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FAM. GRACILARIAD

by aD MEYRICK

WITH I COLOURED BUMTE

rs-Editeurs, 60-62, rue T’Kint, BRUXELLES.

ov hah Piri ah RN aaah aa ia ela RMR hr

f , 5 - } - . - »

Py Ce

LEPIDOPTERA

FAM. GRACILARIADA © ee

= \no 2-9 1996

LIBRARIES_

LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

(TINE 4)

FAM. GRACILARIADA

by E. MEYRICK

WITH IL COLOURED PLATE

D7 = : 3 Sr bs ; 4 ae we

; (eo: this treatise 1s intended to be the first of a series dealing with the families of the Tortricina

A i

“2 nomenclature. Individual cases cannot be discussed, but my practice will be based on the

principles here laid down.

1° The specific list following each genus is a list of actual species, not a catalogue of specific

descriptions. Hence a name given by an old writer may not appear at all, if it has never been identified

satisfactorily. For example in the present family the name meleagripennella, Hiibner, does not appear;

it may have been originally applied to a species, or a confused aggregate of several species, of the

genus Ovix, and subsequent authors interpreted it in various senses, the species being very similar and

not then clearly differentiated; eventually it was dropped by general consent, and this was the sensible

course, as clear determination was impracticable.

2° No notice is taken of names given to insects which were only known to the author in the

larval stage. Such insects have not been described at all, and the names have no authority.

3° Names with 50 years’ acknowledged use will not be suppressed in favour of unused names

for reasons of priority. Thus in the present family Lord Walsingham has attempted to substitute Phy/llo-

noryctey —a catalogue-name of Hiibner, never in use at all, published without any description and

therefore of no authority — for Lithocolletis, actually Htibner’s own name applied somewhat later, and

(following Zeller’s adoption of the name in his monograph) with 65 years’ universal acceptance in a

great mass of literature by all sorts of writers, the genus being a very large one; I do not accept the

alteration, which appears to propose a maximum of inconvenience for a minimum of reason.

2 LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

4° I do not accept the theory of the accidental fixing of generic tvpes by chance use. The sort of

case that arises is this: Hibner perhaps makes a genus and quotes eight European species; later

Stephens, writing on English species, uses this generic name and quotes one species, being the only

English one; the theory holds that he fixes this as the type, whereas he had no such intention, and

merely abstained from quoting the others because they do not occur in England. | only accept limita-

tion of a genus where an author has expressly declared his intention to so limit it. Any other course

would lead to interminable difficulty and confusion; any casual use of the generic name might be

equally treated as a limitation.

50.In the case of specific names | correct barbarisms 1) and misprints, whilst giving as much

orthographical latitude as possible. Certain American writers, especially Chambers, are the principal

offenders. The commonest of these barbarisms consists in attaching a termination (such as -ella) or word

(such as -albzlla) to the nominative or genitive of another word; thus forming for example deceftusella,

cayyaealbella, whereas additions can only be made to the stem of the word, and the correct forms hee

are deceptella, carvyalbella. Writers who do not know how to compound words in Latin have only them-

selves to blame if they exhibit their incompetence; it is much better for them to use simple words from

a dictionary. As a consequence of this uncritical standpoint, these writers cannot remember accurately

their own barbarisms, and perpetually make fresh ones by misquoting them; Lord Walsingham has

strikingly instanced (Ent. M. Mag. Vol. 39, p. 259) the nine different ways (all wrong) in which

Chambers himself spelt the name /vitaentella. On the same principle I reject wholly the gibberish-

names which are beginning to appear (also in America), and shall substitute proper names where

needful. If a name is not founded on grammar and commonsense, but is only an unmeaning string of

letters. it is impossible for anyone to remember it, and it would be necessary for all authors to verify it

on every occasion of use by looking up the original and copying it letter for letter; such a proceeding

would be intolerable on any large scale. | take the opportunity of urging that in the interests of conve-

nience names should not be of more than three or at most four syllables; the cumbrous eight- or nine-

syllabled names of some authors are quite indefensible. To support errors such as those mentioned

above on the ground of priority is to make science the slave of ignorance, illiteracy, and inaccuracy.

General Characters. — Head smooth or more or less rough; ocelli usually absent (present

in a few primitive species of Gracilaria); tongue well-developed. Antenne as long as forewings or

longer, rarely shorter, in Gf simple, filiform. Labial palpi moderate or long, straight or curved, usually

slender, more or less pointed. Maxillary palpi normally three-jointed, filiform, porrected, often curved,

seldom minute or rudimentary. Anterior and middle tarsi usually long; posterior tibiz smooth or

loosely haired or with regular series of fine bristles above. Forewings lanceolate or very narrowly elon-

gate; 16 simple, cell long, two-thirds to three-fourths of wing, 2 from towards lower angle, 4 usually

from angle, 7 to costa, 8 usually separate or absent, 11 from about one-third of cell or near base or

absent, upper margin of cell usually obsolete on basal third. Hindwings one-half to two-thirds, lanceo-

late or linear, cilia 2-8; 1¢ absent, cell open between 4 and 5, 5 and 6 often stalked, 6 and 7 approxi-

mated anteriorly or seldom stalked.

Larva with prolegs on segments 7, 8, 9, and 13 (not on 10); mining leaves, bark, or fruits, later

sometimes within a folded leaf.

Pupa with first four segments of abdomen fixed; protruded from cocoon in emergence.

A well characterised family, representing a line of development of which | am unable at present

to determine the origin. It has undoubted general relationship to the Tineid and Plutellid groups,

1) As an instance of misprint I quote the absurd Acrocercops pnosmodie//a, Busck, stated to be named from its foodplant Pxosmodium ; the

real foodplant is Oxossodium, and I have corrected the name accordingly to onosmodiella. .

FAM. GRACILARIADA®

but no near connection can be made out. The characteristic porrected three-jointed maxillary palpi

probably indicate real affinity to the true Plutellidae, and so also does the normal absence of long fine

hairs (not bristles) on the posterior tibize; on the other hand the basal obsolescence of the upper margin

of cell of forewings, and the costal termination of vein 7, are notable Tineid characters. The fourteen-

legged larva, and the peculiar attitude of the imago are unique features.

Due attention to the family characters as defined above will show that Tischeria and Bedeilia,

which have often been classed with Lithocolletis, do not belong here at all. Other genera wrongly referred

here by their authors are Metriochvoa, Busck, My hich is allied to Tischeria, and Philodovia, \Walsingham,

which belongs to the Glyphipterygidae U4 We Oa. CLhitaty Grate lanr1f{, neavw Nuc Sbrota % by aah 74m

The internal phylogeny of the family is not difficult, The most primitive genus is undoubtedly cote cfnm

: > {ee

Gracilaria; from this comes Parectopa, giving rise to two main branches represented by Acrocercops and Fs hy.

ore

Lithocolletis respectively. The two first-named genera are of Indian origin, and the two branches repre-

sent tropical and northern temperate lines of development respectively. These conclusions, coupled

with the association of the species with Dicotyledonous plants of advanced development, indicate an

origin in comparatively recent times, probably the Eocene period.

In delimiting the genera the characters of the legs are in this family of chief importance. The

purpose of the curious and characteristic posture, in which the two prominently ornamented anterior

pairs of legs are conspicuously displayed, is not known; it looks as though it were sexual, but I am not

aware that there is any direct evidence in that sense. The neuration varies to some extent within most

of the genera, though there is a progressive diminution of veins culminating in Lithocolletis ; in the higher

forms some of the veins are often partially obsolescent or faintly developed, and are liable to be over-

looked without careful observation. The scaling of the labial palpi, formerly employed to distinguish

genera, is in this family quite unreliable. I characterise 17 genera, with 583 species.

KEY DOs TEE GENERA

w. Middle tbvae clothed with rough projecting byastles = 2 1 ee te ls De

— Middle tibiae not clothed with rough Prop ectUMeNbrastlesimere.) a> 3s i ea le ee, ce ee eS

2 Poreuines mith roabsent. 2. . . . . « . =». + » . 9. Genus SPANIOPTIVA, Walsingham:

SMOAEUUILE STULL SPKESEHE =e) ee] 4 O..Genus PrrrmoscErEss Meyricke

Rie OSE Z OMI DIC CN COtE PaSCHUCS OJ NOMESLLY (SCALES) a ee et 0.5) 3) =, se ye cg ee

— Postertor tibiae without series of bristly scales 3 8

he MiadiiNe tiling AHA GE DETOUR NGIIES) 5 a of 5) (nara 6 6 6 8 5 6 ce 8 6) |e

== lWntilie Giiniee aos TRAD) TRG PS? SOB. 5 go ee 8 lel CC

5. Basal joint of antennae with dense flap of scales. . . . . . 15. Genus Cuirocampyra, Busck.

— Basal jot of antennae without dense flap of scales. . . . . 11. Genus CypHosticHa, Meyrick.

6. Forewmgs with S absent . . . . . . « . - » = . Q. Genus StompnHastis, Meyrick.

— Forewings with 8 present Site ee ee

7. Head with appressed scales, labial palpi c curved. . . . . . 8. Genus Acrocercops, Wallengren.

— Ilead more or less vough, labial palpi straight 7. Genus EricepHata, Meyrick.

ee ICOM OULHACIAGLO CUTAME CL Ase 0," 3. SNORE 1) SEEMS Jo eee nO) Cee Oe

== io eal Gyros Salles, a Es es Do oo ee De ROE else ah oe aw otk Mee hoe

g. Forewings with rz absent. . . TART Det ee S ia Sos a hk enae TOS

== OPES GIES TOT Me a) Mg a ed 09. Sy a EER DS = Sg Ss a oceanic

10. Forewmmgs with 4 present . . . . . . . . . . . ~~. #2. Genus CrEMasToBomBycia, Braun.

Se LILACS AUS se eee ty Genus) LrmrocommEnisy ibner

4 LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

11. Face rvough-haired . . . . aaa a - . . . 12. Genus Arisr#a, Meyrick.

= JRO COI 9 5 a ee . 8 a Spiel oo” \y) Res (noe

12. Middle tibiae thickened wiih dense scales : - . . 16. Genus Timopora, Meyrick.

— Middle tibiae not thickened with dense scales. . . . . 13. Genus Ornix, Treitschke.

13. Hindwings with5 and Gabsent . . . . . . . . I4. Genus Exara, Meyrick.

— Hindwings with 5 and 6 present... 2 ees i 0s |e - » Ae

14. Forewings with rr absent . : a : . « +) eee. fk! TOE

— Forewings with rr present. . ye Ss 5 a) ee! <0

15. Fovewings with 8 absent. wen oes F , 3. Genus Marmara, Clemens.

— Forewings with § present =. See 2 4. Genus Leucanrniza, Clemens.

16. Middle tibiae thickened throughout with dense scales. . ~~. +. +17. Genus GraciLarta, Haworth.

— Middle tibiae not thickened throughout with dense scales . . . 10, Genus Parecropa, Clemens.

1. GENUS LITHOCOLLETIS, HUBNER

Lithocolletis. Hiibner, Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 423 (1826). — Type: L. alni/oliella, Duponchel.

Eucestis. Hiibner, ibidem, p. 423 (1826). — Type: L. ulmifoliella, Hiibner.

Cameraria. Chapman, The Entomologist, Vol. 35, p. 141 (1902). — Type: L. guttifinitella, Clemens.

Phyllonoryoter. Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1907, p. 976 (1908). — Type: L. alnifoliella,

Duponchel.

Porphyrosela. Braun, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. Vol. 34, p. 348 (1908). — Type: L. desmodiella,

Clemens.

Characters. Head roughly tufted on crown, face smooth. Antenne about 1, basal joint

rather thick, usually with slight pecten, Labial palpi moderate or short, porrected, or drooping, filiform,

pointed. Maxillary palpi minute, filiform, porrected, or rudimentary. Posterior tibia with loosely

appressed hairs, or rarely glabrous. Forewings lanceolate; 3 absent, 4 absent, 6 absent, 8 absent,

11 absent. Hindwings about one-half, linear-lanceolate, cilia 4-5; 3 absent, 4 absent, 6 absent.

Imago in repose usually sitting with forepart somewhat raised.

Larva cylindrical or flattened, segment 2 broadest, thence tapering posteriorly, legs and prolegs

more or less well developed; mining in leaves, seldom in bark of shoots; the mine is a small blotch,

in the case of the more primitive species flat, but more generally having one surface silk-lined and thus

made to contract, producing a vaulted chamber; the contracting surface may be either on the upper or

under side of the leaf, but is usually constant in the same species.

Pupa almost always within the mine, with or without a cocoon.

Foodplants (known for 182 species) almost all Dicotyledonous trees and shrubs, mostly of the

orders Cupuliferae, Betulaceae, Leguminosae, Salicaceae, and Rosaceae, but also of 14 others; no less than

44 species are attached to the genus Quercus; only 5 feed on herbaceous plants; none on Comfpositae.

Geographical distribution of species. — Almost confined to temperate regions of the

Northern hemisphere, where the genus occupies a dominant position, many of the species occurring

in vast numbers; a very few stragglers are found in India and Australia and the West Indian islands,

and one undescribed species is mentioned by Zeller from South America; there is also one from South

Africa, but the insect described as Lithocolletis zulella Walsingham, probably does not belong to this

family. The origin of the genus is doubtless in North America, in comparatively recent time.

The following grouping is based on markings of imago and larval habit, there being little variation

in other respects; the groups are apparently natural, but not strictly definable, and represent lines of

FAM. GRACILARIADA®

development. Miss A. Braun’s definition of group C as a subgenus Porphyvosela | do not find justified;

the vein alleged absent (ro of forewings) is really present, though faint and difficult of observation, and

the glabrous tibize are not constant in very closely allied species.

foal

30.

Bite

Oo m~a AMF Wh

Sess Sis is hs

bo RoR

GROUP A — SECTION 1

. roboris, Zeller, Isis, p. 317 (1839).

robortfoliella, Duponchel, Hist. Nat. Lép. Fr. Suppl. Vol.4, pl.78, f.11 (1842).

. cramerella, Fabricius, Ent. Syst. Vol. 3, p. 327 (1794),

. tenella, Zeller. Linn. Ent. Vol. 1, p, 236, pl. 1. f. 30 (1846).

. heegeriella, Zeller, ibidem, p. 232, pl. 1, f. 28 (1846).

. delitella, Zeller, ibidem, p. 184 (1846).

. idolias, Meyrick, Ent. M. Mag. Vol. 27, p. 61 (1891).

. deleta, Staudinger, Hor Soc. Ent. Ross. Vol. 15, p. 413 (1880).

. hesperiella, Staudinger, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 20, p. 256 (1859)

. platam, Staudinger, Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross. Vol. 7, p. 277. pl. 3.

f. 18 (1870).

. messaniella, Zeller, Linn. Ent Vol. 1, p 221, pl. 1, f. 23 (1846).

. quercrfoliella, Zeller, Isis, p. 217 (1839).

. paristella, \Wocke, Jahr. Schles. Ges. Naturw. p. 106 (1848).

. scitulella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 176, pl. 1, f. 5 (1846).

. belotella. Staudinger, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 20, p. 257 (1850).

. suaveolentis, Petry, ibidem, Vol. 65, p. 252 (1904).

. alnifoliella, Duponchel, Hist. Nat. Lép. Fr. Vol.1r, pl.308, f.2(1838).

vajella, Zeller, Isis, p. 217 (1839).

alniella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 229 (1846).

. alpina, Frey, Tinein. Schweiz, p. 354 (1856).

. strigulatella. Zeller, Isis, p. 300 (1846).

SECTION 2

_fitchella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Se. Philad. p. 207 (1860).

quercifoliella, Fitch, Rep. Ins. New York, Vol. 5, p. 327 (1859) (preocc.).

quercetorum, Frey, Stett. Ent Zeit. Vol. 34, p. 207 (1873).

. leucothovax, \Valsingham, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 33, p.223 (1907).

. Hage, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 34, p. 208 (1873)

necospinusella, Chambers, Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv. Vol. 4, p. 100 (1878).

. avbutella, Braun, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. Vol. 34, p. 285, pl. 21,

f. 12 (1908) (arbutusella).

. msigis, Walsingham, Insect Lite, Vol. 2. p. 117 (1889)

. tyimoteila, Braun, Ent. News, Philad. Vol. 19, p 99 (1908).

. quercialbella, Fitch, Rep. Ins. New York, Vol. 5, p. 328 (1859).

quercipulchella, Chambers, Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv. Vol. 4, p. 120 (1878).

. clemensella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 3, p. 57 (1871).

. argentifimbriella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. p. 321 (1859).

fuscocostella, Chambers, Cincinnati Quart. Journ. Sc. Vol. 2, p. 102 (1875).

longistriata, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 34, p. 209 (1873).

. lucidicostella, Clemens. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. p. 318 (1859).

. albmmotella, Chambers, Cincinnati Quart. Journ. Sc. Vol. 2, p. ror

(1875) (albanotella).

subaureola, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 39, p. 262 (1878).

. caryalbella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 3, p. 58 (1871)

(caryaealbella).

. oliviformis, Braun, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. Vol. 34, p. 289, pl. 21,

£. 8 (1908) (olivaeformis).

C. and S. Europe.

Europe.

N. and C. Europe.

C. and S. Europe.

N. Africa.

Asia Minor.

S. Europe.

C.andS. Europe, N. Africa.

Europe.

S. Europe.

Europe.

N. and C. Europe.

C. Europe.

N. America.

32.

53.

58.

63.

64.

Sioa ai al>l > nelelelelelelolelelels

LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

. obscuricostella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Se. Philad..p. 321 (1859).

virginiella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 3, p. 84 (1871).

. ostryifoliella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Se. Philad. p. 332 (1859)

(ostryaefoliella).

mirifica, Yrey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 34. p. 212, (1873).

. vileyella, Chambers, Cincinnati Quart. Journ. Sc. Vol. 2, p.236 (15875).

tenuistvigata, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 37, p. 225 (1876).

. kearfottella, Braun, Ent. News, Philad. Vol. 19, p. 100 (1908).

SECTION 3

. tenutcaudella, Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 147 (1897).

. basistrigella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. p. 321 (1859).

intermedia, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 34, p. 210 (1573).

. endryella, Mann, Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, Vol. 5, p. 569 (1855).

mervidionella, Moschler, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr. p. 144 (1866).

caudiferella, Ragonot, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. p. 74 (1875).

. tactfoliella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 183, pl. 1, f. 9 (1846).

. distentella, Zeller, ibidem, p. 181, pl. 1, f. 8 (1846).

. barbarella, Rebel, Iris, Dresden, Vol. 13, p. 176 (1tgo0).

. jovella, Constant, Bull. Soc Ent. Fr. p. 125 (1880).

. Manni, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 1. p. 209, pl. 1, f. 17 (1846).

. lapadiella, Krone. Jahr.Wien. Ent.Ver.Vol.19. p.130, pl.1, f.11 (1909).

. scopaviella, Zelier, Linn. Ent. Vol. 1, p 227, pl. 1, f. 26 (1846).

. ulicicolella, Stainton, Cat. Brit. Tinein. Suppl. p. 12 (1851).

. tangerensis, Stainton, Ent. M. Mag. Vol. 8. p. 236 (1872).

. staintoniella, Stainton, Nat. Hist. Tin. Vol. 2, p. 268, pl. 7,f. 2 (1856).

. Haasi, Rebel, Iris, Dresden, Vol. 13, p. 177 (1900).

. quinquenotella, Frey, Mitth. Naturf. Ges. Ziirich, p. 619 (1855).

? cerasinella, Reutti, Lep. Faun. Baden, p. 205 (1852).

. leucographella, Zeller, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 11, p. 207 (1850).

. olsoleta, Frey, ibidem, Vol. 34, p. 211 (1873).

. aevifevella, Clemens. Proc. Acad. Nat. Se. Philad. p. 320 (1

. sexnotella, Chambers, Journ. Cincinn. Soc, Nat. Hist. p. 189

. corylt, Nicelli, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 12, p. 36 (1851).

. carpinicolella, Stainton, Cat. Brit. Tinein. Suppl. p. 13 (1851).

. faginella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 204 (1846). — Plate,

859).

(1879).

Figs. 25a, b, c.

triguttella, Stainton, The Zoologist, p. 2806 (1848).

phegophagella, Herrich-Schaffer. Schmett. Europ. Vol. 5, f. 777, 778 (1855).

. spintcolella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 203 (1846).

deflexella, Stainton, The Zoologist, p. 170 (1851).

pruniella, Herrich-Schafler, Schmett. Europ. Vol. 5, p. 326 (185

conjunctella, Steudel, Jahr. Ver. Naturk. Wurttemb. Vol. 38, p.

35).

232 (1882).

domesticella, Sorhagen, Illust. Zeitschr. Ent. Vol. 5, p. 213, f. 14 (1

(1900).

a Herrich-Schaffer. Schmett. Europ. Vol. 5, p. 326,

f. 784, 785 (1855)

ae ea Mihlig, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 24, p. 212 (1863).

. cydomella, Fabricius. Ent. Syst. Vol. 3, p. 323 (1794).

. sorbi, Frey, Mitth. Naturf. Ges. Ziirich, p. 608 (1852)

sorbifoliella, Herrich-Schaffer, Schmett. Europ. Vol, 5, p. 328 (1855).

pomonella, Herrich-Schaffer, ibidem, f 775, 776 (1855).

padella, Glitz, Jahr Naturh. Ges. Hannover, p. 41 (1863).

. cevisolella, Peyevimhoff, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. p. 201, pl. 6, f. 11 (1872

. mespilella, Hiibner, Samml. Europ. Schmett. f. 272 (1803).

torminella, Frey, Tinein. Schweiz, p. 340 (1856).

. propinquinella, Braun, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. Vol. 34, p. 302, pl. 22

f. g (1g08).

a S

America.

N. America.

Ni America.

W. Indies.

N. America.

S. Europe.

C. Europe:

N. Africa.

S. Europe.

C. Europe.

So 136 Europe.

C. Europe.

W. C. Europe.

N. Africa.

C. Europe.

S. Europe.

(Ge Europe.

S. Europe.

N. America.

N. America, i

N. America.

N. and C. Europe.

C. Europe.

N. and C. Europe.

. and C. Europe.

c Europe.

. and C. Europe.

. Europe.

. America,

Sa Sp Shy

bat est est fs

PAM. GRACILARIAD A:

. crataegella, Clemens, Proc. Acad Nat. Sc, Philad. p. 324 (1859).

. pyrworella, Bankes, Ent. M. Mag. Vol. 35, p. 252 (1899).

. malifoltella, Braun, Ent. News, Philad. Vol. 19, p. ror (1908)

(malimalifoltella).

. concomitella, Bankes, Ent. M. Mag. Vol. 35, p. 246 (1899).

mespilella, Herrich-Schaffer (nec Htibner), Schmett. Europ. Vol. 5, f. 749

(1855).

. blancardella, Fabricius, Ent. Syst. Vol. 3, p. 327 (1794).

mespilella, Haworth (nec Htibner), Lep. Brit. p. 576 (1828).

cydoniella, Duponchel, Hist. Nat. Lép. Fr. Vol. 11, p. 528, pl.308, f. 3 (1838).

pomifoliella, Zeller, Isis, p. 218 (1839).

. oxyacanthae, Frey, Tinein. Schweiz, p. 336 (1856).

. occitanica, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 37, p. 224 (1876).

. argentinotella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. p. 321 (1859).

. lantanella, Schrank, Fauna Boica, Vol. 2, p. 138 (1Sor).

elatella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 190, pl. 1, f. 12 (1846).

. monspessulanella, Fuchs, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 58 p. 336 (1897).

. quingueguttella, Stainton, Cat. Brit. Tin. Suppl. p 12 (1851).

repentella, Sorhagen, Illustr. Zeitschr. Ent. Vol. 5, p. 232, f. 7 (1900).

. junoniella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 215, pl. 1, f. 20 (1846).

vaccintella, Stainton, Nat. Hist. Tinein. Vol 2, }. 174, pl. 4, f. 2 (1856).

. encaeria, Meyrick, Ann. Transy. Mus. igri (ined.)

. populiella, Chambers, Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv. Vol. 4. p. tor (1878).

. mcanella, Walsingham, Insect Life, Vol. 2, p. 81 (1889).

. alm, Walsingham, ibidem., Vol. 3, p. 326 (1891).

alnivorella, Chambers, Cinc. Quart. Journ. Sc. Vol. 2, p. 302 (1875) (preeocc.)

. alnicolelia, \Valsingham, Insect Life, Vol. 2, p. 80 (1889).

. dubitella, Herrich-Schafter, Schmett. Europ. Vol. 5, p. 325 (1855).

spinicolella, Herrich-Schaffer, Schmett. Europ. Vol. 5, f. 782 (1855).

. salictella, Zeller. Linn. Ent. Vol.-1, p. 207, pl. 1, f. 16 (1846).

. salicicolella, Sircom, The Zoologist, p. 2271 (1848).

capraeella, Nicelli, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 12, p. 42 (1851).

. deceptella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 11, p. 73 (1879)

(deceptusella).

. apiimerella, Braun, Trans Amer. Ent. Soc. Vol. 34, p. 307, pl. 22,

f. 16 (1908).

. salicwvorella, Braun, Ent. News, Philad. Vol. 19, p. ror (1908).

. ledella, Walsingham, Insect Life, Vol. 2, p. 79 (1889).

. scudderella, Frey. Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 34, p. 212 (1873).

. viminetorum, Stainton, Ins. Brit. Tinein. p. 272 (1854).

viminetella, Herrich-Schaffer, Schmett. Europ. Vol. 5, p. 326 (1855).

. cavella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 213, pl. 1, f. 19 (1846).

schrebevella, Zeller, Isis, p. 218 (1839) (preeocc.).

. graserviella, Sorhagen, Illustr. Zeitschr. Ent. Vol. 5, p. 212, f. 5

(1900).

. lativittella, Sorhagen, ibidem, p. 211, f. 1 (1900).

aminutella, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 39, p. 263 (1878).

. diaphanella, Frey, ibidem, p. 265 (1878).

. auronitens, rey, ibidem, Vol. 34. p. 216 (1873).

. yobiniella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. p. 318 (1859).

pseudacaciella, Fitch. Rep. Ins. New York, Vol. 5, p. 335 (1859).

. uhlerella, Fitch, ibidem, p. 337 (1859).

amorphaeella, Chambers, Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv. Vol. 3, p. 132 (1877).

. morvisella, Fitch, Rep. Ins. New York, Vol. 5, p. 336 (1859).

texanella, Zeller, Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, Vol. 25, p. 349 (1875).

amphicarpacella, Chambers, Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv. Vol. 3, p. 137 (1877).

N. America.

W. C. Europe.

N. America.

C. Europe.

Europe.

C. Europe.

N. Ametica.

N. America.

Europe.

C. Europe.

N. and C. Europe.

SaeAtinincar

N. America.

C. Europe.

N. and C. Europe.

N. America.

C. Europe.

N. and C. Europe.

. Europe.

. America.

ZA, A, Fe. PA

. America.

N. America.

IIo.

nites

Ii2.

ise eieas

a tk

L. tiliella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol.3, p. 56 (1871) (tiliaeella).

. L. symphoricarpella, Chambers, Cincinnati Quart. Journ. Sc. Vol. 2,

p- 98 (1875).

. mariella,

(1875) (mariaeella).

. L. triarcha, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol.

(1908).

. L. conformis, Meyrick, Rec. Indian Mus. Vol. 5, p. 226 (1910).

. L. conista, Meyrick, Ent. M. Mag. Vol. 47, p. 212 (1911). — Plate,

lmifees Hla

. L. stephanota, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S Wales, p. 51 (1907).

. L. fragilella, ‘Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 39, p. 270 (1878).

_ L. trifasciella, Haworth, Lep. Bnit. p. 576 (1828).

LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

martiella, Braun, Trans. Amer.

f. 19 (1908).

L. spinolella, Duponchel, Hist. Nat. Lep. Fr.Vol.1r, pl. 308, £.8 (1838).

hilarella, Zetterstedt, Ins. Lapp. p. 1010 (1840).

. L. gemmea, Frey. Stett. Ent. Zeit Vol. 34, p. 218 (1873).

Ent) soc. Volisw, p. 290; plan

. alnivorella, Ragonot, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. p. 73 (1875).

. ulmifoliella, Hiibner, Samm]. Europ. Schmett. f. 444 (1816).

. anderidae, Fletcher, Ent. M. Mag. Vol. 22, p. 40 (1885).

. fraxinella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 216, pl. 1, f. 21 (1846).

. insignitella, Zeller, ibidem, p. 193, pl. 1, f. 13 (1846).

. migrescentella, Logan, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. 1, p.

Dlaeton oO) (TSO):

bremiella, Frey, Mitth. Naturf. Ges. Ziirich, p. 629 (1852).

lautella, Zeller, Linn.

Plate, Fig. 17.

irrvadiella, Scott, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond (2), Vol. 2

. L. sublautella, Stainton, Tinein. South. Eur. p. 197 (1869).

Ent. Vol. 1, p. 194, pl.

SECTION 4

L. lucetiella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Se. Philad. p. 322 (185g).

aenigmatella, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 34, p. 219 (1873).

bolliella, Dyar, List N. Amer. Lep. p. 555 (1902).

ornatella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 3, p. 161 (1871).

. (vitaentella, Chambers, ibidem, p. 110 (1871) (tritaentanella).

consimilella, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 34, p. 214 (1873).

L. affnis, Frey, ibidem, Vol. 37, p. 222 (1876).

3 ibs

JE,

oregonensis, \Valsingham, Insect Life, Vol. 2,

‘\ 5 2 *

Chambers, Cincinnati Quart.

Journ.

p. 117 (1889).

. argentifrontella, Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 146 (1897).

= 25 1D. Whe)

Se Vol

Heydenti, Zeller, Linn, Ent. Vol. 1, p. 247, pl. 1, f. 39 (1846).

. L. schreberella, Fabricius, Spec. Ins. Vol. 2, p. 304 (1781).

ulminella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 246, pl. 1, f. 37 (1846). _

182.

1, f. 14 (1846). —

,p 9, pl.1, f 1/1854).

. ostensackenella, Fitch, Rep. Ins. New York, Vol. 5, p. 338 (1859).

15, p. 811

VEG: Europe.

obumbrata, Sorhagen, [)lustr. meteene Bont. Vole Ope 2raente 4 (1900).

zaepennella).

. L. emberizipennella, Bouché, Naturg Ins. Vol. 1, p. 132 (1834) (embert-

. L. scabiosella, Douglas, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. Ser. 2, Vol. 2, p. 121,

Dlauss t.. 2 \(T8d4).

. L. tristrigella, Haworth, Lep. Brit. p. 576 (1828).

. L. unifasciella, Tengstro6m, Cat. Lep. Fauna Fenn. p. 366 (1869).

. L. stettinensis, Nicelli, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 13, p. 219 (1852).

. L. chrysella, Constant, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. p. 13, pl. 1, f. 34 (1885).

|. L. froelichiella, Zeller, Isis, p. 218 (1839).

N. America.

N. and C. Europe.

Europe.

W. C. Europe.

C. and S. E. Europe.

Europe.

C. Europe.

dp)

. Europe.

N. and C. Europe.

. America.

N. America. L ——

N. America.

. America.

. America,

’. Indies.

. America.

a Cation

PA ENA FA Nd

E. Australia,

N. America. “A.

C. and S. Europe.

Europe.

C. Europe.

FAM. GRACILARIADZ®

134. L. Nicellii, Stainton, The Zoologist, App. p. 172 (1851). C. Europe.

irtstrigella, Nicelli (nec Haworth), Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 12, p. 47 (1851).

dunningiella, Stainton, Stet!. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 13, p. 88 (1852).

135. L. kleemannelia, Fabricius, Spec. Ins. Vol. 2, p. 509 (1781) (klemannella). C.andS. Europe.

2? crocinella, Sorhagen, [llustr. Zeitschr. Ent. Vol 5, p. 212, f. 2 (1900).

136. L. millierella, Staudinger, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr. Vol. 14, p. 323 (1870). S. Europe.

eeltidella, Rondant, Bull. Suc. Ent. Ital. Vol. 8, p. 22, pl. 1, f. 11 (1876).

SECTION 5

37. L. parvifoliella, Ragonot, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. p. 74 (1875). S. Europe.

138. L. genwstella, Rebel. Ins, Dresden, Vol. 13, p. 178 (1900). S. W. Europe.

139. L. nevadensis, Walsingham, Ent. M. Mag. Vol. 44, p. 228 (1908). S. W. Europe.

140. L. adenocarpi. Staudinger, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 24, p. 270 (18653). S. W. Europe.

141. L. foliolost, Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. “ond. p.978, pl.53,f.8(1907). Canary Is.

142. L. trifiorella, Peyerimhoft, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr.p. 202, pl. 6, f.12 (1872). S. Europe.

eae

. cytisella, Rebel, Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien, Vol. 11, p. 140, Canary Is.

pl. 3, £. :7 (1896).

144. L. juncet, Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 977 (1907). Canary Is.

5 C.

149. L. dubiosella, Wocke, Schmett. Deutschl. Vol. 3, p. 677 (1876). Europe.

acactella, Herrich-Schaffer (nec Zeller), Schmett. Europ. Vol. 5, p. 331,

f. 742 (1855).

146. L. subevifoliella, Zeller, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 11. p. 208 (1850). S. Europe.

147. L. connexella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 226, pl. 1, f. 25 (1846). C. Europe.

148. L. viminiella, Stainton, Ins. Brit. Tin. p. 275 (1854). N. and C. Europe.

149. L. betulae, Zeller, Isis, p. 217 (1839). N. and C. Europe.

caledoniella, Stainton, Cat. Brit. Tin. Suppl. p. 12 (1851).

150. L. coryli‘oliella, Haworth, Lep. Brit. p. 580 (1828). €. Europe.

betucre, Herrich-Schatfer, Schmett. Europ. Vol. 5, f. 780 (1855).

151. L. acaciella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 258 (1846). C. Europe.

152. L. celtifoliella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 3, p. 128 (1871). N. America.

133. L. celtiella, Chambers, ibidem, p. 129 (1871) (celtisella). N. America.

nonfasciella, Chambers, ibidem, p. 108 (1871).

pusillifoliella, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 37, p. 226 (1876).

SECRION 6

154. L. agilella, Zeller. Linn. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 248, pl. 1, £. 39, (1846). C. and S. Europe.

1535. L salicifoliella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 3, p. 163 (1871). N. America.

atomartella, Zeller, Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien. Vol. 25, p. 350 (1875).

156. L. tremuloidiella, Braun, Ent. News, Philad. Vol. 19, p. 102 (1908). N. America.

157. L. pastorella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 250 (1846). N. and C. Europe.

158. L. comparella. Zeller, ibidem, p. 257. pl. 1. f. 42 (1846). C. Europe, W. C. Asia.

159. L. tremulae, Zeller, ibidem. p. 251, pl. 1, f. 40 (1846). N. and C. Europe.

160. L. apparella, Herrich-Schafter, Schmett. Europ. Vol. 5, p. 334, {. 804-5 C. Europe.

(7855).

161. L. chiclanella, Staudinger, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 20, p. 256 (1859). S. W. Europe.

162. L. populifoliella, Treitschke, Schmett. Europ. Vol. 9, p. 188 (1833). Europe.

SECION 7

163. L. amyotella, Duponchel, Hist. Nat. Lép. Fr. Vol. 11, pl. 309, f. 2(1838). C.and S. Europe.

164. L. abyasella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 238, pl. 1, f. 31 (1846). S. E. Europe.

165. L. hortella, Fabricius, Ent. Syst. Vol. 3, p. 327 (1794). Europe.

saportella, Duponchel, Hist. Nat. Lép. Fr. Vol. 11, pl. 308, f. 10 (1838).

166.

195.

bob

LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

L. sylvella, Haworth, Lep. Brit. p. 579 (1828).

acernella, Duponchel, Hist. Nat. Lep. Fr. Suppl. Vol. 4, p. 76, f. 11 (r842).

acertfoliella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 239, pl. 1, f. 32 (1846).

L. geniculella, Ragonot, Pet. Nouv. Ent. Vol. 5, p. 346 (1873).

pseudoplataniella, Ragonot, Pet. Nouv. Ent. Vol. 5, p. 346 (1873).

dahmrella, Sorhagen, Illustr. Zeitschr. Ent. Vol. 5, p. 250 (1900).

. L. bataviella, Braun, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. Vol. 34, p. 278, pl. 21,

f. 3 (1908).

L. helianthemella, Werrich-Schaffer, Neu. Schmett. Europ. p. 20,

Hig news) { (idiot)

GROUP B

. L. bauhiniae, Stainton, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. Ser. 2, Vol. 3, p. 303

(1856).

_L. gaultheriella, Walsingham, Ins. Life, Vol. 2, p. 79 (1889).

. L. nemoris, Walsingham, ibidem, Vol. 2, p. 116 (1889).

. L. caryrfoliella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. p. 323 (1859)

(caryaefoliella).

juglandiella, Clemens, Proc. Ent Soc. Philad. Vol. 1, p. 81 (1861).

74. L. lentella, Braun, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. Vol. 34. p. 326, pl. 23, f. g

(1908).

. saccharella, Braun, Ent News, Philad. Vol. 19, p. 104 (1908).

. macrocarpella, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 39, p. 261 (1878).

. cincinnatiella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom., Vol. 3, p. 146 (1871).

. hamadryadella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. p. 324(1859).

alternatella, Zeller, Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, Vol. 25, p. 351 (1875).

. umbellulariae, Walsingham, Ins. Life, Vol. 2, p. 78 (1889).

. agrifoliella, Braun, Ent. News, Philad. Vol. 19, p. 105 (1908).

. conglomervatella, Zeller, Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, Vol. 25, p. 346

(1875).

obtusilobae, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 39, p. 265 (1878).

bicolorella, Chambers, Bull, U. S. Geol. Surv. Vol. 4, p. 103 (1878).

. L. ulmella, Chambers, The Canad, Entom., Vol. 3, p. 148 (1871).

modesta, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 37, p. 224 (1876).

. L. quercivorella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 11, p. 145 (1879).

. L. mediodorsella, Braun, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. Vol. 34. p. 335,

pl. 23, f. 19 (1908).

. L. australella, Chambers. Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv. Vol. 4, p. 103 (1878)

(australisella).

. L. chambersella, Walsingham, Ins. Life, Vol. 2, p. 78 (1889).

quinguenotella, Chambers, Journ. Cincinnati Soc. Nat. Hist. Vol. 2, p. 189

(1880) (praeocc.).

. L. cervina, Walsingham, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 33, p. 221 (1907).

. L. platanoidiella, Braun, Ent. News, Philad. Vol. 1g, p. 106 (1908).

. L. fletcherella, Braun, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. Vol. 34, p. 338, pl. 23,

f. 24 (1908).

. L. arcuella, Braun, Ent. News, Philad. Vol. 19, p. 107 (1908).

_ L. betulivora, Washingham, Ins. Life, Vol. 3, p. 326 (1891).

. L. Eppelsheimiu, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 39, p. 272 (1878).

. L. bethunella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 3, p. tog (1871).

lebertella, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 39. p. 266 (1878).

. L. fasciella, Walsingham, Ins. Life, Vol. 3, p. 326 (1891).

unifasciella, Chambers, Cincinnati Quart. Journ. Sc. Vol. 2, p. 103 (1875)

(preoce.).

L. castaneella, Chambers, ibidem, p. 104 (1875) (castaneaeella).

CG:

Cc:

.and C. Europe.

Europe.

. America,

Europe.

India.

. America.

. America,

. America.

FAM. GRACILARIAD A II

196. L. guttifinitella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. p. 324 (1859). Ae America.

toxicodendri, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 39, p. 273 (1878).

197. L. obstrictella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. p. 322 (1859). N. America.

bifasciella, Chambers, Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv. Vol. 4, p. ror (1878).

ceriferae, Walsingham, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 33, p. 222 (1907).

198. L. corylella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 3, p. 111 (1871) N. America.

(corylisella).

bifascrella, \Valsingham (nec Chambers), Proc. U S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 33,

p. 223 (1907). -

199. L. aesculella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 3, p. 111 (1871) N. America.

(aesculisella).

200. L. ostryella, Chambers, ibidem, p. 111 (1871) (ostvyarella). N. America.

201. L. aceriella, Clemens, Proc. Acad Nat. Sc. Philad. p. 325 (1859). N. America.

202. L. hamamelieila, Busck, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 5, p. 189 (1903). N. America.

203. L. tubiferella, Clemens. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. p. 208 (1860). N. America.

‘ GROUP C

204. L. albimacula, \Valsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 145 (1897). W. Indies.

205. L. desmodiella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Se. Philad. p. 220 (1859). N. America, W. Indies.

gregariella, Murtfeldt, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 13, p. 245 (1881).

206. L. aglaozona, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.Wales, p. 199 (1852).— EE. Australia.

Plate, Fig. 9.

207. L. desmochrysa, Lower, ibidem, p. 23 (1897). E. Australia.

nigricansella, Tepper, Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austr. p. 280 (1899).

2. GENUS CREMASTOBOMBYCIA, BRAUN

Cremastobombyeia. Braun. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. Vol. 34, p.349 (1908). — Type: C. solidaginis, Frey.

Characters. — Head roughly tufted on crown, face smooth. Antenne about 1, basal joint

rather thick, with slight pecten. Labial palpi moderate, porrected or drooping, filiform, pointed. Maxil-

lary palpi minute or rudimentary. Posterior tibize with loosely appressed hairs. Forewings lanceolate;

3 absent, 4 and 5 connate or stalked, 6 absent, 8 absent, 11 absent. Hindwings about one-half, linear-

lanceolate, cilia 4; 3 absent, 4 absent, 5 and 6 stalked.

Agreeing in general characters with Lithocolletis, particularly in the structure of the head, but with

neuration rather more primitive (an additional vein retained in both wings).

Larva cylindrical, segment 2 broadest, thence tapering posteriorly, legs and prolegs developed;

mining blotches in leaves, with one surface contracted and wrinkled.

Pupa in a cocoon within the mine.

FPoodplants (known for all six species) five Composttae, one Verbenaceae.

Geographical distribution of species. — Confined to North and Central America, but one

species has been introduced into the Hawaiian Islands.

1. C. lantanella, Busck, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 12. p. 133 (1910). C. America, Hawaiian Isl.

2. C. grindeliella. Walsingham, Ins. Life, Vol. 3, p. 327 (1891). N. America.

3. C. solidaguus, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 37; p. 223 (1876). N. America.

4. C, ambrosiella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 3, p. 127 (1871). N. America.

amoena, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 39, p. 269 11878).

5. C. ignota, Frey, ibidem, Vol. 34, p. 215 (1873). — Plate, Fig. 13. N. America.

bostonica, Frey, ibidem, p. 216 (1873).

helianthisella, Chambers, Cincinnati Quart. Journ, Sc. Vol. 1, p. 205 (1874).

helianthivorella, Chambers, ibidem, Vol. 2, p 100 (1875).

elephantopodella, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 39, p. 265 (1878).

actinomeridis, Frey, ibidem, p. 268 (1878).

6. C. verbesinella, Busck, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 23, p. 246 (1900). N. America.

12 LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

3. GENUS _MARMARA, CLEMENS

Marmara. Clemens, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad. Vol. 2, p. 6 (1863). — Type: M. salictella, Clemens.

Characters. — Head smooth. Antenne four-fifths to one, basal joint thick, with slight pecten.

Labial palpi moderately long, porrected, slender, with appressed scales, pointed. Maxillary palpi

moderate, porrected, loosely scaled towards tip. Posterior tibiae smooth-scaled. Forewings lanceolate;

3 absent, 4 absent, 6 absent, 8 absent, 11 absent. Hindwings about one-half, linear-lanceolate, cilia ae

3 absent, 4 absent, 5 and 6 stalked.

Correlated to Lithocolletis, but distinguished by the smooth head.

Imago in repose sitting with forepart somewhat raised.

Larva flattened, deeply incised, segment 2 broadest. thence tapering posteriorly, legs and prolegs

little developed; mining galleries beneath cuticle of twigs or in leaves.

Pupa outside the mine in a cocoon ornamented with frothlike globules, an unique characteristic.

Foodplants (known for all 5 species) diverse, viz. Evtcaceae, Leguminosae, Cactaceae, Salicaceac, and

Liliaceae.

Geographical! distribution of species. — Confined to North America.

1. M. arbutiella, Busck, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 27, p. 772 (1904). N. America.

2. M. salictella, Clemens, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad. Vol. 2, p. 7 (1863). — N. America.

Plate, Fig. 15.

3. M. guilandinella, Busck, Proc U.S. Nat. Mus, Vol, 23, p. 245 (1g00). N. America.

4. M. opuntiella, Busck, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 9, p. 97 (1907). N. America.

5. M. smilaciella, Braun, Ent. News, Philad. Vol. 20, p. 432 (1909) (smilaci- N. America,

sella).

4. GENUS LEUCANTHIZA, CLEMENS

Leucanthiza. Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. p. 327 (1859). — Type: L. amphicarpetfoliella,

Clemens.

Characters. — Head loosely rough-haired on crown. face smooth Antenne 1, basal joint

hardly thickened. Labial palpi short, slender, drooping. Maxillary palpi rudimentary. Posterior tibice

with appressed scales. Forewings lanceolate; 3 absent, 4 absent, 11 absent. Hindwings about one-half,

narrow-lanceolate, cilia 4; 3 absent, 4 absent, 5 and 6 stalked.

Intermediate between Parectopa and Lithocolletis. ;

Larva flattened, deeply incised, tapering posteriorly, legs and prolegs not well developed; mining

a blotch in leaves.

Pupa outside the mine in a cocoon,

Foodplants Leguminosae.

Geographical distribution of species. — Confined to North America.

1. L. amphicarpetfoliella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. p. 327 (185g) N. America.

(amphicarpeaefoliella). — Plate, Figs. 29a, b.

saundersella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 3, p. 205 (1871).

5. GENUS SPANIOPTILA, WALSINGHAM

Spanioptila. Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 148 (1897). — Type: S. spinosa, Walsingham.

Characters. — Head smooth. Antenne over 1, basal joint with slight pecten. Labial palpi long,

slender, drooping, curved, terminal joint shorter than second. Maxillary palpi moderate, filiform,

FAM. GRACILARIADZ 13

porrected. Middle and posterior tibiz and tarsi clothed with spiny hairs, tending to form tufts. Forewings

narrowly elongate-lanceolate; 3 absent, 4 absent, 8 absent, 11 absent. Hindwings one-half, linear,

cilia 5; 3 absent, 6 absent.

A development of Phrixosceles, with reduced neuration.

Early stages unknown.

: Geographical distribution of species. — Confined to West Indian Islands.

1. S. spinosa, Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 148 (1897). W. Indies.

6. GENUS PHRIXOSCELES, Meyrick

Phrixosceles. Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 814 (1908). — Type : P. trochosticha,

Meyrick.

Characters. — Head smooth. Antenne over 1. basal joint moderately elongate. Labial palpi

long, curved, slender, smooth, terminal joint rather shorter than second, pointed. Maxillary palpi short,

filiform, porrected. Middle and posterior tibia and two or three joints of tarsi above with rough

projecting bristly scales. Forewings very narrowly elongate, pointed; 2 and 3 tending to be obsolete at

origin, 8 absent, 11 from near base. Hindwings one-half, linear, cilia 6; 6 and 7 closely approximated.

A modification of Acrocercops.

Early stages unknown.

Geographical distribution of species. — Indo-Malayan, extending into Australia.

1. P. litevaria, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Voi. 18,p.814 (1908). Ceylon.

2. P. campsigrapha, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 814 (1908). — Plate, Tig. 6. Ceylon.

3. P. trochosticha, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 815 (1908). — Plate, Figs. 19a, b, India.

Gy Gh Gs

4. P. hydvocosma, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 815 (1908). India.

5. P. lithographa, nov. sp. 1), Meyrick. E. Australia.

7. GENUS EPICEPHALA, MEyRICK

Epicephala. Meyrick, Proc Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 168 (1880). — Type: E. colymbetella, Meyrick.

Characters. — Head more or less shortly rough-haired, more strongly between antenne, face

smooth. Antenne over 1, basal joint moderate. Labial palpi moderately long, nearly straight, porrected,

with appressed scales or sometimes with second joint tufted beneath, terminal joint somewhat longer

than second, pointed. Maxillary palpi moderate, filiform, porrected. Posterior tibiz with bristly hairs

above. Forewings elongate-lanceolate; 3 absent, 11 from near Fase. Hindwings about one-half, narrow-

lanceolate, cilia 4; 3 sometimes absent, 5 and 6 stalked.

A development of early forms of Acrocercops.

Imago (type species) resting with head appressed to surface, hindpart raised considerably and

seeming to be supported on posterior legs, anterior and middle pairs extended laterally and appressed

1) Phrixosceles lithographa, nov. sp. — 9, 6-7 mm. Head, palpi, antennz, thorax, and abdomen ochreous-whitish. Forewings

very narrow, parallel-sided, short-pointed, obtuse; very pale whitish-ochreous, with about eight irregular fine transverse lines of dark fuscous irroration,

last at about four-fifths, straight, more or less distinctly double; beyond this a short longitudinal line of blackish irroration in middle; a fine blackish line

Tunning round apical margin; cilia whitish, round apex with subbasal and subapical dark fuscous lines. Hindwings light grey; cilia grey-wnitish

Cairns (Dodd); in October, two specimens.

I4 LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

to surface; this curious attitude evidently results from an attempt at better concealment, combined with

inability to get rid of the Gracilariad posture. It does not follow that all species of the genus have the

same habit.

Larva (only type species known) feeding within hard woody seed-capsules.

Pupa within the capsule; when disclosure takes place, the imago is unable to release itself until

the capsule dehisces naturally.

Foodplants Myrtaceae.

Geographical distribution of species. — An Indo-Malayan genus, but ranging into Australia

and South Africa.

1. E. veneranda. Meyrick, Ann. Transv. Mus. Vol. 2,p.24, pl. 8, f. 1(1g09). S. Africa.

2. E. barbitias, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 24, pl. 7, f. 10 (1909). S. Africa.

3. E. pyrrhogastva. Meyrick, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 734 (1908). S. Africa.

4. E. chalybacma, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 811 Ceylon.

(1908).

5. E. exetastis, Meyrick, ibidem, p- 811 (1908). Ceylon.

6. E. frenata, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 812 (1908). — Plate, Figs. 2la, b, c. Ceylon.

7. E. albifrons, Stainton, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. Ser. 2, Vol. 5, p.122(1859). India.

8. E. flagellata, Meyrick,Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol.18,p.812(1908). Ceylon.

g. E. trigonophora, Turner, Trans. Roy. Soc S. Austral. p. 21 (1g00). Ceylon, E. Australia.

10. E. colymbetella, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.Wales, p. 169 (1880).— E. Australia.

Plate, Fig. 8.

11. E. acrobaphes, Turner, Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austral. p. 22 (1900). E. Australia.

12. E. albistriatella, Turner, ibidem, p. 129 (1894). E. Australia.

13. E. australis, Turner, ibidem, p. 2 (1896). E. Australia.

14. EF. bromias, Meyrick, Rec. Ind. Mus. Vol. 5, p. 227 (1910). India.

15. E. stauropa, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb Nat. Hist.Soc.Vol.18, p.813(1908). India.

16. E. calasivis, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 813 (1908). India.

8. GENUS ACROCERCOPS, WALLENGREN

Acrocercops. Wallengren, Ent. Tidskr. Vol. 2, p. g5 (1881). — Type : A. brongniardella, Fabricius.

? AEsyle. Chambers, Cincinnati Quart. Journ. Sc. Vol. 2, p. 98 (1875). — Type: A. fasciella, Chambers.

Eucosmophora. Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p 148 (1897). — Type : A. dives, Walsingham.

Dialectica. Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 150 (1897). — Type: A. scalariella, Zeller.

Conopomorpha. Meyrick, Trans. New Zeal. Inst. p. 183 (1885). — Type: A. cyanospila, Meyrick.

Characters. — Head smooth. Antennae one to one and a half, basal joint moderate. Labial

palpi long, curved, ascending, smooth or sometimes rough-scaled beneath throughout, or tufted

towards apex of second joint, terminal joint about as long as second, pointed. Maxillary palpi moder-

ately long to very short, filiform, porrected (in group A sometimes hardly perceptible). Posterior tibize

with row of bristly hairs above Forewings very narrowly elongate, more or less pointed; 3 sometimes

out of 4 or absent, 5 seldom out of 7. 6 and 7 sometimes stalked, 8 rarely out of 7 near base, 11 from

near base. Hindwings about one-half, narrow-lanceolate to linear, cilia 4 to 8; 3 usually absent,

5 and 6 connate or stalked.

An extensive genus, derived from Parectopfa. The name A#syle was with drawn by its author and

has never been in use; I see no reason to revive it!/The reduced neuration attributed to Eucosmophora,

Walsingham, is erroneous.

Imago resting with forepart considerably raised, and anterior pairs of legs prominently displayed,

FAM. GRACILARIAD 15

some species also sometimes with head appressed to surface and anterior pairs of legs spread out

sideways as in Eficephala.

Larva cylindrical, tapering posteriorly, segments more or less deeply incised. legs and prolegs

developed; usually mining blotches in leaves, seldom in fruits or galls.

Pupa sometimes within the mine, more often in a cocoon outside.

Foodplants (known for thirty-eight species) very diverse, representing sixteen Orders; of these

Cupuliferae, Boraginaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Compositae are most

the Myrtaceae, Leguminosae, Malvaceae,

favoured.

Geographical distribution of species. — Principally Indo-Malayan and Australian, but

represented to some extent in every region; doubtless of Indian origin. In those regions where it is

dominant it appears to take the place of Lithocolletis, and to show a corresponding degree of develop-

ment; this may probably indicate contemporaneity of origin.

GROUP A

1. A. chrysargyra, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 818 India.

(1908).

2. A. eupetala, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 160 (1880). E. Australia.

3. A. eumetalla, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 160 (1880). E. Australia.

4. A. heliopla, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 57 (1907). Tasmania.

5. A. alysidota, Meyrick, ibidem, p 161(1880).— Plate, Figs.10, 28a, b. Australia.

6. A. hofmanmella, Schleich, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 28, p. 452 (1867). C. and S. E. Europe.

imperialella, Stainton (nec Mann), Nat. Hist. Tin. Vol. 8, p. 194, pl. 5,

f. 3 (1864).

7. A. mmperialella, Mann. Linn. Ent. Vol. 2, p. 365 (1847). C. Europe.

8. A. onosmodiella, Busck, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 25, p. 409 (1902) N. America.

(puosmodiella).

GROUP B

g. A. argyrodesma, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, p. 194 (1882). E. Australia.

10. A. stricta. Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 815 Ceylon.

(1908).

ii. A. acidula, Meyrick, Ent. M. Mag. Vol. 47. p. 213 (EHD India.

12. A. pentalocha, nov. sp. 1). Meyrick. India.

13. A. eugeniella, van Deventer, Tijdschr. v. Ent. Vol. 47, p. 11, pl.1,f.4 Java.

(1904).

14. A. urbana, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 816 India.

_ (1908).

15. A. ovdimatella. Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 145 (1880). Ceylon, E. ‘Australia.

16. A. ivrvovata, Turner, Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austral. p. 124 (1894). E. Australia.

17. A. geologica, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 816 Ceylon.

(1908).

18. A. quadyifasciata, Stainton, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (3), Vol. 1, p. 295, India.

pl. ro, f. 5 (1863).

19. A. Hedemannz, Rebel, Ann. Natur. Hofmus. Wien, Vol. 11, p. 136, Madeira, Canary Isl.

pl. 3, f. 15 (1896).

zt) Acrocercops pentalocha, nov. sp. —o 9,5mm. Head and palpi white. Thorax greyish-ochreous. Forewings narrow-lanceolate;

light brownish-ochreous, sprinkled with dark fuscous points along costa and dorsum: five narrow white transverse fasciz, edged with a sprinkling of dark

fuscous points, first near base, inwardly oblique, only distinct on costa, next three direct, entire, second at one-third, third rather beyond middle, fourth

at three fourths, fifth near apex, angulated inwards in middle and edged anteriorly with black suffusion : cilia pale whitish-ochreous, at apex with an

undefined hook of blackish irroration, at tornus with a white patch. Hindwinys grey; cilia grey-whitish. Karwar, Kanara (Maxwell); in August,

three specimens.

16 LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

20. A. malvacea, Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 980 (1907). N. Africa.

ai. A. bifasciata, Walsingham, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 126, pl. 6, f. 68 WW. Africa.

(1891).

22. A. tricuneatella, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, p. 146(1880). E. Australia.

23. A. zaplaca, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 54 (1907). E. Australia.

24. A. sebastianiella, Busck, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 23, p. 251 (1g00). N. America.

25. A. gunniella, Busck, ibidem, Vol. 30, p. 731 (1906). N. America.

26. A. venustella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. p. 6 (1860). N. America.

eupatoriella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 4, p 9 (1872).

27. A. fasciella, Chambers, Cincinnati Quart. Journ. Sc. Vol. 2. p. 98 (1875). N. America.

quingquenotella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 9, p. 124 (1877).

28. A. albinotella, Chambers, ibidem, Vol. 4, p. 25 (1872) (albinatella). N. America.

29. A. interpositella, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 37, p. 211 (1876). N. America.

30. A. nolckenvella, Zeller, Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross. Vol. 13, p. 412, pl. 6, f. 145 S. America.

(1877).

31. A. mitidula, Stainton, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lund. (3), Vol. 1, p. 299, pl. 10 India.

f. g (1863).

32. A. tevminaliae, Stainton, ibidem, p. 298, pl. 10, f. 8 (1863). India.

33. A cathedraea, Meyrick Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 817 India.

(1908).

34. A. Rendalli, Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 151 (1897). W. Indies.

35. A. autadelpha, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, p. 147 (1880). E. Australia.

36. A. caenotheta, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 148 (1880). E. Australia.

7. A. chionoplecta, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 195 (1882). E. Australia.

38. A. trapezoides, Turner, Trans. Roy. Soc. 5, Austral p. 123 (1894). E. Australia.

39. A. hoplocala, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, p. 149 (1880). — E. Australia.

Plates bilge: if

40. A. calicella, Stainton, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (3), Vol. 1, p. 297 (1863). E. Australia.

41. A. eximiella, Christoph, Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross. Vol. 22, p. 314 (1888). Asia Minor.

2. A. simplomella, von Réslerstamm, Abbild. Schmett. p. 197, pl. 70, f. 3 C. Europe.

(1544).

43. A. albimaculella, Turner, Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austral. p. 125 (1894). E. Australia.

44. A. ortholocha, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc.Vol.18,p.817(1g08). India.

45. A. triplaca, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 817 (1908). India.

46. A. triacris, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 818 (1908). Ceylon.

47. A. orbifera, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 818 (1908). India.

48. A. vesplendens, Stainton, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (3), Vol. 1, p. 294, India.

pl. ro, f. 4 (1863). — Plate, Figs. 20a, b, c.

49. A. sanctaecrucis, Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 151 (1897). W. Indies.

50. A. archepolis, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 56 (1907). S. Australia.

51. A. euchlamyda, Turner, Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austral. p. 126 (1894). E. Australia.

52. A. obscurella, Turner, ibidem, p 125 (1894). E. Australia.

53. A. habyodes, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, p. 57 (1907). W. Australia.

54. A. dasmophorva, Meyrick, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 735 (1908). Sp Auinicn,

GROUP CG

55. A. mendosa, nov. spec. 1), Meyrick. E. Australia.

56. A. omissella, Stainton, The Zoologist, p. 2163 (1848). C. Europe.

1) ACrocercops mendosa, nov. sp. — G, 9mm. Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous-whitish. Palpi white, with subajical ring of

second joint and subbasal ring of terminal joint fuscous. Antenne white ringed with dark fuscous. Forewings very narrowly elongate-lanceolate; shining

whitish ; markings pale ochreous finely sprinkled with dark fuscous ; 2 short longitudinal streak in middle of disc, two shorter consecutive streaks beneath

it, one on tornus, and one above this; a patch extending along apical two-fifths of costa, including two oblique white costal strigula, and some irregular

markings beneath this; a blackish streak along costa towards apex, cilia ochreous-whitish, round apex with a dark fuscous median line. Hindwings

linear, whitish-grey ; cilia 8, whitish. Cairns, Queensland (Dodd); in October, one specimen.

FAM. GRACILARIADZ 17

57. A. antimacha, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, p 58 (1907). W. Australia.

58. A. ophiodes, Turner, Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austral. p. 2 (1896). E. Australia.

59. A. leptalea, Yurner, ibidem, p. 21 (1900). E. Australia.

60. A. albomarginata, Stainton, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (3), Vol. 1, p. 294 E. Australia.

DleELO, hs 31( TSS):

61. A. strigifinitella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. p. 6 (1860). N. America.

62. A. boreella, Clemens, Proc. Ent Soc. Philad. Vol. 2, p. 415 (1864) Labrador.

(doreasella).

GROUP D

63. A. tetracrena, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 819 Ceylon.

(1908).

64. A. castellata, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 819 (1908). Ceylon.

65. A. tvicyma, Meyrick, ibidem, p 819 (1908). India.

66. A. isodelta, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 820 (1908). Ceylon.

67. A. zadoczea, nov. sp. 1), Meyrick. Ceylon.

68. A. macrochalca, Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 373 (1g¢10). Mauritius.

69. A. chionochtha, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 59 (1907). S. Australia.

70. A. tristaniae, Turner, Trans. Roy. Soc. 5. Austral. p. 130 (1894). EE. Australia.

71. A. parallela, Turner, ibidem, p. 130 (1894). E. Australia.

72. A. heteropsis, Lower. ibidem, p. 112 (1894). E. Australia.

73. A. scalariella, Zeller, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 11, p. 160 (1850). S. Europe, N. Africa.

74. A. apicistrigata, Walsingham, Trans. Ent. Soc Lond. p. 126, pl. 6, W. Africa.

f. 67 (1891).

A. lyrica, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p.820(1g08). Ceylon.

. gemoniella, Stainton, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (3), Vol. 1, p. 297, India, Ceylon.

pl. ro, f. 6 (1863).

77. A. argyraspis, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 820 India.

SION

Ov or

(1908).

78. A. neveis, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales. p. 163 (1880). E. Australia.

fluorescens, Turner, Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austral. p. 127 (1894).

79. A. laciniella, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 164 (1880). E. Australia.

80. A. plebeia, Turner, Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austral. p. 131 (1894). E. Australia.

81. A. unilineata, Turner, ibidem, p. 131 (1894). E. Australia.

$2. A. didymella, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S Wales, p. 164 (1880).— Australia.

Plate, Fig. 32.

83. A. ochrocephala, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 162 (1880). E. Australia.

GROUP E

84. A. glutella, van Deventer, Tijdschr. v. Ent. Vol. 47, p. 20, pl. 1,f.7 Java.

(1904).

85. A. vanula, nov, sp. 2), Meyrick. India.

86. A. galeopa, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p.821(1g08). India.

87. A. ochronephela, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 821 (1908). India.

1) Acrocercops zadocea, nov. sp. es Q,10mm. Head silvery-white. Palpi fuscous, apical half of terminal joint whitish. Antenn=

whitish-grey, at base of stalk with some short black scales above, basal joint blackish, with rough projecting scales beneath. Thorax brownish, with a broad

silvery-white dorsal stripe edged with blackish. Abdomen grey. Forewings very narrowly elongate-lanceolate; bronzy-brown; markings silvery-white

edged with black ; a dorsal streak from base to middle of wing, narrowed at one-fifth, beyond this forming a triangular blotch reaching two-thirds across

wing; a trapezoidal blotch extending on dorsum from near beyond this to beyond three-fourths, narrowed upwards, reaching more than half across wing

upper edge subconcave ; an oval spot occupying wing close before apex : cilia grey. Hindwings dark grey; cilia grey. Peradeniya (Green); in February,

one specimen.

2) Acrocercops vanula, nov. sp. —G,§mm. Head, palpi, antennz, thorax, and legs shining whitish. Abdomen pale grey, anal tuft

whitish. Forewings narrowly elongate-lanceolate; shining whitish; three very undefined transverse fasciz of greyish-ochreous suffusion, first near base,

second in middle, third towards apex ; cilia whitish, on costa with a greyish subbasal line. Hindwings grey; cilia whitish-grey. Karwar, Kanara (Max-

well); in September, one specimen.

18 LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

88. A. diffluella, van Deventer, Tijdschr. v. Ent. Vol. 47, p. 17, pl. 1. f. 6 Java.

(1904).

8g. A. cycloba, Meyrick, Rec. Ind. Mus. Vol. 2, p. 398 (1908). India.

go. A. sauvopis, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 821 India.

(1908).

GROUP F

gi. A. ovnata, Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 149 (1897). W. Indies.

g2. A. insulella, Walsingham, ibidem, p. 538 (1891). W. Indies.

93. A. cupreella, Walsingham, ibidem, p. 150 (1897). \. Indies.

94. A. sidevoxylella, Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 23, p. 250 (1900) N. America.

(sideroxylonella).

g5. A. dives, Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 149 (1897). W. Indies.

g6. A. teleayvcha, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 821 Ceylon.

(1g08).

97. A. mantica, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 822 (1908). India.

g8. A. cornicina, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 822 (1908). India.

98. A. barringtoniella, van Deventer, Tijdschr. v. Ent. Vol. 47, p. 14, pl. 1, India, Java.

f. 5 (1904).

100. A. macroplaca, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb, Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 823 India.

(1908).

101. A. melanoplecta, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 823 (1908). India.

102. A. thraustica, Meyrick, Rec. Ind. Mus. Vol. 2, p. 398 (1908). India.

GROUP G

103. A. leuconota, Zeller, Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross. Vol. 13, p. 414, pl. 6, f. 146 S. America.

(1877).

104. A. xentella, Zeller, ibidem, p. 418, pl. 6, f. 149 (1877). . America.

105. A. urbanella, Zeller, ibidem, p. 419, pl. 6, f. 150 (1877). S. America. .

106. 4. brongniardella, Fabricius, Suppl. Ent. Syst. p. 496 (1798). C.and S. Europe, N. Africa.

substviga, Haworth, Lep. Brit. p. 532 (1828). i

= curtisella, Duponchel, Hist. Nat. Lép. Fr. Vol. 11, p. 546, pl. 309, f. 4

(1838).

guercetellum, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 2, p. 366 (1847).

107. A. pyrigenes, Turner, Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austral. p. 1 (1896). kk. Australia.

nitidula, Varner, ibidem, p 128 (1894) (preocc.),

108. A. cvamerella, Snellen, Tijdschr. v. Ent. Vol. 46, p. 84 (1g04). Java.

109. A, hierocosma, nov. sp. 1), Meyrick. N. Australia.

t10. A. aeolelia, Meyrick. Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 167 (1880). I~. Australia.

111. A. ochridorsella, Meyrick, ibidem,. p. 166 (1880). E. Australia.

112. A. apicipunctella, \Valsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 540 (1891) W. Indies.

(apicepunctella). j

113. A. permixtella, Walsingham, ibidem, p. 152 (1897). W. Indies.

114. A fplocamis, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p.823 Ceylon.

(1905).

1) Acrocercops hierocosma, nov. sp. — 9,13mm. Head dark fuscous, face white. Palpi white, second joint loosely scale !, dark

fuscous except apex, terminal joint with slender dark fuscous rings above and below middle. Antenne dark fuscous, becoming white towards apex. Thorax

brownish mixed with dark fuscous. Abdomen fuscous, beneath white, marked with oblique dark fuscous streaks on sides. Forewings sublinear, short-

pointed; brown suffusedly marked with black along margins and fold; six fine transverse whitish lines suffusedly margined with black, first near base,

not reaching dorsum, second and third converging towards costa, third and fourth converging towards and connected on dorsum, fifth and sixth conver-

ging towards middle of costa; an outwardly oblique white streak from tornus, reaching half across wing, wing before this suffused with dark fuscous,

apical fourth of wing orange, marked with three violet-silvery-metallic spots, on costa dark fuscous with six whitish strigulz, third metallic spot preceding

asmall black apical spot ; cilia grey, on termen with two dark fuscous lines, at apex with an oblique dark fuscous hook. Hindwings linear, dark grey;

cilia 8, grey. Port Darwin (Dodd); one specimen.

FAM. GRACILARIADA® 1g

r1). A. telests, Meyrick, Ent. M. Mag. Vol. 47, p. 213 (1911). India.

116. 4. convoluta, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 824 India, Ceylon.

(1908).

117 A. strophala, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 824 (1908). India, Ceylon.

118. A. patricia, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 825 (1908). India.

11g. A. orientalis, Stainton, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. 3, p. 301 (1855). India.

120. A. cyanospila, Meyrick, Trans. New Zeal. Inst. Vol. 18, p. 183 (1886). New Zealand.

rai. A. ustulatella, Stainton, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.(2), Vol.5,p.121(1859). India, Ceylon.

tsochorda, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 17, p, 746 (1907).

9. GENUS STOMPHASTIS, Nov. GEN., MEYRICK.

Characters. — Head with appressed scales. Antenne over 1, basal joint moderate. Labial

palpi moderately long, curved, ascending, loosely scaled throughout, second joint with projecting hairs

towards apex beneath, terminal joint as long as second, somewhat pointed. Maxillary palpi moderate,

filiform, porrected. Posterior tibiz with row of short bristly scales above. Forewings very narrowly

elongate; 3 absent, 4 from lower angle of cell, 5 and 6 out of 7, 8 absent, g out of 7 near base, 11 from

near base. Hindwings about one-half, narrow-lanceolate, cilia 5; 4 absent, 5 and 6 stalked.

Possibly correlated to early forms of Acrocercops.

Early stages unknown.

Geographical distribution of species. — Indian.

1. S. plectica, nov. sp. 1), Meyrick. — Plate, Figs. 1, 26. India.

10. GENUS PARECTOPA, CLEMENS

Parectopa. Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. p. 210 (1860). — Type: P. lespedezifoltella, Clemens.

Macarostola. Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 62 (1907). — Type: P. formosa, Stainton.

CEcophyllembius. Silvestri, Boll. Lab. Zool. Portici, Vol. 2, p. 196 (1908). — Type: P. latifoliella,

Milliére.

Characters. — Head with appressed scales. Antenne over 1, basal joint moderate. Labial

palpi moderately long, curved, ascending, second joint sometimes rough-scaled or tufted beneath

towards apex, terminal joint as long as second, acute. Maxillary palpi moderate, filiform, porrected.

Middle tibiz smooth, scales sometimes expanded at apex only; posterior tibie smooth-scaled. Fore-

wings very narrowly elongate; 3 sometimes absent, 6 and 7 sometimes stalked, seldom 8 out of 7 near

base, 11 from near base of cell. Hindwings about one-half to two-thirds, linear-lanceolate, cilia 4-5;

3 sometimes absent or connate with 4, 5 and 6 usually stalked, rarely 6 and 7 stalked.

A development of Gracilaria, representing the stem from which most of the genera of the family

have originated. The earlier forms are beautifully coloured with crimson and yellow tints.

1) Stomphastis plectica, nov. sp. — ¢ 9, 8-10mm. Head white, crown pale fuscous except on sides. Palpi white, second joint grey

except towards apex, with rough projecting white scales beneath. Antenne grey. Thorax fuscous, with two white stripes. Abdomen grey. Forewings

elongate, very narrow. rather short-pointed; a blackish subcostal line from base to middle; a row of several blackish dots above middie from base,

terminating in a blackish streak in middle of disc: a blackish line along fold; a moderately broad white dorsal streak from base to tornus, pointed

posteriorly, edged with black above from base to an oblique projection beyond middle, containing a series of fuscous or black dots anteriorly and a fuscous

or black longitudinal mark posteriorly; two slender white streaks meeting ata very acute angle in disc towards apex, strongly edged with black anteriorly ;

a fine longitudinal white streak below these; apical area strewn with blackish white-tipped scales, crossed by an obtusely angulated leaden-metallic line ;

a black apical dot : cilia white, with black basal line, on costa with outer half dark fuscous, on termen witha black median line and apical hook, beneath

tornus grey. Hindwings and cilia grey. Karwar, Kanara (Maxweli); in August, three specimens.

20 LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

Imago resting with forepart considerably raised, and two anterior pairs of legs prominently

displayed.

Larva cylindrical. tapering posteriorly, legs and prolegs more or less well developed; usually

mining blotches in leaves, but in the more primitive forms sometimes in latest stage rolling a piece of

a leaf into a conical chamber, as in Gracilaria.

Pupa in a cocoon outside the mine.

Foodplants (known for 18 species) diverse, representing 8 Orders; the Myvtaceae ave especially

frequented by primitive forms, the Leguminosae and Compositae by those later developed.

Geographical distribution of species. — Cosmopolitan, but the more primitive forms are

most numerous in the Indian region, which is doubtless the place of origin, spreading thence into

Australia and New Zealand; in the other regions only the higher forms occur.

GROUP A

t. P. latifoliella, Milliere, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. p. 219, pl. 5, f. 10-13 (1887). S. Europe.

— Plate, Figs. 22a, b.

neglectus, Silvestri, Boll. Lab. Zool. Portici, Vol. 2, p. 199 (1908).

2. P. pulvevella, Walsingham, Proc Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 153 (1897). W. Indies.

3. P. aethalota, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S Wales. p. 143 (1880). New Zealand.

4. P. texanella, Busck. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 30, p. 732 (1906). N. America.

5. P. grisella, van Deventer, Tijdschr. v. Ent. Vol. 47, p. 27, pl.2,f. 3(1904). Java.

6. P. capmias, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p.826 (1908). Ceylon.

7. P. picroglossa, nov. sp. 1), Meyrick. ; Ceylon.

8. P. epibathra, Walsingham, Faun. Haw. Vol.1, p.722, pl. 25, f. 27 (1907). Hawaiian Is.

g. P. marginistrigata, \WWalsingham, ibidem, p. 721, pl. 25, f. 26 (1907) Hawaiian Is.

(marginestrvigata).

10. P. lithocolletina, Zeller, Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross. Vol. 13, p. 415, pl. 6, f. 147 S. America.

(1877).

11. P. quadristrigella, Zeller, ibidem, p. 416, pl. 6, f. 148 (1877). S. America.

12. P. cupediella, Herrich-Schaffer, Schmett. Europ. Vol. 5, p. 292, f. 803 S. E. Europe.

(1855).

13. P. nesitis, Walsingham, Proc Zool. Soc. Lond p. 153 (1897). W. Indies.

14. P. plantaginella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 4, p. 10 (1872) N. America.

(plantaginisella).

getella, Chambers, Cincinnati Quart. Journ. Sc. Vol. 1, p. 200 (1874)

ertgeronella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 9, p. 127 (1877).

15. P. astericola, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 34. p. 204 (1873). N. America.

16. P. pavoniella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 2, p. 362 (1847). C. Europe.

17. P. ononudiis, Zeller, Isis, p. 209 (1839). N. and C. Europe.

18. P. lespedezifoliella, Clemens, Proc Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. p. 210 (1860) N. America.

(lespedezaefoliella).

mirabilis, Frey. Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 34, p. 203 (1873).

19. P. vobiniella, Clemens, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. Vol. 2, p. 4 (1863). N. America.

20. P. theymopsella, Chambers, Cincinnati Quart. Journ. Sc. Vol. 2, p. 300 N. America.

(1875).

21. P. bosquella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 8, p. 33 (1876). N. America.

22. P. pennsylvaniella, Engel, Ent. News, Philad. Vol. 18, p. 478 (1907). N. America.

23. P. undosa, Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc, Lond. p. 153 (1897). W. Indies.

1) Parectopa picrog ossa, nov. sp. — 9,7mm. Head whitish somewhat mixed with grey. Palpi whitish, terminal joint with dark

grey median band. Thorax grey mixed with whitish. Abdomen grey. Forewings narrowly elongate-lanceolate; dark grey; basal area suffusedly

strigulated with white; four pairs of rather oblique white streaks from costa, reaching half across wing; dorsal half of wing indistinctly strigulated with

white, with a stronger white streak opposite first costal pair, a small triangular white spot beyond middle, and another before tornus; a blackish apical

dot edged with white anteriorly : cilia whitish-grey, with two blackish lines diverging beneath. Hindwings and cilia grey. Maskeliya (Pole); in January,

one specimen,

FAM. GRACILARIADA®

24. P. perisphena, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb, Nat. Hist.Soc.Vol.16,p.613(1g05). India, Ceylon,

25. P onychota, Meyrick, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 735 (1908). S. Africa.

26. P. thalassias, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, p. 158 (1880). E. Australia.

27. P. toxomacha, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 197 (1882). E. Australia.

28. P. ophidias, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 62 (1907). S. Australia.

29. P. lyginella, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 157 (1880). E. Australia.

30. P. amalopa, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 63 (1907). W. Australia.

31. P. leucochorda, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 826 India.

(1908).

32. P. randiella, Busck, Proc U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 23, p. 247 (1go0). N. America.

33. P. quinquestrigella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 7, p. 75 (1875). N. America.

34 P. rhombiferella, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 37, p. 212 (1876). N. America.

35. P. salicifoliella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 4, p. 25 (1872). N. America.

36. P. kollariella, Zeller, Isis, p 209 (1839). C. Europe, Asia Minor.

37. P. evadatella, Herrich-Schiaffer, Schmett. Europ. Vol. 5, p. 293, f. gg2_ C. Europe.

(1855).

38. P. leucocyma, Meyrick, Trans. New Zeal. Inst. Vol. 21, p. 184 (1889). New Zealand. pew

3g. P. albomarginata, Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 154 (1897). W. Indies,_——_ “~~

--40. P. aellomacha, Meyrick. Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 158 (1880). | New Zealand.

-41. P. parvadoxa, Frey. Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 34, p. 205 (1873). N. America.

__ 42. P. attenuata, Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 154 (1897). W. Indies.

43. P. mnesicala, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 156 (1880). E. Australia.

GROUP B

44. P. miniella, Felder, Reise Novara, Lep. Heter. pl. rqo, f. 42 (1875).— New Zealand.

Plate, Fig. 3.

ethela, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 152 (1880).

45. P.thiasodes, nov. sp. 1), Meyrick. Ceylon.

46. P. paradisia, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 826 Ceylon.

(1908).

47. P. Iueranthes, Meyrick, ibidem, Vol. 17, p. 745 (1907). Ceylon.

48. P. thriambica, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 745 (1907). — Plate, Fig. 2. Ceylon.

4g. P. coccinea, Walsingham, in Swinhoe, Cat. Het. Vol. 2, p. 576 (1900). _ India.

50. P. Zehntneri, Snellen, Tijdschr. v. Ent. Vol. 44, p. 91, pl.6,f.6(1g01). Java.

51. P. haemataula, nov. sp. 2), Meyrick. India.

52. P. callischema, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p.827 India.

(1908).

53. P. tegulata, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 827 (1908). India. :

54. P. 1da, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales. p. 155 (1880). Australia.

35. P. polyplaca, Lower, Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austral. p. 112 (1894). E. Australia.

56. P. formosa, Stainton, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (3), Vol. 1, p. 291, pl. 10, E. Australia.

f. 1 (1863).

1) Parectopa thiasodes, nov. sp. — 9, 12mm. Head silvery-white, face with two carmine spots, back and sides of crown yellow.

Palpi carmine-rose, second joint with rough projecting grey scales beneath towards apex, terminal joint white, suffused with yellow towards apex.

Antennz grey. Thorax carmine, with broad yellow dorsal stripe. Abdomen grey, beneath silvery-whitish ringed with dark grey. Forewings very narrowly

elongate-lanceolate : crimson rose; a thick dark grey streak above middle from base to five-sixths, reaching costa on median third, its apex acute-pointed;

four indistinct oblique yellowish streaks from costa between one-fourth and two-thirds, hardly reaching half across wing, fourth followed by an elongate

yellow dot in disc; a very irregular-edged bright yellow dorsal streak from base to tornus, finely black-margined, almost interrupted by semicircular

indentations at one-third and two-thirds, apex terminating in an upwards-oblique acute projection ; costal edge and cilia grey from beyond two-thirds to

near apex, edged beneath by a blackish line terminated by a small grey spot before apex; a fine white mark along termen above tornus : cilia light grey

tound apex yellow. Hindwings rather dark grey ; cilia grey. Namunukuli (Green); in February, one specimen.

2) Parectopa hzemataula, nov. sp. — 9, 9 mm. Thorax crimson. Forewings very narrowly elongate, short-pointed; crimson ;

markings yellow-whitish, partially black-edged ; thick very oblique streaks from costa beyond one-fourth and beyond middle, reaching half across wing,

first bent; three triangular dorsal spots reaching half across wing, first near base, narrower than others, second in middle, third before tornus, connected

by 2 bluish-silvery black-edged premarginal line with a small triangular apical spot; a brown spot marked with black on costa before apex: cilia grey, on

costa and round apex crimson, with a yellowish-white apical spot. Hindwings grey; cilia pale grey, with a faint purplish tinge. Kanara (Maxwell); in

October, one specimen.

22 LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

11. GENUS CYPHOSTICHA, MEyYrRick

Cyphosticha. Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, p. 61 (1907). — Type : C. pyrochroma, Turner.

Characters. — Head smooth. Antenne over 1, basal joint moderate, Labial palpi long,

curved, ascending, with appressed scales, terminal joint as long as second, pointed. Maxillary palpi

moderate, filiform, porrected. Middle tibiz elongated and thickened with dense scales; posterior tibia

with row of bristly hairs above. Forewings very narrowly elongate-lanceolate; 3 sometimes absent,

6 and 7 sometimes stalked, rr from near base. Hindwings about one-half, linear-lanceolate, cilia 5;

3 sometimes absent, 5 and 6 stalked.

The relationship of the three species placed here is at present obscure; they may be more nearly

allied to Acrocercops.

Early stages unknown.

Geographical distribution of species. — Indian and Australian regions.

1. C. acvolitha, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 825 Ceylon.

(1908). — Plate, Fig. 12.

2. C. microta, Turner, Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austral. p. 128 (1894). E. Australia.

. C. pyrochroma, Turner, ibidem, p. 129 (1894). E. Australia.

12. GENUS ARISTAEA, MEyRICK

Aristzea. Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 52 (1907). — Type: A. periphanes, Meyrick.

Characters. — Head and face loosely rough-haired. Antenne one, basal joint moderately

elongate, without pecten. Labial palpi long, ascending, second joint anteriorly with long rough

projecting scales, terminal joint as long as second, pointed, anteriorly with rough projecting scales

diminishing to apex. Maxillary palpi moderate, filiform, porrected. Posterior tibia smooth-scaled.

Forewings elongate-lanceolate; 3 absent, 11 from near middle of cell. Hindwings two-thirds, lanceolate,

cilia 2; 3 absent, 5 and 6 stalked.

A curious genus, by no means very near any other of the family, perhaps an early form.

Early stages unknown.

Geographical distribution of species. — Only known from Tasmania.

1. A. pervtphanes, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 52 (1907). — Tasmania.

Plates Bigs. 5, aOan bic:

13. GENUS ORNIX, TREITSCHKE

Ornix. Treitschke, Schmett. Europ. Vol. 9, p. 192 (1833). -- Type: O. gultea, Haworth

Characters. — Head rough-haired, face smooth. Antenne about one. basal joint moderate,

without pecten. Labial palpi moderately long, slightly curved, porrected or subascending, smooth-

scaled, terminal joint shorter than second, pointed. Maxillary palpi moderately long, filiform, porrected.

Posterior tibia smooth-scaled. Forewings elongate-lanceolate; 3 absent, 6 and 7 usually stalked, 11 from

towards base. Hindwings two-thirds, narrow-lanceolate, cilia 2-3; 3 sometimes absent, 5 and 6 some-

times stalked.

FAM. GRACILARIADZ® 23

Apparently a development of Gracilaria, from which however it is very distinct.

Imago with forepart in repose strongly raised and two anterior pairs of legs prominently

displayed.

Larva cylindrical, broadest anteriorly, tapering posteriorly, legs and prolegs developed; at first

mining a blotch in leaves, afterwards within a folded corner of the leaf.

Pupa within a folded corner of the leaf.

Foodplants (known for thirty species) almost wholly Dicotyledonous trees and shrubs, no species

feeding habitually on a herbaceous plant; half are Rosaceae and a quarter Betulaceae, the remainder

Evtcaceae, Salicaceae, Cupuliferae, and Aceraceae.

Geographical distribution of species. — Wholly confined to temperate regions of the

Northern hemisphere, except one species in the West Indian islands. Probably, like Lithocollets, it is of

North American origin, and recent in time.

GROUP A

1. O. guttea, Haworth, Lep. Brit. p. 531 (1828). — Plate, Fig. I6. Europe, N. America.

? gyllenhalella, Thunberg, Diss. Ent. Vol. 7, p. 89 (1794).

guttiferella, Duponchel, Hist. Nat. Lép. Fr. Vol. 11, pl. 306, f. 11 (1838).

2 coffeella, Zetterstedt, Ins. Lapp. p. 1009 (1840).

solitariella, Dietz, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. Vol. 33, p. 290, pl. 4, f. 1 (1907).

. O. interruptella, Zetterstedt, Ins. Lapp. p. 100g (1840). N. and C. Europe.

caelatella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 2, p. 585 (1847).

iS)

3. O. Pfaffenzellert, Frey, Tinein. Schweiz. p. 245 (1856). C, Europe.

4. O. msperatella, Nickerl, Wien. Ent. Monatschr. Vol. 8, p. 5,pl. 5, f. 12 C. Europe.

(1864).

5. O. kalmiella, Dietz, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. Vol. 33, p. 291, pl. 4, f.3 N. America.

(1907).

6. O. preciosella, Dietz, ibidem, p. 291, pl. 4, f. 2 (1907). N. America.

GROUP B

7. O. loganella, Stainton. The Zoologist, p. 2162 (1848). W. C. Europe.

8. O. distinctella, Nolcken, |_ep. Faun. Liv. p. 636 (1870). N. E. Europe:

g. O. polygrammella, Wocke, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol 23. p. 242 (1862). N. Europe.

10. O. alpicola, WWocke, Breslau. Ent. Zeitschr. p. 48 (1877). C. Europe.

ri. O. petiolella, Frey, Linn. Ent. Vol. 15, p. 17 (1861). C. Europe.

12. O. fagwora, Frey, ibidem, Vol. 15, p. 19 (186r). C. Europe.

devontella, Frey (nec Stainton), Tinein. Schweiz. p 252 (1856).

13. O. carpmella, Frey, Linn. Ent. Vol. 15, p. 21 (1861). C. Europe.

14. O. anglicella, Stainton, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. 1, p. g2 (1850). C. Europe.

fragariae, Stainton, Entom, Ann. p. 161 (1874).

15. O. avellanella, Stainton, Ins. Brit. Tin. p. 204 (1854). — Plate, N. and C. Europe.

Figs. 27a, b,c.

?devoniella, Stainton, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. 1, p. 89 (1850).

16. O. fimtimella, Zeller, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 11, p. 162 (1850). C. and S. Europe.

17. O. torquillella, Zeller, ibidem, p. 161 (1850). Europe.

18. O. scoticella, Stainton, Trans Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. 1, p. 94 (1850). Europe.

?canella, Vengstrom, Notiser Sallskap pro Fauna Fenn, Forhandl. Vol. 4,

p- 193 (1859).

1g. O. fulluzella, Chrétien, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. p. 203 (1898). W. C. Europe.

20. O. betulae, Stainton, Ins. Brit. Tinein. p. 205 (1854). N. and C. Europe.

scutulatella, Stainton, ibidem, p, 206 (1854).

21. O. anguliferella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 2, p. 377 (1847). C. Europe, Asia Minor.

22. O. amplialella, Stainton, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. r. p. 95 (1850). S. Europe.

LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

23. O. sauberiella, Sorhagen, Zeitschr. f. Ins.-Biol. Vol. 1, p. 256 (1905). C. Europe.

24. O. Eppelsheimi, Fuchs, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 62, p. 386 (1901). C. Europe.

25. O. innotata, Walsingham, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 3, p. 224 N. America.

; (1907).

} 26. O. trepidella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. p. 7 (1860). N. America.

27. O. crataegifoliella, Clemens, ibidem, p. 8 (1860). N. America.

28. O. festinella, Clemens, ibidem, p. 7 (1860). N. America.

2g. O. dubitella, Dietz, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. Vol. 33, p. 292, pl. 4, f. 4 N. America.

(1907).

30. O. conspicuella, Dietz, ibidem, p. 293, pl. 4, f. 5 (1907). N. America.

. 31. O. arbitrella, Dietz, ibidem, p. 293. pl. 4, f. 6 (1907). N. America.

~~ 32. O. inusitatella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 5, p. 47 (1873) N. America.

(inusttatumella).

33. O. melanotella, Dietz, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. Vol. 33, p. 293, pl. 4, f.7 N. America.

(1907).

34. O. geminatella, Packard, Guide Stud. Ins. p. 353 (1869). N. America.

Gi prunivorella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 5, p. 50 (1873).

35. O. quadvipunctella; Dietz, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. Vol. 35, p. 295 N. America.

(1907).

36. O. vicinella, Dietz, ibidem, p. 296, pl. 4, f. 8 (1907). N. America.

37. O. strobivorella, Dietz, ibidem, p. 296 (1907). N. America,

38. O. arbutifoliella, Dietz, ibidem, p. 296, pl. 4, f. 9 (1907). N. America.

39. O. ervantella, Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 147 (1897). W. Indies.

40. O. obliterella, Dietz, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. Vol. 33, p. 297, pl. 4,f.10 N. America.

(1907).

GROUP C

, 41. O. caudulatella, Zeller, Isis, p. 210 (1839). C. Europe.

: 14..GENUS EXALA, NOV. GEN., MEYRICK

; Characters. — Head with appressed scales. Antenne about 1, basal joint e'ongate, without

pecten. Labial palpi long, curved, ascending, somewhat loosely scaled, terminal joint half second,

_tolerably pointed. Maxillary palpi moderate, porrected, pointed, with short erect hairs internally.

: Posterior tibiz clothed with very long hairs, Forewings elongate-lanceolate, apex produced, acute;

4 . 2 from towards angle, 5 and 6 out of 7, 8 absent, 9 out of 7, rr almost from base. Hindwings two-thirds,

lanceolate, cilia 1; 5 and 6 absent.

I have not seen this insect, but have interpreted to the best of my ability the particulars

by Enderlein. which seem to be carefully stated; the features of the neural structure at the base o

segment Io.

Geographical distribution of species. — Only known from a very small sot

_ approximately intermediate between South Africa and Australia, but immensely remote fr n €

1. E. strassenella, E-nderlein, Valdivia Expedition, Vol. 3. p. 251 (1903). — New Am

Plate, Figs. 23a, b, c,d.

GENERA INSECTORUM LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

2 j

a ene 7

y >

—y /

— es

Stomphas&s plectica Mevr.

Cremastobombycia ignota Frey.

; a 22

20 pee ac sz eet iy

b > —— Ole Ss

Epicephala trenata Mes IS Parectopa latifoliella Milliére

Gracilaria euglypta Tur. = :

Phrixosceles trochosticha Mevr. Exala strassenella Enderl.

FAM. GRACILARIADA

FAM. GRACILARIAD

15. GENUS CHILOCAMPYLA, BuscK

Chilocampyla. Busck, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 23, p. 248 (1900). — Type: C. dyartella, Busck.

Characters. — Head smooth. Antenne nearly one and one-half, basal joint elongate, rather

stout, with projecting flap of dense scales. Labial palpi long, curved, subascending. slender, smooth,

pointed. Maxillary palpi moderate, porrected, slightly curved, filiform Middle tibiz thickened with

strong tuft of scales, posterior tibiae with double row of long bristles above. Forewings elongate-

lanceolate; 3 absent, 6 and 7 stalked, 10 in & obliterated by a costal depression, 11 from before middle.

Hindwings one-half, linear, cilia 5; 5 and 6 stalked.

A specialised form of Gracilavia, apparently not with any immediate relationship to the other

‘genera with bristly posterior tibie.

Imago with forepart raised in repose, two anterior pairs of legs prominently displayed, antenne

obliquely porrected; this last feature is unusual in the family, but not unique.

Larva cylindrical, legs and prolegs developed; mining an inflated blotch in leaves.

Pupa in a cocoon outside the mine.

Foodplants Myrtaceae.

Geographical distribution of species. — Confined to warmer regions of North America.

1.,C. dyariella, Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 23, p. 249 (1900). — N. America.

Plate, Fig. 14.

16. GENUS TIMODORA, MEyYRICK

Timodora, Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 295 (1886). — Type : T. chrysochoa, Meyrick.

Characters. — Head roughly tufted on crown, face smooth. Antennz over 1, basal joint

moderately long, without pecten. Labial palpi long, curved, with appressed scales, terminal joint as

long as second, blunt-pointed. Maxillary palpi moderately long, slender, porrected. Middle tibie

thickened with long hairscales beneath, posterior tibiz rough-scaled above. Forewings very narrow,

parallel-sided, pointed; 11 from near base. Hindwings about one-half, linear, cilia 5; 5 and 6 stalked.

A development of Gracilaria, differing essentially by the roughly tufted head.

Early stages unknown.

Geographical distribution of species. — Only known from a South Pacific island.

1. T. chrysochoa, Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 296 (1886). Tonga Isl.

17. GENUS GRACILARIA, HAWORTH

Gracilaria, Haworth, Lep. Brit. p. 527 (1828). — Type: G. syringella, Fabricius.

Euspilapteryx, Stephens, Ill. Brit. Ent. Haust. Vol. 4, p. 274 (1834). — Type: G. phastanipennella,

Hiibner.

Coriscium, Zeller. Isis, p. 210 (1839). — Type : G. cuculipennella, Hiibner.

Antiolopha, Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 25 (1894). — Type : G. hemiconis, Meyrick.

Characters. — Head with appressed scales. Antenne 1 or over 1, basal joint more or less

elongate, seldom with projecting flap of scales. Labial palpi long, curved, ascending, second joint

sometimes loosely scaled or tufted beneath towards apex, terminal joint about as long as second,

26 LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

sometimes loosely scaled or tufted anteriorly, pointed or rather obtuse. Maxillary palpi moderately

long, filiform, porrected. Middle tibie dilated with dense scales, posterior tibia smooth or slightly

rough-scaled. Forewings elongate-lanceolate or sublinear; 3 sometimes absent, 11 from towards base.

Hindwings about one-half, lanceolate or linear, cilia 4-8; 3 sometimes absent, 5 and 6 stalked, seldom 7

out of 6.

Imago resting with forepart strongly raised and two anterior pairs of legs prominently displayed.

Larva cylindrical, tapering posteriorly, legs and prolegs developed; at first mining a blotch in

leaves, afterwards usually rolling up a portion of the leaf into a characteristic conical chamber, seldom

in spun-up leafy shoots.

Pupa usually within the chamber, sometimes in a cocoon elsewhere.

Foodplants (known for 45 species) mostly Dicotyledonous trees or shrubs, of 18 different Orders,

of which the Acevaceae are most popular, then Anacardiaceae, Lauraceae, Betulaceae, Salicaceae, and Legu-

minosae.

Geographical distribution of species. — Cosmopolitan, the main types of the genus being

mostly represented in each region. This distribution, combined with the fact that the most primitive

forms are Indian, indicates India as the place of origin, probably in the Eocene period.

GROUP A

1. G. chalcoptera, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 151 (1880). E. Australia.

2. G. magnifica, Stainton, Tinein. Syr. p. 56 (1867). S. E. Europe.

Redtenbacheri,Mann, Verh, Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, Vol.17,p.74, pl.g, f.1 (1867).

. G. aurantiaca, Wollaston, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3), Vol. 1,p.122 (1858). Madeira, Canary Is.

4. G. auroguttella, Stephens, Ill. Brit. Ent. Haust. Vol. 4, p. 274 (1834). Europe.

lacertella, Zeller, Linn, Ent. Vol. 2, p. 347 (1847). [madec Is.

5. G. octopunctata, Turner, Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austral. p. 123 (1894). India, E. Australia, Ker-

6. G. quadrisignella, Zeller, Isis, p. 209 (1839). N.and C. Europe, Asia Mi-

7. G. phastanipennella, Hiibner, Samm]. Europ. Schmett. f. 321 (1816). C.andS.E. Europe. [nor.

auvoguttella, Stephens, Ill. Brit. Ent. Haust. Vol. 4, p. 363 (1834).

guadruplella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 2, p. 355 (1847).

8. G. ischiastris, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, p. 66 (1907). E. Australia.

GROUP B

g. G. fulgidella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. p. 6 (1860). N. America.

10. G. elotella, Busck, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash Vol. 11, p. 102 (1g09). N. Ametica.

11. G. lefidella, Meyrick, Proc Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, p. 145 (1880). E. Australia.

12. G. plagata, Stainton. Trans. Ent. Soc Lond. (3). Vol 1, p. 292, pl. 10. E. Australia.

f. 2 (1862)

13. G. albispersa, Turner, Trans. Roy. Soc. S Austral. p. 121 (1894). E, Australia.

14. G. albicincta, Turner, ibidem, p. 20 (1900). E. Australia.

15. G. chlovella, Turner, ibidem, p. 121 (1894). E. Australia.

16. G. Rebeli, Klemensiewicz, Verh. Zoo].-bot. Ges. Wien, Vol. 46. p. 212. S. E. Europe.

(1896).

17. G. syringella, Fabricius, Ent. Syst. Vol. 3, p. 328 (1794). Europe.

anastomosis, Haworth, Lep. Brit. p. 530 (1828).

ardeaepennella, Treitschke, Schmett. Europ. Vol. 9, p. 205 (1833).

18. G. loriolella. Frey, Mitth. Schwetz. Ent. Ges. Vol. 6, p. 146 (1881). C. Europe:

19. G. cuculipennella, Hiibner, Gesch. Europ. Schmett. Vol. 8, Tinein. 6, Europe.

INI, 18s 1) (akeishigs

cinevea, Haworth, Lep. Brit. p. 530 (1828).

alaudella, Duponchel, Hist. Nat. Lép. Fr. Vol. 11, pl. 308, f. 1 (1838).

FAM. GRACILARIAD/ 27

20. G. norvegiella, \Wocke, Férh. Vidensk. Selsk. Christiania, p. 52 (1893). N. Europe.

21. G. sulphurella, Haworth, Lep. Brit. p. 564 (1828). Europe.

leucapennella, Stephens, Ill. Brit. Ent. Haust. Vol. 4, p. 368 (1834).

citrinellum, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 2, p. 372 (1847).

auyantiellum, Peyerimhoff, Mitth. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. Vol. 3, p. 412 (1871).

vemozellum, \WWocke, Heinemann, Schmett. Deutschl. Vol. 3, p. 632 (1877).

. G. atomosella, Zeller, Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, Vol.23,p.309(1873). N. America.

23. G. behvensella, Chambers, The-Canad. Entom. Vol. 8, p. 32 (1876). N. America.

GROUP C

Dither Ga auchetidella, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 143 (1880). E. Australia.

25. G. similatella; Zeller, Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross. Vol. 13, p. 411, pl. 6,f. 144 S. America, W. Indies.

(1877).

26.°G. tringipennella, Zeller, Isis, p. 209 (1839). C. and S. Europe.

fringilella, Duponchel, Hist. Nat. Lép. Fr.’ Suppl. Vol. 4, pl. 75, f. 11

(1842).

27. G. limosella, Zeller. Linn. Ent. Vol. 2, p. 341 (1847). C. Europe, Asia Minor.

28. G. inquinatella, Christoph, Hor: Soc. Ent. Ross. Vol. 9, p. 30, pl. 2, S. E. Europe.

lig Ao) (KS) z

29. G. cirrhopis, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 66 (1907). Tasmania.

30. G. parasticta, Meyrick,Journ. Bomb Nat. Hist.Soc.Vol.18,p.828(1908). India.

31. G. prosticta, Meyrick, Ann. S. African Mus. Vol. 5, p. 374 (1909). S. Africa.

32. G. punctulata, \Valsingham, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 125, pl. 6, f. 66. S. Africa.

{1891).

; GROUP D

33. G. umdula, Zeller, Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross. Vol. 13, p. 406, pl. 6, f. 142 S. America.

(1877).

34. G. camaronae, Zeller, ibidem, p. 408, pl. 6, f. 143 (1877). S. America.

GROUP E

35. G. argalea, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p.828 (1908). India, Ceylon.

36. G. ewryenema, Turner, Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austral. p. 122 (1894). E. Australia.

37. G. crasiphila, nov. sp. 1), Meyrick. N. Australia.

38. G. iophanes, nov. sp. 2), Meyrick. E. Australia.

39. G. aylophanes, Turner, Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austral. p. 123 (1894). . Australia.

40. G. euglypia, Turner, ibidem, p. 122 (1894). — Plate, Fig. 31.

Al. G. syrphetias, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 17, p. 984 Ceylon.

(1907).

42. G. prismatica, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 983 (1907). Ceylon.

43. G. strictella, Walker, List Lep. Het. Brit. Mus. Vol. 29, p. sgt (1864). N. America.

adaptella, Walker, ibidem, p. 590 (1864).

44. G. acevtella, Chambers, Journ. Cincinn. Soc. Nat. Hist. Vol. 3, p. 295 N. America.

(1881).

. Australia.

1) Gracilaria crasiphila, nov. sp. — G,1z2 mm. Head and thorax iridescent fuscous, face puler. Palpi with appressed scales, dark

fuscous. Abdomen dark fuscous, beneath whitish-yellow. Middle tibiz clothed above with long dense projecting dark fuscous scales, tarsi white, apex of

joints brownish-tinged, posterior tibiz smooth. Forewings extremely narrow, long-pointed, obtuse; purplish-fuscous, irrorated with dark fuscous, with

very obscure strigulz of slight pale ochreous irroration : cilia dark fuscous. Hindwings and cilia rather dark fuscous. Port Darwin (Dodd), one specimen.

Very like G. syr~hetias, but distinguished by the somewhat shorter and wholly dark fuscous palpi, and clear whitish-yellow ventral surface of abdomen

(in syrPhetias sprinkled with dark fuscous).

2) Gracilaria iophanes, nov. sp. — 9, 14 mm. Head and thorax brownish, face glossy whitish-ochreous. Palpi with appressed scales,

brownish-ochreous, terminal joint with blackish median ring. Abdomen grey, beneath white. Middle tibia thickened with long dense projecting brown

scales above, mixed with dark fuscous at apex, tarsi white, tinged with brownish towards base of joints, posterior tibie with scales slightly rough. Fore-

wings very narrow, moderately pointed; purple-brownish, dotted and strigulated with dark purple-fuscous irroration : two or three white scales on termen

towards apex: cilia fuscous, with two or three scattered blackish scales, Hindwings and cilia grey. Cairns, Queensland (Dodd); in October, one specimen-

45.

46.

47:

48.

49-

5o.

Sie

52)

53.

77-

DADAARDAAADADN

AAA YD

LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

G. juglandiella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 4, p. 28 (1872).

AARADAADN >)

ANAND

juglandisnigrella, Chambers, Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv. Vol. 4, p. 149 (1878).

. acertfoliella, Chambers, Cincinn. Quart. Journ. Sc. Vol. 2, p. 299

(1875).

. negundella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 8, p. 18 (1876).

. sassafrasella. Chambers, ibidem, p. 33 (1876).

. vhotfoliella, Chambers, ibidem, p. 31 (1876).

. sauzalitella, Chambers, ibidem, p. 32 (1876) (sauzalitoeella).

. populiella, Chambers, Cincinn. Quart. Journ. Sc. Vol. 2, p. 301 (1875).

. auriferella, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 37, p. 211 (1876).

populetorum, Zeller, Isis, p. 209 (1839).

suberinella, Tengstrom, Bidr. Finn]. Fjaril-Fauna, Not. Sallsk. Fauna

Fenn. Forh. p. 145 (1847).

proteella, Frey, Mitth. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. Vol. 7, p. 24 (1884).

nolckenella, Krulikowsky, Rev. Russ. Ent. Vol. 1, p. 174 (1901).

. pallescens, Staudinger, Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross. Vol. 15, p. 355 (1880).

. roscipennella, Hiibner, Samm]. Europ, Schmett. ft. 198 (18or).

puncticostella, Werrich-Schaffer, Schmett. Europ. Vol. 5, p. 288 (1855).

juglandella, Mann, Verh, Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, Vol. 17, p. 844 (1867).

. rufipennella, Hiibner, Samml. Europ. Schmett. f 204 (18o0r).

. alpherakiella, Krulikowsky, Rev. Russ. Ent. Vol. 8, p. 275 (1908).

. fribergensis, Fritzsche, Isis, Dresden, p. 230 (1871).

. elongella. Linné, Fauna Suec. no. 1436 (1761).

signipennella, Hibner, Samm]. Europ. Schmett. f. 196 (18o0r).

voscipennella, Treitschke, Schmett. Europ. Vol. 9, p. 202 (1833).

tnconstans, Stainton, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. 1, p. 125, pl. 14,

f. 1-7 (1851).

stramineella, Stainton, ibidem, p. 121, pl. 14, f. 9 (1851).

. alnivorella, Chambers, Cincinn. Quart. Journ. Sc. Vol. 2, p.298 (1875).

alnicolella, Chambers, ibidem, p. 299 (1875).

pulchella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 7, p. 146 (1875).

sanguinella, Beutenmuller. Entom. Amer, Vol. 4, p. 30 (1888).

nigristrigella, Beutenmuller, ibidem, p. 30 (1888).

ruptistrigella, Beutenmuller, ibidem, p. 30(1888).

shastella, Beutenmuller, ibidem, p. 30 (1888). \

fuscochrella, Beutenmuller, ibidem, Vol. 5, p. 10 (1889).

. coruscans, Walsingham, Ent. M. Mag. Vol. 43. p. 151 (1907).

. linearis, Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 406 (1877).

. elaeas, Meyrick, Trans. New Zeal. Inst. Vol. 43, p. 66 (1911).

. selenitis, Meyrick, ibidem, Vol. 41, p. 15 (1g09).

. chalcanthes, Meyrick, Trans. Ent Soc. Lond. p. 25 (1894).

. burservella, Busck, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 23, p. 251 (1ygoo).

. obscuripennella, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 37, p. 209 (1876).

. scansoria, Meyrick, Rec. Indian Mus. Vol. 5, p. 227 (1910).

. murtfeldtella, Busck. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 27. p. 771 (1904).

. fava, Staudinger. Berl. Ent. Zeitschr. Vol. 14, p. 321 (1870).

. schinella, Walsingham, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 982. pl. 53, f. 13

(1907).

. aeneocapitella, Walsingham, ibidem, p. 539 (1891).

. Staintont, Wollaston, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3), Vol.1, p. 121 (1858).

. aurora, Turner, Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austral. p. 127 (1894).

. chrysitis, Felder, Reise Novara, Lep. Heter. pl. 140. f. 43 (1875).

adelina, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 142 (1880).

rutilans, Butler, Cist. Ent. Vol. 2, p. 561 (1881).

. ochrysa, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 829

(1908).

. blandella, Clemens, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad. Vol. 3, p. 505 (1864).

N. America.

. and C. Europe

Asia Minor.

5. Europe, Canary Is.

N. and C. Europe.

E. C. Europe.

S; ©) Europe:

Europe.

N. America.

N Africa.

New Zealand.

Burma.

N. America.

India.

N. America.

S. E. Europe.

Canary Is.

W. Indies.

Madeira, Canary Is.

FE. Australia.

New Zealand.

India.

N. America.

PAM. GRACILARIADZ® 29

78. G. violacella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. p. 7 (1860). N. America.

desmodifoliella, Clemens, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad. Vol. 5, p. 145 (1865).

79. G. superbifrontella, Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. p 6(1860). N. America.

So. G. belfrageella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 7, p. 92 (1875). N. America.

81. G. sachrysa, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 17, p. 983 Ceylon.

(1907). — Plate, Fig. 4.

82. G. xanthopharella, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.Wales, p.141 (1880). E. Australia.

83. G. rhodinella, Herrich-Schaffer, Schmett. Europ. Vol. 5, p. 286, f. 823 S.C. Europe, Asia Minor.

(1855).

84. G. mutilata, Staudinger, Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross. Vol. 15, p. 353 (1880). Asia Minor.

85. G. chalcodelta, Meyrick, Trans. New Zeal. Inst. Vol. 21, p. 183 (1888). New Zealand.

86. G. burgessiella, Zeller, Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, Vol. 23, p. 307, N. America.

pl. 4, f. 39 (1873).

7. G. coroniella, Clemens, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad. Vol. 2, p. 421 (1864). N. America.

88. G. packardella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 4, p. 27 (1872). N. America.

elegantella, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 34, p. 202 (1873).

tnuornatella, Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 8, p. 31 (1876).

8g. G. alchimiella, Scopoli, Ent.Carn.no.661(1763).—Plate, Figs.24a,b,c. Europe.

swederella, Thunberg, Mus. Nat. Acad. Upsal. Vol. 6, p. 80 (1788).

franckella, Hubner, Samml. Europ. Schmett. f. 379 (1801).

hilaripennella, Treitschke, Schmett. Europ. Vol. 9, p. 196 (1833).

oo. G. auspex, nov. sp. 1), Meyrick. India.

gt. G. theivora, Walsingham, Indian Mus. Notes, Vol. 2, p. 49 (1g93)- Ceylon.

92. G. euryptera, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 829 Ceylon.

(1908).

93. G. consimilella, Frey, Stett. Ent. Zeit. Vol. 37, p. 210 (1876). N. America.

a4. G. purpuriella. Chambers, The Canad. Entom. Vol. 4, p. 27 (1872). N. America.

g). G. stigmatella, Fabric us, Spec. Ins. Vol. 2, p. 295 (178r). Europe, W. C. Asia.

upupaepennella, Hubner, Samml. Europ. Schmett. f. 203 (1801).

ochyvacea, Haworth, Lep. Brit. p. 528 (1828).

g6. G. peltophanes, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 67 (1907). E. Australia.

97. G. braccatella, Staudinger, Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross. Vol. 7, p. 274 (1870). S. Europe.

98. G. Haudert, Rebel. Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, Vol. 56, p. g (1906). C. Europe.

‘

99. G. hemidactylella, Fabricius, Mant. Ins. Vol. 2, p. 247 (1787). C. and S. E Europe.

100. G. onustella, Hiibner, Samml. Europ. Schmett. f. 314 (180r). C. Europe, Asia Minor.

fidella, Reutti. Lep. haun. Bad. p. 203 (1853).

toi. G. falcontpennella. Hiibner, Samm!. Europ. Schmett. f. 317 (1801). N. and C. Europe.

102. G. oneratella, Zelier, Linn. Ent. Vol. 2, p. 317 (1847). C. Europe.

103. G. semtfascia, Haworth, lep. Brit. p. 528 (1828). C. Europe.

fictpennella, Zeller, Linn. Ent. Vol. 2, p. 328 (1847).

inconstans, Herrich-Schaffer, Schmett. Europ. Vol. 5, f. 822 (1855).

104. G. mandschurica, Christoph, Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, p. 8g (1882). E. Siberia.

105. G. oxydelta, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist Soc. Vol. 18, p. 831 India.

(1908).

106. G. oenopella, Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, p. 141 (1880). E. Australia.

io7. G. phalaropa, nov. sp. 2), Meyrick. Ceylon.

1) Gracilaria auspex, nov. sp. — G, 10mm. Head and thorax prismatic-brown, face pale brassy-yellowish, forehead more whitish.

Palpi with appressed scales, whitish-ochreous, terminal joint with dark fuscous subapical ring. Antenne grey. Abdomen grey, anal tuft pale ochreous.

Middle ubiz thickened with dark fuscous scales, tarsi white, apex of joints dark fuscous. Forewings very narrowly elongate, acute-pointed ; glossy

prismatic-brown; a brassy-yellow triangular blotch extending on costa one-third to three-fourths, posteriorly attenuated and somewhat suffused, apex

truncate and reaching fold, costal edge marked with about seven minute blackish dots; indistinct dark fuscous dots round posterior part of dorsum and

termen and apical portion of costa : cilia pale lilac-brownish, on outer half sprinkled with dark fuscous points, beneath tornus grey. Hindwings rather

dark grey; cilia grey. Palni Hills (Campbell) ; one specimen. ;

2) Gracilaria phalaropa, nov. sp.- ©, 8mm. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey sprinkled with dark fuscous and whitish. Palpi with

appressed scales, blackish. Middle tibiz thickened with blackish scales, tarsi white with blackish rings at apex of joints rand 5. Forewings very narrowly

elongate, moderately pointed; purplish-fuscous, irrorated with dark fuscous and blackish; a rather thick irregular oblique blackish-edged yellow-whitish

streak from costa near base, reaching half across wing; a pale whitish-yellow median transverse fascia edged with black, moderately broad on costa,

narrowed below middle and becoming very narrow on dorsum, enclosing asmall black spot below costa and another in middle: cilia lilac-fuscous irrorated

with blackish. Hindwings and cilia dark grey. Haputale (Alston); in June, one specimen.

30 LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

108. G. platycosma, nov. sp. 1), Meyrick. Ceylon.

109. G, leucolitha, nov. sp. 2), Meyrick. N. Australia.

110. G. hemiconis, Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 25 (1894). Burma.

tit. G. soyella, van Deventer, Tijdschr. v. Ent. Vol. 47, p. 22, pl. 2,f. r Ceylon, Java.

(1904).

acrotherma, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb, Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 830 (1908).

112. G. protiella, van Deventer, Tijdschr. v. Ent. Vol. 47, p. 25, pl. 2, f.2 Java.

(1904).

113. G. megalotis, Meyrick, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Vol. 18, p. 830 India.

(1908)

114. G. dogmatica, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 830 (1908). Ceylon.

115. G. metadoxa, Meyrick, ibidem, p. 831 (1908). — Plate, Fig. 18. India.

116. G. auricilla, Stainton, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (2), Vol. 5, p.120(185g). India.

1) Gracilaria platycosma, nov. sp. — 9, 12mm. Head bronzy-fuscous, crown mixed with whitish, collar white. Palpi dark fuscous,

second joint with rough projecting scales beneath towards apex, terminal joint rather thickened with scales, apex white. Thorax ochreous-white, with a

few dark fuscous scales. Abdomen grey, beneath ochreous-white with a blackish basal band. Middle tibiz2 much thickened with dark fuscous scales,

posterior tibia dark fuscous, beneath blackish with a broad white apical patch. Forewings extremely narrow, short-pointed ; light ochreous-yellowish

suffusedly strigulated with silvery-white; base sprinkled with dark fuscous; a broad purple-blackish transverse band extending from near base to two-

fifths, margined with silvery-whitish, slightly narrowed downwards; apex blackish -fuscous, limited anteriorly by a silvery-white blackish-edged transverse

bar : cilia fuscous, on costa blackisa-fuscous. Hindwings dark grey; cilia fuscous. Kandy (Green); in September, one specimen.

2) Gracilaria leucolitha, nov. sp. — G,10mm. Head and thorax light brassy-fuscous. Palpi fuscous, second joint rough-scaled

beneath at apex. Abdomen fuscous, beneath yellow-white. Middle tibiz dark fuscous, tarsi white with a dark fuscous band at apex of basal joint. Fore-

wings very narrow, leng-pointed, obtuse; dark purplish-fuscous, with a few yellow-whitish scales; a narrow transverse fascia near base composed of two

confluent yellow-whitish stria; an evenly broad rather oblique pale yellowish transverse band extending from before middle to beyond two-thirds; a

suffused pale yellowish triangular spot on costa beyond this, confluent with it on costa and marked on costal edge with three or four dark fuscous dots ;

two small clear white spots on termen and one on costa before apex : cilia fuscous, on costa dark fuscous, white at base on spots. Hindwings and cilia dark

grey. Port Darwin (Dodd); one specimen.

INDEX

(The names in ?falics are synonyms)

Pages Pages Pages

abrasella, Zell. 9 aeolella, Meyr. 18 alchimiella, Scop. 29

acaciella, Herr,-Sch, 9 aeriferella, Clem. 6 alni, Wals. 7

acaciella, Zell. 9 aesculella, Chamb. II alnicolella, Chamb,. 28

aceriella, Chamb. 27 At syle (genus), Chamb. 14 alnicolella, Wals. 7

aceriella, Clem. II aethalota, Meyr. 20 alniella, Zell, 5

acerifoliella, Chamb. 28 affinis, Frey 8 alnifoliella, Dup. 5

acertfoliella, Zell. 10 agilella, Zell. 9 alnivorella, Chamb, 7

acernella, Dup. 10 aglaozona, Meyr. II alnivorella, Chamb, 28

acidula, Meyr. 15 agrifoliella, Braun 10 alnivorella, Rag. 8

acrobaphes, Turn. 14 alaudella, Dup. 26 alpherakiella, Krul. 28

Acrocercops (genus), Wall. 14 albicincta, Turn. 26 alpicola, Wocke 23

acrolitha, Meyr. 22 albifrons, Staint,. 4 alpina, Frey 5

acrotherma, Meyr. 30 albimacula, Wals. II alternatella, Zell. 10

actinomeridis, Frey II albimaculella, Turn. 16 alysidota, Meyr. 15

adaptella, Walk. 27 albinotella, Chamb. 5 amalopa, Meyr. 2

adelina, Meyr. 28 albinotella, Chamb. 16 ambrosiella, Chamb. II

adenocarpi, Staud. 9 albispersa, Turn. 26 amoena, Frey Ir

aellomacha, Meyr. 21 albistriatella, Turn. 14 amorphaeella, Chamb. 7

aeneocapitella, Wals. 28 albomarginata, Staint. 17 amphicarpaeella, Chamb. 7

aenigmatella, Frey 8 albomarginata, Wals. 21 amphicarpeifoliella, Clem. 12

ampliatella, Stajnt.

amyotella. Dup.

anastomosis, Haw.

anderidae, Fletch.

anglicella, Staint.

anguliferella, Zell.

antimacha, Meyr.

Antiolopha |genus), Meyr.

apicinigrella, Braun

apicipunctella, Wals.

apicistrigata, Wals.

apparella, Herr.-Sch.

arbitrella, Dietz

arbutella, Braun

arbutiella, Busck

arbutifoliella, Dietz

archepolis, Meyr.

arcuella, Braun

ardeaepennella, Vreitschke

argalea, Meyr.

argentifimbriella, Clem.

argentifrontella, Wals.

argentinotella, Clem.

argyraspis, Meyr.

argyrodesma, Meyr.

Aristzea (genus), Meyr.

astericola, Frey

atomariella, Zell.

atomosella, Zell.

attenuata, Wals.

auchetidella, Meyr-.

aurantiaca, Woll.

aurantiellum, Peyer.

auricilla, Staint.

auriferella, Frey

aurovuttella, Steph.

auroguttella, Steph.

aurouitens, Frey

aurora, Turn.

auspex, Meyr.

australella, Chamb.

australis, Yurn.

autadelpha, Meyr.

avellanella, Staint.

barbarella, Reb.

barbitias, Meyr.

barringtoniella, Dev.

basistrigella, Clem.

bataviella, Braun

bauhiniae, Staint.

behrensella, Chamb.

belfrageella. Chamb.

ous

iS}

TS)

FAM. GRACILARIAD

belotella, Staud.

bethunella, Chamb.

betulae, Herr.-Sch.

betulae, Staint.

betulae, Zell.

betulivora, Wals.

bicolorella, Chamb.

bifasciata, Wals.

bifasciella, Chamb.

bifascrella, \Wals.

blancardella, Fabr.

blandella, Clem.

bolliella, Dyar.

boreella, Clem.

bosquella, Chamb.

bostonica, Frey

braccatella, Staud.

bremiella, Frey

bromias, Meyr.

brongniardella, Fabr.

burgessiella, Zell.

burserella, Busck

caelatella, Zell.

caenotheta, Meyr.

calasiris, Meyr.

caledoniella, Staint.

calicella, Staint.

callischema, Meyr.

camaronae, Zell.

Cameraria (genus), Chapm.

campsigrapha, Meyr.

canella, Tengst.

capnias, Meyr.

capraeella, Nic.

carpinella, Frey

carpinicolella, Staint.

caryalbella, Chamb.

caryifoliella, Clem.

castaneella, Chamb,

castellata, Meyr.

cathedraea, Meyr.

caudiferella, Rag.

caudulatella, Zell.

cavella, Zell.

celtidella, Rond.

celtiella, Chamb.

celtifoliella, Chamb.

cerasicolella, Herr.-Sch,

cerastnella, Reut.

cerifervae, \Wals.

cerisolella, Peyer.

cervina, Wals.

Pages

chalcanthes, Meyr.

chalcodelta, Meyr.

chalcoptera, Meyr.

chalybacma, Meyr.

chambersella, Wals.

chiclanella, Staud.

Chilocampyla (genus), Busck 2

chionochtha, Meyr.

chionoplecta, Meyr.

chlorella, Turn.

chrysargyra, Meyr.

chrysella, Const.

chrysitis, Feld.

chrysochoa, Meyr.

cincinnatiella, Chamb.

cinerea, Haw.

cirrhopis, Meyr.

citrinellum, Zell.

clemensella, Chamb,

coccinea, Wals.

coffeella, Zett.

colymbetella, Meyr.

comparella, Zell.

concomitella, Bankes

conformis, Meyr.

conglomeratella. Zell.

conista, Meyr.

conjunctella, Staud.

connexella, Zell.

Coxopomorpha(genus), Meyr.

consimilella, Frey

conspicuella, Dietz

convoluta, Meyr.

Corisciunt (genus), Zell.

cornicina, Meyr.

coroniella, Clem.

coruscans, Wals.

corylella, Chamb.

coryli, Nic.

corylifoliella, Haw.

cramerella, Fabr.

cramerella, Snell.

crasiphila, Meyr.

crataegella, Clem.

crataegifoliella, Clem.

= 4

coc +

Of OHO aN

Cremastobombycia (genus ,

Braun

crocinella, Sorh.

cuculipennella, Hubn.

cupediella, Herr.-Sch.

cupreella, Wals.

curtisella, Dup.

cyanospila, Meyr.

cyclopa, Meyr.

eydoniella, Dup.

cydoniella, Fabr.

Cyphosticha (genus), Meyr.

dahmiella, Sorh.

dasmophora, Meyr.

deceptella, Chamb.

deflexella, Staint.

deleta, Staud.

delitella, Zell.

desmochrysa, Low.

desmodiella, Clem.

desmodifoliella, Clem.

devoniella, Frey

devoniella, Staint.

Dialectica (genus), Wals.

diaphanella, Frey

didymella, Meyr.

diffluella, Dev.

distentella, Zell.

distinctella, Nolck.

dives, Wals.

dogmatica, Meyr.

domesticella, Sorh.

dubiosella, Wocke

dubitella, Herr.-Sch.

dubitella, Dietz

dunningtella, Staint.

dyariella, Busck

elaeas, Meyr.

elatella, Zell.

elegantella, Frey

elephantopodella, Frey

elongella, Linn.

elotella, Busck

emberizipennella, Bouch.

encaeria, Meyr.

endryella, Mann

epibathra, Wals.

Epicephala (genus), Meyr.

Eppelsheimi, Fuchs

Eppelsheimii, Frey

ertgeronella, Chamb.

, errantella, Wals.

ethela, Meyr.

Eucestis (genus), Hibn.

euchlamyda, Turn.

Eucosmophora (genus,,Wals. 14

eugeniella, Dev.

euglypta, Turn.

eumetalla, Meyr.

eupatortella, Chamb,

eupetala, Meyr.

eurycnema, Turn.

euryptera, Meyr.

Euspilapteryx (xenus), Steph.

Exala (genus), Meyr.

exetastis, Meyr.

eximiella, Christ.

faginella, Zell.

fagivora, Frey

falconipennella, Hubn.

fasciella, Chamb.

fasciella, Wals.

festinella, Clem.

fidella, Reut.

finitimella, Zell.

fitchella, Clem.

flagellata, Meyr.

flava. Staud.

fletcherella, Braun

fluorescens, Turn.

foliolosi, Wals.

formosa, Staint.

fragariae, Staint.

fragilella, Frey

franckella, Hibn.

fraxinella, Zell.

frenata, Meyr.

fribergensis, Fritzsche

fringilella, Dup.

froelichiella, Zell.

fulgidella, Clem.

fulluzella, Chrét.

fuscochrella, Beut.

fuscocostella, Chamb.

galeopa, Meyr.

gaultheriella, Wals.

getella, Chamb.

geminatella, Pack.

gemmea, Frey

gemoniella, Staint.

geniculella, Rag.

genistella, Reb.

geologica, Meyr.

glutella, Dev.

Gracilaria (genus), Haw.

gradatella, Herr.-Sch.

graeseriella, Sorh.

gregariella, Murtf.

grindeliella, Wals.

LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

grisella, Dev.

guilandinella, Busck

gunniella, Busck

guttea, Haw

guttiferella, Dup.

guttifinitella, Clem,

gvllenhalella, Thunb.

Haasi, Reb.

habrodes, Meyr.

haemataula, Meyr.

Hageni, Frey

hamadryadella, Clem.

hamameliella, Busck

Hauderi, Reb.

Hedemanni, Reb.

heegeriella, Zell.

hel'anthemella, Herr.-Sch.

helianthisella, Chamb.

helianthivorella, Chamb.

heliopla, Meyr.

hemiconis, Meyr.

hemidactylella, Fabr.

hesperiella, Staud,

heteropsis, Low,

Heydenti, Zell.

hieranthes, Meyr.

hierocosma,. Meyr.

hilarella, Zett.

hilartpennella, Vreitschke

hofmanniella, Schleich

hoplocala, Meyr.

hortella, Fabr.

hydrocosma, Meyr.

ida, Meyr.

idolias, Meyr.

ignota, Frey

ilicifoliella, Zell

imperialella, Mann

imperialella, Staint.

incanella, Wals.

inconstans, Herr.-Sch.

inconstans, Staint.

innotata, Wals.

inornatella, Chamb.

inquinatella, Christ.

insignis, Wals.

insignitella, Zell.

insperatella, Nick.

insulella, Wals.

intermedia, Frey

interpositella, Frey

Pages

interruptella, Zett.

inusitatella, Chamb.

iophanes, Meyr.

trradiella, Scott

irrorata, Turn.

ischiastris, Meyr.

tsochorda. Meyr.

isochrysa, Meyr.

isodelta, Meyr.

foviella, Const.

{ juglandella, Mann

juglandiella, Chamb.

juglandiella, Clem.

Juglandisnigrella, Chamb.

juncei, Wals.

junoniella, Zell.

kalmiella, Dietz

keartottella, Braun

kleemannella, Fabr.

kollariella, Zell.

lacertella, Zell.

laciniella, Meyr.

lantanella, Dusck

lantanella, Schranck

lapadiella, Krone

latifoliella, Mill.

lativittella. Sorh.

lautella, Zell.

lebertella, Frey

ledella, Wals.

lentella, Braun

lepidella, Meyr.

leptalea, Turn.

lespedezifoliella. Clem.

Leucanthiza (genus), Clem.

leucapennella. Steph.

leucochorda, Meyr.

leucocyma, Meyr.

leucographella, Zell.

leucolitha, Meyr.

leuconota, Zell.

leucothorax, Wals.

limosella, Zell.

linearis, Butl.

literaria, Meyr.

lithocolletina, Zell.

Lithocolletis (genus), Hiibn. 4

lithographa, Meyr.

loganella, Staint.

longtstriata, Frey

FAM. GRACILARIADZA

loriolella, Frey

lucetiella, Clem.

lucidicostella, Clem.

lyginella, Meyr.

lyrica, Meyr.

Macarostola (xenus), Meyr.

macrocarpella, Frey

macrochalca, Meyr.

macroplaca, Meyr.

magnifica, Staint.

mahalebella, Muhl,

malifoliella, Braun

malvacea, Wals.

mandschurica, Christ.

Mannii, Zell.

mantica, Meyr.

marginistrigata, Wals.

mariella, Chamb.

Marmara (venus), Clem.

martiella, Braun

mediodorsella, Braun

megalotis, Meyr.

melanoplecta, Meyr.

melanotella, Dietz

mendesa, Meyr.

meridtonella, Méschl.

mespilella, Haw.

mespilella, Herr.-Sch.

mespilella, Hiibn.

messaniella, Zell.

metadoxa, Meyr.

microta, Turn.

millierella, Staud.

miniella, Feld.

minutella, Frey

mirabilis, Frey

mirifica, Frey

mnesicala, Meyr.

modesta, Frey

monspessulanella, Fuchs

morrisella, Fitch

murtfeldtella, Busck

mutilata, Staud.

necospinusella, Chamb.

neglectus, Silv.

negundella, Chamb.

nemoris, Wals.

nereis, Meyr.

nesitis. Wals.

nevadensis, Wals.,

Nicellii, Staint.

nigrescentella, Log.

nigricansella, Tepp.

nigristrigella, Beut.

nitidula, Staint.

nitidula, Turn.

nolckenella, Krul.

nolckeniella, Zell.

nonfasctella, Chamb.

norvegiella, Wocke

obliterella, Dietz

obscurella, Turn.

obscuricostella, Clem.

obscuripennella, Frey

obsoleta, Frey

obstrictella, Clem.

obtustlobae, Frey

obumbrata, Sorh.

occitanica, Frey

ochracea, Haw.

ochridorsella, Meyr.

ochrocephala, Meyr.

ochronephela, Meyr.

octopunctata, Turn.

CEcophyllembius (genus), Silv. 19

oenopella, Meyr.

oliviformis, Braun

omissella, Staint.

oneratella, Zell.

ononidis, Zell

onosmodiella, Busck

onustella, Hubn.

onychota, Meyr.

ophidias, Meyr.

ophiodes, Turn.

opuntiella, Busck

orbifera, Meyr.

ordinatella, Meyr.

oregonensis, Wals.

orientalis, Staint.

ornata, Wals.

ornatella, Chamb.

Ornix (genus), Treitschke

ortholocha, Meyr.

ostensackenella, Fitch

ostryella, Chamb.

ostryifoliella, Clem.

oxyacanthae, Frey

oxydelta, Meyr.

packardella, Chamb.

padella, Glitz

pallescens, Staud.

Pages

paradisia, Meyr. 20

paradoxa, Frey 21

parallela, Turn. 17

parasticta, Meyr. 27

Parectopa (genus), Clem. 19

parisiella, Wocke 5

parvifoliella, Rag. 9

pastorella, Zell. fe]

patricia, Meyr. 19

pavoniella, Zell. 20

peltophanes, Meyr. 2a

pennsylvaniella, Eng. 20

pentalocha, Meyr. 15

periphanes, Meyr. 22

perisphena, Meyr. 21

permixtella, \Wals 18

petiolella, Frey 23

Pfaffenzelleri, Frey 23

phalaropa, Meyr. 290

phasianipennella, Hiibn. 26

phegophagella, Herr.-Sch. 6

Phrixosceles (genus), Meyr. 13

Phyllonorycter (genus),Wals. 4

picipennella, Zell. 29

picroglossa, Meyr 20

plagata, Staint. 26

plantaginella, Chamb. 20

platani, Staud. 5

platanoidiella, Braun 10

platycosma, Meyr. 30

plebeia, Turn. j 17

plectica, Meyr. 19

plocamis, Meyr. 18

pnosmodiella, Busck 15

polygrammella, Wocke 23

polyplaca, Low. 21

pomifoliella, Zell 7)

pomonella, Herr.-Sch. 6

populetorum, Zell. 28

populiella, Chamb. i

populiella, Chamb, 28

populifoliella, Treitschke 9

Porphyrosela (genus), Braun 4

preciosella, Dietz 23

prismatica, Meyr. 27

propinquinella, Braun 6

prosticta, Meyr. 27

proteella, Frey 2

protiella, Dev 30

pruniella, Herr.-Sch. 6

prunivorella, Chamb. 24

pseudacaciella, Fitch 7

pseudoplataniella, Rag. 10

LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

pulchella, Chamb.

pulverella, Wals.

puncticostella, Herr.-Sch.

punctulata, Wals.

purpuriella, Chamb.

pusillifoliella, Frey

pyrigenes, Turn.

pyrivorella, Bankes

pyrochroma, Turn.

pyrrhogastra, Meyr.

quadrifasciata, Staint.

quadripunctella, Dietz

quadrisignella, Zell.

quadristrigella, Zell.

quadruplella, Zell.

quercetellum, Zell.

quercetorum, Frey

quercialbella, Fitch

quercifoliella, Fitch

quercifoliella, Zell.

quercipulchella, Chamb.

quercivorella, Chamb.

quinqueguttella, Staint.

quinguenotella, Chamb,

quinguenotella, Chamb.

quinquenotella, Frey

quinquestrigella, Chamb.

rajella, Zell.

randiella, Busck

Rebeli. Klem.

Redtenbacher’, Mann

remotellum, \Wocke

Rendalli, Wals.

repentella, Sorh.

resplendens, Staint.

rhodinella, Herr.-Sch

rhoifoliella, Chamb.

rhombiferella. Frey

rileyella, Chamb.

robiniella, Clem.

yoborifoliella, Dup.

roboris, Zell.

roscipennella, Hiibn.

roscipennella, Treitschke

rufipennella, Hiibn,

ruptistrigella, Beut.

ruttlans, Butl

saccharella, Braun

salicicolella, Sirc.

“I

Pages

salicifoliella, Chamb. 9

salicifoliella, Chamb. 21

salicivorella, Braun 7

salictella, Clem. 12

salictella, Zell. 7

sanctaecrucis, Wals. 16

sanguinella, Beut. 28

saportella, Dup. 9

sassafrasella, Chamb. 28

sauberiella, Sorh. 24

saundersella, Chamb. 12

sauropis, Meyr. 18

sauzalitella, Chamb. 28

scabiosella, Doug]. s

scalariella, Zell. 17

scansoria, Meyr. 28

schinella, Wals. 28

schreberella, I’abr. 8

schreberella, Zell. 7

scitulella, Zell. 5

scopariella, Zell. 6

scoticella, Staint. 23

scudderella, Frey 7

scutulatella, Staint. 23

sebastianiella, Busck 16

selenitis, Meyr. 28

semifascia, Haw. 29

sexnotella, Chamb. 6

shastella, Beut. 28

sideroxylella, Busck 18

signipennella, Habn. 2

similatella, Zell. 27

simploniella, v. Rosl. 16

smilaciella, Braun 12

solidaginis, Frey Ii

solitartella, Dietz 23

sorbi, Frey 6

sorbifoliella, Herr.-Sch. 6

soyella, Dev. 30

Spanioptila (genus), Wals. 12

spinicolella, Herr.-Sch. 7

spinicolella, Zell. 6

spinolella, Dup. 8

spinosa, Wals. 13

Staintoni, Woll. 28

staintoniella, Staint. 6

stauropa, Meyr. 14

stephanota, Meyr. 8

stettinensis, Nic.

stigmatella, Vabr. 29

Stomphastis (genus), Meyr.

stramineella, Staint.

strassenella, End.

Pages Pages

stricta, Meyr. 15 thiasodes, Meyr. 21 ulmella, Chamb.

strictella, Walk. 27 thraustica, Meyr. Is ulmifoliella, Hubn.

strigifinitella, Clem. 17 thriambica, Meyr. 21 ulminella, Zell.

strigulatella, Zell. 5 tiliella, Chamb. 8 umbellulariae, \Wals.

strobivorella, Dietz 24 Timodora (genus). 25 undosa, Wals.

strophala, Meyr. 19 torminella, Frey 6 unifasciella, Chamb.

suaveolentis, Petr. 5 torquillella, Zell. 23 unifasciella, Tengst.

subaureola, Frey 5 toxicodendri, Frey II unilineata, Turn.

suberifoliella, Zell. 9 toxomacha, Meyr. 21 upupaepennella, Hubn.

suberinella, Tengst. 28 trapezoides, Turn. 16 urbana, Meyr.

sublautella, Staint. 8 tremulae, Zell. 9 urbanella, Zell.

substriga, Haw. 18 tremuloidiella, Braun 9 ustulatella, Staint.

sulphurella, Haw. 2 trepidella, Clem. 24

superbifrontella, Clem. 29 triacris, Meyr. 16 vaccintella, Staint.

swederella, Thunb. 29 triarcha, Meyr. 8 vanula, Meyr.

sylvella, Haw. 10 tricuneatella, Meyr. 16 veneranda, Meyr.

symphoricarpella, Chsmb. 8 tricyma, Meyr. 17 venustella, Clem.

syringella, Fabr. 26 trifasciella. Haw. 8 verbesinella, Busck

syrphetias, Meyr. 27 triflorella, Pever. 9 vicinella, Dietz

trigonophora, Turn. 14 giminetella, Herr.-Sch.

tangerensis, Staint. 6 tviguttella, Staint. 6 viminetorum, Staint.

VERE MGT 2 tringipennella, Zell. 27 viminiella, Staint.

VS EamSIa AUS we trinotella, Braun 5 violacella, Clem.

telestis, Meyr. 19 triplaca, Meyr. 16 virginiella, Chamb,.

tenella, Zell. 5 tristaniae, Turn. 17 viridula, Zell.

tenuicaudella, Wals. 6 tristrigella, Haw. 8

tenuistrigata, Trey 6 iristrigella, Nic. 6 xanthopharella, Meyr.

terminaliae, Staint. 16 Tmitsenicllaa@nambe 8 xeniella, Zell.

tetracrena, Meyr. 17 trochosticha, Meyr. 13 xylophanes, Turn.

texanella. Busck 20 RabiterellomG let oe zachrysa, Meyr.

texanella, Zell. 7 zadocaea, Meyr.

thalassias, Meyr. 21 uhlerella, Fitch 7 zaplaca, Meyr.

theivora, Wals. 29 ulicicolella, Staint. 6 Zehntneri, Snell.

thermopsella. Chamb. 20

PAM. GRACILARIADZ®

EX PEANATIONIOE PEATE

Fig. 1. Stomphastis pleetica, Meyrick.

— 2. Parectopa thriambica, Meyrick.

Parectopa miniella, Felder.

4. Gracilaria zachrysa, Meyrick.

— 5. Avistaea periphanes, Meyrick.

— 6. Phrixosceles campsigrapha, Meyrick.

— 7. Acrocercops hoplocala, Meyrick.

— 8. Epicephala colymbetella, Meyrick.

— 9g. Lithocolletis aglaozona, Meyrick.

— 10. Acrocercops alystdota, Meyrick.

— 11. Lithocolletis conista, Meyrick.

— 12. Cyphosticha acrolitha, Meyrick.

17. Lithocolletis lautella, Zeller:

18. Gvracilavia metadoxa, Meyrick.

19a. Phyrixosceles trochosticha, Meyrick, torewing.

19). — = _ hindwing.

1gc. = = — head.

19d. = = — posterior leg.

19. — — — middle leg.

20a. Acrocercops resplendens, Stainton, forewing.

20b. — — _ hindwing.

206. — — — head.

21a. Epicephala frenata, Meyrick, forewing.

21d. — _— a hindwing. ;

21c. — — — head. ‘

22a. Parectopa latifoliella, Milliére, forewing.

22b. — _ — hindwing.

23a. Exala strassenella, Enderlein, forewing (after Enderlein).

236. — — — hindwing (after Enderlein).

23¢. — — maxillary palpus (after Enderlein).

23d. — — — labial palpus (after Enderlein)

24a. Gracilaria alchimiella, Scopoli, forewing.

246. — — — hindwing.

24C. — — — head.

25a. Lithocolletis faginella, Zeller, forewing. ee

256. — — — hindwing. Se

25c. — — — head. aan

26. Stomphastis plectica, Meyrick, forewing.

27a. Ormx avellanella, Stainton, forewing. i,

27b. — — _— hindwing. : ‘

276. — = — head. 2

28a. Acrocercops alysidota, Meyrick, forewing. :

28). = = = hindwing. — ei

29a. Leucanthiza amphicarpeifoliella, Clemens, forewing (after Clemens).

206. — -— — hindwing (after Clemens). .

30a, Avistaea periphanes, Meyrick, forewing. 3

30b. — — -- hindwing. e

30c. — — -— head.

31. Gracilaria euglypta, Turner, middle leg.

32.

LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA

Cremastobombycia ignota, Frey.

Chilocampyla dyariella, Busck.

Marmara salictella, Clemens.

Ornix guttea, Haworth.

Acrocercops didymella, Meyrick, posterior leg.

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