INSECTS OF SAMOA

AND OTHER SAMOAN TERRESTRIAL

boo ARTHROPODA 77

Although a monograph, or series of papers, dealing comprehensively with

the land arthropod. fauna of any group of islands in the South Pacific may be

expected to yield valuable results, in connection with distribution, modification

due to isolation, and other problems, no such work is at present in existence.

In order in some measure to remedy this deficiency, and in viewZof benefits

directly accruing ‘to the National Collections, the Trustees of the British

Museum have undertaken the publication of an account of the Insects and other

Terrestrial Arthropoda collected in the Samoan Islands, in 1924-1925, by

Professor P. A. Buxton and Mr. G. H. E. Hopkins, during the Expedition of

the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine to the South Pacific.

Advantage has been taken of the opportunity thus afforded, to make the studies

as complete as possible by including in them all Samoan material of the groups

concerned in both the British Museum (Natural History) and (by courtesy of —

the authorities of that institution) the Bishop Museum, Honolulu. :

It is not intended that contributors to the text shall be confined to the

Museum Staff or to any one nation, but, so far as possible, the assistance of the

leading authorities on all groups to be dealt with has been obtained.

The work is divided into nine “ Parts’’ (see p. 3 of wrapper), of which

each is subdivided into “ Fascicles.” Each of the latter, which appear as

ready in any order, consists of one or more contributions. On the completion

of the systematic portion of the work it is intended to issue a general survey

(Part IX), summarising the whole and drawing from it such conclusions as

may be warranted.

A list of Fascicles already iesued will be found on pp. 3 and 4 of this wrapper.

N. D. RILEY,

Keeper of Entomology.

British Museum (Naturat History).

CromwELL Roap, S.W.7.

INSECTS OF SAMOA

z | = 3) Parr II] Fasc. 4

a 4

Vromoro HETEROCERA

(EXCLUSIVE OF GEOMETRIDAE AND THE MICROLEPIDOPTERA.)

By W. H. T. Tams.

(With 12 Text-figures, and 13 Plates.)

INTRODUCTION

THE importance of the collection which led to the preparation of this report

may be gauged from the fact that it has more than trebled the number of Samoan

species represented in the British Museum. Prior to its receipt the Museum

collections contained examples of just over sixty species from Samoa; the

number here recorded is 237. Of these, 182 figure in Buxton and Hopkins’

collections, and 66 proved to be new species or subspecies.

The generic classification in the Heterocera is in a very unstable condition,

and would make any attempt at an analysis of the distribution based on genera

a waste of time. Although I have revived one or two old generic names, this has

been done purely for the sake of convenience, until proper investigations can be

carried out in the cases of heterogeneous assemblages of species such as are at

present included in Anomis (Cosmophila, Rusicada, Tiridata, etc.), and Mar-

garoma (Chloauges, Paradosis, Sisyrophora, Dysallacta, etc.). At the same time,

I have been unable to assign five species to already described genera, and have

been compelled to erect new genera for these.

It need hardly be said that the selection of the proper generic and trivial

names for insects frequently takes more time than the actual classification.

In the past it has been necessary in working out the nomenclature of a genus to

steer a way through a mass of the older literature in order to avoid many generic

names proposed without an actual description or definition, and only limited

by their restriction to a stated number of species. So many zoologists have

lr (4) 169 1

170 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

refused to accept generic names unaccompanied by a description or a definition,

and so many have adopted the opposite view, that it has been impossible to

foresee which course would ultimately be followed. We are now, however,

in a somewhat more favourable position with regard to generic names. A way

has at last been opened, and it may be well to repeat here the statement made

by Mr. Francis Hemming a propos the interpretation of the word “ indication”

in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (See Hemming, The Generic

Names of the Holarctic Butterflies, i, p. 9, 1934) :

“ Fortunately the answer to this question was given in the clearest terms

by the International Zoological Congress in 1927, which, on the unanimous

recommendation of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature,

agreed to amend Article 25 to provide that generic names proposed after

December 31st, 1930, must, to be valid, be accompanied with ‘a summary of

characters (sew diagonsis: sew definition: sew condensed description) which

differentiate or distinguish the genus . . . from other genera . . .,’ while at

the same time expressly laying down that as regards genera published prior

to January 1st, 1931, the old rule . . . that ‘an indication’ was sufficient

should remain in force. This clear-cut definition can only mean that names

published before December 31st, 1930, to be valid, do not require to be accom-

panied by a verbal description. . . .”

There can be few lepidopterists who will not welcome this great advance

in the direction of a stable nomenclature.

Although most of the family and subfamily names in the Heterocera

exclusive of Microlepidoptera) are now on a fairly stable basis, there are still

one or two which are not firmly established. I propose to give here a tentative

list of the families and subfamilies, in what seems to me at the moment to be the

most convenient arrangement, set out in a table to show part of the range of

distribution as it intimately concerns the Samoan moths. I am reluctantly

compelled to make one or two changes in the names we are using in this country

at the moment. The first, and the most far-reaching, is in the case of the

family ““ Nocrurpan.” As Monsieur F. Le Cerf (Encycl. Entom., Série B, III,

Tome IT, pp. 153-167, 1927) has shown :

“ Linné n’ayant établi que trois genres dans les Lépidoptéres, il n’y a pas.

d’autres genres ayant Linné pour auteur que les genres: Papilio, Sphinx,

Phalaena.”’

With this conclusion I am in entire agreement, and would add that the

HETEROCERA. 171

fact that in 1766 Linnaeus used the name Noctua for a genus of birds, is one piece

of evidence that he did not use that term in 1758 with a generic significance.

Another indication of the value placed on the divisions of Phalena by Linnaeus

is to be found in the Systema Naturae, ed. 12, vol. I (2), where it will be seen that

there are several indexes, one called ‘‘ Nomina Generica,” in which Phalaena

occurs and Noctua does not, and another called “ Termini Artis,’ which contains

such terms as “ Albumen,” “ Ala,” “ Antenna,” and “ Bombyces,” “ Noctuae,”’

etc. The first use of Noctua as a generic name in the Lepidoptera appears to

have been by Schiffermiiller and Denis (Schmett. Wien., 1775), and in the same

year Fabricius used it in his Systema Entomologiae. The name, however, is an

absolute homonym, Noctua Linnaeus, 1766 (Aves), having priority. In 1895

A. R. Grote (List of North American Eupterotidae, Ptilodontidae, Thyatiridae,

Apatelidae and Agrotidae) commenced his “ Preface ”’ with the words :

“The family name Agrotidae is proposed instead of the usual term Noc-

tuidae, since the generic title Noctua is preoccupied.”

I propose, therefore, to use in future the family name AGROTIDAE, as being

the most suitable name from every point of view with which to supplant the old

well-known Nocrurpar. I do not adopt the name PHaLAENtDAE, which has

been proposed for other reasons, as I cannot accept the suggestion that Linnaeus

so named Phalaena typica because he regarded it as typical of the genus. The

first writer to use typus as a name, in a sense that might be taken to mean

“ typical,” was de Montfort in 1810, in conchology, and as the word can mean

a “ figure’ or an “‘ emblem,” it is just possible that the two species of Mollusca

so named at that time bore marks which may have induced de Montfort to use

sucha term. On the other hand, Latreille, who definitely uses the word “ type ”

in the sense in which we understand it, never, so far as I am aware, described

a species under the name typus or typicus. Cuvier used the name Paradozxus

typus in 1822, Temminck used Anastomus typus in 1823, and Kaup named a

species Rachycentrus typus in 1826. I have no time to go into the question of

whether in the appearance of these organisms is to be found the reason for these

names, but the last example I shall give puts the matter in a clearer light.

In 1829, A. Smith definitely named a number of species in various genera typus,

and from 1830 proceeded to use typicus quite as frequently. This seems to me

to be the first evidence of the use of the name in the sense “ typical.” For my

part, that effectively disposes of any suggestion that Phalaena typica Linnaeus

can be considered to come within the scope of Article 30, rule I (b) of the Inter-

172 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

national Code of Zoological Nomenclature: “ If in the original publication of a

genus, typicus or typus is used as a new specific name for one of the species,

such use shall be construed as ‘ type by original designation.’ ”

The next name that I propose to change is “ ACRONYCTINAE.” Acronicta

Ochsenheimer, Schmett. Eur., 1v, p. 62, 1816, was cited by Hampson as “ non

descr.” (incidentally with a wrong date, 1815). J accept without question the

decision of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (Opinion

97) regarding Hiibner’s Tentamen, but I feel that in view of the difficulty of

discovering the types of such genera as Acronicta, we are entitled to take

advantage of all available facts. Ochsenheimer gives an indication of what

he means by his Acronicta in citing “ Apatelae Hiibn.”” We know that he did

not see Hiibner’s Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge, 1816, before his own work

appeared in 1816, and I can find no evidence that even Treitschke had seen it

when he published the first volume (V) continuing Ochsenheimer’s work. It

follows therefore that “ Apatelae Hiibn,” referred to the Tentamen, where we

read: “Apatelae Apatela aceris.” This was a species figured by Hiibner in

his Sammlung Europdische Schmetterlinge in 1802. Even though Hiibner’s

Tentamen cannot be accepted as valid, in my opinion it was a fact in the hands

of Ochsenheimer, a verifiable fact to guide us in interpreting the meaning of

Ochsenheimer’s genera, in which he often included a number of species. I see,

therefore, no reason for not adopting the generic name Acronicta Ochsenheimer,

1816, in place of the later Acronycta Treitschke ; andin consequence, | propose that

the subfamily name should be spelt AcRoNIcTINAE, in order to avoid confusion.

I have used here in listing the subfamily names of the SPHINGIDAE those

adopted by Rothschild and Jordan in their “ Revision of the Sphingidae,”

although I am a little uncertain about the stability of ACHERONTIINAE, PHILAM-

PELINAE and CHOEROCAMPINAE. It seems to me that the usual practice is for

the typical subfamily to bear a name based on the name of the type genus of the

family. ‘This applies to ACHERONTIINAE, but in the case of the other two names

I am not yet able to follow the disposition of the genera Philampelus and

Choerocampa.

Various names are available for the family PERoPpHORIDAE, the name of the

type genus being a homonym (cf. Perophora, Wiegmann, 1835), and necessitating

anewname. I follow Barnes and McDunnough and use the name LacosoMIDAE.

The division of the family PsycutpaE into subfamilies seems to me so

involved, that for the purposes of this list I have left the family undivided.

HETEROCERA. 173

As far as I can judge, the only way we can save the family name PYRALIDAE

is by treating the Schmett. Wien. of Schiffermiiller and Denis, 1775, as earlier

than the Systema Entomologiae of Fabricius, 1775. In the latter work Fabricius

used the Linnean terms Bombyx, Noctua, Pyralis, Tinea and Alucita as generic

names, but omitted Tortrix. The moths we know as TortricrpAE he placed

in the genus Pyralis, and used the name Phalaena for the moths now known as

PYRALIDAE and GEOMETRIDAE. Unless we treat Fabricius as the later work

we shall be compelled to change the name TortricipAE to PYRALIDAE, and

endless confusion will result.

In the following list no attempt has been made to assign to their correct

positions among related subfamilies the HyBLaztnaz, AGARISTINAE and Cocy-

TIINAE in the AGROTIDAE, or the THYRIDINAE in the PYRALIDAE.

< 4

RIE <\2

=| 5 HE hes

Fami.y. SUBFAMILY. 4 = He Famity. SUBFAMILY. s a &

oO; .J ae O1is]&

(Hele FIEIEIE

DD |Fa |<4/A DD |FH f<q a

ARCTIIDAE SPHINGIDAE

SYNTOMINAE «|x| x ACHERONTIINAE X|XIxXIx

ARCTIINAE x|x| xX] xX AMBULICINAE xx

NOLINAE xIx|x |x SESIINAE xxl xIx

LITHOSIINAE <<< PHILAMPELINAE xIXIxIx

HYPsINAE xIx|x]x< CHOEROCAMPINAE xX|X|x|x

PERICOPINAE RA SUPA KE Se Psa PO Ke te

AGROTIDAE BoMBYCIDAE wane

AGROTINAE XSGEXEIDS pitas PE

HADENINAE x Lx |X |x rane

pe ae ae y LACOSOMIDAE

ACRONICTINAE dX XK UE esota aay

ERASTRIINAE x|x |x [x MIMALLONINAE

EUTELIINAE x|x|xX]x eral ea NING

STICTOPTERINAE «|x |x 1x ENDROMIDAE

SARROTHRIPINAE x|xlx|x TG ne Ree Tae ARS Ea] Inna ia MUL RES

WESTERMANNIINAE |X|x|x</X NoropontTipaE

CATOCALINAE xx |x |x NOTODONTINAE x1x<

PLUSIINAE XXX THAUMETOPOEINAE

OPHIDERINAE xIx|x|x cre al ase BA al Ja

HYPENINAE x|x|x|x | DriopripaE

HYBLAEINAE SQUSZIIS2C Sein |) lds eee pace AS Ra eI DOE ee [Ate

AGARISTINAE x|x|x | GEOMETRIDAE

CocyTIINAE x BREPHINAE

SSS —|—|—|— OENOCHROMINAE x |X

LYMANTRIIDAE HEMITHEINAER x |x| x<1x

LYMANTRIINAE d<[S<IEX STERRHINAE x|x |x |x

ANTHELINAE SKIS LARENTIINAE 1 KIDS

PTEROTHYSANINAE GEOMETRINAE aap -ap.4

174 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

< <j

a2 FE

Hip § 4 =)

Faminy. SUBFAMILY. i mal Famiy. SUBFAMILY. a Alo

Ele) ale glealale

2\2/5/ 4 ai(Elola

na |Fa |< | A RD |e |<

URANIIDAE ZYGAENIDAE

URANIINAE X|xX1x HETEROGYNINAE

EPirpLEMINAE a Papa b.4 HIMANTOPTERINAE

SEMATURINAE PHAUDINAE

APOPROGONINAE CHARIDEINAE

oan seiliehen ae | ZYGAENINAE

SATURNIIDAE CHALCOSIINAE x |X |X

SATURNIINAE x|x1x EPICOPEINAE

AGLAIINAE teal eas Pamala

LUDIINAE CASTNIIDAE CASTNIINAE

| CERATOCAMPINAE SYNEMONINAE x

ARSENURINAE NEOCASTNIINAE

OXYTENINAE fn ce ee Tia een a (ES

CERCOPHANINAE MEGALOPYGIDAE

MEGALOPYGINAE

eae elegans DALCERINAE

EUPTEROTIDAE xX Sen) Gee

LEMONIIDAE LIMACODIDAE

——_—_—_—_—— ||| LIMACODINAE x1x

BRAHMAEIDAE EPIPYROPINAE x

LASIOCAMPIDAE DREPANIDAE Xx|X

CHONDROSTEGINAE wi el aes ao

MALACOSOMINAE THYATIRIDAE

ARCHAEOPACHINAE x uations Fes feet Pic Vaz

CHIONOPSYCHINAE PYRALIDAE

LASTOCAMPEN AT: x I> GALLERIINAE x|x |x| x

GowomETmnaRr x1 CRAMBINAE SCAG

GASTROPACHINAE SCHOENOBIINAE x |x| x 1x

ANERASTIINAE SAll>-<llp- Alc

Cone Seo eat aalian| @ulealare PHYCITINAE xIx|x]x

CHRYSAUGINAE

pete IES EPIPASCHIINAE SDS

R ENDOTRICHINAE <I SIDIEX

Saat PYRALINAE el P< <lip-<

fmic | aas ish is HyDROCAMPINAE apap ap.4

PSYCHIDAE x|x |x hx SCOPARIINAE x|x

———}—]—|—|— PYRAUSTINAE KK EX [x

CALLIDULIDAE XUDGIEX THYRIDINAE XXII

Species of economic importance.

Below will be found a list of species which have been recorded as injurious

either to living crops or dried food materials.

The list will probably be increased

ultimately by the addition of at least three species, which are already recorded

HETEROCERA. 175

as occurring in the Hawaiian Islands and Fiji, namely, Achrova grisella Fabricius

(GALLERIINAE), Plodia interpunctella Hiibner (PHycitTinak), and Hellula wndalis

Fabricius (PYRAUSTINAE).

Heliothis armagera

Heliothis assulta

Tiracola plagiata

Calogramma festiva

Prodenia litura

Spodoptera mauritia .

Perigea illecta .

Elydna nonagrica

Earias huegeli .

Achaea serva

Achaea janata .

Mocis frugalis .

Plusia chalcites

Serrodes partita

Othreis fullonia 4

Cosmophila flava flava

Anticarsia wrrorata

Hyblaea puera

Herse convolvula

Hippotion celervo

Mahasena corbetti

Corcyra cephalonica

Scirpophaga nivella

Ephestia cautella

Cryptoblabes plagioleuca

Assara albicostalis

Etiella zinckenella

Pyralis pictalis

Hymena recurvalis

Ercta ornatalis .

Cnaphalocrocis medinalis

Marasmia trapezalis .

Nacoleia diemenalis .

Nacoleia octasema

Sylepta derogata

Margaronia indica

Thliptoceras octoguttalis

Terastia meticulosalis

Maruca testulalis

Linseed, tobacco, opium poppy, cotton, maize, tomato, pea-

pods.

Tobacco.

Castor, sisal hemp, tobacco, tapioca, banana, limes, rubber.

Crinum and other LILIACEAE.

Cotton, tea, tobacco, tomato, potato, indigo, castor, maize,

cabbage, rice, sweet potato, etc.

Cotton, maize, rice, sugar-cane.

ACANTHACEAE (cf. Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M., vii, p.

332).

Tobacco.

Cotton.

Palaguium, Ficus.

Castor, pomegranate, tea, Sapium sebifera, Palaguium, Albizzia

amara, Euphorbia pilulifera.

Rice, maize, sorghum, millet.

Tomato, cucumber, etc.

Damages oranges.

Damages fruit.

Hibiscus, cotton, cow-pea.

Sword beans.

Teak, Bignonia, Mullingtonia, Vitea.

Sweet potato, sunflower.

Sweet potato, grape-vine, cotton, tobacco.

Coconut, oil-palm, areca nut, tuba, Citrus sp., etc.

Cacao beans.

Sugar-cane.

Dried fruits and other food stuffs.

Leaves of Hriobotrya japonica.

Custard-apple.

Legumes, sann hemp.

Rice.

Beet, maize, Amaranthus.

Ipomaea triloba.

Paddy (rice), maize. (Figured by Dammerman, The Agri-

cultural Zoology of the Malay Archipelago, 1929.)

Sugar-cane, maize, sorghum, millet.

LEGUMINOSAE (cow-pea, soy bean, etc.), ground-nut, indigo.

Bananas. (Figured by Dammerman, The Agricultural

Zoology of the Malay Archipelago, 1929.)

Cotton, Hibiscus, hollyhock.

Cucumber, melon, cotton, Hibiscus.

Coffee.

Erythrina, various species.

Beans.

176 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Deiopeia pulchella Linnaeus has been recorded as destructive to Crotalaria,

and also as feeding on sugar-cane, cinchona, etc. Some of these records may

refer to D. pulchelloides.

One species of Simplicia has been bred from dried coconut leaves in Ceylon.

Two species of Chloauges have been recorded as rolling Cinchona leaves.

Attention may usefully be drawn to the paper entitled “ Pests of Economic

Plants in Samoa and other Island Groups ” by Hopkins (Bull. Ent. Res., xvi,

pp. 23-32, Text-Fig. 1, Plate II, 1927).

The following table will give some idea of the distribution of the species

now recorded as occurring in Samoa. The localities chosen have been restricted

to those most nearly associated with Samoa and only such others added as will

provide the means of recording at a glance the widest possible range.

DISTRIBUTION TABLE

Samoa.

Paciric ISLANDS

E. oF SAMOA.

| TONGA.

| ELLICE.

| New HEBRIDES.

| LoyaLty.

| New CALEDONIA.

| SoLoMmons.

| New GUINEA.

| AUSTRALIA.

| Mauay ARcH.

| INDIA.

| Fist.

| OLtp WorLD

| New WosR LD.

Celama samoana .

Nola tornotis

Chrysaeglia samoensis : : 3

Philagria entella delia . ; i A x

Macaduma samoensis

Asura pyropa

Asura hopkinsi

Asura uniformeola ; : i

Utetheisa pulchelloides . ‘ : Elk os

Deilemera alba

Deilemera mundipicta samoensis

Argina cribraria

Heliothis armigera

Heliothis assulta .

Tiracola plagiata . .

Tiracola rufimargo samoensis .

Callopistria, meridionalis nauticorum

Calogramma festiva

Prodenia litura

Spodoptera mauritia

Perigea illecta

Elydna nonagrica .

Chasmina tibialis .

x X

xX X X

x X

YX XX

x xX X X

x xX XK X

x xX &X

XXX

xX XK XK X

xX X XK X X

KK Ke KEK OX

KOK KKK

KEXDCX KX

xX XK KKK

HETEROCERA.

177

Samoa.

Pactric IsLANDS

E. oF Samoa.

Frg1.

TONGA.

ELLICE.

New HEBRIDES.

LoyALry.

Eublemma rivula .

Eublemma pudica

Oruza cariosa

Amyna natalis

Amyna octo

Eustrotia ritsemae

Bombotelia simplex

Phlegetonia fasciatrix

Phlegetonia delatrix

Paectes canescens .

Stictoptera hepatica

Gyrtona hopkinsi

Gyrtona divitalis .

Microthripa buxtoni

Apothripa vailima

Barasa rebeli

Characoma scoparioides

Mniothripa lichenigera

Earias huegeli

Farias luteolaria

Maceda mansueta

Maurilia iconica

Anomocala hopkinsi

Cymodegma buxtoni

Cocytodes coerula

Lagoptera miniacea

Anua, coronata

Anua samoensis

Anua tongaensis

Achaea serva

Achaea janata

Achaea fulminans

Parallelia prisca

Parallelia vitiensis

Chalciope cephise

Kuclidisema alcyona

Mocis frugalis

Mocis trifasciata

Plusia chalcites

Felinia filipalpis

Catephia acronyctoides .

Catephia sericea

x xX X

Ke Kee KOK

x XX

XX KK KKK XK

x xX xX

x X X

x X &X

| New CALEDONIA.

| SoLoMONS.

| New GUINEA.

x xX X

KEXUKX

XK SeXeX

x xX

x xX XX XX

x xX XX XK X

| AUSTRALIA.

x X

KKK OX x

x xX X

| Maray ARou.

| InDIA.

x X

| OxLp Wor LD.

New Wor Lp.

178

INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Samoa.

Pacirio ISLANDS

E. or Samoa.

Fist.

TONGA.

ELLICE.

New HEpRIDES.

Loyatry,.

New CALEDONIA.

New GUINEA.

AUSTRALIA.

Maray ArcuH.

INDIA.

OLp WoRLD.

| SOLOMONS.

| New WosrRLD.

Nagia homotima

Ericeia inangulata

Ericeia leichardtii

Serrodes partita

Serrodes campana callipepla

Hypocala guttiventris

Hypocala australiae

Rivula polynesiana

Rivula dipterygosoma

Othreis fullonia

EKumaenas salaminia

Cosmophila flava flava

Cosmophila auragoides lyona .

Rusicada nigritarsis xanthochroa

Rusicada vulpina .

Tiridata samoana .

Hypospila similis .

Anticarsia irrorata

Lacera alope

Leptotroga armstrongi

Oxyodes ochreata samoana

Catada charalis 5

Machaeropalpus fasciatus

Mormecia lachnogyia

Simplicia lautokiensis

Nodaria acrosema

Hydrillodes surata

Hydrillodes gravatalis

Hydrillodes sigma

Bocana manifestalis

Progonia oileusalis

Hypena gonospilalis

Ophiuche ferriscitalis

Hypenodes taona .

Arrade samoensis .

Luceria oculalis :

Chusaris aurantilineata .

Hyblaea sanguinea

Hyblaea puera

Herse convolvuli :

Cephonodes armatus armatus.

Chromis erotus eras

x XX

x xX

x X X

XK XX

x X X

XOX KE

x xX X &X

x xX XX XK X

x X

x OX OX

HETEROCERA. 179

d| |

z a 8 BI i ay

eS Ss Qa 8 ° oO a |

aS al. |4ihele|s g a | a

Samoa. m4 rls alls (o bal e—iVe =a J One

Qn Wee eS [Se | el te

SPS eee nigel vidas (oil ce |e 1.4 4 ie

Se siesie becle ta | eee | Se.) 2 &

asielaialalalalialalats|/4a.olz2

Deilephila placida steffanyi

Macroglossum hirundo samoanum i

Hippotion celerio . : : : ESE [peat OI ON A) N|E ORCI SGR ORS NLS I X71 DK

Epiplema amygdalipennis 4

Epiplema sp. (undescribed, ey ,

Epiplema hapala

Epiplema lypera

Gathynia lugens

Phazaca kellersi_ .

Clania ? sp. (undescribed, Rebel) ,

Mahasena corbetti f ‘ : x

Fumea ? sp. ee Rebel

Fumea samoana

Striglina lithophora

Striglina anthina

Striglina oecia :

Betousa hemicycla : j ; : x

Rhodoneura plagifera. : : : x

Rhodoneura sericatalis

Brixia dialitha

Ceratothalama argosema

Acolastodes oenotripta .

Corcyra cephalonica

Tirathaba trichogramma

Crambus dielota

Diptychophora calliptera

Diptychophora amydra .

Diptychophora dialitha . : : :

Scirpophaga nivella ‘ s ‘ : x

Rhinaphe virginella : : : x

Rhinaphe nigricostalis . : : x x|xX| xX

“ Anerastine sp.” (undescribed, Rebel) ,

Ephestia cautella . ; i ’ ; x x x

Homoeosoma ephestidiella . 4 Beye toss

Ptyobathra polia . f : : ;

Thylacoptila auchmodes 2 ‘ x|x

Thylacoptila gonylasia

Nephopteryx ceratistes . : ‘ ,

Cryptoblabes proleucella i : 4 x |x

Cryptoblabes elaeothrepta i

Cryptoblabes trabeata . : : ; x

Cryptoblabes plagioleuca i J UNOPS eed x x

XX XXX

x x

180

SAMOA.

INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Pacrrio IsLaANDS-

E. oF SAMOA.

Fur.

TONGA.

| ELLICE.

New HEBRIDES.

LOYALTY.

NEw Clnpomn

SoLomons.

NEw GUINEA.

AUSTRALIA,

Maray Aron.

InpDIA.

OLp WorLD.

New Wor .p,

Cryptoblabes spodopetina

Assara albicostalis

Oligochroa leucophaeella

Ktiella zinckenella

Calguia defiguralis

Hypsipyla swezeyi :

Rhodophaea acrobasella

Locastra ardua :

Odontopaschia stephanuchra

Doththa mesenterialis

Doththa plinthopa

Trichophysetis neophyla

Latagognoma dacryodes .

Pyralis pictalis

Pyralis manihotalis

Nymphula foedalis

Cataclysta dialitha

Baeoptila ellipes

Ambia tendicularis

Ambia schistochaeta

Oligostigma villidalis

Parthenodes eugethes

Dracaenura agramma

Dracaenura adela .

Tatobotys biannulalis

Bradina semnopa .

Bradina leucura

Bradina chlorionalis

Bradina pycnolopha

Bradina leptolopha

Bradina acrospila .

Bradina modestalis

Bradina neuralis

Bradina parbattoides

Diathrausta lypera

Piletocera cyclospila

Piletocera steffanyi

Piletocera rechingeri

Piletocera vestigialis

Piletocera signiferalis

Piletocera xanthosoma

Piletocera albescens

x xX XxX X

KX KX

x X X

x xX X

Ke Ke x

x xX X

Samoa,

Hoploscopa astrapias nauticorum

Clupeosoma lampra

Clupeosoma photina

Sufetula choreutalis

Sufetula hemiophthalma

Aulacoptera fuscinervalis

Rehimena cissophora

Hymenia recurvalis

EKurrhyparodes tricoloralis

Pagyda perlustralis

Ercta ornatalis

Cnaphalocrocis medinalis

Marasmia venilialis

_Marasmia trebiusalis

Marasmia trapezalis

Syngamia floridalis

Leucophotis pulchra

Phostria oconnori

Nacoleia diemenalis

Nacoleia octasema

Authaeretis exaereta

Sylepta sabinusalis

Sylepta derogata .

Sylepta commotes .

Agathodes rebeli

Chloauges woodfordu

Chloauges brunneomarginalis .

Margaronia mysteris

Margaronia indica

Margaronia diplocyma

Margaronia oceanitis

Margaronia samoana

Margaronia buxtoni

Margaronia deliciosa

Margaronia multilinealis

Margaronia virginalis

Margaronia juvenalis

Epipagis cancellalis

Thhptoceras octoguttalis

Terastia meticulosalis

Hyalobathra wilderi

Maruca testulalis .

AHETEROCERA.

Pactric ISLANDS

E. oF Samoa.

181

i 4

A 8 4 a 14

a) lalelaldie| (ls

Tee TR ep rs che | a 3 | °

4/H/H/S/O/2 ol sle|clele

Bites wey q 3 a|4/q4

See EN ROWE ae eae | alate

Sleaif#la~lialazlalala|sialoj2a

x x LX

x x|x x| x

<i alii

x x x|x|x]x

x x pe dilli <a) isan ec

x x Sal CL

x x SIEGAL. SGX 1,6

x x|x|xIlx}x |x

x x | xb x

XI S< Slee elle. al<

x <1 KL LEX

x|x x SC Sal IPC

x x x|x}x]x

x x| x <x OX

SG x SEIS HSE SCII SCHL EX

x Da feo <ul balls

ya lib

x x

x x| x x

x x x x | x

x x Sil -<i all

x x x|x1x

x x SH PX Oe OX

x SCI aE SMES UTX

182 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

A oh S

4 ve B a 4 . .

Zé al lela ala

= —Q . Wy n 4 H fa fe &

Samoa. HSE al/yr]a/424);65}as< 3} 8

= we Fay elo >= fel i a Pal <a =

a ait 4 z ale l ale

Ae! .1o 12 4/eis lis 5

ee |e ha ele (a ee) ea pel elke

Agta bela lela lialalzials|616l124

Pgara licarsisalis . : : : val XGale<aliex XLII Xeliox

Psara stultalis , : , : Brio de< K | OS | OHNE

Noorda apiensis . : : : : x

Exeristis pollosta .

Exeristis catharia .

Exeristis asynopta

Pyrausta amboinalis

Phassodes vitiensis ; ; : ; x

Reviewing the distribution table, the following facts emerge :—

Highty-eight species are at present known from Samoa only. To this num-

ber must be added ten species of GEOMETRIDAE recorded by Prout. How great

a proportion of these are endemic it would be impossible to say, but there is

little doubt about a certain number, e.g. Callopistria meridionalis nauticorum,

Oxyodes ochreata samoana, Deilephila placida steffanyr, Macroglossum hirundo

samoanum, Striglina oecia, Hoploscopa astrapias nauticorum, Piletocera albescens,

to which may be added Barasa rebeli, Anomocala hopkinsi, Cymodeqma buxtoni,

Machaeropalpus fasciatus, Mormecia lachnogyia, Hydrillodes sigma, Doththa

plinthopa, Authaeretis exaereta, Margaroma samoana, Margarona buxton, and

with perhaps less certainty the whole of the EprpLeminag, the species of Dipty-

chophora, the species of Exeristis, and several species in the genera Bradina and

Piletocera.

It will be noticed that every record linking Samoa with the islands to the

east also shows a considerable extension of the distribution to the west, in fact,

all the species concerned are well-known and in every case almost certainly

were introduced through human agency.

Five species (Phlegetonia fasciatrix, Catephia acronyctoides, Hypocala

guitwentris, Rhinaphe virginella, Piletocera vestigialis) are recorded from Australia

and Samoa only, and I feel certain that in the case of the last four at least more

critical investigations are necessary. These cannot be carried out until more

material is available.

Four species (Celama samoana, Rivula polynesiana, Rhodoneura plagifera,

HETEROCERA. 183

Dracaenura agramma) are recorded from Samoa and Tonga only. The Samoan

example of Rivula polynesiana may not be conspecific with the Tongan example.

Six species (Anua tongaensis, Parallelia prisca, Hyblaea sanguinea, Bradina

acrospila, Margaroma dvplocyma, Hydrillodes surata) are recorded from Samoa,

Tonga and Fiji. I think it is extremely probable that more material of Anua

tongaensis and A. samoensis will show that either there is one variable species

common to the three groups of islands or that there are three subspecies.

Nineteen species are recorded from Samoa and Fiji only, but considering

the richness of the fauna in the case of these two groups compared with that of

Tonga as we know it, I can only surmise that the apparent poorness of the Tongan

fauna is due to the scantiness of the material which has so far come into our hands.

Judging from the material received from Fiji by the British Museum through

the Imperial Institute of Entomology, it is evident that the fauna of Fiji is

much richer than that of either Samoa or Tonga, and still possesses more

elements in common with what appears to be the source from which it originated,

viz. the Malay Archipelago and New Guinea.

Of the following widely distributed nonendemic Hawaiian moths (see Fauna

Hawaiiensis) those in column A are not known to occur in Samoa, while those

in column B are recorded in the present paper.

A B

Cirphis unipuncta and nine other spp. of Cirphis. Heliothis armagera

Agrotis vpsilon ; Spodoptera mauritia

ee } and twenty-five other spp. of Agrotis. Die iaiios

Spodoptera exrqua Herse convolvult

Cosmophila sabulifera Hymema recurvalis

Plusia biloba (American) Pyralis manthotalis

Celerio lineata

Plodia inter punctella

Ephestia elutella

Achrova grisella

Eromene ocelleus

Nymphula fluctuosalis

Nomophila noctuella

Hellula undalis

Of the species listed in column A the following occur in Fiji :—

Agrotis upsilon

Curphis unipuncta

Plodia interpunctella

Hellula undalis

Achrova grisella

Nomophila noctuella

184 INSECTS OF SAMOA. —

The genus Scoparia has representatives in the Hawaiian Islands and Fiji,

but not in Samoa so far as we at present know.

As there are some cases in which subspecies or species closely related to

Samoan species or subspecies are not mentioned in the text, the two following

tables are inserted to show at a glance what is already known, and at the same

time to indicate certain lacunae in our knowledge. In the case of Callopisiria

meridionalis and Striglina oecia the expression “ unnamed ”’ refers to’ British

Museum material not yet fully investigated but which the author has little doubt

can be classified in this way.

SAMOAN SPECIES WITH A SUBSPECIES IN TONGA Frs1

Deilemera mundipicta samoensis Tams . : D. m. fasciata Walk.

Callopistria meridionalis nauticorum Tams . | unnamed unnamed

Rivula (polynesiana Hampson *) . 5 . | R. polynesiana Hamps.

Oxyodes ochreata samoana Tams .

Deilephila placida steffanyi Clark

Hoploscopa astrapias nauticorum Tams

O. 0. tanymekes Tams

D. P. torenna Druce

H. a. astrapias Meyr.

SAMOAN SPECIES WITH A CLOSELY RELATED

SPECIES (OR SUBSPECIES ?) IN TONGA Fist

Paectes canescens Tams : F ; . | PB. cristatriz Guen.

Stictoptera hepatica Rebel

Barasa rebeli Tams

P. cristatrix Guen.

S. vitiensis Hamps.

B. tetragramma Hamps.

Anua samoensis Tams : : : . | A. tongaensis Hamps. | A. tongaensis Hamps.

Nagia homotima Tams : ; . . | N. monastica Hamps.

Tiridata samoana Butler. : p : T. vitiensis Butl.

Striglina oecia Tams . ‘ : : . | S. vavauensis Hamps. | unnamed.

Piletocera albescens Rebel Nacoleia allocosma

Meyr.

Authaeretis exaereta Tams . , : ; A. errdora Meyr.

Hyalobathra wilderi Tams. 2 : : H. illectalis Walk.

Exeristis pollosta Tams |

Lzeristis catharva Tams

2 ' : . | L. asyphela Meyr.

Ezeristis asynopta Tams i

Attention may be directed to those genera which show the most interesting

developments in Samoa, Tonga and Fiji. These are Diptychophora in the

CRAMBINAE, Dracaenura, Bradina and Piletocera in the HyDROCAMPINAE, and

Margaronia and Ezeristis inthe PyRAUSTINAE. These, it will be noted, all belong

HETEROCERA. 185

to the family PyRaLIDAE, to which practically fifty per cent. of the total number

of species listed belong.

In concluding these introductory remarks I should like to make this the

occasion of thanking Professor Buxton for the opportunity of working through

the material dealt with in the following pages. The task has taken much longer

than was anticipated and has perhaps unduly delayed the completion of the

whole survey. This was, however, inevitable. Unforeseen difficulties of

taxonomy and nomenclature were encountered at every step, the complete

solution of which involved investigations reaching far beyond the immediate

scope of this work. If all these had been pursued to their ultimate solution,

this work would never have appeared, and I have therefore been regretfully

compelled to leave some matters still in a state of taxonomic uncertainty. These

are duly indicated where they occur.

m1 (4) 2

186 INSECTS OF SAMOA. —

ARCTIIDAE.

NOLINAE.

1. Celama samoana Hampson.

Celama samoana Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal. B. M., Suppl. i, p. 397, pl. 22, fig. 23, Nov., 1914.

Celama squalida Staudinger, Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal. B. M., ii, p. 25, Feb., 1900, non Staudinger :

part = Tonga specimens.

Celama squalida Staudinger, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, pp. 125, 144,

1915, non Staudinger.

Upolu: Apia, 99 only, 5.iv.1924 (Armstrong) ; 27, 30.1., 3, 10.11, 20.11.,

31.iv., 30.v.1924, 1,000 feet, x.1925; 3 99 (Lister); gg, 18, 14.1x.1923, 99

13, 15.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); gg and 99, x.1912, at light (Friederichs),

2 (Henniger), recorded by Rebel (1915) as Celama squalida Staudinger.

Malololelei, 2,000 feet, gg, 22, 23, 25.11., 17, 20.iv., 25, 30.x1.1924, 21,

22.iv.1925 ; 99, 22, 23, 24, Q5.ii., Q2.iii., 28.iv.1924, 21.iv.1925.

Tutuila: 1 9 (Kellers).

Pago Pago, 2 99, v.1896. (de la Garde.)

Hampson had placed the two Pago Pago specimens under Celama squalida

Staudinger, with the 6 gg and 1 2 taken in Tonga by G. F. Mathew and presented

to the Museum in 1887. Apparently this mistake of Hampson’s resulted in

Rebel’s Samoan record of that species. Staudinger’s type of Celama squalida

is a specimen taken at Malaga, Spain, and I have not yet seen it matched, though

the name has been freely used for all sorts of entirely different species.

Pago Pago, 13 gg, 13 QQ, 11.1924 (Steffany).

I should like to draw attention to the fact that a misidentification, such as

those occurring under the above species, is frequently cited as follows :—

Celama squalida Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal., ii, p. 25, Feb., 1900, non Staudinger.

Celama squalida Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, pp. 125, 144, 1915, non

Staudinger.

Although the chances are against Hampson and Rebel both describing a

new species Celama squalida, there is nothing in the above form of citation to

differentiate it from a statement of absolute homonymy, and I maintain that

it is not a correct statement of fact. In neither of these cases is the Celama

squalida a homonym of Celama squalida Staudinger ; my own statement refers

to material which Hampson, copied by Rebel, identified, erroneously, as Celama

squalida Staudinger. I have placed the author’s name in italics, to drawn atten-

tion to the fact that a misidentification is being cited.

HETEROCERA. 187

2. Nola tornotis Meyrick.

Sorocostia tornotis Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. 8. W. (2) ii, p. 928, 1887.

Nola tornotis Meyrick, Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal. B. M., ii, p. 40, pl. 19, fig. 9, Feb., 1900.

Upolu: Malololelei, 2, 21.vi.1924.

LITHOSIINAE.

3. Chrysaeglia samoensis Rebel.

(Text-fig. 1; Plate VI, fig. 12, Plate, VII, fig. 1.)

Chrysaeglia samoensis Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 147, fig., 1915,

9 only.

3. Palpus obliquely upturned, almost straight, third segment in size about

two-thirds of second. Antenna strongly pectinate. Hindwing with a deep

Text-Fic. 1.—Chrysaeglia samoensis Rebel.

(a) 3, fore and hindwing venation ; (b) 9, hindwing venation.

eversible fold from the wing-base to termen at vein A», the latter bearing for

the greater part of its length an expansible brush of long spatulate hair-scales,

which, when the insect is tranquil, are concealed within the fold.

Palpus ochraceous orange,* second segment dorsally and third entirely dark

purple drab with a dark bluish violet sheen in oblique light. Antenna with shaft

* Ridgway’s Color Standards and Color Nomenclature, 1912, has been used in describing

these colours.

188 : INSECTS OF SAMOA.

dark purple drab, glossy anthracene green to patent blue in oblique light, the

pectinations bone brown. Head dark purple drab to fuscous, with the frons and

vertex in oblique light glossy anthracene green to patent blue, and with the

occipital region ochraceous orange. Thorax dark purple drab, in oblique light

anthracene green to dark bluish violet, glossy, edged with ochraceous orange

at wing-bases; patagium and tegula ochraceous orange varying to ochraceous

salmon with changing light, the tegula with some of the varying dark purple

drab shading. Abdomen ochraceous buff above, to ochraceous orange ventrally

and terminally. Pectus and legs ochraceous orange, the latter with the femora

shaded with varying dark purple drab distally, the fore and mid tibiae and tarsi

dark purple drab dorsally, the hind tibia with the dark shading proximally

only, except for the tips of the spurs, the hind tarsus lightly shaded with the

same colour. Forewing (including fringe) versicolorate, dark purple drab,

varying with changing light through a series of greens and blues (anthracene

green, patent blue, Berlin blue, azurite blue to dark bluish violet), with some

irregular ochraceous orange longitudinal streaks at the wing-base below the costa,

which is finely ochraceous orange ; an elliptical ochraceous orange spot below

the cell just exceeding one-third of the cell-length, a second similar, but slightly

smaller spot filling the distal third of the cell; faint scattered traces of the

ochraceous orange colour postmedially, extending to termen, a similarly coloured

indefinite mark on costa before the apex, and traces of the same colour at the

tornus. Hindwing entirely ochraceous buff to antimony yellow, with a

remarkable expansible brush of long, curved, spatulate hair-scales, the expanded

brush rising half-a-centimetre above the wing surface, and spreading over half

the wing. Fringe paler.

Underside: forewing ochraceous orange, hindwing ochraceous buf,

deepening to ochraceous orange costally.

Expanse : 32-35 mm.

Neallotype 3. Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 21.iv.1924.

Other material :—

Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 3 gg, 22, 25, 26.v1.1924; 5 99, 22, 25,

27.V1., 2.vil.1924 (Armstrong) ; 2 gg, 2 PY, vu.1925 (Wilder); 5 gg, 22, 25.ii.,

5, T.vii.1924; 12 99, 14, 22, 23.i1., Q1.vi., 13.vii., 18.vill., 29.xi.1924.

Savaii: 1,000 feet, 2, 21.xi.1925.

The type, a female, was collected by Dr. Friederichs, and is in the Natur-

historisches Museum, Hamburg.

HETEROCERA. 189

4. Philagria entella delia Fabricius.

Noctua delia Fabricius, Mantissa, ii, p. 140, 1787. -

Oenistis entella (Cramer) delia Fabricius, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw.

K1., lxxxv, p. 423, 1910.

Oenastis entella delia Fabricius, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 144, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, x.1896 (de la Garde) ; Vaimea, 1 9, 6.vi.1905 (Rechinger)

recorded by Rebel, 1910.

As the genus Oenistis Hiibner, 1822, appears to be available and to have been

adopted for O. quadra Linnaeus, I do not think Hampson was in order in using it

for Phalaena (Tinea) eniella Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen, iii (18), p. 27 and index,

pl. 208, Fig. D, 1779, and in consequence I have adopted the generic name

Philagria Kirby, 1892.

Cramer gives as the habitat for P. entella the Coromandel Coast, and

Fabricius gives as the habitat for his Noctua delia, “‘Insula Amsterdam.” J am

not quite sure of the geographical application of this name,* but the type, which

is in the Banks Collection in the British Museum, agrees with the Samoan

subspecies. From investigations I have made with regard to the genitalia,

g and 9, I have come to the conclusion that we have here a widely distributed

species, represented in various localities by structurally well-differentiated

subspecies. The typical subspecies is Philagria entella entella Cramer, occurring

in India and Ceylon, and the subspecies with which we are here concerned is

P. entella dela Fabricius.

5. Macaduma samoensis, sp. n. (Plate VI, fig. 10).

¢. Palpus and antenna ochraceous buff. Head with frons pale buff deepen-

ing to warm buff at vertex. Thorax avellaneous, the various parts (patagium,

tegula, etc.) edged with pale buff. Abdomen warm buff, laterally ochraceous

buff. Pectus and legs ochraceous bufl, underside of abdomen warm buff with

the middle third infuscate, this part avellaneous proximad to fuscous black

distad. Forewing avellaneous with the fasciae and other markings chestnut

brown to warm sepia; an antemedial fascia commencing at the middle of the

costa, forming a heavy blotch in the middle of the cell, crenate (concavities

basad) to inner margin. A fine irregularly and indistinctly crenulate deeply

bowed (concavity basad) postmedial fascia, commencing from a prominent tuft

* Brigham’s Indea to the Islands of the Pacific gives Amsterdam islet on the coast of New

Guinea, 0°.20’S, 132°.08’E. ; Amsterdam (New), a name given by Tasman, in 1642, to Tongatabu.

190 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

of mixed avellaneous and fuscous scales on the costa. Some traces of the

darker shading subterminally, especially near the costa. Hindwing maize

yellow to buff yellow, without markings, fringe paler.

Underside: forewing maize yellow to buff yellow costally, with a heavy

fuscous to fuscous black ill-defined patch postmedially extending from costa to

vein Ms, and a lighter fuscous shade subterminally below apex, but reaching

the termen. Hindwing with a small diffuse fuscous patch postmedially at costa.

9. Similar to g, but with forewing markings in clove brown to fuscous

black (probably only an individual difference and not a sexual one), and without

the postmedial tuft of scales on the costa (a sexual distinction). The specimen

here described has hardly any trace of an antemedial fascia, the postmedial fascia

is dentate rather than crenulate, and there is a considerable amount of clove

brown irroration over the distal half of the wing. ‘The fuscous shading on distal

half of forewing underside is more extensive than in the 3, but as in that sex,

leaves a strip of the ground-colour along one-third of the costa.

Expanse: g and 9, 19 mm.

Holotype ¢ and allotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, vii.1924 and

23.11.1924 respectively.

6. Asura pyropa, sp. n. (Plate VI, fig 11).

3. Palpus orange buff streaked with scarlet, the third segment fuscous-

tipped. Antenna with the shaft orange buff, with one or two stray specks of

scarlet. Head and thorax orange buff mixed with scarlet. Abdomen warm

buff. Pectus, legs and underside of abdomen orange buff; the foreleg with the

coxa and femur tinged with scarlet, the tibia shaded with fuscous ; the other legs

with the tibiae slightly infuscate distally. Forewing orange buff, blotched and

streaked somewhat irregularly with scarlet; sub-basal, antemedial, medial

and postmedial blotches on costa; a scarlet streak from wing-base to termen

through middle of cell, expanding towards the end of the cell; interneural

scarlet streaks; traces of a waved antemedial fascia and a bowed (concavity

basad) postmedial fascia, faintly infuscate. Fringe infuscate. Hindwing light

buff to pale ochraceous buff.

Underside: forewing salmon buff tinged with scarlet towards costa.

Hindwing as on upper side.

°. Similar to 3, but with abdomen and hindwing warm buff to ochraceous

HETEROCERA. 191

buff. The fasciae are more distinctly seen in this example, and there is evidence

of a medial fascia. The postmedial fascia is dentate from the costa to vein

Cu,. Underside somewhat more richly coloured than that of the g.

Expanse: g, 30 mm., 9, 32 mm.

Holotype 3. Upolu: Malololelei, 22.vi.1924 (Armstrong).

Allotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 21.1x.1925.

Differs from A. pyrostrota Hampson in that the postmedial fascia takes a

somewhat wider sweep round the end of the cell.

7. Asura hopkinsi, sp. n. (‘T'ext-fig. 2; Plate VI, fig. 9).

3g. Palpus, antenna, head, thorax, abdomen, pectus and legs warm bufi

to cream buff, the antennal shaft and the legs with traces of fuscous shading.

Forewing buff yellow, with ill-defined

fuscous shading on basal third, and

an equally ill-defined area of fuscous

shading postmedially, broadening

towards inner margin, along which it

may extend from middle to tornus.

Hindwing cream buff.

Underside: forewing warm

buff, hindwing cream buff, deepening

to warm buff costad.

2 similar, slightly larger.

Expanse: g, 21 mm., 2, 22 mm. \

Holotype g and allotype 9.

Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 21.

iv.1925. .

Paratypes. Upolu: Malololelei, a | ;

2,000 feet, 1 9, 2.vu.1924 (Arm- ae

strong) ; 6 OQ, 24, Q5.i1., 5.vii., 29. TEXT-FIG. 2.—Asura hopkinst Tams.

xi.1924, 21.iv.1925. Nia cas

Savaii: Safune, 3, lowland to 1,000 feet, 1.v.1924; 9, rain forest, 2,000-

4,000 feet, 3.v.1924 (Bryan).

This species closely resembles A. biseriata Hampson, but lacks the strong

radiate-striate fuscous shading characteristic of that species, having instead

light fuscous shading disposed in similar areas.

192 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

8. Asura uniformeola Hampson (Text-fig. 3).

Asura uniformeola Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal. B. M., ii, p. 464, pl. 31, fig. 7, Feb., 1900.

Asura uniformeola Hampson, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., 1xxxv,

p. 423, 1910.

Asura uniformeola Hampson, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 144, 1915.

Samoa. 1 9, iii.—vili.1921 (O’Connor).

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 3g, 1.1924 (Steffany), 2 small 99 (Kellers).

Savaii: Safune, 2 gg, rain forest, 2,000—4,000 feet, 3.v.1924 (Bryan).

Rebel (1910) records 4 gg, 1 9, taken at Malifa (Upolu) by Dr. Rechinger

on the following dates: 28.v., 6-18.vi., and 7.vili.1905.

hie,

TEXT-FIG. 3.—Asura uniformeola Hampson. Wing venation.

ARCTIINAE.

9. Utetheisa pulchelloides Hampson.

Utetheisa pulchelloides Hampson, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), xix, p. 239, 1907.

Utetheisa pulchella Linnaeus, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., lxxxv,

p. 12, 1910, non Linnaeus.

Samoa. 1,1 9, iii-viii.1921 (O’Connor).

Rebel (1910) records that the moths of this species fly only by day, according

HETEROCERA. 193

to notes made by Dr. Rechinger, who saw it on Upolu, but apparently took no

specimens. Buxton has given me a note recording that this moth “ was not

rare, among Tournefortia argentea trees on the seashore, and nowhere else.”

HYPSINAE.

10. Deilemera alba Pagenstecher.

Nyctemera alba Pagenstecher, Jahrb. Nass. Ver. f. Naturk., liv, p. 135, 1901.

Nyctemera alba Pagenstecher, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., Ixxxv,

p. 423, pl. 18, fig. 16, 1910.

Nyctemera alba Pagenstecher, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, pp. 148, 157,

1915.

Samoa. 1,1 2 (Museum Godefroy) in Hamburg Natural History Museum,

recorded by Rebel, 1910; series gg, 29 (Friederichs), recorded by Rebel, 1915 ;

1 J, .1 2 (Museum Godeffroy) labelled “ Viti,” in British Museum collection ;

1 § in Oberthiir collection (British Museum) labelled: “ Alu, Salomon” Ex

Musaeo Doctoris Boisduval; 1 ¢ (G. F. Mathew).

Upolu: 2 99, 11.vi.1889 (Lister) ; Apia, 1 9, v.1896 (de la Garde); 1 9,

4.xi1.1921 (Armstrong) ; 3 gg, 14, 15.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ; 1 9, 24.1.1924 ;

Malololelei, 1 J, 3 99, 22, 23.11., 14.vi.1924; Aleipata, 2 gg, iv., v.1924; Malifa,

10.vi.1905 (Rechinger) ; Matootua, i11.1905 (Rechinger) ; Papaloloa Fall, 11.vi.

1905 (Rechinger) ; Vailima, 4 $3, 2 99, 12.11., 25. v., 8.v1.1924.

Savaii: vil.1905 (Rechinger) ; Safune, 1 g, 6 99, 4.v.1924 (Bryan); 1 9,

21.x1.1925 ; Fagamalo, 1 J, 1 9, 3.vili.1924 ; Satupaitea, 3 99, 10.vill.1924.

Manua: Ofu, 1 9, 27.11.1926 (Judd).

Professor P. A. Buxton has contributed the following notes on the structure

of the larva of Deilemera alba.

“The material consists of two mature larvae, in alcohol, collected at Malolo-

lelei, Upolu Island, in September 1925, from a small Composite weed, which grew

in gardens, and was frequently a food-plant of this species.

General Description—tThe colours in life were not noted. The larva has

been drawn from the specimens in alcohol by my friend Dr. V. B. Wigglesworth

(Text-fig. 4). The larva of this species is not as hairy as that of many Arctiidae.

On the dorsum of the second thoracic segment is a tuit of setae, thickly feathered

toward the tip, longer than the other long setae of the segment and projecting

forwards. With this exception all setae appear to the naked eye to be simple,

though under the microscope all of them are seen to be shortly feathered. All

194 INSECTS OF SAMOA. -

the long setae on all parts of the insect are black (in alcohol), and all the short

setae are pale. All the verrucae and spiracles are black. There is an indefinite

dark subdorsal line, which arises on verruca Beta of the mesothorax, and becomes

wider on more posterior segments,

so that on the third and subsequent

abdominal segments it includes both

verrucae Beta and Rho; on each

abdominal segment the subdorsal

lines are also connected across the

dorsum, posterior to verruca Beta.

; Vy aly Y

Text-ric. 4.—Deilemera alba Pagenstecher. Head “The head presents no

Full-grown larva. (Drawn by Dr. V. B. .

Wigglesworth.) features of interest.

Thorax.—On the prothorax (I, Text-fig. 5) all the setae of the Beta group

are on one plate; a and y form a continuous row, f is represented by a short

Text-Fia. 5.—Deilemera alba. Prothorax (I), Mesothorax (II), and first

abdominal segment (i) of full-grown larva, seen from left. Only the

bases of the setae are indicated.

row, which is separated by a definite gap from 6. Rho is a group of four to five

small setae on a small brown plate. Mesothorax and metathorax resemble one

another, and only differ from prothorax in Beta, which is round, and shows no

trace of the separate existence of a and 8. The legs, and the spiracles call for

no comment.

Abdomen.—Throughout the abdomen a and f are completely united: Rho

is always separate from Beta. The homologies of the setae below the spiracles

HETEROCERA. 195

are not certain ; difficulties present themselves in attempting to ascribe certain

setae to Pi, and its associates. The whole question may require revision, and

the study of a large number of genera, and especially of larvae of the first stage.

But the notation here used is consistent with Fracker’s * (his Plates III and IV,

figures of Hyphantria): « and y are united on abdominal segments 1 to 3; they

are separate on segments 4 to 7; » and » are united on segment 8. (Text-fig. 6).

() oS

2 0 OA

c6oO9

C2) 1p

Q) 0

Text-Fi¢. 6.—Deilemera alba. Abdominal segments 6-10 of full-grown larva.

Pi is on a brown chitinous plate, on the lateral aspect of the proleg, in all seg-

ments in which a proleg occurs. o is a group of small setae, in a subventral

position, in all the legless segments.

On segments 1-8 there is a minute single seta, arising from a well-chitinized

base, anterior to the spiracle ; I cannot homologise it with any recognised seta,

but it is a very definite and characteristic structure. It is marked x in Text-

fig. 6. ‘The coalescence of the verrucae in the two terminal abdominal segments

is shown in the same figure.

The crochets of the prolegs as in all Arctiidae, are uniordinal, heteroideus,

and arranged in a mesoseries.

Conclusion.—The larva of Deilemera alba has a superficial resemblance to

that of a Lymantriid ; this is due to the clavate-plumed setae on the mesothorax.

That the resemblance is only superficial, is shown by the absence of glands

* Fracker, S. B. The Classification of Lepidopterous Larvae. Illinois Biol. Monogr. (2) ;

July 1915. Forbes, W.T. M. A Structural Study of some Caterpillars. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer.

(3), 94-132.

196 INSEOTS OF SAMOA. |

on the dorsum of abdominal segments six and seven. ‘The larva has all the

characters of an Arctiid, as defined by Fracker, and by Forbes.”

11. Deilemera mundipicta samoensis, subsp. n. (Plate XII, fig. 4).

g and 9. In size smaller than the typical subspecies, and more like the

Fijian D. mundipicta fasciata Walker. ‘The transverse white band of the fore-

wings, which in the Fijian subspecies is narrower than that in any other known

subspecies, is in this new subspecies broad at the middle, and is shaped somewhat

like that of the Solomon Islands subspecies, D. mundipicta aluensis.

Holotype g and allotype 9. Tutuila: Pago Pago, 14.xi1.1925.

Paratypes. Tutuila: 4 gg, 6 99, x11.1917, iv.1918 (Kellers); 1 9, 1889

(Lister) ; Pago Pago, 1 J, 10.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ; 1 J, 11.1927 (Steffany) ;

1 9, 12.1v.1925 (Bryan); 3 99, xii.1924, 14.xii.1925; Atauloma, 1 gy 2 99,

11, 12.viii. 1925.

Manua: Tau, 1 4,1 9, 21.11.1926 (Judd).

12. Argina cribraria Clerck.

Ph. [alaena] eribrarva Clerck, Icones, ii, pl. 54, 1764.

Argina cribraria Clerck, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxil. p. 125, 1915.

Upolu: 1 2 (Henniger); Apia, 2 99, 29.1.1924, 30.1.1925; Moa Moa,

2 29, 18.iv.1924.

AGROTIDAE.

AGROTINAE

13. Heliothis armigera Hiibner.

Noctua armigera Hiibner, Europ. Schmett., Tab. Noctua 79, fig. 370, 1802-1808.

Samoa. 1 Q, ii—vili.1921 (O’Connor).

It is to be hoped that nothing will occur to disturb further the name

Heliothis arnngera. Hampson (Cat. Lep. Phal. B. M., iv, p. 15, 1903) cites:

Heliothis, Ochsenheimer, Schmett. Hur., iv, p. 91, 1816, non descr.; Treitschke,

Schmett. Hur., v, 3, p. 215, 1826. Ochsenheimer, however, refers under Helvothis,

to Heliothentes Hiibner, which, although not the name of a genus in our sense,

is applied to a group indicated by Hiibner in his Tentamen. I adopt the name

from Ochsenheimer, 1816, on the ground of that indication (cf. p. 172).

HETEROCERA. 197

The first type-citation for the genus Heliothis Ochsenheimer appears to be

that of D. Thon in Ersch and Gruber, Allgemeine Encyclopédie der Wissenschaften,

Section II, Part 5, p. 131, where we find the definite statement: ‘‘ Als Typus

beschreiben wir: H. dipsacea Linn.”

The use of the generic name in this sense was well established long before

any attempt was made to upset it, and there was no need for any change to be

made. When the trivial name armigera was supplanted by obsoleta Fabricius,

this was done contrary to the rules and accepted practice in nomenclature.

Bombyzx obsoleta Fabricius, Ent. Syst., III (1), p. 465, 1793 (non Fabricius, 1775),

is an absolute homonym.

14. Heliothis assulta Guenée.

Heliothis assulta Guenée, Species Général des Lépidoptéeres, Noct., u, p. 178, 1852.

Heliothis separata Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xi, p. 691, 1857.

Chloridea assulta Guenée, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxx, pp. 125, 144, 1915.

This record is based on two males in the British Museum collection, one of

these being Walker’s type of H. separata. These two specimens are labelled

“ Navigators Islands,” the old name of the group. Rebel] merely repeats

Walker’s record.

HADENINAE.

15. Tiracola plagiata Walker (Plate VIII, fig. 2).

Agrotis plagiata Walker, List. Lep. Ins. B. M., xi, p. 740, 1857.

Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 13 gg, 6, 7.vil.1924 ; 7 99, 5, 6, 7.vii.1924.

Tutuila: 1 9, iv.1918 (Kellers) ; Pago Pago, 2 99, 11.1924 (Steffany).

16. Tiracola rufimargo samoensis, subsp. n. (Plate VIII, fig. 1).

3g. Palpus pinkish buff, the first and second segments with chocolate to

fuscous black shading laterally. Antennal shaft pinkish buff irrorated with

terra cotta to fuscous. Head with frons pinkish buff, vertex greyish olive.

Thorax greyish olive streaked with drab and benzo brown, with a prominent

patch of fuscous black on the mesothorax posteriorly. Abdomen pinkish buff,

dorsally almost entirely suffused with benzo brown, except for the ochraceous

198 INSECTS OF SAMOA. -

buff terminal tuft, ventrally irrorated with fuscous black with the segments

distally tinged with terra cotta. Pectus pinkish buff, strongly suffused with

terra cotta, and with strong fuscous black lateral shading from just above middle

of eyes back below insertion of forewings, and two similar streaks ventrally from

the eye margins ; legs pinkish buff to ochraceous buff, with fuscous black mark-

ings, most pronounced on the mid tibia. Forewing greyish olive to drab, the

basal half with patches of ochraceous orange to ochraceous tawny shading, the

area before the termen tinged with vinaceous-russet ; a chocolate antemedial

fascia forming a sharp angle between upper margin of cell and anal vein ; trace

of a medial fascia, oblique from middle of costa to lower angle of cell, thence

oblique to middle of inner margin ; a large reniform stigma outlined in fuscous

black, enclosing some bright patches of ochraceous orange ; a postmedial series

of prominent fuscous black dots on the veins ; traces of a gently sinuous sub-

terminal line, accentuated by ochraceous orange shading and a dash of fuscous

black between veins M, and M, ; a terminal series of interneural vandyke brown

dots, succeeded by a fine fuscous terminal edging, and vinaceous russet fringe ;

there are also a number of spots along the costa, including three small dots before

the apex. Hindwing light buff to pinkish buff, distal half suffused with terra

cotta lightly irrorated postmedially to subterminally with fuscous ; fringe light

buff, vinaceous tawny through its middle. Underside: forewing almost entirely

terra cotta to vinaceous tawny, except for a little drab in the subterminal area

showing up a terminal series of interneural terra cotta dots, and for the light buff

inner marginal area, which broadens basad and runs into base of cell ; hindwing

light buff to pinkish buff, suffused with terra cotta over an area extending from

end of cell to apex and from costa to just below vein M;, this area being further

marked with little fuscous black dashes; one prominent fuscous black spot

postmedially on vein Sc ; silky hair at base of cell Congo pink, and traces of the

same colour postmedially to termen from the terra cotta to vein A, ; a terminal

series of interneural terra cotta dots from vein Rs to vein Cu, ; fringe as on upper

side.

2. The only 9 available is very dark, the forewings being of a warm

sepia, strongly infuscate, from base to antemedial fascia much lighter (argus

brown) ; the reniform stigma is almost obscured, but there is a definite festooning

(concavities terminad) of the postmedial fascia. ‘The hindwings are pale at

the base, but heavily infuscate beyond the postmedial area. Underside: both

fore and hindwings densely irrorated with fuscous to fuscous black, the fore-

HETEROCERA. 199

wing with a pronounced postmedial fuscous black dash from costa to vein M,,

the hindwing with a postmedial series of dashes on veins Sc to Cup, fuscous

shading running from costa to vein Rs.

Expanse gf, 60 mm.; 9 62 mm.

Holotype g. Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 7.vi1.1924.

Allotype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 6.vii.1924.

Paratypes, 2 gg from the same locality, 6.vii.1924.

The hindwing in the typical subspecies, 7. rufimargo rufimargo Warren,

is uniformly dark to the pale fringe, while in the Samoan subspecies the proximal

two-thirds is not infuscate.

ACRONICTINAE.

17. Callopistria meridionalis nauticorum, subsp. nov. (Plate XII, fig. 8).

(Callopistria meridionalis Collenette, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., Ixxvi, p. 471, text-fig. 1, pl. 21, fig. 4,

1928.)

The subspecies of C. meridionalis occurring in Samoa, the New Hebrides

and the Vavau Group (Tonga) are noticeably distinct from the typical subspecies

which inhabits Rapa in one feature, viz., the course of the postmedial fascia.

In the typical subspecies this fascia has a definite kink (concavity terminad)

between veins Cu, and A,, whereas in C. m. nauticorum it is only slightly

bowed in that region. This subspecies was recorded as Hriopus mallards

Guenée by Rebel (Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw., Kl., Ixxxv,

p. 425, 1910: 2 Bewheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxu, p. 145, 1915).

Holotype 2. Tutuila: Pago Pago, v.1896 (de la Garde).

Allotype g. Tutuila: Pago Pago, 11.1924 (Steffany).

Paratypes. Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 1 9, 1.vu.1924 (Armstrong) ;

1 Q, 5.vii.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 2 gg, 1 9, 1., 14.ix.1924 (Steffany).

Another J, taken by Kellers.

18. Calogramma festiva Donovan.

Phalaena festiva Donovan, Epit. N. H. Ins. New Holland, pl. 36, 1805.

Calogramma fesiiva Donovan, Rebel, 2 Beiheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxil, p. 125, 1915.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 g, 21.ix.1923 (Steffany) ; 1 9, iv.1918 (Kellers).

This species was not represented in the material collected by Buxton and

200 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Hopkins. Rebel records one specimen taken on Upolu at Apia by Dr.

Friederichs.

19. Prodenia litura Fabricius.

Noctua litura Fabricius, Syst. Ent., p. 601, 1775.

Hadena littoralis Boisduval, Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, ii [2], p. 289, 1883; Faun. Ent.

Madagq., Lep., p. 91, pl. 18, fig. 8, 1833.

Prodenia litioralis Boisduval, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., Ixxxv,

p. 424, 1910.

Prodenia litura Fabricius, Rebel, 2 Beiheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 125, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 1 3, 2 99, 18.ii., 26.v.1922, 14.vi.1924 (Armstrong); 1 3,

4 99, 20.iv., 19.v., 1x.1924, vil.1925; 1 9, 15.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ;

2 specimens (Friederichs), recorded by Rebel, 1915; Malifa, 2 specimens, 10.v.,

6.vill.1905 (Rechinger), recorded by Rebel, 1910; Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 1 J,

2 99, 6, 7, 8.v.1924 (Armstrong) ; 2g, 3 99, 24.ii., 7, 9.v.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 5 gg, 1 9, 14.1x., x.1923, 1.1924; Leone Road,

2 OO, 22.11.1926 (Judd).

Manua: Ofu, 1 9, 27.11.1926 (Judd).

A widely distributed species, found throughout Africa, and in addition

ranging from eastern Hurope to the Sandwich Islands. The larva is injurious

to cotton, tobacco and maize, and feeds on many other plants.

20. Spodoptera mauritia Boisduval.

Hadena mauritia Boisduval, Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, i [2], p. 240, 1833; Faun. Ent.

Madag., Lep., p. 92, pl. 13, fig. 9, 1833.

Spodoptera mauritia Boisd., Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., Ixxxv,

p. 424, 1910.

Spodoptera mauritia Boisduval, Rebel, 2 Becheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 125, 1915.

A widely distributed species, found throughout Africa, and in addition

ranging throughout the Indo-Australian region, and also many of the Pacific

Islands. The larva is injurious to rice in the Punjab.

Samoa. 1,1 9, ili—vili.1921 (O’Connor) ; 1 g (Reincke), recorded by Rebel,

1910.

Upolu: Apia, a number of specimens (Friederichs), recorded by Rebel,

1915; 1 9, 14.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); 1 3, 4 99, 3.11, 18.x.1922,

14.11.1923, 4.11., 10.v.1924 (Armstrong) ; 3 gg, 14 99, 5.v., 27.vi.1924, 26.111.

1925; 7, 19, 22.11.,.8; 18.v.,7,. 19,21, 30.vi., 18.x.);7.x1., 24.xi1,1924:_ Malo-

HETEROCERA. 201

lolelei, 2,000 feet, 3 gg, 5 O9, 12, 24, 25.11, 6.v1.1924, 21.iv.1925 ; Malifa,

28.v., 6.vi.1905 (Rechinger); Motootua, 31.v.1905 (Rechinger); Vaimea,

7.v1.1905 (Rechinger).

Savaii: Salailua, 2 99, 12.vill.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 3g, x.1923; 10 99, 14.ix., x.1923, 1., 11.1924

(Steffany) ; Leone Rd., 2 99, 22.11.1926 (Judd).

Manua: Ofu, 3 99, 27.11., 2.111.1926 (Judd).

21. Perigea illecta Walker (Plate VII, figs. 10,11; Plate VIII, figs. 6, 7).

Perigea illecta Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xxxii, p. 684, 1865.

Perigea capensis Guenée Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., lxxxv, p. 425,

1910, non Guenée.

Perigea capensis Guenée Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 145, 1915, non

Guenée.

It is unfortunate that the name “ Perigea capensis”? has been wrongly

applied to this species, because the moth is of economic importance and the name

has in consequence become widely diffused through economic entomological

literature. I have been unable to discover the type of Perigea capensis, which

should be in the Oberthiir collection, but Guenée’s description leaves no doubt

in my mind that the moth he described was certainly not the one with which

we are here concerned. There is scope for more research in connection with

the geographical distribution of the species and its possible representation by

subspecies in various parts of the world. At present, however, I cannot find

constant differentiating characters and so I prefer to leave the Samoan insect

under its new name Perigea illecta.

Samoa. 1 9, ii.—vil.1921 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 1 3, 3.v.1922, 2 99, 14.i1., 10.11.1923 (Armstrong); 2 33,

19.11., 31.vii.1924; Malololelei, 2 99, 2.vii.1924 (Armstrong); Malololelei,

2,000 feet, 9 Ss, 13, 22, 25.11.1924, 21.iv.1925, 7 99, 22-24.ii., 25.vi.1924;

20.1x.1925 ; Malifa, 10, 26.vi., 29.vii., 6.vili.1905 (Rechinger).

Tutuila : Pago Pago, 2 fg, 3 99, 1.1924 (Steffany).

22. Elydna nonagrica Walker.

Curgia nonagrica Walker, Journ. Linn. Soc., Zoology, vii, p. 166, 1864.

Amphipyra agrotoides Snellen, Tijdschr. v. Ent., xxiii, p. 77, pl. 6, fig. 6, 1880.

This species is widely, and wrongly, known as Elydna reclusa Walker.

Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 2 $$, 6, 7.vil.1924, 1 9, 9.vii.1924.

II (4) 3

202 INSECTS OF SAMOA. -

23. Chasmina tibialis Fabricius.

Chasmina tibialis Fabricius, Syst. Ent., p. 578, 1775.

Leocyma tibialis Fabricius, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., Ixxxv.,

p. 425, 1910.

Chasmina tibialis Fabricius, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 125, 1915.

Samoa. 2 99, iii.—viii.1921 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, 1.i11.1922 (Armstrong) ; 2 gd, 14.ix.1923, 1 9, 9.ix.1923

(Swezey and Wilder); 5 99, 28.i., 2.iii., 29, 30.iv., 30.v.1924; Malololelei,

2,000 feet, 3 Sg, 24.11.1924, 2 OP, 24, 25.11.1924; Malifa, a number of speci-

mens of both sexes, 21.vi-viii.1905 (Rechinger). A number of specimens,

1912-1913 (Friederichs) ; Vailima, 1 9, 19.i11.1924.

Savaii: 1 9, June, 1905 (Rechinger).

Tutuila: 3 9g, 3 99 (Kellers) ; Pago Pago, 9 So, 1199, bearing the following

dates 14, 21.ix., x.1923, i, 11.1924 (Steffany).

Manua: Ofu, 3 gg, 1 9, 27.11.1926 (Judd).

I suspect that this species may prove to be another of which further study

will provide us with evidence of geographical variation. The type is a female,

and I can find no evidence to show exactly whence it originated, neither can I

exactly match the female genitalia. Much more material from other islands

in the Pacific Ocean is required before adequate studies of these interesting species

can be made. The Samoan specimens are, as far as I can at present judge,

superficially indistinguishable from the type.

ERASTRIINAE.

24. Eublemma rivula Moore.

Thalpochares rivula Moore, Deser. Lep. Ins. Coll. Atk., p. 140, 1882.

Samoa. 1 Q, 11.—vili.1921 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, 13.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); 1 ¢, 11.1924, 1 9,

x.1925; Aleipata, 1 9, iv.-v.1924.

Savaii: Tuasivi, 1 J, 1 9, 9.11.1924.

Manua: Tau, 1 9, 27.1x.1923 (Swezey).

HETEROCERA. 203

25. Eublemma pudica Snellen.

Thalpochares pudica Snellen, Tijdschr. v. Ent., xxiii, p. 63, pl. 5, fig. 5, 1880.

Eublemma pudica Snellen, Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal. B. M., x, p. 77, 1910.

Upolu: Lalomanu, Aleipata, 1 J, x1.1924.

26. Oruza cariosa Lucas.

Thermesia cariosa Lucas, Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Queensland, i, p. 8, 1894.

Oruza cariosa Lucas, Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal. B. M., x, p. 254, pl. 156, fig. 13, 1910.

Oruza cariosa Lucas, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxu, p. 126, 1915.

Samoa. 1 g (Mathew), recorded by Hampson. An otherwise Australian

species.

27. Amyna natalis Walker.

Berresa naialis Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xvi, p. 214, 1858.

Amyna natalis Walker, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxu, p. 126, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, 14.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); 2 gg, 21.vi., 1x.1924,

1 9, vill.1924.

Savail: Tuasivi, 3 gg, 8, 9.11.1924, 3 99, 8.11.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 9, x.1923 (Steffany).

28. Amyna octo Guenée.

Perigea octo Guenée, Spec. Gén., Noct., i, p. 233, 1852.

Amyna octo Guenée, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., Ixxxv, p. 425,

1910.

Amyna octo Guenée, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 126, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 1 g, 24.vii.1924 (Armstrong) ; Malololelei, 1 9, 18.iv.1924

(Armstrong) ; Lalomanu, 1 9, xi.1924.

Savaii: Salailua, 1 ¢, 12.vii.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 9, 14.xi1.1925.

204 INSECTS OF SAMOA. ©

29. Eustrotia ritsemae Snellen.

Erastria ritsemae Snellen, Tijdschr v. Ent., xxiii, p. 57, pl. 5, fig. 2, 1880.

Erastria ritsemae Snellen, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., [xxxv,

p. 426, 1910.

Erastria ritsemae Snellen, Rebel in Galvagni, Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, Ixii, p. (121), 1912.

Eustrotia ritsemae Snellen, Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal. B. M., x, p. 588, 1910.

Erastria ritsemae Snellen, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 126, 1915.

Samoa. 1 3, 1920 (O’Connor).

Upolu: 1 3, xi.1910 (Prowazek); Apia, 1 9, 14.ix.1923 (Swezey and

Wilder); 1 g, 1 9, 4.v.1924 (Armstrong); 1 9, 11.1924; Malololelei, 3 34,

24.11.1924, 21.1v.1925; 1 9, 25.vi.1924; Lalomanu, 1 9, xi.1924.

Savaii: Fagamalo, 1 3, 10.11.1924; Tuasivi, 1 g, 8.11.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 4 99, 18.1x.1923, 1, 11.1924 (Steffany); 2 99,

10.ix.1923 (Swezey); 2 gg, 22.ix.1923, 11.1924; Amauli, 1 g, 1 9, 9.ix.1923

(Swezey).

Manua: Tau, 1 ¢, 27.1x.1923 (Swezey).

EUTELIINAE.

30. Bombotelia simplex Walker.

Lutelia simplex Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xxxin, p. 824, 1865.

Upolu: Apia, 1 3, 24.v1.1924 (Armstrong); Malololelei, 1 9, 26.vi.1922

(Armstrong).

31. Phlegetonia fasciatrix Semper.

Eurhipia fasciatric Semper, Reise Arch. Philipp., Schmett., u, p. 711, pl. 66, fig. 20, 1902.

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, 10.11.1923 (Armstrong).

32. Phlegetonia delatrix Guenée.

Penicillaria delatriz Guenée, Spec. Gén., Noct., 11, p. 804, 1852.

Samoa. 1 2, 1920 (O’Connor).

33. Paectes canescens, sp.n. (Plate VI. fig. 14.)

2. Palpus cartridge buff, outwardly irrorated with avellaneous and bone-

brown mixed. Antenna with a tuft at base, cartridge buff tinged with avel-

laneous, the shaft dorsally with proximal half cartridge buff banded with bone

brown, distal half infuscate, ventrally russet. Head and thorax with cartridge

HETEROCERA. 205

buff, sulphur yellow, avellaneous, fuscous and bone brown mixed, the tegula

streaked with whitish.* Abdomen dorsally and ventrally similarly coloured,

with hardly any whitish, and with traces of fuscous black distally on most

segments dorsally, more pronounced on basal segments. Pectus cartridge buff,

shaded brownish drab below eyes. Legs cartridge buff, irrorated with fuscous,

densely in case of foreleg. Forewing fuscous extensively suffused with whitish,

except along costa and between postmedial fascia and termen below vein M2 ;

some sulphur yellow scales sub-basally below costa ; antemedial fascia commenc-

ing below cell, consisting of an inwardly oblique line of velvety bone brown

scales preceded by sulphur yellow shading, and succeeded by a patch of fuscous

shading with a few sulphur scales near inner margin; discocellulars marked

with velvety bone brown, with traces of an oblique fuscous medial fascia from

end of cell to middle of inner margin ; postmedial fascia sulphur yellow, starting

on costa in direction of tornus, but immediately sweeping out suddenly towards

termen in a deep loop, the lower arm of which runs back towards the cell along

vein M,, suddenly bending when opposite its costal commencement and running

obliquely and straight to inner margin; the loop is edged proximally with

velvety bone brown, the oblique portion of the postmedial fascia being edged

proximally with fuscous, its distal edge being entirely velvety bone brown except

for about 2 mm. from the costa ; a triangular fuscous shade immediately beyond

postmedial with base on inner margin; the whitish suffusion very pronounced

beyond loop of postmedial, leaving an oval fuscous spot just before apex, and

accentuating a fuscous shade between veins M, and Cu, ; a sinuous subterminal

fascia, not very distinct, from postmedial loop to inner margin ; a pre-terminal

velvety bone brown line parallel with a similar terminal line; fringe fuscous,

chequered with cartridge buff triangles at vein-ends, the apices of the triangles

directed, distad but not quite reaching the edge of the fringe. Hindwing

cartridge buff heavily shaded with fuscous, especially in distal half ; an indefinite

sinuous medial fascia, beyond which the fuscous shading increases to form a

broad fascia postmedially to subterminally ; two conspicuous confluent patches

of cartridge buff before the termen, one on each side of vein Cuz, with between

them a small patch of light buff scales outlined with bone brown, marking the

end of the velvety bone brown pre-terminal line, some whitish irroration between

veins Sc and Mg, before the termen ; terminal line velvety bone brown ; fringe

* Terms indicating colour conditions not included in Ridgway (Cf. p. 187, footnote) are printed

in italics.

206 INSECTS OF SAMOA. |

similar to that of forewing. Underside of both fore and hindwings cartridge bufi

heavily shaded with fuscous, the forewing more densely than the hindwing ;

forewing with a very small fuscous spot at middle of discocellulars ; faint

traces of an oblique diffuse medial fascia from M, well beyond end of cell, to

middle of inner margin ; postmedial fascia deeply bowed—but without the loop

present in the upper side postmedial—crenulate, cartridge buff edged proximally

and distally with fuscous ; subterminal fascia cartridge buff, interrupted to form

a series of dashes; terminal line velvety bone brown preceded by cartridge

buff; fringe as on upperside; hindwing similar, but with discocellular spot

triangular proximad, medial shade sinuous, prominent, postmedial fascia with

a broader curve than that of forewing, subterminal fascia continuous, com-

mencing at about vein M,, broadening towards anal angle.

Expanse 35 mm.

Holotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 22.iv.1925.

Paratype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 29.xi.1924.

This species seems closely related to P. cyanodes Turner.

STICTOPTERINAE.

34. Stictoptera hepatica Rebel.

Stictoptera hepatica Rebel, 2 Becheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, pp. 126, 148, pl. 1, fig. 8,

1915.

Samoa. 1 gf and later 3 gg, 2 9° (Friederichs).

Upolu: Apia, 2 gg, x.1925; Malololelei, 2 gg, 22.11, 5.vi.1924, 5 29,

23, 24.11, 5.vil.1924.

35. Gyrtona hopkinsi, sp. n. (Plate XII, fig. 11).

3d. Palpus deep brownish drab finely irrorated with tilleul buff, cartridge

buff ventrally. Antennae deep brownish drab. Thorax deep brownish drab

mixed with pale brownish drab, patagium with a fine transverse medial fuscous

black fascia. Tergum light buff shaded with pale brownish drab. Pectus light

buff. Foreleg deep brownish drab, irrorated with cartridge buff, tibia with

some long light buff hair-scales, tarsus with each segment narrowly ringed

distally with cartridge buff; mid and hind legs light buff, the mid tibia shaded

with brownish drab. Venter light buff. Forewing deep brownish drab, mottled

with light brownish drab and some light buff ; four fine, fuscous black, crenulate,

gently bowed lines before the middle, all concavities basad; a prominent

HETEROCERA. -207

reniform stigma, finely outlined with fuscous black, a dark mark at its middle

giving it the appearance of being transversely bisected; postmedial fascia

consisting of a fine, fuscous black, dentate line deeply bowed round end of cell

(concavity basad), slightly oblique and bowed (concavity terminad) from vein

Cu, to inner margin ; a subterminal fascia parallel with termen, of fuscous black

dots, those between R,; and M,, and M, and Cu, the most prominent, succeeded

by some pallid brownish drab markings, dentate terminad ; a series of fuscous

black terminal lunules ; fringe shaded with fuscous black from apex to middle

of wing. Hindwing light buff, the distal half shaded with fuscous; fringe

fuscous proximally, light buff distally. Underside light buff, shaded with

avellaneous. Hxpanse 37 mm.

Q. Similar, but the ground colour of the forewing pale brownish drab.

Holotype J, allotype 2 and paratype 9.

Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 5.vi.1924.

36. Gyrtona divitalis Walker.

Gyrtona dwitalis Walker, Last Lep. Ins. B. M., xxvii, p. 91, 1863.

Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 1 9, 25.v1.1924.

SARROTHRIPINAE.

37. Microthripa buxtoni, sp. n. (Plate VII, fig. 3).

Q. Palpus light buff, shaded on outer side with sepia. Head, thorax and

tergum tilleul buff to light buff, shaded with sepia. Pectus and venter light buff.

Legs light buff, foreleg shaded with sepia. Forewing tilleul buff to light buff,

markings sepia ; a dark more or less rectangular spot on costa at base ; a dark

shade commencing antemedially on costa and widening out to fill the space

between antemedial fascia (not defined) and postmedial fascia below the cell ;

a prominent dark spot at discocellulars ; postmedial fascia regularly interrupted

at veins, bowed (concavity basad) round end of cell, then oblique to middle of

inner margin; subterminal fascia similar, but parallel with termen, and suc-

ceeded by a similar fascia well before termen ; a fine dark terminal line. Hind-

wing cartridge buff lightly suffused with sepia over distal half. Underside

cartridge buff, forewing lightly suffused with sepia except for a broad area along

inner margin. Hxpanse 12 mm.

Holotype 9.

Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 21.iv.1925.

208 INSECTS OF SAMOA. —

38. Apothripa vailima, sp. n. (Plate XII, fig. 10).

g. Palpus cartridge buff suffused with deep olive. Antennal scaling deep

olive. Head, thorax and tergum light buff tinged with deep olive. Pectus

light buff. Venter light buff tinged with deep olive. Legs light buff, shaded

with deep olive, the foreleg most strongly, the hind leg slightly. Forewing

deep olive, with the markings as in the figure, the lighter ones cartridge buff,

the darker ones dark olive. Hindwing cartridge buff, shaded distally with

fuscous. Underside forewing drab grey, hindwing cartridge buff lightly suffused

with fuscous except in and immediately around cell. @ similar. The pattern

is very variable, the transverse markings sometimes not exhibited, occasionally

a prominent dark olive or olive brown fascia extending longitudinally through

the middle of the wing. Expanse 20-22 mm.

Holotype g. Upolu: Apia, 22.v.1924.

Allotype 2. Upolu: Vailima, 3.vi.1924.

Paratypes. Upolu: Apia, 1, 13.iv.1924 (Armstrong); 2 99, 31.iv.,

26.v.1924 ; Vailima, 1 9, 10.1v.1925.

39. Barasa rebeli, sp. n. (Plate VII, fig. 2).

Barasa tetragramma Hampson Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., xxxv,

p. 424, pl. 18, fig. 13, 1910 (non Hampson).

Barasa tetragramma Hampson, Rebel, 2 Beiheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 127, 1915

(non Hampson).

¢G. Palpus white, shaded and irrorated with chocolate. Antenna at base

white irrorated with vinaceous fawn, then fuscous. Head and thorax white

irrorated with avellaneous, vinaceous fawn and fuscous. Abdomen white,

with a fuscous-tipped white basal crest, and some mouse grey shading dorsally.

Pectus and legs white, the foreleg with the femur heavily shaded with chocolate

and fuscous black, the tibia irrorated or blotched with chocolate, the tarsus with

the first segment white irrorated with chocolate, the rest fuscous to fuscous

black. Forewing white, with the pattern picked out in cinereous, avellaneous

to vinaceous fawn, fuscous, chestnut brown to chocolate, and fuscous black ;

a basal patch, fuscous mixed with vinaceous fawn and cinereous, edged on costa

with chocolate, distally with fuscous black, and not extending to inner margin ;

a pronounced zig-zag antemedial fascia, white, edged vinaceous tawny proximad,

with fuscous to fuscous black edging distad, from costa to lower margin of cell,

where there is a pronounced dot at base of vein Cue, followed by another pro-

HETEROCERA. 209

minent dot on the anal vein (A,) ; medial area with heavier vinaceous fawn and

fuscous irroration forming a shade; a sepia spot at end of cell; an irregular

white postmedial fascia, strongly bowed round end of cell, accentuated proximad

by fuscous black dots on the veins (that on Cu, most prominent), edged distad

by a vinaceous fawn shade ; a fuscous black subterminal line, less deeply bowed

than postmedial, obsolescent at costa, between veins M, and Ms, and between

Cu, and inner margin; all the fasciae commencing with chocolate on costa ;

strong vinaceous fawn irroration before the termen, forming a distinct shade

broadest at costa, where there is a fuscous black apical mark ; a series of fuscous

black terminal dots on veins; fringe variegated vinaceous fawn, white and

fuscous. Hindwing white, the distal third lightly shaded fuscous ; fringe white.

Underside: forewing tawny olive to fuscous, costa with white edge,

tinged with chocolate at base with three chocolate dashes before apex, fringe

almost entirely white ; hindwing white, shaded tawny olive to fuscous from cell

to costa, distal fourth infuscate ; fringe white with a few fuscous scales.

Q. Larger, markings somewhat lighter. Underside forewings tawny

olive rather than fuscous.

Expanse, g 22 mm., 2 26 mm.

Holotype g. Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 24.11.1924.

Allotype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 21.1v.1925.

Paratypes. Samoa, i1.—vi1.1921 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 1g, 13.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ; 2g, 1 9, ix., 17.x1.1924.

Malololelei, 2 33, 2 99, 24.11.1924, 21.1v.1926; Siumu, 1 3, 24.x1.1923 (Armstrong).

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 2 gg, 1 9, i, 1.1924 (Steffany).

40. Characoma scoparioides Walker.

Corticata scoparioides Walker, Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool., vu, p. 53, 1863.

Characoma scoparioides Walker, Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal. B. M., xi, p. 230, 1912.

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, 14.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).

I suspect that this moth lacks the areole in the forewing, and may belong

more properly in the genus Dilophothripa.

41. Mniothripa lichenigera Hampson.

Giaura lichenigera Hampson, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), xvi, p. 543, 1905.

Mniothripa lichenigera Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal. B. M., xi, p. 261, 1912.

Tutuila: 1 g, 1 9 (Kellers).

210 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

WESTERMANNIINAE.

42. Earias huegeliRogenhofer.

Earias huegeli Rogenhofer, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xx, p. 872, 1870.

Earias huegeli Rogenhofer, Rebel, 2 Beiheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 127, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 1 g, vii.1896 (de la Garde); Mulifanua, 1 9, 27.vii.1925

(Wilder).

43. Earias luteolaria Hampson.

Earias luteolaria Hampson, Ill. Lep. Het. B. M., viii, p. 46, pl. 139, fig. 16, 1891.

Earias uninotata Walker, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., lxxxv,

p. 424, 1910 (non Walker).

Earias luteolaria Hampson, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 127, 1915.

The material available for clearing up the difficulties connected with the

synonymy of #. uninotata Walker, HL. flavida Felder and L. luteolaria Hampson

is insufficient to make a final statement possible at present, but as far as I am

able to judge it is safe to use the name #. luteolaria Hampson for the Samoan

species.

Samoa. 1 9, ii—viii, 1921 (O’Connor).

Upolu: 1 ¢ (Henniger); Apia, several specimens (Friederichs); 1 3,

v1.1925, 1 9, 21.1x.1924; Malololelei, 3 99, 24, 25.11.1924 ; Malifa, 19, 28.v.1905

(Rechinger).

Tutuila: 1 3, 1 2 (Kellers) ; Pago Pago, 4 99, x.1923, 1.1924 (Steffany).

44. Maceda mansueta Walker.

Maceda mansueta Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xiii, p. 1141, 1857.

Maceda mansueta Walker, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., Ixxxv,

p. 425, 1910.

Maceda mansueta Walker, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 127, 1915.

Samoa. 2 fg, 1 9, 1920 (O'Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 2 gg (Friederichs), 1 9, 3.11.1924 (Armstrong) ; 2 99, 27.111.

1924, x.1925; Malololelei, 1 g, 11.vil.1925, 3 929, vil.1925, 12.vi1.1925

(Wilder); 5 gd, 22, 24, 25.11.1924, 21.iv.1925, 5 OQ, 24.41.1924, 25.vi.1924,

5.vii.1924, L8.vili.1924; Malifa, 1 g,1 9, 9, 10.vi.1905 (Rechinger) ; Vailima,

1 9, 22.xii.1924.

HETEROCERA. 211

45. Maurilia iconica Walker.

Anomis iconica Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xiii, p. 992, 1857.

Churia arcuata Walker, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., Ixxxv, p. 426,

1910 (non Walker).

Maurilia iconica Walker, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 127, 1915.

Upolu: 1 Q, viii.1905 (Rechinger) ; 4 specimens, including at least 1 9

(Friederichs) ; Apia, 1 9, 13.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ; 1 g, 1 9, 10.x.1922

(Armstrong) ; Malololelei, 1 3 (very large), 6.v1.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 3, 1 9, 1.1924 (Steffany).

CATOCALINAE.

Anomocala, gen. nov.

Proboscis fully developed; palpus with the second segment obliquely

upturned reaching level of vertex, broadly and smoothly scaled, the third

segment porrect, slender, smoothly scaled, half as long as second; frons with

conical tuft of hair reaching forward to palpus; eye large, round, prominent ;

antenna (2 only known) with very fine short bristles ; thorax clothed with scales

and without noticeable crests ; fore tibia outwardly fringed with hair-scales ;

abdomen without crests. Forewing with the costa slightly bowed at base and

apex, termen angled at vein Ms, slightly crenulate ; vein Rz from Ry, anasto-

mosing with R, to form areole ; M,, M,, M; and Cu, from the cell; Cu, from

cell well before the angle. Hindwing with the termen rounded to vein Cus,

crenulate ; veins Rs and M, connate, M, from just above lower angle, Mg and

Cu, connate, Cu, well before the angle of the cell.

Genotype: Anomocala hopkins: Tams, sp. nov.

46. Anomocala hopkinsi, sp. nov. (Plate VI, fig. 16; Piate VII, fig. 5).

?. Palpus with the second segment mummy brown outwardly, the third

segment warm buff. Antenna sepia. Head with frons clothed with hght

ochraceous buff scales, vertex light buff, to fuscous occipitally. Thorax cinna-

mon brown to russet. Abdomen greyish olive to drab, with a small terminal

tuft of light ochraceous buff. Pectus clothed with white-tipped fuscous hair-

scales, mixed with some light buff. Legs sepia, the fore tibia irrorated with

white, the mid tibia warm sepia. Underside of abdomen greyish olive, the

segments edged with olive buff. Forewing russet to Mars brown with some traces

212 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

of chestnut brown suffusion, strongly irrorated with black; a black spot in

middle of cell ; two small chestnut brown and black spots near the lower angle of

the cell, one between veins M; and Cu,, and the other close to it just below vein

Cu, ; a black, interrupted, zig-zag subterminal fascia commencing very close to

apex, forming a prominent black spot between veins R; and Mj), and becoming

less pronounced towards tornus, ending in a distinct spot before the tornus and

above vein A, ; the postmedial fascia is preceded, between veins R, and Cu,

by some irregular blotches of black scaling beyond the end of the cell; a

terminal series of interneural black dots joined by a fine crenulate blackish

brown line. Fringe warm buff suffused with russet. Hindwing with a hght

buff ground entirely suffused with fuscous, fringe warm buff.

Underside: forewing buff brown, with some drab to greyish olive in the

disc ; hindwing much as on upperside, the fuscous suffusion not so pronounced,

especially towards inner margin; on the discocellulars a distinct light buff

spot accentuated on both sides by fuscous ; a faintly indicated postmedial line.

iixpanse: 46 mm.

Holotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 6.vii.1924.

Cymodegma, gen. nov.

Proboscis fully developed ; palpus obliquely upturned, the second segment

broadly scaled in front and reaching level of vertex, the third segment smoothly

scaled and half as long as second ; frons simple; eye large, round, prominent ;

antenna (2 only known) with fine short bristles; thorax clothed with scales

and without noticeable crests; legs simple; abdomen without crests. Fore-

wing with the costa strongly bowed at base and moderately at apex, the termen

with a slight projection at apex and similar projections at veins M,, M3 and Cu, ;

vein R; from Ry, anastomosing with R, to form a small areole ; veins M,, Mp,

M; and Cu, from the cell, vein Cu, from well before the angle of the cell. Hind-

wing with the termen evenly rounded ; veins Rs and M, connate, M, from just

above the lower angle, M; and Cu, connate, Cu, well before the angle of the cell.

Genotype : Cymodegma buxtoni Tams, sp. nov.

47. Cymodegma buxtoni, sp. nov. (Plate VI, fig. 17; Plate VII, fig. 6).

2. Palpus and head (including antennal shaft dorsally) Brussels brown,

slightly irrorated with ochraceous buff. Thorax chestnut brown irrorated in

HETEROCERA. 213

front with cinereous. Abdomen light to warm buff, streaked with ochraceous

buff and irrorated with fuscous, with Brussels brown hair-scales at the base.

Pectus and underside of abdomen light to ochraceous buff, the legs ochraceous

buff strongly shaded dorsally with Brussels brown. Forewing chestnut brown ;

a velvety blackish brown spot sub-basally on costa, with a smaller one just

below the lower margin of the cell; a velvety blackish brown antemedial

fascia, beginning as a somewhat lunular (concavity basad) mark on the costa,

followed by a larger, more or less triangular spot edged basad by a fine cinereous

line which curves sharply to run terminad along the edge of the spot above vein

A», gradually curving downwards to inner margin; this antemedial fascia has

an outer edging of auburn; an indistinct lighter spot at end of cell having a

centre of the ground-colour, and enclosing some cinereous scales on the dis-

cocellulars ; a narrow trilineate postmedial fascia, running very obliquely from

costa terminad to about vein R;, then turning and running in a direction at

right angles to inner margin to just below vein Cus, then returning in a curve

to lower angle of cell, curving round and reaching the inner margin at about

three-quarters ; a slightly waved subterminal fascia from costa to vein M,

(thence obsolescent), consisting of a velvety blackish brown shade finely edged

with cinereous, and preceded by three fine cinereous dashes on the costa; a

triangular area between end of cell and subterminal fascia with its apex reaching

below vein Cuz, lighter than the ground colour, approaching auburn, in which

colour the obsolescent part of the subterminal fascia is faintly indicated ; traces

of cinereous irroration on the veins, and a fine terminal cinereous edging ; fringe

chestnut brown. Hindwing warm buff to light ochraceous buff, suffused with

fuscous, with a crenulate fuscous postmedial fascia, a similar subterminal fascia

between which and the termen the whole area is infuscate ; fringe ochraceous

orange.

Underside : forewing warm buff to ochraceous buff costally and terminally,

with fuscous suffusion in the cell, a fuscous medial shade through end of cell,

a double fascia of fuscous suffusion subterminally, and the fringe edged with

fuscous ; hindwing warm buff to ochraceous buff irrorated with fuscous, with a

fuscous dot at middle of discocellars, a fuscous postmedial fascia, and a pro-

nounced increase in the fuscous irroration from subterminal area right up to

termen.

Exxpanse: 58 mm.

Holotype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 13.vii.1924.

914 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

48. Cocytodes coerula Guenée.

Cocytodes coerula Guenée, Spec. Gén., Noct., i, p. 41, pl. 18, fig. 10, 1852.

Arcte “ caerulea’’ Guenée, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl. l[xxxv,

p. 426, 1910.

Cocytodes ‘‘ caerulea’ Guenée, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wass. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 128, 1915.

Samoa. 1 ¢, 1920 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 2 gg, 3 99, 20.1, 4.111923, 24.v.1924 (Armstrong); 1 9,

28.v.1924; Malololelei, 3 gg, 1 9, 23.11, 22.11, 18.v1.1924.

Savaii: 1 4, vil.1905 (Rechinger); Safune, 1 9, 3.v.1924 (Bryan) ;

Fagamalo, 1 3, v.1925.

49. Lagoptera miniacea Felder.

Lagoptera miniacea Felder, Reise Novara, Lep., pl. 116, fig. 8, 1874.

Ophiusa miniacea Felder and Rogenhofer, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw.

Kl., Ixxxv, p. 427, 1910.

Lagoptera miniacea Felder, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 128, 1915.

Samoa. 2 specimens (Reincke).

Upolu: Apia, 2 §g, 28.v.1924, 18.vi.1925; Malololelei, 2 gg, 23.iv.1922,

ii.1923 (Armstrong); 1 9, 24.11.1924; Malifa, 1 specimen, 29.vii.1905

(Rechinger).

Tutuila: Leone Rd., 1 9, 22.111.1926 (Judd).

50. Anua coronata Fabricius.

Noctua coronata Fabricius, Syst. Ent., p. 596, 1775.

Ophiusa “coronota’’ Fabricius, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. KL,

Ixxxv, p. 427, 1910.

Anua coronata Fabricius, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 128, 1915.

Samoa. 2 specimens recorded by Rebel in 1910.

Upolu: Apia, 1 3, vi.1896 (de la Garde) ; 1 9, 3.11.1922 (Armstrong) ; 1 9,

v.1925 ; Malifa, 1 specimen, 10.viii.1905 (Rechinger) ; Vailima, 1 9, 14.ix.1922

(Armstrong) ; 1 9, 22.x1i1.1924 ; Lalomanu, 1 9, x.1924.

Savaii: 1 specimen, 19.viii.1905 (Rechinger); Fagamalo, 1 4, v.1925;

Tuasivi, 1 9, 20.x1.1922 (Armstrong).

Tutuila: Amauli, 1 3, 5.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); Pago Pago, 1 9,

1.1924 (Steffany).

Manua: Ofu, 1 g, 27.11.1926 (Judd) ; Tau, 1 ¢, 21.11.1926 (Judd).

HETEROCERA. 215

51. Anua samoensis, Sp. 0.

3. Palpus inwardly light buff, outwardly fuscous irrorated with pearly

grey. Antenna dorsally light buff, ventrally hazel. Head with frons Sanford’s

brown, vertex and occiput light to warm buff. Thorax warm buff, tinged with

ochraceous buff. Abdomen, dorsally and ventrally, orange buff to deep chrome.

Pectus ochraceous orange tinged with Sanford’s brown, the vestiture behind the

eyes of the latter colour. Foreleg with femur warm buff to ochraceous orange,

tibia and tarsus fuscous irrorated with pearl grey, the former with a broad

fringe outwardly ; mid leg similarly coloured, with a prominent fuscous black

tuft of hair-scales at the femoro-tibial joint ; hind leg warm buff to avellaneous,

femur and tibia with long ochraceous orange hair-scales. Forewing cream buft

inclining to chamois, with very sparsely and irregularly distributed fuscous

irroration in proximal three-quarters ; costa edged with ochraceous orange ;

a very small sub-basal fuscous dot ; antemedial fascia barely indicated by fuscous

irroration ; orbicular a small fuscous dot surrounded by vinaceous cinnamon ;

reniform well marked, fuscous mixed with vinaceous cinnamon, and resembling

(left wing) a figure 3; postmedial fascia barely indicated by two rows of ill-

defined interneural dots of fuscous irroration, and reaching neither costa nor

inner margin; area from subterminal fascia to termen vinaceous cinnamon,

irrorated with pearl grey, the subterminal fascia accentuated by cinnamon

and fuscous, with some warm sepia to fuscous black between R, and R;, and Rs

and M,, and a prominent distal edging of pearl grey ; fringe ochraceous tawny.

Hindwing orange buff to deep chrome. Underside (both wings) orange buff,

forewing with faint traces of fuscous shading subterminally between veins M,

and Cups.

Expanse : 70 mm.

Holotype J. Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 5.vii.1924.

Later investigations (November, 1934) seem to indicate that this is only

an aberration of Anua tongaensis Hampson, of which these are so far the

only recorded males.

52. Anua tongaensis Hampson.

Anua tongaensis Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal. B. M., xii, p. 434, pl. 214, fig. 11, 1918.

Tutuila: 1 g, iv.1918 (Kellers); Pago Pago, 3 gg, 14, 23.1x.1923 (Steffany).

216 INSECTS OF SAMOA. —

53. Achaea serva Fabricius.

Noctua serva Fabricius, Syst. Ent., p. 593, 1775.

Ophiusa serva Fabricius, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., lxxxv,

p. 426, 1910.

Achaea serva Fabricius, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 128, 1915.

Samoa. 3 specimens (Reincke).

Upolu: Apia, 1 g, 1 9, 2.ii., 11-xii.1922 (Armstrong); 1 g, 11.iv.1924,

4 09, 7, 14.111, 10.vi., 12.vi1.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 9, x.1923, 1g, 2 99, 1.1924 (Steffany) ; Leone Rd.,

1 gy 22.11.1926 (Judd).

Manua: Ofu, 1 Q, 27.11.1926 (Judd).

54. Achaea janata Linnaeus.

Phalaena (Geometra) janaia Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, p. 527, 1758.

Ophiusa “ melicerte’’ Drury, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., lxxxv,

p. 426, 1920, recte melicerta.

Achaea janata Linnaeus, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, pp. 128, 149, 1915.

Samoa. 4 large specimens caught by Friederichs recorded by Rebel in

1915.

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, v.1896 (de la Garde) ; 1 large specimen (Friederichs) ;

Malifa, 6 specimens, 23.vi., 6.v11.1905 (Rechinger).

Savail : 1 specimen, vil.1905 (Rechinger).

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 9, x.1923 (Steffany).

55. Achaea fulminans Rebel.

Achaea fulminans Rebel, 2 Beiheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 128, pl. 1, fig. 5, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 1 3, 1 9 (Friederichs) ; 1 g, 4.11.1923 (Armstrong) ; Malolo-

lelei, 1 9, vii.1925 (Wilder); 4 g¢, 11 Q9, 22, 24.i1., iv., 5, 6, 7.vil., 18.vii.1924,

21.iv.1925 ; Aleipata, 1 ¢, iv-v.1924; Lalomanu, 2 go, 1 9, x.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 2 jg, 1., 11.1924 (Steffany).

HETEROCERA. 217

56. Parallelia prisca Walker.

Ophisma prisca Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xiv, p. 1385, 1858.

Ophisma anetica Felder and Rogenhofer, Reise Novara, Zool., u, Lep. Het., p. 14, pl. 116, f. 11,

1873.

Parallelia prisca Walker, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 129, 1915.

Parallelia prisca ab. vavauensis Strand, Arch. f. Naturgesch., xxix, A, Heft 8, p. 76, 1914.

Ophiusa libata Fabricius, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wren, Math.-Naturw. Kl., \xxxv.,

p. 426, 1910 (non Fabricius).

Parallelia illibata Fabricius, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 129, 1915

(non Fabricius).

As I was not satisfied that P. illibata occurred in Samoa, and at the same

time felt sure that the species concerned was really P. prisca, I wrote to Dr.

Rebel for the specimen recorded by him as having been taken at Malifa by

Rechinger. He very kindly sent this specimen, and I am now able to give the

above synonymy.

Navigators’ Islands (presented to the British Museum by the Duke of

Northumberland in 1838). ‘This specimen is Walker’s type of P. prisca.

Upolu: Apia, 1 9 (Friederichs) ; 2 99, 18.v.1922, 20.iii.1923 (Armstrong) ;

1g, 22.11.1924 ; Malololelei, 1 9, 18.vii.1924 ; Malifa, 1 J, 10.viii.1905 (Rechinger).

57. Parallelia vitiensis Butler.

Ophiusa vitiensis Butler, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 414.

Parallelia vitiensis Butler, Rebel, 2 Beiheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 149, 1915.

Samoa. 1 Q (Friederichs).

Upolu: Apia, 1 Q, 24.vill.1925.

58. Chalciope.cephise Cramer.

Phalaena Noctua ? cephise Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen, i (19), p. 59 and index, pl. 227, fig. C, 1779.

Chalciope cephise Cramer, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 129, 1915.

Chalciope cephise Cramer, Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal. B. M., xiii, p. 30, fig. 6, 1913.

Upolu: Apia, 1 g, 1.xi.1922 (Armstrong) ; 1 9, 10.v.1924.

Tutuila: 1g, 1 9 (Nicoll); Pago Pago, 1 3, x.1923, 2 gg, 1 9, 1., 11.1924

(Steffany).

Ill (4) 4

218 INSECTS OF SAMOA. |

59. Euclidisema alcyona Druce.

Grammodes alcyona Druce, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1888, p. 225, pl. 13, fig. 5.

Grammodes alcyona Druce, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., lxxxv,

p. 427, 1910.

Euclidisema alcyona Druce, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 130, 1915.

Samoa. One old specimen in the Hamburg Natural History Museum

recorded by Rebel; 2 99, iii1.—vili.1921 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, 1.v.1922 (Armstrong); Malifa, 3 specimens, 10.vi.,

29.vil., 6.vill.1905 (Rechinger).

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 5 99, 14.1x., x.1923, 1., 11.1924 (Steffany).

60. Mocis frugalis Fabricius.

Noctua frugalis Fabricius, Syst. Ent., p. 601, 1775.

Remigia frugalis Fabricius, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., lxxxv,

p. 427, 1910.

Mocis frugalis Fabricius, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 130, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 1 g, 18.v.1922 (Armstrong) ; Malololelei, 3 gg, 2 99, vi..,

11.vii.1925 (Wilder); 3 gd, 6 99, 14, 24.i1., 30.iv., 1, 18, 21, 28.vi., 13.vii.,

1x.1924; Leulumoega, 1 3, 14.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ; Malifa, 1 3, 18.vi.

1905 (Rechinger)

Savail: Safune, 2 gg, 1 9, 1, 4.v.1924 (Bryan) ; Tuasivi, 1 ¢, 8.11.1924.

Tutuila: Pago-Pago, 4 gg, x.1923, i., 11.1924 (Steffany) ; 1 9, 10.1x.1923

(Swezey and Wilder) ; Amauli, 1 9, 6.ix.1923 (Swezey).

Manua: Tau, 1 9, 20.11.1926 (Judd).

61. Mocis trifasciata Stephens.

Catephia trifasciata Stephens, Ill. Brit. Ent., Haust., 11, p. 128, 1830.

Remagia demonstrans Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xiv, p. 1512, 1858.

Remigia archesia Cramer, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., Ixxxv,

p. 427, 1910 (non Stoll in Cramer).

Mocis trifasciata Stephens, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 130, 1915.

Navigators’ Islands (presented to the British Museum by the Duke of

Northumberland in 1838): 2 33, including the type of Renigia demonstrans

Walker.

Samoa. 1 4 in Hamburg Museum labelled ‘‘ Samoa, Dr. Reincke leg.”’

HETEROCERA. 219

Upolu: Apia, 2g, 3 99, 18.v., 26.v1., 31.x1.1922, 19.11.1923 (Armstrong) ;

14.1x.1924 ; Lalomanu, 2 gg, 3 99, ix., 14.x1.1924 ; Aleipata, 2 3, 6.iv., iv.-v.

1924; Malifa, Motootua and Mulinuu, 6 specimens (g3, 29), 24.v.-23.vill.1905

(Rechinger).

Sava: Safune, 1 g, 1 9, 1, 4.v.1924 (Bryan) ; Tuasivi, 1 9, xi.1925.

Tutuila: 1 9 (Nicoll); 1 9, iv.1918 (Kellers) ; Pago Pago, 8 gg, 7 29, 6.1x.

(Swezey and Wilder), x.1923, 1., ii (Steffany), 12.iv.1924 (Bryan); 4.xi.1925.

Manua: Ofu: 3 99, 27.11.1926 (Judd) ; Tau, 2 99, 20.11.1926 (Judd).

PLUSIINAE

62. Plusia chalcites Esper.

Noctua chalcites Esper, Die Schmett., iv, p. 447, pl. 141, fig. 3, 1789.

Plusia “ chalcytes’’ Esper, Rebel, 2 Beiheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 130, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 3 gg, 4 99, 13.x1.1921, 24.vil., 13.ix. (Armstrong), 9.ii.,

I1.v., 1.1x.1924, ix.1925; Malololelei, 1 J, 20.v.1922 (Armstrong).

Savaii: Safune, 1 9, 1.v.1924 (Bryan).

Tutuila : Pago Pago, 1 J, 3 29, 14.ix., x.1923, 1.1924. (Steffany).

One label bears a statement : “‘ Cucumber pest.”

OPHIDERINAE.

63. Felinia filipalpis Walker.

Ansa filipalpis Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xv, p. 1731, 1858.

Erygansa kebea Bethune-Baker, Nov. Zool., xiii, p. 246, 1906.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 gf, x.1923 (Steffany).

64. Catephia acronyctoides Guenée.

Catephia acronyctoides Guenée, Spec. Gén., Noct., ui, p. 47, 1852.

Catephia acronyctoides Guenée, Rebel in Galvagni, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, Ixii, p. (121), 1912.

Catephia acronyctoides Guenée, Rebel, 2 Beiheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 1380, 1915.

Upolu: 1 4, xii.1910 (Prowazek), recorded by Galvagni.

This species is not represented in the collections before me.

220) INSECTS OF SAMOA. >

65. Catephia sericea Butler.

Anophia sericea Butler, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), x, p. 230, 1882.

Upolu: Apia, 5 99, 18, 20.v.1922 (Armstrong), ix., 17.xi.1924, vii.1925.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 4 gg, 5 99, 14.1x.1923, x.1923, 1.1924 (Steffany) ;

Leone Rd., 2 99, 22.11.1926 (Judd).

Manua: Ofu, 1 9, 21.11.1926 (Judd).

66. Nagia homotima, sp. n. (Plate VIII, fig. 3).

®. Palpus fuscous, sparsely irrorated with white ; antenna fuscous ; head

fuscous, irrorated with white ; thorax fuscous, glossy, changing with changing

light through varying shades of blue and violet, the tegula with some auburn

scales at centre; abdomen fuscous, the crests similar to thorax in having the

cupreous gloss; pectus hair brown streaked with white; legs fuscous, hair

brown and white mixed; venter hair brown to fuscous mixed with white.

Forewing argus brown to auburn; sub-basal fascia velvety clove brown to

fuscous black from costa to middle of wing, remainder hidden by a patch of

fuscous scales with cupreous gloss ; an irregular velvety clove brown to fuscous

black antemedial fascia, inwardly oblique from costa to lower margin of cell,

sharply out-curved from cell to vein Ag, slightly bowed between costa and inner

margin (in both cases concavity basad) ; orbicular a clove brown dot; a clove

brown to fuscous black crenate medial fascia, slightly bowed (concavity basad) ;

reniform outlined with argus brown, with a few clove brown scales intermixed ;

postmedial fascia velvety clove brown to fuscous black, sinuous and sharply

oblique tornad from costa to vein Ms, dentate at M; and Cu,, looping back to

lower angle of cell (loop in this example closed, but possibly not always so),

then a sharp narrow indentation basad along Cuz, thence oblique inwards to

vein Ay, then sharply oblique outwards to near inner margin, angling to oblique

inwards to inner margin; an irregularly sinuate-undulate subterminal fascia,

light ochraceous buff at costa becoming gradually darker and approaching the

sround-colour towards inner margin, succeeded by a diffuse clove brown spot,

between veins R; and Mj, and a similarly coloured dash to termen between

veins M, and M;; some white irroration near apex; a series of clove brown

terminal lunules; fringe fuscous black; area between antemedial and post-

medial fasciae suffused with tea green, this colour extending out in a trilobate

HETEROCERA. 221

patch in the region of veins My and Cu, to the subterminal fascia ; some light

ochraceous bufi on the costa before and after the fasciae ; a patch of fuscous

black below vein Cu, between postmedial and subterminal fasciae. Hindwing

fuscous black, with a white fascia before the middle narrowing to a point just

below the cubital veins, with a trace of white between that point and the inner

margin; apex white; two small white spots towards termen on veins Cu,

and Cu, that on the latter larger; inner margin hair brown. Underside of

forewing proximally hair brown, a white medial fascia, distally fuscous black,

with white irroration before termen, the veins distally white except just before

termen, where the white is cut by the crenate terminal line ; underside of hind-

wing similar, but with some fuscous black at end of cell before broader white

medial fascia ; hardly any white irroration, apex white.

Expanse: 57 mm.

Holotype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 22.11.1925.

Paratype . Upolu: Apia, 18.ix.1922 (Armstrong).

The paratype 2 is worn, and was in my opinion unsuitable for a type

specimen, though it lacks the large patch of tea green on the forewing, a feature

which I think must be abnormal. These two females bear some resemblance

in pattern to NV. hieratica Hampson, the type of which is a Marshall Is. 3, and of

which there is a Gilbert Is. 9 in the British Museum collection. No Marshall Is. 9°

is known, but it is possible that when more material comes to hand the species

described above may prove to be N. hieratica.

67. Ericeia inangulata Guenée.

Hulodes inangulata Guenée, Spec. Gén., Noct., iii, p. 210, 1852.

Polydesma inangulata Guenée, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., |xxxv,

p. 426, 1910.

Polydesma inangulata Guenée, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 145, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 1 g, 29.11.1922 (Armstrong); 2 gg, 2 99, 17, 28.1.1924,

18.i1., v.1925 ; Malololelei, 1 g, 1 9, 18.vii.1924; Malifa and Motootua: 17

specimens, v.—vi.1905 (Rechinger).

Tutuila : Pago Pago, 2 jg, 1 9, 1.1924 (Steffany).

222 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

68. Ericeia leichardtii Koch.

Villosa leichardtii Koch, Indo-Austral. Lepidopteren-Fauna, p. 108, pl. 1, 1865.

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, 31.iv.1924; Malololelei, 1 9, 11.1923 (Armstrong) ;

4 09, 25.iv., 6.vil., 18.vil1.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 9, 1.1924 (Steffany).

69. Serrodes partita Fabricius.

Noctua partita Fabricius, Syst. Ent., p. 604, 1775.

Phalaena Noctua inara Cramer, Urtl. Kapellen, i (20), p. 78 and index, pl. 239, fig. E, 1779.

Serrodes inara Cramer, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., Ixxxv, p. 427,

1910.

Samoa. One specimen in the Hamburg Museum collected by Dr. Reincke.

Upolu: Malifa, 1 9, 9.vi1.1905 (Rechinger).

This species is not represented in the collections available for study. The

above two records are taken from Dr. Rebel’s paper.

70. Serrodes campana callipepla Prout.

Serrodes callipepla Prout, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (10), ii, p. 598, 1929.

Upolu: Apia, 1 g, 1x.1924; Malololelei, 1 g, 18.vili.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 J, 8.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ; 1 9, 21.1x.1923

(Steffany).

Manua: Ofu, 1 9, 27.11.1926 (Judd).

Serrodes campana Guenée (Spec. Gén., Noct., ii, p. 252, pl. 22, fig. 6, 1852),

needs much more thorough investigation than has been possible during the work-

ing out of this collection. Miss Prout described Serrodes callipepla on the basis

of two Fijian specimens, but I feel reasonably certain that it is the geographical

representative of S. campana in Fiji and Samoa, and prefer to record it in that

way.

71. Hypocala guttiventris Walker.

Hypocala guttiventris Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xiii., p. 1176, 1857.

Hypocala guttiventris Walker, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 130, 1915.

Rebel records a g labelled “‘ Samoa,” collected by Herrn Julius Henniger.

The collections before me contain no representatives of this Australian species.

HETEROCERA. 223

72. Hypocala australiae Butler.

Hypocala australiae Butler, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), x, p. 21, 1892.

Tutuila: Leone Rd., 1 9, 22.11.1926 (Judd).

Manua: Ofu, 2 gg, 2 99, 27.11.1926 (Judd); Tau, 2 99, 20, 23.11.1926

(Judd).

I have been unable to spend the amount of time required to make a com-

parative study of the species in the genus Hypocala, but I have failed to find

any constant characters on which to separate the Samoan specimens from the

Australian. The upper and under sides of the hindwing of a Samoan and an

Australian specimen of Hypocala australiae are figured for comparison. Slight

differences do exist, but further study is needed on a larger series of each species

before consistent differences can be substantiated. The genus is worthy of a

detailed investigation from a zoogeographical point of view.

73. Rivula polynesiana Hampson ? (Plate XVIII, fig. 10).

Rivula polynesiana Hampson, Descr. New Gen. Spec. Noctuinae B. M., p. 256, 1926.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 9, v. 1896 (de la Garde).

This specimen was associated with the type of R. polynesiana by Hampson,

but in spite of the fact that it is crippled, I believe it represents a hitherto

undescribed species.

74. Rivula dipterygosoma, sp. nov. (Plate VI, fig. 13; Plate VII, fig. 7;

Plate XII, fig. 2).

¢. Palpus, antenna, head, thorax, pectus, abdomen and legs light buff,

faintly tinged with warm sepia, the abdomen with some fuscous irroration and

with two minute downwardly directed tufts of black scales at about two thirds.

Forewing light buff, faintly tinged with warm sepia, except for a strip below costa ;

costa edged, but not continuously, with warm sepia ; two sharply oblique warm

sepia to blackish brown antemedial dots below the cell; a small dot or streak

at upper angle of cell, and a larger, rounded, conspicuous spot at lower angle ;

a sharply oblique, curved (convexity tornad) row of warm sepia to blackish brown

interneural dots from below apex to inner margin at two-thirds; a terminal

224 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

series of blackish brown, interneural dots; fringe faintly tinged with warm

sepia. Hindwing cartridge buff, fringe faintly tinged with warm sepia.

Underside light buff, forewing shaded in proximal half with fuscous, hindwing

with sparse fuscous irroration, denser at discocellulars, obsolescent towards

inner margin. Expanse 20 mm.

Holotype g. Upolu: Malololelei, 21.vi.1924.

75. Othreis fullonia Clerck.

[Phalaena] fullonia Clerck, Icones, ii, pl. 48, 1764.

Ophideres fullonica Linnaeus, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., lxxxv,

. 42 :

en ee Linnaeus, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 145, 1915.

Samoa. 1 J, 1 9, labelled “ Samoa, Dr. Reincke leg,” recorded by Rebel in

1910.

2 29, labelled “* Navigators’ Islands,” in British Museum collection.

Upolu: Apia, 4 gg, 6 OY, 1.11.1922, 27.11.1923 (Armstrong); larva ex

Erythrina, 12.ix.1923, moth emerged 30.ix.1923 (Swezey); 3l.vii., 19, 21,

26.Vill., Vill., 20.1x., 1x.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 9, x.1923 (Steffany); Amauli, 2 3g, ex Erythrina,

5.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).

It is perhaps unfortunate that Clerck spelt the trivial name “ fullonia,’

but as his reference is earlier I adhere to his spelling. He has provided a name,

and I regard that as sufficient.

Professor Buxton sends me the following note :—‘‘ Larvae on leaves of

Erythrina. A Ceratopogonine midge (forcipomyia hirtipes de Meijere) was

found sucking blood from them. See Edwards, Insects of Samoa, vi, p. 48.

The habit is well known in this species.”

76. Eumaenas salaminia Cramer.

Phalaena Noctua salaminia Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen., ii (15), p. 117 and index, pl. 174, fig. A, 1779.

Ophideres salaminia Fabricius, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., Ixxxv,

p. 428, 1910.

Ophideres salaminia Fabricius, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 145, 1915.

Samoa. One specimen in the Hamburg Museum labelled ‘‘ Samoa, Dr.

Reincke leg.’’, recorded by Rebel.

Upolu: Apia, 1 J, ix.1924: Malololelei, 1 3, vii.1925 (Wilder).

HETEROCERA. 225

77. Cosmophila flava flava Fabricius.

Noctua flava Fabricius, Syst. Ent., p. 601, 1775.

Cosmophila flava flava Fabricius, Tams, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1924, p. 21, pl. 1, fig. 1, pl. 2, fig. 3,

pl. 3, fig. 6.

Samoa. 1 9, ui.—viii.1921 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, 18.1x.1925.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 J, 1 9, 1., 11.1924 (Steffany).

78. Cosmophila auragoides lyona Swinhoe.

Cosmophila auragoides Guenée, Spec. Gén., Noct., ii, p. 397, 1852.

Cosmophila auragoides Guenée, Tams, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1924, p. 21, pl. 1, fig. 5, pl. 2, fig. 2,

pl. 3, fig. 5.

Cosmophila lyona Swinhoe, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (9), iii, p. 311, pl. 10, fig. 5, 1919.

Cosmophila lyona Swinhoe, Tams. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1924, p. 22, pl. 1, fig. 4, pl. 2, fig. 1,

pl. 3, fig. 4.

Cosmophila erosa Hiibner, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 150, 1915,

non Hiibner.

Samoa, 1 Q (Friederichs), recorded wrongly as C. erosa by Rebel in 1915.

Upolu: Malololelei, 1 9, 22.vi.1924 (Armstrong).

There have been several attempts (Butler, Hampson, Swinhoe, Tams) to

clear up the identity of the various moths which for convenience I group in the

genus Cosmophila. The whole classification of this genus and its associates

(Anomis, etc.) requires revision.

With regard to the subspecific relationships, I do not feel justified in intro-

ducing C. erosa Hibner into the awragoides—tlyona association, though I propose

to go a step further than I did in 1924, and associate together C. auragoides

auragoides (Tropical Africa and Madagascar) and C. auragoides lyona (Indo-

Australian region). The figures in my 1924 paper show the rather wide diver-

gence of C. erosa Hiibner from the others.

79. Rusicada nigritarsis xanthochroa Butler (Plate IX, fig. 2, cf. fig. 1).

Rusicada nigritarsis Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xiii, p. 1006, 1857.

Gonitis xanthochroa Butler, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 409.

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, 15.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); 4 99, 7.v.1924,

30.iv., vi., 24.vilil.1925 ; Malololelei, 1 9, 5.vi.1924; Aleipata, 1 9, 10.iv.1924.

226 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

80. Rusicada vulpina Butler.

Gonitis vulpina Butler, Trans. Hnt. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 408.

Gonitis fulvida Guenée, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., xxxv, p. 425,

1910 (non Guenée.)

Gonitis vulpina Butler, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 130, 1915 (without

certainty, W. H. T. T.).

These records may refer to R. nigritarsis xanthochroa Butler, but as the type

of R. vulpina is a Fijian specimen, from what I know of these moths I think it

possible that Rebel may have had before him an example of R. vulpina, and I

therefore include the record here.

81. Tiridata samoana Butler (Plate VIII, figs. 4, 5).

Gomitis samoana Butler, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 407.

Samoa. 1 4 (Butler’s type).

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 3, 1.1924 (Steffany), 1 9, 12.vili.1925.

This species is apparently quite distinct from 7’. vitvensis Butler, but the

material from Samoa is too scanty to make a proper investigation possible.

82. Hypospila similis, sp. n. (Plate VI, fig. 18).

¢. Palpus sepia, the third segment streaked with white and tipped with

light buff. Antenna, head, thorax and abdomen dorsally sepia. Pectus sepia

mixed with warm buff and white giving it a warm greyish speckled appearance.

Legs sepia, the femora irrorated with white and fringed with mixed sepia and

white hairs, the tibiae with very little white irroration, the tarsal segments warm

buff at each end and ventrally. Underside of abdomen light to warm buff

irrorated with sepia. Forewing sepia, with a raisin-black suffusion over the disc

in oblique light, the markings in rich velvety sepia contrasted with vinaceous

brown ; an oblique, bowed, crenate (concavities basad) antemedial fascia; a

spot in middle of cell ; a medial shade, bowed across end of cell (concavity basad),

broadening towards anal vein (A,), between which and inner margin it forms a

heavy velvety sepia spot almost filling the space between the antemedial and

postmedial fascia; some white scales on discocellulars; postmedial fascia

apparently merging with medial shade from costa to lower angle of cell, whence

it is crenate (concavities terminad) ; an almost straight, very slightly waved

oblique subterminal fascia ; some vinaceous brown contrast on costa after the

postmedial and before the subterminal, with much more on the inner margin

HETEROCERA. 227

throwing up strongly the velvety sepia markings. Hindwing much shorter than

forewing, rounded, the markings similar, though more cramped, the subterminal

almost straight and crossing wing halfway between cell-end and termen.

Underside: forewing with a ground-colour of light buff, almost entirely

suffused with sepia with faint traces of upperside markings ; spot in middle of

cell, white scales on sepia spot on discocellulars ; hindwing with the markings

more contrasted ; a strong postmedial fascia, followed by a light strip of the

ground-colour, then a subterminal fascia divided from the general subterminal

sepia suffusion by a narrow strip of the ground-colour.

Expanse: 42 mm. (40 mm. from tip to tip, hindwings 27 mm. from tip to

tip).

Holotype g. Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 24.11.1924.

Paratypes. Savaii: Safune (lowlands to 1,000 feet), 1 ¢, 1.v.1924 (Bryan).

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 ¢, 1.1924 (Steffany).

83. Anticarsia irrorata Fabricius.

Noctua irrorata Fabricius, Spec. Ins., u, Appendix, p. 506, 1781; Ent. Syst., i, 2, p. 21, 1794.

Ophiusa rubricans Boisduval, Faun. Ent. Madagq. (7), p. 106, pl. 16, fig. 1, 18383; N. Ann. Mus.

Hist. Nat. (Paris), ii [2], p. 254, 3rd. qtr. 1833.

Thermesia rubricans Boisduval, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., lxxxv,

p. 428, 1910.

Thermesia rubricans Boisduval, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 145, 1915.

Samoa. 1 g, 1 Q, labelled “ Navigators’ Islands,” in British Museum

collection. y

Upolu: Apia, 1 3, 1 9, 23.11.1924, 18.v.1922 (Armstrong) ; 1 Q, 31.v.1924 ;

Vaimea, 1 dg, 7.vi.1905 (Rechinger); Vailima, 1 9, 1.111925; Fagalu, 1 J,

19.v11.1924.

Nuutele: 1 9, 8.1v.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 3 gg, 11 99, x.1923, 1, 11.1924 (Steffany); 1 9,

12.1v.1924 (Bryan); 1 9, 14.x11.1925.

84. Lacera alopeStoll.

Phal [aena] alope Stoll in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen, iii (24), p. 168 and index, pl. 286, figs. H, F,

1780.

Upolu: Vailima, 1 9, 19.ix.1922 (Armstrong).

228 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

85. Leptotroga armstrongi, sp. n. (Plate VIII, figs. 8, 9).

dg. Palpus liver brown, with a small admixture of mahogany red and sepia,

and a few light buff scales. Antennal shaft with warm buff scaling, tinged at

base with chestnut. Head liver brown in front, to warm buff behind. Thorax

warm buff mixed with liver brown in front. Tergum sepia, tinged with liver

brown at base. Pectus warm buff, mahogany red in front. Venter warm buff,

irrorated with mahogany red. Legs warm buff, foreleg shaded with liver brown

and sepia, mid and hind legs with mahogany red and sepia, the tarsal segments

sepia tipped distally with warm buff. Forewing liver brown mottled with

mahogany red to orange rufous ; a light buff dot in middle of cell, representing

an orbicular stigma ; reniform stigma with upper third outlined with cartridge

buff, rest outlined with orange rufous ; a liver brown medial shade from reniform

to middle of inner margin; a liver brown spot just above anal vein and just

before postmedial fascia; postmedial fascia liver brown, bowed (concavity

basad), with light buff dash on costa and dots on veins ; an obscure sepia sub-

terminal fascia, sometimes accentuated with light buff or ochraceous orange,

bowed between costa and vein Ms, and again between vein Mg and inner margin

(concavities terminad) ; fringe liver brown mixed with mahogany red. Hind-

wing similarly coloured, but with a fuscous black dot at end of cell, a postmedial

series of fuscous black dots edged distally with light buff, and a subterminal

fascia parallel with termen. Underside light to warm buff irrorated with sepia

and suffused with ochre-red ; both wings with a sepia spot at end of cell, and

narrow sepia postmedial and subterminal fasciae, and with a pre-terminal series

of interneural sepia dots. Expanse 40 mm.

Q. Similar. Hxpanse 42 mm. The allotype 2 has a broad fascia of light

buff, irrorated with liver brown, 3 mm. wide at wing-base running along costa

and gradually tapering towards apex, which it does not quite reach ; the ground-

colour is more uniformly mahogany red.

Holotype 3. Upolu: Malololelei, 24.11.1924.

Allotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 14.vi.1924.

Paratype gj. Samoa. 1920 (O’Connor).

Paratype 2. Upolu: Siumu, 24.xi.1923 (Armstrong).

HETEROCERA. 229

86. Oxyodes ochreata samoana, subsp. nov.

(Plate IX, figs. 4,6; Cf. figs. 3, 5, 7-9).

g. &. Differs from O. ochreata ochreata in having the fuscous or warm

sepia to fuscous black markings more sharply picked out from a deep chrome

ground, whereas in O. ochreata ochreata the dark markings are more diffuse, on a

duller ground of orange buff. There are noticeable differences in both ¢ and @

genitalia, the uncus in the ¢ of O. 0. samoana lacking the “ swan’s head ”’

appearance seen in the uncus of the typical subspecies.

Holotype g. Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1.1924 (Steffany).

Allotype 2. Savai: Safune, 4.v.1924 (Bryan).

Paratype ¢. Tutuila: Pago Pago, 23.1x.1923 (Steffany).

I have come to the conclusion that the moth described by Lord Rothschild

(Oxyodes scrobiculata ochreata Rothschild, B. O. U. and Woll. Exped. Snow Mts.

S. Dutch New Guinea, Lep., p. 61, 1915) is a distinct species, of which the material

here under study represents the Samoan geographical race. For the purposes

of properly placing these Samoan specimens I have made an extended study of

the three species of Oxyodes, but we still need more material in order to be

sure of the distribution of the various races. There are few more interesting

genera than Oxyodes from the point of view of the geographical distribution of

its species. Plate IX, fig. 8, shows the eighth ventrite of the female of the

Fijian subspecies, which I propose to call Oxyodes ochreata tanymekes subsp. n.,

characterised by the elongate eighth ventrite.

HYPENINAE.

87. Catada charalis Swinhoe (Plate XII, fig. 9).

Catada charalis Swinhoe, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), vi, p. 311, 1900.

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, 29.11.1922 (Armstrong); Malololelei, 18 gg, 7 99,

14-18.vi.1924.

Machaeropalpus, gen. nov.

Diameter of eye, 1 mm., palpus porrect, extending 4 mm. beyond anterior

eye-margin ; second segment about 4°5 mm. long, broadly expanded dorsally

with scales into a tripleural blade; the third segment obliquely upturned,

230 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

appearing to arise before the distal extremity of the second segment, and with a

dorsal (or posterior) expansion of scales on the distal half; frons simple, with a

pointed tuft of scales; antenna ( only) annulate, with fine, short bristles.

Forewing with veins Rs, Rs, Ry, R; stalked, the latter shortly, M, from near

upper angle of cell, M, from near lower angle, M; from lower angle, Cu, from

before lower angle, Cu, from cell at about three-quarters ; hindwing with veins

Rs and M, connate, M, from near lower angle of cell, slightly divergent from

M;, which is very shortly stalked with Cu,, vein Cu, from cell just beyond the

middle.

Genotype: Machaeropalpus fasciatus Tams, sp. nov.

88. Machaeropalpus fasciatus, sp. nov. (Plate VI, fig. 19; Plate VII, fig. 9).

®. Palpus cinnamon brown, second segment shaded with deep brownish

drab, the dorsal scales deep brownish drab, the third segment streaked in front

proximally, and tipped with warm buff, the dorsal (or posterior) scales deep

brownish drab. Head and thorax cinnamon brown, tegula shaded posteriorly

with deep brownish drab. Abdomen light to warm buff, shaded with mummy

brown. Pectus and legs cinnamon brown to mummy brown with traces of warm

buff. Underside of abdomen strongly suffused with mummy brown. Forewing

hazel suffused with bay; traces of an indistinct, fine velvety warm blackish

brown antemedial fascia, bowed, crenulate (concavities basad) ; some light buff

scales at end of cell ; a slightly curved, slightly oblique velvety bay medial shade,

sharply defined basad, diffuse terminad ; a fine warm blackish brown dentate

postmedial fascia, slightly bowed below costa and again at veins M, to Cu,

(concavity basad) ; an obscure subterminal fascia, commencing before a warm

blackish brown apical patch, below which it runs parallel with the postmedial

fascia to inner margin just before tornus, accentuated interneurally with light

buff scales, which take the form of two small sagittate marks (points basad)

outlined with warm blackish brown, between veins R; and M,; a terminal

series of interneural warm blackish brown lunules; fringe cimnamon brown.

Hindwing light to warm buff, the distal half suffused with mummy brown to

fuscous, commencing with a medial shade, succeeded by a fine, fuscous black,

shghtly dentate postmedial fascia, and a subterminal fascia, also weakly dentate,

but light buff edged on both sides with fuscous black; a terminal series of

fuscous black lunules interneurally ; fringe infuscate, with warm buff line at

HETEROCERA. 231

base. Underside: forewing pale to warm buff, strongly suffused with greyish

olive to fuscous with a tinge of bay ; a buff discocellular lunule edged on both

sides with fuscous black ; postmedial fascia indicated in fuscous black with a

spot opposite the end of the cell; apical patch and beginning of subterminal

fascia as on upper side; fringe infuscate ; hindwing similar, but with a pro-

nounced blackish brown triangular discocellular spot, succeeded by a smaller

spot in the postmedial fascia, and an accentuation in the subterminal fascia ;

the fasciae all fairly distinctly indicated ; fringe infuscate. Expanse 36 mm.

Holotype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 6.vii.1924.

Mormecia, gen. nov.

Proboscis fully developed; palpus upcurved, the second segment long,

curved and reaching level of vertex of head, the third segment half as long as

second, almost straight, acuminate, and directed obliquely backwards over the

head ; frons smoothly scaled, with hardly any tufting above; antenna of ¢

with stout scape, the shaft with proximal third incrassate, with a pronounced

kink before the distal two-thirds, and furnished with fine short bristles and cilia,

of 2 simply furnished with fine short bristles and cilia ; in § femora and tibiae

fringed with long hair-scales ; in 9 the mid and hind tibiae only with the proximal

third fringed above with short hair-scales ; abdomen without crests. Forewing

in ¢ with the costa almost straight from base to apex, but slightly bowed in the

proximal third; in Q less straight but without the proximal bow; veins Rg,

R3, Ry stalked, arising before upper angle of cell, Rs; from upper angle, M, from

near upper angle, M, and M; arising close together from lower angle of cell, Cu,

from before lower angle, Cu, from cell beyond two-thirds. Hindwing with vein

Rs arising just before upper angle of cell, at which M, arises, M, from close to

lower angle, M; and Cu, from lower angle, Cu, from cell at two-thirds.

Genotype: Mormecia lachnogyia Tams, sp. nov.

89. Mormecia lachnogyia, sp. nov. (Plate VI, fig. 20; Plate VII, fig. 8).

gd. Palpus brownish olive, with some light buff on inner side of second seg-

ment proximally ; antenna brownish olive; head brownish olive; thorax

brownish drab ; abdomen brownish olive; pectus warm buff; legs brownish

olive, heavily tufted, the foreleg with a large spreading tuft of warm buff scales

and hair-scales ; underside of abdomen brownish olive streaked with olive buff.

232 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Forewing deep brownish drab, sparsely irrorated with pale drab grey ; an obscure,

sinuous, fuscous antemedial fascia commencing at upper margin of cell; a similar

postmedial fascia, longer and more sinuous; a similar subterminal fascia,

hardly sinuous, and within it a row of pale drab grey spots on the veins. Hind-

wing light buff almost entirely suffused with fuscous, less so along costa. Under-

side of both wings light buff entirely suffused with fuscous, the hindwing less

densely so. HExpanse 44 mm.

Holotype 3. Samoa. 1920 (O’Connor).

Allotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, 24.11.1924.

90. Simplicia lautokiensis Prout (Plate XII, figs. 12, 13).

Simplicia lautokiensis Prout, Stylops, 11, p. 85, 1933.

Simplicia (Libisosa) robustalis Guenée, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt, xxxii, p. 150,

1915, non Guenée.

Samoa. Possibly 1 3, 1 Q (Friederichs), recorded by Rebel as S. robustalis

Guenée. Guenée’s type is a f with a wing length of 21 mm.

Upolu: Apia, 1 92, 30.iv.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 9, x.1923 (Steffany).

Manua: Ofu, 1 9, 27.11.1926 (Judd).

91. Nodaria acrosema Turner (Plate XII, fig. 5; Plate XVIII, fig. 12).

Nodaria acrosema Turner, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. W., xxvii, p. 125, 1902.

Nodaria acrosema Turner, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math-Naturw. Kl., \xxxv,

p. 428, 1910.

Nodaria acrosema Turner, Rebel, 2 Berheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 145, 1915.

Hampson determined for Rebel as this species a single specimen with the

following data.

Upolu: Malifa, 1 9, 7.vii.1905 (Rechinger).

92. Hydrillodes surata Meyrick (Plate X, figs. 1, 3, 5, 7).

Hydrillodes surata Meyrick, Trans. New Zealand Inst., xlu, p. 68, 1909.

Samoa. 1 Q, ii—vill.1921 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 2 29, 19.x.1922, 2.vii.1924 (Armstrong), 2 99, 13, 14.x.1923

HETEROCERA. 233

(Swezey and Wilder); 8 99, 18.i1., 3l.iv., 7, 30.v.1924, vi.1925; Malololelei,

2 SS, 2 PP, Q2iii., 14.vi., 6.vii., 18.vili.1924.

Tutuila: Leone Rd., 1 9, 20.11.1926 (Judd).

Manua: Ofu, 2 $4, 27.ii., 2.111.1926 (Judd) ; Tau, 1 9, 27.1x.1923 (Swezey).

[Hydrillodes gravatalis Walker] (Plate XII, fig. 7).

Bocana gravatalis Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xvi, p. 175, 1858.

Hydrillodes ? gravataiis Walker, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1.,

Ixxxv, p. 428, 1910.

Hydrillodes gravatalis Walker, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt, xxxii, p. 145, 1915.

Upolu: Malifa, 2 gg, 6 29, 6.v1.-6.vi1.1905 (Rechinger).

It does not seem to me likely that the specimens recorded by Rebel are really

H. gravatalis Walker, and I am inclined to think they are Hydrillodes surata

Meyrick.

93. Hydrillodes sigma, sp. n. (Plate X, figs. 2, 4, 6, 8).

6. Antenna bone brown. The three segments of the palpus so modified

that they form a curious figure resembling the Greek letter 2 ; palpus ochraceous

buff mixed with bone brown, ochraceous buff inwardly. Thorax bone brown,

ventrally ochraceous buff. Abdomen bone brown, ventrally streaked with

avellaneous. Foreleg heavily clothed with bone brown and warm buff hair-

scales ; mid leg bone brown, tibia and tarsal segments distally tipped with warm

buff ; hind leg warm buff shaded with bone brown. Forewing bone brown with

the area between the antemedial and postmedial fasciae fawn coloured; a

prominent fuscous black discocellular lunule, with bone brown shading below it

to inner margin; fuscous black dots at vein ends. Hindwing fuscous, with

traces of a discocellular lunule and a slightly bowed postmedial fascia ; fringe

drab. Underside; forewing drab shaded with fuscous; hindwing cartridge

buff with a prominent fuscous black discocellular lunule and roughly parallel

dentate fuscous black postmedial and subterminal fasciae.

Near the base of the hindwing arises a broad thin flap apparently extending

over the tympanal orifice.

Expanse: 30-32 mm.

Holotype g. Upolu: Malololelei, 5.vii.1924.

TI (4) 5

234 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

9. Similar to g, but with palpi sickle-shaped, with loose hair-scales pos-

teriorly. Forewing sometimes uniformly bone brown.

Expanse : 30-34 mm.

Allotype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, 24.11.1924.

Paratypes. Upolu: Malololelei, 1 J, 1 9, 2.vii.1924 (Armstrong); 6 3,

13 99, 22-24.11., 14.vi., 5, 7.vil.1924, 21.1v.1925, Vailima, 1 J, 1 9, 3 vi.1924,

1.11.1925.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 2 gg, 2 2, 1., 11.1924 (Steffany).

94. Bocana manifestalis Walker.

Bocana manifestalis Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xvi, p. 171, 1858.

Upolu: Apia, 2 gg, 2 99, 12, 24.11., 30.iv., 1x.1924.

Tutuila : Leone Rd., 1 9, 22.1x.1926 (Judd).

95. Progonia oileusalis Walker (Plate XVIII, fig. 13).

Herminia oileusalis Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xvi, p. 116, 1858.

Progonia oileusalis Walker, Swinhoe, Cat. Lep. Het. Oxford Museum, ii, p. 197, 1900: synonymy.

Samoa. 1 worn Q, labelled iii.—viii.1921 (O’Connor).

The whole synonymy involved here requires confirmation, for which I have

now no time, so I am compelled to accept Swinhoe’s statements, which are

probably correct.

96. Hypena gonospilalis Walker.

Hypena gonospilalis Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xxxiv, p. 1516, 1865.

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, 11.11.1923 (Armstrong).

It is impossible to be definitely satisfied with this determination on the basis

of a single female, which I hesitate to damage for a genitalia preparation as I

can see no way of getting confirmation if it should prove to differ slightly.

97. Ophiuche ferriscitalis Walker.

Hypena ferriscitalis Walker, List. Lep. Ins. B. M., xxxiv, p. 1142, 1865.

Upolu: Apia, 1 g, 11.11.1923 (Armstrong) ; 2 99, 13.1x.1923 (Swezey and

Wilder) ; 27.viii.1924.; Vailima, 1 4, 3.vi.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 2 jg, 1.1924 (Steffany) ; 12.vili.1925.

HETEROCERA. 235

98. Hypenodes taona, sp. n. (Plate XII, fig. 6; Plate XVIII, fig. 11).

6. Palpus inwardly light buff to warm buff, outwardly warm sepia with a

dull violet black gloss (in changing light), irrorated with wood brown, the third

segment tipped with warm buff. Antenna light buff to pale drab grey, proximal

third irrorated with warm sepia. Head and thorax fuscous to warm sepia.

Abdomen dorsally and ventrally pale drab grey proximally to drab grey

and fuscous distally, glossy, with expanding lateral tufts of fuscous dorsal

crests. Pectus pale drab grey. Legs pale drab grey, fore and mid legs

heavily shaded with warm sepia, hind leg with tarsi infuscate. Forewing

warm sepia with dull violet black gloss; an orange rufous to Sanford’s brown

sub-basal spot below costa ; three Sanford’s brown spots antemedially, broadly

edged distally with fuscous black, inwardly oblique from below costa towards

inner margin ; a light buff dash from costa towards upper angle of cell; an ill-

defined Sanford’s brown spot on discocellulars, broadly surrounded with fuscous

black ; three small equidistant light buff dots on costa between end of cell and

apex ; commencing below the third dot, and just above vein Rs, an oblique,

narrow, orange rufous to Sanford’s brown postmedial fascia to inner margin at

two-thirds edged proximally with fuscous black; an oblique light buff dash

from just before apex, almost joining the postmedia], but continued as an ill-

defined sinuous light buff subterminal fascia; a light buff terminal line inter-

rupted at the veins, converting it into a series of terminal interneural dashes,

each preceded by fuscous black. Hindwing semi-translucent, whitish to pale

olive grey, lightly suffused with fuscous distally, with a lightly infuscate dis-

cocellular spot, and traces of postmedial fascia ; fringe fuscous, except at anal

angle. Underside of forewing uniformly hair brown with five light buff marks

on costa ; of hindwing similar to upperside. Expanse 18 mm.

Q. Similar, but with orange rufous markings on forewing almost obliterated

by fuscous black scales, and hindwing more generally infuscate. Underside

asin male. HExpanse: 18 mm.

Holotype g. Savaii: 1,000 feet, 21.x1.1925,

Allotype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, 2,000 feet, 25.11.1924.

Paratypes. Upolu: 1 4, 2.vu.1924 (Armstrong); Apia, 10 gg, 13 99,

22-25.11., 15, 22.vi.1924, 21-22.iv., 5.xii.1925.

Savail: 3 gg, 1 9, 21.x1.1925.

236 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

99. Arrade samoensis, sp. n (Plate VIII, figs. 10, 11).

3g. Antenna sepia. Palpus with third segment slender, as long as second,

sepia, avellaneous inwardly. Head avellaneous. Thorax avellaneous mixed

with sepia. Abdomen avellaneous, distally shaded with sepia. Sternum and

venter avellaneous, the latter shaded with sepia. Fore and mid legs sepia,

tipped with cartridge buff at both extremities of femora and tibiae, and tarsal

segments distally. Hind leg cartridge buff. Forewing sepia, the pattern in

cartridge buff; sub-basal fascia of two lunules, oblique basad to inner margin ;

bowed antemedial fascia (concavity basad), broad from costa to below cell,

then narrow to inner margin; spot on discocellulars; three dots on costa

between antemedial fascia and postmedial fascia ; a wavy deeply bowed post-

medial fascia (concavity basad) from costa at about two-thirds to just beyond

middle of inner margin; a wavy subterminal fascia parallel with termen; a

series of ill-defined sepia terminal lunules; fringe cartridge buff shaded with

sepia at apex, middle and tornus. Hindwing avellaneous, uniformly but

lightly shaded with fuscous; fringe warm buff. Underside: forewing and

hindwing avellaneous, lightly shaded with fuscous.

©: Sumilar.

Expanse : 22 mm.

Holotype 3. Upolu: Apia, x.1925.

Allotype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, 21.vi.1924.

Paratype gj. Upolu: Vailima, 24.v.1924.

100. Luceria oculalis Moore (Plate XVIII, fig. 9).

Rivula oculalis Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1877, p. 614.

Upolu: Apia, 2 99, 13.iv., 18.v.1924 (Armstrong).

101. Chusaris aurantilineata Hampson (Plate VII, fig. 4).

Chusaris aurantilineata Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths. iv, Appendix, p. 546, 1896.

Sava. 2 99, 21.x1.1925.

These two specimens are in such poor condition that I am not absolutely

certain that they belong to this species. They are, however, sufficiently like

the Ceylon specimens to make it equally difficult to say they are not con-specific.

HETEROCERA. 237

HyYBLAEINAE.

102. Hyblaea sanguinea Gaede.

Hyblaea sanguinea Gaede, Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., 1917, p. 26, 1917.

Hypblaea puera vitiensis Prout, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (9), iii, p. 188, 1919.

Hyblaea apricans Boisduval, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., |xxxv,

p. 424, 1910, non Boisduval.

Hyblaea apricans Boisduval, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 145, 1915, non

Boisduval.

Samoa. 1 Q, ili.—viil.1921 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 5 gg, 5 99, 10.x., 10, 30.xi1.1922, 30.v.1924 (Armstrong) ;

1 J, 26.v.1924.

103. Hyblaea puera Cramer.

Phalaena Noctua puera Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen, 11 (9), p. 10 and index, pl. 103, figs. D, E, 1777.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 J, x.1923 (Steffany).

SPHINGIDAE.

ACHERONTIINAE.

104. Herse convolvul Linnaeus.

Sphinx convolvuli Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, p. 490, 1758.

Herse convolvult Linnaeus, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxui, p. 123, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 1 § (Henniger); 5 99, 20.vill., 18.x.1922, 4, 14.11.1923,

20.vii.1924 (Armstrong) ; 1 3, 9.11.1924; Malololelei, 2 99, 23.11., 4.v.1924.

Tutuila: 2 99, xii.1917, iv.1918 (Kellers).

SESIINAE.

105. Cephonodes armatus armatus Rothschild and Jordan.

Cephonodes armatus armatus Rothschild and Jordan, Rev. Sphing., Nov. Zool., ix, Suppl., p. 470,

1903.

Cephonodes armatus Rothschild and Jordan, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw.

K1., lxxxv, p. 422, footnote, 1910.

Cephonodes armatus armatus Rothschild and Jordan, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt.,

xxxii, p. 144, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 1 g, 10.x.1922 (Armstrong).

(Bred by Buxton in Ellice Is. from larvae on Morinda citrifolia.)

238 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

PHILAMPELINAE.

106. Chromis erotus eras Boisduval.

Deilephila eras Boisduval, Voy. Astrolabe, Lép., p. 185, 1832

Chromis erotus eras Boisduval, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., Ixxxv,

p. 422, 1910.

Chromis erctus eras Boisduval, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wass. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 144, 1915.

Samoa. 14,1920, 1 9, ii.—viii.1921 (O'Connor); 1 &, labelled “‘ Navigators’

Islands”’; 1g, 1 9, before 1878 (Whitmee) ; 1 g, 6.x.

Upolu: Apia, 3 gg, 1 9, 14.11, 11.11., 18.1v.1923, 20.vil.1924 (Armstrong) ;

1 3, 6.vii.1923 (Edwards); 1, 5 QQ, 17.11.1923, 13, 19, 24.ii1., 2.ix., 18.x.1924 ;

Malololelei, 2 g3, 2 99, 14, 24.11, iv., 10.vi.1924 ; Motootua, 1 gf, 1 9, 3l.v.,

10.v1.1905 (Rechinger) ; Vailima, 1 9, 29.11.1924.

Savaii: 1 specimen (sex ?), vii.1905 (Rechinger) ; Salailua, 1 3, 12.viii.1924 ;

Fagamalo, 1 ¢, 19.11.1925.

Tntuila: 1 9, xu.1917 (Kellers) ; Pago Pago, 1 9, v.1896 (de la Garde).

107. Deilephila placida steffanyi Clark.

Deilephila placida steffanyi Clark, Proc. New England Zool. Club, ix, p. 106, 1927.

Deilephila placida torenia Druce, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 123,

fig., 1915 (non Druce).

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, before 1914 (Henniger) ; 1 gy iv.1925.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 9, x.1923 (Steffany).

108. Macroglossum hirundo samoanum Rothschild and Jordan.

Macroglossum hirundo samoanum Rothschild and Jordan, Nov. Zool., xiii, p. 407, 1906.

Macroglossum hirundo samoanum Rothschild and Jordan, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien,

Math.-Naturw. Kl., xxv, p. 423, 1910.

Macroglossum hirundo samoanum Rothschild and Jordan, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss.

Anstalt., xxx, p. 124, 1915.

Macroglossum hirundo samoanum ab. navigatorum Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt.,

xxxu, p. 124, 1915.

Upolu: vi.1905 (Rechinger), observed but not taken ; Apia, 1 9, 27.v.1912

(Henniger) ; 1 g, 1 9, ab. navigatorum Rebel (Henniger) ; 1 4, 2 29, 8.v.1922,

12.11.1923, 1.1x.1924 (Armstrong); 6 gg, 5 99, 25.viii., 2, 20, 26, 27, 29.ix.,

2.x.1924 (several bred from Morinda citrifolia) ; Malololelei, 1 3, 10.viii.1922

(Armstrong) ; 5 gS, 1 9, 23.11., 4.v., 7, 10.vil., 1x.1924, 22.iv.1925.

HETEROCERA. 239

CHAEROCAMPINAE.

109. Hippotion celerio Linnaeus.

Sphinz celerio Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, p. 491, 1758.

Hippotion celerio Linnaeus, Rebel, 2 Beiheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 124, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 5 gg, 4 29, 8, 10, 11, 14.x.1922 (Armstrong) ; 1 3, 3 99,

18.iv., 17.vil., 16.vili., 15.1x.1924; Malololelei, 1 3, 10.v.1924 (Armstrong) ;

1 3, 25.iv.1924.

The larvae are occasionally a serious pest of the leaves of “ taro ”’ (Colocasia)

an Aroid with an edible root. An illustration, showing the damage to this plant,

is to be found in Bull. Ent. Res., xviii, Plate 2, fig. 1.

URANIIDAE.

EPIPLEMINAE.

110. Epiplema amygdalipennis Warren.

Epiplema amygdalipennis Warren, Nov, Zool., iv, p. 201, 1897.

Epiplema amygdalipennis Warren, Rebel, 2 Beiheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 131,

pl. 1, fig. 7, 1915.

Samoa. 1 Q, ii.—vil1.1921 (O’Connor).

Savaiu: Fagamalo, 1 9, 3.vii.1924; Tuasivi, 1 g, 1 9, 8.11.1924.

111. Epiplema, sp.

Epiplema sp., Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 151, 1915,

Rebel gives a description of a single female example, which he considers

is in too poor a condition to determine properly. The description does not appear

to me to be applicable to any of the material in my hands at the moment.

112. Epiplema hapala, sp. n. (Plate XI, fig. 3).

dg. Palpus cartridge buff, dorsally, and sometimes laterally, bistre.

Antenna honey yellow, shaft white-scaled. Head with vertex white, frons

bistre. Thorax white, patagia snuff brown. Abdomen white. Pectus and

venter white, the latter tinged with cartridge buff distally. Legs white, fore

coxa, tibia and tarsus shaded with bistre, mid and hind tibiae tinged with light

240 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

buff. Forewing white, costa tinged with cartridge buff and shaded with bistre ;

a rough bistre semicircle on inner margin, its diameter extending along the third

quarter ; from below costa a sharply oblique bistre fascia (directed tornad)

through upper angle of cell but not reaching beyond vein M; ; from below costa

at two-thirds a narrow bistre postmedial fascia, oblique, slightly bowed (con-

cavity basad), running towards middle of termen but stopping short just beyond

vein M,; a series of blackish brown interneural dots before the termen, con-

verging towards termen as they approach the tornus ; a fine pre-terminal bistre

line; fringe snuff brown. Hindwing white, tinged with cartridge buff par-

ticularly along inner margin; a blackish brown spot on costa at one-quarter,

another at the middle, commencing a slightly interrupted, bowed (concavity

basad) bistre postmedial fascia from middle of costa to inner margin at three-

quarters ; a series of interneural blackish brown dots before the termen, from

vein Rs towards anal angle; fringe cartridge buff; a large fold along inner

margin containing fine silky hair-scales. Underside white tinged with cartridge

buff ; forewing with a longitudinal fascia of blackish brown irroration from base

to apex, running between cell and costa, with which it is parallel.

Expanse : 23 mm. (21 mm. from tip to tip).

Q. Similar. Forewing with bistre strigulae, causing the 9 to look browner

than the male ; the short postmedial fascia is distinctly edged distally with white ;

hindwing with the postmedial fascia distinctly broadened towards inner margin,

and tinged with brighter colour—chestnut. Underside cartridge buff, forewing

suffused with warm buff costad and terminad; irroration more in the form

of transverse strigulae, and scattered over wing.

Expanse : 25 mm.

Holotype g. Upolu: Malololelei, 12.111.1924.

Allotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, 2.vii.1924 (Armstrong).

Paratypes. Upolu: Malololelei, 1 , 2.vii.1924 (Armstrong); 1 ,

12.11.1924.

113. Epiplema lypera, sp. n. (Plate XJ, figs. 1, 2).

g. Palpus fuscous black. Antenna fuscous, the shaft scaled with light

buff. Head with frons fuscous, vertex light buff. Thorax fuscous, drab laterally.

Abdomen fuscous and drab mixed, light buff distally. Pectus, venter and legs

light buff, suffused in varying degrees with fuscous to drab. Forewing light

HETEROCERA. 241

buff, patchily covered with fuscous black to present a longitudinally streaked

effect, relieved with some chestnut brown mostly beyond the indistinct post-

medial fascia; bowed (concavity basad) antemedial and postmedial fasciae,

hardly traceable ; costa broadly fuscous black; termen and fringe fuscous ;

the chestnut brown runs indistinctly in two fasciae, one through the cell roughly

parallel with costa, the other between the cubital veins. Hindwing liver brown

with inner margin broadly light buff, some chestnut brown where the other two

colours jom; a narrow, bowed (concavity basad) chestnut postmedial fascia

from costa at three-fourths, roughly parallel with the direction of the termen

(but lacking its irregularities), obsolescent towards inner margin.

Underside light buff sparsely irrorated with fuscous, more noticeably on

costa of both wings ; forewing with a longitudinal indistinct stripe of irroration

through the cell from base to termen.

Expanse : 23 mm.

Q. Similar, larger. Bowed antemedial and postmedial fasciae on fore-

wings slightly more prominent ; hindwing with the projection on the termen

at vein Rs more produced than in the g; colours more mixed and patchy; a

distinct discocellular streak. Underside of hindwing noticeably paler in colour

than forewing, more so than ing ; traces of bowed postmedial bands of irroration.

Hxpanse : 28 mm.

Holotype 3. Upolu: Malololelei, 24.11.1924.

Allotype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, 24.vi.1924.

Paratype g. Upolu: Malololelei, 2.vii.1924 (Armstrong).

114. Gathynia lugens Warren.

Epiplema lugens Warren, Nov. Zool., iv, p. 202, 1897.

The type in the Tring Museum is a female taken at Apia by Woodford.

Upolu: Apia, 1 g, x.1925; Malololelei, 1 9, 21.iv.1925; Vailima, 1 J,

29.11.1924.

115. Phazaca kellersi, sp. n. (Plate XVIII, fig. 14).

9. Palpus olive brown, white on inner side. Antenna with the shaft

white. Head with frons olive brown, lower half streaked with white; vertex

white. Thorax tilleul buff, buffy brown in front. Abdomen tilleul buff tinged

242 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

with olive buff. Pectus, venter and legs tilleul buff, the foreleg shaded with

buffy brown, mid and hind tarsi enriched with warm buff. Forewing tilleul

buff, appearing pale brownish drab owing to the fuscous tips of numerous

scattered scales, sometimes so arranged as to form obscure transverse strigulae ;

an indistinct, fine antemedial fascia, oblique from costa at one-third to vein

M; at one quarter, there angled and then oblique to middle of inner margin ; an

indistinct amber brown postmedial fascia deeply bowed (concavity basad) from

costa at three-quarters to vein M3 at two-thirds, thence obsolescent, possibly

ending in the sharply oblique streak on the inner margin at three-quarters ;

the inner marginal extremities of both the antemedial and postmedial fasciae

together give the appearance of one of those semi-circular marks common on the

inner margin of the forewing of moths belonging to this family ; a pre-terminal

series of velvety bone brown dashes ; fringe drab. Hindwing similar in colour

to forewing; a bowed antemedial fascia and an angled postmedial fascia ;

velvety bone brown pre-terminal dashes preceeded by some opalescent scaling.

‘Underside uniform tilleul buff, covered sparsely with fuscous dots or strigulae.

Expanse : 25 mm.

Holotype @ and paratype 9. Tutuila: (Kellers).

PSYCHIDAE.

[> Clania, sp.]

% Clania sp., Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., lxxxv, p. 482, fig. 33,

1910 (larva-case).

Upolu: Apia, 1 larva-case, xii.1925, possibly belonging to the same species

as that recorded by Rebel as having been found by Dr. Rechinger on Melochia

odorata (STERCULIACEAE).

116. Mahasena corbetti Tams (Plate XII, fig. 3).

Mahasena corbetti Tams, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (10), i, p. 632, 1928.

Tutuila : Pago Pago, 1 g, xii.1925.

[> Fumea, sp.]

¢ Fumea sp., Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., lxxxv, p. 482, fig. 34,

1910 (larva-case).

A single larva-case is recorded as having been taken by Dr. Rechinger on an

epiphytic fern (Polypodium caudiforme Bl.) on Upolu on 23.vi.1905. This may

belong to the species described below.

HETEROCERA. 243

117. Fumea samoana, sp. n. (Plate XVIII, fig. 1).

g. Antenna pectinate, apparently with 25 segments. Fore tibia with an

epiphysis, hind tibia with spurs. Tarsi 5-segmented. Light brownish olive,

glossy, the forelegs infuscate.

Expanse : 12 mm.

Holotype 3. Upolu: Vailima, 8.vi.1924.

Paratype g. Upolu: Apia, 11.vi.1924 (fragments).

PYRALIDAHE.

THYRIDINAE.

118. Striglina lithophora, sp. n. (Plate XI, g. 6).

Q. Pinkish to deep vinaceous, irrorate or strigulate with sepia, producing

a dirty vinaceous brown effect ; ochraceous buff mottling in cell, and beneath

it a variable number of pearly spots. Underside paler, sepia strigulation more

pronounced.

Expanse: 33 mm.

Holotype 9. Upolu: Vailima, 19.ix.1922 (Armstrong).

Paratypes. Upolu: Vailima, 1 9, 19.1x.1922 (Armstrong); Malololelei,

2 29, vil., 9.vil.1924.

119. Striglina anthina, sp. n. (Plate XI, fig. 5).

6. Cartridge buff to light ochraceous salmon, mottled with tawny and

various shades of buff and pink, too uncertain in distribution to define accurately ;

two oval semi-hyaline patches below lower angle of cell, the larger above vein

Cus, the smaller below it ; postmedial fascia indicated by fuscous black strigulae

and dots interneurally below costa as far as vein My, ; a somewhat irregular series

of fuscous black dots subterminally, with abundant strigulae beyond them ;

sometimes drab shading postmedially. Hindwing with similar facies, but

without semi-hyaline patches. Hind tibia heavily fringed with light buff hair-

scales, and with a large tuft of fuscous black curled scales.

Expanse: 30 mm.

Q. Similar, sometimes darker, mottled with rufous.

Expanse : 30-33 mm.

244 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Holotype 3. Upolu: Malololelei, 21.1v.1925.

Allotype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, 9.vii.1924.

Paratypes. Upolu: Apia, 2 99, x.1925; Malololelei, 1 J, 22.iv.1925 ;

Vailima, 1 9, xi.1925.

Tutuila: 1 9 (Kellers); Pago Pago, 1 9, x.1923 (Steffany) ; Amauli,

1 9, 17.11.1926 (Judd).

120. Striglina oecia, sp. n. (Plate XI, fig. 4).

g. Ochraceous buff, the forewing mottled with ochre red; fore tibia

infuscate, other legs, as well as palpus, frons and base of costa tinged with

ochraceous tawny ; pattern of forewing consists of ochre red mottling arranged

in first an antemedial series of spots, almost straight, then a prominent discocel-

lular spot, followed by a postmedial fascia from costa at one-sixth to inner

margin just beyond middle, broader below vein Mz, and also a number of dots

scattered over the wing; hindwing with some chestnut brown streaking on

proximal half, a prominent chestnut brown discocellular spot, and the distal

half of the wing densely mottled with ochre red. Underside with prominent

drab to fuscous discocellular spots, and other scattered but small dots or strigulae.

Expanse : 28-30 mm.

2. Light ochraceous buff to warm buff, pattern and mottling fuscous, with

no trace of ochre red.

Expanse : 30-33 mm.

Holotype g. Upolu: Apia, 27.1.1924.

Allotype 2. Upolu: Apia, 10.x1.1921 (Armstrong).

Paratypes. Samoa. 1920 (O'Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 2 gg, 10.11.1923; 13.1v.1924 (Armstrong); 4 gg, 2 99,

30.1v., x.1925 ; Malololelei, 2 gg, vii.1925 (Wilder) ; 1g, 1 9, 24.11., 24.vi1.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, x.1923, 1., 12.iv.1924 (Steffany).

This species differs from S. vavauensis Hampson in the genitalia, and is

possibly uniformly shghtly larger ; superficially the two are extremely alike.

121. Betousa hemicycla, Meyrick (Plate XI, fig. 8).

Siculodes hemicycla Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 216.

Upolu: Malololelei, 1 9, 2.vii.1924 (Armstrong).

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 2 99, 11.1924 (Steffany).

HETEROCERA. 245

122. Rhodoneura plagifera Butler.

Microsca plagifera Butler, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 420.

Rhodoneura sp., Rebel, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xii, p. (121), 1912.

Rhodoneura incarnatalis Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxu, p. 132, pl. 1, fig. 4,

1915.

Rhodoneura incarnatalis ab. fenestralis Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxii, p. 132,

1915.

Upolu: Apia, 1 9 (Friederichs); 1 9, xi1.1910 (Prowazek); 2 99,

11.xu1.1921, 7.v.1922 (Armstrong).

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 J, 1.1924 (Steffany).

Hampson (Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1897, p. 618) treated Microsca plagifera

Butler as synonymous with Rhodoneura myrtaea Drury, which certainly applies

to an entirely different insect. Butler’s type is a Tonga Islands specimen (9).

123. Rhodoneura sericatalis Rebel.

Rhodoneura sericatalis Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxil, p. 132, pl. 1, fig. 6, 1915.

Samoa. 1 Q, 1i—vii.1921 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 2 9° (Friederichs) ; 4 gg, 3 99, 13-15.1x.1923 (Swezey and

Wilder); 1 9, 30.v.1924; Malololelei, 1 g, 27.vi.1924 (Armstrong); 3 gJ,

6 OO, 15, 23, 24.11., 4.v.1924, 21.iv., xi1.1925; Mt. Vaea, 1 3, 25.iv.1924 (Bryan) ;

Leulumoega, 1 g, 14.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 5 99, x.1923, 1.1924 (Steffany); 1 9, 10.ix.1923

(Swezey and Wilder).

124. Brixia dialitha, sp. n. (Plate XI, fig. 7).

¢g. Palpus cinnamon brown, narrowly straw yellow at joints. Antenna

honey yellow. Head straw yellow, with cinnamon brown in front of antennae.

Thorax and abdomen straw yellow shaded with cinnamon brown. Pectus,

venter and legs straw yellow, the latter variously shaded and banded with

cinnamon brown. Forewing straw yellow with a pattern of cinnamon brown

leaving the ground-colour mostly arranged in circular spots ; a splash of cinna-

mon brown from base to apex below costa, narrow proximally, spreading distally.

Hindwing colour similarly disposed, but instead of a longitudinal splash, a

transverse slightly bowed cinnamon brown fascia across middle. Underside

similar, the forewing with the longitudinal cmnamon-brown splash restricted to

246 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

the proximal two-thirds of the cell, with a small patch just beyond the dis-

cocellulars, both areas irrorated with opalescent scales.

Expanse: 23 mm.

Holotype g and paratype g. Tutuila: Pago Pago, v.1896 (de la Garde).

GALLERIINAE.

125. Ceratothalama argosema Meyrick (Plate VI, fig. 25; Plate XIII, fig. 2).

Ceratothalama argosema Meyrick, Exot. Microlep., iv, p. 246, 1932.

Tirathaba chionophthalma Meyrick, Exot. Microlep., iv, p. 488, 1934.

Upolu: Malololelei, 3 99, 25.11.1924, 21.iv.1925.

In the Samoan specimens here recorded the white spot in the disc is

obsolescent or actually obsolete. The variation in the size of the white spot leads

me to believe that only one species is represented, as in all other respects the

insects seem to me to be identical.

126. Acolastodes oenotripta Meyrick (Plate XIV, figs. 4-6).

Acolastodes oenotripta Meyrick, Exot. Microlep., iv, p. 489, 1934.

Upolu: Malololelei, 1 9, 24.11.1924.

127. Corcyra cephalonica Stainton.

Melissoblaptes (?) cephalonica Stainton, Ent. Monthly Magq., ii, p. 172, 1866.

Corcyra cephalonica Stainton, Ragonot, Ent. Monthly Magq., xxii, p. 23, 1885.

Upolu: Apia, 2 3g, 1 9, 7, 30.v., 11.vi.1924.

Larvae infesting rice.

128. Tirathaba trichogramma Meyrick.

Heteromicta trichogramma Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 273.

Tirathaba trichogramma Meyrick, Ragonot, Rom. Mém., viii, p. 461, pl. 51, fig. 13, 1901.

Tirathaba trichogramma Meyrick, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 133, 1915.

Hylaletis trichogramma Meyrick, Exot. Microlep., iv, p. 241, 1932.

Samoa. 1 2 (Henniger).

Upolu: 2 99 (Friederichs) ; Apia, 1 9, 12.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ;

2 9, 30.v., 19.vii.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 3 99, x.1923, i., 11.1924 (Steffany).

Manua: Ofu, 1 9,.27.11.1926 (Judd).

HETEROCERA. 247

CRAMBINAE.

129. Crambus dielota Meyrick.

Calamotropha dielota Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 268.

Crambus dielota Meyrick, Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1895, p. 926.

Samoa. 1 4, i.-vili.1921 (O’Connor).

130. Diptychophora calliptera, sp. n. (Plate XVII, Fig. 12).

Q. Palpus ochraceous orange, fuscous distally. Antenna drab, ringed with

fuscous black. Head, thorax and abdomen fuscous black. Pectus light buff

tinged with drab, venter fuscous. Legs drab with some fuscous shading. Fore-

wing drab suffused with fuscous black, proximal half crossed by several bars,

glossy plumbago slate, ochraceous orange, fuscous black, plumbago slate,

fuscous black, and plumbago slate respectively ; a deeply bowed plumbago slate

postmedial fascia edged distad with fuscous black, succeeded by ochraceous

orange to the termen, the strip of ochraceous orange being broken up by bars

(parallel with the veins) of plumbago slate ; a fine fuscous black terminal line ;

fringe fuscous mixed with plumbago slate. Hindwing drab suffused with fuscous.

Underside cartridge buff lightly suffused with fuscous, more pronounced post-

medially.

Expanse: 10 mm.

Holotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, 25.iv.1924.

Paratypes. Upolu: Malololelei, 2 99, 25.11.1924.

131. Diptychophora amydra, sp. n. (Plate XVI, fig. 13).

. Palpus, antenna, head, thorax, abdomen and venter fuscous to fuscous

black ; pectus and legs light buff, the latter shaded with fuscous. Forewing

fuscous black, fringe dusky green blue, glossy. Hindwing above, and both fore-

and hindwings beneath, tilleul buff lightly shaded with fuscous. Expanse: 8

mm.

Holotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, xii.1925.

Paratypes. Upolu: Malololelei, 2 99, 20.vi.1924 (Armstrong).

248 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

132. Diptychophora dialitha, sp. n. (Plate XVII, fig. 11).

g and 2. Palpus, antenna, head, thorax and abdomen fuscous to fuscous

black ; pectus warm buff in front, fuscous behind ; legs light buff shaded with

fuscous. Forewing fuscous black, the proximal third crossed by slightly bowed

(concavity terminad) bars, in the following sequence: spectrum blue, ochraceous

orange, fuscous black (fine), spectrum blue, fuscous black (coarse) ; rest of disc

before postmedial fascia comprising a fuscous black triangle irrorated with

cartridge buff or ivory yellow ; a sharply angled spectrum blue postmedial fascia,

edged with fuscous black on each side ; between upper arm of postmedial and

apex of wing an ochraceous orange patch divided by a spectrum blue bar, parallel

with the postmedial; lower arm of postmedial succeeded by a broad velvety

fuscous black patch, edged proximad with ivory yellow, and exhibiting four

minute equidistant white dots ; fringe fuscous. with a pinkish vinaceous sheen,

and a dash of cartridge buff at apex of wing. Hindwing fuscous. Underside

forewing tilleul buff, with a patch of ivory yellow scales between cell and inner

margin antemedially ; across the apex a succession of bars—fuscous black,

spectrum blue, ochraceous orange, spectrum blue, ochraceous orange, with a

dash of ivory yellow followed by fuscous on the fringe ; four interneural fuscous

black dots before the termen between vein M, and tornus, with ivory yellow dots

on the veins; underside hindwing tilleul buff, lightly shaded with fuscous.

Expanse : 8-9 mm.

Holotype g. Upolu: Malololelei, iv.1924.

Allotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, 28.v1.1924.

Paratypes. Upolu: Malololelei, 2 gg, 1 9, iv., 20.vi., vi1.1924.

Savaii: Fagamalo, 1 3, x1.1925.

SCHOENOBIINAE.

133. Scirpophaga nivella Fabricius.

Tinea nivella Fabricius, Ent. Syst., i, (2), p. 296, 1794.

Upolu: Fasitoouta, 1 9, 9.xi.1925.

Fletcher (One Hundred Notes on Indian Insects, 1918) states that Scirpophaga

auriflua Zeller is a later name than S. xanthogastrella Walker, which name must

have preference. But S. xanthogastrella Walker is an entirely different species.

Hampson sinks S. auriflua to S. nivella Fabricius, and this we must accept for

the present.

HETEROCERA. 249

ANERASTIINAE.

134. Rhinaphe virginella Meyrick.

Anerastia virginella Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., iv, p. 233, 1879.

Erythrophlebia virginella Meyrick, Hampson in Ragonot, Rom. Mém., vii, p. 394, pl. 40, fig. 8,

1901.

Erythrophlebia ? virginella Meyrick, Rebel, 2 Beiheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxu, p. 133,

1915.

Rhinaphe virginella Meyrick, Hampson, Prec. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1918, p. 84.

Upolu : 1 @ (Friederichs).

This species is not represented in the material before me, and I merely

repeat Rebel’s record, though he evidently was not certain of the determination.

His statement (translated) reads :-—

“A 2 from Upolu (coll. Friederichs), exhibiting unicolorous, marking-less,

fairly dark reddish forewings, belongs probably to this species.”

135. Rhinaphe nigricostalis Walker.

Trachonitis nigricostalis Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xxvii, p. 40, 1863.

Comorta nigricostalis Walker, Ragonot, Rom. Mém., viii, p. 389, pl. 39, fig. 22, 1901.

Rhinaphe nigricostalis Walker, Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1918, p. 83.

Samoa. 1 Q, 11.—vili.1921 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 1g, 1 9, 30, 31.v.1924.

Tutuula : Pago Pago, 1 9, 1.1924 (Steffany).

136. Genus ? species ?

** Anerastine spec. (2), Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxi, p. 151, 1915.

Samoa. 1 (Friederichs).

As far as I am able to judge from Rebel’s description, the specimen

mentioned by him belongs to a species I do not know.

His description is roughly as follows :—

Palpi dark, porrect, projecting for a distance equal to twice the diameter

of the head. The venation of the forewing is quadrifid, that of the hind not

being distinguishable with certainty. The narrow forewing is light red-brown

with a clear white costal stripe reaching almost to the apex of the wing. The

hindwing is whitish with a brownish fringe.

Expanse: 15 mm.

Itt (4) 6

250 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

PHYCITINAE.

137. Ephestia cautella Walker.

Pempelia cautella Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xxvii, p. 73, 1863.

Ephestia cautella Walker, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 66, 1896.

Ephestia cautella Walker, Ragonot, Rom. Mém., viii, p. 292, pl. 34, fig. 23, 1901.

Upolu: Lalomanu, Aleipata, 1 9, xi.1924.

138. Homoeosoma ephestidiella Hampson.

Homoeosoma ephestidiella Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 67, 1896.

Homoeosoma ephestidiella Hampson, in Ragonot, Rom. Mém., viii, p. 255, pl. 49, fig. 5, 1901.

Upolu: 1 9, vi.1924; Malololelei, 6 99, 21, 22, 25.vi.1924, 2.iv.1925.

Tutuila : Pago Pago, 1g, 3 29, 9, 10, 18.1x.1923 (Steffany) ; 1g, 14.x11.1925.

139. Ptyobathra polia, sp. n. (Plate XIII, fig. 12).

©. Fuscous, with some white irroration on palpus, legs and _ pectus.

Forewing fuscous suffused with white, the white forming noticeably an oblique

bar from costa at one-third to middle of lower margin of cell, the ground-colour

accentuated to fuscous black beyond it in middle of cell, followed by an ill-

defined white patch surrounding two fuscous black discocellular dots; traces

of an indistinct subterminal fascia and a series of terminal dots ; fringe fuscous.

Hindwing drab. Underside drab.

Expanse: 20 mm.

Holotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, 2 vii.1924 (Armstrong).

140. Thylacoptila auchmodes Turner.

Phycita auchmodes Turner, Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland, xix, p. 50, 1905.

Thylacoptila auchmodes Turner, loc. cit.

Upolu: Malololelei, 2 gg, 2 99, 24, 25.11.1924.

141. Thylacoptila gonylasia, sp. n. (Plate XIII, fig. 1; Plate XIV, fig. 2).

¢. Palpus vinaceous cinnamon mixed with liver brown. Antenna honey

yellow. Head vinaceous cinnamon. Thorax vinaceous cinnamon, patagium

HETEROCERA. 25]

and tegula shaded with liver brown. Abdomen ochraceous buff. Pectus and

venter warm buff, with orange-buff scaling at the claspers. Legs vinaceous

cinnamon shaded with drab, cinnamon and fuscous; mid femur and tibia stout

the latter fringed broadly with drab scales; hind tibia with a long ochre red

brush of hair-scales from proximal third, distal two-thirds broadly fringed with

long pinkish cinnamon scales. Forewing vinaceous cinnamon, irrorated and

shaded with liver brown; an antemedial ridge of liver brown raised scales ; an

oblique, bowed, liver brown discocellular streak ; a prominent crenulate sub-

terminal fascia roughly parallel with termen ; a terminal series of interneural

liver brown dots; fringe cinnamon. Hindwing ochraceous buff to pale orange

yellow, glossy. Underside both fore and hindwings ochraceous buff, glossy,

forewing with proximal half strongly shaded with fuscous, hindwing with

pinkish cinnamon shading on costa.

Expanse: 20 mm.

Holotype g. Upolu: Malololelei, 22.11.1924.

Paratype §. Tutuila: Pago Pago, x.1923 (Steffany).

142. Nephopteryx ceratistes, sp. n.

(Plate VI, fig. 24; Plate XIII, figs. 3,4; Plate XIV, figs. 1, 3).

dg. Palpus large, hollowed out to receive tufted maxillary palpus, reaching

above vertex of head, pinkish buff shaded with chocolate. Antenna russet,

the shaft pinkish buff shaded with chocolate, at the base of the shaft swollen

and slightly distorted. Head warm buff, frons with a curved horn-shaped tuft

of flattened scales reaching above the vertex. Thorax chocolate. Abdomen

warm buff. Pectus warm buff, with a long narrow (1 mm. x 0-25 mm.) patch

of fuscous black scales on the mesothorax, immediately below base of hindwings.

Venter warm buff. Legs pinkish buff, shaded with chocolate. Forewings with

costa deeply bowed ; chocolate, with a few fuscous black scales intermixed ;

and sometimes massed just beyond antemedial fascia ; an oblique pinkish buff

antemedial fascia from costa at one-fourth to inner margin at one-third; an

ill-defined, somewhat triangular area (base on costa, apex on inner margin) of

pinkish buff scaling, degraded in varying degrees by intermixture with chocolate ;

an irregularly serrated pinkish buff subterminal fascia with a sharp kink below

costa, then roughly parallel with termen ; fringe pinkish buff with a chocolate

252 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

line through it. Hindwing light buff, heavily suffused with fuscous. Underside

fuscous to fuscous black, except a broad strip along proximal two-thirds of costa

and another along inner margin of forewing, and also along proximal third of

hindwing.

Expanse : 20 mm.

9. Similar, but generally less rich in colour ; wings somewhat larger, costa

less bowed ; chief colour more vinaceous brown than chocolate.

Expanse : 23-24 mm.

Holotype ¢ and allotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, 21.1v.1925.

Paratypes. Upolu: Malololelei, 1 9, 2.vii.1924 (Armstrong) ; 7 gg, 5 29,

22, 24, 25.11., vil.1924, 21.1v.1925.

143. Cryptoblabes proleucella Hampson.

Cryptoblabes proleucella Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths. iv, p. 105, 1896.

Manua: Tau, 1 9, 27.1x.1923, ex cocoon on cane leaf (Swezey).

Much more material is needed of this and other Phycitinae. There is a

species T'hiallela endochralis Hampson, which, if it really differs from Cryptoblabes

proleucella, is so like it that with the small amount of material available I find

it difficult to say to which the Samoan specimen belongs.

144. Cryptoblabes elaeothrepta, sp. n. (Plate XIV, figs. 7, 8).

®. Vinaceous cinnamon, legs and forewings shaded with fuscous to fuscous

black. Forewing with a fuscous black patch on costa at base, the distal half of

the wing shaded with drab to fuscous, with some fuscous black irroration ; inner

edge of shaded area deeply bowed (concavity basad) ; a break in the shading

subterminally, leaving a slightly wavy fascia of ground-colour; a terminal

series of ill-defined fuscous black interneural dots; fringe vinaceous buff.

Hindwing and underside of both wings vinaceous buff.

Expanse : 20 mm.

Holotype 2. Upolu: Apia, 19.x.1924.

Paratype 2. Upolu: Mulifanua, 9.vi.1924.

145. Cryptoblabes trabeata Meyrick.

Cryptoblabes trabeata Meyrick, Exot. Microlep., iv, p. 239, 1932.

Upolu: Apia, 2 99, 1889 (Lister); Malololelei, 3 gg, 1 9, 23, 24,

HETEROCERA. 253

26.v1., 2.v1.1924 (Armstrong); 6 gg, 5 99, 23, 25.11, 25, 28.vi., vii.1924,

21.1v.1925.

Tutuila: KE. end of island, 1,070 feet, 1 3, 21.vi.1918 (Kellers).

This species resembles C. ferrealis Lower (Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., 1901,

p. 663), as far as I am able to judge by a coloured sketch in the British Museum

collection. We have no specimens.

146. Cryptoblabes plagioleuca Turner.

Cryptoblabes plagioleuca Turner, Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland, xviii, p. 150, 1904.

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, 13.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).

147. Cryptoblabes spodopetina, sp. n. (Plate XIII, figs. 10, 11).

9. Palpus vinaceous russet shaded with fuscous and irrorated with pale

drab grey. Antenna fuscous fringed with pale drab grey. Head and thorax

vinaceous russet. Abdomen brownish olive. Pectus pale drab grey with some

fuscous intermixed, fuscous in front. Venter white proximally to pale drab

grey distally, terminal tuft ochraceous buff. Foreleg fuscous, midleg vinaceous

russet, hind leg pale drab grey shaded with brownish olive. Forewing vinaceous

russet, densely dusted over with pale drab grey. Hindwing brownish olive to

fuscous. Underside brownish olive to fuscous.

Expanse : 20 mm.

Holotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, 25.11.1924.

148. Assara albicostalis Walker.

Assara albicostalis Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xxvii, p. 80, 1863.

Hyphantidium albicostale Walker, Hampson in Ragonot, Rom. Mém., viii, p. 73, pl. 25, fig. 14,

1901.

Hyphantidium albicostale Walker, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 134, 1915

Samoa. 1 specimen (Henniger).

Not represented in the collections before me.

I feel some doubt as to the generic status of A. albicostalis as interpreted by

Hampson and Rebel, who sink the genus Assara under Hyphantidium. I am

not sure that the venation alone differs sufficiently to justify separation, but the

254 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

structure of the female genitalia is so utterly different that I prefer to keep the

two genera separate. An examination of the male genitalia is necessary, and

this must wait until we can obtain males of Hyphantidium sericarvum Scott,

of which we possess only three females, although it is a pest in Australia.

149. Oligochroa leucophaeella Zeller.

Pempelia (Salebria) leucophaeella Zeller, Stett. ent. Zeit., xxviil, p. 390, 1867.

Oligochroa leucophaeella Zeller, Ragonot, Rom. Mém., vii, p. 378, pl. 12, fig. 15, 1893.

Oligochroa leucophaeella Zeller, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 134, 1915.

Upolu: 1 (Friederichs).

Not represented in the material under review.

150. Etiella zinckenella Treitschke.

Phycis zinckenella Treitschke, Schmett. Eur., ix, 1, p. 201, 1832.

Upolu: Apia, 1 3, 14.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).

The larva damages various Leguminosae.

151. Calguia defiguralis Walker (Plate XIII, fig. 7).

Calguia defiguralis Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xxvii, p. 83, 1863.

Upolu: Apia, 1 3, 14.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).

152. Hypsipyla swezeyi, sp. n. (Plate XIII, figs. 8, 9).

9. Fuscous, sparsely streaked with pale drab grey. Markings so indis-

tinct as to make their accurate description difficult. A wavy antemedial fascia

of pale drab grey scales, emphasised by narrow strips of plain fuscous ground-

colour on each side ; a subterminal series of fuscous dashes between the veins,

each edged distally with pale drab grey scales; each vein with an indistinct

streak of pale drab grey close below it before the termen. Hindwing pale drab

grey, lightly edged with fuscous on costa and at termen ; a drab line through the

fringe.

Expanse: 27 mm.

Holotype g. Upolu: Apia, 14.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).

HETEROCERA. 255

153. Rhodophaea acrobasella Rebel.

Rhodophaea acrobasella Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 134, pl. 1, fig. 10,

1915.

Upolu: Apia, several 99, x., at light (Friederichs); Malololelei, 1 9,

25.v1.1924.

EPIPASCHIINAE.

154. Locastra ardua Swinhoe.

Locastra ardua Swinhoe, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), ix, p. 181, 1902.

Locastra drucet Bethune-Baker, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1905, p. 94, pl. 8, fig. 8.

Upolu: Malololelei, 1 9, 21.i1v.1925.

155. Odontopaschia stephanuchra, sp. n.

(Plate XI, figs. 9,10; Plate XIII, fig. 5).

¢. Palpus warm buff, third segment on inner side tipped with fuscous.

Antenna stout at base, tapering distally, a small backwardly and inwardly

directed hook at base of shaft, honey yellow, the shaft with warm buff scales.

Head citrine with a few olivaceous black scales. Thorax citrine, the tegulae

with some long olivaceous black scales behind, metathorax with some ferruginous

scales. Abdomen, pectus and venter warm buff. Legs warm buff, with some

fuscous shading, most pronounced on tarsi. Forewing with proximal two-

thirds citrine mixed with fuscous and ferruginous, distal third warm buff with

some scattered citrine, fuscous and ferruginous scaling; a crenate warm buff

antemedial fascia, broad and with indications of citrine and fuscous intermixture ;

on the inner margin before it a prominent tuft of olivaceous black scales with a

brilliant bronze sheen; in the middle of the wing, its straight edge lying

obliquely in the cell not quite parallel with costa, a prominent tuft of olivaceous

black scales, with a purple sheen ; the body of the tuft is of flat broad raised

scales, from under which arise long narrow scales, the proximal ones warm buff,

the distal ones olivaceous black ; at upper angle of cell another spreading tuft

of long raised, olivaceous black scales. Hindwing light buff, lightly shaded

with fuscous. Underside light buff, with scattered fuscous shading, the hind-

wing with a fuscous spot on discocellulars.

Expanse: 22 mm.

Holotype g and paratype g. Upolu: Apia, 1,000 feet, x.1925.

256 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Both specimens seem to have suffered through being relaxed for setting,

and the citrine colouring gives one the impression that it may have been a rich

olive green, as already much of it has faded to a yellowish colour.

ENDOTRICHINAE.

156. Doththa mesenterialis Walker.

Doththa mesenterialis Walker, Last. Lep. Ins. B. M., xvii, p. 285, 1859.

Endotricha mesenterialis Walker, Rebel, 2 Beiheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 134,

1915.

Upolu: Apia, 2 99 (Friederichs) ; 1 4, 13.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ;

13,1 9, 28.1., 24.x.1924.

There are certain species hitherto placed by Hampson in scattered positions

in the genus Endotricha, possessing in the male sex several characters which show

them to be closely related. With the exception of the widely distributed

Doththa mesenterialis, these species are I believe confined to islands, and it was

the discovery of several apparently new species in the islands of the Gulf of

Guinea that first drew my attention to this fact. I propose therefore, for the

purpose of this paper, to revive Walker’s genus Doththa (type: D. mesenterialis

Walker) for these species, and I hope later to investigate the other species and

their geographical distribution.

157. Doththa plinthopa Meyrick.

Endotricha plinthopa Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 214.

Upolu: Malololelei, 1 g, 2.vii.1924 (Armstrong); 3 gg, 5 99, 24, 25.11.,

22.11.1924.

Tutuila: 1 ¢ (Kellers) ; Pago Pago, 2 99, 1., 11.1924 (Steffany).

158. ‘Trichophysetis neophyla Meyrick (Plate XV, figs. 5, 6).

Trichophysetis neophyla Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1884, p. 287.

®. Palpus ochraceous orange. Antenna light buff, shaft white-scaled.

Head and thorax white. Abdomen (tergum) drab. Pectus white. Venter

tilleul buff. Legs tilleul buff, fore tibia shaded with ochraceous orange. Fore-

wing light drab, the costa with traces of ochraceous orange ; a narrow, straight,

oblique, ochraceous orange sub-basal fascia ; antemedial fascia sharply oblique

HETEROCERA. 257

medio-terminad from just before middle of costa, white outlined with ochraceous

orange, sharply angled just before discocellulars, then sharply oblique to inner

margin at about one-third, fuscous mixed with ochraceous orange; a white

discocellular lunule; a deeply bowed (concavity basad), wavy, postmedial

fascia, more or less parallel with termen from vein M, to inner margin, white,

edged on each side with fuscous ; before the apex a white lunulate mark, con-

cave and edged with fuscous terminad, broadest costad. Hindwing light drab,

with bowed, wavy, fuscous-outlined white antemedial and postmedial fasciae.

Underside similar, slightly paler, with the postmedial fascia on both wings set

considerably nearer the termen.

Expanse: 16 mm.

Neallotype 2. Upolu: Apia, 29.iv.1924.

Meyrick described the g only, and drew particular attention to its remarkable

palpi, which are “ clothed with very long fine dense hairs capable of depression

and expansion, terminal joint concealed.” Hampson (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.,

1896, p. 491) treats T. neophyla as a synonym of TY. cretacea Butler, an action

which Meyrick (Exot. Microlep, iv, p. 159, 1981) rightly considers unjustifiable.

Latagognoma, gen. n.

Proboscis well-developed ; maxillary palpus dilated with scales; labial

palpus upcurved, barely reaching vertex of head, third segment acuminate,

nearly as long as second. Antenna of male stout, axinomerous.* Legs smoothly

scaled. Forewing with veins R2, R3 and Ry stalked, Re arising at one-fourth,

R, at one-half, R; absent ; M, stalked with M, at one-fourth, Cu, close to angle

of cell, Cu, fairly close to Cu,. Hindwing with Rs arising from Sc about half-

way between upper angle of cell and costa; cell length about one-fourth wing

length ; vein M, from upper angle, M, + Ms; coincident, arising from Cu,

at two-thirds, Cu, from angle of cell.

Genotype. Latagognoma dacryodes Tams sp. n.

159. Latagognoma dacryodes, sp. n. (Plate XVIII, figs. 15, 16).

Palpus claret brown, mixed with some warm buff. Antenna drab, the shaft

shaded with claret brown. Head and thorax claret brown. Abdomen warm

* T have been unable to find a term to describe this type of antenna, in which each segment

is shaped rather like an axe-head; the segments are placed close together, so that the whole

antenna is rather like a sickle, with a thick dorsal edge and a thin ventral edge.

258 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

buff shaded with drab and fuscous. Pectus, venter and legs warm buff, streaked

with claret brown. Forewing claret brown with some fuscous black irroration ;

a prominent, wedge-shaped dash, warm buff degraded with claret brown,

accentuated by fuscous black shading on each side, from costa tornad, its point

only just reaching below lower margin of cell; a fuscous black discocellular

streak ; a distinct, but ill-defined subterminal fascia parallel with termen,

consisting of irregular pinkish buff dots on the veins, accentuated before and

beyond by fuscous black streaks on veins ; from costa at the subterminal fascia

there is a diffuse fuscous black shade directed back towards the middle of the

inner margin, which it fails to reach ; a fine fuscous black terminal line ; fringe

claret brown, fuscous edged. Hindwing light buff, lightly suffused distally

with fuscous, and streaked over its whole area with sparsely distributed long

claret-brown scales (narrow, broader distally), all directed terminad. Underside

hight buff, lightly shaded with fuscous.

Expanse: 16mm.

Holotype §. Upolu: Malololelei, 22.11.1924.

Paratypes. Upolu: Malololelei, 1 3, 25.11.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 3, 14.1x.1923 (Steffany).

PYRALINAE.

160. Pyralis pictalis Curtis.

Asoma pictalis Curtis, Brit. Entom., descr. and pl. no. 503, 1834.

Upolu: Apia, 1 g, 21.11.1925, bred from fowl-house refuse.

161. Pyralis manihotalis Guenée.

Pyralis manihotalis Guenée, Spec. Gén., Lép., viii, p. 121, 1854.

Pyralis manihotalis Guenée, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 135, 1915.

Samoa. 1 ¢ (Henniger).

Upolu: Apia, 4 99, ii., 16, 17.11.1925, bred from fowl-house refuse.

HYDROCAMPINAE.

162. Nymphula foedalis Guenée.

Isopteryx foedalis Guenée, Spec. Gén., Lép., viii, p. 228, pl. 4, fig. 7, 1854.

Nymphula foedalis Guenée, Hampson, T'rans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1897, p. 140.

Samoa. 1 3g, 1 Q, ili—vili.1921 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Malololelei, 1 9, 25.ii.1924.

HETEROCERA. 259

163. Cataclysta dialitha, sp. n. (Plate XVII, fig. 6).

g:. Palpus light buff, first segment and proximal half of second fuscous.

Antenna, head, thorax, abdomen and legs light buff. Forewing white ; proximal

half of costa broadly fuscous, distal half light buff ; a patch of light buff at base

of wing, edged distad by a fuscous line from costa at one-fourth to inner margin

at one-sixth, concave tornad ; distal third of wing mostly light orange yellow

or buff yellow, with two white wedges from costa reaching as far as vein Cu,

(tornad), both with their proximal edges fuscous, only the distal one fuscous

distally ; a semicircle reaching from just before middle of inner margin to tornus,

its periphery touching lower margin of cell, fuscous on the white ground of the

wing, opalescent on the buff yellow distal part ; within the semicircle a distinct

fuscous V-shaped mark, point distad, one arm nearly parallel with inner margin ;

fringe light buff. Hindwing white; a patch of fuscous near base and inner

margin ; a short fuscous fascia at one-third, a longer one at one-half running

towards anal angle, near which there is an irregular patch of buff yellow;

terminal one-fourth of wing velvety fuscous black exhibiting four circular

opalescent white spots; fringe fuscous, light buff at edge. Underside similar,

markings less definite, forewing with proximal half lightly suffused with fuscous.

9. Similar, slightly larger.

Expanse: 12-14 mm.

Holotype ¢ and allotype 9. Savaii: Tuasivi, 9.11.1924.

Paratypes. Savaii: Tuasivi, 2 gg, 2 99, 9.11.1924, 21.x1.1925.

164. Baeoptila ellipes, sp. n. (Plate XVII, fig. 5).

2. Palpus white, dorsally shaded with fuscous black. Antenna, head,

thorax and abdomen (tergum) fuscous black. Pectus and venter cartridge buff.

Legs white ; fore and mid legs with tibia fuscous black distally, tarsus at middle

and tip ; hind tibia with a fuscous band just before middle, and trace of fuscous

distally, tarsus with a fuscous band at middle of first segment, and another at

beginning of second segment. Forewing fuscous, pattern in white fasciae,

broadly accentuated by fuscous black shading on each side; a white dash at

middle of costa, a white lunule on discocellulars, with an indistinct extension

to inner margin at two-thirds ; a subterminal fascia oblique from costa at three-

fourths through radial veins, then twice bowed (concavity basad) to tornus ;

termen slightly but sharply emarginate opposite the first bow in the subterminal

260 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

fascia, with the otherwise fuscous fringe white at that point. Hindwing fuscous,

with four fuscous black bars and a subterminal fascia similar to that on forewing.

Underside light buff up to subterminal fascia, the white and fuscous black

markings more pronounced ; fringes white.

Expanse: 8 mm.

3. Similar.

Holotype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, 28.vi.1924.

Allotype g. Tutuila: Amauli, 7.1x.1923 (Swezey).

Paratypes. Upolu: Malololelei, 3 99, 20, 28.v1.1924.

The material of the species of Baeoptila in our collections is insufficient to

make possible a proper investigation of the genus. The Samoan species here

described lacks one more radial vein than is the case in the type of the genus,

B. selenias Turner, Queensland, and in B. albipunctalis Warren, Assam and

Ceylon.

165. Ambia tendicularis Rebel.

Ambia tendicularis Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 135, pl. 1, fig. 1, 1915.

Ambia chrysogramma Hampson, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), xix, p. 459, 1917.

Upolu: Apia, 1 ¢ (Henniger); 1 92 (Friederichs); 2 gg, 31.v.1924;

Malololelei, 1 9, 2.vii.1924 (Armstrong) ; Vailima, 1 3, 8.vi.1924.

Savaii: Safune, 1 3, 30.iv.1924 (Bryan); Fagamalo, 2 gg, 3.vii.1924,

x1.1925 ; Tuasivi, 1 gf, 1 9, 9.11.1924.

Tutuila : Pago Pago, 1 3,1 9, v.1896 (de la Garde) ; 1 9, 9.1x.1923 (Swezey) ;

1g, 1 9, 14.x11.1925.; Amauli, 1 3, 9.ix.1923 (Swezey).

166. Ambia schistochaeta, sp. n. (Plate XV, fig. 8).

g. Palpus white, tinged with orange buff, the second segment shaded

dorsally and distally with fuscous black, the third with a trace of fuscous black

ventrally at two-thirds. Antenna “ schistochaetous,” 7.e., with each segment

bearing a pair of plumose pectinations on each side, cartridge buff, a trace of

fuscous black at base. Head white, frons orange buff with fuscous black shading.

Thorax white, anterior half shaded with fuscous black, tegula tipped with

fuscous black behind as well as in front, and some fuscous black shading on

metathorax. Abdomen (tergum) white shaded with orange buff and slight

traces of fuscous black. Pectus and venter white, the venter with an oblique

HETEROCERA. 261

lateral stripe at middle. Legs white; fore coxa, femur and tibia dorsally

fuscous black, mid leg fuscous black at femoro-tibial and tibio-tarsa] joints only,

hind leg fuscous black at tibio-tarsal joint.

Forewing white, with a brand on costa near middle, and with somewhat

irregularly wavy fasciae parallel with termen ; sub-basal fascia orange buff out-

lined with fuscous black ; antemedial fuscous black ; postmedial white tinged

with buff yellow near costa and between cell and inner margin, outlined in

fuscous black ; subterminal fascia fuscous black, with a projection to middle of

termen ; along the termen a fairly wide strip of buff yellow, interrupted below

Wing-apex, at middle and at tornus with fuscous black. Hindwing colouring

and pattern similar. Underside white, with only traces of the upperside pattern

marked out in fuscous black.

Expanse: 16 mm.

Holotype g. Tutuila: Pago Pago, 12.vii.1925.

167. Oligostigma villidalis Walker.

Oligostigma villidalis Walker, List. Lep. Ins. B. M., xvii, p. 435, 1859.

Upolu: Vailima, 2 99, 3.vi.1924, 2.1.1925.

Tutuila : Leone, 11.vi.1925.

168. Parthenodes eugethes, sp. n. (Plate XV, fig. 7).

. Palpus white, a trace of fuscous dorsally. Antenna honey yellow, shaft

white-scaled, dotted with fuscous. Head white, fuscous hair-scales occipitally.

Thorax xanthine orange, patagium with outer half white, inner half xanthine

orange. Abdomen (tergum) white, a dash of xanthine orange at middle of first

segment, a semi-circular patch of xanthine orange on second segment distally,

remaining segments, except the terminal two, shaded with old gold. Pectus and

venter white. Legs white, fore and mid legs with distal half of femur, proximal

half of tibia, proximal half of tarsal first segment, and the whole of tarsal seg-

ments two to five, fuscous ; fuscous on fore tibia extends down entire outer side.

Forewing white, glossy ; sub-basal and antemedial fasciae xanthine orange,

forming a Y-shaped figure across wing-base, antemedial deeply bowed (con-

cavity terminad); a large xanthine orange reniform spot at end of cell; a

curiously shaped postmedial fascia (cf. figure), xanthine orange edged in places

262 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

with fuscous, with an extension to middle of termen and thence along termen to

apex ; fringe white, except at middle of termen and apex. Hindwing white,

glossy ; a xanthine orange postmedial fascia from vein M; to anal angle, edged

distally with fuscous, longitudinally bisected, between veins M, and A,, by a broad

streak of rich velvety black, the scales having a bronze sheen at some angles.

Underside entirely white, glossy.

Expanse: 38 mm.

G. Similar, smaller.

Expanse : 22-30 mm.

Holotype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, 21.iv.1925.

Allotype g. Upolu: Malololelei, 24.11.1924.

Paratypes. Upolu: Malololelei, 1 3, 1.vi.1924 (Armstrong).

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 4, 11.1924 (Steffany).

169. Dracaenura agramma Meyrick.

Dracaenura agramma Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 229.

Dracaenura agramma Meyrick, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., \xxxv,

p. 430, 1910; Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 146, 1915.

Samoa. 3 gg, iii—vi.1921 (O'Connor) ; 3 gg, 1 9, including type ¢ and

allotype 2 (Mathew).

Upolu: Apia, 1 g (Lister); 2 gg, 1 9, v., vii.1896 (de la Garde); 2 33,

1 9, 24.x11.1922, 4.v.1924 (Armstrong); 2 gg, 13.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ;

1 3,1 9, 27.1.1924 ; Malololelei, 1 9, 24.vi.1924 (Armstrong) ; 2 94, 7, 11.vii.1925

(Wilder); 1 9, 26.iv.1924 (Bryan); 5 @g, 5 99, 22-25.11., 25, 28.vi.1924,

21.iv.1925; Malifa, 16 §g99, 28.v—7.viii.1905 (Rechinger); Vailima, 1 d,

14.1x.1922 (Armstrong) ; 2 gg, 13.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); 3 gd, 29.ii1.,

19.iv.1924; Mt. Vaea, 3 gg, 1 9, 25.iv.1924 (Bryan); Tuaefu, 1 g, 2 99,

16.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); Leulumoega, 1 3, 14.1x.1923 (Swezey and

Wilder).

Savai: Fagamalo, 1 g, 3.vii.1924 ; Tuasivi, 1 9, 8.11.1924.

Tutuila: 2 99, on board 8. Y. “ Valhalla,” 22.iv.1903 (Nicoll); 5 gg, 2 99,

iv., x.1918 (Kellers) ; Pago Pago, 4 gg, 10 99, 1., 11.1924 (Steffany), 1 3, 2 29,

10.1x.1923 (Swezey) ; Leone Rd., 2 gg, 6 99, 22.11.1926 (Judd) ; Amauli, 6 3d,

3 Q9, 6, 7, 9.1x.1923 (Swezey) ; Afono Trail, 1 4, 6.ix.1923 (Swezey).

Several specimens among those recorded above have the margins of the

HETEROCERA. 263

wings and the distal third of the abdomen suffused with fuscous. I can so far

find no structural differences between these somewhat striking variants and the

typical D. agramma, but as the variety seems prevalent I propose to give it the

name D. agramma ab. dolia ab. nov.

170. Dracaenura adela, sp. nov. (Plate XV, fig. 3).

2. Palpus fuscous, first segment and proximal half second segment white

ventrally. Antenna warm buff, dotted with fuscous. Head light buff to warm

buff. Thorax light buff, tinged with fuscous, patagium warm buff inwardly,

fuscous outwardly, tegula fuscous anteriorly. Abdomen light buff. Pectus

and venter light buff. Legs light buff, fore tibia fuscous, fore and mid femora

tipped with fuscous. Forewing naphthalene yellow, glossy, semi-translucent,

exhibiting a sort of metallic old gold appearance; costa broadly fuscous; a

fuscous dot just beyond middle of cell, and a fuscous discocellular lunule ; an

indistinct, straight, fuscous antemedial fascia at right angles to inner margin ;

a wavy fuscous postmedial fascia, its direction parallel with termen. Hindwing

naphthalene yellow, translucent, slightly suffused with fuscous over distal

third ; a fuscous discocellular lunule ; a fuscous postmedial fascia, converging

towards termen as it approaches anal angle. Underside similar to upperside,

without heavy fuscous scaling along costa.

g. Similar.

Expanse : 23-24 mm.

Holotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, 31.xi.1924.

Allotype g. Savaii: Safune, 15.v.1924 (Bryan).

171. Tatobotys biannulalis Walker.

Botys biannulalis Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xxxiv, p. 1439, 1865.

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, 13.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); Malololelei, 1 9,

28.v1.1924.

172. Bradina semnopa Meyrick.

Trematarcha semnopa Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 234.

Samoa. 3 QQ, 11.—vill.1921 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 1g, 1 9, v., vil.1896 (de la Garde) ; 2 Jd, 2 2°, 13, 14.1x.1923

(Swezey and Wilder); 444, 2 99, 27.1., 1, 10.11., 7.11., 4.x11.1924 ; Malololelei,

1 g, 10.vii.1922 (Armstrong) ; Aleipata, 1 3, 8.1v.1924; Vailima, 1 9, 14.ix.1922

264. INSECTS OF SAMOA.

(Armstrong) ; Tuaefu, 1 g, 1 9, 16.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ; Leulumoega,

1 3, 14.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).

Savai: Salailua, 1 9, 12.viil.1924; Safune, 1 4g, 1.v.1924 (Bryan) ;

Tuasivi, 1g, 1 9, 8.i1.1924.

Tutuila: Leone Rd., 1 9, 22.11.1926 (Judd).

173. Bradina leucura Hampson.

Bradina leucura Hampson, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1897, p. 200.

Bradina leucura Hampson, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 151, 1915.

Samoa. 1 @ (Friederichs).

Upolu: Malifa, 1 specimen (Rechinger).

Not represented in the collections before me.

174. Bradina chlorionalis, sp. nov. (Plate XV, fig. 4).

3d. Palpus fuscous, first segment and proximal half of second segment white

ventrally. Antenna buff yellow. Head fuscous. Thorax buff yellow shaded

with fuscous on tegula anteriorly. Abdomen (tergum) buff yellow, anal tuft

light buff. Pectus and venter buff yellow. Legs buff yellow, with some drab

shading on femoro-tibial joints, more extensive on foreleg. Forewing glossy,

with basal fourth buff yellow, remainder fuscous black with a blackish purple

sheen. Hindwing similarly coloured, but with the buff yellow extending down

inner margin to anal angle. Underside buff yellow, forewing with distal three-

fourths degraded as a result of the showing through of dark colour of upperside ;

hindwing with this effect less pronounced.

. Similar.

Expanse: 30 mm.

Holotype 9. Savaii: Fagamalo, 7.vi.1924.

Allotype 9. Savai: Safune, 1.v.1924 (Bryan).

Paratypes. Samoa. 1 4, i1.—vui.1921 (O’Connor).

Savaii: Safune, 3 gg, 4 29, 30.iv., 1.v.1924 (Bryan); Fagamalo, 4 34,

7.Vill.1924.

175. Bradina pycnolopha, sp. nov. (Plate XV, fig. 1).

G. Palpus fuscous, first segment and proximal half of second segment white

ventrally. Antenna light buff. Head with frons fuscous, vertex light buff.

HETEROCERA. 265

Thorax white, patagium and tegula cartridge buff. Abdomen (tergum) proximal

half white, distal half cartridge buff. Pectus white. Venter white proximally,

cartridge buff distally. Legs cartridge buff, fore femur distally, and tibia almost

entirely, fuscous. Forewing white, costa and termen with a cartridge buff

tint at certain angles, costa tinged with ochraceous buff along edge. Hindwing

white with a cartridge buff tint at certain angles. Underside similar, the costa

and termen tinged with ochraceous buff.

Expanse : 28 mm.

Q. Similar, slightly smaller. Colour more generally cartridge buff than

white, the termen of both wings shaded with drab.

Expanse : 26 mm.

Holotype g. Upolu: Malololelei, 21.iv.1925.

Allotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, 5.vii.1924.

Paratypes. Upolu: Apia, 1 3, 12.11.1924; Malololelei, 2 gg, 22, 27.vi.1924

(Armstrong) ; 4 99, vil., 7.vil.1925 (Wilder) ; 6 gg, 8 99, 14, 23, 24.11, 15.vi.,

5.vil., 24.1x., 29.xi.1924, 22.1v.1925.

Sava: 1 @, 21.xi.1925; Safune, 2 4, 1 9, rain forest, 2,000-4,000 feet,

3.v.1924 (Bryan).

176. Bradina leptolopha, sp. nov. (Plate XV, fig. 2).

¢. Palpus fuscous, first segment and proximal half of second segment white

ventrally. Antenna warm buff. Head pale olive buff, thorax white tinged

with ivory yellow, tegula in front shaded with fuscous. Abdomen, pectus

and venter white tinged with ivory yellow. Legs white tinged with ivory yellow,

fore tibia shaded with drab. Forewing translucent, glossy, ivory yellow ; costa

lightly shaded with fuscous ; discocellular lunule faintly indicated in fuscous.

Hindwing translucent, glossy, 1vory yellow. Underside similar.

Expanse: 30 mm.

Holotype g. Upolu: Malololelei, 22.vi.1924 (Armstrong).

Paratypes. Upolu: Malololelei, 2 33), 26.iv.1924 (Bryan) ; 1 9, 31.x1.1924.

Savaii: Safune, 1 g, rain forest, 2,000-4,000 feet, 3.v.1924 (Bryan).

177. Bradina acrospila Meyrick.

Epichronistis acrospila Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 261.

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, 23.11.1924 (Armstrong) ; Aleipata, 3 29, 8, 10.iv.1924.

1 (4) 7

266 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

178. Bradina modestalis Lederer.

Erilita modestalis Lederer, Wien. Ent. Monatschr., vii, p. 426, pl. 16, fig. 3, 1863.

Samoa. 3 99, i.—viii.1921 (O’Connor).

179. Bradina neuralis Hampson.

Bradina neuralis Hampson, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), xix, p. 4, 1907.

Bradina neuralis Hampson, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 135, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 3 gg, 4 99, 29.111, 1.vi.1924; Vailima, 5 gg, 1 9, 24.v.1924,

12.x11.1925 ; Mt. Vaea, 2 gg, 1 9, 1,100 feet, 25.iv.1924 (Bryan).

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 ¢ (type), v. 1896 (de la Garde) ; Afono Trail, 1 3,

6.1x.1923 (Swezey).

180. Bradina parbattoides, sp. n. (Plate VI, fig. 26).

g and 9. Palpus fuscous, first and second segments light buff proximally.

Antenna warm buff, dotted with fuscous. Head fuscous, light buff occipitally.

Thorax and abdomen light buff shaded with fuscous. Pectus fuscous in front,

otherwise light buff shaded with fuscous, venter light buff. Legs fuscous,

tibiae and tarsal segments tipped with light buff, hind tibia proximally light buff

as well as at tip. Forewing glossy, semi-translucent, tinged with naphthalene

yellow, heavily mottled with fuscous with a blackish purple sheen, leaving

prominent fasciae of ground-colour ; a short, broad, wavy antemedial fascia ;

a prominent black spot in middle of cell, and another, slightly larger and almost

reniform, at end of cell; postmedial fascia broad, wavy; veins streaked ter-

minally with naphthalene yellow ; fringe fuscous with naphthalene yellow streaks

interneurally and at vein ends. Hindwing naphthalene yellow, shaded distally

with fuscous, but leaving a wavy broad postmedial fascia of ground-colour,

the fuscous shading before it being very slight ; a fuscous discocellular lunule ;

fringe like that of forewing. Underside similar to upperside, smoother.

Expanse: 36 mm.

Holotype 3. Upolu: Malololelei, 18.vi.1924.

Allotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, 24.v1.1924.

Paratype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, 9.vi1.1924.

HETEROCERA. 267

181. Diathrausta lypera, sp. nov. (Plate XVII, fig. 4).

Labial palpus with third segment cartridge bufi, palpus tipped with cartridge

buff. Antenna cartridge buff at base only. Head with lower part of frons edged

with cartridge buff. Foreleg with tibia outwardly white, tarsus white. Mid leg

with tibia whitish outwardly, tarsal segments tipped with white. Hind leg

with tibia and tarsus white. Forewing with termen distinctly sinuate ; a few

scattered whitish scales in and below middle of cell ; faint indications of a straight

fuscous black antemedial fascia at right angles to inner margin ; a similar post-

medial fascia from costa at two-thirds to inner margin ; fringe chequered with

whitish. Hindwing fringe chequered with whitish. Underside with traces of

scattered whitish scales.

Expanse: 16 mm.

Holotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, 25.iv.1924.

182. Piletocera cyclospila Meyrick.

Diplotyla cyclospila Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 248.

Piletocera cyclospila Meyrick, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., lxxxv,

p. 430, 1910.

Piletocera cyclospila Meyrick, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxx, p. 146, 1915.

Samoa. 3 gd, including type (Mathew); 2 gg, 2 99, i—vi.1921

(O’Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 1 g, 1889 (Lister); 1 g, 13.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ;

1 9, 27.11.1924 ; Malololelei, 1 9, 2.vii.1924 (Armstrong) ; 3 99, vil., 7.x1.1925

(Wilder); 10 SY, 23 99, 22-25.ii., Ql-vi., 8, 9.vii.1924, 21, 22.iv.1925;

Vailima, 1 9, 14.1x.1922 (Armstrong) ; 1 9, 12.xi1.1925; Utumapu, Lanutoo Berg

(800 m.), Malifa, 2 gg, 2 99, 23.vi., 6.vi1.1905 (Rechinger).

Savai: Safune, 1 g, 1 9, lowlands to 1,000 feet, 1.v.1924 (Bryan) ; 2 99

2,000-4,000 feet, 3.v.1924 (Bryan) ; Tuasivi, 1 9, 8.11.1924.

Tutuila: 14 (Kellers) ; Pago Pago, 1434, 51 99, 14.1x., x.1923, 1., 11.1924,

17, 20, 22.11.1926 (Steffany) ; 1 9, 12.viil.1925.

183. Piletocera steffanyi, sp. nov. (Plate XVII, figs. 1, 2).

6. Palpus fuscous degraded to drab on inner side and ventrally. Antenna

with basal segment swollen, a kink at middle with a tuft of scales directed distad,

another kink at three-fourths, with a similar tuft of scales ; fuscous with a patch

of drab grey at one-fourth. Head fuscous and drab. Thorax fuscous.

268 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Abdomen (tergum) fuscous, some warm buff laterally, distal third swollen, white

to cartridge buff, with bushy extrusible terminal tuft. Pectus light buff, with

drab to fuscous in front. Venter light buff to cmnamon. Legs fuscous, with

some light buff on inner side, tibiae and tarsal segments tipped with light buff.

Forewing with anal vein deeply bowed (convexity costa), and inner margin

modified, bearing a curved spreading tuft of fine hair-scales on the underside ;

fuscous with a blackish purple sheen ; a round fuscous black spot in cell at two-

thirds, a small patch of warm buff, then a large subquadrate fuscous black spot

followed by another warm buff patch ; a medial shade running from the larger

spot to the inner margin ;_ an erratic fuscous black postmedial fascia edged distad

with warm buff (for its course, see figure). Hindwing light buff heavily suffused

with fuscous on distal third, less heavily below cell along inner margin, with

traces elsewhere ; a large ill-defined spot on discocellulars ; postmedial fascia

with a course somewhat similar to that of forewing postmedial fascia ; termen

edged with light buff; fringe fuscous drab grey distally. Underside fuscous

and light buff, markings prominent and similar in distribution to those of

upperside.

Q. Similar, but without modified forewing inner margin and distal part of

abdomen. Expanse: 30 mm.

Holotype g. Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1.1924 (Steffany).

Allotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, 24.11.1924.

Paratypes. Upolu: Malololelei, 1 9, 20.v.1922(Armstrong) ; 1 9, 24.11.1924,

21.iv.1926. :

Tutuila: 1 9 (Kellers) ; Pago Pago, g, 1 9, 1.1924 (Steffany).

184. Piletocera rechingeri, sp. n. (Plate XVII, fig. 3).

3. Palpus with first segment white, second segment hair brown dorsally,

white ventrally, third segment hair brown. Antenna hair brown, a tuft of

scales directed distad before the middle and another after. Head and thorax

hair brown. Abdomen hair brown inclined to fuscous. Pectus drab grey and

white. Venter light buff. Legs cartridge buff, femora and tibiae shaded with

drab grey. Forewing hair brown; a round white spot in cell at two-thirds, a

slightly larger oval white spot at discocellulars, with a hint of darker colour

before the spots ; postmedial fascia light buff, indistinct (for course cf. figure) ;

fringe drab grey. Hindwing hair brown, with a hint of darker colour at the end

of the cell ; postmedial fascia of the same type as that on forewing, but even less

HETEROCERA. 269

distinct ; fringe drab grey. Underside similar, with the dark marking in hindwing

cell more pronounced.

Expanse : 26 mm.

Q. Darker, more inclined to fuscous with markings more emphasised.

Expanse: 26 mm.

Holotype g. Upolu: Apia, 14.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).

Allotype 9. Upolu: Apia, 30.iv.1924.

Paratypes. Samoa. 1 Q, i1.—vii.1921 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 2 99, 18, 14.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); 1 3, 3 99, 7.11,

30.v., 1, 3.vi.1924.

Tutuila: 1 9, on board 8.Y. “ Valhalla,” 22.1v.1903 (Nicoll) ; Pago Pago,

13,2 99, 14.ix.1923 ; 1.1924 (Steffany) ; 1g, 1 9, 22.iii.1926 (Judd).

[Piletocera vestigialis Warren. |

Diplotyla vestigialis Warren, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), xvii, p. 144, 1896.

Piletocera vestigialis Warren, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., [xxxv,

p. 4380, 1910; Rebel, 2 Becheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 146, 1915.

Samoa. 1 specimen (Reincke).

Upolu: Malifa, gg, 99, 6-28.vi1., 7.viii.1905 (Rechinger).

I believe that these specimens recorded by Rebel belong to the new species

described above, P. rechingeri, as I cannot reconcile the latter with the descrip-

tion of any known species, but it certainly bears a resemblance to a drawing

I have seen of P. vestigialis.

185. Piletocera signiferalis Wallengren.

Isopteryx signiferalis Wallengren, Wien. Ent. Monatschr., iv, p. 175, 1860.

Piletocera signiferalis Wallengren, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1.,

Ixxxv, p. 430, 1910.

Piletocera signiferalis Wallengren, Rebel, 2 Beiheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxu, p. 146, 1915.

Samoa. 1,1 Q, ii.—vill.1921 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 2 99, 18.v.1922, 4.v.1924 (Armstrong); 4 gg, 5 99, 25.1.,

5, 10.i1., 6, 8, 22.v., 9.vi., 1.vi.1924.; Malololelei, 1 3, 29.x1.1924 ; Aleipata

1 3, 2 99, 5, 7.1v.1924 ; Motootua, 1 g (Rechinger) ; Nuutele, 1 9, 8.iv.1924.

Sava: Safune, 1 ¢, 30.iv.1924 (Bryan) ; Tuasivi, 3 gg, 8.11.1924.

Tutuila: 1 g (Kellers) ; Pago Pago, 1 9, 1.1924 (Steffany) ; 1 9, 9.1x.1923

(Swezey) ; Amauli, 1 9, 6.ix.1923 (Swezey). :

270 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

186. Piletocera xanthosoma Meyrick.

Strepsimela xanthosoma Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 249.

Piletocera xanthosoma Meyrick, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., |xxxv,

p. 480, 1910.

Piletocera xanthosoma Meyrick, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxu, p. 146, 1915.

Samoa. 1,1 9, type and allotype (Mathew).

Upolu: Apia, 1 3, 25.11.1922 (Armstrong); Malololelei, 4 gg, 2 29, 15,

22.11., 12.111., 5.vii.1924, 22.111., 21.1v.1925; Mt. Vaea, 1 gf, 1,100 feet, 25.1v.1924

(Bryan) ; Tuaefu, 3 29, 16.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).

Savaii: Safune, 1 g, 2 99, 1.v.1924 (Bryan).

Tutuila: 1g, 1 2 (Kellers) ; Pago Pago, 1 9, v.1896 (de la Garde); 1 3,

9.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ; Amauli, 1 9, 6.1x.1923 (Swezey).

Manua: Tau, 2 99, 27.1x.1923 (Swezey).

187. Piletocera albescens Rebel (Plate XVI, figs. 10, 11; Text-fig. 7).

Piletocera albescens Rebel, 2 Beiheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 135, pl. 1, fig. 11, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 1 § (Henniger), 1 2 (Friederichs) ; Malololelei, 3 gg, 1

: Q, 24, 25, Q7.vi., 2.vii.1924

(Armstrong); 10 gg, 20

QQ, 22-25.ii., 22.iii., 25.iv.,

3, 21, 23, 24.vi., 5-7, 13.vii.,

6,°. 12.vii. 1924; 27.22),

1925.

Text-fig. 7 shows vein

Re, free from the cell, and

not stalked with Rs; + Rg,

as is usual in the HyprRo-

CAMPINAE. It is for this

reason that a closely allied

species occurring in Fiji,

has been assigned to the

genus Nacoleia by Meyrick

(Nacoleva allocosma

Meyrick, subfamily

PYRAUSTINAE).

TEext-Fic. 7.—Purletocera albescens Rebel. Wing venation.

HETEROCERA. 271

188. Hoploscopa astrapias nauticorum, subsp. n.

(Plate VI, fig. 21; Plate XVIII, fig. 4).

Hoploscopa astrapias Meyrick, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 136, pl. 1,

fig. 12, 1915, non Meyrick.

g and. Differs from the typical subspecies (Hoploscopa astrapias astrapias

Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 268)—Plate XVIII, fig. 2—noticeably

in the following two features :

Lacks “a short white or yellow median streak from base to one-fifth ”’

(Meyrick) ; in its place, there is a triangular patch of scales, warm sepia with a

violet sheen.

The ‘‘ snow-white sinuate line, sometimes reduced to a row of dots, from

costa close before apex to inner margin at four-fifths, terminated beneath by a

short streak on the submedian fold’ (Meyrick), takes, in the Samoan sub-

species, the form of a thin dentate whitish fascia, accentuated distad by warm

sepia shading.

Holotype g. Upolu: Malololelei, 24.11.1924.

Allotype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, 21.iv.1925.

Paratypes. Upolu: Apia, 1 3, x.1925; Malololelei, 2 gg, 2 99, 11.1923,

2.vil., 18.vill.1924 (Armstrong); 4 gg,10 dd, 22, 24, 25.11, 22.i11., 24, 28.Vvi.,

18.vill., 29.x1.1924, 21.iv., 21.1x.1925.

In September, 1930, Miss L. E. Cheesman took on the island of Tanna, in

the New Hebrides, a series of what appears to be another subspecies of H.

astrapias, intermediate between the Samoan and the Fijian subspecies (cf.

Plate XVIII, figs. 2, 3, 4). It lacks the sharply defined subterminal fascia

of the typical subspecies, but this fascia is constantly more prominently white

than in H. a. nauticorum, and exhibits a similar dentate appearance. I propose

to call it Hoploscopa astrapias anamesa, subsp. n. (Plate XVIII, fig. 3).

189. Clupeosoma lampra, sp. nov. (Plate XV, fig. 9).

9. Palpus chestnut brown, first segment and base of second segment

ventrally, white. Antenna honey yellow, shaft with warm buff scaling, dotted

with fuscous. Head light buff, lower edge of frons ochraceous orange. Thorax

ochraceous orange. Abdomen warm buff. Pectus warm buff, some white,

edged below with fuscous, in front. Venter warm buff. Forewing ochraceous

272 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

orange ; a slight fuscous mark on anal vein at one third, and another at middle

of inner margin; a fuscous discocellular streak ; a fuscous postmedial fascia,

obtusely dentate basad on veins, almost parallel with termen from costa to vein

M,, then bowed (concavity basad) to vein Cup, then straight to tornus crossing

anal vein at right angles; termen marked at vein ends with fuscous; fringe

fuscous, streaked with warm buff. Hindwing pale orange yellow, shaded

beyond the cell, from apex to vein Cug, with ochraceous orange; a fuscous

postmedial fascia almost straight and converging toward termen from vein M,

to just below vein Cug, here curved slightly basad before ending. Underside

pale to light orange yellow.

Expanse : 22 mm.

Holotype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, 24.11.1924.

190. Clupeosoma photina, sp. nov. (Plate XV, fig. 10).

9. Palpus fuscous black with a blackish green blue sheen, first segment

and base of second segment ventrally, white. Antenna honey yellow, shaft

clothed with warm buff scales. Head with vertex primrose yellow, frons car-

tridge buff edged below with fuscous black. Thorax primrose yellow tinged

with orange yellow, patagium and tegula edged outwardly in front with fuscous

black with a blackish green blue sheen. Abdomen light to warm buff. Pectus

warm buff with some white on it in front. Venter warm buff. Foreleg with

femur light yellow, tibia fuscous black with a dash of white proximally, and

tipped with white, tarsus with first segment white, rest warm buff; mid leg

with femur warm buff, tibia white with a light orange yellow longitudinal streak

edged inwardly on proximal half with fuscous black, tarsus warm buff with

a little white. Forewing light orange yellow, deeper tinted round the margins,

costal margin broadly edged with fuscous black with a blackish purple sheen ;

a fuscous black dot at middle of upper margin of cell merging into costal stripe,

and a larger, subtriangular spot on discocellulars also touching costal stripe ;

a postmedial series of fuscous black dots (on veins), further from termen at costa

than at inner margin, the first one or two not entirely separate and distinctly

set basad. Hindwing light orange yellow, deeper tinted beyond the postmedial

series of fuscous black dots lying on veins M, to Cuy. Underside light orange

yellow.

Expanse : 22 mm.

Holotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei , 24.11.1924.

HETEROCERA. 273

PYRAUSTINAE,

191. Sufetula choreutalis Snellen.

Pseudochoreutes choreutalis Snellen, Tijdschr. v. Ent., xxii, p. 202, 1880; xxvi, pl. 6, figs. 8, 8a,

1883.

Samoa. 1 3, 1920 (O'Connor).

Upolu: 1 9, 23.v1.1924; Apia, 3 gg, i1., 28.1v.1924, iv.1925.

192. Sufetula hemiophthalma Meyrick (Plate XVII, fig. 7).

Diplopseustis hemiophthalma Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1884, p. 286.

3g. Palpus cartridge buff, second segment shaded with clove brown.

Antenna light buff with traces of clove brown. Head, thorax, abdomen, pectus

and venter cartridge buff to light buff, with sometimes a trace of clove brown

irroration, particularly at middle of venter. Legs cartridge buff, with clove

brown shading, fore tibia and tarsus shaded, other legs with spots of shading

on extremities of tibiae, on spurs, and on tarsal segments. Forewing cartridge

buff to light buff, the costal margin broadly shaded with clove brown, leaving

three small semicircles of ground-colour on costa between middle and postmedial

fascia ; a wavy antemedial fascia at one-third, outlined in clove brown ; a pro-

minent clove brown spot on discocellulars ; a postmedial fascia outlined in clove

brown, from costa at three-fourths to inner margin at three-fourths with a kink

at vein M, forming a projection terminad ; a pre-terminal clove brown line,

touching the termen at the veins; a very faint clove brown terminal edging,

the fringe with a line through it and some patchy shading. Hindwing similar,

without antemedial fascia. Underside like upperside. Sometimes some general

fuscous irroration.

Expanse: 9-12 mm.

Upolu: Apia, 1 g, 31.v.1924; Malololelei, 2 gg, 4 QQ, iv., 25, 28.v1.1924 ;

Aleipata, 1 g, 1 9, xi.1924.

Savaii: Fagamalo, 2 gg, vili.1924, x1.1925.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 9, 14.xi1.1925.

Meyrick (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1884, p. 284) described the genus Diplo-

»seustis, in which he included two species, D. minima Butler, originally Cymoriza

minima, and a new species D. hemiophthalma. Hampson, in his Revision of the

274 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

EnporricuHinaE (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1896, p. 489) cited as type of

Diplopseustis, Walker’s Ambia ? perieresalis, under which he sinks Cymoriza

minima Butler. Later Hampson, in his Revision of the PyraustinaE (Proc.

Zool. Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 614), placed D. hemiophthalma in Sufetula, where it

appears to belong; it certainly seems more closely related to S. sunidesalis

Walker than to D. perieresalis Walker, so I have followed Hampson. I originally

described the Samoan material as new, as it did not seem to agree with

Meyrick’s description, but I have come to the conclusion, after examining Fijian

examples identified by Meyrick as D. hemiophthalma, that the Samoan insect is the

same species. I have retained my description of the pattern and colour, as,

with the figure, it may prove useful in drawing attention to the points which are

difficult to follow in comparing the insects with the description.

193. Aulacoptera fuscinervalis Swinhoe.

Aulacophora fuscinervalis Swinhoe, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), xvi, p. 300, 1895.

Samoa. 1 9, 1920 (O’Connor).

The name Aulacophora as used by Swinhoe seems to be a nomen nudum ;

in any case it had been used previously in the Coleoptera (Chevrolet, 1834 ;

Clark, 1865).

194. Rehimena cissophora Turner.

Entephria cissophora Turner, Trans. Roy. Soc. 8. Austral., xxii, p. 88, 1908.

Upolu: Apia, 2 gg, 13.iv.1924 (Armstrong); Aleipata, 1 9, 7.iv.1924;

Vailima, 1 9, 2.1.1925 ; Mt. Vaea, 10, 25.iv.1924 (Bryan).

Savaii: Safune, 2 99, lowlands to 1,000 feet (Bryan).

195. Hymenia recurvalis Fabricius.

Phalaena recurvalis Fabricius, Syst. Ent., p. 644, 1775.

Phalaena Pyralis fascialis Stoll in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen, iv (34), p. 236 and index, pl. 398, fig. O,

1782.

Upolu: Apia, 3 jg, 1 9, 11.iv.1922, 4, 6, 8.v.1924 (Armstrong); 2 gd,

1 9, 13-15.ix.1923 (Wilder) ; 1 g, 1 9, 30.i., ix.1924; Malololelei, 3 gg, 2 29,

23, 25.11., 23, 25.vi., 5.vii.1924; Lalomanu, Aleipata, 1 3, x1.1924.

Savaii: Tuasivi, 1 3, 8.111924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 g, ii.1924 (Steffany); Amauli, 1 9, 9.ix.1923

(Swezey).

HETEROCERA. 275

196. Eurrhyparodes tricoloralis Zeller.

Botys tricoloralis Zeller, Lep. Micropt. Caffr., p. 31, 1852; K. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl.,

Ixxil, p. 31, 1854.

Samoa. 14.

Upolu: Apia, 1 g, 24.xi1.1922 (Armstrong); 3 gg, 1 Q, ii., 25.1i1., 21.iv.,

19.vi1.1924 ; Malololelei, 1 ¢, 8.v.1924.

Savaiu: Tuasivi, 1 g, 9.11.1924.

197. Pagyda perlustralis Rebel.

Pagyda perlustralis Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 137. pl. 1, fig. 9, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 1 9 (Friederichs) ; Malololelei, 1 3, 1 9, 21.vi.1924, 21.iv.1925.

198. Ercta ornatalis Duponchel.

Asopia ornatalis Duponchel, in Godart, H. N. Lépid. France, viii (2), p. 207, pl. 223, fig. 8, 1832.

Ercta ornatalis Duponchel, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 137, 1915.

Samoa. 1 ¢ (Henniger).

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, ix.1924; Aleipata, 1 g, 8.iv.1924.

Savai: Tuasivi, 1 g, 2 29, 8.11.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 3, v.1896 (de la Garde).

199. Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenée.

Salbia medinalis Guenée, Spec. Gén. Lép., viii, p. 201, 1854.

Upolu: Aleipata, 1 gf, 1 9, 8, 10.iv.1924.

Tutuila: Amauli, 1 g, 6.1x.1923 (Swezey).

200. Marasmia venilialis Walker.

Asopia venilialis Walker, List. Lep. Ins. B. M., xvii, p. 373, 1859.

Marasmia venilialis Walker, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 137, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 1 ¢ (Friederichs) ; 1 2, 28.x.1923 (Armstrong) ; 5 33, 4 99,

li., 10.ii., 31.v., 4.xi1.1924 ; Malololelei, 4 99, 25.11., vil., 5.vii.1924; Mt. Vaea,

1 9, 25.iv.1924 (Bryan) ; Tuaefu, 1 9, 16.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 9, 1.1924 (Steffany) ; Amauli, 1 3, 1 9, 9.1x.1923

(Swezey).

276 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

201. Marasmia trebiusalis Walker.

Botys trebiusalis Walker, List. Lep. Ins. B. M., xviii, p. 718, 1859.

Epimima stereogona Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 236.

Upolu: Apia, 1 g, 1 9, 13.iv., 4.v.1924 (Armstrong) ; 2 gg, 6 29, 16, 22,

31l.v., l.vii.1924; Malololelei, 1 9, 25.1v.1924; Aleipata, 1 gf, 7.1v.1924; Mt.

Vaea, 1 9, 1,100 feet, 25.iv.1924 (Bryan).

Savan: Safune, 2 99, lowlands to 1,000 feet, 30.1v., 1.v.1924 (Bryan).

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 9, 12.viii.1925.

202. Marasmia trapezalis Guenée.

Salbia trapezalis Guenée, Spec. Gén. Lép., viti, p. 200, 1854.

Upolu: Lalomanu (Aleipata), 2 99, xi.1924.

203. Syngamia floridalis Zeller.

Stenia floridalis Zeller, Lep. Microptera Caffr., p. 60, 1852; K. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl.,

Ixxiii, p. 60, 1854.

Syngamia floridalis Zeller, Rebel, 2 Beiheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 152, 1915.

Samoa. 1 ¢ (Friederichs).

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, 6.v.1924 (Armstrong); 1 ¢; Siumu, 1 Q, 24.11.1923

(Armstrong).

Tutuila: 1 J, 23.1v.1903 (Nicoll) ; Pago Pago, 1 gf, 14.x11.1925; Amauh,

1 3, 1 9, 7.1x.1923 (Swezey).

204. Leucophotis pulchra Butler (Plate XVI, fig. 5).

Leucophotis pulchra Butler, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 426.

Upolu: Apia, 2 §g, 10, 11.11.1923 (Armstrong); Malololelei, 1 g, 1 9,

11.vui.1925 (Wilder) ; 3 gg, 2 29, 24.i1., iv., 18.vi.1924, 1.1.1925.

205. Phostria oconnori, sp. n. (Plate VI, fig. 23; Plate XVI, fig. 7).

g. Palpus with first segment white, hair brown at apex dorsally only,

second segment hair brown, white ventrally for proximal one-fourth only, third

HETEROCERA. 277

segment hair brown. Antenna honey yellow, the shaft clothed with light drab

scales. Head and thorax warm buff to antimony yellow. Abdomen drab,

warm buff over proximal third. Pectus light buff, white in front. Vertex

light to warm buff. Legs with femora white shaded with light drab to hair brown ;

fore tibia with proximal third light buff, rest hair brown, tipped with white

distally, mid tibia white shaded with light drab dorsally ; hind tibia light buff ;

fore tarsus white, each segment tipped with hair brown to drab grey, mid and hind

tarsi white tinged with light to warm buff. Forewing hair brown approaching

fuscous, with a faint purplish sheen ; a trace of warm buff and white at base ;

a wavy antemedial fascia ending in a white subtriangular patch on inner margin ;

a fuscous dot in cell at two-thirds, with a fuscous streak on discocellulars ; a

broad white postmedial fascia, oblique from costa at two-thirds to lower angle

of cell, then wavy in a direction at right angles to inner margin, which it reaches

at two-thirds ; some white in fringe at tornus. Hindwing hair brown ; a broad,

slightly sinuous postmedial fascia ; fringe white tinged with light buff towards

wing-apex, a dark stripe running through its base. Underside forewing

similar, but with hair brown extending beyond end of cell and so reducing

breadth of postmedial fascia between costa and vein Cu,; hindwing with white

spreading (below the cell) to wing-base, broken by traces of hair brown shading

veins Cu, and As.

Expanse : 36 mm.

®. Similar, but with the forewing warm buff densely irrorated with fuscous

to produce a snuff-brown effect ; fasciae produced by reduction in irroration,

with no trace of white; hindwing fuscous, with a much reduced buff fascia ;

fringe as in male. Underside pattern as in male, but underlying colour buff,

warm in forewing, light in hindwing.

Expanse : 40 mm.

Holotype g. Upolu: Malololelei, 21.iv.1925.

Allotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, 2.vii.1924 (Armstrong) .

Paratypes. Samoa. 1,1 9, 1920 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, 13.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); 1 3,1 9, x.1925;

Malololelei, 1 3, 1 9, 20.v.1922, 1.vii.1924 (Armstrong); 13 $4, 7 99, 13, 22,

24.ii., 22.ii1., 7-vii.1924, 21, 22.iv.1925.

278 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

206. Nacoleia diemenalis Guenée.

Asopia diemenalis Guenée, Spec. Gén. Lép., vill, p. 203, 1854.

Nacoleia diemenalis Guenée, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., \xxxv,

p. 480, 1910; 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 146, 1915.

Samoa. 1 Q, ili.—viii.1921 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 1g, 2 99, 15, 16.v.1924 (Armstrong) ; 14 gg, 5 99, 12, 14,

16-19.vi.1924 ; Lalomanu, Aleipata: 2 gd, 1 9, xi.1924; Aleipata, 2 99,

8.1v., Iv., v.1924.

Nuutele: 1 9, 8.1v.1924.

Savai: Safune, 1 g, 30.iv.1924 (Bryan).

Tutuila: 1 9, vil.1917 (Kellers) ; 1¢, 1 9, v.1896 (de la Garde) ; Pago Pago,

2 99, 14.xii.1925.

A bean pest.

207. Nacoleia octasema Meyrick.

Notarcha octasema Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 259.

Upolu: Apia, 2 gg, 2 92, 19, 21, 23.v.1924; Malololelei , 1 9, 2.vu.1924

(Armstrong).

Tutuila.: 1 9, on board 8.Y. ‘“ Valhalla,” 22.1v.1903 (Nicoll) ; Pago Pago,

253, 1 9, 11.1924 (Steffany).

Manua: Tau, 2 gg, ex banana, 13, 27.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).

The dark red-brown larva makes webs among young bananas, especially

high up in the space between the fruits. The larva eats through the skin and the

young fruit dies, or, in less severe cases is left scabby and twisted. Often

a whole bunch is spoilt, nothing being left but a few scarred and scabby frag-

ments. The pupa is found in a web between the bananas. In Bull. Ent. Res.,

Xvi, p. 29, fig. 1, Hopkins illustrates the damage done by the larvae of this

moth to bananas.

208. Authaeretis exaereta, sp. n. (Plate XIII, fig. 6; Plate XVI, fig. 8).

g and 2. Palpus with first segment white, second drab to buff brown, a

little white at base ventrally, third drab to buffy brown. Antenna honey brown,

shaft clothed with avellaneous scales. Thorax drab, vinaceous buff posteriorly.

Abdomen (tergum) light buff to vinaceous buff. Pectus and venter white.

Legs white to cartridge buff, foreleg tinged with light buff, fore tibia with distal

HETEROCERA. 279

half shaded with buffy brown, fore tarsal segments distally lightly shaded with

drab. Forewing drab to buffy brown, costa shaded in the darker colour ;

a whatish ill-defined crenate antemedial fascia, edged terminad with buffy brown ;

a round spot in cell at three quarters, surrounded with whitish and with a whitish

centre, and similar oval spot at end of discocellulars ; a whitish subterminal

fascia from just below costa to vein Cuy, along Cu; to below end of cell, then wavy

to middle of inner margin, edged basad with buffy brown. Hindwing similar

in colour, inner margin broadly whitish ; traces of a discocellular spot ; post-

medial fascia similar in course to that on forewing. Underside whitish, with

traces of weak shading of a greyish olive tint.

Expanse: 34 mm.

Holotype 3, allotype 2, 9 paratypes (7 gd, 2 29).

Upolu: Malololelei, 5—7.vu1.1924.

209. Sylepta sabinusalis Walker.

Botys sabinusalis Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xvii, p. 708, 1859.

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, 28.vi.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 2 gg, 11.1924 (Steffany) ; 1g, 1 9, 20, 21.1x., emerged

3, 4.x.1923, ex Pipturus (Swezey and Wilder) ; Amauli, 1 g, 6.1x.1923 (Swezey).

210. Sylepta derogata Fabricius.

Phalaena derogata Fabricius, Syst. Ent., p. 641, 1775.

Upolu: Apia, 1 g, 12.11.1923 (Armstrong) ; 1 9, 14.ix.1923 (Swezey and

Wilder) ; 2 99, 8.iv., 17.vi.1924, 23.v.1925.

Savaii: Safune, 1 9, lowlands to 1,000 feet, 1.v.1924 (Bryan).

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 9, v.1896 (de la Garde).

One of two females brought back by Buxton and Hopkins bears a label :

23.v.1925, bred from the curled leaves of a common tree, Hibiscus tuliaceus.

211. Sylepta commotes, sp. n. (Plate XVI, fig. 6).

Q. Palpus fuscous. Antenna bone brown, shaft with fuscous scales.

Head fuscous, behind antenna snuff brown to fuscous. Thorax fuscous with a

280 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

dull purplish black gloss. Abdomen (tergum) fuscous, darkening to fuscous

black distally. Pectus warm buff, fuscous in front. Venter warm buff with

some hair brown shading proximally on last few segments. Legs with femora

warm buff with slight fuscous shading ; tarsal segments blackish brown, tipped

with warm buff; fore tibia blackish brown, with a warm buff transverse fascia

medially and traces of warm buff distally ; middle tibia shaded dorsally with

blackish brown, distally tipped warm buff; hind tibia warm buff with some

blackish-brown shading. Forewing deep slaty brown with a dull purplish black

gloss, the pattern is fuscous black to blackish brown ; an interrupted antemedial

fascia ; a dot in middle of cell, with a spot in discocellulars; a postmedial

fascia (for course cf. figure) dentate on veins M, to Cu, ; a subterminal fascia

emphasised interneurally ; a pre-terminal series of prominent dots at vein-ends,

with extensions into fringe, producing there a chequered effect. Hindwing light

drab, densely suffused with fuscous, the postmedial and subterminal fasciae and

the fringe chequering in denser shading. Underside light drab uniformly suffused

with fuscous, the markings not prominently emphasised.

Expanse : 32-34 mm.

Holotype 2. Upolu: Apia, ix.1924.

Paratype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, x.1925.

212. Agathodes rebeli, sp. n. (Plate XVI, fig. 2).

Agathodes ostentalis Geyer, Rebel, 2 Beiheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 152, 1915, non

Geyer.

g and 9. Palpus xanthine orange. Antenna cinnamon brown, shaft with

warm buff scales. Head light orange yellow, xanthine orange at sides of frons.

Thorax xanthine orange. Abdomen with basal segment glossy white, the rest

xanthine orange to amber brown, mixed with magenta or Indian lake, warm

buff distally. Pectus glossy white. Venter glossy white, tinged over distal

two-thirds with light orange yellow. Legs glossy white. Forewing with

proximal two-thirds broadly glossy white, rest of wing light orange yellow tinged

with xanthine orange, broken up by a broad irregular longitudinal patch of

Indian lake through the distal two-thirds (for distribution of pattern see figure) ;

parts of the Indian red patch are edged with opalescent white lines; a fine

silvery white line before termen (not always present) ; fringe sometimes light

orange yellow to xanthine orange, or Indian red. Hindwing light orange

yellow. Underside light orange yellow.

———— ee ee

HETEROCERA. 281

Holotype g. Samoa. ii—vii.1921 (O’Connor).

Allotype 2. Upolu: Apia, 1 9, ix.1924.

Rebel in 1915 recorded a single 9, taken by Friederichs, as A. ostentalis

Geyer (cf. Plate XVI, fig. 1).

213. Chloauges woodfordi Butler.

Chloauges woodfordit Butler, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), xv, p. 241, 1885.

Samoa. 1 4, 2 QQ, i.—vii.1921 (O’Connor).

Not synonymous with C. swralis Lederer, as stated by Hampson (Proc.

Zool. Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 738). C. suralis is larger, and has much more rugged

termina to the wings. The whole genus Margarona needs investigating, as

Hampson has distributed the green species in little batches at odd places through-

out his arrangement. Quite apart from their general superficial resemblance;

with the doubtful exception of C. swralis, C. woodfordw and possibly one or two

others, the green species of Margaronia appear to me to form a perfectly homo-

geneous group, and I have therefore here kept them apart in the genus Chloauges,

erected by Lederer in 1863 for C. suralis.

214. Chloauges brunneomarginalis Kenrick (Plate XVI, fig. 3).

Glyphodes brunneomarginalis Kenrick, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1907, p. 84, pl. iv., fig. 176.

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, 18.v.1922 (Armstrong).

215. Margaronia mysteris Meyrick.

Cydalima mysteris Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 223.

Upolu: Apia, 2 99, 29.iii., 19.ix.1922 (Armstrong); 2 gg, 1 9, x.1925 ;

Malololelei, 2 99, vii.1925 (Wilder) ; 4 gg, 2 29, 24.11., 6.vil.1924.

Tutuila : Pago Pago, 1 3,1 9, 14.ix., x.1923 (Steffany) ; Amauli, 17.11.1926

Judd).

Rebel (2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, pp. 187, 138, 1915) has

recorded one specimen (2) from Apia (Friederichs) as Caprinia conchylalis Guenée,

and one (9) from Samoa (Henniger), as Glyphodes laticostalis Guenée. He

11 (4) 8

282 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

suggests, following EK. Hering (Stett. ent. Zeit., xii, p. 240, 1901), that these two

names are synonymous, and this seems not unlikely, but one cannot prove it

without Guenée’s types. Rebel cites C. mysteris Meyrick, as a synonym of

C. conchylalis Guenée, but this can hardly be so if conchylalis = laticostalis, as

there are certainly two species involved; in any case I am satisfied that the

Samoan specimens agree with Meyrick’s New Hebridean C. mysteris.

216. Margaronia indica Saunders.

Eudioptes indica Saunders, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1850-1851 (new series, i), p. 163, pl. 12, figs. 5-7,

1851.

Gite indica Saunders, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., Ixxxv,

p- 431, 1910; 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxil, p. 146, 1915.

Samoa. 1 3, labelled “ Navigators’ Isles.”’ 1 9, iii.—viii.1921 (O'Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 1 3, v.1896 (de la Garde); 1 9, 4.v.1924 (Armstrong) ;

1 g, 14.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); 3 go, 2 99, 10.ii., 10.v., 25.viii., 1.ix.,

2.xi.1924 ; Lalomanu, Aleipata, 1 9, xi.1924; Malifa and Vaimea, 4 specimens,

vi.1905 (Rechinger).

Sava: Safune, 1g, 1 9, 30.iv., 3.v.1924 (Bryan).

Tutuila: 1 9, 23.iv.1903 (Nicoll) ; Pago Pago, 1 3, 6.1x.1923 (Swezey) ;

1 9, 14.xii.1925.

Manua: Tau, 1 J, 20.11.1926 (Judd) ; 1 9, 27.ix.1923 (Swezey).

A cucumber pest in Samoa.

217. Margaronia diplocyma Hampson (Plate XVI, fig. 9).

Glyphodes diplocyma Hampson, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), x, p. 570, 1912.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 9, ii.1924 (Steffany).

218. Margaronia oceanitis Meyrick.

Margarodes oceanitis Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc., Lond., 1886, p. 222.

Glyphodes glauculalis Guenée, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., p. 188, 1915, non

Guenée.

Samoa. 1 9 (Henniger); 1g, 1 9, iii—viii.1921 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 13,1 9 (Friederichs) ; 2g, 3 99, 18.v.1922, 19, 24, 26.iii.,

2.1V.1924 (Armstrong) ; 1 3, 5.iv.1925; Malololelei, 1 9, 24.11.1924.

Tutuila : Pago Pago, 1 3, 1 9, x.1923, 1.1924 (Steffany).

HETEROCERA. 283

219. Margaronia samoana Swinhoe.

Margaronia samoana Swinhoe, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), xviii, p. 414, 1906.

Glyphodes itysalis Walker, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., I[xxxv,

p. 431, 1910, non Walker.

Glyphodes samoana Swinhoe, Rebel, 2 Beiheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 138, 1915.

Samoa. 1 Q, type, no other data.

Upolu: Apia, 1 Q (Friederichs); 1 9, 13.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder) ;

1 3g, 1 Q, 30.v.1924, 7.vili.1925; Malololelei, 2 99, 24.i1., 21.vii1924; Malifa,

1 3, 1 9, 6.vi., 6.vill.1905 (Rechinger).

Tutuila : Pago Pago, 1 3, 1 9, 1.1924 (Steffany).

220. Margaronia buxtoni, sp. n. (Plate XVI, fig. 4).

3. Palpus outwardly with first segment fuscous dorsally, white ventrally,

second segment fuscous with proximal third ventrally white, third segment

light orange yellow. Maxillary palpus proximally fuscous, distally light orange

yellow. Antenna honey yellow, shaft with warm buff scales, but with the second

fourth clothed with loose hair brown hair-scales. Head white, frons tinted with

light orange yellow, with a medial fuscous stripe and the sides shaded with

fuscous, vertex light orange yellow medially. Thorax white, patagium snuft

brown outwardly, white medially, light orange yellow inwardly ; tegula shaded

outwardly with snuff brown ; mesonotum and metanotum with a medial light

orange yellow longitudinal stripe. Abdomen (tergum) white with a broad

medial light orange yellow stripe; anal tuft fuscous. Pectus and venter

white. Foreleg light orange yellow, mid and hindlegs white to cartridge buff.

Forewing white, opalescent, with an extensive pattern (see figure) in light orange

yellow, xanthine orange, snuff brown and warm sepia; the opalescent streak

across middle of cell and that at discocellulars with a mixed pale turquoise green

and pale caerulean blue sheen, the other opalescence (including the streak before

the discocellulars) with a mixed pale violet blue and purple sheen ; fringe white,

fuscous at wing-apex. Hindwing similarly coloured, opalescence pale violet

blue and purple, pattern (see figure) confined to distal third ; fringe white the

section about vein Cu, to A, fuscous black at its base, edged with fuscous, with

a silvery gloss. Underside white, those parts opalescent on upper side corres-

pondingly opalescent, all the opalescence being mixed pale violet blue and purple.

Hxpanse : 29 mm.

284 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

2. Similar, with simple antennae and no anal tuft.

Holotype g. Upolu: Malololelei, 6.vii.1924.

Allotype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, 22.11.1924.

Paratypes. Upolu: Malololelei, 1 J, 1 9, 6, 7.vii.1924.

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 g, 1 fragment, x.1923 (Steffany).

221. Margaronia deliciosa Butler.

Glyphodes deliciosa Butler, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), xx, p. 118, 1887.

Manua: Tau, 1 3, 23.11.1926 (Judd).

222. Margaronia multilinealis Kenrick.

Glyphodes multilinealis Kenrick, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1907, p. 83, pl. 4, fig. 173 ; Rebel, Denkschr.

K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., |xxxv, p. 431, 1910.

Upolu: Malifa, 1 9, 15.viii.1905 (Rechinger).

223. Margaronia virginalis Rebel.

Glyphodes virginalis Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxii, p. 188, pl. 1, fig. 2, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 2 9° (Friederichs); 1 g, 1 9, 23.iv.1922, 1.vii.1924 (Arm-

strong); 1 g, 1 9, x.1925; Malololelei, 1 g, 2 99, vii.1925 (Wilder); 4 33,

8 OO, 24.11., 28.vi., 5, 6.vil.1924.

224. Margaronia juvenalis Rebel.

Glyphodes juvenalis Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 152, 1915.

Samoa. 1 Q (Friederichs).

Upolu: Apia, 2 $3, x.1925 ; Malololelei, 1 9, 25.11.1924.

225. Epipagis cancellalis Zeller.

Botys cancellalis Zeller, Lep. Micropt. Caffr., p. 34, 1852; K. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl.,

Ixxili, p. 34, 1854.

Sameodes cancellalis Zeller, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. Kl., \xxxv,

p. 4381, 1910; 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 146, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 1 g, 13.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); 2 gg, 1 9, 20.11.,

21.ix., 31.v.1924; Malifa, 1 9, 20.vii.1905 (Rechinger); Mulifanua, 1 9,

2.vi.1924; Vailima, 1 4, xi.1925; Leulumoega, 4 gg, 1 9, 14.ix.1923 (Swezey

and Wilder).

Savail: Fagamalo, 1 9, 10.11.1924.

HETEROCERA. 285

226. Thliptoceras octoguttalis Felder.

Botys octoguttalis Felder, Reise Novara, Zool. ii (2), Lep. v, pl. 135, fig. 38, 1875.

Upolu: Malololelei, 1 9, 25.11.1924.

227. Terastia meticulosalis Guenée.

Terastia meticulosalis Guenée, Spec. Gén. Lép., viii, p. 212, 1854.

Terastia meticulosalis Guenée, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., |xxxv,

p. 4381, 1910; 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 146, 1915

Upolu: Apia, 2 99, 14, 21.ix.1924 (Armstrong); 2 99, 13, 14.ix.1923, ex

Erythrina seeds (Swezey and Wilder) ; 1 9, 4.v.1925; Malololelei, 1 9, 24.11.1924.

228. Hyalobathra wilderi, sp. n. (Plate VI, fig. 22).

Isocentris illectalis Walker, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., Ixxxv,

p. 431, 1910; 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxui, p. 146, 1915, non Walker.

g. Light orange yellow to deep chrome, underside light buff with some

white. Palpus with first segment white ventrally. Antenna warm buff.

Fore tarsus with segments white, tipped distally with buff yellow. Forewing

with a deeply bowed (concavity basad) wavy, fuscous antemedial fascia, not

well marked ; a fuscous streak along discocellulars ; a wavy fuscous postmedial

fascia oblique from costa at two-thirds to vein M,, bowed (concavity basad)

to middle of vein Cu,, then running basad to vein Cu, at two-thirds, thence to

inner margin just beyond middle, bowed between Cuz and A», and A, and inner

margin; a subterminal series of fuscous spots interneurally ; fringe cartridge

buff with a fine fuscous line throughout its base. Hindwing similarly coloured,

proximal two-thirds much paler, especially costad; postmedial fascia and

subterminal fascia the only markings.

Expanse : 22 mm.

®. Similar, larger.

Expanse: 26 mm.

Holotype ¢ and allotype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, 24.11.1924.

Paratypes. Upolu: Malololelei, 1 g, 2 99, vii., 12.vii.1925 (Wilder) ;

1B, 2 OQ, 24.11.1924, 21.iv.1925.

Tutuila ; Pago Pago, 1 3, 11.1924 (Steflany).

Rebel (1910) records 1 9, taken by Rechinger in 1905.

286 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

229. Maruca testulalis Geyer.

Crochiphora testulalis Geyer in Hiibner, Exot. Schmett., Zutr., iv (4), p. 12, figs. 629, 630, 1832.

Maruca testulalis Geyer, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., \xxxv, p. 431,

1910; 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 146, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, 12.11.1923 (Armstrong) ; 2 g¢, 4 99, 27.11., 16, 30.1v.,

1.v1.1924, 15.iv., vu.1925; Malololelei, 1 9, 24.vi.1924; Malifa, 2 specimens,

28.v., 10.v1.1905 (Rechinger).

Savai: Safune, 2 jg, 1 9, lowlands to 1,000 feet, 1.v.1924 (Bryan).

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 3, 11.1924 (Steffany).

A serious pest of garden beans, the larva feeding inside the pods, and often

entering where two pods are touching one another.

230. Psara licarsisalis Walker.

Botys licarsisalis Walker, List. Lep. Ins. B. M., xviii, p. 686, 1859.

Pachyzancla licarsisalis Walker, Rebel, Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. K1., lxxxv,

p. 431, 1910; 2 Berheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxii, p. 146, 1915.

Samoa. 1 Q, ii.—vui.1921 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Apia, 1 9, v.1896 (de la Garde); 1 4, 2 99, 28.x.1923, 4.v.1924

(Armstrong); 3 gg, 6 99, 13-15.ix.1923 (Swezey and Wilder); 4 dd, 3 99,

l., 10.0., 31.iv., 3l.v., lvi., ix.1924; Malololelei, 1 g, 1 9, 26.v., 22.vi.1924

(Armstrong) ; 8 $3, 6 99, 23-25.i1., 14, 16, 2l.vi., 5, 13.vii.1924, 22.iv.1925;

Malifa, 4 specimens, end July—early August, 1905 (Rechinger) ; Vailima, 1 3,

26.v1.1925 ; Mt. Vaea, 1 J, 1,100 feet, 25.iv.1924 (Bryan) ; Leulumoega, 2 gd,

14.1x.1923 (Swezey and Wilder).

Savaii: Tuasivi, 2 gg, 8.11.1924.

Tutuila : Pago Pago, 2 29, 1.1924 (Steffany).

231. Psara stultalis Walker.

Botys stultalis Walker, List Lep. Ins. B. M., xviii, p. 669, 1859.

Samoa. 1 gy iil—vili.1921 (O’Connor).

Upolu: Malololelei, 2 33, 5 99, 24.i1., 21, 24.vi., 5.vil.1924, 25.iv.1925 ;

Vailima, 1 g, 2.11.1925.

Savail: Safune, 1 g, rain forest 2,000-4,000 feet, 3.v.1924 (Bryan).

Tutuila: Pago Pago, 1 3, v.1896 (de la Garde).

HETEROCERA. 287

232. Noorda apiensis Rebel.

Noorda apiensis Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 189, pl. 1, fig. 3, 1915.

Upolu: Apia, 3 specimens, both sexes (Friederichs) ; 1 9, x.1925.

Exeristis Meyrick.

Ezeristis Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 266.

When Meyrick described this genus he had before him two species, both

represented by single examples. Hampson (Proc. Zool. Soc.

Lond., 1899, p. 232) cited as type of the genus H. asyphela

Meyrick, Tonga. Since then two species have been described, LZ.

polytima Turner (Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austral., xxxii, p. 96, 1908),

and H. argyresthalis Hampson (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), xii, p. 1,

1913), both represented by single examples. These two differ con-

siderably in appearance from the two species described by Meyrick,

and I am not sure that they really belong here, but there is not Txxt-ric. 8.—

sufficient material to enable me to make a thorough investigation. ” ee eas

However, I now have the opportunity of examining eight eke Tones

specimens from Samoa, and I had expected to find E. asyphela* Valve _of 3

represented among these. On the contrary, I have discovered, eee

in spite of the scantiness of the material, three new species. Of each species

there is a pair, and, in addition, two females in poor condition apparently

belonging to E. asynopta. I hope that the publication of these

\ descriptions and figures will induce entomologists living in Samoa,

/ Tonga and Fiji to collect these small moths in large numbers.

i | A hundred of each would not be too many, and there is little

doubt that there are more species awaiting discovery.

233. Exeristis pollosta, sp. n. (Plate XVII, fig. 8).

TExT-FIG. 9.— g and 9. Cartridge buff, shaded with warm buff, irrorated

iB ene ‘ ‘¢s with fuscous, markings fuscous to fuscous black. Forewing post-

ee a 3 medial with a noticeable streak projecting costad on vein R; ;

genitalia. hindwing with a strong pattern. Hxpanse: 10 mm.

* Heerisiis asyphela Meyrick, Tonga, Text-fig. 8, valve of male genitalia—length 0-7 mm.,

width 0-4 mm., figured for comparison with the figures of the valves of the Samoan species.

288 INSECTS OF SAMOA.

3S genitalia with the valve small—length 0-8 mm., width 0-3 mm.; no

harpe (Text-fig. 9).

Holotype 3 and allotype 9. Upolu: Malololelei, 30.x1.1924.

234. Exeristis catharia, sp. n. (Plate XVII, fig. 9).

g and 9. Cartridge buff, shaded with warm buff, except hindwings, slight

fuscous irroration, markings fuscous to fuscous black. Forewing fasciae sharply

defined ; antemedial fascia straight ; postmedial fascia straight between costa

and vein M., and between vein Cu, and inner margin; hindwing white to

cartridge buff, marked with fuscous on termen only. Expanse: ¢ 13 mm.,

210 mm.

3 genitalia with the valve large—length 1-3 mm., width 0-5 mm.; harpe

present (Text-fig. 10).

Holotype g. Savaii: Fagamalo, xi.1925.

Allotype @. Upolu: Malololelei, 21.11.1924.

Text-Fic. 10.—Ezeristis catharia Tams. Trext-Fie. 11.—Lzeristis asynopta Tams.

Valve of $ genitalia. Valve of 3 genitalia.

235. Exeristis asynopta, sp. n. (Plate XVII, fig. 10).

3 and 9. Cartridge buff shaded with warm buff, irrorated with fuscous,

markings fuscous to fuscous black. Expanse: ¢ 13 mm., 9 11 mm.

S genitalia with valve moderate—length 1-1 mm., width 0-35 mm. ; harpe

hook-like (Text-fig. 11).

HETEROCERA. 289

Holotype g. Upolu: Malololelei, 20.vi.1924.

Allotype 2. Upolu: Malololelei, vii.1924.

Paratypes. Upolu: Malololelei, 2 99, 18.viil., 25.xi.1924.

236. Pyrausta amboinalis Pagenstecher.

Botys amboinalis Pagenstecher, Jahrb. Nassau. Ver. f. Naturkunde, xxxvii, p. 269, pl. 6, fig. 2,

1884.

Pyrausta amboinalis Pagenstecher, Rebel, 2 Betheft Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt., xxxii, p. 153,

1915.

Samoa. 1 (Friederichs).

HEPIALIDAE.

237. Phassodes vitiensis Rothschild (Plate XII, fig. 1).

Phassodes vitiensis Rothschild, Nov. Zool., ii, p. 482, 1895.

Upolu: Malololelei, 2 specimens, 18.vili.1924; 25.xi.1924.

TINEIDAE.

238. ‘Thuriostoma homalospora Meyrick (Text-fig. 12).

Thuriostoma homalospora Meyrick, Exot. Microlep., iv, p. 515, 1934.

Holotype J. Upolu: Malololelei, 25.xi.1924.

This specimen was overlooked when the original consignment of Micro-

lepidoptera was sent to Mr. Meyrick, and I found it mixed with

the three species of Hxeristis. Mr. Meyrick has very kindly

described it at once, and on returning it he wrote: “ I return .

your insect herewith; it is undoubtedly curious, abnormal in ay

aspect and in some points of structure,” and in a later letter : Text-Fic. 12.—

“ You might like to know on what I relied in placing this Thuriostoma

homalospora

insect of undoubtedly puzzling aspect. The basal half of the Meyeiek &

palpi bears long scattered bristles pointing diversely outwards Labial palpus to

beneath and laterally ; this structure occurs in very many (though Tae, as

by no means all) the typical Tineidae, but nowhere else except :

i a single Gelechiad genus, Pogochaetia (a very odd abnormality, but

the genus is in every other point a typical Gelechiad), and as your insect, though

departing from normal Tineid type in several particulars, exhibits no prohibitive

character, I have no real doubt of its position.”

11 (4) 9

(ne

12.

EXPLANATION OF TEXT-FIGURES.

Chrysaeglia samoensis Rebel; (a) g, fore and hindwing venation; (6) 2, hindwing

venation.

. Asura hopkinst Tams. Wing venation.

. Asura uniformeola Hampson. Wing venation.

. Deilemera alba Pagenstecher. Full-grown larva. (Drawn by Dr. V. B. Wiggles-

worth.)

. Deilemera alba. Prothorax (1), Mesothorax (If), and first abdominal segment (1)

of full-grown larva, seen from left. Only the bases of the setae are indicated.

. Deilemera alba. Abdominal segments 6-10 of full-grown larva.

. Piletocera albescens Rebel. Wing venation.

. Exeristis asyphela Meyrick, Tonga. Valve of 3 genitalia.

. Exzeristis pollosta Tams. Valve of § genitalia.

. Lxeristis catharia Tams. Valve of ¢ genitalia.

Eaeristis asynopta Tams. Valve of ¢ genitalia.

Thurvostoma homalospora Meyrick, 3. Labial palpus to show scattered bristles.

PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS LTD., LONDON AND BECCLES.

Ne “e

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BRIT. MUS. (NAT. HIST.) ; INSECTS OF SAMOA

! AV ATAIT

ide : tor aqornilo zsbozznln\l of ogi

AtTOTT aqovosnogy

ae anlszohor

& gif

db off

@ gt

: 0 gil

tnx oyrozyb nynbowS .P gi

-tvorT prosloyryss nooltel .8 ord

ga ens T Asengoninnz osmubnoo Ml OL gif

Sate |

“a .q2 ams ngorg wae 0 ogi

6S gil

1 .gé 2osT zobsorinding nxshorel OS gill

PART Mgr : , PLATE VI.

Fig.

(Je)

PLATE VI.

. Thalassodes charops Prout.

. Nadagara hypomerops Prout.

. Pyrrhorachis rhodoselas Prout.

. Sauris mellita Prout.

. Chloroclystis mempta Prout.

. Amsodes hypocris Prout.

. Liridava dysorga Prout.

. Asthena eurychora Prout.

. Asura hopkinsi Tams, sp. n.

. Macaduma samoensis Tams, sp. n.

. Asura pyropa Tams, sp. n.

. Chrysaeglia samoensis Rebel.

. Rivula dipterygosoma Tams, sp. n.

. Paectes canescens Tams, sp. n.

. Hypenodes taona Tams, sp. n.

. Anomocala hopkinst Tams, gen. et sp. n.

. Cymodegma buxtonra Tams, gen. et sp. n.

. Hypospila similis Tams, sp. n.

. Machaeropalpus fasciatus Tams, gen. et sp. n.

. Mormecia lachnogyia Tams, gen. et sp. n.

. Hoploscopa astrapias nauticorum Tams, subsp. n.

. Hyalobathra wilder Tams, sp. n.

. Phostria oconnori Tams, sp. 1.

: Nepiomerys ceratistes Tams, sp. 0.

. Ceratothalama argosema Meyrick.

. Bradina parbattoides Tams, sp. n.

BRIT. MUS. (NAT. HIST.) INSECTS OF SAMOA.

PART III. PLATE VI.

BRIT. MUS. (NAT. HIST. INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Mt .qa ang 5 Lani ex NG"

ighsq to aorieog bas sqade

: he te tee Bois Tl snolnwd eGo ’ of

.igisq to moitieog bas sqsde -

o1tnev bogisine .nomobds ..m ga 2crsT vomozoyyroigsh olyveh .1 oi

atiud slosid owd

cc66T soippostdond ysosarivo ML ee gt

mule to sortiog bas ff

PART III. PLATE VII.

Fig.) 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig.” 9

Fig. 10.

Fig. 11.

PLATE VII.

. Chrysaeglia samoensis Rebel, §. xX 3.

. Barasa rebeli Tams, sp.n. xX 2.

. Microthripa buxtoni Tams, sp.n. x 2.

. Chusaris aurantilineata Hampson, doubtful determination Tams. x 2.

. Anomocala hopkinst Tams, gen. et sp. n., head, lateral view greatly enlarged, showing

shape and position of palpi.

i. Cymodegma buatoni Tams, gen et sp. n., head, lateral view greatly enlarged, showing

~ shape and position of palpi.

. Rivula dipterygosoma Tams, sp. n., abdomen, enlarged ventrolateral view, showing the

two black tufts.

. Mormecia lachnogyia Tams, gen. et sp. n., greatly enlarged view of head showing shape

and position of palpi.

. Machaeropalpus fasciatus Tams, gen. et sp. n., greatly enlarged view of head showing

shape and position of palpi.

Perigea illecta Walker, greatly enlarged views of palpus (balsam mount and in situ),

showing long second segment.

Perigea serva Walker, Sikkim, views of palpus for comparison with those in Fig. 10.

BRIT. MUS. (NAT. HIST.) INSECTS OF SAMOA.

PART III. PLATE VII.

BRIT. MUS. (NAT. HIST.)

IV @PALT

&x Hoqyolod solic panomnne winder 2 2 oi

ANG oh i tl a W .tob) 2 soltud MIRHOsTEN. miphrw'l .6 ot

git 10 ca oft

oi 10 comet e 4 om WE Sosy ey oil

ot poitstieds ,.f eons T st HROrIod ql 8 gil

Be e:

SX 26 .a ee ens SYHMOTRoKeoH ayers gif

“Oy

Tne “abnor bsoH > ..0 .ge .2mmeT 2sasnsosme show OF gif

_talea to oitizog

PART Ill. ud | PLATE. vil

uO,

. di,

PLATE VIII.

. Livacola rufimargo samoensis Tams, subsp. n. X 2.

. Tiracola plagvata Walker. X 2.

. Nagia homotima Tams, sp.n. xX 2.

. Liridata samoana Butler, holotype 3. x 2.

. Tinidata samoana Butler, 9 (det. W. H. T.T.). x 2.

. Perigea serva Walker, 3, x 2. Sikkim. Cf. fig. 7.

. Perigea illecta Walker, 3, x 2. Samoa. Cf. fig. 6.

. Leptotroga armstrong: Tams, sp. n., aberration, forewing, x 2.

. Leptotroga armstrong: Tams, sp. n., gd. X 2.

Arrade samoensis Tams, sp. n., ¢. Head, greatly enlarged view showing shape and

position of palpi.

Arrade samoensis Tams, sp. n., 3. X 2.

BRIT. MUS. (NAT. HIST.) INSECTS OF SAMOA.

PART III. PLATE VIII.

BRIT. MUS. (NAT. HIST.) INSECTS OF SAMOA.

ae of:

Seo, se cf

svsl .99mond bisa, phnopaseh

53 5

wot blidoadtoA s

2 8 JT egit 10 .stittaev didgio Q .0 .gqadue cage

e 8 0 agit .10 soni) wo .biidoad

4 ae Tae & # a

k: BY 20 .egit 10 AL 0 .qadue 2meT adoanyent ninowloo eahoynO .8 .gil

FiohidsD nrwlsordowe violwoidors eshoyn0 .@ .2iF

PART Ill. | PLATE IX.

Fig.

PLATE IX.

. Rusicada fulvida Guenée, Java. @ genital armature (bursa copulatrix not shown). Cf.

fig. 2.

. Rusicada mgritarsis xcanthochroa Butler, Samoa. genital armature. Cf. fig. 1.

. Oxyodes ochreata ochreata Rothschild, New Guinea. ¢ genital arinubare Cf. figs. 4, 5.

. Oxyodes ochreata samoana Tams, subsp. n. ¢ genital armature. Cf. figs. 3, 5.

. Oxyodes scrobiculata scrobiculata Fabricius, South India. 3 genital armature. Cf. figs. 3, 4.

. Oxyodes ochreata samoana Tams, subsp. n. Q, eighth ventrite. Cf. figs. 7, 8, 9.

. Oxyodes ochreata ochreata Rothschild, New Guinea. Q, eighth ventrite. Cf. figs. 6, 8, 9.

. Oxyodes ochreata tanymekes Tams, subsp. n., Fiji. 9, eighth ventrite. Cf. figs. 6, 7, 9.

. Oxyodes serobiculata scrobiculata Fabricius, South India. 9, eighth ventrite. Cf. figs.

6, 7, 8.

BRIT. MUS. (NAT. HIST.) INSECTS OF SAMOA.

PART III. PLATE IX.

(NAT. HIST.) ‘ INSECTS OF SAMOA.

{

x .gotwharH oa

PART Ill.

PLATE X.

. Hydrillodes surata Meyrick. Forewing. x 4.

. Hydrillodes sigma Tams, sp. n. Forewing. x 4.

. H. surata Meyrick. Hindwing. 4.

. H. sigma Tams, sp.n. Hindwing. x 4.

. H. surata Meyrick. 3. Labial palpus. Greatly enlarged.

. H. sigma Tams, sp.n. ¢G. Labial palpus. Greatly enlarged.

. H. surata Meyrick. &. Labial palpus. Greatly enlarged.

. H. sigma Tams, sp.n. 9. Labial palpus. Greatly enlarged.

BLU Ves Mee

(NAT. HIST.) INSECTS OF SAMOA.

PART III.

BRIT. MUS. (NAT. HIST.) INSECTS OF SAMOA.

Fig:

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

PLATE XI.

. Epiplema lypera Tams, sp.n. gy .

Epiplema lypera Tams, sp. n. 9.

Epiplema hapala Tams, sp. n.

. Striglina oecia Tams, sp. n.

. Striglina anthina Tams, sp. n.

. Striglina lithophora Tams, sp. n.

. Brixia dialitha Tams, sp. n.

. Betousa henncycla Meyrick.

. Odontopaschia stephanuchra Tams, sp. n.

. Odontopaschia stephanuchra Tams, sp. n., cell ornament on forewing, greatly enlarged.

Enlargement of figures 1-9 = x 2.

BRIT. MUS. (NAT. HIST.) INSECTS OF SAMOA.

PART III. PLATE XI.

| BRIT. MUS.

(NAT. HIST.) INSECTS OF SAMOA.

@ wolv — viserg .bsed .. .qa aT pistons

iglsq to

LlsW eilywspiioh wowploO Ql gil

smi bebivib pean

& Bost yyssswe olyqvegyeH & a

0 ‘ag Hornisqohogz ins

.bsod to woiv boynslns ‘Was sorg

PLATE Xllt.

Fig. 1:

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

Fig. 4

Fig. 5.

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Hig..°9

Fig. 10

Fig. 11

PLATE XIII.

Thylacoptila gonylasia Tams, sp. n. 4, head, greatly enlarged view showing shape and

position of palpi.

Ceratothalama argosema Meyrick. Greatly enlarged view of head showing shape and

position of palpi.

Nephopteryx ceratistes Tams, sp.n., 9. Greatly enlarged view of head showing shape and

position of palpi.

. Nephopteryx ceratistes Tams, sp. n.,Q. x 3.

Odontopaschia stephanuchra Tams, sp. n., greatly enlarged view of head showing shape

and position of palpi.

. Authaeretis exaereta Tams, sp. n., head, greatly enlarged view showing shape and position

of palpi.

. Calguia defiguralis Walker, 3, head, greatly enlarged view, one labial palpus removed

and both maxillary palpi exposed and showing divided hair-pencils.

. Hypsvpyla swezeyi Tams, sp. n., 2. x 3.

. Hypsipyla swezeyi Tams, sp. n., 9, greatly enlarged view of head.

. Cryptoblabes spodopetina Tams, sp. n., 2.2K Bio

. Cryptoblabes spodopetina Tams, sp, n., 2, greatly enlarged view of head.

. Ptyobathra polia Tams, sp. n., 9. X 3:

hs Sr

BRIT. MUS. (NAT. HIST.)

PART III.

INSECTS OF SAMOA.

PLATE XIII.

-BRIT. MUS. (NAT. HIST.) INSECTS OF SAMOA

] J

PART It. ; ; PLATE XIV.

PLATE XIV.

. Nephopteryx ceratistes Tams, sp. n., d. Greatly enlarged lateral view of head showing

horn of long scales on frons, and maxillary palpi withdrawn from hollowed-out labial

palpi and expanded.

. Thylacoptila gonylasia Tams, sp. n., 3. Greatly enlarged view of underside showing long

brush of hair-scales at femoro-tibial joint, and dark patch of so-called androconial

scales on proximal half of curiously shaped forewing ; inset, view of forewing upperside,

x 3.

. Nephopteryx ceratistes Tams, sp. n., g. Another greatly enlarged view showing horn on

frons, and labial palpi with base of enveloped maxillary palpi visible below frons.

. Acolastodes oenotripta Meyrick. Greatly enlarged view of underside of forewing showing

venation, particularly the extraordinary “ looped ’’ discocellular bar.

. Acolastodes oenotripta Meyrick. Greatly enlarged lateral view of head showing shape and

position of palpi.

. Acolastodes oenotripta Meyrick. 2.

. Cryptoblabes elaeothrepta Tams, sp.n. X 2.

. Cryptoblabes elaeothrepta Tams, sp. 0., head, greatly enlarged view showing shape and

position of palpi.

BRIT. MUS. (NAT. HIST.) INSECTS OF SAMOA.

» PART III. PLATE XIV.

: INSECTS OF SAMOA.

| a oo g9f i woiy bsarsl as ytsor) Q doiyol nlisilqoose oayyhqgosiooe a. ce

————

REATIE XVe

Fig. 1

Fig.- 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

PLATE XV.

. Bradina pycnolopha Tams, sp. pn.

. Bradina leptolopha Tams, sp. n.

. Dracaenura adela Tams, sp. n.

. Bradina chlorionalis Tams, sp. n.

. Trichophysetis neophyla Meyrick.

. Trichophysetis neophyla Meyrick, 2. Greatly enlarged view of head.

. Parthenodes eugethes Tams, sp. n.

. Ambia schistochaeta Tams, sp. n.

. Clupeosoma lampra Tams, sp. n.

. Clupeosoma photina Tams, sp. n.

All except fig.6 x 2,

BRIT. MUS. (NAT. HIST.) INSECTS OF SAMOA.

PART III. PLATE XV.

BRIT. MUS. (NAT.

INSECTS OF SAMOA.

a qa antsiT slodon ashoiltnghs 8 S6.0ff

2 dornaoA aslostiprnsroononstd aspwnolhd .&

qe ents T sxoswid nostowprpd

PLATE XVI.

Fig. 1. Agathodes ostentalis Geyer.

Fig. 2. Agathodes rebeli Tams, sp. n.

Fig. 3. Chloauges brunneomarginalis Kenrick, 9.

Fig. 4. Margaronia buxtont Tams, sp. n.

Fig. 5. Leucophotis pulchra Butler.

Fig. 6. Sylepta commotes Tams, sp. n.

Fig. 7. Phostria oconnori Tams, sp. n.

Fig. 8. Authaeretis exaereta Tams, sp. n.

Fig. 9. Margaronia diplocyma Hampson, 3, Fiji.

Fig. 10. Piletocera albescens Rebel, head, greatly enlarged view showing shape and position of

palpi.

Fig. 11. Piletocera albescens Rebel.

All except fig. 10. x2.

BRIT. MUS. (NAT. HIST.) INSECTS OF SAMOA.

PART Ill. PLATE XVI.

i BRIT. MUS. (NAT. HIST.) INSECTS OF SAMOA.

ie 1c

“ae ?

20 \aotsenl

PART Il : yiae PLATE XVII.

. 12;

Bal iy:

PLATE XVII.

. Piletocera steffany: Tams, sp.n., 5. x 2.

. Piletocera steffanyt Tams, sp.n., 2. x 2.

. Piletocera rechingeri Tams, sp.n., 2. x 2.

. Diathrausta lypera Tams, sp. n., 2. X 5.

. Baeoptila ellipes Tams, sp.n. xX 5.

. Cataclysta dialitha Tams, sp.n. x 5.

. Sufetula hemiophthalma Meyrick. 5. (Inset, head, greatly enlarged.)

. Ezeristis pollosta Tams, sp.n. X 5.

. Beeristis catharia Tams, sp.n. xX 5.

. Hzeristis asynopta Tams, sp.n. x 5.

. Diptychophora dialitha Tams, sp.n. X 5.

Diptychophora calliptera Tams, sp.n. X 5.

Diptychophora amydra Tams, sp.n. X 9.

BRIT. MUS. (NAT. HIST.) INSECTS OF SAMOA.

PART III. PLATE XVII.

eiaiil MUS. (NAT. HIST.) INSECTS OF SAMOA.

birdoH wol ..

_.gaivgotot -BOMSEG ..1 .

RS x obieteqqst

obiereqqus <atw. batid buslesoou9 soltndl snsloniaisn olnoogyH .0 .giT

By,

Ex .sbiztabo (a wbttid § OmIKG , collet spilinttiain nloogy lh .T

j 4

_biesbay 8

PART ill. PLATE XVIII.

Fig.

PLATE XVIII.

. Fumea samoana Tams, sp.n. X 5.

. Hoploscopa astrapias astrapias Meyrick, Fiji, forewing. x 3.

. Hoploscopa astrapias anamesa Tams, subsp. n., New Hebrides, forewing.

. Hoploscopa astrapias nauticorum Tams, subsp. n., Samoa, forewing. xX 3.

. Hypocala australiae Butler, Samoa, hindwing, upperside. x 2.

. Hypocala australiae Butler, Queensland, hindwing, upperside. X 2.

. Hypocala australiae Butler; Samoa, hindwing, underside. x 2.

. Hypocala australice Butler, Queensland, hindwing, underside. X 2.

. Luceria oculalis Moore, greatly enlarged lateral view of head,

. Rivula polynesiana Hampson, greatly enlarged lateral view of head.

. Hypenodes taona Tams, sp. n., greatly enlarged lateral view of head.

. Nodaria acrosema Turner, greatly enlarged lateral view of head.

. Progonia oileusalis Walker, greatly enlarged lateral view of head.

. Phazaca kellerst Tams, sp. n., wings. X 3.

. Latagognoma dacryodes Tams, gen. et sp. n., forewing. x 8.

. Latagognoma dacryodes Tams, greatly enlarged lateral view of head.

BRIT. MUS. (NAT. HIST.) INSECTS OF SAMOA.

PART III. | PLATE XVIII.

INSECTS OF SAMOA

pe OTHER SAMOAN. TERRESTRIAL

ARTHROPODA

LIST OF PARTS AND SYSTEM OF PUBLICATION :—

“Part —_I.

pe AT

Brod Lh

: IV.

99 V.

meee NGL

moe VIF.

oy VIAL.

939 IX.

ihe work i

Orthoptera and Dermaptera. (Complete.)

Hemiptera. (Complete.)

Lepidoptera. (Complete.)

Coleoptera. (Complete.)

Hymenoptera. (Complete.)

Diptera. (Complete.) :

Other Orders of Insects. (Complete.)

Terrestrial Arthropoda other than Insects. fC omebi te)

Summary and Index.

is published at intervals in the form of dambered fascicles.

Although individual fascicles may contain contributions by more than one

author, each fascicle is so arranged as to form an integral portion of one or

other of the Parts specified above. 3

List of Fascicles issued to 23rd February, 1935 :— —

Insects of Gario8 and other Samoan Terrestrial Arthropoda. Maps | and Date Issued.

2 (in envelope). 1927, 4to. 6d. 26th February, 1927.

Part I. OrtTHopTERA AND DERMAPTERA.

‘ Fasc. 1. Dermaptera. By Dr. Alfredo Borelli. Pp. 1-8. 1928, 4to. Is. 28th July, 1928.

Fase.2. Orthoptera. By Dr. L. Chopard. 51 text-figures. Pp.9-58. 1929, 4to. 5s. 26th January, 1929.

Part II. Hemiptera.

Fasc. 1. Fulgoroidea. By F. Muir. 25 text-figures. Psyllidze (Chanids): By

Prof. D. L.

Crawford. 4 text-figures. Coccide, Aphidide and Aleyrodide.

By F. Laing, M.A., B.Sc. 3 text-figures. Pp. 1-45. 1927, 4to. 2s. 6d. 25th June, 1927.

Fasc. 2. Cercopide. By V.Lallemand, M.D. 10 text-figures. Cicadide. By

. Myers, Sc.D. 22 text-figures. Aquatic and Semi-aquatic Heteroptera.

by Prof. Teiso Esaki. 6 text-figures. Pp. 47-80. 1928, 4to. 2s. 6d. 23rd June, 1928.

Fase. 3. Heteroptera. By W. E. China, B.A. (Cantab.). 28 text-figures.

‘Pp. 81-162.

1930. 4to. 5s. 26th July, 1930.

Fase. 4. Cicadellidee (Jasside). By Herbert Osborn, Ohio State University,

Ete Che ace Pa Ie ioe Wt, tone 27th fanonry, 1934.

_ Pp. 193-228

: Fasc.5. Miride and Anthocoride. By Harry H. Boiety Ph.D. 9 text-figures. 2Brd Hebriary, 1935

1935, 4to. 2s. 6d.

ae II]. Lepimoprera.

- Fasc. 1. Butterflies of ai and some peeoune tT Island-groups. By C. H.E. Oth April, 1927

Hopkins, M.A., F.E.S

Fasc. 2. Micrg:

. FES. 1 text-figure an

4 plates p- 1-64. 1927, 4to. 5s.

Lepid By Edward Meyrick, ie F.R.S. Pp. 65-116.

a oe i 28th May, 1927.

i G ride. By Louis B. P E.S. 2 text-fi d 1 plat

a8 5 Gagne O08, Bie Bye rout, F, ext-ngures ani plate. Ath March: 1928.

Fasc. 4. H By W. H. T. T 12 fi and 13 plates.

Be 1692290 1935. "10s. ams. : text-Ngures an plates 3rd Reb aiany: 1935.

Fasc. 1. Carabide. By H. E. ees ne ene: Dytiscide. By A.

‘

Parr IV. COLEOPTERA.

Zimmermann.

figures. Hydrophilide.

Lamellicornia.

‘Fasc. 2. Heteromera, Bostrychoidea, acon aia ae Bupratide: By K. G.

2 text figures. ee inide. By M. Cameron, MB. 2 text-

re alba V ext figure. * Clavicornia and

By G. J. Ries % text-figures. 1927, 4to. 3s. 19th December, 1927.

Blair, B.Sc. 14 text-figures. Elaterida, B van Zwaluwenberg. 10

text-figures. Melaside (Eucnemide). yEt Rie Cerambycide. By

hr. Aurivillius. 1 plate. Brent hie R. Kleine. 4 text-figures.

Anthribide. Karl Jordan, Ph.D. uP rertheures: Proterhinide. By

RCL, Perkins, DSc, RS.” Pp. 67-174, 1928, do. 5s, 25th February, 1928.

List of Fascicles issued to 23rd February, 1935 (continued) :—

Part IV. CoLEoPTERA—continued.

Fasc. 3. Throscide. By K. G. Blair, B.Sc. 1 text-figure. Ghinvsonmelides: Date Issued

By S. Maulik, M.A. 18 text-figures. Pp. 175-215. 1929, 4to. 2s. 6d. 2rd Pen 1929.

Fasc. 4, Platypodide and Scolytide. By C. F. C. Bean DSc. 13 text-

figures. Pp. 217-248. 1929, 4to. 2s. 6d. 22nd June, 1929.

Fasc. 5. Curculionide. By Sir Guy Marshall, CM.G., DSc. F.R.S. 31 text- - eg

penreemiPp 240-346. (Rd, oe | 25th April, 1931.

Part V. HyMeENoPTERA.

Fasc. 1. Apoidea, Gihecoiden! and Ves ee R. C. L. Perkins, D.Sc.,

F.R.S., and_L. Evelyn Cheesman, F FES. aay, text-figures. Larnde.

By F X. Wil 12 text- Fe ir. F. Santschi.

ce ee eee snide By Be. Seth | 25th February, 1928

Part VI. Duerera.

Fasc. |. Streblide and Nycteribiide, By L. Falcoz. 7 text-figures. Hippo-

boscide. By G.F. Ferris. 6 text-figures. Pp. 1-21. 1927, 4to. 2s. 6d. 23rd July, 1927.

Fasc. 2. Nematocera. By F..W. Edwards, M.A. 20 text-figures. Cecidomyiine.

By H. F. Bames, B.A., Ph.D. 4 text-figures. Pp. 23-108. 1928, 4to. 5s. 23rd June, 1928.

Fasc. 3. Stratiomyide, eae and een By Gertrude Ricardo. 6 text-

gures. Larve o eee . Buxton, M.A. 2 cence

Dolichopodide. By C. G. Lamb, sh 8 text-fisures. Sarcophagide.

P. A. Buxton, M.A: 9 text-figures. Muscide. By J. R. Malloch.

Pp. 109-175. 1929, Ato. 5s. llth May, 1929.

Fasc. 4. Empidide and Pi He y J. E. Collin. 7 text-figures.

Syrphide. By Frank M. Hol eae ae Clusnde (Heteroneuride

and Tunes By ER MNialicee 6 text-figures. Pp. 177-213. 1929,

2s 27th July, 1929.

Fase. 5. Ortalidz.

Malloch. 6 text-figures. Calliphoride. B

Tp Mach, Pp 37 Wie oe eel toa

fe ee OA eee ee foe ie, By J. R. Malloch. 3 22nd November, 1930.

Fasc. 7. Trypetide. By J.R.Malloch. 1 text-figure. Pp. 253-266. 1931,4to. 1s. 28th November, 1931.

Fase. 8 D hilide, Ephydride, Sph id d Milichiide. B R.

Nilch: locihsuee, Bp 27308 1G Deen ea

Fase 9. (Plante: ‘Moromyautes Micmseeatde) Wechiide and! Garena nda 7

‘By J.R. Malloch. 15 text-hgures. Pp. 329-366. 1935, 4to. 25 6d. ~—-23rd February, 1935.

Part VIJ. Oruer Orpers or INsECTs.

Fasc. 1. Isoptera ; bay pacts By Gerald F. Hill. 14 text-figures and

Pp. 1-44. 1927, 4to. 2s. 6d. 28th May, 1927.

Fasc. 2. Plectoptera. By R. J Eanes Sc.D. Genre FRS., and J. A.

FLERE ee Be ee eae

o text- a t

CPO a fe Ras ies ° 23rd June, 1928.

Fasc. 3. Mallophaga. By J. Waterston, ae ne text-figures. cata: By

. A peony inate ee hoptera. : Martin EM Most: : figure.

ti -Peter: u y t ha

By Cane HL. Carpenter D Se 33 tent. eaten Pe, THIG. 1958, te Se Gd, 28th July, 1928.

Fasc. 4. Psocoptera. By Dr. H. H. Karny. 8 text-figures. Pp. 117-129. 1s. 27th February, 1932.

Part VIII. TrerrestriAL ARTHROPODA OTHER THAN INSECTS.

Fase. 1. Tsopoda Terrestria. By Harold G. Jackson, D.Sc. 2 plates. Scor-

pinnides By P.A. aes woe iene Bie eee

text- tan 13 text- ae :

atte Sat ites ag tenor Mesh Magi at 1 o h s 23rd July, 1927.

2. M den (M da). By C. Att 4 text-figures. Araign

Ohaus Be ee 79 wext-feries, Pp. 78. 1905, dtc, Gd. 22nd June, 1929.

Part IX. Summary AND INDEX.

Fasc. J. Description of the Envir t. By P. A. Buxton, MRCS. 2 )

‘extligutes and 6 plites,) Bp tS] OBO Mea, MIG IEE i 22nd November, 1930.