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Published September 2004

ISSN 0071-0768 ©

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ONTARIO

Volume One Hundred and Thirty-Four

2003

Published September, 2004

THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF ONTARIO

OFFICERS AND GOVERNORS

2003-2004

President: M. RICHARDS (2003-2005)

J. CORRIGAN Dept. of Biological Sciences, Brock University

P.O. Box 291 Harriston ON, NOG 1Z0

bugjimcorrigan @ gosympatico.ca

President-Elect:

F. HUNTER

Dept. of Biological Sciences, Brock University

St. Catharines ON, L2S 3A1

hunterf @ spartan.ac.brocku.ca

Past President:

B.D. GILL

Canadian Food Inspection Agency

K. W. Neatby Bldg, Room 4125

960 Carling Ave., Ottawa ON, K1A 0C6

gillbd @inspection.gc.ca

Secretary:

D. HUNT*

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada,

Research Station, Harrow ON, NOR 1G0

huntd @em.agr.ca

Treasurer:

B. HELSON

Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service,

P.O. Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie ON, P6A 5M7

Librarian:

J. BRETT

Library, University of Guelph,

Guelph ON, N1G 2W1

Directors:

T. BAUTE (2003-2005)

Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food

Agronomy Building, Ridgetown College

P.O. Box 400 Main Street East

Ridgetown ON, NOP 2C0

P. BOUCHARD

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

960 Carling Ave. Ottawa ON, K1A 06C

(2004-2006)

R. HALLETT

Dept. of Environmental Biology

University of Guelph, Guelph ON, NIG 2W1

(2002-2004)

P. MASON

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada,

ECORC, K.W. Neatby Bldg, Ottawa ON, K1A 0C6

(2002-2004)

St. Catharines ON, L2S 3A1

G. UMPHREY

Dept. of Mathematics and Statistics (2004-2006)

University of Guelph, Guelph ON, NIG 2W1

Webmaster

D.B. LYONS

Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service,

P.O. Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie ON, P6A 5M7

Student Representative:

L. TIMMS

Faculty of Forestry

University of Toronto, Toronto ON, M5S 3B3

EDITORIAL COMMITTEE

Scientific Editor:

Y. H. J. PREVOST*

Faculty of Forestry and the Forest Environment,

Lakehead University, Thunder Bay ON, P7B S5E1

Technical Editor: K. Jamieson

Layout Artist: J. Scott Barsanti

Associate Editors:

A.M.R. BENETT

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

960 Carling Ave. Ottawa ON, K1A 06C

R. HARMSEN

Biology Department,

Queen’s University, Kingston ON, N7L 3N6

Y. MAUFFETTE

Faculté des sciences, Départment des sciences biologiques

Université du Québec Montréal, Montréal QC, H3C 3P8

G. OTIS

Dept. of Environmental Biology

University of Guelph, Guelph ON, NIG 2W1

D. J. PREE

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada,

Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre,

P.O. Box 6000, Vineland ON, LOR 2E0

S. J. SEYBOLD

Chemical Ecology of Forest Insects

USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station

Davis, California 95616 U.S.A.

*Mailed MS’s to 4338 Wildmint Square Ottawa ON, K1V

1N5. Electronic MS’s to Yves.Prevost @ Lakeheadu.ca

Cover illustration: Potato Leafhopper Empoasca fabae (Harris) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) by Martin Damus.

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

JOURNAL

of the HARVARD

UNIVERSITY

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF ONTARIO

Volume 134 2003

From the Editor,

This issue contains an invited review article about an entomological issue of current interest

to Ontario entomologists. I am pleased to present the concern about the potato leafhopper, Empoasca

fabae Harris (Homoptera: Cicadellidae), which is an economically significant pest of field legume

crops with potential losses of $250 million per year. The review will also serve as a historical

snapshot of changing insect populations in southern Ontario where the potato leafhopper populations

have been increasing over the past 15 years. This may be an example of changes in an insect

migration due to climate change.

The effort of entomologists in recording changes in the entomofauna of Ontario serves to

remind us that even in our own back yards there are many new insect species waiting identification.

For example, Buck has uncovered 114 new Ontarian and 53 new Canadian records of spheciform

wasps; Romankova reports on seven new Ontarian Colletidae and two new Ontarian Megachilidae;

Paeiro et al. report seven new Ontarian and 32 new Canadian Hemiptera and Paiero and Buck

report one more species of Megachilidae to Ontario and reports new Canadian and Ontario records

for three species of Megachilidae and Andrenidae. In spite of these new species found in Ontario

and Canada, Godsoe provides a rare example of evidence that an insect has been extirpated from

Ontario, here a pompilid.

Although some insects are encountered often, not much is known about their reproductive

habits. This is the case with Pelecinus polyturator (Hymenoptera: Pelecinidae) and Bennett’s keen

eye gives us an insight on its egg-laying habit. And finally Mason et al. provide a second example

of a new invasion in Ontario by an insect; this time the cabbage seedpod weevil, Ceutorhynchus

obstrictus (Marsham) [Coleoptera: Curculionidae] into canola crops.

I thank Martin Damus, our cover artist who took on the challenge of drawing the tiny potato

leafhopper. Thanks are again due to K. Jamieson and J.Scott Barsanti for the technical layout of

this volume. The review work could only be done with a panel of dedicated associate editors.

Volume 135 of JESO is well under way and I am looking forward to reading about your efforts.

Yves Prévost

Yves.Prevost@ Lakeheadu.ca

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

BIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF THE POTATO LEAFHOPPER, EMPOASCA

FABAE (HARRIS) (HOMOPTERA: CICADELLIDAE) ON FIELD CROPS IN ONTARIO

E. S. BULLAS APPLETON, C. GILLARD and A.W. SCHAAFSMA

Department of Plant Agriculture

Ridgetown College, University of Guelph, Ridgetown, Ontario NOP 2C0

E-mail: aschaafs@ridgetownc.uoguelph.ca

Abstract Js sents Soc.iOnts13453-=17

The potato leafhopper (PLH), Empoasca fabae (Harris) (Homoptera:

Cicadellidae) is an economically significant pest of field legume crops (Rosales:

Leguminosae) such as soybeans, Glycine max L., edible beans Phaseolus vulgaris

L., alfalfa, Medicago sativa L., and potato, Solanum tuberosum L. (Solanales:

Solanaceae) in Ontario, causing potential losses of $250 million per annum.

The PLH is a lacerate-and-flush feeder causing phytotoxicity expressed as

hopperburn, resulting in the accumulation of photosynthates above feeding points

and reduced rates of photosynthesis, respiration and plant growth. Damage

symptoms responsible for yield reductions appear as: distorted leaf veins,

yellowing margins and V-shaped wedges of chlorotic tissue, with leaves

eventually becoming cupped with necrotic margins. The PLH accomplishes an

annual migration, with winters spent in the southernmost regions of the United

States, followed by a northward migration to north central and eastern United

States and Canada in early spring. Effective monitoring for PLH populations in

Ontario crops typically involves sweep net sampling, trifoliate counts and the

use of yellow sticky cards. Economic injury levels for the PLH vary with

susceptibility of infested crop. Resistant cultivars, trap crops, and seed treatments

are discussed as viable alternatives to conventional insecticide applications for

PLH control.

Biology

Biology and Development

The potato leafhopper (PLH), Empoasca fabae (Harris) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae), has been

a well-known pest of edible beans since its description in 1841 (DeLong 1938). Adult PLH are

wedge-shaped and pale green and are distinguished by a row of six white spots across the pronotum.

The taxonomy of the PLH was not clear until 1931 when DeLong confirmed the importance of the

lateral-process and the dorsal spines in the pygofers of the internal genitalia of the males for

distinguishing species belonging to this genus (Delong 1938; Medler 1957). The white apple

leafhopper (WALH), Typhlocyba pomaria McAtee (Homoptera: Cicadellidae), is often confused

with the PLH due to its size and shape, but it is much lighter in colour and its host range is more

limited (Anonymous 2001). Later instars of WALH nymphs also have two rows of dark dots on the

dorsal side of the thorax, and more dots appear on the wing pads when they develop. WALH

nymphs and adults primarily move in a forward and backward motion when disturbed, whereas

PLHs can move sideways as well as forward and backward (Anonymous 2001).

immatures pass through five nymphal instars which develop by incomplete metamorphosis.

Under constant temperature regimes, the PLH requires approximately 301 degree days (C) to develop

from egg to adult when reared on broad bean, Vicia faba L. (Rosales: Leguminosae) (Simonet and

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Pienkowski 1980). Adult females normally mate within 48 hours of emergence. The preoviposition

period under field conditions is from 3-5 days (DeLong 1938).

Females insert eggs directly into the larger veins and petioles of host plant leaves at a rate of

about 4 eggs per day when temperatures are greater than 10°C (Fenton and Hartzell 1923; Poos

1932: Sher and Shields 1991). A female has the potential to produce 124 eggs, given that the

average longevity of adults is 35 days; females live slightly longer than males (Poos 1932). PLH

eggs are difficult to see unless the plant tissue is cleared using lactophenol (Carlson and Hibbs

1962). Eggs hatch within 7-10 days in continuously high summer temperatures, but the incubation

period can extend to 23 days during cooler periods (DeLong 1938). Fecundity is 37% lower for

PLH reared on alfalfa vs. edible beans (Kieckhefer and Medler 1966). The net reproductive rate,

intrinsic rate of increase, oviposition period and population growth rate of PLHs are further reduced

on water stressed alfalfa plants, with males slightly more affected than females (Hoffman et al.

1991; Hoffman and Hogg 1991).

Eclosion is related to temperature, with nymphs emerging later in the day during cooler periods

(Poos 1932). Initially, the head of the emerging nymph is pushed through the plant epidermis.

After an extended period of time, the neonate with conspicuous red eyes emerges until only the tip

of the abdomen remains within the plant tissue. With its dorsal side downward, the nymph rapidly

liberates and exercises its legs with which it grips the leaf vein and then pries the remaining portion

of the abdomen from the leaf tissue. Nymphs begin feeding on the under surface of leaves

immediately and complete the development from egg hatch to adult in about 15 days at temperatures

between 15-20°C (Poos 1932).

The developmental times of eggs and nymphs, as well as overall longevity, decrease as mean

temperatures increase (Sher and Shields 1991). Cold hardiness tends to increase as PLHs develop

from egg through adult (Specker et al. 1990). When spring temperatures drop below 5°C, nymphs

may drop into soil cracks where temperatures are slightly warmer than ambient (Shields and Sher

1992). As the proportion of individuals in soil crevices increases with decreasing temperature this

behaviour has been categorized as a strategic response to unfavourable conditions in northern

breeding grounds (Shields and Sher 1992). In Ontario there are three to four generations during the

summer months.

Distribution and Host Range

The PLH overwinters predominantly in the southernmost portions of the United States. In the

Gulf states, PLH reproduces on castor bean and other wild host plants during the winter, where

populations increase before migration into north central and eastern United States and Canada in

the spring (DeLong 1938; Pienkowski and Medler 1964). Physical and climactic factors, particularly

elevation, relative humidity and rainfall, are responsible for the PLH’s eastern distribution. DeLong

reported that the PLH is of economic importance in eastern regions that are below 950 m in elevation

with an average relative humidity of 40-60% (DeLong 1938). For PLHs to reach economically

significant populations, high temperature must be combined with normal humidity and precipitation

(DeLong 1938). However, monitoring of weather patterns over the past 15 years in Ontario has

demonstrated that PLHs are becoming more abundant, causing an increase in damage under hot,

dry conditions.

The PLH has been identified on over 200 host plants. In the south, trees such as hickory, oak

and southeastern pines are typically a source of reinfestation for seasonal crops (Poos 1935; Taylor

1995). Alfalfa is usually the crop first infested after arrival of PLHs in Ontario. In late May,

potatoes and beans become infested with adults dispersing from alfalfa by means of low-level

flight. Following each alfalfa harvest, adult PLHs return to feed on the succulent regrowth.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Migration and Dispersal

Warm south winds and air masses moving north up the Mississippi Valley trigger a northward

migration each spring, resulting in the infestation of many important crops in north central and

eastern United States and Canada. Pienkowski and Medler (1964) suggested that a low-pressure

trough in conjunction with a low-level jet stream on the face of a cold front is required for long-

distance transport of PLHs.

The PLH accomplishes an annual migration, with its autumn return to the overwintering area

in reproductive diapause assisted by the movement of the fall weather systems, particularly low

pressure fronts with calm winds or winds with a southerly flow (Shields and Testa 1999). For long

distance migration, the PLH must either fly or be carried to altitudes as high as 1220 m (Medler

1957; Pienkowski and Medler 1964; Shields and Testa 1999). At this altitude, PLH may be

transported approximately 30% faster than individuals at 300 m above ground level (Pienkowski

and Medler 1964). Temperature fluctuations impose limits upon the transport of PLHs in upper air

currents. When the surrounding atmospheric temperature drops below 12°C, the flight termination

threshold, PLHs fold their wings and descend until temperatures above 12°C are encountered (Taylor

and Reling 1986). The activity period leading to flight into the planetary boundary layer (the part

of the troposphere extending upward from the earth’s surface to 100 to 3000m where long-range

transport occurs) begins about one hour before sunset and ends 30 minutes after sunset. In one

study, PLH reached peak densities at 152 m, 20 minutes after sunset (Shields and Testa 1999).

Migratory flight appears to be correlated with declining barometric pressure 12 hours prior to the

normal evening activity period, which occurs around sunset (Shields and Testa 1999). Migratory

PLHs are precipitated out of the air by downdrafts, exhaustion, termination of flight, precipitation

with rain or cooling.

Depending on location, collections in late spring in northern breeding grounds are

predominantly females (Medler 1957). When conditions for migration are favourable, PLHs may

be detected on alfalfa in Ontario as soon as early May. After females have reached northern breeding

areas, short distance dispersal occurs throughout fields of preferred crops. Approximately 90% of

all flight activity associated with short-distance dispersal occurs during the dark hours (Medler

1957). The majority of this movement takes place before midnight, with a peak 30 minutes after

sunset; often this is a calm period with particularly low wind velocity (Dysart 1962). Precipitation

triggers an increase in short distance dispersal due to the impact of falling raindrops (Dysart 1962).

Host Selection and Preferences

The PLH has several preferred hosts. Leguminous hosts are preferred, followed by potatoes

and other species of Solanum. Common bean seedlings have a much higher sugar content than

emerging potato plants, perhaps explaining why the potato plants do not attract the PLH until the

plants have reached a considerable size and maximum sugar content (DeLong 1938). As the PLH

_ feeds, sucrose increases in infested plants, making the plant attractive for continued feeding (Hibbs

et al. 1964). PLHs also demonstrate variable settling behaviour. On alfalfa, stems are preferred

over leaves. Contrastingly, on broad bean, fewer PLHs are found on stems while the use of abaxial

leaf surfaces corresponds with availability (Backus et al. 1990). The preference for the abaxial

surface of leaves compared to the upper surface may be attributed to higher transpiration rates, and

consequently higher humidity on the undersides of leaves (DeLong 1938).

Many factors affect the frequency and intensity of PLH infestations. Favourable weather

conditions are important for the build-up of heavy populations of this pest (Poos and Wheeler

1943). The stage of development, condition, abundance and continuity and the inherent

_ characteristics of preferred host plants at the time of infestation can dramatically affect the rate of

PLH oviposition and nymphal development (Poos and Wheeler 1943). The developmental stage

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

of the host also affects selection behaviour, as younger, more succulent tissue is favoured (Poos

and Wheeler 1943).

Although it is difficult to precisely determine what attracts PLHs to host plants, preliminary

evidence suggests that preferred varieties of edible beans are selected on the basis of visual properties

rather than olfactory cues (Bullas et al. unpublished). Lime green, spring green and yellow sticky

card traps attract the highest numbers of adults in free-choice tests (Chu et al. 2000). These hues

have relatively low reflectance values in the blue region of the spectrum (400-460 nm) and

moderately high reflectance in the green, yellow, and orange spectral regions (490-600 nm),

characteristic of the abaxial surfaces of many leguminous leaves (Chu et al. 2000). PLHs are least

attracted to colour card traps with low reflectance values at all wavelengths, such as black and dark

green, and those with moderately high reflectance in the blue and red regions of the spectrum (Chu

et al. 2000). Sampling of numerous potential native and exotic cultivated and natural hosts indicates

that PLHs prefer species belonging to the family Fabaceae, with 61.8% of the host species

represented by this family (Lamp et al. 1994).

Feeding Habits and Damage

In alfalfa and other preferred crops, the injection of copious amounts of watery, digestive

saliva into the plant and the mechanical damage that occurs during laceration result in the deformation

and blockage of sieve elements (Backus and Hunter 1989). Photosynthate accumulates above the

blockage and causes phytotoxicity (Backus and Hunter 1989).

Early investigators believed that the PLH was strictly a phloem-feeding pest (Hunter and

Backus 1989). However, the occurrence of dark green material in the gut, visible through the

transparent abdominal cuticle resulting from the consumption of significant quantities of non-

translocated, membrane-bound plant pigments such as chlorophyll, supports the hypothesis that

PLHs ingest from the mesophyll as well as the phloem (Hunter and Backus 1989). Feeding behaviour

may vary on different host plant species (Backus and Hunter 1989). For example, the PLH is

classified as a lacerate-and-flush feeder that preferentially ingests from mesophyll tissue on broad

beans and from phloem tissue on alfalfa (Hunter and Backus 1989). When the size of plant cells

changes in response to environmental stress factors, probing behaviour by the PLH is modified.

Water deficiency in alfalfa results in a shift from multiple-cell laceration to phloem ingestion,

which is less likely to induce hopperburn than the probing behaviour typically associated with

optimal moisture levels (Al-Dawood et al. 1996).

When stylets are damaged during feeding or probing and sheath saliva is deposited in the

phloem, cells may collapse and the xylem tissue may be reduced in size, quantity and total cross-

sectional area of mature tracheary elements. Ultimately, this may be expressed as leaf curl and

eventually as necrosis (Ecale and Backus 1995). Other wound responses to PLH-induced injury

include: cell wall loosening and collapse; organelle degradation and cell necrosis; increased mitotic

activity in surviving cells; enlargement of nuclei and nucleoli; thickening of secondary cell walls;

formation of wound phloem; transfer cell generation; and, premature formation of starch granules

in cortical parenchyma chloroplasts (Zhou and Backus 1999). An increase in carbohydrates in

damaged tissues suggests a feedback mechanism that enhances the nutritional suitability of the

host, subsequently improving plants as hosts for the development of immatures (Granovsky 1930;

Hibbs et al. 1964).

The extent of disruption of the translocation process depends upon the developmental stage of

the host and the pest. For example, late instar nymphs or adult females appear to cause more

damage than early instar nymphs or adult males (Zaky 1981, Flinn et al. 1990). In alfalfa, feeding

by fourth instar nymphs significantly reduces the amount of photoassimilate transported to injured

tissues, whereas feeding by adults or first instars leads to greater concentrations of assimilate in

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134. 2003

the stem below feeding sites (Nielsen et al. 1999). Young vegetative alfalfa plants show reduced

translocation rates to shoots, tips and crowns, while translocation is reduced to the crown only in

late vegetative plants. A reduction in the basal translocation of photoassimilates induced by lacerate-

and-flush feeders may reduce carbon storage and mobilization, nitrogen fixation and winter survival

(Lamp et al. 2001). In one study, photosynthate transport to tips of exposed alfalfa stems was

reduced up to 62% when compared to plants not exposed to PLH feeding (Nielsen et al. 1990). In

contrast, translocation in reproductive plants was not affected by PLH injury (Nielsen et al. 1999).

Although infested alfalfa requires more time to reach first bloom, injured plants can ultimately

compensate for reductions in nutrient yield associated with later bloom. Therefore harvest based

on occurrence of first bloom is preferred to minimize losses in digestible energy (Hutchins and

Pedigo 1990).

Disruption of physiological processes in the plant severely affects regrowth rates and survival

of alfalfa stands (Lamp et al. 2001). The consequences of intense feeding late in the growth cycle

should be considered when pest management initiatives are considered, to ensure persistence of

stands over time rather than primarily focusing on the growth of the current crop (Lamp et al.

2001). Transport processes are dramatically affected by PLH feeding during the early stages of

plant development when pest management decisions can prevent yield losses. Although the time of

arrival of PLHs is not related to the severity of damage, the frequency and number of arriving

PLHs, weather conditions during the growing season and crop management all contribute to the

ultimate extent of damage experienced by infested crops (Maredia et al. 1998).

Symptoms of Damage

Hopperburn, the disease-like condition induced by PLH feeding, results in reduced rates of

photosynthesis, respiration, and plant growth, causing considerable yield losses. The initiation of

hopperburn is associated with a cascade of biochemical and physiological changes in vascular

tissues that persist for 4 to 8 days (Al-Dawood et al. 1996). This cascade begins with the enhancement

of natural wound responses to the injection of saliva, followed by various forms of healing (AI-

Dawood et al. 1996). Hopperburn is characterized by distortion of leaf veins and a consequent

yellowing of the tissue around the margin and at the tip of the leaf. Symptoms in alfalfa commence

as V-shaped wedges of chlorotic tissue radiating from the midpoint of the midrib to the tip of the

leaflet (Nielsen et al. 1990). With continued feeding, there is cupping of the margins as the leaf

turns from yellow to brown and becomes dry and brittle (DeLong 1940). A central area along the

midrib, especially at the base near the petiole, is the last portion of the leaf to change colour.

Dwarfing may occur in leaves, stems and/or petioles, and floral development may be reduced or

arrested in affected plants.

The expression of hopperburn varies slightly between hosts. In alfalfa, this damage is known

as “leafhopper yellowing” although it may appear in shades of pink, red and purple as well as

yellow (Poos and Wheeler 1943). Damaged alfalfa plants are stunted and less vigorous and tend to

show less regrowth following cutting, lower protein levels, and increased winter mortality. Because

leaves contain the majority of digestible protein found in alfalfa plants, damage may result in

crude protein loss as high as 28.6% (Hower and Flinn 1986). Most damage to alfalfa occurs after

infestations of the second and third cuttings, as early season populations rarely reach damaging

numbers unless the first cutting is delayed.

On peanut, the disease-like injury inflicted by PLHs is referred to as “pouts” and is first

expressed by burning of the tips and margins of the leaves; then progresses to yellowing and dwarfing

of the foliage (Poos and Wheeler 1943).

Hopperburn in edible beans is expressed as yellowing and downward curling of leaves, followed

: by necrosis, stunted growth, reduced pod number, reduced number of seeds per pod, and reduced

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

seed weight when infestations are severe (Schoonhoven et al. 1978). The severity of damage is

correlated with yield reductions in unprotected plots of susceptible cultivars (Lindgren and Coyne

1994).

Management

Economic Importance

The PLH is a serious pest of many agricultural crops in Ontario, particularly edible bean,

potato, alfalfa, peanut Arachis hypogeae L. (Rosales: Leguminosae) and soybean. Traditionally,

PLHs could be expected sporadically in hot, dry seasons in the more southern regions of Ontario

such as the counties of Kent and Essex and the Regional Municipality of Niagara. With the increased

occurrence of hot, dry summers, the frequency of economic infestations of PLHs have increased in

the last 15 years, and more frequent damage is now seen in Middlesex, Huron and Perth Counties

to the north and east of the traditional area.

In 2001, approximately 61,650 ha of edible beans, 17,320 ha of potatoes, 853,900 ha of

alfalfa, and 900,400 ha of soybeans were grown in Ontario (Anonymous 2001). Although some

peanuts are grown in Ontario, the total area is considered insignificant, and their contribution to

the agricultural economy is low. While soybean is a major cash crop in Ontario, economic losses

are rare because PLHs are mainly repelled by dense leaf pubescence (Elden and Lambert 1992).

The damage inflicted by the PLH has the potential to reduce yields by 20-30% in alfalfa

and potatoes and as much as 60% in edible beans; this corresponds to potential losses of a quarter

of a billion dollars in Ontario per annum. With a total annual farm gate value of $60,000,000

(Anonymous 2001), the potential loss for edible beans is $12,000,000 without considering the

value-added costs further down the food supply chain. In 2001, potatoes and alfalfa had total farm

gate values of $87,444,000 and $305,900,000 respectively. This translates to potential losses of

about $52,470,000 for potato and $183,540,000 for alfalfa.

Losses in alfalfa are currently underestimated by producers (Peter Johnson OMAF extension

specialist, pers. communication), especially in the northern counties where growers are

unaccustomed to scouting for PLHs. The majority of economic losses in forage legumes are linked

to reductions in biomass associated with shorter stems (Lefko et al. 2000a).

The cost of protection against the PLH varies amongst crops. In edible beans, most growers

apply dimethoate from one to four times per season. Based on the average production figures and

estimates of treated areas, and at a cost of about $36 per ha including application and insecticide

costs, growers spend close to $2.25 million annually for each insecticide treatment. It is more

difficult to calculate the cost of control in potatoes, because PLH protection is often secondary to

protection from other insects such as aphids or the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata

(Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Ten years ago, 10% of the alfalfa producers in the Niagara

region sprayed once per season for PLH. More recently, about 50% of these producers applied at

least one insecticide per season for PLH and 10 % applied an insecticide as required by monitoring

thresholds after every harvest (Winnicki, Clark AgriService, pers. communication). While PLH-

resistant alfalfa cultivars have recently been introduced, currently less than 5% of the new seedings

comprise resistant cultivars (Welbanks, Pioneer Hi-Bred Canada, pers. communication). Growers

within the Niagara region have planted PLH-resistant cultivars at an extra seed cost of about $25.00/

ha, but have found that some insecticide treatments are still required (Winnicki, Clark AgriService,

pers. communication).

Monitoring and Action Thresholds

It is difficult to accurately predict the arrival and magnitude of spring PLH populations, and

management strategies are usually reactive rather than proactive (Maredia et al. 1998). In some

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134. 2003

northern regions, large influxes of adult PLHs arrive without warning and result in major economic

losses in regional crops before management of the pest can be implemented (Maredia et al. 1998).

Preventative management strategies for control of the PLH require an understanding of the

relationship between weather, pest status and arrival times. A variety of techniques have been

investigated for sampling the PLH, including sweep netting, pan traps, in situ counts, D-vac sampling,

and the use of other traps, but few techniques are adequate for preventative management decisions

(DeGooyer et al. 1998). Delong (1940) stated that although counting the entire catch obtained by

100 full sweeps of a standard sweep net provided an index of species present, the results obtained

by this method were highly variable and of limited value. However, in spite of the questionable

precision of this technique, alfalfa is commonly monitored in early July or after the first cutting by

taking 20 sweeps in five representative areas of the field. Crop height in each sampled area is also

considered. As the height of alfalfa increases, the number of PLHs necessary to cause economic

damage also increases. For example, economic thresholds for PLHs are 0.2 adults/net sweep, 0.5

adults/net sweep, 1.0 adult or nymph/sweep net and 2.0 adults or nymphs/sweep net for stem

heights of 7.5 cm, 15 cm, 20-25 cm and 30-35 cm respectively (Wilson 1981). Sampling should be

performed on warm, calm days.

Yellow sticky traps oriented horizontally and level with the top of the canopy can provide

effective relative estimates of PLH densities in alfalfa (DeGooyer et al. 1998). However, higher

accuracy is obtained from counts of nymphs per 25 or 50 trifoliate leaves randomly selected from

a plot. Nymphs are preferred for monitoring because adults are highly mobile and move among

plants, rows and fields within a particular area, and eggs are not visible unless leaf tissue has been

cleared.

Monitoring for adults in potatoes involves 10 random sweep net samples, with management

decisions based on a treatment threshold of 5 to 10 PLHs per sweep (Whalen 2000). Nominal

thresholds in beans are based on the number of nymphs per leaf with consideration of the stage of

plant development. In Ontario, treatment is recommended when an average of 0.25 nymphs per

leaf are detected at the unifoliate stage or 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 nymphs at second trifoliate, fourth trifoliate

and first bloom, respectively (Anonymous 2002a). Sweep nets to sample adults in edible beans are

not recommended under humid conditions because of the high risk of spreading bacterial disease.

Economic Injury Levels

Economic injury levels (EIL) for the PLH are commonly expressed as the number of injury

equivalents per production unit. The EIL is equivalent to the cost of management per production

unit divided by the market value per production unit, multiplied by the yield loss per insect and the

proportionate reduction of the insect population (Ogunlana and Pedigo 1974; Hunt et al. 2000).

Due to varying levels of resistance or susceptibility, the EIL for the PLH varies with the infested

crop and variety. PLH resistance creates a significant yield advantage, warranting the calculation

of separate EILs for susceptible and resistant cultivars (Lefko et al. 2000a). The absence of well-

defined EILs for PLHs has led to the prophylactic application of insecticides (Ogunlana and Pedigo

1974). The EIL is dynamic and must be adjusted according to current market values and

environmental conditions (Ogunlana and Pedigo 1974). Considering these factors, Ogunlana and

Pedigo (1974) calculated a gain threshold for PLHs in soybeans for aerial application of malathion

at the rate of 100 kg/ha. This gain threshold translated into an EIL, which ranged from | PLH/2

trifoliates to 18 PLH/2 trifoliates at the R7 stage of development when beans are beginning to

form.

Seedling soybeans are most at risk when late planting is followed by a large migration of

PLHs (Hunt et al. 2000). Seedling soybean leaves (VC through V4) are primarily composed of

young, expanding tissue with softer, less abundant pubescence and consequently are more susceptible

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

to PLHs than older, hardened-off leaves (Hunt et al. 2000). Therefore, the EIL for soybeans increases

with plant maturity, and ranges from 1.4-3.6 PLH/plant at the V1 stage (2 trifoliate leaves) to 6.5-

16.7 PLH/plant at V4 (Hunt et al. 2000). Onstad et al. (1984) described a similar relationship for

alfalfa in a model which incorporated pest density, infestation period, weather, crop condition and

the management tactic selected.

Natural Enemies

Due to its capacity to rapidly attain damaging populations and move freely, the PLH is not a

suitable candidate for biological control initiatives. Preliminary trials showed that chrysopids and

coccinellids, both natural predators of the PLH, consumed only 23 and 10 nymphs, respectively,

over a five-day period (Fenton and Hartzell 1923). Despite the fact that up to 40% of PLH eggs are

effectively parasitized by the small hymenopteran Anagrus armatus (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera:

Mymaridae), this parasitoid was unable to maintain sufficient control under field conditions

(McGuire unpublished).

Zoophthora radicans (Brefeld) Batko (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales) (synonym: Erynia

radicans (Brefeld)), a fungus, causes natural epizootics in PLH populations under a narrow

environmental regime (Magalhaes et al. 1991). The formation of appressoria, the infectious structure

of this fungus, depends upon temperatures between 25° and 30°C, the presence of nitrogen and

carbon sources in specific concentrations, and a specific volume of water covering the conidia

prior to germination (Magalhaes et al. 1991). Since such precise requirements are not often

experienced under Ontario growing conditions, Z. radicans is not currently viewed as a reliable

control agent for this province.

Insecticides

Insecticides are the primary means of control for the PLH. Bordeaux mixture, a stomach

poison, was the first effective insecticide used to control PLH infestations in potatoes (Fenton and

Hartzel 1923). Once adults were detected, a calendar-spray program was initiated with applications

at 10-day to two-week intervals. Later, pyrethrum extracts applied to PLHs on bean plants killed

all individuals within a few hours, but had no impact on hatching nymphs or eggs (DeLong 1940).

In the 1970s granular formulations of disulfoton, carbofuran and phorate were applied to

control PLHs in white beans (Judge et al. 1970). In recent years, organophosphorus insecticides

such as dimethoate and phorate and some pyrethroids have been widely used for PLH control.

Current recommendations for edible beans in Ontario involve the banded application of phorate

applied at planting and/or foliar application of dimethoate when population estimates exceed

thresholds (Anonymous 2001). Chloronicotiny! insecticides such as imidichloprid, clothianidin

and thiamethoxam applied as a seed treatment have shown some promise for control of PLHs in

edible beans (Gillard et al. unpublished). This new class of chemistry is favoured because of its

novel mode of action, systemic properties and low environmental risk.

Producers rely mainly on foliar insecticides to control PLHs in alfalfa. Control initiatives

must be implemented before symptoms are recognized because plants do not recover well once the

transport system of the plant has been disrupted. Therefore applications should be made in strict

accordance with damage thresholds. While the application of methoxychlor can substantially

increase alfalfa yields when PLH pressure is high, there is considerable regulatory pressure to end

the use of chlorinated hydrocarbons (Davis and Fick 1995). Currently, in Ontario, foliar applications

of dimethoate, azinphos-methy] or cyhalothrin-lambda are recommended. While cyhalothrin-lambda

is preferred from a user and environmental safety viewpoint, the organophosphorus insecticides

are more cost effective.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

PLHs on potatoes in Ontario are usually controlled secondarily to other major pests such as

Colorado potato beetle or aphids (Anonymous 2004). Many of the potatoes in Ontario are treated

with in-furrow granular imidacloprid to control Colorado potato beetle. Due to its systemic

properties, this application of imidacloprid provides extended protection against PLHs. There are

a number of foliar insecticides from several classes of pesticide chemistry that may be used if PLH

problems continue throughout the season (Anonymous 2002b).

Host Plant Resistance

Resistant crop lines are feasible alternatives to chemical control practices, and have limited

input costs and environmental concerns (Murray et al. 2001). Three main types of resistance all

affect PLH host selection. Antibiosis is a direct form of resistance that is detrimental to the pest,

causes reduced fecundity, and induces morphological defects or mortality. Antixenosis is circuitous,

insects are repelled, and this is ultimately expressed as non-preference for a particular variety

(Painter 1951; Kogan and Ortman 1978). Tolerance may be defined as the ability of a plant to

support a pest population without sustaining damage that would compromise a susceptible plant

(Painter 1951; Lefko et al. 2000b).

Cultivars of edible beans, Phaseolus vulgaris (Rosales: Leguminosae) differ in their resistance

to the PLH. The inheritance of resistance factors in P. vulgaris is polygenic and is increased by

recurrent selection (Cardona and Kornegay 1999). Breeding programs have successfully increased

tolerance to PLH feeding damage, which has been incorporated into a number of bean market

types (Cardona and Kornegay 1999). In Ontario, several small white-seeded experimental lines

appear promising, combining resistance to PLHs, high yields, and good canning qualities (Cardona

and Kornegay 1999). Non-volatile surface compounds often prevent or alter feeding behaviour by

means of antixenotic and antibiotic resistance, while physiological tolerance mechanisms reduce

the response of the host to feeding (Shockley and Backus 2002).

White beans might be classed as an intermediately susceptible market class to PLH because

insect survival is not affected but reproduction is impeded (Ghosh et al. 1968). In another study

conducted by Ghosh et al. (1968), PLHs reared on red kidney beans had an initial mortality rate of

50% rising to 100% by the second week of exposure, suggesting that this variety showed signs of

antibiosis, perhaps due to unique plant lectins. A lethal protein called phytohemagglutinin (PHA)

is produced as a defence mechanism by some species of Fabaceae (Habibi et al. 1993). When

ingested, this compound rapidly kills PLHs. This defence mechanism appears promising for

manipulation via DNA recombinant technology to achieve resistance in susceptible host plants

(Habibi et al. 1993).

In summary, edible bean lines with low hopperburn scores associated with low nymphal

populations may express antixenosis, whereas lines with high nymphal populations and low

hopperburn scores, may predominantly be physiologically tolerant to PLHs (Kornegay et al. 1986;

Schaafsma et al. 1998).

Most authors report that trichome morphology and density on edible beans do not play a

major role in tolerance to PLHs (Schaafsma et al. 1998; Shockley and Backus 2002; Ranger and

Hower 2001). Blends of volatile compounds, particularly viscous trichome exudates, are more

likely to contribute to PLH resistance in alfalfa (Ranger and Hower 2001). The normal dense

pubescence commonly found in most soybean cultivars provide a high level of resistance to the

PLH, and significantly reduce feeding damage and oviposition and have increased adult mortality,

in contrast to glabrous varieties which are much more susceptible to damage (Ogunlana and Pedigo

1974; Elden and Lambert 1992).

Traditional field-screening has been used by alfalfa breeding companies to select genotypes

that appear resistant to hopperburn (Shockley and Backus 2002). Because mechanisms of resistance

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

are chemically and physically based, adult PLHs may be repelled or not attracted by volatiles,

while glandular hairs may impede development of nymphs (Ranger and Hower 2001). Genotype

G98A has been identified as the most repellent and consequently the most resistant variety of

alfalfa, in contrast to Ranger, the least repellent and most susceptible alfalfa cultivar (Shockley et

al. 2002). Trichomes on glandular-haired varieties of alfalfa are the source for the physio-chemical

defensive parameter that makes G98A and 1-27-1 resistant (Shockley et al. 2002). More PLH

mortality is observed on these genotypes than on all others (Shockley et al. 2002). Less feeding

damage and lower nymphal populations were observed on the alfalfa germplasm B16-PLH, which

has highly pubescent stems and is desirable due to its height, rapid growth, and winter hardiness

when compared with Ranger and other susceptible varieties (Elden and Elgin 1989). The effects of

trichomes and PLH resistance are indirectly linked to hopperburn resistance which involves

additional resistance factors (Shockley et al. 2002). Alfalfa that is resistant to the PLH produces

more dry matter than susceptible genotypes, due to more nodes, longer internodes, longer stems

and less hopperburn. These genotypes therefore can maintain more leaves, which leads to higher

total crop yield and forage value (Lefko et al. 2000a). AmeriGuard 301, Trailblazer, 5347LH and

the experimental line XAE49, are tolerant alfalfa cultivars that perform better than susceptible

cultivars when PLH populations are high (Lefko et al. 2000b). In alfalfa, there appears to be a

chemical basis for the marked non-preference or antixenotic mechanism of resistance (Horber et

al. 1974). Saponins appear to deter PLHs in alfalfa and appear more toxic at higher concentrations

(Horber et al. 1974).

Similar instances of resistance are apparent in potatoes; when PLH populations are high,

larger, more succulent varieties show considerably less damage and have higher yields than

susceptible cultivars (Fenton and Hartzell 1923). There is a negative correlation between total

glycoalkaloid concentrations and nymphal survival, duration of settling, ingestion as well as non-

feeding on Solanum species (Raman et al.1979).

Trap-Cropping

The distinct preferences of phytophagous insects for particular varieties or growth stages

of host plants may be exploited by modification of crop management practices. Intercropping

systems provide diversity of host and nonhost vegetation that results in substantially lower pest

populations when compared with monocultures (Brewer and Schmidt 1995). Typical intercrops

employ the same proportions of host and non-host vegetation, thereby altering host selection habits

and consequently reducing population densities (Miklasiewicz and Hammond 2001). A soybean-

wheat cropping system initially contains significantly fewer female PLHs, and consequently a

smaller population over the course of the year, relative to a uniform planting of soybean

(Miklasiewicz and Hammond 2001). Similar suppression of the PLH occurs when alfalfa is

intercropped with grassy weeds, forage grasses or oats (Lamp et al. 1984; Lamp 1991). The adoption

of intercropping at the farm level has been low because of the rapid and visible control of pests

achieved with insecticide application and the complexities that can be encountered with intercropping

systems on a large scale.

Trap-cropping, a special type of intercropping, involves the planting of a crop or variety more

attractive to the insect pest along with the less attractive main crop. Trap-cropping is most successful

if the two plantings are of the same species, because their harvest times will coincide and the trap

variety will contribute to the total yield of the harvest (Brewer and Schmidt 1995). The trap-cropping

system is most effective when the trap cultivar is more attractive than the main cultivar during the

critical period of pest colonization. When presented with a more favourable substitute, pests tend

to move into the trap-crop where they may then be controlled by insecticides or some other means.

This management tactic leads to a reduction in insecticide application as the trap variety or crop,

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

commonly planted as border rows, may constitute less than 20% of the entire crop. Management

costs and environmental impact are reduced because it is not necessary to treat the entire field.

The behaviour of the PLH lends itself to trap-cropping in edible beans. Short distance dispersal

of this pest is mainly restricted to border rows of adjacent fields, which coincides with the typical

orientation of trap plantings. With the distinct varietal preferences exhibited by PLHs, a large

proportion of the pest population could potentially be diverted from the main crop into the preferred

trap cultivar. Saxena et al. (1988) found significantly higher yields in trap fields of a susceptible

cultivar of rice compared with a control field not treated to control Cicadellidae.

Under field conditions, ‘Berna Dutch brown’ bean is preferred by the PLH over all other

varieties grown in Ontario (Wylde 1999). Preliminary work (Bullas et al. unpublished) has suggested

that plantings of this variety in combination with chloronicotinyl seed treatments is a promising

control strategy. A major concern with the use of Berna Dutch brown bean plants as a trap-crop is

its limited market. Growers cannot afford to remove a significant percentage of their acreage from

production. For this approach to be successful in edible bean production, a significant profit

advantage would be required to offset the opportunity cost of the trap-crop. Trap-cropping is a

feasible management practice that may enhance yields while preserving the ecological integrity of

the agroecosystem. Problems such as insecticide resistance, pest resurgence, adverse impacts on

non-target organisms and secondary outbreaks of pests, commonly associated with the overuse of

pesticides, can be reduced with the use of trap-crops.

Conclusions

Potato leafhoppers in Ontario field crops tend to be increasing in incidence and severity due

to more frequent hot and dry summers. The potato leafhopper is no longer considered a sporadic

pest because infestations are more frequent and regular and require extensive monitoring and

treatment. Given that a relatively low number of potato leafhoppers in a crop can result in significant

damage, more attention to monitoring is required for early detection. Alternatives to broadcast

insecticide applications such as trap-crops, seed treatments and plant resistance are needed and

crop producers need to be educated in the adoption of these practices.

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Maredia, K.M., M.E. Whalon, S.H. Gage, and M.J. Kaeb. 1998. Observations of first occurrence

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16 c

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

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(Homoptera: Cicadellidae) Established on Stand Alfalfa. PhD. Dissertation, The Pennsylvania

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Zhou, C.L.E. and E.A. Backus. 1999. Phloem injury and repair following potato leafhopper feeding

on alfalfa. Canadian Journal of Botany, 77: 537-547.

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134. 2003

AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF THE SPHECIFORM WASPS OF ONTARIO

(HYMENOPTERA: AMPULICIDAE, SPHECIDAE AND CRABRONIDAE)

MATTHIAS BUCK

Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph,

Ontario, Canada, NIG 2W1. E-mail: mbuck@evb.uoguelph.ca.

Abstract J. ent. Soc. Ont. 134: 19-84

A checklist of Ontario spheciform wasps (Ampulicidae, Sphecidae,

Crabronidae) is presented based on a comprehensive study of all collections

with major holdings of Ontario material, a critical review of previously published

records and extensive field work. A total of 278 species is recorded, including

114 new provincial and 53 new Canadian records. The Palaearctic species

Pemphredon morio is recorded for the first time from North America, and seven

species, Passaloecus borealis, Tachysphex alpestris, Solierella levis, Trypoxylon

bidentatum, T. sculleni, Mellinus abdominalis and Nysson hesperus are recorded

for the first time from the eastern Nearctic. The distribution of Ontario sphecids

is discussed with special ‘native on species with odd distribution patterns and

introduced species.

Introduction

The spheciform wasps (Ampulicidae, Sphecidae and Crabronidae, from here on simply referred

to as “sphecids’’) are a group of aculeate Hymenoptera that has attracted much interest because of

their complex breeding behaviour. Adults of this group include very small and inconspicuous insects

as well as some of the largest and most spectacular wasps of our fauna. Besides their fascinating

biology this group is of interest to ecologists and conservation biologists because many of its

species inhabit vulnerable and endangered habitats. The taxonomy of most genera is comparatively

well known, at least for the eastern Nearctic species. Despite this, the Canadian sphecid fauna has

been very poorly studied except for the province of Quebec and the Yukon Territory (Finnamore

1982, 1997).

The present study aims towards narrowing this gap by providing the first annotated checklist

of Ontario sphecids, including over a hundred new records for the province. Because most species

reach the northern or northeastern limit of their range somewhere within the province, this checklist

also provides an important reference for anyone interested in the biogeography of Nearctic sphecids.

Furthermore, this work is relevant for the development of national species protection strategies

because many Canadian sphecid species (ca. one quarter of the species known from Ontario) occur

in no other Canadian province or territory except Ontario. This area is also the most densely populated

in the country and some of the species in question are restricted to habitats that are very sensitive

to human disturbance.

Up to now only about 165 sphecid species have been reported from Ontario (Krombein 1979,

and other authors: see Table I), insignificantly more than the 163 species recorded from Quebec

(Provancher 1883, 1885-1889, Finnamore 1982, additions by Dollfuss 1995; misidentifications

and doubtful records excluded). Considering the more southern location of Ontario, which includes

parts of the Carolinian life zone, one would expect a much higher number of species than in Quebec.

In fact, the present work demonstrates that the previously recorded 165 species represent less than

* 60 % of the total fauna.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

The earliest works on the sphecid fauna of Ontario were published by Provancher (1883,

1885-1889) and Harrington (1902). Harrington (who included all of Provancher’s records) reported

73 valid species from the Ottawa region. Despite being published over a century ago, his work

remains by far the most extensive previously published paper on Ontario sphecids. Later, Walker

(1913) published a list of species from Toronto (26 species) and Brown (1934) studied the fauna of

the Temagami [= Timagami] area in northern Ontario (16 species). Fye (1965) reported on the

biology of three species of Pemphredoninae. Only recently, further faunistic papers were published:

Blades and Marshall (1994) listed 11 species taken in pan traps in south-central Ontario peatlands.

Sugar et al. (1998) recorded 39 species from oak savannah habitats in southern Ontario and

Skevington et al. (2001) provided a checklist of the species of Lambton County in southwestern

Ontario including 28 taxa. In an unpublished report to Parks Canada Marshall et al. (2001) recorded

57 species from Bruce County in southcentral Ontario.

The present paper represents the first checklist on Ontario spheciform wasps. The preparation

of this list involved a critical review of all previously published species records, a comprehensive

study of all major collections, and four years of field work. The distribution of Ontario sphecids is

discussed with emphasis on species with unusual distribution patterns and introduced species.

Materials and Methods

Material examined. The present checklist is based mostly on material in the following five

major collections: University of Guelph, Department of Environmental Biology (Guelph); Canadian

National Collection of Insects (Ottawa); Laurence Packer collection (York University, Toronto);

Royal Ontario Museum (Toronto); and University of Manitoba, Entomology Department (Winnipeg).

The study involved a review of Ontario material from these collections including verification of

previous determinations and identification of all previously unidentified specimens. In the case of

material from the Canadian National Collection previous identifications were only reviewed in

their entirety for taxonomically difficult groups, for rare species, and for unpublished Ontario

records; otherwise only a few voucher specimens per species were checked. A.V. Antropov (in

litt.) provided data on some specimens of Trypoxy/on currently on loan to him from their collection.

Occasional records from other collections were included if available (see list of depositories below).

F.E. Kurcezewski (in /itt.) kindly provided additional data from his collection, and H.S. Court and

W.J. Pulawski (in /itt.) contributed records form the collection of the California Academy of Sciences.

Two records were included based on photographs of live specimens taken in the field by H. Goulet

(Canadian National Collection).

Classification and Identification. The nomenclature used in this paper follows almost entirely’

the “Catalog of Sphecidae sensu lato” which is available on the internet and is constantly updated

(Pulawski 2004). Following Melo (1999) the following families and subfamilies of Ontario

spheciform wasps are recognised: Ampulicidae, Sphecidae (including only Sphecinae sensu Bohart

and Menke 1976), and Crabronidae*: (including subfamilies Pemphredoninae, Astatinae,

Crabroninae [incl. Larrinae], Bembicinae and Philanthinae). The systematic arrangement of taxa

largely follows Krombein (1979) except where conflicting with modern classification. In a few

cases new synonymies and revised species concepts (within Hoplisoides, Nysson and Epinysson)

are being used that will be discussed in detail in separate publications (Buck, in prep.). Identifications

‘The proposed synonymy of Synnevrus with Nysson is not adopted here because it has never

been published formally.

* Melo’s controversial placement of the Ammoplanina and Mellinini in the Astatinae and the

Crabroninae, respectively, is not adopted here.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134. 2003

for certain species of the following groups were checked by specialists: Podalonia (A.S. Menke.

Ammophila Research Institute, Arizona), Tachysphex, Tachytes (W.J. Pulawski, California Academy

of Sciences), and the Trypoxylon figulus-group (A.V. Antropov, Zoological Museum, Moscow State

University). Helen S. Court (California Academy of Sciences) provided crucial help in identifying

some species of Nysson and Synnevrus.

Recording standards for new Ontario records. The current edition of the “Catalog of the

Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico” (Krombein 1979) often provides distribution ranges

rather than explicit provincial or state records. Therefore the presence or absence of certain species

in Ontario is not always clear. In the absence of other explicit literature records the following

standard was adopted for interpreting distribution ranges in Krombein (1979): Species with entries

in the form of “Canada and U-S. east of 100" meridian”, or “transcontinental in Transition and

Austral Zones” were considered published Ontario records if the presence of the species was

confirmed by specimens in collections. However, species with catalog entries like “Upper and

Lower Austral Zones of North America” were treated as unrecorded because the Upper Austral

Zone merely touches extreme southwestern Ontario along the shore of Lake Erie, including the

Niagara Peninsula (see Scudder 1979, Fig. 3.11).

Recording species distributions within Ontario. The locality records under each species

are arranged according to Ontario’s primary administrative divisions (Figs 1, 2). Unfortunately,

names for these divisions sometimes vary according to the source (e.g., Natural Resources Canada

2004, Ontario Road Atlas 2003). The names adopted here are the ones used by Natural Resources

Canada (2004) on their website “Geographical Names of Canada’. The following administrative

divisions have alternative names (names used in Ontario Road Atlas (2003) given in parentheses):

Carleton (City of Ottawa), Kent (Municipality of Chatham-Kent), Victoria (City of Kawartha Lakes),

Wentworth (City of Hamilton). The following divisions have been amalgamated according to some

sources: Toronto and York (Regional Municipality of York), Lincoln and Welland (Regional

Municipality of Niagara), Haldimand and Norfolk (Haldimand-Norfolk Region). Formerly Ontario’s

administrative divisions were either termed ‘counties’ or ‘districts’. Recently many counties have

adopted alternative terms like ‘regional municipality’, “municipality”, ‘city’ or even ‘management

unit’ (Ontario Road Atlas 2003). For the sake of simplicity only the names proper (excluding all

attributes like ‘regional municipality’, ‘county’, ‘district’, etc.) are used in the presentation of data

below.

Prey records. Prey records are given in a separate paragraph under each species where

available. Females that were collected with prey are indicated by asterisks (*) or superscript numbers

(e.g., ') in the data paragraph. Most prey items were identified by S.M. Paiero (University of

Guelph) (all Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Tettigoniidae, Tridactylidae and Blattaria) except for Acrididae,

which were determined by D.L. Johnson (Agriculture Canada, Lethbridge), and some Apoidea and

Diptera identified by the author.

Specimen depositories. All material is deposited in the University of Guelph Insect Collection

(DEBU) unless indicated otherwise: BAR — private collection of Brad Amal and Harold Duggan,

Waterloo, Ontario; BCPM — Royal British Columbia Museum, Victoria, British Columbia; CASC

— California Academy of Sciences, Department of Entomology, San Francisco, California; CNCI—

Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa, Ontario; EDUM — J.B. Wallis Museum,

Entomology Department, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba; FEK — collection of Frank

E. Kurczewski, Syracuse, New York: LEMQ — Lyman Entomological Museum, McDonald College,

McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec; LPC — collection of Laurence Packer, York

University, Toronto, Ontario; PMAE — Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta; ROME

— Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario; TAMU — Department of Entomology, Texas A&M

” University, College Station, Texas; ULQC — University of Laval, Department of Biology, Quebec,

Quebec; USNM — United States National Museum, Washington, D.C.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Hudson

Bay

James

Bay

pA TB

Lake

Superior

0 100 200

Se eee

Miles

FIGURE |. Districts of northern Ontario.

Abbreviations: Al — Algoma; Co — Cochrane; Ka — Kenora; Ni — Nipissing; RR — Rainy

River; Su — Sudbury; TB — Thunder Bay; Ti — Timiskaming. Modified from: Brock University

Map Library. Ontario — regional municipalities, counties & districts (PDF file). Software edition.

St. Catharines, Ontario: Brock University Map Library. 2004. File name: ontario.pdf.

Other Abbreviations. Abbreviations for provinces and territories in Canada and for states in

the United States are the same ones that are used by the postal systems in both countries (e.g. MB

= Manitoba, MI= Michigan). Only one exception applies: records from the Province of Newfoundland

and Labrador are recorded separately as “LB” (= Labrador) and “NF” (= Newfoundland excluding

Labrador). Further abbreviations: ANSI = Area of Natural and Scientific Interest.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Al oiasing ' é

»*. <o=_Mal Quebec

ea A |

Georgian

Bay

SD 4

a ie

Lake Huron > po

/ Be Var

Lake Ontario

apie

United {

United States

FIGURE 2. Counties and districts of southern Ontario.

Abbreviations: Al — Algoma; Bc — Bruce; Bt — Brant; Ca — Carleton; Df — Dufferin; Dh —

Durham; El — Elgin; Es — Essex; Fr — Frontenac; Gr — Grey; Hb — Haliburton; Hd — Haldimand; Hl

— Halton; Hs — Hastings; Hu — Huron; Kt — Kent; LA — Lennox and Addington; Lb — Lambton; LG

— Leeds and Grenville; Li — Lincoln; Lk — Lanark; Ma — Manitoulin; Mi — Middlesex; Mu —

Muskoka; Nf — Norfolk; Ni — Nipissing; Nt — Northumberland; Ox — Oxford; Pb — Peterborough;

PE — Prince Edward; PI — Peel; PR — Prescott and Russell; PS — Parry Sound; Pt — Perth; Re —

Renfrew; SD — Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry; Si — Simcoe; Su — Sudbury; Vi — Victoria; Wa —

Waterloo; Wd — Welland; Wg — Wellington; Ww —Wentworth; Yo — York. Modified from: Brock

University Map Library. Southern Ontario (PDF file). Software edition. St. Catharines, Ontario:

Brock University Map Library. 2004. File name: sont.pdf.

Results

A complete list of Ontario sphecid species is given in Table I. The table includes previous

literature records (examples only), gives brief information on the distribution in Canada and North

America, and records the presence of species in the five major collections studied. The following

section (starting on p. 32) deals only with the species newly recorded from Ontario. Specimen data

is only provided for species newly recorded from Ontario, supplemented with brief information on

the overall distribution, biology, and prey records from examined material. New records from

other provinces were also included if available. Table II gives an overview of the distribution of

newly recorded species in Ontario counties, regions and districts. The status of some rare (but previously

recorded species) is discussed on p. 74. Species that were erroneously recorded from Ontario are

treated on pp. 75-76. Other misidentifications in previous papers (Harrington 1902; Walker 1913;

Brown 1934; Blades and Marshall 1994) are corrected in a separate section (pp. 76-77).

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario

Volume 134, 2003

TABLE I. Checklist of the spheciform wasps (Ampulicidae, Sphecidae, Crabronidae) of Ontario.

= , a ee ae ae ae ae et

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P M Species

ee ee ee ae ee es

Ampulicidae

Dolichurus greenei Rohwer, 1916

Ampulex canaliculata Say, 1823

Sphecidae

Chlorion aerarium Patton, 1879

Chalybion californicum (Saussure, 1867)

Podium luctuosum Smith, 1856

Sceliphron caementarium (Drury, 1773)

Sphex ichneumoneus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Sphex pensylvanicus Linnaeus, 1763

/sodontia apicalis (Smith, 1856)

Isodontia auripes (Fernald, 1906)

Isodontia mexicana (Saussure, 1867)

Palmodes dimidiatus (DeGeer, 1773)

Prionyx atratus (Lepeletier, 1845)

Prionyx canadensis (Provancher, 1887)

Prionyx parkeri Bohart & Menke, 1963

Podalonia luctuosa (Smith, 1856)

Podalonia robusta (Cresson, 1865)

Podalonia violaceipennis (Lepeletier, 1845)

Eremnophila aureonotata (Cameron, 1888)

Ammophila azteca Cameron, 1888

Ammophila cleopatra Menke, 1964

Ammophila evansi Menke, 1964

Ammophila fernaldi (Murray, 1938)

Ammophila harti (Fernald, 1931)

Ammophila kennedyi (Murray, 1938)

Ammophila mediata Cresson, 1865

Ammophila nigricans Dahibom, 1843

Ammophila pictipennis (Walsh, 1869)

Ammophila procera Dahibom, 1843

Ammophila urnaria Dahibom, 1843

Crabronidae, Pemphredoninae

Mimesa cressonii Packard, 1867

Mimesa dawsoni Mickel, 1916

Mimesa ezra (Pate, 1944)

Mimesa foxi Finnamore, 1980

Mimesa gregaria (Fox, 1898)

Mimesa huron Finnamore, 1980

Mimesa lutaria (Fabricius, 1787)

Mimesa maculipes Fox, 1893

Mimesa pauper Packard, 1867

Mimesa pygidialis (Malloch, 1933)

Mimumesa atratina (Morawitz, 1891)

Mimumesa canadensis (Malloch, 1933)

Mimumesa Clypeata (Fox, 1898)

Mimumesa leucopus (Say, 1837)

Mimumesa longicornis (Fox, 1898)

Mimumesa mellipes (Say, 1837)

Mimumesa nigra (Packard, 1867)

Mimumesa propinqua (Kincaid, 1900)

Mimumesa sp.n. A

Pseneo simplicicornis (Fox, 1898)

Psen barthi Viereck, 1907

Psen erythropoda Rohwer, 1910

Psen monticola (Packard, 1867)

Psenulus pallipes (Panzer, 1798)

Psenulus trisulcus (Fox, 1898)

Diodontus adamsi Titus, 1909

Diodontus bidentatus Rohwer, 1911

Diodontus flavitarsis Fox, 1892

Diodontus minutus (Fabricius, 1793)

Diodontus spiniferus (Mickel, 1916)

Diodontus virginianus (Rohwer, 1917)

Pemphredon baltica Merisuo, 1972

Pemphredon foxii Rohwer, 1917

Distribution (CDN)

Carol., Trans.

Carolinian

NS to QC, BC

Carolinian

NS to QC, PE, BC

QC, BC

Carolinian

(Carolinian)

QC, SK, BC

MB to BC

(Carolinian)

transcontinental

QC to AB

transcontinental

Carol., Trans.

(Carolinian)

QC to BC

MB, AB

NB, QC, AB

NF to AB, PE, NT

NS to BC, LB, NT, YT

NS to QC

LB to BC, PE, NT, YT

NF to BC, PE, NT

MB to AB

LB, AB, BC, NT, YT

transcontinental

LB, SK, AB, NT, YT, (AK)

QC, AB, YT

SK to BC, YT

NB, QC, AB

QC, BC

AB, QC

Carolinian

NB, BC, NT, YT

NB to MB, AB

Distr. (N.Am.) Literature Records

eastern

transcont.

eastern

transcont.

w. to AZ

eastern

e. of Rockies

transcont.

eastern

e. of 100°W

transcont.

eastern

w. to AZ

w. to UT

transcont.

eastern

transcont.

eastern

transcont.

w. to UT

w. to CO

w. to WY

transcont.

eastern

Holarctic

eastern

transcont.

central

Holarctic

transcont.

north.-mont.

eastern

transcont.

northern

eastern

Holarctic

eastern

transcont.?

transcont.

Holarctic

transcont.

Holarctic

w. to AZ

Krombein 1979

Finnamore & Michener 1993 *)

O’Brien 1989b

H 1902, W 1913, F 1982

new (CDN)

H 1902, W 1913, BM 1963, SCS 2001

W 1913, BM 1963, SCS 2001

new

new (CDN)

BM 1963

new (CDN)

BM 1963

new (CDN)

H 1902, W 1913, Murray 1940

Murray 1940

Murray 1940, SFG 1998

SCS 2001

Krombein 1979 (n.e.)

new

Menke 1964

new

Menke 1965

Krombein 1979 (n.e.)

Menke 1965

new

new (CDN)

H 1902, W 1913

SFG 1998

F 1983

F 1983, SFG 1998

F 1983

F 1983, SFG 1998

F 1983

F 1983, SFG 1998

new

Krombein 1979

new

new (CDN)

new

H 1902, W 1913, B 1934, BMa 1994, SFG 1998

BMa 1994

undescribed species

new

Krombein 1979

SFG 1998

new

new (CDN)

new

new (CDN)

Dollfuss 1995

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario

TABLE I. — continued

G C R P M Species

x x Pemphredon inornata Say, 1824

x x Pemphredon lethifer (Shuckard, 1837)

Pemphredon lugubris (Fabricius, 1793)

x Pemphredon menkei Bohart, 1993

Pemphredon montana Dahlibom, 1845

Pemphredon morio vander Linden, 1829

Pemphredon pulawskii Dollfuss, 1993

x Pemphredon rugifer (Dahibom, 1844)

x Passaloecus annulatus (Say, 1837)

Passaloecus areolatus Vincent, 1978

Passaloecus borealis Dahibom, 1844

X Passaloecus cuspidatus Smith, 1856

x x Passaloecus gracilis (Curtis, 1834)

x Passaloecus lineatus Vincent, 1978

X Passaloecus monilicornis Dahibom, 1842

<< «x eK OK

<< KK KK OK

»<

x Passaloecus singularis Dahibom, 1844

x Stigmus americanus Packard, 1867

Xx Stigmus fraternus Say, 1824

Spilomena ampliceps Krombein, 1952

x Spilomena barberi Krombein, 1962

Spilomena pusilla (Say, 1837)

Ammoplanus lenape Pate, 1937

Crabronidae, Astatinae

Diploplectron peglowi Krombein, 1939

Astata bakeri Parker, 1962

Xx Astata bicolor Say, 1823

Kick Astata leuthstromi Ashmead, 1897

Astata nubecula Cresson, 1865

x Astata occidentalis Cresson, 1881

Astata unicolor Say, 1824

Crabronidae, Crabroninae

x Liris argentatus (Beauvois, 1811)

x Liris beatus (Cameron, 1889)

Larropsis distincta (Smith, 1856)

pe Tachytes aurulentus (Fabricius, 1804)

Tachytes crassus Patton, 1881

x Tachytes harpax Patton, 1881

x x Tachytes intermedius (Viereck, 1906)

Tachytes pennsylvanicus Banks, 1921

Tachytes validus Cresson, 1872

x xX Tachysphex acutus (Patton, 1880)

Tachysphex aethiops (Cresson, 1865)

Tachysphex alpestris Rohwer, 1908

: x Tachysphex antennatus Fox, 1894

Tachysphex apicalis Fox, 1893

x Tachysphex pechumani Krombein, 1938

wrx Tachysphex pompiliformis (Panzer, 1805)

x Tachysphex semirufus (Cresson, 1865)

x xX Tachysphex similis Rohwer, 1910

Tachysphex tarsatus (Say, 1823)

Tachysphex terminatus (Smith, 1856)

Tachysphex texanus (Cresson, 1872)

< ~~ eK KOK OK

<— «x KKK KOKO

<x< «x KK OK

<< KK OK OK

< KK OK OKO KKK KKK

<< «KKK OK OK OK OK

x xX x Lyroda subita (Say, 1837)

x Plenoculus davisi Fox, 1893

x Solierella levis Williams, 1950

x x x Solierella peckhami (Ashmead, 1897)

x Solierella plenoculoides (Fox, 1893)

x x xX Miscophus americanus Fox, 1890

Nitela cerasicola Pate, 1937

Kix x Nitela virginiensis Rohwer, 1923

Pison koreense (Radoszkowski, 1887)

X X xX xX Jrypoxylon attenuatum Smith, 1851

x Trypoxylon bidentatum Fox, 1891

i * x Trypoxylon carinatum Say, 1837

u'% Trypoxylon clarkei Krombein, 1962

X X xX xX X__ Trypoxylon clavicerum Lep. & Serville, 1828

| | ? Trypoxylon figulus (Linnaeus, 1758)

xX X xX XxX xX Trypoxylon frigidum Smith, 1856

Distribution (CDN)

NS to BC, NT, YT

NF to QC, PE, BC

NF, NS, QC, AB, BC, YT

NF, NB to MB, NT, YT

NF to BC, PE, YT

Carol., Trans.

MB, AB

Carol., Trans.

QC, BC, NT, YT

NS to BC, NT, YT

QC, AB

Carol., Trans.

NB, QC, SK to BC, NT

QC, BC

transcontinental

Carol., Trans.

Carol. to Can.

SK, NT, YT

SK to BC

transcontinental

QC, AB, BC, NT

BC, Carolinian

transcontinental

BC, Carolinian

Carolinian

transcontinental

eastern Canada

Carolinian

Carol., Trans.

MB to BC, NT, YT

AB, BC, Carolinian

Carol., Trans.

NS to BC, PE, NT, YT

SK to BC, YT

NB to AB, NT

QC to BC

NS, PE, QC, MB, AB

transcontinental

QC, BC

Carol., Trans.

Carol. to Can.

AB, NT

Carolinian

Carol., Trans.

Carolinian

Carol., Trans.

transcontinental

Distr. (N.Am.)

Holarctic

transcont.

Holarctic

intr., eastern

eastern

intr.?, eastern

e. of Rockies

eastern

Holarctic

transcont.

intr., eastern

eastern

Holarctic

transcont.

eastern

transcont.

disjunct

transcont.

e. of Rockies

transcont.

eastern

transcont.

w. to CO

eastern

transcont.

west., e. to NE

transcont.

eastern

Holarctic

transcont.

w. to MT, UT

transcont.

w. to AZ

transcont.

disjunct

transcont.

w. to CO

eastern

intr., eastern

disjunct

e. of 100°W

eastern

intr., eastern

transcont.

Volume 134, 2003

Literature Records

H 1902, Dollfuss 1995

Dollfuss 1995, SFG 1998

H 1902, Dollfuss 1995

Dollfuss 1995

B 1934, Dollfuss 1995

new (CDN)

Dolifuss 1995

Dollfuss 1995

H 1902

SFG 1998, SCS 2001

new

H 1902, W 1913, Fye 1965, V 1978

new

SFG 1998

Fye 1965, V 1978, SFG 1998

V 1978

BMa 1994

H 1902

new (CDN)

Krombein 1979

new (CDN)

new

Parker 1962

Krombein 1979 (n.e.)

new

H 1902, W 1913

Krombein 1979

new (CDN)

H 1902, SFG 1998, SCS 2001

Krombein 1979 (n.e.)

new (CDN)

new

Krombein 1979

Pulawski 1988

new (CDN)

new

Kurczewski 1998a, SCS 2001

H 1902, Pulawski 1988

Pulawski 1988

Pulawski 1988, SCS 2001

H 1902, Pulawski 1988

new

H 1902, SFG 1998

new

new (CDN)

new

new (CDN)

new

new (CDN)

Coville 1984

Pulawski 1984, SFG 1998

H 1902, S 1940, SFG 1998

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario

TABLE I. — continued

< << <x <x KK KK KK OK

< << KKK KK OK OK

<~ <M KK KK OK OK

< <x <x KK OX

<~ KK KK KKK KK KKK KKK OK

<x < KX

»< < <M KK

< < <x KK KK

<x~ <x KKK KK OK

ped

<< KKK OK

<< Kx =< <

<x < KK

<~ <<

<< <~ KX KK OX

<x < KK

<x <~ KK

M_ Species

Trypoxylon johnsoni Fox, 1891

Trypoxylon kolazyi Kohl, 1893

Trypoxylon pennsylvanicum Saussure, 1867

Trypoxylon richardsi Sandhouse, 1940

Trypoxylon sculleni Sandhouse, 1940

Trypoxylon clavatum Say, 1837

Trypoxylon collinum Smith, 1856

Trypoxylon lactitarse Saussure, 1867

Trypoxylon politum Say, 1837

Trypoxylon tridentatum Packard, 1867

Oxybelus bipunctatus Olivier, 1811

Oxybelus cressonii Robertson, 1889

Oxybelus decorosus (Mickel, 1916)

Oxybelus emarginatus Say, 1837

Oxybelus inornatus (Robertson, 1901)

Oxybelus laetus Say, 1837

Oxybelus niger Robertson, 1889

Oxybelus sericeus Robertson, 1889

Oxybelus subcornutus Cockerell, 1895

Oxybelus subulatus Robertson, 1889

Oxybelus uniglumis (Linnaeus, 1758)

Anacrabro ocellatus Packard, 1866

Entomognathus lenapeorum Viereck, 1904

Entomognathus memorialis Banks, 1921

Lindenius armaticeps (Fox, 1895)

Lindenius columbianus (Kohl, 1892)

Rhopalum clavipes (Linnaeus, 1758)

Rhopalum coarctatum (Scopoli, 1763)

Rhopalum occidentale (Fox, 1895)

Rhopalum pedicellatum Packard, 1867

Rhopalum rufigaster Packard, 1867

Crossocerus unicus (Patton, 1897)

Crossocerus annulipes (Lep. & Brullé, 1834)

Crossocerus barbipes (Dahlbom, 1845)

Crossocerus harringtonii (Fox, 1895)

Crossocerus impressifrons (Smith, 1856)

Crossocerus leucostoma (Linnaeus, 1758)

(syn.: cinctipes Provancher, 1882)

Crossocerus maculipennis (Smith, 1856)

Crossocerus nigritus (Lepeletier & Brullé, 1835)

(syn.: nigricornis Provancher, 1888)

Crossocerus nitidiventris (Fox, 1895)

Crossocerus stictochilos Pate, 1944

Crossocerus tarsalis (Fox, 1895)

Crossocerus elongatulus vand. Linden, 1829

Crossocerus lentus (Fox, 1895)

Crossocerus maculiclypeus (Fox, 1895)

Crossocerus minimus (Packard, 1867)

Crossocerus planifemur Krombein, 1952

Crossocerus similis (Fox, 1895)

Crossocerus tarsatus (Shuckard, 1837)

Crabro advena Smith, 1856

Crabro argusinus Bohart, 1976

Crabro cognatus Fox, 1895

Crabro cribrellifer (Packard, 1867)

Crabro digitatus Bohart, 1976

Crabro latipes Smith, 1856

Crabro monticola (Packard, 1867)

Crabro nigriceps Bohart, 1976

Crabro snowii Fox, 1896

Crabro tenuiglossa Packard, 1866

Crabro tenuis Fox, 1895

Crabro vernalis (Packard, 1867)

Ectemnius dilectus (Cresson, 1865)

Ectemnius rufifemur (Packard, 1866)

Ectemnius lapidarius (Panzer, 1804)

Ectemnius ruficornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)

Ectemnius cephalotes (Olivier, 1792)

Volume 134, 2003

Distribution (CDN)

Carolinian

Carol., Trans.

Carolinian

AB, BC

Carolinian

(Carolinian)

BC, Carolinian

NS to QC

Carolinian

Carol. to Can.

transcontinental

Carol., Trans.

Carolinian

Carol. to Can.

Carol., Trans.

transcontinental

e. of Rockies

Carolinian

e. of Rockies

transcontinental

QC, AB

e. of Rockies

QC, BC

Carol. to Can.

transcontinental

NB to BC

transcontinental

Carol., Trans.

NS, QC, AB, YT

NB to BC, NT, YT

transcontinental

NB, QC, AB, NT, YT

Carolinian

transcontinental

eastern Canada

transcontinental

MB, SK

QC, AB

QC to AB

NF. QC to MB, AB, BC, NT, YT

e. of Rockies

transcontinental

Distr. (N.Am.)

eastern

intr., eastern

w. to CO

eastern

disjunct

e. of Rockies

eastern

w. to AZ

eastern

transcont.

intr., eastern

w. to UT

e. of 100°W

transcont.

eastern

e. of 100°W

eastern

transcont.

w. to AZ

w. to CO

Holarctic

e: of Rockies

eastern

w. to CO

transcont.

Holarctic

intr.?, eastern

transcont.

w. to CO

e. of 100°W

w. to MT

Holarctic

transcont.

eastern

Holarctic

transcont.

Holarctic

eastern

w. to ID

Holarctic

transcont.

e. of Rockies

eastern

Holarctic

e. of 100°W

transcont.

w. to MT, UT

eastern

transcont.

eastern

e. of Rockies

transcont.

e. of Rockies

Holarctic

intr., eastern

Literature Records

Krombein 1979, SFG 1998

new (CDN)

S 1940, BMa 1994, SFG 1998

Krombein 1979

new

S 1940

S 1940, Coville 1982

H 1902

Coville 1982

new

Kurczewski 1998b

new (CDN)

H 1902

new (CDN)

Krombein 1979 (n.e.)

new (CDN)

Krombein 1979 (n.e.)

H 1902, W 1913

H 1902

new (CDN)

Krombein 1979 (n.e.)

SFG 1998 .

BMa 1994, SFG 1998

new

new (CDN)

new

SFG 1998, L 2000, SCS 2001

H 1902, Pate 1944

Pate 1944, SFG 1998

H 1902, SFG 1998, L 2000, SCS 2001

H 1902, Pate 1944

H 1902, SFG 1998

H 1902, B 1934, Pate 1944, L 2000

Krombein 1979

L 2000

Krombein 1979

SFG 1998, SCS 2001

SFG 1998, L 2000

F 1982, SFG 1998, SCS 2001

Krombein 1979

L 2000

Krombein 1979, L 2000

Krombein 1979 (n.e.)

H 1902, W 1913, SFG 1998

H 1902

new

H 1902, Bohart 1976

Bohart 1976

H 1902

Krombein 1979 (n.e.)

new

H 1902

Krombein 1979 (n.e.)

new

Krombein 1979 (n.e.)

B 1934, BMa 1994, SFG 1998

B 1934, BMa 1994

W 1913, SFG 1998

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario

Volume 134, 2003

TABLE I. — continued

<x Kx KK KK KK KK OK OK

SS 3 OS OS OS OS OS OS OK OS OS RK OM RM RS 8S OK OK OK KK OK OO

< <x XK KK KK KK OK

<< MK OKO

<_< Kx KK KK

<< KK KOK

»<

< << KKK OK OK

< =< ~<

< <<

< <M KK OK OOOO

<< <M OK

< <x KO

<< KK KK OK

< << KK

< KC KK

<< KK OX

<< <x KK KK OK

<< KK KK OOK OK OK

Ectemnius maculosus (Gmelin, 1790)

Ectemnius arcuatus (Say, 1837)

Ectemnius continuus (Fabricius, 1804)

Ectemnius decemmaculatus (Say, 1823)

Ectemnius scaber (Lepeletier & Brullé, 1834)

Ectemnius stirpicola (Packard, 1866)

Ectemnius trifasciatus (Say, 1824)

Ectemnius atriceps (Cresson, 1865)

Ectemnius borealis (Zetterstedt, 1838)

Ectemnius dives (Lepeletier & Brullé, 1834)

Lestica confluenta (Say, 1837)

Lestica producticollis (Packard, 1866)

Crabronidae, Bembicinae

Mellinus abdominalis Cresson, 1882

Mellinus bimaculatus Packard, 1867

Alysson conicus Provancher, 1889

Alysson guignardi Provancher, 1887

Alysson melleus Say, 1837

Alysson oppositus Say, 1837

Alysson triangulifer Provancher, 1887

Didineis dilata Malloch & Rohwer, 1930

Didineis latimana Malloch & Rohwer, 1930

Didineis texana (Cresson, 1872)

Nysson daeckei Viereck, 1904

Nysson gagates Bradley, 1920

Nysson hesperus Bohart, 1968

Nysson lateralis Packard, 1867

Nysson simplicicornis Fox, 1896

Nysson subtilis Fox, 1896

Synnevrus aequalis (Patton, 1879)

Synnevrus plagiatus (Cresson, 1882)

Epinysson mellipes (Cresson, 1882)

Epinysson tramosericus (Viereck, 1904)

Epinysson tuberculatus (Handlirsch, 1887)

Clitemnestra bipunctata (Say, 1824)

Argogorytes nigrifrons (Smith, 1856)

Gorytes atricornis Packard, 1867

Gorytes canaliculatus Packard, 1867

Gorytes deceptor Krombein, 1958

Gorytes simillimus Smith, 1856

Pseudoplisus phaleratus (Say, 1837)

Lestiphorus cockerelli (Rohwer, 1909)

Oryttus gracilis (Patton, 1879)

Sphecius speciosus (Drury, 1773)

Hoplisoides costalis (Cresson, 1872)

Hoplisoides nebulosus (Packard, 1867)

Hoplisoides placidus (Smith, 1856)

Stizoides renicinctus (Say, 1823)

Bicyrtes quadrifasciatus (Say, 1824)

Bicyrtes ventralis (Say, 1824)

Microbembex monodonta (Say, 1824)

Stictia carolina (Fabricius, 1793)

Bembix americana Fabricius, 1793

Bembix pruinosa Fox, 1895

Stictiella emarginata (Cresson, 1865)

Crabronidae, Philanthinae

Philanthus albopilosus Cresson, 1865

Philanthus bilunatus Cresson, 1865

Philanthus gibbosus (Fabricius, 1775)

Philanthus lepidus Cresson, 1865

Philanthus politus Say, 1824

Philanthus sanbornii Cresson, 1865

Philanthus solivagus Say, 1837

Philanthus ventilabris Fabricius, 1798

Aphilanthops frigidus (Smith, 1856)

Cerceris arelate Banks, 1912

Distribution (CDN)

eastern Canada

transcontinental

Carolinian

(Carolinian)

eastern Canada

transcontinental

Carol. to Can.

NB to MB

transcontinental

QC to MB

NB to MB

transcontinental

SK, AB

Carolinian

NS to AB

QC to BC, YT

NB, MB, SK, BC, NT, YT

NS to MB’)

Carolinian

Carolinan

MB, BC

MB')

Carolinian

QC, AB

NS, QC

transcontinental

PE, QC

NB, QC, NT

Carolinian

Carol., Trans.

NB, PE, QC’)

AB, BC

Carol., Trans.

transcontinental

e. of Rockies

Carolinian

NB to BC

MB, AB

SK, AB

Carol., Trans.

NS to AB, PE

QC to MB, BC

QC to MB

QC, AB, BC

transcontinental

Distr. (N.Am.)

e. of 100°W

transcont.

Holarctic

e. of Rockies

eastern

e. of 100°W

transcont.

Holarctic

transcont.

west., e. to ON

eastern

transcont.

e. of 100°W

e. of Rockies

transcont.

w. to AB?

eastern

w. to AZ

eastern

transcont.

eastern

transcont.

eastern

transcont.

eastern

transcont.

eastern

w. to CO

w. to CO, AZ

w. to CO

e. of 100°W

e. of Rockies

eastern, AK

eastern

transcont.

of Rockies

wanscont.

e. of Rockies

w. to NM

transcont.

west., e. to NY

w. to CO, NM

transcont.

w. to CO

eastern

w. to NM

eastern

transcont.

eastern

Literature Records

H 1902, W 1913, B 1934

Krombein 1979 (n.e.)

H 1902, SFG 1998

new (CDN)

Krombein 1979 (n.e.)

H 1902, B 1934

H 1902

SFG 1998

H 1902, B 1934, SFG 1998

H 1902, W 1913

H 1902, B 1934, SFG 1998, SCS 2001

new

H 1902, SFG 1998, SCS 2001

H 1902

H 1902, SFG 1998

H 1902

new (CDN)

new

H 1902

new (CDN)

new

new (CDN)

new

Krombein 1979 (n.e.)

H 1902

Krombein 1979

H 1902, W 1913, B 1934

H 1902

new

new (CDN)

RD 1991a, SCS 2001

new (CDN)

H 1902

new (CDN)

new

new (CDN)

H 1902, W 1913

H 1902, W 1913, SCS 2001

new (CDN)

H 1902, SCS 2001

Evans & Matthews 1968

new

Krombein 1979

H 1902, W 1913, B 1934, SCS 2001

SCS 2001

new

H 1902, SFG 1998, SCS 2001

Krombein 1979

H 1902, W 1913, B 1934

Krombein 1979 (n.e.)

H 1902, SCS 2001

Scullen 1965

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario

TABLE I. — continued

Volume 134, 2003

G C R P M Species Distribution (CDN) Distr.(N.Am.) Literature Records

K Xx Cerceris astarte Banks, 1913 Carol., Trans. eastern new

he eX Cerceris atramontensis Banks, 1913 Qc eastern Scullen 1965, SFG 1998

x =X Cerceris clypeata Dahibom, 1844 Qc eastern Scullen 1965

X Cerceris compacta Cresson, 1865 Carolinian transcont. new (CDN)

Kus Cerceris crucis Viereck & Cockerell, 1904 AB, BC transcont. new

x 4X Cerceris dentifrons Cresson, 1865 Qc eastern Scullen 1965

Ke OK Cerceris deserta Say, 1824 NB to AB w. to CO Scullen 1965

x. x Cerceris echo Mickel, 1916 AB, BC, Carolinian transcont. new

xX Cerceris finitima Cresson, 1865 SK transcont. new

KX Cerceris fumipennis Say, 1837 BC, Carol., Trans. transcont. new

x Cerceris halone Banks, 1912 MB e. of Rockies new

x Cerceris insolita Cresson, 1865 Carolinian w. to AZ new (CDN)

x x Cerceris kennicottii Cresson, 1865 Carolinian w. to CO new

KX Cerceris nigrescens Smith, 1856 QC to BC, NT, YT transcont. H 1902, W 1913, Scullen 1965

X Cerceris nitidoides Ferguson, 1983 Qc eastern new

x Cerceris occipitomaculata Packard, 1866 Carol., Trans.? w. to CO, AZ new

yo Cerceris prominens Banks, 1912 MB eastern new

Ey Cerceris rufopicta Smith, 1856 Qc eastern Scullen 1965

(syn.: robertsonii Fox, 1893)

x Eucerceris zonata (Say, 1823) Carol., Trans. w. to WY, CO W 1913, Scullen 1968

Doubtful record:

x Eucerceris flavocincta Cresson, 1865 MB to BC e. to MB new (loc. data correct?)

Explanations: The first five columns indicate the presence or absence of the species in the

five largest collections: G — University of Guelph, C — Canadian National Collection, R — Royal

Ontario Museum, P — Collection of Laurence Packer, M — University of Manitoba. Distribution

(CDN): Distribution in Canada by provinces and territories; for species that are known from Ontario

only the life zone(s) in which the species occurs is indicated: Can. — Canadian life zone, Trans. —

Transition life zone, Carol. — Carolinian life zone, (Carolinian) — mostly Carolinian life zone but

with some localities slightly north of it; ') unpublished data (further locality information will be

provided in upcoming reviews of the genera Nysson, Epinysson and Hoplisoides). Distr. (N.Am.):

Distribution in North America (includes previously unpublished data of the author in some cases):

intr. — introduced; Holarctic — Holarctic species with transcontinental distribution in North America.

Literature records: Only a selection of literature records is given. The Catalog of Hymenoptera in

America North of Mexico (Krombein 1979) is only included if this is the earliest or the only

reference; (n.e.) — not explicitly mentioned from Ontario but indicated range includes Ontario (see

section on recording standards in Materials and Methods); B — Brown, BM — Bohart and Menke,

BMa — Blades and Marshall, F — Finnamore, H — Harrington, L — Leclercq, RD — Romel and

Dykstra, S — Sandhouse, SCS — Skevington et al., SFG — Sugar et al., V— Vincent, W — Walker; *)

— indirectly mentioned.

TABLE II. Distribution within Ontario of newly recorded species of spheciform wasps (Sphecidae,

Crabronidae).

Abbreviations for counties, regions and districts (same as in Figures 1, 2): Bt — Brant, El —

Elgin, Es — Essex, Hd — Haldimand, HI — Halton, Kt — Kent, Lb — Lambton, Li — Lincoln, Mi —

Middlesex, Nf — Norfolk, Ox — Oxford, Wd — Welland, Ww —Wentworth, Bc — Bruce, Du — Dufferin,

Gr — Grey, Hu — Huron, Pl — Peel, Si— Simcoe, Wa — Waterloo, Wg — Wellington, Yo — York, Ca —

Carleton, Fr — Frontenac, Hs — Hastings, LG — Leeds and Grenville, Lk — Lanark, Nt —

Northumberland, Pb — Peterborough, PE — Prince Edward, Vi — Victoria, Ma — Manitoulin, Mu —

Muskoka, Ni — Nipissing, PS — Parry Sound, Re — Renfrew, Al — Algoma, Co — Cochrane, Ka —

Kenora, RR — Rainy River, Su — Sudbury, TB — Thunder Bay. Note: The area included under the

Carolinian Southwest slightly exceeds the northern limit of the Carolinian life zone.

Volume 134, 2003

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Species newly recorded from Ontario

Family Sphecidae

Podium luctuosum Smith, 1856

Ontario: Norfolk, 1 9 , Normandale Fish Culture Station, 24 July 2001, B. Arnal & H. Duggan

(BAR); 59 9*), Turkey Point Provincial Park, east boundary, 42°42’37”N, 80°19°47°W, 17 August

2003, M. Buck.

Distribution. Genus and species newly recorded for Canada. Eastern U.S.: MI (O’Brien

1989b), NY to TX and FL, MO, KS (Bohart and Menke 1963; Krombein 1979).

Biology. Nests in borings in wood that are sealed with mud on the outer end. Prey are adults

of Parcoblatta uhleriana (Saussure) and P. virginica (Brunner) (O’Brien 1989b).

Prey record. *) One nymphal roach, probably Parcoblatta sp.

Sphex pensylvanicus Linnaeus, 1763

Ontario: Simcoe, 10’, Springwater Provincial Park, 44°26’33”N, 79°45’41”W, 2 September

2002, M. Buck. Wellington, Guelph, 300", 24 July 1978, B. Warner & S. Giamondi, 19, 18

August 1980, D.H. Pengelly, 19, 18 October 1995, H. Raikes; 19, Aberfoyle, 14 August 1983,

W. Punchihewa. Waterloo, Cambridge, 10", 28 July 1975, S. Allan, 19, 4 August 1981, R.S.

Onge, 10", 20 August 1984, grass field, M. Harvey. Halton, | 9, Burlington, 16 August 1980, S.

Appleby; Oakville, 10’, 18 July 1976, 10”, 31 August 1976, 10%, 30 July 1977, 10°, 3 August

1977, 20°C’, 4 August 1978, W.A. Attwater, 19, 3 August 1977, A. Konecny, 3 o'o" 19, 4 July

1978, G. Sevean & M. Lichtenberg; 20'C" 12, Hamilton, Royal Botanical Garden, 22 August

1992, J. Skevington & A. Goering. Wentworth, Hamilton, 10’, 17 August 1958, D.H. Pengelly,

19, 18 August 1975, no collector; 19, Hamilton, Cootes Paradise, 17 August 1959, no collector.

Brant, 10’, Brantford Railway Prairie, 43°10’N, 80°19’ W, 24 August 2001, S.M. Paiero. Oxford,

1Q, Curries, 1955, C. Gracey. Middlesex, London, 50'C’, 21 July, 1, 10 and 22 August 1990,

R.W. Turnock (EDUM), 19, 2 August 1981, E. Zaborski. Lambton, 19, Forest, 17 July 1962,

Kelton & Brumpton (CNCI). Kent, Rondeau Provincial Park, South Point Trail East, 10’, 7

September 2002, oak savannah, M. Buck, 10’, 16 July 2003, dunes, H. Carscadden, 10, 9 August

2003, oak savannah, M. Buck; 19, Rondeau Provincial Park, Spicebush Trail, 42°18’9”N,

81°51°6”W, 15 August 2003, Carolinian forest, S.M. Paiero; 10’, Rondeau Provincial Park, Marsh

Trail North, 42°18’N, 81°51’W, 15 August 2003, S.M. Paiero. Essex, Point Pelee, 19, 15 August

1971, B.K. Akey, 10", 28 July 1978, J. Cappleman, 19, 29 July 1978, D. Morris; Point Pelee

National Park, West Beach, 10”, 28 July 2003, M. Buck, 29 ?'), 13 August 2003, M. Buck & D.

Cheung; Point Pelee National Park, Old Maintenance Yard, 41°56’54”N, 82°31’14”W, 10%, 29

July 2003, 10’, 14 August 2003, M. Buck; 1 9’), Point Pelee National Park, The Tip parking lot,

41°55°3”N, 82°30°37"W, 14 August 2003, D. Cheung; 10", Union-on-the-Lake, 23 August 1984,

T.D. Galloway (EDUM); Kingsville, 19, 12 August 1964, FR. Wetmore (CNCI), 10’, 8 July

1977, W.A. Attwater; 10’, River Canard, 10 July 1977, W.A. Attwater; 19, Harrow, 25 August

1997, K. Morneau; Windsor, 19, 1 August 1975, C.A. Schisler, 10, 27 July 1976, 19, 7 September

1976, J.F. Fortin, 12, 26 August 1984, E. Zaborski; 29 9, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 18 August

1983, K.N. Barber, 2 299, 1 August 1984, M.T. Kasserra, 10", 13-14 July 2001, 19, 30 August

2001, S.M. Paiero, 10", 20 July 2002, S.A. Marshall, 19, 26 August 2002, M. Buck; 10", Windsor,

Springarden Road ANSI, 27 August 2002, M. Buck; 19, no locality or collector, 10 August 1951

(CASC).

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: QC (adventitious? Finnamore 1982):

transcontinental in U.S. except northwestern states, northern Mexico (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Nests in soft earth, often in sheltered areas. Tettigoniidae of the genera Macrocentrum,

Phaneroptera and Scudderia are used as prey (Bohart and Menke 1976, O’Brien 1989b).

Prey records. ') One adult male Amblycorypha cf. oblongifolia (De Geer) (Tettigoniidae). ”)

One adult female Scudderia cf. furcata furcata Brunner.

Isodontia (s. str.) apicalis (Smith, 1856)

Ontario: Essex, Point Pelee National Park, Old Maintenance Yard, 41°56’54”N, 82°31°14”W,

10°, 29 July 2003, 1c’ 32 Q, 30 July 2003, 19, 14 August 2003, M. Buck.

. Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Mostly eastern U.S.: NJ to FL, west to TX, also

TN, NE, AZ (Bohart and Menke 1963).

Biology. Probably non-fossorial like other species of the genus (Krombein 1979).

Amblycorypha (Tettigoniidae) has been recorded as prey (Bohart and Menke 1976).

Isodontia (Murrayella) auripes (Fernald, 1906)

Ontario: York, 1 2, Toronto, Don River, 9 July 1973, W.M.M. Edmonds (ROME); 1 9, Toronto,

Waterfront, 7 August 1984, W.M.M. Edmonds (ROME). Waterloo, 192, Waterloo, nr. Albert

McCormick Arena, July 2000, B. Arnal &-H. Duggan (BAR). Welland, 1 2, Niagara Falls, Niagara

Whirlpool, 1 July 2004, J. Klymko. Middlesex, 19, London, 15 August 1989, yellow pan, D.

Ferris. Kent, 19, Thamesville, 30 June 1962, S.M. Clark (CNCI); 10", Chatham, 28 August 1947,

R.J. Moore. Essex, 200’, Point Pelee, 2 and 8 August 1920, “NKB” [= N.K. Bigelow] (ROME);

10’, Point Pelee National Park, The Tip parking lot, 41°55’3”N, 82°30°37”W, 14 August 2003, D.

Cheung; 20°C, Pelee I., 3 July 1950, V. Kohler (ROME); 20°C" 19, Kingsville, 8 July 1977, K.N.

Barber; 192, River Canard, 10 July 1977, W.A. Attwater.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Eastern U.S.: NY and MI south to FL, west to KS

and TX (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Has been reported to breed in burrows of Melitoma and Anthophora (Apidae) in a

bluff, in carpenter bee burrows and in sumac stems (Bohart and Menke 1963). The prey consists of

Gryllidae and Tettigoniidae (Krombein 1979).

Palmodes dimidiatus (DeGeer, 1773)

Ontario: Lambton, 1 Q, Pinery Provincial Park, powerline, 15 July 1986, L. Packer (LPC).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Transcontinental in U.S.: MA to FL (incl. NY, PA,

MI), west to ID and CA; northern Mexico (Bohart and Menke1963).

Biology. Nests in sand. Tettigoniidae of the genera Atlanticus, Dissosteira and Pediodectes

are used as prey (Krombein 1979).

Prionyx parkeri Bohart & Menke, 1963

Ontario: Wellington, 10, Guelph, 18 July 1976, W.A. Attwater. Halton, 20’ 0", Oakville, 7

July 1976, W.A. Attwater. Lambton, 19 (identification tentative, see below), Pinery Provincial

Park, powerline, 15 July 1986, L. Packer (LPC).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Transcontinental in U.S.: CT and NY to WA, FL to

CA (Bohart and Menke 1963). Despite intensive research, the species has not yet been found in

Michigan (O’Brien 1989b). Mexico south to Isthmus of Tehuantepec (Bohart and Menke 1963).

Biology. Nests in a variety of soils. Prey are Acrididae (Krombein 1979).

Note. The female from Pinery cannot be identified with certainty because the diagnostic

pubescence of the pronotal lobes is worn off.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Ammophila cleopatra Menke, 1964

Ontario: Bruce, 12, Inverhuron Provincial Park, 44°17°33”N, 81°35’28”W, 2 July 2003,

front dunes, white pans, M. Buck. Kent, 19, Rondeau Provincial Park, South Point Trail,

42°15°35”N, 81°50°53”W, 7 September 2002, savannah, M. Buck. Essex, Seacliffe, 20°C’, 1 August

1975, 19, 15 August 1983, T.D. Galloway (EDUM); Point Pelee, 40% Oo (2 from malaise trap), 17-

18 July 1978, K.N. Barber & W.A. Attwater, 20°C" 19, 30-31 July 1978, J. Cappleman & W.A.

Attwater, 10”, 20 June 1981, C. Farivar, 10", 14 July 1982, C. Hare, 19, 17-18 July 2003, D.

Cheung; Point Pelee National Park, Old Henry Camp, 41°57°35”N, 82°31°32”W, 20°C’, 30 July

2003, M. Buck, 116°C’ 59 Q, white pans, M. Buck & D.: Cheung; 79 Q, Point Pelee National

Park, The Tip parking lot, 41°55’3”N, 82°30°37”W, 14 August 2003, M. Buck; Point Pelee National

Park, Visitor Centre, 12, 24 July 2003, S.M. Paiero, 19, 13 August 2003, M. Buck; Point Pelee

National Park, West Beach, 10”, 29 July 2003, 1, 13 August 2003, M. Buck; Point Pelee National

Park, Old Maintenance Yard, 41°56’54”N, 82°31°14”W, 19, 29 July 2003, D. Cheung, 10’, 30

July 2003, netted, M. Buck, 70°C’ 39.9, 14-15 August 2003, yellow and white pans, M. Buck &

D. Cheung; 10’, Pelee I., Fish Point, 14 August 1993, B. Larson.

British Columbia: 20'C’, Ashcroft, Hat Creek, hydro camp, 3 October 1999, malaise

trap, C.S. Guppy (BCPM).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario and British Columbia. Canada: AB; transcontinental

in U.S. but absent from northeastern states (no records from east of MI and north of SC), mainly

western and montane; northern Mexico (Menke 1965).

Biology. Prey are caterpillars of the families Notodontidae and Noctuidae (O’Brien 1989b).

In Michigan the species is restricted to dune areas (O’Brien 1989b).

Ammophila fernaldi (Murray, 1938)

Ontario: Simcoe, 19, Borden, 30 August 1948, V.W. Greene (EDUM). Norfolk, 10’,

Walsingham, Regional Road 60 5.5 km W Jct. Hwys 59 & 24, Pteraphylla Farm, 19 August 1991,

P.J. Carson (LPC).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: QC (Finnamore 1982), MB; U.S. east of

Rocky Mts.; south into Mexico (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Nests in sandy soil. Prey are caterpillars of the family Noctuidae (Krombein 1979).

Ammophila nigricans Dahibom, 1843

Ontario: Northumberland, 10’, Bewdley, 27 August 1963, J.D. van Loon. York, 10", Toronto,

Humber River nr. old mill, 4 September 1999, T. Romankova (ROME). Halton, | oO’, Milton, 16

Mile Creek & 4" Line, 43°29’5”N, 79°46’27”W, 12 August 2001, river valley, S.M. Paiero. Norfolk,

Manestar Tract, 6 km NNW St. Williams, 42°42’17”N, 80°27°38”W, 10", 8 July 2000, 19, 25 July

2000, sandy field, M. Buck, 19, 3 August 2001, M. Parchami-Araghi. Kent, Rondeau Provincial

Park, South Point Trail East, 42°15’35”N, 81°50’53”W, 5-7 September 2003, 29 9, white pans, 1

2, yellow pans, M. Buck. Essex, 10", Leamington, 17 August 1987, T.D. Galloway (EDUM); 1

CO’, Point Pelee, 18 July 1978, K.N. Barber; Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 10", 13-14 July 2001, 10%,

7 August 2001, 30°C’, 8-9 July 2002, 10’, 20 July 2002, 30°o' 32 Q, 30-31 July 2002 (19 from

white pans), 10", 13 August 2002, 10° 19, 26-27 August 2002, M. Buck, S.M. Paiero & S.A.

Marshall; 19, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie nr. Sprucewood Avenue, 12-13 September 2002, yellow

pans, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Eastern U.S. (incl. MI: O’Brien 1989b; NY:

Kurczewski 1998c; VT: Finnamore 1982) south to TX (Krombein 1979). Menke (1965) recorded

this species from “southern Canada” without mentioning a province.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Biology. Nests in sandy-clay soil. Prey are caterpillars of the family Noctuidae (Krombein

1979).

Ammophila pictipennis (Walsh, 1869)

Ontario: York, Toronto, 10", 10 September 1952, M.E. Hearst (ROME), 10’, 30 August

1963, J.D. van Loon. Wellington, Guelph, 12, 12 September 1959, R.E. Crawford, 19, 3 August

1975, J.M. Cumming, 19, 22 July 1979, G.M. Eden, 19, 4 August 1979, W.T. Nash, 10”, 19 July

2000, M. Cripps, 1 2,21 September 2002, gravelly wasteland, M. Buck; 10", Guelph, along Eramosa

River, 8 August 1993, B. Larson & J. Glaser. Welland, 19, Niagara Falls, June 1956, H.W.H.

Zavitz. Lincoln, 19, Jordan, 9 September 1914 (CNCI); 19, Vineland, 9 July 1929, W.L. Putman

(CNCI); 19, Vineland Station, 9 September 1942, H.R. Boyce (CNCI). Norfolk, 10’, Turkey

Point, September 1943, E.G. Ford (ROME). Lambton, 19, Pinery Provincial Park, powerline, 15

July 1986, L. Packer (LPC). Essex, Point Pelee, 20°C’ 22 9, 9 September 1954 (CNCI), 19, 1

July 1978, D. Morris; 10°, Point Pelee National Park, Old Maintenance Yard, 41°56’54’”N,

82°31°14”W, 14-15 August 2003, yellow pans, M. Buck & D. Cheung; 10’, Point Pelee National

Park, Old Henry Camp, 41°57°35”N, 82°31°32”W, 14-15 August 2003, white pans, M. Buck & D.

Cheung; 19, Harrow, 6 September 1959, D.H. Pengelly.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Most of U.S. east of Rocky Mts. (incl. MI: O’Brien

1989b; NY: Kurczewski 1998c); south into central Mexico (Menke 1965).

Biology. Nests in sand. Prey are caterpillars of the families Noctuidae, Geometridae and

Hesperiidae (Menke 1965).

Family Crabronidae

Subfamily Pemphredoninae

Mimesa pygidialis (Malloch, 1933)

Ontario: Cochrane, 2 9 Q, Nellie Lake, 10 August 1961, G.K. Morris.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: MB, SK, AB; U.S.: MI, IL, WI (Finnamore,

1983), CO (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Unknown.

Mimumesa atratina (Morawitz, 1891)

Ontario: Cochrane, 10’, Nellie Lake, 10 August 1961, G.K. Morris. Thunder Bay, 15 00

12, Neys Provincial Park, Prisoner’s Cove nr. Little Pic River, 48°47°28”N, 86°37°48”W, 16 and

18 July 2002, beach, M. Buck. Rainy River (probably), 10° 19, Island Falls, 24 August 1959,

S.M. Clark (CNCI). Sudbury, 1, Capreol, 15 August 1972, W.M.M. Edmonds (ROME).

Labrador: 100°C 3 2 9, Goose Bay, 13 July-13 August 1948, H.C. Friesen & W.E. Beckel

(CNCI). Alberta: McMurray, 10", 20 June 1953, 10" 19, 22 June 1953, G.E. Ball (CNCD. British

Columbia: 32 mi SW Terrace, 19, 8 June 1960, 10, 6 July 1960, C.H. Mann (CNCD); 1 2, Lower

Post, 19 June 1948, W.R.M. Mason (CNCI); 19, Port Nelson, 26 August 1948, W.R.M. Mason

(CNCI). Northwest Territories: Norman Wells, 107, 15 July 1949, 22 9, 29 and 30 July 1949,

W.R.M. Mason (CNCI).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario, Labrador, Alberta, British Columbia and the

Northwest Territories. Canada: YT (Finnamore 1997); Europe, Japan (Lomholdt 1975-76).

Biology. Nests in dry, decayed wood, often in abandoned insect borings. The prey consists of

Issidae (Lomholdt 1975-76).

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Species recognition. The female of this species keys to M. propinqua auctt. nec Kincaid in

Malloch (1933). It can be distinguished from females of other Mimumesa species with broad pygidial

plates by the black flagellum, the punctate (not longitudinally striate) mesoscutum, and the all-

black metasoma. The male keys to M. nigra (Packard) in Malloch (1933). Both sexes differ from

other Ontario species (except Mimumesa sp. n. A, see below) by the presence of an epicnemial

carina (cf. Lomholdt 1975-76).

Mimumesa clypeata (Fox, 1898)

Ontario: Thunder Bay, 10, Neys Provincial Park, Prisoner’s Cove nr. picnic area,

48°46’49"N, 86°36'53”W, 18 July 2002, beach, M. Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for eastern Canada. Canada: AB (Finnamore 1994), YT

(Finnamore 1997), NT; western U.S.: AK, WA, ID south to CA, NV, UT (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Unknown.

Mimumesa leucopus (Say, 1837)

Ontario: Leeds and Grenville, 1 9, Greenbush, 9 September 1997, roadside, flight intercept

trap, R. Hainault (CNCI). Hastings, | 9, Trent River Prairie [NE of Stirling], 44°13’N, 77°34’W,

1-10 August 1994, J.T. Kerr & L. Packer (DEBU). Halton, 10’, Bronte Creek Provincial Park, 11

August 2002, S.M. Paiero. Wentworth, 1 2, Ancaster, Newton Woods, 24 June-2 July 1996, forest,

malaise trap, B. DeJonge. Norfolk, 1 9, Manestar Tract, 42°43’N, 80°27’ W, 27-30 June 1992, oak

savannah, malaise trap, P.J. Carson (LPC); 292 9, Simcoe Jct., 42°51’N, 80°18’W, 14-26 August

1994, oak savannah, malaise trap, J.T. Kerr, M. deGiusti & L. Packer (LPC). Kent, 10’, Rondeau

Provincial Park, 16 July-18 September 1979, mature forest, L. Masner (CNCI). Essex, 10’, Point

Pelee, 25 June 1979, W.A. Attwater; 39 2, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 18-19 June 2002, yellow

pans (excl. 12), M. Buck & S.M. Paiero.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: QC (Finnamore 1982), AB; eastern U.S.:

NH, MD, DC, VA, IN, IL (Krombein 1979). Blades & Marshall (1994) erroneously recorded the

species from Ontario (see section on misidentifications [pp. 76-77]).

Biology. Unknown.

Species recognition. The species is interpreted here following Finnamore (1982). His key to

Mimumesa species was based on information provided by J.P. van Lith who intended to revise the

genus. Unfortunately, van Lith’s work was never published. In Malloch (1933) females of both M.

leucopus and M. propinqua (Kincaid) key to the former. Malloch’s female M. propinqua is in fact

M. atratina (Morawitz).

Mimumesa longicornis (Fox, 1898)

Ontario: Norfolk, 12, Normandale, 4 September 1954, C.D. Miller (CNCI); 19, Manestar

Tract, 42°43’N, 80°27’ W, 4-12 August 1992, oak savannah, malaise trap, J.T. Kerr, M. deGiusti &

L. Packer (LPC). Lambton, 10’, Walpole I. Potawatomi Prairie, 42°33’N, 82°29’ W, 19-25 July

2001, malaise trap, Guidotti et al. (ROME). Essex, 19, Point Pelee, 19 July 1978, K.N. Barber;

Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 1 2, 28-30 August 2001, unburnt prairie, yellow pans, S.M. Paiero, 19,

12-13 September 2002, yellow pans, M. Buck, 19, same except on earth between roots of fallen

tree, S.M. Paiero.

New Brunswick: | 2, Kouchibouguac National Park, 15 August 1978, S.J. Miller (CNCD.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada (ON, NB). Eastern U.S.: RI, NY to FL, LA, IA;

Cuba, Central America (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Unknown.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Mimumesa mellipes (Say, 1837)

Ontario: Carleton, 29 2, Ottawa, 9 July 1983, L. Leblanc (CNCI). Wellington, 1 9, Guelph,

29 June 1978, malaise trap, K.N. Barber; 12, Guelph, University Arboretum, 1-15 July 1991,

malaise trap, M. Montes Castillo. Wentworth, 10’, Flamborough, Lawson Farm, 43°18’58”N,

80°2°26”W, 30 June 2003, alvar, yellow pans, M. Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: QC (Finnamore 1982); eastern and central

U.S.: NY, MD, DC, OH, IN, IL, IA, NE (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Unknown.

Mimumesa sp. n. A

Ontario: Algoma, 10, Lake Superior Provincial Park, 18 June 1972, B.D. Beam.

New Brunswick: 10’, Kouchibouguac National Park, 6 July 1978, S.J. Miller (CNCI).

Distribution. Ontario, New Brunswick, also in northern Quebec (Buck, in prep).

Biology. Unknown.

Species recognition. This species is related to M. atratina with which it shares the complete

epicnemial carina. The male differs from that species in having relatively broad elliptical tyloids

on flagellomeres V-IX (less developed ones on FIV and FX) thus resembling the Palaearctic species

M. dahlbomi (Wesmael). Female unknown. The specimen from Lake Superior Provincial Park

bears a determination label “Psen (Mimumesa) columbianus Gittins O' det. van Lith 1976”. M.

columbianus Gittins is a manuscript name that was never published.

Pseneo simplicicornis (Fox, 1898)

Ontario: Renfrew, | 2, Griffith, 17 August 1985, B.E. Cooper (CNCI). Norfolk, 1 9, Manestar

Tract, 6 km NNW St. Williams, 42°42717"N, 80°27°38"W, 25 July 2000, sandy field, white pans,

M. Buck.

Distribution. Genus and species newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: QC (van Lith 1975);

eastern U.S.: NJ, PA to NC (Krombein 1979).

Biology. The species nests in dead wood and uses leafhoppers of the genus Graphocephala as

prey (Krombein 1979).

Psen barthi Viereck, 1907

Ontario: Leeds and Grenville, 1 9, St. Lawrence Is. National Park, McDonald I., 4 August

1976, A. Carter (CNCI). Carleton: 10’ (identification tentative, see below), Ottawa, 8 July 1989,

J.R. Vockeroth (CNCI).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: QC; eastern U.S.: WI, PA, CT, MD, GA

(Krombein 1979).

Biology. Nests in wood. Prey are species of the genera Atymna, Cyrtolobus and Micrutalis

(Membracidae) (Krombein 1979).

Note. The male is only tentatively identified as this species because the metasomal petiole is

unusually long (twice as long as tergite 1). No other species of Psen is known from eastern North

America besides the three species recorded from Ontario (see Table I).

Psenulus trisulcus (Fox, 1898)

Ontario: Algoma, 1 9, Hilton Township, 23 August 1992, edge of hardwood forest and field,

malaise trap, J.E. Swann. Carleton, 1 9, Ottawa, no date/collector (CNCI). Leeds and Grenville,

,19, St. Lawrence Is. National Park, Grenadier I. Centre, 24 June 1975, malaise trap (CNCD.

Hastings, 19, Trent River Prairie [NE of Stirling], 44°13’N, 77°34’ W, 1-10 August 1994,

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

J.T. Kerr & L. Packer (LPC). Norfolk, Manestar Tract, 42°43’N, 80°27’ W, 29 9, 18-30 July 1992,

oak savannah, malaise trap, P.J. Carson (LPC, DEBU); same except 19, 30 July-4 August 1992,

19, 4-12 August 1992, J.T. Kerr, M. deGiusti & L. Packer (LPC). Lambton, Pinery Provincial

Park, powerline, 10", 4-6 June 1986 (DEBU), 20°C’, 7-10 June 1986, 10°, 18-21 June 1986, L.

Packer (LPC). Kent, 1 9, Rondeau Provincial Park, South Point Trail, east parking lot, 42°15’42”N,

81°50°49”W, 16-29 July 2003, oak savannah, malaise trap, S.A. Marshall. Essex, 10’, Point Pelee

National Park, de Laurier Trail, 8 June 2000, O. Lonsdale.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: QC (Finnamore 1982); eastern and central

U.S.: NH to TN, MO, KS (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Species of this genus nest in pre-existing cavities in twigs, stems, grass or beetle-

borings in wood. Prey are Aphididae and Psyllidae (Krombein 1979).

Diodontus adamsi Titus in Adams, 1909

Ontario: Thunder Bay, 72 9, Neys Provincial Park, railway crossing, 48°46’30"N,

86°35’3”W, 17-18 July 2002, M. Buck; 19, Little Pic River at Hwy 17, 48°48’5”N, 86°37°47"W,

17 July 2002, M. Buck; 1 9, Sleeping Giant Provincial Park, 2.5 km S Visitor Centre, 480°20’53"N,

88°48'11”W, 9 July 2002, old sand pit, M. Buck; 19, Sleeping Giant Provincial Park, Tee Harbour,

48°19°32”N, 88°52’48”W, 12 July 2002, beach, M. Buck. Algoma, Icewater Creek watershed,

13.5 km NNE Searchmont, Whitman Dam Road mi 11.5, 22 9, 20 June 1986, 19*), 3 July 1986,

sandy access road, K.N. Barber. Sudbury, 20'C’, Sudbury, 16 and 18 June 1892, no collector

(CNCD; 19, Noélville, 28 June 1975, R.E. Roughley. Renfrew, 10’, Petawawa, 7 June 1961, J.R.

Vockeroth (CNCI). Lambton, Pinery Provincial Park, 19, 4-6 June 1986, malaise trap, L. Packer

(LPC), 19, 10 June 1995, J. Skevington; 19, Pinery Provincial Park, powerline, 18-21 June 1986,

malaise trap, L. Packer (DEBU); Port Franks, Watson Property nr. L-Lake, 29 9, 8-10 June 1996,

1Q, 13-15 June 1996, malaise trap, J. Skevington.

Saskatchewan: | 2, Nipawin, 4 August, 1968, T.C. Taylor. Alberta: 29 9, Jasper, 2 and 7

July 1971, D.H. Pengelly. British Columbia: 170’ 19, Atlin, 14 July 1955, H. Huckel (CNCI);

90'o' 39 Q, Robson, various dates, May-June, 1947-50, H.R. Foxlee (CNCI). Yukon Territory:

12, Carcross, aspen parkland, 25-28 July 1988, M. Polak & M. Wood (CNCD.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada (ON, SK, AB, BC, YT). U.S.: MI (Eighme 1989).

Biology. Unknown. Members of this genus generally nest in the ground.

Prey record. *) One unidentified aphid.

Species recognition. Males of D. adamsi, flavitarsis, and virginianus cannot be identified

with the current literature. The male of adamsi has not been described and is not included in

Eighme’s (1989) key. Both sexes of D. adamsi can be distinguished from the other two species by

the denser and more extensive pubescence of the fore wing median cell (in flavitarsis and virginianus

basal 2/3 of this cell largely bare to very sparsely setose except along fore margin) and the more

densely punctate and less shining scutum. The colour of the pronotal lobe varies from black to

yellow in D. adamsi males.

Diodontus bidentatus Rohwer, 1911

Ontario: Cochrane, | 2, Moose Factory, 27 August 1959, S.M. Clark (CNCI); 10", Hearst,

22 August 1964, G. Knerer (ROME). Thunder Bay, 10’, Neys Provincial Park, railway crossing,

48°46°30"N, 86°35°3”W, 17 July 2002, M. Buck; 40°C" 29 Q, Neys Provincial Park, 1.6 km SW

of gate house, 48°46°39”N, 86°36°32”W, 8-19 July 2002, Vaccinium/lichen, yellow pans, M. Buck;

20'S 3Q Q, Little Pic River at Hwy 17, 48°48’5”N, 86°37°47”W, sand cliff, 15 and 17 July 2002,

M. Buck; 10° 22 9, 28 km E Nipigon, 48°58’0”N, 87°58’47”W, 8 July 2002, M. Buck; 30°C"

52 Q, Sleeping Giant Provincial Park, 2.5 km S Visitor Centre, 48°20°53”N, 88°48°11”W, 9 and

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

14 July 2002, old sand pit, M. Buck; 30°C" 19, Sleeping Giant Provincial Park, Marie Louise

Lake Campground, 9-14 July 2002, white pans, M. Buck; 10’, Thunder Bay, 1 July 1970, K.J.G.

Deacon. Nipissing, 1 9, Algonquin Provincial Park, Lake Travers Road at hydro cut, 45°58’9”N,

77°50°37’W, 17 August 2002, M. Buck; 1 9, “Penage L.” [= Penaish Lake?], 29 June 1961, Rubus,

G. Knerer (ROME). Parry Sound, 1(’, Pointe au Baril, 6 August 1978, B. Warner. Manitoulin.

10’, Manitoulin I., Carter Bay, 45°36’23”N, 82°8’27”"W, 24 June 2003, dunes, M. Buck. Carleton,

Io 122 Q, Ottawa, 10 and 16 September 1913, 9 and 10 October 1913, 30 August 1914, (19

from sand pit) RW.L. Sladen (CNCI); 19, “J.F./Otta[wa]” (label cut off) from W.H. Harrington

collection; Ottawa, 10", “30.7”, 12, “11.6”, “8. P. mandibularis carries a green aphid”, 1 2, “139”,

“Passaloecus mandibularis Ar. 20.6.85”, probably from Guignard’s collection (CNCI). Carleton

or Renfrew, 10, Arnprior, Marshall Bay, 4 August 1913, C.G. Hewitt (CNCI). Hastings, 1¢7

22 2, Madoc, 21 June 1954, J.C. Martin (CNCI); Marmora, 19, 10 July 1952,29 9, 19 July 1952

(malaise trap), J.R. Vockeroth (CNCI); 10’, Marmora area, 11 August 1959, L.K. Smith (CNCI);

Chatterton, 19, 15 June 1955, 2 0'C’" 24 July 1956, J.C. Martin (CNCID); Belleville, 1 9, 5 August

1931, W.E. Steenburgh (CNCI), 19, 16 July 1950, J.C. Fisher, 19, no date/collector (CNCI); 2

O'C’" Frankford, 23 June 1954, J.C. Martin (CNCI); 12, Sydney Township, 17 June 1965, no

collector (CNCI). Northumberland, |’, Brighton, 7 July 1954, J.C. Martin (CNCI). Bruce, 10’,

Tobermory, 23 June 2002, bog, S.A. Marshall; 22 9, Dyers Bay, 17 July 1953 and 20 July 1954,

D.H. Pengelly. Grey, 12, Ceylon, 18 June 1959, D.H. Pengelly. Simcoe, 19, Baxter, Six-Mile

Lake, 8 July 1981, L. Packer (LPC). Dufferin, 10’, Primrose, 7 July 1960, D.H. Pengelly.

Wellington, 10’, Guelph, 11 July 1956, D.H. Pengelly; 10’, Arkell, 23 June 1959, D.H. Pengelly;

Eramosa, 10", 25 July 1959, 19, 18 July 1959, R.E. Crawford. Wentworth, 1 9, Ancaster, 8 August

1969, J.E.H. Martin (CNCI).

Quebec: 10’, Kazabazua, 24 July 1913, F W.L. Sladen (CNCI).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario and Quebec. Canada: AB (Finnamore 1994), NB;

U.S.: MI, NY, PA, ND, MT, ID, CO, AK (Krombein 1979; Eighme 1989).

Biology. Unknown.

Diodontus flavitarsis Fox, 1892

Ontario: Carleton, 20'C', Ottawa, 23 August 1959, J.R. Vockeroth (CNCI, DEBU); 10’,

same except 17 July 1989, damp second-growth Acer-Betula wood (CNCI). Essex, 19, Harrow,

13 August 1976, C.D. Neilsen.

Distribution. Newly recorded for eastern Canada. Canada: YT (Finnamore 1997); western

U.S.: WA to CA, east to IA, MO, TX, rare in the east (PA, DC) (Eighme 1989).

Biology. Unknown.

Species recognition. Males of this species are difficult to separate from D. virginianus (see

also note under D. adamsi). Eighme (1989) distinguished males of flavitarsis and virginianus

based on the colour of the pronotal lobes. Unfortunately, this character is variable in virginianus

(ranging from black to yellow). Both sexes of flavitarsis can be distinguished from virginianus by

the slightly more produced and acute lateral angle of the transverse pronotal carina (difference

usually clearer in females). Additionally, yellow coloration elements are usually developed better

in flavitarsis males (tegula usually yellow to the summit, hind tibia yellow dorsally at least at

base).

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Diodontus minutus (Fabricius, 1793)

Ontario: Manitoulin, Manitoulin I., Carter Bay, 45°36’23”N, 82°8°27"W, l1o’'o' 899,

23-24 June 2003, 40°C" 19, 13 July 2003, dunes, M. Buck. Carleton, 160°C" 59 9, Ottawa,

May-September, 1952-1975, various collectors (all except 20’C" CNCI). Lanark, 2° Q, Fallbrook,

14 August 1974, J.T. Huber; 19, 20 mi Clayton Road, 12 September 1984, H. Goulet & L. Masner

(CNCI). Lanark or Leeds and Grenville, 12, Smiths Falls, 11 September 1950, J.C. Martin

(CNCI). Leeds and Grenville, 10’, Gananoque, 26 September 1981, R. St. Onge. Hastings, 30°C

29 9, Shannonville, 24 August 1949, J.C. Martin (CNCI); 19, Belleville, 16 July 1949, J.C. Martin

(CNCI). Peterborough, 70°C’ 629, Norwood, various dates, 1975, 1982-84, T.D. Galloway

(EDUM); 19, Serpent Mounds Provincial Park, 8 August 1983, T.D. Galloway (EDUM).

Peterborough or Brant, 19, Mt. Pleasant, 10 July 1958, L.A. Kelton (CNCI). Northumberland,

10’, Brighton, 21 July 1954, J.C. Martin (CNCI). Bruce, Inverhuron Provincial Park, front dunes,

44°17°33”N, 81°35’28”W, 20°C’ 39 9 (299 in yellow pans), 2 July 2003, 10°, 25 July 2003, M.

Buck, 29 9, 10 September 2003, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero. Bruce or Grey, 29 9, Hepworth, 4 July

1954 and 31 May 1977, D.H. Pengelly & K.N. Barber. Grey, 40°C’, Clarksburg, 16 August 1964,

B.K.W. Wyatt; 200", Meaford, 14 June 1975, J.T. Huber. Huron, 10’, Goderich, 22 June 1977,

K.N. Barber. Simcoe, 192, Honey Harbour, 26 August 1959, D.H. Pengelly; 40°C", Midland, 9

June-15 July 1974, J.T. Huber. Dufferin, 150'C' 129 Q, Primrose, July, 1955-1974, D.H. Pengelly

& J.T. Huber; Mono Cliffs Provincial Park, 10° 49 9, 31 August 2002, 40°C", 21 June 2003, M.

Buck. York, 12, Toronto, 24 July 1981, L. Packer (LPC). Peel, Forks of the Credit, 20°C’ 19, 22

June 1965, G. Knerer (ROME), 20°C’ 49 9, 5, 15, 18 and 26 August 1969, P. MacKay (ROME),

399, June 1981, L. Packer (LPC); 49 9, Forks of the Credit, gravel pit NW of Provincial Park,

43°49’24”N, 80°0’57”W, 3 and 5 August 2002, M. Buck; 10", Brampton, Churchville Pk., 28 June

1978, P.W. Schefter (ROME). Wellington, 29 9, Belwood, 16 and 18 July 1972, D.H. Pengelly;

340°’ 119, Guelph, May-September, 1955-2002, various collectors; Aberfoyle, 19, 24 July

1974, W.D. Husby, 20", 25 June 1956, D.H. Pengelly; 80’C’, Arkell, June-August, 1958, 1959,

1975, D.H. Pengelly & L.A. Barlow; 30’C’, Elora, 6 September 1975 and 6 August 1981, L.A.

Barlow & G. Aiudi. Waterloo, 59 9, Waterloo, 11 October 1976 and 31 July 1988, D. Levin & LP.

Smith; 12, Cambridge, 9 June 1980, C. Bolter. Halton, 20’C' 1 Q, Aldershot, 7 July 1955, L.A.

Kelton (CNCI); 19, Milton, Woodland Trails Camp, 4 Line Nassagaweya, 43°32’51”N,

79°59’35”W, 8 August 2002, S.M. Paiero; 10°, Oakville, nr. Hwy 25 & Burnhamthorpe Road,

43°27°14”"N, 79°47°32”W, 9-10 August 2003, S.M. Paiero. Wentworth, 10’, Winona, 28 July

1948, G.G. Dustan (CNCI); 19, Ancaster, 8 August 1969, J.E.H. Martin (CNCI), 19, 9-15 July

1994, prairie, B. DeJonge. Lincoln, 32 2, Grimsby, 15 July 1955, D.H. Pengelly. Brant, 10’,

Ohsweken, 19 June 1979, D. Morris; 19, Paris, 24 June 1955, D.H. Pengelly; Brantford Railway

Prairie, 43°10’N, 80°19’W, 19, 24 August 2001, yellow pans, 2c", 12 July 2002, S.M. Paiero,

110° 29 9, 24 July 2002, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero. Norfolk, 1 2, Delhi-Simcoe Railway, 42°51’N,

80°23’W, 16 July 2002, S.M. Paiero; Manestar Tract, 1 9 , 20-26 August 1993, oak savannah, malaise

trap, J.T. Kerr, M. deGiusti & L. Packer (LPC), 1992 2, 24 August-7 September 2001, 10° 42.9,

23 June 2002, sandy field, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero; 49 9, N limit of St. Williams Crown Forest,

42°43’4"N, 80°28°17”"W, 29 August 2001, sandy road, M. Buck. Middlesex, Komoka Feed Mill

Prairie, 42°58’N, 81°25’W, 1 ©’, 11 July 2001, sweeps, 19, 14-27 July 2001, yellow pans, S.M.

Paiero. Elgin, 40°C" 19, Port Burwell, 4 July 1974, J.T. Huber. Lambton, 700’, Walpole L., 11

July 1977 and 12 July 1979, K.N. Barber & W.A. Attwater. Kent, 10", Chatham, 26 July 1954,

K.G. Davey (CNCI); 60°C" 229, Wheatley, 15 August 1982, T.D. Galloway (EDUM). Essex,

40'S 49 Q, Point Pelee, 20 and 28 July 1978, W.A. Attwater & D. Morris; Point Pelee National

Park, Old Maintenance Yard, 41°56’54”N, 82°31°14”W, 50°C" 69 Q, 29-30 July 2003, M. Buck,

ASS 3EQ, 14-15 August 2003, yellow and white pans, M. Buck & D. Cheung; 19, Point Pelee

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

National Park, De Laurier House, 29-30 July 2003, yellow pans, M. Buck & D. Cheung; 320°C

42 2, Leamington, various dates, 1975, 1977, 1983-85, 1987 (EDUM); 10’, Seacliffe, 15 August

1983, T.D. Galloway (EDUM); 20°C" 79 9, Harrow, July-August, 1973-1976, R.E. Roughley,

J.T. Huber & C.D. Neilsen; 19, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 19 June 2002, on earth between roots of

fallen tree, M. Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: QC (Finnamore 1982), BC; transcontinental

in U.S.: MA to VA (incl. NY, PA, MI), west to WA, CA (Krombein 1979; Eighme 1989). Palaearctic

Region (Eighme 1989).

Biology. Nests gregariously in sand (Krombein 1979).

Diodontus spiniferus (Mickel, 1916)

Ontario: Thunder Bay, 10" 19, Little Pic River at Hwy 17, 48°48’5”N, 86°37°47”W, 17

July 2002, sand cliff, M. Buck. Rainy River, 40'C’, Rainy River, 5 July 1960 and 3 August 1960,

S.M. Clark (CNCI). Carleton, Ottawa, 10", “138.”, “Passaloecus mandibularis St. 11.7.85” probably

from Guignard’s collection, 329, 30 August 1914, FW.L. Sladen (CNCI). Simcoe, Midland,

20°C’, 8 June 1974, 10°, 9 June 1974, 30°C’,", 14 July 1974, 10 19, 5 August 1974, J.T. Huber.

Quebec: 30°C 39 Q, Kazabazua, 4 August 1913, FR W.L. Sladen (CNCI).

Distribution. Newly recorded for eastern Canada (ON, QC). Western Canada: AB; U.S.:

MD, IA, MO, MN, NE, MT, CO, CA (Eighme 1989).

Biology. Unknown.

Species recognition. The male of this species has never been described. It differs from all

other Ontario species of Diodontus by the combination of a yellow mandible and a black pronotal

lobe.

Diodontus virginianus (Rohwer, 1917)

Ontario: Halton, 19, Oakville, nr. Hwy 25 & Burnhamthorpe Road, 43°27’14’N,

79°47°32”W, 9 August 2002, S.M. Paiero. Wentworth, 3929, Hamilton, 9-13 July 1981, M.

Sanborne (CNCI); 29 9, nr. Carluke, 12-20 July 1996, wood pile, tepee trap, B. DeJonge. Welland,

19, Niagara Falls, Niagara Whirlpool, 1 July 2004, S.M. Paiero.Norfolk, 12, Delhi-Simcoe railway

line, Simcoe Junction, 1-14 August 1994, J.T. Kerr & L. Packer (LPC); Manestar Tract, 42°43’N,

80°27’ W, 29 9, 15-22 June 1992 (LPC, DEBU), 19, 27-30 June 1992, 19, 30 June-10 July 1992,

12, 10-18 July 1992, 229, 18-30 July 1992, oak savannah, malaise trap, P.J. Carson (LPC).

Elgin, 12, Aylmer West, 13-17 July 1972, malaise trap, no collector (CNCI). Essex, ISOC

272 2*), Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 18-19 June 2002, females nesting in earth between roots of

fallen tree, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. U.S.: VA, DC, MD, NY, OR, ID, CA (Eighme

1989).

Biology. Nests gregariously in flat soil or pockets of earth between roots, and provisions with

Aphidae (Krombein 1979) and Adelgidae (see below). At Windsor, females of the cleptoparasitic

fly Leucophora sociata (Meigen) (Anthomyiidae) were seen perching near and entering the

Diodontus nests.

Prey records. *) Five unidentified Adelgidae.

Species recognition. See notes under D. flavitarsis and D. adamsi.

Pemphredon morio vander Linden, 1829

: Ontario: Norfolk, 12, Manestar Tract, 6 km NNW St. Williams, 42°42°17°N, 80°27°38"W,

8 June 2001, exiting from insect boring in old log, M. Buck.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Distribution. Newly recorded for the Nearctic Region. Widespread in Palaearctic: Europe

(except Mediterranean), Turkey, Kazakhstan, Russia, Japan (Dollfuss 1995). Apparently a recent

introduction.

Biology. Nests in dead wood. Prey are wingless Aphididae (Lomholdt 1975-76).

Passaloecus borealis Dahlbom, 1844

Ontario: Thunder Bay, 19, Prairie River at Hwy 17, 38 km E Terrace Bay, 48°48°4”N,

86°47’4”W, 15-19 July 2002, boggy spruce, malaise trap, M. Buck.

Quebec: James Bay Route km 66, 19, 4-12 June 1987, flight intercept trap, 229, 12

June-8 August 1987, malaise/flight intercept trap, L. Leblanc (CNCI, DEBU).

Distribution. Newly recorded for the eastern Nearctic (ON, QC). Canada: BC, NT (Vincent

1978), YT (Finnamore 1997); western U.S.: WA and MT south to UT, CO, NM (Vincent 1978).

Biology. Unknown. Other species of the genus nest in pithy plant stems, in borings in wood or

abandoned galls, and prey on Aphididae and Lachnidae (Lomholdt 1975-76).

Passaloecus gracilis (Curtis, 1834)

Ontario: Carleton, 59 2, Ottawa, 1,5, 10 and 14 August 1989, damp second-growth Acer-

Betula wood, J.R. Vockeroth (CNCI); 52 9, Metcalfe, 28 July 1993, B.E. Cooper (CNCI). Grey,

20'C' 19, Flesherton, Saugeen River, 2001, reared from trap nest, P.E. Hallett. Wellington, Guelph,

10°, 10 June 1975, W.A. Attwater, 32 2, 26 June 1979, D.C. Murrell, 20’C"", 28-29 June 1982,

K.N. Barber. Waterloo, Cambridge, 19, 4 August 1981, C. Bolter, 12, 7 June 1984, grass field,

M. Harvey. Halton, Milton, Derry Road & 4" Line, 43°31°31”N, 79°50’25”W, 10%, 28 June 2002,

10°, 19 June 2003, 19, 3 September 2003, S.M. Paiero; 1¢’ 1 9, Oakville, 13 June 1976, W.A.

Attwater; 19, Oakville, nr. Hwy 25 & Burnhamthorpe Road, 43°27’14”N, 79°47’°32”W, 9-10

August 2003, S.M. Paiero. Wentworth, 1 2, Ancaster, 43°13’N, 79°59’W, 1-9 July 1994, prairie,

B. DeJonge. Welland, 1 9, Fonthill, 7 August 1984, M.A. Luciani. Norfolk, 19, Manestar Tract,

42°43’N, 80°27’W, 20-26 August 1993, oak savannah, malaise trap, J.T. Kerr, M. deGiusti & L.

Packer (LPC). Elgin, 12, St. Thomas, 26 June 1983, R.D. Smith. Essex, 10°, Leamington, 7

August 1985, T.D. Galloway (EDUM).

Alberta: 19, Calgary, University Farm, 12 July 1988, L. Packer (LPC).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario and Alberta. Canada: QC (Finnamore 1982); eastern

U.S.: NJ, PA, OH, MI to TX along coast, IN (Krombein 1979). A western European species, probably

introduced to the New World (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Nests in dry plant stems (e.g., Phragmites, Sambucus), in insect borings in dead

wood, and cynipid galls on Quercus. Prey consists of Lachnidae and Aphididae (Lomholdt 1975-

76).

Species recognition. The pale markings of this species are far more variable than indicated

by Vincent (1978). Some of the examined specimens (males and females) have entirely black or

dark brown mandibles, palpi, scapes, tibiae and pronotal lobes.

Spilomena ampliceps Krombein, 1952

Ontario: Muskoka, 19, Arrowhead Provincial Park, 15-17 September 1975, sweeping in

seepage area, I.M. Smith (CNCI).

New Brunswick: | 2, Kouchibouguac National Park, 11 July 1977, M. Ivanochko (CNCI).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada (ON, NB). U.S.: MN, WV (Bohart and Smith 1994).

Biology. Presumably nests in old beetle borings in dead wood (Krombein 1979).

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Spilomena pusilla (Say, 1837)

Ontario: Simcoe, |’, Penetang, 1 August 1955, J.G. Chillcott (CNCI). Halton, 19, Oakville,

nr. Hwy 25 & Burnhamthorpe Road, 43°27°14”N, 79°47°32”W, 9 August 2002, S.M. Paiero.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. U.S.: NY (Kurczewski and Miller 1991), CT to

NC (incl. NY, PA), west to CA, AZ (Bohart and Smith 1994).

Biology. Nests in abandoned burrows of Anobiidae in dead wood. Prey are larval and adult

Thysanoptera (Krombein 1979).

Ammoplanus (Ammoplanellus) lenape lenape (Pate, 1937)

Ontario: Manitoulin, 29 9, Barrie I., 45°55’N, 83°37’W, 1 July 1993, alvar, screen sweep,

H. Goulet (CNCID).

Distribution. Genus and species newly recorded for Canada. Nominate subspecies otherwise

known from type locality only (PA: Northampton County). Subspecies olamentke (Pate 1943)

from MT, CA (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Species of the nominate subgenus are believed to nest in pre-existing holes or crannies

in wood and possibly provision their cells with Thysanoptera (Krombein 1979).

Species recognition. This is one of only two described eastern Nearctic species within the

predominantly western tribe Ammoplanini. Identification of these tiny and cryptic wasps remains

tentative until the eastern Nearctic fauna is better known.

Subfamily Astatinae

Diploplectron peglowi Krombein, 1939

Ontario: Manitoulin, 29 2, Manitoulin I., south shore nr. Poplar, 18 August 1982, M. Sharkey

(CNCI); Manitoulin I., Carter Bay, 45°36’23”N, 82°8’27”W, 30°C" 19, 24 June 2003, 30°C", 27

June 2003, 40°C’ 39 9 *), 13 July 2003, M. Buck; Manitoulin I., Sand Bay, 45°48’6”N, 82°47°36”"W,

10°, 25 June 2003, 19, 17 July 2003, M. Buck; 29 9, Manitoulin I., Misery Bay Provincial Park,

45°47°37°N, 82°44’11”W, beach, 12 July 2003, M. Buck; 120’ 32.9, Manitoulin I., Union

Road nr. Portage Lake, 45°46’5”N, 82°32’13”W, sandy field, 14 July 2003, M. Buck; 10’,

Manitoulin I., Portage Bay, 45°45’N, 82°32’W, dunes, 21 July 2003, M. Buck. Carleton, 19,

Ottawa, 25 August 1954, W.R.M. Mason (CNCI); 10’, Ottawa, Bruce Pit, 11-17 July 2000, yellow

pans, L. Masner (CNCI). Bruce, Dorcas Bay, 45°11’N, 81°35’ W, 19, 19-24 August 1997, 22 9,

5-13 June 1999, 1c¢' 49 9, 30 June-21 July 2003, sand dune, malaise trap, S.A. Marshall; 50°C’.

Bruce Peninsula National Park, Singing Sands, 45°11’34”N, 81°34’58”W, dunes, 8 July 2003, M.

Buck; Inverhuron Provincial Park, 20’C", 2 July 2003, M. Buck, 19, 28 June-8 July 2003, 22 9,

8-20 July 2003, malaise trap, S.A. Marshall. Grey, 1 9, Hepworth dunes, 44°37°N, 81°9°W, 5 July

2003, M. Buck. Norfolk, 19, Walsingham, Regional Road 60 5.5 km W Jct. Hwys 24 & 59,

Pteraphylla Farm, 19 August 1991, P.J. Carson (LPC); Manestar Tract, 6 km NNW St. Williams,

42°42”17”N, 80°27°38”W, 10" 89.9, 24 August 2001, 30°" 19, 29 August 2001, 20°C" 19,7

September 2001, 106° 39 9, 23 June 2002, sandy field, M. Buck. Lambton, 1 9, Pinery Provincial

Park, 1-30 June 1986, malaise trap, L. Packer (ROME); | Q, Pinery Provincial Park, powerline, 18-

21 June 1986, malaise trap, L. Packer (LPC). Essex, 19, Point Pelee, 21 June 1920 (CNCID).

Saskatchewan: 1 9, Great Sand Hills, 50°42’N, 109°17’W, 16-19 June 1988, W. Polak (CNCI).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario and Saskatchewan. Western Canada: YT (Finnamore

1997), NT; western U.S.: WY, ID, CO, UT, NV, CA (Krombein 1979). Rare in east: NY (Oswego

County), MI (Alger, Kalkaska, Livingston and Marquette Counties) (O’Brien 1984).

Biology. Nests in sand. Prey are nymphs of various species of the families Lygaeidae (s.1.)

and Rhopalidae (Krombein 1979).

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Prey record. *) One nymphal Rhyparochromidae (Lygaeidae, s.1.), probably Emblethis vicarius

Horvath.

Astata nubecula Cresson, 1865

Ontario: Manitoulin, 20’ C’, Gore Bay, 16 July 1960, D.H. Pengelly. Bruce, 10’, Dyers Bay,

8 July 1953, D.H. Pengelly; 19, Crane River Road, 29 July 1997, S.A. Marshall. Norfolk, 12*),

Turkey Point Provincial Park, east boundary, 42°42°37”N, 80°19°47"W, 17 August 2003, M. Buck.

Essex, 12, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 30-31 July 2002, S.M. Paiero.

British Columbia: 20''C’, Penticton, | August 1974, B.K. Akey.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario and British Columbia. Canada: AB (Strickland

1947), QC (Finnamore 1982), NT; western and northern U.S. south to VA (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Nests in hard, bare, stony soil or in sand. Prey are nymphs of various Pentatomidae

(Krombein 1979).

Prey record. *) One nymphal Dendrocoris humeralis (Uhler) (Pentatomidae).

Astata occidentalis Cresson, 1881

Ontario: Halton, Milton, Woodland Trails Camp, 4" Line Nassagaweya, 43°32’51"N,

79°59’35"W, 29 9!), 15 August 2002, S.M. Paiero, 9° 2’), 18 August 2003, M. Buck; 19, Oakville,

nr. Hwy 25 & Burnhamthorpe Road, 43°27°14”N, 79°47°32"W, 30 August 2003, S.M. Paiero.

Norfolk, 12, Normandale Fish Culture Station, 42°43’7”N, 80°20’20”W, 23 August 2003, B.

Arnal & H. Duggan (BAR). Middlesex, 19, London, 5 July 1990, R.W. Turnock (EDUM).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Recorded by Parker (1962) from the “southern

provinces of Canada” without mentioning a province in particular; entire U.S.; Mexico south to

Michoacan and Baja California Sur (Parker 1962). Besides the specimens from Ontario no other

Canadian material was found in collections.

Biology. Nests in bare, hard-packed clay and provisions with Pentatomidae of various genera

(Krombein 1979).

Prey records. ') One adult Banasa dimidiata (Say) (Pentatomidae). *) Five adult Banasa

dimidiata, two adult Elasmostethus cruciatus (Say) (Acanthosomatidae). Several females were

observed nesting in a small area of hard-packed soil on an abandoned unpaved road.

Subfamily Crabroninae (syn.: Larrinae)

Liris beatus (Cameron, 1889)

Ontario: Lambton, 29 9, Pinery Provincial Park, powerline, 15 July 1986, L. Packer (LPC,

DEBU).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Transcontinental in U.S.: NY to TX, and WY, UT

south to CA, NM (Krombein and Shanks Gingras 1984); Panama (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Preys on nymphs and adults of Gryllus species and Acheta domesticus L. (Gryllidae)

(Krombein and Shanks Gingras 1984).

Tachytes crassus Patton, 1881

Ontario: Kent, 800", Rondeau Provincial Park, 14 July 1962, S.M. Clark (CNCD; 2 9 9*),

Rondeau Provincial Park, Spicebush Trail, 42°18’9”N, 81°51’6”W, 15 August 2003, Carolinian

forest, S.M. Paiero; Rondeau Provincial Park, South Point Trail, east parking lot, 42°15’42”N,

81°50°49”W, 39 9, 9-10 August 2003, oak savannah, nesting in sand below roots of fallen tree,

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

M. Buck, 10", 16 August 2003, dunes, S.M. Paiero; 30'C" 1 9, Rondeau Provincial Park, Lakeshore

Road, Beach Access #11, 42°1671"N, 81°50°39"W, 10 August 2003, dunes, M. Buck; 1 2, Wheatley,

9 July 1977, K.N. Barber. Essex, 19, Point Pelee, 30 July 1920, N.K. Bigelow (ROME); 10’,

Seacliffe, 1 August 1975, T.D. Galloway (EDUM); 10’, Ojibway Prairie Reserve, 12 July 1982,

K.N. Barber; 10", Ojibway Park, 1 August 1984, M.T. Kasserra.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Eastern U.S. (incl. NY, WI) to eastern TX, NE

(Bohart 1994).

Biology. Nests in sand or in heavy clay-loam. Prey are nymphs and sometimes adults of

Orchelimum and Conocephalus (Tettigoniidae) (Krombein 1979).

Prey record. *) One adult female Conocephalus nigropleurum (Bruner).

Tachytes harpax Patton, 1881

Ontario: Nipissing, 1c’ 22 9, Algonquin Provincial Park, Lake Travers Road NE km 36.5,

45°54’ 1”N, 77°42’45”W, 18-19 August 2002 (1 @ in yellow pans), M. Buck. Bruce, 10’, Inverhuron

Provincial Park, front dunes, 44°17°33”N, 81°35’28”W, 22 August 2003, yellow pans, M. Buck.

Peel, 12, Caledon East, 7 July 1989, woodlot clearing, L. Packer (LPC). Wellington, Guelph, 19,

21 July 1977, K.N. Barber, 19, 11 August 1977, D.C. Murrell, 10’, 28 July 1978, M.L.B. Farrell,

12, 31 July 1978, B. Warner. Halton, 12, Burns Conservation Area, 20 July 1980, J. Kircher.

Essex, 12, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, nr. Sprucewood Avenue, 26-27 August 2002, yellow pans,

M. Buck & S.M. Paiero.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Eastern U.S. (incl. PA, MI, WI): MA to FL, IL and

eastern TX (Bohart 1994; Krombein 1979).

Biology. Nests in fine silt and sand. Prey is Conocephalus brevipennis (Scudder) (Tettigoniidae)

(Krombein 1979).

Tachytes intermedius (Viereck, 1906)

Ontario: Peterborough, 10’, Norwood, 5 July 1977, T.D. Galloway (EDUM). Lambton,

1Q, Pinery Provincial Park, 5 August 1986, malaise trap, L. Packer (LPC). Kent, 39 2, Rondeau

Provincial Park, South Point Trail, east parking lot, 42°15’42”N, 81°50°49”W, 9-10 August 2003,

dunes, yellow and white pans, M. Buck; 10’, Rondeau Provincial Park, South Point Trail East,

42°15°35”N, 81°50°53”W, 9-10 August 2003, savannah, white pans, M. Buck. Essex, Windsor,

Ojibway Prairie, 19 , 30-31 July 2002, 1 9, 26-27 August 2002, S.M. Paiero, 10’ 22 9, 27 August

2002, 10° 22 2*), 13 September 2002, M. Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Eastern U.S.: NY to FL, west to NE, TX (Krombein

1979).

Biology. Nests in sand and preys on nymphs and adults of Neotridactylus apicalis (Say) and

Ellipes minutus Scudder (Tridactylidae) (Kurczewski and Kurczewski 1971).

Prey record. *) One nymphal Ellipes minutus Scudder.

Tachytes pennsylvanicus Banks, 1921

Ontario: Wellington, Guelph, 20'c’, 14 August 1974, P.G. Mason (10% deposited in CASC).

Locality unknown: 19, “E Ont. Can”, no date/collector (CNCI); 1 9, “32” and “Ont. Evans”, no

date (CNCI).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: QC (Finnamore 1982); eastern U.S. (incl.

NY) west to MT, NE and TX (Bohart 1994). Apparently, older records from further west (BC; OR,

_ID, CO, NM; see Krombein 1979) are due to misidentifications.

; Biology. Species of the pepticus species group of Tachytes to which this species belongs are

ground-nesting and prey on Acrididae (Krombein 1979).

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Tachysphex alpestris Rohwer, 1908

Ontario: Thunder Bay, | 2, Mouth of Pic River, N side, 48°36’N, 86°18’ W, 19 July 2001,

sandy area, M. Buck; 110°C" 89 9, same data except 20 July 2001, sand dunes (10° 19 deposited

in CASC, 10 in CNCI); same data except 19-22 July 2001, 19, malaise trap, 20'C" 19, yellow

pans, sand dunes, M. & B. Buck; 19°, Pukaskwa National Park, Beach Trail, 29 July 2003, dunes,

S.M. Paiero; 80°C" 39. 9, Neys Provincial Park, Dune Trail, 48°46’52”N, 86°36’53”W, 7 July

2002, M. Buck; 600" 59 Q, Neys Provincial Park, Prisoner’s Cove nr. Little Pic River, 48°47’28”N,

86°37°48"W, 16 and 18 July 2002, beach, M. Buck; 2 O'C’, Neys Provincial Park, railway crossing,

48°46’30”N, 86°35°3”W, 17 July 2002, M. Buck; 10" 19, Terrace Bay, beach of Lake Superior,

48°46’19”N, 87°7°3”W, 15 July 2002, M. Buck; 19, Terrace Bay, 48°46’39”N, 87°6’29”"W, 15

July 2002, sandy forest edge, M. Buck; 10’, 28 km E Nipigon, 48°58’0"N, 87°58’47°W, 8 July

2002, M. Buck; 70°C", 8 Q, Sleeping Giant Provincial Park, 2.5 km S Visitor Centre, 48°20°53”N,

88°48’ 11”W, 9 and 14 July 2002, old sand pit, M. Buck. Manitoulin, 49 9, Manitoulin I., Carter

Bay, 45°36’23”N, 82°8’27”W, 23-24 June 2003, dunes, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero, 10’, 13 July

2003, M. Buck.

The following specimens show characters intermediate with regard to Tachysphex terminatus

(see note below): 20’C’, Manitoulin I., Carter Bay, 45°36’23”N, 82°8’27”W, 13 July 2003, dunes,

M. Buck; 500", Manitoulin I., Union Road nr. Portage Lk., 45°46’5”N, 82°32°13”W, 14 July

2003, sandy field, M. Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for the eastern Nearctic. Western Canada: YT (Finnamore 1997),

NT, BC to MB; AK, western U.S. east to MT, NE, NM; Mexico: along Pacific and Gulf Coast

south to Yucatan and Chiapas; Costa Rica (Lim6n) (Pulawski 1988).

Biology. Nests in the ground. Prey are immature Acrididae (Pulawski 1988).

Taxonomy. Pulawski (1988) indicated that this ‘species’ might just be a geographical race of

T. terminatus. The two taxa are almost completely allopatric but Pulawski (l.c.) mentions seven

localities in Canada, the U.S. and Mexico where both occur together. In Ontario T. alpestris is

restricted to the north ranging south to Manitoulin I. (see specimen data) while T. terminatus is

widespread in the south reaching Manitoulin I. in the north. On Manitoulin I. the two species

appear to intergrade: The population from Carter Bay shows more similarity with T. alpestris

(metapleural process small, apical metasomal segments of male black) but some specimens possess

a relatively large metapleural process. In the population from Union Road most specimens resemble

T. terminatus (metapleural process larger, apical metasomal segments of male red) but some

specimens possess a fairly small metapleural process and the metasoma of some males is completely

black (this colour form rarely occurs in terminatus, cf. Pulawski 1988; I have not seen it yet from

Ontario). At neither of the two sites typical specimens of both T. alpestris and T. terminatus occur

together, only typical specimens of one taxon and intermediate forms. The morphological extremes

from each site are linked through intermediate forms and do not appear to be representative of

different species. This could also be true for populations from other putative sympatric localities.

These observations further support the hypothesis that T. alpestris is merely a subspecies of T,

terminatus.

Tachysphex antennatus Fox, 1894

Ontario: York, 10’, King Township, Joker’s Hill, Koffler Scientific Reserve, 44°3’N, 79°29’ W,

late August 2003, W. Godsoe. Peel, Forks of the Credit, 19, 17 June 1965, 10", 15 July 1965, G.

Knerer (ROME), 10", 5 August 1969, 19, 26 August 1969, P. MacKay (ROME), 10’, June 1981,

L. Packer (LPC); 290'C' 319 9*), Forks of the Credit Provincial Park, 3 August 2002, M. Buck;

Forks of the Credit, gravel pit NW of Provincial Park, 43°49’24”N, 80°0’57”W, 5 August 2002

10 229, white pans, 30°C", M. Buck. Wellington, 10", Arkell, 22 July 1960, D.H. Pengelly;

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Guelph, 19, 12 July 1978, B. Warner, 10", 8 August 1978, W.A. Attwater. Halton, 1c’ 299,

Milton, Woodland Trails Camp, 4" Line Nassagaweya, 43°32’51”N, 79°59’35”W, 18 August 2003,

M. Buck & S.M. Paiero. Wentworth, 10’, Ancaster, 8 August 1969, J.E.H. Martin (CNCI); 250°C"

622 0c’ 22 Q in yellow and white pans), Flamborough, Lawson Farm, 43°18’58”N,

80°2°26”W, 30 June-1 July 2003, alvar, M. Buck. Brant, Brantford Railway Prairie, 43°10’N,

80°19°W, 1c, 24 August 2001,6 0'o' 1 2, 12 July 2002, yellow pans, S.M. Paiero. Norfolk, 10’,

Turkey Point Tract at Regional Road 10, 42°42’2”N, 80°20°17”W, 23 August 2003, M. Buck.

Middlesex, 10" 19, Komoka Feed Mill Prairie, 42°58’N, 81°25’W, 11-14 July 2001, yellow pans,

S.M. Paiero. Essex, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 19, 26 August 2002, 10”, 13 September 2002, M.

Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for eastern Canada. Canada: southern BC; transcontinental in

U.S.: NH and FL (incl. NY, PA, OH, MI) to OR and CA; Mexico south to Chiapas (Pulawski

1988).

Biology. Unlike most other members of the genus in Ontario this species nests in hard-packed

soil. Prey are nymphal Melanoplus (Acrididae) (Pulawski 1988).

Prey record. *) One third-instar Chorthippus curtipennis (Harris) (Acrididae).

Tachysphex apicalis Fox, 1893

Ontario: Essex, 12, Windsor, Springarden Road ANSI, 31 July 2002, M. Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: AB, BC; transcontinental in U.S. (incl.

NY, MI, WI); most of Mexico south to Isthmus of Tehuantepec; Cuba; introduced to Hawaii

(Pulawski 1988).

Biology. This species differs from most other Tachysphex by building its nest in sloping banks

or cliffs, vertical parts of land tortoise holes, or even mortar between foundation rocks of a house.

Prey are immature grasshoppers of various genera (Pulawski 1988).

Tachysphex texanus (Cresson, 1872)

Ontario: Carleton, 10’, Ottawa, Innes Point, 10 July 1985, pan trap, L. Masner (CNCI).

Dufferin, 10’, Primrose, 17 July 1956, D.H. Pengelly. Wellington, 10°, Eramosa, 25 July 1959,

R.E. Crawford; 10’, Arkell, 22 July 1960, D.H. Pengelly.

Distribution. Newly recorded for eastern Canada. Canada: southern AB; transcontinental in

U.S.: MA and FL (incl. MI) to WA and CA; Mexico south to Jalisco (Pulawski 1988).

Biology. This species is ground-nesting and preys on immature Acrididae (Pulawski 1988).

Plenoculus davisi davisi Fox, 1893

Ontario: Thunder Bay, 10’, Thunder Bay, 13 km ENE Jct. Hwy 17 & 527, 48°31°37°N,

88°58’41”W, 10 July 2002, M. Buck; 40", same except 16 km ENE Jct. Hwy 17 & 527,

48°32’7”°N, 88°56’23”W. Sudbury, 19, Massey, 20 July 2002, sandy railway embankment, M.

Buck. Parry Sound, 1 9, Powassan, 11 July 1978, J. Cappleman. Manitoulin, 10° 12, Manitoulin

I., Carter Bay, 45°36’23”N, 82°8’27”W, 24 June 2003, dunes, M. Buck; 1 2, Manitoulin I., Misery

Bay Provincial Park, 45°47’37”N, 82°44’11”W, 12 July 2003, beach, M. Buck; 50'o" 399.

Manitoulin I., Union Road nr. Portage Lk., 45°46’5”N, 82°32’13”W, 14 July 2003, sandy field, M.

Buck. Carleton, 22 9, Ottawa, 25 August 1954, W.R.M. Mason (CNCI); 10°, Nepean, Slack

Road [?], 10-15 August 1992, pan trap, L. Masner (CNCI). Peterborough, Norwood, 19, 23 July

1975, 20°’ 29 F, 5-6 August 1983, 59 9, 16 August 1984, T.D. Galloway (EDUM); 10", Serpent

Mound Provincial Park, 8 August 1983, T.D. Galloway (EDUM). Northumberland, Brighton,

*19, 17 July 1956, 10%, 3 August 1956, malaise trap, no collector (CNCI); 12, Murray Township,

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Murray Sand Hills, 28 July 1996, F.E. Kurczewski (FEK). Bruce, Inverhuron Provincial Park,

front dunes, 44°17’33”N, 81°35’28”W, 29 9, 22 August 2003, yellow pans, 19, 2 July 2003, M.

Buck. Bruce or Grey, 10, Hepworth, 26 June 1975, J.T. Huber. Grey, 200", Meaford, 14 June

1975, J.T. Huber; Hepworth dunes, 44°37’N, 81°9’W, 10" 19, 5 July 2003, 10%, 22 July 2003, M.

Buck. Simcoe, Midland, 19, 6 July 1974, 19, 14 July 1974, 1c" 32Q, 26 August 1974, J.T.

Huber; 19, C.F.B. Borden, 27 July 1996, FE. Kurczewski (FEK). Dufferin, Primrose, 49 9, 30

June 1955, 10° 299, 17 July 1956, D.H. Pengelly; 12, same except 6 July 1974, J.T. Huber.

York, 10’, King Township, Joker’s Hill, Koffler Scientific Reserve, 44°3’N, 79°29’ W, 6 July 2003,

W. Godsoe. Peel, Forks of the Credit, gravel pit NW of Provincial Park, 43°49°24”N, 80°0’57”W,

80'S" 29 9*), 3 August 2002, 40°C", 5 August 2002, M. Buck. Wellington, 10, Guelph, 27 July

1974, J.T. Huber; 20'C", Aberfoyle, 25 June 1956, D.H. Pengelly. Halton, 10° 19, Aldershot, 7

July 1955, L.A. Kelton (CNCI). Wentworth, 1 9, Ancaster, 18-25 June 1994, prairie, malaise trap,

B. DeJonge. Norfolk, Manestar Tract, 6 km NNW St. Williams, 42°42’17”N, 80°27°38”W, 30'S

19, 2 July 2000, 19, 8 July 2000, 30°C’, 8 June 2001, 180'C’, 15 June 2001, 30°C’ 299, 25

June 2001, 29 9, 3 August 2001, 22 9, 24 August 2001, 400", 23 June 2002, sandy field, M.

Buck; 29 9, Delhi-Simcoe Railway, 42°51’N, 80°23’W, 16 July 2002, S.M. Paiero. Middlesex,

Strathroy, 20°C", June 1922, A.A. Wood (CNCI), 10", 3 July 1914, H.F. Hudson (CNCI). Essex,

19, Point Pelee, 19 July 1978, J.M. Cumming; Point Pelee National Park, Old Maintenance Yard,

41°56’54’”N, 82°31°14”W, 70°", 29-30 July 2003, 10°, 14 August 2003, M. Buck, 107° 29 Q, 14-

15 August 2003, yellow and white pans, M. Buck & D. Cheung; 120°C" 59 9, Leamington, various

dates, 1975, 1984-85, 1987, T.D. Galloway (EDUM); 20°C’, Seacliffe, 1 August 1975, T.D.

Galloway (EDUM); 30'C" 19, Windsor, Springarden Road ANSI, 31 July 2002, M. Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: BC; U.S.: CT to FL, west to AK, ID, CA;

Mexico (Krombein 1979). Finnamore (1982) recorded ssp. atlanticus Viereck from QC.

Biology. Nests in sand. Prey are nymphs and more commonly adults of various Miridae,

Arhyssus lateralis (Say) (Rhopalidae) and immature Aphidae (Krombein, 1979).

Prey record. *) One adult male Adelphocoris cf. lineolatus (Goeze) (Miridae).

Solierella levis Williams, 1950

Ontario: Peel, Forks of the Credit, gravel pit NW of Provincial Park, 43°49’24"N, 80°0’57”W,

20'S 19, 3 August 2002, 50°" 1 2, 5 August 2002, along gravel road, M. Buck. Essex, 2 9 9,

Leamington, 18 August 1987, T.D. Galloway (EDUM).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. U.S.: CA (Krombein 1979). CASC has specimens

from CA, AZ, NV, UT, western TX (Pulawski, in /itt.).

Biology. Unknown. Specimens from Forks of the Credit were collected along an abandoned

gravel road at the edge of an active gravel pit. Unlike S. peckhami and S. plenoculoides adults are

not attracted by white or yellow pans.

Taxonomy. The Ontario specimens were thoroughly compared to specimens from California

(material in CASC, USNM). Males differ consistently from California males by their less pointed

clypeus. In both sexes the colour of the mandibles is darker than in California specimens. Otherwise

eastern and western specimens are practically inseparable, including male genitalic characters

(one male each examined from Forks of the Credit, ON, and Thousand Palms Canyon, Riverside

County, CA, the latter in USNM).

Solierella peckhami (Ashmead, 1897)

Ontario: Thunder Bay, 10’, Mouth of Pic River, N side, 48°36’N, 86°18’W, 19-22 July

2001, sand dunes, yellow pans, M. & B. Buck; 10", Terrace Bay, 48°46’39’N, 87°6’29”W, 15 July

2002, sandy forest edge, M. Buck. Sudbury, 10’, Nairn Centre, Old Nairn Road nr. Hwy 17,

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

46°19°35°N, 81°37°6"W, 6 July 2002, M. Buck. Manitoulin, 10’, Manitoulin I., Carter Bay,

45°36°23"N, 82°8'27"W, dunes, 24 June 2003, M. Buck. Carleton, 12, Ottawa, Innes Point, 10

July 1985, pan trap, L. Masner (CNCTI); 7 km SW Carleton Place, 10", 20-26 May 1981, 20°

22 Q, 19-29 June 1981, S.J. Miller (CNCI). Leeds and Grenville, St. Lawrence Is. National Park.

Grenadier I. Centre, 10°, 4 June 1975, pan trap, 12, 1 August 1975, E. Sigler (CNCD). Hastings,

12, Marmora, 8 September 1952, J.F. McAlpine (CNCI); 19, Chatterton, 15 June 1953, J.C.

Martin (CNCI); Belleville, 1c’, 16 July 1949, 1 Q, 2 September 1950, J.C. Martin (CNCI).

Northumberland, 1 9, Brighton, 13 July 1956, no collector, malaise trap (CNCI). Bruce, Inverhuron

Provincial Park, front dunes, 44°17°33"N, 81°35’28"W, 107, 2 July 2003, netted, 29 9, 26 July

2003, white and yellow pans, 29 9, 22 August 2003, white and yellow pans, M. Buck. York, 19,

King Township, Joker’s Hill, Koffler Scientific Reserve, 44°3’N, 79°29’W, 18-19 August 2003,

sand pit, yellow pans, W. Godsoe. Peel, 19, Forks of the Credit Provincial Park, 3 August 2002,

white pans, M. Buck; 30°C 49. Q, Forks of the Credit, gravel pit NW of Provincial Park,

43°49°24"N, 80°0°57"W, 3 and 5 August 2002, yellow and white pans (except 22 2) M. Buck.

Wellington, Guelph, 10, 12 July 1953, 19, 31 June 1955, D.H. Pengelly. Waterloo, 1°,

Cambridge, 21 June 1984, forest, M. Harvey. Halton, 20’C’, Milton, Woodland Trails Camp, 4"

Line Nassagaweya, 43°32’51"N, 79°59°35"W, 18 August 2003, M. Buck. Wentworth, 60° o' 42 2

(40°C 39 Q in white and yellow pans), Flamborough, Lawson Farm, 43°18’58"N, 80°2’26"W, 30

June-1 July 2003, alvar, M. Buck. Brant, Brantford Railway Prairie, 43°10’N, 80°19°W, 20°o"

32 Q, 12 July 2002, yellow pans, 1c 19, 24 July 2002, S.M. Paiero. Norfolk, 19, Nixon West

Prairie, 28 May 1998, yellow pans, H. Douglas (LPC); Manestar Tract, 6 km NNW St. Williams,

42°42°17"N, 80°27°38"W, 4 2 Q, 25 July 2000, white pans, 19, 8 June 2001, yellow pans, 19, 15

June 2001, white pans, 32 2, 25 June 2001, white and yellow pans, 19, 3 August 2001, yellow

pans, 292 2, 24 August 2001 white and yellow pans, 1 2, 7 September 2001, white pans, 2 OC’ 6

2, 23 June 2002, sandy field, Buck et al.. Kent, Rondeau Provincial Park, South Point Trail

East, 70°" 12, 29 June 2002, netted, 10°, 7 September 2002, yellow pans, M. Buck, 19, 16-17

June 2003, yellow pans, S.M. Paiero, 20°C" 29 9, 9-10 August 2003, white pans, M. Buck, | Q,

5-7 September 2003, yellow pans, M. Buck. Essex, | 0’, Leamington, 4 August 1985, T.D. Galloway

(EDUM); | CO’, Point Pelee National Park, West Beach, 29 July 2003, M. Buck; Point Pelee National

Park, Old Maintenance Yard, 41°56°54"N, 82°31°14"W, 1c’ 19, 29 July 2003, netted, M. Buck,

1o0 19, 14-15 August 2003, yellow and white pans, M. Buck & D. Cheung; 10° 29 Q, Point Pelee

National Park, De Laurier House, 29-30 July 2003, white pans, M. Buck & D. Cheung; 329,

Point Pelee National Park, Old Henry Camp, 41°57°35"N, 82°31°32"W, 14-15 August 2003, white

pans, M. Buck & D. Cheung. Locality unknown, 19, "ex nursery in Ont.", no date/collector

(CNCI).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Transcontinental in U.S.: NY to FL, west to ID,

CA, introduced to Hawaii and Marshall Is. (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Nests in cavities in twigs and plant stems. Nymphal Lygaeidae (s.1.) are used as prey

(Krombein 1979).

Solierella plenoculoides plenoculoides (Fox, 1893)

Ontario: Thunder Bay, | 2, Pukaskwa National Park, Beach Trail, dunes, 29-30 July 2003,

yellow pans, S.M. Paiero. Carleton, 10°, Ottawa, 30 May 1914, F.W.L. Sladen (CNCD; 20° O'". 7

km SW Carleton Place, 20-26 May 1981, S.J. Miller (CNCI). Prince Edward, 10 22 Q, Smith

Bay nr. Picton, 1 July 1970, J.F. McAlpine (CNCI). Bruce, 12, Dyers Bay, 20 July 1955, D.H.

Pengelly. Grey, 10°, Meaford, 14 June 1975, J.T. Huber. Welland, 10’, Wainfleet Bog 8 km S

Welland, 7-13 June 1988, pan traps, A. Stirling. Wentworth, 10’, Hamilton, 9-13 July 1981, M.

Sanborne (CNCI). Norfolk, 10’, Turkey Point Provincial Park, 1 June 2002, oak savannah, white

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

pans, M. Buck; Manestar Tract, 6 km NNW St. Williams, 42°42°17"N, 80°27°38"W, 10%, 8 July

2000, on logs, 10", 23 June 2002, M. Buck. Kent, Rondeau Provincial Park, South Point Trail

East, 19, 28 June 2002, M. Buck, 10°, 29 May 2003, white pans, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero, 19, 9-

10 August 2003, white pans, M. Buck, 10’, 13-15 August 2003, yellow pans, S.M. Paiero. Essex,

1c 19, Point Pelee National Park, De Laurier House, 29-30 July 2003, yellow and white pans, M.

Buck & D. Cheung; 19, Point Pelee National Park, Old Maintenance Yard, 41°56°54"N,

82°31°14"W, 14-15 August 2003, white pans, M. Buck & D. Cheung; Windsor, Ojibway Prairie,

10’, 3-6 July 2001, 107, 10-13 July 2001, 29 2, 7-10 August 2001, 1 2, 21-24 August 2001, 19,

30 August-4 September 2001, 110°C" 22 2, 30 May 2002, yellow pans, S.M. Paiero, 40°C" 22 9,

18-19 June 2002, yellow pans (excl. 1c” 19), M. Buck & S.M. Paiero, 2 0 Co 6 2Q, 30-31 July

2002, white and yellow pans (excl. 16" 22 2), Buck et al., 32 9, 26-27 August 2002, yellow pans,

M. Buck, 10” 29 9, 25 July 2003, yellow pans, S.M. Paiero.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. U.S.: NY (Kurczewski and Miller 1991), NH to

VA, west to CO, TX, AZ (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Has been reported to nest in goldenrod galls caused by Eurosta solidaginis (Fitch)

(Tephritidae) (Krombein 1979). The prey is unknown.

Miscophus americanus Fox, 1890

Ontario: Thunder Bay, 19, 28 km E Nipigon, 48°58’0"N, 87°58’47"W, 8 July 2002, M.

Buck; 20, Terrace Bay, 15 July 2002, sandy forest edge, M. Buck. Nipissing, 10’, Algonquin

Provincial Park, Arowhon Road, Simm’s Pit, 45°34’ 19"N, 78°42’°41"W, 15-16 August 2002, yellow

pans, M. Buck. Parry Sound, 10’, Nobel Township N of Parry Sound, 3-4 August 2002, yellow

pans, E.L. Westman. Manitoulin, Manitoulin I., Carter Bay, dunes, 45°36’23"N, 82°8’27"W, 50 Co

12, 24 June 2003, 20°'o’ 49 '), 13 July 2003, M. Buck; Manitoulin I., Providence Bay, dunes,

45°39°41"N, 82°15°40"W, 1 2, 26 June 2003, 20° oh’ 39 Q, 18 July 2003, M. Buck; Manitoulin I.,

Sand Bay, dunes, 45°48’6"N, 82°47°36"W, 60°C" 22 9, 25 June 2003, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero,

10° 32 Q, 17 July 2003, M. Buck; 60°C" 19, Manitoulin I., Shrigley Bay, 45°43’33"N, 82°29’5"W,

9 July 2003, dunes, M. Buck; 90’, Manitoulin I., Misery Bay Provincial Park, 45°47°37"N,

82°44’11"W, 12 July 2003, beach, M. Buck; 40°C" 12, Manitoulin I’, Union Road nr. Portage Lk.,

45°46’5"N, 82°32°13"W, 14 July 2003, sandy field, M. Buck; 40°", Manitoulin I., Dominion

Bay, 45°42°19"N, 82°24’30"W, 16 July 2003, dunes, M. Buck; 20’C" 19, Manitoulin I., Square

Bay, 45°42’N, 82°23’W, 19 July 2003, dunes, M. Buck; 1c’ 19, Manitoulin I., Portage Bay,

45°45’°N, 82°32’W, 21 July 2003, dunes, M. Buck. Carleton 10’, Ottawa, 25 August 1954, W.R.M.

Mason (CNCI); 10", Ottawa, uplands sand pits, 25 August 1954, C.D. Miller (CNCI); 19, Ottawa

Airport, 25 June-2 July 1985, pan trap, J. Denis (CNCI); 22 9, Merivale, 23 June 1953, C.D.

Miller (CNCI). Prince Edward, 10 12, Smith Bay nr. Picton, 1 July 1970, J.F. McAlpine (CNCI).

Peterborough, Norwood, 19, 24 August 1982, 1c" 29 9, 16 August 1984, T.D. Galloway (EDUM).

Northumberland, 2° 9, Brighton, 20 and 25 July 1956, malaise trap, no collector (CNCI). Bruce,

Dorcas Bay dunes, 29 9, 19-24 August 1997, malaise trap, 12, 5-13 June 1999, malaise trap,

300’, 5-19 June 1999, malaise pans, S.A. Marshall; Bruce Peninsula National Park, Singing Sands

dunes, 45°11°34"N, 81°34’58"W, 10’, 2 September 1997, malaise trap, S.A. Marshall, 70°C’, 8

July 2003, M. Buck; 12, Lake Scugog, 45°7’N, 81°32’W, 1-17 August 2002, malaise trap, S.A.

Marshall; Inverhuron Provincial Park, 490°C" 192 97) (190'o 112 Q in white pans, 100' CS

69 9 in yellow pans), 2 July 2003, 180° 52 2 (70'S 5QQ in white pans, 100’ in yellow pans),

26 July 2003, 12, 22 August 2003, M. Buck. Grey, Hepworth dunes, 44°37’N, 81°9°W, 50° oO

522 (20'S 3QQ in yellow pans, 20’C" 19 in white pans), 5 July 2003, M. Buck. Huron, 10 2

2, Goderich, 22 June 1977, G.J. Umphrey, A.A. Konecny & K.N. Barber. Simcoe, 19,

Springwater, 0.2 km E of Provincial Park, 44°26’11"N, 79°45’ 19" W, around gravel pit, 2 September

50 =

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

2002, M. Buck. Dufferin, 1 2, Primrose, 7 July 1960, D.H. Pengelly. Peel, 19, Forks of the Credit

Provincial Park, 43°49°29"N, 80°0’°14"W, 3 August 2002, white pans, M. Buck; 80°'o' 529,

Forks of the Credit, gravel pit NW of Provincial Park, 43°49’24"N, 80°0’57"W, 5 August 2002, M.

Buck. Wellington, 10, Rockwood, 21 July 2004, on stone wall, M. Buck. Halton, 29 9, Milton,

Woodland Trails Camp, 4" Line Nassagaweya, 43°32’51"N, 79°59°35"W, 18 August 2003, M.

Buck & S.M. Paiero. Norfolk, Manestar Tract, 6 km NNW St. Wiiliams, 42°42’17"N, 80°27°38"'W,

1c 19, 2 July 2000, netted, 12, 8 July 2000, on logs, 10", 8 June 2001, netted, 12, 25 June 2001,

white pans, sandy field, M. Buck, 12, 7 September 2001, white pans, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero.

Middlesex, 12, Komoka Feed Mill Prairie, 11-29 September 2001, yellow pans, S.M. Paiero.

Lambton, Port Franks, Watson Property nr. L-Lake, 1 2, 12-15 July 1996, malaise trap, 12, 19-

26 August 1996, pan trap, 22 9, 26 August-3 September 1996, malaise trap, J. Skevington; 19,

Pinery Provincial Park, 2 September 1994, S.A. Marshall; 19, Pinery Provincial Park, powerline,

18-21 June 1986, pan traps, L. Packer (LPC). Kent, Rondeau Provincial Park, South Point Trail

East, 10° 22. 9, 29 June 2002, 80°C 122 2, 7 September 2002, yellow and white pans, M. Buck,

130°C 122 Q, June-September 2003 (various dates), savannah and dunes, yellow and white pans,

malaise trap and netted, various collectors; 10°, Rondeau Provincial Park, Marsh Trail North,

42°18°N, 81°51’W, 15 August 2003, S.M. Paiero. Essex, Point Pelee, 12, 8 September 1954,

W.R.M. Mason (CNCI), 19, 24 August 1961, G.K. Morris, 192, 20 July 1978, pan trap, K.N.

Barber, 49 Q, 21-22 July 1979, pan trap, J.M. Heraty; Point Pelee National Park, forested area by

W beach, 107, 4-10 August 1999, 12, 10-21 August 1999, 19, 10-23 September 1999, malaise/

pan traps, O. Lonsdale; Point Pelee National Park, Old Maintenance Yard, 41°56’54"N, 82°31°14"W,

1c, 29 July 2003, netted, M. Buck, 60°C" 19, 14-15 August 2003, yellow and white pans, M.

Buck & D. Cheung; 10° 39 Q, Point Pelee National Park, De Laurier House, 29-30 July 2003,

white and yellow pans, M. Buck & D. Cheung; 3 2 Q, Point Pelee National Park, Old Henry

Camp, 41°57°35"N, 82°31°32"W, 14-15 August 2003, white pans, M. Buck & D. Cheung; Windsor,

Ojibway Prairie, 30-31 July 2002, 19, yellow pans, S.M. Paiero & A. Staquet, 19, S.M. Paiero,

22 Q, 19 June and 30 July 2002, on earth between roots of fallen tree, M. Buck.

Alberta: 19, Lethbridge, 28 July 1916, RF W.L. Sladen (CNCID.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario and Alberta. Canada: NT; eastern U.S.: NY to FL,

west to CO, KS and TX (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Nests in loose to well-packed sand. Small spiders of the genus Theridion (Theridiidae)

are used as prey (Krombein 1979).

Prey records. ') and *) One unidentified spider each.

Nitela cerasicola Pate, 1937

Ontario: Halton, Milton, Derry Road & 4" Line, 43°31°31"N, 79°50°25"W, 192, 13 July

2003, 10’, 3 September 2003, on dead trunk, S.M. Paiero.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Eastern U.S.: NY (Krombein 1979). Apparently

there are no other published records for this species besides the type series, which was collected on

Long Island.

Biology. Unknown. The prey of Nearctic Nitela is unknown. Some Palaearctic species prey

on Psocoptera, Psyllidae and Aphididae (Krombein 1979).

Nitela virginiensis Rohwer, 1923

Ontario: Hastings, 10, Trent River Prairie [NE of Stirling], 44°13’N, 77°34’ W, 1-10 August

1994, J.T. Kerr & L. Packer (LPC). Northumberland, 10’, Brighton, 15 June 1955, A.P. Arthur

(CNCI). Bruce, Dorcas Bay dunes, 10’, 19-30 June 1999, 19, 2-25 August 1999, malaise trap,

S.A. Marshall. Wellington, 10’, Guelph, 11 July 1956, D.H. Pengelly. Wentworth, Ancaster, 19,

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

8 August 1969, J.E.H. Martin (CNCI, 60°C’, 28 June-1 July 1994, malaise trap, B. DeJonge

(CNCI); Flamborough, Lawson Farm, 10”, 2-12 July 1996, 10", 29 June-5 July 1997, alvar, malaise

trap, B. DeJonge. Norfolk, 12, Manestar Tract, 42°43’N, 80°27’W, 30 July-4 August 1992, oak

savannah, malaise trap, J.T. Kerr, M. deGiusti & L. Packer (DEBU). Elgin, 1 Q, Aylmer West, 17-

20 July 1972, malaise trap, no collector (CNCI). Lambton, Pinery Provincial Park, 1 2, 1-30 June

1986, malaise trap, L. Packer, 10”, 14-21 June 1986, malaise trap, D.C. Darling & L. Packer (both

ROME); 1, Pinery Provincial Park, powerline, 18-21 June 1986, malaise trap, L. Packer (LPC);

Port Franks, Watson Property nr. L-Lake, 107, 12-15 July 1996, 22.2, 26 August-3 September

1996, malaise trap, J. Skevington; 10" 19, Port Franks, Karner Blue Sanctuary, 19-26 August

1996, malaise trap, J. Skevington. Kent, 10, Rondeau Provincial Park, Tulip Tree Trail, 26 June

1985, K.N. Barber; 49 2, Rondeau Provincial Park, South Point Trail, east parking lot, 42°15’42"N,

81°50’49"W, oak savannah, 16-29 July 2003, malaise trap, S.A. Marshall.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: QC (Finnamore 1982); eastern U.S.: NY,

MI, WI to FL, WV, MS (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Has been reported to nest in twigs of Rhus glabra. See also below previous species.

Pison koreense (Radoszkowski, 1887)

Ontario: Wellington, 10’, Guelph, 21 July 1978, N. Pierce. Halton, 19, Burlington, 18

August 1986, riparian woods, K.N. Barber; 12, Milton, Derry Road & 4" Line, 29 June 1999,

S.M. Paiero; 1 2, Oakville, nr. Hwy 25 & Burnhamthorpe Road, 43°27’ 14"N, 79°47°32"W, 9 August

2002, S.M. Paiero. Essex, 19, Windsor, ca. 1.5 km S Ojibway Prairie, 42°13’34"N, 83°4’27"W,

30 June-17 July 2001, forest-prairie edge, malaise trap, P. Pratt; 12, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 26

August 2002, on earth between roots of fallen tree, S.M. Paiero.

Distribution. Genus and species newly recorded for Canada. U.S.: NY, PA, MI, WI, IL, MD,

VA, KS, TX (Kurczewski and Miller 1991; Antropov 1994). Russian Far East, eastern China,

Korea, Japan (Antropov 1994). This Old World species was introduced to the eastern U.S. after

World War II (Krombein 1979) and is apparently expanding its range (Kurczewski and Miller

1991).

Biology. P. koreense constructs mud cells, often in sheltered situations, and sometimes uses

old nests of the mud dauber Trypoxylon politum (Say). Prey are spiders of the genera Araneus

(Araneidae) and Dictyna (Dictynidae) (Menke 1988).

Trypoxylon (s. str.) attenuatum Smith, 1851

Ontario: Parry Sound, 19, N of Parry Sound, Nobel Township, 3-4 August 2002, yellow

pans, E.L. Westman. Carleton, Ottawa, 29 9, August 1993 and 7 September 2002, J.R. Vockeroth

(CNCD, 10", 25 May 1975, R.E. Roughley. Lanark, 39 9, 7 km SW Carleton Place, 4-11 September

1980, S.J. Miller (CNCI). Leeds and Grenville, 10’, Prescott, 7 September 1978, K.N. Barber;

12, Greenbush, 25 August 1999, flight intercept trap, R. Hainault (CNCI); 230°C" 299 Q, St.

Lawrence Is. National Park, 1975-76 (CNCI), 1c’ 2 2 Q, ditto, Grenadier I. Centre (CNCI), 1,

ditto, McDonald I., 13 September 1976, malaise trap, W. Reid (CNCI). Hastings, 1 0’, Foxboro,

10 June 1963, C.J. Edwards; 29 Q, Trent River Prairie, [NE of Stirling], 44°13’N, 77°34’ W, 23-31

August 1994, oak savannah, malaise trap, J.T. Kerr, M. deGiusti & L. Packer (LPC). Peterborough,

10, Miller Creek Conservation Area, 5 June 1999, W.J. Crins. Bruce, 10, Dunks Bay, 45°14’59"N,

81°38°27"W, 31 July 1997, malaise trap, S.A. Marshall; 10", Bruce Pen. National Park, Singing

Sands, 45°11°34"N, 81°34’58"W, 26-31 May 2000, fen, pan traps, C.S. Onodera; Dorcas Bay,

45°11°N, 81°35’W, 19, 19-24 August 1997, 39 9, 30 June-21 July 2003, dune, malaise trap, S.A.

Marshall; Emmett Lake, 10", 27 May-10 June 2000, 20" 19, 16 August 2000, malaise trap, S.A.

Marshall; 12, 2 km W Tobermory, 1-3 July 1988, roadside fen, pan traps, D. Blades; 19, N of

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Boat Lake, 22 July 1977, lush forest nr. swamp, D. Maddison (ROME); 19, Pike Bay (Bruce

County?), 30 July-7 August 1996. L.L. Wood; 300°C" 249 Q, Inverhuron Provincial Park, 6 June-

10 September 2003 (various dates), dunes, yellow and white pans, malaise trap and netted, M.

Buck & S.A. Marshall. Grey, 12, Meaford, 30 July 1964, B.K.W. Wyatt. Huron, 200’, Goderich.

22 June 1977, A.A. Konecny & W.A. Attwater; 19, Goderich, Maitland River at Hwy 21, 20 July

1977, field, D. Maddison (ROME). Simcoe, 29 9, Beeton, 5 October 1979, D.N. Couture; 19,

Barrie, April 1983, ex Rhus twig (emerged 4-6 June 1983), E.R. Fuller (ROME). Simcoe or York,

10°, Schomberg, 14 September 1975, J.T. Huber. Dufferin, 10" 12, Mono Cliffs Provincial Park,

44°3’N, 80°4’W, 31 August 2002, yellow pans, M. Buck. Peel, 2 9, Forks of the Credit Provincial

Park, 43°49’29"N, 80°0’14"W, 3 August 2002, white pans, M. Buck; 19, Forks of the Credit,

gravel pit NW of Provincial Park, 43°49’24"N, 80°0’57"W, 5 August 2002, white pans, M. Buck.

Wellington, 159 2, Wylde Lake bog 8 km E Arthur, 20 August-23 October 1987, pan traps, S.A.

Marshall; 10°, Rockwood, 21 September 1963, D.B. Stoltz; 12, Belwood, 21 June 1973, D.H.

Pengelly; Guelph, 12, 11 September 1960, B.S. Heming, 1 2, 3 June 1974, R.E. Roughley, 10", 16

August 1976, P.R. Heels, 19, 23 August 1977, K.N. Barber, 10, 24-28 August 1981, 19, 7-12

September 1981, malaise trap, D. Yu, 192, 15 June 1983, G. Abayo, 10", October 1994, C. Brewer,

12, 7-10 September 2001, pan traps, J. Knopp; 10", Crieff, 2 km SE on 7th Conc., 43°24’57"N,

80°7° 18" W, 30 August 2002, S.A. Marshall. Waterloo, 59 9, Elmira, 5-28 October 1977, L. LeSage

(CNCD; 19, Cambridge, 15 June 1975, W.J. Moolenbeek; 1 9, Cambridge, Cambridge Research

Station, 9-12 June 1992, malaise trap, J. Skevington; 20'C' 99 Q, Oliver Bog 3 km S Galt, 13

May-11 October 1987, pan traps, D. Blades. Halton, 2C’C’, Oakville, 22 May and 13 June 1976,

W.A. Attwater. Wentworth, | 9, Ancaster, 43°13’N, 79°59’ W, 28 May-4 June 1994, prairie, malaise

trap, B. DeJonge; 10’, Ancaster vicinity, 43°15’N, 80°0’W, 27 May-2 June 1995, bush/prairie,

malaise trap, B. DeJonge; Ancaster, Newton Woods, 10’, 10-17 June 1996, 10”, 17-24 June 1996,

forest, malaise trap, B. DeJonge. Welland, 29 9, Wainfleet Bog, 8 km S Welland, 14 September-

5 October 1987, pan traps, A. Stirling; 19, Fonthill, 11 August 1984, malaise trap, M.A. Luciani.

Lincoln, 10’, Vineland, 24 June 1978, D. Yu. Brant, Brantford Railway Prairie, 43°10’N, 80°19’ W,

10’, 6 June 2002, yellow pans, 10%, 12 July 2002, 19, 24 July 2002, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero.

Norfolk, 12, Long Point - RARO, 20-23 June 1996, malaise trap, P.J. Carson (LPC). Lambton,

39 Q, Port Franks, Watson property nr. L-Lake, 10 June-14 August 1996, malaise trap, J. Skevington;

10’, Walpole I., 42°29.9’N, 82°29.3’W, 1-16 August 2001, marsh, malaise trap, Guidotti et al.

(ROME); Walpole I., Potawatomi Prairie, 42°33’N, 82°29’W, 10%, 11-19 July 2001, 19, 19-25

July 2001, 10’, 1-16 August 2001, malaise trap, Guidotti et al. (ROME). Kent, Rondeau Provincial

Park, South Point Trail East, 39 9, 29 June 2002, netted, 22 2, 7 September 2002, yellow pans,

M. Buck, 20’c" 19, 29 May 2003, yellow pans, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero, 10° 22 9, 16-29 July

2003, malaise trap, oak savannah, S.A. Marshall; 20'C" 19, Wheatley Provincial Park, 9 June

2002, S.M. Paiero. Essex, 19, Point Pelee National Park, wooded area by W beach, 20-26 July

1999, malaise/pans, O. Lonsdale; 19, Point Pelee National Park, Visitor Centre, 29 May-9 June

2000, malaise /pans, O. Lonsdale; 19, Union-on-the-Lake, Erie beach, 18 August 1983, T.D. &

C.A. Galloway (EDUM); Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 19, 28-30 August 2001, 19, 4-7 September

2001, 12, 7-11 September 2001, 20’'C"", 30 May 2002, yellow pans, S.M. Paiero, 10°, 19 June

2002, M. Buck; 22 9, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie nr. Sprucewood Avenue, 26-27 August 2002,

white and yellow pans, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero.

Quebec: 20°C" 39.9, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, various dates, July, September, 1967, 1976,

1978, various collectors (LEMQ); 7 0’ 12 29, Mont St. Hilaire, various dates, July-August

1977, A.T. Finnamore (LEMQ).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada (ON, QC). A Palaearctic species that was only

recently discovered in the Nearctic (U.S.): VT (Antropov 2003). Nearctic specimens were previously

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

confused with the similar T. pennsylvanicum. The female collected in Guelph in 1960 represents

the oldest known specimen from the Nearctic region.

Biology. Nests in hollow plant stems, usually Phragmites. Prey are spiders of various genera

(Lomholdt 1975-76).

Trypoxylon (s. str.) bidentatum Fox, 1891

Ontario: Prince Edward, 10’, Smith Bay nr. Picton, 1 July 1970, J.F. McAlpine (CNCI,

Antropov in litt.).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Western U.S.: WA, ID south to CA, AZ (Krombein

1979). According to Antropov (in litt.) also in BC (specimens in CNCI). Possibly adventitious in

the east (see Discussion).

Biology. Nests in borings of Sambucus and was also reported from trap stems (Krombein

1979). Prey unknown, probably spiders.

Trypoxylon (s. str.) carinatum Say, 1837

Ontario: Hastings, 12, Trent River Prairie [NE of Stirling], 44°13’N, 77°34’ W, 19 July-2

August 1994, J.T. Kerr & L. Packer (LPC). Halton or Peel, Terra Cotta, 10" (head missing),

reared from trap nest #50, 10’ 4 specimens (heavily damaged), reared from trap nest #54289,

2001, T. Romankova. Wentworth, Dundas, 19, 7-11 August 1972, D.M. Wood (CNCI, not

examined; information provided by A. Antropov, in litt.), 20°C’, 8 July 1980, E.A. Menard; 10’,

nr. Carluke, 10 June-12 July 1996, logs, tepee trap, B. DeJonge; 19, Ancaster, Newton Woods, 12-

20 July 1996, forest, malaise trap, B. DeJonge. Lincoln, 1 2, Vineland, 13 July 1979, D. Yu. Norfolk,

Manestar Tract, 42°43’N, 80°27’°W, 1 9, 10-18 July 1992, 299, 18-30 July 1992, 10’ 19, 30

July-4 August 1992, malaise trap, oak savannah, P.J. Carson, J.T. Kerr, M. deGiusti & L. Packer

(all LPC). Lambton, 10’, Port Franks, Karner Blue Sanctuary, 27 June-2 July 1996, malaise trap,

J. Skevington; 19, same data except 22-25 July 1996; Port Franks, Watson Property nr. L-Lake,

10°, 8-12 July 1996, 19, 15-18 July 1996, malaise trap, J. Skevington. Kent, 1 9, Rondeau Provincial

Park, 1-6 July 1973, malaise trap, no collector (CNCI). Essex, 19, Harrow, 11 July 1976, C.D.

Neilsen. Not located: 10’, "Byron, 23/7/[?]36". The name (if it does not indicate the collector)

could refer to a Byron nr. London (Middlesex County) but it is not clear whether the specimen is

from Ontario.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. U.S.: east of 100" meridian, north to MA (Krombein

1979).

Biology. Nests in wood borings. Reported prey is the spider Theridion lyricum Walckenaer

(Theridiidae) (Krombein 1979).

Trypoxylon (s. str.) clarkei Krombein, 1962

Ontario: Halton, 19, Halton Hills, 24 July 1981, G. Aiudi; Oakville, nr. Hwy 25 &

Burnhamthorpe Road, 43°27’14"N, 79°47°32"W, 19, 9 August 2002, 22 9, 16 August 2002, on

earth between roots of fallen tree, S.M. Paiero. Wentworth, 10’, Dundas, 4 July 1980, E.A. Menard;

1Q, Hamilton, 9-13 July 1981, M. Sanborne (CNCI); 10’, nr. Carluke, 10 June-12 July 1996, logs,

tepee trap, B. DeJonge; Ancaster, Newton Woods, 10", 2-12 July 1996, 19, 27 July-4 August

1996, 19, 4-10 August 1996, forest, malaise trap, B. DeJonge.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Eastern U.S.: MA, NY, IL to MO, FL, TX (Krombein

1979).

Biology. Reared from trap nests. Recorded prey is the spider Mangora gibberosa Hentz.

(Araneidae) (Krombein 1979).

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Trypoxylon kolazyi Kohl 1893

Ontario: Wellington, Guelph, 300’, 5 July 1965, 39. 9, 12 and 19 July 1965, C.J. Edwards.

Waterloo, 60°C" 119 9, Roseville, 5 May 1954, E.F. Cook; 19, Elmira, Salem Creek, 13 September

1977, L. LeSage (CNCI). Wentworth, 200’, Winona, 10 July 1952, A.R. Gittins. Middlesex,

10°, London, June 1957, N.R. Couling (CNCI, Antropov in litt.).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Introduced to eastern U.S. from Palaearctic Region:

NY to GA, WV, IL, MO (Krombein 1979). Previous records from Ontario (Romel & Dykstra

1991b, Sugar et al. 1998, Skevington et al. 2001) are very likely based on misidentifications (see

below).

Biology. Nests in abandoned anobiid borings in wood. Prey are adult and subadult Linyphiidae

and Micryphantidae spiders (Krombein 1979).

Note. Most of the previous Ontario records of this species (Romel & Dykstra 1991b, Sugar et

al. 1998) were under the synonym T. backi Sandhouse, 1940. At the time when this species was

described the very similar T. clavicerum Lepeletier & Serville, another introduced Palaearctic species,

was not yet recorded from the Nearctic Region. In the most recent key to Nearctic Trypoxylon (s.

str.) (Sandhouse 1940) T. clavicerum keys to T. backi, leading to confusion between the two species.

Even though T. clavicerum had been present in eastern North America from at least the late 1940s

the species was not recorded before 1984 (Coville 1984). Coville’s small note is the only Nearctic

reference to distinguish between the two species. T. clavicerum is fairly common and widespread

in southern Ontario whereas T. kolazyi is very rare and has not been collected in more recent times.

Considering these facts previous Ontario records of 7. kolazyi under the synonym T. backi (i.e.,

Romel & Dykstra 1991b, Sugar et al. 1998) are very doubtful. Some of the material on which

Skevington et al. (2001) based their species list was re-examined and did not contain any T. kolazyi

but did include several T. clavicerum, which was not mentioned in their list.

Trypoxylon (s. str.) sculleni Sandhouse, 1940

Ontario: Leeds and Grenville, | 0’, St. Lawrence Is. National Park, 1975/16 (CNCI, Antropov

in litt.).

Distribution. Newly recorded for eastern Canada. Canada: AB (Finnamore 1994), BC; western

U.S.: MT to AZ, CA (Krombein 1979). Possibly adventitious in the east (see Discussion).

Biology. Nests in cavities in twigs and stems. Prey are spiders (Krombein 1979).

Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) tridentatum tridentatum Packard, 1867

Ontario: Welland, 10’, Fonthill, 9 August 1989, M.D. Forward. Essex, 10’, Harrow, 7 August

1973, R.E. Roughley.

Distribution. Newly recorded for eastern Canada. Canada: BC; transcontinental in U.S.: CT

to northern FL (incl. NY, PA, OH, MI), west to WA and CA; Mexico south to Isthmus of Tehuantepec

(Coville 1982).

Biology. Nests in stems, od borings and old mud dauber nests (Krombein 1979). Prey are

spiders of various families, preferably snare-building species (Coville 1982).

Oxybelus cressonii Robertson, 1889

Ontario: Kent, 1 2, Rondeau Provincial Park, group campground, 21 July 2004, D. Cheung.

Lambton, 19, Port Franks, Watson Property nr. L-Lake, 14-15 August 1996, malaise trap, J.

Skevington. Essex, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 30°C", 30-31 July 2002, S.M. Paiero, 80'o' 222,

_ 26-27 August 2002, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero, 100°C" 39. Q, 12-13 September 2002, M. Buck;

" Windsor, Springarden Road ANSI, 430°C" 209 9%), 31 July 2002, M. Buck, 20°" 5QQ, 27

August 2002, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Central and eastern U.S.: UT and TX east to VA,

north to MI (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Nests in sand. Prey are Diptera of several unrelated families (Chloropidae,

Stratiomyidae, Chironomidae) (Krombein 1979).

Prey record. *) One male Thaumatomyia sp. (Chloropidae).

Oxybelus decorosus (Mickel, 1916)

Ontario: Sudbury, 20’ CO’, Nairn Centre, Old Nairn Road nr. Hwy 17, 46°19°35"N, 81°37’6"W,

6 July 2002, M. Buck. Lambton, 10’, Forest, 17 June 1974, J.D. Villa. Essex, Windsor, Ojibway

Prairie, 20'0", 26-27 August 2002, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero, 50'o" 49.9, 12-13 September 2002,

M. Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. U.S. east of 100" meridian: VT and MN south to

FL (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Unknown. As for other members of the genus, probably ground-nesting and preying

on adult Diptera.

Oxybelus inornatus (Robertson, 1901)

Ontario: Peel, 10’, Forks of the Credit, 22 June 1965, G. Knerer (ROME).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Northeastern U.S.: MI to MA, south to NC

(Krombein 1979).

Biology. Pholeomyia indecora (Loew) (Milichiidae) has been recorded as prey (Krombein

1979).

Oxybelus laetus laetus Say, 1837

Ontario: Lambton, Port Franks, Watson Property nr. L-Lake, 10, 2-4 July 1996, 10’ 19,

12-15 July 1996, 19, 15-18 July 1996, 19, 18-22 July 1996, malaise trap, J. Skevington; 10’,

Pinery Provincial Park, Cedar Trail, 16-20 July 1994, oak savannah, malaise trap, J. Skevington.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. U.S. east of 100" meridian: MI and MA south to

TX and NC (Krombein 1979). Finnamore (1982) erroneously recorded this species from Quebec

based on a misidentified female of O. subulatus (specimen in LEMQ, examined).

Biology. Unknown. As for other members of the genus, probably ground-nesting and preying

on adult Diptera.

Oxybelus sericeus Robertson, 1889

Ontario: Rainy River, 29 2, Windy Point, 4 August 1960, S.M. Clark (CNCI).

Quebec: 12, New Richmond, 6 August 1954, J.E.H. Martin (CNCI).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada (ON, QC). U.S.: MA to FL, west to SD, UT, OR

and CA; Mexico: Baja California, Nayarit (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Nests in moist sand. Prey are flies of the genera Ephydra (Ephydridae) and Chaetopsis

(Otitidae) (Krombein 1979).

Oxybelus subcornutus Cockerell, 1895

Ontario: Northumberland, 12, Murray Township, Murray Sand Hills, 28 July 1996, FE.

Kurczewski (FEK). Wellington, Guelph, 10’, 27 June 1960, 107, 7 July 1976, D.H. Pengelly.

Norfolk, 30'C’, Manestar Tract, 6 km NNW St. Williams, 42°42’17"N, 80°27°38"W, 3 August

2001, sandy field, M. Buck; 10’, St. Williams Nursery Tract, 42°41°39"N, 80°29’7"E, 6 August

2001, A. Timpf & M. Gartshore. Essex, 10", Point Pelee, 30 July 1978, W.A. Attwater; 10%,

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

2 August 1981, G. Aiudi; Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 20°C", 30-31 July 2002, M. Buck & S.M.

Paiero, 10, 27 August 2002, 29 2, 12-13 September 2002, M. Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Eastern U.S.: East Coast to AZ, north to NY, MI:

Mexico: Chihuahua (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Nests in sand. Prey are adult Syrphidae, apparently mostly males (Krombein 1979).

Entomognathus (Toncahua) lenapeorum Viereck, 1904

Ontario: Essex, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 42°15’51"N, 83°4°30"W, 10’, 30 August 2001,

S.M. Paiero, 1 2, 26 August 2002, M. Buck.

Distribution. Genus and species newly recorded for Canada. Eastern U.S.: PA (Kurczewski

and Miller 1991), NJ to VA, KS (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Unknown. Prey are probably adult Chrysomelidae as for other species of the genus

(Krombein 1979).

Entomognathus (Toncahua) memorialis Banks, 1921

Ontario: Brant, Brantford Railway Prairie, 43°10’N, 80°19’W, 499, 12 July 2002, S.M.

Paiero, 90'O' 792 Q*), 24 July 2002, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero. Lambton, 1 9, Port Franks, Watson

Property nr. L-Lake, 31 July-6 August 1996, malaise trap, J. Skevington. Kent, 10’, Bothwell, 11

July 1962, S.M. Clark (CNCI); 12, Wheatley, 15 August 1982, T.D. Galloway (EDUM). Essex,

1Q*), Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 30-31 July 2002, S.M. Paiero.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Eastern U.S.: CT to VA, KS (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Nests in sandy-loam cliffs, sometimes in pre-existing burrows. Prey are adults of the

genus Altica (Chrysomelidae) (Krombein 1979).

Prey records. *) One adult Altica sp. each.

Rhopalum (Corynopus) occidentale (Fox, 1895)

Ontario: Algoma, 192, Wawa, 7 August 1992, D.G. Bennett. Hastings, 19, Belleville, 4

June 1932, W.E. Steenburgh (CNCI). Bruce, 10’, Fathom Five National Park, Flowerpot I., 12

July 1996, S.A. Marshall; 19, Cyprus Lake, 30 June 1954, D.H. Pengelly; 1c" 19, Dorcas Bay, 5-

13 June 1999, dunes, malaise trap, S.A. Marshall. Wentworth, Dundas, 10’, 28 May 1980, he

June 1980, E.A. Menard. Norfolk, 1 2, Manestar Tract, 42°43’N, 80°27’W, 11-15 June 1992, oak

savannah, malaise trap, P.J. Carson (LPC).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: QC (Finnamore 1982), BC; northern and

western U.S.: ME, CT, NY, NC, MI, CO, WY, NV, CA, OR (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Probably ground-nesting (Bohart 1974). Prey unknown.

Rhopalum (Corynopus) pedicellatum Packard, 1867

Ontario: Algoma, 10° 19, Icewater Creek watershed, 13.5 km NNE Searchmont, Whitman

Dam Road mi 11.5, 20 June 1986, sandy access road, K.N. Barber. Carleton, Ottawa, | 2 (pinned

with raspberry stem), 24 August 1954, ex raspberry stem, O. Peck, 19, 15 July 1957, J.E.H. Martin

(both CNCI); 19, locality not stated [= Ottawa area], W.H. Harrington collection (CNCI); 1 oO,

Stittsville, 23 June 1963, W.R.M. Mason (CNCI). Hastings, 1 9, Trent River Prairie [NE of Stirling],

44°13’N, 77°34’W, 23-31 August 1994, oak savannah, malaise trap, J.T. Kerr, M. deGiusti & L.

Packer (LPC). Lambton, 19, Pinery Provincial Park, 1-30 June 1986, malaise trap, L. Packer

(ROME); 19, Port Franks, Karner Blue Sanctuary, 6-12 August 1994, J.T. Kerr & L. Packer (LPC).

Kent, 10, Rondeau Provincial Park, 15 June-14 July 1979, malaise trap, L. Masner (CNCI).

Quebec: 1 9, “Ste Anne de la Porcatiére" [= Ste-Anne-de-la-Pocatiére], 7 August 1914, F.W.L.

Sladen (CNCI); 19, St. Anne’s, 11 June 1933 (CNCI).

Ss?

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada (ON, QC). U.S.: ME, MA, CT, NY, MD, WI, MN,

CO (Krombein 1979). Harrington (1902) erroneously recorded the species from Ontario (see section

on misidentifications [p. 76]).

Biology. Nests in pre-existing cavities in dead wood and twigs. Prey are Chironomus spp.

(Chironomidae) (Krombein 1979).

Rhopalum rufigaster Packard, 1867

Ontario: Carleton, 19, Stittsville, 23 June 1963, W.R.M. Mason (CNCI). Lanark, 19,

Innisville, 22 August 1963, W.R.M. Mason (CNCID); 10° 29 Q, Lanark, 2 August 1976, M.J. Sharkey;

29 Q, Fallbrook, 14 August 1974, J.T. Huber; 19, 7.5 km W Carleton Place, 14 October 2000,

woods, yellow pans, L. Masner (CNCI). Leeds and Grenville, 12, Kemptville, 30 August 1983,

maple forest, malaise trap, W.R.M. Mason (CNCI); 19, Lyn, 10 August 1926, FP. Ide (CNCI);

29 Q, St. Lawrence Is. National Park, Grenadier I. Centre, 18 July and 1 August 1975, E. Sigler

(CNCI); 1 2, same except McDonald I., 20 August 1976, Reid (CNCI). Hastings, 19, Marmora,

14 June 1952, J.R. Vockeroth (CNCI); 19, Belleville, 16 July 1949, J.C. Martin (CNCI). Bruce,

19, Bruce Peninsula National Park, Emmett Lake, 16 August 2000, lake edge, malaise trap, S.A.

Marshall. Huron, 10", Goderich, 22 June 1977, K.N. Barber. York, 1 2, Toronto, August 1937, no

collector (USNM). Lincoln, 20’, Vineland, 15 June 1943, "Agrilus communis rubicola cage",

H.R. Boyce (CNCI). Lambton, Pinery Provincial Park, 192, 7-10 June 1986, 19, 11-14 June

1986, 19, 18-21 June 1986, malaise trap, L. Packer (LPC). Kent, 19, "Guild" [= Guilds], 14 July

1962, S.M. Clark (CNCD; 20'o" 59 9, Rondeau Provincial Park, 22 June, 5, 10, 14, 17 and 18

July 1962, S.M. Clark (CNCI); Rondeau Provincial Park, South Point Trail East, oak savannah,

192, 7 September 2002, M. Buck, 10", 29 May 2003, yellow pans, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero, 10"

12, 16-29 July 2003, malaise trap, S.A. Marshall. Essex, Point Pelee, 20°C" 29 9, 8-9 September

1954, G.S. Walley & W.R.M. Mason (CNCI); 90°C" 149 Q, 30 June 1978, 17-20 and 28-31 July

1978, W.A. Attwater, D. Morris, K.N. Barber & J. Cappleman, 20" 39 Q, June-July, 1979-1981,

various collectors, 10°, 18 June 1986, no collector, 12, 14-20 July 1999, malaise/pan trap, A.

Tesolin; Point Pelee National Park, Visitor Centre, 192, 29 May-9 June 2000, 19, 23 June-4 July

2000, 10”, 22-30 July 2000, malaise/pan trap, O. Lonsdale; Kingsville, 10°, 9 June 1973, R.E.

Roughley, 19, 8 July 1977, K.N. Barber; 30’, Pelee I., Stone Road Alvar FON Reserve,

41°45’20"N, 82°37°54"W, 9 June 2002, M. Buck; 70°C" 18 9 Q, Pelee I., Porchuk property, 9

June-27 September 2002 (various dates), malaise trap, B. Porchuk & S.A. Marshall; 5 O’O’, Middle

I., 41°41°N, 82°41’W, 11 June 2003, yellow pans, S.A. Marshall; 50'o’ 799, East Sister I.

Provincial Nature Reserve, 41°49’N, 82°51’W, 30 July 2003, yellow pans (excl. 10’ 19), S.A.

Marshall; Harrow, 19, 2 August 1973, R.E. Roughley, 192, 22 August 1974, J.T. Huber; 10’,

Windsor, 8 June 1976, J.F. Fortin.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: QC (Finnamore 1983); U.S. east of 100"

meridian (Krombein 1979). Harrington (1902) erroneously recorded the species from Ontario (see

section on misidentifications [p. 76]).

Biology. Nests in stems and old beetle borings in wood. Prey are mainly adult Chironomidae,

rarely Limoniinae (Tipulidae) and Ceratopogonidae (Krombein 1979).

Crossocerus (Ablepharipus) unicus (Patton, 1879)

Ontario: Parry Sound, | 2, Kearney, M.C. VanDuzee (CASC). Brant, 19, Ohsweken, 19

June 1979, D. Morris.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: QC (Finnamore 1982), MB; U.S.: CT,

NY, PA, MI, MN, IN, MT (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Unknown.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Crabro cognatus Fox, 1895

Ontario: Wellington, Guelph, 10° 19, 4 August 1978, K.N. Barber, 10, 25 August 1978,

R.O. Kreuzer, 10°, 15 August 1970, K.A. Stewart; Elora, 12, 10 September 1996, soy field, A.

Shekhiman, 19, 3 September 2001, mown meadow, H.R. Mattila. Waterloo, 12, Cambridge, 9

August 1981, C. Bolter.

Distribution. Newly recorded for eastern Canada. Canada: AB to MB; U.S.: NH to ID, GA to

TX and UT (Miller 1976; Krombein 1979).

Biology. Unknown. Like other species in the genus probably ground-nesting and preying on

adult Diptera.

Crabro nigriceps Bohart, 1976

Ontario: Nipissing (probably), 10°, Algonquin [Provincial Park], 10 July 1961, R.J. Pilfrey.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Known only from holotype and one paratype:

Canada, MB (The Pas) and U.S., ME (Aziscoos Lake) (Bohart 1976).

Biology. Unknown. See below previous species.

Crabro snowii Fox, 1896

Ontario: Parry Sound 10’, Powassan, 11 July 1978, S.M. Ball. Essex, Windsor, Ojibway

Prairie, 42°15°46"N, 83°4°1”W, 19, 24-27 July 2001, unburnt forest, 19, 25 July 2003, S.M.

Paiero.

Distribution. Newly recorded for eastern Canada. Western Canada: MB, SK; U.S.: NY to

FL, MN to KS (Miller 1976; Krombein 1979).

Biology. Unknown. See below C. cognatus.

Crabro vernalis (Packard, 1867)

Ontario: Kenora, 20’ CO’, Ignace, 20 May 1978, J.A. Carson.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: NF, QC, MB, AB, BC, NT, YT; U.S.: AK,

WY, CO, MN, IL, NJ (Bohart 1976). Krombein (1979) listed this species as “transcontinental in

North America in Transitional Zone including Alaska” but there appears to be no previous record

from Ontario.

Biology. Unknown. See below C. cognatus.

Ectemnius decemmaculatus decemmaculatus (Say, 1823)

Ontario: Kent, Rondeau Provincial Park, South Point Trail East, 100’'o" 292 9, 7 September

2002, 40°" 59 9, 5-6 September 2003, M. Buck; 10’, Rondeau Provincial Park, South Point,

420°15’N, 810°52’W, 7 September 2003, M. Buck; 40 ' 49 Q, Rondeau Provincial Park,

Lakeshore Road, Beach Access #11, 42°16’1"N, 81°50’39"W, 10 August 2003, dunes, M. Buck;

12, Rondeau Provincial Park, 16 July 2003, O. Lonsdale. Essex, 200’, Point Pelee, 16 June and

23 August 1920, N.K. Bigelow (ROME); 10’, Point Pelee National Park, De Laurier Trail, 11

August 1999, O. Lonsdale.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. U.S. east of Rocky Mts., Mexico (Bohart and

Menke 1976). Harrington (1902) erroneously recorded the species from Ontario (see section on

misidentifications [p. 76]).

Biology. Unknown. Probably nesting in dead wood or plant stems and preying on adult Diptera

like most members of the genus.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Ectemnius dilectus (Cresson, 1865)

Ontario: Algoma, 10’, Sault Ste. Marie, 13 July 1963, D.B. Stoltz. Essex, Windsor, Ojibway

Prairie, 20°C", 7 August 2001, S.M. Paiero, 10", 18 June 2002, M. Buck, 200’, 20 July 2002, S.A.

Marshall, 40°C" 39. Q, 26-27 August 2002, 100°C" 19, 12-13 September 2002, M. Buck & S.M.

Paiero, 10°, 26-27 August 2002, sandy savannah, yellow pans, M. Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for eastern Canada. Canada: AB (Strickland 1947); Transitional

and Upper Austral Zones of most of the U.S. except west of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade Ranges

(Krombein 1979).

Biology. Unknown. Probably ground-nesting (Krombein 1979).

Ectemnius scaber scaber (Lepeletier & Brullé, 1834)

Ontario: Wellington, 1 2, Guelph, 1 July 1974, J.T. Huber. Essex, 10’, Harrow, 6 September

1959, D.H. Pengelly; Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 30’ CO’, 18-19 June 2002, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero,

10° 52 Q, 30 July 2002, 10°, 27 August 2002, M. Buck; 19, Windsor, Springarden Road ANSI,

31 July 2002, S.M. Paiero.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Eastern U.S.: PA, NJ to FL, LA, TX, and OK

(Krombein 1979).

Biology. Nests in pine (Krombein 1979). Prey unknown, probably Diptera.

Subfamily Bembicinae

Mellinus abdominalis Cresson, 1882

Ontario: Manitoulin, Manitoulin I., Carter Bay, dunes, 45°36’23"N, 82°8’27"'W, 19, 1 August

2003, S.M. Paiero, 10", 1-8 August 2003, malaise trap, M. Buck & S.A. Marshall, 19, 6-8 August

2003, yellow pans, 10", 8 August 2003, 192*), 28 August 2003, S.A. Marshall.

Saskatchewan: | 9, Tunstal [= Tunstall], 27 August 1957, A.R. & J.E. Brooks (CNCI); 110°C"

39 Q, Pike Lake, 10 August 1939, A.R. Brooks (CNCI); 19, File Lake, 9-11 July 1973, malaise

trap, lakeshore, L. Masner (CNCI); 10’, Great Sand Hills, 50°42’N, 109°17’W, 16-19 June 1988,

M. Polak (CNCI).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario and Saskatchewan. Canada: AB (Strickland 1947);

western U.S.: ID (Johnson 1985), MT, WY, NE, CO (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Probably ground-nesting like other species of the genus (Krombein 1979). Strickland

(1947) records an Anthomyiidae fly as prey.

Prey record. *) S.A. Marshall (pers. comm.) observed a female chewing on a muscoid fly

(documented by photograph). Adult feeding on prey is uncommon in Crabronidae and has never

been observed before in Mellinus.

Didineis dilata Malloch and Rohwer, 1930

Ontario: Wellington, 10’, Guelph, 19 July 1977, D. Levin.

Saskatchewan: 10, Willow Bunch 28 July 1955, C.D. Miller (CNCI); 1 oO’, Saskatoon, 4

August 1960, A.R. Brooks (CNCI).

Alberta: 10%, Lethbridge, 7 July 1956, O. Peck (CNCI).

Distribution. Genus and species newly recorded for Canada (ON, SK, AB). U.S.: WI, NE

(Krombein 1979).

Biology. Unknown. Probably ground-nesting and preying on Homoptera as other species of

the genus (Ferton 1912).

Note. The female of this species is unknown. It might be confused with one of the following

species.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Didineis latimana Malloch and Rohwer, 1930

Ontario: Thunder Bay, 19, "Port Arthur" [= Thunder Bay], 26 August 1969, K.J.G. Deacon.

Carleton, 12, Carp, 29 August 1975, D.J. Aspinall. Leeds and Grenville, 192, Greenbush, 22

August 1998, pasture, flight intercept trap, R. Hainault (CNCI); 19, St. Lawrence Is. National

Park, McDonald I., 20 August 1976, Reid (CNCD; 19, same except Thwartway I. [= Leek I.], 11

August 1976 (CNCI). Hastings, 10’, Marmora, 11 August 1952, swept from top of large basswood,

J.F. McAlpine (CNCD; 10’, Belleville, 26 July 1933, H.R. Boyce (CNCI). Northumberland,

200 529, Murray Hills, 44°7’0"N, 77°40’0"W, 1 September 2002, yellow and white pans,

S.M. Paiero. Wentworth, 10’, Ancaster, 8 August 1969, J.E.H. Martin (CNCI). Lincoln, 10’,

Vineland, 6 July 1944, H.R. Boyce (CNCI); 10°, same except 21 August 1972, emergence cage,

E.A.C. Hagley (CNCI). Essex, 20°C’, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, nr. Sprucewood Avenue, 26-27

August 2002, yellow and white pans, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero.

Quebec: 19, Aylmer, 10 September 1893, "W.H.H." [= W.H. Harrington] (CNCI); 29 9,

Mont St. Hilaire, 26 July-2 August 1977, A.T. Finnamore (LEMQ).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada (ON, QC). Eastern United States: NH to VA, IL,

IA, MO (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Unknown (see below previous species).

Didineis texana (Cresson, 1872)

Ontario: Haldimand, 10’, Dunnville, 16 August 1983, M. Bottos. Norfolk, 19, Manestar

Tract, 6 km NNW St. Williams, 42°42°17"N, 80°27°38"W, 7 September 2001, sandy field, yellow

pans, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero. Essex, 20’ 0’, Harrow, 22 August 1974, J.T. Huber; Windsor, Ojibway

Prairie, 19, 30-31 July 2002, yellow pans, S.M. Paiero & A. Staquet, 10", 12 September 2002, M.

Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Eastern U.S.: PA, NJ to FL, west to KS, MO,

eastern AZ; northern Mexico (Krombein 1979). Harrington (1902) and Finnamore (1982)

erroneously recorded this species from Quebec based on misidentified material of D. latimana

(examined, see below that species).

Biology. Probably ground-nesting. Cixius stigmatus Say (Cixiidae) has been recorded as prey

(Krombein 1979).

Nysson daeckei Viereck, 1904

Ontario: Cochrane 1C 19, Iroquois Falls, 22 June 1987, J.R. Vockeroth (CNCI). Thunder

Bay, 10’, Neys Provincial Park, 1.6 km SW of gate house, 48°46’°39"N, 86°36732"W, 8-19 July

2002, Vaccinium/lichen, yellow pans, M. Buck; 10° 89 Q, 28 km E Nipigon, 48°58’0"N,

87°58’47"W, 8 July 2002, sandy area, M. Buck; 169 9, Sleeping Giant Provincial Park, 2.5 km S

Visitor Centre, 9 July 2002, old sand pit, M. Buck; 39 9, Sleeping Giant Provincial Park, Tee

Harbour, 48°19°32"N, 88°52’48"W, 12 July 2002, beach, M. Buck; 49 9, Thunder Bay, 13 km

ENE Jct. Hwy 17 & 527, 48°31°37"N, 88°58’41"W, 10 July 2002, M. Buck; 19, Thunder Bay, 16

km ENE Jct. Hwy 17 & 527, 48°32’7"N, 88°56’23"W, 10 July 2002, M. Buck; 59 Q, Terrace Bay,

15 July 2002, beach, M. Buck; 60" 19,, Pukaskwa National Park, Beach Trail, 29-30 July 2003,

dunes, yellow pans, S.M. Paiero. Rainy River, 10’, 13 mi E Atikokan on Hwy 623, 4-5 July 1978,

H.J. Teskey (CNCI). Sudbury, 392 9, 1 km W Webbwood, 20 July 2002, old sand pit, M. Buck.

Algoma, 19, White River, 8 July 1977, D.H. Pengelly; Sault Ste. Marie, 12, 13 July 1963, D.B.

Stoltz, 12, 3 July 1976, C.D. Neilsen. Parry Sound, 10’, Powassan, 14 July 19??, G. Sevean; 0’,

Killbear Provincial Park, 29 June 1979, W.A. Attwater. Manitoulin, Manitoulin I., Carter Bay,

45°36’23"N, 82°8’27"W, 70°C" 59 Q, 23-24 June 2003, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero, 12, 10-19 July

2003, yellow pans, M. Buck, 19, 13 July 2003, M. Buck; Manitoulin I., Providence Bay,

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

45°39’41"N, 82°15’40"W, 19, 25 June 2003, S.M. Paiero, 10" 19, 26 June 2003, 19, 18 July

2003, dunes, M. Buck; Manitoulin I., Sand Bay, 45°48’6"N, 82°47°36"W, 39 °, 25 June 2003, M.

Buck & S.M. Paiero, 39 9, 17 July 2003, M. Buck; 39 9, Manitoulin I., Shrigley Bay, 45°43°33"N,

82°29'5"W, 9 July 2003, M. Buck; 1c’ 399, Manitoulin I., Misery Bay Provincial Park,

45°47°37"N, 82°44’ 11"W, 12 July 2003, beach, M. Buck; 39 9, Manitoulin I., Union Road nr.

Portage Lk., 45°46’5"N, 82°32’13"W, sandy field, 14 July 2003, M. Buck; 1¢" 29 9, Manitoulin

I., Dominion Bay, 45°42’ 19"N, 82°24°30"W, dunes, 16 July 2003, M. Buck; 49 9, Manitoulin L.,

Square Bay, 45°42’0"N, 82°23’0"W, 19 July 2003, M. Buck; 19, Manitoulin I., Portage Bay,

45°45’0"N, 82°32’0"W, 21 July 2003, M. Buck. Carleton, 29 9, Ottawa, 15 and 22 June 1975,

R.E. Roughley. Bruce, Dorcas Bay, 110°C’ 72 9, 5-13 June 1999, dunes, malaise trap, S.A.

Marshall, 12, 6 July 2000, S.M. Paiero; 19, Bruce Peninsula National Park, Singing Sands,

45°11°34"N, 81°34’58"W, 30 July 1997, wetland, malaise trap, S.A. Marshall, 20°C" 19, 8 July

2003, M. Buck; | 9, Dyers Bay, 22 July 1956, D.H. Pengelly; 50’'o" 29 , Sauble Beach, 7 and 9

July 1981, G. Aiudi & J. Kircher; 29 9, Sauble Falls, 9 July 1981, C. Farivar; Inverhuron Provincial

Park, 20°C", 15 June 2003, 40°’ 69 2 (3 AC’ 49 Q in yellow pans, 10" 1¢ in white pans), 2

July 2003, 59 9, 25 July 2003, dunes, M. Buck. Bruce or Grey, Hepworth, 19, 16 July 1974,

R.E. Roughley, 22 2, 26 June 1975, J.T. Huber, 10", 31 May 1979, S.A. Marshall. Grey, 10’,

Durham, 17 June 1955, D.H. Pengelly; Hepworth dunes, 44°37’N, 81°9’W, 150'o"' 149° (40°'C"

2° 9 in yellow pans, 19 in white pans), 5 July 2003, 19, 22 July 2003, M. Buck. Simcoe, | 9,

Midland, 23 June 1974, J.T. Huber. Dufferin, 39 9, Primrose, 17 July 1956 and 7 July 1960, D.H.

Pengelly; 19, same except 8 July 1974, J.T. Huber. Wellington, 1 9, Guelph, 26 June 1956, D.H.

Pengelly; 20'0"' 32 9, Aberfoyle, 25 June 1956, D.H. Pengelly. Halton, 1 2, Milton, Woodland

Trails Camp, 4" Line Nassagaweya, 43°22°51”N, 79°59°35”W, 16 July 2004, S.M. Paiero. Brant,

19, Brantford Railway Prairie, 43°10’N, 80°19°W, 12 July 2002, S.M. Paiero. Norfolk, Manestar

Tract, 6 km NNW St. Williams, 42°42°17"N, 80°27°38"W, 10", 30 June 2000, 80°" 239 2 (19

in white pans), 8 June 2001, 49 ° (2 in white pans), 15 June 2001, 69 ° (2 in yellow pans), 25

June 2001, 50°" 102 9, 23 June 2002, sandy field, M. Buck, 19, 15 June 2003, S.A. Marshall.

Elgin, 1 9, Port Burwell, 4 July 1974, J.T. Huber. Lambton, 39 9 (1 in malaise trap), Port Franks,

Watson Property nr. L-Lake, 27 June-2 July 1996, J. Skevington.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: AB; eastern U.S.:, IA, MI, NY, PA, MA,

NJ (Krombein 1979). The species also occurs in NS, NB, QC, MB and SK (Buck, in prep.).

Biology. Cleptoparasitic on Gorytes canaliculatus and Hoplisoides nebulosus (Bohart and

Menke 1976). Because of previous confusion between H. nebulosus and H. placidus pergandei the

second host needs to be confirmed. Primary host in Ontario is undoubtedly G. canaliculatus (Buck,

unpubl.).

Nysson gagates Bradley, 1920

Ontario: Thunder Bay, 70'C" 69 Q, Little Pic River at Hwy 17, 48°48°5"N, 86°37°47"W,

15 and 17 July 2002, sand cliff, M. Buck; 59 9, Neys Provincial Park, railway crossing, 48°46°30"N,

86°35°3"W, 17-18 July 2002, M. Buck; 10° 39 Q, Neys Provincial Park, 1.6 km SW of gate house,

48°46°39"N, 86°36°32"W, 8-19 July 2002, Vaccinium/lichen, yellow pans, M. Buck; 10° 39 9, 28

km E Nipigon, 48°58’0"N, 87°58°47"W, 8 July 2002, M. Buck; Sleeping Giant Provincial Park,

2.5 km S Visitor Centre, 48°20°53"N, 88°48°11"W, old sand pit, 30°C" 49. 2, 9 July 2002, 49 Q,

14 July 2002, M. Buck; 5o’'o"' 39. 9, Sleeping Giant Provincial Park, Marie Louise Campground,

9-14 July 2002, white pans, M. Buck; 322, Thunder Bay, 16 km ENE Jct. Hwy 17 & 527,

48°32°7"N, 88°56°23"W, 10 July 2002, M. Buck. Rainy River, 10’, Rainy River, 5 July 1960,

S.M. Clark (CNCI). Carleton, 19, "621", "1431", Provancher collection (Provancher 1887, as N.

rusticus: Ottawa, leg. Guignard) (ULQC); | 0’, "Flats 11.7", 10", "Ar. 20.6", 19, "Nysson rusticus

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Cress. Sh. 19.7.85", probably collected by Guignard (i.e. probably from the Ottawa region or nearby

Quebec) (CNCI). Prince Edward, 10’, Smith Bay nr. Picton, 1 July 1970, J.F. McAlpine (CNCI).

Northumberland, 19, Brighton, 17 July 1956, malaise trap, no collector (CNCI). Bruce, 5° 9,

Inverhuron Provincial Park, front dunes, 44°17°33"N, 81°35’28"W, 10 September 2003, white and

yellow pans (excl. 12), M. Buck & S.M. Paiero. Dufferin, 10, Primrose, 17 July 1956, D.H.

Pengelly. Wellington, 12, Guelph, 14 August 1961, G.P. Brumpton. Norfolk, Manestar Tract, 6

km NNW St. Williams, 42°42’17"N, 80°27°38"W, 1 9, 24 August 2001, yellow pans, 300’, 23

June 2002, sandy field, M. Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: BC; U.S.: NY, MS (Krombein 1979). The

species also occurs in QC, MB, SK, AB and YT (Buck, in prep.).

Biology. Unknown.

Taxonomy. See below Nysson trichrus (Mickel) in the section on species erroneously recorded

from Ontario (p.76).

Nysson hesperus Bohart, 1968

Ontario: Algoma, 10’, Hilton Beach, 24 August 1992, field, malaise trap, J.E. Swann.

Hastings, 1 2, Trent River Prairie [NE of Stirling], top of Old Man’s Hill, 44°13’N, 77°34’ W, 23

August 1994, J.T. Kerr & L. Packer (LPC). Brant, 19, Brantford Railway Prairie, 43°10°N,

80°19°W, 24 July 2002, M. Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: BC; western U.S.: WY, CO, ID, OR, NV,

CA (Krombein 1979). The species also occurs in NB, MB, SK, BC, YT and NT (Buck, in prep.).

Biology. Unknown.

Nysson simplicicornis Fox, 1896

Ontario: Brant, Brantford Railway Prairie, 43°10’N, 80°19’W, 10’, 24 August 2001, yellow

pans, 10, 12 July 2002, S.M. Paiero, 22 9, 24 July 2002, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero. Essex, 19,

Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 30 July 2002, on earth between roots of fallen tree, M. Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. U.S.: NY, PA, MI, MD, DC, VA, WV, IA, NE, MO

(Krombein 1979).

Biology. Unknown.

Nysson subtilis Fox, 1896

Ontario: Leeds and Grenville, 19, St. Lawrence Is. National Park, Thwartway I. [= Leek

I.], 5 August 1976, Reid (CNCI). Peterborough, ©’, Methuen Township, Sandy Lake Road, 9 June

2001, W.J. Crins. York 19, Toronto, 1-2 July 1978, R.S. Peigler (TAMU). Lambton, 19, Port

Franks, Karner Blue Sanctuary, 18-22 July 1996, malaise trap, J. Skevington; 29 Q, Port Franks,

Watson Property nr. L-Lake, 15-22 July 1996, malaise trap, J. Skevington. Essex, Windsor, Ojibway

Prairie, 22 9, 15-19 June 2001, 19, 19-22 June 2001, 1 9, 25-29 June 2001, 19, 29 June-3 July

2001, 12, 10-13 July 2001, burnt savannah, yellow pans, S.M. Paiero, 180°C" 49. Q, 18-19 June

2002, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero; 19, 20 July 2002, S.A. Marshall.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Eastern U.S.: NY, PA, NJ, MD, DC, WV (Krombein

1979). The species also occurs in Quebec (Buck, in prep.).

Biology. Unknown.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Synnevrus aequalis (Patton, 1879)

Ontario: Essex, | 0’, Point Pelee, 22 July 1979, J.M. Heraty.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Eastern U.S.: MA south to FL, WI, IA, IL, SD, LA

(Krombein 1979).

Biology. Unknown. Probably cleptoparasitic on other Sphecidae/Crabronidae.

Synnevrus plagiatus (Cresson, 1882)

Ontario: Simcoe, 40°C" 1 2, Midland, 17 July 1977, A. Konecny. York, Toronto, 10", July

1924, R.W. Hall, 107, 27 July 1953, M.E. Hearst (both ROME). Wentworth, 1°, Ancaster, 26

July 1955, J.E.H. Martin (CNCI). Middlesex, 19, Strathroy, 28 July 1919, H.F. Hudson (CNCI).

Kent, Rondeau Provincial Park, South Point Trail East, 1c’ 49 9, 9-10 August 2003, dunes and

savannah, yellow and white pans, M. Buck, 39 9, 16 August 2003, S.M. Paiero, 62 2 (399 in

yellow pans), 5-7 September 2003, Carolinian forest, dunes and savannah, M. Buck. Essex, Point

Pelee, 22 9, 25 August 1920, N.K. Bigelow (ROME), 19, 20 July 1978, 1c’ 19, 25 July 1979,

W.A. Attwater, 12, 25 July 1979, D. Morris, 10’, 19 July 1978, K.N. Barber; 10’, Point Pelee

National Park, Visitor Centre, 25 July 2003, D. Cheung; Point Pelee National Park, Old Maintenance

Yard, 41°56’54"N, 82°31°14"W, 19, 14-15 August 2003, yellow pans, M. Buck & D. Cheung,

12, 30 July 2003, 292 9, 14 August 2003, M. Buck; Point Pelee National Park, Opuntia field N of

Visitor Centre, 10", 24-25 July 2003, yellow pans, D. Cheung & S.M. Paiero, 1c" 22 9, 25-30

July 2003, yellow pans, S.M. Paiero & D. Cheung; 19, Point Pelee National Park, De Laurier

House, 29-30 July 2003, yellow pans, M. Buck & D. Cheung.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: QC (Finnamore 1982); U.S. east of Rocky

Mts. (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Evans (1975a) reared this cleptoparasitic species from cells of Sphex ichneumoneus (L.).

Epinysson mellipes (Cresson, 1882)

Ontario: Leeds and Grenville, 10’, St. Lawrence Is. National Park, Grenadier I. Centre, 18

July 1975, E. Sigler (CNCI). Dufferin, 10’, Boyne Valley Provincial Park, 1 km N Primrose,

44°6’15"N, 80°8’0"W, 27 July 2002, yellow pans, M. Buck. York, Toronto, 10’, 1 July 1891,

30°C 19, 5 July 1891, no collector (labels in W.N. Brodie’s handwriting and style) (CNCI).

Wellington, Guelph, 10’, 20 July 1974, J.T. Huber, 10’, 14 May 1977, W.A. Attwater. Wentworth,

1 Q, Ancaster, 30 July 1979, L. Templin. Welland, 19, Niagara Whirlpool, 1 July 2004, S.M.

Paiero. Brant, Brantford Railway Prairie, 43°10’N, 80°19’ W, 20°C" 1 Q, 12 July 2002, yellow

pans (excl. 10"), S.M. Paiero, 50°C’ 49 Q, 24 July 2002, S.M. Paiero & M. Buck. Norfolk, 19°,

Turkey Point Tract at Regional Road 10, 42°42’2"N, 80°20°17"W, 23 August 2003, yellow pans,

M. Buck. Kent, 10’, Rondeau Provincial Park, South Point Trail East, 42°15’35"N, 81°50°53"W,

9-10 August 2003, savannah, white pans, M. Buck. Essex, 32 2, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie nr.

Sprucewood Avenue, 26-27 August 2002, white and yellow pans, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero.

Distribution. Newly recorded for eastern Canada. Canada: BC; U.S.: NH to FL, LA, MN, IA,

ND, CO, MT, CA (Krombein 1979). The species also occurs in Manitoba (Buck, in prep.).

Biology. Unknown.

Epinysson tramosericus (Viereck, 1904)

[= E. basilaris tuberculatus auctt., nec Handlirsch, 1887]

Ontario: Nipissing, 12, Algonquin Provincial Park, Lake Travers Road NE km 36.5,

45°54’ 1"N, 77°42’45"W, 18 August 2002, M. Buck. Victoria, 12, Coboconk, 18 July 1961, G.K.

Morris. Grey, Hepworth dunes, 44°37°N, 81°9°W, 80'CO' 729 (6 CC in yellow pans, 1 @ in

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

white pans), 5 July 2003, 12, 22 July 2003, M. Buck. Dufferin, 10’, Orangeville, 9 July 1954,

D.H. Pengelly. Halton, 12, Milton, Woodland Trails Camp, 4'" Line Nassagaweya, 43°32’51"N,

79°59°35"W, 18 August 2003, M. Buck. Welland, 192, Niagara Whirlpool, 1 July 2004, S.M.

Paiero. Brant, 30°C 29 9, Brantford Railway Prairie, 430 10’N, 80°19’ W, 12 July 2002, yellow

pans (excl. 10°), S.M. Paiero. Norfolk, 2C’C’, Manestar Tract, 6 km NNW St. Williams, 23 June

2002, sandy field, M. Buck; 10", Normandale, 30 June 1956, C.D. Miller (CNCI); 192, Normandale

Fish Culture Station, 42°43’7"N, 80°20°20"W, 23 August 2003, M. Buck. Lambton, Pinery

Provincial Park, 10’, 11-14 June 1986, malaise trap, 12, 18-21 June 1986, power line, malaise

pans, L. Packer (LPC); Port Franks, Watson Property nr. L-Lake, 20'C" 19, 12-15 July 1996,

22 Q, 22-28 July 1996, malaise trap, J. Skevington; 12, Port Franks, Karner Blue Sanctuary, 18-

25 July 1996, pan traps, J. Skevington. Kent, 10’, Rondeau Provincial Park, 21 June 1962, S.M.

Clark (CNCI). Essex, Windsor, Springarden Road ANSI, 10° 89 Q, 31 July 2002, M. Buck &

S.M. Paiero, 22 2, 27 August 2002, M. Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Eastern U.S.: NY, PA west to WI, ND, south to SC

(Krombein 1979). The species also occurs in Manitoba (Buck, in prep.).

Biology. The host of this species has been recorded as Hoplisoides nebulosus (Krombein

1979). Due to previous confusion of this species with H. placidus pergandei the host association

needs to be confirmed.

Taxonomy. This species has previously gone under the name E. basilaris tuberculatus

(Handlirsch). Examination of the type of tuberculatus Handlirsch revealed that it is conspecific

with hoplisivora Rohwer and takes priority over this name (Buck, in prep.). E. tramosericus has

also been frequently confused with the southern Nearctic E. opulentus (Gerstaecker), a species

erroneously recorded from Ontario (see page 76 below). The taxonomy of Epinysson will be dealt

with in a separate review (Buck, in prep.).

Epinysson tuberculatus (Handlirsch, 1887)

[= E. guatemalensis hoplisivora (Rohwer, 1923)]

Ontario: Brant, 20’ OC’, Brantford Railway Prairie, 43°10’N, 80°19’ W, 12 July 2002, S.M.

Paiero. Norfolk, Turkey Point Tract at Regional Road 10, 42°42’2"N, 80°20717"W, 1 2, 17 August

2003, netted, 19, 23 August 2003, yellow pans, M. Buck. Lambton, 10’, Walpole I., 12 July

1979, W.A. Attwater; 10’, Port Franks, Watson Property near lake, 7-14 August 1996, malaise trap,

J. Skevington. Kent, Rondeau Provincial Park, South Point Trail east, savannah, 19, 7 September

2002, yellow pans, 49 9 (1 in white pans), 9-10 August 2003, 19, 5-7 September 2003, yellow

pans, M. Buck; 1C% 1 9, Rondeau Provincial Park, Lakeshore Road, Beach Access #11, 42°16°1"N,

81°50°39"W, dunes, M. Buck. Essex, Point Pelee, 10”, 18 July 1978, D. Morris, 10° 29 9, 20 July

1978, W.A. Attwater, 229, 21 July 1979, J.M. Heraty; 30’C", Point Pelee National Park, West

Beach, 13-14 August 2003, M. Buck; 20''C’, Point Pelee National Park, Visitor Centre, 17-18 July

2003, yellow pans, D. Cheung; Point Pelee National Park, Opuntia field N of Visitor Centre, 3 29,

11-17 July 2003, yellow pans, D. Cheung, 99 9, 24-30 July 2003, yellow and white pans, D.

Cheung & S.M. Paiero; 3 2 Q, Point Pelee National Park, De Laurier House, 29-30 July 2003,

white pans, M. Buck & D. Cheung; Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 20°C" 19, 30 July 2002, 19, 26

August 2002, netted, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero, 292 9, 26-27 August 2002, sandy savannah, yellow

pans, M. Buck, 40°C" 29 Q, 25 July 2003, yellow pans, S.M. Paiero.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Eastern U.S.: MD to FL (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Cleptoparasitic on Hoplisoides costalis (Cresson) (Krombein 1979).

Taxonomy. This distinct species was previously known under the synonym E. guatemalensis

hoplisivora (Rohwer 1923) (Buck, in prep.; see under previous species). Epinysson tuberculatus

(Handlirsch 1887) takes priority over both hoplisivora Rohwer and guatemalensis Rohwer 1914.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Clitemnestra bipunctata (Say, 1824)

Ontario: Nipissing, | 9 , Algonquin Park, Cache Lake, 31 July 1936 (ROME). Parry Sound,

19, Parry Sound, 20 July 1958, D.H. Pengelly. Carleton, Ottawa, 10", 22 June 1989, 299, 21

July and 6 August 1996, damp second growth Acer-Betula wood, J.R. Vockeroth (CNCI). Bruce,

10’, Dyers Bay, 30 July 1953, D.H. Pengelly. Peel, Forks of the Credit, gravel pit NW of Provincial

Park, 43°49’24"N, 80°0’57"W, 100'C", 3 and 5 August 2002, M. Buck. Wellington, 1 9, Guelph,

6 July 2003, on outside window in city, M. Buck. Halton, 1 9, Oakville, 2 July 2002, S.M. Paiero;

Milton, Derry Road & 4" Line, 43°31°31"N, 79°50’°25"W, 19, 14 July 2002 19, 30 August 2002,

S.M. Paiero; 19, Milton, 16 Mile Creek & 4" Line, 43°29°5"N, 79°46’27"W, 12 August 2001,

river valley, S.M. Paiero; Oakville nr. Hwy 25 & Burnhamthorpe Road, | 9, 14-18 August 1999,

19, 21 July 2002, 49 9*), 16 August 2002, 19, 9-10 August 2003, S.M. Paiero. Wentworth,

39 Q, Hamilton, 23-30 August 1981, M. Sanborne (CNCI); 19, Dundas, 7-11 August 1972, D.M.

Wood (CNCI); 10’, Flamborough, Lawson Farm, 18-25 July 1997, alvar, B. DeJonge. Welland,

19, Niagara Falls, 22 June 1957, no collector (CNCI). Lincoln, 19, Grimsby, 6 July 1894, no

collector (CNCI). Brant, Brantford Railway Prairie, 43°10’N, 80°19’ W, 19, 12 July 2002, S.M.

Paiero, 10" 229 9, 24 July 2002, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero. Kent, 19, Wheatley, 15 August 1982,

T.D. Galloway (EDUM). Essex, 30" 19, Leamington, 17 August 1987, T.D. Galloway (EDUM);

12, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 12-13 September 2002, on earth between roots of fallen tree, S.M.

Paiero.

Distribution. Genus and species newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: AB (Strickland 1947),

QC (Finnamore 1982); U.S.: Upper and Lower Austral Zones (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Nesting in sandy or heavier soil. Prey are adult or more rarely nymphal Cicadellidae,

Cercopidae, Membracidae, Cixiidae and Psyllidae (Krombein 1979).

Prey record. *) One adult Ponana quadralabra DeLong (Cicadellidae).

Argogorytes nigrifrons (Smith, 1856)

Ontario: Leeds and Grenville, St. Lawrence Is. National Park, Grenadier I. Centre, 29 °,

14 July 1975, 19, 18 July 1975, 19, 23 July 1975, 19, 21 July 1975, E. Sigler (CNCI). Hastings,

1, Belleville, 28 July 1949, E.J. Bond. Simcoe, 19, Midland, 17 July 1977, A. Konecny. Kent,

19, Rondeau Provincial Park, 18 July 1962, S.M. Clark (CNCI.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: QC (Finnamore 1982), NS; eastern U.S.:

New England states south to GA and west to WI, IA, KS, TX (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Unknown. Two Palaearctic species nest in the ground and use nymphal spittlebugs

as prey (Krombein 1979).

Lestiphorus cockerelli (Rohwer, 1909)

Ontario: Thunder Bay, | 9, Lake Nipigon, Macdiarmid, 16 July 1922 N.K. Bigelow (CNCI).

Leeds and Grenville, | 9, Spencerville, 29 August 1938, G.H. Hammond (CNCI). Hastings, 19,

Trent River Prairie [NE of Stirling], top of Old Man’s Hill, 44°13’N, 77°34’W, 23 August 1994,

J.T. Kerr & L. Packer (LPC). Northumberland, 19, Murray Hills, 44°7’N, 77°40’W, 1 September

2002, S.M. Paiero. Bruce, 19, Dyers Bay, 20 July 1953, D.H. Pengelly. Wellington, 1 9, Guelph,

23 August 1982, A.W. Schaafsma.

New Brunswick: | 9, Bailey, 6 September 1977, S.M. Smith.

Distribution. Genus and species newly recorded for Ontario and New Brunswick. Canada:

NT (Steiner 1973), QC (Finnamore 1982); U.S.: PA (Kurczewski and Miller 1991), MA, NY, MI,

SD, CO (Krombein 1979).

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Biology. Nesting habits unknown. Prey are adult Acanalonia bivittata (Say) (Issidae)

(Kurcezewski and Miller 1991).

Oryttus gracilis (Patton, 1879)

Ontario: Essex, 10’, Point Pelee, 12 July 1920, N.K. Bigelow (ROME).

Distribution. Genus and species newly recorded for Canada. U.S. east of 100" meridian in

Upper and Lower Austral Zones (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Unknown. Other Oryttus species prey on Fulgoridae and Cicadellidae (Krombein 1979).

Hoplisoides costalis (Cresson, 1872)

Ontario: Carleton, 19, Ottawa, 5 August 1989, damp second-growth Acer-Betula wood,

J.R. Vockeroth (CNCI). Huron, 19, "Godrich" [= Goderich], 9 September (no year), D. Maize.

York, 292 9, Toronto, 16 and 24 July 1981, L. Packer (LPC, DEBU). Wellington, 19, Guelph,

August 1964, I. Kukovica. Halton, 1 2, Milton, downtown, 20 August 2002, on Campsis flowers,

S.M. Paiero; 12, Milton, Derry Road & 4" Line, 43°31°31"N, 79°50’25"W, 1 August 2002, S.M.

Paiero; 19, Oakville, nr. Hwy 25 & Burnhamthorpe Road, 43°27°14"N, 79°47°32"W, 4 August

2002, S.M. Paiero. Wentworth, 22 9, Hamilton, 24 and 28 July 1980, M. Sanborne (PMAE).

Norfolk, 12, Turkey Point area, 7 July 2002, B. Arnal & H. Duggan (BAR). Lambton, 1 9, Port

Franks, Watson Property nr. L-Lake, 25-31 July 1996, malaise trap, J. Skevington. Kent, 19*),

Rondeau Provincial Park, Spicebush Trail, 42°18’9"N, 81°51’6"W, Carolinian forest, 15 August

2003, nesting in sand between roots of fallen tree, S.M. Paiero. Essex, Point Pelee, 10%, 9 July

1962, S.M. Clark (CNCI), 10%, 18 July 1978, D. Morris; 19, Point Pelee National Park, West

Beach, 13 August 2003, M. Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Eastern U.S.: NY to NE, south to MO and FL;

Mexico: Tamaulipas to Yucatan (Bohart 1997).

Biology. Nests in sand. Adult Membracidae of various genera are used as prey (Krombein

1979).

Prey record. *) Two adults of Telamona sp. (Membracidae) were brought in consecutively by

presumably the same female.

Hoplisoides placidus pergandei (Handlirsch, 1888)

[= H. placidus nebulosus auctt., nec Packard, 1867]

Ontario: Carleton, 1 9, locality not stated [= Ottawa area], "18/7", W.H. Harrington (CNCI).

Peterborough, 12, Norwood, 6 August 1983, T.D. Galloway (EDUM). Grey, Hepworth dunes,

44°37°N, 81°99’ W, 20°’ 792 9, 5 July 2003, 19, 22 July 2003, M. Buck. Simcoe, 1 2, Baxter, Six

Mile Lake, 8 July 1981, L. Packer (LPC); 19, Christian I., 13 July 2002, A. Cormier. Brant,

Brantford Railway Prairie, 43°10’N, 80°19’W, 107 39 9, 12 July 2002, S.M. Paiero, 19, 24 July

2002, M. Buck. Norfolk, 160°C" 17 2.9, Manestar Tract, 6 km NNW St. Williams, 42°42°17"N,

80°27°38"W, various dates, June-July, 2000-2002, M. Buck ; 19, Normandale Fish Culture Station,

42°43’7"N, 80°20°20"W, 23 August 2003, M. Buck. Lambton, 19, Port Franks, Karner Blue

Sanctuary, 15 July 1996, J. Skevington; 19, Pinery Provincial Park, Carolinian Trail parking lot,

grassy sandy area, 26 July 2001, M. Buck; Pinery Provincial Park, power line, 10’, 14-17 June

1986, 1c’ 19, 18-21 June 1986, malaise trap, L. Packer (LPC, 10” DEBU). Kent, 12, Rondeau

Provincial Park, Harrison Trail nr. group campground, 42°17°56"N, 81°50°48"W, 14 August 2003,

forest clearing, S.M. Paiero. Essex, Windsor, Springarden Road ANSI, 32 Q, 31 July 2002, M.

Buck, 19, 27 August 2002, S.M. Paiero.

Quebec: 1 2, Lanoraie, 4 August 1928, J.W. Buckle (LEMQ):; 1Q, St. Anne’s, 5 August 1938

(LEMQ); 19, 3 mi N Ste. Scholastique, 13 July 1972, C. Boyle (LEMQ).

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada (ON, QC). Eastern U.S. (Krombein 1979, partim).

The nominate subspecies occurs in Florida (Krombein 1979).

Taxonomy. This subspecies of H. placidus was previously confused with H. nebulosus, which

is a good species and not a subspecies of the former. The taxonomic changes in Hoplisoides will be

presented in a separate review of that genus (Buck, in prep.).

Biology. Nests in sand and preys on Membracidae, like the closely related H. nebulosus. Due

to confusion with this species previous prey records (e.g., Krombein 1979) need to be re-examined.

Stizoides renicinctus (Say, 1823)

Ontario: Middlesex, 10’, London, no date, "Ent. Soc. O.".

Distribution. Newly recorded for eastern Canada. Canada: southern AB and BC; U.S.: mainly

west of Mississippi River, rare in east: MN, IL, WI, MI (Midland County and Benzie County), DC,

NC; Mexico: Zacatecas (Ohl 1999).

Biology. Cleptoparasitic on Prionyx atratus (Lepeletier) and P. thomae (F.) (Sphecinae)

(Krombein 1979). Only the former species occurs in southwestern Ontario.

Note. As can be inferred from the old Entomological Society of Ontario label this specimen

must have been collected during the second half of the 19" century (the Society was founded in

1863). It appears to be one of the oldest sphecid specimens in the Guelph collection. Due to prevailing

labelling standards at the time one cannot be completely certain that the specimen actually originated

from London, Ontario. London was also the former seat of the Entomological Society and labels

sometimes indicated ownership rather than collecting data. Considering the known range of the

species it seems perfectly possible that the specimen was collected in or around London. Given the

rarity of this species in eastern north America, its specialized biology, and the absence of recent

records it appears very likely that S. renicinctus has been extirpated in Ontario some time ago.

Bicyrtes quadrifasciatus (Say, 1824)

Ontario: Frontenac, 192, Perth Road, 25 August 1957, J.R. Vockeroth (CNCI).

Northumberland, 50°C’ 39 9, Brighton, 7-8 August 1956, malaise trap, no collector (CNCI).

Bruce, Inverhuron Provincial Park, dunes, 30’ (1 in yellow pans), 26 July 2003, 19, 22 August

2003, M. Buck, 32 9, 10 September 2003, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero. Simcoe, 19, Springwater

Provincial Park, hydro line, 44°26’33"N, 79°45’41"W, 2 September 2002, M. Buck. Brant, 10

22 °'), Brantford Railway Prairie, 43°10’N, 80°19’W, 24 July 2002, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero.

Norfolk, 22 2, Simcoe, 19 July 1977, A.A. Konecny; Delhi-Simcoe Railway, 42°51’N, 80°23’W,

10’, 11 July 2001, 10°, 14 July 2001, prairie remnant, S.M. Paiero; Manestar Tract, 6 km NNW St.

Williams, 42°42’17"N, 80°27’38"W, 30°C 292 Q, 25 July 2000, 10" 29 9”), 3 August 2001, M.

Buck, 29 9°), 24 August 2001, sandy field, M. Buck & S.A. Marshall; 29 9, Wilson Tract, 9 July

1992, J. Skevington; 19, same data except 18 September 1991, I.P. Smith; 10, Normandale Fish

Culture Station, 42°43’7"N, 80°20’20"W, 23 August 2003, M. Buck; 200", Long Point, 5 August

1978, W.D. Husby. Lambton, 30°C" 29 9, Grand Bend, A.A. Wood & C.D. Miller (CNCI); 19,

Pinery Provincial Park, Grand Bend, 15 August 1982, K.N. Barber; Pinery Provincial Park, 19, 28

June 1991, malaise trap, 12, 9 September 1992, J. Skevington; 1 9, Pinery Provincial Park, Day

Use Area 1, 43°17°8"N, 81°48’7"'W, dunes, 27 July 2001, M. Buck; 29 9, Pinery Provincial Park,

amphitheatre, 26 July 2001, sandy area, M. Buck. Kent, 60°C" 49 9, Rondeau Provincial Park,

1962, S.M. Clark (CNCI); 1 9, Rondeau Provincial Park, South Point Trail, 7 September 2002, M.

Buck; 19, Chatham, 5 August 1947, no collector; 60°C’, Wheatley, 9 July 1977, A.A. Konecny,

E.A. Innes & W.A. Attwater. Essex, 1 9, Kingsville, 12 August 1973, R.E. Roughley; 10’, Windsor,

10 June 1984, M.T. Kasserra; 180°C" 9 QQ, Point Pelee, July-August, 1978-1998, various

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

collectors; 10° 32 9, Point Pelee, S.M. Clark & R. Lambert (CNCI); 19, Point Pelee National

Park, Opuntia field, 28 July 2003, M. Buck; Point Pelee National Park, Old Maintenance Yard,

41°56’54"N, 82°31°14"W, Io" 19, 29 July 2003, 12, 14 August 2003, D. Cheung; 10’, Point

Pelee National Park, Old Henry Camp, 41°57°35"N, 82°31732"W, 14-15 August 2003, white pans,

M. Buck & D. Cheung; 1 9°), Pelee I., 29 August 1977, W.D. Husby; Pelee I., Fish Point, 39 2, 5

August 1993, R.A. Cannings & H. Nadel (BCPM), 19, 14 August 1993, B. Larson; Windsor,

Ojibway Prairie, 12, 30-31 July 2002, S.M. Paiero, 1 9, 26 August 2002, M. Buck; 19, Windsor,

Springarden Road ANSI, 31 July 2002, M. Buck.

Distribution. Apparently, this species has never been formally recorded from Canada. U.S.

east of Rocky Mts. in Transitional and Austral Zones (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Nests in sand or heavier soil. Immature Pentatomidae and Coreidae are used as prey

(Krombein 1979).

Prey records. ') and *) One nymphal Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann (Coreidae) each.

*) One nymphal Leptoglossus occidentalis and one nymphal Acrosternum sp. (Pentatomidae). *)

One nymphal Acrosternum sp.

Nomenclature. Contrary to prevalent previous usage (e.g., Krombein 1979, Bohart 1996) the

gender of Bicyrtes is masculine (Pulawski 2004).

Stictia carolina (Fabricius, 1793)

Ontario: Essex, 10’, Point Pelee National Park, Old Maintenance Yard, 41°56’54"N,

82°31°14"W, 14 August 2003, M. Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Eastern U.S.: NJ to FL, west to IL, KS, NM

(Krombein 1979).

Biology. Nests in sand, occasionally in large aggregations. Prey are large flies of various

families (predominantly Tabanidae, also Stratiomyidae, Syrphidae, Muscidae, Sarcophagidae,

Calliphoridae, Tachinidae), exceptionally other insects (Cicadidae, Hesperiidae) (Krombein 1979).

The species is also called “horse guard” because it often hunts its prey around livestock.

Note. It is remarkable that this very large and conspicuous wasp has not been found during

previous insect surveys of Point Pelee (conducted in 1920 (N.K. Bigelow), in 1978/9 and 1999/

2000 (University of Guelph)). This could indicate that the species recently expanded its range or

that the collected male was merely a straggler. The site where the specimen was found is not a

suitable breeding habitat but possible breeding sites might exist nearby along the Lake Erie shore.

Stictiella emarginata (Cresson, 1865)

Ontario: Simcoe, C.F.B. Borden, 19, 26 July 1996, 19, 13 July 1997, RE. Kurczewski

(FEK). Dufferin, Primrose, 12, 30 June 1955, 19, 22 July 1955, 19, 17 July 1956, D.H. Pengelly.

York, 10’, Toronto, August 1918, no collector (CNCI).

Saskatchewan: 10’, Nipawin, 14 July 1968, T.C. Taylor; 19, Meadow Lake, 20 June 1977,

W.T. Nash; 19, Melville, 3 July 1979, D.H. Pengelly; 1 o’, Prince Albert, 22 July 1916, F.W.L.

Sladen (CNCI).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario and Saskatchewan. Canada: AB; U.S.: NY south to

northern FL (along the Appalachian Mts.), MI, MN, IA, and from KS and TX west to WA and CA

(Bohart and Gillaspy 1985; O’Brien 1989a). The species is rare in the eastern part of its range.

Biology. Preys upon adult Lepidoptera of the genera Apamea, Calophasia, Chytonix, Euxoa,

Lacinipolia, Nedra (Noctuidae) and Polites (Hesperiidae) (Kurczewski, in litt.).

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Subfamily Philanthinae

Philanthus lepidus Cresson, 1865

Ontario: Manitoulin, 10’, Manitoulin I., Carter Bay, 45°36’23"N, 82°8’27"W, 28 August

2003, dunes, S.A. Marshall. Leeds and Grenville, | specimen (digital picture of live specimen),

Charleston Lake, 2002/3, H. Goulet (picture in collection of H. Goulet). Hastings, Marmora, 10’,

29 July 1952, 19, 6 August 1952, C. Boyle (CNCI); Chatterton, 10", 14 August 1948, 20’, 25

August 1949, J.C. Martin (CNCI); 19, Belleville, 3 August 1946, no collector (CNCI).

Peterborough, 10’, Norwood, 16 August 1984, T.D. Galloway (EDUM). Northumberland, 19,

Brighton, 14 September 1954, J.C. Martin (CNCI); 19, Alderville First Nations Prairie and

Savannah, 1 September 2001, S.M. Paiero. Bruce, Inverhuron Provincial Park, 10°, 22 August

2003, 20'C",, 10 September 2003, dunes, M. Buck. Dufferin, 10”, Mansfield Outdoor Centre, 19-

20 September 1992, J. Skevington & A. Goering; 20°C" 39 9'), Mono Cliffs Provincial Park, 31

August 2002, M. Buck. Wellington, 1 2, Guelph, 13 September 1992, R.W. Burgess. Wentworth,

2° 2, Hamilton, 23-30 August 1981, M. Sanborne (CNCI). Norfolk, 10”, Turkey Point Provincial

Park, 11 August 1984, L. Packer (LPC); 10”, St. Williams, 6 August 1986, L. Packer (LPC); 30°C"

12, Normandale Fish Culture Station, 42°43’7"N, 80°20’20"W, 23 August 2003, M. Buck; 10,

St. Williams Forestry Station, 5 September 1987, J.T. Troubridge; 2 9 2, Manestar Tract, 42°43’N,

80°27’ W, 20-26 August 1993, oak savannah, malaise trap, J.T. Kerr, M. deGiusti & L. Packer

(LPC, DEBU). Middlesex, 12, Komoka Feed Mill Prairie, 42°58’N, 81°25’W, 11 September

2001, S.M. Paiero. Lambton, 10’, Port Franks, Watson Property nr. L-Lake, 26 August 1996, J.

Skevington. Kent, 20°C" 29 9, Rondeau Provincial Park, South Point Trail, 7 September 2002,

M. Buck. Essex, 60°C" 19, Point Pelee, 8-9 September 1954, W.R.M. Mason, R. Lambert & G.S.

Walley (CNCI); 10’, Point Pelee, West Beach, 23 August 2000, O. Lonsdale; Leamington, 19, 16

August 1982, 10", 25 August 1984, 80°C’, 18 August 1987, T.D. Galloway (EDUM); 10’, Harrow,

1 September 1971, T.D. Galloway (EDUM); Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 19, 7 August 2001, Y. Cui,

10’, 13 August 2002, S.A. Marshall, 50’o" 199 9?) (partly in yellow pans), 26-27 August 2002,

M. Buck, 1 9%), 12 September 2002, M. Buck; 30°C" 29 Q, Windsor, Springarden Road ANSI, 27

August 2002, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero.

Distribution. Apparently, there are no previous published records of this species from Ontario.

Canada: QC (Finnamore 1982), MB; eastern U.S. west to CO and TX (Bohart and Grissell 1975).

Biology. Nests in large aggregations in sand banks. Prey are various bees of the family

Halictidae and Pseudopanurgus (Andrenidae) (Krombein 1979).

Prey records. ') One female Lasioglossum sp. (Halictidae). *) Four males and two females of

Lasioglossum spp., one male Augochlorella striata (Provancher) (Halictidae). *) One female

Lasioglossum sp.

Cerceris astarte Banks, 1913

Ontario: Hastings, Marmora, 10° 19, 25 July 1952, J.R. Vockeroth, 20°C", 29 July 1952,

E.H.N. Smith (CNCI); Chatterton, 10°, 29 July 1951, 1 9, 11 August 1951, J.C. Martin (CNCI);

10’, Stirling, 22 August 1963, A.F. Johnson. Norfolk, 300", Turkey Point Provincial Park, east

boundary, 42°42’37"N, 80°19°47"W, 17 August 2003, M. Buck; 20’C’, Turkey Point Tract at

Regional Road 10, 42°42’2"N, 80°20°17"W, 17 August 2003, M. Buck; 10’, Turkey Point, Front

Road 0.8 km E Regional Road 10, 42°41°43"N, 80°20’42"W, 23 August 2003, M. Buck. Essex,

19, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 12 September 2002, M. Buck.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Eastern U.S.: NH, NY, MI and WI south to NC

and TX (Scullen 1965). Ferguson (1983) recorded the species from “se. Canada”, probably referring

to the above-mentioned CNCI material examined by him.

Biology. Unknown.

Cerceris compacta Cresson, 1865

Ontario: Kent, 10, Chatham, 6 August 1934, H.G. James (CNCI).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. Eastern and southwestern U.S.: NH and SD (incl.

NY, PA, OH, MI, WI, MN) south to FL and TX, NM to CA, UT (Scullen 1965); Mexico to Costa

Rica (Ferguson 1983).

Biology. Has been reported to use adult Colaspis brunnea (F.) (Chrysomelidae) as prey

(Krombein 1979).

Cerceris crucis Viereck & Cockerell, 1904

(= C. rufinoda auctt., nec Cresson, 1865)

Ontario: Hastings, 20’, Chatterton, 23 and 29 July 1951, J.C. Martin (CNCI). Essex,

Leamington, 39 ?, 19 August 1983, 10°, 7 August 1985, T.D. Galloway (EDUM); 29 9, Windsor,

Springarden Road ANSI, 27 August 2002, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: BC (Krombein 1979, as C. rufinoda

Cresson), AB; U.S.: NJ, OH, IL, VA, NC, ND to TX, west to OR and CA, AK (Scullen 1965);

Mexico: Durango, San Luis Potosi (Krombein 1979). Ferguson (1983) recorded this species from

“s. Canada’, probably referring to the above-mentioned CNCI material examined by him.

Biology. Weevils of the genera Miccotrogus and Smicronyx (Curculionidae) are used as prey

(Krombein 1979).

Cerceris echo Mickel, 1916

Ontario: Middlesex, 200", Komoka Feed Mill Prairie, 42°58’N, 81°25’ W, 11 July 2001,

S.M. Paiero. Lambton, 19, Port Franks, Karner Blue Sanctuary, 25 July 1996, J. Skevington.

Essex, 10’, Windsor prairie, “Spring Garden Road" [= Springarden Road], 3 July 1985, D.M.

Wood (CNCI); 50°C" 212 9, Windsor, Springarden Road ANSI, 31 July 2002, M. Buck.

British Columbia: 19, Osoyoos, 1200 ft, 15 July 1953, J.R. McGillis (CNCI).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario and British Columbia. Canada: AB; transcontinental

in U.S.: from ME to FL, west to ID and CA; northern Mexico (Scullen 1965; Krombein 1979).

Biology. Nests in sand. Prey are Olibrus neglectus Casey and Phalacrus (Phalacridae)

(Krombein 1979).

Species recognition. The male of this species was never described and is very similar to C.

finitima. In Ontario, males of echo differ consistently from those of finitima by the following

combination of characters: tegula moderately convex (convexity subequal to greatest diameter of

flagellomere III; in finitima convexity subequal to 1.5x greatest diameter of flagellomere III), yellow

band of tergite 2 anteriorly convex or straight (anteriorly emarginate in finitima), and erect setae of

sternites 3-6 short (shorter than mid ocellus diameter; in finitima longer than mid ocellus diameter).

Apparently, in more southern material of both species these diagnostic characters do not always

apply.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Cerceris finitima Cresson, 1865

Ontario: Essex, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 10’, 7 August 2001, S.M. Paiero, 229, 13

September 2002, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero.

Distribution. Newly recorded for eastern Canada. Canada: SK; transcontinental in U.S.: NY

to FL, west to WY and CA; northern Mexico (Scullen 1965; Krombein 1979). Finnamore (1982)

erroneously recorded this species from Quebec based on a C. arelate male that was misidentified

by H.A. Scullen (specimen in CNCI, examined). Scullen (1965) did not include this record in his

revision of the genus.

Biology. Chaetocnema pulicaria Melsheimer (Chrysomelidae) has been recorded as prey

(Krombein 1979).

Species recognition. See above under C. echo.

Cerceris fumipennis Say, 1837

Ontario: Leeds and Grenville, | specimen (digital picture of live specimen), S of Newboro,

early September 2002, H. Goulet (picture in collection of H. Goulet). York, 10’ 19, Toronto,

Lambton Mills, 16 July 1972, "N.J.T." & W.M.M. Edmonds (ROME). Waterloo, 19, Erbsville,

Wideman Road, 17 July 2003, B. Arnal & H. Duggan (BAR). Halton, 79 2*), Milton, Woodland

Trails Camp, 4" Line Nassagaweya, 43°32’51"N, 79°59°35"W, 18 August 2003, M. Buck & S.M.

Paiero. Norfolk, Manestar Tract, 42°43’N, 80°27’ W, 20°C’, 18-30 July 1992, oak savannah, malaise

trap P.J. Carson (LPC, DEBU); 10", same except 20-26 August 1993, J.T. Kerr, M. deGiusti & L.

Packer (LPC); 49 9, Turkey Point Tract at Regional Road 10, 42°42’2"N, 80°20’17"W, 17 August

2003, M. Buck; 30°C" 19, Normandale Fish Culture Station, 42°43’7"N, 80°20’20"W, 23 August

2003, M. Buck. Lambton, 20'C’, Pinery Provincial Park, powerline, 25-28 June 1986, malaise

trap, L. Packer (LPC, DEBU). Kent, 10’, Rondeau Provincial Park, Marsh Trail, nr. parking lot,

42°187°51"N, 81°51°5"W, 16 July 2003, O. Lonsdale. Essex, Point Pelee National Park, Old

Maintenance Yard, 41°56’54"N, 82°31°14"W, 29 9, 30 July 2003, 10°, 14 August 2003, M. Buck;

10’, Point Pelee National Park, The Tip parking lot, 41°55’3"N, 82°30°37"W, 13 August 2003, M.

Buck; 10", Kingsville, 12 August 1954, F.R. Netmore (CNCI); Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 10", 30-

31 July 2002, S.M. Paiero, 12, 26 August 2002, M. Buck; 10", Windsor, Springarden Road ANSI,

31 July 2002, M. Buck. |

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: BC; mostly eastern U.S.: NH to FL (incl.

NY, PA, OH, MI, MN), west to WY, CO and NM Scullen (1965). Ferguson (1983) recorded this

species from “se. Canada”, probably referring to the above-listed CNCI specimen examined by

him.

Biology. Nests in hard-packed sand. Prey are adult beetles of various genera of Buprestidae

(Krombein 1979).

Prey records. *) Five Dicerca lurida (Fabricius), two D. caudata LeConte, one D. divaricata

(Say), three Descarpentriesina cyanipes (Say), one Chrysobothris sexsignata (Say), two Actenodes

acornis (Say), one Agrilus masculinus Horn, one A. bilineatus bilineatus (Weber) (all Buprestidae).

Some of the prey items were taken without collecting the Cerceris females. Several wasps were

observed nesting in a small area of bare, hard-packed soil.

Cerceris halone Banks, 1912

Ontario: Renfrew, 12, Calabogie, 13 July 1969, J. Robillard (CNCI). Peterborough, 19,

Millbrook Ganaraska Forest, 10 July 1998, S.A. Marshall. Northumberland, 19, Murray Hills,

44°7°N, 77°40’W, 1 September 2002, S.M. Paiero. Norfolk, 32 9, Normandale, 4 September

1954, R. Lambert (CNCI); 29 9, S limit of Manestar Tract at Hwy 24, 1 km W Jct. Regional Road

16, 42°41°36"N, 80°27°8"W, 29 August 2001, on Solidago flowers, M. Buck; 10° 19, Turkey

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134. 2003

Point Tract at Regional Road 10, 42°42’2"N, 80°20°17"W, 17 August 2003, M. Buck; 50' 229,

Normandale Fish Culture Station, 42°43’7"N, 80°20’20"W, 23 August 2003, M. Buck. Essex,

Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 20°C" 32. 9, 26-27 August 2002, 12, 12 September 2002, M. Buck:

10, Windsor, Springarden Road ANSI, 27 August 2002, S.M. Paiero.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: MB; eastern U.S.: NH to NC, west to ND

(Scullen 1965; Ferguson 1983). Ferguson (1983) recorded this species from “se. Canada” probably

referring to the above-mentioned CNCI females examined by him.

Biology. Prey are various species of Curculio (Curculionidae) (Krombein 1979).

Cerceris insolita Cresson, 1865

Ontario: Essex, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 12, 30-31 July 2002, S.M. Paiero, 12, 27 August

2002, M. Buck, 19, 12-13 September 2002, yellow pans, M. Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Canada. U.S.: NJ and SD south to FL and AZ; Mexico:

Chihuahua, Jalisco (Krombein 1979).

Biology. Nests in flat, coarse-grained sand. Prey are adult Rhabdopterus praetextus (Say)

(Chrysomelidae) (Krombein 1979).

Cerceris kennicottii Cresson, 1865

Ontario: Kent, 1 2, Chatham, 26 July 1954, "host plant red clover", K.G. Davey. Essex, 19,

Leamington, 11 September 1955, D.A. West; 192, Point Pelee, 11 September 1961, L.A. Kelton

(CNCI); 192, NE of Harrow, 3 September 1993, B. Larson; 12, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 12

September 2002, M. Buck.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. U.S.: MD to FL and west to SD, CO and CA

(Krombein 1979); south to southern Mexico (Ferguson 1983). Scullen (1965) recorded the species

from “southern Canada” without naming a province. Ferguson (1983) recorded it from “southeastern

Canada” probably based on the above CNCI female, which he had examined.

Biology. Unknown.

Cerceris nitidoides Ferguson, 1983

(= C. nitida Banks, 1913; preocc.)

Ontario: Carleton, 19, Merivale, 25 August 1930, J.J. de Gryse (CNCID.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: QC; eastern U.S.: MI, IL, OH, NY, NC,

TN, TX (Scullen 1965, as C. nitida Banks).

Biology. Unknown.

Cerceris occipitomaculata Packard, 1866

Ontario: Nipissing (probably): 10°, Algonquin [Provincial Park], 2 August 1961, R.J. Pilfrey.

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Central U.S.: MN and SD to TX and AZ; northern

Mexico (Krombein 1979). Ferguson (1983) recorded the species from “southeastern Canada” without

naming a province.

Biology. Unknown.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Cerceris prominens Banks, 1912

Ontario: Carleton, 30°C’ 29 2, '"W.H.H. Ottawa" [= W.H. Harrington, 1852-1918], without

date; 19, "29.7", ""Q", labelling consistent with Harrington collection (CNCI).

Distribution. Newly recorded for Ontario. Canada: MB; eastern U.S.: ME to AL, west to MI,

KS and LA (Scullen 1965).

Biology. Unknown.

Doubtful record

Eucerceris flavocincta Cresson, 1865

Ontario: Carleton, 20 CO’, Ottawa, "Division of Entomology, Ottawa, Canada", one specimen

with handwritten label "Hanham" [?]. Locality unknown: 1 Q, no data, labelled with a "Q"-label

of the same kind used by Harrington (i.e. possibly from Ottawa region?).

Note. The specimens are very old (from the late 19" or early 20" century) and there remains

some doubt whether the label data refers to the collecting locality or the collection where they are

housed.

Distribution. A new record for eastern Canada if locality data is correct. Canada: BC to MB;

western U.S.: WA to CA, east to MT, SD, WY, CO, NM (Scullen 1968).

Biology. Nests in hard stony soil and preys on weevils of the genera Dyslobus, Panscopus and

Peritaxia (Curculionidae) (Krombein 1979).

Notes on the status of some rare species

Prionyx canadensis (Provancher, 1887). — Bohart and Menke (1963) recorded this species

from southwestern Ontario. Specimen depositories and collecting localities were not mentioned

but map plots point to the London area and Point Pelee. No specimens were found in the collections

examined.

Astata bakeri Parker, 1962. — Parker (1962) recorded this species from Prince Edward, Ontario.

The depository of the specimen(s) is not mentioned and no material was found during this study.

Tachysphex pechumani Krombein, 1938. — This species has attracted great interest because

of its unusual ecology and its restricted, disjunct distribution (Kurczewski 1998a, 2000a, b). At

present it is known only from the Lower Peninsula of Michigan, one locality each in northwestern

Indiana and northwestern Ohio, the New Jersey Pineland National Reserve and three Ontario counties

(Lambton, Norfolk, Simcoe) (Kurczewski 2000b). Five new localities were discovered in 2003

and 2004, representing new county records and the northernmost and easternmost extreme of its

range in Ontario:

Grey, 10’, Hepworth dunes, 44°37°N, 81°9’W, 5 July 2003, white pans, M. Buck. York, 1°,

King Township, Joker’s Hill, Koffler Scientific Reserve, 44°3’N, 79°29’W, 19 July 2003, sand pit,

W. Godsoe. Wellington, 10" 29 9, Guelph, Wellington Street & Fife Rd., 7 August 2004, empty

lot, on gravel/sand, M. Buck. Waterloo, 29 9 ,Erbsville, 10-11 July 2004, old field, yellow pans, J.

Klymko. Halton, 12, Milton, Woodland Trails Camp, 4" Line Nassagaweya, 43°32°51”N,

79°59°35”W, 23 July 2004, S.M. Paiero.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134. 2003

Species erroneously recorded from Ontario

Isodontia philadelphica (Lepeletier, 1845). — Reported by Harrington (1902) and Walker

(1913). Harrington’s specimen is /. mexicana. Three males and three females from Brodie’s

collection at the CNCI (without identification label) are also this species and are probably the

specimens Walker referred to.

Podalonia atriceps (Smith, 1856).— Reported by Harrington (1902, as Psammophila communis

(Cresson)) and Walker (1913, as Sphex communis (Cresson)). In both cases they were

misidentifications of P. Juctuosa (Smith) and P. robusta (Cresson).

Ammophila conditor Smith, 1856. — Reported by Harrington (1902) and Walker (1913, as

Sphex conditor (Smith)). Misidentification of A. urnaria Dahlbom.

Ammophila pubescens Curtis, 1836. — Recorded by Brown (1934) as Sphex arvensis

(Dahlbom, 1843). This name, which pertains to a Palaearctic species, has been consistently

misapplied to Nearctic species in the past. Brown’s specimens were misidentified Ammophila azteca

Cameron.

Diodontus americanus Packard, 1867. — Harrington (1902) recorded one female (labelled

“J.F. Otta[wa]”, label cut off) from the Ottawa area. Misidentification of D. bidentatus Rohwer.

Diodontus americanus is only known from the holotype (Eighme 1989).

Tachysphex montanus (Cresson, 1865). — Harrington (1902, as T. compactus Fox, 1894)

recorded one female (labelled “4/8’’) from the Ottawa area. Misidentification of T. pompiliformis

(Panzer).

Tachysphex laevifrons (Patton, 1880). — Harrington (1902) tentatively referred one female

(labelled “12/7”’) to this species. Misidentification of T. acutus (Patton).

Crabro dietrichi Bohart, 1976. — Bohart (1976) recorded this species from Ontario based on

misinterpreted locality data from the type series. He quoted the type locality as “Prince Edward

Island National Park, Ontario, Canada”. The only Prince Edward Island in Ontario is a rather

obscure locality (located in Clam Lake near Kearney, Parry Sound Distr.) and not part of any

National or Provincial Park. However, two female paratypes in the CNCI (not mentioned by Bohart)

are from Prince Edward Island National Park in the Province of P.E.I.. It is likely that C. dietrichi

will be found in Ontario in future because it is also known from Manitoba and Saskatchewan

(Bohart 1976).

Ectemnius paucimaculatus (Packard, 1866). — Harrington (1902, as Xestocrabro

paucimaculatus Say) recorded one female from the Ottawa area. Misidentification of E. stirpicola

(Packard).

Nysson rusticus Cresson, 1882. — Provancher (1887) recorded one female of this western

species from Ottawa (specimen in ULQC). Misidentification of N. gagates Bradley.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Nysson trichrus (Mickel, 1916). — Recorded from Ontario as Nysson nigripes Provancher,

1887 (a preoccupied name) by Harrington (1902). This name was later incorrectly synonymized

with N. trichrus (Mickel) (Bohart and Menke 1976). It is in fact a synonym of N. gagates Bradley

(Buck, in prep.). All previous Canadian records of N. trichrus (e.g., Finnamore 1982) are referable

to N. gagates.

Epinysson opulentus (Gerstaecker). — This species has frequently been confused with

Epinysson tramosericus (Viereck) (see note under this species in the section on species newly

recorded from Ontario) and many literature records actually refer to the latter. Krombein’s (1979)

catalogue listing of E. opulentus from the Upper Austral zone in Canada is apparently based on

misidentified material as no specimens were found in collections. Epinysson opulentus seems to

be restricted to the southern U.S. (Buck, in prep.).

Bembix fasciata Fabricius, 1804.—This name is a questionable synonym of B. texana Cresson,

1872, a species from the southern United States (Krombein 1979). Walker (1913) recorded this

species from Toronto. Two males from Brodie’s collection at the CNCI (without identification

label) are B. americana spinolae Lepeletier and are probably the specimens Walker referred to.

Philanthus pulcher Dalla Torre, 1897. — D.B. McCorquodale reported this species from the

Port Franks area, Lambton County (Skevington et al. 2001). A series of 180'C" and 169 9 in the

Guelph collection bearing his determination label was re-examined and consists of Ph. politus Say

and 10% of Ph. lepidus Cresson.

Aphilanthops subfrigidus Dunning, 1898. — _D.B. McCorquodale recorded this species from

Port Franks, Lambton County (Skevington et al. 2001). One male (labelled “A. subfrigidus?” in

D.B.M.’s handwriting) was found in the Guelph collection. It belongs to A. frigidus Smith.

Misidentifications and errors in previous papers

The following species of spheciform wasps were misidentified from Ontario in previous papers

(besides the ones already mentioned in the previous section):

Harrington (1902), specimens deposited in CNCI:

Mimumesa propinqua (Kincaid) [as Mimesa borealis Smith]. — misidentified Mimesa pauper

Packard (29 9).

Rhopalum pedicellatum Packard. — misidentified Rh. coarctatum Scopoli (40'°C" 49 9).

Rhopalum rufigaster Packard. — misidentified Rh. pedicellatum Packard (19).

Crossocerus minimus (Packard). — misidentified C. Jentus (Fox) (40°C" 19).

Ectemnius atriceps (Cresson) [as E. corrugatus (Packard)]. — misidentified E. borealis

(Zetterstedt) (30°C 19).

Ectemnius decemmaculatus (Say) [as Pseudocrabro chrysarginus (Lepeletier)]. — misidentified

E. arcuatus (Say) (60°C).

Gorytes canaliculatus Packard [as Hoplisus]. — misidentified G. atricornis Packard (40°C

Eas 3 3

Cerceris clypeata Dahlbom. — misidentified C. prominens Banks (19).

Walker (1913). Most of Walker’s data is based on William Brodie’s regional collection from

the Toronto area, one of the most important historical collections of Ontario sphecids. Most of the

material is deposited at the ROME but the CNCI has specimens with identical label style and

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

handwriting (but lacking labels “Wm. Brodie Collection” present on most specimens at the ROME).

It appears that Brodie’s collection was split taxonomically between the two museums. For instance,

all Crabronini are housed at the ROME but the CNCI apparently received all the Nyssonini and

Bembicini.

Mimumesa nigra (Packard) [as Psen]. — misidentified Pemphredon inornata Say (10) and

Lyroda subita (Say) (1C’).

Passaloecus cuspidatus Smith [as P. mandibularis (Cresson)]. — misidentified P. annulatus

(Say) (1Q).

Trypoxylon clavatum Say. — misidentified T. frigidum Smith (30°C 1).

Crabro advena Smith [as C. pegasus (Packard)]. — misidentified C. argusinus Bohart (10).

Cerceris clypeata Dahlbom. — The only specimen (a male) that was found in the ROME

collection is labelled "Penn." [= Pennsylvania]. It is possible that the species was erroneously

reported from Toronto.

Brown (1934), specimens deposited in ROME:

Podalonia violaceipennis (Lepeletier). — misidentified P. robusta (Cresson) (1).

Ectemnius atriceps (Cresson) [as Solenius corrugatus (Packard)]. — misidentified E. borealis

(Zetterstedt) (20°C).

Ceropales bipunctata Say [as Euspongia bipunctata] (Pompilidae). — misidentified Alysson

conicus Provancher (19).

Blades & Marshall (1994), specimens deposited in DEBU:

Mimumesa leucopus (Say). — misidentified M. propinqua (Kincaid) (1C' 29 Q).

Trypoxylon figulus (L.).— misidentified T. attenuatum Smith (19). In Ontario T. figu/us appears

to be restricted to the eastern part of the province. Records from other parts of Ontario (i.e., Sugar

et al. 1998) are doubtful.

Trypoxylon pennsylvanicum Saussure. — Among 28 recorded specimens all but one were

misidentified T. attenuatum Smith.

Ectemnius ruficornis (Zetterstedt). — misidentified E. arcuatus (Say) (2 Q).

Discussion

The present study records 2 species in 2 genera of Ampulicidae, 28 species in 11 genera of

Sphecidae, and 248 species in 57 genera of Crabronidae from Ontario. Within the Crabronidae the

highest diversity is found in the subfamily Crabroninae (117 species, incl. Larrinae), followed by

the Pemphredoninae (55 species), Bembicinae (40 species), Philanthinae (29 species) and Astatinae

(7 species). The genera Podium, Ammoplanus, Pison, Entomognathus, Oryttus and Stictia are new

records for Canada; the genera Pseneo, Diploplectron, Didineis, Clitemnestra, and Lestiphorus are

recorded for first time from Ontario. One hundred and fourteen species (41.0%) of the total of 278

species are recorded for the first time from Ontario, 53 of which (19.1%) are also newly recorded

for Canada, including one new record for the Nearctic Region. Seventy species (25.3%) are not

known from any other Canadian province or territory besides Ontario. Eight species (2.9%) are

introductions from other biogeographic regions (see the following section).

New species records are also provided for the following Canadian provinces and territories:

Labrador (1 species), New Brunswick (4 species), Quebec (8 species), Saskatchewan (5 species),

Alberta (5 species), British Columbia (5 species), Yukon Territory (1 species) and Northwest

Territories (1 species).

fs)

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Distribution of Ontario Sphecids

The distribution of Ontario sphecids is shown in Table I. About 9% of the species have a

Holarctic distribution (excl. introduced species) and are transcontinental in North America, another

35% are transcontinental but restricted to the New World. Approximately 40% occur only east of

the Rocky Mountains in North America; ca. 12% range further westward into the mountain ranges

of western North America but without reaching British Columbia or the Pacific states of the U.S..

In the following some interesting distribution patterns are discussed:

Species with mainly western distribution and western disjuncts. Several mainly western

species reach the eastern limit of their known range in eastern Canada. Most of these species

follow a distribution pattern that covers the western part of the U.S. and a large part of Canada,

sometimes including adjacent areas of the northeastern U.S.. In a few species the eastern populations

appear to be far removed from the closest known western population, creating the appearance of a

broadly disjunct range. Undoubtedly, in many cases these gaps are merely sampling artefacts.

However, there appear to be a few examples of species with genuinely disjunct ranges. Different

types of distribution patterns in western species are compared below.

Primarily western with scattered populations in east: Philanthus albopilosus. This species is

widespread in the western U.S (Rocky Mtn. States east to Texas; Krombein 1979). In the eastern

Nearctic the species is rare with very localized populations as far east as Michigan (rare on Lower

Peninsula; Dreisbach 1945), Ohio (Krombein 1979), New York (Evans 1975b; Kurczewski 1998c)

and Ontario (Essex County, Norfolk County, formerly Grey County). In Ontario Ph. albopilosus

deserves attention for its isolated occurrence and the vulnerability of its populations: the species

inhabits areas with broad expanses of bare, fine-grained sand. Former localities in Essex County

(Leamington) and Grey County (Hepworth Dunes) have changed drastically since the species was

last collected there and no specimens could be found at the latter in 2003.

Apparent disjuncts: Prionyx canadensis, Diploplectron peglowi, Tachysphex aethiops, T.

alpestris, T. semirufus, Mellinus abdominalis, Nysson hesperus, Stizoides renicinctus, Stictiella

emarginata. Based on previously published distributional data the eastern populations of these

species appear to be more or less isolated from the main, western part of. their range. The most

pronounced apparent ‘disjuncts’ are Diploplectron peglowi and Nysson hesperus, which show gaps

of more than a thousand of kilometres between the Ontario populations and the closest known

western populations (N. hesperus: Wyoming; D. peglowi: Yukon and Northwest Territories).

However, a recent study of their distribution reveals the gaps to be sampling artefacts: Nysson

hesperus was newly discovered in collections taken in Manitoba and Saskatchewan (Buck, in prep.),

linking eastern and western populations, and Diploplectron peglowi was found in Saskatchewan

about half-way between the known eastern and western Canadian populations. For other species of

this group a continuous distribution has not yet been demonstrated but appears very likely.

Genuine disjuncts: Ammoplanus lenape, Solierella levis, Trypoxylon bidentatum, T. sculleni.

These species appear to have a truly disjunct distribution with widely separated eastern and western

populations. In the case of the two Trypoxylon species this is probably due to accidental introduction

to the eastern Nearctic. Because of their wood-nesting habits species of this genus are prone to be

accidentally shipped to new locations. In fact, most of the crabronid species introduced from the

Palaearctic region belong to this genus (see below). Both T. bidentatum and T. sculleni are known

from a single specimen only in the eastern Nearctic and have apparently remained very localized

or were unable to establish permanent populations. The disjunct range of the other two species

appears to be natural. Ammoplanus lenape has been divided into an eastern and a western subspecies,

both of which are known from two localities only. Further research is necessary to elucidate the

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

biogeography of this diminutive, cryptic species. Eastern and western populations of Solierella

levis show only very slight morphological differences, which nonetheless appear to be consistent.

The eastern populations of this species were only discovered during this study and the distribution

in the eastern Nearctic deserves further investigation.

Northern species. Most spheciform wasps are warmth-loving and there are few genuinely

northern species. Unfortunately, the sphecid fauna of the Hudsonian and northern Canadian life

zone in Ontario is still practically unstudied because of the inaccessibility of the region. Only four

northern species were found in Ontario so far: Mimumesa clypeata, M. atratina, an undescribed

species of Mimumesa (sp. A), and Passaloecus borealis. The three described species appear to be

transcontinental in boreal North America (Finnamore 1997; Buck, in prep.). Mimumesa clypeata

and Passaloecus borealis have also been recorded from mountain ranges of the western U.S. as far

south as New Mexico and California. All four species are probably near the southern limit of their

range at the newly recorded localities in northern Ontario.

Introduced species. Eight Ontario sphecid species have been accidentally introduced to North

America, including five species recorded here for the first time from the province (Pemphredon

morio, Passaloecus gracilis, Trypoxylon attenuatum, T. kolazyi, Pison koreense). An additional

three species (Pemphredon rugifer, Rhopalum coarctatum, Ectemnius cephalotes) show an eastern

Nearctic/Palaearctic distribution and were probably also introduced to the Nearctic. Six species

originated from the western Palaearctic region; only one species, Pison agile, was introduced from

the eastern Palaearctic or Oriental region (area of origin unknown for the trans-Palaearctic species

Pemphredon morio, P. rugifer, Trypoxylon figulus, and Rhopalum coarctatum). The oldest

introductions are apparently Pemphredon rugifer, Trypoxylon figulus, Rhopalum coarctatum and

Ectemnius cephalotes, which have been known from North America for well over a century. The

most recent introduction appears to be Pemphredon morio, which is recorded here for the first time

from the Nearctic Region. All introduced species have remained restricted to eastern North America,

with Passaloecus gracilis and Rhopalum coarctatum ranging farthest to the west. Some species

occupy a fairly small range like Trypoxylon figulus, which apparently has not spread beyond the

New England States, Quebec and eastern Ontario (Pulawski (1984); southern Ontario records are

probably misidentifications of T. frigidum). Furthermore, there are distinct differences of abundance

between introduced species: Trypoxylon kolazyi, for instance, remains a very rare species and is

not known from recent material (see discussion under this species) while other species in the same

genus (T. clavicerum, T. attenuatum) have become well established. At many localities in southern

Ontario Trypoxylon attenuatum has become the most common species of the genus.

Most of the introduced species of sphecids nest in borings in wood, hollow stems and similar

situations. The only exception is Oxybelus bipunctatus, which nests in sandy soil. This species is

thought to have arrived in North America with ship ballast or molding sand (Kurczewski 1998b).

Zonality of the provincial fauna. Table II gives an overview of the Ontario distribution of

the newly recorded species by county/region/district. Many counties/regions are still poorly studied

but comparison of the better studied areas show some general trends: As could be expected the

highest number of new records was found in counties of southwestern Ontario. This part of the

province forms the northernmost expanse of the Carolinian life zone, which harbours many insect

species not known from elsewhere in Canada. About 35 of Ontario’s species (12.6%) are restricted

to the Carolinian part of the province. The highest number of Carolinian species (26) was found in

Essex County, which also had the highest total number of new Ontario records (63). The counties

with the second and third highest number of new records (Norfolk: 38; Kent: 33) are also located

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

within the Carolinian life zone. Other counties within this life zone are still poorly studied and

their species numbers are not representative. The highest numbers of newly recorded species from

counties in the Transition life zone were 30 (Wellington) and 24 (Carleton). Wellington County

borders the Carolinian life zone and some species with mainly Carolinian distribution (e.g.,

Ammophila pictipennis, Trypoxylon politum) reach the northern limit of their range here. Expectedly,

species diversity continues to drop further northward: the best-studied district of the Canadian life

zone (Thunder Bay District) reached a total of merely 15 new provincial records. Almost no data is

available for sphecids from the Hudsonian life zone in Ontario.

Conclusions and Outlook

It is hoped that this checklist will stimulate further research on the spheciform wasps of Ontario.

Vast areas of the province are still very poorly studied, including the Niagara Peninsula, parts of

eastern Ontario and most of the Canadian and the Hudsonian life zones. Even for the better-known

areas further surprising findings can be expected in future. The results presented in this paper

reveal a far higher diversity of spheciform wasps in Ontario than was initially expected. Many of

the rarer species are restricted to the southern part of the province and among them some are

restricted to habitat types (e.g., oak savannah, relict prairie, dunes) that are scarce and vulnerable.

Other species have not been collected in Ontario in recent times (e.g., Prionyx canadensis, Astata

bakeri, Oxybelus inornatus, Synnevrus aurinotus, Stizoides renicinctus, Oryttus gracilis, Cerceris

compacta, C. nitidoides, C. prominens, Eucerceris zonata) and their current status in the province

is uncertain. Among these Stizoides renicinctus and Cerceris prominens have not been collected

for a century or more. The habitat requirements and biology of some of the possibly endangered

species still remains largely unknown und further research is necessary in order to develop effective

conservation plans.

Acknowledgements

I would like to thank J.T. Huber (CNCI), C. Darling (ROME), L. Packer (York University,

Toronto), T.D. Galloway (EDUM), R.A. Cannings (BCPM), T. Thormin (PMAE), G. Wagner

(ULQC), T. Wheeler (LEMQ), M. Mello (USNM), E. Riley (TAMU), B. Arnal (Waterloo, Ont.)

and H. Duggan (Stratford, Ont.) for the opportunity to study material under their care. A.V. Antropov

(Zoological Museum of Moscow State University) is thanked for contributing two new records

based on CNCI material currently on loan to him. FE. Kurczewski (Syracuse, New York), H.S.

Court and W.J. Pulawski (both CASC) kindly provided additional specimen data from their

collections. H. Goulet (CNCI) contributed two records based on photographs taken by him. A.V.

Antropov (Zoological Museum of Moscow State University), W.J. Pulawski, H.S. Court, and A.S.

Menke (Ammophila Research Institute, Bisbee, AZ) are thanked for their help with verifying the

identification of certain specimens. W.J. Pulawski also helped with questions of classification and

by providing instructive criticism on various topics. The important task of identifying the prey of

many wasps was undertaken in large part by S.M. Paiero (University of Guelph), and by D.L.

Johnson (Agriculture Canada, Lethbridge). Ontario Parks and Parks Canada are thanked for

permission to collect in protected areas (Provincial Parks and Natures Reserves, National Parks).

Several members of the Guelph Insect Systematics Lab greatly advanced this project through focused

and efficient field work, especially S.M. Paiero who collected material of many rare species, and

S.A. Marshall. S.A. Marshall (University of Guelph) is furthermore thanked for his encouragement

and support of the project and helpful comments on this manuscript. The author’s work is funded

through a NSERC Major Facilities Access Grant to S.A. Marshall.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

ONTARIO NEST-BUILDING BEES OF THE TRIBE ANTHIDIINI

(HYMENOPTERA, MEGACHILIDAE)

TATIANA ROMANKOVA

Entomology, Centre for Biodiversity & Conservation Biology,

Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park,

Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 2C6

E-mail: tatianar@rom.on.ca

Abstract J. ent. Soc. Ont. 134: 85-89

Five species of nest-building Anthidiini are reported from Ontario, including

three species of Anthidium Fabricius, and one species each of Dianthidium

Cockerell and Anthidiellum Cockerell. A key to identification of males and

females is presented, along with descriptions, notes about their biology, and

locality records. Anthidiellum oblongatun (Latreille), A. psoraleae (Robertson)

and Anthidiellum notatum (Cockerell) are recorded from Ontario for the first

time.

| Introduction

The tribe Anthidiini is represented in Ontario by three genera of nest-building bees — Anthidium

Fabricius, Dianthidium Cockerell, and Anthidiellum Cockerell, - and one genus of cleptoparasitic

bees — Stelis Panzer, which will be treated in another report. Little is known about nest-building

Anthidiini in Ontario. Examination of specimens in several Ontario insect collections revealed the

presence of five species of nest-building Anthidiini in Ontario. Of these, Anthidium manicatum

(L.), which was recorded for the first time for Ontario from Freelton and Guelph (Smith 1991), is

widespread in southern Ontario. The few specimens of A. oblongatum (Illiger) and Anthidiellum

notatum (Latreille) have been collected in Ontario only recently (1999, 2002) in the regions where

special collecting has been provided regularly; the widely distributed A. psoraleae (Robertson)

and Dianthidium simile (Cresson) are represented in the collections only from the separate areas.

As a consequence, it is evident that further collection is necessary to determine the distribution of

the described species, particularly on their northern periphery. The purpose of this report is to

make possible the accurate recognition of these species, and bring up to date the information

concerning their presence in Ontario.

Materials and Methods

A total of 120 specimens of nest-building Anthidiini were examined from the Entomology

collections at the Royal Ontario Museum (ROME), University of Guelph (DEBU), and Canadian

National Collection of Insects (CNCI). Morphological characteristics, flight period and dis-

tributional data on the species are based on specimens from these collections. Morphological terms

used in this paper are defined and illustrated in Michener (2000). Identifications were made or

confirmed using Mitchell (1960, 1962) and Michener (2000). Overall geographical distributions

of the species in North America are based on Hurd (1979) and Hoebeke and Wheeler (1999).

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Family Megachilidae

The Megachilidae is represented in Ontario by over 60 species, all of which belong to the

subfamily Megachilinae, and are distributed among four genera of Anthidiini, four of Osmiini,

and two of Megachilini (MacKay and Knerer 1979; Ivanochko 1979). Females of nest building

species of Megachilidae are recognized by the scopa located on the ventral part of metasoma.

Nests are made from mineral or plant material collected by the adult female outside the nest.

Tribe Anthidiini

Anthidiini are easily distinguished from other megachilid bees of the local fauna by the black

integument with conspicuous yellow maculation on body parts other than legs. The stigma is short,

its inner margin not much longer than its width.

Key to the nest-building Anthidiini of Ontario

1. Aroliae present. Female mandible with at most 4 teeth. Nest cells made from resin. ......... 2

- Aroliae absent. Female with mandible with at least 5 teeth. Nest cells made from plant hairs.

Anthidtiatrs PAD VACHUS 550.02. caset eek. sas Reseed Rodectea clas tuescaantstebinsgncedend speak yoecaea aaa 3

2. Scutellum with hind margin produced to form a carinate and broadly truncate lip over-hanging

posterior surface of propodeum. Anterior margin of pronotal lobes not extending along anterior

border of scutum, not expended, not carinate. Hind coxae without tooth .............ceeeeeeeeee

tet Stelistnn ainsi veh bp abbas Citiaaitbenb apaeasincigva MSR bcNtahiaaaaien Anthidiellum notatum (Latreille)

- Scutellum with hind margin round, not overhanging propodeum. Anterior margin of pronotal

lobes broadly expended, conspicuously carinate, extending along anterior border of scutum.

Hind coxae with long tooth, directed posteriorly. ................. Dianthidium simile (Cresson)

3. Scutum carinate laterally, produced posteriorly, forming a tooth. Male tergum 7 bilobed, without

median tooth. Bedy length 8-9 samals).ias..3d2. pc ealinas deat A. oblongatum (Latreille)

- Scutum not carinate laterally, without teeth. Male tergum 7 with median tooth. ................. 4

4. Female clypeus with fore edge straight, with 3 small lateral teeth, separated from the remaining

part of clypeus by a groove; face, mandibles, and scutum black, without yellow marks; legs

mostly black; mandible with second tooth longer than the third one. Male tergum 7 bilobed,

with median apical tooth. Body length 8-11 mm. ......................08. A. psoraleae (Robertson)

- Female clypeus with fore edge arcuate, tuberculate, not separated from rest of clypeus; face,

mandibles, and scutum with yellow marks; legs mostly yellow; mandible with second tooth

shorter than the third one. Male tergum 7 with long, curved downwards lateral teeth, and

shorter, slender mid tooth. Body length 11-17 mm. ...............:cc::eceeeeeeeees A. manicatum (L.)

Annotated list of the Anthidiini bees in Ontario collections

1. Anthidium manicatum (L.)

Female mandible with tooth 2 shorter than 3, teeth 3 and 4 close to one another. Yellow

coloration is on mandibles, paraocular area, marks on vertex, antero-lateral margins of scutum,

pronotal lobes, tegulae, axillae, scutellum, and legs. Terga 1-6 with wide interrupted bands not

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

enlarged laterally; terga with deep and dense puncture of irregular size on basal part. Scutellum

with apical emargination. Body length 11-13 mm.

Male tergum 6 with long, curved, lateral tooth. Clypeus yellow with black base. Tibiae and

basitarsi yellow. Terga 1-6 with yellow bands, on sides with long, erect, orange hair brush. Body

length 14-17 mm.

Flight period in Ontario: June - September. Palaearctic. US (New York, Pennsylvania), South

America, Canary Islands.

Material. Cochrane Co.: Hungry Hollow, 17.VIII.1994, 9, Rider (DEBU). Northumberland

Co.: Murray Hills, 1.1X.2002,c’, S. Paiero (DEBU); Hamilton, 29.IX.94, 30’, Patterson; 3-

22. VIII.1992, 32, 20’, Stachys officinalis, Salvia farinacea Skevington (DEBU). York Co.: Toronto,

Humber River, 12.VI-4.IX. 1999, 229; 1.VI-18.VIII.1999, 190’, Vicia sp., T. Romankova;

28.VII.1992, 20°, Monardia sp. (ROME). Willington Co.: Rockwood, 1.VIII.1992,0%, Stachys

byzantina, 1. Smith (DEBU). Halton Co.: Burlington, Kerns Road, 12. VII.1997,0, Crins (DEBU).

Wellington Co.: Guelph, 15-23.VII.1994, 22 , 20", Coote (ROME); 6.VI.1998,9 , J. Daley;

17.1X.1995,2, Lauro; 20. VII.1994,0', J. Dow; 7.VIII.1994,0", Rios; 17.VIII.1993,c", Caloren;

20.1X.1993,0, Bicney; 5.VIII.1992,0%, Stachys byzantina, I. Smith; 14.V1.1991,92,, 20%, I. Smith;

7.VIII.1991,0%7; 5.VII.1990, 30”, Stachys olimpica. I. Smith (DEBU). Wentworth Co.: Freelton,

25.VII.1992,9,0', I. Smith; 23.VI.1984,0", Kassera (DEBU). Brant Co.: Brantford,

24. VIII.2002. 2,0, S. Paiero (DEBU). Middlesex Co.: Komoka, 11.VII.2001,0", S. Paiero (DEBU).

Essex Co.: Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 12-13.[X.2002,2,0", M. Buck (DEBU).

2. A. oblongatum (Latreille)

Female. Pronotal lobe with carina elevated to form a lamella. Tergum 6 concave in profile.

Clypeus with slightly incurved anterior margin, yellow, with a pair of black spots on the base.

Mandibles multidentate, with big first, three mid-size, and six small teeth. Terga 1-6 with yellow

bands slightly interrupted medially; terga on basal half, within yellow marks, with large confluent

pits wider separated on mid black part of disc; posterior half of terga with smaller pits with linear

interspaces; impunctate margin of terga narrower than base of antennal flagellum.

Male. Tergum 7 bilobed, without mid tooth. Tergum 6 with long lateral and small central

apical teeth. Clypeus completely yellow. Terga 1-7 with yellow bands. Body length 8-9 mm.

Flight period in Ontario: August. Palearctic. U.S.: Maryland, New Jersey, New York,

Pennsylvania.

Material. Essex Co.: Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 26.VIII.2002,2, M. Buck; Windsor,

Springarden Road, 27. VIII.2002,9 0°, M. Buck (DEBU).

3. A. psoraleae (Robertson)

Female. Mandibles with tooth 2 longer than 3; tooth 3 and 4 separated with wide emargination.

Clypeus completely punctured, diameter of pits greater than interspaces. Yellow marks on temples,

tegulae, and knees. Terga 1-5 with narrow yellow bands, enlarged on sides, narrowly interrupted

medially; terga 1-5 basal part shiny, finely punctured with pits much smaller than distances between

them. Scutellum posteriorly around, not emarginated. Middle tibiae with anterior apical tooth.

Male. Clypeus yellow with two small black basal marks; yellow space between clypeus and

eye extended to antennae. Mandibles and basitarsi yellow. Yellow body marks variable in size and

shape, usually present on tegulae, knees, and terga 1-5. Tergum 6 black, with strong lateral tooth.

Body length 8-11 mm.

Flight period in Ontario: June - July. U.S.: North Dakota, Colorado, Illinois, Michigan,

Maryland.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Material. Rainy River District: Atikokan, 22.5 km E HWY11, 3.VII.1978,0%, H. Teskey

(CNCI). Thunder Bay District: 24. VI.1984,9 , Prideau, R. Jaagumagi (ROME); Silver Islet, Sibley

Peninsula, 18.VII.1861,C¢ , H. Milliron (CNCI). Kenora District: 8-16 km N Kenora,

13.VII.1961,92, H. Milliron (CNCI).

4. Dianthidium simile (Cresson)

Female. Mandibles 3-toothed, black; clypeus with straight margin, a pair of yellow marks,

and punctures greater than interspaces. Yellow coloration is on paraocular area, temple patches,

pronotal lobes, tegulae, axillae, on fore margin of scutum, tibiae outer surface, tibial spurs, terga

1-5 bands.

Male. Yellow coloration on paraocular area, mandibles, clypeus, patches on temples, tubercles,

axillae, anterior margin of scutum, scutellum, terga 1-5 bands, tergum 7, tips of femur, and outer

surface of tibiae. Tergum 7 bilobed, with longitudinal middle ridge. Body length 9-10 mm. Nests

in wood, cells made from resin.

Flight period in Ontario: July - August. From Manitoba to Atlantic, south to Georgia.

Material. Sudbury District: Sudbury, 18.VIII.1889,2,c7; 21.VII.1889, o (CNCI).

Haliburton Co. & Muskoka District: Dorset, 1.IX.1976, 22, D. Pengelly (DEBU). Parry Sound:

Trout Creek, 3.VIII.1978,0', I. Smith (DEBU). Nipissing District: Algonquin Park,

19. VIII.2002, 9 ,o’, M. Buck (DEBU). Carleton Co.: Shirley’s Bay, 22. VII.1985,2,0", Sunborne;

5-19. VIII.1985, 20", Sunborne (CNCI); Ottawa, 3.VIII.1955,0", Tasehareau; 7.VII. 1913,9, F.

Sladen (CNCI). Lanark Co.: N. Burgess Twp., 24.VIII.1972,2, Wood (CNCI). Victoria Co.:

Carden, 23.VII.1979,9, Catling (ROME). Northumberland Co.: Brighton, 17-20. VII.1956, 2c"

(CNCI). Durham Co: Port Hope, 28-VII.1913, 2, F. Sladen (CNCI). Bruce Co.: Dyers Bay,

12.VIII.1952,0", D. Pengelly (DEBU). Wellington Co.: Guelph, IX.1913,0’, Bunrons (CNCI).

Norfolk Co.: Manester Tract, 6 km NNW St. Williams, 25.VII.2000, 52, M. Buck (DEBU).

5. Anthidiellum notatum (Latreille)

Female. Yellow coloration on wide space on clypeus, paraocular area, stripe along preoccipital

ridge, pronotal lobes, tibiae and tarsi, axillae, antero-lateral margin of scutum; tergum 1 lateral

patches, tergum 2 narrowly interrupted band, terga 3-5 paramedial pair patches yellow. Male.

Tergum 7 with apical margin sinuate. Yellow coloration similar to female, with additional marks

on mandibles, clypeus, supraclypeal area, terga 3-5 lateral marks, terga 6 and 7 apical bands.

Wings dark. Body length 7 - 8 mm. Nests consisting of resin, cells are constructed in the open.

Flight period in Ontario: July — August. From Pacific to Atlantic, from British Columbia to

California and Florida.

Material. Halton Co.: Hilton Falls, 16.VII.1999,9 , T. Romankova; Bruce Trail near Speyside,

12. VIII.1999, 9,0", T. Romankova (ROME). Peel Co.: Terra Cotta, 17. VII.1999,c’, T. Romankova

(ROME). Brant Co.: Brantford, 12.VII.2002,0’, S. Paiero (DEBU).

Acknowledgements

I am grateful to Drs. D. Currie and C. Darling, Royal Ontario Museum, S. Marshall and M.

Buck, University of Guelph, and J. Huber, Canadian National Collection, who made their collections

available to me. My special thanks to Dr. H. Frania for his encouragement and constructive

recommendations. I would like to express my appreciation to the associate editor and the anonymous

reviewer for their time, functional comments, and approval of the work done. I am thankful to the

members of the Board of Directors for providing me with assistance for this publication.

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

References

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(Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) new to the North America, and new North American records

for another adventive species, A. manicatum (L.). University of Kansas Natural History

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Smith, and B. D. Burks, eds., Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Vol.2.

Washington, Smithsonian Institution Press. 2209 pp.

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bees — genus Megachile Latreille (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae). Thesis (M.SC.) Montreal:

McGill University. 378 pp.

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Press. 913pp.

Mitchell, T. B. 1960. Bees of the eastern United States, 1. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment

Station Technical Bulletin no. 141. 538 pp.

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record. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Ontario, 122: 105-108.

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

BEES OF GENUS COLLETES OF ONTARIO

(HYMENOPTERA, APOIDEA, COLLETIDAE)

TATIANA ROMANKOVA

Entomology, Centre for Biodiversity & Conservation Biology,

Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park,

Toronto, Ontario, Canada, MSS 2C6

(e-mail: tatianar@rom.on.ca)

Abstract J. ent. Soc. Ont. 134: 91-106

Sixteen species of Colletes are reported from Ontario, seven of these, C.

aberrans, C. aestivalis, C. hyalinus, C. latitarsis, C.thoracicus, C. validus, and C.

wilmattae, are new records for the province. The Colletes flight period in Ontario

begins in early April. The peak of diversity is in July-August. Identification

keys for males and for females are given to identify Ontario species.

Introduction

There has been no systematic study of Colletes in Ontario. A few records are scattered in the

literature (e.g., MacKay and Knerer 1979). Thus, the opportunity to study this group of bees from

the largest bee collections of eastern Canada was most welcome. I present the first annotated list of

Ontario Colletes. Species identification keys by males and females are given.

Material Examined

All material is deposited in the entomological collections of the Royal Ontario Museum

(ROME), University of Guelph (DEBU), and Canadian National Collection of Insects (CNCI).

Morphological characteristics, flight period and distribution data on the species are based on

specimens from these collections. Distribution records from outside Ontario are given according

to literature records (Hurd 1979). Morphological terms used in this paper are defined and illustrated

in Michener (2000).

More than 1200 specimens were identified using Mitchell (1960 and 1962) and Stephen (1954).

All existing determinations in the collections studied were checked.

Family Colletidae

Holarctic Colletidae are recognized by their short, truncate, bilobed glossa, and subantennal

suture meeting the antennal socket at its inner side. Nest cells are lined with cellophane-like material.

The family Colletidae is represented in Ontario by both holarctic genera — Colletes Latreille

and Hylaeus Fabricius. They are a common element of the local bee fauna.

Genus Colletes Latreille

Species of Colletes are medium to large in size (7 — 14 mm), with females generally being

larger than males of the same species. Integument black, weakly to moderate sculptured. Pubescence

abundant on head, thorax, and legs, mostly white and tawny in colour, sometimes with dark hairs

on tergal discs, or admixed on head or dorsal surface of body. Metasoma of both males and females

almost conical, with white hair bands, in female without pygidial and prepygidial fimbriae. Fore

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

wing with three submarginal cells and outwardly arcuate posterior part of the second recurrent

vein. The last feature alone is sufficient to separate bees of this genus from any other.

Colletes nest in the ground, the cell lining and closure are of a cellophane-like material, the

food provision is liquid, and the egg is attached to the upper wall of the cell (Michener 2000).

Data on hand indicates that there are 16 species of Colletes in Ontario, 7 of which are newly

recorded for the province. At least 3 species that occur in adjacent areas are expected for Ontario:

C. banksi Swenk, C. brevicornis Robertson, and C. mandibularis Smith.

Flight activity of Colletes species begins in early April (Figurel). Through July — August

Colletes abundance and diversity are at a peak; 14 species nest at that time. Half of these species

disappear only with colder September weather.

45°

mC. aberrans

® C. aestivalis

* C. americanus?

FIGURE 1. Ontario collection localities of Colletes: C. aberrans, C. aestivalis, C. americanus.

Key to Colletes species of Ontario

Species new for Ontario are designated by an asterisk.

The species descriptions, following m-dash in couplets, involve only the characteristics, which are

most important for the recognition of the particular species.

The abbreviations are as followed: F — flagellar segment, T — tergum, S — sternum; administrative

subdivisions, states, provinces, and territories, are given according to the recent standards.

Female. Antennae of 12 segments. Clypeal sculpture not hidden by pubescence.

Metasoma and legs are more robust than in males.

1. Facial fovea maximal width 1.5 — 2.5 times maximal width of scape. Pronotum angulate,

without long spines, length of spine not exceed its basal Width. .............c:cccccsseeseeeseeeeeeseeneees 2

- Facial fovea width equal to or less than maximal width of scape. Pronotum angulate or

SPUNOSE . Foe ociccncennvsuvcansnesinevacinnelitn phage teat ehnen allbeest feattataom cigar 6

2. Metapleura with dorsal carinate projection frequently with testaceous margin. Pubescence

completely pale, without dark hairs. — Genal area shorter than eye width. F1 equal to F2 on

longer side. Malar area linear. Clypeus slightly convex, shiny, with deep punctures

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

longitudinally confluent. Supraclypeal area shagreened, with punctures small and deep. Facial

fovea with maximum width twice apical width of scape, triangular. Propodeum postero-laterally

tessellate, finely rugose, mid triangle shiny. Scutum with punctures close, deep, their diameter

larger than interspaces, with impunctate area posteriorly. Scutellum anteriorly shiny,

impunctate. T1 shiny, puncture diameter much less than interspaces, medially punctures scarce.

T2 and T3 with punctures small, dense. Hind basitarsi 5 times as long as wide. Body length 8

— 10 mm. ON: VIII-X. Southern Canada; SD, KS, south to FL. ..... C. americanus Cresson

- Metapleura without dorsal carinate projection. Pubescence with dark hairs. .......00....0000..00. 3

3. Hind basitarsi 2—2.5 times as long as wide. Genal area 2/3 times as long as eye width. - F1

about twice as long as F2. Clypeus elongate, striate, with longitudinal median impression.

Facial fovea twice as wide as scape, subtriangular, with a few small punctures. Malar area

linear. Pronotum with short spines. Scutum and scutellum evenly punctured, diameter of

punctures greater than space between them, pubescence short, plumose, widely black.

Mesopleura with punctures less than diameter apart. T1 —T3 with punctures deep, round, less

than diameter apart, discs with deep, short, black, erect hairs. Body length 9 mm. ON: VII-IX.

Bert WV ree Ae, BOGE TOP racic liislidilad. wlan *C. latitarsis Robertson

- Hind basitarsi 3-3.5 times as long as wide. Genal area as long as eye width. ...................0.. 4

4. Terga without white hair bands. — F1 on shorter side equal to F2. Clypeus with close,

longitudinally confluent punctures, with basal, median, longitudinal, narrow groove. Facial

foveae twice as wide as scape, almost reach ocellus. Thorax on back side with short, plumose,

dense, yellow pubescence. Scutum dull, with deep punctures, less than diameter apart,

posteriorly interspaces greater. Malar area linear. Mesopleura shagreened, diameter of punctures

greater than interspaces, on lower half pits greater, deeper, interspaces flat. Propodeum with

posterior surface transversally wrinkled on sides, longitudinally wrinkled on basal part, smooth

only on small central triangular area. Legs with dark hairs. T1 shiny, with punctures shallow,

5 and more diameters apart. T2 and T3 with punctures equal to or much greater than puncture

diameter apart. T4 —T6 with erect black hairs. Sterna without apical white hair fringe. Hind

tarsi 3 times as long as wide. Body length 14 mm. NY, MA, OK, south to FL.

ET 1A 00 ape es eee ed ene eee ee *C. thoracicus Smith

eee eee Ween ey mene? SrAtE Wabi 122 282092..1.2. AAU, ER CIA sania aeteedeeenns 5

5. T1 shiny, punctures almost invisible. Sterna with scopal hairs short, yellowish. — F1 1.5-2

times as long as F2 on shorter side. Clypeus with irregular size, longitudinally confluent

punctures. Facial fovea twice as wide as scape, triangular, with smooth, milky surface. Malar

area linear, length about 1/4 of width. Genal area equal to eye width. Head between eye and

ocelli not impressed. Scutum polished, with punctures one to five diameters apart, disc

impunctate. Tegulae dark-brown. Mesopleura shiny, with puncture diameters greater or equal

to interspaces, posteriorly punctures smaller, more than apart. Propodeum postero-laterally

shagreened, wrinkled. Head, thorax, and legs without dark hairs. T2 and T3 polished, punctures

minute. T3 — T5 with erect, black hairs. T6 with deep yellow hairs. Hind basitarsi 4 times as

long as wide. Body length 7 — 10 mm. ON: VI-VII. Canada from coast to coast; south to CA.

Pet oce dames Dhaest AEE AG, ahs a ti chetecasessctsees dbdacee ends da sedteesssaN ste beactessessatasceten C. consors Cresson

- T1 shiny, with dense punctures half diameter apart. Sterna with scopal hairs long, white. —

F1 1.3 times as long as F2 on shorter side. Facial fovea wide, triangular. Clypeus transversal

(3.5/6), with longitudinal, median, impunctate line, punctures small, confluent. Supraclypeal

area tessellate, with punctures 1-2 diameters apart. Malar area linear (1/4). Genal area equal

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

to eye width. Mesopleura shagreened, punctures less than diameter apart on upper part, equal

to or greater than puncture diameter on lower part. Propopdeum postero-laterally tuberculate.

T2 mostly with dense, short, erect, white hairs, with shorter black hairs posteriorly. T3 and T4

with long black hairs. T6 with long redish-yellow hairs. Hind basitarsi 3.5 times as long as

wide. Body length 11 mm. ON: VI. Eastern USA, west to IL, south to NC, TE.

sini ut} ashi cue dsdeses sedeageenanh lies Gunguey bie shnopacpmutahada Bice sete eines. a epee *C. aestivalis Patton

Pronotum with long lateral spines, length exceeds width at base ............ccssccessseeeeseeeeeeseeeeees 7

Pronotum without long: lateral. spines 35 2.i400..4.2. ceestengsy- Ketice oh Senki ek taee eed 9

Scutum rugose, without distinct punctures. — Facial fovea apically curved, widest part equal

to apical width of scape. Genal area equal to eye width. F1 equal to F 2 on longer side. Scutum

and scutellum with hairs short, strongly plumose; on disc pubescence sparse, black; on sides

hair dense, yellowish-white. Propodeum with lateral surface shiny, wrinkled. T1 evenly, deeply

punctured, with puncture diameter equal to or less than interspaces. Hind basitarsi 4 times as

long as wide. Body length 9 —11 mm. ON: VII-[X. Canada from coast to coast; south to AZ,

OTe ee a a ee cn em eee, C. simulans Cresson

Scutum with distinct, separated: puNctUreEs | > «aiadosseussy <casnssbcves qatiegte ede apentonsedypttdoss 8

Tl uniformly coarsely, deeply punctured, less than or equal to puncture diameter apart.

—Clypeus protuberant, deeply, confluently punctured. Facial fovea width equal to scape apical

width, surface shiny. F1 on longer side equal to F2. Genal area equal to half eye width. Head

between eye and ocelli flattened, shiny, widely impunctate. Scutum with punctures deep,

round, with pit diameter greater than spaces, posteriorly pits larger, the interspaces greater

than puncture diameter; pubescence plumose, with admixture of white and black hairs. Scutellar

punctures deep, round, with pit diameter less or equal to interspaces, on sides punctures closer.

Mesopleura shiny, with deep, confluent pits, interspaces linear. T2-T4 with deeply impressed

marginal area. S2 with long, dense, white hairs, sternal fringes thin. Hind basitarsi 3.5-4 times

as long as wide. Antennae, mandibles, and legs brown. Body length 9 - 10 mm. ON: VII-IX.

CO, MA, WE. south to LiAy Bly. 2k, . ccc -ttnenl-ceash cabs iho tpt C. nudus Robertson

T1 with puncture diameter much less than interspaces. — Malar area linear. Clypeus shiny,

with deep, longitudinally confluent punctures. Fl longer than F2. Genal area less than or

equal to eye width. Facial fovea adjacent to eye, narrower than scape apical width. Head

between facial fovea and posterior ocelli with longitudinal impression. Scutum with punctures

greater than interspaces on on sides, smaller than interspaces on disc, with impunctate area

posteriorly. Mesopleura shiny, with puncture deep, interspaces linear. Head, thorax,

metasoma, and legs without black hairs. Hind basitarsi 3.5-4 times as long as wide. Body

length 8 — 10 mm. ON: VI — VII. Canada from coast to coast; south to CA, NM.

Bn ee ee eee See a *C. hyalinus Provancher

Terga tomentose. Metapleura with dorsal projection more or less hidden with hairs. Scutum

with hairs plumose, short; and Menges, dsanset de 2nsxsseeyl hee acenw, su0id 8 eee 10

Terga not tomentose. Metapleura without dorsal projection. Scutum with hairs thin and

MIN tei iy «oD cease noses cans cost nsucieedinnts tes once aten oa seas oa Ne 11

. Tergal discs with adjacent to apical hair band space black, without visible hairs, as wide as

band. T2 —T5 with short, white, tomentose pubescence on basal part, with spares, long, white

hairs on sides. Metapleural projection with yellow margin. — Malar area linear. Clypeus shiny,

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

11.

12.

with hairs sparse, erect, thin; punctures of irregular size and shape, longitudinally confluent.

F1 on longer side equal to F2. Facial fovea covered with dense hairs, reaches ocellus. Pronotum

without lateral spines. Scutellum necked, shiny, impunctate anteriorly. Propodeum with long,

dense hairs, basal area necked. Tegulae yellowish-brown, hyaline. Backside with pubescence

yellowish. T6 with dark hairs. Sterna without marginal hair fringe. Hind basitarsi 4.5 times as

long as wide. Body length 10 mm. ON: VII-VIII. From AB to QC*, south to NM.

eimereme arride seers YE) coe) acest e334. lace sins. Sslabe. heaves boGhib he *C. aberrans Cockerell

Tergal disc without black space. T1-T5 with yellow tomentose pubescence. Metapleural

projection without yellow margin, covered with dense pubescence. — Genal area less than

eye width. Malar area linear. F1 longer than F2 on shorter side. Clypeus with central, preapical

impression, with punctures confluent, hairs scattered. Supraclypeal area shagreened. Body

mostly without black hairs, only T6 with dark hairs. Propodeum with dense, thin, suppressed

hairs, postero-laterally tuberculate. Hind basitarsi 4.5 times as long as wide. Body length 7.5-

10 mm. ON: VII-VIII. MB; south to NM, TX. ....... eee eeeeseeeeeees *C. wilmattae Cockerell

S6 with lateral, longitudinal, sharp edged ridges. Propodeum with posterior surface broad not

divided into horizontal and vertical parts, convex, regularly transversely wrinkled, basally

rugose. — Clypeus tessellate, with median, longitudinal impression, punctures smaller than

interspaces. Supraclypeal area tessellate, with large deep punctures. Facial fovea width equal

to scape width apically. Fl longer than F2. Genal area wider than eye width. Malar area half

as long as mandible base. Pronotum with short lateral tooth. Scutum with punctures deep, less

than diameter apart, posteriorly impunctate. Scutellar disc impunctate. Dorsum of thorax with

hairs plumose, with admixture of black. Mesopleura shiny, with punctures deep, less than

diameter apart, posteriorly punctures smaller and closer. T1 with punctures deep, dense to

margin, less than diameter apart, anterior vertical surface impunctate. T2 and T3 with widely

impressed margin, with punctures similar to T1. T2 with narrow, deep, white hair band basally.

T3-T5 with long, erect, black hairs. Hind basitarsi 3.5-4 times as long as wide. Body length

12 — 13 mm. ON: VIII-IX. Canada from coast to coast; south to NM, GA.

IS ARRAS MSs ASE oh do Laide cachadnddghinbenhitnivedancevsves ins sedcdadadecbaastéaianved C. compactus Cresson

S6 without lateral ridges. Propodeum divided into basal horizontal and posterior

eumnnCICMLTIS Qa tirig.20i tt tow. 2. 1 v.4-1...9aetht Lo Agis tc. beainees ol Ieee. 12

Peeneetentasminn slinllow punctures, Shapreencd., ...........----r-re-esooarranenprasararonneasanacsanacannagee=> 13

Mesopleura with punctures deep and close, shiny or tesselate. ...........::c:cssscceesseeeesseeeeseeeeees 14

Genal area longer than eye width. — F1 equal to F2. Malar area 1/3 as long as mandible base

width. Clypeus with longitudinally confluent punctures. Scutum with deep punctures less

than diameter apart. Head, scutal, and scutellar pubescence with admixture of black hairs.

Pleura tessellate, with shallow, confluent punctures. Propodeum postero- laterally shagreened,

closely tuberculate, basally longitudinally wrinkled. T1 with punctures equal to or greater

than interspaces. Sterna with white pubescence. Hind basitarsi 4-4.5 times as long as wide.

Body length 11.5 — 14 mm. ON: IV — VI. From SK to NS; south to GA.

a C. inaequalis Say

Genal area as long as eye width. — F2 on longer side equal to F1. Clypeus twice as long as

wide, shiny, sparsely punctured, with median, longitudinal impression. Malar area twice as

long as wide. Head, scutal, and scutellar pubescence with admixture of black. Mesopleura

shagreened, striate, punctures shallow. Propodeum laterally shagreened, not tuberculate,

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

postero-laterally with sparse, shallow, round pits. Tl with punctures close, small, several

diameters apart. Hind basitarsi 4-4.5 times as long as wide. Body length 11-13 mm. ON: IV-

VI. Eastern Canada; MI, NY, south to NC: ¢...0..0.00....00) cae *C. validus Cresson

14.. Ti with deep pumetarest i335 55.611 eRe NSA A ae dE 15

- | T1-T4 with punctures obscure. — Genal area equal to eye. Malar area equal to or longer than

half mandible base. F2 on longer side equal to or longer than F1. Clypeus shiny, with median

longitudinal impression, punctures longitudinally confluent. Supraclypeal area shiny, with

punctures greater than or equal to interspaces. Scutum shiny, with punctures deep, merging,

posteriorly more widely separated, with impunctate area. Dorsal surface of thorax with

admixture of black hairs. Propodeum with basal area short, equal to 1/3 of metanotum;

posteriorly rugose, with only lowest part shiny, impressed; postero-lateral surface roughly

shagreened. Mesopleura shiny, punctures deep, less than diameter apart. T3-T5 disc with

short black and longer white hairs. Hind basitarsi 3-3.5 times as long as wide. Sternal hair

fringes dark, thin. Body length 10 mm. ON: V-VIII. Canada from coast to coast; MN, WI, MI,

VERBS, GSS. BREA, RROD Speco a C. impunctatus Nylander

15. Hind basitarsi 4-4.5 times as long as wide. Clypeus shiny, with punctures longitudinally

confluent. Fl longer than F2 on shorter side. — Head, thorax, and T1 with ochraceous hairs,

thorax dorsally with hairs dense, plumose. Genal area equal to eye width. Malar area shorter

than half mandible base width. Scutum with punctures deep, more than puncture diameter

apart, posteriorly with impunctate area. Propodeum basally with widely extended, longitudinal

striae, creating shiny cells, postero-laterally shagreened, finely wrinkled. Mesopleura with

punctures deep, interspaces flat. T1 with deep punctures, with diameters greater than or equal

to interspaces. T2 and T3 with punctures minute, dense. T2 with basal, white hair band. T3-

TS with few white erect hairs. Body length 9-10 mm. ON: VI — VIII. Canada from coast to

coast; south to' CASING. 2b dis al ACR dca a C. kincaidii Cockerell

- Hind basitarsi 2.5 times as long as wide. Clypeus finely shagreened, with sparse, shallow,

small punctures. Fl shorter than F2. — Head, thorax, and T1 with grey pubescence (white

and black on back). Tl with punctures deep, 1-3 diameters apart. T2 with punctures dense to

margin, disc impressed on basal third. T2 -T5 with thin, sparse, white hairs, longer on T4

and T5. Body length 9-10 mm. ON: VI-VII. Canada from coast to coast; south to TX, FL.

dissdabivaden cciwentweleattoatewviwcteuwententsvivuiistns Midgaeeseet ews aaa aap alee meen C. willistoni Robertson

Males. Antennae with 13 segments. Clypeus often with deep, long pubescence.

1; -Genal:area equal to-eye; or wider W.2008, ARO AR A eee 2

- Genal' area equal’ to half eye, or narrower )2iicu:. Wal... nue ee ee ee. 11

2. Tl with punctures minute, more than diameter apart. Pronotum without lateral spines. ..... 3

- Tl with punctures deep and close, diameters greater than interspaces. Pronotum without or

with lateral spines: 2..3).2uahe 0S OO. LK aa en SL ee 7

3; -:Malar area longer than mandible: base.22082!.20.5.4.:<..00w 2 28. gene 4

-' » Malar area shorter than mandiblé baseve!...wiiaw, Ace..lemii. ieee eee... 5

4. Malar area a little longer than mandible base. — Genal area equal to eye width. F1 equal to

F2. Scutum with punctures small, more than diameter apart. Scutum and scutellum without

dark hairs. Propodeum with posterior triangle rugose, without shiny space. $3 with central

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

basal swelling, S3 and S4 with preapical, lateral swellings. Hind basitarsi 4 times as long as

MMe SOG NCTE: FOG TEN ooo Soscsccccsccdesccacssdsacasscsssasssesecesssasieseess C. impunctatus Nylander

- Malar area twice as long as mandible base. — Genal area equal to eye. Facial fovea less than

scape width. Scutum with deep punctures, diameter or less apart. Scutellum with admixture

of black hairs. T1 with punctures dense, minute, diameter apart. T3 and T4 with hairs short,

erect, black. T4 on posterior part, TS and T6 with long black hairs. T7 with deep, short,

suppressed, white hairs and sparse, long black hairs. Tergal hair bands narrow, on T2 and T3

equal to 1/5 of tergal length. Sterna without swellings. Hind basitarsi 5 times as long as wide.

SL le bs Seg Ae Sb ne Se ee Bh SEA OBE C. validus Cresson

oy) Malar area longer than half mandible base. «......2c.ccc.ceccciee clei ecadssucllolecseluccestedecssdllbsessosses 6

- Malar area shorter than half mandible base. — F1 equal to F2. Scutum shiny, with puncture

diameter less than or equal to interspaces, disc with impunctate area. Mesopleura shiny, with

punctures shallow, one-half to one diameter apart. T1 shiny, finely punctured. T1 and T2 discs

with long, white hairs.T3-T6 with long black hairs. Sterna with apical hair fringe longer on

sides. Hind basitarsi 3-3.3 times as long as wide. Body length 7-8 mm.

at a Al Ee ihodl: Ol. Sa iacs St oe oor eeeS eaae es C. consors Cresson

6. Mesopleura shagreened, punctures shallow, interspaces linear on upper half, flat on lower

part.— Malar area equal to 2/3 mandible base width. F1 wider than long, half as long as F2.

Genal area as long as eye. Scutum with punctures greater than interspaces, interspaces wider

posteriorly. Propodeum wrinkled laterally and posteriorely. Tegulae yellowish, hyaline. T1-

T4 shiny, with punctures one to two diameters apart. T1 and T2 disks with long, white hairs.

T3-TS5 with shorter black and longer white hairs. Hind basitarsi 4 times as long as wide. Body

gia nisw ai xmgraciotcdawbabvieniccbennnnascntcderhicosenendd C. thoracicus Swenk

- Mesopleura shiny, punctures deep, interspaces linear on upper part, flat on medial part. — F1

shorter than F2. Genal area as long as eye. Scutum shiny, with punctures smaller than

interspaces, with impunctate area posteriorly. Mesopleural punctures deep, less than diameter

apart. T1-T5 shiny, with minute punctures. T2 with long, white hairs. T3-TS with black hairs.

Hind basitarsi 4-4.5 times as long as wide. Body length 8 — 9 mm.

ee RT Tl CREAT 1) eee *C. hyalinus Provancher

7. Malar area longer than base of mandible. — Propodeum with posterior surface transversely

wrinkled. Clypeus shiny, sparsely punctured, with median longitudinal impression. Genal

area as long as eye. F1 2/3 as long as F2. Pronotum without lateral spines. Scutum with

punctures less than diameter apart, with impunctate area. Dorsal surface of thorax with

admixture of dark hairs. Terga with marginal area abr tly depressed, with or without black

hairs on disc. Hind basitarsi 5 times as long as wide. Body length 9 - 12 mm.

PPR PITS Aes hd sdar tt ah Av dood adh Lin docdadiedoedesustbidadtccennccoctvescetelee C. compactus Cresson

- Malar area equal to or shorter than base of mandible. ................:cceccccsesseeesteeeeseeeeeeneeeeneeeees 8

8. Hind basitarsi twice as long as wide. S5 and S6 with margins incurved. Pronotum with long

lateral spines. — F1 equal to F2 on longer side. Clypeus elongate, flat, confluently sculptured,

with central longitudinal depression, short pubescence sparse, not hiding sculpture. Malar

area half as long as mandible base. Tegulae dark. Mesopleura with punctures deep, interspaces

linear. Scutum with pubescence dense, short, plumose, with admixture of black hairs. Tl with

evenly dense punctures, less than diameter apart. T2 and T3 discs with hairs short, black, T4-

T6 with hairs long, erect, black. Fore femur with brush of white hairs, twice as long as tibia.

NE eco vc vce sncecenssinvonmsanSensncaasecoenesivuneduansoens *C. latitarsis Robertson

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

10.

Hind basitarsi 3.5 — 5 times as long as wide. S5 and S6 with margins almost straight Pronotum

without lateral pistes >. ........-..cciscseesssecsccensareecazevsaronsteqsesde5a-e8laeieele o0s*easetantiOt SESE Ee 9

T2-T7 discs without white hairs. — F1 equal to F2. Malar area linear. Genal area wider than

eye. Clypeus twice as wide as long, roughly shagreened, with hairs short, do not hide surface.

Head and thorax dorsally with deep, orange hairs. Tegulae black. T1-T5 with narrow, white

hair band. T1 with punctures small, deep, 2-5 diameters apart; pubescence thin, short, white.

T2-T7 with dense, erect, black hairs. Metasoma concave ventrally. Sterna with lateral, long,

white hair brush. Hind basitarsi 3.5 times as long as wide. Body length 10-12 mm.

cera cecelenesb ss Stemnaucearesusahics se Meee Sees SeENLE oe STU Ss aoe enna RENEE one ean *C. aestivalis Patton

Tergal discs with white hairs. ................---<.»-«sesschessabeebbhalbpeheh -taanteo NEES Aan aE a 10

Mesopleura shagreened, shallowly sculptured. — F1 equal to half F2 on longer side. Malar

area as long as mandible base width. Genal area wider than eye. T2 — T5 with hairs long,

erect, white. T6 with long, black hairs. Sterna with marginal fringes enlarged on sides, narrow

medially. Hind basitarsi 4-4.5 times as long as wide. Body length 11 — 13 mm.

spre Big alta Pian nop annits can sobdenoicainsnnsoapales pb opcnatuanee iiinseeacbeale ta eet ee ane C. inaequalis Say

Mesopleura shiny, with punctures deep, close, interspaces flat— F1 longer than half F2.

Malar area equal to or little shorter than width of mandible base. Genal area as wide as eye.

Tergal pubescence without black hairs. Sternal fringes medially enlarged on disc. Hind basitarsi

4-4.5 times as long as wide. Body length 8-10 mm. .................ceeeeee C. kincaidii Cockerell

11(1). Pronotum with long lateral spines, length of which exceeds width at base. ................... 12

123

13,

Pronotum without long lateral: spamesi ti..ciiscc).cotistic: <acsidcthal terete deat Wee dee oe 13

Scutum rugose. T2 and T3 with marginal area not abruptly depressed. F1 longer than half F2.

— Genal area wider than half eye. Malar area equal to or shorter than half mandible base.

Propodeum with postero-lateral surface rugoso-wrinkled. Mesopleura with punctures deep,

close, interspaces linear on lower part, punctures confluent on upper part. Dorsum of thorax

with pubescence dense, long, yellowish, with admixture of black hairs. T1 with punctures

dense, deep, diameter or more apart. T2 and T3 with punctures smaller and deeper. Sterna

with hair fringes longer laterally. Hind basitarsi 5 times as long as wide. Body length 8 - 10

BUM 5 203- as5 Sateen acchcnee tacts. eee ena. pees ieee C. simulans Cresson

Scutum with deep, round, clearly separated punctures. T2 - T4 with marginal area abruptly

depressed. F1 transversal, as long as half F2, or shorter— Genal area shorter than half eye

width. Malar area linear, equal to or shorter than 1/3 mandible base. Mesopleura with punctures

large, deep, merged anteriorly, interspaces wider on median part. Scutal and scutellar

pubescence short, not hiding surface, grey with admixture of black hairs. Propodeum posteriorly

shiny, with fine transversal wrinkles. T1 shiny, with punctures deep, more than diameter apart.

T2 and T3 with punctures diameter or more apart. Hind basitarsi 4-4.3 times as long as wide.

Antennae, mandibles, and legs brown. Body length 8 — 10 mm. .......... C. nudus Robertson

Metapleura without overhanging projection. — Malar area half as long as mandible base. T1

with punctures deep, close, less than diameter apart. F1 equal to F2 on shorter side. Genal

area as long as half eye width. Clypeus flat, tessellate, punctures shallow, close, confluent.

Mesopleura with punctures deep, interspaces linear. Terga with marginal area strongly

impressed. Head and thorax with grey hairs, with admixture of black on scutum. Scutum with

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

punctures deep, well separated, less than diameter apart. Hind basitarsi 3 times as long as

wide. Sterna with long hair fringe. Body length 8 —9 mm. ............. C. willistoni Robertson

Se crapleura with dorsal Gverhanging PLOjeCtiOn. ....................s.cccescocssessessescccsssenseceoenssccseenes 14

14. T1 disc with punctures sparse, minute, few diameters apart — Malar area linear, length about

1/4 width. F1 shorter than F2. Genal area half as long as eye width. Clypeus densely pubescent.

Head, scutum, and metasoma without black hairs. Mesopleura with punctures merged on

upper part, interspaces flat on lower half. T2 and T3 shagreened, with minute, dense punctures.

Terga with margin widely hyaline. Tarsi yellowish. Hind basitarsi 5-6 times as long as wide.

Seem o Aeereete ee ead C. americanus Cresson

wien Gece punctoics, less thandiameter apart. | ib.0....3..1 02 .ci gene eed line levne seeds 15

15. T2 without basal fasciae. Genal area as long as half eye width. Malar area half as long as

mandible base width. — F1 shorter than F2. Head and thorax without black hairs. Scutum

with punctures greater than interspaces, on disc punctures 2 3 diameters apart. Propodeum

posteriorly wrinkled. T2 and T3 with deep, dense punctures, less than diameter apart. Hind

basitarsi 4 times as long as wide. S2-S4 discs with median, premarginal, triangular depression,

mostly covered with short, white hairs. Body length 8-10 mm.......... C. aberrans Cockerell

- T2 with broad, basal, white hair fasciae. Genal area as long as eye width. Malar area as long

as 1/3 mandible base width.— F1 shorter than F2. Scutum with dense, thin, yelowish-grey

hairs. Propodeum posteriorly with sparse, thin, long hairs, laterally with long hairs, postero-

lateral surface tiberculate. Mesopleura tessellate, with pits deep, dense, interspaces linear.

Femur and tarsi yellow. Hind basitarsi 4.5-5 times as ling as wide. Terga without black hairs.

Sterna with lateral swellings. Body length 8-9 mm. ...............eeeeeee C. wilmattae Cockerell

Annotated List of Ontario Colletes species.

The species are listed in alphabetical order. Locality records are grouped by Districts and Counties

from north to south. Distributional data and the flight period are included in the female key; 1.e.,

“ON: VII-X” means flight period in Ontario is from August to October.

The abbreviations are as follows: collector’s names: AR (W. Attwater), AT (C. Atwood), BG (N.

Bigelow), BK (M. Buck), BL (S. Beiley), BR (K. Barber), CL (S. Clark), ED (C. Edwards), KL (L.

Kelton), KN (G. Knerer), LM (R. Lambert), MF (R. MacFarlane), MK (P. MacKay), MN (J. Martin),

PA (S. Paiero), PG (D. Pengelly), RL (K. Ralph), RM (T. Romankova), SL (F. Sladen), US (M.

Usui); depositories: CASC (California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco), CNC (Canadian

National Collection of Insects, Ottawa), GU (University of Guelph, Guelph), INHS (Illinois Natural

History Survey, Champaign), ROM (Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto), UCRC (University of

California, Riverside), USNM (Smithsonian Institution, Washington).

1.*Colletes aberrans Cockerell.

Essex Co.: Point Pelee, 30.VII.1978, 0’, AR, oO’, J. Cappleman (DEBU); 13.VII.1982, Q, A. John

(DEBU). Figure 1.

2.*C. aestivalis Patton.

Essex Co.: Pelee Island, Stone Road Alvar FON Reserve, 41°45’20” N 82°7’ 20”, 8. VI.2002, CO’, S.

Marshall; 9.VI.2002, 20’, PA, BK (DEBU).

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Reviewed materials from other regions. IL, Dubois, 21.V.1917,2 (UCRC). NC, Bryson City,

1.V1.1923, 2,0, J. Crawford (UCRC). Figure 1.

3. C. americanus Cresson.

Carleton Co.: Metcalfe, 27.[X.1982, 2, B.Cooper (CNCI). Northumberland Co.: Alderville First

Nations Prairie, 1.IX.2001, 9, PA (DEBU). Durham Co.: Kendal, 1.[X.1960, o , KN; 27. VII1.1961,

20°, KN (ROME). Dufferin Co.: Mono Cliffs Provincial Park, 31.VIII.2002, o&’, BK (DEBU).

Peel Reg.: Forks of the Credit, 18-29. VIII.1968-1969, 510°, MK; 12-20 .IX.1969, 3 2, MK, Solidago

sp. (ROME); Belfountain, 16.1X.1979, 0”, S. Marshall GU). Wellington Co.: Guelph, 13.1X.1969,9,

T. Taylor (DEBU). Elgin Co.: Iona, 22-25. VIII.1968-1969, 2c’, KN (ROME). Figure 1.

4. C. compactus Cresson.

Lanark Co.: Prospect, 13.1X.1969, 2, L. Smith (CNCI). Hastings Co.: Belleville, 10.[X.1982,

2, W. Punchihewa (DEBU). Simcoe Co.: Midland, 11.1X.1970, 20’, J. Huber (DEBU). York Reg.:

Newmarket, 27.1X.1970, 9, G. Surgeoner (DEBU); Leaside, 12.VIII.1961, 0’, G. Morris (DEBU).

Dufferin Co.: Mono Cliffs Provincial Park, 31.VIII.2002, 30°, BK (DEBU). Peel Reg.: Forks of

Credit, 3-29.IX.1969, 399, 440’, MK, Solidago (ROME); Belfountain, 1.1X.1982, Oo’, W.

Sun; 21.VIII.1978, Oo, B. Warner; 2.X.1975, 22, MF; 2.X.1972, 29, o”, MF; 26.1X.1971, 2, MF;

16.[X.1970, 2, T. Taylor (DEBU). Essex Co.: Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 22.1X.2001, 0’, S. Marshall

(DEBU); Point Pelee, Mono Cliffs, 4.1X.1995, Oo’, Middleton (DEBU). Ontario, 1979, DQ, B.

Termir. Prescott, 7.1X.1978, O&, BR (DEBU). Figure 2.

45°

MC. compactus

|S .C. consors

¥* C. hyalinus a

FIGURE 2. Ontario collection localities of Colletes: C. compactus, C. consors, C. hyalinus.

5. C. consors Cresson.

Kenora Distr.: Black Sturgeon Lake, 1.VII.1962,2 (CNCI); Oneside Lake, 1.VII.1960,2, CL

(CNCI). Thunder Bay Distr.: Sleeping Giant Provincial Park, 48°20’°53”N 88°48°11”W,

9.VII.2002,0°, BK (DEBU). Cochrane Distr.: Abitibi Lake, Low Bush, 21.VII.1925, 3°, BG

100

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

(ROME). Timiskaming Distr.: Cobalt, 1.VII.1960, 9 (ROME). Carleton Co.: Ottawa, 20.VI.1973,

29, E. Small (CNCI). Lennox & Addington Co.: Kaladar, 14.VI.1960, 2(ROME). Muskoka

Distr.: Port Sydney, 23.VI.1897, Oh (CNCI). Figure 2.

Reviewed materials from other regions. Type Colletes pascoensis Cockerell, WA, Pasco, 25.V1.1916,

oO, (USNM). Paratype Colletes mesocopus Swenk, ME, Waldobero, VII.1904, 2, J. Lovell (USNM).

6.*C. hyalinus Provancher.

Kenora Distr.: Kenora, 28. VI.1984, oO’, R. Jaagumagim (ROME); Favourable Lake., 20.VI.1938,

oO’, Neal (ROME). Rainy River Distr.: 3. VIII.1960, 29, CL (CNCI). Cochrane Distr.: Cochrane,

9. VIII.1917, 2, SL (CNC); Abitibi Lake, Low Bush, 14-21.VII.1925, 42, BG (ROME). Algoma

Distr.: Frances, 11.VII.1961, 39, H. Milliron (CNCI). Sudbury Distr.: Emo, 3. VII.1917, 2,SL

(CNCI); Chapleau, 18-24.VII.1990, 30°, US, Early Goldenrod (DEBU). Muskoka Distr.: Port

Sydney, 4-9. VII.1919, 22, 20’, BG (ROME). Carleton Co.: Ottawa, 24. VI-26.VII.1913, 407, SL

(CNCI). Peterborough Co.: Cordova, 10.VII.1959, 9, CL (CNCI). Durham Co.: 16.VI.1987,

Oo’, B. Hubley (ROME); Kendal, 12. VII.1961, 2, 0’, KN (ROME). York Reg.: Keswick, 1.VI.1975,

2, Sowinsk (DEBU). Bruce Co.: Dyers Bay, 30.VI.1955, 24.VI-30.VII.1954, 269, o, PG; 8-

16.VII.1953, 70°, PG; 10.VII.1952, 129, 150°, PG (DEBU). Dufferin Co.: Orangeville,

17.VII.1961, 29, KN (ROME); 9.VII.1954, oc’, PG (DEBU); Primrose, 7.VII.1960, 0’, PG:

17. VII.1956, 2, PG; 30.V1.1955, 2, PG (DEBU). York Reg.: Toronto, 3. VII.1917, 2, SL(CNCI).

Essex Co.: Point Pelee, 25. VII.1979, 9, AR (DEBU). Figure 2.

Reviewed materials from other regions. Holotype, Allotype, and 5 other Paratypes Colletes

aregonensis Timberlake, OR, CA (CASC).

7. C . impunctatus Nylander.

Kenora Distr.: Black Sturgeon Lake, 8. VII.1964, 2 (CNCI). Thunder Bay Distr., Sleeping Giant

Provincial Park, Gardner Lake trail, 48°25’ N 88°46’ W, 11. VII.2002, 20’, BK(DEBU). Cochrane

Distr.: Abitibi Lake, Low Bush, 17.VII.1925, 29, BG (ROME). Sudbury Distr.: Chapleau, Racine

Lake, 6-22. VII.1990, 179, 19.VI.1990, co’, US, 10.VI.1992, &, US, Chamerion , Trifolium, Coe

Vetch, Red raspberry, Early goldenrod, Alsike clover (DEBU). York Reg.: Toronto, 16.VI.1908,

oO (CNCD, 12.VIlII.1887,2(DEBU). Figure 3.

8. C. inaequalis Say.

Thunder Bay Distr.: Stirling, 17.V.1963, 2, A. Johnson (DEBU). Watershed, 17.V.1962, 0’, KN,

Chamaedaphne (ROME). Algoma Distr.: Sault Ste. Marie, 4.VI.1948, 22, AT (ROME); Garden

River, 28.IV.1951, 40°, AT (ROME). Sudbury Distr.: Chapleau, 18.V.1990, 20%, US, Salix sp.

(DEBU); Peach Lake, 4-21.V.1962, 22, 0’, KN, Vaccinium (ROME). ). Nipissing Distr.: Kearney,

6.V.1977, 30°, A. Konecny (DEBU). Parry Sound Distr.: Kearney, 6.V.1977, &’ (DEBU). Lanark

Co.: Perth, 12-31.V.1962, 59, oO’, KN, Prunus, Salix (ROME); Maberly, 17.IV.2002, 2, BK

(DEBU). Carleton Co.: Ottawa, 23.1V.1976, O’, Cumming; 3-9.V.1914, 3c’, SL (DEBU):

19.1V.1973, 2, E. Small; 24.1V-21.V.1913, 20°, SL (CNCI); Constance Bay, 27.IV.1944, 29,

100° (CNCI). Grenville Co.: Spencerville, 17.V.1938, 22(CNCD; 12.V.1955,92, H. Huckel

(DEBU). Leeds Co.: Opinicon, 12-28.V.1962,2, 50%, KN, Salix, Amelanchier (ROME). Chaffeys

Locks, 25.V.1961, 2, J. Morris (DEBU); 24.V.1961, 2, KN, Brassica (ROME); Morton, 19.V.1971,

22 (CNCI). Lennox & Addington Co.: Kaladar, 22.V.1971, 2, oO, S. Vander Kloet, Vaccinium

angustifolium (ROME). Haliburton Co.: Algonquin Park, Swan Lake, 1-7.VI.1994, Q, E. Barr;

5.VI.1945,2, PG (DEBU). Haliburton & Muskoka Distr.: Dorset, 6.V.1995,0°, R. Russell

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

45° [7 |

OC. impunctatu

® C. inaequalis

KC. kincaidii °° dg

FIGURE 3. Ontario collection localities of Colletes: C. impunctatus, C. inaequalis, C. kincaidii.

(DEBU); 21.V.1962, 32, KN, Prunus (ROME). Muskoka Distr.: Severn Bridge, 12.IV.1968, 7°,

130", G Scott (ROME). Peterborough Co.: Peterborough, 20.IV.1977, 2, B. Smith (DEBU).

Durham Co.: Kendal, 22.1V— 4.V.1962, 29, 20°, KN, Salix (ROME). Simcoe Co.: De Grassi

Point, 2.V.1916, 20", E. Whetra (ROME). York Reg.: Maple, 25.1V.1962, 9, KN, Salix (ROME);

Toronto, 9.V.1893, O'(DEBU); Bruce Co.: Paisley, 18.1V.1976, 30°, S. Marshall (DEBU). Peel

Reg.: Forks of the Credit, 21-30.1V.1969, 429, 30°; 29.V.1969, 29, MK, Salix, Malus; 21.1V.1962,

32, 160°, KN, Claytonia; 21.V1.1962, 2, KN (ROME). Westport, 25.V.1961, 2, KN, Malus

(ROME). Bruce Co.: Hepworth, 7.V.1995, 2, 0", D. Caloren; 30.V.1978, 29 ; D. Caloren (DEBU).

Grey Co.: Owen Sound, 23.IV.1985, 0, R. Sinclair (DEBU). Wellington Co.: Guelph, 30.1V.1977,

Q, RL; 1.V.1974, 2, B. Akey; 13.V.1972, 9, MF; 21.IV-1.V.1972, 20", MF, Gyacinth; 3-15.V.1965,

69,40", ED; 24.1V.1960, 2, N. LeBlanc (DEBU). Huron Co.: Kinburn, 13.V.1956, 2, J. Martin

(CNCI). Wentworth Co.: Ancaster, 15.1V.1963, 100", J. Martin; 21.V.1956, 2, J. Martin (CNCI).

Middlesex Co.: Strathroy, 10.V.1927, 22, H. Hudson (CNCI). Norfolk Co.: St. Williams,

20.V.1995, 2, D. Caloren (DEBU); Port Dover, 25.V1.1959, 2, PG (DEBU). Essex Co.: Point

Pelee, 8.1X.1954,2, Mason (CNCI). Well Luther M. (=Luther Marsh), 10.1V.1998, 2, D. Tozer

(DEBU). Figure 3.

9. C. kincaidii Cockerell.

Rainy River Dist.: Rainy River, 1.VIII.1924, 2, Brimley (CNCI); Fort Frances, 11.VII.1961, 59,

Milliron (CNCI). Thunder Bay Distr.: Strathroy, 2.VII.1925, Oo’, H. Hudson (CNCI). Carleton

Co.: Ottawa, 8-23. VII.1913, oO, 29, SL(CNCD; 24.V1.1913, 0’, SL (DEBU). Leeds Co.: Chaffeys

Locks, 5. VII.1963, 90", Riotte (ROME). Muskoka Distr.: Port Sydney, 9.VII.1919, 29, BG (ROME).

Victoria Co.: Coboconk, 18.VII.1961, 2, Oo’, KN, Melilotus (ROME). Northumberland Co.:

Crowe Bridge, 18.VII.1979, 2, AR (DEBU); Brighton, 29.V1.1979, 2, Appleby (DEBU). Prince

Edward Co., 1.VII.1896, 29, Evans (CNCI). Durham Co.: Kendal, 7.VI.1962, 0’, KN;

12.VII.1961, 59, KN (ROME). Simcoe Co.: Swift Rapids Road, Lake Matchedash, 17.VII.1996,

102

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Oo’, B. Larson (DEBU); Midland, 9.VIII.1977, 20°, BR (DEBU); Orillia, 20. VII.1923, 0(CNCI);:

Barrie, 16. VII.1961, 9, KN, Rhus (ROME). York Reg.: Leaside, 7.VII.1959, 2¢’\(ROME). Bruce

Co.: Hepworth, 16.VII.1974, Oo, J. Huber (DEBU); Dyers Bay, 7-30.VII.1953, 22, 30%, PG;

11.VII.1913, 2, SL (DEBU); Bruce Peninsula, 10.VII.1960, o&’ (ROME). Dufferin Co.: Primrose,

17. VII.1956, Oo’, PG; 30.VI.1955, 70’, PG (DEBU); Orangeville, 17.VII.1961, co’, KN (ROME).

Peel Reg.: Forks of Credit, 27. VIII.1968, O’o’, KN; 11-22.VII.1969, 39, MK; 18.VII.1968, 2,

MK; 4. VII-1.VIII.1968-1969, 47, MK; 24-28.VI.1965, 32, o'C", KN (ROME); York Reg.: Toronto,

21.VII.1891, 52, oO; 17.VI-2.VII.1888, 42, 70° (CNCI); 27.V1.1965, 0’, KN; 1.VIII.1890, co,

W. Brodie (ROME). Wellington Co.: Guelph, 30.VII.1980, 9, Beierl; 31.VII.1978, 2, B. Warner;

15.VII.1976, O&, Waters; 15.VIII.1976, Oo, Stewart; 19.VII.1965, oO’, ED (DEBU); Speedside,

20. VIII-7.IX.1965, 22, 30, ED (DEBU). Huron Co.: Goderich, 20. VII.1977, o’, D. Meddisson

(ROME). Wentworth Co.: Borer’s Falls, 14. VIII.1978, 2, B. Warner (DEBU). Durham Co.: Port

Perry, 1.VIII.1934, Q(ROME). Norfolk Co.: St. Williams, 30.VI.2000, co’, BK (DEBU). Kent

Co.: Fargo, 20.VII.1959, 2, PG (DEBU). Essex Co.: Point Pelee, 31.VII.1960, 0’, KN (ROME):

19. VII-2. VIII.1920, 29, 30%, BG (ROME); 25. VII.1979, 9, AR; 18.VII.1978, 0”, BR (DEBU); 9-

17.VII.1962, 22, CL; 19.VII.1920, 2c’, BG (CNCI). ? Co.: Pigeon Lake, 17.VII.60, 2, Chuan

(DEBU). Figure 3.

10.*C. latitarsis Robertson.

Renfrew Co.: Griffith, 2.VIII.1982, 9, Cooper (CNCI). Carleton Co.: HWY 16, Ottawa,

15. VIII.1994, Q(CNCI). Durham Co.: Kendal, 12.VII.1961, oO’, KN (ROME). Grenville Co.:

Prescott, 7.[X.1978, o', BR (DEBU). Simcoe Co.: Midland, 8.VIII.1977, 2, BR (DEBU).

Wellington Co.: Guelph, 1.VII.1977, 0’, RL (DEBU); Elora, 16. VIII.1976, 22, Sharkey (DEBU).

Norfolk Co.: St. Williams, 25.VII.2000, 0’, BK (DEBU). Kent Co.: Rondeau Park, 14. VII.1962,

20°, CL (CNCI); Chatham, 20.VII.1948, 0’, MN; 14.1X.1927, 2, C. Smith (CNCI). Essex Co.:

Point Pelee, 24. VIII.1961,2, KN, Malva; 9.VII.1920, o”, BG (ROME). Long Point, 5. VIII.1978,9,

V. Husby (DEBU). Figure 4.

45°

@ C. Jatitarsis

& C. nudus

* C. validus

tit

FIGURE 4. Ontario collection localities of Colletes: C. latitarsis, C. nudus, C. validus.

103

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

11. C. nudus Robertson.

Victoria Co.: Norland, 18.VII.1961, 0’, KN (ROME); Coboconk, 18.VII.1961, 0’, KN; 6. VII.1963,

2, KN, 14.VIII.1961, 29, KN, Solidago; 18.VII.1961, 39, KN, Rhus, Melilotus (ROME). Durham

Co.: Kendal, 13.VII.1978, 2, Shefter (ROME). Wellington Co.: Guelph, 2.X.1984, 0’, T. Young,

Aster; 10. VIII.1951,0’, PG (DEBU). Essex Co.: Point Pelee, 20. VII.1978,0°, D. Morris (DEBU).

24.VII.1979, 9, 0, AR, B. Witt; 25. VII.1979, o’, AR (DEBU); 19. VII.1920, 20’, BG (CNCI);

19. VII.1920, 5c’, BG (ROME). Figure 4.

12. C. simulans Cresson.

Algoma Distr.: Spanish, 19.VII.1957, 2, M. Prime (DEBU). Sudbury Distr.: Chapleau, Racine

Lake, 22.VII.1990, Q; 12-28. VIII.1990, 199, 30", US, Early Goldenrod (DEBU). Manitoulin

Distr.: Killarney Park, 17.VIII.1978, 22, 40°, AR (DEBU). Nipissing Distr.: Penaish Lake,

2. VIII.1946, 40°, 22, AT (ROME); Algonquin Provincial Park, East Gate, 20. VIII.2002, 39, BK

(DEBU). Lanark Co.: Perth, 25. VIII.1957, 2 (CNCI); Rosetta, 20. VIII.1978, 2, E. Fuller (ROME).

Muskoka Distr.: Port Sydney, 24. VIII.1919, o&, BG (ROME). Carleton Co.: Ottawa, 30.VIII-

13.1X.1913, 52, SL (CNCI); 23.VIII.1914, 9, SL (DEBU). Halton Reg.: Georgetown,

29. VIII.1893,9(DEBU). Stornmont Co.: Cornwall, 1.[X.1961,292, KN (ROME). Grenville Co.:

Spencerville, 31.VIII-14.1X.1939, 72, Hammond (CNCI). Leeds Co.: St. Lawrence Isl. N. Park,

26. VIII-14.1X.1976, 499, O'(CNCI). Haliburton & Muskoka Distr.: Dorset, 1.[X.1976, 29, PG

(DEBU); 16.VIII.1961, 130°; 18.VIII-3.1X.1961, 32, KN, Solidago (ROME). Haliburton Co.:

Carnarvon, 17.VIII.1961, 22, KN (ROME). Muskoka Distr.: Rostrevor, 7.[X.1907, 29 (CNCD;

Georgian Bay, 26. VIII.1963, 0”, J. Bogard, 15-26. VIIL.1953, 30’, J. Bogart (DEBU). Peterborough

Co.: Cox Lake, 10.1X.1960, 0’, KN, Solidago (ROME). Victoria Co.: Bobcaygeon, 29. VIII.1954,

102, LM (CNCI); Norland, 14.VIII.1961, 30°, KN, Solidago (ROME). Northumberland Co.:

Brighton, 14.1X.1954, 292, MN (CNCI). Durham Co.: Port Hope, 20. VIII.1963, 20’, J. VanLoon

(DEBU); 20.VIII.1925, 22, BG (ROME); Orono, 3.1X.1925, 92, BG (ROME); Kendal,

25.VIII.1960, 70", WG; 27.VIII.1961, 32, KN; 1.1X.1960, 9, KN (ROME); 23.VIII.1963,9, J.

VanLoon (DEBU). Simcoe Co.: Severn, 8.VIII.1919, 29 (CNCI); Springwater Provincial Park,

2.1X.2002, 9, BK (DEBU). York Reg.: Keswick, 5.VIII.1975, o& (DEBU). Bruce Co.: Dyers

Bay, 13-23. VIII.1953, 149, 80%, PG.; 21. VIII.1952, 2, co’, PG (DEBU); Hepworth, 1. VIII.1975,

oO’, J. Huber (DEBU); Sauble Beach, 1.VIII.1977,2, B. Marshall (ROME). Dufferin Co.:

Orangeville, 19.VIII.1954, 29, PG; Mono Cliffs Provincial Park, 31.VIII.2002, 9, BK (DEBU).

Peel Reg.: Forks of the Credit, 8-20. VIII.1968, 80%, 15.VIII.1969, oO; 20.1XK 1969. Q;

27.VIII.1968, 2, Solidago (ROME); York Reg.: Toronto, 13.VIII.1959,9; 20.IX.1934, 29 (ROME);

7-16.1X.1891, 29; 30. VII-15.VII.1893, 2c’ (CNCI). Wellington Co.: Speedside, 18.VIII.1965,

32,0", ED (DEBU); Guelph, 16. VIII.1981,0", G. Grant; 30. VIII.1978,2, MF; 4.[X-2X.1972, 39,0’,

MF; 17.1X.1963, 2, J. Macklin, Solidago; 10.VII.1951, Oo’, PG; 23.VIII.2002, 9, BK, Solidago

(DEBU). Halton Reg.: Burlington, 6.X.1981, 9, B. Sinclair; 3. VII.1981, 2, J. Thomson (DEBU).

Brant Co.: Brantford, 18.I1X.1961, O, J. Morris; 14.1X.1956, 9, T. Armstrong (DEBU).

Haldimand-Norfolk Reg.: Delhi-Simcoe Railway, 7.1X.2001, 2, PA (DEBU). Haldimand Co.:

Dunnville, 3.[X.1954, 129, LM (CNCI). Middlesex Co.: Parkhill, 6.[X.1954, 62, C. Miller (CNCD;

London, 10.1X.1963, 2, KN (ROME). Elgin Co.: Iona, 22. VIII.1961, 0’, KN (ROME). Norfolk

Co.: Normandale, 4.IX.1954, 29, LM (CNCI); Port Dover, 4.1X.1954, 39, LM (CNCI). Lambton

Co.: Grand Band, 6.[X.1954, 49, LM (CNCI); Pinery Provincial Park, 18.1X.1994, 9, J. Skevington

(DEBU). Essex Co.: Point Pelee, 9.1X.1954, 2, W. Mason (CNCI); 24.VII.1979, 2, AR;

19. VII.1978, 2, J. Cumming (DEBU); Windsor, Ojibway Prairie, 30. VIII.2001, 2, PA; 14-18. VIII

2001, 2, PA (DEBU). Ontario, 22. VIII.1938, 2, Smith (DEBU). Figure 5.

Reviewed materials from other regions. Neotype Colletes armatus Patton, NH, Pelham, 2.VIII.1905,

2, Bridwell (USNM).

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

45°

'™ C. simulans

FIGURE 5. Ontario collection localities of Colletes simulans.

13.*C. thoracicus Smith.

Grey Co.: Meaford, 16.VI.1983, 2, S. Marshall (DEBU). Welland Co.: Ridgeway, 14.VI.1908,

M, M. VanDayk (CAS). Norfolk Co.: Wilson Truct, 17.V1I.1993, 9, J. Skevington (DEBU).

Reviewed materials from other regions. 5 and 30" from NY, MD, GA, VA, and TX (CASC). Figure 6.

45°

MC. thoracicus

* C. wilmattae tad

FIGURE 6. Ontario collection localities of Colletes: C. thoracicus, C. willistoni, C. wilmattae.

14. C. validus Cresson.

Cochrane Distr.: Timmins, 21.IV.1987, 0’, B. Westhaver (DEBU). Sudbury Distr.: Chapleau,

Racine Lake, 30.V.1990, 9, 1407; 23.V.1991, 59; 3.V1.1992, 2, 2m; 6.VI.1992, 0”, US, Lowbush

blueberry (DEBU). Haliburton Co.: Algonquin Park, 31.V.1961, 0’, L. Pilfrey (DEBU). Figure 4.

Reviewed materials from other regions. F, M, MI (ROME).

105

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

15. C. willistoni Robertson.

Durham Co.: Kendal, 12.VII.1961, o&', KN (ROME). Simcoe Co.: Midland, 23.VI.1974, 0’, J.

Huber (DEBU); Awenda Provincial Park, Dune Trail, 22. VII.2002,2, S. Marshall (DEBU). Bruce

Co.: Hepworth, 15.VII.1974, 2c’, PG (DEBU). Kent Co.: Rondeau Provincial Park, 28.V1.2002,

2°, BK (DEBU). Figure 6.

16.*C. wilmattae Cockerell.

Lanark Co.: Perth, 1.VIII.1961, 29, KN (ROME). Figure 6.

Reviewed materials from other regions. Holotype, NM, Pecon, 9.VIII,2 (CASC). 29 and co’, ND

and NE (UCRC). Figure 6.

Acknowledgments

I am thankful to D. Currie and C. Darling, Royal Ontario Museum, S. Marshall and M. Buck,

University of Guelph, and J. Huber, Canadian National Collection, who made the collections under

their jurisdiction available to me and who were very supportive during my work on this paper. I

express my appreciation to the following individuals and institutions for loan of material cited in

this study: C. Favret, Illinois Natural History Survey, M. Mello and D. Furth, Smithsonian Institution,

W. Pulawski and B. Zuparko, California Academy of Science, and D. Yanega, University of

California. My special gratitude to J. Huber and M. Buck for their thorough reading of the manuscript

and valuable comments, and to L. Packer and J. Grixti who kindly agreed to test the keys on their

collection materials and important comments. L. Packer made the publication of this paper possible

within NSERC grant for which I am very much obliged.

References

Hurd, P. D. 1979. Superfamily Apoidea, pp. 1741-2209 in K.V. Krombein, P.D. Hurd, Jr., D. R.

Smith, and B. D. Burks, eds., Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Vol.2.

Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press. 2209 pp.

MacKay, P.A. and G. Knerer. 1979. Seasonal occurrence and abundance in a community of wild

bees from an old field habitat in Southern Ontario. Canadian Entomologist. 3:367-376.

Michener, C.D. 2000. The Bees of the World. Baltimore & London: Johns Hopkins University

Press. 913 pp.

Mitchell, T. B. 1960. Bees of the eastern United States, 1. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment

Station Technical Bulletin no.141. 538 pp.

Mitchell, T. B. 1962. Bees of the eastern United States, 2: 1-557. North Carolina Agricultural

Experiment Station Technical Bulletin no.152. 537 pp.

Stephen W. P. 1954. A revision of the genus Colletes in America North of Mexico (Hymenoptera,

Colletidae). University of Kansas Science Bulletin 36: 149-527.

106

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

CABBAGE SEEDPOD WEEVIL, CEUTORHYNCHUS OBSTRICTUS (MARSHAM)

(COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) IN ONTARIO

AND QUEBEC

P.G. MASON

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Biodiversity and Integrated Pest

Management, Research Centre, 960 Carling Avenue,

Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6

E-mail: masonp@agr.gc.ca

T. BAUTE

Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Ridgetown College,

P.O. Box 400, Main Street E., Ridgetown, Ontario NOP 2C0

O. OLFERT

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre,

107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 0X2

M. ROY

Ministére de |’ Agriculture, des Pécheries et de L’ Alimentation Quebec,

2700, rue Einstein, bureau D.1.200.H, Sainte-Foy, Quebec GIP 3W8

Abstract J. ent. Soc. Ont. 134: 107-113

The cabbage seedpod weevil, Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham)

[Coleoptera: Curculionidae] (CSW), is the most significant insect pest of canola

in Europe and the US. Since its accidental introduction into Vancouver, Canada

in 1931, CSW has been reported in the western and southeastern US (mid 1940s

and early1990s, respectively) but only recently has it invaded canola-growing

regions in Alberta (1995), British Columbia (1997), Saskatchewan (2000) and

Quebec (2000). In Ontario, CSW was found on Brassicaceae, including canola,

Brassica napus L., and wild mustard, Sinapis arvensis L. at 28 and 38% of sites

sampled in 2001 and 2002, respectively. In Quebec, CSW was found on three

Brassicaceae, including canola, wild mustard, and wild radish, Raphanus

raphanistrum L. at 66 and 78% of sites sampled in 2001 and 2002, respectively.

In 2002, mean numbers of adult CSW collected on canola during flowering

were 0.36 per 10 sweeps in Ontario, about 1/20 the number collected in Quebec

(6.37 per 10 sweeps). At the pod stage, fewer canola fields were infested in

Ontario (44%) than Quebec (72%). In canola fields where CSW occurred, up to

28% of pods were infested in Ontario compared to up to 58% in Quebec, resulting

in economic loss in at least two and six fields surveyed, respectively. Numbers

of seeds damaged per pod was 4 to7 in Ontario and | to 7 in Quebec, typical for

CSW. Although population numbers were lower and damage less in Ontario

than in Quebec, CSW is clearly established in both provinces and there is potential

for significant damage to the canola industry. Alternate host plants such as wild

mustard and wild radish serve as reservoirs for CSW populations and will

facilitate further dispersal and population increases.

107

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Introduction

The cabbage seedpod weevil, Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham) (Coleoptera:

Curculionidae) [CSW] is the most significant insect pest causing yield loss of canola and oilseed

rape, Brassica napus L. and B. rapa L. (Brassicaceae), in the US and Europe (Kuhlmann et al.

2002). Although first reported in the Vancouver area in 1931, CSW has only recently been reported

in canola-growing areas of southern Alberta (1995), the interior of British Columbia (1997),

Saskatchewan (2000) and southern Quebec (2000) (Philip 2000; Brodeur et al. 2001; Carcamo et

al. 2001; Dosdall et al. 2002). Since its introduction into North America, CSW has dispersed south

and east, being reported in the Okanagan and Creston Valleys in British Columbia, the US Pacific

Northwest (Washington, Idaho, Oregon) (mid 1940s), California, the southeastern US (Tennessee

and Georgia) (early 1990s) (Carcamo et al. 2001). Damage is caused primarily by larvae feeding

on the seeds developing within the pods. About 20-30% of the seeds in a pod can be damaged

(Kirk 1992, Carcamo et al. 2001), and seed weight can be reduced by more than 16% (Buntin et al.

1995; Buntin 1999),

In Ontario, 24,282 ha of canola were planted in 2002 yielding 44,200 tonnes of seed (Canola

Council of Canada 2004). Although this represents only approximately 1.1% of Canadian seed

production, Ontario is an important area for variety testing and seed production for the industry in

western Canada where the majority of canola is grown. Therefore, damage to crops in eastern

Canada could have significant impact on the western Canadian canola industry. Further, although

Brodeur et al. (2001) concluded that CSW was well established in Quebec, their study was restricted

to spring-canola fields in the Quebec City area. Thus, surveys were conducted in southern Ontario

and Quebec to determine distribution and abundance of CSW and levels of damage to canola.

Methods

To determine CSW distribution, surveys were conducted in 2001 and 2002 in areas where

canola was known to be grown and at random sites where flowering Brassicaceae were observed.

In Ontario, agricultural fields containing flowering Brassicaceae, including canola, Brassica napus

L., mustard, Sinapis alba L., other crops infested with flowering wild mustard, S. arvensis L., and

roadside patches of flowering wild mustard were sampled using a sweep net. In July 2001 and

2002, respectively, a total of 14 and 15 canola fields, and 15 and 18 wild mustard stands were

sampled. A single mustard field was sampled in 2002. In Quebec, similar surveys were conducted

in canola, wild mustard and wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum L. (Brassicaceae). In July 2001

and 2002, respectively, a total of 10 and 3 canola fields, 12 and 13 wild mustard stands and 12 and

8 wild radish stands were sampled. A single stand of volunteer canola was sampled in 2002. In all

commercial fields (canola and mustard), and where large patches of wild mustard and wild radish

occurred, 100 standard 180° arc sweeps were taken while walking in a straight line; in smaller

stands of wild mustard and wild radish as many sweeps as possible (minimum 12) were made. In

commercial canola and mustard fields, sweeps were made while walking into the field along one

transect beginning at a randomly selected point at the field edge. For volunteer canola, wild mustard

and wild radish, sweeps were made where these plants occurred along field margins, roadsides or

patches in fields. Sweep samples were placed in a white pan and adult weevils aspirated into vials

for identification and processing.

In 2002, to assess abundance and damage additional surveys were done in August in canola

fields in the pod stage, north and west of Guelph (Ontario) and south of Quebec City (Quebec).

The latter surveys included a 100-sweep sample and collection of 50-pod samples to assess adult

densities and seed damage, respectively.

108

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

In the laboratory, adult weevils were mounted on points and identified. The identity of CSW

was confirmed by Dr. D-.E. Bright of the Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and

Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. For each sample site, total numbers of CSW adults

collected were recorded. The 50-pod samples were dissected and numbers of feeding holes,

emergence holes, CSW larvae, seeds damaged, and total seeds were recorded.

Results and Discussion

CSW occurred at many but not all of the sites sampled (Figure 1) In Ontario, CSW was found

at 8 of 28 (28.6%) of sites sampled in 2001 and 25 of 66 (37.9%) of sites sampled in 2002.

Populations were most abundant in the canola growing areas north of Guelph. Although present at

some locations, CSW was uncommon at sites from Pickering east to the Ontario/Quebec border.

Brassicaceae host plants, particularly Brassica spp., Raphanus spp. and wild mustard in which

larvae develop (Doucette 1947), were not abundant in these areas, which may be a barrier to

establishment of CSW. However, canola fields and large stands of wild mustard occur in the

eastern Ontario (Trenton - Ottawa - Ontario/Quebec border) area and CSW was not found at any of

12 sites sampled. In Quebec, CSW was found at 21 of 32 (65.6%) of sites sampled in 2001 and 32

of 41 (78.0%) of sites sampled in 2002. Populations were present and very abundant at all but two

locations sampled in the canola growing areas south of Quebec City, but scattered and less numerous

to the west.

Québec

Ontario

; 80°W

FIGURE 1. Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) distribution in southern Ontario

and southwestern Quebec: locations where CSW was present (°) and locations sampled but where

CSW was not present (0).

109

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

CSW adults were collected from all plant species surveyed in July of both years (Table I).

Wild radish, although present in scattered locations in southern and eastern areas (Alex 1998), was

not encountered during our surveys in Ontario. Mean numbers of adult CSW were approximately

20 times greater in southern Quebec compared to Ontario. According to Doucett (1947) CSW does

not develop on commercial mustard, S. a/ba, in Washington state. This may explain the low numbers

of adult CSW collected (0.05/10 sweeps) in mustard in Ontario despite being in close proximity to

a canola field where 2.1 weevils/10 sweeps were collected. The abundance of CSW on wild mustard

and wild radish indicates that management strategies that include crop rotations when canola is not

planted may have little effect on reducing CSW populations. Further, spread of CSW in Ontario

will be facilitated by presence of these preferred non-crop hosts.

TABLEI. Mean numbers of adult cabbage seedpod weevil, Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Coleoptera:

Curculionidae), collected on host plants in the family Brassicaceae in Ontario and Quebec in July

2002.

Adult C. obstrictus (per 10 sweeps) +SE (n)

Host Plant Ontario Quebec

canola, Brassica napus L. 0.36 +0.14 (15) 6.37 +4.67 (3)

volunteer canola, B. napus —* 5.43 +4.18 (2)

mustard, Sinapis alba L. 0.05 (1) -

wild mustard, S. arvensis L. 0.27 +0.23 (18) 4.50 +3.37 (11)

wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum L. - 6.56 +5.86 (6)

mixed stands of wild mustard and wild radish _ 1.50 +0.50 (2)

* no samples

Fewer canola fields were infested in Ontario (43.8%, n=32) than in southern Quebec (72.2%,

n=18). Percent of pods infested by CSW varied considerably between fields in both regions (Tables

Il & If). In Ontario, where CSW occurred, up to 28% of pods (n =50) were infested whereas in

southern Quebec up to 58% of pods (n =50) were infested (5 of 14 fields had more than 30% of

pods infested). Brodeur et al. (2001) reported that percent pods infested ranged from 5.0 to 75.9%

in four fields south of Quebec City in 2000. In our surveys, the wide variation in percent pods

infested suggests that CSW infestations are not uniformly distributed, thus monitoring may be

required on an individual field rather than an area-wide scale. Mean numbers of damaged seeds per

infested pod were similar in both regions, ranging from 4.0 to 6.9 in Ontario and from 1.2 to 7.0 in

southern Quebec. Brodeur et al. (2001) sampled 4 fields in southern Quebec and found that the

mean number of seeds damaged per infested pod ranged from 5.2 to 9.2. Other studies have shown

that larvae will consume 4-6 seeds during development (McCaffrey et al. 1986; Homan and

McCaffrey 1993). Depending on insecticide costs and commodity price, yield losses occur when

more than 26 to 40% of pods are infested (Buntin 1999). In our study, the number of damaged

seeds ranged from about 6 to 41% and 15 to 34% of the total seeds per pod in Ontario and Quebec,

respectively (Tables II & III). Thus, economic losses likely occurred in 2002 in at least two fields

surveyed in Ontario and six in southern Quebec.

Pod sampling was done relatively late in the season (7-8 August in Ontario and 14-15 August

in Quebec. Due to the wet spring there was a wide range of planting dates and a range of plant

110

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

TABLE II. Extent of damage and mean numbers of adult cabbage seedpod weevil, Ceutorhynchus

obstrictus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in commercial canola, Brassica napus (Brassicaceae), crops

in southern Ontario during August 2002.

Location Infested n a T# C. obstrictus

Pods (%) damaged damaged adults/ 10

seeds seeds sweeps

+SE +SE

Kinburn (44°05.287’N 80°48.004’W) 12 6 4.7 +0.4 19D at.S 12.4

Yeoville (44°04.519’N 80°42.503’W) 28 14 3.6 +0.4 lds heotd 5 16.6

Maple Lane (44°05.131’N 80°37.268’W) 6 3 SET = » 40 92-12,0 134

Conn 1 (43°59.160’N 80°33.973’W) 1 6 213 0

Conn 2 (40°58.888’N 80°34.165’W) 10 5 5.4 +0.5 28.4 +3.5 NA*

Kenilworth (43°54.332’N 80°37.268’W) 2 BSS 6.3 +6.3 0.2

Farewell (43°54.866’N 80°41.306’W) ~ 4 2 5.5 2055 195 0) .7 6.4

Glenlee 1 (43°52.849’N 80°46.483’W) 28 13 3:1 £0:6 34.3 +6.7 18.6

Glenlee 2 (43°52.880’N 80°46.755’W) 6 3 h3oti3 3.928:9 20.7

Palmerston (43°50.987’N 80°52.516’°W) 2 1 7 ZS 6.1

Arthur (43°50.004’N 80°28.341’W) 12 - Ot. 25,2 £102 4.3

Metz (43°49.391’N 80°26.250’W) 2 1 5 25 1.8

Luther March (43°54.906’N 80°21.564’W) 10 5 | Jers | A Sh £09 0

* data not available, adults collected but not counted

stages encountered during sampling, sometimes even in one field. In Ontario, plant stages from the

end of flowering, when seeds are enlarging in the lower pods (stage 4.4 of Harper and Berenkamp

[1975]), to the end of ripening when seeds in all pods are brown and the plants are senescent

(stages 5.5) were encountered, with stage 5.2 (green seeds in the lower pods) being the most common.

In southern Quebec, only ripening plants (stages 5.1-5.5) were found, with stage 5.2 also being the

most common. Incidence of CSW larvae was low. Exit holes made by mature larvae provided an

additional measure of infestation. No more than a single larva occurred in pods where larvae were

found, contrasting with Brodeur et al. (2001), who found up to 3 larvae per pod. Adult CSW were

collected at most fields, 20 of 31 (64.5%) in Ontario and 18 of 19 (94.7%) in southern Quebec.

Adults were found in some fields in which pods were not infested. Because adults were common

(up to 20.7 and 27.5 per 10 sweeps in Ontario and southern Quebec, respectively), we suspect that

the new overwintering generation was emerging and dispersing.

In Ontario, CSW has established, although perhaps more recently than in southern Quebec,

and some economic losses may have occurred in 2002. The source of these populations is not

known and further studies may clarify this. Damage in infested fields is typical to that in other

areas where CSW is established. The presence of alternate host plants, such as wild mustard and

wild radish, provide reservoirs in which CSW populations can maintain and increase their numbers

and facilitate further dispersal.

111

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario

Volume 134, 2003

TABLE III. Extent of damage and mean numbers of adult cabbage seedpod weevil, Ceutorhynchus

obstrictus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in commercial canola, Brassica napus (Brassicaceae), crops

in southern Quebec during August 2002.

Location Infested n #

Pods (%) damaged

seeds

+SE

Ste-Marie (46°26.982’N 71°06.126’W) 34 17 6.9 +0.9

St-Raymond (46°52.898’N 71°50.269°W) 10 5 5.8 +0.8

St-Charles de Bellechasse |

(46°49.893’N 70°56.116’W) 20 9 §. 5 7

Honfleur (46°39.974’N 70°55.381’W) 34 17 5.6 +0.5

Bélval (46°33.207’N 70°48.945’W) 4 l 4

Ste-Hénédine

(46°31.785’N 71°00.603’W) 24 9 4.3 +0.7

Quatre Chemin

(46°35.108’N 71°03.914’W) 58 23 6.8 +0.7

St-Elzéar (46°23.155’N 71°02.320’W) 6 y 4.0 +1.0

Leclercville (46°33.643’N 71°58.645’°W) 14 42¢t 2

St-Charles de Bellechasse 2

(46°43.950’N 70°57.077’W) 8 2 fe Pan Se ai? he

St-Charles de Bellechasse 3

(46°45.165’N 70°56.435’W) 28 11 4.3 +0.3

St-Charles de Bellechasse 4

(46°47.739’N 70°53.922’W) 10 4 4.3 +1.0

St-Charles de Bellechasse 5

(46°42.658’N 70°55.826’W) 52 23 4.4 +0.3

St-Charles de Bellechasse 6

(46°43.942’N 70°55.381’W) 42 19 5.4 10-7

Acknowledgements

To#

damaged

seeds

+SE

34.47 +5.8

33.45 +4.4

20.69 +3.1

28.71 £2.7

15.4

17.8 +3.2

22.8 +2.4

22.2 +9.1

16.6 3.9

14.8 +3.7

22.6 +2.8

21.4+1.6

pa! T¥ Bs oh Be

28.9 +3.8

C. obstrictus

adults / 10

sweeps

21.7

17.5

Caroline Boudreault, Jacob Miall, Jocelyn Smith, Laura Timms, Christine Conroy and Ana

Maria Farmakis, provided valuable technical assistance. Sebastien Jacob located canola fields in

Quebec. Don Bright verified the identity of C. obstrictus. David Giffen prepared the maps. Gary

Gibson and Jean-Frangois Landry reviewed an earlier draft of the manuscript.

112

Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

References

Alex, J.F. 1998. Ontario Weeds. Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Publication

No. 505: 88.

Brodeur, J., L. Leclerc, M. Fournier, and M. Roy. 2001. Cabbage seedpod weevil (Coleoptera:

Curculionidae): new pest of canola in northeastern North America. The Canadian Entomologist,

133: 709-711.

Buntin, G.D. 1999. Damage loss assessment and control of the cabbage seedpod weevil (Coleoptera:

Curculionidae) in winter canola using insecticides. Journal of Economic Entomology, 92:

220-227.

Buntin, G.D., J.P. McCaffrey, P.L. Raymer, and J. Romero. 1995. Quality and germination of

rapeseed and canola seed damaged by adult cabbage seedpod weevil, Ceutorhynchus assimilis

(Paykull) [Coleropera: Curculionidae]. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 75: 539-541.

Canola Council of Canada. 2004. http://www.canola-council.org/markets/acreage-

productionandyield.html. February 23, 2004.

Carcamo, H.A., L. Dosdall, M. Dolinski, O. Olfert , and J.R. Byers. 2001. The cabbage seedpod

weevil, Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) - a review. Journal of the

Entomological Society of British Columbia, 98: 201-210.

Dosdall, L.M., R.M.Weiss, O. Olfert, and H.A. Carcamo. 2002. Temporal and geographical

distribution patterns of cabbage seedpod weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in canola. The

Canadian Entomologist, 134: 403-418.

Doucette, C.F. 1947. Host plants of the cabbage seedpod weevil. Journal of Economic Entomology,

40: 838-840.

Harper, F.R. and B. Berenkamp. 1975. Revised growth-stage key for Brassica campestris and B.

napus. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 55: 657-658.

Homan, H.W. and J.P. McCaffrey. 1993. Insect pests of spring-planted canola. University of Idaho,

Cooperative Extension System Publication No. 982: 2.

Kirk, W.D.J. 1992. Insects on Cabbages and Oilseed Rape. Naturalists’ Handbooks 18, Richmond

Publishing Co. Ltd., Slough, England, 66 pp.

Kuhlmann, U., L.M. Dosdall and P.G. Mason. 2002. Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham), Cabbage

Seedpod Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). pp. 52-58 Jn P.G. Mason and J.T. Huber (eds.)

Biological Control Programmes in Canada 1981-2000. CABI Publishers, Wallingford, UK,

583 pp.

McCaffrey, J.P., L.E. O’Keeffe, and H.W. Homan. 1986. Cabbage seedpod weevil control in winter

rapeseed. University of Idaho, Cooperative Extension Service, Current Information Series

No. 782: 1-7.

Philip, H. 2000. Minutes of the 40th Annual Meeting of the Western Committee on Crop Pests.

October 16", 2000. Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, p. 5.

Tis

mstyoude >) ciiniatiie wpaliee

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

NEW RECORDS OF HEMIPTERA FROM CANADA AND ONTARIO

S.M. PAIERO and S.A. MARSHALL

Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph,

Guelph, Ontario, Canada, NIG 2W1

E-mail: spaiero@uoguelph.ca.

K.G.A. HAMILTON

Biodiversity, Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada,

Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0C6.

Abstract J. ent. Soc. Ont. 134: 115-129

The following Hemiptera species are recorded from Canada for the first

time, in many cases also representing new records at the generic level:

Neuroctenus simplex (Uhler) (Aradidae); Chariesterus antennator (Fabricius)

(Coreidae); Hoplistoscelis sordidus Reuter, Metatropiphorus belfragei Reuter

(Nabidae); Amaurochroa ovalis Barber & Sailer, Banasa euchlora Stal,

Dendrocoris humeralis (Uhler) (Pentatomidae); Pnirontis modesta Banks

(Reduviidae); Neokolla lugubris (Signoret), Polyamia herbida DeLong,

Scaphoideus frisoni DeLong & Mohr (Cicadellidae); Delphacodes waldeni

Metcalf, Megamelus davisi Crawford, Pentagramma douglasensis Penner,

Stenocranus delicatus Beamer (Delphacidae); Anotia westwoodi Fitch, Cedusa

kedusa McAtee, Otiocerus abbotti Kirby, O. amyotii Fitch, Otiocerus balli

McAtee, Syntames uhleri (Ball) (Derbidae); Anormenis septentrionalis (Spinola),

Ormenoides venusta (Melichar) (Flatidae); Thionia elliptica Germar (Issidae);

Acutalis inornata Ball, Microcentrus perditus (Amyot & Serville), Publilia

reticulata Van Duzee, Telamona fitchi Ball, T. gibberata Ball (Membracidae);

Neolecanium cornuparvum (Thro) (Coccidae); Pseudococcus longispinus

(Targioni & Tozzetti) (Pseudococcidae); Pachypsylla celtidisinteneris Mally

(Psyllidae); The following Hemiptera species are recorded from Ontario for the

first time: Pangaeus bilineatus (Say) (Cydnidae); Anaptus major (Costa)

(Nabidae); Rhynocoris ventralis (Say) (Reduviidae); Eremocoris setosus

Blatchley (Rhyparochromidae); Cuerna fenestella Hamilton (Cicadellidae);

Megamelus metzaria Crawford (Delphacidae); Scolops pungens Germar

(Fulgoridae). Although Hemiptera were surveyed in several different parts of

Ontario, most of the new records were found in a few small Carolinian sites.

Introduction

Insect survey work in southern Ontario routinely yields a high proportion of taxa newly recorded

from Canada or Ontario because, for most groups of insects, there are no recent checklists, there

has been no recent taxonomic work on the taxa in question, and regional collections have not been

recently reviewed for new distributional data. The recent publication of a comprehensive checklist

of the Hemiptera of Canada and Alaska (Maw et al. 2000) provides an exception to these

generalizations, and gives us a current benchmark against which to evaluate the new records

appearing in our recent southern Ontario insect surveys. The following list of 39 new records are

organized according to the family and generic combinations used in Maw et al. (2000), but does

not follow their subordinal classification. Maw et al. (2000) divide the Canadian Hemiptera into

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four suborders (Prosorrhyncha, Archaeorrhyncha, Clypeorrhyncha, Sternorrhyncha) as proposed

by Sorenson et al. (1995). We feel that Sorenson et al. do not make a strong case for a new subordinal

classification, and will therefore follow the more traditional breakdown of the Hemiptera into the

Heteroptera, Auchenorrhyncha (Cicadoidea plus Fulgoroidea), and Sternorrhyncha.

Over the past decade, personnel associated with the University of Guelph Insect Collection

have been involved with surveying several Carolinian sites throughout southwestern Ontario. A

special focus has been placed on documenting the fauna of several tallgrass prairie (Fig. 1; 6, 10,

12, 14, 21) and oak savannah (Fig. 1; 6, 10, 12, 14, 20, 21, 23, 25) sites. These small sites cover

very little area in Ontario and Canada, but contain a large proportion of Ontario’s rare and habitat-

restricted flora and fauna. Most of the new provincial and national records we report here are from

a few key protected Carolinian areas in Ontario. We record eight Heteroptera, twenty-one

Auchenorrhyncha and three Sternorrhyncha species new to Canada, along with four Heteroptera

and three Auchenorrhyncha new to Ontario.

Materials and Methods

Heteroptera were identified using Slater and Baranowski (1978) and McPherson (1982), further

supplemented with Lariviére (1992) and Barber (1929). Auchenorrhyncha were identified using

references cited in Maw et al. (2000) and supplemental references are cited here.

Specimens are deposited at the University of Guelph Insect Collection (default) and the

Canadian National Collection (CNCI). Figure | shows all sites mentioned in this paper.

Results

1) Suborder Heteroptera

The Heteroptera comprise a relatively small suborder of more frequently collected, easily

identifiable insects. The recent checklist by Maw et al. (2000) reflects distributional information

gathered from all major Canadian insect collections. Heteroptera records added since 2000 are

therefore either newly introduced or newly established species or species previously overlooked

because of rarity or restriction to unusual or poorly known habitats. The results of recent surveys

support the assumption that Ontario Heteroptera are well known. For example, a collection of

about 2600 insect species, including 115 species of Heteroptera, from the Bruce Peninsula includes

a number of rarely collected species, but only one species new to Ontario. Smaller collections from

ongoing survey projects in Carolinian reserves, however, include the following Heteroptera newly

recorded from Canada or Ontario. Only one of these species was introduced to North America,

while the other species appear to be rare or associated with restricted habitats in Canada.

Aradidae

Neuroctenus simplex (Uhler)

Although Slater and Baranowski (1978) state that this small, black aradid is common in the

northeastern USA, neither the genus nor the species have previously been recorded from Canada.

This species differs from other Canadian species by the closed atrium, which covers the basal

portion of the labium. Slater and Baranowski (1973) record it from beech (Fagus) and oak (Quercus).

Specimen Data: Niagara Reg., 12, Vineland, 19 July 1940, W.L. Putman; Haldimand-

Norfolk Reg., 12, Simcoe, 23 June 1953, (collector not indicated); Lambton Co., 19, Port Franks,

Karner Blue Sanctuary, 13 June 1996, J. Skevington; Essex Co., 12, Ojibway Prairie Prov. Nat.

Res., 12 September 2002, S.M. Paiero.

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4 Georgian

Bay

Lake Ontario

United States

FIGURE 1. Southern Ontario localities with new Hemiptera. 1, 14km E Meldrum Bay; 2, Dunks

Bay; 3, 8 km SE of Tobermory; 4, Alvar nr. Dyers Bay Rd. & Hwy #6; 5, Owen Sound; 6, Windsor,

Ojibway Prairie Provincial Nature Reserve; 7, Harrow; 8, Woodslee; 9, Leamington; 10, Point

Pelee National Park; 11, Wheatley; 12, Pelee Island; 13, Middle Island; 14, Walpole Island; 15,

Sarnia; 16, Wyoming; 17, Port Franks; 18, Grand Bend; 19, Bothwell; 20, Clear Creek Reserve;

21, Rondeau Provincial Park; 22, Rodney; 23, Manestar Tract, 6 km NNW St. Williams; 24, Simcoe;

25, Turkey Point Provincial Park; 26, Vineland; 27, Niagara Glen; 28, St. Davids; 29, Dundas; 30,

Hamilton; 31, Borers Falls; 32, Royal Botanical Gardens; 33, Crieff; 34, Guelph; 35, Milton; 36,

Oakville; 37, Toronto; 38, Prince Edward Co. (locality not indicated); 39, Richmond, 8 km S.

Insert: 40, Thunder Bay; 41, Hilton Beach. Modified from: Brock University Map Library. Southern

Ontario-Regional Municipality Boundaries. [pdf]. Software Edition. St.Catharines, ON: Brock

University Map Library. 2004. [sontbase.pdf]

Coreidae

Chariesterus antennator (Fabricius)

The genus and species is recorded from Canada for the first time. This leaf-footed bug, easily

distinguished from other Canadian coreids by its dilated and flattened third antennomere, appears

to be restricted to three sites of tallgrass habitat, or to have tallgrass prairie affinities in Ontario.

Chariesterus antennator was first observed on 9 July 1992 and we have observed it commonly at

both Ojibway Prairie Provincial Nature Reserve and the Manestar Nature Reserve since then. It is

also present on Walpole Island. The conspicuous spiny nymphs appear from May to August, and

adults have been collected from May to September, usually on Euphorbia although several specimens

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were observed on a dead toad. Slater and Baranowski (1978) record C. antennator throughout the

eastern and central USA but is “scarce and scattered north of the middle Atlantic states”. We

consider this species to be associated with of Ontario’s tallgrass prairies.

Specimen Data: Haldimand-Norfolk Reg., Manestar Tract, 6 km NNW St. Williams, |

specimen (photo only), feeding on Euphorbia, 9 July 1992, S.A. Marshall; 10°22 9, 30 June

2000, M. Buck; 10", yellow pans, 8 June 2001, M. Buck; 10°29 9, sandy field, 15 June 2001,

S.M. Paiero; 19, sandy field, white pans, 7 September 2001, Buck & Paiero; 29 9, sandy field, 7

September 2001, S.M. Paiero; 20’C’, sandy field, yellow pans, 23 May 2002, Buck & Paiero; 10

19, 15 June 2003, S.A. Marshall; Lambton Co., | nymph, Walpole Island, 4 August 1996, J. & A.

Skevington; Essex Co., Windsor, Ojibway Prairie Provincial Nature Reserve, 1 2, 18 August 1980,

K.N. Barber; | nymph, 21 July 2000, S.A. Marshall; 1 nymph, 20 July 2002, S.A. Marshall; 10", 8-

9 July 2002, S.A. Marshall; 19, 30-31 July 2002, S.M Paiero; 10", sweeps, 25 June 2001, S.M.

Paiero.

Cydnidae

Pangaeus bilineatus (Say)

This is Ontario’s only Pangaeus and the largest (5-8 mm) burrower bug in Ontario. This

species has been recorded from Quebec, but neither the genus nor the species was previously

known from Ontario. Slater and Baranowski (1978) state that this is a rare species in the northern

USA and that “old records from Quebec and New England need verification”. Ontario records are

from several Carolinian sites. It was first recorded from Point Pelee’s east beach in September

1997 (photo only). McPherson (1982) records several host plants.

Specimen Data: Essex Co., 10’, Pelee Island, Porchuk property, malaise, 9-28 August 2002,

Porchuk & Marshall; 19 Pelee Island, Lighthouse Point Prov. Nat. Res., 8 June 2002, M. Buck;

10’, Pelee Island, Fish Point Prov. Nat. Res., 8 June 2002, S.A. Marshall; 19, Pelee Island, East

Park campground, 7 June 2002, S.A. Marshall; | specimen (photo only), Point Pelee Ntnl. Pk.,

east beach, September 1997, S.A. Marshall; 1 2, Point Pelee Ntnl. Pk., Opuntia field, yellow pans,

24-25 July 2003, Cheung & Paiero; | nymph, Point Pelee Ntnl. Pk., wooded area by West beach,

malaise/pan traps, 10-23 September 1999, O. Lonsdale; 19, Point Pelee-Ntnl. Pk., De Laurier

Trail, 14 August 2003, M. Buck; 1 9, Point Pelee Ntnl. Pk., The Dunes, 24 July 2003, S.M. Paiero;

10°29 Q, Point Pelee Ntnl. Pk., Opuntia field, 11-17 July 2003, D. Cheung; 1 2 Ruscom Shores

Conservation Area, E of Deerbrook, 8 July 2002, S.A. Marshall; 192, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie

Prov. Nat. Res., 8-9 July 2002, S.A. Marshall.

Nabidae

Anaptus major (Costa)

This species is recorded for the first time in Ontario. Anaptus major is an introduced Palearctic

species that was first recorded in North America by Barber (1932). It has since been recorded from

eastern North America in New York and Pennsylvania (Wheeler 1976) and has been recorded in

Canada from British Columbia (Lattin 1966). This species can be distinguished from other nabids

in eastern Canada by the characters given in Lariviére (1992).

Specimen Data: Grey Co., 12, Owen Sound, meadow, 17 September 1989, G.J. Suchomel;

Niagara Reg., | 9, Vineland, 2 August 1958, C.A. Small; 19, Vineland, June 1956, H.W.H. Zavitz;

Halton Reg., 12, Oakville, 3 August 1977, W.A. Attwater; 19, Oakville, nr. Hwy #25 &

Burnhamthorpe Rd., yellow pans, 12-14 September 2003, S.M. Paiero; Hamilton-Wentworth

Reg., 12 Borers Falls, 14 August 1978, B. Watner; 19, Elgin Co., Rodney, 29 August 1983,

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M. Mezenberg; Wellington Co., Guelph, University of Guelph Arboretum (south), 1 9, field sweep,

31 July 1997, D.C. Caloren; 19, field/rocky trail, 17 August 1997, D.C. Caloren; 19, Guelph, 15

July 1976, W.A. Attwater; 19, Guelph, flower, 25 September 1984, T. Young.

Hoplistoscelis sordidus Reuter

This is the second Hoplistoscelis to be recorded from Canada, and the first record of the genus

from eastern Canada. This nabid, commonly collected in its brachypterous form throughout the

eastern USA, has probably been overlooked in Canada due to its resemblance to nymphal Nabis.

Hoplistoscelis is readily distinguished from other nabids in eastern Canada by the denticulate fore

and mid femora (Harris 1928). Blades and Marshall (1994) tentatively recorded this species from

Ontario but further study of their material revealed that their specimens were species of Nabis.

Specimen Data: Haldimand-Norfolk Reg., 19, Manestar Tract, 6km NNW St. Williams,

forest, white pans, 15 June 2001, Buck, Paiero & McKendry; Essex Co., Windsor, Ojibway Prairie

Prov. Nat. Res., 12, yellow pans, 29 June-3 July 2001, S.M. Paiero; 19, 18-19 June 2002, O.

Lonsdale; 10", 26-27 August 2002, S.M. Paiero; 1 9 , Ojibway Prairie Prov. Nat. Res., nr. Sprucewood

Ave. observation point, yellow pans, 12-13 September 2002, Buck & Paiero; Lambton Co., Port

Franks, Watson Property nr. L-Lake, 10" 17 September 1996, J. Skevington; 19, 15 June 1996, J.

Skevington; 12, 20 June 1996, J. Skevington; Kent Co., 19, Wheatley, 11 August 1973, R.E.

Roughley; 1 9, Rondeau Prov. Pk., Harrison trail nr. Group campground, 17 June 2003, S.M. Paiero;

12, Rondeau Prov. Pk., Tulip Tree trail, Carolinian forest, sweeps, 7 September 2003, M. Buck;

10°32 Q, Clear Creek Res., 10 October 2003, Marshall & Paiero; Wellington Co., 12, Guelph,

grass, 10 October 1984, T. Young; 10’, Guelph, University of Guelph w. campus grove, sweep net,

26 September 1990, M.M. Castillo; 19, Crieff, 2 km SE on 7" Conc., 30 August 2002, S.A. Marshall.

Metatropiphorus belfragei Reuter

The genus is recorded for the first time in Canada. Whereas this species is apparently scarce

throughout the eastern United States (Slater and Baranowski 1978), it has been recorded from

several northeastern states (Harris 1928) and it is not surprising to find it in Canada. It can be

distinguished from other Ontario nabids by the 1st antennomere being longer than the head and by

the lack of tibial pads.

Specimen Data: Halton Reg., 1 9 , Oakville, nr. Hwy. #25 & Burnhamthorpe Rd., 9-10 August

2003, S.M. Paiero.

Pentatomidae

Most members of the Pentatomidae are relatively conspicuous and well-known insects,

therefore the discovery of four pentatomids new to Canada shows how poorly known our Carolinian

fauna was before this study. These species are best separated from other eastern Pentatomidae by

the keys given in McPherson (1982).

Amaurochroa ovalis Barber & Sailer

This species is recorded for the first time in Canada. One other species (A. cinctipes (Say))

was previously known from eastern Canada. Amaurochroa is generally associated with damp grassy

areas or streamside vegetation (McPherson 1982) and the specimens collected from Pelee Island

were found on an unidentified grass.

Specimen Data: Essex Co., 19, Ojibway Prairie Prov. Nat. Res., yellow pans, 12-15 June

2001, S.M. Paiero; 70'0'59 9, Pelee Island, Fish Point Prov. Nat. Res., Marshall & Paiero.

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Banasa euchlora Stal

This species is recorded for the first time in Canada. It is known to occur throughout the

eastern US, where it feeds on cedar and juniper trees (McPherson 1982).

Specimen Data: Essex Co., 10’, Point Pelee Ntnl. Pk., 23 August 2000, O. Lonsdale; Halton

Reg., 10’, Milton, Derry Rd. and 4" Line, at light, 23 August 2002, S.M. Paiero.

Dendrocoris humeralis (Uhler)

This genus is recorded for the first time in Canada. Dendrocoris humeralis is found throughout

the eastern USA and is known to feed on oak, hickory, pine, peach, brome grass, locust, elderberry,

and raspberry (McPherson 1982).

Specimen Data: Essex Co., 10’, Windsor, ~1.5 km S Ojibway Prairie Prov. Nat. Res., prairie

remnant-forest edge, malaise, 1-19 August 2001, P. Pratt; Halton Reg., Oakville, nr. Hwy #25 &

Burnhamthorpe Rd., 200", 30 August 2003, S.M. Paiero; 10", 12 September 2003, S.M. Paiero; |

oO’, forest, malaise, 14 September-1 October 2003, S.M. Paiero; Haldimand-Norfolk Reg., 1 nymph,

Turkey Point Prov. Pk., prey of Astata nubecula Cresson (Crabronidae), 17 August 2003, M. Buck;

Lambton Co., 19, Port Franks, Karner Blue Sanctuary, malaise, 8-10 June 1996, J. Skevington.

Reduviidae

Pnirontis modesta Banks

The genus and species is recorded from Canada for the first time. This species was known

previously in the east from Virginia south to Florida, west to Texas and north to Indiana (Barber

1929) and Illinois (Hagerty and McPherson 1999). This dull yellow assassin bug is distinguished

from other reduviids in Ontario by the branched spines below the eye, a ventral row of spines on

the first antennal segment, the blunt spine on the apex of the first antennal segment, and two rows

of spines on the fore tibia.

Specimen Data: Kent Co., 10’, Rondeau Prov. Pk., Visitors Centre, mercury vapour light, 3

July 2003, S.M. Paiero.

Rhynocoris ventralis (Say)

This genus is newly recorded for Ontario. It is a widely distributed species in the USA east of

the Rocky Mountains, and is previously known in Canada from British Columbia east to Manitoba.

Rhynocoris ventralis is the only black and red assassin bug in Ontario.

Specimen Data: Haldimand-Norfolk Reg., Manestar Tract, 6km NNW St. Williams, sandy

field, 19, 3 June 2000, M. Buck; 2 2 9, white pans, 25 July 2000, M. Buck; 19, white pans, 15

June 2001, Buck, Paiero & McKendry; 20'0'29 9, yellow pans, 25 June 2001, M. Buck; 10’,

white pans, 25 June 2001, M. Buck; 10’, 15 June 2001, S.M. Paiero; 10", white pans, 3 August

2001, Buck & Parchami-Araghi.

Rhyparochromidae

Eremocoris setosus Blatchley

This species was previously known from Quebec and is recorded in the USA from Ohio south

to Florida (Slater and Baranowski 1990). No hosts are recorded. This species can be distinguished

from other Eremocoris by the unicolourous dark brown colouration and the dense long setae of the

body.

Specimen Data: Bruce Co., 19, Alvar nr. Dyers Bay Rd. & Hwy #6, pan trap, 31 May-8

June 2000, C.S. Onodera.

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2) Suborder Auchenorrhyncha (superfamilies Cicadoidea and Fulgoroidea)

Although a larger and less thoroughly documented group than the Heteroptera, the

Auchenorrhyncha of Ontario have been extensively studied (e.g., Hamilton 1992; Bouchard et al.

2002), and the checklist in Maw et al. (2000) included virtually all of the species taken in recent

collecting and survey work outside a few Carolinian sites. For example, of 2202 specimens and

147 species of Auchenorrhyncha recently collected as part of a survey of insects of the upper

Bruce Peninsula, many species were previously known only from a few localities in Canada, however

all but one were previously recorded from Canada. As was the case for the Heteroptera, the new

records of Auchenorrhyncha have generally been discovered in small and environmentally sensitive

patches of habitat in Carolinian Ontario.

Cicadellidae

Cuerna fenestella Hamilton

This distinctive species is newly recorded from Ontario and is abundant in a small portion of

the Ojibway Prairie Provincial Nature Reserve. Like its common congener C. striata (Walker),

which is well known and abundant in Ontario, C. fenestella overwinters as an adult and can be

found in large numbers very early in the spring, although adults have been taken in every warm

month of the year. Cuerna fenestella was not previously recorded east of Manitoba (Hamilton

1970). In Ontario, it is restricted to tallgrass prairie. The host plant is unknown.

Specimen Data: Essex Co., Windsor, Ojibway Prairie Prov. Nat. Res., 12, 26 June 1997,

S.A. Marshall, 1 specimen, 12 September 1999, S.A. Marshall; 1 specimen, 29 April 2000, S.A.

Marshall; 1 specimen, 27 May 2000, S.A. Marshall; 120°C" 169 9, 3 May-12 October 2001, yellow

pan traps, Paiero et al.

Neokolla lugubris (Signoret)

This species is newly recorded from Canada. Neokolla lugubris is a senior synonym of Keonolla

dolobrata (Ball), and also has been placed in Graphocephala (Young 1977) where it was erroneously

treated as a synonym of G. hieroglyphica (Say). Hamilton and Langor (1987) discuss the problem

of the identity of Neokolla hieroglyphica (Say).

Specimen Data: Essex Co., 10”, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie Prov. Nat. Res., sweeps and yellow

pans, 13-14 July 2001, S.M. Paiero.

Polyamia herbida DeLong

This species is newly recorded from Canada. Polyamia herbida is a prairie species previously

known only from Illinois (Sinada and Blocker 1994).

Specimen Data: Bruce Co., 20°C 22 9 (CNCI), 8 km SE of Tobermory, 17 August 1988,

K.G.A. Hamilton.

Scaphoideus frisoni DeLong & Mohr

This is species is newly recorded from Canada. Nothing is known about the biology of S.

frisoni except that it, like most of its congeners, inhabits understory vegetation in woodlands.

Specimen Data: Bruce Co., 1c’, Dunks Bay, Adam’s farm, malaise, 10-29 August 1997,

S.A. Marshall: Essex Co., 10’, Point Pelee Ntnl. Pk., malaise & pan trap, 26 July - 4 August 1999,

A. Tesolin.

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Delphacidae

Delphacodes waldeni Metcalf

This species is newly recorded from Canada. This species was previously known only from

Connecticut (Metcalf 1923). Nothing is known about its host plants.

Specimen Data: Essex Co., 10’, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie Prov. Nat. Res., unburnt woods,

yellow pans, 30 August-4 September 2001, S.M. Paiero.

Megamelus davisi Van Duzee

This species is newly recorded from Canada. It is known to feed on the leaves of water lilies

(Nuphar advena (Aiton), Wilson and McPherson 198 1a).

Specimen Data: Essex Co., 49 9, Point Pelee Ntnl. Pk., Marsh trail, 23 August 2000, O.

Lonsdale.

Megamelus metzaria Crawford

This species is newly recorded in Ontario. Megamelus metzaria had previously been known

from Saskatchewan to Nova Scotia, with the exception of Ontario. It is known to feed on Spartina

(Wilson et al. 1993).

Specimen Data: Essex Co., Ojibway Prairie Prov. Nat. Res., yellow pans, 1 9 , 4-7 September

2001, S.M. Paiero; 10", 14-18 September 2001, S.M. Paiero; 20°0"19, 2-5 October 2001, S.M.

Paiero; Thunder Bay Distr., 1’ (CNCID), Thunder Bay, Manitou Mounds, 19 July 2002, R. Foster.

Pentagramma douglasensis Penner

This species is newly recorded from Canada. It was previously only known from Michigan

(Penner 1947).

Specimen Data: Manitoulin Distr., 12 (CNCI), Manitoulin Island, 14 km E of Meldrum

Bay, 19 August 1988, K.G.A. Hamilton.

Stenocranus delicatus Beamer

This species is newly recorded from Canada. It is a prairie species previously known only

from Kansas and Illinois (Beamer 1946).

Specimen Data: Manitoulin Distr., 1 o’49 29 (CNCI), Manitoulin Island, 14 km E of Meldrum

Bay, 19 August 1988, K.G.A. Hamilton.

Derbidae

Anotia westwoodi Fitch

This species is newly recorded from Canada. This species feeds on various deciduous trees

(Dozier 1926), and has previously been recorded from the northeastern USA (Wilson and McPherson

1980a).

Specimen Data: Essex Co., 10°, Windsor, Ojibway Ojibway Prairie Prov. Nat. Res., nr.

Sprucewood Ave. observation point, yellow pans, 28-29 August 2002, Buck & Paiero.

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Cedusa kedusa McAtee

This species is newly recorded from Canada. Although no host plants have been recorded, C.

kedusa likely feeds on a variety of deciduous trees like its congeners (Dozier 1926) and is widely

distributed throughout the eastern USA from New York to Florida (Wilson and McPherson 1980a).

Specimen Data: Lambton Co., 20'0'13@ Q, Port Franks, Karner Blue Sanctuary, malaise,

27 June-30 July 1996, J. Skevington.

Otiocerus abbotti Kirby

This species is newly recorded from Canada. It is known throughout the northeastern USA

and south into Florida (Wilson and McPherson 1980a). Dozier (1926) records it on oak (Quercus).

Specimen Data: Kent Co., 10, Rondeau Prov. Pk., Spicebush trail, Carolinian forest, malaise,

15 August-7 September 2003, Marshall et al.

Otiocerus amyotii Fitch

This species is newly recorded from Canada. It has been recorded as feeding on “hickory and

other forest trees” (Dozier 1926) but probably feeds on a variety of deciduous trees. It is known

throughout the northeastern USA and south into North Carolina (Wilson and McPherson 1980a).

Specimen Data: Hamilton-Wentworth Reg., Dundas, 49 °, 22-29 July 1980, E.A. Menard.

Otiocerus balli McAtee

This species is newly recorded from Canada. This species likely feeds exclusively on deciduous

trees (Dozier 1926) and has been recorded in the northeastern USA (as Shellenius, Wilson and

McPherson 1980a).

Specimen Data: Algoma Distr., 10, Hilton Beach, hardwood forest/field malaise, 7 August

1987, F.W. & J.H. Swann; 19, Hilton Beach, forest/field malaise, 1-3 August 1987, FW. & J.H.

Swann.

Syntames uhleri (Ball)

This genus and species, previously known from the northeastern USA, are recorded for the

first time in Canada from a fen near the town of Richmond. Dozier (1926) recorded it from an

ironweed leaf (Vernonia sp.) and from sweep netting samples taken in deciduous woods throughout

the northeastern USA from New York south into Mississippi (as Omolicna, Wilson and McPherson

1980a).

Specimen Data: Carleton Co., 10°19, Richmond, 8 km S, fen, sweeping, 22 August 2000,

M. Buck.

Flatidae

Anormenis septentrionalis (Spinola)

This genus is newly recorded from Canada. This species is widespread in the eastern USA

(Wilson and McPherson 1981b), and it is not surprising to find it in southern Ontario. Unlike some

other fulgoroids, such as Acanalonia conica (Say), which have expanded their range northward

over the past few decades (Pechuman and Wheeler 1981), A. septentrionalis has been part of our

fauna for some time and specimens are known from as early as 1961 (two specimens, labelled

“Windsor” but probably from Ojibway Prairie). This species is known to have a wide host plant

range of more than 40 species (Wilson and McPherson 1980b).

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Specimen Data: Essex Co., 20°C’, Windsor, 12 August 1961, G.P. Brumpton; 19, Windsor,

10 August 1977, C.A. Schisler; 10°29 9, Windsor, ~1.5km S Ojibway Prairie Prov. Nat. Res.,

malaise, 22 September-13 October 2001, S.M. Paiero; 19, malaise, 1-22 September 2001, S.M.

Paiero; 19, Harrow, grass/tree field, sweep net, 8 August 1997, P. Livingston; 10’, Woodsley, 9

August 1976, J. Hearty; Hamilton-Wentworth Reg., 19, Dundas, North Shore trails, 25 August

2002, S.A. Marshall; Kent Co., 19, Clear Creek Res., 10 October 2003, S.M. Paiero; 12, Wyoming,

flower, 26 August 2000, J. Smith; Lambton Co., 10’, Sarnia, Lambton College, 4 September

1996, J. Skevington.

Ormenoides venusta (Melichar)

This genus is newly recorded from Canada. It was previously known from the eastern USA

south to Florida and Texas (Wilson and McPherson 1981b). Wilson and McPherson (1980b) record

it from Carya, Juglans, Ulmus, Pyrus, and Vitis; we have observed it feeding on Cornus.

Specimen Data: Essex Co. Windsor, Ojibway Prairie Prov. Nat. Res., 12, 13 August 2002,

S.A. Marshall; 5C’o", 12-13 September 2002, S.M. Paiero; 90°05 9 2, 26-27 September 2002,

S.M. Paiero.

Fulgoridae

Scolops pungens Germar

This species is newly recorded from Ontario and was previously tentatively recorded from

Saskatchewan and Manitoba (Maw et al. 2000). Scolops species are known to feed on a variety of

grasses, and individuals are commonly collected by sweeping grasses in late summer. No specific

hosts are recorded for this species.

Specimen Data: Essex Co., 19, Harrow, overgrown lot, sweep net, 10 August 1987, P.

Livingston; 1C’(CNCI), Leamington, 15 August 1970, T.D. Galloway; York Reg., 10’, Toronto,

27 July 1981, L. Coote.

Issidae

Thionia elliptica Germar

This species is newly recorded from Canada. Little is known about the host plants of T. e/liptica,

although its sister species, T. bullata, is known to feed on oaks and hickory (Dozier 1926), and it is

likely that T. e/liptica feeds on a similar range of hosts. Thionia bullata is relatively rare in Ontario,

having only been recorded from four females taken at different sites (Bothwell, 17 August 1974;

Niagara Glen, 20 August 1998; St. Davids, 20 August 1934; Rondeau Provincial Park, 4 October

2001). Both species occur throughout the northeastern USA (Wilson and McPherson 1980a).

Specimen Data: Hamilton-Wentworth Reg., 19, Hamilton, 21 June 1983, G.L. Livingston.

Membracidae

Acutalis inornata Ball

This species is newly recorded in Canada. This species was previously recorded from Missouri

(Kopp and Yonke 1973a) and Florida (Van Duzee 1917). While some authors have regarded A.

inornata to be a colour variety of A. tartarea (Say) (Kopp and Yonke 1973a; Tsai and Kopp 1980),

we regard A. inornata as a distinct species from A. tartarea and A. brunnea (Provancher) as none

of the specimens examined (12 A. tartarea, 97 A. brunnea) exhibited any tendencies towards the

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

paler form of A. inornata. The three species can be identified by the following characters: A.

tartarea has a completely black pronotum with the forewing, except for the apical cells, black and

opaque; A. inornata is completely pale with hyaline forewings; A. brunnea is marked with black

on the pronotum with hyaline forewings. Although Kopp and Yonke (1973b) record several hosts

for the Acutalis tartarea, no specific hosts are specifically mentioned for A. inornata as it was

considered to be a colour variety of A. tartarea.

Specimen Data: Lambton Co., 1 9(CNCI), Grand Bend, 11 July 1939, G.E. Shewell.

Microcentrus perditus (Amyot & Serville)

This species is newly recorded from Ontario and is distinctive from other Ontario membracids

with its pair of flattened pronotal horns, visible scutellum and bark-like appearance. The recorded

host plants are scrub oak and bur oak (Kopp and Yonke 1973b; Hamilton 1985). The second species

of Microcentrus, M. caryae (Fitch) feeds on hickory (Carya sp.) and is known in Canada from

Ontario and Quebec (Maw et al. 2000). Both species occur in the northeastern USA (Kopp and

Yonke 1973b; Hamilton 1985) but are uncommonly collected.

Specimen Data: Haldimand-Norfolk Reg., 19, Manestar Tract, 6 km NNW St. Williams,

on Crategus, 15 June 2001, S.M. Paiero.

Publilia reticulata Van Duzee

This species is newly recorded from Canada. Kopp and Yonke (1973b) record this species

from many eastern states including nearby Ohio and Pennsylvania. It is recorded feeding on

ironweed (Vernonia sp.) and asters (ASter sp.).

Specimen Data: Essex Co., Windsor, Ojibway Prairie Prov. Nat. Res., 1o” 27 May 2000,

S.A. Marshall; 200", 3 May 2001, O. Lonsdale; 50'0'5Q Q, yellow pans, 3-22 May 2001, S.M.

Paiero; 40°C" 19, sweep, 30 May 2001, S. Goodfellow; 10", yellow pans, 8-12 June 2001, Fawdry

& Kuipers; 10’, yellow pans, 12-15 June 2001, S.M. Paiero; 10", yellow pans, 10-14 August 2001,

S.M. Paiero; 10° 19, yellow pans, 28 September-5 October 2001, S.M. Paiero; 20°C’, yellow

pans, 30 May 2002, S.M. Paiero; 10719, 18-19 June 2002, O. Lonsdale; 19, Windsor, ~1.5 km S

Ojibway Prairie Prov. Nat. Res., malaise, 5-12 June 2001, S.M. Paiero.

Telamona fitchi Ball

This species is newly recorded from Canada. It is a rare species previously known from

Maryland, New York and Pennsylvania (Ball 1931). Its plant host is unknown.

Specimen Data: Lambton Co., 1 9(CNCI), Port Franks, Karner Blue Sanctuary, 1 September

1994, K. Stead.

Telamona gibberata Ball

This species is newly recorded from Canada. Ball (1931) records it on hackberry (Celtis), but

one specimen recorded here was found on blue beech (Carpinus caroliniana Walt.). This species

shows considerable sexual dimorphism in the pronotal crest shape. Kopp and Yonke (1974) record

it from Illinois, lowa, Nebraska, New Jersey, Texas and Louisiana.

Specimen Data: Lambton Co., 1 9(CNCI), Sarnia, 14 July 1974, K.G.A. Hamilton; Prince

Edward Co., 10’ (CNCI), 28 June 1945, Brimley; 10’(CNCI), “beaten from blue beech”, 14 August

1937, Brimley.

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

3) Suborder Sternorrhyncha

Although the recent checklist does cover the Sternorrhyncha, these generally small, soft-

bodied insects are not as well documented as the other Hemiptera suborders. Because they often

require special preparation, and because most taxa are identifiable only by a few specialists, they

have not been significant components of recent survey projects. Nonetheless, we can point to a few

species of Ontario Sternorrhyncha that were not included in Maw et al. (2000). The following

Sternorrhyncha can be added to our fauna:

Coccidae

Neolecanium cornuparvum (Thro)

The genus and species are newly recorded from Canada. The conspicuous Magnolia Scale,

the largest scale in eastern North America, was not included in Maw et al. (2000), although it is an

established pest of Magnolia in southern Ontario.

Specimen Data: Hamilton-Wentworth Reg., | 2(photo only), Hamilton, Royal Botanical

Gardens, August 1998, S.A. Marshall.

Pseudococcidae

Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni & Tozzetti)

The Long-tailed Mealybug is a well-known pest in many parts of the world, but has not been

formally recorded from Canada. It as a common pest on greenhouse and house plants in southern

Ontario.

Specimen Data: Wellington Co., 1 Q(photo only), Guelph, University of Guelph, in

greenhouse, September 1998, S.A. Marshall.

Psyllidae

Pachypsylla celtidisinteneris Mally

This species is newly recorded from Canada. Like other Pachypsylla, P. celtidisinteneris

forms galls on hackberry trees (Celtis spp.) (Tuthill 1943). It has previously been recorded from

Iowa, Illinois and Ohio (Tuthill 1943).

Specimen Data: Essex Co., 19, Pelee Island, Fish Point Pro. Nat. Res., 7 June 2002, S.M.

Paiero; Middle Island, 11 June 2003, S.A. Marshall, 10’, (collecting method not indicated);

60'0'29 &, shore, yellow pans; 29 9, yellow pans in mud; 10°39 , cormorant colony, yellow

pans.

4) Status of some previously recorded species

Skevington et al. (2001) also record several taxa not listed in Maw et al. (2000). Of these, we

were able to confirm Lepyronia gibbosa Ball (Cercopidae) and Trionymus winnemucae McKenzie

(Pseudococcidae) as present in Ontario. Specimens for two species recorded in Skevington et al.

(2001), Merocoris typhaeus (Fabricius) (Coreidae) and Balclutha manitou (Gillette and Baker)

(Cicadellidae), were examined and found to be misidentified specimens of M. distinctus Dallas

and B. impicta (Van Duzee) respectively. One specimen was tentatively identified as Telamona

gibbera Ball but was reidentified as Telamona fitchi Ball (see above). Aphis hamamelidis Pepper

was also recorded as new to Ontario, but we were unable to confirm its presence.

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

One pentatomid, Stiretrus anchorago (Fabricius), was previously recorded in Ontario

(McPherson 1982), but was not included in Maw et al. (2000). Its omission from the checklist

occurred presumably because no specimens were found in Canadian collections. Its presence in

Ontario is confirmed with the collection of several specimens (20°06 Q) from the Ojibway

Prairie Provincial Nature Reserve.

Other records in the literature since Maw et al. (2000) include Erythroneura carbonata McAtee,

recorded by Sauer (2002) as new to Ontario from the Ojibway Prairie Provincial Nature Reserve,

and Aphis glycines Matsumura, recorded by Larsen et al. (2002) in Ontario.

Discussion

Although Maw et al. (2000) provided a comprehensive list of Hemiptera taxa known from

Canada at that time, we list eight Heteroptera, twenty-one Auchenorrhyncha and three

Sternorrhyncha species new to Canada since then, as well as an additional four Heteroptera and

three Auchenorrhyncha new to Ontario. Although some of these new records merely represent

previously undocumented northern outliers of species widespread south of the border, many of the

new records are species that previously escaped detection because they are rare or highly habitat-

restricted in Canada. Species in the latter category are of particular interest as potentially threatened

or endangered species but further study is required.

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the following individuals and organizations: Paul Pratt for

his aid in running malaise and pan traps at the Ojibway Prairie Provincial Nature Reserve, Matthias

Buck and Owen Lonsdale for their efforts in the various survey projects, G.G.E. Scudder for

assistance in identification and confirmation of species. The authors would also like to thank the

following for financial support in documenting Ontario’s insect fauna: World Wildlife Fund, for

their support in documenting the insects of Ontario’s tallgrass prairies, Ontario Parks, for their

support of the Rondeau Provincial Park insect survey, Parks Canada, for their support of the survey

of Point Pelee National Park and the Erie Islands.

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Bouchard, P., K.G.A. Hamilton and T.A. Wheeler. 2002. Diversity and conservation status of prairie

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Dozier, H.L. 1926. The Fulgoridae or Planthoppers of Mississippi, including those of possible

occurrence. Mississippi Agriculture Experimental Station Technical Bulletin No. 14. 152 pp.

Hagerty, A.M. and J.E. McPherson. 1999. Survey of the Reduviidae (Heteroptera) of southern

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Hamilton, K.G.A. 1970 The genus Cuerna (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) in Canada. Canadian

Entomologist, 102: 425-441.

Hamilton, K.G.A. 1985. Leafhoppers of Ornamental and Fruit Trees in Canada. Agriculture Canada

Publication 1779/E. 71 pp.

Hamilton, K.G.A. 1992. Leafhopper evidence for origins of northeastern relict prairies (Insecta:

Homoptera: Cicadellidae), pp. 61-70 in: R.G. Wickett et al., eds. Proceedings of the Thirteenth

North American Prairie Conference: Spirit of the Land, our Prairie Legacy. Preney Print &

Litho.

Hamilton, K.G.A. and D.W. Langor. 1987. Leafhopper fauna of Newfoundland and Cape Breton

Islands (Rhynchota: Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Canadian Entomologist, 119: 663-695.

Harris, H.M. 1928. A monographic study of the hemipterous family Nabidae as it occurs in North

America. Entomologica Americana, 9: 1-97.

Kopp, D.D. and T.R. Yonke. 1973a. The treehoppers of Missouri: Part 1. Subfamilies Centrotinae,

Hoplophorioninae, and Membracinae (Homoptera: Membracidae). Journal of the Kansas

Entomological Society, 46: 42-64.

Kopp, D.D. and T.R. Yonke. 1973b. The treehoppers of Missouri: Part 2. Subfamily Smiliinae;

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Kopp, D.D. and T.R. Yonke. 1974. The treehoppers of Missouri: Part 4. Subfamily Smiliinae;

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129

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

HOST LOCATION BEHAVIOUR IN PELECINUS POLYTURATOR

(HYMENOPTERA: PELECINIDAE)

ANDREW M.R. BENNETT

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6

E-mail: bennetta@agr.gc.ca

Pelecinus polyturator (Drury) (Hymenoptera: Pelecinidae) is a relatively common

endoparasitoid wasp of june beetles, Phyllophaga spp. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) (Masner 1993;

Johnson et al. 1999). Its range extends from southeastern Canada to central Argentina (Johnson

and Musetti 1998). It exhibits “geographic parthogenesis” (Brues 1928) in which tropical populations

are bisexual whereas temperate populations consist predominantly of thelytokous females (Johnson

and Musetti 1998). Only three extant species comprise the genus and family (Johnson and Musetti

1999) and the relationships of the family within the Proctotrupoidea are unclear (see Koenigsmann

1978; Gibson 1985; Rasnitsyn 1988; Dowton et al. 1997). Despite the large size of P. polyturator

(body length up to 6 cm) and its relatively common occurrence in deciduous forests of eastern

North America, little has been documented about its biology and behaviour. Lim et al. (1980)

described the pupa (from one specimen), Aguiar (1997) described its mating behaviour (from one

pair) and Johnson et al. (1999) described the larva (from five specimens). Descriptions of the

collection of live P. polyturator have been made for over 100 years (e.g., Ashmead 1902; Brues

1928) and yet a detailed account of host location behaviour and/or oviposition has never been

made. The only previous description of these behaviours was made by Davis (1919) who reported

that P. polyturator inserts its entire metasoma into the soil during host location. The current short

communication describes and quantifies the elements of host location behaviour of P. polyturator

for the first time.

A female P. polyturator was collected by hand (CANADA, Ontario, York Region, nw. of

Newmarket, 28 August 1996, Bennett) (voucher deposited at the Canadian National Collection of

Insects, Ottawa). It was kept in the laboratory in a terrarium, the bottom six cm of which was filled

with potting soil. Twenty-four third instar Phyllophaga sp. grubs were added to the soil and allowed

to burrow. A Panasonic Omnimovie® video camera was used to record the interactions.

Under a white 60 W incandescent light bulb, no probing of the soil with the metasoma was

seen for two days; however, within ten minutes of changing the light source to a red 60 W

incandescent bulb, probing was observed. During six hours of observation, the wasp spent most of

the time (more than five hours) wandering the terrarium (wandering behaviour) with no apparent

interest in the grubs moving in the soil below. Host location behaviour was considered to have

commenced when the wasp’s antennae ceased movement completely and the distal segments

appeared to be touching the soil. At this time, the metasoma was not in contact with the soil, but

was held aloft with the distal segments curved downwards and anteriorly towards the mesosoma.

After a period of time (usually less than ten seconds), the wasp rotated its body (rotation behaviour)

to orient its head over a new area of soil and once again ceased movement. The rotation of the body

(as seen in dorsal view) was 30 — 270° from the original direction when motion ceased (usually 90

— 180°). There was no discernible pattern to the angle of rotation or to the direction (clockwise,

counter-clockwise, or alternating). Rotation of the body was usually, but not always, followed by

insertion of the metasoma into the soil. If insertion did not occur, the wasp returned to wandering

behaviour. The duration of rotation behaviour ranged from 35 — 240 seconds (mean = 95 seconds;

n= 8).

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Insertion of the metasoma was witnessed seven times in six hours. In order to insert the

metasoma into the soil, the wasp held the first and second metasomal segments vertically upwards

and the third and distal segments curved downwards and anteriorly toward the mesosoma. The

posterior end of the second metasomal segment was then levered down to a horizontal position,

which pushed the distal segments into the soil. Insertion was also facilitated by side to side movement

of the metasoma, by twisting of the body around the point of insertion, and by raking of the hind

tarsi to pull soil from the insertion point. Occasionally one hind leg was used to brace the metasoma

as it entered the soil and the wasp sometimes climbed partially up the side of the terrarium to help

lever the metasoma into the soil. The flexibility of the metasoma (as reported by Mason 1984)

allowed the wasp to probe not only vertically down into the soil, but also horizontally in a posterior

or anterior direction. On several occasions, the entire length of the metasoma and much of the

mesosoma was inserted (Fig. 1), showing that P. polyturator can reach grubs up to 5 cm below the

soil surface.

FIGURE 1. Female Pelecinus polyturator with metasoma completely inserted into soil during

host location.

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Metasomal insertion lasted 67 — 407 seconds (mean = 145 seconds; n = 7). In five of the

insertions, the metasoma was removed completely from the soil after probing, whereas in the other

two, removal was incomplete, followed by re-insertion and re-positioning of the metasoma in the

soil. Removal of the metasoma from the soil was rapid, and once completely removed, grooming

of the metasoma and wings with the hind legs ensued (10 — 25 seconds duration). Oviposition into

the grubs was not witnessed. The grubs seemed agitated when the wasp’s metasoma was probing

near them. During one metasomal insertion, a grub moved rapidly away from the tip of the metasoma

when it entered a gallery in which the grub was present. Later dissection of all the grubs revealed

no larvae.

Because this study is based on only one individual, a comparative discussion is not warranted.

It should be noted; however, that there is an almost complete lack of knowledge of host-searching

and/or oviposition behaviour in the entire superfamily Proctotrupoidea to which the Pelecinidae

belongs and so any information is valuable (see Huggert 1979 on the proctotrupid Cryptoserphus

foveolatus (MGller); Deyrup 1985 on the vanhorniid Vanhornia eucnemidarum Crawford). Attempts

to replicate my observations and to witness oviposition have been unsuccessful over the last eight

years which is the reason why the study is presented here as a short communication. Hopefully

these observations will stimulate and complement future investigations on host location and

oviposition behaviour of P. polyturator and other species with poorly known biology.

This study was supported by an NSERC operating grant to D.C. Darling (Royal Ontario

Museum). Thanks go to Dr. L. Masner (AAFC, Ottawa) for discussion of proctotrupoid behaviour

and systematics and to Dr. A. Stuart (previously Royal Ontario Museum) for help with filming. Dr.

G.A.P. Gibson (AAFC — Ottawa) and Dr. J. Huber (Canadian Forest Service, Ottawa) reviewed the

paper prior to submission and added valuable comments. Finally, this study would not have been

completed if not for the keen observational skills of Dr. C. Canil (Ottawa).

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fungus- and soil-inhabiting Diptera. Notulus Entomologicae, 59:139-144.

Johnson, N.F. and L. Musetti. 1998. Geographic variation in sex ratio in Pelecinus polyturator

(Drury) (Hymenoptera: Pelecinidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 7: 48-56.

Johnson, N.F. and L. Musetti. 1999. Revision of the proctotrupoid genus Pelecinus Latreille

(Hymenoptera: Pelecinidae). Journal of Natural History, 33: 1513-1543.

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Johnson, N.F., L. Musetti, J.B. Johnson and K. Katovich. 1999. The larva of Pelecinus polyturator

(Drury) (Hymenoptera: Pelecinidae). Proceedings of the Washington Entomological Society,

101: 64-68.

Koenigsmann, E. 1978. Das phylogenetische System der Hymenoptera. Teil 3: Terebrantes

(Unterordnung Apocrita). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitung, 25: 1-55.

Lim, K.P., W.N. Yule, and R.K. Stewart. 1980. A note on Pelecinus polyturator (Hymenoptera:

Pelecinidae), a parasite of Phyllophaga anxia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). The Canadian

Entomologist, 112: 219-220.

Masner, L. 1993. Superfamily Proctotrupoidea. pp.537-557. Jn H. Goulet and J.T. Huber (eds.)

Hymenoptera of the World: An Identification Guide to Families. Agriculture Canada Publication

1894/E 794 pp.

Mason, W.R.M. 1984. Structure and movement of the abdomen of female Pelecinus polyturator

(Hymenoptera: Pelecinidae). The Canadian Entomologist, 116: 419-426.

Rasnitsyn, A.P. 1988. An outline of the evolution of the hymenopterous insects (Order Vespida).

Oriental Insects, 22: 115-145.

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

EVIDENCE FOR THE EXTIRPATION OF CEROPALES BIPUNCTATA SAY

(HYMENOPTERA: POMPILIDAE) IN ONTARIO

WILLIAM GODSOE

6432 Glen Knolls, Orleans, Ontario, K1C2X2

E-mail: william_godsoe@hotmail.com,

A resurgence of interest in taxonomy has been fueled both by the application of new

technologies (e.g., DNA sequencing) and an interest in preserving biodiversity (Mallet and Willmott

2003). The latter interest requires not only the description of new taxa, but also attention to the

status of species already known, particularly in groups that are infrequently studied. This paper

argues that a species of spider wasp (Pompilidae), a group of generally dark, hairless, long legged

wasps, that are prone to quick movements and wing twitching in the field and which receive sporadic

taxonomic attention, has become extirpated in Ontario. Ceropales bipunctata is a relatively

conspicuous wasp, distinguished from most other pompilids in Ontario by its red metafemur, robust

appearance and large size (forewing 9-16mm long (Townes 1957)) (Fig. 1; http://www.uoguelph.ca/

~samarsha/ceropales.htm). Although this species seems to have been common in Ontario, it has

not been collected there in the past forty-five years.

FIGURE 1. Habitus of C. bipunctata, a species that can be distinguished from other Ontario

pompilids by its robust appearance and metafemur (the second segment visible on the hind leg in

this photo). See http://www.uoguelph.ca/~samarsha/ceropales.htm for a colour version of this

photograph.

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

To quantify the decline of C. bipunctata in Ontario, I examined all specimens of this species

in Ontario’s three largest insect collections: the Canadian National Collection [CNCI] in Ottawa,

the Royal Ontario Museum [ROME] collection in Toronto and the Department of Environmental

Biology, University of Guelph insect collection [DEBU] in Guelph. I verified unidentified material

where practical. Together these collections contained 105 specimens (see Appendix 1). Six of the

specimens were from other provinces in eastern Canada, and twenty-four contained no locality

information (presumably most of them are from Ontario). Informal inquiries were made at the

American Museum of Natural History [AMNH], University of Michigan [UMMZ], the Harvard

Museum of Comparative Zoology [MCZC] and with Dr. Marius Wasbauer. These four collections

contained 163 specimens and produced one Canadian record, housed at UMMZ and collected in

Toronto on 10 August 1892. Provancher (1889) provides an additional record, from a specimen

collected by M. Guignard in Ottawa.

Ceropales bipunctata was collected consistently in Ontario between the 1880s and the 1950s

(Fig. 2). The species was widely distributed in southern Ontario (Fig. 3) and has been collected in

this province by at least seventeen people. One collector (N. K. Bigelow) collected C. bipunctata

at two separate locations, Orono and Port Hope, on two consecutive days, while another (W. M.

Brodie) collected a series of thirty-six specimens in Toronto over a period of twenty-seven years

(1880-1907). These observations suggest that C. bipunctata was common in accessible habitats in

Ontario in the late 19" and early 20" century. This picture is consistent with observations made by

Townes (1957), that C. bipunctata is “commonly collected on Solidago flowers”, an abundant

group of flowers in old fields in Ontario (Semple et al. 1999). It is also consistent with the remarks

of Harrington (1908) who found the species abundant at least once near the northern limit of its

range; “One year it [C. bipunctata] was abundant in the Beaver Meadow (Hull [Quebec]) on the

flowers of Spirea, but since then I have only taken one male”. The species seems to have declined

in the 1950s. The last Ontario specimen of C. bipunctata was collected in Kingston by

number of specimens

1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950

decade

FIGURE 2. The number of Ontario specimens of C. bipunctata deposited per decade in the

University of Guelph, Royal Ontario Museum and Canadian National Collections. This species

has not been collected in Ontario since 1957. Only specimens with location labels were included.

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Kilometres

FIGURE 3. Historical range of C. bipunctata in Ontario, based on specimens deposited in Ontario’s

three largest insect collections.

E.H. Martin in 1957. Though the collections I contacted collectively housed nearly three hundred

specimens, there were no Canadian records from later than the 1950s, and no American records

from later than the early 1960s.

While it may be impossible to determine the reason for this decline, one can speculate on a

few potential causes. Species of Ceropales are cleptoparasites on other pompilids (Day 1988).

Ceropales bipunctata may have been susceptible to declines in either its pompilid hosts or the

spiders that the hosts preyed upon (M. Wasbauer pers. com.). While I was unable to find host

records, C. bipunctata’s large size probably forced it to specialize on a small number of large

pompilids such as some members of the genus Anoplius. This specialization may have made the

species more vulnerable than most cleptoparasites. Shaw and Hochberg (2001) point out that a

large swath of the parasitic hymenoptera may be similarly vulnerable because of their dependence

on particular host species. Pesticides might also be a factor, particularly given that C. bipunctata

declined during a period of increased pesticide use. Both pesticides and pathogens have been

suggested as possible causes for a similar decline in populations of Nicrophorus americanus Olivier

(Coleoptera: Silphidae) (Sikes and Raithel 2002).

Some change in collecting effort or methods might also affect the number of specimens taken

(a decrease in hand collecting in favor of passive methods might theoretically decrease the

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

number of specimens taken of a showy species like C. bipunctata for example). This, however,

seems to be a partial explanation at best. C. bipunctata is a large and attractive species and it is

unlikely that it would be ignored by Ontario naturalists for forty-five years. This coupled with its

absence from recent biological surveys such as those of Point Pelee (S. Marshall pers. com.), north

Lambton County (Skevington et al. 2001) and oak savannahs (Sugar et al. 1998) strongly suggest

that the apparent decline is not due to a lack of collecting.

The pattern of decline in this species is also consistent with those of at least two other Ontario

insects that are now believed to be extirpated. The decline of Nicrophorus americanus Olivier, a

large and showy carrion beetle, was first noticed because of a lack of specimens in recent collections

(Baldwin 1975; Davis 1980). N. americanus is now believed to occupy less than 10% of its historic

range (Sikes and Raithel 2002). Similar work has also shown a decline in Polystoechotes punctatus

(Fabricius) (Neuroptera: Polystoechotidae), which has not been collected in Ontario since the 1950s

(Marshall 1996).

It is important for Ontario naturalists to look for C. bipunctata. It is relatively distinctive and

so either a collected specimen or a good photograph should suffice for the purposes of identification.

This species should also be noted in areas outside of Ontario. Townes (1957) reported C. bipunctata

from nearly all of eastern North America and considering the lack of recent specimens in the

American collections contacted it is possible that the species has declined throughout a major part

of its range. Ceropales bipunctata is most likely to be found in late summer (half of the Ontario

records occurred between August the 13th and September the 4th) in open areas with flowers.

Appendix 1: Specimens of C. bipunctata in the collections visited.

W. M. Brodie=WMB

Ontario: Bobcaygeon: 29 August 1954, R. Lambert [CNCI]; Chatham: 21 August 1913, F.

W. Sladen [2 specimens, CNCI]; 5 August 1948, John Martin Collection [CNCI]; Degrassi Point:

13 August [19]14, E. M. Walker [ROME]; Grimsby: 10 September, [18]94 [collector unknown,

CNCI]; Hastings: 1 September [19]04, Evans [CNCI]; Hyde Park Corner: 11 August [19]02, J. A.

Morden [CNCI]; Jordan: 16 September 1914, W. A. Ross [DEBU]; Kingston: 26 July 1957, J. E.

H. Martin [CNCI]; Orono: 3 September [19]25, N. K. Bigelow [4 specimens; ROME]; London: W.

H. Saunders [no date, 2 specimens, DEBU]; Orangeville: 19 August 1954, D. H. Pengelly [DEBU];

Ottawa: 22 August [18]93, W. Harrington collection [CNCI]; 14 August 1912, JIB [CNCI]; W. H.

Harrington [date unknown, CNCI]; [no collector or date, Det. Townes 1949, CNCI]; W. H.

Harrington [date unknown, DEBU]; Point Pelee: 13 August 1920, N. K. Bigelow [ROME]; 23

August [19]20, [no collector, ROME]; 9 September 1954, C. D. Miller [CNCI]; 9 September 1954,

W. R. Mason [CNCI]; Port Hope: 4 September [19]25, N. K. Bigelow [2 specimens, ROME];

Toronto: 16 September [18]80, WMB [ROME]; 17 September [18]80, WMB [2 specimens, ROME];

20 September [18]84, WMB [ROME]; 20 ? [18]84 [no collector, ROME]; 20 August [18]85, WMB

[ROME]; 9 August [18]86, WMB; 2 July [18]87, WMB [ROME]; 20 August [18]88, WMB [2

specimens, ROME]; 29 September [18]88, WMB [ROME]; 8 9 [? 8 August 18]89 [collector

unknown, CNCI]; 7 August [18]90, WMB [ROME]; 28 August [18]90, WMB [ROME]; 30 August

[18]90, WMB [2 specimens, ROME]; 30 August [18]90 [no collector, ROME]; 18 June [18]91,

WMB [ROME]; 28 August [18]91, [collector unknown, CNCI]; 4 September [18]91, WMB

[ROME]; 13 September [18]91, WMB [2 specimens, ROME]; 2 September [18]92, WMB [ROME];

3 September [18]92, WMB [ROME]; 10 August [18]93, WMB [ROME]; 20 August [18]93, WMB

[2 specimens, ROME]; 23 August [18]93, WMB [ROME]; 25 August [18]93 [collector unknown,

CNCI); 28 August [18]93, WMB [ROME]; 2 September [18]93 [2 specimens, collector unknown,

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

CNCI]; 3 September [18]93, WMB [ROME]; 10 September [18]93, WMB [ROME]; 2 July [18]94,

WMB [ROME]; 24 August [18]94, WMB [ROME]; 9 8 [? 9 July 18]94, [collector unknown,

CNCI]; 25 August [18]95, WMB [ROME]; | September [18]95, WMB [ROME]; ?2 April [19]07,

WMB [ROME]; 12 August [19]07, WMB [ROME]; WMB [no date, 2 specimens, ROME]; 1

September 1934, F. A. Urquhart [ROME]; Trenton: 20 September 1903, Evans [CNCI]; 10

September [19]05, [collector unknown, CNCI]; New Brunswick: Chippigan: 28 July 1939, J.

McDunnough [CNCI]; Tracadie: 30 July 1939, J. McDunnough [CNCI] Prince Edward Island:

Brackley Beach: 14 July 1940, J. McDunnough [CNCI]; Quebec: Hemmingsford: 5 September

1925, T. Armstrong [CNCI]; 26 August 1931, J. B. Maltais [CNCI]; Hull: 8 August 1921, Tae

[CNC] No location: [?Ontario]: 25 August 1916 [illegible, CNCI]; division of entomology Ottawa

Canada [this is an institutional label not a locality, no date, Det. Townes 1949, CNCI]; specimens

G320-324 [CNCI]; Det. Townes 1949 [no other information, CNCI]; 9 August [190]7, WMB

[ROME]; 13 August [190]7, WMB [ROME]; 28 August ?1888, WMB [2 specimens; ROME];

WMB [no date, 10 specimens, ROME]; 6 August [18]86, WMB [2 specimens ROME]; [Unlabelled;

DEBU]}.

Acknowledgments

I thank Chris Darling, John Huber and Steve Marshall for giving me access to the ROME

CNCI and DEBU collections respectively. Gary Parsons kindly gave me a list of all specimens

from UMMZ, while Valerie Giles and Stefan Cover checked the AMNH and MCZC collections.

Helpful comments were provided by: Anurag Agrawal, Andrew Bennet, Matthias Buck, Henri

Goulet, John Huber, Marc Johnson, Steve Marshall, Lubomir Masner, Marius Wasbauer and two

anonymous peer reviewers. Jason Dombroskie kindly provided the photo of C. bipunctata. Ian

Smith provided the map of Ontario while Dave Cheung designed the web page.

References

Baldwin, B. 1975. A Faunal Study of Illinois Silphidae (Coleoptera). M.S. Thesis, University of

Illinois, Urbana, IL. 83 pp.

Davis L. R. 1980. Notes on beetle distributions, with a discussion of Nicrophorus americanus

Olivier and its abundance in collections (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Lampyridae, and Silphidae).

Coleopterist’s Bulletin 34: 245-251.

Day, M. C. 1988. Spider wasps: Hymenoptera: Pompilidae. Handbooks for the Identification of

British insects. Vol. VI, Part 4. Royal Entomological Society of London, London, England. 60

PP:

Harrington, W. 1908. Fauna Ottawaensis. Hymenoptera-Superfamily III-Vespoidea. The Ottawa

Naturalist 22: 69-78.

Mallet, J. and K. Willmott. 2003. Taxonomy: renaissance or Tower of Babel. Trends in Ecology

and Evolution. 18 2: 57-59

Marshall, S. M.1996. Polystoechotes punctatus- an extirpated giant. Ontario Insects | 3: 45.

Provancher, L. 1889. Additions et corrections au volume II de la faune entomologique du Canada,

traitent des Hyménoptéres. Québec. 475 pp.

Semple, J.,G. Ringlus and J. Zhang. 1999. The Goldenrods of Ontario: Solidago L. and Euthamia

Nutt. 3 Edition. University of Waterloo Biology Series. 39. 90 pp.

Shaw, M. and M. Hochberg, 2001. The neglect of parasitic Hymenoptera in insect conservation

strategies: the British fauna as a prime example. Journal of Insect Conservation 5: 253-263.

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario " Volume 134, 2003

SS ee

Sikes, D, S, and C, J, Raithel, 2002, A review of hypotheses of decline of the endangered American

burying beetle (Silphidae; Nicrophorus americanus Olivier), Journal of Insect Conservation

6; 103-113,

Skevington, J., D, Caloren, K, Stead, K, Zufelt, and J, Connop, 2001, Insects of North Lambton,

Lambton Wildlife Inc,, Sarnia, Ontario, 181 pp.

Sugar, A., A, Finnamore, H, Goulet, J, Cumming, J. Kerr, M, Giusti, and L. Packer, 1998. A

preliminary survey of symphytan and aculeate Hymenoptera from oak savannahs in southern

Ontario, Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Ontario 129; 9-18,

Townes, H, 1957, Nearctic wasps of the subfamilies Pepsinae and Ceropalinae, Bulletin of the

United States National Museum 209; 1-272. |

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

THE GIANT RESIN BEE, MEGACHILE SCULPTURALIS SMITH, AND OTHER

NEWLY INTRODUCED AND NEWLY RECORDED NATIVE MEGACHILIDAE AND

ANDRENIDAE (APOIDEA) FROM ONTARIO.

S.M. PAIERO and M. BUCK

Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph,

Guelph, ON, NIG 2W1

E-mail: spaiero@uoguelph.ca

Recent collecting in restricted tallgrass and oak savannah habitats in Ontario has shown the

bee fauna of these sites to be highly speciose. While several surveys have previously documented

the Apoidea from a few southern Ontario sites (MacKay and Knerer 1979; Sugar et al. 1998), and

have revealed several unrecorded and rare species in Ontario, many Carolinian sites remain to be

sampled, and potentially contain additional rare or previously unrecorded species. Current survey

work by personnel associated with the University of Guelph Insect Collection in several grassland

sites in southern Ontario has led to the discovery of several species new to Canada and Ontario.

As in many other groups of insects the Ontario bee fauna is undergoing changes because of

the arrival of foreign species accidentally introduced to North America. One of these new arrivals

is Anthidium manicatum (L.), which was recently recorded for the first time from Ontario (Smith

1991). This species is now well established in southern Ontario and locally common.

This paper adds one more invasive species of Megachilidae to Ontario and reports new Canadian

and Ontario records for three species of Megachilidae and Andrenidae.

New Apoidea Records

All specimens were identified using Mitchell (1960, 1962) unless otherwise stated. Depository

is the University of Guelph Insect Collection.

Megachilidae

Megachile (Callomegachile) sculpturalis Smith, 1853

Essex County: 20’ CO’, Ojibway Prairie Provincial Nature Reserve, 42°15’N 83°4’W, 30 July

2002, visiting flowers of Veronicastrum virginicum (Linnaeus), M. Buck; Point Pelee National

Park, West Beach, 1 Q visiting flowers of Melilotus alba Medikus (no pollen present in scopa), 29

July 2003, 10’, 13 August 2003, D. Cheung; Halton Region, 19, Nassagaweya Township,

Twinbrooks Tract, 20 July 2002, W.J. Crins.

Megachile sculpturalis is an eastern Palaearctic and Oriental species that has been introduced

to the eastern Nearctic region. This large bee, commonly referred to as the giant resin bee, is easily

distinguished from native megachilids by its relatively large size (~17-23 mm) and its infuscated

wings. Michener (2000) gives additonal characters to separate other Nearctic megachilids from M.

sculpturalis (the only Nearctic species in the subgenus Callomegachile).The specimens from

Ojibway Prairie are the first ones collected from Canada. However, shortly before this paper went

to print, Mangum and Sumner (2003) published the first observation of this species from Ontario.

Their sighting of a single female (apparently no voucher was collected) dates about one week later

(8 August 2002), from an unspecified locality in “southern Ontario” (l.c., p. 659). The first Nearctic

records of M. sculpturalis were from North Carolina in 1994 (Mangum and Brooks 1997). Since

then, the species has been recorded from 14 additional states in the eastern U.S.: Alabama,

Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Georgia, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Ohio,

Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia (Batra 1998; Kondo et al. 2000;

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

Ascher 2001; Mangum and Sumner 2003). Females of the subgenus Callomegachile line their

nests with mud, or more commonly tree resin (Batra 1998), unlike the native leaf-cutting Megachile,

which line their cells with pieces of vegetation that have been clipped by the female. Megachile

sculpturalis uses previously existing cavities to nest in, and commonly occupies abandoned Xylocopa

nests (Mangum and Brooks 1997; Ascher 2001). Mangum and Brooks (1997) recorded M.

sculpturalis from June to August. The species is polylectic (Mangum and Brooks 1997; Ascher

2001) and visits mainly flowers of introduced species in North America (Mangum and Sumner

2003). The above record from Veronicastrum virginicum (L.) represents a new flower record for

the species.

Stelis costalis Cresson, 1872

Essex County: Point Pelee National Park, 10’, 18 July 1978, D.H. Pengelly; 19, 20 July

1978, L. Templin; 30'C’, Point Pelee National Park, Opuntia field, 0.75 km N of Visitor Centre, 24

July 2003, S.M. Paiero; 2C’C’, Point Pelee National Park, Old Maintenance Yard, 41°56’54”N

82°31°14”W, 29 July 2003, M. Buck; 10" 19, Point Pelee National Park, West Beach, 41°59’0”N

82°27°30’W, 13 August 2003, M. Buck; 10°10’, Point Pelee National Park, The Tip parking lot,

41°55°3”N 82°30°37”"W, 13 August 2003, M. Buck; 1 9, Windsor, Ojibway Prairie Provincial Nature

Reserve, 42°15’N 83°4’W, 12 September 2002, M. Buck.

This is the seventh species of Stelis known from Ontario. It has previously been recorded

from Virginia west to Kentucky and south into Florida and Texas (Hurd 1979). Members of this

genus are cleptoparasitic on bees of the tribe Megachilini (Hurd 1979). This species is polylectic

and the flight period is from March to September (Mitchell 1962).

Andrenidae

Perdita (Cockerellia) bequaerti bequaerti Viereck, 1917

Essex County: 229, Windsor, Springarden Rd. Area of Natural and Scientific Interest,

42°15’N 83°4’W, 27 August 2002, S.M. Paiero.

The genus Perdita is one of the most speciose genera of bees in North America, containing

well over 250 species (Hurd 1979). The centre of its diversity is the southern Nearctic, with only

three species previously recorded from Ontario. Perdita bequaerti bequaerti is the only representative

of the subgenus Cockerellia in Ontario. It has been previously recorded from New Jersey west to

Minnesota and south to Florida and Mississippi (Hurd 1979). The species is distinguished from

other Ontario species in possessing broad transverse ivory bands on the abdominal tergites. This

species is polylectic and the flight period is from June to September (Mitchell 1960).

Perdita (Perdita) maculigera maculipennis Graenicher, 1910

Brant County: Brantford Railway Prairie, 43°10’N 80°19’W, 10", 6 June 2002, white pans,

M. Buck; 39 Q, 24 July 2002, M. Buck & S.M. Paiero. Bruce County: Inverhuron Provincial

Park, front dunes, 44°17°33”N 81°35’28”, 22 9, white pans, 10’, yellow pans, 2 July 2003, M.

Buck. Kent County: Rondeau Provincial Park, South Point Trail East, 42°15’35”N 81°50°53”W,

savanna, 16-17 June 2003, 80°C 129 Q, white pans, 30°C'252 Q, yellow pans, M. Buck and H.

Carscadden; 19, Rondeau Provincial Park, South Point Trail, east parking lot, 42°15’42”N

81°50’49”"W, dunes, 16-17 June 2003, yellow pans, S.M. Paiero; Manitoulin District: 159 9,

Manitoulin Island, Providence Bay, 45°39’41”N 82°15’40”W, dunes, 18 July 2003, M. Buck.

This is the fifth species of Perdita to be recorded from Ontario. It has been previously recorded

from Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, lowa, Kansas and Texas (Hurd 1979). Its natural

history was well documented by Michener and Ordway (1963), who indicate that this species

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Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario Volume 134, 2003

prefers sandy banks. Mitchell (1960) records the adult flight period from June to July. The species

is obviously univoltine in the province. Females are polylectic (Michener and Ordway 1963).

Acknowledgements

The senior author’s work was supported by funding provided to S.A. Marshall by the World

Wildlife Fund Canada, Rondeau Provincial Park (Ontario Parks) and the Ontario Dune-Grasslands

Recovery Team. The junior author’s work is funded through a NSERC Major Facilities Access

Grant to S.A. Marshall.

References

Ascher, J.S. 2001. Hylaeus hyalinatus Smith, a European bee new to North America with notes on

other adventive bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of

Washington, 103: 184-190.

Batra, S.E.T. 1998. Biology of the giant resin bee, Megachile sculpturalis Smith, a conspicuous

new immigrant in Maryland. Maryland Naturalist, 42: 1-3.

Kondo, T., M.L. Williams and R. Minckley. 2000. Giant Resin Bees! Exotic bee species makes its

way from East Coast to Alabama. Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station Highlights of

Agricultural Research, 47(3): 4-5.

MacKay, P.A. and G. Knerer. 1979. Seasonal occurrence and abundance in a community of wild

bees from an old field habitat in southern Ontario, Canada. Canadian Entomologist, 111: 367-376.

Mangum,W.A. and R.W. Brooks. 1997. First records of Megachile (Callomegachile) sculpturalis

Smith (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) in the continental United States. Journal of the Kansas

Entomological Society, 70: 140-142.

Mangum,W.A. and S. Sumner. 2003. A survey of the North American range of Megachile

(Callomegachile) sculpturalis, an adventive species in North America. Journal of the Kansas

Entomological Society, 76: 658-662.

Michener, C.D. 2000. The Bees of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press. 913 pp.

Michener, C.D. and E. Ordway. 1963. The life history of Perdita maculigera maculipennis

(Hymenoptera: Andrenidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 36: 34-45.

Mitchell, T.B. 1960. Bees of the Eastern United States: Vol. 1. North Carolina Agriculture

Experimental Station Technical Bulletin, 141: 538 pp.

Smith, LP. 1991. Anthidium manicatum (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), an interesting new Canadian

record. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Ontario, 122: 105-108.

Sugar, A., A. Finnamore, H. Goulet, J. Cumming, J.T. Kerr, M. DeGiusti and L. Packer. 1998. A

preliminary survey of symphytan and aculeate Hymenoptera from oak savannahs in southern

Ontario. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Ontario, 129: 9-18.

143

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2003 ANNUAL MEETING

The Entomological Society of Ontario is grateful for the support received for the Annual Meeting

held in Guelph on November 28-30 2003 from: Agriculture and Agric-Food Canada, BASF,

Department of Environmental Biology University of Guelph, Engage Agro, First Line, Gustafson,

Hoskin Scientific, Laresco, Ontario Agriculture and Food, Ontario Beekeepers Association, Ontario

Beetles, NK, Pioneer a Dupont Company, Wings of Paradise and W.G. Thompson & Sons Ltd.

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF ONTARIO

The Society founded in 1863, is the second oldest Entomological Society in North America and

among the nine oldest, existing entomological societies in the world. It serves as an association of

persons interested in entomology and is dedicated to the furtherance of the science by holding

meetings and publication of the Journal of the Entomological Society of Ontario. The Journal

publishes fully refereed scientific papers, and has a world-wide circulation. The Society headquarters

are at the University of Guelph. The Society’s library is housed in the McLaughlin Library of the

University and is available to all members.

An annual fee of $30 provides membership in the Society, the right to publish in the Journal, and

receive the Newsletter and the Journal. Students, amateurs and retired entomologists can join free

of charge but do not receive the Journal.

A World Wide Web home page for the Society is available at the following URL:

http://www.entsocont.com

FELLOWS OF THE ENTOMOLOCIAL SOCIETY OF ONTARIO

Anthony William Aldridge Brown 1969

David Harvey Pengelly 1981

W. W. Bill Judd 2002

Chris Sanders 2002

Edward C. Becker 2003

C. Ron Harris 2003

APPLICATION FOR MEMBERSHIP

Name:

Address:

Postal Code:

Please send cheque or money order to:

D. Hunt, Secretary

Entomological Society of Ontario

c/o Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

Research Station

HARROW, Ontario, Canada NOR 1G0

NOTICE TO CONTRIBUTORS

Please refer to the Society web site (http://www.entsocont.com/pub.htm) for current instructions to

authors, which were last printed in Volume 131 (2000), pages 145-147 and can be updated at any

time. Copies of those instructions are available from the Editor.

CONTENTS

1. FROM THE EDITOR ......:..1cc:cccoscossssesescesssnessesessiientnensnrsssnsinensebsiisinaiaiinatinianannn 1

II. REVIEW

BULLAS APPLETON, E. S., C. GILLARD and A.W. SCHAAFSMA. - Biology and management —

of the potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) on field crops in Ontario

(Received December 19, 2002; Accepted March 16, 2004) ...............sc:.scscsescssscecssncsussossnsenseesnte 3-17

Ii. SUBMITTED MANUSCRIPTS

BUCK, M. —An annotated checklist of the spheciform wasps of Ontario (Hymenoptera: Ampulicidae,

Sphecidae and Crane) (Received June 4, 2003; Accepted March 16, 2004). ............. ... 19-84

ROMANKOVA, T. — Ontario nest-building bees of the Tribe: Anthidiini (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae)

(Received April 25, 2003; Accepted July 18, 2003). .......csc:ccnesssarst>ssadeaieuseeannssanenn . 85-89

ROMANKOVA, T. — Colletidae bees of Ontario (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) (Received May 27, 2003;

Accepted February 21, 2004)... ............:0ssesocsnsnesssscnynsesinnasmpndsinielss snes salen seein tn 91-106

MASON, P.G., T. BAUTE, O. OLFERT and M. ROY. — Cabbage seedpod weevil, Ceutorhynchus

obstrictus (Marsham) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Ontario and Quebec (Received April 22, 2003;

Accepted February 24, 2004). .......:.-+1+s0s+0sc+sscscesessessessenuuansiohsess¥eieests st ininnasanninnnnannnE 107-113

PAIERO, S.M., S.A. MARSHALL and K.G.A. HAMILTON. — New records of Hemiptera from

Canada and Ontario (Received October 22, 2003; Accepted May 25, 2004). ..........ecseeeee 115-129

IV. SUBMITTED NOTES

BENNETT, A.M.R. Host Location behaviour in Pelecinus polyturator (Hymenoptera: Pelecinidae)

(Received September 28, 2003; Accepted May 25, 2004). ............:.-cesscssssenseesseensssssssunseessns 131-134

GODSOE, W. Evidence for the extirpation of Ceropales bipunctata Say (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)

in Ontario (Received July 17, 2003; Accepted May 25, 2004). .............scccssscssecssseeceereeeesens 135-140

PAIERO, S.M. and M. BUCK. First Canadian records of the giant resin bee, Megachile sculpturalis

Smith, and other introduced and native Megachilidae and Andrenidae (Apoidea) from Ontario

(Received July 17, 2003; Accepted May 25, 2004). ..<....<....<2:s02:-0-<-:0n0ss see 141-143

‘ ANNUAL MEETING. ........:.-csessccsressssdietssasiustosgenansatiaseimpiomnaaannn inside of back cover

VI. ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF ONTARIO ..........ccccscssssssesees inside of back cover

VII. APPLICATION FOR MEMEBERSHIP..........csccccsscssssssscssecesssesesees inside of back edele:

VI. NOTICE TO CONTRIBUTORS... inside of back cover

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