INSECTS OF SAMOA
AND OTHER SAMOAN TERRESTRIAL
ARTHROPODA
Although a monograph, or series of papers, dealing comprehensively with
the land arthropod fauna of any group of islands in the South Pacific may be
expected to yield valuable results, in connection with distribution, modification
due to isolation, and other problems, no such work is at present in existence.
In order in some measure to remedy this deficiency, and in view of benefits
directly accruing to the National Collections, the Trustees of the British
Museum have undertaken the publication of an account of the Insects and other
Terrestrial Arthropoda collected in the Samoan Islands, in 1924-1925, by
Messrs. P. A. Buxton and G. H. E. Hopkins, during the Expedition of the
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine to the South Pacific.
Advantage has been taken of the opportunity thus afforded, to make the studies
as complete as possible by including in them all Samoan material of the groups
concerned in both the British Museum (Natural History) and (by courtesy of
the authorities of that institution) the Bishop Museum, Honolulu: 3
It is not intended that contributors to the text shall be confined to the
Museum Staff or to any one nation, but, so far as possible, the assistance of the
leading authorities on all groups to be dealt with has been obtained,
The work is divided into nine “Parts ’’ (see p. 3 of wrapper), of which
the first eight are subdivided into “‘Fascicles.’’ Each of the latter, which
appear as ready in any order, consists of one or more contributions. On the
completion of the systematic portion of the work it is imtended to issue a
general survey (Part IX), summarising the whole and drawing from it such
conclusions as may be warranted.
A list of Fascicles already issued will be found on pp. 3 and 4 of this wrapper.
E. E, AUSTEN,
Keeper of Entomology.
British Museum (Natura. History),
CroMWELL Roap, 5.W.7.
INSECTS OF SAMOA
Part II. Fase. 3
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA
By W. E. Cuina, B.A. Cantab.
(With 28 Text-figures.)
THE present fascicle deals with the whole of the Heteroptera with the exception
of the Miridae, which are being worked out by Dr. H. H. Knight, and the aquatic
families, which have already been dealt with by Prof. Teiso Esaki in Fascicle 2.
Previous to Esaki’s paper only five species of Heteroptera had been
recorded from the Samoan Islands. The first of these was the Coreid Muictis
crux described by Dallas (List Hemipt. Het. Brit. Mus., 11, p. 405) in 1852, when
the group was known as the Navigators Islands. The second was Noliphus
discopterus, a new Coreid species described by Stal in the third volume (p. 87)
of his splendid Enumeratio Hemipterorum, in 1873. In the fourth volume of
the same work (p. 146, 1874), Stal described still another Samoan species, the
Lygaeid Bedunia insularis. Thirty years later Schouteden (Wytsm. Gen. Ins.,
XxIv, p. 31, 1904) recorded, without remark, the fourth species Calliphara
bifasciata A. White, which was already known to occur in the “South Sea
Islands.” In the same work Schouteden also recorded Coleotichus excellens
Walk. as occurring in Samoa, but it is most probable that this record actually
referred to the fifth species, which Schouteden (Notes Leyden Mus., xxix,
p- 207, 1908) later described from Samoan material under the name Coleotichus
bulowr.
The present contribution deals with sixty species representing forty-six
genera and one subgenus, so that, including the ten aquatic species recorded by
Hsaki, the known Samoan Heteropterous fauna (apart from Miridae), amounts
to seventy species belonging to fifty-one genera. As shown in the following
table, these figures are not unlike those of the known Heteropterous fauna of
I. 3
82 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
the Fiji Islands, which has, fortunately, been monographed by Kirkaldy (Proc.
Innn. Soc. N.S. Wales, xxxili, pp. 345-381, 1908).
CoMPARISON OF FrstAN AND SAMOAN Hetreroprerous FAUNAE.*
Common
Fiji. Samoa. | Fiji only. sane toFijiand] Total.
y Samoa.
Family. gen. | sp. | gen.| sp. | gen.| sp. |gen.|] sp. | gen.] sp. | gen.| sp.
Plataspidae Lae esi Va) eal 1
Cydnidae . IIPS regs hea ome Ue ea | Dee ales 1
Pentatomidae PD a Ba Aa 25) 5 7s) 6-ieti ae
Coreidae cis Mantis ete Sid Ae Delia Gelliny Gli sae
Dysodiidae 4 E Dial Oa Dalia wk Wee eed eB 23 6a 10
Berytidae . 1 BM ei at a We ie fates ese a 1
Lygaeidae 13. ).20.) 12. )18))) 62) 133) 4 1058) 8 18 esi
Colobathristidae Lal Teale 1 1
Pyrrhocoridae Ly 2 2 ene 2
Tingitidae . Ba, 20) et eB ee Bad ahead 6 6
Henicocephalidae LS Lie2 1 2
Reduviidae 10-12) eT TA Ae | 6 260 9b) ears
Nabidae 2 ee ig eal iatesealai ilu Ree Deis 2 ve 5
Cimicidae . ie ralnse 1a ee 1 ial en 1 1
Anthocoridae nT li LO Se 1 1
Gerridae QD GD a ine Mavala Dim sibeslis Sih cl 3 7
Veliidae Males Lis Wale 1 Laesal 1 2
Gelastocoridae Teed Asi 1 1
Notonectidae 13 Tee} 1 3
Totals 2 . | 62} 75 | 51 | 70 | 26 | 48 | 13 | 38 | 38 | 32 | 77 | 118
Of the forty-eight existing Heteropterous families, only twenty (including
Miridae) have so far been recorded from Fiji and Samoa, but these include all
the more important groups. The apparent absence of the Gelastocoridae,
Notonectidae and Cimicidae from Fiji, and of the Anthocoridae, Henicocephalidae
and Colobathristidae from Samoa, will no doubt be disproved by further col-
lecting, although it is possible that the last two families may actually be absent
from Samoa. The apparent absence of the Corixidae from both faunae is
remarkable, and it is interesting to recall that this family is also represented by
only two species in New Zealand, where, according to Dr. J. G. Myers, suitable
aquatic conditions are not abundant.
* Excepting Miridae.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 83
It will be noticed from the table that although the total number of species
in each fauna is approximately the same, the number of genera represented in
Fiji is far superior to that in Samoa, while there are twice as many Fijian genera
which do not occur in Samoa as there are Samoan which do not occur in Fiji.
It would be unwise to draw definite conclusions from scanty material
accumulated during a few years of haphazard collecting, but on the whole the
table tends to show that the Samoan fauna is actually an impoverished replica
of that of Fiji. Specific endemism is, however, comparatively high, twenty.
eight out of the total of seventy species being apparently peculiar to Samoa,
while three endemic genera and one subgenus, also occur.
The following table indicates the distribution of the Samoan species dealt
with in this paper :—
3 £ 2 3 4 Other localities.
8 a =| Shales
MiP la |s | &
Family PLATASPIDAE.
1. Brachyplatys pacificus Dall. . : ii) 2S) SX x | Tonga, Wallis Is., Marianne
Is., and Austro-Oriental
. Subregion.
Family CyDNIDAE.
2. Geotomus pygmaeus Dall. : : ex x | Tahiti, Raiatea, Hawaii,
; and Oriental Region.
Family PENTATOMIDAE
3. Calliphara bifasciata White. Bilan Keele x
4. Coleotichus biilowi Schout. —. : DailliGe, Sal es
5. Coleotichus sordidus Walk. Sal DX x Is. of Pines, Marquesas,
Society Is., New Hebrides.
6. Cantheconidea cyanacantha Stal . | xX | xX | Xx x
7. Platynopus melacanthus Boisd. : x |x |X |X |X | Society Is. and Austro-
Oriental Subregion.
8. Pegala biguttula Hagl. x x
9. Glaucias samoanus, sp. nov. x
10. Piezodorus rubrofasciatus F. x x Tahiti, Raiatea, and whole
; Palaeotropical Region.
Family CorEIDAe.
11. Mictis profana¥. . : : : SU ex x | Friendly Is. and Austro-
Oriental Subregion.
12. Leptoglossus australis ¥. : : x x | Tahiti, Bora Bora, and
Austro - Oriental — Sub-
region.
13. Leptocorisa varicornis F.. : - |X |X ]xX |X | X | Tonga and whole Oriental
Region.
84
INSECTS OF SAMOA.
16.
. Noliphus discopterus Stal
. Melanacanthus margineguttatus Dist.
Riptortus insularis, sp. nov.
Riptortus insularis obscurus var. nov.
. Riptortus tutuilensis, sp. nov. .
. Leptocoris insularis Kirk.
Family DysopimpaAE.
. Mezwa membranacea ¥. .
. Chiastoplonia pygmaea, sp. nov.
. Pictinus pacificus, sp. nov.
. Clenoneurus samoanus, sp. nov.
. Carventus kirkaldyt, sp. nov.
Family BeryTIDAE.
. Protacanthus pacificus, sp. nov.
Family LyGArIDAg.
. Pyrrhobaphus leucurus ¥.
. Nesostethus niger, sp. nov.
. Graptostethus nigriceps Stal
. Nysius pacificus, sp. nov.
9. Germalus samoanus, sp. nov.
. Germalus burton, sp. nov.
. Neocrompus kellersi, sp. nov. .
. Clerada apicicornis Sign.
. Orthaea pacifica Stal
|. Orthaea limbata Stal
. Orthaea nagriceps Dallas .
. Orthaea nietnert Dohrn
. Orthaea ventralis, sp. nov.
. Orthaea puberula, sp. nov.
. Bedunia insularis Stal .
. Bryanella longicornis, sp. nov..
. Aphanus insularis Kirk..
Cligenes swezeyt, sp. nov.
Cligenes swezeyt var. major, nov.
Poles: |i 6 a ce
ey cep eel illus |listem: Other Localities.
ae es = ia ees Wea
niPlaAa|]sa | -&
x
x New Zealand and N. Aus-
x | X x tralia.
x
x x
x x
SE le inex Whole Oriental Subregion.
x
x x
x x
x
x x
x x | Austro-Oriental Subregion.
‘* Salmoa|’’
xa <a < | Guam Is., Ascension Is.,
and Austro-Oriental Sub-
region.
x New Hebrides.
x x x
x x
x
x x | Society Is., Hawaii, and
Holotropical Region.
Cis alae [Call OX Tahiti, Raiatea, Bora Bora
(Hawaii ?).
x x x | Niue (Savage Is.).
Sil | SC Gua Tahiti, Raiatea, Hawaii,
New Zealand and N.S.
Wales.
x | xX x | Oriental Region,
KAI ADS
x x
x x x
x x
x x
x x
x
43.
44,
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA.
Bee se Hes cana a
3 3 | 3 ie Meg Other Localities.
B i 5 = =
ND =) a = <a
Family PyrrHocoripar.
Dysdercus insularis Stal Sale SCANS < | Manono (Samoa).
Dysdercus impictiventris Stal . SO |X x | Niue (Savage Is.).
Family TinGITqpag.
Idiocysta hackeri, sp. nov. x
Family RepDuvIDAE.
Gardena pacifica Kirk. x x
Gardena geniculata, sp. nov. x
Luteva insolida B. White x Marquesas, Hawaii.
Luteva subaequalis M. and M. . x Philippines.
Empicoris rubromaculatus Blackb. x <x | Tropical and Subtropical
America, Madeira, Aus-
tralia, New Zealand, and
Hawaii.
Empicoris, sp. 3 : i x
Empicoris (Dictynna) nitidicollis, sp.
nov. : : é x
Polytoxus similis, sp. nov. Shull ox x %
Sastrapada hopkinsi, sp. nov. . x
Oncocephalus pacificus Kirk. x x
Peregrinator biannulipes Montr. s< x C. America, Réunion, Rodri-
guez, Philippines, New
Caledonia.
Family Napipag.
Arbela costalis Stal : SOTO Mex arti
Arbela costalis var. flavicollis, nov. . x x
Reduviolus capsiformis Germ. x1 x xx x || Cosmopolitan.
Reduniolus annulipes, sp. nov. XX
Family CimiciDAs.
Cimex hemipterus Fabr. . x Ethiopian, Mascarene,
Oriental, and Neotropical
Regions.
An analysis of the above table shows that the Samoan fauna is composed
of five main groups of species made up as follows :—
1. Species of Holotropical or Palaeotropical distribution
2. Species of Oriental or Austro-Oriental distribution *
6
10
* The Austro-Oriental region as here understood includes the lesser Sunda Islands east of
Wallace’s line, Celebes, Gilolo, Sula Is., Bouru, Ceram, Aru, N. Guinea, N. Australia and Queens-
86 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
3. Species restricted to Fiji and Samoa sy ; : %: ; , : ia al
4. Provisionally endemic species : : é : ; : : or 20
5. Species of general distribution in the Bache ; ; é : ‘ ; Bae
Considering these in turn, most of the holotropical species have probably
been introduced within historical times through the agency of man. Cimex
hemipterus has been carried by man himself, and Clerada apicicornis, which is
apparently an inquiline in the nests of various rodents, has probably been
carried by rats and mice. The widely distributed Oriental and Austro-Oriental
species are probably of very early origin, and have migrated from the west
either over a former land connection which existed during late Mesozoic times
between Papua and New Zealand, or later by the agency of winds and currents,
over a long period of time. The comparative richness of the Fijian and Samoan
fauna, and the number of closely allied endemic forms to which these austro-
oriental species have obviously given rise, strongly favours the existence of a
land connection, at least over the greater part of the distance, and migration
doubtless took place by both these methods. A considerable number of those
species which are restricted to Fiji and Samoa have been directly evolved from
the Austro-Oriental migrants, and must have originated in the Fijian group,
whence they have migrated to Samoa. That the endemic Samoan species
should appear to be so numerous is probably the result of insufficient knowledge
of the Fijian fauna, but it may be accounted for in part by the assumption that
a number of western migrants arrived by a course to the north or to the south
of Fiji. The occurrence of the common and widely distributed oriental Mezira
membranacea in Samoa and its absence from Fiji favours this assumption.
There is, too, some evidence from the distribution of the Hemiptera that
the fauna of both groups of islands received some migrants from the south,
probably from New Zealand. The Dysodiidae (Aradidae sens lat.), which are
typically forest insects, and reach their greatest development in South and
Central America, also occur very abundantly in New Zealand, although the
species are as yet undescribed. It is, indeed, quite probable that the New
Zealand Dysodiidae have been derived from Patagonia, and the fact that this
land, Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Is., New Hebrides, New Caledonia, and Loyalty Is. The
Philippines, except Palawan, are regarded as a distinct subregion. The Malaysian subregion
includes the Malay Peninsula south of 10° N., Sumatra, Java, Bali, Borneo, Palawan, and adjacent
islands. The Indo-Chinese subregion includes the southern slopes of the Himalayas, Burma,
Tenasserim, Assam, Siam, Cambodia, Cochin China,. Laos, Annam, Tonkin, Southern China,
Hainan and Formosa.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 87
family is extraordinarily well represented in Fiji and Samoa by no less than
ten species is very suggestive.
The following table showing the world-wide specific distribution of the
Samoan genera will give some idea of the relationships of the Samoan fauna.
It should be remembered, however, that our knowledge of the distribution of
the Heteroptera 1s still fragmentary, and that the region in which a genus reaches
its greatest development is not necessarily the place of origin. Generally
speaking, the table clearly shows that the Samoan fauna is most closely related
to that of the Austro-Oriental subregion, and has obviously been derived from it.
The numbers of Polynesian species are printed in heavy type for easy
comparison.
Australasian. Oriental. African. Palaearctic. American.
cI 2 3 Basle [88 g
Samoan Genera. z é 3 d 2 sales g les 2 8 54 a 8 § a, Fs
B/E | S-[ 8 |s161 8 |S] 2 leslofisegigets| =];
Brachyplatys 27 2 Gy Ghar 10) a3
Geotomus . ; 1 A AN atte 3 Bit veel lea cd Hoyer Whe Bas a | 6 1,7; 14]1
Calliphara ‘ 1 | 13] 11 |2)5
Coleotichus ‘ 1 3/ 8] 3 1
Cantheconidea De hie) tee leopards ie 1
Platynopus Te Oe a2 14
Pegala 2/ 3 1
Glaucias Ae MS cD ealenlh Qiu abcd)
Piezodorus : ee te Me et Pe Ge Pe ee a Re 3
Mictis . : SAG: [RAG 74: Dialed
Leptoglossus Py 2 TALE Ya eet beak 9} 28} 1
Leptocorisa Peo OFA Aol Sy Bete 20 ol eae 2,
Noliphus . Si Aaland
Melanacanthus, . I spaat ab
Riptortus . 1/38; 8] 2;4)]3] 3 ea 2
Leptocoris . Pe Oe Ae Saou Te lord 1 hae
Mezira Qo Qu eta On A tee Sue Oct Aste -9 1) 4) 2771
Chiastoplonia 1
Pictinus Tee Med 1 1 2 1} 13
Ctenoneurus : TW td So) al 2
Carventus Tee ve 1 5
Protacanthus 1 a al is)
Pyrrhobaphus PSE ee al
Nesostethus 4 | 2
88 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
Australasian. Oriental. African. Palaearctic. American.
: € ‘ belie ag| 2
Samoan Genera. e mel lie 5 : : 2 : a3 a 32 a 4
glals|/8/S 18 18/48 $| 8 |Sslssiseleals| 2
Sio|a |e F | ee le | Ss . | 0) 3 IS SIS B/S |s5)-3)] 2] 2
Graptostethus 3 fad) 35) 1 BZ Ad eeZeted ised, al
Nysius SnOdoleoah eae 2 1 1 4|3 3 10 ha el ieay 3)
Germalus. . : 1) 45 1 2
Neocrompus 1
Clerada. : 7 ee WU tees Ae | Valea eal gd 1
Orthaca. : Dey i) 2S) Si) 28) 25.51 6) Boal aS Wd Ae sakersel sian Sale omen
Bedunia aleeele li ule 1
Bryanella . 1
Aphanus . 2 S| 2 SE 6007 hb Pale |. 38) WG nba 25 eae ali
Cligenes . ; Sb bold 7A WT es TR al NL ll
Dysdercus 2) 44) bs) Gal 2s Ss) Bf Ts) 5 2) 7 | 29
Idiocysta . 1
Gardena. : De leoie al 2)1 2 bead A) Meas Lael 4 fd 0
Iuteva wile 2 2 a see | Sule)
Empicoris . SELON ema Ost eal fron Aes lg Oops a) AS 9a 2 Gali eo,
Dictynna . 1
Polytoxus . ae nos Kp BV SS soe 2
Sastrapada Lo a Onl 4) 1 2
Oncocephalus #12.) A616 Vb Ba 2a Ss |) 2 Sts del 48
Peregrinator ze fe BR ae 1 1 if
Arbela ; 1 2 1
Reduviolus of 28 bole 5 6.) 4.1589) oa Sal 2116 |22 | 3 j22/19)|3
Cimex : : Ley rk Qed We Doe Bea 2 22 Nba 5 1] 2 6} 1
Family PLATASPIDAE Dallas.
1. Brachyplatys pacificus Dallas.
Brachyplatys pacifica Dallas, List Hemipt. Brit. Mus., I, p. 70, 1851.
B. intacta Walker, Cat. Heteropt. Brit. Mus., I, p. 106, 1867.
B. cupreata Walker, tom. cit., p. 107, 1867.
Upolu :—Apia : 15 specimens, x.1924, 1 specimen, iv.1924, and 1 specimen,
x1.1924 ; 1 specimen, 26.v.1924 (Bryan); Malololelei: 1 specimen, 9.vi.19264 ;
Lalomanu: 4 specimens, x1.1924.
Savail :—Fagamalo: 1 specimen, xi.1925 ; Savau, 1,000 ft., 2 specimens,
21.x1.1925 ; Safune: Rain Forest, 2,000—4,000 ft., 5 adults and 4 larvae, v.1924
(Bryan) ; Salailua: Lower Forest, 1,000-2,000 ft., 1 specimen, v.1924 (Bryan).
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 89
Tutuila :—Pago Pago: 2 specimens, 2.x11.1924; 1 specimen, 16.iv.1924
(Bryan); 4 adults and 3 larvae, 29.1x.1923 (Swezy and Wilder) ; Afono Trail:
1 adult and 1 larva, 25.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); Amauli: 1 specimen,
3.1x.1923 (Bryan).
This species has been recorded from Fiji, Tonga, Wallis Is., the Marianne
Is., and also from Gilolo and Sula Is. in the Austro-Oriental Subregion.
Family Cypnipae Billberg.
2. Geotomus pygmaeus (Dallas).
Aethus pygmaeus Dallas, List. Hemipt. Brit. Mus., 1, p. 120, 1851.
Cydnus rarociliatus Ellenrieder, Nat. Tidsskr. Ned. Ind., XXIV, p. 139, pl. 1, fig. 7, 1862.
Aethus nanulus, Walker, Cat. Heteropt. Brit. Mus., I, p. 162, 1867.
Aethus splatysomoides Walker, tom. cit., p. 163, 1867.
Aethus omucron Walker, op. cit., III, p. 534, 1868.
Cydnus pallidicornis Vollenhoven, Faun. Ind. Neerl., p. 17, 1868.
Geotomus jucundus Buchanan White, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4), XX, p. 110, 1877.
Geotomus subtristis Buchanan White, tom. cit., p. 111, 1877.
Geotomus apicalis Horvath, Termész. Fiizet., III, p. 143, 1879.
Aethus palliditarsus Scott, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1880, p. 309.
Geotomus pygmaeus Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, (6), III, p. 51, t. 3, fig. 160, 1883.
Geotomus pygmaeus Kirkaldy, Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc., I, p. 145, 1907.
Geotomus pygmaeus Cheesman, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 154, 1927.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, 1.1925, 1 specimen, 10.11.1924, 3 specimens,
111.1924, 4 specimens, iv.1924, 1 specimen, v.1924, 1 specimen, x.1924, 11 speci-
mens, x1.1924, and 3 specimens, xu.1924; Malololelei: 1 specimen, iv.1924,
and 1 specimen, x1.1924 (2,000 ft.).
Savail :—Salailua : 1 specimen, 19.v.1924 (Bryan).
Tutuila :—760-900 {t., 2 specimens, iv.1918, 1,000 ft., 2 specimens,
25.vill.1918, centre of Island, 900-1,200 ft., and 1 specimen, 30.vi.1918 (Kellers) ;
Pago Pago: 0-300 ft., 3 specimens, iv. 1918 (Kellers).
Recorded from India, Burma, Ceylon, Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Cochin-
China, China, Japan, New Caledonia, Fiji, Tahiti, Raiatea, and Hawaii.*
It is doubtful if all these records refer to the same species. The Cydnidae
are a difficult group, and several species may have been confused. ‘The Samoan
specimens, however, have been compared with Dallas’ type, labelled India, and
* Kirkaldy (Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 349, 1908) states that this species was
introduced into Hawaii in the soil attached to plants, and suggests that this accounts for its
extensive distribution.
90 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
agree very well. The above synonymy, which is given to enable students of
the Pacific fauna to trace this species in literature, is based on that of Lethierry,
Severin and Distant, and is not necessarily accurate.
Family PENTATOMIDAE.
Subfamily ScuTELLERINAE.
3. Calliphara (Lamprophara) bifasciata (White).
Calliphara bifasciata A. White, Charlesworth’s Mag. Nat. Hist., (2), U1, p. 541, 1839.
Callidea bifasciata A White, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., U1, p. 85, 1842.
Callidea quadrifera Walker, Cat. Heteropt. Brit. Mus., II, p. 514, 1868.
Calliphara (Lamprophara) bifasciata Stal, Enum. Hemipt., UI, p. 16, 1873.
Lamprophara bifasciata Schouteden, Wyts. Gen. Ins., XXIV, p. 31, pl. 2, fig. 1, 1904.
Typical form : *—
Upolu :—Malololelei, 2,000 ft.: 1 specimen, 10.11.1924, 1 specimen, 18.1v.1925,
2 specimens, 14-30.vi.1924, 1 specimen, vii.1924; 1 specimen, 23.iv.1922, and
2 specimens, 20.v1.1924 (Armstrong).
Tutuila :—Pago Pago: 1 specimen, 30.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).
Variety quadrifera Walker :—
Upolu :—Malololelei: 2 specimens, 18.iv.1925; 2,000 ft., 3 specimens,
14-30.vi.1924, 2 specimens, vii.1924, 2 specimens, 28.xi.1924; 3 specimens,
20.v1.1924, and 4 larvae, 23.1v.1922 (Armstrong).
Savaii :—Mulifanua : 1 specimen, 9.x1.1925 ; Safune: 1 specimen, 13.v.1924
(Bryan).
Tutuila :—Pago Pago: 1 specimen, 30.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); 1
larva, 12.iv.1924 (Bryan). Leone Road: 1 larva, 7.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ;
760-900 ft., 1 adult and 1 larva, iv.1918 (Kellers) ; 1,200 ft., 1 larva, 21.vu.1918
(Kellers).
Recorded from Fiji and Samoa.
In the Samoan material var. guadrifera Walker, is represented only by
females, and the typical form only by males. In the Fiji material in the British
Museum only var. quadrifera is present, but both sexes are included.
The Samoan specimens differ from the Fiji examples in the dark fuscous venter,
and in the indistinctly limited fuscous spot at the middle of the scutellum, and
may represent a distinct race. The original locality given by White was, South
Sea Islands.
* This is the form figured by Schouteden and accepted by Kirkaldy as typical. In the
original description, however, White does not mention the brown, median, pronotal band.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 91
4. Coleotichus (Epicoleotichus) bulowi Schout.
Coleotichus (Epicoleotichus) excellens (Walk.) Schouteden (partim), (Wytsm. Gen. Ins., XXIV,
p. 6, 1904.
Coleotichus (Coleotichus) Biilowi Schouteden, Notes Leyden Mus., XX1X, p. 207, 1908.
Upolu :—Apia: 2 specimens, vi.1924, 1 specimen, iv.1925; Malololelei:
1 specimen, 24.11.1924, 2 specimens, 22.111.1924, 2 specimens, 2,000 ft., 17.iv.1925,
1 specimen, 21.iv.1925.
Savaii :—4 specimens (W. von Billow. Type material in Leyden Museum).
Tutuila :—Pago Pago: 1 specimen, 14.1x.1923 (Steffany).
Only recorded from Samoa, but closely resembles C. excellens Walk., which
occurs in Australia and New Caledonia. In his original description Schouteden
refers this species to his subgenus Coleotichus, but this was apparently a slip,
since it agrees more closely with his subgenus picoleotichus, and he himself
states that C. biilowi is most closely allied to C. excellens Walk., which he refers
to Epicoleotichus. Indeed, the record of C. excellens as occurring in Samoa
(Schouteden, Wytsm. Gen. Ins., XXIV, p. 6, 1904) almost certainly refers to
C. bulowi and is therefore not included in the present list.
5. Coleotichus (Paracoleotichus) sordidus (Walker).
Coleotichus sordidus Walker, Cat. Heteropt. Brit. Mus., 1, p. 1, 1867.
Coleotichus ngrovarius Stal (nec Walk.), Hnwm. Hemipt., U1, p. 4, 1873.
Coleotichus (Paracoleotichus) sordidus Schout., Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungarici, U1, pp. 320 and 355,
1905.
Coleotichus (Paracoleotichus) sordidus, Schout., Wyts. Gen. Ins., Heteropt., fasc. XXIV, p. 6,
pl. 1, fig. 1, 1904.
Coleotichus sordidus Cheesman, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1927, p. 154.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, 18.1x.1920, and 1 larva, 14.v1.1924 (Armstrong) ;
1 specimen, v.1924, and two specimens, x.1925 ; Malololelei: 1 specimen, 2.vii.1924
(Armstrong) ; 1 specimen, 20.iv.1925.
Tutuila:—1 specimen, 30.vi.1918 (Kellers); Pago Pago: 1 specimen,
14.1x.1923 (Steflany) ; 1 specimen, 25.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ; Afono Trail :
1 larva, 25.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).
Recorded from Isle of Pines, Fiji, Marquesas Is., Society Is., New Hebrides
and doubtfully also from New Caledonia and Australia (fide Kirkaldy). The
specimens from the Marquesas and Society Is. agree very well with the type,
which is from the Isle of Pines. The Fijian specimens show slight differences
92 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
from the typical form, and more nearly approach C. nigrovarius Walker. It is
possible that C. nigrovarius is merely the Fijian race of C. sordidus.
Subfamily AsoprnarE (AMYOTEINAE).
6. Cantheconidea cyanacantha (Stal).
Canthecona cyanacantha Stal, Enum. Hemipt., I, p. 42, 1870.
Cantheconidea cyanacantha Schouteden, Wyts. Gen. Ins., Heteropt., fasc. 52, p. 45, 1907.
Canthecona cyanacantha Kirk., Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 347, 1908.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, 7.i11.1924, 1 specimen, 28.iv.1925, and 1 speci-
men, x.1925, 1,000 ft. ; Malololelei : 1 specimen, 25.11.1924, 2.000 ft. ; 1 specimen,
1v.1924.
Savail :—Safune : 1 specimen, Lower Forest, 11.v.1924 (Bryan).
Tutuila :—1 specimen, 1,000 ft., 25.vili.1918 (Kellers).
Previously only recorded from Fiji.
7. Platynopus (Montrouzierellus) melacanthus (Boisd.).
Pentatoma melacanthum Boisduval, Voy. Astrolabe, Ent., I, p. 628, pl. 2, fig. 7, 1838.
Pentatoma fallenvi Guérin, Voy. Coquille, Zool., I, p. 165, pl. 11, fig. 8, 1838.
Heteropus melacanthum Montrouzier, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, (4), I, p. 61, 1861.
Acanthomera melacantha Montrouzier, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon., (2), XI, p. 226, 1864.
Platynopus melacanthus Mayr, Reise Freg. Novara, Hemipt., p. 32, 1866.
Platynopus tenellus Walker, Cat. Heteropt. Brit. Mus., I, p. 127, 1867.
Canthecona apicalis Vollenhoven, Faun. Ind. Neerl., LI, p. 6, pl. 1, fig. 3, 1868.
Canthecona biguttata Vollenhoven, Faun. Ind. Neerl., III, p. 8, pl. 1, fig. 6, 1868.
Platynopus melacanthus Stal., Enum. Hemipt., 1, p. 40, 1870.
Platynopus (Acanthomera) melacanthus Schouteden, Wyts. Gen. Ins., fasc. 52, Heteropt., p. 48,
pl. 3, fig. 10, 1907.
Platynopus melacanthus Kirkaldy, Proc. Innn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 347, 1908.
Platynopus (Montrouzierellus) melacanthus Kirkaldy, Cat. Heteropt., I, p. 11, 1909.
Platynopus melacanthus Cheesman, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1927, p. 155.
Upolu :—Apia: 3 specimens, 19.11.1923, 8.11., and 14.vi.1924 (Armstrong) ;
3 specimens, 14.vi.1924, x.1924, and 1.1925 ; Malololelei: 4 specimens, 2,000 ft.,
22.11.1924, 15.vu.1924, and xii.1925; Aleipata: 1 specimen, iv.1924; Leulu-
moega: 1 specimen, 14.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).
Savai :—Safune: 1 adult and 2 larvae, 12.v.1924 (Bryan).
Tutuila :—2 specimens, 760-1,000 ft., iv. and 13.x.1918 (Kellers) ; Leone
Road: 1 specimen, 7.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); Fagasa: 1 specimen, 9.1x.1923
(Swezey and Wilder); Pago Pago: 2 specimens, 9 and 30.1x.1923 (Swezey and
Wilder), 2 specimens, 4.x1.1925, and 2 specimens, 14.x11.1925.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 93
Manua :—Tau: 1 specimen, 27.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).
Apparently widely distributed over the 8. Pacific and recorded from the
Molluccas, New Guinea, New Caledonia, New Hebrides, Loyalty Is. (Lifu),
Woodlark Is. (Murua), Solomon Is., Fiji and Society Is. (Tahiti and Bora Bora).
This species is known to feed on lepidopterous larvae, and on several
occasions Mr. Hopkins himself has seen specimens sucking caterpillars of the
butterfly Atella exulans.
Subfamily PENTATOMINAE.
8. Pegala biguttula Haglund.
Pegala biguttula Haglund, Stettin Ent. Zert., X XTX, p. 159, 1868.
Pegala biguttula Kirkaldy, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 349, 1908.
Upolu :—Apia: 9 specimens, 14.vi.1924 (Armstrong), 1 specimen, 1x.1924 ;
Aleipata: 1 specimen, iv.—v.1924.
Previously recorded from Fiji.
9. Glaucias samoanus, sp. n. (Text-fig. 1).
Colour.—More or less uniformly grass-green shading to emerald-green,
eyes grey, ocelli yellowish-white, lateral margins of head immediately in front
of eyes (broadly), posterior margin of eye, first segment of rostrum, the entire
lateral margin of pronotum, including reflexed carina (narrowly), basal third
of costal margin narrowly, and connexivum, bright yellow; anterior lateral
margins of juga brown; antennae, apex of tylus, labrum, second, third, and
fourth rostral segments, bright red; the tarsi reddish-brown ; apical half of
claws, apex of rostrum and extreme posterior lateral angles of abdominal segments
black. Sternum, disc of venter, including basal tubercle, coxae and trochanters,
yellow ; rims of spiracles white ; femora and tibiae yellowish-green. Membrane
colourless hyaline, dorsal surface of abdomen emerald-green ; apices of tibiae
and tarsi covered with reddish-brown hairs.
Structure.—Head above finely, transversally rugose, more or less punctate
between the ocelli; underside smooth and shining, ocelli more than four times
as far from one another as from the eyes. Length of head compared with width
including eyes 9: 11. Relative lengths of antennal segments 25 : 50 : 65 : 78 : 75.
Bucculae more than six times as long as gula, sinuate in outline, extending
nearly to base of head. Rostrum extending on to third (second apparent)
ventrite, relative length of segments 42: 75:65:55. Pronotum and scutellum
94 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
distinctly but finely rugosely punctate, hemielytra finely punctate. Lateral
margins of pronotum slightly convex, disc only moderately convex ; mesosternal
carina moderately elevated, thickened posteriorly ; metasternum elevated in a
broad rounded ridge ; basal abdominal tubercle moderately large conical extend-
ing between posterior coxae to metasternal ridge.
Male and female genital segments figured.
Somewhat variable in size, the following are typical measurements :
Total length including membrane: 3 17 mm., 9 17-5 mm. Length of
Tpxt-Fia. 1.—Glaucias samoanus, sp. n.: a, terminal view of male
pygophor, showing parameres ; b, ventral view of female genital
plates.
scutellum: ¢ and 9 7 mm. Width of scutellum at base: g and 2 6 mm.
Width across humeral angles: gd and 9 9 mm.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, 1,000 ft., x.1925, 1 specimen, 16.xi.1925 ;
Malololelei: 2 specimens (including ¢ type), 2.vii.1924 (Armstrong), 1 specimen,
20.1v.1925, and 1 specimen, 2,000 ft., 28.x1.1924.
Kasily distinguished from all other species of the genus by the entirely
bright red antennae, and the red rostrum and tarsi; also by the rather unusually
pronounced rugose puncturation.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 95
Cimex rubrofasciatus Fabricius, Mant. Ins., 11, p. 293, 1787.
Cimex hybneri Gmelin, Syst. Nat. (ed. XIII), p. 2151, 1789.
Raphigaster oceanicus Montrouzier, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, (2), XI, p. 224, 1864.
Piezodorus rubrofasciatus Stal, Svensk. Vet.-Ak. Handl., VII, no. 11, p. 32, 1868.
Prezodorus hybnert Kirkaldy, Cat. Hemipt. Het., I, p. 1386, 1909, full synonymy given.
Piezodorus rubrofasciatus Cheesman, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1927, p. 155.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, 21.vii.1924 (Armstrong), 1 specimen, vi.1925.
Widely distributed over the Palaeotropical Region, and extending from East
Africa through the Indian and Malayan Regions to Tahiti.
_. Kirkaldy quotes Synanthereae as food plants.
Family CoREIDAE.
Subfamily CorErnar.
11. Mictis profana (F.) f. crux Dall.
Lygaeus profana Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 211, 1803.
Mictis crucifera Leach, Zool. Misc., I, p. 92, pl. 40, 1814.
Amsoscelis abdominalis Guérin, Voy. Cog. Zool., U1, p. 176, 1838.
Cerbus crucifera H.8., Wanzen Ins., VI, p. 60, fig. 622, 1842.
Myctis profanus Westwood, Hope Cat. Hemipt., I, p. 10, 1842.
Mictis crux Dallas, List Hemipt. Het. Brit. Mus., I, p. 405, 1852.
Nematopus profana Montrouzier, Ann. Sci Phys. Nat. Agric. Indust. Lyon, (2), VII, pt. 1, p. 102,
1855.
Mictis profanus Kirkaldy, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 352, 1908.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, 20.ix.1924 (Armstrong); Aleipata, Lalomanu
1 specimen, x1.1924.
Savaii :—Safune: 1 specimen, lowlands to 1,000 ft. (Bryan).
Tutuila :—Pago Pago: 1 larva, 0-300 ft. (Kellers).
Originally described by Dallas from Samoan specimens under the name
Mictis crux ; since regarded by Distant and Dallas as a variety of the more
widely distributed Mictis profana, which is distributed throughout the Austro-
Oriental and Australasian Regions, including New Hebrides, New Caledonia,
Loyalty Is., Friendly Is., and Fiji.
96 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
12. Leptoglossus australis (F.).
Cimex australis Fabricius, Syst. Ent., p. 708, 1775.
Lygaeus australis Fabricius, Ent. Syst., VI, p. 140, 1794.
Theognis australis Mayr, Reise Freq. Novara, Hemipt., p. 104, 1866.
Leptoglossus australis Stal, Hemipt. Fabr., I, p. 51, 1868.
Leptoglossus australis Cheesman, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1927, p. 155, 1927.
Upolu :—Apia: 2 specimens, 10.xii.1921, | specimen, 18.v.1922, 1 specimen,
5.x.1922, 4 specimens, 7.x.1922, 2 larvae, 17.11.1924 (Armstrong) ; 1 specimen,
27.11.1924, 5 specimens, iv.1924, 1 specimen, vili.1924, 1 specimen, 6.11.1925 (Pest
of Cucurbits No. 723), 3 specimens, v.1925 ; Mulifanua: 1 specimen, 10.1.1923
(Armstrong).
Recorded from New Hebrides, New Caledonia, Fiji, Tahiti, and Bora Bora.
Mr. Hopkins states that this species is injurious to Cucurbitaceae.
Subfamily ALYDINAE.
13. Leptocorisa varicornis (F.).
Gerris varicornis Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 260, 1803.
Leptocorisa flavida Guérin, Voy. Coq. Ins., p. 178, pl. 12, fig. 12, 1830.
Coreus (Stenocephalus) varicornis Burmeister, Nova. Acta. Ac. Leop., XVI, Suppl., p. 298, 1834.
Myodochus varicorns Burmeister, Handb. Ent., UH, p. 325, 1835.
Leptocorisa chinensis Dallas, List. Hemipt. Het. Brit. Mus., II, p. 483, 1852.
Leptocorisa varicornis Dallas, tom. cit., p. 484, 1852.
Leptocorisa acuta Kirkaldy (nec Thunberg), Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 353, 1908.
Leptocorisa varicornis China, Bull. Ent. Research, XIV, pt. 3, p. 237, figs. 5 and 6, 1924.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, 12.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ; 2 specimens,
10.iv.1924, 1 specimen, 4.v.1924 (Armstrong) ; 1 specimen, 13.4.1925, 7 specimens,
vill.1925 (No. 763) ; Malololelei : 1 specimen, 2,000 ft., 22.11.1924 ; Leulumoega :
1 specimen, 14.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).
Savaii :—-Safune : Lowlands to 1,000 ft., 1 specimen, 1.v.1924 ; Rain Forest,
2,000-4,000 ft., 4 specimens, 2 and 4.v.1924; Lower Forest, 1,000—2,000 {ft.,
8 specimens, 5.v.1924 ; 2 specimens, 4.v.1924 (Bryan). Salailua: Lower Forest,
1,000—2,000 ft. 1 specimen, 17.v.1924, 4 specimens, 22.v.1924 (Bryan).
Tutuila :—6 specimens, 760-900 ft., iv.1918, 1 specimen, 30.vi.1918, and
1 specimen, 2,141 ft., 22.1x.1918 (Kellers) ; Pago Pago: 4 specimens, 9.1x.1923
(Swezey and Wilder) ; 5 specimens, and 1 larva, 12.1v.1924 (Bryan) ; 1 specimen,
14.x11.1925; Fagasa: 2 specimens, 9.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); Afono
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 97
Trail : 1 specimen, 25.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ; Leone Road : 5 specimens
and 1 larva, 19.11.1924 (Bryan).
Manua :—Tau: 4 specimens, 27.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).
This is the most widely distributed species of the genus, and occurs through-
out the Indian, Indo-Chinese, Malaysian, Oriental, Austro-Oriental, and
Australasian Regions, extending much farther east than the closely allied
species L. acuta, Thunb., which is apparently not found east of New Guinea.
Kirkaldy’s record of LZ. acuta for Fiji undoubtedly refers to L. varicornis, F.
Both these species are well known pests of rice in the Far Hast.
14. Noliphus discopterus Stal.
Noliphus discopterus Stal, Enum. Hemipt., III, p. 87, 1878.
Upolu :—Apia: 3 specimens, 28.x.1923, 1 specimen, 9.111.1924, and 1 speci-
men, 4.v.1924 (Armstrong); 1 specimen, 28.iv.1925, and 1 larva, vi.1924 ;
Lalomanu : 1 specimen, xi.1924 ; Tuaefu: 1 specimen, 16.1x.1923 (Swezey and
Wilder).
Recorded from Samoa. This species is closely allied to the Fijian JN.
imsularis Stal, and is probably merely a local race of that species.
15. Melanacanthus margineguttatus Dist.
Melanocanthus margineguttatus Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8), VII, p. 585, 1911.
Murperus margineguttatus Bergroth, Mém. Soc. Ent. Belg., XXII, p. 160, 1913.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, 7.x.1923, 2 specimens, 28.x.1923 ; 1 specimen,
4.v.1924 (Armstrong) ; 1 specimen, 11.1924, 1 specimen, 12.11.1924, 3 specimens,
28.1v.1924, 2 specimens, vi.1924, 1 specimen, x.1924; Malololelei: 1 specimen,
2,000 ft., 23.xi.1924.
Originally recorded from N.W. Australia. The range of this species can
now be extended to include Queensland, New Zealand, and Samoa. Stal’s
subgenus Melanacanthus must be elevated to generic rank, and is perfectly dis-
tinct from the African genus Mirperus Stal.
16. Riptortus insularis, sp. n. (‘Text-figs. 2 and 3).
Colour.—J Sparsely covered with a short pale pubescence. Deep fer-
ruginous brown, eyes, two longitudinal stripes on base of vertex behind the
ocelli, first and last segments of rostrum, extreme apices of second and
third antennal segments, gula, pro-, meso-, and meta-sterna, hind femoral
II. 3. 2
98 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
teeth, base and apex of hind tibiae and a broad longitudinal lateral stripe
down side of venter, dark brown shading to black; basal fourth of fourth
antennal segment, extreme apex of scutellum, a broad median stripe down
middle of venter (not extending on to the seventh sternite), an irreeular rather
darker longitudinal fleck on each segment of venter, in the middle of the dark
brown lateral stripe, and the connexivum fulvous yellow ; a broad stripe down
TExtT-FIG. 2.—Ripiortus insularis, sp. n.: a, dorsal view of head, pronotum and scutellum ;
b, terminal view of male pygophor.
each side of the underside of head extending on to the propleura across the pro-
acetabula and two large oval spots on the middle of the meso- and meta-pleura
respectively, bright shining yellow; the meso- and meta-pleural spots not
forming a continuous line with the lateral stripe on the head and prothorax,
and not margined with black ; lateral margins of humeral spines shining sordid
yellow; front and middle legs and middle of hind tibiae, pale ferruginous brown ;
dorsal surface of abdomen uniformly bright ferruginous brown.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 99
Structure.—Head rather elongate, as long as wide, including eyes (68 : 66),
finely punctato-rugose, ocelli prominent rather closer to one another than to
eyes ; relative lengths of antennal segments, 75 : 60:58:145 ; rostrum stretching
to base of hind coxae, relative lengths of segments 45 : 50:30:50. Pronotum
as long as broad, excluding humeral spines, the latter rather short and broad,
only moderately acute ; together with the scutellum, punctato-rugose. Corium
and clavus rather sparsely but distinctly punctate, the puncturation much less
dense than in R. obscuricornis and R. serripes F.; trapezoidal cell on corium
long and rather narrow. Posterior margin of seventh abdominal tergite (3)
more or less rectangularly produced, the actual angle rounded. Male genitalia
figured (Fig. 2, 6). Total leneth 15 mm., breadth across humeral spines 3 mm.
“J Rex
QQys
LOW
Text-Fia. 3.—Riptortus insularis, sp. n.: lateral view of head and thorax.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, 12.vii.1924, and 1 specimen, 12.x.1924 (Arm-
strong); Aleipata, Lalomanu: 2 adults (including ¢ type), and 2 larvae, x1.1924 ;
Vailutai: 1 specimen, 9.v1.1924 ; Malololelei: 1 specimen, 9.v1.1924.
Savaii :—Safune: 1 specimen, 15.v.1924 (Bryan).
Also from Fiji:—Savu Savu: 1 adult and 1 larva, 11.1922, 1 adult and
1 larva, v.1922 (H. W. Simmonds) ; Motariki: 1 specimen, v.1921 (Simmonds) ;
Cuvu: 1 specimen, 1.1.1917 (A. Veitch).
Allied to R. serrupes (= robustus Dall.), but a much smaller and more slender
species with longer head, narrower pronotum, shorter humeral spines, less
densely punctate corium, the hind tibiae fulvous yellow with base and apex
100 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
fuscous. Differs from R: obscuricornis, Dallas (=: abdominalis, Westw.) in
having the large yellow spots of the meso- and meta-pleura oval in shape (not
parallel-sided), their margins not, as they are in R. obscuricornis Dall., continuous
with each other and with those of the yellow stripe on side of head and pro-
pleuron ; also differs by the absence of the black vitta on the disc of the venter.
R. horvathi, Berger. (= R. serripes Horv. nec Fabr.), recorded from Thursday
Is., is apparently synonymous with R. obscuricornis Dall., a well-known Queens-
land species. &. insularis is probably identical with the undetermined species
recorded by Kirkaldy (Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 353, 1908) as
occurring on Mauritius bean (Mucuna atropurpurea) in Fiji.
R. insularis obscurus, var. n.
There is a female specimen from Tutuila, referable to this species, which
is much darker than typical males, and which differs in having the yellow spots
on the meso- and meta-pleura practically obsolete. The propleural stripe is
also much reduced, and there is a trace of pale subapical annulation on the
hind femur. This specimen apparently represents a distinct race.
Tutuila :—Pago Pago: 1 9 (type), 18.1x.1919 (Swezey and Wilder).
17. Riptortus tutuilensis, sp. n. (Text-figs. 4 and 5).
Colour.—9. Dark chestnut brown, densely covered with short but thick,
rather tomentose pale golden pubescence, particularly dense on the pronotum,
and giving the pronotum a pale yellowish colour. Apex of tylus, lateral margins
of head in front of eyes, and a stripe behind each eye, obscure fulvous yellow ;
eyes reddish-brown, antenna fulvous, the first segment darker, apices of first,
second, and third segments black, basal third of fourth segment yellow : under-
side of head dark brown, with a broad dull yellow stripe down each side ; rostrum
dark ferruginous brown with apex black. Pronotum appearing dull yellowish-
white, the anterior lobe (calli) and posterior margin, dark brown, lateral margins
of humeral spines glabrous shining yellow. Propleuron yellowish-grey, with
short, broad dark brown stripe behind the eye, laterad of a dull yellow spot
over base of acetabula, and the lateral margin brown. Scutellum deep fer-
ruginous brown with the apex glabrous yellow. Meso- and meta-pleura pale
brown, more or less variegated with deeper brown, the whole appearing yellowish-
grev by reason of the pubescence ; the acetabulae, posterior margins of pleurites,
and rim of odoriferous orifice dirty yellow. Pro- and meso-sterna dark brown.
Hemielytra chestnut brown, the puncturation as in R. msularis, but with a
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 101
distinct though very short golden pubescence. Legs dark brown with the
coxae, trochanters, bases of femora, front and middle tarsi, hind tibiae, except
bases and apices, pale brown, shading to yellow ; the upper side of the hind
femur obscurely mottled with dull yellow giving the superficial appearance
Text-Fic. 4.—Riptortus tutuilensis, sp. n.: a, dorsal view of head, pronotum and scutellum ;
b, hind leg.
from above of a sub-apical pale annulation. Abdomen below greyish-yellow,
finely mottled with red and pale brown; connexivum unicolorous, but with
base and apex of the fifth (fourth apparent) sternite towards lateral margin,
obscurely fuscous. Dorsum orange-brown, the sixth, seventh, eighth, and
ninth tergites darker brown; connexivum brown, the fifth tergite with an
102 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
obscure yellowish spot on apical third of its lateral margin, and with a dark
fuscous spot at base, middle and apex of its lateral margin; sixth connexival
tergite similarly but less definitely marked.
Structure.—Q. Head equilateral, robust, ocelli moderately prominent,
slightly closer to the eyes than to one another; relative lengths of antennal
segments 72:56:61:145; rostrum stretching to middle of metasternum,
relative lengths of segments 47:55:30:50. Pronotum distinctly broader
(including humeral spines) than long, the latter rather short and broad, only
moderately acute ; strongly rugosely punctate. Scutellum with disc moderately
TERZID
AA
>
—
Z
TEext-ric. 5.—Ruptortus tutuilensis, sp. n.: lateral view of head and thorax.
convex, indistinctly rugosely punctate. Corium and clavus, as in R. msularis
rather sparsely but distinctly punctate ; trapezoidal cell on corium less elongate
than in R. msularis.
Total length, 16 mm. ; breadth across humeral angles, 3-75 mm.
Tutuila :—Pago Pago: 1 9 (type), 20.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).
Also recorded from Fiji.
Wiji :—Cuvu: 1 9, 26.vi.1915 (R. Veitch).
Allied to Reptortus clavatus (Thunb.) and R. fuscus (F.), in the absence
of the bright yellow shining lateral fascia on underside of head and thorax, but
easily distinguished from both by the uniformly ferruginous dorsum, without
the black coloration on the metanotum, and on the first, second, and fourth
abdominal tergites.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 103
Subfamily Corizinan.
18. Leptocoris insularis Kirk.
Leptocoris insularis Kirkaldy, Proc. Innn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 353, 1908.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, 18.1x.1922 (Armstrong); Malololelei: 2 speci-
mens, 25.11.1924.
This species has previously been recorded only from Fiji.
Family DysopmpaE Reuter.
19. Mezira membranacea (labr.)
Acanthia membranacea Fabricius, Ent. Syst., Suppl., p. 526, 1797.
Aradus albipennis Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 118, 1803.
Aradus membranaceus Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 118, 1803.
Brachyrynchus orientalis Laporte, Hssar Hémipt., p. 54, 1832.
Aradus lugubris Boisduval, Voy. Astrolabe, Ent., 11, p. 642, pl. XI, f. 24, 1835.
Brachyrhynchus membranaceus Stal, Kongl. Svensk. Vet.-Ak. Handl., VII, no. 11, pp. 96, 1868.
Upolu :—Apia: 5 specimens and 2 larvae, 14.iv.1922 (Armstrong); 1
specimen, 10.1x.1923 and 3 specimens, 12.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); 10
specimens, 11.1924, 4 specimens, iv.1924, 8 specimens, x.1924, 1 specimen, x11.1924 ;
Malololelei : 8 specimens, 24.11.1924, 1 specimen, 22.11.1924, 4 specimens, 2,000 ft.,
12.11.1924 ; Lalomanu: 3 specimens, x1.1924; Aleipata: 1 specimen, iv.1924 ;
Vailima : 1 specimen, v1.1924.
Sava :—Safune: 4 specimens, 1, 10, and 12.v.1924 (Bryan); Fagamalo :
1 specimen, vi.1924.
Tutuila :—Pago Pago: 3 specimens, 9.1x.1923, and 1 specimen, 30.1x.1923
(Swezey and Wilder); 2 specimens, 16 and 19.iv.1924 (Bryan); 1 specimen, |
iv.1928 (Kellers); Leone Road: 1 specimen, 7.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ;
2 specimens, 29.11.1926 (Judd); Hagasa: 12 specimens, 9.ix.1923 (Swezey and
Wilder).
Manua Is. :—-Tau: 1 specimen, 20.11.1926 (Judd).
Widely distributed over the Indian, Indo-Chinese, Malaysian and Philippine
subregions.
{t is rather surprising that this species should occur so commonly in Samoa,
where one would rather expect to find the Austro-Oriental Meztra thoracoceras
Montr., which has been recorded from Papua, New Caledonia, N. Australia, and
Wij. M. membranacea, however, is easily distinguished from MM. thoracoceras
by the equally long second and third antennal segments, the third segment
being distinctly longer than the second in the latter species. |
104 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
Chiastoplonia, gen. n.
Alhed to Mezira, Am. et Serv., but differs in the following characters :
Tylus very short, extending scarcely beyond the insertion of the antennae and
not at all beyond the antenniferous teeth. Scutellum with percurrent longi-
tudinal and transverse ridges in the form of a cross. Corium very short, scarcely
extending beyond the apex of scutellum, the clavus extending distinctly beyond
the adjoining region of the corium. Membrane large and smooth without
distinct veins. Spiracles of second and third (actual) abdominal segments on
lateral edge of connexivum instead of placed ventrally.
Genotype :—Chiastoplonia pygmaea, sp. nov.
20. Chiastoplonia pygmaea, sp. n. (Text-fig. 6).
Colour—g. Head, pronotum, and scutellum dark ferruginous brown,
antennae, sternum, venter, connexivum, and legs ferruginous brown. Mem-
brane greyish, paler towards apex of clavus, shading to black towards the costal
margin.
Structure.—Head much broader than long (28 : 19), tylus indistinctly delimited
from juga, not at all produced anteriorly its apex level with the apices of anten-
niferous tubercles which are short and broad and form rectangular teeth with
the posterior side parallel to the axis of the head ; postocular spines obtuse
but not obsolete ; vertex with broad, distinct, longitudinal ridge ; antennae
about as long as head and pronotum together, the first segment strongly
incrassate, much thicker than others, about twice as long as wide, nearly equal in
width to the length of eye; second segment less strongly incrassate but much
wider at apex than at base ; third segment longest, gradually widening towards
apex ; fourth robustly fusiform the widest part nearer the apex, apical fourth
covered with long white hairs; relative lengths of segments 12:10:15:12;
rostrum scarcely extending beyond buccal groove, in which it lies, the bucculae
moderately well elevated, parallel. Pronotum twice as broad at the base as
long (60 : 29) equally broad anteriorly as long ; lateral margins carinate anterior
to humeral angles; those of posterior lobe straight, strongly converging
anteriorly ; those of anterior lobe, at first parallel then converging, at same
angle as those of posterior lobe, to anterior lateral angles; anterior margin
straight ; posterior margin moderately emarginate above base of scutellum ;
humeral angles rounded; dise of anterior lobe with a pair of large circular
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 105
rather obscure, flattened tubercles; disc of posterior lobe with an obscure
central raised area surrounded by a depressed area. Scutellum about as long
as broad, lateral margins at base subparallel, strongly elevated ; apex depressed,
lateral margins ridged ; disc with a broad median longitudinal percurrent ridge
and a less elevated, transverse per-
current ridge, the two forming the
conventional cross. Hemielytra long,
extending to the eighth (sub-apical)
abdominal tergite ; corium very short,
feebly thickened, veins not well
marked except along costal margin at
apex, basal costal lobe more or less
obsolete, its lateral margin straight,
parallel to axis of body and not ex-
tending beyond humeral angle of pro-
notum ; membrane long and_ broad,
completely filling dorsal surface of
abdomen within the connexival regions,
entirely without veins, more or less
distinctly transversely wrinkled. Ab-
domen more or less parallel sided,
very slightly widening towards apex ;
posterior lateral angles of segments of
connexivum very slightly prominent,
the lateral margins more or less per-
ai ss
f ‘ TExt-Fic. 6.—Chiastoplonia pygmaea, gen. et.
current ; spiracles of second and third sp. n.: dorsal view (legs omitted).
abdominal segments placed on lateral
edge of connexivum hear posterior angles of segment, remaining spiracles placed
ventrally on connexivum but close to its lateral margin; venter convex,
pygophor (ninth segment) and lateral processes of eighth segment feebly
prominent.
Length, 2.5 mm. Breadth across humeral angles,. 1-0 mm.
Tutuila :—Pago Pago: 1 3 (type), in rotten Hau bark (Hibiscus tiliaceus),
22.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).
106 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
21. Pictinus pacificus, sp. n. (Text-fig. 7).
Colour.—Variable in colouring, more or less uniformly dull ferruginous
brown, the antennae legs and connexivum somewhat paler. Membrane smoky
hyaline, paler at apex of corium. In the female the basal third of the con-
nexival segments especially laterally are pale sordid yellow while the anterior
half of the lateral margins is fuscous.
Structure.—Small, rather elongate. Head as long as broad across eyes,
somewhat flattened above, apex conical not bifid, tylus not constricted at the
ences
22 nari eo) 992
38 PSE
W777
Text-ric. 7.—Pictinus pacificus, sp. nov.: a, dorsal view of head, pronotum and scutellum ;
b, antenna; ¢, ventral view of abdomen, showing position of spiracles.
base, extending well beyond the juga to nearly the middle of the first antennal
segment ; antenniferous spines oblique, moderately prominent and acute ;
antennae more than twice as long as head, first segment incrassate nearly half
as wide in middle as long, second segment oval, third linear gradually thickening
towards the apex, fourth fusiform thickest towards the apex, its apical two
thirds grey with pale hairs; relative lengths of segments, g 18:11:21: 19,
2 17:10:23:19; post ocular spines absent; rostrum more or less slender
extending almost to the anterior margin of prosternum, that is just beyond
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 107
the tuberculate surface of the gula; the bucculae thin carinate, feebly elevated
and widely separated, the rostral groove consequently shallow but very broad,
and not at all completely filled by the rostrum. Pronotum (3) about one and
three-fourths wider than long in the middle (65 : 37), lateral margin sinuate, the
posterior third convex, the centre concave and the anterior third convex; the
anterior lateral angles distinctly but obtusely produced anteriorly in front of
the anterior margin which is slightly emarginate and much narrower than the
posterior margin (30:62) which is also broadly emarginate ; lateral margins
anteriorly more or less reflexed, disc tuberculate especially the posterior lobe,
calli slightly elevated, a short longitudinal ridge on each side of the anterior
lobe between the calli and the reflexed lateral margin. Scutellum triangular
the sides almost straight, slightly concave towards apex and equal in length to
the base; lateral margins slightly reflexed or carinate ; surface transversely
rugose with a median longitudinal carina. Hemielytra scarcely reaching genital
segment ($), the inner angle of cortum and apex of clavus reaching the apex of
scutellum ; claval suture and corial veins obscurely granulate ; membrane with
some almost obsolete irregular reticulations but no longitudinal veins, about
twice as long as the corium. Legs simple, femora unarmed. Abdomen not
dilated but connexivum broad, venter distinctly convex, lateral margins of
sixth and seventh segments distinctly concave; spiracle of second segment
(first apparent) on the lateral edge of connexivum, remaining spiracles on its
ventral surface, the fifth and sixth spiracles somewhat closer to the lateral
margin than the others.
Total leneth: g 3-4 mm., 2 3:7 mm. Breadth across humeral angles :
dg 1mm., 21-1 mm.
Upolu :—Malololelei, 2,000 ft., 1 3 (type) and 1 2 (paratype), 22.11.1924 ;
1 9, 16.11.1924.
Savai :—Salailua: 1 gf, 21.v.1924 (Bryan); Safune: Rain Forest, 2,000-
4,000 ft., 1 2 (paratype with head missing), 2.v.1924 (Bryan).
This species has been provisionally referred to the genus Pictinus Stal.,
owing to its general resemblance to Pictinus imvalidus Bergr. (Seychelles), from
which it differs however in the more slender and shorter antennae, absence of
constriction of the tylus before the apex; absence of post ocular processes,
more prominent antenniferous spines, flatter head, emargination of posterior
margin of pronotum and in the position of the first visible spiracle (second
abdominal) on the lateral edge of the connexivum. It is very probable that
108 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
P. invalidus Bergr. is generically distinct from the American genus Pictinus
Stal., but this point cannot be decided without a revision of the group, which is,
of course, out of the question in the preparation of a faunistic paper of this nature.
Two males from Malololelei (Upolu) and Salailua (Savail) respectively, differ
from the typical species in the relatively longer third antennal segment, slightly
larger size, and less acute anterior lateral angles of pronotum. Consequently
these specimens have not been regarded as paratypes.
22. Ctenoneurus samoanus, sp. n. (Text-fig. 8).
Colour.—3. Dark ferruginous brown, vertex of head, posterior margin of
pronotum, scutellum, corium, and clavus and a spot at the anterior lateral margin
of each segment of connexivum (more or less
obscure on seventh and eighth segments),
brownish-black ; antennae, rostrum, con-
hexivum, apices of femora, tibiae and tarsi,
pale ferruginous brown; membrane smoky
hyaline, with a large irregular obscure in-
fuscation in middle of its costal margin, and
the area just beyond the apex of corium paler.
Structure.—Head slightly wider than long
(21:18), apical process (tylus) parallel sided,
scarcely reaching middle of first antennal
segment, its apex obtuse, slightly bifid; anten-
niferous spines rectangular, very short, directed
laterally not extending anteriorly beyond
insertion of antennae ; postocular processes
obsolete ; rostrum extending slightly beyond
buccal groove, to anterior margin of pro-
sternum; antenna much longer than head,
first segment incrassate nearly half as wide
as long, second segment short and thickened
apically, third longest, linear gradually thick-
Text-rig. 8.—Clenonewrus samoanus, ening towards apex, fourth fusiform its apex
BD Hy Corea ae Cees ea pale ; relative length of segments 10: 5:12:10.
Pronotum shehtly longer than head, about twice as wide at base as long (45 : 22)
and about as wide as long anteriorly (22:22); anterior margin concave, the
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 109
anterior lateral angles obtuse but slightly prominent, basal margin in front of
scutellum truncate; lateral margins more or less straight, somewhat indented
in middle between anterior and posterior lobes ; posterior angles broadly rounded
not wider than costal margins of hemielytra ; disc of anterior lobe with a pair
of flattened strongly rugose circular prominences and a short longitudinal rugose
ridge on each side, lateral margins carinate. Scutellum triangular, with margins
slightly concave, slightly shorter than broad at base (20 : 23), lateral margins
and base, narrowly ridged, dise with a broad distinct, percurrent median ridge.
Hemielytra extending to eighth abdominal segment ; corium reaching distinctly
beyond the apex of the scutellum, its apical margin convex ; basal costal lobe,
narrow, extending slightly beyond connexivum in an obtuse tooth level with
the middle of the scutellum ; membrane with obscure semi-obsolete reticulations.
Second abdominal spiracle on lateral edge of connexivum, the rest ventral, that
of the seventh placed close to lateral margin ; posterior margin of sixth ventrite
deeply emarginate in the form of a parabola; seventh ventrite very long ;
processes of eighth and the ninth ventrite (pygophor) little prominent.
Length, 4mm. Breadth across humeral angles, 1-5 mm.
Upolu :—Malololelei: 1 ¢ (type), 25.iv.1924.
Savai :—Safune: Rain Forest, 2,000—-4,000 ft., 1 g, 8.v.1924 (Bryan).
Readily distinguished from C. hochstetteri Mayr. (New Zealand), C. fuanus
Montr. (N. Caledonia) and C. bergrothianus Wirk. (Fiji), by its much smaller
size. Apparently closely related to C. fungicola Wirk. (Fiji), from which it
differs by relative lengths of the antennal segments.
23. Carventus kirkaldyi,* sp. n. (Text-fig. 9).
Carventus sp.? Kirkaldy, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 351, 1908.
Colour.—. Pale ferruginous brown, somewhat darker over the head,
anterior lobe of pronotum, and scutellum; eyes reddish, antennae (first and
second segments), anterior processes of head and lateral processes of pronotum,
fulvous-yellow ; legs pale fulvous-yellow, apices of femora and the tarsi fuscous ;
apex of second antennal seement moderately infuscate.
Structure.—Head about as long as broad (26 : 27), apical processes long,
extending slightly beyond middle of first antennal seement ; consisting of two
* This species is dedicated to the memory of G. W. Kirkaldy, in recognition of his work on
the Fijian Heteroptera.
110
INSECTS OF SAMOA.
elongate widely separated lobes somewhat convergent towards their apices :
antenniferous spines long, directed anteriorly, parallel to apical processes,
extending to slightly more than one-third the length of the first antennal seg-
ment; post ocular processes prominent, directed slightly posteriorly, not
extending laterally beyond the eyes; antennae with first segment long and
slender but much thicker than second segment which is linear ; relative length
TeExt-Fic. 9.— Carventus
kirkaldyt, sp. n.: dorsal
view (legs omitted).
of segments (16:11, third and fourth segments mis-
sing in type specimen); rostrum very short, not
extending beyond middle of eyes. Pronotum dis-
tinctly broader than long (56 : 40), strongly narrowed
anteriorly with a distinct collar, anterior margin con-
cave ; median lateral process of anterior lobe broad,
flattened, spatulate ; anterior lateral process of pos-
terior Jobe also spatulate but narrower and slightly
longer than the former; posterior margin in front of
scutellum convex, two lateral posteriorly directed lobes
on each side of scutellam. Scutellum twice as wide at
base as long (30:16), sides straight, widely ridged,
disc without a median carina, apex obtusely rounded.
Hemielytra extending to base of seventh abdominal
sternite ; corium broad, its apex extending almost to
the middle of abdomen, feebly elevated above mem-
brane, from which, however, it is well delimited ; basal
costal lobe almost obsolete, feebly prominent ; mem-
brane very long and moderately broad, shining with
moderately distinct longitudinal veins forming several
irreeular cells. Abdomen distinctly widened posteriorly each segment of con-
nexivum distinetly widening posteriorly so that it overlaps the base of lateral
margin of the succeeding segment in a more or less obtuse angle, the apical angle
of the seventh (sixth apparent) segment scarcely reaching the apex of genital
segment (ninth); spiracle of second segment placed ventrally, those of remaining
seoments on lateral margin.
Length, 6-2 mm. Breadth across humeral angles, 1-9 mm.
Upolu :—Vailima: 1 @ (type), 25.x.1924.
Allied to C. denticollis Stal. (Mysol) but much more robust, head wider,
apical processes not contiguous, lateral processes of pronotum wider and spatulate,
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 111
basal costal lobe of corium much less prominent. This is probably the species
recorded from Fiji without a name by Kirkaldy in 1908.
Family Neipipar (BERYTIDAR).
24. Protacanthus * pacificus, sp. n. (Text-fig. 10).
Colour.—J and 9. Anterior lobe of head (in front of ocelli) including eyes,
black, intensely shining, posterior lobe fulvous flecked with brown behind ocelhi
and at sides of neck; rostrum yellowish-white, the labrum, extreme base of
THRZI
Text-Fia. 10.—Protacanthus pacificus, sp. n.: lateral view of head and thorax, showing median
pronotal keel,
second and third and apex of fourth segments dark brown ; antennae translucent
yellowish-white multiannulate with dark brown, apical three-fourths of fourth
segment dark brown, base of first segment and antenniferous tubercle opaque
white. Pronotum fulvous anteriorly, gradually shading through dark brown
* Bergroth (Mem. Soc. Ent. Belg., XXII, p. 179, 1913), on the strength of Distant’s description
and figure, erected a new genus Auchenoplus for Metacanthus bihamatus Dist., recorded from
Ceylon. Bergroth’s description, apparently based on Distant’s inaccurate figure (Hntomologist, xliv,
p. 105, 1911), is misleading. The first rostral segment does not extend beyond the base of the
head. Auchenoplus is, in fact, synonymous with Protacanthus Uhler, Distant’s species being
generically identical with the type of Protacanthus decorus Uhler, now preserved in the British
Museum Collection.
112 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
to black posteriorly, the extreme reflexed basal margin on each side white,
ventral sides brown. The anterior collar at the sides (narrowly), and the spines
on each side of the dorsal surface of the anterior collar, white. Scutellar spine
white, pro-, meso-, and meta-sterna pale yellowish-brown. Hemielytra colour-
less hyaline. Legs yellowish-white, the femora and tibiae multi-annulate with
brown, the femoral annulations incomplete on the under side ; apical halves of
tibiae brown. Abdomen pale green.
Structure.—9. Head seen from above slightly longer than wide across the
eyes (33 : 31), three-fourths the length of the pronotum, intensely shining with
a few scattered, short, erect hairs, especially at apex ; rostrum extending beyond
the hind coxae almost to second abdominal segment, relative length of segments
35:17:20:22; antennae longer than body, relative length of segments
130: 66:48:42. Pronotum about as long as broad across humeral angles
(45:46), deeply and more or less regularly punctate, humeral angles sub-
elobosely swollen (much more so than in P. decorus Uhl.), the median longitudinal
carina on dise very distinct, posteriorly strongly elevated between the tumescent
humeral lobes, and dilated to form an elongate, lobe-like protrusion ; spines of
anterior collar long and robust, about as long as head is wide between eyes,
almost erect with a shght anterior-lateral inclination. Scutellar spine erect
with a distinct posterior inclination on apical two-thirds ; about one-fourth
longer than pronotal spines. Rostrum and venter sparsely covered with short
and (venter) long erect hairs. Hemielytra extending well beyond the apex of
abdomen.
Total length including hemielytra, 4 mm. Breadth across humeral angles,
0-72 mm.
Samoa :—Apia: 1 larva and 2 adults, 13.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ;
1 specimen, 20.x1.1924.
Fiji:—Nausori: 1 specimen, x.1926 (R. Veitch): Lautoka: 1 9 specimen
(type), 9.vil.1921 (W. Greenwood) ; 2 specimens, 22.x1.1921 (R. Veitch).
Kasily distinguished from Protacanthus decorus Uhl., and P. bihamatus
Distant, by the strongly elevated median lobe in the middle of the entirely black
posterior third of the pronotum.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 113
Family LYGAEIDAE.
Subfamily LyGAEINaE.
25. Pyrrhobaphus leucurus (F.).
Cimex leucurus Fabricius, Mant. Ins., U1, p. 299, 1787.
Pyrrhobaphus leucurus Stal, Hemipt. Fabr., I, p. 73, 1868.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, 11.iv.1922, 1 specimen, 30.vi.1922, and 1
specimen, 14.x.1922 (Armstrong); Malololelei: 4 specimens, 2,000 it.,
14-30.vi.1924 ; Lalomanu: 1 specimen, xi.1924.
Recorded from Ceylon, the Philippines, Woodlark Is., and Fiji. There are
also specimens in the British Museum from Queensland (A. J. Turner), Celebes
(J. C. van Hasselt), and New Hebrides (J. J. Walker).
26. Nesostethus niger, sp. n. (Text-fig. 11).
Colour.—®. Entirely black except for abdomen which is orange-red with an
obscure median dorsal stripe, and some obscure ventral lateral markings brown.
Inner margins of acetabulae, posterior and lateral margins of metapleura and
rim of metasternal orifice, blackish-brown. Head, rostrum, antennae, and legs
shining, the head intensely so, with a faint bluish sheen ; ocelli reddish-brown.
Pubescence sparse and extremely short, giving a glabrous effect, except on the
two apical antennal joints, apices of tibiae, and the tarsi where pubescence is
longer, more dense and paler. Pronotum, scutellum and hemielytra dull black.
Structure.—-2. Head almost as long as broad across the eyes (45: 48) ;
eyes rather prominent, ocelli about three times as far from one another as from
the eyes; first antennal segment extending about half its length beyond the
apex of head, relative leneth of segments 27: 70:50:65; rostrum extending
to posterior coxae, relative length of segments 30 : 34: 25:25; bucculae feebly
elevated. Pronotum rather elongate, length is to posterior width as 55: 75,
strongly narrowed anteriorly, anterior width is to posterior width as 42:75;
lateral margins practically straight, anterior margin strongly emarginate ;
anterior disc around scars sparsely, very obscurely punctate. Scutellum
equilateral, with a T-shaped ridge. Hemielytra not reaching apex of abdomen ;
veins very prominent. Posterior margin of metapleuron straight, perpendicular
to the lateral margin. Legs comparatively long, the femora unarmed almost as
long as the tibiae, the tarsi long. Disc of venter sparsely covered with rather
long very fine hairs becoming shorter and denser over genital plates.
II. 3. 3
114 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
Total length, 9:5 mm. Breadth across humeral angles, 2:7 mm.
1 9 (type), Samoa, 11.—vill.1921 (O'Connor).
General appearance of a black Leptocoris with a shining blue-black head,
Text-Fic. 11.—Nesostethus niger, sp. n.: dorsal view (legs omitted).
but ocelli and venation of membrane indicate its position in the Lygaeidae.
The generic position of this species is a matter of some doubt. Stal has split
up the old genus Lygaeus into numerous genera and subgenera, based mainly
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 115
on colour characters, so that without a revision of these genera it is impossible
to place entirely black species such as the present.
In his catalogue of the Hemiptera of Fiji, Kirkaldy wrongly referred two
species to the genus Stalagmostethus Stal. The first, Lygaeus mactans Stal.,
is the genotype of the perfectly distinct Melanerythrus Stal. The second,
S. ornatus, described by Kirkaldy as a new Fijian species, differs (with the
exception of the relative length of the second and fourth antennal segments),
in almost every respect from the genotypical species Stalagmostethus furcatus ¥.
Stalagmostethus Stal., is in fact an African genus. Kirkaldy apparently sus-
pecting his own generic determination, pointed out certain differences and
suggested a new subgeneric name Nesostethus (type S. ornatus Kirk.). This is
evidently a perfectly good genus, and judging by Kirkaldy’s description, and
having regard to the similarity of the Fijian and Samoan faunae, the present
Samoan species has been referred to it, in spite of the fact that there are certain
differences which Stal and Kirkaldy have regarded as of subgeneric importance.
This course seems to be preferable (for the time being at any rate) to that of
creating still another genus.
27. Graptostethus nigriceps Stal.
Graptostethus servus (F.) var. nigriceps, Stal, Enum. Hemipt., IV, p. 117, 1874.
Graptostethus servus Kirk., Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 354, 1908.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, 10.v.1922 (Armstrong).
Savail:—Safune: Rain Forest, 2,000-4,000 {t., 1 specimen, 4.v.1924
(Bryan).
Tutuila :—1,000 ft., 1 specimen, 13.x.1918 (Kellers).
Originally recorded by Stal from the Pacific Islands, Guam, Ascension and
Fiji. In the British Museum are specimens from New Hebrides (J. J. Waller)
and New Caledonia (J. J. Walker), which appear to represent this species.
In spite of a certain amount of variation exhibited amongst themselves,
the Samoan specimens have all been referred to G. servus var. nigriceps Stal.
The chief distinctive character of this variety is the entirely black head (except
the bucculae, which are pallid), and since Kirkaldy’s G. vitiensis also differs
from typical G. servus F. in the black head (including the bucculae, fide Kirk.),
it is quite possible that witcensis Kark. is synonymous with negriceps Stal.
There are, however, certain characters in which Kirkaldy’s species appears to
differ. He distinguishes vitcensis from servus mainly by the length of the
116 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
rostrum which extends beyond the hind coxae, but all the Samoan specimens
agree in this character which, however, is not mentioned by Stal. The specimens
from Savai and Tutuila have the clavus and corium partly infuscate, more or
less as in typical G. servus F., but the specimen from Upolu has both clavus
and corium free of infuscation. Stal states that sometimes in this variety the
posterior lobe of the pronotum and the hemielytra are free of black markings
and this is the form which occurs in the New Hebrides and New Caledonia.
Such specimens approach G. nornatus Dist. (Andai, Malay Arch.) in which,
however, the head is red with the tylus only black. The specimen from Savati
has the head red more or less suffused with brown but differs from G. servus in
having the tylus red not black and in the long rostrum which extends well beyond
the hind coxae. G. nigriceps Stal. also differs from G. servus in the following
specific characters.—The two small black spots on pronotum fused with anterior
transverse black band. Posterior lobe of pronotum without a transverse brown
band. Basal angle of membrane, below apex of clavus, black not white. Red
lateral margin of venter equally wide throughout, not distinctly widening
towards base of abdomen.
The true G. servus F., apparently does not occur in Fiji, Kirkaldy’s record
being based on Stal’s var. negriceps, which, as has been shown, is a distinct species.
28. Nysius (Nysius) pacificus, sp. n. (Text-fig. 12).
? Nyswus, sp. Kirk., Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 355, 1908.
Colour and Structure.—9. Head strongly deflexed, long, about three-fourths
as long as wide across eyes (26 : 34), with the ocelli twice as far from one another
as from the eyes, strongly rugosely punctate ; black with the eyes, a spot at
base of vertex between the ocelli, a longitudinal stripe down the tylus, the
bucculae and the gula on each side below the antenniferous tubercle, pale yellow ;
an irregular stripe extending from the apex of each of the juga to the sides of
the yellow spot at the base of the vertex, and the base of the tylus, ferruginous ;
basal joint of antennae yellow with apical annulation, a stripe on the dorsal
side, and a few spots on the ventral side, dark fuscous ; second and third joints
pale ferrugincus somewhat darker towards the apices, fourth joint fusiform,
ferruginous ; relative leneths, 22 : 55:47:58 (62 divisions = 1 mm.); rostrum
extending to apices of hind coxae, ochraceous, shading to ferruginous apically,
the ultimate joint black; bucculae extending almost to anterior margin of
prosternum. Pronotum anteriorly as wide as long in the middle, posteriorly
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 117
one- and two-thirds as wide as at the anterior margin ; strongly punctate, dull
yellow with a transverse fascia across the anterior disc extending on each side
to the anterior lateral angles, a spot just within each of the humeral angles,
Text-Fic. 12—Nysius pacificus, sp. n.: a, dorsal view of head, pronotum and scutellum
b, lateral view of head and thorax ; c, hemielytron.
and six longitudinal fasciae extending from the posterior margin to the anterior
transverse band, the two central ones much thinner than the others and con-
verging anteriorly (Text-fig. 12, a). Scutellum strongly punctate, except for a
median longitudinal laevigate ridge ; dull yellow, with the base (narrowly) and
118 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
a broad median longitudinal fascia, black. Pleura moderately strongly punctate,
black ; the anterior margin and the outer posterior angle (except for a small
brown spot just within the angle), of the propleuron, all the acetabular areas,
the auriculate metasternal orifice and the surrounding area (mostly), dull yellow ;
posterior margin of metasternum pallid, laminate and broadly emarginate, but
with the outer angles rounded and not prominently angular. Hemielytra pale
yellowish-grey, the inner angle of the clavus, the claval commissure, three
elongate spots along apical margin of coritum, one at each end, and one in the
middle, dark brown, the outer sector and a spot on the inner sector of the corium
obscurely fuscous ; rather less than the basal third of the total length of the
costal margin of corlum (20:70) parallel with axis of body and provided with
fringe of grey hairs ; thence costal margin gradually dilated ; membrane hyaline
more or less obscurely marked with brown.
Abdomen below impunctate, yellow with the usual double, more or less
interrupted fascia down each side, the disc at the base and a narrow stripe
over the basal two-thirds of the ovipositor brownish-black. Legs yellow; the
coxae and basal parts of the femora much brighter: femora spotted with
brownish-black ; the apex of the first tarsal joint and the whole of the third
fuscous. ‘The whole insect more or less covered with shagey grey pubescence.
Total length, 4-7 mm. Breadth across humeral angles, 1-6. mm.
New Hebrides :—Kfate Is., Havannah Harbour, | @ (type), 13.vi.1900 (J. J.
Walker).
Samoa :—Tutuila: 1,100-1,200 ft., 20 specimens, iv.1918; centre of Is.,
900-1,200 ft., 1 specimen, 30.v1.1918; 1,000 ft., 38 specimens, 25.vii.1918 ;
1,000-1,200 ft., 4 specimens, xi1.1918 (Kellers) ; Fagasa: 1 specimen, 9.1x.1923
(Swezey and Wilder).
This very distinct species is allied to N. caledoniae Dist. (New Caledonia),
but is a larger insect with different colour markings, and the antennal segments
of different relative lengths.
Its absence from Upolu and Savati is remarkable.
Subfamily GrocorInag.
29. Germalus samoanus, sp. n. (Text-figs. 18, 14, and 16).
Colour.—3 and 9. Head bright yellow shading to orange towards apex, an
elongate triangular mark extending from near the apex of tylus to the base of
ihe vertex and widening to include the ocelli, a short broad stripe along posterior
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 119
half of inner margin of eye, a short stripe extending from insertion of antenna
almost to the base of the tylus, a narrow median stripe on under side of head
between bucculae and the labrum, black (in fresh specimens the dorsal triangular
mark is covered with white powder and appears blue grey): eyes red; basal
Text-Fic. 13.—Germalus samoanus, sp. nov.: dorsal view (legs omitted).
segment of antenna yellow, with a fuscous dorsal stripe and several small fuscous
spots on ventral side, second segment fuscous with a subapical annulation and
extreme apex pallid, third segment fuscous with a broad obscure pallid subapical
annulation, fourth segment fuscous ; bucculae and rostrum pale yellow ; dorsal
surface of second, third, and fourth rostral segments ferruginous, apical half of
120 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
fourth black. Pronotum anteriorly bright yellow posteriorly yellowish-grey,
a broad transverse band anteriorly across the pronotal scars, extending posteriorly
in a median narrow stripe, blue-grey or black ; a pair of irregular spots one at
each humeral angle but not reaching the extreme angle, a small spot in middle
of posterior margin more or less fusing with end of median longitudinal stripe,
and a small spot on each side of the lower half of the median stripe, black or
brownish-black ; scattered punctures dark brown, lateral carina pale yellow.
Scutellum bluish-grey or black with a bright yellow Y-shaped laevigate area
extending to apex of scutellum. Propleura and sternum blue-grey or black,
the sternum anteriorly yellowish-white, the acetabulae (ambulacra) and posterior
margins of pleura broadly, pale yellow ; mesopleura blue-grey or black, the
ambulacra pale yellow, the posterior margins of the pleura narrowly dull yellow,
mesosternum shining black ; metapleura, dull blackish-brown, the inner angle
below orifice and a longitudinal lateral stripe fulvous, auriculate lobes of orifices
yellow, ambulacra and posterior lateral angles of pleura, yellowish-white.
Hemielytra hyaline, tinted cinereous, clavus black or blue-grey with an obscure
fulvous median stripe on basal half; costal margin very narrowly, a row of
punctures along outer vein, apical half of inner vein and apical margin of corilum
dark brown; membrane hyaline with an obscure fuscous median stripe. Legs
pale yellow; femora sparsely covered with brown spots, apices of tibiae and tarsal
segments infuscate. Abdominal tergites yellow tinted with red, with a few
irregular brown flecks; whole of apical tergite overlying pygophor, and the
posterior lateral angles of the connexival segments, black. Venter yellow,
with a broad lateral reddish suffusion, with its inner margin infuscate, especially
posteriorly where the infuscation develops into several brown marks on the
fifth, sixth, and seventh ventrites ; ovipositor sheath in 2 black ; eighth ventrite
in g with a median brown spot; pygophor in ¢ yellow with a brown spot on
each side towards its base.
Structure.—Head porrect, tylus not strongly deflexed, as in G. pacificus Kirk
(Fiji), about three-fourths the length of pronotum (24 :33) and about as long as
half the width across eyes (24:50); eyes larger than in G. pacificus about equally
broad but much longer, less convergent anteriorly and much less pedunculate.
Relative length of antennal segments 10: 29:18:19 (g). Rostrum extending
to hind coxae. Pronotum about two-thirds as long as wide across humeral
angles (83:47) and shghtly longer than wide anteriorly (33:27); anterior and
posterior lobes rather more distinctly separated than in G. pacificus by an obscure
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 121
transverse depression behind the pronotal scars, lateral margins more distinctly
concave ; disc less regularly punctate. Scutellum more flat than in G. pacificus
the yellow laevigate area much less elevated. Apical abdominal tergite over-
lapping pygophor, more strongly narrowed apically than in G. pacificus, not at
all truncate apically. Pilosity of venter in male much shorter and less dense
than in G. pacificus.
antl WI OIIOIOLA AE ™
TERZI~D
Text-Fic. 14.—Lateral view of head and thorax of : a, Germalus samoanus, sp. n. 5
b, Germalus buxtona, sp. n.
Total length: ¢ 5.4 mm., 9 5-7 mm. Breadth across humeral angles :
$ 1-6 mm., 9 1-7 mm.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, 13.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ; 2 specimens,
11.1924, | specimen, x11.1924, 1 specimen, 1.1925, 1 specimen, 28.1v.1925, | specimen,
v.1925; Malololelei: 1 larva, 24.11.1924, 1 specimen, iv.1924, 2 specimens,
25.1v.1924, 1 specimen, 2,000 ft., 17.vi.1924, 1 specimen, 2,000 ft., 14-30.vi.1924,
1 specimen, 2,000 ft., 23.x1.1924, 3 specimens, 18.1v.1925, 1 specimen, 2,000 ft.,
122 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
xii.1925 (type); 2 specimens, 20.vi.1924 (Armstrong); Vailima: 1 specimen,
25.x.1924; Mulifanua: 1 specimen, 16.vi1.1925 (Wilder) ; 1 specimen, 760-900 ft..
iv.1918.
Tutuila :—Centre of Island: 900-1,200 {ft., 30.vi.1918, 1. specimen,
21.vii.1918, 1 specimen, 1,000 ft., 25.vili.1918 (Kellers) ; Pago Pago: 1 specimen,
18.1v.1924 (Bryan) ; 1 specimen, 13.ix.1922 (Swezey and Wilder).
Manua :—Tau, 1 larva, 20.11.1926 (Judd).
Allied to the Fijian G. pacificus Kirk. but differs in the longer more porrect
head, larger eyes, less transverse pronotum, less convex scutellum, narrower
eighth tergite in the male, shorter and less dense pilosity on venter of male,
absence of two black longitudinal stripes on dorsum of abdomen, presence of
dark spot on each side of median stripe of pronotum, etc.
30. Germalus buxtoni,* sp. n. (Text-figs. 14, 15, and 16).
: Colour.—Head pale yellow, a narrow longitudinal percurrent stripe down
middle (sometimes dilated in middle to form a fuscous cross band), a small
spot on each side of apex of tylus, a variable short oblique spot on each side of
head extending inwards from base of antenna, and a triangular spot on each side of
base of head, each with its apex surrounding ocellus (these last two spots usually
fusing with the median stripe along the basal margin), black ; eyes red, first
antennal segment pale yellow apical third fuscous dorsally, remaining segments In-
fuscate, the apical third of second segment sometimes pallid ; rostrum pale yellow,
its apex infuscate. Pronotum pale sordid yellow, an obscure median percurrent
longitudinal stripe, dilated into a distinct spot at the anterior and posterior
margins and sometimes in middle, a pair of irregular spots at each humeral angle
enclosing an irregular pallid spot on the posterior margin adjoining the actual
angle, dark brown; punctures fuscous causing a more or less fuscous suffusion
around pronotal scars and in middle of dise of posterior lobe ; lateral carina pale
yellow except at base where it 1s suffused by the fuscous humeral spot. Scutellum
fuscous with the usual yellow Y-shaped laevigate area extending to apex of
scutellum. Pro-, meso- and meta-pleura pale fulvous suffused with black ;
punctures fuscous; the ambulacral areas, the posterior margins of pleura and the
posterior lateral angle of meta-pleuron whitish-yellow ; meso-sternum pale sordid
yellow. Hemielytra including membrane similar to those in G. samoanus but
infuscation of clavus restricted to anal margin, claval commissure and punctures
* Dedicated to Mr. P. A. Buxton the senior collector.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 123
along claval suture. Legs as in G, samoanus. Abdominal tergites orange-
yellow with a large anteriorly narrowed black spot at apex of abdomen covering
the whole of apical tergite ; connexivum yellow with a black spot at the posterior
lateral angles of each segment ; venter yellow, fulvous at base and down middle
Text-Fic. 15.—Germalus buxtoni, sp. n.: dorsal view (legs omitted).
of sides, sometimes with an obscure blackish mark on each segment in middle
of fulvous suffusion ; posterior lateral angles of connexival segments usually
blackish at least posteriorly. Male pygophor entirely black; ovipositor sheath,
in female, brown at base.
124 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
Structure—Head as in G. samoanus but even more porrect, about three-
fourths the length of pronotum (23 : 33) and about as long as half the width across
eyes (23:47); eyes distinctly smaller than in G. samoanus but larger than in
G. pacificus. Relative lengths of antennal segments 11 : 32:23:21 (6);
rostrum scarcely extending beyond the middle coxae. Pronotum about two-
thirds as long as wide across humeral angles (33 : 48) and slightly longer than
wide anteriorly (33:28); lateral margins much more distinctly concavely
sinuate than in G. samoanus, the lateral carina much narrower anteriorly ; the
anterior angles less suddenly rounded ; transverse impression between anterior
and posterior lobes much more distinct especially laterally ; puncturation slightly
more coarse, less scattered, punctures more dense around scars and on middle
Text-ric. 16.—Dorsal view of apical abdominal tergite overlapping male pygophor: a, Germalus
samoanus, sp. n.; b, Germalus buatoni, sp. n.
of dise of posterior lobe. Scutellum and hemielvtra as in G. samoanus. Apical
abdominal tergite overlapping pygophor in 3, much broader even than in
G. pacificus. Pilosity of venter in ¢ much longer and more dense than in
G. samoanus but not so pronounced as in G. pacificus.
Total length: ¢ 5-7 mm., 9 6:3 mm. Breadth across humeral angles :
6 1:6 mm., 91-8 mm.
Upolu :—Malololelei: 2,000 ft., 1 larva, 10.11.1924, 1 specimen (teneral),
iv.1924, 2 specimens, 20.vi.1924, 1 specimen, 25.vi.1924, 1 specimen, 14—-30.v1.1924,
1 specimen, 23.x1.1924, 12 specimens (including type 9), xu1.1925.
Savaii :—1 specimen, 1,000 ft., 21.x1.1925; Safune: 1 specimen, 15.v.1924
(Bryan); Salailua: 1 larva, Rain Forest, 2,000—-4,000 ft., 17.v.1924 (Bryan).
Allied to G. samoanus but differing in the slightly larger size, different
colour markings of head and pronotum, shape and puncturation of pronotum
longer antennae (third segment longer than fourth), shorter rostrum, etc.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 125
Subfamily CyMINar.
Neocrompus, gen. n.
Head short, strongly punctate, distinctly deflexed, about two-thirds as
long as wide across eyes (13:20), much shorter and more deflexed than in
Ischnorhynchus and Crompus ; eyes prominent, extending laterally about half
their diameter beyond anterior angles of pronotum; bucculae moderately
elevated more or less triangular, short not extending posteriorly beyond insertion
of antennae ; rostrum extending beyond coxae to base of abdomen, the first
seoment long extending beyond gula on to disc of prosternum ; antennae com-
paratively short about as long as head pronotum and scutellum together ; basal
segment extending slightly beyond apex of head; ocelli as in [schnorhynchus.
Pronotum densely coarsely punctate, relatively short, slightly more than half
as long in middle as wide across humeral angles (47 : 81) and slightly less than
half as wide anteriorly as posteriorly (35:81); lateral margins straight with a
feebly elevated lateral ridge or carina, much less prominent than in Crompus ;
anterior margin concave, posterior margin convex, humeral angles rounded ;
dise distinctly convex, anterior region in front of cicatricial depression, some-
what swollen. Scutellum triangular, equilateral, strongly punctate ; lobe of .
metasternal orifice moderately prominent as in Crompus but much less so than
in Ischnorhynchus. Corium extending to apex of abdomen (3), costal margin
strongly dilated and along basal half reflexed; clavus with three rows of
punctures, the two nearest the scutellum rather irregular ; corium with a row
of large deep punctures along the basal half of the inner edge of the dilated costal
area, two rows of fine punctures along the claval suture and cubital vein and
scattered punctures on the area between M and Rs. Anterior femora only
moderately incrassate (scarcely more so than the intermediate and posterior
femora), armed with a single short spine placed about one-fifth of the length of
femur from apex ; basal segment of posterior tarsus shehtly shorter than second
and third segments together. Seventh ventrite in male long, laminately pro-
duced to cover pygophor as in Crompus.
Genotype :—Neocrompus kellersi, sp. n.
Allied to Crompus Stal and Ischnorhynchus Fieber, but differs from both in
the shorter more deflexed head, short triangular bucculae, long first rostral
seoment, shorter more transverse pronotum with straight lateral margins with
126 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
percurrent but very feebly elevated lateral carinae, in the presence of a single
tooth on underside of front femur and in the much stronger and denser punctura-
tion of the head pronotum and scutellum.
31. Neocrompus kellersi,* sp. n. (Text-fig. 17).
Colour.—Head black covered dorsally with depressed, golden hairs arising
from the punctures ; apex of tylus and bucculae brown, eyes dark ferruginous
8 66
Text-Fia. 17.—Neocrompus kellersi, sp. n.: a, dorsal view (legs omitted); 6, lateral view of
head and prothorax.
brown; rostrum ochraceous with apex black; antennae ochraceous covered
with rather long pale hairs, apex of second segment, base and apex of third and
whole of fourth, ferruginous brown. Pronotum ferruginous brown, covered
with strong depressed golden hairs arising from punctures, the cicatricial depres-
sion covered by a black band thin in middle but widening laterally. Prosternum,
* This species is dedicated to the collector, Lt. H. C. Kellers, U.S. Navy.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 127
acetabulae and lateral angle of propleuron ferruginous, disc of propleuron black.
Scutellum ferruginous shading to blackish towards base, pilosity as on pronotum
but with a few long erect hairs. Meso- and meta-pleura black, acetabulae
ferruginous ; posterior lateral angular lobe of metapleuron, white. Hemielytra
ereyish-white, semi-hyaline, with a few scattered erect hairs especially on clavus,
punctures brown; membrane hyaline. Venter dark, shining ferruginous
brown with short depressed silvery hairs more or less scattered on disc, but in
distinct patches along lateral margins of segments ; hairs much longer and more
dense along posterior margin of seventh ventrite, the posterior lateral angles
of which are greyish and more or less hyaline. Legs bright yellow apices of tarsi
and claws brown.
First segment of antenna slightly incrassate, second and third segments
linear but thickest at apices, fourth segment fusiform ; relative leneths of seg-
ments: 16:29:20: 36.
Total length: g 2:8 mm., 9 3:0 mm. Breadth across humeral angles :
3 1-2 mm., 91-4 mm.
Tutuila :—2,141 ft., 2 gg (including type), and 1 9, 22.ix.1918 (Kellers) ;
1,000 ft., 1 9, 13.x.1918 (Kellers).
Subfamily RHyPAROCHROMINAE.
32. Clerada * apicicornis Sign.
Clerada apicicornis Signoret in Maillard’s Notes sur Vile de la Réunion, Ins. (Annexe J, Hémipteres),
p. 28, 1862.
Clerada apicicorns Kirkaldy, Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc., 1, p. 151, 1907.
Upolu :—Apia : 1 specimen, 17.vu.1924, 1 specimen, xi1.1924, and 1 specimen,
x.1925.
Apparently Holotropical in distribution. Recorded from Venezuela, Mexico,
Cuba, Jamaica, St. Vineent, Seychelles, Réunion, Bengal, Ceylon, Siamese
Malay States, Indo-China, Celebes, Queensland, Hawaii, Samoa, and Society
Is. (Raiatea), but strangely enough not from Fiji. Species of the genus Clerada
are known to inhabit the nests of rodents and other small mammals.
* Clerada minuta China (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hust., (9), XIV, p. 485, 1924), described from a
specimen taken in Rodriguez, in the Mascarene region, is apparently identical with Reclada moesta
B. White (Ann. Nat. Hist., (5), 1, p. 870, 1878), a Hawaiian species, the type of which has now
been examined. This is a most extraordinary case of discontinuous distribution.
128 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
33. Orthaea pacifica (Stal).
Pamera pacifica Stal, Enum. Hemipt., TV, p. 149, 1874.
Orthaea pacifica Kirkaldy, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 358, 1908.
? Orthaea vincta Kirkaldy (nee Say), tom. cit., p. 357, pl. 4, figs. 1 and 2, 1908.
Pamera pacifica Cheesman, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1927, p. 157, 1927.
Upolu :—Apia: 2 larvae, 12.1x.1923, on Bermuda grass (Swezey and Wilder) ;
1 specimen, 1.1924, 18 specimens and 4 larvae, 11.1924, 9 specimens, 111.1924,
2 specimens, v.1924, and 1 larva, vi.1924 ; Aleipata: 3 specimens, iv.1924, 1 larva
(Lalomanu), x1.1924 ; Afiamalu: 1 specimen, 11.vii.1923 (Wilder) ; Malololelei :
2,000 f{t., 2 specimens, 12.11.1924, 3 specimens, 22.11.1924, 2 specimens, iv.1924,
5 specimens, vi.1924.
Savai :—Safune: Lowlands to 1,000 ft., 1 larva, 30.1v.1924, 1 specimen,
1.v.1924, 1 specimen, 4.v.1924 (Bryan); Lower Forest 1,000—2,000 ft., 2 speci-
mens, 5.v.1924, 1 specimen, 9.v.1924, 1 specimen, 15.v.1924 (Bryan); Salailua:
Rain Forest, 2,000—4,000 ft., 1 specimen, 17.v.1924, 1 specimen and 2 larvae,
19.v.1924, 1 specimen, 22.v.1924 (Bryan).
Tutuila : 1,100-1,200 ft., 1 specimen, iv.1918, 760-900 ft., 24 specimens,
iv.1918, 900-1,200 ft., centre of island, 3 specimens, 30.v1.1918, 1,200 ft., 2 speci-
mens, xu.1918 (Kellers) ; Leone Road: 1 specimen, 18.1x.1923, 1 specimen and
1 larva, 7.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); 2 specimens and 1 larva, 19.11.1924
(Bryan); Pago Pago: 2 specimens, 0-300 ft., 1v.1918 (Kellers) ; 2 specimens,
9.1x.1923, and 4 specimens, 20.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); 4 specimens,
12.1v.1924, 2 specimens, 16.iv.1924, 1 larva, 18.1v.1924 (Bryan) ;
Manua Is. :—Tau: 1 larva, 27.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).
This species has been recorded under the name pacifica Stal from Fiji,
Tahiti, Raiatea and Bora Bora. Considerable confusion, however, exists with
regard to the closely allied and so-called cosmopolitan species Orthaea vincta
Say. It is fairly certain that the existing synonymy of the eight or nine species
under O. vincta, 1s Inaccurate, and it seems very probable that all the Pacific
Island records belong to O. pacifica Stal. Kirkaldy (loc. cit.) records O. vincta
as occurring In Fiji and synonymuises with it his Hawanan O. periplanios, but
does not state on what grounds he relinquishes his former identification (Proc.
Haw. Ent. Soc., 1, pp. 150-151, 1907) as O. pacifica Stal. If Orthaea parvula
Dallas has been correctly synonymised with O. vincta then, judging by Dallas’
N. American type specimen, the Pacific Island species (O. pacifica) is perfectly
distinct from O. vincta.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 129
34. Orthaea limbata (Stal).
Pamera limbata Stal, Enum. Hemipt., IV, p. 149, 1874.
Orihaea limbata Kirkaldy, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 357, 1908.
Savail :—Salailua: Lowlands to 1,000 ft., 5 specimens, 16.v.1924; Lower
Forest 1,000-2,000 ft., 4 specimens, 17.v.1924, 1 specimen, 20.v.1924, 1 specimen,
21.v.1924 (Bryan); Safune: Lowlands to 1,000 ft., 1 specimen, 30.1v.1924
(Bryan) ; Rain Forest, 2,000—4,000 {t., 1 specimen, 3.v. 1924, 4 specimens, 4.v.1924
(Bryan); Lower Forest, 1,000—2,000 ft] specimen, 5.v.1924, 1 specimen, 11.v.1924_
(Bryan) ; 1,000 ft., 1 specimen, 21.xi.1925.
Tutuila :—1,000-1,200 ft., 1 specimen, xu.1918 (Kellers).
Previously recorded from Fiji and Samoa and also occurs in Savage Is.
(Niue), 16.vii.1918, Kellers.
Apparently absent from Upolu.
35. Orthaea nigriceps (Dallas).
Rhyparochromus nigriceps Dallas, List Hemipt. Brit. Mus., I, p. 577, 1852.
Orthaea nigriceps Kirkaldy, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 358, 1908.
Pamera nigriceps Cheesman, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1927, p. 157, 1927.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, 10.1x.1922 (Armstrong); 1 specimen, xi.1924,
1 specimen, 1.1925; Aleipata: 1 specimen, iv.1924 ; Malololelei: 2 specimens,
5.1.1924 (Armstrong) ; 1 specimen, vil.1925 (Wilder) ; Mulifanua: 2 specimens,
16.vii.1925 (Wilder).
Savaii :—Fagamalo: 2 specimens, x1.1925.
Tutuila :—Pago a : 0-300 {t., 1 specimen, iv.1918 (Kellers).
Manua Is :—Tau: 1 specimen, 27.1x.1923, “ grass’? (Swezey). |
Previously recorded from Philippines (7), Fiji, Tahiti, Raiatea, Hawaii,
New Zealand and N.S. Wales.
Judging by material in the British Museum collection, this species is some-
what variable and is probably composite. The type specimen is from the
Sandwich Is. (Hawai) and differs considerably from the Southern Pacific
specimens collected in Fiji, Samoa, and Tahiti which more nearly approach
O. andrewsi Dist. occurring on Christmas I.
130 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
36. Orthaea nietneri (Dohrn).
Plociomerus nietneri Dohrn, Stett. Ent. Zeit., XXI, p. 404, 1860.
Pamera nietneri Stal, Enum. Hemipt. IV, p. 151, 1874.
Orthaea nietneri Kirkaldy, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XXXIII, p. 358, 1908.
Upolu :—Malololelei: 2,000 ft., 1 specimen, 12.iii.1924, 1 specimen,
14-30.v1.1924, 1 specimen, 28.vi.1924.
Tutuila :—760-900 ft., 1 specimen, iv.1918 (Kellers); Pago Pago: 1 speci-
men, 24.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).
Previously recorded from Ceylon, Burma, Java, Philippines, and Fiji.
The Queensland species O. (Pamera) tricolorata Distant is closely allied to
O. metneri and is possibly merely a subspecies.
37. Orthaea ventralis, sp. n. (Text-figs. 18 and 19).
Colour.—Head black, moderately shining with patches of short delicate
depressed silvery hairs towards apex and around ocelli and with a few scattered
long erect hairs ; eyes red with a few short erect hairs ; antennae fulvous yellow,
apex of first and second segments and apical third of third segment, slightly
infuscate ; base and apical fourth of fourth segment black, the region between
pale yellow; rostrum fulvous yellow, its apex black. Pronotum sparsely
covered with short depressed hairs and a few long erect hairs; anterior lobe
dark ferruginous brown, anterior collar and posterior lobe ferruginous ; humeral
angles dull yellow crossed by an obscure oblique dark brown mark, the interior
margin of the yellow spot, dark brown; posterior margin with some obscure
dark brown suffusion. Propleura black, the acetabulae and the posterior margin
ferruginous brown. Scutellum ferruginous brown, basal third and apex dark
brown ; sparsely covered with short depressed hairs and with a few long and
erect hairs. Meso- and meta-pleura black, acetabulae and posterior lateral
angle of metapleuron, ferruginous brown. Hemielytra dull greyish-yellow with
longitudinal brown markings as shown in figure; membrane dark brown with
veins at base, basal disc, and apex, greyish-yellow. Legs yellow, last tarsal
segment and claws, fuscous. Venter black, a large parallel-sided area on disc
extending to base of ovipositor, the connexivum, and some obscure more or less
longitudinal markings in the region of the spiracles, fulvous yellow.
Structure-—Head about four-fifths as long as wide across eyes (21 : 26) ;
rostrum extending to middle of mesosternum, the basal segment scarcely
reaching to posterior margin of eye; first antennal segment extending by
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 131
7)
nearly half its length beyond apex of head ; relative lengths of antennal segments
15: 29: 23: 29; eyes moderately large and prominent, width of vertex between
their inner margins exactly one-half the total width of head across eyes (13 : 26) ;
ocelli three times as far from one another as from the eyes (9:3). Anterior lobe
of pronotum about two-thirds as long in middle as wide at its posterior margin
Toe”
See Be
Peer
ry
facta
Text-Fic. 18.—Dorsal view (legs omitted) of : a, Orthaea ventralis, sp. n. ;
b, Orthaea puberula, sp. n.
(17 : 26), and about three-fourths as wide at its anterior margin as at its posterior
margin (20 : 26) ; sides convex, widest part a little below the middle ; posterior
lobe of pronotum very obscurely and sparsely punctate not quite three times
as wide across humeral angles as long in the middle (41:14); posterior margin
broadly emarginate, humeral angles rounded but distinctly projecting beyond
costal margins of hemielytra. Scutellum about four-fifths as wide at base as
132 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
long, a distinct row of punctures down each side and a few irregular punctures
within the outer row towards the apex ; a distinct depression towards base of
disc. Hemielytra almost parallel sided; clavus with three distinct rows of
punctures, the inner and outer rows running along the extreme inner and outer
margins ; a few irregular punctures between the middle row and the row nearest
the scutellum ; the hemielytral punctures giving rise to very short depressed
hairs, otherwise glabrous. Anterior femora armed on posterior side with five
spines, a moderately large one near the middle of femur, another equally large
one towards the apex, two small spines between the two large ones and one
Text-Fic. 19.—Orthaea puberula, sp. n.: a, fore femur and tibia, 3. Orthaea ventralis, sp. n.:
b, fore femur and tibia, 2; c, lateral view of abdomen, showing shape of ventral pallid spot.
small spine between apical large spine and apex of femur; anterior tibiae in
male with a short posteriorly directed spur placed in the middle of the tibia.
Total length: ¢ 4:9 mm., 2 5-0 mm. Width across humeral angles :
31:3 mm., 9 1-4. mm.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 Q2 specimen (type), xi.1924: Malololelei: 1 specimen,
vu.1925 (Wilder).
Tutuila:—Pago Pago: 4 specimens, 1.x.1923, 1 specimen, 20.1x.1923 (Swezey
and Wilder); Fagasa: 2 specimens, 9.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); Leone.
Road: 1 specimen, 7.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); Afono Trail: 1 specimen,
25.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).
Belongs to the nietneri—nigriceps group but readily distinguished from
other species by its narrow rather elongate form and by the large yellow spot .
on the venter,
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 133
38. Orthaea puberula, sp. n. (Text-figs. 18 and 19).
Colour.—Head black, shining, with a rather scanty, short pale tomentose
pubescence at apex and at base around ocelli and a few scattered erect hairs ;
rostrum fulvous yellow, its apex black and basal segment infuscate, covered
with moderately long erect hairs; antennae fulvous yellow, fourth segment
more or less infuscate, sparsely covered with moderately long erect hairs.
Anterior lobe of pronotum dull black covered with a sparse tomentose silvery
pubescence which becomes much more dense along the middle line and along
lateral margins ; anterior collar ferruginous; posterior lobe dull ferruginous
brown, more or less evenly covered with the silvery pubescence ; humeral
angles dull yellow. Propleura dull black, posterior margin and posterior lateral
angles ferruginous. Scutellum dull black sparsely covered with short silvery
hairs and moderately long erect hairs the lateral margins of the apical half
dark ferruginous brown. Meso- and meta-pleura dull black, acetabulae and
posterior margins and posterior lateral angle of metapleuron, ferruginous.
Hemielytra fulvous yellow the costal margin rather paler, an obscure dark
brown stripe down clavus and a pair of longitudinal dark brown stripes on
apical half of corium, the outer one widening posteriorly and reaching the
apical margin of the corium ; hemielytra covered with short erect hairs arising
from dark brown punctures. Membrane pallid with some obscure pale fuscous
longitudinal stripes between the veins. Legs fulvous yellow, the coxae, bases
of anterior femora and claws, ferruginous brown. Venter dark ferruginous
brown, shading to black in an obscure broad longitudinal lateral stripe down
each side and in a longitudinal stripe down the ovipositor.
Structure.-—Head about five-sixths as long as broad across eyes (26 : 30) ;
rostrum extending to middle of mesosternum, the basal segment reaching to
middle of eye; first antennal segment extending by about one-third its length
beyond apex of head; relative lengths of antennal segments, 14 : 24:18: 26;
vertex relatively broad and distinctly concave ; eyes rather small not prominent,
width of vertex between their inner margins exactly three-fifths of the total
width of head across eyes (18: 30); ocelli three times as far from one another
as from the eyes (12:4). Anterior lobe of pronotum less than two-thirds as
long in middle as wide at its posterior margin (20 : 34), and about five-sevenths
as wide at the well-developed anterior collar as at its posterior margin ; sides
convex, widest part well below the middle; posterior lobe of pronotum rather
134 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
more than three times as wide across humeral angles as long in middle (48 : 15) ;
surface rather obscurely and sparsely punctate; posterior margin broadly
emarginate above scutellum ; humeral angles rounded projecting only slightly
beyond the costal margins of hemielytra. Scutellum about five-sevenths as
wide at base as long; somewhat irregularly punctate along lateral margins of
apical half; disc sparsely and obscurely punctate. Hemielytra much more
densely and irregularly punctate than in O. ventralis ; the clavus with three
distinct rows of punctures, the inner and outer rows running along the extreme
inner and outer margins; a fourth short irregular row running between the
median row and that nearest the scutellum is almost contiguous with the median
row ; corium with two distinct rows, one along the margin by the claval suture,
the other along Cu, ; the rest of the cor1um except the costal border and narrow
strips along the R+M row, and between the cubital and sutural rows, more
or less regularly punctate ; all punctures giving rise to moderately long semi-
erect hairs. Anterior femora armed on posterior side with five spines, one
moderately large one near the middle of femur, another rather longer placed
towards the apex and slightly curved in that direction, two small ones placed
between the larger spines and one small one between apical large spine and
apex of femur; anterior tibia in male unarmed.
Total length: g¢ 48 mm., 2 5:7 mm. Width across humeral angles :
§$ 1:4 mm., 2 1-6 mm.
Upolu :—Malololelei: 2,000 ft., 1 specimen, 24.11.1924, 2 specimens, (in-
cluding type), 22.11.1924, 2 specimens, vi.1924, 1 specimen, 18.iv.1925, 2 specimens,
21.1v.1925.
Savail :—Fagamalo: 1 specimen, x1.1925.
Belongs to the nietneri—iigriceps group, and distinguished by the rather
broad head, small eyes, broad pronotum and comparatively dense semi-erect
pubescence. Apparently allied to the Cingalese O. (Pamera) flavipes (Motsch.)
Distant.
39. Bedunia insularis Stal.
Bedunia insularis Stal, Enum. Hemipt., IV, p. 146, 1874.
Upolu :—Malololelei: 7 specimens, 24.11.1924; 2,000 ft., 1 specimen,
23.x1.1924 ; 2 specimens, xii.1925.
~Savan :—Salailua: Rain Forest, 2,000-4,000 ft., 1 specimen, 17.v.1924
(Bryan). ‘
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 135
Tutuila :—1,100-1,200 ft., 1 specimen, iv.1918 (Kellers); Afono Trail:
1 specimen, 25.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ; Pago Pago: 1 specimen, 2.x11.1924.
Only known to occur in Samoa. The genus is based on a Philippine species
and Kirkaldy has described a third species native to Fiji.
Bryanella,* gen. n.
Head and pronotum strongly deflexed, head slightly exserted, a little
shorter than wide across eyes (22 : 25); eyes prominent but not stylate ; vertex
three times as wide as diameter of an eye (83:11); ocelli placed posterior to a
line drawn between posterior margins of eyes, further from one another than
from eyes (8:5); base of vertex between the ocelli with a short longitudinal,
rather deep pit or depression; lateral margins of juga distinctly carinate
forming definite supra-antennal ridges; antenniferous tubercles moderately
prominent (seen from above), bucculae very short semicircular, not extending
as far as level of insertion of antennae; rostrum extending to hind coxae, first
segment reaching level of posterior margin of eyes; antennae very long and
slender about as long as the total length of insect including membrane, fourth
segment distinctly thickened. Pronotum with the anterior collar very distinct
somewhat swollen in middle, rather less than one-half as long as the anterior
lobe (6: 14) which is indistinctly separated from posterior lobe ; anterior lobe
two-fifths the length of posterior lobe (14:35), its lateral margins convex not
carinate ; posterior lobe more than twice as wide posteriorly as anterior collar
(94: 40) with its lateral margins straight, not carinate except posteriorly just
above rounded humeral angle where there is a short very distinct ridge abruptly
terminated posteriorly to form a distinct angle or tooth; posterior margin
almost straight. Scutellum longer than broad at base. Hemielytra with
apical three-quarters of costal margin distinctly reflexed, and rather sinuate.
Legs slender, femora not incrassate, unarmed ; posterior tibiae with external
row of distinct bristles.
Genotype :—Bryanella longicornis, sp. n.
This genus seems to be more or less intermediate between the Myodochini
and Rhyparochromini. In the short bucculae, short indistinctly delimited
anterior pronotal lobe, long antennae and bristled hind femora the genus
approaches the Rhyparochromini, but in the well-developed anterior collar and
* Dedicated to Mr. E. H. Bryan, junior, in recognition of his field work in the Samoan Islands.
136 _ INSECTS OF SAMOA. .
non-carinate lateral margins of pronotum, it resembles the Myodochini.. The
short tooth-like ridge on lateral margin of posterior lobe above humeral angle
and the carinate lateral margins of the juga distinguish it at once from all other
genera of both these groups. It has been temporarily referred to the Rhyparo-
chrominae, near Ozophora Uhl.
40. Bryanella longicornis, sp. n. (‘Text-fig. 20).
Colour.—Head fuscous, eyes ferruginous, ocelli red; antennae yellow,
fourth segment ferruginous brown; rostrum yellow with its apex black.
Anterior pronotal collar fulvous yellow, anterior lobe fuscous, posterior lobe
fulvous. yellow with posterior lateral ridges and punctures fuscous. Scutellum
fascous with a median longitudinal stripe on posterior third, fulvous shading to
yellow at apex. Pro- meso- and meta-pleura, fuscous, the acetabulae and the
posterior margins of the metapleura, fulvous. Hemielytra pallid yellow more
or less suffused or dappled with fulvous brown, the costal margin pallid with a
dark fulvous brown spot on a level with apex of clavus and another at apex of
corium ; apical third of clavus in some specimens also brown. Membrane
opaque infumate, a longitudinal spot below the apex of corium a spot at apex
of clavus and the apical area pallid and semi-hyaline. Legs bright yellow ;
coxae ferruginous ; apical halves of femora slightly fulvous, apices of tarsi and
claws brown. Venter shining ferruginous brown.
Structure.—Vertex finely but distinctly punctate, a V-shaped area with its
base at the inter-ocellar pit and an area on each side between ocellus and eye,
smooth impunctate ; upper surface of head rather sparsely covered with pale
depressed hairs and very sparsely with long erect dark hairs; relative lengths
of antennal segments, 18 : 44:33:30; last seement fusiform. Anterior lobe
of pronotum finely punctate around the smooth dull cicatricial areas, with a
certain amount of white pruinosity ; posterior lobe more coarsely punctate ;
whole pronotum covered sparsely with long erect dark hairs. Scutellum more
or less regularly punctate, the median longitudinal fulvous stripe on apical third,
laevigate ; disc with several long erect dark hairs, sometimes with definite
patches of white pruimosity. Pro-, meso- and meta-pleura finely and more or
Jess regularly punctate ; posterior marein of metapleuron impunctate, separated
from rest of pleuron by a deep transverse strongly punctate linear impression.
Hemielytra sparsely covered with long erect hairs; clavus with two distinct
lines of punctures, the area between irregularly punctate ; corium with a dis-
HEMIPTERA--HETEROPTERA. 137
tinct row of punctures down claval suture and a more or less continuous row
of finer punctures along apical margin. Femora with scattered fine brown
points (tubercles ?), tibiae with definite longitudinal rows of similar fine brown
points. Venter covered with moderately long depressed pale hairs.
Total length: ¢ 4 mm., 2 43 mm. Breadth across humeral angles:
6 1:4 mm., 91-7 mm.
Text-Fic. 20.—Bryanella longicornis, gen. et sp. n.: a, dorsal view (legs omitted) ;
b, lateral view of head and thorax.
Upolu :—Malololelei: 1 specimen, 24.11.1924, 1 specimen, 25.11.1924; 2,000 ft.,
1 specimen (type), 12.11.1924, 1 specimen, vi.1924.
Savai :—Safune: Lowlands to 1,000 ft., 1 specimen, 1.v.1924 ; Rain Forest,
2,000—4,000 ft., 3 specimens, 9.v.1924 (Bryan); Salailua: 1 specimen, 21.v.1924,
1 specimen, 22.v.1924 (Bryan).
138 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
41. Aphanus (Elasmolomus) insularis (Kirk.).
Elasmolomus insularis Kirkaldy, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XXXII, p- 360, 1908.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, 9.i11.1924 (Armstrong).
Previously recorded only from Fiji, but allied to the Philippine species
Aphanus (Elasmolomus) v-album Stal.
42. Cligenes swezeyi,* sp. n. (Text-fig. 21).
Colour—Head bright ferruginous brown with a very sparse whitish
pubescence which is longer and more dense apically ; tylus rather paler in
colour, eyes dark brown, ocelli yellow very bright and prominent ; antennae
more or less uniformly fuscous brown
covered with a dense moderately long
pubescence, the three apical segments
also with a few longer erect hairs ;
rostrum yellow. Pronotum semi-shining,
bright coppery red-brown with a fuscous
suffusion on each side of the base of pos-
terior lobe above base of corium ; posterior
lobe regularly covered with very short
silvery hairs arising from punctures ;
anterior lobe with a fine regular pubes-
cence rather denser than that on the
posterior lobe ; propleuron bright velvety
red-brown. Scutellum uniformly ferru-
ginous brown and sparsely covered with
short hairs arising from the punctures ;
meso- and meta-pleura shining ferruginous
: dorsal brown, the evaporative area dark grey
brown. Hemielytra whitish-yellow with
a broad oblique stripe extending inwards and posteriorly from the middle of
costal margin and a large brown spot at apical angle of corium which extends
along apical margin to another larger brown spot occupying the whole of the
inner angle of the corium; the costal oblique stripe tends to fuse with the
TEXT-FIG. 21.—Cligenes swezeyi, sp. n.
view (legs omitted).
* This species is dedicated to Mr. O. H. Swezey, in recognition of his field work in Samoa.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 139
brown area of the inner angle; clavus and corium covered with very short
pale hairs which arise from the punctures; membrane hyaline, uniformly
infumate, Legs yellow, bases of femora more or less infuscate. Venter shining
ferruginous brown covered with a regular fine pubescence, the lateral tricho-
bothria giving rise to four very long upwardly curved pale hairs on each side
and visible from above.
Structure.—9. Head about two-thirds as long as wide across eyes (23 : 32);
vertex more than three times as wide as the width of an eye (20: 6), except at
base, finely rugosely wrinkled ; first segment of antenna extending about half
its length beyond the apex of head; relative lengths of segments 20 : 25 : 20: 24;
rostrum extending to intermediate coxae, the first segment reaching the level
of posterior margin of eye. Pronotum about twice as wide across humeral
angles as long in the middle (62:32) and more than three-fourths as wide
anteriorly as long in the middle (26 : 32); anterior margin broadly emarginate,
lateral margins moderately sinuate, posterior margin strongly emarginate
above base of scutellum; anterior lobe impunctate except along middle of
anterior margin, posterior lobe regularly but finely punctate. Scutellum as
long as wide at base and nearly three times as long as claval commissure (33 : 12) ;
sparsely punctate. Clavus with three distinct rows of punctures ; corium with
a row along claval suture, another along Cu, and the whole of the area between
R-+M and the costal margin, regularly punctate ; area between R+M and Cu,
semi-hyaline ; apical margin sinuate towards inner angle. Legs unarmed.
Total length, 9 2:3 mm. Breadth across humeral angles, 9 1 mm.
Savai :—Safune: Rain Forest 2,000-4,000 ft., 1 2 (type), 9.v.1924 (Bryan) ;
Salailua : 1 specimen, 21.v.1924 (Bryan).
Tutuila :—Pago Pago: 1 specimen, 24.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).
Readily distinguished from all other species by uniformly red-brown pro-
notum and scutellum.
Cligenes swezeyi major, subsp. n.
Colour.—Similar to C. swezeyr but much more sombre the browns less reddish
and the hemielytral markings much less contrasted and more obscure, the brown
oblique costal stripe practically obsolete ; rostrum ferruginous, legs brownish-
yellow.
Structure.—Larger, broader and more robust than C. swezeyi with the head
and pronotum less deflexed. Head about four-fifths as long as broad across
140 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
eyes (27 : 35), vertex about three times as wide as width of an eye (22:7); disc
of vertex distinctly but finely sparsely punctate; first segment of antenna
extending rather more than half its length beyond apex of head ; relative lengths
of segments, 21 : 28:20:24; rostrum with first segment extending to middle
of eye. Pronotum rather less than twice as wide across humeral angles as long
in middle (71 : 37), and about three-fourths as wide anteriorly as long in the
middle (28:37); puncturation stronger than in C. swezeyt. Scutellum about
three times as long as claval commissure (38 : 18).
Total length, 9 2:7 mm. Breadth across humeral angles, 9 1-1 mm.
Upolu :—Malololelei : 1 Q (type), 18.iv.1925.
Family PyRRHOCORIDAE.
43. Dysdercus insularis Stal.
Dysdercus insularis Stal, Enum. Hemipt., I, p. 120, 1870.
Dysdereus insularis Kirkaldy, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 554, 1908.
Upolu:—Apia: 1 specimen, 11.iv.1922, 11 specimens and 2 larvae, 24.xi1.1922
(Armstrong) ; 1 specimen, 111.1924, 1 specimen, x.1924, and 1 specimen, 1.1925 ;
Siumu: 4 specimens, 24.x1.1923 (Armstrong); Aleipata: 2 specimens, 1v.1924 ;
Lalomanu: 5 specimens, x1.1924.
Manono :—9 specimens, and 1 larva, 10.v1.1924.
Savaii :—Lealatele : 2 specimens, xi.1925.
Tutuila :—Amauli: 18 specimens, 5.ix.1923 (Bryan) ; 5 specimens, 5.1x.1923
(Swezey and Wilder) ; Leone Road : 1 specimen, 18.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).
Manua Is. :—Tau: 1 specimen, 22.11.1926 (Judd).
Previously recorded only from Fiji, where it is exceedingly common on
land recently under cotton (Knowles), but allied to the Austro-Oriental D. sidae
Montr. and the Malayan D. poecilus H. 8.
44. Dysdercus impictiventris Stal.
Dysdercus impictiventris Stal, Enum. Hemipt., 1, p. 120, 1870.
Dysdercus albescens Walker, Cat. Heteropt. Brit. Mus., V, p. 190, 1872.
Dysdercus impictiventris Kirkaldy, Proc. Linn, Soc. NWS. Wales, XX XIII, p. 354, 1908.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, 1913 (Doane) ; 1 larva, 24.x11.1922 (Armstrong) ;
1 specimen, 13.1x.1923 (Bryan); 4 specimens, 1.1924, 1 specimen, 27.11.1924,
1 specimen, 1.111.1924 (Armstrong) ; 2 specimens, 27.v.1924 (Bryan) ; 2 specimens,
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 141
18.iv.1924, 3 specimens, x.1924, 2 specimens and 2 larvae, 2.x1.1924 (Armstrong) :
Vailima : 3 specimens, vi.1924 (Bryan).
Savai :—Safune: 1 specimen, 15.v.1924 (Bryan).
Tutuila :—1,100-1,200 ft., 1 specimen, iv.1918, 2 specimens, xu1.1918 (Kellers);
Pago Pago: 0-300 ft., 4 specimens, iv.1918 (Kellers) ; 13 specimens and 1 larva,
30.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).
Previously recorded only from Fiji, but allied to the Austro-Oriental species
D. argillaceus Bergr.
Family TINGITIDAE.
Idiocysta, gen. n.
Head above unarmed ; bucculae scarcely extending anteriorly, suddenly
convergent and contiguous so that rostral furrow is closed apically ; antennae
moderately long, two basal segments slightly incrassate, short, the first segment
distinctly longer than second; third segment longest, slender, linear; fourth
fusiform becoming gradually slender towards base; rostrum extending to
middle of mesosternum, not reaching middle coxae. Pronotum tricarinate but
only the median carina visible ; anterior collar extending laterally to bucculae,
only moderately tectiformly elevated dorsally, not globosely dilated, its anterior
margin lightly convexly sinuate; paranota originating just beyond lateral
carinae, strongly dilated and reflexed over disc of pronotum to form two elongate
coarsely reticulate, semi-globose hoods which almost meet over median carina
completely hiding whole of the pronotum except median carina and apex of
pronotum; disc between carinae and below globose paranota covered with
long tomentose pale hairs. Propleuron broad evenly rounded. Hemielytra
complete, extending well beyond apex of abdomen ; in repose their costal margins
sub-parallel feebly sinuate in middle; slightly wider across bases than across
membranes, but very little wider than pronotum at base; discoidal area flat,
scarcely reaching middle of hemielytron ; sub-costal area very narrow, more or
less vertical ; costal area distinctly widened in middle, base reflexed, with a
single row of cells; broad medial region with two rows of cells. Metasternal
orifice with a distinct auriculate lobe. Legs moderately short and slender.
Genotype :—Idiocysta hackeri, sp. n.
Apparently allied to Physatocheila Fieber but the head unarmed, the sub-
costal area of hemielytra narrow and vertical, the costal area widened in the
—“TLintert
142 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
middle and the paranota strongly globosely developed. Differs from Monanthia
in presence of lobe to metasternal orifice.
45. Idiocysta hackeri,* sp. nov. (Text-fig. 22).
Colour.—Head and eyes black, vertex covered with white pruinosity ;
bucculae fuscous; antennae yellow, the fourth segment, except base, black.
rR py 4) aXe
Cf
|
1,
a
G
6.
MOU YUU
A, }
————
LO ea
Text-ria. 22.—Idiocysta hackeri, gen. et. sp. n.: a, dorsal view (antennae and legs omitted) ;
b, lateral view of head and pronotum.
Anterior collar of pronotum pale yellow, the paranota grey with dark fuscous
reticulation ; extreme apex of pronotum and of median carina pale yellow.
Propleura black shading to fuscous along posterior margin. Meso- and meta-
pleura and sterna black, the carinae, the lobe of odoriferous orifice, and posterior
lateral angle of metapleuron, sordid fulvous. Hemielytra black, the costal
* Dedicated to Mr. H. Hacker, of the Queensland Museum, in recognition of his excellent work
on the Australian Tingitidae.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 143
vein at base and in middle, a stripe on vein bounding inner margin of discoidal
area, another along origin of vein running from apex of discoidal area, and the
reticulation of the broad median region of costal area, all sordid yellow ; larger
cells of membrane towards apex greyish fuscous. Legs yellow, apices of tibiae
and tarsi infuscate. Venter black.
Structure.—Head twice as wide as long (24:12); vertex twice as wide
as width of an eye (12 : 6) ; relative lengths of antennal segments, 12 : 7:57 : 32.
Pronotum about five-eighths as wide across widest part as long from anterior
margin of collar to posterior apex (54: 83); paranota about twice as long as
greatest breadth 63:52; coarsely reticulate about 24 cells visible from above
on each lobe, the veins thick ; the mner marginal vein with a few moderately
long hairs ; length of pronotum visible posteriorly, equal in length to anterior
collar in middle ; median carina strongly elevated. Hemielytra widest at level
of apex of pronotum, about half the total length (64 :125); reticulation of
membrane cells equal in size to those of middle of costal area ; reticulation of
discoidal area rather less coarse and of subcostal area moderately fine ; veins
of discoidal area with a few moderately long erect hairs. Bucculae finely
reticulate ; propleura obsoletely punctate posteriorly.
Total length, 2-8 mm. Greatest breadth of pronotum, 0-9 mm.
Upolu :—Tuaefu : 1 specimen, 16.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ; Malololelei :
2,000 ft., 1 specimen (type), vi.1924.
Family REDUVIIDAE
Subfamily Emmstnak.
46. Gardena pacifica Kirk.
Gardena pacifica Kirkaldy, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 371, 1908.
Upolu :—Vailima: 1 winged 9, 10.iv.1925.
This species has hitherto been recorded only from Fiji.
47. Gardena geniculata, sp. n. (Text-fig. 23).
Apterous.—. Dark chestnut-brown, the pro- meso- and meta-nota laterally
and the abdomen (except some obscure fulvous markings) blackish-brown.
Sides of posterior lobe of head dark brown, with a pale stripe behind eye; eyes
black. Antennae dark brown, the first segment except apical eighth, pale
brown ; extreme apices of first, second, and third segments sordid white. Coxae
144 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
and trochanters dark brown; anterior femora, tibiae and tarsi, chestnut brown
with the apical eighth of femur and extreme base of tibia sordid white; base
TEx?-FIG. 23.—Gardena geniculata, sp. n.: a, dorsal view of head and pronotum ;
b, lateral view of same; c¢, anterior leg.
and apex of brown part of femur and tibia, darker; spines on femora black with
brown base. Intermediate and posterior femora pale brown the apices white
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 145
bounded basally with a broad blackish-brown annulation ; intermediate and
posterior tibiae pale brown gradually becoming darker towards the extreme
bases which are white.
Structure.—Head with anterior lobe slightly longer than posterior lobe
(25 : 23), the latter slightly shorter than width of head across eyes (23 : 24) ;
antennae very long and slender, first and second segments equal in length,
third very short, fourth rather more than three times as long as third ; relative
lengths of segments 280: 280:15:50. Pronotum rather less than twice as
long as head (82 : 48), the basal lobe (fitting over apex of mesonotum) very short.
Visible part of mesonotum slightly shorter than head (45 : 48), rather obscurely
tri-suleate ; metanotum rather shorter than mesonotum (40:45), obscurely
tricarinate. Relative lengths of anterior coxae, femora, tibiae and_ tarsi,
130: 198: 107:17; femur armed with six long spines, about ten shorter spines
and numerous small spines; distance from base of femur to first long spine
rather longer than from apex of femur to last long spine (60:50). Relative
lengths of intermediate femur and tibia, 362 : 507, and of posterior femur and
tibia 497: 710. Abdomen more than one-half longer than head and thorax
together (365 : 215), slightly and gradually widened towards apex.
Total length, 20 mm.
Upolu :—Malololelei: 1 @ (type), 2,000 ft., 25.11.1924.
Closely allied to Gardena pacifica Kirk., but differing in the well-marked
white apices of the femora, and in the armature of the anterior femora, which
bear six instead of five long spines.
48. Luteva* insolida B. White (Text-fig. 24).
Luteva insolida Buchanan White, Ann. Mag. Nat., Hist., (4), XX, p. 113, 1877.
Plowaria collenetti Cheesman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9), XTX, p. 95, 1927.
Miss Cheesman’s species is apparently synonymous with the Hawatan
Luteva insolida B. White, and, as her description was based on very poorly
preserved material from the Marquesas, while that of B. White is somewhat
inadequate, it has been thought advisable to redescribe the species from the
Samoan specimen.
REDESCRIPTION :—
Colour—g. Head including rostrum pale brown, region between eye and
insertion of antennae, darker; antennae uniformly deep castaneous brown ;
* Plovarva McAtee and Malloch (nec Scopoli ?), Phil. Journ. Sci., XXX, 1, p. 139, 1926.
II. 3.
146 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
eyes black. Pro- and meso-nota and pleura castaneous brown with a rather
obscure broad pallid longitudinal median stripe extending from anterior margin
of pronotum to apex of scutellum which is brown ; posterior margin of pronotum
pale brown ; meta-notum and pleuron brown, the posterior apex of meta-notum
darker ; pro- meso- and meta-sterna pallid. Hemielytra greyish-white ; veins
fuscous except cubital (anal ?) vein and apical half of costal and subcostal veins
which are orange-yellow and the bifurcation of R + M at base of discal cell and
basal half of Sc which are greyish-white ; basal half of costal cell, outer half
of basal cell, claval margin, basal angle of discal cell, a long stripe along apical
half of Se, a large oval spot in middle of discal cell, another more elongate in
middle of inner apical cell and smaller spots in the two outer apical cells, all
fuscous brown; margins of veins also infuscate especially cross vein between
apex of Sc and R + M.* hain whitish hyaline. Anterior legs pallid brown _
ie. z —
Re il MG Ui SU
TExt-FIG. 24.—Luteva insolida B. White, hemielytron.
the outer surface of coxae towards apex and the dorsal surface of femora,
especially the apex, and tibiae and tarsi castaneous brown ; bristles on under-
side of femora black. Intermediate and posterior legs castaneous brown the
tibiae gradually becoming paler towards tarsi which are pale; no pallid or
darker annulations present, coxae pale brown. Abdomen dark brown with the
pygophor (hypopygium) and some obscure markings paler.
Structure.—Anterior lobe of head about one and a half times longer than
posterior lobe (15:9); vertex between eyes slightly wider than width of eye
(8:6); transverse impression with its extremities in middle of eye, slightly
posteriorly curved; antennae without long hairs, relative lengths of antennal
segments, 158 : 124:32:16. Pronotum about two-thirds the total lengths of
head (17 : 23), with an obscure median sulcation, the basal lobe very short.
Mesonotum to apex of scutellum as long as from transverse impression of head
to posterior margin of pronotum (28); width across humeral angles equal to
width of head including eyes ; distinctly trisulcate, the lateral sulcations with a
thin white membranous carina running along them. Metanotum about one-
* Homology of veins possibly not correct.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 147
third the length of mesonotum (9:28). Hemielytra extending to apex of
abdomen ; discal cell less than twice as long as vein emitted from its apex.
Relative lengths of anterior coxae, femora tibiae and tarsi, 37:58 : 32:18;
trochanter with a single stout bristle towards apex; spines of femora longest
towards base, becoming gradually shorter towards apex. Relative lengths of
intermediate femora, tibiae and tarsi, 150: 218:7. Relative lengths of posterior
femora, tibiae and tarsi, 213: 324: 7. Posterior surface of hypopygium con-
tinued in a long central spine which extends slightly beyond the apices of
parameres.
Total length, 7-5 mm.
Upolu :—Vailima: 1 g, 8.vi.1924.
Also recorded from Hawaii and the Marquesas (Fatuhiva). Closely allied
to the Philippine Plovaria uniformis McAtee and Malloch, but apparently dis-
tinguished by rather larger size, the pale median longitudinal stripe down pro-
and meso-nota, and the shorter discal cell.
As pointed out by Miss L. E. Cheesman, it is probable that, in spite of the
presence of trochantal spines, this species is more closely related to Luteva
Dohrn than to Ploiaria Scop. McAtee and Malloch (Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 67,
I, p. 49, 1925) have regarded Luteva as synonymous with Plovaria, basing their
argument on the intergradation, which they say occurs in the diagnostic characters
so far considered. This may be so, but we cannot accept their further argument
that one should refrain from recognising what they call an excessive number of
genera, because it makes the construction and use of a generic key difficult.
Genera should be based on phylogeny, not on convenience, and perfectly distinct
genera, even if they “ approach the one species standard,” should not be synony-
mized to facilitate the construction of a key.
49. Luteva subaequalis (McA. and Mall.).
Plovaria subaequalis McAtee and Malloch, Phil. Journ. Sct., XXX, 1, p. 142, 1926.
There is in Buxton’s collection a single damaged specimen, which agrees very
closely with McAtee’s and Malloch’s description of this species. The genitalia
and part of the abdomen are missing, but the reticulate infuscation of the
hemielytra is very distinctive.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, 29.v.1925.
Recorded only from the Philippines.
148 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
50. Empicoris rubromaculatus (Blackb.).
Ploiariodes rubromaculata Blackburn, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, (2), III, p. 349, 1889.
Ploiariodes euryale Kirkaldy, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 372, 1908.
Ploiariodes californica Banks, Psyche, XVI, p. 46, 1909.
Plovariola froggatti Horvath, Ann. Mus. Nat. Hung., XU, pp. 643, fig. 5, 1914.
Empicoris rubromaculatus McAtee and Malloch, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., UX VII, I, p. 16, 1925.
Savaii :—1 specimen, 1,000 ft., 21.xi.1925.
Recorded from California, Missouri, Florida, Virginia, Porto Rico, Brazil
(Madeira ?), N.S. Wales, New Zealand, Fiji and Hawaii.
The variety recorded by McAtee and Malloch from Madeira is probably
identical with Ploiariola scotti Distant. (Seychelles).
51. Empicoris, sp.
This species is apparently closely allied to the Fijian #. calamine Kirk.,
but differs in the more or less regular fuscous annulation of the first antennal
segment and hind femora. It has been thought best not to base a new species
on a fragmentary specimen.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 mutilated specimen, x.1925.
52. Empicoris (Dictynna, nov.) nitidicollis, sp. n. (Text-fig. 25).
Colour.—. Head intensely shining, dark brown, the posterior lobe rather
paler but very dark down the middle line ; underside, between the eyes, with a
dense pad of long erect hairs; eyes black, apices of antenniferous tubercles
pale; rostrum shining brown, the apices of first and second segments, base
of third and commissure pallid. Antenna dark blackish-brown, becoming
paler towards the extremity; the first segment with some obscure fulvous
brown annulations and its apex white, sparsely clothed with long erect hairs ;
second and third segments without annulations, covered with shorter more or
less. depressed hairs. Pronotum intensely shining, dark brown, entirely
glabrous except for a tuft of interlocking silvery hairs in the medial impression
of the anterior lobe. Meso- and meta- nota dull dark brown, the spines pale
brown; mesonotum covered with silvery hairs; pro- meso- and meta-sterna
and pleura intensely shining, black, the pro- and meso-acetabulae pallid ;
prosternum with a pad of pale hairs on each side of the stridulatory groove, the
mesosternum glabrous; the metasternum regularly covered with long fine
erect hairs. Hemielytra almost completely covered with large fuscous areas,
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 149
the narrow intervening spaces whitish hyaline ; stigma uniformly brown, veins
fuscous with certain regions pallid (see figure). Wings hyaline, veins and
membrane along them, especially at apex of wing, infuscate. Anterior leg
dark brown, the base and upper surface of coxae, the trochanter, the basal
LIT om
yy ica
YU?
i
W
Text-rie. 25.—Hmpicoris (Dictynna) nitidicollis, subgen. et. sp. n.: a, lateral view of head and
thorax ; b, hemielytron; c, anterior leg; d, ventral view of base of abdomen, showing
straight posterior margin of first ventrite.
third of underside, two medial annulations and the extreme apex of femur,
extreme base, a sub-basal and a sub-apical annulation of tibia, and base of
tarsus, yellowish-white ; intermediate lee yellowish-white, a spot towards apex
of coxa, seven more or less regular annulations and the apex (broadly) of femur
deep brown, eight annulations and the apical third of tibia brown ; hind leg
150 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
similar to intermediate leg but with the coxa brown except at apex, the femur
with eight or nine annulations and the apex deep brown ; tibia with about ten
annulations and the apical fourth brown. Abdomen dull dark brown becoming
paler on the second and third ventrites, the first ventrite shining black.
Structure.—?. Head about as long as wide across eyes (34:35) with the
anterior and posterior lobes of equal length ; vertex about as wide between eyes
as width of eye (12:11); transverse impression placed on a level with middle
of eye, slightly posteriorly curved; relative lengths of antennal segments
185 : 216: 55 (fourth segment mutilated in type); relative lengths of rostral
segments 24:15:15. Pronotum intensely smooth and shining longer than
broad across humeral angles (46: 40) the posterior lobe nearly three times as
long as the anterior lobe ; medial impression of anterior lobe deep, covered by
interlocking hairs from each side of impression ; disc of posterior lobe strongly
convex, without sulcations, or ridges ; lateral carinae entirely absent. Meso-
and meta-nota with short spines (mesonotal spe broken in type). Hemielytra
shghtly longer than abdomen ; discal cell very long, more than twice as long as
apical vein, without a small basal cell, strongly indented apically ; stigma long
and broad.
Relative lengths of anterior coxa femur, tibia and tarsus, 40 : 93:70:15;
femur with two rows of very short spines and bristles, gradually increasing in
length towards base, less than one-fourth the width of femur in middle but
each row ending at base in a longer spine about one-half width of femur ; tarsus
two segmented. Relative lengths of femur, tibia and tarsus of intermediate leg,
190 : 265: 12, and of posterior leg, 270:410:12. Basal tergite of abdomen
with an erect spine, basal sternite with its posterior margin broadly concave
not deeply angularly emarginate.
Total length, 5 mm.
Upolu :—Malololelei: 1 9 (type), 2,000 ft., 25.11.1924.
Dictynna, subgen. n.
Differs from Hmpicoris in the absence of a deep angular emargination of
the posterior margin of the basal abdominal sternite and in the smooth intensely
shining pronotum with strongly convex posterior lobe entirely without lateral
carinae. The first character is, according to McAtee and Malloch, of generic
importance.
Genotype :—Hmpicoris nitidicollis, sp. n.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 151
Subfamily Sarcrnag.
58. Polytoxus similis, sp. n. (Text-fig. 26).
Polytoxus, sp., Kirkaldy ¢, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 368, 1908.
Colour.—Rather variable. Head above pale fulvous. suffused with pale
red, especially towards apex, below more or less infuscate ; anterior lobe between
eyes also shghtly infuscate in some specimens; eyes black ; first segment of
antennae fulvous tinted with red at base, remaining segments fuscous with pale
YW)
Text-ric. 26.—Polytoxus similis, sp. n.: a, lateral view of head and pronotum; 6, hemielytron ;
c, terminal view of ¢ abdomen.
pubescence ; rostrum fulvous yellow. Pronotum fulvous yellow the anterior
lobe darker and lhghtly suffused with dull red-brown, and with the median line
slightly infuseate ; posterior lobe with a broad median pale fuscous stripe ;
humeral spines yellow with apices infuscate ; propleura sordid yellow, with a
short but broad fuscous stripe laterad of, but touching acetabulae. Meso-
and meta-nota fuscous the spmes fulvous with apices fuscous; meta- and
152 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
meso-pleura fuscous. Hemielytra pale yellow ; with a percurrent longitudinal
stripe, extending from base of clavus to apex of membrane, fuscous becoming
pale towards apex of membrane ; stigma sometimes with a pale pink suffusion
the vein bounding it internally also tinged with pink. Legs fulvous yellow,
apices of femora and bases of tibiae bright red ; apices of tibiae especially anterior
tibiae, fulvous, tarsi infuscate. Abdomen sordid yellow with a broad somewhat
suffused fuscous stripe down each side.
Structure.—-2. Head about one and a half times longer than wide across
eyes (35:23); the anterior lobe, excluding region anterior to insertion of
antennae, equal in length to posterior lobe (13); posterior lobe slightly wider
than anterior lobe between eyes (19:17); transverse impression between lobes
placed slightly behind level of posterior margins of eyes, not strongly concave ;
relative lengths of antennal segments 140: 58:85:45. Posterior lobe of
pronotum two-thirds the length of anterior lobe (20 : 30); width across humeral
angles about four-fifths the total length of pronotum (38 : 50); pronotal spines
about as long.as posterior lobe in the middle (20) inclined laterally and slightly
anteriorly. Mesonotal spine about as long as pronotal spines and inclined
slightly posteriorly, metanotal spine short about one-fourth length of mesonotal
spine. Hemielytra extending to apex of abdomen, basal membranal cell narrow,
more or less parallel sided, apical membranal cell large, its apical marginal vein
strongly bent to form a rectangular indentation (see fig. 26b). Relative lengths
of femur tibia and tarsus, anterior leg, 96:110:29; intermediate leg,
120: 132:24; posterior leg, 200: 245:25. Posterior lateral angles of last
segment of connexivum (9) obtuse not produced into an acute tooth or spine.
Male genitalia figured (26c).
Total length: 2 10-5 mm., 3 10-3 mm.
Upolu :—Tuaefu : Sliding Rock, 1 larva, 16.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ;
Apia: 1 Q (type), 13.iv.1924 (Armstrong); Vailima: 1 specimen, 1.1.1925,
1 specimen, 2.1.1925.
Tutuila :—Pago Pago: 1 specimen, 30.1x.19238 (Swezey and Wilder) ;
Amauli: 1 specimen, 5.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); Afono Trail: 5 specimens
(1 broken), 25.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).
Closely allied to the New Caledonian Polytoxus acanthifera Montr. and Sign.
(=P. acanthophorus Stal), which | know only from description, and possibly
only a subspecies. Differs in the smaller size, less distinctive coloration, and
in first two antennal segments not being yellow.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA, 153
SuBFAMILY STENOPODINAE.
54. Sastrapada hopkinsi,* sp. n. (Text-fig. 27).
Colour.—3 and 9. Head dull greyish-yellow with a broad composite brown
band down each side of both lobes, and a brown spot on outer side of antenni-
Pon ny ae
‘Trext-Fic. 27.—Sastrapada hopkins, sp. n.: a, dorsal view of head, pronotum and scutellum ;
0, lateral view of head and thorax ; c, anterior leg; d, lateral view. of apex of 3 abdomen ;
e, dorsal view of same ; f, hemielytron.
ferous tubercle ; eyes yellow, black in 9; antennae with first segment dull
yellow, a small brown spot at its base on outer side, and its apex brown ; remain-
* This species is dedicated to Mr. G. H. K. Hopkins, the junior collector.
5*
154 : INSECTS OF SAMOA. |,
ing segments infuscate ; rostrum yellow with a brown stripe down each side of
first segment and the apical segment brown. Pronotum and scutellum dull
yellow ; pro- meso- and meta-pleura more or less infuscate the pale pubescence
restricted to longitudinal stripes giving a striated brown and yellow appearance.
Metasternum with a median dark brown stripe. Hemielytra more or less
greyish-yellow, the costal margin rather darker, the membrane with a suspicion
of mottling ; a brown spot over vein at base of internal membranal cell. Inner
surface and two broad transverse stripes on outer surface of anterior coxae,
brown ; inner surface of anterior femur except for some longitudinal yellow
striation, a narrow percurrent line along spines, another line broken into four
pieces, and some mottling between the lines, brown ; short spines brown, large
spines pale yellow with brown tips. Inner surface of apex of middle femur
brown and of hind femur slightly infuscate, underside of base and the apex of
anterior and intermediate tibiae brown; hind tibiae pale yellow; all tarsi
brown. Abdomen brownish-yellow, spiracles brown, disc of venter with two
percurrent parallel brown lines thickened at base of each segment and fusing on
ultimate segment, sometimes almost obsolete.
Structure—3. Head slightly shorter than pronotum (75:85) anterior
longer than posterior lobe (45 : 25); anterior lobe with two short forward spines
between antennae but unarmed down sides either by spines or bristles ; posterior
lobe with a row of six bristle-bearing tubercles down each side and with two
similar tubercles and several smaller ones along posterior margin ; first rostral
segment extending to middle of eyes ; first antennal segment equal in length
to head; relative length of segments, 75: 105: 24 (last segment mutilated in
type). Pronotum less than twice as long as wide at base (85:50); humeral
angles moderately elevated and acute but not spined ; anterior propleural spine
moderately short less than the diameter of an eye. Hemielytra extending to
about three-fourths the length of abdomen (to fifth visible spiracle). Anterior
coxae not extending to base of prosternum, armed with several short spines ;
the femur with four large spines in anterior percurrent row and two in shorter
posterior row of short spines; femur longer than tibia, about as long as from
anterior margin of eyes to posterior margin of pronotum. Relative lengths of
anterior coxa, femur, tibia and tarsus, 25:125:110:27; intermediate leg,
140 : 150: 24; posterior leg, 246 : 290: 27. Last abdominal tergite in male with
posterior margin broadly concave, the posterior lateral angles only moderately
acute and not extending beyond apex of pygophor.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 155
Total length: ¢ 16-3 mm., 9 19 mm.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 9, 30.v.1924, 1 3 (type), 1.1925, 2 larvae, iv.1925, 1 9,
28.1V.1925.
Closely allied to the Philippine S. lurida Stal, but differs in the absence of a
median fuscous annulation to anterior tibiae, and in having the first segment
of antennae equal in length to the head. Tryon’s description of S. novaeguinensis
Q (Fergusson Is.), except for the smaller size, agrees with the Samoan specimens
as does Montrouzier’s meagre description of the New Caledonian S. armata, but
as both these descriptions could apply to several species it has been thought
advisable, without having seen the types, to describe the Samoan species as new
rather than risk an erroneous determination.
55. Oncocephalus pacificus Kirk.
— Oncocephalus pacificus Kirkaldy, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 368, 1908.
Samoa :—2 specimens, 11.—viil.1921 (O’Connor).
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, 30.11.1922 and 1 specimen, 5.v.1924 (Arm-
strong) ; 1 specimen, x.1924 and 1 specimen, x.1925.
These specimens agree very well with Kirkaldy’s poor deerer on of O.
pacificus and with Fijian examples. In some specimens the fuscous mottling
on the hind femora is absent and only the apical third is fuscous. This species
is more closely related to the Philippine O. assimilis Reuter and the N. Australian
O. confusus Reuter than to the Mascarene O. angulatus Reut. to which species it
was compared by Kirkaldy.
Recorded only from Fiji.
Subfamily ACANTHASPINAE.
56. Peregrinator biannulipes (Montr. et Sign.).
Opiscoetus biannulipes Montrouzier et Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, (4), I, p. 69, 1861.
Microcleptes biannulipes Stal, Kongl. Svensk. Vet.-Ak. Handl., XII, 1, p. 79, 1874.
Reduvius laniger Butler, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4), XVII, p. 411, 1876.
Alloeocranum biannulipes Kirkaldy, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 369, 1908.
Peregrinator biannulipes China, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9), XV, p. 164, 1925.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, x.1925.
Recorded from Central America, Cuba, Réunion, Rodriguez, Philippines,
New Caledonia and Fiji; apparently widely distributed.
156 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
Family NABIDAE.
57. Arbela* costalis Stal.
Arbela costalis Stal, Kongl. Svensk. Vet.-Ak. Handl., XI, 2, p. 111, 1873.
Upolu :—Apia: 1 specimen, 28.x.1923 (Armstrong) ; 2 specimens, 12.1x.1923,
1 larva, 13.i1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ; 4 specimens, 11.1924, 1 specimen, 2.111.1924,
1 specimen, v.1924, 2 specimens, vi.1924, 2 specimens, 8.1x.1924, 2 specimens,
iv.1925; Tuaefu: Sliding Rock, 5 specimens, 16.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ;
Vaea: 1,100 ft., 4 specimens, 25.iv.1924 (Bryan); Vailima: 3 specimens,
25.x.1924; Lalomanu: 3 specimens, xi.1924; Malololelei: 2,000 ft., 2 speci-
mens, 12.111.1924, 1 specimen, 1v.1924.
Savaii :—Salailua: 2 specimens and 1 larva, 21.v.1924; Lowlands to
1,000 ft., 3 specimens, 16.v.1924 (Bryan); Lower Forest, 1,000-2,000 ft., 1
specimen, 17.v.1924 (Bryan); Rain Forest, 2,000-4,000 ft., 1 larva, 17.v.1924
(Bryan); Safune: 5 specimens, 4.v.1924 (Bryan); Lowlands to 1,000 ft., 2
specimens, 30.iv.1924 (Bryan); Lower Forest, 1,000-2,000 ft., 2 specimens,
11.v.1924 (Bryan) ; Tuasivi: 5 specimens, 9.11.1924.
Tutuila :—760-900 ft., 4 specimens, iv.1918 (Kellers); 1,100—1,200 ft.,
2 specimens, iv.1918 (Kellers); Pago Pago: 0-300 ft., 4 specimens, iv.1918
(Kellers) ; 1 specimen, 10.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder), 3 specimens, 12.iv.1924
(Bryan), 1 specimen, 14.x11.1925 ; Fagasa: 4 specimens, 9.1x.1923 (Swezey and
Wilder) ; Leone Road: 7 specimens, 7.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ; Amauli:
6 specimens, 5.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).
Manua Is. :—Tau: 6 specimens, 17.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder), 1 specimen,
27.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).
Recorded only from Fiji. The sexual dimorphism of the hind tibiae
exhibited in the Philippine A. nitedula Stal is absent in this species, the hind
tibiae in the male being without a basal thickening.
Arbela costalis Stal flavicollis, var. n.
There are three specimens of Arbela costalis in which the posterior lobe of
the pronotum is entirely yellow. These I propose to regard as a distinct variety.
Savai :—Safune: Rain Forest, 2,000—4,000 ft., 1 2 (type), 8.v.1924 (Bryan) ;
Tuasivi: 1 specimen, 9.11.1924.
Tutuila :—Pago Pago: 1 specimen, 9.ix.1923 (Swezey).
* Acanthobrachys (Fieber 1861) Breddin 1905, nec Jekel 1857 (Coleoptera), vide Reuter, Mém.
Soc. Ent. Belg., XV, p. 125, 1908.
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 157
58. Reduviolus capsiformis (Germ.).
Nabis capsiformis Germar, Silbermann Rev. Ent., V, p. 132, 1837.
Reduviolus innotatus B. White, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4), XX, p. 112, 1877.
Reduviolus, sp. ? Kirkaldy, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, XX XIII, p. 366, 1908.
Reduviolus capsiformis Reuter, Mém. Soc. Ent. Belg., XV, p. 114, 1908 (synonymy).
Reduviolus capsiformis Kirkaldy, Faun. Hawaw, Hemipt., Suppl., p. 546, 1909.
Samoa :—1 adult and 1 larva, 11.-vil. 1921 (O’Connor).
Upolu :—Apia: 8 specimens, on “ Bermuda grass and Sporobolus,”
12.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); 1 specimen, 1.1924, 2 specimens, 11.1924, 3
specimens, 111.1924, 1 specimen, vi.1924; Malololelei: 1 specimen, 24.11.1924 ;
2,000 ft., 1 specimen, 12.ii1.1924, 1 specimen, 25.iv.1924, 4 specimens, vi.1924,
1 specimen, 20.vi.1924, 1 specimen, 28.vi.1924, 1 specimen, 21.iv.1925, 1 specimen,
28.x1.1924, 2 specimens, vii.1925 (Wilder) ; Lalomanu: 1 specimen, x1.1924 ;
Afiamalu : 1 specimen, 11.vii.1925 (Wilder).
Savaii :—1,000 ft., 1 specimen, 21.x1.1924 ; Tuasivi: 1 specimen, 9.11.1924 ;
Safune : 1 specimen, 4.v.1924 (Bryan) ; Lower Forest, 1,000-2,000 ft., 2 speci-
mens, 5.v.1924 (Bryan).
Tutuila :—Pago Pago : 0-300 ft., 4 specimens, iv.1918 (Kellers) ; 760-900 ft.,
2 specimens, iv.1918 (Kellers) ; 4 specimens, 20.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).
Manua Is. :—Tau: 2 specimens, “ grass,” 27.1x.1923 (Swezey).
The Samoan specimens agree very well with the type of the Hawaiian R.
mnotatus B. White, which is apparently teneral. Reuter has identified this
species with the almost cosmopolitan R. capsiformis Germar. With this I
am not entirely in agreement, for, although as pointed out by Reuter this species
is very variable, it seems more than probable that several subspecies, at least,
are involved. Apart from the question of pterygo-dimorphism, the Pacific
Island forms differ markedly from the typical Mediterranean and South African
form in the much smaller size of the membrane. The hind femur and the second
antennal segment in the Samoan specimens are distinctly longer than in Hawaiian
specimens, although the shape of the male parameres is the same.
In the Pacific region this species occurs in Hawau, Fiji, Tonga, Savage Is.
(Niue), Tahiti and Raiatea.
59. Reduviolus annulipes, sp. n. (Text-fig. 28).
Colour.—g and 2. Head greyish pubescent, with a broad dark brown stripe
down each side in front of and behind the eye and including buccula and antenni-
158 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
ferous tubercle ; a non-pubescent quadrangular spot above each ocellus, basal
half of clypeus, and eyes brown ; rostrum fulvous yellow the second segment
shading to brown at base, the first shining brown; labrum and apical half of
clypeus, fulvous; first antennal segment brown, with a median annulation
Trext-ric. 28.—Reduviolus annulipes, sp. n.: a, hemielytron; 6, dorsal view of head, pronotum
and seutellum ; c, d, and e, anterior intermediate and posterior legs, showing colour pattern ;
f, lateral view of male pygophor, showing left paramere.
yellow and a broad apical annulation fulvous orange ; second segment fulvous
with base and a subapical annulation fuscous, apex pale fulvous; third and
fourth segments greyish pubescent basal half of third fulvous, its extreme base
pallid. Anterior lobe of pronotum brown with a greyish pubescent pattern,
the apical margin of collar and lateral carinae yellow ; posterior lobe sordid
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 159
yellow, with a definite fuscous pattern consisting of three irregular longitudinal
stripes and a spot over each humeral angle ; lateral margin and posterior carinate
margin yellow. Propleuron sordid yellow more or less covered with a broad
longitudinal brown stripe extending from anterior margin of collar, over base
of acetabula to posterior margin, the posterior lateral angle yellow. Scutellum
fuscous with a yellow V-shaped elevation on apical two-thirds. Mesopleuron
fuscous with an irregular whitish pubescent area; acetabula pallid. Meta-
pleuron pale yellow internally, dark fuscous externally. Hemielytra fulvous
yellow with variable and irregular fuscous markings and the discal and apical
cell of corium largely fuscous, corium sometimes with a distinct subapical
fuscous band ; veins, especially apically, whitish-yellow ; apical angle of corium
beyond transverse fuscous band pale yellow; membrane smoky, the veins
infuscate. Coxae and trochanters yellow; anterior femur sordid yellow with
an apical and a broad irregular subapical fuscous annulation, its sides each with
a row of oblique convexly elevated shining brown spots; anterior tibia yellow
with apex, two median and one sub-basal fuscous annulations, minute spines
black ; middle femora pale yellow with an apical and two median annulations
and one or two spots towards base, fuscous; middle tibia with an apical, two
median and a sub-basal annulation fuscous. Hind femora and tibiae pale yellow,
sometimes shaded with fulvous, each with an apical, five median and a sub-basal
annulation, fuscous; all tarsi fuscous with apices of second segments pale.
Venter fulvous yellow, with a dark shining brown stripe down each side within
the connexivum and expanding apically to form large spots on the seventh and
ninth ventrites ; basal half of ovipositor brown, apical half yellow ; apical lateral
margin of ninth ventrite whitish-yellow ; connexivum brown, tinted with bright
red, each segment with a small elongate yellow spot in middle around spiracle ;
dorsum brown, the basal tergites yellow.
Structure.—Q. Narrow elongate, more than five times as long as wide across
base of pronotum. Head exserted; beyond eyes, elongate with sides more
or less parallel gradually converging anteriorly, nearly twice as long as postocular
region (15:8); eye equal in width to frons between eyes, and about four-fifths
as long as ante-ocular region of head (12:15); rostrum extending to meso-
sternum ; relative lengths of segments 9: 33:32:13; first antennal segment
slender, distinctly longer than head (48 : 35); relative lengths of antennal seg-
ments (2) 48: 70:70:45. Pronotum more than twice as wide at base as at
pronotal collar (46:19); the anterior lobe about two and a half times (18 : 7),
160 INSECTS OF SAMOA.
the posterior lobe three times (21) as long as anterior collar. Scutellum equi-
lateral ; disc strongly impressed and surrounded apically by a V-shaped ridge.
Hemielytra extending well beyond apex of abdomen, membrane with three basal
cells containing auxillary veinlets, wing cell with a distinct hamus arising from
connecting vein close to decurrent vein. Front femora moderately incrassate,
unarmed, beneath densely pilose, distinctly longer than head and pronotum
together, and slightly longer than tibiae. Middle and hind legs long and slender,
the hind femur extending slightly beyond apex of abdomen. Relative lengths
of femur, tibia and tarsus: front leg 85:75:14; middle leg 85:83:14; hind
leg 120:150:17. Venter strongly delimited from connexivum by a deep
furrow ; sternites without lateral glabrous spots ; left paramere in male similar
in general shape to that of R. capsiformis but much longer and narrower and
comparatively much smaller.
Total length: ¢ 8-5, 9 9-5 mm.
Upolu :—Malololelei : 2 adult specimens and 1 larva, 24.11.1924, 2 specimens,
25.11.1924, 3 specimens, 10.111.1924, 4 specimens, vi.1924, 2 specimens, 17.vi.1924,
2 specimens, 20.v1.1924, 1 specimen, 28.vi.1924, 1 specimen, 14—30.vi.1924, 3
specimens (including type), 28.x1.1924, 1 specimen, 1.1.1925, 4 specimens, 21 .1v.1925.
Savaii :—Salailua : 1 specimen, 19.v.1924 (Bryan).
Very variable in colouring but readily distinguished from all other species
of Redwolus by the multiannulate femora and tibiae and the narrow elongate
form. Apparently most closely related to the subgenus Stenonabis Reuter, but
differing in origin of wing cell hamus and in the longer pronotum with non-
punctate posterior lobe.
Family CrmicrpDar.
60. Cimex hemipterus Fabr.
Cimex hemipterus Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 113, 1803.
Acanthia rotundatus Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, (2), X, p. 540, pl. 16 fig. 2, 1852.
Acanthia macrocephala Fieber, Europ. Hemipt., p. 135, 1861.
Klinophilos horrifer Kirkaldy, Bull. Inverpool Mus., U1, p. 45, 1899.
Cimexz hemipterus Horvath, 1X*° Congres International Zoologie, Monaco, p. 297, 1914.
Clinocoris hemipterus Rothschild, Bull. Ent. Research, IV, p. 345, 1914.
Cimex rotundatus Buxton and Hopkins, Researches in Polynesia and Melanesia, I-IV, p. 54, 1927.
Upolu :—Apia: 2 99, 1 ¢ and 8 larvae, ‘in Chinese quarters,” x.1925.
Distributed throughout the Ethiopian, Mascarene, and Oriental Regions, in
HEMIPTERA—HETEROPTERA. 161
which vast area, according to Horvath, it is an autochthonous species. In New
Guinea it is found only in the dwellings of Huropeans, Chinese and Malays, and
has probably been introduced within historic times. In the Antilles and Brazil
C. hemipterus occurs only locally, and Horvath has suggested that it was introduced
into America during the negro slave-trade period.
Recorded from New Hebrides by Buxton and Hopkins, and apparently
replaced in Hawaii by C. lectularvus L.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
LIST OF TEXT-FIGURES.
. Glaucias samoanus, sp. n.: a, terminal view of male pygophor, showing parameres ;
b, ventral view of female genital plates.
. Riptortus insularis, sp. n.: a, dorsal view of head, pronotum and scutellum ; 6, terminal
view of male pygophor.
. Riptortus insularis, sp. n.: lateral view of head and thorax.
. Riptortus tutwilensis, sp. n.: a, dorsal view of head, pronotum and scutellum ; 6, hind
leg.
. Riptortus tutuilensis, sp. n.: lateral view of head and thorax.
. Chiastoplonia pygmaea, gen. et. sp. n.: dorsal view (legs omitted).
. Pictinus pacificus, sp. n.: a, dorsal view of head, pronotum and scutellum ; b, antenna ;
c, ventral view of abdomen, showing position of spiracles.
. Clenoneurus samoanus, sp. n.: dorsal view (legs omitted).
. Carventus kirkaldyi, sp. n.: dorsal view (legs omitted).
. Protacanthus pacificus, sp. n.: lateral view of head and thorax, showing median pronotal
keel.
. Nesostethus niger, sp. n.: dorsal view (legs omitted).
. Nysius pacificus, sp. n.: a, dorsal view of head, pronotum and scutellum; 6, lateral
view of head and thorax ; c, hemielytron.
. Germalus samoanus, sp. n.: dorsal view (legs omitted).
. Lateral view of head and thorax of: a, Germalus samoanus, sp. n.; b, Germalus buxtont,
sp. n.
. Germalus buxtoni, sp. n.: dorsal view (legs omitted).
. Dorsal view of apical abdominal tergite overlapping male pygophor: a, Germalus
samoanus, sp. n.; 6, Germalus buxtont, sp. n.
. Neocrompus kellersi, sp. n.: a, dorsal view (legs omitted) ; 6, lateral view of head and
prothorax.
. Dorsal view (legs omitted) of : a, Orthaea ventralis, sp. n; b, Orthaea puberula, sp. n.
. Orthaea puberula, sp. n.: a, fore femur and tibia, 3; Orthaea ventralis, sp. n.: 6, fore
femur and tibia, 9; ¢, lateral view of abdomen, showing shape of ventral pallid spot.
. Bryanella longicornis, gen. et. sp. n.: a, dorsal view (legs omitted); 6, lateral view of
head and thorax.
. Clagenes swezeyr, sp. n.: dorsal view (legs omitted).
. Idiocysta hackeri, gen. et. sp. n.: a, dorsal view (antennae and legs omitted) ; b, lateral
view of head and pronotum.
ig. 23.
. 24.
. Empicoris (Dictynna) nitidicollis, subgen. et. sp. n.: a, lateral view of head and thorax ;
ig. 28.
INSECTS OF SAMOA.
Gardena genculata, sp. n.: a, dorsal view of head and pronotum; b, lateral view of
same ; ¢, anterior leg.
Luteva insolida B. White, hemielytron.
b, hemielytron ; c, anterior leg; d, ventral view of base of abdomen, showing
straight posterior margin of first ventrite.
. Polytoxus similis, sp. n.: a, lateral view of head and pronotum; 6, hemielytron ;
c, terminal view of 3 abdomen.
. Sastrapada hopkinsi, sp. n.: a, dorsal view of head, pronotum and scutellum ; 6, lateral
view of head and thorax ; c, anterior leg ; d, lateral view of apex of g abdomen ;
e, dorsal view of same ; f, hemielytron.
Reduviolus annulipes, sp. n.: a, hemielytron; 6, dorsal view of head, pronotum and
scutellum ; ¢, d, and e, anterior intermediate and posterior legs, showing colour
pattern ; f, lateral view of male pygophor, showing left paramere.
PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, LONDON AND BECCLES.
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INSECTS OF SAMOA
AND OTHER SAMOAN TERRESTRIAL
ARTHROPODA
LIST OF PARTS AND SYSTEM OF PUBLICATION :—
Part 1. Orthoptera and Dermaptera.
, Il. Hemiptera.
II]. Lepidoptera.
»» IV. Coleoptera.
5 Vi Hymenoptera.
» MI. Diptera.
VII. Other Orders of Insects.
ys WIH. Terrestrial Arthropoda other than Insects.
IX. Summary and Index.
39
The work is published at intervals in the form of numbered fascicles.
Although individual fascicles may contain contributions by more than one
author, each fascicle is so arranged as to form an integral portion of one or
other of the Parts specified above.
List of Fascicles issued to 26th July, 1930:—
Insects of Samoa and other Samoan Terrestnal Arthropoda. Maps | and Date Issued.
2 (in envelope). 1927, 4to. 6d. 26th February, 1927.
Part I. OrTHopTERA AND DERMAPTERA. | eee
Fasc. 1. Dermaptera. By Dr. Alfredo Borelli. Pp. 1-8, 1928, 4to. Is. 28th July, 1928.
ie Fasc. 2. Orthoptera. By Dr. L. Chopard. 51 text-figures. Pp, 9-58. 1929,4to. 5s. 26th January, 1929,
Part II. HeMIPTERA.
Fase. 1. Fulgoroidea. By F. Mur. 25 text-figures. Psyllide (Chermide). _ By
Prof, D. L. Crawford. 4 text-figures. Coccide, Aphidide an eyrodi co
By F. Laing, M.A., B.Sc. 3 text-figures. Pp. 1-45. 1927, 4to. 2s. 6d. 25th June, 1927.
Fasc, 2. Cercopide. By V. Lallemand, M.D, 10 text-figures. Cicadide. By
a G. Myers, Sc.D. 22 text-figures. ” Aquatic and Semi-aquatic Heteroptera.
y Prof. Teiso Esaki. 6 text-figures. Pp. 47-80. 1928. 4to, 2s. 6d. - 23rd June, 1928.
Fasc. 3. Heteropt By W. E. China, B.A. (Cantab 28 fi :
Pp. 81-162, 1930, 4to. 5s, cee eee eee Wth July, 1930.
Part IJ]. Leprpoprera.
Fasc. |. Butterflies of Samoa and some neighbouring Island-groups. a G.H. E.
Hopkins, M.A., F.E.S. 1 text-figure and 4 plates. Pp. 1 “64, 1927, 4to. 5s. 9th April, 1927.
Fasc. 2. Micro-Lepidoptera. By Edward M. ick, BA. F.RS. Pp. 65-116.
as Mice re optera. By Edward Meyri i) 28th May, 1927.
Fasc, 3. Geometrid By B, Prout, FES. 2 text-fi d 1 plate.
Be Tee OE die a Bo unr SOARN Whack 1998:
List of Fascicles So to 26th July, 1930 (continued) :—
Part IV. CoLeoprerRA.
Fasc. 1. Carabide. By H. E. ae: oe ct Beare Dytiscide. By A. Date Issued.
immermann. 2 ei S| Staphylinide. By M. Cameron, M.B. 2 text-
figures. Hydrophilide. a ered ie Pet re eke and
Lamellicornia. By G, J. Arr ser 13 text-figures. Sob
Fasc. 2. Heteromera, Bostrychoidea, patna e Beareges By K.G.
Blair, B.Sc. text-figures. Elateride. . van Zwaluwenberg. 10
text-f res. Mel aude i cecnide): By By Fleutiaux. Cerambycide. By
hee A rivillius. late. Brenthide. By R. Kleine. 4 text-figures.
Aothride By Kare ordan, Ph.D. 11 text-figures. Proterhinide. By
C.L. Perkins, DSc., F.R.S. | Pp. 67-174. 1928, 4to. 5s. 25th February, 1928.
Fasc. 3. Throscide. By K. G. Blair, B.Sc. 1 text-figure. C somelida.
eS Maulik, M.A. 18 text-figures. Pp. 175-215. 1929, 4to. 2s. 6d. 23rd February, 1929.
Fasc. 4. Pl. did d Scolytid By C. F.C. B : DSc. 13 texte
eee! Ppv7-248, 920, to. 2s 61 CO ua Domitian eee
Part V. HyMENOPTERA.
Fasc. 1. Apoidea, Sphecoidea, and Vespoides: By R. C. L : Perisne E D.Sc.,
E-R:S., and_L. ae Cheesman, F.ES., F.Z.S. 12 text-figures. Larride.
By Francis X." Williams. 12 text-figures. Formicide. By Br. F. Santschi.
9 text-figures. Pp. 1-58. 1928, 4to. 5s. 25th February, 1928.
Parr VI. Diptera.
Fasc. 1. Streblide and Nycteribiide. By L. Fal 7 te t-fi Hi
“beeciae By Gran WG teztcReares: Pp. ean 1927, igus, Hippo. 23rd July, 1927.
Fasc. 2. Nematocera. ByF,W.Edwards, MA. 20text-figures. serine:
By H. F. Barnes, B.A., Ph h.D. 4 text-figures. Pp. 23-1 108. 19
a 3. ci gis Tabanide and ee By Gertrude wo E text-
figures. Larve a aoe lide. A: pad M.A. 2 text-figures.
eee ee Pane = NE Oe “ m Bseb. 8 sae lay as yk Mel By
text- A
Pp. lo. R520, dio es te ee 1th May, 1929.
Fes t ae and See By J. E. Collin. 7 text-figures.
Syrph ue e. y, Bee t. s ee te ie Bue Clusi ae FRR: .
ne aero ae. By alloc text-figures. Pp — 27th July, 1929.
F 5. Ortalidae R. Malloch. 6 text-fi Calliphorid: B
TR Malloch, bo? IO ds, ee ied erent tae
Part VII. Orser Orpers oF Hee
is a oot E aay ie eat Be Geel Ee ok enarn and
t ta. Lt.- F. ft text- ;
Peds. 1SBF toh oc ee 28th May, 1927.
Fasc. Z. Plectoptera. By R. 2: Tillyard oO Cantab.), F.R.S., and J. A.
By ReherdS Ra EREE ELS. PA RO PR aes
cee él ar agna' text-ngures p = 0. rd Jae. 1928.
oe A eens ag By seelan: DSc. 2 text-figures. Anoplura. By
A. Buxton, richoptera. By Martin ah Mosely. 1 figure.
freee By P. Esben-Pet 1 text-fi lat Apterygota
By Georgett, Camenter, Se So eeuheet oe m He 8 a EE 28th July,§1928.
Part VIII. ‘TERRESTRIAL ARTHROPODA OTHER THAN INSECTS.
Fasc. 1. Isopoda Terrestria. By Harold G. Jackson, DSc. 2 plates. Scor-
se By P.A. Ne 5 Bacnnerge ase By Pes Saad Oy :
text- -figur. Bi
he sia carina y otaniey riirst text es p. 37d be uh: 1927.
Fasc, 2. Myriopoden (Myriopoda). By C. Att 4 text- i
(Apaneids).: By Di. Lucien igpada), 7Sten ene Pp. Sea a 4to, cignice 6d. 22nd June, 1929.
1927, 4to. 3s. 19th December, 1927.
Brd June, 1928.
5oes