Elenco delle Memorie della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali

e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano

Volume I ’

I - CORNALIA E.,, 1865 - Descrizione di una nuova specie dei

genere Felis: Felis jacobita (Corn.). 9 pp., 1 tav.

II - MAGNI-GRIFFI F., 1865 - Di una specie d’Hippolais-nuova

per l’Italia. 6 pp., / tav.

III - GASTALDI B., 1865 - Sulla riescavazione dei bacini lacustri

per opera degli antichi ghiacciai. 30 pp., 2 figg., 2 tavv.

TV - SEGUENZA G., 1865 - Paleontologia malacologica dei terreni

terziarii del distretto di Messina. 88 pp., 8 tavv.

V - GIBELLI G., 1865 - Sugli organi riproduttori del genere Verru-

caria, 16 pp., 1 tav.

VI - BEGGIATO F. S., 1865 - Antracoterio di Zovencedo e di Mon-

teviale nel Vicentino, /0 pp., 1 tav.

VII - COCCHI I, 1865 - Di alcuni resti umani e degli oggetti di

umana industria dei tempi preistorici raccolti in Toscana. 32

pp., 4 tavv.

VII - TARGIONI-TOZZETTI A., 1866 - Come sia fatto l’organo

che fa lume nella lucciola volante dell’Italia centrale (Luciola

italica) e come le fibre muscolari in questo ed altri Insetti ed

Artropodi. 28 pp., 2 tavv.

IX - MAGGI L., 1865 - Intorno al genere Aeolosoma. /8 pp., 2

tavv.

X- CORNALIA E., 1865 - Sopra i caratteri microscopici offerti dalle

Cantaridi e da altri Coleotteri facili a confondersi con esse. 40

pp., 4 tavv.

Volume II

[- ISSELA,, 1866 - Dei Molluschi raccolti nella provincia di Pisa,

38 pp.

II - GENTILLI A., 1866 - Quelques considérations sur l’origine

des bassins lacustres, àpropos des sondages du Lac de Come.

12 pp., 8 tavv.

III - MOLON F,, 1867 - Sulla flora terziaria delle Prealpi venete.

140 pp.

IV - D'ACHIARDIA., 1866 - Corallarj fossili del terreno nummu-

litico delle Alpi venete. 54 pp., 5 tavv.

V - COCCHI L, 1866 - Sulla geologia dell’alta Valle di Magra. /8

pp., 1 tav.

VI - SEGUENZA G., 1866 - Sulle importanti relazioni paleontolo-

giche di talune rocce cretacee della Calabria con alcuni terreni

di Sicilia e dell’Africa settentrionale. /8 pp., 1 tav.

VII - COCCHI I., 1866 - L'uomo fossile nell’Italia centrale. 82 pp.,

21 figg., 4 tavv.

VIII - GAROVAGLIO S., 1866 - Manzonia cantiana, novum Li-

chenum Angiocarporum genus propositum atque descriptum. 8

pp., 1 tav.

IX - SEGUENZA G,, 1867 - Paleontologia malacologica dei terreni

terziari del distretto di Messina (Pteropodi ed Eteropodi). 22

Pp., 1 tav.

X - DURER B., 1867 - Osservazioni meteorologiche fatte alla Villa

Carlotta sul lago di Como, ecc. 48 pp. // tavv.

Volume III

I- EMERY C,, 1873 - Studii anatomici sulla Vipera Redii. 16 pp.,

1 tav.

Il - GAROVAGLIO S., 1867 - Thelopsis, Belonia, Weitenwebera et

Limboria, quatuor Lichenum Angiocarporum genera recognita

iconibusque illustrata. 12 pp., 2 tavv.

III - TARGIONI-TOZZETTI A., 1867 - Studii sulle Cocciniglie. 88

., 7 tavv.

IV - CLAPARÈDE E. R. e PANCERI P.,, 1867 - Nota sopra un Al- _.

ciopide parassito della Cydippe densa Forsk. 8 pp. 1 tavv.

V - GAROVAGLIO S., 1871 - De Pertusariis Europae mediae

commentatio. 40 pp., 4 tavv.

Volume IV

I- D’'ACHIARDIA., 1868 - Corallar] fossili del terreno nummuli-

tico dell’Alpi venete. Parte 11. 32 pp. 8 tavv.

Il - GAROVAGLIO S., 1868 - Octona Lichenum genera vel adhuc

controversa, vel sedis prorsus incertae in systemate, novis de-

scriptionibus iconibusque accuratissimis illustrata. 18 pp., 2

tavv.

III - MARINONI C., 1868 - Le abitazioni lacustri e gli avanzi di

umana industria in Lombardia. 66 pp., 5 figg., 7 tavv.

IV - (Non pubblicato).

V - MARINONI C., 1871 - Nuovi avanzi preistorici in Lombardia.

28 pp., 3 figg., 2 tavv.

NUOVA SERIE

Volume V

I- MARTORELLI G., 1895 - Monografia illustrata degli uccelli di

rapina in Italia. 2/6 pp., 46 figg., 4 tavv.

Volume VI

I- DE ALESSANDRI G., 1897 - La pietra da cantoni di Rosigna-

no e di Vignale. Studi stratigrafici e paleontologici. /04 pp., 2

tavv., 1 carta.

II - MARTORELLI G., 1898 - Le forme e le simmetrie delle mac-

chie nel piumaggio. Memoria ornitologica. //2 pp., 63 figg., 1

tavv.

III - PAVESI P., 1901- L’abbate Spallanzani a Pavia. 68 pp., 14

figg., 1 tav.

Volume VII

I- DE ALESSANDRI G., 1910 - Studi sui pesci triasici della

Lombardia. /64 pp., 9 tavv.

Volume VIII

I- REPOSSI E., 1915 - La bassa Valle della Mera. Studi petrogra-

fici e geologici. Parte I. pp. 1-46, 5 figg., 3 tavv.

II - REPOSSI E., 1916 (1917) - La bassa Valle della Mera. Studi

petrografici e geologici. Parte II. pp. 47-186, 5 figg. 9 tavv.

III - ATRAGHI C., 1917 - Sui molari d’elefante delle alluvioni lom-

barde, con osservazioni sulla filogenia e scomparsa di alcuni

Proboscidati. pp. 187-242, 4 figg., 3 tavv.

Volume IX

I- BEZZI M,, 1918 - Studi sulla ditterofauna nivale delle Alpi

italiane. pp. 1-164, 7 figg. 2 tavv.

II- SERAG. L., 1920 - Sui rapporti della conformazione della dase

del cranio colle forme craniensi e colle strutture della faccia

nelle razze umane. (Saggio di una nuova dottrina craniologica

con particolare riguardo dei principali cranii fossili). pp. 165-

262, 7 figg., 2 tavv.

III - DE BEAUXO. e FESTA E., 1927 - La ricomparsa del Cinghia-

le nell’Italia settentrionale-occidentale. pp. 263-320, 13 figg.

7 tavv.

Volume X

I - DESIO A., 1929 - Studi geologici sulla regione dell’ Albenza

(Prealpi Bergamasche). pp. /-156, 27 figg., 1 tav., 1 carta.

II - SCORTECCI G., 1937 - Gli organi di senso della pelle degli

Agamidi. pp. 157-208, 39 figg. 2 tavv.

III - SCORTECCI G., 1941- I recettori degli Agamidi. pp. 209-326,

80 figg.

Volume XI

I- GUIGLIA D,, 1944 - Gli Sfecidi italiani del Museo di Milano

(Hymen.). pp. 1-44, 4 figg., 5 tavv.

I_-III - GIACOMINI V. e PIGNATTI S., 1955 - Flora e Vegetazione

dell’ Alta Valle del Braulio. Con speciale riferimento ai pascoli

di altitudine. pp. 45-238, 31 figg., 1 carta.

Volume XII

I- VIALLI V, 1956 - Sul rinoceronte e l’elefante dei livelli su-

periori della serie lacustre di Leffe (Bergamo). pp. 1-70, 4 figg.

6 tavv.

I- VENZO S., 1957 - Rilevamento geologico dell’anfiteatro more-

nico del Garda. Parte I: Tratto occidentale Gardone-Desenzano.

pp. 71-140, 14 figg., 6 tavv., 1 carta.

III - VIALLI V., 1959 - Ammoniti sinemuriane del Monte Albenza

(Bergamo). pp. 141-188, 2 figg., 5 tavv.

Volume XII

I- VENZO S., 1961- Rilevamento geologico dell’anfiteatro moreni-

co del Garda. Parte II. Tratto orientale Garda-Adige e anfiteatro

atesino di Rivoli veronese. pp. /-64, 25 figg., 9 tavv., 1 carta.

Il - PINNA G., 1963 - Ammoniti del Lias superiore (Toarciano)

dell’ Alpe Turati (Erba, Como). Generi Mercaticeras, Pseudo-

mercaticeras e Brodieia. pp. 65-98, 2 figg., 4 tavv.

Fabrizio Rigato Mo>

_15BR AR |

IA AI

TAR VA AN

UNIVERSITY

Contributions to the taxonomy

of West European and North African

Stenamma of the westwoodii species-group.

(Hymenoptera Formicidae)

Volume XXXVII - Fascicolo II

Novembre 2011

Memorie della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali

e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano

INDICE

Inroducuont. e Pag 3

Materalsand Mense Pag

The Stenamma westwoodi species-group ......... Pages

DISCussionae a Pago)

Acknowledpemense nane na Pac gel

References ee RR Pag 53

Appendix 1. Morphometric tables .................... Pag. 54

Appendix 2. Locality data of photographed

SpeCIMens A sn Pag. 56

Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano

Corso Venezia, 55 - 20121 Milano

In copertina: Stenamma debile (Foerster, 1850). Line drawing by F. Rigato.

Registrato al Tribunale di Milano al n. 6694

Direttore responsabile : Anna Alessandrello

Grafica editoriale: Michela Mura

Stampa: Litografia Solari, Peschiera Borromeo - Novembre 2011

ISSN 0376-2726

Fabrizio Rigato

Contributions to the taxonomy

of West European and North African

Stenamma of the westwoodii species-group.

(Hymenoptera Formicidae)

Abstract - The taxonomy of West European and North African Stenamma belonging to the Stenamma westwoodii species-group

is reviewed. Stenamma orousseti Casevitz-Weulersse is discussed and synonymised with S. debile (Foerster). Principal diagnostic fea-

tures of the poorly known Stenamma sardoum Emery and S. petiolatum Emery are provided as well as comments about the taxonomic

position of all other species in the group. Two new species, Stenamma siculum, based on gynes and males from Sicily, and Stenamma

zanoni, based on workers and isolated males from North Italy and South Switzerland, are described. In addition, S. africanum Santschi

is resurrected from synonymy with S. msilanum Forel and the infraspecific form S. africanum submuticum Santschi is included in the

synonymy of africanum. Keys to known workers, gynes and males are provided.

Key words: Formicidae, Stenamma, West Palaearctic, review, new species, dichotomous keys.

Riassunto - Contributi alla tassonomia degli Stenamma dell’Europa occidentale e del Nord Africa appartenenti al gruppo west-

woodii. (Hymenoptera Formicidae).

Viene riesaminata la tassonomia degli Stenamma dell’Europa occidentale e del Nord Africa appartenenti al gruppo westwoodii.

Stenamma orousseti Casevitz-Weulersse è discusso e posto in sinonimia con S. debile (Foerster). Sono forniti i principali caratteri

distintivi dei poco conosciuti Stenamma sardoum Emery e S. petiolatum Emery, così come i commenti sulla posizione tassonomica di

tutte le specie del gruppo. Vengono descritte due nuove specie, Stenamma siculum, sulla base di regine e maschi di Sicilia, e Stenamma

zanoni, sulla base di operaie e maschi isolati dell’Italia settentrionale e della Svizzera meridionale. Inoltre, S. africanum Santschi è

riconosciuto come specie valida e rimosso dalla sinonimia con S. msilanum Forel e la sottospecie S. africanum submuticum Santschi è

inclusa nella sinonimia di africanum. Vengono fornite le chiavi dicotomiche per il riconoscimento di operaie, regine e maschi.

Parole chiave: Formicidae, Stenamma, regione paleartica occidentale, revisione, nuove specie, chiavi dicotomiche.

INTRODUCTION

The present knowledge of the taxonomy of the genus

Stenamma is mostly unsatisfactory, especially because the

species of this genus have cryptic habits and are rarely

collected. Therefore, adequate comparisons between taxa

and/or populations often cannot be supported by a suffi-

cient number of specimens. The genus mostly has a Hol-

arctic distribution with a moderate number of species oc-

curring in the Neotropics (Branstetter, 2009). Branstetter

(1.c) has provided a synonymic list of all known species as

well as a comprehensive review and discussion of genus

level characters.

The unique recent taxonomic revision of Palaearctic

species was provided by DuBois (1998). Unfortunately,

that work often proves to be fairly weak (at least for the

species dealt with in this paper) when one attempts to

identify specimens through keys and descriptions pro-

vided by the author.

After detailed examination of specimens of Italian Ste-

namma I realized that the diagnoses of some taxa were

still poor and needed clarification.

In particular, I obtaineda series of Stenamma specimens

from Sardinia, which at first I could not assign to any of

the usually identifiable species (S. debile, S. striatulum, S.

petiolatum) nor to S. sardoum, as that species was usually

interpreted. Following an examination of type-material of

S. sardoum I realized those Sardinian specimens belonged

to it and that Emery (1915), Casevitz-Weulersse (1990)

and DuBois (1998) were misleading about the diagnostic

features of that species, especially concerning the shape

of the petiolar node. Therefore, I present a new diagno-

sis of S. sardoum as well as of S. petiolatum, which also

seems to be somewhat misunderstood.

In addition, I obtained several males and gynes of an

unidentifiable species collected together with alates of S.

debile from Sicily. Initially, I considered that they could

belong either to S. sardoum or to S. msilanum (sensu

DuBois, 1998); but the presence of a series of standing

hairs along the dorsal edge of the scape leads me to assign

them to a new species, S. siculum.

Moreover, some workers of a relatively large Ste-

namma from Northeast Italy deserve to be considered as

a new species, S. zanoni, together with two specimens

from Canton Ticino, Switzerland, one of which was er-

roneously determined as S. petiolatum by Della Santa

(1988). The male specimen that Kutter (1971) assigned

to S. petiolatum is also considered to belong here, as well

as another isolated male collected in the neighbourhood

of Milano.

4 FABRIZIO RIGATO

Finally, I examined type specimens of the North Afri-

can S. africanum Santschi and of its current senior syno-

nym S. msilanum Forel. I determined that these should

be treated as separate taxa as the synonymy proposed by

DuBois (1998) is untenable.

This paper is therefore designed to give a better

framework to the taxonomy of West European and North

African Stenamma of the S. westwoodii species-group

(as defined by DuBois, 1998). It provides some new

diagnostic characters, together with a study of known

males, and new keys to female castes and males are pro-

vided.

In many cases only a few specimens were available

for examination; therefore, measurements and indices are

to some extent provisional as they may not cover the full

range of variation possible in the species.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Measurements and indices

AIl measurements were taken by a stereomicroscope

Leica MZ9s with an ocular micrometre and carrier AX in

order to work on a single axial optical path and get more

accurate data.

TL (Total length): the full outstretched length of the

specimen, with fully closed mandibles, from the anterior-

most mandibular border to the gastral apex. It is the sum

of: length of the head (including mandibles) + AL + PeL

+ PPL + length of the gaster.

HL (Head length): in full face view, the maximum

length of the head from the anterior clypeal margin to the

posterior margin of the head. Whenever clypeus and/or

posterior margin are concave in the middle, this measure-

ment is taken at an imaginary line tangent to the most pro-

truding points.

HW (Head width): in full face view, justbehind the eyes.

CI (Cephalic index): HWx100/HL.

SL (Scape length): the length of the scape as a straight

line between its apex and base, excluding the basalmost

condylar bulb and “neck”.

SI (Scape index): SLx100/HW.

PCI (Posterior clypeal index): in female castes, the ra-

tio between the minimum width of the posterior portion of

the clypeus between the frontal lobes and the width of the

frons across the latter at the level of the antennal insertion

(see Seifert, 2007: 143).

PnW (Pronotal width): the maximum width of the pro-

notum in dorsal view.

AL (Mesosoma length): in profile, the distance from

the point where the dorsum of the pronotum meets the

cervical shield to the most protruding portion of the pro-

podeal lobe.

PSI (Propodeal spine index): in female castes, with

the mesosoma in profile, the ratio between the distance

from a propodeal spine’s tip and the centre of the propo-

deal spiracle divided by the minimum distance between

the latter and the propodeal declivity. (This is the original

index as proposed by Buschinger (1966); although Case-

vitz-Weulersse (1990) called Buschinger’s Index a very

similar measurement using the posterior rim of the pro-

podeal spiracle as a reference. Such a difference is mostly

negligible).

ScW (Scutum width): in gyne and male the maximum

width of the mesonotal scutum in dorsal view.

MnL (Mesonotum length): in gyne and male the com-

bined length of mesonotal scutum and scutellum in dorsal

view.

PeL (Petiolar length): in profile, the length of the peti-

ole from the anteriormost visible point where it “meets”

the propodeal lobe to the posterior margin (Fig. 1).

PPL (Postpetiolar length): in profile, the distance from

the base of the node, just behind the helcium, to the poste-

riormost margin (Fig. 1). Because of differences in speci-

mens mounting and waist position this measurement may

be unreliable. Consequently, I used as an anterior point

the base of the postpetiolar node, which is not concealed

even when the waist is fully outstretched.

PeH (Petiolar height): in profile, from the top of the

node to the sternal surface just below it (Fig. 1).

PPH (Postpetiolar height): in profile, from the top of

the postpetiolar node to the sternal surface (Fig. 1).

PeW (petiolar width): in dorsal view, the maximum

width of the petiole.

PPW (Postpetiolar width): in dorsal view, the maxi-

mum width of the postpetiole.

PI1 (Petiolar index 1): PPLx100/PeL.

PI2 (Petiolar index 2): PeLx100/HW.

MTL (Metatibial length): the maximum length of the

hind tibia excluding the proximal articulation, which is

concealed when the leg is outstretched.

TI (Tibial index): MTLx100/HW.

Morphometric data are summarized in tables 1,2 and 3.

Images

Digital colour photos were taken by a Canon Power

Shot S50 mounted on an ocular tube of a Leica MS5 ster-

eomicroscope with PlanAPO 1.0x objective and carrier

AX; several shots of each specimen were combined to-

gether through Helicon Focus software.

B/W photographs were taken of uncoated specimens

by a Jeol 5610 LV Scanning Electron Microscope using a

backscattered signal at low vacuum.

PPL

Fig. 1 - Measurements of waist in profile. / Misure del peduncolo in

profilo. (Drawing / Disegno F. Rigato).

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE) 5

Depositories

BMNH: The Natural History Museum, London, Unit-

ed Kingdom

CNBF: Centro Nazionale per lo Studio e la Con-

servazione della Biodiversità Forestale, Verona, Italy

MHNG: Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, Geneva, Swit-

zerland

MNHN: Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris,

France

MNHU: Museum fiir Naturkunde der Humboldt-Uni-

versitàt, Berlin, Germany

MSNG: Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genova,

Italy

MSNM: Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Milano,

Italy

MZL: Musée de Zoologie, Lausanne, Switzerland

OUMNH: Hope Entomological Collections, Ox-

ford University Museum of Natural History, Oxford,

SIZK: Shmalhausen Institute of Zoology Ukrainian

National Academy of Sciences, Kiev, Ukraine

ZMMU: Zoological Museum of Moskow University,

Russia

THE STENAMMA WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP

In absence of a comprehensive revision of the genus

(see also Branstetter, 2009), I follow DuBois (1998) in

assigning all of the species dealt with in this paper to the

westwoodii species-group. The female castes of these spe-

cies are morphologically similar and share the following

features:

a) head and mesosoma distinetly rugose, usually with

moderately developed ground sculpture, especially on

the head dorsum;

b) mandibles with 7 to 10 teeth and denticles;

c) anterior clypeal margin weakly to hardly notched in

the middle when seen from above;

d) worker with eyes very small to minute, with no more

than 5-6 ommatidia in the longest row;

e) propodeal teeth small to moderately developed and

spine-like;

f) petiole with a reduced to absent anteroventral process;

g) basigastral costulae present on abdominal tergite IV;

h) pilosity moderately abundant throughout;

1) colour ferrugineous to brown.

Besides the species dealt with in this paper, DuBois

(1998: 225) listed further 7 species in the westwoodii-

group. Each of these species is reported from a limited

region and their overall distribution ranges from the

Russian East coast of the Black Sea and Caucasus to the

mountains of Kashmir. At present, among the West Euro-

pean and Mediterranean Stenamma, only the widespread

S. debile and S. striatulum have been reported as far East

as West Russia and Fast Anatolia respectively, and could

even co-occur with any of the ‘“‘eastern’ species, but there

are no published records supporting that.

Among West European and North African Stenamma

a single species is excluded from the wesfwoodii-group

(DuBois, 1998):

S. punctiventre Emery, 1908

= Theryella myops Santschi, 1921

This taxon belongs in its own group, the punctiventre

species-group, is known from Morocco and, as distinctive

features, has 6-toothed mandibles, a strong and projecting

anteroventral petiolar process and no basigastral costulae

(DuBois, 1998).

Variable versus consistent morphological features

When considering species limits in the westwoodi

species-group, I discovered that several morphological

features vary within species and are unreliable for clas-

sification. The number of mandibular teeth and denticles

in workers can be inconsistent, usually ranging from 7

to 9, anda single specimen may have left and right man-

dibles bearing different dentitions. The abundant pubes-

cence of the appendages is more or less raised above the

surface (Fig. 71), ranging from appressed to decumbent

even in the same nest series. Eyes too are often vari-

able in size, and strongly different counts of numbers of

ommatidia may occur between right and left eye of the

same specimen; in addition, ommatidia are often poorly

delimited and difficult to count.

For the species dealt with in this paper I consider as

more consistent and reliable features in workers (and, at

least partially, in gynes) the main pattern of sculptura-

tion on head and promesonotal dorsum, the SI, and the

shape of petiole and postpetiole in profile. In addition,

males, although rarely collected, seem to have more eas-

ily recognisable external features, especially the shape

of the mandibles and the sculpturation of the propodeal

dorsum. In one species (S. zanoni n. sp.) the male almost

lacks notauli, which are instead easily visible in males

of other species.

In some species of Stenamma a moderate number of

standing hairs on scapes and tibiae is present in addi-

tion to the ordinary pubescence (Figs. 48, 72) and that

feature seems consistent in conspecific female castes

and male. As pubescence in Sfenamma is relatively

long (Fig. 71), the distinction between it and stand-

ing (subdecumbent to suberect) setae may often ap-

pear somewhat difficult. However, all of the examined

specimens of species bearing those standing setae (1.e.

S. petiolatum, siculum and zanoni) have their scapes

and tibiae appearing with a dinstincetively heterogenous

pilosity when compared, for instance, with specimens

of S. debile or striatulum. In the latter, as well as other

species legs and antennae always have a regularly ar-

ranged, tidy pubescence.

Synopsis of S. westwoodii-group

in West Europe and North Africa

africanum Santschi, 1939 stat. rev.

= africanum var. submuticum Santschi, 1939 syn. n.

debile (Foerster, 1850)

= minkii (Foerster, 1850)

= golosejevi Karavaiev, 1926

= ucrainicum Arnoldi, 1928

6 FABRIZIO RIGATO

= westwoodi subsp. polonicum Begdon, 1932

= orousseti Casevitz- Weulersse, 1990 syn. n.

msilanum Forel, 1901

petiolatum Emery, 1897

sardoum Emery, 1915

siculum Rigato sp. n.

striatulum Emery, 1895

= tscherkessicum Arnoldi, 1928

westwoodii Westwood, 1839

zanoni Rigato sp. n. D

Keys to West European and North African

Stenamma of the S. westwoodii species-group

(Note that keys to gynes and males are based on one or

very few specimens and must be considered as provisional)

Workers -

(workers of S. siculum and S. msilanum unknown)

1 Size usually larger (worker: TL > 4.2, HL > 0.94), dor-

sal face of scapes and extensor surface of meso- and

metatibiae with few to several sparse, subdecumbent

to suberect hairs in addition to the ordinary appressed

to;decumbent pubescence. Ep] 2) na >

- Size usually smaller (worker: TL < 4.3, HL < 0.94), 6

dorsal face of scapes and extensor surface of meso- -

and metatibiae with appressed to decumbent pubes-

Cenccioniy. (FIERI) eee 3

2. Size larger (TL around 5.0), body and appendages

more slender (SI > 100, TI > 95), propodeum armed

with relatively long and apically blunt spines which

obliquely raise from the propodeal angles (Figs. 3, 1

10); postpetiole elongate, distinctly longer than high

(Fig25) aly) e e Re S. petiolatum

- Size smaller (TL mostly around 4.5), body and ap-

pendages relatively shorter (SI < 100, TI around 90),

propodeum simply toothed, when teeth are more de- -

veloped they are somewhat upturned and nearly per-

pendicular to the propodeal dorsum (Figs. 7, 14); post-

petiole stout, about as high as long (Fig. 29). (N Italy,

SiSwitzerland) dia e. S. zanoni

3. Sculpture on head and promesonotum finer, more reg- p)

ularly longitudinally arranged with rare anastomoses

(Figs. 20, 34). Size small (TL < 3.5), propodeal spines

usually longer (PSI > 1.50 to 2.00). (Widespread in S -

Europe ana IMrkey) re S. striatulum

- Sculptureonheadandpromesonotumcoarser, withaless 3

regular longitudinal pattern, head mostly areolate with -

many anastomoses (e.g. Figs. 19, 33). Size larger (most-

ly TL=>3.5), propodeal spines usually shorter (PSI often 4

=1.50vandneverapproaching 2:00) eee -

4 Promesonotal rugosity mostly longitudinally ar- -

ranged, transverse only anteriorly just behind the neck

(Fig. 31). Appendages shorter (nearly always SI < 5

90 and TI < 85); scapes never reaching the posterior

margin of the head when completely laid back. Peti- 6

olar sternite hardly concave in profile at the level of

the node. Postpetiolar sternite straight in profile (Fig. -

24). Colour usually darker, brown. (Widespread in

Europe andilurkey) fee S. debile 7

- Promesonotal rugosity mostly irregular (Figs. 33, 35,

37), without a well defined longitudinal pattern, often

forming a loose reticulum; if longitudinal rugulae pre-

vail, they are strongly wandering. Appendages longer

(nearly always SI > 90 and TI > 85); scapes almost

reaching, or even just reaching, the posterior margin of

the head when completely laid back. Petiolar sternite

weakly, but distinctly, concave in profile at the level of

the node. Postpetiolar sternite in profile slightly, but

distinctly concave (Figs. 26, 28, 30). Colour usually

paleriferrUsiNcoussa nt S

Posterior portion of clypeus between frontal lobes

at the level of antennal insertions distinctly narrow-

er than each frontal lobe, about 1/5 to almost 1/4 of

frontal lobes distance (PCI < 25) (Fig. 21). Promes-

onotal dorsum with a distinct longitudinal irregular

median carina mostly crossed by transverse irregular

rugulae (Fig. 35). Postpetiole appearing higher and

stouter (Fig. 28). (UK, France, The Netherlands, Bel-

QIUM). ti ta S. westwoodii

Posterior portion of clypeus between frontal lobes

at the level of antennal insertions about as wide as

each frontal lobe, 1/4 to 1/3 of frontal lobes distance

(nearly always PCI > 25) (Fig. 19). Promesono-

tal dorsum usually with an ill-defined or interrupted

longitudinal median carina and irregularly widely re-

ticulate rugose (Figs. 33, 37). Postpetiole lower and

more. slender:(Figs®2680) Te 6

SI= 95. (Tunisia and Algeria) ................. S. africanum

SI<96-(Italy:Serdiua) pen S. sardoum

Gynes

(gyne of S. zanoni unknown)

Size larger (TL > 5.0, HL > 1.00) with longer append-

ages (SI and TI > 100); scape distinctly surpassing the

posterior margin of the head when laid back. Scapes

and tibiae with several standing hairs, besides the usu-

alpubescencer:>t e S. petiolatum

Size smaller (usually TL < 5.0 and HL < 1.00) with

shorter appendages (SI < 100, TI < 100); scape at most

Just reaching the posterior margin of the head when

laid back. Scapes and tibiae with appressed to decum-

bent:pubescence.onlyia:. 2

Size smaller (TL < 4.0, HL < 0.80); head rugulation

finer and more regularly longitudinal (Fig. 49) ............

O E GRISO rie IR E S. striatulum

Size larger (TL > 4.0, HL > 0.80); head surface mostly

areolate.(e.g-F1gs344; 40) ere 3

SI < 85. Colour usually darker, brown ......... S. debile

SI > 85, mostly = 90. Colour usually paler, ferrugine-

OUS'..citrinnintorir CRE I i

Postpetiole in profile higher and stouter, about as high

as.long:(PPI=PPH) o d

Postpetiole in profile lower and more slender, distinct-

lydongerthan.high (PPISPPH) fee 7

PGIS25004 eda be S. westwoodii

PCI= 30% crotone eeTTI 6

Colour ferrugineous; SI > 90; petiolar sternite shal-

lowly:concave Inpro lee S. africanum

Colour brown; SI < 90; petiolar sternite fully straight

in'prolle»<-- 0 S. msilanum

Scape reaching the posterior margin of the head when

laid back (SI > 95) and with some standing hairs along

its:dorsal:side.(Fig:43) ren na S. siculum

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE) 9)

- Scape not reaching the posterior margin of the head

when laid back (SI < 95) and with no standing hairs

alongalstidorsalisidetasno onto S. sardoum

Males

(Males of S. petiolatum, S. sardoum and S. msilanum

unknown. $. africanum’s male, described by Cagniant

(1971), excluded from this key because not seen and not

safely assignable to that taxon)

1 Mandibles more or less reduced and with a short mas-

ticatory margin, usually armed with 3, 4 or 5 teeth and

denticles. When at rest mandibles leave a distinct gap

between their inner border and the anterior clypeal

dora Hiost6h04) earn nea 2

- Mandibles normally developed, strongly triangular,

with at least 6 teeth and denticles. When at rest man-

dibles completely fill the space between their inner

border and the anterior clypeal margin (Figs, 62, 63,

oto ostuni 3

2 Propodeal dorsum strongly reticulate-punctate with

superimposed irregular transverse rugulation (Fig.

69). Size usually smaller (HL < 0.60) and mandibles

triangular, 4- or 5-toothed ....................... S. striatulum

- Propodeal dorsum mostly smooth and shining (Fig.

66). Size usually larger (HL usually = 0.60) and

mandibles usually narrowly subrectangular to sub-

triangular and 3-toothed, but rarely even 2-, 4- or

bipede een ario. S. debile

bggNotaulivestigial (Fig. 67) oneri S. zanoni

ei ora uliidisonci (Figs a 68} 70) 5

S Propodeal dorsum reticulate-punctate with scattered

rugulae (Fig. 68). Scape and petiole distinctly longer,

SI > 50, PI2 > 75. Scape dorsally with some standing

hairs, besides ordinary pubescence ............ S. siculum

- Propodeal dorsum mostly smooth and shining (Fig.

70). Scape and petiole distinctly shorter, SI < 45, PI2 <

75. Scape with pubescence only ........... S. westwoodii

Stenamma debile (Foerster)

{ile592,.919216£1/724,31,38:44; 5157, 61,:66,71)

Myrmica debilis Foerster, 1850: 52. Holotype male,

GERMANY: Rheinprovinz, Aachen (Foerster) (MNHU)

[not examined].

Myrmica minkii Foerster, 1850: 63. Holotype wor-

ker, GERMANY: Rheinprovinz, Crefeld (Foerster)

(MNHU) [not examined]. [Synonymy by DuBois, 1993:

314]

Stenamma debile (Foerster) Mayr, 1863: 454. [First

combination in Stenamma Westwood and synonym of

Stenamma westwoodii Westwood].

Stenamma debile (Foerster). DuBois, 1993: 314. [Re-

vived from synonymy with $S. westwoodii].

Stenamma golosejevi Karavaiev, 1926: 68. Holot-

ype worker, UKRAINE: Goloseiev forest near Kiev,

13.vi.1926 (Karavaiev) (SIZK) [not examined]. [Syno-

nymy by DuBois, 1998: 231].

Stenamma ucrainicum Arnol’di, 1928: 209, figs. 1-4.

Syntype workers, gynes and males, UKRAINE, 40 km SE

of Khar'kov (Arno! di) (ZMMU) [not examined]. [Syno-

nymy by DuBois, 1998: 231].

Stenamma westwoodi subsp. polonicum Begdon, 1932:

118, fig. 1. Syntype workers, POLAND: Pomerania. [not

located and not examined]. [Synonymy by DuBois, 1993:

314].

Stenamma orousseti Casevitz-Weulersse, 1990: 141.

Holotype worker, paratype workers, and paratype male,

FRANCE: Corsica, Cap Corse, between Santa Lucia and

Pino, 275 m, 15.iv.1984 (Orousset) (MNHN) [examined].

Syn. n.

Diagnostic features. Female castes have slightly

shorter appendages than S. westwoodii and S. sardoum

and, with rare exceptions, the worker has the promesono-

tum mainly longitudinally rugulose with rare anastomoses

and an ill-defined median carina (Fig. 31). Petiolar and

postpetiolar sternites in profile are usually straighter than

in related taxa, and postpetiole is about as high as long.

S. debile females are usually mainly brown, darker than

most species considered in this paper. The male is quite

distinct in its combination of narrow, usually 3-toothed

mandibles, and unsculptured propodeal dorsum (Figs. 61,

66).

Measurements. Worker. TL 2.9-4.3; HL 0.68-0.97;

HW 0.59-0.84; CI 82-90; SL 0.50-0.72; SI 79-91; PCI

24-33; PnW 0.40-0.55; AL 0.83-1.17; PSI 1.20-1.84;

PeL 0.28-0.40; PPL 0.19-0.27; PeH 0.18-0.24; PPH

0.18—0.26; PeW 0.14-0.19; PPW 0.19-0.25; PI1 61-74;

PI2 46-54; MTL 0.43-0.65; TI 72-83 (70 measured. For

measurements of S. orousseti holotype, see below).

Gyne. TL 4.0-4.7; HL 0.82-0.93; HW 0.71-0.82; CI

84-91; SL 0.60-0.67; SI 79-86; PCI 26-35; AL 1.21-

1.34; PSI 1.60-2.00; ScW 0.61-0.68; MnL 0.87-1.00;

PeL 0.40-0.46; PPL 0.25-0.30; PeH 0.23-0.27; PPH

0.25-0.29; PeW 0.19-0.22; PPW 0.25-0.30; PI1 54-68;

PI2 52-59; MTL 0.59-0.70; TI 77-87 (15 measured).

Male. TL 3.2-4.0; HL 0.55-0.67; HW 0.46-0.58;

CI 83-88; SL 0.17-0.27; SI 37-55; AL 1.07-1.40; ScW

0.56-0.67; MnL 0.72-0.98; PeL 0.35-0.44; PPL 0.19-

0.29; PeH 0.15-0.21; PPH 0.16-0.23; PeW 0.13-0.18;

PPW 0.20-0.27; PI1 50-68; PI2 69-82; MTL 0.69-0.39;

TI 142-163 (15 measured).

Discussion of Stenamma orousseti Casevitz-Weul-

ersse, newly synonymised.

Holotype (worker, Figs. 9, 17). TL 3.4; HL 0.78; HW

0.67; CI 86; SL 0.56; SI 84; PCI 29; PnW 0.46; AL 0.94;

PSBltbl:Per.031+PPT:022-PeH.020-RPH.021sPeW

0:15; PPW:021;PII71; PIZ:49:#MTL.0:491173:

Casevitz-Weulersse (1990) described Stenamma

orousseti from workers, gynes and one isolated male col-

lected in Corsica, but her description leaves some doubts

about the validity of the species. For instance, Casevitz-

Weulersse herself (1.c.: 147) recognized the weakness of

the morphometric data she used to compare S. orousseti

with its closest relatives S. westwoodii (i.e. S. debile) and

S. striatulum. She also stated (1.c.: 147-148) that stronger

support for S. orousseti would be in a forthcoming mul-

tivariate analysis of morphometric data based on larger

samples, but these data and their analysis were never pub-

lished.

Nevertheless, Casevitz-Weulersse provided some

morphological features allegedly peculiar to her new

taxon. She stressed the presence of semierect hairs on

legs and scapes, lacking in S. westwoodii. I examined the

8 FABRIZIO RIGATO

S. orousseti holotype worker, a paratype gyne, the para-

type male and two non-paratype workers and discovered

that these supposed semierect “hairs” on the appendages

were actually the ordinary more or less raised pubescence

(e.g. Fig. 71). This must be considered just as a matter

of misapplied terminology, because in her description

she stated that S. orousseti lacks pubescence on the ap-

pendages. Casevitz-Weulersse also maintained that S.

orousseti differs from S. striatulum because of the larger

size and presence of semierect hairs on the appendages

in the former. Such a statement is vague and misleading,

because of her misinterpretation of the pilosity (see also

“Variable versus consistent morphological features” sec-

tion, above). She also failed to include any stronger char-

acters that would help separate orousseti from striatulum

workers. Casevitz-Weulersse also included a comparison

between gynes and males of all three species and most

of her arguments were based on the intermediate size of

S. orousseti; but the size of orousseti gynes actually falls

within the range of striatulum. She reported an appar-

ently stronger character in the male: the elongation of the

second funicular segment (see below). At the end of her

comparisons Casevitz-Weulersse stated that S. orousseti

is intermediate between S. westwoodii and S. striatulum,

and that the presence of semierect hairs on the append-

ages put her new species close to S. petiolatum!

It is now obvious that Casevitz-Weulersse’s compari-

son with S. petiolatum is wrong because, besides several

unmentioned diagnostic features, petiolatum bears two

kinds of pilosity: ordinary pubescence and sparse stand-

ing hairs.

The paratype gyne I examined is an ordinary $. stria-

tulum in size, sculpture and morphology, and my meas-

urements also lead to this conclusion (see under S. stria-

tulum).

The S. orousseti paratype male is an ordinary S. de-

bile, as characterised by its reduced mandibles; but Ca-

sevitz-Weulersse pointed out the peculiar elongation of

the second funicular segment. I compared it with males

from different Italian localities and found some variations

in this character, with some specimens showing the same

condition as in the S. orousseti male. Also, the S. orousseti

male is said to have the second funicular segment twice

as long as the third, but-my measurements show a ratio

of approximately 1.4. Therefore, for reproductives, there

is insufficient evidence to delimit S. orousseti as a new

species.

Stenamma orousseti workers (Figs. 9, 17) are a little

more puzzling. Their size falls within the upper range of

S. striatulum and the lower range of S. debile, yet all main

features including indices, sculpture, waist structure and

propodeal spines are as in S. debile. As a result, I failed to

find any distinctive character that allowed me to consider

S. orousseti as a distinct species.

Casevitz-Weulersse reported that workers were col-

lected by Orousset together with queens by means of

Berlese-Tullgren funnels; but that does not mean they

were true nestmates. For instance, I came across some

Stenamma samples collected by means of soil sifting and

from the very same site where S. debile specimens co-

occurred with S. striatulum ones. In addition, although

Casevitz-Weulersse (1990) and DuBois (1998) reported

orousseti workers having a head sculpture as in S. striatu-

lum, the specimens that I examined look indistinguishable

from debile: they have a longitudinal wandering rugula-

tion with many anastomoses and quite distinet ground

sculpture, giving to the head surface a subopaque and

areolate pattern (Fig. 17). Also, Casevitz-Weulersse used

“Buschinger’s index” (see PSI under “Measurements and

indices’’) as a value of relative propodeal spine length in

order to strengthen her comparison. She reported orous-

seti ranging from 1.7 to 2.3 and a mean of 1.97 for 21

workers. I calculated this index for the holotype and two

further workers that she had already examined. My results

are much lower: 1.5 to 1.6 and strongly below the range

reported by the author. A comparison among SEM photo-

graphs of workers” profiles of debile (Figs. 2, 8), orousseti

(Fig. 9) and striatulum (Fig. 12) shows how propodeal

spines in the orousseti holotype are similar to those of

debile; but even drawings in the original paper already

suggested such a conclusion.

My last argument for the invalidity of S. orousseti

comes from the fact that DuBois borrowed several Ital-

ian Stenamma specimens from my collection and later he

returned a single specimen from Sardinia labelled as S.

orousseti (although doubtfully so in DuBois° own words).

On comparing this specimen with other material from

Sardinia I concluded that it definitely belongs to S. sar-

doum on the basis of the shape of the waist, ferrugineous

colour and promesonotal sculpture.

In conclusion, I propose S. orousseti Casevitz- Weul-

ersse as a Junior synonym of S. debile syn. n. The para-

type male of S. orousseti also belongs to that species, but

probably all gynes originally assigned to S. orousseti must

be referred to S. striatulum.

Material examined

SPAIN. ANDALUCIA: Sierra del Nifio (Algeciras, CADIZ),

180 m, 26.11.1987, Quercus suber forest (S. Zoia); Mon-

tejaque env. (Ronda, MaLaga), 650 m, 24.iii.1987, oak

leaf litter (S. Zoia); Bujaraiza env. (Cazorla, JAÉN), 640 m,

31.111.1987, Quercus ilex leaf litter (S. Zoia).

UNITED KINGDOM. London, 29.x1.1952 (J. Si-

monet).

FRANCE. SW Corse: W of Cagnocoli, 460 m,

19.1v.1992, Fagus sylvatica leaf litter (S. Zoia); N env.

Sartène, 19.1v.1992, 280 m, Quercus ilex leaf litter (S.

Zoia); Matra, W of Alistro, x.1984 (/. Orousset); ILE DE

FRANCE, Conches, 22.x1i1.1951 (J/. Simonet).

NETHERLANDS. Amerongen (Utrecht) (Mabelis).

SWITZERLAND. Canton Ticino: Lavorgo Leven-

tina, 650 m (A. Focarile),; VaLaIs: Dorénaz, 7.vii.1967

“pied vieille souche” (C. Besuchet). GENÈVE: Pic Grave,

400 m, 1.x1.1947 (A. Comellini); Verbois, 9.vii.1961 (J.

Simonet).

ITALY. PieMoNTE: Val Pesio (Cuneo), viii.1907 (R.

Gestro); Barge (Cuneo), Giala loc., Comba Linsolero,

700 m, 13.11.1992 (G.8. Delmastro); Demonte (Cuneo),

Vallone dell’ Arma, San Maurizio, 1150 m, 20.iii.1992

(G.B. Delmastro); Carmagnola (Torino), grove nr. Casci-

na Cascaudo, 260 m, 19.x1.1991 (G.8. Delmastro). LiGUu-

RIA: Val Bisagno (Genova), iii.1978, meadow (S. Zoia);

San Colombano Certenoli (Genova), 13.111.1978 (G.

Gardini); Genova env., 10.111.1978, meadow (S. Zoia).

LomBARDIA: Mt. San Primo (Como) v.1985 (R. Sciaky);

Galbiate, Mt. Barro, Val Faé (Lecco), 620 m, 17.v.1990

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE) 9

(R. Regalin); SW env. of Ballabio (Lecco), 550 m,

29.1.1994 (S. Zoia); Valgreghentino (Lecco), Val Tolse-

ra, 30.111.1991 (R. Regalin), Valgreghentino (Lecco),

720 m, 22.1v.1989 (R. Regalin); Sonico, Comparte env.

(Brescia), 850 m, 6.111.1994 (S. Zoia); Bosco Fontana

Natural Reserve, Marmirolo (Mantova), 15.1.1956 &

15.x11.1957 (8. Poldi). TRENTINO ALTO ADIGE: Cavareno

(Trento), 1000 m, 31.vii.1966 (8. Poldi). FRIULI VENEZIA

Giuria: Venzone (Udine), Mt. Plauris, nr. Casera Ungari-

na, 1325 m, 1-30.1ix.2006, Fagus sylvatica forest (G. Co-

lombetta); Cividale del Friuli, Codromaz (Udine), 500 m,

30.v.1986 forest with Fagus sylvatica (C. Torti); Lipizza

(Trieste); Lago Percedol (Trieste), 24.x11.1981, soil sift-

ing (M. Seriani). EMILIA Romagna: Travo (Piacenza); Mt.

Fumaiolo (Forlì-Cesena), 3.vii1.1982 (/. Gudenzi). To-

SCANA: Pergine Valdarno (Arezzo), x1-x11.1910 & x.1912

(A. Andreini), Chiusi della Verna (Arezzo), 1x.1953 &

ibpsl9535%(B-0Pold1); Sestino Arezzo), 10.x1.1953;

base of an oak (8. Poldi); Moncioni, nr. Montevarchi

(Arezzo), 28.x1.1953 (8. Poldi); Alpe della Luna, nr.

Viamaggio (Arezzo), 920 m, 27.v1.1986, beech+oak (S.

Zoia); Vallombrosa (Firenze), 1150 m, 28.vi.1986 (S.

Zoia);, Arcidosso (Grosseto), v11.1908 (E Solari); Gian-

nutri Island (Grosseto) (Gruppo Entomologico Ligure);

Mt. Amiata (Grosseto), vii.1986 (R. Sciaky); La Verna

(Arezzo), 1120 m 26.v.1986 (S. Zoia); Mt. Argentario

(Grosseto), NE macchia above the Noviziato, 400 m ca.,

22.111.1921 from sifting of leaves and roots (Moczarsky-

Scheerpeltz) [translated from German]; Parco Natu-

rale della Maremma, Uccellina, Alberese (Grosseto),

2.vi.1988 (P. Cenzi); Isola d’Elba (Livorno), Poggio,

6.1.1963, moss (Villa Bianchi); Isola d’Elba (Livorno),

Villa di Napoleone, 23.x11.1975, soil sifting in Quercus

ilex wood (G. Gardini); Isola d'Elba (Livorno), S env.

of Marciana, 350 m, 42°47°N — 10°10°E, 5.x11.1999 (S.

Zoia & F. Polese); Colognole (Livorno), 150 m, 17.x-

2.x1.2006, malaise trap (F Iaccarino & F. Bongianni).

UmgBRIA: Lippiano (Perugia), 1.x1.1936 (A. Andreini);

Costacciaro, Mt. Cucco (Perugia), 1100 m, 23.1v.1989

(S. Zoia). Lazio: Filettino (Frosinone), 3.v.1911 (A. Do-

dero); Fiuggi (Frosinone), 3.ix.1958 (8. Poldi); ABRUZ-

zo: Rosello (Chieti), 27.viti-9.1x.2005, malaise trap (D.

Birtele & P. Cerretti). BASILICATA: nr. Lagonegro (Po-

tenza), iv.1909 (Andreini); Mt. Pollino (Potenza), Colle

dell’Impiso, 1500 m ca., 1.vi.1990, Fagus sylvatica for-

est (R. Regalin); Accettura (Matera), forest Gallipoli,

950 m, 9.v1.1989, oak forest (E Angelini). CALABRIA: Mt.

Pollino (Cosenza), S slope of Coppola di Paola, 1440

m, 12.vi.1991 (S. Zoia); Sila Piccola, E slope Mt. Pietra

Posta (Catanzaro), 1400 m, 12.v1.1991, Fagus sylvatica

forest (S. Zoia); Morano Calabro (Caserta), Convento

Colloreto, 4-7.v.2004 (S. Zoia); Aspromonte Natl. Pk.,

Gambarie (Reggio Calabria), Punta Scirocco, 1500 m,

21.x.1966 (G. Osella); Giffone (Reggio Calabria), Pi-

ano della Limina, 1100 m, 28.ix-12.x.2004, malaise trap

(Grasso & Mauro). PuGLIA: Acquaviva delle Fonti (Bari),

16.x.1988 (ZL. De Marzo). Sicitia: Mt. Etna (Catania),

Mt. Rosso, 1756 m, 10.x.1992; Enna, 1993 (S. Plata-

nia); Madonie Mts., Collesano (Palermo), Piano Zucchi,

1050 m, 31.v.1985 (S. Zoia); Castelbuono (Palermo),

NE slope Pizzo Carbonara, 1400 m, 31.v.1985 (S. Zoia

& R. Rizzerio); Bosco della Ficuzza (Palermo), Torretta

Torre, 940 m, 5-23.v.2004, i-11.2005 & x.2005, pitfall &

malaise traps (Birtele, Cerretti, Nardi, Whitmore & A.

Gatto). SARDEGNA: Lula (Nuoro), 7.111.1912 (A. Dodero);

Padru Mannu, Macomer (Nuoro), 22.v.1976 (G. Osella);

Iglesiente, Marganai Mts. (Carbonia-Iglesias), 700 m,

29.1x-21.x.2003, malaise trap (D. Birtele, P. Cerretti, E.

Minari, M. Tisato & D. Whitmore); Is. Tavolara (Olbia-

Tempio), 21.11.1966, under stones nr. Grotta degli Aranci

(CNR); Iglesias, loc. Mamenga (Carbonia-Iglesias), 610

m, 1.i11.2006, soil sifting (L. Fancello).

CZECH REPUBLIC. Bornemia: Liteîi, 1.v.1975' (P

Werner).

SLOVAKIA. NW env. of Pezinok (Bratislava), 400 m,

14.vii1.1992 (S. Zoia).

SLOVENIA. Mt. Sneznik,23.x.1983, mosses (M. Seri-

ani); slope of V. Javenik, E of Postojna, 590 m, 45°46° 59”

N — 14°18’25” E, 8.vii1.2007, mixed wood beech+fir (S.

Zoia).

CROATIA. IsTRIA: Mt. Maggiore [Udka] (Winkler).

GREECE. Ionian IsLanps: Kefalonia, Plagia, 350 m,

10.1v.1993 (M. Pavesi); Kefalonia, 8 km SW of Sami,

Mt. Strongilos, 350 m, 13.1v.1993 (M. Pavesi). EPIRUS:

Kalivia,W of Mt. Timfi (Ioannina), 650 m, 28.v.1989,

Quercus ilex forest (S. Zoia). THessaLIA: S slope of Mt.

Pilion (Vélos), 900 m, 24.v.1989 (S. Zoia); NW slope of

Mt. Ossa, 1000 m, 25.v.1989 (S. Zoia). MACEDONIA: W of

Kastania (Naousa), 1020 m, 27.v.1989 (S. Zoia).

TURKEY. N of Kamerkéby (Antalya), 800 m ca., road

7-52, 11.1v.1993, oak°s rotting stump (S. Via).

Known distribution. Widespread and common in

West Europe; also recorded in Fast Europe (including

West Russia) and in Turkey.

Comment. Stenamma debile is the most widespread

European Stenamma species and I examined specimens

from Spain to Turkey. It may be confused with S. west-

woodii, S. sardoum and S. striatulum (see under these spe-

cies for further details). Some variation occurs especially

in colour, although S. debile is usually darker than most

species dealt with in this paper.

A series of workers from Spain (Bujaraiza env.) have

pronotal sides and mesopleuron mostly strongly reticu-

late-punctate and almost devoid of usual rugulae. Also,

their promesonotal dorsum is more roughly sculptured

with a more reticulate rugosity; but remaining characters

and measurements (except for their average slightly larger

size) are characteristic of S. debile. Other Spanish speci-

mens (Montejaque env.) appear intermediate in sculpture

between those and ordinary debile. Another series from

Mt. Etna (Sicily) has the promesonotal sculpture more ir-

regularly arranged than usual, approaching the condition

of sardoum or africanum.

Among the characters provided by DuBois (1993: 299-

300) in order to distinguish S. debile from S. westwoodii, I

briefly consider here (and not later in this paper): the shape

of the petiole seen from above, the shape of frontal lobes

(indicated as frontal carinae by DuBois) and the position

of propodeal spines seen from above. I found that on the

basis of the material I examined, S. debile has a petiole

in dorsal view that appears shorter and with more anteri-

orly converging sides (the distance between the anterior

slightly protruding spiracles is about 2/3 of the width at

the node level) than in S. westwoodii (where the ratio is

higher, about %4, and this ratio is shared with the other

species discussed below). However, DuBois” text and fig-

10 FABRIZIO RIGATO

ures (1993) concerning this feature seem to be inverted

between his morpho-types “A” and “B”. The propodeal

spines seen from above (that is with the mesosoma slight-

ly-tilted backward) appear more distant and divergent in

the female castes of S. debile (and also in S. striatulum)

than in other taxa. In the former the distance between pro-

podeal spines’ tips is about 1/4 or more of HW, in other

taxa it is around 1/5. Finally, the differences in the shape

of the frontal lobes suggested by DuBois seem to me to be

insignificant or hardly detectable (compare, for instance,

Figs. 16 and 21).

Males of S. debile (Figs. 57, 61, 66) have distinc-

tive mandibles because of their reduced dentition and

short masticatory margin, appearing weakly developed

when compared with those of males of other species. The

number of teeth is usually reported as 3 (Kutter, 1971;

DuBois, 1993); but, as in females, some variations occur

and right and left mandibles may have different dentitions.

Apical and preapical teeth are always well developed; but

the 3'° and basalmost tooth may be reduced and nearly ab-

sent (a blunt angle at most) or even split into two minute

denticles, providing a total dental count of 2 to 4.

Among the Sardinian material I found some S. debile

males with ordinary 3-toothed mandibles and some with

4 or even 5 teeth. The latter specimens have a more de-

veloped masticatory margin, but even these mandibles

are always reduced, especially when compared to those

of males of most species with fully developed triangular

mandibles. As all of them were collected together with

several winged S. debile gynes and one of S. sardoum,

I considered the possibility that some males with 4- or

S-toothed mandibles could belong to S. sardoum. How-

ever, I could not see any true gap between Sardinian

males with ordinary 3- and those with 5-toothed mandi-

bles. This variation seems partially due to the increasing

development of the inner mandibular margin. It may be

straight and about parallel with the outer border (so the

mandible looks somewhat narrowly rectangular) or more

or less convex, slightly diverging from the outer margin,

and forming a hint of an angle or a denticle at the cor-

ner with the masticatory margin. Also, my measurements

of debile males collected in Sicily and continental Italy

show a relatively high variability in size and indices. So,

through lack of sufficient comparative material, I refrain

from giving a different name to Sardinian males with ex-

tra teeth on the mandibles. As males usually have quite

strong external features useful to separate them at species

level, I would expect the male of S. sardoum to have some

more peculiar character combination. The only other male

I saw with somewhat reduced mandibles is that of S. stria-

tulum (see below).

Stenamma petiolatum Emery

(Figs:3=10318125532159245552)

Stenamma petiolatum Emery, 1897: 12, fig. Holo-

type gyne, ITALY: Lazio, Isola del Liri, 1896 (Y. Emery)

(MSNG) [examined].

[N.B. the handwritten label of the holotype reads: /sola

del Liri 1896 Y. Emery. Emery (1916) reports: Campania,

Valle del Liri. Since 1927 “Isola del Liri” and “Valle del

Liri” belong to the province of Frosinone of the region

Lazio and not to Campania.]

Diagnostic features. It is an easily recognizable taxon

because of its large size, slender body and appendages,

and presence of standing hairs on legs and scapes in addi-

tion to the usual pubescence.

Measurements. Worker. TL 4.8-5.0; HL 1.03-1.10;

HW 0.85-0.91; CI 83; SL 0.93-0.98; SI 108-109; PCI

31-33; PnW 0.60-0.67; AL 1.32-1.43; PSI 1.72-2.00;

PeL 0.52-0.55; PPL 0.31-0.33; PeH 0.25; PPH0.24-0.25;

PeW 0.19-0.20; PPW 0.27; PIl 57-60; PI2 60-64; MTL

0.82-0.89; TI 96-98 (3 measured).

Holotype gyne. TL 5.4; HL 1.08; HW 0.88; CI 81; SL

0.97; SI 110; PCT35; AL'1:58; PSI 2.00; ScWi0%76Mne

J<15*PeL 0:59; PPE 0:36; PeH 027; PPH'027:PeWi0 2a

PPW.0:285 PIT:61kPI2:07;MTIL0:93TFI100%

Gyne. TL 5.7; HL 1.08; HW 0.93; CI 86; SL 1.00; SI

108; PCI36:=ScW.0:79; MnIL167ALTLS7 PS

Pel 0:59; PPI:0.35;PH459: PI2:63}ReH.02 GER Eiurse

PeW 0.22; PPW 0.29; MTL 0.93; TI 100 (1 measured).

Description. Worker (Figs. 3, 10, 18, 25, 32). Man-

dibles with 9-10 teeth and denticles. Eye with about 10

ommatidia. Scape long, slightly but distinctly surpassing

the posterior margin of the head when laid back. Meso-

soma, waist and legs slender. Sculpture mostly reticulate-

rugose; a longitudinal pattern is present chiefly on the

head and waist, Mesosoma, especially dorsally, areolate

and with a trace of median carina on the pronotum. Propo-

deal spines moderately long and apically narrowly blunt.

Pilosity mostly as in other European species; but scapes

and tibiae also bear some scattered suberect hairs. Colour

ferrugineous.

Gyne (Figs. 39, 45, 52). Main features as in worker

except for the usual caste differences.

Male unknown (see under S. zanoni).

Material examined (besides holotype gyne)

ITALY. Liguria: Genova, x1.1901 (E. Borgioli). ToscA-

NA: Mt. Argentario (Grosseto) (A. Dodero) & 12.v.1907

(F Solari).

Distribution. A very rarely collected species, whose

occurrence has been ascertained for only a few scattered

Italian localities. Records from Switzerland must be re-

ferred to S. zanoni n. sp. (see below). Maltese (Schem-

bri & Collingwood, 1981), Spanish (Martinez & Acosta,

1985) and Corsican (Casevitz-Weulersse, 1990) records

await confirmation (see below).

Comment. In my opinion the only genuine specimen

of petiolatum that DuBois (1998) examined was the holo-

type gyne (which he labeled as “Lectotype”, despite the

fact that Emery (1897) had based his description on a sin-

gle specimen); all other specimens he referred to S. peti-

olatum were misidentified. As can be seen from DuBois”

descriptions of worker and gyne, there is at least one

striking difference between the holotype and all the other

material: he reported all workers and 2 gynes having SI

< 100, and stated that the scape was: “almost reaching

but not surpassing occipital vertex”. However, the holo-

type gyne was reported with a SI= 109 (110 in my meas-

urements) and “scape surpassing occipital vertex by an

amount slightly greater than the length of first funicular

segment”. On the basis of the few specimens I examined

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE) ll

the worker and gyne are very similar, as is usual in Ste-

namma. Therefore, I would expect any genuine S. petiola-

tum female to have SI distinctly > 100 and with the scape

surpassing the posterior margin of the head. DuBois also

stated that Corsican workers looked different from those

from Mt. Argentario, Italy. He borrowed the latter and two

gynes (the only ones available, except for the holotype)

from the Museum of Comparative Zoology (Harvard Uni-

versity, USA), but these specimens are reported as having

a locality label identical to that of a series of S. debile in

MSNM collection. These specimens were originally stud-

ied and determined by Finzi (1924), who presumably did

not see any genuine S. petiolatum specimens, but merely

inferred that it was a common species on Mt. Argentario,

because Emery (1915) described petiolatum worker from

that locality. I also tried to see the Corsican specimens

mentioned in DuBois” paper. However, Xavier Espadaler,

their owner, had lent the specimens to another specialist

and could not retrieve them in time for this study.

Kutter (1971) and Della Santa (1988) reported S. petio-

latum from the Swiss locality of “Canton Ticino”, a south-

ern region of Switzerland bordering on North Italy. Della

Santa (1988) assigned a single worker to $S. petiolatum,

whose diagnostic features are quite different from what I

would expect for petiolatum. I borrowed this worker and

realized that it was indistinguishable from my new species

S. zanoni n. sp. (see below). Kutter (1971) described an

isolated male he assigned to petiolatum; but I am reason-

ably certain it also belongs to S. zanoni. In fact, Kutter®s

male comes from San Nazzaro, on the Swiss shores of

Lake Maggiore, which is very close to the “small island”

of Brissago, where Della Santa’s worker originated. Con-

sequently, I am confident that it is a male of S. zanoni (see

below). S. petiolatum and S. zanoni are quite different, but

share characters of relatively large size and the presence

of some raised setae on scapes and tibiae. The occurrence

of this feature in Kutter’s male, as well as other distinctive

characters different from those of other Stenamma males,

led Kutter to assign his specimen to S. petiolatum.

Martinez & Acosta (1985) reported $S. petiolatum from

several Spanish localities, without any comment about ei-

ther morphology or taxonomy. DuBois overlooked this pa-

per and I was unable to see any Spanish specimen. Xavier

Espadaler (pers. comm.) has not see any Spanish speci-

men certainly referable to petiolatum and he is strongly

uncertain about the reliability of the authors’ identifica-

tions because Stenamma was poorly known at that time.

Finally, because of lack of reliable data, at present I

consider S. petiolatum as a rarely collected Italian en-

demic.

Stenamma sardoum Emery

(Figs. 4, 11, 19, 26, 33, 40, 46, 53)

Stenamma sardoum Emery, 1915: 255, pl. IV, figs. 5,

6. Lectotype worker, paralectotype workers and gyne,

ITALY: SARDINIA, Aritzo, x1.1911 (D. Dodero) (MSNG)

[examined].

Diagnostic features. This species has no unique

strong diagnostic features, but, besides its distribution, it

is recognisable by the following combination of worker

characters: the values of SI (usually > 90) and PCI (range:

25-34) plus relatively low and elongate postpetiole (Fig.

26) and irregular promesonotal sculpturation (Fig. 33).

The gyne (Figs. 40, 46, 53) is similar, except for the sculp-

turation.

Measurements. Lectotype worker (designated by

DuBo:s:1993)3sLl25t6x HI30!87HW4042a GLS3% SL

0.66; SI 92; PnW 0.48; AL 1.00; PeL 0.38; PPL 0.26; PeH

02.0: PPHi0-1PeWg016-#PPW4021ABIL668: PID4S3;

MTT40:6.1680135:

Paralectotype workers: TL 3.6-3.9; HL 0.86-0.91;

HW 0.72-0.77; CI 84-85; SL 0.67-0.70; SI 89-93; PnW

0.48-0.51; AL 1.04-1.10; PeL 0.38-0.42; PPL 0.26-0.29;

PeH 0.20-0.23; PPH 0.21-0.23; PeW 0.15-0.18; PPW

0.20-0.23; PI1 68-69; PI2 53-55; MTL 0.61-0.65; TI

84-86 (3 measured)

Paralectotype gyne: TL 4.5; HL 0.95; HW 0.82; CI 86;

SL 0.74; SI 90; ScW 0.64; MnL 1.01; PeL 0.48; PPL 0.33;

PeH{0:25:#PPHi0260*PeW4020%PPW0284PIlL 6942

S9M L03268 3

Non-type material:

Worker. TL 3.3-4.3; HL 0.81-0.91; HW 0.67-0.76;

CI 82-85; SL 0.63-0.70; SI 89-96; PCI 25-34; PnW

0.43-0.51; AL 0.95-1.11; PSI 1.58-1.88; PeL 0.37-0.42;

PPL 0.23-0.27; PeH 0.19-0.22; PPH 0.18-0.22; PeW

0.15-0.17; PPW 0.19-0.23; PI1 62-69; PI2 51-57; MTL

0.56-0.65; TI 81-89 (17 measured).

Gyne. TL 4.4-5.0; HL 0.92-1.01; HW 0.79-0.85; CI

84-86; SL 0.71-0.76; SI 89-90; PCI 30-34; AL 1.28—

1.40; PSI 1.60-2.10; ScW 0.64-0.68; MnL 0.92-1.01;

PeL 0.47-0.50; PPL 0.31-0.33; PeH 0.25; PPH 0.24-

0.26; PeW 0.20-0.21; PPW 0.26-0.28; PI1l 66; PI2 59;

MTL 0.66-0.73; TI 84-86 (2 measured).

Male unknown (but see under S. debile).

Material examined

ITALY. SARDEGNA: Aritzo [Nuoro], x1.1911 (D. Dode-

ro) [type series]; Villagrande Strisaili (Ogliastra), 1v.1987

(Torti); Mt. Sant’ Antonio (Nuoro), 9.x11.92 (R. Sciaky); E

of Seui (Ogliastra), 850 m, 15.v.1994, Quercus ilex leaf lit-

ter (S. Zoia); Iglesias, loc. Mamenga (Carbonia-Iglesias),

610 m, 1.iii.2006, soil sifting (L. Fancello); Iglesias, nr.

Case Marganai (Carbonia-Iglesias), 660 m, 14.x1.2006,

soil sifting (M. Bardiani, G. Nardi, M. Zapparoli & D.

Whitmore), Marganai Mts. (Carbonia-Iglesias), 700 m,

21.x-17.x1.2003, malaise trap (Birtele, Cerretti, Minari,

Tisato & Whitmore).

Distribution. Seemingly a relatively common Sardin-

ian endemic. X. Espadaler (pers. comm.) has assigned the

single specimen reported from Spain by Collingwood and

Yarrow (1969) to S. debile.

Comment. Emery (1915) described Sfenamma sar-

doum on the basis of a few workers and one gyne, com-

paring it with S. westwoodii of earlier authors (i.e. speci-

mens now known to be Stenamma debile) and pointed out

the strong difference in the shape of the petiolar node that

he described as truncate in profile. Actually, Emery was

quite wrong in reporting such a feature, even adding a

misleading figure. I examined the type series and several

other specimens of S. sardoum and all of them have an

ordinary, somewhat rounded node in profile with a faint

19 FABRIZIO RIGATO

flattening at most (Fig. 26). DuBois (1998) designated

the lectotype and redescribed S. sardoum. In his keys he

stated that the petiolar node was ‘““depressed”. Neverthe-

less his drawings showed a petiolar profile comparable to

that of most Stenamma.

Ata glance sardoum female castes were easily sepa-

rated from co-occurring specimens of debile because

females of sardoum are mostly ferrugineous, distinctly

paler than the brown debile, even though colour differ-

ences are generally considered unreliable. Also, in sar-

doum petiolar and postpetiolar sternites in profile look

distinctly, although weakly, more concave below the

nodes. In contrast, the waist sternites of debile are only

faintly concave at most (compare Figs. 24 and 26). This

difference is easier to appreciate when specimens of both

species are compared directly. Stenamma sardoum female

castes generally look similar to S. westwoodii. Diagnostic

features useful to separate them are difficult to appreciate

and rely on difference in PCI, promesonotal sculpturation

and shape of postpetiole.

Stenamma siculum n. sp.

(Figs. 5, 41, 47, 48, 54, 58, 63, 68)

Diagnostic features. A relatively slender species with

moderately elongate scape. The male has fully developed

mandibles and reticulate-punctate propodeal dorsum (Fig.

68). Both gyne and male bear several standing (subde-

cumbent to suberect) hairs along the dorsal edge of the

scape mixed with the ordinary subdecumbent pubescence

(Fig. 48).

Measurements. Holotype (Gyne) TL 4.8; HL 0.95;

HWs£0,78;3CIES2=SL0:77:#S199*PCIF35:#ATRE40 SI

1645 ScW70.672MnL#].05# PeE*t0S E 3PP1S 0580=#PeH

0.24; PPH 0.24; PeW 0.20; PPW 0.26; PI1 59; PI2 65;

MTL 0.73; TI 94.

Gyne. TL 4.6-5.1; HL 0.94-1.02; HW 0.77-0.84; CI

82-84; SL 0.77-0.82; SI 97-100; PCI 29-33; AL 1.32-

1.50; PSI 1.5-1.8; ScW 0.66-0.74; MnL 0.95-1.11; PeL

0.49-0.54; PPL 0.30-0.34; PeH 0.24-0.27; PPH 0.23-

0.26; PeW 0.18-0.21; PPW 0.24-0.28; PIl 59-68; PI2

62-66; MTL 0.72-0.79; TI 90-96 (11 measured).

Male. TL 3.4-4.5; HL 0.65-0.73; HW 0.54-0.62;

CI 82-85; SL 0.29-0.36; SI 53-64; AL 1.19-1.43; ScW

0.58-0.71; MnL 0.79-0.97; PeL 0.44-0.50; PPL 0.24-

0.27; PeH 0.17-0.22; PPH 0.18-0.21; PeW 0.16-0.19;

PPW 0.21--0.26; PI1 54-59; PI2 78-82; MTL 0.82-0.99;

TI 151-163 (6 measured).

Description. Worker unknown.

Gyne (Figs. 5, 41, 47, 48, 54). Mandibles longitudi-

nally rugose with distinct piligerous pits, 8-10 toothed.

Anterior clypeal border shallowly concave in the middle.

Head (Fig. 47) distinctly longer than wide, with moder-

ately convex sides, narrower at occipital angles than at

mandibular insertion; its surface mostly areolate with

longitudinal rugulation prevailing on the front, reticulate-

punctate ground sculpture moderately developed. Scape

moderately long, usually just reaching the posterior mar-

gin of the head when laid back. The latter weakly convex

in full face view.

Mesosoma (Fig. 41, 54) in profile with weakly convex

mesoscutum; propodeal dorsum steep. Pronotum mostly

transversely irregularly rugose. Mesonotum with an irreg-

ular median carina and mostly longitudinally irregularly

rugose. Sides of mesosoma irregularly longitudinally ru-

gose, except for the largely smooth anterior mesopleuron.

Propodeal dorsum transversely rugose; its declivity faint-

ly transversely rugulose and shining. Propodeal spines

strong and sharp. Waist reticulate-punctate with scattered

short irregular rugulae; nodes mostly smooth and shining.

Petiole in profile with a bluntly triangular node, its ster-

nite distinctly concave at node level and with no anterior

subpetiolar process. Postpetiole in profile relatively elon-

gate; its sternite weakly concave and with a slightly pro-

truding anterior process. In dorsal view petiolar peduncle

just behind the protruding spiracles about parallel-sided.

Gaster almost completely smooth and shining, except at

its basalmost portion, which is weakly reticulate-punctate

with superimposed diverging short rugulae.

Appressed to subdecumbent pubescence moderately

long and occurring above most surfaces, more abundant

on head and appendages. Standing, subdecumbent to

erect, hairs as usual: abundant on head (especially dorso-

medially, laterally and ventrally), dorsum of mesosoma

and gaster. Scape (Fig. 48) dorsally with several standing

(subdecumbent to suberect) hairs raised above the level of

the pubescence; extensor surface of mid and hind tibiae

with few, sparse subdecumbent setae besides the ordi-

nary decumbent pubescence. All of these appendage se-

tae often are not clearly distinguishable from pubescence

hairlets, but they are basally straighter and raised above

pubescence level.

Colour mostly ferrugineous throughout, with a more

testaceous gaster. Wings appearing faintly infuscated

Male (Figs. 58, 63, 68). Mandibles fully developed,

superficially rugulose and shining, 6- to 7-toothed. Head

(Fig. 63) in full face view with moderately convex sides;

mostly finely reticulate-punctate, with superimposed,

chiefly longitudinal, rugulae. Pronotum mostly superficial-

ly reticulate-punctate with scattered rugulae. Mesoscutum

mostly smooth and shining, especially anteriorly between

the well marked notauli; the remaining portions irregular-

ly reticulate-rugose. Scutellum strongly sculptured, retic-

ulate-punctate with irregular rugosity. Propodeal dorsum

with a similar, but more superficial sculpturation. Meso-

soma in profile with prevailingly smooth mesopleuron

and rugose propodeum. The propodeal dorsum distinctly

longer than the declivity, which is finely transversely ru-

gulose and shining. Waist chiefly reticulate-punctate, lon-

gitudinally rugulose, with smooth nodes.

Pilosity mostly as in gyne.

Colour mostly piceous, with brown appendages and

paler mandibles, tarsi and apical half of the funiculi.

Wings as in gyne.

Holotype (gyne): ITALY, Sicivy, Corleone (Paler-

mo), fraz. Ficuzza, 680 m, UTM 33 S 357272 4194090,

9.x11.2003-24.II.2004, malaise trap (D. Birtele, P. Cer-

retti, M. Tisato). (CNBF)

Paratypes. 21 gynes and 5 males with the same data

as the holotype. 10 gynes and 4 males: ITALY, Srciy, Bo-

sco della Ficuzza (Palermo), Torretta Torre, 940 m, UTM

33 S 357671 4194110, malaise trap I-II.2005, (A. Gatto).

1 male: ITALY, Siciry, Bosco della Ficuzza (Palermo),

Torretta Torre, 940 m, Plot Conecofor SIC 1, UTM 33 S

357671 4194110, malaise trap ix.2005 (A. Gatto). (BM-

NH, CNBF, MSNG, MSNM)

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE) 13

Comment. Initially I was unaware of this new spe-

cies and thought these specimens could belong either

to $S. sardoum or to S. msilanum (sensu DuBois, 1998;

see below). In fact, they seem to share many features

with both, especially relatively elongate appendages and

shape of the petiole. The unique striking difference from

them is the presence of several raised hairs on the ap-

pendages (e.g. Fig. 48). This feature is shared with very

different taxa such as S. petiolatum and S. zanoni (e.g.

Fig. 72). Unfortunately, the worker is still unknown, but

I am confident it will exhibit the same distinctive fea-

ture.

Stenamma striatulum Emery

(Figs. 6, 12, 20, 27, 34, 42, 49, 55, 59, 64, 69)

Stenamma westwoodi var. striatulum Emery, 1895:

300 (footnote). 2 syntype workers and 1 dealate gyne,

ITALY: Capodimonte [Naples], 30.i11.[18]72 (C. Emery)

[not examined]. 1 syntype alate gyne, ITALY: PIEMONTE

“776” [handwritten by Gribodo] (Gribodo) (MSNG) [not

examined].

Stenamma striatulum Emery. Muller, 1923: 46. [Rai-

sed to species].

Stenamma westwoodi var. tscherkessitum Arnol’di,

1928: 214, figs. 5-6. Holotype gyne, RUSSIA: NE coast

of the Black Sea, Abrau nr. Novorossiysk, 28.viii.1924

(Arnol’di) (ZMMU) [not examined]. [Synonymy by Ar-

nol’di, 1975: 1822].

Diagnostic features. This is the smallest (especially

the gyne) West European Stenamma, characterised, in both

the female castes and the male, by finer and more longitu-

dinally arranged rugulation on head (especially on frons

and vertex, see Figs. 20 and 49) and promesonotum (Figs.

34, 55); the integument in females looks also somewhat

shinier than in other species. Furthermore, the worker has

moderately long propodeal spines (PSI nearly always >

1.6 and sometimes even > 2.00), and both female castes

have scapes almost reaching the posterior margin of the

head when laid back. The waist appears somewhat stocky

and with petiolar sternite straight and postpetiolar sternite

shorter than usual (Fig. 27). Males have relatively weakly

developed mandibles (Fig. 64) and a peculiar propodeal

dorsum sculpturation: strongly finely reticulate-punctate

with several transverse rugulae (Fig. 69).

Measurements. Worker. TL 2.9-3.4; HL 0.67-0.78;

HW 0.57-0.67; CI 83-89; SL 0.53-0.62; SI 89-97; PCI

26-34; PnW 0.38-0.46; AL 0.77-0.97; PSI 1.59-2.00;

PeL 0.28-0.35; PPL 0.18-0.21; PeH 0.18-0.22; PPH

0.18-0.23; PeW 0.14-0.17; PPW 0.19-0.23; PI1 57-67;

PI2 46-55; MTL 0.43-0.52; TI 73-81 (24 measured).

Gyne. TL 3.5-3.8; HL 0.75-0.80; HW 0.65-0.71; CI

85-90; SL 0.59-0.62; SI 86-91; PCI 24-32; AL 1.02-

1.11; PSI 1.61-2.08; ScW 0.52-0.56; MnL 0.70-0.79;

Pel20:32-037XPRIE+020-023;8 PeHs0:23-025;PPH

0.24-0.25; PeW 0.16-0.19; PPW 0.23-0.27; PI1 58-66;

PI2 49-54; MTL 0.50--0.57; TI 77-82 (9 measured). [Me-

asurements of a paratype gyne of S. orousseti for com-

parative purposes: TL 3.8; HL 0.79; HW 0.68; CI 86; SL

0.61; SI 90; AL 1.08; PSI 2.14; ScW 0.52; MnL 0.77; PeL

U SR: PP1A023#BeH0025%PEH:025aPeW#0:20:PPW

0.25; PI1 61; PI2 54; MTL 0.52; TI 76]

Male. TL 3.1-3.4; HL 0.55-0.56; HW 0.47-0.48;

CI 85-86; SL 0.17-0.20; SI 36-42; AL 1.05-1.12; ScW

0.50-0.54; MnL 0.74-0.77; PeL 0.31-0.34; PPL 0.19-

0.20; PeH 0.20-0.21; PPH 0.19-0.20; PeW 0.16-0.17;

PPW 0.21-0.23; PI1 59-62; PI2 66-71; MTL 0.60-0.64;

TI 128-133 (3 measured).

Material examined

SPAIN. CatALUNYA: Montseny (Barcelona), 12.x.1977

(Briganti, Parodi & Zoia); Sierra del Montseny, San Ber-

nat, 800 m, 23.ix.1989 (R. Poggi).

SWITZERLAND. CAnTON Ticino: Claro (Bellinzona),

19.111.1960 (8. Poldi); Sementina, 500 m (A. Focarile);

Chiasso, 2.v1.1969, lavage de terre (Besuchet-Lòbl); Ran-

cate, 5.vi.1969, lavage de terre (Besuchet-Lòbl); Cavergno,

Valle Maggia, 600-800 m, x.1997 (A. Focarile); Ascona,

5.x1.1984, pied platane (C. Besuchet); Besazio, 7.x1.1984,

feuilles mortes (C. Besuchet), Brissago, 4.x1.1984, herbes

mortes & 26.1v.1985, vieille souche (E. della Santa); peti-

te île de Brissago, pied mur église, 17-24.1v.1986 (E. Del-

la Santa); petite île de Brissago, 14-21.v1i.1986 & 12-19.

vi1.1986 (E. Della Santa).

ITALY. PIEMONTE: Arona (Novara), ix.1987 (R. Sciaky);

Nebbiuno env. (Novara), 31.vi1.1996, (F Rigato); Lombar-

dore (Torino), 13.1v.1964 (G. Osella); La Mandria Reg. Pk.

(Torino), 17.v1i.1985 (E. Tosti-Croce), NE env. Frossasco

(Torino), 325 m, 9.x.1991 (G.8. Delmastro & G. Poidoma-

ni); Mt. Capretto Reg. Pk., Avigliana (Torino), loc. Pietra

Piatta, 440 m, 22.x.1991(G.B. Delmastro & V. Mangini).

Liguria: Leivi (Genova), x11.1898 (Solari); Nostra Signora

di Montallegro, Rapallo (Genova), 16.v1.1907 (Solari); Mt.

Fasce (Genova), 6.x1.1909 (A. Dodero); Casella (Genova),

1x.1936 (C. Mancini); San Colombano Certenoli (Genova),

13.11.1978 (Gardini & Zoia). LomBARDIA: Paderno d’Ad-

da (Lecco), 220 m, 19.11.1991 (R. Regalin); Monza park

(Monza-Brianza), ix.1985 (R. Sciaky); Brughiera Briantea,

Meda (Monza-Brianza), 23.1.2000 (M. Plumari); Valle di

Astino (Bergamo), 280 m, 28.1.1982 (Valle); Bosco Fon-

tana, Marmirolo (Mantova), 20.x1.1956 & 15.x11.1957 (8.

Poldi), Soave - Rio Freddo (Mantova), 15.x11.1984 (Cor-

nacchia). Veneto: Colli Euganei (Padova), 22.v.1931

(Tasso, Schatzmayr & Koch); Zovencedo, Monti Berici

(Vicenza), 8.111.1982 (M. Seriani);, Riese Pio X (Treviso),

9-30.ix.1991 (Schirato), Bosco Olmé, Cessalto (Treviso),

7.iv & 26.1x.1980 (Paoletti); Bosco di Lison (Venezia),

21.ix.1986 (Favretto). Friuli VENEZIA GIULIA: Bosco Saci-

le, Carlino (Udine), 26.ix & 2.xii.1980 (Paoletti); Cividale

del Friuli, Codromaz (Udine), 500 m, 30.v.1986 forest with

Fagus sylvatica (C. Torti); Cervignano del Friuli (Udine),

23.vili.1986 (M. Seriani); Duino (Trieste), 30.11.1931 (A.

Schatzmayr). Toscana: Alpi Apuane, Stazzema (Lucca),

20-22.vi.1921 (A. Baliani). MARCHE: Mt. Carda (Pesaro-

Urbino), 18.x1.1938 (A. Andreini). UMBRIA: Lippiano (Pe-

rugia), vii.1930 (A. Andreini).

GREECE. EPirus: Pindos Mts., W of Mt. Athama-

non [=Tzoumerka] (Arta), 920 m, 31.v.1989 (S. Zoia);

Kalivia,W of Mt. Timfi (IoAnnina), 650 m, 28.v.1994 (S.

Zoia). THessALIA: S slope of Mt. Pilion (Vélos), 900 m,

24.v.1989 (S. Zoia).

TURKEY. Borcka (Artvin), 15.vi.1969 (G. Osella);

Dereli (Giresun), 800 m, 7.vii.1975 (G. Osella); Bulancak

(Giresun), 7.vii.1975 (G. Osella).

14 FABRIZIO RIGATO

Distribution. Widespread and locally common in

South Europe from Spain to Greece, and also occurring

in Anatolia.

Comment. A quite distinctive species because of its

small size, more regular longitudinal sculpturation, pro-

podeal spines length and waist structure. The workers

may be superficially confused with small specimens of S.

debile (see discussion of S. orousseti above).

After the examination of dozens of S. striatulum wor-

kers, I discovered that in profile the short, shallow, so-

mewhat rectangular prominence of the postpetiolar sterni-

te in S. striatulum is about 40% of PPH; whereas the same

structure in other species is >50% of PPH (for instance,

compare Figs. 24 and 27). This feature seems consistent

and allows the recognition of S. striatulum female castes

at a glance.

As mentioned above I examined a paratype gyne of

“S. orousseti”, which is indistinguishable from those of S.

striatulum. In my opinion, because of their size (as repor-

ted in the original description) all of “S. orousseti” gynes

should be referred to S. striatulum.

Males of S. striatulum are easily recognizable by

their combination of strongly sculptured propodeal

dorsum (Fig. 69) and slightly reduced 4- to 5-toothed

mandibles (Fig. 64), and by their low SI (< 45) and TI

(#35)

Stenamma westwoodii Westwood

(Figs. 13, 21, 28, 35, 43, 50, 56, 60, 65, 70)

Stenamma westwoodii Westwood, 1839: 219, fig. 86.

Lectotype male, UNITED KINGDOM (OUMNH) [not

examined].

Diagnostic features. A species with moderately

elongate scapes and legs, recognizable in female castes

especially by its slightly constricted posterior clypeal lo-

be (Figs. 21, 50), whose minimum width is about 1/5 to

almost 1/4 of the maximum distance between the frontal

lobes. Also, worker’s promesonotum (Fig. 35) has a well

defined, but wandering, median carina, which is crossed

by short irregular transverse rugulae. The male (Figs. 60,

65, 70) has fully developed, 6-toothed, mandibles and

smooth and shining propodeal dorsum.

Measurements. Worker. TL 3.7-4.3; HL 0.83-0.92;

HW 0.68-0.78; CI 82-86; SL 0.63-0.70; SI 89-93; PCI

18-23; PnW 0.46-0.52; AL 1.05-1.15; PSI 1.22-1.52;

PeL 0.37-0:43; PPL‘0:25-0.28; PeH®0:21-025;*PPH

0.22-0.25; PeW 0.16-0.20; PPW 0.23-0.26; PI1 65-68;

PI2 54-55; MTL 0.59-0.67; TI 83-87 (4 measured).

Gyne. TL 4.5-4.7; HL 0.91-0.95; HW 0.75-0.79; CI

82-84; SL 0.70-0.72; SI 91-93; PCI 22-23; AL 1.32-

1.35; PSI 1.61-1.84; ScW 0.63-0.67; MnL 0.94-0.99;

PeL 0.46-0.49; PPL 0.28-0.31; PeH 0.25-0.26; PPH

0.26-0.29; PeW 0.20-0.21; PPW 0.27-0.31; PIl 61-64;

PI2 60-62; MTL 0.67-0.72; TI 85-96 (3 measured).

Male. TL 3.8-4.0; HL 0.64-0.73; HW 0.58-0.62;

CI 85-91; SL 0.22-0.25; SI 38-40; AL 1.27-1.35; ScW

0.59-0.65; MnL 0.88-0.97; PeL 0.39-0.45; PPL 0.24—

0.28; PeH 0.21; PPH 0.22; PeW 0.19; PPW 0.26-0.27;

PIl 62; PI2 67-73; MTL 0.88-0.91; TI 147-152 (2 me-

asured).

Material examined

UNITED KINGDOM. Lonpon: Enfield, x.1906;

Guernsey: St. Martins, x1.1992 (C. David); Devon: Dou-

ble Waters (Tavy Valley), 2.x1.1968; BERKSHIRE: Owlsmo-

or, nr. Crowthorne Berks, 18.1x.1957; OxForpsHIRE: Em-

mer Green, su 7/8773, 17.1x.1993 nest in flowerbed (D.G.

Notton).

FRANCE. Mrpi-Pyrénfes: Foix sur Ariège, 1-15.

vi.1914 (A. Dodero)

Distribution. South United Kingdom, Belgium, the

Netherlands (Seifert, 2007) and Southwest France.

Comment. I saw relatively few specimens of genuine

S. westwoodii. Among the distinctive features pointed out

by DuBois (1993) the narrow posterior clypeal portion

and the “leggy appearance” of female castes are useful;

however, the latter is shared with other species. Althou-

gh I consider DuBois measurements quite inaccurate as

regards the posterior clypeus, S. westwoodii does show

a slightly different shape of the latter, which is narro-

wer than in related taxa. In most Stenamma the posterior

clypeal lobe is somewhat parallel-sided between the fron-

tal lobes; whereas in S. westwoodii it is slightly narrower

in front than behind forming a sort of “neck” (for instan-

ce, compare Figs. 16 and 21). As Seifert (2007) more ca-

refully stated in his keys, in S. westwoodii that portion is

as narrow as about 1/6 of the maximum distance between

the frontal lobes at the level of antennal insertions. In $.

debile, and other species, that ratio is about 1/4 to 1/3. My

measurements show a ratio (expressed as a percentage,

PCI) of about 1/5 to nearly 1/4 for S. westwoodii.

DuBois (l.c.) defined S. westwoodii as more “leggy”

because the species has longer appendages than S. debile

(compare SI and TI in Table 1 and 2). This feature makes

S. westwoodii closer to S. sardoum and to S. africanum

(see below for its revival from synonymy with S. msila-

num). Also, all of these three species share other features:

1) in workers the main sculpture of pronotum (see Figs.

11, 13, 15 and 33, 35, 37), especially laterally, is more or

less irregularly reticulate-rugulose rather than prevailin-

gly longitudinally rugulose (for instance, compare with

Figs 8, 12 and 31, 34); and 2) the petiole in profile has

a more pronounced concavity below the node (Figs. 26,

28, 30) and looks somewhat more slender. In addition,

I realized that S. westwoodii seems more closely related

to $. sardoum. Besides evident differences in PCI, other

seemingly important characters concern the sculpturation

of promesonotum and the PPH. In S. westwoodii the pro-

mesonotum has a median irregular, but easily identifiable,

carina which is mostly crossed by several transverse irre-

gular rugulae and the dorsum looks quite loosely areolate

(Fig. 35). In S. sardoum the median carina is less evident

and the remaining sculpturation is even more irregular

(Fig. 33).

Moreover, S. westwoodii has a relatively higher

postpetiole, which looks less elongate than in S. sardoum

(compare Figs. 26 and 28).

DuBois (1993) pointed out that in dorsal view the

petioles of westwoodii and debile are different. As men-

tioned above, in the comments on debile, I tried such

a comparison and found that in westwoodii (as well as

in sardoum, and msilanum) the petiole in dorsal view

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE) l S

is more parallel sided than in S. debile, whose petiole

is more distinctly narrower anteriorly. Also, the male of

S. westwoodii is distinctly different from that of debile

(compare Figs. 60, 65, 70 with Figs. 57, 61, 66), as alre-

ady reported by DuBois (1993).

Finally, I also assign to this taxon a single worker la-

beled: Foix Ariège (Gallia) [=FRANCE], 1/15.VI.1914,

leg. A. Dodero. It is indistinguishable from British west-

woodii specimens, including the promesonotal sculptu-

ration; but its gaster has the first tergite finely and super-

ficially reticulate-punctate on most of its surface. I found

a similar sculpture in a worker from UK, and therefore

I would presume the occurrence of such sculpture to be

normal variation and relatively widespread in this spe-

cies.

Stenamma zanoni n. sp.

(H1gsa/A14922 3293 .60562::073672)

Diagnostic features. A relatively large taxon, with

moderately elongate scapes, and several standing hairs

on tibiae (Fig. 72) and scapes. The worker has short and

stout, somewhat upturned propodeal teeth (Figs. 7 and

14). The male has about the same pilosity as in the worker

and has notauli almost absent (Fig. 67).

Measurements. Holotype (worker). TL 4.3; HL 1.00;

HW'0.81; CI 81; SL 0.80; SI 99; PCI 25; PnW 0.57; AL

}:23; PSI 1.24; PeL.0.44; PPL 0.24; PeH 0.25; PPH 0.25;

PI1 55; PI2 54; MTL 0.72; TI 89; PeW 0.18; PPW 0.24.

Worker. TL 4.2-4.7; HL 0.94-1.02; HW 0.77-0.84;

CI 80-84; SL 0.73-0.82; SI 95-99; PCI 27-31; PnW

0.52-0.59; AL 1.21-1.30; PSI 1.19-1.64; PeL 0.42-0.46;

PPL 0.23-0.25; PeH 0.24-0.25; PPH 0.24-0.26; PeW

0.17-0.20; PPW 0.22-0.25; PI1 51-57; PI2 52-56; MTL

0.68-0.75; TI 85-90 (7 measured).

Male. TL 4.3-4.6; HL 0.68-0.77; HW 0.57-0.65; CI

84; SL 0.33-0.36; SI 55-58; AL 1.38-1.50; ScW 0.65-

0.73; MnL 0.94-1.06; PeL 0.47-0.50; PPL 0.25-0.27;

PeH 0.20-0.25; PPH 0.21-0.25; PeW 0.16-0.20; PPW

0.23-0.27; PIl 53-54; PI2 77-82; MTL 0.93-1.04; TI

160-163 (2 measured).

Description. Worker (Figs. 7, 14, 22, 29, 36). Mandi-

bles 9-10 toothed, longitudinally rugose with distinct pi-

ligerous pits. Anterior clypeal border shallowly concave

in the middle; posterior clypeal lobe about 1/4 or more

as wide as the frontal lobe distance. Head (Fig. 22) di-

stinctly longer than wide with moderately convex sides,

narrower at occipital angles than at mandibular insertion;

mostly areolate with longitudinal rugulation, especially

medially, and a quite well developed reticulate-punctate

ground sculpture. Scape moderately long, reaching or at

most hardly surpassing the posterior margin of the head

when laid back. Posterior margin of the head straight. Eye

with some 10 or less ommatidia.

Pronotum anteriorly transversely rugulose. Promeso-

notal surface (Fig. 36) largely irregularly longitudinally

rugulose and with very weak ground sculpture, except la-

terally where it is more developed. Mesopleuron mostly

reticulate-punctate with superimposed irregular rugula-

tion. Mesosoma in profile (see Fig. 14) with promesono-

tum forming a very shallow convexity; metanotal groove

V-shaped, the propodeal dorsum rises steeply from it into

a flat dorsal face. Propodeum dorsally and laterally mo-

stly irregularly areolate with reticulate-punctate ground

sculpture; declivity smooth and shining. Propodeal teeth

strong and short, when more developed they are distinctly

upturned. Waist (Fig. 29) finely reticulate-punctate with

some scattered short irregular rugulae; nodes appearing

mostly smooth and shining. Petiole with a relatively nar-

rowly domed node, its sternite distinctly concave at no-

de level and with a vestigial anterior subpetiolar process.

Postpetiole in profile relatively short and high; its sternite

faintly concave and with a slightly protruding anterior

process. In dorsal view petiole nearly as wide at the level

of the spiracles as at the node.

Pilosity mostly as in other species dealt with in this

paper; but extensor surface of tibiae (Fig. 72) and dor-

sal surface of scapes bear few to several subdecumbent to

suberect hairs that are raised above the level of the pube-

scence. Such hairs do not always clearly project beyond

the pubescence.

Colour chiefly brown, with a more or less developed

ferrugineous tinge and chiefly testaceous legs, antennae,

clypeus and mandibles. Gaster slightly paler than the re-

maining body, except for most of the first tergite.

Gyne unknown.

Male (Figs. 62, 67). Mandibles fully developed, 6-too-

thed, superficially finely striolate and shining. Head (Fig.

62) in full face view with weakly convex sides and straight

posterior margin; its surface finely reticulate-punctate

with superimposed, mainly longitudinal and irregular ru-

gulation. Pronotum rugulose with weak ground sculpture.

Mesoscutum with vestigial notauli (Fig. 67). Mesonotum

longitudinally rugulose, except laterally. Sides of meso-

soma mostly reticulate punctate; mesopleuron smoother,

propodeum with rougher sculpture and partially rugose.

Propodeal dorsum very superficially reticulate-punctate

and about as shiny as the declivity. In profile propodeal

dorsum about twice as long as the declivity. Petiole and

postpetiole mostly finely reticulate-punctate, except for

their nodes, which are smooth or nearly so. Waist sterni-

tes at most weakly concave in profile; postpetiole with a

small protruding point anteriorly.

Pubescence mostly decumbent and especially abun-

dant on the appendages, standing hairs sparse and mostly

abundant on mesonotum and gaster. Some subdecumbent

hairs occur on the outer edge of the tibiae.

Colour dark blackish brown; legs mostly brown, an-

tennae brown with last 5 joints pale testaceous, mandibles

testaceous.

Holotype (worker): ITALY, FRIULI VENEZIA GIULIA,

Osoppo (Udine), 30.iv.2001, excavation nr. fortress (D.

Zanon) (MSNM)

Paratypes. 5 workers with the same data as the holot-

ype (MSNM). 1 male: ITALY, LomBARDIA, Monza park

(Monza-Brianza), 25.1x.1985 (£ Rigato) (MSNM). 1

worker: SWITZERLAND, CANTON Ticino, Calonico-Le-

ventina, 950 m (A. Focarile) [original labels: HELVETIA

(Ticino) Calonico-Leventina, 950 m A. Focarile/Castane-

tum insubricum] (MHNG); 1 worker: SWITZERLAND,

CANTON Ticino, Piccola Isola di Brissago, 12-19.vi1.1986

(E. Della Santa) [original label: SUISSE — Tessin, P.te

île Brissago, 12-19.7.86, E. Della Santa] (MHNG). 1

male: SWITZERLAND, CANTON Ticino, San Nazzaro,

30.1x.1962. (MZL)

16 FABRIZIO RIGATO

Comment. An easily distinguished taxon. Its size is

close to petiolatum, with which it may be superficially

confused (e.g. Della Santa, 1988, and see below); yet the

only strong similarity between them is the presence of rai-

sed hairs on tibiae and scapes. Other diagnostic features,

such as SI (see Table 1), promesonotal sculpture, propo-

deal teeth and waist shape are strikingly different.

I borrowed the worker reported by Della Santa (1988)

as S. petiolatum and when I received it and several other

Swiss Stenamma collected from close localities, I was

surprised to find that his specimen and another one ac-

tually belonged to my new taxon, of which I had just few

workers from Northeast Italy, quite far from Switzerland.

As mentioned above in the “comment” to S. petiola-

tum, I confidently assign to S. zanoni the male that Kutter

(1971) described as belonging to S. petiolatum, and a ma-

le I have from North Italy (Monza park) is also included.

Initially, I thought these two males could belong to diffe-

rent taxa because Kutter’s figures show a relatively high

propodeum with basal and declivitous faces very similar

in length, whereas my own specimen has the basal propo-

deal face about twice as long as the declivity. I examined

Kutter’s male (borrowed from MZL), and realized that

Kutter’s figure is somewhat inaccurate. His male is ve-

ry similar to mine and must be considered as conspecific

with it.

The male of S. zanoni is strikingly different from any

other known European Stenamma male because of its vir-

tually absent notauli (Fig. 67), which are well developed

in all other taxa. Also, Kutter (1.c.) correctly pointed out

the relatively strong development of mid and hind legs’

tibial spurs in his ‘“S. petiolatum” male. In fact his male,

as well as the worker, has relatively well developed spurs

when compared with other taxa, but in my male from

“Monza park” the spurs are less developed. However,

this is not considered a fully reliable feature for separa-

ting taxa, both for lack of sufficient material and for some

variations I observed among females and males of other

Stenamma. Mid and hind tibial spurs in most Stenamma

I examined are reduced and often hardly visible, or even

appear completely lacking (e.g. in S. striatulum): they are

short and thin at most and easily confused with the pilosity

of the tibial apices. About this feature Branstetter (2009)

reported for Stenamma?”s worker caste: “middle and hind

tibiae lacking spurs” (character 17, page 43). I propose

to modify this statement to: “middle and hind tibial spurs

variable, usually reduced or absent”.

Stenamma africanum Santschi and S. msilanum Forel

While examining S. siculum a comparison was made

with its apparently closest relative, S. msilanum (sensu

DuBois, 1998, who considered africanum to be a junior

synonym of msilanum) and S. africanum type series,

which consists of a few workers and one gyne, was bor-

rowed from NHMB. Workers come from several Tuni-

sian localities and one specimen is from Béne (currently

Annaba), a coastal locality of Northeast Algeria, not far

from Tunisia. AIl workers appear consistent and I con-

sider them as conspecific and also conspecific with the

type of S. africanum var. submuticum Santschi, which

was also examined. The measurements given by DuBois

for the lectotype he designated are misleading. He gave

a SI of 115, which is considerably higher than any other

species dealt with in this paper. Such an index would

mean a scape strongly surpassing the posterior margin

of the head when laid back, even exceeding that of S. pe-

tiolatum. However, on examination the lectotype turned

out as quite ordinary with SI = 95 and scape’s apex clo-

sely approaching the posterior margin of the head when

laid back. Paralectotypes have a slightly higher SI as al-

so does a separate series from Tunisia that I examined.

Other features of S. africanum worker are the relatively

low postpetiole, looking longer than high (PPL>PPH),

and the shallow, but easily visible, concavity of petiolar

sternite in profile at the level of the node (Fig. 30). The

gyne of S. africanum in the type series comes from “Col

de Talmetz”. Although both Santschi (1939) and DuBois

(1998, as “Col de Talmet”) reported this as a Tunisian

locality, I found it to be in North Algeria (ca. 36°41° N

and 4°43’ E), and quite distant from where $S. africanum

workers were collected. However, I consider that the gy-

ne is conspecific with the workers, even though it has SI

=91, anda less concave petiolar sternite.

Finally, I examined the holotype of S. msilanum. It

was described from a single gyne collected in the forest

of Msila (Oran prov., Algeria), which is relatively close

to Morocco. In my opinion it is not conspecific with S.

africanum. The most striking differences lie in colour and

petiolar shape. The S. msilanum type is as dark as S. de-

bile gynes (S. africanum is ferrugineous), and its waist's

sternites are fully straight in profile.

Consequently, I propose to formally resurrect S. afri-

canum as a valid species, with submuticum as its junior

synonym, different from S. msilanum.

Stenamma africanum Santschi stat. rev.

(Fiess15 523839050)

Stenamma africanum Santschi, 1939: 66, fig. 2. Lectot-

ype worker, paralectotype workers and gyne, TUNISIA:

Aiîn-Draham (Normand) [Lectotype]; Camp de la Santé

(Normand); Camp de Bugeaud (Normand); ALGERIA:

Col de Talmetz, 11.x.1928 (Normand) (NHMB) [exami-

ned]. Stat. rev. [Previously synonymised with msilanum

by DuBois, 1998: 254.]

Stenamma africanum var. submuticum Santschi, 1939:

67, fig. 3. Holotype worker, ALGERIA. Bòne (Normand)

(NHMB) [examined]. Syn. n. [Previously synonymised

with msilanum by DuBois, 1998: 254.]

Diagnostic features. Stenamma africanum is a relati-

vely large species with elongate scapes and with a poste-

rior clypeal lobe often as narrow as in some S. westwoodii

specimens. The petiolar sternite is shallowly, but distinct-

ly, concave below the node.

Measurements. Lectotype (worker). TL 4.1; HL 0.92;

HW 0.77; CI 84; SL 0.73; SI 95; PCI 28; PnW 0.53; AL

1:12» PSI1.65;:Pel:0.40; PPL:0:25>PeFH:.0:21PREK020

PeW.0.15;PPW:0:21:PIl 62sPE2-52: MITE 0.603,10

Worker (including paralectotypes). TL 3.5-4.1; HL

0.86-0.95; HW 0.69-0.78; CI 80-84; SL 0.68-0.76; SI

95-100; PCI 23-31; PnW 0.47-0.54; AL 1.00-1.13; PSI

1.2-1.7; PeL 0.37-0.43; PPL 0.23-0.26; PeH 0.20-0.24;

PPH 0.20-0.23; PeW 0.14-0.17; PPW 0.20-0.23; PI1 56-

65; PI2 51-60; MTL 0.59-0.67; TI 83-92 (11 measured).

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE) 1e7

Gyne- IL 4.9;3HL1:02; HW 0.87;.CI 85; SL 0.79; SI

SIGPCIO2YARIABS5PSIAS/=ScWi0:75; MnL.1.11: Pel

SS4 2PP[IS027-Re5T027/»PPH°029%PeW 0.21: PPW

0.28; PI1 50; PI2 62; MTL 0.74; TI 85 (1 measured).

Material examined

ALGERIA. Bòne (Normand), Col de Talmetz,

11.x.1928 (Normand).

TUNISIA. Ain-Draham (Normand) [Lectotype];

Camp de la Santé (Normand); Camp de Bugeaud (Nor-

mand); forèét de Ghardimaou, Feidja El Feidja (and Feidja

Ain Soltane), 13.1V.1989 (Meregalli)

Comment. S. africanum worker shares most featu-

res with S. sardoum and S. westwoodii; but it has longer

scapes (compare SI in Table 1), almost reaching the oc-

cipital border when laid back.

Cagniant (1971) described the male of S. africanum.

His diagnosis, drawings and description look comparable

to those of S. siculum, which has more sculptured propo-

deal dorsum and standing hairs on scapes. The propodeum

is smoother in North African specimens from Algeria and

Morocco (Cagniant l.c. and pers. comm.): «propodeum:

sur les cotés quelques rides longitudinales et sinueuses

se détachant mal de la forte réticulation de base; sur le

dessus: réticulé sans rides, la réticulation devenant su-

perficielles et méme disparaissant presque dans la zone

médiane; face postérieure: luisante, avec 2 ébauches de

rides transverses». Unfortunately, I could not see Ca-

gniant’s males and associated females. Because knowled-

ge of North African Stenamma is still incomplete, I re-

main unsure about the identity of his specimens.

Stenamma msilanum Forel

Stenamma westwoodi var. msilanum Forel, 1901: 347.

Holotype gyne, ALGERIA: Forét de Msila (MHNG)

[examined].

Stenamma msilanum Forel. DuBois, 1998: 254. [Rai-

sed to species].

Holotype (Gyne). TL 4.7; HL 0.94; HW 0.81; CI 86;

SI#0#/2-#SI—Es9:=PCIE3ITSATR1323PSI1:93:ScW10.64;

MnL 0.93; PeL 0.45; PPL 0.28; PeH 0.27; PPH 0.28; PeW

039 4PP\X4023#PIE623P125 68M ISO T7=tI38"

Comment. S. msilanum gyne looks quite ordinary and

mostly recalls S. debile, especially in its dark colour and

waist shape; but it has significantly longer appendages

than debile (compare SL, SI, MTL and TI in Table 2).

DISCUSSION

In this paper I have attempted to clarify the posi-

tion of some misunderstood taxa and to improve the

characters that define the species, especially for Italian

Stenamma. Comparisons with $S. westwoodii, S. africa-

num and S. msilanum have been added to complete the

picture of the whole species group as it occurs in the

area under consideration. I can confirm that S. debile,

usually considered as a “typical Stenamma” because of

its stouter legs (see DuBois, 1993), is isolated by redu-

ced mandibular dentition in the male, and the relatively

short appendages in the female castes. Other isolated

taxa are S. striatulum, which is the smallest species and

has the finest sculpturation; S. petiolatum, the largest

and most elongate species, and with standing hairs on

the appendages, and S. zanoni, a relatively thickset spe-

cies with appendages’ pilosity as in petiolatum. The re-

maining species, S. sardoum, S. siculum, S. africanum

and S. westwoodii seem more closely related to one

another than to any of the previously mentioned taxa.

They share relatively elongate legs and scapes, most-

ly reticulate-rugose promesonotum, and slightly more

elongate-looking petiole.

As already pointed out by Kutter (1971) and DuBois

(1993), males are important in Stenamma taxonomy be-

cause they can be distinguished more easily than their

conspecific females on the basis of stronger morphologi-

cal features, especially by mandibular development and

propodeal dorsum sculpture.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I am very grateful to Michele Zilioli (MSNM)

for his excellent digital and SEM photographs, and

to Barry Bolton (Isle of Wight, UK), who reviewed

the manuscript giving several good suggestions and

improving the language. I highly appreciated also

the comments of an anonymous referee and of Xa-

vier Espadaler (Universitat Auté6noma de Barcelona,

Spain), who gave their contributions in order to ame-

liorate this paper.

I thank also the following people who provided some

relevant specimens: Janine Casevitz- Weulersse and Claire

Villemant (MNHN), Anne Freitag (MZL), Bernhard Merz

(MHNG), Fabio Penati (MSNG), Suzanne Ryder (BM-

NH), Daniele Birtele and Gianluca Nardi (CNBF). Mo-

reover, Henri Cagniant (Toulouse, France) and Alexander

Radchenko (SIZK) gave some useful pieces of informa-

tion. Finally, I thank Maurizio Pavesi (MSNM) for a first

critical reading of the manuscript.

FABRIZIO RIGATO

Fig. 2 - Stenamma debile. Worker. / Operaia. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

Fig. 3 - Stenamma petiolatum. Worker. / Operaia.

(Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE) 19

Fig. 4 - Stenamma sardoum. Worker. / Operaia. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

Fig. 5 - Stenamma siculum. Holotype gyne. / Regina olotipo (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

FABRIZIO RIGATO

Fig. 6 - Stenamma striatulum. Worker. / Operaia. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

Fig. 7 - Stenamma zanoni. Holotype worker. / Operaia olotipo. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE)

Sem

Fig. 9 - Stenamma orousseti. Holotype worker in profile. / Profilo dell’operaia olotipo. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

Fig. 11 - Stenamma sardoum. Paralectotype worker in profile. / Profilo di un’operaia paralectotipo. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE) 23

SbiHm

Fig. 12 - Stenamma striatulum. Worker in profile. / Profilo dell’operaia. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

Sim

. 13 - Stenamma westwoodii. Worker in profile. / Profilo dell’operaia. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

24 FABRIZIO RIGATO

SEAdm

Fig. 15 - Stenamma africanum. Worker in profile. / Profilo dell’operaia. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE) 25

ZHAAHM

Fig. 17 - Stenamma orousseti. Holotype worker, head in full face view. / Operaia olotipo, capo in visione frontale. (Photo / Foto

Michele Zilioli).

FABRIZIO RIGATO

Fig. 18 - Stenamma petiolatum.

Fig. 19 - Stenamma sardoum. Paralectotype worker, head in full face view. / Operaia paralectotipo, capo in visione frontale. (Photo /

Foto Michele Zilioli).

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE)

. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

Fig. 21 - Stenamma westwoodii. Worker, head in full face view. / Operaia, capo in visione frontale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

FABRIZIO RIGATO

Fig. 22 - Stenamma zanoni. Holotype worker, head in full face view. / Operaia olotipo, capo in visione frontale. (Photo / Foto Michele

Zilioli).

ZAGB HM

Fig. 23 - Stenamma africanum. Worker, head in full face view. / Operaia, capo in visione frontale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE)

& va —

Fig. 24 - Stenamma debile. Worker, waist in profile. / Operaia, peduncolo in visione laterale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

160kM

Fig. 25 - Stenamma petiolatum. Worker, waist in profile. / Operaia, peduncolo in visione laterale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

FABRIZIO RIGATO

Fig. 26 - Stenamma sardoum. Paralectotype worker, waist in profile. / Operaia paralectotipo, peduncolo in visione laterale. (Photo /

Foto Michele Zilioli).

1606HMm

Fig. 27 - Stenamma striatulum. Worker, waist in profile. / Operaia, peduncolo in visione laterale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE) 31

1006km

Fig. 29 - Stenamma zanoni. Holotype worker, waist in profile. / Operaia olotipo, peduncolo in visione laterale. (Photo / Foto Michele

Zilioli).

FABRIZIO RIGATO

Fig. 30 - Stenamma africanum. Worker, waist in profile. / Operaia, peduncolo in visione laterale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

ZGANM #

Fig. 31 - Stenamma debile. Worker, mesosoma in dorsal view. / Operaia, mesosoma in visione dorsale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE)

ZAkMm

Fig. 32 - Stenamma petiolatum. Worker, mesosoma in dorsal view. / Operaia, mesosoma in visione dorsale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

ZABHM

Fig. 33 - Stenamma sardoum. Worker, mesosoma in dorsal view. / Operaia, mesosoma in visione dorsale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

£004.m

Fig. 34 - Stenamma striatulum. Worker, mesosoma in dorsal view. / Operaia, mesosoma in visione dorsale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

FABRIZIO RIGATO

ZAHM

Fig. 35 - Stenamma westwoodii. Worker, mesosoma in dorsal view. / Operaia, mesosoma in visione dorsale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

ZEAAHM

Fig. 37 - Stenamma africanum. Worker, mesosoma in dorsal view. / Operaia, mesosoma in visione dorsale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE)

O ="

vi Pa

Fig. 38 - Stenamma debile. Gyne, mesosoma and waist in profile. / Regina, mesosoma e peduncolo in visione laterale. (Photo / Foto

Michele Zilioli).

Fig. 39 - Stenamma petiolatum. Gyne, mesosoma and waist in profile. / Regina, mesosoma e peduncolo in visione laterale. (Photo /

Foto Michele Zilioli).

FABRIZIO RIGATO

Fig. 40 - Stenamma sardoum. Gyne, mesosoma and waist in profile. / Regina, mesosoma e peduncolo in visione laterale. (Photo / Foto

Michele Zilioli).

Fig. 41 - Stenamma siculum. Holotype gyne, mesosoma and waist in profile. / Regina olotipo, mesosoma e peduncolo in visione lat-

erale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE)

sai VA Me: " NS

Fig. 42 - Stenamma striatulum. Gyne, mesosoma and waist in profile. / Regina, mesosoma e peduncolo in visione laterale. (Photo /

Foto Michele Zilioli).

Fig. 43 - Stenamma westwoodii. Gyne, mesosoma and waist in profile. / Regina, mesosoma e peduncolo in visione laterale. (Photo /

Foto Michele Zilioli).

57)

FABRIZIO RIGATO

Fig. 44 - Stenamma debile. Gyne, head in full face view. / Regina, capo in visione frontale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

Fig. 45 - Stenamma petiolatum. Gyne, head in full face view. / Regina, capo in visione frontale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE)

Fig. 47 - Stenamma siculum. Holotype gyne, head in full face view. / Regina olotipo, capo in visione frontale. (Photo / Foto Michele

Zilioli).

FABRIZIO RIGATO

ù Fai e

Fig. 48 - Stenamma siculum. Holotype gyne, scape in posterior view. / Regina olotipo, scapo in visione posteriore. (Photo / Foto

Michele Zilioli).

Fig. 49 - Stenamma striatulum. Gyne, head in full face view. / Regina, capo in visione frontale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE) 41

Fig. 50 - Stenamma westwoodii. Gyne, head in full face view. / Regina, capo in visione frontale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

Z664HM

Fig. 51 - Stenamma debile. Gyne, mesosoma in dorsal view. / Regina, mesosoma in visione dorsale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

FABRIZIO RIGATO

Fig. 52 - Stenamma petiolatum. Gyne, mesosoma in dorsal view. / Regina, mesosoma in visione dorsale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zili-

oli).

Fig. 53 - Stenamma sardoum. Gyne, mesosoma in dorsal view. / Regina, mesosoma in visione dorsale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE)

Fig. 54 - Stenamma siculum. Holotype gyne, mesosoma in dorsal view. / Regina olotipo, mesosoma in visione dorsale. (Photo / Foto

Michele Zilioli).

Fig. 55 - Stenamma striatulum. Gyne, mesosoma in dorsal view. / Regina, mesosoma in visione dorsale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zili-

oli).

FABRIZIO RIGATO

ZAAHM

Fig. 56 - Stenamma westwoodii. Gyne, mesosoma in dorsal view. / Regina, mesosoma in visione dorsale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zili-

oli).

Fig. 57 - Stenamma debile. Male in profile. / Maschio in visione laterale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE) 45

DA 9

ini

Mii. cori ii Lai

Fig. 58 - Stenamma siculum. Paratype male in profile. / Maschio paratipo in visione laterale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

Pa GE Hm

Fig. 59 - Stenamma striatulum. Male in profile. / Maschio in visione laterale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

FABRIZIO RIGATO

Fig. 60 - Stenamma westwoodii.

Fig. 61 - Stenamma debile. Male, head in full face view. / Maschio, capo in visione frontale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE)

Fig. 62 - Stenamma zanoni. Paratype male, head in full face view. / Maschio paratipo, capo in visione frontale. (Photo / Foto Michele

Zilioli).

Fig. 63 - Stenamma siculum. Paratype male, head in full face view. / Maschio paratipo, capo in visione frontale. (Photo / Foto Michele

Zilioli).

FABRIZIO RIGATO

Fig. 64 - Stenamma striatulum. Male, head in full face view. / Maschio, capo in visione frontale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

Fig. 65 - Stenamma westwoodii. Male, head in full face view. / Maschio, capo in visione frontale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE) 49

ZOGm

Fig. 66 - Stenamma debile. Male, mesosoma in dorsal view. / Maschio, mesosoma in visione dorsale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

Fig. 67 - Stenamma zanoni. Paratype male, mesosoma in dorsal view. / Maschio paratipo, mesosoma in visione dorsale. (Photo / Foto

Michele Zilioli).

FABRIZIO RIGATO

Fig. 68 - Stenamma siculum. Paratype male, mesosoma in dorsal view. / Maschio paratipo, mesosoma in visione dorsale. (Photo / Foto

Michele Zilioli).

£ Arm

Fig. 69 - Stenamma striatulum. Male, mesosoma in dorsal view. / Maschio, mesosoma in visione dorsale. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE) Sil

| \ N

EEE

Fig. 71 - Stenamma debile. Worker, metatibia in posterior view. / Operaia, metatibia in visione posteriore. (Photo / Foto Michele Zilioli).

FABRIZIO RIGATO

Fig. 72 - Stenamma zanoni. Paratype worker, metatibia in posterior view. / Operaia paratipo, metatibia in visione posteriore. (Photo /

Foto Michele Zilioli).

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE) 53

REFERENCES

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Begdon J., 1932 — Wymiary i wskazniki nyektérich zna-

mion mrowki Stenamma Westw. westwoodi Arn. (We-

stw?) polonicum nov. subsp., znalezione] na Pomorzu.

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do Fizjograffi Kraju, 65 (1931): 113-119.

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stwood redefined, with a description of a new genus

Propodilobus. Zootaxa, 2221: 41-57.

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scorum Nylander und Leptothorax (M.) gredleri Mayr

zwei gute Arten. /nsectes Sociaux, 13: 165-172.

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442.

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Iberian Formicidae. EOS, 44: 53-101.

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gischen Gesellschaft, 61: 361-364.

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of Stenamma westwoodii, S. debile, and S. lippulum.

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ho Viddilu, 4: 65-69.

Kutter H., 1971 — Taxonomische Studien an Schweizer

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logischen Gesellschaft, 43: 258-271.

Martinez M.D. & Acosta F.J., 1985 — Stenamma petiola-

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la Asociacion Espafiola de Entomologia, 9: 383.

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Santschi F., 1939 — Notes sur des Camponotus et autres

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Schembri S.P. & Collingwood C.A., 1981- A revision of

the myrmecofauna of the Maltese Islands. Annali del

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Seifert B., 2007 — Die Ameisen Mittel- und Nordeuropas.

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Fabrizio Rigato

Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, Sezione di Entomologia, Corso Venezia 55, 20121 Milano, Italia.

e-mail: fabrizio.rigato@comune.milano.it

Contributions to the taxonomy of West European and North African Stenamma of the westwoodii species-group. (Hymenoptera Formicidae)

Memorie della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano

Volume XXXVII - Fascicolo II

Tab. 1 - Morphometric data of workers. / Dati morfometrici delle operaie.

FABRIZIO RIGATO

APPENDIX 1. Morphometric tables.

debile petiolatum sardoum striatulum westwoodii zanoni africanum

(n=71) (n=3) (n=21) (n= 24) (n=4) (n=8) (n=12)

TL 2.94.3 4.8-5.0 3.3-4.3 2.9-3.4 3.7-4.3 4.2-4.7 3.5A4.1

HL 0.68-0.97 1.03-1.10 0.81-0.91 0.67-0.78 0.83-0.92 0.94-1.02 0.86-0.95 |

HW | 0.59-0.84 0.85-0.91 0.67-0.77 0.57-0.67 0.68-0.78 0.77-0.84 0.69-0.78

CI 82-90 83 82-85 83-89 82-86 80-84 80-84

SL 0.50-0.72 0.93-0.98 0.63-0.70 0.53-0.62 0.63-0.70 0.73-0.82 0.68-0.76

SI 79-91 108-109 89-96 89-97 89-93 95-99 95-100

POI 24-33 31-33 25-34 26-34 18-23 233 DI

PnW 0.40-0.55 0.60-0.67 0.48-0.51 0.38-0.46 0.46-0.52 0.52-0.59 0.47-0.54

AL 033117 1323105 0.95-1.11 0.77-0.97 1.05-1.15 1.21-1.30 1.00-1.13

PSI ZII 1.72-2.00 1.58-1.88 SIA SI: 1.19-1.64 | 1.20-1.70

Pel 0.28-0.40 0.52-0.55 0.37-0.42 0.28-0.35 0.37-0.43 0.42-0.46 0.37-0.43

PRI 0.19-0.27 0.31-0.33 0.23-0.29 0.18-0.21 0.25-0.28 0.23-0.25 0.23-0.26

PeH 0.18-0.24 0725 0.19-0.23 0.18-0.22 0.21-0.25 0.24-0.25 0.20-0.24

ERH 0.18-0.26 0.24-0.25 0.18—0.23 0.18-0.23 0.22-0.25 0.24-0.26 0.20-0.23

PeW 0.14-0.19 0.19-0.20 0.15-0.18 0.14-0.17 0.16-0.20 0.17-0.20 0.14-0.17

PPW 0.19-0.25 | 0247 0.19-0.23 0.19-0.23 0.23-0.26 0.22-0.25 0.20-0.23

PIÙ: 61-74 57-60 62-69 57-67 65-68 51-57 56-65

(BI 46-54 60-64 51-57 46-55 54-55 52-56 51-60

| MTL 0.43-0.65 0.82-0.89 0.56-0.65 0.43-0.52 0.59-0.67 0.68-0.75 0.59-0.67 î:

TI 72-83 96-98 81-89 73-81 83-87 85-90 82-92

Tab. 2 - Morphometric data of gynes. / Dati morfometrici delle regine.

| debile petiolatum sardoum siculum striatulum | westwoodii | africanum | msilanum

(n=15) (n=2) (n=3) (n=12) (n= 10) (n=3) (31)

EL 4.0-4.7 5.4-5.7 4.4-5.0 404 4.5-4.7 4.9 4.7

HL 0.82-0.93 1.08 0.92-1.01 0.94-1.02 | 0.75-0.80 | 0.91-0.95 102 0.94

HW 0.71-0.82 | 0.88-0.93 | 0.79-0.85 | 0.77-0.84 | 0.65-0.71 0.75-0.79 0.87 0.81

CI 84-91 81-86 84-86 82-84 85-90 82-84 85 86

SL 0.60-0.67 | 0.97-1.00 | 0.71-0.76 | 0.77-0.82 | 0.59-0.62 0.70-0.72 0.79 Oi

SI 79-86 108-110 89-90 97-100 86-91 | 91-93 91 895 i

PCI 26-35 35-36 30-34 29-35 24-32 22-23 32 31

AL 1.21-1.34 | 1.57-1.58 | 1.28-1.40 1.32-1.50 | 1.02-1.11 1.32-1.35 E

DSi 1.60-2.00 | 1.76-2.00 | 1.60-2.10 1:50-1.80. | 16122714 1.61-1.84 1557) 1:73

ScW 0.61-0.68 | 0.76-0.79 | 0.64-0.68 | 0.66-0.74 | 0.52-0.56 | 0.63-0.67 0.75 0.64

MnL 0.87-1.00 | 1.15-1.16 | 0.92-1.01 0.95-1.11 | 0.70-0.79 | 0.94-0.99 1.11 0.93

Pel 0.40-0.46 0.59 0.47-0.50 | 0.49-0.54 | 0.32-0.38 0.46-0.49 0.54 0.45 È

EPIs 0.25-0.30 | 0.35-0.36 | 0.31-0.33 0.30-0.34 | 0.20-0.23 0.28-0.31 0.27 0.28

PeH 0.23-0.27 0.27 0.25 0.24-0.27 | 0.23-0.25 0.25-0.26 0.27 0.27 |

PPH 0-25-0.29 | 0.27 0.24-0.26 | 0.23-0.26 | 0.24-0.25 0.26-0.29 0.29 0.28

PeW 0.19-0.22 | 0.20-0.22 | 0.20-0.21 0.18-0.21 | 0.16-0.20 | 0.20-0.21 0.21 0.19

PPW 0.25-0.30 | 0.28-0.29 | 0.26-0.28 | 0.24-0.28 | 0.23-0.27 | 0.27-0.31 0.28 0.28

PII 54-68 59-61 66-69 59-68 58-66 | 61-64 50 | 62

PI2 52-59 63-67 59 62-66 49-54 60-62 62 SO

MTL 0.59-0.70 0.93 0.66-0.73 | 0.72-0.79 | 0.50-0.57 | 0.67-0.72 0.74 0.71

TI 77-87 100-106 84-88 | 90-96 77-82 85-96 85 88

Tab. 3 - Morphometric data of males. / Dati morfometrici dei maschi.

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TAXONOMY OF WEST EUROPEAN AND NORTH AFRICAN STENAMMA OF THE WESTWOODII SPECIES-GROUP. (HYMENOPTERA FORMICIDAE)

debile siculum striatulum westwoodii zanoni

(n=15) (n=6) (n=3) (n=2) (n=2)

e 3.2-4.0 344.5 3.1-3.4 3.8-4.0 4.3-4.6

HL 0.55-0.67 0.65-0.73 0.55-0.56 0.64-0.73 0.68—0.77

HW 0.46-0.58 0.54-0.62 0.47-0.48 0.58-0.62 0.57-0.65

Ul 83-88 82-85 85-86 85-91 84

SL 0.17-0.27 02920536 0.17-0.20 Y22-025 0.33-0.36

SI 35-55 53-64 36-42 38-40 SIT-I8

AL 1.07-1.40 1.19-1.43 1/05=1C12 127-135 1.38—-1.50

ScW 0.56-0.67 0.58-0.71 0.50-0.54 0.59-0.65 0.65-0.73

MnL 0.72-0.98 D9-0°97 0.74-0.77 0.88—0.97 0.94-1.06

PeL 0.35-0.44 0.44-0.50 0.31-0.34 0.39-0.45 0.47-0.50

PPL 0.19-0.29 0.24-0.27 0219-0.20 0.24-0.28 0.25-0.27

PeH 0.15-0.21 03/2022 0.20-0.21 0.21 0.20-0.25

ERH 0.16-0.23 0.18—0.21 0.19-0.20 022 0.21-0.25

PeW 0.13-0.18 0.16-0.19 0.16-0°17 OMO 0.16-0.20

PPW 0.20-0.27 0.21-0.26 0:2:1-0.23 0.26-0.27 0235-24

PII 50-68 54-59 59-62 62 53-54

PI2 69-82 78-82 66-71 67-73 TI-82

| MTL 0.69-0.89 0.82-0.99 0.60-0.64 0.88-0.91 0.93-1.04

TI 142-163 151-163 128-133 147-152 160-163

FABRIZIO RIGATO

APPENDIKX 2. Locality data of photographed specimens.

Species (sex or caste)

Photo’s number: locality

Stenamma debile (worker)

2: ITALY, PieMonTE, Barge (Cuneo), Giala loc., Comba Linsolero, 700 m,

13.i11.1992 (G.B. Delmastro)

9, 17 (HOLOTYPUS of S. orousseti): FRANCE: Corsica, Cap Corse, between

Santa Lucia and Pino, 275 m, 15.1v.1984 (Orousset)

8, 16, 24, 31: ITALY, SARDEGNA, Domusnovas (Carbonia-Iglesias), Sa Duchessa

env., 320 m, UTM WGS84 32S 0466164 4358209, 12.XI.2006, vaglio, (M.

Bardiani, G. Nardi, M. Zapparoli, D. Whitmore)

71: ITALY, Toscana, Parco Maremma-Uccellina, Alberese (Grosseto), staz. D,

2.v1.1988 (P. Cenzi)

S. debile (gyne)

38, 44, 51: ITALY, PucLIA, Acquaviva delle Fonti (Bari), 16.x.1988 (L. De

Marzo)

S. debile (male)

57, 61, 66: ITALY, Toscana, Colognole (Livorno), 150 m, 17.x-2.x1.2006,

malaise trap (E° Jaccarino & F Bongianni)

S. petiolatum (worker)

3, 10, 18, 25, 32: ITALY, ToscANA, Mt. Argentario (Grosseto) (A. Dodero)

S. petiolatum (gyne)

39, 45, 52: ITALY, LiGuRIA, Genova, x1.1901 (E. Borgioli)

S. sardoum (worker)

4, 33: ITALY, SARDEGNA, Iglesias (Carbonia-Iglesias), loc. Mamenga, 610 m,

1.111.2006, soil sifting (L. Fancello)

11, 19, 26 (PARALECTOTYPUS): ITALY, SARDEGNA: Aritzo (Nuoro), x1i.1911

(D. Dodero)

S. sardoum (gyne)

40, 46, 53: ITALY, SARDEGNA, Marganai Mts. (Carbonia-Iglesias), 700 m, 21.x-

17.x1.2003, malaise trap (Birtele, Cerretti, Minari, Tisato & Whitmore)

S. siculum (gyne)

5, 41, 47, 48, 54 (HOLOTYPUS): ITALY, SiciLia, Corleone (Palermo), fraz.

Ficuzza, 680 m, UTM 3 357272 4194090, 9.x11.2003-24.II1.2004, malaise trap

(D. Birtele, P. Cerretti, M. Tisato)

S. siculum (male,)

58, 63, 68 (PARATYPUS): ITALY, SiciLia, Bosco della Ficuzza (Palermo),

Torretta Torre, 940 m, I-I1.2005, malaise trap (A. Gatto)

S. striatulum (worker)

6, 12, 20, 27, 34: ITALY, PIEMONTE, NE env. Frossasco (Torino), 325 m, 9.x.1991

(G.B. Delmastro & G. Poidomani)

S. striatulum (gyne)

42, 49, 55: ITALY, PIEMONTE, Nebbiuno env. (Novara), 31.vii.1996, (E° Rigato),

nari

adult born in captivity 5/8.viii.1996

S. striatulum (male)

59, 64, 69: ITALY, FriuLi VENEZIA GiutLia, Cervignano del Friuli (Udine),

23.vii1.1986 (M. Seriani)

S. westwoodii (worker, gyne, male)

13, 21, 28, 35, 43, 50, 56, 60, 65, 70: UNITED KINGDOM, OxrForDbsHIRE,

Emmer Green, su 7/8773, 17.1x.1993 nest in flowerbed (D.G. Notton)

S. zanoni (worker)

7, 14, 22, 29, 36 (HOLOTYPUS): ITALY, FriuLi VENEZIA GIULIA, Osoppo

(Udine), 30.1v.2001, excavation nr. fortress (D. Zanon)

72 (PARATYPUS): same data as the holotype

S. zanoni (male)

62, 67: ITALY, LomBarpia, Monza park (Monza-Brianza), 25.ix.1985 (F

Rigato)

S. africanum (worker)

15, 23, 30, 37: TUNISIA, forét de Ghardimaou, Feidja El Feidja (and Feidja Ain

Soltane), 13.IV.1989 (Meregalli)

III - ZANZUCCHI G., 1963 - Le Ammoniti del Lias superiore (To-

arciano) di Entratico in Val Cavallina (Bergamasco orientale).

pp. 99-146, 2 figg., 8 tavv.

Volume XIV

I- VENZO S.,, 1965 - Rilevamento geologico dell’anfiteatro more-

nico frontale del Garda dal Chiese all’ Adige. pp. 1-82, 11 figg.,

4 tavv., 1 carta. —

II - PINNA G,, 1966 - Ammoniti del Lias superiore (Toarciano)

dell'Alpe Turati (Erba, Como). Famiglia Dactylioceratidae. pp.

83-136, 4 tavv.

IN - DIENI I., MASSARI F. e MONTANARI L., 1966 - Il Paleo-

gene dei dintorni di Orosei (Sardegna). pp. /3-184, 5 figg., 8

tavv. è

Volume XV

I- CARETTO P_G,, 1966 - Nuova classificazione di alcuni Brio-

zoi pliocenici, precedentemente determinati quali Idrozoi del

genere Hydractinia Van Beneden. pp. 1-88, 27 figg. 9 tavv.

II - DIENI I. e MASSARI F,, 1966 - Il Neogene e il Quaternario dei

dintorni di Orosei (Sardegna). pp. 89-142, 8 figg., 7 tavv.

INI - BARBIERI F., IACCARINO S., BARBIERI F. & PETRUCCI

F., 1967 - Il Pliocene del Subappennino Piacentino-Parmense-

Reggiano. pp. 143-188, 20 figg., 3 tavv.

Volume XVI

I- CARETTO P.G,, 1967 - Studio morfologico con l’ausilio del

metodo statistico e nuova classificazione dei Gasteropodi plio-

cenici attribuibili al Murex brandaris Linneo. pp. 1-60, 1 fig.,

7 tabb., 10 tavv.

Il - SACCHI VIALLI G. e CANTALUPPI G., 1967 - I nuovi fossi-

li di Gozzano (Prealpi piemontesi). pp. 61-128, 30 figg., 8 tavv.

III - PIGORINI B., 1967 - Aspetti sedimentologici del Mare Adria-

tico. pp. 129-200, 13 figg., 4 tabb. 7 tavv.

Volume XVII

I- PINNAG,, 1968 - Ammoniti del Lias superiore (Toarciano)

dell’Alpe Turati (Erba, Como). Famiglie Lytoceratidae, Nan-

nolytoceratidae, Hammatoceratidae (excl. Phymatoceratinae)

Hildoceratidae (excl. Hildoceratinae e Bouleiceratinae). pp.

1-70, 2 tavv. n.t., 6 figg., 6 tavv.

II - VENZO S. & PELOSIO G., 1968 - Nuova fauna a Ammonoidi

dell’ Anisico superiore di Lenna in Val Brembana (Bergamo).

pp. 71-142, 5 figg., Il tavv.

III - PELOSIO G., 1968 - Ammoniti del Lias superiore (Toarciano)

dell’ Alpe Turati (Erba, Como). Generi Hi/doceras, Phymatoce-

ras, Paroniceras e Frechiella. Conclusioni generali. pp. 143-

204, 2 figg., 6 tavv.

Volume XVII

I- PINNAG,, 1969 - Revisione delle ammoniti figurate da Giu-

seppe Meneghini nelle Tavv. 1-22 della «Monographie des fos-

siles du calcaire rouge ammonitique» (1867-1881). pp. 5-22, 2

igg., 6 tavv.

Il - MONTANARI L., 1969 - Aspetti geologici del Lias di Gozzano

(Lago d’Orta). pp. 23-92, 42 figg., 4 tavv. n.t.

III - PETRUCCI F., BORTOLAMI G. C. & DAL PIAZ G. V., 1970

- Ricerche sull’anfiteatro morenico di Rivoli-Avigliana (Prov.

Torino) e sul suo substrato cristallino. pp. 93-169, con carta a

colori al 1:40.000, 14 figg., 4 tavv. a colori e 2 b.n.

Volume XIX

I- CANTALUPPI G., 1970 - Le Hi/doceratidae del Lias medio

delle regioni mediterranee - Loro successione e modificazio-

ni nel tempo. Riflessi biostratigrafici e sistematici. pp. 5-46, 2

tabb. n.t.

II - PINNA G. & LEVI-SETTI F., 1971 - I Dactylioceratidae della

Provincia Mediterranea (Cephalopoda Ammonoidea). pp. 47-

136, 21 figg., 12 tavv.

III - PELOSIO G., 1973 - Le ammoniti del Trias medio di Askle-

pieion (Argolide, Grecia) - I. Fauna del «calcare a Ptychites»

(Anisico sup.). pp. 137-168, 3 figg., 9 tavv.

Volume XX

I- CORNAGGIA CASTIGLIONI O., 1971 - La cultura di Reme-

dello. Problematica ed ergologia di una facies dell’Eneolitico

Padano. pp. 5-80, 2 figg., 20 tavv.

Il - PETRUCCI F.,, 1972 - Il bacino del Torrente Cinghio (Prov.

Parma). Studio sulla stabilità dei versanti e conservazione del

suolo. pp. 81-127, 37 figg., 6 carte tematiche.

III - CERETTI E. & POLUZZI A., 1973 - Briozoi della biocalca-

renite del Fosso di S. Spirito (Chieti, Abruzzi). pp. 129-169, 18

figg., 2 tavv.

Volume XXI

I- PINNAG,, 1974-1 crostacei della fauna triassica di Cene in Val

Seriana (Bergamo). pp. 5-34, 16 figg., 16 tavv.

II - POLUZZI A., 1975 - I Briozoi Cheilostomi del Pliocene della

Val d’Arda (Piacenza, Italia). pp. 35-78, 6 figg., 5 tavv.

III - BRAMBILLA G,, 1976 - I Molluschi pliocenici di Villalvernia

(Alessandria). I. Lamellibranchi. pp. 79-128, 4 figg., 10 tavv.

Volume XXII

I - CORNAGGIA CASTIGLIONI O. & CALEGARI G., 1978 -

Corpus delle pintaderas preistoriche italiane. Problematica,

schede, iconografia. pp. 5-30, 6 figg., 13 tavv.

II - PINNA G,, 1979 - Osteologia dello scheletro di Kritosaurus

notabilis (Lambe, 1914) del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale

di Milano (Ornithischia Hadrosauridae). pp. 31-56, 3 figg., 9

tavv.

III - BIANCOTTI A., 1981 - Geomorfologia dell’ Alta Langa (Pie-

monte meridionale). pp. 57-104, 28 figg., 12 tabb., 1 carta f.t.

Volume XXIII

I-. GIACOBINI G., CALEGARI G. & PINNA G., 1982 - I resti

umani fossili della zona di Arena Po (Pavia). Descrizione e pro-

blematica di una serie di reperti di probabile età paleolitica. pp.

5-44, 4 figg., 16 tavv.

II - POLUZZI A., 1982 - I Radiolari quaternari di un ambiente idro-

termale del Mar Tirreno. pp. 45-72, 3 figg., 1 tab., 13 tavv.

IIl - ROSSI F., 1984 - Ammoniti del Kimmeridgiano superiore-

Berriasiano inferiore del Passo del Furlo (Appennino Umbro-

Marchigiano). pp. 73-138, 9 figg., 2 tabb., 8 tavv.

Volume XXIV

I- PINNAG,, 1984 - Osteologia di Drepanosaurus unguicauda-

tus, lepidosauro triassico del sottordine Lacertilia. pp. 5-28, 12

figg., 2 tavv.

II - NOSOTTI S. e PINNA G., 1989 - Storia delle ricerche e degli

studi sui rettili Placodonti. Parte prima 1830-1902. pp. 29-86,

24 figg., 12 tavv.

Volume XXV

I- CALEGARIG,, 1989 - Le incisioni rupestri di Taouardei

(Gao, Mali). Problematica generale e repertorio iconografico.

pp. 1-14, 9 figg., 24 tavv.

Il - PINNA G. & NOSOTTI S., 1989 - Anatomia, morfologia fun-

zionale e paleoecologia del rettile placodonte Psephoderma al-

pinum Meyer, 1858. pp. 15-50, 20 figg., 9 tavv.

INI - CALDARA R., 1990 - Revisione Tassonomica delle specie

paleartiche del genere 7ychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculioni-

dae). pp..51-218, 575 figg.

Volume XXVI

I- PINNAG,, 1992 - Cvamodus hildegardis Peyer, 1931 (Reptilia,

Placodontia). pp. 1-21, 23 figg.

II - CALEGARI G. a cura di, 1993 - L'arte e l’ambiente del Sahara

preistorico: dati e interpretazioni. pp. 25-556, 647 figg.

INI - ANDRI E. e ROSSI F., 1993 - Genesi ed evoluzione di fran-

genti, cinture, barriere ed atolli. Dalle stromatoliti alle comunità

di scogliera moderne. pp. 559-610, 49 figg., 1 tav.

Volume XXVII

I - PINNA G. and GHISELIN M. edited by, 1996 - Biology as

History. N. 1. Systematic Biology as an Historical Science. pp.

1-133, 68 figs.

II - LEONARDI C. e SASSI D. a cura di, 1997 - Studi geobotanici

ed entomofaunistici nel Parco Regionale del Monte Barro. pp.

135-266, 122 figg., 23 tabb.

Volume XXVIII

I- BANFI E. & GALASSO G., 1998 - La flora spontanea della cit-

tà di Milano alle soglie del terzo millennio e i suoi cambiamenti

a partire dal 1700. pp. 267-388, 71 figg., 30 tabb.

Volume XXIX

I- CALEGARI G,, 1999 - L’arte rupestre dell’Eritrea. Repertorio

ragionato ed esegesi iconografica. pp. 1-174, 268 figg.

Volume XXX

I - PEZZOTTA F. edited by, 2000 - Mineralogy and petrology of

shallow depth pegmatites. Paper from the First International

Workshop. pp. 1-117, 30 figs., 19 tabs.

II - PARISI B., FRANCHINO A. & BERTI A. con la collaborazio-

ne di POTENZA B. & RUBINI D., 2000 - La Società Italiana

di Scienze Naturali 1855 - 2000. Percorsi storici. pp. ‘1-/63,

199 figg.

III - DE ANGELI A. & GARASSINO A., 2002 - Galatheid, chi-

rostylid and porcellanid decapods (Crustacea, Decapoda, Ano-

mura) from the Eocene and Oligocene of Vicenza (N Italy). pp.

1-31, 21 figs., 9 pls.

Volume XXXI

I- NOSOTTI S. & RIEPPELO., 2002 - The braincase of Placodus

Agassiz, 1833 (Reptilia, Placodontia). pp. 1-18, 15 figs.

Il - MARTORELLI G., 2002 - Monografia illustrata degli uccelli

di rapina in Italia. (1895). Riedizione a cura di Fausto Barbagli.

pp. [XX] 1-216, [14] 46 figg., 4 tavv.

III - NOSOTTI S. & RIEPPEL O., 2003 - Eusaurosphargis dal-

sassoi n. gen. n. sp., a new, unusual diapsid reptile from the

Middle Triassic of Besano (Lombardy, N Italy). pp. /-33, 19

figs., 1 tab., 3 pls.

Volume XXXII

I- ALESSANDRELLO A., BRACCHI G. & RIOU B., 2004 - Po-

lychaete, sipunculan and enteropneust worms from the Lower

Callovian (Middle Jurassic) of La Voulte-sur-Rhòne (Ardèche,

France). pp. 1-16, 9 figs., 1 pl.

Il - RIEPPELO. & HEAD J. J., 2004 - New specimens of the fossil

snake genus Eupodophis Rage & Escuillié, from Cenomanian

(Late Cretaceous) of Lebanon. pp. 1-26, 13 figs., 1 tab.

III - BRACCHI G. & ALESSANDRELLO A., 2005 - Paleodiver-

sity of the free-living polychaetes (Annelida, Polychaeta) and

description of new taxa from the Upper Cretaceous Lagerstàt-

ten of Haqel, Hadjula and Al-Namoura (Lebanon). pp. 1-48, 8

figs., 1 tab., 16 pls.

Volume XXXIII

{- BOESI A. & CARDI EF. edited by, 2005 - Wildlife and plants in

traditional and modern Tibet: conception, exploration and con-

servation. pp. 1-88, 30 figs., 9 tabs.

II - BANFI E., BRACCHI G., GALASSO . & ROMANI E,, 2005

- Agrostologia Placentina. pp. 1-80, 7 figs., 1 tab.

III - LIVI P. a cura di 2005 - I fondi speciali della Biblioteca del

Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano. La raccolta di stam-

pe antiche del Centro Studi Archeologia Africana. pp. /-250,

389 figs.

Le Memorie sono disponibili presso la Segreteria della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali,

Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Corso Venezia 55 - 20121 Milano

Pubblicazione disponibile al cambio

Volume XXXIV su

I - GARASSINO A. & SCHWEIGERT G., 2006 - The Uj

Jurassic Solnhofen decapod crustacean fauna: review of th

types from old descriptions. Part I. Infraorders Astacidea, Tha-

lassinidea and Palinura. pp. 1-64, 12 figs., 20 pls. Mu.

Il - FUCHS D., 2006 - Morphology, taxonomy and diversity of

vampyropod Coleoids (Cephalopoda) from the Upper Cret:

ceous of Lebanon. pp. /-28, 9 figs., 9 pls. -

III - CALDWELL M. W., 2006 - A new species of Pontosaurus

(Squamata, Pythonomorpha) from the Upper Cretaceous

banon and a phylogenetic analysis of Pythonomorpha. pp. 1-42,

18 figs., 1 pl. Ha

bea

Volume XXXV <a

I- DE ANGELI A. & GARASSINO A., 2006 - Catalog and bib

liography of the fossil Stomatopoda and Decapoda from Italy.

pp. 1-95. er

II - GARASSINO A., FELDMANN RM. & TER 6.

edited by, 2007 - 3" Symposium on Mesozoic and Ce

nozoic Decapod Crustaceans. Museo di Storia Natur:

le di Milano May 23-25, 2007. pp. 1-104, 38 figs., 6

III - NOSOTTI S., 2007 - Tanystropheus longobardicus (Re

Protosaura): re-interpretations of the anatomy based on

specimens from the Middle Triassic of Besano

Italy). pp. 1-88, 67 figs., 4 plIs., 9 tabs.

Volume XXXVI » sc

1- GALASSO G., CHIOZZI G., AZUMA M. & BANFI E.,

di, 2008 - Le specie alloctone in Italia: censimenti, invasi

piani di azione. Milano, 27-28 Novembre 2008. pp. 7 -96.

Il - MAGANUCO S., STEYER J. S., PASINI G., BOULAY Mi,

LORRAIN S., BENETEAU A. & AUDITORE A., 2009 - A

exquisite specimen of Edingerella madagascariensis (Te

spondyli) from the Lower Triassic of NW Madagascar; cr

anatomy, phylogeny, and restorations. pp. 1-72, 32 figs., 1 tab., |

4 appendix. cs

III - GARASSINO A., 2009 - The thoracic sternum and sperma-

theca in the extant genera of the family Homolidae De Haan, —

1839 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura). pp. 1-80, 2 figs., 18

pIs., 1 tab. dI

Volume XXXVII c MADE È

I- DAL SASSO C. & MAGANUCO S., 2011 - Scipionyx samniti- —

cus (Theropoda: Compsognathidae) from tha Lower Cretaceous

of Italy. Osteology, ontogenetic assessment, phylogeny, soft

tissue anatomy, taphonomy and palaeobiology. pp. 1-281, 186

figs., 10 pls., 3 tabs., 7 appendix. i