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THE AMERICAN MUSEUM

NATURAL HISTORY

Prone FASCIEULE ORTHOPTERA

. GENERA

[NSECTORUM

e ot DIRIGES PAR

P.WYTSMAN

ORTHOPTERA

FAM. MANTID/E i

SU'BI AM. .VATINZE t

— by James AG. REHN

1911. ' X 64.5, V

x | Los TA OO ede I

- E Lo RIX FR.335

En vente chez V. VERTENEUIL & L. DESMET, Imprimeurs-Éditeurs, 60-62, rue T'Kint, BRUXELLES

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. Direction scientifique : M. P. WYTSMAN, Zoologiste, Quatre-Bras, TERVUEREN (Belgique)

OR RELC'ETE"R A

FAM. MANTIDÆ

SUBFAM. VATINÆ

ORTHOPTERA

FAM. MANTIDÆ

SUBFAM. VATINÆ

JAMES A. G. REHN

WITH I COLORED PLATE

N HE Vatine is a heterogeneous group of Soothsayers or Mantids primerally characterized

WS by having the anterior tibiæ with the external margin spinulose, the internal margin of

the anterior femora with equal or biseriate spines, and the posterior tibiæ and femora

T more or less carinate(1). The subfamily comprises twenty-eight genera and one hundred

and three species, roughly divisable into six sections. Many of the species are very rare, in fact a number

of the genera are known only from unique specimens, while the proportion of genera with more than

four species are few, the only genera containing a considerable number of species being S/agmatoftera

and Vates.

Geographical distribution. — In distribution the Vatinæ cover the greater portion of the

Tropical and Subtropical regions of the earth. In the Neotropical region they range practically over its

entire area, extending north of it as far as Arizona and Texas, and extending south in it as far as the

northern portion of Argentina. In Africa the group ranges from Algeria to Cape Colony, and in the

Oriental region it ranges from the Himalayan subregion to Ceylon, while a single species has been

doubtfully recorded from Australia.

Systematic position. — It seems the closest relationship of the Vatinz is with the Creobotrinz,

a group almost co-extensive in distribution with the former, although of greater range in the Oriental

region. Certain of the American genera, however, show apparently decided tendencies toward the

(1) This latter character is not absolute, the male of Cardrostera being an exception. It is poorly indicated in several other genera

ORTHOPTERA

Mantine and the true position in a linear arrangement should be intermediate between the Mantinæ

and Creobotrinæ. No close relationship appears to exist to any of the other subfamilies of the Mantidæ.

Stal, in 1877, first established and defined this subfamily in the sense that we understand it

to-day,

although we

entirely new.

have found it necessary to recast the whole arrangement, the

while Brunner von Wattenwyl, in 1893, gave us a key for the differentiation of the genera,

table here given being

Characters. — Body robust, elongate or decidedly bacilliform. Eyes globose, acuminate or

mammilliform.

supracoxal dilation slightly or

Anterior tibiæ with external margin spinulose.

biseriate spines.

Occiput rounded or lobate.

Antenne simple,

decidedly marked.

serrate or

Posterior tibiæ always(1) and the posterior femora usually carinate dorsally.

pectinate.

Pronotum with

Organs of flight fully developed or abbreviate.

Anterior femora with internal margin with equal or

Cerci

terete, foliaceous lamellate or moniliform. Limbs frequently and abdomen more rarely lobate.

The Vatinz lends itself into a group division of six parts as follows :

CARDIOPTERÆ Cardioptera. \ Heterocheta.

| Oxyopsis. Pseudocheta.

\ Pseudoxyops. Severina.

Paroxyopsis. HETEROCHETE . Heterochetula.

SO ANN. ATE ( Parastagmatoptera. Er

STAGMATOPTERÆ

Lobocneme. | Euthyphleps.

| Leptococe. \ | Ethalochroa.

Stagmatoptera. \ Macrodanuria.

Heterovates. Danuria.

(| Zoolea. Porz . Danuriodes.

roses \ Vates. Popa.

/ Hagiotata. Danuriella.

Phyllovates. Phitrus.

PsEUDEMPUS.E Pseudempusa. JALLA. Falla,

Where minor genera groups appear to be present we have indicated them by secondary brackets.

The Cardiopteræ and Vatides are entirely Neogæan, the Pope and Jalle almost entirely African, one

species alone being Oriental, the Stagmatoptere chiefly Neotropical with but four African species

the first of which is

occurring outside that region, while the Heterochætæ falls into two sections,

African and the second Oriental.

KEY TO THE GENERA

1. Occiput never lobate. Eyes never mammilliform (acute ov sub-

acute in Oxvopsis and Pseudoxyops). Anterior coxae

not produced into a distinct lamellate expansion at the

distal extremity of the anterior margin.

2. Vertex smooth, without distinct faired processes. Wings

of female frequently flavo-tessellate. Tibiae never lobate.

3. Anterior femora with three discoidal spines. Median

(1) Except in male of Cardioptera.

FAM. MANTIDÆ 3

and posterior tibiae of the male terete, entire median

limbs of male strongly pilose . . . . . . . r. Genus CARDIOPTERA, Burmeister.

3.3. Anterior femora with four discoidal spines. Median

and posterior tibiae of both sexes more or less dis-

tinctly carinate, not strongly pilose.

4. Tegmina of female entively greenish or with stigma

maculate or ocellate. Femora not lobed (except im

Lobocneme). Head flattened anteriorly.

5. Eyes laterally acute or produced. Tegmina of

Female elongate, subequal. Ulnar vein of wing

simple or furcale, Antennae setaceous.

6. Eves produced with the apices acute or sub-

acuminate. Coslal field of tegmina broad, at

least two-fifths the entire width of tegmen,

with distinct oblique veins. Posterior femora

without apical lobe.

Eyes with apices acute. Costal field of female

tegmina with veins disposed more longitud-

inal than transverse. Ulnar vein of wing

furcate. Pronotum of female with margins

decidedly seyrate. . . 2 =» .

.7. Eyes subacuminate. Costal field of female

tegmina with veins disposed more trans-

2. Genus Oxyopsis, Caudell.

verse than longitudinal. Ulnar vein of

wing simple. Pronotum of female with

margins hardly serrate . . . . . 4. Genus PsEupoxyops, Saussure & Zehntner.

6.6. Eyes produced but with apices rounded,

Costal field of tegmina narrow, one-third

to one-fourth the entire width of tegmen,

dense-reticulate and with no oblique vetns.

Posterior femora with a small lobe at apex

of inferior carına. . . . . . . . 3. Genus Paroxyopsis, nov. gen.

5.5. Eyes votundate. Tegmina of female broad, ovate.

Ulnar vein of wing ramose. Antennae setac-

eous or serrulale.

6. Tegmina of female moderately broad; costal

margin subexcised at the apex (except in

Lobocneme). Antennae of male serrulate.

7. Supracoxal lobes of female pronotum slightly

or moderately dilated. Costal field of

female tegmina hardly or moderately

dilated. Median and posterior femora

without preapical lobes.

8. Costal field of female tegmina moderately

dilated, about one-third the entire teg-

minal width, narrowing in distal half.

ORTHOPTERA

Pronotum distinctly shorter than the

Tepic bis RE RSR NE 5. Genus PARASTAGMATOPTERA, Saussure.

8.8. Costal field of female tegmina hardly

dilated, not move than one-fourth the

entire tegminal width, hardly narrow-

ing distally. Pronotum (of female)

subequal to the tegmina in length. . 7. Genus LEPTOCOCE, nov. gen.

7.7. Supracoxal lobes of female pronotum

strongly dilated. Costal field of female

tegmina strongly dilated, about two-

fifths the entire tegminal width, nar-

vowed only in apical third. Median and

posterior femora each with a rounded

preapical lobe on the posterior ventral

CAVING 2. os 5 se v m sO, Gents opocneme pov cen:

6.6. Tegmina of female cordiform, very broad

with costal margin considerably dilated, or

elliptical. Antennae of male setaceous . . 8. Genus STAGMATOPTERA, Burmeister.

4.4. Tegmina of female fusco-maculate. Median and

‚posterior femora lobed. Head anteriorly excavate. 9. Genus HETEROVATES, Saussure.

2.2. Vertex above ocelli bilobulate ov bicornate. Antennae of

male more ov less serrate ov pinnate. Tegmina

Frequently fusco-maculate. Wings of female never

flavo-tessellate, frequently fusco-purpurescent. Median

and posterior tibiae strongly carinale or foliate.

3. Limbslobate ; anterior femora with an apical dorsal lobe.

Abdomen of female lobate. Antennae of male setaceous,

serrulate. Tegmina subacuminate ; costal field of

female NATION UO Genus ZoorEAnSemlle:

3.3. Anterior femora not lobate. Antennae of male heavier,

serrate.

4. Limbs not lobate, distinctly multi-carinate.

5. Tegmina of female with apex acuminate; costal

field parallel or dilated toward apex, where it

is more ov less strongly excised or at least nar-

vowed. Tegmina green, fusco-maculate. Prono-

tum elongate, rather smooth or little granulate.

Abdomen not lobate. Posterior tibiae curved.

Antennae of male internally serrate, submonili-

form. LE SP Denn. ar NT GentsebpvirmovAwE c ani

5.5. Tegmina of female fulvo-griseous, maculose;

apex attenuate, rounded ; costal field very nar-

row, toward apex gradually attenuate, not

excised, Pronotum elongate, considerably gra-

nulate. Abdomen lobate. (Male unknown.) . 12. Genus Hacrorara, Saussure & Zehntner.

4.4. Median and posterior limbs lobate. (Female abdo- 3

FAM. MANTIDÆ 5

men lubate or entire. Antennae of male pectinate

internally. Tegmina of female rotundate at the

apex ; costal field subparallel, apex more or less

excised.).

1.1. Occiput with one or more pairs of lobes or lobules, ov where

these ave lacking the eyes are mammilliform, or the

anterior coxae have the distal portion of anterior margin

developed into a lamellate expansion, or the wing has a

large ocelliform spot (Pseudempusa).

2. Pronoium elongate, at least three times as long as greatest

width. (Limbs with or without lobes. Occiput with or

without postocular tubercles.) :

3. Wings with large ocelliform spot. Supracoxal dilation

large, triangularly produced. (Limbs not lobate ; occi-

put sublruncate, not lobate; cerci terete.)

3.3. Wings without ocelliform spot. Supracoxal dilation

slightly or roundly produced (except in Popa where

it ts triangularly produced).

4. Cerci lamellate, foliaceous.

5. Occiput not lobate.

6. Posterior and median limbs lobate

13. Genus VATES, Burmeister.

2. Genus PseupEempusa, Brunner von Wat-

[tenwyl.

\ I4. Genus HETEROCHETAa, Westwood.

! 15. Genus PsEUDOCHETA, Kirby.

6.6. Posterior and median limbs not lobate.

(Anterior coxae not expanded before the

UC M MEME

5.5. Occiput lobate.

6. Posterior and median limbs not lobate or spinu-

loso-carinate .

6.6. Posterior and median limbs lobate or spinu-

loso-carinale.

7. External margin of anterior femora with five

spines. (Head slightly broader than the

pronotum at the supracoxal dilation; ocellar

eminence subquadrate; apex of cerct shal-

lowly bifid; posterior and median limbs

very short, genicular spines absent.)

7.7. External margin of anterior femora with

six spines.

8. Posterior limbs long and slender, with

curved aciculate gentcular spines. First

to seventh ventral abdominal segments

produced posteriorly into delicate fila-

mentous median processes. Organs of

flight extending nearly to the apex of

the abdomen, Apex of cerct shallowly

bind

16. Genus SEVERINIA, Finot.

17. Genus HETEROCH.£TULA, Wood-Mason.

18. Genus PARADANURIA, Wood-Mason.

19. Genus EurHyPHLers, Wood-Mason.

6 ORTHOPTERA

8.8. Posterior limbs short, with short sub-

mucronate geniculay lobes. Second to

sixth ventral abdominal segments

carinate. Organs of flight hardly

extending beyond the fifth abdominal

segment. Apex of cerci rotundate . .

1.4. Cerct tevete-moniliform or fusiform.

5. Occiput more or less distinclly bi- or quadri-lobate.

6. Anterior coxae with lamellate dilation at distal

extremity of anterior margin.

7. Body very elongate, smooth or granulose.

Lateral pair of occipital tubercles distinctly

surpassing the others (when these are

present) in size. Limbs elongate, very

slender. Postertor limbs not lobed.

S. Form extremely elongate. Supra-ocular

auriculiform lobes very low. Median

tibiae lobate. (Cerci fusiform.) . . .

8.8. Form not extremely elongate. Supra-

ocular auriculiform lobes high, acute.

Median tibiae not lobate.

o. Median femora not lobate, rarely with

several apical spines on the ventral

surface. Anterior coxae with distal

lamellate portion longer, less elevated.

Secondary tubercles on vertex weaker.

9.9. Median femora lobate. Anterior coxae

with distal lamellate portion short-

er, more elevated. Secondary tuber-

cles on vertex more pronounced .

7.7. Body moderately long, rugose. Head with

occipital tubercles subequal in size. Limbs

moderately robust. Posterior limbs (of

female) lobed. Dorsum of the anterior

femora bearing before the apex an acute

lobe . . : . . . . . . . .

6.6. Anterior coxae without distal lamellate dil-

ation, (Body little elongate, vugose. Anterior

femora with their superior border termin-

aling in a tooth. Median and posterior

limbs lobate. Supra-anal plate short.)

5.5. Occiput nol lobate. (Median and posterior femora

with a preapical lobe.) . . . . .

2.2. Pronotum very short, ovate, little longer than broad.

(Limbs carinate, pilose, not lobate; occiput with

juata-ocular processes.) . . . . .

20. Genus /ETHALOCHROA, Wood-Mason.

22. Genus MACRODANURIA, Sjöstedt.

23. Genus Danuria, Stal.

24. Genus DANURIODES, Giglio- Tos.

25. Genus Popa, Stal.

26. Genus DANURIELLA, Westwood.

27. Genus Purrnus, Karsch.

28. Genus JALra, Giglio- Tos.

HAM. MANTIDZE 7

I. GENUS CARDIOPTERA, BURMEISTER

Cardioptera. Burmeister, Handb. Ent. Bd. 2, Abth. 2, Pt. 1, p. 540 (1835).

Characters. — Form with long almost entirely hyaline tegmina and wings in the male, female

with short chiefly opaque tegmina and wings. Vertex hardly arcuate and not distinctly elevated above

the eyes; ocelli of the male large, placed close together in a triangle, of the female less conspicuous ;

facial shield strongly transverse, obtuse-angulate dorsally ; eyes moderately prominent; antenne of the

male serrate, of the female simple. Pronotum of the male with the shaft slender in the middle, widen-

ing anteriorly and posteriorly, collar rather heavy, the supracoxal dilation but little wider than the

collar, margins of the collar with obsolete dentiform tubercles, no median carina present; of the female

short with the posterior portion narrowed, the collar and supracoxal dilation broad, lateral margins

with rather strong teeth. Tegmina of the male elongate, reaching bevond the apex of the abdomen,

subequal, apex rather narrowly rounded, hyaline except for an infuscate area along the principal veins;

of the female short, ovate, no longer than the abdomen, opaque, principal veins placed nearly in the

middle of the tegmen. Wings of the male ample, hyaline except for a narrow costal section ; of the

female slightly shorter than the tegmina, with the transverse nervures banded with color. Abdomen

slender, subfusiform in the male, obese, broad and ovate in the female; subgenital plate of the male

trigonal. Anterior limbs moderately robust, the coxæ with the margins furnished with curved claw-like

spines, the internal faces provided with numerous low callosities; femora with three discoidal spines,

the lateral face with six spines, internal face with fifteen spines; tibiæ (without apical claw) about half

the femoral length. Median and posterior limbs slender and simple aside from a small triangular lobe

placed immediately before the apex of the posterior femora on the interno-ventral margin; tibiæ of the

male terete, the median and posterior limbs of the same sex strongly pilose.

Geographical distribution of species. — A single species is known from the Neotropical

region.

1. C. brachyptera, Burmeister, Handb. Ent. Bd. 2, Abth. 2, Pt. r, p. 541 Brazil, Guiana.

(1838) (Mantis). — Plate, Fig. |.

Mantis sublobata, Serville, Hist. Nat. Ins. Orth. p. 180 (1839); Charpen-

tier, Orth. Descr. et Depicta, t. 37 (1845).

Mantis pilipes, Serville, Hist. Nat. Ins. Orth. p. 192 (1839). (Based on ©

2. GENUS OXYOPSIS, CAUDELL

Oxyops. Saussure, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. Vol. 3, pp. 56, 66 (1869) (not of Schónherr, 1826).

Oxyopsis. Caudell, Journ. New York Ent. Soc. Vol. 12, p. 184 (1904).

Characters. — Form with elongate almost entirely hyaline tegmina and wings in the male;

females with moderately short tegmina, wings hyaline irregularly barred with color. Head trigonal, the

eyes angulate or produced laterally; vertex hardly elevated above the eyes and usually straight; ocelli

of the male large and placed in a subequal triangle, of the female small and placed in a depressed

triangle; facial shield strongly transverse, the dorsal margin with a median truncate section; antennæ

of the male subserrate, of the female simple. Pronotum with the shaft elongate, supracoxal dilation

moderately prominent, collar moderatelv tapering; anterior margin rounded, lateral margins serrate-or

8 ORTHOPTERA

unarmed in the male, spined in the female, median carina present more or less distinctly. Tegmina of

the male elongate, hyaline except for the costal field which is opaque, the apex acute or rounded,

stigma not indicated; of the female hardly exceeding the abdomen, broad, opaque except for the

presence of small hyaline areola between the veins of the anal and a variable portion of the discoidal

fields, costal field nearly a half the width of the tegmen, apex acute or obtusely rounded, stigma present,

longitudinal. Wings of the male hyaline, extending some distance beyond the tegmina, opaque on or

near the margins at the apex; wings of the female projecting beyond the tegmina, the exposed area being

either rounded, obtuse-angulate and broader than long or acute angulate and longer than broad, the

exposed apex opaque, the remainder hyaline fasciculate with color. Abdomen of the male elongate,

of the female broad, depressed. Limbs of both sexes slender; anterior coxæ armed on the ventral margin

with low spines of two sizes in the female, of one size in the male; anterior femora armed with four

discoidal spines, the lateral face with four spines, the internal face with fourteen to sixteen spines of

two sizes; anterior tibiæ (without apical claw) slightly less than half the femoral length. Median and

posterior limbs slender and simple; tibiae multicarinate.

Type of the genus : O. vubicunda (Stoll).

Geographical distribution of species.— Hight species are known from the Neotropical region.

1. ©. rubicunda (Stoll), Natuur. Afbeeld. Beschr. Spooken en Wandel. Blad. British Guiana, Surinam,

PP 5755) 70n pl. 25, ocre) Maas. Cayenne, Brazil, Ecua-

rubicunda, Saussure, Mém. Hist. Nat. Mex. Mant. Amer. p. 87, pl. 1, f. 6 dor, northern Argentina.

(1871) (Stagmatoptera diluta S not 2); Westwood, Revis. Ins. Fam.

Mant. p. 15, pl. 6, f. 3 (9) (1889).

. O. dubiosa (Giglio-Tos), Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Torino, Vol. 13, Valley of Santiago, Ecua-

TOS D TOO): dor.

3. O. acutipennis (Stal), Bihang Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. Vol.

ie ie IS):

ZL, lo), WO, AE

4. O. media (Stal), ibidem, p. 71 (1877). Sao Paulo, Brazil.

5. O. obtusa (Stal), ibidem, p. 72 5 a. 3razil.

6. O. lobetey, Rehn, Proc: Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. 1907, P.159,1. 3, 4 (2007 Sapucay, Paraguay.

Plate rie

7. O. borellii (Giglio-Tos), Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Torino, Vol. 12, Northern Argentina and

NO 302 PT Te) southern Bolivia.

Brancsik), Jahresh. Naturw. Ver. Trencsén, Vol. 19-20, Asuncion, Paraguay.

S2 OF pil ce si

MIO (1898).

p. GAME

3. GENUS PAROXYOPSIS, NOV. GEN.

Characters. — General form and structure much as in Oxyopsis. Eyes produced, but with the

apices rounded. Tegmina with the costal field narrow, one-third to one-fourth the total width of the

tegmen and densely reticulate with no oblique veins; stigma transverse. Posterior femora with a small

lobe at the apex of the inferior carina.

Geographical distribution of species. — A single species is at present known to belong to

this genus, occurring in the Neotropical region.

1. P. icterica (Saussure & Zehntner), Biol. Centr.-Amer. Orth. Vol. 1, South America : Urucum,

p. 191 (1894). Matto Grosso, Brazil.

icterica, Giglio-Tos, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Torino, Vol. 15,

no. 377, p. 2 (1900).

FAN. MANTIDZ:

4. GENUS PSEUDOXYOPS, SAUSSURE & ZEHNTNER

Pseudoxyops. Saussure & Zehntner, Biol. Centr.-Amer. Orth. Vol. 1, p. 185, pl. rr, f. 8 (1894).

Characters (1). — Eyes almost subacuminate; face flattened. Pronotum elongate, slender,

little dilated above the coxæ, the margins hardly serrate. Tegmina oval, very obtuse, ampliate for two-

thirds the distance from the base, opaque; costal field occupying half the whole width, costal veins very

distinct and disposed more transverse than longitudinal, stigma linear. Wings pellucid, fasciculate with

yellow; apex subangulate; ulnar vein undivided. Anterior femora with four external spines.

Geographical distribution of species. — A single species from Tropical America is known,

1. P. perpulchra (Westwood), Revis. Ins. Fam. Mant. p. 36, pl. 11, f. 8 Ega, Amazonas, Brazil.

(1889) (Stagmatoptera).

perpulchra, Saussure & Zehntner, Biol. Centr.-Amer. Orth. Vol. 1, p. 185

(1894).

5. GENUS PARASTAGMATOPTERA, SAUSSURE

Parastagmatoptera. Saussure, Mém. Hist. Nat. Mexique, Mant. Amer. p. 83 (1871).

Characters. — Form with long tegmina, hyaline with the costal margin frequently opaque in

the male, wings hyaline in the same sex; female with moderately long opaque tegmina frequently

having scattered hyaline areas and with barred or tessellate wings. Antenne, margins of tegmina and

wings and feet occasionally pilulose (in male of P. ciliata). Vertex truncate, entirely or in the juxta-

ocular portions more or less elevated above the eyes; ocelli of the male very large, approximate, placed

in a triangle, of the female smaller, disposed in an arcuate line; facial shield transverse, obtuse-angulate

dorsally with the angle truncate; eyes moderately prominent, convex; antennæ of male serrate more or

less distinctly, subpectinate in serricornis, of female setaceous. Pronotum distinctly shorter than the teg-

mina in both sexes, in the male slender, subcarinate, the margins hardly (vifrepennis) or distinctly (ciliata)

denticulate for the entire length, the supracoxal dilation slight; in the female more robust, not ( //avo-

guttata) or but slightly (serricornis) carinate, the margins distinctly denticulate for their entire length, the

supracoxal dilation distinct, but not strongly developed. Tegmina longer than the abdomen in both

sexes, in the male elongate, vitreous, costal field coriaceous, dilated basally, the greatest width about

a fourth the total width of the tegmen, the principal veins colored in contrast to the coriaceous costal

field (serricornis), apex rounded subangulate; in the female broader than in the male and more ovate,

coriaceous, frequently with a number of hyaline areas in the discoidal and sutural sections, costal field

about a third the total width of the tegmen, narrowing in the apical half, the apex bluntly angulate,

stigma present, but variable in shape. Wings barred or tessellate in the female, hyaline in the male, the

costal margin frequently opaque in the female; discoidal vein ramose in the two sexes. Limbs slender.

Anterior coxe rather sparsely denticulate or spinoso-granulate on the superior margin (these piligerous

in ciliata), blackish area of internal face variable in position and size; anterior femora with four discoidal

spines, the external margin with four spines, internal margin with alternating large and small spines,

internal face with various types of coloration. Median and posterior limbs simple, without lobes. First

(1) The female sex alone is known

10 ORTHOPTERA

joint of the tarsi quite long. Abdomen subequal, attenuate in the male, fusiform, depressed in the

female; cerci of male distinctly articulate, composed of numerous segments; supra-anal plate of both

sexes transverse.

Type of the genus: P. /lavoguttata, Saussure (not of Serville) = serricornis, Kirby.

Geographical distribution of species. — Six species from the Neotropical region are known

to belong to this genus.

1. P. flavoguttata (Serville), Hist. Nat. Ins. Orth. p. 183 (1839) (Mantis). Cayenne.

2. P. serricorms, Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 1, p. 298 (1904). — Plate, Brazil, Santarem.

Stagmatoptera flavoguttata, Saussure. Mém. Hist. Nat. Mex. Mant. Amer.

p. 84. pl. 1, f. 5 (1871) (not of Serville).

P. flavoguttata, Westwood, Revis. Ins. Fam. Mant. p. 16, pl. 6, f. 1 (1889)

(not of Serville).

3. P. unipunctata (Burmeister), Handb. Ent. Bd. 2, Abth. 2, Pt. 1, p. 540 Brazil, Buenos Ayres.

(1838) (Mantis); Berl. Ent. Zeitschr. Vol. 8, p. 238 (1864) (Mantis).

4. P. tessellata. Saussure & Zehntner, Biol. Centr.-Amer. Orth. Vol. r, Cayenne, British Guiana.

p. 188 (1894).

5. P. ciliata (Stal), K. Svenska Freg. Eugen. Resa, Ins. p. 313 (1860) Rio Janeiro.

(Mantis).

6. P. vitrepenmis, Bruner, Journ. New York Ent. Soc. Vol. 14. p. 144 (1906). Trinidad.

7. P. (?) simulacrum (Fabricius), Ent. Syst. Vol. 2, p. 21 (1793) (Mantis). America.

3. P. (?) diluta (Stoll). Natuur. Afbeeld. Beschr. Spooken en Wandel. Blad, Surinam.

p. 66, pl. 22, f. 83 (1813) (Mantis).

6. GENUS LOBOCNEME™), NOV. GEN.

Parastagmatoptera. Redtenbacher, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 206 (1892).

Characters. — Form of female moderately robust. Vertex truncate, slightly elevated above the

eyes; fascial shield transverse, the dorsal margin arcuate; ocelli of moderate size. placed in an arcuate

line (Q); eyes mammiform-rotundate (© ), moderately prominent; antenne serrate (cj) or setaceous(Q ).

Pronotum moderately slender, the supracoxal dilation quite marked ( Q). disk subtuberculate, hardly

carinate, lateral margins distinctly denticulate, the shaft as a whole distinctly narrower than the collar.

Tegmina of male elongate hyaline, with costal field dilated basally, opaque coriaceous; of female

broad, ovate, opaque coriaceous, the marginal field very broad, in the middle two-fifths of the entire

width of the tegmen, narrowed in the apical third by the moderately oblique and rounded excision

of this area; stigma longitudinal, whitish, sometimes with a contiguous small fuscous spot. Wings

vitreous (cf) or flavo-tessellate (Q); discoidal vein with two distal rami (Q). Anterior limbs robust;

anterior coxæ considerably dilated at the apical extremity of the internal face, margin denticulate, the

apical extremity with a large blackish spot; anterior femora quite broad, with four discoidal spines,

external margin with four spines, internal margin with alternating large and small spines. Median and

posterior femora of both sexes with a decided rounded lobe on the apical portion of the posterior ventral

caring, the lobes and the genicular portions of the femora and tibiæ infuscate.

Geographical distributon of species. — \ single species from the West Indian subregion

is known.

1) Derived from roßns lobe and yt, VER.

FAM. MANTIDÆ II

I. L. lobipes (Redtenbacher), Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 206, pl. 15, f. 8a-b St. Vincent. Grenada.

(1892) (Parastagmatoptera).

lobifes, Brunner von Wattenw yl, ibidem, p. 605, pl. 52, f. 4 (1803) ( Para-

stagmatoptera).

7. GENUS LEPTOCOCE", NOV. GEN.

Characters. — l’emale sex alone known. Form rather slender. Head broader than deep; ocelli

small, placed in a strongly arcuate line; facial shield strongly transverse; eyes prominent; face sub-

concave; antennæ setaceous. Pronotum elongate, nearly twice as long as the anterior coxæ and subequal

to the tegmina in length, shaft subequal in width, ampliation hardly marked, collar slight broader

than the shaft, margins of the cephalic half denticulate, the denticulations becoming obsolete poster-

iorly, median carina distinct. Tegmina moderately coriaceous opaque, subrectangulate-elliptical, apex

broadly rounded, margins subparallel, costal field narrow, its greatest width not more than a fourth

the entire tegminal width, very slightly wider proximally than toward the apex; stigma distinct, rotun-

date. Wings nearly as broad as long, the humeral field hardly projecting beyond the axillary one, apex

rounded rectangulate, the humeral field and basal portion of the axillary field opaque yellow, the

remainder of the axillary field flavo-tessellate ; discoidal vein uniramose. Anterior limbs rather robust;

coxæ armed on the anterior margin with a series of alternating large and small teeth, the larger of which

are subfalcate, posterior surface with numerous adpressed spiniform asperities; femora with four

discoidal spines and armed on the external margin with four spines, the internal margin with alter-

nating large and small spines; metatarsi of cephalic limbs elongate. Median limbs much shorter than the

posterior pair.

Geographical distribution of species. — A single species is known from the Neotropical

region.

1. L. thoracica, nov. sp. (2). Venezuela.

8. GENUS STAGMATOPTERA, BURMEISTER

Stagmatoptera. Burmeister, Handb. Ent. Bd. 2, Abth. 2, Pt. 1, p. 537 (1838).

Characters. — Head trigonal, as broad as high or somewhat broader than high; vertex

truncato-transverse, subcompressed; eyes prominent, rounded or rotundato-angulate; facial shield

broader than high, dorsal margin obtuse-angulate with the immediate angle rounded; antennæ setaceous

in both sexes. Pronotum moderately or considerably elongate; dilation distinctly present but of variable

prominence and well rounded or subobtuse- angulate; collar with ampliation ovoid; shaft trigonal in

section, margins regularly constricted in the median portion or subequal; median carina distinct o:

hardly present; lateral margins finely. or strongly and coarsely spined in the female, unarmed or with

fine teeth in the male. Tegmina of male narrow, elongate, longer than the abdomen, ovular or with

(1) Derived Irom hent06 narrow and all, edge.

(2) Leptococe thoracica. nov. gen. and sp.

Type : 9 ; Culata, Venezuela, 2000 meters elevation. (Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad.)

Head with greatest width nearly twice that of pronotum; eyes slightly directed anteriorly: vertex distinctly concave. Median and posterior

femora much stronger carinate than the tibiæ. General color of head, pronotum, abdomen and limbs dull buff, washed with sulphur yellow around the

mouth and very slightly so on the anterior limbs; eyes mars brown; median and posterior limbs clouded with russet. Tegmina very pale apple green,

stigma seal brown surrounded by a narrow isabelline annulus. Wings canary yellow, toward the periphery of the posterior fleld broken into tessellations

with hyaline interstices. Spi es of the anterior femora and tibiæ tipped with black. Length of pronotum ro 5 mm.; greatest width of pronotum 4; length

of tegmen 20.5; greatest width of tezmen 7; length of anterior femur r3.

The tvpe is the only specimen seen.

12 OREO ee RwA

subparallel margins, apex rotundate; costal field and region of principal veins opaque, coriaceous,

posteriorly hyaline; stigma present or rarely (in Ayaloptera) absent; ocellar spot obliterate or indicated

by several disconnected maculations; tegmina of female elongate-ovate or ovate; anterior margin gently

arcuate, with the distal third strongly arcuate or obliquely subtruncate; apex broadly rounded, acute,

attenuate or very blunt; costal field coriaceous, broad, from a third to two-fifths the total width of the

tegmen and densely areolate, discoidal field semi-membraneous or coriaceous with membraneous points;

stigma usually present, white or concolorous, linear or pyriform, obliquely transverse or longitudinal,

in close proximity to the principal veins or placed a distance posterior to the same; ocellar spot present

or absent, where present marked and usually of considerable size, the stigma forming a portion of the

periphery; discoidal sectors from six to eight in number; marginal field with the veins moderately

distinct and regularly oblique or rarely almost lost in the reticulations (#wsatiabilis); anal area hyaline,

usually ornamented with opaque nervure bands or punctate with opaque color. Wings of male hyaline

with anterior border and apex slightly opaque; discoidal vein with two or three rami; axillary and

humeral fields frequently with more or less distinct rudimentary transverse opaque bars on the

cross veins; wings of female large and broad, hyaline with the costal margin and extremity opaque, the

remainder with a conspicuous pattern of opaque yellowish bars on the cross veins; humeral field very

broad; discoidal vein with two rami; apex rounded or subacuminate (grandidieri). Anterior limbs of

male moderately robust; coxe unarmed or denticulate on the margins; femora with the internal face

plain or with median spot : anterior limbs of female quite robust; coxæ with both margins equally

denticulate or with the posterior very finely spinulose when compared with the anterior; femora with

four discoidal spines and strong marginal spines, internal face unmarked or ornamented with a single

large spot or a series of varicolored maculations and striæ; tibiz with ten to thirteen spines on the

external margin and twelve to sixteen on the internal. Abdomen of male slender, of female broad and

depressed; supra-anal plate of male trigonal, subgenital plate ample, produced; supra-anal plate of

female transverse, trigonal, broadly rounded or very slightly and shallowly emarginate ( femoralis).

Type of the genus (1) : S. predicatoria, Saussure.

Geographical distribution of species. — Twenty-one species of the genus are known; one

West African, three from Madagascar and the remainder from the Neotropical region, ranging from

Nicaragua to Argentina.

1. S. biocellata, Saussure, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. Vol. 3, p. 67 (1869). Brazil.

2. S. supplicaria, Burmeister, Handb. Ent. Bd. 2, Abth. 2, Pt. 1, p. 542 Guiana, Surinam, Brazil.

(1838) (Mantis). — Plate, Fig. 5.

supplicaria, Saussure, Mém. Hist. Nat. Mex. Mant. Amer. p. 94, pl. 1,

f. 12 (1877).

precaria, Lichtenstein, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. Vol. 6, p. 26 (1802

(Mantis) (not of Linnæus. 1758); Stoll, Natuur. Afbeeld. Beschr.

Spooken en Wandel. Blad. pp. 51, 78, pl. 17, f. 62 (1813) (Mantis)

(not of Linnæus, 1758).

flavipennis, Serville, Hist. Nat. Ins. Orth. p. 182 (1839) (Mantis).

3. S. hyaloptera (Perty), Delect. Anim. Artic. p. 117, pl. 23, f. 6 (1830- Guiana, Cayenne, Amazon

1834) (Mantis). River.

hyaloptera, Saussure, Mem. Hist. Nat. Mex. Mant. Amer. p. 95, pl. 1,

f. 12: (1877).

S. luna (Serville), Hist. Nat. Ins. Orth. p. 183 (1839) (Mantis). Cordoba, Argentina.

S. predicatoria, Saussure, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. Vol. 3, p. 232 Brazil, eastern Peru.

(1870); Mém. Hist. Nat. Mex. Mant. Amér. p. 92, pl.1, f. 10 (1871).

6. S. binotata, Scudder, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. Vol. 12, p. 341(1869). Eastern Peru.

(1) As selected by Rehn, Proc. U. S. Nat. Aus. Vol. 27, p. 571 (February, 1904).

KAM, ANT AN TTD AE 13

7. S. septentrionalis, Saussure & Zehntner, Biol. Centr.- Amer. Orth. Vol. i, Panama.

Dir86 pl. 8, 1.2 (1894).

8. S. minor, Saussure & Zehntner, ibidem, p. 187 (1894). Colombia, Venezuela.

9. S. pia, Saussure & Zehntner, ibidem, p. 187 (1894). Brazil.

10. S. precaria (Linnzus), Syst. Nat. (ed. 10), Vol. 1, p. 426 (1758) (Gryllus Colombia, Guiana, Brazil,

| Mantis]). Argentina.

precaria, Palisot de Beauvois, Ins. Rec. Afriq. et Amer. p. 61, Orth. pl. 12,

f. 1 (1805) (Mantis); Brunner von Wattenwyl, Observ. Color. Ins. p. 3,

pl. 2, ff. 22a, b (1897).

octosetosa, Goeze, Ent. Beytr. Vol. 2, p. 35 (1778) (Mantis).

cubitata, Goeze, ibidem, p. 34 (1778) (Mantis).

obsecraria, Lichtenstein, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. Vol. 6, p. 28 (1802)

(Mantis).

ocellata, Olivier, Encycl. Méth. Ins. Vol. 7, p. 639 (1792) ( Mantis).

annulata, Stol, Natuur. Afbeeld. Beschr. Spooken en Wandel. Blad.

pp. 55, 78, pl. 18, f. 66 (1813) (Mantis); Saussure, Mém. Hist. Nat.

Mex. Mant. Amér. p. 91, pl. 1, f. 9 (1871).

rogatoria, Stoll, Natuur. Afbeeld. Beschr. Spooken en Wandel. Blad.

pp. 73, 79, pl. 25, f. 95 (1813) (Mautis).

rr. S. femoralis, Saussure & Zehntner, Biol. Centr.-Amer. Orth. Vol. i, Surinam, Cayenne, British

p. 1&7 (1894). Guiana.

. indicator (Olivier), Encycl. Méth. Ins. Vol. 7. p. 641 (1792) (Mantis). Surinam.

bodegetica, Lichtenstein, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. Vol. 6, p. 26 (1802)

(Mantis).

sancta, Stoll, Natuur. Afbeeld. Beschr. Spooken en Wandel. Blad.

pp. 52, 78, pl. 17, f. 63 (1813) (Mantis) (not of Fabricius, 1787).

13. S. pagana, Saussure, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. Vol. 3, p. 232 (1870). Bogota, Colombia.

I4 Scossaus, Biirmeister, Handb. Ent Bd. 2, Abth. 2, Pt. 1, p 532 Brazil.

(1838) (Mantis).

12.

25. Ss zısatabilis, Relin, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 27, p. 572 (1904). Costa Rica.

16. S. typhon, Rehn, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 36, p. 107 (1904). Nicaragua.

17. S. abdominalis (Olivier), Encycl. Méth. Ins.Vol.7, p.640 (1792) (Mantis). Surinam.

birivia, Stoll, Natuur. Afbeeld. Beschr. Spooken en Wandel. Blad.

pp. 28, 77, pl. 9, f. 31 (1813) (Mantis).

urbana, Lichtenstein. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. Vol. 6, p. 27 (1802)

(Mantis).

18. S. vitripennis, Bolivar, Mem. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 1, p. 471 (1908). Cameroon, West Africa.

19. S. freyi (Brancsik), Jahresh. Ver. Trencsin Com. Vol. 15-16, p. 177, Nossi Be Island, Madagas-

pl. 9, ff. r-ra (1893) (Hierodula | Sphodromantis|). car.

freyi, Saussure & Zehntner, in Grandidier, Hist. Phys. Nat. et Pol. Mada-

gascar, Orth. Vol. 1, p. 224, pl. 6, ff. 1, 2 (1895).

20. S. acutipennis (Westwood), Revis. Ins. Fam. Mant. p. 34, pl. 1, f. 8 Madagascar.

(1889) ( Hierodula).

acutipennis, Saussure & Zehntner, in Grandidier, Hist. Phys. Nat. et Pol.

Madagascar, Orth. Vol. 1, p. 228, pl. 7, f. 5 (1895).

21. S. grandidieri, Saussure & Zehntner, ibidem, p. 226, pl. 7, ff. 3, 4(1895). Madagascar.

9. GENUS HETEROVATES, SAUSSURE

Heterovates, Saussure, Mélang. Orth. Pt. 4, pp. 84, 85, pl. 9, f. 32 (1872).

Characters (1). — Head small, not broad; facial scutellum transverse, front smooth, concave,

sulcate, vertex compressed ; eyes inflated anteriorly ; ocelli very large; antennæ short, filiform. Prono-

(1) The male sex is unknown.

I4 ORTHOPTERA

tum elongate, slightly carinate, the supracoxal dilation short, the collar subequal and rounded anteri-

orly, margins coarsely dentate; region of the dilation with two large tubercles, the base of the collar

also with two smaller ones. Tegmina ovate-lanceolate, reaching or surpassing the apex of the abdomen,

semi-opaque, the costal margin considerably arcuate, costal field opaque. Wings hyaline, fasciate with

yellow, anterior border straight; discoidal vein simple or furcate. Anterior limbs very long and slender,

femora slightly arcuate. Median and posterior limbs short, not compressed: femora bearing a small

foliaceous lobe at the extremity; tibiæ multicarinate, the carinæ ornamented with fine depressed hairs.

Abdomen fusiform, the supra-anal plate short, cerci cylindrical.

Geographical distribution of species. — A single species is known from the Brazilian

subregion.

1. H. pardalina, Saussure, Mélang. Orth. Pt. 4, p. 85, pl. g, f. 32 (1872). Brazil.

10. GENUS ZOOLEA, SERVILLE

Zoolea, Serville, Hist. Nat. Ins. Orth. p. 154 (1839).

Characters. — Form elongate. slender (much resembling members of the subfamily Empusinae).

Head with the vertex subtruncate, distinctly elevated above the eyes, juxta-ocular sulci very deep and

sharply delimiting the eyes from the frontal processes; facial shield as high as broad, the dorsal margin

subrectangulate; frontal processes elongate, lanceolate, longer than the head is broad, contiguous, the

apices acute, the margins undulate; antennz elongate, slender, of male serrulate on the internal side,

of female setaceous; eyes rounded, directed anteriorly. Pronotum elongate, the shaft slender, subequal

and over two-thirds the entire pronotal length, trigonal in section; ampliation short and decided with

the outline rounded, the anterior extremity being trilobate in consequence ; margins uniformly serrulate.

Tegmina subacuminate, moderately opaque. subcoriaceous, costal field of the female narrow, the

greatest width not more than a fourth the total tegminal width, gradually narrowing to the apex, not

distinctly excised. Wings of female hyaline except at the apex, which is partially coriaceous-opaque;

the humeral field considerably surpassing the axillary field; discoidal vein ramose. Abdomen bearing

median foliaceous lobes on the venter of the distal segments and supplied (in lobipes) at the angles

of the same segments with smaller but similar appendages. Limbs strongly lobate; anterior femora

with a distinct acute preapical lobe on the dorsal margin, discoidal spines four in number, external

margin of femora armed with four spines; the median and posterior limbs with strongly developed

lobes, the femora with the margins with from one to three marked lobes, the tibiæ with a pair of

premedian more or less angulate lobes. Tarsi elongate, the first joint longer than the others together.

Type of the genus : Z. lobipes (Olivier).

Geographical distribution of species. — Two species are known from the Neotropical region.

1. Z. lobipes (Olivier), Encycl. Méth. Ins. Vol. 7, p. 637 (1792) (Mantis). — Brazil, Guiana, Peru.

Plate, Fig. 4.

lobipes, Guérin, Icon. Règne Anim. Vol. 3, p 327, pl. 52, f. 5 (1829-44)

(Emfusa).

macroptera, Stoll, Natuur. Afbeeld. Beschr. Spooken en Wandel. Blad.

p. 26, pl. 8, f. 3o (1813) (Mantis); Charpentier, Orth. Descr. Depicta,

pls. 25, 26 (1841-45) (Vates).

orbus, Burmeister, Handb. Ent. Bd. 2, Abth. 2, Pt. 1, p. 544 (1838) (Vates).

2. Z. multilobata, Chopard, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr., 1910, p. 182. French Guiana.

FAM. MAN TIDAL 15

Il. GENUS PHYLLOVATES, KIRBY

Theoclytes, Saussure, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. Vol. 3, pp. 53, 60 (1869) (not of Serville, 1839).

Phyllovates. Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 1, p. 302 (1904).

Characters. — l’orm of male elongate, slender, of female elongate but with the posterior part

of the body robust. Head trigonal; occiput subtruncate, slightly elevated above the eyes; juxta-ocular

sulci distinct, front bicornate or bituberculate; ocelh placed in a triangle; facial shield transverse,

dorsal margin more or less obtuse-angulate, the apex slightly produced; eyes large, rounded ; antennæ

of male serrate or subpectinate on the internal margin, of female simple. Pronotum elongate, slender,

straight, the anterior fourth but little dilated, the shaft subequal in width; supracoxal dilation gradual,

regularly convergent anteriorly and posteriorly, the anterior margin of the pronotum broadly rounded ;

median carina strongly marked on the shaft, represented by à sulcus on the collar; margins dentate or

denticulate, occasionally strongly dentate (spinzcollis) and often with intercalated denticulations, the

points most numerous on or anterior to the ampliation. Tegmina of male elongate, membranaceous,

vitreous, greatly exceeding the apex of the abdomen, more or less fusco-maculate with the costal field

opaque green, the latter moderately wide proximally, greatly but gradually narrowing distally ; tegmina

of female opaque, broad, but little exceeding the apex of the abdomen, costal field distinctly excised

at the apex or obliquely attenuate, discoidal field with at least two oblique fuscous maculations of

variable size, anal field membranaceous, blackish. Wings of male vitreous, anterior margin greenish,

apex fusco-punctate; wings of female membranaceous, blackish-brown, anterior margin yellowish,

apical margin paler than disk, apex infuscate, the greater number of the cross veins outlined in

hyaline, apex acuminate. Limbs not lobate, the median and posterior pair multicarinate, the femora

and tibiæ of these limbs a little arcuate; anterior coxæ remotely spinose on the anterior margin, often

with one or more intercalated spinulations, spinuloso-granulate or sparsely granulate on the posterior

margin; anterior femora with four discoidal spines, external margin with four spines; tarsi of the

median and posterior limbs rather short. Abdomen without foliaceous lobes.

Type of the genus: P. chlorophaca (Blanchard).

Geographical distribution of species. — len forms of the genus are known from Tropical

and Subtropical America, ranging from the southern United States to southern Brazil.

1. P. chlorophaea (Blanchard), Mag. Zool. 1836, Ins. pl. 135(1836)(Mantis). Gulf States to Costa Rica.

chlorophaea, Saussure, Miss. Scientif. Mexiq. Orth. p. 292, pl. 5, ff. 4,

4a (1872) ( Theoclytes).

mexicana, Saussure, Rev. Mag. Zool. (2), Vol. 13, p. 127 (1861) (Mantis).

azteca, Saussure, ibidem (2), Vol. 11, p. 61 (1859) (Theoclytes).

2. P. cornuta (Saussure & Zehntner), Biol. Centr.-Amer. Orth. Vol. 1, Guatemala.

p. 191 (1894) (Theoclvles chlorophaea, var.)

3. P. maya (Saussure & Zehntner). ibidem, p. 192, pl. 10, f. 33 (1894) Mexico, Yucatan.

( T heocl'ytes).

4. P. brevicornis (Stal), Bihang Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. Vol. 4 (10), Colombia, Brazil.

p. 74 (1877) (Pseudovates).

5. P. stolli (Saussure & Zehntner), Biol. Centr.-Amer. Orth. Vol. r, p. 192 Guiana, Brazil.

(1894) (Theoclytes). — (Plate, Fig. 7).

cingulata, Stoll, Natuur. Afbeeld. Beschr. Spooken en Wandel. Blad.

pp. 29, 77. pl. 9. f. 32 (1813) (not of Drury, 1773).

6. P. parallela (Haan), in Temminck, Natuurl. Geschied. Nederl. Overz. Guiana, Surinam.

Bezitt. Zool. Orth. p. 79 (1842) (Mantis).

parallela, Saussure, Mém. Hist. Mex. Mant. Amér. p. 176, pl. 2, f. 33

(1871) (Theoclytes).

IO ' ORTHOPTERA

surinamensis, Saussure, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. Vol. 3, p. 60 (1869)

(Theoclytes); Mém. Hist. Nat. Mex. Mant. Amér. pl. 1, f. 19 (1871)

(Theoclytes) .

7. P. spinicollis (Saussure & Zehntner), Biol. Centr.-Amer. Orth. Vol. 1

p. 193, pl. 6, f. 2 (1894) (Theoclytes).

8. P. theringi (Saussure & Zehntner), ibidem, p. 193 (1894) (Theoclytes). Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

9. P. minor (Saussure), Mélang. Orth. Pt. 4, p. 85. pl. 9, f. 33 (1872) Brazil.

(T heoclytes).

ro. P. parvulus (Westwood), Revis. Ins. Fam. Mant. p. 46(1889) (TAeoclytes). Brazil.

Brazil

12. GENUS HAGIOTATA, SAUSSURE & ZEHNTNER

Hagiotata. Saussure & Zehntner, Biol. Centr.-Amer. Orth. Vol. 1, pp. 184, 197, pl. 8, f. 5 (1894).

Characters(1). — Front bituberculate; facial scutellum transverse, above obtuse-angulate;

vertex verv slightly higher than the eyes. Pronotum moderately short, strongly granulate, margins

with isolated teeth of considerable size between which dentations of a smaller size are placed ; median

carina extending the total length of the pronotum; collar with two weak rows of teeth, near the base,

however, with two strong tubercles. Tegmina narrowed toward the apex, which is rounded and not

emarginate; costal field very narrow, slightly ampliate toward the base; sutural margin subhyaline.

Wings with the anterior field narrow, apex arcuato-truncate. Limbs moderately short. Abdomen with

the fourth segment lobate.

Geographical distribution of species. — A single species is known from Brazil.

I. H. hofmanni. Saussure & Zehntner, Biol. Centr.-Amer. Orth. Vol. 1, Brazil.

p. 197, pl. 8, f. 5 (1894) (Theoclytes hofmanni on plate).

I3. GENUS VATES, BURMEISTER

Vates. Burmeister, Handb. Ent. Bd. 2, Abth. 2, Pt. r, p. 543 (1838).

Theoclytes. Serville, Hist. Nat. Ins. Orth., p. 150 (1839).

Pseudovates. Saussure, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. Vol. 3, pp. 53, 60, 221 (1869-70) (2).

Characters. — l'orm rather elongate, the male slender, the female with the abdomen depressed-

fusiform. Head transverse-trigonal: occiput subtruncate, elevated above the dorsal portion of the

eyes, the frontal region decidedly oblique-declivent ; juxta-ocular sulci distinct; frontal processes present

as a pair of short, sharp, trigonal plates or as elongate, contiguous, parallel, narrow and apically acute

lobes; ocelli placed in an arcuate line, large in the male, rather small in the female; frontal shield trans-

verse, dorsal margin rectangulate or with the angle developed with a distinct projecting process: eyes

prominent, rounded, directed somewhat anteriorly; antennz of the female slightly serrulate, of the

male more or less unipectinate on the internal margin, the apical portion in some species simply ser-

rulate. Pronotum more or less elongate, the dilation short, broad and rather sharply contrasted with the

subequal shaft, the outline of the ampliation and of the anterior portion of the collar rounded, the

lateral margins of the collar subparallel, the anterior portion of the pronotum being of a trilobate form;

median carina distinct, represented on the collar by a sulcus; margins almost entirely more or less spinu-

1) Known from the female alone.

(2) This division, which has been given generic rank by some authors, does not appear to us to be of generic value, the characters usually assigned

as diagnostic, i. e. excised apical section of the marginal field of the female tegmina and the infuscate wings of the same sex, shading off into true ates.

It would probably be more logical trom the evidence of material in hand to divide the genus on the character of the frontal processes, but without more

material this does not seem desirable.

FAM. MANTIDÆ 17

lose. Tegmina of male elongate, subequal, costal field rather narrow, attenuate, virido-coriaceous,

remainder almost entirely hyaline (cingulata) or greenish semi-hyaline, more decidedly hyaline toward

the sutural margin, several oblique fuscous maculations usually present, apex rotundato-angulate; of

female shorter, virido-coriaceous, the costal field sharply excised about a fourth the distance from the

apex or slightly or hardly excised at the same point, fuscous maculations usual present as in male, apex

acute or rotundato-angulate. Wings of male hyaline, more or less infuscate or virido-coriaceous apically ;

of female strongly infuscate with a preapical section as well as portion of the margin paler and trans-

verse veins of the disk subhyaline, or hyaline with the costal margin and apex subcoriaceous. Abdomen

with the lateral margins lobed or entire in the female, male without abdominal lobes. Anterior coxæ

more or less distinctly spinulose on the anterior margin, usually with intercalated smaller spinulations ;

anterior femora with four discoidal spines, external margin with four spines. Median and posterior

limbs more or less distinctly lobate and with strongly indicated carine; genicular lobes of median and

posterior limbs produced subangulate.

Type of the genus: V. lobaía (Fabricius).

Geographical distribution of species. — Sixteen species are known from the Neotropical

region, ranging from the southern United States (Arizona) to Brazil and Peru, with one species found

in the Greater Antilles.

1. V. pectinata, Saussure, Mém. Hist. Nat. Mex. Mant. Amér. p. 163, Vera Cruz and Tabasco,

pl ast Sr (x80). Mexico.

pectinata, Saussure & Zehntner, Biol. Centr.-Amer. Orth. Vol. 1, p. 196,

pl. 6, ff. 4, 5, pl. 10, ff. 30-32 (1894).

V. foliata (Lichtenstein), Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. Vol. 6, p. 24 (1802) « Bengal », Guiana.

(Mantis).

subfoliata, Stoll, Natuur. Afbeeld. Beschr. Spooken en Wandel. Blad.

pp. 55, 78, pl. 18, f. 67 (1813) (Mantis).

V. sphingicornis (Stoll), ibidem, pp. 59. 78, pl. 20, f. 74 (1813) (Mantis). « Amboina ».

V. lobata (Fabricius), Ent. Syst. Suppl. p. 190 (1798) (Mantis). Cayenne, Brazil.

hyalina, Charpentier. Silbermann Rev. Ent. Vol. 3, p. 316(1835) (Emfusa);

Orth. Descr. Depicta, pl. 2 (1841) (Empusa).

cnemidotus, Burmeister, Handb. Ent. Bd. 2, Abth. 2, pt. 1, p. 543 (1838).

5. V. denticulata, Saussure, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. Vol. 3, p. 222(1870). Surinam.

6. V. amazonica (Westwood), Revis. Ins. Fam. Mant. p. 46 (1889) Amazonia.

(1 heoclytes).

7. M. peruviana, nov. sp. (1). Pent:

8. V. pectinicornis (Stal), Bihang Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. Vol. 4 (10). Chiriqui.

p. 73 (1877) (Theoclytes).

(1) Vates peruviana, nov. sp.— Type: ©: Despoblado, N. Peru (Acad. Naf. Sc. Philad.).

Allied to V. pectinicornis Stal and amasozica Westwood, but differing from the former in the further suppression of the median and posterior

femoral lobes and in the less elongate pectinations of the antennæ, and from the latter in the larger size, the suppression of the femoral lobes and in the

antennz being longer than the pronotum.

Size medium, form elongate. Head half again as broad as the greatest width of the pronotum, much broader than deep, occipital margin

truncato-sinuate; vertex with processes rather short, slightly divergent, conic; eyes diverted slightly anteriorly; antennæ when extended posteriorly

reaching slightly beyond posterior margin of pronotum, subpectinate. Pronotum slender, the greatest width contained about four and one-half times in

ength, shaft subequal, dilation considerable, rounded, collar slightly broader than the shaft, subequal, cephalic margin arcuate; lateral margins irregularly

granuloso-dentate, these more numerous anteriorly than posteriorly, median carina distinct. Tegmina nearly twice as long as the pronotum, elongate,

subequal; costal field narrow, slightly ampliate near base, narrowing regularly toward the apex, coriaceous, opaque, remainder of the tegmina subhyaline,

apex rounded. Anterior coxæ very slightly more than half the length of the pronotum, on the anterior margin supplied with spaced serrato-dentations of

two sizes, posterior face with numerous small adpressed dentations; anterior femora distinctly longer than the Coxe, rather slender, slightly arcuate,

external margin with five (or four) spines, internal margin with fourteen or fifteen spines of alternating large and small size, discoidal spines four in

number; anterior tibiæ slightly less than half the length of the femora, armed externally with eleven and internally with fourteen spines. Median limbs

considerably shorter than the posterior pair, both with no distinct femoral lobes: tibiæ of both pairs with a distinct low dorsal premedian lobe carinations

decided and sometimes sublamellate.

General color pale ochraceous, mottled and clouded (annulate or subannulate on the limbs) with prout’s brown; eyes seal brown; antennæ

prout's brown. Tegmina pale translucent pea green, becoming pale apple green on the opaque costal field, with median and premedian oblique brownish

maculations extending over the median section of the tegmina. Wings pale naples yellow, clouded with gamboge yellow at the apex and along the costal

margin, apical section with scattered minute brownish spots.

Length of body 5o mm.; length of pronotum ro; greatest width of pronotum 3.8; length of tegmen 37; length of anterior femur rr.

The type is unique.

18 ORTHOPTERA

9. V. serraticornis (Stal), ibidem, p. 73 (1877) (Theoclytes). Antioquia, Colombia.

10. V. paraensis, Saussure, Mém. Hist. Nat. Mex. Mant. Amér. p.168 (1871

paraensis, Saussure & Zehntner, Biol. Centr.-Amer. Orth. Vol. 1, p. 19

pl. 6, f. 1, pl. 1o, ff. 28, 29 (1894).

II. V. fownsend:, Rehn, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 27, p. 573 (1904). Mexico, Arizona.

12. V. longicollis (Stàl), Bihang Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. Vol. 4 (10), Mexico.

p. 74 (1877) ( Pseudovates).

13. V. cingulata (1) (Drury), Illustr. Exot. Ent. Vol. 2, pl. 49, f. 2 (1773) Jamaica, Haiti, Cuba.

(Mantis).

bidens, DeHaan,in Temminck, Verhandl. Natuurl, Geschied. Nederl.Overz.

Bezitt. Zool. Orth. p. 79 (1842) (Mantis) (not of Fabricius, 1775).

hyalina, Fabricius, Syst. Ent. p. 277 (1775) (Mantis) (not of De Geer, 1773).

V. annectens, Rehn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. Vol. 27, p. 85 (1900). Mexico.

. V. tolteca (Saussure), Rev. Mag. Zool. (2), Vol. 11, p. 61 (1859) (Theo- Mexico.

clytes); Miss. Scientif. Mex. Orth. p. 291, pl. 5, ff. 3, 3a-c (1872).

16. V. bidens (Fabricius), Syst. Ent. p. 277 (1775) (Mantis). Brazil.

bidens, Saussure, Mém. Hist. Nat. Mex. Mant. Amér. p. 169, pl. 2,

1735, 350! (87a):

consobrina, Saussure, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. Vol. 3, pl. 222 (1870) ( Pseu-

) Brazil, Mexico, Arizona.

dovates).

14. GENUS HETEROCHÆTA, WESTWOOD

Heterochæta. Westwood, Arc. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 162 (1845); Mélang. Orth. Pt. 1, p. 288, 312 (1871).

Stenovates. Saussure (2), Mélang. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 84 (1872); Saussure, Miss. Scientif. Mex. Orth.

p. 286 (1872).

Characters. — Body slender, subbacilliform. Head broad, triangular; front excavate, smooth;

eyes ovalo-conic, obliquely directed, with or without a non-granulose apical process; facial shield trans-

verse; ocelli very large; antennæ short and setaceous. Pronotum elongate, subcarinate; the dilation

short and weak, collar with the margins subparallel. Organs of flight elongate, in repose not attaining

the apex of the abdomen; tegmina subparallel, subopaque, costal field straight; wings maculate,

discoidal vein simple. Anterior limbs very long and slender; cox anteriorly lobate and spinose; femora

slightly crassate at base, armed with long spaced spines. Median and posterior limbs moderately long ;

femora not lobate dorsally, ventrally supplied at the apex with two lobes; tibia without lobes; tarsi

short. Abdomen bacilliform ; supra-anal plate elongate, acute, carinate; cerci broad, lamellate.

Type of the genus: H. tenuipes (Westwood).

Geographical distribution of species. — Three species are known trom Equatorial Africa.

I. H. tenuipes (Westwood), Ann. Nat. Hist. (1), Vol. 8, p. 272 (1841) Senegal, German East

(Toxodera) ; Arc. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 162, pl. 41 (1845) (Toxodera [Hetero- Africa.

chaeta]); Revis. Ins. Fam. Mant. p. 41 (1889).

2. H. orientalis, Kirby, Ann. Mag. Nat Hist. (7), Vol. 13, p. 87 (1904). East Africa.

3. H. pantherina (3), Saussure, Mélang. Orth. Pt. 2, p. 84, pl. 9, ff. 31-31a Egyptian Sudan, Congo.

(1872) (Stenovates).

pantherina, Brunner von Wattenwyl, Ann. Mus. Stor. Nat. Genova,

Vol. 3, p. 74 (1893) (Stenovates); Werner, Jahresh. Ver. Vaterl.

Naturk. Württemberg, Vol. 62, p. 376 (1906); Griffini. Ann. Mus.

Stor. Nat. Genova, Vol. 43, p. 417 (1907).

(1) This species has been considered to be a member of the genus ?%y//ovates, but an examination of Jamaican material shows it to be a species

of Vates, not far removed from V. annectens

(2) For discussion of the status of Stesovates see Werner, Fahiresh. Ver. Vater’. Naturk. Württemberg, Vol.62 p. 37611906) and Griffini, 4772.

Mus. Stor. Nat. Genova, Vol. 43, p. 417 (1007 .

(3) This species was originally recorded from Central America, but all subsequent information places its habitat in Central Africa.

PAM. MAN IDAs 1g

15. GENUS PSEUDOCHAETA', KırBY

Pseudochaeta. Kirby, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), Vol. 13, p. 87 (1904).

Characters (2). — Eyes obtusely conical and ending in a blunt point; ocelli very prominent.

Pronotum slightly expanded above the anterior coxæ and with the lateral margins denticulate through-

out. Anterior coxæ slightly curved, attenuate beyond the middle and slightly expanded again before the

extremity, front lateral carina with about six moderately large teeth; anterior femora half as long again

as the coxæ. attenuate, the lower carina denticulate to the base; anterior tibiæ slender, not more than

half as long as the femora, outer carina with six spines including the terminal one, inner carina with

a great number of curved spines which gradually increase in length and terminate in an immense

curving hook about two-fifths as long as the tibiæ; anterior tarsi with the first joint slender, curved.

Middle and posterior femora with rounded denticulate lateral lobes; middle femora and tibiæ short and

attenuate in the middle, all the carinæ very finely denticulate, femora with an inner and tibiæ with an

outer terminal spine; posterior femora and tibiæ long, rather slender, of nearly equal length, all the

carinz very finely denticulate, femora with an inner terminal spine, tibiæ with an inner and outer one.

Cerci jointed and lamellate.

Geographical distribution of species. — A single species is known from West Africa.

1. P. strachani, Kirby, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), Vol. 13, p. 88 (1904). Lagos, West Africa.

I6. GENUS SEVERINIA, FINOT

Severinia. linot, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. Vol. 46, p. 433 (1902).

Characters. — Body greatly elongate, slender, weakly subspinose in the female. Head

triangular, vertex not produced behind the eyes, occiput obtuse; eyes globose, in the female the apex

terminates in a short subcylindrical obtuse spine; ocelli strong, little distant, placed in a triangle,

their plane being perpendicular to the surface on which they are placed, the inferior placed a little below

the insertion of the antenne; antennz of the male simple, of the female unknown. Pronotum elongate,

much longer than the anterior coxæ, the part posterior to the transverse sulcus slightly more than three

times as long as the anterior part, rounded anteriorly, margins denticulate; supracoxal dilation not

strong; median longitudinal carina very distinct, the apex being a heart shaped tubercle. Tegmina

abbreviate, in the male reaching the sixth abdominal segment, in the female not reaching the third;

costal field irregularly reticulate. Wings marked with purplish black. Anterior coxæ not lobate, the base

and dorsal margin at the apex not dilated; anterior femora beneath with the internal margin in the

female armed with alternately large and small spines, in the male with equal spines, external margin

with four spines, discoidal spines four in number, three in a longitudinal series; anterior tibiæ beneath

with the external margin spinulose. Median and posterior femora and tibiæ carinate above, median and

posterior limbs not lobate; posterior tarsi with the,first two joints slightly longer than the remaining

joints together. Supra-anal plate transverse, apex rotundate; cerci ovate, broad, flat and foliate.

(1) This genus, the type of which has apparently remained unique since described, is closely related to Heferocheta; in fact it is difficult to find

anv character in the original description to separate it from the latter genus. lhere exists in the author's mind a strong suspicion that the two are

inseparable, but it appears preferable to let the name stand for the present as a valid genus, although the diagnosis contains little in the way of differential

characters.

(2) Known only from the female.

20 ORTHOPTERA

Geographical distribution of species. — A single species is known from the Algerian

Sahara region.

I. S. lemoror, Finot, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1893, p.29(1893) (Heterochæta); Ann. Biskra and Tillis, Algerian

Soc. Ent. Fr. Vol. 64, p. 97 (1895) (Heterochæla); ibidem, Vol. 65, Sahara.

pl. 14, ff. 10-12 (1896); Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. Vol. 46, p. 432 (1902).

17. GENUS HETEROCHÆTULA, Woob-MasoON

Heterochætula. Wood-Masson, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Vol. 58, Pt. 2, p. 308 (1889).

Characters. — Sexes alike. Body small, delicate, long, slender, bacilliform. Head transverse,

depressed, nearly horizontal, pentagonal; vertex much produced above the level of the eyes, distinctly

divided by notches and grooves into five lobes, a median, two submedian, and two lateral; middle of

vertex concave, convex or truncate; eyes compressed, laterally very salient, with a short simple or a

bifid non-faceted corneal spine at the upper and outer angle; facial shield a transverse band deeply

indented by the antennæ and not very distinctly defined basally, and concave apically; on each side a

small tubercle 1s placed between the antennal scrobe and the eye. Pronotum transversely convex,

traversed from the base to bevond the middle of the anterior lobe by a fine raised. median line; margins

very finely toothed; disk very minutely and sparsely granulose. Cerci short, broadly foliaceous. Organs

of flight colored. Tegmina with the veinlets of the costal field long and very oblique and rarely branched

and anastomosed so as to form a reticulum with very long and narrow meshes; median vein simple;

anal vein not quite reaching the margin; axillary vein reaching the margin. Wings with the anterior area

narrow; discoidal vein simple. Anterior coxæ above depressed and unarmed; anterior femora armed

below on the outer edge with four spines (order of length two, one, three, four), on the inner edge with

thirteen or fourteen alternately shorter and longer ones, and bearing four discoidal spines; anterior tibiæ

blunt tectate. Posterior limbs without foliaceous lobes, but provided with genicular spines; lateral

genicular lobes of the feebly quadricristate femora short or acuminately produced; tibiz filiform, terete

above, feebly bicristate below; first joint of tarsi not longer than the next two taken together.

Type of the genus: H. jissispinis, Wood-Mason.

Geographical distribution of species, — Two species are known from the Indian subregion

of the Oriental region.

1. H. tricolor (Wood-Mason), Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), Vol. 18, p. 441 Bengal and Orissa, India.

(1876) (Heterochata); Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Vol. 58, Pt. 2,

p. 309 (1889).

2. H. fissispinis, Wood-Mason, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Vol. 58, Pt. 2, Mysore, India.

p. 309 (1889).

I8. GENUS PARADANURIA, Woop-MASON

Paradanuria. Wood-Mason, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), Vol. 19, p. 220 (1877); Journ. Asiat. Soc.

Bengal, Vol. 58, p. 314 (1889).

Characters. — Body elongate, delicate; integument granulose and longitudinally coarsely

pauci-rugose. Head depressed, horizontal, deeper than broad, rather broader than the prothorax at its

dilation; vertex with its lateral lobes produced above and slightly outwards over the eyes into blunt

tubercles, median lobe on the disk elevated into a huge convex boss which is separated anteriorly or

inferiorly by a transverse sulcus from the subquadrate ocellar eminence, the latter bearing a blunt

FAM. MANTIDÆ 21

conical tubercle at the middle of its posterior margin ; eyes compressed, rectangulate with a stout bluntly

mammilliform non-faceted corneal spine at the angle. Pronotum tectate with distinctly rounded

dilation and a longitudinal median carina which is continuous to the apex of the abdomen. Tegmina

narrow, elongate, more or less subhyaline, tessellate, striolate or guttate with brownish or yellowish.

Wings hyaline, costa and apex frequently colored. Supra-anal plate of female broader than long, tri-

angular. Cerci of female foliaceous, extending beyond the subgenital plate of the abdomen by the

greater portion of their length, widening from the base to the apex, which is divided by a shallow

notch into two points. Anterior limbs long and slender; coxe expanded along the apical fourth of their

anterior crest into a conspicuous dentate foliaceous lobe ; femora nearly straight, weakly arched below,

with acute genicular lobes and a conspicuous supragenicular lobe, armed below on the outer margin

with six spines, on the inner with a more numerous alternating series, discoidal spines three in number;

tibiæ as broad as deep, above terete, straight and of uniform width. Posterior limbs very short; femora

stout, very slightly fusiform, prismatic, with four strong crests and accessory ridges, the posterior

ventral crest foliaceous, genicular and supragenicular lobes long, slender, no genicular spines present;

tibiæ rather longer than the femora, above terete, below bicristate; first joint of tarsi not quite so long

as the combined length of the three succeeding joints.

Type of the genus : P. orientalis, \Vood-Mason.

Geographical distribution of species. — Three species are known from the Indian sub-

region of the Oriental region and the Australian region.

I. P. orientalis, Wood-Mason, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.(4), Vol.r9.p.220(1889). Bangalore and Mysore,

orientalis, Westwood, Revis. Ins. Fam. Mant. p. 41, pl 12, f. a (1889). India.

2. P. parvula, Westwood, ibidem, p. 41 (1889) (Toxodera | Paradanuria]). Habitat unknown.

3. P. fortnumi (1), Westwood. ibidem, p. 41, pl. 8, f. 7 (1889) (Toxodera North Australia?

[ Paradanuria |).

19. GENUS EUTHYPHLEPS Woop-MASON

Euthyphleps. Wood-Mason, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Vol. 58, Pt. 2, p. 315 (1889).

Characters. — Female sex alone known. Body long, rather delicate, bacilliform. Integument

granulose and spinulose, especially on the prothorax. Head rather depressed; vertex slightly declivent,

its median lobe separated from the submedian lobes by two longitudinal depressions of the disk, the

latter triangularly produced posteriorly and dorsally so as to form an occipital cavity for the reception

of the anterior end of the pronotum ; ocelli large, on a considerable prominence, which bears a spike-like

erect tooth at the middle of its posterior margin and is separated from the vertex by a transverse

groove ; eyes narrow, oval, convex laterally, produced dorsally and armed at the upper and outer angle

with a large stout blunt, somewhat curved digitiform non-faceted corneal spine. Pronotum tectate, with

a distinct median carina which is continued to the apex of the abdomen. Abdominal segments with the

ventral faces produced posteriorly, the first to seventh produced in the middle into a delicate filamentous

process, the last into a broadly concavo-truncate triangle with arcuate sides. Cerci broadly foliaceous,

thirteen-jointed, broadest at the antepenultimate segment, the dorsal angle of the last four segments

produced so that the dorsal margins are bluntly dentate, apices bifid. Organs of flight extending nearly

to the apex of the abdomen. Tegmina semi-opaque, subcoriaceous, subequal; costal field irregularly

reticulate; anterior branch of discoidal vein simple and unbranched, posterior branch of discoidal vein

(1) This species does not appear from the figure to be congeneric with 2. orientalis, but no specimens have been seen by us.

22 ORTHOPTERA

with six rami; axillary vein quadri-ramose, the first and second rami paralleling the margin, the third

and fourth traversing the anal fold. Wings hyaline, except along the anterior margin and at the apex;

apex blunt and not markedly produced; anal emargination slight. obtuse-angulate; discoidal vein forked

at two-thirds its length from the base. Anterior limbs long and slender; anterior coxæ expanded for

fully the apical third of their anterior crest into a conspicuous dentate foliaceous lobe; anterior femora

narrow, slightly sinuate dorsally, the apex produced into a supragenicular spine, outer margin with five

spines, inner margin with eleven, discoidal spines three in number; anterior tibiæ straight, paucispinose,

terete above. Posterior legs long and slender, carinate and lobate and furnished with curved acicular

genicular spines longer than the genicular lobes, the lateral ones of which are longer than the dorsal.

Geographical distribution of species. — A single species is known from the Himalayan

subregion of the Oriental region.

I. E. rectivenis, Wood-Mason, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal. Vol. 58, Pt. 2, Kangra, Himalayas.

p. 317 (1889).

20. GENUS ÆTHALOCHROA, Woob-Mason

Æthalochroa. Wood-Mason, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), Vol. 19, p. 308 (1877); Journ. Asiat. Soc.

Bengal, Vol. 58, p. 310 (1889).

Arsacia. Stal, Bihang Svenska Vet.-Akad. Férh. Vol. 4 (10), p. 70 (1877).

Arsaria. Brunner von Wattenwyl, Ann. Mus. Stor. Nat. Genova, Vol. 33, p. 74 (1893).

Arteria. Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 1, p. 308 (1904).

Characters. — Sexes alike. body greatly elongate, bacilliform. Head not wider than the dilation

of the pronotum, rather higher than broad; occiput concave; vertex divided by grooves into five lobes,

two lateral, which are conoidally produced, two submedian, which are not always produced, and one

median lobe which is a low transversely convex elevation of considerable extent, terminating abruptly

immediately above and behind the ocelli, sometimes produced on the median line in a simple or bifid

horn; ocular margins of the forehead with a small spiniform tubercle; ocelli large, placed on a triangular

tubercle: eves higher than broad, strongly prominent, tumid, and furnished dorso-laterally with a

conical non faceted spine or atleast a vestige of the same; facial shield pentagonal, dorsal margin slightly

produced in the middle; antennæ short, setaceous. Pronotum greatly elongate, granulose, strongly

tectate with a distinct continuous median carina in the female and a mesially interrupted one in the

male; shaft slightly bowed; supracoxal dilation large, rotund-angulate; lateral carinæ sharply gran-

ulose. Second to sixth abdominal segments carinate ventrally, seventh or eighth emarginate ventrally ;

dorsum of the abdomen longitudinally carinate; cerci broadly foliaceous, spatulate, rounded or rotund-

ato-truncate at the apex. Organs of flight when closed hardly extending beyond the fifth abdominal

segment; marginal areas subcoriaceous, semi-opaque; posterior areas membranous and hyaline; tegmina

with the basal third of the costal field rather sharplv dilated and covered with dense, sharplv defined

and prominent polvgonal reticulations; wings with unbranched discoidal vein and a distinct anal

emargination. Anterior coxæ triquetrous, their carinæ, especially the posterior, granuloso-spinulose,

the anterior expanded at the apex into a short foliaceous lobe; femora with their dorsal margin concave,

cristate at the apex, their ventral margins armed externally with five spines and internally with twelve

to fourteen alternately shorter and longer spines, discoidal spines three in number; tibiæ weak, curved,

slightly enlarged toward either end from the thin median section, terete dorsally, except for a faint crest

distally, paucispinose, being armed only on the apical fifth of external margin and on the apical half of

internal margin, terminal claw long and rather abruptly hooked. Posterior limbs rather short, strongly

BAM. MANTIDE 2

carinate; femora without genicular spines, the four carinæ expanded into foliaceous lobes or spinulose,

genicular lobes short, submucronate, trigonal; tibia equal to or a trifle longer than the femora, with one

dorsal and two ventral carinæ, the latter with foliaceous lobes or the tibiæ are fusiform in shape; first

tarsal joint short, about as long as the two succeeding joints together.

Type of the genus : Æ. ashmoliana (Westwood).

Geographical distribution of species, — lhree species are known from the Indian and

Ceylonese subregions of the Oriental region.

1. Æ. ashmoliana (Westwood), Ann. Nat. Hist. (1), Vol. 8, p. 272 (1841) Bengal, Madras, Ceylon.

(Vates\e Arte. Ent. Vol: 2. p» 52, note (1845) (Vates).

ashmoliana, Saussure. Mélang. Orth. Pt. 1, p. 309 (1871) (Popa?); Wood-

Mason, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), Vol. 19, p. 310 (1877); Westwood,

Revis. Ins. Fam. Mant. p. 46, pl. 12, f. 6 (1889).

var, simplicipes, Wood-Mason, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 584 (1878). Bombay.

var. insignis, Wood-Mason, ibidem, p. 584 (1878). North India.

2. As. affinis, Wood-Mason, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Vol. 58, p. 313 Sind, India.

(1889).

3. JE. spinipes, Wood-Mason, ibidem, p. 313 (1889). Sind, India.

21. GENUS PSEUDEMPUSA, BRUNNER VON WATTENWYL

Pseudempusa. Brunner von Wattenwyl, Ann. Mus. Stor. Nat. Genova, Vol. 33, p. 75 (1593).

Characters. — llead large, broad; vertex straight, compressed, front impressed; antenna

very short, setaceous. Pronotum slender, longer than the anterior coxa, triangularly produced above

the insertion of the latter; margins entirely eroso-dentate. Tegmina not reaching the apex of the abdo-

men; apex obtuse. Wings rounded; discoidal vein furcate near the base, enclosing a large field with

an extensive ocelliform spot. Anterior coxæ spinulose ventrally, dorsal margin granulose; anterior

femora slender, unguicular sinus placed beyond the middle, internal margin armed with unequal

spines, discoidal spines four in number, the third the largest: anterior tibiæ, aside from the claw,

with seven spines on the external margin. Median and posterior limbs not lobate. Abdomen dilated,

but not lobate. Supra-anal plate of female triangular; cerci of female terete.

Geographical distribution of species, — A single species is known from the Oriental region.

I. P. pinna-pavonis, Brunner von Wattenwyl, Ann. Mus. Stor. Nat. Genova, Burma.

Voless pret 25 (1593), Observ. Color. Ins. p- 5, pl. 4, f. 50

(1897). — Plate, Fig. 3.

22. GENUS MACRODANURIA, SJÓSTEDT

Macrodanuria. Sjöstedt, Bihang Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl.Vol. 25, Afd. 4, no. 6, p. 22, pl. f.1, 2 (1900).

Characters. — Body very narrow and elongate, bacilliform. Head trigonal, much broader

than high, the eyes very large, protuberant and hemispherical; occiput with three pair of tubercles,

the lateral ones higher than all the others although but short, blunt, subtrigonal tubercles, the median

pair of tubercles extremely weak and low; facial shield transverse, subobtuse-angulate dorsally.

Pronotum very long and thin, forming about two-fifths the entire length; supracoxal dilation

distinct but not large, its margin rounded, all the lateral pronotal margins rather sparsely spined:

surface of the pronotum sparsely and irregularly granoso-tuberculate; median carina distinct but

weak. Tegmina and wings of female very short, not exceeding the metanotum, of male much more

24 ORTHOPTERA

ample. Abdomen bacilliform, slightly expanded distally, median segments with their apical margins

supplied with foliaceous frills; supra-anal plate (Q) transverse subquadrate, margin bilobate; cerci (9)

blunt, depressed, fusiform. Anterior limbs with their lateral faces granoso-tuberculate; anterior coxæ

about two-fifths the length of the pronotum, the distal expansion rather long and low and with its

margin weakly serrato-dentate; anterior femora slightly longer than the coxe, slightly bowed dorsally

abouta third the length from the distal extremity, tapering. strongly granoso-tuberculate on the proximal

two-fifths of the ventral margin, distally armed with four spines on the external and with a much more

numerous (thirteen or fourteen) series of unequal and irregularly disposed spines on the internal margin,

discoidal spines four (1) in number; anterior tibiae short, with seven spines on the external margin and

thirteen or fourteen on the internal margin. Median limbs moderately elongate, strongly carinate;

femora with a dorsal and a ventral lobe near the apex, tibia with a similar premedian pair. Caudal

limbs very slender and elongate, carinate, not lobed.

Type of the genus : V. phasmoides, Sjöstedt.

Geographical distribution of species. — Iwo species are known from Equatorial Africa.

1. M. phasmoides, Sjóstedt, Bihang Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. Vol. 25, French Congo.

Afd. 4.02 6, p.23 plie (000):

2. M. elongata (De Borre). Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. Vol. 27, p. 76 (1883) Southern Guinea.

(Danuria).

23. Genus DANURIA, STAL

Danuria. Stal, Oefv. Vet.-Akad. Forh. Vol. 13, p. 169 (1856); Vol. 28, p. 387 (1871); Bihang Svenska

Vet.-Akad. Handl. Vol. 4. no. to, p. 70 (1877); Karsch, Ent. Nachr. Vol. r5, p. 270 (1889);

\Verner, Jahresb. Ver. Vat. Nat. Württemberg, Vol. 62, p. 374 (1906); Sjöstedt, Wissensch.

Ergebn. Schwed. Zool. Exped. Kilimandjaro, Pt. 17, Orth. p. 72 (1909).

Daniura. Saussure, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. Vol. 3, p. 70 (Lapse for Danuria) (1869).

Characters. — Body considerably elongate, slender, subequal. Head compressed; eyes pro-

tuberant, elongate-ovate, attenuate dorsally ; occiput above each eye produced into a decided auriculate

acute lobe, the intervening portion of the occiput emarginato-truncate and on its anterior face bearing

four tubercles divided by sulci; facial shield transverse, obtuse-angulate dorsally; antenne of male

elongate, moniliform. of female short. Pronotum slender, subequal, supracoxal dilation very slight;

anterior margin obliquely emarginate laterally, truncate mesially; lateral margins entirely spinose

or granulose; median carina distinctly but not strongly marked. Tegmina and wings very ample in the

male and reaching almost to the apex of the abdomen, quite short in the female, covering but a very small

portion of the abdomen. Abdomen elongate; supra-anal plate of male transverse, subbilobate; cerci

of male blunt terete. Limbs elongate, slender, anterior pair sparsely granulose, median and posterior

pairs strongly carinate, not lobate. Anterior coxæ not less than half the length of the pronotum, the

posterior face considerably granulose, distal expansion decided, angulate and with its margin serrato-

dentate, median constriction pronounced; anterior femora exceeding the coxæ in length, slender,

straight, distal portion with four spines on the external and twelve on the internal margins, discoidal

spines four in number; anterior tibia with seven or eight spines externally and eleven or twelve

internally ; proximal joint of the tarsi over half again as long as the remaining joints united. Median

and posterior limbs not lobed, the distal portion of the posterior carina of the median femora with or

without a slight dentate expansion.

(1) Sjöstedt gives but three. However, a specimen in hand shows four present on one femur and merely the stump of the fourth on the other.

FAM. MANTIDÆ 25

Type of the genus: D. thunbergi, Stal.

Geographical distribution of species. — This genus is now restricted to five species

inhabiting Equatorial and Austral Africa.

1. D. thunbergi, Stal, Oefv. Vet.-Akad. Fórh. Vol. 13, p. 169 (1856). — Southand East Africa,north

Plate, Fig. 10. to Mombasa, Madagas-

thunbergi, Saussure, Mélang. Orth. Pt. 1, p. 444, pl. 7, ff. 66, 67 (1871); Car.

Karsch, Ent. Nachr. Vol. 15, p. 273 (1889).

. D. gracilis (Schulthess), Ann. Mus. Stor. Nat. Genova, Vol. 39, p. 180 Somaliland.

(1898) (Popa).

D. impannosa, Karsch, Ent. Nachr. Vol. 15, p. 274 (1889). Nubia.

4. D. schweinfurthi, Werner, Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wissensch. Wien, Vol. 116, Gazelle River, Soudan.

Heft 2, p. 246 (1907).

5. D. buchholzi, Gerstæcker, Mitt. Naturw. Ver. Vorpomm. Vol. 14, p. 93 Gold Coast, Portuguese

(1883). West Africa.

24. GENUS DANURIODES, GiGLio-Tos

Danuriodes. Giglio-Tos, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Torino, Vol. 22, no. 563, p. 15 (1907).

Characters. — « Related to Danuria and Macrodanuria; differing, however, from the genus

Danuria in the vertex having, between the elevated conical tubercles, four lower obtuse tubercles,

separated by deep sulci, of which the two intermediate are the lesser, anterior coxa with the inferior

area broader, margins strongly denticulate, apical lobe shorter, intermediate femora with a preapical

lobule; from the genus Macrodanuria in the bicornate vertex, the subovate eyes, narrowed above, anterior

coxæ with the apical lobe shorter, anterior femora with four discoidal spines, intermediate tibiæ not

lobate. »

Type of the genus : D. bolauana (Saussure).

Geographical distribution of species. — [four species from Equatorial Africa are known.

: r. D. bolauana (Saussure), Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. Vol. 3, p. 70 (1869) Zanzibar, German and Brit-

(Danuria); Mélang. Orth. Pt. 1, p. 310 (1871) (Danuria). ish East Africa.

Mantis (Danuria?) superciliaris, Gerstæcker, Arch. f. Naturg. Vol. 35,

p. 210 (1869); Von der Decken's Reisen in Ost-Afrika, Vol. 3, Pt. 2,

puro plane 7, 70:0.(1873).

Danuria ? caffra, Westwood, Revis. Ins. Fam. Mant. p. 42. pl. 1, f. 5 (1889).

2. D. barbozae (Bolivar), Jorn. Mat. Phys. Nat. Acad. Sc. Lisboa (2), Portuguese West Africa,

Vol. 1, p. 85 (1890) (Danuria). Congo.

3. D. serratodentata (Karsch), Ent. Nachr. Vol. 15, p. 274 (1889) (Danuria). Malange (Portuguese West

4. D. kilimandjarica (Sjóstedt), Wissensch. Ergebn. Schwed. Zool. Exp. Kilimanjaro. [ Africa).

Kilimandjaro, Pt. 17, Orth. p. 72 (1909) (Danuria).

25. GENUS POPA, STAL

Popa. Stal, Oefv. Vet.-Akad. Fórh. Vol. 13, p. 169 (1856), Bihang Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. Vol. 4,

no. 10, p. 70 (1877); Werner, Jahresb. Ver. Vat. Nat. Württemberg, Vol. 62, p. 374 (1906);

Sjöstedt, Wissensch. Ergebn. Schwed. Zool. Exp. Kilimandjaro, Pt. 17, Orth. p. 72 (1909).

Characters. — Body moderately elongate, rugose. Head trigonal; eyes quite prominent,

globose; occiput with a pair of acute juxta-ocular tubercles on each side, the intervening portion trunc-

ate; postocellar region elevated into a considerable more or less rounded protuberance; facial shield

26 ORTHOPRTERA

transverse, the dorsal margin subobtuse-angulate. Pronotum elongate, scabroso-tuberculate; supra-

coxal dilation distinct but not large, subangulate; lateral margins serrato-dentate; shaft with a strong

median carina, collar with a medio-longitudinal sulcus. Tegmina and wings very ample in the male,

covering about two-thirds of the abdomen in the female; tegmina coriaceous, wings smoky. Terminal

abdominal segments with a low medio-longitudinal marginal crest ; supra-anal plate of female subtrigonal

or transverse quadrate with the angles rounded; cerci of female moniliform. Anterior limbs robust,

moderately long, scabrous; coxe slightly less than two-thirds the pronotal length, triquetrous in section,

margins serrato-granulate, the anterior margin with a distinct distal subtrigonal lobe; femora with the

dorsal margin serrato-dentate and armed with a dentiform preapical lobe, lateral margin armed with

four spines, internal margin armed with fourteen or fifteen spines (exclusive in each case of one in each

genicular lobe); tibiæ armed externally with eight spines, internally with ten or eleven spines. Median

and posterior limbs lobate (except in male of spurca), having on the median femora a dorsal premedian

and dorsal preapical and a ventral preapical lobe, on the median tibia a preapical pair, in the posterior

femora a minute dorsal and on the tibibe a single preapical lobe.

Type of the genus: P. spica, Stal.

Geographical distribution of species. — [ive nominal species, whose relationships are

imperfectly known, are found in the African and Oriental regions.

I. P. spurca, Stal, Oefv. Vet.-Akad. Fórh. Vol. 13, p. 169 (1856); Vol. 28, Southand East Africa (Cape

MO; 35399582 (1877). — Plate, Eig26. of Good Hope to Somah-

undata (nec Fabricius), Charpentier, Orth. Descr. Depicta, pl. 38 (1841) land), Madagascar,

(Mantis); Saussure, Melang. Orth. Pt. 1, p. 309 (1872); Saussure &

Zehntner, in Grandidier, Hist. Phys. Nat. Madagascar, Orth. Vol. 1,

p. 233 (1895).

var. pallida, Saussure & Zehntner, in Grandidier, Hist. Phys. Nat. Madagas-

car, Orth. Vol. 1, p. 234 (1895).

2. P. undata (Fabricius), Ent. Syst. Vol. 2, p. 19 (1793) (Mantis). India, Ceylon.

undata, Werner, Ann. Mus. Zool. Acad. Imp. Sc. St. Pétersb., Vol. 13,

p. 124 (1908) (Popa).

3. P. servillei, Giglio-Tos, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Torino, Vol. 22, Cape of Good Hope, Mada-

07969, Pr 9401997) gascar.

Theoclytes ?undata, Serville, Hist. Nat. Ins. Orth., p. ı52 (1839) (not of

Fabricius).

4. P. batesi, Saussure & Zehntner, in Grandidier, Hist. Phys. Nat. Mada- Madagascar.

gascar, Orth. Vol. 1, p. 230 (1895).

undata, Bates, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1863, p. 480 (1864) (part.).

5. P. stuhlmanni, Rehn, Ergebn. Deutsch. Cent. Afr. Exped. 1907-08, Central Africa.

Zoos, Orth. (ror):

26. GENUS DANURIELLA, WESTWOOD

Danuriella. \Vestwood, Revis. Ins. Fam. Mant. p. 42 (1889); Saussure & Zehntner, in Grandidier,

Hist. Phys. Nat. Madagascar, Orth. Vol. 1, p. 235 (1895).

Characters. — Insects of very small size, sexes dissimilar. Body slender, extremely rugose.

Head moderate, strongly embossed; eyes large, strongly projecting forwards; occiput much com-

pressed, more elevated than the eyes, forming a triangular tooth on each side; facial shield transverse,

the dorsal margin obtuse-angulate, the angle markedly produced anteriorly in the form of a tooth.

Pronotum short, about two and a half times as long as the greatest width, granulate, carinate, denti-

culate on the borders, the dilation very weak, the collar short. Limbs short; anterior pair moderately

strong, very rugose. Anterior cox not dilated into a plate at the extremity of the anterior margin;

FAM: MANTIDE 27

anterior femora having the superior margin somewhat sinuate, terminating, in a strong tooth, the

external margin bearing four perpendicular spines, the internal armed with four pairs of alternating

large and small spines followed by two or three small spines, a large one and last two small ones;

anterior tibia very robust, subcompressed, the inferior face concave, not sinuate dorsally, the margins

regularly armed. Median limbs with the femora and tibiæ labate. Posterior femora with a small lobe;

posterior tibiæ not carinulate, the superior margin bi-undulate, the extremity attenuate; metatarsi very

long, cylindrical, not carinulate.

Female. — Ocelli small. Tegmina lanceolate, very short, subcoriaceous. Wings brown, semi-

orbicular, the anterior field truncate. Abdomen subfusiform, very strongly rugose, bearing on the

dorsum three longitudinal folds; posterior margin of dorsal segments 1 to 5 sinuate, forming on each

side a rounded carinulate lobe, seventh segment with the lateral borders dilated. Supra-anal plate trans-

verse, rounded; cerei short.

Male. — Form slender. Ocelli very large. Organs of flight elongate, hyaline, little or no coloring.

Wings large, veins straight and simple. Limbs slender, Abdomen slender and very smooth.

Geographical distribution of species. — The only known species of this genus is found in

the Malagasian subregion.

1. D. irregularis, Westwood, Revis. Ins. Fam. Mant. p. 42, pl. 1, f. 9 (1889). Madagascar.

irregularis, Saussure & Zehntner, in Grandidier, Hist. Phys. Nat. Mada-

gascar, Orth. Vol. 1, p. 236, pl. 7, ff. 6, 7 (1895)

27. GENUS PHITRUS, KARSCH

Phitrus. Karsch, Ent. Nachr. Vol. 18, p. 149 (1892); Berl. Ent. Zeitschr. Vol. 39, p. 279, pl. 20,

f. 8 (1894).

Characters. — l’emale sex alone known. Form slender, elongate. Head transverse, depressed,

not bi-auriculate lobate; eyes rounded; antenna very slender, moderately long. Pronotum linear,

nearly two and one-half times the length of the anterior coxa; above the coxal insertion slightly

expanded and there nearly twice the width of the base of the pronotum; entire lateral margins subserrato-

granulose. Tegmina and wings squamiform, wings colored. Limbs slender, moderately long; anterior

coxe with the posterior margin serrulate; anterior femora little longer than the coxa, beneath on the

external margin with four spines exclusive of the apical one, on the internal margin with fourteen

spines, discoidal spines four in number; anterior tibiæ beneath armed with ten spines on the external

margin and thirteen or fourteen on the internal margin; median and posterior femora with a preapical

lobe in addition to the genicular ones; posterior tibiæ not carinate above.

Geographical distribution of species. A single species js known from Tropical Africa.

1. P. lobulipes, Karsch, Ent. Nachr. Vol. 18, p. 149 (1892); Berl. Ent. Cameroon, West Africa.

Zeitschr. Vol, 30, p: 279, pl: 20,1. 8 (r894).

28. GENUS JALLA, GIGLIO-Tos

Jalla. Giglio-Tos, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Torino, Vol. 23, no. 563, p. 13 (1907).

Characters. — Head broad; eyes considerably prominent, internal margin sinuate, sub-

reniform; facial shield much broader than long, the superior margin bisinuate in bracket (}) form;

ocelli large and disposed in a triangulate, approximate; vertex behind ocelli with a transverse arcuate

ORTHOPTERA

sulcus, by the eyes granulose, in the middle behind the sulcus bigranulose, summit of the vertex

truncate in the middle and on each side by the eye elevated into a conic tubercle with mucronate

apex. Pronotum oval, little longer than broad, anterior, posterior and lateral margins rotundate,

narrowed posteriorly, armed upon lateral margins with numerous triangular spines, disk strongly

granose, on the prozona an elevated tumescence limited by a circular sulcus is present, the tumescence

armed on each side with a longitudinal series of three large very acute granules; portion of the prono-

tum posterior to the transverse sulcus strongly medio-longitudinally sulcate, two low rounded tubercles

placed before the posterior margin (cj) or with an additional median pair of the same ( Q). Tegmina in

male much longer than the abdomen, elliptical, apex acute, densely venose, subhyaline; in female

short ovate, reaching only to the middle of the abdomen, coriaceous, costal and humeral sub-tuber-

culate. Wings hardly longer than the tegmina, tessellate. Limbs carinate, pilose. Anterior coxæ hardly

longer than the pronotum, robust, triquetrous, internal face granulose, inferior margin spinose ; anterior

femora somewhat incrassate, the external face granose in the middle, the margins distinctly carinate,

the internal margin with thirteen spines besides the apical, external margin with five spines including

the apical, discoidal spines four in number; anterior tibiæ robust, dorsal margin arcuate, ciliate, armed

exteriorly with six, internally with nine spines. Median and posterior femora dorsally and ventrally

carinate, armed with a genicular spine; median and posterior tibiæ carinate.

Geographical distribution of species. — single species is known from Tropical Africa,

1. 7. radiosa, Giglio-Tos, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Torino, Vol. 22, Upper Zambesi.

no. 563, p. 14 (1907). — Plate, Fig. 8, 9.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE

Figures 1-7 and 10 natural size, 8, 9 and r1 twice natural size

Iu Cardioptera brachyptera (Burmeister), c.

2. Parastagmatoptera serricornis, Kirby, cf.

— 3. Pseudempusa pinna-pavonis, Brunner von Wattenwyl, Q (after Brunner von Wattenwyl).

. Zoolea lobipes (Olivier), 9.

— 5. Stagmatoptera supplicaria, Burmeister, 9.

— 7. Phyllovates stolli (Saussure & Zehntner), Q.

— 9g. Falla radiosa, Giglio-Tos, lateral outline of pronotum of 9.

— 10. Danuria thunbergi, Stal, anterior limb of gf.

— 11. Oxyopsis lobeter, Rehn, head of 9 (after Rehn).

Philadelphia, U. S. A., 15 April rors.

GENERA INSECTORUM - ORTHOPTERA

Popa spurca.

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