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BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY)

INSECTS OF SAMOA

AND OTHER SAMOAN TERRESTRIAL

- ARTHROPODA

PART IV. COLEOPTERA

BASE) 1. Po 1-60."

CARABIDAE. By H. E. ANDREWEs

DYTISCIDAE. By A. Zimmermann

_ STAPHYLINIDAE. By M. Cameron

HYDROPHILIDAE. By A. d’OrcHYMoNT

CLAVICORNIA anp LAMELLICORNIA. By G. J. Arrow

_ WITH TWENTY-SEVEN TEXT-FIGURES

LONDON :

PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM

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WHEDON & Wusuny, Lrp., Lonpon; anso By Oxiver & Boyrp, EpinsuRGH

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Issued 19th December, 1927.] ub wee price Three Shillings.

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INSECTS OF SAMOA

AND OTHER SAMOAN TERRESTRIAL

ARTHROPODA

Although a monograph, or series of papers, dealing comprehensively with

the land arthropod fauna of any group of islands in the South Pacific may be

expected to yield valuable results, in connection with distribution, modification

due to isolation, and other problems, no such work is at present in existence.

In order in some measure to remedy this deficiency, and in view of benefits

directly accruing to the National Collections, the Trustees of the British

Museum have undertaken the publication of an account of the Insects and other

Terrestrial Arthropoda collected in the Samoan Islands, in 1924-1925, by

Messrs. P. A. Buxton and G. H. E. Hopkins, during the Expedition of the

London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine to the South Pacific.

Advantage has been taken of the opportunity thus afforded, to make the studies

as complete as possible by including in them all Samoan material of the groups _

concerned in both the British Museum (Natural History) and (by courtesy of

the authorities of that institution) the Bishop Museum, Honolulu.

It is not intended that contributors to the text shall be confined to the

Museum Staff or to any one nation, but, so far as possible, the assistance of the _

leading authorities on all groups to be dealt with has been obtained.

The work will be divided into eight ‘Parts ’’ (see p. 3 of wrapper), which

will be subdivided into “ Fascicles.”” Each of the latter, which will appear as

ready mm any order, will consist of one or more contributions. On the

completion of the work it is intended to issue a general survey, summarising

the whole and drawing-from it such conclusions as may be warranted. _

E. E. AUSTEN,

Keeper of Entomology.

British Museum (Naturat History),

CromweE_t Roan, S.W.7.

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INSECTS OF SAMOA

Part [V. Fasc. 1

COLEOPTERA

CARABIDAE

By H. E. ANDREWES

(With 9 Text-figures.)

Ir is only during quite recent years that any Carabidae have been collected

in the Samoan Islands. The earliest expedition seems to have been that of

Dr. K. Rechinger, in 1905, an account of which appeared in Denkschr. K. Akad.

Wiss. Wren, Math.-Naturw. Kl., Bd. xci, 1915, a short paper on the Carabidae

being contributed by Mr. E. Csiki; Rechinger’s collection is now in the Vienna

Museum, and Dr. K. Holdhaus has kindly sent it to me for examination. In

1912-13 collections were made by Dr. K. Friedrichs, and the results of his

expedition are discussed in Archiv. fur Naturgeschichte, Berlin, Bd. 88, A. 10,

1922. The Carabidae, however, were not dealt with at the time, and I am

indebted to Dr. W. Horn for sending me this collection from the Deutsches

Entomologisches Museum in Berlin. My friend Dr. Harold Swale spent some

time in Samoa during the war, and, of the few examples taken by him, some

are in the British Museum and some in my own collection. Of two specimens

captured by Dr. F. W. O’Connor in 1921, one proves to belong to a new species ;

these specimens are in the British Museum, as is a solitary example taken in

1923 by Dr. J. S. Armstrong. I have also seen three specimens sent by the

Bishop Museum in Honolulu. The collections formed in 1924-5 by Messrs.

Buxton and Hopkins have added considerably to our knowledge, and of the

five new species described below, of which all the types are in the British Museum,

four were taken by them. It will be understood that where, in the following

Iv. 1 1

2 . INSECTS OF SAMOA,

pages, no names are given, the insects in question were collected by them. The

figures in the text were drawn by Mr. D. EK. Kimmins.

So far as our present knowledge extends, the Carabidae found in the

Samoan Islands are few in species and, apparently, also in individuals. The

species enumerated below total only fifteen, or, with the two undescribed ones

referred to in a note at the end, seventeen. Of these fifteen only six, including

the five new ones here described, are endemic in Samoa; a further four are

spread widely over South-East Asia, three extend to the Malay region or at

least to New Guinea, one occurs also in Queensland only, and one in New Cale-

donia only. Four of the species occur in Australia, and four (but not all the

same four) in New Caledonia. Only one species is at all widely spread in

Polynesia, and that—the only species common to Samoa and the Hawaiian

Islands—has been recorded from Honolulu. One species is known from

Christmas Island (Malay region).

A few Carabidae have been described from material from the Fiji Islands,

and one or two from specimens from Tahiti; unfortunately I have not been

able to see the types of the latter, but, judging from the descriptions, I do not

think any of them have been met with as yet in Samoa. One Australian species

is, however, found both in Samoa and Tahiti. Of the species described from

Fijian examples, Dr. H. Gebien, of the Hamburg Museum, has been good enough

to send me all the types (with one exception) for examination ; all the species,

apart from the Hndynomena, prove to be different from those found in Samoa.

It may be mentioned here that the genus Colpodes, to which all the five new

species belong, contains an enormous number of species, and is represented in

all the warmer regions of the globe.

Generally speaking, the fauna of Samoa, so far as the Carabidae are con-

cerned, is widely different from that of the Hawaian Islands, and appears

also to have nothing in common with Fiji; this latter feature, however, may

be due to the slight amount of collecting that has hitherto been done in that

part of the world. On the other hand, there is an evident connection with

Australia and New Caledonia, while several of the wide-ranging species of the

Oriental region extend their habitat as far as Samoa.

The fifteen species of which I have examined specimens are as under :

CARABIDAE. 3

BEMBIDIINI.

1. Tachys quadrillum Schaum.

Tachys quadrillum Schaum, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr., Vol. iv, p. 201, 1860; Andrewes, Rev. Or. Spec.

Gen. Tachys, Ann. Mus. Cw. Gen., Vol. li, p. 872, 1925.

pictipenmis Putzeys, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen., Vol. vii, p. 745, 1875; Bates, Ann. Soc. Ent.

Fr. (6), Vol. ix, p. 274, 1889 ; Andrewes, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1921, p. 178, 1921.

spilotus Bates, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), Vol. xvii, p. 152, 1886.

29

Savaii: Fagamalo, x1.1925, 1 example.

Common throughout South-East Asia, including the Malay Archipelago

as far as New Guinea. I have seen no examples from Australia, New Caledonia,

or any other locality in Polynesia.

CHLAENIINI.

2. Chlaenius flaviguttatus Macleay var. guttatus Eschscholtz.

Chlaenius guttatus Eschscholtz, Zool. Atl., Heft 5, p. 26, Tab. xxv, fig. 8, 1833 ; Chaudoir, Won. des

Chléniens, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen., Vol. viii, p. 49, 1876.

», bimotatus var. guttatus Heller, Deutsch. Ent. Zeitschr., 1916, p. 276, 1916.

Lissauchenius biguttatus Montrouzier, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (3), Vol. vii, p. 237, 1860.

Upolu (Rechinger), Mulifanua (Swale), 2.v.1917.

Philippine Is., New Guinea, New Caledonia. The type form is found in

Australia, but the variety does not seem to occur there.

3. Chlaenius samoensis Csiki.

Chlaenius samoensis Csiki, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., Vol. xci,

p. 163, 1915.

Upolu (Rechinger) : Apia, 5.11.-27.vil.—xu1.1924.

Known only at present from the island of Upolu. (Text-fig. 1.)

HARPALINI.

4. Gnathaphanus impressipennis Cast.

Harpalus impressipennis Castelnau, Trans. Roy. Soc. Vict., Vol. vil, p. 136, 1868.

Gnathaphanus impressipennis Chaud., Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen., Vol. xii, p. 510, 1878 ; Sloane, Deutsch.

Ent. Zeitschr., 1907, p. 468, 1907 ; id. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, Vol. xlv, p 320, 1920 ;

Andrewes, Ann Soc. Ent. Belg., Vol. lx, p. 107, 1920.

Dioryche upolensis Csiki, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., Vol. xci, p. 163, 1915.

[New syn. ]

4 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Upolu (Rechinger). “Samoa” (Swale), several examples, one of which

flew to light in the evening. (Text-fig. 2.)

Trxt-FIG. 1.—Chlaenius samoensis Csiki. TEXtT-FIG. 2.—Gnathaphanus impressipennis Cast.

My records include the following localities: Kuala Lumpur in the Malay

States, Singapore, Java, Sumatra, Sumbawa, New Guinea, Australia and New

Caledonia.

5. Stenolophus dingo Cast.

Harpalus dingo Castelnau, Trans. Roy. Soc. Vict., Vol. viii, p. 197, 1868.

Stenolophus dingo Sloane, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, Vol. xlv, p. 321, 1920.

5 robustus Sloane, Deutsch. Ent. Zettschr., 1907, p. 469, 1907.

5 quinquepustulatus Csiki (nec Wied.), Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw.

Kt, Vol. xci, p: 164, 1915.

Savai: Fagamalo, xi.1925 ; Salelologa (Friedrichs), 11.1913.

Upolu (Rechinger) ; Apia (Friedrichs), 1.1913, 1 example at light.

Java, Mentawei Is., New Guinea, Australia, Tahiti (Miss L. E. Cheesman).

S. smaragdulus Fabricius and its variety S. 5-pustulatus Wiedemann, both

so common throughout South-Hast Asia, are normally spotted, but, like other

species with a wide range, vary greatly in size, coloration, and even in some

minor structural characters.

I have in my collection an example of S. dingo Castelnau, determined by

Mr. Sloane, as also an example of S. robustus Sloane, determined by the author,

subsequently identified by him with Castelnau’s species. The former example

agrees very well, the latter less satisfactorily, with the specimens from Samoa

CARABIDAE. 5

and Tahiti. S. dingo differs from S. smaragdulus in bemg unspotted, only the

suture showing some red colour near the apex, and in having the elytral striae

very finely and cleanly excised. The genus stands much in need of revision.

ANCHOMENINI.

6. Anchomenus cooki Sloane.

Platynus cooki Sloane, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales (2), Vol. ix, p. 450, 1894; id., Proc. Linn.

Soc. N.S. Wales, Vol. xxvii, p. 632, 1903.

“Samoa ” (Friedrichs).

Hitherto only known as occurring 1n Queensland.

7. Colpodes buxtoni, sp. n.

Length: 17-0 mm. Width: 6-0 mm.

Piceous : elytra dark green, palpi, antennae, and femora more or less brown.

(Text-fig. 3.)

Head moderately convex, slightly constricted behind, smooth, front uneven,

the foveae very shallow and incouspicuous, eyes very large and projecting,

antennae thick, extending a little beyond base of pro-

thorax, joint 3 distinctly longer than 4. Prothorax

convex, a little wider than head and also a little wider

than long, base bordered, truncate and very oblique

at sides, apex bordered and slightly emarginate,

front angles much rounded, sides explanate and

reflexed, but not bordered, gently rounded and widest

a little before middle, not sinuate behind, front lateral

pore within marginal channel at widest point, hind

one forming a distinct break in the outline just before

the rounded hind angles; median line rather fine, :

both transverse impressions fairly deep, as are the cy

large rounded basal foveae adjoining hind angles, a pos 3 Usinatas * bus!

sheht impressed line on each side of disk, parallel toni, sp. B.

with side margins ; surface nearly smooth, disk with

a few fine transverse striae, side margins uneven. Hlytra moderately convex,

nearly twice as wide as prothorax and also nearly twice as long as wide,

6 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

shoulders square, sides very nearly parallel, though widest at apical third,

shghtly sinuate behind, truncate at apex, the truncature a little emarginate,

the sutural angle with a small mucro; striae fairly deep, deeper and rather

irregular close to apex, finely and closely punctate, a moderately long scutellary

striole, 5 deeper than the others near base; intervals rather flat, 7 and 8 very

narrow and carinate near apex, curving round behind the others to apex, mar-

ginal channel containing two fine raised parallel lines, the inner one inter-

rupted by the series of umbilicate pores, interval 3 tripunctate, first pore at a

fourth, adjoining stria 3, second and third at three-fifths and near apex respec-

tively, adjoining stria 2, surface smooth, with two slight depressions on disk

on each side, one at about middle, the other before apex. The microsculpture

consists In extremely fine transverse lines, which form a reticulation of strongly

transverse meshes, clearly visible on elytra, faint on head and_ prothorax.

Sterna and middle of venter practically smooth, sides of venter very finely

rugose, metepisterna elongate. All tibiae and tarsi bisulcate, but protarsi

much less evidently so, the metatarsi with a carina between the sulci; joint

4 of tarsi moderately bilobed, in metatarsi the outer a little longer than the

inner lobe, 5 not ciliate beneath.

The species should be placed quite at the end of Chaudoir’s table. It is

very closely allied to C. bennigsenc Sloane, of New Guinea, of which Dr. Horn

has kindly sent me the type for comparison, and agrees entirely in the combina-

tion of unusual characters mentioned by the author of that species at the end

of his description, viz. “ wide bisulcate tarsi, the 8th interstice narrowly carmate

on the apical curve, and the 9th interstice narrow and interrupted by its seriate

punctures.” It differs in its smaller size, lighter legs and antennae, and green

instead of greenish-blue elytra; prothorax with wider marginal channel ;

elytra with the striae deeper and more evidently punctate, the apex with a

very small instead of a stout mucro.

Upolu: Malololelei, 2000 ft., 25.11.1924, 1 example 4; a second example,

also J, from the same locality, vi.1925 (Wilder, Bishop Museum).

8. Colpodes pacificus, sp. n.

Length: 120mm. Width: 4-1 mm.

Piceous: elytra dark green, side margins of prothorax, apical border of

elytra, tibiae, and tarsi brown (Text-fig. 4).

Head moderately convex, neck slightly constricted, surface smooth, frontal

CARABIDAE. if

foveae short but clearly impressed, eyes large and prominent, antennae rather

slender, joint 3 just longer than 4. Prothorax convex, cordate, a third wider

than head and as much wider than long, base with

its sides oblique, apex moderately emarginate, front

angles rounded, sides narrowly bordered, slightly ex-

planate and reflexed, bisetose, rounded in front and

faintly simuate before base, hind angles reflexed, sharp

though a little obtuse; front transverse impression

fairly deep at middle, the other impressions faint, but

the basal foveae deep and produced in front as an

impressed line, running parallel with sides, surface

smooth. Hlytra moderately convex, two-thirds wider

than prothorax and not quite twice as long as wide,

shoulders cut away somewhat obliquely, not dilated ‘

behind, sides nearly parallel, rather strongly sinuate ft :

just before and narrowly truncate at apex, without

mucro ; striae clean-cut, but shallow, with only traces

of minute crenulation, scutellary striole and 5 close

to base a little deeper, 7-8 practically joing 1-2 at apex; intervals flat,

2 a little wider, 1 and 7 close to base a little narrower than the others, 3 with

three pores, first at a fifth, adjoming stria 3 (right elytron with an accessory

pore between this and base), second and third at about two-fifths and four-

fifths, adjoining stria 2, another pore opposite the end of 3 quite close to apex,

surface smooth, with a slight depression on each side in front round stria 5,

and another just before middle. Microsculpture of elytra very fine, formed by

a reticulation of strongly transverse meshes, which are hardly visible on head

and prothorax. Underside smooth, metepisterna elongate. Tibiae and tarsi

to some extent bisulcate, protarsi very feebly and on basal joints only, meso-

tibiae strongly and with a carina between the sulci; joint 4 of tarsi moderately

bilobed, in metatarsi the outer a little longer than the inner lobe, 5 not ciliate

beneath.

About the same size as the common Hastern C. buchanan Hope, but darker

throughout, the elytra especially being of a much darker green. Head nearly

similar, prothorax a little wider, elytra distinctly wider and with the shoulders

more cut away, depressions on surface less evident, no mucro at apex.

There is also a marked resemblance to the Fijian C. truncatellus Fairmaire,

TExt-Fia. 4.—Colpodes pact

ficus, sp. n.

8 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

but that species is larger, with the elytra more finely striate, and the sutural

interval is provided with a short but distinct mucro.

‘Samoa ” (O’Connor), iii.—viii.1921, 1 example 9.

9. Colpodes hopkinsi, sp. n.

Length: 11:0 mm. Width: 4:3 mm.

Brown: head, disk of prothorax, and side margins of elytra a little darker,

elytra with faint bluish-green reflection. (‘Text-fig. 5.)

Head slightly convex, neck a little constricted, surface smooth, uneven in

front, the foveae short and rather shallow, eyes large and moderately prominent,

antennae short and slender, joint 3 a little longer

than 4. Prothorax convex, cordate, a fourth

wider than head and as much wider than long,

extremities finely bordered, base a little wider

than apex, its sides somewhat oblique, apex

shehtly emarginate, front angles only a little

rounded, sides finely bordered and_ reflexed,

almost forming an obtuse angle just before

middle, gently sinuate just before base, hind

angles a little obtuse, reflexed, but not rounded ;

median line and transverse impressions distinct,

ee Rote Te. though not deep, basal foveae deep and rounded,

sp. n. surface uneven along margins, some faint trans-

verse striation on disk. lytra moderately

convex, two-thirds wider than prothorax, and three-fourths longer than

wide, shoulders oblique, the sides slightly emarginate at middle and again

behind, apex narrowly truncate, the sutural angle with a short and not very

sharp mucro; striae fine, cleanly cut, impunctate, scutellary striole deeper,

6 depressed for a short distance a little behind shoulder, 5 much deeper

at base; intervals nearly flat, 7 narrowing close to base, 3 with three pores,

first at a fifth, adjoining stria 3, second and third at a half and four-fifths,

adjoining stria 2, surface smooth, with two slight depressions on each side, one

just before middle, the other at apical third. Microsculpture of elytra fine,

formed by a reticulation of slightly transverse meshes, hardly visible on head

and prothorax. Under side smooth, metepisterna elongate. Tibiae bisulcate,

mesotibiae outwardly carinate towards apex; meso- and metatarsi feebly

ft

CARABIDAE. 9

bisuleate ; joint 4 of tarsi moderately bilobed, the outer lobe in metatarsi a little

longer than the inner one, 5 not ciliate beneath.

The present species does not seem nearly related to any other ; it will come

near the end of Chaudoir’s table and be readily distinguished from the other

Samoan species by its brown colour, which is unusual in the genus.

“Samoan Is.,” 1 example 9.

10. Colpodes piceus, sp. 0.

Length: 85 mm. Width: 3-3 mm.

Piceous, very shiny: palpi, antennae, and legs more or less ferruginous.

(Text-fig. 6.)

Head moderately convex, no neck constriction, smooth, frontal foveae

small and inconspicuous, clypeal suture very faint, but ending on each side in

a minute rounded pore, antennae of medium length,

joint 3=4. Prothorax convex, a third wider than head,

nearly twice as wide as long, extremities finely bordered,

base truncate, with its sides slightly oblique, much

wider than apex, front angles strongly rounded, sides

finely bordered, explanate, rounded but not reflexed in

front, practically straight behind, bisetose, the hind

angles obtuse, reflexed, and not much rounded; median

line and transverse impressions distinct but shallow,

basal foveae small, rounded, and fairly deep, surface

practically smooth. EHlytra fairly convex, oval, two- Teaesnee ee iacdes

thirds wider than prothorax, and three-quarters longer pieeus, sp. n.

than wide, widest at middle, sides evenly rounded,

strongly sinuate behind, narrowly truncate at apex, with a sharp mucro

at each sutural angle; striae fine and minutely punctate, very faintly im-

pressed, more deeply—especially 7—close to apex, 8 fairly deep throughout ;

intervals flat, 8 very narrow and carinate behind, curving round behind the

other intervals to near apex, 3 with three rather small pores, first at a fourth

adjoining stria 3, second and third at a half and three-fourths, adjoining stria 2,

surface smooth and without depressions. Microsculpture of elytra consisting

of very fine, closely placed, transverse lines, which form irregular, very wide

meshes, just visible on the prothorax, but hardly so on the head. Under side

10 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

smooth, metepisterna elongate. Tibiae bisulcate, but not carinate ; meso-

and metatarsi feebly bisulcate ; joint 4 of all tarsi strongly bilobed, outer lobe

much longer than inner one in two hind pairs of legs, 5 not ciliate beneath.

Similar in size and colour to C. lafertei Montrouzier, but with a wider and

smoother prothorax, the elytra much more finely striate and strongly mucronate.

Upolu: Apia, xi1.1924, and 1.1925, 2 examples $9.

11. Colpodes anomalus, sp. n.

Leneth: 8:5 mm. Width: 2:75 mm.

Black, shiny: palpi, joints 1 and 2 of antennae (rest brown), and legs

ferruginous. (Text-fig. 7.)

Head convex, with a moderate neck constriction, smooth, frontal foveae

short, fairly deep, and a little uneven, eyes rather small and flat, somewhat

enclosed behind by the genae, antennae long and slender,

joint 4 slightly longer than 3. Prothorax moderately con-

vex, quadrate, slightly wider than head and also slightly

wider than long, base truncate, its sides slightly oblique,

a little wider than apex, which is faintly emarginate, sides

narrowly bordered and reflexed, bisetose, gently rounded

and barely sinuate before base, the hind angles slightly

obtuse, reflexed, but not rounded ; median line and front

transverse impression both clearly marked, basal foveae

fairly deep, diverging in front and continued forward on

each side as a shallow linear impression, parallel with

TExt-FIG. 7.—\Colpodes . :

anomalus, sp. n. margin, surface smooth, the basal area a little uneven.

Elytra flat, over two-thirds wider than prothorax, barely

as much longer than wide, sides strongly rounded, faintly sinuate behind,

narrowly truncate at apex, the truncature emarginate on each side, outer

tooth blunt, a little longer than inner one, which forms a small mucro ;

striae fine and very clearly excised, impunctate, outer shallower than inner

ones, all a little deeper close to apex; intervals flat, 3 tripunctate, first

pore at a fifth, adjoming stria 3, second and third at a half and four-fifths,

adjoining stria 2, surface smooth, with a slight depression at each side on

basal half. Microsculpture of the elytra consisting of very fine closely

placed lines, forming very wide meshes; on the prothorax the lines are

finer and fainter; on the head there is a reticulation of isodiametric meshes.

CARABIDAE. 11

Underside smooth, some transverse striation on head, metepisterna elongate,

last ventral segment (9) with three marginal setae on each side. Meso- and

metatibiae slightly bisulcate ; tarsi not sulcate, joint 4 of pro- and mesotarsi

bilobed, 5 not ciliate beneath.

The depressed form, with the absence of any sulcus on the tarsal joints,

render this a very distinct species, but an even more unusual character is the

presence of a bifid tooth in the mentum. This is very rare in the Anchomenini,

but I have recently commented (Ent. Month. Mag., Vol. lxii, p. 79, 1926) on its

occasional occurrence among the Himalayan species of Anchomenus.

Upolu: Malololelei, 25.iv.1924, 1 example 9.

LEBIINI.

12. Celaenephes parallelus Schmidt-Goebel.

Celaenephes parallelus Schmidt-Goebel, Faun. Col. Birm., p. 78, t. 2, £. 5, 1846; Bates, Ann. Soc.

Ent. Fr. (6), Vol. ix, p. 286, 1889; id., Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen., Vol. xxxii, p. 420, 1892;

_ Bouchard, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., Vol. lxxii, p. 176, 1903 ; Lesne, Miss. Pavie Hist. Nat., p. 80,

1904; Vuillet, Ins., Vol. ii, p. 17, 1912 ; Sloane, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, Vol. xlv, p. 322,

1920; Andrewes, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1923, p. 46, 1923.

? Leistus linearis Walker, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3), Vol. ii, p. 203, 1858; Bates, Ann. Mag. Nat.

Hist. (5), Vol. xvii, p. 211, 1886; Andrewes, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1919, p. 188, 1919.

Taromorpha alternata Blackburn, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales (2), Vol. ix, p. 85, 1894; Andrewes,

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (9), Vol. xx, p. 272, 1927.

Celaenephes rechingeri Csiki, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., Vol. xci, p. 164,

1915. [New syn.]

Upolu and Savau (Rechinger): Apia, ii., v.1924, ix., x1.1925; xi.1912

(Friedrichs) ; 28.x.1923 (Armstrong).

I have seen examples of this species from as far north as Chittagong in

Bengal, whence its habitat extends through Indo-China, Siam, the Malay

Peninsula and Archipelago to Australia and New Caledonia. Bates says it is

an Indian species, but (except for the Chittagong examples, which came to

hand after this paper was written) I have seen no examples from India, and

Walker’s type is the only specimen I have seen from Ceylon. I have examined

all the types, and also a large number of specimens, which exhibit a good deal

of individual variability. I strongly suspect that C. foersteri Bouchard (Ann.

Soc. Ent. Fr., Vol. lxxii, p. 176, 1903) is the same species, but I have been unable

hitherto to trace the whereabouts of Bouchard’s types.

12 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

13. Mochtherus tetraspilotus Macl.

Dromius tetraspilotus Macleay, Ann. Jav., p. 25, 1825; Schaum, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr., Vol. iv,

p. 187, 1860.

Mochtherus tetraspilotus Chaudoir, Mém. sur les Coptodérides, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., Vol. xii, p. 241,

1869 ; Bates, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), Vol. xvii, p. 203, 1886; id., Ann Mus Civ. Gen.,

Vol. xxxii, p. 412, 1892; Bouchard, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., Vol. lxxii, p. 174, 1903; Heller,

Deutsch. Ent. Zeitschr., Jahrg. 1916, p. 273, 1916; Andrewes, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1919,

p. 163, 1919 ; id., nt. Month. Maq., Vol. lxui, p. 70, 1926.

Thyreopterus tetrasemus Dejean, Spec. Gen., Vol. v, p. 448, 1831.

Mochtherus angulatus Schmidt-Goebel, Faun. Col. Birm., p. 76, 1846; Redtenbacher, Revs.

Novar., Zool., Vol. ii. Col., p. 7, 1867; Andrewes Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1923, p. 45, 1923 ;

id., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1924, p. 461, 1924.

Panagaeus retractus Walker, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), Vol.

ii, p. 203, 1858; Andrewes, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.,

1919;p. 189; 1919.

Cyrtopterus quadrinotatus Motchulsky, Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat.

Mosc., Vol. xxxiv, No. I, p. 106, 1861.

Upolu: Malololelei, 25.iv.1924; Apia, iv.,

1x.1925.

One of the commonest species of South-

Kast Asia, found throughout India, Ceylon,

Burma, the Andaman Is., Malay Peninsula and

Archipelago, Christmas I. (Malay region), Indo-

China, and Formosa. I have no record of its

occurrence in New Guinea or Australia. (Text-

fig. 8.)

Tee iG B= Mockihonus’ ferra: In India this insect is frequently found

spilotus Macleay. under bark, and Dr. Beeson mentions it as

having on one occasion in Burma been attracted

to newly felled Tectona grandis.

i4. Endynomena pradieri Fairm.

Plochionus pradierit Fairmaire, Rev. Mag. Zool. (2), Vol. i, p. 34, 1849.

Endynomena pradiert Chaudoir, Mon. des Callidides, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., Vol. xv, p. 186, 1872 ;

Bates, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (6), Vol. ix, p. 283, 1889.

Saronychium inconspicuum Blackburn, Ent. Month. Mag., Vol. xiv, p. 142, 1877; Andrewes, Ann.

Mag. Nat. Hist. (9), Vol. iti, p. 483, 1919.

Endynomena huebnert Fairmaire, Pet. Nouv. Ent., Vol. ii, p. 286, 1878; id., Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr.

(6), Vol. i, p. 245, 1881. [New syn.]

Thyreopterus paroecus Csiki, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien., Math.-Naturw. Kl., Vol. xci., p. 164,

1915. [New syn.].

CARABIDAE. 13

Upolu (Rechinger): Apia, 2.1. and x.1924; Vailima, 28.x.1924.

““ Samoa ”’ (Swale).

Originally described from material from Polynesia, this species appears to

be very widely distributed, though I have seldom seen more than one or two

specimens from the same locality. My records include

India, Ceylon, Indo-China, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra,

Philippine Is., Cocos-Keeling Is., New Caledonia, Ellice

Is., Marquesas Is., Tonga Is.. Tahiti, and Honolulu.

(Text-fig. 9.)

As might be expected, an insect with such a wide

distribution exhibits considerable variation both in

colour and form. The types of the various authors

have been examined by me, and I find that specimens

from Polynesia are usually light brown, with sharply

rectangular hind angles to the prothorax, and the

elytra distinctly striate and finely punctate. Indian qyyamg. ae iend henmena

and Malayan examples are generally darker, with pradiert Fairmaire.

slightly obtuse hind angles to the prothorax, and the

elytra less clearly striate and rather less finely punctate. In several cases I

have seen only single examples from the localities cited above, and where

there have been more, the characters are not constant, so that for the present

it seems best to regard them all as individiuals of one variable species.

15. Parena politissima Chaud.

Crossoglossa politissima Chaudoir, Col. Nov., p. 20, 1883.

Upolu: Malololelei.

Unfortunately I have not been able to see the type of this species, which

was obtained in New Caledonia. Except in one character, viz. the form of the

prothorax, the two Samoan specimens agree so well with the description that

I do not feel much doubt about the identification. It must be remembered too

that the author had no opportunity of revising his work, the descriptions of this

and of a few other species having been published posthumously.

It was only shortly before completing the present paper that I was able

to examine the type of Parena bicolor Motchulsky, and to identify Phloeodromius

W. Macleay and Crossoglossa Chaudoir with Motchulsky’s genus.

14 a INSECTS’ OF SAMOA.

Notre.—There are two further specimens, both from the Bishop Museum,

Honolulu, and similarly labelled “Samoa, Savaii, Salailua, 23.v.1924, E. H.

Bryan, Junr., Collector.” They present some unusual features and certainly

belong to different species of a genus unknown to me; indeed they may belong

to different genera, and, without the dissection of several organs, which would

certainly damage the specimens, I have not felt able to deal with them. Both

examples appear to belong to the Pterostichini, but evidently differ somewhat

in their characters from the European and Asiatic members of that tribe.

LIST OF TEXT-FIGURES

Text-fig. 1. Chlaenius samoensis Csiki.

2. Gnathaphanus vmpressipennis Cast.

3. Colpodes buxtont, sp. n.

4. Colpodes pacificus, sp. 0.

» 5. Colpodes hopkinsi, sp. n.

6. Colpodes jiceus, sp. n.

7. Colpodes anomalus, sp. 1.

8. Mochtherus tetraspilotus Macleay.

9

. Endynomena pradiert Fairmaire.

DYTISCIDAE

Von A. ZIMMERMANN, MUNCHEN

(Mit 2 Text-figuren.)

Aus Samoa hatte ich bis jetzt drei Schwimmkafer-Ausbeuten zur Bearbeitung

vor mir. Die erste enthalt das von Dr. K. Friedrichs, die zweite das von Dr.

H. Swale und die dritte das von den Herren P. A. Buxton und G. H. E.

Hopkins gesammelte Material. Die beiden ersten Ausbeuten (sie enthalten

nur 3 bezw. 2 Arten in wenigen Exemplaren) dokumentieren sich ohne weiters

als das zufallige Ergebnis kurzer fliichtiger Sammelarbeit ; das dritte der gegen-

wartigen Arbeit als Unterlage dienende Material ist wohl etwas umfangreicher,

lasst aber gleichfalls schon durch die beigegebenen Daten erkennen, dass sich

die Sammeltatigkeit auch hier nur auf wenige Stunden einzelner Tage

beschrankte.

Ks diirfte daher zweifellos nétig sein, um sich ein wenigstens einigermassen

vollstindiges Bild tiber den Bestand der Schwimmkiferfauna Samoa’s machen

zu konnen, die Ergebnisse weiterer Forschungsreisen abzuwarten. Ich zweifle

nicht daran, dass sich bei planmassiger griindlicher Untersuchung der vor-

handenen Wasserbecken die bescheidene Artenzahl der bis jetzt bekannt gewor-

denen Dytisciden nicht unwesentlich vergréssern lisst, wenn auch der

vulkanische Charakter der Inselwelt und die anscheinend wenig giinstigen

hydrographischen Verhiltnisse derselben auf eine relativ arme Hydrocantharen-

fauna schlessen lassen.

Nach dem vorhandenen Material erweist sich die Schwimmkaferfauna

Samoa’s als eine verarmte Kolonie der australischen Fauna. Nur Rhantus

hiopteroides muss als dstliches Klement angesehen werden, das von dem auf

den Tahiti-Inseln heimischen Rh. debilis Sharp abzuleiten, vielleicht auch nur

als eine Lokalrasse des letzteren zu bewerten ist. Als endemische Art kann

Bidessus curvvplicatus bezeichnet werden; sie gehdrt in den allernichsten

Verwandtenkomplex des australischen B. amabilis Cl. Alle tibrigen Arten kom-

men auch in Australien vor ; Notomicrus tenellus Cl. dehnt seinen Verbreitungs-

bezirk bis zu den Sundainseln, Java und Sumatra aus, und die beiden

15

16 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Allerweltsbiirger Rhantus pulverosus Steph. und Cybister tripunctatus Ol. finden

sich auf allen vier Erdteilen der westlichen Hemisphire.

1. Notomicrus tenellus Cl.

(V, oblongus Wehncke.)

Die Tiere stimmen mit den mir aus Java und Sumatra bekannt gewordenen

Exemplaren in allen Merkmalen vdllig iiberein. Die zwei Punktserien der

Decken sind iusserst fein, nur bei starker Vergrésserung erkennbar, die Hinter-

hiiften und die Basis des Abdomens sind gebraunt, und die Farbung der Fliigel-

decken ist im allgemeinen dunkler als die des rétlichgelben Halsschilds,

hellbriunlichrot, in einer dreieckigen aber wenig hervorgehobenen Skutellar-

partie braunlich.

Australische Tiere konnte ich bis jetzt nicht erhalten; ich zweifle aber

nicht daran, dass Notomicrus laevigatus Sharp mit N. tenellus Cl. identisch ist ;

wenigstens lassen sich aus der Beschreibung desselben (Sharp, “On Aquatic

Carnivorous Coleoptera or Dytiscidae”: Sci. Trans. R. Dublin Soc., Vol. 2,

Ser. IT, p. 260, 1882) keinerlei Unterschiede feststellen, welche die specifische

Selbstindigkeit der Form begriinden kénnten.

Wahrscheinlich gehért auch N. punctulatus Fauvel (Rev. d@Ent., T. xxu,

p. 244, 1903) aus Neucaledonien hierher.

Upolu: Mulifanua, 4.x.1925.

2. Bidessus curviplicatus, sp. n. (Text-fig. 1).

34 mm. Linglich oval, nach hinten allmahlich verengt, wenig konvex,

elinzend. Unterseite schwarzbraun, Beine rotlich, ziemlich kraftig, Vorder-

und Mitteltarsen breit, stark gelappt. Fiihler gleichfalls rétlich, dick, besonders

in der Basalhalfte, Glied 5 und 6 beim 3 etwas erweitert, Endglied schmal,

doppelt so lang als die tibrigen Glieder. Kopf rétlichbraun, vorn rotlich, inner-

halb der Augen mit einer seichten Lingsdepression, die vor der Fiihlerinsertion

durch einen flachen kurzen Querwulst abgeriegelt wird, fein und wenig dicht,

nur auf dem Scheitel etwas kraftiger punktiert. Clypeus nicht gerandet, gerade

abgeschnitten. Halsschild rétlichgelb, breit, in der vorderen Halfte fast breiter

als die Decken, an den Seiten gerandet, stark gerundet, nach hinten verengt,

DYTISCIDAE. 17

auf der Scheibe spirlich und fein, hinter dem Vorderrand und vor der Basis

etwas stairker und viel dichter punktiert. Die Basalstrichel lang, bis itber die

Mitte reichend, leicht S-bogenformig geschwungen. Fliigel-

decken rotlichbraun, die Seiten rétlich, ohne Nahtstreifen,

aber mit zwei Basalstricheln, die kaum linger sind als die

Halsschildstricheln, etwas schrig nach innen ziehen und

daher nach hinten leicht konvergieren. Die Punktierung ist

ziemlich kraftig, dicht, gleichmissig fast iiber die ganze

Flache verteilt, nur an den Seiten und in einer Schulterpartie

feiner und spiirlicher.

Die Art ist mit dem australischen B. amabilis Cl.

zweitellos sehr nahe verwandt, von diesem aber durch die OR

bedeutendere Grosse und durch die dichte Punktierung, die Tgxr-r1g. 1.—Bides-

fast tiber die ganzen Decken gleichmissig verteilt ist, sus curviplicatus,

sp. nov.

verschieden.

Upolu: Mulifanua, 15.x.1925. Type in Brit. Museum, Paratype in

meiner Kollektion.

3. Copelatus marginatus Sharp.

Zwei Kxemplare aus Tonga: Nukualofa, 22.xi.1925.

Fiir Samoa wurde die Art bereits durch das von Dr. K. Friedrichs gesam-

melte Material nachgewiesen. (Arch. f. Naturg., 88. Jahrg., Abt. A, 10 Heft.

p. 148, 1922.)

4. Rhantus liopteroides, sp. n. (Text-fig. 2).

74-74 mm. Lianglich oval, nach vorn und hinten ziemlich gleichmissig,

aber nur wenig verengt, schwach gewolbt, glinzend. Unterseite braunschwarz,

Epipleuren, Prosternum, Taster und Beine rotlich, Fihler rétlichgelb, Kopf

braun, eine Scheitelpartie und die vordere Hilfte rétlich. Halsschild und

Decken rotlichgelb, ersteres mit einem braunen, schlechtbegrenzten Diskalfleck,

der sich oft so stark ausdehnt, dass die Grundfirbung nur in einem mehr

oder weniger breiten Seitensaum erhalten bleibt, letztere mit zahlreichen,

schwach gekriimmten schwarzen Sprenkeln, die sich teilweise zu unregelmiis-

sigen Langsreihen anordnen und nur ein schmales Suturalband und einen breiten

Seitensaum freilassen.

Iv. l 2

18 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Die Skulptur der Oberseite ist doppelt; sie setzt sich aus einer ausser-

ordentlich feinen, kaum erkennbaren Mikroretikulierung, und aus grésseren

unregelmiassigen Netzmaschen zusammen, welch letz-

tere auf Kopf und Halsschild kraftiger eingeschnitten

sind als auf den Decken. Halsschild mit einer vorn

und himten verkiirzten, schwach eingeschnittenen

Mittellinie. Fliigeldecken mit drei Lingsreihen

kraftiger Punktgriibchen, die sich vor der Spitze

verfeinern und etwas verwirren. Prosternalfortsatz

flach, seitich kaum abwirtsgedriickt, Metasternal-

fliigel Schmal.

Die kleinste Art der Gattung, die dem aus Tahiti

beschriebenen Rhanitus debts Sharp ausserst nahe-

steht; sie unterscheidet sich von letzterem haupt-

siichlich durch die kleinere, schmilere, mehr parallel-

Trxt-ria 2.—Rhantus lio- geitige Gestalt, durch den flacheren, an den Seiten

pteroides, sp. nov.

nicht abwirtsgedriickten Prosternalfortsatz, durch

die schmileren Metasternalfliigel und durch die kraftigeren Punktreihen der

Decken ; ausserdem sind beim 3 die Vorder- und Mitteltarsen viel schwacher

erweitert, die Vorderklauen schlanker, stirker gekriimmt und, im Gegensatz

von R. debilis, bei dem die innere Klaue etwas kiirzer ist als die Aussere, von

gleicher Linge.

Upolu: Malololelei, 4.v.1924; Type und Paratype im Brit. Museum,

weitere zwei Paratypen in meiner Kollektion.

5. Rhantus pulverosus Steph.

Das Verbreitungsgebiet dieser Art ist sehr ausgedehnt ; es erstreckt sich

tiber Nordafrika, Europa, Asien, die Sundainseln und die Philippinen, auf

Australien, Neuseeland, Neukaledonien und wahrscheinlich auch auf den grés-

seren Teil der melanesischen und polynesischen Inselwelt. Die Tiere aus Samoa

sind von unseren europiischen Hxemplaren kaum verschieden, nur die Oberseite

scheint etwas weniger gewolbt zu sein, die mainnlichen Vorder- und Mitteltarsen

sind sichtlich schwicher erweitert und die beiden Vorderklauen sind fast

gleichlang.

Tonga: Nukualofa, 19.xi.1925; Samoa: Savaii-Insel, Safune, 15.v.1924

(Bryan).

DYTISCIDAE. 19

6. Hydaticus consanguineus Aubé,

Die Art wird durch eine mehr oder weniger deutliche, aber stets schlecht

begrenzte, gemeinsame Diskalmakel auf den Fliigeldecken charakterisiert, die

durch Zusammenfliessen der schwarzen Sprenkeln entsteht. Auf gleiche

Weise bilden sich zuweilen auch vor der Spitze ein paar kleine, gewohnlich nur

schwach hervortretende Fleckchen. Diese Farbungsmerkmale sind die ein-

zigen Differenzen durch welche H. consanguineus von H. leander Rossi (H.

fabricit MacLeay) zu unterscheiden ist ; ob sie zur artlichen Trennung der beiden

Formen geniigen, erscheint mir allerdings fraglich.

Upolu: Malololelei, 9.vi.1924; Laulu, 211.1925; Mulifanua, 1.v.1917

(Swale). Savan: Fagamalo, 9.1.1924; Tuasivi, xi.1925.

Tonga : Nukualofa, 19.x1.1925.

6A. Hydaticus goryi Aubé.

Von den typischen Tieren aus Australien durch die Farbung verschieden.

Das Halsschild ist einfairbig rotlichgelb, in der Mitte kaum gebraunt; die

Fliigeldeckenzeichnung ist bis auf die subbasale Querbinde, die sich an den

Schultern angelhackenartig umbiegt, undeutlich. Die postmediane Querbinde

verliert sich nahezu ganz in dem Sprenkelfeld der fiusseren Deckenhiltte, das sie

nach hinten begrenzt; ebenso kommt die Binde vor der Spitze infolge der

eingelagerten schwarzen Sprenkeln nur wenig zur Geltung. Neben der Naht

lauft eine schmale gelbe Lingslinie, die dem inneren Ende der subbasalen Quer-

binde entspringt und nach hinten bis zur Spitzenmakel zieht.

Tonga: Nukualofa, 19.31.1925; 2 Exempl.

7. Cybister tripunctatus Ol.

Die weitverbreitete, in allen warmen Gebieten der westlichen Hemisphire

heimische Art scheint auch in Samoa nicht selten zu sein. Die Tiere sind von

mittlerer Grésse und ahneln in Habitus und Farbung der malayischen Form ;

die Seiten der Fliigeldecken sind breit gelb gesitumt, bei den 99 fehlt die Sexual-

skulptur ganz oder ist durch ganz vereinzelte kurze Strichchen nur schwach

angedeutet.

Upolu: Laulu, 21.11.1925; Apia, vi.1925 ; Mulifanua (Swale).

oa

aN

Nida

a a

Peck os

ye,

ut

Pec oat nbed ac

Ca a wv WE ted aise Oe

rg as ta i, Wag

Me i

SPA PH YEN TD AE

By Matcotm Cameron, M.B., R.N., F.E.S.

(With 2 Text-figures.)

Our knowledge of the Staphylinidae of the islands of the South Pacific is so

imperfect that no general conclusions can be drawn from the specimens col-

lected in Samoa.

The following species are represented in the collection submitted to me.

OXYTELINAE.

1. Priochirus (Syncampsochirus) forticornis Fauv.

Ann. Mus. Cw. Gen., Vol. x, p. 185, 1877.

Upolu: Malololelei, Vailima, 11.—xii.1924 (Buxton and Hopkins); Savaii,

Salailua, v.1924 (Bryan).

Ten examples. The head

and prothorax are figured

in Text-fig. 1, B.

2. Priochirus (Syncamp-

sochirus) samoensis Blanch.

Voy.: Pole Sud., Ent., p. 54, C.

4, £. 11, 1853.

Upolu: Malololelei,

2000 ft. above the sea,

iv.—x1.1924 (Buxton and A. B.

Bains oc Text-ric. 1.—Head and prothorax; A, of Priochirus fre-

Hopkins) ; Savail, Safune, minvillet Le Guillon; B, of P. forticornis Fauv.

rain forest, 2000-4000 ft.

above the sea, v.1924 (Bryan). Sixteen examples.

3. Priochirus (Plastus) freminville: Le Guillon.

Journ. Institut, Vol. 1x, p. 280, 1841.

Upolu: Vailima, 24.v.1924 ; Malololelei, 2000 ft. above the sea, i1.—x1.1924 ;

21

99

ee)

INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Apia, 18.v.1924 (Buxton and Hopkins); Savan: Salailua, 23.v.1924 (Bryan).

Kleven examples. The head and prothorax are figured in Text-fig. 1, A.

4. Lispinus impressicollis Motsch.

Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc., Vol. xxx, p. 495, 1857.

Upolu: Malololelei, 25.1v.1924 ; Apia, 1.1925, in a rotting pumpkin.

Widely distributed throughout the Tropics.

5. Lispinus castaneus Fauv.

Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen., Vol. xii, p. 206, 1878.

Upolu: Malololelei, 2000 ft. above the sea, vi.1924; Apia, vi.1924 (Buxton

and Hopkins); Tutwla: Fagasa, 1x.1924 (Swezey and Wilder). Several

examples.

Occurs also in New Guinea, Northern Australia, Seychelles, and Fiji.

6. Trogophloeus siamensis Fauv.

J Rev. @Ent., Vol. v, p. 144, 1886.

Upolu: Apia, xi1.1924. One example.

Also found in Siam, Java, Sumatra, Madagascar.

7. Oxytelus, sp.n.

Savail: Salailua, 21.v.1924 (Bryan). One example.

8. Osorius samoensis Bernh.

Arch. f. Naturg. Vol. 88, A, 10, p. 149, 1922.

Upolu: Malololelei, 2000 ft. above the sea, vi., xi.1924, 1.1925; Vailima,

vi.1924 (Buxton and Hopkins) ; Tuaefa, ix.1923 ; Savaii: Safune, lowlands to

1000 ft. ; rain forests to 4000 ft, ii1.1924 (Bryan) ; Tutuila: Amauli, 6.1x.1923 ;

Leone Road, 7.ix.1923 ; Pago Pago, 10.ix.1923 ; Afono Trail, 25.ix.1923 (Swezey

and Wilder). Several examples.

PAEDERINAE.

9. Palaminus samoensis, sp.n.

Fore-parts reddish-yellow, abdomen reddish-brown. Antennae and legs

pale yellow. Length 3 mm.

STAPHYLINIDAE. 23

Colour of P. pennifer Fauv., but smaller and narrower, the antennae

shorter, the penultimate joints obviously shorter, though longer than broad ;

would appear to be near P. philippinus Bernh., but to differ in colour. Head,

with eyes, a little broader than the thorax, coarsely and closely punctured.

Thorax slightly broader than long, the sides practically straight and convergent

posteriorly, before the middle of the base with a short impunctate elevation

with a depression on either side, rather coarsely and closely punctured like the

head. Elytra about 1} times longer than the thorax, closely, coarsely rugulosely

punctured. Abdomen with the usual imbricate sculpture.

Savail, 9.v.1924, and rain forest, 2000-4000 ft. above the sea (Bryan). Two

examples; type in the Bishop Museum, Honolulu; paratype in the British

Museum.

10. Palaminus, n.sp.

Upolu: Malalolelei, vii.1924. One defective example.

11. Medon tutuilanus, sp.n.

Sub-depressed, rufo-ferrugineous, moderately shining. Elytra reddish-

testaceous, with indeterminate brown fascia of varying breadth. Abdomen

brown, the posterior margins of the last two segments broadly testaceous.

Antennae and legs reddish-testaceous. Length 3-5 mm.

Colour of Ophiomedon incomptus Shp., but the thorax broader, this and the

head more finely punctured. Narrower than M. opacellus Fauv. and more

depressed, the temples straighter and the posterior angles more briefly rounded,

the thorax shorter and broader, the puncturation simple and the colour of the

elytra different. Head as broad as long, square, a little broader than the thorax,

temples parallel, practically straight, the posterior angles briefly rounded, the

base feebly emarginate, closely and moderately coarsely punctured, with a small

impunctate space on the vertex. Antennae rather short, the 7th to 10th joints

transverse. Thorax distinctly transverse, trapezoidal, before the base with a

short, median, impunctate keel and short impression on each side ; puncturation

very similar to that of the head. Elytra short, one-third longer than the thorax,

closely, rather finely, asperately punctured. Abdomen rather closely and

rather finely punctured, finely and moderately closely pubescent.

Tutuila, Pago Pago, 24.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder). Type in the Bishop

Museum.

24 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

12. Lithocharis vilis Kr.

Arch. f. Naturg:, Vol. 25, p. 139, 1859.

Upolu: Malololelei, about 2000 ft., vi.1924.

Widely distributed throughout the tropics.

STAPHYLININAE.

13. Leptacinus pallidus, sp.n.

Head and thorax reddish-testaceous, elytra and abdomen yellow, the

former occasionally infuscate about the postero-external angles. Antennae

reddish-testaceous. Legs testaceous. Length 4 mm.

In build very similar to Leptacinus filum Kr., but more robust. Head

oblong, wider than the thorax, the sides parallel, the posterior angles briefly

rounded ; median frontal furrows lightly curved inwards, with an umbilicate

puncture anteriorly ; lateral grooves deeper and narrower, oblique, extending

from an umbilicate puncture near the antero-internal border of the eye, back-

wards and inwards, to an umbilicate puncture behind the median groove but

not connected with it; temples with two punctures, one close to the eye; the

whole of the upper surface with a few small scattered punctures, ground sculpture

well marked, longitudinally strigose. Antennae with the 3rd joint a little

shorter than the 2nd, 4th about as long as broad, 5th to 10th transverse, the

penultimate about twice as broad as long. Thorax much longer than broad,

the sides straight, not much narrowed behind, all the angles rounded ; disc

with four larger quadrately placed punctures, another near the anterior angles

and another laterally ; besides these larger punctures there are a few fine

scattered ones ; ground sculpture strigose, more or less longitudinal. Scutellum

triangular with two fine setiferous punctures, transversely strigose. Elytra

as long as, but a little broader than, the thorax, obsoletely sculptured with

scattered larger and smaller punctures, the latter more numerous and without

ground sculpture. Abdomen practically impunctate along the middle, at the

sides with a few fine setiferous punctures. Intermediate coxae contiguous,

posterior tibiae lightly curved.

Tutuila: Fagasa, under rotten bark, 9.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).

Two examples: type in the Bishop Museum, paratype in the British Museum.

STAPHYLINIDAE. 25

14. Holocorynus longiceps, sp.n.

Depressed, black, shining, the posterior angles and base of the thorax

narrowly reddish-testaceous. Antennae ferrugineous. Mandibles prominent,

black. Legs testaceous. Length 8°5 mm.

Head oblong, much longer than broad, broader and almost as long as the

thorax, the sides exactly parallel, the posterior angles briefly rounded. Eyes

very small. Median frontal grooves superficial, parallel, rather long, posteriorly

with an umbilicate setiferous puncture ; lateral grooves short, oblique, com-

mencing at a large umbilicate puncture near the eye, and ending at the umbili-

cate puncture at the end of the median groove; from the base nearly to the

apex with a narrow deep sulcus in the middle line ; on either side, for about the

anterior two-thirds, with a few elongate umbilicate punctures, the basal region

impunctate, the long temples with three or four punctures, the disc with a few

small punctures and with a fine, interrupted, longitudinal ground sculpture.

Antennae with the 2nd joint shorter than the 3rd, 3rd clavate, 4th shorter,

clavate, 5th to 10th slightly transverse. Thorax much longer than broad,

widest at the rounded anterior angles, the sides strongly narrowed to the

rounded posterior angles, the disc with four quadrately placed punctures and

with two others near the anterior angles, before the middle of the base with a

short impressed line, the whole surface covered with a vermiform ground sculp-

ture more or less transverse on the disc and longitudinal at the sides. Scutellum

with two large setiferous punctures and transverse wavy ground sculpture.

Hlytra as long as, but a little broader than the thorax, obsoletely impressed

behind the shoulder and before the apex, with a few very obsolete larger

punctures and an exceedingly fine irregular puncturation, without ground

sculpture. Abdomen practically smooth in the middle, the sides of the seg-

ments with a few fine setiferous punctures. Posterior tibiae short, lightly

curved. The head in this species is much longer than in H. discedens Shp.

Upolu: Malololelei, 25.iv.1924. A single example (type): in the British

Museum.

15. Thyreocephalus taitiensis Boh.

Eugen. Resa, p. 26, 1858 (Xantholinus).

Upolu: Apia, ii., v.1924 (Buxton and Hopkins); 15.ix.1923 (Swezey and

Wilder) ; Malololelei, 21.vi.1924 (Armstrong) ; Vailima, 26.111.1925 (Buxton and

26 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Hopkins); Tutuila: Pago Pago, 24.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder). Hight

examples.

Widely distributed in the South Pacific region.

16. Cafius nauticus Fairm.

Rev. et. Magq. de Zool. (2), Vol. i, p. 288, 1849 (Philonthus).

Upolu: Vailima, 9.vi.1924. One example.

Widely distributed in the South Pacific region and Red Sea littoral.

TACHYPORINAE.

17. Coproporus formosae Bernh.

Tr. Linn. Soc., Vol. xviii, I, p. 178 (note), 1922.

Upolu: Malololelei, 2000 ft. above the sea, vi.1924 (Buxton and Hopkins) ;

Tutuila: Amauli, 6.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder). Three examples.

ALEOCHARINAE.

18. Oligota (Holobus) chrysopyga Kr.

Arch. f. Naturg., Vol. 25, p. 45, 1859.

Upolu: Apia, vi.1924. Four examples.

Widely distributed in East and West Indies, East Africa and elsewhere.

19. Ohigota (sensi stricto) semirufa, sp.n.

Moderately shining, the fore parts reddish-testaceous, the abdomen

reddish-castaneous, the posterior margins of the segments rufescent,

the last two segments testaceous. Antennae with the first six joints

testaceous, the rest black, forming a club. Legs testaceous. Length 0-6 mm.

—Build of O. parva Kr. but smaller and differently coloured, the antennae

shorter and stouter and the puncturation finer. The 7th joint of the antennae

is much broader than the 6th, the 8th and 9th increasingly broader, quite three

STAPHYLINIDAE. 27

times broader than long, the 10th short and stout, a little longer than broad ;

the whole insect very finely and closely punctured, and with a fine yellow

pubescence.

Upolu: Apia, vu.1924. Three examples. Type in the British Museum.

20. Gyrophaena albidicornis Bernh.

Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., Vol. [xxxix, p. 689, 1913.

As Dr. Bernhauer remarks, the 3 characters are difficult to see, and I have

accordingly dissected out the last two abdominal seg-

ments, a figure of which is here given. (Text-fig. 2.) 00

It will be seen that the 7th segment is furnished in

the middle just before the posterior margin with a

pair of small tubercles, the lateral margin of the 8th on pyy-me. OeGirenhaena

each side is produced into a short triangular tooth, and albidicornis Bernh. ;

the posterior margin of the segment between the teeth USCIS Gu eae

. Se of male.

is very feebly bisinuate. The two tubercles on the 7th

segment are present in the five males examined by me.

Upolu: Malololelei, 2000 ft. above the sea, 30.xi.1924. Highteen examples.

21. Coenonica buxtoni, sp.n.

Shining ; head and thorax black, elytra yellow, more or less infuscate on

the scutellar and postero-external angles; abdomen brown, the posterior

margins of the segments rufescent, the 6th segment black. Antennae black,

the first three joints testaceous. Legs testaceous. Length 2°75 mm.

Colour as in C. puncticollis Kr., smaller, the head and thorax much

more finely punctured, the latter much less transverse and less dilated in front.

Head lightly impressed on the vertex, the whole surface finely and sparingly

punctured. Antennae with the 2nd and 3rd joints of equal length, 4th about

as long as broad, 5th to 10th transverse, gradually increasing in breadth, the

penultimate about twice as broad as long. Thorax about one-third broader

than long, widest just before the middle, the sides rounded, more strongly

narrowed behind and slightly sinuate before the obtuse posterior angles ; before

the middle of the base transversely impressed, and with a short, obsolete diver-

gent impression on each side of the middle line and united with the basal

28 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

impression, occasionally with a short impression in the middle line in front,

the whole surface finely, but rather more closely, punctured than the head.

Elytra broader and a little longer than the thorax, slightly transverse, finely,

obsoletely and moderately closely punctured. Abdomen very finely and very

sparingly punctured, with a transverse row of larger, obsolete punctures at the

bases of the anterior segments.

3 unknown.

Upolu: Apia, xi1.1924. Three examples. Type in the British Museum.

22. Homalota variiventris Kr.

Arch. f. Naturgesch, Vol. 25, p. 34, 1859.

Upolu: Apia, 11.1924, in a rotting pumpkin (Buxton and Hopkins) ;

Tutuila : Pago Pago, 24.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder). Four examples.

Also found in Ceylon, Indo-Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java and New

Guinea.

23. Tachyusa insulana Fairm.

Rev. et Mag. de Zool. (2), Vol. i, p. 287, 1849 (Bolitochara).

Apia, 11.1924 (Buxton and Hopkins); Tutuila: Pago Pago, 24.1x.1923

(Swezey and Wilder). Four examples.

Also in Fiji.

24. Aleochara nigra Kr.

Arch. f. Naturgesch., Vol. 25, p. 18, 1859.

Upolu: Apia, 23.v.1924. One example.

Also occurs in Ceylon, Indo-Malay Peninsula, Sumatra and elsewhere.

LIST OF TEXT-FIGURES

Text-fig. 1. Head and prothorax ; A, of Priochirus freminvillet Le Guillon; B, of P. forticornis,

Fauv.

» 2. Gyrophaena albidicornis Bernh.; 7th and 8th tergites of male.

HYDROPHILIDAE

By A. D’ORCHYMONT

(With 1 Text-figure.)

THE material communicated by Mr. P. A. Buxton, Mr. W. M. Giffard, the

British and Bishop Museums, consists of eighty-two specimens belonging to two

sub-families (Sphaeridiinae and Hydrophilinae), three genera (Dactylosternum,

Noteropagus, Enochrus) and six species. One of the latter (D. abdominale) is

nearly cosmopolitan, and is found in refuse or spoiled fruits. Another (H.

parvulus) is known to occur in Asia Minor, Africa, Madagascar, the Seychelles,

Aldabra I., Coetivy I. and India. A third form (D. subquadratum), perhaps also

a refuse dweller, is similarly found in Tahiti, Fiji, Buru, Borneo and the

Philippines, whilst a fourth is perhaps the same as /. tritus Broun, of New Zealand.

The fifth (V. politus), living in rotten bark, has been recorded, too, from Java,

Sumatra, Indo-China and India, and is near akin to N. obscurus, known hitherto

only as occurring in Timor and Borneo. Finally the sixth and last species (F.

bryant) is apparently new to science.

So far as the study of this small collection goes, we seem entitled to accept

the opinions of Kramer * and K. Friederichs + as to the manner in which the

Samoan group has been populated with animals and plants. The authors in

question draw attention to the heterogeneous character of the fauna of these

islands, which they consider to be due to accidental colonisation. This explana-

tion is evidently in accordance with the relatively recent geological age of the

group and its emergence above sea-level owing to volcanic action. For this

reason the Samoan fauna cannot be very rich. On the other hand, at least four

of the species forming the subject of the present contribution were collected in

considerable numbers.

* Kramer, ‘‘ Die Samoa Inseln,” 2 Vols., 4to, 956 pp., with 5 plates and 4 maps (Stuttgart :

1901-1903) ; “‘ Der Tropenpflanzer”’: Zedtschrift fiir tropische Landwirtschaft, Beiheft 5 (Berlin :

1918).

+ K. Friederichs, “Die von Dr. K. Friederichs in Samoa und Indo-China gesammelten

Kafer”: Archiv. fiir Naturgeschichte, 88 Jahrg. Abt. A., 10 Heft, pp. 147-159, December 1922.

29

30 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

The Hydrophilid fauna of Tahiti, Tonga and other parts of Polynesia is

practically unknown, and I am aware only of two species of Dactylosternum

(D. abdominale and D. subquadratum) living in the first-named of these islands.

The same is true of Fiji; only two species have been recorded (Hydrous sabellifer

Fairmaire [? = H. gayndahensis Macleay], and Ochthebius eremita Knisch).

Personally I have seen only two specimens from those islands ; they represent

a small Hnochrus related to, if not identical with, an Australian or New

Caledonian species. Comparison of the Samoan fauna with that of these

countries is therefore still impossible. Apart from the present material, I have

only heard of three Samoan species, of which two were named by Knisch in

the paper of Dr. Friederichs already alluded to. I have discussed these two

forms in the systematic part of this paper.

The material of which an account is given below was obtained chiefly from

Upolu and Tutuila; there are also three specimens from Tau, Manua. From

the largest island, Savaiu, I have only seen one specimen.

SPHAERIDITNAE.

1. Dactylosternum abdominale Fabricius, 1792.

Twelve specimens. Samoan Is. (Swale, 1917), kitchen refuse, 27.x1.1925 ;

Upolu: Apia, 11.1924; 1.1925; Tutuila: Leone Road (Swezey and Wilder),

7.1x.1923 ; Pago Pago (0-300 ft., W. M. Giffard Coll.).

This species is known to occur in all the warmer regions of the globe, but

has not been recorded from New Zealand.

2. Dactylosternum subquadratum Fairmaire, 1849.

Seventy-three specrmens. Upolu: Apia, 3.vi.1924 ; Malololelei, 24.11.1924 ;

iv.1924; 25.1v.1924; vi.1924, 2000 ft. Tutuila: Pago Pago, 18.iv.1924

(Bryan); Amauli, Pago Pago, Fagasa, ix.1923; Tau, Manua, 27.1x.1923

(Swezey and Wilder).

The type of D. subquadratum was obtained in Tahiti, and the species was

recognised by Sharp in his material from the Hawaiian Islands. It has also

been recorded from the Fiji Islands, Buru, Borneo and the Philippmes. D.

servatum-titanicum Knisch, 1922, described from a single specimen from Apia,

HYDROPHILIDAE. ol

Upolu, is in my opinion certainly this species. In Sumatra, Java, Engano, the

Mentawei Is. and Indo-China, it is (as has already been pointed out by me *)

represented by a smaller form, D. seriatwm Knisch (Régimbart 7m litt.), in all

probability not specifically distinct from D. subquadratum Fairmaire.

3. Noteropagus politus d’Orchymont, 1919.

Hight specimens. Tutuila: Pago Pago, 21.1x.1923, in rotten bark ; Leone

Road, 7.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).

These specimens make an approach to the Indo-Chinese form, NV. punctatus

m., but the oblique rows of punctures on the sides of the elytra are composed

behind of somewhat larger pits, and the interstitial puncturation of the elytra

has no tendency to be arranged in a single row posteriorly, between the normal

series of punctures.

HYDROPHILINAE.

Tribe: HYDROBIINAE.

Subtribe : HELOCHARAE.

4. Enochrus (Lumetus) ? tritus Broun.

A specimen from Upolu, Tafua Volcano, 1917 (Dr. H. Swale: in coll. Brit.

Mus.), perhaps a 9, as the claws are not hooked, seems very near to, if

not identical with, H. tritus Broun, of New Zealand. The prefrons before the

eyes has only a faint median infuscation behind, but, since Broun recorded a

paler, less common variety of LH. tritus, this differentiation may be imputed to

individual variation. The larger punctures of the sides of the pronotum are

hardly discernible, and the last ventral segment has a deep ciliated notch at

the tip. As in FL. tritus, the mesosternal process forms a very thin and large

lamina, nearly perpendicular on its anterior side, and with a very minute

acumen at its anterior angle.

This is a suitable place in which to express the opinion that the New

* A. d’Orchymont, ‘“ Notes on Philippine Hydrophilidae ” : Philippine Journ. Sci., Vol. 30,

p. 366, July 1926.

32 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Zealand EF. variolorum Broun seems to be only a colour variety of the more

abundant £. tritus. Sharp has already pointed out* that the character from

which the specific name of the unique type was derived is an accidental one.

The characters given by him in a dichotomic table on the same page seem to

me to be only colour variations, perhaps even due to sexual differentiation, his

Philhydrus tritus being then the 9, and his Ph. variolorum the 3, of the same

species. More material from New Zealand, as well as from Samoa, is needed

in order to decide these questions.

5. Enochrus (Lumetus) bryani, sp.n. (Text-fig. 1).

Type. Samoa, Savaii: Salailua, 22.v.1924 (Bryan), Bishop Museum,

3:2 x 1:9 mm.

I have not been able to assign this beetle to any described species, and I

do not know of any very near ally. The shape is not very convex, and the

pronotum is but little narrowed from the hind to the anterior angles, so that

the latter are definitely wider than the eyes.

Head dirty yellow, with a roughly triangular infuscation covering base of

postfrons, narrowed anteriorly and extending across the blackened antenno-

frontal suture to the middle of the prefrons. The latter is emarginate in front

behind the labrum, and the preclypeus is visible. Puncturation of head close,

not very strong nor deep, with interstices between punctures shining, not

alutaceous. Hind portions of head (vertex) under margin of pronotum finely

strigose. A group of a few larger punctures can be seen on the inner side of the

eyes. Labrum mfuscate, nearly black, finely punctured. Maxillary palpi not

very long, the last segment not infuscated at the tip.

Pronotum dull yellow, infuscated in the middle, the infuscation reaching

the posterior but not the anterior margin. The curve of the sides nearly con-

tinuous with the outline of the elytra. Posterior angles sharply, the anterior

ones much more widely, rounded. Lateral and posterior margins of the disc

finely and wholly bordered ; anterior side widely and not very deeply emar-

ginate for the reception of the head. Puncturation of the disc very conspicuous,

as dense as on the head and somewhat stronger. Lateral ellipses of larger

punctures easily seen among the finer ground punctures.

* Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 473, 1884.

HYDROPHILIDAE. 33

Elytra taken together elliptic, not quite twice as long as wide behind the

prothorax, dusky in colour, dull yellowish at the sides and behind. Punctura-

tion like that of pronotum, of same depth and closeness. On the disc the three

irregular rows of larger punctures can easily be seen, and along the outer margin

there is even an indication of a fourth row. Sutural stria extending beyond the

basal fourth of the length of the elytra.

Under surface, including femora, dusky, the knees, tibiae and tarsi reddish.

Mentum shining, with an anterior rounded impression and some well marked

punctures. Prosternum in the middle without anterior

tooth. Mesosternum with an elevated, median, slightly

thickened and posteriorly not very thin lamina, the

anterior side of which is nearly perpendicular, while the

lower edge is free from inequalities but provided with a

very minute acumen at its anterior angle. Middle of

metasternum before posterior coxae with a very small

elongate shining space free from pubescence. J[ifth

ventral segment with a small but conspicuous ciliated

notch at the end. Claws, especially the anterior ones,

hooked in the male.

Aedeagus (Text-fig. 1) with outer lobes narrowed and curved inwards at

the end.

TEXtT-FIG. 1.— Enochrus

bryant, aedeagus.

6. Enochrus (Methydrus) parvulus Kuwert, 1888 (nec Reiche, 1856).

Twelve specimens. Upolu: ‘Tafua Volcano (H. Swale), 1917; Apia

(Swezey and Wilder), 13.1x.1923 ; 11.1924 ; v.1924; xi.1924; 1.1925; vil.1925.

These specimens agree so closely with others from tle Seychelles and

Aldabra Is. (H. Scott det.), especially as regards the shape of the mesosternal

lamina, that I do not hesitate to consider them as belonging to EF. parvulus.

E. malabarensis Régimbart 1s very similar, but in this species the mesosternal

lamina is larger and more perpendicular on its anterior side. The type of EF.

parvulus was obtained at Beirut, and the species has since been met with in

EKeypt, Tropical Africa, the Transvaal, Madagascar, Seychelles, Aldabra,

Coetivy I. and India. Knisch’s record (Friederichs, l.c., p. 151) of EH. esuriens *

* Erroneously spelt “ escuriens’’ by Knisch.

TVeal 3

34 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Walker, from Apia, probably refers to FE. parvulus; the true E. esurvens

‘Walker has no lamina on the mesosternum, this part of the body being only

carinate along the middle.

TEXT-FIGURE

Text-fig. 1. Enochrus bryant, aedeagus.

is Et, ig

Oo, BEMARTMGNT aS

or at /

~2 MoO LO- 4

CLAVICORNIA AND LAMELLICORNIA

By GitBert J. ARROW

(With 13 Text-figures.)

In reviewing the beetles of many different families (over seventy species), the

identification of which has fallen to my share, the fact that calls for remark

in the first instance is the predominance of species breeding in rotting wood,

such as those belonging to the three families CucustpAr, CoLyDIIDAE and

Lucantpak, of which nearly all those previously unknown are members. No

less than four species of LuCANIDAE (Stag-beetles), apparently peculiar to the

Samoan Islands, are recorded, while the other great Lamellicorn groups, so much

more numerous amongst the sect populations of most regions of the earth,

are either completely absent or represented only by species of very wide dis-

tribution, which may be supposed to have been introduced in comparatively

recent times, probably by human agency. ‘The, in several cases, too successful

establishment of those immigrants, which have become serious pests, shows that

there are no local conditions inimical to their kind to account for the deficiency.

The explanation is probably to be found in the fact that while the LucantDAE

pass their early stages in rotting wood, the Scarabaeid Lamellicornia nearly

all do so underground, so that the ocean, which may have brought the former in

drifting logs from other shores, formed an impassable barrier to the latter,

until surmounted by human agencies.

The four apparently indigenous species of LucaNIDAE have developed no

very strongly marked differential features, and, although suggesting a fairly

respectable antiquity for the fauna, do not afford ground for regarding it as

other than comparatively recent.

As to the origins of the beetle-fauna, although some of the numerous widely-

distributed constituents, such as Adoretus versutus, Oryctes rhinoceros and

Oxycetomia versicolor, appear to have come from Asia, so far as can be judged

from this part of the fauna it owes very little to Asiatic elements. A consider-

able proportion of the species are completely cosmopolitan, but a fair number

35

36 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

are not known to occur outside the Samoan Islands. This may to some extent

be due to the very insufficient state of our knowledge of the insects of other

Polynesian islands, but it can scarcely be doubted that each group of islands,

if not each island, has many beetles peculiar to itself. The affinities with dis-

tant regions apparently indicated by the study of the present collections would

perhaps be rendered less striking by fuller knowledge of the faunas of the other

island groups. For example, five minute insects here recorded, Sacium

angusticolle, Psammoecus pallidipennis, Litargus vestitus, Propalticus oculatus

and Orphinus terninalis, have been previously reported only from the Hawaiian

Islands. Until it is known in what other islands these may also be found, it

would no doubt be possible to attach too great importance to this seemingly

remarkable distribution.

Certain indications of American influence must also be mentioned.

The occurrence of a single example of Tenebroides mordax, a species only found

previously in Costa Rica, might have been regarded as accidental had it been

unaccompanied by any other facts pointing in the same direction; but no

suspicion can be attached to the Aphodiid Ataenius orbicularis, numerous

specimens of which have been taken by various collectors, and which, originally

described as peculiar to Samoa, has since been found to be a Central American

species. Again, Hystricones vagans, an insect of minute size but with well-marked

generic features, here described and figured for the first time, is attributed to a

genus of which the only other known species is found in Central America. Two

other species which also make their first appearance here, Colydodes samoensis

and C. denudatus, similarly belong to a Tropical American genus. <A single

species of this genus was long ago recorded from Mysol. Of the same significance

is a newly described species of Hapalips, a genus almost peculiar to Tropical

America, but of which one species is known to occur in New Zealand and one

in Ceylon, while three are found in the Madagascan region.

The only new genus that I have considered it necessary to describe is of

interest from the standpoint of geographical distribution, as it includes, in

addition to Monothallis samoensis, found in the Samoan, Fijian and Loyalty

Islands, a species inhabiting Gilolo and another occurring in Australia, all

distinguished by the possession of a particular structure for stridulation ; this is.

situated on the head, and is of a type not found in their allies. The new genus

is not alone in showing Australian affinities, but the latter are rather with the

Papuan element in the Australian fauna than with the truly Australian

CLAVICORNIA AND LAMELLICORNIA. 37

(aboriginal) fauna. This is clearly seen in the Lucanipaz, which belong to the

two genera Aegus and Figulus, both of which occur in Australia but have their

centre of distribution in New Guinea, whence they range in all directions.

CLAVICORNIA.

CORYLOPHIDAE.

1. Sacitum angusticolle Scott.

Fauna Hawaiiensis, Vol. ii, pt. 5, p. 416, 1908

Tutuila I.: Leone Road, Sept. (Swezey and Wilder).

Hawauan Is.

A single specimen was found in rotten bark. The species has only been

recorded hitherto from Hawaii.

2. Meioderus nitidus Matth.

Monogr. Coryloph., p. 105, 1899.

Upolu I.: Malololelei, 2000 ft., Feb.

Japan.

A single example, not in good condition, appears to belong to this species,

previously found only in Japan.

SCAPHIDITDAE.

3. Scaphisoma, sp.

Upolu I.: Malololelei, 2000 ft., Mar.

The family is represented only by a single specimen, probably immature,

of an unknown species.

38 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

HISTERIDAE.

4. Platysoma urville: Le Guill.

Rev. Zool., p. 223, 1844.

Upolu I. : Apia, Feb., Oct. ; Malololelei, 2000 ft., April.

Tutuila I.: Pago Pago, Fagasa, Leone Road, Sept., Oct. (Swezey and

Wilder).

Wii Is., Tahiti, Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Madagascar.

This insect was found under rotten bark of Hau trees in Tutuila.

5. Platysoma cavicauda, sp. n. (Text-fig. 1).

Planum, angustum, duplo longius quam latius, capite minute punctulato,

stria transversa vix lateraliter producta, clypeo leviter excavato, labro valde

arcuato ; pronoto lateraliter anguste marginato,

stria antice breviter recurva; elytris striis integris

tribus externis impressis, praeterea toto laevibus ;

propygidio grosse et parce punctato, pygidio grosse

sat crebre et aequaiiter punctato, haud convexo

aut inflexo, utrinque paulo excavato ; mesosterno

antice sed haud lateraliter marginato ; segmento

ventrali basali strits duabus fortiter divergentibus

impresso; tibus anticis dentibus quatuor fere

aequedistantibus armatis.

Long: 4mm.; lat. max. 2 mm.

Upolu I.: Malololelei, 2000 ft., April.

Tutuila I.: Fagasa, Sept. (Swezey and

Wilder).

A small species of very narrow form, the

elytra of which bear three complete lateral striae on each side, the rest being

entirely obsolete. It closely resembles P. tenuimargo, Schm. (Seychelles Is.)

and P. rosselense, Lewis (Louisiade Archipelago), but is rather more elongate

than either and differs: conspicuously in its pygidium, which is not convex,

with its apex incurved, but flattened and prominent, very strongly punctured

and a little hollowed on each side. The head has a straight clypeal stria,

Text-Fic. 1.—Platysoma

cavicauda, sp. Nov.

CLAVICORNIA AND LAMELLICORNIA. 39

not continuous with the short curved lateral stria; the clypeus is a little

hollowed, less broad than that of P. rosselense, and the labrum is crescent-

shaped and narrow. The marginal stria of the mesosternum is not con-

tinuous at the sides with that of the metasternum, and the lateral striae

of the basal sternite of the abdomen diverge much more strongly than in P.

tenuimargo.

6. Carcinops 14-striatus Steph.

Ill. Brit. Ent., v, p. 412, 1832.

Upolu I.: Apia, July.

A single example was found of this little insect, which is distributed through-

out the world.

7. Paromalus, sp.

Upolu I.: Vailima, June.

Tutuila [.: Pago Pago, Fagasa, Leone Road, Sept. (Swezey and Wilder).

A few specimens were taken in company with Platysoma urvillei, under

rotten bark. The species is very minute and apparently undescribed, but as

I am not in a position to compare it with various known Papuan species it

seems best to leave its description to a more favourable occasion.

NITIDULIDAE.

8. Carpophilus hemipterus L.

Syst. Nat., p. 358, 1758.

Upolu I.: Apia, Jan.

This insect is carried to all parts of the world in dried fruits and other

provisions.

9. Carpophilus dimidiatus F.

Ent. Syst., 1, p. 261, 1792.

Upolu I.: Apia, Apr., May, July, Aug., Nov., Dec.; Vailima, Jan.; Mt.

Vaea, 1500 f{t., Dec. ; Malololelei, 2000 ft., June.

40 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Tutuila I.: Pago Pago, Sept. (Swezey and Wilder); Leone Road, March

(Judd.). |

Manua Group: Tau, Sept. (Swezey and Wilder).

Found in rotten Sasalapa fruit (Anona sp.).

Like the previous species, this is very common everywhere in foodstufis.

10. Haptoncus luteolus Er.

Germar’s Zetschr., Vol. iv, p. 272, 1843.

Upolu I.: Apia, Jan., Feb., Apr., May, Dec.

Tutuila I.: Pago Pago, Sept. (Swezey and Wilder) ; Leone Road, March

(Judd.).

Found in rotten Pumpkins and Sasalapa.

This is yet another cosmopolitan species.

11. H. ocularis Fairm.

Rev Zool., (2), 1, p. 363, 1849.

Tutuila I.: Amauli, Sept. (Swezey and Wilder) ; Pago Pago, Sept. (Swezey

and Wilder).

Savan I.: Salailua, May (Bryan).

This is found throughout the East, from the Seychelles to the Hawaiian Is.

12. Epuraea upoluensis, sp. 1.

Fusco-ferruginea, capite paulo obscuriore, pedibus antennisque flavis ;

oblongo-ovalis, parum convexa, minute griseo-pubescens, vix nitida; capite

sat lato, distincte punctato, oculis prominentissimis ; pronoto subtiliter coriaceo,

medio modice crebre ac fortiter, lateraliter subtilius, antice fere rugose,

punctato, fere duplo latiori quam longiori, lateribus haud reflexis, aequaliter

arcuatis, antice fortiter approximatis, angulis anticis rotundatis, posticis fere

rectis, basi fere recto, scutello lato; elytris quam pronotum plus duplo longi-

oribus, paulo nitidioribus, leviter subrugose punctatis ; corpore subtus nitido,

prosterno haud producto ; antennarum clava sat late ovali.

Long: 1-5-2 mm.; lat. max. 1 mm.

CLAVICORNIA AND LAMELLICORNIA. 41

Upolu I. : Malololelei, 2000 ft., June, July.

Tutuila I.: Eastern end, 1070 ft., June (Kellers).

Numerous specimens were taken in Upolu, but I have seen only a single

example from Tutuila.

This little insect bears considerable resemblance to the Australian FE. sloane:

and FE. nelsonensis, Blackb., and especially to the former. It is broader and

less convex than that species and has much narrower tibiae. The pronotum

and elytra are more closely and roughly punctured, more pubescent and less

shining. The antennae are like those of E. sloanei, but with a less broad

terminal joint, and less slender and with a much broader club than in £.

nelsonensis.

I may here record that Epuraea tasmanica, Grouv., is a synonym of EF.

(Haptoncura) nelsonensis, Blackb., referred to above, and E. simsoni, Grouv.,

of £. (Haptoncura) victoriensis, Blackb. The types of all four are in the British

Museum collection.

TROGOSITIDAE.

13. Tenebroides mauritanicus L.

Syst. Nat., 1, 2, p. 674, 1767.

Upolu I.; Apia, Jan., May, June, Sept.

A familiar cosmopolitan insect found in flour, etc. The specimens were

probably introduced.

14. T. mordax Shp.

Biol. Centr.-Amer., Vol. ii, pt. 1, p. 423, 1891.

Upolu I.: Apia, Sept.

Centr. America : Costa Rica.

A single specimen was obtained, which I am unable to distinguish from the

Tropical American species of this name.

42 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

CUCUJIDAE.

15. Prostomis samoensis, sp. D.

Pallide flavus, nudus, nitidus, capite ubique modice, lateraliter grosse,

punctato, mandibulis fortiter punctatis, haud latis, basi deflectis, deinde

attenuatis, lateribus haud angulatis aut lobatis,

processubus genalibus modice discretis, haud

convergentibus ; pronoto ubique sat fortiter

punctato, longitudine fere ad latitudinem

aequal, medio sulcato, sulco bene punctato,

lateribus fere rectis, antice laevissime arcuatis,

angulis posticis distinctis, basi fortiter arcuato ;

elytris valde et crebre seriato-punctatis ; cor-

pore subtus ubique sat fortiter et aequaliter

punctato, metasterno medio valde sulcato ;

antennis brevissimis, articulis 5-10 transversis,

9 et 10 latis, 11 paulo elongato.

Long. 8 mm. ; Jat. max. 2 mm.

Upolu I. (Swale).

Trxt1-FIG. 2—Prostomis samoensis, Three specimens were found.

sp. nov.; A, left mandible The species of this very peculiar and

jue Cues distinct genus, although scattered in widely

separated areas from Southern Europe to Tasmania, are remarkably alike

in appearance, the best marked distinctions being found in the mandibles.

These, in P. sqamoensis, are strongly punctured and broadest at the base, where

they are widely deflected, and taper from before the middle to the tips without

marginal tooth or lobe. The species closely resembles the Fijian P. pacificus,

Fairm., in which the mandibles are similar but bear a very strong lateral lobe

at the base. In addition the genal processes of P. samoensis are long, nearly

parallel and separated at the base by an interval twice their own width at that

point (not more than twice, as in P. pacificus). It is rather more strongly

punctured than P. pacificus, the head and pronotum bearing moderately large

punctures and the latter a deep median groove containing close punctures.

The pronotum is a very little wider than it is long and very slightly narrower in

front than behind. The elytra bear rows of rather larger, closer and more

regular punctures. The lower surface also ig more evenly punctured, the

CLAVICORNIA AND LAMELLICORNIA. 45

metasternum scarcely more strongly at the sides than in the middle and the

abdomen well but a little more finely punctured. The antennae are very short,

the 6th to the 10th joints distinctly transverse, the 9th and 10th a little broader

and the 11th a little longer than in P. pacificus.

The specimen described by Waterhouse as the female of P. atkinsoni cer-

tainly belongs to another species. It resembles the present species more than

the actual type of the Australian P. atkinsonc.

16. Shoguna termitiformis Fairm.

Pachycephala ternutiformis, Fairmaire, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., Vol. xxvii, pt. 2, p. 5, 1883.

Shoguna polita, Arrow, Monogr. Christmas 1., p. 92, 1900.

Upolu I.: Apia, July ; Malololelei, 2000 ft., Nov.

New Britain, New Guinea, Saylee, Sumatra, Borneo, Java, Christmas [.,

Philippine Is., Seychelles Is.

This species was first discovered in New Britain and redescribed by me

from a single specimen from Christmas I., in the Indian Ocean, a locality so

distant as to render it improbable that the insects were of the same species.

Its distribution now proves to be extremely wide, and I have little doubt that

my name is redundant.

17. Inopeplus metallescens Fairm.

Ann. Soc. Ent. France, (6), Vol. i. p. 254, 1881.

Upolu I.: Apia, Nov.

Tonga. Fiji Is.

18. Laemophloeus ignotus Kess.

Arch. f. Nat., Vol. Ixxxvu, Abt. A, 6 Heft, p. 30, 1921.

Upolu I.: Apia, Nov., Dec. ; Malololelei, 2000 ft., June, Nov.

19. Laemophloeus ovalis Grouv.

Ann. Mus. Genova, Vol. xvii, p. 281, pl. 7, fig. 7, 1883.

Upolu I.: Apia, May, Nov., Dec.

Tutuila I., June (Kellers).

Porneo. Sumatra.

44 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

20. Laemophloeus pusillus Schonh.

Syn. Ins., Vol..1, 3, p. 55, 1817.

Upolu I.: Apia, Aug., ‘ Ex Mus rattus.”

An insect of world-wide distribution.

21. Psammoecus pallidipennis Blackb.

Trans. R. Dublin Soc., Vol. i, p. 144, 1885.

Upolu I.: Apia, Jan.

Hawaiian Is.

A single specimen was found. The type from Honolulu also is unique.

22. Psammoecus cruciger Wat.

Ent. Month. Magq., Vol. xiii, p. 125, 1876.

P. cephalotes, Grouv., Mém. Ent., p. 20, 1919.

P. upsilon, Blackb., Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austr., Vol. xxvii, p. 155, 1903.

Tutuila I.: Leone Road, March (Judd).

New Caledonia, New Guinea, N. Australia.

The types of the three descriptions quoted above are all in the British

Museum, and I think there can be no doubt that they are conspecific. It is

probable from the description that P. breviusculus, Reitt., is the same also.

23. Psammoecus biapicalis, sp. n. (Text-fig. 3).

Nigro-brunneus, capite antennisque rufis, pedibus antennarumque articulis

duobus ultimis pallide flavis, harum articulis 7-9 infuscatis, elytris fascia lata

communi posthumerali maculaque magna utrinque apicali; parum elongatus,

convexus, nitidus, breviter griseo-pubescens, capite lato, sat punctato, oculis

magnis; pronoto brevi, sat crebre punctato, margine antico leviter arcuato, basi

recto, fortiter angustato, lateribus rotundatis, spina longa utrinque mediana

duabusque brevioribus, tuberculis minutis anterioribus; elytris quam pro-

thoracem multo latioribus, ad humeros latis, postice rotundatis, vix attenuatis,

antice sat fortiter, postice minutius punctatis ; prosterno metasternique lateri-

CLAVICORNIA AND LAMELLICORNIA. 45

bus fortissime punctatis, hujus medio valde sulcato; antennis gracilibus,

articulis omnibus, penultimo excepto, elongatis.

Long: 2-5 mm.; lat. 1-5 mm.

Upolu I.: Vailima, Jan.; Apia, Nov., Feb. ; Malololelei, 2000 ft., June.

Tutuila I.: Leone Road, March

(Judd).

Found in abundance.

The majority of the numerous species

composing this genus have the terminal

joint of the antenna pale and preceded

by from three to five black joints. P.

biapicalis is the only one known to me,

except P. raffrayi, Grouv., in which the

last two joints are pale. It has no other

resemblance to that species, which is quite

different in colour and pattern and has

much shorter and more coarsely punc-

tured elytra, with spinose sides. The

new species resembles the Seychellean P. simoni, Grouv., but is less closely

punctured and more shining, and the antennae, in addition to their different

coloration, are much more slender. Occasional examples have the last three

antennal joints pale, but at least a trace of pigmentation is usually visible in

the 9th joint.

Tpxt-FIG. 3.—Psammoecus biapicalis, sp.

nov.

24. Psammoecus obscurus, sp. 0.

Obscure brunneus, capite, antennarum basi maculaque parva postmediana

utriusque elytri rufis, pedibus corporeque subtus fulvis: modice elongatus,

nitidus, breviter griseo-pubescens, capite laxe punctato, oculis parvis, pronoto

sat crebre punctato, parum convexo, basi haud valde contracto, leviter arcuato,

marginibus lateralibus tuberculis minutis 5 utrinque instructis ; elytris ovalibus,

fortiter convexis, grosse seriato-punctatis, humeris late rotundatis ; prosterno

metasternique lateribus profunde, his grosse punctatis, metasterni medio valde

sulcato ; antennis gracilibus, articulis omnibus, penultimo excepto, elongatis.

Long: 2:5 mm. ; lat. 1 mm.

Upolu I.: Malololelei, 2000 ft., June.

Savau I.: Rain forest, 2000-4000 {t., May (Bryan).

46 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

This species is a little more elongate than P. biapicalis, but less elongate

and smaller than P. pallidipennis. It 1s peculiar owing to its dark colour, and

especially that of the antennae, which are without the usual pale terminal

joint. It may be compared with P. signatus, Grouv. (Mysol), which is similarly

coloured, but has a pale last joint to the antenna and a red antemedian elytral

bar. P. obscurus is smaller, more convex and more shining than that species,

with less closely punctured thorax and more coarsely punctured elytra, the

latter with more rounded shoulders. The eyes are unusually small but very

prominent.

It is perhaps permissible to mention here an unfortunate mistake which

has occurred with regard to another species of this genus. In describing

Psammoecus decoratus, Grouvelle has given its habitat as Shembaganur, in

Southern India. This was evidently due to a too hasty reading, upon the

label of the type specimen (in the British Museum), of the name Samboangan,

which really belongs to a locality in the Philippine Islands.

25. Cryptamorpha desjardinsi, Guér.

Icon, Regne Anim., Ins., p. 196, 1838,

Upolu I.: Apia, July (Wilder).

Savaii I.: Safune, May (Bryan).

Tutuila [.: Amaul, March (Judd).

Fiji, New Zealand, New Caledonia, Hawanan Is., W. Indies, St. Helena,

Madeira, Japan, Mauritius.

26. Monanus concinnulus Walk.

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), Vol. u, p. 207, 1858.

Emporius signatus, Frauenf., Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien, Vol. xvii, p. 438, 1867.

Upolu I.: Apia, July (Wilder).

A single specimen, probably introduced. The insect is found in all parts

of the world.

27. Monanus, sp.

Tutuila I.: Leone Road, March (Judd).

One specimen of a species related to the Hawatian MW. brevicornis, Blackb.

CLAVICORNIA AND LAMELLICORNIA. 47

28. Silvanus unidentatu Oliv.

Ent., Vol. u,.18, p. 12, 1790.

Upolu I.: Malololelei, 2000 ft., June.

A single specimen. This is another cosmopolitan insect.

MYCETOPHAGIDAE.

29. Litargus vestitus Sharp.

Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1879, p. 88, 1879.

Upolu I.: Apia, Nov., Dec. ; Vailima, Jan.; Malololelei, 2000 ft., June.

This species was first discovered in the Hawanan Islands, and has not as

yet been recorded from any other locality.

30. Propalticus oculatus Sharp.

Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1879, p. 88, 1879; Scott, Fauna Hawaiiensis, Vol. ii, pt. 5, pl. 16, fig, 12.

Upolu J.: Apia, Nov., Dec., Jan.

Like the previous species, this has only been known hitherto in the

Hawanian Islands.

31. Typhaea stercorea, I.

Syst. Nat., p. 357, 17:

Upolu I.: Apia, Jan. (Wilder).

Found throughout the world.

COLYDITDAE.

32. Cicones amoenus Fairm.

Rev. Mag. Zool., (2), Vol. i, p. 52, 1850.

Upolu I.: Apia, May, June, Nov., Dec., Jan.; Mt. Vaea, 1500 ft., Dec.

Tahiti (under bark of Inocarpus edulis, according to Fairmaire).

48 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Society Is.: Raiatea (Miss Cheesman, May).

Marquesas Is.: Fatu Hiva (C. A. Collenette, on Pancratium flowers, Feb.),

Hiva Oa, 300 ft. (C. A. Collenette, Jan., at light).

33. Colobicus parilis Pasc.

Journ. of Entom., Vol. i, p. 202, 1860.

Upolu [.: Apia, Feb.

Hawaiian Is., Moluccas, Malayan Region, India, China, Australia.

Only a single Samoan specimen has been found.

34. Bitoma siccana, Pasc.

Xuthia siccana Pasc., Journ. of Hnt., Vol. ii, p. 128, pl. 8, fig. 1, 1863.

Bitoma siccana, Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), Vol. iv, p. 193, 1909.

Tutuila [.: Leone Road, Sept. (Swezey and Wilder).

Moluccas, Philippine Is., Malay Peninsula, India, Seychelles [s., etc.

35. Bitoma, sp.

Tutuila I. : Fagasa, Sept. (Swezey and Wilder).

A single specimen of an unidentified species was found under rotten bark.

36. Neotrichus latiusculus Fairm.

Ditoma latiuscula Fairm., Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (6), Vol. i, p. 255, 1881.

Neotrichus latwusculus Arrow, Ann. Maq. Nat. Hist. (8), Vol. iv, p. 193, 1909.

Upolu I.: Apia, March, July, Oct., Dec. (Swale); Malololelei, 2000 ft.,

April, June.

Tutuila I. : Pago Pago, Oct. (Swezey and Wilder).

Fiji [s.: Viti Levu (R. Veitch).

37. Colydodes samoensis, sp. n. (Text-fig. 4).

Fuscus, opacus, pedibus antennisque rufescentibus, setis cinereis parum

dense vestitus, subcylindricus, angustus, pronoto parum minute granulato,

CLAVICORNIA AND LAMELLICORNIA. 49

longitudinem ad latitudinem aequali, lateribus fere parallelis, minute denticu-

latis, angulis anticis prominentibus, posticis obtusis, pone marginem anticum

profunde transversim impresso et late triangulariter

excavato, cavitatis apice post medium attingenti, 4

”

Ps

margine antico medio leviter concavo, utrinque paulo

producto, postice quadrilobats ; elytris fortiter haud

crebre seriato-punctatis, basi leviter concavo, humeris

fere rectis, lateribus parallelis, apice paulo attenuato.

Long. 5°5 mm.; lat. max. 1°5 mm.

Upolu I.: Malololelei, 2000 ft., June. 4

Only a single specimen was found. Two non-

American species, C. wallace: Pasc., (Mysol) and

C. setosus, Reitt. (Sumatra), have previously been

assigned to this genus. The new one differs considerably

from both, but most resembles C. wallacez, the other aN

having a median undivided lobe to the front margin deseceid. 1 Cohydeddes

of the pronotum. C. samoensis is rather smaller and samoensis, Sp. NOV.

more elongate than C. wallace, the two anterior lobes

of the pronotum are small and widely separated, the discal impression is much

larger and wider, its apex reaching past the middle of the pronotum, the front

angles are not divergent, the hind angles are blunter, the elytra are a little

more than twice as long as the prothorax, more distinctly punctured than in

C. wallace, and with finer setae. The antennae are short, but a little less

thick and compact than those of C. wallacev.

The name Colydodes, published by Motschulsky in 1855, was rejected by

Sharp (Biol. Centr.-Amer., Col., Vol. u, pt. 1, p. 447) in favour of Distaphyla,

five years later in date, on the ground that it was undescribed by Motschulsky.

The description is certainly entirely inadequate, and the only definite feature

mentioned (and referred to in the misleading specific name gibbiceps, which

Sharp has adopted) is attributed to the wrong part of the body; but, as no

standard of adequacy, by which the validity or otherwise of a description can

be judged, has ever been proposed, it does not seem to me to be possible to

ignore even this, since it is possible to recognise the insect.

Iv. l 4.

50 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

38. Colydodes denudatus, sp.n. (Text-fig. 5).

Niger, nitidus, pedibus antennisque rufescentibus ; nudus, subcylindricus,

angustus, pronoto quam latitudinem paulo longiori, lateribus fere rectis, antror-

sum leviter divergentibus, angulis anticis prominentibus, posticis rectis, basi

arcuato, disco utrinque longitudinaliter

elevato, fortiter punctato, antice pro-

ducto, longe bilobato, lobis rotundatis,

minute setosis, ad capitis marginem anti-

cum attingentibus ; elytris grosse seriato-

punctatis, humeris paulo productis, fere

inquinatis ; corpore subtus fortiter haud

crebre punctato, segmento ultimo ventrali

profunde arcuatim impresso.

Long. 3-5 mm. ; lat. max. 0:75 mm.

Upolu I.: Apia, Nov. 1924.

Savai I.: Lower forest, 1000-2000

{t., Safune, May (Bryan).

Text-Fia. 5.—Colydodes denudatus,

sp. nov.; A, lateral view of the : A : :

anterior part. A single specimen was found in each

island.

This is a small and very peculiar species, differing from all its allies by the

absence of the fine bristly setae with which they are clothed. These are here

represented only by a few minute hairs upon the two prothoracic processes.

The pronotum is coarsely punctured, with a smooth median line which dilates

anteriorly into a flat, oval, drumlike .area, which extends forward considerably

in front of the anterior angles. On either side of the flat median area the

surface is elevated, and the production of these raised parts forms a pair of

strong dorsal horns extending forward as far as the front margin of the head.

The sides are nearly straight, but diverge slightly to the prominent front angles.

The elytra are 25 times as long as the prothorax from base to front angles, and

coarsely pitted in regular longitudinal rows. ‘The basal margin is concave, in

correspondence with the rounded base of the pronotum, and the shoulders.

form slightly hooked prominences fitting into an emargination of each hind

angle of the thorax.

CLAVICORNIA AND LAMELLICORNIA. 51

39. Nematidium posticum Pasc.

Journ. of Ent., Vol. i, p. 133, 1863.

Upolu I.: Apia, May, Jan.; Vailima, Jan.

Tutuila I.: Pago Pago, Dec.

; Tafua Volcano (Swale).

This has only previously been recorded from Borneo.

40. Pycnomerus nitidicollis Reitt.

Penthelispa nitidicollis Reitt., Stett. Ent. Zeit., Vol. xxxviui, p. 350, 1877.

Upolu I.: Apia, Nov. ; Malololelei, April.

Ceylon.

Four specimens were found. It is not impossible that these belong to

another very closely related species, but a longer series is necessary to determine

whether this is so, or whether P. nitidicollis, only previously recorded from

Ceylon, is a widely distributed and somewhat variable form.

41. Hystricones vagans, sp. n. (Text-fig. 6).

Rufo-brunneus, singulo elytro macula transversa nigra antemediana alia-

que anteapicali ornato, antennis pedibusque rufis, corpote spinis haud brevibus

palidis ubique irregulariter hispido, oblongo-

ovalis, modice latus, pronoto brevi, scabroso,

lateribus deplanatis, grosse serratis, leviter

arcuatis, angulis haud acutis, margine antico

late lobato, elytris sat crebre seriato-punctatis,

quam latitudinem vix parte tertia longioribus,

lateribus fere parallelis.

Long. 2 mm. ; lat. max. 1 mm.

Upolu I.: Vailima, 600 ft., Oct.

Two specimens were found. The genus

was formed for a single Central American

species, and the occurrence of a second so

widely separated from it is an interesting fact.

Their close relationship cannot be doubted, for

cy

mans

TEXT-FIG. 6.—Hystricones vagans,

sp. Nov.

it extends not only to the almost identical character of the peculiar spines

studding the surface, which are not pointed but truncate at the ends, but even to

52 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

the pattern of red and black. H. vagans is smaller than H. armatus Sharp, and

rather more short and compact, with shorter legs, which are not spiny like those

of the American species. The lateral margins of the pronotum are strongly

serrate and fringed with spines, as in H. armatus, but not narrowed behind,

and the elytra are shorter, more parallel-sided, rather less convex, and bear

large, closely set punctures in longitudinal rows. The pattern of the elytra is

similar to that of the typical species, but an anterior band is not traceable and

the antemedian black spots are not united. Probably, however, the pattern

is variable. The sides of the metasternum are strongly punctured and the

4th sternite is very short.

42. Ocholissa humeralis Fairm.

Rhizophagus humeralis Fairmaire, Rev. et Mag. Zool., Vol. uu, p. 55, 1850.

Upolu I.: Apia, May ; Malololelei, 2000 ft., June.

Tutuila I.: Fagasa, Leone Road (Swezey and Wilder), Sept., in rotten

bark.

Tahiti (Fairmaire), Moluccas, Java, Borneo, Ceylon, Madagascar.

This widely distributed species was found in abundance.

43. Ocholissa vidua, sp. n.

Nigra, nitida, pedibus antennisque fusco-rufis; elongata, subcylindrica,

capite et pronoto sat fortiter punctatis, oculis sat magnis ; pronoto subquadrato,

longitudine ad latitudinem aequali, lateribus fere rectis, retrorsum perpaulo

convergentibus, marginibus antico et postico etiam fere rectis, angulis anticis

rotundatis, posticis rectis, disco utrinque pone basin profunde impresso, elytris

sat fortiter seriato-punctatis, modice convexis, basi fere recto, lateribus sub-

parallelis, corpore subtus fortiter punctato, antennarum articulis tribus ultimis

subaequalibus.

Long. 2-2-5 mm. ; lat. max. 0-75 mm.

Upolu I.: Apia, May, Nov.; Malololelei, May, in rotten trees.

Tutuila I.: Leone Road, Sept., in rotten bark (Swezey and Wilder).

This appears most to resemble a South African species, O. capensis, Grouv.,

but it differs in having the terminal joint of the antenna shorter, the prothorax

CLAVICORNIA AND LAMELLICORNIA. 53

less broad, etc. From O. humeralis and all other known species it differs in the

colour being entirely black, except for the dark red legs and antennae. It may

also be distinguished from O. humeralis by its rather less elongate shape, larger

eyes, more quadrate prothorax, with nearly straight sides, only feebly converging

behind, and less rounded front and hind margins, more convex and more

strongly punctured elytra, with straighter basal margins, less exposed extremity

of the abdomen and more strongly punctured lower surface.

44. Cerylon testaceum Fairm.

Rev. et Mag. Zool., Vol. ii, p. 53, 1850.

Upolu I.: Apia, April.

Tutuila I.: Pago Pago, Sept. (Swezey and Wilder).

Tahiti (Pradier).

Although Fairmaire’s description is in some respects inadequate, it will in

all probability be found that this is the insect recorded by him from Tahiti.

45. Philothermus, sp.

Tutuila I.: Pago Pago, Sept. (Swezey and Wilder).

A single specimen of an unidentified species.

CRYPTOPHAGIDAE.

46. Hapalips samoensis, sp. n. (Text-fig. 7).

Testaceus, parum dense griseo-pubescens, parvus, angustus, sat planus,

capite subtiliter punctato, oculis parvis, minute granulatis ; pronoto longitudine

fere ad latitudinem aequali, minute sat crebre punctato, lateribus fere rectis

atque parallelis, marginibus anticis et posticis leviter arcuatis; elytris crebre

sat minute seriato-punctatis ; prosterno metasternoque sat fortiter et aequaliter

punctatis ; pedibus sat robustis, tibiis apice haud fortiter dilatatis ; antennis

brevibus, articulis omnibus, ultimo excepto, transversis.

Long. 3 mm.; lat. 0-75 mm.

Tutuila I.: Fagasa, Sept. (Swezey and Wilder).

54 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Three specimens were taken from a Nutmeg tree. They show a close

affinity to the Tropical American H. filum, Reitt. Like the latter, the present

is a small pubescent species of narrow shape, with

small eyes. The eyes of H. samoensis, however,

are more finely facetted than those of H. filum,

and the tibiae are much less dilated at the end.

The punctures on the head and pronotum are

finer and more numerous, and the latter is a

T little shorter, being scarcely as long as it is

broad. The front and hind margins are gently

and evenly rounded, and the lateral margins nearly

straight. The antennae agree almost exactly with

those of H. jilum, except that they are a very

little shorter.

The occurrence of this genus is interesting.

Its numerous species are nearly all confined to

Texr-n1e. 7.—Hapalips Tropical America, but one has been found in New

samoensis, Sp. NOV. Zealand, one in Ceylon, one in Madagascar, and two

in the Seychelles.

PHALACRIDAE.

Two specimens of an unknown species belonging to this family were found

at Malololelei. The late Mr. G. C. Champion, who made a study of the family

and examined these specimens, was not able to say whether they belong to any

recognised genus.

EROTYLIDAE.

Monothallis, gen. nov.

This genus is formed for Thallis samoensis Heller, T. perplexa Blackh.

(Queensland), and 7. xanthosticta Crotch (Gilolo, etc.), which differ from all

other HRoryiipar known to me in the character of their stridulating apparatus.

I have already referred to this in a recent paper dealing with the subject of

stridulation (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 135, 1924), in which the structure is

CLAVICORNIA AND LAMELLICORNIA. 55

figured. It consists of a narrow longitudinal elevation upon the posterior part

of the head, lying partly within the cavity of the prothorax. This ridge is

divided transversely into a large number of microscopic ridges, which by in-

and-out movements of the head scrape a sharp corresponding ridge inside

the cavity and so set up vibrations, no doubt of a mote or less musical character,

although in so small an insect they may not be easily audible to the human ear.

I have described an apparatus essentially similar in other genera of

EROTYLIDAE, but in all of these there are two files, one on each side of the head.

Usually they are rather widely separated. In the typical species of the genus

Thallis (T. compta and T. vinula of Erichson) the apparatus is absent. In a

third species, 7. janthina, associated with them by Erichson, two converging

but well separated files are present, and in 7’. nsueta Crotch, the two files are

close together. These and other species allied to them will no doubt ultimately

be formed into new genera.

47. Monothallis samoensis Heller (‘Text-fig. 8).

Thallis samoensis, Heller, Arch. f. Naturg., Vol.

Ixxxiv, 1918, p. 61, 1920.

Upolu I.: Apia, Oct.; Mulifanua, Nov.

Fiji Is. (Jepson), Loyalty Is. New

Hebrides (Aneityum).

This is an abundant insect, which lives

and feeds upon woody tree-fungi, specimens

having been bred out of one of these in the

Botanical Department of the British Museum

so long ago as 1859. According to Dr. Heller,

it is found also in New Pomerania in the

Bismarck Archipelago.

TEext-F1¢. 8.—Monothallis

samoensis Heller.

48. Euxestus basalis Motsch.

Tritomidea basalis Motsch., Etudes Ent., Vol. viii, p. 106, 1859.

Upolu I.: Apia, Dec. to Feb.

Tutuila I.: Pago Pago, Sept. (Swezey and Wilder).

56 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Hawauan Is., Malay Archipelago, Burma, Ceylon, N. Queensland, Sey-

chelles Is., W. Indies, Central America.

A minute insect, which probably occurs everywhere near tropical sea-

coasts. It was found beneath the leaf-bases of Coco-de-mer (Lodoicea) in the

Seychelles by Dr. H. Scott, and has been imported into France in cargoes of

Ground-nuts (Arachis) from West Africa.

In my lately-published volume in the Fauna of British India (Krotylidae,

etc., 1925, p. 150) I referred to this species as Huxestus parki Woll., but, after a

re-examination of the type, which is unfortunately in very bad condition, I

have formed the opinion that that name most probably belongs to the closely

similar species called by me in the same volume E. translucidus.

49. Eidoreus minutus Shp.

Trans. R. Dublin Soc. (2), Vol. 11, p. 146, 1885.

Upolu I.: Apia, Sept. (Swezey and Wilder).

Hawatian Is., Seychelles Is.

Three examples of this very tiny iasect were taken from amongst Bermuda

orass. It was originally discovered in the Hawaiian Is., and afterwards found

in the nests of an ant (Pheidole punctulata) in the Seychelles. In recording it

from the latter locality in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (9), Vol. x, p. 77, 1922,

I expressed the opinion that it would prove to be of wide occurrence. Its

extremely extensive distribution is now evident.

ENDOMYCHIDAE.

50. Trochoideus desjardinsi Guér.

Rev. Zool., 1838, p. 22, 1838.

Upolu I.: Apia, Jan.

Fiji Is. ; Malay Archipelago, Burma, India, Ceylon, Mauritius, Madagascar,

Seychelles Is.

A single specimen was found in Samoa. The insect is a very strange but

common one, which has been found in the nests of both Ants and Termites.

CLAVICORNIA AND LAMELLICORNIA. 57

COCCINELLIDAE.,

51. Neda tricolor, F.

Coccinella tricolor F., Mant. Ins., p. 59, 1787 ; Archaioneda tricolor Crotch, Rev. Coccin., p. 169, 1874.

Tonga Is.: Nukualofa, Feb., Mar. ; Tongatabu (J. J. Lister).

This is the typical three-coloured phase of the species, which is apparently

absent in Samoa.

N. tricolor, var.

Upolu I.: Apia, July, Aug. (Armstrong).

Sava I.: Safune, May (Bryan).

The red patches are absent from the elytra in this phase, which is therefore

not tricolorous.

N. tricolor, var. fiyiensis Crotch, l.e.

Tutuila I., June (Kellers).

Manua Group: Tau, Feb. (Judd).

Fiji Is.

In this variety the black markings also are absent from the elytra, with the

exception of a narrow sutural border.

52. Chilomenes samoensis, sp. n. (Text-fig. 9, A. and B.).

Niger, nitidus, capite, pronoti lateribus late margineque antico angusto

pallide flavis, elytrorumaue macula mediana sanguinea et altera subapicali

Trext-Fieg. 9—A, Chilomenes samoensis, sp, nov.; B, C. samoensis var. tutuilensis, var. nov.

58 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

flava: late ovalis, sat crebre et minute punctulatus,. elytrorum epipleuris vix

ad metasterni partem quartum latitudine attingentibus, femoribus ad margines

attingentibus, metasterno antice haud anguste lobato.

Long. 3-5-4-5 mm. ; lat. max. 3-3-5 mm.

Upolu I.: Apia, Dec., Mar.; Malololelei, 2000 ft., Mar., June; Mulifanua,

July (Wilder).

C. samoensis, var. tutuilensis, nov.

Fusco-brunneus, pronoti medio nigro, lateribus elytrorumque maculis et

margine angusto externo flavis.

Tutuila I., 1000-1200 ft., July, Oct. (Kellers).

This very distinctively decorated species appears to me to be best placed

in the genus Chilomenes, from the shortness of its antennae, the absence of

hollows beneath the front angles of the pronotum, etc. It is a small species of

broadly oval shape, with only slightly dilated lateral margins to the elytra, the

femora just reaching the outer edge. The ground colour is black, with the

head pale yellow, broad lateral margins of the same colour to the pronotum,

joined by a narrow line along the front margin, the elytra decorated with a

blood-red nearly round spot on each in the median line and not far from the

suture, and a pale yellow spot, of similar size but usually rather more oval shape,

im the apical angle.

The variety tutuilensis I at first supposed to be merely an immature con-

dition, but as the examples were found both in July and October and no repre-

sentative of the typical form was encountered upon the island of Tutuila, I have

little doubt that it is really a local race. The pale sides of the thorax are not

united along the front margin, the elytra are not black but chocolate-brown,

with a paler basal and external border, and the spots are all of the same yellow

colour and oval in shape, larger than in the type form and approaching each

other rather closely.

53. Coelophora maequalis I’.

Coccinella inaequalis, F., Syst. Ent., p. 80, 1775.

Upolu I.: Apia, Feb. to May, Aug., Sept., Oct.; Malololelei, 2000 {t.,

Apr., June, July, Nov.; Falelatai, June; Mulifanua, Nov. ; Leulumoega, Sept.

(Swezey and Wilder).

CLAVICORNIA AND LAMELLICORNIA. 59

Savaii I.: Fagamalo, Aug., Nov. ; Safune, 1000-2000 ft., May (Bryan).

Tutuila I.: Pago Pago; Amauli; Leone Road, Sept. (Swezey and Wilder).

The species ranges from Hongkong and the Malay Peninsula to North

Australia and the Hawaiian Is.

54. Coccinella transversalis IF’.

Spec. Ins., Vol. i, p. 97, 1781.

Upolu I.: Apia, Feb., Sept. (Swezey and Wilder); Aleipata, Lalomanu,

Apr., May, Nov.

Savaii I.: Fagamalo, Feb.

Tutuila [.: Pago Pago; Amauli, Sept. (Swezey and Wilder).

Tonga Is.: Nukualofa, Feb. ; Neiafu, Vavau, March.

Ellice Is.: Funafuti, Sept.

This was taken feeding upon Aphidae on Cucurbitaceous plants. The

species ranges from India and China to Australia.

55. Epilachna 28-punctata F.

Coccinella 28-punctata F., Syst. Ent., p. 84, 1775

Upolu I.: Apia, Feb., May, Sept., Oct., Dec. ; Malololelei, 2000 ft., Feb.,

Apr., Oct. (Armstrong) ; Aleipata, Lalomanu, Nov.; Falelatai, June.

Savau I.: Safune, April (Bryan) ; Salailua, May (Bryan).

Tutuila I.: Leone Road; Amauli, Sept. (Swezey and Wilder); 760-

1200 ft., Apr., Aug., Dec. (Kellers).

Tonga Is. : Nukualofa, Feb.

This phytophagous Coccinellid has an even wider range than the two fore-

going species.

DERMESTIDAKE.

56. Dermestes vulpinus I.

Spec. Ins., Vol. 1, p. 64, 1781.

Upolu I.: Apia, June.

A single specimen was found of this insect, which is abundant throughout

the world, infesting bones and other dried animal substances.

60 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

57. Orphinus terminalis Sharp.

Cryptorrhopalum terminale Sharp, Trans.

R. Dublin Soc. (2), Vol. iii, p. 150, 1885.

Orphinus terminalis Arrow, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), Vol. xv, p. 438, 1915.

Upolu I. : Apia, Sept. (Swezey and Wilder).

Hawaiian Is.

A single example occurred at Apia. The species was only known previously

as Hawaiian.

LAMELLICORNIA.

LUCANIDAE.

58. Aegus upoluensis, nom. nov. (Text-fig. 10).

Alcimus dilatatus, Wat., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1875, p. 163, 1875; Boil., op. cit., 1913, p. 258,

pl.9; fie. 35-1913.

The name Alcimus dilatatus belongs to an insect from Wallis Island,

described and figured by Fairmaire, and I have given a new name to the

TEXxtT-FIG. 10.— Aequs wpoluensis, nom. nov.

of the male.

Samoan species described by Waterhouse

and figured by Boileau under the same

name. THairmaire’s type is a single female

which has been assumed, as I believe,

without sufficient reason, to belong to

the Samoan species. I have not been

able to discover in Aegus wpoluensis even

the features mentioned by Fairmaire as

distinguishing his genus Alcimus. The

female of the present species does not

correspond in shape with Fairmaire’s

figure, nor is the elytral striation or the

puncturation of the metasternum as

described by him. A. upoluensis is most

sharply distinguished from the two allied

species which here follow by the occur-

rence of two teeth, an upper and a

lower one, at the base of the mandible

Upolu I.: Apia, June, Sept., 1918 (Swale) ; Lotopa, Mar., 1917 (Swale).

CLAVICORNIA AND LAMELLICORNIA. 61

59. Aegus swalei, sp. n. (Text-fig. 11).

Niger, nitidus, ovalis, paulo convexus, capite ad oculos lato, elytris bre-

vibus, parallelis, prosterno inter coxas constricto, postice paulo carinato, meta-

sterno antice v1x producto :

§, capite post oculos haud dentato, mandibulis planatis, apice recurvatis,

basi dente inferiori apice truncato munito,

elytris brevibus, haud profunde striatis :

2, capite et pronoto ubique fortiter

punctatis, hoc medio leviter sulcato, elytris

fortiter striatis, strus haud punctatis, inter-

vallis vix punctatis.

Long. (sme mandibulis): ¢ 17 mm.,

211 mm.

Lat. max. ¢ 9 mm., 2 11 mm.

Upolu I.: Apia, June to Sept. (Swale).

A specimen of each sex was taken by

Dr. Swale. Although agreeing with A. upo-

luensis in its rather oval outline and convex

form, as well as in the broadly rounded hind

angles of the thorax and parallel-sided elytra,

it has many well-marked points of difference.

The mandibles are flattened and curve strongly upwards, and, instead of an upper

and lower tooth, one above the other, near the base, have a single strong

blunt lobe at the same point; the ocular lobe forms a strong projection on

each side of the head; the front angles of the thorax are scarcely produced,

the elytra are still shorter, only very lightly striate, the first stria breaking up

into irregular points and the 5th and 7th only feebly indicated, the interstices

are very finely and closely punctured (a little more strongly, but still finely, at

the sides and apices), the prosternum is narrowed between the coxae and

rather carinate behind them and strongly punctured. The middle legs are

closer together, the metasternum scarcely produced between them, the sides

less strongly punctured, the punctures not linear in shape and not extending

to the base. The round depression at the middle of the base is not well

defined. The front tibiae are broader and bear stouter external teeth.

The male (type) specimen is no doubt a small representative of the species,

TEext-Fic. 11.—Aegus swaler,

Sp. nov.

62 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

since the female, which is undoubtedly conspecific with it, having all the above

differential characters except those of the mandible, is considerably larger.

In it the mandible has a sharp tooth near the middle, the head is strongly and

subrugosely punctured, with a deep transverse impression on each side in front

of the eye, the pronotum is strongly but not densely punctured, with a very

narrow smooth median line bordered by larger punctures, and the elytra are

very deeply striate, with the intervals still more lightly punctured than in the

male.

60 Aegus tutuilensis, sp. n. (Text-fig. 12).

Niger, nitidus, ovalis, paulo convexus, capite parum lato, elytris parallelis,

apice paulo productis, processu prosternali haud carinato, metasterno antice

perspicue attenuato :

g, capite post oculos utrinque minute

dentato, mandibulis planatis, basi dente

subacuto inferiori munito, elytris profunde

striatis.

Long. (mandibulis inclusis): 22-5 mm.

(mandibulis exclusis) 19 mm.

Lat. max. 9-9-5 mm.

Tutuila, Dec. (Kellers); July (Swezey

and Wilder).

Three males of similar development

were taken. This species closely resembles

A. upoluensis in its general appearance,

size, form and sculpture, but differs in the

absence of the upper tooth from the man-

dible of the male and the greater develop-

eee yinly ear a ment of the lower tooth, which is rather

an sharp. The anterior half of the mandible

is not attenuate, and the tip is very blunt.

The front and middle coxae are the same distance apart as in A. upoluensis,

and the metasternum has the same form and sculpture.

The female is unknown, and it is probable that the male reaches a higher

degree of development than is represented by the three specimens found.

SE ee eres

CLAVICORNIA AND LAMELLICORNIA. 65

61. Figulus auritus, sp. n. (Text-fig. 13).

Piceus, laevissimus, nitidus, leviter pruimosus, modice elongatus, capite

Jaevi, utrinque tri-tuberculato, lateribus angulatis, angulis antice productis :

pronoto lato, lateribus antrorsum convergentibus,

angulis anticis sulco lato laevi marginatis, disco

antice medio minute dentato, postice longitudi-

naliter sulcato, elytris fortiter punctato-striatis,

intervallis vix convexis.

Long. (mandibulis inclusis) 14-17 mm.

Lat. max. 5-5-6-5 mm.

Upolu: Apia. June to Sept. (Swale).

Four specimens were taken by Dr. Swale.

As usual in this genus, no external sexual difference

is visible.

F. auritus is nearly related to F. foveicollis,

Boisd., which inhabits the Fiji Is., but has

numerous points of difference. The specimens

taken by Dr. Swale are deep reddish-black (but

nowhere quite black) in colour, with a_ slight

iridescent bloom on the upper surface, which is extremely glossy. The head

is very smooth, with only extremely minute scanty punctures. On each side

there are three tubercles forming a triangle, the outermost formed by the inner

eye-wall, the second in line with the last and the third level with the front edge

of the eye. The ocular lobes are angular, as in F. fovercollis, but, instead of

bemg produced outwards, as in that species, they are produced forwards, the

outer margin being almost straight, but rounded behind the eye and not angular

there, as in Ff’. fovercollis. The pronotum is very short and broad, with the

widest part near the base, whence the sides converge forwards. The front

angles form blunt lobes with a broadly hollowed margin. The marginal groove

is much broader than in JF. foveicollas and almost smooth, onlv a few minute

punctures being traceable in its inner portion. There is a minute sharp tooth

just behind the front margin in the middle and a median groove upon the

posterior part, scarcely reaching the base and containing a few small punctures.

Trext-Fic. 13—Figulus

auritus.

The remaining surface of the pronotum is smooth, except for a few minute

punctures at the sides. The elytra are decidedly narrower than the pronotum

64 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

and not very long. They are not quite so deeply striate as those of F. fovercolls,

and the intervals are a little broader and flatter. The apical angles are closely

punctured. The prosternal process has a flattened margin surrounding a

rounded boss, and the metasternum is less strongly and closely punctured at

the sides than that of the Fijian species.

614. Figulus fissicollis Fairm.

Revue et Mag. Zool., Vol. i, p. 414, 1849.

Tonga Is.: Vavau, Neiafu, March.

Four specimens were collected.

618. Figulus foveicollis Boisd.

Platycerus foveicollis Boisd., Voyage de V Astrolabe, Coleopt., p. 239, 1832,

Tonga Is. : Vavau, Neiafu, March.

One specimen was taken together with those of the preceding species.

SCARABAEIDAE.

APHODIINAE.

62. Aphodius lividus Oliv.

Scarabaeus lividus, Oliv., Entom., Vol. 1, pt. 3, p. 86, 1789.

Upolu I.: Malololeljei, 2000 ft., June, Nov.; Apia, Sept. (Swezey and

Wilder).

Savau I., Aue.

Tonga Is.: Nukualofa, Feb.

This is an extremely abundant insect, of worldwide distribution.

63. Ataenius orbicularis Schm.

Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Vol. Ixxxix, p. 697, 1914; Das Tierreich, Aphodunae, p. 433;

1922.

Upolu I.: Apia, May, Nov.

Hawaiian Is.

CLAVICORNIA AND LAMELLICORNIA. 65

West Indies: Grenada.

Central America.

Although formerly supposed to be a species peculiar to Samoa, this was

afterwards found by Schmidt to have been previously known from Central

America but confused with A. liogaster Bates.

64. Trichiorrhyssemus hirsutus Clouet.

Mem. Soc. Ent. Belg., Vol. viii, p. 28, 1901.

Upolu I.: Apia, Mar., Aug., Nov.

Tutuila I.: Pago Pago, April (Kellers).

Savat I.: Fagamalo, Nov.

Celebes, Philippine Is., Malay Peninsula, Christmas I., Chusan Archipelago,

Ceylon, 8S. India.

HYBOSORINAE.

65. Phaeochrous emarginatus Cast.

Hist. Nat., Vol. 1, p. 109, 1840.

According to Schmidt (Arch. f. Nat., 88, 10, p. 158, 1922), three specimens ~

were taken by Dr. Friederichs in Upolu. I have seen no Samoan examples,

but the insect is extremely abundant and ranges from the Malay Peninsula to

Australia. r

RUTELINAE.

66. Adoretus versutus Har.

Coleopt. Hefte, Vol. v, p. 124, 1869.

Upolu I.: Apia, Jan., Apr., May, June, July ; Malololelei, 2000 ft., Nov.

Tonga Is.: Nukualofa, Feb.; Vavau, Neiafu, Mar.

Fiji Is., Java, Seychelles Is., Mauritius, Ceylon, India.

The damage to crops in Samoa caused by this beetle is the subject of a

special report by Friederichs (Zeits. Wiss. Insectenbiol., Berlin, Vol. x, 2,

pp. 41-47, 1914). It is a pest of Cacao and many other crops.

Iv. 1 9)

66 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

DYNASTINAE.

67. Oryctes rhinoceros L.

Scarabaeus rhinoceros L., Syst. Nat., p. 346, 1758,

Upolu I.: Apia, March, May.

Tutuila I., Dec. (Kellers).

Celebes, Ceram, Amboyna, Sumatra, Java, Malay Peninsula, Philippine

Is., China, Siam, India, Ceylon.

This is the well-known Black Coconut-beetle or Rhinoceros Beetle, one of

the two common pests of the Coconut-Palm throughout the East. The insects

tunnel into the soft wood at the growing point of the tree, and are said to

deposit their eggs there. The larvae feed upon any decomposing vegetable matter.

CETONIINAE.

68. Oxycetonia versicolor F.

Cetonia versicolor, F., Syst. Ent., p. 51, 1775.

Upolu I.: Apia, Feb., Mar., May, Oct., Dec.

India, Ceylon, Mauritius, Madagascar.

The curious distribution of this insect evidently indicates its mtroduction

from India or Ceylon in fairly recent times.

LIST OF TEXT-FIGURES

1. Platysoma cavicauda, sp. nov.

2. Prostomis samoensis, sp. nov.; A, left mandible further enlarged.

+ 3. Psammoecus biapicalis, sp. nov.

4. Colydodes samoensis, sp. nov.

5. Colydodes denudatus, sp. nov.

6. Hystricones vagans, sp. nov.

es 7. Hapalips samoensis, sp. nov.

8. Monothallis samoensis Heller.

3 9. A, Chilomenes samoensis, sp. nov.; B, C. samoensis var. tutuilensis, var. nov.

» LO. Aegus wpoluensis, nom. nov.

3, ll. .,;°, -swaler, sp.nov.

» 12. ,, tutudlensis, sp. nov.

» 135. Figulus auritus, sp. nov.

se x)

ASTMEN aX

He ner ork ee

PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY _

WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED,

_ LONDON AND BEOCLES.

INSECTS OF SAMOA

AND OTHER SAMOAN oe

ARTHROPODA

PROPOSED ARRANGEMENT —

Orthoptera and Dermapitera.

» Il. Hemiptera. |

»» III. Lepidoptera.

» 1V. Coleoptera.

» .. Hymenoptera.

» MI. Diptera.

» WII. Other Orders of Insects.

VIL.

Terrestrial Arthropoda other than Insects.

The work will be published at intervals in the form of numbered fascicles.

Although individual fascicles may contain contributions by more than one

author, each fascicle will be so arranged as to form an integral portion of one or

_ other of the Parts specified above.