; folia ad 8 cm. longa, 15

mm. lata, obtusa; scapus 3 cm. longus, asperulus; rachis

1 cm. vel ultra longa, incrassata; flores conferti; bracteae-:

2 mm. longae, latae, obtusae; pedicellus cum ovario c. 8 mm.

longus; sepala petalaque pallide sordide flavescentia; sepala

extus breviter hirsuta; sepalum dorsale 11 mm. longum 5

mm. latum, obovatum, acutum; sepala lateralia brevissime

ad pedem eynostemii juncta; petala 10 mm. longa, 314 mm.

lata; labellum 7:7 mm. longum, fere lineam pedis gynostemii

continuans (calear leviter inflexum) ; lobi laterales sordide

rufobrunnei, erecti, rotundati, apicem versus ampliati, 21

mm. lati; lobus intermedius carnosus, supra calcar sedens,

214 mm. longus, 2 mm. altus, lateraliter compressus, apicem

versus elevatus, antice angulum 90° cum caleare faciens;

calear quam lobus intermedius 3 mm. longius, rectum,

-eylindricum, 2 mm. diam., gynostemium 614 mm. longum;

pes gynostemii 5 mm. longum.

Typus: Johore, Sedili River, leg. C. E. Carr,

October 1932.

Sarcochilus minutiflorus (Ridl.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Ascochilus minutiflorus Ridl., J.S.B.R.A.S.

39: 85. 1903.

Ridley’s Ascochilus is not very sharply differentiated

from Sarcochilus and I prefer to unite it with Sarcochilus.

Thrixspermum scopa (Hk. fil.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Sarcochilus scopa Hk. fil., F.B.I. 6: 40.

1890.

(Thrizspermum arachnites quoad Ridl., Flora M.P.

4: 185, p.p.).

This species appears to be distinct from T. arachnites

(Bl.) Rehb. f. in its much longer stems (internodes 2:5 to

Vol. AL. (1947).

290

5 cm. long, as compared with 1 cm. in T. arachnites), but

is very similar in its flowers. The two need to be cultivated

side by side and critically compared.

‘Thrixspermam (§ Dendrocolla) duplocallosum Holtt., sp.

nov. Fig. 5.

Caulis c. 4 cm. longus, paucifoliatus, internodia 4 mm.

longa; folia c. 6 cm. longa, 11 mm. lata, non carnosa, apice

bilobata, subtus purpurea; scapus purpureus, 4:5 cm. longus,

rachis 8 mm. longa, bracteae 2 mm. longae, late triangulares,

purpurascentes ; pedicellus cum ovario 5 mm. longus; sepala

petalaque alba, leviter roseo-tincta ; sepalum dorsale 614 mm.

longum, 314, mm. latum, sepala lateralia 4 mm. lata; petala

214, mm. lata; labellum petalis sepalisque aequilongum,

glabrum, aurantiacum, callis duobus sordide sanguineis

instructus, lobi laterales erecti, 214 mm. alti, rotundati,

antice non prominentes, lobus intermedius 214, mm. latus,

semiorbicularis, refiexus, margine dentatus, callus anticus

basi lobi intermedii positus, latus, medio depressus, antice

bilobatus callus posticus longitudinaliter extensus, extremis

utrisque breviter liberis; gynostemium album, 215 mm.

longum, pes gynostemii 214 mm. longus, pallide pur-

purascens; capsula purpurea, 514 cm. longa.

TYPUS: Cameron Highlands, 4,800 ft. alt., leg. Holttum

August. 1946. —

Found on a tree in valley forest near waterfall;

described from living plant.

Thrixspermum (§ Dendrocolla) brevicapsularis Holtt.. sp.

nov. Fig. 5.

Caulis 18 em. longus, multifoliatus, internodia 10 mm.

longa; folia 4-5 em. longa, 5-6 mm. lata, valde carnosa,

apice angusto bilobata, omnino purpureo-maculata; scapus

4-6 cm. longus, rachis ad 10 mm. longa, cylindrica, bracteae

1 mm. longae, tenues, apice tantum eminentes, pallide

virides; flores eis T. duplocallosi similes, different: sepalis

petalisque leviter lutescentibus, labello flavo, medio auran-

_ tiaco, basi aurantiaco-striato, callo antico sordide auran-

tiaco, callo postico antice sordide purpureo, lobo intermedio

triangulare, margine non dentato, apice acuto, capsula 3-31/

cm. longa, viride, leviter purpureo-maculata.

TYPUS: Cameron Highlands, 4,800 ft., on an old coffee

bush in exposed place, leg. Holttum Aug. 1946. Described

from living plant.

Gardens Bulletin, S.

291

Smm

Fig. 5. (above) Thrixspermum duplocallosum: whole plant;

flower; pollinia; longitudinal section of flower.

(below) T. brevicapsularis: apical part of plant and a

single flower.

Vol. XI. (1947).

292

Thrixspermum (§ Dendrocoila) Corneri Holtt., sp. nov.

Caulis brevis, c. 3-foliatus ; folia teretia, ad 4 cm. longa,

fere 3 mm. lata; scapus 10 mm. longus; rachis inflores-

centiae incrassata, brevis; bracteae latae, breves, breviter

acutae; pedicellus cum ovario 5 mm. longus; flores pallide

flavescentes, labello pallide brunneo-maculato; sepalum

dorsale 414 mm. longum, 3 mm. latum, late acutum; sepale

lateralia late cum pede gynostemii juncta, 4 mm. lata; petala

obovata, obtusa, 214 mm. lata; labellum e basi gynostemii

ad apicem lobi intermedii 4 mm. longum, ex apice loborum

lateralium ad fundum sacci 7 mm. altum; lobi laterales |

erecti, late rotundati; lobus intermedius truncatus, carnosus,

brevissime pilosus; callus bifidus; saccus intus e callo ad

fundum fascia longe-pilosa instructus; gynostemium breve,

pes gynostemii 214 mm. longum.

TyPpus: Mawai, Johore, by Sedili River, leg. E. J. H.

Corner. (Specimen preserved in alcohol).

Thrixspermum platycaule Holtt., nom. nov.

Basinym: Sarcochilus anceps Ridl, J.S.B.R.A.S. 54:

538. 1909. (Not Thrixspermum anceps (Bl.)

Rehb.f.).

I have examined the type of this species; the lip is

that of Thrixspermum, not Sarcochilus.

Trichoglottis misera (Ridl.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Saccolabium miserum Ridl., Journ. Linn.

. Soc. 32: 359. 1896.

The type of this species has the usual tongue of

Trichoglottis at the base of the column, but not the horns

on either side of the column usually found in that genus;

there is a fleshy thickening on either side of the rostellum.

Uncifera tenuicaulis (Hk. f.) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Saccolabium tenuicaule Hk. f., F.B.I. 6:

64. 1890.

This species differs from the others hitherto referred

to Uncifera in having inflorescences of 1-3 flowers, the spur

curved upwards in front, hairs within the spur, and the

tip of the stipes not recurved. In other respects it agrees

with the other species of Uncifera, and it appears not to be

referable to any other genus at present recognized.

Gardens Bulletin, S.

293

CYPERACEAE

Mapania cuspidata (Miquel) Holtt., comb. nov.

Basinym: Lepironia cuspidata Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat.

Suppl. 603. 1860. .

Synonyms: Lepironia humilis Migq., Ill. Fl. Arch. Ind.

61, t. 21. 1871. (but not Pandanophyllum humile

Mig. 1855).

Mapania lucida N.E. Br. in Ill. Hort. 32: 77, t. 557.

18

85.

M. triquetra Ridl., Journ. Str. Br. R.-Asiat. Soc. 41:

51... F903.

M. petiolata var. cuspidata Uittien, Rec. Trav. Bot.

Néerl. 33: 282. 1936.

This is perhaps not sharply distinct from M. petiolata,

though extreme forms are very different. If the two

are united, as by Uittien (l.c.), the name cuspidata must

be used, being older. But I suggest maintaining them

separate pending further field study.

Mapania insignis Holtt., sp. nov.

M. inopinatae Uittien affinis, differt foliis, scapis,

spiculis multo majoribus.

Leaj-sheaths to 20 em. long, petioles to 40 cm. long

and 8 cm. wide, leaf-blades to 60 cm. long and 11 cm. wide,

caudate apex to 15 em. long. Scape 12-35 cm. long, 3-4

(—5?) mm. diameter, very shortly and densely rough-hairy

throughout (almost as in M. palustris), rusty in appearance

when dried, basal sheaths stiff, acute, to 8 cm. long.

Inflorescence a head of 8-16 sessile spikelets, the whole

314-6 cm. across, with stiff acute primary bracts to 3 cm.

long. Spikelets 2-214 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, the longer

ones with acute apex. Glumes 9-11 mm. long, narrowly

oblong with rounded apex, inner ones thin; scales as long

as glumes, the lateral outer scales hairy on kéels near apex

only. Nut not seen.

TyPus: Pahang, Gunong Tahan, 3,000 ft., S.F.N.

20584, leg. Holttum 27-8-1928. Also at same locality

S.F.N. 8125 (Haniff & Nur) and Ridley 16192; and at

Karak F.R., Pahang, S.F.N. 13883 (Best).

Like M. inopinata, this has the inflorescence of section

Halostemma and the vegetative habit of M. petiolata

C. B. Clarke which, on account of its simple spikelet, is

placed in section Pandanophyllum. Clarke however reports

(F.B.I. 6: 683) that M. petiolata (there called M. humilis)

may have small secondary spikelets in the axils of the basal

bracts, and so may other species, so that the distinction

between the two sections is not a sharp one, and I doubt

if it should be maintained. The group of M. petiolata

Vol. XI. (1947).

294

C. B. Cl, characterized by the petioled leaves, is however

very distinct, and should perhaps constitute a separate

section of the genus.

Mapania micropandanus Holtt., sp. nov.

Caulis erectus, radicibus rectis obliquis sustentus.

Folia c. 30 em. longa, 8-13 mm. lata, tenuia, pallida, basi

leviter angustata et complanata, apice ’breviter et aequaliter

angustata, non caudata, margine per totam longitudinem

acute denticulata, venae primariae 3, media subtus laterales

supra elevatae, omnes omnino denticulatae. Scapus brevis-

simus. Spicula florens 15 mm. longa, 5 mm. lata; glumae

pallidae, tenues, 10 mm. longae, multinervosae, nervis

concoloribus, in sicco leviter elevatis.

TyPus: Johore, S. Kayu Ara, Mawai-Jemaluang Road,

S.F.N. 29362, leg. E. J. H. Corner, 5th May 1935. Also

Pulau Tioman, 1,000 ft., Burkill sn. June 1915.

This little species, like a miniature Pandanus, occurs in

ary Dryobalanops forest and in the drier parts of the

(fresh-water) swampy forest in the Sedili River area,

S.E. Johore. It is distinct from all other species in the

Shape and size of its leaves, which are in texture rather

like those of M. tenuiscapa C. B. Cl. but shorter, shortly

pointed, with only 3 main veins which are finely toothed on

their raised surface almost from base to apex of the leaf

(they are smooth in M. tenuiscapa).

Scleria cyathophora Holtt., sp. nov. -

Caules approximati, fere 100 cm. longi, 214-3 mm.

diametro, acute triquetri, laeves. Folia maxima fere 30 cm.

longa, 5 mm. lata, apice longe acuminata, haud scaberula;

vaginae angustae, non alatae, acute triquetrae, minute

pilosulae, os liguliforme semirotundatum. Inflorescentia

terminalis angusta, fere 12-15 cm. longa, ramo infimo

interdum sejuncto incluso; bracteae primariae inferae folii-

formae, superiores parvae angustae; rami primarii adscen-

dentes, non pedunculati, rami secundarii pauci, brevissimi.

Spiculae rufobrunneae, 4 mm. longae, plerumque androgy-

nae. Antherae 214 mm. longae, anguste apiculatae. Nuzx

haud 3 mm. longa, basi arfgusta, cetera ovoidea, versus

apicem brevissime apiculatum obtuse triquetra, alba, lineis

transversalibus irregularibus interruptis rufopuberulis

instructa; discus cyathiformis, tenuis, pallide rufidulus, lobi

lati, approximati, truncati, leviter et ir regulariter dentati,

fere ad medium nucis attingentes.

TYPUS: Pahang, Tasek Bera, S.F.N. 24042, leg. M. R.

Henderson 14-10-1930 ‘“‘in shallow water’’.

This is related to S. Motleyz C. B. Cl. (S. gonocarpa

Ridl.), but is more slender, has much narrower leaves, and

Gardens Bulletin, S.

295

the disc of the nut forms a cup nearly half the length of

the nut. The shape and hairiness of the nut are almost

as in S. Motleyi, but the upper part is less strongly siacschy

and the apex slightly mucronate.

Diplacrum reticulatum Holtt., sp. nov. Fig. 6.

Habitu et foliis D. earicino affinis, differt internodiis

brevioribus, plerumaue 1-114 cm. longis, membranis orum

vaginarum firmioribus. Spiculae feminae 2 mm. longae,

turbinatae, fere 114 mm. latae, apice leviter acuminatae:

glumae ovatae acutae convexae, nucem amplectentes, in

/ MM

oo ee

Fig. 6. Diplacrum reticulatum, with female spikelet and nut on

right. On left, female spikelet and nut of D.

caricinum.

Vol. XI. (1947).

296

sicco rubro-punctatae, venulae haud distinctae. Nuz alba,

globosa, depressa, longitudine haud 1 mm., latitudine c. 114.

mm., tricarinata, inter carinas reticulata.

TyPus: Pahang, Gua Tipus, Chigar Perah, S.F.N.

19411, leg. M. R. Henderson 15.10.1927; “in damp spot in

lallang field”. (Lallang is Imperata cylindrica).

This species is closely similar in habit to D. caricinum,

but differs in its turbinate, not cylindric, female spikelets

with entire glumes, and in the broader reticulate nut.

GRAMINEAE

Dendrocalamus dumosus (Ridl.) comb. nov.

Schizostachyum dumosum Ridl., Journ. Str. Br. R.

Asiat. Soc. 61: 64. 1912.

The spikelets of this species are one-flowered, and in

every essential agree with the one-flowered spikelets of

D. pendulus Ridl. (which species has either one or two-

flowered spikelets). The spikelets are entirely unlike

Schizostachyum. |

‘ Dendrocalamus elegans (Ridl.) comb. nov.

“Schizostachyum elegans Ridl., Journ. Str. Br. R. Asiat.

Soc. 73: 146. 1916.

The spikelets of this also agree very closely with

those of D. pendulus Ridl., having one or two florets.

“ Dendrocalamus sinuatus (Gamble) comb. nov.

J Oxytenanthera sinuata Gamble, Ann. Cale. 7: 71, pl.

62. 1896.

I have stated the case for the union of Oxytenanthera

with Dendrocalamus in Journ. Arn. Arb. 27: 340. 1946.

’ Schizostachyum Ridleyi (Gamble) comb. nov.

/ Ochlandra Ridleyi Gamble, Ann. Cale. 7: 127, pl.

114. 1896.

In every respect except lodicules (of which there are

6-10), this species is extremely near to S.. latifolium

Gamble, which itself has 4 lodicules, and often basal parts

of anthers winged as if in transition to lodicules.. There is

no evidence that S. Ridleyi has a large fruit, which is one

of the characteristic features of Ochlandra; and Ochlandra

is otherwise only known from southern India.

Gardens Bulletin, S.

297

Vilas iinet velutinus sp. nov.

. Culmi ad 300 cm. longi, ishenmibehtes, 5-6 mm.

diametro apicem versus; folii lamina vulgo 30 cm. longa,

4—4-5 cm. lata, apice acuminata, basi cuneata, infra molliter

velutina, supra glabra, margine scabrida, basi pilis paucis

longis albidis munita, costa pallida; vagina hirsuta vel fere

glabra; ligula haud 1 mm. alta, glabra. Panicula c. 25 cm.

longa, axis primarius hirsutus; ramuli ultimi tenues, glabri

apicem versus dilatati, post delapsu spicularum apice cra-

teriformes, ramulus quisque vulgo apice spiculas tres, infra

apicem spiculas binas ferens; pedicelli c. 2 mm. longi; callus

pilis 5-7 mm. longis patentibus instructus; spiculae c. 314,

mm. longi; glumae glabrae, gluma inferior irregulariter

6—venulosa; lemma inferius latum, leviter trilobatum:;

lemma superius fere dimidio bilobatum, arista pallida, cur-

vata, e basi leommatis 7-8 mm. longa; palea brevis, profunde

bilobata, ciliata; antherae 2 mm. longae; stigmata purpurea.

TyPus: Cameron Highlands, 5,500 ft. alt., in over-

grown tea estate clearing, leg. Holttum, 4.8.1946.

Chrysopogon nemoralis (Balansa) comb. nov.

Andropogon nemoralis Balansa in Morot, Journ. de Bot.

1890: 113.

Vetiveria nemoralis A. Camus, Fl. Gen. Indoch. 7:

329, 1922.

This species differs from most other species of

Chrysopogon in having two sessile spikelets on the larger

branches. In other respects it agrees with Chrysopogon,

and is very different from the ample panicle of Vetiveria.

Rottboellia foveolata sp. nov.

Culmi fasciati, tenues, c. 50-80 cm. alti. Laminae

foliorum ad 25 cm. longae et 6 mm. latae, basin versus

sensim angustatae, supra brevissime dense pubescens:

vaginae margine ciliatae, ad nodos breviter hirsutae; ligula

brevis, ciliata. Racemi c. 6 cm. longi, c. 2 mm. lati; inter-

nodia 3 mm. longa, glabra, pedicelli spicularum paullo

breviora. Spiculae sessiles plerumque (semper?) singu-

lares, internodiis aequilongae, glabrae; gluma inferior

rigida, pallida, ovata, obtusa, apice leviter retusa, carinis

haud alatis, dorso omnino foveolata, foveis irregulariter

quadrangularibus, in seriebus c. 6 longitudinaliter dispositis

(seriebus apicem versus paucioribus), parietibus transversis

spinulis minutis adscendentibus instructis; gluma superior

tenuis, e basi ad apicem carinata, carina apicem versus

anguste alata; lemma flosculae inferioris 2 mm. longum,

latum, tenuissimum, enervatum, palea aequilonga, angustior,

Vol. XI. (1947).

298

2-carinata; lemma flosculae superioris inferiori aequilon-

gum, palea brevior; stamina 3, antherae purpureae, 114 mm.

longae. Spiculae pedicellati 114% mm. longae, glumis 2 tan-

tum constatae; gluma inferior 4—ventlosa, carina anguste

alata; gluma superior angustior, 3—venulosa; pedicellus

liberus (non cum internodio adnatus).

TYPus: Setul. leg. Ridley 15231, March 1910.

This is nearly allied to R. mollicoma Hance, but differs

in the quite glabrous inflorescences, and in the sharply

defined cross-veins connecting the raised veins of the lower

glume, forming series of irregular but distinct subquadran-

gular pits, whereas the cross-connections between the veins

of R. mollicoma are formed only by the swollen bases of the

hairs. The cross-walls of R. foveolata bear small spine-like

outgrowths, often more than one.

Gardens Bulletin, S.

2o0-

NEW SPECIES OF

EUGENIA LINN. (MYRTACEAE)

+

By M. R. HENDERSON, F.L.S.

The following new species of Eugenia are described in

anticipation of a critical review of the genus in the Malay

Peninsula which it is hoped will be published in the near

future. }

ne

Eugenia (§ Syzygium) atronervia sp. nov. Fig. 1.

E.. Dyeriana King et E. Hemsleyana King probabiliter

affinis, sed foliis multo maioribus, inflorescentiis brevioribus,

flioribus multo maioribus differt; necnon EH. pergamentacec

King affinis, sed floribus maioribus, nervis supra non

impressis differt. ‘

A tree 10-12 m. tall, 10 cm. diam. 2 m. from ground,

with low flattened stilt roots. Bark dull rufous fawn,

smooth, entire, becoming slightly creviced, not pustulate or

flaky; inner bark dull madder brown or purplish brown,

wood dull reddish brown.

Twigs very stout, rounded or somewhat flattened, not

angled, bark black or brown, smooth or somewhat ridged,

not flaky.

Leaves large, narrowly elliptic, or oblong elliptic or

oblong lanceolate, up to c. 36 cm. long and 16 cm. broad,

apex shortly and abruptly acuminate, base shortly narrowed

and more or less decurrent on petiole; upper surface drying

dull fuscous brown, lower surface a warm red brown;

primary nerves c. 17-21 pairs, somewhat raised above and

quite conspicuous as are the reticulations, strongly raised

and black below, the lax reticulations also raised and

evident, but much less conspicuous than the primary nerves;

secondaries few to none; primaries nearly straight or gently

curving up to a slightly looped, well marked intramarginal

nerve c. 3 mm. from leaf margin; petiole very stout, widely

channelled above, drying black, c. 2 cm. long.

Inflorescences terminal, from 2-5-5 cm. long, stout, the

largest with a 4-angled peduncle c. 2 cm. long, with 2 pairs of

stout branchlets, the lower pair 7-8 mm. long, each with 3

terminal flowers, the upper pair distant from the lower by

2-5 cm., each c. 2 mm. long with three flowers each, inflores-

cence axis produced 4 mm. above upper branchlets and

bearing 4 flowers; other inflorescences much shorter, c. 2

cm. long, with one pair of very short stout branchlets each

with 3 flowers, and three terminal flowers.

Flowers sessile, buds more or less obovoid, calyx

campanulate or obconic, rather abruptly narrowed into a

Vol. XI. (1947).

/

oF. nfs

ve

%

v

Fig. 1. Eugenia atronervia HENDERSON Del: CHAN YORK CHYE

very short stout pseudostalk, c. 1-8 cm. long, flower c. 2 cm.

across when expanded; calyx lobes 4, persistent, broad,

rounded, c. 5 mm. long and 6+7 mm. broad; petals free, not

quickly deciduous, of the same shape and size as sepals but

thinner in texture; stamens c. 1 cm. long; style c. 1-5 cm.

long; ovary 2-celled, multiovulate.

Gardens Bulletin, S.

'

—

————— EEE Oe

501

Fruit more or less depressed globose, up to c. 4 cm.

diam., apex with a rather deep excavation c. 5 mm. diam.,

fringed by the very short (c. 1 mm. tall) remains of calyx

tube, bearing withered stamens; surface of fruit nearly

black, corrugate with broken shallow vertical ridges and

furrows, smooth in places; pericarp probably pulpy or fleshy,

up to c. 6 mm. thick; seed 1, transversely oblong globose, c.

2-7 cm. across, testa very thick, adhering closely to coty-

ledons; cotyledons side by side, nearly equal, outer surface

finely rugulose, inner faces conspicuously glandular pustu-

late, nearly plane with a shallow wide depression, sessile,

ee and radicle rather small, attached near peripnery

of seed.

JOHORE: Sungai Kayu Ara, Mawai-Jemaluang road, at low

elevations in dry Dryobalanops forest, SFN 29328

(Corner), TYPE collection, holotype in Herb. Singa-

pore; 2nd mile, Mawai-Jemaluang road, Corner s.n.

There are two sheets of Scortechini 2018, Perak, sine

loc., in Herb. Calcutta which may be this species, but the

material is poor, one sheet consisting of incomplete leaves

only, the other with flowers in young bud.

Eugenia (§ Syzygium) Millsii sp. nov. Fig. 2.

Arbor c. 14-17 m. alta, trunco c. 45 cm. diam. Ramuli

teretes, crassi, cortice laevi pallide ochraceo vel fusco.

Folia coriacea, anguste elliptica vel oblongo-elliptica, ad 15

cm. longa et 6 cm. lata, basi cuneata, apice breviter et obtuse

acuta vel interdum plus minusve acuminata, minute punc-

tata; petiolis 5-10 mm. longis; venis primariis utrinque

5-10, supra inconspicuis, in venas duas intra marginenr

confluentibus, in sicco venulis reticulatis inconspicuis vel

obscuris. Paniculae terminales fasciculatae ad 7-8 cm.

longae, pedunculis crassis, plus minusve tetragonis. Flores

3 in apice ramulorum, flos centralis sessilis, exteriori pedicel-

lati. Calycis tubus campanulatus, c. 4 mm. longus, !obis

4 semiorbicularibus, persistentibus, c. 4 mm. longis et 5 mm.

latis. Petala 4, subpersistentia, orbicularia, 6 mm. longa et

5 mm. lata, libera. Stamina ad 10 mm. longa, antheris

oblongis vel late ellipticis, 0-5-0-6 mm. longis. Ovarium

2-loculare. Fructus ignotus.

A tree c. 14-17 metres tall, diam. c. 45. em. at 2 m.

from ground, trunk fluted up toc.2m.from ground. Bark

smooth, brownish grey with irregular surface cracks.

Twigs terete, stout, bark greyish white or pale brown,

smooth, somewhat polished.

Leaves coriaceous, elliptic or oblong elliptic, up to c. 15

cm. long and 6 cm. broad, base cuneate, apex shortly and

bluntly acute or sometimes more or less acuminate, drying

dull brown or cinereous above, dull warm brown below, noth

Vol. XI. (1947).

502

Fig. 2, Eugenia Millsii HENDERSON Del: CHAN YORK CHYE

surfaces minutely punctate; petiole pale coloured, 5-10 mm.

long; midrib impressed above raised below; primary nerves

5-10 pairs, visible but not conspicuous above, very slightly -

raised and very slightly channelled, raised below and more

or less conspicuous, the second or third pair from the base

initiating a conspicuous intramarginal nerve 5-8 mm. from

the leaf margin, the basal one or two pairs running up in a

fainter intramarginal nerve c. 1-3 mm. from margin;

secondaries a little finer and less conspicuous than primaries,

reticulations practically invisible when dry.

Inflorescences terminal or from upper axils, of fascicled

panicles not exceeding 7-8 cm. long, peduncles stout with

pale bark, more or less 4-angled and striate. Flowers in

Gardens Bulletin, S.

303

threes at ends of branchlets, the centre flower of the triads

sessile, the two outers on very short stout pedicels; calyx

tube campanulate, c. 4mm. long, and slightly less across base

of lobes, slightly contracted just below lobes, narrowed to a.

stout pseudostalk less than 1 mm. long; lobes 4, semiorbi-

cular, persistent, c. 4 mm. tall and 5 mm. wide; petals 4,

persistent for some time after the flower is fully open,

orbicular, 6 mm. tall and 65 mm. wide, free; stamens

numerous, longest filaments c. 10 mm. long, anthers oblong

or broadly elliptic, 0:-5-0-6 mm. long; ovary 2-celled with

many ovules; fruit unknown.

KEDAH: Sungai Terap, near Selama, in forest on riverbank

at low altitude, SFN 325431 (Henderson), TYPE

collection, holotype in Herb. Singapore.

Outside of calyx tube and disc pale green; sepals white

or very pale green; petals and stamens white. Very

conspicuous in flower and visited by many insects,

principally butterflies. Flowers in May.

The affinity of this species may be with F. densiflora

var. angustifolia, but it differs in being a tall tree, not a

bush or bushy tree, with tlowers which are smaller and of

a different colour. The venation also differs considerably.

Named after the late Mr. G. R. Mills, through whose

hospitality I was enabled to make collections in the neigh-

bourhood of Selama, Kedah, in May 1938.

Bitaecnid (§ Syzygium) kemamanensis sp. nov. Fig. 3.

Arbor 8-9 m. alta. Ramuli teretes. Folia elliptica vel

elliptico-lanceolata, vel cbovata, apice obtuse breviter

acuminata, basi rotundata vel truncata, ad 18-19 cm. longa,

8-9 cm. lata; nervis primarits utrinque c. 9-11, supra

impressis, inter se distantibus, vena intramarginali con-

junctis; petioli c. 5 mm. longi. Inflorescentiae e nodis

defoliatis ortae, c.4 cm. longae. Flores in apice ramulorum

3, pedicellis c. 2 mm. longis. Calyx in alabastro obconicus,

c. 4-6 mm. longus, lobis 4 rotundatis. Petala 4, calyptrata.

Stamina in alabastro c. 4 mm. longa. Stylus in alabastro c.

4-5 mm. Fructus plus minusve globosus, c. 1-5 em. diam.,

calycis lobis persistentibus coronatus.

A tree c. 8-9 m. tall, bark silvery grey, even, entire,

inner bark pale pink, green below surface, wood pale buff.

Twigs terete, with smooth or somewhat striate bark, pale

silvery grey when dry. Leaves elliptic to elliptic lanceolate,

sometimes more or less obovate, apex bluntly acute or

shortly bluntly acuminate, narrowed to a rounded or

_ truncate base, up to 18-19 ecm. long and 8-9 cm. broad;

drying pale brown on both sides, the upper surface usually

rather darker than the lower, both surfaces minutely rugose

when dry; midrib deeply impressed above, strongly elevate

Vol. XI. (1947).

504

below; primary nerves distant, c. 9-11 pairs, fine and sunk

above, raised below, slender but conspicuous, meeting in a

well marked looped intramarginal nerve c. 0-5-1 em. from

leaf margin, with a much fainter intramarginal much

nearer the margin; reticulations very faint or invisible

above, very fine and lax below; petiole pale, rather stout, c.

5 mm. long.

Fig. 3. Eugenia kemamanensis HENDERSON Del: CHAN YORK CHYE

Inflorescences from below leaves or on side twigs,

practically sessile, c. 4 cm. long, rachis slender, 4-angied or

compressed, with a few distant slender branchlets up to e.

2 cm. long, terminated hy flowers in threes; pedicels not

exceeding 2 mm. long. Flower buds (no opened flowers

seen) c. 4-6 mm. long, obconic, tapering to a short pseudo-

stalk; calyx lobes 4, broad, rounded, concave, c. 4-5 mm.

broad and 3 mm. tall; petals 4, falling as a calyptra, but

Gardens Bulletin, S.

305

separable, similar in shape to the calyx lobes but slightly

larger and thinner in texture; stamens c. 4 mm. long; style

c. 4-5 mm. long.

Fruit (unripe) more or less globose, crowned by the

persistent sepals, c. 15 cm. diam., smooth or faintly verti-

cally ridged, 1-seeded.

KEMAMAN: Ulu Ayam, Kajang, c. 500 ft., in forest, SF'N

80352 (Corner), TYPE collection, holotype in Herb.

Singapore. Flowers and unripe fruit in November.

“ Fruit pale green, flushed pink on one side (unripe) ;

calyx and pedicels often flushed pink.”

Although very little material of this species has been

collected, it appears to be sufficiently distinct. The minutely

wrinkled surfaces give the dried leaves a curiously leathery

appearance.

Fruit preserved in alcohol is globose to depressed

globose, up to c. 2-23 cm. diam., calyx rim very wide, c.

1:4 em. diam., apex of fruit not excavate but slightly convex

with more or less persistent widely separated remains of

calyx lobes. Pedicels of fruit much thicker than those of

flowers. Pericarp fleshy, 15-2 mm. thick, the brownish

testa remaining on seed when pericarp is removed. Coty-

ledons side by side, nearly equal, surface dark, finely

rugulose and wrinkled, opposing faces nearly plane, except

for a narrow radial ridge on one fitting into a corresponding

groove on the other, shortly broadly stalked, radicle very

small, plumule evident.

Meteshain (§ Syzygium) Ngadimaniana sp. nov. Fig. 4.

Arbor c. 20 m. alta. Ramuli teretes. Folia anguste

elliptica vel elliptico-lanceolata vel oblongo-elliptica, ad c.

13 cm. longa et 5 cm. lata, apice abrupte acuminata, plus

minusve caudato-acuminata, basi in petiolum longiter

angustata, costa media supra impressa, subtus elevata; venis

primarus utrinque c. 7-13, 5-10 mm. inter se distantibus,

supra haud conspicuis, subtus teneribus, prominulis, in

venam intramarginalem inconspicuam conjunctis, venis

secundariis et reticulationibus supra obscuris, venis

secundariis subtus teneribus. Petioli 1-1-5 cm. longi.

Inflorescentiae terminales vel ex axillis foliorum superiorum,

paniculatae, ad c. 9 em. longae, pedunculatae. Flores

sessiles, bracteolis oblongo-Janceolatis subacutis, subpersist-

entibus, alabastris obovoideis c. 6-6-5 mm. longis. Calyx

obconicus, 3-4 mm. longus, lobis 5, c. 2 mm. latis et 0.2 mm.

altis, acutis vel subacutis. Petala calyptratim decidua.

Stamina ad c. 8 mm. longa, antheris parvis, ¢. 0-2 mm.

diam., glandula inconspicua. Ovarium biloculare. Bacca

ovoidea ad obovoidea, c. 2 cm. longa et 1:25 em. lata, apice

umbilico 2-3 mm. diam. calvcis lobis persistentibus coronato.

Vol. XL. (1947).

306

A tree c. 20 metres tall. Bark pale brown or fawn

brown, more or less smooth with fine irregular cracks,

scaling in occasional irregular pieces, not papery flaky, with

irregular longitudinal pits or dimples; inner bark thick, c.

_ 1 em., dull red or reddish brown. Twigs terete, youngest

with smooth or slightly pustulate dark brown or reddish

brown or greyish brown bark, older twigs with reddish bark

longitudinally cracked and sometimes slightly flaky. Leaves

thinly coriaceous, from c. 6 cm. long and 3:5 cm. broad or

occasionally smaller to c. 18 cm. * 5 cm., narrowly elliptic

rig. 4. Eugenia Ngadimaniana HENDERSON Del: CHAN YORK CHYE

or elliptic lanceolate. or oblong elliptic, apex abruptly

acuminate, more or less caudate acuminate, acumen 1-1-5

cm. long, base long narrowed on to petiole; upper surface

when dry smooth and often shining, pale brown to dark

brown, minutely and often obscurely pitted, lower surface

usually paler, with minute slightly raised gland dots;

midrib impressed above in a dark coloured channel, raised

below; primary nerves c. T-13 pairs, 5-10 mm. distant,

slender but distinguishable from secondaries, sunk in narrow

channels and not conspicuous above, slightly elevate below,

Gardens Bulletin, S.

o07

meeting in an inconspicuous intramargina! nerve 1-2 mm.

from leaf margin; secondaries and reticulations almost

invisible above,secondaries below nearly as conspicuous as

primaries but distinguishable from them, reticulations below

usually faint; petiole slender, 1-1-5 cm. long, reddish brown;

finely wrinkled, channelled above.

Panicles terminal or from upper axils, solitary or more

usually several from each axil or branchlet ends, up to c. 9

cm. long, peduncle 2—5 cm. long, slightly angled or com-

pressed, bark pale, greenisn brown, longitudinally wrinkled ;

branchlets 2—4 pairs, the lowest up to c. 2 cm. long, the

upper shorter, almost horizontal or curving upwards, flowers

crowded at branchlet ends or at end of secondary branchlets

c. 3-6 mm. long, sessile, bracteoles oblong lanceolate, sub-

acute, c. 15 mm. long, subpersistent; buds more or less

obovoid, c. 6-6-5 mm. long. Calyx obconic, 3-4 mm. long,

c 35-4 mm. across mouth, without pseudostalk, lobes 5,

shallow, broad, acute or subacute, inconspicuous, c. 2 mm.

wide and 0:5 mm. tall. Petals falling in a calyptra but not

agglutinated, more or less orbicular, c. 3 mm. diam.,

conspicuously gland dotted. Stamens numerous, filaments

slender, terete, up to c. 8 mm. long, anthers very small, ec.

0:2 mm. diam,, connective gland inconspicuous. Ovary 2-

celled with several ovules in each cell.

Fruit when dry ovoid to obovoid, c. 2 cm. long and 1-25

cm. wide, black, finely wrinkled, apical umbilicus shallow,

2-3 mm. diam., its margin with the persistent hardly en-

larged calyx lobes; fresh fruit when ripe dark green slightly

flushed dull purplish red at apex, obscurely ridged vertically,

oblong obovoid, apical umbilicus shallow, c. 3 mm. diam.,

bearing the 5 small not enlarged broadly triangular acute

incurved calyx lobes and style base; pericarp pithy leathery,

c. 2 mm. thick; seed 1, more or less oblong, testa thick,

whitish pink, brittle crustaceous; cotyledons superposed,

pale yellowish white, glistening, more or less equal, inner

faces plane or slightly concave, sessile.

JOHORE: Sungai Kayu, Mawai-Jemaluang road, in swampy

forest, SFN 32152 (Kiah).

SINGAPORE: Bukit Timah Reserve, altitude under 500 ft.,

SF'N 36129 (Ngadiman), Tree No. 392, TYPE collec-

tion, holotype in Herb. Singapore; same locality, SFN ©

27012, 37020 (Ngadiman).

Flowers have been collected in September and October,

fruits in November and December.

“Eugenia (§ Syzygium) Kiahii sp. nov. Fig. 5.

_Arbor c. 12m. alta. Ramuli teretes, crassi, cortice laevi.

Folia valde coriacea, ovata vel orbicularia, vel late elliptica

vel elliptico-oblonga ad c. 10 cm. longa et 9 em. lata, basi

Vol. XI. (1947).

308

breviter cuneata vel rotundata ad petiolum brevissime et

abrupte attenuata, apice rotundata vel breve obtuseugue

acuta vel apiculata; petiolis c. 1 cm. longis; nervis primariis

tenuibus, utrinque c. 7-10, in venam arcuatim e margine

2-5 mm. distantem confiuentibus. Inflorescentiae terminales,

pedunculis c. 25 cm. longis. Flores in apice ramulorum

dense dispositi, alabastris obovoideis c. 7-8 mm. longis.

Calycis tubus anguste campanulatus in stipitem plus

minusve abrupte attenuatus, c. 5-6 mm. longus, lobis 5,

Fig. 5. Eugenia Kiahii HENDERSON Del: CHAN YORK CHYE

Gardens Bulletin, S.

309

triangulo-ovatis, obtusis, c. 1 mm. altis. Petala calyptratim

decidua. Stamina 3:‘5-4 mm. longa, antheris globosis vel

late triangulo-ovatis, c. 04 mm. diam. Ovarium 1-2-

loculare, multiovulatum. Fructus ignotus.

A tree c. 12 metres tall. Twigs stout, terete, bark

smooth, sometimes polished, grey brown or pale brown or

greyish white.

Leaves very coriaceous, ovate or orbicular, or broadly

ovate oblong or broadly eliiptic or elliptic oblong, up to.c.

10 cm. long and 9 cm. broad, base very shortly cuneate, or

rounded and very shortly and abruptly narrowed to petiole,

apex rounded or shortly ard bluntly acute or apiculate; both

surfaces drying pale reddish brown or the upper surface

blackish brown and the lower dull warm brown, petiole c.

1 cm. long; midrib impressed above, elevate below; primary

nerves fine, raised on both surfaces, slightly less conspicuous

above than below, about 7-10 pairs, meeting in an intra-

marginal loop 3-5 mm. from leaf margin, secondaries and

reticulations raised on both surfaces, almost as distinct as

primaries.

Inflorescences short and dense, terminal, on stout

peduncles c. 2-5 ecm. long; peduncles and rachis as stout as

twigs, more or less compressed, secondary branchlets also

stout and angled, c. 1:5 em. long, the flowers crowded at their

apices or on tertiary branchlets c.3 mm. long. Flower buds

obovoid, c. 7-8 mm. long, calyx narrowly campanulate,

narrowed rather abruptly into a stout pseudostalk which is

rather variable in length: length of calyx tube including

pseudostalk 5-6 mm., mouth with 5 rather distant triangular

ovate blunt lobes c. 1 mm. tall. Petals calyptrate, leathery.

Stamens 3-5-4 mm. long, anthers globose to broadly tri-

angular ovate, c. 0-4 mm. diam., connective gland dark

brown, conspicuous, finely gland dotted. Ovary 1—2-locular,

multiovulate. Fruit unknown.

JOHORE: Sungai Kayu, Mawai-Jemaluang road, SFN 32036

(Kiah), TYPE collection, holotype in Herb. Singapore;

Sungai Kayu, in swainpy forest, SFN 29400 (Corner).

Jv

Eugenia (§ Syzygium) Haniffii sp. nov. Fig. 6.

Arbor 15 m. alta, ramulis teretis, fuscis; foliis oblongis

vel elliptico-oblongis, in sicco olivaceis vel fuscis, basi

cuneatis, apice acuminatis, ad 13 cm. longis et 5 cm. latis;

venis primarvis utrinque 25-40, tenuibus, vena intramargi-

nali vix distincta; petiolis c. 5-7 mm. longis. Paniculae

terminales, densae, ad 8 cm. longae, vulgo breviores, ramis

primariis crassis, ramulis u!timis tenuioribus, plus minusve

tetragonis. Flores 3 in apice ramulorum, exteriori pedicel-

lati, pedicellis ad 0-8 mm. longis, flos centralis’ sessilis.

Vol. XI. (1947).

310

Calycis tubus anguste infundibuliformis, basi breve stipita-

tus, ad 4-6 mm. longus; lobis 4, conspicuis, persistentibus,

c. 15 mm. altis et 25 mm. latis. Petala 4, membranacea,

libera, subpersistentia. Stamina 9-12 mm. longa, stylus

subaequilongus. Ovarium 2-loculare. Fructus globosi, c. 1-5

ecm. diam., apice calycis margine et sepalis persistentibus

coronati. Semen 1, globosum, cotyledonibus subaequalibus.

Fig. 6. Eugenia Haniffii HENDERSON Del: CHAN YORK CHYE

A tree 12-15 metres tall. Twigs rather stout, terete,

their bark reddish brown, to the naked eye practically

smooth, under a lens cracking longitudinally. ’

Leaves chartaceous, drying either greenish brown

(recently collected specimens) or dull grey brown above and

pale dull grey brown below (in older specimens), oblong to

elliptic oblong, base cuneate, apex rather abruptly acumin-

ate, up to c. 18 em. long and 5 cm. broad; petiole slender,

c. 5-7 mm. long, dark coloured when dry, narrowly channel-

led above; midrib sunk above, prominent below; primary

Gardens Bulletin, S.

/

oll

nerves fine, not more prominent than secondaries and hardly

distinguishable from them, about 25—40 pairs, raised above

and below, meeting in an inconspicuous intramarginal nerve

c. 2-4 mm. from leaf margin, with an even more incon-

spicuous secondary intramarginal c. 1 mm. from margin;

leaf margin slightly revolute when dry.

Panicles terminal, densely flowered, often much con-

tracted, not exceeding 8 em. long and usually much shorter,

primary branches stout, with reddish brown bark as on

twigs, ultimate branchlets finer, more or less 4-angled, with

dark striate bark: Flowers in threes at ends of branchlets,

the two outer on pedicels c. 0:8 mm. long, the central flower

sessile. Calyx narrowly funnel shaped in bud, c. 4-6 mm.

long including lobes, gradually narrowed to a slender

pseudostalk, the centre flower of the triads with a slightly

longer pseudostalk than the outers, calyx tube finely longi-

tudinally striate and black when dry; lobes 4, conspicuous.

broad, persistent after anthesis, c. 15mm. high and 2:5 mm.

wide, rather thick in texture with membranous edges. Petals

4, membranous, quite free and falling separately, persistent

for some time after anthesis. Stamens 9-12 mm. long, style

about as long. Ovary 2—locular with many ovules.

Fruit globose or slightly depressed globose, c. 1:5 cm.

diam., ( ?not fully ripe), with shallow inconspicuous vertical

ridges, crowned by calyx lib and persistent sepals; pericarp

thin, tough; seed 1, globose, the cotyledons more or less

equal, attached to hypocotyle near centre of opposing faces.

PENANG: Penara Bukit, c. 1,000 ft., Curtis 794, TYPE

collection, holotype in Herb. Singapore. (One sheet of

this collection is written up in King’s hand as E.

densiflora Duthie).

SELANGOR: 20th mile, Ginting Simpah, Forest Dept. FMS

12860; 28rd mile, Ginting Simpah, Forest Dept. FMS

13388.

Probably allied to E’. oblata Roxb. from which it differs

in the smaller flowers, more deeply lobed calyx, denser

‘inflorescence, thinner leaves with finer and closer venation

and the intramarginal nerve farther from the leaf margin.

Also allied to E. longiflora F. Vill.

Named after the late Mohamed Haniff, who was for

many years attached to the Gardens Department of the

Straits Settlements.

Eugenia (§ Syzygium) camptophylla sp. nov. Fig. 7.

E. inophylla Roxb. atfinis sed lobis calycis maioribus,

foliis angustioribus, venis paucioribus; necnon FE. oblata

Roxb. affinis sed floribus angustioribus et minoribus, foliis

multo angustioribus, venis et venulis minus prominentibus.

Vol. XI. (1947).

312

A tree 12-15 metres tall, stem 20-23 cm. diam. (ex

Kunstler). Twigs smooth, terete, bark dull brown; leaves

lanceolate or narrowly elliptic lanceolate, or somewhat ovate-

lanceolate, up to c. 13 cm. iong and 4 cm. broad, apex long

acuminate, often folded or bent sideways when dry, base

long narrowed and somewhat decurrent on petiole; upper

surface drying blackish brown, lower surface dull reddish

brown; midrib sunk above in a narrow channel, raised

below; primary nerves about 20 pairs, very faint above,

slightly raised and channelled, very slender and inconspicu-

ous below, slightly raised, meeting in a very fine intramar-

ginal nerve 1-2 mm. from the recurved leaf margin;

secondaries and reticulations almost invisible above, a little

less conspicuous than primaries below; petiole up to c. i

cm. long, slender, black, wrinkled, deeply channelled above.

Pte ee cr ee amc

j= |

a |

Fig. 7. Eugenia camptophylla HENDERSON Del: Cuan YORK CHYE

Inflorescence a spreading panicle, or several together,

terminal or from upper one or two axils, on a peduncle up

to c. 4 em. long, but usually much shorter and not exceeding

c. 1 cm., peduncle and inflorescence branches rather slender,

Gardens Bulletin, S.

315

strongly angled, with striate bark, inflorescence up to c. 9:5

em. long and 6 cm. across. Flowers densely crowded at

ends of branchlets, c. 1 em. long, sessile, bracteoles small and

inconspicuous, soon falling; calyx in bud funnel shaped, c.

6 mm. long and 3 mm. across mouth, tapering gradually

from apex to base, the pseudostalk c. 2-3 mm. long, but not

sharply marked off, calyx mouth with 5 broad shallow

inconspicuous blunt or subacute lobes c. 1:25 mm. wide and

0-5 mm. high, but variable in size, persisting for some time

after the flower has opened and the stamens fallen; petals

probably falling as a calyptra but easily separable, more or

less orbicular, c. 3 mm. diam; stamens numerous, filaments

slender, up to c. 8 mm. long, anthers triangular ovate, c.

0-5 mm. long, connective produced beyond anthers into a

narrow triangular gland; style considerably stouter than

filaments, c. 6 mm. long. Fruit unknown.

PERAK: Gopeng, 500-860 ft., open jungle in hilly locality,

Kunstler 5994, TYPE collection, holotype in Herb.

Calcutta.

Known only from the type collection of which I have

— three sheets in Herb. Calcutta and two in Herb. Dehra

un.

The extension of the connective in the stamens beyond

the anthers into a narrow triangular gland seems to be rare

in Eugenia and has been seen otherwise only in an unidenti-

fied species of unknown origin cultivated in the Botanic

Gardens, Singapore.

Eugenia (§ Syzygium) Brantiana sp. nov. Fig. 8.

Frutex vel arbor parva; ramulis teretibus, cortice laevi;

folie oblongo-ellipticis ad ovatis, ad c. 13 cm. longis et 5

cm.latis, apice longe acuminatis, acumine ad 1-2 cm. longo,

basi cuneatis ad petiolum attenuatis, petiolo c. 0-5 cm. longo;

costa supra canaliculata, subtus elevata, venis primariis

utrinque ad c. 15, supra haud conspicuis, subtus leviter

elevatis submanifestis, in venam intramarginalem incon-

spicuam 1-2 mm. a margine distantem confluentibus; in-

florescentiis terminalibus vel ex axillis foliorum superiorum,

paniculatis, subsessilibus vel pedunculatis, ad c. 9 cm. longis,

ramis primariis ad ¢c. 2 em. longis, floribus_ sessilibus,

confertis; alabastris c. 1 cm. longis; calycis tubo c. 7-8 mm.

longo, apice c, 5 mm. lato, basi stipitato'(stipite c. 2-3 mm.

longo), lobis inconspicuis, c. 0-75 mm. altis et 2-25 mm.

latis, glandulosis; staminibus numerosissimis, 15-16 mm.

longis, antheris oblongo-ovatis, 0-5—0:75 mm. longis, connec-

tivo conspicue glanduloso-mucronato; fructibus ignotis.

A shrub or small bushy tree. Branchlets terete, bark

smooth, grey brown to reddish. Leaves thinly coriaceous,

oblong elliptic to ovate, up to c. 13 cm. long and 5 cm. broad,

Vol. XI. (1947).

Fig. 8. Eugenia Brantiana HENDERSON Del: CHAN YORK CHYE

apex long acuminate, acumen 1-2 cm. long, base cuneate and

narrowed on to petiole, upper surface drying greenish to

reddish brown, minutely gland dotted, lower surface greenish

to brownish, paler than upper, minutely gland dotted ; midrib

shallowly impressed above, elevate below ; primary nerves up

to about 15 pairs, slender and not conspicuous above, pale

and very slightly raised, slightly raised and slender below,

a little more conspicuous than secondaries; secondaries and

reticulations usually obscure above, visible below and almost

as conspicuous as primaries; intramarginal nerve slender

and inconspicuous, 1-2 mm. from margin; petiole c. 0-5 cm.

long, drying dark red brown.

Inflorescence terminal or from upper axils, paniculate,

up to c. 9 cm. long, nearly sessile or peduncles up to c. 3 cm.

Gardens Bulletin, S.

OO ———— EE

/

re EE EEE EE EE

315

long, primary branchlets up to c. 2 em. long, flowers cluster-

ed either at ends of primary branchlets or of secondary

branchlets c. 0-5-1 em. long; bark of inflorescence reddish

brown to greenish brown, peduncle more or less terete,

branchlets compressed or more or less 4—angled; bracteoles

very small and fugacious. Flowers sessile, buds c. 1 cm.

long, calyx c. 7-8 mm. long, c. 5 mm. across mouth, very

finely wrinkled, narrowed at base into a rather stout

pseudostalk 2-3 mm. long, lobes broad, shallow, inconspicu-

ous, c. 0-75 mm. high and 2-2:5 mm. wide, pellucidly gland

dotted ; petals with pellucid giand dots, falling in a calyptra;

stamens very numerous, 15-16 mm. long, anthers ovate

oblong, 0-5—-0-75 mm. long, connective gland brown, conspicu-

ous; style 12-13 mm. long; ovary 2-celled with several ovules

in-each cell; frwit unknown.

JOHORE: Sungai Pontian Besar, common on the river bank

in the Terminalia-Pandanus zone, SFN 36754 (Hender-

son), TYPE collection, holotype in Herb. Singapore;

same locality, SEN 26956 (Corner & Henderson). :

Named after the late Mr. R. V. Brant, sometime Assist-

ant Adviser, Pontian.

Allied to E. inophylla Roxb., but differing in the paler

bark of the twigs, the paler leaves when dry, the much longer

stamens, and in being a bush or small bushy tree of tidal

rivers.

Eugenia (§ Syzygium) pseudosyzygioides sp. nov. Fig. 9.

EH. cymosa Wight valde affinis, sed cortice trunci pallide

laevi, cortice ramulorum pallidiore, stipite calycis longiore,

tubo ‘calycis infundibuliformis, in sicco pustulato et rugoso,

petalis vulgo calyptratis differt.

Arbor 18-24 m. alta, c. 25-60 cm. diam. Ramuli teretes,

graciles, laeves. Folia ovata, ovato-lanceolata ad oblongo-

lanceolata, vel anguste elliptica, apice caudato-acuminata,

basi cuneata, 4cm. X 2 cm. ad 95 em. < 45-cm,, petiolis

gracilibus, 3-5 mm. longis; nervis primariis numerosis.

Paniculae terminales et axillares ad 7 em. longae, vulgo 4-5

em. longae. Flores sessiles, in apice ramulorum brevissi-

morum ternati vel pseudoumbellati; alabastris c. 5-6 mm.

longis; calycis tubo infundibuliforme, breviter stipitato,

lobis 5, c. 0-5 mm. latis et 0:3 mm. longis. Petala vulgo caly-

ptrata, ?vel interdum libera. Stamina ad 5-6 mm, longa,

antheris oblongis, c. 0-4 mm. longis. Stylus c. 5-6 mm.

longus. Ovarium 2-loculare. Fructus ignotus.

A tree 18-24 metres tall, c. 25-60 cm. diam. 2 metres

from ground, trunk cylindric. Bark dull greyish, pallid,

smooth, entire, faintly marked with transverse ridges but

even in other places; inner bark thin, greyish brown; wood

Vol. XI. (1947).

7

316

Ve

AY

SY

1

\

Fig. 9. Eugenia pseudosyzygioides HENDERSON Del: CHAN

YORK CHYE.

Gardens Bulletin, S.

317

pallid buff, darkening and turning brownish drab on expo-

sure. Twigs slender, terete, their bark smooth or finely

longitudinally cracked, the youngest twigs brown or reddish

brown, the older ones whitey-brown to pale grey.

Leaves thinly coriaceous, ovate, ovate lanceolate to

oblong lanceolate, or narrowly elliptic, apex caudate acumin-

ate, the acumen up to 2 cm. long, base cuneate, variable in

size from c. 4 cm. long and 2 cm. broad to 9-5 cm. long and

45 cm. broad; upper surface drying dull brown to lead

colour, lower surface usualiy paler, brown to reddish brown;

petiole slender, deeply and narrowly channelled above,

wrinkled and pustulate below, dark red brown, 3—5 mm.

long; midrib narrowly channelled above, raised below, more

or less pustulate, especially towards petiole; primary nerves

numerous, close and parallel, not distinguishable from

secondaries, reticulations almcst as conspicuous, all raised

on upper surface and more strongly raised on lower surface,

sometimes much darker than surrounding leaf surface; in-

tramarginal vein very close to and partly hidden by the

revolute margin; upper surface minutely punctate, lower

surface sparsely black dotted.

Panicles axillary and terminal, up to c. 7 em. long but

usually 4—5 em. long, peduncles and branches slender,

spreading, compressed or angled, with dark, longitudinally

wrinkled, often pustulate bark. Flowers sessile in threes

at ends of very short branchlets, or these branchlets so re-

duced that the flowers appear umbellately arranged; flower

buds c. 5-6 mm. long; calyx tube funnel shaped, usually

more or less pustulate, narrowing to a slender pseudostalk,

mouth with 5 shallow rounded broad lobes c. 0-5 mm. wide

and 0:3 mm. high. Petals caiyptrate, apparently occasion-

ally free, orbicular. Stamens up to c. 5-6 mm. long, anthers

oblong, c. 0-4 mm. long with conspicuous brown gland on

connective. Style rather stout, 5-6 mm. long. Ovary 2-

celled. Fruit unknown.

KEMAMAN: Bukit Kajang, 500 ft., SFN 30451 (Corner),

TYPE collection, holotype in Herb. Singapore, SF'N

30421 (Corner), SFN 30497 (Corner). Flowers in

November.

PERAK: Larut, within 100 ft., in open old jungle in low

ground, Kunstler 3422, “leaves light green, very glossy”,

flowers in October.

This species is evidently closely allied to H. cymosa

from which sterile specimens cannot be distinguished with

certainty in the Herbarium, except for the usually narrower,

more oblong leaves. In the field, however, the trees are

quite distinct, E. pseudosyzygioides having a smooth pale

bark, while E. cymosa has a dark red or fuscous brown

bark which is more or less fissured and flaky.

Vol. XI. (1947).

318

Most of the specimens of FE’. pseudosyzygioides on which

flowers at the proper stage are to be found, have calyptrate

petals, whereas in most of the specimens of E. cymosa in

Herb. Singapore the petals are free. Koorders & Valeton

and King describe them as free, Gagnepain as calyptrate.

It is not a very reliable character, for both free and

calyptrate petals may be found on the same individual.

Eugenia (§ Syzygium) praestigiosa sp. nov. Fig. 10.

?Arbor. Ramuli teretes, laeves. Folia coriacea,

oblongo-lanceolata vel oblongo-elliptica, ad c. 9 em. longa et

3°75 cm. lata, apice acuminata, basi attenuata, supra punc-

tata, subtus pustulato-punctata, punctis nigris densis ; nervis

primarits tenuibus utrinque 12-15, in venam submarginalem

a margine c. 1 mm. distantem conjunctis, petiolis ad 1 cm.

longis. Inflorescentiae fasciculatae, terminales vel axillares,

spiciformes vel paniculatae pauci-ramosae, ad 4:5 cm. longae.

Flores sessiles ad apice ramulorum conferti. Calycis tubus

in alabastro c. 6-6-5 mm. longus et 3-5-4 mm. latus, anguste

infundibuliformis, lobis 4 rotundatis persistentibus c. 2 mm.

Fig. 10. Eugenia praestigiosa HENDERSON Del: CHAN YORK CHYE

Gardens Bulletin, S.

319

altis et 3 mm. latis. Petala 4, libera, reflexa, rotunda, c. 5

mm. diam., glandulosa. Stamina ad 9-10 mm. longa,

antheris oblongis, 0-7-0-8 mm. longis. Stylus c. 8 mm.

longus. Ovariuwm 2-loculare. Fructus ignotus.

?A tree, twigs terete, their bark smooth, not polished,

dark brown or dark reddish brown, in places pale grey and

finely cracked. Leaves coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate or

oblong-elliptic, up to c. 9 em. long and 3-75 cm. broad, apex

acuminate, base narrowed, upper surface drying olivaceous

brown or reddish brown, slightly shining, minutely and

densely punctate, lower surface paler and duller, minutely

-and densely black pustulate-dotted; midrib. sunk above,

raised below and pustulate except at apex, and longitudi-

nally wrinkled; primary nerves about 12-15 pairs, very fine

and slender above, slight!v raised, fine below but rather

more conspicuous than on upper surface, raised, meeting in

a fine intramarginal nerve c. 1 mm. from recurved leaf edge;

secondary veins only partially visible above, reticulations

very obscure or invisible, secondaries and reticulations fine

and raised below but distinctly less conspicuous than pri-

maries; petiole c. 1 cm. long, rather slender, deeply channel-

led above, drying black.

Infiorescences crowded, terminal or in upper axils,

spiciform or paniculate with few branches, up to c. 4:5 em.

long, rachis compressed or angled with strongly striate pale

brown bark. Flowers sessile, crowded at or near ends of

inflorescence branches. , Calyx in bud c. 6-6-5 mm. long and

c. 35-4 mm. across mouth, obconic or campanulate and

tapering gradually to base, somewhat striate, pseudostalk

very short, not evident, rather abruptly expanded at the

mouth into 4 deep rounded persistent lobes c. 2 mm. high

and 3 mm, across. Petals 4, free, reflexed after flower

opens, more or less orbicular, c. 5 mm. across, gland dotted.

Stamens numerous, filaments slender, up to c. 9-10 mm. !ong,

anthers oblong, c. 0:-7-0-8 mm. long, connective gland obs-

cure or absent. Style rather stout, tapering to apex, c. 8

mm. long. Ovary 2-celled with several or many ovules in

each cell. Fruit unknown.

PERAK: sine loc., Scortechini sine num., TYPE collection,

holotype in Herb. Calcutta.

Unfortunately no indication of locality and no date or

number is given on any of the five sheets of this collection in

Herb. Calcutta.

This plant appears quite distinct from any other

Eugenia described from the Malay Peninsula. The inflores-

cences recall those of E. rugosa Merr., but the flowers and

foliage are quite different. The flowers resemble those of

E. longiflora F. Vill., but are shorter, with more conspicuous

petals, and the inflorescence and leaves differ considerably.

Vol. XT. (1947).

320

The plant is distinctive amongst the Peninsular species in

its short crowded inflorescences, and the crowded flowers

with conspicuous calyx lobes and petals.

Included in the same cover in Herb. Calcutta was a

sheet of Forbes 2985 from Sumatra. This is in fruit only

and at first sight appears very close to EF. praestigiosa, but

it differs in having pale yellow and somewhat polished

twigs, thinner leaves not punctate above, with shorter petio-

les. The inflorescences are very like those of E. praestigiosa.

The fruit of Forbes’ plant is smooth and oblong without

persistent calyx lobes and is of the type associated with the

clavate or peg-shaped flowers of such species as FE. attenuata

kK. & V. The fruit of H. praestigiosa is more likely to

resemble that of E. longiflora, probably with persistent

calyx lobes.

v Hugenia (§ Syzygium) quadribracteata sp. nov. Fig. 11.

Arbor c. 20 m. alta, glabra. Folia vulgo elliptico-

oblonga, ad 25 em. longa et 10 cm. lata, apice breviter obtuse

acuminata vel acuta, basi breviter acuminata et in petiolum

breviter dec urrentia, utrinque dense punctata ; venis prima-

rus tenuibus, numerosis, utrinque ce. 60, vena intramarginali

tenui distincta conjunctis; petiolis crassis c. 1—-1:3 cm. longis.

Inflorescentiae terminales vel interdum axillares, ad 9 cm.

longae. Flores sessiles in apice ramulorum dense capitulati,

bracteolis 4 persistentibus instructi. Calyx in alabastro

plus minusve globosus, post anthesis obconicus, c. 3-4 mm.

longus et 4-5 mm. latus, Icbis 5, late triangularis, rotundatis.

Petala calyptrata. Stamina c. 5-6 mm. longa, stylus aequi-

longus. Fructus immaturus plus minusve globosus, 5-6

mm. diam., calycis margine coronatus.

A tree c. 20 metres tall. Twigs stout, terete, bark

smooth or creviced or slightly flaky, brown or greyish brown,

the youngest twigs with quite smooth dark warm brown

bark. Leaves generally oblong elliptic, occasionally tending

to be ovate, up to c. 25 em. long and 10 cm. broad, but

generally-rather smaller, apex shortly bluntly acuminate or

acute, base shortly narrowed and slightly decurrent on

petiole; petiole stout, drying black, c. 1-1-3 em. long; pri-

mary nerves very numerous and close together, hardly dis-

tinguishable from secondaries, up to about 60 pairs, fine but

distinctly elevate above and below, secondary nerves and

reticulations little less conspicuous than primaries; intra-

marginal nerve as distinct as primaries, c. 2-3 mm. from |

the revolute leaf margin; upper surface drying dull greyish

brown, densely and minutely punctate, lower surface rather

warmer brown or reddish brown, also densely and minutely

punctate.

Gardens Bulletin, S-

321

Inflorescences terminal or occasionally axillary, some-

times fasciculate, axis and branches as stout as or stouter

than twigs, rounded or compressed or angled, with almost.

black, finely striate bark, up to 9 cm. long, branches distant

and short, usually horizontal or somewhat decurved.

Flowers sessile, densely crowded in heads at the branch ends,

each flower subtended by 4 broad, triangular, more or less

persistent blunt bracteoles. Calyx more or less globose in

bud, obconic after anthesis, c. 3-4 mm. long and 4—5 mm.

across mouth, lobes 5, broadly and shallowly triangular,

rounded or somewhat acuite. Petals calyptrate. Stamens

c. 5-6 mm. long, style about same length. Immature fruit

globular or somewhat depressed globular, 5-6 mm. diam.,

crowned by calyx rim.

Fig. 11. Eugenia quadribracteata HENDERSON Del: CHAN YORK CHYE

Vol. XT. (1947).

mo

322

PENANG: Waterfall, Curtis s.n., undated, TYPE collection,

holotype in Herb. Singapore.

JOHORE: Kota Tinggi-Mawai road, SFN 30986 (Corner),

frequent in drier parts of swampy forest.

Although Curtis’ specimens are fairly complete, they

appear not to have been taken up either by King in the

“Materials” or by Ridley in his Flora.

The species is a distinct one in the large closely veined

leaves and the stout inflorescence with the unusual arrange-

ment of bracteolate flowers. It may be allied to E. argutata

Koord. & Valet., of which I have seen no material.

Wray 3771, from Upper Perak, alt. 1,000 ft., two fruit-

ing sheets of which are in Herb. Calcutta, may possibly

belong here.

Eugenia (§ Syzygium) cerina sp. nov. Fig. 12.

E. punctulata King, Mat. F.M.P., No. 12, 122 (1901) ;

Ridl., F.M.P., I. 747; Corner, Wayside Trees of Malaya, p.

502; non F. M. Bailey (1896). Syzygium incarnatum Mery.

& Perry in Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci., XVIII, 3, 195

(1939), non Eugenia incarnata Elm.

Arbor ad c. 27 m. alta. Ramuli teretes vel juniores com-

pressi, cortice desquamante. Folia coriacea, obovata,

oblanceolata vel interdum oblonga, apice rotundata, retusa,

' vel breviter et abrupte acuminata, basi sensim vel abrupte

attenuata, 25-11 cm. longa, 1-5-5 cm. lata, margine re-

curva, costa media subtus prominente, supra impressa,

nervis primartis utrinque c. 16 vel pluribus, indistinctis,

vena intramarginali tenui conjunctis. Petiolus 0-5-1 cm.

longus. Paniculae terminales vel interdum axillares, laxe

ramosae, ad c. 12 cm. longae, ramis et ramulis compressis,

striatis. Flores sessiles in apice ramulorum conferti. Calyw

campanulatus vel obconicus, brevistipitatus, c. 2:25-2-5 mm.

longus et 2 mm. latus, breviter et obscure 4-dentatus. Petula

calyptrata. Stamina c. 15-30, filamentis complanatis, 9-5-

0-75 mm. longis. Stylus c. 0-5 mm. longus. Ovarium bilo-

culare. Fructus oblongo-obovoideus, 1-2-1-4 cm. longus, 7-8

mm. latus, apice complanatus et umbilicatus, umbilico caly-

cis margine brevissimo cincto.

A tree up to c. 27 metres tall, fluted at base, or buttres-

sed, the buttresses sometimes up to c. 1-5 metres, or cylindric,

or with a few stilt roots. Bark of trunk reddish or reddish

orange, rugose in older trees, more or less papery flaky, a

thin green layer next to outer layers, then a buff or yellowish

fibrous brittle inner layer, wood hard, pale buff.

Twigs terete or the youngest somewhat compressed,

bark pale brown to reddish brown or pale greyish brown,

_ thinly papery flaky. Leaves coriaceous, obovate, oblanceo-

late or occasionally oblong, apex rounded, retuse, or with a

Gardens Bulletin, S.

329

short broad point, or abruptly acuminate with acute or blunt

acumen, narrowed at base gradually or abruptly, 25-11 cm.

Jong, 15-5 cm. broad; margins usually recurved when dry,

upper surface olivaceous, pale brown or reddish brown to

dark brown, usually dull, lower surface usually lighter;

midrib depressed above, elevate and keeled below; primary

nerves usually about 16 pairs but often more, not curving,

usually slightly raised above but not conspicuous, more or

less raised below, faint and with difficulty distinguishable

from secondaries, meeting in a slender intramarginal nerve

which is close to. the leaf margin and often hidden by the

recurved margin; secondaries and reticulations obscure or

faint above, sometimes invisible below or sometimes almost

as conspicuous as primaries. Petiole 0:-5~1 em. long, chan-

nelled above, keeled below,

Fig. 12. Eugenia cerina HENDERSON Del: CHAN YORK CHYE

Vol. XI. (1947).

a24

Panicles terminal or occasionally from the upper axils,

lax, up to c. 12 em. long, branches spreading, compressed,

finely striate with pale brown or brownish grey bark.

Flowers small, sessile, crowded at ends of the short ultimate

branchlets, bracts and bracteoles very small and inconspicu-

ous; buds obovoid, c. 2°75-3:25 mm. long; calyx campanulate

or obconic, c. 2-25-25 mm. long and 2 mm. across mouth,

narrowed to a very short stout pseudostalk c. 0-5 mm. long,

mouth very obscurely and shallowly 4-toothed; petals caly-

ptrate; stamens c. 15-30, filaments 0-5—0-75 mm. long, broad

and flattened, tapering slightly from base to apex, anthers

small, oblong, connective gland small and inconspicuous;

style c. 0-5 mm. long, narrowly conical; ovary 2-celled.

Fruit oblong-obovoid, apex flattened, 1-2-1-4 cm. long

and 7-8 mm. wide at widest point, apex deeply and narrowly

excavate, with very short calyx rim; pericarp fleshy, 3—4'

mm. thick, seed more or less globose, c. 4 mm. diam., testa

adhering‘to it but peeling off easily leaving a thicker’ inner

layer beneath which is a mucilaginous coat; cotyledons more

or less equal, opposing faces folded, with the large hypo-

cotyle, which is grooved along one side, lying in the fold and

extending to periphery of seed.

PERAK: Blanda Mabok, Wray 3972, TYPE collection,

holotype in Herb. Singapore. Common in lowland

forest from Perak to Singapore.

Distrib: Sumatra, Borneo.

A full explanation of the nomenclatorial problems

connected with this species, and the reasons for redescribing

it instead of merely giving it a new name will be given in

the forthcoming critical account of Eugenia referred to in

the prefatory note to this paper.

Eugenia (§ Syzygium) nemestrina sp. nov. Fig. 13.

Arbor 25-30 m. alta. Raniuli crassi, teretes, vel ad nodos

plus minusve compressi, cortice laevi vel desquamante.

Folia coriacea, anguste elliptica ad oblongo-elliptica, 6-11

cm. longa, 2-4-5 em. lata, apice acuminata deflexa, basi

cuneata in petiolum longiter attenuata; pagina inferiore

minute nigro-punctata; nervis primariis utrinque c. 20-25,

tenerrimis, supra inconspicuis vel obscuris, subtus incon-

spicuis, in venam intramarginalem e margine c. 1 mm.

distantem conjunctis; getiolis 5-8 mm. longis, rugosis.

Inflorescentiae corymbosae ad 8 cm. longae et latae, multi-

ramosae. Flores vulgo 3 vel interdum 1 in apice ramulorum,

sessiles vel pedicellati, pedicellis 2-4 mm. longis, alabastris

ce. 13-14 cm. longis. Calycis tubus cyathiformis, in stipi-

tem 4-5 mm. longum attenuatus, apice c. 6 mm. latus, post

anthesin infundibuliformis, apice c. 7 mm. latus, margine

truncatus vel interdum cum dentibus minutissimis. Petala

Gardens Bulletin, S.

329

calyptratim decidua. _ Stamina 1-2:5 cm. longa, antheris c.

0-5 mm. longis et 0:4 mm. latis, paullum breviore. Ovariuwm

2-loculare, multiovulatum. Fructus plus minusve globosus,

c. 15 cm. diam, calycis margine undulato c. 2 mm. alto

coronatus.

A tree 25-30 metres tall, slightly or prominently but-

tressed-fluted at base to 2 metres from ground. Bark rufous

brown, fissured or distinctly scaly flaky, inner bark deep

purple. Twigs stout, terete or more or less compressed at

nodes, the youngest with smooth or striate or finely rugose

pale brown bark, the older twigs with a pale layer wipers

off and leaving scaly flaky red brown bark below.

ale aK Wee

Le “<I UB hy; Be

TA

Wes

Fig. 13. Eugenia nemestrina HENDERSON Del: CHAN YorRK CHYE

Vol. XI. (1947).

526

Leaves decussate, narrowly elliptic to oblong elliptic,

6-11 cm. long, 2-45 cm. broad, coriaceous, in life dull green

withering yellow, margins upeurled and apex refiexed, when

dry upper surface pale brown or reddish brown, lower sur-

face dull pale brown to whitish brown but not glaucous, apex

acuminate and deflected sideways, base cuneate and long

narrowed on to petiole; midrib sunk in a narrow channel

above, strongly raised ‘and keeled below; primary nerves

very fine, c. 20-25 pairs, raised above and visible because

of their pale colour, or in pale leaves almost invisible, hardly

distinguishable from secondaries, fine and raised below, very

little more conspicuous than secondaries and sometimes only

distinguishable from them by their junction with the intra-

marginal vein, reticulations slightly thickened and raised;

upper surface not punctate, lower minutely black dotted;

intramarginal nerve fine, c. 1 mm. from the slightly revolute

leaf margin; petiole 5-8 mm. long, of the same colour as

the leaf and wrinkled.

Inflorescences corymbose, terminal, not exceeding c. 8

cm. long and wide, much branched, the primary branchlets

about half as thick as twigs, of the same colour, bark longi-

tudinally wrinkled and somewhat pustulate, the ultimate

branchlets compressed and ridged. Flowers usually in

threes or sometimes solitary at ends of branchlets, sessile or

sometimes on pedicels 2-4 mm. long, or the outer two flowers

of the triads shortly pedicelled and the central one sessile;

buds c. 1:3-1-4 cm. long, including pseudostalk, calyx tube

cyathiform, c. 6 mm. across mouth, tapering into a ridged

pseudostalk c. 4-5 mm. long; mouth truncate or wavy or

occasionally with exceedingly obscure teeth; after anthesis

the calyx funnel shaped, c. 7 mm. across mouth. Petals ealy-

ptrate. Stamens numerous, 1-2-5 cm. long, filaments taper-

ing very graduaily from base to apex, anthers c. 0-5 mm.

long and 0-4 mm. broad, apical gland distinct, dark coloured.

Style a little shorter than stamens. Ovary 2-celled wit

many ovules in each cell.

Fruit smooth, more or less globular, c. 155 cm. diam.,

crowned by the very eae undulating calyx rim c.

2 mm. high; pericarp 2-3 mm. thick, stripping easily from .

seed which is left without testa (alcohol material) ; coty-

ledons nearly equal, outer st.rfaces closely rugose, inner faces

more or less plane, attached to the hypocotyle by short broad

stalks either about the centre or near the periphery.

SINGAPORE: McRitchie Reservoir, SFN 33590 (Corner),

TYPE collection, holotype in Herb. Singapore; Selitar,

near Nee Soon village, SFN 37396 (Corner), Mandai

road, SFN 37252 (Corner).

Calyx pale green, gland dotted, petals white, stamen

filaments white with green bases. Flowers smelling as those

Gardens Bulletin, S.

O27

of E. grandis. Flowers in July, December, January, fruits

full grown and falling ripe in October.

It may seem surprising that there are still novelties to

be found in the last remaining patches of forest in the island

of Singapore, but that such is the case serves to emphasise

the difficulties of collecting in tropical forests and to point

to the exceeding usefulness of the trained brok monkeys

(Macacus nemestrina) used as collectors by the Singapore

Botanic Gardens. Ample material of this species was

collected by one of them.

4 Eugenia (§ Syzygium) taipingensis sp. nov. Fig. 14.

- Arbor 45-6 m. alta, trunco 8-13 cm. diam. Ramuli

teretes, cortice pallide cano vel ultimi cortice fusco. Folia

petiolata late ovata vel elliptica, ad c. 6-5 cm. longa et 3:5

em. lata, apice abrupte acuminata, basi abrupte attenuata,

ARE RIDER

yA) we

Vs:

Fig. 14. Eugenia taipingensis HENDERSON Del: CHAN YorK CHYE

Vol. XI. (1947).

328

nervis primarits utrinque c. 10, tenuibus, utrinque promi-

nulis, in venam marginalem e margine c. 1 mm. distantem

conjunctis. Pamniculae terminales ad c. 6 cm. longae et 4

cm. latae, densifiorae. FJeres sessiles in apice ramulorum

dense dispositi. Calycis tubus in alabastro anguste cam-

panulatus, c. 4 mm. longus et 2-25 mm. latus, in stipitem

c: 2 mm. longum productus, margine subtruncato. Petala

calyptratim probabiliter decidua, glandulosa. Stamina ad

c. 6 mm. longa, antherae c. 0-4-0:'5 mm. longae, glandula

satis conspicua. Stylus ad c. 5 mm. longus.

A low tree with spreading branches, 4-5-6 m. tall, stem

8-13 cm. diam. - (ex Kunstler). Twigs smooth terete with

pale whitey grey or brownish white bark or the youngest

twigs with brown bark. Leaves coriaceous, broadly ovate

or elliptic, sometimes tending to be obovate, up to c. 65

cm. long and 3-5 cm. broad, apex abruptly acuminate, acu-

men c. 1 cm. long, base abruptly narrowed and decurrent

on petiole; upper surface drying dull brown or blackish

brown, minutely punctate, lower surface usually reddish

brown, with very minute and inconspicuous black gland dots,

or none; midrib sunk above, raised below and slightly pustu-

late near base; primary nerves about 10 pairs, very slender

and almost indistinguishable from secondaries and reticula-

tions, raised and slender below, meeting in a slender and

not conspicuous intramarginal nerve c. 1 mm. from margin;

petiole 2-5 mm. long, black, wrinkled, channelled above.

Inflorescence termina], paniculate, up to c. 6 cm. long

and 4 cm. across, branchlets spreading, slender, angled, with

brownish or greyish striate bark. Flowers crowded at ends

of ultimate branchlets, sessile, bracteoles apparently very

small and falling early; calyx tube in bud c. 4 mm. long

and 2-25 mm. across mouth, striate when dry, narrowly

campanulate, quickly contracted some way below mouth,

then tapering gradually into a pseudostalk c. 2 mm. long,

mouth truncate or wavy or at most with very obscure shal-

low lobes; petals probably falling as a calyptra, more or less

agglutinated when dry, thick textured with conspicuous

gland dots; stamens numerous, filaments slender, up to c. 6

mm. long, anthers c. 0-4-0-5 mm. long, connective _gland ,

conspicuous; style much stouter than filaments, c. 5 mm.

long. Fruit unknown.

PERAK: Taiping, plains, Wray 2703, TYPE collection, holo-

type in Herb. Singapore; Taiping, within 100 ft., in

open jungle, low wet ground, Kunstler 8379.

This species was included under E. oleina Wight (E.

myrtifolia Roxb.) by King and presumably by Ridley, but

it is very distinct from that species in its broader and more

acuminate leaves with the nerves and reticulations raised

above, and in its truncate calyx mouth.

Gardens Bulletin, S.

329

VEugenia (§ Syzygium) flosculifera sp. nov. Fig. 15.

Arbor c. 40 m. alta. Ramuli teretes, laeves, cortice

pallide, novelli fusci. Folia vulgo plus minusve obovata

interdum elliptica vel cblongo-elliptica, ad c. 7 cm. longa

et 3-5 cm. lata, apice abrupte acuminata, basi attenuata in

petiolum decurrentia ; nervis primariis utrinque ad c. 8, inter

se 5-8 mm. distantibus, supra obscuris, subtus tenuibus sed

distinctis, in venam intramarginalem a margine c. 3 mm.

distantem conjunctis. Petioli ad c. 1 cm. longi. Inflores-

centiae terminales vel ex axillis foliorum superiorum, pani-

culatae, ad 9 cm. longae. Flores parvi, sessiles, in apice

Fig. 15. Eugenia flosculifera HENDERSON Del: CHAN YoRK CHYE

Vol. XI. (1947).

330

ramulorum 2 vel 3, alabastris c.3 mm. longis. Calyx c. 25

mm. longus apice c. 1-75 mm. latus, lobis 4 late triangulari-

bus obtusis vel subacutis, incurvatis, c. 1 mm. latis et 0-5

mm. altis, basi in stipitem c. 1 mm. longam attenuatus,

supra ovarium abrupte contractus. Petala calyptrata.

Stamina c. 16, 0-5-1 mm. longa, filamentis crassis, antheris

plus minusve oblongis, 0-2—0:3 mm. longis, apice glandulosis.

Stylus c. 0-5 mm. longus. Ovarium 2-loculare. Fructus late

oblongus ad oblongo-obovoideus, ad c. 1-5 cm. longus et 15-

1:75 cm. latus, apice depressus, umbilico conico 4-5 mm.

diam., calycis margine minute coronato; pericarpium cras-

sum, c.5 mm. Semen 1, globosum, depresso-globosum vel

obovoideum, cotyledonibus omnino conjunctis, ut pseudo-

monocotyledoneum.

A tree c. 40 metres tall, with steep narrow buttresses to

c. 2 metres; crown large, spreading; bark light buff, slightly

scaly flaky, smooth over large areas, slightly pustulate with

scattered 3 mm. lenticels, otherwise entire; inner bark thick,

pale brownish yellow with fine longitudinal sclerotic strands ;

wood pale brownish buff. Twigs rather slender, terete,

smooth, bark pale whitey grey to very pale yellowish, some-

what polished, in places finely longitudinally cracked, some-

times the outer thin layer peeling off and showing a pale

brown layer below; the very youngest shoots with brownish

or reddish bark and often angled or channelled.

Leaves thinly coriaceous, usually obovate, sometimes

elliptic or oblong elliptic, up to c. 7 cm. long and 35 cm.

broad, but usually smaller, apex abruptly acuminate, acu-

men up to 1 cm. long, base long narrowed and decurrent

on petiole; upper surface drying dull olivaceous brown or

blackish brown, very minutely and almost invisibly punctate,

lower surface paler brown or yellowish brown with rather

sparse brownish gland dots; midrib sunk above in a narrow

channel, raised below; primary nerves up to c. 8 pairs, often

fewer, 5-8 mm. distant, hardly visible on upper surface, but

if visible, slightly raised, fine and raised on lower surface,

meeting in an intramarginal nerve c. 3 mm. from the slightly

recurved margin; secondaries and reticulations invisible

above, sufficiently distinct below but less conspicuous than

primaries, reticulations lax; petiole up to c. 1 cm. long,

drying dark, wrinkled, often finely glandular pustulate,

narrowly channelled above.

Inflorescences terminal or from upper axils, panicu-

late, terminal panicles often fasciculate, up to 9 em. long

but usually shorter, primary branchlets ascending, up to c.

2 cm. long, secondary branchlets 5-7 mm. long, branchlets

slender with brown striate bark sometimes dotted with paler

glands. Flowers small, sessile or nearly so, in pairs or more

usually in threes at branchlet ends, bracts and bracteoles

Gardens Bulletin, S.

331

minute and not persistent; buds c. 3 mm. long. Calyx c.

2-5 mm. long, c. 1:75 mm. across lobes, tube brown or black

when dry, finely wrinkled, lobes 4, broadly triangular, blunt

or subacute, incurved, c. 0-5 mm. high and 1 mm. wide, tube

more or less fusiform, suddenly contracted below lobes,

swollen about ovary, then gradually narrowed to a pseudo-

stalk c. 1 mm. long; petals pale brown when dry, calyptrate.

Stamens about 16 in a single row on edge of disc, 0-5-1 mm.

long, filaments stout, their upper part remaining sharply

bent inwards until long after the flower opens; anthers more

or less oblong, 0:2-0:3 mm. long, the apical connective gland

conspicuous as a dark brown knob. Style c. 0-5 mm. long.

Ovary 2-celled with few ovules in each cell.

Fruit pale shining green when ripe, broadly oblong to

oblong obovoid, up to c. 155 cm. long and 1:5-1-75 cm. wide

at widest point, apex depressed with a conical excavation

4—5 mm. diam., fringed with the minute calyx rim but with-

out stamen or style remains; pericarp firm, green, slightly

juicy, c. 5 mm. thick; seed one, globose or more or less dep-

ressed globose or obovoid, cotyledons dark blackish brown

when ripe, testa thin, papery, loose, pale brown ; cotyledons

apparently completely fused, no commissure visible, their

centre occupied by an intrusion of ? placental tissue which

disappears when seed is fully ripe.

SINGAPORE: Reservoir Jungle, SFN 361383 (Corner),

chris collection, holotype in Herb. Singapore. Flowers

in March.

A very peculiar species, which might better be placed

in a new section of the genus, known definitely only from

this locality. The size of the tree, the smallness of the

seth and the peculiar seed readily distinguish it from all

others

What appears to be the same or a closely allied species

was collected by E. J. H. Corner, SFN 30481 at Bukit

Kajang, Kemaman, alt. 500 ft., but there are some differ-

ences in foliage and flower characters, and fruit of the

Kemaman plant is not yet known.

Fiioetiin (§ Syzygium) pseudoclaviflora sp. nov. Fig. 16.

_ . Arbor 6-7 m. alta. Ramuli teretes, ultimi tetragoni.

Folka petiolata, lanceolata vel oblongo-lanceolata, basi

attenuata, apice in acumen longum acutum attenuata, 4-8

em. longa, 1-25—2:5 cm. lata, in sicco supra virescentia, sub-

tus flavescentia, nervis primariis utrinque c. 10, fere obs-

curis. Cymae axillares, sessiles vel breviter pedicellatae.

Flores sessiles. Calycis tubus in sicco clavatus, parte lim- —

boidea cyathiformi, 4-dentata, basi in stipitem brevem

attenuatus, ad 125 mm. longus. Petala calyptratim decidua

Vol. XI. (1947). -

AMUSE as

Wy UY Pm

Fig. 16. Eugenia pseudoclaviflora HENDERSON Del: CHAN YORK CHYE

vel interdum libera. Stamina ad 4 mm. longa. Stylus ad

e.8mm. longus. Ovarium 3-vel 2-loculare. Fructus ignotus.

A tree 6-7 metres tall. Two-year old twigs slender,

terete, with dull blackish brown or reddish brown finely

cracked bark; one year old twigs very slender, paler than

the older twigs or not.

Leaves 4—8 cm. long, 1:25-2:5 cm. broad, lanceolate or

oblong-lanceolate, base long narrowed, apex long acuminate

or almost caudate acuminate, acumen acute; upper surface

dull, smooth, punctate, drying greenish, lower surface drying

yellowish, not gland dotted or punctate, margin somewhat

thickened; midrib sunk above in a narrow channel, raised

and conspicuous below, otherwise the nervation very indis-

tinct or invisible above, only a little more conspicuous below

and then only in young leaves; primary nerves c. 10 pairs,

spaced, meeting in a very cbscure intramarginal nerve close

Gardens Bulletin, S.

‘

300

to the leaf margin, reticulations almost or quite invisible;

petiole blackish brown, wrinkled, up to c. 5 mm. long.

Cymes short, axillary, condensed, sessile or nearly so,

shorter than leaves. Flowers sessile. Calyx narrowly

clavate, the limb slightly cyathiform, the tube long narrow-

ed, contracted at base into a short pseudostalk, slightly

ribbed and finely rugulose-pustulate, c. 12-5 mm. long; lobes

4, broadly rounded, shallow, c. 0-4-0-'5 mm. high. Petals

usually calyptrate, the calyptra subpersistent, or the petals

occasionally free, also subpersistent. Stamens up to 4:5 mm.

long, filaments slender, anthers broadly elliptic or ovate, c.

0-5 mm. long and 0:3-0-4 mm. wide, connective gland incon-

spicuous. Style c. 8 mm. long, rather stout, more or less

cylindric or very slightly fusiform in lower half, upper half

tapering gradually upwards. Ovary 3 or 2 celled. Frwt

unknown.

PAHANG: Track to Gunong Tahan, c. 1,000 ft., on ridge,

SFN 31755 (Kiah), TYPE collection, holotype in Herb.

Singapore. Mature flowers in July.

The inflorescence of this species is very like that of

E.. claviflora Roxb., but the flowers are shorter and stouter ;

the foliage resembles that of FE’. attenuata Koord. & Valet.,

but the inflorescence and flowers differ considerably from

that species.

§$Fissicalyx, sect. nov.

Stamina a tubo calycis supra discum orta; post anthesin

tubus calycis in lobas irregulares longitudinaliter fissus.

Calyx in bud c. 2:5 em. long and 1 cm. broad; primary

nerves c. 15 pairs, intramarginal nerve 0:5-0-7 cm. from

margin : Symingtonane.

Calyx c. 4m. X 3 em.: : primary nerves 18-25 pairs,

intramarginal nerve 2-3 mm. from margin Watsoniana.

¥ Eugenia (§ Fissicalyx) Symingtoniana sp. nov. Fig. 17.

Arbor c. 3-13 m. alta. Ramuli teretes. Folia elliptica

ad elliptico-oblonga, interdum oblongo-lanceolata, apice

abrupte breviter acuminata vel interdum abrupte caudata,

_ basi cuneata, ad 20 cm. longa et 10 cm. lata; nervis primaris

utrinque ad c. 15, 0-75-2 em. distantibus, supra impressis,

subtus prominulis, in venam intramarginalem 0-5-0-7 cm. e

margine conjunctis; petiolis ad 1 cm. longis. Flos sessilis,

1 vel interdum 2. Alabastri calyx subglobosus ad obovatus,

2:5 cm. longus et 1 cm. latus, deorsum in stipitem brevem

attenuatus; lobis ?4; post anthesin tubo calycis in aliquot

lobas irregulares longitudinaliter fisso. Petala ?4, libera,

orbiculares, c. 5 mm. diam. Stamina e tubo calycis supra

discum orta, filamentis numerosissimis, c. 1:5 cm. longis.

Stylus c. 1.cm. longus. Ovarium 2-loculare, multiovulatum.

Vol. XI. (1947).

334

Fig. 17. Eugenia Symingtoniana HENDERSON Del: CHAN YORK CHYE

A tree ec. 3-13 metres tall. Twigs terete, bark drying

whitish or greyish white, smooth, with a slight tendency to

flaking. Leaves elliptic tc elliptic oblong, occasionally

oblong lanceolate, apex abruptly short acuminate or some-

times abruptly caudate, base cuneate and more or less decur-

rent on petiole; up to 20 cm. long and 10 cm. broad; primary

nerves up to about 15 pairs, 0-75-2 cm. distant, impressed

above, prominent but not thick below, leaving midrib at an

angle of 80-85 degrees and running nearly straight, or more

usually curving gently up to the intramargina] nerve, which

is 0-5—0-7 ecm. from leaf margin, with a much fainter one

c. 0-2 cm. from the margin; secondaries and reticulations

faint above, easily visible below, usually a well defined

secondary between each pair of primaries, reticulations

rather lax; upper surface drying fuscous dull or greyish

Gardens Bulletin, S.

——_

335

brown, lower surface a warmer reddish brown; petiole stout,

drying black, deeply channelled above, up to c. 1 cm. long.

Flowers usually solitary or occasionally in pairs at ends

of branches, sessile; calyx in bud subglobose to obovoid, c.

2-5 cm. long and 1 cm. wide when mature, more or less cam--

panulate after anthesis, slightly swollen about ovary, con-

stricted at base into a short stout pseudostalk; surface of

tube smooth or longitudinally striate when dry; lobes ?4,

short, round, gland dotted, but the tube splitting deeply after

anthesis into several deep irregular triangular false lobes.

Petals ?4, free, thin, suborbicular with a short broad claw,

c. 5-6 mm. diam., apparently often subpersistent, as are the

calyx lobes, and adherent to the apices of the rolled back

false calyx lobes. Disc lining calyx tube to c. 0-5 em. above

ovary. Stamens borne on the whole surface of the calyx

tube above disc, the tube being produced c. 1 cm. above disc;

filaments very numerous, slender, flattened below and

gradually tapering upwards, c. 1:5 cm. long; bases of the

fallen stamens giving the inner surface of the rolled back

false calyx lobes a tesselate appearance; anthers oblong, c.

0-6—-0:7 mm. long, connective gland inconspicuous; style c.

1 - long or a little longer. Ovary 2-celled with many

ovules.

PERAK: Sungai Sah, Kledang Saiong, Forest Dept. FMS

14721, flowers in March, Malay name Kelat Jambu;

Sungai Sah, Kinta, Ferest Dept. FMS 28055, flowers

in March, Malay name Keiat.

PAHANG: Bukit Goh Forest Reserve, Kuantan, Forest

Dept. FMS 3136, TYPE collection, holotype in Herba-

rium of Forest Research Institute, Kepong, flowers in

March, Malay name Kelat Kuning; Baloh, Kuantan,

Forest Dept. FMS 3719, flowers in April, Malay name

Kelat Jambu; Gunong Rokam, Pulau Tioman, 2,500 ft.,

SFN 18779 (Nur), flowers in May.

A fruiting specimen without flowers has been collected

at Sungai Paka, Trengganu, Forest Dept. FMS 267238.

There is little doubt that it belongs to this species, but the

fruits are in poor condition and have not been included in

the description of the species. A note upon them follows:

The larger of the two fruits on the sheet is in a rotten

and fragmentary condition. Its diameter may have been c.

25-3 cm., surface smooth and shining, apex with the re-

mains of the calyx tube and the recurved calyx lobes, forming

a crown c. 15 cm. diam. The other fruit is much smaller,

c. 15 cm. diam., oblong globose with a truncate apex com-

pletely occupied by the calyx remains.

A collection made at Ulu Brang, Trengganu, c. 800 ft.

alt., SFN 33750 (Moysey & Kiah) possibly belongs here, but

only immature fruits are available.

Vol. XI. (1947).

306

Eugenia (§ Fissicalyx) Watsoniana sp. nov. Fig. 18.

Arbor adc: 10m. alta. Ramuli teretes. Folia coriacea,

anguste elliptica ad oblongo-elliptica, basi cuneata, apice

abrupte breveque acuminata vel breve acuta, ad c. 20 cm.

longa et 8 cm. lata, petiolis c. 1-1-5 cm. longis; nervis pri-

mariis utrinque 18-25, 0-75-15 cm. distantibus, supra

impressis, subtus prominulis, in venam intramarginalem

2-3 mm. e margine conjunctis; nervis secundariis supra

obscuris, subtus inconspicuis. Flos ?solitarius, terminalis,

sessilis. Calycis tubus campanulatus, deorsum in stipitem

F

Legit | |

Fig. 18. Eugenia Watsoniana -HENDERSON Del: CHAN YORK CHYE

Gardens Bulletin. S.

_

oot

brevissimem crassam attenuatus, c. 4 cm. longus et 3 cm.

latus, lobis 4, rotundatis; post anthesin tubo calycis in 6-7

lobos irregulares longitudinaliter fisso. Petala ignota.

Stamina numerosissima, e tubo calycis supra discum orta, ©

filamentis 1-5-2 cm. longis. Stylusc.3cm.longus. Ovarium

subtus 2-loculare, supra 4-loculare, multiovulatum. Fructus

globosus vel depresso-globosus, 5-6 cm. diam., margine et

lobis crassis reflexis calycis coronatus.

A tree up toc. 10 metres tall. Twigs terete with pale

bark, almost white or greyish white, smooth or slightly flaky.

Leaves more or less coriaceous, narrowly elliptic to oblong

elliptic, base narrowed, apex very abruptly and shortly

acuminate or shortly acute, up to c. 20 cm. long and 8 cm.

broad, petiole rather stout, usually definitely channelled

above, c. 1-1-5 cm. long, the lamina occasionally somewhat

decurrent upon it; primary nerves 18-25 pairs, 0-75—-1:5 cm.

apart, more or less impressed above, prominent below but

not thick, nearly straight or curving gently up to a well

marked intramarginal nerve usually 2-3 mm. from leaf

margin; secondaries and reticulations usually almost invi-

sible above, not conspicuous below; upper surface drying -

dull greyish or fuscous brown, lower surface reddish brown.

Flowers apparently solitary and terminal, sessile, large;

calyx more or less campanulate, shortly narrowed at base to

a very short stout pseudostalk, texture thick and leathery,

smooth or faintly longitudinally ribbed, c. 4 cm. long and

53 em. across in bud, lobes 4, short, broad and rounded, the

calyx tube after anthesis splitting into 6 or 7 rather irregular

lobes 1-1-5 em. long; petals not seen, probably falling very

early; stamens very numerous, borne on the surface of the

calyx tube above the disc, filaments very slender, c. 1-5-2

cm. long, anthers oblong, c. 0-7 mm. long, connective gland

inconspicuous; style stouter than filaments, c. 3 cm. long;

ovary 2-celled below, 4 celled above, multiovulate.

Fruit globose or depressed globose, 5-6 cm. diam.,

smooth or very faintly vertically ribbed when dry, crowned

by the massive remains of the calyx tube 6-9 mm. tall and

c. 2 cm. diam., along with the recurved false calyx lobes;

pericarp hard ‘and woody when dry, 5-7 mm. thick, testa

nearly 1 mm. thick; cotyledons nearly equal, probably sessile,

their inner faces apparently almost plane or slightly concave,

attached to the hypocotyle near their centres.

SELANGOR: Sungai Lallang Forest Reserve, 1,000 ft.,

Forest Dept. FMS 22928, TYPE collection, holotype in

Herbarium of Forest Research Institute, Kepong:: ye}

small straggling tree, 15 ft., in damp stream valley, fir.

yellow”; flowers in March; Kanching Forest Reserve,

Vol. XE. (1947).

338

Forest Dept. FMS 9563, flowers in February, Forest

Dept. FMS 5795, fruit in January; Rantau Panjang

Forest Reserve, Forest Dept. FMS 5 595, fruit in August.

A new section has had to be created for this and the

preceding species. The longitudinal splitting of the calyx

after the flower opens has not, so far as I can discover, been

described in Eugenia, nor has the much more i

character, that of the stamens borne on the calyx tube above

the disc, been found in Eugenia, or indeed in any other genus

of Myrtaceae.

These two species are obviously very closely allied, but

in E. Symingtoniana the stamens are borne over a wider

area of the calyx tube than in E. Watsoniana, the flowers

are smaller, and the leaves have fewer primary nerves, with

the intramarginal nerve further from the leaf margin.

Gardens Bulletin, S.

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PUBLICATIONS OF THE BOTANIC GARDENS,

SINGAPORE

1. The en ere Bulletin of the Malay Peninsula (Old

Series) nos. 1-9, 1891-1900 (out of print).

2. The Agricultural Bulletin of the Straits and F.MLS.

(Second Series, monthly issues) Vols. 1-10, 1901-

1911. Most numbers are available, price 50 cents

each or $5 per volume.

3. The Gardens Bulletin, Straits Settlements.

Vol. 1 nos. 1-5, January to May 1912 (as Agricul-

tural Bulletin of the Straits and F.M.S., Third

Series). nos. 6-12, December 1913—March

1917 (as The Gardens Bulletin, S.S.).

Vol. 2 nos. 1-12, July 1918—August 1921.

Vol. 3 nos. 1-12, August 1923—March 1925.

Vol. 4 nos. 1-12, June 1926—January 1929.

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1929—October 1930.

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The above former issues of the Gardens Bulletin may

be purchased from the Botanic Gardens, Singapore, at $5

per volume or 50 cents per number for vols. 1—5 (Vol. 6, of

15 numbers, $7.50); in some cases two or more numbers

were published together. Vols. 7-10 are published at $8

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The parts are published at irregular intervals, as material

is available.

Subscriptions per volume, havabie in advance, $8 in

Malaya, '$8.50 or £1 outside Malaya.

17513-300—9 / 47

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