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2 Sgt Prospectus gratis et franco sur demande.

fentifique : M. P. WyTsMan, Zoologiste, Quatre-Bras, TERVUEREN (Belgique)

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MAEDA

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by W. DWIGHT PIERCE

WITH 4 COLOURED PLATES AND I PLAIN PLATE

INTRODUCTION

1790 1), and placed by him near Henne et the genus Stylops was dosoined by Kirby

we in 1802 2). In 1813 3) Kirby grouped these two genera together to form the order Strepsi-

ptera. His decision was not accepted by many excellent students and the group has since then been

assigned every rank from tribe to order, and has been included in the Diptera, Neuroptera and Coleo-

ptera. In 1872 4) Saunders monographed the group under the family name Stylopide, considering them

as Heteromerous Coleoptera. His classication recognized six tribes and eight genera with twenty-five

species. In rg0g 5) the present writer revised the group under the ordinal name given by Kirby, and

recognized four superfamilies, eight families, thirty-seven genera and one hundred and nine species. The

present contribution recognizes five superfamilies, ten families, thirty-seven genera and one hundred

and thirty-seven species.

The order belongs among the Endopterygota Holometabola, but differs from the Coleoptera by

having the mesothorax and metathorax free, the metathorax greatly produced, and the head free, but

not on distinct neck; and differs from the Neuroptera, Trichoptera, Mecoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera and

Hymenoptera by having the thoracic segments not agglutinate, but resembling them in the other charac-

ters by which it is separable from the Coleoptera.

1) Fauna Etrusca, Mant. App. p. 114 (1700).

2) Monographia Apium Angliae, Vol. 2, pp. 112, 113 (1802),

3) Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. Vol. 11, pp. 86-122 (1813).

4) Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. pp. t-48 (1872).

5) Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no 66 (1900).

STREPSIPTERA

Order STREPSIPTERA, Kirby

Strepsiptera. Kirby (order), Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond, Vol, 11, pp. 109-112 (1813).

Phthiromye. Latreille (tribe 3, Diptera), Gen. Crust. Ins. Vol. 4, p. 388 (1807).

Rhipidoptera. Lamarck (family, Diptera), Anim. s. Vert. Vol 3, pp. 348-352 (1816).

Rhipiptera. Latreille (order), in Cuvier, Regne Anim. Ins. (1817).

Rhiphiptera. Leach (order), Zool. Misc. Vol. 3, p. 135 (1817).

Strepsiptera. Gegenbaur (family, Neuroptera Trichoptera) (1827).

Stylopidsze. Stephens (family, Coleoptera Heteromera), Syst. Cat. Brit. Ins. Vol. 1, p. 403 (1829).

Stylopidze. Shuckard (family, Neuroptera),in Swainson, Nat. Hist. Arrang. Ins. pp. 163, 351-353 (1840).

Stylopites. Newman (tribe, Coleoptera), The Zoologist, Vol. 3, p. 949 (1845).

Stylopides. Lacordaire (family, Coleoptera). Gen. Col. Vol. 2, pp. 634-641 (1859).

Stylopidae. Saunders (family, Coleoptera), Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. pp. 1-48 (1872).

Strepsiptera. Sharp (family, Coleoptera Heteromera). Encycl. Britt. (gth ed.), Vol. 13, pp. 148, 149

(1881).

Strepsiptera. Brauer (family, Coleoptera Malacodermata), Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Vol. gr,

PPysSO5 9775) 379 (1S8.)-

Stylopinze. Lameere (subfamily, Coleoptera Melandryidze), Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. Vol. 44, p. 370,377

(1900).

Xenidze. Semenoy (family, Coleoptera Tenebrionoidea), Rev. Russe d’Ent. Vol. 2, pp. 258-262 (1902).

Strepsiptera. Pierce (redefined as an order), Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, pp. 75-85 (1908).

Strepsiptera. Pierce (monograph of order), Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66 (1909).

The above references contain the principal synonymy, but there are many other quotations

under several of these names which may be found in full by reference to the last quoted paper.

Characters of the order. — An order of hypermetamorphic endoparasitic insects with highly

specialized reduction of certain functional organs, great specialization of other functional organs, and

with dissimilar sexes.

Male. — Elytrophorous, winged, ephemeral. Head and thoracic segments united by elastic

commissures. Head transverse, with eyes stalked and composed of regularly placed separated hexagonal

ommatidia. Mouth parts specialized, rudimentary, vestigial, or lacking. Labrum and labium absent;

pharynx presenting a great exposed surface which is folded crater-like and contracts into a small tube

distant from the appendages; mandibles and maxille arising beneath the gene near their base;

maxilla more or less reduced. Antenne sensitive, with one or more joints laterally produced. Thorax

with principal parts capable of independent movement, united by elastic commissures. Prothorax much

reduced ; mesothorax reduced; metathorax greatly elongated, occupying at least one-half the length of

the body and apically covering the base of the abdomen. Front coxal cavities open behind; tarsal claws

absent, except in Mengeoidea. The legs are unfit for use, except in adhering to the body of the female’s

host during copulation, which is the only function of the males. Halteres, or balancers, attached very

low on the mesopleuree and not serving as a protection to the wings, deformed and greatly reduced. The

mesostigmata are frequently protected by a lobe-like process beneath the base of each elytron. Wings

folded longitudinally ; veining simple, radial. Genitalia with cedeagus exposed, arising at tip of ninth

segment; ninth segment ventrally surpassing tenth, at the tip of which is the anus.

Female. — Larviform, apodous, permanently endoparasitic, inclosed by the persistent skin of the

pupa. Pupa larviform, apodous. Head and thorax adnate, forming an acariform chitinized disk, sepa-

rated by a constriction from the sac-like abdomen. This disk, the cephalothorax, protrudes from between

SMPTE SII II DIRGN 3

the abdominal segments of the host, with the oral or ventral surface upwards. Mouth parts vestigial

Eyes lacking. Thorax separated ventrally from the head by the opening of the brood-canal, an inter-

membranal conduit between the pupal and adult skins leading from the unpaired median genital

apertures on the second to fifth segments anteriad to this ventral slit.

Reproduction prolific, larviparous. Development endoparasitic and highly hypermetamorphic.

Hosts various, hexapodal. First larve, or triungulinids, campodeiform hexapods. Parasitic stages

apodous. The male puparium, with cephalothorax protruded from the abdomen of the host, is merely

the last larval skin with a cap-like lid, or cephalotheca. The pupa is similar to those of the Coleoptera

and Hymenoptera and lies free in its case.

Habits and metamorphosis. — Probably no order of insects has as a whole a more wonderful

or more interesting manner of life than the order which we are now studying. Only three orders of

insects have been constructed to contain parasites only, viz. : Siphunculata, Siphonaptera and Strepsi-

ptera, but parasitism has in the Strepsiptera reached a more complex development than is displayed

elsewhere among insects.

The difference between the sexes is very striking. The male is an agile two-winged insect of

very small size, almost constantly on the wing. The female is merely a white legless sack with the head

and thorax flattened into a brown acariform disc. The abdomen remains permanently enclosed in the

body of the host and only the cephalothorax protrudes. The female’s abdomen is merely a great sack

full of eggs, all of which develop at the same time, and not in ovaries, but free in the body cavity. The

real female never sheds its last skin. It has lost all instinct, except that which causes it to force its

chitinized cephalothorax out through the abdomen of its host.

The eggs mature within the body cavity and the young, which are numbered in the thousands,

find exit from the body of the parent through genital canals opening outside of the body. They find

themselves then in a larger passage formed between the venter of the female and its uncast pupal skin,

in which they pass forward and find exit through a slit between the head and prothorax on the cephalo-

thorax. The female reposes with its venter upward, so, when the young emerge, they crawl all over the

body of the host. These young are very lively little hexapods, which we call triungulinids.

The triungulinid remains upon the body of the host until it gets a chance to slip off or is brushed

off into a nest or flower. In the latter case it waits until another host comes along and takes passage

with it. and is carried to a nest finally. When it reaches a nest it hunts around until it finds a larval

host, into which it quickly burrows.

Inside its host parasitic life quickly causes it to lose its legs, and the eyes to disappear, and it is

soon entirely grub-like; then the segments of the head and thorax fuse. The male and female,

after the second molt, appear different, the female becoming as just described, while the male becomes

cylindrical and in the later stages shows a patch of eyes, resembling the primitive collembolan eye

patches. but more regular. The anterior portion hardens and is pushed outward, resembling a dipteran

pupa case, with tuberculate head and a little cap at the tip of the cylinder. Within this skin a real pupa

forms and finally the adult emerges by casting off the puparium-cap, or cephalotheca. The adult male

is a most peculiar insect with one pair of large, milky-white wings, shaped as a quadrant of a circle; with

a short transverse head; with large eyes composed of many separate facets divided by hairy partitions:

with antenne branched and covered with delicate sense organs; with rudimentary mouth parts, and

with paddle shaped balancers on the mesothorax.

These insects fly like a flash, darting here and there, and with the balancers vibrating in unison

with the wings and making quite a loud hum for such tiny creatures. Their sole purpose in life is to

fertilize the females, which act is accomplished by setting loose the semina in the brood canal or

cesophagus of the female.

STREPSIPTERA

Host list. — The following are the known habits of the species which have been studied :

Myrmecolax nietneri, \Westwood, parasitizes an undetermined formicid; Ceylon.

Stylops advarians, Pierce, parasitizes Andvena advarians, Viereck; British Columbia.

Stylops andvenoides, Pierce, parasitizes Andrena andrenoides, Cresson; Illinois.

Stylops asteridis, Pierce, parasitizes Andvena asteris, Robertson; Illinois.

Stylops atervrima, Newport, parasitizes Andrena trimmerana, Kirby; England.

Stylops bipunctatae, Pierce, parasitizes Andrena btpunctata, Cresson; Nebraska, Wisconsin, Indiana,

Alabama.

Stylops brunert, Pierce, parasitizes Andrena ilinotensis, Robertson; Nebraska, Illinois.

Stylops californica, Pierce, parasitizes Andrena subtilis, Smith; Southern California.

Stylops childvent, Gray, parasitizes Andvena victima, Smith; Nova Scotia.

Stylops clavtoniae, Pierce, parasitizes Andyena imitatvix, Cresson; and its race claytoniae, Robertson;

Georgia, Illinois, Texas.

Stylops claytoniae, var. viereckt, Pierce, parasitizes Andrena imitatrix, var. profunda, Viereck; Texas.

Stylops cornu, Pierce, parasitizes Andyvena commoda, Smith: Wisconsin.

Stylops crawfordi, Pierce, parasitizes Andyena crawfordi, Viereck; Texas.

Stylops cressont, Pierce, parasitizes, Andrena cressomt, Robertson; Maine.

Stylops dali, Curtis, parasitizes Andrena labialis, Kirby; England.

Stylops dominiquei, Pierce, parasitizes Andrena fiessae, Panzer; France.

Stylops gvaenichert, Pierce, parasitizes Andrena nivalis, Smith; Wisconsin.

Stylops hartfordensis, Pierce, parasitizes Andrena nasont hartfordensis, Cockerell; Georgia.

Stylops hippotes, Pierce, parasitizes Andvena hippotes, Robertson; Ohio.

Stylops mandibularis, Pierce, parasitizes Andvena mandibularis, Robertson; [linois.

Stylops melittae, Kirby, parasitizes Andvena nigro-aenea, Kirby; England, Germany, Hungary.

Stylops multiplicatae, Pierce, parasitizes Andrena multiplicata, Cockerell; Wisconsin.

Stylops nasont, Pierce, parasitizes Andvena nasont, Robertson; Pennsylvania.

Stylops nassonowt, Pierce, parasitizes Andyena carbonayia, Linneus; Germany, Egypt.

Stylops nubeculae, Pierce, parasitizes Andrena nubecula, Smith; Colorado.

Stylops nudae, Pierce, parasitizes Andvena nuda, Robertson; Illinois.

Siylops oklahomae, Pierce, parasitizes Andrena flavoclypeata miserabilis, Cresson ; Oklahoma.

Stylops packardi, Pierce, parasitizes Andrena placida, Smith; Massachusetts.

Stylops pilipedis, Pierce, parasitizes Andrena pilipes, Fabricius; China.

Stylops polemonti, Pierce, parasitizes Andrena polemonit, Robertson; Colorado.

Stylops salicifloris, Pierce, parasitizes Andyvena salicifloris, Cockerell; Washington.

Stylops solidulae, Pierce, parasitizes Andvena solidula, Viereck; Washington. | :

Stylops sparsipilosae, Pierce, parasitizes Andrena sparsipilosa, Viereck; Maine.

Stylops spenctt, Pickering, parasitizes Andveua tibialis, Kirby; England, Germany.

Stylops subcandidae, Pierce, parasitizes Andvena subcandida, Viereck; Southern California.

Stylops swenki, Pierce, parasitizes Andvena solidaginis, Robertson; Nebraska, Pennsylvania.

Stylops thwaitet, Saunders, parasitizes Andvena afzeliella, Kirby ; England, France, Germany, Switzerland,

_ Hungary.

Stylops ventricosae, Pierce, parasitizes Andvena ventvicosa, Dours; Hungary.

Stylops vicinae, Pierce, parasitizes Andvena vicina, Smith; New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut,

Canada.

Hylechthvus quercus, Saunders, parasitizes Prosopis gibba, Saunders; Epirus.

Hylechthrus yubi, Saunders, parasitizes Prosopis rubicola, Saunders; Epirus.

SIME S IIE WU IEG 5

Hylechthrus sveboldii, Saunders, parasitizes Prosopis variegata, Vabricius; Epirus.

Halictoxenos crawford, Pierce, parasitizes Halictus (Chloralictus) brunert, Crawford; Nebraska.

Halictoxenos graenichert, Pierce, parasitizes Halictus (Chloralictus) albipennis, Robertson; Wisconsin.

FHalictoxenos jonesi, Pierce, parasitizes Halictus sp.; Louisiana.

Hlalictoxenos nymphaeart, Pierce, parasitizes Halictus (Chloralictus) nymphaearum, Robertson; Illinois.

Aalictoxenos spayst, Pierce, parasitizes Halictus (Chloralictus) sparsus, Robertson; Oklahoma.

Halictoxenos versati, Pierce, parasitizes Haliclus (Chloraliclus) versatus, Robertson; Wisconsin.

Halictoxenos zephyri, Pierce, parasitizes Halictus (Chloralictus) zephyrus, Smith; Wisconsin.

Flalictoxenos (Halictophilus) manilae, Pierce, parasitizes Halictus (Evylaeus) manilae, Ashmead; Philippines.

Hlalictoxenos (Halictophilus) rolbi, Pierce, parasitizes Halictus (Evylaeus) robb, Ashmead; Philippines.

Halictoxenos (Augochlorophilus) vividulae, Pierce, parasitizes Augochlora viidula, F. Smith; Illinois.

Halictoxenos (Halictostylops) spenctt, Nassonow, parasitizes Halictus minutus, Kirby; England, Europe.

Crawfordia cockerell, Pierce, parasitizes Panurginus boyler, Cockerell: New Mexico.

Crawfordia labrosi, Pierce, parasitizes Pseudopanurgus labrosus, Robertson; Llinois.

Crawfordia pulvinipes, Pierce, parasitizes Panurginus sp.; Nebraska.

Crawfordia rudbeckiae, Pierce, parasitizes Pseudopanurgus vudbeckiae, Robertson; Illinois.

Xenos aurifert, Pierce, parasitizes Polistes aurifer, Saussure; California.

Xenos bowditcht, Pierce, parasitizes Polistes pallipes, Lepeletier; Massachusetts, Ohio.

Xenos bruesi, Pierce, parasitizes Polistes metricus, Say; Michigan.

Xenos hubbardi, Pierce, parasitizes Polistes crinitus, Felton; Florida.

Xenos hunteri, Pierce, parasitizes Polistes n. sp. near minor; Texas.

Xenos juryinet, Saunders, parasitizes Polistes gallicus, Linneeus; Switzerland.

Xenos maximus, Pierce, parasitizes Polistes rubiginosus, Lepeletier; Texas.

Xenos nigrescens, Brues, parasitizes Polistes vubigimosus, Lepeletier; Texas, Louisiana.

Xenos pallidus, Brues, parasitizes Polistes annularis, Linnzeus; Texas, Florida, District of Columbia.

Xenos peckn, Kirby, parasitizes Polzstes fuscatus, abricius; Massachusetts.

Xenos pecosensis, Pierce, parasitizes Polistes tevanus, Cresson, and Polistes rubiginosus, Lepeletier; Texas.

Xenos vubiginost, Pierce, parasitizes Polistes rubiginosus, Lepeletier; Louisiana.

Xenos texani, Pierce, parasitizes Polistes texanus, Cresson; Texas.

Xenos wheelert, Pierce, parasitizes Polistes metricus, Say; Connecticut, District of Columbia, New York.

Xenos vespayum, Rossi, parasitizes Polistes gallicus, Linnzeus; Europe.

Vespaexenos buyssoni, Pierce, parasitizes Vespa ducalis, Smith; Annam.

Vespaexenos crabyonis. Pierce, parasitizes Vespa crabyo, Linnaeus; Japan. ;

Vespaexenos mouton, Buysson, parasitizes Vespa mandarina, Smith, V. magnifica, Smith, and V. nigrans,

Buysson; China

Belonogastechthrus zavattayi, Pierce, parasitizes Belonogaster elegans, Gerstacker; Congo Free State.

Pseudoxenos avvensidis, Pierce, parasitizes Odynerus arvensis, Saussure; Illinois.

Pseudoxenos corcyricus, Saunders, parasitizes Odynerus spinipes, Linnzus; Corcyra.

Pseudoxenos evyniudis. Pierce, parasitizes Odynerus erynnys, Lepeletier; Florida.

Pseudoxenos fovaminati, Pierce, parasitizes Odynerus foraminatus, Saussure; Illinois.

Pseudoxenos fundati, Pierce, parasitizes Odynerus fundatus, Cresson; Illinois.

Pseudoxenos heydenti, Saunders, parasitizes Odynerus deflendus, Saunders; Epirus, Corcyra.

Pseudoxenos histytonis, Pierce, parasitizes Odynerus histrio, Lepeletier; Florida.

Pseudoxenos hookevi, Pierce, parasitizes Odynerus verus, Cresson; Texas.

Pseudoxenos jonest, Pierce, parasitizes Odynerus colon, Cresson; Louisiana.

Pseudoxenos klugii, Saunders, parasitizes Odynerus laevipes, Shuckard; Epirus.

6 STREPSIPTERA

Pseudoxenos louisianae, Pierce, parasitizes Odynerus vagans, Saussure; Louisiana.

Pseudoxenos pedestvidis, Pierce, parasitizes Odynerus pedesiris, Saussure; ilinois.

Pseudoxenos robertsont, Pierce, parasitizes Odynerus histrionalis, Robertson; Illinois.

Pseudoxenos schaumt:, Saunders, parasitizes Odynerus parietum, Linneus; Corcyra.

Pseudoxenos tigvidis, Pierce, parasitizes Odynevus tigvis, Saussure; Illinois.

Monobiaphila bishoppi, Pierce, parasitizes Monobia quadridens, Linnaeus; Texas.

Tachytixenos indicus, Pierce, parasitizes Tachytes xenoferus, Rohwer; India.

Sceliphronechthrus fasciati, Pierce, parasitizes Sceliphron fasciatus, Lepeletier; Santo Domingo.

Eupathocera luctuosae, Pierce, parasitizes Sphex luctuosa, F. Smith; Idaho, Colorado.

Eupathocera lugubris, Pierce, parasitizes Sphex fragilis, Smith; Ohio.

Eupathocera pictipennidis, Pierce, parasitizes Sphex pictipennis, \Walsh; Illinois.

Eupathocera pruinosae, Pierce, parasitizes Sphex pruinosa, Cresson; Colorado.

Eupathocera steboldu, Saunders, parasitizes Miscus campestris, Latreille, Germany.

Eupathocera sphecidarum, Dufour, parasitizes Sphewx sabulosa, Linneeus; France, Germany.

Eupathocerw vulgaridis, Pierce, parasitizes Sphex vulgaris, Cresson ; Illinois.

Ophthalmochlus abbotti, Pierce, parasitizes Chlorion sp.; Siam.

Ophthalmochlus ashmeadi, Pierce, parasitizes Chlorion pernanum, Kohl; Santo Domingo,

Ophthalmochlus auripedis, Pierce, parasitizes Chlorton auripes, Fernald; Pennsylvania.

Ophthalmochlus bishoppi, Pierce, parasitizes Chlovion ichneumoneum, Linneeus; Texas,

Ophthalmochlus duryi, Pierce, parasitizes Chlorion atrata, Lepeletier; Ohio.

Ophthalmochlus westwoodi, Templeton, parasitizes Chlorion ichneumoneum auvifluum, Perty; Brazil.

Paraxenos evberi, Saunders, parasitizes Bembecinus peregrinus, Smith; Corcyra.

Stichotrvema dallatorreanum, Hofeneder, parasitizes Sexava nubila, Stal; Admiralty Islands.

Pentacladocera schwarsw, Perkins, parasitizes Agallia sp.; New South Wales.

Agalliaphagus americanus, Perkins, parasitizes Agallia quadrinotata; Ohio.

Pentozocera australensis, Perkins, parasitizes Tetigonia parthaon, Kirkaldy; Queensland.

Pentozocera phaeodes, Perkins, parasitizes Hecalus immaculatus, Wirkaldy ; Queensland.

Pentozocera stenodes, Perkins, parasitizes Paradorydium menalus, Kirkaldy ; Queensland.

Pentozocera schwarst, Pierce, parasitizes Diedrocephala sanguinolenta, Coquibar; Guatemala.

Pentozoe pevadeniya, Pierce, parasitizes Thompsoniella arcuata, Motschulsky ; Ceylon.

Megalechthrus tryont, Perkins, parasitizes Platybrachus sp.; Queensland.

Neocholax jacobsoni, Meijere, parasitizes a fulgorid; Java.

Diozocera tnsulayum, Pierce, parasitizes Xevophloea viridis, Fabricius; Grenada, St. Vincent.

Deinelenchus australensts, Perkins, parasitizes Platybrachys sp.; Queensland.

Elenchus melanias, Perkins, and its variety selvestvis, Perkins, parvasitizes Delphacidae ; Hawaii.

Elenchus tenuicornis, Kirby, parasitizes Liburnia sp; England.

Mecynocera hoebelet, Pierce, parasitizes Liburynia campestris, Van Duzee, and L. lutulenta, Van Duzee;

Ohio.

Elenchoides perkinsi, Pierce, parasitizes Perkinsiella vitiensis, Kirkaldy; Fiji.

Pentagrammaphila uhleri, Pierce, parasitizes Pentagramma vittatifrons, Uhler; Dacota.

Colacina insidiatoy, Westwood, parasitizes Epora subtilis, Walker; Borneo. ;

Geographical distribution. — The Orthoptera, Heteroptera, Homoptera and Hymenoptera

are at present the only orders known to be parasitized. The parasites are found in all the great realms

of the world. Eighty-one species are known from the Nearctic Realm of Wallace, seven from the Neotro-

pical, twenty-eight from the Palearctic, two from the Ethiopian, eleven from the Oriental, and ten

from the Australian Realms; only one species occurring in two realms. (See p. 48.)

STREPSIPTERA

TABLE OF SUPERFAMILIES

ta. Male tarst with five joints and two tarsal claws.

1b. Male tarsi with less than five jomts.

2a. Female spiracles more or less easily discernible,

generally prominent.

3a. Female with four or five genital tubes entering

brood-canal; male tarsi with four joints

3b. Female with three vows of twelve or more

genital tubes entering brood-canal; male

unknown .

2b. Female spiracles not usually discernible, never

prominent.

4a. Male tarst with three joints; female

head with apical tubercles . ;

Female

head with tubercles ventral, more ov

4b. Male tarsi with two joints ;

less obsolete; only three genital tubes

enteving brood-canal

iL,

. Superfam.

Superfam. MENGEOIDEA, Pierce . p. 8

> SUppenghon, Minnompypn, IPSS > 5 os c 4 0s U2

. Superfam. STIcHOTREMATOIDEA, Hofeneder, p. 32

HaicropHaGoIpEA, Pierce. . p. 33

ELENCHOIDEA, Pierce. p- 42

SUPERFAM. MENGEOIDEA

Mengeoidea. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 76 (1908); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

p. 84 (1909).

Characters. — Male. — Tars) five-jointed, and with two tarsal claws.

Female unknown.

This superfamily has been divided into two families.

TABLE OF FAMILIES

ta. Antennae seven-jointed, third and fourth joints laterally produced .

1b, Antennae six-jointed, third, fourth and fifth joints laterally produced,

sixth elongate .

t. Fam. MENGEID&, Pierce.

2. Fam. MENGENILLID&, Hofeneder.

FAM. MENGEID

Mengeidze. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, pp. 76, 77 (1908); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

p- 84 (1909).

Characters. — Male. — Antenne seven-jointed, third and fourth joints laterally produced.

Female unknown.

The family contains two genera.

TABLE OF GENERA

ta. Wings having eight primary veins from base, with one distal detached vein

between subcosta and radius and with the first and second anal apically

united

SAS EG t. Genus MENGEa, Grote.

tb. Wings having seven primary veins from base, with one distal detached vein

beyond the tip of the vadius, another above the radius, medius wilh two

superior branches, third anal lacking

2. Genus Trrozocera, Pierce.

|. GENUS MENGEA, GROTE

Trizena, Menge, Schrift. Naturf. Ges. Danzig (2), Vol. 1; pp. 3, 4 (1866) (preoccupied).

Mengea. Grote, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 17, p. 190 (1886).

FAM. MENGEIDA 9

Characters. — Male. — Head transverse, eyes multiple-facetted, normal. Mandibles short,

acute; maxillz with basal joint short, palpus longer. Antenne pubescent, sensitive, seven-jointed; first

two joints short; third and fourth laterally flabellate; fifth, sixth and seventh cylindrical. Prothorax

transverse, broadest at base; mesothorax somewhat broader and longer, with a sharply outlined scutel-

lum; metathorax long. Elytra short. Wings having eight primary veins from base, with one distal

detached vein between the subcosta and radius, and with the first and second anal veins apically united.

Tarsi five-jointed, the last joint bearing two three-angled, straight claws.

Female unknown.

Type of genus. — W. tertiavia, Menge.

Geographical distribution of species. — Hosts unknown.

1. M. tertiavria, Menge. — PI. 5, Figs. |, 2: Fossil in amber, Germany.

Triaena tertiayia, Menge, Schrift. Naturf. Ges. Danzig (2), Vol. 1, pp. 3, 4,

ff. 1-6 (1866).

Mengea tertiaria, Grote, The Canad. Entom., Vol. 17, p. 100(1886) ; Pierce,

Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p.84, pl. 1, f.1(1909) ; Hofeneder, Bericht.

Naturw. Med. Ver. Innsbruck, Vol. 31, pp. 33-57, ff. 10-15 (1910).

H5-£2 Ow jez

Jhrich!¥'zats Morph. Ozto) Tiere, §

- Tr

2. GENUS, TRIOZOCERA, PIERCE

Trioxocera. Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus no. 66, p. 86 (1g09g) (typographical error).

Triozocera. Pierce, Proc. U.S. Nat Mus. Vol. 40, p. 490 (1911) (application made to International

Commission of Nomenclature for authority to emend).

Characters. — Male. — Head transverse, emarginate behind; eyes multiple-facetted, the

partitions very pubescent. Antenne pubescent, sensitive, seven-jointed; first two joints short, cylin-

drical; third and fourth laterally flabellate; fifth, sixth and seventh cylindrical. Prothorax and mesothorax

transverse. Elytra clavate. Metathtoracic prescutum transverse, very little longer on median line than

at sides; scuti broad, but not longer than scutellum; scutellum elongate conical, anteriorly rounded at

apex; postlumbium very short and transverse and of a slightly different consistency; postscutellum

broadly rounded at apex, as long as the preceding portions of the metathorax. Wings having seven

primary veins from base, with one distal detached vein beyond tip of radius, one or two detached veins

in front of medius; third anal lacking or indicated by an infuscation. Coxe contiguous; anterior and

median trochanters distant. Tarsi five-jointed, first three joints elongate, without pulvilli, the first much

longer than the others, fourth with pulvillus, fifth slender and delicate, bearing two long slender claws.

Tenth dorsal segment consisting of a very small rounded flap, bearing the anus. CGEdeagus long and

slender, gently sinuate, acute at tip, but not abruptly angulate near tip.

Female unknown.

Type of genus. — 7. mexicana, Pierce.

Geographical distribution of species, — Hosts unknown.

1. T, mexicana, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 86, 87, textfig. 3, Mexico.

nos. 1, 2; pl. 1, ff.2, 3, 4(1909).— Pl. |, Fig. 1; Pl. 4, Figs. 16,

31,40.

2. T. texana, Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 491 (1911). Texas.

FAM. MENGENILLIDA

Mengenillidze. Hofeneder, Ber. Naturw. Med. Ver. Innsbruck, Vol. 31, pp. 33-35 (1910).

Characters. — Male. — Antenne six-jointed, with the third, fourth and fifth joints laterally

produced and the sixth elongate; tarsi five-jointed.

Female unknown.

The family contains two genera.

TABLE OF GENERA

ta. Prothovax narrow transverse; wings with six primary veins, and with

faint traces of two detached veins between radius and medius ;

mandibles elongate, acute . . . . «+. . . . . . . +%F. Genus MENGENILLA, Hofeneder.

tb. Prothorax anteriorly causing an emargination of the head; wings

(apparently) with seven primary veins, with detached vein behind

the vadius and one behind the medius, third anal lacking; man-

CUULESMILON Ra eo. ee -e e e o) 2a Genus AUSDROSmYINOPSHaluear

|. GENUS MENGENILLA, HOFENEDER

Mengenilla. Hofeneder, Ber. Naturw. Med. Ver. Innsbruck, Vol. 31, pp. 34-44 (1910).

Characters — Male. — Head transverse; eyes large, prominent, many facetted. Mandibles

elongate, acute; maxille two-jointed, elongate. Antenne six-jointed, sensitive, with the third, fourth

and fifth joints laterally produced and the sixth elongate. Prothorax and mesothorax transverse. Meta-

thorax elongate, with prascutum more or less quadrate, causing an emargination of the mesothorax;

scuti about twice as long as wide; scutellum ogival, elongate; posttumbium almost as long on median

line as it is wide at base; postscutellum broad, hardly more than twice as long as wide, rounded at

apex, deeply emarginate at base by postlumbium. Wings with six primary veins, and with faint traces

of two detached veins between radius and medius. Tarsi five-jointed, armed with two claws. Cedeagus

at base large, but rapidly diminishing to a point, gently sinuate, not angulate near apex.

Female unknown.

Type of genus. — MW. chobautiz, Hofeneder.

Geographical distribution of species. — Hosts unknown.

1. M. chobautii, Hofeneder, Ber. Naturw. Med. Ver. Innsbruck, Vol. 31, Algeria.

pp. 34-44, ff. 1-9 (1910). — Pl. 4, Figs. 17, 32.

PAM. MENGENILLIDAY II

2. GENUS AUSTROSTYLOPS, LEa

Austrostylops. Lea, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. Pt. 4, pp. 514-516, pl. 66 (1910).

Characters. Male. — Head strongly transverse, emarginate by prothorax; eyes large,

occupying about two-thirds of the width of the head, coarsely facetted. Oral cavity irregularly rounded;

mandibles triangular, wide at base, pointed at tip and

not touching each other; maxilla narrow, less trian-

gular, apically obtuse, not meeting each other. Antenne

six-jointed, with the third, fourth and fifth joints late-

rally produced and the sixth elongate, not much shorter

than the produced portions of the preceding joints.

Mesothorax very narrow in the middle, but with the

sides suddenly dilated; elytra about once and one-

fourth as long as the width of the metathorax. Meta-

thorax elongate, with the prescutum quadrate; scuti

elongate, widest behind the preescutum; scutellum

elongate, anteriorly rounded and rather broadly sepa-

rating the scuti, thence obliquely enlarging to base

of postscutellum, posteriorly deeply rounding, emar-

ginate by the postlumbium; postlumbium membra-

nous, concave, as long as wide, more narrowly rounded

behind; postscutellum deeply emarginate by postlum-

AUSTROSTYLOPS GRACILIPES, Lea

; bium, convex and apically rounded. Wings large,

apparently seven-veined (to judge from Lea’s figure); costa and subcosta united only to about

basal third, from which point the subcosta appears as a strong branch; radius complete; a small detached

apical vein lies midway between radius and medius; medius (apparently) detached at base; a small

detached branch behind this takes a very peculiar direction (according to the figure); cubitus and two

anal veins complete, third anal lacking. Legs long and thin. Front cox, femora and tibie of about

equal lengths, but the coxe slightly stouter than the femora, and these than the tibie; trochanters about

one-third the length of the femora, to which they are closely applied; first joint of tarsi about once and

one-half the length of second, and about the width of the tibia, second joint much thinner, third, fourth

and fifth slightly decreasing in length. Middle legs apparently much as front ones. Hind coxe obliquely

placed, about four times as wide as long, touching in middle; femora, tibiz and tarsi rather longer than

in front legs, but otherwise much the same. Last tarsal joint armed with two thin equal claws.

Female unknown.

Type of genus. — A. gracilipes, Lea.

Geographical distribution of species. — Hosts unknown.

1. A. gracilipes, Lea, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. Pt. 4, pp. 515, 516, pl. 66 West Australia.

(December 21, 1g10).

SUPEREAM. XENOIDEA

Stylopinze. Perkins, Rep. Exp. Stat. Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Assoc. Bull. 1, Pt. 3, Honolulu (1905).

Xenoidea. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc Wash. Vol. 9, p. 76 (1g08); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 87

(1909).

Characters, — Male. — Tarsi four-jointed.

Female having cephalothoracic spiracles more or less easily discernible, generally prominent;

four or five genital tubes entering brood-canal.

This superfamily has been divided into four families, all parasites of Hymenoptera.

TABLE OF PAMITIETES

ta. Male antennae seven-jointed, third joint laterally produced, fourth

joint short, fifth to seventh joints elongate. Female unknown . . 1. Fam, MyrMEcoracip, Pierce.

tb. Male antennae six-jointed, the third joint laterally produced, fourth

to sixth joints together not surpassing flabellum of third. Female

cephalothorax broadly truncate or rounded at apex ; head about one-

half as wide as metathovax at spiracles; five genital tubes entering

WAHT 5 6 6 6 6 6 @ 8 6 BO ooo 6 6 o = 2y eh Suave, Isilon,

1c. Male antennae five-jointed, the third joint laterally produced, fourth

joint very short, fifth elongate. Female cephalothovax with head

not move than one-half as wide as metathovan at spivacles . . . 3. Fam. Hy LecHruripa, Pierce.

td. Male antennae fourjointed, the third joint laterally produced, fourth

joint elongate. Female cephalothorax variable in shape; four or

five genital tubes entering brood-canal. . . . . . . . . 4. Fam. Nenip&, Semenov.

FAM. MYRMECOLACID

Myrmecolacides. Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 34 (1872).

Myrmecolacidze. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 76 (1908); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

p- 87 (1909).

Characters, — Male. — Antennz seven-jointed, third joint laterally produced, fourth joint

short, fifth to seventh elongate; tarsi four-jointed.

Female unknown.

FAM. MYRMECOLACID/: 13

TABLE OF GENERA

ta. Wings short in proportion to body, with eight primary veins. Fifth

and sixth antennal joints subclavate . . . . . . . +. . I. Genus Myrmecorax, Westwood.

ib. Wings long, with only six primary veins from base, the cubitus and

third anal being missing, with a short detached vein just below the

apex of the vadius, medius short and continued by a long detached

vein beginning behind it and shortly before its apex. Fifth and

sixth antennal joints slender throughout . . . . . . . . 2. Genus C#nocHorax, Pierce.

|. GENUS MYRMECOLAX, WEeEsTWooD

Myrmecolax. Westwood, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. 5, pp. 418-420, plate (1861).

Characters. — Male. — Head transverse, emarginate posteriorly; eyes multiple-facetted with

the interspaces conically elevated. Frontal process prominent. Oral cavity subtriangular. Mandibles

long, slender, curved and apically acute; maxille two-jointed, the basal joint short, the palpus long.

Antenne minutely pubescent, sensitive, seven-jointed, with the first two joints short, third laterally

produced into an elongate flabellum; fourth very small and cylindrical; fifth, sixth and seventh joints

elongate, together longer than the flabellum of the third; the fifth and sixth joints subclavate. Prothorax

arched forward, longer than mesothorax. Elytra a little longer than the width of the mesothorax, clavate.

Metathorax with prescutum keystone-shape; scuti broad and rather widely separated; scutellum

triangular, rounded at apex; postlumbium of different consistency from the other parts, semi-elliptical ;

postscutellum broad and rather short. Wings having eight primary veins from base. Legs very small;

coxee contiguous; anterior and median trochanters inflated, distant, posterior approximate; posterior

femora inflated; tarsi four-jointed, the first largest, all with pulvilli, claws lacking. Gideagus slender,

but slightly arcuate, very strongly and acutely reflexed near apex; apex acute.

Female unknown.

Type of genus. — M. wuietneri, Westwood.

Geographical distribution of species, — Parasites of Formicide.

1. M. nietneri, Westwood, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. 5, pp. 418-420, Ceylon.

plate (1861). — Pl. |, Fig. 2; Pl. 4, Fig. 18.

M. nietneri, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 88, pl. 1, ff. 5, 6

(1909); Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 492 (1911)

AE Ome Vary Ma te g } 263

aa |

2. GENUS CA.NOCHOLAX, PIERCE

Czenocholax,. Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 88 (1909).

Characters. Male. — Head transverse, considerably wider than thorax; eyes multiple-

facetted, large. Oral cavity broadly rounded.,Mandibles elongate, slender, acute. Maxille with basal

joint globular, fleshy, sensitive; palpus arising from outer side, long and slender. Antenne seven-jointed,

sensitive; the first two joints transverse, cylindrical, cupped; third short, laterally produced into a long

flabellum; fourth very short; fifth, sixth and seventh elongate, slender. Prothorax and mesothorax

transverse. Elytra elongate, clavate. Metathorax very long; prescutum elongate, broadly ogival; scuti

STREPSIPTERA

reaching base of mesothorax at sides, united behind prascutum; scutellum short, triangular, with

: rounded basal angles, not as long as prascutum; postlumbium transverse, indistinct; postscutellum

broadly rounded. Wings with six primary veins, with a short detached vein just below the apex of the

radius, with the medius short and continued by along detached vein commencing behind it and shortly

before its apex, cubitus and third anal lacking. Coxe contiguous; anterior and median trochanters

: distant; tarsi four-jointed, without claws. Tenth dorsal segment appearing as a very broad, transverse

7 oboval flap covering the genital apparatus, and bearing the anus between two folds. Gideagus arcuate, a

‘ apically suddenly and acutely reflexed, apex acute. : ; {

Female unknown.

Type of genus. — C. /enyesi, Pierce. 7

g Geographical distribution of species. — Hosts unknown.

1. C. fenyesi, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no, 66, pp. 89, go, text fig. 3, Mexico.

nos. 3, 4, pl. 1, ff. 7-11 (1909). — Pl. 1, Fig. 4; Pl. 4, Figs. 19,33.

FAM. STYLOPID&

Stylopidze. Kirby, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. Vol. 11, p. 102 (1813). ©

Stylopides. Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 21 (1872).

Stylopidze. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p.76 (1908); Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. go (1909).

Characters, — Male. — Antenne six-jointed. third joint laterally produced; tarsi four-jointed.

Female. — Cephalothorax broadly truncate or rounded at apex; head about one-half as wide as

metathorax at spiracles; five genital tubes entering brood-canal.

The family includes two genera, parasites of Andrenide.

TABLE OF GENERA

ta. Wings with eight primary veins from base, with two distal detached veins

between the radius and medius; antennae short and robust. Female

cephalothovax broadly truncate or rounded at apex; head about one-half

as wide as metathovax at spwacles . . . . . . . .. . . . t. Genus Styzops, Kirby.

tb. Wings with seven primary veins from base, cubitus missing, costal margin

with distinct stigma, subcosta and radius apically united, a detached

branch of medius immediately posterior to that vein, a detached branch

of medius between vadius and medius, third anal very short; antennae

more attenuate. Femaleunknown . . . . . . . . . . . 2. Genus ParastyLops, Meijere.

|. GENUS STYLOPS, KIRBY

Stylops. Kirby, Monogr. Apum Anglie. Vol. 2, pp. 112, 113 (1802); Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. Vol. 11,

pp- 112, 113 (1813); Curtis, Brit. Ent. Vol. 5,.p. 226 (1828); Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.

p- 26 (1872); Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. go (1909).

Characters. — Male. — Head transverse, eyes prominent, multiple-facetted. Mandibles long,

slender, lanceolate; maxilla two jointed. Antenne sensitive, short and robust, six-jointed ; third joint

laterally produced, following joints cylindrical. Prothorax and mesothorax transverse, band-like. Elytra

short, crumpled. Metathorax elongate; preescutum transverse. laterally convex, apically truncate, about

twice as wide as long; scuti reaching base of metathorax at sides of prasscutum, and united behin1

latter; scutellum bluntly triangular with convex sides, longer than preescutum, but separated from it by

the scutum; postlumbium semi-circular in outline and of a different consistency from the other parts;

postscutellum very broad and apically broadly rounded, not twice as long as wide. Wings with eight

STREPSIPTERA

primary veins from base, with two detached veins between radius and medius. Coxe contiguous;

middle trochanters approximate; tarsi four-jointed, without claws. Cideagus at base triangularly

truncate externally, at basal third with a long shallow emargination on external edge, at apical third

abruptly bent outward in a rounded right angle, tapering to a point, the inner edge at apical bend is

produced also in an acute process, the two apices being united by a convex edge.

Female. — Cephalothorax rather abruptly narrowed behind stigmatal angle, subtriangular to

ovate, more or less obtuse or truncate at apex. Head about half as wide as metathorax at spiracles.

Spiracles often prominent. Mouth ventral, with mandibles on each side, rather broad and obtuse.

Abdomen with five median genital canals on the second to sixth segments.

Triungulinid. — Body oblong, slightly narrowing posteriad. Tenth segment medianly cleft. forming

two tubercles, each bearing a long stylet.

(on)

NNnnHN

+ Ww

HNAnN

ANHNNYN HAN nN

Type £ species. S. melittae, Kirby.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of bees of the genus Andvrena.

. advavians, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 97, 98, pl. 3,

f. 1 (1909).

. andrenoides, Pierce, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, pp. 493, 494 (1911).

. asteridis, Pierce, ibidem, p. 494 (1911).

. atervima, Newport, Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. Vol. 1, pp. 317-320 (1847).

S. trimmerana, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. 4, pp. 115-118,

ploza dt. B, Ci(r857 -

S. atervima, Saunders, Trans Ent. Soc. Lond, p. 29 (18

S. melittae aterrima, Friese, Zool. Anzeig. Vol. 29, p. 73

S. aterrima, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 97

Taye

9 (1906).

(1909).

. bipunctatae, Pierce, ibidem, p. 98 (1900).

. bruneri, Pierce, ibidem, p. 98, pl. 3. f. 2 (1909).

. californica, Pierce, ibidem, p. 99 (1909).

. childrent, Gray, in Griffith, Anim. Kingdom, Ins. Vol. 2, p. 683,

pl. 59 (1832).

S. childrent, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. 4, pl. 24 (1857);

Pierce, Bull U.S. Nat. Mus. no, 66, p. 96 (1909).

. claytoniae, Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p.gg. pl.3,f 3 (1909).

S. imitatrix, Pierce, ibidem, p. 104, pl. 3, f. 10 (1909).

var, viervecki, Pierce, ibidem, p. 110, pl. 4, f. 11 (1909).

. cornti, Pierce, ibidem, p. 100, pl. 3, f. 4 (1909).

. crawfordi, Pierce, ibidem, pp. roo-102, text fig. 3, nos. 5, 6; pl. 2,

ff. 5, 6, 8-12; pl.3, f. 5 (1909). — Pl. I, Fig.5; Pl. 4, Figs. 20,35.

. cressont, Pierce, ibidem, p. 102, pl. 3, f. 6 (1g09).

. dalu, Curtis, Brit. Ent. Vol. 5, p. 226 (1828).

S. dalit, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. 4, pl. 24 (1857).

S. melittae dahlit, Friese, Zool. Anzeig. Vol. 29, p. 739 (1906).

S. dalit, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 95 (1909).

. domimiquet, Pierce, ibidem, pp. 102, 103 (1909).

. graenicheri, Pierce,/ibidem, p. 103, pl. 3, f. 7 (1909).

. hartfordensis, Pierce, ibidem, p. 103, pl. 3, f. 8 (1909).

. hippotes, Pierce, ibidem, pp. 103, 104, pl. 3, f. 9 (1909).

. mandibularis, Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, pp. 494, 495

(agIr).

. melittae, Kirby, Monogr. Apum Angliz, Vol. 2, pp. 112, 113 (1802).

S. kirbyt, Leach, Zool. Misc. Vol. 3, p. 135 (1817).

S. hawortht, Stephens, Syst. Cat. Brit. Ins. Vol. 1, p. 403 (1829).

S. melittae, Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. pp. 26, 27 (1872); Pierce,

Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no, 66, pp. 94, 95, text fig. 2, no. 14: pl. 2, f. 4

(1909).

British Columbia.

Illinois.

England.

Indiana, Alabama, Wiscon-

Nebraska.

Nova Scotia.

Georgia.

Texas.

Wisconsin.

Texas.

Maine.

England.

France.

Wisconsin.

Georgia.

Ohio.

Illinois.

England, Germany,

[sin, Nebraska.

Southern California.

Hun-

[gary.

VAIL SID NIL ONE IID Ae. 17

20. S. multiplicatae, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no, 66, p. 104, pl. 3, Wisconsin.

f. 11 (1909).

21. S. nasoni, Pierce, ibidem, pp. 104, 105, pl. 4, f. 1 (1909). Pennsylvania.

22. S. nassonowt, Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 105 (1909). Germany, Egypt.

23. S. nubeculae. Pierce, ibidem, p. 105; pl. 4, f. 2 (1909). Colorado.

24. S. nudae, Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus, Vol. 40, p. 495 (1911). Illinois.

24. S. oklahomae, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66 pp. 110, 111, Oklahoma.

pl. 4, £. 3 (1909).

26. S. packardi, Pierce, ibidem, pp. 105, 106 (1909). Massachusetts.

27. S. pilipedis, Pierce, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 495 (1911). China.

28. S. polemonw, Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no.66, p. 106, pl. 4, f. 4 (1909). Colorado.

29. S. salicifloris, Pierce, ibidem, p. 106, pl. 4, f. 5 (1909). Washington.

30. S. solidulae, Pierce, ibidem, pp. 107, 108, pl. 2, ff. 7, 13; pl. 4, f.6 (1909). Washington.

31. S. sparsipilosae, Pierce, ibidem, p. 108, pl. 4, f. 7 (1909). Maine.

32. S. spencit, Pickering, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. Vol. 1, p. 68, pl.17(1835). England, Germany.

S. spencit, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. 4, pl. 24 (1857).

S. melittae spencet, Friese. Zool. Anzeig. Vol. 29, p. 739 (1906).

S. spencit, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no 66, p. 96 (1909).

33. S. subcandidae, Pierce, ibidem, p. 108, pl. 4, f. 8 (1909). Southern California.

34. S. swenkt, Pierce, ibidem, p. 108, pl. 4, f. 9 (1909). Nebraska, Pennsylvania.

35. S. thwatter, Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 23 (1872). England.

S. thwaite?, Pierce, Bul. U.S Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 97 (1909).

36. S. ventvicosae, Pierce, ibidem, pp. 109, 110 (1909). Hungary.

37. S. vicinae, Pierce, ibidem, p. 110, pl. 4, f. 10 (1909). New Hampshire, Canada.

2. GENUS PARASTYLOPS, MEIJERE.

Parastylops. Meijere, Tijdschr. v. Ent. Vol. 51, pp. 188, 189 (1908); Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus.

no. 66, p. III (1900).

Characters. — Male. — Head transverse; eyes normal, facetted. Mandibles long and slender,

outwardly arcuate; maxille long, two-jointed. Antenne long, six-jointed, the first three joints short, the

third laterally produced intoa very long cylindrical process; the last three flattened, and togetheras longas

the process of the third joint. Prothorax and mesothorax transverse. Metathorax elongate; preescutum

elongate, keystone-shape, rounded truncate at apex; scuti not connected; scutellum broadly rounded at

apex, shorter than prescutum; postlumbium transverse, apically convex; postscutellum very long,

apically convex. Wings with seven principal veins, the subcostal and radial veins united at their apices;

two free veins between radius and medius; stigma distinct. Tarsi four-jointed, without claws. Cideagus

near apex bent back into an acute process.

Female unknown.

Type of genus. — P. flagellatus, Meijere.

Geographical distribution of species. — Hosts unknown.

1. P. flagellatus. Meijere, Tijdschr. v. Ent. Vol. 51, p. 189, pl. 6, ff. 8-10 Java.

(1908). — PI. 5, Figs. 16-18.

P. flagellatus, Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 111, 112, pl. 2,

f. 1-3 (1909).

FAM. HYLECHTHRIDA

Hylechthridze, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 76 (1908); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

p. 113 (1g09).

Characters. — Male. — Antenne five-jointed, the third laterally produced, the fourth very

short, and the fifth elongate; tarsi four-jointed.

Female. — Cephalothorax with head not more than one-half as wide as metathorax at spiracles.

The family includes only one genus.

1. GENUS HYLECHTHRUS, SAUNDERS

Hylechthrus. Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. 1, p. 57 (1850); Pierce, Bull, U. S. Nat.

Mus. no. 66, p. 113 (1909).

Characters. — Male. — Head large, transverse; eyes large, multiple-facetted. Mandibles rather

short; maxille two-jointed. Antenne five-jointed, the third laterally produced, the fourth very short,

the fifth elongate. Wings with seven primary veins from base, with two distal detached veins between

the radius and medius, which are basally united, and with the cubitus appearing as a detached vein (?).

Tarsi four-jointed.

Female. — Cephalothorax with head not more than one-half as wide as metathorax at spiracles.

Type of genus. —. H. vult, Saunders.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of bees of the genus Prosopis.

1. H. quercus, Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. 1, p. 58 (1850). Epirus.

H. quercus, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no, 66, p. 115 (1909).

2. H. vubt, Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. 1, p. 57, pl. 8, Epirus.

ff, r-3 (1850); Vol. 2, pl. 15, ff. 2-17 (1853). — Pl. 4, Fig, 34;

lo fp Leieas Se

HA, rvubi postulatus, Saunders, Trans, Ent. Soc. Lond. (1872).

H. vubi, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 114, 115, text fig. 3,

nos. 7,8; pl. 5, ff. 1, 2 (1909).

3. H. sieboldii, Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. 2, p. 143, pl. 16, Epirus.

1 24a) ((ats}o9s}))p

H., sieboldii, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 115 (1909).

FAM. XENID&

Xenidze. Semenow, Rev. Russe d’Ent. Vol. 2, pp. 258-262 (1g02); Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash.

Vol. 9, p. 76 (1908); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 115 (1909). — Pl. 4, Fig. 5.

Characters. — Male. — Antenne four-jointed, with the third joint laterally produced; tarsi

four-jointed, without claws.

Female. — Variable in form, but always having the metathoracic spiracles discernible; four or

five median genital tubes entering brood-canal.

The family may conveniently be divided into three subfamilies based upon the structures of the

thorax and cedeagus. The first two subfamilies strongly approach the two preceding families in thoracic

structure.

TABLE OF SUBFAMILIES

1a. Male metathoracic scutellum apically broadly: truncate, not peduncu-

late, postlumbium more than half as long as wide.

2a. Male maxillae simple, two-jointed ; oedeagus not conspicuously

inflated at basal angle, sharply angulate at apical third. Female

with five median genital tubes entering brood-canal . . . 1. Subfam. HaLicToxENIn2, Pierce.

2b. Male maxillae three-jomted ; oedeagus beginning as a slender

tube, tnen greatly inflated, bent at right angles and produced as

OCG) SEHUG PANES 6 6 2 a o 6 6 6 4 co 0 0 Ap Sullolizim, Craimroroms, Piece,

tb. Male metathoracic scutellum pedunculate antertorly, postlumbium short

and tvansverse; oedeagus inflated at basal angle, sharply angulate

at apical third. Female with four median genital tubes entering

iin 5 5 6 6 o 6 o 9 » B68 0 © 6 6 «6 oF Se Sworn, KGa, IPIEMEA,

|. SUBFAM. HALICTOXENINA, PIERCE

Halictoxeninze. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. g. p. 82 (1908); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

P- 147 (1909).

Characters. — Male. — Maxille two-jointed. Metathoracic scutellum apically broadly truncate,

not pedunculate; postlumbium more than half as long as wide. Gideagus not conspicuously inflated at

basal angle, sharply angulate at apical third.

Female. — Cephalothorax almost triangular, lateral margins sinuate; five genital tubes entering

brood-canal.

20 STREPSIPTERA

TABLE OF GENERA

1a. Male maxillae with first joint longer than second ; oedeagus strongly arcuate

benenthnarmiadle. . . « . « s » « « « « » « « « IT. Genus HATICTOXENOS | Pierce:

1b. Male maxillae with first joint shorter than second ; oedeagus not strongly

arcuate beneath at middle; wings with two detached branches of vadtus

and two of medius, between vadius and medius . . . . . . . 2. Genus ApRACTELY?TRA, Pierce.

1. GENUS HALICTOXENOS, PIERCE

Halictoxenos, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 82 (1908); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

Pp- 147 (1909).

Characters. — Male. — Head and eyes normal. Maxille with first joint longer than second;

mandibles straight on posterior edge, sides parallel to middle, where anterior edge is suddenly narrowed,

thence tapering to a blunt apex. Antenne four-jointed, the third joint laterally produced. Prothorax

transverse. Mesothorax transverse; elytra long. Metathorax elongate; praescutum much broader in front

than behind, posterior edge bisinuate; scuti rather widely separated; scutellum elongate, almost twice

as long as prescutum, sides sinuately narrowing towards front, but not becoming approximate; post-

lumbium very long; postscutellum elongate, apically rather broadly rounded. Tarsi four-jointed.

CEdeagus evenly curved near base, strongly arcuate beneath at middle, probably angulate near apex.

Female. — Cephalothorax almost triangular. lateral margins sinuate; five genital tubes entering

brood-canal.

The genus is divided into four subgenera on the basis of differences in the female cephalothorax.

There is little doubt, but that each will be entitled to generic rank when the males are known.

TABLE OF SUBGENERA

1a. Female cephalothorax triangular. narrowly and voundingly

truncate at apex, obviously constricted at base of head ;

breadth of cephalothovax at widest point 1.9 to 2.3 times

as wide as breadth of head at base. : 1. Subgen. HaricroxENos, Pierce.

tb. Female cephalothovax less apparently triangular, broadly

and evenly rounded to apex with very slight sinuations

atsides ; breadth of cephalothovax at widest point 1.4 times

as wide as breadth of head at base.» . . . . . . 2. Subgen. Haricropui.us, Pierce.

1c. Female cephalothorax almost triangular, narrowly truncate

at apex; head about one-third as wide as metathorvax at

SHAG SE IM eile eS 2. 32) Subpen. ElATTCTOS@YnORS srnences

1d. Female cephalothovax very broad at base, triangular,

convealy truncate at apex, stvongly constricted at base of

head ; breadth of cephalothovax at widest point 1.5 times

as wide as breadth of head at base. . . . . . . 4. Subgen. AUGOCHLOROPHILUS, nov. subgen.

FAM. XENIDAt 21

|. SuBGENUS HALICTOXENOS, Pierce

Halictoxenus. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 82 (1908); Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66

p. 148 (1909).

Type of subgenus. — H. jonesi, Pierce.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of Halictine bees of the subgenus

Chloralictus.

1. H. crawfordi, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 149, pl. 12,f. 1 Nebraska.

(1909).

2. H. graenichert, Pierce, ibidem, p. 150, pl. 12, f. 2 (1909). Wisconsin.

3. H. jonesi, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 84 (1908); Bull. Texas, Louisiana.

U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 14, pl. 13. ff. 1-3 (1909). — PI. 2,

Gigs Plas Bigs 2ilr

4. H. nymphaeart, Pierce, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus Vol. 40. p. 496 (1911). Illinois.

5. H. sparsi, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 150, 151, pl. 12, Oklahoma.

ft. 3 (1Q09).

6. H. versati, Pierce, ibidem, p. 150, pl. 12, f. 4 (1909). Wisconsin.

7.H. zephyri, Pierce, ibidem, p. 150 (1909). Wisconsin.

2. SUBGENUS HALICTOPHILUS, Pierce

Halictophilus. Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 148 (1909).

Type of subgenus. — H., manilae, Pierce.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of Halictine bees of the subgenus

Enoylaeus.

8. H. mamnilae, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. p. 151, pl. 12, f. 5 (1go9). Philippines.

9. H. rvobbit, Pierce, ibidem, p. 151, pl. 12, f. 6 (1g09). Philippines.

38. SuBGENUS HALICTOSTYLOPS, Pierce

Halictostylops. Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 112 (1909).

Characters. — Female. — Cephalothorax triangular from stigmatal angles, narrowly truncate

at apex; mandibles marginal; spiracles not lateral. Abdomen with five median genital tubes on the

second to sixth segments.

Triungulinid. — Similar in form to that of Stylofs. Tenth abdominal segment short, triangular, with

two ventral tubercles as long as the segment and each bearing a long stylet.

Type of subgenus. — H. spencii, Nassonow.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of bees of the genus Halictus.

10. H. sfencit, Nassonow. England, continental Eu-

Halictophagus spencit, Nassonow, Warsaw University News, no. 9, pp. 18-22 rope.

pl. 1, ff. 10-12 (1893).

Halictophagus curtisit, Nassonow, Ent. Untersuch. pp. 93-97, pl. 1, ff. 10-12

(1893).

Halictostylops spencit, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 112, 113 (1909).

22 STREPSIPTERA

4. SuBGENUS AUGOCHLOROPHILUS, Nov. SUBGEN.

Type of subgenus, — H. viridulac, Pierce.

Geographical distribution of species, — Parasites of bees of the genus Augochlora.

11. H. viridulae, Pierce, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 496 (1911). Illinois.

2. GENUS APRACTELYTRA, PIERCE

Apractelytra. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 79 (1908); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

pp. 151, 152 (1909).

‘Characters. — Male. — Head transverse, eyes not very prominent. Mandibles short, acute,

slightly curved; maxilla two-jointed, second joint more slender than first, but subequal in length.

Antenne compact, four-jointed, with third joint laterally produced. Prothorax and mesothorax trans-

verse. Metathorax elongate; prascutum broader in front than behind, posterior edge with angular

projection; scuti widely separated; scutellum elongate, twice as long as praescutum, sides narrowing

toward front, but not becoming approximate; postlumbium very long; postscutellum elongate, apically

narrowly rounded, (Edeagus not strongly arcuate beneath at middle, slender, tube-like, not inflated,

bent at apical third at a right angle, apex abruptly acute.

Female unknown,

Type of genus. — 4. schwarzt, Pierce.

Geographical distribution of species. — Hosts unknown.

1. A. schwarzi, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 83 (1908); Bull. District of Columbia.

U.S. Nat. Mus. no 66, p. 152, pl. ro, ff. 3-6 (1909). — PI. 4,

Fig. 22.

2. SUBFAM. CRAWFORDINA,, PIERCE

Crawfordinze. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. g. p. 78 (1908); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

p. 152 (1909).

Characters. — Male. — Maxille three-jointed. Metathoracic scutellum posteriorly broadly

truncate, not pedunculate, postlumbium more than half as long as wide. Gideagus beginning as a

slender tube, then greatly inflated, bent at right angles, and produced as a very slender process.

Female. — Cephalothorax broad, trapezoidal, broadly truncate at apex

The subfamily includes only one genus, which is parasitic on bees of the family Panurgide.

1. GENUS CRAWFORDIA, PIERCE

Crawfordia. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 80 (1908); Bull U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

p. 153 (1909).

Characters. — Male. — Head and eyes normal. Mandibles lancet-shaped, slender, toothed near

tip, apically obliquely truncate; maxilla apparently three-jointed, third joint very large. Antenne four-

FAM. XENIDAs 23

jointed, sensitive, with third joint laterally produced. Prothorax and mesothorax transverse, the latter

twice as long as the former. Metathorax with prascutum much broader in front than behind, posterior

edge squarely truncate; scuti widely separated; scutellum longer than prascutum, sides sinuately

narrowing toward front, but not becoming approximate; postlumbium very long. Tarsi four-jointed.

CEdeagus beginning as a slender tube, then greatly inflated, bent at right angles, and produced as a

very slender process.

Female. — Cephalothorax broad, trapezoidal, prominent at spiracles, thence gently arcuate to

apex, which is broadly truncate. Mandibles rather widely separated, triangular, toothed.

Type of genus. — C. pulvinipes, Pierce.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of Panurgine bees of the genus

Panurginus.

1. C. cockerelli, Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus.no. 66, p.155, pl. 12, f. 8 (1909). New Mexico.

2. C. pulvinipes, Pierce. — Pl. 2, Fig. 4; Pl. 4, Fig. 23. Nebraska.

Xenos pulvinipes, Pierce, Nebraska University Studies, pp. 15-17, pl. 1,

ff. 1a-1f (1904).

C. pulvinipes, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus, no. 66, pp. 153-155, pl. 12,

f. 7; pl. 13, ff 4-7 (1909).

Parasites of Panurgine bees of the genus Pseudopanurgus :

3. C. labrost, Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 497 (1911). Illinois.

4. C. rudbeckiae, Pierce, ibidem, p. 497 (1911). Illinois.

3. SUBFAM. XENINA, PIERCE

Xeninze, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol.g,p.78(1908); Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no- 66, p. 116 (1909).

Gharacters, — Male. — Maxille two-jointed. Metathoracic scutellum pedunculate anteriorly,

postlumbium short and transverse. Gideagus inflated at basal angle, sharply angulate at apical third.

Female. — Cephalothorax with head not considerably narrower than metathorax at spiracles, and

laterally not extending back more than two-thirds of the distance to the spiracles. Four genital tubes

entering brood-canal.

The subfamily contains thirteen genera which can only be temporarily arranged until more is

known of them. This classification is necessarily unsatisfactory.

TABLE OF TRIBES AND GENERA

iain, IPUTUSES Of WOSMUGE 6 5 6 a 6 6 6 6 & 6 6 6 6 Jo Mitilonis Kisii, Piece.

2a. Males known; parasites of Polistes. Wings having eight

primary veins from base, the thivd anal sometimes indistinct,

vadius sometimes broken for a short distance, one detached

vein between vadius and medius, and one behind medius. . Genus XENOos, Rossi.

2b. Males unknown ; parasites of Vespa .

2c. Males unknown; parasites of Belonogaster .

tb. Parasites of Eumenidae. . . .

3a. Males known; parasites of Odynevus. Wings having eight

. Genus VESP4:XENOS, Pierce.

. Genus BELONOGASTECHTHUS, Pierce.

nb WwW N

. Tribus PsEuDOXENINI, Pierce.

primary veins from base, and with two detached veins

between vadius and medius . . . . . . . . +. J. Genus PsSEUDOXENOs, Saunders.

3b. Males unknown ; parasites of Monobia . Genus Monoprapuiza, Pierce.

24 STREPSIPTERA

RGMAOPASHESIOEAYNIGAE Ss 3 8) 6 ee ss 3] le) sg Oe Lribus PACHYTIXENING, nov. tmbolse

4a. Males known; parasites of Tachyles . . . . . » %. Genus TACHYTIXENOS, nov. genus.

MCMBEAYASIESNOJUSPREIAGE 2 3 & 2s 6 os + bo 4. Tribus OputrHatMocHiini, Pierce.

5a. Parasites of Sphex; wings having eight primary veins

from base, and with two detached veins between

vyadtus and medius, and one between medius and

GUUS ti ho) os eee 8 eee ee ee Genust® UPATHOCERA’ EieLces

5b. Parasites of Chlovion; wings having seven primary

veins from base, the third anal lacking, and with

two detached veins between vadius and medius, and

. Genus OrpHrHaLMocHLus, Pierce.

one between medius and cubitus

. Genus SCELIPHRONECHTHRUS, Pierce.

1es)

5c. Parasites of Sceliphron

NeameavasiesOj bembvecidae «4 2 « « » «. « = OD» Lribus PARAXENINI, Pierce:

6a. Parasites of Bembecinus. Wings with eight primary

veins from base, and with two detached veins

between radius and medius. . . . . . . +. Genus Paraxenos, Saunders.

I. TRisus XENINI, PIERCE

Xenides. Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 35 (1872).

Xenini. Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 116 (1909).

Characters. — Male. — Metathoracic prescutum keystone-shape, strongly convex in front;

scuti very narrowly separated by scutellum, but not locking it; postlumbium more than twice as wide as

long; postscutellum elongate, sides not parallel beyond middle, converging to a narrowly rounded apex.

Female. — Cephalothorax usually heavily pigmented at base, and not with lighter spot over

spiracles; cephalothorax at spiracles 1.17 to 1.46 times wider than head at base; head 3.36 to 4.68 times

wider than distance between mandibles.

The tribe is formed to contain the three genera parasitic on Vespide.

|. GENUS XENOS, Ross!

Xenos. Rossi, Fauna Etrusca, Mant. Ins. App. p. 114 (1790); Kirby, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. Vol. rr,

pp. 113-116 (1813); Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 37 (1872). ;

Xenus. Rye, Zool. Record, Vol. 10, p. 293 (1875).

Acroschismus. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 79 (1908).

Schistosiphon, Pierce, ibidem, p. 80 (1908).

Xenos. Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 116, 117 (1909).

Acroschismus. Pierce, ibidem, pp. 119-122 (1909).

Schistosiphon. Pierce, ibidem, pp. 132, 133 (1909).

Xenos. Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 497 (1911).

Characters. — Male. — Head transverse, eyes prominent, many-facetted. Mandibles slender,

sinuate, ensiform, apically acute: maxilla two-jointed, the second joint usually shorter than the first.

Antenne very sensitive, four-jointed, the third laterally produced, the flabelli of third and fourth

FAM. XENIDZ® 25

flattened. Prothorax and mesothorax transverse, arcuate anteriorly, roundly excavate posteriorly,

longest on lateral margins. Elytra about as long as width of thorax, club-shaped. Mesopleure bearing a

very distinct lobe protecting the entrance of the mesostigma. Metathorax elongate; prescutum rounded

in front, broadest at anterior third; scuti narrowly separated by scutellum; scutellum elongate triangular,

with sides sinuate and apex narrowly truncate; postlumbium transverse, of a different consistency from

the other parts; postscutellum elongate, sides converging from middle to rather narrowly rounded apex

Wings having eight primary veins from base, the third anal sometimes indistinct, radius sometimes

broken for a short distance, one detached vein between radius and medius and often one behind medius.

Coxe contiguous. Tarsi four-jointed, without claws. Gédeagus inflated and bent near base, becoming

tube-like, and sharply bent again before apex, which is acute, genital pore between last bend and apex,

on outer side.

Female. — Cephalothorax not as a rule abruptly narrowed behind stigmatal angle, elongate

trapezoidal, obtuse or truncate at apex. Stigmata seldom laterally prominent. Mouth ventral, with

mandibles on each side, rather broad and obtuse. Abdomen with four median genital tubes on second to

fiith segments.

Tyiungulinid. — Body oblong, slightly narrowing posteriad. First eight segments normal, ninth

greatly elongate, deeply emarginate for tenth, which is elongate and terminated by two stylet-bearing

lobes, contiguous at base.

Type of genus. — X. vesparum, Rossi.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of wasps of the genus Polistes.

1. X. aurifert, Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 498 (1911). California.

. X. bowditchi, Pierce. Massachusetts, Ohio.

Acroschismus bowditchi, Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p- 130, pl. 7,

i 25,6, 11; pl! (9, f. 1 (19090):

3. X. bruesi, Pierce. Michigan.

Acroschismus bruesi, Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 124, 125, pl. 5,

ff. 7,10, 11; pl. 9, f. 2 1909).

4. X. hubbardi, Pierce. Florida.

Acroschismus hubbardi, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 84 (1908);

Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 122-124, pl. 6, ff. 1-12; pl. 9, f. 3(1g09).

. X. huntert, Pierce. ; Texas.

Acroschismus hunteri, Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 130, 131,

pl. 7. f. 10, pl. 9, f. 4 (1909).

6. X. juvinet, Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 39 (1872). Switzerland.

X. vesparum, Jurine, Mem. Accad. Sc. Torino, Vol. 23, pp. 50-62, pl. 1

(1818).

X. jurinei, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p.118, 119, pl. 5, £.3(1909).

7. X. maximus, Pierce. Texas.

Acroschismus maximus, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 132, pl. 9,

f. 8 (1909).

8, X. nigrescens, Brues, Zool. Jahrb. Vol. 18, no. 2, p. 247 (1903). Texas.

Acroschismus nigrescens, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 125, 126

1909).

g. X. pallidus, Brues, Zool. Jahrb. Vol. 18, no. 2, p. 246, f. Bb (1903); Texas.

Biol. Bull. Vol. 8, no. 5, p. 295, f. 2 (1905). — PI. 4, Figs. |,

25 65 42

Acroschismus pallidus, Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 126, 127

(1909).

var. texensis, Pierce, ibidem, pp. 127, 128 (1909). Texas.

10. X. feckii, Kirby, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. Vol. 11, pp.116,117, pls.8,9 Massachusetts.

(1813).

Schistosiphon peckii, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 80 (1908);

Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no 66, p. 133, pl. 5, ff. 5, 6 (1909).

26 STREPSIPTERA

Il. X. pecosensis, Pierce. Texas:

Acroschismus pecosensis, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no, 66, p. 128, 129,

Ple7adte 3, 7.12; pl. 8. fH. 0, 45 pl.i9) f. 7/(r909)-

12. X. rubiginosi, Pierce. Louisiana.

Acroschismus rubigtnost, Pierce, Bull. U.S Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 132. pl.o,

f. 11 (1909)

13. X. texant, Pierce. Texas.

Acroschismus texani, Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 132, pl. 9,

f. g (1909).

. wheeleri, Pierce. Connecticut.

X. peckit, Brues, Zool. Jahrb. Vol. 18, no 2, ff. B a, C (1903).

Acroschismus wheelert, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 129, 130,

pl. 5, ff. 8, 9. 12, 13; pl. 9, f. 10 (1909).

15. X. vesparum, Rossi, Fauna Etrusca, Mant. App. p. 14 (1790). —Pl. I, Italy, Austria.

Fig. 6; Pl. 4, Fig. 24; Pl. 5, Figs. 14, 15.

X. rosstit, Kirby, Trans. Linn. Soc Lond. Vol. 11, p. 116 (1813).

X. vesparum, Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no 66, pp. 117, 118; text fig. 2

nos. 15-17; pl. 5, f. 4; pl. 7, ff. 4, 8, 13 (1909).

I4.

2. GENUS VESPAEXENOS, PIERCE

Vespzexenos. Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 133, 134 (1909).

Characters. — Male unsatisfactorily described.

Female. — Very large, similar in form to that of Xenos.

Triungulinid. — In general similar to that of Xenos.

Type of genus. — V/V. crabyonis, Pierce.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of wasps of the genus Vespa.

1. V. buyssont, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 134, 135 (1909). Annam.

Xenos moutont, Buysson, Rev, Ent. Caen, Vol. 25, p. 11 (1906).

2. V. crabroms, Pierce, Bull. U.S Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 134 (1909). Japan.

3. V. moutoni, Buysson, China,

Xenos moutont, Buysson, Bull Soc. Ent. Fr. p. 174 (1903).

V. moutoni, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 134 (1909).

3. GENUS BELONOGASTECHTHRUS, PIERCE

Belonogastechthrus. Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 498 (1911).

Characters. — Male unknown.

Female. — Very similar in form to Xenos.

Triungulinid. — Apically armed with four long stylets.

Type of genus. — B. zavattavi1, Pierce.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of wasps of the genus Belonogaster.

1. B zavattayu, Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 498 (1911). Congo Free State.

FAM. XENIDAZ 27

9. TRIBUS PSEUDOXENINI, PIERCE

Pseudoxenides. Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 40 (1872).

Pseudoxenini. Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 135 (1909).

Characters, — This tribe is merely a loosely formed grouping to contain the two genera of

odynerid parasites until they are more completely defined.

|. GENUS PSEUDOXENOS, SAUNDERS

Pseudoxenos. Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 44 (1872); Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

p- 135 (1909); Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 498 (1911).

Leionotoxenos. Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 137, 138 (1909).

Characters. — Male. — Head transverse, eyes prominent. Mandibles elongate. cuneiform;

maxilla with second joint longer than first. Wings having eight primary veins from base, and with two

detached veins between radius and medius. Tarsi four-jointed, without claws.

Female. — Cephalothorax broadly oval, unevenly rounded from base to apex, broadest behind

spiracles, angled at base of head, obtusely rounded at apex. Mandibles dentate, emarginate at apex.

Triumgulinid. — Head elongate. First eight abdominal segments short, but normal, ninth segment

elongate, as long as the three preceding, deeply emarginate for tenth; tenth segment hardly surpassing

the lateral prolongations of the ninth, apically provided with two contiguous stylet-bearing lobes.

Type of genus. — P. schaumii, Saunders.

Geographical distribution of specles. — Parasites of wasps of the genus Odynerus.

1. P. arvensidis, Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 499 (1911). Illinois.

2. P. corcyricus, Saunders. Corcyra.

Paraxenos corcyricus, Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 46 (1872).

Pseudoxenos corcyricus, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 137 (1909).

3. P. evynnidis, Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 499 (1911). Florida.

4. P. foraminati, Pierce, ibidem, p 499 (1911). Illinois.

5. P. fundati, Pierce, ibidem, p. 500 (1911). Illinois.

6. P. heydenit, Saunders. Epirus, Corcyra.

Xenos heydenti, Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. 2, p. 17, pl. 15,

ff. 15-24 (1853).

P. heydenti, Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 45 (1872); Pierce, Bull.

U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 137 (1909).

7. P. histrionis, Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 500 (191T). Florida.

8. P. hookeri, Pierce. Texas.

Letonotoxenos hookeri, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 139, text.

fig. 1; pl. 11, f. 2 (1909).

g. P. jonest, Pierce. Louisiana, Texas.

Leionotoxenos jonesi, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 138, pl. 11,

f. 3 (1909).

10. P. klugit, Saunders. Epirus.

Xenos klugii, Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. 2, p. 18, pl. 15,

f. 9-14 (1853).

P. klugit, Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 45 (1872); Pierce, Bull.

U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 136,137 (1909).

28 STREPSIPTERA

11. P. loutsianae, Pierce. Louisiana, Nebraska.

Leionotoxenos loutsianae, Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no, 66, p. 138, pl. 11,

f. 4 (1909).

12. P. pedestridis, Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 500 (1911). Illinois.

13. P. vobertsont, Pierce, ibidem, p. 5or (1911). Illinois.

14. P. schawmu, Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 44, pl. 7, f. 6-12 Corcyra.

(1872). — PI 5, Fig. 7.

P. schaumiz, Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 135, pl. 10, f. 2 (1909).

15. P. tigvidis, Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 5or (1911). Hlinois.

2. GENUS MONOBIAPHILA, PIERCE

Monobiaphila. Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 139 (19090).

Characters. — Male unknown.

Female. — Cephalothorax broader than long, constricted at base, broadest at spiracles, convex

from base to spiracles, slightly oblique, but very nearly straight from spiracles to base of head, at which

point there is a slight emargination, thence very oblique to mandibles, apex convex. Mandibles broad,

apically emarginate between the long curved tooth and the obtuse outer angle.

Triungulinid. — Similar to that of Psewdoxenos.

Type of genus. — M. bishoppi, Pierce.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of wasps of the genus Monobia.

1. M. bishoppi, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 139, 140; pl. 11, Texas.

f. 1 (1909). ‘ =

Sonn BUS a AOH Yor lo@e NaN, IN OWs ase BUS

Characters. — This tribe is like the others only established for convenience until all of the

genera in the Xeninz can be studied alike. It is to contain under this temporary arrangement the para-

sites of the Larridz.

|. GENUS TACHYTIXENOS, PieRCcE

Tachytixenos. Pierce, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 5or (1911).

Characters. — Male. — Head transverse, broadly produced over the antenne. Mandibles

curved, stout, ensiform, apically acute, maxill# two-jointed, the first joint stout subclavate, the second

longer, tapering, but not acute at apex. Eyes large, many-facetted. Antennz normally xeniform, rami

flattened. Prothorax transverse, slightly arched forward. Mesothorax shorter, emarginate by prascutum;

elytra slender, clavate. Metathoracic preescutum keystone-shape; scuti broad, angularly produced over

base of wings, narrowly separated by peduncle of scutellum; scutellum reaching preescutum in a pedun-

culate process which widens to the main body in a sinuate curve, posterior angles laterally produced,

posterior edge bisinuate ; postlumbium of different consistency from other parts, with both anterior and

posterior edges bisinuate; postscutellum broad, strongly convex. Wing venation light. Legs moderate,

posterior femora inflated behind. C2deagus with almost no curve beneath at base and with the first outer

bend very near base, reflexed at the apical fourth at about a right angle, apex very acute.

FAM. XENIDA® 29

Female. — Cephalothorax slightly constricted at base, wider than long, widest behind spiracles;

spiracles not laterally prominent, mandibles subquadrate, toothed on inner angle, sides convex, apex

sinuately convex.

Type of genus. — 7. indicus, Pierce.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of wasps of the genus Tachytes.

1. T. indicus, Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 502 (1911). — India.

P|. 4, Fig. 25.

A TWiRiswUS ORRPTRAEMOGRIEINT. PIERCE

Ophthalmochlini. Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 141 (1909).

Homilopinae. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. g, p. 80 (1908).

Characters. — This tribe is rather arbitrarily formed to include the genera parasitic on

Sphecidz, until a more logical classification can be devised.

1. GENUS EUPATHOCERA, PIERCE

Eupathocera. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 79 (1908); Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

p-.143 (1909).

Characters, — Male. — Head transverse, vertex medianly produced in a high ridge, on each

side of which arise the antenne. Mandibles flattened, scimitar-like; maxilla two-jointed. Antenne

typically xenid. Prothorax and mesothorax transverse. Metathorax elongate; prascutum subquadrate,

broadest at base, truncate at apex, scuti separated narrowly by apex of scutellum; scutellum triangular;

postlumbium very short, transverse and not differently colored or of different consistency from the other

parts. Wings with eight primary veins; with two detached veins between radius and medius and one

between medius and cubitus. C2deagus inflated and angulate near base, thence tapering to apical fourth,

at which point it is again bent at a right angle, and thence tapers to a very sharp point.

Female. — Cephalothorax widest behind spiracles, more or less evenly convex throughout:

spiracles dorsal; mandibles subquadrate with a large tooth on inner apical angle,

Triungilinid. — Similar to that of Pseudoxenos.

Type of genus. — E. lugubris, Pierce.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of wasps of the genus Sphex (Ammophila).

1. E. lugubris, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 83 (1908); Bull. Ohio.

U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 143, pl. 10, ff. 11, 12, 14 (1909). — Pl. 2,

Fig. 1; Pl. 4, Fig. 26.

2. E. pictipennidis, Pierce, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, pp.502,503(rg11). Illinois.

3. E. pruinosae, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 143, 144, pl. 11, Colorado.

f. 7 (1909).

4. E. sphecidavum, Dufour. France, Germany.

Xenos sphecidavum, Dufour, Ann. Sc. Nat. (2), Zool. Vol. 7, pp. 18, 19,

pl. 1, f. 16 (1837).

Paraxenos steboldit, Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 47 (1872).

E. sphecidavum, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9. p. 79 (1908).

. E. wulgaridis, Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 503 (1911). Illinois.

30 STREPSIPTERA

Parasites of wasps of the subgenus Psammophila :

6. E. luctuosae, Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 502 (1g11). Idaho, Colorado.

Parasites of wasps of the genus Miscus :

7. E. steboldii, Saunders. Germany.

Paraxenos sieboldii, Saunders, Trans. Ent Soc. Lond. p. 47 (1872).

E. steboldii, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 79 (1908).

2. GENUS OPHTHALMOCHLUS, PIERCE

Ophthalmochlus, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 79 (1908); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

Pp. 142 (1909).

Characters. — Male. — Head transverse; vertex medianly produced in a high ridge, on each

side of which arise the antenne. Mandibles very acute and curved near tip; maxille two-jointed.

Prothorax and mesothorax transverse. Metathorax elongate; prasscutum bisinuate at base, truncate at

apex, subquadrate ; scuti approximate for a short distance, making the scutellum distinctly pedunculate ;

scutellum triangular, pedunculate at each angle, sides convex; postlumbium transverse, of a different

texture and color from the surrounding parts; postscutellum elongate, convex, sides parallel, apex

convex. C£deagus similar to that of Eupathocera. Tarsi four-jointed, without claws.

Female. — Cephalothorax broader than long, margins irregularly convex, constricted at base,

rounded at apex. Mandibles oblique, acutely toothed on inner angle, emarginate between this and

prominently rounded outer angle.

Triungulinid. — Similar to that of Pseudoxenos.

Type of genus. — O. duryi, Pierce.

In order to facilitate the classification of the species the genus has arbitrarily been divided into

subgenera according to the host habits.

|. SugGENUS OPHTHALMOCHLUS, Nov. SUBGEN.

Type of subgenus. — O. duryi, Pierce.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of wasps of the genus Chlorion, subgenus

Priononyx.

1. O. duryi, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 83 (tg08); Bull. U.S. Ohio.

Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 142, 143; pl. 10, ff. 7, 8, 13 (1g09). — PI. 2,

ifs 753 (lle 55 letiees 27/6

2. SuBGENUS HOMILOPS, PilERcE

Homilops. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 80 (1908); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 145, 146

(1909).

This subgenus was erected asa genus because of Templeton’s attributing three-jointed maxille

to his species. It is now believed best to consider it merely as a convenience group.

Type of subgenus. — O. westwoodii, Templeton.

FAM. XENIDA® 31

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of wasps of the genus Chlorion, subgenus

Proterosphex.

2. O. abbotti (Homilops). Pierce, Bull.U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 147 (1909). Siam.

3. O. ashmeadi(Homilops), Pierce, ibidem, pp. 146, 147, pl. 11, f. 8 (1909). Santo Domingo.

4. O. bishoppt (Homilops), Pierce, ibidem, p. 146, pl. 11, f. 6 (1909). Texas.

5. O. westwood:, Templeton. Brazil.

Xenos westwoodt, Templeton, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. Vol. 3, pp. 51 56;

pl. 4, ff. A-E (1838).

Homilops westwoodi, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 146; pl. 10,

ff. g, 10 (1909).

3. SusGenus ISODONTIPHILA, Nov. SUBGEN.

Type of subgenus. — O. auripedis, Pierce.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of wasps of the genus Chlovion, subgenus

Tsodontia.

6. O. auripedis, Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 503 (1911). Pennsylvania, Maryland.

3. GENUS SCELIPHRONECHTHRUS, PIERCE

Sceliphronechthrus. Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 141 (1909).

Characters. — Female. — Cephalothorax slightly contricted at base, thence obliquely widening

to widest point, just behind the spiracles, which are lateral, but hardly prominent, thence sinuately

convex to apex; mandibles dentate on inner apical angle.

Type of genus, — S. fasczali, Pierce.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of wasps of the genus Sceliphron.

1. S. fasciatx, Pierce. Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 142 (1909). Santo Domingo.

5. TRIBUS PARAXENINI, PIERCE

Paraxenini. Pierce. Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 140 (1909).

Characters. — A temporary tribe to include a genus of parasites of the Bembecide.

1. GENUS PARAXENOS, SAUNDERS

Paraxenos. Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. pp. 45, 46, pl. 7, ff. 5, 13-15 (1872); Pierce, Bull.

U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. r4o. pl. ro, f. 1 (1909).

Characters. — Male. — Head transverse. Mandibles broader at base, arcuate; maxille with

basal joint stout, arcuate; palpus cylindrical. Antenne typically xenid. Wings with eight primary veins

from base, and with two detached veins between radius and medius. Tarsi four-jointed, without claws.

Type of genus. — P. evberi, Saunders.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of wasps of the genus Bembecinus.

t. P. evbeyt, Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 46, pl. 7, ff. 5, 13-15 Coreyra.

(1872). — Pl. 5, Fig. 8.

P. erberi, Pierce. Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 141, pl. 10, f. 1 (1909).

SUPERFAM. STICHOTREMATOIDEA

Stichotrematoidea. Hofeneder, Zool. Anzeig. Vol. 36, p. 49 (1910).

Characters. — Male unknown.

Female. — Genital pores arranged in three transverse series of twelve to fourteen each.

FAM. STICHOTREMATIDA

Stichotrematidze. Hofeneder, Zool. Anzeig. Vol. 36, p. 49 (1910).

Characters. — Male unknown.

Female. — As described above.

Triungulinid. — Similar to that of preceding and following families.

|. GENUS STICHOTREMA, HOFENEDER

Stichotrema, Hofeneder, Zool. Anzeig. Vol. 36, pp. 47-49 (1910).

Characters. — Male unknown.

Female, — Dorsum outward. Genital canals arranged in three parallel rows on the first or second

abdominal segment, with twelve to fourteen in each row. Cephalothorax with lateral projection behind

the spiracles. Head with two small projections, probably rudimentary maxille.

Type of genus, — S. dallatorveanum, Hofeneder.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of grasshoppers of the genus Sexava.

1. S. dallatorveanum, Hofeneder, Zool. Anzeig. Vol. 36, pp. 47-49, fig. (1910). Admiralty Islands.

S. dallatorreanum, Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 504 (1911).

SUPERFAM. HALICTOPHAGOIDEA

Halictophagoidea. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 76 (1908); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

Pp- 135 (1g09).

Characters. — Male. — Tarsi with three joints.

Female. — Head with apical tubercles; spiracles not usually discernible, never prominent.

The superfamily contains two families parasitic on the Tetigonide.

TABLE OF FAMILIES

1a. Male antennae four-jointed, with the flabellum of the third, and the fourth

OUniClongate SUDEGUale yw) eee 1. Fam. Diozoceripz, Pierce.

tb. Male antennae seven-jointed, with the third, fourth, fifth and sixth joints

laterally produced and the seventh elongate . . . . . . . . 2. Fam. HarictorHacips, Pierce.

FAM. DIOZOCERID

Dioxoceridae. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 76 (1908); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

Pp. 163 (1909).

Diozoceridze. Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 504 (1911).

Characters. — Male. — Antenne four-jointed, as in Xenide. Tarsi three-jointed.

1. GENUS DIOZOCERA, PIERCE

Dioxocera. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. g, p. 81 (1908) (typographical error); Bull. U.S. Nat.

Mus. no. 66, p. 163 (1900).

Diozocera. Pierce, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 504 (1911) (application made to International

Commission of Nomenclature for authority to emend).

Characters. — Male. — Head transverse. Antenne four-jointed, xeniform. Prothorax and

mesothorax transverse. Metathorax elongate; prescutum elongate, once and a half as long as wide at

separated by prescutum and scutellum;

base, sides converging apically, apex rounded; scuti long,

scutellum subtriangular, apically broadly convexly truncate, basal angles prolonged; postlumbium

34 STREPSIPTERA

elliptic, of different texture from the other parts; postscutellum elongate, sides parallel, convex,

apically rounded. Tarsi three-jointed.

Female. — Cephalothorax subquadrate, with sides rounded; mandibles apical and prominent,

mouth opening subapical; transverse slit behind the middle, straight in median half, but deeply

retreating at sides.

Type of genus. — D. isularum, Pierce.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of leaf-hoppers of the genus Nevophloea.

1. D. insularum, Pierce. — Pl. 2, Fig. 5; Pl. 4, Fig. 37. Isl. Grenada, St. Vincent.

Dioxocera insularum, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 81 (1908);

Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 164, text fig. 3, nos. 11a, 11b, 12;

pl. 14, ff. 9, 10 (1909).

Diozocera insularum, Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 504 (1911).

FAM. HALICTOPHAGIDé

Halictophaginze. Perkins, Rep. Exp. Stat. Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Assoc. Bull. 1, Pt. 3, p.gg(1905).

Halictophagidee. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9; p. 76 (1908); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

Pp. 155 (1909).

Characters. — Male. — Antenne seven-jointed, with the third, fourth, fifth and sixth joints

laterally produced, and seventh elongate; tarsi three-jointed.

Female. — Tubercles of head apical.

TABLE OF SUBFAMILIES

Prothovax visible only on notum and sternum; wings with six

oy seven primary ves. . . . . . . =. =. . . . I. Subfam. ANTHERICOMMINA, nov. subfam.

Prothovax band-like, not interrupted; wings with seven primary

WHS. 2c o 6 5s 6 6 8 o 8 6 os 0 6) 6 oo Bo Suiloiaim, laLnicmorencinas IPerkims.

|. SUBFAM. ANTHERICOMMINZAE, NOV. SUBFAM.

Characters. — Male. — Prothorax visible only on notum and sternum. Wings with six or seven

primary veins. i

So far as known this subfamily 1s parasitic on Tetigoniude.

TABLE OF GENERA (Mates)

ta. Praescutum elongate, oblong, several times longer than scutellum and

POSITTTHMTE UI 6 3 3 | hy GOnwis Aisinsiorc OMA, PIERS.

tb. Praesculum but little longer than scutellum and postlumbium together.

2a. Scutellum transverse, very broadly convex in front. . . . . 2. Genus PENTACLADOCERA, Pierce.

2b. Scutellum as long as wide, with exception of postero-lateral prolon-

gations.

3a. Scutellum narrowly lobate in front, very narrowly separated

from pracscutum ; oedeagus slender, inflated at base and

strongly arched, thence becoming very slender and at apex

LEAGUE MNCICKed i i aaa esd Genisninm NitOZOn mENeLCes

3b. Scutellum convex, not lobate in front, more widely separated

From praescutum, oedeagus slender, not greatly enlarged

at base and obtusely angulate, but acutely angulate atapex. 5. Genus PENTOZOCERA, Pierce.

36 STREPSIPTERA

TABLE OF GENERA (FeEmates)

ta. Head subtruncate at apex, transverse slit very broad, culting a deep

three-stded emargination inthe head . . . . . . . . . 3, Genus AGALLIAPHAGUS, Pierce.

tb. Tvansverse slit narrow; thorax shorter than head, rather suddenly

narrowed to base; sidesof head oblique. . . . . . . . . 5. Genus Pentrozocera, Prerce.

1. GENUS ANTHERICOMMA, PleRCE

Anthericomma. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 81 (1908); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

p. 162 (1909).

Characters. — Male. — Head transvere, closely and coarsely punctate, eyes many facetted.

Mandibles very short, pubescent; maxillee cylindrical two-jointed, the second longer. Antenne seven-

jointed, the prolongations of the last five joints flattened, foliaceous, of graduated length, the apical

being shortest. Pronotum obovate, disk-like, not connected externally with the prosternum, projecting

about equally into emarginations of the head and mesonotum. Mesonotum very deeply emarginate for

reception of pronotum, but laterally reaching head; basal margin straight. Elytra rather short. Meta-

thorax with preescutum oblong, slightly widest at base, truncate at apex; scuti narrowly elongate, not

longer than prescutum ; scutellum very short, base convex, apex truncate, sides concave; postlumbium

transverse, very short; postscutellum very long. Wings as in Neocholax, but lacking both cubitus and

third anal. Prosternum a mere rounded, oblong disk; propleure lacking. Anterior coxe and trochanters

contiguous; middle coxe separated.

Female unknown.

Type of genus. — 4A. bariervi, Pierce

Geographical distribution of species. — Hosts unknown.

1. A. barber, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p.84 (1908); Bull.U.S. New Mexico.

Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 162, 163; text fig. 3, nos. 13,14; pl. 14, ff. 5-8

(1909). — Pl. 3, Fig. 1; Pl. 4, Fig. 38.

2. GENUS PENTACLADOCERA, PIERCE

Pentacladocera. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 80 (1908); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

Pp. 157 (1909).

Characters, — Male. — Head short and transverse. Mandibles very short and stout, abruptly

acute at apex, not reaching each other; maxille with first joint extremely slender and second more than

twice as long and largest beyond middle, apically acute. Antenne seven-jointed, the third to sixth joints

laterally produced, but the branches not compressed at base, seventh joint thin and lamellate. Prothorax

causing deep emargination of head, not visible at sides. Mesothorax transverse. Metathorax with

prescutum elongate, subtriangular, broadest in front, narrowly rounded behind; scuti oblique, narrowly

separated; scutellum transverse, with all sides sinuate; postlumbium transverse, subquadrate, shorter

than scutellum, not differently colored; postscutellum a little longer than all the preceding parts. Wings

with seven primary veins from base, radius meeting costal margin beyond middle, medius unbroken, an

FAM. HALICTOPRAAGI DAT 37

indistinct distal vein behind the apex of radius and a distinct detached vein in front of medius, cubitus

lacking. Tarsi as in Pentozocera. GEdeagus similar to that of Pentozocera.

Female unknown.

Type of genus. — P. schwarsu, Perkins.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of leafhoppers of the genus Agallia.

i. P. schwarz, Perkins. — Pl. 3; Fig. 2; Pl- 6, Fig. 13. New South Wales.

Halictophagus (2) schwarzti, Perkins, Rep. Exp. Stat. Hawaiian Sugar Plan- 5

ters’ Ass. Bull. 1, Pt. 3, pp. 104, 105, pl. 1, ff. 2, 7; pl. 2, f. 2 (1905). Lee

P. schwarzit, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 80 (1908); Bull.

U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 157, pl. 13, ff. 13, 14 (1909).

3 GENUS AGALLIAPHAGUS, PIERCE

Agalliaphagus. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 83 (1g08); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

pp. 159, 160 (1909).

Characters. — Male unknown.

Female. — Cephalothorax suboblong, the anterior median area distinct in apical view, but gene-

rally hardly visible in surface view, owing to its position on the apex of the head, which is bent at an

angle to the outer surface, tuberculate on either side of this area; the whole disk of the head deeply

impressed so as to form a great cavity leading into the opening of the brood-chamber.

Type of genus. — 4. americanus, Perkins.

Geographical distribution of species, — Parasites of leafhoppers of the genus Agallia.

1. A. americanus, Perkins. — PI. 4, Fig. Bo Ohio.

Halictophagus (?) americanus, Perkins, Rep. Exp. Stat. Hawaiian Sugar

Planters’ Assoc. Bull. 1, Pt. 3, p. 105, pl. 3, f. 6 (1905).

A. americanus, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 83 (1908); Bull.

U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 160 (1909).

4. GENUS PENTOZOE, PIERCE

Pentozoe. Pierce, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40. p. 505 (1911).

Characters. — Male. — Head excavated behind, produced over antenne. Eyes many facetted.

Antenne with flabelli short, flat and broad. Mandibles short and acute, slightly passing each other;

maxillz long, second joint long. Prothorax and mesothorax arched far forward into head, the former

appearing only as a disk. Elytra moderately long. Praescutum elongate triangular. narrowly truncate

by scutellum; scuti quadrate, diagonal, approximate at apex of prescutum, not reaching to lateral

processes of scutellum; scutellum with median anterior lobe separating scuti, behind which it is more

or less quadrate with postero-lateral prolongations; postlumbium of different consistency from the other

parts, and almost as long as the scutellum; postscutellum conyex, broad and about as long as preesscutum

and scutellum together. Wings with seven primary veins, the costa and subcosta strong, the area

between these and medius darkened; a very wide detached vein arising just beyond the darkened area:

medius extending to margin with long detached branch in front of it; the two anal veins straight. Legs

normal; tarsi three-jointed. Ninth abdominal segment elongate ; cedeagus slender, inflated at basal third

and strongly arched, thence very slender and at apical fourth bent back in an acute angle.

STREPSIPTERA

oa)

Female. — Cephalothorax quadrate, bi-emarginate at apex, with the lobe thus formed very

prominent; mandibles oblique and strongly toothed; spiracles subbasal, but not prominent.

Type of genus. — P. feradeniya, Pierce.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of leafhoppers of the genus Thompsoniella.

1. P. pervadentya Pierce, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 40, p. 505 (1911). — Ceylon.

Pl. 3, Fig. 3; Pl. 4, Fig. 40.

5. GENUS PENTOZOCERA, PIERCE

Bruesia. Perkins, Rep. Exp. Stat. Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Ass. Bull. 1, Pt. 3, p. 102 (1905) (preoc-

cupied).

Pentoxocera. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. g, p. 80 (1908) (typographical error); Bull. U.S.

Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 157, 158 (1909).

Pentozocera. Pierce, Pfoc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 4o, p. 504 (1911) (emendation).

Characters. — Male. — Head very deeply concave behind, seen from above consisting only

of a narrow rim supporting the eyes and produced considerably in front of these to form the tip of the

blunt and wide frontal projection, at the sides of which the antenne are inserted. Mandibles very short,

not reaching one another; maxille with first joint slender, enlarged toward apex, second joint foliaceous,

pilose, almost half as wide as long. Antenne seven-jointed, with the two basal joints simple, the

following excessively short, being produced laterally into an elongate and thin lamina, the first and last

of these laminee being larger than the others and capable of enclosing them in fan-like fashion.

Pronotum quadrate, cut off at sides by head; mesonotum also deeply immersed within the posterior

cavity of the head. Elytra moderately long. Metanotum with prescutum long and broad, broadest at

base, truncate at tip; scuti narrow and elongate; scutellum subtriangular, with strongly sinuate sides

and rounded apex; postlumbium very short; postscutellum long. Wings with radial vein meeting the

costal margin beyond the middle, a detached vein behind radius and one in front of medius, also a

narrowly detached branch behind medius. Tarsi three-jointed, the first joint of different form from the

next two; claws absent. CEdeagus strongly bent, the under side being twice bent and the upper thrice;

the last bend being a very strong reflexion at apical fourth; apex very acute.

Female. — Head distinctly rounded on sides, with a distinct anterior median area marked out,

and slightly produced, tuberculate on either side of this area in front. The opening of the brood-canal

is behind the middle of the exposed part of the cephalothorax and the surface between this opening

and the apex is subconvex.

Type of genus — P. australensis, Perkins.

Geographical distribution of species. — Only one species is typical, the others probably

representing distinct genera, but placed here until they are better known.

Parasites of leafhoppers of the genus Tetigonia :

1. P. austvalensis, Perkins. — Pl. 3, Fig. 4; Pl. 4, Figs. 3,10, 14, 28. Queensland.

Halictophagus (Bruesia) australensis, Perkins, Rep. Exp. Stat. Hawaiian

Sugar Planters’ Ass; Bull, 1, Pt. 3) p. 103; pl. 1, ff. 3, 55 pli 2,

fie G oes spl. Sy tt.10, Q)iplang, fh. x, 2) (rg05).

Pentoxocera australensis, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol.g,p. 81 (1908) ;

Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no 66, p. 158, pl. 13, ff. 8-12 (1909).

FAM. HALICTOPHAGIDZ# 39

Parasites of leafhoppers of the genus Hecalus :

2. P. phaeodes Perkins. Oueensland.

Halictophagus (Bruesia) phacodes, Perkins, Rep. Exp. Stat. Hawaiian Sugar

Planters’ Ass. Bull. 1, Pt. 3, p. 103, pl. 3, f. 3 (1905).

Pentoxocera phacodes, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. p. 81 (1908); Bull.

U.S. Nat. Mus. p. 159 (1909).

Parasites of leafhoppers of the genus Paradorydium :

3. P. stenodes, Perkins. Queensland.

Halictophagus (Bruesta) stenodes, Perkins, Rep. Exp. Stat. Hawaiian Sugar

Planters’ Ass. Bull. 1, Pt. 3, p. 104, pl. 3. f. 2 (1905).

Pentoxocera stenodes, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. p. 81 (1908); Bull.

U.S. Nat. Mus. p. 159 (1909).

Parasites of leafhoppers of the genus Diedvocephala :

4. P. schwarz, Pierce. Guatemala.

Pentoxocera schwarzt, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 159, pl. 14,

f. 11 (1909).

2. SUBFAM. HALICTOPHAGINA, PERKINS

Halictophaginee. Perkins, Rep. Exp. Stat. Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Ass. Bull. 1, Pt. 3, p. gg (1905).

Characters. — Male. — Prothorax banktlike, not interrupted, either straight or arched

forward. Wings with seven primary veins.

As far as known, this subfamily is parasitic on Fulgoride.

TABLE OF GENERA (Ma tgs)

ta. Pyrothovax simple, not ached forward; wings with two distal detached

veins between the vadius and medius, cubitus lacking; medius

broken, ov with detached vein commencing just before the apex on

SECS Car eh nn ert ey een Geni Sw EbAnIGhORHAGUSmlbaler

1b. Prothovax and mesothorax arched forward, fitting into excavation of

head; oedeagus slender, basally arcuate, apically -veflexed at a

vight angle and tapering to a point. Wings with seven primary

veins ; a short detached vein behind vadius, medius with detached

(MEALS Op JOE CHUL WOH 5 5 5 3 5 5 oe 6 oo 4 ]«6Ay GENS INDOCHOMA, IPusKaS.

TABLE OF GENERA (FEmALEs)

ta. Tvansverse slit on cephalothorax narrow; thorax longer than head,

gradually navrowed to base; side of head convex. . . . . . 3. Genus MEGALECHTHRUS, Perkins.

|. GENUS HALICTOPHAGUS, DALE

Halictophagus. Dale, in Curtis, Brit. Ent. pl. 433 (1832); Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

p. 156 (1909).

Characters.

facetted. Antennz seven-jointed, the third to sixth laterally produced, and the seventh subequalling

Male. — Head broader than thorax, eyes very remote, prominent and coarsely

40 STREPSIPTERA

the flabellum of the sixth. Prothorax and mesothorax short and simple; metathoracic prascutum and

scuti subequal; scutellum short and rounded; postlumbium deeply concave; postscutellum very long

and thick. Wings with seven primary veins, and a very short vein beyond the radius, another detached,

but apparently arising from the medius, and a short vein arising just behind the medius. Tarsi three-

jointed, without claws.

Female unknown.

Type of genus. — H. curtisii, Dale.

Geographical distribution of species. — Hosts unknown.

1. H. curtisii, Dale, in Curtis, Brit. Ent. p. 433 (1832). — Pl. 5, Fig. 6. England.

H, curtisii, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 156 (1909).

2. GENUS NEOCHOLAX, PIERCE

Neocholax. Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 160, 161 (1909).

Characters. — Head transverse. Mandibles short and acute, not reaching one another;

maxillz with first joint short, cylindrical, obliquely truncate at apex; second joint three times as long,

stout, tapering, sensitive. Antennze seven-jointed, similar to those of Pentacladocera. Pronotum and

mesonotum arcuate, anteriorly fitting into excavation of head. Wings having radial vein meeting the

costal margin beyond middle, medius basally united with radius for a short distance, a short detached

vein behind radius, medius with narrowly detached branches in front and behind. Gideagus slender,

basally arcuate, apically reflexed at a right angle and tapering to a point.

Female. — Cephalothorax scarcely broader than long, with sides rounded, head convex.

Triungulinid, — Eight abdominal segments simple, ninth elongate, enclosing tenth, tenth bearing

two very long bristles; each ventral segment bearing on its apical margin three short hairs arranged in

longitudinal rows; venter of ninth segment with three pairs of bristles, of which the middle pair are

shortest, the next longer, and the outer pair stiil longer.

Type of genus. — JN. jacobsoni, Meijere.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of fulgorid leafhoppers.

1. NV. jacobsoni, Meijere. — Pl. 4, Fig. 29; Pl. 5, Figs. 10-13. Java.

Halictopnagus jacobsoni, Meijere, Tijdschr. v. Ent. Vol. 51, p. 186, pl. 6,

ff, 1-7 (1908).

N.jacobsoni, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 161, pl. 14,

ff, t-4 (1909).

3. GENUS MEGALECHTHRUS, PERKINS

Megalechthrus, Perkins, Rep. Exp. Stat. Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Ass. Bull. 1, Pt. 3, p. 105 (1905);

Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 160 (1909).

Characters. — Male. — Antenne seven-jointed, the last five being foliaceous.

FAM. HALICTOPHAGID-£ 41

Female. — Cephalothorax ovate, moderately elongate, the opening of the brood-canal near or in

front of the middle. the small anterior median area distinct, a little produced in front, and tuberculate

on either side of this area in front.

Type of genus. — W. tryout, Perkins.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of fulgorid leafhoppers of the genus

Platybrachys (2).

1. M. tryont, Perkins, Rep. Exp. Stat. Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Ass. Bull.1, Queensland.

Pee ps toon pla sai) (ge):

M. iryoni, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 160 (1909).

SUPERFAM. ELENCHOIDEA

Elenchoidea. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 76 (tg08); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

p. 164 (1909).

Characters. — Male. — Tarsi two-jointed.

Female. — Tubercles of head more or less obsolete, ventral. Only three genital tubes entering

brood-canal. Metathoracic spiracles not usually discernible, never prominent.

FAM. ELENCHID&@

Homopterobize. Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 48 (1872).

Elenchinze. Perkins, Rep. Exp. Stat. Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Ass, Bull. 1, Pt. 3, p. 99 (1905).

Elenchidze. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 77 (1908); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

pp. 164, 165 (1909).

Characters. — Male. — Antenne five-jointed, the third laterally produced, the fourth and fifth

elongate. Tarsi two-jointed.

Female. — Same characterization as for superfamily.

TABLE OF GENERA (MALEs)

1a, Mouth parts consisting of mandibles and two-jointed maxillae.

2a. Species large; first antennal joint elongate, second very short and

transverse; frontal process not prominent; oral cavity broad,

SEMICUNGULAV MIDS Gl Gn. We we . . . t. Genus DEINELENCHUS, Perkins.

2b. Species small; first two antennal joints subequal; frontal process

prominent ; oval cavity triangular ; wings having five primary

veins from base, with one distal detached vein between the radius

and medius, and two brief basal veins representing the cubitus

and first anal,

tb. Mouth parts consisting of mandibles, and two-jointed maxillae, bearing

on the first joint an elongate, knobbed, linear, chilinous filament ;

. Genus ELENcHUus, Curtis.

species small, oval cavity triangular ; wings as in Elenchus, but

without traces at base of cubitus and firstanal . . . . . . 3. Genus MecyNoceEra, Pierce.

1c. Adult male unknown ; described from pupavium. . . . . . . 6. Genus Coracina, Westwood.

BAM. EE BNCHIDAS 43

TABLE OF GENERA (FeEmateEs)

ta. Mandibles not evident.

2a. Opening of brood-canal a narrow transverse slit; cephalothorax

OUNCE a ne oe ne eee een CrenuSeD) EINE EEN GHU SH Cukinse

2b. Opening of brood-canal broad, with a narrow curtain overhanging

wt at base.

3a. Opening of brood-canal very broad, deeply cutting a rounded

emargination mito thorax . . . . . . . . . 3. Genus MEcyNocERA, Pierce.

3b. Opening of brood-canal semicircular; spiracles visible at

sides of the base of the head; cephalothorax broadly

covdiform. 2 her 4. Genus ELENCHOIDES, Pierce.

tb. Mandibles elongate oblique, obtuse; cephalothovax subquadrate;

. Genus PENTAGRAMMAPHILA, Pierce.

spiracles not prominent

1. GENUS DEINELENCHUS, PIERCE

Deinelenchus. Perkins, Rep. Exp. St. Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Ass. Bull. 1, Pt. 3, pp. 107, 108

(1905); Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 170 (1909).

Characters. — Male. — Head transverse, frontal process blunt, and not very prominent. Oral

cavity broad, semicircular. Maxillz two-jointed, sparsely pilose, the second joint narrower than the

first and in the form of a curved blade. Antenne five-jointed, first joint elongate, second very short and

transverse, third long before its branch. Prothorax and mesothorax straight. Metathoracic prescutum

elongate triangular, sides sinuate, apex rounded; scuti narrowly separated by prescutum; scutellum

transverse, with all sides sinuate; postlumbium transverse, of different consistency from the other parts;

postscutellum equalling the remainder of the metathorax in length. Tarsi two-jointed.

Female. — Cephalothorax nearly circular, very wide, the anterior margin simply and widely

rounded, with no defined anterior median area, and without evident tubercles in front. Mandibles not

evident. Between the opening of the brood-canal and the anterior margin there are two distinct areas

marked out by impressed lines, which run backward to the opening of the brood-canal, as deep grooves

on either side of a smooth slightly raised tubercle. Opening of brood-canal a narrow transverse slit.

Type of genus. — D. australensis, Perkins.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of leafhoppers of the genus Platybrachys.

1. D. austyalensis, Perkins, Rep. Exp. Stat. Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Ass. Queensland.

Bull. 1, Pt. 3, pp. 107-109, pl. 3, f. 3.— PI. 3, Fig. 6; Pl. 4, Fig. 7.

D. australensis, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,-p. 170 (1909).

2. GENUS ELENCHUS, Curtis

Elenchus. Curtis, Brit. Ent. Vol. 8, p. 385 (1831); Pierce, Bull.U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 165 (1909).

Characters. — Male. — Head transverse, frontal process prominent. Antenne five-jointed,

first two antennal joints subequal, third laterally produced as a long flat appendage, fourth elongate

flattened, fifth twice as long as fourth and exceeding apex of third. Prothorax short, mesothorax longer.

Metathoracic scutellum small, postscutellum elongate. Wings having five primary veins from base, with

44 STREPSIPT ERA

one distal detached vein between the radius and medius, and two bricf basal veins representing the

cubitus and first anal. Tarsi two-jointed.

Female unknown.

Type of genus, — FE. walkert, Curtis.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of leafhoppers, probably of the genus

Liburmia (E. tenwicornis is known to be).

1. E. melamas, Perkins, Fauna Hawaii. Vol. 3, Pt. 6 (Dec. 17, 1910). Oahu, Hawaii.

var. silvestris, Perkins, ibidem (1910), Oahu, Hawaii.

iS}

. E. templetonit, Westwood, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. Vol. 1, pp. 173,174, Mauritius.

ply 17,4. 15 (1835). — Pl. 5, Fig. 4.

E. tenuicornis, Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 166, 167, pl. 17

f. 1 (1909).

3. E. tenuicornis, Kirby. England.

Stylops tenutcornis, Kirby, Trans, Linn. Soc. Lond. Vol. 11, Pt. 2, pp. 233,

234 (1815).

E, tenuicornis, Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 32 (1872); Pierce,

Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p 166 (1909).

4. E. walkert, Curtis. England, Ireland.

Stylops walkert, Curtis, Guide Arrang. Insects, p. 452 (1829).

E. walkeri, Curtis, Brit. Ent. Vol. 8, p. 385 (1831); Pierce, Bull. U.S. Nat.

Mus. pp. 156, 157 (1909).

3. GENUS MECYNOCERA, PIERCE

Mecynocera. Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. g, p. 81 (1908); Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66,

p. 168 (1g09).

Characters. — Male. — Head transverse. Eyes with comparatively few hairs, and ommatidia

close. Mandibles short, stout, acute; maxilla two-jointed, with a chitinous, knobbed filament from the

middle of the first joint. Antenne five-jointed, the first two joints cylindrical; first shorter than second;

third short, laterally produced in a very long sensitive flabellum; fourth and fifth elongate, the latter

surpassing the flabellum of the third by one-half its own length. Prothorax narrow, transverse; meso-

thorax longer; elytra long and slender and enlarged paddle-shape at apex. Metathorax with preescutum

elongate goblet-shaped, convexly rounded in front, sides concave, converging to a peduncle, then

suddenly widened behind scuti as the base of a goblet, apically truncate; scuti elongate suboblong;

scutellum transverse, broadly truncate in front, posterior angles laterally produced, convexly rounded at

apex; postlumbium subcrescent shape, of different consistency from the remaining parts; postscutellum

broad, pubescent, convex. Wings with five primary veins, with a short detached vein between radius

and medius. Tarsi two-jointed. Gideagus cylindrical, slightly bent at middle, thence tapering to acute

apex, not reflexed near apex.

Female. — Cephalothorax without sign of mandibles; opening of brood-canal very broad, deeply

cutting a rounded emargination into thorax, with a narrow curtain overhanging it at base.

Type of genus. — M. hoebelei, Pierce.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of leafhoppers of the genus Leburnia.

t. M. hoebelei, Pierce, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. g,p. 8r(1908).—PIl. 3, Ohio.

Fig. 5; Pl. 4, Figs. 4, 6,15, 30, 39, 43.

Elenchus tenuicornis, Perkins, Rep. Exp. Stat. Hawaiian Sugar Planters’

ASS Bill metes spp LOO, Or splemedt.| (Oo) tos ple2.et.l3-6 marines

pl. 3, f. 4 (1905).

M. koebelei, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, pp. 168, 169; text fig. 3,

nos, 15, 16; pl. 15, ff. 2-5 (1909).

FAM. ELENCHID/E 45

4. GENUS ELENCHOIDES, PIERCE

Elenchoides. Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 167 (1909).

Characters. — Female. — Three genital tubes enter brood-canal. Cephalothorax broadly cordi-

form. Opening of brood-canal semicircular, with a narrow curtain extending forward. Spiracles present

at sides of the base of the head. The single pair of lobes are approximate, but not contiguous.

Type of genus. — E. ferkinsi. Pierce.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of leafhoppers of the genus Perhinsiella.

1. E. perkinsi, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus.no. 66, p. 167, pl.15,£.6(1909). Fiji.

Pl. 4, Fig. II.

Elenchus tenuicornis, Muir, Rep. Exp. St. Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Ass.

Bull. 2, pp. 6-9, pl. 1 (1906).

5. GENUS PENTAGRAMMAPHILA, PIERCE

Pentagrammaphila. Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 169 (1909).

Characters. — Female. — Cephalothorax subquadrate; spiracles at basal angles not prominent;

apex truncate, with rounded lobe in front of mouth; mandibles elongate, oblique, obtuse.

Type of genus. — P. whleri Pierce.

Geographical distribution of species. — Parasites of leafhoppers oi the genus Pentagramma.

1. P. uhlert, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 169 (1909). Dacota.

6. GENUS COLACINA, WesSTWooD

Colacina. Westwood, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. pp. 185-187 (1877).

Characters. — The genus is only known from the cephalotheca of the male puparium, which

however is very distinctly different from that of other genera. Careful descriptions of this cephalotheca

have been given by the present writer in all cases where it is known.

Type of genus. — C. wisidiator, Westwood.

Geographical distribution of species, — Parasites of fulgorid leafhoppers of the genus Efora.

1. C. msidiatoy, Westwood, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. pp. 185-187, figs. (1877). Sarawak, Bomeo.

— Pile 5) Bigs) O-

C. insidiator, Pierce, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 66, p. 171, pl. 15, f. 7 (1909),

46 SLREPSIP TERA

CHECK-LIST OF GENERA

TeSUpenam- VMiENIGEOIDIEA, Pierce . > . - 5 . . 4 . pe 8

ip ene, WI@KIGIGICIESS IbieiRetS(G9) 6 895 5 6 5 co o 5 5 je

its (Genus Wien Cams (G)) 599395 5 6 o = 56 56 8 5 5 5 - I species.

Dy \GAIMUG Winoyforonnyy Jee (2) 5 f 6 6 6 « 6 4 »w 4 5 4 & 2 »

2. Fam Mengenillidse, Hofeneder(2) . . .. . . =. jp. 10

1. Genus MENGENILLA, Hofeneder(3) . ......2...~. I y

A (Exons Nopnptosmpacorty IEC 5 6 S 6 56 o 5 6 5 o 6 & I »

PaOuUpeiiam wo CeINIOTBDIEAS Pierce 3° 20 2 2 5 2 2 = pyre

1. Fam. Myrmecolacidz, Pierce(3). . . . . . . . p. 12

ite, (Cools, Wihavaneone yes Wicsiniecai()) 4G 6 Go 4 o 6 o 5 © « I D)

D,, Genus Cras IPI (Os so 6 5 « 0 5 oF 6 5 0 Oo ¢ I )

Qe Wail, SATO MICEs, Wemine (9) 95 5 6 9s 6 6 6 o o «0 JB 10)

it, Genus Sunacoes, Ghd) 2 5 6 3 5 8 6 4 5 50 2 @ 0 5 oF »

A, Coos leniency Wioyere((e) ¢ 5 6 6 6 5 5s o 6 6 5 6 I »

Samed ylechthiridiae,. Pierce) 9 1s) eee ee ee DaRS

1. Genus HyLecuturus, Saunders (9) 3 »

. »

A, Rehm. SOMICIED; Irene ((D) 5 S = 5 § 3 6 56 56 5 5 ib WO)

1. Subfam. Halietoxeninae, Pierce(1). . . . . . . p. 19

1. Genus HaricToxenos, Pierce (10).

ify SMloveomnls Joltener ton Ieee (Ms 5 0 o o o © 56 9 « < Ti »

Ao Soyer mls Jel IAA INARI (A) Gg oo 5 5 4 6 &@ 8 5 2 »

3, subgenus Halictostylops, Pierce) (3) le Cen ier I »

4. Subgenus Augochlovophilis, Piercel(a)) 2) ss eee eel ee I )

22 Genus APRACGTELYDRA, Elerce (mh)a |) eee ee 5) mos ee I »

2Subtam. Crawfordinse, Pierce)! = 4. 2 2a ps 22

ire Grol Gry avatonuene lente) 5 5 5 6 o a 5s o o 4 6 6c 4 »

3, Sulloniaron, <OoNMES IMG 5 5° 894 5 5 6 0 6 De AS

1. Tribus XEnIN1I, Pierce (1).

Te GreMUS WENOS), LROSSD (G3))\5)1 oes) as a fou ciel cg) = co se en Beep ne eS 1) Dy

7, (GEMS VATS ONO Sy, INEM (GONG 5 6 6 6 6 50 o a © © s 6 3 »

3, (GCMs, ioieORNCMCANe Moen, Jes) 5 5 5 6 o o 5 ‘a « I »

2. Tribus PSEUDOXENINI, Pierce (2).

Ge GenuseSEUDOXENOS, Salimders (16) a.) serene 15 »

7. (Giusy INWoy sons wasquON, IPG 5 5 6 6 oo o « 6 o o ¢ I »

3. Tribus TacuyTIXENIN1I, Pierce (3).

its GSMS INCA ANOS, IK (MD) 5 4 Ss 6 6 « 0 a o 0 6 I »

4. [Tribus OPHTHALMOCHLINI, Pierce (4).

ty Ceaiils IBUMMIC CDW, IMO (Gi)! 656 546 4 6 0 5 2 6 8 7)

STREPSEP TERA

Genus OPHTHALMOCHLUS, Pierce (20).

1. Subgenus Ofhthalmochlus, Pierce (5) .

. Subgenus Homuilops, Pierce (6).

. Subgenus Jsodontiphila, Pierce (7)

Oo N

Genus SCELIPHRONECHTHRUS, Pierce (21).

5. Tribus PARAXENINI, Pierce (5).

Genus Paraxenos, Saunders.

3. Superfam. STICHOTREMATOIDEA, Hofeneder .

1. Fam. Stichotrematidee, Hofeneder (7) .

Genus SticHotrema, Hofeneder (22) .

4. Superfam. HALICTOPHAGOIDEA, Pierce

1. Fam. Diozoceridee, Pierce(S) .

x 5

Genus DioZocera, Pierce (23)

2. Fam. Halictophagidze, Pierce (g).

1. Subfam.

Anthericomminae, Pierce (4).

. Genus ANTHERICOMMA, Pierce (24).

. Genus PENTACLADOCERA, Pierce (25) .

. Genus AGarLitapHacus, Pierce (26).

. Genus PENTOZOE, Pierce (27)

. Genus Pentozocera, Pierce (28)

. Halictophaginge, Pierce (5) .

. Genus Hartcropuacus, Dale (9) .

. Genus Neocuorax, Pierce (30) .

. Genus MEeGALEcHTHRUs, Perkins (31) .

5. Superfam. ELENCHOIDEA, Pierce .

1. Fam. Elenchidae, Pierce (10).

DA mF WN

. Genus DEINELENcHUS, Perkins (32)

. Genus ELENcHUS, Curtis (33)

. Genus Mecynocera, Pierce (34)

. Genus ELEncuorpes, Pierce (35)

. Genus PENTAGRAMMAPHILA, Pierce (36)

. Genus Coractna, Westwood (37) .

I species.

48 STREPSIPTERA

Distribution of the STREPSIPTERA (Wallace’s Life Zones)

NEARCTIC |NEOTROPICAL| PALZARCTIC | ETHIOPIAN ORIENTAL AUSTRALIAN

GENERA

ae 1| 2

l l yl a yl ]

Mengea . Areata neon. WA ea ieee eee | at | | |

MrIOZzOGeral) ee ll ens | si Were | oxo |{hoe0 | =e 4 | | } | bo

: zal ae le ll ee oo SMe ee Pe es ee

Mengenilla. . . . . eleale <i oe cel a oy (ea fa | Nis al | |

3|4| 2 zane

Austrostylops

Myrmecolax.

Cenocholax .

Stylops

Parastylops .

Hylechthrus.

Halictoxenos

Apractelytra.

Crawfordia

Xenos .

Vespexenos .

Belonogastechthrus

Pseudoxenos.

Monobiaphila

Tachytixenos

Eupathocera,

Ophthalmochlus

Sceliphronechthrus

Paraxenos

Stichotrema .

Diozocera

Anthericomma .

Pentacladocera.

Agalliaphagus .

Pentozoe .

Pentozocera.

Halictophagus .

Neocholax

Megalechthrus .

Deinelenchus

Elenchus .

Mecynocera .

Bers OLA G Stemmnesanct erste Sel) cael) ins [erica jecsaill com aidftvsec’ base [ones lia, wll pS jfauten ons || Peeulll-aetell Reece eee | etaeaN eeen [eae | cee lee ee EC

Pentagrammaphila . .]...| 1

Ecler mmm emer || cloce| tel Pectoi||Seaalmoet||cuillh dow cee. fleece icicwe tl Sell eure éflcteall Sexe | Meera betel eee heitea | eel

iS}

Loe}

Travail, oo |] S| ae) Sie) a ve SSN Gran) a pep se eel |] a

SVP IRIE IES IIE RAN

INDEX

Specific names are printed in italics; generic and higher group names are in Roman type: synonymical references are

inclosed in parentheses; references to hosts of Strepsiptera are preceded by an *.

Pages

abbott:, Pierce (Ophthalmochlus Ho-

milops 6, 31

(Acroschismus) 24. 25

*advarians, Vier. (Andrena) 4

— Pierce (Stylops) 4, 16

*arseliella, Kirby (Andrena) 4

*Agallia 6, 37

Agalliaphagus 6, 36, 37, 47, 48

*albipennis, Rob. (Halictus Chlora-

lictus) 5

americanus, Perk. (Agalliaphagus) 6, 37

*Andrena 4. 16

*andrenotdes, Cress. (Andrena) 4

— Pierce (Stylops) 4, 16

*annulayts, Linn, (Polistes) 5)

Anthericomma 35, 36, 47, 48

Anthericommine 3 7)

Apractelytra 20, 22, 46, 48

*arcuata, Motsch. (Thompsoniella) 6

ayvensidis, Pierce (Pseudoxenos) 5, 27

*ayvensis, Sauss. (Odynerus) 5

ashmeadi, Pierce (Ophthalmochlus

Homilops) (Gy Sit

asteridis, Pierce (Stylops) 4, 16

*asteris, Rob. (Andrena) 4

aterrima, Newp. (Stylops) 4, 16

*atrata, Lepel. (Chlorion) 6

*Augochlora D, 22

Augochlorophilus 5, 20, 22, 46

*aurifer, Sauss. (Polistes) 5

aurtfert, Pierce (Xenos) 5), 8)

* aurifiuum, Perty) (Chlorion)

aurtpedis, Pierce (Ophthalmochlus

Isodontiphila) Gy. Si

*auripes, Fern. (Chlorion) 6

australensis, Perk. (Deinelenchus) 4,

(australensis, Perk.) (Halictophagus

Bruesia)

(australensts, Perk.) (Pentoxocera)

australensis, Perk. (Pentozocera) 6,

Austrostylops II, 46,

barbert, Pierce (Anthericomma)

Belonogastechthrus 5, 23, 26, 46,

*Belonogaster 5,

*Bembecinus 6,

*bipunctata, Cress. (Andrena)

Pages

bipunctatae, Pierce (Stylops) 4, 16

bishoppt, Pierce (Monobiaphila) 6. 28

— — (Ophthalmochlus

Homilops) @, si

(bowditchi, Pierce) (Acroschismus) 25

bowditcht, Pierce (Xenos) 3, 2)

*boylet, Cock. (Panurginus) 5

(bywest, Pierce) (Acroschismus) 25

bruesi, Pierce (Xenos) 5, 23)

(Bruesia) 38

*bruneri?, Crawf. (Halictus Chlora-

lictus) 5

bruner?, Pierce (Stylops) 5, 15)

buyssoni, Pierce (Vespzexenos) 5, 26

Czenocholax 13, 46, 48

californica, Pierce (Stylops) 4, 16

*campestris, Van Duzee (Liburnia) 6

*campestris, Latr. (Miscus)

*carbonarta, Linn. (Andrena) 4

childreni, Gray (Stylops) 4, 16

*Chloralictus 85, Diu

*Chlorion 6, 30

chobautti, Hof. (Mengenilla). 10

*(claytoniae, Rob.) (Andrena) 4

claytoniae, Pierce (Stylops) 4, 16

— vitereckt, Pierce (Sty-

lops) 4, 16

cockerelli, Pierce (Crawfordia) 5, 93}

Colacina 6, 42, 45, 47, 48

*colon, Cress. |Odynerus) 5)

*commoda, Smith (Andrena) 4

(corcyricus, Saund.) (Paraxenos) 27

corcyricus, Saund. (Pseudoxenos) 5, 27

cornit, Pierce (Stylops) 4, 16

*crabro, Linn. (Vespa) 5

crabronis, Pierce (Vespexenos) 5, 26

*cyawfordi, Vier. (Andrena) 4

crawfordt, Pierce (Halictoxenos) 5, 21

_— — (Stylops) 4, 16

Crawfordia 5, 22, 46, 48

Crawfordine 19, 22, 46

*cressont, Rob. (Andrena) 4

cressont, Pierce (Stylops) 4, 16

*cyinitus, Felt. (Polistes) 5

curtisti, Dale (Halictophagus) 40

(curtist?, Nass.) (Halictophagus) 21

Pages

(dahliz, Friese) (Stylops) 16

dalri, Curt. (Stylops) 4, 16

dallatorreanum, Hof. (Stichotrema) 6,

*deflendus, Saund. (Odynerus)

Deineleuchus

6, 42, 43, 47,5

*Diedrocephala 6,

(Dioxocera) 333}.

(Dioxoceridz)

Diozocera ONS Sues

Diozoceride 33,

dominiquet, Pierce (Stylops) 4;

*ducalis, Smith (Vespa)

duryi, Pierce (Ophthalmochlus) 6,

*elegans, Gerst. (Belonogaster).

Elenchide 42,

(Elenchine)

Elenchoidea (superfam.) Ta 42s

Elenchoides 6, 4S, AS 255

Elenchus 6, 42, 43, 47;

*Epora 6,

erberi, Saund. (Paraxenos} 6,

erynnidis. Pierce (Pseudoxenos) 5,

*erynnys, Lepel. (Odynerus)

Eupathocera 629242050465

*Evyleus

fasciatt, Pierce (Sceliphronech-

thrus) 6,

*fasctatus, Lepel. (Sceliphron)

fenyesi, Pierce (Cznocholax)

flagellatus, Meijere (Parastylops)

*flavoclypeata miserabilis, Cress. (An-

drena).

*flessee, Panz. (Andrena)

foraminati, Pierce (Pseudoxenos) 5,

*foraminatus, Sauss. (Odynerus)

*fragilis, Smith (Sphex)

fundati, Pierce (Pseudoxenos) Si

*fundatus, Cress. (Odynerus)

*fuscatus, Fabr. (Polistes)

*eallicus, Linn. (Polistes

*oibba. Saund. (Prosopis)

gracilipes, Lea (Austrostylops)

graentchert, Pierce (Halictoxenos) 5, 2

(Stylops) 4,

ho nN

At HD Us +

Pages

Halictophagidze 335 35, 47

Halictophagine 355, 30, 47

Halictophagoidea 33; 47

Halictophagus 39, 47, 48

Halictophilus 5, 20, 21, 46

Halictostylops 5, 20, 21, 46

Halictoxeninze Ia, 46

Halictoxenos 5, 20, 21, 46, 48

*Halictus D5 2t

*(hartfordensis, Cock.) (Andrena) 4

hartfordensis, Pierce (Stylops) 4, 16

(haworthi, Steph. (Stylops) 16

*Hecalus 6, 39

heydenii, Saund, (Pseudoxenos) 5, 27

(heydenti, Saund.) (Xenos) 27

*hippotes, Rob. (Andrena) 4

hippotes, Pierce (Stylops) 4, 16

*histvio, Lepel. (Odynerus) b)

*histvionalis, Rob, (Odynerus) 6

histrionis, Pierce (Pseudoxenus) 5, 27

Homilops 30, 47

(Homopterobiz) 42

‘hookeri, Pierce) (Leionotoxenos) 27

hookert, Pierce (Pseudoxenos) Bn af

(hubbardi, Pierce) (Acroschismus) 25

hubbardi, Pierce (Xenos) 5, 25

(hunteri, Pierce) (Acroschismus) 25

hunteri, Pierce (Xenos) 55 2D

Hylechthride 12, 18, 46

Hylechthrus 18, 46, 48

(Ichneumon) I

*7chneumoneum, Linn. (Chlorion) 6

ze — aurifluum, Perty (Chlo-

rion) 6

*illinoiensis, Rob. (Andrena) 4

*/mitatyix, Cresson (Andrena) 4

— profunda,Vier.(Andrena) 4

(tmitatrix, Pierce) (Stylops) 16

*immaculatus, Kirk, (Hecalus) 6

indicus, Pierce (Tachytixenos) 6, 29

insidiator, Westw. (Colacina) 6, 45

insulayum, Pierce (Diozocera) 6, 34

(insularum, Pierce) (Dioxocera) 34

*Tsodontia 31

Isodontiphila - 31, 47

(jacobsoni, Meijere)(Halictophagus) 40

jacobsoni, Meijere (Neocholax) 6, 40

jonest, Pierce (Halictoxenos) 3h et

(jonest, Pierce) (Leionotoxenos) 27

jonest, Pierce (Pseudoxenos) a 27

Jurinet, Saund, (Xenos) e025

STREPSIPTERA

Pages

(kirby, Leach) (Stylops) 16

klugit, Saund, (Pseudoxenos) 5,27

(klugit, Saund.) (Xenos) 27

*koebelet, Pierce (Mecynocera) 6, 44

*Jabialis, Kirby (Andrena) 4

labrosi, Pierce (Crawfordia) 5.25

*Jabrosus, Rob. (Pseudopanurgus) 5

*Jaevipes, Shuck. (Odynerus) 5

(Leionotoxenos) 27, 28

*Liburnia 6, 44

(louistanae, Pierce) (Leionotoxencs) 28

louistanae, Pierce (Pseudoxenos) 6, 28

*]uctuosa, Smith (Sphex) 6

luctuosae, Pierce (Eupathocera) 6, 30

lugubris, Pierce (Eupathocera) 6, 29

*lutulenta, Van Duzee (Liburnia) 6

*magnifica, Smith (Vespa) 5

*mandarina, Smith (Vespa) 5

*mandibularis, Rob. (Andrena) 4

mandibularis, Pierce (Stylops) 4, 16

mantlae, Pierce (Halictoxenos Ha-

lictophilus) By ok

*manilae, Ashm, (Halictus Evyleus) 5

(maximus, Pierce) (Acroschismus) 25

maximus, Pierce (Xenos) By 722)

Mecynocera 6, 42, 43, 44, 47, 48

Megalechthrus 6,39, 40, 47. 48

melanias, Perk. (Elenchus) 6, 44

— _ silvestris,Perk.(Elenchus) 6. 44

melittae, Kirby (Stylops) 4, 16

(melittae aterrima, Friese) (Stylops) 16

(melittae dahlit, Friese) (Stylops) 16

(melittae spencei, Friese) (Stylops) 17

*menalus, Kirk, (Paradorydium) 6

Mengea 8, 46, 48

Mengeide 7, 46

Mengenilla 10, 46, 48

Mengenillide 8, 10, 46

Mengeoidea Why te. CAS)

*metricus, Say (Polistes) 5)

mexicana, Pierce (Triozocera) 9

*minutus, Kirby (Halictus) 5

*Miscus cs)

*(misevabilis, Cress.) (Andrena) 4

*Monobia 6, 28

Monobiaphila 6, 23, 28, 46, 48

moutoni, Buyss. (Vespexenos) 5, 26

(moutoni, Buyss.) (Xenos) 26

*multiplicata, Cock. (Andrena) 4

multiplicatae, Pierce (Stylops) Ay 7)

Myrmecolacide 12, 46

Pages

(Myrmecolacides) 12

Myrmecolax 4, 13, 46, 48

nasont, Pierce (Stylops) A <7

— kob, (Andrena) 4

— hartfordensts, Cock. (An-

drena) 4

nassonowi, Pierce (Stylops) 47)

Neocholax 6, 39, 40, 47, 48

nietneri, \Vestw. (Myrmecolax) Fig ts)

*ntevans, Buyss. (Vespa) 5

(nigrescens, Brues) (Acroschismus) 25

nigrescens, Brues (Xenos) 53, 22.

*nigroaenea, Kirby (Andrena) 4

*yivalis, Smith (Andrena) 4

*yubecula, Smith (Andrena) 4

nubeculae, Pierce (Stylops) 4, 17

*yubila, Stal (Sexava) 6

¥yuda, Rob, (Andrena) 4

nudae, Pierce (Stylops) Aueley

nymphaeari, Pierce (Halictoxenos) 5, 21

*nymphaearum, Rob. (Halictus Chlo-

ralictus) 5

*Odynerus 5. 6. 27

oklahomae, Pierce (Stylops) 4 a

Ophthalmochlini 24, 29, 46

Ophthalmochlus 6, 24, 30, 47, 48

packardi, Pierce (Stylops) iy ney

(pallidus, Brues) (Acroschismus) 25

pallidus, Brues (Xenos) 5520

— texensts, Pierce (Xenos) 25

*pallipes, Lepel. (Polistes) 5

*Panurginus DZS

*Paradorydium 6, 39

Parastylops 15, 17. 46, 48

Paraxenini 24, 31, 47

Paraxenos 6, 24, 31, 47, 48

*pbavietum, Linn, (Odynerus) 5

*parthaon, Kirk. (Tetigonia) 6

(peckit, Kirby) (Schistosiphon) 25

( — Brues) (Xenos) 26

pechii, Kirby (Xenos) Sy 22

(pecosensis, Pierce) (Acroschismus) 26

pecosensis, Pierce (Xenos) 5,126

pedestridis, Pierce (Pseudoxenos) 6, 28

*pedestris, Sauss. (Odynerus) 6

Pentacladocera 6, 35, 36, 47, 48

*Pentagramma 6, 45

Pentagrammaphila 6, 43, 45, 47, 48

(Pentoxocera) 38

Pentozocera 6, 35, 36, 47, 48

Pages

Pentozoe 6, 35, 37, 47, 48

peradeniya, Pierce (Pentozoe) 6, 38

“peregyinus, Smith (Bembecinus) 6

perkinsi, Pierce (Elenchoides) 6. 45

*Perkinsiella 45

*pernanum, Kohl (Chlorion) 6

phaeodes, Perk. (Pentozocera) 6, 39

(phaeodes, Perk.) (Halictophagus

Bruesia, Pentoxocera) 39

(Phthiromye) 2

pictipennidis, Pierce (Eupathocera) 6, 29

*pictipennts, Walsh (Sphex) 6, 29

pilipedis, Pierce (Stylops) Li 1G)

*pilipes, Fabr. (Andrena) 4

*placida, Smith (Andrena) 4

*Platybrachys 6; 42, 43:

*polemonit, Rob. (Andrena) 4

polemonit, Pierce (Stylops) 4, 17

Polistes 5

*Priononyx 30

*(profunda, Vier,) (Andrena) 4

*Prosopis 4, 18

*pyuinosa. Cress. (Sphex)

pruinosae, Pierce (Eupathocera) 6,

*Psammophila

*Pseudopanurgus 5

(Pseudoxenides)

Pseudoxenini 33. Bie

Pseudoxenos Bs 6 23, 7/5 ZO,

puluinipes, Pierce (Crawfordia) 5,

(pulvinipes, Pierce) (Xenos)

(pustulatus, Saund.) (Hylechthrus)

*quadridens, Linn. (Monobia)

guadyinotata (Agallia)

*juercus, Saund. (Hylechthrus) 4,

(Rhipidoptera)

(Rhiphiptera)

(Rhipiptera)

yobbit, Pierce (Halictoxenos Halic-

tophilus) 5.

*yobbii, Ashm. (Halictus Evyleus)

vobertsoni, Pierce (Pseudoxenos) 5,

vosstt, Kirby) (Xenos)

vult, Saund. (Hylechthrus) 4,

yubs pustulatus.Saund.(Hylechthrus)

#yubicola, Saunders (Prosopis)

(yubtginosi, Pierce) (Acroschismus)

rubiginosi, Pierce (Xenos) ae

vubiginosus, Lepel. (Polistes)

4ieckiae, Pierce (Crawfordia) 5,

*yudbeckiae, Rob. (Pseudopanurgus)

STREPSIPTERA

Pages

*sabulosa, Linn. (Sphex) 6

*saliciflovis, Cock. (Andrena) 4

salicifioris, Pierce (Stylops) 4,-17

*sanguinolenta, Coquib. (Diedro-

cephala) 6

*Sceliphron 6, 31

Sceliphronechthrus 6, 24, 31, 47, 48

schawmit, Saund. (Pseudoxenos) 6, 28

(Schistosiphon) 24

schwarzt, Pierce (Apractelytra) 22

(schwarzt, Pierce) (Pentoxocera) 39

schwarzi, Pierce (Pentozocera) 6, 39

(schwarzit, Perk.) (Halictophagus) 37

schwarzti, Perk. (Pentacladocera) 6, 37

*Sexava Guns

steboldit, Saund. (Eupathocera) 6, 30

—_— — (Hylechthrus) 5, 18

(steboldit, Saund.) (Paraxenos) 29, 30

(silvestyis, Perk.) (Elenchus) 6, 44

*solidaginis. Rob. (Andrena) 4

*solidula, Vier. (Andrena) 4

solidulae, Pierce (Stylops) 4, 17

sparst, Pierce (Halictoxenos) 5. Bit

*sparsipilosa, Vier, (Andrena) 4

sparsipilosae, Pierce (Stylops) 4, 17

*sparsus, Rob. (Halictus) 5

(spencei, Friese) (Stylops) 17

(spencii, Nass.) (Halictophagus) 21

spencti, Nass. (Halictostylops} 3, ait

Spencit, Pickering (Stylops) Ai 3G)

sphecidarum, Duf.(Eupathocera) 6, 29

(sphecidarum, Duf.) (Xenos) 29

*Sphex 6, 29

*spinipis, Linn. (Odynerus) 5

(stenodes, Perk.) (Halictophagus

Bruesia, Pentoxocera) 39

stenodes, Perk. (Pentozocera) 6, 39

Stichotrema 6, 32, 47. 48

Stichotrematidz 32, 47

Stichotrematoidea Fs S25 Ai

Strepsiptera 2

Stylopidee 2, 17. 1D, AO

(Stylopides) Dr U5)

(Stylopine) Dy WP

(Stylopites) 2

Stylops 4, 15, 46, 48

*subcandida, Vier. (Andrena)

subcandidae, Pierce (Stylops) AnL7)

*subtilis, Smith (Andrena) 4

*subtilis, Walk. (Epora) 6

swenhi, Pierce (Stylops) ihe WF]

*Tachytes 6, 29

Pages

Tachytixenini 24, 28, 46

Tachytixenos 24, 28, 46, 48

templetonit, WWestw. (Elenchus) 44

tennicornis, Kirby (Elenchus) 44

(tenutcoynis, Muir) (Elenchus) 45

(tenuicornis, Perk.) (Elenchus) 44

(tenutcornis, Kirby) (Stylops) 44

tertiaria, Menge (Mengea)

(tertiavia, Menge) (Trizna) 9

*Tetigonia 6, 38

texana, Pierce (Triozocera) 9

(tevant, Pierce) (Acroschismus) 26

texani, Pierce (Xenos) 5, 26

*texanus, Cress. (Polistes) 5

(texensts, Pierce) (Xenos) 25

*Thompsoniella } 6. 38

thwaiter, Saund. (Stylops) 4, 17

*tibialis, Kirby (Andrena) 4

tigridis, Pierce (Pseudoxenos) 6, 28

*tigvis, Sauss. (Odynerus) 6

*trimmerana, Kirby (Andrena) 4

(tvimmerana, Smith) (Stylops) 16

(Trizena)

(Trioxocera) 9

Triozocera 9, 46, 48

tryont, Perk. (Megalechthrus) 6, 40

uhlevi,Pierce (Pentagrammaphila) 6, 45

*vagans, Sauss. (Odynerus) 6

*variegata, Fabr. (Prosopis) 5

*yentricosa, Dours (Andrena) 4

ventyicosae, Pierce (Stylops) 4, 17

versati, Pierce (Halictoxenos) 5; 2

*versatus, Rob. (Halictus Chlora-

lictus) 5

*yevus, Cress. (Odynerus) 5

Vespa 5

Vespexenos 5, 23, 26, 46, 48

(vesparum, Jur.) (Xenos) 25

vesparum, Rossi (Nenos) 5, 26

*vrcrna, Smith (Andrena) 4

vicinae, Pierce (Stylops) 4, 17

*victima, Smith (Andrena) 4

(nterecki, Pierce) (Stylops) 4, 16

*yividis, Fabr. (Xerophlcea) 6

*vfridula, Smith (Augochlora) 5

vividulae, Pierce (Augochlorophi-

lus) 5, 22

*uitiensis, Kirk. (Perkinsiella) 6

*yrtiatifrous, Uhl. (Pentagramma) 6

vulgavidis, Pierce (Eupathocera) 6. 29

*vulgavis, Cress. (Sphex) 6

STREPSIPTERA

Pages Pages

(walkeri, Curt.) (Stylops) 44 (Xenides) 24 *Xerophlaa 6

westwood, Temp!. (Ophthalmochlus Xeninz 19, 23, 46

Homilops) j 6, 31 Xenini 23, 24. 46 zavattarit, Pierce (Belonogastech-

(westwoodi, Templ.) (Xenos) 31 *xenoferus Rohwer (Tachytes) 6 thrus) 5, 26

(wheelert, Pierce) (Acroschismus) 26 Xenoidea 7, 12, 46 sephyri, Pierce (Halictoxenos) ay os

wheeleri, Pierce (Xenos) 5, 26 Xenos 5, 23, 24, 46, 48 *zephyrus, Pierce (Halictus Chlo-

ralictus) |

EXPLANATION ‘OF PLATES

PLATE 1 ‘ae

a ueu

Fig. 1. Tviozocera mexicana, Pierce, & (original). 7

— 1b. Same, natural size. ss

— 2. Myrmecolax nietneri, Westwood, o (original).

— 2b. Same, natural size. {

— 3. Caenocholax fenyesi, Pierce, of (original). 7

— 3. Same, natural size.

— 4. Stylops crawfordi, Pierce, o& (original).

— 4b. Same, natural size.

— 5. Xenos vesparum, Rossi, ot (original).

: — 5b. Same, natural size.

PuLaTE 2

Eupathocera lugubris, Pierce, O (original).

— 1b. Same, natural size.

— 2. Ophthalmochlus duryt, Pierce, of (original).

— 2b. Same, natural size.

— 3. Halictoxenos jonesi, Pierce, of (original). ol

— 36. Same, natural size. fy

— 4. Crawfordia pulvinipes, Pierce, Oo (original). a a

— 4b. Same, natural size. i

— 5. Diozocera insularum, Pierce, ot (original).

. Same, natural size.

Prate 3

Anthericomma barbert, Pierce, of (original).

— 1b. Same, natural size. ;

— 2. Pentacladocera schwarzi, Perkins, of (original).

— 2b. Same, natural size. |

0 i

STREPSIPTERA 53

Pentozoe peradeniya, Pierce, & (original).

Same, natural size.

Pentosocera australensis, Perkins, of (original).

. Same, natural size.

Mecynocera koebeler, Pierce, o (original).

Same, natural size.

Deinelenchus australensis, Perkins, & (original).

. Same, natural size.

PLATE 4

NXenos pallidus, Brues, triungulinid (after Brues).

Same, Q cephalothorax (after Brues).

Pentozoceva australensis, Perkins, triungulinid (after Perkins).

Mecynocera sp., triungulinid (after Perkins).

Xemd sp, triungulinid (after Perkins).

Mecynocera koebeler, Pierce, Q cephalothorax (after Perkins).

Detnelenchus australensis, Q cephalothorax (after Perkins).

Megalechthrus tryont, Perkins, Q cephalothorax (after Perkins).

Agalliaphagus americanus, Perkins, 9 cephalothorax (after Perkins).

Pentosocera australensis, Perkins, Q cephalothorax (after Perkins).

. Elenchoides perkinst, Pierce, Q. cephalothorax (after Muir).

Pentacladocera schwarzi, Perkins, Gf face (after Perkins).

. Pentozocera australensis, Perkins, Gf face (after Perkins).

. Mecynocera koebeler, Pierce, of face (after Perkins).

. Triozocera mexicana, Pierce, GO cedeagus (original).

. Mengenilla chobauti, Hofeneder, ot cedeagus (after Hofeneder).

. Myrmecolax nietnert, Westwood, & cedeagus (original).

. Caenocholax fenyest, Pierce, Gf cedeagus (original).

. Stylops crawfordi, Pierce, Go cedeagus (original).

. Halictoxenos jonest, Pierce, of cedeagus (original).

. Apractelytra schwarz, Pierce, Gt cedeagus (original).

. Crawfordia puluimpes, Pierce, Gt cedeagus (original).

. Xenos vespayum, Rossi, Gf cedeagus (original).

. Tachytixenos indicus, Pierce, Gf cedeagus (original).

. Eupathoceva lugubvis, Pierce, Go cedeagus (original).

. Ophthalmochlus duryt, Pierce. Go cedeagus (original).

. Pentozocera australensis, Perkins, Gt cedeagus (after Perkins).

. Neocholax jacobsont, Meijere, Oo cedeagus (after Meijere).

. Mecynocera koebelet, Pierce, Gt cedeagus (original).

. Triozoceva mexicana, Pierce, Gt antenna (original).

. Mengenilla chobautw, Hofeneder, of antenna (after Hofeneder).

. Caenocholax fenyesi, Pierce, GO antenna (original).

. Hylechthvus vubt, Saunders, of antenna (after Saunders).

. Stylops crawfordi, Pierce, Gf antenna (original).

. Xenos pallidus, Brues, Gf antenna (original).

Diozoceva insulayum, Pierce, GO antenna (original).

STREPSIPTERA

. Mecynocera koebelei, Pierce, of antenna (original).

ae —_— Ho. Triozocerva mexicana, Pierce, of tarsus (original).

= 44. Xenos pallidus, Brues, Ot tarsus (original).

— 44. Anthericomma barberi, Pierce, of tarsus (original).

— 43. Mecynocera koebelei, Pierce, Qt tarsus (original).

_ 44. Pentosoe peradeniya, Pierce, Ot cedeagus (original).

PLATE 5 {

' Fig. 1. Mengea tertiavia, Menge, o (after Menge). Vea

} . Same, o face (after Menge). ;

¥ . Aylechthrus rubi, Saunders, of (after Saunders). ri

. Elenchus templetoni, Westwood, ot (after Westwood). “a

. Eupathocera westwoodt, Templeton, > (after Templéton).

. Halictophagus curtisti, Dale, of (after Curtis).

. Pseudoxenos schaumii, Saunders, of (after Saunders). * a

. Paraxenos erberi, Saunders, Gt wing (after Saunders). =

oO non Dn WDhND

. Colacina insidiator, Westwood, of cephalotheca (after Westwood). ———

(o}

. Neocholax jacobsont, Meijere, Gf antenna (after Meijere).

2 — 11. Same, ot mandible and antenna (after Meijere).

— 12. Same, 9 cephalothorax (after Meijere).

— 13. Same, o wing (after Meijere). <

— 14. Polistes gallicus, Linneus, parasitized by Xenos vesparum, Rossi (original by Hofeneder). :

— 15. Same, side view (original by Hofeneder).

— 16. Parastylops flagellatus, Meijere, Gt antenna (after Meijere).

— 17. Same, o metathorax (after Meijere). eal

. Same, o wing (after Meijere).

Dallas, Texas, U. S. A., 15th May rortr.

GENERA INSECTORUM STREPSIPTERA

Mandible and maxilla of

Hylechthrus rubi Saunders

Myrmecolax nietrert Westwood =

Triozocera mexicana Pierce = Mandible and maxilla of

Xenos pallidus texensis Pierce

Mandible and maxilla of

Caenocholax téenvesi Pierce J

Aesostigmatal lobe (ventral)

of Xenos hubbardi Pierce

Mandible and maxilla of

Xenos pecosensis Pierce

Maxilla of Stylops

crawtordi Pierce

Mandible and maxilla of

Xenos resparum Rossi

—

Mandible and maxilla of

Xenos bowditchi Pierce

FAM. MENGEIDAS, MYRMECOLACIDAS, HYLECHTHRIDA, STYLOPIDAE, XENIDAS

GENERA INSECTORUM

STREPSIPTERA

red

Mandible and maxilla of

Xenos hubbardi Pierce

EES

Mandible and maxilla of

Aenos roheeleri Pierce

Mandible and maxilla of

Eupathocera lugubris Pierce

7®

QD &

Eupathocera lugubris Pierce

Mandible oe maxilla of Ophthalmochlus durvi. Pierce 7

Xenos briest Pierce

Mandible and maxilla of |

Eupathocera Westwoodi Templeton 3

Mandible and maxilla of

Ophthalmochlus duryi Pierce

Mandible and maxilla of Mandible and maxilla of 7

Mandible and maxilla of

Nenos Junie’ Pierce

CGrawtordia pulvinipes Pierce $ Diozocera tnsularum Pierce 5

Mandible and maxilla of

Tachvtixenos indicus Pierce

FAM. XENIDAL, DIOZOCERIDE

GENERA INSECTORUM STREPSIPTERA

Mandible and maxilla of

Arnthericonmma barbert Pierce

Anthericomma barberi Pierce Pentacladocera schwarzi Perkins &

Mandible and maxilla of 4

Halictoxenos jonesi Pierce &

ie)

Pentozoe peradeniya Pierce

Pentozocera australensts Perkins 1

Maxilla of

Mecynocera koebelei Pierce 3

Deinelenchus australensts Perkins £

Vecynocera koebelet Pierce

FAM. HALICTOPHAGIDA, ELENCHIDAS

GENERA INSECTORUM STREPSIPTERA

GENERAL CHARACTERS, OEDEAGUS, ANTENNA,TARSUS

GENERA INSECTORUM STREPSIPTERA

Mengea (=Triaena) tertiarta Menge 3

¥ XSk

g PH

Hrlechthrus rubi Saunders 3

Pseudoxenos schaumi Saunders &

} /

ore [ ieee Eupathocera Westwoodi Templeton &

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