ORTHOPTERA

FAM. LOCUSTIDE

SUBFAM. EPHIPPIGERINA (= PYCNOGASTERIN A)

by A. N. CAUDELL

WITH I COLOURED PLATE

AW few genera but a’ goodly number of species. The insects composing this group are large

heavy creatures, queer of appearance and of exceeding interest in as much as the females

WF Z2 are provided with stridulating tympani, these organs being equally well developed

1 both sexes.

Belgium, in northern Europe, is the northern limit of distribution of this group of Orthoptera

ccording to Dr. Burr. Southward they range over northern Africa, but they preponderate in the

berian Peninsula according to the above authority, who also states that a few species are recorded

om the Mediterranean Islands, Italy and the Balkan Peninsula.

The Ephippigerine are insects of slow motion and frequent shrubbery and bushy ground, where

1ey are said to be seen with difficulty so well do they match in with surroundings. Both sexes often

stray their presence by their stridulation, which occurs not only when the insects are undisturbed, but

so when they are angry or excited. The females stridulate as freely as the males and when held in the

and either sex bites freely, proving very vicious little captives. In food habits they are probably

nnivorous. Some species deposit their eggs in stems similar to Gicanthus. These insects mutilate

ich other if inclosed together and in nature probably eat other insects.

Dr. Doederlein, Mittheil. Philomath. Ges. Elsass-Loth. Vol. 3, p. 26-28, plate (1895), in writing of

phippigera vitium, says the females chirp when disturbed and states that the food is by choice dried

»getation. but when such is unavailable they will eat other material, and fruit, as grapes etc. He says

ey will also eat dead insects but not living ones, but will chew each other up if one gets badly wounded.

2 ORTHOPTERA

This subfamily is briefly characterized as follows :

Antenne inserted between the lower edge of the eyes, nearer the clypeal suture than the top of

the occiput. Prosternum unarmed or armed with a pair of spines; pronotum without spines or ser-

rations, the disk flat or sellate, lateral carina present or absent. Both sexes winged, but the organs of

flight are always short and, especially in the female. almost or quite concealed beneath the pronotum;

tympanii well developed in both sexes. Tarsi depressed, the posterior ones with the third segment

longer than the second; fore tibiz furnished with conchate foramina and armed above with an apical

spine on the outer side only; hind tibiz with four apical spurs below and above without apical spines

or with one on the inner side only; femora not strongly swollen basally. Ovipositor usually as long as,

or longer than, the abdomen and curved more or less strongly upwards.

The first general review of this subfamily was by Bolivar in 1878, Anal. Soc. Espan. Hist. Nat.

Vol. 7, p. 446. He gave tables of genera and species as then known. The same author twenty-five years

later, Ann. Mus. Zool. Univ. Napoli (n. ser.), Vol. 1, p. 1, 2 (1903), enumerates the genera and points

out that the sternum furnishes promising characters for classification. Recently Dr. Malcolm Burr, Ext,

Record, Vol. 19, p. 237-239 (1907), gives a brief but able discussion of the subfamily with a table of

genera and then follows with a treatment of the species found in western Europe.

Nine genera comprise this subfamily. They may be separated by the following table :

TABLE OF GENERA OF THE FAMILY EPHIPPIGERINZ 1)

t. Pyonotum fiat above (with distinct persistent lateral carinae); proster-

num aymed with a pay of spines . . . . . . . . . . ‘4. Genus PycnocGasTeER, Graells.

— Pronotum sellate, the metazona in a different plane than that of the

DAES (TEAL OULD BD DDR Po mG 5 6 bo 8 8 © g Ace 6 & 2.

2. Vertex inclined, with the fastium forming a tubercle, and generally

sulcate longitudinally, contiguous beneath with a frontal tubercle,

which is narrower than the first segment of the antennae. . . . . . . . . . . . sw . 3.

— Vertex vertical, with fastigium little prominent ; no frontal tubercle ;

suture of the union with the vertex greater than the breadth of the

[EE SAGE Of WC ee ee GE OND Ss oc) Gl eon a 8 6 ees 0 5b 4 Oe

3. Pronotum with no lateral keels separating disc from side flaps, more ov

VESSICVIMNAVIGAI Oe ee CU CO GENUS Ee PRIPrIGERAW eatrenlles

— Pronotum with lateral heels separating the disc from the side flaps. . . . . . 2. 1... eee 4

4. Supraanal plate of male not separated from the anal segment, which is

produced between the cerci (ovipositor, in the European species,

SEVOM GL ACUMUCHMUPIWAKAS)\.00 oy ee) i) st . . 3, Genus Uromenus, Bolivar.

— Supraanal plate of male more or less separated from the anal segment.

(CHAO? SPAS GRD a io) OMI ON MNO eH eee oo 6 6 5 5) Ss

5. Ventral segments entire, that 1s, represented by a smooth or lumpy cen-

tral plate ; supraanal plateof male joined to the anal segment, the point

of union marked by a distinct furrow. Cerct uf male conical or cylin-

drvical and truncate obliquely at the extremity, with an inner tooth

mpthemiuddteovapialhalf. . . ') . . . . =. .'. . .4. Genus STEROPLEURUS, Bolivar

—- Ventval seyments represented, at least at the base of the abdomen, by

1) After Burr, with slight modification.

PAM: LOCUSTIDA: 3

two callosities, placed one on each side of the median line, and near

to each other. Supraanal plate of male placed below the anal segment.

Cerci of male large, with the base broad and produced intertorly ito

a strong tooth, then slender, and longer than the supraanal plate,

bent inwards, at the apex, which ends tn a sharp point . Genus CaLiicrania, Bolivar.

6. Side flaps of pronotum roundly inserted; pronotum with no lateral

keels.

— Side flaps Spine set at an angle; metazona with lateral keels . 6. Genus Pratystotus, Bolivar.

“I

7. Small, less than 3o mm. long in either sexe, exclusive of the ovipositor ;

coloy above black 7. Genus PrR&PHIPPIGERA, Bolivar.

— Large, over 40 mm. long in both sexes; green. . . . . . . . 8. Genus Bzrica, Bolivar.

Unplaced . g. Genus SyNEpHippus, Navas.

GENUS PYCNOGASTER, GRAELLS

Pycnogaster. Graells, Mem. Acad. Sc. Madrid (3), Vol. 1 (2), p. 155 (1851); Bolivar, Orth. Esp.

Portug. p. 177 (1876); Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth. p. 403 (1882); Rev. Orth. p. 189 (1893);

Navas, Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 2, p. 266 (1902); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 173

(1906); Burr, Ent. Record, Vol. 20, p. 199 (1908). ;

Bathyscapes. Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 188 (1853).

Characters. — General form stout and plump. Pronotum more or less flat above, not sellate,

lateral carinz present, distinct and persistent; lateral lobes vertical, longer than high, the lower margins

generally emarginate or concave; prosternum armed with a pair of spines. Elytra almost or quite

concealed beneath the pronotum, especially in the female. Posterior femora short and weak, but

slightly swollen at the base; hind tibiz with or without an apical spine in the inner side above, none on

the outer side.

Type. — Pycnogaster jugicola, Graells.

Geographical distribution of species, — Europe, Africa.

1. P. bolivart, Brunner, Prodr. Europ. Orth. p. 403-404, pl. 10, f. 92 (1882). Spain.

2. P. brevipes, Navas, Act. Soc. Esp. p. 235 (1899). Spain.

3. P. cucullatus, Charpentier, Hor. Ent. p.98(1825) (Barbitistes). Spain, Portugal.

. P. finotit, Bolivar, An. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 10, p. 503, pl.8,f.1(1881). Oran, Algeria, Spain.

gaditanus, Bolivar, Ann. Sc. Nat. Porto, Vol. 6, p. 4 (1900).

5. P. graellsi, Bolivar, An. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 2, p. 218, pl. 9, f.2 Spain.

(1873). — Plate, Fig. |

6. P. meymis, Rambur, Faune Andal. Vol. 2, p. 57, pl. 4, f. 1, 2 (1839) Sierra Nevada, Spain.

(Bradyporus).

7. P. jugicola, Graells, Mem. Acad. Sc. Madrid (3), Vol. 1 (2), p. 157, pl. 9, Spain, Portugal.

f. 1-3 (1851).

8. P. sanchez-gomezt Bolivar, Act. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. p. 172 (1897). Ahmeria, Valenzia, Spain.

2. GENUS EPHIPPIGER, LATREILLE

Ephippiger. Latreille, Cuvier’s Regne Anim. (new edit.), p. 184, footnote (1829); Serville, Ann. Sc.

Nat. Vol. 22, p. 165 (1831); Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 446 (1878); Saussure,

ORTHOPTERA

Rey. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 231 (1878); Kirby, Proc. Royal Dublin Soc. Vol. 6, p. 579 (1890) ;

Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 166 (1906); Burr, Ent. Rec. Vol. 19, p. 239 (1907).

Ephippigerida. Buysson, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 9, p. 226 (1903); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth.

Vol. 2, p. 166 (1906); Caudell, Ent. News Philad. Vol. 22, p. 166 (1911).

Characters. — Fastigium of the vertex compressed between the antennz as a more or less

elevated tubercle, usually concave above. Pronotum distinctly sellate, without lateral carine, the lateral

lobes rounded; prosternum unarmed. Legs of various lengths but usually short, but little swollen

basally; anterior tibia with an apical spine above on the outer side; hind tibie with an apical spine

above on the inner side only. Elytra very short, being almost concealed beneath the pronotum.

SLO:

JOH,

ita)

16.

17.

. aveolavia, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 188, 210, pl. 5, f.

. cuntt, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p.

. nigromarginata, Lucas, Explor. Alg. Vol. 3, p. 19 (4

?. elegans, Fischer,

Type. — Giyllus ephippiger, Fiebig.

Geographical distribution of species. — Europe, North Africa.

. andalusius, Rambur, Faune Andal. Vol. 2, p. 49, pl. 3, f. 3-4 (1839)

(Ephippiger).

scabyicollis, Rambur, Faune Andal. Vol. 2, p. 51 (1839).

vay. levantina, Bolivar, Bolet. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 8, p. 332 (1908).

6 (1876)

(Ephippiger).

. borellit, Griffini, Boll. Mus. Torino, Vol. 8, n° 138, p. 1, f. 1 (1893)

(Ephippigera),.

. boymanst, Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth. p.373, 394 (1882) (Ephippigera).

. cavimata, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 189. 212, pl. 5, f. 5 (1876) (Ephippiger).

. erucigera, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p 202 (1853) (Ephippigera).

188, 208, pl. 4, f. 12a-b (1876)

(Ephippiger).

. diluta, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 442, 447,

pl. 4, f. 9, 9a (1878) (Ephippiger).

gracilis, Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth. p. 370, 379 (1882) | Ephippigera).

. discoidalis, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 203 (1853) (Ephippigera).

minor, Krauss, Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien. Vol. 68 (1), p. 529 (1879).

sphaeophila, Krauss, ibidem, Vol. 68, p. 531, pl. 5, f. 2a-d (1879).

limbata, Fischer, Orth. Eur. p. 216, pl. 10, f. 7 (1853) (Ephippigera).

selenophora, Fieber, Lotos. Vol. 3, p. 204 (1853).

major, Krauss, Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien. Vol. 68 (1), p. 529 (1879

\pli2.ataoda-o

(1849) (Ephippigera).

dorsalis, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 202 (1853) (Ephippigera).

Orth. Eur. p. 219; pl. to, f. 13a-d (1853)

(Ephippigera).

. ephippiger, Fiebig, Schrift Berl. Ges. Nat. Freunde. Vol. 5, p. 263,

pl. 4, f. 6-8 (1784) (Gryllus).

silvicola, Azam, Misc. Ent. Vol. 9, p. 198 (1901).

vittum, Serville, Ann, Sc, Nat. Vol, 22, p. 165 (1831).

fibigii, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 203 (1853).

fabricii, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 203 (1853).

var, moguntiaca, Schuster, Jahrb, Nassau, Nat. Vol. 5a, p. 153 (1906).

. hispanica, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 202 (1853).

. latipennis, Fischer, Orth. Eur. p. 215 note, pl. 10, f. 5-5a (1853).

. longicauda, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist Nat. Vol. 2, p. 220. pl. 9,

f. 3 (1873). — Plate, Figs 3, 4.

. oynata, Schmidt. Haidinger, Ber. Mitth. Freund. Nat. Wien, Vol. 6,

p- 184 (1850).

. pantingana, Navas, Bol. Soc. Aragon. Sc. Nat. Vol. 3, p. 191 (1904).

Spain, Portugal, North

Africa.

Cartagena.

Spain.

Italy.

Italy, France.

Spain.

Sicily.

France, Spain.

Spain.

Europe.

Sicily, Algeria.

Italy.

France, Holland, Germany,

Belgium. Switzerland,

Austria, Italy, Hungary,

Spain, Bulgaria, ete.

Mayence.

Spain.

Algeria.

Spain.

Carniola.

Spain.

FAM. LOCUSTIDA® 5

18. &. paulinot. Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 189, 215, pl. 5, f. 3a-6 (1876). Granada.

19. &. perforata, Rossi, Fauna Etrusca, Vol. 1, p. 267, pl. 8, f. 3-4 (1790) Italy.

(Locusta).

rossit, Fieber, Lotos, Vol 3, p. 202 (1853).

20. E. provincialis, Yersin, Bull. Soc. Vaud. Vol. 4, p.65, pl. 1, f.9-15 (1856). France.

21. E. saussuveanus, Bolivar, Anal Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 442.447 Spain.

pl. 4, f. 8 (1878).

22. E. taeniata, Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 238 (1898). Morocco.

23. E. terrestris, Yersin, Bull. Soc. Vaud. Vol. 4, p. 63, pl. 1, f. 1-8 (1856). Provence, Piedmont.

minor, Azam, Bull. Soc. Sc. Litt. Basses-Alpes, Vol. 6, p. 219 (1893).

24. E. verticalis, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 201 (1853). Sicily.

25. E. sabatertt, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 188-206, pl. 5, f. 7 (1876). Aragon.

26. E. selleri, Fischer, Orth. Eur. p. 220, pl. ro, f. 15-a-d (1853). Rome.

Nore. — Burr, Ent. Record, Vol. 20, p. 113 (1908), mentions Ephippiger politus as a species

unknown to him. He attributes the name to Navas and gives the date as 1899. | can not find that such

a species was ever described by Navas and I de not know to what Dr. Burr referred. (Later Rev. Navas

writes me that this refers to Sterofleurus polita, Bolivar.)

3. GENUS UROMENUS, BOLIivAR

Uromenus. Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 446 (1878); Buysson, Bull. Hist. Nat.

Paris, Vol. g. p. 225 (1903); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 161 (1906).

Stenopleurus,. Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 231 (1808).

Characters. — Fastigium of the vertex as in Ephippiger. Pronotum sellate, but provided with

more or less distinct lateral carinee, at least posteriorly; prosternum unarmed. Both fore and hind tibie

furnished with an apical spine above. Supraanal plate of the Q not separated from the anal segment.

Ovipositor curved upwards, usually quite strongly so.

Type. — Ephippiger rugosicollis, Serville.

Geographical distribution of species. — Europe, Africa.

1. U. agavenus, Brunner von Wattenwyl, Prodr. Europ. Orth. p. 370,377 Ceuta.

(1882) (Ephippigera).

]. compresstcollis, Fischer, Orth. Eur. p. 215, pl. 10, f. 6 (1853) Algeria.

(Ephippigera).

transfuga, Brunner von Wattenwyl, Prodr. Europ. Orth. p. 372, 389

(1882) (Ephippigera).

3. U. confusus, Finot, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. Vol. 65, p. 539, 542 (1897) France, Algeria.

(Ephippigera).

4. U. costaticollis, Lucas, Explor. Alger. Vol. 3, p. 17, Orth. pl. 2, #.3 Algeria.

(1849) (Ephippigera). — Plate, Fig. 5.

. U. finott, Brunner von Wattenwyl, Prodr. Eur. Orth. p. 370, 376 Algeria.

(1882) (Ephippigera).

6. U. hastatus, Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 807 (1898) (Ephif- Morocco.

pigera).

on!

7. U.imnocentu, Finot & Bonnett, Rev. Montpell. (3), Vol. 4, p. 345, Tunis.

pl. 16, f. 8-43 (1885) (Ephippiger).

var. lobata, Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 236 (1898) (Ephippigera). Algeria.

8. U. laticollis, Lucas, Explor. Alger. Vol. 3, p. 18, Orth. pl. 2, f. 4 (1849) Algeria.

(Ephippigera).

g. U. maroccanus, Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 235 (1898) Morocco.

(Ephippigera).

Io.

14.

ay (Of

Soul

ORTHOPTERA

. mauretanicus, Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p.

(Ephippigera).

. poncyt, Bolivar, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. p. 222 (1902) (Ephippigera

[ Uromenus]).

rhombifer, Bolivar, Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 8, p. 330 (1908).

yugosicollis, Serville, Ins. Orth. p. 475 (1839) (Ephippiger).

durteut, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 187, 203, 300, pl. 4, f. 10 (1876) (Ephippiger).

vespertina, Dufour, Rech. Anat. Phys. Orth. p. 347, pl. f. 36 (1841)

(Ephippiger). .

233 (1898)

. vosselevi, Krauss, Jahr. Ver. Wiirttemb. Vol. 49, p. 96 (1893)

(Ephippigera).

. vaucherianus, Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p.

(Ephippigera).

232 (1808)

Morocco.

Morocco, Atlas.

Marruecos,

France, Spain, Corsica,

Sardinia, Alger.

Algeria.

Morocco.

4. GENUS STEROPLEURUS, BOLIVAR

. Steropleurus. Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 449 (1878); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth.

Vol. 2, p. 163 (1g06); Burr, Ent. Record, Vol. 20, p. 58 (1908).

Characters. — In general structure agreeing with Uvomenus but is separable from that genus by

the supraanal plate of the of being more or less separated from the anal segment and the ovipositor is

not usually so strongly curved upwards. The ventral segments of the abdomen are entire and the cerci

of the Gf are conical or cylindrical with an inner toothe at the middle or in the basal half.

1G,

5 Se

nee

cS)

S. martorellit, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 444, 450,

. brevicollis, Fischer, Orth. Eur. p.

. byunnert, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p.

Type. — Ephippiger brunneri, Bolivar.

Geographical distribution of species. — Europe, Africa.

. algericus, Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth. p. 371, 382 (1882) (Ephippigera).

. annae, Targioni-Tozzetti, Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital. Vol. 13, p. 181 (1881)

(Ephippigera).

coronata, Costa, Atti Accad. Nap. (2), Vol. 1 (9), p. 50 (1884) (Ephippiger).

. antennatus, Brunner, Prodr. Eur.Orth. p. 371, 383 (1882) (Ephippigera).

. asturviensis, Bolivar, Ann. Sc. Nat. Porto, Vol. 5, p. 140, 144 (1898)

(Ephippigera).

. balearica, Bolivar, C. R. Soc. Ent. Belg. Vol. 28, p. 106 (1884)

(Ephippiger).

219 note, pl. 10, f. 12, 12a (1853)

(Ephippigera).

186, 1go, pl. 4, f. 4, 4@ (1876)

(Ephippiger).

. castellanus, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 444, 450,

pl. 4, f. 11 (1878) (Ephippiger).

catalaunicus, Bolivar, Ann. Sc. Nat. Porto, Vol. 5, p. 140, 143 (1808)

(Ephippigera).

cavannae, Targioni-Tozzetti, Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital. Vol. 13, p. 181

(1881) (Ephippigera).

flavovittatus, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol, 7, p. 445, 450

(1878) (Ephippiger).

tmenaymis, Buysson, Bull. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 9, p. 225 (1903)

Nomen nudum, undiscribed.

lucast, Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth. p. 372, 386 (1882) (Ephippigera).

pl. 4. f. 12 (1878) (Ephippigera).

var. angulata, Bolivar, Bolet. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 8, p. 332 (1908).

Algeria.

Sardinia.

Algeria.

Asturias.

Majorca.

Algeria?

Spain.

Burgos.

Catalonia.

Calabria.

Algeria.

Algeria,

Spain.

Molinicos.

FAM. LOCUSTIDZ®

“I

15. S. nevii, Vosseler, Zool. Jahrb. Syst. Vol. 16, p. 398, pl. 18, f. 7, 8 N. Africa.

(1902) (Ephippigera).

16. S. nobret, Bolivar, Ann. Sc. Nat. Porto, Vol. 5, p. 141, 145 (1898) Spain, Portugal.

(Ephippigera).

17. S. obsoletus, Bolivar, ibidem, Vol. 5, p. 143, 148 (1898) (Ephippigera). Spain.

18. S. ortegai, Pantel, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 25. p. 72 (1896) Spain.

(Ephippigera).

1g. S. panteli, Navas, Act. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. p.46, 176(1899)(Ephifpigera). Tarragona.

S. perezit, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 187, 200, pl. 4, f. 9 (1876) (Ephippigera). Spain.

— Plate, Fig. 6.

21. S. polita, Bolivar, Bolet. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 1, p. 335 (1gor). Spain.

22. S. pseudolus, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 445, 450 Spain.

(1878) (Ephippiger) (Steropleurus).

23. S. stculus, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 201 (1853) (Ephippigera). Sicily.

idomenaei, Lucas, Rev. Zool.(2), Vol. 6, p.165, pl.2,f. 1 (1854) (Ephippigera).

maculatis, Yersin, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (3), Vol. 8,p. 517, pl. 10, f. 3-6 (1860)

(Ephippigera).

24. S. staeli, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 187, 202, pl. 4, f. 11 (1876) (Ephippiger). Spain.

5. GENUS CALLICRANIA, BOLIVAR

Callicrania. Bolivar, Ann. Sc. Nat. Porto, Vol. 5, p. 134 (1898); Azam, Misc. Ent. Vol. 9, p. 110

(tg01); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 171 (1906); Burr, Ent. Record. Vol. 20, p. 196 (1908).

Lamprogaster. Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 451 (1878); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth.

Vol. 7, p. 171 (1906).

Characters. — Fastigium of the vertex more or less lubercular. Pronotum sellate, the lateral

carine more or less well developed, at least towards the posterior portion; prosternum unarmed. Fore

and middle tibiz with an apical spine above, at least on one side. Ventral segments of the abdomen, at

least the basal ones, represented by two callosities, one on each side of the median line and near to each

other. Supraanal plate of the o placed below the anal segment; cerci of Gf large with the base broad

and produced interiorly into a strong tooth, then slenderer and longer than the supraanal plate, sharp

and bent inward apically. Subanal plate of Q furnished at the base with two oblique keels and bent

inwards, forming a depression on each side, the rest membraneous.

Type. — Ephippiger (Steropleurus) vramburu, Bolivar.

Geographical distribution of species. — Europe, Africa.

1. C. bolivart, Seoane.C. R_ Soc. Ent. Belg. Vol.21, p.71(1878) (Ephippiger). Spain.

2. C. megit, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 2. p. 224, pl. 9, f. 5 Spain, Portugal.

(1872) (Ephippigera): Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 172 (1906)

(Callicrania).

3. C. pellucida, Bolivar. Le Naturaliste, Vol. 7, p. 116 (1885) (Ephif- Western Europe, Portugal,

pigera). Spain, North Africa.

4. C. selligey, Charpentier, Hor. Ent. p. 99 (1825) (Bartitistes). Spain, Portugal.

5. C. seoanet, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 187, 197. pl. 4, f. 7a-b (1876) Spain, Portugal.

(Ephippiger). — Piate, Figs. 7, 8.

laeta, Navas, Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 2, p. 333 (1903) (Ephippigera);

Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 171 (1906).

6. C. monticola, Serville, Ins. Orth. p. 476 (1839) (Ephippiger). Spain.

vamburt, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 443, 449, pl. 4,

f. 19, 19a (1878) (Ephippiger [Steropleurus]).

7. C. serrata, Bolivar, Le Naturaliste, Vol. 7, p. 117 (1885) (Ephippigera). Spain, Portugal.

8 ORTHOPTERA

6. GENUS PLATYSTOLUS, BOLivarR

Platystolus. Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 450 (1878); Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth.

p- 399 (1882): Navas, Bol. Soc. Aragon. Scienc. Nat. Vol. 3, p. 197 (1904); Notas Zool. Vol. 9,

p 5 (1905); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 173 (1906).

Characters. — Fastigium of the vertex scarcely tubercular and no tubercle situated below it

as common in most the foregoing genera. Pronotum sellate, lateral carince present posteriorly, the

lateral lobes declivate; prosternum unarmed. Posterior tibize with an apical spine above.

Type. — Ephippiger surcularius, Bolivar.

Geographical distribution of species. — Europe.

1. P. martinezu, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 2, p. 222, pl. 9, Spain.

f. 4 (1873) (Ephippigera).

2. P. surcularius, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 186, 198, pl. 5, f. ga-b (1876) Spain, Portugal.

(Ephippiger). — Plate, Fig. 9.

7. GENUS PR/AEPHIPPIGERIDA, BuYSSON

Przephippigerida. Buysson, Bull. Mus. Paris, Vol. 9, p. 227 (1903); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2,

p. 172 (1906).

Przephippigera. Bolivar, Ann. Mus. Zool. Univ. Napoli (n. ser.), Vol. 1, p. 1 (1903). -— Nomennudum,

no spectes included.

Characters. — This genus Is similar to Platys'olus but for the pronotum, which is without

lateral carinee. The pronotum is elevated anteriorly and keeled mesially behind. The lateral lobes of the

pronotum are sinuate on the lower border. The ovipositor is slightly incurved. The single species

belonging here is a very large plump insect ‘of a green or yellowish color,

Type. — Ephippigera pachvgaster, Lucas.

Geographical distribution of species. — Africa, Europe (Sardinia).

1. P. pachygaster, Lucas, Expl. Alg. Vol. 3, p. 15 (4); Orth. pl. 2, f. 2 Algeria, Tunis (Sardinia).

(1849) (Ephippigera). — Plate, Fig. 10-

burmeister, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 201 (1853) (Ephippigera).

oudryanus, Bonnet & Finot, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. (6), Vol. 4, p. 27 (1884

(Ephippiger).

8. GENUS BAETICA, BUYSSON

Baetica. Bysson, Bull. Mus. Paris, Vol. 9, p. 227 (1903).

Platephippius. Navas. Bol. Soc. Aragon, Sc. Nat. Vol. 3, p. 197 (1904).

Characters. — Structurally very close to the previous genus but the single species comprising

it may be easily separated from the single species of Praephippigerida by the much smaller size and the

color of the entire upper surface, which is black with light tinge on hinder part of the pronotum. The

legs are not black.

Type. — Ephippiger ustulata, Rambur.

eh pe < mye

tf ‘ “ ¥ -7 - 7 re A ° *

ESS: : ‘ ORTHOPTERA |

Y :

« < s

+ & _

i i -

nh a

e 7

» y a

> «

= of ae Pd

3 _T

Suetiog usted Wesabe. ; ; uh

ee” 3 : ‘ se” . >

eed e - gY <n

Py q

Fd - *

\ ;. oo} = ae

a! i 7 :

{i 3

2 at bY JS R

uJ 7 ‘ =a e-

thilltiewnia seounei Bol, Plitystolus suercularius Bol. ~

Beier abdomen Hom above. i Up of abdomen trom. abore. :

ve s 2 " ~ . no:

: é

;

Praephippigerida pachygaster Lucas,

Mad Pony F ‘ wae

ee Pyenuguster graellsi. Bol. Baksaniqer: let east Bed

str preelio: Bol, 5 : Ones BEES Te: ; phippiger longteawuia Bol.

by f _yronotum a yan)! = . oF. prokititem. ste We Enil.of abdomen. from above.

5 A

20 ee Toews. ree

‘SUBPAM. EPHIPPIGERINA _ ; = ; =f

Pe n

le situated below it

vent posterorly, the

hove,

Tyae :

Beagerawtag: tietciby!

mee as

PR ACPHIPPIGS Rit

Crephipeigerian

Preehianigera,

Spaoser *edreaben

Gherecters. Mi lar t la but for the pronetam, which is without

lata cathe Phe 5 te and keeled niestally behind. The lateral lobeg of the

1 ig slightly imeurved. The single ‘species

Baetica. § Hint 103),

% Uy

Platephiavivs. ‘ek bial. 2 rine St are DP. 197 (Fgoy}

Cittdrasters, -— Strictivally vei ie mevinus genus but the singh ins “coe shag >

vent

Dit may Be evsiiy sewarated trom the angie sp Pracshppigerida by the nwch esl Ae al tie

‘sof 4

tinge on hinder part of the areata Phe

Ress: ;

iA Jegs are not iviack

—

Rip Tyee. — Lpvippiger witdsia; Hammar -

GENERA INSECTORUM ORTHOPTERA

Steropleurus perezti Bolivar.

Callicrania seoanet Bol. ovipositor

Callicrania seoanei Bol. Platystolus surcularius Bol.

End of abdomen from above. tip of abdomen from above.

Cromenus costaticollis Lucas. Praephippigerida pachygaster Lucas.

Pyenogaster graellsi Bol.

pronotum, side view.

Pycnogaster graellsi Bol.

Lphippiger longicauda Bol.

pronotum , side view.

End of abdomen from above.

FAM. LOCUSTIDAL

SUBFAM. EPHIPPIGERINA

FAM. LOCUSTID

Geographical distribution of species. — Andalusia.

1. B. ustulata, Rambur, Faune Andal. Vol. 2, p. 52, pl. 4. f. 3, 4 (1839)

Andalusia.

(Ephippiger); Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth. pp. 399, 401 (1882) (Platys-

tolus); Buysson. Bol. Mus. Paris, Vol. 9, p.

227 (1903) (Baetica) ;

Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 172 (1906): Burr, Ent, Record, Vol. 20,

p. 198 (1908). — Plate, Fig. II.

9. GENUS SYNEPHIPPIUS, Navas

Synephippius. Navas, Notas Zool. Vol. 9, p. 4, 5 (1905).

Characters. — Original after Navas. « Fronte inter antennas tuberculo transverso minuto, a

tuberculo verticis deplanato, medio impresso, sejuncto. Pronoto carinis lateralibus distinctis in prozona

et metazona; metazona disco fornicato, medio haud carinato. Segmento anali in 6 postice elongato in

duos lobulos, medio longitudinaliter impresso, laminam supraanalem bilobatam fere occultante; cercis

externe acuminatis, dente acuto ante apicem interne instructis. Lamina subgenitalis in Q postice medio

emarginata, lateribus sulco obliquo distincta. Femoribus posterioribus subtus spinulis paucis instructis.

Cetera ut in genere antiquo Platystolus ».

Type. — Platystolus obvious, Navas.

Geographical distribution of species. — Spain.

1. S. obvious, Navas, Bol. Soc. Aragon Scienc. Nat. Vol. 3, p. 196 (1904)

(Platystolus).

Pages

agarenus, Brunn. (gy. Uromenus)

algericus, Brunn. (g. Steropleurus)

andalusius, Ramb. (g. Ephippiger)

angulata, Bol. (g. Steropleurus)

annae, Targ.-Tozz. (g. Steropleurus)

antennatus, Brunn. (g. Steropleurus)

areolaria, Bol. (g. Ephippiger)

asturiensis, Bol. (g. Steropleurus)

Beztica (gen.), Buyss.

balearica, Bol. (g. Steropleurus)

Bathyscapes (gen.), Fieb.

bolivari, Seoane (g. Callicrana)

bolivari, Brunn. (g. Pycnogaster)

borellii, Griff. (g. Ephippiger)

bormansi, Brunn. (g. Ephippiger)

brevicollis, Fisch. (g Steropleurus)

brevipes, Nav. (g. Pycnogater)

burmeistert, Fieb. (g. Praephippigerida)

ann rt - Ww

INDEX

Pages

brunneri, Bol. (g. Stevopleurus) 6

Callicrana (gen.), Bol. 7

carinata, Bol. (g. Ephippiger) 4

castellanus, Bol. (g. Stevopleurus) 6

catalaunicus, Bol. (g. Stevopleurus) 6

cavannae, Targ.-Tozz.(g.Steropleurus) 6

compressicolis, Fisch. (g. Uromenus) 5

confusus, Fin. (g. Uromenus) 5

coronata, Costa (g. Steropleurus) 6

costaticollis, Luc. (g. Uromenus) 5

crucigera, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger) 4

cucullatus, Charp. (g. Pycnogaster) 3

cunii, Bol. (g. Ephtppiger) 4

diluta, Bol. (g. Ephippiger) 4

discoidalis, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger) 4

dorsalis, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger) 4

durieui, Bol. (g. Uromenus) 6

Spain.

elegans, Fisch. (g. Ephippiger)

Ephippiger (gen.), Latr.

ephippiger, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger)

Ephippigerida (gen.), Buyss.

EPHIPPIGERINZ (Subfam.)

fabricit, Fieb. (g. Ephipptger)

jihigti, Fieb. (g. Ephipprger)

finoti, Brunn. (g. Uromenus

finotii, Bol. (g. Pycnogaster)

flavovittatus, Bol. (g. Stevopleurus)

gaditanus, Bol. (g. Pycnogaster)

gracilis, Brun. (g. Ephippiger)

graellsii, Bol. (g. Pycnogaster)

hastatus, Sauss. (g. Uromenus)

hispanica, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger)

idomenaei, Luc. (g. Steropleurus)

Pages

+ t Hh ph Wp

nw nn

inenarmis, Buyss. (g. Steropleura) 6

inermis, Ramb. (g. Pycnogaster) 3

innocentii. Fin. & Bon. |g. Uromenus) 5

jugicola, Graells (g. Pycnogaster) 3

laeta, Nav. (g. Callicrana)

Lamprogaster (gen.}. Bol.

laticollis, Luc. (g. Uromenus)

latipennis, Fisch. (g. Ephippiger)

levantina, Bol. (g. Ephippiger)

limbata, Fisch. (g. Ephippiger)

lobata, Sauss. (g. Uromenus)

longicauda, Bol. (g. Ephippiger)

lucasi, Brun. (g. Steropleura)

Ar nt PF UN N

maculatis, Yers. (g. Steropleurus)

major, Krauss (g. Ephippiger)

maroccanus, Sauss. (g. Uromenus)

martinezii, Bol. (g. Platystolus)

martorellii, Bol. (g. Steropleurus)

mauretanicus, Sauss. (g. Uromenus)

miegii, Bol. (g. Callicvana)

minor, Azam (g. Ephippiger)

minor, Krauss (g. Ephippiger)

moguntiaca, Schust. (g. Ephippiger)

monticola, Serv. (g. Callicrana)

nerii, Voss. (g. Steropleurus)

nigromarginata, Luc. (g. Ephippiger)

nobrei, Bol. (g. Steropleurus)

Tan es Ne,

Lan!

CPI AAP wp

Leal

Pages

Washington, D. C., U. S. A. 15th September rg12.

ORTHOPTERA

obsoletus, Bol. (g. Steropleurus)

obvious, Nav. (g. Syuephippius)

ornata, Schmidt (g. Ephippiger)

ortegai, Pant. (g. Steyopleurus)

oudryanus, Bonn. & Fin. (g. Praephip-

pigerida)

pachygaster, Luc. (g. Praephippige-

rida)

panteli, Nav. (g. Steropleura)

pantingana, Nav. (g. Ephippiger)

paulinoi, Bol. (g. Ephippiger)

pellucida, Bol. (g. Callicrana)

perezii, Bol. (g. Steropleura)

perforata, Ross. (g. Ephippiger)

Platephippius (gen.), Nav.

Platystolus (gen ), Bol.

polita, Bol. (g. Steropleura)

politus, Nav. (g. Ephippiger)

poncyi, Bol. (g. Uromenus)

Praephippigera (gen.), Bol.

Przephippigerida (gen.), Buyss.

provincialis, Yers. (g. Ephippiger)

pseudolus, Bol. (g. Stevopleura)

Pycnogaster (gen.), Graells.

PYCNOGASTERINE (Subfam.)

vamburt, Bol. (g. Callicrana)

rhombifer, Bol. (g. Uromenus)

rossit, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger)

rugosicollis, Bol. (g. Uromenus)

fo)

OST ti 0-60 OY th SS? 6G om hI OS tn A

Annan

EXPLANATION OF PLATE

sanchez-gomezi, Bol. (g. Pycnogaster) 3

surcularius, Bol. (g. Platystolus)

saussureanus, Bol. (g. Ephippiger)

scabricollis, Ramb, (g. Ephippiger)

selenophora, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger)

selliger, Charp. (g. Callicrana)

seoanei, Bol. (g. Callicrana)

serrata, Bol. (g. Callicrana)

siculus, Fieb (g. Steropleurus)

siluicola, Az. (g. Ephippiger)

sphaeophila, Krauss (g. Ephippiger)

staeli, Bol. (g. steropleurus)

Stenopleurus (gen.), Sauss.

Steropleurus (ven.), Bol.

Synephippius (gen.), Nav.

teeniata, Sauss. (g. Ephippiger)

terrestris, Yers. (g. Ephippiger)

transfuga, Brunn. (g. Uromenus)

Uromenus (gen.), Bol.

ustulata, Ramb. (g. Baetica)

vaucherianus, Sauss, (g. Uromenus)

verticalis, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger)

vespertina, Duf. (g. Uromenus)

vitium, Serv. (g. Ephippiger)

vosseleri, Krauss (g. Uromenus)

zapateril, Bol. (g. Ephippiger)

zelleri, Fisch. (g. Ephippiger)

Pycnogaster graellsi, Bolivar (GQ, pronotum, side view), after Bolivar.

— (Gc, pronotum, top view), after Bolivar.

Ephippiger longicauda, Bolivar (Q, side view), after Bolivar.

— (co, end of abdomen from above), after Bolivar.

Uromenus costaticollis, Lucas (Gj, side view), after Lucas.

Steropleurus perezit, Bolivar (Q, side view), after Bolivar.

Callicrania seoanet, Bolivar (Gt, end of abdomen from above), after Bolivar.

— _(Q, ovipositor from the side), after Bolivar.

. Baetica ustulata, Rambur (c, original).

Platystolus surcularius, Bolivar (O*, tip of abdomen from above), after Bolivar.

Praephippigerida pachygaster, Lucas (0, side view), after Lucas.

coownn fF PN NNN Sf BB NN OO