ORTHOPTERA

FAM. LOCUSTIDA

SUBFAM. EPHIPPIGERINZ (= PYCNOGASTERIN A)

by A. N. CAUDELL

WITH I COLOURED PLATE

Fawag@)

\ HE subfamily Ephippigerine is a moderate sized subfamily of the Locustide containing

sy few genera but a goodly number of species. The insects composing this group are large

¥7\ heavy creatures, queer of appearance and of exceeding interest in as much as the females

ESSA are provided with stridulating tympani, these organs being equally well developed

in both sexes.

Belgium, in northern Europe, is the northern limit of distribution of this group of Orthoptera

according to Dr. Burr. Southward they range over northern Africa, but they preponderate in the

Iberian Peninsula according to the above authority, who also states that a few species are recorded

from the Mediterranean Islands, Italy and the Balkan Peninsula.

The Ephippigerine are insects of slow motion and frequent shrubbery and bushy ground, where

they are said to be seen with difficulty so well do they match in with surroundings. Both sexes often

betray their presence by their stridulation, which occurs not only when the insects are undisturbed, but

also when they are angry or excited. The females stridulate as freely as the males and when held in the

hand either sex bites freely, proving very vicious little captives. In food habits they are probably

omnivorous. Some species deposit their eggs in stems similar to Ce canthus. These insects mutilate

each other if inclosed together and in nature probably eat other insects.

Dr. Doederlein. Mittheil. Philomath. Ges. Elsass-Loth. Vol. 3, p. 26-28, plate (1895), in writing of

Ephippigera vitium, says the females chirp when disturbed and states that the food is by choice dried

vegetation, but when such is unavailable they will eat other material, and fruit, as grapes etc. He says

they will also eat dead insects but not living ones, but will chew each other up if one gets badly wounded.

2 ORTHOPTERA

This subfamily is briefly characterized as follows :

Antenne inserted between the lower edge of the eyes, nearer the clypeal suture than the top of

the occiput. Prosternum unarmed or armed with a pair of spines; pronotum without spines or ser-

rations, the disk flat or sellate, lateral carine present or absent. Both sexes winged, but the organs of

flight are always short and, especially in the female. almost or quite concealed beneath the pronotum;

tympanii well developed in both sexes. Tarsi depressed, the posterior ones with the third segment

longer than the second; fore tibiz furnished with conchate foramina and armed above with an apical

spine on the outer side only; hind tibiz with four apical spurs below and above without apical spines

or with one on the inner side only; femora not strongly swollen basally. Ovipositor usually as long as,

or longer than, the abdomen and curved more or less strongly upwards.

The first general review of this subfamily was by Bolivar in 1878, Anal. Soc. Espan. Hist. Nat.

Vol. 7. p. 446. He gave tables of genera and species as then known. The same author twenty-five years

later, Ann. Mus. Zool. Univ. Napoli (n. ser.), Vol. 1, p. 1, 2 (1903), enumerates the genera and points

out that the sternum furnishes promising characters for classification. Recently Dr. Malcolm Burr, Ent.

Record, Vol. 19, p. 237-239 (1907), gives a brief but able discussion of the subfamily with a table of

genera and then follows with a treatment of the species found in western Europe.

Nine genera comprise this subfamily. They may be separated by the following table :

TABLE OF GENERA OF THE FAMILY EPHIPPIGERINE 1)

1. Pronotum flat above (with distinct persistent lateral cayinae); proster-

num armed with a paty of spines . . . «. . «. «. « « « %F. Genus PycnoGasTerR, Graells.

— Pronotum sellate, the metazona in a different plane than that of the

prozona ; prosternum unaymed 2.

2. Vertex inclined, with the fastium forming a tubercle, and generally

sulcate longitudinally, contiguous beneath with a frontal tubercle,

which is narrower:than the first segment of the antennae. . . . . . - 2. . ew ee BE

— Vertex vertical, with fastiginum little prominent; uo frontal tubercle ;

suture of the union with the vertex greater than the breadth of the

VLYSUBSCCTNCNLIO/MLBELAMICNNGE = 1s 6 «0 = eee ee ae eee ee ee: 6.

3. Pronotum with no lateral keels separating disc from side flaps, more ov

less cylindrical. . 2. . . . . ew we ee eh) SO. Genus Epuipricera, Latreille.

— Pronotum with lateral keels separating the disc from the side flaps. . . 1. . . 2. 2. ee ee 4,

4. Supvaanal plate of male not separated from the anal segment, which is

produced between the cercit (ovtpositor, in the Eurvopean species,

stvongly curved upwards). . . 2. 2. 1. 1. ew ee . . 3. Genus Uromenus, Bolivar.

— Supraanal plate of male more or less separated from the anal segment,

(Qurposztovmsiaehttyncirved) 2s oh sw eh ee ee es SO

5. Ventral segments entire, that is, represented by a smooth or lumpy cen-

tral plate; supraanal plate of male joined to the anal segment, the point

of union marked by a distinct furrow. Cerci of male conical or cylin-

drical and truncate obliquely at the extremity, with an inner tooth

im the middte or aficalhalf. . . . . . . . . . . . 4. Genus STEROPLEURUS, Bolivar

—- Ventral segments represented, at least at the base of the abdomen, by

1) After Burr, with slight modification.

FAM: LOCUSTIDAL 3

two callosities, placed one on each side of the median line, and near

to each other. Supraanal plate of male placed below the anal segment.

Cerci of male large, with the base broad and produced interzorly into

a strong tooth, then slender, and longer than the supraanal plate,

bent inwards, at the apex, which ends in a sharp point . . . . 5. Genus Carricranta, Bolivar.

6. Side flaps of pronotum roundly inserted; pronotum with no lateral

FEOAS gS. Yo oh eed Beate AMOR Nich nen ce oi Oe co aie neem 7)

— Side flaps of pronotum set at an angle; metasona with lateral keels . 6, Genus PLatysto.us, Bolivar.

7. Small, less than 30 mm. long in etther sexe, exclusive of the ovipostor ;

color above black . Genus Pra&pHIpPIGERA, Bolivar.

— Large, over 40 mm. long in both sexes; green.

Unplaced .

. Genus Batica, Bolivar.

. Genus SyNEpHIppusS, Navas.

LOA COST

|. GENUS PYCNOGASTER, GRAELLS

Pycnogaster. Graells, Mem. Acad. Sc. Madrid (3), Vol. 1 (2), p. 155 (1851); Bolivar, Orth. Esp.

Portug. p. 177 (1876); Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth. p. 403 (1882); Rev. Orth. p. 189 (1893);

Navas, Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 2, p. 266 (1902); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 173

(1906); Burr, Ent. Record, Vol. 20, p. 199 (1908).

Bathyscapes. Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 188 (1853).

Characters. — General form stout and plump. Pronotum more or less flat above, not sellate,

lateral carine present, distinct and persistent; lateral lobes vertical, longer than high, the lower margins

generally emarginate or concave; prosternum armed with a pair of spines. Elytra almost or quite

concealed beneath the pronotum, especially in the female. Posterior femora short and weak, but

slightly swollen at the base; hind tibie with or without an apical spine in the inner side above, none on

the outer side.

Type. — Pycnogaster jugicola, Graells.

Geographical distribution of species, — Europe, Africa.

1. P. bolivarit, Brunner, Prodr. Europ. Orth. p. 403-404, pl. 10, f. 92 (1882). Spain.

2. P. brevipes, Navas, Act. Soc. Esp. p. 235 (1899). Spain.

3. P. cucullatus, Charpentier, Hor. Ent. p.98(1825) (Barbitistes). Spain, Portugal.

4. P. finotit, Bolivar, An. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 10, p. 503, pl.8,f.1(1881). Oran, Algeria, Spain.

gaditanus, Bolivar, Ann. Sc. Nat. Porto, Vol. 6, p. 4 (1900).

5. P. graellsi, Bolivar, An. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 2, p. 218, pl. 9, f.2 Spain.

(1873). — Plate, Fig. 1. 2.

6. P. mevmis, Rambur, Faune Andal. Vol. 2, p. 57, pl. 4, f. 1, 2 (1839) Sierra Nevada, Spain.

(Bradyporus).

7. P. jugicola, Graells, Mem. Acad. Sc. Madrid (3), Vol. 1 (2), p. 157, pl. 9, Spain, Portugal.

ft=3 (T8590).

8. P. sanchez-gomezt Bolivar, Act. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. p. 172 (1897). Ahmeria, Valenzia, Spain.

2. GENUS EPHIPPIGER, LATREILLE

Ephippiger. Latreille, Cuvier’s Regne Anim. (new edit.), p. 184, footnote (1829); Serville, Ann. Sc.

Nat. Vol. 22, p. 165 (1831); Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 446 (1878); Saussure,

ORTHOPTERA

Rey. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 231 (1878); Kirby, Proc. Royal Dublin Soc. Vol. 6, p. 579 (1890) ;

Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 166 (1906); Burr, Ent. Rec. Vol. 19, p. 239 (1907).

Ephippigerida. Buysson, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 9, p. 226 (1903); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth.

Vol. 2, p. 166 (1906); Caudell, Ent. News Philad. Vol. 22, p. 166 (1911).

Characters. — Fastigium of the vertex compressed between the antennze as a more or less

elevated tubercle, usually concave above. Pronotum distinctly sellate, without lateral caring, the lateral

lobes rounded; prosternum unarmed. Legs of various lengths but usually short, but little swollen

basally ;

anterior tibia with an apical spine above on the outer side; hind tibize with an apical spine

above on the inner side only. Elytra very short, being almost concealed beneath the pronotum.

Type. — Gryllus ephippiger, Fiebig.

Geographical distribution of species. — Europe, North Africa.

1. E. andalusius, Rambur, Faune Andal. Vol. 2, p. 49, pl. 3, f. 3-4 (1839)

(Ephippiger).

scabricollis, Rambur, Faune Andal. Vol. 2, p. 51 (1839).

var, levantina, Bolivar, Bolet. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 8, p. 332 (1908).

2. E. arveolaria, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 188, 210, pl. 5, f. 6 (1876)

(Ephippiger).

3. E. borellit, Griffini, Boll. Mus. Torino, Vol. 8, n° 138, p. 1, f. 1 (1893)

(Ephippigera).

4. E. bormansi, Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth. p.373, 394 (1882) (Ephippigera).

5. FE. cavinata, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 189. 212, pl. 5, f.5 (1876) (Ephippiger).

6. E. crucigera, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p 202 (1853) (Ephippigera).

7. E. cunt, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 188, 208, pl. 4, f. raa-6 (1876)

(Ephippiger).

8. E. diluta, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 442, 447,

pl. 4, f. 9, 9a (1878) (Ephippiger).

gracilis, Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth. p. 370, 379 (1882) (Ephippigera).

g. E. discotdalis, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 203 (1853) (Ephippigera).

minor, Krauss, Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien. Vol. 68 (1), p. 520 (1879).

sphaeophila, Krauss, ibidem, Vol. 68, p. 531, pl. 5, f. 2a-d (1879).

limbata, Fischer, Orth. Eur. p. 216, pl. 10, f. 7.(1853) (Ephippigera).

selenophora, Fieber, Lotos. Vol. 3, p. 204 (1853).

major, Krauss, Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien. Vol. 68 (1), p. 529 (1879).

10. E. nigromarginata, Lucas, Explor. Alg. Vol. 3, p. 19 (4), pl. 2, f. 5a-c

(1849) (Ephippigera).

dorsalis, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 202 (1853) (Ephippigera).

11. E?. elegans, Fischer, Orth. Eur. p. 219, pl. 10. f. 13a-d (1853)

(Ephippigera).

12. E. ephippiger, Fiebig, Schrift. Berl. Ges. Nat. Freunde. Vol. 5, p. 263

pl. 4, f. 6-8 (1784) (Gryllus).

siluicola, Azam, Misc. Ent. Vol. 9, p. 198 (1901).

vitium, Serville, Ann, Sc. Nat. Vol. 22, p. 165 (1831).

fibigiit, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 203 (1853

fabricit, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 203 (1853).

var, moguntiaca, Schuster, Jahrb, Nassau, Nat. Vol. 59, p. 153 (1906).

13, E. hispanica, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 202 (1853).

14. E. latipennis, Fischer, Orth. Eur. p. 215 note, pl. 10, f. 5-5a (1853).

15. E. longicauda, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 2, p. 220. pl. g,

f. 3 (1873). — Plate, Figs 3, 4.

16. E. ornata, Schmidt. Haidinger, Ber. Mitth. Freund. Nat. Wien, Vol. 6,

p. 184 (1850).

. E. pantingana, Navas, Bol. Soc. Aragon. Sc. Nat. Vol. 3, p- 1gt (1904).

Spain, Portugal, North

Africa.

Cartagena.

Spain.

Italy.

Italy, France.

Spain.

Sicily.

France, Spain.

Spain.

Europe.

France, Holland, Germany,

Belgium, Switzerland,

Austria, Italy, Hungary,

Spain, Bulgaria, etc.

Mayence.

Spain.

Algeria.

Spain.

Carniola.

Spain.

BAM. EOCUSTIDZAS 5-

18. &. paulinoi, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 189, 215, pl. 5, f. 3a-b (1876). Granada,

19. E. perforata, Rossi, Fauna Etrusca, Vol. 1, p. 267, pl. 8, f. 3-4 (1790) Italy.

(Locusta).

rosstt, Fieber, Lotos, Vol 3, p. 202 (1853).

20. E. provincialis, Yersin, Bull. Soc. Vaud. Vol. 4, p.65, pl. 1, f.9-15 (1856). France.

21. E. saussureanus, Bolivar, Anal Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 442,447 Spain.

pl. 4, pao (1878).

22. E. taentata, Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool, Vol. 5, p. 238 (1898). Morocco.

23. E. terrestris, Yersin, Bull. Soc. Vaud. Vol. 4, p. 63, pl. 1, f. 1-8 (1856). Provence, Piedmont.

minor, Azam, Bull. Soc. Sc. Litt. Basses-Alpes, Vol. 6, p. 219 (1893).

24. EF. verticalis, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 201 (1853). Sicily.

25. E. zapatertt, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 188-206, pl. 5, f. 7 (1876). Aragon.

26. E. selleri, Fischer, Orth. Eur. p. 220, pl. 10, f. 15-a-d (1853). Rome.

Nore. — Burr, Ent. Record, Vol. 20, p. 113 (1908), mentions Ephippiger politus as a species

unknown to him. He attributes the name to Navas and gives the date as 1899. I can not find that such

a species was ever described by Navas and I de not know to what Dr. Burr referred. (Later Rev. Navas

writes me that this refers to Steropleurus polita, Bolivar.)

3. GENUS UROMENUS, BoLivar

Uromenus. Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 446 (1878); Buysson, Bull. Hist. Nat.

Raris, Vol. 9. p. 225 (1903); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 161 (1906).

Stenopleurus. Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 231 (1898).

Characters, — Fastigium of the vertex as in Ephippigey. Pronotum selJate, but provided with

more or less distinct lateral carine, at least posteriorly; prosternum unarmed. Both fore and hind tibie

furnished with an apical spine above. Supraanal plate of the G not separated from the anal segment.

Ovipositor curved upwards, usually quite strongly so.

Type. — Ephippiger rugosicollis, Serville.

Geographical distribution of species. — Europe, Africa.

1. U. agarenus, Brunner von Wattenwyl, Prodr. Europ. Orth. p. 370, 377. Ceuta.

(1882) (Ephippigera).

. U. compressicollis, Fischer, Orth. Eur. p. 215, pl. 10, f. 6 (1853) Algeria.

(Ephippigera).

transfuga, Brunner von Wattenwyl, Prodr. Europ. Orth. p. 372, 389

(1882) (Ephippigera).

3. U. confusus, Finot, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. Vol. 65, p. 539, 542 (1897) France, Algeria.

(Ephippigera).

4. U. costaticollis, Lucas, Explor. Alger. Vol. 3, p. 17, Orth. pl. 2, f. 3, Algeria.

(1849) (Ephippigera), — Plate, Fig. 5.

5. U. finott, Brunner von Wattenwyl, Prodr. Eur. Orth. p. 370, 376 Algeria.

(1882) (Ephippigera),.

6. U. hastatus, Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 807 (1898) (Ephip- Morocco.

pigera).

7. U. innocent, Finot & Bonnett, Rev. Montpell. (3), Vol. 4, p. 345, Tunis.

pl. 16, f. 8-13 (1885) (Ephippiger).

var. lobata, Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 236 (1898) (Ephippigera). Algeria.

8. U. laticollis, Lucas, Explor. Alger. Vol. 3, p. 18, Orth. pl. 2, t. 4 (1849) Algeria.

(Ephippigera).

g. U. maroccanus, Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 235 (1898) Morocco.

(Ephippigera).

6 ORTHOPTERA

10. U. mauretanicus, Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 233 (1898) Morocco.

(Ephippigera).

11. U. poncyi, Bolivar, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. p. 222 (1902) (Ephippigera Morocco, Atlas.

[Uromenus]).

12. U. rhombifer, Bolivar, Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 8, p. 330(1908). Marruecos.

13. U. rugosicollis, Serville, Ins. Orth. p. 475 (1839) (Ephippiger). France, Spain, Corsica,

durteut, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 187, 203, 300, pl. 4, f. 10 (1876) (Ephippiger). Sardinia, Alger.

vespertina, Dufour, Rech. Anat. Phys. Orth. p. 347, pl. f. 36 (1841)

(Ephippiger).

14. U. vosselervi, Krauss, Jahr. Ver. Wiirttemb. Vol. 49, p. 96 (1893) Algeria.

(Ephippigera).

15. U. vaucherianus, Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 232 (1898) Morocco.

(Ephippigera).

4. GENUS STEROPLEURUS, BOLIVAR

Steropleurus. Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 449 (1878); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth.

Vol. 2, p. 163 (1906); Burr, Ent. Record, Vol. 20, p. 58 (1908).

Characters. — In general structure agreeing with Uvomenus but is separable from that genus by

the supraanal plate of the G% being more or less separated from the anal segment and the ovipositor is

not usually so strongly curved upwards. The ventral segments of the abdomen are entire and the cerci

of the are conical or cylindrical with an inner toothe at the middle or in the basal half.

Type. — Ephippiger brunner?, Bolivar.

Geographical distribution of species. — Europe, Africa.

t. S. algericus, Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth. p. 371, 382 (1882) (Ephippigera). Algeria.

2. S. annae, Targioni-Tozzetti, Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital. Vol. 13, p. 181 (1881) Sardinia.

(Ephippigera).

coronata, Costa, Atti Accad. Nap. (2), Vol. 1 (9), p. 50 (1884) (Ephippiger).

3. S. antennatus, Brunner, Prodr. Eur.Orth. p.371, 383(1882)(EpAippigera). Algeria.

4. S. asturiensis, Bolivar, Ann. Sc. Nat. Porto, Vol. 5, p. 140, 144 (1898) Asturias.

(Ephippigera).

5. S. baleavica, Bolivar, C. R. Soc. Ent. Belg. Vol. 28, p. 106 (1884) Majorca.

(Ephippiger).

6. S. brevicollis, Fischer, Orth. Eur. p. 219 note, pl. 10, f. 12, 12a (1853) Algeria?

(Ephippigera).

7. S. brunneri, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 186, 190, pl. 4, f. 4, 4@ (1876) Spain.

(Ephippiger).

8. S. castellanus, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 444, 450, Burgos.

pl. 4, f. rx (1878) (Ephippiger).

g. S. catalaunicus, Bolivar, Ann. Sc. Nat. Porto, Vol. 5, p. 140, 143 (1898) Catalonia.

(Ephippigera).

10. S. cavannae, Targioni-Tozzetti, Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital. Vol. 13, p. 181 Calabria.

(1881) (Ephippigera).

11. S. flavovittatus, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol, 7, p. 445, 450 ?

(1878) (Ephippiger).

12. S. tnenaymis, Buysson, Bull. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 9, p. 225 (1903) Algeria.

Nomen nudum, undiscribed.

13. S. lucasi, Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth. p. 372, 386 (1882) (Ephippigera). Algeria.

14. S. martorellii, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 444, 450, Spain.

pl. 4, f. 12 (1878) (Ephippigera).

var. angulata, Bolivar, Bolet. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 8, p. 332 (1908). Molinicos.

FAM. EO CUS TID As

15. S. nevit, Vosseler, Zool. Jahrb. Syst. Vol. 16, p. 398, pl. 18, f. 7, 8 N. Africa.

(1902) (Ephippigera).

16. S. nobyet, Bolivar, Ann. Sc. Nat. Porto, Vol. 5, p. 141, 145 (1898) Spain, Portugal.

(Ephippigera).

17. S. obsoletus, Bolivar, ibidem, Vol. 5, p. 143, 148 (1898) (Ephippigera). Spain.

18. S. ortegai, Pantel, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 25. p. 72 (1896) Spain.

(Ephippigera).

19. S. panteli, Navas, Act. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. p.46, 176(1899)(Ephippigera). Tarragona.

20. S. perezit, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 187, 200, pl. 4, f. 9 (1876) (Ephippigera). Spain.

— Plate, Fig. 6.

21. S. polita, Bolivar, Bolet. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 1, p. 335 (1gor). Spain.

22. S. pseudolus, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 445, 450 Spain.

(1878) (Ephippiger) (Steroplewrus).

23. S. siculus, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 201 (1853) (Ephippigera). Sicily.

idomenaet, Lucas, Rev. Zool.(2), Vol. 6, p.165, pl.2,f. 1 (1854) (Ephippigera).

maculatis, Yersin, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (3), Vol. 8,p. 517, pl. 10, f. 3-6 (1860)

(Ephippigera).

24. S. staeli, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 187, 202, pl. 4, f. 11 (1876) (Ephippoger). Spain.

5. GENUS CALLICRANIA, BOLIVAR

Callicrania. Bolivar, Ann. Sc. Nat. Porto, Vol. 5, p. 134 (1898); Azam, Misc. Ent. Vol. 9, p. 110

(1901); Kirby, Syn, Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 171 (1906); Burr, Ent. Record, Vol. 20, p. 196 (1908).

Lamprogaster. Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 451 (1878); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth.

Vol. 7, p. 171-(1906).

Characters. — Fastigium of the vertex more or less lubercular. Pronotum sellate, the lateral

carinz more or less well developed, at least towards the posterior portion; prosternum unarmed. Fore

and middle tibiz with an apical spine above, at least on one side. Ventral segments of the abdomen, at

least the basal ones, represented by two callosities, one on each side of the median line and near to each

other. Supraanal plate of the o placed below the anal segment; cerci of o large with the base broad

and produced interiorly into a strong tooth, then slenderer and longer than the supraanal plate, sharp

and bent inward apically. Subanal plate of Q furnished at the base with two oblique keels and bent

inwards, forming a depression on each side, the rest membraneous.

Type. — Ephippiger (Steropleurus) vamburit, Bolivar.

Geographical distribution of species. — Europe, Africa.

. bolwart, Seoane, C. R. Soc. Ent. Belg. Vol.a1, p.71(1878) (Epheppiger).

. megit, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 2. p. 224, pl. g, f. 5

(1872) (Ephippigera); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 172 (1906)

Spain.

Spain, Portugal.

(Callicrania).

3. C. pellucida, Bolivar, Le Naturaliste, Vol. 7, p. 116 (1885) (Ephip- Western Europe, Portugal,

pugera). Spain, North Africa.

4. C. selligey, Charpentier, Hor. Ent. p. gg (1825) (Barbitistes). Spain, Portugal.

. seoanet, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 187, 197, pl. 4, f. 7a-6

(Ephippiger). — Piate, Figs. 7, 8.

laeta, Navas, Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 2, p. 333 (1903) (Ephtppigera);

Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 171 (1906).

. monticola, Serville, Ins. Orth. p. 476 (1839) (Ephippiger).

vamburi, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 443, 449, pl. 4,

f. 19, 19a (1878) (Ephippiger [Steropleurus]).

. seyvata, Bolivar, Le Naturaliste, Vol. 7, p. 117 (1885) (Ephippigera).

(1876) Spain, Portugal.

Spain.

Spain, Portugal.

8 ORTHOPTERA

6. GENUS PLATYSTOLUS, BOLIVAR

Platystolus. Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 450 (1878); Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth.

p. 399 (1882); Navas, Bol. Soc. Aragon. Scienc. Nat. Vol. 3, p. 197 (1904); Notas Zool. Vol. g,

p. 5 (1905); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 173 (1906).

Characters. — Fastigium of the vertex scarcely tubercular and no tubercle situated below it

as common in most the foregoing genera. Pronotum sellate, lateral carinee present posteriorly, the

lateral lobes declivate; prosternum unarmed. Posterior tibiz with an apical spine above.

Type. — Ephippiger surculavius, Bolivar.

Geographical distribution of species. — Europe.

1. P. martinez, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 2, p. 222, pl.g, Spain.

f. 4 (1873) (Ephippigera).

2. P. surcularius, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 186, 198, pl. 5, f. ga-b (1876) Spain, Portugal.

(Ephippiger). — Plate, Fig. 9.

7. GENUS PRAEPHIPPIGERIDA, BUYSSON

Przephippigerida. Buysson, Bull, Mus. Paris, Vol. 9, p. 227 (1903); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2,

p. 172 (1906).

Przephippigera. Bolivar, Ann. Mus. Zool. Univ. Napoli (n. ser.), Vol. 1, p. 1 (1g03). -— Nomennudium,

no species included.

Characters. — This genus is similar to Platys'olus but for the pronotum, which is without

lateral carinee. The pronotum is elevated anteriorly and keeled mesially behind. The lateral lobes of the

pronotum are sinuate on the lower border. The ovipositor is slightly incurved. The single species

belonging here is a very large plump insect of a green or yellowish color.

te) Db J tel : i

Type. — Ephippigera pachygaster, Lucas.

Geographical distribution of species. — Africa, Europe (Sardinia).

1. P. pachygaster, Lucas, Expl. Alg. Vol. 3, p. 15 (4); Orth. pl. 2, f. 2 Algeria, Tunis (Sardinia).

(1849) (Ephippigera). — Plate, Fig. 10.

burmeister, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 201 (1853) (Ephippigera).

oudryanus, Bonnet & Finot, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. (6), Vol. 4, p. 27 (1884

(Ephippiger).

8. GENUS BAETICA, BUYSSON

Baetica. Bysson, Bull. Mus. Paris, Vol. 9, p. 227 (1903).

, 9; } 7 MEG

Platephippius. Navas. Bol. Soc. Aragon, Sc. Nat. Vol. 3, p. 197 (1904).

Characters. — Structurally very close to the previous genus but the single species comprising

it may be easily separated from the single species of Praephippigerida by the much smaller size and the

color of the entire upper surface, which is black with light tinge on hinder part of the pronotum. The

legs are not black.

be)

Type. — Ephippiger ustulata, Rambur.

PAM. VOCUSTIDAS

Geographical distribution of species, — Andalusia.

1. B. ustulata, Rambur, Faune Andal. Vol. 2, p. 52, pl. 4. f. 3, 4 (1839)

Andalusia.

(Ephippiger) ; Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth. pp. 399, 401 (1882) (Platys-

tolus); Buysson, Bol. Mus. Paris, Vol. 9, p. 227 (1903) (Baetica);

Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 172 (1906); Burr, Ent, Record, Vol. 20,

p. 198 (1908). — Plate, Fig. II.

9. GENUS SYNEPHIPPIUS, Navas

Synephippius. Navas, Notas Zool. Vol. 9, p. 4, 5 (1905).

Characters. — Original after Navas. « Fronte inter antennas tuberculo transverso minuto, a

tuberculo verticis deplanato, medio impresso, sejuncto. Pronoto carinis lateralibus distinctis in prozona ~

et metazona; metazona disco fornicato, medio haud carinato. Segmento anali in 6 postice elongato in

duos lobulos, medio longitudinaliter impresso, laminam supraanalem bilobatam fere occultante; cercis

externe acuminatis, dente acuto ante apicem interne instructis. Lamina subgenitalis in 9 postice medio

emarginata, lateribus sulco obliquo distincta. Femoribus posterioribus subtus spinulis paucis instructis.

Cetera ut in genere antiquo Platystolus ».

Type. — Platystolus obvious, Navas.

Geographical distribution of species. — Spain.

1. S. obvious, Navas, Bol. Soc. Aragon Scienc. Nat. Vol. 3, p. 196 (1904) Spain.

(Platystolus).

Pages

agarenus, Brunn. (g. Uromenus)

algericus, Brunn. (g. Steropleurus)

andalusius, Ramb. (g. Ephippiger)

angulata, Bol. (g. Steropleurus)

annae, Targ.-Tozz. (g. Steropleurus)

antennatus, Brunn. (g. Steropleurus)

areolaria, Bol. (g. Ephippiger)

asturiensis, Bol. (g. Steroplenrus)

Beetica (gen.), Buyss.

balearica, Bol. (g. Steropleurus)

Bathyscapes (gen.), Fieb.

bolivari, Seoane (g. Callicrana)

bolivari, Brunn. (g. Pycnogaster)

borellii, Griff. (¢. Ephippiger)

bormansi, Brunn. (g. Ephippiger)

brevicollis, Fisch. (g Steropleurus)

brevipes, Nav. (g. Pycnogater)

burmeistert, Fieb. (g. Praephippigerida)

Dr DA AHR NM

Ww Or oo

owar Fw

INDEX

Pages

brunneri, Bol. (g. Steropleurus) 6

Callicrana (gen.), Bol. 7

carinata, Bol. (g. Ephippiger) 4

castellanus, Bol. (g. Stevopleurus) 6

catalaunicus, Bol. (g. Steropleurus) 6

cavannae, Targ.-Tozz.(g.Steropleurus) 6

compressicolis, Fisch. (g. Uromenus) 5

confusus, Fin. (g. Uromenus) By

coronata, Costa (g. Steropleurus) 6

costaticollis, Luc. (g. Uromenus) 5

crucigera, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger) 4

cucullatus, Charp. (g. Pycnogaster) 3}

cunii, Bol. (g. Ephippiger) 4

diluta, Bol. (g. Ephippiger) 4

discoidalis, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger) 4

dorsalis, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger) 4

durieni, Bol. (g. Uromenus) 6

elegans, Fisch. (g. Ephippiger)

Ephippiger (gen.), Latr.

ephippiger, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger)

Ephippigerida (gen.), Buyss.

EPHIPPIGERINZ (Subfam.)

fabricit, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger)

fihigii, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger)

finoti, Brunn. (g. Uromenus)

finotii, Bol. (g. Pyenogaster)

flavovittatus, Bol. (g. Steroplenrus)

gaditanus, Bol. (g. Pycnogaster)

gracilis, Brun. (g. Ephipprger)

graellsii, Bol. (g. Pycnogaster)

hastatus, Sauss. (g. Uromenus)

hispanica, Fieb. (g. Ephipprger)

idomenaei, Luc. (g: Steropleurus)

se)

ORTHOPTERA

Pages Pages Paces

inenarmis, Buyss. (g. Steropleura) 6 obsoletus, Bol. (g. Steropleurus) 7 sanchez-gomezi, Bol. (g. Pycnogaster) 3

inermis, Ramb. (g. Pycnogaster) 3 obvious, Nav. (g. Synxephippius) 9 surcularius, Bol. (g. Platystolus) 8

innocentii, Fin. & Bon. (g. Uromenus) 5 ornata, Schmidt (g. Ephippiger) 4 saussureanus, Bol. (g. Ephippiger’) 5

ortegai, Pant. (g. Steropleurus) 7 scabricollis, Ramb. (g. Ephippiger) a

jugicola, Graells (g. Pycnogaster) 3 oudryanus, Bonn. & Fin. (g. Praephip- selenophora, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger) 4

pigerida) 8 selliger, Charp. (g. Callicrana) 7

laeta, Nav, (g. Callicrana) 7 seoanei, Bol. (g. Callicyana) 7

Lamprogaster (gen.}. Bol. a) pachygaster, Luc. (g. Praephippige- serrata, Bol. (g. Callicrana) 7

laticollis, Luc. (g. Uromenus) 5 rida) 8 siculus, Fieb. (g. Steropleurus) 7

latipennis, Fisch. (g. Ephippiger) 4 panteli, Nav. (g. Steropleura) 7 siluicola, Az. (g. Ephippiger) 4

levantina, Bol. (gy. Ephippiger) 4 pantingana, Nav. (g. Ephippiger) 4 Sphaeophila, Krauss (g. Ephippiger) 4

limbata, Fisch. (g. Ephippiger) 4 paulinoi, Bol. (g. Ephippiger) 5 staeli, Bol. (g. steropleurus) 7

lobata, Sauss. (g. Uromenus| 3) pellucida, Bol. (g. Callicrana) 7 Stenopleurus (gen.), Sauss. 5

longicauda, Bol. (g. Ephippiger’) 4 perezii, Bol. (g. Steropleura) 7 Steropleurus (gen.), Bol. 6

lucasi, Brun, (g. Steropleura) 6 perforata, Ross. (g. Ephippiger) 5 Synephippius (gen.), Nav. 9

Platephippius (gen.), Nav. 8

maculatis, Vers. (g. Steropleurus) a] Platystolus (gen ), Bol. 8 teeniata, Sauss. (g. Ephippiger) 5

major, Krauss (g. Ephippiger) 4 polita, Bol. (g. Steropleura) 7 terrestris, Yers. (¢. Ephippiger) 5

maroccanus, Sauss. (g. Uromenus) 5 politus, Nav. (g. Ephippiger) 5 transfuga, Brunn. (g. Uromenus)

martinezii, Bol. (g. Platystolus) 8 poncyi, Bol. (g. Uromenus) 6

martorellii, Bol. (g. Steropleurus) 6 Przephippigera (gen.), Bol. 8 Uromenus (gen.), Bol. 5

mauretanicus, Sauss. (g. Uromenus) 6 Przephippigerida (gen.), Buyss. 8 ustulata, Ramb. (g. Baetica) 9

miegii, Bol. (g. Callicrana) 7 provincialis, Yers. (g. Ephippiger) 5)

minor, Azam (g. Ephippiger) 5 pseudolus, Bol. (g. Stevopleura) 7 vaucherianus, Sauss. (g. Uromenus) 6

minor, Krauss (g. Ephippiger) 4 Pycnogaster (gen.), Graells. 3 verticalis, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger) 5

moguntiaca, Schust. (g. Ephippiger) 4 PYCNOGASTERINA€E (Subfam.) 1 vespertina, Duf. (g. Uromenus) 6

monticola, Serv. (g. Callicrana) 7 vitium, Serv. (g. Ephippiger) Lag

vamburt, Bol. (g. Callicrana) 7 vosseleri, Krauss (g. Uromenus) 6

nerli, Voss. (g. Steropleurus) G] rhombifer, Bol. (g. Uromenus) 6

nigromarginata, Luc. (g. Ephippiger) 4 rossit, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger) D zapaterii, Bol. (g. Ephippiger) 5

7 rugosicollis, Bol. (g. Uromenus) 6 zelleri, Fisch. (g. Ephippiger) 5

nobrei, Bol. (g. Steropleurus)

EXPLANATION OF PLATE

Pycnogastey graellstt, Bolivar (G%, pronotum, side view), after Bolivar.

— (dc, pronotum, top view), after Bolivar.

Ephippiger longicauda, Bolivar (Q, side view), after Bolivar.

— (co, end of abdomen from above), after Bolivar.

tal

Loa

tal

OPNOS OOS SS Ove Gn 5G)

Uromenus costaticollis, Lucas (3, side view), after Lucas.

Steropleurvus perezti, Bolivar (Q, side view), after Bolivar.

Callicrania seoanet, Bolivar (¢%, end of abdomen from above), after Bolivar.

— — (Q, ovipositor from the side), after Bolivar.

Platystolus surcularius, Bolivar (%, tip of abdomen from above), after Bolivar.

Praephippigerida pachygaster, Lucas (O*, side view), after Lucas.

. Baetica ustulata, Rambur (co, original).

Washington, D. C., U. S. A. 15th September 1912.

GENERA INSECTORUM ORTHOPTERA

Steropleurus perezti Bolivar.

Callicrania seoanei Bol. ovipositor

Callicrania seoanei Bol. Platystolus surcidarius Bol.

End of abdomen trom above. tip of abdomen trom above.

Praephippigerida pachygaster Lucas.

Uromenus costaticollis Lucas

Pyenogaster graellsi Bol. Ephiz

pronotum , side view. End_of

Pyenogaster graellsi Bol.

pronotum , side view.

FAM. LOCUSTIDAL

SUBFAM. EPHIPPIGERINA.

149" FASCICULE ORTHOPTERA

ENERA

~[TNSECTORUM

DIRIGES PAR

P.WYTSMAN

ORTHOPTERA

FAM. LOCUSTIDE

SUBFAM. EPHIPPIGERINA (= PYCNOGASTERINA)

bys A2yN:. (CAUDELL

WITH I COLOURED PLATE

1912

oso

PRIX : FR. 5.00

En vente chez V. VERTENEUIL & L. DESMET, Imprimeurs-Editeurs, 60-62, rue T’Kint, BRUXELLES.

Prospectus gratis et franco sur demande

Direction scientifique : M. P. WyTSMAN, Zoologiste, Quatre-Bras, TERVUEREN (Belgique).

- ORTHOPTERA

FAM. LOCUSTID&@

SUBFAM. EPHIPPIGERINAE (= PYCNOGASTERINE)

Ne Gi pe ee OT i. ie F ee sy a

ORTHOPTERA

FAM. LOCUSTID

SUBFAM. EPHIPPIGERINZ (= PYCNOGASTERINA)

by A. N. CAUDELL

WITH I COLOURED PLATE

in both sexes.

Belgium, in northern Europe, is the northern limit of distribution of this group of Orthoptera

according to Dr. Burr. Southward they range over northern Africa, but they preponderate in the

Iberian Peninsula according to the above authority, who also states that a few species are recorded

from the Mediterranean Islands, Italy and the Balkan Peninsula. '

The Ephippigerine are insects of slow motion and frequent shrubbery and bushy ground, where

they are said to be seen with difficulty so well do they match in with surroundings. Both sexes often

betray their presence by their stridulation, which occurs not only when the insects are undisturbed, but

also when they are angry or excited. The females stridulate as.freely as the males and when held in the

hand either sex bites freely, proving very vicious little captives. In food habits they are probably

omnivorous. Some species deposit their eggs in stems similar to Gecanthus. These insects mutilate

each other if inclosed together and in nature probably eat other insects.

Dr. Doederlein. Mittheil. Philomath. Ges. Elsass-Loth. Vol. 3, p. 26-28, plate (1895), in writing of

Ephippigera vitium, says the females chirp when disturbed and states that the food is by choice dried

vegetation. but when such is unavailable they will eat other material, and fruit, as grapes etc. He says

they will also eat dead insects but not living ones, but will chew each other up if one gets badly wounded.

2 ORTHOPTERA

This subfamily is briefly characterized as follows :

Antenne inserted between the lower edge of the eyes, nearer the clypeal suture than the top of

the occiput. Prosternum unarmed or armed with a pair of spines; pronotum without spines or ser-

rations, the disk flat or sellate, lateral carinee present or absent. Both sexes winged, but the organs of

flight are always short and, especially in the female. almost or quite concealed beneath the pronotum;

tympanii well developed in both sexes. Tarsi depressed, the posterior ones with the third segment

longer than the second; fore tibia furnished with conchate foramina and armed above with an apical

spine on the outer side only; hind tibia with four apical spurs below and above without apical spines

or with one on the inner side only; femora not strongly swollen basally. Ovipositor usually as long as,

or longer than, the abdomen and curved more or less strongly upwards. °

The first general review of this subfamily was by Bolivar in 1878, Anal. Soc. Espan. Hist. Nat.

Vol. 7, p. 446. He gave tables of genera and species as then known. The same author twenty-five years

later, Ann. Mus. Zool. Univ. Napoli (n. ser.), Vol. 1, p. 1, 2 (1903), enumerates the genera and points

out that the sternum furnishes promising characters for classification. Recently Dr. Malcolm Burr, Ent.

Record, Vol. 19, p. 237-239 (1907), gives a brief but able discussion of the subfamily with a table of

genera and then follows with a treatment of the species found in western Europe.

Nine genera comprise this subfamily. They may be separated by the following table :

TABLE OF GENERA OF THE FAMILY EPHIPPIGERINA® 1)

1. Pronotum flat above (with distinct persistent lateral cavinae); proster-

num aymed with a paiy of spines . . . . . . «~~. ~6©. Genus Pycnocaster, Graells.

— Pronotum sellate, the metazona in a different plane than that of the

prvozona ; prosternum unarmed en

2. Vertex inclined, with the fastium forming a tubercle, and generally

sulcate longitudinally, contiguous beneath with a frontal tubercle,

which is narrower than the first segment of the antennae. . . . . . . . . se we 3D

— Vertex vertical, with fastigium little prominent ; no frontal tubercle ;

suture of the union with the vertex greater than the breadth of the

ViVSL SCPINCNL OP TRE GULCHHGE 8 <6) ee oe ce ee Sy .b- A EA OF

3. Pronotum with no lateral keels separating disc from side flaps, more or

desstoyliiavical. 22 5 ws ws st ss ww ew | 2. GENUS) EBHIPPIGERA, Catrenlle:

— Pronotum with lateral keels separating the disc from the side flaps. . . . . . . . 2 se we 4,

4. Supraanal plate of male not separated from the anal segment, which ts

produced between the cerct (ovipositor, in the European species,

styongly curved upwards). . . 2. 2. . 2 ee . . 3. Genus Uromenus, Bolivar.

— Supraanal plate of male more or less separated from the anal segment.

(Ovipositor slightly curved) . 2. 1. ee, wy Siig ca, 4 LAR eee Ve eh Ae

5. Ventral segments entire, that is, represented by a smooth or lumpy cen-

tral plate; supraanal plate of male joined to the anal segment, the point

of union marked by a distinct furrow. Cerci of male conical or cylin-

drvical and truncate obliquely at the extremity, with an inner tooth

in the middte or apical half . 4. Genus STEROPLEURUS. Bolivar

—- Ventval segments represented, at least at the base of the abdomen, by

1) After Burr, with slight modification.

FAM. LOCUSTIDA 3

two callosities, placed one on each side of the median line, and near

to each other. Supraanal plate of male placed below the anal segment.

Cerct of male large, with the base broad and produced interrorly into

a strong tooth, then slender, and longer than the supraanal plate,

bent inwards, at the apex, which ends ina sharp point . . 5. Genus Catricranis, Bolivar.

6. Side flaps of pronotum roundly inserted; pronotum with no lateral

RAUISE co cd ek Laie Si Bes ORO Coe: ae 2 et ie oem metat o7/)

— Side flaps of pronotum set at an angle; metazona with lateval'keels . 6. Genus Piatystotus, Bolivar.

7. Small, less than So mm. long in either sexe, exclusive of the ovipositor ;

color above black . Genus PR#PHIPPIGERA, Bolivar.

— Large, over 40 mm. long in both sexes; green.

Unplaced .

. Genus Barica, Bolivar.

LO Gs Colin:

. Genus SyNEpuippus, Navas.

GENUS PYCNOGASTER, GRAELLS

Pycnogaster, Graells, Mem. Acad. Sc. Madrid (3), Vol. 1 (2), p. 155 (1851); Bolivar, Orth. Esp.

Portug. p. 177 (1876); Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth. p. 403 (1882); Rev. Orth. p. 189 (1893);

Navas, Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 2, p. 266 (1902); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 17

(1906); Burr, Ent. Record, Vol. 20, p. 199 (1908).

Bathyscapes. Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 188 (1853).

Characters. — General form stout and plump. Pronotum more or less flat above, not sellate,

lateral carine present, distinct and persistent; lateral lobes vertical, longer than high, the lower margins

generally emarginate or concave ; prosternum armed with a pair of spines. Elytra almost or quite

concealed beneath the pronotum, especially in the female. Posterior femora short and weak, but

slightly swollen at the base; hind tibiz with or without an apical spine in the inner side above, none on

the outer side.

Type. — Pycnogaster jugicola, Graells.

Geographical distribution of species, — Europe, Africa.

1. P. bolivari, Brunner, Prodr. Europ. Orth. p. 403-404, pl. 10, f. 92 (1882). Spain.

2. P. brevipes, Navas, Act. Soc. Esp. p. 235 (1899). Spain.

3. P. cucullatus, Charpentier, Hor. Ent. p.98(1825) (Barbitistes). Spain, Portugal.

4. P. finotit, Bolivar, An. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 10, p. 503, pl.8,f.1(1881). Oran, Algeria, Spain.

gaditanus, Bolivar, Ann. Sc. Nat. Porto, Vol. 6, p. 4 (1900).

5. P. graellsi, Bolivar, An. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 2, p. 218, pl. 9, f.2 Spain.

(1873). — Plate, Fig. |. 2.

6. P. mermis, Rambur, Faune Andal. Vol. 2, p. 57, pl. 4, f. 1, 2 (1839) Sierra Nevada, Spain.

(Bradyporus).

7. P. jugicola, Graells, Mem. Acad. Sc. Madrid (3), Vol. 1 (2), p. 157, pl. 9, Spain, Portugal.

£. 1-3 (1851).

8. P. sanchez-gomezt Bolivar, Act. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. p. 172 (1897). Ahmeria, Valenzia, Spain.

2. GENUS EPHIPPIGER, LATREILLE

Ephippiger. Latreille, Cuvier’s Regne Anim. (new edit.), p. 184, footnote (1829); Serville, Ann. Sc.

Nat. Vol. 22, p. 165 (1831); Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 446 (1878); Saussure,

ORTHOPTERA:

Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 231 (1878); Kirby, Proc. Royal Dublin Soc. Vol. 6, p. 579 (1890);

Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 166 (1906); Burr, Ent. Rec. Vol. 19, p. 239 (1907).

Ephippigerida. Buysson, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 9, p. 226 (1903); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth.

Vol. 2, p. 166 (1906); Caudell, Ent. News Philad. Vol. 22, p. 166 (1911).

Characters. — Fastigium of the vertex compressed between the antennz as a more or less

elevated tubercle, usually.concave above. Pronotum distinctly sellate, without lateral carine, the lateral

lobes rounded; prosternum unarmed. Legs of various lengths but usually short, but little swollen

basally; anterior tibiz with an apical spine above on the outer side; hind tibiz with an apical spine

above on the inner side only. Elytra very short, being almost concealed beneath the pronotum.

ND Of

Ke)

Io.

LT.

165))

I4.

TOR

16.

Type. — Gryllus ephippiger, Fiebig.

Geographical distribution of species. — Europe, North Africa.

. E. andalusius, Rambur, Faune Andal. Vol. 2, p. 49, pl. 3, f. 3-4 (1839)

(Ephippiger).

scabricollis, Rambur, Faune Andal. Vol. 2, p. 51 (1839).

var, levantina, Bolivar, Bolet. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 8, p. 332 (1908).

&. aveolaria, Bolivar, Orth. Esp, p. 188, 210, pl. 5, f.

(Ephippiger).

E. borellit, Griffini, Boll. Mus. Torino, Vol. 8, n° 138, p. 1, f. 1 (1893)

(Ephippigera).

E. bormansi, Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth. p.373, 394 (1882) (Ephippigera).

FE. carinata, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 189. 212, pl. 5, f. 5 (1876) (Ephippiger).

E. crucigera, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p 202 (1853) (Ephippigera).

E. cunii, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 188, 208, pl. 4, f. 12a-b (1876)

(Ephippiger).

E. diluta, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7,

pl. 4, f. 9, 9a (1878) (Ephippiger).

gracilis, Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth. p. 370, 379 (1882) (Ephippigera).

P- 442, 447,

_ E. discoidalis, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 203 (1853) (Ephippigera).

minor, Krauss, Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien. Vol. 68.(1), p. 529 (1879).

sphaeophila, Krauss, ibidem, Vol. 68, p. 531, pl. 5, f. 2a-d (1879).

limbata, Fischer, Orth. Eur. p. 216, pl. 1853) (Ephippigera).

selenophora, Fieber, Lotos. Vol. 3, p. 204 (1853).

major, Krauss, Sitzungsb, Akad. Wiss. Wien. Vol. 68 (1), p. 529 (1879).

E. ngromarginata, Lucas, Explor, Alg. Vol. 3, p. 19 (4), pl. 2, f.

ro, £. 7'(

5a-c

(1849) (Ephippigera).

dorsalis, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 202 (1853) (Ephippigera).

E?. elegans, Fischer, Orth. Eur. p. 219, pl. ro. f. 13a-d (1853)

(Ephippigera).

2. E. ephippiger, Fiebig, Schrift Berl. Ges. Nat. Freunde. Vol. 5, p. 263,

pl. 4, f. 6-8 (1784) (Gryllus).

silvicola, Azam, Misc. Ent. Vol. 9, p. 198 (1901).

vitium, Serville, Ann. Sc, Nat. Vol. 22,

fibigit, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 203 (1853).

fabricit, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 2

var, moguntiaca, Schuster, Jahrb. Nassau, Nat. Vol. 59, p. 153

E. hispanica, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p- 202 (1853).

E, latipennis, Fischer, Orth. Eur. p. 215 note, pl. 10, f. 5-5a (1853).

E, longicauda, Bolivar, Anal. Soc, Esp. Hist Nat. Vol. 2, p. 220. pl. 9,

f. 3 (1873). — Plate, Figs 3, 4.

E. ornata, Schmidt. Haidinger, Ber. Mitth. Freund. Nat. \WWien, Vol. 6,

p- 184 (1850).

E. pantingana, Navas, Bol. Soc. Aragon. Sc. Nat. Vol. 3, p. 191 (1904).

p. 165 (1831).

3 (1853).

1900).

Spain, Portugal, North

Africa,

Cartagena,

Spain.

Italy.

Italy, France.

Spain.

Sicily.

France, Spain.

Spain.

Europe.

Sicily, Algeria.

Italy.

France, Holland, Germany,

Belgium. Switzerland,

Austria, Italy, Hungary,

Spain, Bulgaria, etc.

Mayence.

Spain.

Algeria.

Spain.

Carniola.

Spain.

BAM. (LOCUSTID At 5

18. £. paulinoi, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 189, 215, pl. 5, f. 34-6 (1876). Granada.

1g. E. perforata, Rossi, Fauna Etrusca, Vol. 1, p. 267, pl. 8, f. 3-4 (1790) Italy.

(Locusta).

rosstt, Fieber, Lotos, Vol 3, p. 202 (1853).

20. E. provincialis, Yersin, Bull. Soc. Vaud. Vol. 4, p. 65, pl. 1, f..g-15 (1856). France.

21. E. saussureanus, Bolivar, Anal Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 442.447 Spain.

pl. 4, f: 8 (1878).

22. E. taeniata, Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool, Vol. 5, p. 238 (1898). Morocco.

23. E. terrestris, Yersin, Bull. Soc. Vaud. Vol. 4, p. 63, pl. 1, f. 1-8 (1856). Provence, Piedmont.

minor, Azam, Bull, Soc. Sc. Litt. Basses-Alpes, Vol. 6, p. 219 (1893).

24. E. verticalis, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 201 (1853). Sicily.

25. EB. zabatertt, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 188-206, pl. 5, f. 7 (1876). Aragon.

26. &. sellert, Fischer, Orth. Eur. p. 220, pl. 10, f. 15-a-d (1853). Rome.

Nore. — Burr, Ent. Record, Vol. 20, p. 113 (1908), mentions Ephippiger politus as a species

unknown to him. He attributes the name to Navas and gives the date as 1899. I can not find that such

a species was ever described by Navas and I de not know to what Dr. Burr referred. (Later Rev. Navas

writes me that this refers to Steropleurus polita, Bolivar.)

3. GENUS UROMENUS, BOLIVAR

Uromenus. Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 446 (1878); Buysson, Bull. Hist. Nat.

Paris, Vol. 9. p. 225 (1903); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 161 (1906).

Stenopleurus, Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 231 (1898).

Characters. — Fastigium of the vertex as in Ephifpiger. Pronotum sellate, but provided with

more or less distinct lateral carine, at least posteriorly ; prosternum unarmed. Both fore and hind tibie

furnished with an apical spine above. Supraanal plate of the Gf not separated from the anal segment.

Ovipositor curved upwards, usually quite strongly so.

Type. — Ephippiger rugosicollis, Serville.

Geographical distribution of species. — Europe, Africa.

t. U. agarenus, Brunner von Wattenwyl, Prodr. Europ. Orth. p. 370, 377. Ceuta.

(1882) (Ephippigera).

2. U. compressicollis, Fischer, Orth. Eur. p. 215, pl. 10, f. 6 (1853) Algeria.

(Ephippigera).

transfuga, Brunner von Wattenwyl, Prodr. Europ. Orth, p. 372, 389

(1882) (Ephippigera).

3. U. confusus, Finot, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. Vol. 65, p. 539, 542 (1897) France, Algeria.

(Ephippigera).

4. U). costaticolus, Lucas, Explor. Alger. Vol. 3, p. 17, Orth. pl.-2, f. 3 Algeria.

(1849) (Ephippigera). — Plate, Fig. 5.

5. U. finott, Brunner von Wattenwyl, Prodr. Eur. Orth. p. 370, 376 Algeria.

(1882) (Ephippigera).

6. U. hastatus, Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 807 (1898) (Ephip- Morocco.

pigera).

7. U.innocenttt, Finot & Bonnett, Rev. Montpell. (3), Vol. 4, p. 345, Tunis.

pl. 16, f. 8-13 (1885) (Ephippiger).

var. lobata, Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 236 (1898) (Ephippigera). Algeria.

8. U. laticollis, Lucas, Explor. Alger. Vol. 3, p. 18, Orth. pl. 2, t. 4 (1849) Algeria.

(Ephippigera).

g. U. maroccanus, Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 235 (1898) Morocco.

(Ephippigera).

Io.

Toe

14.

ORTHOPTERA

U. mauretanicus, Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 233 (1898)

(Ephippigera).

U. poncyt, Bolivar, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. p. 222 (1902) (Ephippigera

[Uvomenus]).

U. rhombifer, Bolivar, Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 8, p. 330 (1908).

U. rvugosicollis, Serville, Ins. Orth. p. 475 (1839) (Ephippiger).

durieut, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 187, 203, 300, pl. 4, f. 10 (1876) (Ephtppiger).

vespertina, Dufour, Rech. Anat. Phys. Orth. p. 347, pl. f. 36 (1841)

(Ephippiger).

U. vosselevi, Krauss, Jahr. Ver. Wiirttemb. Vol. 49, p. 96 (1893)

(Ephippigera).

U. vaucherianus, Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool. Vol. 5, p. 232 (1898)

(Ephippigera).

Morocco,

Morocco, Atlas.

Marruecos.

France, Spain,

Sardinia, Alger.

Corsica,

Algeria.

Morocco.

4. GENUS STEROPLEURUS, BOLIVAR

Steropleurus. Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 449 (1878); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth.

Vol. 2, p. 163 (1906); Burr, Ent. Record, Vol. 20, p. 58 (1908).

Characters. — In general structure agreeing with Uromenus but is separable from that genus by

the supraanal plate of the Gf being more or less separated from the anal segment and the ovipositor is

not usually so strongly curved upwards. The ventral segments of the abdomen are entire and the cerci

of the Gf are conical or cylindrical with an inner toothe at the middle or in the basal half.

Il.

_S. bvunneri, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p.

. S. cavannae, Targioni-Tozzetti, Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital. Vol.

. S. menaymis, Buysson, Bull. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 9, p.

Type. — Ephippiger brunneri, Bolivar.

Geographical distribution of species. — Europe, Africa.

. S. algericus, Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth. p. 371, 382 (1882) (Ephippigera).

. S. annae, Targioni-Tozzetti, Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital. Vol. 13, p. 181 (1881)

(Ephippigera).

coronata, Costa, Atti Accad. Nap. (2), Vol. 1 (9), p. 50 (1884) (Ephippiger).

. S. antennatus, Brunner, Prodr. Eur.Orth. p.371, 383 (1882) (Ephippigera).

. S. asturiensis, Bolivar, Ann. Sc. Nat. Porto, Vol. 5, p. 140, 144 (1898)

(Ephippigera).

. S. balearica, Bolivar, C. R. Soc. Ent. Belg. Vol. 28, p. 106 (1884)

(Ephippiger).

.S. brevicollis, Fischer, Orth. Eur. p. 219 note, pl. 10, f. 12, 12a (1853)

(Ephippigera).

186, 190, pl. 4, f. 4, 4@ (1876)

(Ephippiger).

. S. castellanus, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 444, 450,

pl. 4, f. 11 (1878) (Ephippiger).

. S. catalaunicus, Bolivar, Ann. Sc. Nat. Porto, Vol. 5, p. 140, 143 (1808)

(Ephip pigera).

[Sj Dsme LoL

(1881) (Ephippigera).

S. flavovittatus, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol, 7, p. 445, 450

(1878) (Ephippiger).

225 (1903)

Nomen nudum, undiscribed.

. S. ducasi, Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth. p. 372, 386 (1882) (Ephippigera).

. S. martorellit, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7

» P- 444, 450,

pl. 4, f. 12 (1878) (Ephippigera).

var. angulata, Bolivar, Bolet. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 8, p. 332 (1908).

Algeria.

Sardinia.

Algeria.

Asturias.

Majorca.

Algeria?

Spain.

Burgos.

Catalonia.

Calabria.

Algeria.

Spain.

Molinicos.

FAM. LOCUSTIDA 7

15. S. nevit, Vosseler, Zool. Jahrb. Syst. Vol. 16, p. 398, pl. 18, f. 7, 8 N. Africa.

(1902) (Ephippigera).

16. S. nobvet, Bolivar, Ann. Sc. Nat. Porto, Vol. 5, p. 141, 145 (1898) Spain, Portugal.

(Ephippigera).

17. S. obsoletus, Bolivar, ibidem, Vol. 5, p. 143, 148 (1898) (Ephippigera). Spain.

18. S. ortegat, Pantel, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 25. p. 72 (1896) Spain.

(Ephippigera).

S. panteli, Navas, Act. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. p.46, 176(1899)(Ephifpigera). Tarragona.

20. S. pereszit, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 187, 200, pl. 4, f. 9 (1876) (Ephippigera). Spain.

— Plate, Fig. 6.

21. S. polita, Bolivar, Bolet. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 1, p. 335 (1901). Spain.

22. S. psendolus, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 445, 450 Spain.

(1878) (Ephippiger) (Steropleurus).

23. S. siculus, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 201 (1853) (Ephtppigera). Sicily.

idomenaet, Lucas, Rev. Zool.(2), Vol. 6, p.165, pl.2,f. 1 (1854) (Ephippigera).

maculatis, Yersin, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (3), Vol. 8, p. 517, pl. 10, f. 3-6 (1860)

(Eshippigera).

24. S. staeli, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 187, 202, pl. 4, f. rr (1876) (Ephippiger). Spain.

5. GENUS CALLICRANIA, BOLIVAR

Callicrania. Bolivar, Ann. Sc. Nat. Porto, Vol. 5, p. 134 (1898); Azam, Misc. Ent. Vol. 9, p. 110

(1gor); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 171 (1906); Burr, Ent. Record, Vol. 20, p. 196 (1908).

Lamprogaster. Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 451 (1878); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth.

Vol. 7, p. 171 (1906).

Characters. — Fastigium of the vertex more or less lubercular. Pronotum sellate, the lateral

carine more or less well developed, at least towards the posterior portion; prosternum unarmed. Fore

and middle tibize with an apical spine above, at least on one side. Ventral segments of the abdomen, at

least the basal ones, represented by two callosities, one on each side of the median line and near to each

other. Supraanal plate of the ot placed below the anal segment; cerci of Go large with the base broad

and produced interiorly into a strong tooth, then slenderer and longer than the supraanal plate, sharp

and bent inward apically. Subanal plate of Q furnished at the base with two oblique keels and bent

inwards, forming a depression on each side, the rest membraneous.

Type. — Ephippiger (Steropleuvus) vamburii, Bolivar.

Geographical distribution of species. — Europe, Africa.

1. C. bolivari, Seoane,C. R Soc. Ent. Belg. Vol.21, p.71(1878) (Ephippiger). Spain.

2. C. megii, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 2. p. 224, pl. 9, f. 5 Spain, Portugal.

(1872) (Ephippigera); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 172 (1906)

(Callicranta).

3. C. pellucida, Bolivar, Le Naturaliste, Vol. 7, p. 116 (1885) (E£phif- Western Europe, Portugal,

pigera). Spain, North Africa.

4. C. selligey, Charpentier, Hor. Ent. p. gg (1825) (Barbitistes). Spain, Portugal.

5. C. seoanet, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 187, 197. pl. 4, f. 7a-b (1876) Spain, Portugal.

(Ephippiger). — Piate, Figs. 7, 8.

laeta, Navas, Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 2, p. 333 (1903) (Ephippigera);

Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 171 (1906).

6. C. monticola, Serville, Ins. Orth. p. 476 (183g) (Ephippiger). Spain.

vamburt, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 443, 449, pl. 4,

f. 19, 194 (1878) (Ephippiger [Steropleurus]).

7. C. sevvata, Bolivar, Le Naturaliste, Vol. 7, p. 117 (1885) (Ephippigera). Spain, Portugal.

8 ORTHOPTERA

6. GENUS PLATYSTOLUS, BOLIVAR

Platystolus. Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7, p. 450 (1878); Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth.

p. 399 (1882); Navas, Bol. Soc, Aragon. Scienc. Nat. Vol. 3, p. 197 (1904); Notas Zool. Vol. 9,

p 5 (1905); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 173 (1906).

Characters. — Fastigium of the vertex scarcely tubercular and no tubercle situated below it

as common in most the foregoing genera. Pronotum sellate, lateral carinee present posteriorly, the

lateral lobes declivate; prosternum unarmed. Posterior tibize with an apical spine above.

Type. — Ephippiger surcularius, Bolivar.

Geographical distribution of species. — Europe.

1. P. martinez, Bolivar, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. Vol. 2, p. 222, pl. 9, Spain.

f. 4 (1873) (Ephippigera).

2. P. surculavius, Bolivar, Orth. Esp. p. 186, 198, pl. 5, f. ga-b (1876) Spain, Portugal.

(Ephippiger). — Plate, Fig. 9.

7. GENUS PRAEPHIPPIGERIDA, BUYSSON

Przephippigerida. Buysson, Bull, Mus. Paris, Vol. 9, p. 227 (1903); Kirby, Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2,

p. 172 (1906). ;

Przephippigera. Bolivar, Ann. Mus. Zool. Univ. Napoli (n. ser.), Vol. 1, p. 1 (1903). -— Nomennudum,

no species included.

Characters. — This genus is similar to Platys'olus but for the pronotum, which is without

lateral carinze. The pronotum is elevated anteriorly and keeled mesially behind. The lateral lobes of the

p s D

pronotum are sinuate on the lower border. The ovipositor is slightly incurved. The single species

belonging here is a very large plump insect of a green or yellowish color,

Type. — Ephippigera pachygaster, Lucas.

Geographical distribution of species. — Africa, Europe (Sardinia).

‘1. P. pachygaster, Lucas, Expl. Alg. Vol. 3, p. 15 (4); Orth. pl. 2, f. 2 Algeria, Tunis (Sardinia).

(1849) (Ephippigera). — Plate, Fig. 10.

burmeister, Fieber, Lotos, Vol. 3, p. 201 (1853) (Ephippigera).

oudryvanus, Bonnet & Finot, Bull. Soc, Ent. Fr. (6), Vol. 4, p. 27 (1884

(Ephippriger).

8. GENUS BAETICA, BUYSSON

Baetica. Bysson, Bull. Mus. Paris, Vol. g, p. 227 (1903).

Platephippius. Navas. Bol. Soc. Aragon, Sc. Nat. Vol. 3, p. 197 (1904).

Characters. — Structurally very close to the previous genus but the single species comprising

it may be easily separated from the single species of Praephippigerida by the much smaller size and the

color of the entire upper surface, which is black with light tinge on hinder part of the pronotum. The

legs are not black.

Type. — Ephippiger ustulata, Rambur.

FAM. LOCUSTIDA£

Geographical distribution of species, — Andalusia.

1. B. ustulata, Rambur, Faune Andal. Vol. 2, p. 52, pl. 4. f. 3, 4 (1839)

Andalusia.

(Ephippiger); Brunner, Prodr. Eur. Orth. pp. 399, 401 (1882) (Platys-

tolus); Buysson. Bol. Mus. Paris, Vol. 9g, p.

227 (1903) (Baetica) ;

Syn. Cat. Orth. Vol. 2, p. 172 (1906); Burr, Ent, Record, Vol. 20,

p. 198 (1908). — Plate, Fig. II.

9. GENUS SYNEPHIPPIUS, Navas

Synephippius. Navas, Notas Zool. Vol. 9, p. 4. 5 (1905).

Ke)

Characters. — Original after Navas. « Fronte inter antennas tuberculo transverso minuto, a

tuberculo verticis deplanato, medio impresso, sejuncto. Pronoto carinis lateralibus distinctis in prozona

et metazona; metazona disco fornicato, medio haud carinato. Segmento anali in & postice elongato in

duos lobulos, medio longitudinaliter impresso, laminam supraanalem bilobatam fere occultante; cercis

externe acuminatis, dente acuto ante apicem interne instructis. Lamina subgenitalis in 9 postice medio

emarginata, lateribus sulco obliquo distincta. Femoribus posterioribus subtus spinulis paucis instructis.

Cetera ut in genere antiquo Platystolus ».

Type. — Platystolus obvious, Navas.

Geographical distribution of species. — Spain.

1. S. obvious, Navas, Bol. Soc. Aragon Scienc. Nat. Vol. 3, p. 196 (1904)

(Platystolus).

Pages

agarenus, Brunn. (g. Uvomenus)

algericus, Brunn. (g. Steropleurus)

andalusius, Ramb. (g. Ephippiger)

angulata, Bol. (g. Steropleurus)

annae, Targ.-Tozz. (g. Steropleurus)

antennatus, Brunn. (g. Steropleurus)

areolaria, Bol. (g. Ephippiger)

asturiensis, Bol. (g. Steropleurus)

Beetica (gen.), Buyss.

balearica, Bol. (g. Steropleurus)

Bathyscapes (gen.), Fieb.

bolivari, Seoane (g. Callicrana)

bolivari, Brunn. (g. Pycnogaster)

borellii, Griff. (g. Ephippiger)

bormansi, Brunn. (g. Ephippiger)

brevicollis, Fisch. (g Steropleurus)

brevipes, Nav. (g. Pycnogater)

burmeistert, Fieb. (g. Praephippigerida)

OW i ON Gy OY fe Oy) Tt

LSP EU Tony ioe}

Oo Con Ce hee OD

INDEX

Pages

brunneri, Bol. (g. Steropleurus) 6

Callicrana (gen.), Bol. 7

carinata, Bol. (g. Ephippiger) 4

castellanus, Bol. (g. Steropleurus) 6

catalaunicus, Bol. (g. Steropleurus) 6

cavannae, Targ.-Tozz.(g.Steropleurus) 6

compressicolis, Fisch. (g. Uromenus) 5

confusus, Fin. (g. Uromenus) 5)

coronata, Costa (g. Steropleurus) 6

costaticollis, Luc. (g. Uromenus) 5

crucigera, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger) 4

cucullatus, Charp. (g. Pycnogaster) 3

cunii, Bol. (g. Ephippiger) 4

diluta, Bol. (g. Ephippiger) 4

discoidalis, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger) 4

dorsalis, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger) 4

durieui, Bol. (g. Uromenus) 6

Spain.

elegans, Fisch. (g. Ephippiger)

Ephippiger (gen.), Latr.

ephippiger, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger)

Ephippigerida (gen.), Buyss.

EPHIPPIGERINZ (Subfam.)

fabricit, Fieb. (g. Ephipprger

fhigti, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger)

finoti, Brunn. (g. Uromenus)

finotii, Bol. (g. Pycnogaster)

flavovittatus, Bol. (g. Steropleurus)

gaditanus, Bol. (g. Pycnogasier)

gracilis, Brun. (g. Ephippiger.

graellsii, Bol. (g. Pycnogaster}

hastatus, Sauss. (g. Uromenus)

hispanica, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger)

idomenaei, Luc. (g. Steroplenrus)

Pages

inenarmis, Buyss. (g. Stevopleura) 6

inermis, Ramb. (g. Pycnogaster) 3

innocentii. Fin. & Bon. (g. Uromenus) 5

jugicola, Graells (g. Pycnoyaster) 3

laeta, Nav. (g. Callicrana) 7

Lamprogaster (gen.). Bol. 7,

laticollis, Luc. (g. Uromenus) 5

latipennis, Fisch. (g. Ephippiger) 4

levantina, Bol. (g. Ephippiger) 4

limbata, Fisch. (g. Ephippiger) 4

lobata, Sauss. (g. Uromenus) 5

longicauda, Bol. (g. Ephippzge) 4

lucasi. Brun. (gy. Steropleura) 6

maculatis, Yers. (g. Steropleurus) 7

major, Krauss (g. Ephippiger) 4

maroccanus, Sauss. (g. Uromenus) 5

martinezii, Bol. (g. Platystolus) 8

martorellii, Bol. (g. Stevopleurus) 6

mauretanicus, Sauss. (g. Uromenus) 6

miegii, Bol. (g. Callicrana) 7

minor, Azam (g. Ephippiger) 5

minor, Krauss (g. Ephippiger) 4

moguntiaca, Schust. ig. Ephippiger) 4

monticola, Serv. (g. Callicrana) 7

nerii, Voss. (g. Steropleurus) 7

nigromarginata, Luc. (g.Ephippiger) 4

nobrei, Bol. (g. Steropleurus)

rs)

ORTHOPTERA

Pages

obsoletus, Bol. (g. Steropleurus) 7

obvious, Nav. (g. Synephippius) 9

ornata, Schmidt (g. Ephippiger) 4

ortegai, Pant. (g. Steropleurus) q

oudryanus, Bonn, & Fin. (g. Praephip-

pigerida) 8

pachygaster, Luc. (g. Praephippige-

rida) 8

panteli, Nav. (g. Steropleura) 7

pantingana, Nav. (g. Ephippiger) 4

paulinoi, Bol. (g. Ephippiger) 5

pellucida, Bol. (g. Callicrana) 7

perezii, Bol. (g. Steropleura) 7

perforata, Ross. (g. Ephippiger) 5

Platephippius (gen.), Nav. 8

Platystolus (gen ), Bol. 8

polita, Bol. (g. Steropleura) 7.

politus, Nav. (g. Ephippiger) 5

poncyi, Bol. (g. Uromenus) 6

Przephippigera (gen.), Bol. 8

Przephippigerida (gen.), Buyss. 8

provincialis, Yers. (g. Ephippiger) 5

pseudolus, Bol. (g. Steropleura) 7

Pycnogaster (gen.), Graells. 3

PYCNOGASTERINA€E (Subfam.) 1

ramburt, Bol. (g. Callicrana) 7.

rhombifer, Bol. (g. Uromenus) 6

rossit, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger) 5

rugosicollis, Bol. (g. Uromenus)

EXPLANATION OF PLATE

Pages

sanchez-gomezi, Bol. (g. Pycnogaster)

surcularius, Bol. (g. Platystolus)

saussureanus, Bol. (g. Ephippiger)

scabricollis, Ramb. (zg. Ephippiger)

selenophora, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger)

selliger, Charp. (g. Callicrana)

seoanel, Bol. (g. Callicrana)

serrata, Bol. (g. Callicrana)

siculus, Fieb (g. Steropleurus)

silvicola, Az. (g. Ephippiger)

sphacophila, Krauss (g. Ephippiger)

staeli, Bol. (g. steropleurus)

Stenopleurus (gen.), Sauss.

Steropleurus (gen.), Bol.

Synephippius (gen.), Nav.

teniata, Sauss. (g. Ephippiger)

terrestris, Yers. (g. Ephippiger)

transfuga, Brunn. (g. Uromenus)

Uromenus (gen. ), Bol.

ustulata, Ramb. (g. Baetica)

vaucherianus, Sauss. (g. Uromenus)

verticalis, Fieb. (g. Ephippiger)

vespertina, Duf. (g. Uromenus)

vitium, Serv. (g. Ephippiger) 1

vosseleri, Krauss (g. Uromenus)

zapateril, Bol. (g. Ephippiger)

zelleri, Fisch. (g. Ephippiger)

Pycnogastey graelistt, Bolivar (GQ, pronotum, side view), after Bolivar.

— (oc, pronotum, top view), after Bolivar.

Ephippiger longicauda, Bolivar (Q, side view), after Bolivar,

— (co, end of abdomen from above), after Bolivar.

abaels

CO OI DAE w

lal

. Baetica ustulata, Rambur (C, original).

Washington, D. C., U. S. A. 15th September 1912.

Uromenus costaticollis, Lucas (o", side view), after Lucas.

Steropleurus pereztt, Bolivar (Q,

Callicrania seoanet, Bolivar (o, end of abdomen from above), after Bolivar.

side view), after Bolivar.

(Q, ovipositor from the side), after Bolivar.

Platystolus surcularius, Bolivar (O%, tip of abdomen from above), after Bolivar.

Praephippigerida pachygaster, Lucas (CO, side view), after Lucas.

“nI

nr DAN