PREFACE.

As pointed out in the Preface to Section 2, the preparation of

the preceding one, which is now completed, was delayed by

unavoidable difficulties. It comprises two of the most important

orders in the South African flora, the Hricacew and Asclepiadee,

in both of which the specific characters require minute and

therefore often lengthy description. The bulk of this Section

has grown accordingly, and it is actually equivalent to that of

two ordinary volumes.

Dr. Harry Bo.us, who has given such munificent encourage-

ment to Botany in South Africa, kindly undertook the elaboration

of Hricacex, which for many years he had assiduously studied

in the field. Professor Francis GuTuriz, LL.B., B.A., who

had long collaborated with Dr. Bo.us, unhappily died on October

19, 1899. The elaboration of the intricate genus Hrica is the

result of their joint labours. The loss of his fellow-worker and

his own indifferent health compelled Dr. BoLus to abandon

reluctantly proceeding with the remaining genera. These were

undertaken by Mr. N. E. Brown, A.L.S., who, in working them

out, found it necessary to establish some new ones, and in other

respects to depart from. the published key to the order. He

has accordingly prepared a new one which will be found in

the “ Additions and Corrections” at page 1123 of this Section.

Mr. N. E. Brown has also worked out the Asclepiadex with

immense pains. He has had the advantage of following

Dr. R. SCHLECHTER, an acute botanist who has few rivals as

a collector. Both have been disposed perhaps to cut their

species rather fine. But South African botanists in the future

will find less. difficulty in uniting species which cannot be

sustained than in separating those which have been injudiciously

united. Mr. Brown has himself been occupied with the study a a

viii PREFACE.

of the fascinating group of Stapeliew, both under cultivation and

in the herbarium, for the past forty years, and it may be hoped

therefore that his conclusions will have reached some finality.

He has been led to the important result that many supposed

native species have arisen from cross-fertilisaticn in European

gardens. It is, however, a singular circumstance that some of

the species which were the earliest described, and which cannot

be accounted for in this way, have never been met with again

by subsequent collectors. It is to be feared that one of the

most striking features of the South African flora is doomed to

gradual and irremediable extinction.

Mr. W. P. Hrery, F.R.S., who is the acknowledged authority

on the order, has undertaken the Ebenacew. In his monograph

published in 1873 he had already taken up two species of

Royena \eft by the late Professor HARVEY in manuscript.

For some of the smaller orders it has also been possible to

make use of Harvey’s work. It is somewhat remarkable that

two species of Jasminum of which he left descriptions have

remained since 1865 unanticipated in publication by any other

describer.

Dr. Stapr, F.R.S., has elaborated the Apocynacee.

Lieut.-Colonel Pratn, C.LE., F.R.S., the Director of the

Royal Botanic Gardens, has undertaken Loganiacew with Major

H. A. Cummins, C.M.G., and Gentianee with Mr. A. W. sees

the Assistant-Director.

For the limits of the regions under which the localities are

cited in which the species have been found to occur, reference

may be made to the Preface to Vol. VI.

I continue to be indebted for invaluable aid to Mr. GC, H.

Wricut, A.LS., now Assistant Keeper, and to Mr. N. E.

Brown, A.L.S., Assistant in the Herbarium of the Royal

Botanic Gardens, the former in reading the proofs, and the

latter in working out: the geographical distribution.

Besides the maps already cited in the Prefaces to Volumes

VI. and VIL., the following have also been used :-—

Map of the Colony of the Cape of Good Hope and neigh-

bouring territories. Compiled from the best available informa- _

tion. By JouN TEMPLER Horne, Surveyor-General. 1895,

PREFACE. 1x

Stanford’s new map of the Orange Free State and the

southern part of the South African Republic, &c. 1899.

Carte du Thédtre de la Guerre Sud-Africaine. Par le

Colonel Camille Favre. 1902.

To many of the South African correspondents of Kew

enumerated in previously published volumes I have again to

tender my acknowledgments for the contribution of specimens in

aid of the work to the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens.

I must further record my obligations to some new

contributors, and to those whose kind assistance in various

ways has been of the greatest value in the preparation of this

section of Volume LV.

Harry Bouus, Esq., D.Sce., F.L.S., has continued his generous

gifts of specimens, besides lending others from his herbarium

of Asclepiadew and Gentianee, including many types of Dr.

Schlechter's species. |

Dr. Jonn Briqvet, Director of the Botanic Garden, Geneva.

Loan of specimens from the Delessert Herbarium.

Paur Conrats, Esq. Plants from the Transvaal.

Joseph Burrr Davy, F.LS., Government Agrostologist and

Botanist, Transvaal. Plants from the Transvaal.

Dr. CASIMIR DE CANDOLLE, Geneva. Photograph and loan of

specimen from the Candollean herbarium.

@eheimrath Dr. A. ENGLER, Director of the Botanic Garden

and Museum, Berlin. Loan of Gentianee.

Dr. H. O. Just, Director of the Botanic Garden, Upsala.

Loan of portions of Thunberg’s herbarium.

Prof. Pau, Henrt Lecomrs, Jardin des Plantes, Paris.

Photographs of Lamarck’s types of Chironia.

Miss R. LEENDERTZ. Plants from the Transvaal.

Dr. H. W. C. Lenz, Director of the Museum, Lubeck.

Loan of E. Meyer’s types of Asclepiadex and Gentianee.

Dr. C. A. M. Linpman. Loan of specimen of Chironia from

the herbarium of P. J. Bergius, Stockholm.

Dr. Joun P. Lorsy, Director of the Royal Herbarium, Leiden.

Loan of specimens of Gentianex.

Dr. Rupotph Marori, Capetown. Stapeliew, living and

in fluid. : :

og PREFACE.

Miss A. PEGLER. Plants from the Transkei.

Dr. G. ALBert PETER, Director of the Botanic Garden,

Gottingen. Loan of specimens of Gentianex.

N. S. Pittans, Capetown. Large collection of Stapeliex,

living and in fluid, including many new species, and the loan

of his large and valuable herbarium of the group. The

generous aid of this enthusiastic collector and the free use of

his copious notes have been of the greatest value in the difficult

task of working out the species.

_ Humpnrey Joun Sankey, Esq. Plants from the vicinity of

Harrismith, Orange River Colony.

Dr. Hans Scuinz, Director of the Botanic Garden and

Museum, Ziirich. Numerous specimens collected by Dr. R.

Schlechter ; loan of Gentianee.

Dr. SELMAR ScHONLAND, Curator of the Albany Museum,

Grahamstown. Small collection of <Asclepiadew and loan of

Gentianeer.

Prof. ALBERT CHARLES SEWARD, F.R.S. Loan of Gentiance

from the University Museum, Cambridge.

Miss ETHEL West. Plants from Port Elizabeth.

JoHN Mepiey Woop, A.L.S., Director of the Botanic Gar-

dens, Durban. Numerous specimens of Asclepiadex and loan

of Gentianen.

Prof. E. PerckrvaL Wriaut, Sec. R.1.A., Keeper of the

Herbarium, University of Dublin. Loan of portions of

Harvey’s herbarium. .

Dr. ALEXANDER ZAHLBRUCKNER, Keeper of the Botanical

Collections of the Naturhistorische Hofmuseum, Vienna. Loan

of specimens of Asclepiadex and Gentianee.

On this occasion it is appropriate to pay a brief tribute to

the memory cf Sir Henry Barxty, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., F.B.S.,

who died on October 21, 1898. It was at his instance that

during his last period of official life as

Colony (1873-7 ) the preparation of the Flora Capensis was

resumed, and it was due to his support that the approval and

aid of the legislature of Cape Colony and Natal were secured.

‘He was deeply interested in the Stapelicw, of which at the

time the study had been comparatively neglected. Hecollected _

Governor of Cape

PREFACE. xi

and cultivated as many as he could, and also sent a large living

collection to Kew. Lady Barkly and Miss E. B. Barkly made

water-colour drawings of them as they flowered. Of these

copies were sent to Kew, together with specimens in alcohol,

accompanied by copious descriptive notes. An account of

this material was published in Hooker’s Jcones Plantarum,

tt. 1901-25; and coloured figures of four of the species that

flowered at Kew appeared in the Botanical Magazine. The

whole of Sir Henry Barkly’s material was a contribution to

the study and elaboration of the group only second perhaps in

value to that of Mr. Pillans.

I may be permitted more personally to express my indebted-

ness to Lieut.-Colonel Pratn for kind and unfailing assistance

in many ways, without which the task of editing a work of

this kind at a distance from the resources of Kew would be

one of peculiar difficulty.

The critics of niceties of nomenclature, which often seem to

obscure the interest of larger problems, will probably notice

that the Kew tradition has been adhered to, and the supposed

right of priority of the original specific epithet has been

disregarded where an existing name is available which has

correctly placed a species in the genus to which its affinity is

most obvious. The principle was laid down by Sir Joseph

Hooker in 1872 in Zhe Flora of British India. Its

justification is based on technical grounds equally with those

of common sense. It may be convenient to briefly state

them :— -

i. The so-called binominal nomenclature which we employ

was devised by Linneus, and, as with everything he did, on

a logical and definite basis. Nothing but confusion can arise

by departure from this. To the specific epithet, apart from its

proper function, Linnzus attached no importance at all. He

saw that the scientific problem was to get the species into its

right genus. ‘Nomen specificum sine generico est quasi

pistillum sine campana.” The specific name taken alone is

the clapper without the bell. A Linnean name, then, though

it consists of two parts, must be treated asa whole. “ Nomen

omne plantarum constabit nomine generico et specifico.” And — “ 2

xii PREFACE.

the same principle obviously applies to all names constructed

in accordance with Linnean rules. The supposed appeal to

justice begins by repudiating the authority of the lawgiver.

Alphonse de Candolle appreciated the true position when he

said: “ The real merit of Linnzeus has been to combine, for all

plants, the generic name with the specific epithet.”

ii. But the claim for justice works the greatest injustice,

and it is not even tempered with mercy. Any careless or

incompetent botanist can tack on a blundering name to an

undescribed plant, and his blunder with his name attached is

to be handed down to posterity for all time. As Linneus saw,

the real scientific feat is to discover its true affinity, not to give

it a haphazard label. And the author who does this success-

fully is the one whose insight deserves commemoration. It is

impossible not to agree with Sir Joseph Hooker when he says:

“T regard the naturalist who puts a described plant into its

proper position in regard to its allies as rendering a greater @

service to science than its describer when he either puts it

into a wrong place or throws it into any of those chaotic

heaps, miscalled genera, with which systematic works. still

abound.”

ili. Every revision of the contents of an order involves a

reconsideration of the mutual affinities of its contents, and this

usually involves some transposition of species from one genus

to another, or the creation of new genera. It may be hoped

that the process is generally judiciously accomplished. But

in any case it yields a crop of synonyms. This is inevitable,

and these in a work like the present have to be examined and

quoted. The labour involved will be evident from many of its

pages. There is said to be a species of Fimbristylis with 135.

synonyms. ‘Taxonomic science must in the end be crushed by

its own literary top-hamper. The only remedy eventually will

be to draw a line behind which synonymy will be ignored. ~—

But we need not add to the burden by the creation of a new -

specific name when one which is valid and available already :

exists in the genus. The appeal to justice lays itself open in

such cases to the suspicion of being little more than a cloak

for the vanity of the author,

PREFACE. xili

I have equally resisted the wholesale manufacture of new

specific names by the revival of obsolete or forgotten genera

without any obvious necessity. Nomenclature is a mere

means to an end; it is ignominious to become its slave, and

we alienate the sympathy of the public, which we wish to

secure, by changes of familiar names which, to its eyes, must

seem simply wanton.

The expenses of preparation and publication of the present

section of Volume IV. have been aided by grants from the

Governments of Cape Colony and Natal. The Government of

the Transvaal has not hitherto been associated with the work.

It is a gratifying evidence of the appreciation of its usefulness

in South Africa that that Government: has now spontaneously

also made a grant in aid of its publication.

WT. E-D.

Witcomse, 1909.

SEQUENCE OF ORDERS CONTAINED IN

VOL. IV. SECT. 1, WITH BRIEF CHARACTERS.

Sub-class IIf. Gamoreranm. Ord. LXXVII.—XC.

Series IJ. Hertreromerm. Ord. LXXVIII.—LXXXIV. Ovary usually

; superior. Carpels more than two.

Conortiv. Ericaues. lowers regular, hermaphrodite. Stamens twice

as many as the corolla-lobes, or equal in number to and alternate

with them. Ovary 2-20-celled. Seeds small or minute.

LXXVIII. VACCINIACEA (page 1). Ovary inferior. Fruit fleshy.

(Shrubs, undershrubs or sma:l trees. Leaves alternate, exstipulate.

Flowers racemose or fascicled, rarely solitary.)

LXXIX. ERICACEAE! (page 2). Ovary superior. Fruit capsular,

rarely fleshy. (Shrubs, wndershrubs or trees, often evergreen, Leaves

alternate, opposite or verticillate, exstipulute. Inflorescence various.)

Conort v. PrimvunaLes, Flowers hermaphrodite, or by abortion poly-

gamous, Stamens as many as, and opposite to the corolla-lobes. Uvary

polycarpellary, 1-celled; placenta 1, basal.

LXXX. PLUMBAGINEZ (page418). Ovary 1-ovuled; styles or style-

branches 5. Endosperm floury. (Herbs, usually stemless, rarely shrubs.

Leaves rosulate or alternate. Inflorescence spicute, racemose, cymose or

panicu/ate.)

LXXXI. PRIMULACEZ (page 426). Overy 2-co-ovuled; style

simple. Fruit capsular. Hndosperm fleshy or horny. (Herbs.

Leaves radical, opposite or alternate. Flowers solitary and axillary, or

in umbels, racemes or panicles. )

LXXXII. MYRSINEZ (page 431). Ovary 2-2»-ovuled ; style simple.

Fruit indehiscent. Lndosperm fleshy or horny. (Shrubs or trees.

Leaves usually alternate. Inflorescence various ; flowers usually small.)

Conort vi. Exsrenaues. J /owers regular, hermaphrodite or unisexual.

Stumens as many as the corolla-lobes and opposite to them, or

numerous. Ovary 2-00 -celled.

LXXIII. SAPOTACEZ (page 436). Flowers hermaphrodite. Stamens

epipetalous. Ovules solitary, ascending. (Trees or shrvbs with milky

sap. Leaves alternate, entire, extipulate. Flowers axillary.)

LXXXIV. EBENACEZ (page 444). lowers dicecious. rarely herma-

phrodite. Stamens hypogynous or on the very base of the corolla-

tube. Ovules geminate or solitary, pendulous. (7/7rees or shrubs;

heartwood hard; sap not milky. Leaves alternate, entire, usually

coriaceous. Flowers cymose, racemose or solitary.) eee

Xvi SEQUENCE OF ORDERS.

Series III. BroarpELLat#. Ord. LXXXV.—XC. Ovary usually superior.

Carpels 2, rarely 1 or 3.

Conort vii. GENTIANALES. Corolla regular. Stamens as many as the

coroila-lobes and alternate with them, or if fewer alternate with the

carpels. eaves usually opposite.

LXXXV. OLEACEZ! (page478). Curolla-lobes 4 tomany. Stamens 2.

Ovary 2-celled; style simple; stigma terminal; ovules usually 2 in

each cell. (Trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite, exstipulate, simple or

compound. dnflorescence cymose, paniculate or fascicled.)

LXXXVI. SALVADORACEZ (page 488). Corolla-lobes 4. Stamens 4.

Ovary 1-2-celled; ovules 1-2 in each cell. (Zrees or shrubs,

sometimes spiny. Leaves opposite, entire; stipules rudimentary.

Panicles trichotomous, axillary.)

LXXXVII. APOCYNACEAE (page 490). Corol/a-lobes 5. Stamens 5;

polleu-grains free, rarely cohering. Carpels usually 2, free or united

below; style entire or divided at the base; ovules few or many.

(Trees, erect or climbing shrubs, very rarely herbs. Leaves opposite or

revi entire, stipulate or not. Flowers cymose, small, or larye and

owy.)

LXXXVIII. ASCLEPIADEZ (page 518). Corolla-lobes 5. Stamens 5;

pollen-grains usually united into waxy masses, Carpels usually 2,

free blow; styles united and dilated above; ovules usually many.

(Herbs or shrubs, erect, prostrate or twininy; sap milky or watery.

Leaves «pposite or whorled, sometimes absent, exstipulate. Flowers

usually few cymosely arranged.)

LXXXIX. LOGANIACEZ (page 1036). Corolla-lobes 5-16. Stamens

5-16. Carpels 2, united; style simple; ovules many. (Shrubs or

trees. Leaves opposite, rare'y whorled or Fascicled ; stipules usually

reduced to an interpetiolar line. Flowers cymose, rarely racemose.) a

XC. GENTIANEA (page 1056). Corolla-lobes 4-6. Stamens 4-6.

Carpels 2, united ; style simple; ovary 1-2-celled; ovules numerous.

(Annual or perennial glabrous herbs, rarely shrubs, Leaves opposite,

rarely alternate. Flowers cymose, paniculute, fasciculate or solitary

terminal or axillary.) :

p. 479, line 10, after salver-shaped add: lobes 5-12, contorted.

sy, after line 15 insert:—IV. Olea.—Trees or shrubs

Corolla deeply 4-lobed ; lobes induplicate-valvate. Fruit

a drupe.

FLORA CAPENSIS.

| Orper LXXVIII. VACCINIACEZ.

| (By N. E. Brown.)

Flowers hermaphrodite, regular. Calyzx-tube adnate to the ovary;

limb 5-lobed or 5-toothed, persistent or deciduous. Corolla gamo-

petalous, tubular, campanulate, globose or urceolate, 4—7- (usually 5-)

| lobed or toothed, deciduous ; lobes imbricate or valvate. Stamens

4-14, usually twice as many as the corolla-lobes, epigynous or in-

j serted at the base of the corolla; filaments free or connate ; anthers

dorsifixed, 2-celled; cells usually produced into tubes at the apex,

opening by terminal pores or elongated slits. Ovary inferior, 2-10-

eelled, often crowned with an epigynous disk; style slender or fili-

form; stigma simple, subcapitate or minutely 4~5-lobed; ovules

usually numerous, rarely 2 to few in each eell, axile on tumid or

bilobed placentas, anatropous. Fruit a many- (rarely few-) seeded

berry, Seeds smal] or minute, usually compressed, testa coriaceous ;

albumen fleshy ; embryo minute, axile.

Shrubs, undershrubs, or small trees, sometimes epiphytic. Leaves alternate ;

stipules 0. Inflorescence various, usually bracteate.

Distr1B. Genera about 32; species about 350, chiefly natives of the Tropics

on mountains, with a few in the temperate regions; only 3 or 4 occur in Africa.

I. VACCINIUM, Linn.

Calyx superior, 4—-5-lobed. Corolla urceolate, campanulate or

subtubular, 4—5-lobed or -toothed. Stamens 8-10, free; anthers

produced into 2 tubes opening by pores or slits at the apex, some-

times spurred on the back. Ovary inferior, turbinate, hemispherical

or globose, 4—5-celled or falsely 8-10-celled by spurious partitions

from the placenta; style slender; stigma simple or subcapitate >

ovules numerous or few in each cell. Fruit a berry. ne

Shrubs or undershrubs, rarely trees; leaves evergreen or deciduous, entire or

serrulate ; flowers in fascicles or racemes, rarely solitary, bracteate. ables

Species over 100, chiefly natives of the North Temperate zone and mountains

of the Tropics, 3—4 in Africa. ! ae

4. V. Exul (Bolus in Hook. Ie. Pl. t. 1941); a shrub 2-5 ft.

high; branchlets terete, becoming angular-striate when dried, pube-

pubescent ; blade 3-12 in. long, 3~$ in.

ee broad, ovate-lanceolate or

VOL. IV—SECT. EO oe OB

scent, leafy ; leaves rather rigidly coriaceous ; petiole 1-1} lin. longyi.

2 VACCINIACES (Brown). [ Vaccinium.

lanceolate, acute or shortly acuminate, slightly thickened and recurved

along the serrulate margins, more or less pubescent on the basal part

of the midrib, otherwise glabrous on both sides, reticulately veined,

with the veins more conspicuous beneath; racemes axillary, }—} in,

long, 5-8-flowered; rhachis angular, glabrous; flowers nodding;

bracts 1-2 lin. long, 4-1 lin. broad, lanceolate to elliptic-ovate, acute,

boat-shaped, minutely ciliate; pedicels 2-3 lin. long, jointed under

the ovary, glabrous ; calyx glabrous ; ovary-part 4 lin. long, broadly

obconical ; lobes 3 lin. long, 2—1 lin. broad, deltoid-ovate, acuminate,

erect; corolla urceolate, 4—5-lobed, glabrous, white ; tube 2 lin.

long, 14-14 lin. in diam.; lobes % lin. long, } lin. broad, ovate-

oblong, obtuse, recurved; stamens 8-10, epigynous, about { lin.

longer than the corolla-tube ; filaments 1} lin. long, flattened, hairy ;

anthers 12 lin. long, minutely scabrous, produced into 2 tubes open-

ing by oblique pores at the apex; ovary 4~5-celled ; style filiform,

2 lin. long; stigma simple; fruit not seen.

Katanart ReGion: Transvaal; amongst rocks on the summit of the Devils

Kantoor, near Barberton, 5500-5600 ft., Galpin, 659! Bolus, 7616!

V. africanum (Britt. in Trans, Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. iv. 23, t. 4, fig. 3-5)

from Nyasaland, is a very close ally of this, differing in its glabrous stems,

longer pointed leaves (which are much more conspicuously reticulate with more

prominent veins on both sides) and longer racemes.

Orper LXXIX. ERICACEZ.

(By H. Bouvs, Ff, Guturiz, and N. B. Brown.)

Flowers hermaphrodite, regular. Calyx free, 4-5-toothed, -lobed

or -partite; teeth, lobes or segments equal or unequal, imbricate,

valvate or open in bud, persistent. Corolla hypogynous or in —

Lagenoearpus arising from the middle of the ovary, gamopetalous —

and 2-5- (rarely 6-10-) lobed or of 3-7 free petals, very variable in

form, imbricate, contorted or rarely valvate in bud, persistent or

deciduous. Stamens 3-10, rarely 12 or more, hypogynous except in

Lagenocarpus, sometimes adnate to the base of the corolla ; filaments

free or rarely connate; anthers 2-celled, basifixed or dorsifixed, free _

or connate ; cells often free down to the middle or beyond, with or

without a crest, spur or arista at the base or on the back at or towards _

the apex, sometimes produced at the apex into tubes, opening by

pores or longitudinal slits. Disk none or annular or tumid, crenate

or lobed. Ovary superior or in Lagenocarpus half-inferior to the

corolla, 1-12-celled; style filiform or cylindrie; stigma simple,

capitate or peltate, entire, lobed or dentate. Ovules 1 to many in

each cell, axile, pendulous or rarely erect, anatropous. Fruit a

loculicidal or septicidal capsule, rarely baccate or drupaceous, 1- to

many-seeded. Seeds usually minute, angled or compressed ; testa

sometimes Jax and produced at the ends; albumen fleshy, embryo

minute, axile.

ues

ERICACEx (Bolus, Guthrie & Brown). 3

Shrubs, undershrubs or trees, often evergreen; leaves alternate, opposite or

verticillate; stipules 0; inflorescence various ; pedicels often bracteate.

DistRIB. Genera about 56; species about 1200, distributed in all parts of the

world.

* Corolla and stamens hypogynous; ovary superior.

t+ Ovary 2-4- (rarely 8-) celled.

~ Ovules 2 or more in each cell.

§ Stamens normally 8, rarely 6-7.

I. Erica.—Bracts 3 (very rarely 1 or 0). Calys# equally 4-partite (rarely

4-lobed), very rarely longer than the variously shaped 4-lobed or -toothed

corolla. Ovary 4- (rarely 8-) celled,

II. Philippia.—Bracts 0. Caly# unequally 4-lobed or -partite. Corolla very

small, 4-lobed or -toothed. Ovary 4-celled.

§§ Stamens normally 4, occasionally 5-6.

III. Ericinella.—Bracts 0. Calyx unequally 3-4-partite or -lobed. Corolla

very small, 3—4-lobed or -toothed. Ovary 3-4-celled.

IV. Bleria.—Bracts 3. Calyw equally 4-lobed or -partite. Corolla small,

tubular or tubular-campanulate, 4-lobed, often 4-angled. Ovary 4-celled,

tt Ovule solitary in each cell,

§ Stamens 6-8.

VII. Eremia.—Bracts 3. Calyx equally 4-partite ; segments broad, ciliate or

hairy, but not woolly. Corvila urceolate-campanulate or campanulate, 14-2

times as long as broad. Stamens 8; anthers included or not exceeding the

corolla-lobes. Ovary 2-4-celled. Leaves spreading, not woolly.

VIII. Hexastemon.—Bracts 3. Calyx equally and deeply 4-lobed; lobes

rather narrow, white-woolly. Corolla narrowly ovoid-tubular, 3 times as

long as broad. Stamens 6; anthers much exserted. Ovary 2-celled. Leaves

densely imbricate, white-woolly.

XVII. Salaxis.—Bracts 0. Caly# unequally or subequally 4-toothed, -lobed or

«partite. Corolla minute, obconic or subglobose. Anthers included or partly

exserted. Stigma large, crater-like or peltate.

gg Stamens 3-4, oF

|| Corolla 4- (very rarely 3-) toothed or lobed.

{{ Bracts 0. Calyx unequally 4-partite, glabrous; tube 0.

V. Coilostigma.—Corolla small, ovoid, oblong-ovoid or tubular-oblong, often

contracted at the apex. Ovary 2-celled.

{{ Bracts 3 (2 of them extremely minute in one species of Thoracosperma).

Calyx equally and deeply 4-lobed or 4-partite; tabe short or 0, not

thick nor fleshy nor sharply 4-angled.

(a) Corolla more or less constricted below the limb or at the middle or

inflated at the base. Anthers included or not exceeding the corolla-

lobes.

IX. Grisebachia.—Calyx-segments broad (not linear), hairy or ciliate. Corolla

campanulate or globose-campanulate above the constriction. Ovary 2-

celled,

(b) Corolla not constricted at any part, sometimes narrowed below.

Anthers entirely or partially exserted beyond the corolla-lobes (except

in one species of Thoracosperma). sa

VI. Thoracosperma.—Calyz minute, inconspicuous, glabrous or ciliate or puberu-

lous with very minute hairs, Corolla ovoid, suburceolate, tubular-oblong or

campanulate, often contracted at the apex. Ovary 2—4-celled. :

X. Acrostemon.—Calys conspicuous, clothed with long hairs; segments linear or

narrowly deltoid. Corolla elongated, tubular or clavate-tubular, often cou- oe

tracted at the apex. Ovary 2-celled. 4 eee

4 ERICACER (Bolus, Guthrie & Brown).

q Bracts 1-3. Calyx tubular, campanulate or obconic, equally and

shortly 4-toothed or lobed to the middle; tube usually rather thick

or somewhat fleshy and often sharply 4-angled.

XI. Simocheilus.— Corolla much elongated and tubular or tubular-clavate or

4-angled and about twice as long as the calyx. Ovary 2-4.celled.

||| Corolla equally but shortly 2-lobed, tubular or tubular-funnel-shaped.

Anthers exserted. Ovary 2-celled.

XIV. Aniserica.—Bract 1, at the very base of the pedicel, or 0. Calyx cam-

panulate, 4-angled, equally 4-toothed.

XV. Sympieza.—Bracts 0-3. Calyx dorsally much flattened, 2-angled, or if

3-angled, with the 3rd angle next the axis, equally 2-3-lobed.

tt Ovary 1-celled; ovule solitary.

a. Stamens 8.

XVI. Lepterica.—Bracts 0. Calyw subunequally 4-toothed. Corolla minute,

obconic. Anthers included. Stigma very large, crater-like.

8. Stamens 3-5, very rarely 2.

XII. Syndesmanthus.—Bracts usually 0, rarely 1-3. Calyx obconie or turbi-

nate, equally 3—4.toothed, usually hairy; tube distinctly 3-8-angled, thin or

. coriaceous, not fleshy. Corolla tubular or clavate. Stigma simple, or peltate

with the centre produced.

XIIT. Anomalanthus.—Bracts 3. Calyw ovoid or campanulate, thick and

fleshy, scarcely or not at all angular, equally 4-toothed, glabrous, Corolla

campanulate, tubular or narrowly funnel-shaped. Stigma simple.

XVIII. Scyphogyne.—Bracts usually 0, rarely 1. Calyw obconic or campanu-

late, thin or coriaceous, not fleshy, more or less angular, unequally or equally

3-4-toothed or -lobed. Corolla minute, globose, obconic, campanulate or

urceolate. Stigma very large, crater-like or peltate.

** Corolla arising from the middle of the ovary, which is half inferior to it, but

free from the calyz.

XIX. Lagenocarpus.—Bracts 0. Calyx campanulate, 4-toothed. Corolla

a campanulate or subglobose. Anthers sessile, included. Ovary 2-3-

I. ERICA, Linn.

(By F. Gutunm and H. Bouvs.) *

_ Calyx free, mostly 4-partite, rarely 4-fid or 4-dentate. Corolla

hypogynous, deciduous, or rarely persistent, tubular, ampullaceous,

urceolate, globose, ovoid, campanulate, cyathiform, obconic, or funnel-

shaped, 4-lobed, less commonly 4-fid, rarely sub-4-partite. Stamens

hypogynous, normally 8, very rarely fewer or more, mostly arising

from the base of a free, more or less elevated disk ; filaments free ;

anthers terminal or lateral, dehiscing by lateral pores or slits, muticous,

crested or aristate at or near the insertion of the filament or more —

rarely distant, the appendages often adnate to it, or sometimes

* During the progress of this work, I h ,

friend and colleague, Prof. Guthrie ; but nick % ad to lament the death of my

i u before he had ibu

ice alate heap ere cmt: 2 # plein ty fo sano

ge uable help ren me in the 1. . We

relative, Miss L. Kensit, B.A.—H.B. e latter portion of the work by my

Erica.] ERicacex (Guthrie & Bolus). 5

entirely free from the anther-cells. Disk more or less prominent,

lobed or crenulate, rarely obsolete. Ovary sessile or stipitate, mostly

4- (very rarely 8-celled); cells 2-co-ovuled. Style filiform ; stigma

simple, capitate, peltate or eyathiform, very rarely 4-fid. Capsule

globose, conical or cylindrical, loculicidally 4-valved, valves separat-

ing from the axis, mostly many-seeded. Seeds minute, ellipsoidal,

more rarely lenticular, or much compressed and margined or more

rarely winged.

Perennial shrubs, from a few inches to 10 ft., or rarely more; leaves 3-6-nate,

in whorls, less commonly scattered or opposite, most usually rigid and narrow,

linear, trigonous, margins revolute and connate with the underside, leaving only

a channel more or less wide and deep between them, or less commonly, flatter,

broader and “ open-backed,” i.e. the margins revolute or reflexed, but leaving the

underside visible, very rarely nearly flat ; inflorescence mostly normally terminal,

or often axillary (the flowers clustered in the axils, at the ends of partially or

entirely arrested lateral branchlets), very rarely truly indefinite and racemose ;

flowers solitary, more commonly 2—4-nate, umbellate or capitate; pedicels

1-flowered ; bracts 3, rarely fewer, very rarely wanting. The flowers are ferti-

lized in some cases by the wind, in others by insects, and many of the longer

and tubular (Subgenus I. Syrinaopea) by birds (cf. G. F. Scott-Elliot, in

Ann. Bot. iv. 269, 270).

The Ericacex are chiefly xeropbilous mostly on rocky mountain-sides, lower

hills, or sandy plains, very rarely on wet or marshy ground. They inhabit for

the most part the littoral strip, some 50 or 60 miles in breadth, from the Olifants

River on the west to the Van Stadensberg Range on the east, diminishing rapidly

in number beyond these limits. Their greatest concentration may be on the Cape

Peninsula, where 92 species have been recorded in an area of 198 square miles;

but the home of the more beautiful, and now rarer, species is in the Caledon

Division. Many species have a very small distribution-area.

Disteis. Species over 500, of which 469 are endemic in South Africa, 6 or 8

in Tropical Africa, and the rest dispersed from the Atlantic Isles through Europe

and North Africa to the Orient.

This genus is remarkable for an unusual degree of variability in the form of

almost all its organs. It is therefore one difficult of definition as to its species,

and of arrangement into satisfactory natural groups. Many of the species are

obviously allied to others in very different sections ; and in most of the sections

and subgenera it is necessary to note exceptions to the general technical

characters. Many authors have treated of them with great divergency of views ;

and the earlier botanists unduly multiplied the species as they arrived from the

Cape. At the end of the 18th, and the early part of the 19th centuries, the

heaths became fashionable in European gardens, were much hybridized and

copiously figured. This has added to the difficulty of definition, and still more to

the confusion of the synonomy. In respect of the latter, we have had largely to

rely upon others, and can but hope at most to have cleared up some few of the

obscurities by which the genus has been surrounded, leaving many in which,

owing to absence of types and imperfect descriptions, it may continue to be

involved. a

The following terms have been used in this genus :—the flowers are said to be

calycine (Aiton) or corolline acording as the calyx or corolla predominates in

the general appearance of the flower, which depends upon either the position

or relative size of those organs. The relative height of the calyx and corolla

is taken from the flowers when viewed horizontally, and, on account of the usual

spreading of the sepals, appears at first sight at variance with the measurements

of those organs when separated and flattened out. The shape of the anther-cell

is described from its profile, unless otherwise stated. Anthers projecting forwards

at the base are termed prognathous; these occur chiefly in § 8, Zuryloma, —

Anthers neither distinctly included nor exserted, but plainly visible at the level _

of the mouth of the corolla-tube, are said to be manifest. Awe

6 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hrica.

SUBGENERA.

(Leceptions disregarded and shown under the Sections.)

Flowers mostly corolline :

Corolla tubular, over 4 lin. long, mostly from 6-12

lin. long, limb not stellato-patent; flowers

always corolline ,., ive ‘st tes vy

Corolla various, not tubular, if exceeding 4 lin. in

length then urceolate, or inflated, or with a

stellato-patent limb; flowers corolline, very

rarely subcalycine :

Corolla-segments stellato-patent ; tube mostly

elongate, or ampullaceous, or urceolate ... II. STELLANTHRE.

Corolla-segments not, or very rarely, stellato-

patent, mostly less than (rarely over) 4 lin.

long i ies ai

Flowers mostly calycine :

Corolla mostly urceolate or subcyathiform, not

usually widening to the mouth ... se .» IV. CaLtaMyDANTHE,

Corolla mostly obconic or campanulate, usually

widening to the mouth, more rarely suburceolate

or broad-cyathiform Bi ea ie «. V. PLATYSTOMA.

SYNOPSIS OF SECTIONS.

Suserenus I. SYRINGODEA.

§ 1. Gigandra. Inflorescence terminal or axillary, Ovrolla tubular, or

tubular-inflated, rarely elongate-ovoid, glabrous, dry. Anthers fur-exserted,

terminal, muticous. : ‘ . . 5 ‘ : - Species 1-5.

§ 2. Didymanthera. Inflorescence terminal or axillary. Corolla tubular,

glabrous, dry. Anthers exserted, subterminal or sublateral, sometimes (or

always ?) articulated to the filament at their base See - Species 6-11.

§ 3. Pleurocallis. Injlorescence mostly axillary, more rarely also terminal on

the same plant. Corolla tubular, mostly over 6 lin. long, rarely shorter.

_ Anthers lateral, rarely terminal a ‘ ‘ : « Species 12-35.

§ 4. Evanthe. Inflorescence terminal, very rarely umbellate never sub-

capitate. Corolia mostly tubular, rarely obconic or subcampanulate. Anihers

mostly included, rarely exserted, lateral, free, Ovary usually glabrous,

; Species 36-70.

§ 5. Dasyanthes. Inflorescence terminal, umbellate or subcapitete, Corolla

tubular or subovoid-tubular, mostly roughly hispid, never glabrous. Anthers

lateral, free. Ovary more or less eat ee . - Species 71-77.

§ 6. Chona. Inflorescence terminal, umbellate. Corolla clavate-tubular.

Anthers exserted, lateral, cohering round the style in a conical truncated tube.

actridium. ; Species 78.

§ 7. Bactridium. Inflorescence terminal, umbellate, or psendo-axilla aa

subverticillate. Corolla tubular or inflated-tubular an Abit

included, lateral. Ovary long-stipitate . . glabrous, viscid. Anthers

: : + Species 79-80.

Suscenvus II. STELLANTHE.

§ 8. Euryloma. Inflorescence terminal, mostly umbellate. Corolla mostly

ampullaceous, or suburceolate, rare] tubular, contra : 3 li

often large. Anthers included, lateral, usually acu fee seat feos one

bilobed at the base. Ovary stipitate or elongate , . - Species 81-95

§ 9. Ceramus. Inflorescence terminal ; flowers umbellate, or 3—4-nate Corolla

urceolate, glabrous, dry. Anthers included, lateral, rarely prognathous Ova’

stipitate, or ab least: narrowed to the base. « eo Species bacon,

_§ 10. Callista. Inflorescence terminal ; flowers usually 4-nate rarely solitary.

Corolla narrow-tubular or suburceolate, rarely subampullaceous. Anthers in-

cluded, lateral, not p. thous at the base, usually Fa

I. SyrRInGcopra.

III. Everica.

very small, Ovary sessile.

mitota ss _ Species 101-111, oS

Erica.] ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus), 7

§ 11. Platyspora. Inflorescence axillary, pseudo-racemose, pseudo-spicate or

capitate ; flowers corolline or rarely subcalycine. Sepals mostly in opposite

pairs. Corolla various, 3-8 lin. long (mostly resembling that of §§ Euryloma,

Callista, or Lamprotis). Anthers included, lateral. Ovules ruch compressed

or lenticular, sometimes margined or winged ‘ . . Species 112-117.

§ 12. Myra. Inflorescence mostly axillary, in two species strictly racemose,

or sometimes terminal. Corolla subtubular, urceolate, or rarely subampullaceous,

mostly pubescent. Anthers usually included, lateral, appendiculate; mostly

glandular-viscid subshrubs . . , é 3 ‘ . Species 118-122.

SuscEnus II]. EVERICA.

§ 13. Ephebus. Inflorescence terminal ; flowers 3-4-nate or solitary, rarely

clustered or umbellate, mostly corolline, rarely subcalycine. Corolla variously

shaped, rarely over 3 lin, long, most usually more or less hairy, occasionally

glabrous, dry, rarely viscid. Anthers mostly included, rarely exserted or sub-

exserted, lateral. . i " , é é 5 : . Species 123-175.

§ 14. Ceramia. Inflorescence terminal or axillary, sometimes both on the

sume plant; flowers mostly 3-4-nate, or umbellate, rarely subcapitate or solitury,

cvrolline rarely subcalycine. Corolla variously shaped, rarely over 2} lin. long,

niostly glabrous or less commonly pubescent. Anthers lateral, very rarely sub-

termiual. Mostly diffuse and slender plants, less commonly erect and slender,

very rarely stout and rigid . é ° p ‘ ‘ Species 176-207.

§ 15. Desmia. Inflorescence terminal ; flowers 3-nate, umbellate or capitate,

corolline or subcorolline. Corolla urceolate, glabrous, 13-24 lin. loug. Anthers

subexserted, terminal, muticous . : ‘ ° ‘ Species 208 -210.

§ 16. Gypsocallis. Inflorescence axillary, rarely also terminal; flowers

corolline or rarely subcalycine. Corolla urceolate, ovoid, or subcampanulate,

glabrous, dry; limb short, 1-3 lin. long. Anthers mostly exserted or sub-

exserted, rarely subincluded, usually lateral, rarely subterminal. Species 211-218.

§ 17. Pyrouium. Inflorescence terminal; flowers 3-nate, rarely umbellate or

clustered, corolline, rarely subcorolline. Corolla mostly cyathiform, or sub-

campanulate, suburceolate, or ovoid, 3-2} lin. long. Resembling § Gypsocallis,

diftering almost solely by its terminal flowers . . . Species 219-232,

§ 18. Orophanes. Injlorescence terminal; flowers 4-nate or sometimes um-

bellate or irregularly clustered, very rarely in a congested pseudo-spike ; flowers

corolline, Corotla various, mostly urceolate, cyathiform or campauulate, usually

14-24 (rarely 4-5) lin. long. Anmthers mostly included, rarely subexserted,

lateral, always appendiculate.. Leaves almost always 4-nate . . Species 233-259.

§ 19. Leptodendron. Inflorescence terminal; flowers 3-nate or solitary,

corolline, very rarely subcorolline. Corolla various in shape, glabrous, dry,

14-34 lin. long. Anthers incinded, lateral. Leaves almost always 3-nate—

these and its 3-nate flowers forming the chief distinction from the preceding

section . ‘ é ‘ ‘ é é . ‘ ‘ . Species 260-268.

§ 20. Pachysa. Inflorescence terminal, occasionally also pseudo-axillary ;

flowers mostly 3-4-nate or umbellate, rarely subcapitate, corolline, or very

rarely subcalycine. Corolla more or less viscid, ovoid, urceolate, or very rarely

vbconic, 1-10 (usually 2-4) lin. long. Anéhers mostly included, very rarely

exserted, lateral, appendiculate or very rarely muticous. Ovary sessile, rarely sub-

Stipitate Species 269-292,

. .

§ 21. Hermes. Injlorescence mostly axillary, rarely both terminal and axillary,

usually pseudo-spicate or pseudo-racemose towards the ends of the branches ;—

flowers corolline, rarely subcalycine. Corolla various, mostly campanulate,

obconic or subtubular, 14-4 lin. long. Anthers more usually included, lateral

Or sulternteh sg katie oh dae re + Species 293-307.

§ 22. Chlorocodon. Injlorescence axillary; flowers 1-3-nate on the uppermost

branches, occasionally a few also terminal, corolline, very small. Corolla cyathi-

. .

form, campanulate or subobconic, }-1 lin. long. Anthers mostly lateral, —

subterminal. Stigma capitate, peltate or cyathiform. . . Species 308-3

§ 23. Arsace. Jnjlorescence terminal; flowers 3-nate,

8 ERICACEZ (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

urceolate, cyathiform or campanulate, }-1} lin. long. Anthers lateral or sub-

lateral. Stigma as in the preceding section ‘ . Species 315-330.

§ 24. Pseuderemia. Injlorescence terminal, capitate ; flowers mostly corolline.

Corolla urceolate or campanulate, 1-5 lin. long. Anthers mostly included,

lateral, appendiculate. |. . ‘ ‘ , é i Species 831-339.

§ 25. Polydesmia. Inflorescence terminal, capitate or subumbellate ; flowers

mostly corolline, rarely subcalycine. Corolla suburceolate or ovoid, 12-24 lin,

long. Anthers exserted or subexserted, terminal or subterminal. Species 340-343.

Suscenus IV. CHLAMYDANTHE.

§ 26. Chromostegia. Inflorescence terminal, capitate; heads 4-fld., mostly

involucrated by the more or less enlarged and discoloured floral leaves; flowers

calycine. Bracts closely approximate, broader than the narrow sepals. Corolla

various, puberulous, 1-2 lin. loug. Procumbent or suberect; leaves 4-nate,

strongly ciliate 4 . , ‘ i é - Species 344-346.

‘ § 27. Oxyloma. Inflorescence terminal ; flowers subsessile, 3-nate, or capitate

in many-fid. heads, calycine. Bracts approximate, and (with the sepals) closely

adpressed to the corolla, coloured. Corolla short-tubular or subinflated, 2-5

lin. long; segments suberect, long, acute or acuminate. Anthers included,

lateral, muticous i ici 6s aera gal a matin Species 347-349.

§ 28. Eriodesmia. Inflorescence terminal; flowers 1-6-nate, subcapitate or

umbellate, mostly calycine, rarely subcorolline. Sepals densely villous or woolly.

Corolla urceolate or campanulate, hairy, 13-2} lin, long. Anthers terminal,

Plants more or less hairy in all parts. ‘ - « _ « Species 350-353.

§ 29, Amphodea, Inflorescence terminal, capitate; heads 3-fld.; flowers

calycine. Bracts approximate, like the sepals scarious and coloured. Corolla

narrow-ovoid or suburceolate, glabrous, dry, 13-22 lin, long; segments erect,

hee acute. Anthers terminal or subterminal, decurrent-aristate. Leaves

nate .

Sis. We Lew wiiigks i. a cial ‘ - Species 354-356,

§ 30. Geissostegia, Injlorescence terminal ; flowers mostly take calycine,

small. Bracts mostly approximate and imbricate, more rarely subremote. Sepals

usually about as long as the corolla, rarely much shorter. Corolla various,

mostly urceolate or cyathiform, 1-23 lin. long. Anthers exserted, mostly

terminal or subterminal, muticous. Leaves 3-nate . 3 - Species 357-371.

§ 31. Elytrostegia, Inflorescence terminal; flowers mostly 3-nate or

clustered, calycine. Bracts closely approximate, sepal-like, paleaceous or car-

tilaginous. Corolla tubular-cyathiform or suburceolate labrous, dry, 1-24 lin

ee Anthers lateral or subterminal, Stigma trom subeiapie to ouliahe: howe

a ee ss ee noe oe gcse een O1E-B78.

§ 32. Apecus. Inflorescence terminal ; flowers mostly 4-nate a sabamabellate,

; ; Corolla cyathiform

seemdr onic, glabrous, 14-24 lin. long, Anthers ineluded or subincludel lateral,

. Bede - Species 377-878.

flowers 3-nate or clustered > rarely also pseudo-axillary ;

Anthers included,

Leaves 3-nate or opposit

Iostly adpressed and erect. All parts of the plants usually glabrous, gincshs ae

§ 34. Eurystegia, Inflorescence terminal, rarely als oe

4 terminal ; flow li in pairs

short branchlets, usually in long dense leafy pacudo-racemes, more carey pe :

vhat lax « ets, calycine. Sepals in opposite pai

_ times longer than the suboyoid 4-fid corolla, ma completely. Pet ng oad ‘

ne cer es a ' Species 409. —

Erica.| ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). 9

. § 36. Trigemma. Inflorescence terminal, occasionally also axillary ; flowers

3-4-nate, rarely subumbellate, never capitate, calycine or rarely subcorolline.

Sepals mostly large, prominent coloured. Corolla various, mostly glabrous, 13-

33 lin. long; limb mostly somewhat spreading or recurved, not stellate-

spreading. Anthers included, very rarely exserted. Leaves 3—4-nate, mostly

spreading, seldom or nevér closely adpressed ‘ > $ Species 410-431,

Suseenus V. PLATYSTOMA.

§ 37. Polyeodon. Inflorescence terminal 3 flowers 3-nate, mostly corolline or

subcalycine, rarely calycine. Corolla obconic or broad-cyathiform, glabrous,

dry, 7-14 lin. long; segments equalling, or longer than, the tube, rarely a little

shorter. Anthers lateral. Leaves 3-nate : . - Species 432-439,

§ 38. Eurystoma. Inflorescence terminal; flowers usually 3-nate, mostly

calycine or subcalycine, more rarely subcorolline or corolline. | Corolla obcsénic,

cyathiform or subcampanulate, wide-mouthed, very rarely subglobose-urceolate,

glabrous, dry, 1-24 lin. long. Anthers included or rarely subexserted, mostly

manifest, not produced beyond the pore. Leaves 3-nate, very rarely opposite.

Species 440-450.

§ 39. Melastemon. Inflorescence terminal or sometimes also pseudo-axillary ;

flowers mostly 3-nate, more rarely umbellate or subcapitate, mostly corolline,

rarely calycine or subealycine, 1-4 lin. long, usually glabrous. Corolla mostly

obconic or broad-cyathiform, wide-mouthed, rarely cyathiform. Anthers in-

cluded, lateral, usually more or less produced at the apex beyond the pore.

Species 451-460.

§ 40. Gamochlamys. Inflorescence terminal, or sometimes also pseudo-

axillary ; flowers mostly 3-nate, rarely solitary, corolline or more rarely calycine.

Calyx more or less gamosepalous. Corolla wide-mouthed, glabrous, , 1-3

lin. long. -Anthers mostly included, rarely subexserted, lateral, muticous, in one

species produced beyond the pore. Leaves 3-nate . . . Species 461-466.

§ 41. Cyatholoma. Injlorescence terminal, or sometimes pseudo-axillary ;

flowers 3-nate, subcalycine or subcorolline. Corolla subglobose below with large

cup-shaped limb, or ovoid-urceolate, 2-5 lin. long. Anthers included, lateral, in

two species subprognathous at the base. Ovary sessile or stipitate. Leaves

3-nate . ‘ ‘ . é ‘ ‘ . ° x - Species 467-469.

I. SYRINGODEA.

§ 1. GiaanpRa. Inflorescence terminal, or by arrest of the lateral branch-

lets. sometimes pseudo-axillary ; flowers 3-nate or solitary, at length cernuous,

Bracts approximate, imbricate, or remote and small, sepal-like. Sepals scarious,

rigid, imbricate at the base. - Corolla mostly tubular or tubular-inflated, rarely

elongate-ovoid, glabrous, dry; limb erect. Anthers long-exserted, terminal,

linear, bifid, muticous.. Ovary sessile, glabrous, Leaves 3-nate. Rigid, usually

stout shrubs, 1-2 ft. high.

EXcEPTIONS: corolla elongate-oyoid in E. scariosa 3 less than 4} lin. long in

E. Petiveri, var. y. }

Bracts approximate, imbricate, usually large and prominent : ;

Leaves 2-3} lin. long, glabrous or nearly so, rigid --» (1) Petiveri.

Leaves 4-5 lin. long, pubescent and pilose .., sek --- (2) vestifiua.

Bracts remote, usually small : i

Sepals broad-ovate or oblong, flat, not keeled ... --. (3) lineata.

Sepals narrow-lanceolate to ovate, concave, keeled : : :

Corolla 6 lin. long or more __... eo ee () Plukeneti.

Corolla less than 5 lin. long... ise aoe «+. (4) Scariosa,

§ 2. DipyMANTHERA. Inflorescence terminal or axillary; flowers 3-nate.

Bracts approximate, sepal-like, adpressed, rigid, searious, coloured. Corolla oe

tubular, glabrous, dry. Anthers exserted, terminal or sublateral, often (or ee

10 _ Ericace£ (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hrica,

always ?) articulated to the filament; cells mostly divaricate. Ovary sessile.

Erect or procumbent shrubs ; leaves 3—4-nate or scattered.

Inflorescence terminal :

Erect shrubs : '

Corolla 5 lin. long, crimson... “0d ... (6) monadelphia.

Corolla 10~13 lin. long, green ... ove ... (9) viridiflora.

Procumbent shrubs :

Corolla wide, almost equally so from base to

apex; filaments 4 lin. wide .., is C

Corolla narrower, especially at the base, widen-

ing upwards ; filaments 4 lin. wide or less... (8) primulina.

Inflorescence axillary :

Leaves 4-nate ; anthers muticous, 1} lin. long ... (10) sphenanthera.

Leaves 6-nate or scattered; anthers denticulate,

Pps BO BE OP, sis ... (11) cerviciflora,

§ 3. PrevRocaLtts. Inflorescence axillary, rarely both axillary and terminal ;

flowers mostly crowded below the ends of the branches, sometimes lax. Bracts

mostly small, rarely somewhat large. Corolla usually tubular, from 6-12 lin.

long, rarely shorter, glabrous or hairy, dry or viscid. Anthers usually included,

rarely subexserted or exserted, lateral, rarely terminal, appendiculate or muticous.

Leaves 6-nate, scattered or 4-nate. Stout shrubs, often of virgate habit, 1-3 ft.

high.

Mr. Scott-Elliot (Ann, Bot. iv. 270) observes that “ probably the whole

Pleurocallis section is ornithophilous.”

EXCEPTIONS: inflorescence terminal and axillary in E. annectens ; bracts rather

large in E. gilva, aud E. sessiliflora ; corolla short, 6 lin. or less in E. filipendula

var., coccined var., conica, regia var., casta, nematophylla, an

anthers subexserted in FB. longisepala, pu

pinea, and vestita, and exserted in EF. ex

E. vestita.

(7) Banksia.

d filamentosa ;

rpurea, sometimes so in EH. coccinea,

surgens, grandiflora, sometimes so in

KEY TO SUBSECTIONS.

Anthers aristate; ovary glabrous... .., (1) Mamuosax

Anthers muticous (in 32, sometimes minutely decurrent- :

denticulate) :

Ovary glabrous, or at most puberulous :

Ovary sessile, broadish at the base, mostly elon-

gate toe

tee Fue ve “ee eee Pant 2) Foa :

ee substipitate, or narrowed to the base, (@) Frameuna

short vee eee eee eee eee obs Pin

Ovary villous, rarely puberulous : (3) —

epals broadish, ovate-lanceolate to ovate

Sepals narrow, linear to lanceolate (4) Reet.

ove sw (5) Loneiroura.

: + 1. Mammose.

Ovary sessile :

Corolla more than 5 lin. long:

Corolla more or less distinct] 4afe

‘ae uine Y 4-foveolate at

— about 1 lin. long; sepals 14-2 lin. ei

ong ... sé wits ee +e (IS

miso 2-23 lin. long; sepals about 3 lin, ee

Corolla terete at the base or nearly so; ehaiehten

Flowers in a very dense close spike . | Sessilifi:

Flowers not in a very dense a oe eed abe

Corolla inflated below, tapering toa ,

narrow mouth, red...

Hrica.| ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 11

Corolla somewhat asymmetrically in-

flated medially, white :

Leaves 13-3 lin. long, obtuse,

spreading (14) bowieana.

Leaves 4-5 lin. long, acute, sub-

erect... : .. (15) gi

Corolla 3-4 lin. long, red or yellow .. see wi§dT) Sitpenhang var.

Ovary stipitate, corolla of various length, white .-»» (17) filipendula,

+ 2. Flammule.

Anthers subterminal; cells free; filaments forked at

the apex:

Corolla-segments semiovate, bluntly acute - .. (18) grandiflora.

Corolla-segments semilanceolate, very acute | (19) exsurgens.

Anthers sublateral or lateral ; cells not free to the

base :

Corolla extremely viscid; sepals thick, leathery ... (21) Hibbertia.

Corolla slightly viseid, or dry :

Corolla tubular, 9-13 lin. long :

Sepals lanceolate, ginbaae; 3 Ovary gla-

brous j (22) purpurea,

Sepals oblanceolate, villows 5 ovary his-

pidulous ... , es .. (23) coccinea.

Corolla tubular, 5-8 lin. ‘long :

Sepals linear-lanceolate, about equal to

the corolla-tube ... ... (20) longisepala.

Sepals obcuneate, cuspidate, villous, much

shorter than the corolla-tube ... (23) coccinea, var. B.

Corolla obconic or tg ee vi lin.

long |. sw vee .. (24) conica,

Tt 3. Pinex.

Ovary puberulous; sepals 2 lin. long... sss ws» (26) hesseana.

Ovary glabrous ; sepals 24-33 lin. long:

Anthers dorsifixed at the base, 2-1 lin. long;

flowers yellow or white... (25) pinea.

Anthers dorsifixed above the base, a lin. long ;

flowers red ... we eis ae .. (27) annectens,

+ 4. Regiz.

Anthers prognathous; corolla 4-9 lin. long, colour

various, seldom or never entirely white re ... (28) regia.

Anthers not, or scarcely, prognathous :

Corolla attenuate at the base, mostly white or rosy,

inflated at the middle, mouth contracted, 4-8 lin.

long ... . (29) casta,

Corolla-tube equal, bent, mouth not contracted,

12 lin. long .. an “ : .. (30) Marie.

, + 5. Longifoliz.

Leaves 3-4 lin. broad; petiole 1-2 lin. long by Ts-8 lin,

broad :

Corolla clavate-tubular, 8-12 lin. leng, mouth

more or less widened wii s . (31) vestita. —

Corolla clavate-tubular, 5 lin. long, mouth more

or less contracted ... es, +. (32) i

Corolla obconic-tubular or subconic, 4-6} lin. long,

mouth much widened sew - (33 ) filamentosa.

Leaves distinctly broader ; petioles shorter and broader :

Sepals linear ; bracts linear aad 2 sesame ee nr —

12 ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). [Brica.

Sepals lanceolate :

Corolla trumpet-shaped ; mouth not contracted ;

bracts approximate, long... mn ... (84) longifolia, var. ¢.

Corolla inflated; mouth contracted ;_ bracts

subremote, small vie owe bas ... (85) onosmefiora,

§ 4. Evantue. Inflorescence terminal ; flowers solitary or 2-4-nate, rarely

clustered. Corolla mostly tubular, very rarely obconic or subcampanulate, at

least 44 lin. long, usually longer. Anthers mostly included or more rarely sub-

exserted or exserted, lateral, free, muticous or decurrent-denticulate or aristate,

very rarely subcristate. Ovary sessile, glabrous or more rarely pubescent, 4-. or

more rarely 8-celled, Leaves 3-4-nate, rarely 4-6-nate, Usually erect, stout,

woody shrubs, from 1-5 ft. high; more rarely procumbent or slender.

Mr. G. F. Scott-Elliot believes all the large-flowered Evanthes to be almost

certainly ornithophilous (Ann. Bot. iv. 270).

Exceptions: E. verticillata, var. B, has sometimes corollas less than 41 lin,

long. Umbellate inflorescence may sometimes occur in E . verticillata.

Many of the species of this section are very variable and difficult of definition.

Some, with normally 4-nate leaves, occasionally have 3-nate leaves; more often

the inflorescence varies according to the degree of luxuriance of growth, and the

size of the corolla is frequently affected by the same cause. In using the key,

therefore, it will often be found necessary to try under more headings than one.

A. Loneirtorx. Corolla more than 6 lin. long.

1. Ovary more or less pubescent.

Anthers mnticous :

" Sepals 3-4 lin. long; filaments dilated at the base ... (58) versicolor.

Sepals under 1 lin. long; filaments not dilated at

the base ote th 333 at: s. (40) xanthina.

Anthers appendiculate : (40)

Sepals broad-ovate ; leaves 3-4-nate, subglabrous... (65) mertensiana,

Sepals ovate-lanceolate ; leaves 3-nate, cano-pu-

bescent ees i ... (41) Maximiliani.

Sepals lanceolate-linear; leaves 3-nate, shortly

pilose... cok Ndi tele ..» (67) wendlandiana,

. : 2.. Ovary glabrous.

* Flowers solitary (in 44 ¢ unknown) :

Anthers aristate, awns free :

Leaves 3-nate ;

‘Awns shorter than the anther-cell :

Leaves linear to lanceolate, 14-24 lin,

long ; sepals lanceolate or oblong,

3-3 lin. long wp 7 tts ase (49) densifolia.

Leaves linear-subfiliform : sepals sub-

linear, 2 lin. lon a on i

ee usually much longer than the anther. GaN ere

ce ea i ee ea) --» (51) speciosa

Leaves 4-nate; awns as lon as or cis é

the anther-cell ; rere mane.

Sepals 2 lin. long ; leaves 2-23 lin. long 37) sacciflor

2 5 . eee a.

Sepals 4-6 lin. long ; leaves 4-6 lin. long (an abietina.

— 4-nate ; awns shorter than the anther-

ce eee wee wee vee eee eee urviflo:

Anthers muticous or minutely decurrent-awned or —. 4

toothed :

. Sepals 4 lin. long, ovate or subcuneate ‘

Sepals under 1 lin, long, or sometimes a little meen

Erie sem, eis stad cag -» (40) xanthina.

Lirica. | ERICACER® (Guthrie & Bolus). 13

Sepals 14-4 lin. long: |

Anthers distinctly curved forwards at the

base se ike vs hag ... (48) conspicua.

Anthers not curved forwards at the base :

Corolla-tube subequal in diam. :

Sepals under 1 lin. long; bracts

minute ; corolla-tube yellow ... (40) xanthina.

Sepals 3—4 lin. long ; bracts large ;

corolla-tube red om ... (57) MacOwanii.

Corolla globosely swollen below the

throat, glabrous, white to rosy... (63) colorans.

Corolla somewhat inflated at the base

and apex, yellow... his ... (43) dubia.

Corolla gradually widened to the

mouth, rarely subequal :

Sepals and tube of yellow corolla

glabrous ; filaments attached at

a right-angle to connective ... (44) bibax.

Sepals, corolla, and filaments not so :

Ovary 8-celled ... ves ... (62) perspicua.

Ovary 4-celled; sepals very

variable in shape and size ... (45) eurviflora.

Corolla-limb 2-3} lin. long (45) eurviflora, var. B.

Corojla-limb mostly less

than 2 lin. long:

Branches stout, erect ;

leaves densely im-

bricate :

Anthers affixed

about the mid-

dle of the cell,

appendiculate . (45) curviflora, var. y.

Anthers affixed

below the middle

of the cell, mu-

ticous :

Corolla about

19 lin. long,

nearly glab-

rous, red ... (45) curviflora, var. ¢.

Corolla under

14 lin. long,

densely villous,

yellow ... (45) curviflora, var. 5,

Branches diffuse and

slender ; leaves sub-

: distant ... .., (45) curviflora, var. e.

** Flowers 2-3-4-nate (in 64, sometimes umbellate, in

48 and 62 usually, in others, occasionally, solitary) :

+ Anthers muticous :

Anthers affixed near the middle of the cell by

the thick connective ; ovary 8-celled ... (64) verticillata.

Anthers affixed near the base of the cell, and

as long as the filament; corolla hairy within (70) brachialis.

Anthers, ovary and corolla not asin the two

foregoing :

t Corolla dry (or in 64, viscidulous with

glandular hairs) :

Ovary 4-celled:

Anthers straight or nearly so;

_ Sepals 1-2 lin. longs

14 ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

Leaves 4-nate; anthers } lin.

long :

Corolla pubescent, yellow ;

limb connivent ... ... (40) xanthina.

Corolla glabrous, blood-red ;

limb erect or spreading . (68) hematosiphon.

Leaves 3-nate; corolla 11-14

lin. long; anthers 1-14 lin.

long ... ide vi .»- (58) versicolor.

Leaves 3-nate ; corolla 8-10 lin.

long; anthers $-1 lin. long. (66) cruenta, var. B.

Sepals exceeding 2 lin. long:

Leaves 3-nate; flowers 3-6-

“nate, 10 lin. Jong... ... (42) pallens,

Leaves 3-4-nate; flowers 1-2-

nate, 8 lin. long ... ..- (48) dubia,

Leaves 4-nate :

Leaves glabrous; corolla

about 19 lin. long —,,,_ (45) curviflora, var. ¢

Leaves plumose-ciliate, or

serrulate ; corolla 12 lin.

Ong x ++ .. (56) serratifolia.

Anthers curved forwards at the base:

Flowers usually 4-nate, gland-

hairy; anthers 1 lin. long .. (61) glandulosa.

Flowers usually solitary; not

gland-hairy ; anthers 1}-14

lin. long ~ .., ave --. (48) conspicua.

Ovary 8-celled ; corolla usually villous

or pubescent x aye .-- (62) perspicua.

tf Corolla viscid :

Sepals 2 lin, long :

Anthers 11-12 lin, long; leaves

Squarrose to recurved .., .. (59) berzelioides.

Anthers 2 or more lin, long ;

leaves suberect, imbricate (60) diaphana.

Sepals 8-5 lin, long :

Leaves 3-nate vee .-. (58) versicolor,

Leaves 4-nate ... ive --» (54) dichrus,

tt Anthers appendiculate :

Anthers } lin, long or less :

Appendages shortly subulate, scarcely

reaching to the base of the cell ... ... (47) macropus,

Appendages decurrent-denticulate on the

filament ..,

bee OR a -. (63) colorans.

a yep de as long as or

onger than the ce is és . (38 i -

Anthers 2-1 lin. long : serra

Awns of anther about as long as or longer

than the cell:

Procumbent, dwarf ;

eu ovary sub-

stipitate or constricted | --» (39) nana,

Erect, tall ; ovary sessile, broad-based {3} foliacea.

Awns much shorter :

Base of the anthers hollowed at the

_ approximation of the cellg :

ves 3-nate; awns of anther

3-§ of length of cell ... -+» (53) discolor,

eaves 4-nate; awns minute,

carcely projecting beyond the _ es:

Olle se (54) dichrus;

- tee

and subverticillate by innovation of the branches. — Corolla tubular or inflated. se

Hriea.] ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). 15

Base of the anthers not, or scarcely,

hollowed :

Anthers oblong, affixed to the

filament above their base;

bracts mostly small :

Leaves ciliate with plumose

hairs; flowers yellow ... (56) serratifolia.

Leaves naked ; flowers blood-

red... ie ots ... (66) cruenta.

Anthers linear, affixed near their

base ; bracts largish ... ... (55) unicolor.

Anthers 13-2 lin. long:

Leaves 4-6-nate; corolla contracted at

the throat ... #is va Sti ... (69) chloroloma.

Leaves 3-nate :

Awns of anthers nearly as long as the

cell ; cells blunt at the base ... (51) speciosa.

Awns of anther shorter; cells mostly

with a sharp projecting basal ‘ *

point:

Sepals tomentose ... aee .. (52) hebecalyx.

Sepals glabrous ... sie ... (60) diaphana.

B. BreviFtor®. Corolla less than 6 lin. long.

Leaves 3-nate ges iM we ese oe ... (66) cruenta,vars. +, 5.

Leaves 4-nate :

Ovary 8-celled; connective of anther projecting

dorsally ~~ ‘vs ows ees wis ... (64) verticillata, var. 8.

Ovary 4-celled; connective of anther not pro-

jecting = pai ee ide owe +». (61) glandulosa, var. 8.

§ 5. Dasyantues. Inflorescence terminal; flowers mostly umbellate, or sub-

capitate. Bracts approximate or subremote. Corolla tubular, rarely sub-

ovoid-tubular, more or less hairy, sometimes setose-hispid, never quite glabrous,

mostly dry, rarely subviscidulous. Anthers included or_exserted, lateral, free,

muticous or aristate. Ovary sessile, usually villous, or rarely puberulous, never

glubrous, 4-celled. Leaves usually 4-nate, more rarely 3-6-o-nate. Rigid

woody shrubs, 1-4 ft, high.

Ovary villous:

Sepals, bracts and leaves pectinate-ciliate :

Sepals and bracts oblong-linear —....—.., (71) _strigilifolia.

Sepals and bracts unguiculate de ... (72) pectinifolia.

Sepals and bracts not pectinate-ciliate :

Sepals and bracts thickly setose-hispid with

long pallid hairs... iis ws ... (73) Sparrmanni.

Sepals and bracts not thickly setose-hispid :

Anthers aristate :

Corolla 5-64 lin. long avs --» (76) Oatesii.

Corolla 6-16 lin. long (mostly

10-12) ; anthers often muticous. (77) cerinthoides.

Anthers cristate-aristate; awns subulate,

curved and lacerate ... sai ... (75) splendens.

_ Anthers muticous or very minutely

aristate... ae Oe ose .-. (77) cerinthoides.

Ovary puberulous ; anthers shortly decurrent-aristate (74) doliiformis.

§ 6. CHona. Cae ah

Only species... 2. su, cee seen (78) embothriifolia,

§ 7. Bacrripium. Inflorescence terminal and umbellate, or pseudo-axillary

16 ERIcACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

tubular, viscid. Anthers included, lateral. Ovary narrow, elongate, long-

stipitate, glabrous.

The species are probably fertilized by birds. (Cf. Scott-Elliot, Annals of

Botany, iv. 270).

Tall and virgate ; leaves linear, 6-8 lin. long __.... ... (79) fascicularis.

Shorter, more branched; leaves oblong, 2 lin. long _—.., (80) Massoni.

Il. STELLANTHE.

§ 8. EvrytomA. Inflorescence terminal; flowers generally umbellate. Corolla

mostly ampullaceous, sometimes suburceolate, rarely tubular, contracted at the

throat, usually viscid; limb spreading, often large. Anthers included, lateral,

either subcrescent-shaped, prognathous and distinctly bilobed at the base, or less

commonly nearly straight, equal and scarcely lobed, muticous or appendiculate.

Ovary more or less distinctly stipitate, or elongate, usually glabrous. Leaves

3-4-nate, adpressed, squarrose or recurved. Usually glabrous shrubs.

1. Anthers distinctly prognathous, also crescent-shaped and bilobed at the base.

Corolla mostly ampullaceous, or at least tubular-inflated

below :

Anthers aristate; ovary short-stipitate ; corolla 9-20

lin, long Se ae le io ... (87) Junonia.

Anthers muticous:

Leaves 3-nate :

Corol)a ampullaceous, 12-15 lin. long :

Corolla tapering into a long thin

neck ; leaves 3-4 lin. long... ... (85) lagenezformis.

Corolla with a shorter and thicker

neck; leaves 4-6 lin. long ... .-- (88) shannonea.

eh Ni re Sime sien or suburceolate,

4-10 lin. lo: ove vee «+ «.. (90) irbyana.

Leaves 4-nate : oo ig oa

Corolla-tube 4 lin. long; leaves nearly erect (81) Gysbertii.

Corolla-tube much longer ; leaves spreading

or recurved ;

Sepals pubescent ; corolla-segments very

acute .., oe bs ba -.. (84) retorta.

Sepals glabrous ; corolla-segments obtuse

or retuse :

Corolla-segments wider than long,

Tetuse,. -s. © ss sess (88) aristate.

; Corolla-segments longer than wide,

ag OE ee ws .s (89) ampulleces.

Corolla-tube cylindrical, not inflated ; limb very large ... (86) jasminiflora.

2. Anthers not distinctly prognathous, straight or nearly so, obscurely bilobed

at the base.

Anthers appendiculate :

Corolla &-6 lin. long; anthers broad-cuneate; awns

nearly aslongasthecell ... .., +++ ss. (92) pectinata.

Corolla 3-4 lin. long; anthers oblong or semiovate ; ae

awns much shorter... 0... ... (93) trichroma.

Corolla nae: lin. Jong; awns of anther about equalling

the cell... ‘ain er sie eee bad os (95 *

Anthers muticons : Seep

Leaves 3-nate, minutely gland-ciliolate or serrulate :

Leaves 2-3 lin. long ; corolla 4-84 lin. long... ci curvifolia.

Leaves {-1 lin, long ; corolla about 2 lin. lon 94) tubercularis.

Leaves 4-nate or sub-4-nate, ciliate with long hairs .,. 82) squarrosa. __

Erica. | ERICACEEZ (Guthrie & Bolus). 17

§ 9. Curamvs. Inflorescence terminal ; flowers umbellate or 3~4-nate, rarely

pseudo-corymbose. Bracts usually remote, or subremote and small, rarely sub-

approximate and rather large. Sepals narrow, small, rarely equalling the corolla-

tube. Corolla ovoid-urceolate, or obovoid-urceolate, rarely urceolate, glabrous,

dry; throat mostly much constricted. Anthers included, lateral, mostly equal

at the base, rarely prognathous or slightly so, usually appendiculate, more

rarely muticous, Ovary stipitate or at least narrowed at the base, glabrous.

Leaves 3-nate, 4-nate or scattered.

Exceptions : anthers prognathous, or slightly so, in Z. incarnata.

Leaves 3-nate ... qe Hi os ee ... (96) incarnata,

Leaves 4-nate :

Leaves 5-10 lin. long:

Virgate; leaves very slender; corolla

3-4 lin.long ... op one --» (99) inflata,

Much branched ; corolla 5-10 lin. long ... (100) ventricosa,

Leaves 1-4 lin. long:

Anthers very minutely cristate; leaves

2-3 lin. long re sve bo ..» (97) Savilea,

Anthers muticous ; leaves 3-4 lin. long ... (38) precox.

§ 10. Caxtista (Stellanthe, Salisb.). Inflorescence terminal ; flowers usually

4-nate, rarely solitary. Bracts approximate, Sepals linear, lanceolate-oblong,

ovate, obovate or spathulate, mostly ciliate, denticulate or lacerate, scarious,

Corolla narrow-tubular, urceolate, or narrow-ovoid-urceolate, from 2-10 lin.

long, mostly glabrous and dry, the spreading limb often covered on tbe

upper surface by a pallid thickish mealy film. Anthers included, lateral, basi-

fixed or subdorsifixed, muticous or very rarely minutely aristulate, usually 3-4 lin.

long. Ovary sessile, rarely elongate, glabrous. Leaves 4-nate, mostly linear,

rarely broader, usually glabrous. Erect, rigid shrubs with glabrous rarely

pubescent branches.

The section is a natural one; but the last four or five species are difficult of

definition and limitation.

EXxcePtions: flowers usually solitary in HE. Lawsonia ; ovary elongate, some-

what contracted at the base in E. cylindrica.

Corolla tubular, not, or scarcely inflated ; sepals linear

or lanceolate-linear :

Flowers solitary, or generally so... .». (101) Lawsonia.

Flowers 4-nate, or sub-4-nate:

Sepals less than half as long as the corolla-

tube:

Corolla-tube 8-10 lin. long, about 4 lin.

wide, slightly inflated at the throat ... (102) pavetteflora.

Corolla-tube 6-7 lin. long, about # lin.

wide, slightly contracted at the throat (103) cylindrica,

Sepals from 3—§ the length of the corolla-

tube:

Corolla-tube not inflated, 4 lin. by 1 lin. (104) fastigiata.

Corolla-tube slightly inflated, 5-6 lin.

by 1-1} lin. :

Corolla-segments ovate-oblong, 2 :

lin. Jong ... see ov .-. (104) fastigiata, var. y.

Corolla-segments ovate-lanceolate, :

3 lin. long... ‘uy . se. (104) fastigiata, var. 8.

Corolla-tube scarcely inflated; sepals lanceolate or

ovate-lanceolate :

Corolla-tube 2-24 lin. long re ove ... (105) transparens,

Corolla-tube 34-7 oe long : " ee

Sepals ; lin., subequal corolla-tube ; : ‘ i

Te olla-denmeute® het by 2} lim (106) Vallis-Gratin.

NOL. IV.—SECT. I. a Serie c

18 gricace® (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

Sepals about 4 the length of the corolla-tube

or less:

Corolla-tube 4-5 lin. by 14 lin.; sepals :

about 2 lin. long dex we ... (109) daphniflora, var.¢.

Corolla-tube 7 lin. by 14 lin. ; sepals ’

about 8 lin. long awe oe ... (107) preenitens.

- Corolla-tube usually distinctly inflated below :

Sepals not distinctly widest above the middle : -

Sepals subulate-linear, 6 lin. long ... ... (104) fastigiata, var. y.

Sepals broader, tapering from middle to

ME eres -_ t00s one am ... (109) daphniflora, and

Sepals oblong, elliptical or ovate-lanceolate, vars. B, y, and ¢.

not tapering from middle to apex ... (109) daphnifiora, vars.

Sepals, and generally the bracts also, distinctly B, y, 5, €

widest above the middle, and more or less

- lacerate-edged: . , :

Sepais only slightly lacerate, or denticulate ; ;

leaves usually spreading-incurved :

Sepals with a long foliaceous cusp;

corolla 5-6 lin. long ... w+ wee (110) pellucida,

Sepals not so, or with a very short cusp;

corolla 3-4 lin, long ... ibe ... (108) Walkeria.

Sepals and bracts usually deeply pectinate-

lacerate or fimbriate ; leaves usually erect

or ascending ... fk dea ie ... (111) denticulata.

§ 11. Puatyspora. Inflorescence axillary or subaxillary; flowers sometimes

arranged in long pseudo-racemes, or dense pseudo-spikes or heads, corolline or

rarely subealycine. Bracts and sepals scarious or glumaceous, the former always

smaller, the sepals more or less distinctly imbricate and in opposite pairs, upper

pair somewhat narrower, all white or pallid. Corolla suburceolate, subsalver-

shaped, or ovoid, contracted at the throat, from 3-8} lin. long; limb mostly

spreading or recurved, sometimes large {with a general resemblance to that of

§§ Callista and Lamprotis). Filaments capillary, rarely rather broad. Anthers

included, lateral, shortly aristate or muticous. Style included ; stigma simple or,

capitellate ; ovary mostly glabrous, rarely puberulous; ovules flat or more or —

less broadly -winged, or with a membranous margin, or lenticular and not

marginate, Leaves 8- or 4-nate, always narrow, acute or acuminate, glabrous.

Branches mostly virgate. '

EXCEPTION : the flowers are snbcalycine in E. albens.

Allied on varions sides to the §§ Euryloma, Callista, and Lamprotis. From

the two former it is distinguished generally by the flat or compressed, mostly mar-

gined or winged, ovules and seeds. The character is not, however, always

capable of verification, and sometimes not well-marked. Similar seeds have been

found in other species, as in EH. dianthifolia, BE. chlorosepala (and perhaps in —

others) which, owing to the predominance of other characters, have been placed

elsewhere. From § Lamprotis this section is distingui

corolline flowers. : tht See ger: on is distinguished by its usually

Sepals ovate or lanceolate :

Pedicels about 5 lin. long; inflorescence sub-

corymbose : ... (112) astroites.

Pedicels about 2 lin, long ;_ inflorescence " pseudo-

spicate or racemose :

Flowers in a long lax pseudo-raceme, often

— Ss wie See HS: .-» (118) albens.

owers in a short crowded spike or head ) ae

Sepals narrow-lanceolate : ceed eho . -

Leaves 4-nate ; anthers muticous; seeds searcely .

see margined eee eee oer aoe cae aoe (115) macilenta. :

Brica.] pricacea: (Guthrie & Bolus). 19

Leaves 3- (or occasionally 4-) nate :

Corolla-tube 4 lin. by 1 lin., 4-gonous; anthers

muticous; seeds not (or narrowly) margined... (116) tetragona,

Corolla-tube 3 lin. by 14 lin., cylindrical ; anthers

minutely aristate; seeds broadly winged _.., (117) heliophila.

§ 12. Myra. Inflorescence axillary, in at least two species strictly racemose,

or sometimes terminal and umbellate. Bracts small and inconspicuous, remote or

approximate. Sepals small, glabrous or gland-hispid. Corolla subtubular,

urceolate, rarely subampullaceous, mostly pubescent. Anthers generally in-

cluded, lateral, appendiculate. Ovary sessile or shortly stipitate, glabrous or

rarely thinly puberulous ; limb mostly flattish and stellato-patent. Leaves 3-4-

nate below, scattered on the upper branches, irregular and often distant. Well

characterized by the branches, leaves, pedicels, and sometimes the bracts and

sepals, being more or less densely hispid and viscid with gland-tipped hairs.

ExcEPTIOoN : corolla-segments spreading, but scarcely stellato-patent in E.

armata, ‘ es

Sepals glabrous ; anthers crested : ,

Corolla-tube about 4 lin. long; anthers cuneate-

CUION av Ls ot 2 Ey aes eee ... (121) glutinosa.

Corolla-tube 7-12 lin. long; anthers narrow-cuneate.. (120) rufescens.

Sepals gland-hispid ; anthers crested :

Corolla-tube 6-8 lin. long ; pedicels 4-6 lin. long... (119) irrorata.

Corolla-tube 3-4 lin. long ; pedicels 13-2 lin. long ... (118) glandulifera.

Sepals gland-hispid ; anthers aristate ite ive ... (122) armata.

III. EUERICA, Bentz.

§ 18. Epaesus (Lasianthe, Bartl.). Inflorescence mostly terminal, rarely

terminal and axillary; flowers usually 3—4-nate, sometimes solitary, rarely

clustered or umbellate, corolline rarely subcalycine. Sepals usually small and

inconspicuous, Corolla variously shaped, rarely over 3 lin. long, most usually

with indumentum, dry or rarely viscid. Anthers usually included, rarely

exserted or subexserted, lateral, appendiculate or muticous. Leaves 3—4-nate.

Generally erect and rigid shrubs.

Exceptions : inflorescence terminal and lateral in E. caterveflora, Atherstonei,

aggregata, globosa, aud sometimes so in H. podophylla; clustered or subcapitate

in E. caterveflora, distorta, turgida, nidularia, aggregata; flowers solitary, or

occasionally so, in E. podophylla, propendens, pyramidalis, chrysocodon, tricho-

phora and cyrillefora ; subcalycine in LE. podophylla and BE. Lerouxie ; corolla

glabrous in vars, of EH. Alopecwrus, pyramidalis, caterveflora, intervallaris,

oresigena, or becomes glabrous in HE. Atherstonei ; and exceeds 3 lin. in length in

E. propendens, pyramidalis, chrysocodon, oresigena, Fianagani, and coffra;

anthers exserted in EZ. turgida and subexserted'in HE. algida, Atherstonei, perlata,

and globosa ; ovary sometimes 8-celled in E. propendens.

The shape of the corolla.is necessarily taken in most cases from dried or boiled

specimens. In either state it often appears wider at the mouth than in the living

plant, and, notwithstanding care, may be sometimes thus described.

I. SULCAT.A. Leaves sulcate, or only occasionally subopen-backed.

: 1. Leaves 3-nate.

Inflorescence a dense narrow pseudo-spike, 1-3 in. long ... (133) Alopecurus.

Inflorescence not a dense narrow pseudo-spike :

Corolla-mouth more or less widened at maturity :

Ovary glabrous :

Leaves subpungent ; corolla dark-purple, viscid-

pubescent ae iis ei leu

Leaves not pungent; corolla white or pallid,

_very minutely oe ia oye, oor (Ae) Omale.

(136) siewfolia.

eee

ite otic

20 gricace& (Guthrie & Bolus). [ rica.

Ovary pubescent = :

Corolla densely tomentose ... ots w+» (124) Peziza.

Corolla minutely puberulous wit ... (160) trichadenia.

Corolla scarcely widened or contracted at the mouth

or throat:

Ovary never glabrous :

Bracts remote and small :

Corolla densely woolly and shaggy ... (125) ovina.

Corolla hirsute, pubescent or puberu-

lous:

Anthers cristate or subcristate :

Corolla strongly 4-nerved,

pulverulent . «» (138) Atherstonei.

Corolla not nerved :

Anthers broad-cristate ;

petioles 1 lin. or more

long ... eat ... (137) podophylla.

Anthers narrow-cristate ;

petioles } lin, long or

1es8 tee ... (129) albescens.

Anthers aristate or subaristate :

Sepals and young leaves

copiously long-setose; ¢o-

rolla 3 lin. long ... —... (130) oxyandra.

Sepals and leaves not long-

’ setose ; corolla 1} lin. long :

Anthers over 4 lin. long (129) albescens.

Anthers } lin. long ... (147) parviflora, var. ¢.

Bracts approximate, 1 lin. or more long :

Corolla 2-24 lin. long; sepals 14 lin.

long ; anthers nearly } lin. long .., (181) dysantha.

Corolla 1 lin. long ; sepals $ lin. long;

anthers } lin. long 1.00 ka 13 eriocodon.

Ovary glabrous ; seh 3—4 lin. long .., -» (154) modesta,

ary Sometimes glabrous ; corolla 1-1} lin.long (147) parviflora, var.

Corolla contracted at the throst ; eae ‘

Bracts approximate :

Whole plant roughly hispid; sepals} lin.long (128) Constantia.

Plant not roughly hispid ; sepals 14-2 lin.

Straggling plant; leaves distant;

sepals linear aoe ee oe eee (135) auriculata.

aa leaves imbricate ; sepals

Ovi orn eee oor eee A ad

ee and. small ; 2 eaten

rola-segments recurved, tips dark- ‘

ete ee ee (127) pubigera.

Corolla-segments not recurved :

Sepals nearly as long as the corolla ... (132) dilatata.

Sepals much shorter than the corolla :

Corolla globose-urceolate; mouth

much -contracted w+ ase (123) nivalis.

Corolla urceolate or ovoid-urceo-

late; mouth not much econ-

tracted; -

—— <s oe — + to

nearly 4 as high as corolla (170) pubeseens.

Sepals — long, } as high Seeued

ascoroiia ... .. 4.. (126) tomentosa.

Corolla oval or cyathiform, densely se

woolly and shaggy ... .., (125) ovina,

Erica.| ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). 21

2. Leaves 4-nate.

* Corolla-mouth widened; ovary glabrous :

Authers muticous :

Corolla 13 lin, long ; sepals $ lin. long .. (143) setulosa.

Corolla 3-5 lin. long; sepals 1-14 lin. long: :

Bracts approximate ; sepals oe wed

brous, scarious ... . (139) propendens.

Bracts remote ; 3 Sepals pubescent :

Sepals linear or acuminate from an

evate coloured base :

Leaves 23-34 lin. long; corolla

glabrous or puberulous (140) pyramidalis.

Leaves 1-1} lin, long; corolla

softly pilose... . (142) trichophora.

Sepals ovate or ovate-lanceolate ; ;

corolla funnel-shaped de .. (141) chrysocodon,

Anthers appendiculate :

Anthers oblong, subcristate, 4 lin. oe pore

about 4 as long as the cell... (145) distorta.

Anthers oblong, aristate, 3 lin. long, pore about

4 as long as the cell .., (144) pusilla.

Anthers broad-oblong, aristate, a5 lin, long,

pore about # as long as the cell ‘—< . (144) pusilla, var. B.

** Corolla-mouth scarcely widened or contracted :

} Ovary glabrous; bracts remote and small:

Corolla tetragonous or subtetragonous :

Flowers densely clustered ; corolla 24 lin.

long (146) caterveeflora.

Flowers not “densely clustered ; “corolla

14-2 lin. long... ‘as ove .. (148) intervallaris.

Corolla not tetragonous :

Anthers appendiculate :

Corolla semiglobose-urceolate or broad-

cyathiform, 1-1} lin. long .. ... (145) distorta.

Corolla ovoid-urceolate, or cyathiform

or subtubular, 14-2 lin. long:

Corolla mostly ovoid-urceolate ;

hairs usually very rough;

anthers ovate-cuneate .. (156) hirtifiora,

Corolla mostly narrow-cyathiform

or subtubular ; hairs less rough

than in the above; anthers ’

oblong . vee eww «lee (187) parviflora.

Anthers muticous :

Corolla subtubular or tubular-cam- a

panulate, 3 lin. long vis ie a eyrilleflora.

Corolla suburceolate, 2 lin. long 147) parviflora, var.y.

fi Ovary with indumentum :

Bracts subapproximate, one longer and folia-

ceous :

Anthers east mostly with a sharp

anterior basal point wes (151) turgida.

Anthers obovate-oblong, without a meted

anterior basal point ia "haze! algida,

Bracts remote; anthers longitudinally semi

ovate... ive ae ~ (152) nidularia.

### Qorolla-mouth more or less contracted ;

mostly urceolate :

Bracts approximate or subapproximate : oe

Corolla 34-4 st very stout shrub _ ... (155) Flanagani.

fii

22 Ericacem (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

Corolla 2 lin. long ; flowers few ; branches with

long internodes es ate (135) auriculata.

Corolla 14 lin. long ; flowers numerous ; ; inter-

nodes short... ave ee ve .. (151) turgida.

Bracts remote and small;

Corolla-segments acuminate; leaves ovoid, 4

thick, short} ... int . (159) oophylla. 4

Corolla-segments not acuminate ; leaves not :

ovoid, thick and short :

Sepals 2 lin. or more long, gland-ciliate,

or soft subplumose-ciliate (153) oresigena,

Sepals 1 lin. or less long, not gland- ciliate :

Anthers with a sharp anterior basal

point .. (151) turgida,

Anthers without a sharp anterior basal

point:

Corolla-limb spreading, nearly }

as long as the tube; stigma sub-

peltate: ied aired oouades (157) mollis,

Corolla-limb erect or rarely

spreading, much less than 4 the

_ length of the tube; stigma

capitate :

. Sepals. — with the

corolla (132) dilatata.

Sepals half ‘as long as the

corolla or less :

Anthers ovate-cunentes

.awns long-ciliate

Corolla puberulous,

bright crimson ... (158) ribisaria.

Corolla roughly tu- j

berculate-hirsute,

pale purple or rosy (156) hirtiflora.

Anthers oblong; awns

rough-edged or short-

ciliolate oes .. (147) parviflora,

II. CERAMIOIDEA. Leaves more or less open-backed and spreading.

1. Leaves 3-nate.

Bracts approximate :

Leaves ovate; sepals foliaceous, green, short-ciliate (167) enero

ioent lancaster sepals coloured, at least in the

ower

Corolla-mouth wide; anthers subincluded,

manifest : si

Repale-§ i. Yong. ai. ds. ees .. (166) setosa.

Sepals 14 lin. long ... mg fausta.

Corolla moderately contracted or nearly equal

at the throat :

Sepals 13-2) lin.long, reaching to} the height

of the corolla ; filaments broad, ciliate (168) Lerouxie.

Sepals 1-1} lin. long, reaching to eS the

— of the sea oe filaments narrow,

na eae oe 7 oo. eee bescens.

Bracts remote, small : « IO) pe

Leaves open-backed, narrow, whether linear, oblong

or lanceolate :

Petioles 1 lin. long or more, ciliate (leaves

mostly sulcate only) os. ae aes st) podopbylis,

Erica. | ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 23

Petioles 4 lin. Jong or less:

Anuthers muticous ... ave ws ase (161) eriocodon.

Anthers appendiculate :

Corolla-mouth distinctly contracted :

Corolla 3-84 lin. long, long per-

persistent :

Anthers distinctly aristate ;

leaves up to 6 lin. long ... (169) caffra.

Anthers obscurely aristate ;

leaves much shorter _... (169) caffra, var. B.

Corolla 2 lin. long ; leaves 2-3 lin.

LOmGy sve or sn ... (172) aggregata.

Corolla-mouth scarcely widened or

contracted :

Sepals broad-lanceolate, 1 lin.

long ; corolla ovoid-urceolate.. (170) pubescens.

Sepals linear, 14 lin. long ; corolla

- broad-urceolate ie ... (171) hirta.

Corolla-mouth widened; leaves fim-

briate-ciliate cat set ... (160) trichadenia.

Leaves open-backed, ovate or at least broad :

Corolla-limb subequal to the tube; mouth

widened ... eet és see ot ... (162) patens.

Corolla-limb much shorter than the tube;

mouth not widened :

Corolla about 3 lin. long; leaves broad,

ovate to elliptical ey it ... (174) marifolia.

Corolla 2-24 lin. long; leaves linear to

narrow-ovate :

Dwarf, diffuse ; pubescence silvery ... (175) argyrea.

Taller, erect ; pubescence not silvery :

Flowers crowded at the ends of

the branches; pubescence fine

and soft, not glandular ... (172) aggregata.

‘Flowers not crowded ; pubescence

usually more or less coarsely

glandular-viscid :

Anthers’ oblong, 3 times as”

long as broad... ... (171) hirta.

Anthers linear, 4-5 times as

long as broad =... ss (178) globose.

2, Leaves 4-nate (linear or linear-lanceolate).

Anthers cristate, included but often manifest ... ... (164) barbata.

Anthers minutely aristate, subexserted ... iv ... (163) perlata.

§ 14. Ceramia. Inflorescence variable, sometimes so on the same plant,

terminal or axillary ; flowers commonly 3-4-nate, umbellate or rarely sub-

capitate or solitary, corolline, rarely subcalycine. Sepals usually small and

inconspicuous. Corolla variously shaped, rarely exceeding 24 lin. in length,

mostly glabrous or less commonly pubescent, or puberulous, dry or viscid.

Anthers exserted or included, lateral or rarely terminal or subterminal, appendicu-

late or muticous. Leaves 3-nate or less commonly 4-nate. Diffuse or often

weakly-growing shrubs, less commonly erect but then generally slender, very

rarely stout and rigid, :

Notwithstanding the inconstancy of man of the sectional characters, this

section is a fairly natural one, and will give ittle trouble. Species not readily

found here may be sought for in § Ephebus.

Exceptions: flowers subcalycine in E. cordata and £. Lehmannii ; sub-

corolline in E. oreophila; the corolla exceeds (at least occasionally ) 24 lin. in-

24 ERIcAcEz (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

length in ZL, flewicaulis and E. macrophylla ; stamens irregular in number (40r 8)

in E. filiformis ; anthers terminal or subterminal in LE. Lehmannii, EB. Marlothis,

and rarely so in E. filiformis; sublateral in several species; habit erect, stout,

and rigid in E, strigosa.

1. Diffuse shrubs.

*Anthers included, seldom even manifest ;

Leaves so rolled back at the sides as to appear inflated

or bladdery _... = ava oe ies -«. (182) physophylla.

Leaves broad, more or less flat, open-backed, some-

times concave below :

t+ Anthers aristate :

Anthers 4 lin. long or less:

Corolla-mouth widened :

Corolla obconic-cyathiform ..» (183) oxycoccifolia.

Corolla funnel-shaped :

Bracts remote ... —... «+» (187)leptoclada,var.6.

Bracts approximate... ... (188) trichoclada,

Corolla-mouth contracted or not widened :

Anthers obovate, } lin. long ; sepals

$ lin, long aes) cay ... (176) cymosa,

Anthers short-cuneate, } lin. long ;

sepals 1 lin. long Gi .-. (177) oreophila.

Anthers over 4 lin, long:

Flowers terminal or mostly so, 3-nate ;

bracts approximate... .., ..» (179) heterophylla.

Flowers axillary or mostly so; bracts

usually remote :

Leaves 14-2 lin. long; filaments

broader at the base; flowers pale

parpie ae oak .»» (178) planifolia.

et 3-1} a long; filaments

near ual; flowers yellowish .. (180 tanthera.

+} Anthers mulitoult™ . - we tn

Leaves ovate to subrotund ; pedicels 2-84 lin.

TOU... om nesses aes atw (188) Oxyeocifolia,

inte linear to lanceolate ; pedicels 14 lin.

ong

sve Pe ity gi a ... (187) leptoclada,

_ Leaves oblong; pedicels 6-9 lin. long ... (181) tenuipes.

Leaves narrow, oblong or linear, sulcate, sometimes

subopen-backed :

Leaves generally 4-nate, small and very slender,

about. Pins lowg Wiese GAM) Lee oa 185) myriocodon.

Leaves 3-nate, linear-oblong, 3-4 lin. long -«. (184) tenuicaulis,

_ Leaves 3-nate, linear or lanceolate, 14 lin, long... 187) leptoclada,.

oer eae subincluded or subexserted, generally mani-

est :

seen pcre mouth widened «+ ave (188) trichoclada.

orolla urceolate; mouth coytracted ... .,. ,.. t ifoli

#*#** Anthers exserted : re

T Leaves ovate or lanceolate, open-backed :

mona i aera leaves 3-2 lin. long;

anthers minutely aristate a oes ... (186) brachycen’

~~ remote or lax; leaves more than # lin, ~~ etn

ong : :

Anthers muticons :

Corolla-mouth much contracted ; flowers

mostly solitary :

Corolla much collapsed in the upper

part during flowering ; style stout, = te

uncinate-decurved s+ eve (189) Marlothii,

Erica. } ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 25

Corolla moderately collapsed during

flowering ; style slender, straight (190) oligantha.

Corolla-mouth slightly contracted ;

flowers terminal, 3-nate os ... (191) debilis.

Anthers minutely aristate; corolla-mouth

not contracted; filaments ovate at the

base ... . (192) thimifolia.

++ Leaves linear or setaceous, suleate (not open-

backed) :

Leaves 3-nate :

Bracts approximate : :

Anthers muticous; stamens variable

in number (4-8) we si ... (198) filiformis.

Anthers aristate ; stamens regular 194) Tysoni

Bracts remote, minute ... (199) confusa,

Leaves 4-nate, setaceous, about “ke in. wide 195) aspalathoides.

2. Erect-branched, or scarcely diffuse shrubs.

* Corolla contracted at the mouth :

¢ Anthers muticous:

Bracts remote :

Ovary variably hairy:

Corolla less than 2 lin. long:

Pedicels #14 lin. long :

Inflorescence densely capitate ;

sepals much shorter than

the corolla ... ss ... (207) ocellata.

Inflorescence subcapitate, or

3-nate; sepals Monee sine

to the corolla fe : Ae cordata,

Pedicels 3-4 lin. long 202) latifolia.

Corolla 2 lin. long or more:

Anthers included; leaves 4-nate,

broad-linear eo ie .. (198) flexicanlis.

Authers exserted or subexserted :

Pedicels 4-1 lin. long; leaves

ciliate, hairy above . (206) macrophylla.

Pedicels 2-4 lin. long; leaves

ciliate, glabrous above egy hirsuta.

Ovary glabrous ace 198) flexicaulis.

Bracts all approximate ; anthers far-exserted,

subterminal . (205) Lehmannii.

Bracts 2 approximate, 1 remote ; Yeaves “4enate,

flowers umbellate © a . (198) flexicaulis.

Bracts subremote, very small; "leaves "Benate ;

flowers capitate ... eid wee bei .. (207) ocellata.

++ Anthers aristate :

Sepals foliaceous, 4 lin. long, broad-ovate .. (199) confusa.

Sepals scarious, 1~1} lin. long, ovate-lanceolate .. . (200) grata.

** Corolla not contracted at the mouth:

Anthers muticous :

Filaments spoon-bowl-shaped at the base ... (201) flacea.

Filaments equal or nearly so:

Bracts remote, minute he ¥ = Mundii. —

Bracts approximate, rather large, searious ... (

Anthers pk ate ; at ot wpe cen a . (197) strigosa. —

*** Corolla slightly ‘widened at the mouth, subtubu ar-

Gampanulate iP EO ae ae OR) flacea.

§ 15. Desmia (Conferta, Klotzsch). Inflorescence terminal ; flowers 3-nate,

umbellate or capitate, corolline or subcorolline. — Bracts oe or the lower

26 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hrieca.

sometimes remote or lax, sepal-like, coloured. Sepals ovate or lanceolate, shorter

than. the corolla, subscarious or cartilaginous, coloured. Corolia urceolate,

glabrous, sometimes viscid, 14-24 lin. long; segments short. Anthers sub-

exserted, terminal, muticous.. Style exserted ; stigma capitate. Ovary mostly

glabrous or subglabrous. Leaves mostly 3- (rarely 4-) nate, mostly long and thin.

Straggling or erect shrubs. Allied to § Ceramia and § Pachysa; but distinct

from. both by its terminal anthers.

Leaves 4-nate; heads densely many-flowered ... ... (208) conferta.

Leaves 38-nate; flowers umbellate or clustered, but

scarcely dense or many :

Leaves 5-11 lin. long, acute or acuminate ... ... (209) polifolia.

_ Leaves 3-5 lin, long, obtuse... ... vow ... (210) obtusata,

§ 16. Gypsocattis. Inflorescence axillary towards the ends of .the branches,

rarely also terminal; flowers corolline or rarely subcalycine. Bracts small and

(except in one species) remote. Sepals usually small and inconspicuous. Corolla

urceolate, ovoid or subcampanulate, 1-3 Jin. long, dry, glabrous; limb short or

very short. Anthers exserted or subexserted, rarely subincluded, mostly lateral,

more rarely subterminal, muticous, or (in two species only) aristulate; pore

generally small proportionately to the cell. Generally erect and rigid shrubs,

with 3-4-nate, erect, sulcate (or rarely subopen-backed) leaves.

Exceptions: leaves sometimes subopen-backed in FE. racemosa and E. dumosa ;

flowers subcalycine in E. fucata, and sometimes so in L. scytophylla; anthers

sometimes scarcely exserted in EB. fucata and in E, seytophylla.

Leaves 4-nate ; anthers muticous :

Ovary pubescent; anthers subexserted; leaves

hairy sae ae eS ed as, (SED) PCOmeR.

Ovary glabrous; anthers quite exserted; leaves

subglabrous’... 623) we ews (212) aghillana,

Leaves 3-nate :

Bracts (or 2 at least) quite approximate; anthers

aristate #3 : ai vs ..- (213) petrea.

Bracts remote; anthers muticous :

Ovary pubescent, at least at the top; leaves

sometimes subopen-backed ... ...—... (214) dumosa.

Ovary glabrous ; leaf-back always closed :

Sepals subequal to the corolla:

Pedicels 3-53 lin. long; anthers

muticous ie ier ... (215) fucata,

pe 2-3 lin. long; anthers den- srl

iculate at the base... ... ... (216 hylla.

~ Sepals shorter than the corolla : Sewer

ng hoe 1-14 lin. long; anthers pale-

‘i Ge i’. (217) capillaris.

Leaves 2-4 lin. long; anthers dark- Bon

coloured :

Anthers well-exserted, muticous (218) nudiflora.

Anthers subexserted, squarrose-

denticulate at the base .-. (216) seytophylla. .

corolline, 3-nate, rarely umbellate or clustered. Bracts always small and in-

conspicuous. Sepals usually small, Corolla various, mostly cyathiform, some-

times subcampanulate, suburceolate or ovoid, mostly glabrous, from 2-94 lin.

long. Anthers exserted, subexserted or just manifest, mostly lateral, some-

times subterminal, rarely terminal, muticous or appendiculate. “Leaves 3- (rarely

gg linear-trigonous, suleate, very rarely subopen-backed. Small rigid

§ 17. Pyrontum. Inflorescence terminal ; flowers corolline, rarely sub-

Erica. ] gricacE# (Guthrie & Bolus). 27

EXxcEPTIONS: leaves sometimes 4-nate in E. nutans and E. drakensbergensis ;

sometimes open-backed in E. bicolor; flowers sometimes subcorolline in EF.

paniculata,

Corolla mostly 13-24 lin. long:

Anthers muticous, well exserted e+ wee (219) nutans.

Anthers muticous, subexserted ... ous ... (220) deliciosa.

Anthers appendiculate, subexserted :

_Appendages of anther minute, toothed or

... (220) deliciosa.

single ved wid sie ies

Appendages of anther long-decurrent, with

free points ... (280) unilateralis.

Appendages of anther aristate, entirely

free ves tes, tae, see, os, (221) drakensbergensis.

Corolla not exceeding 1} lin. long, mostly less :

Anthers appendiculate :

Appendages decurrent, longer than the _

cells eas avs ie as ... (230) unilateralis.

Appendages decurrent, much shorter than

the cells... or ies wale ... (229) parvula.

Appendages not decurrent, aristate or

toothed :

Sepals scarious or subscarious :

Corolla much widened from the

base to the mouth ... (224) paniculata,

Corolla not (or scarcely) widened

to the mouth :

Corolla tubular-campanulate,

narrow... es ... (227) opulenta.

Corolla subcyathiform, broad-

faa

Ovary cano-pubescent... (222) decipiens.

Ovary glabrous .» (221) drakensbergensis,

Sepals foliaceous or subfoliaceous :

Corolla 1}-2 lin. long ... _ ... (221) drakensbergensis.

Corolla 1-1} lin. long; anthers

broad, very obtuse ... _ ... (225) bicolor.

Corolla # lin. long; anthers

narrow, tapering to the apex... (228) harveiana.

Anthers muticous :

Sepals scarious or subscarions :

Corolla obconic-cyathiform ... ... (224) paniculata.

Corolla narrow-cyathiform to subovoid

or ovoid-urceolate :

Pedicels 4-1 lin. long; corolla

glabrous oe sa dee

Pedicels 1-2 lin. long; corolla a

very minutely hispidulous ... (223) demissa.

Sepals foliaceous or subfoliaceous :

Sepals coloured; flowers numerous,

bright red, prominent wee ... (226) dioteflora.

Sepals green; flowers few, dull yellow

or red, inconspicuous ves wee (231) brachysepala.

_Imperfectly known species ; anthers muticous ... (232) kra

§ 18. OnopHanes. Inflorescence terminal; flowers 4-nate, sometimes um-

bellate or irregularly clustered, rarely in a congested pseud , corolline.

Bracts generally remote, always small and inconspicuous. small, rarely

as long as the corolla-tube. Corolla various, mostly urceolate, cyathiform or

campanulate, mouth contracted or widened, glabrous, dry, mostly 14-24 (rarely

4-5) lin, long. Anthers mostly included, rarely subexserted, lateral, dorsifixed

(222) decipiens.

28 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [LHrica.

just above the base, or very rarely at or above the middle of the cell, usually

small, often minute, always appendiculate. Ovary mostly glabrous and sessile,

rarely shortly stipitate. Leaves mostly 4-nate, rarely scattered. § Leptodendron

should also be consulted in cases of difficulty.

EXCEPTIONS : inflorescence in EF. aspalathifolia forming a dense pseudo-spike ;

umbellate or clustered in E. pilulifera ; corolla obconie in BE. adequata ; anthers

subexserted or sometimes manifest in E. scabriuscula, HE. gibbosa, H. adxquata,

and H. lateralis; inserted at or near the middle of the cell in HE. bergiana ;

leaves scattered or partially so in E. pilulifera and in E. subulata,

1, Leaves scattered, or partially so.

Inflorescence umbellate, or clustered with some axillary

- flowers below the umbel ... ~ ov wow -» (233) pilulifera,

Inflorescence 4-nate ‘ ow ae ... (234) subulata.

2. Leaves scabro- or tuberculate-hispid. q

Sepals ascending : :

Pedicels 2 lin. long or more; sepals oblong or

lanceolate, 1 lin. long oe i » ... (235) scabriuscula.

Pedicels 1 lin. long; sepals ovate or subovate,

lin. long ... vs < we ee -»» (236) gibbosa.

Sepals reflexed = Sa tee 237) bergiana,.

3. Inflorescence usually, at least partially,

a congested pseudo-spike.

Leaves very narrow, almost hair-like ; flowers some-

SMOG SA aie i irene lic he: oe (238) aspalathifolia.

4, Sepals reflewed.

tee eee

Only species... =... ... (237) bergiana.

5. Anthers subeuserted.

Corolla obconic; mouth widened... —.., in’ ... (239) adequata.

Corolla suburceolate ; mouth contracted or not widened (246) lateralis,

6. Leaves, inflorescence, sepals and anthers

. not as in the foregoing,

Anther-appendages more or less adnate to the upper

part of the filament, or to the produced connective,

a standing out at a right angle, or nearly so to the

Corolla-mouth i ag a :

edicels 6-7 lin, long ; ovary stipitate +.» (240) rubens.

Pedicels 2-4 lin. long ; ovary ‘earite BY egy tot} leta.

Corolla-mouth widened, or not contracted ; sepals

“Tr as the corolla-tube ;

CES CRORE FE Ee Gel sey. (B49 turbiniflora.

Anthers long-decurrent-aristate see oa turbiniflora,var.8.

—- ng a as above described : ;

Anthers subequilateral-triangular, with rounded

angles, 4-$ lin. long (in 242 sometimes 4 lin,

mn, :

Interstices Rater corolla-limb rounded, con-

spicuous inbud-_—,,, ow vee ete viridi: urea.

Interstices of the corolla-limb acute : — ie

Authers crested ; crests fringed or lacerate :

. fae aie lin. long, urceolate ;

imb less than 4 as long as the tube

Corolla 1} lin. long, quhig ibe tnedys 9 Ce

late; limb more than } as long as

dhe ee (249) chionophila,

wae

Erica.} ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus), 29

Anthers aristate; awns not fringed;

corolla 3-1} lin. long :

Corolla-mouth distinctly widened ;

leaves $14 lin. long wee ... (250) quadrangnilaris.

Corolla-mouth scarcely, or very little

widened ; leaves 4-1 lin. long... (251) eyathiformis,

**Anthers suboblong, or cuneate or ovate, always

longer than wide :

Leaves aristate :

Pedicels 14 lin. long; bracts approxi-

mate ; anthers oblong, aristate ... (234) subulata.

Pedicels 2-8 lin. long ; bracts subremote ;

anthers cuneate, cristate iss ... (252) hemastoma,

Leaves not aristate :

Corolla 38-4 lin. long; anthers papillose-

scabrid :

Flowers red or white; anthers some-

what square ... hed ches ... (244) sitiens.

Flowers yellow ; anthers longitudinally

semiovate ... ove ws» ase (245) Blandfordia.

Corolla 2-3 lin. long :

Anthers crested; leaves stout ; flowers

often subumbellate :

Leaves mostly keeled and only

faintly sulcate ... oxi ... (246) lateralis.

Leaves scarcely keeled, deeply

salcate i.) -o w+ wes (247) verecunda.

Anthers aristate; corolla 2-24 lin.

long ; leaves slender ves wee (258) velitaris.

Corolla 1-2 lin. long :

Anthers about + lin. long; leaves

glabrous:

Anthers ovate; corolla-mouth

slightly contracted... ... (254) gracilis.

Anthers elliptical or oblong;

corolla-mouth widened ... (255) leucantha,

Anthers }-4 lin. long ; leaves glabrous

or pubescent :

Anthers oblong, length about

twice the width in the middle.. (256) subdivaricata.

Anthers oblong, length about 4

times the width in the middle .. (259) trichophylla.

Anthers about 4 lin. long; leaves

glabrous : i

Corolla subtubular-oblong, not or

scarcely widened at the mouth, :

white ... ... «. « (257) margaritacea.

Corolla campanulate; mouth

widened... ... .. —--. (258) curvirostris.

§ 19. LepropENDRON. Inflorescence terminal ; flowers 3-nate or solitary,

corolline, very rarely subcorolline. Bracts generally remote, small. Sepals

small, very rarely equal to the corolla-tube. Corolla various in shape, glabrous, dry,

14-3% lin. long, Anthers included, lateral, appendiculate or muticous. Leaves

almost always 3-nate, occasionally also 4-nate, in one species opposite, in another

sometimes so. A very artificial section, which has been separated from

§ Orophanes chiefly by its usually 3-nate flowers and leaves.

Exceptions: leaves, in E. virginalis, so far as known, always opposite ; in E.

rupicola, sometimes 4-nate ; in H. campanulata, sometimes 4-nate, or opposite ;

flowers in E. polycoma, subcorolline. sie, Sil

30 ERIcACcExZ (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

Leaves generally 3-nate, rarely 4-nate or opposite :

Sepals silky pilose; anthers crested; flowers

subcorolline... ves ive ae ... (267) polycoma.

Sepals glabrous or merely puberulous :

Anthers distinctly crested ; ovary glabrous :

Corolla urceolate ; throat contracted ;

leaves glabrous at .-. (264) Vanheurckii.

Corolla campanulate - cyathiform ;

throat not contracted; leaves

tomentose-downy .:. ... ... (266) lachneeoides.

Anthers narrow-crested or subaristate :

Corolla subtubular .., 1... (262) mira,

Corolla broad-cyathiform ... (263) micrandra,

Anthers muticous :

Corolla contracted towards the apex.. (260) rupicola.

Corolla not contracted towards the

apex :

Corolla-segments 3-3 as long as

the tube wi eH ... (261) condensata, var. B.

Corolla-segments less than } as

long as the tube :

Filaments about 2 lin. long,

sigmoid at the apex —..._ (260). rupicola.

Filaments about 4 lin. long,

nearly straight :

Corolla yellow; sepals

scarious, 1}-13 lin.

long ... -» ss» (265) campanulata,

Corolla red; sepals

thick, subcoriaceous,

2-1 lin. long .-» (261) condensata.

Leaves regularly opposite; anthers with small see

crests... ee oe . re nee ... (268) virginalis,

§ 20. Pacuysa (Physoidex, Klotzsch). Inflorescence terminal, occasionally also

pseudo-lateral ; flowers mostly 3—4-nate or umbellate, rarely subcapitate, corol-

line, or rarely with a subcalycine appearance. Sepals 4 as long as the corolla or

less, usually thick and viscid. Corolla more or less viscid, usually ovoid, urceo-

Jate or rarely obconic, generally thick in texture, 1-10 lin. long, mostly from 2-4

lin, Jong. Anthers usually included, rarely exserted, lateral, dorsifixed at or

shortly above the base, appendiculate or rarely muticous, Ovary sessile, or rarely

substipitate. Leaves 3-4-nate, rarely scattered.

EXcEPTIONS : leaves scattered in E. obliqua; inflorescence subcapitate and

flowers subcalycine in E. Fairit 3 corolla obconic, with a very long limb, in

Ey macroloma 3 anthers exserted in E. Alewandri, muticous in EB. odorata ;

ovary stipitate in EZ. obliqua and substipitate in E. macroloma.

1. Flowers terminal, rarely also sublateral (in 286); corolla tl 3 li

long (im 281 var. B, 4 lin.), white, red a eo ie

* Leaves 3-nate :

Authers crested :

Ovary hirsute; anther-crests narrow, de-

carrent, bearded "gc. Qo (281) glomifiora.

a glabrous, or nearly so :

owers umbellate; corolla subglobose (269 ramentacea

; Flowers 3-nate ; corolla ovoid-urceolate (mn) ;

Anthers aristate, or sometimes narrow-crested ;, 2

Pedicels 34-6 lin. long : ses

air es! anther decurrent along the

Hated connective; ovary glabrous .., (273 spectabilis, :

Awns of anther free ; si. poise le nubigenan.

Erica.| ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). 31

Pedicels 2 lin. or less; ovary densely hirsute :

Corolla-tube globose, not tapering to

neck , . (278) formosa.

Corolla-tube ovoid, more or less tapering ‘to

a neck ;

Anthers 24 times longer than the width

in the middle, less than 4 liv. long;

corolla 2-24 lin. long .. (280) tragulifera.

Anthers 3-39 times longer than the

width in the middle, §-% lin. long;

corolla 2}—4 lin. long .. iow . (281) glomifiora.

Anthers muticous, oblong; pedicels short ; ovary

glabrous swe sm ov oe ws . (279) umbelliflora.

** Leaves 4-nate:

Sepals densely floccose-woolly ; stamens included ... (274) floccifiora.

Sepals hispid on the keel only ; stamens exserted (re) Alexandri. |

Sepals glabrous, sometimes ciliate :

Corolla subglobose ; anthers densely and a

hair: ‘ vei soe . (269) ramentacea.

Corolla not subglobose :

Anthers free aristate :

Pedicels 1 lin. long; bracts pet se

mate . (276) frigida,

Pedicels 5-6 lin. long ; ; bracts remote .. . (277) nubigena.

Anthers crested :

Corolla elliptic-urceolate ; —- gla-

brous... . (270) mucosa,

Corolla suburceolate- eyathiform ovary

Wiloms aus. 6 4A) + ats ti . (272) Schlechteri.

2. Flowers mostly terminal, or rarely a few sublateral at the ends of the

branches ; corolla medium-sized to large, white, green, or orange. Usually

stout shrubs.

Sepals linear ; flowers pire sete cee under 1 lin.

long ... .. (234) Fairii.

Sepals not linear ; ; pedicels 14 lin. or ‘Jonger : ;

Anthers decurrent-aristate ; corolla narrow-ovoid ... (285) oblongiflora.

Anthers crested ; corolla globose-urceolate or ovoid-

conical :

Pedicels mostiy less than 3 lin. Jong; compact

small shrub; flowers white... a ... (282) physodes.

Pediceis mostly longer than 3 lin. :

Leaves 4-nate; tall ins be shrub ; flower

.. (283) Urna-viridis,

green ... eee

Leaves 3-nate :

Corolla red or white, 3-4 lin. rg . (287) ardens.

Corolla orange, n-ti 5

long ce (288) blenna.

Corolla orange, green-tipped, 9-10 lin.

long és . (288) blenna, var. B.

Anthers muticous ; stamens very ‘short | Sie ». (286) odorata.

3. Flowers terminal, long-pedicelled, wmbellate or subracemose at the ends

of the branches. Bracts small and remote. Corolla 2-4 lin. long, red,

rosy or white. Mostly slender shrubs.

Ovary sessile, oblate :

Habit decumbent; corolla urocolate-globose, con-

tracted at the mouth ... Pion ene Pee (289) ixanthera,

Habit suberect ; cena a te, wide a

siouth a site ee wae ey age AOU) Oeniaifolia.

32 ERIcacEsx (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hrica,

Ovary stipitate, or at least narrow at the base, prolate :

Son ovoid-urceolate, limb much shorter than the :

tube... — sam ove = owe .-- (291) obliqua.

Corolla obconic, limb equal to or longer than the

ee ee bee ... (292) macroloma.

§ 21. Hermes. Inflorescence axillary, rarely both terminal and axillary,

usually psendo-spicate or pseudo-racemose towards the ends of the branches ;

flowers corolline, rarely subcalycine. Bracts and sepals various, not prominent.

Corolla various, mostly campanulate, obconie or subtubular, usually glabrous,

often viscid, from 13-4 lin. long. Anthers generally included, lateral or sub-

terminal, muticous or appendiculate. Leaves 3-, 4-, 6-nate or scattered. Erect

or rarely prostrate shrubs.

EXcEPTIons : inflorescence both terminal and axillary in E. hemantha; some-

times subcapitate in E. amena ; flowers sometimes subcorolline in E, deflexa ;

and subcalycine in E. pulvinata and EF. collina,

Flowers subsessile in a congested pseudo-spike; pedicels

4-1 lin. long: at

Leaves 6-nate ; anthers oblong, narrow-crested .., (293) empetrifolia,

Leaves 6-nate; anthers elliptical, very broad-

crested enna Saabs eateia vee wi ... (294) pyxidifiora.

Leaves 4-nate; anthers setaceo-aristate ... —.., (296) Dodii.

Flowers pseudo-racemose ; pedicels over 1 lin. long:

Ovary villous:

Leaves filiform, tremulous, 5~7 lin. long, } lin,

broad we --. (33) filamentosa,

Leaves shorter, broader and rigid:

Leaves, pedicels, bracts and sepals hirsute

with long hairs; anthers long-crested-

aristate ... ae ons eee ... (295) amena.

Leaves, é&c., glabrous or pubescent; an-

thers muticous or decurrent-denticulate :

Sepals and corolla more or less pubes.

cent or scaberulous ; corolla nearly

equal to the mouth... sea ... (302) viscaria,

Sepals and corolla glabrous; corolla

usually widened to the mouth _,,, (303) axillifiora,

Ovary glabrous or glabrescent, at most puberulous :

Anthers muticous, or sometimes decurrent-

denticulate:

Corolla subobconie or subfunnel-shaped,

34-6 lin. long, red Res wes te

Corolla subtubular to campanulate, 2~4 lin.

ROR TON a, (301) parilis.

Anthers aristate, or broadish-aristate; awns

free or partly decurrent :

Corolla obconic, widened to the mouth ... (299) longiaristata.

Corolla ovoid, or tubular-ovoid, contracted

tothe mouth... wos ‘ins -.. (17) filipendula.

Corolla various, equal or scarcely widened

or contracted :

Leaves squarrose or spreading, in-

curved above the madiite; fica

subcalycine :

Corolla 14-1} lin. long; leaves

14-2 lin. ot sas ... (306) collina,

Corvlla. 2-24 lin. long; leaves

B65 lis Jog st gaia (305) pulvinata,

(24) conica,

Erica.] ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 33

Leaves not incurved ; flowers corol-

line:

Leaves 3-6 lin. long; branches

and racemes mostly very long... (297) regerminans.

Leaves 1-24 lin. long, flat or

flattish :

Corolla campanulate-tubular,

2-24 lin. long, yellow;

sepals pallid ee ... (300) flavicoma,

Corolla urceolate-campanu-

late, 14-2 lin. long, red;

sepals dark red ... _..,. (298) pulchella.

Leaves 1-1 lin, long, thick, sub-

terete or semiterete; corolla

cyathiform-obconic, 14 lin.

long sceweie acid ... (307) deflexa.

Anthers crested, or narrow-crested :

Inflorescence lax; corolla 34-4 lin. long,

crimson... a8 io s ... (304) hemantha,

Inflorescence dense, pseudo-racemose ;

corolla 2 lin. long aa Ses ... (297) regerminans.

§ 22. Cutorocopon. Inflorescence axillary ; flowers 1-3-nate on the upper-

most branches, occasionally a few also terminal, corolline, very small. Bracts

remote, small, sometimes deficient. Sepals shorter than the corolla. Corolla

cyathiform, campanulate or subobconic, from 3-1 lin. long, Anthers included or

often subincluded and manifest, mostly lateral (in one species subterminal),

muticous, or (in one species) aristate. Stigma capitate, peltate, or subcyathiform.

Leaves mostly 3-nate, occasionally also 4-nate on the same plant, and (in one

species) constantly 4-nate. Mostly small shrubs, but in one species reaching

5-7 ft. high.

Exceptions: leaves occasionally 4-nate in E. coarctata and constantly so in

E. alticola ; inflorescence sometimes terminal as well as axiliary in EZ. Woodii ;

anthers aristate in E. Woodii, subterminal in EZ. mesta.

Leaves 3-nate (occasionally in HE. coarctata 3- and 4-

nate):

siti aristate Se Lah hs Ginna pwn: een ODO), AOE

Authers muticous :

Anthers subterminal; style shorter than the

ovary ... ove ewe oe $s ... (309) mesta.

Antbers lateral or sublateral; style longer

than the ovary :

Corolla cyathiform or campanulate, not

much narrowed at the base; sepals about

4 lin, long:

Corolla-segments shorter or a little

longer than the tube :

Leaves linear, 24-4 lin. long;

pedicels 3-14 lin. long ... (310) coarctata.

Leaves oblong, 14-2 lin. long;

pedicels 13-2 lin. long ... (511) curtophylla.

Corolla-segments 8-4 times longer gs

than the tube vet sue ... (312) Priori.

Corolla obconic, narrowed at the base ; poi

sepals } lin. long... ves ves we (813) leptostachya.

a Perniaasiieen tan a as ie oF oe

Pseudo-spikes short, dense a e ends 0 e.

Sranebed 3 style ie gh gg pee es (314) alticola,

Pseudo-spikes long, lax ow the ends of t

branches; style exserted ... —..- i .- (310) coarctata.

VOL, IV.—SECT. I. 0: a v

34 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). | Hrica.

§ 23. Arsace. Inflorescence terminal, occasionally by arrest of branchlets

appearing axillary; flowers 3-nate, corolline, small. Bracts usually remote,

rarely subapproximate, small. Sepals inconspicuous, small, Corolla urceolate,

cyathiform or campanulate, mostly glabrous, 4-1} lin, long. Anthers mostly

included, occasionally subexserted, lateral or rarely sublateral, appendiculate or

muticous. Style exserted or more rarely included. Stigma capitate, peltate or

cyathiform. Ovary glabrous or hispidulous, Leaves 3-nate; tall, or more |

usually, small shrubs, erect, very rarely diffuse.

EXcEPTIONs: anthers sublateral in E.arachnoidea; corolla sometimes puberu-

lous in H, arachnoidea, E. leuwcopelta var. y, E. copiosa, and E. setacea.

I. PELTATZ.—Stigma peltate or cyathiform.

Corolla urceolate :

Bracts 3:

Leaves open-backed :

Leaves densely white tomentose below ... (316) arachnoidea.

Leaves glabrous... ox it ... (315) hispidula, var. B.

Leaves suleate, usually linear ‘ 315) hispidula.

Bract 1, cartilaginous, semi-amplexicaul ... ... (317) inops.

Corolla usually cyathiform, or obconic or campanulate :

Anthers aristate; bracts subapproximate .., ... (320) salax,

Anthers muticous ; bracts remote :

Leaves glabrous; bracts subequal, quite basal (319) maritima.

Leaves pubescent; bracts unequal, 1 much

larger, 2 minute or wanting ... ve ..- (318) leucopelta.

II, Capirate.—Stigma capitate or clavate-capitate.

Style included ; plant entirely glabrous :

Corolla cyathiform ; anthers aristate :

Pedicels 3-1 lin. long; filaments usually ex-

panded at the base ; anthers }-2 lin. long ... (324) tenuis.

So iy “ick lin. long ; filaments usually equal

throughout; anthers 12 lin. long ... aw (aael wl us,

Corolla globose-urceolate ; mates orestel ov oe (sa1} ertinats,

Style exserted; plant more or less hairy :

Branches floccose with minute plumose hairs :

Leaves roughly setose-hispid es ..» (330) setacea,

Leaves glabrous, or rarely shortly hispid :

Anthers 2 lin. long; appendages very

short, spreading ; stigma large — ... (325) crateriformis.

Anthers 4 lin. long ; appendages long or

short pendulous; stigma small ... +» (326) subverticillaris.

Branches with simple hairs : ee

Anthers muticous : 5

Sepals cartilaginous, pallid, smooth, gla-

brous ; anthers 4 lin. lo i ..» (829) microcodon.

pi mostly foliaceous ; anthers 4-4 lin.

Anthers aiviite or crested aristate : ghee bepegnem

Whole plant densely covered with small

flowers ; leaves 4~—2 lin, long ; anthers

+ lin. long ie sve ve +». (328) onusta.

Habit not so; leaves and anthers usually 4

longer :

ocr mostly glabrous; pedicels

~24 lin. long sts wee vee (822) leptopus.

a hirsute ; pedicels about 1 lin. ioe

Ong 6s

ee Ge Seva 9 40° (927) eoploge.

Anthers unknown; plant slender with very ce

small flowers s pedicels longer than the

corolla; style long-exserted ... 2... (323) minutissima. —

Erica.| ERICACE (Guthrie & Bolus). 35

§ 24. PseUDEREMIA. [Inflorescence terminal, capitate; heads few or many-

flowered ; flowers mostly corolline. Bracts mostly closely approximate, like the

sepals narrow, and most. usually ciliate with rather long plumose hairs. Corolla

urceolate or campanulate, glabrous or pubescent, mostly 1-4 lin. long, in one

species sometimes attaining to 5 lin. Anthers mostly included or rarely sub-

exserted lateral, appendiculate. . Habit various. Leaves 3-nate or 4-nate, some-

times irregular or scattered. Pubescence variable, often characterized by plumose

hairs. All the species (except one) are denizens of the higher mountains.

The section is allied to § Chromostegia, from which it is artificially divided by

a different aspect and the absence of involucrating leaves below the heads,

ExcePtions: flowers subcorolline or subcalycine in E. Cooperi; anthers sub-

exserted in H. Greyit.

Leaves 3-nate (in ZH. Maderi often 4-nate or scat-

tered) :

Toads 10-23-flowered ; corolla 24-5 lin. long ... (832) Maderi.

Heads usually fewer than 10-flowered; corolla

2 lin. long or less :

Anthers long-subulate-aristate; style in-

cluded ies see fet veh .-. (337) oxysepala.

Anthers very minutely toothed; style ex-

serted ts ve sta vs ... (338) Greyii.

Leaves 4-nate (in HE. Maderi sometimes 3-nate or

scattered) :

Corolla pubescent or puberulous :

Not much branched, mostly weak and

straggling .., i “ea ave .-. (334) Solandra.

Much branched, erect :

Stout and rigid; corolla narrow-urceolate,

2-23 lin. long ves vee see (335) Cooperi.

Slender, subflexuous; corolla globose- ,

urceolate, 14 lin. long... ave ... (336) Baurii.

Corolla glabrous : :

Sepals filiform at the base, wider upwards ... (339) clavisepala.

Sepals lanceolate or linear, not wider up-

wards :

Ovary villous or hispid ... ‘iis ... (334) Solandra.

Ovary glabrous :

Branches more or less flexuous :

Branches numerous, slender ;

heads 4-8-flowered .., ... (331) cernua.

Branches few, stoutish ; heads

10—23-flowered, 7-10 lin. in

diam. owe sie ... (832) Maderi.

Branches mostly straight, slender ;

heads 6—28-flowered, 4-64 lin. in

diam. vis sive + ss» (333) spherocephala.

§ 25. PorypEsMra (Séellares, Klotzsch), Inflorescence terminal, capitate or

subumbellate; flowers mostly corolline, rarely subcalycine. Bracts sepal-like,

mostly approximate, rarely remote and minute. Sepals usually narrow, dry or

rarely viscidulous. Corolla suburceolate, or ovoid, glabrous or nearly so, dry or

viscidulous, 13-23 lin, long. Anthers exserted or subexserted, terminal or sub-

terminal, muticous, toothed or decurrent-aristate. Style exserted. Ovary

glabrous or hairy. Leaves 3-6-nate or scattered. Small shrubs.

One species (HE. ustulescens) has the aspect of § Pyronium, having scarcely

either capitate or umbellate flowers, but is retained here by reason of the

similarity of its floral characters to those - the species of this section.

D |

36 eRicaces# (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

Ovary glabrous : ;

Heads densely many-flowered, hemispherical ; leaves ;

incurved .... vis swe eas ave ... (340) incurva.

Heads laxly 5-9-flowered or subumbellate; leaves

straight ‘ ae ni aa vay ... (341) ustulescens.

Ovary hairy :

Leaves 4—5-nate, oblong or subterete; sepals 3 the

length of the corolla ss ies mn ... (342) stylaris.

Leaves 3-nate, lanceolate, flat ; sepals }-3 the length

of the corolla ele ha “é ... (343) turmalis.

IV. CHLAMYDANTHE.

$ 26. CuRomosTEaGIA (Involucratz, Klotzsch). Inflorescence terminal, capi-

tate; heads 4-flowered, usually involucrated by the more or less enlarged and

discoloured floral leaves; flowers calycine. Bracts closely approximate, broader

than the narrow sepals, and ciliate with long hairs. Corolla of various shapes,

1-2 lin. long, puberulous. Anthers exserted or subexserted, terminal or lateral,

appendiculate. Leaves 4-nate, always strongly ciliate. Procumbent or sub-

erect shrubs, generally roughly hairy. All the species belong to mountainous

regions.

Floral leaves only slightly, or not, different from the

cauline ; anthers lateral, aristulate ... re ... (344) eriophoros.

Floral leaves more or less enlarged, and discoloured :

Leaves 1} lin. long; anthers lateral, crested .. (345) senilis.

Leaves 2-3 lin. long ; anthers terminal, crested ... (346) involucrata.

§ 27. Oxytoma (Acutijisse, Klotzsch). Inflorescence terminal ; flowers sub-

sessile, 3-nate or capitate in many-flowered heads, calycine. Bracts approximate

and with the sepals imbricate and closely adpressed to the corolla, coloured.

Corolla short-tubular, slightly inflated, 4-fid, 2-5 lin. long; segments suberect,

gird or acuminate, oun Anthers included, lateral or sublateral, dorsifixed at

e base, muticous. Style exserted; stigmasimple. Ova brous or minutely

hirtellous. Leaves 3-4-nate or seatteneae . efi aur :

This has some resemblances to § Polydesmia.

Leaves scattered (4-6 lin. long); bracts and sepals

nearly equalling or exceeding the corolla ... ... (347) recurvata.

rego yn 3 paige and sepals shorter than corolla;

style di and trancate at the apex «+ vee (348) genistefolia.

Leaves 4-nate ; style fusiform at the apex... ei (549) camniisens,

§ 28. Exiopzsmia (Capitatz, Klotzsch). Inflorescence terminal: flowers

1-6-nate, subcapitate or umbellate, mostly calycine or subcorolline. Bracts

approximate or remote, small. Sepals densely villous or woolly. Corolla mostly

urceolate or campanulate, puberulous or pilose, 14-2} lin. long. Anthers mostly

exserted, or included but manifest, terminal. Style exserted. Ovary more

or less villous. Leaves mostly 3- (or rarely 4- ES

hairy in all parts. y 8- (or rarely 4-) nate. “Small shrubs, more’ or less

EXCEPTION: flowers sometimes subcorolline in E. villosa.

Leaves usually 4-nate, open-backed; flowers laxi

capitate .,. se ENG ee pes --. (350) lana:

Leaves 3-nate, sulcate ; flowers 3-nate or solitary : ee ; *:

Anthers exserted or subexserted ; flowers ovoid |

_ or oblong :

—— pepe oe 3 hairs coarse, not v

ense or very long ... —... vee ove (851

ewan cue or oblong ; hairs fine, very dense ng rte

an ong eee eee of.

Anthers included, just manifest ; fi

+ se ase (352) bruniades,

owers globular (358) capitata.

Erica.] ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 37

§ 29. AMpHOoDEA (Spumose, Klotzsch). Inflorescence terminal, capitate;

heads 3 flowered; flowers calycine. Bracts approximate, like the sepals ad-

pressed, scarious, coloured, very concave, glabrous, dry, 12-24 lin. long;

segments mostly long, acute, erect. Anthers exserted, terminal or subterminal,

Nae Ri i pier Style exserted ; 3 stigma simple. ‘Ovary glabrous. Leaves

nate.

Bracts broad-ovate :

Corolla-segments ovate, acute ; flowers dull whitish (354) sexfaria.

Corolla-segments lanceolate, acute ; flowers reddish (355) spumosa.

Bracts eee Lae corolla- segments lanceolate,

acuminate ., i* at re .. (356) amphigena,

§ 30. Guissosteaia. Inflorescence terminal; flowers most usually 3-nate,

rarely (perhaps in one species) subumbellate, calycine, small. Bracts approxi-

mate, more rarely remote. Sepals prominent, usually enwrapping the corolia,

and as long as or a little ptt a it, rarely shorter or much shorter, coloured.

Corolla various, most commonly urceolate or cyathiform, 1-24 lin.long. Anthers

exserted, terminal or subterminal, rarely sublateral, always muticous. Style

exserted. Stigma capitate or subclavate, small. Ovary most usually glabrous,

rarely scantily pubescent. Mostly small shrubs, 14 ft. high or less; leaves

3-nate.

Corolla about twice as long as the sepals, or longer :

Corolla obconic-tubular, longer than wide ... (357) desmantha,

Corolla subglobose-urceolate, wider than long _... (358) physantha.

Corolla less than twice as long as the sepals :

Corolla depressed below the apex, and contracted

round tue stamens :

Sepals 14 lin. Jong; leaves mostly 3-4 lin. long (368) placenteflora.

Sepals 4-2 lin. long; leaves 1-14 lin. long ... (367) Guthriei.

Corolla not depressed below the apex nor con-

tracted round the stamens ;

Anthers (viewed laterally) obtuse or widely

rounded ;

Leaves (at least the — recurved ;

anthers broad-elliptical . evs .. (364) azalezfolia.

Leaves and anthers not so:

Sepals about equalling the corolla, a

little longer or shorter :

Leaves subadpressed, erect, in-

curved . . (360) involvens.

Leaves spreading, straight or

nearly so:

Sepals transversely wrinkled ;

leaves rugulose or pitted ... (865) sonderiana.

Sepals smooth; leaves not Gare

rugulose or pitted . (369) imbricata.

Sepals much shorter ian the corolla (358) physantha,

Anthers (viewed laterally) acute or acuminate,

rarely subobtuse :

* Anther-cells narrow, 34 times or more

longer than wide :

Corolla a little wider than its length ;

sepals with a thickened marginal

line on either side, converging to

the apex, instead of the usual

median keel . . (366) crassisepala,

Corolla longer than its ‘width ; “keel on

‘the sepals median :

Leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceo-

sie ie lit a (970) triceps,

38 gRIcAcEEy (Guthrie & Bolus), [ Hrica.

Leaves wnarrow-linear or tri-

gonous :

Corolla-segments broad-ob-

long, rounded or sub-

truncate :

Anthers setaceo-acumi-

nate ... vis ... (371) calyculata.

Anthers subobtuse _... (371) calyculata,

Corolla-segments not broad- var. B.

oblon pa me ... (369) imbricata.

** Anuther-cells broad or broadish, 3 times

or less longer than their width :

Style hooked or at least deflexed :

Sepals and bracts usually lax;

flowers somewhat few... .... (859) adunca,

Sepals and bracts usually ad-

pressed; flowers somewhat

numerous s+ ae wee. (369) imbricata,

Style usually straight or nearly so :

Leaves recurved, spreading or

squarrose :

Sepals and corolla minutely

puberulous, or rough _... (363) pogonanthera.

Sepals and corolla glabrous,

smooth, shining ... _... (369) imbricata.

Leaves incurved or straight,

erect or spreading :

Sepals broad-ovate or ellip-

tical ; leaves mostly spread-

ing Si view ie ... (361) chartacea.

Sepals obovate-oblong ; leaves

mostly incurved ... ... (362) suffulta,

§ 31. Exyrrosrecia. Inflorescence terminal ; flowers mostly 3-nate, or

clustered, calycine or subcorolline. Bracts closely approximate, sepal-like,

paleacous or cartilaginous, mostly small. Sepals like the bracts, but larger,

from half the corolla to equal to it in length. Corolla subtubular, cyathiform

or suburceolate, glabrous, dry. Anthers lateral to subterminal, exserted or in-

cluded, muticous or appendiculate. Style exserted, Stigma various, from

subsimple to capitate, cyathiform or peltate. Qvary glabrous. Leaves 3-nate.

Exceptions : Bracts wanting in E. accommodata, var. y, ebracteata; corolla

may be viscidulous in E. accommodata, var. 8, subviscidula.

Anthers included, or just manifest, aristate ... —... (376) diosmeefolia.

Anthers subexserted, or subincluded, muticous or very i

minutely decurrent-toothed :

Branches with plumose hairs oss wes aes (875) lepidota.

Branches with simple hairs ... =... 0, (73) accommodata.

Anthers fully exserted at maturity :

Anthers muticons 4g gg. oe 372) lasciva.

Authers decurrent-aristate ... 5 ma giumefiora.

§ 32. Apacus. Inflorescence terminal, occasionally pseudo- ; rs

usually 4-nate, sometimes subumbellate, calycine. ae terms on eens tae .

approximate, small, Sepals imbricate, adpressed to the corolla, nearly as long as

and almost entirely concealing it, cartilaginous or subglumaceous. Corolla sub-

obeonie or cyathiform, mostly somewhat widened to the mouth glabrous, dry or

subviscidulous, 14-24 lin. long or less; segments longish, sometimes nearly |

equalling the tube, Anthers included or subincluded, lateral, appendiculate. ©

eee eee oe

Style exserted or perhaps occasionally included. Ovary glabrous; ovules com-

Erica.]| ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 39

pressed ; mature seeds unknown. Leaves 4-nate, small. Small woody shrubs of

various habit.

Flowers 2-24 lin. long; anther-crests ample, sub-

orbicular, incised wii ve “we vhs ... (377) Brownleee.

Flowers 1-14 lin. long ; anthers subcrested or aristate,

appendages narrow and small, or very minute ... (878) Caffrorum.

§ 33. LamproTis. Inflorescence terminal, rarely also pseudo-lateral ; flowers

usually 3-nate, often clustered, sometimes pseudo-capitate or pseudo-spicate,

calycine. ‘T'wo upper bracts approximate or remote, the lower basal, wanting or

represented by a floral leaf not adherent to the pedicels. Sepals prominent,

scarious, glabrous, smooth, coloured, from half the corolla to a little exceeding

it in length. Ccrolla mostly suburceolate or conical, more rarely subtabular or

cyathiform, glabrous, usually dry, from 14-10 lin, long; limb spreading

horizontally, or nearly erect or recurved, frequently discoloured or brownish.

Anthers included, lateral, mostly appendiculate, rarely muticous. Style mostly

included; stigma capitete, rarely 4-fid. Ovary glabrous. Leaves 3-nate or

opposite, generally adpressed or erect. All parts of the plant most usually

glabrous, smooth and glossy.—Closely allied to the § Trigemma, and being

separated from it chiefly by secondary characters, is often difficult of distinction.

The ‘stellate-patent” character of the corolla-limb, attributed by former

authors, is not constant, or at least is often obscure, disappearing by the con-

pivance of the segments immediately after maturity, or after gathering, and

therefore generally lost in dried specimens, and, besides, occurs more or less

distinctly in species of other sections, outside of Bentham’s subgenus Stellanthe.

Exceptions: leaves spreading or even squarrose in E. tawifolia; leaves,

bracts and sepals, ciliate in HE. melanacme; inflorescence pseudo -axillary

(apparently always) in E. chlorosepala, sometimes so in E. taxifolia, E. levigata,

and E. nodiflora; flowers somewhat viscidulous in E. nigrimontana and FE,

melanacme ; corolla viscidulous in E. ehlamydijlora ; style exserted in EL. nigrt-

montana. One or two other species have @ slight pubescence on the younger

branches.

A species with the habit of this section (405, EF. lanipes) will be found in

§ Eurystegia.

1. Leaves opposite (sometimes also 3-nate in 382, 394, and 395).

Limb of the corolla concolorous; leaves constantly

opposite : : So

Pedicels pubescent with minutely plumose hairs ... (379) dianthifolia.

Pedicels without plumose hairs :

Corolla-tube inflated ; corolla 5-6 lin. long,

Corolla-tube conical, slightly inflated, slender ;

corolla 3-84 lin. long, white or pallid ... (381) lutea,

Corolla ovoid-urceolate or subconical, 24-3 lin. ae

long, rosy eos ee wisi isd ... (382) tenuifolia.

Limb of the corolla discoloured or brownish; leaves

3-nate or opposite :

Corolla urceolate-tubular or narrow-urceolate,

scarcely inflated below or contracted upwards

14-5 lin. long svt eee es ee ’

Corolla urceolate-subconical, very wide below and j

much contracted upwards, 14-2 lin. long ... (395) nodiflora.

2. Leaves 3-nate (sometimes also opposite in 382, 394, and 395).

Inflorescence psendo-axillary ; flowers solitary below

the ends of excurrent branches; habit prostrate or

decumbent (flowers golden-yellow) «ever oe

(380) borbonizfolia.

(394) corifolia.

(392) chlorosepala.

40 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus), [Hrica.

Inflorescence mostly terminal, only occasionally a few

flowers pseudo-axillary ; habit erect : ‘

Stigma 4-fid, cruciform ch ve ive .-. (389) gnaphaloides.

Stigma capitate, rarely subsimple :

Corolla from 3-10 lin. lung :

Anthers muticous :

Corolla 9-10 lin. long; leaves 4-4}

lin. long; sepals ovate-acuminate .. (388) Alfredii.

Corolla 4-5 lin. long; leaves 14-2

lin. long; sepals oblanceolate... (385) steinbergiana.

Anthers minutely toothed at the base;

sepals unguiculate-spathulate ... -., (384) bracteolaris,

Anthers broad-aristate, awns short and

subulate ; leaves 4-6 lin. long ... —.... (386) taxifolia,

Anthers crested :

Leaves ovate or broad-lanceolate :

Sepals oblanceolate, 3 lin. long ;

anther-crests$aslongas the cell (387) pycnantha.

Sepals broad-obovate, 14 lin.

long; anther-crests 2 as long

as the cell we - --- (391) caledonica,

Leaves linear or linear-lanceolate .. {504) corifolia.

Corolla under 3 lin. (commonly 14-2 lin.) long :

Sepals as long as the corolla, or nearly so :

Pedicels mostly 3-4 lin. long ;_ sepals

not or scarcely spreading :

Sepals straight, naked, dry, apex

concolorous... ....—.., (396) palliifiora.

Sepals incurved at the apex,

ciliate, subviscid, apex darkly

Giscoloured 6800 sauus 5. wad, (398) melanacme.

Pedicels mostly 14-2 (rarely 3) lin.

long ; sepals spreading :

Flowers dry ; style included (394) corifolia.

Flowers viscidulous ; style ex-

serted ... oe aa --. (397) nigrimontana.

Sepals mostly 4, or at most reaching 3, ite

the length of the corolla :

Corolla-limb concolorous or nearly so,

“a brownish :

nthers minutely a: diculate.. (393 levigata.

Anthers a tet Loom en,

Anthers 5-6 times lon

beam their iar ;

crests narrow small... (888) chlamydiflora.

Anthers relatively shorter ee

crests broader :

Corolla subconical, much

widened at the base,

ing down in a fold

at maturity... ... (395) nodiflora, var. B.

Corolla suburceolate or sh mo

subtubular, neither

much wider at the

: nor contracted

at the throat «+. (890 icularis,

Corolla-limb discoloured or brownish ; ae

at the base ae oes --» (395) nodifi

——o suburceolate or subtubu _— ae

dar, no

Erica.) ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus), 4}

§ 34. Evrysrneia (incl. Eurylepsis, Don). Inflorescence terminal, rarely

also axillary ; flowers usually 3- (rarely 4-) nate, or umbellate, calycine. Bracts

approximate or remote, mostly scarious, coloured, sometimes large. Sepals

large and prominent, scarious, cartilaginous or subpetaloid, from half to nearly

as long as the corolla. Corolla various, but never tubular (in 2 species quadri-

partite nearly tu the base), pubescent or glabrous, dry, mostly from 34-11 lin.

long, rarely 2 lin. only; limb erect or slightly recurved. Anthers included,

lateral or sublateral, appendiculate or rarely sometimes maticous. Style in-

cluded, rarely subexserted. Ovary glabrons. Mostly strong-growing, large-

flowered shrubs. Leaves 3- (or rarely 4-) nate, mostly spreading, often long,

rigid and coarse. This section is scarcely separable from § Trigemma, except by

its usually larger flowers.

Excrrrions: leaves adpressed and the whole plant with the aspect of § Lam-

protis, in E. lanipes; inflorescence often axillary in E. Grisbrookii; flowers

4-nate or umbellate in E. papyracea, only 2 lin. long in E. holosericea, var. 6;

anthers muticous in 2. Halicacaba.

Leaves 4-nate; flowers 4-nate, clustered or umbel-

late ... ves oo or ii és --- (406) papyracea.

Leaves 3-nate; flowers 3-2-nate or solitary :

Corolla deeply parted nearly to the base :

Corolla 7-9 lin. long ; bracts approximate (399) lanuginosa.

Corolla 4-6 lin. long; bracts remote... (400) Bodkinii.

Corolla not deeply parted :

Corolla 8-11 lin. long:

Bracts approximate; flowers yellow

or white:

Corolla divided 4 its entire A

length ; leaves 4—7 lin. long ... (401) Halicacaba.

Corolla divided 3-1 its entire .

length ; leaves 2-3 lin, long .. (402) monsoniana.

Bracts remote, flowers rosy ...__.-. (408) nobilis.

Corolla 34-6 lin. long; sepals 24-5 lin.

long:

lewvel closely adpressed ; bracts ;

approximate sey rr ... (405) lanipes.

Leaves erect (but scarcely adpressed)

or spreading ; bracts remote :

Entirely glabrous; leaves glau-

GOUS vst ive Ae .. (404) glauca.

More or less pubescent; leaves

_not glaucous :

Sepals puberulous; corolla :

campanulate-cyathiform .. (407) holosericea.

Sepals- glabrous; corolla

conical-ovoid or globose- : 3

urceolate ... le ... (408) Grisbrookii.

Corolla 2 lin. long ; sepals 14 lin. long ... (407) holosericea, var. 8.

§ 35. ADELOPETALUM.

Only species bed aay ocd es + «ev (400) Nabea,

: lycine, Klotzsch). Inflorescence terminal, or occasionally,

bs arcabasiaeed: a A appearing axillary ; flowers 3-nate or less com-

monly 4-nate, rarely subumbellate, never capitate, calycine, rarely subcorolline.

Bracts approximate or remote, usually small. Sepals mostly large, prominent

and adpressed, seldom imbricate, never entirely concealing the corolla, scarious,

membranous or rarely cartilaginous, glabrous, generally dry, rarely viscidulous,

coloured. Corolia urceolate, cyathiform or campanulate, almost always gla-

brous, occasionally viscidulous, 14-34 lin. long; limb generally more or less

spreading, or recurved, not horizontally stellate. _Anthers included, or rarely

42 ERICACEZ (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

(in one species only) exserted, mostly lateral, more rarely subterminal or

terminal, the cells sometimes stalked upon the low or decurrent connective,

variously appendiculate, more rarely muticous, Style mostly included, more

rarely exserted. Ovary generally glabrous, more rarely lanate or villous; ovules

sometimes flat or compressed. Leaves mostly 3-nate, less commonly 4-nate,

more or less spreading, or more rarely erect-incurved, seldom or never closely

adpressed to the branches, glabrous or rarely pubescent. ‘Tall or small shrubs of

various habit. ‘

EXcEpTions: anthers exserted in E. gracilipes ; subexserted in E. petiolaris ;

terminal or subterminal in £. petiolaris ; subterminal in E. Lycopodiastrum, E.

brevifolia, and HE. acuta.

A. Leaves 4-nate.

Bracts approximate, large, equalling or longer than the

sepals ies Bee bee oe a oe ... (414) gigantea.

Bracts remote or subremote, smaller or shorter than the

sepals :

Style included or subincluded :

Flowers 12 lin. long, subcorolline; ovary

densely villous suis wee oe ... (431) lasiocarpa,

Flowers 2-24 lin. long, calycine or subcaly-

cine; ovary glabrous :

Fiowers terminal ; bracts 2-3 lin. long ... (415) baceans.

Flowers pseudo-axillary and terminal;

bracts 2 lin. long se tye ... (416) irregularis.

Style at full maturity exserted or subexserted :

Sepals ovate, obovate or oblanceolate, nearly

covering the corolla :

Stigma a short filiform point, much narower

than the truncate apex of the style;

anther-crests broad is ie ... (417) affinis,

Stigma subsimple or clavate; anthers de-

current-aristate ... ’ ... (418) propingua.

Sepals lanceolate or lanceolate-linear, not

nearly covering the corolla :

Leaves oblong or lanceolate, 3—4 lin. long,

1 lin. wide we oes ae ... (421) depressa.

Leaves linear, 14-2 lin, long, under $ lin.

wide ve vee vee a ++» (431) lasiocarpa.

B. Leaves 3-nate.

I. Anthers incladed, or subincluded.

1, Anthers muticous,

Petioles at least 4 as long as the blade ... ae «+. (422) petiolaris,

Petioles less than 4 as long as the blade:

Corolla 3 lin. long, urceolate ; sepals 1} lin. long,

small é ‘ Ss fe ste --. (412) crassifolia.

Corolla 3} lin. long, campanulate ; sepals 24 lin,

long ... i oes ee vi wis ... (411) inelusa.

2. Anthers appendiculate,

_Pubescence of the branches floccose with minutely

plumose or barbellate hairs. és bed ..- (410) plumigera.

Pubescence of branches (when present) not floccose :

Corolla 3 lin. long, ovoid-inflated ; anthers crested (429) pumila,

Corolla less than 3 lin. long:

Ovary densely woolly or villous :

Bracts approximate; sepals broad-ovate,

obtuse, pectinate-ciliate; anthers aris-

tate tee soe eee aes vse (427) fimbriata,

Erica. | ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). 43

Bracts remote; sepals lanceolate-acumi-

nate, naked; anthers crested ... we. (419) leucodesmia.

Ovary glabrous :

Anthers crested; crests broad-lanceolate

to suborbicular :

Leaves, bracts and sepals setaceo-

acuminate ... see di ... (425) acuta.

Leaves, bracts and sepals not so:

Auther-cells more or less dis-

tinctly stalked upon the basal

connective... sss wee (420) triflora.

Anther-cells not stalked:

Sepals with a deep depres-

sion at the base; pedicels

24-3 lin. long; corolla

13-2 lin. long... ... (423) selaginifolia.

Sepals not foveolate ; pedi-

cels 14-2 lin. long ; corolla —

2-24 lin, long :

Inflorescence terminal ;

bracts approximate,

2-24 lin. long ... (418) tegulefolia.

Inflorescence terminal

and_pseudo-axillary ;

bracts remote, ? lin. ?

long ... seu ... (416) irregularis.

Anthers narrow-crested or broad-aristate :

Anther-cells more or less distinctly

stalked on the basal connective :

Leaves spreading, 3-5 lin. long; ;

corolla 24 lin, long ... ... (420) triflora.

Leaves erect, closely imbricate,

14-2 lin. long; corolla 1} lin.

long owt ave as af

Anther-cells not stalked on the con-

nective : a) ens Tt

Style exse: 3 Sepals in.

pie ibs aia io ... (421) depressa.

Style included; sepals 13-1} lin. ‘

ct ee ses wat ... (430) Thodei.

Antbers decurrent-aristate; ceils very Ss

obtuse, stalked... we wes ... (426) brevifolia.

II. Anthers exserted.

Flowers pseudo-axillary ... 0 «6 0s) +

_-V. PLATYSTOMA.

§ 87. Potycopon. Inflorescence terminal ; flowers 8-nate, corolline or sub-

calycine, rarely calycine. Bracts small, approximate or remote. Sepals lanceo-

late to orbicular, mostly wide, glabrous, prominent, coloured. Corolla obconic

or broad-cyathiform, glabrous, dry, small, $i lin. long ; segments equalling or

somewhat longer than the tube, rarely a little shorter. _Anthers included or

exserted, lateral, more usually muticous, or (in two species) aristate or occa-

sionally so. Style mostly exserted. Ovary glabrous or hairy, Leaves 3-nate.

Small sh with the aspect of $$ Pyronium and Arsace ; distinguishable

Piooge the rie by its ard sto eesuthen corolla; from the latter by its

broader, more prominent, and always coloured sepals.

Exceptions: flowers sometimes calycine in E. leucanthera, subcalycine in a

few other species.

(428) Lycopodiastrum.

... (424) gracilipes.

44 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hrica.

Style included, rarely as long as the corolla; flowers

yellow... ie a ee) ... (482) leucanthera,

Style exserted ; flowers red or reddish :

Leaves squarrose-recurved, ciliate (at least the

younger)... ei eve oe ‘ ... (488) stenantha.

Leaves not so, not distinctly ciliate ;

Ovary glabrous or subglabrous : :

Anthers aristate ; pore 2 of cell .., ..- (434) consobrina.

Anthers muticous; pore Z of cell . (4389) macrotrema.

Ovary pubescent or bispidulous:

Anthers muticous :

Hairs on the pedicels simple :

Stigma capitellate ie ... (485) nemorosa,

Stigma narrow-obconic-cyathi-

form; anther-pore { of cell ... (439) macrotrema,

Stigma very broad cyathiform-

peltate ; anther-pore % of cell (438) peltata.

Hairs on the pedicels minutely sub-

plumose :

Anthers oblong, obtuse; flowers

#-llin. long ... vee .. (436) floribunda,

Anthers longitudinally semiovate,

acute or subacute; flowers ,

1g lin. long... ibe ... (437) rhodantha.

Anthers aristulate ; stigma capitellate ... (435) nemorosa.

§ 38. Eurystoma. Inflorescence terminal; flowers usually 3-nate, mostly

calycine or subcalycine, more rarely corolline or subcorolline. Bracts and sepals

rarely as long as the corolla, mostly 4-2 its length, cartilaginous or scarious, rigid,

glabrous, dry, coloured. Corolla from obconic to cyathiform or subcampanulate,

mostly wide-mouthed, rarely subglobose-urceolate, glabrous, dry, 1-24 lin.

Jong ; segments erect or spreading, shorter than the tube, or equalling or rarely

exceeding it in length. Anthers included, rarely subexserted, almost always

manifest, lateral, subterminal or rarely terminal, appendiculate or muticous.

Style usually exserted. Ovary glabrous or hairy, Leaves 3-nate or rarely opposite.

EXcEPTIONS: leaves opposite in E. brevicaulis, sometimes opposite in HE,

calycina, var. y, villous-pubescent in B. comata ; flowers corolline or sub-

corolline in E. argentea, E. media, and E. brevicaulis 3; corolla sometimes

cyathiform or subglobose-urceolate in H. lucida, and subcyathiform in FH, media.

1. Leaves 3-nate,

* Ovary glabrous :

recta floccose with subplumose or compound

rs:

Corolla 2 lin. long ;, segments as long as the

tube, white ... és va .. (448) floccosa,

Corolla 14-1} lin. long; segments 3-? as

long as the tube, red FOMK Sy +». (449) Incida.

Branches when hairy having simple hairs :

Leaves 4—10 lin, long ; pedicels 3-5 lin. long (450) mucronata.

Leaves and pedicels shorter :

Sepals as long asthe corolla .., (443) nivea.

Sepals shorter than the corolla :

—- 3 bie ans obovate,

thick, lin. long Si +» (444) lac i

Leaves not so and alzo longer : ee

pt St corolline or subcorol-

ne:

Sepals ovate; corolla

cyathiform; segments

3 as long as the tube .., (440) media, __

wee

Erica.] ERICACE® (Guthrie & Bolus). 45

Sepals lanceolate; co-

rolla obconic; segments

nearly as long as the

tube... des ... (441) argentea.

Flowers calycine or subealy-

cine ;

Anthers lateral ;

Anther-crests subu-

late, entire; sepals

4 as long as the

corolla, or less... (440) media.

Anther-crests broad,

deeply incised ; se-

pals 4-? as long as

the corolla ... (449) lucida.

Anthers generally ter-

minal or subterminal,

or very rarely lateral ... (445) calycina,

** Ovary more or less hairy :

Anthers muticous; leaves villous-pubescent,

tipped with a tuft of hairs iy ... (446) comata.

Anthers appendiculate ; leaves glabrous :

Leaves erect, adpressed ; corolla 14 lin.

long ... bis AES vie oe ... (441) argentea.

Leaves spreading or squarrose ; corolla about

llin, long ... ee see ose .». (447) saxicola.

2. Leaves opposite.

Leaves 3-1 lin. long; pedicels glabrous; ovary : ‘

entircly shortly-villous sen sé ves ... (442) brevicaulis.

Leaves mostly 14-2 lin. Iong; pedicels floccose or

pubescent; ovary hirtellous on the apex or sub- :

glabrous Ye ie Pes: tas pee ... (445) ealycina, var. y.

§ 39. Metasremon (Lophandra, Don; Cornutarwm, Klotzsch). Inflorescence

terminal, or by arrest of the lateral branchlets sometimes pseudo-axillary ;

flowers mostly 3-nate, more rarely umbellate or subcapitate, mostly corolline,

rarely calycine or subcalycine, 1-4 lin. long. Bracts usually mediocre or

inconspicuous. Sepals mediocre, scarious or cartilaginous, coloured, mostly

glabrous, rarely hirsute. Corolla mostly obconic or broad-cyathiform, wide-

mouthed, rarely cyathiform and subequal at the mouth, glabrous, dry, from

1-4 lin. long; segments of various length, Anthers mostly included, very

rarely subexserted, lateral, usually more or less produced at the apex (i.e. mcre

than in other sections) beyond the pore, acute or acuininate, usually roughly

papillose or scaberulous, or coarsely shaggy, mostly muticous, very rarely aristu-

late. Style exserted. Stigma generally small, Ovary glabrous, or more rarely

minutely puberulous. Leaves mostly 3- more rarely 4-nate or scattered,

glabrous, or in one species hispid.

Exceptions: sepals in E. trachysantha densely hirsute ; corolla in EL. trachy-

santha, cyathiform and subequal at the mouth; anthers sometimes subexserted in

E. lavandulefolia ; anther-cells in E. mervata and in E. trachysantha are acute,

but very little produced beyond the pore ; anthers are sometimes very minutely

aristulate in B. cubica.

Note: E. melanthera, a species with anthers produced beyond the pore, as in

this section, will be found in § Gamochlamys (462).

Flowers terminal or axillary, mostly more or less

clustered, umbellate or subcapitate; leaves 3-4-

my ee ord 1 : tly uniformly erect-in

Leaves 1-2 lin. long, mostly uniformly -in- cen

curved; corolla 14-1? lin. long —--- ... (451) seriphiifolia,

46 ERICACES (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hrica.

Leaves 2-5 lin. long, mostly spreading or also :

incurved ; corolla 14-3} lin. long... ... (452) eubica,

Flowers terminal and 3-nate, or axillary towards the

ends of the branches, pseudo-umbellate, lax, not :

clustered; habit Jaxly diffuse “ ese ... (453) tetrathecoides.

Flowers terminal, 3-nate or solitary ; leaves 3-nate :

Ovary more or less hairy:

Leaves linear, sulcate :

Branches and pedicels floccose with

minute subplumose hairs... ... (458) Gillii.

Branches and pedicels pubescent with

simple hairs... sit vee ... (457) lavandulefolia.

Leaves lanceolate, more or less open-

backed :

Sepals glabrous; pedicels 2-25 lin. long (459) nervata.

Sepals densely hirsute; pedicels 4-6 lin.

long ies sa vei ... (460) trachysantha.

Ovary glabrous:

Leaves notably few, spreading, mostly

shorter than the internodes, 3-44 lin.

SE eee ws wees eee, (458) tetrathecoides,

Leaves not so and shorter :

Leaves adpressed, #-1 lin. long; flower-

ing branches mostly long and fili-

form: ies i ese w+ ose (454) humifusa,

Leaves not usually adpressed, erect or

spreading, 1-3 lin. long; branchlets

not long and thin :

Pedicels pubescent with simple

hairs :

Corolla 24-4 lin. long ... (456) moschata.

_ Corolla 1-24 lin. long ... (455) cristeflora.

Pedicels floccose with minute plu-

mose hairs Se -.. (452) eubica,

§ 40. Gamocuiamys. Inflorescence terminal, or rarely (by arrest of lateral

branchlets) pseudo-axillary ; flowers mostly 3-nate, rarely solitary, corolline or

more rarely calycine. Bracts usually small and inconspicuous. Calyx more or

less gamosepalous, scarious or cartilaginous, glabrous or hairy ; segments from

4-} the entire length. Corolla obconic, broad-cyathiform, cyathiform or sub-

funnel-shaped, glabrous, dry, from 14-3 lin. long. Anthers most usually in-

cluded, rarely subexserted, lateral, muticous; in one species distinctly pro-

duced at the apex beyond the pore (as in § Melastemon). Style exserted or

included. Ovary most usually hairy. Leaves 3-nate. Shrubs with the general

aspect of §§ Polycodon and Melastemon, except the first species, which is more

woolly than is usual in these sections.

Exceptions: antber-cell produced considerably beyond the pore in E. melan-

thera (usin § Melastemon); anthers subexserted in E. canaliculata.

Calyx with short white closely-matted tomentum ... (461) Passerine.

Calyx not so:

Stigma peltate or cyathiform ... ... 4. (466) natalitia.

Stigma simple, obconic or capitellate :

Calyx-segments about equal to the tube,

or somewhat shorter or longer, mostly

more or less hairy :

Pedicels and calyx puberulous or gla-

brous; anther produced beyond the

POre = see nee new nee eee, (462) melanthera.

Pedicels and calyx villous; anther not,

or slightly, produced beyond the pore (463) Chamissonis.

Erica.) ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). AT

Calyx-segments about 2-4 times longer than

the tube, glabreus :

Calyx-segments convex, strongly keeled

from the base upwards ts .«. (464) longipes.

Calyx-segments concave or flattish, not

strongly keeled, margins recurved .,, (465) canaliculata.

§ 41. CyatHotoma (Colorate, Klotzsch). Inflorescence terminal; flowers

3-nate, sometimes (by arrest of the branchlets) pseudo-axillary, subcalycine or

subcorolline, Sepals lax, bright-coloured and prominent, more than } as long

as the corolla, or more adpressed and somewhat smaller. Corolla with a sub-

globose, constricted tube and larger, ascending, cup-like limb, or (in one species)

ovoid-urceolate with shorter limb, 2-5 lin. long. Anthers included, lateral, in

two species subprognathous at the base, appendiculate or muticous, Ovary

sessile or stipitate, glabrous. Leaves 3-nate.

A not very natural section even as proposed by Bentham on the two original

species, HZ, Thunbergii and E. Corydalis, which are utterly unlike in habit and

aspect, and have only the single character of a similar corolla in common. To

these we have added a third which is only related to the former in appearance,

sepals and bracts but differs from both in several important characters. We

have associated these rather than make three sections for the three species.

Corolla globose at the base with a large dilated cup-

shaped limb: sf

Sepals lax, dry, bright yellow... sie ... (467) Thunbergii.

Sepals adpressed, viscidulous, horn-colour ... (468) Corydalis.

Corolla ovoid-urceolate with a small limb... ... (469) flavisepala.

Section I. GIGANDRA. (Sp. 1-5.)

1. E. Petiveri (Linn. Diss. Erica, n. 50; Mant. alt. 235) ; erect,

2-3 ft. high; branches stout, with many short mostly curved

branchlets ; leaves 3-nate, spreading or recurved, more rarely erect

and straight, linear, subglabrous, 2-4 lin. long; flowers 1—3-nate,

mostly cernuous ; pedicels 2-2} lin. long; bracts approximate,

ovate, 3-2 the length of the sepals; sepals ovate, oblong or narrow-

lanceolate, acute, scarious, concave, glabrous, 23-3} lin. long, }—} as

long as the corolla; corolla narrow ovoid to tubular, glabrous,

greenish-yellow, orange or reddish, 3-8} lin. long; limb erect,

2-3 lin. long. E. coccinea, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, i. 855, not of Diss.

E. Sebana, Donn, Hort. Cantab. 45, ex Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 395;

Bauer, Exot. Pl. t. 10; Wendl. Eric. Ie. fase. 10,5; Lodd. Bot.

Cab. t. 23; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.621. EH. Sebana, vars. aurantia,

lutea, viridis and spicata, Andr. Heathery, tt. 83, 84, 85, 190, and

Col. Heaths, tt. 55, 56, 57, 129. EH. Sebana, var. nana, Andr.

Heathery, t. 189. E. Sebana, var. lutea, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 266.

E. soceiflora, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 347, E. demissa,

Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 8, not of Klotzsch. EE. baculiflora,

Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 346. E. cothurnalis, Salish. Prodr.

297, and in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 347.—E. africana angustifolia,

etc., Seba, Thes. i. 82, t. 21, fig. 4-

Var. 8, pubescens (Bolus) ; bracts and sepals almost without keel, and cano-

tomentose,

Var. y, intermedia (Bolus) ; flowers frequently so'itary, small, 3-4 lin. long.

E. intermedia, Klotzsch ex Benth, in DC, Prodr. vii. 621.

48 ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

Var. 5, Willdenovii (Bolus); leaves usually shorter and straighter ; flowers

mostly solitary, more rarely 8-nate ; sepals oval or oblong, without keel or nearly

so. E. Petiverii, var. 8, Thunb. Diss. Erica, 21. E. Petiverii, Willd. Sp. Pl.

ii. 394; vars. fusca and lutea, Wendl. l.c. fasc. 9, 35. E.petiveriana, and var.

aurantia, Andr. Heathery, tt. 78, 79, and Col. Heaths, tt. 44,117; Wendl. l.c.

fase. 14, 23. E. Petiveri, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1426; Benth. l.c. 621. LE. follicu-

laris, Salisb., l.c. 848; Rach in Linnea, xxvi. 772.

Var. e, melastoma (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 622); habit of the preceding;

bracts and sepals lanceolate, acuminate, the latter more than half the length of

the corolla, coloured; limb of the corolla oblong, 3 lin. Jong. purple. E. melas-

toma, Andr. Heathery, t. 30, and Col. Heaths, t.387; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 17,

67,t. 25; Lodd. Lc. t. 333.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Drége, 7695! 76961 Var.d: Thunberg.

And cultivated specimens of the type and var, 5!

Coast Rrcion: on mountains from 500-5000 ft.: Tulbagh Div.; near

Tulbagh, Schlechter, 7473! Cape Div.; Table Mountain and other places,

Thunberg, Burchell, 612! 776! Ecklon, 99! Drége! Bolus, 3770! 4568!

Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 5!

Zeyher, 31858! Caledon Div.; near Genadendal and Baviaans Kloof, Burchell,

8627! 7650! 7803! Schlechter, 10308! Klein River Kloof, Zeyher, 3185a !

Swellendam Div.; near Swellendam, Burchell, 7302! Riversdale Div.; summit

of Kampsche Berg, Burchell, 7125! George Div.; between Touw River and

Kaymans River, Burchell, 5768! Var. B: Stellenbosch Div. ; Lowrys Pass,

Burchell, 8246! Hottentots Holland, Niven, 129! Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek, ©

Burchell, 8130! Div.? Bolus, 8086! Var. y~: Swellendam Div., Niven, 127!

George Div.; Outeniqualand, Niven, 128! Div. ? Guthrie, 3015! Var. 3: Cape

Div. ; mountains near Cape Town, Burchell, 553! Cooper, 2681! Wilms, 3449!

Bolus, 4476! Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, Mund, 1! Bredasdorp

Div.; Elim, Schlechter, 7741! Swellendam Div.; peak near Swellendam,

Burchell, 7424! Var. ¢: Caledon Div.; Zwart Berg, near Caledon, Mund, 2!

phe a near Hemel en Aarde, Zeyher, 3186! Bredasdorp Div. ; Elim, Schlechter,

CentraL Recion: Var. e: Ceres Div.; Cold Bokkeveld, Schlechter,

2. E. vestifiua (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 346); erect, 14 ft.

high ; branches ascending, pubescent, covered with shorter branch-

lets and leaf-tufts ; leaves 3-nate, spreading-incurved, linear, slender,

margins inflexed, pilose, 4-5 lin. long; petiole longish, pallid, flat,

flowers solitary (or 3-nate ex Andrews), cernuous; pedicels about

1 lin.; bracts approximate, broad ovate, rigid, paleaceous, glabrous,

2 lin. long; sepals like the bracts, subobtuse, apiculate or minutely

keel-tipped, 4 lin. long; corolla tubular, curved, about 8 lin. long,

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 622. HE. Petiveri, var. hirsuta, Andr.

Heathery, t. 80, and Col. Heaths, t.118. E. picta, Sinclair, Hort.

Eric. Wob. 19. es

Sourn Arkrica: without locality; growi as the basis : gs

Horb, Solisbwrpl aniboulitiaded apccmenst. Arte Ea ee

In floral structure this much resembles E. Petiveri, var. Willdenovii. but the

flowers are usually smaller and the habit and leaves quite different. eine

_ 8. E. lineata (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 622); erect, glabrous

1-1} ft. high; branches subvirgate ; leaves Phe tinkicitace,

erect-incurved, densely imbricate, linear-subulate, slender, 6-8 lin.

long ; inflorescence pseudo-axillary, on very short branchlets ; pedi-

Erica. | ERICACE® (Guthrie & Bolus). 49

cels 4-7-10 lin. long; bracts remote, adpressed, slender, scarious ;

sepals ovate or oblong, subobtuse, flat, not keeled, faintly nerved,

keel-tipped, rigid, scarious, 33-5 lin. long; corolla tubular, slightly

inflated at the base, glabrous, dry, 51—6 lin. long ; limb short, erect.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Mund !

Coast Reaion: Bredasdorp Div.; near Elim, 300 ft., Schlechter, 7712!

hills near Ratel River, 50 ft., Schlechter, 9711!

4. E. scariosa (Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 350) ; erect, gla-

brous, 1-11 ft. high; leaves erect-spreading, crowded, mostly on

very short branchlets; inflorescence strictly terminal, flowers solitary,

sometimes by the suppression of the branchlets pseudo-lateral ;

pedicels 3-4 lin. long; bracts remote, minute ; sepals ovate to ovate-

lanceolate, acute or acuminate, strongly keeled, scarious, 1}—2 lin.

long; corolla ovoid to tubular-inflated, white or rosy, 34+43 lin.

long, 2-21 lin. wide. H. Plukenetit B, Thunb. Diss. Erica, t. 2.

E. Plukenetit, var. inflata, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 22,147,t.55? LE.

Plukenetit, conferta, Wendl. l.c. fasc. 24, 183, t.69?. EH. fustformis,

vare. y and 6, Salish. in Trans. Linn, Soc. vi. 347, EF. Plukenetit, var.

eckloniana, Klotzsch, and var, dregeana, Klotzsch ex Rach in Linnea,

xxvi. 772. E. Petiverii var. 8, Salish. in Thunb. Diss. Erica, ed.

altera, 20, fig. 5, not of Thunb. LE. penicillata, Benth. in DC. Prodr.

vil. 622, not of Andr.

Sovurn Arrica; without locality, Thunberg! Niven! Zeyher, 1090! Dreége,

7694! Bolws, 2964! :

Coast Region: Clanwilliam Div.; Cederherg Range, Leipoldt, 357! and

without precise locality, Zeyher! Mader! Piquetberg Div.; near Twenty-four

Rivers, Zeyher, 1090! Talbagh Div.; Ceres Road, Schlechter, 9084! Worcester

Div. ; Breede River Valley, Bolus, 5114! Paarl Div.; French Hoek Mountains,

1000 ft., MacOwan, Herb. Norm, Aust-Afr., 987! Cape Div.; Muizen Berg,

Harvey !

ORR IRAX, Reaion: Ceres Div.; near the Wagenbooms River, 5500 ft.,

Schlechter, 10151!

We admit this species with doubt. Its principal distinction from EL, Plukeneti

lies in the shorter and proportionately broader corolla, and there does appear to

be a break between the shortest-flowered forms of E. Plukeneti, and the longest-

flowered of this. It is curious, however, that Andrews’ Heathery, t. 135, which

Bentham cites, is clearly E. Plukeneti, with corollas of 64~73 lin. long. The

specimens Bentham had in describing were those collected by Drége, Niven, and

Zeyher (1098), which show corollas shorter than any others, viz. 3-5 lin. long,

and sometimes somewhat globose, nearly 3 lin. in diameter. These are shorter

and broader than any others we have seen. We are obliged to cite Wendland’s

figures with doubt; they are from cultivated specimens, and probably more

luxuriant than any wild ones; in fact, we have not seen any figure fairly repre-

senting the wild plant, which has a distinct facies, but little like that of E,

Plukeneti, and on this account we allow it, with some reluctance, to stand.

[This is the plant figured by Salisbury as “E. Petiverii, var. 8,” and the type

specimen so named from his herbarium, now at Kew, is a branchlet broken from

(as is evidenced by the ends fitting together) the type specimen of E£. scartosa in

Thunberg’s herbarium, on the sheet of which Thunberg has written E.

lukenetii B,” he plant under that name. Salisbury evidently

Plukenetii B,” and has figured the pla ts mes var. BY

made a mistake in copying and publishing the name as ‘‘ £. . ) :”

since the plant so named in Thunberg’s herbarium is LZ, Petiveri, var. Willdenovii,

50 ERIcACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

5. E. Plukeneti (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 356); erect, glabrous,

1-2 ft. high; leaves spreading, usually densely imbricate, linear,

subtrigonous, mostly 6-8 rarely 11 lin. long; inflorescence generally

pseudo-axillary, sometimes obviously terminal; pedicels 4—6 lin.

long ; sepals ovate-lanceolate to narrow-lanceolate, acuminate, keeled,

very concave, 2-5 lin. long; eorolla tubular, more or less inflated

towards the base, 53-9 lin. long, from twice to four times as long

as the sepals, red-orange or whitish. . Plukenetii, var. pinifolia,

Wendl. Beobacht. 45, var. pinea, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 1, 9;

vars. interrupta and inflata, Wendl. Beobacht. 46 and Eric. Ic.

Jase. 2, 21, and fase. 22, 147,t.55. EH. Plukenetia, Andr. Heathery,

t. 186; vars. nana and albens, Andr. lc. t. 1389, 187, and Col.

Heaths, t. 47, 256. E. plukenetiana, Bauer, Exot. Pl. t. 9; Lodd.

Bot. Cab. t, 1274. EH. Plukenetii, Berg. Descr. Pl. Cap. 91;

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 622. E. penicillata, Andr. Heathery, t.

135, and Ool. Heaths, t. 116, not of Benth. ; Lodd. l.c. t. 1918.

E. fusiformis, Salish. Prodr. 297, and in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 345.

Ei. adenostoma, Kuntze in Linnea, xx. 38,

Var. B, bicarinata (Bolus) ; sepals § as long as the corolla, with a deep median

channel down the keel. E. revolvens, Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 631,

Var. 7, brevifolia (Bolus); leaves 23-3} lin. long, crowded, subsquarrose ;

oe short, about 4 of the 8-9 line long corolla; lateral branchlets very

short.

SourH AFrica: without locality, Drége, 7692! 7693a! Zeyher, 1089! and

cultivated specimens! Var. B: Thom, 611! Herb. Salisbury !

_ Coast REGION, common, ascending from 20-5500 ft.: Clanwilliam Div.;

Koude Berg, Schlechter, 8743! Tulbagh Div.; Witsen Berg, Burchell, 8689 !

Mitchells Pass, Schlechter, 8942! Paarl Div.; Great Britain Park, Wilms,

3444! Cape Div.; Table Mountain and other localities, Thunberg, Ecklon, 102!

275! MacOwan, Herb, Norm. Aust.-Afr., 6! Burchell, 554! 281! 8410!

8574! Bolus, 2116! 2963! Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland, Mund,

4! Stellenbosch, Niven, 138! Caledon Div. ; Burchell, 7954! Schlechter, 5416!

7845! 10399! Zeyher, 31848! Bolus, 5115! Swellendam Div.; peak near

Swellendam, Burchell, 7885! Var. B: Bredasdorp Div. ; Elim, 2500 ft., Schlechter,

7743 | Caledon Div.; Baviaans Kloof, Burchell, 7767 ! Niven, 231! Swellendam

Div. ; near Swellendam, Mund, 3! Div.? Guthrie, 4575! Var. 7: Piquetberg

Div. ; Piquetberg Range, Schlechter, 5208!

Chiefly variable in the size of its flowers, and the relative proportions of the

sepals and corolla. Mr. G. F. Scott-Elliot observed that this species was

abundantly visited on the hills near Cape Town by a “‘sugar-bird ” (Nectarinia

chalybea). He says, “ The distance from the extremities [of the anthers] to the

base of the flower is 16 lines, which is exactly the length of the beak of N.

chalybea. . » »«. « « The bird always seizes the branch below the flowers and

exhausts one branch before going to another. It is an important article of

ag the birds, as it blooms practically all the year,” (Ann. Bot. iv. 269-

Section IT. DIDYMANTHERA. (Sp. 6-11.)

6. E. monadelphia (Andr, Col, Heaths, t. 38); erect, 12-18 in.

high ; branches subvirgate, or spreading, stout ; leaves 3-nate, sub-

erect and imbricate, or squarrose, linear-trigonous, blunt, 12-22 lin.

long ; inflorescence mostly 1-2-flowered; flowers éreet or cernuous ;

pedicels 1} lin. long; bracts broad-ovate, obtuse, suleate-keeled, thick,

rigid, coloured, about half as Jong as the sepals; sepals like the

Lyrica.] FRICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 51

bracts, but. narrower, about 23 lin. long; corolla-limb short, erect,

entirely crimson, 2-2} times the length of the sepals; filaments

x lin. wide, slightly broader than the 21 lin. long linear anther,

slightly curved at the articulation with it. Andr. Heathery, t. 129;

Benth, in DC. Prodr. vii. 622; Willd. Sp. Pl. ii.396. FE. furfurosa,

Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 348.

Coast Rraton: Cape Div. ; Simons Bay, MacGillivray, 441! Caledon Div. ;

Klein Houw Hoek, Niven, 130! Klein River Mountains, Zeyher, 3187! Hermanus,

Guthrie, 4124! Bredasdorp Div.; Elands Kloof, 1200 ft., Schlechter, 9750!

near the mouth of Ratel River, Bolus, 8509! Riversdale Div.; above the water-

fall at Garcias Pass, Burchell, 7002! also cultivated specimens !

Bentham remarks that the younger filaments are submonadelphous, whence

the name. We have not observed this; perhaps it is less. frequent in wild

specimens,

7. E, Banksia (Andr, Col. Heaths, t. 5, and Heathery, t. 105) ;

procumbent; branches stout, flexuous, rigid, brittle, cano-pubescent,

6-9 in. long; leaves erect-spreading, imbricate, broad-linear, acute,

thick, pallid, somewhat glossy, 2-4 lin. long; flowers mostly cer-

nuous; pedicels 1 lin. long or less; bracts ovate, acute, keeled, rigid,

thick, concave, 3-4 lin. long; sepals like the bracts but more

scarious and more acuminate (sometimes “‘ very unequal,” Bentham),

3-6 lin. long ; corolla 7-10 lin. long; tube rosy, white or yellowish ;

segments erect or spreading, acute, sometimes discoloured ; filaments

1 lin. wide; anthers somewhat spathulate, cells at length very

divaricate ; ovary villous with white hairs, sometimes glabrescent.

E. Banksii, Willd. Sp. Plant. ii. 395 ; Bauer, Huot. Pl. t. 29;

Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 14, 21; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 623. £.

aristata, Salisb. Prodr. 292. E. fragilis, Salisb. in Trans. Linn.

Soe. vi. 346. E. pilifera, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 350 ; Rach

in Linnea, xxvi. 772.

Var. 8, purpurea (Andr. Heathery, t. 106) ; corolla-limb bright purple; pore

of the anther shorter; ovary glabrous. Andr. Col. Heaths, t.151. HE. mona-

delpha, Curt, Bot. Mag. t. 1870, not of Andr. EH. banksiana, Paxt. Mag. vii.

243, with plate. :

Sours Mack without locality, Thunberg, Mund! and cultivated specimens

of the type and var. B! :

Ctaee Baas: Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland Mountains, Zeyher,

3189! Niven, 131! Masson (ex Salisbury). Caledon Div.; mountains near

Lowrys Pass, 1800 ft., Guthrie, 2025! Houw Hoek, 3600 ft., Schlechter, 7572!

Bolus, 5457! Var. 8: Caledon Div.; on Babylons Tower, Guthrie, 4092!

8. E. primulina (Bolus); procumbent, much branched, under

1 ft. high; branches spreading, flexuous, rigid, brittle, cano-puberu-

lous, glabreseent, 3-6 in. long; leaves 3-nate or somewhat irregular,

crowded, spreading or suberect, incurved, oblong, subobtuse, thick,

flattish above, rounded and deeply suleate below, pale grey-pubescent,

3-4 lin. long; flowers 2-3-nate, subcernuous, pedicels copiously

woolly, 13-2 lin. long; bracts approximate, imbricating the sepals,

unequal, ovate, acute, concave, subscarious, ciliate, 2-23 Jin, long ;

sepals erect, adpressed, in opposite pairs, the lower imbricating the

upper, oblong or narrow-ovate, aaa concave, keel-tipped, sub-

ae E

52 ERICACE® (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica,

scarious, ciliate, pallid, 21-3 lin. long; corolla trumpet-shaped, from

a narrow base widening upwards, straight or curved, nerved, glabrous,

dry, pale-primrose, about 9-10 lin, long; segments erect, ovate or

oblong, obtuse, about + the length of the tube ; filaments linear,

about 1 lin. wide, slightly widening and becoming reddish-brown at

the apex, with a small tooth-like projection on either side below the

anther; anthers subexserted (in our specimens which may probably

not be quite mature), oblong, subobtuse, cells becoming somewhat

divaricate, about 12 lin. long, pore 2 as long as the cell; style

subexserted or manifest; stigma turbinate; ovary subobconic,

glabrous.

Coast Reason: Ladismith Div. ; on rocky mountain slopes of the Klein

Zwartebergen, near Seven Weeks Poort, 3250 ft., Marloth, 2937 !

This has the habit of Z. Banksia, but more nearly the floral structure of F.

viridiflora, yet is well distinguished from either. It is one of the few species

which straggle far inland, the only known station being about 70 miles from the

nearest coast. It bears a remarkable superficial resemblance to HE. Mawimiliani,

which grows not far from the present, but still further (83 miles) from the sea.

The habit of the two is different, but a small frustule of either may be easily

mistaken for the other. The anthers afford a ready means of distinction.

9. E. viridiflora (Andr. Heathery, t.299); 3-4 ft. high; branches

ascending, stout; leaves erect-spreading, imbricate, linear, acute,

glabrous, 21-4 lin. long; flowers cernuous; pedicels 14 lin. long;

bracts lanceolate, acute, scarious, 3-4 lin. long; sepals like the

bracts, but acuminate, ciliate, 4-6 lin. long ; corolla-tube equal or

widening upwards, glabrous, dry, green, 11-13 lin. long ; limb erect

or spreading; segments oblong, 21 lin. long; filaments narrow,

iin, wide ; anthers sublateral, spreading, linear, with a short spread-

ing appendage at the base, or more rarely muticous; ovary glabrous.

Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 287; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 917; Benth. in DC.

Prodr, vii, 623. EH. clavata, Andr. Heathery, t. 208, and Col.

Heaths, t. 159. :

Coast Region: George Div.; mountains near George, 1600 ft., Guthrie

3657 ! Bolus, 8672! Pappe! Montagu Pass, 2500 ft., Schlechter, 5801!

E. clarata, Audr., differs chiefly from having been described and figured from

a plant not fully developed, except as to its muticous anthers, in respect of which

it is probably variable. :

10. E. sphenanthera (Tausch in Flora, 1839, 626); leaves

4-nate, erect, linear, acute, glabrous, + in, long; inflorescence

axillary, below the ends of the branches, secund ; flowers cernuous ;

pedicels 1 lin, long; bracts approximate, ovate, acuminate, scarious,

nerved, rigid, glabrous, 2} lin. long; sepals ovate, cuspidate, keel-

tipped, scarious, rigid, glabrous, coloured, 4 lin. long ; corolla tubular,

glabrous, dry, 10} lin. long, including the erect obtuse 22 lin. long

limb-segments ; anthers exserted, subterminal, linear, apex obtusely

rounded, muticous, 1}~2 lin. long; ovary glabrous.

oe Arrica? Described from a specimen without indication of origin

ly cultivated and a hybrid), preserved in th i f iversity |

ot Prague, which we have fat A aS age 4

Erica.] ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 53

11. E. cerviciflora (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 362) ; branches

somewhat slender; leaves 4-nate (?), sub-6-nate or scattered, erect-

spreading, linear, acute, l-nerved above, sulcate below, subglabrous,

about + in. long; pedicels puberulous, about 2 lin. long ; bracts

subapproximate, lanceolate, acute; sepals lanceolate, acuminate,

glandular-ciliolate, 2-2} lin. long; corolla tubular, slightly inflated

in the middle, narrowed at the throat, glabrous or minutely puberu-

lous, about 1 in. long; segments slightly spreading, obtusely

rounded; anthers exserted (Salisbury), (included according to

Bentham, but the filaments in the type are certainly longer than

the corolla-tube), sublateral, eells bipartite, at length somewhat

spreading above, muticous or decurrent-denticulate ; filament just

below the anther dilated into a small point on either side ; ovary

glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 664. E. inaperta, Hort. ex G.

Don in Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 3, 429.

Coast Region : Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland, Mulder !

A singular species only known to us from the type in Salisbury’s herbarium at

Kew. In a note on the ticket the author observes: ‘‘I do not know any to

which it is allied; the peduncles are certainly axillary in the upper leaves, not

alternate with them. In appearance it does not differ much from EZ, mellijtua

[E. eruenta, Soland]. The anthers resemble those of E. grandiflora, muticous,

but with a rudimentary spur on the filament, almost as in HE. hottoniaflora [E.

eubica, L.].” The shape of the anther is, however, remarkably like that of

E. viridiflora, and in spite of its lateral inflorescence it is, perhaps, better placed

here,

Section III. PLEUROCALLIS. (Sp. 12-35.)

12. E. mammosa (Linn. Mant. alt. 234); erect, 1-4 ft. high ;

branches generally few, ascending, sometimes virgate, leafy above,

naked below; leaves 4-nate or scattered, erect-spreading, linear-

lanceolate, subacute, 3-5 lin. long; flowers in a loose or congested

raceme ; pedicels 1-2 lin. long; bracts remote, small; sepals ovate,

acute, keeled, scarious, 1j—2 lin. long ; corolla tubular, slightly

inflated, glabrous, dry, 4-foveolate at the base, 6-12 (mostly 8-10) lin.

long, purple-red, scarlet or white ; limb short, erect, concolorous ;

- anthers included, lateral, oblong or cuneate,

filaments capillary ; f I

mostly with a sharp basal point in front, about 1 lin. long, aristate,

awns of variable length ; ovary glabrous. Andr. Heathery, tt. 124,

125 (var. minor), and Col. Heaths, t. 33, and 184, not of Thunb. ;

Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 125, 951 (var. pallida). Benth. in DC. Prodr.

vii. 624. E. abietina, Berg. Pl. Cap. 105; Thunb. Diss. Erica, 42,

not of Linn. E. laxa, Lam. Encycl. i. 480, not of others. E. verti-

cillata, Andr. Heathery, t. 48, and Col. Heaths, t.66; Lodd. Bot.

Cab. t. 145, not of Berg. E. quadrifossa, Salish. Prodr, 293. B.

coralloides, Hort. ex Tausch in Flora, 1834, 600. E. speciosa,

Schneev. Ic. Pl. Rar, t. 3.

Thunberg, and cultivated specimens ! ©

Sourn ArRrica: without localit, :

Baws se sea level to 4600 ft.: Piquetberg Div. ;

Coast RxrGION, common i

Zeyher, 1087! 1088! Paarl Div. ; Drakensteen Mountains, MacOwan, Herb.

Nee AbibcAlt s

7{ 7b! Paarl Mountain, Drége! Cape Div. ; on hills and flats,

54 ERICACE® (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Lrica.

Burchell, 551! 704! 8540! Bolus, 2951! 3354! Stellenbosch Div.; near Jonkers

Hoek, Burchell, 8309! Caledon Div.; Baviaans Kloof, &c., Burchell, 7786!

7582 ! Bot River, Zeyher, 1075!

YenTRAL Recion: Ceres Div.; Cold Bokkeveld, Schlechter, 10115 !

13. E. broadleyana (Andr. Heathery, t. 206, not of Benth.) ;

erect, 11 ft. high, apparently quite glabrous ; branches numerous,

ascending ; leaves 3-nate (in the description, or 4-nate in the figure),

fascicled, erect-spreading, linear, acute, incurved, glabrous, 4—5 lin.

long ; flowers solitary, pendulous, forming a loose pseudo-raceme in

the middle of the branches (or perhaps sometimes at the end of short

branchlets?) ; pedicels coloured, curved, 3-5 lin. long; bracts remote,

nearly basal, small], coloured; corolla inflated-tubular, much con-

tracted at the mouth, red-purple, 7-81 lin. long; segments small,

erect, yellow; anthers included, lateral, oblong, muticous ; filament

with a double sigmoid curve above the middle ; ovary cylindrical,

sessile, glabrous. Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 154.

Sout ArFrica: locality and collector unknown.

The type of this species is Andrews’ figure above cited, which exhibits a very

distinct plant we have nowhere met with. Bentham mistakenly identified with

this a specimen of Thom’s in herb. Kew, which on dissection proved to be, with- |

‘out doubt, a form of E. filipendula, Benth. The author noted its want of

agreement with Andrews’ figure and framed his description partly upon the

specimen and partly upon the figure, placing it in § Bactridiwm. We have

confined ourselves to the figure and description. It is impossible to see in

Andrews’ figure whether the inflorescence is terminal or lateral. But the ovary

is so very different from that of the other species of § Bactridiwm that it seems

more properly a member of this section.

14. E. bowieana (Lodd. Bot.- Cab. t. 842); branches virgate,

10-12 in. long, with dense pseudo-racemes of flowers below the ends

of the branches; leaves 4-nate, squarrose to recurved, crowded,

oblong or lanceolate, acute, sulcate, thick, glabrous, 2-21 lin. long ;

pedicels glabrous, about 3 lin. long; bracts remote, small, ovate-

rhomboidal or suborbicular, subacute, keel-tipped, scarious, 2-21 lin.

‘long; corolla tubular asymmetrically inflated, mouth contracted,

oblique, white, glabrous, dry, 8-10 lin. long; limb ereet, short ;

anthers included, oblong, sharply prognathous, about 1 lin. long,

aristate; awns about as long as the cells; ovary very shortly

stipitate, glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 624. EH. Bowia,

Sinclair, Hort. Bric. Wob. 4. -E. Bauera, Andi. Heathery, t. 252,

Col. Heaths, t. 221. HE. Bowerii, Donovan in Nat. Repos. iii.

(1824) ¢. 83.

Soutn Arkrica: without locality, Herb. Banks in British Museum, Also

cultivated specimens !

Coast RxGion: Riversdale Div.; Aasvogel Berg, Galpin, 3564! ree

near Riversdale, Hewitt in Herb. Bolus, 30071 g, Galpin, 3564! moun

15. E. gilva (Wendl. Beobacht. 48) ; erect, glabrous, 11-3 ft.

high; branches stout, ascending, leafy ; leaves 4-nate, erect-spread-

ing to squarrose, imbricate, often flexuous, lanceolate-linear, acute,

3-5 lin. long ; inflorescence lateral, mostly solitary, though some-

Hrica.] ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 55

what crowded, rarely subterminal ; pedicels decurved, 2-5} lin. long ;

bracts subremote, ovate, scarious, 2-22 lin. long ; sepals rhomboid-

oval, acute, keeled, scarious, 3 lin. long, greenish ; corolla tubular,

slightly asymmetrically inflated, mouth somewhat contracted, more

or less deeply 4-foveolate at the base, glabrous, dry, 6-12 lin. long,

white or greenish-white ; limb a somewhat darker green ; anthers

nearly as in EH. bowieana, but somewhat wider; ovary sessile, gla-

brous. Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 13, 13; var. angustata, Rach in

Linnea, xxvi. 773. EH. alveiflora, Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc.

vi. 366. E. gelida, Andr. Heathery, t. 24, and Col. Heaths, t. 96.

Coast ReGion: Cape Div. ; on the Devils Peak and Table Mountain, 2000-

3000 ft., Niven, 204! Bolus, 4567! Guthrie, 1520! Treleaven in MacOwan,

Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1761! Wilms, 3435! Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated

specimens !

16. E. sessiliflora (Linn. f. Suppl. 222); erect, 1-11 ft. high;

branches ascending, densely leafy ; leaves 6-nate or scattered, erect-

spreading or incurved, imbricate, linear or subulate, acute or acumi-

nate, often mucronate, glabrous or pubescent, ciliate or naked, 2-7 lin.

long ; inflorescence generally a dense congested spike, thickening and

persisting long after the fall of the corolla; pedicels always very

short and stout; bracts and sepals closely adpressed, usually similar

in shape and texture, from rhomboid, orbicular-spathulate, or broad-

obovate to unguieulate-spathulate (the lamina small, ovate, acute),

oblanceolate, and narrow-oblanceolate, ciliate or naked, rarely lacerate,

scarious, nerved, pale coloured or at length deep red, from 13~3 lin.

long ; corolla tubular trumpet-shaped, mostly narrow at the base and

widening upwards, rarely more equal, glabrous, dry, green to greenish-

white or yellowish-green, 8-15 (usually 10-12) lin. long; limb

small, erect; anthers usually included, sometimes just visible, sub-

ceuneate-oblong, prognathous at the base, with a more or less sharp

deflexed point, 3-1 lin. long, aristate ; awns variable, usually shorter

than the cell; ovary sessile, glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii.

625. . cephalotes, Willd. ex Steud. Nomen. ed. 2, i. 570, not of

Thunb. E. spicata, Thunb. Diss. 48, t. 4; Andr. Heathery, t.

45, and Col. Heaths, t. 61; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 2, 27 ; Lodd.

Bot. Cab. t. 1203. E. favosa, Salish. Prodr. 298, and in Trans.

Linn. Soc. vi. 365.

Var. 8, claveflora (Bolus) ; sepals broadly rhomboid, orbicular-spathulate or

obvi margin are, 3-34 lin. long, 23—3$ lin. wide. _&E. sessiliftora, Andr, t.

86, and Col. Heaths, t. 180, E. claveflora, Salish. in Trans, Linn, Soc. vi.

365.

Var. y, oblanceolata (Bolus) ; sepals oblanceolate, ciliate or naked, about

23 lin. long. : oe e

- Var. 3, sceptriformis (Bolus); sepals broadly spathulate, margins lacerate.

BE. peared ys Salish oa? E. enneaphylla, Rowb. ew Salisb. in Trans.

Linn. Soe. vi. 365. E. spicata, Thunb., var. ciliata, Benth, in DC. Prodr. vii.

: Paarl Div.; French Hoek, Niven, 207! Cape Div.; on

- potiathini-aidooy Thuaborg, Solin, WAB61 and $0: Harb. Now, Aust fr; AT!

56 ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hrica.

Stellenbosch Div.; Lowrys Pass, Mund, 8! Caledon Div.; on mountains,

Burchell, 7719 ! 8104! Zeyher, 3176! Drége, 7707a! Bolus, 5343 4 Schlechter,

7583! George Div.; Keurbooms River, Burchell, 5130! Knysna Div. ; various

localities, Burchell, 5197 ! 5854! Bolus, 2886! Humansdorp Div.; near Kromme

River, Drége, 7707b! and cultivated specimens! Var. B: Caledon Div.? top of

hills (Houw Hoek?), Niven, 17! Herd. Salisbury! Var. y: Div. ? Guthrie,

3795! Var. 6: Tulbagh Div.; Witsen Berg, Burchell, 8652! Roode Zand, Niven,

208! Herb. Salisbury (at Kew)!

We adopt the older name of Linnzus the younger, and have little hesitation in

grouping the several forms above described. The type and var. ‘y almost pass into

each other by gradations ; var. 8 is more distinct, but it differs chiefly in its broader

sepals, It appears to have been described by Salisbury, and figured by Andrews,

from cultivated plants ; it is scarcely possible in a group where the sepals vary so

greatly to rely upon them for specific differences. We have dissected eight

gradations of form as indicated in the text above, without finding any other

uniformly correlated differences of any weight. ‘The mere greater or less width

of the corolla is of even less value.

17. E. filipendula (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 663); glabrous,

1-2 ft. high; branches erect, subvirgate, bearing in their upper

portion a somewhat lax pseudo-raceme of flowers; leaves 4-nate,

erect-spreading, not densely crowded, linear, acute, somewhat round-

backed, 3-5 lin. long; pedicels 3-4 lin. long ; bracts remote, nearly

basal, small; sepals lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, keeled, acute,

scarious, 13-2 lin. long, whitish; corolla ovoid to ovoid-urceolate,

canary-yellow, 4 lin. long, mouth somewhat contracted, texture

papery, glabrous, dry, finally brownish; limb short, erect; anthers

included, oblong, bilobed at the base, prognathous, and sometimes

sharp-pointed, about % lin. long, aristate ; awns nearly as long as the

cells; ovary on a short stipe.

Var. 8, major (Bolus); sepals broadly ovate; corolla tubular-urceolate to

inflated-tubular, 5-9 lin. long; ovary somewhat long-stipitate. E. broadleyana,

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 637, not of Andr. ;

Var, y, minor (Bolus) ; like the preceding but the corolla smaller, hardly

3 lin. long, white, becoming pink near the apex; anthers slightly or scarcely

prognathous at the base; ovary substipitate or contracted at the base.

SourH Arrica;: without locality, Bowie! Var. 8: Thom, 1094! and cultivated

specimen !

Coast RuGion: Bredasdorp Div.; hills near Elim and Ratel River, 300-

400 ft., Guthrie, 3785! Bolus, 8450! Var. B: Bredasdorp Div. ; fairly abundant

on the downs between Elim and Ratel River, 300-600 ft., Guthrie, 3786! Bolus,

8452! Schlechter, 7618! 7726! and in MacOwan, Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1920!

Var. y: Bredasdorp Div.; between Elim and Ratel River, 200-800 ft., Guthrie,

3784! Bolus, 8451! Schlechter, 10472; here also apparently belongs Zeyher,

1090, of which the locality is unknown to us,

These three forms, unlike as they appear at first sight, can hardly be separated

specifically. Beyond the size and colour of the corolla there is scarcely anything

to distinguish them excepting a small difference in the length of the stipes of the

ovary, a very variable character, where it exists, throughout the genus. They

afford a fresh example of the cases, which a larger supply of material has brought

to light, of the connection and gradation between supposed species with long-

and others with short-flowered corollas which have hitherto been placed in

different sections. In this instance the affinity is shown with § Hermes, and

_ other cases occur in E, casta and E. coccinea, in this section ; besides several in

_§ Evanthe, There is a considerable resemblance between our var. 8 and E. gilva, —

and E, mammosa, and the almost identical shape of anthers in all three, as well —

Erica. | ERICACEEZ (Guthrie & Bolus). 57

as in the type and var. y, leaves little room for doubt as to the true position of

this species,

18. E. grandiflora (Linn. f. Suppl. 223); erect, robust, 3-5 ft.

high ; branches ascending, sometimes virgate; leaves 6-nate or

scattered, erect-incurved, spreading or squarrose, linear, acuminate,

round-backed, glabrous, 8-10 lin. long; inflorescence generally

crowded towards the ends of the branches; pedicels about 2 lin.

long; bracts subremote or subapproximate, linear, about 1} lin.

long ; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, scarious, glabrous, 1-3 lin. long ;

corolla attenuate below, glabrous, viscidulous or dry, 12-14 lin.

long, orange-red; limb erect; segments semi-ovate, bluntly acute;

stamens far exserted; anthers subterminal or sublateral, obovate-

oblong, the long wide pore (from 4% to nearly the full length of the

cell) giving an ear-like appearance ; cells often bipartite from below

the base, muticous, 1-14 lin. long; ovary most usually minutely

puberulous with reversed hairs, more rarely glabrous; Bauer, Exot.

Pl. t. 8; Bot. Mag. t. 189; Andr. Heathery, t. 117, and Col.

Heaths, t. 26; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 498 ; var. longifolia, Wendl. Eric.

Ie. fase. 6, 5; var. monstrosa, Rach in Linnea, xxvi. 774. EF,

strictifolia, Klotesch in Linnea, ix. 646. . strictiflora, Steud.

Nomencel. ed. 2,1. 580. E. spectabilis, Waitz. Beschr. Heid. 220.

Sourn AFrica: without locality, Thunbderg. Also cultivated specimens!

Coasr Region: Ceres Diy.; near the Breede River, Masson (ex Salisbury),

Mitchells Pass, 1200-1800 ft., Bolus, 4400! Guthrie, 2285! Schlechter, 9958 !

Worcester Div. ; on Matroos Berg, 5200 ft., Marloth, 2211!

19. E. exsurgens (Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 22); characters of £.

grandiflora, except: size somewhat smaller, habit sometimes more

diffuse ; sepals longer (5 lin.) and more acuminate; corolla dry,

more uniformly widening upwards, with larger lanceolate more acute

and more spreading segments; stamens less exserted. <Andr.

Heathery, t. 20; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 835; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

627; var. minor, Andr. Lc. t. 21, and var. longifolia, Andr. Le. t.

215. E. grandiflora, var. brevifolia, Wendl. Eric, Ic. fase. 7, 7.

ER. pharetraformis, Salish. Prodr. 295, and in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi.

361. LE. acutiflora, Tausch in Flora, 1839, 626.

Var. 6. diffusa (Bolus); branches more diffuse and straggling; corolla

viscid. : . :

ding from the Flats to 3000 ft.: Tulbagh Div. ; Tulbagh

ee eee eee Bains Kloof, Bolus, 4054! Schlechter, 9197 {

Div. ; near :

he cele tra Bolus; 5395 { Paarl Div.; French Hoek, Niven, 195! M iss Fair

in Herb. Bolus, 6321! Stellenbosch Div., Burchell, 8340! 8370! Drége! Bolus

Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 10! 11! Schlechter, 7808! Caledon

Div. By sane ihe MacOwan, Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1717! Also cultivated

specimens ! Var. 8: Riversdale Div.; Platte Kloof, Tygerberg, without collector’s

i Govt. Herb.

a ae the aeandivg, of which it ought perhaps to be regarded as a

variety.

90. E. longisepala (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect, virgately branched

with largish glossy leaves and verticillate flowers with corolla

58 ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). | Hrica.

scarcely longer than the green sepals; branches reversedly puberu-

lous, 10-12 in. (or more) long; leaves 6-nate or sub-6-nate, erect-

incurved, densely imbricate on the upper part of the branches,

broadly linear, subacute, glabrous, 5 lin. long; inflorescence some-

what crowded below the ends of the branches; pedicels stout,

puberulous, about 3 lin. long; bracts subremote, one infra-median,

two supra-median, foliaceous, 33 lin. long; sepals foliaceous, linear-

lanceolate, subacute, keeled, concave, rigid, glabrous, 43 lin. long ;

corolla tubular-inflated, viscidulous-puberulous, about 5 lin. long;

limb short, generally erect ; anthers subexserted, subterminal, obliquely

tapering to the filament, semi-ovate, scarcely ear-like, about 1 lin.

long, minutely decurrent-denticulate for about % lin. below the cells ;

ovary cylindrical, lobed, puberulous; style 4-gonous, puberulous ;

stigma capitate,

Coast Rucion: Clanwilliam Div. ; without precise locality, Mader! in the

Cape Govt. Herb.

A very distinct species connecting the sections Pleurocallis and Hermes ; it

forms a link between HE. grandiflora of the former, and EZ. viscaria, var. B,

decora and EH. parilis of the latter. It is described from a single, but excellent,

specimen ; though there is some ground for suspecting that it may not be qnite

fully developed, in which case the corolla might become somewhat longer, and the

stamens more fully exserted.

21. E. Hibbertia (Andr. Heathery, t. 118) ; stout, erect, 1-12 ft.

high; branehes ascending, puberulous; leaves 6-nate, spreading-

ineurved, imbricate, linear, blunt, glabrous or minutely puberulous,

glandular-ciliate, 3-4 lin. long ;_ inflorescence vertieillate towards the

ends of the branches, sometimes apparently terminal ; pedicels

viscid-puberulous, about 5 lin, long; bracts, two approximate, one

remote (in our specimen and in Andrews’ figure, but, according to

Bentham, all remote), linear, about 3 lin. long; sepals oblong or

lanceolate, subobtuse, concave, thick, rigid, foliaceous, glabrous,

viscid, pallid, 3 lin. long, about 1 lin. wide ; corolla clavate-tubular,

slightly curved, glabrous, extremely viscid, 12-15 lin, long by 2 lin.

wide, red with a green erect limb; anthers subincluded, lateral,

oblong, muticous, about 1 lin. long ; ovary very shortly substipitate,

with prominent glands alternating with the bases of the filaments,

glabrous. Andy. Col. Heaths, t. 172. 4H. hibbertiana, Ait. Hort.

— ed, 2. ii. 378 ; Bot. Mag. t. 1758; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

Micon tt taal ee Div. 5 high rocky places near the Zondereinde River,

iven > in clayey soul, near the eastern end of French Hoek P, ss

Bolter, 5168!- Also cultivated specimens ! sg setae di

This species shows an affinity with those of the section Bactridium.

22. E. purpurea (Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 50 ; erect, virgatel

branched, 9-3 ft. high ; leaves sub-6-nate, Bete Tie or preter

spreading to squarrose, linear, acute, glabrous, 4~7 lin, long ; flowers —

Hrica.| ERICACEA (Guthrie & Bolus). 59

verticillate towards the end of the branches; pedicels about 1 lin.

long ; bracts subapproximate to subremote, linear, acute, scarious,

13 lin. long; sepals lanceolate or . linear-lanceolate, acuminate,

foliaceous above, submembranous below, glabrous, about 3 lin. long ;

corolla clavate-tubular, curved, glabrous, dry or viscidulous, red or

red-purple, 10-12 lin. long; anthers subexserted, lateral, oblong,

muticous, pallid, pore more than half the length of the cell, about

1 lin. long; ovary cylindrical, longer than wide, often or always

shortly stipitate, glabrescent. Andr. Heathery, t. 81; Wendl. EKric. Ic.

fasc. 15, 39, t. 15; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 627. E. phylicefolia,

Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 364. EH. formosa, Andr. Heathery,

t. 114, and Ool. Heaths, t. 94, not of Thunb. EE. Salisburia, Andr.

Heathery, t. 288, and Col. Heaths, t. 271, . pinea, var. purpurea,

Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1259, not of Thunb., nor of Wendl. EE. acutifolia,

Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 651? EE, rigidiuscula, Wendl. ex Klotsch in

Linnea, ix. 647. E. coccinea, a, Thunb. Herb. ex Rach in Linnea,

xxvi. 774. EH. superba, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 2, 340.

Coast Reeton, frequent, ascending to 3500 ft.: Cape Div.; region of Cape

Town, &c., Thunberg, Burchell, 455! Niven, 179! Drége! Bolus, 4475! 4516!

Wilms, 3439! MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 192! Stellenbosch Div. ;

Hottentots Holland, Mulder! Lowrys Pass, Galpin, 3526! Also cultivated

specimens !

CrentRAL REGIon : Ceres Div.; Cold Bokkeveld, Schlechter, 8878!

Allied to E. coccinea and EZ. annectens, from either of which it may be dis-

tinguished by the sepals. The best figure of the plant, as known to us in its wild

state, is Andr. Heathery, t. 114.

Mr. G, F. Scott-Elliot observes of this species: ‘‘ I have often seen the flowers

visited by Nectarinea chalybea [a species of ‘ sugar-bird ’] at Wynberg Butts and

Muizenberg, Owing to the upward curvature the bird has to seize the branch

above the tlowers and suck them head downwards, ‘This is an advantage to the

flower, as self-fertilization is quite impossible, while in E. Plukeneti it must

occasionally happen.” (Ann. Bot. iv. 270.)

23. E. coccinea (Berg. Descr. Pl. Cap. 92); erect, 2-3 ft. high ;

branches ascending, thickly pubescent ; leaves 6-nate, erect-spread-

ing or squarrose-upeurved, crowded, linear, acute, stout and rigid,

glabrous, 5-6 lin. long ; inflorescence verticillate, crowded at the

ends of the branches ; pedicels 2-3 lin. long; bracts from approxi-

mate to remote, oblanceolate, acuminate, nerved, viscid, pubescent,

ciliolate, 2-3 lin. long; sepals like the bracts, villous, gland-

margined, very viscid, 4-5 lin. long; corolla tubular, widening

upwards, slightly curved, pubescent, or sometimes glabrous, viscidu-

lous, bright red, 10-13 lin. long; limb erect, minutely erosulate ;

anthers included, sometimes becoming subexserted, sublateral or

lateral, oblong, somewhat narrowly ear-shaped with a. wide pore,

muticous, a little more than 1 lin. long; style thinly puberulous ;

ovary very shortly stipitate, minutely and reversedly puberulous.

Bauer, Exot. Pl. t. 25; Andr. Heathery, t. 57, and Col. Heaths, t.

13; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 3,9; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1375; Benth. in

DC. Prodr. vii. 627, and others, not of Linn. EH. frondosa, Salisb.

60 ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

Prodr. 296, and in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 364. E. pulviniformis,

Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 364.

Var. B, echiiflora (Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 627) ; sepals obcuneate, cuspidate,

villous ; corolla 5-8 lin. long; anthers subterminal, smaller, about 4 lin. long,

scarcely ear-shaped, dark coloured. LE. cephalotes, Thunb. Diss. Erica, 21. E,

echitflora, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 364. EH. echiflora, var. purpurea, Andr. Heathery,

t. 260, and Col. Heaths, t.164. E. glandulosa, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 18, 5, not

of Thunb. E. ostrina, Lodd. lc. t. 1218. EH. puberula, Klotzsch in Linnea, ix.

629; Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 625. E. coccinea, Thunb, Diss. Erica, 28, en

Rach in Linnea, xxvi. 773.

SoutH AFgIca: without locality, Forster! Berg! and cultivated specimens!

Var. B: Thunberg, and cultivated specimens !

Coast Region, frequent on mountains from 800-3000 ft.: Cape Div.;

around Cape Town, Thunberg, Burchell, 99! 582! 8429! 8508! Drege! Ecklon,

277! Bolus, 2966! 3366! Wilms, 34388a! Wolley Dod, 178! 2124! Swellendam

Div.; near the River Zondereinde, Zeyher, 1084! Var. B: Cape Div. ; Devils

Peak, 2000-3300 ft., Bolus, 37721 and Herb. Norm. Aust. Afr., 1891! Wilms,

3437! Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland (ex Salisbury), Mulder !

Allied to Z. purpurea and E. annectens, but generally distinguishable from

either by its sepals, and the indumentum of its ovary. Of E. puberula, Klotzsch,

we have seen specimens in Herb. Kew of Mund and Maire so named by Bentham,

which are probably authentic. These, as also Klotzsch’s description, agree very

well with var. echiiflora.

24. E. conica (Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1179) ; erect, 1-12 ft. high;

branches subvirgate ; leaves 4—6-nate, mostly erect-incurved, more

rarely spreading, linear, acute, glabrous, 4-6 lin. long ; inflorescence

crowded towards the ends of the branches; flowers usually erect or

ascending ; pedicels less than 1 lin. long; braets subapproximate or

remote, linear, 1} lin. long; sepals ovate-lanceolate, acuminate or

cuspidate, keeled, keel broadly cuneate at base tapering upwards,

viscidulous, green, 2-3 lin. long; corolla subobconic, sometimes

subcampanulate, narrow-tubular in the lower half, then somewhat

suddenly and obliquely widened upwards, oblique at the apex,

viscidulous, red, 1-3 in. long; limb erect; anthers ineluded,

subterminal to sublateral, semiobovate, muticous, dark-coloured,

about # lin. long; style glabrous, included’; ovary turbinate, sessile

or substipitate, puberulous, glabrescent. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

664. H. coccinea, Berg., var. breviflora, Rach in Linnea, xxvi.

774. ere

Coast RecGion: Cape Div. ; mountains near Cape Town, 1200 ft., Bolus,

3715! 7949! above Tokay Plantation, Wolley Dod, 1280! Also cultivated

specimen ! ;

A species precisely upon the meeting-point of the present section and § Hermes.

We place it here because of its close affinity with 2. coccinea, var. echiiflora,

from which there is little to separate it, except the habit. Loddiges’ figure is

good. It has a strong external resemblance to E. avilliflora, Bartl.

25. E. pinea (Thunb. Diss. Erica, 23, not of Andr..nor Wendl.) ;

erect, 1 ft. or more high; branches stout, rigid, often flexuous ;

leaves sub-6-nate, or scattered, densely imbricate, erect-incurved,

_ lanceolate-linear or linear, acute, round-backed, glabrous, 6-8 lin.

long; flowers crowded at the ends of the branches ; pedicels 14 lin.

Hriea.| ERICACEA (Guthrie & Bolus). 61

long; bracts, 2 approximate, linear, 22 lin. long, the third medial

and smaller; sepals linear from an ovate base with subscarious

margins, acute, foliaceous, glabrous, 23-32 lin. long; corolla clavate-

tubular, slightly curved, glabrous, dry, yellow, or white, 10-12. lin.

long; anthers subexserted or subincluded, lateral, oblong, basifixed,

muticous, from 2—1 lin. long, pore about 4+ the length of the cell;

ovary turbinate, shortly stipitate, glabrous. H. aurea, and var.,

Andr. Heathery, t. 153, 204, and Col. Heaths, t. 76, 149; Benth. in

DC. Prodr. vii, 628, :

Var. 8, argentiflora (Bolus) ; sepals somewhat shorter, 2} lin. long, the base

proportionately broader, the linear foliaceous part shorter; corolla white ; ovary

sometimes puberulous. EF. argentijlora, Andr. Heathery, t. 202, E. purpurea,

var, argentiflora, Benth, in DC. Prodr, vii. 628.

Var. y, viscosissima (Bolus); sepals shorter, shortly’ acuminate ; corolla

more viscid. EH. aurea, Andr., var. viscosissima, Benth. in DC. Prod. vii.

628.

Sourn ArFRicA: without locality, Thunberg, Drége, 7705b! and cultivated

specimens ! : a

Coast REGION, on mountains 1000-2000 ft.: Tulbagh Diy. ; vicinity of

Tulbagh, Niven, 184! Scott Elliot, 20! Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drége !

Bains Kloof, Schlechter, 9197! 10254! Paarl Div.; Drakensteen Range, Mac-

Owan, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 9! Caledon Div.; Baviaans Kloof, Burchell,

“798! Var. 8: Paarl Div.; French Hoek, Miss Fair in Herb. Bolus, 6320!

Niven, 185! Schlechter, 10275! Var. y; Paarl Div.; French Hoek, Masson,

120!

We owe to Rach’s paper on the examination of Thunberg’s collection of heaths

(Linnea, xxvi. 774) the identification of Andrews’ E. aurea with this species.

That E. argentiflora belongs here is shown by its anther with small pore, as well

as by its sepals. The species may readily be known from HF. purpurea by

the anther pore alone; from EB. annectens, by the shape of the anther, besides

other characters.

26. E. hesseana (Wendl. ex Klotsch in Linnga, ix. 634) ; erect,

11 ft, high; branches verticillate, densely covered with leaf-sears ;

leaves squarrose, 4~5-(rarely 6-)nate, lliptic-linear, subobtuse,

glabrous, 1% lin. long ; inflorescence axillary, verticillate, crowded at

the tops of the branches ; pedicels pubescent, 1 lin. long; bracts

approximate, linear; sepals adpressed, lanceolate, obtuse, glabrous,

thick, subfoliaceous, 2 lin. long; corolla clavate, glabrous, purple,

9 lin, long; limb short, erect, crenulate ; anthers exserted, lateral,

elongate, cells parted to the base, muticous; stigma simple, obtuse,

ovary turbinate, puberulous.

Sourn Arrica! without locality, Hesse. ;

We only know this plant from Klotzsch’s description which we have condensed

and cited above,

27, E. annectens (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect, 1 ft. high; branches

spreading, diffuse, but stout and rigid; leaves 4-6-nate, spreading-

recurved, subulate, subobtuse, glabrous, 3-5 . lin. long ; inflorescence

both terminal and lateral, flowers 4-nate or -verticillate ; pedicels

striate, glabrous, 1 lin.; bracts strictly remote, but approximate in

62 -—-BRICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hriea.

aspect, subulate, foliaceous, about 3 lin. long; sepals narrow linear

from a short ovate scarious base, foliaceous, keeled, 31 lin. long;

corolla tubular, subequal, curved, glabrous, viscidulous in the lower

part, red, 10-12 lin. long; limb erect, 1) lin. long; anthers sub-

included, lateral, dorsifixed, semiovate, dark coloured, muticous,

about 1 lin. long; style glabrous; ovary broadly turbinate, wider

than long, shortly stipitate, glabrous.

Coast Rea@ion: Cape Div. ; mountains near Kalk Bay, Guthrie, 1002!

This species, from its inflorescence, might be placed in either of the sections

Pleurocallis or Evanthe ; in its leaves and general aspect it seems better included

here. It isallied to HE. purpurea and EF, coccinea, but the sepals and anthers are

quite different from either ; also to E. pinea, from which it may be known by its

more spreading and blunter leaves, and smaller, differently set and shaped

anthers ; lastly, to EZ. hesseana, from which it is to be distinguished by its longer

sepals, shorter anthers, &c.

28, E. regia (Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 630); erect, 2-3 ft. high ;

branches straggling, somewhat slender, except on the smaller

generally denuded of leaves ; leaves 6-nate, erect or slightly spread-

ing, imbricate, linear, blunt or subacute, round-backed, glabrous or

minutely puberulous, 3-6 lin. long; inflorescence verticillate, mostly

towards the ends of the branches, somewhat lax; flowers spreading

or pendulous; pedicels 13-23 lin. long; bracts from subapproxi-

mate to remote, linear, small; sepals lanceolate to ovate, acuminate,

keeled, thick, rigid, glossy, 13-2} lin. long; corolla broadly tubular,

subequal, contracted at the mouth, more or less viscid, crimson,

about 7-9 lin. long by 2 lin. wide; limb small, spreading or recurved,

crispulate ; anthers ineluded, lateral, basifixed, oblong, somewhat

prognathous, convex at the base, muticous, pallid, %~1 lin. long ;

ovary turbinate, villous with copious erect grey hairs. Benth. in

DC. Prodr. vii. 626.

Var, B, variegata (Bolus); corolla white or pink from the base shading to

purple, red and occasionally green towards the summit.

Var. , Williana (Bolus) ; pedicels somewhat longer, 2} lin. long; inflorescence

looser ; corolla shorter, }-4 in. long, of various colours (mostly crimson) but not

variegated ; anthers somewhat shorter and narrower.

Coast Recion: Bredasdorp Div.; near Zoetendals Vlei, Miss Joubert ; hills

near Elim, 150-500 ft., Guthrie, 37961 Schlechter, 7667! Will in MacOwan,

Herb. Aust-Afr., 1728! var. 8: Bredasdorp Div. ; hills near Elim, 300-400 ft.,

Pappe, 60! Bolus, 6754! Guthrie, 2862! Will in MacOwan, Herb. Aust.-Afr.,

1718! Schlechter, 7621! var. y: same locality, Guthrie, 8788! Bolus, 8448 !

Schlechter, 7680! Will in MacOwan, Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1719!

The var. B, locally known as ‘‘ the Elim heath”? is of great beauty, but d

appear to have been ever cultivated in England. ' = ee he

29. E. casta (Guthrie & Bolus); erect, 1-11 ft. high; branches

virgate, slender; leaves 6-nate, erect, imbricate, linear, subacute,

keeled, glabrous, 1—1 in, long ; inflorescence verticillate towards the

ends of the branches ; pedicels viscid, puberulous, about 1 lin. long ;

bracts approximate, linear, less than 1 lin. long ; sepals lanceolate,

Erica.) ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 63

subacuminate, sulcate, keel-tipped, glabrous, viscid, pallid or reddish,

2-3 lin. long; corolla tubular, unequally inflated in the upper part,

mouth widened or contracted, attenuated at the base, glabrous,

more or less viscid, white or pale rosy, 5-7 lin. long by 1-12 lin.

broad; limb-segments less than 1 lin. long, subereet, not imbricate

at the base; anthers included, lateral, basifixed, oblong, not prog-

nathous, muticous, dark-coloured, 3—2 lin. long; ovary villous with

ereet white hairs.

VAR. 8, breviflora (Guthrie & Bolus) ; sepals ovate, acuminate; corolla cyathi-

form or obconic, about 4 in. long.

Coast Ree@ion: Bredasdorp Div.; maritime downs and hills near Elim,

about 300 ft., Guthrie, 3719! Bolus, 6752! 6762! 8446! Var. 6: Bredasdorp

Div. ; hills near Elim, 300 ft., Guthrie, 3790! Bolus, 8449! 8460!

Closely allied to E. regia, the chief difference, besides that of colour, being in

the usually coarser and stouter leaves, corolla more attenuated to the base, the

limb less spreading, and the absence of a projecting base to the anther in this

species, The two species are each abundant, grow very near each other, and

though the look of extreme forms is different, we propose the species with some

doubt, The var. breviflora, had it stood alone, would naturally have been placed

in the § Hermes,

30. E. Marie (Guthrie & Bolus); apparently a rather large shrub,

with rigid subvirgate branches ; leaves 6-nate, erect, mostly imbricate,

broadish linear, blunt, suleate, glabrous, about + in. long ; pedicels

puberulous, 2-22 lin. long; bracts 2 subapproximate, one remote,

linear, 1 lin. long; sepals ovate, acuminate, thick, glabrous, red,

about 22 lin. long; corolla tubular, subequal, slightly curved, mouth

not contracted, glabrous, dry, red, 10-12 lin. long; limb short, erect

or somewhat spreading ; anthers included, lateral, basifixed, oblong,

not prognathous at base ; cells somewhat ear-like, pale brown, about

1 lin. long ; ovary turbinate, densely villous except in the lower part

with long pale silky hairs.

Coast Reaion: Riversdale Div.; at Milkwood Fontein, 600 ft., Galpin,

3565 !

This species, with E. regia and EF. casta, forms fairly well-defined group of

the section. It connects with the next group through EF. onosmaflora. From

E. regia it is most readily known by its longer, more erect corolla, not con-

tracted at the mouth, with less spreading limb, and anthers not prognathous at

the base. We name the species in honour of Mrs. E. E. Galpin of Queenstown.

81. E. vestita (Thunb. Diss. Eric. 22) ; ereet, virgately branched,

1-22 ft. high ; leaves 6-nate, crowded, erect to spreading, tremulous,

slender, linear-subtrigonous, acute, glabrous, 3-1} in. long, scarcely

1 lin. wide ; petioles pallid, capillary, 1;-2 lin. long, 7y-y'5 lin. wide ;

pedicels 11-4 lin. long; bracts from approximate to remote, mostly

small; sepals linear from an ovate base, acuminate, foliaceous, 4—5

lin. long; corolla clavate-tubular, mouth more or less widened,

straight or curved, more or less pubescent, dry, white, yellow, rosy

or crimson, 2-1 in. long; limb erect or slightly spreading; anthers

included, subexserted, or rarely exserted, dorsifixed at or shortly above

64 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica,

the base, oblong, more or less curved, 3] lin. long, muticous or

decurrent-denticulate on the filament very near the apex; pore about

1 the length of the cell; ovary turbinate, deeply lobed, villous on the

upper half, usually glabrous below. Bauer, Hxot. Pl. t. 26;

Benth. in DO. Prodr. vii. 626. FE. vestita, vars. incarnata, rosea,

alba, purpurea, carnea, and lutea, Andr. Heathery, tt. 97, 98,

147, 198, 246, 247, and Col. Heaths, tt. 68, 69, 138, 139, 215. £.

vestita, var. purpurea, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 10,7; Lodd. Bot. Cab.

#.217; var. alba, Wendl. l.c. fase. 12, 3, and Lodd. l.c. t. 24353 var.

coccinea, Wendl. 1.c. fasc. 11,5; var. formosa, Wendl. l.c. fasc. 23,

167, ¢. 63, and vars. carnea and blanda, Lodd. Lc. tt. 1696, 1716.

E. pinifolia, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 362. H. eckloniana,

Tausch in Flora, 1839, 625.

Var. f, fulgida (Andr. Col. Heaths, ii. t. 137, and Heathery, ii. t. 96);

anthers exserted; ovary entirely silky or puberulous. EH. fulgida, Sinclair, Hort.

Eric. Wob. 11; Benth. in DOC. Prodr. vii. 626; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1633. E.

mera and E. speciosissima, Klotzsch in Linnea, ix. 644, 645, LE. vestita, var.

coccinea, Andr. Heathery, t. 199, and Col. Heaths, t. 70.

Sourn AFRICA: without locality, Thunberg, Masson, 122! Zeyher, 3169 !

Niven, 182! and cultivated specimens! Var. B: Mund & Maire, Lichtenstein

(ex Klotzsch), and cultivated specimens !

Coast REGION, on mountains 600-5000 ft.: Tulbagh Div. ; Witsen Berg,

Burchell, 8729! Caledon Div.; Donker Hoek Mountain, Burchell, 7949! near

Caledon, Mund, 7! Zoetemelks Valley, Niven, 181! and various localities,

Bolus, 3192! 9226! Guthrie, 2500! 4576! Swellendam Div.; near Swellendam,

Pappe! Bredasdorp Div.; Elim, 800 ft., Schlechter, 7634!

A distinct and well-marked species; yet often confused with ZF, longifolia.

From this it may be most readily distinguished by its more slender leaves, and

. their longer and more slender petioles; they are also tremulous in the wind,

while in Z. longifolia they are rigid. The two next species are closely allied by

the same peculiar foliage, their sepals, anthers and ovary, But they differ by

their corolla. We have specimens connecting, by subexserted anthers, var. B

with the type.

32. E. nematophylla (Guthrie & Bolus); branches slender,

glabrous, the younger deeply channelled between the-long prominent

leaf-cushions ; leaves 6-nate or somewhat scattered, erect or spread-

ing, with a long hair-like pallid petiole, slender-linear, subtrigonous,

keeled, acute, glabrous, 3—% in. long; flowers more or less crowded

towards the ends of the branches; pedicels slender, puberulous, 4—}

in. long; bracts remote, narrow-linear, 1} lin. long; sepals linear

from an ovate base, long-acuminate, minutely gland-ciliate, deep-red,

11-22 lin. long; corolla clavate-tubular, slightly inflated above the

middle, thence gradually contracted towards the apex, glabrous or

minutely velvety or puberulous, dry, 5 lin. long; limb short,

rounded, erect; filaments 3 lin. long; anthers ineluded, dorsifixed

near the base, oblong, obtuse, about + lin. long, muticous or some-

times minutely decurrent-denticulate shortly below the anther; pore

2 the length of the cell; style exserted, stout; stigma rather large,

capitate ; ovary exactly that of preceding and next species,

Coast Reaion: Riversdale Div., 1000 ft.; slopes of the Langeberg Range

near Riversdale, Schlechter, 1728! road-side, Garcias Pass, Galpin, 8643!

Hriea. | ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 65

This is in many respects intermediate between the preceding and the next

species, The leaves, sepals, anthers and ovary are closely similar, The shape of

the corolla is, however, different, being so far as our specimens go, always

narrowed (instead of widened) towards the apex. :

33. E. filamentosa (Andr. Heathery, t. 22); slender, erect,

1-1: ft. high; branches subvirgate, puberulous, channelled between

the long prominent leaf-cushions; leaves 6-nate or irregular and

somewhat scattered, erect-incurved, crowded, tremulous, slender-

linear, acute, round-backed or keeled, sulcate, glabrous, 5-7 lin.

long, about 1 lin. wide; petioles pallid, about 1 lin. long, +}; lin.

wide; inflorescence axillary, crowded towards the ends of the

branches; pedicels slender, 4-6 lin. long; braets remote, small ;

sepals linear from a short ovate or lanceolate base, acuminate,

coloured, 2 lin. long; corolla obconic- or subobconic-tubular, much

wider at the mouth than at the base, glabrous or minutely puberu-

lous, dry, rosy, 4-4} lin. long; anthers included, dorsifixed just

above the base, oblong, obtuse, 2—* lin. long, muticous; pore a little

under or over 3 the length of the cell; style at length exserted ; stigma

capitellate ; ovary exactly that of the two preceding species. Andr.

Col. Heaths, t. 91; Bot. Reg. t. 6; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 395; Benth.

in DC. Prodr, vii. 664.

Var. f, longiflora (Bolus) ; branches, leaves and pedicels stouter than in the

type ; corolla obconic-tubular, 6-63 lin. long.

Coast Rraion: Swellendam Div. ; mountains near Swellendam, 400-1500 ft.,

Niven, 183! Mund, 12! MacOwan, Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1494! also. cultivated

specimens! Var. B: Swellendam Div.; mountain ridges along the lower part of

the River Zondereinde, Zeyher, 3171! Caledon Div.: without collector’s name

or number, Cape Govt. Herb. !

Closely allied to the two preceding species ; and not improbably, when more

ample material of the two latter is available, it will be thought better to unite all

three as forms of one variable species. Here as elsewhere in this section we

have a distinct link with the § Hermes, in which indeed the present species was

ineluded by Bentham.

34. E. longifolia (Ait. in Bauer, Exot. Pl. t. 4); erect, 1-3 ft.

high ; branches virgate or spreading ; leaves 6-nate, mostly erect and

imbrieate, sometimes spreading, rarely squarrose, linear, acute,

mostly glabrous, rigid, 4-10 lin. long, from 4 to over 2 lin. wide ;

pedicels 1-3 lin. long ;_ bracts linear, approximate or subapproximate,

from 2 to 3 the length of the sepals ; sepals linear or linear-subulate,

foliaceous, dry or viseid, glabrous or pubescent, 3-5 lin. long;

corolla tubular or clavate-tubular, asymmetrically inflated, more

rarely subequal, contracted or widened at the mouth, pubescent or

villous, usually more or less viscid, variously coloured, 6-11 lin. long ;

anthers included, lateral, oblong, blunt, rarely semiovate and acute,

muticous, }—1 lin. long; ovary ovoid or turbinate, villous with long

hairs, mostly glabrous towards the base. Donn, Hort. Cantab. ed.

i. 42; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 625. E. pulchella, Thunb. Diss.

Erica, 22, not of others, fide Rach. E. pityophylla, Spreng. Syst.

qi.181. E. Leea, Andr. ew Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 400 ; also Heathery, t. 74

and Col. Heaths, t. 31. 2. leeana, [Dryand. in] Ait. Hort. Kew,

: F

-yvOL, 1V.-—SECT. I.

66 gricacEm (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hrica.

ed. 2, ii. 376; Bauer, l.c. t. 24; Benth. 1.c. 625; var. longifolia, Rach

in Linnea, xxvi. 773. EE. vestita, Drege ex Benth. l.c. 625. E.

costeflora, and E. argutifolia, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 363,

364. E. candida, Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 628. HE. glaucescens,

Bartl. lc. 6512 E.-piniformis, Wendl. ex Klotzsch in Linnea,

ix. 626.

Var. §, contracta (Bolus) ; corolla asymmetrically inflated, mouth contracted,

white, red, orange or purple. EH. pinea, Wendl: Eric. Ic. fasc. 1, 11, and fase.

13, 9, not of Thund., nor Andr. E. pinifolia, Andr. Heathery, t. 184, and Col.

Heaths, t. 199 and E. pinifolia, var. coccinea, Heathery, t. 137, and Col.

Heaths, t.119. E. leeana, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 298. E. glutinosa, var. minor,

Andr. Heathery, t. 67, and Col. Heaths, t. 171. E. pura, Sinclair, Hort.

Eric. Wob. 20; Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 626 (probably an error for E.

pinifolia, Andr. Heathery, iv. t. 184).

Var. y, amplicata (Bolus) ; corolla clavate-tubular, curved, not inflated,

gradually widened to the mouth. E. vestita, var. coccinea, Bot. Mag. t. 402,

and Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 55, not of Thunb. E. pinea, Andr. Heathery, t. 35, and

Col. Heaths, t. 46, not of Thunb. E. pinifolia, var. discolor, Andr, Heathery, t.

138, and Col. Heaths, t. 200.

Var. 5, viridis (Bolus); corolla tubular, asymmetrically inflated, sometimes

wider than in other forms, contracted at the mouth, hispid, and covered with

more or less prominent rough tubercles, viscid, green or greenish, or sometimes

purple. E. viridis, Andr. Heathery, t.148; Col. Heaths, t. 140.

Var. «, squarrosa (Bolus); leaves narrower than-usual, crowded, squarrose ;

corolla clavate-tubular, curved, mouth widened, white or red with a white tip.

Var. (¢, maritima (Bolus); leaves glabrous, 5-7 lin. long; including the

1-1} lin. long petiole; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, subscarious, with a linear

foliaceous cusp of variable length, 3-4 lin. long ; corolla clavate-tubular, velvety,

pale purple, 9-11 lin. long; anthers minutely decurrent-denticulate on the filament.

Sourn AFRICA: without locality, Thunberg, Mund! Drége! and cultivated

specimens ! Var. y: Niven, 40! Var. ¢: Herb. Lehmann!

Coast REGION, mountain sides to 5000 ft.: Stellenbosch Div.; Lowrys Pass,

Burchell, 8203! 8251! Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 8! Hottentots Holland,

Zeyher, 3172! Caledon Div. ; common, Burchell, 7752! 7866! 8082! Zeyher,

3177! Niven, 177! 178! 180! Var. 8: Div. and locality? Bolus, 6952!

Guthrie, 20241 2293! 8794! 4094! 4969! Var. y: Caledon Div.; near Gena-

dendal, Schlechter, 9824! Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 3491 Div. and locality ?

Bolus, 53898! Guthrie, 4972! Var. 5: Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek Mountains,

Burchell, 8039! Schlechter, 7342! locality? Guthrie, 4970! Var. ¢: Div. and

locality ? Bolus, 6474! Schlechter, 4789! Var. ¢: Bredasdorp Div.; hills near

Cape Agulhas, Schlechter, 10556!

We have united with this E. Leea, Andr., which consists of nothing but short-

leaved forms; and even most of the varieties we have tried to distinguish run into

each other. The last, however, is more distinct, and might by some be held as a

good species. It has the sepals of EH. vestita, but not its leaves; the corolla and

leaves of the present species, but broader sepals, and differs from E. onosmefiora

chiefly in its somewhat differently-shaped, rot inflated, and not viscid corolla.

Yet it appears to be too near to all of these to make it worthy of distinction as a

species.

35. E. onosmeeflora (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 363) ; erect,

1-2 ft. high; branches somewhat virgate ; leaves 6-nate, erect-

incurved to spreading, linear, subacute, round-backed, glabrous, 5-7

lin. long by 14-3 lin. broad; flowers towards the. ends of the

branches, mostly ascending; pedicels 1-2 lin. long; bracts sub-

approximate, small ; sepals lanceolate with a long linear acuminate

tip, thiek, glabrous, viscid and at length glossy and wrinkled, pallid,

Erica. | ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 67

3-5 lin. long ; corolla tubular, more or less asymmetrically inflated

and slightly contracted at the mouth, rarely equal, viscid, glabrous or

puberulous, pale purple or ochraceous yellow, 8-11 lin. long;

anthers included, lateral, oblong, muticous, about {$ lin. long; ovary

villous in the upper portion, glabrous below. . glutinosa, Andr.

Heathery, t. 66, and Col. Heaths, t. 25, not of Thunb. . viscida,

Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 13, 7. E. pulehella, Willd. ex Steud.

Nomenel. ed. 2, i.578. HE. viscosa, Steud, Nomenel. ed. i. 311 1.

po ye Arnica: without locality, Herd. Salisbury ! also cultivated spect=

mens !

Coast Raion, on mountains, 400-4500 ft.: Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Peak

Marloth, 2415! Paarl Div.; French Hoek, Alexander! Cape Div.; Camp

ground, Grey! Stellenbosch Div. ; Lowrys Pass, Guthrie, 2295! Caledon Div. ;

common, Burchell, 7579! 7799! 7950! 7995! Zeyher, 3178! Bolus, 5895!

Bredasdorp Div. ; near Elim, Bolus, 6751! 8447 !

CenrRAL Recion: Ceres Div.; Cold Bokkeveld, Schlechter, 8902!

Section VI. EVANTHE. (Sp. 36-70.)

36. E. abietina (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 355) ; erect, glabrous, 2 ft.

or more high; branches virgate, with a dense pseudo-raceme of

flowers, several inches long, not reaching to the apex ; leaves 4-nate,

densely imbricate erect-ineurved, linear, acute, 4-6 lin. long;

flowers solitary, on short crowded branchlets; pedicels } lin. long or

less; bracts approximate, linear, foliaceous, 2-21 lin. long; sepals

linear from a broad ovate scarious base, acuminate, foliaceous, 3}—6

lin. long; corolla tubular, contracted towards the apex, mostly

straight or nearly so, glabrous, dry, yellow with an orange limb,

7-9 lin. long (or according to Salisbury 6-8 lin. and to Bentham

9-12 lin.); limb short, spreading, at length revolute; anthers

included, oblong, papillose, }—} lin. long, aristate; awns slightly

longer than the cells; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DG. Prodr. vii.

630. E.Patersonia, Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 43, and Heathery, ¢. 181;

Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 1, 15. £. Patersonia, var. major, Andr.

Col. Heaths, t. 195 and Heathery, t. 998, E. Patersoni, Lodd.

Bot. Cab. t. 1727. E. spissifolia, Salisb. Prodr. 293, and in Trans.

Linn. Soc. vi. 355.

Sourn AFRICA: without locality, Thunberg !

Coast Reaion: Cape Div. ; hills near Smitswinkle Bay, Bolus, 7201! and

in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 12! Caledon Div.; Klein River Mountains, 1000-

3000 ft., Zeyher, 3179 ! mountains near Vogel Gat, 3200 ft., Schlechter, 9551!

also cultivated specimens! —

This is one of the few winter-flowering heaths.

37. E. sacciflora (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 355) ; erect,

9-3 ft. high; branches mostly virgate, furrowed by cushions below

the leaves, the older scarred, bearing many flowers in @ pseudo-

raceme on short crowded branchlets below the apex; leaves 4-nate,

erect-incurved, imbricate, linear, glabrous, 2-21 lin. long; flowers

small, scarious ;

solitary; pedicels 1 lin. long; bracts subremote,

sepals broadly ovate, acute, keeled, searious, glabrous, coloured,

2 lin, long; corolla tubular, contracted at the apex, straight or

68 rricace® (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hrica.

slightly curved, glabrous, dry, yellow, darkened at the throat, 8-10

lin. long; limb short, subcordate-reniform, spreading; anthers in-

eluded, oblong, papillose, 8 lin. long, with spreading awns as long as

the cells; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 630. E.

pauciflora, Steud. Nomencl. ed. 2, ii. 656 in syn. ;

Coast Recton: Paarl Div.; in a valley near Kehrwieder, French Hoek,

Le Roux in Herb. Huguenot Seminary, 302! and in Herb. Bolus, 5949! mountains

of French Hoek, 1600-1700 ft., Bolus, 6333 ! 6900! Mac Owan, Herb. Norm. Aust.-

Afr., 958! Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, Masson (ex Salisbury).

38. E. foliacea (Andr. Heathery, t. 263); erect, 2-3 ft. high ;

branches stout, spreading or virgate, glabrous or puberulous (the

plant entirely glabrous elsewhere) ; leaves 4-nate, somewhat spread-

ing, curved, linear, rather stout, 3-5 lin. long ; flowers 4—5-nate,

on distant spreading lateral branchlets }—1 in. long, upon pedicels

1 lin, long; bracts approximate, narrow-lanceolate, acute, rigid,

keeled, margins scarious, 2-3 lin. long; sepals like the bracts but

broader and a. little longer; corolla tubular, mostly somewhat in-

flated, straight or slightly curved, distinctly contracted at the throat,

dry, stout in texture, clear sulphur-yellow, 7-8 lin. long; limb

subspreading, semi-ovate, short; awns included, oblong, scaberu-

lous, 2 lin. long, aristate ; awns 1}—2 times the length of the cells ;

ovary glabrous, broad-based, sessile. Andr. Col. Heaths, t, 2385;

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 630.

Var. B, fulgens (Klotzsch in Linna, xii. 507); more virgate; flowering

branchlets more numerous, shorter, mostly densely crowded and forming a

pseudo-spike of flowers several inches long; leaves shorter and straighter,

24-34 lin. long, clogely imbricate ; sepals somewhat smaller in proportion to the

corolla; corolla orange or reddish orange; anthers smaller, about 4 lin. long.

E. fulgens, Klotzsch, l.c.

Coast REGIoN: Caledon Div.; without precise locality, Bolus, 6870! Var. B:

Caledon Div.; Klein Houw Hoek, Niven, 173! near the mouth of Klein River,

Masson, 114! mountains near Palmiet River and near Lowrys Pass, Ecklon Sf

Zeyher, Guthrie, 3551! 3766!

. CenTRAL REeton: Ceres Div.; Cold Bokkeveld, in moist places, 5000 ft.,

Schlechter, 8925 !

Taking Andrews’ figure as the type, the specimens first above cited are the

only ones we have seen which entirely agree with it. Klotzsch’s var, has a very

different appearance, usually more resembling E, abietina, yet quite distinct from

that by its 4-nate flowers, besides other characters ; but the floral differences of

var. fulgens from the type are not considerable. Bentham appears to have

described from the variety, which seems to- be much more frequent than

Andrews’ type. In its flowers it also resembles E. nana, but the corolla is

somewhat smaller, the ovary quite sessile and broad-based, and the habit very

different.

39. E. nana (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 355); procumbent,

robust, a span high or less; branches divaricate, flexuous,. rigid,

glabrous; leaves 4-nate, erect-incurved or spreading, imbricate,

linear, glabrous, 2-4 lin. long; flowers 3-4-nate; pedicels 1 lin.

long ; bracts approximate, lanceolate, 3-4 lin. long ; sepals ovate,

acuminate, keeled, 3-31 lin. long, margins wide, scarious, sub-

lacerate ; corolla subclavate-tubular, wide, thick in texture, slightly

constricted at the wide throat, glabrous, dry, yellow, 10-11 lin.

Erica.) ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 69

long ; limb short, spreading or reflexed ; anthers included, oblong,

curved, $—1 lin. long, with setiform awns somewhat shorter than,

or equalling the cells; ovary substipitate, glabrous. Wendl. Eric.

Te. fasc. 25, 9, t. 4; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 631. HE. depressa,

Andr. Heathery, t. 17, not of Linn.

Sourn Arica: without locality, Rowburgh, and Paterson (ex Bentham).

Also cultivated specimens !

Coast REGION: Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, procumbent on the

rocks, Niven, 172! Masson! Caledon Div.; mountains near Lowrys Pass,

native collector in Herb. Guthrie, 3554!

A well-marked species allied to E. foliacea and E. sacciflora. It seems to be

now rare, and a small twig, with a few flowers, brought in by a native collector

in 1895, appears to be the only recorded gathering during a period of nearly a

century.

40. E. xanthina (Guthrie & Bolus); branches 12-14 in, long,

subvirgate, stout, densely covered with short pubescent branchlets ;

leaves 4-nate, mostly erect-incurved, imbricate, sometimes spreading,

linear, subobtuse, convex and slightly sulcate below, flat above,

roughly puberulous, ciliolate, 2-3 lin. long including the longish

pallid slender petiole ; flowers 1—2-nate at the ends of the numerous

branchlets ; pedicels less than 1 lin. long, pubescent ; bracts remote,

almost basal, minute; sepals ovate to subrotund, cuspidate-aeumi-

nate, keeled, pubescent, ciliate, subscarious, coloured, less than

1 lin. long; corolla tubular, slightly narrowed in the middle, and

again towards the apex, pubescent, dry, yellow or orange ; segments

of the limb ovate, subacute, subconnivent (in age), apparently

discoloured, the whole 7-71 lin. long; filaments tapering upwards,

sharply bent near the anther, glabrous; anther included, dorsifixed

just above the base, oblong or subsemiovate, muticous, } lin. long ;

style subexserted ; stigma capitellate ; ovary obovoid or subspherical,

minutely and thinly puberulous, probably becoming glabrous.

Coast Recion: Caledon Div.; Genadendal, Alewander, 5! in Herb. Kew.

41. E. Maximiliani (Guthrie & Bolusin Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 173) ;

erect, 2-4 ft. high ; branches rigid, spreading, curved, naked and

dark-coloured below} branches cano-tomentose, densely leafy ;

leaves 4-nate or occasionally scattered, erect-spreading and slightly

incurved, imbricate, linear-subterete, obtuse, sulcate, cano-pulveru-

lent, the younger villous, 4-6 lin. long ; inflorescence 1—4-nate, on

short branchlets; pedicels cano-tomentose, 3-4 lin. long; bracts

subremote, small, upper one lanceolate, obtuse, lower two smaller,

nearly basal, pubescent ; sepals ovate to ovate-lanceolate, bluntish,

imbricate at base, keeled, pubescent, 23-3 lin. long ; corolla tubular,

widening upwards, straight or curved, glabrous, dry, pale sulphur-

yellow, 14-16 lin. long ; limb short and broad, at length spreading ;

anthers at length subexserted, linear, slender, brown, smooth, 1$-2

lin. long, aristate, awns inserted with the filament about 4 of the |

length of the cells above their base, and reaching about the same

— length below it; ovary densely villous, except towards its base, with

somewhat long erect hairs. :

70: ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

CoAst REcGion: Clanwilliam Div.; Koude Berg, near Wapperthal, 3700 ft.,

Schlechter, 8739! Pakhuis Pass on the Cederberg Range, at the highest part of

the public road, about 2500 ft., Bolus, 8683 !

CENTRAL ReGion: Worcester Div.; rocky places on the Witteberg Range,

near Matjes Fontein, 3750 ft., Marloth, 2950 !

42. E. pallens (Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 194); erect, 6 in. high;

branches numerous, spreading ; leaves 3-nate, spreading or recurved,

subulate, downy, whitish-green, 2-3 lin. long; infloreseence umbel-

late (8-6, Andrews’ fig. shows as many as 9 flowers), subsessile ;

flowers spreading horizontally; bracts subapproximate, sepaloid,

largish ; sepals lanceolate, subacuminate, apparently glabrous, about

3 lin. long; corolla clavate-tubular, slightly constricted at the throat,

straightish, glabrous, pale sulphur-yellow, 10 lin. long; limb short,

spreading; anthers included, muticous; ovary glabrous. Andr.

Heathery, t. 182; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 635. E. Dickinsoni,

Dodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1793 ?.

‘ SourH Arrica: Only known from Andrews’ figures and description.

Kvidently a very distinct species, and may perhaps be allied to E. Mami-

miliant.

43. E. dubia (Rach in Linnea, xxvi. 776); erect, glabrous, with

subvirgate branches, 2~3 ft. high ; leaves 3—4-nate, erect-spreading,

linear, 3-4 lin. long; flowers solitary or geminate, spreading ; bracts

remote, foliaceous, small; sepals ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, keel-

tipped, ciliate-serrulate, foliaceous, 21~3 lin. long ; corolla tubular,

straight, wider at the base and apex, the middle somewhat contracted,

clear yellow, 8 lin. long; limb short, erect; anthers subovate,

muticous, included ; ovary glabrous. LE, cylindrica, Wendl. Eric. Ic.

fase. 11, 7, not of Thunb. nor Andr.

Sour Arnica: Known to us only from cultivated specimens and Wendland’s

excellent figure and description.

_Allied to E. bibaw, yet apparently distinct by its more foliaceous sepals and the

different manner in which the anthers are affixed to the filament.

44, E. bibax (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 358) ; erect, virgate,

1-2 ft. high; branches and limb of the corolla puberulous, glabrous

elsewhere ; leaves 4-nate, linear-trigonous, erect-spreading, 2—4 lin.

long ; flowers solitary, spreading; bracts approximate, like the sepals

but smaller; sepals lanceolate, acute, keel-tipped, scarious, shining,

coloured, 83-42 lin. long; corolla clavate-tubular, curved or nearly

straight, puberulous or velvety, dry, yellow with a paler limb, 7-10

lin. long ; filaments sharply bent at a right angle at the junction with

the thickened dorsally-projecting connective; anthers included,

oblong, $ lin. long, attached to the filament near the base of the

cells, muticous ; ovary glabrous. E. flammea, Andr. Heathery, t.

23, and Col. Heaths, t. 92 ; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 633.

oo adele : ae pa a Nirah

OAST REGION: enbose iv. ; w

7813! Grisbrook in Herb. Bolus, 6473! Caled Div 7 Be yraent

a on the Zwart Berg near Caledon, MacOwan, Herb. Aust.-Afr.,

Rrica.| ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 71

Very near to the more glabrous forms of E. curviflora, of which it might,

perhaps, be regarded as a variety. The angular attachment of the anther to

= filament is, however, more marked than in any specimens of that which we

ave seen.

45. E. curviflora (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 354); 14-5 ft. high ;

branches virgate, stout, more rarely spreading or slender; leaves

4-nate, erect, incurved or spreading, imbricate, linear or lanceolate-

linear, acute, subtrigonous, keeled, or somewhat open-backed, ciliate

or glabrous or pubescent, 14-32 lin, long; flowers solitary, usually

subsessile and ascending, sometimes at length decurved; braets

small, approximate, or subremote; sepals variable, linear and

foliaceous from a broad scarious base, or lanceolate or ovate, scarious

with a broad foliaceous keel, or entirely scarious and coloured,

glabrous or pubescent, 13-41 lin. long; corolla elavate-tubular or

trumpet-shaped, curved or more rarely straight, mostly pubescent, or

villous, more rarely glabrous, dry, red, orange or yellow, 10-19

(commonly 11-13) lin. long ; limb 1}-2} lin. long; filaments slender,

glabrous or pilose ; anthers included or subexserted, oblong, straight

or slightly curved forwards at the base, inserted on the filament

above their base, about * to a little over 1 lin. long, muticous or

minutely decurrent-denticulate along the filament; ovary glabrous, -

sessile or substipitate, sometimes excavate at the apex, with callous

bosses rising above the base of the style. Thunb. Diss. Erica, 24 ;

Wendl. Eric. Ic. jasc. 3, 7; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 633 ; Andr.

Heathery, it. 16, 211 (var. rubra), and Col. Heaths, tt. 19, 161;

Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1663. EE. tubiflora, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 505;

Thunb. Diss. Erica, 25. E. cuspidigera, Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc.

vi, 358. E. procera, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 17, 71, t. at.. I

simpliciflora, Willd. Sp. Pl, ii. 402, and Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 17,

69, t. 26. E. simplicefolia, Steud. Nomencl. ed. i. 309. E.. fas-

tuosa, Salisb. in Trans, Linn. Soc. vi. 359. FE. buecineformis,

Salish. Prodr. 294, and in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 359; Benth. in

DC. Prodr. vii. 633. E. ignescens, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 8, 3, and

var. atropurpurea, fase. 20, 117, 4. 44; Andr. Heathery, t. 27, and

Col. Heaths, t.103. LE. lanitflora, F. W. Schmidt, Neue und selt.

Pfl. 44, not of Wendl. E. tubulosa, Sm. ex Steud. Nomencl. ed. 1,

310.—Erica, Seb. Mus. 2, t. 19, fig. 5, and 1, t. 20, fig. 4.

Var. 8, Burchellii (Bolus) ; tall, stout, virgate; leaves often more or less

open-backed ; sepals 14-44 lin. long; corolla hairy or rarely glabrous ; limb

oblong, 2-34 lin. long, the sinus acute, or obtuse and somewhat open; ovary

wmostly callous-bossed at the apex; E. tubslora, Willd. Sp. Pl. ii, 403, and

others, not of Linn.; Bauer, Exot. Pl. t. 28; Andr. Heathery, t. 46, and

Col. Heaths, t. 64; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 4, 7; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 634.

E. coccinea, of Linn. Herb. not of Sp. Pl. ed. 1, according to Benth. E.

Burchellii, Benth. 1.c. 632. E. sordida, Drége ex Benth. l.c. 634.

Var. y, Versatilis (Bolus) ; bracts scarious, coloured; sepals ovate-lanceolate,

acute, keeled, scarious, coloured, pubescent, 3 lin. long; filaments inserted

higher on the anther than usual, about the middle of the cell, with decur-

rent awns slightly free at the apex, but scarcely reaching to the base of the

cells. : :

Var. 3; sulfurea (Bolus); very villous in all parts; leaves subdistant ;

72 ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

branches spreading ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, 2}-3 lin. long, with a channelled

keel; corolla yellow. HE. sulfwrea, Andr. Heathery, t. 241, and Col. Heaths, t.

278; Bot. Mag. t. 1984; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1762; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

634. E. stagnalis, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 359? EH. tubijlora, Rowb.

ew Salisb. l.c.

Var. ¢, diffusa (Bolus); more slender than any other form; branches diffuse ;

leaves spreading and subdistant, 6 lin. long, glabrous ; sepals lanceolate-ovate to

ovate, acute, scarious, ciliate, coloured ; corolla glabrous except for the ciliate

and hair-tufted limb, clear rosy red.

Soutn AFRICA: without locality, Herb. Salisbury! Var. B, Sieber, 76!

Var. 5, Mund, Herb. Salisbury! Var. ¢, Mund SY Maire! and cultivated

specimens of the type and vars. 8 and 5!

Coast RxGion : in Clanwilliam, Tulbagh and Piquetberg Div., and in all the

coast Divisions from Cape to Albany Div., at from 300-2500 ft., Thunberg,

Burchell, 546! 3719! 5747! 7046! 7777! Niven, 193! 194! 229! Zeyher,

3160! Drége, 7700! 7701! 7702! 7710! Galpin, 3585! MacOwan, 81! and in

Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr.,'751! Bolus, 1577 ! 3998! 4168! 5851! 8668! Mulder !

Schlechter, 1918! 2417! 10379! Var. 8: Cape Div.; near Cape Town, Niven,

191! Mund, 11! Bolus, 3716! MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 18! George

Div.; Cradock Berg, Burchell, 6023! near Touw River, Burchell, 5738! Var.y:

Worcester Div. ; Goudini, Schlechter, 9943! Caledon Div.; mountains near the

Zondereinde River, 4500 ft., Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4595! Var. 5: Paarl Div. ;

mountains around French Hoek, MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 957!

Schlechter, 9264! Caledon Div.; Klein Houw Hoek, Niven, 10! Var. e:

Caledon Div. ; near Genadendal, 3000 ft., Galpin, 3573! mountains near Grey-

town, Herb. Bolus, 6750!

A very variable species of wide distribution. Earlier authors described and

figured the forms as they successively appeared, as so many distinct species.

With a very large amount of material before us we have with difficulty dis-

tinguished 3 or 4 varieties, and even some of these run into each other.

46. E. sulcata (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 632); ereet; leaves

4-nate, incurved, narrow or broadish linear, blunt, deeply sulcate,

sometimes slightly open-backed, the upper copiously and softly long

ciliate, 14-23 lin. long; flowers solitary, subsessile; bracts sub-

remote, minute, sepal-like: sepals ovate, or subcuneate and retuse,

apiculate, scarious, about } lin. long; corolla clavate-tubular, in-

curved, tomentose-pubescent, dry, 10-12 lin. long; limb 12 lin.

long, spreading, somewhat fleshy ; filaments widening towards the

anther ; anthers subexserted, oblong, mid-dorsifixed, muticous, $—1

lin. long; ovary glabrous.

Coast Region: George Div. ; Devils Kop, near George, Niven, 190!

Closely allied to E. cwrviflora, var. Burchellii, and might perhaps be regarded

as another variety of that with minute sepals. Bentham also says that “it has

the habit of E. tubiflora, Willd.” [E. curviflora, L.]

47. E. macropus (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect, rigid, much-branched ;

branches pallid, pubescent; leaves 4-nate, incurvo-patent, linear,

subtrigonous, glabrous, 2 lin. Jong ; flowers sub-4-nate, numerous ;

pedicels 4 lin. long, slender ; bracts linear, remote ; sepals lanceolate,

acute, foliaceous, scarious-edged, concave, glabrous, 2} lin. long ;

corolla clavate-tubular, incurved, glabrous, dry, red, 9 lin. long ;

limb short, erect; anthers included, oblong-cuneate, less than 4 lin.

long, with short and broad subulate appendages reaching to the base

of the cells, or slightly longer. pad ee Sn

Erica.| ERICACEX (Guthrie & Bolus). 73

Coast ReGion: Clanwilliam Div.; near Clanwilliam, Mader, 2180! in the

Cape Gov. Herb., not of Herb. MacOwan.

_ Well distinguished by its long pedicels, and broad, short anther-appendages.

48. E. conspicua (Soland. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, ii. 22);

2-3 ft. high; branches subvirgate, variably pubescent, rarely gla-

brous, usually covered with many short branchlets, the uppermost

only bearing flowers; leaves 4-nate, slightly spreading, imbricate,

linear to sublanceolate, pubescent, villous or rarely glabrous, 1—2 lin.

long ; flowers solitary, more rarely 2—4-nate ; pedicels 1-2 lin. long ;

bracts subremote, sepal-like, oblong, very obtuse, or linear, 2-2} lin.

long; sepals from ovate subacute to lanceolate acuminate, sub-

scarious, with a thick keel or boss at the apex, pilose or glabrous,

3-41 lin. long ; corolla clavate-tubular, incurved, variably hairy or

more rarely glabrous, dry, 9-20 (mostly 15-18) lin. long, rosy, dull

red, or yellow ; limb oblong, spreading or recurved, 2-2 lin. long ;

filaments somewhat broad at the base, occasionally thinly pilose ;

anthers included or subexserted, oblong, affixed shortly below the

middle of the cell, distinetly curved forwards in front, 1j-1} lin.

long, muticous or sometimes minutely decurrent-denticulate ; ovary

glabrous. Bauer, Exot. Pl. t. 12; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 4, 9;

Andr. Heathery, t. 12, and Col. Heaths, t. 14; Salish. in Trans.

Linn. Soc. vi. 359. E. inconspicua, Thunb. Prodr. 71 (sphalm.).

E. longiflora, Salish. le. 359; Andr. Heathery, t. 222, and Col.

Heaths, t. 183 ; Lodd, Bot. Cab. t. 983. E. elata, Andr. Heathery,

t. 112, and Ool. Heaths, t. 87 ; Lodd. luc. t. 1788. LE. splendens,

Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 8, 5, not of Andr. £. lanijlora, Wendl. 1.c.

fase, 2,23. EE. laniflora, var. glabra, Wendl. l.c. fase. 19, 105, t. 40.

E. lanata, Wendl. lc. fase. 5, 5. £. sordida, Andr. Heathery, t.

191, and Col. Heaths, t. 60; Lodd. lc. t.1973. E. floccosa and

#. verticillaris, Salisb. le. 360, not of Bartl.

Coast REGION, on mountains, 700-1000 ft.; Worcester Div. ; near Worcester,

Rehmann, 2529! in the Goudini, Bolus, 5171! MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Aust.-

Afr., 231! Paarl Div.; near Wellington, in Cape Gov. Herb.; French Hoek,

MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Aust-Afr., 936! Bolus, 5169! Schlechter, 9320!

Caledon Div. ; Zwart Berg, Masson, 51! near the Zondereinde River, Schlechter,

9888! Also cultivated specimens !

A distinct species well characterized by its small subremote bracts and its

anthers. We are unable, however, to find any serviceable definitions for its

* varieties. Var. glabra (Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 633) appears only to be known

from garden specimens.

49. E. densifolia (Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 359); erect, 2-3 ft. high ;

branches stout, erect, pubescent; leaves 3-nate, mostly densely

imbricate on short branchlets, incurved or spreading, lanceolate to

linear, the younger pubescent becoming glabrous and shining, 1)-25

lin, long; flowers mostly solitary at the ends of short branchlets

forming a pseudo-raceme ; pedicels } lin. long or less; bracts

approximate, > lin. long ; sepals lanceolate to oblong, acute, thick

and rigid, keeled or thickened at the margins and sulcate, pubescent

or glabrous, sometimes forming a tetragonous calyx, 3-3; lin. long ;

74 pricacem (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

corolla clavate-tubular, curved, more or less hairy, viscidulous chiefly

in the lower half, tube red, the throat and limb greenish-yellow,

12-15 lin. long; anthers subexserted, linear-lanceolate, tapering to

each extremity, aristate; awns straightly pendulous, }—{ the length

of the cell; style usually decurved at the apex ; ovary glabrous. E.

decora, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 354, not of Andr. E. Uhria,

Andr. Heathery, t. 149, and Col. Heaths, t. 141; Wendl. Eric. Ic.

fasc. 18, 91, t. 35; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 628, and var. pilosa,

Andr. Heathery, t. 150, and Col. Heaths, t. 142. EH. ewerana

[Dryand. in| Ait. Hort. Kew, ed. 2, ii. 368; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t.

1303, and var. pilosa, t. 1992.

Coast Rrcion: George Div.; Outeniqualand, Niven, 202! Montagu Pass,

1400 ft., Bolus, 8669! Schlechter, 5837! Uniondale Div.; near Groot Fontein,

in Lange Kloof, 2000 ft., Drége, 7713! Knysna Div.; near Knysna, Pappe !

Buchanan! and in Herb. Bolus, 5834! Also cultivated specimens !

50. E. xerophila (Bolus); erect, reaching 6 ft. high; branches

ascending, rigid, the younger puberulous, glabrescent ; leaves 3-nate,

crowded, erect or spreading, incurved, narrow-linear or subfiliform,

subobtuse, deeply suleate, minutely hispidulous and tuberculate,

shining, 3-4 lin. long ; petioles pallid; flowers solitary, few ; pedi-

cels puberulous, 1 lin. long; bracts subremote, linear, inecurved,

foliaceous, 3-1 lin. long; sepals linear from a short broader base,

leaf-like, incurved, sulcate, sparsely ciliate, 2 lin. long; corolla

trumpet-shaped, or nearly straight, narrow at the base, thinly puberu-

lous, dry, thin in texture, crimson, 10-11 lin. long; segments erect

or spreading, subdeltoid, concolorous, under 1 lin. long; anthers

affixed to the filament about + of the length of the cells above their

base, included, narrow-oblong, slightly bilobed but not at all pro-

jecting at the base, + lin. long, aristate ; pore about 2 the length of

the cell; awns setiform, 2 the length of the cell; style exserted,

thickened and channelled at the base; stigma capitellate; ovary

cylindrical, slightly contracted at the base, pallid, glabrous,

Coast Recion: Ladismith Div.; slopes of the Klein Zwartberg Range,

near Ladismith, about 2000 ft., Marloth, 2935!

From E. cruenta it differs by its much more slender rough leaves, solitary

flowers and narrower sepals. ‘he species is one of the few stragglers far

inland, the station above recorded being about 63 miles from the nearest sea-

coast.

51. E. speciosa (Andr. Heathery, t. 192); erect, 2-4 ft. high;

branches virgate or spreading ; leaves 3-nate, suberect and imbricate

or spreading, linear, narrow-lanceolate, or oblong, sulcate, glabrous or

viscid-puberulous, ciliate or naked, 2—4} lin. long; flowers 3-nate,

occasionally solitary ; bracts usually approximate, rarely remote,

like the sepals, but shorter; sepals narrow- to broad-lanceolate,

searious below with a leaf-like keeled tip, glabrous or pubescent,

ciliate or naked, usually coloured, 23—41 lin. long; corolla clavate-

tubular, curved, dry or viscid, glabrous or rarely sparsely pilose,

10-15 lin. long, crimson, limb usually greenish-yellow ; filaments

slender, linear ; anthers included or subexserted, oblong, subobtuse

Erica. | gRIcace® (Guthrie & Bolus). 75

at the base, 11-2 lin. long, aristate ; awns straight, from } to nearly

the length of the cell; ovary glabrous. Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 133.

E. hirta, Andr. Heathery, t. 165, and Col. Heaths, t. 101; Lodd.

Bot. Cab. t. 1116, not of Thunb. LE. polytricha, Sweet, Hort. Brit.

ed. ii, 838, ex Ind. Kew.

Coast REGION, on mountains from 500-4500 ft. : Oudtshoorn Div. ; Zwart-

berg Pass, Murloth, 2428! George Div. ; Cradock Berg, Burchell, 5926! Galpin,

3578! near Touw River, Burchell, 5731! Knysna Div.; near the Keurbvoms

River, Burchell, 5160! 6169! near Knysna, Newdigate in MacOwan, Herb.

Aust.-Afr., 1922! The Glebe, Galpin, 3577 ! Uniondale Div. ; near Vlugt,; Bolus,

2382! 2383! 2385! Humansdorp Div.; Lottering Bush, Galpin, 3587! Uiten-

hage Div.; Witte Klip, Bolus! Also cultivated specimens !

52. E. hebecalyx (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 630); erect,

virgately branched; leaves 3-nate, erect, subincurved, imbricate,

linear or linear-lanceolate, suleate, puberulous, 2—3 lin. long; flowers

usually 3-nate, occasionally solitary by abortion ; pedicels 3 lin. long ;

bracts approximate, ovate, acute, keel-tipped, with scarious margins,

like the sepals very concave and covered with a soft greyish tomen-

tum, ciliate, about } as long as the sepals ; sepals oblong or obovate,

obtuse, keel-tipped, apiculate, scarious, 213 lin. long; corolla sub-

clavate-tubular, incurved, glabrous, viscid, 12-15 lin. long; limb

nearly erect ; filaments capillary, nearly equally linear; anthers in-

cluded or subexserted, oblong, truncate at the base and somewhat

sharply pointed in front, 13-14 lin. long, aristate; awns capillary and

somewhat turned backwards ; ovary glabrous. E. speciosa, Lodd.

Bot. Cab. t. 575 (good), not of Andr. E, speciosa, var. tomentosa,

Klotzsch in Linnea, ix. 656, fide Benth., not of Andr.

Sourn AFRica: without locality, Mund § Maire! Also cultivated

specimens !

Coast Reaion: George Div. ; Montagu Pass, near George, 1000-2500 ft.,

Alexander, 22! Schlechter, 2268! Marloth, 2407! Tyson, 3164!

The broad softly tomentose sepals give this a distinct appearance; the awns

of the anther are usually shorter than in EZ. speciosa, and are not straight

as in that species but spread backwards. It seems to be very local.

53. E. discolor (Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 20); erect, 2-3 ft. high ;

branches stout, pubescent ; leaves 3-nate, suberect and imbricate, or

somewhat spreading, linear or narrow-lanceolate, glabrous or the

younger viscid-puberulous, often glossy, 14-3} lin. long ; pedicels

1-1 lin. long ; bracts approximate, like the sepals but about 2 their

length ; sepals. ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, keeled-tipped,

scarious, coloured, glabrous, ciliolate or naked, 2-23 lin. long;

corolla clavate-tubular or trumpet-shaped, glabrous, dry, red, 9-12

lin. long; limb erect or slightly spreading, red or greenish ; filaments

equal at the base or but slightly dilated ; anthers included or just

manifest, linear to oblong, more or less hollowed at the base, about

8 lin. long, aristate ; awns reaching 2 the length of the cell below it,

or much shorter; style usually curved at the apex ; ovary glabrous.

Andr. Heathery, t. 160; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 5,9; Lodd. Bot.

Cab. t. 1453. E. cupressiformis, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc.

76 ERICACEX (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

vi. 354. E, densiflora, Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,

105.

Var. §8, puberula (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 630); leaves and sepals

puberulous.

Coast REeGIoN: Caledon Div.; Palmiet River, Niven, 103! Houw Hoek,

Zeyher, 3159; Bolus, 53846! and in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 193! Bredasdorp

Div.; near Elim, Bolus, 6761 ! George Div. ; Outeniqualand, Niven, 197 ; west

end of Lange Valley, Burchell, 5686 ; Knysna Div. ; hills near Melville, Burchell,

5460! Humansdorp Div.; near Kromme River, Burchell, 4846, 4875, 4877.

Port Elizabeth Div. ; near Port Elizabeth, Holland! Also cultivated specimens !

Var. 8: Mossel Bay Div.; Attaquas Kloof, Mund § Maire! ©

Very near to HZ. wnicolor ; also allied to E. versicolor, from which it may be

most readily distinguished by its aristate anthers not sharp pointed at the base

in front, and by its filaments nearly equal at the base ; its flowering season also

appears to be almost constantly some months earlier.

54. E. dichrus (Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 179); erect, 3-5 ft. high ;

branches subvirgate, pubescent; leaves 4-nate, ereet and imbricate,

or somewhat spreading, linear, sulcate, glabrous, the younger ciliate,

3-5 lin. long; flowers 4-nate, mostly erect; bracts approximate,

like the sepals, but about 2 of their length ; sepals linear-lanceolate

and acuminate, or ovate-lanceolate or oblong and subobtuse, sub-

scarious below with a foliaceous keeled apex, pilose or glabrous,

ciliate, 23-43 lin. long ; corolla tubular or clavate-tubular, glabrous,

viscid, red below, yellow above, 10-12 lin. long; filaments very

slightly wider at the base; anthers ineluded or manifest, broad-

linear, truncate and somewhat hollowed at the base, but searcely

pointed in front, about 1 lin. long, minutely aristate or muticous ;

awns scarcely reaching beyond the base of the cells; style often

decurved at the apex; ovary glabrous. . bicolor, Andr. Heathery,

t. 54, and Col. Heaths, t. 79 ; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1001, not of Thunb.

E. dichromata, Lodd. lc. t. 1813. #. quadriflora, Klotzsch in

Linnea, ix. 665. E. refulgens, Andr. Heathery, t. 284.?.

Coast Recion: Mossel Bay Div. ; Hagel Kraal, near Attaquas Kloof, Niven,

200! Attaquas Kloof, Drége, 7716! near Mossel Bay, 800 ft., Galpin, 3579!

George Div. ;. Outeniqualand, Niven, 201! Montagu Pass, 1000 ft., Bolus, 8667!

Also cultivated specimens ! é

55. E unicolor (Wendl. Eric. Ie. fasc. 25, 7, t. 3); erect, 3-4 ft.

high, with ascending branches ; leaves 4-nate (‘« 3-4-nate,” Bentham),

Jaxly spreading, linear, hispid with long hairs, 3-4 lin. long; flowers

4-nate (or “sub-3-nate,” Bentham), sessile or pedicels very short :

bracts approximate, linear, foliaceous, hispid, 21 lin. long; sepals

like the bracts, 23-3 lin. long (or in Andrews’ fig. 5 lin. long); corolla

tubular, straight, glabrous, viscid, green, 8-11 lin. long; anthers

narrow-oblong, 1 lin. long, included, aristate ; awns eapillary, 1—2

the length of the cell; ovary glabrous. LZ. virescens, Link, Enum.

Hort. Berol. i. 359, not of Thunb. E. viridescens, Lodd. Bot. Cab.

t. 233. LE. hirta, var. viridiflora, Andr. Heathery, t. 166, and Col.

Heaths, t. 173.

. Sourn Arrica: without locality, Mund § Maire! Also cultivated speci-

mens ! :

Friea.] ERicAacex (Guthrie & Bolus). 77

Coast Recion: Mossel Bay Div.; Attaquas Kloof, Masson, 104!

We retain this species, which seems too closely allied to E. dichrus, with much

doubt. Excepting in its more spreading, more hairy leaves, and straighter green

corolla, there is little difference, and both come from the same locality. The

material, however, at disposal, is very poor.

56. E. serratifolia (Andr, Col. Heaths, t. 58); erect, 1 ft. or

more high; branches numerous; leaves 4-nate, spreading or re-

curved, linear, ciliate with plumose hairs, (‘‘ ciliate-serrate,” Bentham)

9-3 lin. long; flowers 4-nate [2-3-nate (Andrews) or subsolitary

(Bentham) | ; bracts approximate or subremote, foliaceous, 2 lin. long ;

sepals lanceolate, acuminate, mucronate, foliaceous, gland-ciliate,

1-3 lin. long ; corolla tubular, nearly straight, red below, yellow

above, 9-12 lin. long; limb short, spreading ; filaments capillary ;

anthers oblong, not pointed at the base, s_] lin. long, muticous or

shortly aristate (Salisbury) ; ovary glabrous. Andr. Heathery, t. 44;

Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1703. HE. plumosa, Wendl. Erie. Ic. fase. 12, 5,

not of Andr. LE. cylindriflora, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi.

356.

Soura AFRICA: Cultivated specimens !

Unknown to us in the wild state, unless it be a cultivated form of the next

species. Andrews shows the leaves as 4-nate; Wendland as 3-nate; both

describe the anthers as muticous. Salisbury finds them always calcarate. In

one cultivated specimen examined we found the anthers minutely 2-toothed at

the base.

57. E. MacOwanii (Cufino in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital., 1903, 290) ;

erect, probably 2-3 ft. high; branches stout, sometimes virgate,

densely leafy, pubescent, with many lateral flowering branchlets

from i—2 in. long; leaves 4-nate, imbricate, erect-incurved, narrow-

lanceolate, acute, keeled, sulcate, glabrous, the younger ciliolate with

simple hairs, 3-4} lin. long; flowers solitary, erect or spreading;

pedicels pubescent, under 1 lin. long; bracts adpressed, narrow-

lanceolate, acute, scarious, translucent, pale green, ciliate, about 4

the length of the sepals ; sepals like the bracts, but larger and narrow

ovate, keeled with a dark green band, 4 lin. long ; corolla 10-12 lin.

long, tubular, usually straight, rarely slightly curved ; tube nearly

equal, dilated at the throat, the lower portion thinly pubescent and

dark red, the upper pilose, passing into orange at the throat and

limb; throat oblique ; segments spreading, semiorbicular, 11-2 lin.

long ; anthers included or manifest, rarely subexserted, inserted on

the filament just above the base of the cell, broad oblong, subobtuse,

rounded at the base, scaberulous, muticous, dark-coloured, about

2 lin. long ; pore 3-2 of the length of the cell ; style shortly exserted ;

stigma capitellate ; ovary subglobose, glabrous.

Coast Reon: Caledon Div.; Zwart Berg, MacOwan! Locality and

collector unknown, Herb, Bolus, 6899 ! : :

This rs to be closely allied to the preceding species, differing by the much

shorter SE ainote hairs on the leaf-margin, by its broader sepals, and solitary

flowers. From E. perspicua, to which it is compared by the author, it differs by

its 4-celled ovary, and by the colour of the flower. :

78 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

58. E. versicolor (Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 11, 3); erect, 2-4 ft.

high ; branches mostly flexuous, sometimes straight; leaves 3-nate,

erect and imbricate, or spreading, linear to narrow-elliptic, acute,

glabrous or the younger puberulous, ciliolate or naked, 2-31 lin.

long ; flowers 3-nate, erect or spreading; bracts approximate, like

the sepals but about 2 of the length; sepals usually lanceolate,

acuminate, more rarely oblong and subobtuse, keel-tipped, searious,

glabrous, coloured, 3-4 lin. long; corolla tubular and equal, or

widening to the apex, or inflated below, glabrous, dry or viscidulous,

costate or smooth, mostly red below and greenish-yellow near the

tip, 11-14 lin. long; limb short, usually more or less erose or

crispulate ; filaments usually more or less dilated and ovate at the

base, or at least wider and gradually contracted and tapering up-

wards ; anthers included or subexserted, linear, usually with a sharp

projecting point in front at the base, muticous, 1-11 lin. long;

ovary mostly glabrous, rarely minutely hirtulous. Andr. Heathery,

it. 47, 249 (var. longiflora), and Col. Heaths, t. 67; Lodd. Bot. Cab.

tt. 208, 1316 ( var. major); Benth. in DO. Prodr. vii. 631. LE.

versicolor, var. ciliata, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 20, 115, t. 43. E.

costata, Andr. Heathery, t. 13, and Col. Heaths, t. 16. E. ovata,

Wendl. ex Steud. Nom. ed. 2, i. 577.

Var. 8, monticola (Bolus); anthers truncate or rounded at the base

in front; leaves more closely and regularly adpressed than in the usual

form.

Sourm ArFRica: without locality, Thunberg, Herb. Salisbury ! and cultivated

specimens !

Coast Region: Swellendam Div.; near and around Swellendam, Masson,

105! Niven, 198! Zeyher, 3157! 3158! near Kinko River, Zeyher, 3156!

Riversdale Div. ; Garcias Pass, 1000 ft., Galpin, 3581! near Zoetemelks River,

Burchell, 6571! near Tygerfontein, Galpin, 3580! Schlechter, 1981! Kamp-

sche Berg, Burchell, 7087! Var. 8: Worcester Div.; Matroos Berg,

oaks ft., Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 3951! Swellendam Diy., Shand in Herb.

Bolus!

A very variable. species; yet the lanceolate, scarious, coloured sepals seem

constant, and serve chiefly to distinguish it from its more immediate allies.

The spoon-shaped base of the filaments is also decisive where it exists,

but is not a constant character, or at least is not distinctly visible in some

specimens.

59. E. berzelioides (Guthrie & Bolus); branches stout, ascending,

puberulous ; leaves 3-nate, spreading, squarrose, the lower reflexed,

oblong, blunt, glabrous, smovth and glossy, sulcate, the younger

gland-ciliate, 13-2 lin. long; flowers 3-nate, pedicels, bracts, sepals

and corolla very viscid ; pedicels 11—2 lin, long; bracts approximate,

like the sepals but with a larger foliaceous point, 12 lin. long; sepals

lanceolate, acuminate, scarious, about 2 lin. long; corolla trumpet-

shaped, glabrous, viscid, red below, paler above, 1 in. long; limb

erect; segments 1 lin. long, rounded ; filaments slender, scarcely

widened at the base ; anthers subexserted, linear-oblong, rounded at

the base in front, muticous, 1} lin. long; ovary glabrous,

Coast Recion: Bredasdorp Div.; Mierkraal, 200 ft., Schlechter, 10530!

Erica, | ERICACEM (Guthrie & Bolus). 79

60. E. diaphana (Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 178); erect, 2-5 ft.

high ; branches spreading, rigid, puberulous; leaves 3-nate, erect

and imbrieate, or somewhat spreading, linear to elliptic-oblong,

sulcate, thick, smooth, 2-3 lin. long; flowers 3-nate, at length

nodding; pedicels 23 lin. long; bracts approximate, foliaceous,

ovate, very thick, viseid, 2 the length of the sepals; sepals like the

bracts, 2 lin. long; corolla subclavate-tubular, glabrous, thick, very

viscid, 10-12 lin. long; tube pink; limb suberect, green ; stamens

included; filaments slightly wider at the base; anthers narrow-

oblong, with a projecting point at the base, 2 lin. long, muticous or

minutely aristulate; ovary glabrous. E. transparens, Lodd. Bot.

Cab. t. 177; Andr. Heathery, t. 296, and Col. Heaths, t. 283, not of

Berg.

Coast Recion: Mossel Bay Div.; near Mossel Bay, Alexander, 14!

Humansdorp Div.; by streams near the Gamtoos River, Niven, 199! near the

Kromme River, Drege, 7714! rocky places near Storms River, Schlechter,

5993! Kadies Berg, Galpin, 3584! Witte Els Bosch, Galpin, 3589! Also a

cultivated specimen !

61. E. glandulosa (Thunb. Diss. Erica, 25) ; erect, 2 ft. or more

high, all parts more or less covered with gland-tipped hairs; leaves

4-nate, spreading, linear, obtuse, sulcate or sometimes somewhat

open-backed, 2-5 lin. long ; flowers usually 4-nate (sometimes 2-5-

nate); pedicels 2-8 lin. long ; bracts approximate, foliaceous, linear

or broad linear; sepals broad linear, acute, 3-45 lin. long; corolla

clavate-tubular, mostly pubescent, rarely glabrous, dry or glandular-

viscid, 9-18 lin. long; filaments slender, not, or only very slightly,

dilated at the base; anthers included or subexserted, oblong, curved

forwards ‘at the base, muticous, about 1 lin. long; ovary glabrous.

E. pellucida, Andr. Heathery, it. 183, 277 (var. rubra), and Col.

Heaths, t. 197 ; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 276; Klotzsch in Linnea, ix.

675. HE. exudans, Andr. Heathery, t. 216. E. exsudans, Lodd. l.c.

4.287. E. droserafolia, Tausch in Flora, 1834, 600 ?

- Var. B, breviflora (Bolus); bracts remote; sepals 2 lin. long; corolla

‘wees tae ia less than 5 lin. long; anthers decurrent-denticulate,

bout # lin. long. : :

c one tbavas : without locality, Thunberg. Also cultivated specimens !

Coast REGION, frequent between 150-800 ft.: Mossel Bay Div. ; Attaquas

Kloof, Masson, 109! George Div.; between George and Malgat River, Burchell,

6097! Bolus, 5520! 8671! Outeniqualand, Niven, 189! Humansdorp Div. ;

near the Gamtoos River, Niven, 186! by the Kromme River, Masson, 103!

Uitenbage Div.; near Van Stadens Hoogte, MacOwan, 1124! Port Elizabeth

Div., Burchell, 4576! Pappe! Var. 8: Humansdorp Div. ; between Gamtoos

River and Leuwenbosch River, Burchell, 4803 !

62. E. perspicua (Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 1,-7) ; erect, 2 ft. high

or more; branches virgate or sometimes spreading ; leaves 3- or

4-nate, erect or spreading, narrow-linear, subtrigonous, pubescent or

glabrous, lanceolate and roughly hispid, ciliate or naked, 13-2 lin.

long ; flowers solitary on numerous short lateral branchlets, or some-

times (according to Bentham) 1-3-nate; pedicels }—{ lin. long;

80 ERIcACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

bracts small, subapproximate, scarious, keel-tipped ; sepals. very

variable, linear from a broad subrotund scarious lacerate base, more

or less elongate, keeled, or ovate, or oblong-lanceolate, acute, pilose

or glabrous, 11-22 lin. long ; corolla subclavate-tubular, more or less

pubescent or villous, dry, at length curved, pale rosy or purplish,

8-12 lin. long ; limb erect or spreading ; filaments dilated and bent

near the anther; anthers included, broadly oblong or euneate,

muticous; ovary 8-celled (or, according to Salisbury) 6-8-celled,

glabrous. Andr. Heathery, t. 230, and Col, Heaths, t. 255; Benth.

in DC. Prodr, vii. 634. EH. transparens, Thunb. Prodr. 71. 4.

lituiflora, Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 356. EH. Linnea, Andr.

Heathery, t. 752, and Col. Heaths, t. 106? EE, linneana, Lodd.

Bot. Cab. t. 102?

VaR. 8, latifolia (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 634); leaves linear-lanceolate,

broader, more rigid, incurved, hispid; sepals lanceolate, slightly dilated at the

base ; corolla 7-8 lin. long. :

Var. y, lanceolata (Bolus); leaves lanceolate, broader than in var. 8, in-

curved ; sepals narrow-lanceolate, not dilated at the base, the lower half

searious, foliaceous above ; corolla 9-10 lin. long.

SoutH AFRiIca: without locality, Mund § Maire ! and cultivated specimens !

Coast REGIon, from near sea-level to 3000 ft.: Caledon Div.; near the -

mouth of Klein River, Masson, 50! Klein River Kloof, Zeyher, 3165! near

Hawston, Schlechter, 9477! between Houw Hoek and Bot River, Galpin,

3576! Houw Hoek, Schlechter, 9426! near Babylon’s Tower, Templeman in

Herb. MacOwan, 2747! Var. B, Caledon Div.; near the mouth of the Klein

River, Masson, 112! Var. y, Caledon Div.; Zwart Berg, Miss Borcherds in

Herb. Bolus, 6286!

__ Judging from numerous flowers examined, this species seems to differ from its

allies by its constantly 8-celled ovary. The alternate dissepiments are some-

times not quite complete to the central column; but are usually so, and always

nearly so. In other respects the species resembles some forms of FE. curviflora,

but the anther is slightly different.

63, E. colorans (Andr. Heathery, t.209); 1-2 ft. high; branches

virgate, hirsute ; leaves 4-nate, erect-spreading or incurved, linear-

subulate, subtrigonous, keeled, glabrous, ciliate, 11-2 lin. long;

flowers 1-4-nate, on short branchlets densely crowded into a pseudo-

raceme below the ends of the branches; pedicels 1—% lin. long;

bracts subremote, small and narrow; sepals lanceolate, acuminate,

scarious, keel-tipped, ciliate, about 22 lin, long; corolla tubular,

with a slight globose swelling below the apex (not always visible in

dried specimens), mostly straight, glabrous, dry, white, rosy towards

the apex, somewhat transparent, 7-8 lin. long; limb short, acute,

subincurved, 1-1} lin. long; anthers included, subsemiovate, trun-

cate at the broad base, black, less than + lin. long, decurrent-

denticulate along the filament; ovary glabrous. Andr. Col. Heaths,

t. 223; Bot. Reg. t. 601; Lodd. Bot. Cab, t. 224; Benth. in DC.

Prodr, vii. 634,

Coast Reaton: Bredasdorp Div. ; near streams on the downs and mountains

near Elim, 100-1600 ft., Bolus, 6760! Schlechter, 7693! andin MacOwan, Herb.

Aust.-Afr., 1921! Also cultivated specimens !

A well-marked species, most nearly allied to EB. perspicua (with which it

Erica.) ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 81

appears sometimes to hybridize naturally), and also to E. vanthina. The globose

swelling of the corolla when in the living state, or when (as occasionally

happens) visible in the dried state, and the appendiculate anthers, will always

a to distinguish it. Andrews’ figure cited is excellent; the others fairly

good,

64. E. verticillata (Berg. Descr. Pl. Cap. 99, not of Andr.);

erect, 4-5 ft; high; branches spreading or erect; leaves 4—5—6-nate,

densely imbricate, erect or spreading, linear, convex and suleate

below, glabrous, the younger ciliate, 2-3 lin. long ; flowers mostly

4-nate in wild specimens (in cultivated plants umbellately 3-10-fld.,

Andrews), usually crowded on short branchlets in dense oblong

pseudo-racemes below the ends of the branches; flowers erect or

spreading ; pedicels 1 lin. long; bracts approximate, linear, folia-

ceous ; sepals linear from an ovate scarious base, foliaceous, ciliate,

2~2> lin. long; corolla tubular, mostly straight, pubescent, dry,

rosy, 7-10 lin. long; limb erect or spreading; anthers included,

oblong, curved ; filament inserted about the middle of the cell to

the thick dorsally-projecting connective, about 4 lin, long, muticous ;

ovary completely 8-celled ; capsule at length splitting into 8 valves,

crowned at the apex by a callous cup-like process (‘‘concave-trun-

cate” (Bentham), glabrous. E. concinna, [Soland. in] Ait. Hort.

Kew. ed. 1, ii. 23; Andr. Heathery, t. 58, and Ool. Heaths, t. 82;

Wendl. Hric. Ic. fase. 9,9; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 636. £.

paludosa, Salisb. Prodr, 293, and in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 356.

E. abietina, Andy. ex G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii, 823, not of Linn.

nor Berg.

? Var. 8, Boxburghii (Bolus); leaves 4-nate; corolla tubular-oblong or

tubular-obeonic, 4-5 lin. long; ovary callous-crowned, sub-8-celled, glabrous.

E. Roxburghit, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 682.

Sourn AFRicaA: without locality, Thunberg.

Coast Rereron: Cape Div.; on the Flats in the vicinity of Cape Town,

Wynberg and Rondebosch, Burchell, 700! 765! Niven, 206! Zeyher, 1085!

Bolus, 2965! 8755! and in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 14! Schlechter, 7534!

Aiso cultivated specimens! Var. B: Stellenbosch Div.; in marshy places,

Roxburgh! Niven!

Readily recognized by its peculiar anther, and callous-crested 8-celled ovary.

(There is, however, a less marked form of these callous protuberances in £.

curviflora, var. Burchellit, which has a 4-celled ovary.) Respecting the var B,

Bentham says that on the authority of the collectors it was found growing with

E. verticillata and EF. pyramidalis, and was thought by them to be a hybrid

between those species. He adds that it is intermediate between them, and

seemed to have perfect seeds. It appears to us better to regard it as a short-

flowered form of E. verticillata (not a few instances of this variation occurring in

other sections) ; and its sepals, anthers and ovary agree fur better with this

ies than with E. pyramidalis. The anther, especially, of E. Rowburghii,

agrees almost exactly with the peculiar anther of this species.

65. E. mertensiana (Wendl. ex Klotzsch in Linnea, ix. 659);

erect, 2 ft. high; branches puberulous, reddish ; leaves 3-4-nate,

_ erect-spreading, linear, flat above, convex and sulcate below, sub-

glabrous, 3-4 lin. long; flowers 3-nate, erect ; pedicels 23-3 lin. .

long; bracts subremote, linear, acute, pubescent; sepals broad

ovate, acuminate, puberulous, keel-tipped, purplish-green, 2 lin. long ;

_ VOL. IV.—SEOT. I. fe G

82 ERICACES. (Guthrie & Bolus), [ Lrica.

corolla clavate, straight, glabrous, blood-red, faintly ribbed, 9 lin.

long; limb short, erect, crenulate, concolorous; anthers exserted,

aristate, awns short; ovary silky. Benth. in DC, Prodr, vii,

635.

- Sout Arnica: cultivated specimen in Herb. Wendland,

Only known to us from the above description. We have not seen any specimen

which agrees with it.

66. E. cruenta (Soland. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, ii. 16);

erect, 2-8 ft. high; leaves 3-nate (3~4-nate, Bentham), spreading or

incurved, imbricate, linear, glabrous or the younger pubescent, 2}—4

lin. long; pedicels 3 lin. long; bracts mostly small and remote,

rarely approximate ; sepals ovate, acute, or lanceolate, acuminate,

about 2 lin. long; corolla clavate-tubular or trumpet-shaped, gla-

brous, dry, 10-12 lin. long, blood-red; filaments slender, wider at

the base, usually affixed at an angle to the anther and shortly. below

its middle ; anther ineluded or subexserted, oblong, about 1 lin. long,

aristate ; awns sometimes short and partially subdecurrent along the

filament, or longer and hanging below the cell; more rarely muti-

cous; ovary glabrous. Bauer, Exot. Pl. t. 13; Wendl. Eric. Ie.

fase. 4,11; Andr. Heathery, t. 110, and Col. Heaths, t. 17; Lodd.

Bot. Cab. t. 1656; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 629. HE. melliflua,

Salisb. Prodr. 293, and in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 354. E. coccinea,

Drige, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 182.

Var. 8, mutica (Bolus); leaves broader; pedicels shorter, less than 1 lin.

long ; corolla 8-10 lin. long; anthers muticous. .

Var. y, buccinula (Bolus) ; pedicels 14 lin. long; sepals 2 lin. long ; corolla

tubular-funnel-shaped, curved, oblique at the mouth, paler purplish-red, 5-8 lin.

lone.

Var. 5, campanulata (Bolus) ; flowers 2-3-nate; corolla wide campanulate or

obeonic, purple or pink, 3-34 lin. long by 3-3} lin, wide at the mouth (when

flattened) ; anthers semi-obovate, muticous,

SoutH ARRicA: without locality, Thunberg, Drege! Herb. Salisbury! and

cultivated specimens f

Coast Ruaion: Caledon Div.; from Palmiet River to Zoetemelks Valley,

700-2500 ft., Burchell, 7580! 7928! MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm, Aust.-

Afr., 188! Schlechter, 5573! 5599; 7783! 10449! Swellendam Div.; near

Swellendam, Masson, 118! near Zuurbraak, Galpin, 3575! Var. B : Caledon

Div.; Houw Hoek, 1000 ft., Guthrie, 4590! Var. y: Caledon Div.; Palmiet

River, 800 ft., Guthrie, 2297! 3553! 4163! Var. 3: Bredasdorp Div.;

peed hare. 300 ft., Bolus, 6738! Caledon Div.; Diep Gat, 300 ft., Galpin,

The species is variable as to the length of sepals and corolla, and of anther-

appendages ; in var. 8, which differs little, the anthers are muticous. In var. y

the shorter and paler corolla gives so different an appearance that we should

have hesitated to place it here but for the presence of one specimen which

showed corollas on the same branch ranging from 6-8 lin. in length. Otherwise

the structure of the flowers is similar. This var. is intermediate in character

between the normal form and var. 6, and connects two forms which appear

widely different, though we cannot doubt their close relationship.

67. E. wendlandiana (Klotzsch in Linnwa, ix. 652); erect,

2 ft. high; branches crowded, elongate, flexuous, whitish ru-

berulous; leaves 3-nate, erect-spreading, linear, shortly pilose,

Erica.) ERICACcEE (Guthrie & Bolus), 83

2-3 lin. long ; inflorescenee sub-3-nate 3 flowers erect ; pedicels 2 lin.

tong ; bracts remote, linear, puberulous ; sepals leaf-like, lanceolate-

linear, shortly pilose, 12 lin, long; corolla clavate, puberulous,

subcostate, subdilated at the apex, brick-red, 8-9 lin. long; limb

short, recurved, concolorous ; filaments (and style) pilose ; anthers

far-exserted, aristate ; awns straight ; ovary “glabrous, capitate, the

capitulum pilose ” (Klotzsch). (Bentham says «“ Ovary capitate-

dilated at the apex, minutely puberulous”). Benth. in DC. Prodr.

vii. 629, :

bee Re@ion: Tulbagh Div. ; near Tulbagh, Mund ¥ Maire! in Herb,

ew. p

We have only seen one poor specimen, which could not be examined, and

have been obliged to confine ourselves to copying the author’s original de-

scription. Bentham saw a specimen in the Berlin Herbarium. It appears to be

allied to E. cruenta.

68, E. hematosiphon (Guthrie & Bolus); erect, somewhat

straggling, 1-11 ft. hieh ; branches spreading, pubescent ; leaves

4-nate, erect, incurved, imbricate, linear or linear-lanceolate, glabrous,

1-2} lin. long; flowers 3-4-nate ; pedicels slender, coloured, 2~22

lin, long; braets remote, small; sepals broad ovate or ovate-laneeo-

late, subfoliaceous with scarious margins, leathery, keeled, glabrous

or pubescent, 1-11 lin. long; corolla clavate-tubular, slightly and

obliquely curved or nearly straight, glabrous, dry, blood-red, 1~1

in. long; limb short, rounded, erect; filaments capillary ; anthers

included, ovate to subcuneate, about 2 lin. long, muticous; style

included, nearly straight ; ovary substipitate, glabrous,

Coast Reetoy, from 1700-5500 ft.: Clanwilliam Div.; without precise

locality, Leipoldt, 622! Ceres Div.; near Ceres, Guthrie, 3182! Gydouw

Mountain, Schlechter, 10045! Worcester Div.; Matroos Berg, Bolus in Herb.

Guthrie, 3946! _ :

A well-marked species, somewhat resembling E. chloroloma and EB. cruenta,

but easily distinguished from either. Schlechter’s specimens from a_ higher

altitude, but scarcely more than 10 or 12 miles distant, have shorter leaves,

corollas and anthers than Guthrie’s 3182, but otherwise agree. Guthrie's 3946

might be regarded as a distinct variety with laxer, weaker habit, pedicels up to

4 lin. long, broader sepals, and corolla 11 lin. long.

69. E. chloroloma (Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, t. 17); ereet, 2 ft.

high ; branches ascending, stout, pubescent, furrowed with ridges

below the somewhat prominent leaf-cushions ; leaves 4—6-nate, erect-

spreading, imbricate, linear, minutely seabrid-pubescent, 3-42 lin,

long ; flowers mostly 3-nate, occasionally 4-nate, or solitary ; pedicels

13-2 lin. long; bracts subremote, minute; sepals linear from an

ovate scarious-edged ciliate base, acute, keeled, 11 lin. long; corolla

clavate-tubular, very slightly constricted at the throat, little curved,

glabrous, dry, red, 7-8 lin. long; limb very short, green; anthers

ineluded, linear, 14 lin. long, aristate; awns less than half the

length of the cell; style at length exserted; ovary glabrous.

Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 629. E. dregeana, Klotzsch in Linnea,

xii, 50], ,

@ 2

84 ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

Coast Rrcion: Uitenhage Div.; without precise locality, Zeyher ! Port

Elizabeth Div. ; hills near Port Elizabeth, Zeyher ! Pappe! Mrs. Helland, 231

Miss West! and in MacOwan, Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1919!

70. E. brachialis (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 367); erect,

1-91 ft. high; branches numerous, erect or divarieate, very stout

and rigid, densely leafy, tomentose, becoming glabrous ; leaves

scattered or 4—6-nate, erect-incurved, densely imbricate, narrow-

oblong, subobtuse, convex and sulcate below, minutely serrulate,

glabrous or minutely puberulous, 2} lin. long; inflorescence, umbel-

late ; umbels 1—5- (mostly 3—4-) flowered ; flowers erect or spreading ;

pedicels 3-4 lin. long, pubescent ; bracts subapproximate, leaf-like ;

sepals lanceolate, subobtuse, suleate-keeled in the upper half, scarious

below, pubescent, 33 lin. long ; corolla tubular, slightly narrowed in

the middle, cano-pubescent externally and within, dry, thick and

rigid, pale ochre-yellow, 7-8 lin. long ; limb short, slightly spreading,

less than 1 lin. Jong; filaments short, contracted from a wide base,

thickened and bent into a subsigmoid flexure below the anther ;.

anthers included, dorsifixed, linear, smooth, muticous, 2 lin. long,

equalling in length the filaments ; style slender, shortly exserted ;

ovary 4-celled, glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 635.

Coast Rreton: Cape Div. ; Camps Bay, Alewander, 4! on low granite hills

near the western coast, between Table Bay and Hout Bay, Marloth in Herb.

Bolus, 4922! Bolus Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 347! Chapmans Peak, Wolley

Dol, 949! Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland, Masson in Herb. Salisbury / 4

A singular species, unlike any other known to us. Bentham places it in this

section with doubt, and suggests Dasyanthes, in which, however, we cannot

concur. It seems to be confined to the Cape Peninsula. No recent collector has

found it elsewhere, and Salisbury’s citation of “‘ Hottentots Holland” is probably

quite erroneous in this as in many other instances.

Section V. DASYANTHES. (Sp. 71-77.)

71. E. strigilifolia (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 367); erect,

1-11 ft. high; branches slender; leaves 4-nate, erect or slightly

spreading, closely imbricate, oblong or cuneate-oblong, acute, roughly

hispid and pectinate-ciliate with rigid pallid hairs, thick and rigid,

3-2 lin. long; flowers 4-nate, cernuous; pedicels stout, under

1 lin. long ; bracts approximate, like the leaves and as long; sepals

like the bracts, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, pectinate-ciliate, 2-25

lin. long; corolla tubular, slightly inflated in the middle, contracted

at the throat, puberulous all over and in the upper portion also

clothed with longer shaggy or barbellate hairs, white, 7-9 lin. long ;

limb short, somewhat spreading ; anthers included, oblong, % lin.

long, muticous; style included (or possibly at length exserted ?) ;

ovary obconic, villous with long silky white hairs. JH. elongata,

Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 738; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 6387. £.

venusta, Klotzsch in Linnea, ix. 695, not of Salish. nor of Sinclair.

E. cerinthoides, Berg. Deser. Pl. Cap. 104, not of Linn. E.

cerinthoides, var. y, Thunb. Diss. Erica, 26, and Fl. Cap. ed.

Schultes, 354. E. strigiliflora, Steud. Nomencl. ed. 2, i. 580.

« Var. B, rosea (Bolus) ; sepals oblong-lanceolate, subobtuse, softly puberulous,

rosy; corolla rosy ; anthers short-aristate, awns }—} lin. long.

Erica.] ERICACE® (Guthrie & Bolus). 85

Pos Arrica: without locality, Thunberg, Drége, 7730! 7731! Mund &

Loire !

Coast Recion : Oudtshoorn Div.; Zwartberg Pass, 4200 ft., Marloth, 2406!

Kolbe! Var. B: same locality, 4900 ft., Marloth, 2404!

Much resembling the following species, but distinguishable by its sepals. The

variety described may be connected by intermediate forms, but though we have

several specimens we have seen none.

72. E. pectinifolia (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 867); erect,

11-21 ft. high ; branches slender; leaves 4-nate, erect, imbricate or

sometimes shorter than the internodes, variable in size, from linear to

lanceolate and ovate, aeute, more or less open-backed, thick and

rigid, roughly and thinly hispid, and pectinate-ciliate with long

pallid cartilaginous hairs, the floral leaves wider and passing gradually

into the form of the bracts, 13-3 lin. long; flowers mostly 4-nate,

cernuous or spreading; pedicels} lin. long; bracts approximate,

unguiculate, broad ovate or subtriangular, margins searious, rigidly

pectinate-ciliate, with a thick central nerve, about 3 lin. long ;

sepals like the bracts but the claw longer, and the blade somewhat

smaller, about 32 lin. long; corolla tubular, slightly inflated about

the middle, constricted below the short spreading limb, pubescent,

the upper part with longer barbellate or shaggy hairs, white or rosy,

7-9 lin. long; anthers included, oblong, 4 lin. long, shortly aristate ;

style exserted ; ovary obconieal, villous with long white silky hairs.

E. erubescens, Andr. Heathery, t. 113; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

637, not of Lodd. E. cerinthoides, var. B, Thunb. Diss. Erica, 26,

and Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 354.

Coast Rreron, on mountains at 400-600 ft.: Uniondale Div.; Lange Kloof

Mountains, Thunberg, Bolus, 2391! Humansdorp Div.; Kromme River, Niven,

167! Kruisfontein, Galpin, 3594! Clarkson, 400 ft., Schlechter, 6006! Zitzi-

kamma, Pappe! Uitenhage Div., near the Lead Mines, and between there

and Van Stadens River, Burchell, 4511! 4580! 4621! Van Stadens Mountains,

MacOwan, 1126! 2059! Bolus, 1578! Witte Klip, Bolus, 9132!

There has often been confusion of this species with the preceding. Yet

according to Salisbury’s own description the peculiar sepals and bracts of this

species separate the two quite effectually, and we have seen no intermediate or

doubtful forms. The resemblance is considerable at first sight, but is only

superficial. This species, so far as we know, is much commoner and more widely

distributed than the preceding.

73. E. Sparrmanni (Linn. f. in Vet. Acad. Hand]. Stockh. 1778,

21, t. 2); erect, 1-11 ft. high, with the habit of the preceding ;

leaves 4-nate, suberect, imbricate, linear-lanceolate, subobtuse, deeply

suleate or somewhat open-backed, rigidly hispid and pectinate-

ciliate, 2-8 lin. long; flowers 4-nate on short branchlets, cernuous ;

pedicels about 1 lin. long; bracts approximate, lanceolate, hispid and

ciliate like the leaves, paler and more naked below, about 2 lin. long ;

sepals like the bracts but linear-lanceolate, 3 lin. long; corolla

tubular, inflated about the middle, densely hispid with long coarse

setose yellow hairs, yellow or greenish-yellow, }—$ in. long;

segments erect, deltoid, subacute ; anthers included, oblong, 1 lin,

long, muticous; style exserted; ovary obconic, villous with white

86 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

silky hairs. Linn. Aman. Acad. ed. Schreb. x. App. 123, t. 6;

Thunb. Diss. Hrica, 26; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 686. E.

hystriciflora, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 367. E. aspera,

Andr. Heathery, t.104, and Col. Heaths,t.148. EH. armata, Spreng.

Syst. Veg. ii. 184? not of Klotzsch.

Coast Recion: Uniondale Div.; mountains of Long Kloof Thunberg, Drége.

Humansdorp Div. ; mountains near Storms River, Herb. MacOwan, 3370! near

Kromme River, Drége, Masson, 101! Niven, 166! near Clarkson, 250-800 ft.,

Schlechter, 6010! Galpin, 3593! Also cultivated specimens !

A distinct species; recognized by the inflated, almost narrow-ovoid, corolla,

and its peculiar long bristly yellow hairs,

74, E. doliiformis (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 368); under

1 ft. high; branches ereet or spreading ; leaves sub-6-nate, crowded,

spreading and upcurved, or subsquarrose, linear, glabrous, glandular-

ciliate, 5-6 lin. long; flowers umbellate; pedicels 5-7 lin, long,

glandular-pubescent ; bracts approximate, linear, foliaceous, 23—3 lin.

long ; sepals linear-lanceolate, acuminate, glandular, slightly exceed-

ing the bracts ; corolla tubular-inflated, narrowed to base and apex,

glandular-pubescent, 5-7 lin. long, rosy ; anthers subincluded,

oblong, very shortly decurrent-aristate, nearly 1 lin. long; style

shortly exserted ; ovary turbinate, thinly puberulous. Z. blanda,

Andr. Heathery, t. 107, and Col. Heaths, t. 152, not of Salisb. ;

Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 13; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 686. E. mam-

mosa, Thunb. Diss. Erica, 42, not of Linn. E. metuleflora, Andr.

Heathery, t. 224, and Col. Heaths, t. 185; Bot. Mag. t. 612; and

var. discolor, Andr. Heathery, 269. —

_ Sovrn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg.

Coast Reeion: Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, 2000-3000 ft., Drége, 1146!

7736! Paarl Div.; French Hoek, Niven, 149! Also cultivated specimens !

Apparently a rare species, not found by any recent collector. There are good

specimens in the Cape Govt. Herb. but without any indication of origin. It

seems to be usually distinguishable by its long slender glandular-hairy pedicels

and puberulous ovaries.

75. E. splendens (Andr. Heathery, t. 240, not of Wendl.) ;

erect, 1-2 ft. high; branches spreading, flexuous, rigid, pubescent or

pilose ; leaves 4-nate, densely crowded, erect or spreading, imbricate,

linear, oblong or laneeolate, subobtuse, pubescent, ashy-grey, hispid-

ciliate, 1j-2 lin. long; flowers 4-nate or umbellate, cernuous,

spreading or erect ; pedicels pubescent and glandular-pilose, 4~8 lin.

long ; bracts from approximate to subremote, linear or oblong, obtuse,

pubescent and glandular-pilose, 13-21 lin. long; sepals like the

bracts, but linear-lanceolate, 2-3 Jin. long; corolla wide-tubular-

inflated, sometimes asymmetrically so, straight or eurved, pubescent,

dry, blood-red or pink, 3-1 in. long; anthers subexserted, linear,

about 1 lin. long, ‘cristato-aristate ; awns curved-subulate, lacerate on

the outer edge, ;—5 lin. long; filaments capillary ; style exserted ;

ovary oval, villous. Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 275. E. tumida, Ker-

Gaul. in Bot. leg. t. 65; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 636.

rica.) ERICACEX (Guthrie & Bolus). 87

Var. 8, minor (Bolus); smaller in all parts; corolla somewhat less inflated,

narrower, shorter and scarcely curved, pink, 5-6 lin. long.

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div.; slopes of Winterhoek Mountains, 5000 ft.,

Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 5905! Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4174! Var. 8: Clan-

william Div. ; Snecuwkop, Cederberg Range, Leipoldt, 623!

CENTRAL RxEGton: Ceres Div.; Table Mountain in the Cold Bokkeveld,

5500 ft. Schlechter, 10102!

The var. 8 has some curious points of resemblance to E. armata, Klotzsch in

the section Myra. The species appears to be somewhat rare.

76. E. Oatesii (Rolfe in Oates, Matabeleland, ed. 2, 402, t. 11) ;

erect, 1-4 ft. high; branches spreading, pubescent and _ hispid;

leaves 3-4-nate (sometimes on the same branch), spreading and

recurved or suberect, narrow-linear, subacute, puberulous or roughly

hispidulous, naked or ciliate with long gland-tipped hairs, margins

reflexed, the broader forms often open-backed, 3-4! lin. long;

flowers in more or less close, few-flowered umbels ; pedicels pubescent,

3 lin. long; bracts, two approximate, the lower remote, or all sub-

remote, oblong or linear-pubescent, gland-ciliate, 2-3 lin. long ;

sepals lanceolate, acute or acuminate, somewhat scarious below and

tapering to a linear foliaceous point, pubescent, gland-ciliate, 23-;

lin. long; corolla ovoid-tubular (or ‘‘ellipsoid-ureeolate,” Rolfe),

glabrous or puberulous, scarlet, 5-61 lin. long ; limb short, suberect ;

anthers included, dorsifixed shortly above the base, semiovate, 3—2

lin. long, shortly awned ; style included, rarely subexserted ; ovary

villous.

Var. 8, latifolia (Bolus) ; leaves somewhat shorter and broader than in the

type, sublanceolate, more or less open-backed, suberect, pubescence more copious

and more grey ; corolla usually somewhat smaller, 5-54 lin. long, scarlet.

EAsTERN Re@ion: Natal; between Pietermaritzburg and Crocodile River,

Oates! Amajuba Hill, Todd in Herb. Wood, 1638! Mrs. Steinbank in Herb.

Wood, 3640! Buffalo River, McKen, 3! Var. 8: Natal; Amawahqua Moun-

tain, 6000-7000 ft., Wood, 4622! Weenen County, Evans, 399! Cathkin ©

sae 8000-10000 ft., Thode, 62a! Bushmans River, 6000-7000 it., Thode,

62b !

_ Kananart Recton: Orange River Colony; Allanvale Farm, near the

Drakensberg, 5500 ft., Grisbrook in Herb. Guthrie, 3005!

This species almost unites the two sections Dasyanthes and Ephebus, and is

placed here on account of its affinity to E. splendens, which, like it, is also a

plant of the higher mountains, though the stations are widely separated. The

variety is not very distinct, and Evans’ 399 connects the two. It may be known

from all forms of EL. cerinthoides by its usually shorter, broader and less hairy

corolla, and the distinct awns of its anther,

[The rosy-purple colouring of the original plate was adapted from the dried

specimens. Collectors state that the flowers are scarlet,—N. E. Brown. ]

77. E. cerinthoides (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 505); erect, 2-3 ft.

high ; branches ascending, often virgate and simple ; leaves 4—5-6-

nate, from erect and closely imbricate to spreading, squarrose or

recurved, linear or linear-lanceolate, blunt, deeply suleate to sub-

open-backed, variably pubescent and mostly glandular, hispid and

ciliate, more rarely glabrous and naked, 3-8 lin. long by }—} lin.

wide ; flowers umbellate ; pedicels glabrous or pubescent, 1—6 lin.

long; bracts approximate, or one subremote, linear-lanceolate, oblong

88 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hrica.

or lanceolate, acute or subobtuse, gland-hispid and ciliate, about

2 lin. long; sepals like the bracts but larger, from 2-3} lin. long ;

corolla tubular, more or less inflated, slightly constricted at the

mouth, more or less pubescent, usually both shortly so and also

pilose with longer (sometimes glandular) hairs, mostly erimson, more

rarely rosy, 1-14 in. long; limb spreading or erect ; anthers in-

eluded, dorsifixed just above the base, oblong, pallid, about 1 lin.

long, muticous or with very short or rudimentary minute horns;

style included or exserted ; ovary broadish turbinate, villous. Bauer,

Exot. Pl. t. 30; Andr. Heathery, t. 207, and Col. Heaths, t. 11 ;

Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 7,9; Bot. Mag. t. 220; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t.

1679; Herb. Amat. t. 108; Thunb. Diss. Erica, 25, and Fl. Cap.

ed. Schult. 354; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 636. LE. pulviniformis,

Salisb. Prodr. 295. . erinifolia, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi.

367. E. verecunda, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1827? not of Salisb. E.

Meuroni, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 686? E. metulzflora, Klotzsch

in Linnea, xii. 502, not of Andr. nor others.

Var. B, barbertona (Bolus); corolla broadly tubular, slightly inflated in the

middle and constricted at the throat, viscose-pubescent, 6 lin. long. LE.

barbertona, Galpin in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 148.

Coast Resion, frequent on plains and mountains, ascending to 6000 ft. :

Worcester Div., Cooper, 1656! 1746! Drége! Malmesbury Div.; Groene Kloof,

Drege ; Cape Div. ; around Cape Town, Thunberg, Burchell, 53! 395! 583!

8469! 8536! Niven, 168! Drége! Marloth in MacOwan Herb. Aust.-Afr.,

1489! Ecklon, 100! Wilms, 3443! Caledon Div., Burchell, 7609! 7648! 7695!

7827! 8181! Riversdale Div., Burchell, 6768! George Div.; near Kaymans

River, Burchell, 5794! Knysna Div., Pappe! Uitenhage Div., Cooper, 1486!

Bolus, 1575! Port Elizabeth Div., Burchell, 4474! Albany Div., MacOwan!

Scott-Etliot, 749!

KALAHARI ReGion: Basutoland, Cooper, 758! Transvaal; Waterfall Creek,

McLea in Herb. Bolus, 3036! Macmac Falls and head of Sabie River, Mudd!

oe Wilms, 913! Var. 8: Transvaal! near Barberton, 4500 ft., Galpin,

Eastern Recion: Tembuland; Bazeia Mountain, Bawr, 539! Pondoland,

Bachmann, 1003! Natal; Inanda, Wood, 507! near Murchison, Wood, 3042!

Mood Var. 8: Swaziland; Havelock Concession, Saltmarshe in Herb. Galpin,

An extremely variable species, chiefly as to pubescence, leaves, and size of

corolla. With a very large suite of specimens before us we cannot define any

distinct varieties, except that above mentioned ; this is probably a stunted form

caused by burning by grass-fires of which the specimens show evidence; the

corolla is shorter and relatively broader, but there is little else to distinguish it,

and other specimens show corollas as short but relatively narrower. E. Meuroni

(judging from Bentham’s description) can only be a rather more glabrous form

of this species. He himself appeared to be doubtful of it and the garden speci-

meus marked by him, which we have examined, show scarcely any differences.

The species is one of the most widely spread in the genus.

Section VI. CHONA. (Sp. 78.)

78. E. embothriifolia (Salisb, in Trans, Linn. Soc. vi. 379);

erect, 9-18 in. high; branches slender, ascending or spreading,

glabrous, puberulous or viscid with gland-tipped hairs; leaves

-nate, often subdistant, or shorter than the internodes, erect-spread-

Brica.| ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 89

ing to squarrose-recurved, linear, acute or obtuse, slender, sub-

terete, sulcate, ciliate and tipped with long glandular hairs, 4-7 lin.

long; flowers umbellate ; pedicels slender, striate, viscid, 5-8 lin.

long; bracts remote, lanceolate, 1 lin. long ; sepals linear to lanceo-

late, subaeute, tipped with a glandular seta, margins involute, gland-

ciliate, viscid, polished, 2-3 lin. long; corolla tubular below, in-

flated above, constricted at the throat, puberulous, rather viseid,

red, about 1 in. long; segments short, broad, recurved-spreading ;

anthers exserted, cohering into a conical tube round the style,

dorsifixed, linear, slender, 13-3 lin. long, aristate; awns very

slender, of variable length; style exserted beyond the anthers;

ovary cylindrical, glabrous. E. Nivenia, Audr. Heathery, t. 76, and

Col. Heaths, t. 112. E. Niveni, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 635,

Var. B, longiflora (Bolus) ; corolla-tube longer and more slender in the lower

portion, 10-12 lin, long ; anthers 3 lin. long. E. Nivenia, var. longiflora, Andr.

Heathery, t. 227, and Col. Heaths, t. 189.

Var. y, subequalis (Bolus); corolla with a less inflated subequal tube,

slightly widening from the base upwards, 7-8 lin, long, 2 lin. wide; awns of

the anther very short; ovary pilose near the top.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Herb. Salisbury! Var. B: Cape Gov.

Herb. !

Coast Recion: Caledon Div. ; mountain tops near Genadendal and Baviaans

Kloof, Niven, 154 partly! Masson, 39! Burchell, 7749! Bolus, 5399! and in

Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 348! Schlechter, 10304! Galpin, 3592! near Appels

Kraal, Zeyher, 3173! Var. 8: mountains of Zoetemelks Valley, Masson, 38!

Niven, 154 partly! Grisbrook in Herb. Guthrie, 3300 !

Section VII. BACTRIDIUM. (Sp. 79-80.)

"9, E. fascicularis (Linn. f. Suppl. 219); 2-6 ft. high;

branches long, virgate, slender, terminating in a conspicuous rosette

of large pinkish green-tipped flowers ; leaves G-nate or scattered,

erect-spreading ; petioles capillary, 1) lin. long; blade linear, sub-

terete, blunt, glabrous, the whole }—3 in. long ; flowers 10-25 in

the umbel, sometimes pseudo-lateral owing to new growth ; pedicels

3-4 lin. long; bracts foliaceous, linear, remote or subremote ;

sepals narrow-lanceolate, acute, foliaceous, glabrous, rather viscid,

about 8 lin. long; corolla tubular, equal, viscid, glossy, Ly in.

long, rosy below, paler upwards ; segments subdeltoid, incurved,

greenish; anthers oblong; awns straight, shorter than the cells.

Bauer, Exot. Pl. t. 6; Wendl. Eric. Te. fase. 14,29; Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 637. -E. octophylla, Thunb. Diss. Erica, 44, t. 3. E.

coronata, Andr. Heathery, t. 109, and Col. Heaths, t. 15. £.

radiiflora, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. V1. 360.

imperialis (Bolus) ; corolla inflated about the middle; segments a

vieste: Soma ae pee eos "RB. imperialis, Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 289, and

Heathery, t. 266. :

SourH AFRICA: without locality, Herb. Salisbury ! ; i

Coast ReGion, ascending to 3 ft.: Stellenbosch Div.; in and near

Lowrys Pass, Burchell, 8219! 8272! MacOwan Sf Bolus, Herd. Norm. Aust.-

Afr., 15! Hottentots Holland, Thunberg. Caledon Div.; Baviaans Kloof,

Burcheli, 7670! near Hemel-en-Aarde, Zeyher, 3195! Houw Hoek, Scott-

Elliot ! Genadendal Mountains, Galpin, 3596! Bredasdorp Div. ; near Hagel

90 ERICACEZ (Guthrie & Bolus). | Hrica.

Kraal, Mund! near Elim, Bolus, 6755! near the mouth of the Ratel River,

Boius! near Brand Fontein, Schlechter, 10582! Var. 8, Caledon Div. ; moun-

tains near Appels Kraal, Zeyher, 3195! and without precise locality, Herb.

Bolus, 6881!

Bentham regarded E. imperialis, Andr., as a garden hybrid between this and

some other species. It has been found at least twice since growing wild, and

exhibited at the Caledon Flower Show in 1897, and is probably an ordinary

form of the present species. Zeyher’s specimens of 3195 are from two stations

cited above, and those in Herb. Berlin are certainly of the var. 8; of the other

we are now somewhat uncertain,

80. E. Massoni (Linn. f. Suppl. 221); erect, 1-11 ft. high;

branches spreading ; leaves 4—G6-nate, closely crowded and densely

imbricate, erect or subspreading, oblong, obtuse, flat, long-ciliate,

2 lin. long ; umbels 5-10-flowered ; pedicels lanate, 4 lin. long ; bracts

subremote, long-haired, 2 lin. long; sepals lanceolate or oblong,

blunt, sulcate, glossy, very viscid, more or less long-hairy, 2-22 lin.

long; corolla tubular, asymmetrically inflated, subglobosely swollen

below the mouth, extremely viscid, red or orange with a green limb,

about 1 in. long; stamens subincluded; filaments capillary,

thickened and curved at the insertion of the oblong dorsifixed

muticous anther. Thunb. Diss. Erica, 27, t.3; Bauer, Exot. Pl. t.

20; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 26,6; Bot. Mag. t. 356; Lodd. Bot.

Cab. t. 1069 ; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 638. E. Massonia, Andr.

Heathery, t. 128, and Col. Heaths, t.36. E. lycopodiifolia, Salish.

Prodr. 294, and in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 361.

Var. 8, minor (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 638); corolla shorter and less in-

flated ; bracts and sepals linear and less ciliate. £. gemmifera, Lodd. Bot. Cab.

t. 457; Bot. Mag. t. 2266.

Sour AFRIca: without locality, Herb. Salisbury! Var. B: cultivated

specimen!

Coast REGION, on mountains, 1000-3500 ft.: Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots

Holland, Thunberg! Niven, 170! Zeyher, 3180! Bolus, 4171! and in Herb.

Norm, Aust.-Afr., 16! Caledon Div.; near Palmiet River, Burchell, 81731

Klein Houw Hoek, Niven, 169! Houw Hoek Mountains, Burchell, 8155!

Guthrie, 2298 !

Very distinct from the preceding by its habit and its hairy, usually close-

pressed leaves; the anther is also different. The var. 8 is unknown to us except

from the figures quoted. As the large-flowered form is related to E. squarrosa,

so is this variety to our E. Gysbertii, of the same section.

Section VIII. EURYLOMA. (Sp. 81-95.)

81. E. Gysbertii (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect; branches slender,

subvirgate ; leaves 4-nate, erect or slightly spreading, imbricate,

obtuse, thick, glabrous, sparsely ciliate with thickish white caducous

hairs, and tipped with a long brown bristle, including the longish

petiole 13-2} lin. long ; umbels 3—4-flowered ; pedicels slender, dark,

2 lin. long; bracts subapproximate, linear, ciliate and_bristle-

tipped with hairs much longer than themselves; sepals linear,

ciliate and tipped like the bracts, 12 lin. long, hairs sometimes

3} lin. long ; corolla tubular, only slightly inflated, suddenly con-

stricted at the throat, viscidulous; tube 4 lin. long, rosy; throat

Hrica.} ERICACE® (Guthrie & Bolus). 91

purple; limb paler; segments ovate, acuminate, 1 lin. long; fila-

ments capillary, dilated towards and near the anther; anthers

semiovate, subacute, curved or subcrescent-shaped, prognathous,

bilobed at the base, pallid, muticous, little exceeding + lin. long;

ovary elongate, shortly stipitate.

Coast Reacion : Stellenbosch Div.; on the western foot of the Hottentots

Holland Mountains, 200 ft., Guthrie, 3654!

Allied to E. squarrosa but the corolla has a different shape, the anthers dis-

tinctly prognathous, and the leaves not squarrose. Also allied to E, Massoni,

var. minor, judging by the figures of the latter, but seems distinct.

82. E. squarrosa (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 380); leaves

sub-4-nate, squarrose or spreading, more or less erowded, oblong,

obtuse, thickish, somewhat thinly ciliate with long spreading rusty

hairs, 2-3 lin. long; umbels many-flowered ; pedicels slender, viscid,

4-5 lin. long; bracts remote, linear, ciliate like the leaves, 1} lin.

long; sepals lanceolate, acute, barbed with long hairs at the

apex, keeled, 13 lin. long; corolla narrow-ovoid-urceolate, viscid,

glabrous, 5-6 lin. long; tube rosy; throat purple; segments

subacute, apparently white; filaments capillary, dilated near the

anthers; anther dorsifixed, oblong, slightly bent, scarcely progna-

thous or bilobed at the base, 2 lin. long, muticous; ovary distinctly

stipitate, glabrous. J. ferruginea, Andr. Heathery, t. 162, and Col.

Heaths, t. 168.

Coast Reaion: Paarl Div.; French Hoek Kloof, Niven, 151! Caledon

Div.; mountains near Zondereinde River, Masson, 40! Also cultivated speci-

mens !

A distinct and apparently rare species, no specimens having been collected, so

far as we know, during the last 100 years. It is closely allied to E. Gysbertii,

and has a curious resemblance in its leaves, authers and ovary to E. Massoni.

83. E. aristata (Andr. Heathery, t. 152); erect, glabrous;

leaves 4-nate, squarrose-recurved, narrow-oblong, acute, glabrous,

rigidly ciliate, 2}—-3 lin. long ; floral leaves more erect, longer and

bract-like ; umbels 4-flowered ; pedicels viscid, 3 lin. long; bracts

remote or subremote, linear-lanceolate, rigid, coriaceous, viscid, 5—4

lin, long; sepals linear-lanceolate, acuminate, coriaceous, viscid,

3-5 lin. long; corolla tubular-inflated, only slightly narrowed

above the middle, a little constricted at the throat, viscid, rosy,

with 8 darker red veins; tube 1 in. long; throat dark purple ; limb

white; segments spreading, oblong, retuse, wider than long, 1} lin.

long ; filaments slender, mueh dilated and darker coloured at the

apex near the anther, with a distinct dark central nerve; anthers

subcrescent-shaped, deeply bilobed, and subprognathous at’the base,

ever 11 lin, long, muticous; style equalling the stamens ; stigma

capitellate, very small ; ovary elongate, not or scarcely stipitate,

3 lin. long. Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 147; Bot. Mag. t, 1249; Lodd.

Bot. Cab. t. 73 (the two last excellent) ; Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii.

643.

Coast Recion: Riversdale Diy.; amongst shrubs, Platte Kloof, in the Cape

92 ERICACEX (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

Gov. Herb.! Caledon Div. ? locality unknown, exhibited at the annual show of

wild-flowers at Caledon, Sept., 1895, Herb. Guthrie, 3770!

We have seen no authentic specimens of this species, nor had Bentham, but

the excellent ones from Caledon (certainly wild) quoted above and from which

we describe, agree so exactly with the figures of Loddiges and the Bot. Mag.

that we have no doubt as to their identity.. It is the more interesting as leading

to the supposition that it is a genuine species and not, as Bentham thought

probable, a hybrid. Andrews’ t. 152 is not quite so representative of

the wild plant as known to us, as are the others. His t. 203, cited by Bentham,

appears to belong to E. retorta, Linn. f., and the two species have been confused

in herbaria.

84. E. retorta (Montin, in Kongl. Vet, Acad. Handl., 1774, 297,

t. 7); erect, subglabrous, 12-15 in. high ; branches many, straggling,

closely leafy ; leaves 4-nate, mostly revolute or squarrose-recurved,

crowded, ovate-lanceolate or oblong, acute, tipped with a long bristle,

ciliate, thick, rigid, about 2 lin. long; umbels 4—8-flowered ; pedicels

slender, glandular-viscid, 3 lin. long; bracts remote, oblanceolate,

acute, with a terminal bristle of their own length, scarious, softly

pubescent, ciliate, 2 lin. long; sepals lanceolate, otherwise like the

bracts but more foliaceous, 2-23 lin. long; corolla ampullaceous,

attenuate above but variable and the neck sometimes almost absent,

throat contracted, viscid, of almost hyaline texture; tube }—1 in.

long, pale rosy, throat and limb darker coloured; segments

ovate, acute, 1-12 or even 2 lin. long; filaments slender, only

slightly widened towards the anther; anther suberescent-shaped,

acute, bilobed and slightly prognathous at the base, $—Z lin. long,

more or less irregularly woolly with short white hairs, pallid; ovary

elongate, on a thickish stipe of nearly its own diameter. Linn. /.

Suppl. 220 ; Andr. Heathery, t. 144, and Col. Heaths, t. 54; Bot.

Mag. t. 362; Wendl. Eric. Ic. 15, 45,t.18; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t.

804; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 644. E. aristata, var. minor, Andr.

Heathery, t. 203, and Col. Heaths, t. 219,not of Linn. f. E. gorteria-

— Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 381. H. eaimia, Lodd. l.c. t.

1105.

Sourtn Arrica: without locality, Mund! Herb. Salisbury ! and cultivated

specimens !

Coast ReGion: Stellenbosch Div.: Hottentots Holland, Thwnberg. Caledon

Div.; Klein Houw Hoek, Niven, 152! Zeyher, 3196! southern slopes of

Great Houw Hoek Mountaius, 2800 ft., Bolus, 6954! 6955!

In habit and external appearance this much resembles FE, aristata ; but the

leaves and corolla are somewhat differently shaped, and the corolla-segments

afford an immediate means of distinction. It is apparently rare, or at least very |

local ; and only once have we seen some dozens of plants together. Specimens

with large and small corollas of either extreme in size, were found growing

intermixed.

85. E. lageneformis (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 382);

erect, glabrous ; branches flexuous; leaves 3-nate, erect-recurved,

oblong-linear, obtuse, 3-4 lin. long ; bracts subremote; sepals broad-

lanceolate, bluntish, coloured, about 23 lin. long; corolla elongate-

ampullaceous, or inflated at the base, gradually narrowing to the

apex into an elongate neck, viscidulous; tube rosy with darker red

Erica. | ERIcCACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 95

veins, 12-14 lin. long ; segments ovate, subobtuse, spreading, 4—5 lin.

long; anthers narrow-subereseent-shaped, somewhat prognathous,

bilobed at the base, muticous; ovary subsessile (in the figures

cited), stipitate (Bentham). EE. jasminiflora, Andr. Heathery, t. 26,

and Ool. Heaths, t. 29, not of Salisb.; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 27,

12; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 644. EF. pulcherrima, G. Don in

Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 3, 434.

Coast Reaion: Riversdale Div.; Platte Kloof, Masson in Herb. Salisbury !

Roxburgh. Also cultivated specimens !

86. E. jasminifiora (Salisb. Prodr. 293); erect, glabrous, 2 ft. or

more high; branches few, subvirgate or flexuous, slender, closely

leafy ; leaves 8-nate, adpressed, imbrieate or scarcely longer than the

internodes, linear, obtuse, mucronulate, thick, gland-ciliate, 3-5 lin.

long; flowers 2-3-nate, erect; pedicels slender, glandular, 4 lin,

long; bracts remote, linear, erect; sepals linear-oblong, acute,

concave, sulcate, viscid, gland-ciliate, } in. long; corolla-tube

cylindrical, nearly equal, 15-16 lin. long, 11 lin. wide, slightly

enlarged at the throat, white or pale rose with deeper red veins ;

segments spreading, ovate, obtuse, white or striped, about 5 lin.

long by 3 lin. wide; filaments slender, dilated at the anther;

anthers suberescent-shaped, acuminate, acutely bilobed and progna-

thous at the base, pallid, muticous, about 1} lin, long; ovary

cylindrical, subsessile. Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 382. LE.

Aitonia, Masson in Bot. Mag. t. 429; Andr. Heathery, t. 102, and

Col. Heaths, t. 1; var. B recta, Klotzsch in Linnea, x. 348, HE.

aitoniana, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 144; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 645.

E. Aitoni, Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 398.

Coast Rrcion: Caledon Div.; on the Zwart Berg, near the warm baths,

Paterson, Masson! Niven! Also cultivated specimens !

A very distinct and handsome species; now, apparently, so rare, that we

have heard of no collector since Niven’s time, about the early part of the

19th century. Bentham placed it in a special section, Platyloma, but the

grounds for separation from § Ewryloma appear insufficient.

87. E, Junonia (Bolus in Journ. Bot. 1894, 234) ; erect, glabrous,

1-2 ft. high; branches spreading and ascending; leaves 3-nate,

erect-spreading, imbricate, linear, 2-82 lin. long; umbels copious,

3-6-flowered ; pedicels 4-7 lin. long ; bracts remote, linear, 23-3}

lin. long; sepals linear-lanceolate, acuminate, red with a green

nerve, 3-52 lin, long; corolla subampullaceous, much inflated below,

with a very long much attenuate neck, dilated in the throat, dry or

slightly viscid, bright red, ribbed with 8 darker red veins; tube

9—20 lin. long; segments ovate, acute or acuminate, stellato-patent,

92-5 lin. long ; filaments very narrow at the base, widened upwards

but not dilated towards the anther ; anthers oblong, nearly straight,

bilobed, not prognathous at the base, pallid, about 1 lin. long or less,

aristate; awns very short, not reaching to the base of the anther;

ovary on a broadish, longer or shorter stipe, glabrous.

Var. 8, minor (Bolus) ; flower smaller in all parts; corolla-tube 8-10 lin,

long, with a smaller and shorter neck.

94 ERICACEM (Guthrie & Bolus). [Frica.

Coast Reaion: Ceres Div.; rocky ridges of the Skurfde Berg, near

Ceres, 5000 ft., Bodkin, Bolus in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 1309! Var. B:

Worcester Div. ; on Matroos Berg, 6000 ft., Marloth, 2208!

CenTRAL Ree@ion: Var. 8: Ceres Div.; Table Mountain, in the Cold Bok-

keveld, 6200 ft., Schlechter, 10100!

88. E. shannonea (Andr. Heathery, t. 239); erect, glabrous ;

branches somewhat flexuous ; leaves 3-nate, erect-spreading, curved,

linear-trigonous, acute, somewhat concave on the upper surface,

ciliate or naked, 4-9 lin. long (in our wild specimens not exceeding

z in.); pedicels slender, 7-9 lin. long; bracts remote, linear ;

sepals linear-lanceolate, acute, keeled, thick, red, 5—7 lin, long ;

corolla subampullaccous or oblong-tubular, inflated, tapering upwards

(but not into a long thin neck), contracted at the throat, viseidulous,

white with a rosy tinge (not apparently red-veined); tube 12-14 lin.

long ; segments spreading, ovate, subacute, white, 2-3 lin. long;

filaments slender, dilated at the anther, crumpled and bent; anthers

subcrescent-shaped, acute, prognathous and bilobed at the base,

pallid, nearly 12 lin. long, muticous ; ovary subturbinate, enlarging

gradually above the short stipe. Andr. Col. Heaths, t.273. FE.

Shannoni, Lodd, Bot, Cab. t. 168. E. shannoneana, Spreng. Syst.

ii. 185. EH. Shannonia, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. i. 261. E. shan-

noniana, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 644. EE. obesa, Tausch in Flora,

1839, 628, not of Salish. E. dianthiflora, Tausch in Flora, 1834,

594. FE. muscicapa, Tausch, Ic, 595.

_Coasr Reeion: Caledon Div., rather rare; near Klein River, Masson, 42!

mountains near Hartebeest River, King in Herb. Bolus! Bredasdorp Div. ;

Klands Kloof, 1200 ft:, Schlechter, 9753! Also cultivated specimens !

We describe chiefly from King & Schlechter’s excellent specimens which agree

well with Masson’s, and with Andrews’ figure. The species is very near to

E. lagenxformis, differing chiefly in its smaller corolla-limb and narrower leaves,

ri ve scarcely know the last-named well enough to warrant us in uniting

them here.

89. E. ampullacea (Curt. Bot. Mag. t. 303); erect, glabrous,

1-1} ft. high; branches of straggling habit, rigid; leaves 4-nate,

adpressed at the base, erect-recurved to subsquarrose, oval to lanceo-

late, blunt, thick, ciliate, 2-4 lin, long, the floral more or less

(sometimes much) dilated ; umbels 3-4-flowered ; pedicels stout,

3-4 lin. long; bracts approximate, oblanceolate or lanceolate,

_ ciliate, reddish, 3-4 lin. long ; sepals oblong, obtuse, ciliate, crimson,

3-4 lin. long ; corolla ampullaceous ; tube ovoid or subglobose below,

more or less gradually narrowed to the neck, then slightly dilated

at the throat, viscidulous, 9-12 lin. long, pale rose with darker red

veins ; segments spreading, broad ovate, very obtuse or subreniform,

erenulate, white (or spotted or edged with red), 2-3 lin. long ;

filaments widened at the anther; anthers subcrescent-shaped, acute,

slender, prognathous and bilobed at the base, pallid, 1-12 lin. long,

muticous; ovary subsessile or on a short broad stipe. Andr.

Heathery, t. 103, and Col. Heaths, t. 3; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 23,

169, ¢.64; Lodd. Bot Cab. t. 508; Tratt. Archiv. t. 285; Benth.

Erica. | ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). 95

in DC. Prodr, vii. 644. E. ampulleformis, Salish. in Trans. Linn.

Soc. vi. 881. EF. andrewsiana, Tausch, and EF. ampullacea, Tratt. ex

Tausch in Flora, 1834, 594 ?

Var. 8, obbata (Bolus); floral leaves usually more dilated than in the

assumed type; corolla with a somewhat thicker neck and throat; limb-

segments sometimes shorter, subreniform (and variously spotted or margined ?).

E. obbata, Andy. Heathery, t. 32, and Col. Heaths, t. 118; Benth. in DO.

Prodr. vii, 644, and var. umbellata, Andr. Il. cc. tt. 182; 190. E. capaa,

Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 331. E. pregnans, Soland. ex Salisb. l.c.

Coast Reeion: Caledon Div., somewhat rare; dry rocky places on the Zwart

Berg, Niven, 153! Bolus, 7405! Bodkin, in Herb. Bolus, 6953! Genadendal

Mountain, 2500 ft., Bodkin in Herb. Guthrie, 3610! Var. 8: Stellenbosch Diy. ;

Hottentots Holland, Masson in Herb. Salisbury! Caledon Div. ; Klein River

Kloof, Zeyher, 3198! Zwart Berg, Zeyher, 3197! Bredasdorp Div. ; frequent

on hills near Elim, Bolus, 6757! and in Herb. Aust.-Afr ,1628! Also cultivated

specimens of type and var. ! :

The var. obbata is scarcely separable by any constant characters, and. is noted

chiefly for convenience of reference to the old figures. It is merely a maritime

form, and specimens occur between Caledon and the sea which are intermediate

in one or the other character. We have not seen any wild plants coloured

as in Andr. J.c. tt. 32 and 132, and have little doubt that these are merely

horticultural variations.

90. E. irbyana (Andr. Heathery, t. 219); erect, glabrous, 1-12 ft.

high ; branches straighter, more slender and longer than in £#.

shannonea ; leaves 3-nate, spreading or erect or subadpressed, linear,

subtrigonous, acute, mucronate, 2—4 lin. long (or in Andrews’ figs. 6-9

lin.) ; umbels 3-8-flowered; pedicels 5-7 lin. long; bracts remote,

slender ; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, transversely wrinkled, viscid,

“deep red, 21-4 lin. long; corolla somewhat variable, suburceolate,

not much inflated, or subampullaceous with a thin neck, viseid, pale

flesh colour, 4—7 (or, in eultivated specimens, 10) lin. long ; segments

ovate, acute or obtuse, 14-3 lin. long; filaments and anthers as in

E. shannonea, the latter about 1 lin. long; ovary elongate, sub-

stipitate. Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 176; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 816

(probably a garden hybrid with a more slender corolla).

Sourn AFRIcA: without locality, Masson, 43! and cultivated specimens !

Coast REGION, on mountains 500-3500 ft. : Caledon Div.; Babylons Tower,

Guthrie, 4093! Vogel Gat, near Klein River mouth, Schlechter, 9552! Zeyher !

Bredasdorp Div.; near Elim, Bolus, 6753! near Koude River, Sehleciter,

9620! 9729! (the latter a short-flowered form with corollas 4-5 lin, long) !

Very like E. shannonea in miniature, but the habit and set of the leaves is

different, and the corolla with its relatively wider neck tends more towards an

urceolate than an ampullaceous shape.

91. E. curvifolia (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 380) ; erect,

s_]1 ft. high; branches few, slender, ascending; leaves 3-nate,

curved and spreading, a little longer or a little shorter than the

internodes, linear, blunt, glabrous, gland-ciliolate, thick, 2-3 lin.

long ; umbels 3-5-flowered ; pedicels slender, 21—3 lin. long ; bracts

subremote, slender, small ; sepals linear or linear-lanceolate, sulcate,

viscid, 2-23 lin. long; corolla tubular-inflated below, attenuate

above, or tubular-urceolate, glabrous, viscid, tube rosy, throat purple,

96 ERIcCACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Brica.

4 lin. long; segments spreading, white, under 1 lin. long; anthers

oblong, pallid, dorsifixed, straight or slightly curved at the base, but

not crescent-shaped nor prognathous, slightly bilobed at the base,

about + lin. long, muticous; style at length shortly exserted ; ©

ovary " stipitate, glabrous (“minutely hairy,” Salisbury); cells

several-ovuled. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 642. E. comptoniana,

Andr. Heathery, t. 2551, and Col. Heaths, t. 224 1%. EE. terminalis,

Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 509. FE. angusticollis, Bartl.in Linnea, vii.

638.

Var. 8, Zeyheri (Bolus) ; flowers larger, 7-8 lin. long. HE. Zeyheri, Spreng.

Tent. Suppl. Syst. Veg. 12; Benth. l.c. 643.

Soutu AFRICA: without locality, Roxburgh! Thunberg.

Coast Region: Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, Mulder ! Caledon

Div.; Baviaans Kloof, Niven, 148! Bodkin in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 346!

Genadendal Mountain, Bolus, 5401! Swellendam Div.; Tyger Hoek, Masson,

33! Var. B: Caledon Div.; tops of mountains near Genadendal, Burchell,

9750! Zeyher, 437 (ex Sprengel)! Bolus, 5400! and in Herb. Norm, Aust.-Afr.,

845! Schlechter, 103221

Chiefly variable in the size of the flowers. Salisbury appears to have founded

the species on the smaller size (corolla 4 lin. long) and Sprengel, his E. Zeyheri,

on the larger (7-83 lin.). E. comptoniana, Andr. Heathery, t. 255, figured from

a cultivated specimen, only differs slightly in the corolla,

92. E. pectinata (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 509, not of Bartl.) ;

erect, 14-2 ft. high; branches slender, ascending, subvirgate ;

leaves 3-nate, about as long as the internodes, erect, adpressed, tips

slightly recurved, linear or narrow-elliptical, blunt, glabrous, pecti-

nate-ciliate, thick, about 2 lin. long; umbels 4—6-flowered ; pedicels

glandular-hispid, 2-3 lin. long; bracts remote, sublinear, small,

viscid, gland-ciliate; sepals linear or linear-spathulate, glabrous,

foliaceous, dark purple, 1-14 lin. long; corolla elongate-elliptic or

tubular-ureeolate, mouth contracted, viscid, tuberculate-hispid, red,

5-6 lin. leng; segments short, suberect, searcely stellate-patent ;

filaments capillary; anthers oblong or cuneate, prognathous and

bilobed at the base, about 2 lin. long, decurrent-aristate ; awns

about 2 the length of the celi; ovary eylindrical, glabrous, on a

long slender stipe from 1-2 times its own length; cells 4-ovuled.

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 642.

Coast Reaion : Stellenbosch Div.; Lowrys Pass, Schlechter, 7241! Caledon

Div.; mountains near Grietjes Gat, between Palmiet River and Steenbrass River,

Zeyher, 3203! Klein River Mountains, 2000 ft., Bodkin in Herb. Guthrie,

4110! 4

93. E. trichroma (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 642); erect, about

1 ft. high; branches slender, irregularly spreading, 6-8 in. high ;

leaves 3-nate, erect and adpressed, or spreading, somewhat imbricate,

or only as long as the internodes, linear, acute or obtuse, glabrous,

ciliate, about 1 lin. long; bracts subremote, gland-ciliate, small ;

sepals linear, obtuse, margins incurved and gland-eiliate, foliaceous,

subviseid, red, 1-14 lin. long ; corolla tubular-ovoid, inflated below the

middle, attenuate above, very minutely tubereulate-hispid, viscidulous,

ee en nae ee a

Erica.| ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 97

rosy and purple, 3-4 lin. long ; segments erect, scarcely (in the dried

state) stellate-spreading ; filaments, for the greater part of their

length, adherent to the corolla-tube ; anthers dorsifixed, semiovate,

straight, not prognathous and scarcely bilobed at the base, pallid,

3-3 lin. long, subdecurrent-aristate, or free aristate; awns much

shorter than the cell, spreading; style ineluded; ovary on a stipe

of variable length, glabrous, cells 2-4-ovuled. , tricolor, Niven ex

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 642.

Var. 8, imbricata (Bolus); leaves more constantly imbricate and adpressed,

not spreading at the apex, and wider ; corolla somewhat more inflated.

SoutH AFrica: without locality, Masson !

Coast REGIon: Paarl Div.; French Hoek, 2000 ft., Niven, 147! Schlechter,

10278! Var, 8: Tulbagh Div. ; New Kloof, 2500 ft., Schlechter, 7580 !

Bentham describes the cells of the ovary as 2-ovuled. This is not constant.

An examination of Niven’s type 147, showed 12 ovules in the 4 cells, of Masson’s

17 ovules; of Schlechter’s 10278, 17 ovules, and in his 7530, 6 and 7. In

Schlechter, 10278, the corolla frequently has one or more short shred-like

blunt processes, which have not been seen upon the other specimens, This is

possibly insect-work.

94. E. tubercularis (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc, vi. 330);

apparently a dwarf shrub, glabrous; branches slender, subflexuous,

spreading; leaves 3-nate, imbricate, adpressed, linear-oblong, acute,

glabrous, thick, concave above, cartilagineo-serrulate, 1 lin. long;

flowers 2—3-nate, or more rarely subumbellate ; pedicels 3 lin. long,

downy ; bracts 3, minute ; sepals Janceolate-linear, about 2 lin. long ;

corolla ovoid, subacute at the diseoloured apex, more or less covered

with minute wart-like tubercles, rosy, about 2 lin. long; segments

erect and connivent (in the dried state), very short; anthers dorsi-

fixed, ovate, muticous, about + lin. long; ovary on a slender stipe

exceeding it in length ; ovules 2 (or sometimes by abortion 1) in each

cell. H. notabilis, Wendl. in Spreng. Syst. ii. 184. Eremia

tubercularis, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 700.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Rowhurgh!

Coast Rre@ton: Stellenbosch Div., Zeyher !

Like the preceding and the next species, this appears to be irregular in the

number of the ovules in each cell. Bentham apparently found flowers with one

only, and placed it in Hremia. But besides the fact of there being undoubtedly

two ovules present, it has very little resemblance to the other plants of that

genus, while it is very similar to the preceding species, than which it is generally

smaller in all parts.

95. E. rhodopis (Bolus); much branehed, 4-8 in. high; branches

ascending, flexuous, slender, glabrescent; leaves 3-nate, adpressed,

broadly linear, glabrous, somewhat shorter than the internodes,

14 lin. long; flowers usually terminal, or sometimes by the abortion

ot lateral branchlets pseudo-lateral, 2—3-nate; pedicels very slender,

& lin, long; bracts remote, minute ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, ubtuse,

glabrous, about } the length of the corolla; corolla ovoid, glabrous,

dry, rosy, 2-22 lin. long; segments deltoid, connivent in the dried

state, about 1 the length of the tube; anthers ovate-oblong, about

VOL. IV.—SECT. I. H

98 ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). | Brica.

1 lin, long, aristate ; awns spreading, a little longer than the cells ;

style included ; stigma capitate; ovary on a thick stipe about as

long as itself, cells 2- (or sometimes 1-?) ovuled. Hremia rhodopis,

Bolus in Journ. Bot. 1894, 239.

Coast Rreion: Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek, Pappe, 36! Guthrie, 2210!

Schlechter, 7548! near Bot River, Schlechter, 9440! Babylons Tower Mountain,

Zeyher, 3230 !

This has the aspect of the § Orophavies, from which it is separated by its

distinctly stipitate ovary and some other characters.

Section IX. CERAMUS. (Sp. 96-100.)

96. E. incarnata (Thunb. Diss. Erica, 50, not of Andr., nor of

Benth.) ; erect, a foot or more high; branches virgate, subflexuous,

thinly villous ; leaves 3-nate, adpressed or slightly spreading, narrow-

ovate, obtuse, somewhat concave on the upper surface, glabrous,

11-12 lin. long; flowers usually 3-nate, more rarely in 5—6-

flowered umbels, erect or suberect ; pedicels slender, glabrous, about

3 lin. long; bracts leaf-like, narrow-lanceolate, acute, the two upper

approximate, adpressed, the lowest at or near the base, larger and

more spreading ; sepals narrow-lanceolate, acute, glabrous, margins

naked, 12 lin. long; corolla inflated-urceolate, not tapering but

suddenly contraeted at the neck, or narrow-ovoid, 8—42 lin. long ;

limb spreading, small; segments rounded; anthers oblong, some-

what incurved, slightly prognathous, a little over 3 lin. long; pore

about tof the cell; cristate at the base ; crests lanceolate, acuminate,

dentate on the outer margin, about 4+ the length of the cell; ovary

upon a stipe of about its own length, or in some specimens longer,

and about 2 of its own diameter. H. amana, Salisb. Trans. Linn.

Soe. vi. 329, not of Wendl.

SoutH AFrRica: without locality, Thunberg !

Coast Rxecion: Clanwilliam Div.; on the Cederberg Range near Sneeuw

Kop and Wupperthal, 3500-4500 ft., Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 8630! Leipoldt,

621!

We have compared this with Thunberg’s type, which Bentham does not appear

to have seen. The plants so named by him, or distributed by others under this

- name, are forms of E. Savilea, trom which this differs by the position of its

bracts, by the shape of its sepals, anthers and their appendages, and by the

longer and narrower stipe of the ovary. The pedicels, bracts and sepals, and

in some specimens the flower-buds, are uniformly deep red.

97. E. Savilea (Andr. Heathery, t. 238); about 1 ft. high,

much branched; branches pubescent; leaves 4-nate (or sometimes

3-nate, Bentham), linear, subtrigonous, acute, glabrous, ciliate,

especially the younger, with long soft hairs, 1-3 lin. long; umbels

3--4-flowered ; pedicels slender, puberulous, 3-4 lin. Jong; bracts

remote, linear, small; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, keeled, scarious-

edged ; corolla urceolate or ovoid-urceolate, throat much contracted,

glabrous, dry, 4—5 lin. long; limb broad, under 1 lin. long; anthers

broad-cuneate, purple, 4-} lin. long, very minutely cristate or

aristate, the appendages not reaching below the base of the cells;

Evica.] ERICACE (Guthrie & Bolus). 99

pore about 4 the length of the cell; ovary subsessile or broadly

short-stipitate. #. Savileia, Andr. Ool. Heaths. ¢. 205. E.

Savillie, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t.96. E. savileana, Sweet, Hort. Brit.

ed. i. 261; Benth, in DC. Prodr. vii. 641. E. Behen, EH. Meyer ex

Benth. lic. 642 partly. E. delecta, Tausch in Flora, 1839, 633.

Ei. tristis, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 519 4

Var. 8, grandiflora (Bolus) ; corolla 6-7 lin. long.

Coast Rre@ion: Tulbagh Div.: Mosterts Hoek Mountain, Bolus, 6479!

Ceres Div.; near Ceres, Miss Liesching in Herb. Guthrie, 3367! Paarl Div. ;

near Wellington, MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 17! Worcester Div. ;

Dutoits Kloof, Drége ; Matroos Berg, Cook in Herb. Bolus, 6887! Swellendam

Div.; near Swellendam, Borcherds in Herb. Bolus, 6266! Also cultivated

specimens! Var. B: Paarl Div.; around French Hoek, MacOwan, 2920!

Worcester Div. ; Matroos Berg, Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 3947!

98. E. precox (Klotsch in Linnea, xii. 517, not of Lodd.) ; erect,

6-8 in. high ; branches ascending, mostly curved ; branchlets pubes-

cent, and, as ate the leaves, pedicels, bracts and sepals ciliate or

more or less pilose with soft white hairs, sometimes nearly glabrous,

or becoming so; leaves 4-nate, ereet-spreading or slightly incurved,

linear, subacute, 3-4 lin. long; flowers 3-nate, sometimes by

abortion of the lateral branehlets appearing axillary and clustered ;

pedicels slender, 3-4 lin. long; bracts remote, adpressed, small;

sepals lanceolate, acuminate, keeled, scarious-edged, 21 lin. long;

corolla ovoid-urceolate ; tube pale or bright red, about 4 lin. long;

throat purple ; limb red; segments ovate, acute, 8-1 lin. long;

anthers oblong or subeuneate, 1—} lin. long, purple, muticous; pore

about + the length of the cell; ovary stipitate. Benth. in DC.

Prodr, vii. 641. H. Behen, E. Meyer ex Benth. l.c. 642 partly.

Coast Rrcion: Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, 3000-4000 ft., Drége !

Paarl Div.; French Hoek, Le Roux, in Herb. Bolus, 5950! Caledon Div. ; Houw

Hoek, Kennedy, 28! near Palmiet River, Schlechter, 7455!

Chiefly distinguished from the preceding by its longer leaves, narrower and

muticous anthers with larger pore, and more evidently stipitate ovary; the

pubescence on the younger parts is also generally more copious. Our material,

though good, is not copious enough to afford good evidence that these small

differences are constant.

99. E. inflata (Thunb. Diss. Erica, 41, t. 2); erect, 1-3 ft. high ;

branches slender, erect, often virgate, leafy, terminating in dense

clusters of flowers; leaves 4-nate or scattered, suberect or incurved,

not crowded, often subsecund, very slender, narrowly linear, acute,

mucronate or aristate, glabrous, flat above, convex and faintly sulcate

below, petioles long and very slender, the whole 5~10 lin. long ;

flowers in dense many-flowered corymbose umbels ; pedicels slender,

pubescent, red, 6-7 lin. long; bracts subremote, slender, red,

aristate ; sepals lanceolate or subulate, acuminate, glabrous or pubes-

cent, crimson or pallid, aristate, 1-1} lin. long ; corolla ovoid-

urceolate; throat contracted, dry ; tube pale rose, 3-4 lin. long,

throat and limb darker red; segments about } lin. long; anthers

semiovate or broad, subcuneate, + about 2 lin. long, aristate ;

ay * ER

100 nricacez (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

pore 2—2 the length of the cell; awns inserted above the middle of

the eell and equalling or exceeding it in length, capillary, much

involute; style subexserted; ovary on a distinct, broad, shortish

stipe. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 641. EH. amabilis, Salish. in

Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 885. E. sainsburyana, Andr. Heathery. t.

287, and Col. Heaths, t. 270. E.carniula, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 926.

E. carinula, Steud. Nomencl. ed. 2, i. 570. H. ollula, Andr.

Heathery, t. 275, and Cot. Heaths, t. 251; Lodd. l.c. t. 1646.

Sourm Arrica : without locality, Thunberg. Also cultivated specimens f

Coast REGION, ascending from 1000-2500 ft. : Clanwilliam Div. ; Cederberg

Range, Drége, 7737! Leipoldt,62! Mader, 68! Piquetberg Div. ; foot of Twenty-

four Rivers Mountains, Zeyher, 1091! Tulbagh and Ceres Div. ; Mitchells Pass,

Bolus, 6923! and in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 385! Schlechter, 9967! Guthrie,

2178!

Distinct in the section by its very long leaves, but with a curious resemblance

to EB. obliqua, Thunb., in the § Pachysa (which also has a stipitate ovary) and

might be placed with it, but that the sepals and anthers are so different ; the

pedicels and leaves also are longer. The leaves are very like those of E. vestita,

Thunb., but far fewer. We have not seen any wild specimens with flowers

either so long, or so short, as those represented in the figures of Andrews and

Loddiges.

100. E. ventricosa (Thunb. Diss. Erica, 27, t. 1); erect, 2-6 ft.

high; branches stout, rigid ; leaves 4-nate, spreading or squarrose,

sometimes undulate, crowded, linear-subulate, acuminate, margins

white, pilose, rarely subglabrous, 6-8 lin. long; flowers in dense

umbels at the ends of the branchlets, sometimes forming close

pyramidal masses ; pedicels pubescent, 3-4 lin. long ; bracts remote,

"small, linear, ciliate ; sepals linear-lanceolate, acuminate, scarious-

edged, glabrous, 3 lin. long; corolla ovoid-ureeolate, attenuate up-

wards and constricted at the throat, glabrous, dry, white, rosy, or

red; tube 6-8 lin. long; segments ovate, acute, sometimes mealy,

11 lin. long; anthers cuneate-oblong, purple, about 2 lin. long,

minutely crested; crests not reaching to the base of the cell;

style ineluded, stigma subsimple ; ovary turbinate, stipitate. Andr.

Heathery, t. 197, and Ool. Heaths, t. 65; Bot. Mag. t. 350; Wendl.

Eric. Ie. fasc. 83,11; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 481; Herb. Amat. t. 62;

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 642. H. pregnans, Andr. Heathery, t.

231, and Col. Heaths, t. 202; Lodd. Lc. t. 945. E. venusta, Salish.

Prodr. 297, and in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 385, not of Sinclair, nor

Klotzsch. E. densa, Andr. Heathery, t. 212, and Col. Heaths, t.

163. LE. glabra, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 362. FE. translucens,

Wendl. ex Spreng. Syst. ii. 186, in syn. ?

Soutn ArricA: without locality, Thunberg, Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated

specimens |

Coast REeGion, ascending from 1000-5200 ft.: Worcester Div.; Dutoits

Peak, Marloth, 2416! Paarl Div.; mountains about French Hoek, Schlechter,

9236! MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 939! Stellenbosch Div. ; hills about

False Bay, Musson and Niven (ex Bentham). Caledon Div.; near Amandel River,

Bolus, 5172!

Chiefly variable in the size of its flowers and the degree of copiousness or

density of the inflorescence. But we cannot discover any constant characters on

Erica.] ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 101

which to form varieties. The smaller flowered forms verge towards E, Walkeria

in § Callista. Andrews’ t. 231 looks distinct, but is possibly merely a garden

hybrid ; this species having been much in cultivation. From the great number,

and the porcelain-like texture of its delicately coloured flowers, it is one of the

most beautiful of heaths, and a fine pyramidal bush of 6 ft. high was once seen

by the writer, covered from base to apex with thousands of flowers. HE. ventri-

eet var. bothwelliana, Carr. in Rev. Hort, 1882, 363, probably belongs

ere.

Section X. CALLISTA. (Sp. 101-111.)

101. E. Lawsonia (Andr. Heathery, t. 267); erect, 1-2 ft. high ;

branches slender, subvirgate; leaves erect, acute, keeled, puberu-

lous, ciliate, 14—2 lin. long ; flowers mostly solitary on short lateral

branchlets, forming a pseudo-raceme (or rarely 4-nate, ex Bot. Mag.',

subsessile; bracts approximate, leaf-like, scarious-edged, 1-24 lin.

long ; sepals lanceolate-linear, acuminate, scarious, about 3 lin. long;

corolla-tube cylindrical (or when old, somewhat inflated at the base

round the swollen capsule), mouth not contracted, dry, puberulous or

glabrous, red, 5-7 lin. long, 2 lin. broad; segments ovate-lanceolate,

acute, about 2 lin. long; anthers oval, 1-1 lin. long, muticous.

Andr. Col. Heaths, t.242. EE. lawsoniana, Benth. in DC. Prodr.

vii. 646. £. Lawsont, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1720; Lodd. Bot. Cab.

t. 488. EF. infundibuliformis, Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 638, not of:

- Andr., and E. leptocarpha, Spreng. f. Tent. Suppl. Syst. Veg. 18,

Jide Klotasch in Linnea, xii. 519.

Coast ReGion: Caledon Div.; Baviaans Kloof, Masson, 30! near Caledon,

Ecklon §& Zeyher! mountains near Genadendal, 3200 ft., Bolus, 5407! and in

Herb. Norm. Aust. Afr., 344! Bodkinin Herb. Guthrie, 3612! Zwart Berg, near

Caledon, 2000 ft., Schlechter, 10363!

102. E. pavettefiora (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 382) ;

erect, 1 ft. or more high; branches spreading, slender, glabrous,

8—9 in. long; internodes on the ultimate branchlets becoming much

elongated ; leaves erect, linear, acute, 2-3 lin. long; flowers sessile ;

bracts approximate, linear, 2-3 lin. long; sepals linear to linear-

lanceolate, acuminate, keeled, rigid, ciliate, 3-4 lin. long; corolla-

tube narrow-eylindrical, slightly and gradually widened at the throat,

glabrous, dry, red, 8-10 lin. long, }—} lin. broad ; segments ovate,

subacute, about 2 lin. long, 1 lin. broad ; anthers semiovate, } lin.

long, muticous or (according to Salisbury and Andrews) minutely

aristulate; pore 1 the length of the cell; style subincluded. Benth.

in DC. Prodr. vii. 645. E. infundibuliformis, Andr. Heathery, t.

218, and Col. Heaths, t. 240; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 589. H. hypocra-

teriformis, Tausch, Flora, 1837, 492.

Soutn AFrica: without locality, Rowburgh! Herb. Salisbury ! and cultivated

specimens ! j

Coast REGION: Worcester Div.; Dutoits Peak, 4200 ft., Marloth, 2414!

Caledon Div.; Klein River, Masson! Houw Hoek, 2500 ft., Niven, 81!

Schlechter, 7422!

The specimens last cited have a more slender corolla-tube than others, and

also longer than those described by Bentham. There is, however, no doubt of

their identity. :

102 ERIcAcEx (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hriea.

103. E. cylindrica (Thunb. Diss. Erica, 24, not of Wendl. nor

Andr.) ; erect, 1-2 ft. high, glabrous in all parts; branches sub-

virgate with elongating internodes; leaves erect, subacute, 2-22 lin.

long; pedicels slender, over 3 lin. long ; bracts approximate, linear,

1-1} lin. long; sepals linear-lanceolate, acuminate, keeled, scarious,

ciliolate, 25 lin. long ; corolla-tube cylindrical, mouth slightly con-

tracted, glabrous, dry, yellow or white, 5-6 lin. long, about * lin.

broad; segments ovate, subacute, 3 lin. long; anthers narrow-

oblong, slightly under } lin. long, muticous; pore * the length of

the cell; style included; ovary elongate, somewhat contracted at

the base. JL. tenuiflora, Andr. Heathery, t. 146, and Col.- Heaths,

t. 210 ; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1717. EH. tenuiflora, var. alba, Andr.

Heathery, t. 194, and Col. Heaths, ¢t. 211. #. cliffordiana, Lodd.

Lc, t. 34, 2. fistuleflora, Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 883. E.

stenantha, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 2, 340.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Thunberg in Herb. Salisbury! Also culti-

vated specimens !

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div.; near Tulbagh Waterfall, 1500 ft., Niven,

82! Masson! Bolus, 5461! and in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 1306!

Allied to and resembling E. pavetteflora, but quite distinct by its more equal

corolla-tube, smaller limb, and different anthers. It appears to be very local.

Rach, who examined Thunberg’s herbarium, in Linnea, xxvi. 777, identified this

with E. tenuiflora, Andr., and the descriptions agree well.

104. E. fastigiata (Linn. Mant. 66, not of Andr.); erect, 1-14

{t. high ; branches flexuous or subvirgate ; internodes elongating on

the upper branches; leaves erect or spreading, crowded below,

incurved, linear, acute, glabrous, about 3 lin. long; flowers sub-

sessile ; bracts approximate, lanceolate-linear or subulate-linear,

acute, keeled, scarious, 3 lin. long; sepals like the bracts, but some-

what longer, 8-6 lin. long; corolla-tube cylindrical, sometimes

slightly inflated below, sometimes at the throat, glabrous, red or

rosy, about 5 lin. long; limb subovoid, mealy, white, dark-centred,

1} lin. long, 13-2} lin. wide; anthers oblong or suboval, pallid,

zz lin. long, muticous; pore 1-1 the length of the cell; style

included. Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 19, 103, t. 839%; Bot. Mag. t.

2084; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 646 ; var. ciliata, Rach in Linnea,

xxvi. 778% E. fasciformis, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 382.

E. mundula, Andr. Heathery, t. 273, and Col. Heaths, t. 249; Lodd.

Bot. Cab. t. 114. EH. humeana, Lodd. 1.c. t. 389.

Var. 8, coventryana (Bolus); leaves straighter, more acute, 5 lin. long;

bracts and sepals ciliate, 4-6 lin. long; corolla-tube slightly inflated below,

tetragonous, about 6 lin. long, throat contracted, limb without any dark centre,

segments ovate, acute, 3 lin. long by 2 lin. broad, red below, white and some-

what mealy above; anthers nearly } lin. long, pore 4 the cell. E. Coventrya,

Andr. eat t, 210, and Col. Heaths, t. 226. E. coventryana, Lodd. Bot.

Cab. t. : :

Vag. y, immaculata (Bolus) ; branches less virgate, more spreading ; leaves

stouter, longer, inore distinctly suleate below and more spreading, 4—5 lin. long ;

sepals mostly longer, equalling und often exceeding the corolla-tube, 5-6 lin.

long; corolla-tube more inflated, subviscid ; segments oblong or ovate, bluntish,

Erica.) © ERICACEA (Guthrie & Bolus). 108

white without a dark centre; anthers oblong or elliptical, sometimes very

minutely aristate, 1,4 lin. long; ovary subelongate.

Sours Arrica: without locality, specimen from Herb. Linneus in

Herb. Salisbury! Thunberg, sheet 8. Also cultivated specimens of type and

var. B!

Coast Reeron, ascending from 1500-3500 ft.: Ceres Div.; near Ceres, Bolus,

9811! Worcester Div. ; near Worcester; Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 3887! Paarl

Div.; French Hoek, Thunberg, Guthrie, 3238! Cape Div.; Table Mountain,

Schlechter, 983! Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, Mund, 16! Thwnberg.

Lowrys Pass, Guthrie, 3875! Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek, Bolus, 5455!

Schlechter, 5885! Guthrie, 3874! Riversdale Div.; Platte Kloof, Masson (ex

Salisbury), Thunberg. Var 8: Caledon Div.; Klein River Mountains, Zeyher,

3199! mountains near Vogel Gat, Schlechter, 9549! and near Hermanus,

Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 6484! Var. y: Paarl Div.: mountains around French

Hoek, Bolus, 9183 ! Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4974!

This species has been much confused in herbaria. In Salisbury’s herb. at

Kew is a branchlet marked ‘‘from Linneus’s type.” We have dissected a flower

and compared it with the specimens first cited above as the typical form. Our

var. 8 was regarded by Bentham asa hybrid from E. pavetteflora. It does not

seem to be a hybrid, but a maritime form; very local, its stations being within

five, or possibly three, miles from each other. Var. yy, in aspect, resembles

E. hyacinthoides, but the leaves are larger and the sepals very different. Wend-

land’s fig. in Eric. Ic. fase. 19, can only be cited with doubt. Its sepals are

broader and shorter than in the wild specimens before us.

105. E. transparens (Berg. Descr. Pl. Cap. 108, not of Andr. nor

Lodd.) ; erect, about 1 ft. high; branches many, dense, slender,

fastigiate, villous or finely tomentose, becoming glabrous; leaves

suberect to spreading, crowded, linear, keeled, ciliate or naked, about

12 lin. long; flowers very numerous and densely clustered, sub-

sessile; bracts, 2 approximate, the lowest remote, linear, ciliate,

under 2 lin. long; sepals lanceolate to ovate, acute, scarious, softly

ciliate, usually red, more rarely pale rosy, 1-1} lin. long; corolla

tubular, slightly inflated, glabrous, white; pale rosy to deep red,

2-21 lin. long; segments ovate, acute, 1-1} lin. long ; anthers

oblong or subovate, about + lin. long, shortly aristate near the base ;

style included. F. comosa, Linn. Mant. alt. 234; Bauer, Exot. Pl. t.

18; Andr. Heathery, t. 10, and Col. Heaths, t. 80; Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 650; var. rubra, Andr. Ul. ec. tt. 11,81. #. galitflora,

Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 383. :

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Bergius in Herb. Salisbury! Also culti-

vated specimens !

Coast Reaion, mountains at 2000-4000 ft.: Worcester Div.; Dutoits Kloof,

Drége! Bolus, 5174! Paarl Div.; near French Hoek Pass, Mann in Herb.

Bolus, 6391! Schlechter, 9290! Cape Div.; Table Mountain, Thuwnberg!

Burchell, 6241 Wolley Dod, 796! Caledon Div.; near Genadendal, Burchell,

7727! Bolus, Herb. Norm, Aust.-Afr., 356! Zwart Berg, Schlechter, 9781!

Swellendam Div.; Tradouw Mountains, Bowie! Riversdale Div.; Kampsche

Berg, Burchell, 7082! Platte Kloof, Thunberg.

106. E. Vallis-Gratie (Guthrie & Bolus); erect, branching,

probably 1-12 ft. high; leaves suberect, incurved, imbricate, linear-

trigonous, acute, ciliate, 4-5 lin. long, 4 lin. broad; flowers

4-nate, generally densely clustered into heads; pedicels about 1 lin.

long; bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate, scarious, eiliate, 4-5 lin.

104 pricacez (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

long; sepals ovate-lanceolate or oblanceolate, somewhat suddenly

narrowed to an acuminate point, keeled above and pubescent on the

keel, scarious, ciliate, 5-51 lin. long, 12 lin. broad, somewhat

coloured ; corolla-tube subcylindrical, slightly larger at the base and

more or less narrowed to the throat, glabrous, red-purple, 53—73 lin.

long, 2-23 lin. broad ; segments broad-ovate, acute, 2-8 lin. long,

more than 2 lin. broad, white, sometimes with red bands below;

anthers included, oblong, dark, 2—% lin. long, muticous ; pore about

2 the length of the cell; style shortly exserted ; stigma small,

capitellate. 2. ventricosa, Thunb., var. grandiflora, Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 642.

Coast Reeion: Caledon Div. ; on the summit and upper part of the great

mountain of Baviaans Kloof near Genadendal, 4700-4800 ft., Burchell, 7724!

Schlechter, 9833! Galpin, 3599!

A fine and well-marked species, perhaps nearest to EZ. Walkeria, but larger

in all parts, and especially distinguishable by the straighter, more erect, longer

leaves. It is also near to E. fastigiata, var. coventryana, but the sepals and the

anthers are very different.

107. E. prenitens (Tausch in Flora, 1834, 596); erect, 1-2 ft.

high; branches stout, densely flowered; leaves erect to patent,

subflexuous, linear-trigonous, subacute, glabrous, over 2 lin. long;

flowers subsessile; bracts approximate, unilateral, linear-subulate,

glabrous, 21-8 lin. long; sepals narrow-lanceolate, long-acuminate,

keeled, scarious, very shortly lacerate, 3 lin. long; corolla-tube

cylindrical, very slightly inflated, glabrous, dry, 7 lin. long, about

11 lin. broad; segments ovate, scarcely mealy, 13 lin. long ; anthers

oblong, dark, 1 lin. long, muticous; pore + the length of the cell;

style at length exserted. H. walkeriana, var. 6% grandiflora,

Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 647.

Coast Region: Swellendam Div. ; Tyger Hoek, Masson, 26!

This can hardly be a variety of EZ. Walkeria. It is indeed nearer to 2.

Sastigiata, but seems to be sufficiently distinct. Bentham, to whom Tausch’s

species, was, apparently, unknown, quoted it with doubt, and says “ an species

propria?” In general appearance it has some resemblance to LZ. denticulata,

var. grandiflora, but is immediately distinguishable by the different sepals,

besides the less inflated corolla.

108. E. Walkeria (Andr. Heathery, t. 50); erect, 1-11 ft. high ;

branches mostly slender, densely leafy and flowered; leaves usually

spreading and incurved, linear, subacute, keeled, about 2 lin. long;

flowers subsessile; bracts approximate, subequal, lanceolate, scarious;

sepals oblong, lanceolate, or sometimes suboblanceolate, acute, searious,

minutely ciliate-lacerate, thickly keeled at the apex, 2-3 lin. long,

bracts and sepals often uncinately-incurved ; corolla-tube urceolate,

rosy or red, 3—4 lin. long; segments ovate or suborbicular, rarely

mealy above, about 1 lin. long ; anthers oblong, about 2 lin. long,

muticous ; pore 1 the length of the cell. Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 72.

E. walkeriana, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 647. E. Walkeria, var-

rubra, Andr. Heathery, t. 100, and Col, Heaths, t.144. E. fastigiata,

AS Sere a eee

Erica.] ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 105

Andr. Heathery, t. 62, and Col. Heaths, t. 90; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t.

207, not of Linn. E. Walkeri, Lodd. lc. t. 256. H. juliana,

Lodd. l.e. t. 799. EH. pulehra, Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 384.

Var. 8, prestans (Bolus); corolla-segments larger, about half the length

of the tube. E, prestans, Andr. Heathery, t. 2382, and Col. Heaths, t. 257;

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 647.

Soutn AFRICA: without locality, Drége! Herb. Salisbury! Also cultivated

specimens !

Coast REGION: Ceres Div.; near Ceres, Bolus im Herb. Guthrie, 2366!

Paarl Div.; on the Drakensteen Mountains near Wellington, 1000 ft., MacOwan,

Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 18! Swellendam Div.; without precise locality, Herd.

Huguenot Seminary, 84! Var. 8: Tulbagh Div.; mountains near Tul-

bagh, Ecklon & Zeyher and Worcester Div.; Dutoits Kloof, Drége (ex

Bentham).

We have not seen specimens of var. £.

109. E. daphniflora (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 884, in an

extended sense); erect, 1-2 ft. high; leaves erect or spreading,

straightish (seldom or never uniformly spreading-incurved), linear,

2-3 lin. long; flowers in scattered clusters, sometimes congested

into large dense masses towards the ends of the branches ; pedicels

1-23 lin. long; bracts approximate, or subremote and lax ; sepals

very variable, from lanceolate-linear, lanceolate, narrow-ovate or

subelliptical, never widest above the middle, long-acuminate to

acute, always scarious, shortly ciliate, denticulate or naked, equalling

or half as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla urceolate, narrow-ovoid-

urceolate or subconical, red or rosy; tube 3-7 lin. long; segments

obtuse or acute, variable in size, concolorous or white; anthers

oblong, about 3 lin. long, or rarely longer, minutely aristate or

muticous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 646. E. daphneflora, Wendl.

Erie. Ic. fase. 26, 3. EH. daphneflora, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 5438.

E. bartlingiana, and E. incerta, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 621. EE.

indigesta, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 523.

Var. 8, pedicellata (Bolus) ; branches virgate, slender, the floriferous often or

always with long internodes, the barren closely leafy ; leaves about 2 lin. long;

pedicels 2 lin. long or less; sepals oblong, acute or acuminate, denticulate,

24 lin. long; corolla narrow-ovoid-urceolate; tube 6-7 lin. long, white or pale

rose ; segments ovate, acute or acuminate, 2 lin. long; anthers (sometimes at

least) very minutely aristate. E. pedicellata, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 525;

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 646. LE. distans, Benth. l.c. 646.

Var, y, Muscari (Bolus) ; branches usually virgate and slender; leaves erect,

mostly straightish and slender; inflorescence often lax, flowering branchlets

clustered, clusters more or less remote; pedicels 1-1} lin. long; sepals narrow-

to broad-lanceolate, usually somewhat less than half the corolla-tube; corolla

commonly narrow-ovoid-urceolate, usually ochreous or yellow, more rarely white

(or rosy ?) ; tube 3-4 lin. long. E. Muscari, Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 40, and

Heathery, t. 180; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 18, 85, t. 32; Benth.in DC. Prodr,

vii. 648. E. fragrans, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 383; not of Andr.

E. Bonplandia, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 345. E. bonplandiana, Bot. Mag. t. 2126?

E. scoliostoma, Klotzsch in Linnea, x. 322, fide Benth, E. moschata, Lodd, Le.

t.614? E. nidiflora, Salisb. l.c., and E. denticulata, Roxb. ex Salis. lc. ( fide

Index Kew.

Var. 5, ae (Bolus) ; habit of var. y; leaves mostly shorter, 1}-2 lin.

long ; flowers subsessile ; bracts and sepals broader, broad-lanceolate or oblong,

106 ERIcACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

acute, subdenticulate or slightly and shortly lacerate; corolla mostly shorter

and broader, 3-4 lin. long, ovoid or broad-ovoid-urceolate, often but not always,

much contracted at the throat, bright yellow. E. retusa, Tausch in Flora,

1834, 598.

This variety connects this species with E. denticulata, which it approaches

almost as nearly as it does this species.

Var. ¢, latisepala (Bolus) ; branches somewhat flexuous ; leaves broader and

shorter than in other vars., obleng to elliptical, obtuse, 1-1} lin. long; in-

florescence somewhat lax; pedicels 4 lin. long; sepals (in the fully developed

flowers) somewhat spreading at the apex, broad-lanceolate or elliptical, acute,

thickly-keeled, orange below, red towards the apex, about 2 lin. long, 1 lin.

wide ; corolla urceolate, red or rosy; tube 4 lin. long; segments broad-ovate,

very obtuse, short, red,

Var. ¢, Leipoldtii (Bolus) ; habit of the type, but sepals somewhat broader,

ovate-lanceolate, 2 lin. long; corolla urceolate, red or rosy; tube 4 lin. long 5

segments suboblong, tapering to the apex, not imbricating at the base but with

somewhat open sinuses.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1094! Herb. Salisbury! and

cultivated specimens of vars. B and y! Var. y, Herb. Salisbury !

Coast REGION, on mountains at 1500-6000 ft. : Clanwilliam Div. ; between

Ezelsbank and Dwars River, Drége, 7739! near Oliphants River, Zeyher,

1095! Tulbagh Div.; near Tulbagh waterfall, Niven, 77! Witsen Berg,

Burchell, 8668! Ceres Div. ; near Ceres, Bolus, 5499! and Herb. Norm. Aust.

Afr., 601! Swellendam Div.; near Swellendam, Burchell, 7299! 7390! Niven,

75! Mund, 14! near the Zondereinde River, Zeyher, 3201! Zuurbraak Moun-

tain, Galpin, 3600! Var. 7: Tulbagh and Ceres Div.; near Tulbagh, Guthrie,

2079! Mitchells Pass, Bolus, 5291! Schlechter, 8934! 9953! near Ceres, Bolus,

7447 | 8482! Tyson in Herb. Norm. Aust,-Afr.,996! Paarl Div. ; near Wellington,

MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr.,19! Cape Div. ? Zout River, Masson (ex Salis-

bury). Swellendam Div. ; Grootvaders Bosch, Mund ! Var. e, Worcester Div. ;

Matroos Berg, Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4417! Var. ¢, Clanwilliam Div. ; Kerskop

Flats on the Cederberg Range, Leipoldt, 1382! Pakhuis Berg, Schlechter, 10813.

CENTRAL Ruecion: Var. B: Ceres Div.; Cold Bokkeveld, Masson! near

Wagenbooms River, Schlechter, 10158! Var. 8: Ceres Div.; Skurfdeberg

Range, near Gydouw, Martin tn Herb. Bolus, 7344! Bodkin in Herb. Bolus,

7553! Gydouw Mountain, Schlechter, 10044! Var. ¢: Ceres Div.; Gydouw,

Schlechter, 10004! Wagenbooms River, Schlechter, 10168 ! ;

We have endeavoured to characterize the varieties named above, but fear

that some of them are mere forms, which seem to run into each other.

110. E. pellucida (Soland. ex Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi.

384, not of Andr.) ; erect, with numerous, spreading branches, 6—12

in. high ; leaves close-set, spreading to squarrose and most usually

incurved, linear, subacute, 2-3 lin. long; flowers 4-nate, often in

dense masses at the ends of short branchlets; bracts approximate,

linear-lanceolate, keel-tipped, lacerate, somewhat shorter than the

sepals ; sepals obovate or obovate-cuneate, with a long sublinear

foliaceous cusp, scarious, lacerate or fimbriate-lacerate, about 3 lin.

long ; corolla-tube subinflated, bright rose, 5-6 lin. long; segments

ovate, subobtuse, about 2 lin, long; anthers nearly square, a little

over i lin. long; pore 4 the length of the cell; style at length

_exserted. EH. Parmentierti, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 197. E. venusta,

Sinclair in Hort, Eric. Wob. 27% not of Salish.; Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 647. : eciea decal eatiid

Erica.] EkIcAcEm (Guthrie & Bolus). 107

Coast Raion: Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland, Masson in Herb.

Salisbury ! Caledon Div. ; summit and upper part of the mountains of Baviaans

Kloof near Genadendal, 3300-3500 ft., Burchell, '7706! Bolus, 5402! and in

Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 350! Bodkin in Herb. Guthrie, 3611! Schlechter,

9811! Zoetemelks Valley, Burchell, 7591!

Near to E. denticulata, but sepals less decidedly pectinate-lacerate, always (as

to our specimens) with a long cuspidate point (not present in that species), with

a longer, brighter-coloured corolla, and a smaller anther-pore. Specimens in

herbaria have been named EH. hyacinthoides, Andr., but that, according to

Andrews’ figure, has very different sepals. Bentham regarded the latter as a

garden-hybrid, and we have seen no wild specimens like it. With Bentham’s

short description our specimens agree, though he does not mention the cuspidate

sepals. This plant is at least an entity, with fairly constant characters, and

must be distinguished.

111. E. denticulata (Linn. Mant. Alt. 229, in a wider sense) ;

erect, branches spreading or virgate, glabrous, striate ; leaves suberect

or spreading, linear, acute, trigonous or round-backed, 3—32 lin. long ;

flowers 4-nate, subsessile; bracts approximate; sepals and bracts

variable in outline, from sublinear to obovate or spathulate, almost

invariably broadest above the middle, sometimes unguiculate, scarious,

more or less deeply pectinate-lacerate or fimbriate-lacerate, 2-3 lin.

long, not cuspidate; corolla urceolate to tubular, dry, glabrous,

white or rosy ; tube 3—4 lin. long, 14% lin. wide ; limb variable, some-

times half as long as the tube, mostly mealy above ; segments 1] lin.

long or less, suborbicular; pore of the anther almost as long as the

cell. Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 25, 5, t.2; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1090;

Benth. in DO. Prodr. vii. 647. H.dentata, Thunb. Diss. Erica, 28 ;

Lam. Eneycl. i. 485% £. pavetteflora, Salisb. Prodr. 297, not

elsewhere. E. denticularis, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soe, vi. 884. L.

venusta, Hort. ex Benth. l.c. 647.

Var. 8, longiflora (Bolus); subvirgate; leaves about 2 lin. long; bracts

(shorter than in the type) and sepals obovate-cuneate, not unguiculate, keel not

prolonged into a linear cusp; corolla-tube 6-7 lin. long; segments broad-ovate

and very obtuse, or narrower, longer and subacute, 14-17 lin. long; anther-

pore nearly 2 the length of the cell. E. dentata, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 19, 101,

t. 38, not of Thunb. ‘ 2

Var. y, grandiloba (Bolus); leaves erect, incurved, usually very caducous

(the branches being for the greater part naked), narrow-lanceolate or linear,

3 lin. long; sepals subobovate or oblanceolate, slightly lacerate ; corolla-tube

34-44 lin. long, somewhat inflated; segments broad-ovate, obtuse, large, half as

long as the tube or more, 2-24 lin. long; anthers less than } lin. long; pore

% the length of the cell.

Sourn ArFRIcA: without locality, Bergius and Thunberg (both in Herb,

Salisbury) ! :

Coast REGION, on mountains at 800-2400 ft.: Paarl Div.; French Hoek,

Schlechter, 9231! Bolus, 6990! Caledon Div.; tops of Baviaans Kloof Moun-

‘tains, Burchell, 7702! Zwart. Berg, near Caledon, Zeyher, 3200! Bolus, 6756!

between Villiersdorp and French Hoek, Bolus, 5173! near Lowrys Pass, Guthrie,

2023! Var. 8: Caledon Div.; Genadendal Mountain, Bodkin in Herb. Bolus,

6485! Zwart Berg, near Caledon, Guthrie, 2501! Bolus, 6956! Var. y:

Tulbagh Div.; above Tulbagh Waterfall, Bolus, 5460! and in Herb. Norm.

Aust.-Afr., 1307! mountains of Tulbagh Kloof, Guthrie, 2075!

E. macutosa (Tausch in Flora, 1839, 629), is probably a garden-hybrid between

E. denticulata and E. Walkeria. It has the habit and spreading leaves of the

108 ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica,

latter, while the sepals (oblong-linear, slightly wider above the middle and lacerate)

and the corolla approach our var. y of the former,

Section XI. PLATYSPORA. (Sp. 112-117.)

112. E. astroites (Guthrie & Bolus) ; entirely glabrous; branches

pallid, longitudinally wrinkled (in the specimen before us 8-9 in.

long); leaves 4-nate, spreading or reflexed, irregularly curved and

bent round the branches, linear, acute, sulcate, glaucous ; younger

petioles ciliate, 6~7 lin. long, much exceeding the internodes; in-

floreseence axillary, flowers spreading at the ends of the branches,

corolline ; pedicels slender, 4-51 lin. long; bracts remote, lanceo-

late-linear, acuminate, 1-2 lin. long ; sepals broad-lanceolate, acumi-

nate, scarious, pallid, with a darker keel on the upper half, 3 lin.

long ; corolla somewhat salver-shaped ; tube narrow-ovoid, dry, rosy,

_4} lin. long; segments large, stellate-spreading, elliptic-oblong,

obtuse or subacute (like those of § Hwryloma), paler than the tube,

33-4 lin. long, 12 lin. wide; filaments capillary, 43 lin. long ;

anthers broad-oblong, very obtuse, smooth, a little over 4 lin. long,

minutely aristulate; pore $ the length of the cell; awns situated

above the middle of the cell, linear or tooth-like; style included,

slender, thickened at the apex; stigma capitellate ; ovary glabrous ;

ovules obovate, with a white papery wing or margin.

Var. 8, minor (Guthrie & Bolus) ; smaller in all parts; leaves 3- or 4-nate, 4-5

lin, long ; pedicels 1} lin. long ; corolla-tube 4 lin. long ; segments more acute,

14 lin. long ; anthers just as in the type, but % of the size. H. albens, var.

longijlora, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 649.

Coast ReGion : Oudtshoorn Div. ; Meirings Poort, on the right side of the

road to Oudtshoorn, near the Waterfall, Stoney! (in the Cape Gov. Herb.)

Var. 8: George Div.; on mountains at Barbiers Kraal, Niven, 136! mountains

near George, Alewander, 18, and without collector's name or number in the

Cape Gov. Herb. !

The larger-flowered form is very distinct in this section; there is, however,

a certain resemblance in the flower to E. Vallis-Gratie and E. Alfredii, but the

sepals and bracts in each of these are much wider and longer, besides other

differences. Our var. 8 most resembles E. heliophila, but has a larger corolla

and the anther is somewhat different in shape, and has the peculiarly high and

small appendages of the type (which seem to indicate a close relationship),

while that of the species last named is muticous, Possibly, however, that also

may prove to be another form of the present species,

113. E. albens (Linn. Mant. Alt. 231) ; erect, glabrous, 1-12 ft.

high; branches virgate, somewhat slender, the younger subangular,

but not deeply channelled by the leaf-cushions, closely leafy above,

naked below ; leaves 3-nate, nearly erect, imbricate, internodes

elongating, linear-trigonous, acute, sulcate, finely ciliolate, 5-7 lin.

long; inflorescence axillary, in sub-3-nate tufts, forming a lax,

mostly subsecund, false raceme, 2—4 in. long ; flowers subealycine,

from erect to nodding ; pedicels about 2 lin, long ; bracts remote,

lanceolate, scarious, small; sepals obovate or ovate, acute, distinctly

imbricate, concave, keeled, searious, pallid, about 2 lin. long, reaching

from }—{ the length of the corolla-tube ; corolla ovoid-urceolate,

Hrica.] ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus), 109

much narrowed to the mouth, white or pink-tinged, about 3 lin.

long; segments spreading (at least slightly), connivent in age,

oblong and obtuse, or lanceolate and acute, about 1 of the tube in

length ; filaments capillary; anthers longitudinally broad-semiovate,

obtuse, smooth, brown, $ lin. long, minutely aristate ; pore about 4

the length of the cell ; awns subulate, spreading, not reaching below

the base of the cell; style slender, clavate at the apex; stigma

minute, capitellate or subconical ; ovules flat, winged. Wendl. Eric.

Ie. fase. 6,3; Andr, Heathery, t. 2, and Col. Heaths, t. 2; Bot.

Mag. t. 440; Lodd. Bot. Cab. ¢. 95. E. viminalis, Salish. Prodr.

298, and in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 387.

Coast Region: Tulbagh Div.; Tulbagh Waterfall, Niven, 133! Swellendam

Div.; Riet Kuil, Niven, 134! mountains near Swellendam, Borcherds in Mac-

Owan & Bolus, Herb. Norm., 1310! Burchell, 7845! Zeyher, Tradouw Pass,

near Zuurbraak, Galpin, 3604! Riversdale Div. ; summit of Kampsche Berg,

0 7121! George Div. ; Cradock Berg, near George, Burchell, 5912!

Usually recognizable in the section by its exceptionally elongate inflorescence,

and more calycine flowers, the sepals being longer in proportion to the corolla

than in the other species.

114. E. georgica (Guthrie & Bolus) ; 1 ft. or more high, entirely

‘glabrous; branches virgate below, sometimes spreading near the

apex, the younger deeply channelled by the decurrent leaf-cushions ;

leaves 3-nate or sometimes scattered, erect to spreading, linear,

acuminate, incurved, concave above, suleate below, somewhat glau-

cous, 4-6 lin. long ; inflorescence axillary ; flowers corolline, verti-

cillate in elose ovoid or oblong heads or false spikes, }~2 in. long,

2 in. in diam., spreading in every direction ; pedicels slender, 12 lin.

long ; bracts remote, small, pallid ; sepals broad-lanceolate, acumi-

nate, concave, keeled towards the apex, cartilaginous, pallid, only

slightly imbricate at the base, about 2 lin. long; corolla-tube ovoid,

3-4 lin. long, throat contracted, rosy ; segments stellate-spreading

or reflexed, narrow-ovate, acute, somewhat paler than the tube, 1} by

1 lin.; anthers exactly elliptical, broadly rounded at either extremity,

about + lin. long, muticous; pore 4 the length of the cell; stigma

eapitate, just manifest in the throat; seeds with a wide suborbiecular

membranous margin.

Coast Reeion: George Div.; mountain slopes, Montagu Pass, 4500 ft.,

Schlechter, 5852 !

115. E. macilenta (Guthrie & Bolus); erect, 1-1} ft. high;

branches virgate, slender, few, sometimes quite simplé, not promi-

nently channelled between the leaf-cushions, naked below, leafy

above, white-pubescent, glabrescent; leaves 4-nate, the lower erect

and more distant, sometimes only slightly exceeding the internodes,

the upper more spreading and more closely imbricate, linear, acute,

suleate, ciliate, 3-43 lin. long ; inflorescence axillary (or sometimes

terminal, on very short arrested branchlets?) forming a dense ovoid

pseudo-raceme, about 9 lin. long and wide, situated shortly beneath

110 ERIcACcEx (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

the ends of excurrent branches; flowers corolline, spreading hori-

zontally ; pedicels slender, 3-1 lin. long; bracts remote, linear,

sepal-like, about 1 lin. long; sepals linear from a short ovate

scarious ciliate base, leaf-like, keeled, acuminate, about 22 lin. long,

reaching to 3 the length of the corolla-tube ; corolla tubular-inflated

below; tube about 3 lin. long, red or rosy; segments spreading,

ovate, acute, from a narrow minutely unguiculate imbricating base,

about 14 lin. long; anthers as in EH. georgica, but slightly smaller ;

stigma minutely capitellate ; ovules membranous-margined.

Coast Reeron: Swellendam Div. ; moist places on the Lange Bergen, near

Zuurbraak, 2500 ft., Schlechter, 2043!

The corolla is almost exactly that of H. steinbergiana, but the leaves, in-

florescence and sepals differ, the latter being, in this, narrower and more

foliaceous.

116. E. tetragona (Linn. f. Suppl. 223); erect, glabrous ;

branches virgate, slender, somewhat channelled by the decurrent

leaf-eushions, 6 in. or more long ; leaves erect or spreading, imbri-

cate, slender, linear, acute, keeled, 4-6 lin. long; inflorescence

axillary, in a somewhat lax pseudo-raceme, 1-2 in. long, situated

shortly beneath the ends of excurrent branches; flowers corolline,

spreading in every direction ; pedicels 1 lin. long; bracts approxi-

mate, linear, subfoliaceous, 1-2 lin. long; sepals lanceolate or linear-

lanceolate, acuminate, keeled, the lower part scarious, foliaceous

upwards, 21 lin. long; corolla narrow-ovoid or tubular-inflated,

more or less contracted at the throat, tetragonous, pale yellow,

3-4 lin. long; segments spreading-recurved, ovate, obtuse or sub-

acute, 3-1 lin. long; anthers oblong, obtuse at either extremity,

pallid, 2 lin. long, muticous; pore + the length of the cell; stigma

capitellate, sometimes minute; ovary substipitate, or at least con-

tracted at the base; seeds oblong, with a narrow wing. Thunb.

Diss. Erica, 14, t. 4; Andr. Heathery, t.95, and Col. Heaths, t.

212; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 23, 163, t. 61; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t.

1239; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 649. E. pugiontfolia, Salish. in

Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 387.

. Soura Arrica: without locality, Thunberg, Masson! Herb. Lamarck! and

culivated specimens ! =

Coast Racion: Swellendam Div.; Tradouw, Mund § Maire! Riet Kuil,

Niven, 185! Humansdorp Div.; mountains near Kromme River, Drége !

117. E. heliophila (Guthrie & Bolus); branches slender, virgate,

white-pubescent, not prominently channelled between the leaf-

cushions, 9 in. or more long ; leaves 3-nate, the upper crowded,

imbricate, erect, the lower more distant and subspreading, linear- _

trigonous, acuminate, ciliate on the blade and on the petiole, about

3 lin. long; inflorescence axillary, laxly pseudo-racemose below the

ends of excurrent branches, flowers corolline; pedicels pubes-

cent, 13 lin. long; bracts remote, linear, 1 lin. long or less; sepals

somewhat spreading, lanceolate, acuminate, keeled, concave, scarious, —

ciliate, about 2 lin. long; corolla ovoid-urceolate; tube not angled, —

Erica.) ERIcAcE®# (Guthrie & Bolus). ill

contracted at the throat, about 3 lin. long, 14 lin. wide; segments

spreading-recurved, ovate, acute, about 3 lin. long; anthers oblong

or subcuneate-oblong, truncate at the base, very obtuse at the apex,

4 lin. long, minutely aristulate ; pore about 4 the length of the cell;

awns spreading, not reaching below the base of cell; ovary sessile,

seeds elliptical, with a rather wide margin or wing.

Coast Rrecion: Swellendam Div. ; marshy places on the Lange Bergen, near

Zuurbraak, 2000 ft., Schlechter, 2112 !

This has the aspect of E. tetragona, but differs by its floral characters. It

also resembles somewhat EL. astroites, var. minor.

Section XII. MYRA. (Sp. 118-122.)

118. E. glandulifera (Klotzsch in Linnwa, x. 333) ; erect, 1-12 ft.

high ; branches slender, rusty brown, together with the leaves,

pedicels, bracts and sepals more or less densely covered with gland-

tipped hairs ; lower leaves 3-nate, upper scattered, erect or spreading,

imbricate, linear-subulate, obtuse, suleate, 2-3 lin. long; flowers in

the axils of the upper leaves on one or more branchlets, forming a

racemose panicle 4-5 in. long, or often simply racemose; pedicels

11—2 lin.long ; braets, two sometimes approximate, sometimes remote,

the third basal, oblong, obtuse, foliaceous ; sepals oblong or oblanceo-

late, subobtuse, suleate, 13-2 lin. long ; corolla tubular, more or less

(but never much) inflated below the middle, somewhat contracted

at the throat, viscid, puberulous; tube 3—4 lin. long; limb short,

erect-spreading ; anthers included, cuneate-linear, acute, $ lin. long ;

crests ovate, acute, about 1 the length of the cell; ovary sessile,

not contracted above the disk, glabrous.

Coast Rrcion: Ceres Div.; Witsen Berg or Skurfde Berg, Mund S Maire ;

Zeyher, 1092!

CrentTRAL Reoton: Ceres Div. ; Cold Bokkeveld, near Wagen Drift, 5000 ft.,

Schlechter, 10069 !

This and the next species are interesting as exhibiting a truly racemose in-

florescence, and constituting, in that respect, the only exceptions we have

observed in the genus,

119. E. irrorata (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect, 1-11 ft. high; branches

decumbent from the base, ascending, subvirgate, rusty brown, covered

(as are the leaves, pedicels, bracts and sepals) with gland-tipped

hairs ; leaves 3-nate or scattered and crowded on the lower parts

of the branches, solitary on the upper parts, spreading, linear,

bluntish, sulcate, puberulous as well as gland-hispid, 3-4 lin. long,

the axils gemmiferous ; inflorescence axillary ; flowers solitary, with

lengthening internodes, forming a long loose raceme, 4-7 in. long ;

pedicels slender, 4-6 lin. long ; bracts two only, remote, small, about

12 lin. long; sepals oblong or lanceolate, subacute, 2-23 lin. long ;

corolla tubular, wider at the base, gradually but slightly attenuated

upwards, again widened below the throat and constricted above it,

pubescent, dry ; tube rosy, from 6-8 lin. long, by 2-2} lin. wide in

- the widest, and 1} lin. wide in the narrowest part; throat purple ;

112 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

segments cordate-reniform, spreading, twice as wide as loug, white or

pallid; anthers included, cuneate, acute, 1 lin. long ; crests crimson,

ovate, acuminate, lacerate, about 3 the length of the cell; style

shortly exserted ; ovary subglobular or turbinate, substipitate, or at

least constricted above the disk, glabrous.

Coast Reoton: Tulbagh Div.; Lower Winterhoek Mountain, 4000 ft.,

Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 5906! Great Winterhoek Mountain, 3500 ft., Bolus in

Herb. Guthrie, 4172!

120. E. rufescens (Klotzsch in Linnea, x. 332); erect, about 1 ft.

high ; branches virgate, rusty brown, more or less thickly beset (as

are the leaves and pedicels) with gland-tipped hairs ; leaves alternate,

erect-spreading, densely crowded below, more distant above, linear,

suleate, 3-6 lin. long; flowers “ panicled” (Klotzsch) or in 4-6-

flowered umbels ; pedicels slender, flexuous, 5-7 lin. long ; bracts

remote, erect, small; sepals ovate or oblong, acute, concave, keeled,

glabrous, viscid, green or reddish, 13-2 lin. long ; corolla tubular-

inflated below, or subampullaceous, either attenuated to a short

narrow neck, thinly pubescent with fine soft hairs, rosy below,

darker at the throat; tube 7-12 lin. long; segments rounded, wider

than long, white or pallid, about 1 lin, long; anthers included,

narrow-cuneate, subacute, pale brown, membranous, nearly 1 lin.

long, crested ; crests about } the length of the cell, darker-coloured ;

pore 2 the length of the cell; style shortly exserted; ovary

cylindrical, elongate, glabrous, shortly stipitate. Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 640.

Var. 8, minor (Bolus); umbels simple, 4-6-flowered ; corolla 7-8 lin. long,

suddenly contracted to the throat.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Zeyher!

Coast ReGion: Var. 8: Caledon Div.; mountains near the River Zonder-

einde, 5400 ft., Bolus, 6480 !

We have seen Klotzsch’s type in Herb. Berlin, and it is certainly conspecific

with the plants cited under var. 8. The difference in size of the inflorescence

and flowers might easily be accounted for by a greater luxuriance of growth ;

yet, as the material is scanty, it is better to distinguish them. A far greater

difficulty is the question whether either should be separated from E. glutinosa.

On this point there are grave doubts, the solution of which, since our material is

scanty, may be left to future workers.

121. E. glutinosa (Berg. Deser. Pl. Cap. 98, not of Andr.) ; erect,

generally under 1 ft. high; branches ascending, together with the

leaves and pedicels more or less densely covered with viscid hairs ;

leaves sub-4-nate below, irregularly scattered on the upper parts,

recurvo-patent, somewhat crowded, linear, obtuse, suleate or some-

what open-backed, puberulous and gland-ciliate, 2-3 lin. long ;

umbels many-flowered, subracemoso-corymbose at the ends of the

branches; pedicels slender, 3-6 lin. long; bracts remote, small;

sepals lanceolate, thick, glabrous, glossy, red, about 1 lin. long;

corolla urceolate, sparsely pubescent, viscid; tube rosy, 4-5 lin.

long; throat contracted, purple; segments very short, rounded,

;

Erica. | ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 118

stellately spreading; anthers included, cuneate-oblong, slender, pale

brown, membranous, a little over } lin. long, narrow-cristate, crests

less than 3 the length of the cell; ovary glabrous, substipitate.

Bauer, Exot. Pl.t.17; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 22, 157, t. 60; Benth.

in DC. Prodr, vii. 641. EH. droseroides, Lam. Encycl. i. 489; Andr.

Heathery, t. 18, and Col. Heaths, t. 21; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1685.

Andromeda droseroides, Linn. Mant. 239.

Var. f, parviflora (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 641); flowers under 3 lin. long;

anthers cuneate, crests Jonger than the cells. E. droseroides, var. minor, Andr.

Heathery, t. 259, and Col. Heaths, t. 229.

Coast KxrGion, between 1000 and 4500 ft.: Worcester Div.; Dutoits Kloof,

Prége! Cape Div.; mountains around Cape Town, Thunberg, Burchell, 629!

Drége! Guthrie, 1006! Bolus, 4170! 8030! Ecklon, 280! Wolley Dod, 862!

Paarl Div. ; French Hoek, Schlechter, 10277! Stellenbosch Div.; Lowrys Pass,

Burchell, 8198! 8271! Schlechter, 7234! Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek, Niven,

159! Bolus/ near Palmiet River, Bolus, 4170! Genadeudal Mountain, Bolus!

Also cultivated specimens! Var. B: Herb. Salisbury!

CENTRAL ReEGIon: Ceres Div.; near Schoongezigt, in the Cold Bokkeveld,

Schlechter, 10191 !

122. E. armata (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 672, not

of Spreng.) ; erect, the whole, except the essential organs, more or

less densely hispid and viscidulous, with stiff rigid gland-bearing

hairs ; leaves 4-nate, spreading, imbricate, subulate, acute, flat above,

convex and sulcate beneath, puberulous as well as gland-hairy, 23-3}

lin. long ; flowers 4—7 at or near the ends of the branches, suberect ;

pedicels 11 lin. long; bracts remote, small, foliaceous ; sepals

narrow-ovate, acute, puberulous, 13—2 lin. long; corolla suburceolate

or tubular-inflated, viseose-puberulous, red, the whole 3} lin. long ;

limb very small, somewhat spreading but scarcely stellate ; anthers

subincluded, oblong, slightly curved backwards at the base, about

3 lin. long, aristate; awns 3-1 the length of the cell; ovary

subturbinate, thinly puberulous.

Var. B, breviaristata (Bolus) ; uppermost leaves subscattered, or arranged in

unilateral pairs, not opposite nor 4-nate; inflorescence somewhat more elongate ;

pedicels longer; bract sometimes 1, or wholly absent ; corolla finely velvety, or

subglabrous; limb suberect ; awns of the anther very minute, scarcely reaching

to the base of the cell.

Coast REGION, on mountains between 2000 and 5000 ft.: Worcester Div. ;

Datoits Kloof, Drége, 1148! Paarl Div.; French Hoek, Niven, 158! Var. B:

Caledon Div. ; near Genadendal, Bolus, 5413! and in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr.,

606! Schlechter, 9821! Masson, 37!

This species was placed by Bentham in the § Ephebus, to which, without

doubt, it is allied, and to which it affords a transition; but it seems better

included here. It has also affinities with E. tumida, Ker. ;

Section XIII. EPHEBUS. (Sp. 123-175.)

123. E. nivalis (Andr. Heathery, t. 274) ; erect, branched, 1 ft.

or more high; leaves 3-nate, from subpatent to squarrose, linear,

obtuse, glabrous, straight, 2~3 lin. long ; flowers 3-nate, subcernuous ;

pedicels about 2 lin. long; bracts remote, small; sepals lanceolate,

acute, about 1 lin. long; corolla globose-urceolate, mouth much

eek I

22 Gi. 1V.—<ex0T. 1.

114 ERIcACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

contracted, covered with soft hairs, white, 2} lin. long; limb very

small; segments erect or subconnivent ; anthers included, oblong-

cuneate, aristate; style included; stigma capitellate. Andr. Col.

Heaths, t. 250; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 674.

Soutn Arrica: Locality unknown.

The specimens’ we have seen under this name belong to E. Peziza, Lodd. We

have seen no authentic specimen of this species, but accept Andrews’ t. 274;

with its accompanying description as the type. The shape of the corolla is

there so different from that of E. Peziza, that it is quite impossible to regard the

two as one species.

124. E. Peziza (Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 265); erect, densely flori-

ferous, 1-11 ft. high ; branches ascending or nearly erect, tomentose ;

leaves 3-nate, erect or subspreading, linear, obtuse, sulcate, glabrous,

mostly shining, 11—2 lin. long; flowers sub-3-nate ; pedicels tomen-

tose, 12 lin. long; bracts remote, linear, small; sepals ovate-lan-

ceolate, acute, sulcate and keel-tipped, pubescent, 3 lin. long;

corolla cyathiform to obeonic, not contracted but often widened at

the mouth, densely long-tomentose, white, mostly about 2} lin. long ;

limb from nearly half, to as long as the tube; segments rounded,

erect or slightly reflexed at the tips only ; filaments bent at the apex ;

anthers included, ovate, dark brown, less than } lin. long, aristate ;

awns affixed near the middle of the cells, subulate with roughened

margins, nearly as long as the cell; style included ; ovary minutely

tomentose.

Coast REGION, on mountains between 800-1000 ft.: Caledon Div. ; near

the Zondereinde River, Schlechter, 5637! near Caledon, MacOwan, Herb. Aust.-

Afr., 1492! Robertson Div. ; near Montagu, Tyson, 3033! Bolus, 3992! 6387!

6720! Swellendam Div. ; near Hessaquas Kloof, Zeyher, 3242!

This species was included by Bentham (DC. Prodr. vii. 674) as a synonym of

E. nivalis, Andr. We have numerous specimens, agreeing well with Loddiges’

figure, but not, as to the shape of the corolla, with Andrews’ fig. of E. nivalis

(t. 274). So great a difference in the shape of the corolla we have not seen in

any species; and we feel bound to maintain both as distinct, although Andrews’

species appears to be known only from his figure.

125. E. ovina (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 674) ;

stout, erect, 1-11 ft. high; branches straight or flexuous, densely

grey-woolly, becoming naked below; leaves 3-nate, spreading,

linear or subfiliform, suleate, obtuse, very slender, puberulous, —

glabrescent, 2-23 lin. long; flowers 3-nate; pedicels pubescent,

1-11 lin. long; bracts remote, small; sepals ovate or ovate-lanceo-

late, acute, keel-tipped, pubescent, 8-1 lin. long; corolla ovoid or

ovoid-oblong, mouth slightly contracted, densely but not very closely

lanate with somewhat long twisted hairs, white, 3 lin, long; limb

erect, short, about + as long as the tube; anthers included, sub-

cuneate-oblong, dark-brown, less than + lin. long, aristate; awns

narrow, about 2 the length of the cell; style included, compressed ;

stigma capitate; ovary turbinate, somewhat truncate, hispidulous.

Var. B, purpurea (Bolus); habit more branched; corolla cyathiform, equal

or perhaps slightly widened to the mouth, pale purple, 2-2} lin. Sonige ;

Erica.) ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). 115

Coast Rre@ron: Caledon Div.; mountain ridges along the lower part of

Zondereinde River, Zeyher, 3210! Var. 8: Caledon Div. ; near Zoetmelks Vlei,

Grisbrook in Herb. Guthrie, 3284!

126. E. tomentosa (Salisb. in Trans, Linn. Soc. vi. 327) ; erect,

about 1 ft. high; branches numerous, paniculate, tomentose-pubes-

cent, densely many-flowered ; leaves 3-nate, suberect, linear, obtuse,

sulcate, puberulous, glabrescent, 1-1} lin. long ; flowers sub-3-nate ;

pedicels pubescent, 1-1} lin. long; bracts small, remote; sepals

narrow-lanceolate to ovate, pubescent, coloured, about + lin. long ;

corolla urceolate or narrow-urceolate, mouth slightly contracted,

densely and shortly pubescent, almost velvety, dull red to lilac,

19 lin. long; limb very short ; segments spreading; filaments

capillary, bent at the apex; anthers included, dorsifixed near the

base, broad oblong, very obtuse, about } lin. long, aristate; awns

short, subulate, sometimes recurved upwards, the apices touching

the back of the anther ; style subexserted, stigma capitate; ovary

from pubescent to subglabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 673.

E. velutina, Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 645.

Coast Raion, between 1000-2000 ft.: Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots

Holland, Mulder, ex Salisbury! Caledon Div.; mountains of Baviaans Kloof

and near Genadendal, Burchell, 7611! Drége, 7770a! Galpin, 3659! moun-

tains near Zoetmelks Vlei, Grisbrook in Herb. Guthrie, 3295! at the foot

of Babylons Tewer, Ecklon (ex Bartling). Also cultivated specimens, Herb.

Salisbury !

127. E. pubigera (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 372) ; ereet,

6-10 in. high ; branches slender, erect, tomentose ; leaves 3-nate (or

4-nate, Bentham) ; erect-spreading, or squarrose below, narrow semi-

terete, sulcate, obtuse, glabrous, under 2 lin. long; flowers 3-nate ;

pedicels bent, 1 lin. long ; bracts 3, remote, median, one foliaceous,

the others shorter, coloured ; sepals linear or linear-lanceolate, acute,

sulcate, glabrous or pubescent, foliaceous, 1 lin. long; corolla urceo-

late, mouth contracted, densely hispid, subviscid, white, about 2 lin.

long ; segments ovate, recurved, dark purple, short ; filaments capil-

lary, curved at the apex ; anthers included, dorsifixed near the base,

broad-oblong, very obtuse, about 4 lin. long, aristate; pore half the

length of the cell ; awns subulate, about the length of the cell;

style included ; stigma capitellate ; ovary pilose-pubescent. Benth.

in DG. Prodr. vii. 673. E. preusta, Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 645,

Coast Recion: Swellendam Div.; Voormans Bosch, Ludwig ¥ Beil (ex

n, near Swellendam, Niven, 224! Borcherds in

Bartling); on the Lange Berge |

Herb. Bolus, 63261 Schlechter, 5678! Galpin, 3664! Ecklon & Zeyher.

128. E. Constantia (Nois. ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 672) ;

branches erect, rigid, the younger tomentose; leaves 3-nate, erect-

spreading, incurved, oblong, sulcate, obtuse, naked above, below

furnished with 2 rows of rigid tuberculate-setose hairs, 2-2} lin.

long ; flowers subumbellate ; pedicels stout, pubescent, about 1 lin.

long ; bracts approximate, one large almost exactly like the leaves,

the two smaller like the sepals ; goes small, narrow-ovate, acute,

| I

116 ERICACEZ (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica,

contracted, coarsely and rigidly pubescent, of thick and tough texture,

2-21 lin. long; limb small; segments spreading or recurved,

rounded; filaments narrow, nearly equal, slightly bent; anthers

included or subincluded, laterally basifixed, oblong, subobtuse,

slightly eurved, muticous; pore about 4 the length of the cell,

2 lin. long; style exserted ; stigma capitate ; ovary pubescent.

Coast Rreeion: Worcester Div.; on the Matroos Berg, 5200 ft., Marloth,

1960!

This number was erroneously cited as E. oresigena, Bolus, in Journ. Bot.

1894, 238, 239. ]

The specimens of Dr. Marloth agree excellently with those of the type in

Herb. Berlin marked “ex horto Kennedy, 1816,” which we have seen and dis-

sected. Bentham calls the bracts remote, but the type shows them clearly

approximate. This rare species is well marked by the one large bract, the

minute sepals, and thick rough corolla. Its rediscovery is very interesting. It

has a geueral resemblance to E. trichadenia.

129. E. albescens (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 678) ;

prostrate, much branched, more or less tomentose with shorter and

longer hairs intermixed ; leaves 3-nate (or 3-4-nate, Bentham), from

subpatent to squarrose, rather close-set, incurved or straight, linear,

obtuse, sulcate, thick, puberulous or subglabrous, ciliate or naked,

pale green, 1-2 lin. long; flowers fasciculate-racemose, 3-nate ;

pedicels puberulous, 1-11 lin. long; bracts remote, two small, one

larger and foliaceous ; sepals from an ovate base, sulcate-keeled, and

foliaceous in the upper part, thick, ciliate, subglabrous, 1-14 lin.

long; corolla suburceolate, mouth not (or very slightly) contracted,

puberulous, white, 1} lin. long; limb erect, 4 to 4 the length of the

tube, sinuses sometimes rounded ; filaments slender, straight ; anthers

subincluded, oblong, obtuse or subacute, a little over 4 lin. long,

cristate ; crests with a lacerate margin or subaristate and closely

ciliolate, about + the length of the cell; style exserted; stigma

capitate ; ovary sparingly villous.

Var. 8, erecta (Bolus); branches erect, virgate. 1 ft. or more long; leaves

sometimes lanceolate and somewhat open-backed, tuberculate-hispid and rough :

sepals linear to linear-lanceolate; anthers obtuse, subaristate ; awns closely

ciliolate.

Coast Reeron, from 1700-2500 ft. : Swellendam Div.; Tradouw or Kanna-

land, Mund § Maire in Herb. Berlin! Var. B: Piquetberg Div.; Piquetberg

Mountain, Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 6336! Guthrie, 2657! Tulbagh Div.; moun- —

tains near Saron, Schlechter, 10654 !

We have seen some leaves and dissected a flower from a specimen in Herb.

Berlin, which is probably that which Bentham used for his description. The

plants we have placed under var. 8 agree in the most important characters with

this type, and we think are too near to make it advisable to separate them

specifically. The greatest difference isin the habit. Kannaland is a dry tract

behind the Lange Bergen, and we may conjecture that the specimens found since

- Mund’s time, further to the west, are more luxuriant forms due to a moister and

less severe climate. ;

pubescent, ciliate, 2 lin. long; corolla urceolate, mouth slightly

180. E. oxyandra (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect, 1 ft. or more high 5

branches thinly tomentose, also with sparsely scattered long hairs;

Erica.) rricace& (Guthrie & Bolus). 117

leaves 3-nate, spreading-incurved, linear, obtuse, deeply sulcate, or

the lower somewhat open-backed, setaceous-pilose, with long spread-

ing tubercle-based hairs, glabrescent but the tubercles persistent,

2-83 lin. long ; flowers sub-3-nate; pedicels pubescent, about 23 lin.

long; braets remote, subbasal, minute; sepals like the younger

leaves, setose-pilose and ciliate with mostly very long hairs, 1} lin.

long; corolla suburceolate-cyathiform, with only a slight contraction

at the throat, sub-4-gonous at the base, setaceous-pilose, white, 2}—3

lin. long; segments erect or slightly spreading, broadly rounded ;

filaments bent at the apex; anthers included, cuneate-oblong, acute,

brown, about % lin. long, cristate; erests short, ovate, lacerate ;

style exserted ; ovary thinly hispidulous.

Coast Reeron : Swellendam Div. ; slopes of the Lange Bergen near Swellen-

dam, about 3000 ft., Bolus, 8088 !

The long hairy indumentum gives some resemblance to E. fausta and E.

setosa ; but it may be known from both by its less expanded leaves, and

especially by its sharply cuneate acute anthers.

131. E. dysantha (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 674); branches

straggling, slender, 12 in. or more long, red, shortly pubescent and

also pilose with longer hairs ; leaves 3-nate, squarrose, linear, sulcate

below, hispid, ciliate, over 1 lin. long; flowers 3-nate ; pedicels less

than 1 lin. long; bracts approximate, one foliaceous, the others

small, linear, pilose; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, pilose, 1} lin.

long; corolla urceolate, mouth only slightly contracted, pilose with

long stiffish hairs, nearly 2} lin. long; limb erect, 4 the length of

the tube; segments rounded ; filaments widened below the anthers,

straight; anthers just included, oblong, very obtuse, less than } lin.

long, with two very short squarrose tooth-like appendages at the

base; style exserted; stigma capitate; ovary villous with long

hairs.

Coast Reraron: Riversdale Div.; on the slopes and summit of Kampsche

Berg, Burchell, (093! 7119!

A well-marked species which seems to have evaded observation before

Burchell’s time (1814) and since. Except for its almost shaggy corolla it

might go into § Ceramia.

132. E. dilatata (Wendl. fil. ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 656) ;

erect, 1 ft. or more high; branches spreading, flexuous; leaves

3-nate (3-4-nate, Bentham), erect or spreading, linear, acute, sulcate,

puberulous, ciliate, 2-3 lin. long; flowers 3-nate ; pedicels much

longer than the flowers, pubescent ; bracts remote, small ; sepals

lanceolate, acuminate, ciliate, coloured, 1-1} lin. long; corolla

urceolate, mouth slightly contracted, silky pubescent, 2} lin. long ;

limb short, erect ; filaments slender, bent below the anther; anthers

included, shortly aristate; style included ; stigma capitate ; ovary

puberulous. E. hirta, Wendl. Eric. Ie. fasc. 27, 16? not of

Thunb. '

- Sovru Areica: without locality or eollector’s name in the Berlin Herbarium.

118 prrcacem (Guthrie & Bolus). | Hrica.

Bentham’s description is based on what is probably a garden plant in Herb.

Berlin. There is also a specimen in Herb. Kew, labelled “ Koenig,” from

Salisbury’s Herbarium with the name ‘‘ E. dilatata, Wendl.,’’ added by Bentham.

These may or may not be the same as the figure of H#. hirta in Wendland’s Eric.

Ic. fase. 27, quoted by Bentham. This last is a good figure, and much resembles

E. afinis and E. propinqua, near which Bentham doubtfully placed this species.

But the sepals of this species are not like those of § Trigemma, nor does the

presence of an indumentum on the corolla agree. Bentham suspected this

might be a hybrid. We have endeavoured to draw up a description embracing

both Wendland’s and Bentham’s, but have relied chiefly on the excellent figure

of the former.

133. E. Alopecurus (Harv. Thes. Cap. i. 31, t. 48); 1 ft. or more

high ; branches virgate, imbricate throughout their whole length with

small and short or minute erect branchlets, pubescent and also setose-

hirsute ; leaves 3-nate, incurved-ascending, linear, obtuse, sulcate,

midrib visible beneath, coarsely pubescent or hirsute, 2—3 lin. long;

flowers 3-nate, crowded on very short branchlets towards the ends

of the branches into a cylindrical false spike from 1-3 in. long,

3-5 lin. wide; pedicels under 4 lin. long; bracts remote, small or

sometimes larger and foliaceous; sepals linear-subulate, pubescent

or setose, setose-tipped, ciliate, about 1 lin. long; corolla broad-

oveid or suburceolate-ovoid, mouth much contracted, pubescent,

about 1 lin. long, or rarely longer; limb very short; segments

spreading ; filaments capillary ; anthers included, broad ovate, pale

brown, less than + lin. long, aristate; awns rough, nearly as

long as the cell; style included, curved; stigma capitate; ovary

villous. .

Var. B, glabriflora (Bolus); corolla glabrous,

Coast ReGion: Cathcart Div.; Bontebok Flats, Kennedy, 106! King

Williamstown Div. ; Perie, Sim, 101! Stutterheim Div. ; Dohne Mountain,

8000 ft., Sim, 172! Kaffraria, Brownlee /

CENTRAL REGION: Somerset Div.; summits of Bruintjes Hoogte and Bosch

Berg, 4500 ft., MacOwan, 1550! and in Herb. Norm. 34!

Katanart Reoion: Basutoland, Cooper, 756! Transvaal; Gemsbok Spruit,

Nelson, 389! Komati, Mrs. Stainbonk in Herb. Wood, 3652! Var. 8: ‘Trans-

yaal; Witwatersrand, Mrs, H. Hutton, 875!

_ Eastern Region, from 7000-8500 ft.: Griqualand East; Luhana Pass,

Drakensberg Range, Galpin, 2321! summit of Ingeli Mountain, Tyson in Mac-

Owan & Bolus, Herb. Norm., 457! Natal; Rovelo Hills, Sutherland! Mooi

| River, Gerrard, 731; Kar Kloof, Rehmann, 7365! near Van Reenen, Schlechter-

ae Var. 8: Pondoland; Murchisons Plain, in Fakus Territory, Suther- _

and! é

This is very distinct by its peculiar inflorescence, which resembles that of

Stabe cinerea, Thunb., and by its very small broad anther.

134. E. emula (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect, 11-2 ft. high; branches

flexuous or nearly straight, pubescent with pallid spreading hairs;

leaves 3-nate, spreading, not crowded, linear, subacute, rounded at

the back and channelled, shining, glabrous or pilose with spreading

hairs, 21~3 lin. long; flowers umbellate or 3-nate; pedicels puberu-

lous, about 1 lin. long; braets remote or subremote, small; sepals —

lanceolate, acute, varying to linear-subulate from a broader —

Erica.| Ericace® (Guthrie & Bolus). 119

base, 2-1 lin. long; corolla obconic, with a wide mouth, minutely

puberulous or pubescent, white or pale ochraceous, 2 lin. long;

segments erect, rounded, + the length of the tube ; anthers included,

cuneate-oblong, pale brown, + lin. long, aristate; awns about 2 the

length of the cell, rough; style included; stigma capitate ; ovary

glabrous. f

Var. 8, pubescens (Guthrie & Bolus) ; all parts, including the corolla, more

copiously pubescent.

Coast Region: Worcester Div.; Bains Kloof, Miss Cummings in Herb.

Huguenot Seminary, 171! Stellenbosch Div. ; Fish Hoek, Gordons Bay, 100 ft.,

Guthrie, 3108! Var. 8: Clanwilliam Div.; in wet places, on Sneeuwkop,

Cederberg Range, Leipoldt, 613!

In general appearance and floral structure, this much resembles Z. subdivari-

cata, Berg. But, besides its 3-nate and more laxly set leaves, it has larger

flowers, somewhat different sepals, an obconic corolla, and never (so fur as our

specimens go) quite glabrous.

135. E. auriculata (Guthrie & Bolus); erect, 6-9 in. high ;

branches ascending, somewhat straggling, sparingly leafy, with long

internodes, puberulous, greyish; leaves 3-nate (rarely 4-nate ?)

ereet or subpatent, mostly distant, narrow-oblong, obtuse, sulcate,

thick, closely hispidulous, the younger shortly gland-ciliate, about

3 lin. long; flowers 3-nate ?; pedicels pubescent, about 12 lin. long;

bracts approximate, unequal, linear, foliaceous, glandular-pubescent,

the longest about 14 lin.; sepals like the longer bract, 1)~2 lin.

long ; corolla urceolate, mouth contracted, pubescent, apparently

white or whitish, 2 lin. long; limb erect, } the length of the tube

or less ; filaments gradually much expanded and wider at the apex

than the anther, furnished at the apex with two erect free adpressed

ear-like lobes, slightly coloured, thickened and fringed with short

hairs on the outer margin, and covering the base of the anther at its

back ; anthers included, lateral, inserted on the filament above the

~ base of the cells, oblong, subacute, nearly ,'; in. long, strictly

muticous, but apparently cristate by the filamentary processes above

described ; pore 2 of the cell; ovary softly woolly.

Cenrrat Recon: Ceres Div.; on the Skurfde Bergen, near Klein Valley,

5800 ft., Schlechter, 10207!

A very distinct species, with a filamentary appendage different from any other

known tous. This appears like an anther-crest, arising in the more usual way

from the cells, but on dissection it is plainly found to come away with the

filament. Our material is poor in respect of flowers; but the species is in every

way well marked.

136. E. siceefolia (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 326) ; suberect,

straggling, slender, with scanty foliage, 4-8 in. high; branches

ascending, glabrescent ; leaves 3-nate, spreading-erect, linear, acumi-

nate, setose-mucronate, mostly curved, sulcate, glabrous, shining,

. “22-5 lin. long; flowers 3-nate ; pedicels viscid, puberulous, mostly

curved, about 2 lin. long; bracts subapproximate or remote, small ;

sepals ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, viscid-pubescent, dark-coloured,

120 ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). | Hrica.

4-2 lin. long ; corolla broad-cyathiform, mouth wide, pubescent, sub-

viscidulous, about 2 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, dark purple ; limb short,

rounded ; segments ciliolate, about + the length of the tube ; anthers

included, oblong, about + lin. long, aristate; awns subulate from

i—2 the length of the cell; style exserted ; ovary glabous. Benth.

in DC. Prodr. vii. 672. EH. pygmea, Andr. Heathery, t. 279, and

Col. Heaths, t. 259. HE. sanguinolenta, Lodd. Bot, Cab. t. 468;

Bot. Mag. t. 2263.

Coast Recion: Caledon Div.; mountain tops of Baviaans Kloof, near

Genadendal, Masson, 9! Burchell, 7746! Bolus, 5404! and in Herb. Norm.

Aust.-Afr., 353! Also cultivated specimens !

Andrews’ figure does not well represent the wild plant; the others are

better.

187. E. podophylla (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 681); ‘‘a small

alpine plant about 6 in. high” (Niven); branches rigid, pubescent ;

leaves 3-nate, erowded on short branchlets as if fascicled, spreading,

long-petioled ; petioles ciliate, 1 lin. or more long; blade broadly

linear, thick, rigid, hispid, shining, obtuse, callous and recurved at

the apex, the whole 2}~31 lin. long ; flowers terminal (or “ irregu-

larly axillary and terminal, subracemose,” Bentham), subcalycine,

solitary, on short branchlets; pedicels pilose with spreading or

reversed hairs, 13-2 lin. long; bracts remote, adpressed, linear,

ciliate, scarious; sepals ovate, acuminate, keel-tipped, thick and

leathery, glabrous, smooth, shining, coloured, ciliate, 1 lin. long;

corolla rather broad urceolate-campanulate, mouth only slightly con-

tracted, 4-gonous, texture thick, densely puberulous, about 2 lin.

long ; limb subpatent, more than } the length of the tube ; segments

ovate, rounded; filaments bent at a right angle at their apex;

anthers included, suboblong, obtuse, 2 lin. long, cristate ; pore 2 the

length of the cell; crests ovate in outline deeply incised at the

apex, with linear lobes, in length % of the cell ; ovary hispidulous.

Coast Reaion : Swellendam Div. ; Grootvaders Bosch, Masson! moist rocky

places at Riet Kuil and near Swellendam, Niven, 30a! 297! summit of the great

meuntain near Swellendam, Burchell, 7328! ;

_ A very distinct and well-marked species. Bentham placed it in § Leptoden-

dron ; but it seems to fit better here. Like £. setosa and HL, fausta, the species

has escaped all recent collectors.

138. E. Atherstonei (Diels MSS.) ; a small, probably procumbent,

creeping, branched shrub, a few inches high; branches flexuose,

rather stout, the younger (as also the pedicels and margins of the

sepals) densely covered with short white floccose hairs; leaves

3-nate, erect-spreading, crowded, imbricate, linear-lanceolate, concave,

with a prominent mid-nerve above, convex and sulcate below, ciliate

en the margin and on the dorsal reflexed edge, becoming glabrous

and glossy, 13-2 lin. long; flowers both terminal and _ axillary,”

solitary at or near the ends of the branches; pedicels decurved,

23-4 lin, long ; bracts remote, thick, very small ; sepals narrow-

Brica.] ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). 121

lanceolate to oblong, subacute, upper margins recurved and thickened,

foliaceous, subcoriaceous, ciliate, 13 lin. long, or more than half as

long as the corolla; corolla tubular-campanulate to obconic, the

middle of each petal strongly nerved, and hence appearing sub-

tetragonous, minutely pulverulent, becoming glabrous, 13-22 lin.

long, 1-14 lin. wide at the apex; limb erect; segments oblong,

blunt, about 2 the length of the tube, at length splitting nearly to

the base; anthers subexserted, narrow-oblong, nearly straight,

scaberulous, nearly 2 lin. long, cristate at the base ; pore nearly

1 the length of the cell; crests lanceolate, acuminate, dentate,

curved, about 4 the length of the cells; style exserted, rather stout,

decurved at the apex; stigma capitate; ovary pubescent.

Katanart Reeron: Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Atherstone! Devils

Kuuckles, near Spitzkop, Wilms, 904!

Allied to E. podophylla, which is somewhat remarkable from the fact that

their native localities are so far apart. The strongly-nerved corolla of the

present species would alone serve to distinguish it, and is very unusual in the

genus. This species affords a transition to the § Gypsocallis, and might almost

equally well have been placed there on account of its partially axillary in-

florescence, but the anthers are not fully exserted, and it has hardly the

appearance of that section.

139. E. propendens (Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 122); erect, 12-18 in.

high; branches nearly straight, the younger pubescent; leaves

4-nate, erect-spreading, imbricate, linear-trigonous, ciliate, glabrous

or hairy, 1-12 lin. long; flowers 1—4-nate; pedicels j—% lin. long;

bracts approximate, scarious, coloured; sepals obovate, scarious,

keel-tipped, sometimes with a long excurrent point, lacerate, coloured,

11 lin. long; corolla broad-campanulate, pubescent, red, 4—5 lin.

long ; segments large, erect or spreading, rounded, about 1 lin. long ;

filaments slightly thickened below the anther; anthers included,

dorsifixed near the base, oblong, a little over } lin. long, dark

coloured, muticous; style straight, included; stigma capitellate ;

ovary 4-8-celled, glabrous, rough. Andr. Heathery, t. 141; Bot.

Mag, t. 2140; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 63; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

682. .

Coast Reeton: Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek, 800 ft., Grisbrook in Herb.

Guthrie, 2363 1 near the mouth of the Palmiet River, Bolus, 9935! and without

precise locality, Bolus, 5926! 6311! Guthrie, 4579! Niven! Also cultivated

specimens ! ;

This much resembles E. chrysocodon in habit and general appearance ; but is

perhaps nearer to E. perspicua. Like the latter it has often an 8-celled ovary,

though some specimens are 4-celled. One specimen before us with the corolla

5 lin. long may be a hybrid between E. perspicwa and some other species; but

the calyx is very different.

140. E. pyramidalis (Soland. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, iii. 491);

erect, 1-2 ft. high; branches mostly virgate; leaves 4-nate, erect,

subineurved, linear-trigonous, slender, glabrous or puberulous,

21-32 lin. long; flowers 4-nate, abundant, on short branchlets ;

122 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hriea,

pedicels 1 lin. long; bracts minute, remote; sepals linear-acuminate

from an ovate scarious base, foliaceous, 11—12 lin. long; corolla

campanulate-obconie, glabrous or minutely puberulous, rosy-red,

31-5 lin. long; segments ovate, slightly spreading, 1} lin. long;

anthers included, dorsifixed considerably above the base, oblong,

about 2 lin. long, muticous; ovary glabrous, Bauer, Exot. Pl.

t. 27; Andr. Heathery, t.142, and Col. Heaths, t. 51; Wendl. Eric.

Te. fasc. 5, 3; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 319; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

682. E. transparens, Thunb. Prodr. 71, not of Berg. E. obpyrami-

dalis, Salish. Prodr. 298, and in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi, 356. £.

campanulata, F. W. Schmidt, Neue und Selt. Pf. 47.

Var. 8, vernalis (Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 682) ; flowers much smaller in all

parts, sepals 1 lin. long, corolla subcampanulate-cyathiform, 2}-3 lin. long, the

limb shorter and more spreading, anthers about 4 lin. long. EH. vernalis,

Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1608. E. pyramidiformis, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 24, 181,

t. 68.

South ArRicA: without locality, Sieber, 169! Herb. Salisbury! and

cultivated specimens! Var. 8: cultivated specimens !

Coast Reaion: Cape Div.; Zwart River near Rondebosch, Masson ! Niven,

100! between Wynberg and Muizenberg, Werner! (in Cape Herb.). Cape

Flats, Bolus, 2953! 8019! Paarl Div.; Drakensteen Mountains, Thunberg.

Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland, Thunberg.

There can be no question of the identity of Wendland’s EL. pyramidiformis, and

of Loddiges’ E. vernalis ; Bentham held the latter as a variety of this species,

and maintains the former as distinct. We have seen a specimen marked JL.

pyramidiformis in the Berlin Herbarium, but it has clearly nothing to do with

this species, and is probably E. pusilla, Salisb.

141. E. chrysocodon (Guthrie & Bolus); erect, 1-11 ft. high ;

branches rather slender, virgate or spreading, the upper hirsute, the

lower glabrescent ; leaves 4-nate, erect, imbricate, linear or subulate,

acute, keeled, hairy on the keel and ciliate, 14-2 lin. long; flowers

on short branchlets, mostly solitary, or in pairs, usually forming a

long dense cylindrical pseudo-raceme from 3-6 in. long at the

ends of the branches; pedicels 3—% lin. long; bracts remote,

subbasal, small; sepals ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, keel-tipped,

subfoliaceous, thin, hirsute and ciliate, 14 lin. long; corolla funnel-

shaped, lower half of the tube distinctly contracted, upper half

widened to the mouth, variable between obconic and subcampanu-

late, thinly pilose with longish hairs, bright yellow, 3-34 lin. long ;

limb ample ; segments rounded or oceasionally acute, mostly spread-

ing at maturity, occasionally recurved, less than } as long as the

tube; anthers manifest, just reaching beyond the corolla-tube, dorsi-

fixed a little above the base, cuneate-oblong, subacute, minutely

seaberulous, about 2 lin. long, muticous; pore narrow, 1—} the length

of the cell; style shortly exserted, slender ; stigma small, capitellate ;

ovary spherical, small, glabrous. .

- Coast ReGron: Paarl Div.; mountains around French Hoek, Bolus in Mac-

Owan Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1629! Caledon Div.; in wet places at the foot of

the French Hoek Pass on the eastern side, 1200 ft., Fair in Herb. Bolus,

6334! rae a

Erica. | ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 123

142. E. trichophora (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 673) ; erect,

12-14 in. high or more; branches virgate, pubescent, with longer

setose hairs intermixed ; leaves 4-nate, suberect or spreading, linear,

obtuse, slender, keeled, hirsute, 1-1} lin. long; flowers usually

solitary in the specimens seen, but occasionally 2-nate and probably

normally 4-nate; pedicels rather stout, } lin. long; bracts sub-

basal, one long linear, two very short; sepals linear, acuminate,

keeled, foliaceous from an ovate searious denticulate-edged coloured

base, pubescent, 1-14 lin. long; corolla tubular-obeonie or sub-

urceolate-cyathiform, widened to the mouth, more or less copiously

clothed with coarse white hairs, about 3 lin. long; limb erect;

segments rounded, about 4 the length of the tube ; anthers included,

dorsifixed shortly above the base, cuneate-oblong, barely } lin. long,

muticous; pore about + the length of the cell; style included,

slender; stigma very small, subsimple; ovary oblate-spheroidal,

glabrous. LE. pilifera, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 505, not of Thunb.

Coast Recion: Caledon Div.; Klein River Mountains, 1000-3000 ft.,

Ecklon § Zeyher (in Herb. Berlin). Swellendam Div. ; mountains near Puspas

Vley, 1000-4000 ft., Ecklon §° Zeyher (in Herb. Trin. Coll., Dublin).

Somewhat intermediate between E. chrysocodon and E. setulosa, differing

from the former by its sepals and corolla, and from the latter by its leaves and

corolla. It seems possible that all three may be states of one variable species ;

but the evidence is scarcely strong enough at present.

143. E. setulosa (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 682); dwarf;

branches straggling, setaceous-pilose ; leaves 4-nate, narrow-oblong to

oblong, obtuse, minutely puberulous, and sparsely setaceous-ciliate

with long pallid hairs, 1} lin. long including the pubescent petiole ;

flowers 4-nate; pedicels puberulous, under 1 lin. long ; bracts

approximate, small ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, glandular-

ciliate, pubescent, foliaceons, coloured, } lin. long; corolla obconie,

widened to the mouth, puberulous or somewhat tomentose, about

11 lin. long ; segments erect, subobtuse, 2—} the length of the tube ;

filaments slender, nearly straight ; anthers included, dorsifixed near

the base, oblong, obtuse, about 3 lin. long, muticous ; pore about

1 the length of the cell; style shortly exserted ; stigma capitellate ;

ovary subspherical, glabrous.

Sovtn A¥FRIcA: without locality, Niven! in Herb. Kew.

We have dissected and examined flowers from the type, which consists of a

branch 6 in. in length.

144, E. pusilla (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 374); erect,

1-2 ft. high; branches spreading or subvirgate, puberulous, and

also pilose (intermixed with longer hairs) ; leaves 4-nate, from sub-

erect to spreading, linear, slender, faintly sulcate, roughly hirsute,

12-2 lin. long; flowers 4-nate ; pedicels hirsute, }-1 lin. long;

bracts remote, small, sometimes one, or two, wanting; sepals from

ovate to linear, hirsute, }-1 lin. long; corolla subcampanulate,

cyathiform or obconic, wilened to the mouth, hirsute, pale rosy,

124 ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus), [ Erica.

about 1 lin. long; limb ample, slightly spreading or erect, from

equal to the tube to about 2 its length; filaments capillary, bent

below the anther; anthers included, dorsifixed above the base,

oblong, about + lin. long, about 21 times as long as broad, aristate;

awns slender, rough-edged, straight or divaricate, nearly as long as

or a little longer than the cells ; style included or rarely just visible,

slender; stigma capitellate ; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DO. Prodr.

vii. 675. H. villosiuseula, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1844. E. canescens,

Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 23, 171, t. 65%

Var. 8, micranthera (Bolus); anther-cells somewhat divaricate, broad-oblong,

narrower towards the apex but very obtuse, truncate at the base, 4, lin. long,

about twice longer than broad; pore 2 the length of the cell; awns spreading

outwards and backwards, longer than the cell; in all other respects like the type,

or the corolla a little narrower than is commonly the case in that.

Coast Recion, ascending from 20 to 5000 ft.: Worcester Div. ; Dutoits

Kloof, Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4669! Cape Div.; mountains and flats around

Cape Town, Burke! Bolus, 4749! 4011! Guthrie, 127! Pappe! Ecklon, 93!

Stellenbosch Div. ; Bottelary Hill, Burchell, 8364! south-west cascade, Niven, 2 !

Caledon Div.; near Caledon, Bolus, 9153! Klein River Mountains, Zeyher,

3226! Bredasdorp Div. ; near Ratel River, Schlechter, 9713! Var. 6, Caledon

Div.; near Papies Vley, Schlechter, 10705 !

145. E. distorta (Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 644); mostly dwarf,

diffuse, under 1 ft. high; branches numerous, ascending or divaricate,

hirsute ; leaves 4-nate, erect-incurved or spreading, linear, sulcate,

thick, hirsute, 13-2} lin. long; flowers clustered, subcapitate ;

pedicels 3—1 lin. long or less; bracts remote, small ; sepals linear to

cuneate, acute, foliaceous, hirsute, under } lin. long; corolla urceo-

late-broad-cyathiform, pubescent, sometimes prominently veined,

not widened to the mouth in the living state (when dried and com-

pressed appearing widened), white turning brown, pale rose or

crimson, 1-17 lin. long, and about as broad ; limb usually spreading

at maturity, broad and rounded, rarely subacute; anthers included,

dorsifixed above the base, oblong, subobtuse, about lin. long, sub-

cristate; pore 3 the length of the cell; appendages from a broader

ciliolate base narrowed to subulate-acuminate, about 4 the length of

the cell; style exserted; stigma capitate; ovary glabrous. EH.

murina, Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 679. E. setacea, E.

Meyer ex Benth. l.c. 679. . persoluta, var. hispidula, Benth. l.c.

679, partly.

Coast Reeron, at 1500-2500 ft.: Worcester Div.; Dutoits Kloof, Drage.

Cape Div.; Table Mountain, Ecklon ! Bolus, 4924! Constantia Berg, Bodkin in

Herb. Bolus, 8061! Marloth! Paarl Div.; Drakensteen Mountains near Bains

Kloof, Bolus, 4052! French Hoek, Guthrie, 3739 !

The shape of the corolla is nearly that of E. pusilla; but the habit (usually

more divaricately-spreading), inflorescence, size of the anthers, and the shape of

their appendages, are different. The latter closely resemble those of E. pubescens

and HE. hirtijlora. The species does not seem to occur frequently.

: 146. E. caterveflora (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. S72)

arborescent, 8-12 ft. high; branches hirsute, the older glabrescent ; —

Erica.] ERIcACEa (Guthrie & Bolus). 125

leaves 4-nate, suberect or spreading-incurved, stout, semiterete,

sulcate, hirsute, glabrescent or glabrous, 21—31 lin. long; flowers

terminal and lateral, congested in clusters at the ends of the branches;

pedicels usually hirsute, 1-2 lin. long; bracts remote and small;

sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute, keel-tipped, ciliate, hirsute, under

1 lin. long; corolla oblong-tubular, or clavate-tubular, mouth not

(or very slightly) contracted, subtetragonous, ribbed, roughly hirsute

with tuberculate hairs like those of H. hirtiflora, white or pale rose,

21 lin, long; segments generally spreading, short, rounded; fila-

ments eapillary, bent below the anther ; anthers included, dorsifixed

shortly above the base, broadly oblong or subelliptical, very obtuse,

1 lin. long, subcristate ; pore very wide, more than } the length of

the cell; appendages from a broader denticulate base suddenly

narrowed to subulate-acuminate, about 2 the length of the cell ;

style included, slender ; stigma small, capitellate; ovary glabrous.

Benth. in DQ. Prodr. vii. 673. E. caterveefolia, Pers. Syn. i. 421.

E. pubescens, var. villosa, Thunb. Diss. Lirica, 39," t. OF

Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 5,11. E. compacta, Bartl. in Linnea, Vii.

644.

Var. B, glabrata (Benth. l.c. 673); all parts, including the corolla, glabrous.

E. corymbosa, Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 648. E. sieberiana, Klotzsch ex Benth. l.c.

673. E. corymbosa, Tausch in Flora, 1834, 618.

Sour Arrica: without locality, Masson! Hesse! Mund! Lehmann!

Var. B: Sieber, 167!

Coast Recion: Cape Div. ; Clanwilliam Div., Letpoldt! hills below Table

Mountain, Thunberg, by the Hout Bay stream, 2000 ft., Marloth in MacOwan

& Bolus, Herb. Norm., 848! Swellendam Div. ; locality and collector unknown,

Cape Herb. !

A very distinct species and generally recognizable at once by its clustered

flowers and rather large, coarse leaves. The anther-crests are almost exactly

those of E. pubescens, L., and HE. distorta, Bartl. It appears to be somewhat

rare.

147. E. parviflora (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 506); erect, 1-3 ft.

high ; branches ascending or slender and diffuse, usually with long

and short hairs intermixed ; leaves 4-nate, spreading to squarrose,

linear, sulcate, closely or sparsely hairy, 1-21 lin. long; flowers

3-nate; pedicels 3-1} lin. long ; bracts remote and small; sepals

base, oblong, obtuse, aristate, rarely muticous; pore about > the

length of the cell; cell from } to over 4 lin. long; awns linear,

rough-edged, from 3 the length of the cell to about as long as it,

126 ERICACEHZ (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

Sinclair, Hort. Erie: Wob. 26; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1157. #£.

tardiflora, Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 373.

Var. 8, exigua (Bolus) ; corolla cyathiform or cyathiform-obconic, mostly

narrower and shorter than in the other varieties; mouth scarcely contracted ;

anthers aristate ; ovary glabrous. H. exigua, Salisb. l.c. 373.

Var. y, inermis (Bolus); characters as in 8, but anthers muticous. E.

inermis, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 505.

Var. 6, puberula (Bolus); characters of the type, but differing in having

long internodes and tufted foliage, pubescence rough and hispid. £E. tardiflora,

Salish. Herb., scarcely of Trans. Linn. Soc, vi. 373. E. puberula, Bartl. in

Linnea, vii. 644, not of Klotzsch. E. grisea, Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr.

vii. 674,

Var. ¢, hispida (Bolus) ; characters of the type, but corolla broader and ovary

hispid.

Var. ¢, ternifolia (Bolus) ; leaves 3-nate; corolla narrow-ovoid-urceolate or

narrow-ovoid, puberulous (or perbaps sometimes cyathiform-conical and villous) ;

anther suboblong, broader than usual in other varieties, less than } lin. long.

EL. angustata, Bartl. in Linnea, vii, 651 ?

Sour Arrica: without locality, the type and vars. 8 and 5, Drége! Herb.

Salisbury ! and cultivated specimens! Var. ¢: Bolus, 4174 !

Coast Reeion: Worcester Div.; near Worcester, Rehmann, 2527! Cape

Div.; hills and flats around Cape Town, Thunberg, Burchell, 70! 100! 312!

817! 8440! Niven, 28! Zeyher, 1099! Bolus, 3707! Sieber, 75! 198! Caledon

Div.; Houw Hoek, Zeyher, 3206! near the Palmiet River, Bolus, 4174!

Zwart Berg, Bolus, 6748! Swellendam Div.; near Swellendam, Mund, 51!

near the Zondereinde River, Zeyher, 3225! Var. 8: Paarl Div.; near Paarl,

Burchell, 9511 Caledon Div. ; near Villiersdorp, Bolus, 5179 ! Bredasdorp Div. ;

between Elim and Napier, 8458! Schlechter, 7692! Var. y: Caledon Div. ;

near Grietjes Gat, Ecklon & Zeyher (ex Klotzsch). Var. 8: Worcester Div. ;

Breede River Valley, near Bains Kloof, Bolus, 2958! Guthrie, 2076! Cape

Div. ; Cape Flats, Ecklon (ex Bartling). Var.¢: Stellenbosch Div. ; Lowrys

Pass, Schlechter, 7809! Var. ¢: Paarl Div.; near Bains Kloof, Bolus, 4050!

-Tulbagh or Ceres Div.; Mitchells Pass, Schlechter, 8954!

Somewhat resembling E. pusilla but with longer and narrower corollas ;

also in some of its forms approaching EL. intervallaris.

148. E. intervallaris (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc, vi. 375); erect, _

1-1} ft. high; branehes many, virgate, slender, pubescent or pilose ;

leaves 4-nate, incurved-ereet to squarrose, narrow-linear, sulcate,

pubescent, glabrescent, 1-1} lin. long; flowers 4-nate, mostly densely

erowded on short branchlets along the branches, forming a pseudo-

raceme ; pedicels very short; bracts remote, small; sepals linear-

lanceolate or lanceolate, rarely broad-ovate, acuminate, glabrous,

ciliate, or sometimes naked, usually smooth and glossy, coloured,

1-1} lin. long ; corolla narrow-cyathiform, or suburceolate-cyathi-

form, mouth searcely contracted, tetragonous, glabrous or more

rarely with a fine and scanty pubescence, bright rosy-red, 11-2 lin.

long; segments erect or spreading, rounded, 1-1 the length of the

tube ; anthers included, dorsifixed above the base, narrow-oblong,

obtuse, about % lin. long, aristate ; awns slender, rough-edged, 1 the

length of the cell; style included ; stigma capitate ; ovary glabrous

or puberulous. . alopecuroides, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 20, 119,

t. 45, not of Lodd.

Var. 8, grandiflora (Bolus); corolla suburceolate-oblong, about 2 lin. long,

over 1 lin. in diam, ; anthers nearly 4 lin. long; style 4-angled,

{

;

Lrica.| ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus), 127

Coast Region, at 1000-4800 ft.: Cape Div. ; near Wynberg, Niven, 27!

Stellenbosch Div.; mountains of Lowrys Pass, Burchell, 8211! Niren, 26!

MacOwan, Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1773! Caledon Div. ; Houw Hoek Mountains,

Burchell, 8141! Schlechter, 7780! Hottentots Holland Mountains, eastern side,

Guthrie, 2018! Bolus, 5549! Zoetemelks Vlei, Grisbrook! near Appels Kraal,

Zeyher, 32058! Genadendal Mountain, Galpin, 3704! Bredasdorp Div.; near

Elim, Guthrie! Var. 8: Caledon Div.; near the Palmiet River, (uthrie,

3548 |! ;

This species is so near to some forms of E. parviflora that we admit it with

some doubt. Yet even as a variety of that species it would be well marked by

its usually larger and more membranous sepals, its much less hairy leaves, sepals,

and (usually quite glabrous) corolla, its pseudo-racemose inflorescence, and its

more virgate graceful habit. It is usually found, and often in abundance,

growing along the margins of streams, or watercourses which are streams in

winter, in which respect also it differs from the preceding. Our var. B looks

different in habit from the ordinary form, and seems to connect with £.

cyrillefiora. But the anther is exactly that of this species, and as we have

only a single specimen we do not venture to make a species of it.

149. E. cyrilleflora (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 357) ; dwarf,

diffuse, under 1 ft. high; branehes very slender, numerous, pubes-

cent, red when young; leaves 4-nate, spreading-incurved, slender,

linear-subterete, puberulous or glabrescent, 23-3 lin. long; flowers

1—3—4-nate, on short branchlets ; pedicels red with white pubeseence,

very short; bracts remote, minute; sepals linear from an ovate

ciliate membranous base, acuminate, foliaceous in the upper part,

1 lin. long; corolla subtubalar or tubular-campanulate, mouth not

(or slightly) contracted, pubescent, red, 3 lin. long, about 1 lin.

wide ; segments small, spreading or erect, rounded ; filaments long,

flexuous; anthers just included, dorsifixed above the base, oblong,

obtuse, 2 lin. long, muticous; style included; stigma very small,

capitellate; ovary glabrous. £. palustris, Andr. Heathery, t. 77,

and Col. Heaths, t. 114; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 682; Lodd.

Bot. Cab. t, 4.

: ne Div. ; marshy plain on Simons Bay Mountains, Niven

381 99 | Bilal Aoeare Moreh, Grey! ‘Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland,

Mulder (ex Salisbury)! Also cultivated specimens !

A very distinct species approaching nearest to the preceding, but of very

different habit. It is probably now very rare: no records of any more recent

collectors are known to us.

150. E. algida (Bolus in Journ. Bot. 1894, 238); erect, 1 ft.

or more high; branches erect, rigid, pubescent, sometimes (as also

the pedicels and the ciliate hairs of the leaves) with compound

subplumose or floccose hairs; leaves 4-nate, erect, incurved, imbri-

cate, linear to lanceolate or oblong, sulcate, the lower sometimes

slightly open-backed, puberulous and ciliate with branched or sub-

plumose hairs, the older glabreseent, 1-2 lin. long ; flowers sub-

4-nate ; pedicels hairy, 1-1} lin. long ; bracts approximate, lanceo-

late, villous, viscid, nearly as large as the sepals ; sepals ovate, obtuse,

subfoliaceous, viscid, villous, glandular-ciliate, nearly 1 lin. long;

corolla broadly oval or oval-cyathiform, mouth not much contracted,

128 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

coarsely pubescent, pale red or dull purple, nearly 2 lin. long ;

segments suberect, broad, rounded, about } lin. long ; filaments

slender, straight ; anthers subincluded (just visible above the tube),

dorsifixed close to the base, obovate-oblong, obtuse, scaberulous,

dark-coloured, slightly over 3} lin. long, aristate; awns subulate,

rough, less than 3 the length of the cells; style subexserted ; stigma

capitate ; ovary densely woolly with white hairs.

KatanArRi Recion: Orange River Colony; on the higher slopes of Mont-aux-

Sources, 8000-9000 ft., Flanagan, 2030! Thode, 33! Nelsons Kop, Cooper, 854!

Basutoland; Machacha, Bryce.

Eastern Reaion, at 7000-10000 ft.: Griqualand East; summit of Mount

Currie, Tyson, 1193! 1769! Natal(?); near the source of the Umtjesi River,

Thode, 63 !

151. E. turgida (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 345, not of

Link); erect, 12-18 in. high ; branches many, spreading, hirsute,

reddish, somewhat slender; leaves 4-nate, incurved-erect, equalling

or often shorter than the internodes, linear, blunt, sulcate, hirsute,

1-2 lin. long; flowers 4-nate, subcapitate ; pedieels 3 lin. long ;

bracts subapproximate to remote, one long and leaf-like on a slender

petiole, long hirsute ; sepals linear, long ciliate, 2 lin. long ; corolla

urceolate to cyathiform, mouth contracted or only slightly so,

hispidulous, red, 1} lin. long ; segments erect or subpatent, rounded,

2 the length of the tube; filaments capillary, straight ; anthers

exserted, dorsifixed above the base, ovate-oblong, with a sharp

anterior point at the base, over + lin. long, cristate-aristate; awns

from a broader denticulate base narrowing to subulate, acuminate,

rough-edged, 2 the length of the cell; style exserted, slender;

stigma large, capitate; ovary hispidulous. Benth.in DC. Prodr. vii.

675. E. mellifera, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 370. E. fusco-

rubens, Roxb. ex Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 345.

Sout Arrica: without locality, Roxburgh! Harvey, 174! 187! Herb.

Salisbury ! and cultivated specimens!

Coast Recion: Cape Div.; Cape Flats, near Wynberg, 60 ft., Niven, 47!

Bolus, 7100! 7100b ! and in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 1802! (erroneously marked

“F. fimbriata, Andr. ?”’).

Allied by its exserted anthers to § Pyronium, and by its capitate inflorescence

to § Pseuderemia ; but best placed, #s by Bentham, in this section.

152. E. nidularia (Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 764); branches slender,

puberulous, reddish ; leaves 4-nate, spreading or incurved, linear-

oblong, obtuse or subacute, widely sulcate, or occasionally open-

backed, pubescent or (according to Bentham) subglabrous and some-

what hoary, 2 lin. long; flowers in elusters of 6-8 ; pedicels slender,

j-12 lin. long; bracts remote, linear, rather long; sepals linear-

subulate or lanceolate, acute or obtuse, puberulous, 1-12 lin. long ;

corolla urceolate-campanulate or cyathiform, mouth little or not at

all constricted, finely puberulous, white, 11~2 lin. long ; limb erect

or slightly spreading ; anthers included, dorsifixed shortly above the

base, cells deeply parted, longitudinally semiovate, the dorsal edge

Erica. _ ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 129

straight, smooth, somewhat membranous and pallid, nearly 2 lin.

long, aristate; pore about 1 the length of cell; awns somewhat

subulate, rough, about + the length of the cell; style included;

stigma capitate ; ovary (according to Bentham) puberulous. Benth,

in DC. Prodr. vii. 678. £. nidicularia, G. Don, Gen, Syst. iii. 799.

E. nudiflora and E. marioides, Hort. ex Benth. le. E. multum-

braculata, Tausch in Flora, 1839, 635.

Soutn Arrica: ex Loddiges; cultivated specimens !

This species has been founded upon garden specimens, from which alone it is

known tous. It may be allied to E. turgida or E. distorta, but it seems so

distinct that we are unable to find a close connection with any species. Bentham

thought it allied to EZ. persoluta; and also suggested that it might be a garden

hybrid. Our description is drawn partly from: Bentham’s, partly from a garden

specimen named by him, and partly from Loddiges’ figure ; and even these do

not well agree. We have also seen specimens at the British Museum marked

“Hort. Reg. Bot. Berol.”’? The type of E. multuwmbraculata, Tausch, isa garden

specimen in Herb. Royal Bot. Inst. Prague, kindly sent us for examination, and

which we find almost identical.

153. E. oresigena (Bolus in Journ. Bot. 1894, 238) ; erect, rigid,

branched, more or less hoary-pubescent in most parts; branches

stout; leaves 4-nate, from suberect to subpatent, imbricate,

narrow-obovate-oblong, very obtuse, sulcate, thick, cano-puberulous,

glandular-ciliate with short rigid hairs, 23-3 lin. long; flowers

4-nate ; pedicels glandular-pilose, 3-4} lin. long; bracts remote,

unilateral, oblong, cano-pubescent, rigidly glandular-ciliate, or more

rarely ciliate with plumose hairs, 11-2 lin. long; sepals like the

bracts but more lanceolate and longer, 2-24 lin. long ; corolla urceo-

late, mouth not very much contracted, minutely puberulous, reddish,

23-4 lin, long; segments erect, broad and rounded, about 1 the

length of the tube; filaments tapering upwards, slightly bent at the

apex ; anthers included, lateral, dorsifixed near the base, cuneate-

oblong, obtuse, over 2 lin. long, cristate ; pore 4 the length of the cell ;

crests broad and lacerate at the base, with a terminal subulate lobe, the

whole about 3 the length of the cell, nearly white ; style included ;

stigma capitate or clavate; ovary thinly hispid on the top, or

glabrous. .

: ° id-

Var. 8, intermedia (Bolus); leaves and sepals as in the type; corolla ovoi

urceolate, glabrous js nearly so; mouth very much contracted; segments

rounded, spreading, short. : ‘

VaR. ; elite (Bolus) ; leaves and sepals ciliate with soft subplumose hairs ;

corolla urceolate, glabrous, or nearly 80 ; mouth not much contracted ; ea gered

erect, about 4 the length of the tube, subacute; or, corolla pubescent, wit

short and spreading segments as in var. B.

Coast Reeron, at 5500-6000 ft.: Tulbagh Div.; amongst rocks on Winter-

hoek Mountain, Vanloth; 1645! Talhdae ot Ceres Div.; on Mosterts Hoek

Mountain, Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4259! Var. y, Worcester Div.; on the

Matroce Berg, Bolus! Clanwilliam OE ip cad Kop, Cederberg Range, near

u in ¥ », Bolus . ’ . .

Cuntaan Recon? Ver. A; Ceres Div.; Table Mountain, in the Cold

Bokkeveld, 6200 ft., Schlechter, 10086! :

VOL, IV.—SECT. I. >

130 ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

A somewhat variable species, yet well-marked in its chief characters. It is

quite confined to the higher mountains.

154. E. modesta (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 352) ; erect,

dwarf ; stem stout and woody, probably under 1 ft. high; branches

numerous, flexuous, sometimes intricate, covered with persistent

leaf-cushions, the younger (also the pedicels) floccose with small

subplumose or minutely barbellate hairs, younger leaves, bracts and

sepals similarly ciliate ; leaves 3-nate (also 4-nate, according to

Bentham), erect-spreading, closely imbricate, sexfarious, oblong, sub-

obtuse, thick, round-backed, sulcate, the younger ciliate and incano-

pulverulent, glabrescent, 1-12 lin. long; flowers 3-nate ; pedicels

floccose, 14-2 lin. long; bracts closely approximate, ovate, keel-

tipped, cartilaginous, pubescent, ciliate, very concave, pale rosy,

about 1 lin. long; sepals like the bracts, but somewhat larger,

11-2 lin. long, about 3 the length of the corolla; corolla ovoid-

urceolate, tapering somewhat gradually to the contracted throat,

or tubular-urceolate, and then only very slightly contracted at the

throat, pubescent, pale rosy, 3-4 lin. long ; segments spreading,

rounded, about 11 lin. long; filaments slender, sigmoid below the

anther; anthers included, lateral, dorsifixed well above the base,

cuneate-oblong, subobtuse, dark-coloured, scaberulous, a little over

1 Jin. long, aristate; pore 2 the length of the cell ; awns narrow-

subulate, ciliolate, about 1 the cells in length ; style included, or at

length manifest; stigma capitate; ovary very pale, glabrous.

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 655. Raspalia angulata, E. Meyer in

Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 215; and see Harv. § Sond.

Fl, Cap. ii. 320.

Coast Reeton: Caledon Div.; tops of the mountains of Baviaans Kloof,

near Genadendal, 2200-5000 ft., Niven, 58! 212e! Masson, 14! Burchell, 7711!

Drege, Bolus, 5425! Bodkin in Herb. Guthrie, 3620! and in Herb. Bolus,

6957! Schlechter, 9859 !

Bentham quotes E. leucophylla, Klotzsch, with a sign of doubt, as a synonym

for this species. We have not seen it (nor had Bentham), but from the

description it seems to be nearer to EH. oresigena, and may possibly be our

var. B of that species, yet there are differences which prevent identification.

155. E. Flanagani (Bolus in Journ. Bot. 1894, 2388); erect,

stout, rigid, branched, 2—3 ft. high ; stem 3 lin. in diam.; branches

subflexuous, pubescent, densely leafy ; leaves 4-nate, erect, crowded,

linear, subobtuse, sulcate, glabrous, 4-5 lin. long; flowers 4-nate,

subcernuous ; pedicels thick, 2 lin. long; bracts approximate, broad-

linear, thinly pubescent, coriaceous, thick, pallid, 3-34 lin. long;

sepals like the bracts, 3 lin. long; corolla urceolate or ovoid-ureeo-

late, mouth contracted, densely white-pubescent, white, about 4 lin.

long; segments erect, rounded with imbricate margin, scarcely } the

length of the tube; filaments rather broad, bent at the apex ; anthers

ineluded, affixed above the base, narrow-oblong, slightly curved, pale

brown, over 1 lin. long, cristate-aristate; awns from an oblong

denticulate base, suddenly contracted to subulate-acuminate, 3 or }

Erica. | ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 131

the length of the cell ; style stout, included ; stigma simple; ovary

deeply lobed, pubescent.

Karanart ReGion: Orange River Colony; on the landward slopes of the

Mont-aux-Sources, above Elands River Valley, 8000 ft., Flanagan, 2031!

A very distinct species, somewhat resembling E. ¢riflora in external appear-

ance, and unlike any other in this section.

156. E. hirtiflora (Curt. Bot. Mag. t. 481); erect, 1-2 ft. high;

branches stout, hirsute; leaves 4-nate, ineurvo-patent to squarrose,

linear, obtuse, sulcate, hirsute and rough with minute whitish

tubercles at the base of the hairs, 1-2 lin. long; petiole somewhat

long; flowers 4-nate; pedicels hirsute, 13-21 lin, long; bracts

remote, small; sepals lanceolate, hirsute, foliaceous, 3-1 lin. long;

corolla ovoid-ureeolate, or more rarely broad-urceolate, throat con-

tracted, roughly tuberculate-hirsute (as the leaves), pale purple,

usually darker at the apex, 13-2 lin. long; segments spreading,

about 1 or more rarely 1 the length of the tube ; filaments slender ;

anthers included, dorsifixed, ovate-cuneate, subacute or obtuse,

sparsely hispidulous below, + lin. long, aristate or subcristate ; pore

narrow-elliptical, less than } the length of the cell; awns broad-

linear, pale brown, ciliate with long thiekish hairs, as long as or

longer than the cell; style ineluded, slender; stigma capitate ;

ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 674. E. pubescens,

Andr. Heathery, t.37, and Col. Heaths t.48 ; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 167,

not of Linn. E. pubescens, var. pilosa, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 15,

41,¢.16. E. pubescens, var. hispida, Thunb. Diss. Erica, 39, and of

his Herb. (according to Rach). E. mitreformis, Salish. in Trans,

Linn. Soc. vi. 372. E. tardiflora, Salisb. Herb., but scarcely of his

descr. l.c. 378 (according to Benth.). E. puberula, Baril. in Linnea,

vii. 644, not of Klotzsch. E. grisea, Klotzsch, ex Benth. l.c. 674. E.

minima, Pritz, Ic. Bot. Ind.i. 417. HE. ovata, Lodd. Bot, Cab. t.

417. .

: esbury Div.; Saldanha Bay, Niven, 24! Cape Div. ;

babel gone beg er Weonbery, Ecklon, 291! Burchell, 627 t 8407 t

Bolus, 3298 ! 3718! and in Herb. Norm. Aust-Afr., 33! Guthrie, 1450! 1177!

Wolley Dod, 588! 824! Simons Bay, Milne, 110! MacGillivray, 447! age

Div. ; Nieuw Kloof, Houw Hoek Mountains, Burchell, 8142! Swellendam Div. ;

near the Zondereinde River, Zeyher, 1098 ! : ba Svneil

F is. This is the cnly heath known to us which, by its sud-

an Gronipeivel = some favourable vens0ni a colouring to the eastern ie

of Table Mountain which may be seen at a considerable distance, like that of the

similar E. cinerea, L., on the Scottish mountains. Bentham makes two varieties,

dependent on the size of the flower; but we find intermediate sizes. The

synonymy, as Bentham observes, is very confused. We have done our best to

unravel it, but have been obliged, in great part, to follow him.

157. E. mollis (Andr. Heathery, t. 272) ; erect, 1-1} ft. high, all

parts more or less hirsute with rather long hairs; leaves 4-nate,

from suberect to squarrose, linear, subterete, obtuse, obscurely sulcate,

somewhat rough from the tubercles at the base of the hairs, about

23 lin, long; flowers 4-nate, ig nl pedicels scarcely 1 lin. long ;

132 ERIcACE® (Guthrie & Bolus). [ rica.

bracts remote, small; sepals lanceolate, hirsute, long-ciliate, coloured,

under 1 lin. long; corolla globose-urceolate, contracted at the throat,

coarsely hirsute, dull red, 13 lin. long ; segments spreading, rounded,

less than 2 the length of the tube; filaments slightly bent at the

apex; anthers ineluded, laterally basifixed, trigonous, sparsely

hispidulous, about + lin. long, aristate ; pore orbicular, about } the

length of the cell ; awns straight, linear, closely serrulate, as long as

the cell ; style mostly included, rarely subexserted ; stigma large,

subpeltate ; ovary glabrous. Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 247; Benth. in

DC. Prodr. vii. 674. EH. ramosissima, Wendl. Hric. Ic. fase. 18, 93,

t. 36. E. modesta, Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 15, not of Salisb.

E. albiflora, Klotzsch in Herb. Berlin. E. pubescens, Sieber ex Benth.

l.c., not of Linn.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Thwnberg, Sieber, 171! and cultivated

specimens !

Coast Reeton: Cape Div.; Devils Peak, Niven, 30! Table Mountain,

3000 ft., Bolus, 4618! Constantia Mountain, Wolley Dod, 3427 !

A species very easily recognized by its stigma being unusually large for the

section, and its rather wide flowers, which, in drying, commonly lie flattened

from above, so that the mouth is exhibited open,

158. E. ribisaria (Guthrie & Bolus); erect, about 11 ft. high ;

branches many, weak-growing and slender, sparsely hirsute, glabres-

eent, reddish; leaves 4-nate, spreading, narrow-linear, subterete,

blunt, sulcate, hispidulous, 1-2 lin. long; internodes usually becom-

ing much longer than the leaves; flowers 4-nate; pedicels very

slender, 2-2} lin. long; bracts remote, infra-median, very small ;

sepals linear from a broader base, foliaceous at least in the upper

portion, pubescent, }— lin. long ; corolla ovoid to globose-urceolate,

contraeted at the mouth, thinly puberulous, dry, 11—2 lin. long,

bright crimson; segments erect, connivent, broad and rounded,

very short, darker than the tube; filaments slender; anthers in-

cluded, dorsifixed, ovate-cuneate, very obtuse, about as broad at the

base as their length, sparsely hispidulous, about + lin. long, aristate ;

pore wide, about } the length of the cell; awns linear, straight,

somewhat long ciliate, about as long as the cells (the anther much

resembling that of E. mollis, but slightly larger and with longer

hairs on the awns) ; style included, straight; stigma small, capitel-

late ; ovary hispidulous.

Coast Reeion: Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek Mountains, Zeyher, 3227! in

Herb. Berlin, Guthrie, 2283! Schlechter, 7360!

This species occurs in a well-searched locality, and has probably only escaped

_ examination on account of the resemblance of its flowers to those of E. ramentacea,

from which in some other respects (especially its habit) it is very different. It

appears to be very local.

_ 169. E. oophylla (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 672); 3-5 in. high;

branches puberulous ; leaves 4-nate, spreading, ovoid or subterete,

Erica. ] ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 133

very thick, obtuse, obscurely sulcate, densely hispidulous, seareely

1 lin. long; flowers 3-nate? or umbellate?; pedicels puberulous,

11-2 lin. long; bracts remote, linear, about 1 lin. long; sepals

lanceolate-oblong, obtuse, puberulous, viscid, coloured, 1 lin. long ;

corolla urceolate (“ovate,” Bentham), throat somewhat contracted,

pubescent, viscid, about 11 lin. long; segments erect or perhaps

spreading, shortly acuminate, darker coloured, about 4 the length of

the tube ; filaments rather broad, bent at the apex; anthers included,

dorsifixed, oblong, obtuse, over 3 lin. long, crested ; pore less than

1 the length of the cell; crests ovate, ciliolate, about 3 the length

of the cell; style included; stigma subsimple; ovary short, turbi-

nate, pilose chiefly towards the summit.

Coast Region: Swellendam Div.; on the slopes and summit of the great

mountain peak near Swellendam, Burchell, 7326! 7347! (not 1347 as quoted

by Bentham) 7403!

It seems strange that this species, so well-marked by its leaves and peculiar

corolla-limb, should have escaped all collectors but Burchell. But the locality

has not been well explored.

160. E. trichadenia (Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxiv. 183);

erect, much-branched, rough, 2-3 ft. high; branches flexuous or

divaricate, pubescent and glandular-setose ; leaves 3-nate, spreading

or squarrose, linear or linear-lanceolate, acute, suleate to open-

backed, puberulous and ciliate with rigid gland-tipped hairs, 23-34

lin. long ; flowers umbellate, 3-7-flowered ; pedicels glandular-pu-

bescent, 2-21 lin. long; bracts remote, mostly very small, sometimes

one larger and foliaceous, or solitary ; sepals linear-oblong, acute,

pubescent and gland-ciliate, 1 lin. long ; corolla narrow-campanulate,

mouth slightly widened, sparsely and very minutely hispidulous,

pale flesh-coloured, 13-21 lin. long; segments rounded, about $—3

the length of the tube; anthers included, subterminal, oblong,

tapering much to the filament at the base, 3 lin. long, subulate-

aristate ; awns smooth ; style exserted, rather stout, curved over to

an angle of 90°, red; ovary pubescent.

Coast Rearon: Ceres Div.; mountain slopes above Mitchells Pass, near

Ceres, 2000 ft., Bolus, 5297!

161. E. eriocodon (Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxiv. 186) ; erect,

somewhat robust, about 1 ft. high ; branches virgate, pubescent and

also pilose with longer and sometimes glandular hairs ; leaves 3-nate,

spreading, crowded, linear to lanceolate, from suleate tocpek Nr ,

pubescent and sparsely glandular-setose, ciliate, grey, 1}-2 lin. long ;

flowers 3-nate ; pedicels less than 1 lin. long; bracts subapproximate,

minute ; sepals ovate or ovate-lanceolate, pubescent and glandular-

ciliate, foliaceous, about } lin. long; corolla broad-cyathiform, mouth

neither contracted nor much widened, pubescent, somewhat viscidu-

lous, 1 lin. long and a little wider; segments broad, nearly flat,

erect or at length incurved, about } as long as the tube; filaments

capillary ; anthers included, obovate (in front view nearly orbicular),

134 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

about $ lin. long, muticous ; style shortly exserted ; stigma eapi-

tate ; ovary hirsute. WL. eriopodon, Ind. Kew. Suppl. i. 156.

Coast REGion: Tulbagh Div.; on the slopes of the Winterhoek Mountain,

1500 ft., Bolws, 5190!

This has somewhat the habit and appearance of FE. bicolor, but the flowers

are usually fewer and less prominent. It is very distinct in this section by its

anthers: none of those which are muticous being so small and few even of

those which are appendiculate.

162. E. patens (Andr. Heathery, t. 133); erect, ‘*2 ft. high”;

branches pubescent and pilose; leaves 3-nate, spreading, elliptic-

oblong, acute, open-backed, puberulous, sparingly gland-ciliate,

1} lin. long; flowers 3-nate; pedicels pubescent, 11 lin. long;

bracts remote, small; sepals lanceolate-ovate, acute, foliaceous,

pubescent, gland-ciliate, less than 1 lin. long; corolla broadly

obconic, mouth widened, puberulous, rosy red, 2 lin. long; segments

subacute or rounded and obtuse, erect or spreading, about equal to

the tube ; anthers included, semi-ovate, sublateral, lobed above the

base, dark-eoloured, scabrid, under 3 lin. long, aristate ; awns sub-

decurrent, subulate, ciliolate, short ; ovary densely villous with long

hairs. Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 115; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 26, 7;

Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1228; Benth. in DO. Prodr. vii. 686. E.

expansa, Hort. ex Benth. l.c.

SourH Argica: without locality, Niven (ex Loddiges), cultivated speci-

mens !

This species is only known to us from the descriptions, figures, and several

garden specimens in Herb. Kew. It is very distinct and peculiar, having the

corolla-form of § Ewrystoma, but in every other respect the characters of this

section. The anther is unusual in shape, tapering very much to the base, but

scarcely subterminal,

163. E. perlata (Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 18); erect, 1-2 ft.

high ; branches ascending, often straggling, tomentose and glandular-

pilose ; leaves 4-nate, squarrose, narrow-oblong, or the shorter

subovate, open-backed, obtuse, gland-pilose, 2—3 lin. long; flowers

umbellate ; umbels 4—10-flowered, often clustered ; pedicels 2-3 lin.

long ; bracts remote ; sepals lanceolate-oblong, pubescent and gland-

ciliate with long hairs, about 1 lin. long, pedicels, bracts and sepals

all glandular-pilose ; corolla oblong or cyathiform-campanulate, mouth

not contracted, pubescent, yellowish, about 12 lin. long; segments

spreading, more than 4 as long as the tube ; anthers subexserted, oblong,

narrowed to the base, minutely aristulate or sometimes muticous (‘) ;

awns not reaching beyond the base of the cell, or sometimes with a

minute tooth on either side of the filament near its apex; style

exserted ; stigma clavate-eapitate; ovary lanate. Benth. in DOC.

Prodr. vii. 670. EE. barbata, var. minor, Andr. Heathery, t. 5, and

Col. Heaths, t. 78. E. barbata, Drege in Linnea, xx.187. EE. pura,

Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 72% E. procumbens, Lodd. lc, t. 19932 LE.

ephemera, Tuusch, in Flora, 1839, 635,

Erica.| ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 135

Coast Reeton: Caledon Div.; near the Zondereinde River, Zeyher,

ae Schlechter, 5642! mountains near Genadendal, 1500 ft., Drége, Galpin,

3663

E. pura, Lodd., and E. procumbens, Lodd., were described and figured from

garden specimens, and may have been hybrids, No wild specimens have been

seen. They are clearly closely related here; and the garden specimens pre-

served show this even more fully than the plates.

164. E. barbata (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 671); characters of

E. perlata, but anthers crested, crests curved and about 3 the length

of the cell; whole plant somewhat more robust, and larger in all its

parts ; indumentum longer, coarser and more copious ; stamens more

included, though sometimes visible ; the lower bract sometimes want-

ing. EE. barbata, var. major, Andr. Heathery, t. 4, and Ool. Heaths,

77; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 124. H. pannosa, Salish. in Trans. Linn.

Soc. vi. 339.

Sourn AFRICA: without locality, Masson! Niven! Bowie. Also cultivated

specimens !

Coast Region: Caledon Div.; mountains near Genadendal, Burchell, 7775 !

Bolus, 5483! Schlechter, 77521 near Zoetemelks Vlei, Grisbrook in Herb.

Guthrie, 3282 ! 3283!

The only absolute character distinguishing this from the preceding is the

anther-crests, which can hardly be regarded as of specific value. The plants

have, however, a somewhat different aspect, and we follow Bentham, though with

doubt, in keeping them separate.

165. E. fausta (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 326) ; branchlets

rather straight, finely pubeseent intermixed with long coarser white

hairs, the pubescence said by Bentham to be subviscid; leaves

3-nate, spreading, ovate-elliptical to narrow-lanceolate, acute, open-

backed, puberulous, setose-ciliate with long hairs, 2-3 lin. long ;

flowers 3-nate; pedieels 1} lin. long; bracts approximate, small and

slender; sepals subulate, acute, densely setose-hispid, coloured on

the lower part, foliaceous above, 12 lin. long; corolla urceolate-

campanulate, puberulous, mouth wide, scarcely contracted at the

throat, about 2 lin. long; segments somewhat spreading, about } as

long as the tube ; anthers included, longer than the corolla-tube and

manifest, dorsifixed well above the base, oblong, obtuse, about § lin.

long, cristate; crests sublanceolate, acuminate, distantly toothed on

the outer margin, incurved about % the length of the cell; style

subexserted; stigma capitellate ; ovary densely hispid.

Sourn Arnica: without locality, Masson ! Niven! Roxburgh! Herb.

Salisb ! :

Coser Rwatow: Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, Mulder (ex Salis-

bury). !

Said by Bentham to resemble in habit

more branched. It is aka allied to

the single exception of E. Lerouvie,

satisfactorily whether or not they should

be maintained as distinct.

E. marifolia, but to be more rigid and

the three next ; but our material, with

is too scanty to enable us to decide

all be regarded as varieties of this, or

136 ERICACEA (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hriea.

166. E. setosa (Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 646); a somewhat strag-

gling small shrub; branches pubescent and setose with long white

hairs; leaves 3-nate, spreading, broad-lanceolate or elliptic-oblong,

acute, very open-backed, the margin only recurved, puberulous,

paler beneath, margin ciliate with distant rather long white hairs,

and apex similarly tipped, about 2 lin. long, less than 1 lin. wide ;

flowers 4-nate or umbellate; pedicels over 1 lin. long; bracts

approximate or one subremote, linear, ciliate ; sepals subulate, acute,

adpressed, flat, not keeled, ciliate with long coarse hairs, 1 lin. long;

corolla urceolate-campanulate, mouth wide, scarcely contracted at

the throat, puberulous, 18 lin. long; segments wide, rounded and

frequently reflexed, 3 as long as the tube ; filaments slightly eurved ;

anthers included, manifest, oblong, widened and rounded at the

apex, over 3 lin. long, crested ; pore wide, over 3 the length of the

cell; crests lanceolate, acuminate, toothed on the outer margin, not

spreading, about 2 the length of the cell; style exserted; stigma

capitellate ; ovary pubescent. Benth. in DC. Prod. vii. 671.

Coast Rxeion: Stellenbosch Div. ; near Somerset West, Ecklon § Zeyher,

167! in Herb, Berlin ; Hottentots Holland, Ecklon (ex Bartling).

Closely allied to the preceding, differing chiefly by its more slender habit,

umbellate or 4-nate flowers, much smaller sepals, and less hairy ovary. The

habit is that of § Ceramia; the corolla somewhat that of § Eurystoma. Eckjou

& Zeyher’s specimens are mixed (at least as to one sheet, which seems to be E.

barbata), but we take that numbered 167 to be the type.

167. E. straminea (Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 27, 19); erect, 1-2 ft.

high; branches brown, silky; leaves 3-nate, spreading, ovate or

elliptical, flat, the margin only revolute, silky, ciliate, dark green

above, pale green below, 2-3 lin. long; flowers 3-4-nate ; pedicels

2;—8 lin. long ; bracts subremote (about median), like the sepals but

narrower and smaller; sepals ovoid, almost exactly like the leaves,

but smaller, about 2 lin. long; corolla between globose-ureeolate and

urceolate, throat moderately contracted, pubescent with rather long

fine silky hairs, straw-coloured, about 2 lin. long; segments

slightly spreading, rounded, less than + the length of the tube;

anthers included, dorsifixed at or near the base, oblong-cuneate, cells

deeply parted, scaberulous, about 3 lin. long, subcristate; crests

narrow, ciliate, about 3 the length of the cell ; ovary silky.

SourH AFrica: without locality, ex Wendland.

Not having seen any specimen, we have drawn up the description from the

excellent one of Wendland, modified or supplemented by his good figure.

The species has been entirely overlooked by all other writers so far as we

know.

168. E. Lerouxie (Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxiy. 182) ; erect,

stout, branched, 2-3 ft. high; branches puberulous and sparsely

pilose; leaves 3-nate, spreading, linear-lanceolate, acute, open-

backed, puberulous above, velvety or nearly glabrous, and often paler,

beneath, long ciliate or naked, 3-4 lin. long ; flowers 3-nate, sub-

Erica.] ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 137

calycine ; pedicels pubescent, 2 lin. long; braets subapproximate ;

sepals lanceolate, acute, pubescent, coloured, 2 lin. long; eorolla

broadish-ovoid-suburceolate, mouth moderately contracted, pubescent,

white, about 21 lin. long; segments suberect, obtuse, about $ the

length of the tube; filaments broad-sigmoid below the anther,

sparsely pilose and ciliate ; anthers included, oblong, not tapering to

the base ; cells bipartite, dark-coloured, 3 lin. long ; crests spreading,

ovate in outline, acute, deeply incised, about + the length of the cell;

style exserted; stigma bluntly conical, rather large; ovary silky-

pubescent.

Coast Rr@ion: Paarl Div.; mountains near Beukenhout Kloof, French

Hoek, 1000-1200 ft., Miss FE. Le Roux in Herb, Huguenot Seminary, 303! Bolus,

6986! and in Herb. Norm. Aust,-Afr., 605 !

The species differs from the three preceding by its more robust habit, larger,

coloured, and finely pubescent sepals, ciliate filaments, and somewhat larger

anthers which do not at all taper towards the filament. The large size of the

sepals, although they are coloured like the corolla, give the flower a somewhat

more calycine aspect than is usual in the section.

169. E. caffra (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 353, not of Salisb. nor of

others) ; erect, 4-12 ft. high, greyish in all parts; branches virgate

or spreading, pubescent ; leaves 3-nate, subereet to squarrose, usually

spreading, linear to linear-lanceolate, acute, open-backed, greyish-

pubescent, occasionally subglabrous, commonly 4—6 (sometimes 7) lin.

long ; flowers 3-nate or umbellate; pedicels tomentose, about 2 lin.

long; braets remote, minute, adpressed ; sepals lanceolate, acumi-

nate, margin reflexed at the apex, pubescent, 1-2} lin. long ;

corolla long-persistent, ovoid-tubular-urceolate, throat contracted,

laxly villous, or rarely finely pubescent, most usually white or

yellowish-white, 23-3 lin. long; segments very small, spreading ;

filaments broader at the base, tapering upwards; anthers included,

oblong, somewhat wider at the base, pallid, under > lin. long,

aristate; awns subulate, about 3} as long as the cell ; style just

exserted ; ovary shortly villous or strigose. 4. urceolaris, Berg.

Deser. Pl. Cap..107; Bauer, Exot. Pl. t. 16; Salish. Prodr. 292 :

Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 9, 11; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1894; Benth. in

DC. Prodr. vii. 671. E. pentaphylla, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2,506, £.

lamellaris, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 327.

Var. 8, auricularis (Bolus) ; leaves shorter ; corolla smaller, more glabrous ;

awns of Ate anther Hiee E. auricularis, Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 327.

E. urceolaris, var. auricularis, Benth. in DO. Prodr. vii. 671.

Coast REGION, on mountains, usually near streams, 1000-6000 ft. : Clan-

william Div., Leipoldt, 215! Tulbagh Div. ; near streams below Winterhoek,

Thunberg ; Mitchells Pass, Bolus, 2614! Paarl Div. ; Paarl Mountain, Drége,

7727a! Cape Div.; Table Mountain, Marloth in Herb. Norm, Aust.-Afr.,

401! Caledon Div. ; Genadendal, Drége! Swellendam Div. ; near Puspas River,

Thunberg. George Div. ; between Malgat River and Great Brak River, Burchell,

6140! Aibany Div.; near Grahamstown, Burchell, 3560! 3605! Zeyher, 3204!

MacOwan, 802, 1230! Stutterheim Div.; near Klaklazele River, Cooper, 72!

Queenstown Div. ; Andries Berg, near Bailey, Galpin, 2165! oo.

CENTRAL REGION: Molteno Div. ; Broughton, Flanagan, 1611! Aliwal North

138 gricace® (Guthrie & Bolus). [ rica.

Div.; Kraai River, Drége. Var. 8: Willowmore Div. ; Aasvogel Berg, Drége,

7727a!

Eastern Reoion: Tembuland; near Gat Berg, Baur, 240! Pondoland ;

Egossa Forest, Sim, 2517! Natal; Umbilo Falls, Wood, 1723! 1961! Fieids

Hill, Rehmann, 8018!

Var. B scarcely seems worthy of note. The species is widely distributed, and

. one of the very few which straggle into the Central Region. It is noticeable by

its persistent flowers.

170. E. pubescens (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 506, not of others) ;

erect, 1-11 ft. high ; branches clothed with a close greyish tomentum,

and long scattered hairs ; leaves 3-nate, upper suberect, lower spread-

ing, linear, blunt, sulcate, or sometimes lanceolate and open-backed,

pubescent, pale green, about 1 lin. long ; flowers 3-nate to sub-

umbellate ; pedicels pubescent, 8 lin. long ; bracts subapproximate or

remote, foliaceous, less than 1 lin. long; sepals lanceolate, subobtuse,

margins recurved, foliaceous, densely velvety-puberulous, ciliate or

naked, 1-12 lin. long, reaching from 3 to nearly } the height of the

corolla; corolla narrow- or broadish-oveid-urceolate, not, or slightly,

contracted at the throat, velvety-pubescent, white or pale rosy, mostly

21 or rarely 2 lin. long; segments erect, obtuse, 1—} the length of

the tube ; filaments broadest at the base, bent at the apex; anthers

included, oblong, obtuse, somewhat tapering to the base, the cells

subdistant, about 3% lin. long, subcristate; pore about + the length

of the cell; appendages oblong and denticulate below, subulate-

acuminate towards the apex, about 4 as long as the cells, or subulate-

aristate throughout, eiliolate, and only + the length of the cells ; style

stout, just exserted; stigma capitate; ovary villous. HE. pubescens,

var. pilosa, Thunb. Diss. Erica, 39. E. incana, Wendl. Eric. Ic.

fase. 18, 89, t. 834 (good /). FE. pallida, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soe.

vi. 326; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 673. EH. purialis, Hort. ex

Sinclair, Hort. Erie. Wob. 20; Benth. l.c.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Sieber, 174! Herb. Salisbury!

Coast Reeron, from 800-2800 ft.: Clanwilliam Div. ; Middle Berg, Ceder-

berg Range, Leipoldt, 742! Cape Div.; mountains around Cape Town, Thun-

berg, Niven, 20! 127! Bolus, 2959! and in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 32!

Guthrie, 13878! Wolley Dod, 2336! Ecklon, 290!

Allied to E. tomentosa, but easily distinguished by the size and relative pro-

portions of the sepals and corolla, Also near to HE. Lerouwia, differing, however,

in several characters. Leipoldt’s specimens agree in al! substantial characters,

but the flowers are a little smaller than the others, either from their not being

fully developed, or from their station in a drier climate. They were distributed

as E. hirta, Thunb., which may possibly prove to be a form of the present

species.

171. E. hirta (Thunb. Diss. Erica, 36, t. 2); branches viscous-

pubescent and setose ; leaves 3-nate, spreading, from linear (margins

revolute and approximate) to lanceolate and open-backed, acute, sub-

_viseous-puberulous, the younger setose, 2-3 lin. long; flowers

terminal, 3-nate; pedicels puberulous, 2} lin. long (in Salisbury’s

specimen, probably from Roxburgh), to 5-7 lin. (in Thunberg’s

figure); bracts remote, small; sepals somewhat lax and spreading,

Erica. | ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 139

foliaceous, linear or narrow-lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent and

setulose, 11—2 lin. long; corolla broad-urceolate, not much contracted

at the throat, pubescent, 21-3 lin. long; segments spreading, about

1 the length of the tube ; filaments narrow-linear; anthers included,

lateral, oblong, tapering slightly to the apex, subobtuse (but in front

view acuminate), smooth and submembranous, about } lin. long,

aristate ; pore 3 the length of the cell; awns ciliolate about % the

length of the cell; style included ; stigma capitellate ; ovary hispid.

Benth. in DO. Prodr. vii.672. E. urceolaris, Salish. in Trans. Linn.

Soc. vi. 326, not of Berg. EH. dura, Soland. ex Salisb. in Trans.

Linn, Soc. vi. 326.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg! Niven! Roxburgh!

We have seen Thunberg’s type, and the specimens of Niven and Roxburgh

agree in floral characters. We suspect that the two neighbouring and more

recent species (EZ. globosa and E. aggregata) are nothing more than forms of

this. But all, with the exception of E.globosa, are poorly represented in the

herbaria to which we have had access, and we are compelled therefore to follow

the older authors.

172. E. aggregata (Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 13, 11); erect, 2 ft.

high ; pubescence soft and short, not rough or glandular ; branches

spreading-erect, pubescent ; leaves 3-nate (or “* 3-4-nate,” Wendland)

like those of E. urceolaris, but greener and about 3 lin. long ; flowers

umbellate, or the terminal umbellate, the lower axillary, more or less

densely clustered or crowded at the ends of the branches ;_ pedicels

2 lin. long; bracts rernote, foliaceous, at the base of the pedicel ;

sepals lanceolate, acute, foliaceous, pubescent and ciliate, less than

$ lin. long; corolla urceolate, puberulous, rosy red, 15-2 lin. long ;

segments spreading, very small; filaments narrow, widened at the —

apex; anthers included, dorsifixed, oblong, narrowed to the apex,

dark-coloured, about 2 lin. long, minutely aristulate ; style exserted ;

stigma capitate ; ovary hirsute. Lodd. Bot. Cub. t. 1678; Benth. in

DC. Prodr. vii. 671.

Sour Arica: according to Wendland and Loddiges ; but only known from

garden specimens and the figures above cited.

Bentham compares this with E. urceolaris (E. caffra, Linn. ), and suggests

that it may be a garden hybrid. This may be; but it seems distinct from the

last named by its corolla, which is smaller and much broader in proportion

to its length. It appears to be much more closely allied to E. hirta and E.

globosa.

173. E. globosa (Andr. Heathery, t. 116); erect, strong-growing,

1-12 ft. high; branches rather long, glandular-setose, or closely

pubescent ; leaves 3-nate, mostly squarrose or spreading, longer than

the internodes, oblong or lanceolate and open-backed with reflexed

margins, puberulous or glabrous, 3-5} lin. long ; flowers terminal, and

axillary towards the ends of the branches ; pedicels slender, puberu-

lous or glandular-pubescent, 23-4 lin. long ; bracts subapproximate

to remote, rather long or short, slender ; sepals narrow-lanceolate,

pubescent, viseid, gland-ciliate, foliaceous, §~1} lin. long ; corolla

140 ERIcACEm (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica,

globose-urceolate or ovoid-urceolate ; mouth more or less contracted,

viscid, puberulous, or nearly glabrous, 2-3 lin. long; segments

erect, rounded, about + the length of the tube; anthers subexserted,

rarely exserted, lateral, dorsifixed near the base, linear, obtuse or

subacute, nearly straight, nearly 1 lin. long, 4-5 times longer than

their width in the middle, aristate ; pore +—} the length of the cell ;

awns rather rough, about 1 the length of the cell; style exserted,

slender ; stigma capitellate; ovary varying from villous to glabrous.

Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 170; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 672. E.

perlata, Lee ex Benth. l.e. 672, not of Forbes.

Var. 8, subterminalis (Bolus); leaves linear, sulcate, glabrous, margins

revolute; bracts remote, nearly basal; sepals rather thick, 4—? lin. long;

anther-pore + the length of the cell; ovary glabrous. E. subterminalis, Klotzsch

ex Benth, l.c. 670.

Soutnu Arrica? Var. B, in Herb. Berlin.

Coast Region: Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland Mountains, Niven,

157! MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm., 31! Lowrys Pass, Schlechter, 7800 !

Bolus, 6494! Knysna Div.? without precise locality, Buchanan /

A somewhat variable species, especially as to the size of the leaves and flowers.

It has a strong resemblance to E. hirta, but seems to have a more spreading

habit, broader leaves, and a usually larger and more globose corolla; also to

E. aggregata, but has larger flowers and differently shaped anthers. The corolla

in Andrews’ figure is more globose and the mouth more contracted than any

shown in our specimens, which is probably (partially at least) a result of com-

pression in drying.

174. E. marifolia (Soland. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, ii. 15) ;

of straggling diffuse habit, under 1 ft. high ; branches spreading and

divaricate, puberulous and sparsely setose ; leaves 3-nate, spreading,

ovate or oblong, subacute, open-backed, pubescent above, paler and

velvety or shortly hoary-tomentose beneath, 21—3 lin. long; pedicels

21-3 lin. long; bracts subremote, slender, spathulate-linear ; sepals

linear, or subspathulate-linear, apex slightly widened by a foliaceous

tip, pubescent, 14 lin. long; corolla from narrow-ovoid-urceolate to

urceolate, mouth contracted, pubescent, white, about 3 lin. long;

segments erect, ciliolate, small; filaments tapering upwards; anthers

included, narrow-oblong, pale brown, over 2 lin. long, aristate; awns

subulate about 1 the length of the cell; ovary hispid. Andr.

Heathery, t. 127, and Col. Heaths, t. 34; Bauer, Ezot. Pl. t. 14;

Wendl. Erie. Ic. fase. 11,9; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 671. E.

helianthemifolia, Salish. in Trans. Linn, Soc. vi. 328.

Soutm Arrica: without locality, Herb. Salisbury! Niven, 16 (9)! and

cultivated specimens !

Coast Reeton: Cape Div.; at about 1400 ft.; rocky places and near the

Waterfall on the Devils Peak, Niven, 38! Mund, 169! Bolus, 2960! Guthrie,

1491! Wolley Dod, 785! rocks above Tokay Plantation, Wolley Dod, 450!

This species appears to be confined to the Cape Peninsula. E. marifolia

var. longifolia, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 26, 4, is almost certainly ZF. triflora, L.

175. E. argyrea (Guthrie & Bolus); habit straggling and diffuse,

with a general silvery aspect, a few inches high; branches pubescent,

a few inches long ; leaves 3-nate, spreading, crowded, narrow-ovate to

Friea.| ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). bigs

oblong, subobtuse, open-backed, copiously but shortly pilose, paler

beneath, 14-21 lin. long; flowers sub-3-nate; pedicels puberulous,

11-2 lin. long; bracts very remote, sometimes basal, very small ;

sepals lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, glandular-pubescent and ciliate,

viscidulous, about 2 lin. long; corolla cyathiform to suburceolate-

cyathiform, mouth not (or very slightly) contracted, puberulous,

white to pale rosy, 2-21 by 1} lin.; segments erect, rounded, small ;

filaments tapering upwards; anthers included, semiovate or sub-

cuneate, dark-coloured, } lin. long, narrow crested ; crests cuspidate

and only slightly denticulate on the margin; style well exserted,

curved above ; ovary villous.

Coast Recion: Stellenbosch Div.; mountain slopes near Jonkers Hoek,

about 1000 ft., Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4767!

Allied to E. marifolia and resembling it in miniature; but differing in the

sepals, corolla, and the anthers, the latter being both shorter and broader; also

to E. hirta, to the flowers of which (especially the short-sepaled form) it

is very near; but the habit, pubescence and anthers are different. The

pubescence appears to be more silvery than in either of the two species above

named,

Section XIV. CERAMIA. (Sp. 176-207.)

176. E. cymosa (E. Meyer ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 670) ;

diffuse, weak and straggling, a few inches high ; branches slender, as

thick as a stout hog’s bristle, glabrous or thinly hairy ; leaves 3-nate,

distant, spreading, elliptical, obovate or suborbicular, very obtuse,

mucronulate, gland-ciliate, membranous, veined, 1-3 lin. long;

flowers both terminal and axillary; pedicels capillary, 5 lin. long ;

bracts remote, minute, inframedian ; sepals broad-ovate, cuspidate,

foliaceous, } lin. long ; corolla oblate-spheroidal or globular-cyathi-

form, subglabrous, the mouth contracted, 1 lin. long, 13 lin. wide;

segments broad, rounded, incurved ; filaments tapering upwards from

the base; anthers included, dorsifixed a little above the base, sub-

obovate, very obtuse, about } lin. long, aristate; pore about 2 the

length of the cell; awns somewhat thick and rough-edged, about 2

the length of the eell ; style included, short, stout ; stigma capitate ;

ovary globose, glabrous.

Coast Reaion: Worcester Div.; Dutoits Kloof, 2000-3000 ft., Drége,

1185 !

A well-defined species, allied to E. owycoccifolia. Bentham remarks that he

found no cymose inflorescence, nor have we. ;

177. E. oreophila (Guthrie & Bolus) ; diffuse, about 6 in. high ;

branches from a stout short stem, filiform, spreading, flexuous,

puberulous, reddish, the older with small but prominent scars of

leaf-cushions ; leaves 3-nate, spreading or squarrose, oblong some-

what widened upwards, or lanceolate, acute, the older open-backed

with reflexed margin, the younger smaller, thicker, and only sulcate,

gland-ciliate, 2-3 lin. long; flowers 3-nate, terminal (? sometimes

lateral), subcorolline ; pedicels slender, viscid, 2} lin. long; bracts

142 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

remote, small, 2 inframedian, 1 subbasal ; sepals ovate, subeordate,

acute, glabrous, viscid, nerved, subscarious, about 1 lin. long, equal

to the corolla-tube ; corolla oblate-urceolate or suburceolate-cyathi-

form, mouth somewhat contraeted (in the dried state appearing

scarcely so), glabrous, viseid, pale rose below, darker tinted above,

12 Jin. long, 2 lin. broad; segments more than 3 as long as the tube,

deltoid, subacute ; filaments tapering upwards, bent below the anther ;

anthers included, lateral, short-cuneate, dorsifixed at or near the

base, about 1 lin. long, aristate; awns subulate, rough-edged, as

long as the cell; style included; stigma capitellate or subsimple;

ovary turbinate, very pallid, hispidulous.

Coast Recion: Paarl Div.; mountains about French Hoek, 2400 ft.

Schlechter, 9261!

178. E. planifolia (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 508); diffuse, much

branched, 6-12 in. high ; branches pubescent ; leaves 3-nate, spread-

ing, ovate to lanceolate, acute, open-backed, margins revolute, midrib

thickened upwards into a smooth prominent callosity, puberulous,

ciliate, 13-2 lin. long; flowers axillary, solitary or usually so;

pedicels slender, hispidulous, 2-21 lin. long; braets 2, remote,

foliaceous, -shortly petiolate; sepals lanceolate, acute, foliaceous,

gland-ciliate, margins revolute, about 1 lin. long; corolla cyathiform,

mouth neither contracted nor widened, hispidulous, viscid, 12 lin.

long ; limb suberect, less than 4 as long as the tube; filaments from

a short dilated base tapering upwards; anthers included, lateral,

dorsifixed close to the base, oblong, 2 lin. long, aristate; awns seti-

form, about } as long as the cell; style included ; stigma capitate ;

ovary hispidulous. Berg. Deser. Pl. Cap. 100; Benth. in DO.

Prodr. vii. 669. E. thymifolia, vars. a and B, Salish. in Trans.

Linn. Soc. vi. 325, ace. to Bentham. EE. thymifolia, Andr. Heathery,

t. 195, and Col. Heaths, t. 136, not of Wendl. EE. distans, Spreng.

jil., Fl. Tent. Suppl. Syst. 13, not of Benth.

Var. 8, calycina (Bolus); sepals about as long as the corolla, 14 lin. or more

long; corolla puberulous, about 1 lin. long, 14 lin. wide; filaments equal ;

son of the anther about as long as the cell, minutely notched ; ovary white

irsute.

a Arrica: without locality, Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated specis

mens

Coast Reaton, at 2000-3000 ft.: Worcester Div.; Dutoits Kloof, Drége!

Bolus, 5178! Paarl Div.; French Hoek, Schlechter, 9239 | Cape Div, ; on

mountains around Cape Town, Thunberg, Roxburgh! Niven! Burchell, 602!

8435! Bolus, 3334! Schlechter, 223! Guthrie, 557! Stellenbosch Div. ; Hotten-

tots Holland, Zeyher, 334 (ex Sprengel). Var. B: Caledon Div. ; moun-

tains near the Zondereinde River, Zeyher, 3215! (in Cape Govt. and Berlin

Herbaria).

Most nearly allied to E. cryptanthera, and E. thymifolia. It is more robust

than the former and distinguished from the latter by its shorter corollas and

- included anthers.

_ 179. E. heterophylla (Guthrie & Bolus) ; diffuse, 6 in. or more

high ; branches flexuous, straggling; hirsute, laxly leafy ; leaves

Erica. | ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 143

3-nate, spreading or squarrose, as long as or often shorter than the

internodes, from lanceolate and acute to broadly elliptical and obtuse,

or suborbicular, thinly hispid and hispid-ciliate, or nearly glabrous,

1-2 lin. long; flowers 3-nate ; pedicels slender, 14 lin. long ; bracts

remote or subapproximate, setaceous to spathulate, glandular, hairy ;

sepals linear to oblanceolate, acute or acuminate, long gland-ciliate,

2-1 lin. long; corolla urceolate-campanulate to subeyathiform, mouth

scarcely contracted or widened, puberulous, 14-1} lin. long; limb

12 the length of the tube; segments spreading or recurved ; fila-

ments equal; anthers subexserted, nearly as long as, or slightly

exceeding the corolla-limb, lateral, dorsifixed near the base, oblong,

incurved, about 2 lin. long, cristate-aristate ; pore $ the length of

the cell; awns sublinear, curved outwards, and deeply toothed on

the outer side only, about } the cell in length; style exserted ;

stigma capitellate ; ovary hirsute.

Coast Rector: Swellendam Div. ; mountains near Puspas Vlei Grootvaders-

bosch, &c., Zeyher, 165! in Cape Govt. Herb.

180. E. cryptanthera (Guthrie & Bolus) ; somewhat diffuse, drying

a pale yellowish hue, 4-6 in. high; branches very slender, sparsely

pubescent, the ultimate subcapillary; leaves 3-nate, spreading,

shorter than the internodes, lanceolate, acute, open-backed, strongly

revolute-edged, ciliate and awned at the apex, $14 lin. long ; flowers

axillary, solitary or binate ; pedicels slender, bent, 13~2 lin. long ;

bracts 2, remote, basal, foliaceous, small ; sepals lanceolate or oblong,

acute, 1—§ lin. long; corolla broad-cyathiform, not widened at the

mouth, puberulous, ochraceous yellow, about 1; lin. long; segments

semiorbicular, erect, about 4 as long as the tube ; filaments slender,

equal; anthers ineluded, oblong, dorsifixed a little above the base,

under + lin. long, aristate ; awns slender, upeurved, less than $ the

length of cell; style included ; stigma subsimple upon the slightly

dilated and truncate apex of the style; ovary hispidulous.

Coast Rearon: Paarl Div.; mountains about French Hoek, 1800 ft.,

Schlechter, 9357! Caledon Div. ; mountains by the Zondereinde River, near

Zoetemelks Vlei, Grisbrook in Herb. Guthrie, 2297 !

‘ : A t

In general appearance, and in the flowers, resembling E. myriocodon, bu

distinct by its constantly 3-nate and broader leaves, and its larger oblong anthers.

Also very near to E. planifolia.

181. E. tenuipes (Guthrie & Bolus) ; laxly straggling, suberect,

or perhaps twining; stouter branches up to 2 lin. in diam., glandular-

pubeseent, subviscid, very pallid ; leaves 3-nate, spreading, shorter

than the internodes, oblong or more rarely lancevlate, obtuse, thin

or submembranous, thinly puberulous on both sides, gland-ciliate,

margin only slightly recurved, midrib prominent but not large,

2-3 lin. long, up to about 1 lin. wide; flowers terminal, 3-nate! or

umbellate? (most flowers dropped from the specimens) ; pedicels

very slender, pubescent, viscidulous, persistent and elongating, 6-9

lin. long; bracts remote, adpressed, minute; sepals lanceolate,

144 ERIcACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

scarious, coloured, viscid, $—1 lin. long; corolla cyathiform or short-

and wide-suburceolate, mouth neither contracted nor widened, dia-

phanous, viscid, glabrous, lilac, about 1} lin. long; segments recurved,

subdeltoid, obtuse, about + the length of the tube ; filaments slender,

equal, pallid; anthers included or just manifest, dorsifixed just

above the base, oblong or dorsally curved and semiovate, 2 lin, long,

muticous; pore + as long as the cell; style exserted, compressed ;

stigma capitellate; ovary pubescent, chiefly at the apex.

Coast Recion: Paarl Div.; mountains about French Hoek, 2500 ft.,

Schlechter, 10601 !

Recognizable by its pallid branches, oblong leaves, long pedicels and muticous

anthers.

182. E. physophylla (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 682); procum-

bent or prostrate, probably growing on rocks; branches sometimes

ceespitose and intricately matted, sometimes more straggling, shortly

gland-hispid, reddish ; leaves 3-nate, spreading, crowded, ovate,

appearing inflated or bladder-like on account of the recurved margin,

glabrous, ciliate with many long spreading white hairs longer than

the leaf itself, 14-2 lin. long; flowers terminal, 3-nate ; pedicels

about 1 lin. long; bracts approximate, one spathulate, about 1 lin.

long, 2 smaller; sepals lanceolate, subscarious, viscid, sulcate-keeled,

shortly gland-ciliate, coloured, about 1 lin. long; corolla broad-

eyathiform, mouth widened, glabrous, scarcely 14 lin. long; limb

erect, a little shorter than the tube; anthers included, lateral, dorsi-

fixed close to the base, cuneate-ovate, pale brown, diaphanous,

2 lin. long, aristate ; pore + the length of the cell; awns slender,

upeurved, about } the length of the cell; style included, short;

stigma simple; ovary glabrous.

Coast Reaion: Caledon Div. ; tops of the mountains of Baviaans Kloof at

Genadendal, Burchell, 7745! Bolus, 5414! and in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 610!

Schlechter, 9827 !

The peculiar leaves, which are apparently inflated, distinguish this species from

any other.

183. E. oxycoccifolia (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 324) ;

dwarf, straggling, procumbent or decumbent in clefts of wet rocks ;

branches numerous, spreading, glandular-hispid, 8 or 10 in. long ;

leaves 3-nate, spreading, crowded, elliptical, orbicular or subovate,

very obtuse, thin, flat, with reflexed margins, ciliate, otherwise

nearly glabrous, 1-1} lin. long ; flowers usually axillary ; pedicels

slender, hispid, 2-3} lin. long ; bracts remote, minute; sepals ovate,

ciliate, pubescent, }—$ lin. long; corolla obconic-cyathiform, mouth

widened, puberulous, 1} lin. long; segments erect, broad, rounded,

more than } the length of the tube; anthers included, lateral,

dorsifixed close to the base, very nearly semiorbicular, about + lin.

long, muticous (or minutely aristate, Bentham); style included ;

stigma capitellate ; ovary glabrous.

Erica. | ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 145

Coast ReGion: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, 3000 ft., Ecklon 5° Zeyher ;

Niven, 119! Milne, 207! Bolus, 4541! Wolley Dod, 2120!

Closely allied to E. physophylla, of which it may be regarded as a Table

Mountain representative. This is one of those species which has only been

found on one mountain, and which it may be feared will probably soon, like

E. sexfaria and some others, become extinct. It is of very slow growth, bears

but few flowers, and is often subjected to fires.

184, E. tenuicaulis (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 669) ;

diffuse, almost entirely glabrous; branches few, straggling, slender,

2-3 in. long; leaves 3-nate, spreading or deflexed, usually longer

than the internodes, broadly linear, subacute, slightly curved, flat

above, sulcate below, somewhat rigid and coriaceous, 3—4 lin. long ;

flowers axillary, racemoso-umbellate, often reduced to 1 or 2 in each

axil; pedicels slender, 2-3 lin. long; bracts remote, minute;

sepals lanceolate, keeled, ciliolate, coloured, rigid, about % lin.

long; corolla obconic-campanuloid, mouth widened, glabrous or

minutely puberulous, 1 lin. long; segments erect, rounded, from

about 2 the length of the tube to a little longer than it; filaments

scarcely exceeding the anther; anthers included, lateral, dorsifixed

near the base, narrow-ovate, about 1 lin. long, muticous; pore about

2 the length of the cell; style included; stigma capitate ; ovary

sparsely hispid, glabrescent (or villous, Bentham).

Coast Ree@ton: Caledon Div.; Baviaans Kloof, near Genadendal, Niven,

244! near the Zondereinde River and Eksteens, Zeyher! in Herb. Berlin.

Riversdale Div. ; clefts of rocks on the Lange Bergen near Riversdale, 2000 ft.,

Schlechter, 1844!

This species has more external resemblance to those of the

this section; but the floral structure is different. The leaves are pec

unlike those of § Ceramia generally.

185. E. myriocodon (Guthrie & Bolus) ; diffuse, 6-10 in. high,

densely and intricately branched, with numerous flowers ; branches

slender, puberulous, dark red ; leaves usually 4- oceasionally Pure

spreading, incurved or recurved, linear, blunt, sulcate, hispid, 1-11

lin. long; flowers terminal, 4-nate to solitary ; pedicels pubescent,

about 1 lin. long ; bracts remote, minute ; sepals lanceolate or linear,

coloured or greenish, under 1 lin. long ; corolla campanulate-cyathi-

form, mouth scarcely widened or contracted, hirsute with short

squarrose hairs, about 1 lin. long; segments erect or spreading,

rounded, 1-2 the length of the tube; filaments capillary; anthers

included, lateral, dorsifixed just above the base, ovate-cuneate, about

2 Jin. long, aristate ; pore about 3 the length of the wa pri

slender, rough-edged, more than 3 the length of the cell; style

included ; stigma capitellate ; ovary hirsute.

: iv.; mountains about French Hoek, 2000 ft.,

Pere geree hate ene places on the mountains near Appels

Kraal, Zeyher, 3225!

This is in many respects like FE. cryptant

§ Desmia than to

uliar and

hera; but differs by its usually

4-nate and sulcate leaves, terminal inflorescence and shorter but proportionately

broader anthers. ‘S

VOL, 1V.—SEOT. I.

146 ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

186. E. brachycentra (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 688); diffuse,

dwarf ; branches intricate, rather rigid, and, together with the leaves,

pedicels, bracts and sepals glandular-pilose ; leaves 3-nate, recurved-

squarrose, usually shorter than the internodes, oblong to ovate, acute,

subopen-backed with broad thick margins, rigid, rather thick, gland-

ciliate, glabrous on the upper, velvety on the lower surface, —% lin.

long ; flowers terminal, 3-nate ; pedicels slender, about 1 lin. long ;

bracts closely approximate, elliptical, thick ; sepals ovate, foliaceous,

less than 3 lin. long; corolla subcampanulate-cyathiform or broad sub-

ureeolate, mouth scarcely widened, glabrous, viscidulous, about 1 lin.

long; segments very short, almost truncate ; filaments slender, equal ;

anthers exserted, dorsifixed half-way between the base and the

middle, very shortly ciliolate on the front margin, 2 lin. long,

aristate ; pore about 4 the length of the cell; awns very short

scarcely reaching to the base of the eell ; style long-exserted, slender ;

stigma capitellate ; ovary glabrous.

Coast ReGion: Mossel Bay Div.; Attaquas Kloof, Masson, 56! and Niven,

84! in Herb. Kew.

This obscure species, quite distinct from any other, does not fit very well into

any of the sections. Bentham placed it, with doubt, in § Polycodon, and it

might almost equally well go into § Pyronium. Its spreading open-backed

leaves, its straggling habit, and general viscidity, induce us to place it

here.

187. E. leptoclada (Van Heurck & Muell. Arg., Obs. Bot. et

Deser. Pl. Nov. 34) ; diffuse, proecumbent, 3-10 in. high; branehes

glandular-hispid, slender ; leaves 3-nate (rarely some 4-nate on the

same branch), spreading, linear, linear-lanceolate or broad-lanceolate,

acute, sulcate, hispid and ciliate with glandular hairs, 11 lin. long,

margins revolute; flowers 3-nate, axillary towards the ends of the

branches ; pedicels very slender, about as long as the leaves ; bracts

remote, basal, foliaceous, hispid ; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, folia-

ceous, hispid, gland-ciliate, distinctly cohering at the base, sometimes

with obtuse sinuses, about 8 lin. long; corolla broadly funnel-

shaped, expanded from a point below the middle, minutely puberu-

lous, 13-2 lin. long; segments erect or spreading, broad and rounded,

from 4 to } the length of the rest of the corolla; anthers included,

dorsifixed Just above the base, semiovate, dark-coloured, 1 lin. long,

muticous; pore about 4 the length of the cell; style slender,

exserted, often bent below the stigma; stigma capitellate; ovary

glabrous. —

Var. 8, aristata (Bolus) ; leaves broader than in the type, commonly open-

backed ; sepals linear or subulate, aristate; corolla-limb mostly spreading or

reflexed ; anthers aristulate; awns 4 the length of the cell or less.

Coast Recton: Piquetberg Div. ; on the Oliphants River ( Kardouw) Moun-

tains, Zeyher, 1108! Var. 8: Paarl Div.; mountains about French Hoek,

2700 ft., Bolus, 9996! Guthrie, 4701! Caledon Div.; mountains near Gena-

dendal, 2000 ft., Pappe! Galpin, 3655 !

This species, like the next, is well-marked by its very distinctly funnel-shaped

corolla, with a rather large limb, It appears to be rare and our material is

Erica.] ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 147

somewhat scanty; but we have availed ourselves of the full and careful descrip-

tion of the authors. Galpin’s specimens are small plants of one year’s growth

and look more luxuriant than the others, but they differ little in floral

oer They exhibit a few whorls of 4-nate leaves above those which are

-nate. :

188. E. trichoclada (Guthrie & Bolus) ; diffuse, dwarf, the whole

plant viscidulous ; branches decumbent, divaricate, roughly hispid,

rusty-brown ; branchlets set at nearly a right angle from the stem ;

leaves 3-nate, spreading or squarrose, elliptical or lanceolate, acute,

sparingly hispid above or glabrescent, glabrous below, margins

recurved, open-backed, ciliate with gland-tipped hairs, 1-14 lin.

long ; flowers axillary, 1-2-3 in the whorls of the uppermost leaves ;

pedicels slender, hispid, 2 lin. long; bracts approximate, foliaceous ;

sepals lanceolate, acute, foliaceous, ciliate with long gland-tipped

hairs, 2 lin. long; corolla funnel-shaped, abruptly widening above

the middle, glabrous, dry, “pink,” 124 lin. long; segments erect,

broad-oblong, obtuse, from 3 the tube to equal to it in length ;

anthers subincluded (shorter than the whole corolla but manifest),

lateral, dorsifixed near the base, oblong, pale brown, } lin. long,

aristate; pore about 1 the length of the cell, awns rough, about

1 the length of the cell; style slender, included, a little shorter

than the stamens; stigma subsimple, very small; ovary subglobose,

glabrous.

Eastern Recion: Natal; in a ravine at Liddesdale, 4000 ft., Wood,

3933 !

A species singularly interesting as being an outlier from the great central

home of heaths; and as curiously resembling EZ. leptoclada, from the station of

which it is separated by some 800 miles, while both appear to be rare. It is

distinguishable from that species by its broader leaves, its approximate (not

basal) bracts, and its apparently stouter and stronger habit; yet the shape of

the corolla, and the shape and size of the anthers are almost exactly the

Same,

189. E. Marlothii (Bolus in Journ. Bot. 1894, 237); diffuse,

under 1 ft. high ; branches sometimes rather stout, divaricate, rigid,

pilose ; leaves 3-nate, spreading or squarrose, close-set, ovate, open-

backed, margins reflexed, pubescent, sparsely ciliate, 1 lin. or less

long; flowers terminal, solitary ; pedicels about 1 lin. long ; bracts

remote, small ; sepals broad-ovate, thick, viscid, villous, $ lin. long ;

corolla ovoid in bud, becoming oblate-urceolate-depressed ; upper

part of the tube falling in; segments about 7 the length of the

tube, connivent with upturned apices closely surrounding the

exserted filaments and style, with 4 depressions at the base as in

E. baccans, mouth much contracted ; after the swelling of the

ovary, the eorolla assumes the ordinary urceolate shape, pubes-

cent, 2 lin. long, about the same in width ; filaments rather broad,

equal, bent inwards over the ovary, about 2 lin. long, far exserted ;

anthers terminal or subterminal, oblong, or (from the pore being

nearly the length of the cell) somewhat earshaped ; cells deeply

partite, about 2 lin. long, muticous; style far exserted, hooked

148 ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). | Erica.

and thinly pubescent near the apex; stigma capitate; ovary

pubescent.

Soutn AFRIca: without locality, Marloth, 2244!

Coast Reeion: Worcester Div. ; shady places between stones on the Matroos

Berg, 5200 ft., Marloth, 1956!

A very distinct species, its nearest ally being apparently Z. oligantha. The

peculiar corolla in which the apex falls in occurs also in some species of §§ Lam-

protis and Geissostegia, but is very rare in the genus.

190. E. oligantha (Guthrie & Bolus) ; diffuse, twining amongst

low shrubs, under 1 ft. high ; branches slender, straggling, pubescent ;

leaves usually 3-nate (occasionally 4-nate on the main stem), spread-

ing, not crowded, ovate to oblong in apparent outline according to

the degree to which the margins are reflexed or revolute, open-

backed or suleate, pubescent and ciliate with long white hairs, some

as long as the leaves, 1-14 lin. long; flowers usually terminal and

solitary, occasionally 2—3-nate, very rarely axillary ; pedicels }—1

lin. long; bracts remote, small ; sepals broad-ovate, viscid, pubes-

cent, coloured, about % lin. long, margins reflexed ; corolla oblate-

spheroidal, pubescent, viscid, the summit slightly falling inwards,

red, about $ lin. long and wide; segments in full flower horizontally

connivent, becoming more erect; filaments straight, dilating up-

wards; anthers exserted, sublateral, dorsifixed close to the base,

oblong, but curved on the dorsal edge, minutely ciliolate, over

2 lin. long, muticous ; pore 2 the length of the cell; style exserted,

slender ; stigma subsimple ; ovary pallid, pubescent.

Coast Reaion: Bredasdorp Div.; mountain slopes near Elim Mission Station,

1400 ft., Bodkin, in Herb. Bolus, 6735 !

191. E. debilis (Guthrie & Bolus); apparently a low growing

diffuse shrub, with slender, scareely puberulous branches; leaves

3-nate, spreading, broadly ovate, obtuse, glabrous above, pallid and

concave below, 1 lin. long and wide; flowers terminal, 3-nate ;

* pedicels, bracts, sepals and the white corolla minutely glandular-

puberulous ” (Bentham) ; pedicels 2 lin. long; bracts remote, small ;

sepals 2 ovate, 2 narrower oblanceolate, subacute, membranous,

coloured, 14 lin. long; corolla subconical oblate-urceolate, mouth

somewhat contracted, 1} lin. long; limb very short, slightly spread-

ing; filaments straight, equal, nearly as broad as the anther ; anthers

exserted, lateral, dorsifixed close to the base, suboblong, subacute,

about 2 lin. long, muticous; pore as long as the cell; style exserted,

generally bent; stigma capitellate; ovary coarsely villous. JZ.

lycopodioides, Lodd. ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 619, not of Horne-

mann. -E. suaveolens, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 24%

SoutH AFRICA: cultivated specimen !

In Herb. Kew are two branches marked “ 209-a Hort. Bot. Edinb, 18 June

788” and below ‘‘ Graham, 1839,’’ which are those described by Bentham.

From those and from the description, we have drawn up the above. Nothing

more seems to be known of the species, which is chiefly distinguished by the shape __

of its corolla. We are compelled to give it a new name because it is impossible ©

EBrica.] pricacea& (Guthrie & Bolus). 149

from Hornemann’s very brief description to come to the conclusion that this is

even probably the species so named by him at an earlier date (Hortus Haf-

niensis, i. (1813) 374). He describes the leaves of his plant as 4-nate, while

on Graham’s specimens they are clearly 3-nate; nor does the shape of the

corolla seem to agree.

192. E. thimifolia (Wendl. Bot. Beobacht. 48); diffuse, 1 ft.

or more high; branches numerous, straggling, puberulous and also

sparsely pilose, glabrescent, red; leaves 3-nate, spreading, not

crowded, linear-laneeolate to ovate, acute, open-backed, margins

recurved or often almost flat, midrib prominent, thickening upwards

as a smooth callosity, sparsely glandular-hairy and ciliate, 1-2 lin.

long; flowers terminal, 3-nate, sometimes also axillary ; pedicels

slender, pilose, about 2 lin. long; bracts 2, remote, basal, linear (or

sometimes a third, foliaceous?) ; sepals lanceolate, acute, foliaceous,

margins revolute, long glandular-ciliate, about 1 lin. long; corolla

urceolate-campanulate or tubular-campanulate, mouth scarcely

widened, glabrous, 12 lin. long; segments erect or slightly spread-

ing, 1! the length of the tube ; filaments much dilated at the base,

tapering upwards ; anthers exserted, dorsifixed above the base, oblong,

about % lin. long, aristate; pore } the length of the cell; awns

small, ciliolate, scarcely reaching to the base of the cell; style ex-

serted, slender; stigma capitellate; ovary pubescent. EH. thymzfolta,

Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 325, var. y only; Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 669. . planifolia, Wendl. Eric. Ie, fase. 16, 59, t. 23 ;

Andr. Heathery, t. 185% and Col. Heaths, t. 201% 4. distans,

Spreng. f. Tent. Suppl. Syst. Veg. 13, not of Benth.

Sourn AFRICA: without locality, Sieber, 146! 181! Herb. Salisbury / and

cultivated specimens ! z 3

Coast Re@ion: Tulbagh Div.; Witsenberg Range, Pappe! Cape Div.;

foot of Table Mountain, east side, 300 ft., Bolus, 4487! near Hout Bay Nek,

800 ft., Guthrie, 145! Orange Kloof, Wolley Dod, 2176! Constantia Berg,

Wolley Dod, 461! ‘ wens -

Closely allied to E. planifolia, from which it differs chiefly in its longer a

d it rted and slightly different anthers. There has been

aoe ween 0 en aasibly due to hybridization under

fusion between the tw ) n un

coleivuiion. fie “E. thymifolia” of Andr. Heathery, t. 195, is, there is little

doubt, E. planifolia, L. ; while *‘ E. planifolia” of Andr. l.c, t. 185, is either a

fo “thimifolia, Wendl., or a hybrid between the two. We have seen no

pai aneeae fei present species as it occurs wild. The best is that of Wendi.

Eric. Ic. fase. 16, where, while the analytical figure of the corolla is not very

incorrect, the shape of those on the branches, is very much so; the corollas not

being much contracted at the mouth as there represented. The species is not

s0 common as E. planifolia ; we have seen six different gatherings, and amongst

them none which are not clearly distinguishable by the characters above

stated.

193. E. filiformis (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi, 345, not of

Bartl.); procumbent, sometimes almost prostrate, much branched,

spreading 6-8 in. from the stem in every direction ; branches puberu-

lous, leafy; leaves 3-nate, erect-spreading, usually shorter than the

internodes, linear-subterete, sulcate, hirsute or glabrescent, mostly

with a tuft of white hairs at the apex, 13-3 lin. long ; flowers

150 ERICACEEX (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

terminal, 3-nate or in clusters of 3-6 ; pedicels slender, about 1 lin.

long; bracts closely approximate, small; sepals linear-subulate or

narrow-laneeolate, acute, foliaceous, hirsute, shortly gland-ciliate,

about 1 lin. long; corolla suburceolate, tubular-urceolate or ovoid-

urceolate, more or less contracted at the throat, usually tetragonous,

viscid, glabrous, 11-14 lin. long; segments more or less spreading or

suberect, semiovate, rounded, from 4-3 the length of the tube;

stamens usually 8, but often 4-7; filaments narrow, a little dilated

and dark-coloured below the anther; anthers exserted or subexserted,

lateral, sublateral or rarely subterminal, narrow-oblong, 3—2 lin.

long, muticous; pore about $ the length of the cell; style slender,

exserted ; stigma small, subsimple ; ovary globose, glabrous. Benth.

in DC. Prodr. vii. 670. E. humilis, Benth. l.c. 615, not of Neck.

nor Salisb. E. divergens, Wendl., E. flavida, Klotasch, and E.

connivens, Klotzsch, ex Benth, l.c. 670.

VaR. 8, maritima (Bolus) ; leaves somewhat longer and more distant than

usual ; flowers somewhat smaller, 1}—1} lin. long; stamens 4; anthers narrow-

elliptic, subcuneate at the base; cells approximate, pallid, 4 lin. long; pore 4-4

the length of the cell.

Var, y, longibracteata (Bolus) ; bracts slender, but longer, one foliaceous and

reaching to the top of the corolla ; ovary pubescent.

SoutnH AFRICA: without locality, Roxburgh! Herb. Salisbury! Drége!

Coast Rxreion, from 800 to 2000 ft.: Caledon Div. ; Klein Houw Hoek,

Zeyher, 3217! Nieuw Berg, near Palmiet River, Zeyher, 3332! hills near

Grabouw, Bolus, 4177! 4178! Guthrie, 4169! Houw Hoek, Bolus, 7369!

6958! Schlechter, 9425! Var. 8: Bredasdorp Div.; bills near Cape Agulhas,

250 ft., Schlechter, 10559! Var. +: Stellenbosch Div.; Lowrys Pass, 1500 ft.,

Schlechter, 7247 !

This is a curiously variable species in respect of the number of its stamens.

We have found them 4 to 8. Those specimens with 4 stamens (Bolus, 4178, and

Zeyher, 3332) are so in most, if not all, the flowers. They are then technically

Bleria and not Erica. Even if these stood alone it would seem a forcing of

nature to separate them from E. filiformis, with which they agree in all other

respects. But intermediate forms appear to indicate at once an unstable

condition, which induces us to abandon (for systematic purposes in this

particular case) a character based upon stability in the number of the stamens.

194. E. Tysoni (Bolus in Journ. Linn, Soc. xxiv. 181); diffuse,

decumbent, a few in. high ; branches numerous, straggling, slender

but woody and rigid, scabrid-hispid or glabrescent, 6-12 in. long ;

leaves 3-nate, erect-spreading, linear or narrow-lanceolate, suleate,

viscidulous, scabrid-hispidulous, sometimes glabrescent, about 1 lin.

long; fiowers axillary, 3-nate; pedicels + lin. long ; bracts approxi-

mate, oblong or obovate, foliaceous; sepals oblong or lanceolate,

obtuse, foliaceous, gland-ciliate, about 1 lin. long; corolla tubular-

campanulate, slightly widened to the mouth, generally more or less

(sometimes strongly) tetragonous, viseidulous, purple (Hvans), 14-2

lin. long; segments broad, erect-spreading, from 2—% the length of

the tube; anthers subexserted, lateral, dorsifixed shortly above the

base, oblong, scaberulous, ciliolate, about + lin. long, aristate ; pore

3-4 the length of the cell; awns ciliolate, eurved, about 4-2 the

length of the cell; style exserted; stigma capitellate; ovary

Erica. | ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). 151

glabrous. EE. satureioides, Sond. ex Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soc.

xxiv. 182.

EASTERN REGION, in rocky places at 6000-7500 ft.: Griqualand East;

summit of Ingeli Mountain, Tyson, 1290! and in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 469!

Pondoland ; Insizwa Mountains, Schlechter, 6493! Fakus Territory, Sutherland /

Natal; on the Drakensberg Range at Polela, Evans, 673!

Allied to E. filiformis, from which it differs by its fewer flowers in the whorl,

and its appendiculate anthers. The corolla is singularly like it in shape and

texture, except that the limb in this is considerably longer.

195. E. aspalathoides (Guthrie & Bolus in Engl. Jahrb, xxvii.

173); diffuse, very slender, weakly-trailing, almost herbaceous in

appearance; branches spreading, about 4-} lin. in diam. at their

thickest part, 4-8 in. long, closely leafy, thinly hairy, red-brown ;

leaves 4-nate, squarrose or recurved, linear-setaceous, 1-2 lin. long,

1-1 lin. broad, longer than the internodes, with 2-3 obsolete teeth

on either side, each tooth and the apex bearing a long fine white

gland-tipped hair ; flowers few ; pedicels short, about 7-1 lin. long;

bracts approximate, leaf-like and with similar white hairs, but pale

brown coloured, 12 lin. long; sepals leaf-like, coloured like the

bracts, and about as long, reaching to the top of the corolla; corolla

cyathiform, slightly widened at the mouth, glabrous, dry (when

dried, pale brown) 14 lin. long; segments erect, rounded, 5—} the

length of the tube; filaments capillary, dilated just below the

anther; anthers semi-exserted, lateral, dorsifixed close to the base,

narrow-oblong, very pale brown, less than 3 lin. long, aristate ; pore

about 2 the length of the cell; awns about } the length of the cell ;

style exserted, slender, bent; stigma small, capitellate; ovary

puberulous.

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div.; Cederberg Range, at Ezelsbank, near

Wupperthal, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 8812!

Easily recognized by the extreme fineness of its leaves. This species must not

be confused with E. aspalathifolia, Bolus.

196. E. Mundii (Guthrie & Bolus); erect, rigid; branches

puberulous and _ hispid; leaves 3-nate, spreading, not crowded,

oblanceolate or oblong, acute, rarely subobtuse, open-backed with

reflexed margins, sometimes almost flat, ciliate on margins and on

midrib, occasionally hairy below, glabrous above, the upper some-

times oblong, suleate, and apparently subterete, by the more strongly

revolute margins, or even all the leaves so, 13-2 lin. long ; flowers

terminal, 3-nate, or umbellate and 4-6-flowered ; pedicels slender,

3_2 lin. long; bracts remote, small, adpressed ; sepals linear-subulate

or lanceolate, acute, foliaceous, callous-pointed, coloured, viscid,

about 1 lin. long; corolla cyathiform, mouth scarcely contracted or

widened, glabrous or minutely hairy, viscidulous, & to a little

over 1 lin. long, and about the same in width; segments erect,

subdeltoid, about 2 the length of the tube ; filaments slender, equal ;

anthers included or subexserted, lateral, dorsifixed shortly above

152 ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hrica.

the base, cuneate-oblong, 4} lin. long or slightly less, muticous ;

pore } the length of the cell; style shortly exserted, stout, curved;

stigma capitate, somewhat large ; ovary subturbinate, glabrous below,

thinly and shortly hairy above, or entirely glabrous.

Sourn ArRica: without locality, Kennedy in Herb. MacOwan, 1714!

Coast REcIon : Swellendam Div. ; mountains near Voormans Bosch, Zeyher,

8258! Voormans Bosch, Mund, 36! in Cape Govt. Herb.

The different aspect of the broad. or narrow-leaved forms is sometimes

puzzling; but the characters of the flowers are fairly constant. In general

appearance the broad-leaved forms resemble EZ. planifolia, but are structurally

different and easily distinguishable. The narrow-leaved forms are probably the

result of a drier season.

197. E. strigosa (Soland. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, ii. 17, not of

Wendl.); erect, stout, 2-3 ft. high, by far the largest in this section ;

branches thickish, erect or divarieate, puberulous and also pilose with

glandular hairs; leaves 4-nate, mostly squarrose or spreading,

generally longer than the internodes, linear or linear-lanceolate,

acuminate, puberulous above, velvety and paler beneath, narrowly

open-backed with thick revolute margins, minutely puberulous,

ciliate with setose gland-tipped hairs, 2-3 lin. long ; flowers axillary

and terminal, appearing subracemose on the ends of the branches,

sometimes lax and interrupted, sometimes congested into a short

pseudo-spike ; pedicels from 1-2 lin. long; bracts remote, minute,

or some oceasionally wanting; sepals linear or linear-lanceolate,

acuminate, foliaceous, tipped with a glandular hair, about 1 lin. long ;

corolla short-cyathiform or suburceolate-cyathiform, scarcely con-

tracted or widened to the mouth, glabrous, dry, about 1} lin. long,

rather less in width; segments short, erect; anthers from sub-

included to subexserted, lateral, dorsifixed near the base, about 2 lin.

long or less, aristate; pore about 4 the length of the cell ; awns

straight, } the length of the cell or less; style exserted, straight ;

stigma capitate; ovary turbinate, glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr.

vii. 678. £. arborea, Thunb. Diss. Erica, 40, not of Linn. nor of

others, fide Salish. and Rach, LE. axillaris, Salish. in Trans. Linn.

Soc. vi. 325, not of Thunb. EE. precox, Lodd, Bot. Cab. t. 1413.

HE. pilulifera, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 19, 107, t. 41? not of Linn.

E. Chametetraliz, Tausch in Flora, 1834, 616? E. lasiophylla,

Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii, 195, fide Benth. E. scabriuscula, Drege ex

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 678.

Sovrn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg, Drége! Herb. Salisbury !

Coast ReaGion, between 1000 and 2000 ft. : Cape Div.; Devils Peak, Burchell,

8465! Guthrie, 1167! Wolley Dod, 1740! Table Mountain, Masson! Bolus,

47521! Kassner, 162! Orange Kloof, Wolley Dod, 3416! Div.? Wilde River,

Niven!

This species is well-marked in the section by its robust habit ; and in this

respect it is certainly exceptional. Bentham placed it in the § Orophanes ;

but by its usually axillary (as well as terminal) flowers, its Spreading and open-

backed leaves, it seems to us more conveniently arranged here.

~ 198. E. flexicaulis (Dry. in Ait, Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 395);

Brica.| ERICACEM (Guthrie & Bolus). 153

erect, about 1 ft. high; stem and branches flexuous; leaves 4-nate,

close-set, spreading, squarrose or decurved, broad-linear, acute, open-

backed with revolute margins, thinly gland-ciliate, 2}-3 lin. long ;

flowers terminal, umbellate, cernuous, 4-6 in the umbels; pedicels

2-3 lin. long; bracts, two approximate, third remote, coloured,

gland-ciliate ; sepals lanceolate or ovate, coloured, gland-ciliate, about

11 lin. long, margins revolute ; corolla urceolate or ovoid-urceolate,

mouth contracted, glabrous ?, shining, 31-4 lin. long ; segments erect

or slightly spreading, about } as long as the tube; anthers included,

lateral, oblong ; pore about 3} as long: as the cell, muticous; style

included; stigma small, subsimple ; ovary glabrous? Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 692. E. glandulosa, Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 97, and

Heathery, t. 115, not of Thunb. nor of Wendl.

Soutu AFRICA: without locality, Niven, ex Dryander.

The type of this species is Andrews’ figure first above cited, which is quoted

by Dryander, It is otherwise unknown to us, for we have been unable to recog-

nize it amongst any collections we have seen, A small frustule in Herb. Brit,

Mus., so marked, is certainly not this species, but possibly E. strigosa, which

this certainly resembles, differing in its inflorescence and also in its muticous

anthers. We place it here with some doubt.

199. E. confusa (Guthrie & Bolus) ; branches slender, flexuous,

clothed, as are the leaves, pedicels, bracts and sepals, with longish

gland-tipped hairs; leaves 3-nate, spreading, linear or oblong, obtuse,

‘suleate, minutely puberulous and also long-ciliate, 1-1} lin. long ;

flowers axillary and terminal, 2-3-nate ; pedicels slender, 13-2} lin.

long; bracts 3, remote, median, minute ; sepals broad ovate, with

thick strongly revolute margins, dark-coloured when dry, about

1 lin. long; corolla ovoid-urceolate, at first not much contracted to

the mouth, afterwards becoming more 80, and also more inflated,

glabrous, very viscid, 13-14 lin. long; segments slightly spreading,

bluntly rounded, short; filaments equal, slender; anthers semi-

exserted, lateral, dorsifixed just above the base, oblong, from about

2 to nearly 2 lin. long, aristulate ; pore from $ to $ the length of the

cell; awns short, sometimes extremely minute; style exserted,

slender ; stigma capitellate ; ovary glabrous. L£. filiformis, Dréye

in Linnea, xx. 187, not of Salisb.

Coast Recion: Caledon Div.; Sweet Melks Valley, Niven, 42! on the

mountains near Appels Kraal, by the Zondereinde River, Zeyher, 3212! Gena-

dendal, Schultz in Herb. Bolus, 6493 !

200. E. grata (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect or subdecumbent, stout,

branched, with bright green leaves, and pseudo-racemose dense

flowering branches, 1-1} ft. or more high ; branches with a short

tomentum, interspersed with longer hairs; leaves 3-nate, from

spreading to squarrose, close-set or with longish internodes, linear to

narrow-lanceolate, sulcate or more commonly open-backed, roughly

and thiekly or thinly pilose with tuberele-based hairs, 2-3 lin. long ;

flowers terminal, 3-nate, on short branchlets ; pedicels pubescent,

154 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [Erica.

sometimes glandular, 1}—2} lin. long; bracts remote, small, scarious,

coloured ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, keeled and keel-tipped, scarious,

coloured, glabrous, shortly gland-ciliate, dry or viseid, 1-11 lin.

long, somewhat shorter than the corolla-tube; corolla broad-urceo-

late, mouth more or less contracted, glabrous, dry or viscid, 11-12

lin. long; segments erect or somewhat spreading, 4-1 as long as the

tube; filaments equal, straight; anthers subexserted, dorsifixed

above the hase, obovate-oblong, very obtuse, ciliolate along the

margins, cells deeply partite and at length subdistant, under + lin.

long, aristate; pore very wide, about 1 the cell in length; awns

subulate, incurved, rough-edged, about 1 as long as the cell; style

exserted, stout, dark red ; stigma capitate; ovary lanate with long

white hairs.

Coast Recion: Riversdale Div. ; Garcias Pass, near the toll-house, 1000 ft.,

Galpin, 3652!

In the general appearance of the flowers this species bears a great resemblance

to E. oreophila. But the habit, and especially the structure and appearance

of the anthers and ovary are very different. The size and Shape of the corolla,

and the texture of the sepals, separate it from E. globosa,

201. E. flacea (E. Meyer ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 670);

erect, slenderly branched, but not diffuse or straggling ; branches

pubescent or glandular-hairy ; leaves usually 3-nate, rarely also

4-nate on the same plant, spreading, not crowded, sometimes distant

and much shorter than the long internodes, linear as if subterete and

sulcate with strongly revolute margins, or in more luxuriant plants

lanceolate or oblong, and open-backed with reflexed margins, acute,

aristate, pubescent or pilose, usually gland-ciliate, 12-22 (oceasionaliy

4) lin. long; flowers axillary, mostly 3-nate in the whorls towards

the ends of the branches ; pedicels slender, 2-23 lin. long ; braets

sometimes, or always (?) one approximate, small, usually two basal,

large, leaf-like ; sepals mostly somewhat loose or spreading, lanceo-

late, acute, foliaceous, pubescent, gland-ciliate, under 1 lin. long,

margins reflexed; corolla subtubular-campanulate, only slightly

widened to the mouth, puberulous, 11-2 lin. long ; segments slightly

spreading, about 4 as long as the tube ; filaments from a short ovate

or obovate base thence abruptly contracted upward ; anthers exserted,

or sometimes long exserted, lateral, dorsifixed shortly above the base,

semiovate, dorsally curved, anteriorly straight, glabrous, mostly pale

brown, about 2 lin. long, muticous; pore less than } as long as the

cell; style exserted, slender; stigma capitellate, small ; ovary

glabrous or pubescent on the top. HH. thymoides, Klotzsch ex Benth,

in DC. Prodr. vii. 670.

Coast ReGion, between 1000 and 3000 ft.: Clanwilliam Div. ; Cederberg

Range, at Hzelsbank, Drege! Blue Berg, Drége! Krakadouw Pass, Leipoldt,

206! Pakhuis Pass, Leipoldt, 624! Tulbagh Div.; Old Kloof, Roode Zand

(near Tulbagh), Niven, 43! Ceres Diy. ; Mitchells Pass, Bolus, 5286!

A very distinct species. The shape of the corolla is somewhat like that of

E. filiformis, but other differences are great. The filaments with their wide

spoon-bowl-shaped base are something like those of E, thimifolia.

Erica.) ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 155

[E. ciliaris, Thunb. Diss. Erica, 19, partly, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 349,

as to sheet a of Herb. Thunb., on which EF, planifolia, var. robusta, Rach in

Linnea xxvi, 783, was founded, is (according to Thunberg’s type specimen, which

I have examined) identical with EZ. flacca, EK. Meyer. The locality where it was

collected is not mentioned by Thunberg.—N, E. Brown.]

202. E. latifolia (Andr. Heathery, t. 72); erect, 1 ft. high ;

branches flexuous, pubescent; leaves 3-nate, laxly spreading or

squarrose, broad-ovate or lanceolate to oblong, acute, open-backed,

margins revolute, densely pilose above, pale below, up to 6 lin. long ;

flowers axillary, umbellate in threes in the middle of the branches,

cernuous ; pedicels decurved, 3-4 lin. long; bracts remote, folia-

ceous, small; sepals broad-ovate, obtuse, leaf-like in shape and

texture, 1-12 lin. long; corolla urceolate-globose, much contracted

to the mouth, glabrous, bright-red, 1}—1$ lin. long and equally wide ;

limb very small, erect ; filaments rather broad ; anthers subexserted,

lateral? narrow-oblong, muticous; style exserted; stigma small,

subsimple; ovary villous with long straight hairs. Andr. Col.

Heaths, t. 105; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 669. £. crassifolia,

Klotzsch ex Benth. l.c., 669, not of Andr. |

Coast Reaton : Swellendam Div., Ecklon S Zeyher, ex Bentham.

This species is known to us only from Andrews’ figure and brief description,

from which we have drawn up the foregoing. Bentham also cites Niven’s 43 ;

we have seen and dissected the flowers of the specimen so marked by him and

find it to be without doubt E. flacca, E. Meyer. Ecklon and Zeyher’s specimen

we have not seen. Bentham cites E. suaveolens, Lodd. Bot. Cab. ¢. 24, as a

synonym; but this figure seems to us nearer to our E. debilis.

203. E. cordata (Andr. Heathery, t. 158); erect, 1} ft. or more

high ; branches more or less slender, sometimes spreading, but not

diifuse, closely pubescent and also densely pilose with gland-tipped

hairs; leaves 3-nate, spreading, somewhat crowded, from ovate to

lanceolate, acute, open-backed, more or less strongly revolute at the

margins, sometimes subcordate at the base, upper surface hispid with

tubercle-based hairs, becoming seabrid, closely pale tomentose

below, 14-23 lin. long, or, in luxuriant specimens, 4 lin. long;

flowers terminal, 3-nate, more rarely clustered or capitate, 3-6-

flowered, subcalycine ; pedicels pilose, 13-2 lin. long ; bracts remote,

small, scarious ; sepals ovate, acute or acuminate, scarious, subviscid,

- corolla broad-urceolate-campanu-

coloured, ciliate, 1-13 lin. long;

late or globose-ureeolate, mouth not, or very slightly, contracted,

subviscidulous, shining, pale red, 13-1; lin. long ; segments rounded,

mostly spreading, about 3 as long as the tube; filaments rather

broad, dilated just below the anther; anthers subexserted, lateral,

oblong, tapering towards the apex, not quite > lin. long, muticous :

pore over 3 as long as the cell; style exserted 5 stigma capitellate ;

ovary villous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 669 ; Andr, Col. Heaths,

#. 160. E. punctata, Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 646.

Masson! Drége, 2315!

- with ] lity, *

Sourn Arrica: without locality ft. ; Swellendam Div.; mountains near

Coast REGIon, between

156 ERICACEX (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

Swellendam, Mund, 47! Shand in Herb. Bolus, 6254! Galpin, 3658! Voormans

Bosch, Zeyher, 3213! Riversdale Div.; mountains near Kaffirkuils River,

Niven, 87! Garcias Pass, Burchell, 7032! Kampsche Berg, Burchell, 7077!

mountains near Riversdale, Schlechter, 2196! Uitenhage Div.; Vanstadens

Mountains, Zeyher, 787 !

204. E. hirsuta (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 669, not

of Thunb., nor Salisb., nor Lodd.); erect, 1 ft. or more high ;

branches ascending; branchlets spreading or sometimes divaricate,

hirsute ; leaves 4-nate, or sometimes 3-nate, spreading, not close-set,

ovate and more or less flat with reflexed margins, or lanceolate with

more strongly revolute margins, aeute, open-backed, midrib promi-

nent, pubescent below, glabrous above, setose-ciliate, 2—23 lin. long,

1-1} lin. wide; flowers terminal, sub-4-nate or umbellate (ace. to

Bentham oceasionally axillary); pedicels slender, gland-pilose,

2-4 lin. long; braets remote, lax, small, variable in shape and

position ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, scarious, shining, viscid, coloured,

more or less copiously setose-ciliate with longish subdistant hairs,

rarely almost naked, otherwise glabrous, about 1 lin. long; corolla

urceolate or ovoid-urceolate, mouth much contracted, viscid, 2—22 lin.

long ; limb erect or slightly spreading, 1-1 as long as the tube;

filaments narrow, dilated just below the anther; anthers exserted or

subexserted, lateral, dorsifixed just above the base, oblong, curved,

subacute, about 4 lin. long, minutely aristulate or perhaps sometimes

(as described by Bentham) muticous ; pore narrow, more than 3 as

Jong as the cell; awns scareely reaching below the base of the

cell; style slender, well exserted ; stigma capitellate; ovary

hispidulous.

South Arrica: without locality, Mund!

Coast Recion: George Div.; on the mountain near George, Alezander,

12! Montagu Pass, 1200-1500 ft., Young in Herb. Bolus, 5524! Schlechter,

5736 |

205. E. Lehmannii (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 618) ;

erect, 2-3 ft. high ; branches ascending, subvirgate, pilose ; leaves

3-nate, suberect, imbricate, ovate to lanceolate, acute, open-backed,

margins revolute, roughly ciliate with longish tubercle-based hairs,

cano-puberulous below, glabrous above, 13-2 lin. long; flowers

terminal, 3-nate, subcalycine ; pedicels 3 lin. long; bracts approxi-

mate, lanceolate, acuminate, scarious, ciliate, larger than usual in

the section, 1j-2 lin. long; sepals lanceolate, subulate-acuminate,

searious, ciliate, 11-2 lin. long; corolla suburceolate-campanulate,

mouth scarcely or not at all contracted, glabrous, dry, about 2 lin.

long; segments slightly spreading, about s 48 long as the tube;

filaments broader at the base, tapering upwards; anthers exserted,

terminal or subterminal, narrow-oblong or subobovate-oblong, in-

curved, about % lin. long, muticous; pore less than + as long as

_ the tube; style slender, exserted ; stigma very small, subsimple or

capitellate ; ovary glabrous, ;

~~ Coast Region: George Div. ; on the Post Berg (now Cradock Berg) near

Erica. | Ericacr& (Guthrie & Bolus). 157

George, Burchell, 5908! 5981! mountains near George, Drége, 7784! Mont

Pass, 1200 ft., Tyson, 3163! Be, ge, ontagn

Placed by Bentham in § Geissostegia ; but the bracts are not those of that

section, and sublateral anthers, approaching these, occur elsewhere in this

section, to which its open-backed leaves seem to indicate a natural alliance.

206. E. macrophylla (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vit.

669) ; procumbent or sometimes suberect ?; branches stout, ngid,

villous; leaves 3-nate, spreading, crowded, ovate, acute, open-

backed, margins revolute, bullate-convex, and densely villous with

long hairs on the upper surface, closely pale tomentose below,

21-31 lin. long including the rather long petiole ; flowers terminal,

clustered or sometimes (ace. to Bentham) also axillary; pedicels

stoutish, 1—1 lin. long; bracts remote, 2 very small, 1 larger; sepals

oblong, in opposite pairs, 2 longer and 2 shorter, or ovate-lanceolate,

obtuse, viscid, coloured, about > lin. long; corolla ovoid-urceolate,

mouth contracted, viscid, minutely puberulous or glabrous, 23~3 lin.

long ; segments suberect, 11 as long as the tube; anthers sub-

exserted, sublateral, broad-linear, about 2 lin. long, muticous; pore

about 2 as long as the cell; style exserted, decurved; stigma capi-

tate; ovary densely and closely white-woolly.

Coast Recon: Swellendam Div. ; summit of a mountain peak near Swel-

lendam, Burchell, 7380! Grootvaders Bosch, Masson ! Riversdale Div. ; moun-

tains near Kafferkuils River, on moist rocks, Niven, 36! summit of Kampsche

Berg, Burchell, 7118! George Div.; Cradock Berg, Burchell, 5909!

A distinct species, not found by any recent collector. We have chiefly

described from Burcheli’s 7330! ;

207. E. ocellata (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect ; branches of medium

thickness, not slender, nor diffase, pilose ; leaves 3-nate, spreading,

the older distant, the younger imbricate, ovate or lanceolate, open-

backed, margins recurved or revolute, rough and ciliate with tubercle-

based hairs, upper surface somewhat concave, glabrous, shining,

nd pale below, from »—4 lin. long, 1-2 lin. wide;

closely tomentose a : :

flowers capitate; heads 6-10-flowered ; pedicels stoutish, under

1 lin. long; bracts remote to subapproximate, small, glandular-

pilose ; sepals lanceolate or oblong, viscid, pale, very inconspicuous,

1-2 lin. long; corolla urceolate, mouth contracted, glabrous, viscid,

12 lin. long, 1} lin. wide, limb and generally also a small portion of

the upper part of the tube recurved or revolute; segments about

1 as long as the tube, broad, shortly subacute ; filaments broadish,

slightly dilated below the anther; anthers subexserted, sublateral,

basifixed at the dorsal side, or Jateral and dorsifixed near the base,

g somewhat to the apex, about } lin. long, muticous ;

oblong, taperin

pore a 1s long as the cell; style exserted, at length decurved ;

stigma clavate-capitate; ovary loosely white-woolly.

Coast Reeion: Swellendam Div. ; Tradouw Pass, Borcherds in Herb. Bolus,

6496! Zuurbraak Mountain, 2500 ft., Galpin, 3657!

The anthers do not seem quite constant, some being distinctly lateral, others

affixed at the very base of the cell, though dorsal,

158 ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus), | rica,

Section XV. DESMIA. (Sp. 208-210.)

208. E. conferta (Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 83); erect, entirely

glabrous, 1-2 ft. high; branches slender, 4-sulcate from the

long prominent deeurrent leaf-cushions; leaves 4-nate, spread-

ing or reflexed, crowded or distant, linear, acuminate, sulcate,

aristate, 6-11 lin. long; flowers capitate, corolline; heads 6-20-

flowered ; pedicels about 1 lin. long ; bracts approximate, lanceolate,

a little longer than the sepals; sepals lanceolate, acute, about 2 lin.

long, coloured; corolla subglobose-urceolate, constricted at the

throat, white (Andrews), 14-12 lin. long ; segments short, broad,

rounded, revolute, 1—1 as long as the tube; anthers exserted or sub-

exserted, narrow-elliptical, subobtuse, acute at the base, smooth,

pale brown, about # lin. long, muticous; pore # as long as the cell;

seeds foveolate, the pits oblong. Heathery, t. 59; Lodd. Bot. Cab.

t. 1335 ; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 615.

Sour Arrica: without locality, Masson ! and cultivated specimens !

Coasr Rucion: Riversdale Div.; alpine shady places, near the Kaffer-

kuils River, scarce, Niven, 104! and at Riet Kuil, Niven, 104!

209. E. polifolia (Salisb, ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 615) ;

weakly diffuse and probably trailing amongst other shrubs or in long

grass, or stouter and erect; branches up to 12 in. long, slender,

pale, the younger furrowed by the deeurrent leaf-cushions, distantly

leafy with internodes 1—1 in. long, ultimate flowering branches

sometimes pedunculoid, with leaves reduced to small (3-nate)

bracts ; leaves 3-nate, spreading or recurved, linear, acute, aristate,

flattish, sulcate, 6-11 lin. long, mostly 3 lin. in width, but sometimes

reaching 1} lin.; flowers subcorolline, in 3~—6-flowered umbels ;

pedicels 1—2 lin. long; bracts all approximate, or 1 remote, basal,

ovate, acuminate, about 2 lin. long, the lower very caducous;

sepals ovate, cuspidate, acuminate, or aristate, often gland-ciliate,

13-2 lin. long; corolla broad-urceolate, slightly contracted at the

throat, 23-22 lin. long; segments broadly rounded, spreading or

recurved, about 3 lin, long; filaments narrow, or broader than the

anther (in front view); anthers exserted, narrow-elliptical, dark-

brown, scaberulous, about lin. long; pore 2 as long as the cell,

Benth. in DO. Prodr. vii. 615. E. caduca, Thunb.? Prodr. 71;

Flor. Cap. ed. Schult. 356; Rach in Linnea, xxvi. 769. E.

cuspidata, Klotzsch ex Benth. l.c. 615. E. aqualis, Benth., l.c.

615.

Var. 8, angustata (Bolus); sepals lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, tapering

gradually to the aristate apex.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Masson !

Coast ReGion: Var. 6, Swellendam Div. ; trailing slender plant, watery

places among long grass, alpine situations near Swellendam, Niven, 232! Voor-

mans Bosch, Zeyher, 3247! Langeberg Range, near Zuurbraak, 3000 ft.,

Schlechter, 2046! 5673! Galpin, 3532!

Masson’s specimens, being the earliest known, were doubtless Salisbury’s

type. The sepals in it are somewhat differently shaped from most of the others

Erica.] ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). 159

we have examined, being more ovate and shorter; but we can find no other

differences, nor can we in any way separate E. equalis by definite characters.

The habit of the plant varies according to the locality,—specimens from drier

open places being more erect, those from moist grassy spots more diffuse, and

there are intermediate forms, such as Ecklon & Zeyher’s 3247 and Galpin’s

3434, from mountains near Swellendam. Thunberg’s EL. cadwca, above cited,

must remain, a very doubtful species: it was collected on Table Mountain,

near Cape Town. His specimen is without flowers and his: description is quite

inadequate. It may be either this, or possibly E. obtusata, Klotzsch.

210. E. obtusata (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 615);

erect ; branches many, divaricately spreading, puberulous or glan-

dular-scaberulous; leaves 3-nate, spreading or squarrose, linear or

subterete, rarely flattish, obtuse, thick, sulcate, subviscidulous,

shining, minutely gland-scabrous, 3-5 lin. long, leaf-cushions short

and crescent-shaped, not decurrent; flowers subcorolline, 3-6 in

short umbels or subcapitate; pedicels 1-1} lin. long; bracts sub-

remote, small, scarious, like the pedice's, sepals and corolla viscidu-

lous ; sepals lanceolate, acute, subscarious, nerved, margins reflexed

and minutely gland-ciliolate, 1-1} lin. long; reaching to the height

of the eorolla-tube or less; corolla globose-urceolate, viscid, white,

about 12 lin. long; segments spreading, about ¢ the length of the

tube; filaments broad, eurved; anthers exserted or subexserted,

broadly elliptical, very obtuse, light brown, smooth, about # lin. long ;

pore very wide and large, occupying nearly the whole of the cell;

style shortly exserted ; stigma capitate, large.

een 2000 and 5000 ft.: Cape Div.; Table Mountain,

ones Pesci a 1 of Waai Vley, 3000 ft., Wolley Dod, 3257 ! Caledon

Div. ; mountains near Genadendal, Drége, Galpin, 3533! Houw Hoek,

Schlechter, 5467! Klein River, Niven, 238 !

Niven marks his ticket “ glutinous plant, 2-3 ft. high.”

Section XVI. GYPSOCALLIS. (Sp. 211-218.)

211. E. racemosa (Thunb. Diss. Erica, 31, t. 5); erect, 6-12 in.

high; branches somewhat slender, pubescent, and hirsute with

longer often gland-tipped hairs; leaves 4-nate, the upper erect-

spreading, the lower often subsquarrose, crowded, linear, sulcate,

rarely narrow-lanceolate and subopen-backed, pubescent and ciliate

with gland-tipped hairs, 1-2 lin. long; flowers 3-4 in each whorl

of the leaves at the ends of the branches, generally forming a more

or less dense pseudo-raceme (not truly racemose) ; pedicels puberu-

lous, 13-91 lin. long; bracts remote, small ; corolla urceolate, mouth

ewhat ¢ i (when young subtubular or cyathiform, mouth

somewhat contracted ‘a

not or scarcely contracted), glabrous, 1}-1} lin. long ; segments

1-1 as long as the tube; filaments very slender, equal ; esl

commonly subexserted, occasionally exserted, lateral, suboblong,

distinctly ineurved at the back, scabrid, a little more than $ lin.

long, muticous; pore about 4 as long as the cell; style exserted

beyond the anthers, straight; stigma capitellate; ovary hispid.

160 ERICACE® (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Brica.

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 668; Wendl. Fric. Ie. fasc. 10, 3. #.

flexilis, Salisb. Prodr. 296, and in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi, 342. £.

hispida, Andr. Heathery, t. 69, and Col. Heaths, t. 100, not of

Burm. f. ?, nor of Thunb.; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1982.

Soutn ArFrtca: without locality, Thunberg, Herb. Salisbury! and eulti-

vated specimens !

Coast Rreion, between 300 and 1500 ft.: Caledon Div.; mountains of

Baviaans Kloof near Genadendal, Burchell, 7808! Niven! Drége, 7755! Zoete-

melks Vlei, Grisbrook in Herb. Guthrie, 3542! near Villiersdorp, Bolus, 5177!

near the Zondereinde River, Schlechter, 9890! Swellendam Div. ; near Swel-

lendam, Mund, 46! near Grootvaders Bosch, Burchell, 7215! mountains near

Voormans Bosch, Zeyher, 3235! near Zuurbraak, Galpin, 3654! Langeberg

Range, Schlechter, 5668! Riversdale Div. ; Garcias Pass, Burchell, 7049! near

Riversdale, Schlechter, 1777 !

Bentham remarks that in cultivation the leaves become more open-backed,

showing an affinity with § Ceramia. Following our predecessors we cite

Thunberg as the author, though it is most probably the H. hispida, Burm. f.

Prodr, Fl, Cap. 11 (1768). It is, however, unlikely that any certainty is

attainable, and Burmann’s brief description of seven words is almost as useless as

a bare name, .

212. E. aghillana (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect, apparently 6-8 in.

high; branches subglabrous, channelled, pale brown; leaves 4-nate,

the upper erect and adpressed, the lower spreading or squarrose,

linear, subobtuse, sulcate, glabrous, the younger ciliate, 2-3 lin.

long; flowers 1-2 in each whorl of leaves towards the ends of the

branches, forming a pseudo-raceme; pedicels about 1+ lin. long;

bracts remote, minute, hairy; sepals narrow-lanceolate, obtuse,

pubescent, foliaceous, reddish, about 8% lin. long; corolla broad-

urceolate-campanulate, mouth slightly, or not at all, contracted,

the younger tetragonous, the older becoming round, glabrous, red,

13-1} lin. long; segments erect, obtuse, rounded, 1—1 the length of

the tube; anthers exserted, lateral, oblong, slightly incurved, seabrid,

nearly 2 lin. long; pore 1 the length of the cell, muticous; style

well exserted, stoutish ; stigma eapitate; ovary glabrous, lobed,

pale.

Var. 8, latifolia (Guthrie & Bolus); leaves oblong, obtuse, 1} lin. long,

3 lin. wide, thick, closely adpressed to the branches (at least the upper ones) ;

pedicels longer, 4-54 lin. long.

Fett Arrica: without locality, Var. 8: Mund! in the Cape Govt.

ero,

Coast Recion: Bredasdorp Div.; Rhenoster Kop, near Cape Agulhas,

400 ft., Schlechter, 10571!

213. E. petrea (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 668); erect, 1 ft. or

more high; branches ascending but somewhat spreading or straggling,

stoutish, glabrous or slightly pubescent ; leaves 3-nate, erect, imbri-

cate, obovate-oblong, subacute, the upper face concave with a thick

nerve, the lower sulcate, thick, glabrous, smooth and shining, margin

cartilaginous, 2-2} lin. long ; flowers terminal and axillary towards

_the ends of the branches; pedicels slender, pubescent, 14 lin. long ;

bracts 2, closely approximate, small, foliaceous; sepals lanceolate,

Erica. | ERIcCACEm (Guthrie & Bolus). 161

acute, keel-tipped, ciliolate, rigid, thick, $ lin. long; corolla ovoid,

glabrous, 11-12 lin. long ; segments erect, short, rounded ; anthers

exserted, lateral, oblong, slightly incurved, bifid, minutely scaberu-

lous, pale brown, nearly % lin. long, very shortly aristulate ; pore

over 1 as long as the cell; style straight, exserted beyond the

anthers; stigma capitellate ; ovary glabrous.

Coast Rraion: George or Uniondale Div. ; dry stony places, Kamanassie

Mountains, Masson, 66!

214. E. dumosa (Andr. Heathery, t. 213, not of Salisb.) ; erect,

6-12 in. high; branehes slender but rigid, mostly spreading and

flexuous, the younger glandular-pubescent; leaves 3-nate, erect-

spreading, imbricate, more rarely distant, linear, narrow-oblong or

linear-lanceolate, generally tipped with a rigid white callosity, thiek

and deeply sulcate, with strong revolute margins, or more rarely

subopen-backed, somewhat bullate, tomentose- pubescent, occasionally

with gland-tipped hairs towards the apex, at length somewhat glab-

rescent, 11-21 lin, long; flowers 1-2 in each leaf-whorl towards

the ends of the branches, mostly somewhat lax and distant; pedicels

capillary or slender, ascending, straight or curved, persistent, elon-

gating after flowering, 2}-6 (sometimes even 9) lin. long; bracts 3,

basal, foliaceous; sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute or subobtuse, folia-

ceous, with revolute margins, dark-coloured, gland-pubescent, 1-1}

lin. long, generally about } the length of the corolla; corolla

varying from ovoid to tubular-ovoid, with contracted mouth,

glabrous, rosy to darker red, 3-34 lin. long ; filaments slightly

dilated at the base and tapering upwards, ciliate or naked; anthers

exserted, lateral, oblong or linear, nearly straight, 1-1} lin. long,

muticous; pore }—} as long as the cell; style exserted ; stigma

capitellate ; ovary glabrous. Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 230; Benth. in

DG. Prodr. vii. 668. E. longipedunculata, Lodd. Bot. Cab.

t. 103.

Var. 8, intermedia (Bolus) ; leaves with an apical callosity only; corolla

urceolate-campanulate or campanulate-cyathiform, mouth slightly widened, or

rarely a few ores ovoid or tabular-ovoid, with contracted mouth, as in the

type, glabrous, 14-2 lin. long; filaments wider at the base than o the type,

sometimes distinctly ovate at the base and more abruptly narrowed Upwards ;

anthers exserted or subincluded, but manifest, carved, smaller, 4-g lin. long;

ovary pubescent. i é . :

Van y, setifera (Bolus); leaves tipped with an apical white callosity produced

into a longish white bristle, tapering to a fine point; sepals bristle-tipped i

pedicels somewhat shorter and capillary ; corolla like the campanulate forms o

var. 8, but smaller, 14 lin. long, pubescent or sometimes glabrous; filaments

ovate-lanceolate at the base, ciliate ; anthers exserted or subincluded, curved,

about 3 lin. long ; ovary pubescent or villous with longish hairs.

. * s 4

Sovran ArRica : without locality, cultivated specemens °

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div. 5 ecg near Wupperthal, Schlechter,

iv. 3 res, Bolus, 8480:

eos He Neca a0bo-5500 ft. : Ceres Div. ; Cold Bokkeveld, Schlechter,

8920! Var B- Cores Div. ; Gydouw Mountain, Schlechter, 10224! pees Klein

VOL. 1V.—SECT. I.

162 ERICACEM (Guthrie & Bolus). | Erica.

Vlei, Schlechter, 10068! Var.y: Ceres Div.; Cold Bokkeveld, near Sand fontein,

Schlechter, 10148!

A very variable yet well-marked species. To Bentham it was only known by

Andrews’ figure and by two cultivated specimens in Herb. Kew. With these,

the specimens of Bolus, 8480 agree very well, due allowance being made for

the effects of cultivation. The agreement of the other specimens is not obvions,

but only revealed upon search. Regarding only extreme forms, the propriety

of uniting them might be doubtful. One character is common to all and serves

to distinguish the species from its allies, viz., the presence of a callous white

point to the leaves, which is seldom wanting. The difference in the shape of the

corolla is the real crux ; and here the specimens of Schlechter, 10068, solved the

difficulty, since they exhibit, in some cases, corollas like those of the type, and

in others, of a form nearly like those of var. y.

215. E. fucata (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 667, not

of Thunb.) ; ereet or procumbent, glabrous in all parts, 6-12 in.

high ; leaves 3-nate, gemmiferous in the axils, erect-incurved, linear,

subobtuse, flat above, round-backed, faintly sulcate, 2-3 lin. long;

flowers subsolitary and somewhat distant or crowded towards the

ends of the branches, subcalycine ; pedicels slender, erect-decurved,

red, 3-51 lin. long; braets remote, minute; sepals lanceolate, acute

or obtuse, concave, cartilaginous, margins hyaline, keel-tipped, red,

1-14 lin. long; corolla broad-cyathiform or subglobose-urceolate,

1-11 lin. long, and as wide, mouth slightly widened ; segments

rounded, spreading or erect, 4+ the length of the tube; anthers

exserted or subexserted, from sublateral to subterminal, oblong or

semilanceolate, subacute, tapering towards the base, }—% lin. long,

muticous; pore nearly 4 the length of the cell; style exserted,

stoutish, decurved, red; stigma subsimple or capitellate; ovary

hemispherical, truncate above, glabrous, dark red.

Var. 8, cespitosa (Bolus); procumbent on rocks, subcespitose; corolla

subtetragonous towards the base, 14 lin. long; segments a little smaller,

2-4 the length of the tube.

Coast Recion: Caledon Div.; mountains of Klein River Kloof, Zeyher,

3341! Bredasdorp Div.; hills near Elim, 300 ft., Bolus, 6739! Var. B:

Bredasdorp Div.; on rocks near Elim, 250 ft., Bolus, 8507! Schlechter,

9709 !

There has been some confusion as to the type of this species, and some

specimens in herbaria thus marked do not well agree. Bentham unfortunately

does not quote Zeyher’s number. We have described from a specimen with fully

developed flowers in the Kew Herb., marked as coming from the Berlin Herb.

(but not bearing any number) and which no doubt, as it agrees well with his

description, was what Bentham described. We have also seen a specimen

in the Cape Govt. Herb., numbered 3341 and marked “ stony places in Klein

Rivers Kloof, Aug.” with quite undeveloped flowers but which no doubt belongs

to this. The species is allied to E. scytophylla, from which it is distinguished

by its generally longer leaves and pedicels, larger flowers, and muticous anthers.

Var. 6 has scarcely any differences from the type beyond its habit, and somewhat

_ paler flowers.

216. E. scytophylla (Guthrie & Bolus) ; except the branches,

entirely glabrous; branches erect or spreading, few, subvirgate, rigid,

very little divided and leafy above, soon naked below, downy,

glabrescent, 9-10 in. long ; leaves 3-nate, erect, incurved, imbricate,

Erica. | ERIcACE& (Guthrie & Bolus). 163

the younger elliptical or oblong, subobtuse, callous-denticulate, the

older and lower narrow-oblong, somewhat longer and naked, all

sulcate, round-backed, thick, leathery, rigid, smooth, 2—3 lin. long ;

flowers corolline, or subcalycine, solitary in the axils of the leaves,

with 3 minute bract-like leaves above and at the base of each

pedicel ; pedicels slender, coloured, downy, 2—3 lin. long; bracts

remote, minute, 2 infra-median, 1 nearly basal ; sepals adpressed,

linear, thick, rigid, red, 11-14 lin. long, reaching to about the top

of the corolla-tube; corolla urceolate-campanulate, scarcely con-

tracted at the throat at full maturity, subtetragonous, thick, sub-

fleshy, rosy, 11 lin. long; segments spreading, ovate, from } of the

tube in length to nearly equal to it; filaments lanceolate ; anthers

subexserted or just manifest, subterminal, oblong, tapering to the

dorsal margin; cells bipartite, approximate, dark-coloured, about

2 lin. long, denticulate at the base, teeth short, squarrose ; pore less

than 1 the length of the cell; style exserted ; stigma small, capitel-

late ; ovary glabrous.

Coast Reaton: Bredasdorp Div.; hills near Mier Kraal, 300 ft., Schlechter,

10526 !

This bears some resemblance to E. curtophylla.

217. E. capillaris (Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 647); erect, entirely

glabrous, 6-12 in. high; branches numerous, erect, corymbose :

leaves 3-nate, erect, imbricate, slender, linear, acute, straight, 1-1}

lin. long ; flowers axillary, pseudo-racemose towards the ends of the

branches ; pedicels slender, about | lin. long ; bracts remote, small,

sometimes one or more wanting ; sepals linear-lanceolate, sulcate,

glabrous or ciliate, foliaceous, rigid, about $ lin, long; corolla tubular-

eampanulate or obconie-campanulate, commonly widened to the

mouth, rarely equal, subtetragonous, 1+ lin. long ; segments spread-

ing, 1-1 the length of the tube ; anthers exserted, lateral, ov

oblong, bipartite, slightly curved, pale brown, from under } vk

to nearly 2 lin. long, muticous ; pore about 1 the length of the cell ;

style exserted, slender ; stigma capitellate ; ovary glabrous.

elliptic, i nm shorter

, Bolus); leaves oblong or elliptic, incurved, often sh

Plage nie eu Bu corolla somewhat shorter and broader than in the

type ; flowers more closely crowded at the ends of the branches; anthers less

than 4 lin. long, more curved. 4

va 1; pnlietel (Bolus); habit stronger and somewhat taller, 1-14 ft. high,

general colour ashy-grey ; branches esse a wit en ccntave chore

and petioles longer, oblong to elliptical, thick and ‘

éonivax below, the younger ciliate, 1-14 lin. long; inflorescence mostly lateral

but sometimes also terminal ; anthers curved as in var. 8 and about as long, but

somewhat broader.

i i ! Cape Flats,

0) : Div.; plains near Wynberg, Niven, 10! Cape E

Bone siete <a De Bolus, 4614! Harvey, 161! Var. 8: Caledon

Div. ; Klein River, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 7607 ! Bredasdorp Div. ; Elim, 300 ft.,

Schlechter, 700! y: Ceres Div. Mountains near Klein Vlei, in the

_ Centrat Reason: Var. ap

Cold Bokkeveld, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 10056 !

The type is a neat little shrub, very uniform in character. Until quite lately

m 2

164 ERIcACEs (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Frica.

it had only been found on the Cape Peninsula. Recently Mr. Schlechter has

discovered what seems another form further eastwards,—our var. 8, which we

cannot separate by any tangible characters, though it looks somewhat different

on account of its shorter and more distant leaves, &c. It is intermediate between

the typical form and our var.y. But for it we should probably have made a

species of Schlechter, 10056, the flowers on which are, however, mostly unde-

veloped; one or two show an almost exactly identical corolla, and only the

anther is shorter and broader in shape.

218. E. nudifiora (Linn. Mant. Alt. 229); erect, 6-18 in. high ;

branches numerous, erect, subcorymbose or subvirgate, hirsute ;

leaves 3-nate, erect to wide-spreading, linear-subulate or linear-

semiterete, subacute, flattish and glabrous above, round-backed,

sulcate, generally more or less hispid below, ciliate, hairs tuberele-

based, sometimes almost entirely glabrous, 2-4 lin. long; pedicels

slender, puberulous, 11-21 lin. long; bracts remote, small; sepals

lanceolate, sometimes united for a short distance above the base,

acute, ciliate, rigid, keeled, 3— lin. long; corolla subcampanulate-

cyathiform, mouth not contracted, sometimes varying to tetragonous-

tubular, narrow-ovoid, or even ovoid with contracted mouth, glabrous,

usually bright red, rarely pale rose, 11—2 lin. long; segments slightly

spreading or erect, 11 the length of the tube; filaments capillary,

subequal ; anthers wholly exserted, lateral, dorsifixed just above the

base, oblong or slightly wider above, scaberulous, rounded, very

obtuse, sometimes longitudinally semiobovate, tapering very much

to the base and thus appearing subterminal, about + lin. long, muti-

eous ; pore 1—1 the length of the cell ; style slender, exserted ; stigma

subsimple ; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 668. £.

floribunda, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 14, 19, not of Lodd. EH. alopecu-

roides, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 874, not of Wendl. EE. microstoma, Berg.

ex G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 801. #. sertiflora, Salisb. in Trans.

Linn. Soe. vi. 342.

Sourn Arica: without locality, Thunberg; Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated

specimens !

Coast REGION, on mountains from 400 to 2500 ft.: Clanwilliam Div. ; Ceder-

berg Range, Letpoldt, 131! Tulbazh Div. ; Witsen Berg, Burchell, 86741 Roode

Zand, Niven, 9; Mitchells Pass, MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm., 30! Paarl

Div.; Paarl Mountain, Drége! Drakensteen Mountains, Bolus, 4057! French

Hoek, Guthrie, 34351 Cape Div.; Burchell, 816! Sieber, 182! Drége! Bolus,

3713! MacOwan, 23001 Guthrie, 816! 817! Wolley Dod, 1009! Stellenbosch

Div. ; Lowrys Pass, Burchell, 8209! Schlechter, 4811! Caledon Div.; near Genu-

dendal, Burchell, 76101 77941 8620! Donkerhoek Mountain, Burchell, 7998!

Hemel-en-Aarde, Schlechter, 10375 !

Chiefly variable in the shape of the corolla; but generally recognizable by its

numerous flowers and well-exserted stamens, The pedicels are always shorter

and the corolla generally longer, both absolutely and relatively to its width, than

in EB. fucata,

Section XVIL PYRONIUM. (Sp. 219-232.)

219. E. nutans (Wendl. Eric. Ic. et Descr. fasc. 3, 5); erect,

3-4 ft. high; branches slender, pubescent; leaves 3-nate (or 3-4- —

nate), erect-spreading, linear-filiform, glandular-ciliolate, scabrid, —

Erica.| ERICACEX (Guthrie & Bolus). 165

2-3 lin. long; flowers terminal, sub-3-nate, cernuous; bracts sub-

remote, foliaceous, small; sepals narrow-ovate, acuminate, keel-

tipped, foliaceous, pubescent, slightly over 3 lin. long; corolla

urceolate or ovoid-urceolate, more or less contracted at the mouth,

viscid, white or rosy, 13-21 lin. long; segments nearly erect, +1 of

the length of the tube ; anthers well exserted, subterminal, obovate,

or (according to a specimen in Herb. Berol.) oblong, very obtuse,

scaberulous on the margins, 2 lin. long, muticous ; pore about 4 the

length of the cell; style slender, exserted ; stigma capitellate, small ;

ovary pubescent, seated on a largish dark-coloured disk. Benth. in

DC. Prodr. vii. 618. E. pudibunda, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc.

vi. 8345. LZ. padibunda, Pers. Syn. i. 431,

South Arrica: without locality, cultivated specimen from Herren-

hausen !

Closely allied to E. deliciosa, from which it is chiefly distinguishable by its

relatively smaller sepals and broader anthers ; and we are by no means sure that

it should not be regarded as a variety of that species. Our description is drawn

from Wendland’s, as well as from his figure, and from the specimen we have

seen,

220. E. deliciosa (Wendl. fil. ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 666) ;

erect, 2-3 ft. high; branches white-pubescent ; leaves 3-nate, erect-

spreading, imbrieate, slender, linear, blunt, sulcate, glabrescent,

13-2 lin. long; flowers 3-nate, abundant ; pedicels 13-25 lin. long ;

bracts approximate or sometimes subremote, foliaceous ; sepals from

broadish- to narrow-lanceolate, subacute, sometimes foliaceous,

greenish and dry, sometimes subscarious, coloured and slightly

viscid, 2-11 lin. long; corolla urceolate, mouth very slightly con-

tracted, or ovoid with a narrower mouth, glabrous, white or rosy,

13-21 lin. long; segments erect, very short, about + the length of

the tube; anthers subexserted, subterminal, or sometimes strictly

terminal, suboblong or oblong-obovate, dorsally curved, very obtuse,

about 2 lin. long, quite muticous, or very minutely toothed on the

cells above the base, or with a single projecting tooth between the

cells at their base in front; pore 1-2 the length of the cell ; style

exserted; stigma clavate-capitellate, small; ovary hispid-puberu-

lous. E. umbellata, Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 647? not of Linn.

Coast Rearion. between 500 and 1500 ft.: Riversdale Div. ; near Garcias

Pass, Burchell, 7155 ! Langeberg Range, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 1729 ! George Div. ;

Montagu Pass, 1500 ft., Schlechter, 5799! Oudtshoorn Div. ; Olifants River,

Gill! Mossel Bay Div.; Attaquas Kloof, Niven, 12! Humansdorp Div.;

Kromme River, Masson, 55! near Clarkson, 500 ft., Galpin, 3653! Uiten-

hage Div.; Van Stadens Berg, MacOwan, 1034! Holland in Herb: Bolus, 1209!

pitas f h The white-

i ies is si variable in respect of its anther. e whi

iverch bnesta Setaele Berg has usually the curious single basal free

tooth. The red-flowered forms from the stations further west are occasionally

either quite muticous, or with the single basal tooth adnate to the filament,

or with two very minute teeth upon the cell, distant from the filament and some-

times hardly visible. They are constant m being very obtuse and scaberulous

on the front margin. mc

166 ERIcACEEy (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

221. E. drakensbergensis (Guthrie & Bolus); erect, usually

1-2 ft., sometimes 3 ft. high ; branches erect or spreading, pallid,

puberulous; leaves 3—4-nate, often varying on the same plant, mostly

erect and imbricate, or sometimes shorter than the internodes, more

rarely spreading, linear, semiterete, glabrous, pallid, 1-2 lin. long ;

flowers 3-4—6-nate; pedicels straight or decurved, puberulous,

1-2 lin. long; bracts linear, remote, small ; sepals ovate to lanceo-

late, keel-tipped, acute or obtuse, ciliate, subscarious or subfoliaceous,

mostly glabrous, sometimes pubescent, 1—% lin. long; eorolla sub-

urceolate-eyathiform, not (or very slightly) constricted at the throat,

glabrous, white, 11-2 lin. long, 3—1 lin. wide ; segments broad, ereet,

sometimes erosulate, about + the length of the tube; filaments

straight; anthers subexserted, rarely exserted, sublateral, dorsitixed

very close to, but above, the base, obliquely oblong or narrow-

elliptical, sparsely ciliate on the front margins, 2-1 lin. long;

aristate ; pore about 3 the length of the cell; awns curved, subulate,

acuminate, ciliate, 1—2 the length of the cell; style exserted, some-

times decurved ; stigma peltate-capitate ; ovary glabrous.

Katauari REGIonN: Transvaal; widely distributed in the eastern part of

the colony, Bolus, 7677! Roe in Herb. Bolus, 2643! 3136! Schlechter, 4115!

Wilms, 902! 905! 910! 911! 912! Nelson, 362! Rehmann, 6573! 6621!

Wood, 1639! Galpin, 453! Thode, 66!

Eastern ReGion, from 2000 to 6000 ft.: Griqualand Hast; Pumagwan

Mountain, 3000 ft., Tyson, 2976! Natal; near Richmond, Wood, 1857!

Little Noods Berg, Wood, 4125! and without precise locality, Gerrard,

1777!

This species is perhaps best placed in this section (as first suggested to us by

Mr. N. K, Brown of Kew), as an ally of both the preceding species and of E.

decipiens, Spreng., while quite distinct from either. The number of leaves in

the whorl is very variable, some plants exhibiting only 3-nate, others ouly 4-nate

leaves, others with both forms.

222. E. decipiens (Spreng. fil. Tent. Suppl. Syst. Veg. 13);

erect, 1-1} ft. high; branches straggling or virgate, cano-pubescent ;

leaves 3-nate, erect to spreading, linear, blunt, suleate, glabrous,

glossy, 2—3 lin. long ; flowers 3-nate ; pedicels 3—1 lin. long; sepals

narrow-lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, glabrous, subscarious, 2-1 lin.

long; corolla at first narrow-cyatbiform, ultimately ovoid-subureeo-

late, mouth slightly contracted, glabrous, white (or rarely pale rosy)

13-1} lin. long ; segments erect, 4-1 the length of the tube ; anthers

exserted or subexserted, lateral, narrow-oblong, acute, % lin. long,

muticous, scaberulous, mostly muticous; pore about 1 the length of

the cell; style exserted, slender; stigma clavate-capitate, lobed,

large ; ovary cano-pubescent. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 666.

Var. 8, trivialis (Bolus); corolla suburceolate-cyathiform or cyathiform-

campanulate ; anthers broad-oblong or elliptical, very obtuse, generally muti-

cous, 4~4 lin. long. E. trivialis and E. atroviridis, Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 666, ( :

Var. y, tetragona (Bolus); corolla cyathiform, tetragonous, 14 lin. long;

anthers subexserted (? whether mature), oblong, obtuse, 2 lin. Ket aikabess ;

awns about 4 the length of the cell, ns

Erica.| ERICACE® (Guthrie & Bolus). 167

Coast REGION: Uitenhage Div.; without exact locality, Zeyher, 75 (ex

Sprengel), but in Herb, Berlin without a number, stated to be the type! Var. 8:

Uitenhage Div. ; between Galgebosch and Melk River, Burchell, 4783, probably,

and without precise locality, Alevander, 9? Miss Kensit in Herb. Bolus, 6467 |

Port Elizabeth Div. ; near Port Elizabeth, Cooper, 1480! Bolus, 1675!

CentRaL Rxeaqion: Somerset Div.; on the Bosch Berg, 3000 ft., MacOwan,

1231! Div.? Drége, 7799! Var. y: Humansdorp Div.; Clarkson, 900 ft.,

Galpin, 3711!

The type of this species (of which a portion bas been kindly sent us by Prof.

Engler, from Berlin), exhibits an anther so unusually different from the speci-

mens hitherto associated with it, that we have hesitated whether to separate

them or not. Besides, the leaves upon the specimen are clearly 3-nate, though

Sprengel describes them as 4-nate. Finally, the specimen standing alone, and

our material being a fragment merely, we have decided to leave them as they

were, for the present. Further, our var. y (Galpin, 3711), does not well agree

with either the type or var. 8, and may hereafter be separated. x

The species is closely related to E. paniculata, but the inflorescence is usually

less dense, the flowers larger, the anthers more generally muticous; also to E.

demissa. é

223. E. demissa (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 666) ;

erect, much branched, probably under 1 ft. high ; branches puberu-

lous or shortly floccose, glabrescent ; leaves 3-nate, erect to spread-

ing, or sometimes recurved, somewhat crowded, linear to oblong,

subobtuse, sulcate, glabrous, glossy, ciliate, 11-2} lin. long ; flowers

terminal, or by partial abortion of floriferous branchlets sometimes

apparently lateral ; pedicels 1-2 lin. long; bracts two approximate,

or nearly so, third remote and longer, or all subapproximate ; sepals

lanceolate, acute, keeled, rigid and somewhat scarious, glabrous,

about % lin. long ; corolla narrow-cyathiform to subovoid, the mouth

in the latter case contracted, minutely hispidulous, rarely (perhaps

only in age) glabrous, 1-1} lin. long; anthers exserted, lateral,

oblong, subobtuse or acute, a little under or over 2 lin. long,

muticous; pore less than } the length of the cell; style exserted,

stoutish ; stigma peltate-capitate ; ovary puberulous, rarely sub-

glabrous. E. globuliflora, Klotesch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

667.

: nsdorp Div.; near the Gamtoos River, Masson, 58!

bbe Rrcnie Miiste Burokell 4838! Uitenhage Div. ; Van Stadens Moun-

tains, Zeyher, 780! 785! 3224! Burchell, 4709! Albany Div.; near Grahams-

town, Burchell, 3576! Guthrie, 2370!

There are two forms, or perhaps three, of this species so far as we know it.

The two first differ chiefly in ae leaves, the one being broader and somewhat

recurved, the other narrower and suberect. These are connected by Masson's

specimens. The third form is from Grahamstown; the habit is somewhat

different, the branches ternate and more slender, the flowers paler in colour, the

anthers a little longer, and more acute. Guthrie's specimens gathered a the

same month, 78 years after Burchell’s, almost exactly agree with the —

In floral characters very much like E. decipiens, but looks different ; w “4

brauches more rigid; leaves usually longer, stouter, and more glossy : pedice

twice as long.

224, E. paniculata (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 508, not of Wendl, nor

Thunb. nor Lodd.); erect, 1-1} ft. high; branches numerous,

168 ERIcACcEz (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

virgate or fastigiate-paniculate, densely long-pilose or shortly floccose,

covered with abundant corolline or subcorolline flowers, in close

subcylindrical panicles; leaves 3-nate, erect, imbricate or at least

close-set, linear or subulate, sulcate, glabrous, 1-2 lin. long; flowers

sub-3-nate on short branchlets ; pedicels about 1 lin. long; bracts

approximate or subremote, small; sepals lanceolate, keeled, sub-

scarious, glabrous or puberulous, about 2 lin. long; corolla cyathi-

form or obconie-cyathiform, mouth more or less widened, straight,

not curved upwards from the base, about 11 lin. long; segments

generally continuous, about + the length of the tube or more, usually

red, more rarely pallid or white; anthers subexserted or rarely

exserted, lateral, obliquely oblong or subcuneate, or semiovate, about

1 lin. long, aristate; pore about + the length of the cell; awns

variable, sometimes very minute or even wanting, sometimes nearly

2 the length of the cell; style exserted ; stigma broad-capitate,

truncate and often lobed above; ovary mostly glabrous, very rarely

(in only one specimen of many examined), slightly puberulous.

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 690. . milleflora, Berg. Descr. Pl.

Cap. 96. LE. sodalis, Klotzsch ex Benth, l.c. 690.

Coast Rereion : Tulbagh Div.; near Tulbagh, MacOwan, 2442! Paarl Div. ;

near Wellington, Herb. Hugwenot Seminary, 9! Cape Div.; frequent on the

lower mountain slopes near Cape Town, from 200 to 700 ft., Drége, 7781!

Bolus, 2946! 3691! Guthrie, 1174! 1219! Wolley Dod, 176! Stellenbosch

Div., Niven, 1! Lowrys Pass, Guthrie, 2505! Hottentots Holland Mountains,

Mund, 33! Caledon Div.; near Caledon, Bolus, 8498!

225. E. bicolor (Thunb. Diss. Erica, 36); erect, 1-2 ft. high;

branches generally virgate, the upper part laden with numerous

flowers, cano-puberulous; leaves 3-nate, erect-spreading, crowded,

mostly linear, sulcate, puberulous, 1-13 lin. long, more rarely broad-

linear, slightly open-backed and from 13~21 lin. long; flowers

3-nate ; pedicels 1-12 lin. long; bracts remote, small ; sepals broad-

ovate, blunt, keeled, viscid-puberulous or shortly tomentose, folia-

ceous, 3—% lin. long, reaching from 4-3} the height of the corolla;

corolla cyathiform, broad-cyathiform or subcampanulate-cyathiform,

mouth a little widened or sometimes not at all so, the outline always

curved, not tapering direct from the base, glabrous, dull red, 1-14

lin, long; segments erect or slightly spreading, 1-2 the length of

the tube; anthers usually subineluded and manifest, more rarely

subexserted, lateral, curved-oblong, very obtuse, seaberulous, 2 lin.

long; pore 2 the length of cell; awus curved, subulate, ciliolate,

3-8 the length of tke cell; style slender, well-exserted; stigma

capitellate, small; ovary pubescent. Benth. in DO. Prodr. vii. 688 ;

Wendl. Erie. Ie. fase. 21,189, t. 53. E. calathiflora, Salish. in

Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 328. E. concava, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1384?

and Bot. Mag. t. 21491 E. canaliculata, var. minor, Andr.

Heathery, t. 157, and Col. Heaths, t. 158. gs :

Sovrn AFrica: without locality, Mund! and cultivated specimens!

Coast Rxcion, from 800 to 3L00 ft. : Clanwilliam Div.; Krakadouw Pass,

Leipoldt, 214 partly | Tulbagh and Ceres Div.; on the Witsen Berg, Pappe!

Erica.| ERICACEA (Guthrie & Bolus). 169

mountains near Tulbagh, Guthrie, 2734! Mitchells Pass, Bolus, 5298!

Schlechter, 8948! 8962! Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drége! Paarl Div. ;

French Hoek Mountains, Thunberg, Paarl Mountain, Drége. Stellenbosch Div. ;

Lowrys Pass, Bolus, 5558! Caledon Div. ; Zwarte Berg, Schlechter, 5588!

Knysna Div. ; between Knysna and Plettenberg Bay, Cape Govt. Herb.

Generally recognizable by its numerous smull, well-rounded flowers, bowl-—

shaped to t he base, and its slender long-exserted style. The shape of the corolla

is somewhat variable, the limb sometimes not at all spreading, at others dis-

tinctly though shortly spreading. But we have not seen any wild specimens

resembling in this respect those named E. concava, cited above, with very wide-

spreading campanulate corollas and figured from garden specimens. We follow

Bentham in quoting them, though we are uncertain whether this character

be only an effect of cultivation or hybridization, or whether it represents a

distinct species. Schlechter’s 8948 looks like a species of the § Ceramia, but a

careful examination shows it to belong here. This species also connects with the

§ Eurystoma, and does not entirely agree with this group, owing to its usually

half-included stamens. Andrews’ fig. l.c, ¢. 157, represents the plant in its wild

state very well, except that we find the sepals more foliaceous, always greenish

and pubescent. :

226. E. dioteflora (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 342) ; erect,

1-11 ft. high ; branches many, suberect, often flexuous, somewhat

slender, pubescent ; leaves 3-nate, suberect to spreading, not crowded,

slender, linear, subacute, sulcate, glabrous, 2-3 lin, long; flowers

3-nate; pedicels slender, 13-2 lin. long; bracts remote, small;

sepals lanceolate, puberulous, subfoliaceous, coloured, about } lin.

long; corolla from campanulate-cyathiform with the mouth slightly,

or not, contracted, to ovoid-suburceolate with a moderately contracted

mouth, glabrous, minutely pulverulent or impressed-punctate, dry,

rich ruby-red or purple, 14-14 lin. long; segments 5—} the length

of the tube; anthers usually included, about equal to the corolla,

sometimes subexserted, sublateral, attached to the filaments dorsally

at the base, longish oblong, wider at the base, from 4 to 7 times as

long as the width in the middle, over > lin. long, muticous ; pore

11 the length of the cell; style exserted, decurved ; stigma capi-

tate; ovary hispidulous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 667. £.

pistillaris, Soland. ea Salisb. l.c. 342.

Sovrn Arrica: without locality, Masson or Niven, 44! : ;

Coast Rxaron: Caledon Div.; mountains about the Zondereinde River,

near Zoetemelks Vlei, Grisbrook in Herb. Guthrie, 3298 (or 3278) ! and MacOwan

Herb, Aust.-Afr., 1627!

It is closely allied to the §§ Gypsocallis and Ceramia, and might almost be

placed in either. Our specimens show but little variation.

227. E. opulenta (Wendl. ex Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 499 ?);

branches slender, densely clothed with submatted short grey plumose

hairs; leaves 8-nate, erect, imbricate, linear, subobtuse, suleate,

glabrous, about 1 lin. long; flowers numerous, densely clustered ;

pedicels slender, less than 1 lin. long ; bracts, 2 subapproximate,

1 remote, small ; sepals lanceolate, acute, keeled, scarious, glabrous,

coloured, about 3 lin. long; corolla tubular-eampanulate, slightly

widened at the mouth, glabrous, about 1 lin. long; segments about

2 the length of the tube; anthers exserted, lateral, oblong, obtuse,

170 gRIcace® (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

slightly incurved, $ lin. long, aristate ; pore varying from nearly

orbieular 1—1 the length of the cell, to elliptical }—} the length of

5 4

the cell; awns about 3 the length of the cell, recurved ; style

exserted; stigma capitellate; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 667. Microtrema opulentum, Klotzsch, l.c. 499.

SourH AFRICA: without locality, Hesse.

Coast Reeion: George Div.; between Touw River and Kaymans River,

Burchell, 5774! near George, Alexander, 1!

There is a little uncertainty about this species which was made the type of a

new genus by Klotzsch, as having a l-celled, l-ovuled ovary, 6 stamens and

anthers with a minute pore. Bentham noted on Hesse’s ticket in the Berlin

Herb.: ‘‘I have examined 2 flowers,—in one I found 7 stamina and in the other

8; in both 4 cells and 2 ovules in each.” With it he identified Burchell’s 5774.

Possibly Hesse’s plant was variable; we have been able only to see a single

flower of it, in which the ovary was imperfect; it had 7 stamens and though

the anther-pore was unusually small, it was closely connected as regards size with

some of Burchell’s specimens, which are also variable. The species is probably

a true Erica, with somewhat the habit of E. paniculata.

928. E. harveiana (Guthrie & Bolus) ; apparently a small shrub ;

branches slender, densely covered with rather long, straight, squar-

rose simple hairs; leaves 8-nate, very crowded, suberect, imbricate,

slender, linear, subobtuse, flat above, convex and sulcate below,

glabrous, ciliate, shortly aristate-apiculate, 1 lin. long ; flowers

3-nate; pedicels about 4 lin. long; bracts approximate, foliaceous,

minute ; sepals foliaceous, lanceolate, united a little above the base,

glabrous, about 3} lin. long ; corolla broadish cyathiform when young,

mouth neither widened nor contracted, when older becoming some-

what broadly-ovoid with the mouth slightly contracted, glabrous,

about % lin. long; segments broadly deltoid, slightly spreading,

1-1 the length of the tube; anthers exserted, lateral, longitudinally

semilanceolate, subacute, slightly curved at the back, straightish in

front, glabrous, smooth, 2 lin. long, aristate ; pore about 4 as long as

the cell; awns less than 3 as long as the cell, incurved (? always) ;

style exserted, slender, decurved ; stigma capitate, lobed or punctate

above, somewhat large; ovary white-pubescent, 4-celled, cells several-

ovuled.

; oy ren Recon : Uitenhage Div.; on the Van Stadens Mountains, Zeyher,

999. E. parvula (Guthrie & Bolus) ; dwarf, decumbent, 6-12 in.

high ; stem stout and woody, 21-31 lin, in diam. at the base;

branches many, much-spreading, glabrous, red when young ; leaves

3-nate, erect, adpressed, about equalling the internodes, oblong or

elliptical, blunt, sulcate, ciliate, glabrous, glossy, thick, 3—3 lin, long;

flowers 3-nate, not numerous ; pedicels at length deflexed, slender,

under 1 lin. long; bracts remote, small; sepals from ovate to

lanceolate, connate at the base, foliaceous, keeled, about lin. long ;

corolla tubular-campanulate, distinctly widened at the mouth, 1} lin,

long, glabrous, white; segments spreading, rounded, about } the

length of the tube ; anthers subexserted (possibly at length exserted),

Erica. | ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 171

subterminal, longitudinally semiobovate, nearly } lin. long, dark-

coloured, decurrent-aristate at the base; pore 4 the length of the

cell; awns rough, with only a short free tooth-like point; style

exserted, slender, straight ; stigma small, capitellate or subsimple ;

ovary glabrous.

Coast Recion: Stellenbosch Div. ; on a rock near the mouth of the Steen-

brass River, 20-30 ft. above the sea, Guthrie, 3710!

230. E. unilateralis (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 667) ;

erect, 6-12 in. high; branches puberulous, slender, straight or

flexuous; leaves 3-nate, erect-spreading, linear, keeled, suleate,

glabrous, 2-22 lin. long ; flowers 3-nate (rarely 4-nate?) ; pedicels

puberulous, about 2 lin. long; bracts approximate or sometimes

subremote, subscarious, small ; sepals obovate or ovate, acute, keeled,

glabrous, scarious, 3—{ lin. long; corolla variable, subtubular,

tubular-campanulate and not contracted or widened at the mouth,

suburceolate and slightly contracted in the throat, or subovoid and

more contracted at the mouth, glabrous, dry, 1-2 lin. long;

segments erect, }—} the length of the tube; anthers subexserted,

subterminal or sometimes sublateral, linear-clavate, obtuse, about

2 lin. long, decurrent-aristate ; pore about 1 the length of the cell;

awns very narrow, dark-coloured, connate with the filament for a

length somewhat greater than that of the cells and terminating in

short spreading free points; style exserted, slender; stigma sub-

simple ; ovary puberulous.

Coast Region: Uitenhage Div.; Van Stadens Mountains, Zeyher, 791!

8192! Albany Div.; on the rocks in Zwartwater Poort, north of the Zuurberg

Range, Burchell, 3376! 3422!

There has been some confusion in herbaria between this species and Z.

inconspicua, Bartl., of which we have not seen a type specimen, and place

amongst the imperfectly known species.

231. E. brachysepala (Guthrie & Bolus); erect, of stunted ap-

pearanee, 6-8 in. high ; branchlets flexuous, rigid, roughly pubescent,

or glabrescent ; leaves 3-nate, erect, often adpressed, subimbricate or

sometimes not exceeding the internodes, from linear to oblong or

elliptical, blunt, sulcate, glabrous, distantly gland-ciliate, thick,

$—]1 lin. long; flowers 3-nate, or in clusters of 5-6 ; pedicels viscous-

pubescent, }—1 lin. long; bracts from subapproximate to subremote,

small; sepals like the bracts and leaves, oblong, thick, obtuse,

glandular, subviscid, 3-5 lin. long ; corolla cyathiform or broad-

cyathiform-campanulate, mouth widened or not contracted, glabrous,

subviseid, dull-yellow or rosy, 1-14 lin. long; segments erect or

slightly spreading, broadly rounded, about 3 the length of the tube ;

anthers well-exserted, lateral, dorsifixed just above the base, oblong,

obtuse, from a little over 5 to nearly } lin. long, muticous ; pore

2 the length of the eell, style exserted, slender, unusually straight

(in this group); stigma subpeltate-capitate ; ovary glabrous.

Coast Recon: Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek, 2000 ft., Schlechter, 7789!

Hemel-en-Aarde, 1500 ft., Schlechter, 16377 !

172 ERIcACExX (Guthrie & Bolus). [Prica,

A distinct species, although it is difficult of location. In general appearance

and in its small inconspicuous dull-coloured flowers, it resembles species of the

§ Arsace, but is separated by the exserted anthers. It approaches E. demissa, but

is smaller and more slender in habit and the corolla and sepals are quite different.

There appear to be two forms: one, with yellowish flowers, and paler and

shorter anthers, is Schlechter’s 10377 ; the other, with rosy flowers, darker and

longer anthers, is his 7789.

232. E. kraussiana (Klotzsch in Walp. Rep. ii. 728) ; branches

everywhere plumose-puberulous ; leaves 3-nate, short, thick, glabrous,

densely imbricate, evanescent, plumose-denticulate on the margin ;

bracts approximate, lanceolate; sepals lanceolate, lilac, glabrous,

shortly ciliate; corolla oblong-globose, small, contraeted at the

throat ; limb very short, straight; anthers exserted, muticous; style

exserted ; ovary glabrous,

Coast Recaion: Caledon Div.; mountain-sides near Genadendal, 1000-

2000 ft., Krauss, 957 !

Section XVIII. OROPHANES. (Sp. 233-259.)

233. E. pilulifera (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 355); erect, virgate,

1-1} ft. high, simple and naked below, branched and leafy above,

surmounted by umbels of red flowers ; branches slender, channelled,

glabrous ; leaves 4-nate (or sometimes 3-nate ?) or scattered, crowded,

suberect, linear, subacute, sulcate, pubescent, glabrescent, ciliate on

the edge and on the folds at the meeting of the margins, 21—4 lin.

long; flowers 4-nate or more commonly umbellate with a few axillary

immediately below the umbel ; pedicels glabrous, 3-31 lin. long;

bracts 2, remote, linear, scarious, over 1 lin. long (the third appears

to be wanting) ; sepals lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,

keeled, scarious, glabrous, red, 14-12 lin. long; corolla suburceo-

late-cyathiform, very little constricted at the throat or widened at

the mouth, about 2} lin. long; segments erect or subspreading,

4-3 the length of the tube; anthers included, oblong-cuneate,

smooth, glabrous, Jess than } lin. long, aristate; pore about 2 the

length of the cell; awns minutely ciliolate, about equal to the cell;

style included ; stigma capitate; ovary glabrous. EH. nudicaulis,

Berg. Descr. Pl. Cap. 113. . piluliformis, Salisb. in Trans.

Linn. Soc. vi. 378. E. umica, Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 188. ZL.

pedunculata, Andr. Heathery, t. 229, and Col. Heaths, t. 252.

LE. pilulaformis, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii, 680.

SoutH AFRica: without locality, Rowburgh! Bowie! Miller! Herb. Salis-

bury / and cultivated specimens !

Coast Rxreion: Cape Div. ; moist or marshy places on the Lower Plateau of

Table Mountain, about 2500 ft., Niven, 221! Zeyher, 5003! Bolus, 37121

Wolley Dod, 138721 mountains between Cape Town and False Bay, Thunberg.

234. E. subulata (Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 20, 123, t. 47); erect,

rigid, much branched, 1-21 ft. high; branches puberulous, with

long hairs sparsely intermixed; leaves ereet or spreading, always

Hrica.] Ericace® (Guthrie & Bolus). 1738

rigidly curved, linear, acuminate, subpungent, sulcate, pallid,

glabrous, 4—7 lin. long; flowers usually 4-nate, sometimes clustered

on short branchlets in heads 3 in. in diam.; pedicels about 1} lin.

long; bracts approximate, linear, tapering into a long bristle,

nearly 14 lin. long; sepals linear from a broad scarious somewhat

toothed base, and tapering upwards into a longer and finer bristle

than that of the bracts, 13—2 lin. long; eorolla tubular-suburceolate,

slightly asymmetrical, nearly equal at the mouth, more orless pale rosy,

2-21 lin. long; limb short, ereet or very little spreading; filaments

bent below the anther; anthers included, oblong, obtuse, scabrid on

the margins, 3-31 times longer than the width at the middle, about

2 lin. long, aristate; pore 2 the length of the cell ; awns setaceous,

smooth, about 1 the length of the cell; style exserted; stigma

capitate; ovary elongate, glabrous, Benth. in DOC, Prodr. vii.

675.

Coast Reeron, at 1300-3250 ft.: Tulbagh Div.; on the Witsen Berg, near

Tulbagh, Burchell, 8666! Ceres Div. ; rocky places at the foot of the mountains

near Ceres, Bolus, 67261! Guthrie, 3177! Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drége !

Marloth, 603! Puarl Div. ; hills near the Berg River, Drége.

235. E. scabriuscula (Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 517); erect, virgate,

with many ascending, densely glandular-hispid branches, 2-3 ft.

high; leaves spreading or squarrose, crowded, linear, margins

revolute, just touching, or oblong or narrow-linear and more or less

open-backed, obtuse, somewhat thickly glandular-hispid, dark green,

1-2 lin. long; flowers 4-nate, sometimes clustered ; pedicels

sparsely hairy, 2-2} lin. long; bracts subremote to remote, small ;

sepals oblong or lanceolate, obtuse, tipped with a greenish-keel,

subsearious, coloured, pubescent, about 1 lin. long; corolla ovoid-

urceolate, throat more or less (but not much) constricted, pale rosy,

about 2 lin. long; segments short, erect or very slightly spreading ;

filaments bent below the anther; anthers ineluded, rarely just

manifest, subcuneate or longitudinally subsemiovate, rounded or

somewhat narrowed at the apex, cells minutely papillose, ciliate on

the front margin, 2 lin. long, aristate ; pore 2 the length of the eell ;

awns straightish, deflexed or spreading, ciliolate, about equal to the

cell; style exserted; stigma capitate ; ovary hispid, chiefly at or

towards the apex. Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 372? not of

Drége’s Exsicc.; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 678.

Sourn ArFrica: without locality, Mund! and cultivated specimens !

Coast REGION, between 200 and 1200 ft.: George Div. ; between Touw

River and Kaymans River, Burchell, 5773! Barbiers Kraal, Niven, 46! near

George, Burchell, 5995 ! Schlechter, 2242! 5772! Bolus, 8670! Montagu Pass,

Y in. Herb. Bolus, 5525! Knysna Div. ; near Knysna, Tyson in MacOwan

y Bolus, Herb. ‘Norm. keke 995! Humansdorp Div.; Storms River,

Schlechter, 5960!

236. E. gibbosa (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 678) ;

ereet, reaching 5 ft. high; branches puberulous and also beset with

glandular-setulose squarrose hairs ; leaves spreading to squarrose,

174 ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

linear-oblong, obtuse, thick, sulcate or subopen-backed, hispid with

eoarse shortish tubercle-based, frequently gland-tipped hairs, 1-1}

lin. long; flowers 4-nate; pedicels glabrous, 1 lin. long; bracts 2

approximate, 1 remote, small; sepals ovate or subovate, acute, keel-

tipped, lacerate, subscarious, } lin. Jong; corolla subcyathiform

(when young) to urceolate, mouth equal or slightly widened when

young, contracted after flowering, 1-13 lin. long ; segments erect or

spreading, short ; filaments much bent below the anthers; anthers

included or just manifest, obtusely-cuneate, minutely papillose,

ciliolate, a little over 1 lin. long, aristate; pore 3—% as long as the

cell; awns setaceous, ciliolate, about + the length of the cell;

style exserted ; stigma capitate; ovary hispidulous, chiefly at the

apex.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Mund! Drége, 7785a !

Coast Recion : Oudtshoorn Div.; between Oudtshoorn and Zwartberg Pass,

Kolbe in Herb. Bolus! George Div. ; near the west end of Lange Vlei, Burchel/,

5698! near George, 600 ft., Schlechter, 5861! Knysna Div.; between Knysna

River Ford and Goukamma River, Burchell, 5560! near Forest Hall, Miss

ee 68! Humansdorp Div.; near Storms River, 600 ft., Galpin,

237. E. bergiana (Linn. Diss. de Erica, n. 6); erect, 1-3 ft.

high; branches mostly virgate, hirsute ; leaves generally spreading,

linear, obtuse, sulcate, or subopen-backed, rough with tubercle-

based hairs, or sometimes smooth and subglabrous, ciliate, 14-3

lin. long; flowers 4-nate ; pedicels pubescent, red, 13-3 lin. long;

bracts remote, small; sepals from a broad ovate scarious lacerate ciliate

base, tapering into a shorter or longer foliaceous green cusp, 3-14 lin.

long ; corolla urceolate-globose, or in smaller specimens subovoid, red,

13-31 lin. long ; segments erect or slightly spreading, ovate to semi-

orbicular, imbricate at the base, 1-1 as long as the tube; anthers

included, dorsifixed mostly rather high above the base, subovate, very

obtusely rounded at the top, smoothish, ciliate or naked, 1 to nearly

1 lin. long, cristate or subaristate, the appendage broad-lanceolate,

lacerate or subulate and fringed ; pore 2—1 as long as the cell; style

included or slightly exserted ; stigma capitate ; ovary on a broad disk,

glabrous. Amen, Acad. viii. 55; Mant. Alt. 235; Wendl. Eric. Ic.

fase. 2, 29; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 9389 ; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 662 ;

var. glabra, Wendl. l.c. fase. 24, 189, t. 72. E. lacuneflora, Salish.

Prodr. 297, and in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 377. E. quadriflvra,

Andr. Heathery, t. 41, and Col. Heaths, t. 125. E. florida,

Thunb. Diss. Erica, 40. E. campylophylla, Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii.

190? LE. turrigera, Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 377. E.

cupressina, Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 7. E. incurva, Andr.

Col. Heaths, ili. t. 175, and Heathery, t. 169. EH. quadrifolia,

Pritz. Ic. Ind. i. 421. . nitens, Lee ex Steud. Nomenel: ed. 2, i.

576?

Soutu Argica: without locality, Thunberg, Herb. Salisbury ! and cultivated

specimens ! :

Coast Reeion, 1000-4000 ft.: Clanwilliam Div.; Ezelsbank, Drége, 7769!

Brica.] gricace® (Guthrie & Bolus). 175

Pakhuis Berg, Schlechter, 10815! Tulbagh Div.; Roode Zand, Thunberg;

Tulbagh Kloof, Zeyher, 1097! Guthrie, 2187! Drége; Tulbagh Waterfull,

Niven, 23! Mitchells Pass, Bolus, 5176! Nelson, 34! Worcester Div. ; Dutoirs

Peak, Marloth, 2413! Dutoits Kloof, Drége. Paarl Div.; French Hoek,

MacOwan Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 935! Stellenbosch Div.; Jonkers Hoek,

Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4957! Caledon Div.; mountains near Zoetemelks

Vlei, Grisbrook in Herb. Guthrie, 3296! Zeyher, 3218! Zwart Berg,

Pappe!

This species is easily recognized from all others in this section by its reflexed

sepals, These specimens, which we have carefully examined, appear to show

a gradation of difference in almost every organ, which renders even a distinction

of varieties with constant characters, apparently impossible.

238. E. aspalathifolia (Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soc, xxiv. 182) ;

diffuse, sometimes weak-growing, with a few long subsimple erect or

subdecurrent branches, 12-18 in. long, and a few short branchlets

above, more or less setulose in all parts ; leaves 3—4-nate or scattered,

spreading or squarrose, crowded, very narrow-linear, acute, flattish

and faintly suleate below, ciliate with long white hairs, minutely

puberulous, 1-1} lin. long; flowers 3-4-nate, crowded on very

short close branchlets and forming a dense pseudo-spike 6-8 in.

long, 1 in. in diam., sometimes (in poorly grown specimens) 3—4

flowers simply terminal; pedicels puberulous, 4-1 lin. long; bracts

subapproximate, foliaceous, 1 lin. long; sepals linear, acute, folia-

ceous, long-ciliate, 3-1 lin. long ; corolla subampullaceous-tubular

(somewhat inflated below) to tubular, sometimes gradually tapering

to the apex, sometimes nearly equal and little or not at all contracted

at the mouth, of thin texture, white (Wood), mostly 24-25 lin.

long ; segments erect, rounded, 5-4 the length of the tube ; filaments

only slightly curved below the anther; anthers included, broad-

cuneate-oblong, widely rounded at the apex, scaberulous, { lin. long,

aristate; pore about } the length of the cell ; awns capillary, + the

length of the cell; style included, slender; stigma capitellate ;

ovary hispidulous, chiefly on or towards the apex.

Van. 8, Bachmannii (Bolus) ; sepals lanceolate, ~ lin. long ; corolla tubular

or subelavate-tubular, 5 lin. Jong; anthers nearly 3 lin. long, inserted on the

filament higher above the base of the cell.

Eastern Reoion: Eastern Pondoland; Egossa Forest, Sim, 2454! Natal,

1000-4000 ft., Inanda, Wood, 693! 7519! damp stony places on Great and

Little Noods Berg, ft., Wood, 911! Var. B: ‘Pondeland ; probably

near the mouth of St. Johns River, g00-1600 ft., Bachmann, 359! (Herb.

Berlin). awe : 4

isti ies, with the aspect of plants 0 ermes, from whic

it paphecbeceg es its strictly sein PL Wvod’s 693 appears to be

a short-stamened form of the species.

939, BE. adequata (Tausch in Flora, 1839, 634); branchlets

slender, subglabrous or minutely hispidulous; leaves spreading,

narrow-linear, subobtuse, faintly sulcate, glabrous, remotely and

shortly ciliolate, 14 lin. long; flowers terminal, (“ and also lateral ”

Tausch), sub-4-nate, cernuous ; pedicels slender, straight, puberu-

lous, over 1 lin, long ; bracts narrow-linear, upper subremote, small,

176 ericace® (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

lower median; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, keeled, scarious-edged,

and sparsely subdenticulate, 1 lin. long; corolla obconic (“ campanu-

late,” Tausch), widened at the mouth, 1} lin. long; segments erect,

continuous, less than 2 the length of tube; filaments not very

slender, straight; anthers subexserted, cuneate-oblong, straight,

glabrous, 2 lin. long, cristate-aristate at the base ; pore 2 the lengrh

of the cell; awns subulate, curved, denticulate or slightly lobed,

fringed, less than 4 the length of the cell; style straight, tapering

upwards, about equalling the anthers; stigma simple; ovary thinly

hispidulous. LZ. flexicaulis, Hort. ex Tausch, l.c., not of Dryander.

Sout ArFrica: without locality, cultivated specimens !

We insert this species with some hesitation, but having seen and dissected

Tausch’s type (by the courtesy of the authorities of the Royal Bot. Inst. of

the Univ. of Prague), it gives us the impression of being a good and distinct

species. The anthers are only very little exserted, or for about half their

length.

240. E. rubens (Thunb. Diss. Erica, 49, not of others); erect,

almost entirely glabrous, about 1 ft. high; branches numerous,

slender, reddish, glabrescent; leaves erect or suberect, imbricate

below or on the upper branchlets, often shorter than the internodes,

linear or narrow-oblong, acute, sulcate, the uppermost sometimes

pubescent, about 2 lin. long; flowers terminal, 3-nate or umbellate,

3—6-flowered, at length usually cernuous ; pedicels slender, glabrous,

crimson, 3-7 lin. long; bracts remote, slender, linear, adpressed ;

sepals lanceolate, sulcate, glossy, dark red, about 1 lin. long;

corolla urceolate-ovoid to urceolate-globose, mouth much contracted,

bright red, 23-3} lin. long; segments very short, suberect or con-

nivent; filaments bent ; anthers included, cuneate-oblong, thinly

hairy chiefly at the base, about } lin. long; pore §—% the length of

the cell; connective produced backwards at a right angle near the

base and carrying a broad pale lacerated papery crest, winged

laterally, with a linear terminal lobe, the whole about as long as the

cell; style included; stigma capitellate, very small; ovary obovate,

on a distinct stipe + lin. or more long. . peduncularis, Salisb.

in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 329; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 676.

Soutu ArFrica: without locality, Thunberg!

Coast Rea@ion : Clanwilliam Div.; on the Cederberg Range, Shaw in Herb.

Bolus, 56651! Honig Valei, near Krakadouw, Leipoldt, 1386! 208! MacOwan,

Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1917!

CxzNnTRAL REGIoN : Ceres Div.; mountains in the Cold Bokkeveld, Masson !

Of this species we have seen Thunberg’s type and also poor specimens of

Masson’s in the British Museum. These were almost certainly Salisbury’s types

of his BE. peduncularis, and the latter quotes Thunberg’s E. rubens as a synonym.

As to the specimens marked a and 8 in Thunberg’s herbarium this is confirmed by

Rach; and the species is indeed so distinctly marked that the descriptions alone

would have sufficed. Our other specimens agree well, and the only variable

character is the length of the pedicel.

241. E. leta (Bartl. in Linnwa, vii. 648) ; a glabrous erect shrub,

6-12 in. or more high ; leaves mostly erect, imbricate, linear, acute,

Erica.] ERICACEa (Guthrie & Bolus). 177

sulcate, keeled, 2-3} lin, long; flowers 4-nate, or shortly umbellate ;

pedicels slender, 2-4 lin. long; bracts remote; sepals subulate, or

linear-acuminate from a wide base, or lanceolate-acuminate, keel-

tipped, 1-1} lin. long; corolla urceolate to ovoid-urceolate, mouth

more or less contracted, sometimes subtetragonous, usually bright

red, 2-2} (rarely 3) lin. long; limb erect, 1—1 the length of the

tube; anthers included, oblong, obtuse, naked on the margins,

$ lin. long; pore }-% the length of the cell; connective produced

backwards at a right angle from above the base of the cells, bearing

a broadish ovate or subfalcate-ovate, acute, serrulate, but not

fimbriate, white, papery crest, as long as or longer than the eells;

style included or shortly exserted ; stigma capitate ; ovary sessile,

glabrous, smooth or seabrid.

Var. 8, incisa (Bolus) ; habit and leaves somewhat stouter, corolla somewhat

larger than in the type; crests of the anthers more or less deeply inciso-lobulate.

E. rubens, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 676; Andr. Heathery, t. 48? and Col.

Heaths, t. 127? Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 15, 43, t. 17, not of Thunb. nor of

others.

Coast Reeion, between 200 and 3000 ft.: Stellenbosch Div.; between

Gordons Bay and Hanglip, Guthrie, 3723! Caledon Div.; sandy places between

Great Houw Hoek and Bot River, Zeyher, 3228! Klein River Mountains,

Zeyher, 3232! Vogel Gat, Schlechter, 10413! Var. 8, Cape Div.; Simons Bay,

Niven, 16! Muizenberg Mountain, Bolus, 4474! near Simons Town, MacOwan,

2285! on the Steen Berg, Fair! Smitswinkel Viey, Wolley Dod, 792! Klaver

Vley, Wolley Dod, 805!

Our variety 8 is based upon Niven’s 16, which served as the plant for

Bentham’s description of E. rubens, Andr. (not of Thunb.). But there is very

little difference between the two, as Bentham himself observed, and amongst

humerous specimens we have sought in vain for any distinctive characters of

specific value.

242, E. turbiniflora (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 377); erect,

glabrous, about 1 ft. high ; branches corymbose, channelled, reddish ;

leaves erect or subereet, imbricate, narrow-linear, acute, round-

backed, faintly sulcate, 3-4 lin. long ; flowers 4-nate, sometimes

clustered ; pedicels slender, 1-2 lin. long; bracts subapproximate

to subremote, rather long, linear; sepals narrow-linear, sometimes

with a short broad searious-margined base, 1-2 lin. long, generally

longer than the corolla-tube ; corolla broad-eyathiform ; tube turbi-

nate, 4-angled (8-angled, Salisbury) or 8-nerved, mouth widened,

red, about 11 lin. long ; segments erect, about $ the length of the

tube; anthers included, oblong, very obtuse, membranous, smooth,

pallid, 1 lin. long; pore about § the length of the cell; connective

produced at the base backwards at nearly a right angle to the cell,

and bearing faleate-lanceolate crests, which are free for the greater

part of their length; style subincluded, usually just equal to the

corolla ; stigma capitate; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii,

GiBe 5... :

Var. 8, aristata (Bolus) ; anthers aristate ; awns nearly as long as the cells,

decurrent along the connective for the greater part of their length.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Niven, 77! Roeburgh! Herb. Salisbury /

‘VOL. 1V.— SECT. I. eee N

178 ERIcAcERe (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

Coast Recion : Var. 8: Stellenbosch Div. ; by the foot-path from Gordons

Bay towards Cape Hanglip, 200 ft., Guthrie, 3723b !

243. E. viridipurpurea (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 353); erect, grace-

ful, not much spreading, 1-2 ft. high ; branches subvirgate, pubes-

cent; leaves more or less erect or ineurved, imbricate, linear, round-

backed, ciliate or naked, glabrous, 1-2 lin. long; flowers 4-nate,

often clustered; pedicels about 1 lin. long; bracts remote, very

small; sepals ovate-lanceolate, keel-tipped, ciliate or naked, usually

rosy, 1% lin. long; corolla obeonic-campanulate, slightly widened

at the mouth, red, 1-12 lin. long; segments slightly spreading,

_nearly equal to the tube, with the interstices rounded at the base,

open and obvious in bud; anthers almost exactly those of £.

cyathiformis, but slightly larger (.018 in. long); style ineluded ;

stigma peltate-capitate; ovary glabrous. E. mauritanica, Linn.

Syst. ed. 10, 1002, Diss. Erica, n. 9, with fig. of fl.. and Amen.

Acad. viii. 59, n. 9. E. pelviformis, Salish, Prodr. 298, and im

Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 376. E. persoluta, Curt. Bot. Mag. t. 342, —

and Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 14, 27, not of Linn. LE. regerminans,

Andr. Heathery, t. 235, and Col. Heaths, t. 265, not of Linn. £.

leucantha, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 792. E. virescens, Thunb. Diss.

eee 37? EL multumbellifera, Hort. ea Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Drége, 7760! Herb. Salisbury! and culti-

vated specimens !

Coast RxGion, from 100-2800 ft.: Worcester Div., Cooper, 1596! Cape

Div. ; common on the mountains and Flats around Cape Town, Burchell, 85641!

Bolus, 1203! 2956! Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 758! Wolley Dod, 175! Caledon

Diy.; mountains of Klein River Kloof, Zeyher, 3260!

244. E. sitiens (Klotzsch in Linnma, xii. 505); erect, 1-2 ft.

high; branches stout, ascending, subvirgate, pubescent or puberulous ;

leaves generally erect, straight and imbricate, sometimes flexuous or

squarrose-patent, linear, acute, keeled or round-backed, ciliate or

naked, glabrous, 11-4 lin. long; flowers 4-nate, or oecasionally

3-nate or solitary; pedicels about 1 lin. long; bracts remote or sub-

approximate, small; sepals lanceolate, acute or acuminate, with a

long tapering point, keeled, subscarious, glabrous, 1-2 lin. long ;

corolla most commonly oblong-urceolate, asymmetrically inflated in

the middle, constricted at the throat and distinetly oblique at the

mouth, sometimes varying to shortly tubular with nearly equal

sides and but little constricted or oblique, white to red, limb when

red often white-edged, 3-4 lin. long; segments short, usually

spreading; filaments bent below the anther; anthers included,

broadly euneate but with a more or less rounded apex, in some

examples nearly as broad as long, in others longer, rough with small

papille, about 2 lin. long, cristate-aristate ; pore about 3 the length

of the cell; appendages subulate, entire or occasionally lobed,

closely ciliate, spreading, about 2~% the length of the eell; style

included; stigma capitate; ovary generally turbinate, glabrous.

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 677.

Erica.] ERICACEZ (Guthrie & Bolus). 179

Coast REaGron, between 1000 and 3000 ft.: Stellenbos i

e oe ch Div.; Lowrys Pass

pos onhat 7226! Galpin, 4940! Caledon Div. ; mountains near *Palmict River,

: eyher! Guthrie in MacOwan Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1722 | Schlechter, 7453! Bolus,

175! mountains near the mouth of Bot River, Bolus, 8490!

245. E. Blandfordia (Andr. Heathery, t. 154); branches stout,

erect, puberulous, 10 in. or more long; leaves mostly squarrose or

spreading, the uppermost only suberect, narrow-linear, acute, keeled,

glabrous, about 2 lin. long; flowers 4-nate to solitary; pedicels

glabrous, under 1 lin. long; bracts remote (subbasal), small; sepals

ovate, shortly acuminate, strongly keeled the whole length, scarious,

glabrous, 11 lin. long; corolla broad-urceolate, yellow, 3}-4 lin.

long ; throat slightly constricted; tube symmetrically or sometimes

somewhat asymmetrically inflated and the mouth then somewhat

oblique ; segments short, rounded, spreading ; filaments slightly

bent below the anther; anthers included, longitudinally semiovate,

the posterior margin straightish, obtuse, rough with small papille

and ciliolate on the margin, about 3 lin. long, aristate ; pore about

2 the length of the cell; awns nearly setaceous, spreading, smooth

or minutely ciliolate, about 2 the length of the cell; style included ;

stigma capitate; ovary glabrous. Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 153. E.

blanfordiana, Sims in Bot. Mag. t. 1793; Lodd, Bot. Cab. t. 115;

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 648.

Coast Region: Worcester Div.; near Breede River, Niven, 268! Bains

Kloof, 2000 ft., Miss Cummings in Herb. Bolus, 5854!

246. E. lateralis (Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 380); erect, 1; ft. or more

high ; branches stout, pubescent; leaves from erect to spreading,

usually incurved, linear, subacute, stout, keeled or obscurely sulcate,

ciliolate or naked, glabrous or rarely slightly puberulous, glossy,

2-4 lin. long; flowers terminal, 4-nate, sometimes umbellate, some-

times pseudo-racemose; pedicels 1}-4 lin. long; bracts remote,

small; sepals lanceolate to ovate, subacute, glabrous and glossy, or

puberulous, keeled, scarious-edged, ciliate, mostly deeply-coloured,

1-11 lin. long; corolla urceolate, ovoid-urceolate or suburceolate-

eyathiform, more or less (sometimes only very slightly) contracted

at the throat, rosy, 2-3 lin. long ; segments small, erect, or slightly

spreading; anthers included, more rarely just manifest, oblong,

subobtuse, dark-coloured, }—3 lin. long, crested shortly above the

of the cell; crests lanceolate or

base; pore about 3 the length

ovate, lacerate, lobed or serrulate, }—$ the length of the cells, rosy ;

style exserted ; stigma capitate ; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 676; Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 30, and Heathery, t. 71.

E. gutteflora, Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 374. EH. incarnata,

Andr. Heathery, t. 1682 and Col. Heaths, t. 28; Lodd. Bot.

Cab. t. 1655% not of Thunb. E. rubens, var. humilis, Wendl. Eric.

Ic. fase. 3, 18, not of Thunb. E. peduneulata, Wendl. l.c. fase.

23, 173, t. 66% not of Andr. LE. pendula, Lodd. lc. t. 9021 #.

nutans, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iit. oe E. arbuscula, Lodd. l.c.

180 ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

t. 8432 E.-.Fibula, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 368 (fide

Benth.).

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated spect-

mens !

Coast Reeton, between 1000 and 4000 ft.: Tulbagh Div.; Mitchells Pass,

MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 37! Bolus, 5354! Ceres Div.; near Ceres,

Guthrie, 2286b! Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drége, 7763! Paarl Div. ;

French Hoek Mountains, Schlechter, 10270! Caledon Div.; Palmiet River,

Guthrie, 3872! Houw Hoek Mountains, Zeyher, 3207! mountains near Gena-

dendal, Burchell, 7714! 7756! Bolus, 5423!

247. E. verecunda (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 379) ;

erect, reaching 3-5 ft. high; branches ascending, cano-puberulous,

glabrescent ; leaves erect, incurved-erect or spreading, imbricate,

linear, rather blunt, suleate, glabrous, 2-8 lin. long; flowers in

many-flowered umbels, sometimes shortly pedicelled and appear-

ing subcapitate or subspicate, usually cernuous at maturity ; pedicels

pubescent, crimson, 2—4 lin. long ; bracts small and quite remote,

or two small and approximate, one median, long and foliaceous ;

sepals ovate, acute, sulcate, ciliate, about } lin. long, or lanceolate,

acuminate and about 1 lin. long; corolla ovoid-ureeolate, mouth

contracted, 13-3 lin. long; segments erect or spreading, white or

very pale rose; anthers ineluded, cuneate, subacute from 2 to nearly

% lin. long, crested ; pore about % the length of the cell ; crests

ample, lobed and erosulate at the base, linear above, white, sub-

diaphanous, about equalling the cell in length; style slightly

exserted or just manifest ; stigma capitate; ovary glabrous. Benth.

in DQ. Prodr. vii. 676. E. cernua, Andr. Heathery, t. 9, and

Col. Heaths, t=. 12; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 822, not of Linn. f.; var.

lanceolata, Wendl. Eric. Ic, fasc. 8,13, EH. ignorata, Klotzsch ex

Benth. l.c. 676. é

South Arrica: without locality, Drége! Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated

specimens ! :

Coast Region: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; by rivulets on Wind Hoek Mountain,

Niven, 21! 22! Clanwilliam Div., Mader in Herb. MacOwan, 2184! Leipoldt,

133! Cederberg Range at Pakhuis Pass, 2300 ft., Schlechter, 8607! Bolus,

8682! Marloth, 2639! 2691! Div. ? Pinaars Kloof, Burke /

: Pca ome Recion: Ceres Div.; Gydouw Mountain, 6000 ft., Schlechter,

The occasional closeness of the inflorescence is sometimes misleading.

Schlechter’s 10221 is a smaller-flowered form from a much higher elevation. ©

The three figures cited are all good, but being from garden plants they are better

grown than wild specimens.

248. E. tenella (Andr. Heathery, t. 94); ereet, 1-11 ft. or more

high, generally more slender than any of the four preceding species;

branches ascending, grey-pubescent ; leaves erect or spreading, linear,

acute or subobtuse, keeled, glabrous or sparsely hairy and becoming

so, mostly about 2 lin. long ; flowers crowded on short branchlets at

the ends of the branches, mostly forming a pseudo-raceme; pedicels —

puberulous, red, 1-2 lin. long; bracts remote, small; sepals mostly

Frica.] ERICACE® (Guthrie & Bolus). 181

ovate-lanceolate, rarely subovate, acute or acuminate, keeled,

glabrous, glossy, usually dark red, $1 lin. long; corolla ureeolate

or ovoid-urceolate, constricted at the throat, but always somewhat

wide-mouthed, white or pale rose, 2-3 lin. long; segments mostly

rather large and well-spreading, more rarely erect, sometimes darker-

coloured than the tube, from 1—1 the length of the tube; anthers

included, somewhat variable in shape and length, from transversely

semiovate-cuneate to oblong-cuneate, minutely ciliolate on the

margin, the width at the base sometimes equal to the length, some-

times a little narrower, from 1—2 lin. long, erested ; pore 1-2 the

length of the cell; crests always immediately deflexed close to the

cells, subulate to lanceolate, or lanceolate-faleate, finely fimbriate,

mostly entire or slightly lobed or lacerate, }—2 the length of the

cells, rarely even a little longer than them; style mostly included,

rarely subexserted ; stigma capitate; ovary glabrous. <Andr. Col.

Heaths, t. 135; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 22, 155, t. 59; Benth, in

DC. Prodr. vii. 677. Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 3751 E. umbellifera,

Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 25, 13, t. 6. . lactiflora, Lodd. Lc. t. 991.

E. lactea, Lee ex Klotzsch, and E. kennedyana, Klotzsch in Linnea,

xii. 506. E. lasiandra, Klotzsch ex Benth. l.c. 677. E. Sprengelii,

Sweet ex Steud. Nomencl. ed. 2, i. 580.

[E. pulchella, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 379, according to the type

specimen, belongs to this species. —N. EZ. Brown.]

Var. 8, gracilior (Bolus); branches leaves and pedicels more slender ; leaves

mostly spreading or squarrose and more distant; pedicels more spreading ;

bracts minute; anthers as in the type, but the crests often here and there lobed,

as well as finely fringed.

Sourn AFrrica: without locality, cultivated specimens !

Coast Raion, from 300 to 3000 ft. : Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland,

Mulder ! Lowrys Pass, Burchell, 8269! Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek Mountains,

Zeyher, 3207! Bolus, 5858! Guthrie, 2286! Zondereinde River Mountains,

Guthrie, 3280! Onrust River, Schlechter, 10384! mountains near Hermanus,

Guthrie, 4653! Bredasdorp Div.; hills near Elim, Bolus, 67321! Schlechter,

7638! Var. 8: Caledon Div.; mountains near the mouth of the Klein River,

Zeyher, 3229 |

Our variety 6 ‘has a very different look, but the shape and size of the sepals,

corolla and anthers are so similar that we cannot venture to separate it asa

species. We have only Zeyher’s specimen found ‘in shady places,” to which

unusual circumstance its vegetative differences are probably due.

249. E. chionophila (Guthrie & Bolus); erect, 6-7 in. or more

in height ; branches glabrous ; leaves erect-incurved, densely imbri-

cate, linear, subobtuse, sulcate, pubescent, ciliate, 2-2} lin. long;

flowers terminal, 3-nate, on short elustered branchlets; pedicels

red, under 1 lin. long; bracts subapproximate, small, ciliate, red ;

sepals lanceolate, acute, subglabrous, softly ciliate, red, } lin. long ;

corolla subglobose-urceolate, contracted at the throat, glabrous, deep

red, 12 lin. long; segments rounded, erect, $—-{ the length of the

tube; filaments broad; anthers included, obliquely ovate, very

obtuse, between 3—} lin. long, cristate ; pore about } the length of

the cell; crests broad-subulate to cuneate, subentire or lobed, ciliate,

182 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

about 1 the cell in length; style included, short, thickened towards

the apex ; stigma clavate-capitate, large; ovary glabrous.

Coast Rearon: Worcester Diy. ; on Sneeuwkop Mountain, near Bains Kloof,

Marloth in Herb. Bolus, 6497!

A very well-marked species, if its characters are constant ; we have only one

small specimen from the single station cited. It verges towards the Subgenus

Platystoma, and is distinguished in the present section by the combination

of a corolla-limb rather large for this section, with a very small cristate

anther.

250. E. quadrangularis (Salisb. Prodr. 297, not of Andrews) ;

erect, 12-18 in. high; branches mostly much spreading or divari-

cate, rarely subvirgate, puberulous; leaves usually spreading, or

only the younger erect, linear, glabrous, the younger ciliate, $-1} lin.

long; flowers 4-nate; pedicels slender, about 1 lin. long; bracts

remote, minute; sepals ovate or lanceolate-ovate, acute, subsearious,

ciliate or naked, keeled, glabrous, }—% lin. long; corolla generally

broad-cyathiform, more rarely subcampanulate-cyathiform, or the

tube sometimes obeonic (“ poculiform,” Salisbury), mostly widened

at the mouth, sometimes tetragonous, 1-14 lin. long, white to rosy ;

limb erect, variable in shape and length, 1—3 the length of the tube,

the interstices of the limb-segments acute at the base; anthers

included, from obliquely cuneate-oblong, 3 lin. long, in Salisbury’s

type to subtriangular with very rounded angles, } lin. long and

proportionately broader (the front view of the anthers showing 4

greater width than their length), in most other specimens quite

smooth and glabrous, aristate ; pore 3—2 the length of the cell; awns

narrow, rough-edged, but not fringed, about 3 the length of the cell ;

style straight, included; stigma capitellate, mostly small; ovary

glabrous. EH. quadreflora, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 375;

ane 3 DC. Prodr. vii. 679. E. corusca, Lichtenst. ex Benth.

.c. 679.

Sout Arrica: without locality, Rorburgh! Herb. Salisbury !

Coast ReGion, between 150 and 1500 ft. : Clanwilliam Div.; near Clan-

william, Leipoldt, 211! Worcester Div.; Matroos Berg, Marloth / Paarl Div.!

French Hoek, Bolus, 6983! Stellenbosch Div.; Lowrys Pass, Schlechter, 5353 5

Caledon Div. ; near Zoetemelks Vlei, Guthrie, 3285! near Caledon, Bolus,

6749 ! Schlechter, 5604! Bredasdorp Div.; near Elim, Bolus, 6734! Swellendam

Div. ; Zuurbraak, Galpin, 3673! Riversdale Div.; near Riversdale, Schlechter,

1932! Knysna Div. ; Millwood, Tyson!

Salisbury says “the flowers are inconspicuous, but in the whole genus very

distinct,” neither of which statements are intelligible to us, although we have

seen and dissected his type, from which our specimens differ only slightly in the

anthers. If we are correct in referring them here, of which we have little doubt,

the inflorescence is abundant and conspicuous, though the flowers themselves are

not large, and the corolla greatly resembles that of several other species. Salis- —

bury doubtless described from a single specimen, and possibly a poor one. The

Index Kewensis, i. 870, puts this species down as a synonym of E. denticulata.

251. E. cyathiformis (Salisb, in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 376);

erect, much branched, 1-1} ft, high; branches puberulous, the

Erica.] ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 183

ultimate very slender; leaves erect or spreading, linear, obtuse,

glabrous, slender, often curved, 3}—1 lin. long; flowers 4-nate, some-

times by abortion of branchlets pseudo-axillary ; pedicels slender,

3-] lin. long; bracts remote, very smali; sepals ovate, obtuse,

ciliate, shining, less than 2 lin. long; corolla subglobose-campanu-

late or broad-urceolate-campanulate, not (or hardly) constricted at

the throat, somewhat widened at the mouth, $-1 lin. long;

segments about 2 as long as the tube; anthers included, sub-

triangular, with broadly rounded angles, subscabrid, ciliate at the

base, 1 lin. long, aristate; pore about 3 the length of the cell;

awns spreading, distant, naked on the margins, shorter than the

eell; style included, short; stigma subpeltate-capitate; ovary

glabrous or puberulous. . levis, Andr. Heathery, t. 221 and Col.

Heaths, t. 182; Spreng. Pugill. i. 30? Lodd. Bot. Cab, t. 1393.

E. caffra, Lodd. lc. t. 196, not of Linn. nor of others. EH. panicu-

lata, var. alba, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 14, 25% £. paniculata, Wendl.

ex Steud. Nom. ed. 2,1. 577. E. persoluta, var. major, Wendl. Lc.

fasc. 24,187, ¢.71? E. persoluta, var. levis, Benth. in DC. Prodr.

vii. 679. Z stenophylla, Benth. lc. 679. E. odorata, Spreng.

Neue Entdeck. i. 271.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated speci-

mens !

Coast Rr@ion: Worcester Div.; banks of streams in Hex River Valley,

1600 ft., Tyson, 637! Caledon Div.; mountains near Grabouw, Bolus, 4176!

and without exact locality, Thom, 978! Tulbagh or Worcester Div.; Bolus,

5191!

There has been some confusion about this species. Our specimens from several

localities agree well with each other, with the specimen in the Berlin Herbarium

marked E. levis, Spreng., and with Bentham’s type of E. stenophylla. Salisbury

himself saw the resemblance of his species to EL. viridipurpurea, L., though he

observes : “Closely allied to [it], the anthers being almost exactly the same ;

yet on account of the difference in the interstices of the corolla-limb, I can

scarcely regard it as a variety of that.” To this we can only add that the leaves

appear to be constantly smaller,—about half the size, It is much nearer to

E. viridipurpurea than to E. subdivaricata, under which it was also placed by

Bentham. It is also allied to E. quadrangularis, but the habit and general

aspect are different, leaves constantly smaller, and the corolla less wide at the

mouth.

252. E. hemastoma (Wendl. Eric. Icon. fase. 27, 18); branches

few, erect, slender, glabrous; leaves erect to spreading, linear,

sulcate, the younger pubescent and ciliate like the bracts and sepals

with minutely plumose hairs, glabrescent, terminating In a sharp awn,

3-6 lin. long; flowers sub-4-nate ; pedicels 2-3 lin. long; bracts

subremote, two very small, the third longer, foliaceous ; sepals

lanceolate, acuminate, awned, coloured, 1-13 lin. long ; corolla

ovoid to globose-urceolate, mouth much contracted, 2}—3 lin. long or

more ; segments ereet, rounded ; anthers included, subeuneate or

longitudinally semiovate, dorsally curved, 2 lin. long, crested at the

base; pore £ as long as the cell; crests more than } the length of

the cell, lobed, acute, erosulate ; style included or just manifest ;

184 ERICACEZ (Guthrie & Bolus), [| Hrica.

stigma capitate ; ovary glabrous. Z. aristifolia, Niven ea Benth. in

DC. Prodr. vii. 676.

Sovrn Arrica: without locality, Drége, 7766!

Coast Rreion : Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; Wind Hoek Berg, Niven, 19!

253. E. velitaris (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 357) ; branches

13 in. long or more ; leaves erect or spreading, linear-trigonous, thin,

acute, subglabrous, 21 lin. long; pedicels 1-11 lin. long; bracts

subremote, the lower long and leaf-like; sepals linear from an

ovate subscarious base, acuminate, upper part foliaceous; corolla

subcyathiform, mouth about equal, ‘‘ pubescent, 21-3 lin. long”

(Salisbury), glabrescent, 2 lin. long; segments about 1 as long as

the tube ; anthers included, oblong, smooth, glabrous, a little over

$ lin. long, with slender rough awns about as long as the cell ; style

ineluded ; stigma capitate; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr.

vii. 678.

Var. 8, hemispherica (Bolus); branches and leaves somewhat stouter and

more rigid ; upper bracts approximate, lower equal to the pedicel ; sepals narrow-

lanceolate, acuminate, strongly keeled, about 14 lin. long; corolla suburceolate,

slightly contracted at the throat, glabrous, 24 lin. long ; anther-cells cuneate,

obtuse, about 3 lin. long. LE. velitaris, var. B, Benth. in DOC. Prodr. vii. 678.

E. hemispherica, Klotsch e« Benth. l.c.

Sourn ArFrica: without locality, Roxburgh !

Coast Rea@ion: Var. 8: Caledon Div.; about Bot River, 500-2000 ft.,

Zeyher! in Herb. Trin. Coll. Dubl.; near Palmiet River, Zeyher, in Herb.

Berlin (ex Bentham).

A somewhat uncertain species. We have not seen Salisbury’s type, and his

description is too brief to avail, but he cites in Trans. Linn, Soc. vi. 357, “E.

glabra, Roxb. MS.” If the corolla be usually pubescent, the species would be

better in § Hphebus. But, though we have examined a few flowers from

Roxburgh’s plant, we have only found a microseopic down on one corolla; and

the corolla of the var. B is perfectly glabrous. We leave it in this section where

Bentham placed it.

254. E. gracilis (Wendl. Bot. Beobacht. 47) ; a slender branched

erect shrub, under 1 ft. high; branches ascending or spreading,

pubescent ; leaves erect or sometimes incurved or spreading, imbri-

cate, linear, keeled or round-backed, slender, glabrous, 1-2 lin. long;

flowers 4-nate, on rather short branchlets; pedicels 1-21 lin. long ;

bracts remote, small; sepals ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, ciliolate

or naked, about 3 lin. long ; corolla urceolate, mouth usually slightly —

(rarely much) contracted, rosy, 11-2 (mostly 12) lin. long ; segments

small, erect or spreading (probably always spreading at full maturity);

anthers included, ovate, obtuse, glabrous, margins naked, little more

than 4 lin. long, broad-aristate or subcristate; pore about 21 as long

as the cell; awns deflexed close to the cells, broadish-subulate,

entire or minutely lacerate, from } as long to nearly as long as the

cells; style included ; stigma capitellate ; ovary sessile on a broad

disk, glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 677; Willd. Sp. Pl. ii.

865; Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 375; Andr. Heathery, t. 68 ?

and Col, Heaths, t. 98%; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 8, 9. E. tenuis-

Erica. | ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). 185

sima, Wendl. l.c. fase. 6,9. EH. tenera, Klotesch ex Benth. l.c. 677.

E. imbecilla, Sweet. Hort. Brit. ed. i. 258. H. neglecta, G. Don,

Gen. Syst. iii. 792.

Sour AFRIcA: without locality, Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated spect-

mens !

Coast REGIoN: common from Swellendam Div. eastward to Humansdorp

Div., from 250-8000 ft., Niven, 14! Alewander, 19! Zeyher, 3255! Bolus, 2392 !

5840! 9233! Schlechter, 2228! 2066! 5835! 5991! Galpin, 3674!

In the wild state this species is fairly constant in its characters and is

generally recognizable by its small sepals and anthers. In cultivation, however,

it seems to have varied, and this has given rise to some doubt and confusion as

to the figures. It is very uncertain whether Andrews’ figure is the same as

Wendland’s plant ; we have seen no specimens with such globose corollas; nor

can we cite, as does Bentham, Loddiges, Bot. Cab. t. 244.

255. E. leucantha (Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 371); erect,

somewhat slender, entirely glabrous, 12-18 in. high; branches

mostly virgate, often covered with a white papery semitransparent

and deciduous or separable epidermis ; leaves 4-nate (we have seen

none 3-nate as mentioned by Bentham), mostly erect and imbricate,

rarely spreading, linear, blunt, faintly sulcate, 1)~-2 lin. long ; flowers

4-nate, often clustered; pedicels about 1 lin. long; bracts remote,

small; sepals ovate to lanceolate, acuminate, keeled, very concave,

searious-edged, 1 lin. long or less; corolla cyathiform, or sometimes

(probably in immature flowers) somewhat obconic, widened or not

contracted at the mouth, subtetragonous, white, about 1} lin. long ;

segments erect or scarcely spreading, about > as long as the tube ;

anthers elliptical or oblong, smooth, glabrous, about } lin. long,

aristate ; pore about 3 as long as the cell; awns subulate, entire or

nearly so, about 2 as long as the cell ; style included, slender ; stigma

eapitellate ; ovary glabrous. Klotasch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

677. E. leucanthera, Andr. Heathery, t. 28, and Col. Heaths, t.

108, not of Linn. (a very good fig. of the wild plant). . lutea, var.

alba, Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Woburn. 14.

: wi lity, cultivated specimens / :

Soa mpm Stee Oe: 3 y aoe Hock, Schlechter, 9221! Caledon

Div. : mountains near Grietjes Gat, Zeyher, 3255! near Villiersdorp, Bolus,

51801 near Genadendal, 800-2200 ft., Bolus, 5430! 6959!

Bentham supposed this to be probably a garden hybrid; but from our

numerous wild specimens this seems improbable.

956. E. subdivaricata (Berg. Descr. Pl. Cap. 114) ; erect, much-

branched, 1-2 or even 3 ft. high ; branches generally hirsute ; leaves

spreading or erect, linear, subobtuse, round-backed, glabrous or

sparsely pubescent, about 2 lin. long ; flowers 4-nate on short

branches, becoming clustered; pedicels glabrous, about 1 lin. long ;

bracts remote, linear, ciliolate, small; sepals lanceolate, acute,

foliaceous or subsearious on the margins, keeled, ciliate or naked,

1-2 lin. long; corolla campanulate-cyathiform or subturbinate,

mouth widened, sometimes only slightly so, white, more rarely rosy,

186 ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hrica.

1-2 lin. long; limb spreading or erect, about 2 as long as the tube,

the interstices between the segments acute, closed ; anthers included,

longitudinally semi-ovate, cuneate or oblong-cuneate, smooth, glab-

rous, a little over + lin. long, aristate ; pore about 2 the length of

the cell; awns curved, slightly rough on the inner edge, mostly

somewhat shorter than the cell; style exserted; stigma capitate ;

ovary glabrous or thinly puberulous. J. persoluta, Linn. Mant. Alt.

230; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 678. E. prolifera, Salish. in Trans.

Linn. Soc. vi. 376. £. assurgens, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 372.

E. congesta, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 17, 75, t. 29, not of Lodd. E.

strigosa, Wendl. l.c. fasc. 2, 25, not of Soland. LE. caffra, Andr.

Heathery, t. 7, and Col. Heaths, t. 7, not of Linn, E. exserrens

and EH. pallidiflora, Klotzsch ex Benth l.c. 679. HE. regerminans,

Hort. ex Benth. l.c.

Coast Reeion: frequent near Cape Town, and extending eastward to

Knysna Div. ; ascending to 2500 ft., many collectors, Thunberg, Niven, 93!

Burchell, 699! 702! 737! 766! 6542! 7048! 7581! 8376! 8588! Zeyher,

3245! Sieber, 1741! Drége, 7761! Bolus, 2947! Schlechter, 2041! 7687!

Guthrie, 44! 2281! Wolley Dod, 2269! Knysna Div.; Buchanan! And

without locality, cultivated specimens !

Somewhat variable in habit and in the size of the flowers, and especially so as to

indumentum. E. persoluta, L. var. levis, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 679, seems

to be identical with E. cyathiformis and E. persoluta, var. y subcarnea, Benth.

l.c. may be a form of E. curvirostris. The species is closely allied to E. viridi«

purpurea, but is generally at once distinguishable by the acute interstices between

the segments of the corolla-limb ; the flowering season is also quite different.

257. E. margaritacea (Soland. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, ii.

20) ; erect, glabrous, 1-1} ft. high; branches slender, mostly straight

and fastigiate; leaves usually erect and closely imbricate, linear,

keeled, slender, 1-2 lin. long; flowers 4-nate or sometimes umbel-

lately clustered ; pedicels 1-2 lin. long ; bracts remote, linear, about

1 lin. long; sepals linear-acuminate or lanceolate from an ovate

denticulate-edged base, sometimes laxly set, 3-1 lin. long; corolla

cyathiform or subureeolate-campanulate, equal at the throat or nearly

so, white, sometimes faint pink, about 2 lin. long; limb short, erect

or very slightly spreading; anthers included, oblong, very obtuse,

glabrous, smooth, nearly } lin. long; pore about # as long as the

cell; crests oblong or ovate, acute, variously lacerate, papery, whitish,

from 3-3 the length of the cell; style subexserted; stigma capi-

tate; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 677; Andr.

Heathery, t. 126, and Col. Heaths, t. 35; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc.

8, 11 (all good figures). EE. obesa, Salisb. Prodr. 294, and in Trans.

Linn. Soc. vi. 375, not of Tausch.

Coast ReGion: Cape Div.; Cape Flats, Burchell, 173! 412! 703! 821!

Ecklon, 72! Mund, 37! Bolus, 2957! 3774! Guthrie, 380! Wolley Dod, 906!

Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, Thunberg, Niven, 18! Also without

locality, Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated specimens !

_. 258. E. curvirostris (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc, vi. 875); ereet,

stout and rigid, 9-12 in. or more high; branches ascending, pubes-

Erica.] ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 187

cent with reversed hairs ; leaves suberect to spreading or squarrose,

broadly linear, subobtuse, keeled, sulcate, glabrous, 2-3 lin. long ;

flowers 3-nate to umbellate ; pedicels slender, 14-2 lin. long; bracts

remote, adpressed, small ; sepals ovate to lanceolate-oblong, acute or

obtuse, subscarious, thick-keeled, glabrous, ciliolate or naked, often

yellowish, 3-1} lin. long; corolla subeampanulate, widened above

the hemispherical tube, 13-2 lin. long ; segments slightly spreading,

from 2-4 the length of the tube; anthers included, cuneate and

subacute, or oblong and subobtuse, ciliolate or naked, 2—} lin. long,

cristate; pore 2—3 the length of the cell; crests either spreading

backwards at an angle or immediately deflexed, lanceolate, acuminate,

lacerulate or fringed or pubescent, sometimes with one or more short

lobes 2 as long as the cells or somewhat longer; style subexserted often

decurved, stoutish; stigma capitate; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii.677. E. declinata, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1662. E. decwnata,

Steud. Nom. ed. i. 304. , thyrsoidea, Tausch in Flora, 1834, 619.

SoutH AFRICA: without locality, Sieber, 178! Herb. Salisbury! and culti-

vated specimens !

Coast ReGion: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, 2400 ft., Bolus, 4480! Schoenn-

berg in Herb. Galpin, 4907 ! Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, Niven, 144!

Lowrys Pass, Burchell, 8243! Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek Mountains, Burchell,

8078, 8079; Bolus, 5855! near Lowrys Pass, 2000 ft., Schlechter, 4827 !

The corolla is represented as white in Loddiges’ fig. and was so in Bolus,

5355; but in other specimens it seems to have been red or rosy. This species

flowers in the autumn and winter. :

259. E. trichophylla (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 679); erect,

slender, 6-14 in. high; branches chiefly virgate, the ultimate very

slender, hispidulous, rusty red; leaves from suberect and imbricate

above to spreading below, the lowest subsquarrose, linear, semi-

terete, very slender, pubescent, glabrescent, about 1 lin. long;

flowers sub-4-nate; pedicels slender, about }—$ lin. long; bracts

remote, linear, one sometimes exceeding the pedicel ; sepals linear-

lanceolate, long-acuminate, green-keeled, scarious-edged, ciliate,

about 1 lin. long, or little shorter than the corolla ; corolla broad-

eyathiform, nearly equal at the mouth, somewhat hyaline, white,

14 lin. long; segments erect, from } as long to as long as the tube ;

anthers included, very straight, narrow-oblong, pallid, smooth,

glabrous, nearly + lin. long, aristate ; pore 5 the length of the cell;

awns entire, about 2 the length of the cell ; style included, slender ;

stigma capitellate, very small ; ovary glabrous.

SourH AFRICA: without locality, Masson (in Herb. Kew) !

Coast REGIoNn: Caledon Div.; Zoetemelks Vlei, Guthrie, 3301! 3541!

Our specimens agree almost exactly with Masson’s.

Section XIX. LEPTODENDRON. (Sp. 260-268.)

260. E. rupicola (Klotzsch in Linnza, xii. 504) ; erect ; branches

stoutish, ascending, either few and subvirgate, or many, spreading

188 ERICACEZ (Guthrie & Bolus), [Hrica.

and subfastigiate, glabrous or puberulous; leaves 3-nate, or

occasionally 4-nate on the same plant, crowded, erect or spreading-

ineurved, narrow-linear, keeled, glabrous, 11-2 lin. long; flowers on

short branchlets along the branches, with a subracemose appearance,

corolline; pedicels $ lin. long; bracts remote, subbasal, minute ;

sepals broad-lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous, ciliate, coloured, * lin,

long ; corolla ovoid or suburceolate-ovoid, mouth contracted, slighily

oblique, “deep rosy red” (Klotzsch), about 21 lin. or rarely 15 lin.

long; segments slightly spreading, or erect and at length connivent,

about 4 as long as the tube; filaments very slender, sigmoid near

the apex and thickened above the curve, about 2 lin. long ; anthers

oblong, obtuse, scaberulous; cells partite to the base, 2 lin. long,

muticous ; pore 2 the length of the cell; style included, often just

manifest ; stigma capitate; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr.

vil. 681.

Coast Reaion: Swellendam Div.; mountains along the lower part of the

Zondereinde River, near Appels Kraal, Zeyher, 3234! 209! (the latter a form

with 4-nate leaves). Bedford Div.; near Bedford, Weale, 1! (in Herb. Albany

Museum, Grahamstown, a specimen with smaller flowers 13 lin. long, not fully

or poorly grown).

261. E. condensata (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 681); branches

stoutish, erect, puberulous, 10 in. or more long; leaves 3-nate,

erect or subincurved-spreading, crowded, linear, subobtuse, suleate,

glabrous, about 2 lin. long; flowers sub-3-nate, corolline : pedicels

about 1 lin. long; braets approximate, all sepal-like, or the lower

sometimes longer and equalling the sepals; sepals broad-ovate or

ovate-rhomboid, acute, cuspidate-keeled, thick, subcoriaceous, some-

what viscid (Bentham), 3-1 lin. long ; corolla subcampanulate-cyathi-

form (or “ovate,” Bentham), equal or slightly widened at the mouth,

or (in Burchell’s type specimens, apparently over mature) con-

tracted towards the apex, 4-foveolate at the base, about 2 lin. long ;

segments variable in length, about 1 the length of the tube ; fila-

ments nearly straight; anthers oblong, obtuse, scaberulous, muti-

cous; cells deeply parted, about 3 lin. long; pore about 1 the

length of the cell; style included ; stigma capitate; ovary glabrous.

Var. 8, quadrifida (Bolus) ; corolla-limb more deeply cleft ; segments from

4-} the length of the tube.

Coast ReGion: Swellendam Div,; on a lofty craggy peak near Swellendam,

Burchell, 7391! Riversdale Div.; summit of Kampsche Berg, Burchell, 7112!

Var. 8, Swellendam Div.; on the Langeberg Range, near Zuurbraak, 2500 ft.,

Schlechter, 2146 !

262. E. mira (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 680);

apparently erect, 8 in. or more high; branches straggling, slender,

reddish, white-puberulous ; leaves 3-nate, suberect, mostly scanty

with longish internodes, linear-oblong, blunt, suleate, glabrous,

pallid, under 2 lin. long; flowers 3-nate, scanty, corolline ; pedicels

puberulous, 1; lin. long; bracts remote, small; sepals subulate-

Brica.| ERIcAcEx (Guthrie & Bolus). 189

linear, acute, glabrous, about 1 lin. long; corolla subtubular, marked

with 8 longitudinal lines, a little over 2 lin. long; segments erect,

rounded, about 1 the length of the tube; filaments long and slender,

12 lin. long; anthers sublinear, a little widened towards the apex,

smooth, nearly 1 lin. long, aristate; pore nearly equal in length to

the cell; awns strap-shaped, equal throughout, closely approximate

but free, the points shortly spreading, a little shorter than the cells ;

style exserted; stigma clavellate, small ; ovary globose, minutely

hispidulous or glabrous.

Coast Recion: Worcester Div.; on a mountain, between de Draai and

Driekoppen, Drége, 7724! in Herb. Berlin.

We have seen a good specimen of the type of this apparently rare and little-

known species. It is very distinct and might almost be recognized from

the anther alone, which is not quite like any other we remember to have

seen.

963. E. micrandra (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect, entirely glabrous,

except for a slight down on the younger branches, about 1 ft. high ;

branches mostly straggling or subdivaricate, more rarely ascending

or suberect, thinly and distinctly leafy, with naked internodes of

from 1-1 in. long; leaves 3-nate, erect, incurved, never crowded,

nor (except a few of the youngest) imbricate, linear-semiterete,

obtuse or subacute, flat above, round-backed, faintly sulcate, 1;—2

lin. long; flowers 3-nate, corolline ; pedicels slender, about 1 lin.

long; bracts subapproximate, linear, about } lin. long; sepals

adpressed, linear, acute, sulcate, foliaceous, sometimes coloured,

reddish, about $ lin. long, not reaching so high as the corolla-tube ;

corolla broad-cyathiform, flesh-coloured, about 1} lin. long, 2} lin.

wide at the mouth when flattened down; segments continuous,

subsemiovate, broadly-rounded, about equal to the tube; filaments

capillary ; anthers manifest, basifixed near the ventral margin,

semiorbicular, ventral margin straight; cells subdistant and divari-

cate, about ;45 in. long, aristate; pore 3 the length of the cell;

bent downwards and projecting as an acute

connective at length

tooth in front; awns decurrent for less than 2 their length along

the filament, then free, spreading, subulate, acuminate, the whole

appendage nearly 2} times the length of the cells; style exserted,

slender; stigma capitellate ; ovary glabrous.

Coast Recron: Ceres Div. ; at the foot of the mountains near Ceres, 1700 ft.,

Bolus, 9198!

This very

rangularis, with the corol

peculiar and very small anther alon

species known to us, except E. pusilla,

similar and is even slightly smaller; b

different.

264. E. Vanheurckii (Muell. Arg. in Van Heurck, Obs. Bot. &

Plant. Nov., fase. i. 36) ; erect, about 1 ft. high ; branches slender,

subvirgate, glabrous ; leaves 3-nate, erect or subspreading, mostly

isti ies has the habit and general appearance of E. quud-

cose bth la of the § Eurystoma, but very different sepals. Its

alone distinguishes it at once from every other

var. 8, the anther of which is curiously

ut in other respects the plant is very

190 ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

shorter than the internodes on the slender flowering branches, or

sometimes imbricate, linear-elliptic, subacute, sulcate, thickish,

glabrous, 1-1} lin. long; flowers 3-nate or umbellate (4—8-flowered),

corolline; pedicels decurved, slender, glabrous, 11-4 lin. long;

bracts subapproximate to subremote, linear, small, coloured; sepals

narrow-lanceolate, acute, glabrous, ciliate or naked, mostly deep red,

4-1 lin. long; corolla urceolate or obovoid-urceolate, constricted at

the throat, red, 1}—2 lin. long ; segments spreading, rounded, 1—1

the length of the tube; filaments slender, mostly ciliate, with short

or long hairs, about 1 lin. long; anthers oblong or cuneate-oblong,

obtuse, smooth, pale brown, bearded at the base or naked, 1—2 lin.

long, crested at the base; pore 1—2 the length of the cell; crests

ovate to lanceolate, acuminate, variously incised, from 2 as long to

nearly as long as the cell; style mostly included, sometimes just

manifest ; stigma subsimple or eclavellate, small; ovary subturbinate,

constricted at the base, glabrous.

Coast Ruaion: Tulbagh Div.; flats between the Witsenberg and Skurfde-

berg Ranges, Zeyher, 1103! 1103a!

CrntRAL Reeion: Ceres Div.; Cold Bokkeveld, Skurfdeberg Range near

Gydouw, 5000 ft. Schlechter, 10006! Gydouw Berg, 6000 ft., Schlechter,

10223! near Wagenbooms River, Schlechter, 10152!

This species has been confused with E. leptopus, Benth., but the corolla is

quite different in shape, The anther, as also the filament, is much more

copiously bearded in Ecklon & Zeyher’s specimens than in Schlechter’s ; but

of these latter only his 10223 appears to have a few fully developed flowers, and

those showing them clearly as described,

265. E. campanulata (Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 9); erect, slender,

somewhat variable in habit and appearance, from 6 to probably

24 in. in height; branches numerous, erect or spreading, or when

young and grown in damp places subsimple, virgate, and very

slender with fewer and smaller flowers, glabrous, reddish ; leaves

commonly 3-nate, rarely 4-nate or opposite on the same plant,

erect or subspreading, narrow-linear, acute, keeled, glabrous, 11—22

lin. long; flowers generally solitary, corolline ; pedicels puberulous,

1-1; lin. long ; bracts remote or subremote, rarely subapproximate ;

sepals from ovate and acute to lanceolate and long-acuminate,

scarious, glabrous, margins mostly naked, rarely ciliate, eoloured,

13-1} lin. long; corolla very variable in size and shape, tubular-

eampanulate, cyathiform, broad-cyathiform or suburceolate, bright

yellow, more rarely cream-colour, 21-31 lin. long; segments erect,

more rarely spreading, 1-1 the length of the tube; filaments

nearly straight, about } lin. long ; anthers oblong-cuneate, obtuse,

scaberulous, 3—} lin. long, most generally muticous (said to be

“sometimes minutely toothed at base”); pore about 1 the length

of the cell; style included, sometimes compressed ; stigma capitel-

late, small; ovary glabrous. Andr. Heathery, t. 55 ; Wendl. Eric.

Ie. fase. 13, 3; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 184; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

681. £. campanularis, Salisb. in Trans, Linn. Soc. vi. 330, E.

Erica.] ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 191

tenuifolia, Hort. ex Salisb. lc. 331. EF. flavicans, Klotzsch ex

Benth, l.c. 681.

Coast Rreton: Caledon Div.; mountains near Palmiet River, Ecklon &

Zeyher, 95! in Herb. Berlin; Babylons Tower Mountain, 1200 ft., Templeman

én Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 753! Zwart Berg, near Caledon, MacOwan, Herb.

Aust.-Afr., 2016! between French Hoek and Villiersdorp, Bolus, 6989! Div. ?

Bolus, 6872! Also cultivated specimens !

This is a very variable species, but with numerous specimens before us we are

unable to define even sufficiently well-marked or stable varieties, It has been

ordinarily recognized (from Andrews’ figure) by its somewhat slender habit and

leaves, and solitary yellow flowers. It varies gradually up to stouter forms,

with 4-nate leaves and clustered (3—4-nate) flowers, and these look very different

from the others, but without any differences in the structure of the flowers.

Extreme forms of these are represented in Bolus, 6872.

266. E. lachnwoides (G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 795) ; erect, 1 ft.

or more high; branches numerous, ascending, with short floriferous

branchlets; leaves 3-nate, erect to spreading, crowded, imbricate,

linear, obtuse, suleate or subopen-backed, tomentose-downy and of

“a mealy green,” 11-21 lin. long; flowers corolline, spreading or

cernuous ; pedicels very short; bracts adpressed, broad-lanceolate,

subobtuse, sepaloid, ciliate, coloured, pink, about } the length of the

sepals; sepals like the bracts, from }—} the length of the corolla;

corolla suburceolate-cylindrical, not contracted at the throat,

“ purple-pulverulent,” pink, 3-3} lin. long, 1} lin. in diam. ; seg-

ments spreading, 1—} the length of the tube ; anthers oblong, obtuse,

length not discernible from the figure, cristate ; pore about $ the

length of the cell ; crests lanceolate, acute, serrulate, pallid, nearly

as long as the cells; style included, short; stigma capitellate ;

ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 693. EH. Lachnea, var.

purpurea, Col. Heaths, t. 178, and Andr. Heathery, t. 170.

Sourn AFRica: without locality, ex Andrews.

This is only known from the figures and descriptions cited above.

267. E. polycoma (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 655); dwarf,

probably under 1 ft. high; whole plant silvery-grey ; branches erect,

stoutish; branehlets short and flexuous, these and the leaves,

pedicels, bracts and sepals pilose with short and long simple, some-

what silky, grey hairs; leaves 3-nate, erect, closely imbricate,

adpressed, lanceolate, subobtuse, pubescent, the hairs towards the

apex long and tufted, 1-1; lin. long ; flowers 3-nate, subcorolline ;

pedicels curved, 13-2 lin. long; bracts adpressed, ovate, concave,

keeled, subscarious, long-ciliate, about 1 lin. long; sepals like the

bracts but broad-ovate, obtuse, apiculate, 1-1} lin. long, about }

the length of the corolla ; eorolla ovoid-cyathitorm, or by the con-

nivence of the segments in dried specimens appearing ovoid-inflated,

glabrous, dry (or “‘subviscid,” Bentham), rosy, about 2 lin. long ;

segments erect, or connivent in age (and in dried specimens), semi-

ovate, obtuse, longer than broad, equal or nearly so to the tube in

length; filaments slender; anthers subcuneate-oblong, slightly

192 ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

incurved, nearly 2 lin. long, erested; pore 1-2 the length of the

cell; crests narrow-lanceolate, acute, pendulous, long-ciliate, brown,

about § the length of the cells; style ineluded, 4-gonous below,

swollen and terete above; stigma subsimple, small ; ovary glabrous,

or thinly hispid on the apex.

Sourn AFrica: without locality, Masson! Niven !

Coast Reeion: Caledon Div.; rocky summit of the Genadendal Mountain,

4800 ft., Bolus, 5421! Schlechter, 9835 !

This species does not come very happily into this or any section. Though

distinct, it is allied to E. lachneoides (E. Lachnea, var. purpurea, Andr., as

figured in Andr. Heathery, t. 170). Scarcely any of the specimens, excepting

Schlechter’s, exhibit fully-developed flowers,

268. E. virginalis (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 653) ;

apparently a small slender plant, with filiform, white-tomentulose

branches (“quite glabrous,” Bentham); leaves opposite, erect,

adpressed, oblong, obtuse, keeled, glabrous, glossy, under 1 lin. long;

flowers 2-nate, corolline ; pedicels decurved, nearly 1 lin. long;

bracts subremote, small ; sepals narrow-lanceolate, acute, adpressed,

round-backed and sulcate, or “keeled,” thickish, under 1 lin. long ;

corolla subtubular, 4-gonous, “red,” 2 lin. long; limb erect or

“ stellate-spreading 1” (Bentham); segments rounded, imbricate at .

the base, 1-1 the length of the tube; filaments slender, tapering to

the apex, about 12 lin. long ; anthers narrow-oblong, obtuse, some-

what rough, under 2 lin. long, crested; pore * the length of the

cell; crests ovate, bluntish, about 4 the length of the cell ; style

apparently included ; ovary sessile, glabrous,

Coast Reeron: Tulbagh Div. ; mountains near Tulbagh, Ecklon ¥ Zeyher!

We have seen and examined a frustule with a flower from a specimen marked

as above, which is very probably the type. We find, however, no trace of a

stellate-patent corolla-limb, a character which is often deceptive and lost in dried

specimens, and which Bentham mentions with a sign of doubt. In other

respects it does not agree well with the § Zamprotis where Bentham provisionally |

placed it, the flowers being distinctly corolline ; but it fits better and fairly well

here. The species is a very distinct one.

Section XX. PACHYSA. (Sp. 269-292.)

269. E. ramentacea (Linn. Mant. 65); erect, 1-1} ft. high;

mostly much branched from shortly above the base; branches usually

much spreading, sometimes erect, puberulous or glabrous; leaves 4-

(rarely 3-) nate, erect or spreading, linear, very slender, glabrous,

15-3 lin, long; flowers terminal, umbellate, with a heavy, somewhat

musk-like odour; pedicels erect or spreading, slender, red, 13-1} lin.

long ; bracts 2 subapproximate, 1 median, linear, red ; sepals lanceo-

late, keeled, glabrous, naked or ciliate, reddish, about 2 lin. long;

corolla mostly subglobose, occasionally ovoid, contracted at the

throat, glabrous, slightly viscid, crimson, 1} to nearly 2 lin. long ;

limb short, erect, darker-coloured ; anthers included, dorsifixed near

Brica.] ERIcACEa (Guthrie & Bolus). 193

the middle of the cell, connivent round the stigma, from elliptical

to bluntly triangular (in front view nearly orbicular) densely covered

and the crests ciliate with longish shred-like hairs, about 3 lin. long;

pore 7 the length of the cell; crests sublanceolate, acute, pale brown,

about as long as the cell; style included ; stigma capitate; ovary

glabrous (or pubescent, Salisbury), sessile on a prominent disk.

Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12, ii. 269; Bauer, Exot. Pl. t. 23; Wendl.

Eric. Ic. fase. 1,17; Lodd, Bot. Cab. t. 446; Andr. Heathery, t.

143, and Ool. Heaths, t. 53; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 658. £.

granulata, Linn. Mant. Alt. 234. E. multumbellifera, Berg. Descr.

Pil. Cap. 110. E. pilulifera, Berg. le. 111. E. bullularis, Salish.

Prodr, 296, and in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi, 377. £. bullaris, Steud.

Nomencl. ed. 2, i. 569. E. multiumbellata, Benth. in DC. Prodr.

vii. 658. HH. pilularis, Benth. l.c. sub E. ramentacea.

Soutn AFRIcA: without locality, Thunberg, Herb. Salisbury! and culti-

vated specimens !

Coast ReGion: Paarl Div.; between Paarl and French Hoek, Drége!

Cape Div.; common on the Cape Flats and occasional on the hills near Cape

Town, Burchell, 377! 820! Ecklon, 85! Mund, 40! Sieber, 170! Zeyher, 1104!

Guthrie, 191! Wolley Dod, 946! Bolus, 2962! Stellenbosch Div.; between

Lowrys Pass «nd Jonkers Hoek, Burchell, 8316! Caledon Div.; near Gena-

dendal, Burchell, 7776! Zwart Berg, near Caledon, 2300 ft., Bolus, 5429!

Swellendam Div.; mountain peak, near Swellendam, Burchell, 7389! Rivers-

dale Div. ; Garcias Pass, Galpin, 3676!

This has the look of the § Orophanes, but the corolla is viscidulous, Specimens

from eastern stations and growing at a greater distance from the sea exhibit

fewer and somewhat smaller flowers and a laxer habit than those from the Cape

Peninsula.

270. E. mucosa (Linn. Mant. Alt. 232); erect, glabrous in all

parts, commonly from 1-2 (more rarely 3-4) ft. high; branches

erect, spreading or straggling, rigid ; leaves 4-nate, erect or somewhat

spreading, imbricate or shorter than the internodes, linear to linear-

oblong, obtuse, keeled, viscid, ciliate or naked, thick, rigid, 1-3

lin. long; flowers terminal, umbellate ; umbels 3-6-flowered ; pedi-

eels 2-3 lin. long; bracts approximate to remote, searious, or

foliaceous in the upper part, viscid; sepals narrow-ovate or lanceo-

late, viscid, tipped with a thick green keel-like point, scarious,

coloured, 1-12 lin. long; corolla urceolate, or subovoid-urceolate,

very viscid, 13-23 lin. long, dull red or purple ; limb short, erect

or subpatent; anthers included, dorsifixed a little above the base,

cuneate (suboblong in front view) obtuse, glabrous, over 7 lin. long

or somewhat less than 11 times its width at the base; pore 3 the

length of the cell; crests sublanceolate, coarsely serrate, long-

‘acuminate, as long as the cells; style included, short; ovary

glabrous. Bauer, Exot. Pl. t. 15; Andr. Heathery, t. 174, and

Col. Heaths, t. 39; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 35; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc.

4, 13; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 658, and var. brevifolia, Benth.

Le. 659. LE. pilularis, Lodd. Bot Cab. t. 15634 EE. ferrea, Berg.

Descr. Pl. Cap. 112. E. mucosoides, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1202. E.

pilulifera, Andr. Heathery, t. 2781 Jide Benth.

‘VOL. IV.—SECT. I. Ce)

194 ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus), [ Hrica.

Var. 8, crenata (Benth. I.c. 659); leaves elliptical, minutely glandular-

serrulate. E. crenata, E. Meyer ew Benth, l.c. 659.

SoutH Arrica: without locality; Herd. Salisbury! and cultivated speci-

mens of the type and var. B!

Coast Rreion: Cape Div.; occasional on the Cape Flats and mountains up

to 1100 ft., Niven, 41! Burchell, 698! 8352! 8353! Mund, 41! Drége, 77581

Zeyher, 1100! Sieber, 173! Bolus, 4519! Schlechter, 575! 7301! and in

Herb.: Norm. Aust.-Afr., 1801! Guthrie, 292! Wolley Dod, 463! Var. B:

Cape Div.; sandy plains near Cape Town, Niven, 40!

- 271. E. macra (Guthrie & Bolus) ; dwarf, erect, 6-8 in. high ;

branches ascending, dark-coloured, naked below, leafy above, the

younger cano-puberulous; leaves 3-nate, suberect or spreading,

elliptical, blunt, thick and rounded, sulcate, glabrous, 1-1} lin.

long;-flowers terminal, 3-nate ; pedicels slender, viscid, red, 23-3

lin. long; bracts remote, 2 median, 1 basal, scarious, 1 lin. long ;

sepals lanceolate-oblong, acute, scarious, viscid, glabrous, 1} lin.

long; corolla narrow-ovoid-urceolate, glabrous, viscid, purple,

21 lin. long; limb short, spreading; anthers ineluded, dorsifixed

shortly above the base, cuneate, subacute, 3 lin. long or about

twice the width at the base, glabrous, smooth, subaristate or narrow-

crested ; pore about } the length of the cell; awns lanceolate at the

base, tapering to a long fine point, with (sometimes at least) a single

median: saw-like tooth, the whole about as long as the eell;

style included; stigma capitellate; ovary minutely puberulous or

glabrous. .

Coast Region: Worcester Div.; on the Matroos Berg, 7000 ft., Bolus

in Herb. Guthrie, 3948! rocky places on Dutoits Peak, 6200 ft., Marloth, 2418!

272. E. Schlechteri (Bolus in Journ. Bot. 1894, 235) ; erect,

2-3 ft. high ; branches ascending, flexuous, puberulous, glabrescent ;

leaves 4-nate, erect or subspreading, imbricate, linear, bluntish,

suleate, glabrous, dry or the younger subviscid, 13-2 lin. long;

flowers terminal, 3-4-nate; pedicels viscid-pubescent, 1-2 lin.

long ; bracts approximate or remote, linear, viscid-pubescent, 1 lin.

long; sepals lanceolate, glabrous, viscid, coloured, 1-12 lin. long;

corolla urceolate-campanulate, only slightly or not contracted at the

throat, viscidulous, pale rosy, 21-38 lin. long ; segments somewhat

large and well-spreading, rounded, from 1—2 the length of the tube ;

anthers included, dorsifixed at the base, longitudinally subsemi-

ovate, obtuse, glabrous, over 1 lin. long, crested; pore about % the

length of the cell; crests lanceolate, acuminate, serrulate, nearly

equal to the cell; style included; stigma capitate; ovary densely

hirsute.

Coast ReGion: Queenstown Div.; Hangklip Mountain, 6000-6300 ft.,

Galpin, 1611! he

EasTERgN REGIoN, from 2500 to 6000 ft.: Natal; by the Umzimkulu River

at Handcocks Drift, Tyson, 3066! by the Mooi River, near Weston, Wood,

5476! 5326! Rehmann, 7357! Schlechter, 3341!

“ono Recion: Orange River Colony; Mont-aux-Sources, 6000 ft.,

us!

Mr, Schlechter describes it as overhanging the streams in Natal.

Erica.) ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 195

278. E. spectabilis (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 659) ;

stout, erect; branches straight -or flexuous, cano-puberulous, glab-

rescent ; leaves 3-nate, usually erect-incurved, imbricate, oblong or

obovate-oblong, obtuse, sulcate, thick, glossy or minutely ‘puberu-

lous, gland-ciliolate, 1-23 lin. long; flowers terminal, _ 3-nate;

pedicels spreading, gland-pubescent, 23-3} lin. long; bracts sub-

remote or remote, sepal-like, whitish ; sepals ovate or subobovate,

obtuse, keel-tipped, gland-ciliolate, glabrous, white, reaching to

about 1 the height of the corolla, 1-14 lin. long; corolla globose-

urceolate, moderately contracted at the throat, glabrous, viscidulous

or nearly dry, 14-21 lin. long; segments short, erect, rounded;

anthers included, dorsifixed at the base, subtriangular-cuneate or.

oblong, obtuse, ciliolate or naked, 2 lin. long, decurrent-aristate ;

pore 2 the length of the cell; awns decurrent along the produced.

widened deflexed dark-coloured connective, free for about 3 their

length, ciliate or scaberulous, nearly as long as or somewhat exceed-

ing the cells; style included; stigma capitellate or subsimple; ovary

glabrous, pallid on a dark disk.

Coast Reaion: Bredasdorp Div.; on the chalk hills between Cape Agulhas

and Potte Berg, below 500 {t., Drége ! Mareus Bay, Fry in Herb. Galpin, 4968 |!

Riversdale Div.; on a ridge overlooking Stil Buy at Milkwood Fontein, 600 ft.,

Galpin, 3625! ‘

- Galpin’s 4968 closely resembles the type which was distributed by: Drége

at E. lachneifolia’”’; his 3625 has larger leaves, but otherwise ; differs

1 .

274. E. flocciflora (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 660); branches

long and somewhat virgate, the younger cano-pubescent ; leaves

4-nate, erect (at least the younger), oblong-linear, obtuse, keeled,

sulcate, the younger tomentose-lanate, the older glabrous and glossy,

about 2 lin. long; flowers mostly terminal, 3-nate (or “ occasionally

lateral?” Bentham); pedicels tomentose, stout, 4 lin. long; bracts

subapproximate, floceose-lanate ; sepals ovate-oblong, subobtuse,

keel-tipped, densely floccose-lanate, subscarious, 2 lin. long; corolla

urceolate, mouth at maturity much contracted, tomentose, viscid,

thick, 23-3 lin. long; limb short, erect ; anthers “ broadly-crested ””

(Bentham) ; style exserted ; stigma ‘clavate ; capsule nearly as large

as the corolla, with a conical top, smooth, glossy, glabrous.

Coast REcion: Uniondale Div.; rocky hill ‘near Groot River in the Long

Kloof, near the village of Haarlem, Burchell, 4992!

~ Very different from any other species in this section by the peculiar indu-

mentum on its sepals. Unfortunately, Burchell’s specimens are fructiferous,

and we have been unable to find an anther.

975. E. Alexandri (Guthrie & Bolus) ; subdecumbent, 10-13 in.

high ; branches numerous, ascending, weak and somewhat straggling,

leafy, dark red, pubescent and also hispid with long gland-tipped

hairs; leaves 4-nate, spreading or squarrose, linear to broad-elliptical,

blunt, pubescent or glabrescent, ciliate with long glandular hairs,

about 1 lin, long; flowers terminal, sub-4-nate or um bellate ;

eee es

196 -ERIcACE® (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

pedicels slender, red, thinly pilose, 14 lin. long; bracts approximate,

foliaceous, spreading, gland-hairy; sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute,

searious, keeled, glandular-pilose on the keel only, ciliolate with

short sessile- brown glands, 1 lin. long; corolla urceolate, well con-

tracted at the mouth, viscid, glabrous, 2 lin. long, 14 lin. wide ;

limb spreading, about + the length of the tube; filaments broad,

subequal ; anthers subexserted, dorsifixed considerably above the

base, oblong, obtuse, smooth, glabrous, about 2 lin. long, crested ;

pore 1—2 the length of the cell; crests semiorbicular, lacerate, very

little longer or wider than the base and sides of the cells; style

slender, long exserted ; stigma capitate; ovary hispid, chiefly on the

apex.

dee REGION : Paarl Div. ; sandy flats below Paarl Mountain, Alexander,

276. E. frigida (Bolus in Journ. Bot. 1894, 235); suberect,

decumbent or sometimes at higher elevations densely matted and

procumbent ; branches straggling, slender, the younger thinly pilose,

up to 12 in. long; leaves 4-nate, subrecurved, spreading or squarrose,

elliptical or oblong, thick, sulcate, margins rough with tubercle-

based glandular hairs, rarely subnaked and glossy, 3-1 lin. long;

flowers terminal, sub-4-nate or umbellate (4—5-flowered) ; pedicels

viscid, about 1 lin. long; bracts subapproximate, glandular-ciliate,

small; sepals broad- to narrow-lanceolate, acute, searious, coloured,

viscid, keel-tipped and gland-ciliate near the apex, about +* lin.

long; corolla urceolate or ovoid-urceolate, gradually contracted

towards. the month and well-constricted at the throat, viscid, glabrous

or rarely very minutely puberulous, 11—1% lin. long, deep red to rosy

and whitish ; segments spreading, short, about + the length of the

tube; anthers included, dorsifixed above the base, subcuneate,

obtuse, or subnarrow-ovate, smooth, glabrous, over 3 lin. long,

aristate ; pore nearly } the length of the cell; awns rough, spreading,

about 2 the length of the cell; style included ; stigma subsimple ;

ovary densely villous.

EASTERN ReEGIon, between 6000 and 7000 ft.: Griqualand East; summit of

Mount Currie, Tyson, 1255! 1771! Insiswa Mountain, Schlechter, 6451!

Natal; summit of Amawahqua Mountain, Evans, 675! Wood, 4580! ee

KALAHARI ReGion: Orange River Colony ; summit of the Mont-aux-Sources,

9500 ft., Flanagan, 2029! Thode, 32! 65! Bolus!

277. E. nubigena (Bolus in Journ. Bot. 1894, 236); erect, 6-12

in. high; branches usually much-spreading and numerous, stout,

glabrous, brittle ; leaves mostly 3-nate, more rarely 3—4-nate on the

same plant, suberect to squarrose, linear-oblong or narrow-elliptical,

subobtuse, sulcate, glabrous, thick, viscid, glossy, sparsely gland-

eiliolate or naked, the younger black-apiculate, rather long-petiolate,

13-22 lin. long ; flowers terminal, 3—4-nate; pedicels slender, viscid,

-eoloured, 4-6 lin. long; bracts remote, 2 median, 1 subbasal, viscid,

adpressed ; sepals lanceolate, acute, coriaceous, viscid, minutely

keel-tipped, glabrous, gland-ciliolate, 1}-2 lin. long; corolla ovoid-

Erica.] ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 197

urceolate, very viscid, glabrous, red or purple, 3-31 lin. long; limb

short, spreading, about ; the length of the tube; filaments rather

narrow ; anthers included, dorsifixed near the base, oblong-cuneate,

obtuse, smooth, glabrous, 2 lin. long, aristate; pore nearly 1 the

length of the cell; awns subulate-acuminate from a broadish base,

curved, about 3 the length of the cell; style included; stigma

capitate; ovary deeply 8-lobed, velvety, hispidulous at the apex.

Coast Region: Tulbagh Div.; rocks on the Great Winterhoek Berg,

6100 ft., Marloth, 1630! Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4171! Worcester Div.; on

the Matroos Berg, 5500 ft., Marloth, 2209 !

CENTRAL Reeion: Ceres Div.; on the Tafelberg in the Cold Bokkeveld,

6200 ft., Schlechter, 10092! ;

278. E. formosa (Thunb. Diss. Erica, 49, t. 8); erect, 1-2 ft.

high; branches erect or spreading, hispid or pubescent, somewhat

slender ; leaves 3-nate, the younger suberect, the older spreading or

squarrose, elliptical or oblong, obtuse, thiek, sulcate, glabrous, glossy,

the younger ciliolate, 1-14 lin. long; flowers 3-nate; pedicels

slender, pubescent, 2 lin. long; bracts approximate, like the sepals

but smaller; sepals spreading or reflexed, ovate or broad-lanceolate,

acute, coriaceous, coloured, subviscid, glabrous, about 1 lin. long;

corolla globose-urceolate, distinctly or suddenly contracted at the

throat, with 8 longitudinal channels, viscid, glabrous, white, about

2 lin. long; segments spreading or recurved, about } the length of

the tube ; filaments bent round the ovary and again contracted round

the stigma; anthers included, dorsifixed at the base upon the

thickened projecting connective, oblong, smooth, ciliate at the base,

nearly + lin. long, aristate or subcrested ; pore nearly as long as the

cell; awns broad linear, densely ciliate, partially decurrent along the

connective which stands out at a wide angle from the cells, with long

free spreading points, the whole about 3 of the cell in length ; style

included, much thickened towards the truncate apex ; stigma sub-

simple ; ovary densely hirsute. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 659. H.

grandinosa, Andr. Heathery, t. 265, and Col. Heaths, t. 238;

Lodd. Bot, Cab. t. 627. E. quadrata, Lodd. L.c. t, 1943.

Sour AFRica: without locality, Thunberg, and cultivated specimens !

Coast ReGion : Swellendam Div.; Voormansbosch, Ecklon Sy Zeyher, 136!

George Div. ; Outeniqualand, Masson, 82! Cradock Berg, Mund! Kaymaus

Gat, Drége, 7756! Malgaten River, 400 ft., Young in Herb. Bolus, 5521! Knysna

Div.; near Knysna, Buachell, 5453! 5500! Tyson in MacOwan § Bolus, Herb.

Norm, Aust.-Afr., 994 !

279. E. umbelliflora (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 659) ;

branches cano-pubescent with minutely plumose hairs; leaves 3-nate,

erect or spreading, oblong, obtuse, glabrous, glossy, thick, coriaceous,

mostly 1-14 (occasionally 2-3, Bentham) lin. long; flowers in few-

flowered umbels, more or less viseid ; pedicels floccose with minutely

plumose hairs, 1-1} lin. long; bracts approximate, somewhat spread-

ing, broad-ovate or suborbicular, shortly acute, keeled in the upper

half, coriaceous, matging scarious, concave, horn-coloured, }—$ lin.

198 ErtcacEx (Guthrie & Bolus), [ Erica.

long; sepals. like the. bracts, but larger and more distinctly, but

shortly, ciliolate, about 1 lin. long and nearly as wide, not reaching

half the height of the corolla; corolla subglobose, subtetragonous,

shortly tapering to. the apex, scarcely constricted at the throat,

about 12 lin. long; segments (in the dried state) connivent, incurved,

broad, 1-1 the length of the tube; anthers included, dorsifixed

considerably above the base, oblong, obtuse, nearly } lin. long,

muticous; pore about 4 the length of the cell; style well-exserted,

slender ; stigma capitellate; ovary depressed, much wider than its

length, glabrous.

Coast ReGion: Mossel Bay Div.; Attaquas Kloof, Musson, 61! Humans-

dorp Div. ; dry sandy eminences near Gamtoos River, Masson, 60!

CrentRAL Reaion: Prince Albert Div.; on the Great Zwartberg Range,

near Vrolykheid, 4000-5000 ft., Drége, 7757 !

280. E. tragulifera (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 374); some-

what slender, with the habit, general appearance and the leaves of

the preceding; flowers 3-nate; pedicels pubescent, 1-2 lin. long;

bracts approximate, scarious, viscid; sepals spreading or erect,

lanceolate, acute or acuminate, subscarious, viscid, glabrous, about

1 lin. long; corolla ovoid-ureeolate, tapering gradually to the con-

stricted throat, viscid, glabrous, sometimes with 8 longitudinal

channels, white, 2-21 lin. long; segments erect or slightly spread-

ing, short; anthers included, dorsifixed at the base upon the

thickened projecting connective, oblong, smooth, ciliate below,

aristate ; cells deeply partite and at length separating down to the

connective at the base, nearly 1 lin. long; pore 2—% the length of

the cell ; awns broad-linear, densely ciliate, partially decurrent along

the projecting connective, spreading, as long as in the preceding

species; style included, straight, equal to the apex; stigma small,

subsimple or capitellate ; ovary densely hirsute. EH. nitida, Andr.

Heathery, t. 181, and Col. Heaths, t. 188; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t.

1131; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii, 659. E. Gordonia, Forbes,

Hort. Woburn. 81.

Sourn ArRica: without locality, cultiwated specimens !

Coast Reeion: George Div.; near George, Alexander, 13 ; Montagu Pass,

1200 ft., Young in Herb. Bolus, 5523!. Schlechter, 5783! Uniondale Div. ;—

Keurbooms River, in the Long Kloof, Masson, 81! Long Kloof, Mund !

CENTRAL ReGIon: Prince Albert Div.; near Klaarstrom, 8000-4000 ft.,

Drege, 7765.

We have carefully examined only the specimens of Young and Schlechter,

and cannot be certain of the others, though they are probably correctly named.

281. E. glomiflora (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi, 330) ; erect,

1-12 ft. high ; branches suberect or spreading, floccose with very

short subplumosé ‘hairs, beset with. many short flowering branches ;

leaves 3-nate, erect or spreading, crowded, subulate-linear, obtuse,

glabrous and glossy, or puberulous, the younger ecartilagineo-ciliolate,

1-3 lin. long ; flowers terminal, 3-nate; pedicels slender, pubescent.

13-3» lin. long; bracts approximate, coriaceous, coloured, rigid,

Erica.] ERIcacEa (Guthrie & Bolus). 199

sepal-like, sometimes equalling or even exceeding the sepals in length ;

sepals ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, keel-tipped, thick, coria-

ceous, adpressed or subsquarrose, glabrous, viscid, coloured, {—1} lin.

long; corolla ovoid-urceolate, sometimes slightly narrowed above,

at others into a distinct and somewhat narrow neck, viscid, white or

red, 23-3 lin. long; segments spreading or nearly erect; anthers

included, dorsifixed near the base, narrow-oblong, subacute, 3-3}

times longer than the width at the middle, smooth, ciliate at the

base, 3-2 lin. long, aristate at the base; pore about % the length of

the cell; awns broad-linear, densely ciliate, partially deeurrent

along the filament or connective, which projects at an angle from the

cell, thence free and bent downwards, in total length about equal to

the cells; style included; stigma small, subclavate-capitellate ;

ovary densely hirsute. E. reflewa, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 371;

Andr. Heathery, t. 283, and Col. Heaths, t. 263; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t.

1787; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 659. HE. vesicaria, Soland, ex

Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 330.

Van. 8, canthareformis (Bolus) ; corolla 4 lin. long, with a longer neck than

in the type. E. cantharxformis, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1961.

SourH Arrica: without locality, cultivated specimens! Var. 8: Masson (in

Herb. Trinity College, Dublin) !

Coast ReGion: Mossel Bay Div.; Attaquas Kloof, Masson, 79! Niven, 48!

George Div.; Devils Kop, near George, Masson, 89! Outeniqua Mountains,

Herb. Bolus, 6305! Oudtshoorn Div.; Zwartberg Pass, 4200 ft., Marloth,

2410! Kolbe! Atherstone, 266! Uniondale Div.; near Haarlem, in Long Kloof,

Galpin, 3642!

282. E. physodes (Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. x. 1002) ; erect, 11-21 ft.

high; branchlets and pedicels puberulous, otherwise glabrous ;

branches strong, rigid, erect, straightish, and, like the branchlets,

densely leafy; leaves 4- (more rarely 3-) nate, ereet-spreading,

imbricate, linear, obtuse, more or less triquetrous, keeled, not sulcate,

shining, about 3 lin. long ; flowers terminal (sometimes sublateral,

Bentham), 3—4-nate, mostly cernuous ; pedicels 4-3 lin. long; bracts

remote or sometimes subapproximate, like the sepals but narrower

and smaller; sepals ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, green-keel-tipped, thick,

coriaceous, viscid, whitish, 1}—2 lin. long ; corolla globose-urceolate

or suburceolate-ovoid, much constricted at the throat, very viscid,

white, 3-4 lin. long ; segments erect or slightly spreading, at length

connivent and almost closing the mouth, }-+ the length of the tube ;

anthers included, dorsifixed at the base, oblong, subacute, glabrous,

smooth, a little over } lin. long ; pore about + the length of the cell ;

crests semiorbicular and crenulate at the base with a long terminal

linear spreading lobe, glabrous, about 7 the length of the cell ; style

included or slightly exserted, equal; stigma capitellate ; ovary

turbinate, on a very short contracted foot, glabrous. Andr. Heathery,

t. 34, and Col. Heaths, t. 45; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 7, 13; Bot.

Mag. t. 443; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 228; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

659. E. sequax, Salish. Prodr. 293, and in Trans. Linn, Soc. vi.

378. .

200 ERIcCACEZ (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

Soutn Arrica : without locality, cultivated specimens !

Coast RreGion: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, Thunberg, Ecklon, 12! Simons

Bay, Alexander, 6! Bolus, 3711! and in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 49! Guthrie,

554! Noord Hoek Mountains, Wolley Dod, 1070!

283. E. Urna-viridis (Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxiv. 180);

erect, 38-5 ft. high; stem unbranched and leafless below for about

half its height; branches few and spreading, straggling, leafy,

puberulous ; leaves and flowers as in the preceding species ; pedicels

viscidulous, 3-4 lin. long; bracts remote, small; sepals as in the

preceding; corolla ovoid or narrow-ovoid, subobtuse, viseid, bright

green, 4—6 lin. long; segments erect, connivent; anthers as in the

preceding species, but larger, about 1 lin. long; the rest as in the

preceding.

Coast Recion: Cape Div.; Muizenberg Mountain, Zeyher, 3194! 4997!

Bolus, 3355! MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 42! Guthrie, 350!

Wolley Dod, 573! Cape Flats, Burke!

Dried specimens of this are not easily distinguished from the preceding. In

the living state it is at once known by its habit and green flowers. The pedicels

in this are longer; the corolla larger, with no tendency towards a globular

shape. It is noteworthy that while this species has a flowering season from

September to March, and a zone of growth in altitude of from 600 to 2300 ft.,

E. physodes flowers from June to Sept., and has a zone of from 2300-

2800 ft. So far as is known to us the two species do not: grow on the same

mountain,

284. E. Fairii (Bolus in Journ, Bot. 1894, 236); erect, 1-12 ft.

high, glabrous; branches ascending, sometimes spreading or strag-

gling, stout, leafy, rigid leaves 4~-6- (usually 5-) nate, spreading,

recurved, elliptical or oblong, obtuse, thick, rigid, sulcate, margins

cartilagineo-denticulate, 2-3 lin. long, the floral obovate and some-

what dilated, closely enveloping the pedicels and bracts, and together

with bracts, sepals and corolla, very viscid ; flowers terminal, 4-nate

or subcapitate, subcernuous, subcalycine ; pedicels 4-1 lin. long;

bracts closely approximate, oblanceolate, scarious, keeled and keel-

tipped, denticulate or sublacerate, 3 lin. long; sepals linear, acute,

margins inflexed and glandular, keel-tipped, subscarious, greenish,

about 3 lin. long; corolla tubular-urceolate, only slightly inflated

below and very little constricted at the throat, white, about 4 lin.

long; segments erect or slightly spreading, erosulate, about + the

length of the tube; filaments broad, tapering upwards; anthers

included, dorsifixed at the base, oblong, obtuse, roughish, + lin. long,

aristate ; pore about the length of the cell; awns free, spreading,

rough-edged, about $ the length of the cell; style slender, at length

slightly exserted; stigma capitate; ovary turbinate, pallid, glabrous,

Coast REaton: Cape Div.; rocky ridges on the mountain near Simons

Town, 800 ft., Fair in Herb, Bolus, 719£! and in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr.,

1308! Wolley Dod, 1118!

285. E. oblongifiora (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii, 632); erect,

2-3 ft. high; branches spreading or straggling, ‘stout, leafy and

Erica.} ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 201

pubescent. above, naked and glabrescent below, dark-coloured and

rough with leaf-scars; leaves mostly 4-nate, occasionally somewhat

scattered, crowded, spreading, recurved, oblong or narrow-elliptical,

obtuse, deeply and widely sulcate, glabrous, thick, shining, margins

cartilagineo-denticulate, 1-2 lin. long; flowers terminal, 4-nate;

pedicels 23—4 lin. long; bracts approximate, oblong, thick, scarious,

about 1 lin. long; sepals lanceolate, acute, keeled, thick, scarious,

coloured, about 2 lin. long ; corolla narrow-ovoid or suburceolate-ovoid,

viscid, glabrous, of thick consistence, greenish, with 16 faint longi-

tudinal veins, 4-5} lin. long; segments small, erect, semiorbicular,

about =; the length of the tube; filaments broad at the base,

tapering upwards with a sigmoid curve; anthers included, dorsifixed

at the base, linear-cuneate, subacute, smooth, glabrous, * lin. long,

decurrent-aristate ; pore about 2 the length of the cell ; awns adnate

to the filament for about 13 lin., with acute free tooth-like

points; style shortly exserted; stigma clavate-capitate; ovary

glabrous. H. decurrens, Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 632.

Li. oblongifolia, Steud. Nom. ed. 2, i. 577.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Bowie!

Coast Region: Bredasdorp Div.; rocky hill near Bredasdorp and Mier

Kraal, 250ft., Bolus, 8453 ! Guthrie, 3781! Schlechter, 10504!

286. E. odorata (Andr. Heathery, t. 177, and Col. Heaths, t.

191); erect, glabrous, 3-1 ft. high ; branches ascending, not much

spreading ; leaves 3-nate (or also 4-nate, Bentham), squarrose-

recurved, crowded, linear to oblanceolate, obtuse and callous at the

apex, thick, keeled and faintly sulcate, closely ciliate with stiff gland-

tipped hairs, which sometimes extend also to the reduplications on

either side of the keel, including the long pallid petiole (of about

1 lin.) 3-4 lin. long; flowers terminal and lateral, subracemose-

umbellate, 3-4-0 -flowered ; pedicels slender, varying much in length

during flowering, 3-7 lin. (or 1 in. in cultivated specimens) ;

bracts remote and distant from each other, linear-lanceolate; sepals

lanceolate, aeute, subcoriaceous, green-keel-tipped, closely gland-

ciliolate, whitish, 23 lin. long; corolla suburceolate, scareely con-

stricted at the throat, subviscid, white, about 4 lin. long; segments

erect or slightly spreading, broad and short (in cultivated specimens

the throat is more constricted and the segments more spreading) ;

filaments narrow, equal, about 4 the length of the corolla; anthers

included, dorsifixed above the base, oblong-ovate or narrow-elliptical,

obtuse, smooth, about 2 lin. long, muticous; pore about 2 the length

of the cell; style included; stigma capitellate; ovary glabrous.

Bot. Mag. t. 1399; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 633; Benth. in DC. Prodr.

vii. 660. E. adenophylla, Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soe. xxiv. 181.

E. spirans, Hojmansegg, Verz. Pfl. Nachtr. ii, 28.

SovtTH AFRICA: without locality, Niven ! and cultivated specimens !

_ Coast Recron: Caledon Div,; mountains about Houw Hoek, 3000-4000 ft.,

Bolus, 5453! Schlechter, 5446 !

The rediscovery of the wild plant by two recent collectors enables us to describe

202 ERIcacEx (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

it as it grows in its native home, and to perceive that such differences as exist

between it and the figures and descriptions above referred to are almost entirely

those of size and luxuriance due to the effects of cultivation.

287. E. ardens (Andr. Heathery, t. 51, and Col. Heaths, t. 75) ;

erect, 1-11 ft. high; branches stoutish, subvirgate, puberulous or

glabrous ; leaves generally 3- (occasionally 4-) nate, erect to spread-

ing, linear or linear-lanceolate, sulcate, somewhat thick, glossy, rigid,

the younger minutely cartilagineo-serrulate, 3-5 lin. long; flowers

terminal, 3-nate, or sometimes solitary and by arrest of the lateral

branchlets pseudo-lateral ; pedicels 3-5 lin. long; bracts remote or

subapproximate, like the sepals but smaller ; sepals ovate or ovate-

lanceolate, acute or obtuse, keel-tipped, thick, coriaceous, viscid,

coloured, 13~—2 lin. long; corolla ovoid-urceolate to globose-urceolate,

thick, very viseid, at length much inflated, coral-red or white,

3-4 lin. long ; segments suberect, broad, from 1—1 the length of the

tube ; filaments more or less dilated, sometimes much so, lanceolate,

much bent below the anther; anthers ineluded, dorsifixed above the

base, oblong, scaberulous, obtuse, * lin. long, crested; pore 3—2 the

length of the cell; crests lanceolate, deeply lacerate, more or less

densely hairy, 1—% the length of: the cell; style included, slender ;

stigma small, capitellate ; ovary glabrous. Bot. Reg. ¢. 115; Lodd.

Bot. Cab.t. 47 ; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 660.

SoutH AFRICA: without locality, cultivated specimens !

Coast Reeion, from 1000-4000 ft.: Swellendam Div.; rocky places above

Voormans Bosch, Zeyher, 3208; mountains near Swellendam, Mund, 78 or 98!

Bolus Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 602! Niven, 50! between Sparrbosch and

Tradouw, Drége! Kennedy in Herb. Bolus, 1200! Riversdale Div.; Garcias

Pass, Bain in Herb. Bolus, 2961! Galpin, 3637! Schlechter, 1715!

288. E. blenna (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 379) ; erect,

1-1} ft. high; branches stout, ascending, virgate or flexuous,

puberulous or glabrous ; leaves 3-nate, mostly erect and imbricate or

subspreading, linear, subobtuse, flat above, keeled and sulcate beneath,

glabrous, 4-5 lin. long; flowers terminal, 3-nate (“here and there

sublateral,” Bentham) ; pedicels about 4 lin. long; bracts remote,

lanceolate, about 3 lin. long; sepals ovate, acuminate, keel-tipped,

thickish, subscarious, viscid, coloured or greenish, about 23 lin. long ;

corolla conical-ovoid or suburceolate-conical, much contracted to the

mouth but only slightly constricted at the throat, very viscid, 41-61

lin. long, bright orange-red, the limb and some distance below it

green ; segments spreading or erect, about 1 the length of the tube;

filaments broad at the base tapering upwards, bent below the anther;

anthers included, dorsifixed well above the base, cuneate, subacute,

scaberulous, ciliolate, about 1 lin. long, crested ; pore 3~2 the length

of the cell; crests quite free from the filament, subsemiorbicular in

_ outline, deeply inciso-lacerate, about + the length of the cell; style

ineluded, straight ; stigma capitellate ; ovary glabrous. E. vernix

and var. longiflora, Andr. Heathery, tt. 248 and 250, and Col.

Heaths, tt. 214 and 285; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 660. E.

resinosa, Bot. Mag. t. 1189; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 679.

EBrica.} eRIcAcEs (Guthrie & Bolus). 203

Var. 8, grandiflora (Bolus); flowers usually solitary, rarely in pairs; corolla

8-10 lin. long; anthers 14 lin. long.

SoutH AFricé: without locality, Bain in Herb. Bolus, 3193! and cultivated

specimens !

Coast Reeion: Swellendam Div.; Grootvaders Bosch, Masson, 47! near

Tradouw Pass, MacOwan Sf Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 603! Zuurbraak,

3000 ft., Galpin, 3639! Riet Kuil, Niven, 51! Var. 8B, Riversdale Div.; exact

locality unknown, Miss Borcherds in Herb. Bolus, 6310! and in Herb. Guthrie,

2364! Bredasdorp Div. ; De Villiers in Cape Govt. Herb.

Our var. B appears to be somewhat rare; there is a striking difference in size,

but in structure it is too close to be specifically distinguished.

289. E. ixanthera (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 660); decumbent,

glabrous; branches slender, simple, curved, distantly leafy, 6 in. or

more long; leaves 3-nate, spreading, curved, distant, but mostly

longer than the internodes, slender, linear, obtuse, subcallous at the

apex, flattish above, sulcate below, somewhat thin, shining, 3-5 lin.

long; flowers terminal, umbellate, 5-8-flowered (or sometimes sub-

racemose with the terminal branch continued, Bentham) ; pedicels

slender, spreading, 3-6 lin. long; bracts remote, small; sepals

lanceolate, subacute, keel-tipped, thick, rigid, viscid, about 1 lin.

long; corolla “ urceolate-globose ” (Bentham) or suboblate-urceolate,

throat slightly constricted, viscid, about 2 lin. long, 2} lin. wide ;

segments rather large, 1 the length of the tube, subereet ; filaments

subequal, bent in a simple semicireular curve round and close to the

ovary ; anthers included, dorsifixed at the base upon a prolongation

of the connective, spreading at nearly a right angle from the cell,

oblong, pubescent, about $ lin. long; pore about $ the length of the

cell; awns deeurrent along the connective with free points (of about

1 lin. long), the whole about as long as, or sometimes much exceed-

ing, the cells; style included; ovary oblate, much depressed, width

twice the length, lobed, glabrous,

Coast ReGion: Riversdale Div.; lower part of the Langeberg Range, at

Garcias Pass, Burchell, 6942!

290. E. carduifolia (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 330) ; erect,

6-12 in. high ; branches ascending or spreading, somewhat flexuous,

roughly hispid; leaves 3-nate, mostly somewhat distant, either longer

or shorter than the internodes, spreading, squarrose or recurved,

linear-oblong, obtuse, convex above and thick, sulcate or open-

backed, long-setose-ciliate, the younger with gland-tipped hairs,

2-4 lin. long; flowers terminal, umbellate, or (by the arrest of

lateral branchlets). sometimes pseudo-racemose ; pedicels slender,

viscid, 4—5 lin. long; bracts remote, small, the lowest basal or nearly

so ; sepals linear-lanceolate to subovate, acute, thick, viscid, minutely

gland-ciliolate, about 1} lin, long ; corolla suburceolate or urceolate-

cyathiform, wide-mouthed, scarcely contracted at the throat, viscid,

red, 3-33 lin. long, 2+22 lin, wide; segments erect, about } the

length of the tube; filaments remarkably short, _broad-lanceolate,

scarcely over 1 lin. long; anthers included, dorsifixed above the

base upon a prolongation of the connective bent downwards at an

204 ERICACEX (Guthrie & Bolus). { Erica.

angle of about 45° with the cell, oblong, smooth, glabrous, under? lin.

long, aristate ; pore about 2 the length of the cell; awns decurrent

for a short distance along the connective, with longer free spreading

points, the whole about equal to, or shorter than, the cell; style

included; stigma subsimple or clavate, small ; ovary glabrous.

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 660. E. aprica, Klotzsch ex Benth. l.c.

660.

Coast Reeion: Caledon Div.; high on the Baviaans Kloof Mountains, near

Genadendal, Niven, 21! summit of Genadendal Mountain, Galpin, 3636!

Zwart Berg, near Caledon, Bodkin in Herb, Bolus, 6731! Galpin, 3635!

Swellendam Div, ; mountains near Appels Kraal, Zeyher, 3214 !

291. E. obliqua (Thunb. Diss. Erica, 44, t. 1) ; erect, entirely

glabrous, 1-12 ft. high ; branches few, subsimple, virgate, densely

leafy ; leaves scattered, spreading, crowded, long-petiolate, narrow-

linear, obtuse, slender, sulcate, glabrous, 3-5 lin. long; flowers

terminal and sublateral at the ends of the branches, umbellate ;

pedicels spreading, slender, viscid glandular, 4-8 lin. long; bracts

remote, linear; sepals ovate-oblong, obtuse, somewhat laxly set,

thick, concave, viscid, 1—% lin. long; corolla ovoid-urceolate, con-

stricted at the throat, thick, viscid, glabrous or often minutely

hispidulous on the, upper part, 31—4 lin. long ; segments erect or

subspreading, large, 1-1 the length of the tube ; filaments dilated at

the apex ; anthers included, dorsifixed shortly above the base, linear-

cuneate or semiovate, aeute, smooth, glabrous, 2-1 lin. long, cristate ;

pore 3-5 the length of the cell; crests semiorbicular, coarsely

dentate, about 3 the length of the cell; style included; stigma

capitellate; ovary stipitate, glabrous. Bauer, Exot. Pl. t. 3;

Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 17, 17, t. 830; Andr. Heathery, t. 33, and

Col. Heaths, t. 42; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 14; Benth. in DC. Prodr.

vii. 661.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Herb. Salisbury ! ites

Coast ReGion: Cape Divy.; Muizenberg Mountain, 1400 ft., Bolus, 4518!

Guthrie, 321! MacOwan, Herb. Norm, Aust.-Afr., 25! Table Mountain, Wolley

Dod, 814! near Simons Town, Wolley Dod, 812! Steilenbosch Diy. 3; Hottentots

Holland Mountains, Zeyher, 3211! Thunberg. Caledon Div.; between Palmiet

River and Lowrys Pass, Burchell, 8184!:Houw Hoek Mountains, Burchell,

8032! 8101! Galpin, 3641! Guthrie, 2288!

In structure, and especially by the stipitate ovary, this and the following species

are near to E. inflata, Thunb., and form a link with the § Ceramus,

292. E. macroloma (Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 661) ; erect, 12 in.

or more high; branches long, straightish, leafy, minutely gland-

pubescent; leaves 8-nate, rather long-petiolate, imbricate, erect-

spreading, linear-oblong or linear-obcuneate, obtuse, viscidulous,

margins neatly, prominently and shortly gland-ciliolate, 2-3 lin.

long; flowers as in the preceding species; pedicels very slender,

viscid, 3-9 lin. long; bracts remote, small, foliaceous ; sepals folia-

ceous, lanceolate or oblong, obtuse, adpressed to the corolla, viscid,

gland-ciliolate, 14 lin. or more long ; corolla obconie, viscid, glabrous,

Brica.] ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). 205

or sometimes scantily pilose on the tube, pale rose, 3-32 lin. long

(dried and pressed specimens 23—3 lin. wide at the apex) ; segments

widened but not curved, oblong or ovate, acute or obtuse “nearly

2 lin. long, or somewhat exceeding the tube, a gibbous thick callus

at the base of each sinus; filaments broadish, equal, only a little

longer than the anther; anthers ineluded, dorsifixed just above the

base, broad-linear, subincurved, smooth, glabrous, $-1 lin. long

cristate ; pore about 2 the length of the cell; crests sublanceolate,

lacerate, with a sharp terminal lobe, more than } the length of the

cell; style manifest, about equalling the corolla; stigma capitate ;

ovary glabrous, somewhat constricted at the base, but scarcely

stipitate.

Coast Rearon: Clanwilliam Div. ; near Clanwilliam, Letpoldt in MacOwan

Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1631! Caledon Div.; Great Houw Hoek Mountains, Masson,

78! mountains near Lowrys Puss, Grisbrook in Herb. Guthrie, 3028! mountains

near Palmiet River, Guthrie in MacOwan, Herb, Aust-4fr., 1916!

Section XXI. HERMES. (Sp. 293-307.)

293. E. empetrifolia (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 507) ; erect, 6-12 in.

high ; branches erect or spreading, rough with the scars of prominent

leaf-cushions, puberulous or glabrous; leaves 6-nate, ascending,

imbricate, the lower squarrose-incurved, linear, blunt, sulcate, thick,

hispid, the younger ciliate, 2—4 lin. long; inflorescence a dense

pseudo-spike towards the ends of the branches, mostly 1 in. or less

(rarely 2 in.) long, + in. or less wide; pedicels glabrous, straight,

1 lin. or less long; bracts remote, linear, long-ciliate; sepals

narrow-lanceolate, pilose near the apex, long-ciliate, 14 lin. long ;

corolla suburceolate, only slightly constricted at the throat with a

somewhat tapering neck, sparsely pilose or glabrous, red, about

21 lin. long; segments spreading, rounded, }—} the length of the

tube; anthers lateral, dorsifixed near the base, oblong, obtuse,

glabrous, about } lin. long, narrow-crested ; pore } the length of the

cell; crests small, lanceolate-acuminate, lacerate or lobed below,

about 2 the length of the cell; style exserted; stigma capitate ;

ovary hispidulous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 663; Bot. Mag. t.

447; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 5, 18; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1875. L£.

malleolaris, Salish. in Trans, Linn. Soc. vi. 370. EH. empetrina,

Linn. Syst. ed. x. 1003. . mollearis, Pers. Syn. i. 422.

’ Sourn ArRrica: without locality, Herb, Salisbury !

Coast Rreton: Cape Divy.; mountains between Cape Town and False Bay,

Thunberg ; near Simons Bay, Milne, 121! Table Mountain, Burchell, 533!

Bolus, 4613! Wolley Dod, 3335!

294. E. pyxidiflora (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 371) ; erect,

1-2 ft. high; branches virgate, glabrous, rough, scarred; leaves

6-nate, densely crowded, erect, imbricate, linear-oblong, blunt,

sulcate, hispidulous, ciliate, about 23-3 lin. long ; inflorescence as in

E. empetrifolia but the spikes longer, up to 3} in.; pedicels 3 lin,

206 ERICACE# (Guthrie & Bolus). [ rica.

long ;, bracts subremote, sepal-like, rather large; sepals narrow-lanceo-

late, pilose and ciliate, about 14 lin. long; corolla subcampanuloid,

mouth widened, or the tube obconic, suddenly dilated just below the

limb into a wider bowl, glabrous, about 2 lin, long ; limb. more or less

spreading ; segments very broad and rounded, nearly equal io the

tube; anthers dorsifixed above the base, broadly elliptical, with a

large broad cushion-like hispid base, about 2 lin. long, crested ; pore

nearly equal to the cell exclusive of the cushion; crests unusually large

and broad, semi-orbicular, lacerate, resembling bat’s wings, about as

long as the cells; style exserted ; stigma capitate ; ovary glabrous.

E. empetroides, Andr, Heathery, t. 19, and Col. Heaths, t. 88; Benth.

tn DC. Prodr. vii. 663 ; Lodd, Bot. Cab. t. 1758. E. empetrifolia,

var. glauca, Wendl. Eric, Ic. fase. 11, 11.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Herb. Salisbury ! and cultivated specimens !

Coast Rxeion, between 800 and 1500 ft. : Cape Div,; Simons Bay, Wright /

on the Muizen Berg, MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 27! Guthrie, 671!

near Simons Town, Bolus, 4865! sources of Slangkop River, Wolley Dod,

3256! Ruined Valley, Grey.

295. E. amona (Wendl. Bot. Beobacht. 48, not of Salisb.) ;

erect, 12-18 in. high ; branches erect, rigid, subglabrous ; leaves

4-6-nate, subpatent or incurved, crowded with longish narrow pale

petioles, linear, blunt, sulcate, very hirsute, 2-3 Jin. long; flowers

axillary towards the ends of the branches, often somewhat dense or

subcapitate ; pedicels curved, hirsute, red, 23 lin. long; bracts

remote, hirsute, red; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, keeled, hirsute,

red, 12 lin. long; corolla broad-campanulate, glabrous, red, 2-21 lin,

long; limb oblong, broadly rounded, about equalling the tube ;

filaments dilated at the apex ;' anthers included, dorsifixed above the

base, oblong, very obtuse, glabrous, dark-coloured, about 2 lin. long,

cristate-aristate ; pore broadly elliptical, about = the length of the

cell; awns broad at the base and subdecurrent along the dilated

filament for + of their length, thence subulate-acuminate, spreading,

the whole equal to the cell; style subincluded ; stigma capitate ;

ovary turbinate, villous with red-tinged hairs. Wendl. Eric. Ic.

fasc. 17, 73, t. 28, E. noleflora, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi.

371. E. plumosa, Andr. Heathery, t. 36, and Col. Heaths, t, 120;

Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1702; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 663, not of

Thunb., nor of Wendl. . scholliana, Lodd. lc. t.538. E. glome-

rata, Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 11, fide Ind. Kei.

Var. 8, pusilla (Bolus); smaller in all parts, the virgate subsimple stems

almost filiform, 3-6 in. high, leaves and flowers few at the summit, the corolla

barely 2 lin. long.

Sourn ArFrica: without locality, Masson, Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated

specimens !

Coast Reeron, from 800-1400 ft.: Cape Div.; Simons Bay, Wright! by

streams on the Muizen Berg, 1400 ft., Bolus, 4605! and in Herb. Norm, Aust.-

Afr., 191! Steen Berg, Guthrie, 1860! Silvermine River, Wolley Dod, 1926!

Red Hill, Mrs. Jameson. Var. 8: Cape Div.; Cape Point, 800 ft., Schlechter, 7317 1

Var. B may be merely a state of 1 or 2 years old, or grown in an exposed

position, or other more severe circumstances,

Erica.) ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 207

296. E. Dodii (Guthrie & Bolus); erect, 10-12 in. high, glabrous

in all parts ; branches numerous, ‘spreading or straggling, striate with

long prominent linear leaf-cushions, deeply channelled between ;

leaves 4-nate, spreading- or squarrose-incurved, linear, acute, sulcate,

4 lin. long; inflorescence as in EH. regerminans, but the pseudo-

spikes shorter (the longest about 11 in.), narrower and denser, and

the intermixed leaves longer and more prominent ; pedicels decurved,

3-1} lin. long; bracts remote, small; sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute,

keel-tipped, searious, greenish with rosy tips, 8-1 lin. long; corolla

13-2 lin. long, campanulate-cyathiform, sometimes subobconic, about

equal at the throat and mouth; tube pale rosy becoming darker

upwards; limb bright red ; segments slightly spreading or suberect,

rounded, 1-1 the length of the tube; anthers dorsifixed near the

base, oblong, obtuse, glabrous, 1 lin. long, aristate ; pore about 1 the

length of the cell; awns subsetiform, pallid, about equal to the

cell; style included; stigma capitellate; ovary oblate-spheroidal,

glabrous.

Coast Rreton: Cape Div.; on rocks at the head of Waai Vlei, on Table

Mountain, 3000 ft., Wolley Dod, 3333! western ledges of Table Mountain,

Galpin, 3647! Caledon Div. ; summit of Genadendal Mountain, 5000 ft., Galpin,

3646 !

Closely allied to the next; distinguishable by its spreading not virgate habit,

its shorter and narrower pseudo-spikes, corolla not at all constricted at the

throat, besides some minor characters.

297. E. regerminans (Linn. Mant. Alt. 232, not of Andr.);

erect, glabrous, 1-2 ft. high; branches long, virgate, the younger

striate with long prominent leaf-cushions; leaves mostly sub-6-nate,

sometimes 3—4-nate or scattered, incurved-erect, linear, acuminate,

slender, 3-6 lin. long; inflorescence a long and mostly dense pseudo-

raceme or spike, 4—5 in. long and } in. or more in diam.; pedicels

slender, 2-3 lin. long; bracts remote, small; sepals ovate to lanceo-

late, acuminate, keel-tipped, margins scarious, about % lin. long ;

corolla from globose-urceolate to ovoid-urceolate, more or less con-

stricted at the throat, from pale rosy to bright-red, about 2 lin. long;

limb rounded, slightly spreading, about 1 the length of the tube;

anthers narrow-subovate, subacute, smooth, about 1 lin. long, crested-

aristate ; pore a little over 3 the length of the cell; awns subulate,

irregularly lobulate, bearded, about ®% the length of the cell; style

included ; stigma capitellate ; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr.

vil. 662. #. uncifolia, Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 369. £.

smithiana, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1614. £. racemifera, Andr. Heathery,

t. 188, and Col. Heaths, t. 204. H. Lichtensteinit, Klotzsch in

Linnea, xii. 504. EH. juncea, Baril. in Linnea, vii. 648 ? (from

description). E. rosea, Lichtenst. ex Klotasch, l.c.

SoutH ArFrica: without locality, Thunberg, Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated

specimens !

Coast Re@ion, between 1000 and 5000 ft.: Swellendam Div.; mountains

near Swellendam, Masson, 18! Burchell, 7314! Grootvaders Bosch, Zeyher,

208 ERtcAcExX (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Brica.

8233! on the Langeberg Range, Schlechter, 5663! Zuurbraak Mountain,

Galpin, 3644! 3645! Riversdale Div.; on the Kampsche Berg, Burchell,

7090 !

Generally distinguishable by the virgate habit, and the closely-set inflorescence.

E. regerminans, var. grandiflora, Benth. l.c., founded upon Masson’s 18, is noted

as having broader leaves and a larger corolla (24-3 lin, long).

298. E. pulchella (Houttuyn, Handl. iv. 504, t. 23, fig. 1, not of

Thunb.) ; erect, mostly 1 (rarely 11-2) ft. high; branches many,

erect, subvirgate or flexuous, pubescent ; leaves 3-nate, mostly erect

and adpressed, about equalling the internodes or subimbricate,

broadish-linear or ovate-oblong, acute or obtuse, thick, nerved above,

sulcate below, glabrous, mostly 1-2 lin. long, rarely longer; in-

florescenee closely pseudo-racemose at the ends of the branches;

flowers 1—3-nate in the axils of the leaves ; racemes mostly 1-12 in.

long, rarely longer ; pedicels pubescent, about 2 lin. long; bracts

remote, small; sepals oblong, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, obtuse,

keeled, very concave, scarious on the margin, ciliate, about 1 lin, long ;

corolla urceolate-campanulate, mouth slightly contracted, sub-

tetragonous, glabrous, rosy or dark red, 11-2 lin. long ; limb slightly

spreading, {—; the length of the tube; anthers included, sublateral,

dorsifixed at or just above the base, narrew-ovate or suboblong ;

cells partite to or below the base, about +4 lin. long, decurrent-

aristate ; pore over } the length of the cell; awns nearly equal to the

cell, the free portion of variable length; style included; stigma

capitate ; ovary glabrous or thinly and minutely puberulous. Andr.

Heathery, t. 40, and Col. Heaths, t. 49; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 307;

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 662. E. articularis, Thunb. Diss. Erica,

37, not of Linn., nor Curt. EH. caduceifera, Salisb. in Trans. Linn.

Soe. vi. 370. H. retroflewa, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 8,7. E. phyli-

coides, Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 361? EE. fureeflora, Salisb. Prodr.

294.

_ Sours Arrioa: without locality, Thunberg, Herb. Salisbury ! and cultivated

specimens !

Coast Reeion: Cape Div.; on the flats and lower mountains near Cape

Town, common, Masson, 94! Burchell, 826! Ecklon, 86! Zeyher, 1102! Sieber,

197! Harvey, 162! Guthrie, 379! Wolley Dod, 279! Stellenbosch Div. ;

between Stellenbosch and Cape Flats, Burchell, 8353/2! Hottentots Holland,

MacOwan, Herb. Norm, Aust.-Afr., 26! Caledon Div. ; between Palmiet River

and Lowrys Pass, Burchell, 8171! Guthrie, 2285! Bolus, 2124!

Thunberg appears to have been the earliest to note that in this genus the

appendages (sometimes at least) belong to the filament. He observes ( Diss.

Erica, 37): ‘‘ The anthers in this species are singular, since they seem to be

connate with the filament, so that the latter, rather than the anthers, should be

called aristate.” (Salisbury repeats the remark as if it were original.)

299. E. longiaristata (Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 663); characters

of EH. pulchella, except: habit usually more spreading, branches

more slender; corolla from obconic to subcampanulate, mostly con-

siderably widened to the mouth at full maturity, usually rosy, more

Erica.] ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus), 209

rarely crimson; segments larger, oblong, from 3-3 the length of the

tube ; anthers 3 to nearly 2 lin, long.

Soutrn Arrica: without locality, Mund!

Coast REGION, on mountains from 200-1200 ft.: Caledon Div.; near

Hermanus, Guthrie, 4119! Bredasdorp Div.; near Elim, Guthrie, 3787! Bolus,

8454! Schlechter, 7619! near Napier, Schlechter, 9657!

This comes very near to the preceding, and might perhaps be regarded as a

variety of it. The only distinction of importance is in the shape of the corolla,

which seems, however, to be constant.

300. E. flavicoma (Baril. in Linnea, vii. 639) ; erect, 6-10 in. high ;

branches virgate, slender, glabrescent; leaves mostly 3-nate, but

occasionally also 4-nate on the same plant, subimbricate, erect,

adpressed, suboblong, width more than + of the length, subacute,

concave and midnerved above, round-backed and suleate, the younger

slightly pubescent, soon glabrous, about 2 lin. long; flowers axillary

at the ends of the branches, spreading in a somewhat close pseudo-

raceme 1 in. or less long, } in. wide; pedicels 1} lin. long; bracts

remote, small ; sepals oblong-obovate, concave, keeled, subscarious,

ciliate, 11 lin. long; corolla campanulate-tubular, neither inflated

below nor constricted at the throat, pale yellow, 2—2} lin. long ;

segments somewhat spreading, 11 the length of the tube ; anthers

dorsifixed just above the base, oblong-recurved, obtuse and equal at

base and apex, pallid, smooth, about 1 lin. long, aristate ; pore } the

length of the cell; awns squarrose on the upper part of the filament,

short and ascending like cock’s spurs; style included, stout below,

tapering upwards ; stigma simple; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 663. i

Coast Raion: Bredasdorp Div. ; near Zoetendals Vlei, Miss Joubert! on

hills near Elim, 300 ft., Bolus, 6729 !

We have not seen the original specimen (which was probably gathered more

than 70 years ago), nor does the species seem to have been collected again until

1894, But our Elim specimens, found within a few miles of the first, agree so

well with Bartling’s short description, and the species is so distinct, that we have

no hesitation in identifying them and deseribing them more fully. At first sight

they seem as if they might be a small-flowered variety of E. parilis, Salisb., but

the structure of the flowers is quite different. It is not improbable that this

may be either E. fallaw, or E. festa, Salisb., but, in the absence of specimens, the

short descriptions of that author are seldom of use, and we are compelled to leave

it under Bartling’s later name.

301. E. parilis (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 371); erect,

1-2 ft. high; branches stoutish, more or less virgate, pubescent ;

leaves 3-4—6-nate or sometimes scattered, incurved, erect or spread-

ing, linear, blunt, keeled or round-backed, sulcate, somewhat rigid,

glabrous, pale green, 21-4 lin. long; flowers axillary, crowded

towards the ends of the branches; pedicels pubescent, 2-3 lin. long ;

bracts more or less remote, one often much longer than the others,

linear, foliaceous; sepals linear, acuminate, foliaceous, 14-2} lin:

long, shorter than (or sometimes even a little exceeding) the corolla-

tube ; corolla from subtubular to campanulate, mouth scarcely con-

VOL. IV.—SECT. I. P

210 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

tracted or widened, viscidulous, glabrous or puberulous, yellow,

2-4 lin. long; segments rounded, slightly spreading, about 4 lin.

long ; anthers ineluded, or sometimes subincluded and just manifest,

subterminal, longitudinally semiovate, very acute or acuminate, or

subobtuse ; cells partite nearly to the base, about % lin. long, either

muticous or decurrent-denticulate along the filament; pore about

% the length of the cell; style included or subexserted; stigma

capitate, largish ; ovary puberulous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 664.

E, festa, Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 371, fide Benth. E.

_ flava, Andy, Heathery, t. 64, and Col. Heaths, t. 93; Lodd. Bot.

Cab. t. 882.

Var. 8, parviflora (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 664); corolla campanulate,

2 lin. long; anthers subsemielliptical, very obtuse, about 2 lin. long; style

age shortly exserted. E. fallax, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 371, fide

enth,

Coast Reeion, from 1500 to 6000 ft.: Clanwilliam Div. ; Blaauw Berg,

Drége; Sneeuw Kop, Leipoldt, 616! Tulbagh Diy.; Witsen Berg, Burchell,

8669! Mitchells Pass, MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 29! Tulbagh Water-

fall, Niven, 1151 near Tulbagh, Niven, 187! Guthrie, 2365 ! Worcester or Paarl

Div.; Dutoits Kloof, Drége! Bains Kloof, Bolus, 4053! Var. B: Worcester

Div. ; on the Matroos Berg, 6000 ft., Bolus, 9284!

CENTRAL Reaion: Ceres Div.; Cold Bokkeveld, near Wagen Drift,

Schlechter, 10071!

This species is somewhat variable in the length, though little in the width, of

the corolla, and also in the shape of the anthers. It may generally be dis-

tinguished, when in the living state, from all others of this section, except E.

Jlavicoma, by its yellow corolla. From the latter it may be known by its quite

different leaves and sepals, as well as by its anthers; the corolla only, both in

shape and colour, is very similar. We have not seen any authentic specimen

of Bentham’s var. parviflora ; our specimens above cited agree with his short

description.

302. E. viscaria (Linn. Mant. Alt. 231); erect, 8-18 in. high ;

branches straightly ascending, stout, pubescent ; leaves 4-6-nate,

erect-ineurved, crowded, linear, sulcate to round-backed, glabrous,

about 4 lin. long ; inflorescence pseudo-spicate, 1-2 in. long, 1—® in.

wide ; pedicels puberulo-viscid, usually under 1 (rarely 12) lin. long;

upper bracts at least approximate or subapproximate, foliaceous,

1-2} lin. long ; sepals linear to broad-lanceolate from a broad base,

suleate-keeled, viscidulous, glabrous or puberulous, 1-3 lin. long ;

corolla campanulate or tubular-campanulate, often strongly nerved,

more or less viscid, subglabrous, 2~21 lin. long ; limb erect or slightly

spreading, about } the length of the tube; filaments narrow or rather

broad, dilated below the anther; anthers narrow-oblong, cuneate-

linear or subelliptical, obtuse or acute, subterminal to lateral, glabrous,

% lin. long, muticous or sometimes minutely decurrent-dentieulate ;

pore }~5 the length of the cell; style included ; stigma capitate ;

ovary turbinate, villous. _Andr. Heather, , #. 49, and Col. Heaths, t.

713 Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 12,9; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 726; Benth.

in DO. Prodr. vii. 664. E. viscida, Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi.

372. . cubitalis, Linn. Amen. Acad. viii. 51? ;

Erica. | ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 211

Var. 8, decora (Bolus) ; leaves and sepals usually puberulous; inflorescence

pseudo-racemose ; racemes broader and more lax than in the type; pedicels 2 lin.

or more long; corolla 3—4 lin. long ; anthers somewhat longer than in the type.

E. decora, Andr. Heathery, t. 159, and Col. Heaths, t.162; Lodd, Bot. Cab. t.

1385; Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 664. E. viscaria, Bauer, Ewot. Pl. t.1. FE.

secundiflora, Tausch in Flora, 1834, 617.

Var. y, hispida (Bolus); characters of var. 8, but the sepals and bracts

usually longer, the former nearly as long as the corolla-tube; corolla 4 lin. long,

densely hispid on the lower part; filaments broader; anthers cuneate-linear,

subacuminate, about 1 lin. long. E. pulchella, Thunb. Diss. Erica, 22, t. 4, not

of Houtt. LE. argutifolia, Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 364. E. leeana, var.

pulchella, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 626.

Soutn Arrica: without locality; Var. y: Thunberg !

Coast Reeion: Cape Div.; hills near Cape Town, Thunberg ! Cape Flats,

Burchell, 8454/7! Zeyher, 1107! Sieber, 72 partly ! Bolus, 3706! 4396! Guthrie,

128! Wolley Dod, 2840! Var. 8: Cape Diy. ; on the Flats and mountains up to

1400 ft., Burchell, 767! 8558! Sieber, 72 partly! 90! 199! MacGillivray,

442! MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 23! Bolus, 4610! Guthrie, 458! 733!

Wolley Dod, 1737! Var. y: Stellenbosch Div; mountains near Lowrys Pass,

900 ft., Bolus, 5548! Galpin, 3524!

A very variable plant. Forms have been found with 5-fid sepals and corollas ;

others with double flowers, the inner corolline series being an 8-fid tube; others

exhibiting petalody in the stamens, and lastly others with phyllody in the

ovaries. The anthers are also unusually variable.

303. E. axilliflora (Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 640) ; erect, about 1 ft.

high ; branches numerous, ascending, subvirgate, fastigiate, puberu-

lous, glabrescent, mostly very floriferous ; leaves 4-5—6-nate or some-

times scattered, much crowded upwards, erect-incurved, linear, sub-

obtuse, keeled or round-backed and sulcate, glabrous, 2—4 lin. long ;

inflorescence pseudo-racemose, resembling that of LH. viscaria, var.

decora; pedicels solitary or binate, coloured, 2-2} lin. long; bracts

2 supra-median, 1 median, linear, small ; sepals broad-ovate to ovate-

lanceolate, acuminate, keeled or keel-tipped, concave, subcoriaceous,

glabrous, glossy, red, 11-1} lin. long; corolla campanulate or

widely obconic, glabrous, more or less viscid, deep red, 24~31 lin.

long ; segments erect or slightly spreading, broadly rounded, from

% to nearly 3 the length of the tube ; anthers included, subterminal,

basifixed at the side on the dilated and thickened apex of the

filament, suboblong, subacute, the base ascending, $—% lin. long,

mostly muticous, sometimes minutely decurrent-denticulate, on the

filament near the apex; pore }—2 the length of the cell; style

included or subexserted, straight ; stigma capitate ; ovary globose,

villous, especially towards the summit, dark red. Benth. in DC.

Prodr, vii. 664.

Coast Rereion: Bredasdorp Div.; Zoetendals Vlei, Ecklon, ex Bartling ; on

hills near Elim Mission Station, 300-400 ft., Bolus, 8449! 6730! Guthrie,

3789!

We have seen no specimen of the type, nor any well authenticated. Onr

specimens agree with Bartling’s meagte description; and the station of Ecklon s

plant is within a few miles of those of ours. The species is allied to E. conica

and to EH. viscaria. From the former it is distinct by its less robust habit, its

leaves usually fewer in the whorl, aud ne shorter and less acuminate, by its

ae J

\ ‘

212 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hrica.

shorter and more strictly obconic corolla, relatively broader at the base, longer

pedicels and hirsute ovary. From the latter it is separated by its entirely

different bracts and sepals, and its corolla more regularly widening from the base

upwards, whereas in E. viscaria it is usually wider and more cup-shaped at the

base.

304. E. hemantha (Bolus in Journ, Linn. Soc. xxiv. 181);

erect, 1-1} ft. high ; branches ascending, puberulous; leaves 4-nate,

erect-incurved, imbricate, not crowded, linear, round-backed, faintly

suleate, glabrous, 2-3 lin. long; inflorescence axillary and also

terminal, flowers 4-nate; pedicels slender, puberulous, 23-3 lin.

long ; bracts remote, small ; sepals narrow-ovate, acute, very concave,

subscarious, glabrous, keeled, about 1 lin. long; corolla suburceolate-

tubular, mouth scarcely widened or contracted, glabrous, viscidulous ?

or dry, crimson, 33-4 lin. long ; segments erect, about + lin. long;

anthers dorsifixed just above the base, oblong, subobtuse; cells

deeply partite, glabrous, about 2 lin. long, crested at the base;

pore nearly 4 the length of the cell ; crests sublanceolate, acuminate,

with one or two short side teeth, 1 as long as the cell; style

subexserted, tapering upwards ; stigma capitate ; ovary glabrous.

Coast Reaton: Ceres Div. ; rocky mountain slopes, near Ceres, 1700 ft.,

Bolus, 5844! '

This species is a somewhat anomalous member of this section, owing to its

partially terminal inflorescence. But there are similar difficulties in regard to

other sections, and we place it here chiefly on account of its apparent connection

with #. awvillifora and EB. viscaria.

305. E. pulvinata (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect, 3-1 ft. high;

branches ascending, glabrous, roughly scarred and channelled by the

cushions of old leaves; leaves scattered, or sometimes 4—6-nate,

crowded, spreading or squarrose or reflexed, flexuous, commonly

incurved towards the apex, linear, callous at the apex subpungent-

mueronate, round-backed, suleate, sometimes white-tomentose along

the channel, thick, rigid, glabrous, 3-5 lin. long ; inflorescence a

short pseudo-raceme at or below the ends of the branches, sometimes

crowded ; flowers subcalycine ; pedicels slender, 4-5 lin. long; bracts

small, remote, almost basal ; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, scarious,

keeled, 2 lin. long; corolla broadish-urceolate, throat not much

constricted, but gradually narrowed to the mouth, 2-2} lin. long;

segments slightly spreading, rounded, about + the length of the

tube ; anthers dorsifixed above the base, cuneate-ovate, subscaberu-

lous, 3 lin. long, broad-aristate ; pore about 3 the length of the

cell; awns subulate-acuminate, irregularly rough-edged or smooth,

about § the length of the eells; style straight, shortly exserted ;

stigma capitate, 4-lobed ; ovary glabrous,

Var. 8, montana (Guthrie & Bolus) ; leaves more ascending ; sepals shorter,

141} lin. long ; anthers oblong, } lig. long, much narrower than in the type.

, Codst. Region: Bredasdorp. Div. ;- hills, at -Rict. Fontein -Poort, near Elin

200 ft., Schlechter, 9704 ! Bolus, 8512! Var, 8: Riversdale Div. re ica rad

Kamipsche Berg,.Burchell,7111!) ee Pio anginal

Erica. | EkRICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 213

There is an unusual difference in the form of the anther in the two varieties,

but both are so well marked in several other characteristics and agree so closely,

that we cannot separate them specifically. The station of var. 8 was probably

of not less altitude than, and may have exceeded, 3000 ft., and the distance from

the sea about 80 miles; that of the type is about 200 ft., and 5 or 6 miles from

the sea.

306. E. collina (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect, 1-2 ft. high ; branches

slender, ascending, subflexuous, pubescent ; leaves 4-nate, erect to

spreading, sometimes squarrose, incurved towards the apex, linear-

oblong, acute, keeled, glabrous, concave above, the younger minutely

ciliolate, 11-2 lin. long; inflorescence clustered at the ends of the

branches and then subumbellate, or axillary below the end with the

branch excurrent beyond, both forms on the same plant; flowers

subcalycine ; pedicels very slender, pubescent, 3-4 lin. long; bracts

frequently (or always?) only 2, remote, linear, scarious, adpressed ;

sepals ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, acute or acuminate, coriaceous,

coloured, keeled, not imbricate at the base, glabrous, reaching mostly

to a little below the corolla-tube, about 14 lin. long; corolla sub-

ampullaceous-urceolate, with a longish neck, tetragonous, rosy red,

4-18 lin. long; segments suberect, rounded, 1} the length of the

tube; anthers oblong, obtuse, smooth, about + lin. long (03 in.),

aristate ; pore 2 the length of the cell; awns subulate, about 4 the

length of the cell, entire ; style included, very short ; stigma capitel-

late ; ovary subglobose, puberulous or glabrescent.

Coast ReGion: Caledon Div. ; hills between Babylons Tower and Hermanus,

about 500 ft., Bolus, 8491! rocky places at Hemel-en-Aarde, 1000 ft., Schlechter,

10381 ! (flowers undeveloped).

The rather large sepals give to the flowers a subcalycine aspect. They

greatly resemble those of EH. selaginifolia, E. acuta, and E. brevifolia in the

§ Trigemma, and the species is only separated from their neighbourhood by its

uxillary inflorescence. The whole aspect of the plant is, however, even more

strikingly like E. seriphiifolia (§ Melastemon), but the flowers are very

different. |

307. E. deflexa (Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 8) ; branches slender,

tomentose-puberulous; leaves 3-nate, spreading to subsquarrose,

linear, obtuse, thick, convex on the upper side with rounded back

and margins, deeply suleate, the younger ciliate, hirtulous or

glabrous, shining, 1-11 lin. long; inflorescence axillary ; flowers

solitary or scanty and subdistant towards the ends of the branches,

corolline or sometimes subcorolline; pedicels decurved, hirtulous,

12 Jin. long; bracts remote, small ; sepals narrow-lanceolate or

oblong, subacute, foliaceous, margins revolute and thickened at the

apex, 3-1 lin. long; corolla cyathiform-obconic, subtetragonous,

glabrous, dry, “white,” about 1} lin. long; segments continuous,

rather large, rounded, 1-1 the length of the tube ; anthers included

(or ‘‘subexserted,” Sinclair), dorsifixed near the base, narrow-

oblong, obtuse ; cells parted to the base, membranous, smooth, pallid,

almost 2 lin. long (33 times longer than their width in the middle),

aristate ; pore 2 the length of the cell; awns setiform, rough-edged,

214 ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica,

over } the length of the cell; style exserted ; stigma capitellate ;

ovary obovate, shortly and sparsely puberulous, or ‘ glabrous.”

Benth. in DC. Prodi. vii. 680.

Souru Arrica: without locality, cultivated specimen from Loddiges !

Little is known of this species, which has been described from Loddiges’

garden specimens only, and the material is scanty. It seems well-marked,

Sinclair describes the anthers as subexserted, but they are not so in the specimens

we have seen, nor does Bentham mention the character.

Section XXII. CHLOROCODON. (Sp. 308-314.)

308. E. Woodii (Bolus in Journ. Bot. 1894, 237); habit various,

branched from the base with diffuse spreading branches, 6-8 in.

high, or with erect, virgate or subsimple branches, 12-18 in, high ;

branches puberulous or hispidulous, sometimes both intermixed, the

longer hairs generally more or less compound (subplumose or bi-

furcate) or gland-tipped ; leaves mostly 3-nate (rarely 4-nate on the

same plant), spreading, narrow-lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, obtuse,

margins revolute or reflexed, closed or open-backed, hispid-ciliate,

scabrid-hispidulous or glabrous and at length shining on the upper

surface, 1-2 lin. long; flowers mostly axillary, solitary, along the

upper part of the branches, and often crowded, occasionally here and

there with a few terminal flowers at the ends of the branches or on

the short, produced, lateral branchlets ; pedicels curved, about 1 lin.

long; braets remote, small, occasionally one wanting; sepals linear,

subspathulate-linear, subulate or narrow-lanceolate, hispid or gland-

ciliate, foliaceous, about 3 lin. long; corolla broad-cyathiform or

subcampanulate, equal or slightly wider at the mouth, glabrous, dry,

white, mostly about 2 lin. long; segments rounded, erect or slightly

spreading, }—3 the length of the tube; anthers included or sub-

included and manifest, dorsifixed just above the base, oblong,

obtuse, smooth, 1—2 lin. long, aristate ; pore about % or 2 the length

of the cell; awns variable in length from 1-3 the length of the eell ;

style exserted, longer than the ovary, somewhat rigid, sometimes

compressed ; stigma capitate, large ; ovary sessile, or substipitate by

contraction just above the disk, pubescent or glabrous.

Coast Rreton: Clanwilliam Div.; on the Cederberg Range, 2250 ft.,

Marloth, 2635! Stutterheim Div. ; summit of Dohne Mountain, Bolus, 8773!

Sim, 2132!

CENTRAL ReGIon: Graaff Reinet Div. ; on Koudvyeld Mountain, Bolus, 2583!

5189 !

Eastern Recion: Griqualand East ; Mount Currie, Tyson, 1253! Insiswa

Mountain, Schlechter, 6492! Natal; Ismont, Wood, 1839! Inanda, Wood, 873!

Little Noods Berg, Wood, 4136! near Umkomaas River, Wood, 4611! Polela,

Evans, 674! Schlechter, 6832 !

Karanari Recion: Orange River Colony ; Oliviers Hock and Mont-aux-

Sources, Thode, 60! 61! and without precise locality, Cooper, 1043! Transvaal ;

Saddleback Mountain, near Barberton, 5000 ft., Galpin, 817! Houtbosch,

Schlechter, 4749 !

Erica.| ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 215

Closely allied, and often very similar in aspect to EH. hispidula (§ Arsace).

It differs chiefly by its constantly capitate stigma and its more usually axillary

flowers, which are only occasionally terminal. In Wood’s 873 the stamens are

irregular in number, 4-7 and 8 on the same plant.

309. E. mesta (Bolus in Journ. Bot. 1894, 239); erect, 5-7 ft.

high ; branches subvirgate, ashy-grey pubescent, sometimes also

pilose with longer white hairs, glabrescent ; leaves erect-spreading,

subimbricate, linear, subacute, thick, sulcate, pubescent, ashy-grey,

ciliate with a few longer tubercle-based hairs, the older glabrescent,

1-2 lin. long; flowers solitary or binate ; pedicels pubescent, under

1 lin. long; bracts remote, small; sepals ovate-lanceolate, pubescent,

about 3 the length of the corolla; corolla eyathiform, mouth searcely

widened or contracted, glabrous, sordid greenish-yellow, }—$ lin,

or rarely nearly 1 lin. long; segments connivent after maturity,

from 1 to as long as the tube ; filaments capillary ; anthers subincluded,

manifest, subterminal, tapering to the base, narrow-subobovate,

smooth, nearly 3 lin. long, muticous ; pore less than } the length of

the cell; style elongating, at length exserted ; stigma large, cyathi-

form; ovary globose, pallid, glabrous except for a few scattered

hairs on the summit.

Coast Reaion, 300-6000 ft.: Humansdorp Div.; slopes near the river at

Humansdorp, Galpin, 3708! Bedford Div.; Kaga Berg, Weale! Queenstown

Div. ; Hangklip Mountain, near Queenstown, Galpin, 1610!

Centra Recion: Graaff Reinet Div.; Oude Berg, 5000 ft., Bolus, 628 !

Koudveld Berg, MacLea !

KALAHARI REGIon: Basutoland, Cooper, 759! 760!

Much resembles in its flowers E. leucopelta, Tausch (§ Arsace) ; and detached

flowers are with difficulty distinguishable. But the leaves and inflorescence are

different, the latter being in this always axillary; the anthers also in E.

leucopelta are lateral, but in this species nearly terminal,

310. E. coarctata (Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 19, 99, t. 37); usually

less than 1 ft. high ; branches many, slender, suberect, mostly sub-

virgate, puberulous or glabrous; leaves mostly 3-nate, more rarely

4-nate (in some specimens 3-nate on the barren, 4-nate on the

flowering branches), spreading or incurved, uniformly crowded or

gemmiferous in clusters separated by distinct internodes, linear, blunt,

trigonous or subterete, 23-4 lin. long ; flowers mostly in pairs, more

or less crowded along a great part of the branches, and forming a

narrow and sometimes dense pseudo-spike; pedicels 3-17 lin. long; —

bracts remote, basal, minute; sepals ovate or lanceolate, acute,

keeled, glabrous, greenish, about } lin. long, or about equalling the

eorolla-tube ; corolla globose-cyathiform to campanulate-cyathiform,

the mouth probably nearly equal at maturity but becoming some-

what contracted shortly after, glabrous, rosy or sordid yellow, about

8 lin. long; segments erect or slightly spreading, about equal to the

tube; anthers mostly just manifest, or a little longer or shorter

than the corolla, subovate, smooth, brown, % lin. long, muticous ;

pore 1 to nearly 3 the length of the cell; style exserted, mostly at

length decurved ; stigma cyathiform, peltate (or perhaps becoming

216 ERIcCACEm (Guthrie & Bolus), [ Erica.

ealyptriform 1); ovary glabrous. Benth. in DO. Prodr. vii. 692.

E. axillaris, Soland. in Herb. Banks., acc. to Benth. l.c. E. minutz-

flora, Andr, Heathery, t. 270, and Col. Heaths, t, 245. E. brevipes,

Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 643.

Var. B, longipes (Benth. l.c.); “pedicels longer; anthers exserted; stigma

subequal.” E. longipes, Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 643, not of Klotzsch.

Coast ReEGion, ascending to 1000 ft.: Tulbagh Div.; Saron, 900 ft.,

Schlechter, 7864! Malmesbury Div.; Groot Vallei, Riebeeks Kasteel, Zeyher,

1122! Cape Div. ; Cape Flats (Ecklon ?), in Cape Govt. Herb. ! Flats near

Wynberg, Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 9282! Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek, and near

Caledon, Bolus! Klein River Kloof, Zeyher, 3341! Bredasdorp Div.; near

Elim, Bolus, 8459! Riversdale Div.; near- Muis Kraal, Galpin, 3696!

Var. 8: Uitenhage Div.; Elands Kloof, Ecklon &¥ Zeyher, 250! in Herb.

Brit. Mus.

A somewhat variable. species, of which we take as the type Wendland’s

excellent figure above-cited. With this Bentlam identified, with some doubt,

Andrews’ EF. minuteflora, but, as we think, after examination of a considerable

number of specimens, quite rightly. ‘The only difference of any importance is in

the form of the stigma, represented by Wendland as calyptriform, a form we

have nowhere seen in the genus. But in wild specimens the shape varies from

cyathiform to peltate, which may be due to the spreading and deflection of the

margin of the stigma consequent upon age. This view seems to receive con-

firmation from the fact that Klotzsch, who described the species from a living

plant in the Berlin Bot. Gardens, uses for the stigma the term ‘‘ umbraculiforme.”

It is easy to conjecture that a further modification might take place and result

in a calyptriform stigma. Those who see only Wendland’s and Andrews’

figures might naturally suppose them to be distinct ; but these are from culti-

vated specimens, which cannot be relied upon for habit or vegetative characters.

Bentham’s var. 8, we quote on his authority, not having examined it,

__ 811. E. curtophylla (Guthrie & Bolus); probably under 1 ft.

high ; branches numerous, incurved and leafy in the upper portion,

puberulous ; leaves 3-nate, erect, incurved, oblong, very obtuse, flat

or concave above, rounded and sulcate beneath, thick, rigid, glabrous,

smooth, pallid, 11-22 lin. long; inflorescence a subdense pseudo-

raceme towards the ends of the branches ; flowers mostly binate,

small; pedicels slender, 11-2 lin. long ; bracts remote, small ; sepals

lanceolate, coloured, shorter than the corolla-tube, concave, sub-

scarious, about 2 lin. long; corolla from urceolate-eyathiform- to

campanulate, slightly contracted at the throat and expanded at the

mouth, or subequal, glabrous, dry, minutely pitted, pale red, about

1 lin. long; segments about 3 the length of the tube; anthers

included, dérsifixed close to the base, longitudinally semiovate,

smooth, 2 lin. long, muticous ; pore 3 the length of the cell; style

exserted ; stigma rather large, subcapitate or sometimes subpeltate ;

ovary glabrous.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, specimen without collector’s name, in

Herb. Trinity College, Dublin !

Coast Reeton: Riversdale Div.; ridge near Milkwoodfontein, near Stil

Bay, Galpin, 3651!

312. E. Priori (Guthrie & Bolus); branches slender, scaberu-

Erica. ] ERICACED (Guthrie & Bolus). 217

lous, 6—8 in. or more long ; leaves 3-nate, spreading or subsquarrose,

straight, linear, blunt, flat above, deeply sulcate below, glabrous,

3-31 lin. long ; flowers solitary, somewhat scanty and lax; pedicels

rather slender, 2 lin. long or more; bracts remote, minute, between

the middle and ‘base ; sepals ovate, acute, keeled, scarious, concaye,

glabrous, about 2 lin. long ; corolla broad-cyathiform or subobconic,

mouth slightly widened, glabrous, dry, about 1 lin, long ; segments

oblong, rounded, 3-4 times the length -of the very short tube;

anthers included to subincluded, manifest, lateral, dorsifixed near the

base, narrow-obovate, smooth, 2 lin. long, muticous; pore 2 the

length of the cell; style exserted, slender; stigma broad-capitate to

subpeltate ; ovary glabrous.

Coast Reeion: George Div.; near George, Alexander ! in Herb. Kew.

Of this we have only seen the single specimen above-cited. It resembles, and

is clearly allied to E. fucata (§ Gypsocallis) ; but is quite distinct by its leaves

not being fasciculate as in that, and more deeply sulcate ; by its different sepals ;

corolla-segments much longer; and by its subincluded quite lateral and some-

what differently shaped anthers. We have named this after the late Dr. R. C.

Alexander, who subsequently assumed the name of Prior, and who, during a

long journey through the colony in 1847, made many interesting discoveries. He

died in 1903.

313. E. leptostachya (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect; branches 5-6 in.,

or more, long; branchlets subsimple, erect, delicately slender, almost

capillary, striate, subglabrous; leaves 3-nate, erect to spreading-

incurved, somewhat distant (except the uppermost), narrow-linear,

subacute, deeply suleate, glabrous, about 2 lin. long; flowers few,

solitary or binate; pedicels about 4 lin. long; bracts remote, sub-

median, minute ; sepals equal or subunequal, lanceolate, subscarious,

about 1 lin. long; corolla obconic, mouth widened, — lin. long;

segments variable from a little shorter to a little longer than the

tube ; anthers subincluded to included, lateral, dorsifixed close to

the base, oblong, very obtuse, ineurved, smooth, a little over 1 lin.

long, muticous; pore 2 lin. long; style shortly exserted ; stigma

large, peltate or subcyathiform ; ovary glabrous or thinly hirtulous

near the apex.

Sourn Arrica?: without note of origin; specimen marked “ew Herb.

MacNab, 405a, 109,” in Herb, Kew! ‘i :

With the aspect of several species of Salaris this séems a true Erica. Though

its origin is somewhat uncertain, it is most probably South African, and

appears to be a quite distinct species, which may yet be refound: The anthers

occasionally exhibit clearly four complete cells, and such are of a different

form.

314. E. alticola (Guthrie & Bolus); dwarf, under a span high;

branches spreading, then ascending, flexuous, puberulous, with

prominent lunate leaf-cushions ; leaves 4-nate, spreading, straight or

subrecurved, not crowded, slender, linear, subobtuse, flat above,

rounded and sulcate beneath, glabrous, 3-4 lin. long ; inflorescence

a leafy, oblong, pseudo-spike at the ends of the branchlets, about

3 in. long by 3 in. wide ; flowers solitary ; pedicels pubescent, about

218 ertcace& (Guthrie & Bolus). [ rica.

8 lin. long; braets variable, mostly (in our specimens) entirely

absent, occasionally 2, subapproximate, foliaceous, sometimes one

only, long and reaching nearly to the top of the corolla ; sepals some-

times somewhat unequal, slightly united at the base, lanceolate,

acute, keeled, often reduced to three, about } lin. long; corolla

urceolate-cyathiform, scarcely constricted at the throat or widened at

the mouth, red, about 8 lin. long; segments rounded, suberect, about

1 the length of the tube ; filaments slender, equal, a little shorter

than the anther; anthers sublateral, obovate-oblong, obtuse, smooth,

over 1 lin. long, muticous; pore about } the length of the cell ;

ovary subglobose, glabrous.

EastERN Reeion: Transvaal; in rocky places on the Drakensberg Range,

near the Devils Kantoor, about 5500 ft., Bolus, 7678!

In floral structure this is near to #. mesta, but it is separated by its much

longer and 4-nate leaves, and different habit; also to EH. coarctata.

Section XXIII. ARSACE. (Sp. 315-330.)

315. E. hispidula (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 1672); strong-growing,

much-branched, of various aspect, commonly 2-3 ft. high, less in dry

places, or reaching 5-6 ft. in favourable situations; branches pubes-

cent or hirsute, usually rigid; leaves more or less spreading, from

linear and sulcate, to ovate or oblong and then open-backed, often

incurved, usually scabrid and hirsute, rarely glabrescent, 1-22 lin.

long ; flowers on short more or less distinguishable branchlets, not in

dense crowded masses ; pedicels }—} (very rarely 1) lin. long; braets

3, variable, mostly subremote or remote, occasionally subbasal ;

sepals linear to lanceolate, foliaceous or cartilaginous, usually reach-

ing as high as the corolla-tube, more rarely equalling the corolla,

often viseid ; corolla mostly broad-urceolate, sometimes narrower, or

_ occasionally globose-urceolate, at maturity almost always more or less

contracted at the throat, generally pale rosy, rarely red, 3-1 lin.

long ; segments more or less spreading, rounded, about 1—! the

length of the tube ; filaments capillary, mostly about as long as the

anthers ; anthers included, mostly lateral, rarely sublateral, oblong

and obtuse, or longitudinally semiovate, tapering at the base, sub-

acute, smooth, pallid, submembranous, }—} lin. long, muticous; pore

about } the length of the cell; style shortly exserted ; stigma peltate

or eyathiform; ovary more or less hispidulous, rarely glabrous.

Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 21, 133, t. 50; Benth. in DC. Prodr. ‘vii.

691. E. hispida, Thunb. Diss. Erica, 19; Wendl. Eric. Ic, fase.

27, 13. E. virgata, Thunb. lec. 18; var. hirta, Wendl. l.e.

fase. 15, 35, t. 13. E. absinthoides, Linn. Mant. 66, fide Benth.

E. virgularis, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 324. E. Colleter,

Spreng. Syst. ii. 192. H. approximata, Schlecht. ex Spreng. Syst.

ii. 196. #. serrata, Thunb, Fl. Cap, ed. S-hult. 346% E. minuta,

Klotzsch ex Benth, l.e.

Erica. | ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). 219

Var. B, serpyllifolia (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 691); leaves broadish open-

backed with narrow reflexed margins, or sometimes nearly linear, closed and

suleate, glabrous and smooth above, pallid or puberulous below, E. serpylli-

folia, Andr. Heathery, t. 289; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 744.

Soutn AFRICA: without locality, Thunberg (E. serrata and E. absinthotdes).

Coast REGI0N, from Paarl Div., eastward to George Div., generally on the

mountains up to 3500 ft.; many collectors :—Thunberg (EF. virgata and E.

hispida), Zeyher, 3259! 3333! Bolus. Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 609 partly! Bolus,

4051! 4582! 6987! Schlechter, 2041 (or 2042, ticket uncertain)! 10382!

Galpin, 3707! Guthrie, 2278! 4658! Wolley Dod, 178! Var. B: Cape Div.;

near Cape Town, Burchell, 8404! Table Mountain, Bolus, 3705! 4479 ! 4756!

and Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 609 partly! Galpin, 4:08! Guthrie, 1010!

Wolley Dod, 892 ! 1004!

We have not seen any type of this species; and Linnzus’ brief description

gives no account of the shape of the corolla, nor of the stigma. Hence we have

had to depend upon the figures and descriptions of post-Linnean writers. We

quote only such specimens as have passed through our hands. Briefly stated, we

have included here only such as have three usually remote bracts, small in-

conspicuous sepals, and small urceclate corollas, with a cyathiform or peltate

stigma. Even as thus restricted the species remains a variable one, and our

var. B is connected with what we can only term the commoner and more widely

spread form, by intermediate specimens, most, if not all, of which have narrow

leaves, closed and only suleate below, though they appear to be invariably smooth,

shining and usually quite glabrous.

316. E. arachnoidea (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 691) ;

stout, much branched ; branches hirsute with longish, coarse, taway,

hairs; leaves spreading or squarrose, those upon the primary

branches mostly gemmiferous with internodes longer than the leaves,

those on the ultimate branchlets more crowded, broad-ovate, sub-

acute, subcordate at the base, open-backed, margins reflexed, hirsute

and rough with raised tubercles above, becoming glabrous and

shining, closely-felted, white-tomentose below, 14-21 lin. long;

inflorescence pseudo-spicate on short lateral branchlets, or in in-

terrupted tufts, flowers solitary to 3-nate; pedicels > lin. long;

bracts 3, basal or remote, small; sepals oblong, tapering to the

inflexed apex, subpubescent or glabrous, ciliate, greenish, 2—3 lin.

long, reaching mostly about } the height of the corolla; corolla

broad-urceolate, throat contracted, glabrous or hirtulous, viscid,

11 lin. long; segments deltoid, acute, }—} the length of the tube ;

filaments rather broad, more or less bent below the anther, 3—% lin.

long; anthers lateral or sublateral, subovate or ovate-cuneate, obtuse,

smooth, about 2 lin. long, mutieous; pore }—j the length of the

cell; style exserted, dilated at the apex, rather slender; stigma

obconic, and truncate or slightly cyathiform at the apex, or sub-

peltate ; ovary densely woolly. E. hispidula, var. crassifolia, Benth.

in DC. Prodr. vii. 691.

Coast Region: George Div.; Cradock Berg, 3000 ft., Galpin, 3695! Devils

Kop, near George, Niven, 35! Uitenhage Div. ; Van Stadens Berg, Zeyher,

787! 3216!

This is very near to E. cordata (§ Ceramia) both in appearance and in floral

structure and might almost be regarded as a variety of that. In spite of the

fact that Bentham quotes E. punctata, Bartl,, as a synonym of E. cordata and

220 ERICACEZ (Guthrie & Bolus), [ Erica.

E. arachnoidea as a var. of E. hispidula, L., we suspect that the two may be

the same. ‘his only affects the priority of name, and we have not been able to

see Bartling’s type. This is certainly Klotzsch’s plant, and while we have some

hesitation in separating it from E. cordata, we have none in distinguishing it

from #. hispidula, L,

317. E. inops (Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxiv. 186); erect,

much-branched, 2-3 ft. high; branches pubescent, sometimes

floceose with minute plumose hairs; leaves spreading, linear to

narrow-lanceolate, obtuse, deeply sulcate, with a raised nerve on the

flat upper surface, glabrous and smooth or roughly hispid with

tubercle-based hairs, ciliate or naked, 11-3 (mostly 2-22) lin. long;

flowers at the ends of short branchlets; pedicels 31—% lin. long;

braet one only, approximate or subremote, sometimes subamplexicaul,

sepal-like but smaller, pallid; sepals adpressed, narrow-ovate, acute,

keel-tipped, cartilaginous, glabrous, mostly smooth and shining,

whitish, from 2-2 the length of the corolla; corolla ovoid-urceolate

to globose-urceolate, whitish, about 1 lin. long; segments rounded

or deltoid, spreading, about 3 the length of the tube; filaments

rather broad, shorter than the anther; anthers lateral, dorsifixed a

little above the base, obliquely ovate, subacute, smooth, under + lin.

long; pore small, less than + the length of the cell; style shortly

exserted ; stigma peltate ; ovary hispidulous.

Coast Region: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, 2500 ft., Bolus, 3719! Muizen-

berg Mountain, 600-1400 ft., Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 50! Guthrie,

521! Miss Mansergh! Steen Berg, Wolley Dod, 1277!

318. E. leucopelta (Tausch in Flora, 1884, 616); erect ; branches

and leaves pubescent, or also hispid with scanty or dense, coarse,

stiff, white, sometimes gland-tipped hairs; leaves erect. or spread-

ing, oblong-lanceolate or linear, sulcate or very rarely subopen-

backed, 1-21 lin. long; flowers mostly scanty, or at least not in

dense masses ; pedicels }—3 lin. long; bracts remote, mostly 3, one

rather large and foliaceous, and two usually small or very minute, or

perhaps sometimes wanting; sepals linear or oblong, foliaceous,

pubescent, hispid-ciliate or naked, about 4 lin. long; corolla broad-

cyathiform or hemispherical, widened to the mouth, glabrous, smooth

or minutely papillose, dull yellow, 1—% lin. long; segments erect,

broadly rounded, equalling or slightly longer than the tube; fila-

ments capillary, shorter than the anther; anthers subexserted or

subineluded, elliptical or subovate, obtuse, smooth, pale brown,

1-2 lin, long, muticous; pore atLout 4 the length of the cell; style

included or exserted; stigma cyathiform or peltate, large ; ovary

thinly hispidulous, glabrescent. EH. barbata, Hort. ex Tausch in

Flora, 1834, 616. E. unibracteata, Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 692. . hispidula, var. foliacea, Benth. lc. 691. LE.

foliacea, Klotzsch, and EK. galioides, Klotzsch ex Benth. 1.c. partly,

not of Lam.

Var. 8, pubescens (Bolus) ; branches and leaves with a uniform pubescence,

not hispid ; corolla glabrous,

Erica.] ERIcACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 221

VaR. y, ephebioides (Bolus) ; indumentum of branches and leaves as in either

of i preceding ; corolla puberulous. ZH. galioides, Klotzsch ex Benth. l.c.,

partly. ; ar

Coast Reaion: Stockenstrom Div.; Kat Berg, Ecklon § Zeyher! (in Herb.

Berlin; the type of EH. wnibracteata, Kl.) Var. 8: King Williamstown Div. ;

summit of Perie Mountain, 3000 ft., Flanagan, 2163! Buffalo River Mountains,

Murray in Herb. MacOwan, 1045! Var. y: Caledon Div.; mountains near

Hemel-en-Aarde, Aug., Zeyher, 3337! Albany Div.; mountains near Grahams-

town, Zeyher, 882!

EASTERN RuGION: Var. 8: ‘Tembuland; Entwanazana, near Gat Berg,

4000 ft., Baur, 517 !

The type of Tausch (a cultivated specimen in the Herb. of the Royal Univ. of

Prague) and of EF. unibracteata, Klotasch, agree well. Both have distinctly

three bracts, though two are usually very minute. Our other specimens chiefly

differ in the indumentum of the branches, leaves and corolla, The bracts are

somewhat variable in size and position, but are of one general type. The flowers

much resemble those of E. mesta (§ Chlorocodon).

319. E. maritima (Guthrie & Bolus); stem stout, much and

intricately branched; branches divaricate, rigid, cinereo-puberulous,

soon glabrescent; leaves erect, subadpressed, only a little longer

than the internodes, oblong, subacute, slightly curved from the

middle outwards, sulcate, thickish, glabrous, 1-11 lin. long ; flowers

in few-flowered clusters at the ends of lateral branchlets; pedicels

about 1 lin. long; bracts basal or nearly so, small, subscarious,

shining; sepals lanceolate, subacute, subscarious, ‘concave, rigid,

keel-tipped, glabrous, 1 lin. long; corolla broad-cyathiform, widened

to the mouth, veined, glabrous, about { lin. long; segments erect,

semi-ovate, narrowed to the apex but scarcely acute, about % the

length of the tube ; filaments linear, rather broad, veined, in length

equalling the anther ; anthers subexserted, ovate, obtuse, smooth, pale

brown, membranous, from 1—1 lin. long, muticous; pore broad-

elliptical, large for the section, about 2 the length of the cell; style

- exserted ; stigma peltate; ovary minutely hispidulous.

Coast Region: Bredasdorp Div.; hills near Zeekoe Vley, 100 ft., Schlechter,

10544! .

This has‘a distinct appearance, but its somewhat stunted habit (our specimens

are not above 6 in. high) may be due to bush-fires. ‘he bracts, sepals, and

anthers with their large pores and broad filaments are, however, different from any

other of this section. :

320. E. salax (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 336); branches

numerous, fastigiate, pubescent; leaves subspreading, lanceolate,

acute, suleate, thick, shining, minutely serrulate, glabrous, 1-1; lin.

long ; flowers 3-nate ; pedicels pubescent, } lin. or more long; bracts

subapproximate, small; sepals ovate, acute, very concave, keeled,

scarious, Ciliolate, 2 lin. long; corolla broad-cyathiform, broader

than its length, barely 1 lin. long; segments broad-ovate, obtuse,

erect; in length equalling or twice that of the tube; filaments rather,

broad, about as long as the anther ; anthers narrow-ovate, subacute,

minutely ciliolate on the front margin, about % lin. long, aristate ;

pore over 3 the length of the cell; awns setiform, roughly ciliolate,

222 ERICACEEH (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica,

about + the length of the cell; style subincluded ; stigma peltate,

just manifest; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 691.

E. ramosissima, Roxb. ex Salish. L.c.

Sours Argica: without locality, Niven, 2!’ Roxburgh! Herb. Salisbury! in

Herb. Kew.

Coast ReGion: Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland Mountains,

Masson. ’

321. E. carinata (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 680, not

of Lodd.); dwarf, glabrous; branches ascending; leaves mostly

erect, the lower spreading, slender, linear, subacute, keeled, 1-2 lin.

long ; flowers on short lateral branchlets, 3—4-nate or subumbellate,

sometimes crowded and copious ; pedicels slender, glabrous, 12 lin.

long ; bracts remote, small; sepals elliptic, acute, keeled, scarious,

very concave and rigid, 1 lin. long; corolla globose-urceolate, well

constricted at the throat, including the substellate-spreading limb,

1} lin, long; segments broad, ovate, subacute, about + lin. long;

filaments slender, 2 lin. long; anthers obliquely ovate, subacute,

scaberulous on the front margin, about + lin. long, crested; crests

affixed somewhat high and on the margin of the cells, subulate,

curved, roughly ciliolate, about 2 the length of the cells; style

included, short ; stigma clavate-capitate ; ovary glabrous.

Coast Reerion : Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland Mountains, Zeyher,

3231!

322. E. leptopus (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 680); erect, 1 ft.

high or less; branches ascending, slender, puberulous or nearly

glabrous; leaves mostly erect, generally subdistant on the flowering

branches, linear, suleate, glabrous, 1-2 lin. long; umbels 4-6-

flowered ; pedicels at length decurved, slender, 1-23 lin. long; bracts

variable, small, either all subremote or subapproximate, or the lowest

larger and median, the upper minute ; sepals linear-subulate, acute,

rather thick, $ lin. long, reaching about + the length of the corolla;

corolla broad-cyathiform, about 1 lin. long, when dry and compressed

wider at the mouth than its length; segments continuous with and

about 2 the length of the tube ; filaments very narrow, equal, nearly

straight; anthers obliquely ovate, 1 lin. long; awns subulate,

coarsely serrulate, nearly % the length of the cell; style included ;

stigma capitellate or subsimple; ovary glabrous. E. patula, E.

Meyer ex Benth. l.c.

Var. f, piquetbergensis (Bolus) ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, about 4 lin. long ;

corolla broad-cyathiform ; segments ovate, about equal to the tube; anthers

longitudinally semilanceolate, 2 lin. long; pore 4 the length of the cell; awns

setiform, minutely ciliolate, about 4 the length of the cell; style exserted.

Var. y, breviloba (Bolus); sepals as in var. 8 but narrower; corolla very

broad-cyathiform ; segments broader and shorter than in the preceding, about

% or 7 the length of the tube; anthers subtriangular with rounded angles,

4 lin. long ; awns about 4 the length of the cell ; style included.

_Sourn Arrica: without locality, distributed as “‘E. patula, E. M.,”

Drege ! ,

Brica.] ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 223

Coast RxeGion: Var. 8: Piquetberg Div. ; summit of Piquet Berg, 2200 ft.,

Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 6964! Var. y: Clanwilliam Div. ; summit of Sneeuw

Kop, 6800 ft., Leipoldt, 615! Worcester Div.; on the Matroos Berg, 5700 ft.,

Bolus, 6365 !

We have had only a frustule of Drége’s type specimen; but good material of

the others cited.

323. E. minutissima (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 691) ;

*‘dwarf, much branched”; branches up to 9 in. long, very slender,

puberulous; leaves erect-spreading, nearly straight, linear, obtuse,

faintly sulcate, rather thick, glabrous, 3-1} lin. long; pedicels

slender, glabrous, 8 lin. long; bracts median, nearly verticillate, sub-

scarious, coloured, small; sepals ovate, acute, scarious except the green

keel, ciliolate, glabrous, about 4 lin. long, ora little over > the length

of the corolla ; corolla cyathiform or broad-cyathiform, more or less

widened at the mouth, }—2 lin. long, pallid; segments ovate, 2-3

times as long as the tube; anthers “ muticous ?” (Bentham—in our

specimens of the type all appear to have fallen off); style exserted,

dilated towards the apex; stigma truncate and lobulate, rather large ;

capsule globose, glabrous.

Coast Region: Stellenbosch Div.; around Somerset West, Ecklon ¥

Zeyher (locality no. 83) in Herb. Berlin.

324. E. tenuis (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 329); glabrous,

erect or diffuse, from 1-5 ft. high ; leaves erect or spreading, slender,

linear and acute or rather thick and obtuse, suleate, 1-2 (rarely 23)

lin. long ; flowers terminal and lateral; pedicels decurved, glabrous,

about 1 lin. long; bracts remote, occasionally subapproximate, small ;

sepals lanceolate, acute, 3-3 lin. long; corolla campanulate or

cyathiform, mouth widened, white, about 1 lin. long; segments

slightly spreading, rounded and obtuse, or narrower and subacute,

about equal to the tube; filaments broader at the base or subequal,

flexuous, about 4 lin. long; anthers broad-ovate or subtriangular,

nearly as wide at the base as their length, subacute, pallid, mem-

branous, }—1 lin. long, aristate ; pore 2—% the length of the cell ; awns

setiform, rough, about equal to the cell; style included, rarely just

exserted; stigma clavate-capitellate; ovary glabrous. Benth. in

DC. Prodr. vii. 680. E. divaricata, Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob.

8. LE. longifissa, Klotzsch, and E. capillaris, Drége ex Benth. l.c.

South Argica: without locality, Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated spect-

mens ! :

Coast ReaGion, from 500-3300 ft. : Clanwilliam Div.; Ezelsbank, Drége,

Tulbagh Div.; Winterhoek Mountain, Bolus, 5181! near Tulbagh Waterfall,

Bolus, 5462! and Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 1303! Schlechter, 9004! Cape

Div.; Devils Peak, Bolus, 4873! Constantia Berg, Wolley Dod, 1959! Caledon

Div.; Genadendal, Drége; Zwart Berg, Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 9227! Rivers-

dale Div. ; Garcias Pass, Burchell, 6945! Galpin, 3677! Humansdorp Div. ;

Elands River, Galpin, 3713! -

: Centrat Raion: Ceres Div.; Skurfdeberg Range, 5600 ft., Schlechter,

0174!

224 rricace® (Guthrie & Bolus). [Brica.

There are two chief forms of this species: one with diffuse habit and longer

and more spreading: leaves; the other .with more erect and rigid habit, and

leaves more erect and shorter. . The corolla-limb is also variable.

325. E. crateriformis (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect, 14 in. or more

high ; branchlets slender, floccose with minutely plumose hairs;

leaves erect, adpressed, oblong, keeled, thickish, glabrous, about

1 lin. long; flowers on short lateral branchlets ; pedicels * lin. long ;

bracts subremote, foliaceous, rather long; sepals lanceolate, acute,

keel-tipped, scarious-edged, ciliate, 3 lin. long, not quite reaching to

the height of the corolla-tube; corolla broad-eyathiform, mouth

widened, nearly 1 lin. long; segments erect, subdeltoid, obtuse,

3-} the length of the tube ; filaments capillary, with a sharp semi-.

circular bend about the middle, about 13 times the length of the

anther; anthers subincluded, just manifest, broad-elliptic, very

obtuse, smooth, about } lin. long, aristulate; pore about + the length

of the cell; awns very minute, curved outwards, and not reaching to

the base of the cell, caducous; style exserted, slender; stigma

capitate, lobulate, rather large ; ovary globose, glabrous.

Coast Reeton: Caledon Div. ; grassy hills at the foot of the Klein River

Mountains, Zeyher, 3340!

Near to some forms of FE. copiosa.

326. E. subverticillaris (Diels) ; erect, 10-12 in. high; branches

slender, leafy, thinly floccose with minute plumose hairs; leaves

usually spreading or sometimes erect, slender, linear or narrow-

lanceolate, semiterete, suleate, glabrous, 8-1 lin. long; flowers

clustered on short branchlets towards the ends of the main branches,

in appearance more or less interruptedly subspicate ; pedicels 1-14

lin. long; bracts, one foliaceous, nearly 1 lin. long, two minute,

adpressed or often wanting ; sepals adpressed, linear-oblong, tapering

upwards, ciliate, $—$ lin, long, reaching to (or a little above) the base

of the corolla-segments ; corolla broad-cyathiform, glabrous, papil-

lose, about 1 lin. long, apparently rosy; segments continuous with

tube, ovate or subtriangular, acute, about equalling the tube or but

little shorter or longer; anthers included, ovate-elliptic or some-

times subtriangular with a broader base and rounded angles, + lin.

long, aristate ; pore about } the length of the cell; awns setiform,

ciliate, about equalling the eell; style exserted ; stigma capitellate ;

ovary glabrous or very minutely puberulous.

Var. 8, revoluta (Bolus); older leaves on the main branches lanceolate,

acute, more loosely revolute, shortly hispid, shining, 2 lin. or less long ; anthers

tapering to the base ; awns not more than 4 the length of the cell,

-Karanart Reeion: Transvaal; mountains near Lydenburg, Wilms, 903 a

Sabie Valley, dry rocky hills below the Mauchs Berg, Burtt Davy, 487! Var. B :

Spitz Kop, near Lydenburg, Wilms, 908 !

Closely allied both to E. leptopus and to EB. ‘erateriformis. The var. B

looks ditferent, and possibly may be distinct; but the floral characters are in close

resemblance. }

Hriea.| ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 225

327. E. copiosa (Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 25, 3, t. 1); erect, about

1 ft. high, somewhat slender; branches numerous, often diffuse,

mostly hirsute with coarse spreading hairs, with many short lateral

branchlets bearing abundant flowers ; leaves more or less spreading,

linear to lanceolate, thiek, suleate, rarely narrow-ovate and open-

backed, mostly hispidulous, sometimes glabrescent, mostly 1-13 lin.

long ; inflorescence strictly terminal, often pseudo-racemose by

erowding on the short branchlets; pedicels about 1 lin. long; bracts

variable, mostly remote and small, or minute, occasionally (as in the

type specimen) the lowest one larger and foliaceous ; sepals lanceo-

late or oblong-lanceolate, usually less than % lin. long, leaf-like or

coloured; corolla narrow-eampanulate (in the type) to broad-

campanulate, or cyathiform, from a little longer than its width to

a little shorter, the mouth more or less widened, glabrous, or rarely

puberulous, about 1 lin. long; segments mostly distinctly and some-

times widely spreading, from } the length of the tube to equal its

length ; filaments slender, bent below the anther; anthers included,

sometimes manifest, oblong, with more or less obliquity, subcuneate,

or narrow-elliptic, usually 1—} (rarely +4) lin. long, muticous or

minutely or long aristate; pore less than } the length of the cell,

style exserted ; stigma capitate; ovary usually hispidulous, or at

least towards the summit. EE. incomta, Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 690.

Var. B, linearisepala (Bolus); leaves sometimes rather flat and open-backed ;

sepals linear, mostly coloured with green tips, 4-$ lin. long; anthers sometimes

subexserted, muticous or broad-cuneate and long aristate.

Var. y, parvisepala (Bolus); sepals ovate or broad-lanceolate, acute, ciliate,

coloured, 1-4 lin. long; corolla sometimes puberulous; anthers aristate ; awns

3-2 the length of the cell, setiform, about 4 lin. long. i

Var. 5, longicauda (Bolus); leaves deeply sulcate or slightly open-backed,

linear or subterete, obtuse; sepals narrow-ovate, obtuse or subacute, ciliate,

deep crimson or with a green foliaceous tip, about } lin. long; anthers with

rather broad subulate, serrulate or lobed awns, or subcrested nearly as long as

the cells.

Sout AFRICA: without locality, Lichtenstein !

Coast RraGion: Caledon Div.; Caledon, Zeyher, 7! in Herb. Trin. Coll.,

Dublin. Mossel Bay Div.; near Great Brak River, Galpin, 3701! George

Div. ; near George, Alexander, 7! Knysna _Div.; Woodlands, Galpin, 3712!

Uitenhage Div.; Hlands River Mountains, Ecklon § Zeyher! in Herb, Berlin.

Van Stadensberg Range, West, 4! Var. 8: Swellendam Div., Schlechter, 2089!

Uitenhage Div.; Zuurberg Range, Bolus, 9112! Var. y: Stellenbosch Div.,

Pappe! Tulbagh Div.; Witsenberg Vlakte, Pappe, 39! George Div., Schlechter,

5813! Knysna Div. ; near Plettenberg Bay, Burchell, 5834! near Touw River,

Burchell, 5722! Var. 3: Clanwilliam Div. ; Cederberg Range, near Sneeuw Kop,

4500 ft., Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 8678 !

Eastern ReGion ; Griqualand Hast, Tyson, 1783! 2859!

. The type is Wendland’s excellent figure and description ; and we have besides,

by the courtesy of Prof. Dr. Engler, Director of the Royal Bot, Mus, of Berlin

(whose generous assistance in this and many other instances we gratefully

acknowledge) been favoured with the opportunity of seeing the type of Klotzsch’s

E. incomta and of dissecting the flower. This agrees very well with Wend-

land’s, The stigma is clearly capitate, not peltate as described by Bentham.

The varieties are fairly distinct as to the sepals, but are closely connected in

VOL. IV.—SECT. I. Q

226 ERICACEA (Guthrie & Bolus). | Hrica.

almost every other character. Most of them are marked by a general roughness

to the touch.

328. E. onusta (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect, about 1 ft. high ; stem

rather stout ; branches ascending, slender, subflexuous, white-pubes-

cent; leaves erect-spreading, narrow-lanceolate and sulcate, or the

older occasionally lanceolate and open-backed, rather thick, hirtulous,

glabrescent, drying pallid, mostly 1—% (a few older rarely 1) lin.

long ; flowers so densely covering the whole plant that but few

leaves are visible, 3-nate or solitary on very short branchlets ;

pedicels % lin. long; bracts remote, small, the lowest larger and

leaf-like ; ‘sepals narrow-lanceolate, acute, sulcate, mostly coloured,

puberulous, 2 lin. long; corolla cyathiform, glabrous, red, mostly

& (rarely +) lin. long; segments erect, or only very slightly spread-

ing, broad and rounded, about 2 the length of the tube; filaments

capillary, 14-2 times as long as the anthers ; anthers subexserted,

narrow-elliptic, obtuse at the base and ares smooth, minutely

ciliolate on the anterior margin, a little over + lin. long, aristate ;

pore about 2 the length of the cell; awns setiform, spreading, more

than + the length of the cell ; style exserted, slender; stigma

clavate-capitellate, small; ovary glabrous.

Coast ReGion: Knysna Div.; near Forest Hall, Miss ahtct Seger 60! in

Cape Govt. Herb. and Herb. Bolus.

Near to H. copiosa, Wendl., var. parvisepala, but the whole appearance of the

good specimens before us is so diverse that we hesitate to regard it as a variety of

that species.

329. E. microcodon (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect, probably 1-12 ft.

high; branches usually slender, ascending, hirsute; leaves erect-

spreading, mostly narrow-lanceolate, acute, thick and sulcate, varying

more rarely to broad-lanceolate and open-backed, commonly glabrous,

smooth and shining, sometimes puberulous but glabrescent, 1—1+ lin.

long, more rarely 2 lin. long ; flowers mostly dense on short branch-

lets ; pedicels about 1 lin. long; bracts remote, small, cartilaginous,

pallid ; sepals lanceolate, tapering much to the apex but scareely

acute, glabrous and often shining, thick, cartilaginous, rosy, about

2 lin. long, reaching to 2 the length of the eorolla-tube or higher ;

corolla from broad-suburceolate to sceaeecges anor rae not (or only

slightly) constricted at the throat, glabrous, 3-12 lin. long; segments

rounded, more or less spreading, about + the length ot the tube;

filaments slender, at full maturity 13-13 times the length of the

anthers; anthers subexserted, euneate- oblong, acute or subacute,

smooth, about } lin. long, muticous ; pore about 1 the length of the

cell ; style exserted ; stigma small, elavate-capitellate ; ovary hispidu-

lous, chiefly on the summit.

Coast Reaion, from 900-2000 ft.: Swellendam Div.; woods, Voormans

Bosch (Ecklon § Zeyher ?) in Cape Govt. Herb. ! mountains near Swellendam,

a 3697! 3714! Schlechter, 5660! Riversdale Div.; Garcias Pass, Galpin,

3700

Brica.] ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 227

330. E. setacea (Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 59); erect, 1-12 ft.

high ; branches often flexuous, tomentose and also usually more or

less floccose with minute plumose hairs; leaves incurved-erect,

oblong, blunt, thick, rigid, deeply sulcate or rarely subopen-backed,

mostly roughly setose-hispid, and also pubescent or floecose-

tomentose, 1-11 lin. long; flowers sometimes lateral by arrest of the

branchlets ; pedicels tomentose, 1-2 lin. long; bracts remote, small ;

sepals somewhat lax, slightly coherent at the base, foliaceous, oblong-

lanceolate, acute or subobtuse, keeled, puberulous and setose-ciliate,

1-8 lin. long; corolla cyathiform or subcampanulate-cyathiform,

mouth scarcely widened, usually glabrous, more rarely minutely

puberulous or velutinous, whitish, pale yellow or pink, *—1} lin.

long ; segments erect, rounded, }—2 the length of the tube; anthers

ineluded, often just manifest, oblong, obtuse, oblique at the base,

smooth, pale brown, + lin. long, aristate at the base; pore about

2 the length of the cell; awns setiform, ciliate, mostly 1} the

length of the cell, sometimes more minute and caducous; style

shortly exserted; stigma capitate, 4-lobed, rather large; ovary

hispidulous or glabrous. Heathery, t. 87; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

690. EH. asperifolia, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 324 (who

quotes Andr. name). FE. holocalycina and E. cumulata, Klotesch ex

Benth. l.c. 690.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Herb. Salisbury !

Coast Recion: frequent on mountains from Paarl Div. eastwards to Oudts-

hoorn Div., from 500-4500 ft., Mund, Niven, Zeyher, 3256! 3257! Guthrie,

2504! 2507! 3908! 4587! Bolus, 6388! 6498! 6988! Herb. Huguenot

Seminary, 293! Galpin, 3702! 3703! Marloth, 2405!

The difficulty felt by Bentham in upholding E. variabilis as a separate species,

has increased with the acquisition of fresh material, and the species is there-

fore abandoned. The larger flowered forms have, as a rule, the more copious

indumentum, and these have been generally named £. setacea; the smaller

flowered and less bairy forms going by the name of E. variabilis. But there is

no constant character to separate them even as varieties.

~ Section XXIV. PSEUDEREMIA. (Sp. 331-339.) ‘

331. E. cernua (Montin in Nov. Act. Reg. Soc. Upsal., ii, 292,

t. 9, fig. 3, 1775); about 1 ft. high or less; branches numerous,

widely spreading, subcorymbose, the ultimate flexuous and cernuous,

finely puberulous, glabrescent, with occasionally tufts of short

subplumose hairs beneath the leaf-cushions; leaves 4-nate, mostly

erect, sometimes adpressed, straight or slightly curved, linear, acute

or subacute, sulcate, glabrous, the younger ciliate with subplumose

hairs, at length naked, 2-3 lin. long ; heads 4-8-flowered, cernuous ;

pedicels puberulous, 1 lin. long; bracts subulate to lanceolate,

acuminate, subscarious, ciliate with long soft subplumose hairs,

22-3 lin. long; sepals like the narrower bracts, or linear, 2} lin.

long ; corolla broad-urceolate or ovoid, only slightly constricted at

the throat, glabrous, rosy, 23 lin. long; segments erect, or perhaps

_ spreading in the living state, ovate, rounded, about } the length of

Q 2

228 ERIcACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Friea.

the tube ; anthers included, cuneate-oblong, obtuse, smooth, some-

what under 1 lin. long, crested; pore 1— the length of the cell ;

crests lanceolate-acuminate, serrulate, equalling or longer than the

cells; style included ; stigma capitellate, small, or subsimple ; ovary

glabrous. Linn. f. Suppl. 222; Benth. in DC, Prodr. vii. 658, not

of Andr. E. cernua, var. lanceolata, Wendl. Eric. Ie. fase. 8,

13.

SourH Arnica : without locality, Masson !

Coast Region: Tulbagh Div.; Witsenberg Vlakte, Ecklon & Zeyher.

Clanwilliam Div., Mader, 211! Cederberg Range, 2500 ft., Leipoldt, 210!

between Sneeuw Kop and Wupperthal, 3000-4000 ft., Bodkin. in Herb. Bolus,

8632 !

CENTRAL Rrecion: Ceres Div. ; Cold Bokkeveld, Thunberg !

There is some doubt as to the identity of this species because Montin’s figure

does not well represent Thunberg’s and Masson’s specimens so marked, and

indeed appears to us to resemble more the next ‘species; and the description is

insufficient. But as the present has been known under Montin’s name for so

many years, and was so known to Thunberg and Linnwus, we have judged it

better to adhere to it.

332. E. Maderi (Guthrie & Bolus); 6-12 in. high; branches

ascending, rather stout, pubescent; leaves 4-nate or scattered,

irregular, erect or subspreading, crowded, imbricate, linear or lanceo-

late-linear, acute, suleate, pubescent or glabrous, ciliate with sub-

plumose hairs (as are the bracts and sepals), or becoming naked,

2-3 lin. long; heads ereet or slightly cernuous, globose or semi-

globose, 10-23-flowered, 7-10 lin. in diameter; pedicels }—1 lin.

long; lower bract long and sometimes foliaceous (chiefly so in the

outer flowers of the head), 2-32 lin. long, two upper much smaller,

submembranous, pubescent ; sepals from a broader ovate or lanceo-

late base, very acuminate, membranous, pubescent, coloured, 4-1}

lin. long; corolla ovoid-urceolate, obliquely inflated, glabrous, white

to rosy, 23-5 lin. long; segments subspreading, 1-1 the length of

the tube; anthers included, cuneate to oblong-cuneate, obtuse,

smooth, 2 to nearly 3 lin, long, aristate ; pore about } the length of

the cell; awns setiform or subulate, 1—% the length of the cell; style

included ; stigma capitellate ; ovary glabrous.

Coast Recioy, between 8000 and 6800 ft.: Clanwilliam Div., Mader in

Herb. MacOwan, 2185! Cederberg Range between Sneeuw Kop and Wupperthal,

3000-4000 ft., Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 86311! Leipoldt, 619! Worcester Div. ;

marshy places on the summit of the Matroos Berg, Marloth, 2272! Bolus in

Herb. Guthrie, 4421!

333. E. spherocephala (Wendl. ex Benth. in DO. Prodr. vii.

658); erect, about 1 ft. high ; branches ascending, slender, and

mostly straight, sometimes subvirgate, pubescent, oceasionally with

soft plumose hairs under the leaf-cushions, leaves, bracts and sepals

often ciliate with the same; leaves 4-nate, erect or spreading,

straight or incurved, densely imbricate or as long as or shorter than

the internodes, linear to narrow-lanceolate, acute, suleate, ciliate or

naked, pubescent or glabrous, 14-24 lin. long; heads subglobose,

Erica. | ERICACE® (Guthrie & Bolus). 229

few- to (in finer specimens) 28-flowered, 4-6} lin. in diam. ;

pedicels 3—% lin. long; bracts, the lower larger and more or less

leaf-like, the upper smaller and membranous; sepals narrow-

lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent, ciliate and terminated by a long

setiform awn, membranous, coloured, 1—% lin. long; corolla urceolate,

those of the outer flowers obliquely inflated, glabrous, pale to deep

rosy, 2-3 lin. long; segments slightly spreading, 1? the length of

the tube ; filaments capillary, sometimes fiexuous; anthers included,

cuneate-oblong or oblong and incurved, obtuse, smooth, glabrous,

2 lin. long, crested or crested-aristate ; pore about } the length of

the cell; crests narrow-lanceolate, acuminate, notched at the base,

about 2 the length of the cell; style included, or just manifest ;

stigma capitate ; ovary glabrous.

Coast Reaion: Ceres Div.; Skurfdeberg Range, Zeyher, 1096! near Ceres,

Guthrie, 2177! Bolus, 7342! 7448! Marloth, 1687! Prince Alfred, Schlechter,

9981! Cape Div.; Constantia Berg, 2000 ft., Schlechter, 784!

334. E. Solandra (Andr. Col. Heaths, ii. 132); usually weak,

straggling, diffuse; branches slender, pubescent or setulose-hispid,

‘6-9 in. long; leaves 4-nate, erect or spreading, usually incurved,

linear, obtuse, sulcate, occasionally subopen-backed, glabrous on the

upper surface, more or less densely setulose-hispid with rigid

tubercle-based hairs below, 1-2 lin. long; heads subglobose, 3-4}

lin. in diam., several-flowered ; pedicels 1 lin. long or less; bracts

like the sepals but shorter; sepals linear, acuminate, beset with

numerous long spreading setulose white hairs, foliaceous or sub-

membranous, 13-2 lin. long ; corolla oyoid-ureeolate to urceolate, not

much constricted at the throat, puberulous, subscabrid or glabrous,

1}-2 lin. long; segments slightly spreading, 3—} the length of the

tube ; filaments capillary, flexuous ; anthers almost exactly those of

FE. Maderi, but a little smaller; style mostly included, rarely

exserted ; stigma capitellate; ovary villous or hispidulous. Andr.

Heathery, t. 89. EH. solandriana, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 658.

Soutu Arica: without locality, cultivated specimens!

Coast Region: George Div.; Montagu Pass, 3500 ft., Schlechter, 5814!

rocky elevated places at Barbiers Kraal, near Devils Kop, Niven !

Hastern ReGion: Natul; Van Reenens Pass, 7000 ft., Schlechter, 6938!

_ The occurrence of this species so far eastward as Natal is unexpected and

interesting.

335. E. Cooperi (Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soe. xxiv. 179) ; stout,

rigid, much branched, rough to the touch, 2-3 ft. high ; branches

spreading or subdivaricate, roughly hispid with spreading simple

or more or less compound hairs ; leaves 4-nate, mostly spreading,

linear to linear-lanceolate, sulcate to open-backed, ciliate with rough

simple or forked or subplumose hairs, the under surface paler or

livid and subglabrous, 2-23 lin. long; flowers subcorolline or sub-

calycine; heads mostly 4-flowered, cernuous, semiglobose, about

41 lin. in diam.; pedicels 1 lin. long; bracts linear-lanceolate,

acute, coloured, densely ciliate with long soft plumose hairs, about

230 ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). [Lrica

equal in length to the sepals; sepals like the bracts, but narrow-

linear or subulate, 23-3 lin. long; corolla narrow-urceolate, puberu-

lous, white or pale rose, 2-23 lin. long; segments spreading, short ;

filaments slender, 13-2 times longer than the anthers; anthers

included, cuneate or cuneate-oblong, subacute, glabrous, from a little

under to a little over } lin. long; cells deeply parted, crested ;

pore about 2the length of the cell; crests varying from narrow-

lanceolate, acuminate, serrulate or more usually suborbicular, incised,

with one longer terminal subulate lobe, the whole 2—% the length of

the cell; style included, short, straight; stigma capitellate, small;

ovary turbinate, truncate, hirsute.

Var. 8, Missionis (Bolus); habit usually more erect ; branches straighter ;

leaves more erect, often adpressed, usually linear, sulcate, 1-1} lin. long ; anthers

as in the type or sometimes (as in Tyson’s 1252) subtriangular, about 4 lin.

long; pore smaller; crest proportionately larger and a little longer than the

cell. E. Missionis, Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxiv. 179.

Katauaki Reeion: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 2528! 3531!

EASTERN REGION, between 2000 and 7000 ft. : Natal; sources of the Umgeni

and Umvoti Rivers, Sutherland! Mid Illovo, Wood, 1890! Noods Berg, Wood,

888! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 37! Cooper, 1101! Var. B:

Tembuland ; near Cala, Galpin, 2318! Griqualand East; near St. Augustine,

Baur, 218! summit of Mount Currie, Tyson, 1252! between Elliot and Maclear,

Bolus, 8730! Flanagan, 2872 !

Allied to E. Baurii, but a stronger, more woody plant, with larger and

differently shaped corolla. Our var. B differs chiefly in aspect, the floral

characters being almost identical. The anther varies unusually, both in size

and shape.

336. EF. Baurii (Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxiv. 178) ; ereet,

1 ft. or more high; branches ascending, slender, subflexuous,

densely beset with rather rough subplumose setulose hairs, and

numerous side branchlets bearing globose 4-flowered heads, 4-5 lin.

in diameter; leaves 4-nate, erect or spreading, imbricate, linear-

lanceolate, acute, more or less open-backed, roughly hispid-ciliate,

1-1} lin. long; pedicels 3 lin. long; bracts linear, subscarious,

coloured, green-tipped, densely ciliate with long soft subplumose

hairs, 1}—2 lin. long; sepals like the bracts but narrower, 1+ lin.

long; corolla globose-urceolate, well constricted at the throat,

pubescent, 1) lin. long and nearly as wide; segments rounded,

short, more spreading than in any other of this section ; filaments

slender, flexuous, 13 times the length of the anther; anthers

included, narrow-elliptic, obtuse at either extremity, dark-coloured,

over { lin. long, amply crested ; pore about 3 the length of the cell;

crests as in the broader-crested forms of ZH. Cooperi ; style included,

short ; stigma capitellate or subsimple; ovary depressed-globose,

wider than its length, hispidulous, very small. :

HasteRN ReGion: Tembuland, Umtata Div. ; margins of woods, near Bazeia,

3000 ft., Baur, 6839!

_ 337. E. oxysepala (Guthrie & Bolus) ; branches slender, aacend-

ing, glabrous, ashy-grey, 4-6 in. or more long; leaves 3-nate,

Lyrica. | ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). 231

spreading-recurved, not crowded, linear, setaceous-acuminate, convex

and suleate below, flat above, rigid, glabrous, smooth, 23-32 lin.

long; heads 5-10-flowered ; pedicels }—1 lin. long; bracts linear,

leaf-like, a little shorter than the sepals; sepals somewhat lax,

subulate, from a broad short lacerate base, acuminate, the younger

gland-ciliate, about 13 lin. long; corolla broad-urceolate or sub-

campanulate, only slightly coristricted at the throat, glabrous, sordid

yellow, nearly 2 lin. long; segments slightly spreading, rounded,

overlapping at the base to the right (viewed externally), about 2 the

length of the tube; filaments short, about equal to the ovary;

anthers included, cuneate-oblong; cells deeply parted, smooth,

2 lin. long, aristate ; pore less than } the length of the cell; awns

subulate-acuminate from a broader base, about or nearly as long as

the cell; style included or just manifest ; stigma clavate-capitellate ;

ovary obovate, subconstricted at the base, glabrous.

Var, B, pubescens (Guthrie & Bolus); the whole plant more softly downy ;

branches subvirgate, slender, pubescent; leaves pubescent ; bracts and sepals

densely ciliate with long soft plumose hairs.

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div.; mountains of New Kloof, 3000 ft., Schlechter,

7495!

CenTRAL ReGion: Var. 8: Ceres Div. ; Cold Bokkeveld, near Wagenbooms

River, 6000 ft., Schlechter, 10157!

Our var. 8 is based upon a specimen with mostly undeveloped flowers ; but we

have little doubt of its relation to this species.

338. E. Greyii (Guthrie & Bolus); decumbent, wide-spreading ;

branches chiefly from the base, rather slender, minutely pubescent,

6-12 in. long ; leaves 3-nate, few and subdistant, erect-spreading,

linear-subterete, acute, sulcate, distantly and obsoletely ciliate,

shining, glabrous, 3-44 lin. long; heads subglobose, 5-6 lin. in

diam., 6—8-flowered ; pedicels 1 lin. long; bracts narrow-lanceolate,

gland-hispid and ciliate with long white hairs, 1-1} lin. long ;

sepals like the bracts, but shortly connate at the base, about 1 lin.

long; corolla urceolate, not much constricted at the throat, puberu-

lous, 2 lin. long ; segments spreading, erosulate, 11 the length of

the tube; filaments dilated at the base and apex, narrowed in the

middle, thinly pilose, about three times the length of the anther;

anthers subexserted or included (but probably always exserted at

maturity), oblong, incurved, obtuse at either extremity, glabrous,

nearly + lin. long, denticulate-aristate; pore 2 the length of the

cell; teeth minute on either side of the apex of the wide filament,

about 1 the length of the cell and not reaching to its base; style

exserted, straight, slender; stigma capitellate ; ovary subglobose,

thinly hispidulous.

gone ReGion: Ceres Div.; Cold Bokkeveld, Grey, 658! in Herb.

ew.

- $89. E. clavisepala (Guthrie & Bolus); erect, much branched,

all parts more or less viscidulous, and except the corolla, more or less

glandular-hairy, under 1 ft. high; leaves 4-nate, mostly equalling

232 ericacra# (Guthrie & Bolus). | Erica.

the internodes, erect, incurved or the lower spreading, linear to

ovate, blunt, thick, roughly hispidulous, viscid, ciliate with long

gland-tipped hairs, suleate to slightly open-backed, 1-1} lin. long ;

heads mostly 6-fiowered, 3-31 lin. long, often clustered ; pedicels

1-8 lin. long; bracts leaf-like, longer and wider than the sepals;

sepals filiform from the base, gradually widened and thickened

upwards, clavate obtuse at the apex, viscid and gland-hairy, 1 lin.

long; corolla urceolate, only slightly constricted at the throat,

viscidulous, glabrous, dull red, 11 lin. long; segments subereet,

rounded, about 1 the length of the tube; filaments capillary, straight,

1 lin. long; anthers included, broad-oblong, very obtuse, truneate

at the base, smooth, + lin. long, crested; pore 2—% the length of

the cell; crests ovate and incised at the base, with a terminal subulate

lobe, the whole about as long as the cell; style included ; stigma

capitate ; ovary subovoid on a wide disk, glabrous.

Coast RE@ion: Cape Div.; near the western shore of the Cape Peninsula,

about due west from Simons Town, 50 ft., Guthrie, 1804!

Section XXV. POLYDESMIA. (Sp. 340-343.)

340. E. incurva (Wendl. Bot. Beobacht. 47, not of Thunb. nor

of Andr.) ; erect, 3-14 ft. high; branches ascending, straight or

subflexuous, densely leafy, pallid, pubescent or glabrescent ; leaves

3-4-6-nate or scattered, generally erect, imbricate and strongly

ineurved, sometimes spreading, linear, subobtuse, glabrous, ciliate,

2-2} lin. long; heads subglobose, cernuous, 4-7 lin. in diam.,

densely many-flowered ; flowers corolline ; pedicels 1-1 lin. long ;

bracts approximate, lower spathulate, larger than the others and

exceeding the sepals, sepaloid, pallid, 13-2 lin. long ; sepals narrow-

linear or subspathulate, more or less hispid, ciliate, sometimes

viscidulous, 11 lin, or more long, as long as the corolla-tube or

longer ; corolla urceolate-cyathiform, glabrous, about 2 lin. long;

segments broadly-rounded, suberect, about + the length of the tube ;

anthers subincluded or subexserted, spathulate-linear or oblong,

obtuse, smooth, pale-brown, $—Z lin. long, muticous or decurrent-

denticulate ; pore 3-3 the length of the cell; stigma simple or

capitate; ovary glabrous. Eric. Ic. fase. 22, 151, t.57; Willd. Sp.

Plant. ii. 407; Waitz, Beschreib. Heid. 242: Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 616. EH. hemispherica, Soland. ex Salish. in Trans.

Linn. Soc. vi. 341. EF. bruniefolia, Salisd. lc. 341.

Var. 8, solandroides (Bolus); leaves rather straight; bracts and sepals all

linear; anthers decurrent-aristate, with free points; stigma capitellate. 2.

solandroides, Andr. Heathery, t. 290, and Col, Heaths, t, 274.

Var. y, stellata (Bolus); leaves more pubescent, straight or incurved;

bracts P; sepals linear-subulate; anthers decurrent-aristate, with short’ free

points ; stigma capitellate. EH. stellata, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 893. E. stellaris,

Nois. ew G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 827. HE. setifera, Klotzsch ew Benth. in DO.

Prodr, vii. 616.

Var. 6, barbigera (Bolus) ; leaves hirsute on the underside, long-ciliate ;

Erica.] ERICACE (Guthrie & Bolus). 233

lower bract larger, lanceolate or linear and only a little longer; sepals linear,

slightly dilated at the apex; anthers muticous; stigma apparently simple (may

be undeveloped in our specimens). E. barbigera, Klotasch ex Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 616.

Var. «, subglabra (Bolus) ; entirely glabrous, except the branches ; leaves,

bracts and sepals naked; leaves drying pallid; lower bract large, lanceolate,

concave, 3-34 lin, long ; sepals subulate-linear, acute or acuminate, shorter than

the corolla-tube ; corolla tubular-urceolate ; anthers muticous, decurrent-denticu-

late, or decurrent-aristate, with minute free spreading points; stigma obconic,

larger than in the other varieties.

South Arrica: without locality, Rowburgh! Var. 8: cultivated speci-

mens !

Coast ReGion: Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland (ex Salisbury),

Masson! Var, y: Clanwilliam Div. ; Ezelsbank, Cederberg Range, 83000-4000 ft.,

Drége, 7728! Var. 8: Bredasdorp Diy. ; limestone hills between Potte Berg

and Cape Agulhas, under 500 ft., Drége, 3553! Caledon Div. ; near the Palmiet

River at Grabouw, Guthrie, 3877 ! Houw Hoek Mountains, 2000 ft., Schlechter,

9428! Var. «: Bredasdorp Div. ; hills near Elim, 300 ft., Bolus, 6727!

Of the foregoing Bentham admitted four species, but observes of three, that

they are probably varieties of one. Of E. setifera we have seen no specimens,

none existing either in the Kew or Berlin Herb. ; and, the figure of Loddiges

having no analyses, there are no types excepting of EF. barbigera and L.

bruniefolia; that of the latter being at Kew. The materials of all, except

that of the few recent collectors cited, is scanty and poor. Our var. sub.

glabra is the most distinct, but, in our view, does not merit specific rank.

341. E. ustulescens (Guthrie & Bolus); 6-12 in. high; branches

ascending, virgulate or flexuous, closely leafy, puberulous, soon

glabrescent ; leaves scattered, suberect, imbricate, linear, obtuse,

apex subinflexed, minutely and shortly viscous-pubescent, at length

glabrous, gland-ciliolate, 14-24 lin. long ; flowers subcapitate-umbel-

late, 4—9, corolline ; pedicels 1 lin. long; bracts approximate, rarely

subremote, linear, one slightly larger, foliaceous ; sepals linear,

foliaceous ; 4—8 lin. long; corolla at first tubular, then urceolate,

finally subovoid, viscid, white, ustulescent, 13-2 lin. long; limb

erect, short, 1-1 the length of the tube; anthers exserted, clavate,

subacute, smooth, pallid, about 3 lin. long, muticous or decurrent-

denticulate for a length about + that of the cell ; pore 2—} the length

of the cell; teeth very small; stigma capitate, lobed; ovary

glabrous,

Coast REGION; Caledon Div.; near the mouth of Bot River, Zeyher, 3191!

hills near the Bot River Bridge, 400 ft., Bolus, 5456! Guthrie, 4111! and in

MacOwan, Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1734! hills near Houw Hoek, 1300 ft., Bolus,

8084!

342. E. stylaris (Spreng. Syst. ii. 198) ; dwarf; branches spread-

ing, hirsute, 6 in. or more long; leaves 4- (rarely 5-) nate, much

spreading, ineurved, oblong or subterete, obtuse, thick, sulcate,

hispid with tubercle-based hairs, viseidulous, scarcely 2 lin. long ;

flowers in hemispherical, densely many-flowered heads, about 6 lin.

in diam., subcalycine ; pedicels § lin. long; bracts approximate,

lanceolate, gland-ciliate, larger and longer than the sepals, reaching

with them to the top of the corolla-tube ; sepals linear-lanceolate or

broad-linear, acute, gland-ciliate, viscidulous, about 2 lin. long;

234 ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

corolla campanulate-urceolate, wide-mouthed or ovoid-urceolate, well-

contracted at the throat, glabrous or sparsely hispidulous, 2-23 lin.

long; anther-cells deeply partite and spreading, oblong, obtuse,

brown, about * lin. long, muticous; pore 4 the length of the cell;

stigma capitate ; ovary silky-villous, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

616. EE. congesta, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1748, not of Wendl.

ede AFRICA: without locality, cultivated specimen, Herb. MacNab,

The specimen quoted is in Herb. Kew. From this, from Bentham’s descrip-

tion and from Loddiges’ figure, we have compiled the above description. There

is little doubt the species belongs to the Cape, and by its leaves and bracts is

quite distinct.

343. E. turmalis (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 842); erect;

branches villous, 12 in. or more long; leaves spreading, squarrose or

decurved, ovate or lanceolate, acute, open-backed, margins thick,

revolute, hispid on the upper surface with tubercle-based hairs,

becoming glabrous and glossy, white-tomentose beneath, ciliate, 11-22

lin. long; heads suboval, 4 lin. in diam., 8-flowered, erect or

cernuous ; flowers corolline; pedicels about 1 lin. long; bracts

median, minute, triangular, densely hispid ; sepals linear-subulate,

acute, pubescent, gland-ciliolate, under % lin. long; corolla sub-

ureeolate or ovoid, not (or only slightly) contracted at the throat,

subglabrous or minutely rough, about 23 lin. long; segments-sub-

spreading, about + the length of the tube; anthers subexserted,

oblong, obtuse or subacute, ineurved, about * lin. long, muticous;

pore } the length of the cell; stigma capitellate; ovary densely

woolly with rather long hairs. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 616.

Coast Region: Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, Mulder (ex Salisb.).

**Cape,” Mund ! in Herb. Kew.

Salisbury describes this species as having 4-5 stamens; but we have found

8 in Mund’s specimens, The plant has much external resemblance to Bleria

ericoides,

Section XXVI. CHROMOSTEGIA. (Sp. 344-346.)

344, E. eriophoros (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect or possibly decum-

bent ; branches stout, dark-coloured, naked and glabrescent towards

the base, the ultimate flowering branchlets 1-3 in. long, densely

leafy; leaves erect, incurved, closely imbrieate, narrow-oblong,

obtuse, pilose except on the upper surface and ciliate with long

curled white hairs, the floral leaves very slightly enlarged, 12 lin.

long; heads 4-flowered, about 23 lin. in diam. ; flowers subsessile ;

braets approximate, leaf-like, tomentose and ciliate, 11—2 lin. long;

sepals narrow-linear, slightly wider at the apex, glabrous on the

lower, tomentose on the upper half, 14 lin. long; corolla ovoid-

eyathiform, minutely puberulous, 1 lin. long; segments rounded,

erect, more than } the length of the tube ; filaments rather wide,

1} times longer than the anther; anthers well-exserted, lateral,

linear, acute, widened towards the base; cells deeply parted and at

Erice.] ERICACEA (Guthrie & Bolus). 235

length spreading and horn-like, smooth, light brown, £ lin. long,

aristulate; pore + the length of the cell; awns very small, not

reaching below the base of the cell and about 1—1 of its length;

style exserted, longer than the stamens; stigma subsimple; ovary

cylindrical, minutely pilose.

Centrat ReGion: Ceres Div.; Gydouw Mountain in the Cold Bokkeveld,

6000 ft., Schlechter, 10240!

345. E. senilis (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 617) ;

procumbent or erect, 6-8 in. high; branches some ascending, some

spreading with many ascending branchlets, 2-3 in. long, pubescent ;

leaves very uniformly erect-incurved, adpressed, scarcely longer than

the internodes, oblong-lanceolate, deeply sulcate, flat and glabrous

above, finely downy and hispid with tuberele-based hairs below, at

length subglabreseent, 1-14 lin. long, a few of the upper leaves under

the heads enlarged, bract-like and discoloured ; heads hemispherical,

cernuous, 4—45 lin. wide at the top, about 4-flowered ; pedicels % lin.

long ; braets lanceolate, like the sepals thickly beset in the upper

part with bristly straight hairs, 21 lin. long; sepals narrow-linear,

25 lin. long; corolla broad-ovoid or subglobose, puberulous, pale

yellow, 13 lin. Jong; segments large, rounded, ciliolate, about equal

to the tube; filaments broad ; anthers subexserted, lateral, narrow-

elliptic or longitudinally semiovate, smooth, membranous, about

4 lin. long, crested ; pore 2 the length of the cell; crests suborbicular,

incised, scabrid, dark coloured, } the length of the cell; style far

exserted, straight, tapering upwards, 3 lin. long; stigma capitellate ;

ovary pubescent.

Coast Rraion: Clanwilliam Div.; Ezelsbank, on the Cederberg Range,

2600-4000 ft., Drége, 2966! Shaw in Herb. Bolus, 5661! Marloth, 2686! near

Sneeuw Kop, Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 8627!

CENTRAL REGION: Ceres Div.; mountains near Tweefontein, in the Cold

Bokkeveld, 5800 ft., Schlechter, 10129!

Our specimens all agree well with Drage’s type, and with each other, and in all

we find the anthers distinctly lateral.

346. E. involucrata (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 617) ;

procumbent, or younger plants erect; branches spreading, roughly

hispid ; leaves, the younger erect, the older spreading, oldest often

reflexed, incurved, broad-linear to lanceolate-oblong, obtuse, sulcate,

rather flat, glabrous above, ciliate on the margins and on the edges

of the fold with stiff bristly hairs, 2-3 lin. long, the floral longer,

broader and discoloured, enwrapping the flower-heads; heads

cernuous, eyathiform, 4-flowered, 5-6 lin. in diam.; pedicels 1 lin.

long ; bracts lanceolate, ciliate, coloured, 3 lin. long ; sepals obovate-

linear, ciliate, coloured, 2 lin. long; corolla urceolate-campanulate,

puberulous, 13-2 lin. long; segments erect, rounded, about as long

as the tube; filaments linear, narrow, dilated and thickened under

the anther; anthers subexserted, terminal, longitudinally semiovate,

tapering at the base into the thickened filament, scabrid, ¢ lin. long,

236 ERICACE® (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

crested at the base; pore 1—2 the length of the cell; crest entirely.

adnate to the filament below the base of the cells, narrow, incised,

scabrid ; style exserted ; stigma capitellate ; ovary minutely puberu-

lous.

Coast ReGion: Tulbagh Div. ; on the Winterhoek Mountain, 4000-6200 ft.,

Ecklon § Zeyher; Bolus, 5107! Marloth in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr.,

342! Tulbagh Waterfall, 2000 ft., Schlechter, 9009! Mosterts Hoek Mountain,

5000 ft., Bolus !

Section XXVII. OXYLOMA. (Sp. 347-349.)

347. E, recurvata (Andr. Heathery, t. 282); erect, in cultivation

from 1-2 ft. high; branchlets densely leafy, puberulous; leaves

seattered, spreading or subsquarrose, linear, subobtuse, obscurely

denticulate, keeled, glabrous or minutely puberulous, 4—6 lin. long ;

flowers capitate; heads many-flowered, cernuous, 6—9 lin. in diam. ;

pedicels Jess than 1 lin, long ; bracts approximate, linear or linear-

lanceolate, acute, keeled, gland-ciliolate, yellowish, about equalling

the sepals, or one sometimes longer, 4-5 lin. long; sepals like the

bracts, a little shorter or longer than the corolla; corolla tubular,

inflated below, not (or very little) constrieted at the throat, deeply

4-fid, thinly puberulous, yellowish, 4—5 lin. long ; segments erect or

slightly spreading, variable in length from + the tube to 12 times

its length, oblong, acute, apiculate, dark brownish-purple ; filaments

long, narrow ; anthers included, but in our specimens, reaching

to nearly 2 the height of the corolla, oblong or lanceolate, acute,

apiculate ; pore nearly as long as the cell; cells about 4 lin. long,

muticous ; style long exserted; stigma subsimple; ovary glabrous.

Andr, Col. Heaths, t. 262; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1093; Bot. Mag.

t. 3427 ; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 657.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, cultivated specimens !

348. E. genistefolia (Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 337);

erect, 6-9 in. high; branches mostly slender, puberulous; leaves

3-nate, spreading, not crowded, linear, acute, rather flat, keeled,

glabrous, 2-3 lin. long; flowers 3-nate, usually rather few ; pedicels

under 3 lin. long; bracts approximate, glumaceous, small; sepals

lanceolate, acute, concave, keeled, rigid, glumaceous, about 12 lin.

long, reaching somewhat over } the height of the corolla; corolla

tubular or subinflated-tubular, dry, glabrous, 2-21 lin. long; tube

whitish or pale yellow; segments from an oblong ciliate base, dilated

above to a cordate-lanceolate acuminate dark-brown tip, about * the

length of the tube; stamens included, nearly as long as the corolla;

filaments capillary; anthers narrow-elliptic or longitudinally

semiovate, acute, minutely hirtellous, pale brown, 4 lin. long,

muticous; pore about 2 the length of the cell; style exserted,

dilated at the apex; stigma simple; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 657. E. tetraloba, Roxb. ex Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc.

vi. 337,

Erica. | ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 237

Sourn AFRIcA: without locality, Miller ! Rowburgh (ex Salisbury), Mund §

Maire, Herb. Salisbury !

Coast Reaion: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, Niven, 121! Simons Berg,

eae, Muizen Berg, 1600 ft., Bolus, 7029! Constantia Berg, Wolley Dod,

This plant seems to be confined to the Cape Peninsula, and is becoming scarce.

We have only once found it.

349. E. cumuliflora (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 336) ; erect,

1-1} ft. high; branches somewhat flexuous, puberulous; leaves

4-nate, spreading or recurved-squarrose, not much crowded, mostly

oblong, more rarely linear, subacute, flat above, keeled, the younger

ciliolate, glabrous, 1}—2 lin. long; flowers capitate; heads densely

5-12-flowered ; pedicels + lin. long; bracts approximate, ovate or

obovate, acute, cartilaginous or submembranous, glabrous, white,

about 1: lin. long; sepals like the bracts but obovate-oblong, 14-2

lin. long; corolla almost exactly as in 2. genistefolia, but the tube

slightly more inflated and somewhat more contracted at the throat ;

anthers as in the last named, but a little narrower at the base, and

2 larger; style exserted, cartilaginous, rigid, fusiform near the apex;

stigma simple, remarkably small, reduced to a mere point; ovary

glabrous or minutely hirtellous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 657.

LE. horizontalis, Andr. Heathery, t. 70, and Col. Heaths, t. 102

(with depauperated heads). “ EH. tricolor, Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 193,

not of Niven’’ (according to Bentham). LE. sessiliflora, Wendl. Eric.

Ic. fase, 22, 149, t. 56, not of Linn., nor of Andr. (a colour-variety,

due probably to cultivation). EH. aggregata, Roxb. ex Salisb, in

Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 336, not of Wendl.

Sout AFRIcA;: without locality, Rovburgh! Herb, Salisbury! and cultivated

specimens !

Coast ReaGion: Paarl Div.; French Hoek Mountains, 2600 ft., Schlechter,

9252! Caledon Div.; Baviaans Kloof, Genadendal, Niven, 120b! mountains

near Appels Kraal, Zeyher, 3297! Zwart Berg, 2600 ft., Bolws, 5403! and in

Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 351! mountains near the mouth of the Klein River,

Bodkin!

Closely allied to E. genistafolia ; may be readily distinguished by its 4-nate

leaves and its minute stigma; usually also by its more numerously-flowered

heads, but there are examples where the flowers are reduced to three in number.

Wendland’s figure was cited by Bentham under E. genistefolia, but its 4-nate

leaves and many-flowered heads point rather to the present species, It is.

also very near to E, amphigena, and, through it, connects this section with

Amphodea.

Section XXVIII, ERIODESMIA. (Sp. 350-353.)

350. E. lanata (Andr. Heathery, t. 121); erect, 2-3 ft. high ;

branches stout, pilose; leaves mostly 4-nate (or sometimes, ex

Andrews’ fig., 3-nate), erect-spreading, lanceolate to oblong, acute,

open-backed, margins revolute, pilose above, canescent beneath,

2-3 lin. long, 1 lin. wide or-less ; flowers subcapitate, calycine ; heads

laxly 4-6-flowered, subsessile; bracts approximate, oblanceolate,

densely villous, equalling or exceeding the sepals and corolla; sepals

238 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Brica.

spathulate, acute, margins revolute, densely villous in the upper

part, whitish, nearly equal to the corolla, 2 lin. long; corolla cyathi-

form-campanulate (globose-urceolate, ex Andreuws’ fig.), hispidulous

or puberulous, white, about 2 lin. long; segments rounded, spread-

ing, 3—§ the length of the tube ; filaments nearly straight or strongly

bent below the anther; anthers exserted ; cells bipartite to the base,

narrow-elliptical, acute, scaberulous, dark-brown, % lin. long ; stigma

subsimple, small; ovary pubescent or pilose. Andr. Col. Heaths, t.

179; Benth. in DO. Prodr. vii. 617. E. flaccida, Link, Enum.

Hort. Berol. i. 367.

SouTtH AFRIcA: without locality, cultivated specimens !

Coast Region, from 1000-2500 ft.: George Div.; Barbiers Kraal, Niven,

164! Masson, 75 ! Outeniqua Mountains, Schlechter, 2336! near George, Bolus,

8674! and Guthrie, 2456! Montagu Pass, Schlechter, 5798! Knysna Div. ;

mountains near Millwood, Tyson in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 972! and without

precise locality, Buchanan ! and in Herb. Bolus, 5832!

351. E. villosa (Andr. Heathery, t. 200); 1-12 ft. high; branches

ascending or straggling, pubescent, somewhat slender ; leaves 3-nate,

erect or spreading, imbricate or lax, linear, obtuse, sulcate, pilose or

pubescent, glabrescent, 11-2 lin. long; flowers umbellate, subcaly-

cine or sometimes (by the more spreading sepals) subeorolline or

corolline on the same plant, 3-4-nate; umbels lax, spreading ;

pedicels pilose, 3-5 lin. long; braets remote, spathulate-linear,

pilose, 1 lin. or more long; sepals broad-lanceolate, subobtuse,

pilose, the lower half pallid, the upper green, leaf-like, with revolute

margins, about equal to the eorolla-tube, or occasionally only reach-

ing to about half its height, 13-2 lin. long; eorolla urceolate, sub-

tetragonous, pilose, white, 2 lin. long; segments rounded, erect or

spreading, about + the length of the tube; anthers exserted ; cells

deeply parted, oblong and obtuse, or sublanceolate and subacute,

scaberulous, dark-brown, about 1 lin. long; pore &-Z the length of

the cell; style tetragonous; stigma simple, or (rarely ?) capitate ;

ovary pilose with long ereet hairs. Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 216:

Wendl. Erie. Ie. fasc. 16, 55; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 617. | E.

canescens, Dryand. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed, 2, ii. 407% not of Wendl.

E. eriocephala, Andr. Heathery, t. 61% and Col. Heaths, t. 89?

not of Lam.; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1270, E. pilosa, Lodd. le. t.

606,

Souru AFRica: without locality, cultivated specimens !

Coast Reerton: Caledon Div.; mountains near Klein River, Zeyher, 1114

partly! near Vogel Gat, Schlechter, 9519! hills near Babylons Tower Mountain,

Bolus, 8493! near Hermanus, Bolus, 9843! Guthrie, 4109!

A fairly distinct and rather local species. Bentham remarks that cultivated

specimens are with difficulty distinguishable from FE. bruniades, but that the

wild specimens appear different. We have never found any difficulty whatever

in separating the two species. We quote E. eriocephala, Andr., with great

doubt. It looks very different, and seems undeveloped; the author himself

describes the stamens as “ exserted,” but figures them as included! It may be a

distinct species, with the aspect of some species in the § Ephebus, but can hardly

belong there,

Erica. | ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 239

352. E. bruniades (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 354); erect or diffuse,

1-1 ft. high ; branches ascending, sometimes slender, flexuous and

straggling, pubescent ; leaves 3-nate, erect and adpressed, or spread-

ing, rarely squarrose, imbricate or rarely shorter than the internodes,

linear, obtuse, suleate, pilose, 1-22 lin. long; flowers 3-nate, caly-

cine, spreading ; pedicels villous, 2-4 lin. long; bracts remote,

small, pilose ; sepals broad-oblanceolate or obovate-oblong, acute,

very densely covered with fine spreading white or pinkish hairs,

the whole entirely hiding the corolla except near the apex, 11—]2 lin,

long, about equalling the corolla-tube; corolla urceolate, pilose,

white or pale pink, 11-18 lin. long; segments recurved, 1 i the

length of the tube; anthers exserted, almost exactly those of

E. lanata, or sometimes more acuminate ; stigma subsimple ; ovary

villous, chiefly on the summit. Wendl. Eric. Ie. Jase. 16, 53, t. 20;

Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 6; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1365. E. bruinades,

Andr. Heathery, t. 6. E. velleriflora and EB. carbasina, Salisb. in

Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 333. H#. capitata, Thunb. Diss. Erica, 17,

not of Linn., ex Salish. and Rach. EE. lastocephala and E.

eriantha, Klotzsch in Herb. Berol. ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. Vii.

617. #. villosa, Wendl. Eric. Ie. Jase. 16, 55, t. 21, ex Ind.

Kew.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated spect-

mens !

Coast Ruaton, frequent, ascending to 1500 ft.: Malmesbury Div., Zeyher,

1114 partly! Tulbagh Div., Zeyher, 1113! Bolus, 5109! and in Herb. Norm. 1!

Worcester Div., Bolus, 5110! Cape Div., Niven, 162! 163! Burchell, 344!

8589! Bolus, 4241! 4471! Guthrie, 144! Stellenbosch Div., Burchell, 8331!

Caledon Div., Zeyher, 3289! 3291! 3293a! Schlechter, 9390! Bredasdorp Div.,

Bolus, 8493!

Plukenet seems to have first given this name (Almag. Bot. Mant. 69, t. 347, fig. 9,

1700), but Bentham refers the plant to E. villosa. As there may be some doubt

about it, and as Plukenet was pre-Linnean, we have not cited the figure under

either species. Plukenet says he named his plant after Alexander Brown, an

Englishman, who first brought it from Africa. Aiton (Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 365)

calls it the “ Brunia-like Heath.”

353. E. capitata (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 355); erect, 10-15 in.

high; branches ascending or slightly spreading, slender, woolly,

glabrescent ; leaves 3-nate, erect or spreading, linear-oblong, obtuse,

suleate, rather thick, subglabrous above, densely woolly below,

becoming glabrous and scaberulous, 13-2 lin. long; flowers 1-3-

hate, calycine, spreading, globular, the whole of a greenish-yellow,

2-3 lin. in diam. ; pedicels woolly, 23-31 lin. long ; bracts from

subapproximate to subremote, oblong, woolly, small; sepals ovate to

suborbicular, densely woolly-villous with greenish-yellow hairs,

about equalling the corolla-tube; corolla globose-urceolate, pilose,

creamy, 2-2} lin. long ; segments rounded, recurved, 3+ the length

of the tube; filaments broader than in the others of this section ;

anthers subineluded but manifest above the corolla-tube, oblong and

obtuse, or longitudinally semi-ovate and acute, dorsally bearded,

§-1 lin. long; pore about 3 the length of the cell; stigma capitel-

240 ertcacEm (Guthrie & Bolus). | Brica.

late ; ovary villous, chiefly on the summit. <Andr. Heathery, t. 56, .

and Col. Heaths, t. 10; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 3, 3; Lodd.

Bot. Cub. t. 1519. HE. byssina, Salish. in Trans. Linn, Soe. vi.

333.

Sovurn AFRICA: without locality, Thunberg, and cultivated specimens!

Coast Reeion: Cape Div. ; sandy downs near Cape Town and elsewhere on

the Cape Peninsula; generally below 100 ft., Ecklon, 283! Zeyher, 1115! Mac-

Gillivray, 440! Wright! Bolus, 3287! 8027! and in Herb, Norm. Aust.-Afr.,

2! Guthrie, 19!

Section XXIX. AMPHODEA. (Sp. 354-356.)

354. E. sexfaria (Bauer, Exot. Pl. t. 11); erect, 8-15 in. high;

branches ascending, flexuous, rigid, brittle, the younger pubescent,

the older covered with scars of leaf-cushions, blackish; leaves

spreading or suberect, sometimes densely imbricate and, owing to

the shortness of the internodes, standing in six close ranks, broad

linear-trigonous, thick, glabrous, 1} lin. long; heads. subglobose ;

bracts broad-ovate ; sepals obovate, keeled, 1}—2 lin. long, reaching

nearly or quite to the top of thé corolla; corolla narrow-ovoid or

suburceolate, not (or but slightly) contracted at the throat, white,

2 lin, long; segments suberect, ovate, 3—§ of the tube in length ;

anthers narrow-elliptic, bifid to the middle, tapering acutely to

either end, about # lin. long, decurrent-aristate ; pore over } the

length of the cell, nearly black; free portion of the awns very

variable in length, always much shorter than the adnate portion,

sometimes reduced to a mere point, and the anther then (exeept for

the widened filament) appearing muticous. Andr. Heathery, t. 88,

and Col. Heaths, t. 131; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 618. £.

spumosa, Thunb, Diss. Erica, 17, not of Linn.

SourH AFRiIca: without locality, cultivated specimens !

Coast Reeten : Clanwilliam Div.; Wupperthal, Wurmb, ex Drége. Cape

Div. ; top of Table Mountain, Thunberg, Burchell, 587! Bowie ! Drege, 7747 !

McGillivray, 445! Cooper, 2682! Milne, 122! Bolus, 2950! Guthrie, 1539!

Schlechter, 548! Culedon Div. ; Houw Hoek Mountains, 3200 ft., Bolus, 5468!

Schlechter, 5459! summit of Genadendal Mountain, Galpin, 3540! Swel-

lendam Div.; on mountains, Bowie! Riversdale Div.; Garcias Pass, 2300 ft.,

Galpin, 3541!

This species varies in the setting of the leaves, which are sometimes spreading

and less closely-set, a8 in Bauer’s fine figure of the type, sometimes densely

imbricate, 3 times longer than the internodes, and more erect ; the latter form

gave rise to the term “sexfarious,” for while all the heaths with 3-nate leaves

are strictly so, they do not equally distinctly show it. Galpin’s 8540 and 3541 are

in almost exact agreement with the type; while plants from the rocky, barren

summit of Table Mountain have leaves commonly more erect and close-set. It

also varies in the length of the free portion of the awns of the anther, as may be

seen by comparing Bauer’s with Andrews’ figures,

355. E. spumosa (Linn. P]. Afr. Rar. 11 and Ameen. Acad. viii.

56, n. 35, not of Thunb., nor of Wendl.); erect, 1-1} ft. high ; —

branches more spreading and slender than in the preceding, pubes-

cent; leaves erect-spreading, more rarely erect and adpressed, some-

Erica. | ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 241

what lax, rarely crowded, linear-trigonous, subobtuse, sulcate, thick,

1-1} lin. long, the floral sometimes wider, coloured, sepaloid;

heads subglobose; bracts and sepals as in LZ. sexfaria, but a little

smaller, more wrinkled, and more rosy, and the latter sometimes only

1_2 the length of the corolla; corolla as in #. sexfaria, but about

13 lin, long; segments lanceolate, more acute ; anthers broad-linear,

subobtuse ; cells deeply partite, black, about 1 lin. long, aristate ;

awns decurrent for a short distance, then free, about 1 the length of

the cells. Mant. 375; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 618; Lodd. Bot,

Cab, t. 566. E. scariosa, Berg. Descr. Pl. Cap. 102; Wendl.

ede Ie. fasc. 21, 137, ¢.52. EH. turbinata, Andr. Heathery, t.

97.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated speci-

mens !

Coast Rreron, between 1700 and 4000 ft.: Paarl Div.; French Hoek

Mountains, Bolus, 9812! Cape Div.; Table Mountain, Bolus, 4482! near

Simons Town, Bolus, 8049! Stellenbosch Div.; Lowrys Pass, Guthrie in Herb.

Bolus, 6010! Caledon Div. ; Genadendal, Drége; Zwart Berg, near Caledon,

Zeyher, 3296! and without exact locality, Bolus, 9813!

356. E. amphigena (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect, about 1 ft. high ;

branches straight or spreading; branchlets mostly decurved at the

apex, pubescent; leaves imbricate and erect, or sometimes more

lax and spreading, linear, keeled, subobtuse, 2-3 lin. long, a few

floral scarious and bract-like; flowers subcapitate or clustered, at

length mostly cernuous; bracts oblong, keel-tipped, a little shorter

than the sepals; sepals obovate-oblong, subobtuse, keeled or keel-

tipped, about 2 lin. long, reaching to a little below the apex of the

corolla-limb ; corolla narrow-ovoid, white, 2} lin. long; segments

subulate or lanceolate, acute or acuminate, nearly equal in length

to the tube; anthers subterminal or sublateral; cells deeply partite,

narrow-oblong, obtusely rounded, about $ lin. long, decurrent

aristate ; awns decurrent for less than } their length, then divari-

cately spreading, the whole from }—} the length of the cells.

Sovru Arrica : without locality, Stanger ! in Herb. Kew.

Coast Rrcion, between 1800 and 3500 ft.: Stellenbosch Div.; mountains

near Lowrys Pass, Guthrie, 2047! Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek Mountains,

Schlechter, 5449! Galpin, 3542! (a more spreading form).

This species connects this section with Onyloma, approaching to E. ewmuli-

flora, which it much resembles, but differing by its 3-nate flowers in fewer-

flowered heads, and its appendiculate, less distinctly lateral, anthers.

Section XXX. GEISSOSTEGIA. (Sp. 357-371.)

357. E. desmantha (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 620); branches

spreading; leaves spreading to squarrose, long-petiolate, linear,

- thick, 2-3 lin. long; pedicels 2 lin. long; bracts approximate,

scarious, small; sepals ovate, acute, rigid, scarious, 1-1} lin. long ;

corolla obconic-tubular, subtetragonous, glabrous (viscid, acc. to

Bentham), 2% lin. long, or (owing to the spreading of the sepals at

VOL, 1V.——SEOT, I. R

242 ERICACE®H (Guthrie & Bolus). [ rica.

base) appearing twice as long as the sepals; segments slightly

spreading ; filaments slightly curved; anthers subterminal, oblong,

obtuse, 3-8 lin. long; pore more than 2 the length of the cell;

stigma clavate ; ovary glabrous.

SoutH AFRICA: without locality, Masson ! in Herb. Kew.

We have only seen a branch 7 in. long, and have dissected a single flower.

Quite distinct in the section by its long corolla, and the long ($-1 lin.) petioles

of the leaves. The material is scanty, and the inflorescence not properly seen ;

it may be umbellate, 5-6-flowered.

358. E. physantha (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 619); erect, 6 in.

or more high; branches flexuous, subglabrous; leaves somewhat

spreading, oblong, obtuse, thiek, glabrous, 13-2 lin. long; pedicels

under 1 lin. long ; bracts approximate, sepal-like, but smaller; sepals

broad-ovate, subobtuse, keel-tipped, scarious, ciliate, glabrous, 12 lin.

long ; corolla oblate, subglobose-urceolate, glabrous, wide-mouthed,

21 lin. long, or reaching nearly twice the height of the sepals ;

filaments with a sigmoid bend just below the anther; anthers sub-

lateral, shortly oblong, obtuse or obliquely subacute, rounded at the

base, minutely ciliolate, a little over + lin. long, dark-coloured ;

pore about 4 the length of the cell ; stigma clavate-capitate ; ovary

globose, thinly hispidulous.

Coast Reaton: Riversdale Div.; on hills near Zoetmelks River, Burchell,

6794!

359. E. adunca (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 618); branches 8 in.

or more long ; leaves from erect to squarrose, linear, subulate or

lanceolate-oblong, subtrigonous, the younger eiliolate, 1-21 lin.

long; pedicels 1} lin. long; bracts subremote, sepal-like but

smaller ; sepals somewhat lax and spreading, narrow-ovate, acute or

acuminate, keel-tipped, subviscid, glabrous, white, 11 lin. long;

eorolla urceolate or globose-ureeolate, longer or sometimes shorter

than its width, glabrous, viseid (or viscid-puberulous, ace. to Ben-

tham), 13-1% lin, long, usually somewhat exceeding the sepals,

occasionally shorter ; limb spreading ; filaments dilated just below

the anther, slightly curved; anther subterminal, longitudinally

semiovate, the dorsal margin curved, acute, ciliolate, more or less

hispidulous, {—-} lin. long; pore 8 the length of the cell; style

generally deflexed or hooked; ovary on a conspicuous black disk,

glabrous or hispidulous.

Soutn AFrica: without locality, Niven, 100!

Coast Rxr@ion: Swellendam Div.; mountains near Swellendam, Bolus,

7304! Riversdale Div. ; Garcias Pass, 1000 ft., Galpin, 3546! 3547! Schlechter,

1731! George Div. ; Montagu Pass, 2500 ft., Schlechter, 5802 !

Variable as to the length and position of the leaves, length of corolla and

hairiness of the anther; it may generally be recognized by its loose sepals,

deflexed style (in well-matured flowers), and the prominent dark disk below the

ovary.

360. E. involvens (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii, 619); branches

Hrica.| — ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). 243

4 in. or more long ; leaves erect, incurved, imbricate, linear, obtuse,

glabrous, 13-2 lin. long; pedicels 3 lin. long; bracts approximate,

but somewhat lax, sepal-like, but smaller ; sepals broad-ovate, sub-

obtuse, thick, rigid, cartilaginous, subviscid, slightly longer than the

corolla ; corolla broad-eyathiform, viscid, 13 lin. long; anthers

terminal, ovate, very obtuse, tapering at the base, smooth, $—7 lin,

long ; pore broadly elliptical, + the length of the cell; stigma sub-

simple ; ovary glabrous.

SovutH Arrica: without locality, Niven! in Herb. Kew.

Very near to E. suffulta, and we retain the species with some doubt; but the

sepals are broader, especially at the base, anthers much more obtuse; and the

flowers larger.

361. E. chartacea (Guthrie & Bolus); branches ascending,

pubescent, 12 in. or more long; leaves erect-spreading, linear, obtuse,

1}-3 lin. long; pedicels 23-3 lin. long; bracts approximate, some-

what lax, sepal-like but smaller; sepals somewhat lax, broad-ovate,

keel-tipped, puberulous, papery, ciliate-lacerate, 11 lin. long ; corolla’

subureeolate or subcampanulate-cyathiform, glabrous or puberulous,

1{-1} lin. long, and about as wide; segments ciliate-lacerate ;

filaments slender below, dilated upwards; anthers subterminal,

obliquely lanceolate, acute or acuminate, glabrous, or hispidulous

near the apex, naked or ciliolate, 8-2 lin. long; pore about 2 the

length of the cell; stigma clavate ; ovary glabrous,

Coast Rraion: Swellendam Div.; near Swellendam, Borcherds in Herb.

Bolus, 5959! Tradouw Pass, 1200 ft., Galpin, 3555!

362. E. suffulta (Wendl. ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 619) ; erect,

1-11 ft. high; branches and leaves somewhat hoary-puberulous, at

length glabrescent, pallid; leaves ereet and ineurved, or spreading,

linear to oblong, obtuse, thick, keeled, suleate, 13-2 lin. long;

pedicels 1-12 lin. long; bracts approximate, somewhat lax, sepal-

like ; sepals obovate-oblong, keel-tipped, rather thick, ciliolate, about

as long as the corolla; corolla suburceolate-eyathiform, scarcely con-

tracted at the throat, minutely puberulous, white, 1-1} lin. long, the

width somewhat exceeding the length ; anthers subterminal, obliquely

lanceolate, acute, about * lin. long, minutely ciliolate; pore 1-2 the

length of the cell; stigma clavate ; ovary glabrous.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Masson!

Coast Rreeion: Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek Mountains, 1500 ft., Bolus,

5450! Scott-Elliot, 1136!

363. E. pogonanthera (Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 634) ; small shrub,

1-1} ft. high ; branches pubescent; leaves spreading or squarrose,

mostly reeurved, linear or oblong, obtuse, thick, glabrous, the

younger ciliolate, 1-11 lin. long; pedicels 1-1} lin. long; bracts

approximate, ovate, white; sepals ovate-orbicular, acute, narrowed

at the base, white, 1} lin. long; corolla broad-urceolate, puberu-

lous or glabrous, white, 1-12 lin. long, a little wider than its length,

R 2

244 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [Erica

equalling or a little shorter than the sepals; anthers terminal,

longitudinally semi-elliptical, acute, tapering at the base, dark brown,

covered with shaggy purplish hairs, or sometimes glabrous and

only shortly ciliate, 3-3 lin. long ; pore about 2 the length of the

cell; stigma capitate; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

619.

Coast Recion: Caledon Div.; Zwart Berg, 2000 ft., Ludwig & Beil, Niven!

Bolus, 6747 ! mountains near Appels Kraal, Zeyher, 3301!

364. E. azaleefolia (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 384) ; erect,

6-12 in. high; branches diffusely spreading, pubescent; leaves

mostly squarrose-recurved or erect-spreading, ovate to oblong, sub-

obtuse, thick, shining, the younger puberulous, 1-1} lin. long ;

pedicels 4 lin. long; bracts approximate, ovate-orbicular, subscarious,

ciliate; sepals oblong-spathulate, acute, ciliate, 2 lin. long, about

equal to the corolla; corolla. suburceolate, puberulous, 13—2 lin. long,

its width less than its length, pink ; segments ciliate ; anthers sub-

terminal; cells deeply parted and. subdivaricate, broad-elliptical,

very obtuse, smooth, polished, dark-coloured, about } lin. long;

pore unusually large occupying nearly the whole cell; ovary

glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 619. HE. spumosa, Roxb. ex

Salisb. 1.c. 334, not of Linn. E. azaleeflora, Steud. Nom. ed. 2, i. 618.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Herb. Salisbury !

Coast ReGion: Caledon Div.; tops of mountains near Genadendal, Burchell,

4689! Houw Hoek Mountains, 2000 ft., Bolus, 5459! Schlechter, 9396 ! Klein

Houw Boek, Niven, 120a! Zwart Berg, 2500 ft., Bolus, in Herb, Norm, Austr.-

Afr., 852!

365. E. sonderiana (Guthrie & Bolus); 1 ft. or more high;

branches ascending, pubescent; leaves erect-spreading, imbrieate,

linear, subobtuse, thick, subrugulose, pallid, glaucous, viscidulous or

dry, the younger gland-ciliate, 2-2} lin. long; pedicels pubescent,

1 lin. long ; bracts approximate, ovate, viscid ; sepals broad-ovate to

nearly orbicular, obtuse, keel-tipped, cartilaginous, transversely

wrinkled when dry, very thick, viscid, shining (in some specimens

both bracts and sepals have an unusually long excurrent keel-point),

about as long as the corolla ; corolla suburceolate, glabrous, viscid,

11 lin. long, white, width about equal to the length; segments.

ciliolate ; anthers sublateral, oblong-incurved, obtuse, smooth, about

1 lin. long ; pore variable, 3—{ the length of the cell; style exserted ;

stigma Clavate ; ovary glabrous.

Soutn AFRrica: without locality, Niven, b! in Herb. Trin. Coll. Dublin.

Coast Region: Ceres Div.; near Ceres, Bolus, 9110! Worcester Div. ;

Matroos Berg, 5200 ft., Marloth, 2205! Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 3945! Swel-

lendam Diy. ; mountains near Swellendam, Bolus, 7506 ! (immature).

366. E. erassisepala (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 619) ; branches

ascending, pubescent, rigid, 6-8 in. high; leaves 3-nate or

“scattered ” (acc. to Bentham), erect-spreading, imbricate, linear or

Erica. | ERICACE® (Guthrie & Bolus). 845

somewhat semiterete, obtuse, margins somewhat thickened, the

younger gland-ciliate, 1-2 lin. long; pedicels 1-12 lin. long; bracts

approximate, sepal-like but smaller; sepals ovate-lanceolate, obtusely

acuminate, with a thickened marginal line on either side, converging

upwards to the apex, instead of the usual median keel, cartilaginous,

thick, viscid, very rigid, 12 lin. long, not reaching to the top of the

corolla; corolla eyathiform or hemispherical, minutely puberulous,

“viscid” (acc. to Bentham), 12 lin. long, somewhat greater in width ;

anthers terminal, very narrow-elliptical, acute, tapering at either

end ; cells deeply partite and somewhat distant, membranous, smooth,

pale brown, about Z lin. long; pore about 3 the length of the cell;

ovary minutely puberulous.

Coast RrGion: Swellendam Div.; summit of the great mountain near

Swellendam, Burchell, 7354 ! 7407!

Besides the numbers of Burchell quoted above, Bentham also cites 8665 and

8683. The first of these is without flowers ; the specimens under the latter are

a quite different species from those under 7354 and 7407. As these latter agree

better with the description, we assume them to be the type of this species ;

and we have placed 8683 under EH. imbricata. The specimens have a pale stripe

on the underside of the leaves, on either side of the channel, which is peculiar

and unusual; but we do not know whether it is constant, or visible in the fresh

state.

367. E. Guthriei (Bolus in Journ. Bot. 1894, 234); erect,

a foot high, glabrous; branches diffuse, ascending; leaves erect,

adpressed and closely imbricate, or slightly spreading, linear to

oblong, obtuse, the younger viscid, thick, shining, 1—1} lin. long;

pedicels 3 lin. long; bracts approximate, ovate, coloured, very

small; sepals ovate or obovate, viscid, coloured, shorter than the

corolla, 3—% lin. long; corolla oblate-globose, depressed above the

middle, viseid, red, 1} lin. long, width somewhat greater; segments

erect, closely contracted round the stamens; anthers sublateral,

oblong, obtuse, a little over 1 lin. long; pore large and wide, about

% the length of the cell ; ovary glabrous.

Var. 8, strictior (Bolus) ; branches straighter ; leaves broader, thicker, more

obtuse and more densely imbricated.

Coast Reeton : Piquetberg Div.; summit of Piquet Berg, 1500 ft., Guthrie,

2659! Var. 8: Clanwilliam Div.; Ezelsbank, near Wupperthal, 4000 ft.,

Schlechter, 8805 !

The peculiar corolla approaches in shape that of E. placentzflora, and of E.

Marlothii. The small adpressed leaves and the glossy aspect of the whole plant

are good marks for its identification.

368. E. placenteflora (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 348) ;

erect, 1-2 ft. high; branches mostly lax and spreading, pubescent ;

leaves erect or spreading, imbricate or shorter than the internodes,

linear, acute or obtuse, glabrous, 1-6 (mostly 3-4) lin. long; pedicels

often decurved, 2-3 lin. long; bracts subapproximate or the lowest

subremote, somewhat lax ; sepals broad-ovate or subobovate, keeled,

glabrous, 14 lin. long, a little longer than the corolla; corolla some-

246 ERICACEM (Guthrie & Bolus). | Brica.

what turnip-shaped or depressed-globose ; limb closely contracted

round the stamens, or sometimes suburceolate and scarcely depressed,

glabrous, 1 lin. long, about 11 lin. wide; anthers subterminal or

sublateral, longitudinally semiovate or obliquely lanceolate, acute or

subobtuse, smooth, ciliolate or naked, 3-1 lin, long; pore about 2

the length of the cell; style exserted, rather short and stout ; stigma

capitate; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 620. E. tiare-

flora, Andr. Heathery, t. 196, and Col. Heaths, t. 213. E. lepto-

phylla, Klotzsch ex Benth. le.

SoutH AFRIcA: without locality, Herb. Salisbury ! :

Coast Reeion: Tulbagh Div.; Tulbagh Waterfall, Niven, 124! Witsen

Berg, Zeyher, 1112? Bolus in Herb. Norm., Austr.-Afr., 4! Winterhoek Moun-

tain, 2500 ft., Bolws, 5112! Cape Div.; Table Mountain, 800 ft., Schlechter,

932! Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek, Schlechter, 5491! Onrust River, Schlechter,

9493 ! Hermanus, Galpin, 3549! Swellendam Div.; near Swellendam, Mund,

2! Zeyher, 3299! Zuurbraak, Galpin, 3554!

A variable species as to habit: and corolla, and having forms which run into

each other. Some specimens which we cite above have been referred to E.

imbricata, with some forms of which there is considerable affinity and we find it

difficult to distinguish them.

369. E. imbricata (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 503) ; ereet, 1-3 ft. high ;

branches virgate or diffuse, variably pubescent, most usually with

abundant flowers ; leaves erect or spreading, linear, 13-21 lin. long ;

pedicels 1} lin. long; bracts approximate, more rarely subremote,

sepal-like but smaller; sepals ovate, keel-tipped, subcartilaginous,

rigid, glabrous, white, brown, or red, mostly about 14 lin. long, a

little longer or shorter than the corolla ; corolla cyathiform, ovoid,

urceolate or globose-urceolate, white, foxy or reddish, 1—12 lin. long ;

anthers varying from terminal to nearly lateral, linear, oblong, lanceo-

late, semiovate or narrow-ovate, mostly acute or acuminate, more

rarely obtuse, glabrous, smooth, light to dark-brown, mostly about

2 (rarely 2) lin. long; pore from 3-% the length of the cell; stigma

clavate-capitellate ; ovary usually glabrous, rarely puberulous.

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 620; Andr. Heathery, t. 119, and Col.

Heaths, t. 27; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 21,135, t. 51; Lodd. Bot.

Cab. t. 1243. FE. quinquangularis, Berg. Descr. Pl. Cap. 117, and

E. laricifolia, Lam, Eneycl. i. 487, acc. to Ind. Kew. E. flexuosa,

Andr. Heathery, t. 65, and Col. Heaths, t. 23; Lodd. l.c. t. 1495.

LE. divaricata, Wendl. l.c. fase. 7,5. E. cesia, Wendl. l.c. fase. 24,

179, 4.67. E. pyramidalis, E. squameflora, E. cesia, E. jlexuosa,

E. siylosa, Salisb., E. imbricata, Roxb., and E. bracteata, Roxb. ex

Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 349, 350. LE. ramulosa, EH. densi-

flora, E. brunneo-alba, E. myriantha, E. porrigens, Bartl. in

Linnea, vii. 632, 633. E. Actea, Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob.1. E.

violacea, E. leptocephala, H. trifaria, E. sparsa, E. paleacea, and

E. glauetfolia, Klotzsch ex Benth. in DG. Prodr. vii. 620. E.

unbricata, var, elongata, Rach in Linnea, xxvi. 771,

A most variable species, difficult of distinction into varieties. We have merely

thrown the very large suite of specimens before us into four groups, which, in

Erica. | ERICACE® (Guthrie & Bolus). 247

the absence of constant floral characters, may frequently be recognized by their

general appearance :—

A. The form represented by a named specimen in Linneus’ Herbarium ;

by the plates of Wendland in Eric, Ic. fasc. 7 and 24, and by specimens named

E. flewuosa, E. ornata, Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 620, and E.

densiflora, Bartl. in Linnea, vii, 632. The inflorescence is usually copious and

dense; the flowers have a foxy colour; the anthers are pale brown, and the

_ branches are commonly flexuous.

B. The form represented by the plates in Andrews’ Heathery, t. 65, and

Wendland, Eric. Ie. fasc. 21. Inflorescence less copious and less dense;

flowers white, more rarely rosy, contrasting with dark-brown anthers.

C. The form shown in Andrews’ Heathery, t. 119. Flowers red or rosy;

anthers dark ; leaves often spreading-recurved.

D. Habit more robust and more virgate than in the other forms; flowers

white or rosy, more globose and less crowded; anthers usually more lateral

than in the preceding forms, rarely subterminal. This form approaches £.

placenteflora.

Sourn Arrica: without locality; A, Herb. Linneus! Herb, Salisbury!

and cultivated specimens !

Coast RxEGIon, common on plains and mountains: A—Cape Div.; Thun-

berg, Ecklon, 287! Caledon Div., Zeyher, 3304! 3805! Bolus, 4173! 5113!

Swellendam Div., Masson, 2! Div.? Bolus, 1196! B—Stellenbosch Div. ;

Lowrys Pass, Schlechter, 5388! Div. ? Bolus, 6740! 7471! C—Caledon Div.,

_ Schlechter, 9493! 10400! Bredasdorp Div., Schlechter, 10479! 10542! Bolus,

8445! Div. ? Bolus, 6741! D—Tulbagh Div.; Witsen Berg, Burchell, 8683!

Paarl Div., Bolus, 6969! Cape Div., Burchell, 24! 628! Caledon Div., Bolus,

5111! and in Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 607! Zeyher, 3298! Div.? Guthrie,

2026! 3768! 4168!

370. E. triceps (Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 371); stem stout ;

branches ascending, pubescent, 10 in. or more long; leaves erect-

spreading, imbricate, lanceolate to oblong, subtrigonous, the younger

ciliate, 2-21 lin. long ; pedicels 1-1} lin. long ; bracts approximate,

ovate, aeute, cartilaginous, large ; sepals lanceolate to ovate, acute or

acuminate, subscarious or cartilaginous, with a strong excurrent

short keel-tip, glabrous, ciliate or naked, 2 lin. long, a little shorter

or longer than the corolla; corolla suburceolate, glabrous, viscid ?

(ace. to Bentham), about 2 lin. long, longer than its width; fila-

ments rather broad, dilated and shortly bent just below the anther ;

anthers terminal, longitudinally narrow-semi-elliptical, acute or

acuminate ; cells deeply partite and usually at length spreading in

the upper part, hispidulous, brownish, 1 lin. long or a little over ;

pore about 2 the length of the cell; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 620; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 962. EH. spumosa, Wendl.

Eric. Ic. fase. 16, 51, t. 19, not of Linn.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Masson / and cultivated specimens !

Coast Rucion: George Div.; Montagu Pass, 4000 ft., Schlechter, 5834 !

near George, Alewander !

371. E. calyculata (Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 4, 5); erect, 12-18 in.

or more high ; branches ascending, pubescent ; leaves erect-spread-

ing and straight or recurved, linear, acute, 1,-3 lin. long ; pedicels

1-3 lin. long ; bracts approximate; sepal-like but smaller ; sepals

oblong or ovate, acute or acuminate, keel-tipped, cartilaginous,

248 BRICACEX (Guthrie & Bolus). | Hrica.

glabrous, 14-21 lin. long, a little longer or shorter than the corolla ;

corolla subcyathiform or ovoid, glabrous, 11—2 lin. long ; segments

broad-oblong, rounded or subtruncate, always more or less concave or

with inflexed margins, naked or ciliate, 12 the length of the tube ;

filaments usually dilated at the apex; anthers terminal, narrow-

lanceolate, tapering much to the apex and setaceous-acuminate,

glabrous and smooth, light brown, 13-2 lin. long; pore about 2 the

length of the cell; ovary glabrous. . penicilliformis, Salish.

Prodr. 297. E. peniciiliflora, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 348 ;

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 621. E. calyeulata, Wendl. Eric. Ic,

Fase. 4, 5. EE. rostella, Sinclair, Hort. Eric, Wob.21. EH. rastellum,

Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 196. #. rostrata, Bartl. in Linnea, vii.

652. '

Var. 8, chrysantha (Bolus); leaves broader ; anthers subobtuse or scarcely

acute, not setaceous-acuminate, minutely scaberulous, ~ lin. long; ovary

sometimes minutely hirtellous. EH. chrysantha, Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 620.

Sourn AFrica: without locality, Herb. Salisbury!

Coast Reeion, between 1200 and 4500 ft.: Caledon Div. ; Genadendal

Mountain, Galpin, 3553! Sweetmilks Valley, Niven, 122! Swellendam Div.;

mountains near Swellendam, Masson, 48! Mund, 30! Zuurbraak Mountain,

Galpin, 8552! Schlechter, 2151! George Div.; Montagu Pass, Schlechter,

5851! Unioudale Div.; mountains near Avontuur, Bolus, 2388! Var. 8: Clan-

william Div.; on the Cederberg Range, 2500 ft., Bolus, 9108! Leipoldt, 209!

Caledon Div. ; Zwart Berg, Ecklon §* Zeyher! Galpin, 3545! near Hawston,

50 ft., Schlechter, 9470!

Section XXXI. ELYTROSTEGIA. (Sp. 372-376.)

372. E. lasciva (Salish. in Trans. Linn, Soc. vi. 349); erect,

2-3 ft. high; branches ascending, subvirgate, tomentulose, with

numerous lateral, erect or decurved, short flowering branchlets of

from 3-1 in. long; leaves erect-spreading, imbricate, linear-lanceo-

late, trigonous, subobtuse, suleate, glabrous, smooth, 13-21 lin. long ;

flowers often clustered, calycine; pedicels 1 lin. long; bracts and

sepals broad-ovate, keel-tipped, cartilaginous, very concave, pallid,

completely concealing the corolla, the former 1—% lin., the latter

about 1 lin. long; corolla subtubular, white, about 1 lin. long;

segments erect, rounded, 5~} the length of the tube; filaments very

broad ; anthers exserted, sublateral, oblong, subacute, nearly smooth,

brown, about 4 lin. long, muticous ; pore 8 the length of the cell ;

stigma narrow-peltate, 4-dentate. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 689.

E. pachycephala, Klotzsch ex Benth. l.c. 689. E. exserta, Hort. ex

Benth. l.c. E. brachycrossa, Tausch in Flora, 1839, 634.

Coast Reaion: Cape Div. ; sandy downs on the Cape Flats, Thunberg in

Herb. Salisbury! Niven, 123! Mund, 31! Bolus, 3292! and in Herb. Norm.

Austr.-Afr., 46! Guthrie, 1448! Woliey Dod, 986!

‘ We have seen and examined Tausch’s type of his EZ. brachycrossa, evidently a

garden specimen, and find the identity complete.

Erica. | ERICACE (Guthrie & Bolus). 249

373. E. accommodata (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

620) ; erect, under a foot high; branches ascending or somewhat

spreading, puberulous or somewhat tomentulose; leaves mostly

erect and straight, or incurved, more rarely spreading, linear or

linear-oblong, obtuse, sulcate, glabrous, ciliolate or naked, dry or

viscidulous, sometimes wrinkled, 1-2 lin. long ; flowers scarcely or

seldom clustered, calycine; pedicels 1-14 lin. long; bracts and

sepals as in H. lasciva or sometimes lanceolate and often wrinkled on

the back ; corolla urceolate or subcyathiform, not much contracted

at the throat, white, 1 lin. or a little less long ; segments erect,

rounded, 3-2 the length of the tube; filaments rather narrow ;

anthers subexserted never entirely beyond the corolla, sublateral,

otherwise as in H. lasciva, but a little smaller ; stigma simple at the

end of the dilated truncate style. ;

Var. 8, subviscidula (Bolus) ; all parts viscidulous; branches denser ; leaves

more spreading, more distinctly wrinkled at the sides, glandular-ciliolate ; sepals

lanceolate, ciliate, subviscidulous, 1-1} lin. long; corolla suburceolate ; seg-

ments ovate, more tapering to the apex but scarcely acute and a little longer;

filaments broader; anthers muticous, or more or less distinctly decurrent-

toothed ; stigma subpeltate, 4-punctate, smaller than in the type.

VaR, y, ebracteata (Bolus); leaves shorter, more adpressed; bracts none ;

sepals with a more prominent, foliaceous, keeled apex ; corolla slightly smaller ;

stigma rather larger.

Coast Reeion: Caledon Div.; near the Bot River, Bolus, 5448! between

Bot River and the Zwart Berg, Zeyher, 3306! Bredasdorp Div.; hills near

Elim, Bolus, 8444! Schlechter, 7630! Var. 8: Caledon Div.; mountains near

Genadendal, 4500 ft., Schlechter, 108325! Var. y, Caledon Div.; Klein River,

1000 ft., Schlechter, 7606!

374. E. glumeflora (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 689) ;

erect, about a foot high; branches erect or spreading, with short

ashy-grey tomentum; leaves erect or spreading, linear-subulate,

keeled or subtrigonous, suleate, glabrous, 2—4 lin. long; flowers on

short lateral branchlets, often cernuous, not very dense, varying

from calyeine to subcorolline ; pedicels pubescent, 111 lin. long;

bracts sepal-like, }—2 the length of the sepals ; sepals from lanceolate

to elliptical, oblong-obovate or broad-obovate, acuminate, acute or

subobiuse, keeled or only keel-tipped, cartilaginous or glumaceous,

in some specimens (Burchell’s) drying dark, in others nearly white,

13-2 lin. long, or from 3 the length of the corolla to equalling it ;

corolla urceolate-cyathiform, or ovoid-eyathiform, apparently white,

1} to nearly 21 lin. long ; segments suberect, semi-orbicular or semi-

ovate and tapering to the apex, obtuse or acute, 1-3 the length of the

tube ; anthers exserted, subterminal or sublateral; cells bipartite

sometimes divaricate, linear to oblong, acute or subobtuse, smooth,

brown, about 3—% lin. long, decurrent-aristate ; pore } the length of the

cell; appendage hirsute, in length from 1~—1 of the cell, free portion

spreading, of variable length ; stigma either cyathiform with or with-

out 4 short filiform processes (springing from the base of the eup

and sometimes exserted beyond its margin), or simple at the clavate,

250 eRIcACEm (Guthrie & Bolus). | Hrica.

truncate apex of the style. H. leucosepala, Klotzsch, and E. setula,

Klotzsch ? ex Benth. in DC. Prod. vii. 689.

Soutn AFrica: without locality, Krebs, 224! Wallich! Bowker in Herb.

Huguenot Seminary, 224!

Coast Region: Knysna Div.; near Knysna, Burchell, 5511! 5656! Uiten-

hage Div.;*Van Stadens Berg, Zeyher, 3282! Port Elizabeth Div. ; near Port

Elizabeth, Sim! Albany Div.; near Riebeek, Burchell, 3466! near Grahams-

town, Burchell, 3537! MacOwan, 300! Galpin, 3086! East London Div. ;

near Amalinda, Miss Arnold in Herb. Flanagan, 2352! Stutterheim Div. ;

Fort Cunynghame, 3000 ft., Sim, 1895!

Burchell’s specimens 5656 and 5511 and Flanagan’s 2352, appear to be quite

distinct ; yet they are connected so closely by numerous intermediate forms

that it is impossible to define satisfactory varieties.

375. E. lepidota (Rach in Linnza, xxvi. 786); robust, erect,

1 ft. or more high; branches ‘ascending, straight, densely clothed

with short, thick, glandular, plumose, dirty-yellow hairs; leaves

adpressed, imbricate, mnarrow-linear-trigonous, glabrous, smooth,

shining, the younger ciliolate, suleate-keeled, leaden-olive-green (in

the dried state), 2 lin. long; pedicels whitish-silky, very short ;

bracts adpressed, oblong, glabrous, very obtuse, ciliate, + the length

of the sepals; sepals ovate, obtuse, glabrous, membrane-ciliate, a

little shorter than the corolla; corolla urceolate-cylindrical, scarcely

1 lin. long, 3 lin. wide; segments ovate, very obtuse, } the length

of the corolla; anthers subincluded, oblong, very obtuse at either

end, saccate at the base, hirtillous, muticous ; pore 4 the length of

the cell; style subexserted, thick ; stigma cyathiform-peltate, quad-

rangular ; ovary glabrous.

Soutu Arrica: without locality, Thunberg !

We have seen the type specimen in Thunberg’s herbarium, named by Rach.

The leaves are clearly not scurfy, but smooth. The plant is nearest to EL.

accommodata.

376. E. diosmefolia (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 350) ; erect,

4-8 in. high; branches many, stout, rigid, corymbose, tomentulose ;

leaves erect-spreading, crowded, closely and neatly imbricate, broad-

linear-trigonous, sulcate, rigid, glabrous, glossy, ciliate-serrulate,

2-3 lin. long; flowers usually scanty at the ends of the longer

branches, subcorolline ; pedicels stout, tomentulose, 1-13 lin. long;

bracts approximate, adpressed, narrow-ovate, acute, keel-tipped,

ciliolate or naked, concave, paleaceous; sepals like the bracts, but

longer, pallid, about 14 lin. long, reaching to a little lower than the

top of the corolla-tube ; corolla cyathiform, slightly widened upwards

from the throat, white, 11-14 lin. long; segments ovate, very little

spreading, about as long as the tube; filaments capillary ; anthers

lateral, included, shorter than the corolla-segments, but just manifest

(or acc. to Bentham, sometimes exserted); cells deeply partite,

oblong, obtuse, slightly narrowed to the base, subscaberulous, dark

red,2 lin. long, subulate-aristate ; pore about + the length of the cell ;

awns curved, acuminate, serrulate or ciliolate, about 4 the length of

Erica. | ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). 251

the cell; stigma broad-capitate or peltate ; ovary pallid. Z. serrulata,

Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 23. E. subserrata, Roxb. ex Salish. in

Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 350.

Soutu Arrica: without locality, Mund! Herb. Salisbury!

Coast Rreion: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, 3500 ft., Bolus, 2954! 3877!

Harvey ! Guthrie, 1462!

This species forms a transition to the § Eurystoma to which it is closely

allied.

Section XXXII. APCCUS. (Sp. 377-378.)

377. E. Brownleee (Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxiv. 185);

erect, robust, 1-4 ft. high; branches subvirgate, pubescent; leaves

4-nate, erect or subspreading, crowded, laxly imbricate, incurved,

subulate, acute, nearly flat, sulcate, glabrous, or the younger some-

times thinly pilose, 21-7 (mostly 4-6) lin. long; flowers 4-nate,

or umbellate, 5-7-flowered; pedicels pubescent, 13-2 lin. long ;

bracts subapproximate, ovate, acute, scarious, 13 lin. long ; sepals in

opposite pairs, imbricate and somewhat closely enwrapping the

corolla, obovate or suborbicular, keel-tipped, acute, thick and

wrinkled below, concave, scarious, subviscidulous, glabrous, about

21 lin. long, reaching to the top of the corolla-segments or nearly

so; corolla cyathiform, widened to the mouth, or subobconic, white,

14-24 lin. long ; limb slightly expanded, but not reeurved ; sesments

ovate, 1-14 lin. long, or about 3—+ the length of the tube; filaments

slender, bent; anthers subineluded, sometimes manifest, oblong,

obtuse, seaberulous, brown, 1—* lin. long, crested; pore about 3 the

length of the cell; crests suborbicular, incised, less than the

length of the cell; style decurved; stigma clavate-capitellate,

4-dentate; ovules compressed; seeds unknown.

tole gol

Coast Recion: Albany Div.; mountains near Grahamstown, MacOwan,

1260! King Williams Town Div.; edge of the Perie Forest, 2500 ft., Miss

Brownlee in Herb. Tyson, 2858! Perie Mountain, T'yson in Herb. Norm. Austr.-

Ajfr,, 858! Stockenstrom Div.; southern slopes of Kat Berg, Scully, 142!

Stutterheim Div. ; Dohne Mountain, 4000 ft., Flanagan, 2301! Kabousie River,

Murray, 24!

378. E. Caffrorum (Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxiv. 184) ; erect,

branched or subvirgate, of various aspects, from 1-3 ft. high;

branches puberulous or tomentulose ; leaves 4-nate, mostly recurved-

spreading, linear, acute, sulcate, mostly ciliate, glabrous, glossy,

2-4 lin. long; flowers 4-nate, or subumbellate, or occasionally

pseudo-lateral and clustered at the ends of the branches ; pedicels

puberulous, 1-12 lin. long ; bracts remote or rarely subapproximate,

about 1 lin. long; sepals lanceolate to ovate, acute, glumaceous,

rigid, glabrous, 1-13 lin. long, reaching generally $ the height of

the corolla; corolla obconie or obconic-cyathiform, mostly somewhat

widened to the mouth, more rarely cyathiform, apparently dirty-

white, about 12 lin. long; limb spreading or suberect, subequal to

252 _ BRIcAcE® (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

the tube in length ; anthers included, subovate or oblong, mem-

branous, smooth, scabrid on the margins only, 4-3 lin. long, very

shortly aristate; awns more or less hairy ; pore about 5 the length of

the cell; style exserted (probably always so at full maturity, but

often included, in our specimens) ; stigma clavate, capitellate or

simple, sometimes distinctly 4-toothed or lobulate; ovules com-

pressed ; seeds unknown.

Var. 8, glomerata (Bolus); branches more spreading ; flowers mostly

clustered ; corolla broader, cyathiform ; limb shorter than the tube ; anthers as

in the type.

Var. y, luxurians (Bolus) ; branches long, erect, subflexuous ; leaves more

crowded, more erect and imbricate, more distinctly ciliate; pedicels woolly ;

bracts larger, sometimes subapproximate ; corolla more tubular; limb shorter

than the tube; anthers minutely crested; crests lanceolate ; stigma more

distinctly 4-lobed.

Var. 8, aristulata (Bolus); branches and leaves as in y; pedicels pubescent ;

corolla of the type but limb shorter ; anthers very minutely aristulate ; awns not

reaching to the base of the cell.

Coast REGIoNn: Queenstown Div., Cooper, 211!

EAsteRN ReGion: Tembuland; Bazeia, Bawr,507! Pondoland ; Insiswa Moun-

tain, 6800 ft., Schlechter, 6495! Var. 8: Tembuland; near the Gat Berg, Bolus,

8731! Griqualand Hast ; Mount Currie, 7500 ft., T'yson, 1194! Var. y: Natal ;

foot of the Drakensberg Range, Wood, 3519! Mahwaqua Peak, Polela, Wood,

4281! Var. 8: Drakensberg Range, Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4976!

Section XXXII LAMPROTIS. (Sp. 379-398.)

379. E. dianthifolia (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 338) ;

erect, 1-11 ft. high; branches numerous, subvirgate, the younger

pubescent with short subplumose or barbellate hairs, glabrescent ;

leaves opposite, erect, linear, acuminate, keeled, glabrous, 4—7 lin.

long ; inflorescence terminal; flowers solitary, or 2-nate, calycine ;

pedicels tomentose, 2 lin. long; bracts approximate, ovate-lanceolate,

acuminate, concave, rigid, glumaceous, whitish, shorter than the

sepals ; sepals like the bracts, but larger and somewhat spreading,

the keel produced into a stout cuspidate point, the whole 23-8 lin.

long, reaching to below the apex of the corolla-segments ; corolla

ovoid-urceolate, white, 34-4 lin. long; segments spreading, ovate-

cordate, nearly as long as the tube; anthers lateral, affixed well

above the base of the cells, oblong, subobtuse, 2 lin. long, crested ;

pore under } the length of the cell; crests ovate, acute, serrulate,

nearly 4 the length of the cell; ovary glabrous ; ovules subovate,

membrane-margined. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 649. H. oppositi-

folia, var. major, Andr. Heathery, t. 179. E. biflora, Link, Enum.

Hort. Berol. i. 367 ; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 683.

South AFRICA: without locality, Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated speci-

mens !

Coast Rxreion: Caledon Div.; Baviaans Kloof, near Genadendal, Niven,

19! 70a! mountains near Hartebeest River, Grisbrook! Swellendam_ Div. ;

Erica. | ERICACEA (Guthrie & Bolus). 253

near Storms Vlei, Zeyher, 3265! mountains near Swellendam, Shand in Herb.

Bolus, 6253! Schlechter, 5682! Riversdale Div.; summit of Kampsche Berg,

Burchell, 7114!

Allied to £. Nabea, of which it has somewhat the appearance in miniature ;

but the sepals are much smaller, and the corolla larger and differently

shaped. 4

380. E. borboniefolia (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc, vi. 386) ; stout,

erect, entirely glabrous; branches numerous, somewhat erowded,

ascending, virgate or flexuous, and subdiffuse ; leaves opposite, erect,

mostly adpressed, linear, acute, keeled, 2—3 lin. long, the floral often

subpetaloid ; flowers mostly 2-nate, crowded or clustered, often in

dense masses; pedicels 2 lin. long; bracts 2, median, ovate or

spathulate (Bentham), acute, coloured, 3 lin. long; sepals like the

bracts, or subobovate, petaloid, 4—5 lin. long ;_ corolla tubular-

inflated, slightly contracted at the throat, 5-6 lin. long by about

1 lin. in the widest diam.; segments ovate, acuminate, 13 the

length of the tube; anthers oblong, tapering above the middle,

truncate at the base, about 1 lin. long; crested high above the base ;

pore nearly 4 the length of the cell; crests ovate-acuminate, more

than 4.the length of the cell, reaching very little below its base;

style included ; stigma capitellate ; ovary cylindrical, elongate,

8-lobed. . togata, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1626. E. aperta, Spreng.

Syst. Veg. ii. 200.

Coast Rearon, from 1200 to 4700 ft: Caledon Div.; Zwartberg Range,

near Caledon, Pappe in Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 20b! tops of the mountains of

Baviaans Kloof, near Genadendal, Masson, 24! Burchell, 7762! Bolus, Herb.

Norm. Austr,-Afr., 354! Schlechter, 9872! Roser!

The relative length of the sepals and corolla is apparently variable; partly

due to different stages of maturity, and partly to the degree of spread of the

sepals,

381. E. lutea (Berg. Desc. Pl. Cap. 115); about 1-12 ft. high,

entirely glabrous; branches numerous, ascending, subvirgate or

flexuous, slender ; leaves opposite, imbricate, slightly spreading or

adpressed, linear, acute, keeled, 1-3 lin. long; flowers 2~3-4-nate,

often clustered; pedicels 1-114 lin. long; bracts 2, submedian, more

rarely a third subbasal, 1 lin. or less long ; sepals broad-oblanceolate

or more commonly broad-ovate or obovate, keeled-tipped, shortly

acuminate, 14-13 lin. long, from 1—2 the length of the corolla ; corolla

conical-tubular, somewhat inflated at the base, tapering to a more or

less narrow mouth, white or yellow, 31-4 lin. long; segments

spreading, ovate, obtuse, 1—2 the length of the tube; anthers oblong,

very obtuse, pallid, about 2 lin. long, shortly crested; pore under

+ the length of the cell ; crests affixed near the base of the corolla,

and (in the flowers examined) spreading somewhat horizontally,

lanceolate, subentire, curved, less than 1 the length of tbe eell;

stigma capitellate ; ovary cylindrical, lobed. Linn. Mant. Alt, 234;

Thunb. Fl. Cap, ed. Schult. 359; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 1, 13;

Andr. Heathery, t. 29, and Col. Heaths, t. 32; Lodd. Bot. Cab.

t. 64; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 651. E. imbellis, Salisb. Prodr.

254. ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hrica,

298, and in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 385. EF. oppositifolia, Andr.

Heathery, t. 178, and Col, Heaths, t. 192; var. alla, Lodd. Bot.

Cab. t. 1343.

Coast Rreton : Cape Div.; frequent on the mountains of the Cape Peninsula,

Thunberg, Niven, 69! 70! Sieber, 195! Zeyher, 1093! Bolus, 3295! Guthrie,

483! Wolley Dod, 819! Stellenbosch Div.; mountains near Lowrys Pass,

Guthrie! Paarl or Worcester Div.; Dutoits Kloof, Drége/ Caledon Div.;

Zwart Berg, Mund, 17! Pappe!

382. E. tenuifolia (Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1002); 6-18 in.

high, entirely glabrous ; leaves opposite (oceasionally some 3-nate

on the same plant), erect or adpressed, imbricate, linear-trigonous,

acute, keeled, suleate, the younger with a reddish tinge in the upper

part, 1-2 lin. long; flowers 3-nate, mostly crowded; pedicels

1-1; lin. long; bracts 2, remote, about 1 lin, long; sepals spreading,

obovate, very concave, acute, apiculate, keeled, 14-2 lin, long,

mostly reaching about 1 the length of corolla; corolla ovoid-

urceolate or subconical, inflated at the base, contracted at the

throat, 23-3 lin. long; segments ovate, subacute, nearly 3 the

length of the tube; anthers oblong, obtuse, pallid, 2 lin. long,

minutely toothed or crested; pore 3 the length of the cell; crests

very variable in size, from 4; to 4 the length of the cell; stigma

small, subsimple ; ovary subtruncate, lobed. Berg. Deser. Pl. Cap.

116; Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2,507; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 651.

L. oppositifolia, var. rubra, Andr, Heathery,t.180 (not characteristic).

E. linifolia, Salisb. in Trans, Linn. Soc. vi. 386.

Coast Reaton : Cape Div. ; frequent on the mountains of the Cape Peninsula,

up to the summit of Table Mountain, Thunberg, Burchell, 594! Cooper, 3047 !

Bolus, 3875! 4700! Guthrie, 338! 814! Wolley Dod, 2156! 3336! Galpin,

3619 ! 3620! Caledon Div.; mountains near Appels Kraal, Ecklon Sf Zeyher,

near Zoetmelks Vlei, Grisbrook ! near Onrust Kiver, Schlechter, 9491 !

Closely allied to H. lutea, and perhaps to be regarded as a variety of it. It is

also allied to E. borboniefolia, and all three resemble each other in floral

structure, but differ in aspect. —

383. E. Alfredii (Guthrie & Bolus); ereet, entirely glabrous ;

branches virgate or incurved, the younger pallid, smooth, strongly

channelled between the decurrent leaf-cushions; leaves 3-nate,

imbricate, erect, subadpressed, linear-lanceolate, acute, callous-tipped,

margins inflexed with a narrow subscarious edge, glaucous, 4—52 lin.

long; flowers umbellate; umbels 6-9-flowered, erect-spreading ;

pedicels 7-9 lin. long; bracts, 2 subapproximate, 12 lin. from apex

of pedicel, the third quite basal, eaducous or sometimes wanting,

lanceolate, acuminate, subscarious, foxy-brown, 5-6 lin. long; sepals

like the bracts but ovate, acuminate, 6-7 lin. long, 3-4 lin. wide ;

corolla tubular-conical or subampullaceous, rosy, 9-10 lin. long,

about 3-4 lin. in diam. above the base, rosy; segments probably

stellato-patent, ovate, acuminate, about + the length of the tube ;

filaments capillary, flexuous, 8 lin, long; anthers broad-oblong, very

obtuse, 3 lin. long, muticous; pore 2 the length of the cell ; style

Erica. | ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). | 255

ineluded ; stigma capitate; capsule globose, glabrous; seeds sub-

globose, scorbiculate, muricate on the margins of the pits.

Coast Reeton: Caledon Div.; mountains near the Yondereinde River,

5400 ft., Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4574 !

384. E. bracteolaris (Lam. Encycl. i. 481); stout, 12 ft. or

more high, entirely glabrous; branches ascending, often virgate,

fastigiate ; leaves 3-nate, adpressed, imbricate, or the lower as long

as the internodes, linear or narrow-lanceolate, acute, suleate, 2-3 lin.

long ; floral leaves sometimes dilated or even subsepaloid ; flowers

3-nate, pseudo-capitate by close packing in very short or arrested

terminal branchlets ; pedicels 1 lin. long ; bracts, two approximate,

oblanceolate, acuminate, the third basal, longer and broader ; sepals

spathulate, unguiculate, keel-tipped, subobtuse, apiculate, with a

rather broad diaphanous margin, about 4 lin. long, scarcely reaching

to the top of the corolla-tube ; corolla subtubular, almost equal or a

little inflated above the base, 31-5 lin. long; segments ovate, acute,

scarcely { the length of the tube ; anthers broad-oblong, very obtuse,

the length 1% times the width, muticous or very minutely subdenticu-

late at the base ; pore about } the length of the cell; appendages

not reaching nearly to the base of the cell; stigma capitate ; ovary

cylindrical, lobed. . glomerata, Andr. Heathery, t. 264, and Col.

Heaths, t, 237, not of Salish. nor of Sinclair; Benth. in DC. Prodr.

vil. 650. 2. rubella, Bot. Mag. t. 2165; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 658.

LE. calycinades, Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 4.

Coast Reaion: Swellendam Div. ; Riet Kuil, Niven, 74! mountain peak

near Swellendam, Burchell, 7300! 7333! Borcherds in Herb. Bolus, 5958 !-

mountains near Zuurbraak, Schlechter, 2102! Galpin, 3608! Also cultivated

specimens |

We have seen and dissected Lamarck’s type in Paris Herbarium ; it agrees ‘well

with Andrews’ figures.

385. E. steinbergiana (Wendl. f. ex Klotzsch in Linnea, xii.

531); 1-11 ft. high, entirely glabrous ; branches few, virgate ; leaves

3-nate, adpressed, imbricate, or the lower sometimes scarcely longer

than the internodes, lanceolate, 1}—21 lin. long, acute or acuminate,

thick, round-backed, suleate ; flowers 3-nate, subsessile, somewhat

clustered; bracts 2, approximate, linear-oblanceolate, acute, 2—21

lin. long; sepals oblanceolate or lanceolate, keel-tipped, sharply

acuminate, the margins somewhat involute, 2}~—3 lin. long, about as

long as the corolla-tube ; corolla subtubular, more or less inflated at

the base, subtetragonous, 4—5 lin. long; segments ovate, acuminate,

about 4 the length of the tube ; anthers broad-oblong, very obtuse,

pallid, smooth, a little over 4 lin. long, muticous ; pore about } the

length of the cell; stigma capitellate ; ovary short-cylindrical,

truneate, prominently 8-lobed. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 650.

Var. 8, abbreviata (Bolus); leaves broad-lanceolate, 14 lin. long ; sepals broad-

oblanceolate, mostly $-% the length of the corolla-tube.

Souta AFrRica: without locality, Hesse.

Coast ReGion: Riversdale Div.; Kafferkuils River, Niven, 73! Langeberg

256 ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hriea.

Range, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 1911! Var. 8: Riversdale Div. ; on the Kampsche

Berg, Burchell, 7086 !

386. E. taxifolia (Bauer, Exot. Pl. t. 19); erect, rigid, generally

under a foot high; branches numerous, short, nearly straight, stout,

pallid, the younger channelled by the prominent decurrent leaf-

cushions, pubescent or glabrous; léaves 3-nate, erect, spreading

or the older squarrose, crowded, imbricate, linear-trigonous, acute or

acuminate, sulcate, glabrous, 4-6 lin. long; flowers umbellate, or

subumbellately-clustered, with occasionally a few axillary ; pedicels

3-4 lin. long, pubescent or glabrous; bracts remote, oblanceolate,

coloured, 2—4 lin. long; sepals ovate or obovate, acute, keel-tipped,

mucronate, coloured, 21—41 lin. long; corolla ovoid-urceolate 3-41

lin. long, 13-2 lin. wide; segments ovate, subacute, darker-coloured

or brownish, a little less than 4 the length of the tube; anthers

narrow-elliptical, rounded at the base and apex, smooth, 4—2 lin. long,

subaristate ; pore less than } the length of the cell; awns subulate,

about 1 the length of the cell; style included; stigma capitate ;

ovary turbinate, or depressed-globose, glabrous. Wendl. Bot.

Beobacht. 44, and Eric. Ic. fasc. 2, 19; Salish. in Trans. Linn.

Soc. vi. 3887; Andr. Heathery, t. 93, and Col. Heaths, t. 63, also

var. major, l.c. t. 243, and I.c. t, 279; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

651. LE. corifolia, & Herb. Thunb. ex Rach in Linnea, xxvi. 779.

E. turgida, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 365, not of Salish, £.

juniperifolia, Salish, Prodr. 296. EH. lawxifolia, Steud. Nom. ed.

a ay &

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Niven, 64! and cultivated specimens !

Coast Rraion, from 1000 to 3000 ft.: Tulbagh Div. ; Witsen Berg, Burchell,

8664! Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drége! Bolus, 5175! Paarl Div. ; near

Wellingtov, MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 20! French Hoek, Bolus,

6966! Schlechter, 10266! Stellenbosch Div.; Gordons Bay, Miss Guthrie!

Lowrys Pass, Burchell, 8233! Caledon Div., Roser! Knysna Div., Buchanan

in Herb. Bolus, 5837 !

Bentham, following Andrews, made @ variety of the larger-flowered forms,

but we find the size of the flowers variable by small gradations; as a

rule, the specimens from the higher altitudes appear to have the larger

flowers.

387. E. pyenantha (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 653); entirely

glabrous; fluriferous branchlets densely fastigiate-corymbose, 1—2 in.

long ; leaves 3-nate, ereet, adpressed, imbricate, ovate (Bentham) or

lanceolate, very acute, sulcate, concave, the upper 2 lin. long;

flowers 3-nate, pseudo-corymbose in our specimens, erect; pedicels

2-21 lin. long; bracts narrow-lanceolate, remote, 2 lin. long;

sepals oblong-lanceolate, acute, apiculate, keeled, margins hyaline,

3 lin. long; corolla tubular, slightly inflated, 4-41 lin. long;

segments cordate-ovate, acute, } the length of the tube; anthers

broad-oblong, very obtuse, } lin. long, narrow-crested ; pore 3 the

length of the cell; crests minute, 4 the length of the cell, and

not reaching below its base; style included ; stigma capitate.

Coast Rereion : Caledon Div. ; near the Klein River, Masson, 21 !

Erica. ] ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 257

388. E. chlamydiflora (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 338) ;

slender, erect, 1-13 ft. or more high; branehes subvirgate, pallid,

pubescent, glabrous or glabrescent; leaves 3-nate, erect, often

adpressed, linear-lanceolate or oblong, subobtuse, sulcate, glandular-

hirsute or glabrous, ciliate or at length naked, imbricate in the upper-

most, or equalling or shorter than the internodes in the lower parts

of the branches, 2-2} lin. long; flowers sub-3-nate, clustered or

more often lax; pedicels 2~3 lin. long; bracts, 2 upper sub-

approximate, lowest median, lanceolate, ciliate, 1} lin. long; sepals

lanceolate, acute or acuminate, not or scarcely imbricating at the

base, spreading or sometimes somewhat recurved towards the apex,

keeled or the keel sometimes obsolete, mostly faintly wrinkled aeross

the keel near the base, 13—2 lin. long, pale purple or lilac, reaching

a little below or above the corolla; corolla urceolate-tubular, very

little inflated below or contracted at the throat, subtetragonous,

prominently 4-nerved, viscidulous, 13-14 lin. long; segments

rounded, stellate-patent or subrecurved, concolorous, about 4 the

length of the tube; anthers longitudinally semilanceolate, 5} times

as long as their greatest width, tapering to the apex but scarcely

acute, smooth; cells deeply partite, between 2 and } lin. long,

appendiculate ; pore more than } the length of the cell ; appendages

lanceolate, acute, incurved, incised, + the length of the cell; style

included, or just manifest above the corolla-tube ; stigma capitate ;

ovary glabrous. Benth, in DC. Prodr, vii. 656. E. viscaria; Roxb.

ex Salisb. l.c.

Coast Reaion: Cape Div.; eastern slopes of Table Mountain, above Con-

stantia, in the Cape Govt. Herb., without collector’s name, but with the locality

number 85 of Ecklon § Zeyher on the label! Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentois

Holland Mountains, Masson in Herb. Salisbury ! Caledon Div. ; mountains near

the Zondereinde River, Grisbrook in Herb, Guthrie, 4975 |

We have seen and examined Salisbury’s type. The species is allied to BE.

gnaphaloides. The slenderness of the whole flower, the sepals more spreading

and less imbricate at the base than is usual, and their almost lilac colour,

serve generally to distinguish this species, which is by no means common.

389. E. gnaphaloides (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 356) ; erect, 1-1} ft.

high; branches mostly erect and fastigiate, slender, puberulous,

glabrescent, the younger angular by prominent leaf-cushions ; leaves

3-nate, erect and mostly adpressed, not crowded, equalling or longer

than the internodes, linear, blunt, suleate, glabrous, 1-1} lin, long ;

flowers 3-nate, often clustered ; pedicels 3-1} lin. long; bracts, 2

subapproximate, 1 remote, narrow-lanceolate; sepals obovate, ellip-

tical or lanceolate, acute or acuminate, keeled, concave, more or less

imbricate at the base, incurved but often somewhat spreading at the

apex, about 11 lin. long, pallid or rosy ; corolla somewhat variable,

campanulate-tubular to obconic, sometimes subtetragonous, 1}—1} lin.

long, rarely in fully-matured and well-grown plants (Schlechter,

5397) 15 or nearly 2 lin. long; segments at maturity recurved,

rounded, from 2—} the length of the tube, concolorous or nearly so ;

VOL, IV.—SECT. I. 8

258 ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

anthers oblong, obtuse, ascending at the base, + lin. long, with the

pore less than } the length of the cell, or longitudinally semi-

elliptical, tapering to base and apex, 2 lin. long, with the pore 2 the

length of the cell; cells deeply parted, crested; crests subovate,

acute in outline, incised, naked or ciliolate, about 1 the length of

the cell; style included, angular; stigma 4-fid, cruciform; ovary

pallid, lobed, glabrous. Benth, in DC. Prodr. vii. 656. E. gnap-

halodes, Berg. Descr. Pl. Cap. 119; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 19,

109, #.42. HE. gnaphaliiflora, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 337.

E. calycina, var. minor, Andr. Heathery, t. 108, and Col. Heaths, t.

156. E. paniculata, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1194? not of Linn. £.

tetrastigmata, Bolus in Journ. Linn, Soc. xxiv. 178. E. lilacina,

Klotzsch ex Benth. l.c. 657.

Coast REGION, ascending to 2500 ft.: Paarl Div.; French Hoek, Bolus,

6984! Cape Div. ; Cape Flats, near Rondebosch, &c., Burchell, 170! Zeyher, 1111!

Bolus, 3747! Guthrie, 88! 381! Steen Berg, Wolley Dod, 3481! Muizen Berg,

Bolus, 7300! Stellenbosch Div.; Lowrys Pass, Schlechter, 5897! Caledon Div. ;

Houw Hoek, Bolus, 5451! mountains near Hemel-en-Aarde, Zeyher, 3276!

Zwart Berg, Schlechter, 5577! Bredasdorp Div.; near Potte Berg, Mund, 28!

Riversdale Div. ; Garcias Pass, Burchell, 6943 !

This species has been much confused, and is often marked “ E. articularis”’ in

herbaria. The 4-fid cruciform stigma is generally a diagnostic character, and

was noted by Linnzeus. Drége’s 7743, while it exhibits this character, has flowers

much more like those of E. chlamydiflora. We regard it as a hybrid, and merely

note it. We do not cite Thunberg’s E. gnaphalodes, Diss. Erica, 45, although

Rach’s determination of this as £. articularis, L., is probably wrong. Our

plants agree well with Wendland’s figure cited above. There are two forms, one

represented by the last-named figure, slender and virgate; and a_ stouter

and more branching one, with more numerous and crowded flowers, resembling

some species of § Trigemma. But the two forms are by no means distinct,

and are connected by intermediates.

390. E. articularis (Linn. Mant. 65); mostly erect, 1-12 ft.

high; branehes usually virgate, not numerous, slender, glabrous,

rarely puberulous; leaves 3-nate, erect, mostly incurved and

adpressed, generally about equal to the internodes, linear or narrow-

lanceolate, keeled or suleate, mostly 14-3 lin. long; flowers 3-nate,

more or less clustered, often so crowded on short branchlets as to

form a dense long pseudo-spike; pedicels slender, 1-12 lin. long;

bracts 2, subremote or subapproximate, linear-subulate to oblanceo-

late, third subbasal, longer or wanting ; sepals obovate, keel-tipped,

acute or obtuse, concave, spreading at full maturity, generally reach-

ing from 3—} the length of the corolla (including the limb), 3-14

lin. long; corolla suburceolate, only slightly contracted at the

throat, sometimes subtetragonous, 11-2 lin. long; segments erect or

spreading, subovate, deep flesh-eolour (Andrews), concolorous or

dark-coloured, 4—} the tube in length; anthers sublateral, almost

basifixed ; cells deeply parted, semi-ovate or elliptical, 12 lin. long,

crested ; pore about 3 the length of the cell; crests subovate in out-

line, more or less deeply incised ; style included; stigma capitate ;

ovary lobed. Benth, in DC. Prodr. vii, 653; E. teretiuscula,

Erica. | ERICACE® (Guthrie & Bolus). 259

Wendl. Eric, Ic. fase. 21, 141, ¢. 54. EH. flagelliformis, Andr.

Col. Heaths, t. 234. H. flagellata, Andr. Heathery, t. 262.

LE. flagellaris, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 365. E. corifolia,

Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 386. EF. struthiolefolia and E.

Jjiliformis ? Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 636 (acc. to Benth.). E. rubi-

cunda, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 540. . strutiefolia, Steud.

Nomencl. ed. 2, i. 580.

Var. 8, meyeriana (Bolus) ; dwarf, 4-8 in. high; branches numerous, short,

flexuous and intertwined ; leaves ovate, oblong, or narrow-oblong, #~1 lin. long ;

flowers laxer and fewer than in the type; corolla-limb dark-coloured and

brownish ; anthers smaller than in the type, the crests lessincised. EH. meyeriana,

Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 541. E. pallescens, Klotzsch, l.c. 541. E. gnapha-

loides, H. Meyer ew Klotzsch, l.c. 541.

Var. y, implexa (Bolus); dwarf, 6 in. high; branches many, slender,

flexuous or intertwined ; leaves small, subovate, acute, thick, keeled or sulcate,

$-1 lin. long ; corolla from ovoid to subtubular, thin and hyaline in texture,

subtetragonous, white, 14 lin. long ; limb spreading, concolorous.

Sourn Arrica: without locality; Var. y (Niven ?), 65!

Coast Rraion: frequent from Clanwilliam Div. to Caledon Div., Thunberg,

Burchell, 8640! Ecklon S§ Zeyher! Drége! MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm.

Austr.-Afr., 22! 355! Bolus, 4055! 4748! 5285! 5422! Guthrie, 1007! 1504!

2188! 38178! Marloth, 1682! ZLeipoldt, 611! Var. 8: much less frequent;

Worcester Div.; Dutoits Kloof, distributed as “ E. gnaphalodes, L.,” Drege!

Paarl Div.; French Hoek, 1000-1500 ft., Guthrie, 3166! Caledon Div.; near

the Baths at Caledon, Guthrie, 2503! Riversdale Div.; Kampsche Berg,

1000 ft., Galpin, 3607! Var. y: Worcester Div. ; on the Matroosberg, 5700 ft.,

Bolus, 6897! (Schlechter, 10073, may belong here, but the flowers are too young

for identification).

In Linneus’ herb. is a specimen marked £. articularis, which agrees with his

description, so far as that goes; also with the figure of Wendland’s E£. tere.

tiusewla, and with numerous specimens marked by Bentham and others with

the latter name. Our var. 8 is hardly more than a colour variety. Galpin’s

3607 and Guthrie’s 3166 connect the two varieties as to leaf-form. Var. y

may be a more stunted, subalpine form of var. 8 (which also was found at a

higher elevation) ; had it stood alone, it would doubtless have been deemed of

specific rank. It has the aspect of E. humifusa, Salisb., otherwise a very

different plant.

391. E. caledonica (Spreng. fil. Tent. Suppl. Syst. Veg. 13);

apparently of dwarf habit, entirely glabrous; branches ascending,

scarred with the short prominent leaf-cushions, the ultimate

fastigiate and crowded; leaves 3-nate, erect, sexfariously, densely

and uniformly imbricate, ovate, acute, concave, thick, suleate, 23 lin.

long by 1 lin. or less broad; flowers 3-nate, somewhat clustered ;

pedicels 3—4 lin. long, exceeding the sepals; bracts remote, the two

upper linear-spathulate, acute, the lower absent or replaced by a

bract-like floral leaf at the base ; sepals broadly obovate, keel-tipped

and apiculate, very concave and rigid, scarious-edged, about 1} lin.

long, or 3 the length of the corolla-tube; corolla urceolate, 3}—4

lin. long; segments stellate-patent, ovate, subacute, about } the

length of the tube; anthers broad-oblong, suddenly tapering to a

subacute apex, 2 lin. long, crested ; pore about } the length of the

cell; crests affixed about the middle of the cell, not spreading, narrow-

s 2

260 ERICACEm (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

lanceolate, incised, in length * of the cell; ovary columnar, glabrous.

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 653. E. marginata, Baril. in Linnea,

vii. 637. E. cochleariformis, Wendl. ex Klotsch in Linnea, xii.

542.

South AFRICA: without locality (Niven?), 66! Ecklon § Zeyher, ex

Bartling.

Coast Reaion: Caledon Div.; tops of the mountains of Baviaans Kloof,

near Genadendal, Masson, 22! Burchell, 7682!

392. E. chlorosepala (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 649) ; prostrate

(Burchell), or decumbent (Masson § Schlechter) ; branches straggling,

slender, rigid, pallid or yellowish, minutely downy, channelled

between the leaf-cushions, and the older covered with their persistent

scars, 4 in. or more long; leaves 3-nate, erect, imbricate, elliptic-

oblong, subacute, rather flat, but rather thick and coriaceous, often

shrinking and wrinkled in drying, sulcate, glabrous, the stout pallid

petiole ciliate, 23-3 lin. long; flowers subaxillary, solitary, the

pedicels subtended at the base by several pallid bract-like aborted

leaves, forming a short pseudo-raceme below the ends of excurrent

branches, calycine; pedicels curved, tomentulose, 11—2 lin. long;

bracts subapproximate, like the sepals but smaller, 1} lin. long ;

sepals oblong-lanceolate, acute, keeled in the upper half, cartilaginous,

rigid, coneave, pale-margined, white or yellowish (or acc. to Bentham,

subfoliaceous, greenish), nearly 21 lin. long, reaching to a little below

the top of the corolla-tube ; corolla ovoid-urceolate, well-contracted

at the throat, ‘golden-yellow ” (Schlechter), 21 lin. long; segments

spreading-recurved, ovate-orbicular, under 1 lin. long, the whole

31 lin. long; anthers bluntly subtriangular or obliquely subovate,

ubtuse, membranous, pallid; eells deeply partite, nearly + lin. long,

aristate; pore 3 the length of the cell; awns affixed a little above

the base of the cell, straightly dependent, setiform, nearly as long

as the cells; style stout, clavate, 4-gonous; stigma simple or

conical; ovary finely puberulous, dark-coloured ; ovules lenticular,

or at least compressed, immarginate.

Coast Reaion: Swellendam Div.; Langeberg Range, near Zuurbraak,

3500 ft., Schlechter; 2044! Riversdale Div.; summit of Kampsche Berg,

Burchell, 7098! Div. ? *‘ Boschjesmans Pad,” Masson, 12!

A very distinct species, somewhat anomalous by its inflorescence in this or any

of our sections. It was placed by Bentham in § Platyspora, but is unlike

that by its calycine flowers. Bentham had not seen mature seeds, nor have

we.

393. E. levigata (Bart]. in Linnea, vii. 638); entirely glabrous,

or the pedicels minutely hairy; branches ascending, slender,

sometimes very numerous and filiform; leaves 3-nate, erect, sub-

adpressed, imbricate, or only a little longer than the internodes,

linear or narrow-lanceolate, acute, mucronate, very smooth, often

with a narrow pellucid margin and apex, 11-21 lin. long; flowers

Erica. | ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 26]

3-nate, or by arrest of branchlets often axillary, somewhat more lax

and the flowers less crowded than ir the allied species; pedicels

slender, minutely hairy, 2-3 lin. long; bracts 3, remote, the 2

upper small, the lower basal, larger, or absent; sepals ovate, acumi-

nate, acute, keel-tipped, concave, somewhat spreading, mostly about

1} lin. long, reaching to about 3 the length of corolla-tube, pale or

darker rosy-red, concolorous; corolla elongate-ovoid-urceolate, the

neck rather long-tapering, only slightly contracted at the throat,

rosy or darker red, 2-21 lin. long; segments ovate, obtuse or

subacute, spreading or early connivent, 1 the length of the tube,

concolorous ; anthers oblong, obtuse, pallid, 1-2 lin. long, minutely

aristate ; pore over 3 the length of the cell; awns free, tooth-like ;

style ineluded ; stigma capitate. Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 650.

L. oppositifolia, var. rubra, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1060?

Var. B, elongata (Bolus) ; sepals obovate; corolla longer than in the type;

tube less inflated or nearly equal, reaching nearly 23 lin. in length; segments

rounded and very obtuse anthers smaller, { lin. long, more ovate, with minute

free awns.

Var. y, decurrens (Bolus); anthers minutely decurrent-denticulate along the

filament.

Sourn Arnica: without locality, Mund!

Coast ReGion: Caledon Div.; Klein River, Masson, 35! Genadendal Moun-

tain, 2500 ft., Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 6898! near Caledon Baths, 800 ft.,

Guthrie, 2502B! and without exact locality, Ecklon § Zeyher, ex Bartling.

Var. 6: Knysna Div.; without locality, Buchanan in Herb. Bolus, 5836!

Var. y: Caledon Div.; Zwart Berg, near Sandfontein, 2000 ft., Schlechter,

10346! ;

Closely allied to E. articularis, L., differing chiefly by its laxer and more

frequently axillary inflorescence, its relatively shorter sepals, and the smaller

and differently-shaped anther-appendages,

394. E. corifolia (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 355, in an extended

sense) ; usually 1-12 ft. high; branches erect or spreading, mostly

glabrous, rarely puberulous; leaves mostly 8-nate, in one form

(E. patula, Klotzsch) often opposite, erect or adpressed, often

imbricate, linear to lanceolate, rarely narrow-ovate, acute, keeled or

sulcate, concave, the younger ciliate or naked, 13-4} lin. long, the

floral sometimes larger, scarious or sepaloid; flowers in terminal

clusters, rarely lax; pedicels 13-2 (rarely 3) lin. long; bracts, two

median or nearly so, third basal or wanting, spathulate or oblanceo-

late, mostly naked, rarely softly ciliate, 11-4 lin. long ; sepals wide-

spreading, imbricate below, a little longer or a little shorter than the

corolla, rarely about 4 its length, obovate or lanceolate, acute, keeled

or keel-tipped, very smooth, sometimes shining bright rosy to white,

11-4 lin. long; corolla varying between tubular-urceolate and

ovoid-ureeolate, never much inflated at the base or contracted at the

throat, bright red to white, 13-5 lin. long; segments mostly ovate,

acute or acuminate, sometimes short and broader than long, dis-

coloured or at length brownish, mostly from 1~} the length of the

262 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [| Hrica

tube ; anthers from cuneate to oblong, 1—2 lin. long, crested; pore

2 the length of the cell or more; crests lanceolate to ovate, incised

or serrulate, about 1+ the length of the cell; style included; stigma

capitate. Berg. Pl. Cap. 108; Bauer, Exot. Pl. t. 21; Benth. in

DC. Prodr. vii. 652. EH. eorifolia, Thunb. Diss. Erica, 46, partly ;

see Rach in Linnea, xxvi. 779, . corifolia, var. spicata, Wendl.

Eric. Ie. fase. 24, 185, t. 70. E. calycina, Andr. Heathery, t. 8,

and Col. Heaths, t. 8; Wendl. l.c. fasc. 10, 11; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t.

594. EH. calycina, var. melastoma, Andr. Heathery, t. 254. H.

articularis, Curt. Bot. Mag. t. 423. “ E. tunicata, Bartl. in Linnea,

vii. 686, and E. Alopecias, Tausch in Flora, 1837, 498,” acc. to

Benth. £. bracteata, Thunb. Diss. Erica,13. E. obvallaris, Salish.

in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 886, and “ E. hyssopifolia, Salisb, l.c. 387,

and EH. obcordata, Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 17,” ace. to Benth.

E. polygaleflora, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 537. E. patula, Klotzsch,

Le. 538. EH. calycanthoides, Klotasch, l.c. 539. E. obtecta, Tausch

in Flora, 1839, 638. EH. togatoides, Forbes, Hort. Wob. 86. E.

erectiuscula, Wendl. ex Klotzsch, l.c., 5386. EH. pigra, Soland.

ex Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 387.

Coast ReGion: frequent on the plains and mountains from Tulbagh Div. to

George Div., Thunberg, Burchell, 7661! 7988! Ecklon & Zeyher, 3267! 3268 !

38271! MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 21! 1804! Guthrie,

1305! 2282! 2287! 2502! 2794! 8613! 4591! Bolus, 1199! 4172! 5431!

6742! 6895! 7512! 8494! 9168! Schlechter, 2267! 5414! 7262! 9508!

10360! Galpin, 3615! 3617! 4941! Wolley Dod, 295! 894! 904!

A very variable species, which has been unduly divided by the earlier authors,

and even Bentham observed under E. corifolia: “A variable species, nor is it

separated by any certain characters from its neighbours, since it is connected by

intermediate forms with the preceding species [E. bracteata, Thunb.] and with

the four following [E. polygalaflora, patula, nodifiora, and teretiuscula].”? We

have examined a very large suite of specimens, and in the result find that

it runs into three chief forms, which cannot even be separated into varieties, since

they are all connected by intermediates. These are :

A. Corolla 33-5 lin. long; floral leaves often larger and sepaloid ; sepals from

a little shorter than, to a little exceeding the corolla. ‘This form answers broadly

to E. bracteata, Thunb. :

B. Corolla mostly 2-3 lin. long; floral leaves like the cauline ; sepals from 4

of the corolla to equal to it in length. This seems to be FE. corifolia as under-

stood by Linnzeus and the older authors, and as figured by Bauer, by Andrews,

Le. t. 8, and by Wendland, J.c. fase. 24, t. 70.

C. Corolla 14-2 lin. long, its segments sometimes, but not always, obtuse and

broader than long ; sepals often white or pallid, in length as in B; leaves often

all opposite, or 3-nate and opposite on the same plant. ‘These answer mostly

ee E. patula, Klotzsch, and in part to E. polygaleflora, Klotasch, besides

others.

The nearest allies to the species, as we understand it, are EH. nodiflora and EB.

articularis,

395. E. nodiflora (Klotzsch in Linnwa, xii. 539, not of Salisb.) ;

erect, 6-12 in. high, entirely glabrous; branches numerous, ascend-

ing, slender, sometimes filiform ; leaves 3-nate or rarely opposite,

mostly about as long as the internodes, or occasionally imbricate,

linear or narrow-oblong, acute, keeled, suleate, 1-2} lin. long ;

Frica.]} ERICACES (Guthrie & Bolus). 263

flowers 3-nate, or occasionally (by arrest of lateral branchlets) pseudo-

axillary ; pedicels 1-2 lin. long; bracts 2, rarely 3, remote, usually

small and often very small; sepals spreading, obovate or sub-

orbicular, obtuse, with a keel-like discoloured apiculate tip, 1-14 lin.

long, reaching from 3—2 the height of the corolla; corolla conical-

urceolate, or in over-mature specimens (as Zeyher’s 3287) ovoid-

ureeolate, very broad at the base, and more or less (often much)

contracted at the throat, of thin and hyaline texture, rosy or pale red,

14-1 lin. long ; segments in the living state spreading, not stellate-

patent, at length connivent, ovate, acute, short, more or less dis-

coloured, about + the length of the tube ; anthers oblong, or oblong-

cuneate, obtuse, from less than 1 to nearly + lin. long, erested ;

pore 3-2 the length of the cell ; crests variable, ovate, acute, serrulate

or incised, 4-1 the length of the cell; style included; stigma

capitate ; ovary subturbinate. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 652.

Var. B, delapsa (Bolus) ; leaves somewhat longer, up to 24 lin. long; bracts

- a little larger and more coloured; corolla 14-2 lin. long, the upper part

of the tube at length falling down, making a fold or wrinkle just above the

middle.

Coast Rrcion: Caledon Div.; sandy places near Onrust River, under

500 ft., Zeyher, 3287! Schlechter, 10388! Bredasdorp Div. ; hills near Elim,

Bolus, 8457! Ratel River Valley, Guthrie, 3792! Swellendam Div. ; Potte

Berg, Mund, 25! Var. 8: Worcester Div.; on the Matroos Berg, about 5000 ft.,

Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 3952 !

396. E. palliiflora (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 351); erect,

1-14 ft. high; branches ascending or spreading, the upper angular ;

leaves 3-nate, erect or adpressed, imbricate or shorter than the

internodes, linear or linear-lanceolate, keeled, 13-3 lin. long; flowers

3-nate, mostly clustered ; pedicels mostly glandular or puberulous,

1-21 lin. long ; bracts subremote, lax, linear to lanceolate, 1-2 lin.

long; sepals erect or slightly incurved, not spreading, ovate, acumi-

nate, the alternate pair a little narrower, keeled, in the dried state

more or less transversely wrinkled across the keel, about 2 lin. long,

usually about as long as the corolla; corolla campanulate-tubular,

sometimes marked with 12 more or less prominent parallel veins,

rosy or white, 2-21 lin. long; segments slightly spreading, rounded,

concolorous, about } the length of the tube; anthers longitudinally

subsemiovate, subacute; cells deeply parted, smooth, } lin. long,

crested ; pore 2 the length of the cell; crests sublanceolate, inciseg,

2 the length of the cell ; style included ; ovary ovoid, with a conical

projection at the apex, depressed in the centre. Benth. in DU.

Prodr. vii. 651. E. pallida, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 25, 11, t. 9,

not of Salish. E. candida, Soland. ex Salisb. l.c.

Coast Re@ion: Cape Div.; mountains near and south of Cape Town, at

300-1500 ft., Masson, 70! Bolus, 4654! 7002! 7918! Guthrie, 649 ! Schlechter !

Guthrie, 646! Wolley Dod, 1874! 2877! Caledon Div.; mountains between

Caledon and Blim, 400 ft., Bolus, 6743! Riversdale Div.; on the Langeberg

Range, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 1771! George Div.; Montagu Pass, 4200 ft.,

Schlechter, 5847 !

264 ERIcACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [ rica.

397. E. nigrimontana (Guthrie & Bolus); erect, 1 ft. or more

high, glabrous except on the younger branches and the ovary ;

branches ascending, rather straight, subfastigiate, puberulous,

glabrescent ; leaves 3-nate, erect, adpressed, not crowded, about as

long as the internodes, linear-trigonous, obtusely acute, sulcate,

the younger minutely gland-ciliate, 11-2 lin. long; flowers 3-nate ;

pedicels subviscidulous, about 14 lin. long; braets, 2 subapproxi-

mate, 1 more remote, ovate, cartilaginous, viscidulous, rosy, about

1 lin. long; sepals like the bracts but broad-ovate, keel-tipped,

imbricate at the base, about 2 lin. long, reaching nearly to the top

of the corolla; corolla urceolate-campanulate or globose-suburceolate,

not much constricted at the throat, viscidulous, rosy, 2 lin. long;

segments spreading or stellate-patent, or sometimes subrecurved,

broadly rounded, concolorous, a little over 3 the length of the tube ;

filaments dilated and bent just below the anther; anthers manifest,

about as long as the corolla, dorsifixed at or near the base, oblong,

obtuse, incurved, about 2 lin. long, crested; pore 2 the length of

the cell; crests free, lanceolate in outline, deeply inciso-partite ;

lobes linear, the whole less than 3+ the length of the cell; style

shortly exserted, thickened towards the apex ; stigma clavate-

capitellate ; ovary glabrous; ovules much compressed,

Coast Region: Caledon Div.; on the Zwart Berg, between 1000 and

3000 ft., Zeyher, 3278! Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 6745 !

Allied to and resembling EL. brevifolia, but differs by (1) more adpressed and

narrower leaves, (2) wider sepals, (3) wider corolla, (4) anthers and appendages,

(5) exserted style. The flowers are somewhat like those of E. selaginifolia, but

in this the pedicels are much shorter, the sepals much smaller and not foveolate

at the base. It has also been confused in herbaria with EF. lucida, which it

approaches in structure ; but the habit of this is different by its more fastigiate

growth, the flowers larger and viscidulous,

398. E. melanacme (Guthrie & Bolus); erect, 1 ft. or more

high ; branches slender, the younger subtrigonous by the promi-

nent decurrent leaf-cushions; leaves 3-nate, erect, somewhat ad-

pressed, the uppermost imbricate, the lower equalling or shorter

than the internodes, narrow-oblong or narrow-elliptic, blunt, sulcate,

viscid-pubescent becoming glabrous, softly ciliate, about 2 lin. long;

flowers 3-nate, somewhat clustered; pedicels thinly pubescent,

viscidulous, 33-4 lin. long; bracts lax, 2 subapproximate, 1 infra-

median, lanceolate, all or the lowest tipped with a green keel, ciliate,

viscid, 1} lin. long ; sepals somewhat unequal, the outer pair ovate,

the inner lanceolate, all softly ciliate, viscid, tipped with a sulcate,

green keel, more or less transversely wrinkled in the dried state, rosy

below, deeper upwards, dark purple at the apex, about 2 lin. long ;

corolla suburceolate, very slightly contracted at the throat, prominently

12-veined, subviscid, 2 lin. long; segments almost invariably

spreading or reflexed, rounded, erosulate, about 1 the length of the

tube; anthers narrow subelliptical, wider at the base, slightly

recurved, about ¢ lin. long, crested; pore 3 the length of the cell;

Erica.) ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 265

crests suborbicular, deeply incised, a little over 1 the cell in length;

style included, short; ovary ovoid, with a conical apex, nearly as

in L, palliifolia, very pallid, almost glabrous.

Coast Reeion: Bredasdorp Div. ; hills near Elim, 300 ft., Schlechter, 9637 |

Bolus, 8506!

Closely allied to, and greatly resembling E. palliifora. It presents the

following differences : the leaves are smaller and blunter, the younger pubescent,

and also (as are the bracts and sepals) softly ciliate; bracts larger, tipped with a

green keel and (together with the sepals and corolla) more or less viscidulous ;

sepals incurved, and more adpressed (so that the outline of the flower is more

ovate) much more obtuse, their apex always dark-coloured ; corolla more inflated

below, limb smaller, more spreading and dark-coloured; anthers and crests

somewhat different. This species is notable as affording the nearest transition

to the § Trigemma.

Section XXXIV. EORYSTEGIA. (Sp. 399-408.)

399. E. lanuginosa (Andr. Heathery, t. 122); erect, about 1 ft.

high; branches subflexuous, glabrous; leaves 3-nate, spreading,

incurverl, or at length recurved, linear, acute, the younger ciliate,

10-12 lin, long ; flowers 3-nate or often solitary, cernuous ; pedicels

puberulous, 2-3 lin. long ; bracts approximate, ovate, acute, scarious,

keeled, minutely velvety as are the sepals and corolla, 3—4 lin. long ;

sepals imbricate, erect, ovate, acute, scarious, keeled near the apex,

ciliate or naked, 6 lin. long; corolla ovoid-inflated at the base,

4-parted nearly to the base, dull red-brown, 7-9 lin. long; segnients

erect, ovate-acuminate, much tapering to the apex, acute, alternating

at the base with short triangular, acute, reflexed teeth, situated in the

sinuses, convex on the upper, concave on the lower surface ; fila-

ments much curved, about 4 lin. long; anthers included, dorsifixed

above the attenuated base, but appearing as if somewhat terminal,

broad-linear, subobtuse, smooth, 11-11 lin. long, aristate; pore

about 3 the length of the cell; awns setiform, decurrent for a

short distance along the filament, thence free and spreading, nearly

as long as the cells; style elongate, a little shorter than the corolla-

segments; stigma subsimple,.small; ovary glabrous. Benth. in

DC. Prodr. vii. 623; Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 180. E. fuscata,

F. G. Dietr. ex Steud. Nom. ed. I, 305; acc. to Ind. Kew.

Coast Rxgion: Caledon Div.; mountains near the mouth of the Klein

River, Masson, 110! Klein River Mountains, Zeyher, 3240!

The teeth between the sinuses of the corolla are very peculiar when full-

grown, but are not easily distinguishable in young or badly-dried specimens ;

we have not seen a corolla in any other species similarly furnished, and the

character is not well portrayed in Andrews’ figure.

400. E. Bodkinii (Guthrie & Bolus); erect, 1-2 ft. high;

branches ascending, the younger puberulous, glabrescent; leaves

3-nate, erect and imbricate or somewhat spreading-incurved, linear-

subulate, acute, mucronate, sulcate, thinly pilose and softly ciliate,

266 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hrica.

becoming glabrous and naked, 6-11 lin. long; flowers 1-3-nate,

cernuous; pedicels cano-pubescent, reddish, 4-5 lin. long; bracts

remote, linear to ovate, pubescent, subsearious, 1-21 lin. long ;

sepals ovate, acutely keel-tipped, thick and rigid, concave, finely and

closely tomentose, dull red, 3-5 lin. long, mostly from §—{ the

length of the corolla ; corolla from subeyathiform to ovate, 4-partite

very nearly to the base; segments lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate,

_ obtusely acute, suberect, at length connivent, externally puberulous,

dull pink or nearly white, 4-6 (mostly about 5) lin. long; filaments

strongly bent at the base, much bent and dilated at the apex, about

2; lin. long; anthers lateral, dorsifixed well above the base, but

(owing to the narrowness of the cells at the base) appearing sub-

terminal ; cells deeply partite and subdistant, oblong, about 2 lin.

long, crested ; pore about 2 the length of the cell ; crests partially

adnate to the filament above, then free and spreading, oblong,

lacerate, subtruneate, 2—* the length of the cells; style included,

or rather subexserted ; stigma capitellate.

Coast ReGion, at 400-1200 ft. : Bredasdorp Div. ; mountains between Elim

and Napier, Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 8456! mountains between Fairfield and

Elim, Bolus, 6892! near Napier, Schlechter, 9660! Caledon Div. ; Shaws

Mountain, near Caledon, Bodkin!

Habit and general appearance of E. holosericea, from which it is to be known

by its larger flowers, deeply parted corolla, with more acute segments, three

times larger and differently shaped anthers. In floral structure, however, it

is tgs to the preceding, distinguishable by its remote bracts and smaller

corolla,

401. E. Halicacaba (Linn. Plant. Rar. Afr. 11); procumbent, or

erect against the steep sides of rocks ; branches divaricate, flexuous,

stout, woody, rigid, brittle, puberulous, densely leafy or covered with

the sears of old leaf-cushions, 6-12 in. long ; leaves 3-nate, very

closely set, spreading or squarrose-recurved, linear, round-backed,

suleate, rigid, glabrous, 4—7 lin. long ; flowers mostly solitary, some-

times 2—3-nate, at length pendulous; pedicels puberulous, 2-3 lin.

long ; bracts approximate, ovate, acuminate, keeled, scarious, about

3 lin. long; sepals like the bracts but much larger and more

adpressed, 4~5 lin. long; corolla ovoid or ovoid-tubular, inflated,

glabrous, pale yellow, 8-11 lin. long, by about 3 lin. in diam. at the

widest part ; segments erect, and at length connivent, long, tapering,

obtuse, nearly 2 the length of the entire corolla ; filaments rather

broad, dilated and thickened below the anther, very little bent, 5-6

lin. long ; anthers oblong, acute, affixed dorsally at the very base of

the deeply parted divaricate cells, 4-1$ lin. long, aristate or

muticous ; pore nearly 2 the length of the cell ; awns spreading and

upeurved, or decurved, from 3—s Of the cell in length; style straight,

shorter than the corolla-segments, but mostly manifest; stigma

subsimple, small; ovary globose, rough, glabrous. Amen. Acad. vi.

88, and. Mant. Alt. 374; Bauer, Exot. Pl. t. 2; Wendl. Erie. Ie.

Jase. 6,7; Andr. Heathery, t. 164, and Col. Heaths, t. 99; Benth.

Erica. ] ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus), 267

in DC. Prodr. vii. 623. HE. rupestris, Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soe.

vi. 353, not of Andr. FE. grossa, Salisb. Prodr, 292.

Coast Re@ion: Cape Div. ; in rocky places on the mountains of the Cape

Peninsula from Table Mountain to Simons Town, from 1000 ft. upwards, now

becoming scarce: Masson, T'hunberg, Burchell, 625! Zeyher, 3241! Harvey,

175! Bolus, 4473! Guthrie, 672! Wolley Dod, 2037! Bentham mentions

Stellenbosch Div. as a locality, but we have not been able to find any record of

stations outside of the Cape Peninsula.

The anthers are called muticous by Bentham; yet Linnaeus describes them

as aristate, and they are so figured by Bauer and by Wendland; Andrews shows

them as muticous, and we have found both forms.

402. E. monsoniana (Linn. fil. Suppl. 223); 2-4 ft. high;

branehes erect, rather straight, when young covered with a floccose

pubescence of minutely plumose hairs; leaves 3-nate, mostly erect

and closely imbricate, sometimes subspreading, linear to oblong or

narrow-elliptic, sulcate, shortly ciliate, glabrous, smooth, shining,

the floral often dilated, with a scarious margin, 2-3 lin. long ;

flowers 3-nate, on short branchlets for some distance along the

branches, at length cernuous; pedicels floccose, 11-2 lin. long;

bracts approximate, broad ovate, 4-5 lin. long; sepals erect, oval-

oblong, obtuse, glabrous, white, 6-7 lin. long; corolla elongate-

ovoid-ureeolate, contracted at the throat, glabrous, white, 9-11 lin.

long; limb nearly erect, obtuse, about 2 of the tube in length ; filaments

rather broad, red-nerved, 4-5 lin. long; anthers mostly included,

linear-cuneate, subacute, smooth, shining, black, 2-21 lin. long,

crested ; pore 41—3 the length of the cell; crests pendulous, lanceo-

late, acute, serrulate, 2 the length of the cells or less ; style included ;

stigma simple; ovary globular, glabrous, small. Andy. Heathery, t.

173, and Col. Heaths, t.110; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 10,9; Benth.

wn DC. Prodr. vii. 624. EH. Monsonie, Bauer, Exot. Pl. t. 7. .

E. variifolia, Salisb. Prodr. 298, and in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi.

353.

VaR. 8, exserta (Klotzsch in Linnwa, ix. 701); anthers exserted or sub-

exserted, their apices spreading. E. Monsonie, Bot. Mug. t. 1915,

Soutna Arrica: without locality, Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated speci-

mens! Var. B: Mund § Maire. :

Coast Rxeeion: Paarl Div.; French Hoek, Thunberg. Stellenbosch Div. ;

Hottentots Holland, Thunberg; Lowrys Pass, 2000 {ft., Schlechter, 4805!

Caledon Div.; mountains near Houw Hoek, Guthrie, 2040! near Bot River,

Guthrie, 2290! Babylon’s Tower Mountain, Zempleman in Herb. Norm. Austr.-

Afr., 752! Worcester Div. ; near Darling Bridge, Bain in Herb. Bolus, 3165!

Robertson Div.; near Montagu, Bain in Herb. Bolus, 3162! Riversdale Div.;

near Riversdale, Herb. Bolus, 3162 !

CenTRAL ReGion: Ceres Div.; Cold Bokkeveld, 5200 ft., Schlechter,

8924!

403. E. nobilis (Guthrie & Bolus); erect, about 2 ft. high,

entirely glabrous; branches ascending or spreading, pallid, angular

by the prominent leaf-cushions ; leaves spreading, reeurved, linear,

acute, sulcate, glaueous, 4—6 lin. long, the floral commonly larger

and subpetaloid, pink; flowers umbellate, at length cernuous, often

268 ERIcACER (Guthrie & Bolus). — [ Brica.

numerous ; pedicels 6-8 lin. long ; bracts large, remote, lax, broad-

lanceolate or subovate, coloured, 3-6 lin. long; sepals ovate or

obovate, acute or obtusely apiculate, often with a broad white

margin, rosy, 5-6 lin. long; corolla elongate-ovoid, or subovoid-

ureeolate, more rarely the tube somewhat eonical above the base,

generally much narrowed at the throat, 8-101 lin. long, rosy; seg-

ments spreading, ovate, obtuse, about 1-1 of the tube in length;

filaments narrow, not rigid, rising well above the ovary, 4-6 lin. long ;

anthers oblong-cuneate, acute, about 1 lin. long, crested; pore 1—1

the length of the cell; crests affixed well above the base of the cell,

straightly pendulous, lanceolate to oblong, free from the filament,

variously incised, as long or nearly as long as the cells; style

included, sometimes just manifest, somewhat 4-angled; stigma

capitellate.

Coast Reerton: Clanwilliam Div.; Cederberg Range, Leipoldt, 216!

Marloth! Herb. Bolus, 6325! Mader, 209!

Allied to EZ. glawca, and much resembling our var. 6 of that species.

404. E. glauca (Andr. Col. Heaths, t, 24); stout, erect, entirely

glabrous, 2-3 ft. high; branches rigid, ascending; leaves 3-nate,

from suberect to spreading, mostly curved, linear-semiterete, acute or

mucronate, suleate, glaucous, the floral often larger and subpetaloid,

3-6 lin. long; flowers in 4—7-flowered umbels, at length cernuous;

pedicels mostly about 4 (rarely 10-12) lin. long; bracts remote, the

lowest subbasal, laxly spreading, ovate ; sepals spreading, elliptic

or subovate, obtusely acute, keel-tipped, about 3 lin. long, or 2 the

length of the corolla more or less; corolla subglobose-urceolate, with

a rather long neck, not much contracted at the throat in the mature

state, but becoming more so as the capsule ripens, 4—6 lin. long, of

very thick texture and becoming indurated in age, variable in colour,

dull red and more or less livid purple about the throat and limb, or

pallid with green tips, or entirely green ; segments short, spreading,

about 3} of the tube in length; filaments broad, rigid, strongly

bent below the anther, 11-21 lin. long, about as long as the capsule,

so that the anther-crests rest upon its apex ; anthers oblong-cuneate,

acute or subacute, 1-1} lin. long, crested ; pore over 3 the length of

the cell; crests spreading, broad-ovate or semiorbicular, affixed at the

base of the cell and adnate to the upper part of the filament, or

partially free at the apex, finely crenulate or incised, from 1—2 the

length of the cells; capsule globular, glabrous. Andr. Heathery,

t. 25; Bot. Mag. t. 580; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 26, 9; Benth.

in DC. Prodr. vii. 654. E. elegans, Bot. Mag. t. 966, not of

Andr.

Var. 8, elegans (Bolus); aspect of E. nobilis ; sepals nearly as long as the

corolla-tube, longer than in the typical form, somewhat less spreading, and mostly

of paler colour ; corolla like the type, but sometimes reaching to 54 or 6 lin. in

length; for the rest as in the type. E. elegans, Andr. Heathery, t. 111, and

Col. Heaths, t. 165 ; Benth. in De. Prod. vii. 654,

we Arrica: without locality, cultivated specimens of the type and

var.

FBrica.] ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 269

Coast Reaton: Clanwilliam Div, ; Brakfontein, near Oliphants River (Ecklon

Sy Zeyher? in Cape Govt. Herb.) ! Ceres Div. ; Skurfdeberg Range, Masson,

134! near Ceres, MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 1079! Bolus,

7343 ! Piquetberg Div.; top of the Piquetberg Range, Niven, 62! Paarl Div. ;

Drakensteen Mountains, near Wellington, MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr,,

23! Var. 6: Paarl Div.; on Sneuwkop Mountain, near Wellington, 4900 ft.,

Miss Cummings in Herb. Bolus, 5853! Marloth, 651! Drakensteen Mountains,

MacOwan, 2416!

CENTRAL ReGion: Ceres Div. ; Cold Bokkeveld, Schlechter, 8928 !

Allied to E. nobilis, to which our var. 8 bears so great an external resemblance

as often to have been confused with it. It may possibly be a natural hybrid

between the two species,

405. E. lanipes (Guthrie & Bolus); the branch before us 7 in,

long, virgate ; side branches few, erect, straight, swollen at the nodes,

very pallid, mostly glabrous, or slightly pubescent near the summit

of the flowering branches; leaves 3-nate, erect, adpressed, slightly

imbricate, linear-lanceolate, subobtuse, concave above, sulcate-

keeled, glabrous, 8-3} lin. long; flowers 3-nate, cernuous; pedicels

decurved, stout, thickened upwards, densely covered with coarse

woolly barbellate white hairs, 6-7 lin. long ; bracts approximate, large,

ovate, scarious, coloured, concave, amplexicaul, 3-31 lin. long;

sepals slightly spreading, ovate, acute, subimbricate at the base,

cartilaginous, coloured, 4 lin. long; corolla ovoid-suburceolate, not

much contracted at the throat, glabrous, rosy or lilac, 41-5 lin. long ;

segments erect (in the dried specimens, probably somewhat spreading

in the living plant), cordate-ovate, imbricate at the base, acute, 33

of the tube in length ; filaments broad, rigid, much bent below the

anther, about 2 lin. long, considerably longer than the ovary ;

anthers narrow-oblong, subacute, about 1 lin. long, crested; pore

about 1 the length of the cell; crests obovate, obtuse or truncate

at their apex, serrulate or variously toothed, inserted above the base

of the cells, free from the filament, nearly 3 the length of the cells ;

style straight, angular; stigma clavate-capitellate; ovary smooth,

pallid, with an apical conical projection.

Coast Reeion: Caledon Div.? Our only example was a living specimen

from the Caledon “* Wild-Flower Show,’’ 1896, Herb. Bolus, 6894!

A very distinet species, with the habit and foliage of § Lamprotis, but with

floral characters so similar to those of EZ. glawca, though quite uulike in general

appearance, that they must be placed in juxtaposition. The anther-crests are

almost those of the latter, but they are placed well above the base of the cell,

and free, as in EF. nobilis ; while it is immediately known from both by its much

smaller, erect and adpressed leaves. It is to be regretted that our material

(though good) is so small; but a fragment sufficient for identification has been

sent to the Kew Herbarium.

406. E. papyracea (Guthrie & Bolus); erect, reaching 7-8 ft.

high (Schlechter); branches stout, rather straight, puberulous ;

leaves 4-nate, erect-incurved, crowded, densely imbricate, linear-

subulate, acuminate, keeled, glabrous, 4—5 lin. long ; flowers 4-nate,

sometimes elustered and umbellate, mostly at length cernuous ;

pedicels puberulous or villous, 3-4 lin. long ; bracts subapproximate,

270 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). | Hrica.

spreading, lax, broad-ovate, acute or acuminate, keeled, papery,

white, 23-32 lin. long; sepals like the bracts, but nearly erect,

imbricating for about + their length more or less, much wrinkled in

the lower part (in the dried state), 4-5 lin. long, mostly reaching

1—] lin. lower than the corolla or sometimes equalling it; corolla

varying between campanulate, broad-cyathiform and subobconie,

always widening to the mouth, glabrous, 43-5 lin. long, apparently

varying from pale rose to nearly white; segments erect or very

slightly spreading at maturity, shortly afterwards becoming connivent

and giving the corolla a somewhat ovoid shape, semiovate, about

1 the tube in length; filaments tapering upwards from a broader

base, sigmoid, 1-14 lin, long; anthers dorsifixed well above the

base, broad-linear, much ‘tapering to the acuminate point, and

produced sometimes much beyond the pore, scabrid, about 1} lin.

‘long, or sometimes a little more, aristate ; pore about } the length

of the cell; awns upeurved, 4—1 of the length of the cell ; style

slender; stigma simple; ovary glabrous.

Coast Recon: Caledon Div.? from the Caledon “ Wild-Flower Show,”

1893, Herb. Guthrie, 2448! and 1897, Herb. Bolus, 6383! Riversdale

Div.; Garcias Pass, 2000 ft., Bain in Herb. Bolus, 3163! Schlechter, 1917!

Galpin, 3622 !

Allied to BE. inelusa, but differs a good deal in appearance by its stouter habit,

much longer and acuminate leaves, larger flowers, differently coloured sepals, and

aristate (but otherwise very similar) anthers. Has been confused with LE.

holosericea from which, however, it is even more distinct.

407. E. holosericea (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 352) ; erect,

apparently 1-11 ft. high ; branches rather stout, puberulous, glab-

rescent; leaves 3-nate, suberect, linear-subulate, acute, mucronate,

pilose-pubescent or glabrous, the younger ciliate, 5-8 lin. long;

flowers 3-nate, or sometimes solitary, cernuous ; pedicels puberulous,

22-4 lin. long; bracts remote, ovate-lanceolate, membranous,

puberulous, about 1 lin. long; sepals ovate, acute, imbricate,

puberulous, mostly somewhat spreading at full maturity and shorter

than the eorolla, rosy red, 23-41 Jin. long; corolla campanulate-

cyathiform, sub-4-gonous, glabrous or less commonly puberulous,

rosy, 83-5 lin. long; segments slightly spreading, at length con-

nivent, ovate, 3—2 of the tube in length; filaments about 14 lin. long;

anthers oblong, obtuse, dorsifixed above the base, seabrid, about

2 lin. long, crested ; pore over } the length of the cell; crests free,

straight or spreading, oblong, toothed towards the apex, from }—-}

the length of the cell; stigma small, clavate-capitellate; ovary

on a prominent dark-coloured disk. . andromedeflora, Andr.

Heathery, t. 151, and Col. Heaths, t. 146; Lodd. Bot. Cab.

t.521; Benth, in DC. Prodr. vii. 654. EH. pomifera, Hort, ex Benth.

lc.

The following appear to be mere colour varieties, or, as Bentham supposed,

garden hybrids: —E. triumphans, Lodd, Bot, Cab. t. 257. E. andromedeflora, var.

triumphans, Bot. Mag, t. 2322, (So far as we know they have not been met with

in a wild state).

Erica. | ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 271

Var. 8, parviflora (Bolus); almost exactly as in the forms described and

figured in the plates first above cited, except that all parts of the flower are

smaller : sepals 1} lin. long; corolla 2 lin. long.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Roxburgh ! and cultivated specimens !

Coast Raion, between 1000 and 1500 ft.: Caledon Div.; Klein River

Mountains, Masson, Niven! Galpin, 3621! Schlechter! mountains near

Caledon, Bolus, 91621 Var. 8: Bredasdorp Div. ; mountains near Elim, Bolus,

6737 !

408. E. Grisbrookii (Guthrie & Bolus); 1 ft. or more high;

branches stout, ascending, pubescent, channelled by the prominent

decurrent leaf-cushions; leaves 3-nate, spreading or occasionally

recurved, linear, acute, deeply sulcate, softly ciliate, becoming naked,

6-7 lin. long ; flowers solitary, terminal, or by arrest of the branchlets

also axillary, at length subcernuous; pedicels puberulous, 4—5 lin.

long; bracts very remote, below the middle or subbasal, lanceolate,

acute, scarious, about 2 lin. long; sepals erect, incurved, closely

imbricate, cordate at the base and inserted upon the enlarged

angular apex of the pedicel, ovate to suborbicular, shortly acute and

apiculate, strongly nerved (nerves prominent on the inner surface),

rigid, cartilaginous, glabrous, 4-5 lin. long, and reaching from 3—%

the height of the corolla; corolla conical-ovoid, or perhaps in the

living state globose-ureeolate, 4-gonous below, thick in texture,

glabrous, 5-52 lin. long, white; segments oblong, obtuse, erect (in

the dried specimens), about 4 the tube in length or somewhat less;

filaments rather broad, bent below the anther; anthers cuneate or

ovate-cuneate, subacute, black, $2 lin. long, crested ; pore 1 the

length of the cell; crests orbicular, more or less deeply incised,

black, about 2 the length of the cells; style 4-gonous, included ;

stigma subsimple ; ovary on a broad disk.

Coast Reeron: Caledon Div.; mountains near Zoetemelks Vlei, Grisbrook

in Herb. Guthrie, 2744!

We have also seen specimens exhibited at the Caledon and other Wild-Flower

Shows, without locality.

This resembles E. Bodkinii and E. holosericea ; but differs in floral characters

from both, and especially in the anthers and their appendages. In the coarse,

strong habit of its growth it seems to be like E. gigantea. But our specimens of

this are but small branches.

Section XXXV. ADELOPETALUM. (Sp. 409.)

409. E. Nabea (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect, 3-5 ft. high ; branches

virgate, the younger villous, glabrescent, the older with many short

lateral, floriferous branchlets; leaves 3-nate, erect-spreading, linear-

subulate, acuminate, sulcate, ciliolate, 5-7 lin. long; inflorescence

terminal, flowers 1-2 on the short branchlets, mostly in long dense

leafy pseudo-racemes, or more rarely somewhat lax and interrupted

on longer branchlets, suberect to spreading, subsessile, calycine ;

bracts closely approximate, ovate to lanceolate, like the sepals

glumaceous, 3-4 lin. long; sepals in opposite pairs, the outer pair

272 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Prica.

lanceolate, acute or acuminate, the inner pair more oblong and more

obtuse, concave, 7-8 lin. long, much exceeding the corolla; corolla

subovate, 4-fid (or at length, being ruptured by the swelling ovary,

4-partite), 11-14 lin. long; segments erect, ovate, obtuse, about as

long as the tube; stamens 5-6 lin. long, shorter than the sepals,

much exceeding the corolla; anthers terminal, longitudinally semi-

lanceolate, acute, smooth, submembranous; cells deeply partite,

about * lin. long; pore nearly as long as the cell; style subexserted,

hooked ; stigma capitate; ovary glabrous; seeds broadly* margined.

Nabea montana, Lehm. Ind. Sem. Hort. Hamb. 1831, 5, name

only; Klotzsch in Linnea, viii, 667. Maenabia montana, Benth.

in DC. Prodr. vii. 612. :

Coast Region: George Div.; Montagu Pass, 3500 ft., Schlechter, 5820!

Devils Kop, near George, Mund, ex Klotzsch. Uniondale Div.; mountains

between Avontuur and Vlugt, Bolus, 2381! Uitenhage Div.; Van Stadens

Berg, Zeyher, 3308 ! ;

There seems no sufficient reason for retaining the genus Nabea, It has no

characters which are not found in a greater or lesser degree in several species

of Erica; and the only one for which it is remarkable is the great length

of the sepals compared with the corolla.. But the range of variation in the

relative size and length of these organs in the genus (as generally admitted)

is very great, and it does not seem well to uphold the separation on that

ground. The much compressed and wide-margined seeds connect the. species

with the § Platyspora, but from that it is separated both by its calycine flowers,

and the very different shape of its corolla. In some respects it approaches to

the § Eurystegia. The name E. montana, having been pre-occupied, it is

necessary to give the plant a new specific name, and it seems better to revert to

the generic name of Lehmann,

Section XXXVI. TRIGEMMA. (Sp. 410-431.)

410. E. plumigera (Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 636); 12 ft. or more

high ; stem erect, not much branched; branches subflexuous, finely

floccose with minutely plumose or barbellate hairs ; lateral branchlets

1] in. long, numerous, cernuous, floriferous ; leaves 3-nate, erect or

subspreading, imbricate, linear to oblong, subtrigonous, keeled,

ciliolate or naked, 1-13 lin. long; flowers 3-nate, numerous at the

ends of short decurved branches; pedicels cernuous, floceose, about

1 lin. long; bracts 3, approximate, elliptic, apiculate, about 1-12

lin. long; sepals elliptic, acute, keeled, subcomplicate, approximate

or imbricate, 13—2 lin. long, at full maturity a little lower than the

top of the corolla; corolla urceolate or conical-urceolate, somewhat

contracted at the throat, reddish, 11-2 lin. long; segments variable

in length, spreading-recurved, but not stellate-patent; filaments

rather broad, tapering to the apex; anthers included, lateral, sub-

cuneate, 2 lin. long, the length 21 times the greatest width, crested ;

pore about } the length of the cell; crests affixed rather high

above the base of the cell and half its length, ovate or suborbicular,

serrulate with a terminal longer subulate lobe; style subincluded,

sometimes just manifest above the corolla-tube; stigma clavate ;

Erica.] ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). 273

ovary globose, minutely hairy or scabrous; ovules pallid, lenticular

or flat, not margined. H. lamprotes, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 536 ;

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 651.

Coast RerGion : Cape Div. ; amongst bushes on the eastern side of the Devils

Peak, between 1000 and 2000 ft., Ecklon & Zeyher, ex Bartling. Oualedon Div. ;

mountains above Palmiet River, Zeyher, 3274! Guthrie, 4167! Caledon Wild-

eset Show, Herb. Bolus, 6835! (the only fully matured specimens we have

seen),

We have not seen Bartling’s type, but the chief of the peculiar characters

of this species are so well described by him that we can have no doubt of the

identity of the specimens cited with his type.

411. E. inclusa (Wendl. fil. ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 654) ;

6-10 in. high ; branches few, slender, ascending or erect, sometimes

subvirgate, puberulous; leaves 3-nate, crowded, suberect and

imbrieate, or spreading or squarrose, linear, blunt, glabrous, the

younger minutely ciliolate, 14-2 lin. long; flowers sub-3-nate on

short branchlets, by arrest of branchlets sometimes appearing

axillary ; pedicels puberulous, about 3 lin. long; bracts approximate,

lax, ovate, membranous, 11-2 lin. long; sepals erect or subspreading,

ovate, acute, keel-tipped, submembranous, about 23 lin, long; corolla

at full maturity campanulate, afterwards becoming somewhat ovate,

34 lin. long, and nearly as wide when flattened; segments slightly

spreading, semiorbicular, 2 the tube in length, the whole flower a

delicate pale rose, corolla darker than the sepals; filaments 3—% lin.

long, straight and spreading at a low angle, dilated at the apex ;

anthers included, dorsifixed above the base, broad-linear, tapering to

the subacute apex, slightly recurved, scabrous, dark-coloured, 1-1}

lin. long, muticous; pore 1 the length of the cell ; style straight,

slender ; stigma subsimple ; ovary globose, pallid, glabrous.

Sourn Ararica: without locality, Hesse, in Herb. Berlin,

Coast Rueton: Riversdale Div.; on the Kampsche Berg, Burchell, 7081!

7113! Mozambique Kop, 2500 ft., Galpin, 3623! Swellendam Div.; without

exact locality, Tyson /

412. E. crassifolia (Andr. Heathery, t. 257); branches flexuous ;

leaves 3-nate, erect-spreading, oblong, obtuse, short, fleshy, glaucous,

2-21 lin. long ; flowers 3-nate, on short lateral branchlets ; pedicels

about 11 lin. long; bracts remote, lanceolate, acute, coloured, spread-

ing, smaller than the sepals; sepals narrow-ovate, acute, incurved,

with wide interspaces, rosy, about 11 lin. long; corolla broad-

urceolate or globose-urceolate, somewhat contracted at the throat,

but wide-mouthed, rosy, about 3 lin. long; segments spreading or

recurved, rounded, about 3 the length of the tube ; filaments curved,

rather broad, at least twice the length of the anther; anther in-

cluded, oblong, obtuse, muticous ; pore + the length of the eell; style

included, short; stigma capitellate; ovary (apparently) glabrous.

Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 227; Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 685.

Sourn Arrica: Locality and collector unknown,

VOL, 1V.—SECT, I,

274 gricacem (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

The species is only known to us from Andrews’ figure cited above, and his short

description, from both of which we have drawn the preceding. Bentham thought

it ‘* perhaps some hybrid *” but he wrongly identified with it specimens in Herb.

Kew., which are really E. Corydalis, Salisb., a quite different species,

413. E. tegulefolia (Salisb. in Trans. Linn, Soc. vi. 351); stout,

erect, 12-21 ft. high; branches nearly straight, pubescent ; leaves

8-nate, erect and closely imbricate, or spreading, mostly incurved,

linear or oblong, to broad-elliptic, obtuse, ciliolate, sulcate, keeled,

mostly glabrous (or “pubescent,” Salisbury), 13-3 lin. long, the

floral a little larger, coloured, sepaloid; flowers 3-nate (in our wild

specimens, but described by Andrews from cultivated plants as

“ ymbellate 3—6-nate ”), sometimes abundant and clustered ; pedicels

pubescent, red, 13—2 lin. long; bracts approximate, ovate, acute,

strongly keeled, incurved and deeply concave at the apex, scarious,

rigid, coloured, 2-24 lin. long; sepals like the bracts but larger,

much wrinkled, 2 lin. long, reaching to 2—% of the height of the

corolla; corolla urceolate or globose-urceolate, slightly contracted at

the throat, 4-gonous at the base, glabrous, rosy-red, about 21 lin.

long ; segments slightly spreading, at length connivent, ovate, $-}

the length of the tube ; filaments tapering upwards from a broader

base, bent below the anther; anthers included, dorsifixed above the

base, subcuneate, acute, about $ lin. long, crested ; pore 8—2 the

length of the cell; crests broad-ovate or suborbicular, spreading,

free, margin toothed, as long as or longer than the eells; style

included, thickened towards the apex, 4-gonous; stigma simple ;

ovary glabrous. EH. squamosa, Andr.? Heathery, t. 91, and Col.

Heaths, t. 207; Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 655.

Coast Raion: without locality, Masson, in Herb. Brit. Mus. Paarl Div. ;

French Hoek, Bolus, 6891! Caledon Div.; Hottentots Holland Mountains, near

Lowrys Pass, Guthrie, 3549! 8764 !

We have not been able to find Salisbury’s type in his Herbarium, but have

ween Masson’s specimens, in the British Museum, which are probably the same

which Salisbury quotes. These agree substantially with Andrews’ figure of

E. squamosa, cited by Bentham. Both, however, appear immature and poorly

grown. But in floral characters they agree so nearly with the finer specimens

quoted under Guthrie, 3549 and 3764, and Bolus, 6891, that we assume them to

be the same species, and have chiefly described from these latter.

414, E. gigantea (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii, 656) ;

4-7 ft. high; branches stout, rigid, erect, cano-puberulous, all except

the lowest parts densely leafy; leaves 4-nate, erect-spreading,

crowded, imbricate, oblong, obtuse, thick, rigid, sulcate, glabrous,

gland-ciliolate, 2-4 lin. long; flowers 4-nate, on short branchlets ;

pedicels 8 lin. long; bracts approximate, scarious, acute, the two

upper longer than, and exceeding in height the sepals; sepals erect-

incurved, broad-ovate and obtuse to broad-lanceolate and acute,

subscarious, 2-23 lin. long, somewhat shorter than the corolla ;

corolla urceolate, throat slightly constricted, of thick texture, white,

about 21 lin, long; segments slightly spreading, broad, rounded,

sprain aia

Erica. | ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 275

yellow, a little less than 3 the length of the tube; filaments tapering

from a broad base, flexuous ; anthers included, dorsifixed almost at

the base, cuneate, brown, about } lin. long, narrow-crested ; pore

% the length of the cell; crests subulate, acute, serrulate, about

1 the length of the cell; style included; stigma subsimple ; ovary

glabrous.

Coast Reaion: Riversdale Div.; alpine dry stony places near Platte Kloof,

Masson, 123! Kannaland, Ecklon § Zeyher, ex Bentham ; summit of Muiskraal

Ridge, near Garcias Pass, 1500 ft., Galpin, 3626!

415. E. baccans (Linn. Mant. Alt. 233) ; erect, entirely glabrous,

2-5 ft. high; branches numerous, ascending, subflexuous; leaves

4-nate, erect-incurved, imbricate, narrow-linear, subobtuse, sulcate,

entire or obscurely serrulate, 23-3} lin. long; flowers terminal,

4-nate; pedicels 3 lin. long; bracts remote, lanceolate, keeled,

scarious, coloured, 2-3 lin. long; sepals like the bracts but broad-

lanceolate to obovate-oblong, acute, imbricate, keel-tipped, very

concave, about 22 lin. long, mostly reaching to the length of the

corolla-tube ; corolla globose-ureeolate, distinctly constricted at the

throat, bluntly 4-gonous below with deep intermediate depressions

between the angles, about 21 lin. long; segments short, broad,

spreading, about 1 the length of the tube; filaments rather broad,

bent below the anther; anthers included, lateral, broad-oblong, very

obtusely rounded; cells completely divided to below the base, each

on a branch of the decurrent connective, and at length becoming

subdistant, pale brown, about } lin. long, crested ; pore large and

wide, 2 the length of the cell; crests obliquely lanceolate-acuminate,

serrulate, pallid, somewhat longer than the cell; style included,

very short and stout; stigma capitellate or subsimple; ovary

glabrous, Bauer, Exot. Pl.t. 22; Wendl. Erie. Ie. fase. 6, 18;

Andr. Heathery, t.53, and Col. Heaths, t. 4; Bot. Mag. t. 358 ;

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 656. E. bacexformis, Salish. in Trans.

Linn. Soc. vi. 352. E. moniliformis, Salish. Prodr. 293, ace. to

Index Kew.

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div.; near Wupperthal, Wurmb, ex Drége;

Cape Div. ; frequent on the mountains and occasionally on the Flats, Thunberg,

Burchell, 43! 376! 8425! Ecklon, 281; Zeyher, 1110! Drége, 77461 Me-

Gillivray, 444! Bolus, 2969! Guthrie, 1461 MacOwan, Herb. Norm, Austr.-Afr.,

24! Worcester Div.; Cooper, 1595! Also cultivated specimens !

A well-marked species, allied to E. tegulefolia, differing in corolla and anthers.

Salisbury says the leaves are sometimes 3-nate; we have not seen such, It is

also allied to Z. irregularis.

416. E. irregularis (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 680); erect, a

foot or more high; branches subvirgate, the younger, with the

pedicels, shortly and softly pubescent, otherwise glabrous ; leaves

3-4-nate on the same branch, erect-incurved, linear, semiterete,

tapering upwards, somewhat obtuse, sulcate, 21-3 lin. long; flowers

abundant, in a somewhat long irregular pseudo-raceme, on very short

ae |

276 ERICACEm (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

suppressed branchlets, solitary in each axil, with one or two minute

bract-like leaves, at the base of the pedicel, or occasionally also

terminal ; pedicels slender, downy, 2-2} lin. long; bracts remote,

minute, scarious, erect, the upper pair about * lin. long, the lowest

smaller; sepals subspreading, not imbricate at the base, lanceolate-

oblong, acute, secarious, brown-keeled, ciliolate, about 12 lin. long,

reaching §—% the height of the corolla; corolla ovoid, not (or very

slightly) constricted at the throat, with a rather wide mouth, rosy,

about 2 lin. long; limb erect; segments broadly rounded, about

+ the length of the tube; anthers lateral, oblong-cuneate, contracted

at the base; cells } lin. long; pore narrow, 2 the length of the cell ;

crests lanceolate-acuminate, denticulate on the outer margin, as

long as the cell; style included; stigma capitellate; ovary

glabrous.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Mund! in Herb, Kew.

In the structure of the flowers this comes very near to FE. baccans; but

the different inflorescence, the minute bracts, shorter sepals, &c., serve to

distinguish it.

417. E. affinis (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 656); branches strag-

gling, diffuse, flexuous, woody, but somewhat slender for their size,

white-pubescent, 6-8 in. long; leaves 4-nate, spreading, slender,

linear, subobtuse, sulcate, nearly flat, glabrous, 21-31 lin. long ;

flowers mostly 4-nate, occasionally 3-nate, sometimes by arrest of the

branchlets axillary ; pedicels suberect, pubescent, 4-5 lin. long ;

bracts remote, lanceolate, acuminate, scarious, 11—2 lin. long ; sepals

erect, not imbrieate at the base, obovate or oblanceolate, shortly

acute, keeled, scarious, 2-2 lin. long, about equalling the tube of

the corolla; corolla broad-urceolate or subglobose-urceolate, throat

slightly constricted, several-nerved, glabrous, dry, red, about 22 lin.

long; segments slightly spreading, broad, rounded, about 2 the

length of the tube; filaments broad below, tapering upwards, about

1 lin. long; anthers included, lateral, longitudinally semilanceolate

to semiovate, subacuminate ; cells deeply parted, about 2 lin. long,

crested ; pore 2 the length of the cell; crests broad-ovate or sub-

orbicular, minutely serrulate, about 2 the length of the cell, brown;

style at length exserted, angular, swollen a little at the apex ; stigma

a short filiform point, much narrower than the truncated end of the

style; ovary glabrous. LH. Zeyheri, Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 635, not

of Spreng. fil.

Coast Reeton : Uitenhage Div.; stony bed of the Zwartkops River, Zeyher,

1072! 3279!

418. E. propinqua (Guthrie & Bolus); erect, 3-4 ft. high;

branches white-pubescent, glabrescent, angled and the older searred

by prominent leaf-cushions; leaves 4-nate, either erect, adpressed

and about as long as the internodes, or somewhat spreading, oblong,

or narrow-lanceolate, acute, glabrous, 2-3 lin, long; flowers 3-4-

Erica.] eRIcace® (Guthrie & Bolus). 277

nate or umbellate ; pedicels white-tomentose, from 2-10 lin. long,

apparently elongating during and after flowering; bracts mostly

remote, rarely subapproximate, lanceolate, acuminate, strongly keeled,

scarious, very concave, incurved, 1-2 lin. long; sepals like the bracts

but broader, 2-25 lin. long; corolla subureeolate, only slightly

contracted at the throat, glabrous, rosy-red, 2-21 lin, long ; segments

spreading, oblong, obtuse, with usually more or less wide sinuses

which are sometimes obtuse or semicircular at the base, from 1—% the

length of the tube; anthers subincluded, or reaching above the

corolla-tube, dorsifixed at or near the base; cells deeply partite,

oblong, obtuse, scaberulous, blackish, from 4 to nearly 2 lin. long,

aristate ; pore } the length of the cell; awns decurrent for over }

their length, then free and spreading, subulate, acute, about } as

long as the cells ; style exserted ; stigma subclavate, small ; ovary

glabrous,

Coast Reeion: Bredasdorp Div.; in rocky places near the mouth of Ratel

River, Bolus, 6728! 8514! Schlechter, 9721! hills near the Koude River, near

Elim, 700 ft., Schlechter, 9598 !

419. E. leucodesmia (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 681); apparently

a small straggling shrub, with hoary tomentulose branches ; leaves

3-nate, erect, incurved, often fasciculate, linear, obtuse, rather thick,

suleate, uniformly covered with a fine short hoary or grey tomentum,

becoming at length glabrous, 21—8 lin. long ; flowers 3-nate on short

lateral branchlets, at length cernuous; pedicels white-pubescent, —

‘2-3 lin. long; bracts remote, small; sepals lanceolate, acuminate,

keeled, rigid, tomentulose, about 14 lin. long; corolla suburceolate,

only slightly contracted at the throat, glabrous (“ white,” Marloth)

about 13 lin. long ; segments rounded, very short, slightly spreading,

from 3-1 the length of the tube; filaments slender, nearly twice as

long as the anthers; anthers included, lateral, cuneate-oblong, some-

what rough, under } lin. long, erested at the base; pore more than

2 the length of the cell ; crests ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, distantly

dentate, thin, hyaline, 2 the length of the cells; style included,

short, dilated at the base ; stigma capitate ; ovary densely woolly.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Niven! in Herb. Kew. é

Coast Region: Worcester Div.; rocky places on the Matroos Berg, 5200 ft.,

Marloth, 2214!

420. E. triflora (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 354); erect, 3-10 ft. high ;

stem sometimes 2-3 in. in diam, at the base; branches ascending,

pallid, the upper parts tomentose with dense long and short barbel-

late hairs; leaves 3-nate, crowded, spreading, ineurved, subulate-

linear, acute or acuminate, somewhat trigonous, sulcate, glabrous,

3-5 lin. long ; flowers 3-nate; pedicels pubescent, 13-2} lin. long ;

bracts approximate, or the lowest subremote, lanceolate, carious,

keeled, 2-21 lin. long; sepals like the bracts but ovate, incurved,

3-3 lin. long, about as long as the corolla; corolla campanulate-

278 HRICACEM (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

urceolate, slightly contracted at the throat, glabrous, white, about

2} lin. long; segments spreading, 1-2 the length of the tube ;

filaments tapering upwards, bent above; anthers variable, included,

dorsifixed at or near the base; cells deeply partite and sometimes

spreading or incurved, oblong, tapering to the base, or longitudinally

semiovate, obtuse or subacute, scaberulous, about + lin. long, crested ;

pore % the length of the cell ; crests from linear to broadly ovate,

denticulate, or more or less incised, equalling or little shorter than

the cells, brown; style short, included ; stigma capitellate ; ovary

glabrous. Thunb. Diss. Erica, 47, t.5; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 12,

13; Andr. Heathery, t. 245, and Col. Heaths, t. 284; Lodd. Bot.

Cab. t, 1733; Benth. in DO, Prodr. vii. 656. FE. triflora, var.

aristata, Wendl. Beobacht. 47, and Hric. Ic. fase. 22, 153, t. 58. #.

Jugax and E. pyroleflora, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 351.

LE. marifolia, var. longifolia, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 26, 4, not of

Soland.

Var. 8, rosea (Benth, in DO. Prodr. vii. 656); leaves 3—4-nate; pedicels

longer, up to 4 lin.; flowers rosy. E. arbutiflora, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 26,

10,

Sourn Arica: without locality, Drége! Herb. Salisbury! avd cultivated

specimens ! ’ ‘

Coast RreGion: Cape Div.; Table Mountain and Devils Mountain, up to

2500 ft., Thunberg, Bolus, 3704! 3782! and in Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 190!

Guthrie, 818! kloof beyond Kirstenbosch, Wolley Dod, 1684! 1685! Caledon

Div. ; Grabouw near Palmiet River, Grisbrook !

In admitting the var. 8 in this place, we have followed Bentham, with some

doubt; it is only known to us from Wendland’s figure and description. The

very good figure seems to unite some of the characters of this species and of E.

afinis and E. baccans, differing from all, though scarcely sufficiently so for

specific distinction,

E. stenoma, Tausch (Flora, 1839, 633) appears to be this species or near to it,

but the type is too small for satisfactory examination.

421. E. depressa (Linn. Mant. Alt. 230, not of Andr.) ; a rigid

depressed glabrous shrub, generally less than a foot long; branehes

stout, brittle, divaricate, usually flexuous; leaves ‘mostly 3-nate,

occasionally also 4-nate on the same plant, crowded, spreading,

straight or curved, oblong or lanceolate, keeled and faintly sulcate,

coriaceous, rigid, pallid, smooth, 3—4 lin. long; flowers 3-nate,

generally fewer, when fully expanded subcorolline in aspect; pedicels

about 1 lin. long; sepals oblong or lanceolate, acuminate, keeled,

scarious, pallid, 2-2} lin. long, mostly as long as the tube of the

corolla; corolla cyathiform or subecampanulate, mouth scarcely or

only very slightly widened, white, 2-21 lin. long ; limb subspreading

or erect, ;~3 the length of the tube ; filaments rather broad ; anthers

included, lateral, cuneate-oblong, } lin. long, narrow-eristate ; pore

about + the length of the cell; crests subulate-acuminate, with a few

teeth at the outer margin near the base, or subaristate ; awns about

z the length of the cell; style shortly exserted ; stigma capitate ;

ovary glabrous ; capsule subglobose. Thunb. Diss. Erica, 33, t. 6;

Erica.] ERICACEEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 279

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 680. E. humilis, Salish. in Trans. Linn.

Soe. vi. 329, not of Benth. EH. rupestris, Andr. Heathery, t. 145,

and Col. Heaths, t. 128; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 855. EH. semisulcata,

Drége ex Benth. l.c.

Coast Rucion : Cape Div.; in clefts of rocks on summit of Table Mountain

and Devils Peak, Drége, Harvey! Alexander, 15! Bolus, 4484! Guthrie,

1165! Wolley Dod, 855! Muizenberg Mountain, Bolus, 4472! Also Herb,

Salisbury ! and cultivated specimens /

Andrews’ l.c. t. 145, drawn from a cultivated plant, does not give a good

idea of the wild plant, especially as to the corolla; whereas Thunberg’s t. 6,

evidently drawn from a dried wild specimen, though small, is excellent.

422. E. petiolaris (Lam. Encycl.i. 487); 1-14 ft. high ; branches

many, erect or divarieately-spreading, rigid, white-pubeseent ; leaves

3-nate, from suberect to spreading or squarrose, linear, lanceolate or

elliptic, acute, sulcate or more usually open-backed, with rounded

or revolute margins, thick, rigid, white-tomentose beneath, glabrous

and glossy above, from 5-8 lin, long, 3-14 lin. wide; petiole long,

pallid, adpressed, from 3 the length of the blade, to (in the smaller

leaves) nearly as long; flowers 3-nate, often clustered in dense

heads, subcalycine; pedicels 12 lin. long; bracts approximate,

lanceolate, acute, cartilaginous, rigid, glabrous, white or pallid; sepals

like the bracts, but ovate, acute or acuminate, wrinkled or striate,

reaching a little lower than the top of the corolla, 1}—2 lin. long;

corolla cyathiform-urceolate, glabrous, white, 2-23 lin. long;

segments deltoid and subobtuse, or broadly-rounded, recurved, 4-1

the length of the tube; filaments rather broad, often dilated, some-

what darkened and angled or bluntly toothed near the apex ; anthers

subexserted, terminal or subterminal, longitudinally semioval, sub-

acute or obtuse, smooth, about % lin. long, muticous; pore 2 the

length of the cell, style exserted; stigma capitate, toothed ; ovary

minutely hairy on the top. Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 334. E.

petiolata, Thunb. Diss. Erica, 15, t. 6; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc.

27,15; Andr. Heathery, t. 136, and Col. Heaths, t. 198; Lodd.

Bot. Cab. t. 1150; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 615.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Mund! Drége! Herb. Salisbury! and

cultivated specimens ! i

‘Coast Reaion: Cape Div.; clefts of rocks on Table Mountain, 3500 ft.,

Thunberg, Bolus, 4483! Harvey! Wolley Dod, 3482! Devils Peak, Niven, 214!

Constantia Berg, Bodkin ! Wolley Dod, 1936!

423. E. selaginifolia (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 338) ;

erect, 11 ft. or more high; branches incurved-erect, tomentose-

puberulous; leaves 3-nate, nearly erect, imbricate, linear-trigonous,

blunt, glabrous, minutely gland-ciliolate, 2-4 lin. long; flowers

3-nate ; pedicels puberulous, 23-3 lin. long > bracts remote, ovate-

lanceolate, acuminate, keel-tipped, cartilaginous, subviscidulous,

coloured, about 1 lin. long; sepals like the bracts, but ovate, less

acuminate, not imbricate in the fully matured flower, with a peculiar

280 EkIcACEX (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Brica.

depression in the centre at the base, nearly 1} lin. long, reaching as

high as 3-2 of the corolla-tube; corolla globose-urceolate, narrowed

not much constricted at the throat, 4-conous towards the base, sub-

viscidulous, rosy red, 13-2 lin. long ; limb slightly spreading, broad

_ and rounded, about 3 the length of the tube; filaments from a

broader base tapering upwards, not much longer than the ovary ;

anthers included, or scarcely exceeding the corolla-tube, dorsifixed

near the base ; cells deeply parted, suboblong, obtuse or subacute,

brown, under? lin. long, crested ; erests ovate-lanceolate, denticulate,

pale brown, longer than the cells ; style subincluded ; stigma sub-

simple, small ; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 657.

Sour Arrica: without locality, Masson!

Coast REGIoN: Clanwilliam Div. ; on the Cederberg Range, 2600 ft., Marloth,

2683! Worcester Div.; on the Matroos Berg, Marloth in Herb. Bolus, 6375!

Riversdale Div. ; Muiskraal, near Garcias Pass, 1500 ft., Galpin, 3627! Union-

dale Div.; Long Kloof, Paterson in Herb. Salisbury ! :

424. E. gracilipes (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect, 3 ft. or more high ;

glabrous, except the puberulous pedicels ; branches stout, ascending,

mostly marked with the scars of prominent leaf-eushions ; leaves

3-nate, erect-incurved, imbrieate, not very crowded, linear, obtuse

or subacute, round-backed, faintly suleate, 3-4 lin. long; flowers

1-8 pseudo-axillary, on short arrested branchlets, somewhat copious,

calycine; pedicels spreading, slender, eurved, puberulous, red,

4-6 lin. long; bracts remote, 2 submedian, 1 nearly basal, lanceolate,

scarious, under 1 lin. long ; sepals adpressed, imbricate for about

¢ their length, ovate, acute, shortly keel-tipped, cartilaginous,

coloured, rosy, wrinkled when dried, reaching to the top of the

corolla-tube ; corolla urceolate, slightly constricted at the throat,

4-gonous, rosy, 1} lin. long; segments spreading, about 1 the length

of the tube; anthers exserted, subterminal, longitudinally semi-

lanceolate, the dorsal margin curved, acute, dark-coloured; cell

produced beyond the pore, 2 lin. long, very shortly aristulate at the

base ; pore nearly + the length of the cell; awns free, about 1 of

the cell in length ; style slender, well-exserted, dilated near the apex ;

stigma subsimple; ovary glabrous,

Coast ReGion: Bredasdorp Diy.; hills near Rict Fontein Poort, 200 ft.,

Schlechter, 9687! Bolus, 8511!

The anthers are caducous, or most of them in our specimens have dropped

from age ; in this state the flowers resemble those of E. selaginifolia or E. affinis.

But the species is remarkable, and even anomalous here, by its exserted anthers

and pseudo-axillary inflorescence. Yet its calycine flowers, with their large

imbricate sepals, indicate a nearer approach to this section than to § Gypso-

callis.

425. E. acuta (Andr. Heathery, t. 1); erect, probably 1-12 ft.

high; branches numerous, ascending, pubescent; leaves 3-nate,

crowded, subrecurved-spreading, linear-subulate, acute, mucronate or

setaceous-acuminate, keeled, sulcate, glabrous, 2-3 lin. long; flowers

Erica] EkICACE& (Guthrie & Bolus). 281

3-nate ; pedicels thickened upwards, viscous-pubescent, 3 lin. long ;

bracts varying from subapproximate to subremote, lanceolate-

acuminate, 1-1} lin. long; sepals ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acumi-

nate, with a strong wrinkled incurved keel throughout its entire

length, produced into a rather long spreading setiform point, scarious,

subviseid, margin entire or sublacerate, coloured, nearly 2 lin. long,

about as long as (or a little exceeding) the corolla-tube; corolla

urceolate, throat contracted (in age becoming, by the swelling of the

ovary, widened, and the tube more conical, as in § Eurystoma),

reddish, about 2 lin. long ; segments suberect in dried specimens,

probably spreading in life, semiovate, obtuse, 3-% the length of

the tube; filaments slender, tapering upwards; anthers included,

subterminal, dorsifixed at or near the base; cells bipartite but not

much spreading, subcuneate-oblong with an oblique ascending base, —

subacute, a little over 1 lin. long, crested ; pore about 2 the length of

the cell; base of the crests affixed considerably above the base of

the cells, broad-lanceolate, acute, pendulous, toothed at the apex,

a little over 3 the cell in length; style included ; stigma capiteliate,

small ; ovary glabrous. Andr. Ool. Heaths, t. 73; Benth. in DC.

Prodr, vii. 685. EE. scariosa, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 477% not of Berg.

nor of Thunb. “ E. crossota, Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 201” ex

Benth.

Sout ArFrica: without locality, Niven ! and cultivated specimens! ’

Coast Reeion: Tulbagh or Worcester Div.? without. precise locality,

Bolus, 5184! Paarl Div. ; French Hoek Mountains, 4000 ft., Schlechter, 9272!

Allowing for differences of age the specimens cited all agree fairly well with

Niven’s and with Andrews’ figure. Niven’s, however, are too old, and led

Bentham to place the species doubtfully in § Eurystoma. It varies chiefly

Ms the length and acumination of the leaves and the length of the corolla-

imb.

426. E. brevifolia (Soland. ex Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi.

338); erect, 1-11 ft. high; branches glabrous or occasionally

puberulous; leaves 3-nate, mostly erect or subspreading, longer or

sometimes shorter than the internodes, mostly ovate-oblong or oblong,

blunt, sulcate, thick, glabrous, usually 1-1} lin. long, rarely in

‘“drawn-up” specimens linear, subspreading-recurved, 2 lin. long ;

flowers usually 8-nate, sometimes clustered on short approximate

branchlets, sometimes 2-nate or solitary ; pedicels puberulous, 13-2

lin. long ; bracts remote, small, about 1 lin. long; sepals ovate or

obovate, acute, not keeled, but shortly keel-tipped, and like the

bracts mostly cartilaginous, thick, viscid, shining, about 14 lin. long,

a little shorter than, to as long as the corolla; corolla sub-

cyathiform-campanulate or urceolate-campanulate, throat searcely

contracted, viscidulous, pale pink to rosy red, 13-2 lin. long ;

segments slightly spreading, semiovate, about } the tube in length ;

filaments slender ; anthers included, subterminal, ovate-oblong, very

obtuse ; cells bipartite, stalked upon the decurrent connective (as in

E. baecans and E. Lycopodiastrum), a little over 1} lin. long,

282 ERicacrz (Guthrie & Bolus). | Hrica,

aristate; pore nearly as long as the cell; awns decurrent along the

filament for about 3 their length, then free, spreading, subulate,

about as long as the cell; style included, short; stigma. capitellate ;

ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 657. #. callosa,

Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 18, 87, ¢t. 33. EH. obtusa, Lodd. Bot. Cab.

t.1027? 2B. pachyphylla, Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 199.

Soura Arrica: without locality, Drége, 1155! and cultivated specimens!

Coast Recion: Cape Div.; frequent on the mountains of the Cape |

Peninsula, up to 2700 ft., Bolus, 3771! 3876! 4894! Guthrie, 691! Wolley

Dod, 1714! Paarl Div. ; mountains at French Hoek, Schlechter, 9298! Stellen-

bosch Div.; Lowrys Pass, Schlechter, 53899! Caledon Div.; mountains near

Genadendal, 5000 ft., Burchell, 7684/2! Galpin, 3628! near Vogel Gat,

3000 ft., Schlechter, 9564! Swellendam Div.; summit of a mountain peak,

near Swellendam, Burchell, 7343! George Div.; mountains near George,

Alexander, 23!

427. E. fimbriata (Andr. Heathery, t. 63); erect or subdecum-

bent, 6-8 in. high ; branches numerous, spreading, flexuous, rigid,

pubescent ; leaves 3-nate (or, also 4-nate, Andrews), erect-spreading,

imbricate, elliptic or oblong, subobtuse, trigonous or round-baeked,

sulcate, thick, glabrous, gland-ciliolate, about 1 lin. long; flowers

3-nate, calycine ; pedicels tomentose with subplumose or barbellate

hairs, about 1 lin. long ; bracts approximate, ovate to lanceolate,

cartilaginous, deeply and prominently pectinate-ciliate, whitish or -

tinged-lilac, about 1 lin. long; sepals like the bracts but broad-

ovate, or nearly orbicular, keel-tipped, the closely-ranked cilia on the

margin in well-grown plants barbellate and gland-tipped, concave,

a little over 1 lin. long and broad; corolla campanulate-cyathiform

(in age becoming more globose) glabrous, dry, white or rosy, mostly

1} (rarely 2) lin. long; segments slightly spreading, rounded, about

% of the tube in length; filaments slender, sometimes dilated at. the

base, thickened and bent near the anther ; anthers included, lateral,

dorsifixed at, or just above the base, oblong or subsemiovate, some-

times recurved, smooth, ciliate at the base, 4 lin. long or a little

more or less, awned ; pore $ the length of the cell ; awns spreading,

subulate, ciliolate, about } the cell in length; style included,

4-gonous; stigma simple (or sometimes capitellate, or “ subpeltate,”

Bentham); ovary depressed, densely woolly with longish white

hairs. Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 169; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1047;

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 658.

SoutH Argrica: without locality, Masson, Mund § Maire, ex Bentham, and

cultivated specimens ! ‘

Coast Reaction: George Div.; Devils Kop, Niven, 115! Montagu Pass,

3500 ft., Schlechter, 5833! Oudtshoorn Div.; Zwartberg Pass, near the Victoria

Hotel, 3900 ft., Marloth, 2408 !

Andrews’ figure is the type, but is a very poor representation of the plant as

known from Schlechter and Marloth’s excellent wild specimens. Loddiges’ figure

is much better. With these plates Bentham identified Niven’s specimens, which we

have examined, and also one from the Berlin Herbarium, probably Mund’s; these

are both past maturity, The species is very distinct, yet somewhat anomalous

Erica. | HRICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 283

wherever placed. To its neighbours in this section it has a general resemblance,

its peculiar sepals and woolly ovary being the chief exceptional characters,

From the § Pseuderemia it differs somewhat in appearance, also by the in-

florescence not being capitate, and its calycine, not corolline, flowers. It is also

connected with the § Ewrystoma.

428. E. Lycopodiastrum (Lam. Ill. ii. 428, t. 287, fig. 4);

“a dwarf plant” (Bentham); branches erect, rigidly flexuous,

tomentose-puberulous, 10-15 in. long; leaves 3-nate, nearly erect,

closely and very regularly imbricate, oblong, subacute, concave above,

round-backed, sulcate, thick, glabrous, shining, 11—2 lin. long; flowers

3-nate, terminal on short lateral branchlets, or sometimes (by their

partial arrest) sublateral; pedicels tomentose, decurved, 14-2 lin.

long ; bracts mostly approximate, more rarely submedian, ovate,

acute, keeled, rigid, scarious, 1-11 lin. long; sepals like the bracts,

but slightly larger, 14 lin. long, 3-3 the length of the corolla; —

corolla obconic-cyathiform, slightly widened to the mouth, glabrous,

1} lin, long (flesh-coloured, Wendland) ; segments slightly spreading,

rounded, 3-2 of the tube in length; filaments slender; anthers

included, subterminal; cells bipartite, distant, stalked upon the

slender connective, narrow-obovate, subobtuse, pale brown, mem-

branous, about 2 lin. long, broad-aristate ; pore 1-3 the length of

the cell ; awns affixed to the connective and free from the filament,

pendulous, subulate, acuminate, toothed, a little over 4 the cell in

length ; style included, short ; stigma capitellate; ovary glabrous or

with a few hairs at the summit; ovules ovoid (Bentham found them

compressed, which our observations do not confirm). J. fabrilis,

Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 338; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

655. EH. conferttfolia, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 20, 121, t. 46. LE.

montana, Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 15. £. confertiflora, Steud.

Nom. ed. 2, i. 570.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Masson, Drége, Herb. Salisbury! Herb.

Lamarck (641)! and cultivated specimens ! : é

Coast Region: Paarl Div.; French Hoek, by the river, Niven, 55!

Connects §§ Trigemma and Eurystoma, yet has hardly the longer corolla-limb

of the latter. In appearance it has some resemblance to the two succeeding

species, but is distinct by its peculiarly thin membranous subterminal anthers, and

their narrow appendages. Wendland describes the leaves (from a cultivated

plant) as 4-nate, which we have not seen. ‘The plant appears to be now

rare.

429. E. pumila (Andr. Heathery, t. 234); dwarf, probably only

a few inches high ; branches numerous, short ; leaves 3-nate, erect or

spreading, or the older squarrese, obovate, obtuse, thick, suleate, sub-

glaucous, pallid, glabrous (or in cultivated specimens linear and

green, Andrews), 2-2} lin. long; flowers 8-nate; pedicels short ;

bracts short, approximate, cartilaginous, white, glabrous ; sepals

ovate, obtuse, keel-tipped, cartilaginous, viscidulous, white (or in

cultivated specimens acute, rosy), about 2 the length of the corolla ;

corolla ovoid-inflated or subcylindric, glabrous, subviscid, tube rosy,

284 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

the whole 3-33 lin. long; segments erect or slightly spreading,

about } the length of the tube, green; anthers included, longi-

tudinally semiovate, acute, crested; erests semiorbicular, denticulate

on the outer margin, about 2 of the length of the cell, brown; style

included ; stigma subsimple or capitellate ; ovary glabrous. Andr.

Col. Heaths, t. 258; Benth. in D@ Prodr. vii. 655. E. coni-

flora, Klotasch in Herb. Berol. ex Benth. lc.

South Arrica: without locality, Masson, 96! in Herb. Kew ; also, collector

and locality unknown, in Herb. Berlin !

Our material is very scanty; Masson’s specimens have no flowers; we have

only seen one flower and a few loose leaves in the Berlin Herbarium ; and our

description is therefore drawn from these, from Benthum’s brief description and

Andrews’ figure. Bentham remarks that it seems to be allied to E . modesta and

to § Pachysa.

430. E. Thodei (Guthrie & Bolus); dwarf (the single specimen

7 in. high); stout, erect; branches numerous, nearly straight,

rigid, pubescent, glabrescent, leafy above, covered with scars of

prominent leaf-cushions below ; leaves 3-nate, crowded, subspreading

but closely imbrieate, oblong or narrow-elliptic, subobtuse, thick,

keeled, not sulcate or the keel only faintly channelled, carti-

- laginous-ciliolate, the flat scales on the younger leaves minutely

branched or lacerate, glabrous, shining, petiole more than 1 the

length of the blade, the whole 14~2 lin, long; flowers strictly

terminal and 3-nate, but in young and undeveloped or arrested

branchlets sometimes appearing almost axillary, long-persistent ;

pedicels puberulous, lengthening during or after flowering, attaining

1} lin. long ; bracts remote or subapproximate, erect, linear, scarious,

1 lin. or less long; sepals erect, adpressed, narrow-lanceolate, acute,

concave, searious, keeled, not imbricate at the base, glabrous, cilio-

late as the leaves, 11-12 lin. long, about ¢ the corolla; corolla

tubular-cyathiform, equal to the mouth, glabrous, dry, ‘ white,”

2 lin. long; segments broader than long, rounded, 1-1 the length

of the tube ; filaments capillary, over 1 lin. long ; anthers included,

lateral, longitudinally semiovate, smooth, membranous, pale brown,

about 3 lin. long, crested-aristate ; pore under x the length of the

cell; awns broadly subulate, acute, long-ciliate, nearly 2 the length

of the cells ; style included ; stigma subsimple ; ovary glabrous.

KALAHARI ReGion: Orange River Colony; rocky places on the summit of

the Mont-aux-Sources, near the sources of the Tugela River, 9000-10000 ft.,

Thode, 64! in Herb. Bolus and Kew, but may be distributed under other numbers

in other herbaria.

In floral structure this is near the next species, but the sepals are relatively

shorter, the indumentum on the leaves different, the ovary glabrous, and the

habit much more erect and rigid. The specimen bears persistent old flowers ;

but we cannot be sure that they are those of the preceding year.

431. EF. lasiocarpa (Guthrie & Bolus) ; branches flexuous, puberu-

Erica. | ERICACE® (Guthrie & Bolus), 285

lous, pallid, 8-10 in. long; leaves 4-nate, subspreading, linear,

acute, widely sulcate, puberulous and thinly hispid with short stiffish

hairs, glabrescent, 11-2 lin. long; flowers 4-nate on short. lateral

branchlets, subcorolline; pedicels 1 lin. long; bracts subremote,

linear, erect, subglumaceous, about 1 lin. long; sepals somewhat

spreading, not imbricate unless slightly at the very base, and not

concealing the corolla-tube, lanceolate-linear, tapering to a narrow

keeled point, subglumaceous, ciliate, glabrous, 13-18 lin. long,

usually reaching as high as the top of the corolla-tube or higher ;

corolla narrow-cyathiform or subureeolate, the throat not (or scarcely)

spreading, tetragonous, veined, glabrous, dry, 1 lin. long; segments

ereet (in the dried specimens), or subspreading, semiovate, over-

lapping at the base, about 3 the length of the tube; filaments

capillary ; anthers included, lateral, euneate-oblong, obtusely rounded,

smooth, membranous, brown, scaberulous on the margins, 2 lin, long,

aristate; pore 2 the length of the cell; awns subulate, _ hairy,

recurved at an angle of 45°-60° from the cells, about 3 the length of

the cells; style included or sometimes just equal to the corolla

and manifest; stigma capitellate; ovary densely and shortly

villous.

Eastern Recon: Natal ; rocky places near Van Reenen, 7000 ft., Schlechter,

6941 !

This has somewhat the habit and aspect of E. caffrorum. The flowers on our

specimens are rather scanty.

Section XXXVII. POLYCODON. (Sp. 432-439.)

432. E. leucanthera (Linn. f. Suppl. 223); erect, 1-12 ft. high;

branches numerous, ascending, often dense, pubescent with short

barbellate haits; leaves mostly erect or subspreading, crowded,

imbricate, linear-trigonous or linear-lanceolate, subacute or obtuse,

sulcate-keeled, glabrous, 1-11 lin. long ; flowers calycine or sub-

calycine on numerous short branchlets, often crowded in dense

masses ; pedicels less than 1 lin. long; bracts from subapproximate

to subremote, sepal-like, small; sepals narrow-ovate, acute, keeled,

pallid, cartilaginous, margin scarious, under 1 lin. long, or about

3 the length of the corolla; corolla obconic, pale yellow, L-1j lin.

long; segments spreading to the apex, straight, semiorbicular or

broad semiovate, from about as long as to a little longer than the

tube ; stamens far-exserted and recurved or subincluded ; filaments

slender, long or short; anthers oblong, slightly wider at the base ;

cells deeply partite and spreading, or approximate, subacute or sub-

obtuse, membranous, pale yellow, about 3 lin. long, muticous ;

pore small, about 1 the length of the eell ; style included, or

Just manifest; stigma capitate; ovary minutely hairy, chiefly ©

on the summit, Benth. in DO. Prodr. vii. 689, EB. spireeflora,

286 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [Brioa.

Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 350. E. staminea, Andr. Heathery,

t. 193, and Col. Heaths, t. 208. . thalictriflora, Lodd. Bot. Cab.

t. 1294.

SourtH Arrica: without locality, Thunberg, Herb, Salisbury! and cultivated

specimens !

Coast Reaton, from 900-1200 ft. : Tulbagh Div. ; Roode Zand, Masson,

133! Winterhoek Mountain, Niven, 87! Bolus, 5188! Tulbagh Waterfall,

MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 232! Bolus, 5370! Schlechter, 9008 !

Guthrie, 2072! Worcester Div., Ecklon & Zeyher! Paarl Div.; French Hoek

Mountains, Bolus, Herb. Norm, Austr.-Afr., 608 !

CenTRAL Reaion: Ceres Div. ; Cold Bokkeveld, near Elandsfontein, 4000 ft.,

Schlechter, 10027!

There appear to be two forms of this species :—the one with slightly smaller

flowers, shorter corolla-limb, subincluded stamens, anther-cells smaller and

approximate and broader stigma; the other with larger flowers, longer corolla-

limb, far-exserted stamens, anther-cells separate and spreading, stigma somewhat

smaller. Tne first may be the original form of Linn. f.; the latter is certainly

E. staminea, Andr. These are either heterostyled forms, or the first are plants ©

not yet fully developed; to decide, observation of the living plant is necessary.

In either case, we think they are one species. Bentham says this was Klotzsch’s

conclusion (though we have not been able to trace the statement) ; but he

himself thought they were sufficiently distinct.

433. E. stenantha (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DO. Prodr. vii. 685) ;

small, branched, 8 in. or more high ;_ branches ascending, sub-

flexuous, villous or pubescent; leaves crowded, squarrose-recurved,

rigid, linear-lanceolate, subobtuse, flattish, sulcate, glabrous, ciliate,

glossy, about 1 lin. long; flowers numerous, on short crowded

branchlets towards the ends of the branches, subcorolline ; pedicels

slender, 8—22 lin. long ; bracts remote, lanceolate, subsearious, ciliate,

small; sepals ovate to subrhomboidal, acute, keeled, concave,

scarious, cilate, paler than the corolla, 3-1 lin. long; corolla broad-

obconic to obconic-campanuloid, rosy or bright red, 1-15 lin. long ;

segments continuous with the tube or slightly recurved, ovate or

lanceolate, obtuse or subacute, keeled, from as long as, to nearly

twice as long as the tube; anthers included, longitudinally semi-

ovate, subacute, minutely hairy, 1 ¢ lin. long, muticous; pore

+ the length of the cell; style exserted ; stigma subsimple or

minutely obconic or distinctly obconic-cyathiform ; ovary villous.

Coast Recion : Caledon Div.; Zwart Berg, near Caledon, Zeyher ! Swellen-

dam Div.; mountains near Swellendam, 3000 ft., Niven, 107! Masson, 1!

Ecklon § Zeyher, 221! Burchell, 7298! 7832! Bolus, 7505! Zuurbraak Moun-

tain, 4600 ft., Galpin, 3694!

All our specimens agree fairly well, except that in Galpin’s 3694 the stigma is

much larger and distinctly obconic-cyathiform and the pedicels shorter ; but as

there is a tendency towards enlargement in some of the others, it does not seem

well to separate them. Bentham placed this species in the § Melastemon, but

the anther-cell is scarcely produced beyond the pore and the corolla seems more

to resemble that of the present section.

Lirica] . ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 287

434. E. consobrina (Guthrie & Bolus) ; branches (in our only

specimen) incurved, cano-puberulous with simple, intermixed with

minute compound, hairs on the main branches, 10-12 in. long ;

leaves spreading, linear, acute, sulcate, subglabrous, the younger

erect, imbricate, crowded, 1-12 lin. long ; flowers corolline ; pedicels

pubescent, 1 lin. long; braets, 2 subapproximate, 1 median, linear,

$ lin. long; sepals broad-ovate, acute, keel-tipped, scarious, concave,

coloured, ~ lin. long, reaching to less than 2 the height of the

corolia ; corolla campanulate-cyathiform, rosy, 13 lin. long; segments

slightly spreading nearly 2 the length of the tube ; filaments narrow-

linear, equal ; anthers subexserted, dorsifixed well above the base,

obliquely broad-lanceolate, acute, scaberulous, blackish, 2 lin. long,

aristate ; pore = the length of the cell; awns straightly pendulous,

subulate, ciliolate, 1 the length of the cell; style very shortly exserted,

searcely exceeding the anthers; stigma subsimple, of 4 short erect

tooth-like processes, blackish ; ovary glabrous, pallid.

Coast Reaion: Clanwilliam Div.; on the Cederberg Range near Krakadouw,

3000 ft., Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 8679 !

This resembles E. rhodantha, but the flowers are somewhat broader, stamens

subexserted, anthers aristate, style shorter, stigma smaller and of different

structure, and the ovary glabrous. It has also some similarity to E. cristeflora,

var. B.

485. E. nemorosa (Kloizsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 688) ;

erect, reaching 6 ft. high (Bentham); branches subvirgate or more

rarely spreading, tomentose with simple soft hairs; leaves suberect,

slender, linear, obtuse, sulcate, glabrous, scareely 1 lin. long ; flowers

corolline; pedicels 2—% lin. long; bracts remote, linear, small ;

sepals from subovate and acute to oblong-lanceolate and sub-

acuminate, keel-tipped, glabrous or puberulous, mostly strongly

incurved towards the apex, more rarely straight, coloured, about

x the height of the corolla, 3—2 lin. long; corolla varying from broad-

to narrow-cyathiform, red or rosy, 3-1} lin. long; segments erect,

very variable, from 3 the tube to somewhat longer; anthers in-

cluded or sometimes subexserted, suboblong, obtuse, 1-1 lin. long,

muticous or minutely aristulate; pore 2 the length of the cell ;

Style slender, exserted; stigma capitellate ; ovary minutely hairy,

or at least on the summit, LF. floribunda, var. micrantha, Benth.

Lc, 688, not of Lodd. E. polycodon, Benth. l.c. 688.

Coast Region: Caledon Div.; near Caledon, Bolus, 8497! Humansdorp

Div. ; near the Gamtoos River, Niven, 95! near Clarkson, 900 ft., Galpin,

3711! Uitenhage Div.; stony channel of the Zwartkops River, Ecklon Y Zeyher,

30! Zeyher, 3338! Alexander, 9? Van Stadens Berg, Zeyher, 784! Albany

Div. ; near Grahamstown, Burchell, 3549! Atherstone, 2! Bathurst Div. ;

Karega River, Zeyher, 3339! Stutterheim or Komgha Div.; banks of the

Kabousie River, 3000 ft., Murray, 53!

This seems to be a variable species, chiefly in respect of the shape and size of

the corolla and its limb; and is consequently somewhat difficult of distinction,

288 ERIcAcEx (Guthrie & Bolus), [ Hrica.

The type of Klotzsch was most probably Ecklon and Zeyher’s 30, and a careful

comparison of this with Niven’s 95 (the type of E. polycodon, Benth.), appears

to show that these can hurdly be separated. The corolla is a little different, but

intermediate forms are present. In Galpin’s 3711 the anthers are subexserted,

as in Alexander’s 9, and these approach H. decipiens in structure and appearance ;

but in the latter the sepals are glabrous and more scarious and the corolla

longer. All the forms (except Niven’s 95) appear to be characterized by similarly

incurved sepals. In general appearance it resembles FE. floribunda, but may be

distinguished by the simple hairs on its branches as well as by its capitellate, not

obconic, stigma.

436. E. floribunda (Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 176); erect, 2 ft. or more

in height; branches many, ascending, covered with a short pubes-

eence of floccose shortly plumose ashy-grey hairs ; leaves suberect to

subspreading, linear, obtuse, obscurely sulcate, glabrous, 1—1} lin.

long ; flowers subcalyeine, mostly very numerous and crowded in

dense masses on short branchlets; pedicels }—1 lin. long ; bracts

remote or subapproximate, erect, ovate, small; sepals broad-ovate

to orbiecular, keel-tipped, subacute, eoneave, subcartilaginous, coloured

(mostly paler than the corolla) 1—} lin. long; corolla cyathiform to

broad-cyathiform, mouth widened, pale rosy, 8—1 lin. long; segments

broadly rounded, erect, about equal to the tube; filaments short,

straight; anthers subineluded, generally manifest, oblong or ovate,

obtuse, rough, nearly black, 1-2 lin. long, muticous; pore less than

2 the length of the cell, style slender, well-exserted ; stigma obconic-

cyathiform, or sometimes obconic (solid), small; ovary minutely

hairy. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 688. EH. sparsa, Lodd. Bot. Cab.

t. 1467. EH. macrostoma, Klotzsch ex Benth. l.c. 688.

SoutH ArFrica: without locality, cultivated specimens !

Coast Rea@ion : frequent, from George Div. eastwards to Albany Div., Niven,

96! Burchell, 5523! MacOwan, 272! Bolus, 8293! 8673! Schiechter, 2244!

5886! The following, which we have not been able to examine, probably also

belong here: Niven, 98; Burchell, 5157, 53871, 5455! Oudtshoorn Div. ; Zwart-

berg Pass, Tyson !

Loddiges’ figure is the type of this species; but for critical purposes is all but

useless. Bentham identified with it E. galliiflora, Bartl., and we have a specimen

so marked from the Cape Gov. Herb., most probably Zeyher’s. As far as it goes

we cannot confirm from it Bentham’s identification. It has the stigma ‘‘ capitato-

4-lobo”’ as described by Bartling, and in this respect differs from all our other

specimens. The species much resembles E. paniculata and is easily confused with

it. But it may generally be distinguished by its broader sepals (more calycine

flowers), its longer, more slender style, its pale obconic stigma, and minutely hairy

ovary. Both havea like floccose indumentum. ‘The stigma of this is somewhat

variable; usually it is obconic, quite hollow or depressed within ; sometimes it

is solid and has a truncate top. But it is always small, as compared, for

instance, with EH. peltata, with which it has some affinity.

437. E. rhodantha (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect ; branches ascending,

somewhat straight, with numerous short floriferous subdecurved

branchlets of from 1-11 in. long, pubescent with simple hairs ;

leaves erect or subspreading, crowded, imbricate, linear-trigonous,

subobtuse, glabrous, 13—2 lin. long; flowers somewhat copious, sub-

ealycine; pedicels softly floccose with minutely plumose hairs, 1} lin.

rica. } ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 289

long ; bracts remote, laxly spreading, lanceolate, concave, scarious,

keel-tipped, coloured, the lowest more erect, about * lin. long;

sepals broad-ovate, 1 lin. long, otherwise like the bracts, reaching

about } the height of the corolla; corolla cyathiform or campanulate-

cyathiform, about 12 lin. long; segments erect or slightly spreading,

broadly rounded, about as long as the tube; anthers included,

dorsifixed well above the base, longitudinally semiovate, acute or

subacute, ciliolate on the margins, dark-coloured, 3 lin. long,

muticous; pore about 1 the length of the eell; style exserted ;

stigma subcapitellate, 4-lobed, rather flat on the summit; ovary

oblate-spheroidal, puberulous.

Coast REeGion : Riversdale Div.; Garcias Pass, 1200 ft., Galpin, 3706!

In floral structure allied closely to EZ. floribunda, yet with certain differences,

and especially in its general aspect, which, after much consideration, have obliged

us to distinguish it.

438. E. peltata (Andr. Heathery, t. 276); erect, 1-2 ft. high ;

brancbes ascending, straight or flexuous, usually clothed with a

pubescence of very short compound (rarely simple) hairs ; leaves

erect, imbricate, not crowded, linear, round-backed, 1-1} lin. long;

flowers generally in interrupted numerous clusters at the ends of the

branchlets, subcorolline; pedieels puberulous, about 3 lin. long;

bracts variable, sometimes 1 only, close to the calyx, or with 2

smaller and subremote, or, entirely wanting; sepals from ovate-

lanceolate to ovate, or suborbicular, acute or subobtuse and

apiculate, concave, hyaline, pallid, ciliolate or naked, about as long

as the corolla-tube ; corolla broad-cyathiform or subhemispherical,

neatly 1 lin. long; segments broadly rounded, erect, a little

shorter than the tube; anthers subexserted, from shortly oblong to

subovate, subacute, scabrid, dull red, about } lin. long, muticous ;

pore about 2 the length of the cell; style exserted, straight,

red ; stigma cyathiform, large, with 4 intramarginal short points,

bright crimson, about } lin. in diam.; ovary small, minutely hairy.

Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 254; Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 691. £.

Actea, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 371. E. exserta, Sinclair, Hort.

Eric. Wob. 9.

Coast Rreron: Swellendam Div. ; mountains near Swellendam, 10090 ft., Niven,

31! Bolus, 7302! and in Herb. Norm, Austr.-Afr., 604! Garcias Pass, 1500 ft.,

Schlechter, 2194! Riversdale Div. ; rocky places, Schlechter, 2172 ! George Div. ;

near George, Schlechter, 2232! near Great Brak River, Guthrie, 3555! Union-

dale Div.; near the Keurbooms River, Burchell, 5132!

The habit varies from that with more erect and straightish, to that with

more slender, whip-like, flexuous branchlets ; but there are intermediate forms.

439. E. macrotrema (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect, apparently 1] ft.

or more high; branches few, ascending, subflexuous ; branchlets

many, the younger white-pubescent ; leaves slightly spreading, sub-

incurved, oblong or narrow-elliptic, subobtuse, thick, round-backed,

faintly sulcate, glabrous, cartilaginous-denticulate, }-1} lin. long,

VOL. IV,—SECT, I, U

290 ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hrica.

about 2 to 21 times longer than the internodes; flowers not

numerous, on short branchlets thinly scattered over the whole plant,

subealycine ; pedicels curved, stout, red, shortly white-tomentose,

1 lin. long; bracts 3, approximate, oblong and lanceolate, ciliolate,

shorter than the sepals; sepals ovate, acute, concave, glumaceous,

keeled or keel-tipped, rosy suffused with bright red, white-margined

and ciliolate with scale-like, forked or subplumose hairs, about

4 lin. long; corolla hemispherical or subobconic-cyathiform, about

1 lin. long ; segments equal to the tube or slightly longer, rounded,

suberect ; filaments rather broad, lanceolate; anthers subincluded,

or at full maturity subexserted, longitudinally semiovate, obtuse,

minutely scaberulous, a little over } lin. long, muticous ; pore large,

% the length of the cell; style well-exserted, stout; stigma obconic-

cyathiform ; ovary sometimes glabrous, sometimes pubescent.

Coast Reaion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Kers Kop, Cederberg Range, near Wupper-

thal, 3000 ft., Schlechter, 8788!

In floral structure very like the preceding; but the branches are closer, more

rigid and erect, the leaves broader and mostly shorter, pedicels thicker, longer,

more densely tomentose; bracts more constant; sepals more prominent, more

ciliate ; anthers larger with a much Jonger pore; stigma smaller. It has some

resemblance to the § Melastemon and E. lavandulefolia.

Section XXXVIII. EURYSTOMA. (Sp. 440-450.)

440. E, media (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 682) ;

branches eano-puberulous; leaves erect, adpressed, oblong, sub-

obtuse, round-backed, thick, concave and nerved above, sulcate

below, glabrous, about 1 lin. long; flowers subcorolline ; pedicels

rather stout, puberulous, 1 lin. long; bracts approximate, closely

adpressed to the calyx, sepal-like, ovate, obtuse ; sepals ovate, acute,

keeled, concave, searious or subcoriaceous, * lin. long; corolla cyathi-

form,mouth somewhat widened, 13 lin.long ; segments erect, deltoid,

obtuse, about + the length of the tube; filaments rather broad,

subequal, about 2 lin. long; anthers lateral, oblong, obtuse, about

$ lin. long, appendiculate at the base; pore 1—1 the length. of the

cell ; appendages between crested and aristate, oblong, entire, short,

blunt, brown, placed rather high on the cell, in length about 4 of

the cell; style shortly exserted; stigma small, capitellate; ovary

glabrous.

Coast ReGion: Caledon Div.; Cape Hangklip, Mund § Maire! in Herb.

Berlin and Kew.

This species is closely allied to E. argentea, Klotzsch, and the latter may possibly

be a form of this. The fragments we have before us are poor, and we therefore

leave the species as Klotzsch and Bentham had it.

44]. E. argentea (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 686);

erect, 1-1} ft. high ; stem and branches flexuous ; branchlets slender,

the ultimate and floriferous generally decurved ; leaves mostly erect

Eriea.] ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 291

and adpressed or ineurved, imbricate or often only as long as the

internodes, oblong or elliptic, acute, thick, flat above, convex and

glossy below, glabrous, generally 1-1 (sometimes 11) lin. long;

flowering branchlets subdistant and somewhat seanty ; pedicels under

y lin. long ; flowers corolline ; bracts approximate, elliptic, small ;

sepals lanceolate, acute, keeled, rigid, thick with hyaline margin,

about 1 lin. long; corolla obconie, about 11 lin. long; segments con-

tinuous with the tube, semiovate, subacute, somewhat shorter than

the tube; anthers included, manifest, lateral, narrow-oblong, = lin.

long, incurved, obtuse, pale brown, shortly aristate; pore 1-1 the

length of the cell; awns subulate, about 1 the length of the cell;

style exserted, very slender; stigma subsimple; ovary pubescent or

glabrous.

Var. 8, rigida (Bolus) ; stouter and more rigid, less flexuous : branchlets not

usually decurved ; anthers shorter and broader, oblong, 4 lin. long.

Coast Reaction: Piquetberg Div.; Oliphants River Mountains, near

Piqueniers Kloof, Zeyher, 1106! Tulbagh Div. ; foot of Winterhoek Mountain,

Ecklon § Zeyher, 224! Ceres Div.; mountains near Ceres, 1800 ft., Guthrie,

2413! Bolus, 7472! Var. B: Ceres Div.; near Ceres, Bolus, 8481 !

The whole plant has a somewhat shining silvery-grey appearance, yet not

quite glabrous. It is very near the preceding species.

442. E. brevicaulis (Guthrie & Bolus); apparently a dwarf

stunted shrub, 3 in. high ; caudex stout, about 13 lin. in diam.,

divided immediately into several rather stout main branches and

very numerous ascending filiform branchlets, puberulous, glabres-

cent, marked with prominent scars of leaf-cushions ; leaves opposite,

erect, adpressed, the lower about as long as the internodes, the

uppermost imbricate, not crowded, lanceolate, acute, thick, concave

with a middle nerve above, suleate below, glabrous, *-1 lin, long;

flowers terminal, 3-nate? subcorolline; pedicels slender, mostly

bent, red, 13-18 lin. long; bracts remote, 2 inframedian, 1 basal,

linear, 1 lin. long; sepals narrow-lanceolate, acute, keeled, concave,

glabrous, glossy, red, 12 lin. long, reaching a little beyond the top

of the corolla-tube; corolla broad-campanulate, or between that and

broad-cyathiform, glabrous, veined, apparently red or crimson,

nearly 13 lin. long; segments slightly spreading, ovate, a little more

than 3 the length of the tube, colour darkened towards the apex ;

filaments slightly dilated just below the anther; anthers included,

manifest, sublateral, dorsifixed at or near the base, oblong, subobtuse,

smooth, about + lin. long, crested; pore about } the length of the

cell; crests partially adherent at their base to the filament, then

spreading-incurved, narrow-lanceolate or subulate, acuminate, with

2 or more incised teeth near the base, the whole about } the length

of cell; style shortly exserted, slender; stigma capitellate ; ovary

subglobose, shortly villous.

Coast Raion: Worcester Div. ; rocky places on the Matroos Berg, 5500 ft.,

Marloth, 2213 !

ee 3

292 ERICACEH® (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hrica.

Our only specimen is in poor condition and has dropped its flowers; but the

species is So distinct that we do not hesitate to describe it. It has the corolla of

this section, but the sepals are so narrow as to give the flowers a somewhat

corolline appearance. In this respect it is nearest to E. argentea, and in so far

both recede from one of the chief characters of the section.

443. E. nivea (Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 16); erect, almost

entirely glabrous, 1-2 ft. high ; branches ascending, rather straight

or subvirgate, sometimes puberulous, glabrescent; leaves erect,

mostly subadpressed, not crowded, linear-subulate, acute, trigonous,

deeply sulcate, 2-3 lin. long ; flowers somewhat densely crowded on

short branchlets, calycine; pedicels slender, subglabrous, 2-8 lin.

long; bracts laxly subapproximate, lanceolate, about 2 lin. long ;

sepals imbricate, obovate or oblong, subacute, keeled on the upper

half and keel-tipped, white, about 2 lin. long, about equalling the

corolla; corolla subobconie or between rotate and salver-shaped from

a broad base; tube subtetragonous, wider than its length ; segments

broad, obtuse, spreading at an angle of about 45°, about 12 times the

length of the tube, the whole about 2 lin. long, entirely white; filaments

from a broader base tapering upwards, about 1 lin. long ; anthers

included, manifest, sublateral, obovate-oblong, obtuse, smooth ; cells

bipartite, about 2 lin. long, crested; pore about 2 the length of the

cell ; crests about 1 the length of the cell, spreading ; style exserted ;

stigma capitellate ; ovary glabrous, pallid on a dark disk. Benth. in

DC. Prodr. vii. 687.

Soutu Arrica: without locality, Mund § Maire, ex Bentham.

Coast Reeion: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, 2500 ft., Marloth, 214! Simons

Bay, Wright! hills west of Simons Town, Wolley Dod, 1452! Caledon

Div.; mountains near Lowrys Pass, 2000 ft., Guthrie, 3536! moist places

pod hed ne get ae River, Schlechter, 5380! and without precise locality, Bolus,

444, E. lachneeefolia (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 335);

erect, probably under 1 ft. high; branches ascending, leafy, pubes-

cent, covered with the scars of small but prominent leaf-cushions ;

leaves 6-farious, closely crowded, imbrieate, obovate or subelliptical,

very obtuse, thick, somewhat concave above, rounded below, minutely

puberulous, sulcate, gland-ciliolate, very shortly petiolate, —1 lin.

long; flowers subcalycine ; pedicels stout, tomentose, under 1 lin.

long; braets approximate or subapproximate, ovate, leathery, rigid,

keeled, with green or coloured leaf-like suleate thickened tips,

shorter than the sepals; sepals like the bracts but sometimes obo-

vate, larger, ciliolate, nearly 14 lin. long ; corolla obconic-cyathiform,

white (Andrews), about 2 lin. long; segments spreading, oblong,

rounded, a little longer than the tube; anthers included, manifest, sub-

lateral ; cells bipartite, oblong, tapering a little towards the sub-

obtuse apex, papillose, thick, rigid, blaekish, about 2 lin. long, with

a thick dorsal band produced downwards into two thick subulate

awns decurrent along the filament for 1—2 their length, the acuminate

apices free and spreading (or entirely free according to Andrews’

Erica. | ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). 293

figure, and some imperfect specimens seen), the whole projecting

below the cells for a distance shorter than the length of the latter;

pore about } the length of the cell; style exserted; stigma clavate-

capitate, truncate; ovary glabrous. H. lachnwa, Andr. Heathery,

t. 120, and Col. Heaths, t. 177; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 685.

Soutn Arica: without locality, Masson, Mund! and cultivated speci-

mens !

Coast Rea@ron: Caledon Div.; Zwart Berg, Bowie! tops of the mountains

of Baviaans Kloof, near Genadendal, Burchell, 7729.

Very distinct in the section by its peculiar leaves. Our description is from

Bowie’s and Mund’s specimens in Herb. Kew., which agree well. Bentham

quotes with a sign of doubt, E. Pohlmanni, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1852; but this

seems to us quite different, and is a plant unknown to us. The present species

is apparently rare and has not been gathered by any recent collector.

445. E. calycina (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 507, not of some others) ;

generally stout, erect, rigid, 11-2 ft. high, with numerous, ascending,

subvirgate, rarely white-pubescent branches; leaves suberect and

imbricate, or sometimes spreading, or squarrose-recurved, crowded,

linear or narrow-lanceolate, subtrigonous, acute or subobtuse, suleate,

glabrous, ciliolate or naked, mostly 11-2 lin. long; flowers often

crowded on short branchlets, more rarely seanty, calycine or subcaly-

cine; pedicels mostly densely white-tomentose, more or less with

plumose hairs intermixed with simple (occurring sometimes on

the branches), spreading, 13-21 lin. long; bracts subremote (or

the lowest remote) to subapproximate, lax or more rarely imbricating

the sepals, ovate or oblong, coloured, scarious or cartilaginous, about

1 lin, long ; sepals ovate to orbicular or subrhomboidal, imbricate for

a greater or less distance from the base upwards, scarious or carti-

laginous, keeled or keel-tipped, white, ciliate or naked, 1-12 lin.

long, or mostly from 2—% the length of the corolla (rarely 4 only) ;

corolla obconie-cyathiform, white, 1}-2 (rarely 23) lin. long;

segments in full flower spreading or reeurved, but very soon becom-

ing erect, oblong or ovate, obtuse or subacute, from equal to the

tube to a little shorter than it; anthers included, but manifest,

terminal or subterminal; cells partite to the base, oblong or semi-

lanceolate, acute or obtuse, scaberulous, 2-1 lin. Jong, cristate ;

pore }-3 the length of the cell; crests free, coarsely toothed or

incised or crested-aristate ; awns free, short, subulate, ciliate or

hairy ; style stout, straight, shortly exserted; stigma simple

or clavate; ovary pallid, glabrous or hispidulous at the apex.

Thunb. Diss. Erica, 47. E. nigrita, Linn. Mant. 65; Andr.

Heathery, t. 81, and Col. Heaths, t. 41; Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 12,

11; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 54; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 687. E.

laricina, Berg. Dese. Pl. Cap. 94, not of Spreng. /f. E. vespertina,

Linn. f. Suppl. 221; Benth. lc. 686. E. gnidiafolia, Salish. in

Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 336. E. lyrigera, Salisb., and E. nigrita, Roxb.

ex Salisb.l.c. E.volutzflora, Salisb. l.c. 335. E. munda, Salisb. l.c.

337. EH. acutangula, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1868. E. emarginata, Andr.

294, ERICACEX (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Lrica.

Heathery, t. 214.° EH. marginata, Benth., and E. nitidula, Hort. ex

Benth, l.c. 687. E. Dickensonia, var. alba, Sinclair, Hort. Eric.

Wob. 8. E. cucullata, Tausch in Flora, 1834, 615, aec. to Ind.

Kew. E. nigrescens, Steud. Nom. ed. 2, ii. 7. E. nigricans, Lodd.

ex G. Don in Loud. Hort. Brit. 151, fide Ind. Kew. LE. divaricata,

Lodd. ex Steud. Nom. ed. 1, 305.

Var. 8, periploceflora (Bolus) ; flowers reddish or dull red-purple, numerous ;

anthers terminal, decurrent-crested or aristate, the appendages usually (or

always?) more or less adherent to the filament, only partially free, or more

rarely muticous. E. periploceflora, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 387.

Var.y, fragrans (Bolus) ; leaves opposite or 3-nate ; flowers fewer and somewhat

larger, 23 lin. long, blueish-purple, or livid: anthers subexserted, terminal,

decurrent-aristate, with short free points. EH. fragrans, Andr. Col. Heaths,

t, 95, and Heathery, t. 163.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated speci-

mens !

Coast Reeton : from Clanwilliam Div. on the north, throughout the Coast

Region generally, eastward as far as Grahamstown, usually at an elevation of

from 2000 to 5000 ft.; Thunberg, Niven, 114, 219/ Burchell, 7685! Drége,

7778b! Zeyher, 341! 3253! 3254! 3280! 3286! MacOwan, 1260! Bolus,

1579! 8294! 32946! 8771! 3991! 5186! 5466! 6337! 9368! MacOwan,

Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 36! Guthrie, 648a! Schlechter, 17383! 5509! 8915!

Wolley Dod, 127%! 3258! Galpin, 3688! Leipoldt, 550! 1046! Marloth, 2687!

Var. B: Niven, 57! MuacOwan, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 938! Bolus, 5185!

5454! Guthrie, 3669! Schlechter, 5592! Var. 7: Swellendam Div. ; summit of

Zuurbraak Mountain, 4800 ft., Galpin, 83693! (Schlechter, 5400! and Zeyher,

325! probably belong to this species, but are immature).

The examination of a very large number of specimens has obliged us to unite

the four species to which Bentham reduced the still larger number cited above.

It is evident that he still suspected the identity of three of these; and our

additional material has confirmed the suspicion. Like all widely distributed

species it varies somewhat in habit and in every organ, so that if every variation

were regarded as distinctive, it would be necessary to make 8 or even 10 varieties

or species. Those forms which have been collected northwards towards Clan-

william diverge from the others by a poorer growth and smaller leaves and

flowers, the result probably of climatic influences ; but the floral structure differs

little ; the anthers are more lateral, but even these pass by gradations into the

usual or commoner, more southern, form. ‘The var. vy looks distinct, but the real

differences are not great; and it is connected with var. 8 by such a form as

Bolus, 5454, which has almost exactly the same anther. One of Bentham’s

distinctions of E. fragrans was the opposite leaves ; but Galpin’s 3698, which is

undoubtedly the same as Andrews’ fig. t. 163, has the 3-nate leaves of the

section.

446. E. comata (Guthrie & Bolus) ; branches densely and shortly

tomentulose, at length glabrescent; the younger leaves, also the

bracts and sepals ciliate and furnished with a tuft of rather long

white hairs at the apex; leaves erect-spreading, imbricate, linear-

subulate, sulcate, greyish-pubescent, ciliate, at length naked ; petiole

red, 2-2} lin. long; flowers on short branchlets, subcorolline ;

pedicels woolly, scarcely 1 lin. long; bracts subapproximate, in-

curved, usually lax and spreading, oblanceolate, acute, keeled, ciliate,

reddish, {-1} lin. long; sepals somewhat lax and incurved, sub-

orbicular, very concave, keeled, the keel red, the rest hyaline,

Brica.] ErIcacem (Guthrie & Bolus). 295

prominently and somewhat rigidly ciliate, about % lin. long; corolla

broad-cyathiform, apparently red, 11-15 lin. long ; segments erect,

broadly rounded, about as long as the tube or a little less; filaments

linear, equal, about as long as the anther; anthers included, dorsi-

fixed well above the base, broadly oblong, obtuse, scaberulous,

ciliolate, dark-coloured, under + lin. long, muticous ; pore about 4

the length of the cell; style exserted, very slender ; stigma simple ;

ovary depressed-obconic, wider than its length, silky-villous.

Coast RxeGIon : Swellendam Div. ; on the summit of the craggy peak near

Swellendam, 4000-5000 ft., Burchell, 7329 !

A very distinct species, the flowers somewhat too corolline for this section,

but difficult to place elsewhere. Its nearest ally seems to be E. lachneefolia,

Salisb., which was found by Burchell on the same range of mountains, but further

westwards, from which, so far as our material goes, it is easily distinguished at

sight.

447. E. saxicola (Guthrie & Bolus); dwarf, 3-4 (rarely 6) in.

high; branches many, decumbent or ascending, diffuse, flexuous,

often intricate, the ultimate slender, rigid, white-pubescent; leaves

spreading or squarrose, oblong-trigonous, subacute, mostly thick and

fleshy, glabrous, mostly 1 (rarely 14) lin. long; flowers moderately

crowded, on short lateral branchlets, subcalycine or subcorolline;

pedicels about + lin. long; bracts approximate, 3 lin. long ; sepals

somewhat spreading, ovate, acute, concave, thick, rigid, keel-tipped,

scarious, glabrous, ciliolate, less than 1 lin. long, reaching about as

high as the corolla-tube; corolla broad-cyathiform, white, mostly

about 1 (rarely 12) lin. long, wider when expanded than its length ;

segments ascending, rounded, somewhat shorter than the tube ;

anthers included, lateral, oblong-cuneate, or narrow-elliptic, obtuse,

smooth, brown, 1—1 lin. long, crested or subulate-aristate ; pore 3 the

length of the cell; crests or awns as long as the cells or a little

shorter ; style subincluded or shortly exserted ; stigma capitellate ;

ovary oblate-globose, minutely puberulous.

Coast Region: Bredasdorp Div. ; on the ledges of steep rocks, Riet Fontein

Poort, near Elim, 200 ft., Bolus, 8508! Schlechter, 9705! Caledon Div. ; hills

near Papies Vlei, 300 ft., Schlechter, 10445 ! ;

Very distinct in the section by its small leaves and flowers. The anther-ceils

are very similar in shape and size to those of HL. lachnewfolia and i. floceosa,

but there are considerable differences in other respects. Schlechter’s specimens

show not a few flowers with 6-lobed corollas, 11 or 12 stamens and a 6-celled

ovary; and it is his plants, also, which have the smaller elliptic aristate

anthers, mentioned in the description; these occur in the normal, as well as in

the abnormal, flowers.

448. E. floccosa (Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 640, not of Salisb.) ;

erect, 1-13 ft. high ; branches many, ascending, straight or flexuous,

floccose-tomentose with dense short plumulose hairs; leaves erect to

subpatent, crowded, linear-trigonous, subobtuse, slender, glabrous,

15-2 lin. long; flowers abundant, crowded on numerous side-

branchlets, subcorolline ; pedicels pubescent, about 1 lin. or less

296 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). | Brica.

long; bracts approximate or subapproximate, ovate or lanceolate,

scarious, 4—% lin. long; sepals ovate-orbicular, keeled and keel-

tipped, scarious, whitish, about 1 lin. long, reaching about or nearly

half-way up the corolla; corolla obconic-campanulate, white, 2 lin.

long ; segments widely-spreading or subrecurved, ovate, very obtuse,

in length equal to the tube; filaments very slender; anthers in-

cluded, submanifest, sublateral; cells bipartite, broadly oblong, in-

curved, with a thick dorsal ridge, scaberulous, dark brown or reddish,

nearly {§ lin. long, subulate-aristate; pore 4—2 the length of the

cell; awns hairy or eiliolate or naked, sometimes decurrent for a

short distance along the filament at its apex, nearly as long as the

cell; style exserted; stigma capitate; ovary glabrous. Benth. in

DC. Prodr. vii. 686.

Coast Region: Caledon Div.; on the Zwart Berg, near Caledon, 1300-

3400 ft., Mund, 35! Bolus, 6746! 9167! Schlechter, 5542! mountains near the

Zondereinde River, Guthrie, 3281! and without precise locality, Ecklon JS

Zeyher ! Robertson Div, ; mountains near Montagu Bath (warm springs), Bolus,

8294!

A fairly distinct species. From others which resemble it externally it may

be known by its anthers; these are somewhat like those of E. lachnecefolia,

Salisb., but the awns are not or only slightly adherent to the filament, and the

whule aspect of the plant is otherwise very different.

449. E. lucida (Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 337); erect,

stout, 1-12 ft. or more high; branches ascending, mostly flexuous,

sometimes subvirgate, usually floccose-tomentose, as are the pedicels,

with short greyish plumulose hairs, more rarely puberulous ; leaves

erect, often adpressed, imbricate, rarely somewhat spreading, linear-

trigonous, subacute, sulcate, glossy, 1-3 (mostly 2-21) lin. long;

flowers numerous, mostly crowded at the ends of short lateral branch-

lets, calycine, glossy ; pedicels tomentose or rarely subglabrous,

1-1} lin. long ; bracts approximate to subremote, ovate, coloured,

shorter than the sepals; sepals imbricate below and somewhat

spreading at the apex, ovate or obovate, acute or obtuse and cuspi-

date, keeled, concave, thick, rigid, ciliate or rarely naked, glossy,

coloured, 1-1} lin. long, reaching 2—% the length of the corolla;

corolla campanulate, cyathiform or subglobose-urceolate, only in the

last-named form, very slightly contracted at the throat, 14-1} lin.

long, red or rosy ; segments spreading, sometimes horizontally, ovate,

3-{ the length of the tube; anthers included, lateral, oblong,

obtuse ; cells bipartite, 2-1 lin. long, crested; pore about 3 the

length of the cell; crests suborbicular in outline, deeply incised,

about 3 the length of the cell; style shortly exserted; stigma

capitellate; ovary glabrous. Andr. Heathery, t. 172, and Col.

Heaths, t. 109; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 687. LE. rigidifolia,

Wendl. Eric. Ie. fase. 20, 125, t. 48. E. nitens, Bartl. in Linnea,

Vii. 652. a

Var. 8, pauciflora (Bolus); branches more slender; leaves fewer, more

adpressed and smaller; flowers fewer, less glossy, and a little smaller (1 lin.

Erica.] ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). 297

long) ; anthers either as in the type or crested-aristate; awns subulate, acumi-

nate, slightly incised.

Var. yy, laxa (Bolus); as in var. 8, but the anthers cristate; crests narrow-

ovate, crenulate, about 2 the length of the cell. EF. lava, Andr. Heathery, t. 73,

and Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 181; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 687. E. rigescens,

Baril. in Linnea, vii. 635, fide Benth. E. rigens, Benth. lc.

SourH Arkica: without locality, Niven, Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated

specimens ! Var. y: Niven! and cultivated specimen !

Coast ReGion: Clanwilliam Div.; Cederberg Range, 2600 ft., Marloth,

2690! Leipoldt! Tulbagh Div. ; Winterhoek Mountain, Bolus, 6351! moun-

tains near Saron, Schlechter, 10679! Cape Div.; Table Mountain, Pappe!

Devils Peak, 1100-1500 ft., Guthrie, 1217! Bolus, 4470! 4590! Paarl Div. ;

Sneeuw Kop, Marloth! French Hoek, Bolus, 6985! Caledon Div. ; Zwart Berg,

Zeyher, 3278! Var. 8: Tulbagh Div.; Mitchells Pass, 1000 ft., Bolus, 5187!

mountains near Tulbagh Waterfall, 800 ft., Bolus, 5464!

The larger-flowered form of this has some resemblance to E. calycina, but the

flowers are smaller. Our var. 8 is more lax in habit and is fewer-flowered, but

otherwise seems to agree with the type. Niven’s specimen in Herb. Kew.,

marked E. lawa by Bentham, is the only one we have seen in which the anther-

crest agrees with Andrews’ figure, and we have distinguished it accordingly.

Taken as a whole the species differs from all the rest in the section by its corolla,

which is not so uniformly spreading upwards, but has a tendency to become

cyathiform or even globose-urceolate with a slight contraction at the throat; and

_in so far it approaches to § Trigemma.

_ 450. E. mucronata (Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 186, and Heathery,

t. 225); erect, 11 ft. high ; branches erect or spreading, downy ; leaves

spreading, incurved, narrow-lanceolate, setaceous-acuminate, mucro-

nate, keeled, glabrous, 4-10 lin. long; flowers 3-nate (or 3-6-nate,

Andrews) on short arrested branchlets, subcorolline ; pedicels downy,

decurved, 3-4 lin. long; bracts, 2 approximate imbricating the

sepals, 1 remote, lanceolate, setaceous-acuminate, scarious, keeled ;

sepals like the bracts, but larger, including the bristle-like point,

2} lin. long; corolla obconic-campanulate, rosy, 23 lin. long (in

MacNab’s 233, a cult. sp. ?); segments slightly spreading, ovate,

subacute, about 3 the length of the tube; filaments rather broad at

the base, tapering upwards, a little longer than the anther; anthers

included, lateral, narrow-oblong, subacute, minutely scaberulous,

dark-coloured, 1 lin. Jong, 44 times longer than its greatest width,

-muticous; pore small, about 4} times shorter than the cell and near

its apex ; style slender, well-exserted ; stigma small, obconic ; ovary

glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 683. . eriopus, Benth.

le. 650,

SourH Arrica: without locality, Masson/ and cultivated specimens!

Coast Region: Riversdale Divy.; mountains near the Kaffirkuils River,

Niven, 103! summit of Kampsche Berg, Burchell, 7117!

This species was placed in § Melastemon by Bentham and next to £. tetra-

thecoides, which, in the external appearance of its flowers, it somewhat resembles.

But it has not the anther of that section; and also differs in leaves, bracts and

sepals. It also resembles in some respects H. acuta, but has larger flowers and a

different corolla and anthers. Burchell’s specimens are not fully developed, and

on this Bentham established Z. eriopus and placed it in § Platyspora. But

Niven’s specimens, 103, afford mature seeds which are ellipsoidal and not at all

compressed as in that section.

298 ERICACEA (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

Section XXXIX. MELASTEMON. (Sp. 451-460.)

451. E. seriphiifolia (Salisb. Prodr. 297); erect, 1-1} ft. high ;

branches straight and subvirgate, or spreading, subcorymbose or

fastigiate ; leaves mostly 4-nate or sometimes scattered, erect, imbri-

cate, usually strongly incurved, more rarely straight, linear, acute,

glabrous, mostly 1-14 (rarely 2) lin. long; flowers mostly axillary,

generally some also terminal, in dense clusters as if capitate at the

ends of the branches, corolline ; pedicels slender, floccose (as in H.

cubica), 2-4 lin. long; bracts remote, linear-spathulate, about 1 lin.

long ; sepals ovate or lanceolate and acute, or sometimes obovate and

retuse with a produced keel-point, often deeply concave, rigid, sub-

scarious, coloured, 3—% lin. long, reaching 2—1 the height of the

corolla; corolla obconic or sometimes somewhat funnel-shaped,

bright red or crimson, 14—1% lin. long ; segments continuous, ovate,

rounded or subacute, from } the length of the tube to a little longer

than it ; anthers included, longitudinally semiovate, acute, the cell

produced beyond the pore for }—2 the length of the latter, papillose,

hispidulous or nearly glabrous, dark-coloured, about + lin. long;

pore from i—2 the length of the cell; style well-exserted, very

slender ; stigma subsimple ; ovary globular, glabrous, small. Salisb.

in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 331; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 688. £.

cubica, var. minor, Andr. Heathery, t. 15; and Col, Heaths, t. 84.

E. cubica, Thunb. Diss. Erica, 31, ace. to Salish. and also Rach.

EH. bella, Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 197, acc. to Benth. E. incurva,

Thunb, Prodr. 188, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 359% not of Wendl.

nor of Andr. LE. inflexa, Pers. Syn. i. 428?

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Thwnberg, Drége, 7772! 77831 and culti-

vated specimens !

Coast Recion: Riversdale Div.; near Garcias Pass, Burchell, 7150! George

Div.; Outeniqualand, Niven, 105! Montagu Pass, 2000 ft., Schlechter, 2270!

Guthrie in Herb. Bolus, 8675! Knysna Div.; near Plettenberg Bay, Bowie!

Burchell, 5878! mountains near Millwood, 2000 ft., Tyson in MacOwan, Herb.

Austr.-Afr., 1496! Uniondale Div.; Long Kloof, Ecklon ¥ Zeyher, 211! Uiten-

hage Div.; Van Stadens Berg, Burchell, 4692 !

452. E. cubica (Linn. Diss. Erica, 45); erect, 1-12 ft. or more

high; branches straight and subvirgate or spreading, subcorymbose

and fastigiate, glabrous, pallid or dark, with more or less prominent,

sometimes decurrent, leaf-cushions ; leaves 4-nate or scattered (or

sometimes apparently 3-nate), very variable in size and setting, from

2-5 lin. long, the shorter erect, crowded, imbricate, strongly incurved,

the longer either straighter, erect and imbrieate, or incurved and

squarrose, all linear, acute, sulcate, glabrous; flowers terminal and

axillary, densely umbellate at the ends of the branches, corolline ;

pedicels slender, floccose with minute distantly-branched or sub-

plumose hairs, 2-9 lin. long; bracts 2 only (? always), remote, linear-

spathulate, foliaceous, about 14-2} lin. long; sepals narrow-lanceo-

late, lanceolate, ovate, obovate or suborbicular, aeute, acuminate,

keeled or sometimes retuse with an excurrent keel-tip, occasionally

Evica.| ERICACEX (Guthrie & Bolus). Bee

by projection of the keel-angles, appearing tetragonous, the broader

flattish, the smaller more concave, margins entire or lacerate, scarious,

glabrous and glossy, pallid or deep coloured, 1-2 lin. long, reaching

from}about 2—3 the height of the corolla; corolla campanuloid or

obconic or subfunnel-shaped, pale rosy or deep red, 13-81 lin. long ;

segments continuous, ovate or semiorbicular, mostly equal in length

to the tube, but occasionally shorter or longer; filaments rather

broad, tapering upwards, rigid, nerved; anthers included, oblong

to semiovate, acute or acuminate, papillose or minutely hairy, 1—1 lin.

long, muticous, or sometimes with minute pallid squarrose awns at the

apex of the filament; pore about 2 the length of the cell, situate in

the middle; style exserted, slender; stigma subsimple, small ;

ovary glabrous. Linn. Amen. Acad. viii. 56, and Mant. Alt. 233 ;°

Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 11, 13; Andr. Heathery, t. 14, and Col.

Heaths, t. 18; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 972; Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii.

683. E. hottonixflora, Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 331,

Var. 8, coronifera (Bolus); branches pallid, leaf-cushions decurrent, promi-

nent; leaves squarrose or decurved, incurved, 3-5 lin. long; pedicels sub-

setaceous, 7-9 lin. long; bracts subapproximate or remote; sepals suborbicular

and scarious at the base, with a long foliaceous point, the whole 2} lin, long,

reaching from 3 to the height of the corolla; anthers oblong, acuminate, somewhat

longer and proportionately narrower and rougher than in the type, pale brown,

nearly 1 lin. long. LE. coronifera, Benth. in DC, Prodr. vii. 683.

Var. y, natalensis (Bolus); branches pallid, flexuous, slender, leaf-cushions

decurrent, prominent ; leaves more slender than in 8, erect or spreading, but not

squarrose, at least as to the uppermost, 3-5 lin, long; pedicels about 7 lin.

long; bracts remote; sepals orbicular or lanceolate; other characters as in

var. B.

Coast Recion: Swellendam Div.; mountains near Swellendam, Masson, 27!

Burchell, 7892! Zeyher, 3246! Schlechter, 5677! Borcherds in Herb. Norm.

Austr.-Afr., 1805! Zuurbraak Mountain, Galpin, 3681! Riversdale Div. ; Platte

Kloof, Masson, 125! Garcias Pass, Galpin, 3679! George Div.; Montagu Pass,

2U00 ft., Young in Herb. Bolus, 5522! Knysna Div.; Millwood, Tyson, 3165!

Uniondale Diy.; mountains near Avontuur, Bolus, 2393! Humansdorp Div. ;

Clarkson, 800 ft., Galpin, 3678! Uitenhage Div. ; Van Stadens Berg, Miss

West, 5! Var. 8: George Div.; between Touw River and Kaymans River,

Burchell, 5779 ! : : !

Eastern Reaion: Var. y: Natal; Fields Hill, Umbilo River, Sutherland,

922! north of Umzimkaba River, Sutherland! Inanda, Wood, 970! and without

precise locality, Mrs. K. Saunders !

453. E. tetrathecoides (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 683) ; diffuse,

entirely glabrous, probably under a foot high; branches, pedicels

and sepals smooth and somewhat glossy ; branches slender, flexuous,

straggling, distantly leafy above, naked below; leaves notably

scanty and mostly shorter than the internodes, spreading, incurved,

linear-subterete, acute, 3-43 lin. long; flowers terminal, or a few

also axillary at the ends of the branches, spreading or cernuous,

corolline ; pedicels very slender, 3-4} lin. long; bracts remote, very

small, 2 above the middle, 1 basal; sepals subspreading, oblong,

scarious, with a thick keel far-excurrent at the apex, the whole

2 lin. long ; corolla obconie, 23-3 lin. long, mouth much widened ;

300 ERICACEZ (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

segments continuous, broadly rounded, equal to the tube or some-

what longer ; filaments rather broad, with a strong median nerve;

anthers included, narrow-lanceolate, acuminate ; cell produced beyond

the pore for about # the length of the latter, papillose, minutely

ciliolate on the margins, fox-coloured, 3-1 lin. long, muticous ; pore

less than } the length of the cell; style exserted, very slender;

stigma subsimple ; ovary glabrous.

Coast Region: Riversdale Div. ; Garcias Pass, Burchell, 7027 !

454. E. humifusa (Hibbert ex Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi.

332) ; erect or procumbent, 6-10 in. or more high, almost entirely

glabrous ; branches flexuous, subglabrous, with whitish scars of leaf-

cushions ; leaves 3-nate or opposite, erect, adpressed, somewhat

imbrieate or about as long as the internodes, not crowded, oblong or

elliptic, obtuse, round-backed, thickish, sulcate, smooth, 3—1 lin.

long; flowers subeorolline ; pedicels slender, about 1 lin. long;

braets subapproximate, imbricating the sepals but shorter, ovate or

lanceolate, keeled, scarious, whitish, 1—* lin. long; sepals like the

bracts, adpressed, very concave, * lin. long or a little more, not

reaching to the top of. the corolla-tube; corolla funnel-shaped,

veined, red or rosy, 1}—14 lin. long ; tube narrow-obconic ; segments

more spreading, semiovate, very obtuse, from equal in length to the

tube to twice as long; filaments slender, tapering to the apex;

anthers included, manifest, 2-1 lin. long or more, the shorter sub-

ovate, acute, the longer lanceolate or semilanceolate, acuminate ;

cell produced beyond the pore for from —1 of the length of the

latter, mutieous; pore about + the length of the cell, seabrid,

foxy-brown ; style exserted ; stigma capitellate; ovary glabrous.

Soutn ArFRica: without locality, Herb. Salisbury! procumbent on the rocks

in shady places among the mountains, Niven, 37!

Coast Region: Clanwilliam Div.; on the Cederberg Range, 2500 ft.,

Marloth, 2682! Worcester Div.; Matroos Berg, 5500 ft., Marloth, 2245!

Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, Mulder ex Salisbury. Somerset Div. ;

rocky places, summit of Bruintjeshoogte Mountain, 4500 ft., MacOwan, 1648!

We have seen and examined specimens of Salisbury’s type, and of all the.

others cited, and find them to agree fairly well. Marloth’s specimens and

MacOwan’s have 3-nate leaves. In the others they are opposite so far as we

have seen; but Bentham must have seen some also 3-nate. By its thin whip-

like branches it looks distinct from any other species in the section.

455. E. cristeflora (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 332); erect,

1-2 ft. high; branches ascending, stout, puberulous; leaves erect-

spreading, imbricate, rarely subsquarrose, linear, subobtuse, glabrous,

rarely puberulous or canescent, glabrescent, 1-8 lin. long; flowers

scanty or more or less densely clustered, corolline; pedicels puberu-

lous, 1-25 lin. long; bracts laxly subapproximate, sometimes sub-

remote, ovate, acute, keeled, scarious, coloured, rosy or pallid, 3-11

lin. long; sepals like the bracts but larger and broadly elliptic or

suborbicular, obtuse or subacute, $~1} lin. long, mostly reaching to

about the top of the corolla-tube; corolla very broadly obconic,

Erica. | ERICACEE (Guthrie & Bolus). 301

much widened to the mouth, very variable in size, 1-21 lin. long ;

segments continuous with the tube, semiovate, varying from a little

longer than the tube to a little less than 4 its length; anthers in-

cluded, subovate, acute or acuminate, more or less villous, or papil-

lose and glabrous, 2-1 lin. long; pore 1-1 the length of the cell,

which is produced above the pore for from 2-11 times the length of

the latter ; style shortly exserted ; stigma obconic, very small, rarely

subpeltate ; ovary glabrous. EH. melanthera, Thunb. Diss. Erica, 16,

not of Linn., teste Salish. § Rach.

Var. B, blanda (Bolus) ; habit. mostly, but not always, more diffuse; branches

more flexuous ; leaves somewhat shorter and more spreading ; flowers smaller in

all parts, 1-14 lin. long; stigma subpeltate, with 4 tooth-like interior processes.

E. blanda, Salish, in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 331. EB. cornuta, Rowb. ea Salisb.

l.e.; Benth. in DO. Prodr. vii, 684. E. suavis, Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 641, jide

Benth,

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Herb. Salisbury! Var. 8: Herb. Salisbury!

Coast Raion: Tulbagh Div, ; Winterhoek Berg, Bolus, 5182! Tulbagh

Waterfall, Bolus, 5183! near Saron, Schlechter, 10666! Mitchells Pass, Mac-

Owan, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 35! Bolus, 5284! 9810! Schlechter, 8936!

$973! Guthrie, 625)! Paarl Div.; French Hoek, Niven, 100! Bains Kloof,

Bolus, 4056! Cape Div.; near Cape Town, Thunberg, Table Mountain, 2000 ft.,

Schlechter, 14! Var. 8: Clanwilliam Div.; Cederberg Range, on Sneeuw Kop,

4500 ft., Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 8679b! Marloth, 2688! Leipoldt, 214! 744!

Tulbagh Div.; near Saron, Schlechter, 10692! Cape Div.; Devils Peak and

Table Mountain, 1200-2000 ft., Bolus, 3352! 4751! MacOwan, Herb. Norm.

Austr.-Afr., 7541 Wolley Dod, 1681!

CentraL Reaion: Ceres Div.; Cold Bokkeveld, 5000 ft., Schlechter,

9996 !

This species varies considerably in aspect, and extreme forms with pallid often

subsquarrose, sometimes even silky leaves (as in Schlechter’s 9973), seem dis-

tinct, and worthy of separation as a variety, were they not connected by inter-

mediate forms with the type. The same remarks apply in part to our var. 8,

which has little to distinguish it beyond the smaller size of the flowers. The

subpeltate stigma even, relied upon by Bentham as a distinguishing character

for FE. cornuta, is exhibited in Schlechter’s 9996 and in Bolus 5182, which in

every other respect have the habit, leaves and flowers of the typical cristeflora,

group.

456. E. moschata (Andr. Heathery, t. 226, not of Lodd) ; erect,

1 ft. or more high; branches few, puberulous, with lateral floriferous

branchlets 1-11 in. long; leaves erect or somewhat spreading,

straight or ineurved, imbricate but scarcely crowded, lanceolate-

linear, subobtuse, pallid, glabrous, the younger ciliolate, 2-3 lin. long ;

flowers mostly cernuous, not clustered, corolline 3 pedicels pubescent,

1;-25 lin. long; bracts subremote or subapproximate, lax, ovate or

cordate, acute, keeled, scarious, coloured, about 1} lin. long ; sepals,

2 orbicular, 2 narrower and ovate, obtuse, apiculate, otherwise like

the bracts and about as long, rarely reaching to the top of the corolla-

tube; corolla obconic or subfunnel-shaped, widely spreading to the

mouth, rosy, 21-4 lin. long; segments continuous, ovate, rounded,

variable in length, from less than } the tube to a little longer than

it; anthers included, the lower portion suborbicular, produced above

into a contracted acuminate apex for from 1-1} times the length of

302 ERICACE# (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Hrica.

the pore, coarsely shaggy and ciliate, foxy-brown, 2—% lin. long ; pore

about 4 the length of the cell; style exserted, very slender; stigma

obconic, very small; ovary glabrous. Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 248;

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 683. EH. florida, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 284,

not of Thunb. E. anthina, Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 196, acc. to Benth.

& Rach.

- SourH ArFrica: without locality, Miller! Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated

specimens !

Coast Recton: Tulbagh Div. ; Witsen Berg, Ecklon §* Zeyher! Winter-

hoek Berg, 4000 ft., Bolus, 6350! Worcester Div.; Brand Vlei, Masson, 36!

Dutoits Peak, 4800 ft., Marloth, 2412!

Closely allied, perhaps too closely, to E. cristeflora. It differs by the larger

flowers, larger, more acuminate and more shaggy anthers, and also somewhat in

habit; the flowers being fewer, less clustered, more cernuous, the branches

fewer, the leaves longer and paler. The flowers are fragrant as noted by

Andrews, and also by Marloth, who likens their odour to that of Disa

graminifolia, Ker-Gawl.

457. E. lavandulefolia (Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 332) ;

subarboreous, 3-8 ft. high; branches subvirgate, pubescent, with

many floriferous branchlets, forming towards the top of the branches

a somewhat thyrsoid inflorescence; leaves erect, mostly ineurved,

linear, acute, round-backed, sulcate, glabrous, 2-31 lin. long; flowers

subcorolline ; pedicels decurved, slender, white-pubescent, 1-12 lin.

long ; bracts approximate, imbricating the sepals, or rarely the lowest

remote, lanceolate, acute, keeled, ciliate, scarious, glabrous, whitish

or pale rose, } lin. long; sepals like the bracts but ovate, very

concave, about 1; lin. long, reaching to about 1 the height of the

corolla ; corolla nearly broad-obconic, or very slightly funnel-shaped,

rosy, 1{-2 lin. long; segments continuous with the widening tube,

ovate or oblong, about 3 the length of the tube; filaments lanceo-

late at the base tapering upwards; anthers included or sometimes

subexserted, longitudinally semiovate, the dorsal margin curved, the

inner nearly straight, acute, the cell. extending beyond the pore for

about > the length of the latter, rough but not very hairy, about

¢ lin. long, muticous; pore narrow, about 3 the length of the cell;

style slender, well-exserted ; stigma capitellate, small; ovary small,

minutely puberulous. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 684. E. monti-

cola, Klotzsch in Herb. Berol. ex Benth. Lc.

Soutu AFrRica: without locality, Masson !

Coast ReGion: Tulbagh Div.; near Tulbagh (Roode Zand), Niven, 102!

800 ft., Guthrie, 3113! Marloth, 2911! Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland,

ex Salisbury.

458. E. Gillii (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 684); ‘habit of Z.

moschata” (Bentham); branches floccose with minute compound,

distantly subplumose greyish hairs; leaves subrecurved, spreading,

imbricate and crowded (on the ultimate branchlets), linear-trigonous,

obtuse, sulcate, glabrous, pallid, 13 lin. (or probably more) long;

pedicels floecose, 2 lin. long; flowers ecalycine; bracts subremote,

Erica. ] ERICACEX (Guthrie & Bolus). 303

the uppermost one only imbricating the sepals, lax and somewhat

spreading, ovate, acute, complicate, keeled, membranous, pallid,

about 14 lin. long; sepals like the bracts but larger and flatter,

broad-ovate or suborbicular, imbricate above the base, 12 lin. long, by

1; lin. wide, reaching a little beyond the top of the corolla-tube;

corolla broad-cyathiform, 2 lin. long; segments erect, broadly

rounded, about 2 the length of the tube; anthers included, sub-

cuneate, acute, scaberulous or roughly papillose, nearly black, & lin.

long ; pore about + the length of the cell, placed in the middle of the

cell ; style slender, exserted ; stigma minute, obconie or ‘subsimple ;

ovary puberulous.

Coast Reeion: Mossel Bay Div.; Attaquas Kloof, Gill! in Herb. Kew.

459. E. nervata (Guthrie & Bolus) ; branches hirsute (1 lin. in

diam. in our small specimen), the lower parts covered with the

persistent short stumps of old flowering branchlets, the upper densely

leafy; leaves erect, rigid, strongly ineurved, crowded, imbricate,

axils gemmiferous, broad-lanceolate, acute, from deeply suleate to

open-backed, the revolute margins flat and wide, long-ciliate, the

younger hispid, glabrescent, pallid, 14-2 lin. long; flowers terminal

on very short arrested branchlets and thus appearing axillary,

solitary, subcorojline; pedicels woolly with longish white hairs,

2-25 lin. long; bracts remote, basal, minute; sepals incurved,

broad-ovate or suborbicular, shortly acute, very concave, cartilaginous,

rigid, with about 9 distinct parallel nerves, ciliate, pale rosy, about

1 lin. long or a little more, not reaching to the top of the corolla-

tube; corolla broad-cyathiform, red, 22 lin. long; segments con-

tinuous with the tube, subereet, broad-ovate, about equal to it in

length ; filaments rigid, shorter than the anther ; anthers included,

longitudinally semilanceolate, acute, the cell produced beyond the

pore for about 2 the length of the latter, scaberulous, dark-coloured,

s lin. long, muticous; pore about 3 the length of the cell; style

included ; stigma subsimple ; ovary densely woolly.

Coast Region: Oudtshoorn Div.; grassy places, Zwarteberg Pass, 4900 ft.,

Marloth, 2409! ;

460. E. trachysantha (Bolus in Journ. Linn. Svc. xxiv. 184) ;

erect, rather slender, not much branched, under 1 ft. high ; branches

(except in the lowest parts), under surface of the leaves, pedicels and

especially the sepals, densely hirsute with shaggy dirty-white hairs ;

leaves crowded, fasciculate in tufts, shorter or a little longer than

the internodes, erect-incurved, ovate-lanceolate, acute, open-backed,

with reflexed wide flattish margins, subglabrous on the upper surface,

2-2; lin. long ; flowers mostly solitary on short branchlets, spreading,

erect or cernuous, calycine ; pedicels 4-65 lin. long ; bracts remote,

basal, very small ; sepals slightly united at the base, ovate, acute,

13-2 lin. long; corolla cyathiform, nearly equal at the mouth, 2-23

lin, long; segments equal to or a little longer than the tube ; anthers

304. grtcace® (Guthrie & Bolus). | Lrica.

included, subulate or sublanceolate, acuminate, recurved, 1 lin. long;

pore 1—1 the length of the cell ; style just exserted; stigma small,

capitellate or subsimple ; ovary subconic, hispidulous.

Coast Rrearon: Uniondale Div. ; Kouga Mountains, between Uniondale and

Avontuur, Bolus, 2387 !

This is most nearly allied to HE. Passerine (§ Gamochlamys), and is @ con-

necting link between the present and that section. It may be readily known

from that species by its different indumentum, larger and flatter leaves,

longer pedicels, and more deeply divided calyx. It is also related to the

preceding.

Section XL. GAMOCHLAMYS. (Sp. 461-466.)

461. E. Passerine (Montin in Act. Nov. Upsal. ii. 289, t. 9,

fig. 1) ; erect, about 2 ft. high, tomentose in the upper part, glab-

rescent below ; branches, leaves, pedieels, bracts, sepals and ovary,

but especially the sepals, uniformly covered with a short closely-

matted white tomentum; leaves ovate to elliptic, obtuse, thick,

deeply sulcate, or sometimes subopen-backed, at length glabrescent,

1-14 lin. long; flowers on very short lateral branchlets, solitary or in

pairs, erect or pendulous, from subcorolline to subcalycine ; pedicels

2 lin. long; bracts remote, subbasal, small; sepals more or less

united at the base, ovate, about $ the length of the corolla, 14 lin.

long; corolla cyathiform, mouth searcely widened or contracted

(“‘red,” Thunberg), 3 lin. long; segments erect, rounded, }—} the

length of the tube ; filaments short and rather broad, less than 3 the

length of the anther; anthers subulate, acute, recurved, about 3 lin.

long; pore 1-1} the length of the cell; style included; stigma

capitellate, very small; ovary conical, densely tomentose. Linn. f.

Suppl. 221; Thunb. Diss. Erica, 18; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

681. LE. passerinefolia, Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 332.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg, Paterson! Miss Cummings in

Herb. Bolus, 9286!

Coast Reeion: Uniondale Div.; Long Kloof, Masson, 63 !

Closely allied to the two preceding species (HZ. nervata and 2. trachysantha)

all being distinct in the genus. It is also noteworthy that all inhabit the same

general region, so far as their habitat is known to us.

462. E. melanthera (Linn. Diss. Hrica, n. 37; Mant. Alt. 232,

not of Lodd.); erect, about 1-2 ft. (acc, to Niven, 5-6 ft.) high;

branches ascending or widely spreading, pubescent ; leaves mostly

spreading, more rarely squarrose, from linear to oval, blunt, thick,

suleate, minutely tuberculate-hispid or glabrous, at length usually

glossy, 1—2 lin. long ; flowers generally abundant, corolline ; pedicels

puberulous, 1-2 lin. long ; bracts from subremote to subapproximate,

linear, small, sometimes larger and somewhat imbricating the calyx ;

calyx obconic, 4-cleft, puberulous or glabrous, keeled throughout or

only keel-tipped, coloured, about 1 lin. long ; segments reniform or

obcuneate, apiculate, as long as the tube or somewhat longer

Erica.) ERICACE® (Guthrie & Bolus). 305

or shorter ; corolla obconic, broad-cyathiform or funnel-shaped, pale

or bright red, 13-2 lin. long; segments continuous or spreading,

broadly rounded, about equal to the tube or from somewhat longer

to shorter; filaments rather broad; anthers obliquely oblong or

longitudinally semiovate, produced above into a contracted point

about or nearly equal to the pore, scabrid, nearly black, about

2 lin. long; pore 1~$ the length of the cell; style exserted ;

stigma obconic or subsimple, minute ; ovary silky-villous, chiefly on

the summit. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 684. E. lysimachiwflora,

Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 332. E. mundtiana, Klotzsch ex

Benth. lc. 684. E. varia, Lodd. Bot. Cub. t.1325; Benth. 1.c. 685.

E, caroliniana, Hort. ex Benth. lc. E. muricata, Wendl. fil. ex

Benth. lc. H. leiophylla, Benth. lc. 684. E. jubata, Lodd. ex

Spreng. Syst. ii, 198, acc. to Ind. Kew.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Drége, 7773! Paterson ! Herb. Salisbury !

and cultivated specimens !

Coast Rea@ion: Swellendam Div.; near Swellendam, Niven, 101! Mund,

20! Voormans Bosch, Zeyher, 3249! Langeberg Range, Schlechter, 5659!

Riversdale Div. ; near Riversdale, Hewitt in Herb. Bolus, 3687! between Garcias

Pass and Krombecks River, Burchell, 7189! Garcias Pass and Muis Kraal,

1000-1500 ft., Burchell, 7089! Galpin, 3683! 3684! George Div.; Devils Kop,

Niven! Montagu Pass, 4000 ft., Marloth, 2403! Uniondale and Humansdorp

Div. ; Long Kloof and Kromme River, Masson, 62! Kouga Mountains, near

Avontuur, Bolus, 2389! near Haarlem, Galpin, 3685! Knysna Div. ; Paarde

Berg, Burchell, 5191! Keurbooms River, Burchell, 5184! Uitenhage Div. ;

Van Stadens Berg, Zeyher, 792! 3250!

We have examined Niven’s specimen of E, varia, so named in Bentham’s

hand, but can find no sufficient characters to separate it, and Loddiges’ figure

(upon which the species appears to have been founded) affords no additional

evidence. Bentham observes that the leaves are not glossy, but in Niven’s

specimen some, at least, are-so. ‘The type of E. leiophylla, Benth., collected by

Paterson appears to be nothing but a starved state of this, varying in no essential

character,

463. E. Chamissonis (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 685) ;

erect, 1-2 ft. or more high; branches stout, ascending, pubescent ;

leaves crowded, suberect or often spreading-incurved, linear, sulcate

or often more or. less open-backed, usually hispid and rough with

longish white tubercle-based hairs, the tubercles persistent after the

hairs have dropped, 13-25 lin. long; flowers copious, along the

secondary and tertiary branchlets, corolline; pedicels densely villous,

2-27 lin. long; bracts remote, villous, minute ; calyx cyathiform,

densely villous with white hairs, 3-14 lin. long ; segments deltoid or

semiovate, acute, variable from about equal to the tube to 3 its

length, reaching 3-2 the height of the corolla; corolla broad-cyathi-

form, 18-22 lin. long ; segments erect, suborbicular, strongly nerved

near the apex, as long as or sometimes a little shorter than the tube ;

anthers dorsifixed well above the base, oblong or suboblanceolate,

obtuse, not or only very slightly, produced beyond the pore, rough

and ciliolate on the margins or subglabrous, }—} lin. long ; style

exserted, slender, dilated and obconic at the apex; stigma oo :

VOL. IV.—SHCT. I.

306. ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [Hrica.

ovary turbinate, silky-villous. . polyantha, Klotzsch ex Benth. in

DC. Prodr. vii. 688.

Soutn AFRIcA: without locality, Chamisso, Wallich !

Coast Reeton: Uitenhage Div.; without exact locality, Zeyher; Van

Stadens Berg (EZ. polyantha, Kl.) Zeyher, 218! 786! Port Elizabeth Div.;

Kemsley, 357! Miss West, 3! Albany Div.; near Grahamstown, Burchell,

3557! MacOwan, 33! Tyson in MacOwan § Bolus, Herb, Norm. Austr.-Afr.,

983! Guthrie, 2369!

We have examined the types of E. polyantha, and do not doubt that they are

merely poorly-grown plants of this species, of which they have all the characters,

but of a reduced size, and all parts (especially the calyx) less hairy.

464. E. longipes (Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 684, not

of Bartl.) ; branches erect, rigid, rather rough, pubescent with simple

hairs, 10 in. or more long; leaves erect-incurved, imbricate, linear,

deeply sulcate, hispidulous or glabrous, 2-12 lin. long; flowers on

short lateral branchlets, somewhat copious, corolline; pedicels

puberulous or densely woolly, 13-23 lin. long; bracts remote, very

small; calyx obconic, thick, rigid, scarious, glabrous, concave,

strongly keeled, the keel prominent from the very base and the

whole thus somewhat truncate at the base, 1 lin. long, or slightly

less ; segments ovate, erect, acute, ciliolate or naked, 3-4 times the

length of the tube ; corolla between funnel-shaped and campanulate,

rosy, about 2 lin. long; segments slightly spreading, rounded, about as

long as the tube; or sometimes longer; anthers dorsifixed above the

base, oblong, obtuse, minutely scaberulous, reddish-brown, 1-8 Jin,

long; pore 3—2 the length of the cell; ‘style exserted, slender ;

stigma subsimple or capitellate ; ovary turbinate, silky-villous on the

conical summit.

Soutu Arrica: without locality, Masson ! Mund!

Coast Reeion: Knysna Div. ; near Forest Hall, Miss eudigate, 63! Uiten-

hage Div.; Grass Ridge, Ecklon & Zeyher.

We have not seen Ecklon & Zeyher’s type; but have examined Masson’s and

Mund’s specimens, both named by Bentham, and Miss Newdigate’s, all of which

agree well.

465. E, canaliculata (Andr. Heathery, t. 156, and Col. Heaths,

t. 157) ; ereet, reaching to 6 ft. high (Galpin) ; branches ascending,

greyish-puberulous, in some specimens floccose with minute com-

pound hairs, with many subverticillate spreading copiously floriferous

branchlets ; leaves erect-spreading, very straight, linear, deeply

sulcate or more or less open-backed, showing a paler tomentulose

under-surface, scabrid-puberulous above, sometimes becoming glabrous

and smooth, 2-3 lin. long; flowers apparently normally 3-nate, but

often by arrest of the lateral branchlets so crowded as to appear

umbellate with 4-6 flowers, subcorolline ; pedicels slender, puberu-

lous, 2-27 lin. long; bracts remote, minute ; calyx glabrous, roughly

papillose, pallid outside, red within, the central line closely adpressed

to the corolla, deeply 4-fid; segments ovate, acute, 2-4 times

_ the length of the tube, ciliate at the base, sides more or less strongly

Rrica.) ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus), 307

reflexed and the whole then tetragonous, 4-1 lin. long, reaching

generally about 3} the height of the corolla; corolla. broadish.

cyathiform or subcampanulate, tetragonous, rosy, 13-1 lin. long;

segments not, or only slightly, spreading, broad, about as long as the

tube; anthers subexserted or only manifest, dorsifixed well above

the base, oblong, obtuse, $-+ lin. long; style exserted, slender;

stigma simple ; ovary velvety or glabrous. Benth.in DC. Prodr. vii.

688. EH. melanthera, Lodd. t. 867? not of Linn. nor of Thunb,

Sourn Arnica: without locality, cultivated specimens !

Coast ‘Re@ion: George Div.; woods near George, 900 ft., Schlechter,

2329! Barbiers Kraal, near Devils Kop, Niven, 97! Humansdorp Div. ;

Witte Els Bosch, Zitzikamma, 500 ft., Galpin, 3698 !

We have taken as the type Andrews’ figure and Niven’s 97, named by Bentham,

and have described from these and the two more recent gatherings cited

above, which agree very closely. The species is a very distinct one by

its peculiar calyx. Galpin’s and Niven’s specimens both exhibit compound

hairs,

466. E. natalitia (Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soe. xxiv. 187) ; erect ;

branches numerous, ascending, cano-puberulous ; leaves erect, or the

older spreading, linear to oblong, acute, deeply sulcate or open-

backed, mostly glabrous, sometimes hispidulous, 1-23 lin. long;

flowers 3-nate, sometimes umbellately clustered, subcalycine ; bracts

remote, basal, small; calyx more or less deeply 4-fid, about 8 lin.

long; segments deltoid or ovate, subacute, keeled or keel-tipped,

about equal to the tube or only a little shorter or longer; corolla

cyathiform or subobconic, pink, about } lin. long; segments di-

vergent, somewhat longer than the tube; anthers oblong, obtuse,

smooth, about 4 lin, long; pore less than 3 the length of the cell ;

style shortly exserted, sometimes dilated at the apex ; stigma peltate

or eyathiform ; ovary glabrous.

EASTERN Reaion : Natal; Indwedwe, 2000 ft., Wood, 990! near Emberton,

1000 ft., Schlechter, 3230! on mountains occasionally snowed, 4000-5000 ft.,

Sutherland! Zululand; N’Kandhla, Wood, 7301!

Distinct in the section by its small flowers, and proportionately large peltate

or cyathiform stigma. It connects with the § Arsace, differing by its calyx and

its subealycine flowers.

Section XLI. CYATHOLOMA. (Sp. 467-469.)

467. E. Thunbergii (Montin in Act. Nov. Upsal. ii. 292, t. 9,

fig. 2); erect, 6-12 in. high, entirely glabrous or the branches

sometimes downy ; leaves erect, imbricate, linear, sulcate, pallid or

subglancous, 2-3 lin, long ; flowers few or copious on short branch-

lets towards the ends of the branches, subcalycine ; pedicels slender,

spreading or decurved, 3-6 lin. long; bracts remote, lanceolate,

acute or acuminate, keel-tipped, subscarious, bright canary-yellow,

2-3 lin. long; sepals like the bracts but oblong or ovate, large and

conspicuous, more acuminate, 23-3} lin. long; corolla subfunnel-

308 ERICACEH (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

shaped, the lower part somewhat globose, constricted above, yellowish,

15-2 lin. long, the upper part broad-cyathiform, red, 3 lin. long,

the whole 43-5 lin. long; segments erect, broad-ovate, divided from

a longer or shorter distance above the constriction, about 2-24 lin.

long; filaments slender, dilated at the apex; anthers dorsifixed

above the base, oblong, tapering to the apex, obtuse or subacute,

curved forwards (subprognathous) at the base, papillose, brown,

nearly 1 lin. long, muticous ; pore +—2 the length of the cell; style

subincluded; stigma simple; ovary turbinate, glabrous, shortly

stipitate. Linn. f. Suppl. 220; Bot. Mag. t. 1214; Lodd. Bot.

Cab. t. 277 ; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 648. EF. Thunbergia, Andr.

Heathery, t. 244, and Col. Heaths, t. 282. HE. medioliflora, Salisb.

in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 331. ;

Sour Arrica: without locality, Herb. Salisbury! and cultivated speci-

mens !

Coast Reeion: Clanwilliam Div.; Ezelsbank, on the Cederberg Range,

3000 ft., Drége! Sneeuwkop, 5800 ft., Leipoldt, 617! Thode, 70! Bodkin in

Herb. Bolus, 6882!

CentRAL ReGion: Ceres Div.; Cold Bokkeveld, Thunberg, chiefly on the

farms Waarde Drift and Rietfontein, 24-42 miles north of Ceres, 3000-3500 ft.,

Carson in Herb, MacOwan, 2778! MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 959!

A very distinct species unlike any other in floral character, or in aspect, with

the single exception of E. flavisepala. Bentham in DC. Prodr. vii. 649,

quotes Hy, celsiana, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1777, as a variety of this, with a larger

rosy corolla-tube and darker limb, and with narrower, paler bracts and sepals.

He thought it perhaps a garden hybrid, and we have seen no specimens like it.

It is more unlike E. flavisepala in both aspects and structure,

468. E. Corydalis (Salisb. in Trans. Linn, Soe. vi. 334) ; erect,

8-10 in. high; branches ascending, subvirgate or sometimes spread-

ing, puberulous ; leaves recurved or squarrose, crowded or somewhat

lax, lanceolate to oblong, acute, flat or subconeave above, sulcate

below, thick, glabrous, glossy, 14-21 lin. long; flowers somewhat —

scanty along the branches, either (in well-grown specimens) on short

branchlets bearing only a few bract-like leaves, or (by arrest of the

branchlets) pseudo-lateral, corolline; pedicels rather stout, puberu-

lous, subviscid, 1-2 lin. long; braets approximate, ovate, viscid,

3% lin. long; sepals broad-ovate or obovate, acute, keel-tipped,

leathery, viseid, coloured, 1-11 lin, long; corolla subrotate ; tube

short hemispherical, about 1 lin. long; segments suddenly and

widely spreading, very broad and obtuse, about 11-12 lin. long, the

whole dry, white, 2-23 lin. long, when flattened out; anthers

manifest, very broad-oblong or subquadrate, with a dorsal and apical

ridge or entire crest, membranous at the apex, sometimes expanded —

into a wing-like process on either side, thickened downwards into

awns or muticous; cells separate, papillose-scabrid, 3 lin. long,

aristate or subcristate ; pore less than 4 the length of the cell; awns

or crests (when present) subulate, thick, entire or sometimes broader

and dentate, acute, about. 4 the length of the cell; style exserted

Erica.] ERICACEX (Guthrie & Bolus). 309

siender ; stigma capitellate ; ovary glabrous. Benth. in DC. Prodr.

vii. 649. KE. complanata, Nois. ex Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 196? £.

crassifolia, Benth. l.c. 685, not of Andr.

South AFRica: without locality, Niven / and cultivated specimens !

Coast ReaGion : Caledon Div., 3000-4000 ft.; southern slopes of the Houw

Hoek Mountains, Bolus, 5452! Schlechter, 5453! mountains near Vogel Gat,

Klein River, Schlechter, 9548 !

It is probable that Salisbury’s type is Niven’s specimen in Herb. Kew. This

we have dissected, as also all the specimens cited above, besides one in Herb.

MacNab at Kew, and one in the Berlin Herbarium, both marked E. crassi-

folia, Andr., and are satisfied that all are identical. Bentham describes this

species under the name of E. Corydalis, and also under E. crassifolia, with

which it has a superficial resemblance: an easy mistake in so large and

intricate a genus, from which we ourselves can hardly expect to have escaped.

The species is very well marked, and quite different, upon dissection, from the

last-named; the hemispherical “tube” is differentiated from the limb by an

interior thin circular ridge and longitudinal nerves, and the anther is very

different. We cite E. complanata, Nois., upon Bentham’s authority, and can

only say that the description agrees, as far as it goes. ‘Ihe species connects this

section both with § Pachysa and § Trigemma.

469. E. flavisepala (Guthrie & Bolus) ; erect, slender, a foot or

more high; branches subfiliform, glabrous or minutely puberulous

at the apex; leaves 3-nate, erect, imbricate, linear or linear-lanceo-

late, acute, the younger mucronate and ciliate, the floral somewhat

dilated, 2-3 lin. long ; flowers 3-nate, clustered at the ends of short

branchlets, subcorolline ; pedicels glabrous, red, 2-3 lin. long ; bracts

remote, lanceolate, setaceous-acuminaté, concave, scarious, ciliate,

the hairs often barbellate or forked, pale yellow, about 3 lin. long ;

sepals like the bracts or sometimes a little broader and shorter ;

corolla ovoid-urceolate, but little contracted at the throat, dry,

glabrous, red, 4—44 lin. long; segments slightly spreading or erect,

somewhat concave, ovate, acute, subcordate, about 4 of the tube in

length; filaments capillary; anthers subcuneate-linear, or narrow-

oblong; cells deeply parted, very slightly bilobed but scarcely

prognathous at the base, about % lin. long, aristate; pore scarcely

3 the length of the cell; awns inserted well above the base of the

cell, subulate, projecting backwards, about 3 the length of the cell ;

style straight, red; stigma capitellate, small; ovary subturbinate,

shortly stipitate, glabrous.

CENTRAL Region: Ceres Div.; sent with E. Uhunbergit and said to

grow with it on the Cold Bokkeveld, Herb. Bolus, 6893! and Cape Govt.

Herb, !

This species, of which we have seen only one (but a good) specimen, is a very

well-marked one, but difficult to place satisfactorily in any of the sections. In

general aspect it is strikingly similar to E. Thunbergii ; but has not the peculiar

globose corolla-tube of either of the other species of this section. From

§ Ceramus it recedes by its large loose bracts and sepals, by its corolla but little

constricted at the throat, and in aspect is unlike any other species described

there. Krom § Trigemma it differs by its lax and bright coloured bracts and

sepals and its shortly stipitate ovary.

310 ERICACEX (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Eriea.

Imperfectly known species.

. abrotanoides, Burm. f. Prodr. Cap. 11.

. adenophora, Spreng. Syst. ii. 188.

. Aphanes, Spreng. Syst. ii. 196.

. appressa, Spreng. Syst. iv. Cur. Post. 146.

. bicalyculata, Moench, Meth. Suppl. 18.

. boucheana, Regel in Gartenfl. 1852, 73.

. ealyciflora, Tausch in Flora, 1834, 617.

candida, Spreng. Pugill. i. 30.

. carneola, Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 5 ; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii.

io)

be bt bet bet ett tt tot dot

. cinerascens, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. Suppl. 21.

. cistifolia, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 369.

E. comosa, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fasc. 12, 7.

E. conifera, Tausch in Flora, 1839, 632, Said to be allied to Z.

denticulata, L.

E, decolorans, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. Suppl. 21; name only.

Hab. ?

E. dicranifolia, Tausch in Flora, 1839, 634. We have seen the

type of this, which is not sufficient for treatment.

E, Edelinia, Bonpl. Descr. Pl. Rar. Malm. 48, t. 16.

E. epiptera, Willd. Enum. Hort, Berol. Suppl. 21. Name

only,

E. erubescens, Lodd, Bot. Cab. t. 1826.

E. exposita, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1521.

E. exquisita, Carr. in Rev. Hort. 1882, 362.

E. faireana, Carr. in Rev. Hort. 1882, 363.

E. Fergusoni, Gentil. & Carr, in Rev. Hort. 1882, 407.

E. filifolia, Regel, Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 1856, 29. Hab. ?

E. finitima, Lodd. ex G. Don in Loud, Hort. Brit. 153.

E. flocciflora, Tausch in Flora, 1839, 629. Hab.? Near Z£.

daphniflora. |

E. galiiflora, Bart]. in Linnea, vii, 643.

E. globosa, Burm. f, Prodr. Cap. 11.

E, globosa, Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 408,

E. gracilis, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 244, not of Wendl. nor of Salisb.

E. hirtifolia, Hornem. Hort. Hafn. i. 370.

Erica.] ERICACERX (Guthrie & Bolus). 311

E. hispida, Burm. f. Prodr. Cap. 11.

E. innocens, Hoffmgg. Verz. Pfl. Nachtr. ii. 111.

E. insulsa, Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 12.

E. jasminiflora, var. minor, Andr. Heathery, t. 220.

E. jasminoides, Carr. in Rev. Hort. 1882, 362. Hab. ?

E. lanceolaris, Steud. Nom. ed. i. 306.

E. lanceolata, Pers. Syn. i. 424. Hab. ?

E. laricea, Burm. f. Prodr. Cap. 11.

E. laricina, Spreng. f. Tent. Suppl. Syst. 12.

E. laxa, Thunb. Prodr. 189.

E. leucophylla, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 507.

E. litoralis, Regel, Cat. Pl. Hort. Aksakov. 55 (name only).

. longipedunculata, Wender. ex Steud. Nom. ed. ii. i. 575. E.

longipedicellata, Hoffmgg. Verz. Pf. 59. Hab. ?

. lychnidea, Wendl. ex Steud. Nom. ed. i. 307 (name only).

. lycopodioides, Hornem. Hort. Hafn. i. 874.

. microcalyx, Regel, Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 1856, 29.

. mollissima, Lodd. ex G. Don in Loud. Hort. Brit. 150.

. mutica, Tauseh in Flora, 1834, 597.

. nitens, Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 16. Hab. ?

. ochroleuca, Wendl. f: ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 687.

octagona, Lodd. ex G. Don in Loud, Hort. Brit. 147.

Pabsti, Regel, Gartenfl. 1858, 50.

. pallens, Spreng. Pugill. i. 30, not of Andr.

. Paxtoni, Gentilh. & Carr. in Rev. Hort. 1882, 407. Hab. ?

. pellucida, var. rubra, Andr. Heathery, t. 277.

. pellucidoides, Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 18.

. polytricha, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. ii. 338.

. protrudens, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 372.

. pulverulenta, Sinclair, Hort. Eric, Wob. 20.

. quadriflora, Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 379.

. Rachii, Regel, Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 1856, 30. Hab.?

. retusa, Tausch in Flora, 1834, 598.

E. Rinzii, Regel, Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 1857, 48. Hab. ?

E. rollisonia, Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 21.

E. russelliana, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1013.

E. saturejefolia, Tausch in Flora, 1839, 656.

HAR ARP ee ee ee eee eo oe od

312 ERICACEEZ (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

E. scabra, F. W. Schmidt, Neue u. Selt. Pfl. 42.

E. scabriuscula, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 372.

E. spherantha, Spreng. Syst. iv. Cur. Post. 146.

E. spiralis, Lodd. ex G. Don in Loud. Hort. Brit. 153 (name

only).

E. splendida, Mackay ex G. Don in Loud. Hort. Brit. 146

(name only).

E. struthioleflora, Lodd. ex G. Don in Loud. Hort. Brit. 148.

E. suleata, Hornem. Hort. Hafn. i. 371.

E. superba, Hoffmgg. Verz. Pfl. Nachtr. iii. 35.

E. syndriana, Hort. ex Gentilh. & Carr. in Rev. Hortic. 1882,

306. Hab. ?

E. tenera, Steud. Nom. ed. 2, i. 580. E. spherantha, Link ex

Steud. Nomencl. ed. 2, 580. Hab. ?

E. tenuis, Moeneh, Meth. Suppl. 17. Hab. ?

E. teucriifolia, Spreng. Pugill. i. 31.

E. torosa, Moench, Meth. Suppl. 18. Hab. ?

E. tortuosa, Lodd. ex G. Don in Loud. Hort. Brit. 153 (name

only).

E. triphylla, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol, i. 360. Probably belong:

ing to § Ephebus. Described from a cultivated specimen.

E. uniflora, Burm. f. Prodr. Cap. 11.

E. ursina, Lee ex Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. i, 263 (name only).

E. venoza, Gentilh, & Carr. in Rev. Hortic. 1882, 406. Hab. ?

E. ventrosa, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. ii. 341. Hab. ?

E. verniciflua, Salisb. in Trans. Liun. Soc. vi. 319, 335. E.

glutinosa, Roxb. ex Salisb. l.c.

E. Vernoni, Gentilh & Carr. in Rev. Hort. 1882, 408. Hab. ?

E. vesicularis, Salisb. in ‘Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 319, 335; Benth.

in DC, Prodr. vii. 661. H. eonacea, Hort. ex Salisb, 1.c. 335.

Coast Region: Stellenbosch Div.; mountains near Stellenbosch, Mulder, ex

Salisbury.

This is not in Herb. Salisbury at Kew, and we have been able to find no

farther clue to it.

E. vestitoides, Regel, Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 1856, 30. Hab. ?

E. virgata, Wendl. ex Spreng. Syst. ii. 197,

Supposed Hybrids.

KE, acuminata, Andr. Heathery, t. 101, and Col. Heaths, t. 145; Lodd. Bot.

Cab. t. 216.

Erica. | _ ERICACEA (Guthrie & Bolus). 313

K. ACUMINATA, var. ANGUSTIFLORA, Andr, Heathery, t. 251.

E. ACUMINATA, var. LONGIFLORA, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron, 1843, 461.

K. apsuvans, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 502.

KE. ampieua, Wendl. Bric. Ic. fasc. 16, 61, t., 24.

Pn AMPULLACEA, vars. RUBRA and virTaTa, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843,

E. AMPULLACEOIDES, Rolliss. l.c,

E. ANDREwSst, Klotzsch in Linnga, x. 314. E. andrewsiana, Rolliss. 1.c.

HE. ARcHERIA, Andr. Heathery, t. 3.

EK. ARCHERIANA, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1466.

KE, ARISTATA, var. MINOR, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

KE. aristeLua, Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 2. E. equestris, Klotzsch in Linnea,

x, 350. EH. eximia, Load. Bot. Cab. t. 1105.

E. Banponia, Andr. Heathery, t. 205, and Col. Heaths, t. 220.

E. BATEMANIA, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

= BravumonmiA, Andr, Heathery, t. 253, and Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843,

E. BEAUMONTIANA, Rolliss. ex Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1686.

EK. BLANDA, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

E. BUCCINIFLORA, Bot. Mag. t. 2465 ; Lodd. Bot. Cab, t. 1127.

E. BuRNETTII, Hort. ex Plauch. in Fl. Serres, viii. 261, t. 845. 2. Hartnello-

hiemalis, Planch, 1.c.

CALOSTOMA, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1759.

. CARINATA, Lodd. l.c. t. 1071.

CAVENDISHIANA, Paxt. Mag. xiii. 3. (£. Cavendishii on the plate.)

. CELSIANA, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t, 1777.

. CLOWESIANA, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

. CRINITA, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 14382.

- CRUCIFORMIS, Andr. Heathery, t. 258, and Col. Heavhs, t.228. HE, cwnei-

jJormis, Benth. in DO. Prodr, vii. 648.

E. cULCIT#FLORA, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 357.

E. CURVIFLORA, var. RUBRA, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

E. cytinprica, Andr. Heathery, t. 60; Lodd. Bot. Cab. te 1734; Rolliss. in

Gard. Chron. 1843, 461, not of others.

. DAPHNOIDES, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 154.

. DENSA, Rolliss. i in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

DEPRESSA, var. RUBRA, Rolliss. ].c.

Dovetasta, T. Moore in Moore & Ayres, Bot. Mag. iii. 9, t. 1, fig. 1.

DUCALIS, Klotzsch in Linuwa, x. 347.

DUNBARIANA, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

ECHIIFLORA, var. CARNBA, Rolliss. ].c,

EFFusA, Nichols. Dict. Gard. i. 522.

EPIsTomia, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1186.

EXCELSA, Tausch in Flora, 1834, 596.

EXSURGENS, var. COCCINEA, Kolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1848, 461.

FAVOIDES and vars. ELEGANS and PURPUREA, Rolliss. 1.c.

FORBESIANA, Klotzsch ir Linnea, x. 349.

FoRMOSA, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

GRANDIFLORA, var. HUMILIS, Rolliss. ].c.

HartTNewuu, Rolliss. l.c.

Hirsuta, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 754.

HYACINTHOIDES, Andr. Heathery, t. 167, and Col. Heaths, t. 174.

HYBRIDA, Rolliee, i in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

. IMPULSA, Rolliss. l.c.

INFLATA and var. RUBRA, Rolliss. l.c.

IneRamI, Hort. ex Morr. "Belg. Hortic. vii. 322, t. 52, fig. 1.

. INTERTEXTA, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1034.

. JACKSONIT, Paxt. Mag. viii. 149.

- SASMINIFLOMA, vars. NANA and RUBRA, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843,

Lobis ua

Bi SS ie et

461,

314 ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). [ Erica.

F¥. LampertiA, Andr. Heathery, t. 171, and Col. Heaths, t. 104. EH. lam-

bertiana, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 3.

E. LAWRENCEANA, Rolliss, in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

E. LAXIFLORA, Buck in DC. Prodr. Index, iii. 167. E. prestans, var. laxiflora,

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 647.

. LEUCOSTOMA, Tausch in Flora, 1834, 596.

LINN#/[A, var. SUPERBA, Andr. Heathery, t. 268, and Col. Heaths, t. 243.

LINNHZ ANA, Var. CURVIFLORA, Rolliss. in Gard. ‘Chron. 1843, 461.

LINNHANA, var. SUPERBA, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1778; Rolliss, l.c.

LINN&ZOIDES, Andr. Heathery, t. 123.

MACNABIANA, Paxt. Mag. vii. 125.

MAGNiFIcA, Andr. Heathery, t. 228, and Col. Heaths, t. 244.

MARNOCKIANA, T. Moore in Moore & Ayres, Mag. Bot. iii. 9, t. 1, fig. 2.

METULEFLORA, and var. BICOLOR, Kolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1848, 461.

MIRABILIS, Andr. Heathery, t. 271, and Col. Heaths, t. 246.

MOOREANA, Lem. Jard. Fleur. iii. t. 259, fig. 2.

MULTUMBELLIFERA, Tausch in Flora, 1839, 628.

MURRAYANA, Thunb. ex Paxt. Mag. xi. 77.

MUTABILIS, Andr. Heathery, t. 176, and Col. Heaths, t. 187 ; Lodd. Bot.

Cab. t. 46; Bot. Mag. t. 2348; Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461, not of

Salisb.

E. oBLONGA, Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 17.

__E. ostrina, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

KE. patiipa, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1355.

E, PATBERSONIA, var. coccinEA, Andr. Heathery, t. 134, ei Col. Heaths,

t. 196.

. PATERSONIADES, Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 18.

. PERSPICUA, Sinclair, l.c.; Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1813, 461.

. PERSPICUA, var. MAJOR, Kiotzseh i in Linnea, ix. 674.

4 PERSPICUOIDES, Sinclair, Hort. Eric. Wob. 18.

. PINEA, and var. PURPUREA, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 18438, 461.

. PINGUIS, Klotzsch in Linnwa, x . 851. E. clowieana, Hort. ex Benth. in

DC. Prodr. vii. 643.

E. PINIFOLIA, vars, COCCINEA, DISCOLOR and ELEGANs, Rolliss. in Gard.

Chron. 1843, 461.

E. princeps, Andr. Heathery, t. 140, and Col. Heaths, t. 121; Lodd. Bot.

Cab. t. 647.

E. PRINCEPS, var. CARNEA, Rolliss. in Gurd. Chron. 1843, 461.

E. primuboipes, Andr. Heathery, t. 233, and Col. Heaths, t. 203; Bot.

Mag. t. 1648; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 715. EE. dilecta, Hort. ex Klotzsch in

Linnea, xii. 621.

Bi. PsEupoveEstiTA, Benth. in Maund, Bot. iii. 104.

E. PULCHERRIMA, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

E. puNICEA, Rolliss, ].¢.

E. QUADRANGULARIS, Andr. Heathery, t. 280, and Col. Heaths, t. 260. E.

erosa, Lodd. Bot. Cab, .t. 133.

BK, RADIATA, Andr. l.c. t. 42, le. t. 52. #. calamiformis, Salisb. in Trans.

Linn. Soe. vi. 362.

KE. RADIATA, var. DISCOLOR, Andr, l.c. t. 281, l.c. t. 261.

REFULGENS, Andr. l.c. t. 284, l.c. t. 264. —.

RETORTA, Var, MAJOR, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

RIGIDA, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1286.

Rot.issonti, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

rosea, Andr. Heathery, t. 82; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 782.

. RUBERCALYX, Andr, l.c. t. 285, and Col. Heaths, t. 266.

. RUBIDA, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1166.

E, RUBROCALLA, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

£. RuBrocaLyx, Gentilh. & Carr. in Rev. Hort. 1882, 306.

E. RuBBOSsEPALA, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 2, 339.

E, rugosa, Andr. Heathery, t. 236, and Col. Heaths, t. 267.

bet fet be ed ad bt bd bt dt

be be be be bd ed

bf et bat a bs

Erica. ] ERICACER (Guthrie & Bolus). 315

E, RUSSELLIANA, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

E. sANGUINEA, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 86.

E. stMuLATA, I’. Moore in Moore & Ayres, Mag. Bot. iii. 9, t. 1, fig. 3.

E, SPENCERIANA, Planch. in FI, Serres, t. 2323.

KE. SPRENGELLI, Endl. in Harting. Parad. Vindob. t. 67, fig. 2; Rolliss. in

Gard. Chron. 1843, 461,

H. spurta, Andr. Heathery, t. 90, and Col. Heaths, t. 62; Rolliss. 1.c.

KH. stELLIFERA, Andr. l.c. 291, l.c. 276; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1622, E. bibrac-

teata, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 516.

E. suAVEOLENS, Andr. l.c. t. 292, l.c. t. 277; Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

- SwaunsoniA, Andr. Le. t. 242, lc. t. 209. E. swainsoniana, Rolliss. ].c.

- TEMPLEA, Lee ex Andr. l.c. t. 293, l.c. t. 280.

- TENUIFLORA, var. CARNUA, Andr. l.c. t. 294, le. t. 281.

- Thomsonit, Lem, Jard. Fleur, iii. t, 259, fig. 1.

- TORTULIFLORA, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

TRANSLUCENS, Andr, Heathery, t. 295.

. TRANSPARENS, Andr. Col. Heaths, t. 283.

- TRICOLOR, and vars. ELEGANS, IMPRESSA, MAJOR aud SUPERBA, Rolliss. in

Gard. Chron, 1843, 461.

KE. trRossuta, Lodd. Bot. Cab. tt. 668, aud var. RUBRA, t. 1742. 2B. trassula,

Klotzsch in Linnea, xii, 515.

E. rusirtora, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

K. tusurosa, Wendl. Eric. Ic. fase. 16, 57, t. 22.

HE. tuRGioLA, Rolliss. in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

#. unpuata, Andr. Heathery, t. 300, and Col. Heaths, t. 288; Lodd. Bot.

Cab. t. 1792.

E. VENTRICOSA, vars. ALBA, CARNEA, NANA, PURPUREA, and STELLIFERA,

Rolliss, in Gard. Chron. 1843, 461.

E. VERNIX, var. RUBRA, Rolliss. l.c. :

EK. VESTITA, vars. BLANDA, ELEGANS, FULGIDA, INCARNATA and ROSEA, Rolliss.

l.e.

K. weppiana, Rolliss. l.c.

KE. westPHALinetA, Hort. ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 639.

KE. WituMorel, Knowles & Westcott, Fl. Cab. ii, (1838) 115. E. vilmoreana,

E. villmoriniana, E. willmoreana and E. willmoriana, Hort. ex Carr. in Rev.

Hort. 1892, 335.

tet Set bet ty ad dt

Il. PHILIPPIA, Klotzsch.

By N. E. Brown, A.L.S.

Pedicels ebracteate. Calyx unequally 4-lobed or 4-partite, one

segment distinctly larger than the others and outside them. Corolla

very small, 4-lobed. Stamens 8; filaments free or connate ; anthers

bifid or bipartite, without dorsal or basal spurs, opening by oblique

pores. Ovary 4-celled; style exserted, persistent; stigma large,

peltate or saucer-shaped ; ovules 2 or more in each cell. Capsule

loculicidally 4-valved ; seeds 1 or more in each cell.

Shrubs or undershrubs with the habit of Hrica; leaves shortly petiolate,

grooved down the very convex back; flowers very small, in small terminal

clusters.

Distrib. Species between 30 and 40, several of them in Tropical Africa, more

numerous in the Mascarene Islands.

Leaves hispid with long gland-tipped hairs... ... (1) leeana.

Leaves not hispid with gland-tipped hairs : :

Branchlets with short gland-tipped hairs ie () Evansii.

316 ERICACEX (Brown). [ Philippia.

Branchlets with minute white tomentum, with-

out gland-tipped hairs :

Calyx-lobes unequal; staminal-filaments all

connate es wi et ae. ... (3) Chamissonis.

Calyx-lobes subequal: staminal-filaments

free or some connate for 4 their length ... (4) tristis.

1. P. leeana (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 213); branchlets ascending

or spreading, usually curved, minutely or conspicuously pubescent

with spreading glandular hairs; leaves 3-nate, spreading, 2-1 lin.

long, ovate, oblong-ovate or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse or acute, some-

what turgid, hispid on the back with rather long gland-tipped hairs,

puberulous on the upper surface ; flowers 1-6 together at the tips of

the branchlets; pedicels 3-1 lin. long, varying from glandular-

pubescent to nearly glabrous ; calyx-lobes thin, with the keel or tip

thick and coriaceous, very broadly ovate or subquadrate-oblong,

acute or obtuse, variably connate or nearly free, ciliate with long

gland-tipped hairs, otherwise glabrous, the larger 1—% lin, long,

3~ lin. broad ; corolla 2—8 lin. long, * lin. in diam., campanulate or

broadly cup-shaped, 4-lobed to about 4 of the way down, glabrous ;

lobes very obtuse, very minutely denticulate ; stamens not exserted ;

filaments broad, entirely connate; anthers 1—2 lin. long, oblong,

bifid to nearly -way, connate ; ovary subglobose, 4-grooved, glabrous ;

style very much exserted, 1-11 lin. long, glabrous or pubescent ;

stigma circular, 2 lin. in diam., flat or nearly so, with 4 minute

central tubercles; seeds often solitary, rather large. Benth. in DC.

Prodr, vii. 695. Erica absinthoides, E. Meyer ex Klotzsch in

Linnea, xii. 213.

Coast Region: Stellenbosch Div.; Lowrys Pass, 1000-2000 ft., Drége!

Hottentots Holland Mountains, Bolus in Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 44! Caledon

Div. ; by the Palmiet River, Schlechter, 5430! Ecklon § Zeyher (ex Klotzsch) ;

Houw Hoek Mountains, Burchell, 8143! Schlechter, 9895! Zwart Berg, near

Caledon Baths, 1000 tt., Zeyher, 3329! Galpin, 3715! MacOwan Sf Bolus,

Herb. Norm, Austr.-Afr., 755! Schlechter, 9772! 10361! Guthrie, 2508! hills

near Caledon, Bolus, 9907! Ecklon § Zeyher (ex Klotzsch); near Genadendal,

Ecklon & Zeyher (ex Klotzsch).. :

This has been distributed in MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm. as Scyphogyne

divaricata, Benth.

2. P. Evansii (N. HE. Br.); branchlets spreading when young,

becoming ascending, shortly glandular-hairy ; leaves 3-nate, ascend-

ing or spreading, #—1 lin. long, linear-oblong, very minutely gland-

denticulate on the margins, otherwise glabrous; flowers 1-3 to-

gether, terminal; pedicels 2-3 lin. long, glabrous; calyx-lobes

coriaceous, broadly ovate, subacute, grooved down the back, minutely

gland-ciliate, the larger 4—} lin. long, 4 lin. broad, nearly twice as

long as the rest; corolla globose-campanulate, about 1 lin, long and

5 lin. in diam., 4-lobed to nearly 3-way down, glabrous, pale greenish ;

lobes broader than long, very obtuse; stamens not exserted ; fila-

ments } lin. long, free; anthers 2 lin. long, bifid to 4-way down,

free ; ovary globose, 4-grooved, glabrous; style about equalling the

corolla ; stigma peltate, orbicular, 4 lin. in diam,

Philippia.] ERICACEX (Brown). 317

iS — Recion : Natal; near Ulundi, 5000-6000 ft., Evans, 62! in Herb.

olus,

3. P. Chamissonis (Klotzsch in Linnea, ix. 856); a large shrub

(tree, ex Niven); branchlets densely crowded, erect or ascending,

densely white-puberulous with minute deflexed hairs ; leaves 3-nate,

crowded, imbricately adpressed, 3-14 lin. long, linear, obtuse, flat,

with a raised midrib above, glabrous and smooth or minutely scabrid,

often with wrinkled sides in the dried state, subentire or very

minutely scabrid on the margins; flowers in terminal clusters of

3-7; pedicels } lin, long, glabrous; calyx-lobes coriaceous, the

larger about }—% lin. long, 3 lin. broad, very broadly ovate, obtusely

pointed, slightly grooved down the back towards apex, glabrous

or minutely scabrid; corolla campanulate-globose, glabrous ; tube

2 lin. long; lobes 4 lin. long, rounded or broadly ovate, obtuse ;

stamens as long as the corolla or slightly exserted ; filaments connate ;

anthers 1—2 lin. long, bifid to }-way down, connate below; ovary

globose, glabrous; style shortly exserted, 4-1 lin. long; stigma

% lin. in diam., crater-like, with or without 4 small papille or larger

radiating processes at the bottom of the cup. Klotzsch in Linnwa,

xii. 213; Rach in Linnea, xxvi. 788; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

695. Hrica virgata, var. 8, Thunb. Diss. Erica, 19. E. absinth-

oides, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 349. EH. tristis, Bartl. in

Linnea, vii. 643; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 691. E. cupressifolia,

Wendl. ex Klotzsch, l.c. 213.

Sovurn ArFrica: without locality, Thwnberg! Chamisso (ex Klotzsch),

Mace! Roxburgh! Ecklon 5 Zeyher! Burchell, seed 1808! and cultivated

specimen ! -

Coast Reeion: Cape Div. ; Cape Flats, Guthrie, 1164! Table Mountain,

Niven, 218! Harvey! Camps Bay, Burchell, 848! Fish Hoek, Niven, 90!

Muizen Berg, 400 ft., Bolus, 4477! Caledon Div.; Hot springs near Caledon,

Ecklon!

4. P. tristis (Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxiv. 187) ; branchlets

crowded, subparallel, covered with a minute dense white tomentum,

becoming brown and glabrous ; leaves 3-nate, adpressed, }—11 lin.

long, linear, obtuse, glabrous, very minutely denticulate ; flowers 2-3

in a cluster, lateral and terminal; pedicels 1—} lin. long, glabrous ;

calyx-lobes subequal, subcoriaceous, 1—1 lin. long, + lin. broad, ovate,

obtuse, glabrous, minutely ciliate ; corolla about 3 lin. long and the

same in diam., subglobose-campanulate ; lobes about } lin. long and

broad, broadly ovate, obtuse ; stamens about as long as the corolla ;

filaments nearly + lin. long, adnate to the bottom of the corolla and

some of them sometimes connate for half their length, free above ;

anthers 1 lin. long, bifid to nearly half-way down, cohering at the

middle, becoming free when in fruit; ovary globose, 4-grooved,

glabrous ; style 3 lin. long, shortly exserted; stigma 3-3 lin. in

diam., funnel-shaped, with ineurved margin or crater-like; seeds

usually solitary in each cell.

CyentraL Recion: Graaff Reinet Div. ; Koudveld Mountains, 4500 ft.,

Bolus, 2594! wie

318 ERICACEH (Brown). [ Hricinella.

III. ERICINELLA, Klotzsch.

Pedicels ebracteate. Calyx unequally 3-4-partite or -lobed, one

sepal distinctly larger than the rest. Corolla very small, 3—4-lobed.

Stamens 4-6; tilaments free; anthers free or connate, with or

without basal spurs. Ovary 3-4-celled; style persistent; stigma

peltate. Ovules several in each cell. Oapsule 3-4-celled, 3-4-

valved.

- Shrubs or undershrubs with the habit of Erica; leaves grooved down the

convex back ; flowers very small, in small terminal clusters, |

Distrip. Species 5 or 6, the others in Tropical Africa and Madagascar,

Corolla campanulate, with erect lobes; style much

exserted my oe ie fe (We ... (1) multiflora,

Corolla obconic-clavate, with incurved lobes; style

not exserted ies vee ite sis ... (2) passerinoides.

1. E. multiflora (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 223); very densely

branched ; branchlets puberulous, becoming glabrous; leaves 3-nate,

adpressed, imbricate, including the petiole *—1+ lin. long, + lin.

broad, linear, obtuse, glabrous, ciliate when young; flowers in

terminal clusters of 3-9 ; pedicels 1-1 lin. long, minutely puberulous ;

sepals 4, unequal, minutely ciliate, the larger +— lin. long, linear or

linear-lanceolate, more or less leaf-like, at least at the apex, the

others about half as long and more narrowed to the obtuse apex ;

corolla eampanulate, glabrous; tube 3 lin. long; lobes erect, about

1 lin. long, rounded; stamens 4, equalling the corolla; filaments

2 lin. long, free, filiform ; anthers nearly + lin. long and as’ mueh in

breadth at the tup, cuneate-subquadrate, bifid to half-way down, very

obtuse, with awn-like spurs at the base, slightly and very minutely

scabrid ; ovary subglobose, adpressed, pubescent ; style very much

exserted, 1 lin. long; stigma broadly obconic, triangular, + lin. in

diam.; ovules about 8 in each cell. Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii.

697.

Coast ReGion: Queenstown Div.; Winterberg, Ecklon S Zeyher !

2. E. passerinoides (Bolus in Journ. Linn. Sve. xviii. 393); a

densely branched erect shrub, about 2 ft. high; branchlets at first

minutely tomentose, soon becoming glabrous; leaves 3-nate, ad-

pressed, imbrieate, including the petiole 3-1 lin. long, + lin. broad,

oblong or oblong-ovate, obtuse, flat on the face, very minutely ciliate ;

flowers in small terminal clusters of 3-9, drooping; pedicels 3—1 lin.

long, eurved, puberulous; sepals 4, unequal or rarely subequal,

narrowly oblong, obtuse, minutely ciliolate, the larger 2 to nearly

1 lin. long, usually leaf-like at the upper half; corolla obsonic-

clavate, 4-lobed, glabrous, pink (Bolus); tube % lin. long; lobes

incurved, 1 lin. long, rounded; stamens 4, included ; filaments

4 lin. long, free, filiform; anthers nearly 1 lin. long and broad at

the top, broadly cuneate, bifid to half-way down, very obtuse,

Fricinella. | ERICACER (Brown). - 319

with awn-like spurs at the base, very minutely scabrid; ovary

subglobose, slightly 4-grooved, puberulous; style just reaching the

tips of the eorolla-lobes, about 3 lin. long, glabrous; stigma

peltate, + lin. in diam. ; ovules 8-9 in each cell.

CENTRAL Reaion: Graaff Reinet Div.; Koudeveld Mountains, 5000 ft.,

Bolus, 2582!

IV. BLZAERIA, Linn.

Pedicels 3- (rarely 2-) bracteate. Calyx equally 4-lobed or 4-

partite. Corol/a small, tubular or campanulate, shortly 4-lobed, often

4-angled. Stamens 4-6; filaments free, glabrous; anthers usually

much exserted, bipartite, with or without basal spurs, opening by

oblique pores or short slits. Ovary 4-celled; cells 2-5-ovuled;

style filiform, persistent, iong and much exserted, except in one

species, glabrous ; stigma simple or slightly enlarged, peltate in one

aie Capsule loculicidally 4-valved; seeds 1 to few in each

cell,

Shrubs or shrublets, with the habit and foliage of Hrica; leaves usually

grooved down the back, rarely open-backed ; flowers in 2- to many-flowered

umbels, terminal and often head-like or terminating very short axillary branch-

a Rl eo are racemosely arranged along the branches, rarely axillary and

whorled,

DIsTRIB. Species 14, endemic.

I. Anthers spurred at the base,

* Anthers with almost parallel sides down to the

spurs :

Leaves glabrous, but sometimes ciliolate :

Leaves open-backed, 4-1 lin, broad ; corolla

3 lin. long... cae $i tH we

Leaves convex and grooved down the back,

3-4 lin. broad; corolla under 2 lin.

long :

Anthers % lin. long; ovary puberulous (2) fuscescens,

Anthers 4 lin. long; ovary glabrous .... (7) purpurea.

Leaves pubescent or puberulous, at least when

young :

(1) grandis,

Leaves 3-nate; ovary puberulous at the

top:

Sepals and young leaves puberulous, -

without long hairs... ... (3) fastigiata.

Sepals and young leaves puberulous,

beset with long white hairs ... ... (4) coccinea.

Leaves 4-nate ; ovary glabrous Se ... (14) kraussiana.

** Anthers distinctly narrowed at the base above the

spurs :

Corolla yellow, drying blackish-brown ... or £8 ae

Corolla rosy-purple ... (8) dumosa.

II. Anthers without spurs at the base (see also B. flava,

in which they are very minute and

may be overlooked),

320 ERICACER (Brown). _ [Bleria.

* Bracts near or below the middle of the pedicel :

Branchlets minutely greyish-tomentose ; ovary

puberulous at the top... ite ens ... (5) pusilla.

Branchlets and ovary glabrous :

Branchlets nearly straight, not interwoven ;

anthers exserted, } lin. long oti . (9) campanulata.

Branches flexuose, interwoven ; anthers not

exserted, 4 lin. long ... (10) flexuosa.

** Bracts close under and adpressed to the calyx ; ;

branchlets and leaves pubescent :

Calyx ciliate with long hairs, besides glands,

or with a row of hairs behind the glands;

corolla-tube 1-1} lin, long :

Flower-clusters about 2 lin, in diam. .,, (11) affinis.

Flower-clusters 3-4 lin, in diam, .. (12) ericoides.

Calyx gland.-ciliate, without hairs; corolla-tube

2 lin, long itd pis vis dds . (18) revoluta,

1. B. grandis (N. E. Br.) ; laxly branched ; branches 3-10 in.

long, 4-angled, glabrous; leaves 4-nate, varying from loosely imbri-

eate to spreading, 3-45 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad, linear to lanceolate-

oblong, acute, open-backed and very concave (boat-like) beneath,

glabrous, shining green above, opaque and slightly reddish beneath,

with a minutely whitish-papillate surface; petiole } lin. long;

flowers axillary, whorled, forming oblong lax clusters at or

towards the ends of the branches, which often grow out beyond the

flowers; pedicels 33-4 lin. long, 3-bracteate near and below the

middle, apparently angular, minutely puberulous; bracts 2—1 lin.

long, lanceolate, acute, convolute, glabrous; sepals free,*2 lin.

long, 2—% lin. broad, ncaa) acute, acutely keeled, glabrous ;

corolla pabrows ; ; tube 23-23 lin. long, obscurely 4-angled ; lobes

erect, about } lin. long, deltoid-ovate, acute ; stamens 4 ; filaments

flat ; "anthers" partly exaerted, rather more than 1 lin. long, linear,

with almost parallel sides down to the base, glabrous, with short

puberulous basal spurs; ovary oblong-obovoid, 4-angled, puberulous

on the apical part ; ovules 4-5 in each cell; style 3 lin, long ; stigma

simple. .

Coast Reeion: Uitenhage Div.; Van Stadens Mountains, Zeyher, 718!

West in Herb. MacOwan, 3111! 3119!

2. B. fuscescens (Klotzsch in Linnea, viii. 657) ; an erect shrub,

1-3 ft. high ; branches erect, ee or minutely subtomentose ;

leaves 3-nate, 3 $—2 lin. long, 1—3 lin. broad, linear, acute or subacute,

erect or spreading, with adpressed petioles up to 1 lin. long,

glabrous ; umbels 2—4-flowered, terminating very short branchlets,

which are racemosely arranged along the branches ; pedicels 14 lin.

long, puberulous; bracts +—} lin. long, oblong-lanceolate, acute,

glabrous, minutely ciliate, the upper distant from the calyx but

seated above the middle of the pedicel ; sepals free, 3-14 lin. long,

coriaceous, lanceolate, acute, keeled down the back, minutely ciliate ;

corolla white, glabrous; tube 1-14 lin. long, tubular or tubular-

campanulate, not angular; lobes 4 lin. long, broadly ovate-oblong,

Bleria.] ERICACEZ (Brown). 321

very obtuse, spreading; stamens 4, exserted ; anthers 2 lin. long,

oblong, with nearly parallel sides down to the spurs, black or dark

brown, smooth, with scabrid basal spurs, 3-1 lin. long; ovary

oblong, 4-angled, puberulous, with 2-3 ovules in each eell; style

exserted beyond the anthers, 11—2 lin. long; stigma simple. Benth.

in DC. Prodr. vii. 697. Erica sagittata, Klotzsch ex Benth.

ie DC. Prodr. vii. 681. Blairia fuscescens, Dietr. Syn. Pl. i,

Soutn ArFRicA: without precise locality, Reeves! Miller! Mund &

Maire!

Coast Reeton : George Div.; on Cradock Berg (Post Berg), near George,

Burchell, 5910! Prior! Galpin, 83717! Knysna Div. ; Zitzikamma, Pappe /

Uitenhage Div. ; Vanstaden Berg, Drége, ex Bentham.

The type of Erica sagittata, Klotzsch, in the Berlin Herbarium has been

examined by Dr. H. Bolus, who informs me that there is only a single imperfect

flower upon the specimen, but that there can be no doubt of its identity with

Bleria fuscescens, Klotzsch.

3. B. fastigiata (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 697) ; an erect shrub,

about 2 ft. high, densely much branched ; branchlets short, crowded

along the primary and secondary branches in a dense spike-like

manner, pubescent; leaves 3-nate, crowded, 3—1 lin. long, linear,

obtuse, finely puberulous, ineurved-spreading, with short adpressed

petioles; umbels 2—6-flowered, terminating the short lateral branch-

lets, and forming paniculate or racemiform masses ; pedicels {—1 lin.

long, puberulous; bracts seated below the middle of the pedicel,

upper pair very minute; sepals free, 1-2 lin. long, linear, obtuse,

puberulous ; corolla 11-14 lin. long, tubular, 4-angled, puberulous ;

lobes very short, rounded, erect ; stamens 4, exserted ; anthers 3 lin.

long, linear-oblong, sides parallel down to the spurs, minutely

scabrid, with slightly diverging basal spurs nearly half as long as

the cells ; ovary narrowly obovoid, 4-angled, puberulous at the top;

ovules about 2 in each cell; style 13—2 lin. long, exserted.

Coast Rraion : Swellendam Div.; summit of a mountain peak near Swel-

lendam, Burchell, 7331! mountains near Swellendam, 2000 ft., MacOwan,

1671!

4. B. coccinea (Klotzsch in Linnea, viii. 657); a shrub, 3-4 ft.

high (Masson) ; branchlets erect, crowded, at first pilose, becoming

glabrous ; leaves 8-nate, 14-12 lin. long, linear or linear-lanceolate,

obtuse, margins and tips thinly beset with long white hairs,

at least when young, minutely greyish-puberulous beneath ;

umbels 2-G6-flowered, terminal on very short racemosely arranged

branchlets ; pedicels 2-1 lin. long, puberulous, bracteate at or below

the middle; bracts minute, linear-subulate, fringed or tipped with

a few long hairs; sepals free, 3-3 lin. long, linear or lanceolate,

coriaceous, minutely puberulous, fringed with long white hairs ;

corolla 12 lin. long, * lin, in diam., tubular, 4-angled, minutely

puberulous, red ; Jobes erect, 3 lin. long, rounded ; stamens 4, shortly

VOL. IV.—SECT. I, Y

399, peicacem (Brown). [Bleeria.

exserted ; anthers } lin. long, linear-oblong, with nearly parallel sides

down to the spurs, minutely seabrid ; spurs about 4 as long as the

cells; ovary obovoid, 4-angled, puberulous; cells few-ovuled ; style

12-21 lin. long, much exserted; stigma simple, slightly dilated.

Benth. in DO. Prodr. vii. 697. Blairia coccinea, Dietr. Syn. Pl.

i. 443,

* Sourn AFRICA: without precise locality, Masson, 4! Mund § Maire!

Coast REGION: Swellendam Div.; on the Lange Bergen, 2000 ft.,

Schlechter, 2055! mountains near Swellendam, Marloth, 3527 !

5. B. pusilla (Klotzsch in Linnea, viii. 659, not of Linn.) ; a

bush 6-12 in. high, densely much branched ; branchlets minutely

greyish-tomentose ; leaves 3-nate, erect, straight or slightly in-

curved, }—1 lin. long, with short adpressed petioles, linear, subacute,

keeled down the upper surface, ciliate, otherwise glabrous; umbels

2-3-flowered, terminating extremely short (1~1 lin. long) axillary

branchlets, arranged in interrupted spike-like racemes ; pedicels }—}

lin. long, bracteate below the middle, glabrous ; bracts 3, sometimes

verticillate, 1-1 lin. long, adpressed to the pedicel, linear, obtuse,

ciliate, submembranous ; calyx } lin. long, 4- (rarely 5-) lobed to %

of the way down, glabrous, ciliate on the ovate-lanceolate acute lobes ;

corolla & lin. long, campanulate, 4- (rarely 5-) angled, shortly 4-

(rarely 5-) lobed, glabrous, purple; lobes about as long as broad,

erect, obtusely rounded, often very minutely denticulate; stamens 4

or rarely 5, exserted ; anthers 2 lin. long, obtusely rounded at the

base, without spurs; ovary broadly obovoid, 4-angled, minutely

pubescent at the top; ovules several in each cell; style 1-1}

lin. long; stigma peltate or funnel-shaped. Benth. in DC. Prodr.

vii. 698, not of Linn. nor Thunb.

South AFRICA: without locality, Lichtenslein ! :

Coast Region: Caledon Div.; Klein River Mountains, Zeyher, 3331!

ner epate Div.; hills near Elim, 300-500 ft., Bolus, 8461! 8462! Guthrie,

6. B. flava (Bolus in Journ. Bot, 1894, 239); a shrublet, 6-9 in.

high, much branched, glabrous in all parts; leaves 3-nate, more or

less imbricate, very shortly petiolate, 3-11 lin. long, 1-3 lin. broad,

oblong, subacute ; umbels 3—6-flowered ; pedicels 3-1 lin. long, with

2-3 linear bracts about 4 lin. long below the middle; calyx 4% lin.

long, rigidly coriaceous, campanulate, 4-lobed to half-way down;

lobes oblong, subacute, keeled and slightly grooved down the back ;

corolla 14 lin, long, campanulate, 4-angled, pale yellow, drying dark

brown ; lobes broadly rounded, broader than long, ereet ; stamens 4;

anthers about half exserted, 2 lin. long, distinctly narrowed at the

base above the very short spurs, minutely scabrid; ovary obovoid,

4-angled, crowned by the abruptly dilated cushion-like base of the

style, which forms a sort of cap in fruit, glabrous; ovules 2, pendu-

lous in each cell; style much exserted, 14 lin. long, very slightly

thickened at the apex ; stigma simple.

Bleria.] ERICACER (Brown), 323

Coast Ree@ion: Caledon Div.; on the Zwart Berg, near Caledon, 2500 ft.,

Bolus, 5417! and in Herb. Norm, Austr.-Afr., 611! by the Steenbrass River,

Niven, 6! 7!

7. B. purpurea (Linn. f. Suppl. 122); dwarf, densely much

branched ; branches somewhat trigonous, glabrous ; leaves 3-nate,

adpressed or imbricate, 1-12 lin. long, 1-1 lin. broad, oblong or

linear-oblong, obtuse, very shortly petiolate, minutely ciliolate or

slightly scabrid on the margins, otherwise glabrous; umbels

terminal, 3—-9-flowered ; pedicels 1-11 lin. long, glabrous, bracteate

near the middle ; bracts 1-2 lin. long, linear or the lower enlarged

upwards, glabrous, minutely ciliate ; calyx about } lin. long, 4-lobed

to below the middle, rigid, glabrous, minutely ciliate and sometimes

with glands on the margins of the oblong, lanceolate or deltoid, acute

or obtuse lobes ; corolla 12 (very rarely 13-2) lin. long, 2—1 lin, in

diam., tubular, 4-angled, very shortly 4-lobed, glabrous, bright rosy

purple ; lobes erect, rounded, broader than long; stamens 4; anthers

partly exserted, } lin. long, bipartite nearly to the base, oblong,

with subparallel sides, not constricted above the short subparallel or

slightly divergent spurs, scabrid, dark brown or blackish, deciduous ;

ovary 4-angled, glabrous; ovules 3-4 in each eell; style 12—2 lin.

long, dilated at the base and articulated to the ovary, much exserted,

slightly thickened at the apex ; stigma simple. Murray, Syst. Veg.

ed. 14, 154; Thunb. Diss. Bleria, 8; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 630; Ait.

Hort. Kew. ed. 2,1. 249; Roem. § Schult. Syst. Veg. iii, 169, and

Mant. 107 ; Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 650; Klotasch in Linnea, viii. 658,

and xii. 221; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 804; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

698 (excluding synonyms B. dumosa, Wendl., and Erica dumosa,

Salisb.); Rach in Linnea, xxvi. 788. B. jucunda, Reichb. ex

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 698. B. equisetifolia, G. Don, Gen. Syst.

ili, 805. Blairia purpurea, Dietr. Syn. Pl.i. 443. Erica purpurea,

Thunb. Prodr. 71, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 356. EH. equisetifolia,

Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 342.

Sourn Arrrca: without locality, Sieber, 153! 165! Herb. Salisbury!

Coast Region: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, Thunberg ! Guthrie, 1166!

Burchell, 552! mountains near Muizenberg, Burke ! Stellenbosch Div. 3 Lowrys

Bass, Burchell, 8261! Caledon Div.; Hottentots Holland Mountains, near

Steenbrass River, Bolus, 5420! and in Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 43! Houw

Hoek, Schlechter, 9420! Galpin, 3718! mountains near Genadendal, Schlechter,

9834! Drége.

8. B. dumosa (Wendl. Collect. ii. 3, t. 38); in habit, foliage and

inflorescence exactly as in B. purpurea, but differing as follows :—

corolla 11-12 lin. long, tubular, 4-angled, rosy-purple ; anthers

divided for 2 of their length, distinctly narrowed or constricted at

the base above the short divergent spurs and about half as broad at

that part as at the apex. Roem. § Schult. Syst. Veg. iii. 170;

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 805.

Var. B, i . E. Br.); corolla 1-1} lin. long, campanulate, 4-angled,

purple 3 eae a . - — B. mae Drége ex Benth. in DC. Prodr.

vii. 698, under B, campanulata. ;

324 ERICACE® (Brown). [ Bleria.

SournH Arrica: without locality, the type and var. B, Drége !

Coast Reaion: Paarl Div.; French Hoek, Sehlechter, 10265! Stellenbosch

Div. ; Lowrys Pass, Burchell, 8252! Caledon Div. ; tops of the mountains near

Genadendal, Burchell, 7697! Bolus, 5416! and in Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr.,

612! on the Zwart Berg, near Sandfontein, Schlechter, 10339! Bredasdorp Div. ;

near Elim, Schlechter, 9639! Var. 8: Caledon Div.; mountains near Gennu-

dendal, Bolus, 5419! and in Herb. Norm, Austr.-Afr., 613! Guthrie, 8140!

I retain this as distinct from B. purpurea (which it closely resembles) on —

account of its different anthers. Var. 8 is intermediate between typical 2.

dumosa and B. campanulata in structure, but differs from the latter in the

colour of its flowers and fewer stamens.

9. B. campanulata (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 698) ; plant 6-10

in. high, with erect slender rather straight glabrous branchlets ;

leaves 3-nate, adpressed, very shortly petiolate, }-14 lin. long, {-3

lin. broad, oblong or linear-oblong, subacute, glabrous with minutely

scabrid margins ; umbels or superposed whorls terminal, 3-6-

flowered ; pedicels 2-1 lin. long, with 3 linear-subulate ciliolate

bracts near the middle; calyx 2 lin. long, equally 4-lobed to below

the middle, glabrous ; lobes lanceolate or linear-oblong, acute, rigid,

minutely gland-ciliate ; corolla 1-14 lin. long, 3-1 lin. in diam.,

campanulate, 4-angled, glabrous, white; lobes erect, } lin. long,

broadly rounded ; stamens usually 6, sometimes 5; anthers exserted,

1 lin, long, divided nearly to the base, distinctly constricted at the

base of the cells into a subquadrate truncate spurless base, scabrid,

dark brown ; ovary elliptic-obovoid, glabrous, 4-angled; cells 2-3-

ovuled ; style much exserted, 11-14 lin. long, slightly dilated at the

simple stigma. ;

Coast Recion: Caledon Div.; tops of the mountains of Baviaans Kloof,

near Caledon, Burchell, 7693! 7773!

I do not find the corolla-lobes fimbriate as described by Bentham. The

specimens collected by Drége which were referred to this species by Bentham,

differ in having purple flowers, fewer stamens and spurred anthers. I place

them with others like them as a var. of B. dumosa, Wendl.

10. B. flexuosa (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 698) ; dwarf ; branches

very slender, flexuose and interwoven, glabrous ; leaves opposite or

3-nate on the same plant, adpressed, very shortly and stoutly

petiolate, 3-134 lin. ‘long, linear, subacute, glabrous, minutely

scabrid on the narrowly’ cartilaginous margins; flowers terminal,

solitary or 2-6 in an umbel; pedicels 8-1 lin. long; bracts remote

from the calyx, linear, glabrous, very minutely gland-ciliate ; calyx

lobed to below the middle; lobes 2 lin. long, linear-lanceolate, acute,

coriaceous, keeled, glabrous ; corolla 13-12 lin. long, % lin. in diam.,

campanulate, distinctly 4-angled, glabrous ;. lobes erect, 4 lin. long,

broadly rounded ; stamens 4—5; anthers not exserted, } lin. long,

bipartite, indistinctly scabrid, spurless but with very minutely

projecting angles at the base; ovary 4-angled, glabrous; cells about

4-ovuled ; style equalling or shortly exserted from the corolla, % lin.

long; stigma simple.

Coast Recion: Caledon Div.; near the Steenbrass River, Niven, 6!

Blezria.] ERICACEA (Brown). 325

11. B. affinis (N. E. Br.) ; branchlets slender, compactly sub-

erect, pubescent, greyish ; leaves 4-nate, and including the petiole

4-11 lin. long, 1—} lin, broad, imbricate or slightly spreading, ovate

to linear, acute or obtuse, pubescent with rather long spreading hairs

and glandular ; petiole half as long as the blade; umbels terminal,

head-like, 6-9-flowered, about 2 lin. in diam.; pedicels 3—} lin.

long, villous-pubescent ; bracts 3, adpressed to the calyx, equal or

unequal, 2—2 lin. long, linear, obtuse, ciliate with glands and long

hairs; sepals free, 4 lin. long, } lin. broad, linear or linear-lanceolate,

subobtuse, ciliate like the braets; corolla about 1 lin. long, 3 lin. in

diam., campanulate, not very distinctly 4-angled in the dried state,

glabrous, apparently pink ; lobes scarcely } lin. long, broadly rounded,

erect or slightly recurved at the tips; stamens 4; anthers exserted,

4 lin. long, oblong, rounded in to the filament at the base, spurless ;

ovary subglobose, 4-angled, glabrous; ovules 2 in each cell; style

much exserted, 13-2 lin. long; stigma simple.

Coast Region: Caledon Div.; mountains near Vogel Gat, near the mouth of

the Klein River, 1500 ft., Schlechter, 10418!

This differs from B. ericoides not only in its smaller flower-heads, but the

branchlets are more erect and, including the spread of the leaves, are only

3-1 lin. in diam., whilst in B. ericoides they are usually 14-3 lin. in diam., and

are generally divergent, sometimes very widely so.

12. B. ericoides (Linn, Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 112); branchlets more or

less diverging, at least at their base, villous or villous-pubescent ;

leaves 4-nate, imbricate or spreading, and including the petiole {-2{

lin, long, linear or oblong-linear, obtuse or subacute, pubescent with

rather long spreading hairs often mingled with minute glands ;

umbels head-like, terminal, 6-12-flowered, dense, usually 3-4 lin. in

diam. ; pedicels 1-2 lin. long, pubescent; bracts 3, usually unequal,

adpressed to the calyx, 1-1 lin. long, linear, obtuse, villous-ciliate ;

sepals free, 1—2 lin. long, linear-lanceolate, subacute, villous and

minutely glandular; corolla 13-12 lin. long, $ lin. in diam., tubular-

campanulate, 4-angled at the basal part, glabrous, purple ; lobes 1-1

lin, long, broadly rounded, erect or slightly spreading, with slightly

recurved margins; stamens 4; anthers exserted, 3—-{ lin. long,

oblong, divided almost to the base, spurless, glabrous or very minutely

scabrid; ovary 4-angled, glabrous; cells 2-4-ovuled ; style much

exserted, 13-2 lin. long, slightly enlarged at the simple stigma.

Thunb. Diss. Bleria,7; Wendl. Collect. i. 73, t. 25; Wolld. Sp. Pl.

i. 629; Ast. Hort. Kew. ed.1,i. 149; Roem. § Schult. Syst. Veg. iii.

168, and Mant. 106; Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 649; Klotzsch im Linnea,

viii. 663, and xii. 222; Rach in Linnwa, xxvi. 788 ; G. Don, Gen.

Syst. iii. 804; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 698. B. Jasciculata,

Sieb., § B. scabra, Drege ex Benth. 1c. B. rubra, Hort. ex Steud.

Nomenel. Bot. ed.2, i. 208. Blairia ericoides, Dietr. Syn. Pl. 1.444.

Erica Bleria, Thunb. Prodr. 72, and Fl. Cap. ed, Schultes, 358. FE.

dumosa, Salisb. Prodr. 296, and in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 341, not of

Andr, EE. orbicularis, Lodd. Bot, Cab. t. 153.

326 ERICACEX (Brown). | Bleria.

South Africa: without locality, Sieber, 172! Drege! Bergius, Lichten-

stein, Chamisso §¥ Mund (ex Klotasch).

Coast Rrecion: Malmesbury Div.; Mamre, Baur, 1173! Cape Div.; near

Cape Town and surrounding neighbourhood, Thunberg ! Burchell, 846! Ecklon,

91! 297! Zeyher, 1118! 1118b! Prior! Bolus, 4517! Simons Town, Mrs.

Jameson! Wolley Dod, 2409! 2411! Stellenbosch Div. ; Lowrys Pass, Burchell,

8248! Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek, 2500 ft., Schlechter, 7554! Guthrie, 2283!

Vogel Gat, Schlechter, 10401 !

13. B. revoluta (Bartl. in Linneza, vii. 650); plant 6-12 in.

high, viseid and pilose on the branches, leaves and bracts; leaves

4-nate or irregular, varying from ascending or imbricate to recurving,

11-22 lin. long, 1-1 lin. broad, linear, obtuse ; flowers 6-12 in dense

terminal subglobose clusters; pedicels 1~—2 lin. long; bracts 3,

adpressed to the calyx, unequal, linear or linear-lanceolate, obtuse,

narrowed at the base into rather long curved petioles, glandular and

villous with white hairs whieh are usually longer than those on the

other parts; middle bract larger than the rest, 11-2 lin. long; sepals

free, 1-1 lin. long, linear or tapering from the base, acute, ciliate

with very viscid glands, but without hairs; corolla rosy-purple ;

tube 2 lin. long, 4-angled, glabrous; lobes + lin. long, rounded,

recurved or very spreading; stamens 4; anthers exserted, about

1-12 lin. long, oblong-linear, spurless at the very shortly subcuneate

base; ovary ellipsoid, obtuse, obtusely 4-angled, glabrous ; ovules

3-4 in each cell ; style exserted, 21—2+ lin. long, dilated at the base ;

stigma simple. Klotzsch in Linnea, viii. 668, and xii. 222; Benth.

in DC. Prodr. vii. 698. B. barbigera, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 805 ;

Klotzsch in Linnexa, xii. 246, and Erica barbigera, Salish. in Trans.

Linn. vee vi. 341, ex Benth. lc. Blairia revoluta, Dietr. Syn.

Pl. i. 444.

Coast Reeion : Caledon Div. ; moist shady places at the mouth of the Klein

River, Zeyher, 3317! Klein River Mountains, Ecklon §° Zeyher! near Hang-

lip, Guthrie in Herb. Bolus, 6890! near Hermanus, Galpin, 3722! Guthrie,

4116!

14. B. kraussiana (Klotzsch ex Walpers, Rep. Bot. ii. 728);

plant dwarf, somewhat thinly pilose on the branches, leaves and calyx

with fine short spreading hairs, those on the calyx much longer ; leaves

4-nate, 3-11 lin. long with the petiole, incurved-erect, linear or linear-

oblong, subobtuse, minutely rugose in the dried state; umbels globose,

head-like, nodding, about 4 lin. in diam. ; pedicels 4 lin. long, form-~

ing nearly a right angle with the calyx, pilose; bracts 3, close to the

calyx and all on one side of it, 1—8 lin. long, narrowly linear, obtuse,

glandular and pilose ; sepals free, 3 lin. long, + lin. broad at the base,

lanceolate, acute, glandular.and pilose ; corolla tubular, apparently

pink, glabrous ; tube 14 lin. long, 4-angled; lobes nearly 3 lin. long and

about as broad, spreading, with slightly recurved tips, broadly ovate,

obtuse ; stamens 4, exserted ; anthers nearly 1 lin. long, linear-oblong,

with subparallel sides down to the parallel basal spurs, minutely punc-

tate ; spurs about 1 as long as the anther; ovary globose-quadrangular,

Blzria. | ERICACEHX (Brown). 327

glabrous, with about 4 pendulous ovules in each cell; style 12-18

lin. long, exserted, equalling the stamens; stigma simple. Klotzsch

in Flora, 1844, 824; Krauss, Beitr. Fl. Cap. und Natal. 117.

Coast ReGion: Caledon Div.; at the foot of Babylons Tower, near Hemel-

en-Aarde, 600 -800 ft., Krauss, 973 !

According to the type specimens in Thunberg’s Herbarium, Bleria caduca

(Thunb. Diss. Bleoria, 10) is Erica caduca, Thunb., whilst B. nudiflora (Thunb.

lc. 6), and B. pusilla (Thunb. |.c. 9, as to sheet a of his Herbarium), both

belong to Erica nudijlora, Linn, Sheets 6 and y of B. pusilla may be a variety

of Erica nudijlora, but they differ in being more hairy and have smaller

flowers than is usval in that species. The specimens on all 3 sheets of E,

pusilla have 8 stamens, not 4 as stated in Thunberg, Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes,

348.

V. COILOSTIGMA, Klotzsch.

_ Bracts none. Calyx unequally 4-partite, 1 segment much larger

than the rest. Corolla ovoid or cylindric, 4-toothed. Stamens 4;

filaments linear, glabrous, free ; anthers free, divided nearly to the

base, with parallel contiguous cells. Ovary 2-4-celled, with 1

pendulous ovule in each eell; style filiform, exserted, terminal,

sometimes becoming lateral in fruit by the abortion of a cell; stigma

tather large, peltate or crater-like. —

Heath-like shrublets; leaves grooved down the convex back; flowers in small

clusters.

Distris. Species 4, endemic.

Corolla puberulous

Corolla glabrous :

Branchlets glabrous; calyx § as long as the

corolla... ... (2) glabrum.

Branchlets puberulous 3 calyx 4-7? as long as the

... (1) tenuifolium,

corolla: A

Branchlets slender, subflexuose bes ... (3) zeyherianum.

Branchlets rather stout, straight... ... (4) dregeanum.

1. C. tenuifolium (Klotzsch in Linnwa, xii. 234); branches sub-

flexuose, erect, puberulous, greyish; leaves 3-nate, $-2 lin. long

with the petiole, erect, linear, subobtuse, glabrous, margins obscurely

denticulate or slightly scabrid; flowers axillary and terminal,

usually forming small clusters ; pedicels not more than 4 lin.

long; calyx-segments ciliate, the larger }—{ lin. long, varying

from lanceolate, acute and submembranous, to linear, obtuse and

thick and leaf-like, the rest lin. long, lanceolate, subacute ; corolla

£ lin. long, ovoid, with 4 short incurved subacute teeth, puberulous

outside ; anthers exserted, oblong, with parallel sides and a short

broad notch at the apex, subtruncate and spurless at the base ; ovary

2-celled and compressed, broader than long or 3-celled and trigonous,

glabrous ; style exserted, glabrous; stigma peltate, 4-angled, with

2 central points. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 708.

Coast Region: Uitenhage Div. ; between Vanstadens Mountains and Kra-

kakamma, Ecklon § Zeyher (ex Klotasch), and without precise locality, Zeyher,

328 ERICACE® (Brown). [ Coilostigma.

719! Port Elizabeth Div.; near Emerald Hill, Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 6693!

Alexandria Div. ; Olipbants Hoek, Ecklon S Zeyher (ex Klotzsch). Albany

Div.; Slay Kraal, Zeyher!

2. C. glabrum (Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 708); branchlets very

erect, straight, glabrous, whitish; leaves 3-nate, adpressed, 3-14 lin.

long with the petiole, linear, obtuse, flat above, glabrous; flowers in

axillary clusters of 2—4, subsessile on minute bracteolate peduncle-

like branchlets which are much shorter than the leaves; calyx

unequally 4-partite ; lobes oblong or linear-oblong, obtuse, glabrous,

very minutely ciliate, the longest about 4 lin. long; corolla nearly

1 lin. long, 2 lin. in diam., cylindric, 4-lobed, glabrous; lobes

erect, broader than long, rounded; anthers ‘exserted, 1—% lin. long,

linear-oblong, notched at the apex, obtuse and spurless at the base ;

ovary subglobose, obtusely 4-angled, 4-celled, glabrous; style exserted,

glabrous; stigma crater-like.

Coast Reeion: Riversdale Div. ; between Little Vet River and Garcias Pass,

Burchell, 6875 !

3. C. zeyherianum (Klotzsch in Linnwa, xii. 234); branchlets

slender, subflexuose, erect, puberulous, greyish; leaves 3-nate,

adpressed or imbricate, 3-13 lin. long with the short petiole, linear,

subtrigonous, subacute, glabrous; flowers axillary and terminal,

usually forming small clusters; pedicels 2 lin. long; one sepal

3—% lin. long, linear or spathulate and leaf-like, from a thin dilated

base, the others 1 lin. long, linear, obtuse, glabrous, minutely ciliate;

corolla nearly 1 lin. long, ovoid, with 4 short rounded somewhat

incurved teeth, glabrous; anthers exserted, oblong, with parallel

sides and a short ,broad apical notch, spurless at the base; ovary

compressed, broader than long, somewhat transversely rhomboid,

glabrous ; style exserted, glabrous; stigma peltate, 4-angled. Benth.

in DC. Prodr. vii. 708.

Coast ReGion: Uitenhage Div. ; Vanstadens Mountains, Ecklon Y Zeyher !

Zeyher !

4, C. dregeanum (Klotzsch in Linnwa, xii. 235); about a foot

high; branchlets rather stout, straight, puberulous; leaves 3-nate,

linear, acute, rather thick, glabrous ; flowers axillary and terminal,

subsessile; sepals unequal, the larger sometimes leaf-like and about

equalling the corolla, the others lanceolate, acute, glabrous ; corolla

ovoid, glabrous; anthers exserted, spuriess. Benth in DC. Prodr.

vii. 708.

Souru AFRica: without locality, Drége, 7753.

According to Bentham this only differs from C. zeyherianum in its somewhat

larger leaves and more rigid habit. I have not seen it.

VI. THORACOSPERMA, Klotzsch.

Bracts 1-3, adpressed to the calyx. Calyx minute, equally 4-

lobed or 4-partite ; tube very short or none, rather thin, not angular.

Thoracosperma. | ERICACER (Brown). 329

Corolla very small, ovoid, ovoid-oblong, or subcampanulate, with

4 short connivent or ereet lobes. Stamens 4; filaments linear or

linear-filiform, free ; anthers more or less exserted (except in 7.

puberulum), bipartite, with or without basal spurs; cells opening by

short slits. Ovary 2-4-celled, by abortion 1-3-celled in fruit ;

cells 1-ovuled ; style exserted ; stigma simple or slightly obconically

thickened or subpeltate, always small. Fruit globose, erustaceous,

usually 1—2-seeded, perhaps indehiscent, but not seen mature.

Small shrubs or shrublets with the habit of Erica; leaves flat or convex above,

convex and grooved on the back; flowers small, in small axillary clusters along

the branches, on minute branchlets shorter than the leaves subtending them, or

terminal on short lateral branchlets.

DistRis. Species 6, all endemic.

Corolla puberulous or pubescent. it pig ... (6) puberulum,.

Corolla glabrous: i

Leaves 4-nate, incurved-erect, thinly and minutely

scabrid-pubescent me wea wih ... (4) interruptum.

Leaves 3-nate, glabrous :

Leaves convex on both sides, 3-1 lin. long,

spreading or incurved-erect; corolla not

quite llin.long... iis Kye ;

Leaves flat above, convex and grooved down

the back, imbricate or adpressed ; corolla

14-14 lin. long :

Leaves narrowly-linear, 2-44 lin. long ;

anther-spurs at the base of the cells,

free from the filament ade ... (1) paniculatum.

Leaves _linear-lanceolate or oblong-

linear, 1-2} lin. long; anther-spurs

spreading from the filament below the

cells:

Calyx lobed 3-9 of the way down ;

anthers cuneate-obovate, with

horizontal or upcurved spurs,

sometimes obsolete ses ... (2) Marlothii,

Calyx lobed nearly to the base;

anthers with nearly parallel sides

and descending-divergent spurs.. (3) Galpini.

(5) nanum.

1. T. paniculatum (Klotzsch in Linnea, ix. 350, not of xii. 229) ;

a small shrublet, 1-2 ft. high; branchlets minutely whitish-tomen-

tose; leaves 3-nate, adpressed or erect, 2-4} lin. long with the

petiole, linear, obtuse, flat above, convex on the back, glabrous, not

ciliate; flowers 1-3 together on minute peduncle-like axillary

branchlets 0-2 lin. long or terminal, forming small elongated

clusters at the ends of the branches; pedicels minute, } lin. long ;

bracts 8, adpressed to the calyx, equal or unequal, linear, obtuse,

ciliate with exeeedingly minute glands; calyx nearly } lin. long,

4-lobed to 2 of the way down, glabrous; lobes ovate or ovate-lanceo-

late, obtusely pointed, very minutely ciliate like the bracts ; corolla

11 lin. long, ovoid-oblong, slightly narrowed at the mouth, glabrous,

pinkish-white (Zhunberg); lobes very small, quadrate, truncate,

erect; anthers partly (or wholly ?) exserted, rather more than 3 lin.

long, linear-oblong, spurred at the base, scabrid; spurs free, awn-

‘

330 ERICACEE (Brown). [| Thoracosperma.

like, 1 as long as the anther; ovary ellipsoid, glabrous ; style 14 lin.

long, glabrous; stigma obconieally thickened, truncate. Rach in

Linnea, xxvi. 790. Erica paniculata, Thunb. Prodr. 72, and Fl.

Cap. ed. Schultes, 360. Bleria paniculata, Thunb. Diss. Blerwa, 10.

Simocheilus quadrifidus, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 703.

SoutH AFRIcA: without locality, Thunberg !

Coast Recion: George Div.; Brak River Heights, between Great Brak

River and Malgaten River, Burchell, 6126!

This is the type of the genus and must be very rare, as I have only seen the

above two specimens.

2. T. Marlothii (N. E. Br.); about 1 ft. high; branches erect,

minutely puberulous on the younger parts, brown or greyish ; leaves

3-nate, imbrieate or adpressed, 1-12 lin. long with the petiole, linear-

lanceolate or oblong-linear, obtuse, flat above, convex on the back,

glabrous, not ciliate, flowers 1-6 together on minute axillary

branchlets and terminal, forming short unilateral clusters at the ends

of the branches; pedicels 1—} lin. long, minutely puberulous ;

bracts 3, unequal, shorter than and adpressed to the calyx or 1 lower

than the rest, linear, obtuse ; calyx 4—1 lin. long, 4-lobed to 3 or } of

the way down; lobes ovate, acute, glabrous, ciliate, pink ; corolla

11-12 lin. long, oblong or ovoid-oblong, glabrous, pink or red; lobes

broader than long, rounded or broadly deltoid, obtuse, erect ; anthers

ultimately exserted much beyond the corolla, 12 lin. long, cuneate-

oblong, scabrid, usually with minute awn-like spurs arising from

the filament a short but variable distance below the anther-cells,

horizontally spreading or slightly upcurved, sometimes nearly or

quite obsolete ; ovary subglobose, more or less 4-angled, glabrous ;

style 21 lin. long, glabrous; stigma simple, not thickened.

Centra ReGion, between 4500 and 4900 ft.: Worcester Div. ; Witteberg

Range, near Matjesfontein, Marloth, 2955! 2956! Prince Albert Div. ; Zwart-

berg Range, near Sevenweeks Poort, Marloth, 2976!

3. T. Galpini (N. E. Br.); a small shrublet; branchlets erect,

minutely puberulous, brown or partly greyish; leaves 3-nate,

adpressed, 11-21 lin. long with the petiole, linear-lanceolate, obtuse,

flat above, convex on the back, glabrous noi ciliate; flowers 1-3

together on minute axillary branchlets 4-2 lin, long, also terminal,

forming short unilateral clusters at the ends of the branchlets ;

pedicels 1—1 lin. long, minutely puberulous ; bracts 3, adpressed to

the calyx, equal or unequal, minutely ciliate; calyx } lin. long,

4-lobed almost to the base; lobes ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute or.

subacuminate, glabrous, distinctly ciliate; corolla 14 lin. long,

ovoid-oblong, slightly narrowed at the mouth, glabrous, white or pale

pink (Galpin); lobes very small, deltoid-ovate, obtuse; anthers

half-exserted, not quite 4 lin. long, linear-oblong, spurred at the base,

scabrid ; spurs awn-like, adnate to the filament for about % of their

length then diverging (not horizontally spreading) ; ovary ellipsoid or

Thoracosperma. | ERICACEH (Brown). 331

globose, very minutely puberulous; style 14 lin. long, glabrous;

stigma simple, not thiekened.

Coast REGion: Riversdale Div.; Garcias Pass, 200 ft., Galpin, 3732!

4. T. interruptum (N. E. Br.); a shrublet, 15 in. or more high ;

branchlets pubescent, light fulvous-brown ; leaves 4-nate, incurved-

erect, in distant whorls, 1-21 lin. long with the petiole, linear, sub-

acute, convex on both sides, scabrid-pubescent on the back ; flowers

in terminal clusters ‘of 2-8 on short lateral branchlets; pedicels

4-4 lin. long, bearing 1 large leaf-like bract 1—2 lin. long at its apex ;

calyx 4 lin. long, equally 4-lobed nearly to the base ; lobes erect,

ovate, acute, grooved down the back, ciliate; corolla nearly 14 lin.

long, ovoid, glabrous; lobes about + as long as the tube, obtuse,

connivent-erect ; stamens exserted ; filaments 1—1+ lin. long, glabrous;

anthers 3 lin. long, linear-oblong, with parallel sides; spurs very

short, basal, directed inwards, smooth; ovary compressed-ellipsoid,

2-celled, glabrous; style 2 lin. long, exserted for half its length,

filiform, glabrous ; stigma simple.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Bowie! Ward! both in Herb. Kew.

5. T. nanum (N. E. Br.); a dwarf shrublet, about 6-8 in. high ;

branchlets very minutely greyish-tomentose; leaves 3-nate, }—1 lin.

long with the petiole, imbrieate or rather spreading, linear, sub-

acute, slightly ineurved, convex above, glabrous, not ciliate ; flowers

1-3 together, terminal on the short lateral branchlets; pedicels

about 1 lin. long; bracts 3, adpressed to the calyx, }-} lin. long,

linear or slightly spathulate, thickened and grooved down the back

at the apex, obtuse, glabrous, minutely ciliate ; calyx } lin. long,

equally 4-lobed to * of the way down ; lobes erect, linear, obtuse,

grooved down the back, glabrous, minutely ciliate ; corolla not quite

1 lin. long, subcampanulate or ovoid-eampanulate, glabrous ; lobes

erect, broader than long, obtuse; stamens much exserted ; filaments

1j-11 lin. long, glabrous; anthers } lin. long, cuneate-obovate,

divided nearly to the spurless base, very minutely scabrid, falling

away with about 3 of the filament attached to them ; ovary obovoid,

glabrous, 2-celled ; style 11-15 lin, leng, glabrous; stigma simple,

scarcely thicker than the style.

Coast Region: Uitenhage Div.; Van Stadens River Mountains, Bolus,

1580!

6. T. puberulum (N. E. Br.); branchlets erect, crowded, densely

puberulous or minutely tomentose, greyish ; leaves 3-nate, adpressed

or subimbricate, rarely slightly spreading, 3-1 lin. long with the

petiole, linear, obtuse, convex on both sides, glabrous or very

minutely subseabrid-puberulous; flowers in axillary clusters of 3-5

on minute branchlets shorter than the leaves, crowded together along

the short erect crowded lateral branchlets, in a dense paniculate

332 -ERICACER (Brown). [Thoracosperma.

inflorescence on each main branch; pedicels very minute; bracts 3

or 1, the 2 lateral bracts being always very minute, sometimes

absent, middle bract minute, 3 lin. long, puberulous; calyx equally

4-partite; lobes 1 in. long, lanceolate, obtuse or acute, puberu-

lous; corolla 3-2 lin. long, ovoid, with ceonnivent or erect .

deltoid-ovoid obtuse lobes, varying from exceedingly minutely

puberulous to distinctly pubescent with spreading hairs, purple ;

stamens included; filaments 1 lin. long, doubled upon themselves,

glabrous; anthers nearly 3 lin. long, oblong, with acute tips to the

cells, membranous, smooth, pale brown; ovary tetragonous-ellipsoid

or -subglobose, obtuse, 4-celled, or by abortion in fruit 1—3-celled,

minutely and sparsely puberulous at the top; style 2 lin. long, much

exserted, glabrous; stigma subpeltate. Thamnium puberulum,

Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 223. Coitlostigma puberulum, Benth. im

DC, Prodr. vii. 708.

SoutH AFRICA: without locality, Thom !

Coast Rzr@ron : Caledon Div.; mountains near the Zondereinde River and at

Knoblauch (Knofflochs Kraal) on the Bot River, Ecklon §; Zeyher! mountains

between Caledon and Elim, 700 ft., Bolus, 6763! Bredasdorp Div.; hills near

Elim, 300 ft., Bolus, 6764!

This differs from the other species of Thoracosperma in its puberulous corolla,

and the very different texture of its included anthers, but these characters

scarcely warrant its generic separation. The pubescence on the corollas of

Dr. Thom’s specimens is very different, and might almost be described as hairy,

but I find no structural distinction.

VII. EREMIA, D. Don.

Bracts 3. Calyx 4-partite, rather large proportionately to the

corolla, campanulate ; segments equal or in one species with 1 rather

broader than the rest, ciliate or hairy but not woolly. Corolla

urceolate, campanulate or cup-shaped, shortly 4-lobed, not more than

twice as long as broad. Stamens 8, included, equalling or very

slightly exceeding the corolla-lobes; filaments and the bipartite

anthers free. Ovary seated on a short or thin disk, 2—4-celled ;

ovules solitary in each cell, pendulous ; style usually shortly exserted ;

stigma simple or minutely 4-lobed. uit not seen.

Small heath-like shrubs or shrublets; leaves grooved down the convex

' back, spreading, not woolly ; flowers small in terminal clusters on short lateral

branchlets.

Distris. Species 4, endemic.

Leaves 3-nate :

Calyx shorter than the 14-1 lin. long corolla :

Leaves 1-3 lin. long, hairy or subechinate

on the back; corolla urceolate .,. bee

Leaves }3-% lin. long, at first ciliate, but

without hairs on the back; corolla cam-

panulate ... eee oe

Calyx subequalling the minute corolla ;

Leaves 4-nate, 4-1 lin. long; corolla cup-shaped,

% lin. long Yai vee si see bee .. (4) brevifolia.

(1) totta.

(2) recurvata

(3) parvifiora,

Eremia.| ERICACER (Brown). 333

1. E. totta (D. Don in Edinb. New Phil. Journ. xvii. 156, and

Gen. Syst. iii. 828); a bush, 2-4 ft. high; branches stout, hairy

with rather long spreading hairs or shortly subhispid ; leaves 3-nate,

spreading or reflexed, 1-3 lin. long with the petiole, usually curved,

angular, or ridged and glabrous on the upper side, varying from

with long white spreading hairs to subechinate on the back ; flowers

in compound clusters at the ends of short lateral branches, usually

composed of 2 to several clusters of 2-3 flowers on minute axillary

branchlets ; pedicels 1-1 lin. long; bracts 3, adpressed to the

ealyx, 2~1 lin. long and broad, elliptic-ovate, subacute, glabrous or

puberulous, serrulate-ciliate, white; calyx equally 4-partite; seg-

ments 1-11 lin. long, 2-1 lin. broad, elliptie-oblong, obtuse, white,

glabrous or puberulous, serrulate-ciliate, the cilia often gland-tipped

and minutely hispid ; corolla 14-13 lin. long, with the greater part

included, ureeolate, 4-angled, narrowed from the much inflated base,

but scarcely or not at all constricted below the erect rounded lobes,

glabrous or occasionally very minutely puberulous, white; stamens

about as long as the corolla-tube ; filaments filiform, glabrous ;

anthers + lin, long, oblong, with contiguous parallel cells, spurless,

smooth ; ovary rather broadly and obtusely conical, 4-angled, 4-celled,

thinly or densely covered with long and very fine woolly hairs at the

top; style included or shortly exserted, filiform, glabrous ; stigma

simple, scarcely or but slightly enlarged. Klotzsch in Linnea, xii.

218; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 699. Erica totta, Thunb. Diss.

Erica, 18, Prodr. Pl. Cap. 70, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 348. EE.

pectinata, Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 647. Euremia totta and EH. bart-

lingiana, Rach in Linnea, xxvi. 789.

Var. 8, bartlingiana (N. E. Br.); ovary glabrous, otherwise as in the type

and varying in the same way. E, bartlingiana, Klotasch in Linnea, xii. 218;

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 699. Erica ferow, Salish. in Trans, Linn. Soe, vi.

324. E. totta, Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 647.

Sourn ArFrIcA: without locality, Thunberg! Rowburgh ! Niven! Var. 8B,

Zeyher, 1116! eg

Coast Reaton, between 500 and 3600 ft.; Clanwilliam Div. ; Koude Berg,

Schlechter, 8750! Tulbagh Div,; near Tulbagh, Ecklon SY Zeyher! Guthrie,

2078! near Saron, Schlechter, 10687! Worcester Div.; Hex River Valley,

Tyson, 700! and without precise locality, Zeyher! Malmesbury Div. ; Riebeeks

Cestle, Niven, 83! Var. 8: Tulbagh Div.; near Tulbagh, Pappe! Worcester

Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drége! Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountain, Bolus, 2943 ! French

Hoek, MacOwan, Herb. Norm, Austr.-Afr., 756!

Rach, at the place quoted, refers one of the specimens on sheet a and the

single specimen on sheet 8 of Thunberg’s Herbarium to E. bartlingiana. I have

examined these specimens and find that the ovary of the specimen on sheet B has

a few long woolly hairs upon it and is not quite glabrous, whilst both specimens

on sheet a have densely woolly ovaries. I cannot distinguish them varietally, as

other specimens show various degrees of woolliness; nor can I find any such

difference as is described by Klotzsch and Bentham in the corollas of the woolly

and glabrous forms.

2. E. recurvata (Klotzsch in Linnma, xii. 498); a shrublet, {1

ft. high, somewhat loosely branched and apparently rather straggling

334 ERICACER (Brown). | Hremia.

in habit; branchlets rather rigid, ascending or spreading, very

minutely puberulous and sometimes thinly beset with rather long

spreading white hairs, becoming glabrous, usually greyish; leaves

3-nate, spreading-recurved, }—2 lin. long, 1-4 lin. broad, ovate,

apiculate, thick and rigid, rather more convex above than beneath,

at first ciliate with 8-4 long white stiff caducous hairs on each

side, shining, but at first most minutely puberulous above,

becoming glabrous, flowers 1-3 in terminal clusters; pedicels 4—%

lin. long, puberulous with or without an intermingling of long white

hairs; bracts 8, close to the calyx, usually more or less spreading,

3 lin. long, leaf-like, but often thinner, more acute, and more beset

with long white hairs ; calyx 4-partite ; segments lanceolate or ovate

acute, 2—% lin. long, 41 lin, broad, thinly covered with long

white hairs; corolla 11 lin. long, campanulate, 4-angled, glabrous ;

lobes erect, 2 lin. long, broadly rounded; stamens ineluded ; fila-

ments linear-lanceolate, tapering into the filiform apex, glabrous ;

anthers + lin. long, narrowed upwards, with contiguous cells,

bigibbous in front at the base and dorsaliy spurred, smooth ;

spurs 2 as long as the cells, narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, ciliate,

inserted on the back of the cells at about + above their base ; ovary

ellipsoid or globose-obovoid, obtuse, 2-celled, thinly pubescent at the

top; style 1 lin. long, ultimately shortly exserted, filiform, glabrous,

eae ; stigma simple, not thickened. Benth. in DO. Prodr. vii.

00.

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Blue Mountain, and at Ezelsbank on the

-Cederberg Range, Drége, 2965 !

CENTRAL ReEGion: Ceres Diy. ; at Klyn Vley in the Cold Bokkeveld, 5500 ft.,

Schlechter, 10053 !

3. E. parviflora (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 498) ; leaves 3-nate,

very spreading, trigonous, subobtuse, evanescently scabrid on the

margin ; flowers in terminal elusters of 3, subsessile ; bracts minute,

ovate, acute, close to the calyx; calyx-lobes subequalling the

corolla, oval, carinate-apiculate, glabrous, pectinate on the margins,

white; corolla minute, tetragonous, glabrous; anthers included,

aristate ; ovary obtusely conical, hairy at the apex, 2-celled; style

-exserted. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 700. Erica shalliana, Hort. ex

Klotzsch l.c. 498.

Coast Reeion: Robertson or Swellendam Div.; mountains near Kogmans

Kloof, Ecklon & Zeyher, and hills between Kogmans Kloof and Puspas Valley,

Ecklon § Zeyher, ex Klotzsch.

T have not seen this species,

4, E. brevifolia (Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 700) ; a shrub, 3-4 ft.

high ; branches erect, puberulous, more or less intermingled with

long spreading often gland-tipped hairs or subhispid, greyish ; leaves

4-nate, incurved-spreading, 1-1 lin. long, oblong-ovate, subacute,

thick, flat and glabrous above, openly grooved on the very convex

minutely hairy back ; flowers in terminal clusters of 4 or fewer on

Hremia.| ERICACE® (Brown). 335

short lateral branchlets, subsessile or on very minute pedicels ; bracts

3, adpressed to and equalling the flower in length, the outer or

middle bract 2 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, broadly ovate, acute, partly

covering the rather smaller laterally excised side bracts, glabrous,

minutely gland-ciliate ; calyx 4-partite ; segments about 2 lin. long,

one obovate-spathulate, rather broader than the other linear three,

puberulous, minutely gland-ciliate ; corolla 2 lin. long, cup-shaped,

with 4 rounded lobes nearly twice as broad as long, glabrous; stamens

as long as or very slightly exceeding the corolla ; filaments + lin. long ;

anthers 1 lin, long, oblong, with contiguous parallel cells, bearded at

the base and along the inner margins, opening to 2 of the way down

by very large pores; ovary subglobose, 2-celled, minutely puberulous

on the top; style filiform, very slightly exceeding the anthers,

glabrous; stigma minutely 4-lobed.

Coast REeGion: Mossel Bay Div. ; Attaquas Kloof, Masson, 57! (Niven ?)

85!

Vila. PLATYCALYX, N. E. Br.

Bracts 3. Calyx nearly flat, nearly square in outline, 4-lobed.

Corolla subglobose or globose-ovoid, much contracted at the mouth,

4-toothed. Stamens normally 6, occasionally 5 or 7, exserted ;

filaments and anthers free. Ovary superior, seated on a thin disk,

2-celled, with 1 pendulous ovule in each cell ; style exserted ; stigma

simple.

A small Erica-like shrublet ; flowers small, 1-3 together, terminal, red.

Distris. Monotypic, endemic.

1. P. pumila (N. E. Br.) ; a very small shrublet, 3-5 in. high,

loosely branched; branches slender, clothed with very minute

greyish tomentum ; leaves minute, 3-nate, adpressed, 3-1 lin. long

with the petiole, linear-oblong, obtuse, very thick, subquadrangular,

flattened above and on the grooved back, and slightly at the sides,

glabrous, not ciliate ; flowers in terminal clusters of 2-3; pedicels

2 lin. long, glabrous; bracts 3, at or above the middle of the pedicel,

minute, linear, glabrous; calyx 3 lin. square; lobes or angles

apiculate, much broader than long, glabrous, not ciliate, red ; corolla

11-14 lin. long, inflated globose-ovoid, contracted at the very shortly

4-lobed mouth, glabrous, red ; lobes scarcely } lin. long, very broadly

_ rounded, connivent; stamens more or less exserted. ; filaments

11-2 lin. long, filiform, glabrous ; anthers searcely + lin. long and

nearly as broad, shortly oblong, bipartite, with contiguous parallel

cells, spurless, basifixed, minutely scabrid, opening by minute

pores; ovary compressed-globose, very obtuse, minutely white-

woolly, 2-celled, with 1 ovule in each cell; style 1¢ lin, long,

336 ERICACE® (Brown). [ Platycalyz.

slightly exceeding the anthers, filiform, glabrous ; stigma simple,

very slightly thickened.

Coast Reeion : Riversdale Div.; near Riversdale, Rust, 543!

In general appearance this peculiar plant might be likened to Erica tubercu-

lavis, Salisb., but in structural characters it is distinct from Erica and every

other genus as at present established, and to no genus except Erica does

it outwardly bear any general resemblance. The name is in allusion to the

nearly flat calyx.

VIII. HEXASTEMON, Klotzsch.

Bracts3. Calyx 4-partite ; segments erect, white-woolly. Corolla

elongated-ovoid or inflated at the base and tubular above, 4-toothed.

Stamens 6, much exserted; filaments and anthers free. Ovary

2-celled, with 1 pendulous ovule in each cell; style much exserted ;

stigma minutely capitate or 2-lobed. Fruzt not seen.

A small shrub or shrublet, densely covered with white woolly hairs on the

leaves and flowers, which are in small terminal clusters. |

DistrrB. Monotypic, endemic.

1. H. lanatus (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii, 220); a white-woolly

shrub or shrublet ; branches moderately stout, more or less divergent,

at first covered with a minute tomentum, naked below, densely leafy

on the upper part; leaves 3-nate, densely imbricate, {-1; lin. long,

1-1 lin. broad, linear-oblong, obtuse, slightly incurved, flat and

glabrous above, convex, grooved and white-woolly or glabrous on the

back, densely white-woolly-ciliate ; flowers 1-6 together in terminal

clusters ; pedicels 1-2 lin. long; bracts 3, adpressed to the calyx,

equal or unequal, all 1 lin. long, linear or linear-lanceolate, or the

middle one larger and oblanceolate-spathulate, obtuse or acute,

densely fringed with long white woolly hairs, otherwise glabrous ;

calyx-segments erect and agglutinated to the corolla, about 14 lin.

long, 1~2 lin. broad, lanceolate, ovate or oblong-ovate, obtuse or acute,

densely white-woolly on the margins and sometimes on the back,

very viscid and broadly bordered with a series of papille on the

inner face; corolla 12-14 lin. long, acutely 4-angled, elongate-ovoid

or obovoid or pear-shaped inflated at the base and tubular above,

shortly 4-toothed, glabrous ; stamens 6, much exserted, free ; fila-

ments 13—2 lin. long, linear, glabrous ; anthers }—} lin. long, linear,

bipartite, spurless, dorsifixed close to the base, smooth, opening by

longitudinal slits; ovary compressed-ellipsoid, obtuse, glabrous, 2-

celled; style 21-43 lin. long, exserted much beyond the anthers,

filiform, glabrous; stigma minutely capitate and entire or 2-lobed

and somewhat crutch-like. Evremia lanata, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

700. Erica wxeranthemifolia, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vi. 339.

Bleria zeranthimifolia, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 805; Klotzsch in_

Linnea, xii. 246.

Sourn AFRICA: without locality, Herb. Salisbury! Ecklon J Zeyher!

Guthrie, 4540 ! “

Hewastemon. | ERICACEX (Brown). 337

Coast Region: Caledon Div.; Babylons Tower, Zeyher, 3294! Shaws

Mountain, near Caledon, 1200-1800 ft., Bolus, 9145! Galpin, 3719! and with-

out precise locality, Zeyher /

Salisbury has described the flowers of this plant as having only 4 stamens, but

in his type specimen at Kew they have six.

IX. GRISEBACHIA, Klotzsch.

Pedicels 3-bracteate. Calyx 4-lobed or 4-partite ; tube usually

4-angled ; lobes or segments sometimes unequal in breadth, long-

ciliate. Corolla shortly 4-lobed, often slightly oblique ; tube usually

constricted at or above the middle, with the part above the constriction

cup-shaped or campanulate and the part below it sharply 4-angled,

in a few species without any constriction and funnel-shaped, tubular

or tubular-obconic. Stamens 4, included or rarely slightly exceeding

the corolla-lobes ; filaments shortly and broadly dilated or somewhat

crutch-like at their attachment to the back of the anthers, often

hairy ; anthers nearly or quite as broad as long, with their cells

entirely free from each other, dorsifixed near the base or tapering

into a slender attachment to the filament, contiguous or separated,

with or without basal awn-like spurs. Ovary seated on a disk,

usually compressed and 2-celled, rarely trigonous and 3-celled; style

filiform, exserted; stigma minute, simple or capitate; ovules

solitary in each cell, pendulous. Fruit subglobose, obovoid or

ellipsoid, 2—3-celled ; pericarp somewhat fleshy, indehiscent ?

Shrubs or shrublets with the habit of Erica; leaves grooved down the convex

back; flowers small, pedicellate or subsessile, arranged either in 6—15-flowered

globose heads, which are terminal or lateral and subsessile or on short branchlets,

or only 3-4 together on minute axillary branchlets spicately arranged along the

branches.

Disrris. Species 21, endemic.

Leaves 4-nate: }

Calyx divided nearly cr quite to the base _... (1) ciliaris.

Calyx lobed to half-way down, with a 4-angled oe

tube vse ed ene eee .» (2) hispida.

Leaves 3-nate :

* Corolla-tube distinctly constricted at or above

the middle, puberulous outside and at the

constriction within:

+ Calyx divided to the base :

- § Anthers without spurs :

Sepals about 1} lin. long, ciliate

and hairy on the back with ie

hispid hairs 4-4 lin. long ... (4) Bolusii.

Sepals ciliate with simple or but

slightly hispid hairs :

Young leaves apiculate with

a gland-tipped hair; se-

pals 2 lin. long, ciliate

with gland-tipped hairs :

3 lin. long se: ov (6) apiculata.

Young leaves not apiculate :

Young leaves puberulous,

or not ciliate with

sessile glands :

Sepals 2 lin. long,

VOL, 1V.—SECT. I. .

338 ERICACEE (Brown), [Grisebachia.

with cilia 3-1 lin.

lon wee ... (8) involuta.

Sepals 1 lin. long,

with cilia }-12

lin. long ... (6) velleriflora.

Sepals 1 lin. long,

with cilia 4-4 lin.

hae .. (7) dregeana.

Young leaves glabrous,

ciliate with 4-6 sessile

glands on each margin;

sepals and their cilia

each about } lin. long (8) zeyheriana.

§§ Anthers with awn-like spurs near

the base:

Anthers white (the only species

in which they are so) ... ..« (12) alba.

Anthers dark-coloured :

Sepals 1-1} lin. long, rather

rigidly ciliate with stout

simple or slightly scabrous

hairs As vn ... (9) rigida.

Sepals 4-? lin. long, ciliate

with hispid hairs :

Leaves glabrous ;_ sepals

4-4 lin. broad ... (10) Niveni.

Leaves puberulous or

minutely tomentose

when young; sepals

not flin. broad _... (11) inecava.

++ Calyx lobed 4-3 of the way down; tube

4-angled :

Anthers without basal spurs :

Calyx-lobes ciliate and clothed on

the back with long simple gland-

tipped hairs; ovary slightly

pubescent ve see ... (13) hirta.

Calyx-lobes ciliate and sometimes ‘

clothed on the back with long

hispid hairs ; ovary glabrous... (14) plumosa.

Calyx-lobes ciliate with simple

hairs as long as the lobes are

broad ; ovary glabrous .. (15) pilifolia.

Calyx-lobes ciliate with stout

stiff simple or slightly hispid

hairs not more than } as long

as the lobes are broad; ovary

slightly pubescent .... ... (16) solivaga.

Anthers spurred near the base ... (14) plumosa, var. 8

** Corolla-tube very cbscurely or not at all

constricted at any part; anthers with awn-

like spurs near the base:

Calyx divided to the base; corolla-tube =

puberulous outside: glabrous within ... (17) Thunbergii,

Calyx lobed 4-2 of the way down :

+ Corolla glabrous outside and within:

Flowers in globose head-like

clusters of 6-15 on very short

axillary branchlets or subses-

sile at the nodes, not arranged

in a spike-like manner :

Grisebachia.] ERICACEE (Brown), 339

Clusters 14-2 lin. in diam.;

cilia of the calyx hispid

to the apex, not gland-

tipped... isi ... (18) nodiflore.

Clusters not more than 1}lin.

in diam. ; cilia of the calyx

gland-tipped, hispid on the

lower part ... fox ... (19) minutiflora.

Flowers 1-4 at the ends of ex-

tremely short axillary branch-

lets, which are arranged in

a spicate manner along the

branches ; leaves spreading, re-

curved .., ae ee ... (20) eremioides,

++ Corolla-tube puberulous outside,

glabrous within :

Leaves very spreading, recurved ;

calyx-lobes ovate, puberulous

on the back... ve ... (20) eremioides, var. +.

Leaves ascending or spreading,

straight; calyx-lobes _linear-

oblong, glabrous on the back... (21) similis.

1. G. ciliaris (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 225); branchlets pubes-

cent, flexuose, the ultimate filiform ; leaves 4-nate, adpressed, } lin.

long, elliptic, thinly pubescent, shining ; flowers in terminal nodding

heads; bracts subremote from the calyx, linear, villous; calyx

4-partite ; segments lanceolate, pubescent, ciliate with thick plumose

white hairs ; corolla campanulate, 4-lobed, pink ; anthers subexserted,

spurred ; style much exserted. Bleria ciliaris, Ait. Hort. Kew.

ed. 2, i. 249; Wendl. Collect. ii. 85, t. 49; Roem. § Schultes,

Syst. Veg. iii. 170, not of Mantissa 108; Klotzsch in Linnea, viii.

658; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 805, not of Linn. fil. Blairia ciliaris,

Dietr. Syn. Pl. i, 443.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Herb. Willdenow ex Klotzsch.

Coast Region: Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; Gift Berg, 1500-2500 ft., Drége ex

Klotzsch.

I have not seen this species. Klotzsch also includes Erica plumosa, Thunb.,

in the synonymy, but Rach in Linnza, xxvi. 789, separates that under the name

of G. Thunbergii, and it is possible that the plant of Aiton may not belong here.

2. G. hispida (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii, 226) ; branchlets puberu-

lous, sometimes intermingled with longer hispid hairs; leaves

4-nate, usually slightly spreading, 11-2 lin. long, }—} lin. broad,

linear-oblong, subacute, at first minutely puberulous all over, ciliate

with long hispid hairs and with 2 or more rows of deciduous

Similar hairs on the back, finally nearly glabrous and minutely

echinate-tuberculate ; flowers in dense globose terminal heads 5-53

lin. in diam.; pedicels 4 lin. long, bracteate at the middle ;

bracts applied to the calyx, very unequal, the middle one about

1} lin. long, lanceolate to broadly-ovate, with a thickened leaf-

like tip, the lateral pair shorter and linear or linear-lanceolate, all

minutely puberulous and ciliate with long hispid hairs; calyx

1+ lin. long, obeonic-campanulate, 4-angled, lobed to half-way down ;

840 ERICACEE (Browa).- [ Grisebachia.

lobes 1-1 lin. broad, ovate to orbicular, densely ciliate with long

hispid white hairs and with similar hairs on the back ; corolla

2 lin. long, constricted above the middle, minutely puberulous out-

side on the sharply 4-angled part of the tube, pubescent within at the

constriction; lobes 1—2 lin. long, broadly ovate, obtuse, concave,

incurved, glabrous; stamens rather shorter than the corolla; fila-

ments ciliate with very fine’ hairs ; anthers 2 lin. long and nearly as

broad, scabrous, without spurs; ovary compressed, ellipsoid, very

obtuse, glabrous ; style exserted, glabrous; stigma capitate. Benth.

in DC. Prodr. vii. 701; Rach in Linnea, xxvi.790. Bleria ptilota,

EE. Meyer ex Benth. Le.

Sourn AFRIcA: without locality, Thunberg! Alasson !

Coast ReGion: Clanwilliam Div.; near Zwartbast Kraal below 1000 ft.,

Drege! near the Oliphants River and Brakfontein, Ecklon S Zeyher, ex

Klotzsch. Tulbagh Div.; Witsen Berg and near Vogel Valley, Ecklon & Zeyher,

ex Klotzsch. . ne

3. G. involuta (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 227); branches and

branchlets erect, puberulous ; leaves 3-nate, adpressed or imbricate, |

straight or somewhat recurved, 11-21 lin. long, oblong-linear, sub-

acute, glabrous or at first puberulous all over and ciliate with long

slightly hispid or simple white hairs, but no long hairs on the back,

soon becoming glabrous, with minutely serrulate margins; heads

globose, terminal, 5-8 lin. in diam., 6-—12-flowered; pedicels

4_] lin. long, bracteate at the middle; bracts adpressed to the calyx,

unequal, the larger 11-2 Jin. long, all ovate-lanceolate or the lateral

linear-oblong, glabrous, ciliate with very long simple or very slightly

hispid hairs ; calyx divided almost to the base; segments 2 lin. long,

1 lin, broad, lanceolate-oblong, acute, densely ciliate and more or less

hairy on the back with simple or slightly hispid hairs, 3—1 lin. long ;

corolla-tube 23 lin. long, constricted near the top, sharply angled,

very slightly broadened at the basal part, minutely puberulous out-

side, pubescent on the upper half within; lobes 2 lin. long and

broad, ovate, obtuse, concave, incurved-erect, glabrous ; stamens not

exceeding the corolla-lobes ; filaments hairy ; anthers 2—% lin. long,

broadly cuneate-oblong, spurless, almost hispid-scabrous; ovary

obtuse, glabrous ; style 3 lin. long, exserted, glabrous ; stigma small,

capitate. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 701; Drége, Zwei Pfl. Docum.

72. G. involucrata, Klotzsch ex Drége, l.c. 188. '

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Drége (distributed as Blairiz) 7801!

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div.; Cederberg Range, near Krakadouw,

Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 8680! Bosch Kloof, Drége, ex Klotzsch.

Drége 7801 is the plant described by Bentham, and is possibly the same as

the specimen from Bosch Kloof, although Klotzsch describes the calyx. of that

as being glabrous. ’

4. G. Bolusii (N. E. Br.); branchlets white-puberulous or minutely

subtomentose ; leaves 3-nate, 3-14 lin. long with the petiole, ad-

pressed-imbricate, linear-oblong, obtuse, at first puberulous, minutely

woolly on the margins and ciliate with a few short branched or

Grisebachia.] ericacem (Brown). oe

plumose-hispid hairs, becoming glabrous on the back and minutely

serrulate ; heads globose, terminal, 4—5 lin. in diam., 6—8-flowered ;

pedicels } lin. long, braeteate at the middle and base ; bracts 1-12 lin.

long, the larger one 3—1 lin. broad, broadly ovate or rhomboid, acute,

the lateral oblong, all green-tipped, glabrous, ciliate with short hispid

hairs; calyx 4-partite; segments often somewhat unequal, about

1} lin. long, }—% lin. broad, lanceolate, elliptic-ovate or subrhomboid-

ovate, acute, densely ciliate and hairy on the back with hispid hairs

3-¢ lin. long; corolla-tube 1} lin. long, constricted near the top,

oblong and sharply 4-angled below the constriction, pubescent out-

side and at the constriction within ; lobes } lin. long, ovate, obtuse-

concave, connivent-incurved, glabrous ; anthers 4 lin. long, cuneate,

subquadrate, scabrous, spurless ; ovary obtuse, glabrous ; style 24 lin.

long; stigma capitate.

Coast Re@ion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Cederberg Range, near Pakhnuis, Bolus,

8681!

5. G. apiculata (N. E. Br.); branchlets puberulous; leaves 3-

nate, as long as or shorter than the internodes, adpressed, with

slightly spreading tips, %--1 lin. long, linear, aeute, puberulous, at

first usually with 2-4 minute gland-tipped hairs on each margin and

one at the apex, the latter remaining as an apiculus; heads sub-.

globose, terminal, 1-1 in. in diam., 3—9-flowered ; pedicels $—1 lin.

long, bracteate at or below the middle ; bracts ascending-spreading,

not reaching to the calyx, 3—% lin. long, linear, acute, ciliate with

simple hairs; calyx 4-partite ; segments 3 lin. long, } lin. broad,

oblong-linear, subacute, ciliate and hairy on the back with minutely

gland-tipped simple hairs 3 lin. long; corolla-tube about } lin. long,

constricted near the top, subglobose and sharply 4-angled below the

constriction, puberulous outside and at the constriction within ; lobes

2 lin, long, ovate, obtuse, concave, erect, glabrous; anthers } lin.

long, scabrous, spurless; ovary glabrous, slightly emarginate at the

apex ; style much exserted, 1} lin. long; stigma capitate.

Coast Recion: Piquetberg Div.; mountains near Piquiniers Kloof, 1200 ft.,

Schlechter, 4969 !

6. G. velleriflora (Klotasch in Linnea, xii. 227) ; young braneh-

lets puberulous; leaves 3-nate, adpressed-imbricate, 3-1 lin. long

with the petiole, linear-oblong, obtuse or subacute, at first more or

less puberulous and minutely ciliate with very fine woolly hairs,

becoming glabrous; heads loosely globose, terminal, about + in.

in diam., 4~6-flowered; pedicels 3-1 lin. long, bracteate near

the middle; bracts 2-1 lin. long, with the tips of the upper

pair applied to the calyx and the lower one scarcely reaching it,

lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute, glabrous, ciliate with very

long simple hairs ; calyx 4-partite; segments about 1 lin, long, 5—)

lin. broad, ovate or lanceolate, acute, hairy on the back and ciliate

with simple or slightly scabrous hairs }-14 lin, long; corolla-tube

31-18 lin, long, constricted at the middle, subglobose or oblong-

342 ERICACE® (Brown). | Giisebachia.

ovoid and sharply 4-angled below the constriction, cup-shaped above

it, more or less puberulous outside and at the constriction within ;

lobes 2—1 lin. long, broadly ovate or rounded, concave, erect, glabrous ;

anthers 2 lin. long, cuneate-subquadrate, minutely scabrous, densely

ciliate or somewhat hispid around the inner margins, spurless; ovary

obtuse, glabrous; style 23 lin. long, much exserted, glabrous ; stigma

thickened, searcely capitate. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 701. rica

cilicitflora, Salish, in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 339, ex Benth. Lc.

Bleria ciliciiflora, G. Don, Gen, Syst, iii, 805; Klotzsch in Linnea,

xii. 246,

South Arrica: without locality (distributed as Erica lanata, Wendl.),

Drége!

Coast Rzeion: Clanwilliam Div. ; between Twenty-four Rivers and Oiiphants

River (between Lange Valley and Oliphants River, ex Drége), Drége ex Klotzsch ;

near Clanwilliam, Mader, 181! Leipoldt, 218! Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots

Holland, Masson ex Salisbury, but locality doubtful.

Probably Schlechter, 5127 from Alexanders Hoek in Clanwilliam Div. also

‘belongs here, but the flowers are not fully developed.

7. G. dregeana (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 701); branchlets

whitish-pubescent ; leaves 3-nate, adpressed or imbricate, $—1+ lin.

long, linear-oblong, obtuse or subacute, whitish-pubescent or sub-

tomentose with minute subwoolly hairs, becoming glabrous on

the back; heads terminal, about 3-6-flowered; pedicels bracteate

above and below the middle, pubescent; bracts spreading or

the upper applied to the calyx, 2-8 lin. long, linear-lanceolate,

obtuse, ciliate with hispid hairs; calyx 4-partite; segments 1 lin.

long, } lin. broad, oblong-lanceolate, acute, hairy on the back and

ciliate with simple or slightly hispid hairs, 1—1 lin. long; corolla-

tube 13 lin. long, constricted above the middle, ellipsoid or sub-

globose and sharply 4-angled below the constriction, pubescent out-

side and at the constricticn within; lobes 1 lin. long, ovate, obtuse,

concave, incurved-eonnivent, glabrous ; anthers 3 lin. long, cuneate-

subquadrate, scabrous, spurless ; ovary obtuse, glabrous ; style 12 lin.

long ; stigma small, capitate.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Drége, 7803! distributed as a ‘‘ Blairia.”

8. G. zeyheriana (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 227); branchlets

glabrous or glandular-puberulous; leaves 3-nate, adpressed-imbri-

cate, $—1 lin. long, linear-oblong, obtuse, with 4-6 sessile glands

on each margin, otherwise glabrous, but apparently somewhat

viscid ; heads globose, terminal, 1-1 in. in diam., 4—G6-flowered ;

pedicels }—% lin. long, bracteate at or below the middle; bracts

erect, with their tips applied to the calyx, 2—3 lin. long, subequal

and linear-oblong or lanceolate or the middle one broader and

ovate, thickened and leafy at the tips, glabrous, ciliate with

long simple or slightly hispid hairs; calyx 4-partite; segments

¢ lin. long, 4 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, ciliate with simple

or slightly hispid hairs $ lin. long, and with a few similar

Grisebachia. | ERICACEE (Brown). 343

hairs on the back at the base; corolla-tube 13 lin. long, con-

stricted near the top, ovoid and sharply 4-angled below the con-

striction, pubescent below the constriction outside and at the

constriction within; lobes } lin. long, ovate, obtuse, concave, erect,

glabrous ; anthers 1 lin. long, cuneate-subquadrate, seabrous, spurless ;

ovary subtruncate or subemarginate at the apex, glabrous; style

2 lin. long, glabrous ; stigma small, capitate.

Coast Reaion: Clanwilliam Div.; by the Oliphants River and near Brak-

fontein, Eklon Sf Zeyher, 269! in Berlin Herb.

The description given by Klotzsch is erroneous as to the back of the leaves

being scabrid and the corolla glabrous.

9. G. rigida (N. E. Br.); braneblets puberulous, more or less

intermingled with short hispid hairs; leaves 3-nate, adpressed,

4—]2 lin. long, ovate or oblong, obtuse, very deeply grooved on the

back, slightly viscid, at first puberulous and ciliate with minute

gland-tipped hairs, becoming nearly glabrous on the back and

minutely serrulate; heads globose, terminal, 3-4 lin. in diam.,

3—6-flowered ; pedicels 4 lin. long, bracteate at the middle; bracts

applied to the calyx, all about 3 lin. long, oblong, obtuse, stiffly

ciliate with simple or minutely gland-tipped hairs; calyx 4-partite,

rather rigid; segments 1-11 lin. long, 3-2 lin. broad, elliptic or

elliptie-oblong, obtuse, rather rigidly ciliate with stout simple or

slightly scabrous often flexuous hairs }—} as broad as the segment,

and with or without some similar hairs on the back ; corolla-tube

1 lin. long, constricted near the top, subglobose or ellipsoid and

4-angled below the constriction, puberulous outside and at the

constriction within; lobes 34 lin. long, ovate, obtuse, concave, in-

curved-connivent, glabrous ; anthers nearly } lin. long, with parallel

cells, spurred on the back 4 above the base, scabrous; spurs 4 as

long as the cells, awn-like, spreading; ovary obtuse, thinly puberu-

lous at the top; style deciduous, not seen,

i : ter Div.; near Brand Vley, 1000 ft., Schlechter,

tone PGaleion Di pens Be between French Hoek ca Villiersdurp, 2000 ft.,

Bolus, 5193 ! ;

10. G. Niveni (N. E. Br.); branchlets minutely tomentose or

greyish-puberulous; leaves 3-nate, }—} lin. long with the petiole,

oblong or elliptic-oblong, obtuse or acute, thick, flat on the upper

side and on the grooved back, glabrous, minutely dentate-ciliate ;

flowers in small globose terminal heads of 4-8; pedicels 3—> lin,

long, bracteate at the middle; bracts applied to the calyx, about

$ lin. long, linear, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse or acute, ciliate

with hispid hairs; sepals often unequal in breadth, { lin. long,

4—1 lin. broad, linear, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse or aeute,

hairy on the back and densely ciliate with hispid hairs, which are

shorter than the breadth of the sepal; corolla 13-1} lin. long, con-

stricted at the middle, pubescent with spreading hairs up to the base

344 ERICACEE (Brown). [ Grisebachia.

of the lobes outside and at the middle part within ; tube inflated,

sharply 4-angled; lobes about 3 lin. long, ovate-oblong, obtuse,

erect or slightly incurved ; stamens not quite as long as the corolla;

filaments linear, hairy; anthers + lin. long, with subparallel or

slightly diverging oblong cells, spurred on the back 4 above the

base; spurs awn-like, curved; ovary compressed, very obtuse,

glabrous or pubescent on the top; style exserted, about 1} lin. long ;

stigma simple, very slightly thickened. G. ciliaris, Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 701, not of Klotzsch. .

Coast ReGion: Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland, Niven, 128!

Caledon or Swellendam Div.; near the Zondereinde River, Gill / near Swellen-

dam, 600-800 ft., Mund, 3!

This is the plant described as @. ciliaris by Bentham, but according to

description and locality it cannot be the same as (. ciliaris, Klotasch.

11. G. incana (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 225); branches densely

whitish-puberulous or minutely tomentose ; leaves 3-nate, 3—1 lin.

long with the petiole, } lin. broad, oblong, obtuse or subacute, flat

above, grooved on the convex back, whitish-puberulous or minutely

tomentose ; flowers in small globose terminal heads of 3-6 ; pedicels

+ lin. long; bracts adpressed to the calyx, unequal, the largest 4—2

lin, long, linear-oblong, obtuse, the others linear, whitish-puberulous,

often eiliate with hispid or plumose hairs; sepals 1—2 lin. long, less

than } lin. broad, linear or narrowly oblong, aeute, whitish-puberu-

lous, ciliate with hispid hairs, which are sometimes gland-tipped,

pink (Burehell) ; corolla 14-12 lin. long, constricted at the middle,

pink (Burchell) ; tube ellipsoid, puberulous outside and on the upper

part. within; lobes 4—2 lin. long, oblong-ovate, obtuse, concave,

slightly spreading, glabrous; stamens equalling or very slightly

exceeding the corolla; filaments linear, hairy ; anthers + lin. long,

with oblong nearly parallel cells, which apparently become inverted

and divergent with age, spurred on the back just above the base,

scabrous; spurs awn-like, sometimes 4 as long as the cells and

curved, rometimes almost obsolete ; ovary compressed, very obtuse,

pubescent ; style 12 lin. long, much exserted ; stigma simple, slightly

thickened. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 701. Bleria ineana, Bartl.

in Linnea, vii.650; Klotzsch in Linnea, viii.660. Blairia incana,

Dietr. Syn. Pl. i, 4438.

Soutu AFRICA: without locality, Mund § Maire!

Coast REGion: Worcester Div.; Dutoits Kloof, Drége, 6869! Cape Div.;

Cape Flats, near Tyger Berg, Ecklon, ex Bartling. Stellenbosch Div.; between

Cape Flats and Stellenbosch, Burchell, 8344! Hottentots Holland, Ecklon, ex

Bartling. Swellendam Div. ; mountains near Swellendam, Mund !

Drége, 6869 was distributed under the generic name of Raspalia.

12. G. alba (N. E. Br.); branchlets whitish-pubescent ; leaves

3-nate, adpressed, scarcely or not at all imbricate, 3—1 lin. long,

ovate, elliptie or elliptic-oblong, obtuse, pubescent, at first minutely

serrulate-ciliate on the margins; heads small, subglobose, terminal,

Grisebachia. | ERICACEE (Brown). 345

about 2 lin. in diam., 3-6-flowered, apparently nodding, white;

pedicels | lin. long, bracteate near the top; bracts spreading or

applied to the calyx, 2-8 lin. long, linear, slightly broadest at the

obtuse apex, ciliate with minutely gland-tipped simple or finely

hispid hairs; ealyx 4-partite, white; segments 3—1 lin. long, 1 lin.

broad, linear, obtuse, ciliate and hairy on the back with minutely

gland-tipped simple or slightly hispid hairs about 4 lin. long; corolla

white; tube 14 lin. long, constricted near the top, obconic-oblong and

4-angled below the constriction, very minutely puberulous outside and

at the constriction within ; lobes 1 lin. long, ovate, obtuse, concave,

erect, glabrous; stamens shorter than the corolla; filaments glabrous

or nearly so; anthers } lin. long, cuneate-subquadrate, with minute

awn-like spurs on the back above the base, white; ovary obtuse,

with a few very minute hairs at the top; style 11-14 lin. long,

exserted ; stigma capitate.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Grey !

13. G. hirta (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 226); branchlets rather

crowded, puberulous with an intermingling of short gland-tipped

subhispid hairs; leaves 3-nate, imbricate or spreading, probably

clammy, 1-1} lin. long with the petiole, oblong, obtuse, minutely

puberulous on both sides, ciliate with gland-tipped more or less

hispid hairs and with 2 rows of similar hairs on the back,

deciduous, leaving minute teeth and tuberculate points; heads

terminal, 6—8-flowered, often drooping; pedicels 3~2 lin. long,

bracteate at or above the middle, glandular-pubescent; bracts un-

equal, applied to the calyx, ciliate and hairy on the back with long

gland-tipped hairs, the larger 8-1 lin. long, lanceolate, subacute ;

calyx about } lin. long, campanulate, 4-angled, lobed to § of the way

down, ciliate and hairy outside with long simple gland-tipped hairs ;

lobes 3 lin. broad at the base, elongate-deltoid or deltoid-ovate,

acute ; corolla 11-1} lin. long ; tube constricted near the top, sharply

4-angled and puberulous outside below the constriction, pubescent at

the constriction within; lobes } lin. long, broadly ovate, obtuse,

apparently spreading; stamens ]1]in. long; filaments hairy; anthers

3 lin. long, scabrous, without spurs; ovary compressed, subacute,

slightly pubescent at the apex; style exserted, 1}—-1% lin. long,

glabrous; stigma capitate. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 701.

Coast Recion: Malmesbury Div. ; sand flats near Groene Kloof (Mamre),

Drége, 7795!

I have not seen an avthentic specimen, but describe from specimens distributed

by Drége as ‘‘ Blairia, 7795” named G. hirta, Klotzsch, by Bentham, which

I assume to be correct, and quote the locality as given by Klotzsch, since Drége’s

number is not quoted in his Zwei PAanzengeogr. Documente.

14, G. plumosa (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 226) ; branchlets

puberulous or minutely tomentose and beset with short hispid hairs ;

leaves 3-nate, imbricate, 3—14 lin. long, linear-oblong, lanceolate or

ovate, obtuse, at first puberulous all over and ciliate with long hispid

346 ERICACE (Brown). [ Grosebachia.

hairs, soon becoming glabrous and smooth on the back and serru-

late on the margins; heads globose, terminal, 3-5 lin. in

diam., usually 6—12-flowered ; pedicels 1-1 lin. long; bracts ad-

pressed to the calyx, the larger 3-11 lin. long, linear-oblong, lanceo-

late or oblanceolate, acute, ciliate with long hispid hairs; calyx

about 1 lin. long, eampanulate, aeutely 4-angled, lobed to the middle,

rather rigid; lobes +—2 lin. broad, ovate or broadly deltoid, acute,

ciliate with long hispid hairs, which are occasionally gland-tipped,

and usually with some similar hairs on the back; corolla 13 lin.

long ; tube constricted above the middle, sharply 4-angled and some-

what obovoid below the constriction, puberulous outside, pubescent

within at the constriction; lobes 4 lin. long, broadly ovate, obtuse,

concave, incurved-erect, glabrous ; stamens not exceeding the corolla-

lobes; filaments hairy ; anthers } lin. long, scabrous, without spurs;

ovary compressed-oblong, obtuse, glabrous ; style exserted, 13—2+ lin.

long; stigma small, thickened or capitate. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

701. Erica nodiflora, Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 340, ex

Benth. E. capitata, Salisb. Prodr. 293. Blaria nodiflora, G.

Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 805; Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 246.

Var. B, serrulata (N. E. Br.); anthers with curved awn-like spurs on the

back, just below the middle, otherwise as in the type. G. serrulata, Benth. in

DC. Prodr. vii. 701.

Var. y, seabra (N. E. Br.); young leaves beset with long slightly hispid

hairs on the back, which fall away so that the leaf becomes scabrous with

age.

Soutu Arrica: without locality ; Paterson! Var. 8: Drége, 7802! Var. y:

Thom!

Coast Ree@ion: Clanwilliam Div.; Oliphants River Mountains, 2000 ft.,

Schlechter, 5099! Malmesbury Div.; Saurevelder, near Hopefield, Bachmann !

Paarl Div.; between Mosselbanks River and Berg River, Burchell, 981! Cape

Diy. ; Cape Flats, near Doornhoogte, Ecklon §° Zeyher, and Drége, ex Klotzsch.

Var. 8: Malmesbury Div. ; near Groene Kloof (Mamre), Bolus, 4242!

15. G. pilifolia (N. E. Br.) ; branchlets pubescent; leaves 3-nate,

adpressed-imbricate, 1-13 lin. long with the petiole, linear-oblong or

oblong-lanceolate, or the smaller sometimes ovate, obtuse, rather thin

and flatter than in other species, most minutely puberulous all over

and thinly beset on the back and margins with long simple or slightly

hispid hairs; heads globose, terminal, 3-1 in. in diam., 9-flowered

in the specimen seen ; pedicels 3 lin. long, bracteate at the middle;

bracts unequal, adpressed to the calyx, the larger % lin. long, ovate-

lanceolate, acute, the lateral smaller, lanceolate, semitransparent,

with green tips, glabrous, ciliate with long hairs which are simple or

branched at their tips ; calyx campanulate, nearly 1 lin. long, 4-lobed

to the middle, rather thin and semitransparent ; tube 4-angled,

glabrous; lobes 4—1 lin. broad, ovate, acute, ciliate with simple hairs

2 Jin, long, and usually with a line of short hairs down the back ;

corolla-tube 1 lin. long, constricted near the top, quadrangular-

obovoid below the constriction, puberulous outside and at the con-

striction within ; lobes } lin. long, ovate, obtuse, concave, erect,

Grisebachia. | ERICACEZ (Brown). 347

glabrous ; anthers 4 lin, long, cuneate-subquadrate, scabrous, spur-

less ; ovary obtuse, glabrous; style exserted, about 2 lin. long,

glabrous ; stigma small, subcapitate.

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div.; near Clanwilliam, Leipoldt, 46! in

Herb. Bolus.

16. G. solivaga (N. E. Br.); branchlets minutely subtomentose,

pallid ; leaves 3-nate, adpressed or imbricate, with slightly recurving

tips, }-1} lin. long with the petiole, ovate to oblong, acute or sub-

obtuse, at first puberulous with minute curved white hairs and

serrulate or ciliate with 4-5 short very hispid hairs on each side,

becoming glabrous on the back and minutely serrulate; heads

subglobose, terminal, 23-3 lin. in diam., 6—8-flowered; pedicels

+ lin. long, braeteate at or below the middle; bracts adpressed to the

calyx, one of them 2—% lin. long, ovate or elliptic-ovate, subacute,

with the apical part leaf-like, the others very much smaller, linear,

all very minutely ciliate with hispid or branehing hairs; calyx 3-1

lin. long, campanulate, 4-angled, lobed to less than half-way down,

rather rigid, glabrous, ciliate on the lobes with stout stiff simple or

very slightly hispid hairs less than 3 lin. long; lobes + lin. long,

broadly deltoid, acute and usually green at the apex ; corolla-tube

12 lin. long, constricted near the top, cuneately oblong, sometimes

oblique, 4-angled, puberulous outside and at the constriction within ;

lobes + lin. long, deltoid-ovate, obtuse, concave, erect (or ineurved-

connivent ?), glabrous; anthers + lin. long, broadly obtriangular,

with a broad apical notch, spurless, minutely scabrous ; ovary obtuse,

slightly pubescent at the top, 2-3-celled ; style exserted, 2 lin. long ;

stigma subcapitate.

Coast Rreron: Clanwilliam Div.; Zekoe Vlei, 400 ft., Schlechter, 8480!

17. G. Thunbergii (Rach in Linnea, xxvi. 789); branchlets

moderately stout, minutely greyish-tomentose ; leaves 3-nate, ad-

pressed or imbricate, }—1 lin. long, oblong, subacute, at first minutely

white-tomentose, becoming glabrous on the back ; flowers in terminal

heads of 3-8 on short lateral branchlets; heads often somewhat

crowded ; pedicels 3—% lin. long, bracteate at the middle; bracts

slightly spreading or more or less applied to the calyx, $-$ lin. long,

linear or the middle one oblong, minutely woolly-ciliate ; sepals }—1

lin. long, 11 lin. broad, linear or linear-lanceolate, acute, white

(Thunberg), ciliate with stout simple or slightly hispid hairs longer

than the sepal is broad, some directed outwards and crossing

at the back of the sepal, which has often a few similar hairs;

corolla 11-11 lin, long, very slightly constricted at the middle,

puberulous outside on the sharply 4-angled part of the tube, glabrous

within, white (Zhunberg); lobes } lin. long, broader than long,

rounded, very minutely crenulate, concave, incurved-ereet, glabrous ;

stamens about as long as the corolla; filaments hairy; anthers

about 3 lin, long, with parallel cells, spurred at or slightly above the

348 ERICACER (Brown). [Grisebachia.

base, scabrous; spurs awn-like, curved, nearly $ as long as the

cells; ovary compressed-ellipsoid, pubescent at the obtuse top;

style exserted, glabrous; stigma simple, slightly thickened. Erica

_plumosa, Thunb. Prodr. 73, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 364 ; Salisb. ..

in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 339. Bleria plumosa, Thunb. Diss.

Bleria, 9. B. ciliaris, Linn. f. Suppl. 122; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 631;

Roem. and Schult. Syst. Veg. iii., Mant. 108, not of iii. 170,

Coast ReGion: Clanwilliam Div.; Middel Berg; Cederberg Range, Leipoldt,

741!

Centrat Reaion: Calvinia Div.; Bokkeland, Thunberg ! Bokkeveld Moun-

tains, 8000 ft., Leipoldt,740! mountains near Willems River, 2300 ft., Schlechter,

10974 !

Thunberg describes the leaves of Erica plumosa as 4-nate, but those on his

type specimen are 3-nate. I have examined the type specimen of Bleria ciliaris

in the Linnean Herbarium and find it to be identical with the type of G.

Thunbergii. As Rach states that this is not the same as G. ciliaris, Kl., 1

retain them as distinct species.

18, G. nodiflora (N. E. Br.); apparently about 4-8 in. high;

branchlets pubescent ; leaves 3-nate, adpressed, usually shorter than

the internodes, 1-1} lin. long with the petiole, linear or linear-

oblong, subobtuse, puberulous, becoming glabrous; flowers sub-

sessile, in dense globose heads, sessile at the nodes or terminating

very short lateral branchlets; heads 11~2 lin. in diam., 6—12-

flowered, often 2 at a node; bracts adpressed to the calyx at the

base, with spreading tips 3 lin. long, linear or linear-lanceolate, sub-

acute, ciliate with minute branched hairs; calyx-tube } lin. long,

obconic, not angular, puberulous outside; lobes nearly } lin. long,

spreading, oblong, acute, puberulous on the back, with 3-5 stout

hispid cilia on each margin ; corolla equalling or exceeding the calyx

variable in the same cluster, funnel-shaped or obconic-tubular, not

constricted at any part, glabrous outside and within; tube 2 to

nearly 1 lin. long; lobes 4 lin. long, rounded or shortly oblong,

obtuse, erect ; stamens sometimes slightly exceeding the corolla;

filaments glabrous; anthers 4-1 lin. long, oblong, with parallel

sides, spurred on the back near the base, minutely scabrous ; spurs

awn-like, 1-1 as long as the cells; ovary obtuse, puberulous at the

top, 2-3-celled ; style 1-14 lin. long, glabrous; stigma minute,

very slightly thickened.

CentRAL Re@ion: Ceres Div.; Schoongezicht, in the Cold Bokkeveld,

4500 ft., Schlechter, 10188 !

19. G. minutiflora (N. E. Br.) ; branchlets densely white-puberu-

lous; leaves 3-nate, adpressed, equalling or shorter than the inter-

nodes, 3-1 lin. long, linear-oblong, subobtuse, at first slightly

puberulous in the groove down the back, soon becoming glab-

rous, minutely glandular on the margins, apparently viscid ;

heads globose, lateral on very short axillary branchlets and

terminal, about 14 lin. in diam., 6-15-flowered ; pedicels 4-1 lin.

long, bracteate at the apex close to the calyx; bracts applied to the

calyx, } lin, long, linear, subacute, ciliate with minute gland-tipped

Grisebachia. | ERICACEH (Brown). 349

and simple hairs; calyx } lin. long, obconic or funnel-shaped,

lobed to the middle, pubescent outside; lobes very slightly

spreading, oblong or ovate-oblong, ciliate with gland-tipped hairs

hispid on their basal half; corolla funnel-shaped, not constricted,

glabrous outside and within; tube 3 lin. long; lobes } lin. long,

ovate, obtuse, concave, erect ; stamens about as long as the corolla;

filaments glabrous, doubled upon themselves above the middle;

anthers 1 lin. long, oblong, very minutely scabrous on the outer

margins which are spurred at about } above the base ; spurs awn-

like, 4 as long as the cells, spreading and more or less upcurved;

ovary obtuse, puberulous at the top; style } lin. long, not exserted,

much curved (after fertilization ?) ; stigma simple.

CENTRAL ReEGIon: Ceres Div.; near Klein Vley, in the Cold Bokkeveld,

4000 ft., Schlechter, 10064. !

20. G. eremioides (MacOwan in Journ. Linn. Soe. xxv. 392);

branches erect, straight, pubescent or puberulous, beset with very

numerous short branehlets; leaves 3-nate, crowded, very spreading,

recurved or rarely straight, 1-14 lin. long with the petiole, linear or

rarely ovate, trigonous, subacute, glabrous or at first minutely puberu-

lous, with or without a few gland-tipped hairs on the margins and

back ; flowers 1—4 at the ends of extremely short axillary branchlets,

which are arranged in a spike-like manner along the main and lateral

branches ; pedicels less than 1 lin. long ; braets 3, subequal, adpressed

to the calyx, 1—1 lin. long, linear, acute, ciliate ; calyx 3} lin. long,

campanulate, lobed to or beyond the middle ; lobes subquadrate and

cuspidate-apiculate, glabrous, ciliate with short gland-tipped hairs or

at the lower part with fine simple hairs; corolla 3-1 lin. long, funnel-

shaped, not constricted at any part, glabrous outside and within ;

lobes broader than long, obtuse, concave, erect or incurved ; stamens

4; filaments glabrous; anthers 3-3 lin. long, with parallel but

rather widely separated cells, spurred above the base, minutely

seabrous ; spurs awn-like, +} as long as the cells or occasionally

rudimentary or absent ; ovary more or less pointed and puberulous

at the top; style exserted, 3-2 lin. long, glabrous ; stigma minute,

capitate. Hremia parviflora, Klotzsch in Linnea, xi. 498 ; Benth.

in DO. Prodr. vii. 700; supra, p.334. Erica shalliana, Hort. Berol.

ex Klotzsch l.c. 498.

Var. B, eglandula (N. E. Br.) ; leaves turgidly trigonous, recurved-spreading ;

calyx-lobes subquadrate, subtruncate with a thickened apiculus, closely ciliate

with short simple fine hairs; corolla glabrous outside; ovary densely white-

pubescent on the upper half. : : :

Var. y, pubicalyx (N. E. Br.) ; leaves turgidly trigonous, recurved-spreading 5

calyx-lobes ovate, acute or acuminate, puberulous, ciliate with gland-tipped

hairs ; corolla puberulous outside; ovary thinly puberulous.

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div.; Witsen Berg, Zeyher, 1117! Pappe! near

Tulbagh Waterfall, MacOwan, 2685! and in Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 564!

Swellendam Div. ; hills between Puspas Valley and Kokmans (Kogmans) Kloof,

Ecklon! Var. 8: Clanwilliam Div. ; Cederberg Range at Hzels Kop, 4000 ft.,

Schlechter, 8818! near Clanwilliam, Leipoldt, 1851 Var. y: Tulbagh Div. ;

mountains of Tulbagh Kloof, 1400 ft., Bolus, 5304!

300 ERICACEE (Brown). [ Grisebachia.

CenTRaL Reeton: Ceres Div. ; Cold Bokkeveld, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 8919

(also distributed as 8917)! Tafel Berg, Schlechter, 10091!

I have now (by the courtesy of the Berlin authorities) examined the type of

Eremia parviflora, Klotzsch, and find it to be this plant, The description of

Klotzsch is very erroneous, as the calyx is not subequal to the corolla, but con-

siderably shorter than it, and the stamens are 4, not 8 as Klotzsch states. It is

identical with Zeyher, 1117, except that the leaves are straight, like those of

Schlechter, 10091.

21. G. similis (N. E. Br.); branchlets puberulous ; leaves 3-nate,

ascending or spreading, straight, not in the least recurved, 2-12 lin.

long with the petiole, slender, linear, trigonous, acute, glabrous,

minutely serrulate, or with 2 or more very short stiff or gland-tipped

hairs on each margin ; inflorescence and pedicels exactly like that of

G. eremtoides ; bracts equal, + lin. long, lanceolate, acute, ciliate

with short gland-tipped and simple hairs; calyx lobed to 3 of the

way down; lobes } lin. long, linear-oblong or narrowly oblong-

lanceolate, acute, glabrous, distantly ciliate with 4—5 short gland-

tipped hairs on each side; corolla subtubular, slightly narrowed

but scarcely constricted under the limb, obtusely 4-angled; tube

about § lin. long, puberulous outside ; lobes + lin. long, ovate, obtuse,

concave, erect or slightly incurved, glabrous; stamens subequalling

the corolla; filaments glabrous; anthers 1 lin. long, membranous,

with parallel noncontiguous cells, with awn-like spurs above the

base ; ovary rather broader than long, very obtuse, glabrous; style

exserted, } lin. long, glabrous ; stigma minute, capitate.

Var. 8, grata (N. E. Br.) ; leaves often finely and minutely ciliate on the

basal part; calyx-lobes 4-4 lin. long, oblong-linear and as well as the linear

bracts rather densely ciliate with short simple hairs; corolla narrowly tubular-

funnel-shaped, puberulous on the tube outside; ovary thinly and minutely

pubescent at the top.

Coast Reeion: Var. 8, Clanwilliam Div. ; Cederberg Range, near Sneeuw

Kop and Wupperthal, about 4000 ft., Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 8628 !

CentRaL ReGion: Ceres Div. ; Cold Bokkeveld, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 8896 !

X. ACROSTEMON, Klotzsch.

Pedicels 3-bracteate. Calyx equally 4-lobed nearly or quite to

the base, villous with long simple hairs or beset with gland-tipped

hairs. Corolla hypogynous, tubular or ovoid-tubular and 4-angled

or cylindric, 4-toothed or -lobed, often contracted at the apex by the

lobes being connivent. Stamens 4, hypogynous; filaments linear;

anthers basifixed, wholly or partly exserted from the corolla,

deciduous, linear or oblong, 2-5 times as long as broad, some-

times spurred at the base, with the cells connate at the base for 1-1

of their length, never free, parallel. Ovary 2—4-celled (1-celled in

A. eriocephalus) ; style exserted, filiform ; stigma simple or capitate ;

ovule solitary in each cell, pendulous, Fruit with a thin pericarp,

loculicidal.

Shrublets with the habit of Erica; leaves grooved down the convex back,

mostly more or less pubescent ; flowers shortly pedicellate, in terminal heads,

with the calyx and bracts clothed with long white hairs.

Acrostemon}. ERICACEZ (Brown). 351

Species 9, endemic.

This genus has been combined with Grisebachia, but is readily distinguished

by its anthers alone, which are exserted, basifixed, deciduous, much longer than

broad, and their cells are connate below; whilst in Grisebachia the anthers

rarely exceed the corolla-lobes, are scarcely longer than broad, and their cells are

quite disconnected from each other and dorsifixed near the base or taper into a

slender attachment to the filament.

Anthers with short subulate spurs at the base ; leaves

mostly 4-nate, incurved és ee it

Anthers without spurs at the base :

Leaves 4-nate, not glabrous on the back when

young; corolla glabrous :

Bracts 3; calyx lobed to 3 or to the base;

anthers very much longer than broad :

Middle bract leaf-like, 2-8 times as long

as the small or minute lateral pair :

Leaves straight; sepals +. lin.

broad, linear-lanceolate ... (2) hirsutus.

Leaves incurved; sepals + lin.

broad, ovate or ovate-lanceolate . (3) incurvus,

Middle bract not twice as long as

the lateral pair, all similar; leaves

straight ... =i on “ss <

Bract solitary; calyx lobed to about ¢;

anthers as long to twice as longas broad... (5) Schlechteri,

Leaves 3-nate :

Leaves glabrous and smooth on the back ;

corolla glabrous :

Young leaves ciliate with long white

hairs; calyx-segments oblong-lanceo-

late, obtuse... we vs oe

Young leaves edged with minute sessile

glands and sometimes tipped with a

few hairs; calyx-segments ovate,

acute eae eee see eee cor

Leaves not glabrous on the back, at least

when young; corolla puberulous outside :

Hairs on the leaves and calyx gland-

tipped; staminal-filaments glabrous... (8) viscidus.

Hairs on the leaves and calyx not

gland - tipped ;; —_ staminal - filaments

hairy... eas eee

(1) concinnus.

(4) glandulosus.

(6) incanus.

(7) equisetoides.

= (9) eriocephalus.

1, A. concinnus (N. E. Br.); branchlets pubescent or finely

_ pilose with more or less deflexed hairs; leaves 4-nate, or on lateral

flowering branchlets sometimes 3-nate, usually shorter than the

internodes, erect, incurved, 1-12 lin. long with the petiole, linear,

obtuse, tuberculate-rugose on the back, thinly pilose with long fine

white hairs intermingled with subsessile glands when young ; heads

globose, 6-18-flowered ; pedicels }—1 lin. long, bracteate at the apex,

pilose; bracts loosely embracing the calyx, 31 lin. long, the lateral

pair nearly as long as the middle one, linear, slightly enlarging up-

wards, pilose with long white hairs, intermingled with subsessile

glands, clammy ; calyx divided almost to the base ; Segments } lin.

long, scarcely 4 lin. broad at the base, thence tapering to the acute

apex, ciliate with long white hairs and subsessile glands, with a few

352 ERICACEE (Brown). [ Acrostemon.

hairs on the back, elammy ; corolla 14 lin. long, tubular, 4-angled,

glabrous, purple; lobes erect, 1+ lin. long, broadly ovate, obtuse ;

filaments of the stamens 1 lin. long, glabrous; anthers half-exserted,

1 lin. long, linear, spurred at the base, smooth, minutely ciliate on

the inner margins of the cells ; spurs subulate, about 3 as long as the

cells, parallel with or slightly ineurved towards the filament ; ovary

oblong, 4-angled and 4-celled, glabrous; style much exserted, 2 lin.

long, glabrous ; stigma simple.

Coast Rreion: Caledon Div.; on the Zwart Berg, near Caledon, Bodkin in

Herb. Bolus, 9228!

2. A. hirsutus (Klotzsch in Linnea, xij. 228, excl. synonym) ;

branchlets puberulous or pubescent; leaves 4-nate, ascending, laxly

imbricate or shorter than the internodes, straight, 1-3} lin. long

with the petiole, linear, obtuse, thinly pilose or pubescent with soft

hairs, becoming scabrous; heads globose, terminal and on short

lateral branchlets, 4—16-flowered ; pedicels 3 lin. long, bracteate at

the apex; bracts adpressed to the calyx, very unequal, the middle

one leaf-like, 2-1 lin. long, 2-4 times as long as the lateral pair, all

villous with long white hairs; calyx 3—1 lin. long, divided nearly to

the base, villous with long white hairs; lobes 3—% lin. long, } lin.

broad at the base, narrowly linear-lanceolate, acute; corolla 14-14

lin. long, tubular, 4-angled, glabrous ; lobes minute, deltoid, obtuse,

connivent-erect ; stamens much exserted; filaments 11—1% lin. long,

glabrous; anthers 1 lin. long, linear, spurless, smooth’; ovary oblong,

obtuse, 2-celled; style 1 in. long; stigma simple. Benth. in DC.

Prodr, vii. 702. —

Coast Recion : Cape Div. ; mountains near Simonstown, 800 ft., Schlechter,

1074! in Herb. Bolus. Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek Mountains, 1200-2000 ft.,

Burchell, 8048! Zeyher, 3316! Scott-Elliot, 1189! Schlechter, 7408! Bolus in

Herb. Norm. Austr-Afr. 195! Galpin, 3720! near the Palmiet River and near

Grietjes Gat, Ecklon & Zeyher, ex Klotzsch, Bredasdorp Div.; near Elm,

Schlechter, 7715 !

3. A. incurvus (Benth. in DO. Prodr. vii. 702); branchlets

pubescent or densely puberulous intermingled with longer hairs ;

leaves 4-nate, closely placed or loosely imbricate, incurved-erect,

13-21 lin. long, linear, subobtuse, villous on the back with long

hairs which often fall away, rugose, glabrous on the upper side;

heads globose, terminating short lateral branches, 6—9-flowered ;

pedicels 1— lin. long, bracteate at the apex, pilose ; bracts adpressed

to the calyx, very unequal, the middle one 1-14 lin. long, equalling

or exceeding the calyx, leaf-like, incurved, the lateral pair 4—} lin.

long, linear, all villous; calyx lobed to more than 8% of the way

down; lobes 2 lin. long, + lin. broad, ovate or ovate-lanceolate,

acute, villous with long simple hairs on the back ; corolla 14-13 lin.

long, tubular, 4-angled, faintly narrowed at the middle, glabrous;

lobes very small, rounded or deltoid-ovate, obtuse, connivent-ereet ;

filaments 12-2 lin. long, glabrous; anthers much exserted, }—} lin.

long, linear or oblong-linear, spurless, smooth, or minutely scabrous

Acrostemon. | ERICACEZ (Brown). 353

on the margins; ovary subquadrate, obtuse, 3—4-angled and -celled,

glabrous ; style 2} lin. long, glabrous; stigma simple. rica

hirsuta, Thunb. Prodr. 72, and Fl. Oap. ed. Schultes, 358, partly

(sheet B of Thunberg’s Herbarium) ; Salisbury in Trans. Linn. Soc.

vi. 3389. Bleria hirsuta, Thunb. Diss. Bleria, 8. B, Thunbergii,

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 805. Comacephalus incurvus, Klotzsch in

Linnea, xii. 224; Rach in Linnea, xxvi. 790.

SourH AFkIcA: without locality, Thunberg! Roxburgh! Sieber, 152!

Coast Reeion : Tulbagh Div.; mountains near Saron, Schlechter, 10680!

near Tulbagh Waterfall, Bolus, 7583! Winterhoek Mountain, Witsenberg

Range and Vogel Valley, Ecklon § Zeyher, ex Klotzsch.

The descriptions of Thunberg are doubtless chiefly, and that of Salisbury

probably exclusively, based upon the specimen on sheet 8 of Erica hirsuta in

Thunberg’s Herbarium. Salisbury has evidently dissected it and has written

upon that sheet, but not on sheet a, which contains a very poor specimen (the

type of A. glandulosus), with the flowers mostly destroyed. A specimen in the

British Museum, collected by Masson and named Erica hirsuta by Salisbury, is

Grisebachia hispida, Klotasch.

4, A. glandulosus (Rach in Linnea, xxvi. 790) ; apparently

laxly branched; branchlets minutely tomentose; leaves 4-nate,

adpressed or imbricate, *-1} lin. long with the petiole, straight,

linear-oblong, obtuse, flat with a median ridge above, very convex on

the back (not compressed as originally described), shortly pubescent

on both surfaces, ciliate with long simple hairs, and perhaps some-

times with similar long hairs on the back; heads several-flowered ;

pedicels 4-3 lin. long, bracteate at the apex; bracts adpressed to

the calyx, the middle one about % lin. long, not much longer than

the lateral pair, all linear, pilose and ciliate with long simple hairs,

clammy; calyx # lin. long, divided to the base; segments about

x lin. broad, lanceolate, obtuse, pilose and ciliate with long simple

hairs, clammy ; corolla 1% lin. long, tubular, 4-angled, glabrous ;

lobes + lin. long, rounded, erect; stamens 4, much exserted ; fila-

ments nearly 2 lin. long, glabrous ; anthers { lin. long, linear,

spurless ; ovary ovoid, subacute, 2-celled, glabrous; style imperfect,

glabrous. Erica hirsuta, Thunb. Prodr. 72, and Fl. Cap. ed.

Schultes, 358 partly, and Thunb. Herb. sheet a.

Sour Arrica: without locality, Thunberg !

Rach has described the hairs on the branches, bracts and calyx as glandular,

but I do not find them so on the type specimen, they are all simple, but very

clammy. The leaves are also distinctly 4-nate, not 3-nate as Rach describes

them.

5. A. Schlechteri (N. E. Br.); about 6 in. high; branchlets

erect or divergent and straggling, softly pubescent with spreading

hairs; leaves 4-nate, suberect to spreading, 1-2 lin. long with the

petiole, imbricate or shorter than the internodes, linear, obtuse,

straight, about equally convex on both sides, minutely rugulose or

tuberculate and pubescent with short spreading hairs, apparently

viscid ; flowers in globose terminal heads about 3 lin. in diam.,

VOL, 1V.-—SEOT, I. abe

354 ERICACEX (Brown). | Acrostemon.

shortly pedicellate ; bract solitary at the top of the pedicel, adpressed to

and about as long as the calyx, leaf-like, pubescent ; calyx cup-shaped,

lobed to 2 (rarely only to half) of the way down, pubescent all over ;

lobes erect, oblong or deltoid-oblong, obtuse, ciliate with sessile

glands and having a whitish pulverulent patch on the back between

the slightly raised margins ; corolla 1-1} lin. long, tubular, slightly

narrowing downwards, 4-angled, slightly oblique, glabrous ; lobes

erect, broader than long, rounded; anthers shortly exserted, basi-

fixed, about as long as broad, oblong or cuneate-subquadrate, bifid

to half-way, spurless, smooth; ovary 2-3-celled, glabrous; style

1 lin. long, stigma simple.

Coast Reeion: Bredasdorp Div. ; Rhenoster Kop, 50 ft., Schlechter, 10576!

Cape Agulhas, 250 ft., Schlechter, 10559!

The Cape Agulhas plant is much more slender and straggling than the other,

and has a different appearance, but I do not find any other distinction.

6. A. incanus (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 228) ; branchlets rather

stout, whitish-tomentose; leaves 3-nate, closely imbricate, about

1 lin. long with the petiole, 1-1 lin. broad, oblong to elliptic-

ovate, obtuse, glabrous, at first ciliate with deciduous long

white hairs; heads globose, 6-12-flowered; pedicels } lin. long,

bracteate at the apex; bracts adpressed to the calyx, unequal,

obiong-linear, obtuse, 3—3 lin. long, the lateral pair 2 as long as the

middle one, all villous with long white hairs ; calyx 4 lin. long, lobed

to & of the way down, villous with long white hairs; lobes ¢ lin.

broad, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse ; corolla 2 lin. long, often slightly

curved, tubular, 4-angled, glabrous; lobes very small, rounded,

connivent-erect ; filaments about as long as the corolla, glabrous;

anthers wholly exserted, 1 lin. long, linear, spurless ; ovary orbicular-

oblong, obtusely pointed, glabrous, 2-celled; style 24 lin. long,

renee exserted, glabrous; stigma simple. Benth. in DC. Prodr.

vii. 702,

Soutrn Arrica: without locality (distributed as Blairia articulata, L.),

Drége!

Coast Reaion: Tulbagh Div.; near Tulbagh Waterfall, Heklon & Zeyher, ex

Klotzsch.

7. A. equisetoides (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 228) ; branchlets

puberulous ; leaves 3-nate, adpressed-imbricate, 3-1} lin. long with

the petiole, 11 lin. broad, ovate-oblong to linear-oblong, subobtuse,

glabrous, ciliate with minute sessile glands and the youngest some-

times tipped with a few hairs; heads globose, terminal, 6—9-flowered ;

pedicels 2—$ lin. long, puberulous, bracteate at the apex ; bracts

adpressed to the calyx, unequal, the lateral pair }—} as long as the

3_] lin. long middle one, linear-oblong, subobtuse, ciliate with sub-

sessile glands and long white hairs and more or less hairy on the

back; calyx nearly 1 lin. long, divided nearly to the somewhat

flattened base ; segments ovate or deltoid-ovate, acute, ciliate with

subsessile glands and long hairs, hairy on the back; corolla 13-24

_ Acrostemon. | ERICACE® (Brown). 355

lin. long, straight or slightly curved, tubular, 4-angled, contracted at

the very shortly 4-toothed mouth, and faintly narrowed at the

middle, glabrous; teeth broader than long, obtuse, connivent-

incurved ; filaments 11~2 lin. long, linear, glabrous; anthers wholly

exserted, 1 lin. long, linear, without spurs; ovary obtuse, glabrous,

2-celled; style 23-3 lin. long, glabrous; stigma simple. Benth. in

DC. Prodr. vii. 702.

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div.; near Tulbagh Waterfall, Zeyher! Bolus,

5194! Ecklon & Zeyher, ex Klotzsch.

8. A. viscidus (N. E. Br.) ; branchlets pubescent with spreading

minutely gland-tipped hairs; leaves 3-nate, ascending or somewhat

spreading, often shorter than the internodes, 1-2 lin. long with the

petiole, linear, obtuse, ciliate and tipped with gland-tipped hairs,

with 2 rows of similar hairs on the back and sometimes minutely

puberulous besides when young, viscid; flowers 3-6 (or more ?)

together, terminal and on short lateral shoots; pedicels 1 lin. long,

bracteate at the apex, puberulous; bracts unequal, the lateral pair

3~§ as long as the 3-1 lin. long middle one, linear, obtuse or acute,

ciliate and beset with gland-tipped hairs ; calyx divided to the base;

segments $—1 lin. long, linear or linear-lanceolate, acute, ciliate and

beset on the back with 2 rows of moderately stout minutely gland-

tipped hairs; corolla 14 lin. long, narrowly ovoid-tubular, sharply

4-angled, minutely puberulous outside, dull red (Guthrie); lobes

minute, rounded or obtuse, erect; filaments 1-11 lin. long, glabrous ;

anthers + lin. long, partly exserted beyond the corolla-lobes, oblong,

spurless, smooth; ovary oblong, obtuse or slightly emarginate,

glabrous, 2-celled ; style 14 lin. long, glabrous ; stigma capitate.

Coast Recion : Ceres Div.; Ceres Flats, 1500 ft., Guthrie, 2181!

Crentrat Reeion: Ceres Div.; Skurfdeberg Range near Elandsfontein,

4500 ft., Schlechter, 10013!

9. A. eriocephalus (N. E. Br.) ; plant 4-6 in. high, with spreading

pubescent or minutely tomentose branchlets ; leaves 3-nate, spread-

ing or the upper more or less adpressed, 3-2} lin. long with the

petiole, linear to subovate, puberulous and beset (sometimes densely)

with long fine hairs, becoming glabrous; heads terminal, globose,

about 3 in. in diam., 3-12-flowered, very hairy ; pedicels $—} lin.

long, bracteate at the apex; bracts unequal, small or minute, the

lateral pair 2-1 as long as the 1—% lin. long middle one, linear,

densely ciliate with long simple hairs; calyx-segments 1-14 lin.

long, 1—2 lin. broad, linear or linear-lanceolate, acute, densely covered on

the back with long white spreading hairs, and beset on the inner face

with much shorter gland-tipped hairs; corolla shorter than, equalling

or rarely slightly exceeding the calyx, 1-1} lin. long, cylindric,

4-toothed, but appearing subtruncate at the top, puberulous

outside; teeth very small, rounded; stamens shortly or much

exserted, according to age ; mature filaments about 1 lin. long, hairy ;

anthers 1-2 lin, long, linear, To scabrous on the margins,

356 ERICACEH (Brown). [ Acrostemon.

spurless; ovary ellipsoid, acute, 1- (very rarely 2-) celled, glabrous ;

style much exserted, 14 lin. long, glabrous, stigma simple. Minckea

bruniades, and F. eriocephala, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 238. Grise-

bachia eriocephala and G. bruniades, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

702.

Sourn AFRIcA: without locality, Ecklon § Zeyher !

Coast Reeion: Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland Mountains, near

Lowrys Pass, Bolus, 5555! 9928! Caledon Div. ; mountains between French

Hoek and Villiersdorp, Bolus, 5108! mountains near Genadendal, Drege, 7804!

Houw Hoek Mountains, Galpin, 8535 ! Schlechter, 5439!

This plant differs from all other species of Acrostemon in its almost constantly

l-celled ovary, although flowers with a 2-celled ovary certainly occur, and

Klotzsch has characterized the genus Finckea as being 2-celled, but it must be

of rare occurrence, As the ovary has a somewhat oblique appearance as if

1 cell-had aborted, I regard it as a degencrate species of Acrostemon, from —

which it differs in no other character than the ovary. The type of Finckea

bruniades has its anthers faded to a paler brown and more spreading leaves

than in F. eriocephala, but there is no specific distinction, and, excepting the

paler anthers, is identical with Galpin, 3535.

Xa. THAMNUS, Klotzsch.

Bracts 3, adpressed to the calyx. Calyx campanulate, deeply

4-toothed. Corolla hypogynous, suburceolate-ovoid or -obovoid,

minutely 4-lobed at the contracted mouth. Stamens 4, hypogynous,

free, exserted; filaments linear; anthers basifixed, divided to 7 of

the way down, cells parallel. Ovary seated on a disk, at first with

4 compressed angles, becoming globose-obovoid and obscurely angular

in fruit, the grooves between the angles bulging out and disappear-

ing, l-celled, with 4 ovules suspended from the apex of a free

central 4-angled placenta; style exserted, filiform; stigma simple.

Capsule thin, separating into 4 valves. Seeds 4 or fewer by abortion,

pendulous from the apex of the placenta.

A small shrub with the habit of Erica; leaves grooved down the convex

back; flowers small, 1-7 together, axillary and terminal on short lateral

branchlets,

DisrriB. Species 1, endemic.

This genus has been combined with Simocheilus by Bentham and others

following him, but no author appears to have correctly understood the structure

of the ovary, which (together with that of Lagenocarpws) differs from that

of all other genera of South African Ericacew in having a free central placenta,

unattached to the side wall of the ovary. I have examined the flowers of

numerous specimens and always found the ovary to be as above described ; when

young it is sharply 4-angled, with the sides doubled in towards the placenta,

but I cannot find any trace of dissepiments connecting them with it. After

fertilization, the sides bulge out and the angles almost disappear.

1. T. multiflorus (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 235); about 2 ft.

high (Burchell) ; branchlets erect, minutely subtomentose-puberulous ;

leaves 3-nate, ereet, imbricate, 1-3 lin. long with the petiole, linear,

acute, glabrous; flowers subsessile or distinctly pedicellate ; bracts »

Thamnus. | ERICACEE (Brown). 357

subequal and about as long as the calyx-tube or the middle one

longer, linear, subacute, minutely ciliate ; calyx 3-2 lin. long,

campanulate, deltoidly toothed to about the middle, obscurely

8-ribbed, very minutely puberulous, very adhesive to the corolla ;

corolla 1-14 lin. long, subureeolate-ovoid or -obovoid, contracted at

the mouth, glabrous; lobes broader than long, rounded, erect;

anthers exserted, basifixed, 1—8 lin. long, linear, spurred at the base ;

spurs awn-like, pendant, sometimes nearly obsolete; ovary not

longer than broad, with 4 compressed angles, becoming subglobose

in fruit, glabrous. Stmocheilus obovatus, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

703, Thoracosperma paniculatum, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 229,

ex Bentham, l.c., and O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 390, but not the

original plant of Klotasch in Linnea, ix. 350.

Coast Recion: Humansdorp Div. ; hill near the Kromme River, 500 ft.,

Galpin, 3709! Clarkson, Galpin, 3710! Schlechter, 6016! Uitenhage Div. ;

Vanstadens Mountains, Burchell, 4707! Zeyher, 789! 3822!

XI. SIMOCHEILUS, Klotzsch.

Bracts 0, 1 or 3, adpressed to and coming away with the calyx.

Calyx oblong, obconic, campanulate or tubular, sometimes becoming

ovoid in fruit, coriaceous or thick and fleshy or thin, 4-toothed ;

tube 4-angled or 8-ribbed ; teeth usually much shorter than the tube,

sometimes equalling it. Corolla small, hypogynous, much longer

than the calyx, tubular, tubular-campanulate or funnel-shaped, often

curved, minutely 4-lobed, usually more or less 4-angled. Stamens

4, hypogynous, always exserted when mature ; filaments free, linear

or filiform, glabrous; anthers free, basifixed or dorsifixed, divided

nearly to the base, with parallel contiguous cells, with or without

spurs on the back or at the base; cells opening by oblique pores.

Ovary seated on a disk, 2-celled, often becoming 1-celled in fruit ;

style exserted, filiform, glabrous; stigma minute, simple, slightly

thickened or capitate. Ovule solitary in each cell, pendulous,

Fruit usually very small, elongated or ellipsoid, often 1-seeded ;

pericarp usually very thin or in a few species hardened and crusta-

ceous.

Small shrubs or shrublets resembling Syndesmanthus ; leaves often with a

ridge down the middle of the flattened upper side, convex and grooved down

the back ; flowers solitary or 2 to several in a cluster or head, axillary and

terminal.

DisrriB. Species 21, endemic.

In the measurements of the leaves the length of the petiole is always included.

It should be understood that in this and in all other genera of South African

Ericacea, there is no real morphological distinction between the solitary bract

and a floral leaf, but when it comes away with the calyx it has been gy ted

to call it a bract, and when persistent on the axis, a floral-leaf. Bil oa os s

are present, the middle one probably represents the very reduced lea get w =

axil the flower arises, and the lateral pair two bracteoles developed on - sub-

obsolete pedicel, which are sometimes present and sometimes roo e 1p

Species as in 8. glabellus and S. depressus. - The remarkable change in the

358 ERICACFz (Brown). [ Simochetlus.

development of the calyx as the fruit matures in the last 4 species (and perhaps

with them S. quadrisulcus should also be associated), would almost seem to

warrant the retention of the genus Pachycalyx, Klotzsch, for them,

I. Calyx very distinctly 4- (rarely 3-) angled, with

or without a more or less distinct midrib on the flat

or grooved faces between the angles :

* Leaves 3-nate; bracts 3, coming away with the

calyx ; calyx-teeth opposite the angles of the

tube; ovary minutely puberulous at the top,

2-celled :

Calyx-teeth as long as the tube; stigma

minute, peltate, shortly crater-like ... (1) carneus.

Calyx-teeth 4-3 as long as the tube; stigma

simple or obconically thickened :

Leaves glabrous or rarely thinly pubes-

cent on the back; corolla contracted

at the basal third :

Young leaves ciliate and together

with the bracts and calyx-teeth

usually tipped with a few hairs... (3) barbiger.

Young leaves not ciliate, and as

wellas the bracts and calyx-teeth

without a tuft of hairs at their

tips san ‘as see Ks

Leaves finely and shortly pubescent or

puberulous all over; corolla slightly

narrowed just at the base... ... (4) pubescens.

* Leaves 4d-uate; calyx-teeth alternating with

the angles of the tube; ovary glabrous :

+ Stigma simple or very slightly thickened :

Bracts 3, coming away with the calyx ;

calyx-tube glabrous :

Ovary 2-celled, not 4-angled ; calyx-

teeth not ciliate ... ae aoe

Ovary 4-celled, with 4 much com-

pressed angles ; calyx-teeth ciliate (6) piquetbergensis.

Bract solitary (in 7, S. glabellus, 8,

S. depressus, and 10, 8. swhmuticus,

sometimes accompanied by 2 very

small Jateral bracts,) and coming

away with the calyx or 0 except the

floral leaves, which remain on the

axis; ovary 2- rarely 3-celled :

{ Calyx-tube glabrous or only pubes-

cent down the middle of the

grooves or on the ribs between

the angles, often ciliate on the

teeth :

§ Leaves linear or linear-lan-

ceolate; calyx-oblong = or

slightly obconic - oblong, ;

scarcely or but slightly nar-

rowed downwards :

Leaves widely spreading ;

corolla 11 lin. long,

distinctly but not much

narrowed within the }-3

lin. long ealyx... —... (12) patulus.

Leaves spreading to erectly

imbricate ; corolla 14-2

(2) multifiorus.

(5) dispar.

Simocheilus. | ERICACEX (Brown). 359

lin. long, much nar-

rowed within the # lin.

long calyx, with lobes

4-4 lin. broad ... .. (7) glabellus.

Leaves erectly imbricate :

Corolla 14-14 lin.

long, scarcely or but

slightly narrowed

within the calyx,

with lobes about

} lin. broad :

Calyx #-1 lin.

long; corolla

very slender,

¢ lin. in diam. (9) hirsutus.

Calyx 3-3 lin.

long; corolla

4-} lin. in

diam. .., ... (10) submuticus.

Corolla 1-1} lin. long,

cuneately tapering

within the 4 lin.

long calyx, with

lobes } lin. broad .. (13) globiferus.

§§ Leaves usually ovate or lan-

ceolate, occasionally linear ;

calyx distinctly obconic or

obconic-pear-shaped, much

narrowed downwards :

Calyx-tube with very acute

angles and pubescent

along the grooves be-

tween them... . (14) acutangalas.

Calyx-tube with obtuse

angles and usually gla-

brous in the grooves be-

M) tween them v.. (15) consors.

t Calyx-tube hairy or pubescent

ae | over, oblong, oblong-cam-

panulate or ellipsoid-oblong :

Corolla 1}-2 lin. long, the

exserted part from shorter ‘

than to 1} times as long as

the calyx... .. (8) depressus.

Corolla 2-2} lin, long, the

exserted part twice as long

as the calyx .. .. (11) oblongus.

7 Stigma small but distinetly capitate ;

calyx acutely Pes ot M2 long et or

longer than the exse’ part

‘rela a its .. (16) subrigidus.

II. Calyx-tube with a distinct groove

from the sinuses panes oe Sa se

and cut-like in the much e iting 3

anther-spurs basal on . (17) quadrisuleus.

III. Calyx-tube subcircular in transverse section,

obscurely or distinctly 8-ribbed, fleshy, becoming

much enlarged and ovoid or globose-ovoid wii mn

thickened ribs in fruit :

Exserted of the corolla Ser Pee

the omy ne wees neve (18) Mlotesianns

360 ERICACE® (Brown). [ Simocheilus.

Exserted part of the corolla shorter than or sub-

equalling (rarely slightly longer than) the calyx:

Exserted part of the corolla conical-ovoid,

subtruncately contracted at its base by

the connivent teeth of the fruiting calyx ;

stigma distinctly capitate ... sue ... (20) albirameus.

Exserted part of the corolla not conical-

ovoid nor subtruncately contracted by

the teeth of the fruiting calyx; stigma

minute, simple, slightly thickened or sub-

capitate :

Flowering calyx-tube distinctly longer

than broad ; ribs on the fruiting-calyx

not very stout nor tubercle-like ;

anthers spurred = ee ... (19) bicolor,

Flowering calyx-tube scarcely longer

than broad; ribs on the fruiting-calyx

very stout somewhat tubercle-like ;

anthers spurless ss bis ... (21) glaber.

1. 8. carneus (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 236); more than 1 ft.

high, branches and the 1-2 in. long lateral branchlets erect, probably

compact, minutely subtomentose-puberulous, greyish ; leaves 3-nate,

erect, imbricate or shorter than the internodes, 2—11 lin, long, linear

to oblong-lanceolate, subacute, puberulous all over, with a tuft of

much longer hairs at the tips when young; flowers subsessile, 2-6

together, terminal on short branchlets; bracts 3, subequal or un-

equal, the middle one about as long as or exceeding the calyx-tube,

linear, subacute, ciliate with hairs and subsessile glands and tipped

with a tuft of hairs ; calyx 4 lin. long, thinly coriaceous, tubular-

campanulate; tube sharply 4-angled, glabrous or very slightly pubes-

cent ; teeth opposite the angles, as long as the tube, lanceolate, acute,

ciliate with hairs and glands and tipped with a tuft of hairs; corolla

about 1 lin. long, campanulate-funnel-shaped, contracted near. the

base, straight, glabrous (pink ex Klotzsch); lobes about twice as

broad as long, broadly rounded, incurved in the dried flowers but

perhaps erect when living; anthers exserted, basilixed, } lin. long,

cuneate from a slight divergence of the cells, spurred at the base ;

spurs nearly half as long as the cells, slighty flattened, linear-lanceo-

late or sublanceolate, very acute; ovary compressed, obovoid,

puberulous, 2-celled; style twice as long as the corolla; stigma

minute, peltate, very shortly crater-like. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii.

703. Bleria carnea, Klotzsch in Linnea, viii, 661. Blairia carnea,

Dietr, Synop. Pl. i. 443. Thoracosperma carnea, O. Kuntze, Rev.

Gen. Pl. ii. 390. is

‘Coast Reeion: Knysna Div. ; Doukamma, Mund!

Described from the type in the Berlin Herbarium.

2. §. multiflorus (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 236); 2-3 ft. high,

main branches stout, erect, often elongated, densely branched ;

branchlets tomentose, greyish; leaves 3-nate, erect or imbricate,

1-2 lin. long, linear or oblong-linear, subacute, glabrous ; flowers

in small axillary and terminal clusters crowded along the ends of

the lateral branchlets ; bracts 3, minute, 1-1 as long as the calyx-

Simocheilus. | ERICACEA (Brown). 361

tube, linear, obtuse, minutely ciliate; calyx 2 lin. long, thinly

coriaceous, obconic-tubular; tube sharply 4-angled, glabrous; teeth

opposite the angles, t as long as the tube, ovate, acute, minutely

ciliate ; corolla 123 lin. long, tubular, contracted at the basal third,

slightly curved, almost gibbous on one side just above the calyx,

glabrous (whitish, Burchell) ; lobes as long as broad, rounded, erect ;

anthers exserted, basifixed, nearly 1 lin. long, with slightly divergent

cells or somewhat narrowed to the spurred base; spurs awn-like ;

ovary very minutely puberulous, 2-celled ; stigma simple, or slightly

obconically thickened. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 704. Blaria

multiflora, Klotzsch in Linnea, viii. 661. B. aggregata, Wendl., and

B. sessiliflora, Wendl. ex Steud. Nom. ed. 2, i. 208. Blairia multi-

flora, Dietr, Synop. Pl.i.443. Thoracosperma multiflora, O. Kuntze,

Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 390.

Var. 8, Atherstonei (N. E. Br.); probably 2-3 ft. or more high; main stems

or branches erect, stout, densely covered with erect branches and short branchlets,

forming long oblong or oblong-linear masses; calyx 2-2 lin. long, tubular,

obtusely 4-angled, densely pubescent all over; stigma subcapitate ; otherwise

exactly as in the type.

Sourn AFRica: without locality, Mund SY Maire! Miller!

Coast Rereion: George Div.; near George, Prior! near Grootfontein in

Long Kloof, Drége, 7793! Montagu Pass, 2000 ft., Schlechter, 2239! Knysna

Div. ; near the Keurbooms River, Burchell 5164! on the Parde Berg, Burchell,

5188! and without precise locality, Buchanan! Var. B: Caledon Div. ;

“Caledon, R.W.R.,” in the Cape Herb. ! George Div. ; without precise locality,

Atherstone !

3. S. barbiger (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 237); compactly much-

branched ; branchlets minutely tomentose-puberulous ; leaves 3-nate,

imbricate to shorter than the internodes, 1-1} lin. long, glabrous or

rarely thinly pubescent on the back, often tipped with a tuft of

hairs and more or less ciliate when young ; flowers in small clusters,

axillary or terminal on short lateral branchlets, more or less crowded

along the main branchlets ; bracts 3, the middle one usually about

as long as the calyx-tube, tipped with a tuft of hairs; calyx

3-2 lin. long, coriaceous, tubular-oblong ; tube 4-angled, glabrous or

minutely pubescent between the angles; teeth opposite the angles,

4—1 as long as the tube, ovate, acute, minutely ciliate, with or with-

out a tuft of hairs at the apex ; corolla about 1} lin. long, tubular,

contracted at the basal third, straight or nearly so, the exserted part

longer than the calyx ; lobes as long as or rather longer than broad,

ovate or ovate-oblong, rounded at the apex, erect ; anthers exserted,

basifixed, 1 lin. long, with slightly diverging cells or somewhat

narrowed to the spurred base ; spurs awn-like; ovary very minutely

puberulous, 2-celled ; stigma obconically thickened. Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 704. Thoracosperma barbigera, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen.

Pl. ii. 390.

Coast Reaion: Uitenhage Div.; Vanstadens Mountains, Burchell, 4684!

Drege, 7798! Zeyher, 716! 3323! Witte Klip, MacOwan, 1125! Bolus, 9131!

This may possibly be only a local variety of S. multiflorus, but besides other

slight differences, appears to be dwarfer, with less numerous flowers, and the

angles of the calyx are thicker and less acute.

= bole

362 ERICACEX (Brown). [Simochetlus.

4. §. pubescens (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 236); more than 1 ft.

high, branches and branchlets erect, tomentose-pubescent, greyish ;

leaves 3-nate, erect, imbricate or shorter than the internodes,

8-2 Jin. long, linear, subacute, finely and. shortly pubescent or

puberulous all over, usually with the apical hairs longer than the

rest, minutely glandular on the margins when young; flowers very

shortly pedicellate or subsessile, in small axillary and terminal

clusters, which are more or less crowded along the short lateral

branchlets or terminal on very short axillary branchlets scattered

along the main branches; bracts 3, unequal, 1-2 lin. long, linear,

obtuse, puberulous and ciliate with longer hairs; calyx 2 lin. long,

tubular-oblong, sharply 4-angled, thinly coriaceous, hairy, or the

basal third of the tube glabrous; teeth opposite the angles, erect,

2 as long as the tube or less, ovate, subacute or obtuse, ciliate with

rather long hairs; corolla about 11 lin. long, tubular, slightly

narrowed just at the base, slightly curved, glabrous, the exserted

part about as long as the calyx; lobes erect or slightly incurved,

rounded, about as long as broad; anthers exserted, basifixed, + lin.

long, linear or the cells slightly diverging with short pendant awn-

like spurs at the base ; ovary puberulous at the top, 2-celled; stigma

obconically thickened. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 704. Thora-

cosperma pubescens, O. Kunize, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 390.

Coast Reeion : Uitenhage Div. ; near the Elands River, Ecklon § Zeyher !

Described from the type in the Berlin Herbarium.

5. S. dispar (N. E. Br.); branchlets puberulous ; leaves 4-nate,

1-2 lin. long, incurved-erect, about equalling the internodes or laxly

imbricate, ovate to linear, acute or subobtuse, entire or more rarely

with a very few minute marginal teeth, glabrous ; flowers subsessile,

3-8 in a cluster, terminal ; bracts 3, unequal, linear, acute, glabrous,

not ciliate, the middle one at least 3 as long as the calyx-tube ;

calyx nearly 1 lin. long, obconic, somewhat oblique, rigidly coria-

ceous ; tube sharply 4-angled, glabrous ; teeth connivent, alternating

with the angles, scarcely } as long as the tube, broadly deltoid, acute,

not ciliate ; corolla 14 lin. long, tubular, scarcely or but slightly

narrowing downwards, glabrous, the exserted part about as long as

the calyx ; lobes erect, as long as broad, deltoid-ovate, emarginate or

obtusely bifid ; anthers exserted, basifixed, oblong, spurless; ovary

glabrous, 2-celled ; stigma simple.

Coast Region: Riversdale Div. ; near Riversdale, Rust, 557 !

6. S. piquetbergensis (N. E. Brown); a small rigid shrublet,

4-1 ft. high; branches subtomentose-puberulous, greyish, becoming

brown and glabrous ; leaves 4-nate, erectly imbrieate, 2-21 lin. long,

linear, acute, minutely tuberculate-scabrid, pilose with white hairs

when young, becoming nearly or quite glabrous; flowers 6 to many

in terminal heads 3-5 lin. in diam., on short lateral branchlets ;

bracts 3, the middle one leaf-like nearly or quite as long as the calyx-

tube, the others not half as long, more or less ciliate or with hairs

Simochetlus. | ERICACEE (Brown). 363

at the tips and usually with sessile glands on the edges ; calyx rather

more than 1 lin. long, 4-angled, rigidly coriaceous or somewhat

fieshy ; tube with rather thick obtuse angles, glabrous; teeth alter-

nating with the angles, } as long as the tube, erect, broadly deltoid,

acute, ciliate with hairs and sessile glands; corolla 21—22 lin. long,

tubular, straight or nearly so, purple, the exserted part a little longer

than the calyx; lobes about as long as broad, rounded; anthers

exserted, basifixed, 2 lin. long, oblong, spurless; ovary with 4 com-

pressed angles, 4-celled, with 1 ovule in each cell, glabrous; stigma

simple.

Coast ReGion: Piquetberg Div.; Piquet Berg, 2200 ft., Guthrie, 2661 !

7. §. glabellus (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 704); branchlets

varying trom pubescent with rather long white hairs to puberulous ;

leaves 4-nate, usually spreading or occasionally imbricate, 1—3 lin.

long, straight or slightly recurving, linear or linear-lanceolate, obtuse,

often paler in colour and somewhat callus-like at the tips, glabrous

and smooth or minutely scabrid-tuberculate, or thinly pilose, all

forms sometimes present on the same specimen, minutely denticu-

late, sometimes ciliate or with a few hairs at the tips or with sessile

glands on the margins ; flowers subsessile, few or many in terminal

heads 3—4 lin. in diam. on short lateral branchlets of longer branch-

lets, often more or less crowded together; bracts solitary or some-

times accompanied by 2 minute lateral bracts, from half as long as

to equalling the calyx, glabrous, sometimes slightly ciliate; calyx

about % lin. long, slightly obeonic-oblong, coriaceous ; tube 4-angled,

with slight ribs alternating with the rounded angles, glabrous ; teeth

alternating with the angles, nearly half the length of tube, deltoid,

acute, erect, with or without cilia; corolla 14-2 lin. long, tubular,

much narrowed within the calyx, glabrous, the exserted part dis-

tinctly longer than the ealyx in the typical form, in others about

equalling or shorter than it; lobes {—-3 lin. broad, erect, rounded ;

anthers exserted, basifixed, 2—% lin. long, spurred or rarely spurless

at the base ; spurs awn-like ; ovary glabrous ; stigma simple. rica

glabella, Thunb. Prodr. 73, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 364. LE.

fasciculata, Thunb. Prodr. 71, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 357.

E. scabra, Thunb. Prodr. 72, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 357.

E. embolifera, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 340. H. exilis,

Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 340. E. africana pumila, fe.

Seba, Thes. i. 30, t. 20, fig. 2. Bleria pusilla, Linn. Mant. i. 39 ;

Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iti. 169; Dietr. Synop. Pl. i, 443.

B. purpurea, Berg. Pl. Cap. 34. B. glabella, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 631;

Thunb. Diss. Bleria, 8; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 170;

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 805. B. glabella, var. thunbergiana, Klotzsch

in Linnea, viii. 662. B. fasciculata, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 629; Thunb,

Diss. Bleria, 7; Roem. § Schultes, Syst. Veg. in. 169; G. Don, Gen.

Syst. iii, 804. B. scabra, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 629 ; Thunb. Diss. Bleria,

7: Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. ii. 169; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 804,

not of Wendl. B.capitata, Thunb. Herb. ex Rach in Linnea, xxvi.

364 ERICACEE (Brown). [ Simocheilus.

791. Blairia glabella, Dietr. Syn. Pl. i. 448. Octogonia glabella,

var. thunbergiana, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 233 ; Rach in Linnea,

xxvi. 791. O. glabella, var. mutica, Rach, l.c. Thoracosperma glabella,

T. fasciculata, and T. scabra, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 390, 391.

SourH ArricaA: without locality, Thunberg! Bergius! Herb. Salisbury!

Sieber, 153! 155! 178! Miller! Mund!

Coast Rxeron: Cape Div.; able Mountain and other mountains near Cape

Town, Thunberg! Burchell, 8405! Ecklon, 105! Milne, 108! MacGillivray,

457! Prior! Bolus, 2970! 3714! 4909! 4944! 4994! 7905! 8048! Wolley

Dod, 1289! 2686! Guthrie, 1460! Wilms, 3401! 3417!

Very variable in foliage and in the relative length of the exserted part of the

corolla to the calyx. Thunberg’s type of E. glabella consists of 5 small branchlets,

on 2 of which the exserted part of the corolla is very distinctly longer than the calyx,

on the other 3 it is about as long or very slightly exceeds the length of the calyx.

E. fasciculata is described by Thunberg as having spurless anthers, but his type

specimen has the anthers very distinctly spurred, and is identical with a specimen

collected by Bergius and distributed from the Berlin Herbarium as Bleria

glabella, var. thunbergiana, Klotzsch. The name Bleria capitata in Thunberg’s

Herbarium, quoted by Rach, is in Salisbury’s handwriting. E. scabra, Thunb.,

seems somewhat intermediate between S. glabellus and 8. depressus, being like

the latter species in habit and foliage, but the calyx is that of S. glabellus, and

glabrous with the exception of a few hairs on the ribs in the grooves between the

angles; the anthers are quite spurless. I have not seen any other specimen

exactly like it ; Sieber’s 178 is the nearest approach, but it has spurred anthers,

which, however, is a very variable character.

_ 8. S. depressus (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 704) ; like S. glabellus

in all characters exeept :—leaves not paler in colour nor at all callus-

like at the tips, always minutely seabrous-tuberculate and often

hispid-pubeseent all over, sometimes sprinkled with gland-tipped

hairs; calyx $ to nearly 1 lin. long, oblong or ellipsoid-oblong,

more or less hairy all over the tube and ciliate with rather long hairs

on the teeth ; corolla 11—2 lin. long, the exserted part varying from

shorter than to 14 times as long as the calyx; anthers often spur-

less. Bleria depressa, Lichtenstein ex Roem. Y Schultes, Syst. Veg.

iii. 168. B. scabra, Wendl. Collect. i. 85, t. 31, not of other authors.

B. fasciculata, Drege ex Benth, lc., not Willd. B. glabella, var.

bartlingiana, Klotzsch in Linnea, viii. 662. Hrica exprompta,

Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 195, ex Klotzsch, & Benth. Gypsocallis ex-

prompta, Don, Gen, Syst. iii. 804. Octogonia glabella, var. bart-

lingiana, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 234. Thoracosperma depressa,

O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 390.

Var. 8, patens (N. E. Br.); calyx about 1} lin. long, its teeth more than half

as long as the hairy tube, ciliate with long hairs; corolla 2 lin. long, the

exserted part scarcely as long as the calyx; anthers spurless. §. patens, Benth.

in DC. Prodr. vii. 704. Thoracosperma patens, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 390.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Drége! Mund § Maire! Forbes! Var. B:

Stieber, 156!

Coast REGION: Cape Div.; near Cape Town, Burchell, 915! Prior! neck

between Shoesters and Patrys Viey, Wolley Dod, 3040! ‘Twelve Apostles, Wolley

Dod, 1199! hills near Simons Town, Wright ! MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm.

Austr.-Afr., 40! Bolus, 4993! Guthrie, 1461! Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek,

Scott-Elliot, 1194!

Simocheilus. | ERICACEZ (Brown). 365

This plant varies in a similar manner to S, glabellus and may be only a form

of that species with a constantly pubescent calyx-tube.

9. §. hirsutus (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 704); branchlets

glabrous or pubescent ; leaves 4-nate, erectly imbrieate, 1-2} lin.

long, linear, subacute, minutely scabrid-tuberculate, more or less

pubescent or subpilose when young; flowers in small terminal

clusters, shortly pedicellate or subsessile ; bract 1, leaf-like, + as long

to as long as the calyx-tube, ciliate ; calyx * to nearly 1 lin. long,

rigidly and thickly coriaceous or subfleshy, oblong; tube obtusely

4-angled with 4 ribs alternating with the angles, glabrous; teeth

alternating with the angles, erectly connivent, deltoid, acute, ciliate ;

corolla 12 lin, long, tubular, very slender, 4 lin. square at the apex

and of nearly equal diameter throughout, slightly curved, glabrous ;

lobes very small, erect, deltoid-ovate, obtuse; anthers exserted,

basifixed, linear-oblong, spurless ; ovary glabrous; stigma simple.

Octogonia hirta, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 233. Thoracosperma

hirsuta, and T. hirta, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 890, 391.

Coast Rreton : Caledon Div. ; mountain ridges between Babylons Tower and

Caledon, Ecklon S° Zeyher, Zeyher !

This chiefly differs from 8. glabellus in its very slender corolla, which is

scarcely enlarged in its upper part and only half as much in diameter there as it

is in 8. glabellus.

10. S. submuticus (Benth. in DC. Prodr., vii. 704); branchlets

minutely tomentose to somewhat thinly pilose-pubescent; leaves

4-nate, erect or ascending and more or less imbricate, 1—2 lin. long,

linear or linear-lanceolate, subobtuse, glabrous, sometimes with a few

sessile glands on the margins, rarely with a very few hairs; flowers

subsessile, 3 to many in terminal heads on the lateral branchlets ;

heads usually 3-4 lin. in diam.; bract solitary or accompanied by 2

very small lateral bracts at its base, leaf-like, half as long as to as

long as the calyx-tube, glabrous, sometimes ciliate with minute hairs

or sessile glands ; calyx 2—% lin. long, tubular-oblong or ovoid-oblong,

thickly coriaceous or subfleshy; tube 4-angled, glabrous; angles

obtuse, alternating with 4 small ribs; teeth alternating with the

angles, deltoid, acute, about half as long as the tube, erect or sub-

connivent, not ciliate ; corolla 1}-14 lin. long, tubular, }—} lin. in

diam. at the apex, slightly narrowing from ap2x to base, curved,

glabrous, the exserted part about twice as long as the calyx; lobes

about as long as broad, rounded, subtruneate or emarginate, erect ;

anthers exserted, basifixed, 1 lin. long, linear-oblong, spurless and

broadly cuneate or subtruneate and minutely angular at the base, often

in the same flower, rarely with short spurs; ovary glabrous; stigma

simple. Thoracosperma submutica, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 390.

Coast Recion: Caledon Div.; Onrust River, 20 ft., Schlechter, 10397!

near Swellendam, 500-800 ft., Mund! Fry in Herb. Galpin, 5008 !

This differs from S. hirsutus by its glabrous leaves, smaller calyx and stouter

corolla. The Onrust River plant has its branchlets thinly pubescent instead of

tomentose and its calyx rather smaller than in the type, but I believe it to be

this species.

366 ERICACE® (Brown). [ Simocheilus.

11. §. oblongus (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 705); branchlets

puberulous or pubescent ; leaves 4-nate, erect or imbricate, 1-2} lin.

long, linear or linear-lanceolate, obtuse, pubescent, at least when

young ; flowers usually numerous in terminal clusters, subsessile or

very shortly pedicellate; bract solitary, leaf-like, as long as or

longer than the calyx-tube, hairy; calyx % lin. long, coriaceous,

oblong-campanulate ; tube 4-angled, with flat sides, no alternating

ribs, hairy all over; teeth alternating with the angles, erect, not

connivent, half as long as the tube, deltoid, acute, ciliate; corolla

2-21 lin. long, narrowly tubular, slightly narrowing downwards,

slightly curved, the exserted part at least twice as long as the calyx,

glabrous, its lobes shorter than broad, rounded, erect; anthers

exserted, basifixed, 2 lin. long, linear, spurless; ovary occasionally

3-celled, glabrous; stigma simple. Syndesmanthus capitellatus,

Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 705. Thoracosperma oblonga,

O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 390.

Coast ReGion: Clanwilliam Div.; sandy hills between Berg Valley and

Lange Valley, Drege, 7796! Zeyher, 1119!

12, §. patulus (N. E. Br.); branchlets puberulous, intermingled

with a longer white pubescence ; leaves 4-nate, very spreading,

11~2 lin. long, linear, obtuse, rugulose or subtuberculate and thinly

pilose-pubescent on the back; flowers subsessile, 3-12 in a head ;

heads 2-23 lin. in diam., on very short axillary branchlets; bract

solitary often equalling the calyx-tube, linear, obtuse, pilose-pubes-

cent; calyx }—2 lin. long, oblong or oblong-campanulate, coriaceous

or subfleshy ; tube 4-angled, with 4 slight ribs alternating with the

angles, having a few hairs on the ribs, otherwise glabrous ; teeth

alternating with the angles, deltoid, acute, about half as long as the

tube, ciliate with rather long hairs; corolla about 11 lin. long,

tubular, narrowing downwards from the middle, curved, glabrous ;

lobes broadly deltoid, subobtuse, erect; anthers much exserted, basi-

fixed, 4 lin. long, oblong, minutely angular at the truncate spurless

base ; ovary glabrous ; style 2 lin. long; stigma simple.

Coast Reeion: Caledon Div.; Klein River, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 7605!

hills near Papies Valley, 500 ft., Schlechter, 10434!

13. S. globiferus (N. E. Br.) ; less than 1 ft. high, not densely

branched ; branches and branchlets ascending or erect, pubescent or

puberulous ; leaves 4-nate, erectly imbricate, 1-2 lin. long, linear,

subacute, glabrous or with a few hairs and cilia at the tips; flowers

subsessile or very shortly pedicellate, 12-20 or more in small dense

globose terminal heads 2—22 lin. in diam., on short lateral branchlets,

somewhat racemosely arranged along the main branches; bract

solitary, 1—% as long as the calyx, lanceolate or rhomboid-lanceolate,

acute, tipped with a few hairs and minutely ciliate ; calyx 3 lin. long,

oblong ; tube 4-angled, with 4 slight ribs alternating with the angles,

thin, but slightly fleshy, glabrous ; teeth alternating with the angles,

2 as long as the tube, erect, deltoid, acute, ciliate with sessile glands

and tipped with a few minute hairs; corolla 1-12 lin, long, tubular,

Simocheilus. | ERICACE (Brown). 367

euneately tapering to the base at the lower third, glabrous, the

exserted part as long as or slightly longer than the calyx ; lobes

1 lin. broad, erect, rather broader than long, truncate or emarginate ;

anthers exserted, basifixed, + lin. long, oblong, very shortly spurred

at the base; ovary glabrous ; stigma simple.

Coast Rraion: Swellendam Div.; mountains along the lower part of the

Zondereinde River, Zeyher, 3313!

14. S. acutangulus (N. E. Br.) ; apparently of somewhat strag-

gling growth, irregularly branched ; branchlets shortly and somewhat

harshly pubescent ; leaves 4-nate, 1-2 lin. long, longer or shorter

than the internodes, erect or spreading, incurved, linear-lanceolate or

ovate-lanceolate, obtuse or subacute, minutely tuberculate and thinly

éovered with short spreading hairs on the back; flowers minutely

pedicellate, in terminal and axillary more or less clustered heads

3-5 lin. in diam. ; bracts 0, except the floral leaves ; calyx 3 lin. long,

stoutly obconie, coriaceous, not rigid; tube 4-angled, with 4 slight

pubescent ribs alternating with the thin acute glabrous angles ; teeth

alternating with the angles, erect, about 4 as long as the tube,

broadly deltoid, acute, ciliate; corolla about 2 lin. long, tubular,

narrowed downwards, slightly curved, glabrous, the exserted part

nearly twice as long as the calyx; lobes short, erect, rounded ;

anthers exserted, basifixed, 2 lin. long, linear, spurless at the

truncate base ; ovary glabrous; stigma simple.

Coast Rraion: Bredasdorp Diy. ; hills near Mier Kraal, 200 ft., Schlechter,

10523 !

15. S. consors (N. E. Br.) ; compactly branched ; branches erect,

rather stout, minutely subtomentose ; leaves 4-nate, imbricate, in-

curved, 1-2 lin. long, ovate, acute, thinly villous-pubescent on the

back, with sessile glands on the margins when young, becoming

glabrous, minutely rugulose ; flowers sessile, in terminal heads 2-27

lin. in diam., on short lateral branchlets ; bracts 0 except the floral

leaves ; calyx 1 lin. long, stiffly coriaceous, somewhat pear-shaped-

obconic ; tube 4- or occasionally 3-angled, with a deeply impressed

groove between the angles, glabrous; teeth alternating with the

angles, half as long as the tube, erect, like an equilateral triangle,

ciliate ; corolla 2 lin. long, tubular, much narrowed below the middle,

3-4-lobed, glabrous, but possibly with a velvet-like sheen; lobes

shorter than broad, rounded, erect ; stamens 3-4; anthers exserted,

basifixed, * lin. long, linear, spurless at the shortly cuneate base ;

ovary glabrous ; stigma slightly thickened.

Coast Reaion: Caledon Div.; Shaws Mountain, 1300 ft., Galpin, 3724!

The surface of the corolla differs from that of the other species and appears as

if it may have something of the velvet-like nature of a Pelargonium petal when

alive. It may possibly be slightly viscid.

16. S. subrigidus (N. E. Br.); main branches erect, irregularly

and rather laxly branching at distant points; branchlets usually

2-4 in a whorl, puberulous or pubescent; leaves 4-nate, 1-2 lin.

368 ERICACEE (Brown). [ Simocheilus.

long, erect, shorter than the internodes or imbricate, linear, sub-

acute, slightly incurved, subtuberculate-rugose and thinly covered

with spreading hairs on the back; flowers subsessile, in terminal

and axillary heads 2-3 lin. in diam. ; bract 0, except the floral leaf ;

ealyx rather more than 1 lin. long, rigidly coriaceous, but not thick,

slightly obconic-tubular; tube sharply 4-angled, with slight ribs

alternating with the angles, glabrous; teeth alternating with the

angles, erect, broadly deltoid, acute, about + as long as the tube,

ciliate ; corolla 12 lin. long, tubular, gradually tapering downwards

from the apex, slightly curved, glabrous; lobes erect, not longer

than broad, rounded; anthers exserted, basifixed, 2 lin. long, linear,

spurless ; ovary glabrous; stigma eapitate.

Coast Reaion: Bredasdorp Div.; by the Koude River near Elim, 700 ft.,

Schlechter, 9383 |

17. §. quadrisuleus (N. E. Br.); branches stout ; branchlets

puberulous or also with a minute close greyish tomentum; leaves

3-nate, often with leafy tufts in their axils, imbricate or shorter than

the internodes, and erect or spreading, 1-2 lin. long, linear, acute or

subacute, glabrous or minutely puberulous; flowers subsessile, 1-4

together, axillary or terminal on very short axillary branchlets;

bracts 3, snbequal, about 4 lin. long, linear, subacute or obtuse,

minutely ciliate ; calyx 3 lin. long, becoming rather larger in fruit,

fleshy, ovoid, toothed to half-way down, with 4 deep cut-like

grooves alternating with the teeth, and the 4 faces opposite the teeth

flattened or slightly grooved in the upper part and rounded below,

glabrous ; teeth erect, becoming connivent in fruit, ovate or deltoid,

acute, very minutely ciliate or without cilia in fruit; corolla 11 lin.

long, tubular, very slightly narrowed below the middle, scarcely or

but slightly curved, glabrous; lobes as long as broad, erect, ovate,

rounded ; anthers basifixed, about 3 lin. long, linear-oblong, with

minute or awn-like spurs at the truneate base; ovary glabrous;

stigma simple,

Centrat Recion: Prince Albert Div.; mountains near Seven Weeks Poort,

5000 ft., Marloth, 2977! Div.? Zwart Berg, Atherstone, 267!

18. §. klotzschianus (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 703) ; rigid,

stoutly branched ; branchlets minutely tomentose, whitish or pale

grey; leaves 3- (rarely 4-) nate, erect or slightly spreading, varying

from densely crowded to about equalling the internodes, mostly

incurved, 2-12 (rarely 2) lin. long, ovate-lanceolate to linear, serru-

late, in the type specimen densely pubescent and mucronate with a

very short gland-tipped bristle when young, in others puberulous

and simply mucronate or acute or subobtuse, becoming glabrous with

age; flowers sessile, usually 3-7 together in small axillary clusters,

which are racemosely arranged and often crowded along the upper

part of the branchlets, which sometimes grow out beyond them;

bracts 3, subequal, 1—1 lin. long, ovate or oblong, obtuse, shortly

ciliate ; calyx 2 lin. long, toothed to the middle or beyond, puberu- |

lous; tube hemispheric-campanulate, somewhat obseurely 8-ribbed

Simecheilus. | ERICACE® (Brown). 369

at the flowering stage, enlarging and becoming globose and dis-

tinctly 8-ribbed in fruit; teeth erect or very slightly spreading,

deltoid-ovate or deltoid-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, thickened at

the margins, shortly ciliate ; corolla 12 lin. long, tubular, contracted

at the base within the calyx-tube, slightly curved, glabrous, the

exserted part much longer than the calyx; lobes short, obtuse, erect ;

anthers exserted, dorsifixed just above the base, + lin. long, oblong,

not narrowed at the base, with short dorsal awn-like spurs just above

the base, sometimes nearly obsolete ; ovary seated on a very thick

disk, compressed, with a few very minute hairs at the obtuse apex ;

style 2-3 lin. long ; stigma thickened or subcapitate. Plagiostemon

puberulus, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii, 232. P. pubescens, Klotzsch

ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 703.

Var. 8, glabrifolius (N. E. Br.) ; leaves adpressed-imbricate to very spread-

ing, glabrous, but often minutely ciliate when young ; calyx glabrous or puberu-

lous; anthers often with rather longer spurs than in the type, sometimes 4~} as

long as the cells, which occasionally diverge at the tips; style about 2 lin. long :

otherwise as in the type.

Coast Reaion : Clanwilliam Div.; near the OJiphants River or near Brak-

fontein, Ecklon § Zeyher ! mountains near Modderfontein, 1200 ft., Schlechter,

4974! Lange Kloof, 500 ft., Schlechter, 8042 (has also been distributed by error

as 8043)! Cederberg Range, near Krakadouw, 3000 ft., Bodkin in Herb. Bolus,

8677! Var. 8: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Knagas (Konaquas) Berg, Zeyher, 1120!

Clanwilliam Div.; Blauw Berg, 1500 ft., Schlechter, 8464 (in Herb, Bolus)!

Cederberg Range, Shaw in Herb. Bolus, 5667! Piquetberg Div.; Piquetberg

Range, Schlechter, 7908! ~

CrntrRAt Reacion: Calvinia Div.; Oorlogs Kloof, 2200 ft., Schlechter, 10961 !

Ceres Div. ; Cold Bokkeveld, 4500 ft., Schlechter, 8864!

The type specimen and Schlechter, 4974 are pubescent with much longer hairs:

than on any other specimens I have seen. The specimen distributed to Herb.

Bolus as Schlechter, 8464 belongs to this plant and is identical with Schlechter,

8864 at Kew, but Schlechter, 8464 distributed to Kew is Scyphogyne rigidula,

var. breviciliata, :

19. 8. bicolor (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 703) ; probably dwarf,

rigidly branched ; branchlets puberulous, whitish or pale greyish ;

leaves 3-nate, erect or ascending, imbricate or shorter than the inter-

nodes, 2—14 lin. long, linear, acute or obtuse, with or without a

minute simple or gland-tipped apiculus, glabrous and smooth or

slightly seabrid-tuberculate on the back, or puberulous with or with-

out an admixture of a few minute gland-tipped hairs on the back

and margins; flowers sessile, 1-7 together in lateral or terminal

clusters ; bracts 3, unequal or subequal, }—} lin. long, linear to

narrowly ovate, obtuse or subacute, minutely ciliate ; calyx nearly

or quite 1 lin. long, subtubular or campanulate-tubular, at first of

about equal diameter throughout, becoming conical-ovoid and con-

tracted at the mouth in fruit, fleshy, rigidly so in fruit, 8-ribbed,

glabrous or minutely puberulous; teeth }—{ as long as the tube,

erect, somewhat elongated-deltoid, acute, very minutely and in-

distinctly ciliate with hairs or with sessile glands ; corolla 12-12

lin. long, tubular, much narrowed downwards within the calyx,

VOL. IV.—SECT. I. Bb

370 ERICACER (Brown). [ Simocheilus.

glabrous; lobes scarcely as long as broad, rounded, apparently

incurved or connivent; anthers exserted, dorsifixed near the base,

linear-oblong, dorsally spurred at the insertion of the filament; spurs

awn-like, 1-1 as longas the cells; ovary subglabrous or very minutely

puberulous at the top; stigma minute, thickened or subeapitate ;

fruit ellipsoid, crustaceous. S. ecklonianus, Benth., and 8. hispidus,

Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 705. Blexria bicolor, Klotzsch in Linnea,

viii. 660 (by error 606) ; Dietr. Synop. Pl. i. 448. Plagiostemon

bicolor, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 232. Pachycalyx pubescens,

Klotzsch, l.ec. 230, and P. hispidus, Klotzsch, l.c. 231.

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div.; Tulbagh Waterfall (ex Bentham), Mund &

Maire! near Tulbagh, Ecklon §* Zeyher! New Kloof, Burchell, 1000! Drege,

7789! near Saron, 3000 ft., Schlechter, 10682! Cape Div.; mountain near

Simons Town, 800 ft., Guthrie, 1402 !

The calyx appears to be red and the corolla white or pink.

At Kew, the type of 8. hispidus (Drage, 7789) consists of 1 glabrous and

1 puberulous-leaved specimen. The glabrous specimen I cannot distinguish from

S. bicolor, whilst the puberulous specimen cannot, I think, be maintained as

distinct from S. ecklonianus. 1 therefore consider them all to be slight forms of

one species, which is evidently variable in its pubescence, for some specimens of

Schlechter’s 10682 are pubescent, whilst others are glabrous, and they un-

questionably belong to one species. Bentham describes the anthers of 8.

ecklonianus and S. hispidus as spurless, whilst Klotzsch does net mention them,

except in the generic character of Pachycalyx, where this character is probably

taken from S. glaber, as there are no flowers with anthers on the type of

S. ecklonianus or on Drége’s specimen of S. hispidus at Kew, all are in the

fruiting stage; in ‘Burchell’s 1000, however, which Bentham quotes under

8. hispidus, the anthers are shortly but distinctly spurred.

20. S. albirameus (N. E. Br.); apparently laxly branched;

branches and branchlets minutely tomentose or densely woolly-

tomentose with longer hairs, becoming subglabrous, white; leaves

usually 3- (rarely 4-) nate, erect or ascending, imbricate or shorter

than the internodes, 1-2 lin. long, linear, acute, serrulate on the

acute edges, softly pubescent on the back, slightly puberulous on the

upperside, often with small leafy branchlets or leaf-tufts in their

axils; flowers 1-3 together terminating the very short axillary

branchlets, subsessile ; bracts 8, the middle one longest, } lin. long,

lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, the lateral linear-oblong, all subacute

or obtuse, ciliate ; calyx only seen in a fruiting stage, rigidly coria-

ceous or fleshy, nearly 1 lin. long, conical-ovoid, 8-ribbed, glabrous;

teeth erectly connivent, half or rather more than half as long as the

tube, elongate-deltoid, acute, ciliate ; corolla 14 lin. long, the part

exserted from the calyx inflated oblong or conical-ovoid, abruptly

contracted into a narrow tube within the calyx, oblique or slightly

curved, glabrous ; lobes connivent, as long as broad, obtuse ; anthers

not seen; young fruit ellipsoid, minutely puberulous at the top,

erustaceous, 2-celled; stigma capitate.

Coast Reaion: Clanwilliam Div.; by the Oliphants River or near Brak-

fontein, Ecklon & Zeyher, 282 !

Simocheilus. | ERICACEX (Brown). 371

21, S. glaber (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 705); branchlets puberu-

lous, greyish; leaves 3-nate, erect or imbricate, $11 lin. long,

oblong-linear, glabrous, minutely serrulate on the acute edges or the

serratures tipped with a gland ; flowers solitary, axillary and terminal

(racemose ex Thunberg), subsessile ; bracts 3, subequal, 1-1 lin.

long, linear, obtuse, ciliate; calyx lin. long, fleshy or rigidly

coriaceous, glabrous; tube scarcely longer than broad, campanulate,

distinctly but not stoutly 8-ribbed ; teeth erect, more than half as

long as the tube, deltoid-ovate, acute, very minutely ciliate; in fruit

the calyx becomes ovoid-conical, not more than 1 lin. long, the tube

thickening very much and the ribs forming prominent elongated

tubercles, those opposite the teeth very broadly deltoid-ovate in

outline, those alternating with the teeth mueh narrower, tapering

downwards ; corolla 14~1% lin. long, tubular, scarcely narrowed at

the base, nearly or quite straight, glabrous (white ex Thunberg), the

exserted part shorter than or not longer than the calyx; lobes erect,

subquadrate, more or less emarginate ; anthers half-exserted, dorsi-

fixed near the base, + lin. long, oblong, spurless ; ovary minutely

puberulous at the top; stigma simple. rica glabra, Thunb. Prodr.

69, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 346. Bleria glabra, Thunb. Diss.

Bleria, 10. Pachycalyx glaber, Klotasch in Linnea, xii. 231; Rach

in Linnea, xxvi. 791.

South Arrica: without locality, Thunberg ! Masson !

Coast REeGion: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Gift Berg, Drege, ex Klotzsch.

Centrat Reeion: Calvinia Div.; between Grasberg River and Watervals

River, Drége, 7790!

Imperfectly known species.

22, Pachycalyx inzequalis (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 231) ; this is

referred to Simocheilus glaber by Bentham and by Rach. I have

not seen it, but the statement that the flowers are in heads, whilst

in all the specimens of S. glaber that I have seen they are solitary,

and the different locality, seem to indicate that it may be distinct.

The following is a translation of the original description :—

Leaves 3-nate, adpressed, linear, acute, glabrous, evanescently

serrate-hispid ; flowers in heads at the tips of the branchlets ; bracts

3, unequal, ovate-lanceolate, glabrous, puberulous-ciliate on the

margin, the 2 lateral smaller; calyx glabrous; corolla tubular,

glabrous, yellowish. It was collected by Ecklon & Zeyher near

Tulbagh Waterfall.

XII. SYNDESMANTHUS, Klotzsch.

Braets 0,1 or 3 adpressed to and coming away with the calyx.

Calyx obconic, obconic-oblong, campanulate, tubular-oblong, pear-

shaped or dorsally flattened, 3-4-toothed ; tube with or without

3-4 acute or obtuse angles, thin - “inate not fleshy. Corolla

372 ERICACER (Brown). [ Syndesmanthus.

small, hypogynous, longer than the calyx, tubular and tapering. from

the apex or middle to the base, funnel-shaped, or more or less

inflated or cup- or broadly funnel-shaped above and abruptly con-

tracted into a very slender tube below, 3—4-lobed, often 3—4- (rarely

8-) angled. Stamens 3-4, hypogynous, always more or less exserted

when mature ; filaments free, linear or filiform, glabrous ; anthers

free, basifixed or dorsifixed just above the base, linear, oblong or

more or less cuneate, bipartite, with parallel or slightly divergent

cells, spurless ; cells opening by oblique pores. Ovary seated on a

disk, l-celled ; style exserted, filiform, glabrous; stigma minute,

simple or capitate or thickened, rarely disk-like and produced into a

short terete or clavate point near the centre or towards the margin.

Ovule solitary, pendulous. Fruit (not seen fully ripe) elongated,

narrow, apparently indehiscent ; pericarp thin.

_ Small shrubs or shrublets resembling Hvica ; leaves grooved down the convex

back ; flower-heads terminal or axillary, few- or many-flowered, erect or nodding ;

flowers subsessile or very shortly pedicellate.

DistR1B, Species 19, endemic.

’ Inthe following descriptions the measurements of the leaves always include

the petiole. Some of the species with a 3-angled calyx might be supposed to

belong to the genus Sympieza, especially where, as in &. breviflorus, S, sympi-

zoides and S. pumilus, the calyx is dorsally flattened and the angle next the

axis but little developed, the 3-lobed corolla and 1-celled ovary, however, readily

distinguish them.

I. Flowers covered with very viscid matter and aggluti-

nated together when dried; stigma capitate :

Flower-heads 3-34 lin. in diam. ; corolla ovoid or

ellipsoid, contracted at the mouth sip ne

Flower-heads 1-14 lin. in diam.; corolla obconic-

campanulate or tubular-funnel-shaped, not con-

tracted at the mouth sve ne ie ... (2) Schlechteri.

II. Flowers not agglutinated together :

* Bracts 3, coming away with the pedicel, except

in 3. 8. ciliatus :

Calyx pear-shaped, pallid and nerved at the

lower half :

Calyx-tube with 4 small puberulous

tubercles at the middle of the flattened

faces, otherwise glabrous, 4-nerved ... (3) ciliatus.

Calyx pubescent all over; tube 8-nerved . (4) squarrosus,

Calyx villous all over with long hairs ;

tube 4-nerved ... bee oe ... (5) paucifolius.

Calyx obconic-campanulate, obscurely 4-

angled, nerveless; teeth villous with

long hairs ... si nes we “

** Bracts O or solitary at the base of the very

minute pedicel and rarely coming away with the

calyx; calyx sharply 3—4-angled :

§ Angles of the usually villous calyx opposite

(1) viscosus.

(6) Niveni.

the teeth :

Stigma peltate, disk-like, excentrically

produced into a short point... .. (7) Erinus,

Stigma simple : :

Corolla about ? Jin. long, funnel-

shaped above, abruptly narrowed

Syndesmanthus. | KRICACEA, (Brown).

into a slender tube below (or in

var. B, tapering from apex to base) (8) elimensis.

Corolla 14-2 lin. long :

- Corolla oblong -tubular to some-

what funnel-shaped above,

rapidly narrowed into a siender

tube below the middle (10) articulatus.

Corolla gradually tapering from

apex to base :

Branchlets not crowded;

leaves thinly villous ‘to

nearly glabrous, rugulose (9) seaber.

Branchlets rather crowded ;

leaves glabrous or the

younger tipped with 1-5

hairs (11) similis,

§§ Angles of the calyx alternating with the

teeth :

Stigma minute, capitate or distinctly

thickened ; calyx usually 3-angled :

Corolla scarcely 1 lin. long, the ex-

serted part shorter than or equal-

ling the calyx : (12) breviflorus.

Corolla 13-14 lin. long, the exserted

part longer than the calyx (13) venustus.

Stigma simple, not or scarcely thicker

than the style; calyx acutely 3~4-

angled :

Corolla 13-2} lin. long, the exserted

part 2-8 times as long as the calyx,

tubular, gradually tapering from or

below the middle into the slender

basal part, 3-lobed :

Plant 8 in. or more high,

copiously much branched —_.,. (14) Zeyheri,

Plant 23-5 in. high, annual-

like, with few (5-25) ultimate

branchlets vi (15) pumilus.

Corolla 1-1} lin. long, the exserted

part from shorter than to 14 times

as long as the calyx, funnel- or cup-

shaped, abruptly narrowed at or

above the middle into a very slender

tube:

Leaves 4-nate, or in 8. gracilis

sometimes also 3-nate, glabrous

to pubescent; calyx usually

ciliate or villous on the angles

of the tube as well as on the

lobes :

Leaves linear or linear-lan-

ceolate :

Calyx usually 3-angled,

the dorsal face 3-4

lin. broad, marked

with a whitish stripe (16) globiceps.

Calyx 4-angled, } lin.

in diam., without a

white erp on the

faces a5 .. (17) gracilis.

373

374 ERicAcEa (Brown). Syndesmanthus,

Leaves ovate to lanceolate ;

calyx usually 3-angled,

4-8 lin. broad, without a

white stripe on the faces . (18) sympiezoides.

Leaves 3-nate, small, — thick,

ovate, glabrous; calyx 3-4-

angled, angles glabrous, teeth

ciliate... ie ee ... (19) pulchellus.

1, §. viscosus (N. E. Br.); ‘about a span high; branchlets

pubescent ; leaves 3-nate, erectly spreading, * lin. long, narrowly

ovate, very obtuse, with subcartilaginous ciliate margins, glabrous,

shining ’’ ex Bolus, but the few loose leaves seen were 3—1 lin. long

with the petiole, rather broad, oblong or ovate, obtuse, with minute

glands on the obtuse margins when young, becoming entire; flowers

covered with glutinous matter on the calyx and corolla and in the

dried state agglutinated together in terminal heads 3-3} lin. in

diam. ; bracts unequal, rigidly coriaceous, the middle one outside,

very large, 1 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, broadly ovate, acute, the lateral

smaller, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse ; calyx 4 lin. long, concealed by

the bracts, campanulate, 4-toothed to about half-way down, glabrous,

thinly coriaceous ; teeth erect, deltoid, acute, one smaller than the

rest, not ciliate ; corolla 13 lin. long, ovoid or ellipsoid, contracted

at the mouth, glabrous; lobes 4, shorter than broad, suberect or

subincurved, rounded ; anthers much exserted, basifixed, + lin. long,

linear, recurving from the cuneate spurless base ; ovary pubescent,

l-celled, with a very thick placenta down one side; style curved or

tortuous ; stigma minutely capitate. Simocheilus viscosus, Bolus in

Journ. Bot. 1894, 240. -

Coast Rr@ion: Riversdale Div.; Drooge Vlakte, near Riversdale, 400 ft.,

Schlechter, 2142! :

Of this distinct species 1 have only seen a few detached leaves and flowers in

the Herbarium of Dr. Bolus. Dried flowers cannot be examined until they

have been soaked in ether or some other solvent of the glutinous matter upon

them.

2. 8. Schlechteri (N. EH. Br.); about 4-6 in. high, intricately

branched; branchlets rather slender, tortuous, at first minutely

puberulous, soon becoming glabrous; leaves 3-nate, spreading or

deflexed, 3-1 lin. long, mostly shorter than the internodes, very

thick, subovoid or ellipsoid, obtuse or subacute, glabrous, ciliate on

the petiole; flowers pedicellate, 1-3 agglutinated together in

terminal heads 1-1} lin. in diam.; pedicels 1—1 lin. long; bracts

unequal, adpressed to and as long as the calyx, i—} lin. long, ovate,

acute, glabrous, shortly ciliate, the middle one much larger than the

others ; calyx about 2 lin. long, cup-shaped, 4-toothed to half-way ©

down or rather more, glabrous, very glutinous, not ciliate on the

ovate acute teeth; corolla rather more than 1 lin. long, obconie-

campanulate or tubular-funnel-shaped, very glutinous, white ; lobes

4, erect, deltoid-ovate, acute ; anthers exserted, basifixed, 3 lin. long,

Syndesmanthus. ] ERICACKEA (Brown). 375

oblong, cuneate at the spurless base ; ovary glabrous; stigma rather

large, capitate.

Coast Region : Bredasdorp Div.; Vogel Vley, 150 ft., Schlechter, 10481!

The glutinous matter upon the dried flowers of this species must be removed

by soaking in ether before they can be dissected. I have also seen a specimen

bearing the same number localized as having been collected at Zeekoe Vley, but

this is an error for Vogel Vley.

3. 8. ciliatus (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 707); 6-8 in. high,

much branched; branchlets slender, puberulous, soon becoming

glabrous, brown ; leaves 3-nate, spreading or somewhat deflexed,

mostly shorter than the internodes, 1-11 lin. long, very thiek and

subterete or turgid, obtuse, glabrous, or when very young slightly

puberulous, hairy on the petiole, flowers shortly pedicellate, in

axillary and terminal clusters of 3-6, crowded together at the ends

of the branchlets ; bracts subequal, 1 lin. long, linear, densely ciliate,

very rarely coming away with the flower, but remaining upon the

persistent base of the pedicel; calyx about * lin. long, clavately

pear-shaped, coriaceous, pallid and 4-nerved below; tube 4-angled

below, having 4 small puberulous tubercles on the flattened faces at

about the middle, otherwise glabrous, upper part twice as broad,

with 4 angles at the sinuses between the teeth alternating with those

on the lower part of the tube; teeth connivent, scarcely half as long

as the tube, broadly triangular, acute, somewhat rigid, grooved down

the back, glabrous, very shortly ciliate ; corolla 14 lin. long, narrowly

suburceolate above, tapering into a slender tube below, glabrous, the

exserted part about as long as the calyx, white ex Klotzsch ; lobes 4,

about as long as broad, erect or slightly connivent, deltoid-ovate,

subacute ; anthers much exserted, basifixed, oblong-linear, spurless ;

ovary glabrous; stigma simple. Macrolinum ciliatum, Klotasch in

Linnea, xii. 2438,

Coast Region: Caledon Div.; Babylons Tower Mountain and between it

and Caledon, Ecklon § Zeyher, Zeyher ! hills near Bot River, 700 ft., Bolus,

5449 !

4. §. squarrosus (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 707) ; a small and

apparently somewhat flat-topped shrublet 5-10 in. high; branchlets

densely puberulous or subtomentose, whitish or pale grey; leaves

3-nate, varying from very spreading to erect, mostly shorter than

the internodes, or the terminal imbricate, 3-14 lin. long, linear,

obtuse, rather turgid, straight or recurved, glabrous, or more or less

adpressed-pilose with long hairs when young; petiole ciliate with

long hairs; flowers subsessile or very shortly pedicellate, 2-9 in

axillary and terminal elusters racemosely crowded along the branch-

lets ; bracts unequal, minute, the middle one rarely more than

1 lin. long, linear or narrowly deltoid, ciliate with long hairs ; calyx

rather more than % lin. long, pear-shaped, pubescent all over with

very fine short ascending or subadpressed hairs ; tube obconiec, pallid,

with 8 darker nerves ; teeth as long as or rather longer than the

376 ERIcACEa (Brown). [ Syndesmanthus.

tube, rather large, connivent, oblong or ovate-oblong, obtuse, rather

thick and rigid, probably green and leafy, grooved down the back,

ciliate with hairs like those of the pubescence ; corolla 11-12 lin.

long, inflated ovoid or subglobose and faintly 8-angled at the upper

half, rapidly narrowed into a very slender tube at the lower half,

glabrous, with a minutely papillate surface, pink (Grisbrook) ;

lobes 4, more or less connivent, broadly ovate, obtuse or rounded,

the sinuses between them forming minute spreading teeth which are

very conspicuous on the buds ; anthers exserted, subbasifixed, linear,

spurless, the very tips of the cells with a slight divergent curvature ;

ovary surrounded by a rather thick disk, very small, glabrous;

stigma simple. Macrolinum paucifolium, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii.

242 (at least as to Ecklon & Zeyher's specimens distributed from

Berlin under this name), exel. synonym Blaria paucifolia, Klotzsch

in Linnea, viii. 664 2

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Thom ! Ecklon §° Zeyher !

Coast Re@ron : Caledon Div.; on the Zwart Berg and region of the Baths

near Caledon, Zeyher, 3826! Guthrie, 2509! Zoetemelks Valley, Grisbrook !

and in Herb, Bolus, 6313! near Caledon, Bolus, 8499!

Possibly this plant may have been confused with S. paucifolius, Benth., by

Klotzsch.

5. §. paucifolius (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 707) ; apparently

4—6 in. high, somewhat laxly branched, sometimes spreading over

the ground; ultimate branchlets 1-2 in. long, slender, tortuous,

puberulous, with a longer pubescence sometimes intermingled, soon

becoming glabrous ; leaves 8-nate, spreading, 1-1} lin, long, mostly

3a the length of the long internodes, linear-subterete, obtuse or

subacute, at first thinly pilose, soon becoming glabrous; petiole

ciliate; flowers shortly pedicellate, about 6—9 together in terminal

globose heads 1-6 lin. in diam. ; bracts unequal, adpressed to the

calyx, {~} lin. long, linear, acute, densely ciliate with long white

hairs; calyx 1 lin. long, somewhat pear-shaped, villous with white

hairs, those on the tube not half as long as those on the teeth ; tube

obconic, 4-angled, 4-nerved, pallid, semitransparent in water ; teeth

opposite the angles (nerves), longer than or equalling the tube,

incurved-erect or connivent, thick and rigid, ovate, ovate-oblong or

lanceolate-oblong, acute or apiculate, ciliate with minute sessile

glands under the hairs; corolla 11-14 lin. long, clavate, inflated and

somewhat obovoid or urceolate-obovoid and very distinctly 4-angled

at the exserted part (which equals or is shorter than the calyx, but

much exceeds the hairs on its teeth), rapidly tapering into a slender

tube at the lower half, glabrous, pink; lobes 4, connivent, often

with erect or recurved tips, broadly ovate, obtuse or acute ; anthers

exserted, dorsifixed just above the base or basifixed, 1 Jin. long,

linear-oblong, spurless, minutely ciliate-seabrid; ovary with a thick

disk at its base, glabrous; stigma simple. Bleria paucifolia,

Wendl. Collect. ii. 17, t.48; Roem. § Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 170

as B. pauciflora, corrected in Mantissa, 107; Bartl. in Linnwa, vii.

Syndesmanthus. | ERICACEa (Brown). 377

649; Dietr. Synop. Pl.i.444; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 804 ( pauciflora) ;

Klotzsch in Linnea, viii. 664. B. hirsuta, Lichtenstein ex Roem. ¢

Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 170; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iu. 804. Blairia

paucifolia, Spreng. Syst. i. 432. LHucl. Hrica hirsuta from all the

synonymy. Erica flosculosa, Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 340, ex

Bentham, Blzxria flosculosa, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 805; Klotzsch

in Linnea, xii. 246.

Coast Recion: Caledon Div. ; at the foot of the mountains near Hermanus,

200 ft., Bolus, 9847! hills near Houw Hoek, 1300-2500 ft., Bolus, 6960!

Schlechter, 5518!

I have not seen an anthentic specimen of this plant. Bolus, 9847, and

Schlechter, 5518, however, agree well with Wendland’s figure except as to the

calyx, which, as described by Bentham, has a very small tube in proportion to

the lobes, whilst Wendland figures the lobes smaller than the tube, but as they

are much concealed by the hairs, this may have been an error on the part of the

artist. Bolus, 6960, has flowers agreeing with the smaller dimensions given,

but otherwise does not differ from the type. Possibly this species may have been

confused with S. squarrosus by Klotzsch.

6. S. Niveni (N. E. Br.) ; 8 in. or more high; branches some-

what divergent-erect, flexuose, rather stout, }—2 lin. thick, bearing

at intervals groups of 1-8 branchlets 2-6 lin. long scattered along

them ; leaves 3-nate, spreading to erect, elosely placed on the branch-

lets, distant on the branches, 2—1 lin. long, linear-oblong to oblong-

ovate, obtuse, thick, ciliate and pilose on the back with 2 few long

hairs when young, soon becoming glabrous and shining; petiole

ciliate ; flowers subsessile, about 3-6 together, in small terminal

heads on the short lateral branchlets ; bracts unequal, densely ciliate

with long and rather stiff hairs, the middle one about 4 lin. long ;

calyx 2 lin. long; tube obconic-campanulate, with a tuft of adpressed

stiff hairs around its base, otherwise glabrous and smooth, at least

on the lower part, slightly or very obseurely 4-angled, coriaceous,

opaque and quite nerveless; teeth opposite the angles, erectly-

connivent, nearly as long as the tube, deltoid or deltoid-ovate, acute,

thickly villous with ascending-spreading hairs longer than the teeth

themselves, and ciliate with minute sessile glands under the hairs ;

corolla 1 lin. long, clavate, the exserted part shorter than the calyx

and not exceeding the cilia on its teeth, campanulately or broadly

funnel-shaped, abruptly narrowed into the slender tubular included

part, glabrous ; lobes or teeth 4, short, broadly triangular, acute,

erect ; anthers exserted, dorsifixed to the broad filaments just above

the base, 2 lin. long, oblong, with the cells slightly and somewhat

orbicularly dilated at the apex, spurless; ovary glabrous; stigma

simple.

Sourn AFRicA: without locality, Niven, 95!

7. S. Erinus (N. LE. Br.) ; apparently about 10-12 in. high, much

branched ; branchlets slender, the ultimate scarcely more than } lin.

thick, divergent-ascending, with a mingled pubescence of long and

878 ERICACER (Brown), [ Syndesmanthus.

short hairs, brown; leaves 3-nate, ascending, equalling or shorter

than the internodes, {-1} lin. long, }—1 lin. broad, linear-oblong,

obtuse, somewhat flattened, thinly pilose with 2 or more irregular

rows of long white spreading hairs on the back; flowers pedicellate,

few or many in. subglobose clusters 2-23 lin. in diam., terminal or

on short axillary branchlets; bracts solitary at the base of the

pedicels, linear-subspathulate, gland-ciliate and tipped with 2-3 long

hairs, usually not coming away with the flowers; calyx 2 lin. long,

obconic, sharply 4-angled, thin, 4-nerved, covered on the tube with

very long very spreading hairs and ciliate on the teeth with similar

hairs. and minute sessile glands; teeth opposite the angles, erect,

3 a8 long as the tube or rather more, deltoid-ovate, subacute or

obtuse ; corolla nearly 1 lin. long, narrow, gradually tapering from

apex to base, 4-angled, glabrous, apparently purple; lobes 4, rather

broader than long, erect, rounded ; anthers far exserted, basifixed or

dorsifixed close to the base, 3-2 lin. long, linear-oblong, slightly

narrowed to the base, spurless; ovary glabrous; stigma peltate,

disk-like, produced into a short terete or clavate point usually

towards the margin, rarely quite central. Codonostigma Erinus,

Klotasch ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 709.

Var. validus (N. E. Br.) ; ultimate branchlets much stouter than in the

type, 4~} lin. thick, more or less villous-pubescent ; leaves 3-4-nate, mostly

shorter than the internodes, 1-2} lin. long, 4-4 lin. broad, ovate to linear, vary-

ing from smooth and glabrous to tuberculate and more or less thinly pilose on

the back or at least ciliate with long spreading hairs; flower-heads globose,

1-2 lin. in diam., more compact than in the type ; flowers subsessile ; calyx-tube

varying from ciliate on the angles only to densely villous all over; anthers

4-2 lin. long; style rather stouter than in the type.

Coast Reeion: Caledon Div.; Klein River Mountains, Ecklon § Zeyher !

mountains between Caledon and Elim, Bolus, 6765! Var. 8: Caledon Div.;

Papies Vlei, 700 ft., Schlechter, 10439 ! Bredasdorp Div. ; mountains near Koude

River, 500 ft., Schlechter, 9728 !

By the courtesy of the Berlin authorities I have been enabled to examine

Klotzsch’s type of Codonostigma Erinus, and find it identical with the other

specimen quoted. Var. 8, although scarcely differing in its flowers from the

type, is so very distinct in appearance as to be readily distinguishable at a

glance, and, when both can be compared alive, may prove to be a distinct species.

8. 8. elimensis (N. E. Br.); 4-6 in. high, very much branched ;

branches and branchlets straggling, flexuose, puberulous, inter-

mingled with a longer pubescence, becoming glabrous; leaves 4-

nate, ascending or spreading, equalling or 1—} the length of the

internodes, 5-1} lin. long, linear-oblong, obtuse, thinly covered with

long spreading hairs on the minutely tuberculate back, or merely

ciliate or quite glabrous and smooth on the back; flowers shortly

pedicellate, 9-12 in terminal globose heads about 2 lin. in diam. ;

bract solitary, sometimes persistent on the axis, sometimes on

the pedicel and coming away with the flower ; calyx about 4 lin.

long, tubular-oblong or obconic, sharply 4-angled, thin; tube

varying from glabrous to thickly beset on the angles with long

Syndesmanthus. | ERICACE® (Brown). 379

spreading rather stiff hairs; teeth opposite the angles, half as long

as the tube, erect, ovate, obtuse, always ciliate with long stiff hairs ;

corolla about * lin. long, upper part more or less funnel-shaped,

abruptly narrowed into a slender tube below, glabrous; lobes 4,

broader than long, rounded, erect; anthers exserted, basifixed,

1 Jin, long, oblong, sputless; ovary glabrous ; stigma simple.

Var. 8, incertus (N. E. Br.); leaves rather narrower, linear, subacute,

rugulose and sometimes with a scanty minute pubescence on the back ; calyx

obconic, with finer, rather shorter and less spreading hairs than in the type ;

corolla sometimes gradually tapering from top to bottom, sometimes as in the

type on the same specimen ; anthers dorsifixed just above the base.

Coast Region: Bredasdorp Div.; hills near Elim, 200-900 ft., Bolus,

8517! Schlechter, 7641! Var. 8: Paarl Div.; mountains near French Hoek,

Schlechter, 10281 !

9. S. scaber (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 241, excl. all synonyms) ;

4-12 in. high, laxly branched or straggling; branches varying from

widely divergent to ascending, puberulous, somewhat villous-pubes-

cent or subtomentose, often crooked ; leaves usually 4- (occasionally

3-) nate, 1 to nearly 2 lin. long, very spreading or erect, linear,

obtuse, varying from thinly villous to nearly glabrous, more or less

rugulose ; flowers in globose terminal heads about 3 lin. in diam.,

shortly pedicellate or subsessile; bracts 0, except the floral-leaves

which sometimes come away attached to the base of the pedicel ;

calyx 2-8 lin. long, slightly obconic-oblong, sharply 4-angled, thin,

villous on the tube and ciliate on the teeth with long white spread-

ing hairs; teeth opposite the angles, half as long as the tube, erect,

deltoid-ovate to lanceolate-ovate, obtuse, usually with a small whitish

minutely puberulous patch on the back; corolla 1}-2 lin. long,

tubular, gradually tapering from apex to base, curved, glabrous ;

the exserted part from slightly longer than to nearly twice as long as

the calyx; lobes 4, erect, ovate, rounded ; anthers exserted, basi-

fixed, 1—} lin. long, oblong-linear, spurless ; ovary glabrous ; stigma

simple. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 706, excl, all synonyms.

Coast Reaion: Swellendam Div.; mountains near Swellendam, 1000-

3000 ft., Mund, 53! Riversdale Div.; Langeberg Range, near Riversdale,

Schlechter, 2192! George Div.; near the Great Brak River, 100 ft., Guthrie, —

4348 !

A specimen collected between Donker Hoek and Houw Hoek Mountains in

Caledon Div, (Burchell, 8106), has the exserted part of the corolla much shorter

than the calyx and more funnel-shaped than in the other specimens, but does not

otherwise differ, and is badly infested by insect galls, which may have arrested

development.

10. S. articulatus (Klotzsch in Linnza, xii. 241); 6-10 in. high,

compactly branched; branchlets puberulous or pubescent ; leaves

4-nate, 1-14 lin. long, straight or incurved, erect, imbricate or

shorter than the internodes, linear or lanceolate, subacute, more or

less rugulose and puberulous, pubescent or minutely scabrid on the

back ; flowers numerous, subsessile or very shortly pedicellate, in

380 ERicacEm (Brown). [Syudesmanthus,

axillary and terminal heads about + in. in diam. ; bracts 0, except

the floral leaves; calyx 2-% lin. long, obconic-tubular, sharply

4-angled, thin, hairy on the tube and ciliate on the teeth with long

white spreading hairs ; teeth opposite the angles, erect, 4+-} as long

as the tube, deltoid-ovate or oblong-ovate, obtuse or subacute ;

corolla 14—2 lin. long, oblong-tubular to somewhat funnel-shaped in

the upper part, rapidly narrowed into a slender tube below the

middle, curved or almost straight, glabrous, the exserted part varying

from shorter to much longer than the calyx ; lobes 4, erect, broadly

ovate, rounded; anthers exserted, 4—} lin. long, basifixed, linear-

oblong or sometimes by divergence of the cells narrowed to the base,

spurless ; ovary glabrous; stigma simple. Benth. in DC. Prodr.

vil. 706 (incl. var. hirtus). S. glaucus, Klotzsch, lc. 242; Benth.

le. 707. Bleria artieulata, Linn. Mant. ii. 198; Lam. Encycl. i.

429, Suppl. i. 640, and Illust. i. 315, t. 78; Wendl. Collect. ii. 19,

t. 44; Roem. § Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 169; Dietr. Synop. Pl. i.

444; Klotzsch in Linnea, viii. 666; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 804,

exel. the synonym Erica articulata, Thunb. from all. B. eriantha,

Willd. ex Steud. Nom. ed. 2,-i. 208. Erica eriocephala, Lam.

Eneyel. i. 489, and Suppl. i. 640, under Bleria. Erica paleacea,

Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 341.

VaR. 8, fasciculata (N. E. Br.) ; leaves puberulous or glabrous and more or

less shining on the rugulose back; calyx-tube glabrous or with here and there

2 hair on the angles ; teeth deltoid, subacute, ciliate with long hairs and having

a small minutely puberulous patch on the back; otherwise as in the type.

S. fasciculatus, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 240; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 707.

Sourn Arrica: without locality; Herb. Linneus ! Herb. Salisbury ! Drege!

Mund! Var, 8: Mund §& Maire!

Coast Region: Cape Div.; Cape Flats, Burchell, 705 partly ! 828! 8380!

Prior! Bolus, 2949! Wolley Dod, 903! Table Mountain, Prior ! Red Hill, near

Simonstown, Mrs. Jameson! Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland Mountains,

MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 38! Var. 8: Worcester Div. ;

Dutoits Kloof, 3000-4009 ft., Drége, 7788 ! Cape Div.; Cape Flats, Burchell,

705 partly! Burke! Wolley Dod, 905! Lions Rump, Schlechter, 47!

Var. hirtus, Benth. 1.c. founded upon Erica paleacea, Salisb., has rather more

hairy leaves than usual, but is otherwise indistinguishable from the typical form.

The type specimen of 8. fasciculatus (which by the courtesy of the Berlin

authorities I have been able to examine) is labelled ‘* 7788 Drége,’’ although

the number is not quoted by Klotzsch or Bentham.

11. S. similis (N. E. Br.) ; about 4-6 in. high; branehlets ereet,

rather crowded, puberulous ; leaves 4-nate, erectly imbricate, 1-1}

lin. long, linear, subacute, quite glabrous or the younger tipped with

1-5 erect white hairs; flowers in terminal heads about 3 lin. in

diam., subsessile, braetless except for the floral leaves; calyx § lin.

long, obconic-oblong, sharply 4-angled, villous on the tube and

ciliate on the teeth with long white spreading hairs; teeth opposite

the angles, erect, half as long as the tube, deltoid-oblong, obtuse ;

corolla 13-14 lin. long, slender, 4-lobed, gradually tapering down-

wards from the }-—% lin. broad mouth to the base, more or less

curved, glabrous, the exserted part 12 to nearly twice as long as the

Syndesmanthus. | ERICACEE (Brown). 381

calyx; anthers exserted, basifixed, linear-oblong, spurless; ovary

glabrous ; stigma simple.

Coast Recion: Swellendam Div.; mountains near Swellendam, 800 ft.

Bolus, 8098!

This much resembles 8. articulatus, Linn., in general appearance, but the

glabrous or hair-tipped leaves and more slender and more tapering corolla readily

distinguish it.

12. S. breviflorus (N. E. Br.); apparently about 6 in. high,

loosely branched; branchlets more or less flexuose, puberulous ;

leaves 4-nate, imbricate or as long as the internodes, erect, about

4 lin, long, ovate or elliptie-ovate, acute, glabrous or with a few

scattered hairs on the back and often ciliate with hairs or minute

sessile glands when young, those under the flower-heads often tipped

with a few hairs; flower-heads many, 11—2 lin. in diam., shortly

ovoid or ellipsoid; bracts 0 except the floral leaves; calyx of the

lowest flowers 2 lin. long, } lin. broad, 5-angledand -lobed or of the

upper flowers often 4-angled and lobed, dorsally flattened and

cuneate-obovate, oecasionally with an angle or keel down the dorsal

face; teeth alternating with the angles, the dorsal-tooth broad,

obtuse or rounded or oceasionally bifid, the others more deltoid,

subacute, all ciliate, as are sometimes the angles; corolla scareely

1 lin. long, funnel-shaped or gradually tapering to the base, 3—4-

angled and lobed, the exserted part shorter than or equalling the

calyx; lobes rounded ; anthers exserted, } lin, long, euneate-oblong,

spurless ; ovary glabrous; stigma capitate.

Coast Reeion: Bredasdorp Div ; hills near Elim, 200 ft., Sehlechter,

9727!

13. S. venustus (N. E. Br.); about 6 in. high; branchlets com-

pact, erect, glabrous or nearly so, whitish, becoming brown; leaves

3-nate, 2-1 lin. long, imbricate, linear-oblong to elliptic, flat on the

upper side, obtuse, entire or very minutely denticulate, glabrous ;

flowers 6-15 in a cluster, terminal, sessile in the axils of the leaves

of the head, otherwise bractless ; calyx * lin. long, slightly obconic-

tubular, thin, semitransparent, obtusely 3-angled and 3-toothed, with

slight ribs alternating with the angles, glabrous; teeth alternating

with the angles, half as long as the tube, oblong or ovate-oblong,

obtuse, ciliate, with some longer hairs at the tips ; corolla 1}-1¥ lin.

long; slender, tubular, slightly tapering downwards, much narrowed

and very slender within the calyx, 3-lobed, glabrous, the exserted

part longer than the calyx ; lobes erect, broader than long, rounded ;

stamens 3; anthers exserted, basifixed, } lin. long, narrowing to the

base, spurless ; ovary glabrous ; stigma dilated or subcapitate.

Coast Reoion: Caledon or Bredasdorp Div.; hills between Caledon and

Elim, 400 ft., Bolus, 8466! — "

14. §. Zeyheri (Bolus); about 8-12 in. high, compactly much

branched ; branchlets erect, finely pubescent or puberulous ; leaves

382 ERICACER (Brown), | Syndesmanthus.

4-5-nate, usually less than 1 lin. long, incurved-erect, shorter than

or slightly exceeding the internodes, often giving a somewhat beaded

appearance to the branches, ovate, acute, varying from smooth and

glabrous to minutely scabrid and shortly pubescent on the back,

usually ciliate ; flowers in terminal heads 3-4 lin. in diam,, sub-

sessile ; bracts 0, except the floral leaves ; calyx 3 lin. long, cuneate,

acutely 3-angled, 3-toothed, somewhat rigidly coriaceous, but not

thick, reddish-brown with a whitish stripe between the angles;

tube glabrous or with a few hairs in the grooves between the angles ;

teeth half as long as the tube, alternating with the angles, erect,

broadly deltoid, acute, ciliate to entirely without cilia; corolla

3-lobed, 13-2 lin. long, tubular, gradually tapering from or below

the middle to the slender base, the exserted part more than twice as

long as the calyx, glabrous, pink (Bolus) ; lobes much broader than

long, rounded, erect ; stamens 3; anthers much exserted, basifixed,

2-3 lin. long, cuneate, bipartite, spurless ; ovary glabrous; stigma

simple.

Coast Reraion; Caledon Div.; mountains of Klein River Kloof, Zeyher,

3315! hills between Caledon and Elim, 600 ft., Bolus, 8464! Bredasdorp Div. ;

hills near Bredasdorp, Bolws, 8465 !

15, S. pumilus (N. E. Br.) ; plant (excluding the root) 21-5 in.

high, divided into 2-6 main branches at or near the base; branches

erect or ascending, simple or with 1—4 branchlets, and including the

leaves, which teretely cover them to their base, 2-1 lin. in diam. ;

leaves 3-nate, erectly imbricate, 2-1 lin. long, lanceolate, acute,

glabrous or the upper minutely puberulous and usually finely ciliate,

those at the centre of the flower-spikes minutely glandular at the

tips; flower-spikes 5-20 to a plant, erect, ovoid or oblong; bracts

0, except the floral leaves ; calyx }-2 lin, long, 1-1 lin. broad,

3-toothed ; tube cuneate, dorsally flattened, acutely 2-angled, with

1 keel on the dorsal side and 3 subequal keels (one of them being

the 3rd angle) on the side next the axis, glabrous ; teeth alternating

with the angles, deltoid, acute, densely ciliate with long and some-

what woolly hairs; corolla 12-21 lin. long, the exserted part 2-3

times as long as the calyx, tubular, gradually tapering from below

the middle to the very slender base, 3-lobed, red ; lobes about as

long as broad, very obtuse ; anthers exserted, basifixed, 1 lin. long,

with a row of hairs down the back of each cell, spurless ; stigma

simple.

Coast Reaion: Bredasdorp Div.; Elim, Schlechter, 7651!

A very distinct species, having the appearance of an annual, but woody.

16. S. globiceps (N. E. Br.) ; much branched; branchlets some-

what puberulous, perhaps slightly viscid; leaves 4-nate, erect or

spreading, imbricate or shorter than the internodes, 2—1+ lin. long,

linear-lanceolate, acute, glabrous or puberulous, sometimes tipped

with a few hairs when young ; flower-heads rather copious, 2-3 lin.

Syndesmanthus. | ERICACEA (Brown). 383

in diam., globose, mostly erect ; bracts 0, except the floral leaves ;

calyx lin. long, }—$ lin. broad, elliptic to narrowly rhomboid-

obovate in dorsal outline, 3-angled, 3-toothed, ciliate with rather

long hairs on the angles and on the deltoid acute teeth, which

alternate with the angles and are nearly as long as the tube, other-

wise glabrous, reddish with a central white stripe down each face of

the tube; corolla 1-11 lin. long, the exserted. part equalling or

shorter than the calyx, funnel-shaped to cup-shaped, trigonous,

3-lobed, abruptly contracted into a slender tube at the top of the

calyx ; lobes nearly or quite as long as broad, deltoid-ovate, acute or

suhacute, compressed-concave ; stamens 3; anthers about } lin. long,

partly or completely exserted beyond the lobes, the cells very much

narrowed at the base and sometimes distinctly stalked, spurless ;

ovary l-celled ; stigma simple.

Coast ReGion: Bredasdorp Div.; hills near Elim, 300 ft., Bolus, 6766!

Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 6769! mountains near Koude River, 1000 ft,, Schlechter,

9613! '

17. §. gracilis (N. E. Br.) ; apparently about 4~9 in, high,

laxly or compactly branched ; branchlets puberulous to softly pubes-

cent, reddish-brown ; leaves usually 4-nate, but sometimes 3-nate on

the same plant, ereet to slightly spreading, imbricate to } as long as

the internodes, 2-11 lin. long, linear or lanceolate, obtuse to acute,

pubescent with spreading hairs to nearly glabrous, usually ciliate,

and often with a tuft of 2-8 long hairs at the apex when young,

often rugulose ; flowers subsessile or minutely pedicellate, in globose

terminal heads 2-21 lin. in diam.; bracts 0; calyx }—§ lin. long,

narrowly obconie-oblong to obovoid-obconic, acutely 3-4-angled,

3-4-toothed, thin, ciliate with long white spreading hairs on the

teeth and angles of the tube or the tube glabrous; teeth alternating

with the angles, erect, }-3 as long as the tube, deltoid or deltoid-

ovate to sublanceolate, acute or subobtuse ; corolla 1-1 lin. long,

the exserted part as long as or rather longer than the calyx, funnel-

shaped at the upper 3—3, then abruptly narrowed into a very slender

(filiform) tube; lobes erect, broader than long, rounded when

flattened out, but often with incurved margins and appearing deltoid-

ovate and subacute; anthers exserted, basifixed, 4—-} lin. long,

narrowly oblong or slightly narrowed downwards, spurless ; ovary

glabrous; stigma simple. S. scaber, var. gracilis, Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 707.

Coast Reaion: Caledon Div. ; mountains near Genadendal, Burchell,

7797! Schlechter, 10312! 10316! on the Zwart Berg, near Caledon, 2600 ft.,

Bolus, 5415! and in Herb. Norm, Austr.-Afr., 1200! and near Sandfontein,

1000 ft., Schlechter, 10354! hill near Ganze Kraal, Burchell, 7558!

18. S. sympiezoides (N. E. Br.) ; apparently less than 1 ft. high,

loosely branched; branches ascending or somewhat divergent,

puberulous, brown; leaves 4-nate, erect, incurved, equalling or

shorter than the internodes, 2-1} lin. long, }—} lin. broad, ovate ta

384 ERICACE® (Brown). | Syndesmanthus.

lanceolate, acute or subacute, puberulous, becoming glabrous and

minutely tuberculate-scabrid; flower-heads numerous, subglobose,

; in. in diam. ; bracts 0, except the floral leaves; ealyx 2—* lin.

long, }—% lin. broad, of the lower flowers 3-angled and 3-toothed,

broadly or orbicular-obovate, of the upper or central flowers 3-—4-

angled and toothed, cuneate-obovate, ciliate on the angles and teeth,

otherwise glabrous; teeth alternating with the angles, about half as

long as the tube, as broad as or broader than long, the dorsal broader,

less deltoid and more obtuse than the other 2 ; corolla about 14 lin.

_ long, 3-lobed, or of the central flowers sometimes 4-lobed, narrowly

funnel-shaped above, narrowed at the middle into a slender tube,

the exserted part about as long as the ealyx; lobes about as long as

broad, ovate, truncate or subemarginate at the apex; stamens 3;

anthers exserted, basifixed, } lin. long, spurless ; stigma simple.

Coast Recion: Bredasdorp Div.; Elim, 250 ft., Schlechter, 7704!

19, 8. pulchellus (N. E. Br.); about 3-4 in. high or with

straggling or decumbent branches 5-6 in. long; branchlets diver- —

gent-ascending or erect, glabrous ; leaves 3-nate, imbricate to shorter

than the internodes, erect, slightly incurved, * lin. long or less,

broadly ovate, subacute, thick, very convex on the back, flat on the

upper side, scabrous on the acute cartilaginous margins, glabrous,

shining ; flowers subsessile, 9-15 in terminal heads about 2 lin. in

diam. ; bracts 0 except the floral leaves ; calyx } lin. long, tubular-

oblong or slightly obconic, sharply 4-angled, thin, almost nerveless

between the angles ; tube glabrous; teeth alternating with the

angles, erect, very short and broad, scarcely 1 as long as the tube,

subaeute, ciliate with rather long fine bairs; corolla rather more

than 1 lin. long, the exserted part longer than the calyx, broadly

funnel- or cup-shaped, 4-lobed, abruptly narrowed above the middle

into a slender tube, which is partly exserted from the calyx, glabrous,

pink ; lobes erect, broader than long, rounded; anthers exserted,

basifixed, divided quite to the base, with very narrow linear slightly

divergent cells, spurless ; ovary narrowly ellipsoid, glabrous; stigma

simple.

Coast Recion: Bredasdorp Div.; mountains of Elands Kloof, 1000 ft.,

Schlechter, 9744. |

Erica Bleria, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 85. Bleria ericoides, var. pallida, G. Don,

Gen. Syst. iii. 804, may be a species of Syndesinanthus or Simocheilus, it seems

scarcely to belong to Bleria.

XIII. ANOMALANTHUS, Klotzsch.

Bracts 3. Calyx small, shortly 4-toothed ; tube shortly campanu-

late, rarely oblong, usually without angles, rarely 4-angled, fleshy,

becoming much enlarged, eylindric-oblong, ellipsoid, obovoid or sub-

globose and very thick in fruit, with a contracted mouth. Corolla

Anomalanthus. | | ERICACEE (Brown). 385

hypogynous, tubular, tubular-campanulate, obconic-campanulate or

the upper part inflated-oblong or subglobose and much contracted

below, 4-lobed. Stamens 4, hypogynous, much exserted; filaments

and anthers free. Ovary narrowly ovoid, l-celled, with 1 pendulous

ovule; style much exserted ; stigma simple, thickened or capitate.

Fruit small, apparently indehiscent ; pericarp thin.

Small shrubs resembling Erica; leaves often with small leafy tufts in their

axils forming distant whorls on the elongated branchlets ; flowers solitary or 2

to several in small clusters, axillary or at the ends of short axillary branchlets ;

bracts coming away with the calyx; fruit probably falling off enclosed in the

fleshy calyx.

DistriB. Species 10, endemic.

This genus is readily distinguished from Syndesmanthus by its relatively small

(4-2 lin. long) fleshy calyx becoming much enlarged and thickened in fruit, as

well as by the usually very different and somewhat peculiar habit, From Simo-

cheilus it is distinguished by its 1-celled ovary, and, with the exception of those

species of that genus which form the genus Pachycalyx of Klotzsch, also by

habit. The corolla, although glabrous, apparently often has a velvet-like surface

something like that of a Pelargonium petal. The length of the petiole is always

included in the measurements given for the leaves.

* Flowering-calyx campanulate or cup-shaped, either

without anglesor ribs or obscurely or obtusely 4-angled: _

+ Leaves minutely puberulous to finely pubescent,

at least when young :

Calyx-tube puberulous or pubescent :

‘ Corolla 14-14 lin. long:

Corolla tubular, narrowed at the

base; stigma minutely capitate ... (1) Marlothii.

Corolla globose or globose-ovoid, con-

tracted into a very narrow tube

below; stigma simple 5)

Corolla nearly 1 lin. long, obconic-cam-

panulate; stigma capitate ide i

Calyx-tube glabrous; corolla 1 lin. long,

tubular-campanulate ; stigma simple ©

{+ Leaves glabrous (or on the back only in A.

collinus), rarely with gland-tipped hairs on the

margins; calyx-tube glabrous :

Corolla 13-14 lin. long :

Corolla straight, inflated-oblong, much

contracted at the basal third ; anthers

spurless,.. as = 8 iy a

Corolla curved, tubular, subglobose-

clavate at the apex; anthers very

shortly spurred dis ste -

Corolla 3-1 lin. long :

Dried corolla with a dark band around

the middle; anther-spurs arising from

the filaments below the cells ... ... (5) discolor,

Dried corolla without a dark band around

the middle; anther-spurs at the base

of the cells, sometimes subobsolete :

Fruiting-calyx cylindric or cylin-

dric-ovoid ... ons wi “i

Fruiting-calyx obovoid or subglobose

** Flowering-calyx tubular-campanulate or tubular-

oblong, sharply 4-angled ‘eek ss. wee (10) anguliger,

(4) Galpini.

(6) parviflorus.

(7) puberulus.

(2) collinus.

(3) curviflorus.

8) scoparius.

9) turbinatus,

386 ERICACEE (Brown). | Anomalanthus.

1. A. Marlothii (N. E. Br.); about a foot high, rather rigidly

branched, only leafy on the short young branchlets, which are

puberulous, greyish ; leaves 3- or occasionally 4-nate, suberect, more

or less imbricate, 2-12 lin. long, linear, obtuse, minutely puberulous,

becoming glabrous; flowers in small axillary clusters congested

towards the ends of the short branchlets, subsessile; bracts sub-

equal, + lin. long, puberulous; calyx + lin. long, cup-shaped, with

short triangular acute teeth, not at all ribbed, puberulous; corolla

1} lin. long, tubular, narrowed at the base; glabrous ; lobes short,

erect, obtuse ; staminal filaments 11 lin. long, glabrous; anthers

exserted, basifixed, nearly } lin. long, slightly cuneate-oblong, with

2 minute teeth or angles at the base ; ovary puberulous all over;

style about 1% lin. long; stigma minute, capitate,

Centrat Reaion: Worcester Div.; hills near Touws River, 2500 ft.,

Marloth, 2996!

2. A. collinus (N. E. Br.); about 1 ft. high, main branches very

stout, branchlets crowded, erect, puberulous, whitish ; leaves 3-nate,

ascending, subimbricate, 3—1 lin. long, linear-subterete with acute

margins, obtuse, slightly incurved, minutely puberulous on the

upper side, glabrous on the back ; flowers 3 in a cluster, axillary or

on very short axillary branchlets, subsessile or minutely pedicellate ;

bracts subequal and about half as long as the calyx-tube or one

longer than the rest, puberulous; calyx 3 lin. long, campanulate, not

angular nor ribbed, shortly 4-toothed, fleshy, glabrous, minutely

ciliate on the teeth; corolla 14-12 lin. long, straight, somewhat

inflated-oblong, much contracted at the basal third, glabrous; lobes

broader than long, emarginate or subtruncate at the apex, incurved ;

anthers much exserted, 4. lin. long, cuneately narrowed to the spur-

less base; ovary pubescent; stigma slightly thickened.

CentTRAL Reaion: Worcester Div.; Touws River, 2500 ft., Marloth, 2995!

3. A. curviflorus (N. E. Br.) ; branchlets puberulous, greyish ;

leaves 3-nate, 1-3 lin. long, linear, semiterete, subacute, glabrous;

whorls distant on the main branches, crowded on the short or tuft-

like axillary branchlets; flowers 3-15 in small clusters on the

axillary branchlets, subsessile ; braets very unequal, the larger often

as long as the calyx-tube, leaf-like, glabrous, ciliate, at least at the

base ; calyx nearly } lin. long, campanulate, 4—5-toothed, glabrous,

not angular, fleshy; teeth } as long as the tube, deltoid, acute,

minutely eiliate ; corolla.1} lin. long, much curved, tubular, sub-

globose-clavate at the apex, glabrous, rather thick, apparently

purple ; teeth as broad as long, obtuse, erect; anthers exserted,

basifixed, 3 lin. long, cuneately narrowed at the very shortly spurred

base ; spurs awn-like, partly adnate. to the filament, pendent ; ovary

puberulous ; style much exserted ; stigma thickened or subcapitate,

Coast Reaion ;: Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek, Zeyher, 3174!

Anomalanthus. | ERICACEE (Brown). 387

4. A. Galpini (N. FE. Br.); branehlets softly pubescent, brown ;

leaves 3-nate, 8-2 lin. long, linear, subterete, subobtuse, puberulous

with short spreading hairs, intermingled with a few gland-tipped

hairs on the margins and petiole; whorls distant on the main

branches, usually with crowded tufts in their axils; flowers in

clusters of 3 on the very short tuft-like axillary branchlets, sub-

sessile; bracts 1-1 lin. long, linear, obtuse, puberulous; calyx

1 lin. long, campanulate, obtusely 4-angled, minutely adpressed-

puberulous ; teeth opposite the angles, very short, broadly deltoid,

obtuse, ciliate with sessile glands; corolla 14 lin. long, glabrous,

apparently purple, upper half inflated globose-ovoid or globose,

obtusely 4-angled, nearly closed at the mouth by the connivent

broadly deltoid-ovate lobes, basal half abruptly contracted into a

very narrow tube ; staminal filaments 1} lin. long; anthers exserted,

basifixed, nearly + lin. long, cuneately narrowed to the spurred base ;

spurs awn-like or slightly flattened, pendent ; ovary glabrous ; style

21 lin. long; stigma simple.

Coast Re@ion: Riversdale Div.; north spur of Mozambique Kop, near

Garcias Pass, 2000 ft., Galpin, 3730 !

' 5. A. discolor (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 239); branches and

branchlets erect, more or less flexuose, minutely puberulous and

greyish when young, becoming ylabrous and dark brown, soon becom-

ing leafless at the lower part ; leaves 3-nate, $—-1} lin. long, linear, |

acute, glabrous, incurved, spreading or imbricate, longer or shorter

than the internodes, often with small tufts in their axils; flowers

solitary or perhaps 2-3 together, axillary and terminal, very shortly

pedicellate ; bracts subequal, linear, obtuse, adpressed to and about

half as long as the calyx, glabrous, minutely ciliate ; calyx nearly

2 lin. long, campanulate, not angular, becoming ellipsoid and about

1 lin. long in fruit, fleshy, glabrous ; teeth half as long as the tube,

like an equilateral triangle in outline, acute, thick, erect, ciliate

with minute sessile glands, no hairs; corolla about 1 lin. long,

somewhat clavate-tubular, the upper half oblong-ovoid, tapering

below, slightly curved, the exserted part much longer than the calyx,

except in fruit, glabrous, subviolaceous-rosy with a whitish limb, ex

Klotzsch, but in the dried state with a broad dark band around the

middle on a paler ground; anthers exserted, basifixed, } lin. long,

slightly narrowed to the base, with awn-like curved spurs from the

filaments a little below the cells; ovary puberulous; stigma simple.

Codonanthemum discolor, Benth. in DC. Prodr, vii. 708.

Coast Reciox: Riversdale Div, ; not fur from the Gauritz River in Kanna-

land, Ecklon § Zeyher, 292!

Described from the type in the Berlin Herbarium. It resembles A, scoparius

in general spipensdgieas taht differs in its broader gland-ciliate calyx-teeth and the

brown-banded corolla.

_ 6. A. parviflorus (N. E. Br.); apparently over a foot high,

rather laxly branehed ; branchlets puberulous, whitish or pale grey ;

ce 2

388 ERiCACEH (Brown). [ Anomalanthus.

leaves 8-nate, 3-12 lin. long, linear, obtuse, puberulous, erect or

ascending, varying from slightly imbricate to shorter than the inter-

nodes ; flowers 3-6 (or 9%), sessile or subsessile in small head-like

axillary and terminal clusters; bracts subequal or 1 longer or shorter

than the others and often leaf-like, nearly or quite as long as the

calyx-tube, linear, obtuse, often slightly thickened at the apex,

pubescent ; calyx 3-3 lin. long, eampanulate, slightly fleshy, not

angular nor ribbed, densely white-pubescent, especially on the tube ;

teeth about 3 as long as the tube, erect, deltoid, acute; corolla

nearly 1 lin. long, obeonic-campanulate, glabrous ; lobes erect, much

broader than long, rounded ; anthers exserted, 3 lin. long, dorsifixed

just above the base, oblong, spurless; ovary somewhat turbinate or

obconic with a short conical top, densely pubescent; stigma small,

capitate. Bleria parviflora, Klotzsch in Linnea, viii. 665. Blairia

parviflora, Dietr. Synop. Pl. i. 444. Codonanthemum parviflorum,

Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 240; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 708.

Coast ReGion: Swellendam Div.; Tradouw, Mund!

Described from the type in the Berlin Herbarium.

7. A. puberulus (N. E. Br.); branchlets velvety-pubeseent, pale

brown ; leaves 3-nate, 1-2 lin. long, linear, subterete, obtuse, finely

pubescent with spreading hairs; whorls on the main branches

distant, usually with crowded tufts in their axils; flowers in small

clusters on the tuft-like axillary branchlets, subsessile ; bracts un-

equal, linear, puberulous, the larger 3 lin. long ; calyx } lin. long,

probably enlarging in fruit, campanulate, shortly 4-toothed, minutely

ciliate on the teeth, otherwise quite glabrous (not pubescent as

deseribed), smooth, not angular nor ribbed; corolla 1 lin. long,

tubular-campanulate, glabrous; lobes very short and broad, obtuse,

erect; staminal filaments about 1} lin. long; anthers exserted,

basifixed, 4 lin. long, cuneately narrowed to the spurred base; spurs

pendent, sublanceolate, usually with 1-2 obtuse lobules or crenations

on the inner margin; ovary minutely pubescent; style 14-1} lin.

long; stigma simple. Bleria puberula, Klotzsch in Linnea, vil.

661. Blairia puberula, Dietr. Synop. Pl. i. 443. Codonanthemum

puberulum, Klotasch in Linnea, xii, 240.

Sovtn AFRICA: without locality, Mund § Maire!

8. A. scoparius (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 239); branchlets

puberulous, greyish ; leaves 3-nate, distant on the main stems, often

with small dense tufts in their axils, imbricate at the tips of the

shoots, linear, glabrous; flowers in small axillary elusters or at the

ends of the very short axillary branchlets, subsessile or very shortly

pedicellate ; bracts 3, 1-1 lin. long, linear, minutely ciliate; calyx

+_1 lin. long, campanulate, becoming 3-1 lin. long, cylindric or

eylindric-ovoid and fleshy in fruit, shortly 4-toothed, glabrous,

smooth, not ribbed or angled; teeth erect, deltoid, minutely ciliate ;

corolla *~1 lin, long, somewhat funnel-shaped or tubular-campanu-

Anomalanthus. | ERICACER (Brown). 389

late, straight or scareely curved, somewhat 4-angled, glabrous, purple ;

lobes erect, short, obtuse; staminal filaments 11-1} lin. long;

anthers exserted, basifixed, $ to nearly } lin. long, cuneately

narrowed to the shortly spurred base; spurs awn-like, pendent,

sometimes reduced td mere points ; ovary puberulous; style 11-12

lin. long; stigma simple. remia parviflora, Drége in Linnea,

xx. 190, not of Klotzsch. Codonanthemum tenue, Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 708.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Mund!

Coast ReGion: Tulbagh Div.; Witsenberg, Burchell, 8725! Stellenbosch

Div.; Lowrys Pass, 400 ft., Guthrie, 2280! Caledon Div. ; Donker Hoek Moun-

tain, Burchell, 7992! mountains near Genadendal, Burchell, 7898! Drége,

7791! Knoffloks Kraal, Ecklon 5° Zeyher (ex Klotzsch)! Houw Hoek Moun-

tains, Zeyher, 5824! Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 194! Schlechter, 7562!

Zwart Berg, near Caledon, Zeyher, 3347! Bredasdorp Div.; hills near Mier

Kraal, Schlechter, 10534! Swellendam Div.; Tradouw Pass, Schlechter, 2077 !

9. A. turbinatus (N. E. Br.) ; branches spreading and ascending,

whitish, puberulous ; leaves 3-nate, 411} lin. long, linear-subterete,

with acute margins, obtuse, glabrous; whorls usually distant, with

tuft-like branchlets in their axils; flowers 1-3 on the axillary tuft-

like branchlets, subsessile; bracts unequal, minute or with thick

clavate leaf-like tips; calyx + lin. long, campanulate, becoming

obovoid or globose-obovoid and { lin. in diam. in fruit, fleshy,

shortly 4-toothed, glabrous, not angular nor ribbed, teeth erect in

flower, abruptly inflexed in fruit, with a few minute sessile glands

on the margins, but no hairs ; corolla nearly 1 lin. long, somewhat

obeonic-campanulate, slightly oblique, glabrous; lobes broader than

long, rounded, erect ; anthers exserted, basifixed, cuneately narrowed

to the spurred base; spurs awn-like, very short or subobsolete,

pendent, straight or incurved to the filament; ovary long, narrow,

puberulous ; stigma simple.

Coast Recion: Bredasdorp Div. ; hills near Elim, 400 ft., Bolus, 8463 !

10. A. anguliger (N. E. Br.) ; branches slender, spreading and

ascending, thinly covered with very minute gland-tipped hairs or

subseaberulous; leaves 3-nate, 3-1} lin. long, linear-subterete,

apiculate-acute or gland-tipped, glabrous, with 1-3 minute stalked

glands on each margin; whorls distant, with short leafy or tuft-

like branchlets in their axils; flowers 1-3 together, axillary and

terminal on the short axillary branchlets, minutely pedicellate ;

bracts subequal, searcely half as long as the calyx-tube, linear, acute,

or gland-tipped, minutely ciliate ; calyx at first 5—} lin. long, tubular-

campanulate, or tubular-oblong, sharply 4-angled, glabrous, fleshy,

soon enlarging ; angles opposite the teeth ; teeth half as long as the

flowering tube, deltoid, acute, erect, minutely gland-ciliate ; corolla

8 lin. long, tubular, glabrous, the tube becoming included in fruit,

rather thick and almost fleshy at the upper part; lobes longer than

broad, oblong or narrowly deltoid-oblong, obtuse or subacute, erect ;

390 BRICACEZ (Brown). [ Anomalanthus.

anthers exserted, basifixed, cuneately narrowed to the spurred base ;

spurs awn-like, pendent; ovary long and narrow, minutely puberu-

lous ; stigma simple.

Coast REGIon: Riversdale Div.; Garcias Pass, 1000 ft., Galpin, 3731!

XIII4. EREMIOPSIS, N. E. Br.

Bracts 3. Calyx very deeply and equally 4-lobed. Corolla small,

hypogynous, campanulate, 4-lobed, longer than the calyx. Stamens

8, hypogynous, included; filaments and anthers free; anthers

bipartite, the cells distant, separated from each other by the dilated,

somewhat crutch-like apex of the filaments. Ovary 1-celled, with

one pendulous ovule; style included, abruptly curved down upon

the side of the ovary at its base, then erect and recurved at the apex ;

stigma simple. Frudt (not seen fully ripe) very small, subglobose,

apparently indehiscent ; pericarp thin.

An erect branching shrublet, much resembling an Eremia or Grisebachia

eremioides in general appearance; leaves small, spreading; flowers small, in

small terminal clusters of 2-6.

Disrris. Species 1, endemic,

1. E. curvistyla (N. E. Br.) ; a small shrublet, apparently of lax

straggling habit ; branchlets irregular, slender, puberulous; leaves

3-nate, spreading-recurved, 3-1 lin, long with the petiole, 1—1 lin.

broad, linear-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acute, mucronate, nearly

flat above, convex and grooved beneath, glabrous, ciliate with 2-8

long gland-tipped hairs on each side, not shining in the dried state ;

flowers in terminal clusters of 2-6 on short lateral branchlets, sub-

. Sessile or on very minute pedicels ; braets 3, subequal, about + lin.

long, ovate, acute, glabrous, ciliate ; calyx 3 lin. long, equally 4-

lobed to more than $ of the way down ; lobes } lin. broad, elliptic,

carinate-apiculate, glabrous, ciliate, with a pale obscure keel and a

dark A-shaped mark at the apex; corvlla’ campanulate, slightly

4-angled, 4-lobed, glabrous ; tube 3 lin. long; lobes 4 lin. long, and

about as broad, rounded, erect, entire; stamens 8, included; fila-

ments nearly § lin. long, filiform, dilated and somewhat crutch-

like at the apex, glabrous ; anthers 4 lin. long, bipartite, with distant

parallel cells, dorsally spurred at the base ; spurs very slender, awn-

like, rather more than half as long as the cells; ovary globose-

ovoid, 1-celled, with 1 ovule, glabrous ; style 3-1 lin. long, filiform,

glabrous, included from being curved down against the side of the

ovary at the base, then erect and incurved at the apex; stigma

simple, not thickened.

Sourn ArRica: without locality, Herb. Salisbury! Ward!

Coast Reaion: Worcester Div., Niven!

This is the plant of Niven’s quoted by Bentham in DC. Prodr. vii. 700, under

Eremia parvifiora, K1., but it is totally different from that plant in its structure ;

the style is very remarkable, :

Aniserica. | ERICACEs® (Brown). 391

XLV. ANISERICA, N. E. Br.

Bracts 0, except the minute floral leaves. Calyx tubular-cam-

panulate or campanulate, coriaceous, equally 4-toothed or 4-lobed.

Corolla hypogynous, much longer than the calyx, tubular, 2-lobed.

Stamens 4, hypogynous, exserted at maturity; filaments free, fili-

form, glabrous ; anthers free, basifixed, divided almost to the base,

spurless, opening by short oblique pores. Ovary seated on a small

disk, 2-celled; style exserted, filiform, glabrous; stigma minute,

simple. Ovules solitary in each eell, pendulous. Frwit not seen.

A small shrub or shrublet resembling an Erica ; leaves grooved down the

convex back; flowers small, numerous in terminal clusters, mostly on short

lateral branchlets which are often crowded at the ends of longer branchlets,

DistRiB. Species 1, endemic.

1, A. gracilis (N. E. Br.) ; much branched ; branchlets erect,

densely and minutely pubescent as well as pilose; leaves 3-nate,

imbricate or about as long as the internodes, ascending or erect,

2_91 lin, long with the petiole, linear, oblong-linear or rarely some-

what ovate, obtuse or subacute, glabrous, ciliate (at least when

young) with a few long spreading hairs and also on the petiole;

flowers in dense head-like globose or ovoid terminal clusters 2—4 lin.

in diam.; clusters compound, leafy, the flowers solitary or 2-3

together on very short peduncles in the axils of the leaves, very

shortly pedicellate ; bracts 0 ; calyx }—3 lin. long, tubular-campanu-

late or campanulate, coriaceous, nerveless, glabrous, apparently red ;

tube variable in length; teeth }-} as long as the tube, erect, ovate,

obtuse or subacute, not ciliate; corolla 1-11 lin. long, tubular or

oblong-tubular, narrowed at the base, glabrous, the 2 lobes con-

nivent and almost closed together and rounded on the back, or

gaping and straight at the back, red (Galpin) ; anthers basifixed, less

than 1 lin. long, linear-oblong, more or less cuneate at the spurless

base ; ovary compressed-oblong, glabrous ; stigma simple. Bleria

gracilis, Bartl. in Linnea, vii. 650. Sympieza Kunthii, Klotzsch

in Linnea, Viii. 656 and xii. 230; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 705.

Var. B, hispida (N. E. Br.) ; leaves (at least when young) thinly beset with

long spreading hairs on the back and sometimes on the upper side, often tubereu-

late ; corolla 1-1} lin. long, white (Burchell), pale pink (Galpin) ; otherwise as in

the type. Sympteza Kunthii, Klotzsch, vars. hispida and trachyphylla, Benth,

in DC. Prodr. vii. 705. Bleria depressa, Drége, and B. ericoides, Drege ex

Benth. l.c.

SoutH AFRICA: without locality, Zeyher! Var. 8, Rowburgh! Drege!

Coast Region : Caledon Div. ; Genadendal Mountain, 3200-5000 ft., Galpin,

3725! 3726! Bredasdorp Div.; near Potteberg, Mund, 49! Swellendam Div. ;

mountains near Voormansbosch, Ludawig §*° Beil! mountains near the Zonder-

einde River, Zeyher, 3318! Var. B: Tulbagh Div.; mountains near Saron,

2400 ft., Schlechter, 1C688! Stellenbosch Div. ; Stellenbosch, Prior! Lowrys

Pass, Schlechter, 1162! Caledon Div. ; Houw Hoek, Schlechter, 5462! moun-

tains near Caledon, 00 ft., Drége! Swellendam Div. ; mountain peak

near Swellendam, Burchell, 7301! Riversdale Div. ; Garcias Pass, Burchell,

392 ERICACEX (Brown). [ Aniserica.

7037! Mozimbique Kop, Galpin, 3723! summit of Kampsche Berg, Burchell,

7130! George Div.; Cradock Berg, near George, Burchell, 5911!

The corolla often appears to be pink when in bud, but usually dries white. In

some specimens, as in the type, the corolla-lobes seem always to be more or less

closed together, in others as wide apart as the diameter of the tube; but whether

this is a condition of age or a varietal character must be determined from the

living plants. The name gracilis is very inappropriate to this plant, but as it is

the oldest, I retain it. Burchell, 7301, on which Bentham founded his var.

brachyphylla, is only a stunted form of var. hispida.

XV. SYMPIEZA, Lichtenstein.

Bracts (besides the floral-leaves) 0 or rarely 2. Calyx of the

lowest or of all the flowers dorsally flattened, 2-edged and 2-lobed,

of the central or upper flowers sometimes 3-4-angled, 3—4-lobed.

Corolla hypogynous, tubular to funnel-shaped (dorsally compressed 2),

2-lobed ; lobes rounded, gaping. Stamens 4, hypogynous ; filaments

free, filiform, glabrous ; anthers free, more or less exserted, basifixed,

bipartite, with parallel cells, spurless, often scabrid, opening by

oblique pores. Ovary seated on a disk, dorsally compressed, oblong,

obtuse or emarginate at the apex, 2-celled; style slender, filiform,

exserted, glabrous ; stigma simple or slightly thickened or minutely

capitate; ovule solitary in each cell, pendulous. Fruit not seen

fully ripe, dorsally much flattened, apparently usually 2-celled, with —

a very thin pericarp.

Small shrubs or shrublets resembling Erica ; leaves grooved down the convex

back ; flower-heads terminal, subglobose, erect or nodding ; flowers subsessile,

nea in the axils of the bracts (floral-leaves), the lower of which are leaf-

like.

Distris. Species 8, endemic.

In the following descriptions the measurements of the leaves always include

the petiole, which is sometimes half as long as the blade; and the descriptions

of the calyx only apply to the dorsally flattened 2-edged and 2-lobed calyces

characteristic of the genus; the 3-4-angled and lobed calyces often found in the

upper or central part of the head are not taken into consideration, All the

species of this genus require to be carefully studied from life in their natural

habitats. Scarcely any two specimens I have examined have flowers that are

identical, and although it is not difficult to sort them into the species here

retained, it is doubtful whether §. articulata, S. capitellata, and S. tenuiflora

should be considered as distinct varieties of one species or be further subdivided.

Probably the species hybridize freely and thus produce a considerable range of

variation.

Corolla white, the exserted part not tapering down-

wards ... sa oy be ths oe ... (1) eckloniana,

Corolla red or pink, never white when dried : '

Corolla not more than 1 lin. long, funnel-shaped,

the exserted part shorter than the calyx ... (2) breviflora.

Corolla 14-2} lin. long, the exserted part at least

He and usually 14-3 times as long as the

calyx: —

* Calyx-lobes distinctly ciliate as seen under

Sympieza. | ERICACEE (Brown). 393

a lens, and often conspicuously so to the

naked eye :

Leaves glabrous within the cavity in

transverse section; corolla 14-1 lin.

long, abruptly or rapidly narrowed

at the middle into a slender tube

below... st tes id ... (3) vestita.

Leaves usually densely lined with hairs

within the cavity in transverse sec-

tion :

Corolla scarcely narrower within

the calyx than at the apex, 14-13

lin. long ... jt ae

Corolla distinctly much narrower

within the calyx than at the

apex :

Corolla 14-12 lin. long, the

exserted part not more than

1} times as long as the calyx

and not tapering downwards (5) brachyphylla.

Corolla 13-24 lin. long, the

exserted part nearly or quite

twice as long as the calyx

and often tapering down-

wards ia isi ... (6) articulata,

** Calyx-lobes as seen under a lens very

thinly or inconspicuously ciliate with

minute hairs or sessile glands or both

or without cilia (see also 5, S. brachy-

phylla) : :

Corolla 14 to nearly 2 lin. long, the

exserted part twice as long as the

calyx or less j oa ie i

Corolla about 24 lin. long, slender,

tubular, the exserted part about 3

times as long as the calyx... ... (8) tenuiflora.

(4) pallescens.

(7) capitellata.

1. 8. eckloniana (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 229); densely much

branched ; branchlets very copious and slender, villous-pubeseent or

puberulous ; leaves 3-nate, imbricate to shorter than the internodes,

ascending or erect, 1-11 lin. long, linear or linear-lanceolate, acute,

glabrous, sometimes minutely ciliate when young; flower-heads

very copious, 13-2 lin. in diam.; calyx } lin. long, } lin. broad ;

tube subrectangular or subquadrate, thin, glabrous, apparently light-

reddish ; lobes broadly deltoid, subacute or rounded, shortly ciliate ;

corolla 14-14 lin. long, tubular or oblong-tubular, narrowed at the

base, not broader across the short lobes than elsewhere, white ;

anthers + lin. long, slightly cuneate-oblong ; stigma simple. Benth.

in DC. Prodr, vii. 705.

Coast Region: Caledon Div.; Klein River Mountains, Heklon! moun-

tains near Hermanus, 300-500 ft., Galpin, 3727! Guthrie, 4115! Bolus,

9848!

- Q. 8. breviflora (N. E. Br.) ; apparently about 6 in. high, much

ranched; branchlets tortuous, pubescent or puberulous; leaves

3-nate, as long as or slightly exceeding the internodes, erect, 1-2

594 -BRICACEZ (Brown). [ Sympreza.

lin. long, lanceolate, acute, glabrous or slightly puberulous on the

back, ciliate on the acute edges, the cilia often intermingled with

minutely stalked glands; flower-heads numerous, subglobose, 2—2}

lin. in diam.; calyx of the lower flowers 2-3 lin. long, }—% lin.

broad, obovate, ciliate on the obtuse or rounded lobes, otherwise

glabrous; corolla 1 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad across the 2 widely

gaping lobes, compressed funnel-shaped, gradually narrowing to the

base, red or pink; anthers partly exserted, 4 lin. long, oblong ;

stigma simple. :

Coast Region: Cape Div.; Simons Berg, Wolley Dod, 315!

3. S. vestita (N. EH. Br.) ; apparently about 6-8 in. high, rather

loosely branched ; branchlets divergent or ascending, usually much

recurved at the tips, puberulous, pale brown; leaves 3-nate, imbri-

cate or shorter than the internodes, erect or ascending, 2—1} lin.

long, ovate or lanceolate, acute, glabrous, ciliate with hai:s and

minute glands on the acute cartilaginous margins, usually with or

sometimes without a tuft of 3-6 longer and stouter hairs at the apex

of the younger leaves, the internal cavity in transverse section rather

large, without a lining of hairs; flower-heads numerous, very nod-

ding, subglobose, about 1 in. in diam. ; calyx of the lower or of all

the flowers 2 lin. long, 2 to nearly 1 lin. broad, orbicular, somewhat

rhomboid-vrbicular or broadly obovate, concave on the side next the

axis, ciliate with rather long hairs on the broadly rounded lobes,

otherwise glabrous or obseurely and minutely puberulous; corolla

11-18 lin. long, 2-1 lin. broad across the very gaping lobes, narrowly

to broadly funnel-shaped at the upper half, rapidly or suddenly

narrowed into a slender tube at the lower half, red or pink; lobes

broadly rounded ; anthers 2 lin. long, glabrous or minutely scabrid

along the back of the cells ; stigma simple.

Coast Reaion: Bredasdorp Div. ; mountains between Fairfield and Elim,

Bolus, 8515! hills near Elim, Bolus, 8516! Napier, Schlechter, 9654! |

In all the allied species with which this can be confused, the internal cavity of

the leaves as seen in transverse section is smaller than in S. ves'ita and more or

less densely lined with very minute hairs,

4. S. pallescens (N. E. Br.) ; apparently about 6 in. high, rather

loosely branched; branches and branchlets somewhat tortuose,

puberulous to minutely subtomentose; leaves 3-nate, imbricate,

3_]1 lin. long, ovate, acute, minutely puberulous or glabrous on the

back, minutely ciliate ; flowcr-heads numerous, subglobose, 2-2} lin.

in diam. ; calyx of the lower flowers 2 lin. long, usually rather

more than } lin. broad; tube cuneately oblong or subquadrate,

glabrous, sometimes minutely ciliate on the edges ; lobes very obtuse

or almost rounded, densely ciliate with rather woolly hairs and

puberulous on the back ; corolla 14-12 lin. long, tubular, of nearly

equal diameter (1-1 lin.) from apex to base, viewed dorsally,

apparently pale pink ; anthers 4 lin. long; stigma simple.

Sympieza. | ERICACEH (Brown). 395

Coast Region: Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek, 1500 ft., Schlechter, 7328 !

This is distinguished from those specimens of S. articulata which have a some-

what woolly-ciliate calyx by the more pallid colour of the flowers when dried,

the tendency of the leaves to be puberulous and particularly by the corolla being

nearly as broad around the ovary as it is across the lobes.

5. §. brachyphylla (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 706); much

branched ; branchlets minutely puberulous ; leaves 3-nate, imbrieate,

straight or incurved, 2-13 lin. long, usually ovate, sometimes linear-

oblong, glabrous, sometimes with a minute denticulation on the

acute edges, usually smooth and often shining; flower-heads 2-2}

lin. in diam. ; calyx of the lower flowers }-% lin. long, 3—{ lin.

broad, coriaceous ; tube subquadrate, glabrous ; lobes broadly deltvid,

obtuse or subacute, usually distinctly ciliate, rarely nearly without

cilia; cvrolla 13-1$ lin. long, the exserted part not more than

11 times as long as the calyx, } to nearly 1 lin. broad at the tips of

the lobes when flattened, and of nearly equal diameter nearly or

quite down to the calyx, then narrowed to the base within the calyx ;

anthers 4 lin. long, linear-oblong; stigma very slightly thickened.

Rach in Linnzwa, xxvi. 791. Erica labialis, Salisb. in Trans.

Tinn. Soc. vi. 340. EH. eapitella, Thunb. Herb. ex Rach in Linnea,

le.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg! Masson! Forbes! Mund!

Coast RxeGion: Cape Div.; mountains near Muizenberg, Burke! Smit-

winkle Vley, Wolley Dod, 3039! mountain near Simonstown, Bolus, 7005!

MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 39!

Thunberg’s specimen, named E, capitella in his herbarium, is identical with

Masson’s specimens on which Salisbury founded his Erica labialis /

6. S. articulata (N. FE. Br); 3-1 ft. high, much branched ;

branchlets erect or ascending, puberulous or minutely tomentose ;

leaves 3-nate, imbricate or as long as the internodes, erect or ascend-

ing, 1-2 lin. long, linear to ovate, acute, often incurved, glabrous or

those under the flower-heads sometimes very minutely puberulous,

sometimes minutely ciliate with hairs and sessile glands when

young ; flower-heads copious, subglobose, 1-1 in. in diam.; calyx of

the lower flowers about 4 lin. long, 1—% lin. broad, elliptic, sub-

orbicular or rhomboid-obovate ; tube glabrous to pubescent; lobes

broadly deltoid and subacute or broadly rounded, usually con-

spicuously and sometimes very densely ciliate with white hairs;

corolla 13—22 lin. long, tubular, the exserted part nearly, or quite

twice as long as the calyx, subeylindric or gradually tapering down-

wards from the apex, where it is usually }—} (rarely 3) lin, in diam. ;

anthers 3—2 lin. long; stigma simple. S. capitellata, Rach in

Linnea, xxvi. 721, not of Lichtensiein. rica artiewlata, Thunb.

Prodr. 71, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 357, not of Linn. Bleria

articulata, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 629; Thunb. Diss. Bleria, 7. B.

bracteata, Wendl. Collect. ii. 3, t. 37.

Var. 8, hians (N. E. Br.); corolla moze funnel-shaped at the upper part,

8-1 lin. in diam, at the tips of the lobes.

396 HRICACEX (Brown). [Sympreza,

Coast Reeion: Paarl Div.; French Hoek and vicinity, Thunberg/ Bolus,

6991! Schlechter, 9246! Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Hollaud, Prior!

Lowrys Pass, Schlechter, 7818! Caledon Div.; Donker Hoek Mountain, Bur-

chell, 7977! between Villiersdorp and French Hoek, Bolus, 5195! Houw Hoek,

Bolus, 9929! Zwart Berg, near Caledon, Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 6961! Bolus,

5424! 9930! mountains near Genadendal, Burchell, 7801/2! by the Onrust

River, Schlechter, 10386! Swellendam Div.; mountains near Swellendam,

Mund, 48! Var. 8: Caledon Div. ; mountains near Houw Hoek, Bolus, 6962!

and in Herb. Guthrie, 3626 !

In Burchell, 7801/2, Mund, 48, Bolus, 5195, 5424, 9930, and Schlechter,

7818, the cilia on the calyx-lobes are much shorter and less evident than in the

other specimens, but are much more conspicuous than in any specimen of 8.

capitellata, and appear to be somewhat intermediate. Schlechter, 9246, as sent

to Kew, consists of 3 forms of this plant, ove of which has puberulous leaves.

Sieber (?) 154, is somewhat intermediate between this species and S. brachy-

phylla.

7. S. capitellata (Lichtenstein ex Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg.

iii. 171); apparently 1-2 ft. high, densely branched; branchlets

puberulous or minutely tomentose, with or without a mingling of

a longer pubescence ; leaves 3-nate, imbricate or as long as the

internodes, erect or ascending, 2-2 lin. long, linear or linear-lanceo-

late, acute, straight, more rarely lanceolate or subovate and incurved,

glabrous, often with minute sessile glands on the margins when

young ; flower-heads copious, subglobose or obovoid, about } in. in

diam.; calyx of the lower flowers 2—2 lin. long and broad, elliptic,

obovate or rhomboid-vbovate, thinly coriaceous, glabrous ; lobes as

long as the tube in the type, in other forms about 2 as long, rounded

or broadly deltoid and subacute or obtuse, thinly ciliate with minute

hairs often mingled with minute sessile glands or without cilia ;

corolla 11—2 lin. long, tubular, much contracted within the calyx,

the exserted part about twice as long as the calyx or less, sometimes

gradually narrowing downwards but often scarcely broader across the

lobes than elsewhere, purple or red; anthers 3 lin. long, linear,

oblong ; stigma simple. Kunth in Kénigl. Acad. Wissensch, Berlin,

1831, 211, and in Linnea, viii. Liter.-Ber. 47; Spreng. Syst. Veg.

i. 432; Bartling in Linnea, vii. 651; Klotzsch in Linnea, viii.

655, and xii. 229; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 706, excl. synonyms

Srom all.

Var. 8, crassistigma (N. HE. Br.) ; apparently about 5-6 in. high; leaves

sometimes with a few hairs at the tips when young; flower-heads 2-3 lin. in

diam. ; bracts O or 2, linear-filiform ; calyx about ? lin. long and 3 lin. broad ;

lobes about 4 as long as the tube, ciliate with minute sessile glands, without

hairs; stigma thickened or subcapitate, but minute.

Var. y, angustata (N. E. Br.) ; flower-heads about 2 lin. in diam. ; calyx

about $ lin. long and broad, obtriangular; lobes about 4 as long as the tube,

ciliate with very minute hairs and sessile glands ; corolla funnel-shaped, rapidly

or abruptly narrowed at about the middle into a slender tube, which is partly

exserted beyond the calyx; stigma simple.

Coast ReGion: Cape Div.; Cape Flats, Guthrie, 1012! Stellenbosch Div.;

Hottentots Holland Mountains, Zeyher, 3310! Lowrys Pass, 1000 ft., Guthrie,

2002! Bolus, 5557! Zwart Berg, near Caledon, Guthrie, 2511! mountains near

Zovtemelks Valley, Lichtenstein ! Var. 8: Caledon Div.; Summit Ridge, Zand-

Sympieza.] ERICACEX (Brown). } 397

fontein, 1500 ft., Galpin, 3721! Var. y: Caledon Div.; Zwart Berg, near

Caledon, 2500 ft., Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 6767 !

8. S. tenuiflora (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 706) ; much, but not

densely branched ; branchlets tomentose-puberulous; leaves 3-nate,

imbricate or erect, 2-11 lin, long, linear to ovate, acute, incurved,

glabrous, sometimes when young with some very minute glands on

the edges ; flower-heads rather copious, about } in. in diam, ; calyx

of the lower flowers * lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad, coriaceous; tube

cuneate-oblong, glabrous; lobes half as long as the tube, or rather

more, broadly deltoid, acute, very minutely and inconspicuously

ciliate ; corolla about 21 lin. long, red; tube cylindric, } lin. in

diam., the exserted part nearly 8 times as long as the calyx ; lobes

gaping, 1—2 lin. across their tips ; anthers partly exserted, { lin. long,

linear ; stigma simple.

Sour AFrica: without locality, Forbes ! Mund!

This may be only a long-flowered form of 8. capitellata, but Burchell’s

specimen, referred to this species by Bentham, belongs to S. articulata, and has

a long-ciliate differently shaped calyx.

XVI. LEPTERICA, N. EF. Br.

Bracts 0. Calyx more or less unequally 4-lobed. Corolla very

small, hypogynous, obconic, 4-lobed. Stamens 8, hypogynous, in-

eluded; filaments connate at the base; anthers connate. Ovary

l-celled, with 1 pendulous ovule; style stout, soon enlarging and

forming a hollow conical top to the young fruit; stigma large, soon

appearing sessile, peltate. Frwit ovoid, apparently indehiscent ;

pericarp thin, with resin or latex canals in its substance.

A shrub with very copious slender subparallel branchlets ; leaves small,

adpressed ; flowers minute, 1-3 together, axillary or terminal. ;

‘Distrin. Species 1, endemic. :

1. L. tenuis (N. E. Br.); 3 ft. high, densely much branched ;

branchlets very numerous, long and very slender, straight or slightly

curved, subparallel, very minutely puberulous or almost glabrous ;

leaves 3-nate, usually shorter than the internodes, erect and ad-

pressed or sometimes imbricate, 3-1; lin. long, narrowly linear, acute,

straight or very slightly spreading at the tips, which are sometimes

paler in colour, as if slightly indurated, glabrous ; flowers 1-3 to-

gether, axillary or on exceedingly short axillary branchlets and

terminal, subsessile ; bracts 0, except the floral leaves; ealyx }—% lin.

long, obconie, 4-angled, unequally 4-toothed, glabrous ; teeth erect,

broadly ovate, acute, keeled, very minutely subciliate, one of them

much larger than the rest, the smaller more than half as long as the

tube; corolla obconic, glabrous ; lobes broader than long, rounded,

abruptly inflexed over the margin of the stigma, rigid; stamens 8,

included; filaments connate into a tube at the base, free above;

398 ERICACEZ (Brown). | Lepterica.

anthers connate, acutely bifid and minutely ciliate at the apex; ovary

at first small, shortly obconic, 8-ribbed, truncately contracted into a

stout style longer than itself, glabrous, becoming much enlarged and

rhomboid-obovate, from the style increasing and forming a broadly

conical hollow top to the obconic lower part ; stigma large, peltate

with upturned margins, slightly 4-angled, becoming convex and

smooth at the central part, with a narrow incurved rim, and, upon

the enlargement of the ovary, appearing to be subsessile; fruit ellip-

soid, with a rather thin scarcely crustaceous pericarp. Lagenocarpus

tenuis, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 710.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Mund!

Coast Reaion: Riversdale Div. ; summit of the Kampsche Berg, Burchell,

7126! Garcias Pass, Burchell, 7034!

The corolla is probably pink, as Burchell states on his label that the flowers are

** roseo-herbacei.”

XVIA, COCCOSPERMA, Klotzsch.

Braets 0. Calyx small, unequally 4-lobed, one lobe usually

longer than the rest, often nearly free. Corolla small, campanulate,

globose-campanulate or somewhat obovoid, longer than the calyx,

shortly 4-lobed ; lobes about half as long as the tube, broadly

deltoid, obtuse or subtruncate, erect or slightly incurved. Stamens

4-6, not exceeding the corolla, except when pushed out by the

fruit ; filaments at first connate up to and with the base of the

anthers, becoming more or less separated by the enlargement of the

ovary, and then as broad as the anthers, which are connate at the

basal half, opening by lateral pores. Ovary 1-celled, with 2 large

collateral ovules on one side of the eavity, or 2-8-celled with 2

collateral ovules in each eell on the axile placenta; style short ;

stigma large, slightly exserted, flat or shallowly funnel-shaped at the

bottom, with a narrow or deep and eup-like erect margin. Fruit

2-seeded ; pericarp thin, closely investing the seeds, subcoriaceous or

perhaps slightly fleshy in the living state. Seeds flat on one side by

mutual pressure, very convex on the other; testa thick, hard,

erustaceous, with rather large cells.

Erect much branched shrubs or shrublets, much resembling Salawis in general

appearance ; leaves 3-nate, linear, grooved on the vonvex back; flowers axillary

and terminal, sessile or very shortly pedicellate, on an extremely short minutely

bracteolate branchlet, which, together with the flowers, is very much shorter

than the leaf from whose axil it arises. Existing descriptions of the ovary of

this genus are inaccurate. The collateral ovules always have their contiguous

sides closely applied to each other and often cling together so completely that

they appear like a single ovule, but may be readily separated with needles in

water, The seeds of Coccosperma are unlike those of any other South African

genus of Evicacee.

DistriB. Species 4, endemic,

Coccosperma. | ERICACER (Brown). 399

Ovary 1-celled, with 2 collateral ovules on the side

of the cell:

Stamens 6-7; ovary glabrous; fruit minutely

rugulose all over ... wide oa os ‘6

Stamens 4-6; ovary minutely puberulous at the

top ; fruit with elevated longitudinal lines on

the upper part... oe one age :

Ovary 2-8-celled, with 2 collateral ovules in each cell

on an axile placenta ; stamens 8 :

Branchlets at first sprinkled with minute shortly

stalked glands; flowers 3-6 together in ter-

minal heads is fas we ee :

Branchlets at first inconspicuously and very

minutely puberulous or almost glabrous ;

flowers 1-3 together, mostly axillary, some

terminal ... a se se ie ... (4) rugosum,

(1) forbesianum,

(2) areolatum.

(3) subcapitatum.

1. C. forbesianum (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 215); branchlets

very minutely and ineonspicuously puberulous, greyish; leaves

erectly imbricate, 11-23 lin. long, linear, obtuse, glabrous ; flowers

axillary and terminal, 3-6 together, mostly aggregated at the ends of

the branchlets, very shortly pedicellate; calyx (exeluding the long

lobe) about 4 lin. long, shorter than the corolla-tube, glabrous ; lobes

lanceolate or oblong, minutely ciliate; coro!la $-$ lin. long, cam-

panulate or globose-campanulate, glabrous ; stamens 6-7 ; filaments

connate up to and with the anthers nearly or quite as long as the

1-1 lin. long subquadrate connate anthers, usually breaking off in

irregular lengths in fruit; ovary glabrous, 1-celled; style very

distinct but less than 1 lin. long; stigma peltate, flat or intruded,

with a narrow erect cup-like margin above and a slightly prominent

ring around the underside, glabrous ; fruit globose, irregularly trans-

versely rugulose, glabrous; seeds 2. Salaxis hexandra, Klotzsch in

Linnea, ix. 352; Benth. in DOC, Prodr. vii. 711; Dietr. Synop.

Pl, ii. 1261.

Sovrn AFRIcA: without locality, Forbes! Wright, 169!

2. C. areolatum (N. E. Br.); branchlets erect or ascending,

flexuose, puberulous, pale greyish ; leaves adpressed or erectly imbri-

cate, 1-2 lin. long, linear, acute, glabrous ; flowers axillary, 1-2-

together, sessile; calyx (excluding the long lobe) j—3 lm. long,

shorter than the corolla-tube, broad and shallow, glabrous ; lobes

broadly ovate or deltoid-ovate, acute, minutely ciliate ; corolla about

% lin. long, cup-shaped or campanulate, glabrous; stamens 4-6;

filaments about as long as or shorter than the oblong or subquadrate

1 lin. long anthers, and connate up to and with them; anthers

connate; ovary subglobose, usually minutely puberulous at the

top, abruptly contracted into the short glabrous style, 1-celled ;

stigma just exserted, cup-shaped, flat or intruded at the bottom,

with erect sides; fruit ovoid, ellipsoid or more or Jess compressed,

obtuse, the upper half more or less evidently divided into areas by

several longitudinal elevated lines, which are usually minutely

400 ERICACER (Brown). [ Coccosperma.

puberulous; the lower part nearly smooth or slightly rugulose ;

seeds 2,

Coast Rearon: Clanwilliam Div.; Koude Berg, 4000 ft., Schlechter, 8757 !

8772! Tulbagh Div. ; on the Witsen Berg, near Tulbagh, Burchell, 8710!

$, C. subcapitatum (N. E. Br.); compactly branched ; branchlets

at first sprinkled with minute very shortly stalked glands, soon

becoming glabrous and pale greyish; leaves 3-nate, erectly imbri-

cate or rarely shorter than the internodes, 1-13 lin. long, linear,

acute, glabrous, ciliate with sessile glands; flowers 3-6 together

in small terminal heads, subsessile ; calyx broad and shallow, glabrous,

about 3 lin. long to the tips of the short lobes, which are shorter

than the corolla-tube and united for nearly half their length,

the long lobe free to the base or united as high up as the

others, all edged with minute hairs and sessile glands; corolla

about 2 lin. long and as much or more in breadth, cup-shaped,

_ glabrous ; stamens 8; filaments from rather more than half to nearly

as long as the anthers, connate up to and with the base of them;

anthers } lin. long, broadly-oblong to subquadrate ; ovary compressed,

broader than long, glabrous, whitish, with a minutely rugulose

surface, 2-celled; stigma flattened funnel-shaped, with a narrow

erect or inflexed rim above and a slightly prominent margin beneath,

_ glabrous, abruptly tapering to a very short style which is sometimes

almost wanting.

Coast Rucion: Cape Div.; on the Steenberg Plateau, near Muizen Berg,

Wolley Dod, 2723!

4. C. rugosum (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 215); apparently 1 ft.

ormore high, rather thinly branched ;_ branchlets, erect or ascending,

slender, more or less flexuose, at first very minutely and incon-

spicuously puberulous or nearly or quite glabrous, whitish or pale

grey ; leaves 3-nate, adpressed and shorter than the internodes or

erectly imbricate, 11-21 lin. long, narrowly linear, acute, glabrous ;

flowers 1-3 together, axillary and terminal, very shortly pedicellate

or subsessile ; calyx (excluding the larger lobe) about } lin. long,

shorter than the eorolla-tube, broad and shallow, unequally 4-lobed,

glabrous ; lobes broadly ovate, subobtuse or the larger one acute or

acuminate, very minutely subdenticulate-ciliate or entire ; corolla

about 1 lin. long, campanulate, glabrous ; stamens 8; filaments

connate up to and with the base of the anthers, becoming more or

less separated by the enlargement of the ovary, }—2 as long as the

1-2 Jin. long anthers; ovary with several longitudinal ridges on

the upper part, very obtuse at the apex, glabrous, 2-3-celled ; style

very short ; stigma broadly funnel-shaped with erectly inflexed sides

to the cup; fruit (not seen ripe) subglobose, wrinkled on the lower

pe Salaxis rugosa, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 711; Dietr. Synop.

l. ii. 1261.

Sour Arrica: without locality, Zeyher !

Coccosperma. | ERICACEH (Brown). 401

Coast ReGcion: Bredasdorp Div. ; Mier Kraal, 150 ft., Schlechter, 10517 !

Zeyher’s specimen at Kew (named by Klotzsch) is not localized, but on the

label Klotzsch has written the locality-number 84 of Zeyher, which according to

Linnwa, xx. 258, refers to the locality ‘mountains near Cape Town.” But I

suspect some error, as no recent collector has found it there, and Schlechter’s

specimens, which seem to be identical with Zeyher’s, are from quite a different

locality.

XVII. SALAXIS, Salisb.

Bracts 0. Calyx more or less unequally 4-lobed, the larger lobe

variably connate with the others or free nearly or quite to the base.

Corolla small, hypogynous, campanulate or cup-shaped, 4-lobed,

persistent ; lobes about half as long as the tube, incurved, broadly

deltoid or deltoid-ovate, very obtuse to slightly emarginate at the

subtruncate apex. Hypogynous disk none. Stamens usually 8,

rarely 6, hypogynous, included or in fruit shortly pushed out by the

enlarged ovary; filaments variably connate, sometimes up to, but

not with the base of the anthers, becoming more or less separated

with the enlargement of the ovary and then (exeept in S. pumila)

always narrower at the apex than the base of the anthers, glabrous ;

anthers connate to the middle or beyond, sometimes beeoming free

in fruit, oblong or cuneately subquadrate, notched at the apex,

opening by lateral pores, spurless. Ovary superior, generally

angular at the middle viewed sideways, and the upper part often

3—4-angled, 2—4-celled ; style distinct to almost none; stigma large,

funnel-shaped, with the sides of the upper part of the cup erect or

inflexed, Ovule solitary in each cell, pendulous. Fruit apparently

indehiscent, compressed to subglobose, often more or less distinctly

3—4-angled on the upper half, 2—4-celled; periearp not very thick,

with a crustaceous or hardened endocarp.. Seeds solitary in each

cell, with a hard or somewhat bony testa.

Small Heath-like shrubs or shrublets; leaves 3-nate, grooved down the con-

vex back, usually thinly ciliate with very minute hairs or points; flowers very

small and inconspicuous, axillary and terminal, apparently greenish.

Distris. Species 7, endemic.

The species of Salawis so closely resemble others belonging to the genera

Philippia, Scyphogyne, Coccosperma and Lagenocarpus, that they can only be

distinguished by a careful examination of the ovary.

Calyx and corolla puberulous; stamens8 ... . ... (1) puberula.

Calyx and corolla glabrous:

Plant (excluding the root) 3-5 in. high; bark of

each internode quickly breaking up into 3 small :

oblong or rectangular flakes; stamens 6 . (2) pumila,

Plant rarely less than 9 in. high; bark of each

internode not breaking up into 3 flakes :

Calyx (excluding the larger lobe) ? lin. long,

longer than broad, about equalling the tube

of tbe 1 lin. long corolla; stamens 8,

rarely 6 oes lie oer ee ae

Calyx (excluding the larger lobe) 4-4 lin.

VOL, IV.—SECT. I, pd

(3) major.

402 ERICACE® (Brown). | Salaais.

long, broader than long; corolla 4-% lin.

long; stamens 8 or occasionally 6 in 8.

axillaris :

Upper part of the ovary and underside of

the stigma quite glabrous :

Ovary with several longitudinal ridges

on the upper part, which are but

faint on the compressed or obscurely

3-4-angled fruit... nae .

Ovary acutely and fruit distinctly

3-4-angled on the upper part ... (5) octandra.

Upper part of the ovary very minutely and

not very distinctly scabrid-puberulous ;

(4) axillaris.

stigma glabrous ... i vik ... (6) Sieberi.

Upper part of the ovary distinctly puberu-

lous; stigma glabrous or in var. B,

puberulous on the underside... ... (7) flexuosa.

1. 8. puberula (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 212); apparently about

1 ft. high or less, compactly branched ; branehlets erect, flexuose,

puberulous; leaves 3-nate, usually erect or imbricate, spreading

where there are flowers or young shoots in their axils, 11—24 lin.

long, linear, acute, glabrous; flowers 1-3 together, axillary and

terminal, subsessile ; calyx (excluding the larger lobe) }—} lin. long,

shorter than the corolla-tube, lobed to half-way down, puberulous ;

corolla 2—8 lin, long, eup-shaped, puberulous, green ; stamens 8 ;

filaments 1—2 as long as the anthers, sometimes broken off shorter in

fruit, at first more or less connate to half-way up or beyond, becom-

ing separated in fruit and narrower at the apex than the base of the

1-2 Jin. long ovate-oblong or oblong anthers; ovary distinctly

puberulous, 2-celled; style very short; stigma with a funnel-shaped

base and erect sides to the cup, 3 as deep as its breadth, puberulous

on the underside ; fruit somewhat compressed or subglobose, puberu-

lous on the upper half, slightly reticulately wrinkled below. Benth.

in DC. Prodr, vii. 711 ; Dietr. Synop. Pl. ii. 1261.

Coast Region: Caledon Div. ; mountains near the Palmiet River or Steen-

brass River, Ecklon § Zeyher! Hermanus, 300 ft , Guthrie, 4139!

2. §. pumila (N. E. Br.); plant (excluding the root) 3-5 in.

high and 2-3 in. in diam.; branchlets short, spreading at the base,

then eurved upwards, rather stout for the size of the plant, glabrous,

greyish, becoming rough from the bark breaking up into small

rectangular flakes,; leaves 3-nate, ereetly imbricate, 3-1 lin. long,

oblong or linear-oblong, subobtuse, glabrous; flowers 1-3 together

in small terminal heads, subsessile; calyx about } lin. long, broadly

and shallowly obconic, as long as the corolla-tube, lobed to half-way

down, glabrous; lobes ovate, obtuse or the larger one acute, not

ciliate; corolla rather more than 2 lin. long, $-1 lin. in diam.,

broadly cup-shaped, glabrous; stamens 6; filaments very broad,

connate below or almost up to the anthers and at least half as long

as them; anthers about 4 lin. long and broad, cuneately subquadrate ;

ovary broader than long, angular at the middle and with 2-4 rather

Salazis. | ERICACE® (Brown). 403

sharply angular ridges on the upper half, glabrous, 2-celled, with

very thick walls; style very short; stigma nearly flat or very

shallowly crater-like, with a narrow inflexed margin, glabrous ; fruit

subglobose, irregularly wrinkled all over except at the apex.

Coast Recion : Bredasdorp Div. ; Zeekoe Vley, 100 ft., Schlechter, 10540!

3. S. major (N. E. Br.); 1 ft. or more high, densely or com-

pactly branched; branchlets flexuose, erect, minutely puberulous,

becoming glabrous, grey ; leaves 3-nate, 11-21 lin. long, erectly

imbricate to shorter than the internodes, linear, acute; flowers 1-3

together, axillary and terminal, subsessile or very minutely pedicel-

late ; calyx (excluding the larger lobe) about 3 lin. long, obconie,

longer than broad, usually as long as the corolla-tube, lobed to half-

way down or less, or the larger one more deeply glabrous ; lobes

linear-oblong, obtuse or acute, ciliate with minute sessile glands;

corolla 3-1 lin. long, campanulate, glabrous ; stamens 8, rarely 6;

filaments quite half as long as the anthers, at maturity connate to

about the middle; anthers 3 lin. long, oblong; ovary minutely and

rather thickly puberulous, 2-celled; style 41-1 lin. long; stigma

funnel-shaped or cup-shaped, about as broad as deep, slightly and

minutely puberulous or glabrous on the under side.

Coast Reaion: Cape Div. ; hills about Simons Bay, Prior, 3!

4, §. axillaris (Salisb. ex G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii, 828); much

branched ; branchlets minutely tomentose, erect, often flexuose,

greyish or whitish; leaves erectly imbricate or shorter than the

internodes, 11-21 lin. long, linear, acute to subobtuse ; flowers 1-3

together, axillary and terminal, subsessile; calyx (excluding the

larger lobe, which is sometimes free to the base) 3—} lin. long,

broader than long, shorter than the corolla-tube, lobed to the middle

or beyond, glabrous ; lobes broadly ovate, acute or subobtuse or the

larger one acuminate, minutely ciliate ; corolla }—2 lin. long, cam-

panulate, with ineurved lobes, glabrous ; stamens 6—8 ; filaments at

least half as long as the anthers, connate at the base or nearly to

the middle when young, becoming free with the enlargement of the

ovary ; anthers 1—1 lin. long, becoming quite free with age; ovary

with several longitudinal ridges on the upper part, quite glabrous,

2-4-celled ; style usually distinct and sometimes up to } lin, long;

stigma more or less funnel-shaped, with a narrow rim to the cup,

glabrous ; fruit compressed or subglobose, obscurely angular on the

upper part, but often with several faint longitudinal ridges, promi-

nently reticulated on the lower part, 2—4-celled. Klotzsch in

Linnea, xii. 211; Benth..in DC. Prodr. vii. 711; Dietr. Synop.

Pl. ii. 1261; Rach in Linnea, xxvi. 792. Erica, axillaris, Thunb.

Prodr. Pl. Cap. 69; Diss. Erica, 16; and Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes,

345,

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg! Harvey! Ecklon § Zeyher!

Coasr Region: Stellenbosch Div.; between Stellenbosch and Cape Flats,

Burchell, 8354! Knysna Div.; hills near 2 Burchell, 5456!

opis

404 ERICACER (Brown). | Salazis.

Burchell notes on his label that the Knysna plant grows to 4 ft. high. The

longitudinal ridges on the ovary, generally 8 or more in number, are very

characteristic of this species, but they are only faintly marked on the fruit.

5. S. octandra (Klotzsch in Linnea, ix. 353) ; apparently about

1 ft. high; branchlets slender, erect, subparallel to very flexuose,

distinctly or very minutely puberulous, sometimes becoming glabrous,

pale brown or greyish ; leaves 3-nate, varying from adpressed and

shorter than the internodes to erectly imbricate, $-3} lin. long,

narrowly linear, acute, glabrous; flowers axillary and terminal,

1-3 (rarely 4-5) together, subsessile; calyx (excluding the long

lobe) 1—1 lin. long, shorter than the corolla-tube, unequally lobed to

the middle or the long lobe nearly free, glabrous ; lobes oblong or

ovate, acute or subobtuse or the long one acuminate, all minutely

ciliate; corolla about 2 lin. long, eampanulate or subglobose-cam-

panulate, glabrous; stamens 8; filaments about } as long as the

anthers, rarely less, connate for —% of their length and sometimes

up to (but not with) the base of the anthers, becoming more or less

free in fruit and narrower at their apex than the base of the 3 to

nearly 1 lin. long oblong anthers; ovary acutely 2—4-angled on the

upper half, 2—4-celled, glabrous ; style very short to almost none ;

stigma deeply funnel-shaped with erect or slightly inflexed sides to

the cup, glabrous ; fruit distinetly 3-4- (oceasionally 2-) angled on

the smooth hardened upper half, slightly reticulate-rugulose below.

Klotesch in Linnea, xii. 212; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 711;

Dietr. Synop. Pl. ii. 1261.

Var. B, artemisioides (N. E. Br.) ; flowers very shortly pedicellate ; calyx

(excluding the long lobe) nearly or quite as long as the corolla tube; corolla not

quite 4 lin. long, obconic-cup-shaped; staminal filaments at first connate

almost up to the anthers; anthers } lin. long; otherwise as in the type. 8.

artemisioides, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 212; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 711;

Dietr. Synop. Pl. ii. 1261. Erica artemisioides, E. Mey. ew Klotzsch lec.

Sout Arica: without locality, Mund § Maire, ex Klotzsch.

Coast RueGion: Worcester Div.; mountains of Bains Kloof, 4000 ft.,

Schlechter, 9127! Caledon Div.; mountain near Greitjes Gat, 2000-4000 ft.,

Ecklon § Zeyher ! Bredasdorp Div.; sand-dunes near the mouth of Ratel River,

50 ft., Bolus, 6770! Var. 8: Worcester Div.; “ Dietris Kloof” an error for

Dutoits Kloof, Drége, 1168!

Drage has evidently mixed up three plants under the name of Erica artemisi-

oides, for the two specimens at Kew, distributed under that name, are quite

distinct from the type of Salawis artemisioides at Berlin, and appear to belong

respectively to S. Sieberi and S. awillaris. Bentham in DO. Prodr. vii. 711

referred these two specimens to S. hewandra (Coccosperma forbesianum), from

which, however, they are entirely different.

6. S. Sieberi (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 711); 1 ft. or more

high, much branched ; branchlets divergently aseending, minutely

subtomentose ; leaves 3-nate, erectly imbricate to adpressed and

shorter than the internodes, 1-21 lin. long, linear, acute, glabrous ;

flowers axillary and terminal, 1-5 together, subsessile ; calyx (exclud-

ing the larger lobe which is variably connate with the others or free

almost to the base) 3—3 lin. long, shorter than the corolla-tube,

Salazis. | ERICACEZ (Brown). 405

glabrous ; lobes ovate or deltoid-ovate, acute or subobtuse or the

larger one acuminate, minutely ciliate ; corolla 1—% lin. long, cam-

panulate or cup-shaped, with incurved lobes, glabrous; stamens 8 ;

filaments of the long-styled form less than half as long as the } lin,

long anthers, and of the short-styled form half as long as the + lin.

long anthers, varying from shortly connate at their base to almost

up to (but not with) the base of the anthers, becoming more or less

separated in fruit; anthers oblong, usually very minutely scabrid on

the apical notch, not glandular as originally described; ovary very

minutely scabrid-puberulous on the ridges of the upper part, 2-3-

celled ; style very short or distinct and up to 2 lin. long, stigma

funnel-shaped, with the erect sides of the cup, about + of its diam.,

glabrous or nearly so; fruit usually distinctly trigonous, with the

3 angles or ridges on the upper part subacute, slightly but not

prominently reticulate on the lower part. Dietr. Synop. Pl. ii.

1261. Hrica calyciflora, Tausch in Flora, xvii. ii. 617.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Sieber, 176! Harvey, 155!

Coast REeGIon: Cape Div.; Cape Flats, 0-100 ft., Bolus, 3313! Guthrie,

1379! Wynberg, 80 ft., Schlechter, 7536 !

7. S. flexuosa (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 213); apparently laxly

branched ; branchlets divaricate at the base, then ascending, flexuose,

rather distant, very minutely puberulous, very pale greyish-brown ;

leaves 3-nate, erect, shorter than or slightly exceeding the inter-

nodes and then slightly imbricate, 13-2 lin. long, linear, acute,

glabrous ; flowers 1-3 together, axillary and terminal, sessile or

subsessile ; calyx (excluding the larger lobe) scarcely } lin. long,

broadly and shallowly cup-shaped, shorter than the corolla-tube,

usually lobed to about half-way down, glabrous; lobes very broadly

deltoid-ovate, mostly much broader than long, subacute or the larger

one shortly acuminate, minutely ciliate; corolla nearly 2 lin. long,

cup-shaped, with incurved lobes, glabrous ; lobes scarcely half as

long as the tube, broadly deltoid, truncate or very obtuse ; stamens

8; filaments at first connate almost or quite up to the anthers,

afterwards becoming more or less separated by the enlargement of

the ovary, about 1 as long as the + lin. long anthers; ovary 2-3-

celled, very minutely puberulous on the upper half; style very

short, scarcely any; stigma large, deeply funnel-shaped, with

a narrow inflexed margin, glabrous; fruit somewhat compressed or

subglobose-trigonous, smooth, minutely puberulous on the upper

half. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 711; Dietr. Synop. Pl. ii. 1261.

Var. 8, cognata (N. E. Br.) ; compactly or rather densely branched ; branch-

lets erect, often flexuose, minutely tomentose, puberulous or subglabrous, pale

brown or greyish; leaves usually erectly imbricate, sometimes crowded, 1-24

lin, long; calyx } lin. long; stamens 8; filaments }—-% as long as the anthers,

variably connate, becoming more or less separated by the enlargement of the

ovary ; anthers 3-} lin. long; ovary conspicuously but minutely puberulous on

the upper part; style almost none or short and distinct; stigma distinctly

puberulous on the under side, with the inflexed sides of the cup 4-4 of its

breadth ; otherwise as in the type.

A406 ERICACE® (Brown). [ Salaxis.

Coast Ruaton: Tulbagh Div. ; collected either in New Kloof, near Tulbagh,

on Winterhoek Mountain, on the Witsenberg Range or near Vogel Valley, Ecklon

§ Zeyher; and Ecklon § Zeyher, 308 partly! Var. B: Cape Div.; foot of

Muizen Berg, near Fish Hoek, 100 ft., Bolus, 4478! mountains near Simons

‘Town, 1700 ft., Bolus, 4684! Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek, 1500 ft.,. Schlechter,

7327! Hermanus, Guthrie, 3420! Bredasdorp Div.; near Elim, 150-800 ft.,

Bolus, 6771! Schlechter, 7643 !

The description of S. flewuosa is made from the type in the Berlin Herbarium,

which may be only a weak laxly branched specimen of the form I have considered

as a variety of it; if so, the latter is evidently the more typical state of the

plant, although in general appearance very different. A specimen from the

Cape Flats (Bolus, 4010) seems to belong to var. 8, but the style is long and

the stigma is glabrous on the underside.

XVIII. SCYPHOGYNE, Brongn.

Flowers ebraeteate. Calyx obconic or campanulate, often angular,

unequally or rarely equally 3-4-toothed or 3—4-lobed, not fleshy.

Corolla minute, hypogynous, globose, obeonie, campanulate or urceo-

late, 3-4-lobed or toothed. Stamens 3-4, rarely 5, hypogynous ;

filaments free or connate; anthers included or partly exserted,

notched at the apex, free or connate. Ovary superior, 1-celled, with

a solitary pendulous ovule ; style equalling the anthers or exserted

beyond them ; stigma large peltate or crater-like.

Shrubs or shrublets, with the habit and foliage of Erica; flowers minute,

axillary and terminal, 1-3 together, or several in small globose heads, sessile or

minutely pedicellate, the corolla always less than 1 lin. long.

Distris. Species 17, endemic.

I. Stamens 4, or varying in S. glandulifera and 8.

remota up to 6, and in 8. micrantha up to 8; calyx

and corolla 4-lobed :

* Filaments of the stamens slender, free at

maturity; anthers free or connate; stigma

just exceeding the anthers :

Back of the leaves beset with short gland-

tipped hairs ... a tee ee ies

Back of the leaves without gland-tipped

hairs :

Flowers axillary and terminal, more or

less mixed with the leaves, not in

distinct globose heads :

Corolla usually much longer than

the calyx; leaves linear :

Corolla hyaline, drying white

and usually very conspicu-

ovs; stamens4 ... ... (1) imconspicua

Corolla not hyaline nor dryin

white, usually inconspicuous ;

stamens 4-8... we ... (18) micrantha.

Corolla scarcely longer than the

calyx, drying brown, not con-

spicuous (occasionally also in 8.

inconspicua) ; leaves very small,

oyate, oblong or lanceolate ;

(2) Schlechteri.

Scyphogyne. | ERICACER (Brown). 407

Young leaves glabrous on

the back, minutely ciliate ;

flower to apex of stigma

3-# lin. long i ‘

Young leaves puberulous on

the back: flower to apex of

stigma scarcely 4 lin. long... (9) fasciculata.

Flowers in small terminal globose heads,

distinct from the leaves, drying

brown or blackish :

Leaves mostly adpressed, denticu-

late, without gland-tipped hairs, (11) capitata.

Leaves spreading, ciliate with 3-5

gland-tipped hairs on each side... (12) viseida.

** Filaments of the stamens more or less connate

at maturity :

Filaments connate for nearly half their

length ; leaves not ciliate ... + «es (10) remota.

Filaments connate up to the anthers :

Stigma at maturity just exceeding the

anthers; style 4—} lin. long, not or

scarcely exserted :

Leaves ciliate with 4-7 simple or

branched hairs on each margin ;

calyx } lin. long... bbs ae

Leaves serrate or ciliate with 2-4

gland-tipped hairs on each mar-

gin; calyx 4 lin. long:

Leaves flat above, very convex

on the back, glabrous;

corolla glabrous or minutely .

puberulous on the lobes... (4) divaricata.

Leaves nearly equally convex

on both sides, puberulous ;

corolla very pubescent on

the upper half die weit

Stigma and part of the 4 lin. long

style exserted much beyond the

anthers ;

Calyx puberulous, ciliate on all the

lobes with long gland-tipped :

hairs; style puberulous ... .. (6) glandulifera.

(8) eglandulosa.

(3) rigidula.

(5) biconvexa.

Calyx glabrous, 1 or 2 lobes ending

in a long gland-tipped hair;

style glabrous... so wes

II. Stamens 3; filaments free:

Calyx and corolla 3-lobed; flowers sessile or

subsessile, }—@ lin. long ... bes sve ... (14) trimera.

Calyx and corolla 4-lobed ;

Flowers with distinct pedicels $ lin. long;

corolla urceolate :

Corolla 3-2 lin. long, globose-inflated at :

the middle, contracted below the lobes (15) urceolata.

Corolla 3 lin. long, ovoid-inflated above, —

not contracted below the lobes ... (16) Burchellii.

Flowers sessile or subsessile, } lin. long;

corolla globose ‘ ee ap ... (17) puberula.

(7) longistyla.

1. 8. inconspicua (Brongn. in Duperrey, Voy. Coquille, Atlas, t.

54) ; densely much branched ; branches clothed with a soft spreading

408 ERICACEm® (Brown). [ Seyphogyne.

viscid pubescenee or sometimes puberulous; leaves 3-nate, erect or

spreading, 21-11 lin. long including the petiole, }—} lin. broad,

linear, often with a sessile gland at the obtuse apex, glabrous or

with a slight pubeseence on the upper side, often viscid, with or

without a minute ciliation or a few long more or less gland-tipped

hairs on the margins; flowers axillary or in clusters of 3-6 at the

tips of exceedingly short (rarely elongated) axillary branchlets, sub-

sessile or minutely pedicellate ; calyx 12 lin. long, obconic, un-

equally or subequally 4-toothed, 4-angled, pubescent ; teeth about

1 as long as the tube, erect, ovate, obtuse or acute, sometimes tipped

with a sessile gland, ciliate, one usually larger or smaller than the

rest ; corolla 2—% lin. long, obconic, hyaline, quite glabrous ;

lobes subquadrate or rounded, subtruncate, minutely erose or denticu-

late, but not ciliate, white ; stamens 4, free at maturity, all connate

in young flowers, very deciduous; filamemts } lin. long, glabrous ;

anthers half-exserted, 1 lin. long, + lin. broad at the broadly notched

apex, cuneate, rarely with, usually without, minute subsessile glands

along the margin of the notch; ovary sessile, ovoid, pubescent

- round the top; style + lin. long, glabrous, terminated by a large

broadly funnel-shaped or saucer-shaped stigma, equalling or just

exceeding the anthers, 1—2 lin. in diam., deciduous. Benth. in DC.

Prodr. vii. 709. 8. muscosa, Steud. Nom. ed. 2, i. 568 under Erica

albens, Thunb. Erica albens, Thunb. Prodr. Cap. 70, not of Linn.

Ei. albida, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Sehultes, 347 partly (sheet a, Herb.

Thunb. !). Omphalocaryon muscosum, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii.

243; Rach in Linnea, xxvi. 792. Bleria muscosa, Ait. Hort. Kew.

ed. 1. i. 150, and ed. 2, i. 249; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 630; Roem. §

Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 169; Dietr. Synop. Pl. i. 444 ; Klotzsch in

Linnxa, viii. 665. B. mucosa, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 804. B.

albida, Thunb. Diss. Bleria, 9. B. pusilla, Wendl. Collect. iii.

13, ¢. 79.

Var. 8, glabriflora (N. E. Br.); calyx glabrous, minutely ciliate on the

lobes ; corolla-lobes erose-denticulate or subentire, not ciliate ; otherwise as in

the type. Omphalocaryon muscosum, var. glabrum, Klotzsch in Linnea, xii.

Var. 7, ciliata (N. E. Br.); calyx glabrous or more or less pubescent on the

angles, distinctly ciliate on the lobes, corolla-lobes ciliate ; otherwise as in the

type. Erica albida, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 347 partly (sheet 8 Herb.

Thunberg !)

Var. 5, pubescens (N. E. Br.) ; leaves glabrous or puberulous all over ; calyx

distinctly pubescent all over, not sharply angulate, distinctly ciliate on the

lobes: corolla-lobes ciliate ; otherwise as in the type.

Var. e, vestita (N. E. Br.) ; calyx and the upper part of the corolla outside

densely pubescent ; corolla-lobes ciliate; otherwise as in the type.

Soutn ArFrica: without locality; Var. y: Sieber, 179! Zeyher, 1121!

Coast Reeron, from &00 to 5500 ft. : Cape Div.; on mountains, Thunberg !

Burchell, 617! Alewander, 23! Bolus, 3070! 4685! Wolley Dod, 893! 1008!

3216! Caledon Div.; Zwart Berg at Sandfontein, Schlechter, 10359! mountains

near Palmiet River, Guthrie, 4577! Bredasdorp Div.; Elim, Schlechter, 7663 _

partly! Swellendam Div.; Zuurbraak Mountain, Galpin, 3728! Var. B: |

Cape Div. ; Muizenberg Mountain, Bolus, 4424! George Div.; by the Maal-

Scyphogyne. | ERICACEZ (Brown). 409

gaten River at Wolve Drift, Burchell, 6113! Var. y: Cape Div.; Table Moun-

tain, Thunberg ! Drége! Cape Flats, Burchell, 162! 192! Alewander, 2! Bolus,

Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 47! Caledon Div. ; near Caledon, Pappe! Volgelgat,

Schlechter, 9545! near Steenbrass River, Schlechter, 5891! Var. 5: Clan-

william Div.; Ezelsbank, Schlechter, 8828! Cape Div.; Kasteel Mountain,

Eckion, 296! Caledon Div. ; near Steenbrass River, Guthrie, 2725! Bredasdorp

Div.; Elim, Schlechter, 7663 partly ! Riversdale Div. ; lower part of the moun-

tains at Garcias Pass, Burchell, 6928! Var. «: Ceres Div.; near Ceres, Bolus, -

8483 !

CENTRAL REGION, between 4500 and 5000 ft.; Var.6: Ceres Div.; Cold

Bokkeveld, Schlechter, 8927! 10059 !

This appears to be a very variable plant, all the organs differing in relative

size; in Schlechter’s 5391 and 9545 the corolla scarcely exceeds the calyx, in

others it is twice as long, and there are all intermediate stages; the corolla,

apart from the cilia, is glabrous in all the specimens quoted except var. vestita,

which is.densely pubescent outside, and some specimens of Zeyher, 1121, which

have a few hairs on the back of the lobes. A specimen named ‘‘ muscosa, Soland,”

from Salisbury’s Herbarium is identical with the type of the species, but one

from the Herbarium of Bishop Goodenough labelled ‘‘ Bleria muscosa, Kew

Gardens,” and may possibly be from Aiton’s type, has a glabrous calyx and a

ciliate corolla, and beiongs to var. ciliata.

2. S. Schlechteri (N. E. Br.); branchlets glandular-puberulous,

brownish ; leaves 3-nate, 3—% lin. long including the petiole, } lin.

broad, oblong-linear, obtuse, flattish and glabrous above, very con-

vex, grooved, and sprinkled with very short gland-tipped hairs on

the back; flowers solitary or clustered on the exceedingly short

axillary branchlets, sessile; ealyx about 1 lin. long, obconic, un-

equally 4-toothed, glabrous or very slightly pubescent, ciliate with

simple hairs and the larger tooth often glandular; corolla about

1 lin. long, obconic or funnel-shaped, membranous, with 4 short

broad subtruncate or very obtuse lobes, glabrous, ciliate ; stamens 4,

free; anthers partly exserted, broadly obtriangular, deciduous ;

ovary angular and with a ring of minute hairs around the middle ;

style short, deciduous ; stigma large, peltate scarcely exceeding the

anthers.

CrenTRAL ReGion: Ceres Div.; near Sand River in the Cold Bokkeveld,

Schlechter, 10111!

3. S. rigidula (N. E. Br.) ; branchlets clothed with a minute

white tomentum intermingled with longer hairs; leaves 3-nate,

1-1 lin. long including the petiole, 12 lin. broad, ovate, subacute,

flat above, very convex and grooved on the back, very minutely

puberulous, serrate-ciliate with 4-5 long simple or branched hairs on

each side and often with 2 rows on the back, with 1 at the apex,

which is often gland-tipped; flowers 1-3 together, terminal and

axillary, sessile; calyx 1 lin. long, obconic-campanulate, unequally

4-lobed, glabrous, ciliate with branched hairs; corolla } lin. long,

obconic, 4-angled, with 4 broad apiculate lobes, glabrous; stamens

4, slightly exceeding the corolla, connate; ovary rhomboid-ovate,

thinly puberulous on the upper part and on the 4 lin. long style

410 ERICACE® (Brown). | Scyphogyne.

and underside of the large crater-like stigma, which scarcely exceeds

the anthers.

Var. 8, breviciliata (N. E. Br.); leaves 3-3? lin. long, broadly ovate, less

evidently puberulous than in the type, serrate-ciliate with 5-7 very short branched

hairs on each margin, otherwise as in the type.

Coast Reeion: Var. 8: Clanwilliam Div.; Blue Berg, Schlechter, 8464

(in Herb. Kew)! Tulbagh Div.; Mitchells Pass, 1200 ft., Schlechter, 8954

(Herb. Bolus)!

CENTRAL Recion: Ceres Div.; on the Skurfdeberg Range near Eland-

fontein, in the Cold Bokkeveld, 5300 ft., Schlechter, 10028!

There is evidently some error with regard to Schlechter’s numbers 8464 and

8954, as the plant distributed to Dr. Bolus as 8464 is Simocheilus kloteschianus,

var. glabrifolius, and identical with 8864 distributed to Kew, whilst the 8464

distributed to Kew is Scyphogyne rigidula, var. 8, and identical with 8954 in-

Herb. Bolus, whereas the 8954 distributed to Kew is Erica parviflora, L.

4. 8. divaricata (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 710); branchlets

glandular-puberulous or minutely tomentose, mingled with longer

simple and gland-tipped hairs, greyish; leaves 3-nate, 1-1 lin. long,

1_1 lin. broad, ovate or linear, flat above, grooved down the very

convex back, glabrous, sometimes ciliate with 2-3 long gland-tipped

hairs on each side and one at the apex, sometimes merely serrate,

with or without a few similar hairs or tubereles on the back ; flowers

1-3 together, sessile, terminal or axillary, or on exceedingly short

axillary branchlets racemosely seattered along the branehes; calyx

2 lin. long, obconic or broadly campanulate, unequally 4-lobed,

glabrous or puberulous, eiliate, sometimes rather densely, with simple

and branched hairs and 1 or more of the lobes often with 1 or more

long gland-tipped hairs ; corolla 1-1 lin. long, campanulate, with 4

concave, deltoid, acute or rounded lobes, which are sometimes very

minutely denticulate and glabrous or minutely puberulous on the

back ; stamens 4, equalling or slightly exceeding the corolla; fila-

ments and the quadrate anthers connate; ovary puberulous around

the base of the + lin. long style; stigma large, peltate, just exceeding

the anthers. Blepharophyllum divaricatum, Klotzsch in Linnea,

xii. 216.

Coast Reaion: Worcester Div.; Bains Kloof, 3200 ft., Schlechter, 9181!

Dutoits Kloof, Drége, 7750! Stellenbosch Div. ; mountains near Lowrys Pass,

Bolus, 5556! and without precise locality, Zeyher ! Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek

Mountains, Ecklon & Zeyher !

5. 8. biconvexa (N. E. Br.); branchlets irregular, somewhat

flexuose, minutely tomentose, mingled with longer simple or

glandular hairs, greyish; leaves 3-nate, very spreading and more or

less recurved, }—1 lin. long, 1—3 lin. broad, linear-oblong, obtuse,

about equally convex above and beneath, grooved on the back,

pubescent or puberulous, with 2-3 long gland-tipped hairs on each

margin and | at the apex ; flowers usually 2-3 terminating the short

lateral branchlets, sometimes also axillary, sessile; calyx broadly

cup-shaped, unequally 4-lobed, 4 lin, long, villous-pubescent, often

Scyphogyne. | ERICACEE (Brown). 411

with a few gland-tipped hairs on the ciliate margins of the lobes ;

corolla rather more than + lin. long, globose-campanulate, with 4

short deltoid acute teeth, thickly pubescent to 3-way down;

stamens 4, connate, shortly exceeding the corolla; style } lin. long,

deciduous ; stigma large, crater-like, with slightly incurved margins,

exserted just beyond the anthers.

Coast Reeion: Paarl Div.; French Hoek, Schlechter, 9244!

This closely resembles 8. divaricata, Benth., but differs in its pubescent leaves,

which are distinctly recurving and have a convex upper surface, the corolla also

is slightly larger and pubescent with very much longer and different hairs,

6. S. glandulifera (N. E. Br.) ; a small very dwarf plant, 4—6 in.

high ; branches erect, flexuose, clothed with a fine pubescence inter-

mingled with longer gland-tipped hairs ; leaves 3-nate, ascending or

spreading, *-11 lin, long with the petiole, 1-1 lin, broad, oblong-

linear, obtuse, turgidly biconvex, puberulous, ciliate with about 3

long gland-tipped hairs on each side, with 1 at the apex and a few

on the back ; flowers in small heads or clusters of 38-6 terminating

exceedingly short lateral branchlets of the main branches, sessile ;

calyx 2 lin. long, broadly obconic or funnel-shaped, subequalling the

corolla, somewhat unequally 4-lobed, puberulous ; lobes ovate, acute,

all ciliate with long gland-tipped hairs ; corolla }—2 lin. long, funnel-

shaped-campanulate, very shortly 4- (occasionally 5-) lobed, puberu-

lous on the upper part; lobes broadly deltoid, erect, twice as broad as

long, subacute, very minutely denticulate ; stamens 4 (occasionally 5),

at maturity slightly exceeding the corolla; filaments connate into a

membranous tube which extends half-way up the sides of the

anthers and connects them together; anthers 2 lin. long, subquad-

rate, with a triangular notch at the minutely seabrid apex; ovary

slightly obovoid, minutely puberulous at the top, rather abruptly

contracted into the slender puberulous 3 lin. long style; stigma

exserted 3—1 lin. beyond the anthers, large, broadly erater-like.

Centrat Recion: Ceres Div. ; Cold Bokkeveld, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 8897 !

7. 8. longistyla (N. E. Br.) ; branchlets slender, flexuose, puberu-

lous with or without the admixture of longer gland-tipped hairs ;

leaves 3-nate in more or less distant whorls, sometimes alternate,

spreading or ascending, 1—% lin. long with the petiole, {—} lin. broad,

linear or ovate-oblong, convex on both sides, sometimes very turgid

and almost subcylindric, with a long gland-tipped hair at the apex

and 1-8 on each margin, often also minutely ciliate, otherwise

glabrous, or slightly puberulous on the upper side; flowers 1-3,

terminal, sessile or with a minute pedicel }-1 lin. long; calyx

2 lin. long, subequally 4-lobed to the middle, obconic-campanulate,

glabrous, ciliate, 1 or 2 lobes slightly longer than the others, ovate,

acute, tipped with a long hair, the rest subquadrate, very obtuse or

subtruncate, apiculate; corolla slightly exceeding the calyx, $ lin.

long, obconic-campanulate, 4-lobed, glabrous, not ciliate ; lobes short,

412 ERICACEs (Brown). [ Scyphogyne.

rounded or deltoid, obtuse, very minutely denticulate ; stamens 4,

about as long as the corolla; filaments and basal part of the anthers

connate, 1—1 lin. long; ovary globose, minutely puberulous at the

base of the style or glabrous; style + to nearly 1 lin. long, much

exserted, glabrous ; stigma large, peltate, flat.

Coast Region: Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek, 1500 ft., Schlechter, 7556!

Bredasdorp Div. ; Elands Kloof, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 9748 !

8. S. eglandulosa (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 710); erect;

branchlets slender, erect, flexuose, crowded, white-puberulous or

glabrous; leaves 3-nate, adpressed, }—$ lin. long with the petiole,

11 lin. broad, ovate, subacute, flat and usually puberulous (at least

when young) on the upper side, very convex and glabrous on the

back, at first minutely ciliate; flowers 1—-3-nate, terminal or axillary,

sessile; calyx about 1 lin. long, nearly or quite as long as the corolla,

obconic, sharply 4-angled, 4-lobed, glabrous or slightly puberulous

on the angles ; lobes unequal, 1 larger than the rest, about > as long

as the tube, deltoid, acute, ciliate; corolla 3 lin. long, obconic, 4-

lobed, glabrous, drying brown, ciliate on the deltoid or broadly

ovate erect lobes, which are }—} as long as the tube; stamens 4,

equalling or just exceeding the corolla; filaments free, slender;

anthers free at maturity, 4 lin. long, cuneate-oblong, broadly

notehed at the apex; ovary narrowly ovoid, glabrous, tapering into

the glabrous style ; stigma just exserted, large, shallowly concave with

an incurved toothed margin. Omphalocaryon glandulosum, Klotasch

in Linnsa, xii. 244. O. eglandulosum, Klotzsch ex Benth. in DC.

Prodr. l.c. and on label in Herb, Kew.

Coast ReGion: Caledon Div.; on the Zwart Berg, near the Hot Baths,

Zeyher! Ecklon 5° Zeyher ex Klotzsch,

9. S. fasciculata (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 709) ; branches erect,

rather straight, crowded, minutely puberulous ; leaves 3-nate, ad-

pressed, 2 to nearly 1 lin. long, }—} lin. broad, lanceolate or ovate-

oblong, acute, minutely ciliate and at first puberulous, becoming

glabrous ; flowers axillary or congested into very small leafy heads,

sessile; calyx 4 lin. long, sharply 4-angled, unequally 4-lobed

11.way down, glabrous, ciliate, one lobe broader and stouter than

the rest; corolla } lin. long, scarcely exceeding the calyx, obconic,

4-lobed, glabrous, ciliate, very thin, drying brown; lobes about 3

as long as the tube, deltoid-ovate, obtuse ; stamens 4, free, very

slightly exceeding the corolla; anthers }—} lin. long, cuneate-oblong,

broadly notched at the apex, dark brown or blackish ; ovary narrowly

ovoid, glabrous, tapering into the glabrous style ; stigma just exceed-

ing the anthers, large, shallowly concave with the margin ineurved

and more or less toothed.

Coast Reeion: Caledon Div.; summit of the great mountain of Baviaans

Kloof, near Caledon, Burchell, 7716!

Scyphogyne. | ERICACEs (Brown). 413

10. S. remota (N. E. Br.); apparently about 1 ft. high, rather

laxly branched ; branches erect, with rather distant whorls of ascend-

ing-spreading branchlets, puberulous, pale whitish-brown or ash-

coloured ; leaves 3-nate, 1-2 the length of the internodes on the

main branches, about equalling them on the branchlets, mostly ad-

pressed, 1-2 lin. long, linear, acute, slender, glabrous; flowers

axillary and terminal, usually 1-3 (rarely 4-6) together, pedicellate ;

pedicels 1-1 lin. long, glabrous; calyx 4 lin. long, truncate at the

base, unequally 4-toothed to half-way down, glabrous, green ; teeth

deltoid or the longer one somewhat linear, acute ; corolla } lin. long,

campanulate, glabrous, thin, greenish ; lobes about 3 as long as the

tube, deltoid-ovate, very obtuse or rounded, ineurved ; stamens 4—6 ;

- filaments 2 as long as the anthers, broad, connate for nearly half

their length, torn asunder by the enlargement of the ovary ; anthers

included, 2 lin. long, oblong, bifid, connate for half their length ;

ovary ovoid, conically tapering into the short style, with several

minutely puberulous lines, which are often invisible when wetted ;

stigma not exserted beyond the corolla, large, concave-peltate,

Coast Recion: Caledon Div.; near the River Zondereinde, 7000 ft.,

Schlechter, 9897 !

11. S. capitata (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 710); a bush 1-2 ft.

high; branches puberulous or pubescent; leaves 3-nate, adpressed

or ascending, 2—1 lin. long with the petiole, 3-5 lin. broad, linear to

narrowly ovate-oblong, obtuse or with a sessile truncate gland at

the apex, denticulate on the margins, glabrous, perhaps viscid ;

flowers sessile, 2-20 in small terminal head-like clusters 1-2 lin. in

diam., greenish-yellow ; calyx 2-3 lin. long and as much in diam.,

coriaceous, 4-lobed, broadly pear-shaped, with the tips of the lobes

incurved, rather densely puberulous all over outside ; lobes broader

than long, the outer one much broader than the rest, all subtruneate,

with or without an apiculus or the larger with a short thick point,

ciliate ; corolla 1—2 lin. long, } lin. in diam., pear-shaped, glabrous,

4-lobed, about as long as the calyx, with the very short rounded

suberect lobes exserted when fully developed, not hyaline, drying

brown ; stamens 4, included, adhesive to the corolla ; filaments free,

linear ; anthers at first connate, apparently at length free, 3 lin. long,

subrectangular, broadly notched at the apex ; ovary ovoid, narrowed

into the style, which is minutely puberulous at the base; stigma

large, peltate, with an erect margin, just exserted beyond the corolla.

Omphalocaryon capitatum, Klotasch in Linnea, xii. 244.

Van. 8, brevifolia (N. E. Br.) ; calyx glabrous or slightly puberulous on the

basal part only ; lobes minutely denticulate or entire, not ciliate or only at the

sides ; otherwise as in the type. 8. brevifolia, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 710.

Coast Region: Caledon Div.; mountains near Caledon and Genadendal and

between Hottentots Holland and Caledon, Ecklon § Zeyher! mountains near

Genadendal, 1000 ft., Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 614! Var. 8B: Caledon

Div. ; mountains near Genadendal, 1000-2000 ft., Burchell, 7621! Bolus, 54181

6963 | Schlechter, 77481 9799!

414 ERICACE (Brown). [ Scyphogyne.

The corolla is much more exserted in Schlechter 7748 than in any other

specimen examined ; in some it is no longer than the calyx, but in these it may

be immature.

12. S. viscida (N. EH. Br.); an erect shrub; ultimate branchlets

spreading, 3-11 in. long, glandular-pubescent ; bark reddish-brown ;

leaves 8-nate, spreading, 1-13 lin. long with the petiole, 4—3 lin.

- broad, linear or ovate-oblong, with a sessile concave-truneate gland ©

at the apex, glabrous, very viscid, ciliate with 3-5 long gland-tipped

hairs on each side; flowers in very short terminal oblong or sub-

globose heads or spikes, sessile ; calyx obconic or somewhat top-

shaped, unequally 4-lobed, about as long as the corolla-tube with the

longer lobe exceeding it, 2 lin. long at the shorter part, puberulous ;

lobes subtruncate, minutely apiculate, ciliolate, the larger often

mueh produced and leaf-like; corolla * lin. long, somewhat pear-

shaped, often more or less oblique, 4-lobed, glabrous ; lobes equila-

terally triangular, acute, erect; stamens 4, as long as the corolla-

tube ; filaments free, slender ; anthers 1—2 lin. long, subrectangular,

or quadrate, broadly notched at the apex, free or connate at the

lower part, sometimes adhering to the corolla; ovary ovoid, minutely

puberulous on the upper part, tapering into the very stout conical

puberulous style ; stigma just exserted, large, peltate, entire.

Coast Reeion: Robertson Div.; rocky hills near Montagu Bath, 800 ft.,

Bolus, 6721!

13. S. micrantha (N. E. Br.); probably 12 ft. or more high, with

stout main branches, densely much branched above; branchlets

slender, erect, often flexuose, very minutely subtomentose to sub-

glabrous, greyish, becoming brown ; leaves 3-nate, erect or ascending-

spreading, usually longer than the internodes, 14-2} lin. long, linear,

acute or subacute, slender, glabrous; flowers 1-3 together, axillary

or on very minute axillary branchlets, shorter than the petioles of

the leaves subtending them, subsessile; calyx usually about 3 lin.

long, rather broad and shallow, truncate at the base, unequally or

subequally 4-toothed to the middle, usually glabrous or sometimes

puberulous on the same specimen ; teeth ovate, acute, or the larger

one sometimes with a linear point, very minutely ciliate; corolla

much exceeding the calyx, 3 lin. long, subovoid or subglobose-

campanulate, 4-lobed, thin, usually glabrous, but sometimes puberu-

lous on the same specimen ; lobes 3-4 as long as the tube, incurved,

deltoid-ovate, obtuse or rounded; stamens 4-8, included ; filaments

free or very shortly and irregularly connate at the base; anthers

connate, about + lin. long, subquadrate or oblong, notched and very

minutely scabrid or subhispid at the apex, not subglandular as

originally described ; ovary ovoid with a minute tuft of hairs at the

apex, l-celled; style slender, arising by the side of the tuft and

becoming more and more oblique or sublateral as the ovary enlarges

‘and becomes more globose, when it bends over to the apex of the

ovary ; stigma very large in proportion to the ovary, peltate, crater-

Seyphogyne. | ERICACEZ (Brown). 415

like with the margin incurved, puberulous on the underside, not

exserted from the corolla; fruit subglobose, coriaceous or perhaps

crustaceous when ripe, l-seeded. Salazis micrantha, Benth. in DC,

Prodr. vii. 711; Dietr. Synop. Pl. ii. 1261. 8. awillaris, b, Drége,

Zwet Pflanz. Docum, 217, not of Salisbury.

South Arrica: without locality, Roxburgh !

Coast ReGion: Worcester Div.; Dutoits Kloof, 3000-4000 ft., Drege !

14. S. trimera (N. E. Br.); a densely much-branched shrublet

1-11 ft. high ; branchlets puberulous ; leaves 3-nate, erect or ascend-

ing, 3-1 lin. long with the petiole, linear, subacute or obtuse,

glabrous or minutely puberulous, often at first tipped with a few

fine hairs; flowers axillary or terminating exceedingly short axillary

branchlets, 1-3 together, sessile or subsessile; calyx obconic,

3-angled and unequally 3-lobed, rarely imperfectly 4-lobed,

glabrous or puberulous on the angles, ciliate on the lobes; tube

1-1 lin. long, transparent between the angles, lobes 3—} lin. long,

linear, obtuse; corolla 3-2 lin. long, urceolate, 3-lobed, ovoid-

inflated, broadest (2 lin. in diam.) slightly above the middle,

contracted at the base, but scarcely so or not at all below the

lobes, varying from nearly or quite glabrous to puberulous nearly all

over ; lobes 4—1 lin. long, oblong or ovate-oblong, very obtuse, erect

or slightly connivent; stamens 3, included; filaments free, slender ;

anthers connate, less than 2 lin. long, subquadrate, shortly and

obtusely bifid; ovary narrowly ovoid, tapering into the style which

is puberulous at the apex; stigma just exserted from the corolla,

broadly funnel-shaped.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Sieber, 175!

Coast Reaion: Cape Div.; eastern slopes of Devils Mountain, 1500 ft.,

Bolus, 4496 !

The variation in the size of the corolla is probably due to different stages of

maturity of the flower.

15. S. urceolata (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 709) ; like S. trimera

in appearance and foliage, but the pubescence on the branchlets is

longer; leaves glabrous ; flowers 1-3 terminating short or elongated

axillary branchlets, with distinct pedicels {—-} lin. long; calyx

obconic, unequally 4-lobed, 4-angled, glabrous, ciliate on the lobes ;

tube + lin. long, subtransparent between the angles; lobes 3-3 lin,

long, linear, acute ; corolla 2—3 lin. long, urceolate, 4-lobed, distinctly

contracted below the lobes and at the base, broadest (3-3 lin. in

diam.) at the globose-inflated middle, puberulous on the upper haif ;

lobes ereet, 1—2 lin. long, ovate, subacute ; stamens 3, included ;

filaments free, slender ; anthers connate at the base, } lin. long, sub-

quadrate ; ovary narrowly ovoid, narrowed into the style, which is

puberulous at the apex; stigma just exserted from the corolla, —

broadly funnel-shaped. Tristemon urceolatus, Klotasch in Linnea,

xii. 245.

416 ERICACE® (Brown). [Scyphogyne.

Coast Region: Cape Div.; “mountains near Cape Town” (ex Klotzsch),

Bergius !

I find the flowers to be distinctly although minutely pedicellate in Bergius’

specimen (which I take to be the type), not sessile as described by Klotzsch.

16. S. Burchellii (N. E. Br.) ; an erect shrub about 3 ft. high ;

in its branchlets, leaves, arrangement of the flowers and pubescence

exactly as in S. trimera; flowers with distinct pedicels 4 lin. long ;

calyx obconic, unequally 4-lobed, 4-angled, glabrous, with ciliate

lobes ; tube 2 lin. long or less ; lobes 1—3 lin. long, linear, subacute

or obtuse; corolla 3 lin. long, urceolate, 4-lobed, ovoid-inflated and

broadest (1 lin. in diam.) above the middle, tapering or slightly

contracted at the base, not contracted under the slightly connivent

lobes, puberulous nearly all over; lobes about 4 lin. long and as

much or more in breadth, deltoid-ovate, obtuse, ciliolate ; stamens 3,

ineluded ; filaments free, slender; anthers free or scarcely connate,

not quite 1 lin. long, cuneately subquadrate, shortly and obtusely

bifid at the apex; ovary narrowly ovoid, glabrous, tapering into the

style, which is glabrous or with only 2 or 3 minute hairs at the

apex ; stigma just exserted from the corolla, broadly funnel-shaped.

Coast REGion: Worcester Div.; Matroos Berg, 7000 ft., Bolus in Herb.

Guthrie, 3942! Caledon Div. ; tops of the mountains of Baviaans Kloof near

Caledon, Burchell, 7747! Schlechter, 9874!

17. 8. puberula (Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 709); branehes

erect, crowded, finely puberulous ; leaves 3-nate, 3-1 lin. long with

their petioles, 1—1 lin. broad, erect, linear, obtuse or subacute,

puberulous; flowers axillary or terminating exceedingly short

axillary branchlets, sessile ; calyx + lin. long, unequally divided into

2 parts, 1 lobe being separated nearly to the base and widely spread-

ing from the other 3, which are connate nearly to the middle into a

trifid lobe, with incurved tips, all ciliate with long hairs on the

margins, otherwise glabrous ; corolla 3 lin. long and as much or

rather more in diam., globose, 4-lobed, puberulous, not hyaline ;

lobes sometimes obscure, at others broadly ovate, obtuse, incurved,

ciliate ; stamens 3, about equalling the corolla, free; anthers about

1 lin. long and broad, subquadrate ; ovary ovoid, glabrous, narrowed

into the style ; stigma just exserted beyond the corolla, cup-shaped,

toothed, minutely puberulous around its base. T'ristemon puberulus,

Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 245.

Coast Recion: Caledon Div.; on the Zwart Berg, near Caledon, Ecklon !

XIX. LAGENOCARPUS, Klotzsch.

Bracts 0. Calyx campanulate or obconic-eampanulate, more or

less unequally 4- (rarely 5-) toothed, obscurely angular. Corolla

very small, slightly exceeding the calyx or shorter than its longest

tooth, arising from the middle or lower part of the ovary, not

Lagenocarpus. | ERICACEE (Brown). | 417.

hypogynous, shortly tubular-campanulate, with 4 (rarely 5) incurved

tooth-like rounded to subquadrate lobes 1—1 as long as the tube,

separated by rounded interspaces. Stamens usually 8, occasionally 7,

quite included, arising from the ovary at the insertion of the corolla ;

filaments i—1 as long as the anthers, connate throughout their length

into a tube, often becoming more or less torn asunder by the enlarge-

ment of the ovary, more or less adhesive to the corolla; anthers

oblong, bifid, connate for half their length, opening laterally at the

apical half. Ovary on a short stalk within and quite free from the

calyx, but half inferior to the corolla, 1l-celled (not 2—3-celled as

stated in the key on p. 4); style short; stigma large peltate, just

exserted from the corolla. Ovules 4-5, pendulous from near the apex

of a central placenta, which is quite free from the side wall of the

ovary and only attached at the apex and base, dilated and thin at

the basal part, filiform above. Fruit not seen, but evidently often

l1-seeded. :

Small shrubs or shrublets resembling a Salawis in appearance ; leaves grooved

down the back; flowers 1-3 together, terminal or on minute axillary branchlets,

preieh are shorter than the leaves and covered with minute bracts or very small

eaves.

Distris. Species 2, endemic.

The ovary of this genus is, so far as I am aware, unique in the Vegetable

Kingdom, and has never previously been correctly described. It is so con-

spicuously half-inferior to the corolla that it seems remarkable that so unique a

character should have escaped the notice of all previous authors. The placenta-

tion and number of ovules are rather difficult to determine, and cannot be

correctly understood from transverse sections. In young ovaries, before the

stigma has emerged from the corolla, by carefully cutting or tearing away the

side wall of the ovary all round, a central slender placenta attached at its base

and apex, but quite unattached. to the sides of the ovary, can be clearly seen,

bearing 4-5 ovules suspended from near its apex; after the stigma has become

exserted, and before the formation of the embryo, 1-3 of the ovules become

aborted and sometimes apparently disappear, and in transverse sections of the

ovary made at this stage of development, the walls of the closely placed and

perhaps slightly adhesive empty ovules often give the false appearance of the

partitions of a 2-3-celled ovary, an error of observation, made after a hasty

examination, which caused me to so describe it on page 4. The central (not axile)

placenta is remarkable, and among South African Ericacee only occurs in this

genus and in Thamnus ; no other author appears to have noticed it.

(1) imbricatus.

Calyx and corolla glabrous (2) ciliatus.

Calyx and corolla puberulous

1. L. imbricatus (Klotzsch in Linnea, xii. 214) ; 1-1) ft. high,

much branched ; branchlets minutely tomentose-puberulous ; leaves

3-nate, erectly imbrieate, ascending or more rarely spreading, longer

than the internodes, 1-2 lin. long with the petiole, oblong or oblong-

linear, subacute, very minutely scabrid or erose-denticulate on the

margins and sometimes edged with minute sessile glands when

young ; flowers axillary and terminal, 1-3 together or sometimes

several clustered at the ends of the branchlets; calyx {-1 lin. long,

coriaceous, glabrous, green ; teeth usually about half as long as the

tube, very broadly deltoid-ovate, acute or obtuse, with or without

VOL, IV.—BSECT, I. Ee

418 ERICACEZ (Brown). [ Lagenocarpus.

minute sessile glands on their edges ; corolla 2—% lin, long from its

insertion on the ovary, glabrous, greenish ; lobes } as long as the

tube; ovary shortly but distinctly stalked, somewhat globose or

ellipsoid, abruptly narrowed into a stout puberulous style; stigma

puberulous on the underside. Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 710; Rach

an Linnea, xxvi. 792. Erica serrata, Thunb. Prodr. 69, and Fl.

Cap. ed. Schultes, 346. Blexria serrata, Thunb. Diss. Bleria, 6.

Salaxis imbricatus, Drude in Engl. §& Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. i. 64,

Jig. A—D inaccurate.

SoutH ArFrica: without locality, Thunberg!

Coast Rrecion: Paarl Div.; mountains around French Hoek, 1900-4000 ft.,

Bolus, 7000! Schlechter, 9280! Stellenbosch Div. ; Gordons Bay, 100 ft.,

Guthrie! Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek Mountains, Ecklon § Zeyher, Schlechter,

7329! Bolus, 5411! mountains near Genadendal, Burchell, 7683! Drége!

Bolus, 7406! Zwart Berg, near Caledon, Ecklon & Zeyher, Pappe ! Babylous

Tower, Ecklon § Zeyher ! Shaws Mountain, Galpin, 3729! Bredasdorp Div. ;

Elim, 600 ft., Schlechter, 7644!

2. L. ciliatus (N. E. Br.) ; habit, branchlets, foliage and arrange-

ment of the flowers exactly as in LZ. imbricatus, but perhaps more

dwarf; calyx about 1 lin. long, rather rigidly coriaceous, puberulous

all over the outside ; teeth unequal, broadly deltoid-ovate, obtuse or

acute, 11 as long as the tube ; corolla 1-2 lin. long from its inser-

tion on the ovary, minutely puberulous; lobes about 1 as long as

the tube, rounded ; ovary varying from slightly rhomboid-ellipsoid

to subglobose, abruptly contracted into the stalk below and into the

rather stout style above, slightly angularly ribbed and puberulous on

the upper half and style; stigma puberulous on the underside.

Salaxis ciliata, Benth. in DC. Prodr. vii. 711. S. brevifolia, Dietr.

Synop. Pl. ii. 1261.

Coast ReGion : Caledon Div.; mountains near Genadendal, Burchell, 7616!

7681! 7829! Bolus, 5482!

Orvik LXXX. PLUMBAGINEZ.

(By C. H. Wricut.)

Flowers regular, hermaphrodite. Calyx 5- 10- or 15-ribbed ; tube

cylindrical, rarely campanulate; limb usually 5-toothed or -lobed,

membranous and hyaline between the lobes, introrsely or extrorsely

rolled in bud, patent during flowering. Petals 5, connate at the

very base only or into a tube shorter or longer than the calyx, imbri-

cate, Stamens 5, hypogynous or adnate to the petals; filaments

filiform ; anthers ovate or oblong, dorsifixed; cells 2, parallel,

dehiscence longitudinal. Ovary sessile or stipitate, 1-celled, often

5-angled above; ovule 1, pendulous from an erect basal funicle ;

styles 5, distinct or more or less connate ; stigmas capitate or linear.

Fruit usually enclosed by the calyx, dehiscing by an operculum or

Statice. | PLUMBAGINER (Wright), 419

circumscissile near the base, or 5-valved, sometimes indehiscent.

Seed filling the cell; testa membranous ; endosperm floury, copious,

scanty or 0; embryo straight, terete or slightly compressed.

Herbs, acaulescent or with short stem and leaves in a rosette, sometimes

suffrutescent, more rarely herbs or shrubs with elongated branched stem and

alternate leaves, which leave annular scars on falling off; scape or peduncle

terminal, dichotomously branclied, more rarely simple ; flowers sessile or on a

short thick pedicel, solitary or few in spikelets, often secund, rarely capitate,

rose, violet, blue or yellow, rarely white; bracts usually rigid, scarious at the

edge, one subtending each spikelet ; bracteoles 1 or more to each flower,

Distrie. Species about 200, in maritime and desert places, especially in the

Mediterranean region ; a few cosmopolitan.

I. Statice.—Stemless herbs or dwarf shrubs. Calyw-limb patent, scarious,

coloured. Petals almost free.

II. Plumbago.—Rambling shrubs. Calyx not scarious, glandular, shortly

5-toothed. Corolla salver-shaped.

ITI, Vogelia.—Erect undershrubs. Calyx papery, deeply 5-lobed, bearing 5

vertical wings, eglandular. Corolla funnel-shaped.

I. STATICE, Willd.

Calyx usually funnel-shaped ; tube usually equally 10-ribbed at

the base, ribs uniting in pairs above, rarely 10- or 5-ribbed through-

out ; limb scarious, plicate, patent, 5-toothed. Petals connate at the

very base or free. Stamens adnate to the base of the petals. Styles

5, distinct, rarely shortly united. Fruit included in the calyx,

indehiscent or variously dehiscing. Seed filling the cell; albumen

scanty, or copious on one side of or all round the embryo.

Perennial, rarely annual, stemless herbs, or small shrubs branched from the

base, glabrous, pulverulent or lepidote ; leaves radical or cauline and alternate,

flat ; inflorescence racemose, cymose or paniculate ; peduncles terete or winged ;

bracts scale-like, small, enwrapping one or more flowers,

Distrib. Species about 120, chiefly in the coast and desert regions of the

northern hemisphere, some in Australia.

Calyx-limb at least 5 lin. in diam. :

Panicles corymbose :

Leaves and scape smooth or nearly so ... ... (1) purpurata.

Leaves and scape papillose oe Say .. (2) rosea,

Panicles spicate as ate ie é .. (3) amena.

Calyx-limb less than 5 lin. in diam. :

Plants erect :

Panicles dense : :

Leaves linear-subulate —... rei + (4) kraussiana,

Leaves linear : ne ... (5) linifolia,

Leaves obovate or oblanceolate :

Spikelets 1-flowered .., Te -- (6) scabra,

Spikelets 2-flowered:

Panicle densely —_ racemosely

branched ae se on

Panicle less dense, corymbose :

Calyx 2 lin.long ... ss (9) dregeana.

Calyx 34 lin. long ... -++ (9) avenacea,

Panicles very diffuse... a re .»» (10) anthericoides.

Plants decumbent —_... bud = be ..+ (11) decumbens,

(7) equisetina.

420 PLUMBAGINE® (Wright). [ Statice.

1. 8. purpurata (Linn. Mant. 59); stem woody, terete, clothed

with the persistent leaf-bases; leaves obovate-lanceolate, obtuse,

mucronate, smooth, coriaceous, obscurely 3-nerved, 1 in. long, 6 lin.

wide ; petiole nearly 2 in, long, sheathing at the base; panicle much

branched, nearly 1 ft. high, smooth or obscurely scabrid ; spikelets

. I-flowered ; bracts 3 Jin. long, lanceolate; bracteoles ovate, the

outer 1, the inner 3 lin. long, coriaceous with a broad white scarious

border ; calyx-tube pilose below; limb 6 lin. in diam., 5-ribbed ;

lobes 10, rounded, the alternate shorter; stamens and pistil as in

S. rosea, Sm. Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xii. 666.

VaR. 8, longifolia (Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xii. 667); leaves oblanceolate or

nearly linear, up to 10 in. long and 2 lin. wide, usually much smaller. 8. longi-

folia, Thunb. Prodr. 54, Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 241, ed. Schult. 276; Drége, Zwet

Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 110. 8. scabra, Drége, l.c. 70.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Wallich! Var. B, Villette!

_ Coast Region: Clanwilliam Div. ; between Kromme River and Berg Vallei,

below 1000 ft., and between Pikiniers Kloof and Marcus Kraal, 1000-1500 ft.,

Drége ! Worcester Div, ; near Worcester, Cooper, 1618 !

CENTRAL ReGion: Var. 8, Calvinia Div.; Uien Vallei, 2000-2500 ft., Drége !

2. 8. rosea (Sm. in Rees, Cyclop. xxxiv.) ; whole plant usually

under 1 ft. high; stem short, woody, covered by the leaf-bases ;

leaves obovate, up to 2 in. long and nearly 1 in. wide, tapering into

a petiole 1 in. long, which expands into a long sheathing base,

papillose on both surfaces; panicle corymbose, many-flowered,

rhachis and branches tubereulate ; spikelets 1-flowered ; bracts short,

lanceolate ; bracteoles ovate, enwrapping the calyx-tube, 4 lin. long,

with broad white scarious margins ; calyx-tube cylindric, 4 lin. long,

pilose in the lower half, strongly 5-ribbed; limb 5 lin. in diam. ;

lobes 10, rounded, crenate, five 1 lin. long, five 1 lin. long; petals

oblanceolate, obtuse, 6 lin. long, 14 lin. wide, united at the very

base; filaments 3 lin. long, inserted between the anther-cells ;

anthers oblong, nearly 1 lin. long, verrucose, cells distinct in the

lower half, mucronate at the base; ovary oblong, deeply 5-lobed ;

styles distinct, longer than the petals. Boiss. in DC. Prodr, xi.

667. S. peregrina, Berg. Descr. Pl. Cap. 80, excl. syn. 8S. pur-

purata, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1528; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 277,

not of Linn. 8S. rytidophylla, Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 4055. S.

dicksoniana, Hort. ex Hook. 1.c.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Burchell, '754! Wallich ! :

Coast ReGion: Piqnetberg Div.; St. Helena Bay, Mader! Clanwilliam

Div.; between Lange Vallei and Heerenlogement, below 500 ft., Drége! Zuur-

fontein, 150 ft., Schlechter, 8528! Cape Div.; near Blue Berg, MacOwan,

§ Bolus, Herb. Norm, Austr.-Afr., 235! Div.? Roeberg (? Koe Berg), Bergius

ex Boissier. .

3. S. amena (C. H. Wright); branches few from the apex of the

rootstock ; leaves oblanceolate, up’ to 1} in. long and 2 lin. wide,

more or less rugose when dry, mucronate; scape about 6 in. high,

branched low down, tuberculate; spikelets distichous, 1-flowered,

Statice. | PLUMBAGINEH (Wright). 421

spicately spaced out on the branches; outer bracteoles 1 lin. long,

suborbicular, acute, hyaline-margined; inner bracteole elliptic,

3} lin, long, enwrapping the flower, hyaline-margined in the upper

half; calyx tubular-campanulate, 5 lin. long, 5 lin. in diam., rose-

colour; tube hirsute outside below; lobes 5, very short, rounded,

the alternate larger; anthers oblong ; cells united only in the upper

half.

CENTRAL Reeion: Worcester Div.; stony places near Touws River Railway

Statiov, 2500 ft., Bolus in Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 1080!

4. 8. kraussiana (Buching. ex Krauss in Flora, 1845, 73); stem

short ; branches tufted, woody; leaves congested, rigid, linear-

subulate, almost pungent, flat above, convex beneath, 6 lin. long;

scape about 1 in. long, paniculately branched ; spikelets 2-flowered ;

outer bract very short, inner 2 lin. long, both coriaceous with

scarious margins; calyx narrowly funnel-shaped, 3 lin. long, 5-

ribbed ; lobes short, triangular; petals oblanceolate, obtuse, 4 lin.

long; anthers oval; ovary obovoid; style filiform. Boiss. in DC.

Prodr. xii. 657.

Coast Reeton: Bredasdorp Div. ; Elim, 150 ft., Schlechter, 9664! Zoetendals

Vallei, Krauss.

5. 8. linifolia (Linn. f. Suppl. 187); stem very short, woody,

usually branched ; leaves linear, up to 14 in. long and } lin. wide,

seabrid ; scape about 6 in. high, much branched above, scabrid ;

bracts short, scarious-edged ; spikelets 1-2-flowered, sessile or

shortly pedicelled ; outer bracteole 2 lin. long, coriaceous with a

hyaline border, two inner slightly shorter, scarious; calyx 2} lin.

long, 5-ribbed, pubescent outside in the lower half; lobes short,

triangular; petals 3 lin. long, oblanceolate, obtuse ; filaments fili-

form ; anthers 1 lin. long; ovary oblong, 5-angled ; styles filiform.

Thunb. Prodr. 54, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 277; Boiss. in DC.

Prodr. xii. 657 ; var, aretiefolia, Boiss, l.c.; var. collina, Eckl. &

Zeyh. ex Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 105, and in Linnea, xx. 203. S.

aretiefolia, Fries ex Boiss. l.c. 8S. sp., Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 56, 129.

Var. 8, brachyphylla (Boiss. in DO. Prodr. xii. 657); leaves very short,

narrowly subspathulate, obtuse; scape short, densely branched. 8. linifolia?

Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 129.

Vax. y, maritima (Eckl. & Zeyh. ex Boiss, l.c.); branchlets incurved; spike-

lets smaller, usually 1-flowered, more distant ; leaves flatter, wider.

Var. 5, robusta (C. H. Wright); stem bearing many short stout branches ;

leaves linear, usually obtuse, 9 lin. long, 1 lin. wide.

Coast Raion: Caledon Div. ; Verreauw ; Bredasdorp Div.; Cape Agulhas,

100 ft., Schlechter, 10568! Riversdale Div.; hills near Zoetemelks River,

Burchell, 6787! Knysna Div.; sand-hills at Plettenberg Bay, Burchell, 5315 !

Uitenhage Div. ; Zwartkops River, under 100 ft., Drége, 8017! Burchell, 4426!

and without precise locality, Zeyher / Var. B: Port Elizabeth Div. ; on sand-hills

near Port Elizabeth, under 100 ft., Drége! Albany Div.; Brak Kloof, near

Grahamstown, MacOwan, 444!

422 PLUMBAGINER ( Wright). [Statice.

Crentrat Reaion: Ceres Div.; Verkeerde Vley, Rehmann, 2841! Richmond

Div. ; vicinity of Styl Kloof near Richmond, 4000-5000 ft., Drége! Colesberg

Div. ; Colesberg, Shaw /

WEsTERN Reaion: Little Namaqualand ; Steinkopf, Schlechter !

KatanaRi ReGion: Var. 5: Griqualand West ; Lower Campbell, Burchell,

1818!

Boissier does not cite any locality or collector for var. maritima.

6. S. scabra (Thunb. Prodr. 54); rootstock woody; leaves

radical, obovate-oblong, obtuse, attenuate below into the petiole, up

to 3} in. long and 4 in. wide ; scapes several springing from the root-

stock, 6-12 in. high, fastigiately branched above, densely scabrid as

are also the branches; bracts 1 lin. long or less, triangular; spikelets

1-flowered ; bracteoles 21 lin. long, coriaceous with a scarious

border ; calyx 3 lin. long, ineluding the 3 lin. long oval subacute

lobes; petals oblanceolate, obtuse, slightly longer than the calyx;

anthers short, oval; ovary 5-ribbed ; styles filiform, Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 276; Krauss in Flora, 1845, 72; Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xii.

659, :

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Grey ! Thom, 86! Villette! Webb!

Coast ReGion: Cape Div.; Camps Bay, Burchell, 849! Cape Peninsula,

Millers Point, Jameson ! Fish-hook Bay, Jameson! Simons Bay, Milne, 202!

Riversdale Div. ; Great Valsch River, Burchell, 6534! Mossel Bay Div. ; between

the landing-place at Mossel Bay and Cape St. Blaize, Burchell, 6278! Knysna

Div. ; Plettenberg Bay, on sand-hills, Burchell, 5314! near Knysna, Burchell,

5387 ! Uitenhage Div. ; Sundays River, Gill / locality doubtful, Zeyher, 656! Port —

Elizabeth Div. ; on hills near Port Elizabeth and on dunes near Cape Recife, up to

500 ft., Zeyher, 1430! Bathurst Div. ; sea-coast, among sand-hills at Tharfield

and near Kowie, Atherstone, 59! Kowie, MacOwan, 885! between Port Alfred

and Kaffir Drift, Burchell, 3858! Peddie Div.; Fredericksburg, on the Gualanna

River, Gill! Div. ? sand-flats, Baur, 176!

Western Region: Little Namaqualand; Steinkopf, Max Schlechter, 37!

and without precise locality, Seully, 225!

7. 8. equisetina (Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xii. 658) ; rootstock short,

woody ; leaves obovate or oblanceolate, obtuse or acute, sharply

mueronate, up to 1} in. long and 2 in. wide, smooth or nearly so;

scapes many from each rootstock, }—1 ft. high, much branched nearly

from the base, forming a subcylindrical panicle; branches about

‘1 in. long, smooth or slightly rough; spikelets 2-flowered ; outer

bract broadly ovate or suborbicular, shortly cuspidate, * lin. long ;

inner bract elliptic, navicular, hyaline-margined, about 2 lin. long;

calyx tubular, shortly 5-lobed; petals oblanceolate. S. linifolia,

Drige, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 110, not of Thunb.

Var. 8, depauperata (Boiss. l.c.); scape and its branches tuberculate; in-

florescence more lax than in the type ; flowers sometimes solitary.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Wallich! var. 6: Villette! Harvey,

492!

Coast Reeion: Clanwilliam Div.; between Kromme River and Berg

Vallei, under 1000 ft., Drége! Var. 8: Cape Div. ; Cape Flats, Burke! about

the Windmills at Salt River, Burchell, 512!

Statiee. | PLUMBAGINER (Wright), 425

A plant about 6 in, high collected by Major Wolley Dod (678) at Vyges

Kraal in Cape Div, probably belongs to this species.

8. 8. dregeana (Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 105); rootstock woody ;

leaves linear-spathulate, 14 in. long, up to 2 lin. wide, obtuse,

mucronate; scape 4-10 in. high, flexuous, rough, as are also the

panicle-branches and bracts; panicle much-branched, branches

secund ; spikelets 2-flowered; bracts short, sheathing, acute; outer

bracteoles 2, subequal, inner elliptic, much longer than the outer ;

calyx 2 lin. long, 5-ribbed ; tube hairy outside, reddish; limb

scarcely as long as the tube, obtusely and shortly 5-lobed, white.

S. tetragona, Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 94, not of

Thunb.

WesterN Reaion : Little Namaqualand ; Haazenkraals River, 2000-2500 ft.,

Drége!

9. S. avenacea (C. H. Wright) ; rootstock woody ; leaves oblan-

ceolate, 11 in. long, }—% in. wide, rounded and shortly mueronate at

the apex, smooth, margins slightly revolute; scapes several from one

rootstock, flexuous, slightly tuberculate, 1-2 ft. high; branches

more or less erect ; spikelets congested near the ends of the branches,

2-flowered ; bracts shortly triangular, acuminate; outer bracteoles

1 lin. long, broadly triangular, acute, hyaline-margined, puberulous

on the back; inner bracteole broadly elliptic, acute, 2} lin. long,

enwrapping the flower, hyaline-margined; calyx tubular-campanu-

Jate, 33 lin. long, subulate in bud; lobes 5, } lin. long, rounded,

entire ; petals much longer than the calyx, linear-lanceolate, violet ?

Sovta Arrica: without locality, Grey !

Coast Rr@ion : Bredasdorp Div. ; sandy pluces near the mouth of the Ratel

River, 150 ft., Bolus, 8576!

This resembles 8. scabra, Thunb., but is of more lax habit.

10. S. anthericoides (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxiv. 450);

a stemless herb; leaves in one or more radical rosettes, obovate- or

elliptic-spathulate, obtuse, scabrid, coriaceous, 9 lin. long, 3 lin.

wide ; scape erect, about a foot high, verrucose, much (but laxly)

_ branched above; spikelets 2-flowered, distant; bracts broadly ovate

or suborbicular, obtuse, margin wide and hyaline ; calyx obconic,

2-3 lin. long, 5-ribbed, pilose at the base ; lobes 5, triangular, acute,

long mucronate, alternating with 5 very short obtuse lobes ; petals

nearly 4 lin. long, narrow, obtuse or shortly emarginate ; filaments

glabrous, filiform from a dilated base; anthers oblong ; styles fili-

form, free to the base, glabrous ; ovary 5-angled, obovoid, glabrous.

Coast Recion: Bredasdorp Div.; heathy places near Elim, Schlechter,

7709! Bolus, 8575!

11, §. decumbens (Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xii. 659) ; herbaceous,

-with small tufts of short hairs on the scapes and branches ; radical

leaves narrowly lanceolate-spathulate, obtuse, tapering into the

424 PLUMBAGINE® (Wright). [ Statice.

petiole ; branches decumbent or prostrate, filiform, long, simple or

sparingly branched; panieles erect from the upper side of the

branches, bearing 2—6 spikelets ; spikelets 2—3-flowered, short, not

crowded ; lower bract very short, acute, not scarious at the margin,

upper ovate-rotundate, convex, rather acute and hyaline at the apex ;

calyx quite glabrous; tube longer than the bracts; limb expanded,

very shortly lobed.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Drége, 9374 ex Boissier.

Coast Region: Malmesbury Div.; Saldanha Bay, Grey /

II. PLUMBAGO, Linn.

Calyx tubular, glandular, hyaline between the 5 ribs, persistent ;

lobes 5, short, erect. Corolla salver-shaped; tube slender; lobes 5,

patent, equal or nearly so. Stamens free from the corolla; fila-

ments filiform from a dilated base; anthers oblong-linear. Ovary

tapering upwards; style terminal, filiform, divided in the upper

part into 5 branches stigmatic along their inner surfaces. Capsule

membranous, circumscissile near the base, the deciduous part often

splitting into 5 valves from below. Endosperm scanty.

Perennial (rarely annual) herbs or shrubs, sometimes climbing ; leaves alter-

nate, auricled at the base, or the petiole amplexicaul ; flowers in spikes at the

ends of the branches, blue, rose, violet or white.

Distris. Species about 10 in the warmer regions of both hemispheres.

Corolla-tube three times as long as the calyx; axis of

spike puberulous pi a ec gy ... (1) capensis.

Corolia-tube twice as long as the calyx ; axis of spike

glandular... ee i cad ae oh ... (2) zeylanica.

1. P. capensis (Thunb. Prodr. 33); stem woody, subscandent,

_ striate; leaves entire, oblong or oblong-spathulate, obtuse or sub-

acute, shortly mucronate, tapering downwards into a very short

petiole, about 2 in. long and 8 in. wide, glabrous ; spikes about 2 in.

long; rhachis puberulous ; bracteoles oblong, acute, half as long as

the calyx; calyx 5 lin. long, pubescent, also bearing in the upper

part glands on stalks nearly 1 lin. long; corolla pale blue; tube

1{ in. long; limb 1 in. in diam.; lobes obovate, obtuse ; anthers

blue ; capsule oblong-clavate, rounded above, tapering and pen-

tagonal below. Fil. Cap. ed. Schult. 166; Bot. Mag. t, 2110; Bot.

Reg. t. 417; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 133, 1386;

Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xii. 693. P. auriculata, Poir. Encyel. ii. 270.

P. grandiflora, Ten. Cat. Hort. Neap. 1845, 91. Plumbagidiwm

auriculatum, Spach, Hist. Veg. Phan. x. 339, t. 149.

SoutnH AFRica: without locality, Villette! Pappe! —

Coast Ree@ion : Uitenhage Diy.; Uitenhage, Burchell, 4406! Zeyher! Addo,

Burke ! Coega River, Pappe! Enon, under 500 ft., Drege! Zuurberg Range,

2000-3000 ft., Drége/ and without precise locality, Zeyher, 568! Albany Div. ;

Howisons Port, near Grahamstown, MacOwan, Herb. Norm, Austr,-Afr., 589!

British Kaffraria, Cooper, 3046 !

Piumbago.] PLUMBAGINE® (Wright). 425

CxnTRAL ReGIoN: Somerset Div.; on the Bosch Berg, Burchell, 3182!

3192!

Eastern Recion; Natal; Inanda, Wood, 333! and without precise locality,

Gerrard, 1962! Sutherland !

2. P. zeylanica (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i, 151); stem woody, sub-

seandent, striate, much branched; leaves ovate or oblong, acute,

shortly and abruptly contracted into the petiole, about 12 in. long

and 1 in. wide, glabrous ; petiole } in. long, amplexicaul and slightly

auricled at the base; rhachis of spike glandular; bracteoles oblong,

acuminate, + the length of the calyx ; calyx } in. long, bearing long-

stalked glands throughout its length, otherwise glabrous; corolla

white ; tube 1 in. long; limb } in. in diam. ; lobes obovate, obtuse

or retuse, mucronate ; capsule elongate-oblong, tapering and 5-sulcate

upwards. Bot. Reg. 1846, t. 23; Bowss. in DC. Prodr. xii. 692;

Wight, Ill. t. 179; Benth. Fl. Austr. iv. 267; C. B. Cl. in Hook.

J. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 480. P. flaccida, Moench, Meth. 429. P. sar-

mentosa, Lam. Ill. i. 470, partly. P. capensis, var. alba, Williams,

Catal. 1886, 26. Thela alba, Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 119.

KaLanaRi Reaion: Transvaal; Berea, Barberton, 2918 ft., Thorncroft in

Herb. Wood, 3774! Kaap Valley, Barberton, 2000 ft., Galpin, 1298! 1849!

EastERN Reeion: Natal; Weenen County, Wood, 3555! Delagoa Bay,

Monteiro, 41!

Also in Tropical Africa, India, Malay Archipelago, Pacific Islands and

Australia,

Imperfectly known Species,

3. P. tristis (Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, i. 324); stem woody, slender,

flexuous, much and intricately branched, shortly glandular-seabrid ;

leaves obeordate-cuneate, retuse, mucronate, tapering into the petiole,

minutely scabrid, glandular-punctate, } in. long including the

petiole, 2 lin. wide at the apex; flowers few, remote, in short

terminal spikes; bracteoles pubescent, the lowest oblong, 4 the

length of the calyx, the lateral filiform, very small; calyx 5 lin.

long, shortly and adpressedly viscid-pubescent, also with very long

reddish spreading sete on the ribs; corolla-tube more than twice

as long as the calyx; limb unknown; capsule oblong, acutely 5-

angled, puberulous on the angles above. Boiss. in DC. Prodr. xii.

693. P. vogeliefolia, Eckl. § Zeyh. ex Boiss, l.c. 694.

South Arrica: without locality, Masson!

Said to have been introduced into cultivation in 1792, but is now lost.

Ill. VOGELIA, Lam.

Calyx 5-partite almost to the base, strongly 5-nerved, appearing

winged from the out-turned margins of the segments, strongly

transversely wrinkled, persistent. Corolla funnel-shaped ; lobes 5.

Stamens hypogynous. Ovary more or less 5-angled ; style terminal,

426 PLUMBAGINEE (Wright), [ Vogelia,

with 5 arms stigmatose on the inner side, Capsule cireumscissile at

the base, and splitting upwards into 5 valves,

More or less scaly shrubs or undershrubs; leaves alternate, entire; flowers

in dense terminal spikes ; bracts and bracteoles small,

Distris, A second species in India and a third in Socotra,

1. V. africana (Lam. Ill. ii, 148, t. 149); stems slender,

woody, much branched, 2 ft. or more high, sulcate, glaucous ;

leaves alternate, often distant and few, fleshy, broadly cuneate,

rounded, emarginate or cordate at the apex, sometimes mueronate,

more or iess coated with calcareous granules, up to 9 lin. long and

6 lin. wide, tapering into the 4 lin, long petiole ; flowers patent ;

calyx-segments ovate, abruptly acuminate, 4 lin. long, 2 lin. wide ;

corolla-tube subcylindrieal, 4 lin. long; lobes cuneate or obcordate,

cuspidate in the sinus, 2 lin, long, 14 lin. broad ; filaments very

slender; anthers } lin. long, sagittate ; ovary oblong, acumimate,

1 lin. long; style 32 lin. long including the 1 lin. long arms,

spreadingly hairy ; capsule longer than the persistent calyx. Boiss.

tn DC. Prodr. xii. 696; Drége, Zwei Pfl. Docum. 90; Harv.

Thes. Cap. ii. 62, t. 198; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 635.

V. sp., Welw. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 184. Dyerophytum africanum,

O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 394,

Western ReGion : Little Namaqualand; between Buffels (Koussies) River

and Silverfontein, 2000 ft., Drége! near Spektakel, 800 ft., Bolws, 685! and

without precise locality, Wyley !

CenTRat REGION: Calvinia Diy.; between Lospers Flats and Springbok

Kuil River, Zeyher, 1481!

Also in Angola and Hereroland,

OrperR LXXXI, PRIMULACEA.

(By W. H. Harvey, with additions by C. H. Wricut.)

Flowers hermaphrodite, usually regular. Calyx inferior or half-

superior, 5-fid or 5-partite. Corolla rotate, campanulate or salver-

shaped, 5-lobed. Stamens 5, inserted in the eorolla-tube and

opposite the lobes, often alternating with staminodes; filaments

filiform or subulate, short ; anthers 2-celled, dehiscing longitudinally.

Ovary superior or half-inferior, 1-celled, with a free-basal placenta ;

style terminal; stigma undivided; ovules numerous, semi-ana-

tropous. Capsule circumscissile or bursting by valves. Seeds

impressed in the placenta; embryo straight, terete; endosperm

fleshy or horny.

Herbs usually perennial, rarely suffrutescent; leaves radical, opposite or

alternate ; flowers solitary and axillary, or in umbels, racemes or panicles.

Distris. Genera 22; species about 300, in temperate regicns of the Northern

Hemisphere, rare in the Southern or in the tropics,

Lysimachia,] PRIMULACE® (Harvey). 427

I. Lysimachia.--Ovary superior. Stamens glabrous, without staminodes.

Capsule 5-10-valved.

II. Anagallis.—Ovary superior. Stamens hairy, without staminodes. Capsule

circumscissile.

III. Samolus.—Ovary half-inferior. Stamens alternating with staminodes,

Capsule 5-valved,

I. LYSIMACHIA, Linn.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla deeply 5-partite, subrotate or campanu-

late, longer than the calyx; tube very short. Stamens 5, on the

base of the corolla ; filaments sometimes connate at the base ; some-

times with as many intermediate sterile filaments. Capsule globose,

opening by 5-10 valves at the apex, many-seeded, free. DC. Prodr,

vill, 60.

A large European, Asiatic and American genus of herbaceous, mostly perennial,

plants ; leaves alternate, opposite or whorled, entire; flowers either axillary,

racemose, spiked or panicled, yellow or purple. Name derived from aAvois

(loosening), waxy (strife), referring to the supposed property of soothing pain,

Stamens exserted oe age Ae eee es .. (1) nutans,

Stamens included ;

Corolla 4 lin. long ee oF ae ws ... (2) Woodii.

Corolla 2 lin, long oo ya es aes ... (8) parviflora.

1. L. nutans (Nees, Del. Sem. Hort. Bonn. 1831); stem erect,

subsimple; leaves opposite, alternate or in threes, lanceolate, acute

or acuminate, narrowed at the base, pale beneath, with subrevolute

roughish margins, glabrous ; flowers in a dense, afterwards lengthen-

ing, terminal raceme ; bracteoles linear-subulate, shorter than the

pedicels ; calyx much shorter than the corolla, with broadly linear,

obtuse lobes ; corolla tubular-bell-shaped ; lobes eroso-denticulate at

the apex ; stamens exserted ; style subulate. Duby in DC. Prodr.

vill. 61; Paw § Knuth in Engl. Pflanzenr, Primul. 294. LL. atro-

purpurea, Hook. Exot. Fl. t, 180, not of Linn, Lubinia atropurpurea,

Link & Otto, Ic. Pl. Sel. t. 27; Sweet, Brit, Fl. Gard. ser. 2, i,

t. 34. Cowia, Endl. Gen. ii. 733.

Coast Reeton : Uitenhage Diy. ; between Hoffmanns Kloof and Drie Fontein,

1000-2000 ft., Drége! Zuurberg Range, near Bontjes River, 2000 ft., Drége’

Albany Div. ; banks of streams near Grahamstown, Burke ! MacOwan, 137!

Glass in MacOwan, Herb, Austr.-Afr., 1497! near Assegai Bush, Burchell, 4158!

and without precise locality, Zeyher !

Centrat ReGion: Tarka Div.; bank of the Tarka River, Cooper, 336 !

Stem 1-2 ft. high, leafy throughout; leaves 2-23 in. long, 4-2 in. broad;

raceme oblong, somewhat nodding ; flowers dark purple, handsome.

2. L.Woodii (Schlechter ex Pax & Knuth in Engl. Pflanzenr.

Primul. 292) ; erect, quite glabrous, branched above ; leaves lanceolate

or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, alternate or opposite, about 3 in. long,

nearly 1 in. wide, sessile and sheathing at the base; racemes up to

8 in. long, dense above; pedicels erecto-patent, nearly 2 lin. long ;

calyx puberulous outside, divided nearly to the base, 1 in. long;

428 PRIMULACER (Harvey). [ Lystmachia.

corolla slightly longer than the calyx, dirty white ; lobes oblong,

obtuse, from as long as the tube to twice its length ; stamens shorter

than the corolla and adnate to the base of its lobes; eapsule globose,

about 2 lin. in diam., smooth, beaked by the persistent style.

HastERN Recion: Natal; in a damp valley near Van Reenens Pass, 5000-

6000 ft., Wood, 4522!

3. L. parviflora (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 196); a herb,

2—4 ft. high, branched above, entirely glabrous ; stem terete; leaves

usually alternate, sessile, broadly lanceolate, tapering to the base ;

racemes up to 6 in. long, at first dense at the top; bracteoles linear,

nearly as long as the flowers; pedicels 1 lin. long in flower, 2 lin.

long in fruit; calyx 12 lin. long; lobes oblong, 4 lin. wide, with

brown oblique glands in the upper part; corolla campanulate, 2 lin.

long; lobes obovate or nearly spathulate, longer than the tube;

stamens shorter than the corolla-lobes; anthers cordate, shortly

mucronate; ovary globose; capsule about 2 lin. in diam.; style

about 3+ lin. long in fruit. Pax & Knuth in Engl. Pflanzenr.

Primul. 291.

Kananart ReGion: Transvaal; Macmac, Mudd!

Also in Madagascar.

II. ANAGALLIS, Linn.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla rotate or campanulate, deciduous, longer

than the calyx, very deeply 5-partite; tube scarcely any ; lobes

oblong or lanceolate. Stamens 5, at the base of the corolla ; fila-

ments bearded. Capsule globose, membranous, eircumscissile. Seeds

numerous, sunk in the central placenta. DC. Prodr. viii. 69.

Small herbaceous or rarely suffruticose plants of the Eastern Hemisphere ;

leaves opposite or alternate, entire. Peduncles axillary, 1-flowered, Name,

from avaryeAaw, to laugh ; application obscure,

Leaves opposite :

Annual; leaves sessile ; flowers red or blue ... (1) arvensis.

Perennial ; leaves petiolate ; flowers white ... (2) Huttoni.

Leaves usually alternate, ovate or oblong, acute and

mucronate tse ceateon bi corns Seen AD DOS TOT

1. A. arvensis (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 148) ; annual ; stems diffuse,

branched ; branches elongate, decumbent, quadrangular, with narrow

wings ; leaves opposite or ternate, ovate, sessile, subacute, spreading ;

peduncles longer than the leaves; calyx-lobes lanceolate, acuminate,

keeled, nearly as long as the corolla; corolla crimson to pale rosy ;

lobes twice as long as the stamens, obovate, obtuse, denticulate,

usually glandular-ciliate at the apex. Ourt. Fl. Lond. t. 12; Plenck,

Ie. t. 82; Duby in DO. Prodr. viii. 69; Benth. Fl. Austral. iv. 270 ;

Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. iii. 490 ; Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 506; Paw

§& Knuth in Engl. Pflanzenr. Primul, 322, A. pulchella, Salish.

Anagallis. | PRIMULACE& (Harvey). 429

Prodr. 120. A. phenicea, Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2, i. 139. A.

arabica, Duby in DC. Prodr. viii. 69. A. sp., Drege, Zwei Pf.

Documente, 87, 105.

Var. B, corulea (Gren. & Godr. Fl. France, ii. 467); corolla blue; lobes

slightly ciliate at the apex, but not glandular. Paw § Knuth, lc. 323. A.

cerulea, Schreb. Spicil. Fl. Lips. 5. A. capensis, E. Meyer in Drege, l.c. 98,

not of Linn. A. indica, Sweet, Fl. Gard, t. 182.

Sourn AFRICA: without locality, var. 8: Pappe! Miller! Thom! Harvey,

224! 432!

Coast Rr@ion: Cape Div.; Table Mountain and Devils Mountain, Drége,

8015a! Green Point, MacGillivray, 575! Paarl Div. ; Simons Bay, Wright !

near Simons Town, Milne, 155! Paarl Mountain, Drége, 8015b! Riversdale

Div.; near Great Valsch River, Burchell, 6552 ! road-side, Garcias Pass, 1000 ft.,

Galpin, 4315! Var. B: Cape Div.; Devils Peak, Wilms, 3538! Paarl Div.;

between Paarl-and Lady Gray Railway Bridge, Drége!

KALAHARI REGION: Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1244!

Eastern Rearon: Var. 8: Griqualand Hast ; Shawbury, Baur, 199!

Cosmopolitan. Not. having seen specimens from the following localities, we

are unable to decide to which form they belong :—Cape Div. ; sand-flats between

Tygerberg and Blueberg, Drége; between Rondebosch and Hout Bay, Drége ;

Worcester Div. ; Hex River Kloof, 1000-2000 ft., Drége, 8015c.

2. A. Huttoni (Harv. in Proc. Dubl. Univ. Zool. & Bot. Assoc. *

141); perennial; stems decumbent or creeping (rarely “ erect,”

Gerrard), simple or branched, 4-angled; leaves roundish-ovate or

subrotund, petioled, spreading, opposite or in threes; peduncle

longer than the leaf; calyx-lobes lanceolate, acuminate, keeled,

shorter than the corolla ; corolla rotate, its lobes subacute or obtuse ;

filaments broadly subulate, pilose. hes. Cap. i. 3, t. 4.

Var. 8, nummularia (Harv.); stem suberect ; leaves subsessile, subcoriaceous,

broader and blunter ; corolla-lobes very obtuse.

Coast Region: Uniondale Div.; Long Kloof, at Aapies River, Burchell,

4949! Albany Div. ; Howisons Poort, Hutton! near Grahamstown, MacOwan,

1027! and Herb. Austr.-Afr., 1632! ;

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; Lydenburg’ district, near O’Neill’s Farm,

Wilms, 1243!

Eastern Ree@ion: Griqualand East; banks of streams on Mount Currie,

6500 ft., Tyson, 1859! Natal; near Maritzburg, 2500 ft., Stainbank in Herb.

Wood, 3570! Var. 8: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker / Zululand, Gerrard

¥ M‘Ken, 2099! -

Stems 1-2 ft. long, creeping in damp places, where water lodges, or near

springs, nearly always in blossom. Leaf-pairs subdistant; leaves 4-5 lines long

and as broad or broader, membranous and veiny. Flowers white. Var. B,

which at first I was disposed to regard as a species, is a stronger growing plant,

more erect, with more opaque and tougher, broader and less distinctly petioled

leaves, and broader and blunter corolla-lobes.— W. H. H.

3. A. pumila, var. natalensis (Knuth ex Pax & Knuth in Engl.

Pflanzeur. Primul. 832); a branched herb ; stem decumbent and root-

ing at the base ; branches slender, about 6 in. long ; leaves alternate or

the lower opposite, sessile or nearly so, ovate, shortly cuspidate ;

pedicels patent, longer than the leaves, filiform ; calyx 5—6-partite ;

430 PRIMULACEZ (Harvey). | Anagallis.

lobes linear-lanceolate, acuminate, about 1 lin. long; corolla nearly

twice as long as the calyx, deeply lobed, white ; lobes lanceolate,

obtuse ; stamens about 1+ lin. long; style 1 lin. long, filiform.

EASTERN Re@ion: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 1609! Palmiet River, Umgena,

Gerrard, 741! near the sea, Umtwalumi, Gerrard §~ McKen, and without

precise locality, Sanderson, 685 !

II. SAMOLUS, Linn.

Calyx half-superior, 5-fid. Corolla perigynous, salver- or bell-

shaped, deciduous; limb 5-partite, with 5 narrow scales (abortive

stamens ?) rising from the mouth of the tube and alternating with

the corolla-lobes and stamens. Stamens 5, on the corolla-tube ;

anthers basifixed. Ovary half-inferior, many-seeded ; style filiform.

Capsule opening above by 5 valves. DC. Prodr, viii. 72.

Herbs of both hemispheres, growing in marshy places, generally near the sea.

Radical leaves petioled, cauline alternate, diminishing upwards or reduced to

scales. Flowers racemose or panicled. Name, derivation obscure.

Softly herbaceous ; stems subsimple, leafy ; pedicels naked

at the base, with a bracteole in the middle oat ... (1) Valerandi.

Rigid; stem much-branched ; branches erect, rod-like,

rough; upper leaves subulate; pedicels without a

medial bracteole (2) porosus.

1. §. Valerandi (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i, 171); radical leaves

numerous, oval or obovate, obtuse, tapering at the base into long

petioles ; stem erect, simple or paniculately branched, terete, fistular ;

cauline leaves diminishing upwards, obovate, subsessile; flowers

racemose or panicled; pedicels (often knee-bent) bearing a small

narrow lanceolate bracteole in the middle; ealyx half as long as the

corolla, its lobes triangular, subacute; stamens included ; scales

subulate, as long as the stamens; valves of capsule not reflexed.

Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 176; Duby in DC. Prodr. viii. 73;

Pax § Knuth in Engl. Pflanzen’. Primul. 337.

Soutu AFRica: without locality, Wallich !

Coast Region: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, Ecklon, 25! Cape Flats near

Doornhoogte, Wolley Dod, 679! King Williamstown Div.; near Kei Road,

2000 ft., Schlechter, 6131! Uitenhage Div.; near the Lead-mine, Burchell,

4489! Port Elizabeth Div. ; sand-hills near Port Elizabeth, Drége !

CrentTRAL RecGion: Somerset Div. ; Somerset East, Miss Bowker! Albert

Div., Cooper, 1779!

KaranarRi ReGion: Griqualand West; Lower Campbell, Burchell, 1794!

Griqua Town, Burchell, 1873 ! Orange River Colony, Cooper, 2822! Bechuana-

land; near the sources of the Kuruman River, Burchell, 2511!

EastExN REGION: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 314! 465! Mount Hdgecombe,

Wood, 1100! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 164!

Found in most parts of the world in wet spongy ground. Stems 1-2 ft. high,

the upper half occupied by the long simple or branched raceme. Leaves bright

green and glossy, soft to the touch, the radical ones, including the petiole, 2-4 in.

long, ?-14 in. wide. :

Samolus. | MyRSINE@ (Harvey). . 431

2. S. porosus (Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 32); stems, from a

horizontal rhizome, erect, much-branched, rigid ; branches very erect,

rough with little raised dots; radical leaves few, obovate-spathulate,

obtuse or subtruncate, tapering into a winged petiole; rameal leaves

small, diminishing upwards, passing from linear to subulate, sessile ;

flowers racemose ; pedicels from the axils of depauperated subulate

leaves, ebracteolate;. calyx half .as long as the corolla, its lobes

lanceolate, acuminate. Pax & Knuth in Engl. Pflanzenr. Primul.

342. S. africanus, Burm. f. Prodr. Cap. 5% 8S. Valerandi, var.

africanus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1,172. 8S. campanuloides, R. Br. ex

Duby in DC. Prodr. viii. 73. Campanula porosa, Thunb. Prodr.

39.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Pappe! Thom, 816! Harvey, 217! Arm-

strong!

Coast RreGion: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Ebenezar, Drege! Cape Div.; Lion

Mountain, Ecklon, 26! Chapman Bay, Wolley Dod, 1668! Raapenberg Viey,

Wolley Dod, 322! Riversdale Div. ; by the Zoetemelks River, Burchell, 6610!

Mossel Bay Div.; between Duyker River and Gauritz River, Burchell, 6392!

George Div. ; in a wood by the west bank of Kaymans River, Burchell, 5808 !

Uitenhage Div.; near Enon, Baur! Zeyher, 665! Port Elizabeth Div.; Port

Elizabeth, Burchell, 4373! Drége! Bathurst Div.; at Kaffir Drift Military

Post, Burchell, 3762! near Barville Park, Burchell, 4141! British Kaffraria,

Cooper, 63!

CENTRAL ReEGIon: Somerset Div. ; Somerset Hast, Bowker!

Eastern RuGion: Pondoland; near the mouth of Umtentu River, Drége !

Natal; Durban, Wood, 1940! and in MacOwan, Herb, Austr.-Afr., 1498! Plant,

38!

Stems 1-2 ft. high or more, rigid and broom-like, naked except for the

scattered subulate leaf-scales, Racemes ending the cord-like branches, 4-6 in.

long, many-flowered. Corolla white, 3-4 lines long.

The reference usually given for S. campanuloides is ‘‘R. Br. Prodr. 429

(1810)”’, but such a name does not occur amongst the species enumerated in that

place.—C,. H. W.

OrpER LXXXII. MYRSINEZ.

(By W. H. Harvey, with additions by C, H. Wricur.)

Flowers regular, hermaphrodite or dicecious. Calyx inferior or in

Masa slightly adnate at its base to the ovary, 4—6-fid or -partite ;

lobes usually ciliate, valvate, contorted or imbricate, usually per-

sistent. Corolla usually rotate, sometimes with 4~6 free petals, at

others 4—6-lobed ; lobes contorted or imbricate, rarely valvate.

Stamens as many as the corolla-lobes and opposite them ; filaments

usually short, adnate to the disk or corolla-tube ; anthers dorsifixed

near the base, dehiscing longitudinally, rarely by pores, sometimes

divided into superposed cells; staminodes 0 or one opposite each

sinus of the corolla, rarely also opposite its lobes. Ovary superior or

in Mesa slightly adnate to the calyx, 1-celled ; placenta free-central,

often globose ; style short or long ; stigma simple, rarely obscurely

432 mMYRSINc# (Harvey). [| Mzsa.

lobed ; ovules few or many. fruit usually small; epicarp fleshy ;

endocarp crustaceous, Seed usually solitary, globose; testa thin ;

albumen fleshy or horny, uniform or ruminate; embryo cylindrical,

more or less curved.

Trees, shrubs or undershrubs, usually glabrous; leaves alternate, very rarely

opposite, sometimes nearly verticillate, entire or toothed, often bearing trans-

lucent round or elongated resinous glands, exstipulate ; inflorescence cymose,

umbellate, fascicled, racemose or panicled; flowers usually small, often glandular,

usually white or rosy.

Distris. About 600 species, chiefly in the tropics of both hemispheres, some

extending into the south and a few into the north extra-tropical regions.

I. Mesa.—Ovary inferior or half-inferior. Seeds many. Petals united.

Il. Embelia.—Ovary superior. Seeds solitary. Pe/als free.

Ill. Myrsine.—Ovary superior. Seeds solitary. Peta/s unite.

I. MZESA, Forsk.

Calyx bibracteolate at the base, its tube adherent to the ovary,

limb 5-lobed, the lobes quincuncial in estivation, 2 outer overlap-

ping 3inner. Corolla 5-fid, subcampanulate, the lobes obtuse with

inflexed apices. Stamens 5, ineluded, free, Ovary inferior or half-

inferior, with a basilar placenta; style short; stigma capitate ;

ovules numerous. Berry covered by the calyx, ovoid. DC. Prodr.

vill. 77,

African or Asiatic trees and shrubs ; leaves alternate, penninerved and netted-

veined, sometimes pellucid dotted; racemes or panicles axillary or terminal,

many-flowered ; flowers small, white. Name, maas, the Arabic name of one of

the species. /

Young branches tomentose; leaves elliptic, acute or

acuminate, coarsely toothed; panicles much-branched (1) rufescens.

Young branches puberulous; leaves cuneate-obovate,

crenato-dentate beyond the middle; racemes simple

or subsimple ie is ee ae see es

Young branches glabrous; leaves elliptic or oblong- ;

elliptic, irregularly serrate ; panicles branched ... (3) angolensis.

(2) alnifolia.

1. M. rufescens (A.DC. in DC. Prodr. viii. 81); branches

entirely or only at the apex rusty-tomentose ; leaves elliptic, acute

or shortly acuminate, coarsely serrate rarely entire, up to 3 in. long

and 11 in, wide, glabrous or pubescent beneath; petiole up to 1 in.

long ; panicle many-flowered, shorter than the leaves, rhachis and

branches covered with patent hairs; pedicels less than a line long ;

sepals 1 lin. long, triangular, acute, ciliate ; corolla about 1 lin. long,

ciliate ; stamens slightly exserted; style about as long as the ovary ;

stigma obtuse. Mez in Engl. Pflanzenr. Myrsinacew, 25. .

palustris, Hochst. in Flora, 1844, 825. Beobotrys rufescens, E.

Meyer ex A.DO. lc. Choristylis rhamnoides, Harv. in Harv. §

Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 808 partly.

KALAHARI ReGion: Transvaal; Hoatbosch, Rehmann, 6012!

Mesa. | MYRSINE® (Harvey). 433

EasteERN Reaion: Natal; near Durban, Gueinzius ! Krauss, 152! Nelson,

9! Inanda, Wood, 1117! Maritzburg, 3500 ft., Schlechter, 6754! between

Pietermaritzburg and Greytown, Wilms, 1918! and without precise locality,

Gerrard, 417! Cooper, 1209! Wilms, 1803!

2. M. alnifolia (Harv. Thes. ii. 20, t. 129); twigs and petioles

rufo-puberulous; leaves cuneate-obovate, subtruncate, rarely acute,

penninerved, beyond the middle crenato-dentate, glabrous, very

minutely puberulous beneath ; racemes axillary, puberulous, simple

or slightly branched; flowers polygamo-dicecious; bracts much

shorter than the pedicels, deciduous ; calyx-lobes ‘ovate, downy ;

corolla of the male twice as long as the calyx. Mez in Engl.

Pflanzen. Myrsinacee, 23, fig. 1.

Coast RxrGIon: Stockenstrom Div.; in woods on the Elandsberg Moun-

tains, 4000 ft., Scully in MacOwan §° Bolus, Herb, Norm. Austy.-Afr., 757!

Komgha Diy. ; Gonubie River, 2000 ft., Schlechter, 6151! British Kaffraria,

Cooper, 291! 423!

EASTERN Recion: Transkei Div.; Kreilis Country, Bowker, 233! Natal;

near Durban, Sanderson, 463! Umcomaas, Gerrard, 1401! Umazinyati, 1200 ft.,

Wood, 1400! and without precise locality, Sanderson, 314!

A large shrub or small tree; leaves on }-1 in. long petioles, 1-1} in. long,

1 in. wide, mostly of the shape represented in the figure above quoted, but

sometimes they are more extensively serrated and even acute, the form changing

to obovate-lanceolate.

3. M. angolensis (Gilg in Notizbl. Kénigl. Bot. Gart. Berlin, i.

72); branches glabrous; leaves elliptic or oblong-elliptic, shortly

acuminate, acute at the base, about 33 in. long, 11 in. wide,

irregularly serrate; petiole about 1 in. long; flowers in axillary

panicles up to 3 in. long; pedicels very short ; bracteoles subulate ;

calyx divided nearly to the base ; segments ovate, subacute; corolla

white ; lobes ovate, acute; stamens slightly exserted; ovary glab-

rous; style short; stigma subdiscoid. Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl.

Welw. i. 637 ; Mez in Engl. Pflanzenr. Myrsinacex, 26.

Eastern Rea@ion: Natal, Cooper, 1209!

Also in Tropical Africa,

Il. EMBELIA, Burm.

Calyz 5-partite, 5-fid or 5-toothed ; lobes twisted in bud. Petals

5, spreading or reflexed, imbricate. Stamens 5; filaments attached

to the base of the petal, filiform above; anthers ovoid, much shorter

than the filament. Ovary ovoid or depressed, often minute; style

short ; stigma capitellate or simple ; ovules 4~1, on a minute basal

placenta. Drupe globose. DC. Prodr. viii. 83.

Shrubs or small trees, Asiatic and African; leaves alternate, mostly entire ;

flowers small, in racemes or panicles. Name, from the Cingalese name of one of

the species, ;

1. E. Kraussii (Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 17, t. 127); glabrous ; leaves

obovate-oblong, acute, quite entire, with reflexed edges, cuneate at

the base, shortly petiolate ; racemes lateral, shorter than the leaf;

VOL, 1V.——SEOT. I, F f

434 MYRSINEH (Harvey). | Lmbelia.

calyx 5-toothed, its teeth broadly deltoid, acute ; petals oblong,

spreading, twice as long as the calyx. FE. ruminata, Mez in Engl.

Pflanzenr. Myrsin. 331. Myrsine? ruminata, FE. Meyer in Drege,

Zwei Pfl. Documente, 155, 159; DC. Prodr. viii. 104. Celastrus

oleoides, Lam. Il. ii. 93; Hochst. in Flora, 1844, 304.

Coast Reaion: Komgha Div. ; near Komgha, 2000 ft., Flanegan, 284!

Eastern Reaion: Pondoland; between Umtentu River and Umzimkulo

River, Drége. Natal; near Durban, Drége! Krauss, 407! Wood, 1850! Mount

Edgecombe, Wood, 1149! and without preeise locality, Gerrard, 292! Wood!

Cooper! :

Leaves 1-1} in. long, thin and membranous. Racemes from old leaf-scars,

4-3 in. long, 8-12-flowered, Ovary half sunk in a fleshy disk. Fruiting

specimens of Myrsine ? ruminata, EK. Meyer, agree in foliage with our E. Kraussit,

and come from Natal; the account of the inflorescence given by A. Decandolle

also agrees with our plant, and to my eye the two are identical.—W.H.H.

III. MYRSINE, Linn.

Flowers polygamo-dicecious. Calyx 4-5-partite. Corolla 4—5-

partite, usually imbricate. Stamens free, inserted on the base of

the corolla; anthers longer than the filaments. Ovary globose ;

style cylindrical, short, caducous; stigma capitate. Placenta

spherical ; ovules 4-5 round the apex of the placenta, peltate.

Drupe globose, with a erustaceous stone, 1-seeded. DC. Prodr. viii.

92.

Trees or shrubs of warm climates. Leaves alternate, rarely toothed. Flowers

small, in axillary tufts; calyx-lobes very small. Name, uvpown, myrrh, which

is not a product of these plants.

M.? racemosa, Steud. Nomencl. ed. 2, ii. 176 is Ocotea bullata, EK. Meyer

(Laurinea).

Leaves serrulate beyond the middle, elliptic. (A

bush) ... me on ae Te ‘ ee

Leaves quite entire. (Shrubs or trees) :

Leaves veinless beneath, narrow; drupes ellip-

(1) africana.

soid, acute ve Be a see ... (2) gilliana.

Leaves more or less veined beneath; drupes

globose :

Leaves 3-5 in. long, 1-1} in. wide, taper-

ing at the base into longish petioles ... (3) melanophleos.

Leaves 1-14 in. long, 4 in. wide, acute at

the base, on shortish petioles iad ... (4) Gerrardii.

1. M. africana (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 196); twigs slightly puberu-

lous; leaves glabrous, coriaceous, acute or obtuse, elliptic, acute at

the base, serrulate beyond the middle; tufts about 3-flowered ; ealyx-

and corolla-lobes ovate, acute, spotted, the corolla longer than the

calyx and shorter than the stamens. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes,

195; Drege, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 60, 115, 136; DC. Prodr. viii.

93; C. B. Cl. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 511; Mez in Engl.

Pflanzenr. Myrsin. 340. M,. retusa, Ait. Hort. Kew. i. 271 (with

blunt leaves); Jacg. Hort. Schenbr. iv. t. 424. M. africana, var.

retusa, A.DO, in Trans. Linn, Soc, xvii. 105. M. dioica, Aschers,

Myrsine.} MYRSINE& (Harvey). 435

§ Schweinf. in Verh. Berl. Ges. Erdk. xviii. (1891) 549. Buzxus

dioica, Forsk. Fl. Aigypt.-Arab. 159.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Pappe! Thom, 296! 497!

Coast Recion: Cape Div.; Devils Peak, Wolley Dod, 2513! Kloof between

the Lions Head and Table Mountain, Burchell, 246! Simons Bay, Wright!

Caledon Div.; Bavaans Kloof, Drége / Swellendam Div. ; Zuurbrauk Mountain,

600 ft., Galpin, 4316! Knysna Div.; Korata (Karratera) River, Drége !

Uitenhage Div.; + Zuurberg Range, Drege ! Albany Div.; mountains near

Grahamstown, Zeyher, 215! MacOwan, 55! Queenstown Div.; Shiloh, Baur,

873! Cathcart Div. ; between Windvogel Mountain and Zwart Kei River,

Drége ! and without precise locality, Cooper, 233! 234!

CENTRAL REGION: Somerset Div. ; Bosch Berg, MacOwzn, 55! Aberdeen

Div.; Candeboo Mountains, Drége! Middelburg Div.; near Middelburg,

Burchell, 2807 !

Katanari Reeion: Basuto Land, Cooper, 738! 2697! Traansvaal; Shilu-

vane, Junod, 1269! mountains north of Blauw Bank, Nelson, 265 !

Eastern REGION : Griqualand East ; at the foot of Mount Currie, 5000 ft.,

Tyson, 1901! Natal; Tugela River, Gerrard, 1776! 1776 bis! near Van Reenen,

Schlechter, 6999 !

A bush, 2-4 ft. high. Very variable in the size and somewhat in the shape of

the leaves. Commonly the leaves are about } in. long and 3 lines wide; some-

times half this size, and sometimes 1-14 in. long and % in, wide.

Also in Tropical Africa, and from Arabia to Central China.

2. M. gilliana (Sond. in Linnea, xxiii. 76); glabrous; leaves

narrow-oblong, tapering at the base into a short petiole, minutely

recurved at the apex, subemarginate, coriaceous, veinless, dotted

beneath, with subrecurved edges; tufts 3-5-flowered; pedicels

angular, glabrous, longer than the petioles; calyx-teeth obtuse,

ciliolate ; corolla-lobes ovate, acute, twice as long as the calyx and

longer than the anthers; drupe ellipsoid, acute. Rapanea gilliana,

Mez in Engl. Pflanzenr. Myrsin. 376,

Coast Reaion: Humansdorp Div.; Gamtoos River, Gill! Uitenhage Div. ;

sand-hills between the mouths of the Coega and Zwartkops Rivers, Zeyher, 554!

3371! Port Elizabeth Div.; downs near Cape Recife, Zeyher, 754! shore near

Port Elizabeth, Ecklon § Zeyher! by the Baakens River, Burchell, 4347 !

Well distinguished from M. melanophleos, R. Br., by its smaller leaves

(14-2 in. long, 4-6 lines wide), the absence of obvious veins, the shorter petiole

and the ovoid acute drupes,

3. M. melanophleos (R. Br. Prodr. 533); leaves oblong or oblong-

lanceolate, obtuse, coriaceous, quite entire, tapering at the base into

a longish petiole, finely penninerved and obscurely veined beneath,

with subrecurved edges ; bracts ovate, subciliate ; tufts 3—4-flowered ;

pedicels angular, glabrous, short ; calyx-teeth acute ; corolla twice

as long as the ealyx, as long as the anthers, its lobes lanceolate ;

drupe globose. DC. Prodr. viii. 97 ; Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 85,

87, 185 (melanophlea). M. Samara, Roem. § Schult, Syst. iv. 511,

M. venulosa, Spreng. Syst. i. 663. Sideroxylon melanophleos, Linn.

Mant. 48, excl. syn.; Jaeg. Hort. Vind. t. 71. Reemeria melano-

phlea, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 194. Rapanea melanophleos,

Mez in Engl. Pflanzenr. Myrsin. res |

a ee

436 MYRSINEZ (Harvey). [ Myrsine.

Sourn AFRicA: without locality, Villette !

Coast ReGion: Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountain, Drége! Caledon Div.; Klein

River Mountains, Zeyher, 3370! Uitenhage Div.; between Hoffmanns Kloof

and Driefontein, Drége/ Albany Div. ; between Riebeek Hast and Grahamstown,

Burchell, 3464! Houwisons Poort, Cooper, 2700! Kloof west of Grahamstown,

Burchell, 3575 !

CentRAL Reaion: Somerset Div.; on Bosch Berg, Burchell, 3190 !

Eastern Recion: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 588! near Kettle Fontein, Cooper,

1221! Durban, Gueinzius! and without precise locality, Cooper, 2699 !

‘ A large shrub. Leaves 3-5 in. long, 1-1} in. broad; the petiole 4-? in.

ong. ;

4. M. Gerrardii (Harv.); glabrous; leaves rather small, oblong-

lanceolate, subobtuse, acute at the base and shortly petiolate, with

subrevolute margins, midribbed and faintly nerved beneath; flowers

not seen ; pedicels about equalling the petiole ; drupe globose, with

thin flesh, dry.

' Eastern Reo@ion: Zululand; Ingoma, Gerrard, 1157 !

“A tree 12-15 ft. high” (Gerrard). Leaves usually 1-14 in. long, rarely

2 in., 4 in. wide, drying light green. Drupes as large as peppercorns.

OrvEr LXXXIII. SAPOTACEZ.

(By W. H. Harvey, with additions by C. H. WricuHt.)

Flowers hermaphrodite, regular. Calyx 4—8-partite. Corolla 4-8-

lobed ; lobes imbricate, sometimes in two series. Stamens inserted

on the corolla, as many as the corolla-lobes and opposite them, or

more numerous and 2-seriate, sometimes with alternating staminodes ;

anthers usually extrorse, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary many-

eelled ; style conieal or cylindrical; stigma acute or capitellate ;

ovules solitary, ascending. Fruita 1-or many-celled berry. Seeds

with a hard testa; hilum often large; albumen none or scanty ;

cotyledons foliaceous.

Trees or shrubs, with milky juice; leaves alternate, entire, exstipulate ;

flowers axillary.

Disrriz. Genera 18, species about 400, throughout the tropics and a little

way outside.

I. Chrysophyllum.—Calyz-lobes 5 (rarely 6-7), not distinctly 2-seriate. Stamens

as many as the corolla-lobes; staminodes 0.

Il. Sideroxylon.—Calyzx-lobes 5 (rarely 6), not distinctly 2-seriate. Stamens

as many as the corolla-lobes, alternating with as many staminodes. :

III. Mimusops. —Calyxz-lobes 6 or 8 in two series. Stamens 6 or 8, alternating

with as many staminodes,

I. CHRYSOPHYLLUM, Linn.

Calyx 5- (rarely 6-) partite; lobes obtuse, pubescent, imbricate,

3 inside 2. Corolla tubular or campanulate-rotate, 5- (rarely 6—7-)

lobed; lobes imbricate. Stamens as many as the corolla-lobes and

opposite them, inserted on the tube; sterile none ; anthers included,

Chrysophyllum.] SAPOTACE (Harvey). 437

about equalling the filaments. Ovary 5-9-celled, hairy ; style mostly

shorter than the ovary; stigma obtuse, rarely acute ; ovules solitary,

ascending. Berry few- or 1-celled, few- or l-seeded. DC. Prodr.

viii. 156.

Trees or shrubs, chiefly tropical. Leaves entire, alternate, often beautifully

silky beneath and transversely multistriate. Pedicels axillary, in tufts; or

flowers sessile. Flowers white or yellow, small. Name from xpvoos, gold, and

pvadov, a leaf, from the silky and gold-coloured leaves of many species.

Leaves oblong-lanceolate, obtusely acuminate,

acute at the base; flowers sessile ade ... (1) natalense.

Leaves oblong, obtuse, obtuse at the base;

flowers pedicellate te ase get e

Leaves oblong, obtuse, mucronulate, acute at the

base ; flowers shortly pedicellate ae ... (3) Wilmsii.

(2) magalismontanum.

1. C. natalense (Sond. in Linnza, xxiii. 72); branches glabrous ;

leaves petiolate, oblong-lanceolate, shortly and obtusely acuminate,

mucronulate, narrowed at the base, subundulate, quite entire, with

subreflexed edges, shining above, pale beneath; the young leaves

and twigs rufo-tomentose ; flowers axillary, solitary or 3-4 together ;

calyx ferruginous, its lobes ovate, acute; corolla glabrous, 5-fid;

anthers apiculate ; ovary 5-celled.

EASTERN REGION: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 732! Umgeni, Gerrard, 1459!

near Durban, Gueinzius! Fields Hill, Sanderson, 657! near Krautz Kop,

McKen, 14!

‘* A low tree” (Gerrard). Leaves several at the ends of the twigs, 4-5 in.

long, 1-13 in. wide ; petiole 4-6 lin, long; the under-surface clothed with very

minute deciduous pale tomentum. Corolla a little longer than the calyx, tubular,

5-fid, with erect lobes. Stamens inserted in the throat, on very short filaments,

opposite the corolla-lobes. Ovary rather depressed ; style longer than it.

2. C. magalismontanum (Sond. in Linnea, xxiii. 72); twigs

minutely rufo-tomentose ; leaves petiolate, oblong, obtuse, emar-

ginate, coriaceous, with subreflexed edges, the young leaves fulvous,

the adult green and shining above, rufo-tomentulose beneath ;

flowers axillary, aggregate, pedicellate, the pedicel as long as the

calyx ; calyx rufous without, pale within, its lobes subacute ; corolla

rotate, glabrous ; anthers acute ; ovary silky, 5-celled; fruit berried,

obeordate, 2-celled, 2-seeded.

Katanart Region: Transvaal; on the lower hill slopes, Barberton,

Jobannesburg and Pretoria, Galpin, 223! 485! Johannesburg, Adlam, 1!

Magalies Berg, Burke, 377! Zeyher, 1849! Nylstroom, Burtt-Davy, 2364!

Pretoria, Rehmann, 4270! McLea in Herb. Bolus, 3089! Langlaagte, Cloete in

Herb. MacOwan, 2981!

Branches terete, grey. Leaves 3-4 in. long, 1}-2 in. wide, obtuse at the base,

midnerved, with numerous parallel striz ; petiole 6-8 lin. long, rufous. Fruit

8-9 lin. long, 10-12 lin. wide.

3. C. Wilmsii (Engl. Sapot. Afr. 46, t. 16, fig. B); a tree;

branches short, rather densely leafy, when young densely rusty-

tomentose like the under-surface of the leaves ; stipules narrowly

438 SAPOTACER (Harvey). [ Chrysophyllum.

subulate ; leaves often deflexed, coriaceous, oblong, obtuse, mucronu-

late, much narrowed to the base, about 4 in. long and 1 in. wide;

petiole about 6 lin. long, semiterete, rather thick; lateral nerves

many, slender, slightly or not tomentose beneath when old,

slightly prominent beneath ; flowers many, glomerate; pedicels

scarcely as long as the calyx; sepals ovate, densely rusty-pilose ;

corolla-tube very short ; lobes ovate; filaments half as long as the

cordate-sagittate apiculate anthers; ovary densely pilose, tapering

into a broadly conical style of equal length.

Eastern ReGion: Transvaal ; Lydenburg, Wilms, 1812!

Il. SIDEROXYLON, Linn.

Calyx 5-partite, the lobes imbricate. Corolla semi-5-fid or 5-

partite, the lobes mostly spreading, imbricate. Stamens inserted on

the corolla-tube ; 5 sterile, petaloid, alternating with the lobes; 5

fertile opposite the lobes ; anthers ovate, shorter than the filaments.

Ovary hairy, 4—5-celled ; style rather longer than the ovary. Berry

ovoid or globose, 3-1-seeded. DC. Prodr. viii. 177.

Trees or shrubs, chiefly tropical, with milky juice. Wood hard; branches

mostly unarmed. Leaves alternate, entire, often nerved. Pedicels in axillary

tufts. Flowers white. Name from o.dnpos, iron, and Evaor, wood.

Leaves elliptic or linear-oblong 3 ah pe ... (1) inerme.

Leaves oblong-oblanceolate ... vow one (2) nt.

1. §. inerme (Linn. Hort. Cliff. 69); leaves elliptic, obtuse,

acute or subacute at the base, glabrous, coriaceous, entire, with sub-

reflexed edges, finely but faintly netted-veined beneath; pedicels

many in each tuft, mostly shorter than the petiole ; corolla twice as

long as the calyx, deeply 5-fid ; sterile stamens oblong, subincised.

Sp. Pl. ed. i, 192; Drege, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 144, 153; DC.

Prodr. viii. 182; Engl. Sapot. Afr. 27. §. cinereum, Lam. Encyel.

i. 244, partly. Heeria inermis, Meissn. Pl. Vase. Gen. ii. 59.

Remeria inermis, Thunb. Nov. Gen. ix. 131.

Var. 8, Schlechteri (Engl. Sapot. Afr. 27); leaves linear-oblong, up to

nearly 4 in, long and 1} in. wide; petiole 7 lin. long.

Coast Recion: Cape Div.; Camps Bay, Burchell, 367! 841! Caledon

Div. ; Onrust River, Schlechter, 10396! George Div.; between Malgaten River

and Great Brak River, Burchell, 6180! Knysna Div. ; near the west end of

Groene Valley, Burchell, 5640! Uitenhage Div. ; at Uitenhage, Burchell, 4409!

Zeyher! near Enon, Drége! Albany Div. ; Zwartwater Poort, Burchell, 3406!

Grahamstown, Atherstone, 498! Scott-Elliot, 859! Fish River Heights, Hutton!

Theefontein, near Reibeek East, MacOwan, 2646; Stockenstrom Div, ; near

Gaikas Kop, Baur, 872! Komgha Div.; banks of the Kei River, Drege.

British Kaffraria, Cooper, 28 !

‘i KALAHARI REGION: Transvaal; near Pretoria, McLea in Herb. Bolus,

698 !

Eastern REGION: Transkei; between Gekau (Geua) River and Bashee River,

Drége! Pondoland ; near the mouth of the Umtsikaba River, Drége, and with-

out precise locality, Bachmann, 428, 1749, Natal; Umvoti River District,

Gerrard, 1189! Durban, Plant, 12! Delagoa Bay, Forbes! Var. 8: Delagoa

Bay ; Lorenzo Marques, Schlechter, 11700!

Sideroxylon. | SAPOTACE (Harvey). 439

2. S. Randii (S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1903, 402); a shrub ;

branches subterete, densely leafy, at first reddish-tomentose, at

length shortly pubescent ; leaves oblong-oblanceolate, obtuse, slightly

retuse or rarely with a black apiculus, 11-21 in. long, 3-1 in. .

wide, at first greyish pubescent above, soon glabrous and pale

green, reddish-tomentose below; midrib impressed above, promi-

nent beneath; secondary veins about 30, inconspicuous above ;

petiole about 2 lin. long, stout, channelled above, shortly pubescent ;

stipules linear-subulate, usually curved, pubescent ; flowers axillary,

solitary or few ; peduncles longer than the flowers, rusty-tomentose ;

calyx-lobes 5, free, broadly ovate, obtuse, rusty-tomentose outside,

finely grey-pubescent within ; corolla-lobes 5, ovate, a little longer

than the tube ; stamens subincluded, inserted at the very base of

the lobes; anthers longer than the filaments, mucronulate; stami-

nodes broadly ovate, much shorter than the stamens ; ovary ovoid,

4-celled, densely rusty-villous; style a little shorter than the ovary ;

stigma simple.

Katanari Reeion: Transvaal; Johannesburg, northern escarpment of Wit-

watersrand series, Rand, 1017!

III. MIMUSOPS, Linn.

Calyx 6-8-partite ; lobes biseriate. Corolla 18-24-partite, with a

short tube ; segments thrice as many as the calyx-lobes, biseriate ;

the outer row consisting of 12-16 linear spreading lobes, 2 opposite

each calyx-lobe; the inner (appendages of Engler) of 6-8, strictly

opposite the calycine lobes, linear, erect. Stamens on the corolla-

tube; the fertile as many as the calyx-lobes, opposite the inner

corolla-lobes ; anthers lanceolate-sagittate, longer than the filament 4

the sterile alternating with the fertile, ovate, acute, toothed, hairy

at the back, sometimes 2-lobed or 2-partite. Ovary hairy, with 6-8

cells, Berry 1—2-celled, 1-2-seeded. DC. Prodr. viii. 201.

Trees or shrubs, chiefly tropical, with milky juice. Leaves alternate, entire,

mostly coriaceous and shining. Pedicels axillary, mostly in tufts. Flowers often

fragrant, white. Name from pimw, an ape, and ois, resemblance ; not very

appropriate.

Flowers 3-merous :

Staminodes none ns 4a ui Ses ... (1) discolor.

Staminodes present... ive se ae ... (2) natalensis.

Flowers 4-merous :

Leaves scattered te iM ae ae (3) Woodii,

Leaves collected at the ends of the branchlets :

Twigs, petioles and under-side of leaves ad-

pressedly pubescent ; leaves obovate ... (4) caffra.

Twigs rufo-tomentulose ; leaves long-petioled, 4

oblong-lanceolate, glabrous .. (5) Zeyheri.

Twigs, petioles and under-side of leaves quite

glabrous : :

Leaves laxly veined or coarsely net-veined :

Fruit as large as a hen’s egg; leaves :

4 in. long, 2 in. wide rcs ... (6) marginata.

Fruit not an inch long :

Leaves obovate or obovate-oblong (7) obovata.

440 sAPOTACE® (Harvey). [Mimusops.

Leaves linear-lanceolate ... ... (8) oleifolia.

Leaves minutely and closely netted or

tessellated :

Leaves cuneate-oblanceolate ... ... (9) dispar.

Leaves oblong-elliptic ne ... (10) Schinzii,

Leaves oblong or elliptic ... ... (11) concolor.

1. M. discolor (Hartog in Journ. Bot. 1879, 358) ; a large tree;

branches terete, ashy-grey, glabrous, marked with the scars of old

leaves ; leaves approximate at the ends of the branches, obovate-

oblong, recurved-emarginate at the apex, 23 in. long, about 1 in.

wide, green above, silvery beneath, midrib prominent beneath,

margins slightly recurved; petiole about 3 in. long ; flowers in

axillary fascicles of about 3 each ; pedicels shorter than the petioles ;

flower-buds ovoid, puberulous ; outer sepals ovate, obtuse ; corolla-

tube short; outer-lobes spathulate, inner sublinear; stamens 12 ;

anthers ovoid, apiculate; ovary silky. Bazll. Hist. Pl. xi. 269;

Hingl. Sapot. Afr. 55, t. 34, fig. A. Eichleria discolor, Hartog in

Journ. Bot. 1878, 72. Muriea discolor, Hartog, l.c. 145. Labour-

donnaisia discolor, Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 73. L. sericea, Benth.

& Hook. f. Gen. Pl, ii. 660.

Eastern Reeion: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 1349! Tugela, Berea and Durban,

Gerrard, 1661! near Durban, Gueinzius!

2. M. natalensis (Engl. Sapot. Afr. 65, t. 25, fig. B) ; a much-

branched tree; branchlets short, shortly ashy-pilose, soon glabrous,

rather densely leafy towards the apex; leaves oblong or oblong-

spathulate, about 21 in. long and 1 in. wide, coriaceous, adpressed

silky-pilose beneath ; petiole 1-1 the length of the blade, channelled

above ; lateral nerves about 12 each side, patent, joined near the

margin with the very slender secondary nerves; pedicels in axillary

fascicles of 4-5, about half as long again as the ovoid buds; flowers

3-merous; calyx rusty-pilose; lobes oblong-ovate; corolla-tube

nearly half as long as the oblong outer segments, inner segments

minute or none; staminodes in the female flowers epipetalous and

episepalous, subulate, half as long as the corolla-segments; ovary

subglobose, very shortly pilose, contracted into a style twice its

length ; ovules fixed to the middle of the cell. Mahea natalensis,

Pierre, Notes Bot. Sapot. 10.

EASTERN Reeion: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 610! 1134!

3. M. Woodii (Engl. Sapot. Afr. 65, t. 26, fig. A); branchlets

very slender, sparingly leafy; leaves obovate-lanceolate, rather

obtusely acuminate, acute at the base, subcoriaceous, shining on both

surfaces ; petiole slender, 5-6 times shorter than the blade; lateral

nerves many, patent; reticulations prominent beneath; pedicels

axillary, solitary, slender, about } as long as the leaves; calyx

shortly rusty-pilose, divided nearly to the base ; lobes long triangular,

very acute ; corolla-tube short ; outer lobes lanceolate, acute, a little

longer than the similar inner; filaments 1—! as long as the long

Mimusops.| SAPOTACEZ (Harvey). 441

sagittate anthers ; staminodes long triangular, a little shorter than

the stamens ; ovary ovoid, shortly pilose ; style slender, three times

as long as the ovary.

Eastern ReGion: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 683!

4. M. caffra (E. Meyer ex A.DC. Prodr. viii. 203); twigs,

petioles and under-surface of leaves clothed with minute adpressed

pubescence ; leaves obovate, cuneate at the base, coriaceous, with

revolute edges ; axils 2—3-flowered ; pedicels recurved, rufo-tomen-

tose, 2-3 times as long as the petiole ; calyx-lobes lanceolate, acumi-

nate, the 4 outer rufo-tomentose on the outside, the 4 inner narrower,

with whitish tomentum ; outer corolla-lobes equalling the calyx,

inner rather longer. Drege, Zwei Pl. Documente, 155; Wood,

Natal Plants, i. 36, t. 43; Engl. Sapot. Afr. 72, t. 27, fig. B.

Coast Recion: Bathurst Div.; near Port Alfred, Burchell, 3805! at the

mouth of the Great Fish River, Burchell, 3761! Kleinmund River, Mac-

Owan, 393! King Williamstown Div.; Keiskamma, Hutton /

EastERN Reoion: Pondoland; between Umtentu River and Umzimkula

River, Drege! Natal; near Durban, Krauss, 76! Peddie! Wood, 1215! and

without precise locality, Gerrard, 90! Cooper, 1243! Delagoa Bay, Forbes !

A large shrub or small tree. Leaves very leathery, 1-14 in. long, 3-1 in.

wide, pretty constantly obovate and retuse, without obvious veins beneath.

Pedicels nearly uncial, nedding. Drupe ovoid.

5. M. Zeyheri (Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 74); twigs and young

leaves rufo-tomentulose ; leaves on long petioles, oblong-lanceolate,

obtusely acuminate, acute at the base, glabrous, coriaceous, margined,

prominently midribbed and somewhat veined beneath ; axils 3- or

several-flowered ; pedicels abont equalling the petiole, recurved, as

well as the calyx rufo-tomentose ; calyx-lobes ovate, acuminate, the

inner narrower and paler; corolla as long as the calyx; drupe ellip-

soid ; seed ovate, compressed, produced at the base. Engl. Sapot.

Afr. 738.

KataAnarRi Reoaion: Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Zeyher, 1130! Burke, 72!

A large shrub or tree. Leaves 3-4 in. long, exclusive of a subuncial petiole,

1-1} in. broad. Drupe edible, sweetish, 1 in. long, quite smooth.

A variety occurs in Nyasaland.

6. M. marginata (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 108); a

large shrub; branches brown or ashy-grey, more or less corrugated,

glabrous ; leaves elliptie-lanceolate or cuneate-oblanceolate, shortly

and obtusely cuspidate or obtuse, acute at the base, fulvo-tomentose

when young, glabrous when adult, 2-5 in. long, 3-2} in. wide;

petiole 23-8 lin. long; flowers 6-16, umbellately arranged at the

apex of the branches; pedicels rusty-tomentose, 1-1} in. long ;

sepals 6-8, in two series, lanceolate, acuminate, 4—5 lin. long, 11-2

lin. wide, the outer rusty-tomentose with grey margins, the inner

grey-tomentose on both sides; petals 18-24 in three series, linear-

oblong or lanceolate, acute, 4 lin. long, 1-1} lin. wide, glabrous,

442 SAPOTACEH (Harvey). [ Mimusops.

yellow ; stamens 6-8; anthers lanceolate, apiculate, much longer

than the tomentose filaments ; ovary globose-ovoid, densely hirsute ;

style elongate, glabrous ; fruit rather large, ellipsoid, acute or acumi-

nate. Engl. Sapot. Afr. 71.

Coast Rea@ion : Komgha Div.; Komgha, Flanagan, 27!

EasterRN Recion: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 1661! near Umlaas, Wood, 5340!

Tongaat, Cooper, 2479! Nonoti, Gerrard, 1186! and without precise locality,

MceKen, 6!

Native name, ‘* Amapumbulo.”’

7. M. obovata (Sond. in Linnea, xxiii. 75); twigs, petioles and

both surfaces of the leaves quite glabrous; leaves obovate or obovate-

oblong, obtuse or bluntly acuminate, subcoriaceous, with flat or

scarcely subrecurved edges, beneath paler, prominently midribbed

and obviously somewhat netted-veined ; axils 1—2-flowered ; pedicels

ferruginous, erect, 4-5 times longer than the petiole ; calyx-lobes

lanceolate, acuminate, the outer rusty, the inner narrower, with pale

tomentum ; corolla as long as the calyx ; drupe ovate or subglobose,

apiculate ; seed elliptic-oblong. Engl. Sapot. Afr. 72, t. 27, fig. D.

Imbricaria obovata, Nees ex Engl. l.c.

Var. 8, grandifolia (Harv.); leaves longer and broader. M. obovata, Harv.

Thes. Cap. i. 28, t. 44.

Coast ReGion : Uitenhage Div. ; Olifants Hoek, Ecklon ¥ Zeyher ! Zeyher!

Albany Div. ; Featherstones Kloof near Grahamstown, MacOwan, 258 !

Katanari Recion: Transvaal; Warm Bath, Burtt-Davy, 2625!

Eastern Recion : Pondoland, Beyrick, 149. Natal; near Durban, Gerrard

§ McKen, 721! 869! Sanderson, 107! 678! and without precise locality,

Gerrard, 96! Williamson! Cooper, 1242! Gueinzius, 583 and 101. Var, 6:

Natal; near Durban, Sanderson, 117!

A shrub. Leaves very variable in shape and size, sometimes exactly obovate,

24-3 in. long, 14-24 in. wide ; sometimes almost ovate-lanceolate, 1-14 in. long,

3-2 in. wide. Called ‘‘Masatola” by the Zulus, Gerrard § McKen, 2047,

trom Zululand (without flowers) is said to be ‘‘a very large tree, 40-50 ft. high,

with spherical fruit” ; it has the same foliage and native name as M. obovata,

and I hesitate to separate it specifically, as the fruit in M. obovata varies in

shape,—W. H. H.

8. M. oleifolia (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 109); a large

shrub; branches ashy-grey, glabrous ; leaves lanceolate, tapering to

both ends, obtuse, acute at the base, coriaceous, glabrous, 1-2 in.

long, 23—4 lin. wide ; petiole 2-3 lin. long; flowers axillary, solitary ;

pedicels about 3 times as long as the petioles, glabrous or at first

minutely adpressed puberulous ; sepals 8 in two series, the outer

lanceolate, acute, densely brown pubescent outside, minutely puberu-

lous within, the inner linear-lanceolate, acute, puberulous outside,

glabrous within, ciliolate ; corolla-lobes 24 in three series, those of

the two outer series linear-lanceolate, acute, 23-2% lin. long, > lin.

wide, the innermost lanceolate, acuminate, 3-3) lin. long, 1 lin.

wide, glabrous ; staminodes narrowly lanceolate-attenuate, adpressedly

hirsute on the back and margins; stamens 8; filaments {} lin. long,

subulate; anthers linear-oblong, apiculate, 2 lin. long ; ovary ovoid,

Mimusops. ] SAPOTACE® (Harvey). 443

tapering into the adpressedly pubescent style. Engl. Sapot. Afr.

73, t. 34, fig. B. ;

EasTERN REGION : Natal; Tugela, Gerrard, 1642!

9. M. dispar (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 107) ; a small

tree; branches glabrous, ashy-grey; leaves cuneate-oblanceolate,

obtuse, $-2 in. long, 1—% in. wide, fulvo-tomentose when young,

glabrous when adult, closely and finely reticulate when dry ; petiole

2-4 lin. long; flowers 12-16 umbellately arranged at the apex of

the branches ; pedicels 6-8 lin. long ; calyx at first fulvo-tomentose,

at length with ashy adpressed pubescence ; sepals 6-8 in two series,

ovate, the outer acute, the inner obtuse; petals 18-24 in three

series, about 3 lin, long, 3—% lin. wide, subequal, linear-lanceolate,

acute, glabrous, yellow; stamens 6-8, shorter than the petals ;

anthers lanceolate, acute, flexuous, almost versatile, much longer

than the glabrous subulate filaments ; staminodes lanceolate, acumi-

nate, channelled, glabrous with nearly woolly margins; ovary

globose, densely hirsute ; style long, glabrous ; fruit ‘‘ yellow, well-

flavoured” (Wood). Engl. Sapot. Afr. 71.

Eastern Region: Natal; near Mooi River in ‘‘ Thorns,’ 3000-4000 ft.,

Wood, 4472! Thresh in Natal Herb. 5425! Upper Tugela River, Gerrard,

1482! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 1910!

Native name ‘‘ Umpumbula.”

10. M. Schinzii (Engl. Sapot. Afr. 70, t. 29, fig. A); a small

tree ; branches with rough greyish bark, densely leafy at the apex;

leaves oblong-elliptic, obtuse at both ends, or sometimes very shortly

acuminate, 21-41 in. long, 11—2 in. wide, coriaceous, green on both

surfaces ; petiole up to 5 lin. long; lateral nerves many, prominent

beneath ; reticulations dense, prominent; pedicels in axillary fas-

cicles of 2-3, about 3 times as long as the buds, shortly and densely

rusty-pilose ; sepals oblong-lanceolate; outer corolla-lobes oblong,

acute, denticulate in the upper third, inner lanceolate of equal

length ; filaments shorter than the ovate-sagittate apiculate anthers ;

staminodes long triangular, acute, a little shorter than the stamens,

densely pilose outside ; ovary subovoid, 8-6-celled, tapering into a

style 3} times its length. M. natalensis, Schinz in Bull. Herb.

Boiss. iv, 441,

Coast Region: Komgha Div. ; in woods near Komgha, Schlechter, 6220.

[The locality as originally published is quite erroneous.— VV. E. Brown. ]

11. M. concolor (Harv.); leaves petiolate, oblong or elliptic,

emarginate, coriaceous, flat, green on both sides, on both sides some-

what netted-veined ; pedicels axillary, in 2~3’s, rather longer than

the petiole, glabrous ; calyx glabrous, 6-partite, the lobes ovate,

subacute ; corolla 12- (or more) partite, the segments linear.

Eastern ReoGion: Natal; on the Tugela, Gerrard Y McKen, 1662!

**A low tree with rough bark” (Gerrard). Leaves 14-2 in. long, } lin. wide,

444, SAPOTACEH (Harvey). [ Mimusops.

almost exactly oblong, obtuse at’ the base; veins and veinlets impressed on the

upper surface, less obviously veined beneath. The flowers in my single specimen

have been partially eaten by insects, but enough remains to establish the genus.—

W. H. H.

Orper LXXXIV. EBENACEZ.

(By W. P. Hiery.)

Flowers usually dicecious, rarely polygamous, or in foyena

normally hermaphrodite, regular, 3-8-merous. Calyx free, often

more or less accrescent in fruit, not coralline, persistent. Corolla

hypogynous, gamopetalous, coralline, deciduous ; lobes entire, sinis-

trorsely contorted in bud as seen from above, usually spreading or

reflexed in open flower. Stamens in the male and hermaphrodite

flowers 3 or more, in the female flowers 0, or represented by usually

few staminodes ; filaments inserted at the base of the corolla-tube or

on the receptacle usually in one or two rows, those in the same pair

in different rows, rather short; anthers 2-celled, basifixed, not

connate, mostly linear-lanceolate and dehiscing laterally, the con-

nective shortly produced at the apex beyond the cells; pollen

spherical or spheroidal, smooth, often marked with three furrows.

Disk usually 0. Ovary free, sessile, entire, in the male flowers

abortive, rudimentary or obsolete, in the female and hermaphrodite

flowers 2-16-celled; ovules solitary or two together in the cells,

pendulous, anatropous, twice as numerous as the styles or branches

of the single style ; stigmas small or somewhat dilated, emarginate.

Fruit baccate, fleshy or coriaceous, usually few-celled; seeds usually

few or solitary, pendulous, exarillate, albuminous, usually marked

with two or three impressed veins or lines proceeding from the base

to the apex ; testa coriaceous, not rough, usually thin; albumen

copious, cartilaginous, equable or sometimes ruminated ; embryo

dicotyledonous, axile or somewhat oblique, straight or somewhat

curved, 1% as long as the seed; radicle superior, cylindrical ; coty-

ledons foliaceous, ovate or lanceolate, as long as or longer than the

radicle, their medial plane perpendicular to that of the carpel.

Trees or shrubs, in a few species climbing, rarely spiny ; wood of the middle of

the trunk hard, in many species heavy, durable and often black ; sap limpid, not

turning milky nor coagulating; leaves normally alternate and entire, often

distichous or with an angular divergence of two-fifths, simple, more or less coria-

ceous, usually opaque and unicostate at the base, pinniveined, in most species

evergreen ; hairs simple, usually 1-celled ; stomata confined to the lower face of

the leaves; stipules 0; flowers cymose, racemose or solitary, axillary or lateral,

rather small or of moderate size, never blue; peduncles or pedicels usually

bracteate.

Distris. Genera 6; species about 350, widely distributed over the warmer

regions of the world; more than 70 additional fossil species have been described.

I, Royena.—Flowers hermaphrodite or rarely subdioscious, 4—8-merous, often

solitary. Calyw normally accrescent. Stamens usually 10, in one row.

Phellogen usually pericyclic.

II. Euclea.—Flowers normally dioecious, 4-7-merous, racemose or paniculate.

Royena. | _ EBENACE# (Hiern). 445

Calyx not accrescent. Stamens 8-80, usually not in one row. Phellogen

usually pericyclic.

III. Maba.—Flowers dicecious, 3-merous. Calyx not accrescent. Phellogen

subepidermal.

IV. Diospyros.—F lowers normally dicecious, 4- or 5-merous. Calyx more or less

accrescent, Phellogen subepidermal.

Leucoxilon laurinum, E. Meyer ex Drége, Cat. Pl. Exsice. Afr. Austr. 7, is

Ilex capensis, Sond. §° Harv.

I. ROYENA, Linn.

Flowers hermaphrodite or rarely subdicecious, in most species

5-merous and solitary. Calyx campanulate or urceolate, pubescent,

more or less accrescent in fruit. Corolla urceolate or eampanulate

or rarely oblong, toothed or lobed. Stamens 5-14, in most species

10, inserted in one row, usually two in front of each corolla-lobe,

near the base of the corolla-tube; filaments short ; anthers lanceolate-

linear, usually hispid. Ovary conical, 2-10-celled, pubescent or

hispid ; ovules solitary in the cells; style 2—5-cleft at the apex.

Fruit globose, ovoid, oblong or spheroidal, }—1 in. long, more or less

covered or based with the enlarged persistent calyx, 1—5-celled, more

or less fleshy when ripe, sometimes splitting from the apex with

valves ; seeds glabrous, with a thin testa.

Shrubs or small trees or sometimes rather large trees; leaves entire, normally

alternate, very rarely opposite, more or less coriaceous; periderm of the stem

arising from the pericycle.

It is one of the characteristic genera of the Karroo region. The Kaffir

names, “ Um-gambeza” and “ Leeke ” are quoted for several species of the genus

by Thomas R. Sim, Fl. Kaffr. 54.

DistriB, In addition to the following a few species occur in Tropical Africa.

Royena foliis acute dentatis et veluti spinosis flore luteo, Houst. mss. ex Linn.

Sp. Pl. ed. i. 628, is Leselia ciliata, Linn.

Leaves mostly alternate; stamens 6-14, usually 10; ovary

4-10-celled :

Flowers 5-8-merous, usualiy pentamerous ; fruit not or

rarely glandular: _

Calyx shortly lobed :

Leaves lanceolate or elliptic-oblong ; _corolla-

tube glabrous outside; stamens 6 or 7,

glabrous Ke dd wie oe ... (1) Wilmsii.

Leaves oval or somewhat ovate ; corolla-tu

pubescent outside ; stamens 10, hispid ... (2) lucida.

Calyx divided half-way down or deeper :

Leaves cordate or rounded or very obtuse at

the base :

Style bifid ; leaves subsessile :

Leaves oval or oblong, smooth, not

strongly nerved at the base; flowers

hermaphrodite, yellowish ... ... (3) cordata,

Leaves ovate, scabrid, strongly 3-5-

nerved at the base; flowers ap-

parently dicecious, white ....... (4) seabrida.

Style 5-4-cleft; leaves distinctly petio-

late:

Flowers creamy white, }~3 in.long... (5) Galpini,

446 EBENACEZ (Hiern). [ Royena.

Flowers yellow, about 4 in. long ... (6) villosa.

Leaves narrowed at the base, not cordate :

Peduncles short, not or scarcely longer

than the solitary flowers :

Leaves subsessile, }-1 in. long ;

anthers 10, hairy we 2

Leaves sessile, 14-2 in. long; anthers

14, glabrous ... ae ee, :

Peduncles nearly as long as the leaves or

much longer than the flowers or 5-1-

flowered :

Flowers usually solitary :

Leaves not reticular-rugose :

Fruiting calyx-lobe 4-} in.

long :

Branches moderately

dense; hairs pallid ;

fruit globular or ovoid :

Flowers usually

hermaphro dite;

leaves obovate or

oblanceolate ... (9) pallens.

Flowers —_ subdice-

cious ; leaves obo-

vate-oval ... (10) ambigua.

Branches very dense;

hairs solitary; fruit

ellipsoid or oblong ... (11) nitens.

Fruiting calyx-lobes 3-1 in.

long se bis ... (12) Simii.

Leaves reticular-rugose ... ... (13) Guerkei.

Flowers often cymose :

Leaves narrowly elliptic, 3-14 in.

oe ess ies ... (14) glabra.

Leaves obovate, 2-64 in. long ... (15) parviflora.

Flowers usually tetramerous ; fruit glandular-hispid ... (16) glandulosa.

Leaves opposite ; stamens 5; ovary 2-celled .., ees ... (17) pentandra.

(7) hirsuta.

(8) sessilifolia.

1. R. Wilmsii (Giirke in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 60); a° small shrub,

bush or tree ; branches intricate, somewhat rugose or knotty, glab-

rate, dusky-ashy; branchlets hirsute and puberulous-tomentellous

with short dull tawny hairs, leafy; leaves alternate, lanceolate: or

elliptic-oblong, obtusely narrowed or somewhat acuminate or apicu-

late at the apex, rounded or cordate at the base, firmly coriaceous,

pale-green, subglaucescent, glabrate or ciliate, sometimes thinly

pilose on the midrib and beneath, entire, minutely dotted, 2—2 in.

long, }—3 in. broad ; reticulation slender; petiole ~,—1 in. long,

tomentellous-pubescent or hirsute; flowers hermaphrodite or sub-

dicecious, axillary, solitary, } in. long ; peduncle pubeseent-tomen-

tose, or in fruit glabrescent, 1—1 in. long, bibracteate at or near the

apex ; bracts opposite or alternate, ovate or lanceolate-ovate, sessile,

apiculate, entire, cordate-auriculate at the base, pubescent-tomentel-

lous and somewhat pulverulent on the back, glabrous within, ciliate,

4—1 in. long, 34;-1 in. broad; calyx shortly tubular-urceolate, obtuse

at the base, shortly 5- or 6-lobed, pubescent-tomentose on both

sides, sessile-glandular, 3-1 in. long, accrescent and glabrate in

Royena. | EBENACES (Hiern). 447

fruit ; teeth ereet, deltoid, acuminate ; corolla tubular, 1—1 in. long,

somewhat longer than or shorter and narrower than, and enclosed in

the calyx, 5- or 6-cleft; tube glabrous outside ; lobes oval-oblong or

lanceolate-oval, hairy on the upper part outside, ciliate, glabrous

within, about as long as the tube; stamens or staminodes 6 or 7,

inserted in one row near the bottom of the corolla-tube, erect,

glabrous, 4; in. long; anthers narrowly linear-lanceolate, acute,

sessile ; ovary ovoid-conical, hairy, glandular, 4-celled, 1 in. long,

together with the 4-cieft style 1 in. long; ovules solitary ; fruit

enclosed in the enlarged calyx, 1-1 in. in diam. ; fruiting-calyx

ovoid-globose, inflated, coriaceous, nearly or quite glabrous, somewhat

plicate, very shortly lobed at the apex, 1 in. long, * in. in diam.

fi. lucida, &. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1908, 403, not of Linn,

KALAHARI ReGion: Transvaal; near Pretoria, Wilms, 923! hills near

Greylingstad, Rand, 1325!

2. R. lucida (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 397); an evergreen shrub

4-12 ft. high or a tree’; stem or trunk erect, terete, often somewhat

torulose, 5-12 in, thick ; bark nearly smooth, dusky grey or whitish ;

wood light, porous; branches numerous, spreading, flexuous, leafy ;

young parts, peduneles, bracts and calyx clothed with subferruginous

pubescence ; leaves alternate, oval or somewhat ovate, usually

broadly pointed at the apex and. obtuse or rounded at the base,

coriaceous, glabrescent and shining above, beneath more or less

hirsute especially along the midrib and margin or glabrate, entire,

3-2; in. long, 3-1} in. broad; lateral veins not conspicuous ;

petioles very short, ;-} in. long; mesophyll bifacial ; peduncles

j-1 in. long, axillary, on the branchlets, spreading or arching,

bearing 1-3 small lanceolate or foliaceous bracts ; flowers solitary,

hermaphrodite, white or yellowish, 1—1 in. long; calyx urceolate,

3-4 in. long, 5-toothed, accrescent in fruit, teeth short and usually

acute ; corolla-tube urceolate, pubescent outside, shortly exceeding

the calyx; corolla-limb reflexed, 5-partite, puberulous on both

surfaces ; segments rounded, 1-1! in. long; stamens 10, inserted

around the base of the corolla, equal, } in. long; filaments glabrous,

very short ; anthers lanceolate-linear, hispid on the upper half of

the back; ovary conical, included, pubescent, usually 4-celled,

terminating in the cleft style, glabrous at the apex ; stigmas puneti-

form; fruit ovoid or subglobose, }—1 in. long, enclosed in the

pubescent or subglabrate somewhat pentagonal inflated ealyx, red or

purple and fleshy when ripe, 2—4-celled ; the flesh firm, whitish ;

seeds oblong, solitary, glabrous, shining, yellowish; testa thin ;

albumen cartilaginous, hard, white; embryo }-% as long as the

albumen, somewhat curved; cotyledons ovate, rather shorter than

the radicle. Gaertn. Fruct. ii. 80, t. 94, f. 4; Thunb. Prodr. 80, and

Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 390; Jacq. Fragm. 3, t. 1, f. 6; Poir. Eneyel.

vi. 321; Desf. in Ann. Mus. vi. 450, t. 62, 7.3; Lindl. Bot. Reg.

1846, t. 40; Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. 211; Pappe, Silva Cap. 20;

Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii, 80; Krauss in Flora, 1844,

443 EBENACES (Hiern.) | [| Royena.

824; Parmentier in Ann. Univ. Lyon, vi. fasc.ix 69; Giirke in

Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. i. 157, fig. 84, A—E ; Molisch

in Sitzb. d. Mathem.—Naturw. Cl. Wien, Ixxx. Abth. i. 638, 66,

70; Schnizlein, Iconographia, t. 159, f. 1; Drége in Linnea,

xx. 191; Melliss, St. Helena, 294; Drege, Zwei Pf. Documente,

89, 125, 139, 217.—Pistachia africana, s. Staphylodendron Atthio-

picum MovodracroxadrAnvopevopuddov singulart hirsuto folio nitente,

Plukenet, Almag. 298, Phytogr. t. 63, f. 4, t. 317, f. 5. Sta-

phylodendron Africanum, folio singular lucido, Herm. Parad.

Bat. 232, with plate; J. Burm. Cat. Pl. Afr. 22. Staphyloden-

dron Africanum sempervirens foliis splendentibus, J. Burm. Le.

33.

South AFRICA: without locality, Oldenland! Thunberg ! Roxburgh!

Bowie! Mund! Harvey! Alezander! Herb. Linnzus !

Coast Recton: Tulbagh Div.; Tulbagh Kloof, Ecklon & Zeyher! Cape

Div.; Devils Mountain, Drége, Ecklon, 693! Pappe! Wolley Dod, 3463! near

Cape Town, Harvey? Caledon Div.; mountains near Genadendal, Krauss.

Swellendam Div.; near Grootvaders Bosch, 1000-4000 ft., Zeyher, 3352!

Ruggens, near Zuurbraak, 600 ft., Galpin, 4320! Knysna Div.; near Kaatjes

Kraal, Burchell, 5256! near Knysna, Burchell, 5415! near Bosch River, Drége ;

Albany Div.; top of Zwarthoogdens Mountain, near Grahamstown, MacOwan,

309! Fort Beaufort Div.; hills near Kat River, Drége! Stockenstrom Div. ;

near Philipton, Ecklon §* Zeyher ! Cathcart Div. ; Cathcart, Kuntze.

CentraL Ree@ion: Somerset Div.; at the foot of Bosch Berg, MacOwan,

Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 2833! upper part of Bruintjes Hoogte, Burchell,

3062/2!

Hinenaka Recion : Orange River Colony, Cooper, 1062! 2692! Basutoland,

Cooper, 2157 !

Eastern Reaion: Griqualand East; Vaal Bank, Haygarth in Herb. Wood,

4188! Natal; between Pietermaritzburg and Greytown, Wilms, 2227! Van

Reenens Pass, Rehmann, 7242! and without precise locality, Sutherland !

It is the “ Zwartbast ” of the Cape colonists; the wood is hard and tough, of

a yellow tint with brownish stripes when polished, and well adapted for farniture,

tools, screws, &c. It is also called ‘‘ Kraai-besjes” (Burchell, 5256). The

Kaffirs call it ‘* Omgugunga.” It has also been called “African bladder-out.”

3. R. cordata (E. Meyer, ex Drége, Cat. Pl. Exsiec. Afr.-Austr.

7); an evergreen shrub, erect, rigid, densely branched, 2-6 ft. high ;

stem terete; branches erect-patent; branchlets leafy; young parts

subferruginous-pubescent, soon glabrescent ; leaves alternate, oval or

oblong or sometimes rotund, rounded or obtusely pointed at the

apex or apiculate, usually strongly cordate at the base, ascending

and sometimes adpressed, firmly coriaceous, rigid, entire, glabrescent

and glossy above, glabrate or pubescent beneath, subsessile, }—2$ in.

long, 3-14 in. broad; the lateral veins inconspicuous or on the

larger leaves clearly marked beneath ; mesophyll bifacial; flowers

hermaphrodite, axillary and quasi-terminal, sometimes forming

bracteate quasi-racemes of 1-1} in. long, yellow or white or pale-

cream, in. long ; peduncles arching, 1-flowered, hirsute or pubes-

cent, bibracteate, 1-14 in. long; bracts ovate or oval-apiculate, more

or less hirsute, ciliate, deciduous, alternate, {—} in. long ; flowering

calyx 5-partite, shaggy on both surfaces, 1-1 in. long, accrescent ;

Royena. | EBENACES (Hiern). 449

segments ovate or ovate-lanceolate and acute; corolla 5-cleft, about

in. long; tube ;4,—-1 in. long and glabrous; lobes ovate-oblong,

1_1 in. long, subglabrous or puberulous and often reflexed at the

tips; stamens 10, inserted at the base of the corolla, 2 in. long;

filaments very short; anthers hairy; ovary ovoid-eonical, hispid,

usually 4-celled ; style bilobed or styles 2; ovules solitary ; fruit

subglobose, 1—3 in. in diam., enclosed in the enlarged calyx; fruiting

calyx dilated, deeply 5-cleft, 5-winged, }—-1 in. long; segments

glabrate, deltoid-ovate, cordate or auriculate at the base, reddish on

the margin. Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 56, 141, 217; Alph.

DC. Prodr, viii. 211; Hiern in Trans. Cambr, Phil. Soc. xii. 81;

Parmentier in Ann. Univ. Lyon, vi. fase. ii. 70. R. opaca, EF.

Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 135, 217; Alph. DC., Le.

R. supracordata, Burch. ex Hiern, l.c.

Sees

Sourn ArFrica: without locality, Masson! Bowie!

Coast REGIon: Uniondale Div.; Long Kloof, Burchell, 4907! Uitenhage

Div. ; Zuurberg Range, between Enon and Driefontein, 2000-3000 ft., Drége !

Alexandria Div.; Olifants Hoek, Zeyher! Bathurst Div.; near the Kowie

River, MacOwan, 429! Glenfilling, Drége! Albany Div.; between the source

of Kasuga River and the Bushmans River, Burchell, 4166! 4186! Fish River

Heights, Mrs. Hutton! Fort Beaufort Div. ; near Fort Beaufort, 1000-2000 ft.,

Ecklon & Zeyher! Queenstown Div, ; near Queenstown, Galpin, 15591 and

without precise locality, Mrs. Barber, 307! Cathcart Div. ; Windvogel Moun-

tain, Baur, 1120! East London Diy.; near the mouth of the Keiskamma River,

Mrs, Hutton! British Katfraria, Cooper, 35! 186! 306! :

Centrat Recion: Graaff Reinet Div., 3000-4000 ft.; Oude Berg, Drége ;

Cave Mountain near Graaff Reinet, Bolus, 527! :

Katauart ReGion: Transvaal; hills near Pretoria, 4100 ft., MeLea in

Herb. Bolus, 3103!

Eastern Reaion: Natal; Tongaat, Cooper, 3485! Inanda, Wood, 1232!

near Murchison, 2000 ft., Wood, 478! 8059! and without precise locality,

Gerrard § McKen, 12! 18! 99! Gueinzius! Zululand, 1000-2000 ft., Wylie

in Herb. Wood, 5686 !

Most of the specimens from the Eastern Region are rather more hairy than

those from the other regions.

4. R. scabrida (Harv. ex Hiern in Trans. Cambr, Phil. Soc.

xii. 82); a shrub, 8-15 ft. high; branches simple, pilose at the

extremities with pallid hairs; leaves altcrnate, entire, ovate, acute or

obtuse at the apex, cordate at the base, dotted and seabrid especially

beneath, silky when young, shining above, subsessile, strongly 3-5-

nerved at the base, 11-21 in, long, 7-12 in. broad, with a narrowly

revolute margin; flowers apparently dicecious ; the male flowers

nearly 3+ in, long, white, axillary ; peduncles 1-flowered, much

shorter than the leaves, bracteate; bracts ovate, acuminate ; ealyx

5-partite, erect, pilose-setose, $ in. long ; segments ovate, acuminate,

broad-based; corolla campanulate-urceolate, adpressedly pilose,

deeply 5-cleft ; lobes 3 in, long, ovate-oblong, acute ; stamens 10, in

one row, equal, inserted at the base of the corolla-tube, 1 in. long ;

filaments very short, hairy at the apex; anthers linear, acute, hairy

towards the apex; ovary rudimentary, hairy; style bifid, glabrous

above, hairy below ; female flowers and fruit not seen.

VOL. IV.—-SECT. ds @ 4

450 EBENACE® (Hiern). [ Royena.

Eastern Reaton: Natal; on grassy plains near the Tugela River, Gerrard

¥ McKen, 1609!

5. R. Galpini (Hiern); shrubby, tomentose, not very closely

branched, leafy ; leaves alternate, entire, oval, obtusely narrowed or

nearly rounded at the apex, truncate, rounded or very obtuse at the

base, thinly coriaceous, yellowish-green, strigosely pubescent and

minutely glandular-pulverulent above, pallid-tawny and softly tomen-

tose beneath, 2-5 in. long, 1-21 in. broad; petiole 4—3 in. long

tomentose; peduncles 1-flowered, drooping, about }--} in. long,

bracteate above the middle ; bracts narrow; flowers axillary, solitary,

white or creamy-white, 1-2 in. long; calyx shaggy-tomentose on

both surfaces, 1—2 in. long, very deeply lobed; segments ovate-

lanceolate, acute; corolla deeply lobed, partly pubeseent outside,

glabrous within ; lobes oblong, obtuse, about in. long and j% in.

broad, hairy at the apex and partly down the outer face, glabrous

where covered by the adjoining petal in the bud, finally spreading

or reflexed ; stamens 10, in one row, equal, } in. long; filaments

inserted at the base of the corolla, very short; anthers lanceo-

late, hispid along the back, glabrous on the face; ovary ovoid-

conical, somewhat pyramidal, marked with 5 raised hairy vertical

lines and intervening glabrous spaces, terminating in 5 glabrous

styles, 1 in. long altogether, 10-celled.

Kananari Reaion: Transvaal; grassy plains and hill-sides near Barberton,

2800-4000 {t., alt., Galpin, 603 !

Eastern Reaion: Zululand; Umlalaas, below 1000 ft., alt., Wylie in Herb.

Wood, 7900! 8630!

6. R. villosa (Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. xii. ii. 302); a pubescent

shrub, trailing; branches patent, 5-40 ft. long; branchlets leafy,

patent; leaves alternate, obovate-oblong, rounded, emarginate or

shortly pointed at the apex, more or less cordate at the base, thinly”

coriaceous, entire, glabrescent and dark green above, paler green and

hairy beneath, sometimes with the veinlets pellucid or with minute

pellueid points, often wrinkled with impressed venation in the dry

state, narrowly revolute on the margin, 1-5 in. long, }-2} in.

broad ; petiole 1—% in. long, hairy; flowers hermaphrodite, yellow,

fragrant, about 1 in. long, densely pubescent; peduncles axillary,

l-flowered and 1-1 in. long or 3-flowered longer and with

pedicels of about 1, in., bracteate, hairy; bracts usually 2 and

subopposite, smaller and narrower than the leaves, deciduous ;

calyx 5-partite, accrescent in fruit, + in. long in flower; segments

lanceolate or ovate in flower and broadly ovate in fruit; corolla

tomentose outside except near the base, glabrous within, deeply

5-lobed ; lobes oblong, about 1 in. long and recurving; stamens 10;

anthers densely shaggy; ovary 8- or 10-celled; style 5—4-lobed ;

stigmas punctiform; fruit globose-pentagonal, tomentose or hispid

with yellowish hairs, }— in. long, sometimes dehiscent from the apex

with 5 valves, surrounded with and not much exceeding the enlarged

Royena. | EBENACE (Hiern). 451

wrinkled calyx. Poir. Encyel. vi. 321; Meerburg, Pl. Rar. t. 43;

Thunb. Prodr. 80, and Fl. Cap, ed. Schultes, 390; Alph. DC,

Prodr. viii. 213; Hiernin Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 82; Drége,

Zwei Pfl. Doeumente, 132, 139, 159,217; Krauss in Flora, 1844,

824 ; Parmentier in Ann. Univ. Lyon, vi. fase. ii. 70. R. scabra,

Burm. f. Fl. Cap. Prodr. 13. R. scandens, Burch. ex Hiern, lc.

fi. longifolia, Cels, Cat. 1817, 33, name only, is probably this species.

SourH AFRICA: without locality, Masson! Thunberg! Alewander ! Miller !

Herb. Linneus !

Coast Reeion: Uitenhage Div.; near the lead-mine by Maitland River,

Burchell, 4506! Addo, 1000-2000 ft., Drege, Ecklon §° Zeyher, 464! Albany

Div. ; ina ravine by the spring at Blaauw Krantz, Burchell, 3673! Kloof east of

Woest hill, Grahamstown, MacOwan, 516! near the Bushmans River and Geel-

houtboom, Drége / near Alicedale, 1500 ft., MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr.,

234! Bathurst Div.; near Port Alfred, Burchell, 3793! British Kaffraria,

Cooper, 1!

Katanarkt Rraion: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 2006! Basutoland,

Cooper, 2687!

KastERN ReGion: Natal; near Durban, Drége! McKen, 613! Wylie in

Herb. Wood, 6262! near Murchison, 2000 ft., Wood, 3058! Inanda, Wood, 613!

forests by the Umlaas River, Krauss, 226! 472! 432, and without precise

locality, Stuart! Gerrard §° McKen, 614! 2013! Gerrard, 30! Sanderson,

150! 613! 715! Cooper, 2689! 2690! Gueinzius !

The Boer name is ‘‘ Zwart-bast ”; the wood is used for the bodies of waggons

and for making yokes for draught oxen, (Thunberg, Travels, English 3rd edit.,

ii. 111). A specimen is recorded from the neighbourhood of Brisbane, Queens-

land (Jowrn. Bot. 1875, 353).

7. R. hirsuta (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 397); a rigid shrub, closely

branched, more or less downy-hoary or tomentose, 11-15 ft. high ;

branches terete, spreading, dusky or ashy; branchlets densely

leafy, knotty; leaves alternate, oblanceolate, obtuse, rounded,

apiculate or subacute at the apex, wedge-shaped or somewhat

narrowed at the base, coriaceous, rigid, entire, nearly flat or revolute

along the margin, hairy and rugose with raised midrib and more or

less conspicuous veins or pitted beneath, sometimes deciduous,

subsessile or shortly petiolate, 1-1 in. long, ;4—% in. broad;

petiole very short or ranging up to + in. long; flowers usually

hermaphrodite, occasionally diccious, white, pink or searlet, 1-1

in. long ; peduncles axillary, 1-flowered, arching or deflexed,

shorter than or equalling the flowers, ;4,—} in. long, usually bibrac-

teate about or above the middle; bracts narrow, often deciduous,

about ;4; in. long; flowering calyx subcampanulate, deeply 5-

lobed, hairy on both sides, 1-1 in. long; lobes ovate and erect ;

corolla urceolate, 5-cleft, grey-felted outside, puberulous within ;

lobes ovate or lanceolate-oblong, rounded or obtuse at the apex,

equalling the tube and reflexed; stamens usually 10; filaments short,

dilated ; anthers lanceolate, hairy ; ovary ovoid-conical, shaggy, 4-8-

celled, in the female flowers with small glands at the base alternating

with 6-9 staminodes ; styles usually 2, oceasionally 3 or 4; stigmas

glabrous, more or less dilated, emarginate ; fruit globose or rarely

obovoid, 3-2 in. long, more or less tomentose, red or pallid-tawny,

@g2

452 EBENACE® (Hiern). [ Royena.

often dehiseent from the apex with 2-5 valves, based with the

accrescent calyx ; fruiting calyx deeply 5-lobed, pubescent, { in. long

or more ; lobes broad or oblong, erect or reflexed ; seeds 4-8. Thunb.

Prodr, 80, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 391 ; Potr. Eneyel. vi. 321;

Lam. Eneycl: t. 370, fig. 2; Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 47, 56,

62, 217; Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. 212; Hiern in Trans. Cambr.

Phil. Soc. xii. 83; Parmentier in Ann. Univ. Lyon, vi. fase. ii. 73,

not of Jacq., nor of Sieb., nor of Eckl. Rk. angustifolia, Willd. Sp.

Pl. ii. 633 ; Poir. Encyel. vi. 322; Alph. DC., le.; Parmentier,

Le. 72; Willd. Herb. n. 8367!; Drege, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 67,

70,217. Déospyros hirsuta, Desf. in Ann. Mus. Par. vi. 449, t. 62,

f.2; not of Linn. f. D. pubescens, Pers. Syn. Pl. ii. 625; not of

Pursh. RB. microphylla, Burchell, Trav. 8. Afr. i. 348, note ; Alph.

DG., le. R. rugosa, E. Meyer ex Drige, Cat. Pl. Exsiec. Afr.-Austr.

7; Drége, lc. 113,217 ; Alph. DC. Le. ; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 824.

Cf. R. media, Cels, Cat. 1817, 33, name only. Cf. R. cuneata, Poir,

Eneyel. vi. 322; Alph. DC. Prodr, l.c. 215. Arbutus foliis lanceo-

latis integerrimis hirsutis, Linn. Hort. Cliff. 163. Staphylodendron

Africanum folio lanuginoso Rosmarini latiori, Boerh. Ind. alt. ii.

235, ex Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 7, n. 3.

Var. 8, rigida (Hiern in Journ. Bot. 1874, 239) ; habit very rigid ; branches

patent, very numerous; leaves alternate, rather pale, 4-4 in. long, q5-% in.

broad; flowers white; calyx-lobes linear-lanceolate ; corolla-lobes Janceolate-

oblong, very feebly pubescent, reflexed from the middle; ovary 6-celled,

globose ; style 4-cleft ; fruit eaten but not very palatable.

Sourn AFRICA: without locality, Auge! Masson! Oldenburg! Thunberg!

Verreausz !

Coast REGIon: Clanwilliam Div.; Clanwilliam, 300 ft., Schlechter, 8008!

Olifants River and Brakfontein, Ecklon 5 Zeyher! Zeyher, 8351! Malmesbury

Div.; Groene Kloof (Mamre), and between Groene Kloof and Saldhana Bay,

below 500 ft., Drege! Cape Div.; Cupe Flats, Krauss, 1719! Herb.

Linneus! Caledon Div.; by the Zondereinde River, Burchell, 7537! Swellen-

dam Div.; between Swellendam and the Breede River, Burchell, 7446! Hessa-

quas Kloof, Burchell, ‘7531! on plains and near rivers, Bowie! near the lower

part of the Zondereinde River, Zeyher, 3350! Grootvaders Bosch and adjacent

mountains, Ecklon § Zeyher ! Uniondale Div.; Lange Kloof, Burchell, 4898 !

Bowie ! Humansdorp Div.; near Humansdorp, MacOwan, 269! Albany Div. ;

Bowie! Queenstown Div.; near Queenstown, Cooper, 212! Guildford, near

Tylden, 3500 ft., Galpin, 1565! hills near the Zwart Kei River, Barber, 311!

Winterberg Range, on the highest hills between Tarka and Kat Berg, Ecklon §

Zeyher ! Bowkers Park, 4759 ft., Galpin, 2570!

CENTRAL REGION: Calvinia Div.; Bokfontein, 2500 ft., Drége! Worcester

Div. ; Baviaans Krantz, Rehmann, 2885! Beaufort West Div. ; Nieuweveld

Mountains near Beaufort West, 3000-5000 ft., Drége! Somerset Div. ; Bruintjes

Hoogte, 3500 ft., MacOwan, 1984! Graaff Reinet Div.; Oude Berg, 3000-—

4000 ft., Drége; mountains near Graaff Reinet, 3000-4900 ft., Drege, Bolus,

470! Aberdeen Div. ; Cambeboo, near Hamer Kuil, 3000 ft., Drége! Var. B:

Graaff Reinet Div.; on hills near Graaff Reinet, 2500-3300 ft., Bolws, 616!

Western Recion: Little Namaqualand; between Pedros Kloof and Lily

Fontein, 3000-4000 ft., Drége! near Ookiep, 3300 ft., Bolus in Herb. Norm.

Austr.-Afr., 636!

Katanari Re@ion: Griqualand West; Barkly West, 4000 ft., Marloth,

1010. Hay Div.; between Wittewater and Griqua Town, Burchell, 1696!

Urange River Colony; Bloemfontein, Kuntze; and without precise locality,

Cooper, 2688! 844! Bechuanaland ; near the sources of the Kuruman River,

Royena.| EBENACEH (Hiern). 458

Burchell, 2502! Transvaal; Waterval River, Wilms, 919! hills near Aapies

River, Rehmann, 4334! Klipriver Berg, near Johannesburg, Rand, 884!

EASTERN ReGion: Natal; near Van Reenen, 5500 ft., Schlechter, 6956!

Wocd, 5658! near the Tugela River, 4000 ft., Wood, 3592! bank of the Mooi

oe 5000 ft., Sutherland ! Washbank, Newcastle district, 3000-100) ft., Wood,

904!

There is considerable variation, as was noted by Thunberg, both in the size of

the leaves and in the abundance of the tomentum; the form which has the

smallest leaves is R. microphylla, Burchell, 1696, 2502. R. hirsuta, Herb.

Ecklon, 698, is R. lucida, Linn.

The Hottentot name of var. 8 is ‘‘ Grietie-Rom” ; it flowers either in spring

(October) or in autumn (April), according to the rains, the more usual season

being the spring (Bolus, MS.).

8. R. sessilifolia (Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 84) ;

a shrub; stem erect; branches spreading at a wide angle, pubescent ;

periderm of the stem subepidermal; leaves alternate, oblong-

obovate or obovate, sessile, rounded or retuse at the apex, narrowed

to the obtuse base, submembranous, pubescent beneath and when

young on both surfaces, 13-2 in. long, 3-11 in. broad; lateral

veins not very conspicuous, impressed on the upper surface;

flowers subdicecious, pallid, fragrant, 4 in. long; peduncles

axillary, 1-flowered, shorter than the flowers, pubescent; calyx

5-partite, + in. long, pubescent outside ; segments lanceolate, erect-

patent and 3-veined ; corolla urceolate, 5-lobed, pubescent outside,

glabrous within; lobes recurved, obtuse and +; in. long; stamens

14, glabrous ; filaments short; anthers dehiseing from the apex ;

pollen globular, smooth; ovary rudimentary, rounded, pubescent.

Diospyros sessilifolia, Parmentier in Ann. Univ. Lyon, vi. fase. ii. 73.

Sourn Arrica?: described from a plant of unknown origin, cultivated at

Kew, whence specimens were obtained in 1877 and 1880!

A specimen in the Leiden herbarium with sessile leaves, which are coriaceous

and mostly pointed at the apex with the lateral veins raised in relief on both

surfaces, possibly belongs to this species ; it was cultivated in the Leiden Garden

in 1785.

R. latifolia, Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. Suppl. 23, without description ;

Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. 215; is unknown to me, but is perhaps best mentioned

here.

9. R. pallens (Thunb. Prodr. 80); a shrub or tree, usually not

exceeding 15 ft. high, sometimes a large tree ; bark reddish-brown

or turning black or sometimes grey, rough ; branches alternate, terete,

_silky-pubescent with pallid hairs or glabrescent, more or less spread-

ing, sometimes with a trailing or twining habit ; branchlets leafy,

densely hairy ; leaves oblanceolate, obtuse or rarely pointed at the

apex, more or less wedge-shaped at the base, silky especially beneath

or glabrescent, green below the hairs, rather thick and firm, sub-

coriaceous, alternate, opposite or subverticillate, evergreen or some-

times deciduous, narrowly revolute on the margin, entire, }—2 in.

long, 3-8 in. broad; petiole pubescent or puberulous, y'5—-} in.

long; flowers whitish or yellow, hermaphrodite or subdiccious,

4-2 in. long, pendulous; peduneles axillary, arching, 1- (or

454: EBENACES® (Hiern), [| Royena.

rarely 2-) flowered, bearing 2 or 3 bracts about or above the

middle, longer than the flowers, pubescent, somewhat thickened

at the apex, 2-4 in. long; bracts lanceolate, alternate, deciduous,

3-1 in. long ; calyx deeply 5-lobed, rounded below, pubescent on

both surfaces, + in. long in flower, more or less accrescent, {—} in.

long in fruit; lobes ovate or lanceolate, acute, erect and adpressed

to the corolla-tube, finally spreading or reflexed; corolla cam-

panulate-rotate, deeply 5-lobed, rather thick and fleshy, somewhat

hairy outside, glabrous within; tube very short; lobes ovate-oblong,

revolute and 1 in. long ; stamens 10, equal, }—2 in. long; filaments

very short, flat, glabrous; anthers linear-laneeolate, hairy on the

back and at the apex, 1—1 in. long ; ovary ovoid-conical or sub-

globose, silky-pubescent, with the style about ¢ in. long, 6-10-

celled ; style deeply 3—5-cleft, terete ; stigmas punetiform, glabrous ;

fruit subglobose or ovoid, pubescent or hispidulous or rarely glabrate,

1_]1 in. in diam., sometimes bursting with valves from the apex.

Poir. Eneycl. vi. 322; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 391; Drege,

Zwei Pfl. Documente, 137, 217; Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. 213;

Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 85; Parmentier in Ann.

Univers. Lyon, vi. fuse. ii.71; Hiern in Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr. iii. 510;

Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 647 ; Melliss, St. Helena, 294 ; Schinz,

Deutsch Siidwest Afrika, 66; not of Herb. Willd. n. 8363! R.

pallens, B. Dregei, Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. 214. R. hirsuta, Jacq.

Collect. v. 110, t. 13, f. 1; not of Linn., nor of Sieber, nor of

Ecklon. R. lycioides, Desf. Tabl. Ecole Bot. 79; Alph. DC. Prodr.

viii. 214. Diospyros lycioides, Desf. in Ann. Mus. Paris, vi. 448, t.

62, f.1. BR. pubescens, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. 457 ; Drege, le.

123, 142, 217 ; Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. 213; Herb. Willd. n. 83641,

not of Edwards, Bot. Reg. t. 500. R. decidua, Burchell, Trav. 8.

Afr. i. 317. BR. cuneata, Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 360; not of Pow.

R. brachiata, E. Meyer ex Drege, Cat. Pl. Exsice. Afr. Austr. q,

and Zwei Pfl. Doewmente, 127, 217; Alph. DC., Lc. 213. RK.

cuneifolia, E. Meyer, l.c., and ex Drige, Cat. Siid-Afr. Pfl. 9, and

Zwei Pfl. Documente; 58, 93, 132, 188, 217; Alph. DC. te. 214 ;

Krauss in Flora, 1844, 824. R. ramulosa, E. Meyer ex Alph.

DC. Prodr. viii. 212. R. sericea, Bernh. ex Krauss in Flora,

1844, 824; Walp. Rep. vi. 457. R. oleifolia, Desf., and kh.

hispidula, Harv. ex Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 85.

Royena (sp.), Burchell, l.c. i. 390, 381 ( fig.).

Souri A¥RICA: without locality, Thunberg / Masson! Zeyher, 3348! 3354!

Alewander ! Ferrawa, 516. z

Coast Rxeeion: Worcester Div.; near Matjesfontein (Maggisfontein by

error), Rehmann, 2915! 2917! Caledon Div.; Baviaans Kloof, Burchell, 7860 ?

Robertson Div.; Kogmans Kloof, Kuntze ; Riversdale Div.; by the Zoetemelks

River, Burchell, 6813! Muis Kraal, Galpin, 4319! Mossel Bay Div. 3 Drie-

fontein, Drége; dry channel of an arm of the Gauritz River, Burchell, 6490!

Knysna Div.; Groene Valley, Burchell, 5632! near Knysna, Bowie! Krauss,

1721! Uitenhage Div. ; various localities, Burchell, 4501! Drege! Zeyher, 164!

819! 1127! Ecklon § Zeyher, 14! Bowie! Tredgold! Port Elizabeth Div. ;

- Krakkakamma, Zeyher, $44! Bathurst Div.; near Port Alfred, Burchell, 3789 !

Albany Div.; various localities, Burchell, 38961 3472! 4184! Williamson !

Reyena.| EBENACEX (Hiern), 455

Bolton! Hutton! Miss Bowker! Baur! MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr.,

759! Stockenstrom Div. ; Chumie (Tyumie) Berg, Ecklon § Zeyher ! Queens-

town Div., Cooper, 272! Cathcart Div.; Toise River, Kuntze; Goshen, Baur,

925! King Williamstown Div. ; between Buffalo and Yellowwood Rivers, Drége ;

East London Div.; East London, Kuntze.

CENTRAL ReGion: Somerset Div.; by Little and Great Fish Rivers, 2000-

3000 ft., Dirége, Burke! Commadagga, Burchell, 3301! 3825! Bruyntjes-

Hoogte, Burchell, 3080! between Vogel River and Loots Kloof, and by the

Klein Fish River, MacOwan, 1646! Graaff Reinet Div.; mountains south-west

of Graaff Reinet, Burchell, 2930! near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft., Bolus, 128!

Cradock Div.; near Cradock, Kuntze, Cooper, 2691! Beaufort West Div. ;

Nieuwveld, Drége; Beaufort West, Kuntze. Victoria West Div.; between

Brak River and Uitvlugt, Drége! Aliwal North Diy.; Aliwal North, Kuntze.

Hopetown Div. ; near Hopetown, 4500 ft., Muskett in Herb. Bolus, 128! ;

Western Recion: Little Namaqualand; Orange River, near Verleptpram,

below 500 ft., Drége! Streeuwberg, Wyley, 103! Great Namaqualand ; ‘Tiras,

Schinz.

Katanari Recion: Herbert Div.; by the Vaal River, at Blauwbosch Drift,

Burchell, 1750! Kimberley, Marloth, 816! Bechuanaland ; Maadje Mountain,

Burchell, 2371! Orange River Colony ; Leeuw Spruit and Vredefort, Barrett-

Hamilton ! Bloemfontein, Kuntze. Transvaal ; various localities, Galpin, 1094!

6042! Rand, 708! Rehmann, 4090! 4091! Wilms, 921! Holub! Burke !

Easrern ReGion: Tembuland; Klip Krans near Bazeia, Baur, 260! Natal ;

near Durban, Krauss, 423! Weenen County, Sutherland! Mawbys Boot,

Sanderson, 318! Inauda, Wood! Mlovo Forest, Wood, 6434! Tugela River,

Wood, 3853! Umsondus River, Rehmann, 7641! and without precise locality,

Gerrard, 129! 1607! 1610! 6151! Peddie! Sanderson, 140! 511! 423! 527!

717! Cooper, 1238 !

This tree is the Royena mentioned by Barchell, Trav. S. Afr. i. 390, and repre-

sented in his engraving, p. 381, and by his n, 1750, It is said to be naturalized

in the island of St. Helena, and to be called ‘‘ Poison Peach” by the colonists,

In parts of Cape Colony it is called ‘‘Monkey Plum,” and in the Kalahari

Region it is known as “ Zwartbast ” (black bark) ; it occurs also in South

tropical Africa.

10. R. ambigua (Venten. Jard. Malm. n. 17); a shrub ; branches

numerous, erect-patent or ascending ; branchlets more or less tomen-

tose throughout, leafy ; leaves alternate, obovate-oval, rounded or

apiculate at the apex, somewhat narrowed at the base, dull green,

thinly, coriaceous, sometimes minutely pellucid-punctate, softly

pubescent at least on the principal veins beneath and on the margin,

1-2 in. long, }—% in. broad; petiole ;),-1 in. long, pubescent ;

flowers subdiccious ; the female ones drooping, orange-yellow or

yellowish, somewhat fragrant, 1—! in. long; peduncles axillary,

1-flowered, pubescent, arching, ;3,—® in. long, bearing 2 or 3 alternate

linear silky bracts near or above the middle; calyx deeply 5- or

6-cleft, hairy, } in. long, aecrescent in fruit; lobes lanceolate or

ovate, or in fruit ovate-oblong ; corolla broadly urceolate, 5-8-cleft,

pubescent outside, containing honey; lobes oblong, obtuse, reflexed

and rather shorter than the tube; staminodes 10-14, shorter than

the corolla-tube, inserted at its base, converging towards the apex

round the ovary; filaments flat, glabrous below, hairy above ;

anthers (sterile) brown ; ovary globose, pubescent, pale yellow, 5-7-

furrowed, 10-celled ; styles 5-7, slender, united at the base, pale

yellow, longer than the staminodes ; fruit globular, pubescent, bright

456 EBENACE (Hiern). [ Royena.

pale brown, nearly 3 in. in diam., sometimes dehiscent from the

apex with 5 valves; fruiting calyx reflexed, 5-paitite ; segments

oblong-lanceolate, 2 in. long; seeds 3, oblong, pendulous, 4 in. long.

Male flowers not seen. Poiret in Lam. Encyel. Meth. Suppl. iv.

722; Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. 214; Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil.

Soc. xii. 86. R. polyandra, B. ambigua, Pers. Syn. Pl. 1. 486.

Diospyros ambigua, Venten. Jard. Malm. t. 17. Diplonema am-

bigua, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 42.

Katanart Rxecron: Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Zeyher, 1126! Wonder-

boom Poort, near Pretoria, Rehmann, 4527! and without precise locality,

Burke !

Perhaps only a variety of the previous species,

11. R. nitens (Harv. ex Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii.

87); a shrub or undershrub, 13-4 ft. high; branches ascending,

dense, terete, leafy ; young shoots silky-tomentose, shining with

silvery-white hairs; bark dusky, somewhat glossy ; leaves alternate,

narrowly elliptic, narrowed more or less towards both ends, coria-

ceous, dark-green and glossy. above, silky-tomentose beneath with

persistent pale hairs, subsessile, entire, 1-1} in. long, 9-5 in. broad ;

flowers hermaphrodite or subdicecious, numerous, white, {—} in. long ;

peduncles axillary, 1-fowered, pubescent, arching in fruit, about

1_1 in. long, bibracteate above the middle ; bracts linear, pubescent,

deciduous; calyx very deeply 5-lobed, pubescent on both surfaces,

pallid, about + in. long in flower, accrescent, more or less spreading

and about 3 in, in diam. under the fruit; segments lanceolate, sub-

acute, 1-2 in. long ; corolla deeply 5-lobed, somewhat pubescent

outside, glabrous within; lobes ovate-oblong, obtuse, spreading or

reflexed ; stamens 10, erect, about 4 in. long or shorter in quasi-

female flowers; filaments very short, glabrous, flattened ; anthers

hispid ; ovary hirsute; styles 3-5, glabrous; fruit spheroidal or

oblong, puberulous with very short inconspicuous hairs, splitting

from the somewhat pointed apex, 3-1 in. long, j-% in. thick,

1-celled, like a plum in colour, 1-seeded.

KALAHARI Reoion: Transvaal; plains around Barberton, 2800 ft., Galpin,

568! Mount Sheba, near Barberton, 3900 ft., Bolus, 7842 !

EAsterN ReGion: Zululand; White Umvolosi River, Gerrard, 1158 !

12. R. Simii (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 196); a dense,

leafy shrub; branches strigose-pilose when young, at length glab-

rate ; branchlets patent, densely leafy; bark pallid ; leaves alternate,

crowded, oblanceolate, obtusely acuminate or very obtusely pointed

or nearly rounded at the apex, wedge-shaped at the base, thinly

coriaceous, dark green and glabrescent above, somewhat paler and

strigose-pilose at least along the midrib beneath, revolute along the

margin, entire, 1-21 in. long, 1% in. broad ; petiole 3—y in. long,

strigose-pilose or glabrate; fruiting peduncles axillary, solitary,

more or less spreading or recurved, puberulous or glabrate, robust,

Royena.| EBENACE® (Hiern). 457

thickened towards the apex, bracteate, dusky, 2-1 in. long; bracts

alternate, deciduous; fruit solitary, globose, shortly velvety and

sparingly pilose with deciduous hairs, about 4 in. in diam.; fruiting

calyx accrescent, deeply 5-lobed; tube about } in. in diam., puberu-

lous outside ; lobes ovate-lanceolate, thinly coriaceous, 9—13-nerved,

obtuse, glabrate or puberulous, erect, 3-1 in. long, 2—} in. broad ;

seeds 1—1 in. long, 1-1 in. broad, dusky.

Coast ReGion: King Williamstown Div. ; Perie Bush, 2009 ft., Kuntze!

Eastern Region: Pondoland, Bachmann, 1016; Natal; Tugela River,

Gerrard, 1611!

R. Simii should be compared with R. pubescens, Edwards, Bot. Reg. t. 500,

vic Willd. ; also with the following specimens in fruit :—

Coast Recion: Knysna Div.; near Knysna, Burchell, 5490! near the

Knysna River Ford, Burchell, 5529! Fort Beaufort Div., Cooper, 418 !

The ‘‘ Kraai beesies”’ of the Kaffirs.

The R. pubescens mentioned by Burchell, Trav. S. Afr. i. 24, note, may be

this species ; it is 745! of his Catalogue, and was obtained in the Government

garden at Cape Town. Burchell in his notes described it as a tree, 10 ft.

high, with greenish-yellowish flowers, and with the fruit as in Bot. Reg.

13. R. Guerkei (0. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. iii. ii. 196) ; a shrub,

6-10 ft. high; branches numerous, dusky, puberulous or glabrate,

terete ; branchlets hirsute, alternate, more or less spreading, densely

leafy; leaves alternate, elliptic-oblanceolate, rounded, obtuse or

apiculate at the apex, wedge-shaped at the base, sparingly hirsute

and rugose with impressed reticulation above, hirsute especially on

the raised reticulation beneath, thinly coriaceous, narrowly revolute

along the margin, entire, 1-22 in. long, }-* in. broad; petiole

hirsute, ;',—1 in. long; fruiting peduncles axillary on the branch-

lets, solitary, shortly hirsute, more or less spreading or recurving,

i—} in. long, marked with the scars of 2 or 3 alternate fallen bracts ;

fruiting calyx puberulous and sparingly hirsute, divided nearly to

the base ; segments lanceolate, strongly 3-nerved, dusky, § in. long,

2in. broad; fruit solitary, spheroidal, puberulous, rather more than

2 in. long, scarcely 1 in, in diam. ; seeds 4, reddish-brown, minutely

wrinkled, }—3 in. long, } in. broad.

Eastern ReGion: Natal; Charlestown, 6000 ft., Kuntze!

14. R. glabra (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 397); an evergreen shrub,

2-6 ft. high, very apt to send up suckers from the roots; stem erect,

ranging up to 6 in. thick, terete, much branched; bark thin,

glabrous, grey or purplish, smooth; branches scattered, erect or

erect-patent, virgate; branchlets comparatively slender, densely

leafy; young parts pilose; leaves alternate, narrowly elliptic,

usually narrowed at both ends, entire, thinly coriaceous, rigid, flat,

glossy above, at length glabrous, subsessile, myrtle-like, 3-1

in. long, 3-1 in. broad; flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous,

458 eBENACEa® (Hiern). [.Royena.

nodding, whitish, numerous, 1-} in. long; peduncles axillary,

slender, hairy, arching, 1-85-flowered, usually about as long as

the leaves; pedicels as long as or shorter than the common

peduncle; bracts lanceolate; calyx 5-partite, hairy, persistent,

11 in, long, slightly accrescent in fruit; segments lanceolate or

Janceolate-subulate, acute, erect; corolla urceolate-campanulate,

glabrous, 5-cleft nearly to the middle; lobes ovate-oblong, obtuse,

spreading or recurved; tube pentagonal; stamens usually 10,

bearded, oblong, about ,'; in. long, not always fertile; filaments

very short; glands about the base of the ovary very small;

ovary subglobose or ovoid-conical, nearly glabrous, 4-celled; style

bilobed, hairy below, together with the ovary about } in. long;

stigmas obtuse, emarginate ; fruit globose or oblong, thinly glandular-

pubescent, purple or reddish, 1—2 in. long; fruiting calyx subglabrate,

usually reflexed, 1-1 in. long; seed usually solitary, spheroidal,

black. Bery. Pl. Cap. 144; Thunb. Prodr. 80, and Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 390; Poir. Eneyel. vi. 322; Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. Martyn,

ii, part ii. n. 4; Burchell, Trav. S. Afr. i. 15, 19, 62, 124; Alph.

DC. Prodr. viii. 214; Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 88;

Parmentier in Ann. Univers. Lyon, vi. fasc. ii. 70; Drege, Zwei Pf.

Documente, 70, 71; 87, 101, 217; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 824.

Vaccinium pensylvanica, Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. viii. n. 3. V. pensyl-

vanicum, Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. ix. R. myrtifolia, Cels, Cat. 1817, 33 ;

Steud. Nomencl. Bot. ed. 1, 705, and ed. 2, ii. 475; Alph. DC. Lc.

215. R. falcata, E. Meyer ex Drige, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 115, 217 ;

Alph. DC., le. 211. R. hirsuta, Sieber, Fl, Cap. Exsicc. n. 94 ; not

of Linn., nor of Jacq., nor of Ecklon. Vitis Idea ethiopica Myrtinis

foliis flosculis dependentibus, Plukn. Almag. 391, and Phytogr. t. 321,

jig. 4. Vitis Idea exthiopica Buxi minoris folio floribus albis,

Commel. Hort, Amstelod. i. 125, t. 65. Vitis Idea foliis. angustis-

simis longis alternis, Linn, in Herb. Hort. Clif, % Buaus africana

folio oblongiort non serrato, Linn. in Herb. Gronov. Vitis Idxa

ethiopica seu africana Buxi minoris folio floribus albidis, J. Burm.

Oat. alt. Pl. Afric. 33.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Oldenburg, 495! Masson! Forster! Sieber,

94! Niven, 48! Herb. Linneus !

Coast Region: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Gift Berg, 1500-2500 ft., Drege!

Clanwilliam Div. ; Clanwilliam, Mader, 74! Piquetberg Div.; Verloren Valley,

Thunberg! Tulbagh Div.; near New Kloof, 1000 ft., MacOwan, Herb. Norm.

Aust.-Afr., 588! Worcester Div.; Brand Valley, within the influence of the

Hot-spring, Burchell. Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountain, Drége, Bolus, 2973! flats

near the Berg River, Drége! Paarl, Elliot! Cape Div. ; Table mountain and

other places around Cape Town, Burchell, 2! 808! Ecklon, 699! Zeyher! Mace-

Gillivray, 610! Krauss! Rehmann, 778! Wolley Dod, 2008! Caledon Div. ;

mountains near Genadendal, Drége ! Robertson Div. ; Kogmans Kloof, Kuntze;

Swellendam Diy.; by the Buffeljagts River, Burchell, 7288! Zeyher, 3349b ;

near Grootvaders Bosch, Zeyher, 3349a! Swellendam, Kuntze; Riversdale Div. ;

various localities, Burchell, 6788 ! 7186! 7208! George Div.; various localities,

Burchell, 5093! 5784! Bowie! Montagu Pass, Reimann, 157! 158! Knysna

Div. ; between Plettenbergs Bay and Knysna, Burchell, 5367 ! ‘

CentRAL ReGion: Calvinia Div.; Bokkeveld, near Groene River and Water-

val River, 2500-3000 ft., Drége !

Royena. | EBENACE® (Hiern). 459

The wood is light and porous, and is used for fuel.—Dr. Pappe.

15. R. parviflora (Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soe. xii. 88); a

large shrub, climbing ; branches terete ; young parts and inflorescence

softly, shortly and adpressedly pubescent ; leaves alternate, obovate,

rounded or very shortly and abruptly narrowed to the emarginate

apex, wedge-shaped at the base, membranous, or the smaller ones

subcoriaceous, green, glabrous, and inconspicuously veined above,

puberulous, somewhat paler and delicately veined beneath, 2-6} in.

long, 1-84 in. broad; petiole 1—2 in. long; cymes axillary on the

young shoots, 1—® in. long, 3-5-flowered; common peduncles 4—} in.

long ; lateral pedicels 1—1 in. long, with a narrow braet at the base

about as long as themselves; flowers hermaphrodite, small, creamy-

white, articulated at the base to the pedicel, depressedly conical, and

about + in. long and broad in the bud; calyx short, depressedly

hemispherieal, 5-fid, flat at the base, puberulous outside; lobes

deltoid ; corolla shortly pubescent outside except the overlapped sides

of the lobes, glabrous within, deeply 5-lobed ; lobes rounded, and

three times as long as the tube ; stamens 10, hairy, equal, inserted in

one row at the base of the corolla; ovary depressedly conical,

10-celled, shortly hairy; celis 1-ovuled ; style shortly hairy, 5-lobed

at the apex.

Eastern Reeion: Zululand; at Incansla, Gerrard, 2015!

16. R. glandulosa (Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 89,

t. 2); a large shrub, 8-10 ft. high ; branchlets patent or spreading ;

the young shoots, peduncles and fruit glandular-hispid, with jointed

hairs, subferruginous ; leaves alternate, oval or ovate, obtusely pointed

at the apex, rounded or obtuse at the base, thinly coriaceous or

firmly membranous, ciliate, somewhat pilose beneath, }~1 in. long,

11 in. broad; petiole hirsute, about ,; in. long ; flowers hermaphro-

dite, axillary on the young shoots, about } in. long, urceolate,

articulated to the peduncle, yellow, usually tetramerous, rarely

pentamerous ; peduncles spreading, 1-flowered, solitary, } in. long ;

calyx deeply lobed, pilose outside, pubescent within, accrescent

in fruit; lobes in flower lanceolate, acute, rather spreading, and

about 3 in. long; corolla urceolate, deeply lobed, glabrous except on

the minutely ciliate margin; lobes rounded and recurved above ;

stamens usually 8, inserted in one row at the base of the corolla,

short, equal, pilose, two of them opposite each lobe of the corolla ;

filaments short; ovary 8-celled, hairy on most parts; style hairy,

4-lobed and glabrous at the apex; fruit spheroidal, scarcely 3 in.

long by 3 in. thick; fruiting calyx loosely enclosing the fruit or

reflexed, deeply lobed, + in. long; lobes ovate-oblong, foliaceous,

reddish, and with about 8 inconspicuous nerves.

EAstERN RuGIon ; Natal; by the Tugela River, Gerrard, 1608! ~

17. R. pentandra (Giirke in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 61); a tree or

shrub ; branches spiny, short, nodose; bark grey-white ; leaves oppo-

460 EBENACEH (Hiern). [ Royena.

site, cuneate-obovate, obtuse or rounded at the apex, shortly petiolate,

entire, tolerably firm, scarcely coriaceous, dull-green and _ finely

pubescent above, canescent-velvety beneath, 14—2 in. long, $-14 in.

broad ; petiole 1-1 in. long; cymes lax, 6—8-flowered ; bracts lan-

ceolate-subulate, sessile, hairy, ,;-;', in. long; peduneles }—} in.

long, slender, pubescent; flowers hermaphrodite, pentamerous ; braets

lanceolate-subulate, sessile, hairy, j—;; in. long; calyx cup-shaped,

velvety outside, + in. long, or rather more; lobes short, spathulate,

and =4, in. broad; corolla twice as long as the calyx, finely hairy

outside, glabrous within ; lobes ovate, obtuse, and about 4} in. broad ;

tube about | in. long, or rather more, pilose both inside and out;

stamens 5, inserted about the top of the corolla-tube, alternating

with the lobes; filaments ,!; in. long; anthers linear, + in. long,

obtuse at the apex ; ovary conical, hairy, 2-celled ; style } in. long, or

rather more, bilobed at the apex ; lobes broadly oval and compressed ;

ovules solitary in the cells. Schinz § JSunod in Mém. Herb. Boiss.

x. 55.

Eastern ReGion: Delagoa Bay, Junod, 412!

Also in Tropical Africa.

Il. EUCLEA, Murr.

Flowers dicecious, or rarely polygamous, 4—7-merous, arranged in

axillary racemes or panicles. Calyx campanulate or cup-shaped, or

small and shallow, usually 4- or 5-cleft, not acerescent in fruit.

Corolla campanulate or hemispherical, or shortly oblong. Stamens

in the male flowers 10-30, usually 12-20, either free, or in pairs or

combined at the base of the filaments, in one or two rows inserted at

the base of the corolla, or around the base of the ovary; anthers

more or less hairy or glabrous, lanceolate or oblong, 2-celled, de-

hiscing laterally; filaments short, usually slender and glabrous;

ovary usually abortive or rudimentary ; styles 2 or 1. In the female

flowers staminodes usually obsolete, sometimes 2—4 and glabrous ;

anthers 0. Ovary ovoid or globular, hairy or glabrous, usually 4-

(rarely 2-) celled; styles 2, or 1 and bifid, or rarely 3; stigmas.

emarginate or bifid at the apex ; ovules solitary in the cells, pendulous.

Fruit globular, or rarely ovoid-conical, usually 1-celled and 1-seeded ;

pericarp fleshy; seeds globular, usually marked outside with three

longitudinal impressed lines; albumen usually with an intrusion

of the testa at the micropyle, distinctly ruminated in a few species ;

embryo somewhat curved, tending to be incumbent ; radicle superior,

about as long as the foliaceous eotyledons.

Shrubs or small trees with alternate or opposite or rarely verticillate leaves,

entire (except sometimes in E. ovata and E. coriacea), evergreen; periderm of

the stem usually arising from the pericycle.

Disrris. In addition to the following there are some Tropical African, and

one Arabian, species. Diospyros suberifolia, Deeaisne, a species supposed to be

Chilian, is Euclea suberifolia, Parment. in Ann. Univers. Lyon, vi. fase. ii. 62,

116, 142. :

Euclea is one of the characteristic genera of the Karroo region.

Euclea.| EBENACE® (Hiern). 461

Corolla shortly lobed :

Calyx cleft about half-way down :

Leaves oval or elliptic or obovate :

Stamens 20-30; male racemes 4-14 in.

long ; female racemes ;5-} in. long;

fruit globose <f Bt We

Stamens 16-18; male racemes short ; fe-

male racemes very short; fruit ovoid,

somewhat conical at the apex ... ... (2) tomentosa.

Leaves ovate... av oe ans ... (3) coriacea.

Leaves oblong-lanceolate rc sui ... (4) acutifolia.

Leaves linear-lanceolate or -oblanceolate ... (5) lancea,

Leaves linear :

Calyx pubescent ; flowers usually penta-

merous, rarely hexamerous are a

Calyx glabrous; flowers tetramerous,

rarely pentamerous et “se wos

Calyx shortly toothed ; leaves obovate or oblanceo-

late. . «.. tes “as ney as Bes te

Corolla cleft about half-way down or lower:

Leaves rather large, usually exceeding an inch, or

if small not strongly wavy :

Branches more or less pubescent, or if glabrous

not reddish :

Ovary hairy :

Calyx cleft about half-way down or

less, the tube in fruit not con-

solidated ; leaves lanceolate, elliptic

or ovate :

Male inflorescence racemose, 2—-9-

flowered : -

Leaves quite entire, obtuse

or subacute és

Leaves often crenulate, acute

or apiculate oP ... (10) ovata,

Male inflorescence many -flowered,

often compound :

Leaves opposite or sub-

opposite, narrowly elliptic,

glabrous or nearly so, some-

what glaucous... ... (11) Divinorum,

Leaves alternate or rarely

subopposite, oval, elliptic

or oblong, more or less

pubescent, not glaucous ... (12) multifiora.

Calyx deeply lobed, the tube in fruit

consolidated and articulate to the

pedicel; leaves obovate-oblong ... (13) natalensis.

Ovary glabrous :

Leaves obovate-oblong or oblanceo-

late, 14-4 in. long, 3-14 in. broad ;

petioles 4,-} in. long pe ... (14) macrophylla,

Leaves linear- or oblanceolate-oblong,

1-3 in. long, 3-4 in. broad, sub- :

sessile vin oi any ... (15) daphncides.

Branches glabrous, often reddish ee ... (16) racemosa.

Leaves small, usually about an inch long or less

and strongly wavy ... vis oki cas ... (17) undulata.

1. E. polyandra (E. Meyer ex Drége, Cat. Pl. Exsice. Afr. Austr.

(1) polyandra.

(6) Pseudebenus.

(7) linearis.

(8) Guerkei,

(9) lanceolata.

462 EBENACE® (Hiern). [Huwelea.

7); ashrub, 3-7 ft. high, or on mountain .sides 9-12 in. only,

pubescent, and often ferruginous, but sometimes glabrescent;

branches terete or subterete, alternate or subopposite, leafy, spreading

at an angle of 40-60°; leaves alternate or subopposite, entire, oval,

obtuse, and often subapiculate at the apex, somewhat wedge-shaped,

rounded, or rarely cordate at the base, eoriaceous, 1-3 in.

long, 3-1} in. broad; petiole ~,-1 in. long; flowers dicecious,

scented, white. Male cymes racemose, axillary, pubescent, 3-9-

flowered, usually drooping, 1-13 in. long; pedicels ,-1 in. long,

the lower ones the longer ; braets lanceolate, deciduous ; calyx hemi-

spherical, deeply 5—7-cleft, glabrous within, ;4,—;; in. long; lobes

deltoid, rounded, ovate or lanceolate; corolla urceolate, 1—1 in. long,

shortly 5-7-toothed ; stamens 20-30, more or less united at the base

in pairs or otherwise, hairy ; ovary more or less abortive; styles 2,

slender. Female cymes 3—5-flowered, axillary, pubescent or tomen-

tose, ;'5—} in. long, usually drooping; pedicels short; bracts deci-

duous ; calyx shorter than the corolla, 5—7-fid ; lobes ovate or deltoid ;

corolla ellipsoid, 4 in. long, shortly 5—7-toothed ; staminodes 0;

ovary ovoid-conical, 4-celled, hairy, ;4, in. long; ovules solitary ;

styles 2, short, glabrous above, level with the corolla-mouth ; stigmas

emarginate ; fruit usually solitary, oecasionally 2 or 3 together,

tomentose, usually ferruginous, globular, 1—1 in. in diameter, edible,

but not pleasant to the palate, l-celled, 1-seeded ; seed globular ;

albumen somewhat ruminated. Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. 216 under

HE. dregeana; Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 92.

Parmentier in Ann. Univ. Lyon, vi. fase. ii. 79; Drege,

Zwei Pfl. Documente, 78, 87, 184. Royena polyandra, Linn.

J. Suppl. Pl. 240; Poir. Encyel. vi. 822; Thunb. Prodr. 80, and

Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 391; non Willd. Herb. n. 8366! Diplonema

elliptica, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 42. Rymia polyandra, Endl. Cat.

Hort. Acad. Vindob. ii. 123. E. elliptica and E. dregeana, Alph.

DC. Prodr. viii. 216. EF. ferruginea, Bernh. ex Krauss in Flora,

1844, 825. Brachycheila pubescens, Harv. ex Drige in Linnea,

xx. 192. Huclea, 22, Droge, L.c.

Sour Arrica: without locality, Niven, 47! Alewander! Herb. Linneus !

Coast Reeion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Jackhals Vlei, Niven, 53! Malmesbury

Div.; near the Berg River, Thunberg / Masson! Tulbagh Div.; New Kloof,

Drége! near Tulbagh Waterfall, Ecklon SY Zeyher! Paarl Div. ; Paarl Mountain,

Drege ; Caledon Div.; Zwart Berg and near the Baths, -Zeyher, 3362! near

Hemel-en-Aarde, Zeyher, 3364! near Genadendal, 3030 ft., Schlechter, 9852!

Hermanus, Galpin, 4321! Vogel Gat, 500 ft., Schlechter, 10402! Robertson

Div. ; mountains near Montagu Bath, 2300 ft., Bolus, 6722! Riversdale Div. ;

Garcias Pass, Byrchell, 6941! mountains near Riversdale, Schlechter, 1975!

Uniondale Div. ; hill near Haarlem, Burchell, 4998! Humansdorp Div. ; be-

tween the Gamtoos and Leeuwenbosch Rivers, Burchell, 4807! near Kromme

River, Burchell, 4873! Uitenhage Div.; Van Stadens Mountains, Zeyher, 727!

3363 ! Winterhoek Mountains, Krauss! Witte Klip, JMacOwan, 1929! Alexandria

Div. ; hills of Quaggas Flats, Zeyher, 727!

This shrub is called ‘‘ Kersbosch” in Cape Colony, according to Thunberg.

2. E. tomentosa (E. Meyer ex Drage, Cat. Pl. Exsicc. Afr. Austr.

Euclea.] | EBENACE® (Hiern). 463

7); a shrub, about 4 ft. high or more; bark smooth, dusky ; branches

alternate, spreading, tomentose or glabrate ; branchlets erowded, ashy-

tomentose or puberulous, erect-patent, rigid, sometimes slightly

flexuous, leafy ; leaves alternate or subopposite, oval or elliptie or

obovate, rounded or obtusely narrowed or apiculate at the apex,

rounded or wedge-shaped at the base, erect-patent, coriaceous, rigid,

more or less tomentellous at least beneath, entire, flat, but

narrowly revolute alung the margin, 3-21 in. long, 8-14 in. broad;

petiole ,,-1 in. long, tomentellous; flowers dicecious, axillary.

Male racemes 5-8-flowered, very short, or much shorter than

the leaves; flowers tetramerous or pentamerous, subsessile, or on

short recurving pedicels, bracteolate; bracteoles concave, pubescent

on the back, glabrous on the face, often imbricate, deciduous, ,';—} in.

long, ;—} in. broad; calyx hirsute-tomentellous outside, glabrous

and shining within, deeply lobed, 1; in. long; lobes ovate or ovate-

deltoid ; corolla urceolate, 1—1 in. long, cleft less than half-way down,

more or less hairy outside at least above, glabrous within ; lobes

rounded ; stamens 16—18, free, or somewhat connate at the base,

qis-is in. long ; filaments unequal, {',-;); in. long, glabrous; anthers

very sparingly setulose, ,4,-3'5 in. long, sometimes in pairs; ovary

rudimentary, small, ovoid-conical, clotbed with whitish hairs ; styles

2, short, glabrous. Female racemes very dense and short, one- or

few-flowered, much shorter than the leaves, pendulous ; flowers

5—7-merous, =} in. long, subsessile, or on pedicels of ;;—;'; in.

long; bracteoles rounded or apiculate, short, broad, deciduous or

imbricate ; calyx tomentellous, deeply lobed, } in. long ; segments

ovate-acute or deltoid; corolla urceolate or campanulate, cleft less

than half-way down, 1— in, long; tube tomentellous outside, glabrous

within; lobes rounded, tomentellous on both sides ; staminodes 0;

ovary shortly ovoid-conical, tomentellous, ;5 in. long, 4-celled ;

Parmentier in Ann. Univ. Lyon, vi. fase. ii. 81. EH. kraussiana,

Bernh. ex Krauss in Flora, 1844, 824.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg ! Ecklon §* Zeyher!

Coast RecGion: Clanwilliam Div.; on send-hills near the Olifants River,

1000-1500 ft., Drége ! Blaauw Berg, 1000-2600 ft., Drége. Piquetberg Div. ;

flats between Twenty-four Rivers and Pikeniers Kloof, below 500 ft., Drége!

Malmesbury Div. ; Zwartland, Masson! hills near Moorreesburg, 600 ft., Bolus,

9972! Tulbagh Div. ; between Kasteels Kloof and New Kloof, Burchell, 987!

Cape Div. ; places at the foot of Koe Berg and Tiger Berg, Krauss, 1788 !

WESTERN REGION: Little Namaqualand; Modderfontein (Garies), 1500-—

2000 ft., Drége, Whitehead ! Ezels Fonteiu, Whitehead / near Spektakel, 3500 ft.,

Bolus, 9508! Zt

Called by the Boers ‘‘ Kersboschjes ”” and “ Jakhalsbosch.”’

8. E. coriacea (Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. 216); a shrub; branches

dense, strong, dusky-ashy ; branchlets slightly pubescent ; leaves alter-

464 EBENACE® (Hiern). | Huclea,

nate, strongly wavy, entire or obseurely crenulate, ovate, more or less

acute or apiculate at the apex, broad and subcordate at the base,

coriaceous, pubescent, or nearly glabrescent, 1-2 in. long, 3-1} in.

broad ; veins inconspicuous and pallid above, dully marked beneath ;

petiole ranging up to 1 in. long; flowers dicecious; bracts ovate,

small, deciduous. Male cymes 1—5-flowered, rather dense, much

shorter than the leaves ; pedicels about as long as the flowers, 3—} in.

long; calyx deeply 5- or 6-fid ; lobes ovate, acute ; corolla urceolate,

four times the length of the calyx, shortly 5- or 6-lobed at the apex ;

stamens 16-22, sometimes in pairs ; anthers linear-lanceolate, silky at

the back; ovary rudimentary. Female cymes 3-—7-flowered, very

short; pedicels ranging up to +5 in. long; fruiting ealyx 5- or 6-fid,

nearly flat, stellate, + in. in diam.; lobes ovate, or lanceolate and

acute; fruit globose, 1-2 in, in diam., subglabrate or minutely

puberulous, 1-celled, 1-seeded; seed subglobose, about } in. in

diam., marked outside with impressed curved lines; albumen

somewhat ruminated. Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 94,

289. Euclea n. 9140, H. Meyer ex Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente,

48, 184. Royena n. 9140, Drige ex Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. 216.

Coast Recion: Queenstown Div.; Table Mountain, 6000-7000 ft., Drége,

9140!

CentraL Recion: Graaff Reinet Div. ; Oude Berg, near Graaff Reinet,

4500 ft., Bolus, 638!

4, E. acutifolia (E. Meyer ex Droge, Cat. Pl. Exsice. Afr. Austr.

7); ashrub; branches lax, glabrous or glabrescent; leaves alternate

or subopposite, entire, oblong-lanceolate, acute and apiculate at the

apex, wedge-shaped at the base, erect or ascending, coriaceous, some-

times subfaleate, glabrous, subglaucescent beneath, 11-2} in. long,

about 1—1 in. broad ; nerves not very distinctly marked ; petiole 3'5—-$

in. long; flowers dicecious. Male fluwers unknown. Female cymes

racemose, } in. long, 3—7-flowered; pedicels shortly hairy, about

Lin. long; flowers 2 in. long, pubescent, 5-7-merous ; calyx short,

deeply cleft ; corolla cylindrical-urceolate, shortly lobed at the apex ;

ovary densely pilose ; styles 2, erect, glabrous ; stigmas dilated ; fruit

globose, glabrescent, finely wrinkled, dusky, }—} in. in diam. ; fruiting

calyx 2 in. in diam., adpressed to the base of the fruit, glabrescent ;

seed about 1 in. in diam., dusky, the surface unequally divided by .

three impressed lines; albumen slightly ruminated. Drige, Zwei

Pfl. Doewmente, 104, 109, 184; Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. 217 ; Hiern

in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 94.

Coast Recion : Clanwilliam Div.; hills between Lange Valley and Olifants

River, 1000-1500 ft., Drége! Piquetberg Div.; on the flats between Twenty-

four River und Pikeniers Kloof, below 500 ft., Drége ! Tulbagh Div. ; Tulbagh

(New) Kloof, &e., Ecklon & Zeyher ! Humansdorp and Uitenhage Divs. ; between

Kromme River and Uitenhage, Ecklon §° Zeyher !

5, E. lancea (Thunb. Prodr. 85) ; a glabrous or subglabrous shrub,

erect, 3-8 ft. high; branches densely intricate, alternate, terete,

Euclea.| EBENACE# (Hiern). 465

erect-patent, leafy; leaves alternate, entire, subsessile, linear-

lanceolate or -oblanceolate, unequal, lower obtuse, upper acute

at the apex, attenuate at the base, rigidly coriaceous, somewhat

glaucescent, 2-2 in. long, about 1-1 in. broad, sides often un-

equal, net-veins inconspicuous; flowers in short axillary cymes,

nearly glabrous or puberulous, urceolate or ovoid or eampanulate,

s—7 in. long, ;';—-} in. broad, dioecious. Male cymes 1—% in. long,

3—5-flowered ; pedicels 1-1 in. long, minutely puberulous; bracts

very small, ovate-deltvid, deciduous ; calyx small, cupuliform, ;';—;'5

in. in diam., shortly 5- or 6-fid, glabrous within ; lobes ovate-deltoid ;

corolla shortly 5- or 6-toothed at the apex, glabrous within ; stamens

15-22, inserted at the bottom of the corolla, some united at the base

in pairs one in front of the other, others free; styles 2, glabrous ;

ovary rudimentary. Female cymes very short, 1—3-flowered ; pedicels

very short ; calyx shortly 5- or 6-cleft ; corolla shortly 5- or 6-lobed ;

staminodes 0; ovary 3-celled, shortly pubescent; styles 3, short,

glabrous ; fruit subglobose, nearly glabrous, 1-1 in. in diam. ; seed

solitary. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 401; Alph. DC. Prodr.

viii. 219; Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 95, 289.

Ei. rigida, E. Meyer ex Drege, Cat. Pl. Exsicc. Afr. Austr. 7; Alph.

DC. Prodr, viii. 217; Hiern, lc. 289; Drege, Zwei Pfl. Documente,

67, 71, 95, 184.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg! Masson !

Coast Region : Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; Gift Berg, 1500-2500 ft., Drége.

Western Region: Little Namaqualand; between Uitkomst and Geelbeks

Kraal, 2000-3000 ft., Drége ; mountains near Kaspars Kloof, Elleboog Fontein,

and Geelbeks Kraal, 3000-4000 ft., Drege! between Pedros Kloof and Lily

Fontein, 3000-4000 ft., Drége ! Kamies Berg, by rivulets, Niven, 46!

6. E. Pseudebenus (E. Meyer ex Drege, Cat. Pl. Exsicc. Afr.

Austr. 7) ; a shrub 4-8 ft. high, or a tree much branched throughout ;

trunk 10-12 in. in diam. ; branchlets slender, pubescent or glabrescent,

leafy; bark thin; periderm subepidermal ; leaves alternate, entire,

linear, narrowed at both ends, coriaceous, glabrous or puberulous,

l-nerved, moderately reticulate, 1-21 in. long, ;—-} in. broad ;

petiole ,-+ in. long; cymes racemose, axillary, shorter than

the leaves, pubescent; flowers diccious. Male racemes 1-1 in.

long, 3—7-flowered ; pedicels slender, ;1,-} in. long; flowers ;';—+

in. long, usually pentamerous, rarely hexamerous, calyx pubes-

cent, about half the length of the corolla, cleft half-way down ;

lobes ovate-deltoid ; corolla globose-urceolate, shortly lobed, rather

fleshy, white, hoary-tomentose outside; stamens 12-20, inserted at

the bottom of the corolla; anthers erect, hirsute or glabrous ; fila-

ments short; pistil obsolete. Female racemes very short, }—1 in.

long, 1-3-flowered ; pedicels ,,—1 in. long; flowers 1-} in. long,

pentamerous ; calyx shortly 5—6-lobed ; corolla urceolate-subglobose,

very densely hirsute outside, slightly hairy inside about the throat,

otherwise glabrous, with very short, broad obtuse lobes ; staminodes

0; ovary sessile, globose, densely shaggy, 4-celled ; styles 2, glabrous ;

ovules solitary ; fruit globose, glabrescent, 1-1 in. in diam., black-

VOL. IV.—SECT. I. : Hh

4.66 EBENACER (Hiern). [ Zuclea.

bluish, drupaceous, a little juicy, edible, sweet and slightly astrin-

gent ; seeds solitary, marked with three depressed lines. Drege, Zwet

Pfl. Documente, 93, 184; Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. 217; Hiern in

Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 95, 289; Hiern in Oliver, Fl. Trop.

Afr. iti. 512; Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 647. E. angustifolia,

Benth. in Hook. Niger kl. 441. Diospyros Pseudebenus, E. Meyer

sec. Parment. in Ann. Univ. Lyon, vi. fase. ii. 81.

Western ReGion : Great Namaqualand; Gubub, Schinz. Little Namaqua-

land ; by the lower part of the Orange River, below £00 ft., Drége! Atherstone,

2! Schenck, and without precise locality, Wyley ! Whitehead !

It occurs also in South-west Tropical Africa, The heart-wood is extremely

hard and black. It is known by the names of Orange River ebony, sneezewood,

and zwartebbenhout. This valuable tree, though it does not grow very high,

attains a diameter of from 10 to 12 inches and more; it has a very thin bark,

and its jet-black hard and durable wood is very beautiful; Dr. Livingstone sent

large circular specimens from the interior to the South African Museum (Pappe,

Silva capensis, ed, ii. 26).

7. E. linearis (Zeyh. in Linnwa xx. 192, without description) ; a

quite glabrous and somewhat glaucous shrub, 23~3 ft. high, much

branched ; branchlets leafy, slender; leaves alternate, opposite or

subopposite, entire, linear, acutely or obtusely narrowed at the apex,

more or less wedge-shaped at the subsessile or sessile base, often

somewhat faleate, coriaceous, minutely gland-dotted, 1—23 in. long,

5-1 in. broad; cymes racemose, 3-7-flowered; bracts linear,

acute, small ; flowers dicecious, tetramerous, or rarely pentamerous.

Male racemes 1—3 in. long, usually drooping; pedicels 4-5 1.

long; calyx short, about =}, in. in diam., cleft about half-way down

with broad lobes; corolla shortly tubular, shortly lobed, ;'5 in. long ;

stamens usually 12-16, subglabrous; ovary rudimentary, slightly

hairy ; styles 1 or 2. Female racemes +—,', in. long ; calyx campanu-

late, ;';—,'5 in. long; lobes rather shorter than the tube, from a

broad base dentiform ; corolla openly campanulate, shortly cleft,

31; in. long; lobes spreading, oval or ovate; staminodes 0; ovary

ellipsoidal, hairy, 4-celled ; styles 2, thick, glabrous ; fruit subglobose,

2 in. in diam.; seed solitary, about tin. in diam. Hiern in Trans.

Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 96; Parmentier in Ann. Univ. Lyon, vi. fase.

ii. 77.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Masson !

Coast Reeion: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Windhoek, Zeyher, 1125! Cianwilliam

Div.; Lange Kloof, 600-700 ft., Schlechter, 8044!

8. E.Guerkei (Hiern) ; shrubby, glabrate, except on the puberulous

extremities and infloreseence ; branchlets smooth, dusky, leafy ; leaves

alternate, or the upper subopposite, obovate or oblanceolate or some-

times subelliptic, rounded, or very obtuse at the apex, more or less

wedge-shaped at the base, dark green, delicately veined and net-

veined above, pale but marked with dark and delicate veins and

reticulation beneath, entire, nearly flat, except the narrowly revolute

margin, 4-2 in. long, 1-5 in. broad ; petiole ;!,—} in. long ; flowers

dicecious. Female cymes axillary, 1—} in. long, puberulous, or nearly

Euclea.| EBENACES (Hiern). 467

glabrous, 3-5-flowered ; pedicels short, or very short; eommon

peduncle }—{ in. long, arising from the upper axils, often at length

recurved ; flowers ;",—;'; in. long, tetramerous or pentamerous; calyx

subhemispherical, 5,5 in. long, ;!; in. in diam., ciliolate, otherwise

nearly glabrous, shortly toothed ; corolla about 5, in. long, tubular-

urceolate, nearly glabrous, but with short scattered pallid hairs out-

side, glabrous within, shortly lobed; lobes rounded; staminodes 0;

ovary subglobose, hairy ; ovules 4; style thick, glabrous, as long as

the ovary, 4-cleft, deciduous. Male flowers and fruit not seen.

Katauart Reaion: Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Rustplaats Farm, Wilms,

916!

Eastern Reeion: Natal; between Pietermaritzburg and Greytown, Wilms,

1923! (doubtful).

9. E. lanceolata (E. Meyer ex Droge, Cat. Pl. Exsice. Afr. Austr.

7); an evergreen shrub, 1 ft. high and upwards, or a tree reaching

20-25 ft., with a trunk 10-15 in. in diam. ; branches rigid, opposite or

alternate, or occasionally ternate or quaternate, sometimes virgate or

tortuous, or rarely thorny, pubescent or glabrescent or lepidote, some-

times resinous, leafy ; leaves opposite or alternate, lanceolate or ovate

or narrowly oval, obtuse or subacute at the apex, obtuse or narrowed

at the base, pubescent or glabrous and glossy, often lepidote when

young, coriaceous, wavy or nearly flat, entire, sometimes glaucescent,

usually paler beneath, 1-3 in. long, 5-143; in. broad, occasionally

smaller, those near the base of the stem sometimes two or three

times broader than the upper; petiole ;—1 in. long; cymes

axillary, racemose; bracts small or foliaceous; flowers dicecious,

white, or whitish-reddish or yellowish. Male racemes 1-1 in.

long, 3-10-flowered ; pedicels 4,8, in. long; flowers tetramerous

or occasionally pentamerous, 1—? in. long; calyx broadly campanulate,

cleft about half-way down, ;!;-;!; in. long; lobes deltoid; corolla

campanulate, deeply cléft, somewhat pubescent outside, ;%,—,%; in.

long; lobes rather spreading, ovate or oval; stamens usually about

16, rarely 8-10, inserted mostly in pairs at or near the base of the

corolla, 5-3 in. long; filaments glabrous, ;),—;); in. long; anthers

lanceolate, pilose towards the apex, turgid, —s'5 in. long; ovary

rudimentary, hirsute ; styles 2, glabrous. Female racemes 1—} in.

long, 3-7-flowered ; pedicels j,— > in. long ; flowers tetramerous or

pentamerous, whitish-reddish or whitish, about 4 in. long; pedicels

20-15 in, long, the lateral opposite; bracteoles linear-lanceolate,

shortly pubescent, about 1; in. long ; calyx cleft about half-way

down, 5; in. long, not accrescent, pubescent ; lobes deltoid ; corolla

deeply cleft ; staminodes 0; ovary subglobose, clothed with short

erect hairs, 4-celled ; styles 2, glabrous; fruit pisiform, pubescent or

glabrate, reddish or dark-purple or yellowish, edible, 1-celled, +—+ in.

in diam., or rather larger ; seed solitary, globose ; testa intruded some

distance into the albumen, blackish. Drege, Cat. Sidafr. Pf. 9,

and Zwei Pfl. Documente, 48, 124, 131, 134, 142, 145,184; Alph.

De. Prodr. viii. 218; Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 97,

Hh 2

468 EBENACE® (Hiern). [ Huclea.

and in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. iii. 512, and Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 648 ;

Parmentier in Ann. Univ. Lyon, vi. fase. ii. 77; Krauss in Flora,

1844, 824; Sim, Sketch Fl. Kafraria, 54. H. Desertorum, and

E. humilis, Eckl. & Zeyh. ex Drégein Linnea, xx.192. LE. rufescens,

Drige, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 62, not 57, nor 130. H. ovata, var.

glabra, Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. 218. E. ochrucarpa E. Meyer ex

Drige, Zwei Pf. Documente, 70, 184; Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. EYE

E. lanceolata, 8. glabrescens, Alph. DC.,Prodr, viii. 218.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Masson! Mund! Bowie! Zeyher, 3355!

Coast Rearon, 200-4000 ft.: Knysna Div.; Ruigte Valley, Drege, near the

west end of Groene Valley, Burchell, 5648! Uniondale Div.; Long Kloof,

Burchell, 4938! Ecklon § Zeyher! Humansdorp Div. ; near Kromme River,

Burchell, 4880! Uitenhage Div.; Addo, Drége ! between Enon and the Zuurberg

Range, Drége ! Van Stadens Mountains, Zeyher, 575! 690! MacOwan, 1931!

Zeyher, 3357! between the Coega and Zwartkops Rivers, Zeyher, 3359! hills

between the Zwartkops and Sunday Rivers, Zeyher, 1125! Albany Div. ; Assegai

Bosch, Baur, 1094! Bothas Berg, MacQwan, Y02! and without precise locality,

Williamson! Queenstown Div.; mountain at Bowkers Park, Galpin, 2567!

hills near Klipplaat River, Drége. King Williamstown Div. ; between Buffalo

River and Yellowwood River, Drége! Perie Bush, Hutchins in Herb. Scolt-

Elliot, 948!

CenTRAL Rueron, 2000-5000 ft. : Calvinia Div.; between Grasberg River and

Waterval River, Drége ! Somerset Diy.; Bruintjes Hoogte, MacOwan, 1740!

near the Brak River, Krauss, 1796. Beaufort West Div.; Nieuwveld, near

Beaufort West, Drege.

Katanart ReGion: Basutoland; Cooper, 3464! 3481! Transvaal ; Magalies

Berg, Burke, 379! Zeyher, 1123! near Middelburg, Wilms, 218! Aapies Poort,

Pretoria, Rehmann, 4210! 4214! 4216! Bosch Veld, Menaars Farm, Rehmann,

4857! near Johannesburg, Rand, 1107!

Eastern Recion: Transkei; near Gekau (Geua) River, Drége! Kreilis

Country, Bowker, 324! Natal; Inanda, Wood, 394! Umhlanga, Wood, 1416!

by the Tugela River, Gerrard, 1155! 1605! Mooi River, Gerrard, 1156 ! Nonoti

River, Gerrard, 33! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 528 !

It occurs also in Tropical Africa, Sim, F/. Kaffr. 54, marks this species as a

forest tree reserved by Government, and as a plant of known or reputed medicinal

value. He quotes, as Dutch and Kaffir names for it, ‘‘ Bosch quarre,” ‘‘ um-

Gwali,” “ isyezalokuxaxazisa.” It is called ‘‘Omgwali” by the Kaffirs (Dr.

ts The wood is dark in colour and heavy, and is used for yokes, triggers,

This is.a very variable species, and in some cases is difficult to distinguish from

E. ovata, Burch,

10. E. ovata (Burchell, Trav. S, Afr. i. 387); a densely branched

and leafy shrub, with the habit of a myrtle, 3-7 ft. high, pubescent,

subferruginous, or sometimes glabrescent ; foliage like that of box ;

leaves opposite or alternate, elliptic or narrowly ovate, acute or

apiculate, and obtuse at the apex, mostly obtuse at the base,

coriaceous, rigid, rather thick, flat or wavy, minutely crenulate,

or quite entire, 1-2 in. long, 3-1 in. broad; petioles y'5-s ™-

long; cymes axillary, 3~7-flowered, racemose, %,-% in. long, at

length drooping ; pedicels ,4,-3 in. long; bracts lanceolate, small,

deciduous ; flowers dicicious or subhermaphrodite, tetramerous, OF

occasionally pentamerous, pubescent, ;!,—1 in. long, the female flowers

nodding ; calyx hemispherical, shortly cleft, j5-y'5 in. long ; lobes

Euclea. | EBENACE® (Hiern). 469

deltoid ; corolla campanulate, cleft half-way down or more, twice as

long as the calyx, greenish or whitish-herbaceous ; lobes broadly

ovate or rounded and apiculate, recurved at the apex; stamens 16 or

20-22 in the male flowers, about 12 in the subhermaphrodite, none

in the female ; filaments short, slender, glabrous; anthers lan-

ceolate, shortly hairy ; ovary shortly conical or ovoid, hairy, 2—4-

celled ; styles 2, or rarely 3, bifid at the apex, glabrous; stigmas

trifid, but little exserted ; ovules usually 4; fruit globose, dusky

or brown, about + in. in diam., at first pubescent, at length glabrate,

edible, the flesh somewhat astringent; seed solitary, comparatively

large, sometimes with vestiges of 2 or 3 abortive ovules. Alph.

DC. Prodr. viii. 218; Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soe. xii.

98; Parmentier in Ann. Univ. Lyon, vi. fase. ii. 78. Celastrus

crispus, Thunb.in Hoffm. Phytogr. Blitt. (i.) 23, and in Roemer,

Archiv. Botanik, iii. 429; DC. Prodr. ii.5; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult, 217. H. rufescens, E. Meyer ex Drége, Cat. Pl. Exsice.

Ajr.-Austr. 7, and ex Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 57,

130, 184, not 62. Royena rufescens, EH. Meyer ex Drige, Zwei

Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 154, 217. E. ovata, B. hispida, Alph.

DU. Prodr, viii, 218. E. crispa, Giirke in Engl. & Prantl, Pflan-

zenfam. iv. i. 158. EH. ovata, forma undulata, Marloth in Engl.

Jahrb. x. 243.

Soutnu Arrica: without locality, Thunberg.

Coast Reeion : Uitenhage Div.; near the mouth of the Zwartkops River,

below 500 ft., Drége.

Centrat Reeion: Richmond Div.; Winterveld, near Limoen Fontein and

Table Mountain, 3000-4000 ft., Drege! Graaff Reinet Div.; mountains near

Graaff Reinet, 3500-3700 ft., Burchell, 2920! Bolus, 572! and in Herb. Norm.

Austr.-Afr., 1812! Somerset Div.; upper part of Bruintjes Hoogte, Burcheli,

8058-1! 3058-2! 3102!

Kananart Reetion: Griqualand West, Hay Div. ; between Griqua Town and

Spuigslang Foutein, Burchell, 1706! Bechuanaland; near the sources of

Kuruman River, and between them and Kosi Fontein, Burchell, 2542! 2487/2!

2487/7! Orange River Colony; between Kimberley and Boshof, 4200 ft.,

Marloth, 795. Bloemfontein, Kuntze, ‘Transvaal; Houtbosch, Rehmann,

EasteRN ReGion: Pondoland or Natal; between Umtentu River and

Umzimkulu River, below 500 ft., Drége !

E. ovata, y, glabra, Alph. DC., l.c., is better referred to E. lanceolata, E.

Meyer ; it was founded on E. rufescens, Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,

62, not 57; 180.

The species varies considerably in the shape of its leaves and in the amount

of its pubescence ; according to Dr. Bolus, the plant becomes more glabrous as

the season advances and the fruit ripens. This, as well as the other species of

the genus which bear edible fruits, is called ‘‘ Guarri” by the Hottentots.

11. E. Divinorum (Hiern in Trans, Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 99) ;

a dense shrub, or small tree, nearly glabrous, somewhat glaucous ;

branches rather slender ; branchlets leafy ; leaves opposite or sub-

Opposite, narrowly elliptic, obtusely narrowed at the apex, wedge-

470 EBENACEZ (Hiern). | Huclea.

shaped at the base, coriaceous, green-glaucescent above, paler or

slightly reddish and minutely glandular-pulverulent beneath, wavy

on the margin, entire, inconspicuously veined, 13-3 in. long, 2—4 in.

broad; petioles 1—1 in. long; flowers dicecious, white. Male cymes

axillary, puberulous, 1—2 in. long, 7—16-flowered, sessile or sub-

sessile, in somewhat compound or simple racemes ; pedicels ;};—} in.

long, spreading, mostly opposite and decussate; bracts very short,

caducous; flowers spheroidal in the bud, + in. long, 2 in. thick,

hemispherical when expanded, 4—5-merous; calyx short, shortly

lobed, =}; in. in diam., minutely glandular outside ; lobes depressedly

ovate-triangular ; corolla cleft more than half-way down, shortly and

sparingly hairy outside, glabrous or subglabrous within; stamens

12-17, inserted at the base of the corolla singly, or some in pairs,

qig-a's in. long; anthers somewhat hairy; filaments short, or very

short, glabrous ; ovary rudimentary, consisting of a bunch of pallid

hairs. Female flowers tetramerous, 1, in. long ; calyx hemispherical,

sig in. in diam.; corolla campanulate, deeply lobed, slightly hairy

outside ; ovary hairy. Hiern in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. iii. 513.

KALAHARI ReGion: Transvaal; by the Crocodile River, near Lauws Creek,

1400 ft., Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 1311!

Eastern ReGion: Delagoa Bay, Forbes, 56!

Also in Tropical Africa.

12. E. multiflora (Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 100,

t. 3); ashrub or small tree, with the habit of a laurel and the

branches usually subferruginously pubescent, sometimes subglabrous,

or even subglaucous, leafy, 2-15 ft. high; leaves alternate or rarely

subopposite, oval, elliptie or oblong, usually rounded or obtusely

narrowed at the apex, but sometimes apiculate, narrowed or rounded

at the base, coriaceous, wavy or flat at the narrowly revolute

margins, entire, evergreen, 1-4 in. long, 1-12 in. broad; vena-

tion not very conspicuous ; petioles 1—1 in, long ; flowers usually dia-

eious, occasionally hermaphrodite, 4—6-merous, greenish or sulphur-

yellow, 1—1 in. long; cymes axillary, usually paniculate, 10—30-

flowered, 1-12 in. long, pubescent, subsessile ; pedicels spreading or

drooping, shorter than or as long as the flowers ; bracts small, pointed,

deciduous ; calyx campanulate or hemispherical, ;';-7'5 in. long,

pubescent, cleft about half-way down; lobes ovate or deltoid,

obtuse ; corolla about twice as long as the calyx, deeply lobed ;

lobes oval or oblong, glabrous, or with a few hairs; stamens

erect, shorter than the corolla, four times as many as the corolla-

lobes in the male or hermaphrodite flowers, none in the female ;

anthers pallid, dehiseing on each side from the apex, subglabrous or

hairy above ; filaments glabrous, short, and inserted in pairs at the

base of the corolla or around the ovary; ovary in the male flowers

abortive, in the female or hermaphrodite flowers globose, densely

hairy, 2- or 4-celled; styles 2, short, rather thick, spreading, glabrous

or with a few hairs ; stigmas obtuse ; ovules solitary ; fruit at first

usually ferruginously pubescent, subsequently dusky and glabrate,

Huclea. | EBENACE# (Hiern). 471

globose, + in. in diam., 1-celled, 1-seeded ; embryo curved and tend-

ing to be incumbent. Hiern in Oliv. FI. Trop. Afr. iti. 513; Hiern,

Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 649; Parmentier in Ann, Univ, Lyon, vi.

fase. ii. 78; Giirke in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. i. 159,

jig. 85, A—C. Diospyros sp., Salt, Trav. Abyss. 14.

Compare with this species Kiggelaria integrifolia, Jacq. Collect. ii.

296, and Ic. Pl. Rar.ii. 19, t. 628, not of Eckl. §& Zeyh., nor of Drége.

E. pubescens, Eckl. & Zeyh, ex Drege in Linnea, xx. 192 (without

description).

South AFRICA: without locality, Wallich! Verreaux ! Harvey!

Coast Reaion: Clanwilliam Div.; Modder Fontein, 1000 ft., Schlechter,

7971! Cederberg Range, 2000-5000 ft., Ecklon & Zeyher! Tulbagh Div.;

mountains near Tulbagh Waterfall, 1500 {t., Bo/us, 5387 ! Humansdorp Div. ;

between ‘wee Fontein and Essenbosch, Burchell, 4835! Uitenhage Div. ; by

the Coega and Zwartkops Rivers, Ecklon §° Zeyher! Addo hills, Zeyher, 767 !

3361! Albany Div.; Bushmans River, Ecklon §- Zeyher, 778! near Grahams-

town, Burchell, 8572! MacOwan, 244! Howisons Poort, Hutton! between

Tea Fontein and Kurukuru River, Burchell, 3510! and without precise locality,

Miss Bowker! Bathurst Div.; near Port Alfred, Burchell, 3980! British

Kaffraria, Cooper, 44!

Karanari Reeion: Basutoland; (doubtful) Cooper, 3488 !

Eastern Reaion: Natal; near Durban, Gerrard, 699! by the coast, Mrs.

K. Saunders !

Also in Tropical Africa,

13. E. natalensis (Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. 218); a shrub, 2-10 ft.

high or more ; branches glabrate, dusky ; branchlets puberulous at

the apex, leafy ; leaves alternate, obovate-oblong, rounded or obtuse

at the apex, wedge-shaped at the base, coriaceous, glabreseent, dark

green and somewhat glossy above, paler or slightly reddish beneath,

wavy or nearly plane on the narrowly revolute margin, not very

conspicuously veined, 2-4 in. long, 1-14 in. broad ; petioles {—} in.

long ; cymes axillary, 1-1 in. long, racemose or paniculate, 8- to

many-flowered, shortly pubescent ; pedicels very short or about as

long as the flowers, dilated upwards in fruit to the articulation with

the consolidated tube of the calyx ; bracts small, deciduous ; flowers

4-5-merous, 1—1 in. long, dicecious or hermaphrodite, yellow ; calyx

deeply lobed, about or less than half the length of the corolla,

shortly hairy in flower, glabrescent in fruit; lobes ovate or lanceolate,

acute or pointed; corolla deeply lobed, nearly or quite glabrous ;

segments at length spreading in a stellate manner, ovate-oblong,

obtuse ; stamens 16; anthers more or less hispid ; filaments glabrous,

short or very short; in the female and hermaphrodite flowers the

ovary hirsute, subglobose, 4-celled; styles 2, slender, glabrous ;

fruit globose, dusky, subglabrous, 1—} in, in diam., 1-celled ; seed

solitary, globose, black, marked outside with three longitudinal lines ;

albumen somewhat ruminated. Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc.

xii. 101. E. macrophylla, Drige, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 159, not

133 nor 146. Royena macrophylla, E. Meyer ex Alph. DC. Prodr.

Vili. 215, 218. ‘

KALAwARI Region; Transvaal; hill-sides near Barberton, 2200 ft., Galpin,

’

472 EBENACE® (Hiern). [ Huclea,

EASTERN Recion: Natal; woods near Durban, Drége ! Wood, 363! on the

Bluff, Durban Bay, Cooper, 2794! Groen Berg, Wood, 953! The Creek, Wood,

1014! and without precise locality, Peddie ! Cooper, 1253! 2695! Gueinzius !

Williamson! Gerrard, 92! Delagoa Bay, Junod, 460. Between Lourengo

Marques and Matolla, Bolus, 7845! 7846!

It is called ‘‘ Nhlangulane ” at Delagoa Bay (Schinz and Junod in Mém., Herb.

Boiss. x. 55).

14. EF. macrophylla (E. Meyer ex Drége, Cat. Pl. Exsicc. Afr.

Austr. 7) ; a glabrous or subglabrous shrub or low tree of 15 ft.;

branches nodose, rarely somewhat pubescent; branchlets leafy, often

verticillate three together, bark grey, smooth; leaves opposite or

verticillate three together, obovate-oblong or oblanceolate, rounded

at the apex, wedge-shaped at the base, rigidly coriaceous, dark green

and glossy or reddish-brown above, paler and dull beneath, wavy or

flat along the margin, entire, 11-4 in. long, -1} in. broad; lateral

veins delicate ; petioles »j-1 in. long; racemes axillary, 5-15-

flowered, 3-1} in. long; pedicels 4:1 in. long, often opposite ;

flowers dicecious, tetramerous. Male flowers about 1 in. long;

calyx cleft half-way down, 1, in. in diam.; lobes deltoid and

pointed; corolla urceolate or campanulate, cleft half-way down,

sparingly pilose outside or subglabrous; lobes obtuse and mucronate ;

stamens 4-16; anthers subsessile, hairy towards the apex; ovary

rudimentary. Female flowers ~,-1 in. long; calyx about =; in,

long, cleft nearly half-way down; lobes shortly deltoid, pointed,

subglabrous; corolla urceolate, cleft about half-way down, sub-

glabrous; lobes rounded ; staminodes 0; ovary glabrous, usually 4-

(rarely 6-) celled, often only 2-celled in the upper part, rounded or

obtusely conical ; cells l-ovuled ; styles 2 or rarely 3, as long as the

ovary or shorter, bifid at the apex; stigmas obtuse ; fruit slightly

apiculate, about + in, in diam., minutely glandular. Alph. DC.

Prodr, viii. 218 ; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 133, 146,

not 159 ; Drege, Cat. Siidafr. Pf. 9 ; Hiern in Trans, Cambr. Phil.

Soc, xii. 102 ; Parmentier in Ann. Univers. Lyon, vi. fase. ii. 75;

Krauss in Flora, 1844, 824,

South Arrica: without locality, Masson !

Coast Rreion: Humansdorp Div. ; Zitzikamma Forest, Krauss, 1765. Div. ?

MacOwan, 51? Uitenhage Div.; in woods at Enon, Drége! Albany Diy.;

Grahamstown, Atherstone, 461!

KatawaRi Ree@ion: ‘Transvaal; Kaap Valley, near Barberton, 2000 ft.,

Galpin, 1329!

Eastern Recion: Transkei ; between Gekau (Geua) River and Bashee

River, 1000-2000 ft., Drége! Natal; Tugela River, Gerrard, 1604! (doubtful),

near Durban, McKen, 673! Pondoland; valleys between Umtata River and St.

Johns River, 1000-2000 ft., Drége.

The last station is implied by Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 184,

letter c; but the name of the species does not occur among those mentioned

under the station on the place referred to by Drége [p. 150].

According to a note of Atherstone the ovary has frequently only two cells at

the upper part in consequence of the dissepiments being incomplete.

15, E. daphnoides (Hiern in Trans, Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 102) ;

Euclea.| EBENACES (Hiern). 473

a glabrous, usually shining shrub of 2—7 ft. or more, or a low tree,

sometimes thorny; branches ashy; branchlets numerous, alternate,

opposite or subvertieillate, leafy; bark white; leaves alternate,

opposite or verticillate three together, linear- or oblanceolate-oblong,

rounded or obtuse at the apex, wedge-shaped at the subsessile thickly

articulate base, often suberect, rigidiy coriaceous, flat or somewhat

wavy on the narrowly revolute margin, entire, 1-3 in. long, 2—} in.

broad ; racemes axillary, shorter than the leaves, 2-11 in. long,

spreading or drooping, 9-21-flowered; flowers dioecious or sub-

hermaphrodite, whitish or yellowish ; pedicels ,);—1 in. long. Male

fiowers tetramerous, nearly glabrous, 3 in. long; calyx cleft half-way

down, short; corolla campanulate, cleft nearly half-way down;

lobes rounded, erect; stamens 12-16, glabrous below; ovary rudi-

mentary, glabrous. Female flowers 4—5-merous, numerous, glabrous,

7's in. long; calyx {5 in. long, cleft half-way down; corolla openly

campanulate, =’; in. long, cleft nearly half-way down ; lobes obtuse ;

staminodes 0 or 4 or 8, glabrous, very short ; ovary ovoid, glabrous, ,}-

in. long, 4—6-celled; styles 2 or 3, .j; in. long, thiek ; stigmas bilobed

at the apex, exserted, reddish, truncate, furrowed along the inner

side ; ovules or seeds solitary ; fruit globose, 1 in. in diam., dusky,

glabrous, 1-eelled ; seed solitary ; fruiting calyx small or minute ;

albumen not ruminated, but the testa is introverted at the apex of

the seed.

Coast Rreeion: Swellendam Div. ; without precise locality, Bowie ! Humans-

dorp Div.; mountains near Wagenbooms River, in Lange Kloof, Burchell,

4909! Uitenhage Div.; Uitenhage, Coega River and Winterhoek Mountains,

oat: § Zeyher, 28! Port Elizabeth Div.; by the Bankens River, Burchell,

Eastern ReGion: Natal; ‘‘Thorns” near Mooi River, 3000-4000 ft.,

Wood, 4471! 5327! Upper Tugela River, Gerrard, 1506! 1606!

16. E. racemosa (Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. 13,747); an evergreen densely

branched glabrous and shining shrub, usually about 6-9 ft. high with

the main stem 5-6 in. in diam., sometimes a small tree of 18 ft.;

bark usually grey, smooth ; branchlets often reddish, angular, ascend-

ing, leafy; leaves alternate, subopposite or opposite, obovate or

oblong-obovate, rounded at the apex, wedge-shaped or obtusely

narrowed at the base, rigidly coriaceous, green above, pale beneath,

not wavy on the revolute margin, entire, 1—21 in. long, }—1+ in.

broad; venation slightly prominent on both surfaces; petioles

z0-35 im. long; racemes 3-1} in. long, axillary, at length

drooping, 4-—13-flowered ; flowers diccious, white, drooping.

Male flowers 4- (or rarely 5-6-) merous, campanulate, glabrous,

yo-+ in. long; pedicels =4-1 in. long; calyx short, cleft half-

way down ; lobes deltoid ; corolla deeply lobed ; lobes oval, obtuse

or subacute, spreading or erect; stamens 12-18, in two rows;

filaments ~—,1; in. long; anthers lanceolate, thick, »j;—), in.

long, erect, with a few hairs or glabrous; pollen white; ovary

rudimentary; styles 2, erect, terete, white. Female flowers tetra-

merous oy rarely pentamerous, ovoid, rather smaller than the male

474 EBENACE® (Hiern). [| Huclea.

ones; pedicels ;4,-} in. long; calyx hemispherical, cleft half-way

down ; lobes ovate, acute ; corolla deeply lobed ; lobes not reflexed ;

staminodes 2-4, glabrous; ovary usually hairy, 4-celled; styles 2;

ovules solitary in the cells; fruit globular, glabrescent or glabrous,

black, l-celled, 1-seeded, } in.indiam. Jacg. Fragm.t. 1, f.5, t. 68,

f.3; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 401; Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. 219;

Chamisso in Linnea, vi. 350, 351; Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil.

Soc. xii. 104; Parmentier in Ann. Univ. Lyon, vi. fasc. ii. 75;

Drege, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 112, 113, 184; Krauss in Flora, 1844,

824; not of L’Hérit; Herb. Willd. n. 18478; Burchell, Trav. S.

Afr. i. 29 note, 62 note-—Padus foliis subrotundis, fructu racemoso,

Burm, Afr. 238, t. 84, f. 1.

Var. 8, Burchellii (Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 105); a tree,

18 ft. high; trunk erect; branches ascending, dense; bark entire, turning

whitish ; leaves oblong-obovate ; staminodes 0-4, inserted on the base of the

corolla or around the base of the ovary; ovary globose, glabrous; styles 2 or 3,

short ; young fruit purple.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Oldenburg! Nelson! Banks! Siekmann!

Alewander ! Boivin!

Coast Reaion : Piquetberg Div.; St. Helena Bay, Hove! Malmesbury Div. ;

Groene Kloof (Mamre), Drége ! Cape Div. ; Camps Bay, Burchell, 397! Harvey !

Table Mountain and other places around Cape Town, Thunberg! Burchell, 807!

Ecklon! Krauss, MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr., 1499! Simons Bay, Wright!

Simons Town, Meiklejohn! Durbanville, Schlechter, 7828! Stellenbosch Div. ;

near Lowrys Pass, Burchell, 8295! near Somerset West, Drége! Fish Hoek,

Ecklon. Bredasdorp Div.; near Cape Agulhas, Hcklon, Mier Kraal, Schlechter,

10500! 10501! Swellendam Div. ; between the Breede and Duivenhoek Rivers,

Ecklon, and without precise locality, Bowie! Uitenhage Div.; near the mouth of

the Coega River, Zeyher, 574! Grass Ridge, Zeyher, 3356! Bathurst Div. ; near

Port Alfred, Burchell, 3806! Albany Div. ; near Grahamstown, MacOwan, 1511 !

CENTRAL Reaion: VaR. 8: Somerset Div. ; Bosch Berg, Burchell, 3219!

WESTERN ReEGIon: Little Namaqualand; Hondeklip Bay, Whitehead !

The wood is hard and heavy, and is employed by wheelwrights and turners, and

serves very well for wooden screws; but it is chiefly used as fuel (Pappe, Silva

Capensis, 21).

E. racemosa, L’ Hérit. Sert. Angl. 82, is perhaps Kiggelaria dregeana, Turez.,

var. obtusa, Harv, Fl. Cap. i. 71.

17. E. undulata (Thunb. Nova Gen. Pl. 85); a glabrous shrub

of 1-10 ft. high or a tree of moderate size up to 30 ft. high, densely

branched ; branches erect or ascending, terete, alternate or opposite ;

branchlets more or less spreading, opposite or alternate, leafy,

minutely glandular towards the apex; bark whitish-grey, somewhat

rough ; leaves opposite and alternate, evergreen, obovate or oblanceo-

late, rounded or obtusely narrowed at the apex, wedge-shaped at the

base, coriaceous, strongly wavy along the margin or when narrow

nearly flat, entire, green above, pallid beneath, glabrous, minutely

gland-dotted, 34-11 in. long, 4—% in. broad, narrower in the

variety ; lateral veins not very conspicuous, numerous; petioles

ess in. long; racemes axillary; bracts deciduous, occasionally

large and foliaceous ; flowers dicecious, tetramerous. Male flowers

hemispherical, nearly glabrous, 4; in. long; racemes lax, 5-7-

flowered, 2-4 in. long; pedicels slender, ;5—1 in. long; calyx

Euclea.| EBENACEH (Hiern). 475

broadly cup-shaped, short, cleft half-way down; lobes deltoid and

pointed ; corolla cleft more than half-way down; lobes oval; stamens

10-15, mostly in pairs ; filaments slender, ;1,—3; in. long; anthers

oblong or obovate-oblong, apiculate, 4,—1; in. long, with a few hairs

towards the apex ; ovary rudimentary, hairy; styles 2. Female

flowers campanulate, ;°,—;; in. long, nearly glabrous; racemes 3-8-

flowered, suberect in flower, drooping in fruit, 1} in. long; pedicels

mostly opposite, more or jess patent in open flower and fruit, §;—;\,

in. long; braeteoles narrow, small, deciduous; calyx campanulate,

cleft scarcely half-way down, {5 in. long, not accrescent; lobes

deltoid ; corolla deeply cleft; segments oblong, more or less reeurved

near the apex, pale chestnut colour; staminodes 0; ovary ovoid,

. 2-4-celled, 3. in. long, ,45 in. in diam., glabrous above, with some

short whitish slender hairs around the base ; ovules 4, oblong ; styles

2, united at the base, ;'; in. long, glabrous; stigmas 2, bifid at the

apex; fruit globose, purple or red, or at length black, glabrous,

edible, 1-1 in. in diam., 1- or 2-celled, at length 1-celled and

l-seeded ; seed in, in diam. ; albumen equable. Thunb. Fl. Cap.

ed. Schult. 401; Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 64, 129,

132, 134, 144, 184; Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. 219 ; Krauss in Flora,

1844, 824; Burke in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. v. (1846) 20; Hiern in

Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 105, excl. syn. EF. humilis; Parmentier

in Ann. Univers. Lyon, vi. fasc. ii. 27-30, 80,138; Kew Bulletin,

1887, Sept., 11; Herb. Willd. n. 18479. Euclea n.s., Burchell,

Trav. 8. Afr. i. 465, note.

Var. 8, myrtina (Hiern, ].c. 106) ; a densely branched shrub, 1-5 ft. high, in

habit like a myrtle, leafy, dicecious ; leaves oblanceolate, obtuse, opposite, nearly

flat or less strongly wavy than in the type, 4-1 in. long, ;'5-+ in. broad, glabrous ;

fruit pisiform, black, glabrous, } in. in diam., edible, sweet but subastringent.

BE. myrtina, Burchell, l.c., ii. 588, note; Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. 217. Euclea,

Burcheli, lc. ii. 264, note. ;

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 3358! Thom, 243! 386!

Coast Reaion: Caledon Div.; Caledon, Ecklon. Swellendam Div, ; Swel-

lendam, Jichtenstein. Riversdale Div.; hills near Spiegel River, Burchell,

7198! near Riversdale, Schlechter, 1983! by the Kaffirkuils River, Krauss, 1758.

Mossel Bay Div.; near Mossel Bay, Masson ! Uitenhage Div. ; various localities,

Drége! Zeyher, 218! Alewander Prior! Tredgold, 35! Albany Div.; Fish

River Heights, Hutton! near Grahamstown, MacOwan! Komgha Div.; hills

near the Kei River, Drége?

Crentrat Reaion: Calvinia Div.; between Lospers Plaats and Springbok

Kuil River, 2000-3000 ft., Zeyher, 1124! Prince Albert Div.; Great Zwartberg

Range, near Klaarstroom, Drége. Somerset Div.; Bosch Berg, Burchell, 3168 !

Graaff Reinet Div. ; between Kruid Fontein and Melk River, Burchell, 2943!

near Graaff Reinet, 2900 ft., Bolus, 655!

Katanari ReGion: Griqualand West; Lower Campbell, Burchell, 1792!

Transvaal ; Magalies Berg, Burke! flats west of Blaauw Berg and Hang Klip,

Baines! Var. 8: Griqualand West; Klip Fontein, Burchell, 2162! Bechuana-

land; Kosi Fontein, Burchell, 2573 ! :

The fruit of this, as also of other species of the genus, is called “ guarri” ;

bruised and fermented it yields a kind of vinegar; see Thunberg, Travels,

English edition, i. 203. According to Burchell, loc. cit. ii, 588-589, the variety

produces one of the only two edible fruits found wild in Bechuanaland. The

wood is brown, hard, close-grained, and fit for joiners’ fancy work, veneering,

&e, See Pappe, Silva Capensis, 21,

476 EBENACE® (Hiern). | Maba.

III. MABA, J. R. & G. Forst.

Flowers nearly always dicecious and usually trimerous, solitary or

cymose. Calyx campanulate, oblong or cup-shaped, lobed or trun-

cate. Corolla campanulate or tubular ; lobes sinistrorsely contorted in

bud as seen from above. Stamens in the male flowers 3 or more,

usually glabrous, in the female flowers obsolete or represented by

staminodes. Ovary in the male flowers abortive, in the female

flowers 3- or 6-celled, 6-ovuled; styles 1-3 or in the male flowers

obsolete. Fruit baccate, usually moderate in size.

Trees or shrubs, with alternate and quite entire leaves, and axillary or rarely

lateral inflorescence,

Species about 70, widely distributed over the warmer parts of the world.

1. M. natalensis (Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 7, t. 110); a shrub, about

10-20 ft. high, soon becoming glabrous ; branches numerous, pallid,

slender, spreading at a wide angle; branchlets divaricate, flexuous,

puberulous, leafy ; leaves oval or ovate, obtuse or mucronate at the

apex, firmly membranous, flat except at the narrowly revolute

margin, shining and deep green above, paler beneath, delicately

veiny, 3-12 in. long, 1—j, in. broad: petioles puberulous, !;-5 in.

long ; flowers white, dicecious. Female flowers solitary, axillary,

3 in. long ; pedunele ,1;—,'; in. long ; calyx },—} in. long, cup-shaped,

truncate, entire, deep green, glabrous, semi-ellipsoidal ; corolla ;2; in.

long, silvery-silky, 3-lobed ; lobes 2 in. long, diverging, oblong,

acute, apiculate or rounded ; stamens or staminodes 6-9, free from

or inserted at the base of the corolla, uniseriate, 1; in. long, glabrous ;

filaments short, subulate; anthers erect, without pollen; ovary

conical, glabrous ; style as long as the ovary, glabrous, trifid at the

apex, 3-celled; cells 2-ovuled; fruit spheroidal, glabrous, pale-

chestnut in colour, +—% in. long, 1-1 in. in diam., tipped with the

persistent style, based with the eup of the non-accrescent calyx,

l-seeded. Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 131. Ebenus

natalensis, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 408.

Coast Reeion: East London Diy. ; in a wooded gulley near the mouth of

the Nahoon (Kahoon) River, 20 ft., Galpin, 5665!

Eastern ReGion: Natal; near Durban, Gerrard § McKen, 675! Gerrard,

110! Cooper, 2695! Inanda, Wood, 1414!

IV. DIOSPYROS, Linn.

Flowers usually dicecious, cymose or solitary, usually tetramerous

or pentamerous. Calyx lobed or truncate, often accrescent in fruit.

Corolla-lobes usually obtuse and more or less spreading, sinistrorsely

contorted in bud as seen from above. Stamens in the male flowers

4 or more, usually about 16 and in two rows, in the female flowers

obsolete or usually represented by 4-8 staminodes. Ovary in the

male flowers abortive or rudimentary or obsolete, in the female

Diospyros.] EBENACE® (Hiern). 477

flowers 4-16-celled, usually 8- or 10-celled and with solitary ovules;

styles 1-4 or in the male flowers obsolete. Fruit usually globose,

oblong or conical, often pulpy and edible; seeds 1-10, usually oblong

with dusky more or less shining testa ; albumen cartilaginous, white

and equable or in some species ruminated.

Trees or shrubs with alternate, or in a few species opposite, entire leaves, and

axillary or lateral inflorescence.

Species more than 200, widely distributed over the warmer regions of both

the eastern and western hemispheres. *

Male flowers cymose ; stamens 10-16; leaves elliptic-

oblong or obovate-oblong —... ie We vs

Flowers solitary; stamens about 80; leaves obovate-

rotund ,.. ‘re +. a a is ... (2) rotundifolia.

(1) mespiliformis.

1. D. mespiliformis (Hochst. in Plant. Schimp. Abyss. Exsice.

Sect. ii. nn. 655, 1243); a shrub or tree, ranging up to 50 ft. high

with a roundish head ; trunk nearly straight, ranging up to 12 ft. in

diam. ; bark becoming rough and much cracked; wood compact,

very hard, heavy, white but often black in the centre; branches

terete, more or less patent, glabrate ; branchlets alternate, subterete,

erect-patent, pallid or ashy, glabrescent ; young shoots and inflores-

cence ferruginous-tomentose ; leaves alternate, elliptic-oblong or

obovate-oblong, obtusely pointed at the apex, somewhat narrowed or

nearly rounded and sometimes unequal at the base, thinly coriaceous,

rather glossy especially above, glabrescent or thinly silky beneath,

entire, often somewhat reddish, deciduous, or sometimes evergreen,

2-6 in. long, 2-22 in. broad, midrib depressed, veins delicate ; young

leaves membranous, very soft, often dusky-red ; petioles 1-8 in. long.

Inflorescence axillary, short; flowers white or slightly greenish,

dicecious. Male inflorescence few- or many-flowered, ferruginous-

tomentose, 3—1 in. long ; flowers about } in. long, usually tetra-

merous or pentamerous; calyx about 1 in. long, cleft about half-way

down, campanulate or narrowly so, hairy on both sides ; lobes ovate

or lanceolate ; corolla urceolate-oblong, shortly cleft, silky outside,

glabrous within ; lobes spreading, pointed ; stamens 10-16, often in

pairs, nearly glabrous but with a narrow band of pale hairs along the

back of the anthers; filaments short, inserted at the base of the

corolla; connective produced at the apex ; pollen spheroidal, smooth ;

ovary rudimentary, hairy. Female flowers solitary or in very

short 2- or 3-flowered cymes; peduncles }—2 in. long; bracts

narrow, caducous ; calyx campanulate, deeply lobed, hairy on both

sides ; lobes ovate, acuminate, with undulated margins, 3-6, usually

4 or 5; corolla pubescent outside, glabrous within, rather small but

shortly exceeding the calyx; lobes pointed; staminodes 6-8,

glabrous, inserted in one row at the base of the corolla; ovary

ovoid or conical, silky, 4- or 8-celled, terminating in 2 short

hirsute bilobed styles; ovules solitary in the cells. Fruit sub-

globose or spheroidal, solitary, subsessile, 3-8-celled, rather hard,

glossy, glabrate, often slightly wrinkled, green, orange-yellow, olive-

478 EBENACEZ (Hiern). [ Diospyros.

tawny, or black-purple, edible, sparingly pulpy within, 3-1 in. in

diam. ; pulp gummy, very viscid ; seeds 1-8, solitary in the cells,

3-2 in. long; testa glossy outside, somewhat intruded into the

white cartilaginous albumen; embryo straight ; cotyledons linear-

lanceolate, longer than the radicle ; fruiting calyx somewhat or but

little accrescent, adpressed to the base of the fruit or spreading,

4-i In. in diam., somewhat pubescent outside, with wavy or sub-

auriculate lobes. Aliph. DC. Prodr. viii. 672; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl.

Aethiop. 85, 273; Hiern in Trans..Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 165, and

in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. iii. 518; Schweinf. Piante Utili dell Eritrea,

41,48; Parmentier in Ann. Univ. Lyon, vi. fase. ii. 46, 50, 56, 66,

131,148; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 651, D. senegalensis,

Perrott. ex Alph. DC., l.c., 234, 672. D. bicolor, Klotzsch in

Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. i. 184.

Katanari Region: Transvaal; Crocodile Poort, near Barberton, Pauling

in Herb. Galpin, 1354 !

Eastern Kxeion ;: Portuguese East Africa; between Lourengo Marques and

Komati River Drift, Bolus, 7847 !

Also in Tropical Africa.

2. D. rotundifolia (Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soe. xii. 181) ;

young parts puberulous ; branches pallid-ashy, glabrescent ; branch-

lets leafy; leaves alternate, obovatc-rotund, rounded at both

ends, coriaceous, glabrous, $—-1} in. long, ;2;-14 in. broad, incon-

spicuously veined beneath; petioles ;3,—+ in. long; peduncles

axillary, solitary, crowded, in the upper axils, 1-flowered, pu-

berulous, recurved, j4-+ in. long; bracts caducous; flowers

dicecious. Male flowers glabrous, about * in. long; calyx hemi-

spherical-campanulate, about 3 in. long; lobes 5, shallow, apiculate ;

corolla 5-fid; lobes oval, spreading; stamens about 30, nearly equal,

glabrous ; filaments short, straight, inserted in one row on the

glabrous receptacle; anthers about 3 in. long; ovary 0. Female

flowers: calyx acerescent, undulate, exceeding the young fruit

and then 3 in. long and broad, shortly 5-lobed at the apex but

appearing 5-fid and 5-winged from folding of the calyx-tube;

styles 5, connate at the base, j; in. long, glabrous; stigmas

bifid; young fruit depressedly globose, } in. long, glabrous, 8-

celled ; ripe fruit globose, umbilicate at the apex, shining, {—-1 in.

in diam. ; fruiting calyx patelliform, 3-1 in. in diam., ;,—} in. high,

with a raised edge at the top, plicate ; seeds compressed, } in. long,

about + in. broad; albumen not ruminated. Parmentier in Ann.

Univ. Lyon, vi. fase. ii. 131; not of Lesquer. Cretac. Fl. 89, t. 6,

Jig. 6.

Eastern ReGion: Delagoa Bay, Forbes, 34! Owen !

Orper LXXXV. OLEACEZ,

(By W. H. Harvey, with additions by C. H. Wrieut.)

Flowers mostly bisexual. Calyx inferior, 4- to many-lobed.

Corolla regular, gamopetalous and 4- to many-lobed, rarely poly-

Jasminum. | OLEACEZ (Harvey). 479

petalous or absent. Stamens 2, epipetalous. Ovary superior, 2-

celled ; style simple ;.stigma thickened, often shortly 2-fid; ovules

2 in each cell, rarely 1 or 4-8. Fruit a berry, drupe or capsule.

Seeds usually exalbuminous ; embryo straight; cotyledons flat, ovate

or oblong.

Trees or shrubs, sometimes climbing; leaves opposite, simple or compound,

exstipulate ; inflorescence cymose, paniculate or fascicled.

DistR1B. Genera about 20, species about 300, found throughout the hot and

temperate regions of the world.

I, Jasminum.—Shrubs. Corolla salver-shaped. Stamens included. Fruit a

twin berry.

II. Schrebera.—Shrubs. Corolla salver-shaped. Stamens exserted. Fruit a

woody capsule splitting lengthwise,

III. Menodora.—Small undershrubs, Oorolla funnel-shaped. Fruit of 2

globose membranous capsules splitting across.

I, JASMINUM, Linn.

Calyx bell-shaped, 5-8-10-lobed or toothed. Corolla salver-

shaped ; limb flat, 5-12-partite; lobes oblique, twisted in bud.

Stamens 2, included. Ovary 2-lobed ; style filiform, 2-lobed at the

apex, Berries twin; cells l-seeded. DC. Prodr. viii. 301.

Shrubs of the old world, mostly climbers. Leaves opposite or alternate, com-

pound; the petiole either jointed above the base and bearing one terminal

leaflet, or trifoliolate or imparipinnate. Cymes few- or many-flowered. Corolla

white or yellow, often sweetly scented. Name of uncertain origin: said to be

from for, a violet, and éou7, smell.

Leaves unifoliolate (or apparently simple) :

Leaves glabrous :

Calyx-lobes slender, longer than the tube :

Twigs glabrous; calyx-lobes 5-7, subu-

late ; corolla-lobes 6-7 ... we ... (1) glaucum.

Twigs microscopically puberulous; calyx-

lobes 8-12, setaceous; corolla-lobes

8-12 iy a Ay ws). vee (2) multipartitum.

Calyx-lobes 4—5, short and teoth-like .., ... (3) Gerrardi.

Leaves (and twigs) pubescent :

Calyx-lobes 5-6, broadly triangular, much

shorter than the glabrous tube aia ..» (4) breviflorum.

Calyx-lobes 5-7, subulate, as long as the pu-

bescent tube ... J Sis ae ... (5) streptopus.

Calyx-lobes 9-11, much longer than the

tube. ... ae ee me ae ... (6) stenolobum.

Leaves trifoliolate :

Leaflets ovate; corolla-tube 14 in. long (glabrous

OF Hairy) 72480" ati iu sal ats ... (7) angulare.

Leaflets lanceolate ; corolla-tube about 1 in. long... (8) tortuosum.

Leaflets ovate ; corolla-tube 2-1 in. long ... ... (9) mauritianum,

1. J. glaucum (Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 9); quite glabrous ;

branches terete, straight or scandent; leaves opposite or subopposite,

variable in form, lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate, oblong or ovate, mucron-

ate, faintly 3- or several-nerved at the base; peduncle terminal, 1—3-

flowered ; calyx-lobes 5-7, subulate, twice as long as the tube;

480 OLEACEH (Harvey). [Jasminum.

corolla-lobes 6-7, acute or acuminate. DC. Prodr. viii. 305.

Nyctanthes glauca, Linn, f. Suppl. 82.

Stem generally climbing. Leaves 1-1} in. long, 4-1} in. wide. Corolla-tube

1-14 in. long ; flowers white.

Var. 8, lanceolatum (E. Meyer ex DC. Prodr. viii. 305); leaves lanceolate ;

petiole short, articulated at the apex. J. glaucum, Vent. Hort. Cels. t. 55.

J. ligustrifolium, Lam. Encycel. iii. 218.

Var. 7, latifolium (E. Meyer ex DC. I.c.) ; leaves ovate and many-nerved at

the base or ovate-lanceolate ; petiole short, articulated near the middle.

Var. 5, parvifolium (E. Meyer ex DC. I.c); scrubby, densely much-branched ;

leaves very small, }-} in. long, ovate or ovate-lanceolate.

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div.; near Tulbagh, Zeyher, 1149! British

Kaffraria, Cooper, 578! Var. 8: Vanrbynsdorp Div.; Ebenezer, Drége!

Var. y: Clanwilliam Div.; near Honig Vallei and on the Koude Berg, 3000-

4000 ft., Drége! Piquetberg Div.; near Piqueniers Kloof, Dickson in Herb.

Bolus, 5699! Var. 8: Albany Div.; between Blauwkrantz and Kowi Poort,

Burchell, 3657! near Blauwkrantz Bridge, Galpin, 266!

Katauart ReGgion: Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 925!

Eastern Recion: Natal; near Durban, Plant, 46! Krauss, 458!

2. J. multipartitum (Hochst. in Flora, 1844, 825); glabrous, the

young twigs microscopically puberulous; leaves ovate or ovate-

lanceolate, acute or obtuse, 3-nerved at the base; peduncle terminal,

1-3-flowered; calyx-lobes 8-10, setaceous, nearly twice as long as

the tube ; corolla-lobes 8-12, lanceolate, acute ; tube 14-1} in. long.

Walp. Rep. vi. 463.

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div.; Sandfontein, Burke! Albany Div. ; Fish

River Heights, Hutton !

Eastern RxeGion: Pondoland, Bachmann, 1030! Natal; Inanda, Wood,

356! Mooi River Valley, 2000-3000 ft., Sutherland! Sanderson, 83! Tugela

ori Gerrard, 1154! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 264! Cooper,

58!

Very closely allied to J. glawcum, from which it differs in the scarcely per-

ceptible indumentum of the twigs, and the more numerous calyx-teeth and

corolla-lobes, both of which latter characters however vary.

3. J. Gerrardi (Harv.); glabrous; branches terete, straight ;

leaves (small) ovate-lanceolate, acute at each end, mucronate, faintly

nerved beneath ; peduncle terminal, slender, 1- (rarely 2—3-) flowered ;

calyx-lobes 4—5, short, tooth-like; corolla-tube about } in. long.

EasterN Region: Natal; Nonoti River, Gerrard, 1477! Camperdown,

Rehmann, 7706!

A low much-branched erect shrub. Leaves # in. long, 2-4 lin. wide. Flowers

white; corolla-lobes 7-8.

4. J. breviflorum (Harv.) ; branches terete, scandent, pubescent,

becoming naked; twigs, leaves and pedicels softly albo-pubescent ;

leaves very shortly petiolate, ovate, obtuse or acute; peduncle

terminal, 3-flowered ; calyx glabrous, its lobes 5-6, broadly triangular,

much shorter than the tube; corolla-tube about + in. long; lobes

oblong, subacute.

J asminum.] OLEACER (Harvey). 481

KALAHARI ReGion: Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Burke! Crocodile River,

Zeyher, 1181!

With much of the aspect of J. streptopus, but with much more copious

whitish pubescence; more ovate, blunter leaves, and different calyx and

corolia,

5. J. streptopus (E. Meyer ex DC. Prodr. viii. 307); branches

terete, scandent, glabrate, ash-colour; twigs, leaves and calyces

shortly, but closely pubescent; leaves very shortly petiolate, oval-

oblong or ovate, acute at each end, penninerved, mucronate, the

petiole twisted or incurved ; peduncle terminal, 3—5-flowered ; calyx-

lobes 5-7, broadly subulate, equalling the calyx-tube, enlarged in

fruit ; corolla-tube 1-11 in. long; lobes 6-7, lanceolate, acute,

Eastern Reaion: Natal; near Durban, Gerrard S§ McKen, 628! Peddie!

Inanda, Wood, 1191! Umlaas, Wood, 1827! and without precise locality, Drége !

Gerrard, 718!

Young branches pubescent, as the rest of the plant, older quite glabrous.

Leaves 1-2} in, long, thinly membranous, 3-1} in. wide, variable in shape.

Berries twin, globose ; the fruiting calyx-lobes broadly triangular.

6. J. stenolobum (Rolfe in Oates, Matabeleland, ed. 2, 403) ;

young branches villous-pubescent, afterwards glabrous ; leaves uni-

foliolate, ovate or- ovate-lanceolate, obtuse or sometimes acute,

pubescent, }—11 in. long, shortly petioled ; flowers terminal, generally

solitary ; calyx pubescent ; lobes about 10, acicular, obtuse, 3—4 lin.

long ; corolla-tube slender, 9-10 lin. long; lobes 10-15, narrowly

lanceolate-linear, acute, a little shorter than the tube. Baker in

Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 4.

KabLaHari Reaion; Transvaal; Berea Ridge, Barberton, Galpin, 621!

Eastern Recion: Natal; Tugela River, Gerrard, 1968!

Also in Tropical Africa.

7. J. angulare (Vahl, Symb. iii. 1); glabrous or pubescent,

scandent ; twigs 4—6-angled; leaves 3-foliolate; leaflets ovate,

mucronate, 3-nerved at the. base; cymes terminal or in the upper

axils, 3-7-flowered ; calyx glabrous, 5—6-toothed ; corolla-tube 1} in.

long. DC. Prodr. viii, 311.

Var. 8, glabratum (E. Meyer ex DC. Prodr.1.c.); leaves glabrous. Bot.

Mag. t, 6865. J. capense, Thunb. Prodr. 2, and Fl. Cap. ed. i. 41.

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div.; between Enon and the Zuurberg Range,

Drége! Addo, Drége ! banks of the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 231! Uitenhage,

Burchell, 4411! Sundays River, Gill! Port Elizabeth Div.; Algoa Bay, Cooper,

2701! Albany Div., Cooper, 2702! Var. 8: Uitenhage Div.; Enon, Drege !

British Kaffraria, cultivated specimens !

CENTRAL REGION: Somerset Div.; on Bosch Berg, near Somerset East, Bur-

chell, 3164! 3193! mountains above the spring of Commadagga, Burchell,

3342 |.

RADAMARY Reeion: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 2704! Transvaal;

omati Poort, Burtt Davy, 360! ‘

Eastern Recion: Griqualand East; Clydesdale, 2500 ft., Tyson, 2017!

Natal; Olivers Hoek Pass, Wood, 3515! and without precise locality, Gerrard,

280! Cooper, 1166! ;

VOL, IV.—SECT. I,—PART IV. ad

482 OLEACEZ (Harvey). [Jasminum.

8. J. tortuosum (Willd. Enum. i. 10); glabrous or puberulous,

scandent; twigs angular; leaves 3-foliolate; leaflets lanceolate,

mucronate, glabrous; peduncle terminal, 3—5-flowered ; calyx 5-6-

toothed ; corolla-tube about 1 in. long. DC. Prodr. viii. 311. Jd.

flextle, Jacq. Hort. Scheenbr. t. 490, not of Vahl.

Coast Re@ion: Humansdorp Div. ; Kabeljonws River, Bolus, 1667! Bedford

Div.; near Bedford, Mrs. Hutton! British Kaffraria, Mrs. Hutton !

CenTRAL REGION: Somerset Div. ; on the Bosch Berg, 3000 ft., MacOwan,

1946!

Katanari Region: Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 924! Waterval

- Boven, Rogers, 2511!

Scarcely distinct from J. angulare by the narrower leaflets and shorter corolla-

tube.

9. J. mauritianum (Bojer, Hort. Maurit. 204); branchlets

densely pubescent ; leaves opposite, 3-foliolate ; leaflets ovate, acute,

subcoriaceous, pubescent or subglabrous, the end one 2-3 in. long,

the side one slightly smaller; petiole 1—® in. long ; petiolules }—1 in.

long ; cymes terminal and axillary, forming an ample panicle at the

end of the branchlets ; pedicels very short, pubescent; calyx 1 lin.

long ; teeth minute; corolla white; tube 2-1 in. long; lobes 6-8,

oblong or linear-oblong, half as long as the tube; berry small,

globose. DC. Prodr. viii. 310; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i.

655; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 10. J. auriculatum,

DC. lec. 309, partly; Baker, Fl. Maurit. 220, not of Vahl. J.

tettense, Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. i. 284. J. zanzi-

barense, Bojer ex Klotzsch, l.c. 283. J. gratissimum, Deflers, Voy.

Yemen, Bot. 162.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; Crocodile River Drift, between Komati

River Drift and Barberton, Bolus, 7848!

Also in Tropical Africa, Mauritius and the Seychelles,

Il. SCHREBERA, Roxb.

Calyx bell-shaped, shortly 5-8-toothed or subtruncate, splitting in

fruit. Corolla salver-shaped ; tube terete, longer than the calyx;

limb 6-8-fid, the lobes inside more or less densely clothed with short

swollen hairs (velvety to the touch), oblong, obtuse, twisted in bud.

Stamens 2, inserted near the summit of the tube; filaments very

short; anthers exserted or half included. Ovary 2-celled; cells

each with 4 pendulous ovules; style filiform, included; stigma

thickened, bifid at the apex. Capsule obovoid, coriaceous, com-

pressed, 2-celled, separating through the middle into 2 septiferous

boat-like valves. Seeds 4 in each cell, pendulous, compressed,

— at the apex. DO. Prodr. viii. 674. Nathusia, DC. 1c.

Trees or climbing shrubs of India and Africa, Leaves opposite, imparipin-

nate, Flowers in trichotomous terminal panicles, :

Schrebera. | OLEACEA (Harvey). 483

I have carefully examined flowers of S. swietentoides, Roxb., the type of the

genus, and I find them to agree in structure in every respect with Decandolle’s

account of Nathusia, above quoted. The purple hairs on the corolla are more

copious and more diffused in the Indian species ; the filaments shorter, and the

anthers partly included in the tube; the ovules are 4 and pendulous, exactly as

in Nathusia, Named in honour of Von Schreber, a celebrated botanist and editor

of “ Linneus.”—W. H. H,

Panicle-branches glabrous or finely puberulous ... (1) Saundersia.

Panicle-branches tomentose it ay i .. (2) argyrotricha.

1. §. Saundersize (Harv. Thes. ii. 40, t. 163); petiole with a

narrow wing ; leaflets 3-5, sessile, oblong-lanceolate or ovate, scareely

oblique at the base, obtusely acuminate ; calyx glabrous, truncate or

very minutely denticulate. S. latialata, Gilg in Engl. Jahrb, xxx.

73.

Katanari Reaion: Transvaal; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 5950!

Eastern Recion: Natal; Durban, Gerrard, 1153! Berea, near Durban,

Wood, 5201! Inanda, Wood, 819! and without precise locality, Cooper, 3030!

A partly scandent large shrub, or small tree 25-30 ft. high. Leaflets 13-2 in,

long, 3-1 in. wide, the terminal larger, all subcoriaceous, netted-veined beneath,

Panicle many-flowered, trichotomously much-branched. Bracts 2 lin, long,

deciduous. Corolla 4 times longer than the calyx, the lobes commonly 6, white,

with dark purple velvety patches at the base forming a star in the centre of the

flower, Stamens exserted.

T have hesitated whether or not to keep this distinct from the Abyssinian

S. alata (Nathusia alata, Hochst. !), with which it agrees in many particulars,

That species, however, is said to be a “tall tree.” A fruiting specimen of it in

the Dublin Herbarium is much more robust, with larger leaves than the Natal

plant, but otherwise similar ; I have not seen its flowers—IW. H. H.

2. 8. argyrotricha (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxx. 74); a divaricate

shrub ; leaves opposite, imparipinnate ; rhachis winged ; leaflets 5,

oval or obovate-oval, rounded at the apex, cuneate at the base, 12 in.

long, about } in, wide, the terminal rather larger, more or less

coriaceous, puberulous above, densely and shortly pubescent beneath;

nerves numerous and prominent beneath, reticulate; flowers in

terminal many-flowered dense panicles at the ends of the branchlets ;

panicle-branches tomentose, dichasial ; pedicels very short, tomen-

tose; calyx campanulate, 12 lin. long, irregularly lobed or emargi-

nate, puberulous, at length glabrescent; corolla glabrous; tube

narrowly cylindrical, 5 lin. long; lobes half as long as the tube ‘.

capsule small, woody, glabrous.

Katanart Reeton: Transvaal; by the great waterfall, near Lydenburg,

Wilms, 201!

III. MENODORA, Humb. & Bonpl.

Calyz deeply 5- to many-lobed, persistent. Corolla funnel-shaped,

the short tube often hairy inside; limb 5-partite, imbricate in bud.

Stamens 2, on the tube. Ovary 2-celled; ovules 4 in each cell ;

style filiform; stigma capitate. Capsule membranous, didymous,

112

484 OLEACEH (Harvey). [ Menodora.

splitting across, sometimes irregularly ; cells 4-seeded, or by abortion

fewer. DC. Prodr. viii. 316. Bolivaria, Cham. & Schlecht. in

Linnea, i. 207, t. 4, fig. 1.

Undershrubs, chiefly of the American continent, where they are found from

Mexico to Patagonia. Habit and foliage very variable.

Stems erect, nearly naked, rigid; leaves minute,

linear, distant ... a “ Fee vs ... (1) juncea,

Stems diffuse, closely leafy :

Leaves bipinnately multifid ae vee ... (2) africana,

Leaves entire or tripartite ... METS cee ... (3) heterophylla,

1. M. juncea (Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 2, 220); stems erect,

rigid, terete, striate, glabrous, irregularly branched, nearly naked ;

branches erect; leaves minute, distant, close-pressed, shortly linear,

acute ; corymbose cymes terminal, several-flowered, minutely puberu-

lous ; calyces semi-5-fid, the lobes subulate, entire ; capsule irregu-

larly torn across.

WesTeRN Recion: Little Namaqualand; Modderfontein, Whitehead! and

without precise locality, Zeyher !

Stems pale green, 2-3 ft. high, naked, except for the minute and distant,

scarcely obvious leaves. Inflorescence panicled, terminal, its branches minutely

puberulous, Calyx-lobes 23 lin. long, rather longer than the tube.

2. M. africana (Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 586); root simple; stems

diffuse, many from the crown, branched, closely leafy throughout;

leaves alternate, short, bipinnately multifid, glabrous; lobes narrow-

linear, nerved beneath, acute; flowers terminal, solitary; calyx-

limb multipartite, with filiform or pinnatifid lobes.

KALawARI ReGIon: Griqualand West; Dutoits Pan, Tuck! Barkly, Nelson,

175! on Flats, Mrs, Barber, 2! Orange River Colony ; Great Vet. River, Burke,

134! Boshof, Mrs. Barber! Bechuanaland; near Kuruman, Burchell, 2430!

near the sources of the Kuruman River, Burchell, 2460! 2478! 24185! 2533!

Transvaal ; near Pretoria, McLea in Herb. Bolus, 3104! Derde Poort, Leendertz,

369! near Irene, Burtt-Davy, 2808! Magalies Berg, Zeyher, 1132! near L)den-

burg, Wilms, 1068! Crocodile Valley, near Barberton, Galpin, 1071! near

Potchefstroom, Nelson, 342!

Bastern Recion: Natal; by the Tugela River, near Colenso, Wood, 758 !

3550! Bushmans River, Gerrard, 631! Zululand, Miss Owen !

Root fusiform, deeply descending. Stems 4-12 in. long, diffuse or ascending,

scaberulous. Leaves scarcely 4 in. long, multifid. Flowers yellow.

3. M. heterophylla (Moric. ex DC. Prodr. viii. 316); a small

shrub, 4—5 in. high, branched from the base ; stems ribbed, sparingly

papillose-scabrid; leaves alternate, entire or tripartite, shortly and

broadly petiolate or subsessile ; lobes lanceolate or linear-lanceolate,

acute, the central longest and often trifid; calyx 10-fid or 10-

partite; lobes linear, scaberulous; corolla-lobes obovate-oblong or

-elliptic, obtuse, sometimes shortly apiculate. Oliv. in Hook. Ic.

PI, xv. 47, t. 1459.

Katanart Recon: Transvaal; Matebe Valley. Holub! Woodstock, near

Rustenburg, Miss Pegler, 950!

Also in North America,

Olea. | OLEACEE (Harvey). 485

IV. OLEA, Linn.

Calyx cupular or shortly campanulate, 4-toothed. Corolla-tube

short ; lobes 4, spreading, induplicate-valvate. Stamens 2, inserted

in the corolla-tube ; filaments short; anthers ovate, dorsifixed.

Ovary 2-celled ; style short ; stigma capitate or shortly bifid ; ovules

2 in each cell, pendulous from the inner wall. Drupe ovoid, oblong

or globose ; endocarp bony or crustaceous. Seeds usually solitary ;

cotyledons flat ; albumen fleshy, sometimes ruminate.

Trees or shrubs ; leaves opposite, usually quite entire ; flowers hermaphrodite

or polygamous, in trichotomous panicles.

Species about 40 in Central or Tropical Asia, the Mediterranean region, Tropical

Africa, the Mascarene Islands and New Zealand.

This genus (which was omitted from the key) differs from the other South

African genera in having the corolla-lobes induplicate-valvate in bud and the

ovules pendulous. From Schrebera and Menodora it also differs in having

a drupaceous fruit, and from Jasminwm in having 4-merous flowers.

Inflorescence axillary :

Leaves elliptic to obovate, up to 43 by 12 in. ... (1) Pegleri.

Leaves oblong-elliptic, up to 14 by 3 in. ... ..- (2) foveolata.

Leaves linear-lanceolate, up to 3 by Lin. ... ... (8) verrucosa.

Inflorescence terminal :

Leaves linear-oblong .., = ... (4) exasperata.

Leaves from lanceolate to broadly elliptic :

Branches of the inflorescence comparatively

stout :

Leaves obtuse, shortly cuneate at the base i capensis.

Leaves acuminate at both ends ; 6) laurifolia,

Branches of the inflorescence very slender :

Leaves lanceolate, 24 in. by 7 lin., acumi-

nate he 2 ove ae ive

Leaves elliptic, 1 in. by 5 lin., shortly

cuspidate . bey sca sti “4

(7) Mackenii.

(8) enervis.

1, 0. Pegleri (C. H. Wright); branches ashy-white; leaves

elliptic, to obovate, shortly and obtusely acuminate, cuneate at the

base, 43 in. long, 13 in, wide, quite entire with a thickened marginal

nerve, glabrous ; petiole 1 in. long; cymes trichotomous, 2 in. long,

axillary near the apex of the branchlets; pedicels 14 lin. long ;

bracteoles lanceolate, 1 lin. long, brownish; calyx 12 lin. long,

deeply 4-lobed, glabrous ; lateral lobes ovate, obtuse, 1 lin. broad,

other lobes 2 lin. wide, acute; corolla 21 lin. long; lobes short,

cucullate at the apex.

EASTERN REGION :. Transkei; near Kentani, 100 ft., Miss Pegler, 819!

2. 0. foveolata (E. Meyer, Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 176); a shrub

about 12 ft. high ; branches ashy-grey ; leaves oblong-elliptic, obtuse,

cuneate at the base, 1} in. long, 9 lin. wide, sometimes with small

pits in the axils of the veins on the lower surface, coriaceous, entire,

glabrous; flowers in short axillary cymes; calyx-lobes rotundate,

puberulous ; corolla 13 lin. long; lobes ovate, obtuse, eucullate ;

486 OLEACE& (Harvey). [ Olea.

fruit oblong, smooth, 6 lin. long, 3 lin. diam. Drége, Zwei Pf.

Documente, 135; DC. Prodr, viii. 285.

Soutu Arrica: without locality, Thom! Miller !

Coast ReGion: Knysna Div. ; forest near the Knysna River ford, Burchell,

5539! near the Goukamma River, Burchell, 5573! hills near Plettenbergs Bay,

Burchell, 5328! Uitenhage Div.; near Uitenhage, Burchell, 4242! between

Hoffmanns Kloof and Drie Fontein, 1000-2000 ft., Drége! Port Elizabeth Div. ;

Krakakamma, Zeyher, 571! Burchell, 4515!

KatanaRi Ree@ion: Transvaal;. Masetana River, near Shilovane, Junod,

1266!

Eastern ReGion: Transkei; near Kentani, 50 ft., Miss Pegler, 826! Natal;

Tugela, Gerrard, 1665! Groen Berg, Wood, 1290!

3. 0. verrucosa (Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 33); a tree;

branchlets terete, or sometimes quadrangular towards the apex,

greyish, verrucose ; leaves linear-laneeolate, obtuse or shortly acumi-

nate, acuminate at the base, quite entire, glabrous above, minutely

yellow-lepidote beneath, 3 in. long, 4-6 lin. wide; petioles up to

4 lin. long; panicles axillary, up to about 2 in. long; calyx cupular,

obscurely 4-lobed, glabrous; corolla-lobes oblong, obtuse, 2 lin.

long, glabrous; fruit subglobose, shortly apiculate, 3 lin. in diam.,

scarcely fleshy. Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 85, 87; DC. Prodr.

vill. 285. 0. ewropewa, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 3, not of Linn.

O. similis, Burch. Trav. i. 177, and ii. 264. O. woodiana, Knobl.

im Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 532 ; Wood, Natal Plants, t. 237.

Sourg Arrica: without locality, Foster ! Labillardiére!. Thom, 751!

Coast RreGaion: Cape Div. ; Hout Bay, Wolley Dod, 1638! Devils Mountain,

Ecklon, 41! Wilms, 3484! Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountain, 1000-2000 ft., Drége !

Uitenhage Div.; Addo, Zeyher! banks of the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 633!

Albany Div.; Atherstone, 95! Fort Beaufort Div., Cooper, 479! Queenstown

eg Bowkers Park, 4200 ft., Galpin, 2566! Cathcart Div.; Goshen, Baur,

CrenTRAL ReGion : Somerset Div. ; Kloof of Bosch Berg, 3500 ft., MacOwan,

poh Graaff Reinet Div; mountains south-west of Graaff Reinet, Burchell,

9! ‘

Katanari ReGion: Griqualand West; Upper Campbell, Burchell, 1826!

Diamond Fields, Shaw ! Transvaal ; Magalies Berg, Burke ! aud without precise

locality, Sanderson !

Eastern Reaion: Natal; Berea, near Durban, Wood, (548) 3156! 7579,

and without precise locality, Gerrard, 1152!

4. 0. exasperata (Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. iii. 1, t. 251); from a

small shrub to a tree 30 ft. high; branches slender, rough with

elevated lenticels ; leaves linear-oblong, about 2 in. long and 3 lin.

wide, acute and mucronate, glabrous, shining above, nerves incon-

spicuous; panicle terminal, small; bracteoles very small; calyx

minutely 4-dentate, verrucose ; corolla 11 lin. in diam., white ; lobes

oblong, acute ; stigma conical, } lin. in diam. KH. Meyer, Comm.

Fl. Afr. Austr. 175; Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 86, 1380; DC.

Prodr, viii. 287; Knobl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii, 533.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Hert. Forsyth ! :

Coast Reaion: Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountain, Drége! Mossel Bay Div. ;

Olea. | OLEACE (Harvey). 487

near the landing-place at Mossel Bay, Burchell, 6313! Knysna Div. ; sand hills,

Plettenbergs Bay, Burchell, 5308! Uitenhage Div.; Addo, Zeyher! hill near

the mouth of the Zwartkops River, Drége ! Bathurst Div.; near Port Alfred,

Burchell, 3829 !

5. 0. capensis (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 8); a small shrub; stem

slender, glabrous, dark brown, lenticellate ; leaves obovate or oval,

obtuse, quite entire, coriaceous, glabrous, up to 2} in. long and 12 in.

wide ; petiole 3 lin. long; panicle terminal, trichotomous, many-

flowered ; corolla white; tube very short; lobes ovate, obtuse, patent,

1} lin. long; anthers cordate; fruit globose, glabrous, 4 lin. in

diam. Bery. Descr. Pl, Cap.1; Thunb. Prodr. 2, and Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 3; Pappe, Silva Cap. 24; E. Meyer, Comm. 176; Bot. Reg.

t.613; DO. Prodr. viii. 287 ; Knobl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 533;

var. coriacea, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 13.

_Sourn Arrica: without locality, Sieber, 220! Wallich! Bergius ex

Knoblauch,

Coast Recion: Cape Div.; mountains near Cape Town, Drége! Milne,

204! Wolley Dod, 171! 3641! Burchell, 781! Red Hill, Jameson! Simons

Bay, MacGillivray, 665! Camps Bay, Zeyher / Stellenbosch Div. ; Lowrys Pass,

Burchell, 8286 ! Schlechter, 7267! Caledon Div.; between Houw Hoek Moun-

tains and Palmiet River, Burchell, 8161! Knysna Div.; near Knysna, Burchell,

5497 ex Knoblauch ; Albany Diy. ; Grahamstown, MacOwan !

6. 0. laurifolia (Lam. Ill. i. 29); a tree with hard wood ;

branches tuberculate, greyish, terete ; leaves usually elliptic-oblong

and acute, but varying much in outline, entire, sometimes slightly

undulate, glabrous, paler beneath, about 3 in. long and 12 in. wide;

petiole 6 lin. long ; panicles terminal, many-flowered, not much

longer than the leaves; calyx campanulate, shortly and acutely

4-toothed ; corolla white, about 2 lin. in diam. ; lobes lanceolate,

acute, patent ; fruit globose, 3 lin. in diam. DC. Prodr. viii. 287.

V. undulata, Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. i. 1, t. 2; Bot. Mag. t. 3089;

Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 379; var. B, EH. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pfi.

Doeumente, 136, 205; var. planifolia, EH. Meyer, Comm. 176. 0.

capensis, var. B, undulata, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, i. 21 .—Sideroxylum

foliis oblongis, §c., J. Burm. Rar. Afr. Pl. 233, ¢. 81, fig. 1.

Var. 8, concolor (Harv.); branches brownish, verrucose ; leaves obovate,

tapering into a petiole 3 lin. long, quite entire, sometimes shortly cuspidate, of

the same dull green on both surfaces, minutely glandular-punctate beneath. 0.

concolor, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pf. Documente, 77, and Comm. 176; DC.

Prodr. viii, 286.

* SoutH A¥RIcA : without locality, Mund ! Villette! Thom, 484! Sieber, 219!

appe !

Coast Region: Cape Div.; Cape Town, Zeyher! Swellendam Div. ; Groot-

vaders Bosch, Burchell, 7227! George Div.; in the forest near George, Burchell,

6077! lower part of the Cradock Berg, Burchell, 6013! Knysna Div. ; between

Keurbooms River and Bitou River, Burchell, 5225! 5227! near Knysna,

Burchell, 5497! Uitenhage Div. ; Zuurberg Range, Drege! Van Stadens River,

Bolus, 1210! Port Elizabeth Div.; sand hills by the sea-shore, Burchell, 4298 !

Krakakamma, Burchell, 4516! Albany Div. ; between the source of Kasuga

River and Assegai Bush, Burchell, 4159! Bathurst Div.; near Port Alfred,

Burchell, 3815! Var. B : Tulbagh Div. ; between New Kloof and Elands Kloof,

488 OLEACES (Harvey). [ Olea.

1000-2000 ft., Drége! Piquetberg Div.; Olifants River Mountains, Zeyher,

1150!

EASTERN Rua@ion: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 500!

The variety concolor is connected with the typical form by Burchell’s 7227, in

which, however, the shining green upper surface of the leaf contrasts with the

dull lower surface. Under cultivation the leaves become undulate at the margin.

7. O. Mackenii (Harv.); branches slender, greyish; leaves

lanceolate, acuminate at both ends, more rarely elliptical and obtuse

at the apex, 23 in. long, 7 lin. wide, margins revolute, lateral nerves

inconspicuous; petiole 3 lin. long; panieles at and near the apex of

the branches ; bracteoles minute; calyx cupular, * lin. in diam.,

glabrous ; teeth 4, broadly triangular; corolla-lobes short, rounded ;

fruit oblong, 7 lin. long, 2 lin. in diam.

EASTERN Recoion: Natal; Tugela, Gerrard, 380! 1666!

§. 0. enervis (Harv.); a low tree; branches terete, ashy-grey,

lenticellate ; leaves elliptic, very shortly cuspidate, cuneate below,

up to 1 in, long and 5 lin. wide, glabrous on both surfaces, thickened

at the margin, nerves (except the midrib) obscure below ; petiole

2 lin. long; panicles terminal, 1 in. long; calyx eupular; corolla

1 lin. in diam. ; lobes oblong, acute; fruit ovoid-oblong, 3 lin.

ong.

EASTERN REGion; Natal; Buffalo River and Mooi River, Gerrard, 1151!

Orper LXXXVI. SALVADORACEZ.

(By C. H. Wrienr.) :

Flowers hermaphrodite or dicecious, regular. Calyx inferior,

campanulate or ovoid, 2-4-toothed. Corolla 4-lobed, or of 4 free

petals, imbrieate or valvate in bud. Stamens 4, inserted in the

corolla-tube and alternate with the lobes, or hypogynous ; filaments

free or connate at the base; anthers ovoid, dorsifixed, sometimes

apiculate, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary superior, 1-2-celled;

style short; stigma entire or bifid; ovules 1-2 in each cell, erect,

anatropous. Berry fleshy, usually 1-seeded; endocarp mem-

branous or chartaceous. Seed globose or compressed ; testa thin or

cartilaginous ; albumen none. .

Shrubs or trees, unarmed or spiny; leaves opposite, entire; stipules rudi-

mentary ; panicles trichotomous, axillary, often reduced to sessile fascicles.

Distris. Genera 3, species about 10, in tropical and subtropical Asia, Africa

und the Mascarene Islands.

I, Saivadora.—Petals united. Ovary 1-celled, 1-ovuled.

Il, Azima.—Petals free. Ovary 2-celled ; cells 2-ovuled.

Salvadora. | SALVADORACEX (Wright). 489

I, SALVADORA, Garcin.

Calyz campanulate, 4-fid. Corolla campanulate; tube short;

lobes wide, obtuse, imbricate. Stamens 4, fixed to the base or

middle of the corolla-tube; filaments slightly flattened; anthers

ovoid, Disc of 4 glands or scales alternate with the filaments or

none. Ovary l-celled ; style very short ; stigma wide, truncate or

nearly peltate; ovule solitary, erect. Drupe globose; endocarp

chartaceous. Seed erect, globose; testa thin.

Shrubs or trees; leaves opposite, quite entire, rather thick, usually pallid;

flowers small, on the branchlets of axillary panicles, sessile or pedicellate.

1. 8. persica (Garcin ex Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 122); a large, much-

branched shrub or small tree ; branehlets drooping, glabrous, whitish ;

leaves from ovate to oblong, coriaceous, 14-3 in. long, 31+ in. wide,

obtuse, often mucronate, pale green ; petiole 3—1 in. long; flowers

in terminal and axillary panicles, greenish-yellow ; calyx cleft half-

way down; lobes rounded; corolla 3 in. long, deeply cleft ; lobes

oblong, obtuse, reflexed; stamens shorter than the corolla; drupe

x In. in diam., globose, smooth, red. DC. Prodr. xvii. 28 ; Schweinf.

Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 163; Oliv. in Trans. Linn, Soe. xxix. 106;

C. B. Cl. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iii. 619 ; Hiern in Cat. Afr.

Pl. Welw. i. 659; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 23. S. eras-

stnervia, Hochst. in Schimp. Pl. Abyss. Eausicc. 2218 ; T. Anders. in

Journ. Linn. Soc. v. Suppl. i. 30. S. paniculata, Hochst. in

Schimp. l.c. 2325.

EASTERN ReGion: Delagoa Bay; near Shepherd’s, about 18 miles from

Lorenzo Marques, Bolus, 9701!

Also in Tropical and North Africa, Arabia and India.

II. AZIMA, Lam.

Flowers dicecious. Calyx campanulate, shortly 4-fid or in the

female flower irregularly 2—4-partite. Petals 4, distinct. Stamens

4, alternate with the petals; filaments slender; anthers ovoid.

Disk none. Ovary 2-eelled ; style very short; stigma large, 2-fid ;

ovules 2 in each cell, ereet. Berry globose, usually, by abortion,

l-seeded; endocarp thinly membranous. Seed somewhat com-

pressed; testa coriaceous.

Glabrous shrubs, very much branched or sarmentose ; spines axillary, solitary

or in pairs; leaves opposite, quite entire; flowers small, axillary or along the

branchlets of a short panicle,

1. A. tetracantha (Lam. Encycel. i. 343 and Ill. t. 807); a low

much-branched spiny shrub ; branchlets tetragonal, pubeseent when

young ; spines 2-4 from a node, straight, very sharp, 1 in. or more

long ; leaves oblong or elliptic, acute, mucronate, pale green, acute at

the base, 1-14 in. long, 1-3 in. wide; petiole very short; flowers

490 SALVADORACEE (Wright). [ Azima.

axillary, the male fascicled, the female solitary or in pairs; male

flower: calyx 1 in. long, lobes 4, ovate, acute; petals linear-lanceo-

late, ciliolate, a little longer than the calyx; female flower: calyx

usually 2-lobed, lobes broadly ovate, apiculate; petals as in the

male ; ovary glabrous; stigma nearly sessile ; berry globose, 1 in. in

diam., whitish, edible. Weght, Illustr. ii. t. 152; Hook. f. Fl. Brit.

~ Ind. iii. 620; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 659 ; Baker in Dyer,

Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 22. Monetia barlerioides, L’ Hérit. Stirp. Nov.

i,t. 1; Harv. § Sond. Fl. Cap. i. 474.

Var. 8, laxior (C. H. Wright); flowers in trichotomous panicles rather

shorter than the leaves. :

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Drége, 6749a! 6749b !

Coast Raion: Uitenhage Div. ; in valleys, 1500 ft., Bolus, 1659! Zeyher,

477! Bathurst Div.; by the Kowie River at Port Alfred, Galpin, 2969!

Burchell, 4017! Var. 8: Hast London Div.; East London Park, Wood in Herb.

Galpin, 3129!

tds Rxciox: Somerset Div.; by the Great Fish River, Burchell,

8247 !

Eastern Recion: Natal, Gerrard, 1775! Delagoa Bay, Forbes !

Also in Tropical Africa, Madagascar and India.

OrpbEr LXXXVII. APOCYNACEZ.

(By Orto Srapr.)

Flowers hermaphrodite, regular. Caly« inferior ; sepals 5 (very

rarely 4), free or slightly (rarely more) united, more or less imbri-

cate, equal or more or less unequal, often with (usually scale-like)

glands near the base inside. Corolla salver- or funnel-shaped, rarely

campanulate, urceolate or subglobose, glabrous or more or less hairy

within, sometimes with scales or callous protuberances or ridges in

the tube or mouth; lobes usually convolute, overlapping and

frequently also twisted to the right or to the left when viewed from

the side, very rarely valvate. Stamens 5 (very rarely 4), inserted in

the corolla-tube or mouth ; filaments filiform or more often flattened

and short or reduced to a callous swelling, often passing at the base

into more or less decurrent ridges projecting into the tube (filamental

ridges) ; anthers frequently conniving in a cone, either linear or

oblong (rarely elliptie), shortly and obtusely 2-lobed at the base with

the anther-cells polliniferous and dehiscing to the base, or sagittate

with barren tails (very frequently formed by the continuation of the

outer halves of the cells), leaving the front basal part of the connec-

tive (foot) free; foot of the connective smooth or with various

shaped projections or regular groups of spreading hairs. Pollen

nearly always spherical with 3 pores, loose or rarely more or less

cohering. Disc, if present, annular or cupular, 5-lobed or consisting

of 2-5 scales, sometimes more or less adnate to the ovary. Ovary

superior, or slightly inferior, of 2 (very rarely 3-5) united or distinct

carpels, if syncarpous, 1-celled with parietal or 2-celled with central

APOCYNACEX (Stapf). 491

placentas, if apocarpous with ventral placentas. Style 1, entire or

divided at the base; stigma various, with or without a usually bifid

apiculus and frequently with a ring or other appendages, viscous on

the surface or exuding much glutinous matter and agglutinated to

the anthers or adnate to the projections of the foot of the connective.

Ovules anatropous, usually pendulous, few or many in each carpel.

Fruit entire, baccate, drupaceous, samaroid, or consisting of 2 (rarely

3-5) baccate or follicular mericarps, rarely breaking up into 2 or 4

valves. Seeds various, frequently compressed, very often with a

tuft of hairs (coma) at one or both ends, or winged, rarely with

a plumose apical or basal awn ; testa coriaceous, crustaceous or mem-

branous. Hndosperm, if present, cartilaginous or fleshy. Embryo

straight ; cotyledons usually flat, rarely convolute or contortuplicate ;

radicle superior.

Trees, erect or scandent shrubs or perennial (very rarely annual) herbs, more

or less laticiferous ; leaves simple, generally opposite, sometimes whorled, rarely

spirally arranged, entire, pinnati-nerved; stipules (if present) short, intra-

petiolar and often joining around the stem in a transverse ridge, very rarely one

on each side of the petiole, or represented by spines ; inflorescences made up of

(often much reduced) cymes, terminal or pseudolateral or truly axillary ; cymes

solitary or clustered or gathered in loose or congested, often 2-3-tomous,

panicles, corymbs or pseudo-umbels; bracts usually small and deciduous; flowers

small to large and then often very showy.

Distris. Genera about 180, comprising over 1000 species, chiefly in the

tropics of both hemispheres.

Tribe 1. PLuMERiIo1ipEx.—Corolla salver-shaped, rarely funnel-shaped ;

lobes overlapping to the left, rarely to the right. Anthers linear, oblong or

elliptic, shortly and obtusely 2-lobed (rarely subsagittate) at the base; anther-

cells polliniferous and dehiscing to the base or nearly so, not diverging below.

Ovary syncarpous, 2-celled, or apocarpous with 2 (rarely 3-5) free or partly

connate carpels ; stigma various, usually distinctly apiculate, rarely hairy or

with frill-like appendages, often exuding more or less glutinous matter and then

sometimes sticking to the anthers in the dry state, otherwise free. Fruit

baceate, drupaceous or dry and follicular. Seeds not comose, exarillate ;

endosperm (if any) smooth, rarely grooved and ruminate; cotyledons flat.

* Ovary syncarpous.

f Ovary 1-celled; stigma glabrous,

I. Landolphia.—Style short, not or shortly exserted from the eglandular

calyx, filiform or subcolumnar, glabrous. Inflorescences terminal or pseudo-

axillary, '

tt Ovary 2-celled ; stigma tips hairy.

II. Carissa.—Armed shrubs with simple or forked spines, rarely almost spineless.

III, Acokanthera.—Unarmed shrubs.

** Ovary apocarpous, rarely imperfectly syncarpous (species of Rauwolfia).

IV. Rauwolfia.—Mericarps drupaceous ; carpels 2-ovuled.

Gonioma,—Mericarps follicular. Seeds numerous, flat, winged. Shrubs.

VI. Lochnera.— Mericarps follicular. Seeds numerous, terete, wingless. Herbs.

Tribe 2, TaBeRNaMONTANOIDEN.—Corolla salver-shaped, rarely funnel-

shaped or campanulate with a cylindric basal tube; lobes overlapping to the

left, very rarely to the right. Anthers linear, oblong or sagittate; anther-cells

hot or very slightly diverging below, and polliniferous and dehiscing to the base

or nearly so, or diverging below and passing into barren tails leaving the

glabrous foot of the connective free. Ovary apocarpous, rarely syncarpous;

492 APOOYNACEA (Stapf). .

carpels 2; stigma various, often exuding more or less glutinous matter and

sticking tightly to the anthers at least in the dry state, otherwise free. Fruit

baccate or follicular (but more or less fleshy). Seeds not comose, arillate in

follicular fruits; endosperm ventrally grooved and more or less ruminate ;

cotyledons flat.

VII. Conopharyngia.—Sepals free, not circumscissile at the base.

VIII. Voacanga.—Sepals united into a tubular or subcampanulate, 5-lobed

calyx, circumscissile at the base.

Tribe 3. Ecuirorprm.—Corolla various; lobes overlapping to the right,

very rarely to the left, or induplicate-valvate or valvate. Anthers usually

sagittate; anther-cells diverging below, the outer halves passing into barren

tailed appendages ; foot of the connective free, generally provided with projec-

tions and regularly arranged groups of spreading hairs. Ovary apocarpous ;

rarely syncarpous; stigma various, exuding a glutinous matter and tightly

agglutinated or adnate to the foot of the connective, very rarely to the base of

the filaments. Fruit dry, follicular. Seeds comose, very rarely not so; or with a

basal or apical plumose awn ; endosperm smooth, often scanty; cotyledons flat,

semiterete, convolute or contortuplicate.

* Leaves opposite, rarely whorled ; trees or shrubs with woody stems.

IX. Wrightia.—Corolla with appendages inthe throat. Anther-cone exserted

pa the corolla-tube. Seeds with a persistent basal coma ; cotyledons con-

volute.

X. Strophanthus.— Corolla fairly large, with paired appendages between the

usually long-tailed lobes. Anther-cone included in the corolla-tube. Seeds

with an apical plumose awn and a deciduous basal coma ; cotyledons plano-

convex.

XI. Oncinotis.— Corolla small, with 5 ligulate scales in the throat. Seeds with

an apical coma.

** Leaves spirally arranged; stem succulent.

XII. Adenium.—Unarmed.

XIII, Pachypodium.—Armed with spines at the base of the leaves.

I. LANDOLPHIA, Beauv.

Calyx 3-1} lin. long (or 23-8 lin. in § Mesandrecia) ; sepals 5,

free or connate below, usually more or less ovate, hairy or glabrous,

eglandular. Corolla salver-shaped; tube more or less cylindric,

4-12 lin. long, slender or rather stout, widened and staminiferous

near the base or mouth or between them without correlation to the

length of the corolla, but usually just above the calyx (higher up by

3-2 calyx-lengths in §§ Vahea and Mesandrecia) ; mouth naked,

sometimes much constricted by a callous ring ; lobes 5, narrow or

broad, overlapping to the left. Stamens included; anthers ovate to

lanceolate, minutely 2-lobed at and dehiscing to the base. Disc 0.

Ovary entire, hairy or glabrous, 1-celled; placentas 2, parietal ;

style filiform or subeolumnar, usually short to very short, or longer

and very slender (in §§Vahea and Mesandrecia) ; stigma at a’ level

with the base of the anthers, conieal from a slightly thickened base,

2-lobed; ovules numerous, pluriseriate. Fruit a globose or pear-

shaped berry, sometimes of a large size. Seeds few or many,

embedded in a juicy pulp, ovoid or oblong, smooth; endosperm

horny ; cotyledons foliaceous, very thin ; radicle short.

Landolphia. | APOCYNACEZ (Stapf). 493

Hairy or glabrous shrubs, often of a large size, usually climbing by flagelli-

form, hook-branched, terminal or pseudo-axillary tendrils (modified inflorescences)

or by sensitive inflorescences, rarely dwarf shrubs or undershrubs with partly

herbaceous branches. Leaves opposite, of varying size; secondary nerves

usually distant, rarely very close ; axillary stipules 0; axillary glands minute,

obscure, or (in § Ancylobothrys) subulate to filiform. Flowers small to middle-

sized, rarely 2 in. long in bud, pedicelled or sessile in few- or many-flowered

corymbs at the ends of the branches (sometimes overtopped by barren shoots and

then occasionally pseudo-axillary), or gathered in more or less elongate panicles at

the ends of their distant branches which are (like the rhachis) sensitive, »nd act

as hooks or tendrils.

DistRiB. Species about 50, the others in tropieal Africa and the Mascarene

Islands, In South Africa only the sections Ancylobothrys and Eulandolphia.

§ 1. ANcyLoBotHRys. Flowers sessile in dense clusters on the ends of the

branches of terminal, mostly elongate, more or less sensitive panicles ; calyx up

to 1} lin. long, hairy all over. Corolla-tube 3-12 lin. long, slender, cylindric,

slightly widened and staminiferous just above the calyx ; lobes 3-11 lin. long,

ciliate along the outer edge. Ovary hairy; style not or very slightly exceeding

the calyx. Fruit globose or obovoid, with a leathery rind, having no sclerenchy-

matic layer ; endosperm smooth.

Leaves elliptie or elliptic-oblong, 2}-44 in. by 1-2in... (1) petersiana.

Leaves more or less oblong, $-24 in. by 4-1 in.:

Leaves 13-24 in. by 3-1 in.; lateral nerves sub-

oblique, 8-10 on each side; corolla in the mature

bud up to 18 lin. long Be ba Si ;

Leaves #-1} in. by 4-3 in.; lateral nerves spread-

ing mere or less at right angles, 12-14 on each

side ; corolla in the mature bud 11-12 lin. long... (3) capensis.

§ 2. EULANDOLPHIA. Flowers many or few in dense terminal corymbs,

rarely in elongated panicles. Calyx up to 2 lin. long, hairy or almost glabrous ;

sepals usually very broad. Corolla-tube 14-3 lin. long, inflated and stamini-

ferous between the middle and the mouth, rarely at the middle; lobes 14-3 lin.

long, not ciliate. Ovary hairy or glabrous; style very short, not or scarcely

exceeding the calyx. Fruit globose to pear-shaped, with a hard rind, having a —

concentric sclerenchymatous layer.

Only species in South Africa ti i es ..» (4) Kirkii.

(2) Monteiroi.

1. L. petersiana (Dyer in Kew Report, 1880, 42); a scandent

shrub with sensitive inflorescences acting as tendrils ; young branches

minutely rusty-pubescent to tomentose, soon glabrescent, reddish or

finally greyish-brown with numerous small lenticels ; leaves elliptic

or elliptic-oblong, subacute or more commonly obtuse at both ends,

3i~—41 in. long, 11-2 in. broad, coriaceous, loosely pubescent on both

sides when quite young, soon glabrous, usually blackish and some-

what glossy above when dry, pallid beneath; midrib channelled

above, raised below; secondary nerves oblique, distinctly curved,

6-8 (rarely 10) on each side, finely channelled above, distinctly

raised below ; tertiary nerves more or less irregular and like the fine

network of veins usually distinct, brown, scarcely raised ; marginal

arches obscure ; petiole about 3 lin. long; panicle short or elongate,

peduncled, bearing clusters of many sessile flowers at the ends of

short spreading or recurved branches; branches or rhachis often

acting as tendrils, finely rusty-pubescent or glabrescent all over;

peduncle 1-4 in, long, slender; rhachis 1-1} in. long, lowest

494 APOCYNACE® (Stapf). [Landolphia.

branches from a few lines to 1 in. long; bracts ovate-lanceolate or

ovate-oblong, acute or subacute, rusty-pubeseent or tomentose;

ealyx about 1 in. long; sepals ovate-oblong, obtuse, more or less

laterally compressed in the upper half, rusty-pubescent or tomentose ;

corolla white, sweet-sconted, rather variable in size, 8-13 lin. long

(rarely longer) in bud ; tube slender, cylindric, about 3-43 lin. long,

slightly wider and staminiferous 1-13 lin. above the base, minutely

and equally pubescent above the widening; lobes obliquely oblong

or linear-oblong, acute or obtuse, 6-8 lin. long, curled-ciliate ;

anthers ovate-oblong, acute, not quite 1 lin. long; ovary globose,

very minutely rufo-tomentose; style and stigma 1 lin. long, the

latter cylindric from a thicker base, bifid; fruit globose, up to 23 in.

in diam., finely velvety ; pericarp leathery, up to 2 lin. thiek, with-

out a sclerenchymatous layer; seeds 4-9 lin. long. Ficalho, Pl.

Uteis Afr. Portug. 219; K. Schum. in Engl. Jahrb. xv. 406; L.

Planchon, Prod. Apocyn. 319; Dewevre, Caoutch. Afr. Monogr.

Landolph. 27 partly ; Jumelle, Pl. & Caoutch. et a Gutta, 57 partly ;

Morris in Journ. Soc. Arts, xlvi. 775, 780; Warb. in Tropenpfl.

ili, (1899) 222, and Kautschukpf!.118 partly; Sadebeck, Kulturg.

Deutsch. Kolon. 272 partly? Henriques, Kautsehuk, t. iv.; —

Schinz in Mém. Herb. Boiss. x. 1900, 57 ; Dyer in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2756;

Stapf in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 47. LL, petersiana, var. crassi-

JSolia, Dewevre, l.c. 29 partly ; Engl. Glied. Veg. Fl. Usambara, 26 ;

Mikosch in Wiesner, Rohstoffe, ed. 2, i. 362, not of K. Schum.

L. petersiana, var. rotundifolia, Dewevre, lc. 30. DL. scandens,

vars. petersiana, rotundifolia, and stuhlmanniana, Hallier f. Kautschu-

klianen in Jahrb. Hamburg. Wissensch. Anstalt. xvii. (1890), 3,

Beth. 82, 83. L. senensis, K. Schum. in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. B.

453. Ancylobothrys petersiana, and var. forbesiana (partly), Pierre

in Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris 1898, 91; Schinz, lc. A. rotundifolia,

Pierre, le. 92. Willughbeia petersiana and W. senensis, Klotzsch

in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. i. 281, 282.

Eastern ReGion: Delagoa Bay, Forbes !

Throughout East Africa as far north as Mombasa, and a variety to Jur.

2. L. Monteiroi (Dyer, MS.); a shrub rambling among other

shrubs, with sensitive inflorescences acting as tendrils; young

branches rusty-pubescent, soon glabrescent and dotted with brown

lenticels; leaves oblong to lanceolate-oblong, obtuse to subacute,

more or less rounded at the base, 18-21 in. long, 3-1 in. broad,

coriaceous, rusty-pubescent in bud, soon quite glabrous, dark green

above, paler below; midrib channelled above, raised below; lateral

nerves 8-10 on each side, somewhat oblique, very faintly raised on

both sides; reticulation delicate; petiole 21-8 lin. long; panicle

peduncled, bearing 2-8 dense clusters of subsessile flowers at the

ends of short sometimes spreading or recurved branches, the

peduncles (1-2 in. long) or branches acting as tendrils, rusty-

pubescent when quite young; calyx rusty-tomentose, 14 lin. long ;

sepals ovate-oblong, subaeute; corolla white, sweet-scented, up to

18 lin. long in bud; tube 6-7 lin. long, slightly inflated just above

Landolphia.] APOCYNACE® (Stapf). 495

the calyx, slender, delicately pubescent ; lobes linear-oblong, sub-

acute, about 1 in. long, margin sparingly ciliate; stamens inserted

1; lin. above the base of the corolla-tube; ovary very delicately

silky-tomentose ; ovules about 30 on each placenta, in 6 rows 3; fruit

“yellow, about the size of a small orange, pulp yellow” (R.

Monteiro), Aneylobothrys petersiana, var. forbesiana, Pierre in Bull.

Soe. Linn. Paris, 1898, 91 (partly ; without description).

Eastern ReGion : Delagoa Bay, Monteiro, 37!

The fruit is, according to Mrs. Monteiro, edible, acid, and refreshing.

3. L. capensis (Oliv. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1228); a climbing or

rambling shrub with sensitive inflorescences acting as tendrils 3 all

the young parts finely rusty-tomentose, ultimately glabrescent with

the exception of the cymes, adult branehes reddish or greyish with

few brown lenticels; leaves oblong to elliptic-oblong, obtuse at

both ends or subacute at the base, 8-15 in. long, 4-8 lin. wide,

coriaceous, dark green above, paler below, midrib slightly channelled

above, raised below, lateral nerves 12-14 on each side, subhorizontal,

faint; petiole about 13 lin. long; panicle on long or short peduncles,

frequently reduced to a single, very dense, many-flowered eyme, the

peduncles or the spreading or recurved branches often acting as

tendrils ; flowers sessile or subsessile; calyx 11 to almost 2 lin. long,

rusty-tomentose; sepals ovate-oblong, subobtuse; corolla white,

sweet-scented ; tube widened below the middle, finely pubescent

without, 5 lin. long ; lobes oblong to elliptic-oblong, obtuse, 6—7 lin.

long, margins ciliolate ; stamens inserted about 1+ lin. above the base

of the corolla; ovary finely reddish-tomentose; fruit yellowish, of

the size of a small peach, few-seeded; seeds rather flat, orbicular,

5 lin. in diam. Dewtvre, Caoutch. Afr. Monogr. Landolph. 55;

Hallier f. Kautschuklianen in Jahrb. Hamburg. Wissensch. Anstalt.

Xvii. (1899), 3, Beth. 85.

Katanari Reeton: Griqualand West ; Diamond Fields, Tuck, 4! Transvaal,

ft.; Magalies Berg, Zeyher, 1186! Burke, 405! hills near Pretoria,

Rehmann, 4295! McLea in Herb. Bolus, 3098! Bolus, 9702! Burtt Davy,

2182! near Johannesburg, Adlam, 7! Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 1472!

4. L. Kirkii (Dyer), var. delagoensis (Dewévre, Caoutch. Afric.

Monogr. Landolph. 48) ; a seandent shrub; young branches fulvo-

pubescent or finely tomentose, at length glabrescent, reddish-brown

with small whitish lenticels; leaves lanceolate to oblong, usually

gradually tapering into a short obtuse acumen, shortly acute or

obtuse at the base, 3-11 in. long, 5-6 lin. broad, thinly coriaceous,

very loosely pubescent on both sides (except the midrib which is

generally densely pubescent to villous below), finally more or less

glabrescent, chiefly above, glossy above ; midrib shallowly channelled

above, prominent below ; secondary nerves-10-12 on each side, very

slender, slightly oblique, like the delicate network of the veins

slightly raised on both sides; marginal arches obscure; petiole

slender, 2-3 lin, long; eorymbs dense, subsessile, many-flowered,

496 APOCYNACE (Stapf). | Landolphia.

about 2 in. across, fulvo-pubescent or finely tomentose all over;

bracts minute, ovate; pedicels very short; calyx scarcely 1 lin.

long; sepals ovate, acute or subacute, membranous except the

acutely edged midrib, pubescent; corolla whitish ; tube cylindric

below to the middle, then much inflated and distinetly constricted

close to the mouth, up to 2 lin. long, minutely pubescent without

in the upper half; lobes linear-oblong, subacute, as long as the

tube, finely pubescent without along the middle, mouth very narrow,

very minutely pubescent ; stamens in the upper third of the tube;

anthers linear-oblong, acute; ovary ovoid, glabrous; style and

stigma about 1 lin. long, the latter cylindric from a thieker base,

bifid; fruit obovoid-globose, 11-3 in. in diam.; seels angular, 6-8

lin. long, numerous. Jumelle, Pl. a Caoutch. et a Gutta, 320. L.

delagoensis, Pierre in Bull. Linn. Soc. Paris, 1898, 15; Warburg,

Kautschulpfl. 120 (French transl. 236).

Eastern Reaion: Delagoa Bay, Monteiro, 3! Junod.

This variety, like the typical form, yields an excellent rubber, and it is also

known by the same name, viz, “ pink rubber” (Pierre, I.c.). It differs from the

type only in the much smaller size of the leaves,

II. CARISSA, Linn.

Calyx small, eglandular, very rarely multiglandular within ;

sepals 5, very rarely 4, free or nearly so, imbricate, acute or acumi-

nate. Corolla salver-shaped ; tube slightly widened below the mouth

or near the middle; lobes usually overlapping to the right, rarely to

the left. Stamens enclosed in the widened part of the corolla-tube ;

filaments short, slender; anthers oblong, acute; cells obtuse at the

base, polliniferous and dehiscing to the base. Disc 0. Ovary entire,

2-celled ; ovules 1-4 in each cell, from the middle of the septum,

rarely more in 2-3 rows; style filiform; stigma at the level of the

anthers, or rarely some way below them, oblong, papillose and

viscous, with a 2-lobed hairy tip. rut baccate, globose to oblong.

Seeds usually 1-4, rarely more, peltate, plano-convex; hilum

central; endosperm horny ; cotyledons ovate; radicle superior.

Much branched, straggling and usually very spinous shrubs or small trees,

rarely climbing ; spines opposite, simple, rarely forked, often very stout.

Leaves coriaceous, very variable in the same individual ; axillary stipules 0;

axillary glands very minute and few, or 0. Inflorescence often umbelliform, or

corymbiform, and much contracted, terminal or pseudo-axillary, rarely cymose,

lax and few-flowered; flowers subsessile, white or tinged with pink. Berries

often edible. ;

DistR1B. Species about 19, extending into the tropics of the Old World and

Australia, £

§ 1. Ev-Carissa. Corolla-lobes overlapping to the right ; ovules 1—4 in each

cell; spines simp!e. :

Only South African species oe “a wi ... (1) edulis.

§ 2, ArDUINA. Corolla-lobes overlapping to the left; ovules 1 to many in

each cell ; spines bifurcate.

Carissa. | APOCYNACEE (Stapf). 497

Corolla-limb 2-3 in. across ; segments 2-3 times longer

than the tube; fruit ovoid, pointed, up to 2 in.

long, many-seeded ie ae Fee ss ... (2) grandiflora,

Corolla-limb much smaller than in the preceding

species; segments slightly longer or shorter than

the tube ; fruit oblong, obtuse, not much over 4 in,

long, 1-2-seeded :

Corolla-limb 1-1} in. across; segments as long as

or slightly longer than the tube; spines small,

few ... oe ve Es ae x 3 ... (3) Wyliei.

Corolla-limb 4 in. across ; segments much shorter, :

than the tube; spines numerous, 3-14 in. long... (4) Arduina.

1. C. edulis (Vahl), var. tomentosa (Stapf in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Afr. iv. i. 90) ; a very much branched straggling or climbing shrub ;

branches and leaves tomentose, at least in the young state ; spines

simple, straight or recurved, 1-2 in. long, rarely almost suppressed ;

leaves ovate to ovate-elliptic or sublanceolate, rarely orbicular,

9-24 lin. long, 9-18 lin, broad, sometimes much smaller, rounded at

the base or subcuneate, acute and often mucronate, rarely obtuse,

coriaceous ; nerves 3-5, faint on both sides; petiole 1-12 lin. long;

calyx 11-2 lin. long; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, ciliolate, glabrous

or puberulous ; corolla white or purple turning white, glabrous or

minutely hairy at the mouth and on the inner surface of the lobes,

6-9 (rarely 4—6) lin. long; lobes ovate or oblong, acute, 11-4 lin.

long; berry globose, purple to black, 1—2 in. in diam., edible ; seeds

2-4. ©. tomentosa, A. Rich. Tent. Hl. Abyss. ii. 30; Engl. Hoch-

gebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 340. ©. pilosa, Schinz in Verhandl. Bot. Ver.

Brandenb. xxx. 258. Jasminonerium tomentosum, O. Kuntze, Rev.

Gen. Pl, ii. 415.

KatawAri ReGion: Transvaal; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6455! 6456! near

Shiluvane, 2000 ft., Junod, 620!

The area of this variety extends westwards to Damaraland and northwards to

Eritrea. The typical form is common throughout Tropical Africa, and also

occurs in Southern Arabia.

2. C. grandiflora (A.DC. Prodr. viii. 335); a glabrous shrub, up

to 15 ft. high, of compact habit, with strong simply or twice

‘ bifureate spines; spines up to 11 in. long; leaves broad-ovate,

rarely ovate-lanceolate, rounded (rarely acute) at the base, mucronate,

1-3 in. long, 32 in. wide, coriaceous, dark green above, paler below ;

secondary nerves about 6 on each side, like the veins very obscure,

particularly below; petiole 1-12 lin. long; cymes terminal, few-

flowered or reduced to a single flower, sometimes in the fork of a

spine ; pedicels 1-13 lin. long; calyx 13-3 lin. long; sepals ovate

to ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, mucronate, margins revolute ; corolla

white, fragrant, very variable in size; tube 4-6 lin. long, hairy

within ; lobes oblong to elliptic, narrowed towards the base, 2-12 in.

long, overlapping to the left; stamens inserted slightly above the

middle of the corolla-tube ; ovules numerous ; berry ovoid, pointed,

Scarlet, up to 2 in. long, about 16-seeded ; seeds plano-convex, rather

flat, elliptic in outline, 23 lin. long. ZL. Planch. Prod. Apocyn. 140;

Wood, Natal Pl. i, 14, t. 14; Sim, For. Fl. Cape Col. 269, t. elv.

VOL. IV.—SECT. I.—PAaRT IV. Kk

498 ApocyNACE® (Stapf). : [ Carissa.

fig. 1. C. macrocarpa, A.DC. Prodr. viii. 336. Arduina maero-

carpa, Eckl. in South Afr. Quart. Jowrn. i. (1830), 372. A.

grandiflora, E. Meyer in Drege Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Doc. 154;

K. Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 126. Jasmino-

nerium grandiflorum, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ui. 415.

Eastern Reaion: Natal; woods near Durban, Krauss, 88! Peddie!

Nelson, 44! Grant! Wilms, 2133! between Umtentu River and Umzimkulu

River, Drége! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 755! Cooper, 1235!

The fruit is known as Natal Plum or Amatungulu, and used for making jam.

The plant is a valuable hedge shrub. Medley Wood states that there are long and

short-styled flowers, the long-styled ones being functionally female, the others male.

3. C. Wyliei (N. HE. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1906, 165); a glabrous

shrub with slender green almost unarmed branches ; spines very

scanty and small; leaves ovate, rounded or shortly acute at the base,

very acute or mucronate at the tip, 2-41 in. long, 1-2 in. wide,

thinly coriaceous, dull or almost glaucous-green above, paler below ;

secondary nerves about 7-9 on each side, like the veins slightly

prominent ; petiole 1-11 lin. long; cymes terminal, 3-6-flowered,

subsessile ; pedicels very slender, 2-3 lin. long ; calyx 1} lin. long;

sepals lanceolate, long-acuminate ; corolla white or pinkish (?) ; tube

6 lin. long, slender, hairy within ; lobes lanceolate-oblong, acute,

6-7 lin. long, 2 lin. wide; fruits oblong, subacute, up to 7 lin. long

and 3 lin. in diam., red, 2-seeded ; seeds plano-convex, very flat, up

to 5 lin. long.

Eastern Reeton: Zululand; Ngoya, 1000-2000 ft., Wylie in Herb. Wood,

7898! 8631!

4. C. Arduina (Lam. Encycl. i. 555); a glabrous, rarely pubes-

cent shrub up to 10 ft. high, with numerous green simply or

repeatedly bifureate spines 1-11 in. long; leaves very variable,

generally ovate, acute, mucronulate, obtuse or sometimes cordate,

and as long as broad, sometimes oblong or nearly lanceolate, 3-3 in.

long, 3-2 in. broad, dark shining green above, paler below ; secondary

nerves about 6-8 on each side, like the veins faintly prominent or

quite obscure, mainly below; petiole 1-3 lin. long; cymes sub-

sessile or shortly peduncled, few- to many-flowered, glabrous or sub- —

glabrous; pedicels slender, 1-22 lin. long; calyx 3—1 lin. long ;

sepals lanceolate, acuminate, ciliolate, glabrous or very finely puberu-

lous, pale pink ; corolla white, fragrant; tube 3-4 lin. long, densely

hairy at the throat; lobes overlapping to the left, ovate to lanceolate.

2-21 lin. long; stamens inserted between the middle and the mouth ;

ovule 1 in each cell; berry scarlet, oblong, acute, 4-73 lin. long, 1-2-

seeded, edible. DC. Prodr. viii. 334; L. Planch. Prod. Apocyn.

141, 258; Lewin in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. Beibl. 41, 49, 50; Schinz in

Mém. Herb. Boiss. x. 56; Stapf in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 91;

Sim, For, Fl. Cape Col. 269. ©. bispinosa, Desf. Tabl. Bcol. Bot.

78. ©. ferox, DC. l.c. 335; Sim, For. Fl. Cape Col. 269.

acuminata, DC. l.e. 335; Wood, Natal Pl. t. 203. C. myrtordes,

Desf. Cat. Hort. Paris, ed. 3,398; DC. 1.c. 335. C. erythrocarpa,

DC. Le, C. hematoearpa, DV. lc. 336, C. oblongifolia, Hochst.

Carissa. | APOCYNACER (Stapf). 499

in Flora, 1844, 827. C. bispinata (by error), Lewin in Virchow’s

Arch. Path. Anat. u. Physiol. Bd. 134, 246. Arduina lispinosa,

Linn. Mant. i. 52; Lodd. Bot. Cat. t. 387; K. Schum. in Engl. ¢

Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 126; in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 315.

A. erythrocarpa, Eckl. in South Afr. Quart. Journ. i. (1830), 372.

A. hematocarpa, Eckl. lc. A. ferox, E. Meyer, Comm. 191; K.

Schum. in Engl. § Prantl, lc. A. acuminata, E. Meyer, lc. K.

Schum. in Engl. §& Prantl, lc. Lycium cordatum, Mill. Gard.

Diet. ed. viii. (1768), no. 10. Jasminonerium acuminatum, J.

bispinosum, J. erythrocarpum, J. feroz, J. hematocarpum, and J.

oblongifolium, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 415.

Coast Region: Swellendam Div.! between Rietkuil and Hemel-en-Aarde,

Zeyher, 3415! Bredasdorp Div.; Elim, Schlechter, 9667! Mossel Bay Div. ;

Mossel Bay, Burchell, 6305 ! George Div.; between Malgaten River and Great

Brak River, Burchell, 6141! Uitenhage Div.; Zuurberg Range, at Bontjes

River, Drege! Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 3414a! 3416! and without precise

locality, Zeyher, 3808! 428! Albany Div.; between Assegai Bosch and the

Bushmans River, Burchell, 4188! Grahamstown, Miss Daly, 61! MacOwan,

2813! and in Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr. 760! Bathurst Div.; Blaauw Krantz,

Burchell, 3679! between Blaauw Krantz and Kasuga River, Burchell, 3898!

British Kaffraria, Cooper, 47!

Centrat Reeton: Somerset Div.; Bosch Berg, Burchell, 3122! 3223! 3246!

MacOwan, 1768! near the Little Fish River and Great Fish River, Drége!

between Little Fish River and Commadagga, Burchell, 3287! 3288! Comma-

dagga, Burchell, 3315 ! 3317!

KaLawart Recion: Transyaal ; Klerksdorp, mountain summit, Nelson, 308 !

Houtbosch Berg, Nelson, 421!

Eastern Recion: Pondoland; between St. Johns River and Umtsikaba

River, below 1000 ft., Drége! Natal; Durban, Peddie! Inanda, Wood, 300!

Nottingham, Buchanan, 187! between Pietermaritzburg and Newcastle, Wilms,

2132! and without precise locality, Gueinzius ! Cooper, 1103! 1235! Sanderson !

Gerrard, 147!

Extends to Rhodesia and British Central Africa.

III. ACOKANTHERA, G. Don.

(AcocantHerRA, K. Schum.)

Calyx small, eglandular within ; sepals free or almost so, imbri-

cate, acute or acuminate, more or less scarious. Corolla salver-

shaped; tube slightly widened near the mouth ; lobes short, over-

lapping to the left. (Stamens enclosed in the widened part of the

tube ; anthers ovate-oblong, connective produced into a short

minutely pilose point, shortly 2-lobed at and dehiscing to the base.

Dise 0. Ovary entire, 2-celled ; style filiform; stigma short, conic

or cylindric, with a ring of papillz at the base and a minutely 2-lobed

hairy apiculus ; ovule 1 in each cell, pendulous, attached to the

centre of the septum. Fruit a globose or ellipsoid berry. Seeds

2, or 1 (by abortion), peltate, sessile on the septum, plano-convex ;

hilum oblong, rather large ; endosperm bony; cotyledons broadly

ovate or subcordate ; radicle superior.

Unarmed shrubs or small trees, Leaves thickly coriaceous ; axillary stipules

9; axillary glands 0 or very scanty and minute. Corymbs very shortly

peduncled or sessile, axillary, often reduced to clusters; flowers subsessile,

white or tinged with pink, usually a6 90 ae

500 ApocyNnacem® (Stapf). [ Acokanthera.

DisTR1B. Species 3, in Tropical Africa and South Africa, 1 extending to Arabia.

Leaves not more than twice as long as broad; corolla-

tube 34-5 lin, long re ae ate a <

Leaves about three times as long as broad ; corolla-tube

79lin: long 3. “ vs wee wae (2): spectadilis.

(1) venenata.

1, A, venenata (G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 485) ; ashrubora gnarled

tree, up to 14 ft. high, glabrous (except sometimes the inflorescence) ;

young branches compressed or ancipitous, smooth; leaves mostly

ovate or elliptic, sometimes oblong, rarely lanceolate, acute and

usually mucronulate, rarely obtuse, acute at the base, 11-4 in. long,

32 jn. broad, pale or olive-green when dry, somewhat shining

above or on both sides; secondary nerves 6-10 on each side, often

with similar interposed tertiary nerves, oblique, parallel, prominent

on both sides ; veins distinct or obscure; petiole stout, 1-2 lin. long ;

clusters glabrous or puberulous, sessile or subsessile, usually many-

flowered ; bracts ovate, brown or the upper pinkish ; calyx glabrous

or puberulous, 1 lin. long; sepals ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acute to

subacuminate, distinctly to very obscurely ciliolate ; corolla white to

pink, sweet-scented ; tube 33-5 lin. long, puberulous or glabrous

without, hairy within ; lobes broad-ovate, acute or shortly acuminate,

somewhat over 1 lin. long; anthers 1—% lin. long; stigma short,

obtuse, conic; berry globose, 1 in. in diam., purplish-black ; seeds

semi-globose or semi-ellipsoid, 4-6 lin. long. Vatke ex Schweinf. in

Engl. Jahrb. xvii. Beibl. 41, 46 (footnote) ; Holmes in Pharm.

Journ. ser. 3, xxiv. 42; K. Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

iv. ii, 126 (not of Schweinf. ex Lewin in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. Beibl.

41, 46, and Lewin, l.c. 49-51, 47, fig. A. nor L. Planchon, Prod.

Apocyn. 255, nor Vogtherr in Kohler, Mediz. Pfl. iii. t. 64) ; Stapf

in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 94; Sim, For, Fl. Cape Col. 270,

t. eliv. fig. 1. A. Lamarkit, G. Don, le. A. Schimpert, Schweinf.

in Boll. Soc. Afr. Italia, x. (1891) xi.-xii. 12 (the Taita plant) ;

Paz in Engl. Pfl. Ost.-Afr. B. 519 (the Tata plant). A. abyssinica,

K. Schum. in Engl. Pfl. Ost.-Afr. A. 48 (partly ?). Cestrum

venenatum, Thunb. Prodr. 36; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 193. .¢.

oppositifolium, Lam. Ill. ii. 5, t. 112, fig. 2; Poir. Suppl. ii. 182.

Toxicophlea Thunbergii, Harv. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. i. 24,

and Thes. Cap. 10, t. 16. 7. cestroides, A.DC. Prodr. viii. 336.

Sideroxylum toxiferum, Thunb. Trav. ed. 3, i. 156.

Coast ReGion: Mossel Bay Div.; near Mossel Bay, Burchell, 6228 ! 6300 !

George Div.; near Kaymans River Gat, Drége/ Knysna Div. ; near the

Bitou River, Burchell, 5803! near the Goukamma River, Burchell, 5603 | near

Knysna River Ford, Burchell, 5541! Uitenhage Div. ; Zuur Berg, Cooper,

1549! and without precise locality, Zeyher, 1184! Albany Div. ; Grahamstown,

MacOwan, 433! and without precise locality, Cooper, 1549! near the mouth of

the Kowie River, MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 814! Bathurst Div. ;

at the mouth of the Great Fish River, Burchell, 3747! Queenstown Div. ;

Finchams Nek, 4000 ft., Galpin, 1888! Eastern districts, Cooper, 49!

Katauart ReGion: Transvaal; near Pretoria, McLea in Herb. Bolus, 5700 !

Eastern Reaion: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 982! and without precise locality,

Gerrard, 1391

Also in Tropical Africa.

Acokanthera. | APOCYNACEH (Stapf). 501

According to Thunberg, the root is used by the Hottentots for poisoning

arrows. The Dutch call it ‘* Gift-boom.”

2. A. spectabilis (Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 6359); a tall shrub

or small tree up to 15 ft. high, glabrous (except sometimes the

inflorescences) ; young branches compressed; leaves elliptie or

oblong-lanceolate, aeute, rarely obtuse, generally mucronate, acute

at the base, 23-5 in. long, 1-2 in. broad, very coriaceous, dark

green, paler and sometimes purplish beneath; secondary nerves

usually 7-10 on each side, sometimes with similar tertiary nerves

between them, faint or like the reticulating veins slightly prominent

on both sides ; petiole stout, 2—4 lin. long; corymbs or clusters short,

dense, many-flowered, subsessile, glabrous or puberulous; bracts

ovate, eaducous, ciliolate ; calyx more or less pubescent, green or

whitish, 13 lin, long; sepals ovate-lanceolate, ciliolate; corolla

white, tinged with pink, fragrant; tube 7-9 lin. long, pubescent or

almost glabrous without, hairy within ; lobes ovate to oblong, acute,

2-3 lin. long ; anthers 3 lin. long; stigma short, cylindric, obtusely

apiculate ; berry ellipsoid, 1 lin. long or longer, purplish-black ;

seeds 1-2, semi-ellipsoid, 5-9 lin. long. K. Schum. in Engl. &

Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 126; Wood, Natal Pl. 60, t. 74; Stapf

in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 95. A. venenata, Schweinf. ex Lewin

in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. Beibl. 41, 46, and Lewin, le. 47-51; L.

Planchon, Prod. Apocyn. 255; Vogtherr in Kohler, Mediz. Pf. iii.

(text to t. 64); not of G. Don. A. venenata, var. spectabilis, Sim,

For. Fl. Cape Col. 270, t. cliv. fig. 2. A. sp., Benth. et Hook. f.

Gen. Pl. ii. 696. Carissa oblongifolia, Hochst. in Flora, 1844, 827,

and ex Walp. Rep. vi. 466. Toxicophlea spectabilis, Dyer ex Gard.

Chron, 1872, 363; Flor. Mag. new ser. t. 20; Gard. Chron. xv.

(1894), 209, Jig. 23; Rev. Hort. 1879, 270, with plate; 1888, 517

with fig. T. Lhunbergti, Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 79; Gartenflora,

1878, t. 940; Rev. Hort. 1880, 870, with plate; Ill. Hort. xxxii.

(1885) ¢, 553, not of Harvey.

Coast Region: Bathurst Div. ; wooded sand-hills near the sea, Bowker !

Bathurst Div.; mouth of the Great Fish River, Burchell, 3760! East London

Div.; coast at East London, Galpin, 1850!

EasteRN Recion: Natal 3; near The Point, Krauss, 361! near Durban,

Wood, 1017! Wilms, 2005! in woods along the coast, Wood in MacOwan, Herb.

Austr.-Afr. 1501! and without precise locality, Cooper, 1247! 1262! 1263!

Gerrard, 88!

Sim (l.c.) considers this as ‘the eastern coast form” of A. venenata, into

“which it merges gradually . . . in accordance with surroundings.” ;

O. Kuntze indicates this species from Hereroland (Jahrb, Berl. Bot. Gart. iv.

1886, 268). I suspect that this is due to a confusion with A, venenata. The

plant contains a deadly poison.

IV. RAUWOLFIA, Linn.

Calyx small, eglandular within, more or less herbaceous ; sepals 5,

almost free and imbricate or united into a flat 5-toothed cup.

Corolla salver-shaped ; tube slightly widened below the mouth,

very rarely just below the middle; mouth constricted, without

appendages, usually villous; lobes 5, twisted and overlapping

502 ; -APOCYNACES (Stapf). [ Rawwolfia.

to the left. Stamens in the widened part of the tube; fila-

ments short; anthers free from the stigma, ovate, usually rather

obtuse, shortly and obtusely 2-lobed. at the base; anther-cells

polliniferous and dehiscing to the base. Disc annular or cup-shaped,

entire or slightly lobed. Carpels 2, free or more or less coherent ;

style filiform or columnar; stigma capitate, shortly cylindric,

minutely papillose and slightly viscous, with a basal deflexed rim

or membrane and a usually very short slightly bilobed apiculus

rising from a shallow depression; ovules 2 in each cell, col-

lateral. Mericarps 2 (or often 1 by abortion), free or more or

less united, drupaceous ; pyrenes crustaceous, 1—2-seeded, more or

less compressed. Seeds ovoid; endosperm fleshy ; cotyledons flat ;

radicle straight or recurved.

Mostly glabrous trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite or verticillate, those of a

whorl often very unequal; axillary stipules 0; axillary glands numerous, in a

dense fringe or in clusters, frequently secreting resin. Inflorescences terminal

or pseudo-axillary, peduncled, few- or many-flowered, often repeatedly 2-3-

chotomous, compound, umbelliform or corymbose, rarely racemiform ; flowers

small.

Disrris. Over 50 species, in the tropics of both hemispheres, 2 of them also in

South Africa, :

Leaves narrow-lanceolate ($-14 in. broad), long and

gradually acuminate at both ends; petioles 4-1} in.

long, slender a wp vee eas =i

Leaves oblanceolate (14-23 in. broad), acute or sub-

acuminate, long attenuated at the base and more or

less decurrent on the usually short and stout petiole.. (2) natalensis.

1. R. caffra (Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 77) ; a large tree, 50-60 ft.

high, quite glabrous; young branches angular or almost terete,

stout, blackish-brown when dry; leaves in whorls of 3-5, unequal,

lanceolate, long acuminate, long cuneate at the base, 3-8 in. long,

8-11 in. broad, membranous, rather firm; secondary nerves 20-30

on each side, straight or curved, subhorizontal; veins obscure or

more or less distinct below; petioles up to 1} in. long; cymes

dense, at the ends of the secondary or tertiary rays of large umbels ;

flowers shortly pedicelled or subsessile; peduncles 1-2} in. long;

primary rays 3-11 in. long, secondary rays 1-1 in. long; calyx

1-2 lin, long ; lobes ovate, acute ; corolla white; tube 1}-2 lin.

long, mouth very hairy ; lobes ovate, very short, subacute ; carpels

connate at the base in the flower, more or less fused in the fruit or

usually only one developing; style glabrous, 3 lin. long; stigma

truncate with a reflexed membrane ; fruit a simple drupe (by abortion),

obovoid or almost globose, 3 lin. long, or an obcordate twin drupe.

Stapf in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 110.

Katanarit Recion: Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Zeyher, 1183! Burke, 118!

a. River, Burke! bank of a river at Avoca, near Barberton, Galpin,

ieee (in a slightly different form) in the Katanga District of the Congo Free

2. R. natalensis (Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 78); a tree, 30-40 ft.

high, quite glabrous ; young branches terete, stout, blackish or brown

(1) caffra.

Rauwolfia.| APOCYNACEA (Stapf). 503

when dry ; leaves in whorls 3-4, oblanceolate, acute or subacuminate,

long attenuated towards the base and more or less decurrent on the

petiole, 5-12 in. long, 11-21 in. broad, firmly membranous, pale

dull green ; secondary nerves 18-30 on each side, slightly curved,

subhorizontal ; veins quite obscure or very faint, loosely anastomos-

ing ; petiole 2-12 lin. long, stout; cymes very dense, at the ends

of the secondary rays of large umbels; peduncle 2-3} in. long,

stout ; primary rays 1-2 in. long; secondary rays 3-6 lin. long ;

pedicels in flower up to 3 lin. long, in fruit up to 1 lin. long; calyx

= lin. long; lobes broad, ovate, subacute ; corolla-tube about 2 lin.

long, densely villous at the mouth; lobes small, rounded; carpels

connate at the base or half-way up in flower; fruit a more or less

obovoid or subglobose drupe, 4 lin. long (semimature). K. Schum.

in Lingl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 154; Stapf in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Afr. iv. i. 111; Sim, For. Fl, Cape Col. 270, t. clvi.

Eastern Reeion: Pondoland; through the Hgossa Forest to Port S. John,

ex Sim. Natal; by the Umzinyati River, Wood, 648! and without precise

locality, Bowker! Gerrard, 1585!

Locally known as the Quinine-tree. Also in Tropical Africa.

V. GONIOMA, E. Meyer.

Calyx small, eglandular within, more or less herbaceous ; sepals 5,

free, imbricate, obtuse. Corolla salver-shaped ; tube cylindric,

scarcely widened above the middle; mouth constricted, without

appendages, glabrous ; lobes 5, overlapping to the left, auricled at

the base of the inner half. Stamens inserted at the middle of the

corolla-tube ; filaments filiform, short; anthers free from the stigma,

ovate-lanceolate, acute, shortly and obtusely 2-lobed at the base ;

anther-cells polliniferous and dehiscing to the base. Disc0. Carpels

2, free, glabrous ; style filiform ; stigma cylindric-oblong, exannular,

apiculus subulate; ovules numerous in each cell, pluriseriate,

Mericarps 2, follicular, coriaceous, oblong or linear-oblong, apiculate,

subterete, straight or slightly curved. Seeds pluriseriate, imbricate,

quite flat, broad-cuneate or rectangular, with a broad wing at each

end ; nucleus elliptic, oblique or subhorizontal in the middle of the

seed ; endosperm fleshy ; cotyledons flat, ovate, slightly longer than

the cylindric radicle. °

A glabrous shrub with opposite or 3-4-nate, coriaceous, shining leaves ;

axillary stipules 0; axillary glands few, minute. Inflorescences terminal,

densely corymbose ; flowers small.

Distris. Species 1, endemic.

1. G. Kamassi (E. Meyer, Comm. 189) ; leaves oblong to lanceo-

late, acute to subobtuse, attenuated into the short petiole, 13-83 in.

long, 3-1 in. wide, lateral nerves usually quite obseure, 12-15 on

each side, oblique; petiole 2-4 lin. long; corymbs subsessile, up to

1; in. in diam. ; pedicels slender, 13-21 lin. long; calyx 1 lin. long ;

corolla yellow, fragrant ; tube 3-3} lin. long ; lobes orbicular, over

1 lin. in diam.; anthers 3 lin. long; follicles 1-23 lin. long, 4-5

504 APOCYNACER (Stapf). [| Gonioma,

in. wide; seeds (ineluding wings) 7-9 lin. long, 3-3} lin. wide;

embryo 3 lin. long. DC. Prodr. viii. 388; L. Planchon, Prod.

Apocyn. 185, 259; K. Schum. in Engl. §& Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

iv. ii. 137; F. Miller, Select. Extratrop. Pl. ed. ix. 241; Sim,

For. Fl. Cape Col. 271, t. cx. G. Kamassi, var. brachycarpum, LE.

Meyer, l.c. 189. Gonioma, Harv. Gen. South Afr. Pl. ed. 2, 246.

Tabernemontana Camassi, Eckl. in South Afr. Quart. Journ. 1.

(1830), 371.

Coast Recion: George Div. ; near George, Burchell, 6044! 6071! Knysna

Div. ; Bosch River, Drége! Uitenhage Div.; Van Stadens Berg, in forest,

1000 ft., MacOwan, 1055! Zeyher, 730! near Sand Fontein and Matjes Fontein,

Drége! Galgebosch, Drége ! in the forests. of Krakakamma and Adow, Zeyher,

730! between Van Stadens River and Galgebosch, Burchell, 4676! Bathurst

Div. ; between Blaauw Krantz and Kowie Port, Burchell, 3659! near Barville

Park, Burchell, 4188! Hast London Div.; near East London, Wood in Herb.

polos 3352! Leighton in MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Af?.,

36 .

This yields the hard, yellow Kamassi wood.

VI. LOCHNERA, Reichb.

(Vinca, Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 703 partly.)

Calyx middle-sized, herbaceous, eglandular within; sepals 5,

subulate, scareely imbricate. Corolla salver-shaped ; tube slender,

eylindrie, slightly widened below the constricted eallous velvety

mouth ; lobes overlapping to the left. Stamens in the widened part

of the corolla-tube ; filaments very short; anthers free from the

stigma; ovate-lanceolate, acute, shortly and obtusely 2-lobed at the

base ; anther-cells polliniferous and dehiscing to the base. Disc

replaced by two long linear glands alternating with the carpels.

Carpels 2, free; style filiform ; stigma slightly below the level of

the anthers, depressed-capitate, viscous with a long byaline reflexed

frill at the base and a minute obtuse 2-lobed apiculus surrounded by

a very short erect membranous rim; ovules numerous, 2-seriate.

Mericarps follicular, cylindric, slightly spreading. Seeds numerous,

small; testa rugose; hilum lateral; endosperm flesby ; cotyledons

oblong, flat, shorter than the thick radicle.

Annual or perennial herbs or small undershrubs ; leaves opposite ; axillary

stipules 0; axillary glands numerous in a fringe, the outer long, filiform, the

inner minute. Flowers axillary, solitary or paired, white or pink.

Distris. Species 3, indigenous in tropical America, India and Madagascar.

One species widely diffused as a weed throughout the tropical and subtropical

regions of both hemispheres,

1. L. rosea (Reichb. Conspectus, 134); a small undershrub, up

to 3 ft. high; leaves obovate or oblong (rarely subacute) and apieu-

late, acute at the base, 11-3 in. long, 3-12 in. broad, herbaceous,

finely pubescent to tomentose; petioles 1-4 lin. long; pedicels up

to 1 lin. long, pubescent; corolla white or pink ; tube puberulous,

1 in. long; lobes broad, obliquely obovate, apiculate, $ in. long ;

follicles up to 11 in. long, spreadingly pubescent, striate. Schnizl.

Lochnera. | APOCYNACE (Stapf). 505

Iconogr. t. 132, figs. 2-16; K. Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflan-

zenfam. iv. ii. 145, fig. 57, A-D., and in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 316 ;

L. Planchon, Prod. Apocyn. 231, 284; Durand § Schinz, Etudes

Fi, Congo, i. 190; De Wild. & Durand, Contrib. Fl. Congo, fase.

li. 39, and Relig. Dewevr. 151 ; Stapf in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i.

118. Vinca rosea, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. x. 944; Gaertn. De Frucet.

ii, 172, t. 117; DC. Prodr. viii. 382; Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl.

Bras. vi. i. 69, t. 25; Hook. Niger Flora, 450; Grisebach, Fl.

Brit. West Ind. 410; Cardoso jun. in Bolet. Soc. Brot. xiii. 144;

Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 667. Catharanthus roseus, G. Don,

Gen. Syst. iv, 95.—Vinca fol. oblongo-ovatis, Mill. Ic. t. 186.

EasteERN REGION: Natal; near Durban, Wilms, 2131! and without precise

locality, Cooper, 2748! 2749! Grant! Delagoa Bay, Wilms, 926!

Probably a native of the West Indies, now widely naturalized in the tropics of

both hemispheres, chiefly near the coast.

VII. CONOPHARYNGIA, G. Don.

(TABERNEMONTANA, Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 706 partly.)

Calyx small (at least comparatively), subcoriaceous; sepals united

at the base only, imbricate, obtuse, each with several minute glands

inside the base. Corolla salver-shaped, small to large, often very

fleshy ; tube cylindric, spindle- or barrel-shaped, widest at or below

the middle, sometimes twisted, naked at the mouth, usually more or

less tomentose inside ; lobes overlapping to the left, inflexed and

descending into the corolla-tube in bud. Stamens in the widened

part of the eorolla-tube ; anthers conniving into a cone, subsessile,

included, rarely shortly exserted in species with a short corolla-tube,

lanceolate, acute, sagittate ; tails solid, barren ; filaments reduced to

a callous swelling; filamental ridge usually distinct. Dise 0.

Carpels 2, free; style filiform to columnar, short (at least com-

paratively); stigma cylindric, grooved, with an entire or lobed

projecting rim or short frill at the base and a minute 2-lobed

apiculus, more rarely (§ Leptopharyngia) elliptic or globose, delicately

papillose, not grooved, with a usually toothed rim at the base and a

conspicuous 2-fid papillose apiculus as long as or rather longer than

the rest of the stigma. Mericarps baccate, usually more or less

globose or ovoid, smooth, rarely keeled or warty and tardily

dehiscent when drying up. Seeds numerous, embedded in a usually

fleshy pulp, more or less ellipsoid, deeply grooved ventrally ; testa

crustaceous; endosperm fleshy, ruminate; cotyledons ovate, longer

_ or shorter than the radicle.

Trees, often tall, or shrubs. Leaves opposite, more or less coriaceous, some-

times very large ; axillary stipules distinct, very obtuse, united into a very short

tubular sheath, usually with very numerous resiniferous glands within, In-

florescences terminal or pseudo-axillary, corymbose, rarely panicled or reduced

to few-flowered cymes. Flowers large and showy to middle-sized, rarely small,

usually white and fragrant.

506 APOCYNACES (Stapf). [ Conopharyngia.

DistRiB. Species about 25, mostly in tropical Africa; a few in the Mascareue

Islands.

§ 1. SarncopHaRynerA. Corolla-tube 3-3) in. long, fleshy 3 stigma more or

less cylindric, grooved, with a projecting entire or lobed rim at the base, and a

minute apiculus, :

Corolla-tube $in. long... ae ra Fe ... (1) ventricosa.

§ 2, LepropHaRyNneta. Corolla-tube }-} in. long, comparatively thin.

Stigma ellipsoid or globose, minutely papillose, not grooved, with a usually

toothed rim at the base and a conspicuous papillose 2-fid apiculus as long as or

longer than the rest of the stigma.

Only species in South Africa...

1. C. ventricosa (Stapf in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 149); a

tree, 20-25 ft. high, perfectly glabrous; branches terete, fistular,

olive-green when dry; leaves oblong, obscurely acuminate, acute at

the base, 4-7 in. long, 11-3 in. broad, subcoriaceous ; secondary

nerves 13-17 on each side, suboblique; petiole 3-7 lin. long;

inflorescence eorymbose, dense ; peduncle rather stout, about 2 in.

long; bracts ovate, acute, 2-3 lin. long; pedicels 1-2 lin. long;

calyx 2-22 lin. long ; sepals rotundate, ovate-obtuse ; corolla white ;

tube ellipsoid, constricted at both ends, 4—5 lin. long, velvety

between the filamental ridges, otherwise glabrous; lobes ovate-

oblong, slightly longer than the tube, wavy ; stamens inserted just

below the middle of the corolla-tube ; anthers 3 lin. long, reaching

slightly beyond the mouth; style 11 lin. long; fruit unknown.

Taberneemontana ventricosa, Hochst. ex DC. Prodr. viii. 366 ;

Krauss in Flora, 1844, 828; Sim, For. Fl. Cape Col. 271, t. clv.

Jig. iii.

Eastern Reaion: Pondoland; in swamps, ex Sim. Natal; woods near the

Umgeni River, Krauss, 146! Inanda, Wood, 787! and without precise locality,

Gerrard, 1423!

2. C. elegans (Stapf in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 149); a shrub,

8-10 ft. high ; branches terete, rather stout, drying more or less

black ; leaves narrowly oblong to lanceolate, subacuminate or

obtuse, acute at the base, 4—6 in. long, 14-2 in. broad, subcoriaceous,

opaque when dry, much paler beneath; secondary nerves 16-22 on

each side, almost horizontal and straight; inflorescence corymbose

or paniculate, terminal, more or less overtopped by young shoots,

many-flowered, loose ; pedunele 1-2 in. long; bracts small, searious,

caducous ; pedicels slender, up to 6 lin. long ; calyx 1-1} lin. long ;

sepals rotundate-ovate, obtuse, not ciliolate, with 1 bifid or 2-3

entire basal glands within; corolla yellowish-white; tube short,

eylindric, 3-31 lin. long, constricted and thin and glabrous within

below the stamens, more fleshy and hairy within in the upper part;

lobes oblong, 43 lin. long; stamens inserted 1 lin. above the base

of the corolla-tube; anthers subsagittate, with short'solid basal

points, 1 lin. long; style 2 in. long; stigma subulate, densely

papillose, 2-fid, from a globose or ellipsoid viscid base, supported by:

a ring of 10 small spreading lobes; berries obliquely ovoid, with

apiculate recurved tips and 1 dorsal and 2 lateral ridges, up to 2 in.

(2) elegans.

Conopharyngia. | APOCYNACEZ (Stapf). 507

long, fleshy, covered with numerous suberous warts, at length dehis-

cing ventrally. Zaberneemontana elegans, Stapf in Kew Bulletin,

1894, 24; K. Schum. in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 316.

Hastern ReoGion: Delagoa Bay, Monteiro, 55! and specimen cultivated in

Durban Botanic Garden, Wood, 8598 !

Also in Hast Africa, as far as Mombasa.

VIII. VOACANGA, Thouars.

(TABERN&/ MONTANA, Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 706 partly. Pirronana,

Harv. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. (1842) 135, and in Hook. Lond. Journ, i. 25.)

Calyx tubular or subcampanulate, 5-lobed, early circumscissile at

the base and deciduous, or more persistent, tardily circumscissile or

splitting longitudinally, with a ring or zone of (often numerous)

small glands at or above the base ; lobes obtuse, imbricate. Corolla

salver-shaped; tube staminiferous above the middle, constricted

below the stamens and at the mouth, with callous thickenings round

the often very narrow orifice, more or less twisted from left to right,

very rarely straight, with prominent filamental ridges; lobes broad,

obtuse, as long as or longer than the tube and more or less spreading,

rarely much shorter and tightly reflexed, tips not inflexed in bud.

Anthers sessile, adnate by a broad base to the. corolla-tube, deeply

sagittate ; tips subulate, usually more or less exserted, or reaching

close to the mouth; basal tails horny, slender, solid. Dise usually

annular, very fleshy, surrounding the base of the ovary, or cupular

and concealing the ovary, very rarely reduced to an inconspicuous

ring, more or less confluent with the base of the ovary. Carpels 2,

semi-ovoid or semi-globose, free, very rarely connate to the middle ;

style columnar, thickened upwards; stigma subcapitate, 5-grooved

with a fleshy wavy ring or frill at the base; ovules multiseriate,

very numerous on bifid placentas. Mericarps baccate, globose or

pear-shaped, more or less oblique, sometimes with short recurved

beaks, sometimes very tardily dehiscing along the ventral suture ;

pericarp thick and fleshy or thinner and coriaceous when dry. Seeds

numerous, embedded in a pulpy mass, oblong-ellipsoid, deeply

grooved ventrally; testa crustaceous, more or less grooved longi-

tudinally, often coarsely honeycombed by transverse partitions across

the grooves, more or less intruding into the endosperm ; endosperm

fleshy ; cotyledons foliaceous, thin, ventrally concave, shorter than

the radicle.

. Shrubs or trees, dichotomously branched; leaf-buds sometimes coated with

resin. Leaves opposite, herbaceous to coriaceous; axillary stipules distinct, like

those of .Conopharyngia or quite obscure or 0; leaf-bases united into a rim or

very short sheath ; axillary glands small, numerous. Flowers large to rather

small, in terminal, frequently paired, peduncled, racemiform, umbelliform or

corymbose inflorescences, usually from the young branch-forks. Corollas white,

yellow or greenish or the limb violet-brown.

Disrris. Species 12, in Tropical Africa, Natal, and the Mascarene Islands, and

about 4 in the Malay Archipelago.

1. V. Dregei (E. Meyer, Comm. 189); a glabrous tree, 30-40 ft,

508 APOCYNACEH (Stapf). [ Voacanga.

high; branches stout, almost spongy, pallid, or the youngest blackish

when dry; leaves crowded towards the tips of the branches, oblong,

obtuse, subcuneate towards the base, 4-6 in. long, 1-2 in. broad,

subcoriaceous, dull when dry; secondary nerves subhorizontal or

rather oblique, almost straight, slender; petiole 4-6 lin. long;

inflorescences usually geminate from the braneh-forks, shortly racemi-

form or umbelliform, few-flowered; peduncle stout, 2-3 in. long;

rhachis stout, gradually lengthening up to 12 in. as the lower flowers

fall; bracts ovate, concave, up to 5 lin. long, caducous; pedicels

stout, finally up to 6 lin, long; calyx wide-tubular, about 41-6 lin.

long, early circumseissile at the base, with very numerous glands

within ; lobes rotundate, 11-2 lin. long; corolla waxy, yellowish

white; tube subcylindric, slightly exserted from the calyx, more

or less constricted above the middle, twisted above the constriction,

glabrous ; limb broadly ovoid in bud, 6 lin. long; lobes somewhat

asymmetric, broadly obcordate, narrow at the base, 6-9 lin. long,

9-12 lin. broad, sinus shallow ; anthers inserted close to the mouth

of the corolla, exserted for half their length, 3 lin. long; dise

cupular, entire or almost so, shorter than the ovary, persistent ;

style up to 7 lin. long ; stigma shortly cylindric, grooved, with a

frill at the base; berries of the size of a fist (Sutherland), with a

thick rind; seeds numerous. K. Schum. in Engl. § Prantl, Pflan-

zenfam. iv. ii, 149; Stapf in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 154.

Annularia natalensis, Hochst. in Flora, 1841, 671. Piptolena

Dregei, DC. Prodr. viii. 358; Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 2,

246. Cyclostigma natalense, Hochst. in Flora, 1844, 828.

EAsiE8N ReGion: Natal; between Umtentu River and Umkomanzi River,

Drége! forest near the Umlaas River, Krauss, 27! near Pinetown, Rehmann,

8027! Wood, 3841! and without precise locality, Gueinzius! Gerrard, 408!

Sutherland !

V. Dregei and V. obtusa, K. Schum., differ so little that the latter will

probably have to be reduced to V. Dregei.

IX. WRIGHTIA, R. Br.

Calyx 4-3 lin. long, 5-lobed or more often of 5 free or almost

free, obtuse, imbricate sepals, with 5-10 intracalycular glands.

Corolla salver-shaped, small to over 1 in. long; tube cylindric,

short, very rarely long and slender, with variously divided or entire,

connate or free appendages in the throat (very rarely without) ;

lobes overlapping to the left, obtuse or subobtuse, not tailed.

Stamens inserted in the mouth of the corolla; anthers conniving in

a cone, exserted, lanceolate, acute or acuminate, sagittate; wings

rather thin with thick incurved margins ; tails slender, long, in-

curved ; foot of connective rather flat, with a decurrent dense line of

hairs in the centre ; filaments short, stout, passing into long slender

ridges on the corolla-tube. Dise 0. Carpels free; style filiform ;

stigma capitate with a small or obscure frill at the base and a minute

cleft tip, agglutinated to the hair-tuft of the anthers. Ovules

Wrightia. | APOCYNACEE (Stapf). - §09

pluriseriate, numerous. Follicles cylindric or spindle-shaped,

slender, subparallel, coriaceous. Seeds cylindric, glabrous with a

basal tuft of hairs; endosperm fleshy, scanty ; cotyledons convolute ;

radicle. short.

Shrubs or small trees with slender branches, glabrous or pubescent. Leaves

opposite, loosely nerved ; axillary stipules 0. Flowers small to rather large and

then very showy, in terminal or pseudo-axillary cymes.

Distrip. Species about 20, all except the one below, in the warmer parts of

Asia and Northern Australia.

1. W. natalensis (Stapf in Kew Bulletin, 1907, 51); a shrub;

branches rusty-pubescent when quite young, soon glabrous and ulti-

mately covered with a fine grey bark, scantily lenticellate ; leaves

lanceolate, subacute, cuneate at the base, up to 3 in. long to 9 lin.

broad (not quite mature), rusty-pubescent on the back towards the

base, otherwise quite glabrous ; secondary nerves about 9 on each side ;

petiole slender, 2—4 lin. long; panicle short, subcorymbose, not over

1 in. across, rusty-pubescent ; bracts linear-oblong to linear, 1}—2 lin.

long ; pedicels up to 4 lin. long; calyx pubescent at the base, other-

wise almost glabrous, 23-3 lin. long; sepals oblong, obtuse, margins

membranous, each with 1 fleshy scale within; corolla yellow, densely

and minutely papillose without; tube 2 lin. long; lobes oblong,

subobtuse, 4 lin. long with 5 epipetalous emarginate scales which are

united for half their length into a short corona and bear each 2

filiform appendages shorter than the scales; anthers 2 lin. long,

finely acuminate.

Eastern Recion: Natal; Umzinyati Falls, 800 ft., Haygarth in Herb.

Wood, 7861!

I have placed this plant in Wrightia rather than in Pieioceras on account of

the general appearance, which is more that of a Wrightia, but it is quite possible

that the fruit, when known, will prove it to be a Pletoceras.

X. STROPHANTHUS, DC.

Calyz middle-sized to large, herbaceous, rarely scarious, with few

to many glands at the base within; sepals 5, imbricate, sometimes

foliaceous. Corolla funnel-shaped or campanulate, with a short or

long cylindric basal tube ; mouth with paired appendages alternating

with the lobes; lobes 5, acuminate or produced into very long

filiform tails, rarely obtuse. Stamens inserted at the upper end of

the cylindrie portion of the corolla-tube; anthers conniving in a

eone and projecting into the widened part of the tube, lanceolate,

acuminate or sometimes produced into a long bristle, sagittate ;

wings long, firm, obtusely edged; tails short; foot of connective

with a central tuft of closely packed hairs in the upper part and a

more or less hairy longitudinal crest below it; filaments distinct

but short, filiform, passing into a prominent, more or less hairy

ridge decurrent on the corolla-tube. Dise 0. Carpels 2, free ;

style filiform; stigma capitate, 5-grooved, with a membranous

reflexed frill at the base, and a minutely bifid apiculus ; ovules

510 APOCYNACER (Stapf). [ Strophanthus.

numerous, pluriseriate. Mericarps follicular, oblong or spindle-

shaped, divarieate. Seeds spindle-shaped, slightly compressed, with

an apical plumose awn and a deciduous basal coma; endosperm

scanty, fleshy ; cotyledons oblong, plano-convex ; radicle short.

Shrubs, often scandent, glabrous or more or less hairy, with persistent or

deciduous foliage. Leaves opposite, rarely ternate; axillary stipules 0; axillary

glands subulate or conical, 2-6, rarely more, at the base of each petiole. In-

florescences terminal, often on the ends of short branches, corymbose, many- or

few-flowered or reduced to solitary flowers; flowers mostly showy.

DistRiB. Species about 45, in Tropical and South Africa and Tropical Asia.

Leaves opposite, not coriaceous :

Sepals subfoliaceous, lanceolate, 7-8 lin. long;

corolla-tube 1 in. long; lobes inclusive of the

tails 6-7 in. long... rn vid fi ... (1) grandiflorus.

Sepals subulate-acuminate, 2-4 lin. long; corolla-

tube about 6 lin. long; lobes inclusive of the

tails from less than 1 in. to 14 in, long ... ... (2) Gerrardii.

Leaves in whorls of 8-4, coriaceous oi ‘So ts (3) speciosus.

1. S. grandiflorus (Stapf in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 182, 608);

a dense shrub, 5-6 ft. high, quite glabrous; branches long, slender,

reddish-brown with numerous white lenticels; leaves ovate to

elliptic-oblong, shortly acuminate, acute or subobtuse at the base,

about 2 in. (in cultivated specimens 3 in.) long, 3-1 in. broad,

membranous ; secondary nerves 6-9 on each side, slender; reticula-

tion rather delicate ; petiole 3-4 lin. long ; cymes terminal on leafy

(in the wild specimens short) branches, usually reduced to a single

flower ; bracts linear-laneeolate, about 4 lin. long; pedicels up to

4 lin. long ; calyx 7-8 lin. long; sepals oblong to lanceolate-oblong,

subacute, 2 lin. broad, erect; corolla wide, purplish without, milk-

white or creamy within; infra-staminal part of the tube 2 lin. long,

supra-staminal part 10 lin. long ; lobes ovate, produced into filiform

tails, about 6 in. long; throat-scales subulate from a triangular base,

4 lin. long ; anthers included, glabrous, 8 lin. long, produced into a

fine bristle. Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxxii. 161, and in Engl. Monogr.

Afr. Pflanzenfam. vii. (1903), 28 (the Delagoa Bay plant). 8.

petersianus, var. grandiflorus, N. EB. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1892,

126 (the Delagoa Bay plant); Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 7390.

EasterRN Reaion : Delagoa Bay, Monteiro! and cultivated specimen, Mrs.

Monteiro!

Concerning the identity of this plant and the Hast African 9. verrucosus,

Stapf, my note in Flora of Tropical Africa, iv. i. 607 may be consulted. No

more material of the Delagoa Bay plant has been received since the publication

of this note. :

2. 8. Gerrardii (Stapf in Kew Bulletin, 1907, 52); a glabrous

shrub with slender branches, reddish and dotted all over with whitish

lenticels ; leaves narrowly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acute or obscurely

acuminate, rounded or subacute at the base, 13—22 in. long, 2-1 in.

broad, papery, rather thin; secondary nerves about 5 on each side,

like the veins very faint or quite obscure ; petiole 2 lin. long ; cymes

Strophanthus. | APOCYNACER (Stapf). 511

reduced to a solitary flower, terminal on short lateral branches, some-

times overtopped by leafy branchlets produced with the leaves;

peduncle (if any) slender, 2-6 lin. long; bracts early deciduous ;

pedicels very slender, up to 6 lin. long; calyx 4—5 lin. long ; sepals

subulate from a broader base; corolla glabrous without, puberulous

within ; infra-staminal part of the tube 12 lin. long, supra-staminal

part almost tubular-campanulate, 41 lin. long, up to 4 lin. wide in

the dried state; lobes attenuate from an ovate or lanceolate base

into linear tails, total length 12 in.; throat-scales linear-subulate,

1-1} lin. long; anthers terminating in a fine point.

EASTERN REGION: Natal or Zululand ; without precise locality, Gerrard,

1795!

Very similar to 8. petersianus, Klotzsch, but differing in the narrower leaves,

more subulate sepals and the shape of the supra-staminal part of the corolla-tube,

which is more that of S. Schuchardti, Pax.

3. 8. speciosus (Reber in Der Fortschritt, iii. (1887), 299);

a rambling glabrous shrub; branches trailing on other shrubs,

sometimes running high up, olive-green, densely _lenticellate ;

leaves in whorls of 3-4, rarely the uppermost opposite, oblong-

lanceolate to lanceolate, acute, rarely acutely acuminate, long

attenuate at the base, 11-31 in. long, 1-1 in. broad, coriaceous,

glossy above ; secondary nerves about 10-16 on each side, very faint

or like the veins obscure; petiole 2-3 lin. long; cymes terminal or

pseudo-axillary, shortly peduncled, few- to 12-flowered, corymbi-

form ; bracts lanceolate to ovate, acuminate, 3-1 lin. long, usually

deciduous ; pedicels up to } in. long; ealyx 3-5 lin. long; sepals

lanceolate to linear, narrow, acuminate, sometimes recurved ; corolla

eream-coloured to yellow or orange, spotted with red ; infra-staminal

part of the tube 2 lin. long, supra-staminal part funnel-shaped-cam-

panulate, 4 lin. long; lobes attenuate from a somewhat broader base

into linear spreading tails from less than 1-11 in. long; throat-

scales linear-subulate, up to 1 Jin. long; anthers covered with silky

hairs above the middle; follicles very slender, lanceolate, long

acuminate, about 6 in. long, +} in. in diam., terete, tips somewhat

thickened ; seeds oblong-lanceolate, glabrous, 6 lin. long, 2 lin.

wide, pale reddish-brown, with a sessile plume, hairs 12 in. long on

a very fine awn up to } in. long; cotyledons oblong, flat, thin.

Autran in Bull. Soc, Bot. Belg. xxix. ii.45; Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xv.

376; Franch. in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, 3° sér. v. (1893), 287 ;

K. Schum. in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanaenfam. iv. ii. 182; Gilg in

Engl. Jahrb. xxxii. 157, and in Engl. Monogr. Afr. Pflanzenfam.

vii. 34. §. capensis, A.DC. Prodr. viii. 419; Hook. Bot. Mag. t.

5713; Sim, For, Fl. Cape Col. 272. Christya speciosa, Ward &

Harv. in Hook, Journ. Bot. iv. (1842), 134, t. 21; A.DC. Le. 416.

Coast Region: Bedford Div.; in forest on the Kaga Berg, 5000 ft., Mrs,

Hutton! Stockenstrom Div.; in woods on the Kat Berg, 4000 ft., Scully in

MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm, Austr.-Afr. 761! MacOwan, 2020! Mrs. Barber,

28! Stutterheim Div.; Kabousie Forest, Murray in Herb. MacOwan, 2023!

Eastern Reoion: Transkei; Kentani, 1000 ft., Miss Pegler, 915! Natal;

512 APOcYNACEH (Stapf). [Strophanthus.

Blinkwater, near York, Wood, 4305! Zululand, Qudeni Forest, 6000 ft., Wood,

7895! Eshowe, Hon. Mrs. Evelyn Cecil, 275! and without precise locality, Mrs,

K. Saunders!

Only one other species (S. gratus, Baill.) having glabrous seeds is known

in the genus, whilst S. speciosus is unique in having a sessile plume.

XI. ONCINOTIS, Benth.

Calyx small, eglandular within, rarely with 5 minute glands

alternating with the sepals; sepals imbrieate, ovate, acute or obtuse.

Corolla salver-shaped ; tube short, widest at the middle, densely

tomentose within except at the very base, with 5 ligulate scales in

the mouth alternating with the lobes and projecting obliquely into

the mouth; lobes overlapping to the right, spreading or reflexed.

Stamens inserted somewhat above the corolla-base; filaments very

short, stout, arching over the ovary, densely hairy on the inner side ;

anthers conniving in a cone, ineluded, sublinear, sagittate ; appen-

dages as long as the polliniferous part ; tails short, very obtuse,

recurved ; foot of the connective with a faint central ridge in the

upper part and a cushion of short papillse at the base. Disc cupular,

5-lobed or 5-partite. Carpels 2, free, shortly exserted and free from

the disc ; style very short, passing into the short spindle-shaped

stigma ; apiculus 2-lobed. Mericarps follicular, spindle-shaped,

divaricate, seeds lanceolate with an apical cone; embryo unknown.

Glabrous or hairy scandent shrubs; leaves opposite ; secondary nerves

usually distant; axillary stipules and glands 0. Panicles axillary or axillary

and terminal, consisting of opposite or subopposite, few to many -flowered von-

tracted cymes ; flowers inconspicuous.

Distris. Species about 12, in Tropical Africa, Natal and Madagascar.

1. O. inandensis (J. M. Wood & Evans in Journ. Bot. 1899,

254); a shrub climbing over trees; branches terete, the youngest

parts firmly and densely fulvous-tomentose, soon glabrescent, at

length dull brown or reddish-brown with whitish lenticels; leaves

obovate-oblong to oblanceolate, abruptly acuminate, acute at the

base, 3-31 in. long, 1-11 in. broad, firmly membranous, rusty-

tomentellous in the very young bud, soon glabrous; secondary

nerves 3-4 on each side, very oblique; petiole 2-2} lin. long;

flowers in numerous axillary minutely fulvous-tomentellous racemes

or panicles, about 1 in. long and borne on usually very short

peduncles ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, small, early deciduous ; pedicels

very short ; calyx 1 lin. long, finely fulvous-tomentose ; sepals ovate,

subacute; corolla greenish, minutely tomentellous without, very

slender, almost subulate in bud; tube almost 1} lin. long; lobes

linear, 11 lin. long; follicles cylindric, divaricate, 6-7 in. long,

3 lin. in diam., delicately tomentellous, at length glabrescent ; seeds

oblong-linear, 6-7 lin. long; coma 1} in. long. O. natalensis,

Stapf in Kew Bulletin, 1907, 52.

Eastern Recion: Natal; Inanda, in woods, Wood, 1009! 6159!

_ Very similar to the West African O. gracilis, K. Schum, & Pax, but differing

in the delicate, adpressed tomentum, much more acute leaf-bases, fewer and

more oblique side-nerves, shorter petioles and shorter racemes.

Adenium. ] APOCYNACEH (Stapf). 513

XII. ADENIUM, Roem. & Schult.

Calyx 3-4 lin. long, herbaceous, eglandular within; sepals 5,

lanceolate or subulate. Corolla funnel-shaped or campanulate from

a short cylindrie base, with paired, small or obscure scales in the

mouth; scales more or less confluent at the base and forming

obtriangular pockets, alternating with the lobes; lobes 5, broad,

twisted, overlapping to the right. Stamens inserted at the base of

the widened portion of the corolla-tube; filaments very short;

anthers conniving in a cone, projecting into the widened part of the

corolla-tube, lanceolate, with long filiform terminal appendages,

sagittate ; basal appendages much longer than the polliniferous part,

distinctly tailed ; foot of the connective channelled and glabrous in

the upper part, with a projection in the centre and a brush-like

cushion below, decurrent on the filament and passing into the

tomentose filamental ridges. Disc 0. Carpels 2, free; style fili-

form, short ; stigma campanulate, capitate, with a basal rim and a

minute bifid apiculus, agglutinated to the foot of the connective ;

ovules very numerous, pluriseriate. Mericarps follicular, divaricate

or reflexed. Seeds linear-oblong, covered with reversed hairs, with

a deciduous coma at either end ; endospsrm very thin; cotyledons

short, convolute’; radicle much longer than the cotyledons.

Succulent. shrubs, often with swollen stems and fleshy branches. Leaves in

spirals and terminal fascicles, rather fleshy; axillary stipules 0; axillary glands

subulate, conspicuous, several in each leaf axil. Cymes few-flowered, terminal,

subsessile ; flowers pink or purple, showy.

DistR1B. Species about 12, extending through Tropical Africa to Socotra and

Arabia, some of them very closely allied.

The upper wide part of the corolla quite glabrous and

dark purple within; apical anther-tails short, in-

cluded... ve ue oie see ae $s

The upper wide part of the corolla-tube hairy within ;

apical anther-tails reaching the mouth or exserted :

Flowers from a bunch of coetaneous, linear-oblong:

tomentose leaves... we ose vee <i

Flowers produced before the obovate-cuneate glab-

rous leaves ... is tes te

(1) swazicum,

(2) oleifolium,

(3) multiflorum,

oo eoe

1. A. swazicum (Stapf in Kew Bulletin, 1907, 53) ; ashrub ; stem

and branches glabrous with the exception of the youngest parts, whitish

when dry; leaves obovate-cuneate, rounded at the apex, gradually

narrowed into the basal cuneate portion, 3—4 in. long, ee in. broad,

somewhat coriaceous, softly whitish-tomentose on both sides when

young, ultimately more or less glabrescent, glaucous; secondary

nerves oblique, faint or quite obscure, 11-23 lin. apart ; petiole up to

13 lin, long; cymes terminal or pseudo-axillary, greyish-tomentose ;

bracts lanceolate, 22 lin. long; pedicels up to 5 lin. long; calyx

4 lin. long ; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent to subtomen-

tose; corolla pink, purple in the throat; infra-staminal part of the

tube 4 lin. long, with 5 densely tomentose lines below the stamens,

glabrous at the base, supra-staminal part about 1 lin. long, wide-

VOL, 1V.—-SEOT, I,—PART, IV. Ll

514 APOCYNACEH (Stapf). [ Adeniwn.

tubular, glabrous within ; throat-scales obscure; lobes rotundate-

obovate, almost 1 in. long; anthers about 3 lin. long, hairy on the

back, apical tails 8-5 lin. long, obtuse, densely villous.

Eastern ReGion: Swaziland; without precise locality, Mrs. Rathbone in

Herb. Bolus, 6208! and in Herb. Wood, 3511!

Similar to A. behmianum, Schinz, from Ambo and Hereroland, but differing

in the much narrower glabrescent leaves and oblique, very indistinct lateral

nerves.

2. A. oleifolium (Stapf in Kew Bulletin, 1907, 53) ; a softly-pubes-

cent shrub; leaves linear to oblong-linear, obtuse, more or less narrowed

at the base, sessile or almost so, 3-4 in. long, 3-3 in. broad, rather

thick, glaucous, softly pubescent to subtomentose all over; secondary

nerves quite obscure; cymes terminal, few-flowered, subsessile,

whitish tomentose; bracts linear, about 3 lin. long; pedicels very

short ; calyx 3-32 lin. long, whitish tomentose ; sepals lanceolate,

subacute ; corolla pink, pubescent without; infra-staminal part of

the tube 441 lin. long with 5 hairy lines descending to the middle,

glabrous below, supra-staminal part wide funnel-shaped-campanulate,

8 lin. long, mealy-papillose within ; throat-scales small forming an

obversely triangular pocket ; lobes broad-ovate, cuspidate-acuminate,

6-7 lin. long; anthers 3 lin. long, apical tails 6 lin. long, exserted,

loosely hairy.

Katanari Recon : Transvaal; without precise locality, Todd, 23 ! Bechuana-

land; Bakwena Territory, near the Sirorume River, 3500 ft., Holub !

A. oleifolium differs from A. somalense, Balf. f., which it resembles to some

extent, in the pubescent, broader and obtuse leaves and the mealy indumentum

of the wider upper part of the corolla-tube.

3. A. multiflorum (Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 279,

t. xliv.); a shrub 4-8 ft. high, leafless when in flower; branches

succulent, stout, glabrous except at the very tips when young,

leaves obovate to oblong, subacute or obtuse, acute. or subacuminate

at the base, 2-3 in. long, 9-15 lin. broad, subcoriaceous; midrib

rather thin; nerves faint, though usually distinct, very oblique ;

petiole 1-2 lin. long; cymes much contracted, 5—15-flowered,

terminal, sessile, preeeded by more or less numerous deciduous

triangular indurated bud-scales, hairy; bracts lanceolate, 2-3 lin.

long; pedicels up to 2 lini. long; calyx 3-4 lin. long, hairy ; sepals

lanceolate; corolla white or pink, conspicuously cuspidate Jin bud ;

infra-staminal part of the tube 3-4 lin. long, with 5 hairy lines

descending almost to the middle, glabrous below, supra-stamina

part funnel-shaped, villous within, 9-12 lin. long; throat-scales

small, confluent and forming an obversely triangular pocket ; lobes

broad ovate, shortly acuminate and conspicuously cuspidate ; anthers

3 lin. long, densely villous ; apical tails exserted ; follicles reflexed,

spindle-shaped, finely tomentose, 7 lin. long; seeds 6 lin. long,

coma 15 lin. long. Stapf in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 229.

_Karanart Re@ion: Transvaal; Zoutpansberg, Gray in Transvaal Herb.,

2999 ! Woodbush Mountains, Barber, 20!

Adeniwm.] APOCYNACE (Stapf). 515

Eastern Recion: Zululand; Lebombo Country, Saunders! Lower Pongolo

River, in Amatonga Country, Sanderson ! Delagoa Bay, Forbes !

XIII. PACHYPODIUM, Lindl.

Calyx small, herbaceous, eglandular within; sepals 5, ovate or

lanceolate. Corolla salver-shaped, with a cylindric tube widened

below the middle, constricted at the base, or funnel-shaped to cam-

panulate with a short cylindric basal tube, naked at the mouth ;

lobes 5, twisted, overlapping to the right. Stamens inserted above

the constriction ; filaments very short, flattened; anthers conniving

in a cone, ineluded, linear-lanceolate, acuminate or acute, sagittate ;

appendages longer or shorter than the polliniferous part; tails

sometimes very short; foot of the connective channelled and

glabrous above, with a tongue-shaped projection and sometimes a

brush-like cushion below, deeurrent on the filament and passing into

the hairy filamental ridges. Dzse cupular, slightly 5-lobed or re-

placed by 2-5 distinct glands. Carpels 2, free; style filiform, short ;

stigma subeylindric with an annular rim or membrane at the base,

very obscurely and obtusely 2-lobed; ovules numerous, pluriseriate.

Mericarps follicular, 2, erect or spreading, elongate, spindle-shaped.

Seeds ovate to oblong, with an apical eoma; endosperm scanty ;

cotyledong ovate-cordate, flat ; radicle short.

Succulent shrubs, sometimes with a much swollen trunk. Leaves in spirals,

subsessile, stipulate ; stipules transformed into rigid spines or the leaves sup-

pressed with the exception of a terminal rosette, and the spinous stipules crowded

more or less irregularly on the swollen branches. Cymes terminal, few- or many-

flowered, sessile or peduncled ; flowers pink, white, or yellow.

Distris. Species about 12, the others in Tropical Africa and Madagascar.

Stem columnar, not branched; leaves velvety on

both sides; corolla-tube wide-tubular above the

stamens... ive ne a oes eee ... (1) namaquanum,

Stem a low, massive bole, throwing out comparatively

slender branches frequently dividing again :

Leaves obovate-elliptic, twice as long as broad ;

corolla-tube somewhat widened above the inser-

tion of the stamens, then gradually attenuate

towards the mouth —_... ott ee ii

Leaves lanceolate to linear, 4-6 times as long as

broad :

Leaves mucronate-acute; corolla-tube wide- as

funnel-shaped above the stamens ... (3) bispinosum.

Leaves obtuse; corolla-tube narrow-cylindric (4) succulentum.

1. P. namaquanum (Welw. in Trans. Linn. Soc, xxvii. 45) ;

stem erect, 5-6 ft. high, thick and fleshy, tapering upwards,

tubercled throughout, each tubercle armed with a pair of long straight

spreading spines ; leaves crowded at the summit, obovate-oblong to

oblong, obtuse or acute, shortly attenuate at the base, wavy, 4-5

in. long, 2-21 in. broad, densely velvety on both sides, yellowish in

the dry state; secondary nerves very slender, oblique, 13-2 lin,

b12

(2) Saundersii.

516 APOCYNACE® (Stapf). [ Pachypodium.

distant; petiole indistinct ; flowers in scanty cymes from the axils

of the leaves, on short villous peduncles; bracts oblong, acute,

6 lin. long, villous, with membranous margins ; pedicels very short ;

ealyx 4-5 lin. long; sepals resembling the braets in structure and

shape; corolla reddish, tinged with yellow and green, tubular,

slightly widened upwards, loosely pubescent without; tube about

1 in. long, silky just above the stamens and along five lines below

them; lobes ovate-elliptic, obtuse, 3 lin. long.; stamens inserted

31 lin. above the corolla base, 3 lin. long. Adenium namaquanum,

— Wyley in Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 11, t. 117; Paters. Trav, 124 with

plate.

Western Rearon: Great Namaqualand ; by the “ Lions River,” a tributary

¢ a Orange River, Paterson! Little Namaqualand ; without precise locality,

Vyley!

2. P. Saundersii (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1892, 126); a

shrub, up to 4-5 ft. high with a ball-shaped bole rising little above

the ground and densely spinous branches, 3-4 lin. thick, succulent,

glabrous, covered with a thin, papery, greyish bark ; leaves sub-

sessile, obovate to obovate-elliptic, acute, constricted towards the

base, with spinulous margins, 11-3 in. long, 8_]1 in. broad, thin

when dried, glabrous with the exception of the sparingly hairy

midrib; stipules spiny, strong, up to 14 in. long; cymes sessile,

several-flowered, contracted ; pedicels hardly any-; calyx 23"lin. long ;

sepals ovate, acutely acuminate ; corolla white, tinged with pink ;

tube 1{-1} in. long, narrow below the stamens (for 5-6 lin.),

widened above them, then attenuate towards the mouth, hairy

within ; lobes obliquely obovoid, much narrowed at the base, almost

1 in. long and wide ; follicles spindle-shaped, 5 in. long ; seeds about

3 lin. long, ovate in outline, coma 1—14 in. long.

Eastern Reeton: Zululand; South-eastern Lebombo Mountains, in very

stony places, Saunders !

3. P. bispinosum (DC. Prodr. viii. 424); a shrub of moderate

height, branched ; branches 2-3 lin. thick, the youngest pubescent,

soon glabrous, the old covered with smooth, papery bark; leaves

scattered on long shoots and in sessile fascicles (short shoots), the

latter from axils of the former, all lanceolate, acute, mucronulate,

with margins recurved, up to 1 in. long to 23 lin. broad, coriaceous,

minutely asperulous above, loosely hirsute below, particularly along

the midrib; stipules spiny, those of the long shoots spreading,

1_8 (rarely to 1) in. long, fine, springing from an almost square leaf-

cushion, usually under 1 lin. high, those of the short shoots much

shorter; cymes few- to 1-flowered, terminal on the long and short

shoots and hence often apparently axillary, sessile ; bracts small,

lanceolate to subulate, deciduous ; pedicels 1-2 lin. long, glabrous ;

calyx 12 lin, long, glabrous or scantily puberulous ; sepals ovate,

acute to acuminate; corolla, infra-staminal part cylindric, slender,

3 lin. long, gradually passing into the upper funnel-shaped portion,

Pachypodium.| APOCYNACE (Stapf). 517

the whole tube 6-9 lin. long, purple, hairy within below the stamens ;

limb 5-7 lin. across; lobes white to purple (the outer half), broad

elliptic, rounded at the tips ; anthers almost 2 lin. long; disc deeply

5-lobed, as high as the ovary; follicles unknown. chites bis-

pinosa, Linn. f. Suppl. 167; Thunb. Prodr. 37, in Nov. Act. Imp.

Soc. Sc. Petersb. xiv. (1805), 505, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 232 ;

Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 69. Belonites bispinosa, EH. Meyer, Comm.

188. P. glabrum, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 77.

Coast Reeton: Uitenhage Div.; between Gamtoos River and Sundays

River, Thunberg ; between Uitenhage and Alzoa Bay, Burchell, 4281! near

the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 261! Albany Div.; without precise locality,

gall Bathurst Div.; between Blaauw Krantz and Kowie River, Burchell,

Centra Recion: Graaff Reinet Div. ; dry rocky hills near Graaff Reinet,

2500-4000 ft., Bolus, 113! Somerset Div. ; between the Zuurberg Range and

Klein Bruintjes Hoogte, Drége !

4. P. succulentum (DC. Prodr. viii. 424); a shrub, 1-2 ft.

high with a tuberous base rising about } ft. above the ground, as

thick as a man’s arm, brownish, producing several more or less

branched stems; branches finally greyish-tomentellous when young,

later on covered with a thin smooth brownish bark; leaves scattered

on long shoots and in sessile fascicles (short shoots), the latter from

the axils of the former, all linear or oblong-linear, obtuse or (rarely)

acute, with recurved margins, 13 in. long, 2-3 lin. broad, sub-

coriaceous, green and pubescent above, pale and tomentose below ;

stipules 3 (1 intrapetiolar), spiny, the lateral 2 of the long shoots

spreading, 1-1 in. long, the intrapetiolar shorter and erect, all

three rising from a conspicuous decurrent leaf-cushion, those of the

short shoots shorter, rapidly decreasing towards the base of the

shoots; cymes terminal, sessile, contracted, few-flowered, finely

tomentose ; bracts subulate or lanceolate, small, early deciduous ;

pedicels 4—6 lin. long; calyx 3 lin. long, finely tomentellous; sepals

narrow-lanceolate, acuminate ; corolla-tube cylindric, pubescent with-

out, purple, slender, infra-staminal part 2-3 lin. long, with 5 hairy

ridges below the stamens, supra-staminal very slightly wider, 4-6

lin. long ; limb to more than 1 in. across ; lobes white and purple

(the outer half), oblong, contracted into a distinct claw at the base,

6-10 lin. long, obtuse; anthers 2-23 lin. long; disc 5-partite,

shorter than the ovary ; follicles spindle-shaped, long acuminate,

over 2in. long. Echites succulenta, Thunb. Prodr. 37, in Nov. Act.

Imp. Soc. Sc. Petersb, xiv. (1805) 505, t. 9, fig. 2, and Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 232; Jacg. Fragm. 74, t. 117. Belonites succulenta, E.

Meyer, Comm. 187. P. tomentosum, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 78.

Barleria rigida, Spreng. ex Schlecht. in Linnea, xiv. 304.

Coast Region: Uitenhage Div.; near Uitenhage, Burchell, 4410! and

without precise locality, Zeyher, 282! Albany Div.; between Sidbury and the

Bushmans River, Burchell, 4181! Bothas Hill, near Grahamstown, MacOwan,

1151! and without precise locality, Bowker ! Stockenstrom Div. ; Katberg,

Miss Sole, 480! Div.? Karroo between Gauritz River and Sundays River,

Thunberg.

518 APOCYNACE® (Stapf). ‘[ Pachypodium.

CEenTRAL Region: Beaufort West Div. ; Nieuweveld, between Rhinoster Kop

and Ganzefontain, Drége; between Beaufort West and Rhenoster Kop, Drége.

Graaff Reinet Div.; near Graaff Reinet, Bolus, 115! Somerset Div. ; between

the Zuurberg Range and Klein Bruintjes Hoogte, Drege! Somerset East, Miss

Bowker ! Craddock Div. ; without precise locality, Cooper, 1288!

Katanart District: Griqualand West; Asbestos Mountains, Burchell,

1662! near Griquatown, Burchell, 1918! between Spuigslang Fontein and the

Vaal River, Burchell, 1719!

Orper LXXXVIII. ASCLEPIADEZ.

(By N. E. Brown.)

Flowers regular, hermaphrodite. Calyx of 5 free sepals or rarely

5-lobed, persistent; segments imbricate, usually with minute pro-

cesses at their base within. Corolla hypogynous, gamopetalous,

5-lobed, vary variable in shape and size, the lobes imbricate, con-

torted or valvate in eestivation, often recurved or reflexed, sometimes

with the sides folded backwards (replicate), in a few genera connate

at the tips, rarely connate into a column at the middle then free and

again connate at the tips, the sinuses between them sometimes

produced into teeth, with 1-3 series of free or connate lobes, processes, .

keels, tubercles or flaps arising from the corolla or the staminal

whorl, forming the corona, sometimes absent. Stamens 5, inserted

at or near the base, rarely at the middle or mouth of the corolla-

tube, alternating with the corolla-lobes ; filaments sometimes free, but

usually connate at their base or throughout into a staminal column,

the apex often united to the dilated part of the style; anthers not

connate or only by their appendages, free or united to the dilated

part of style, 2-celled, opening by apical, longitudinal or transverse

slits; margins of the cells or their basal prolongations more or less

horny and wing-like (anther-wings), usually projecting outwards ;

adjacent wings of each pair of anthers nearly meeting, leaving very

narrow fissures leading to the stigmatic cavities; connectives often

produced into membranous or rarely fleshy or inflated terminal

appendages or apiculate or unappendaged ; appendages free or connate.

Pollen granular or united into 1 or 2 waxy masses, attached in pairs

or in fours, sometimes direetly, but more usually by means of arm-like

processes (caudicles) to each of the 5 small or minute, horny or rarely

soft bodies (pollen-carriers) at each angle of the dilated part of the

style; when granular, each granule consists of 4 pollen-grains or of

3-5 grains in a row, and then held in horny pollen-carriers with a

spoon-, trumpet- or trowel-shaped entire or bifid blade, tapering

downwards into a short or long stalk attached to a soft adhesive

gland. Pistil superior, formed of 2 one-celled carpels, free below,

but their styles united above and dilated at the middle or apex into

a pentagonal disk ; style-apex flat or depressed in the centre, with or

without a central simple or bilobed apiculus, or convex, pyramidal

or prolonged into a long beak of variable form, which is entire,

bifid or dilated, rarely there arises from the disk 2, 5 or 7 style-like

ASCLEP/ADEX (Brown). 519

processes ; stigmatic cavities below the angles of the style-apex,

behind the fissures between the anther-wings. Ovules numerous or

very rarely few or solitary, anatropous, pendulous, imbricate in

several series on the projecting placenta. Fruit of 2 follicles or by

abortion of 1, variable in form, smooth, echinate or winged, opening

by the ventral suture and usually liberating the placenta. Seeds

usually numerous, very rarely few or solitary, imbricate, flat or

cochleate, usually with a broad or narrow margin, crowned with a

tuft of long silky hairs at one end, or rarely densely fringed all

round, very rarely without a tuft of hairs; testa rather thick, sub-

crustaceous or sometimes thin; albumen usually thin or none,

rarely thick; embryo straight or rarely slightly curved, usually

nearly or quite filling the seed; cotyledons flat; radicle superior.

Erect, prostrate, twining or scrambling herbs or shrubs, with milky or watery

juice ; stems simple or branched, sometimes leafless or with very minute leaves,

then often succulent, with terete or angular branches, often toothed or spiny at the

angles ; leaves opposite or whorled, rarely alternate, thin, coriaceous or fleshy ;

flowers very variable in size and form, solitary or few or many together in

umbels, umbel-like cymes, fascicles or racemes, axillary, more or less lateral

between the bases of the leaves, or terminal.

Distris. An Order of over 1,800 species widely spread throughout the

Tropical and Sub-tropical regions; a few in the Temperate regions.

The Order is well marked by the peculiar structure of its pollen apparatus,

coronal-appendages and stigma, but in other characters it is allied to Apocy-

nacee. In having the pollen-contents of each anther-cell united into a waxy

mass attached by caudicles in pairs to the pollen-carriers, it is unique among

Dicotyledons, and resembles the Orchidee among the Monocotyledons. ‘The

5 stigmas or stigmatic cavities correspond to only 2 carpels, are com pletely

hidden from view behind the anther-wings, and can only be seen by careful

dissection or by making transverse sections of the dilated part of the style ;

the only openings to the stigmas (except in the tribe Periplocee) are the 5 narrow

fissures formed by the contiguous anther-wings. No other Order has a similar

structure, a detailed account of which, as well as the manner of fertilization, has

been given by T. H. Corry (Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. ii. 75, and 173, tt. 16,

24-26). All previous authors seem not to have understood this structure and

have erroneously described the style-apex as the stigma. The pollen-carrier is

also described as a gland, which it is not, in any sense of the word, but a hard,

horny, elastic structure. The Asclepiadee are a very difficult group to study,

and no unknown member of the Order can be generically determined until the

character and position of the pollen as seen seated iu place in the anther-cells,

not as withdrawn, have been first ascertained. By the pollen the Order may

readily be divided into distinct primary groups:—(1) Granular and loosely

contained in the more or less spathulate entire or bitid pollen-carriers, but not

attached to the latter (Periplocew).—(2) United into very minute waxy masses,

4 or 2 of which are sessile upon a very minute quadrate pale-coloured pollen-

carrier (Secamonex).—(3) United into waxy masses, which are opaque (or rarely

with a pellucid area or linear space at one end or on the inner margin, and thea

distinctly pendulous), usually not very minute, and attached in pairs by caudicles

to dark-coloured pollen-carriers (Cynanchew with pendulons polleu-masses,

and Marsdeniee with erect or horizontal pollen-masses ; Tylophora is inter-

mediate between these two tribes, having minute pollen-masses that are some-

times pendulous, sometimes horizontal).—(4) United into waxy masses, which

are pellucid along one margin or just beneath the apex and attached in pairs by

eaudicles to dark-coloured pollen-carriers, erect, ascending or horizontal, never

pendulous (Ceropegiee and Stapeliee). : :

In the following descriptions, the dimensions of the dried flowers I have

520 ASCLEPIADE® (Brown).

examined, unless otherwise stated, are always taken after having boiled the flowers

in water, thus more nearly approaching the dimensions of living flowers. The

measurement of the staminal column is taken from its base to the level attained

by the anther-appendages, whether these latter are erect or inflexed, and in the

latter case does not comprise the full length of the appendages. Owing to

their fleshy nature, the corona-lobes, when subjected to pressure, often have

their original form altered, if not destroyed, and many species cannot be

identified from descriptions because sufficient care has not been taken to ascertain

the true form of the coronal structure, and there is sometimes much discrepancy

between descriptions of the same plant.

Series I. Filaments of the stamens free. Pollen of loose granules, each

granule formed of 4 pollen-grains united in a tetrad or of 3-5 united in a

row.

Tribe I, PrrtpLoce£.—Anthers produced at the apex into a fleshy apiculus

or small fleshy or filiform or rarely membranous appendage, connivent over the

style-apex and frequently connate at their tips. Pollen-carriers spathulate,

trumpet-shaped or trowel-shaped, sometimes bipartite, horny, furnished with an

adhesive gland at the base, not attached to the pollen-grains, but holding them

loosely in the blade or concave part.

* Corolla with a distinct campanulate or cylindric tube 4-8 lin. long.

+ Corona-lobes inserted on the corolla-tube distinctly above the base of the

stamens.

I. Cryptolepis.— Corona-lobes inserted at about the middle of the corolla-tube.

Erect or twining shrubs or shrublets.

II. Stomatostemma.—Corona-lobes clavate, inserted at the mouth of the

corolla-tube. Stamens inserted near the base of the corolla-tube; anthers

with a glabrous apiculus. A climbing or bushy shrub.

ILL. Ectadium.—Corona-lobes subulate, inserted at the mouth of the corolla-

tube. Stamens inserted at the base of the corolla-tube; anthers with long

filiform hairy appendages. Erect shrubs.

+} Corona-lobes inserted on the corolla-tube with the stamens or occasionally

upon their filaments.

LV. Raphionacme.—Corona-lobes and stamens inserted above the middle or at

the mouth of the corolla-tube. Herbs with a tuberous rootstock and dwarf or

twining stems.

** Corolla rotate or subrotate, lobed nearly to the base, withowt a distinct

campanulate tube. Erect or climbing shrubs.

V. Tacazzea.—Corona-lobes filiform and simple or linear and divided above

into 2 or 3 filiform segments, inserted at or near the base of the staminal

filaments and often shortly adnate to them. Stipules represented by a line

connecting the bases of the petioles. :

VI. Chlorocodon.—Corona-lobes broadly obcordate or obreniform with or with-

out an erect or incurved dorsal process. Stipules well developed between the

leaf-bases, toothed or frill-like.

Series II. Filaments of the stamens, when present, connate around the ovary

into a tube, which is sometimes very short and ring-like, the top of the tube

or the anthers or both udnate to the dilated part of the style. Pollen-

contents of each anther-cell united into 1 or 2 waxy masses. Pollen

carriers quadrate, turgid or rarely dorsally flattened, with a suture down

the back, never spathulate or trumpet-shaped,

* Pollen-masses 2 in each anther-cell, eaceedingly minute and distinct or the

2 ave combined into one marked with a longitudinal suture and sometimes

separable, seated directly on the pollen-carriers or upon @ broad flap-like

caudicle on their upper part in fours or in pairs. Pollen-carriers very

minute, subquadrate, rather soft, pale-coloured.

ASCLEPIADEZE (Brown). 521

Tribe II. SkEcaMonex.—Anthers erect or ascending, with more or less

fimbriated appendages. Style-apex often exserted beyond the anthers.

VII. Secamone.—Climbing shrubs. Flowers small, in cymes. Corona of 5

simple lobes more or less adnate to the staminal column.

** Pollen-masses solitary in each anther-cell, attached in pairs to each of the

pollen-carriers or to lateral expansions of them by long or short caudicles,

or sessile in Fockea. Pollen-carriers hard, horny, sometimes pale, but

usually black, brown ov dark-coloured.

Tribe ILI. CynANcHE&.—Anthers erect, connivent-erect or rarely divergent-

erect, tipped with entire or rarely toothed or fringed membranous appendages,

which are often inflexed over the style-apex or upon its rim. Pollen-masses

pendulous in the anther-cells, opaque, except in some species of Schizoglossum

which have a small pellucid area just beneath the apex, and in Cordylogyne and

Periglossum which are subtransparent at one end.

+ Corona none or of 5 inconspicuous tubercles or scales on the corolla-tube

alternating with tufts of hairs near its base, middle or top, none on the

staminal column,

VILI. Astephanus.—Corolla-lobes erect or spreading, not partly closing the

mouth of the tube and without a hump on the back. Corona none, Slender

. twiners.

1X. Microloma.—(orolla-lobes connivent over or spirally arranged around and

partly closing the mouth of the tube, often with a hump on the back.

Corona-tu'ercles often present. Slender twiners or much branched and often

rigid shrublets,

t+} Corona of 5 broad simple lobes seated at the sinuses of and adnate to the

corolla-tube, none on the staminal column.

X. Parapodium.—Corolla-tube shortly hemispherical or globose-campanulate ;

lobes recurved or spreading at the tips. Dwarf erect tuberous-rooted herbs,

Stem simple. Flowers of moderate size, in lateral umbels.

Tit Corona distinct, arising from the staminal column or in the angle

between it and the corolla or both, none on the corolla.

t Stems erect, decumbent or prostrate, never twining, herbaceous (rarely

woody in Cynanchum). Rootstock often a tuber.

$ Corona of 5 distinct free lobes in one series, often with one or more

appendages or keels on their inner face; outer corona none or reduced

to very minute lobules, teeth or (in Periglosswm) filiform processes

_ alternating with the lobes.

XL. Woodia.—Corona-lobes not exceeding the incurved-ascending, suberect or

‘spreading corolla-lobes, dorsally flattened, not very fleshy in dried flowers,

deeply trifid or quadrate with square shoulders and an incurved mid-lobe,

with the margins incurved at the base and ascending the column as narrow

wings,

XII. Xysmalobium.—Corona-lobes shorter than the erect, spreading or reflexed

corolla-lobes, very fleshy, often nearly or quite as thick as broad, or if dorsally

flattened, then comparatively thick, solid, without a fissure or cavity on the

inner side, veriously shaped, keelless or with 1 median keel, very rarely with

2 keels or a tooth (but no other process) on the inner face, not acutely keeled

down the back. (See also Schizoglossum periglossvides).

XIII. Periglossum.—Corona-lobes shorter than the suberect corolla-lobes,

dorsally flattened, spathulate; blade oblong, subcordate-oblong or ovate.

sagittate, with 2 keels capped by a transverse ridge or tubercle (rarely without

keels) on the inner face. Staminal column subglobose or globose-obovoid,

constricted under the anther-wppendages. Pollen-masses subtranslucent at

the free end and much shorter than their caudicles. Style not exserted beyond

the anther-appendages.

522 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown).

XIV. Cordylogyne.—Corona-lobes hastately subspathulate, otherwise as in

Periglossum. Staminal column cylindric, not constricted under the anther-

appendages. Pollen-masses subtranslucent at the attached end and much

longer than their caudicles. Style exserted much beyond the anther-

appendages.

XV. Krebsia.—Corona-lobes exserted beyond the recurved tips of the, erect

corolla-lobes, narrowly-lanceolate below, tapering into a subulate point, in-

curved at the apex, acutely keeled down the back, with a triangular wing on

each side of the keel at the base forming a rhomboid expansion, no appendage

or keel on the inner face.

XVI. Schizoglossum.—Corona-lobes longer or shorter than the corolla-lobes ;

dorsally flattened, thin (very rarely somewhat thick and fleshy) in dried

flowers, never complicate, but occasionally with slightly incurved margins,

often produced into a short or long subulate or filiform point at the apex and

having 2 keels (rarely without them) and frequently also 1 or 2 filiform or

other appendages or 2 basal teeth on their inner face, Pollen-masses opaque

or with a small translucent space just below the apex.

XVII. Fanninia.—Corona-lobes ‘shorter than the suberect corolla-lobes,

dorsally flattened, not thick, linear-oblong, with a distinct midrib and 2 erect

basal lobules, but no keels. Flowers rather large and showy, in terminal

umbels, white with a purple corona.

XVIII. Asclepias.—Corona-lobes laterally flattened or at least measuring as

much from front to back as in breadth, with the sides folded together through-

out or at the base or apex, and often produced into teeth directed to the centre

of the flower, forming an open cavity, fissure or channel between them

(cucullate or complicate), with or without a horn or other appendage within

the cavity, sometimes with the apex of the lobe prolonged, but never dilated

or petaloid.

X1X. Pachycarpus.—Corona-lobes at their basal part or throughout horizontally

radiating or ascending from the stout staminal column, sometimes consisting

of a pair of contiguous fleshy erect lobes (keels) with or without a short point

beyond, or more usually long and dorsally flattened, at least beyond the keels,

linear, linear-oblong or spathulate with a distinct claw and often petaloid biade,

with or without 2 parallel keels or large fleshy or wing-like erect contiguous

Icbes or keels at their base and the upper part often curving over them.

§§ Corona-lobes united into a tube (at least at the base), truncate,

toothed or lobed at the top, with or without keels or other processes

within, :

XXII. Cynanchum,—Small herbs 2-8 in. high, branching at the base, ora

shrublet with the rigid arching woody branches. Flowers small,

§§§ Corona complex or of 3 series of erect lobes :—outer series of 5 simple

lobes opposite the corolla-lobes and a middle series of 5 deeply trifid or

auriculate lobes alternating with them, both arising in the angle between

the corolla and staminal column, and distinct or more or less united at

the base in apparently 1 series ; inner series of 5 simple lobes on the

staminal column opposite the anthers.

XXV. Eustegia.—Dwarf herbs branching at the base with branches 2-6 in.

long. Leaves linear-filiform to linear-hastate. Carpels with several ovules

ineach, Follicles not seen.

XXVI. Emicocarpus.— Herb, with prostrate branches 2-4 ft. long. Leaves

palmately divided. Carpels with 1 ovule in each. Follicles small, ob-

re el with 3 spreading spines. Seed solitary, without a tuft of hairs at

either end.

+t Stems twining or rambling.

- § Corona in one series; no outer corona.

XX. Glossostephanus.— Corona of 5 free simple lobes, laterally compressed and

dorsally grooved. Style produced beyond the anther-appendages into an

acutely bifid beak.

ASCLEPIADE&® (Brown). 523

XXI. Pentarrbinum.—Corona of 5 free obconic or trumpet- or slipper-shaped

lobes, with infolded margins and truncate or rounded at the apex, with a horn

directed over or towards the anthers. Style not exceeding the anther-

appendages.

XXIL. Cynanchum.—Corona annular, cup-shaped or tubular and truncate or

toothed at the top, or divided nearly or quite to the base into 5 dorsally

flattened entire or toothed lobes, with or without keels or other processes within

the tube or on the inner face or at the base of the lobes. Style shorter than or

exceeding the anther-appendages.

XXVII. Tylophora.—Corona-lobes usually of 5 tubercles adnate to or radiating

from the staminal column at or above its base and usually not exceeding the

filament part of it, rarely with free tips or of free dorsally flattened Icbes and

attaining to the level of the anther-tips. Pollen-masses pendulous or sub-

horizontal. Style rarely slightly exceeding the anther-appendages.

§§ Corona in 2 distinct series.

XXIII. Sarcostemma.— Corolla rotate or rotate-campanulate. Outer corona

annular or cup-shaped, pentagonal, truncate or shortly lobed. Inner corona

of 5 simple laterally compressed or keeled lobes, embraced at the base by the

outer corona. Stem leafless, fleshy.

XXIV. Pergularia,—Corolla with a campanulate or cylindric tube and widely

spreading lubes. Outer corona annular, shortly 5-lobed. Inner corona of

5 erect fleshy lobes, produced into a subulate incurved horn at the apex and —

with a spreading or deflexed spur at the base. Stem not fleshy. Leaves

large, cordate.

Tribe IV. Magspentem.—Anthers erect or incurved-ascending, with (or

without in Spherocodon) a membranous appendage at the apex. Pollen-masses

distinctly erect in the anther-cells, opaque and usually not very minute, or in

Emplectanthus minute with a pellucid margin on one side.

N.B.—Tylophora is intermediate between Marsdeniee and Cynanchee and is

placed in the latter tribe,as in most of the South African species the pollen-

masses are distinctly pendulous, in others, however, they are very minute,

subglobose, attached at their middle to very slender caudicles and neither erect

nor pendulous.

+ Corona double, arising from the staminal column.

XXVIII. Emplectanthus. - Outer corona-lobes with pocket-like bases and

minute spreading emarginate or bifid tips. Inner corona-lobes adpressed to

the backs of the anthers and not exceeding them, dorsally connected to the

basal margins of the outer corona-lobes. Follicles long and slender, linear-

terete, probably constricted between the seeds, Stem twining.

tt Corona of 5 distinct lobes or tubercles in one series arising from the

staminal column,

XXIX. Spherocodon.—Corona of 5 small fleshy tubercles on the staminal

coluinn much above its base. Stamens erect or tortuous, not twining. :

XXX. Marsdenia,—Corona of 5 erect lobes adnate to the staminal column with

free margins and tips. ollicles stout, coriaceous, with 4 broad wings. Stem

very long, twining.

XXXI. Prageluria.— Corona of 5 erect lobes, adnate to the staminal column

below, free above, with a subulate process on the inner face. Stem twining.

tit Corona tubular, arising in the angle between the staminal column and

the corolla, lobed or toothed at the top, with 1-2 superposed series of

teeth” or filiform processes and 5 pairs of wing-like keels within the

tube.

XXXII. Fockea.—Rootstock a large tuber. Stem erect or twining. Anther-

appendages very large, membranous, inflated.

524 ASCLEPIADE® (Brown).

+t Corona of 5 narrow grooved lobes upon the corolla-tube and adnate up

to its mouth, incurved at the tips, ciliate on the adnate part; none on

the staminal column.

XXXII. Gymnema.—Twining shrubs. Umbels often 2 from the same node and

opposite, sublateral. Flowers small.

+++++ Corona none.

XXXIV. Rhyssolobium.—A much-branched shrublet, with rigid woody whitish-

puberulous branchlets. Leaves small and thick. Flowers very small, 1-3

together, subsessile at the nodes.

Tribe V. Crropecie®.—Anthers erect, connivent, or incumbent on the top

of the style, with or without an apiculus or terminal appendage, sometimes tipper

with hairs. Pollen-masses erect, ascending or horizontal in the-anther-cells,

pellucid along the inner margin or at the apex (see also Hmplectanthus). Pollen-

carriers sometimes with a wing-like expansion on each side. Stems herbaceous

or fleshy, erect, prostrate or twining, with well-developed leaves, rarely leafless

and then without distinct angles.

* Corona-lobes all in 1 serics on the staminal column opposite (or on or

below the back of) the anthers, none alternating with them. tose

+ Corona of 5 lobes, without a dorsal arm or an appendage on their inner

face,

XXXV. Orthanthera.—Corolla-tube elongated, not bearded at the mouth, more

or less inflated at the base. Corona-lobes A-shaped, adnate to the staminal

column, with free reflexed wing-like margins. Stems prostrate with broad

Jeaves, or erect and shrubby with narrow leaves.

XXXVI. Sisyranthus.—Corolla-tube short, campanulate or globose-campanulate,

sometimes bearded at the mouth and on the lobes. Corona-lobes erect, partly

adnate to the staminal column, ovate or oblong and entire, or broadly-

cuneate or subrhomboid and 3-toothed, with the middle tooth sometimes

bifid. Roots thick, fleshy, clustered. Stems erect, rather slender, simple or

branched. Leaves long, linear. Flowers small, in pedunculate umbel-like

clusters.

XXXVIII. Macropetalum.—Corolla-tube exceedingly short; lobes very long,

reflexed straight back. Corona-lobes exserted, adnate to the staminal culumn

at the base, free and linear-lanceolate above. Rootstock a tuber. Stem erect,

slender. Leaves filiform,

++ Corona of 5 broad bifid lobes with a long linear filiform appendage on

their inner face, or the dorsal part of the lobe short and subulate,

appearing to arise from the back of the long linear-spathulate inner

part.

XLII, Anisotoma.—Corolla-tube short, not bearded. Herb branching at the

base into many prostrate stems. Leaves cordate. Flowers small in sessile or

pedunculate umbel-like clusters. (See also Brachystelma.)

** Corona-lobes in 2 or 8 series, or falsely in 1 series of 3-fid lobes, all on

_ the staminal column ; I series or its teeth alternating with the anthers,

the other 1 or 2 series opposite to them. Inner corona-lobes shorter

than, equalling or longer than the anthers.

+ Corolla-tube tubular, 2 to several times as long as its diameter at the

middle, often inflated at the base ; lobes free or united. :

XXXIX. Riocreuxia,—Outer corona sometimes 1-seriate, of 5 subulate simple or

bifid lobes radiating horizontally or of 5 minute ascending or spreading often

pouch-like bifid lobes ; sometimes 2-seriate, with 5 minute bifid or emarginate

lobes alternating with and just beneath the radiating subulate lobes, forming

an irregularly 15~20-toothed frill. Inflorescence a branching cyme or panicle

with few or many clusters of flowers scattered along its branches, or the

clusters racemosely arranged along a single peduncle or sessile at the nodes.

ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 525

XL. Ceropegia.—Outer corona always 1-seriate, cup-shaped and entire or 5-10-

toothed, or of 5 bifid lubes often pouch-like at the base or reduced to minute

pouches, or the lobes divided to the base and the halves adnate to the adjacent

sides of the inner corona-lobes so as to apparently form 1 series of 5 trifid

lobes opposite the anthers, or the halves or teeth of 2 adjacent lobes connate

and forming 5 lobes immediately behind the inner corona-lobes which are

shorter than, equalling or longer than the anthers, Pedwnele bearing 1 to

many flowers in a cluster or umbel-like cyme or occasionally with pairs of

flowers racemosely scattered slong it, or the clusters sessile or the flowers

solitary or in pairs at the nodes.

tt Corolla-tube not twice as long as its diameter at the middle, very rarely

tubular and slightly inflated at the base, sometimes none.

XXXVII. Tenaris.—Corolla-tube very short; lobes free, not reflexed. Outer

corona of 5 small lobes or minute pouches; inner corona of 5 subulate, linear

or filiform lobes shorter to longer than the anthers. Rootstock a tuber. Stem

erect, slender.

XLI. Brachystelma.—Corolla-tube campanulate or saucer-shaped or expanded

nearly flat, very rarely shortly tubular; lobes free or united. Corona varying

exactly as in Ceropegia. Rootstock a tuber or cluster of fleshy roots. Stems

dwarf, erect or prostrate. Flowers small or of moderate size, few or many

together in lateral or terminal clusters or umbel-like cymes, or solitary or in

pairs at the nodes.

Tribe VI, Srapgenism.—Anthers suberect or incumbent upon the style-apex,

without appendages. Pollen and pollen-carriers as in Ceropegiex. Stems thick

and fleshy, 3- to many-angled, usually dwarf, erect or procumbent or diving

underground, tuberculate-tessellate, or toothed along the angles, leafless or the

teeth tipped with rudimentary or small subalate fleshy leaves, or the tubercles or

teeth stout and conical or spine-like or ending in slender bristles. Flowers

fleshy. Corolla-lobes valvate in bud. Corona arising from the staminal column,

none on the corolla. ‘

* Corolla-lobes connate at the tips.

XLII. Pectinaria.—Stems decumbent or procumbent, often diving under-

ground, 4-angled or tessellately tuberculate, with promineat buds in the axils

of all the teeth or tubercles. Flowers small, developing between the tubercles

or angles, Corona double, variable.

** Corolla-lobes not connate at the tips. Stems without prominent buds

in the axils of all the teeth or tubercles.

+ Stems covered with crowded pointless tubercles or with 6 to many angles

formed of closely-placed tubercles, each tipped with a slender spine or

3 bristles, (See also Huernia Pillansii.) : :

t Corolla-tube very small or none, Outer corona of 5 spreading bifid or

bipartite lobes, concave or pouch-like at the base, or the lobes united

into a cup with émarginate or bifid lobes.

XLV. Trichocaulon.—Tubercles of the stem pointless or tipped with a simple

slender spine. Corolla less than 3 in. in diam., lobed to half-way, with a very

short tnbe just enclosing the corona or the united part very shallowly saucer-

shaped without a tube. : ;

XLVI. Hoodia.—Tubercles of the stem tipped with a simple slender spine.

Corolla more than 1 in, in diam., cup- or saucer-shaped or nearly flat, sub-

entire or obsoletely lobed, with 5 slender subulate points on the margin; tube

a very small depression just enclosing the corona.

tt Corolla-tube 14-3 in. long. Outer corona divided into 10 filaments

terminating in knobs,

XLVII, Tavaresia,—Tubercles of the stem tipped with 3 bristles.

526 ASCLEPIADEE (Brown).

+7 Stems obtusely or acutely 4-6- (or in Huernia rarely 8-24-) angled ;

teeth of the angles not tipped with slender spines or bristles (except in

Huernia Pillansii), but sometimes stout and conical with hardened

spine-like tips.

t Corolla with the angles between the lobes produced into distinct teeth.

XLVIII. Huernia.—Corolla wholly campanulate or with a campanulate or

globose-campanulate tube and spreading lobes or saucer-shaped limb, the latter

sometimes raised into a ring around the mouth of the tube. Outer corona

B-lobed or 10-toothed, adnate to the very base of the corolla, absent in one

species.

+t Corolla not produced into distinct teeth at the angles between the lobes.

§ Corolla-tube with another tube within nearly as long as itself.

L. Diplocyatha. Corolla large, with a campanulate tube and very spreading

lobes, ciliate with vibratile clavate hairs. Outer corona of 5 spreading bifid

lobes, Inner corona of 5 ovate acuminate lobes incumbent on the anthers and

produced beyond them into short erect points.

$§ Corolla-tube none or, when present, without another tube inside it.

|| Outer corona present, distinct.

XLIV. Caralluma.—Corolla-tube varying from almost none to campanulate or

subglobose. Outer corona of 5 small lobes or pouches alternating with the

anthers and more or less adnate at their base or sides to the inner coropa-

lobes, rarely quite free to the base, usually bifid, sometimes so deeply that the

whole corona appears to consist of 5 trifid lobes, or the lobes are united into

an entire or 5-20-toothed ring or cup and connected to the backs of the inner

corona-lobes.

LI. Stapelia— Corolla usually star-like with a flattened or saucer-shaped disk,

with or without a depression or cavity containing the corona or with a raised

ring around it, rarely with a broad cup-like or shortly campanulate tube ;

lobes flat or with revolute margins, never replicate. Outer corona-lobes

_ always very distinct, free to their base,

LIII. Duvalia.— Corolla with the disk raised into a tube-like rim supporting

the corona; lobes more or less folded lengthwise (replicate) and often into

narrow vertical plates. Outer corona in one piece, disk-like, subcircular or

obtusely 5-10-angled (in D. angustiloba reduced to a mere margin), resting on

or rarely below the rim of the raised ring on the corolla-disk and closing the

spurious tube formed by it. Inner corona-lobes rhomboid-ovoid.

|| || Outer corona none, (See also Huernia simplex and Duvalia angustiloba).

XLIX. Huerniopsis.—Corolla-tube campanulate, as long as the lobes. Corona-

lobes stout, square in transverse section below the middle, preduced above

the anthers into subulate points, without a dorsal crest at their base.

LII. Piaranthus.—Corolla-tube much shorter than the lobes or none. Corona-

lobes not square in transverse section, with (or in P. grivanus without) @

thick dorsal transverse crest at the base.

I. CRYPTOLEPIS, R. Br.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla with a campanulate tube ; lobes more or

less twisted and overlapping to the left in bud, the angles between

them usually provided with a small pocket-like flap within. Corona

of 5 fleshy lobes arising from about the middle of the corolla-tube

at some distance above the insertion of the stamens, alternating with

the corolla-lobes. Stamens arising from the lower part of the

corolla-tube ; filaments free; anthers more or less deltoid or

Cryptolepis. | ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). ; 527

triangular, with the connective produced into a fleshy apiculus,

united to the dilated part of the style at the base, more or less

connivent in a cone. Pollen granular; pollen-earrier more or less

spathulate. Style not exceeding the anthers, shortly conical at the

apex. follicles linear-terete, subfusiform or ovate, smooth. Seeds

crowned with a tuft of hairs.

Erect or twining shrubs; leaves opposite; flowers small or of moderate size,

arranged in subaxillary or terminal cymes, or rarely subsolitary.

Distris. A genus of several species, ranging through the warmer parts of the

Old World as far north as Cashmere.

Corolla-lobes 3-5 lin, long, linear-lanceolate, acumi-

nate :

Leaves acute; pedicels $-1 in. long $c ss

Leaves obtuse or retuse, apiculate; pedicels

1-2 lin. long es re = ex wi

Corolla-lobes under 2° lin. long, oblong or linear-

oblong:

Petioles 4-1 lin. long :

Stems twining; corona-lobes oblong, obtuse (3) delagoensis.

Stems erect, not twining ; corona-lobes sub-

terete or clavate a8 iid ... (5) oblongifolia.

Petioles 2-4 lin. long; stems scrambling or

twining ; corona-lobes clavate ... dn ... (4) transvaalensis.

(1) capensis.

(2) obtusa.

1. C. capensis (Schlechter in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb.

xxxv. 47); stem twining, slender, woody, glabrous, minutely

tuberculate; leaves glabrous, thin; petiole 2-6 lin. long; blade

11-82 in. long, 1-12 in. broad, lanceolate to elliptic, acute, acumi-

nate or shortly cuspidate at the apex, acute at the base; eymes

lateral at the nodes or subterminal, very lax, once or twice dicho-

tomously or trichotomously forked, pedunculate, glabrous ; branches

3-3 in. long, racemosely few-flowered ; peduncle 3-24 in. long;

bracts 1-1 lin. long, subulate, glabrous; pedicels 3-1 in. long,

glabrous ; sepals about 12 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, oblong-lanceolate,

acute, glabrous ; corolla long-acuminate and twisted in bud, glabrous ;

tube 2—25 lin. long, campanulate ; lobes spreading, twisted, 4—5 lin.

long when unrolled, lanceolate, acuminate, or tapering from a

12-12 lin. broad base to a linear apex ; corona-lobes affixed at the

middle of the corolla-tube, 1-2 lin. long, ovate or rhomboid-

ovate, obtusely pointed, fleshy; stamens arising § lin. above the

base of the corolla; filaments very short; anthers nearly + lin.

long, ovate, very acuminate, connivent over the very short conical

apex of the style; follicles 4-8} in. long, 2-21 lin. thick, terete,

acuminate, slightly nodose; seeds 5 lin. long, 1 lin. broad,

linear-oblong, keeled and concave on one side, convex, with raised

irregular lines on the other side, glabrous, dark brown. Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1896, 315. ‘

Eastern ReGion: Transkei; near Kentani, Miss Alice. Pegler, 663! Natal;

Nonoti River, Gerrard, 1319! Inanda, Wood, 761! 886! 1583! McKen, 6! and

without precise locality, McKen, 21! Sanderson /

528 ASCLEPIADEE (Brown). [Cryptolepis.

The flowers are stated by Mr. Wood on one label to be white, on the other

yellow, so they probably vary.

2. C. obtusa (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 110); stem

twining, glabrous; leaves thinly coriaceous, glabrous; petiole 2-5

lin. long; blade $—3 in. long, 43-16 lin. broad, oblong, subtruncately

obtuse, retuse or emarginate, mucronate ; cymes 1~2 in. long, pedun-

culate, dichotomous, laxly 6—10-flowered, glabrous in all parts,

axillary, often from both axils, and often arranged in elongate

leafless (leaves fallen away?) narrow panicles 3-12 in, long, at the

ends of the lateral shoots; peduneles 1-1 in. long; bracts 4-1 lin.

long, lanceolate, acute; pedicels 1-2 lin. long ; sepals % lin. long,

ovate, subacute; buds acuminate, twisted; corolla-tube 1 lin. long;

lobes 3 lin. long, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous; corona-

lobes arising at the middle of the corolla-tube, } lin. long, fleshy,

lanceolate, acuminate; anthers acuminate, connivent ; follicles 3-5

in. long, 21~3 lin. thick, fusiform-terete, acuminate, glabrous, smooth,

reflexed when ripe; seeds 3 lin. long, 2-1 lin. broad, oblong-lanceo-

late, flat with a central keel on one side, convex on the other,

minutely tuberculate, blackish-brown. N. HE. Br. in Dyer, Fil.

Trop. Afr. iv. i. 246; Schlechter in Journ. Bof. 1896, 815; K.

Schum. in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 320.

Eastern Reeion: Delagoa Bay, Speke, 12! Monteiro! Schlechter !

Katasari Reaion: Transvaal; Komati Poort, 600 ft., Rogers, 900!

Also in Tropical Africa.

3. C. delagoensis (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 26); stem

twining, branched, glabrous; leaves spreading; petiole }—1 lin,

long; blade 6-10 lin. long, 2-31 lin. broad, elliptie or lanceolate-

elliptic, acute or mucronulate, glabrous on both sides, pallid beneath,

papery in texture ; cymes many times shorter than the leaves, 2—4-

flowered, glabrous; pedicels }—% lin. long, glabrous; sepals scarcely

1 lin. long, ovate, subobtuse, glabrous ; corolla 11 lin. long, lobed to

below the middle, campanulate, glabrous; lobes oblong, obtuse ;

corona-lobes inserted below the corolla-throat, oblong, obtuse,

glabrous; filaments of the stamens very short; anthers hastate-

lanceolate, subacute, glabrous, without an appendage; style-apex

shortly conical.

Eastern Recion: Delagoa Bay; near Lourenco Marquez, Schlechter.

4. C. transvaalensis (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 315); a

woody climber, glabrous in all parts ; leaves spreading, subcoriaceous ;

petiole 2-4 lin. long ; blade $—1+ in. long, 3—1 in. broad, elliptic or

elliptic-obovate, obtusely rounded and shortly cuspidate-apiculate at

the apex, broadly cuneate at the base; apiculus more or less re-

curved ; undersurface rather pale, densely reticulate ; eymes axillary

or sublateral, many-flowered, small, about 3 in. long including the

short peduncle, 6-8 lin. broad, trichotomously or dichotomously

_ branched, glabrous, including the flowers ; bracts opposite, spreading,

Cryptolepis. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 529

somewhat membranous, 3—1 lin. long, 2~} lin. broad, oblong, sub-

obtuse, very minutely ciliate; pedicels 2-1 lin. long, glabrous ;

sepals } lin. long, 4-2 lin. broad, ovate, obtuse, rather membranous,

very minutely ciliate; corolla small, glabrous, yellowish; tube

{ lin. long, campanulate; lobes 12 lin. long, 1 Jin. broad, oblong,

obliquely obtuse at the apex; corona-lobes arising from the middle

of the corolla-tube, 1 lin. long, clavate, fleshy, connivent over the

stamens ; filaments of the stamens very short; anthers 3 lin. long,

deltoid, very acuminate, connivent over the very short conical apex

of the style; follicles widely diverging, 12-2 in. long, 31-52 lin.

thick at the swollen base, whence they gradually taper into a long

slender acute beak, with a very small hook at the apex; seeds 3-4

lin. long, 14-12 lin. broad, narrowly ovate to somewhat rhomboid-

ovate, flattened with a central keel on one side, convex on the other,

seabrid-tubereulate all over, brown. Ectadiopsis cryptolepioides,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 10.

KALAWARI Re@ton: Transvaal; Hout Bosch, Rehmann, 5879! 5880! near

Botsabelo, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 4082! Bush Veld, near Warm Bath, 3900 ft.,

Bolus, 12154! among shrubs on Elandspruit Mountains, 6000 ft., and Magaliesberg

Range, near Apies River, 4900 ft., Schlechter, ex Schiechter. Wonderboom

Poort, Leendertz,519! Rogers in Transvaal Herb. 2502!

5. C. oblongifolia (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 315); an

erect branching shrub; branches usually rather long, slender,

reddish-brown, very minutely scabrous ; leaves ascending, glabrous ;

petiole 4-1 lin. long; blade 1-2 in. long, 2-2 in. broad, varying

from narrowly lanceolate to oblong-elliptic, acute, or obtuse and

apiculate, cuneate or rounded at the base, pallid beneath; cymes

subaxillary, subsessile, trichotomous, 1—3 in. in diam. ; bracts 3—] lin.

long, ovate, obtuse; pedicels 1-14 lin. long; sepals 2-3 lin. long,

oblong, obtuse, minutely ciliate at the apex; corolla quite glabrous,

yellowish-green ; tube 2-1 lin. long, campanulate; lobes 13-14 lin.

long, 2—8 lin, broad, oblong or lanceolate-oblong, obtuse ; corona-

lobes inserted at the middle of the corolla-tube, 1-3 lin. long, sub-

terete or clavate, truncate, obtuse or acute, fleshy ; anthers deltoid,

very acuminate; follicles diverging at an angle of about 80°,

3-32 in. long, about + in. thick, narrowly fusiform, gradually

tapering from about the middle to a subacute point, glabrous ; seeds

about 4 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, narrowly oblong, convex on one side,

concave, with a central ridge on the other, minutely seabrous.

N. #. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 249. Eetadium oblongi-

Jolium, Meisn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1848, 542 (by error

442); Hochst. in Flora, 1844, 827; Walp. Rep. iv. 481. Secamone

acutifolia, Sond. in Linnea, xxiii. 76; Walp. Ann. iii. 48. Heta-

diopsis oblongifolia, Benth, and E, acutifolia, Benth. in Benth. &

Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 741. EB, oblongifolia, Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xviii., Beibl. 45, 14; xx. Beibl. 51, 10.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1188 ! ere

Katanart ReGion: Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Burke, 322! in stony places

VOL. IV.—SEOT. I.—PART. IV. Mm

530 ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). [Cryptolepis.

near the Mooi River and on the Magalies Berg, Zeyher, 1182! near Apies River,

6000 ft., Schlechter, 3590, ex Schlechter, in stony places near Little Olifant

River, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 3804! near Pretoria, McLea in Herb. Bolus, 5701!

Leendertz, 145! 345! Apies Poort, Rehmann, 4159! hills near Barberton,

3000-3300 ft,, Galpin, 383, ex Schlechter; stony places near Botsabelo, 5000 ft.,

Schlechter, 4096! near Johannesburg, Conrath, 1061! Gilfillan in Herb.

Galpin, 6144! Rand, 959! Shiluvane, Junod, 864!

Hastern ReEGion: Natal; at the borders of woods near the Umgeni River,

Krauss, 182! Inanda, Wood, 446! Fields Hill, Wood in Natal Herb., 9! Palmiet

River, Gerrard, 10! near Durban, Gerrard, 595! and without precise locality,

Gerrard, 132!

Also in Tropical Africa.

II. STOMATOSTEMMA, N. E. Br.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla-tube broadly campanulate ; lobes over-

lapping in bud. Corona of 5 fleshy clavate lobes inserted in the

sinuses between the corolla-lobes. Stamens inserted near the base

of the corolla-tube ; filaments free; anthers united at their base to

the dilated part of the style, connivent in a cone, triangular, with

the connective produced into a fleshy apiculus, glabrous. Pollen

granular. Pollen-carriers with the margins inrolled so as to nearly

form an oblique-mouthed tube, broadly ovate when flattened out,

grooved down the back. Style shortly conical at the apex, shorter

than the anthers. Follicles and seeds not seen.

A climbing or bushy shrub, with milky juice; leaves opposite; flowers of

moderate size, in few-flowered cymes, axillary (often from both axils) and

terminal, sometimes forming an elongated terminal narrow panicle, sometimes

somewhat corymbose.

Distris. Species 1, also in Tropical Africa.

I have separated this plant from Cryptolepis chiefly on account of the

position of the corona-lobes, which are much more distant from the stamens

than they are in Cryptolepis and occupy the same position that the sinus-

pockets do in that genus, so that they probably represent the same organs, whilst

the corona-lobes which arise from the middle of the corolla-tube in Cryptolepis

are not represented in Stomatostemma, ‘The corolla also differs from that of

Cryptolepis in being more inflated and more obtuse when in bud, and has a

much broader tube and broader lobes than in any species of that genus. The

name is formed from oroua (a mouth) and orexua (a crown), in allusion to the

position of the corona at the mouth of the corolla-tube.

1. S. Monteiroe (N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i, 253) ;

a climber, glabrous in all parts; leaves spreading, moderately

distant ; petiole about 2 lin. long; blade 11-3 in. long, 1-2 in.

broad, linear, oblong, lanceolate or cuneate-obovate, acute or obtuse

and apiculate at the apex, acute at the base ; cymes terminal, sub-

corymbose, or spaced out along the terminal part of the stem in a

racemose manner, few-flowered, 1~1} in. long, ineluding the peduncle;

pedicels 13—2 lin. long, with two minute bracts at about the middle ;

sepals 1-1} lin. long, oyate or ovate-oblong, obtuse ; buds ellipsoid ;

corolla 1~1} in. in diam., campanulate, cream-coloured, densely

dusted with purple-brown along the middle of the lobes and entirely

Stomatostemma.} AsctePtIADEx (Brown). 531

purple-brown in the tube, or pink spotted with brown (Gadpin) ;

tube 2-3 lin. long; lobes 5-6 lin. long, oblong, obtuse, margins

revolute ; corona-lobes inserted at the sinuses of the corolla, 1 lin.

long, clavate, fleshy, dark purple-brown or blackish ; anthers acumi-

nate, connivent over the short conical apex of the style, whitish or

yellowish. Cryptolepis Montetroe, Oliv. in Hook. Ic. Pl. xvi. t.

1591; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii., Beibl. 45, 14, and Journ.

Bot. 1896, 315. ,

Katanari Recion: Transvaal; Avoca, near Barberton, 1900 ft., climbing

over trees 20 ft. high, Galpin, 1250! Bush Veld, near Warm Bath, 3500 ft.,

Bolus, 12156!

Eastern REGIon: Delagoa Bay, Mrs. Monteiro!

Also in Tropical Africa near Lake Ngami.,

Ill. ECTADIUM, E. Meyer.

Calyx 5-partite; sepals erect. Corolla hypocrateriform; tube

cylindric ; lobes overlapping to the left and slightly twisted in bud.

Corona of 5 subulate lobes at the mouth of the corolla-tube, alternat-

ing with the corolla-lobes. Stamens inserted at the bottom of the

corolla-tube ; filaments very short, free; anthers adnate at their

base to the dilated part of the style, produced above into a long

erect appendage, hairy; pollen granular; pollen-carriers spathulate-

oblong, emarginate at the apex. Style very much shorter than the

stamens ; apex rather slender, bifid. Fotlicles widely divergent.

Shrubby plants, with erect, virgate stems, opposite leaves, and lateral, forked

cymes.

Distris. Two species, endemic.

Leaves 1-2 lin. broad, not pitted in the adult stage ... (1) virgatum.

Leaves 5-7 lin. broad, pitted in the adult stage... ... (2) latifolium.

1. E. virgatum (E. Meyer, Comm. Pl. Afr.-Austr. 188) ; stems

erect, simple or sparingly branched, 1-1} lin. thick, minutely

puberulous or glabrous; leaves ascending, 1}~3 in. long, 1-2 lin.

broad, linear, acute, narrowed at the base into a petiole 1-2 lin.

long, microscopically puberulous or glabrous; cymes 3-6 to a stem,

bifureate, lateral at the nodes, pedunculate, whitish-tomentose, many

flowered ; peduncles 2-1 in. long, ascending; bracts 1-2} lin. long,

subulate; sepals 2-21 lin. long, 3~2 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute,

tomentose, ciliolate ; corolla hypocrateriform ; tube 2-2} lin. long,

about 11 lin, in diam., cylindric, minutely pubescent outside ; lobes

about 21 lin. long, 2-1 lin. broad, obliquely oblong, spathulate-

oblong or lanceolate, obtuse or subacute, usually somewhat twisted,

glabrous on both sides; corona-lobes 3-1 lin, long, erect, subulate,

with a shortly decurrent keel at the base; stamens with filaments

{ lin. long; anthers deltoid-sagittate at the base, produced into a

filiform, densely hairy appendage about 1} lin. long, connivent-

ereet; apex of the style deeply bifid, + lin, long ; follicles widely

532 ASCLEPIADEX (Brown). [ Hetadium.

divergent, 2-22 in. long, 3-4 lin. thick, terete, tapering to an obtuse

point, smooth, minutely puberulous or glabrous; seeds about 3-4

lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad, oblong-lanceolate, keeled down the concave

face, smooth on both sides, blackish-brown. DG. Prodr. viii. 500;

Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 2, 230; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi,

Beibl. 54, 1, and Journ. Bot. 1896, 314.

Western Recon: Little Namaqualand ; in muddy places on the banks of

the Orange River, below 300 ft., Drége, 3047! and without precise locality,

Wyley, 76 !

2. E. latifolium (N. E. Br.); a shrub 13-3 ft. high; leaves

91-31 in. long, 5-7 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, tapering to the

base, very thick and coriaceous, tomentose on both sides when

young, becoming glabrous in the adult stage and densely reticulate-

punctate on both sides; petioles 14-2 lin. long ; cymes similar to

those of E. virgatum, but larger, white-tomentose ; bracts 2 lin.

long, subulate; pedicels 1-1} lin. long; sepals 3-34 lin. long, 8-]

lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, tomentose ; corolla hypocrateriform ;

tube 23-23 lin. long, cylindric, pubescent outside; lobes 23-3 lin.

long, 1-12 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, glabrous on both sides;

corona-lobes 3-2 lin. long, erect, subulate from a deltoid-oblong

base, usually with an indication of a minute tooth on each side at

the termination of the dilated part ; anther-appendages 13-14 lin.

long, connivent-erect, filiform, densely white-hairy; apex of the

style deeply bifid, } lin. long; follicles about 22 in. long; seeds

41 lin. long. EZ. virgatum, EH. Meyer, var. latifolium, Schinz in

Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb, xxx. 261.

Western Recion: Great Namaqualand; near Angra Pequena, in loose sand,

Schenck, 11! 50, Schinz.

Although very similar to E. virgatum, E. Meyer, this plant essentially differs

by its larger flowers, and especially in its leaves, which are at least twice as

thick as those of E. virgatum, and, in the adult state, are densely covered with

minute irregular pits, which appear, when viewed under a lens, as if placed

between a very dense network of veins. I find no trace of such structure in the

leaves of E. virgatum. '

IV. RAPHIONACME, Harv.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla with a distinct campanulate tube, and

erect, spreading or reflexed lobes, often with 2 narrow ridges on

their basal half, overlapping to the left and more or less twisted in

bud. Corona of 5 free, entire, bifid or trifid lobes, inserted with

the stamens and occasionally upon their filaments above the middle

of the corolla-tube, or at its mouth, alternating with the corolla-

lobes. Stamens inserted above the middle or at the mouth of the

corolla-tube; filaments free; anthers adnate to the dilated part of

the style at their base, connivent in a cone, and connate at their

tips. Pollen granular ; pollen-carriers spathulate, Style shortly

conical at the apex, not exceeding the anthers, Follicles often

Raphwnacme. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 533

solitary by abortion, short or long, lanceolate, fusiform or linear-

terete. Seeds crowned with a tuft of hairs.

Perennial herbs; rootstock a depressed or ovoid tuber, often having a long

woody neck, or consisting of a cluster of long fusiform fleshy roots 4-1 in. thick ;

juice milky; stem usually dwarf, simple or branched, sometimes twining ; leaves

opposite; flowers small or of moderate size, in few- or many-flowered cymes or

clusters, subaxillary from one axil, lateral at the nodes or terminal or seated in

the forks of the stem,

Distris. Species about 25, all the others in Tropical Africa.

Closely related to Tacazzea, from which it chiefly differs in its usually distinct

oe eae corolla-tube, by the cymes never arising from both axils, and by

abit.

The cymes in Raphionacnve are not truly axillary, although often apparently so;

morphologically they terminate the axis bearing the pair of leaves, from one

of whose axils they appear to arise; the bud in the axil of one of these leaves

rapidly develops, and falsely appears to be a direct continuation of the axis

below, forming a sympodial stem; the bud in the other axil is arrested, and thus

the terminal cyme takes its place and appears to be axillary ; in a few species,

however, the buds in both axils grow out and form branches, the cymes are

ba placed in the forks of the stem, and their truly terminal nature is made

evident.

Stem distinctly twining, minutely puberulous:

Corolla-lobes 5-6 lin. long, 25-3 lin. broad ~—...._ (1) Monteiro.

Corolla-lobes 24-34 lin. long, 3-14 lin. broad ... (2) Flanagani.

Stem procumbent, up to 1 ft. long, conspicuously

pubescent ; corolla-lobes about 1} lin. long ... (3) procumbens.

Stem and branches erect :

Plant usually with a solitary stem, simple or with

1 branch near or above the middle:

Plant 1-2 ft. high, rarely less, with a

minute inconspicuous pubescence on the

stem and leaves a eae i “is

Plant 2-9 in. high, with a very conspicuous

pubescence on the leaves ... ies i

Plant branching at the base into 2 or more

stems or the stem branching from the base

upwards :

Flowers green or yellowish-green; corona-

lobes deeply trifid :

Sepals less than twice as long as broad,

broadly ovate or oblong-ovate, obtuse

or subacute... ae eee toe

Sepals generally 2 or more times as

long as broad, narrow, very acute:

Leaves glabrous above, puberulous

beneath; sepals shorter than the :

corolla-tube or rarely equalling it (7) Burkei.

Leaves softly and conspicuously

pubescent on both sides; sepals

slightly longer than the corolla-

tube we i. ae ee

Flowers purple; corona-lobes' variable, Sra

entire or toothed at the apical part only... (9) divaricata.

(4) elata.

(5) Galpinii.

(6) Zeyheri.

(8) velutina.

1. R. Monteirow (N. E. Br.); rootstock tuberous; stem slender,

twining, minutely puberulous; leaves distant, spreading ; petiole

534 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). { Raphionacme.

1-2 lin. long; blade 2~14 in. (11-23 in. ex Oliver) long, 33-7 lin.

broad, oblong-ohovate, obtuse, shortly apiculate, thinly puberulous

above, softly pubescent beneath ; cymes from one axil, few-flowered ;

peduncle and branches of the cyme each about 2-3 lin. long, pubes-

cent; bracts 1-2 lin. long, ovate, acute, brown, pubescent ; pedicels

11-2 lin. long, pubescent; sepals 1 lin. long, 3—{ lin. broad, ovate,

acute, pubescent ; corolla about 1 in. in diam., minutely pubescent

outside, glabrous within, green; tube about 3 lin. long and broad,

campanulate, internally with 5 decurrent broadly 2-winged nectaries

alternating with the stamens; lobes ascending, 5-6 lin. long, 23-3

liv. broad, ovate-oblong, obliquely subemarginate at the obtuse ©

apex, strongly revolute along the margins ; corona-lobes inserted at

the sinuses of the corolla, very broad at the base, and laterally

adnate to the base of the corolla-lobes, 8-fid; lateral teeth about

1 lin. long, deltoid-oblong, obtuse, incurved, middle tooth 2 lin.

long, subulate, incurved over the anthers ; staminal filaments 2 lin.

long; anthers 18-2 lin. long, oblong, apiculate, connivent and

connate at the tips; pollen-carriers 1} lin. long; blade broadly

ovate or cordate, obtuse; stalk slender, dilated towards the base ;

gland large, rectangular; style broadly and obtusely conical at the

apex, shorter than the anthers. Chlorocyathus Monteiroe, Oliv. in

Hook. Ic. Pl. xvi. t..1557 ; Schlechter in Journ, Bot. 1896, 314.

Eastern Region: Delagoa Bay, cultivated specimen, Mrs. Monteiro /

Described from a plant sent to Kew in 1882 by Mrs. Monteiro, which

flowered in July, 1886.

2, R. Flanagani (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii., Beibl. 45, 2) ;

stem twining, puberulous on the young parts; leaves spreading,

petiolate; petiole 13-6 lin. long; blade 2-32 in. long, 3-15 in.

broad above the middle, elongate-oblong, oblong-oblanceolate or

obovate, acute, or obtuse and apiculate or very shortly cuspidate,

more or less cuneate at the base, flat or wavy along the margins,

rather thinly puberulous and dark green above, velvety puberulous

and pale brown or pale greyish beneath in the dried state; cymes

subaxillary, subsessile or on peduncles 1-6 lin. long, 3-1 in. in

diam., many-flowered; bracts 1-2 lin. long, lanceolate, acute,

pubescent; pedicels 1-2 lin. long; sepals 2-1 lin. long, ovate, acuce

or subobtuse, pubescent; corolla velvety-pubescent outside ; tube

1 lin. long, campanulate; lobes spreading, 21-32 lin. long, }-1; lin.

broad, oblong or lanceolate, obtuse or subacute ; corona-lobes

tripartite, middle segment 2-31 lin. long, tortuous, lateral segments

4_] lin. long, all subulate or filiform; anthers oblong, apiculate ;

follicles about 2 in. long, lanceolate, acuminate, very minutely

puberulous. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1895, 302, and 1896, 315.

R. scandens, N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 111.

Coast Recion: Komgha Div.; among shrubs along the Kei River, 1800 it.,

Flanagan, 118! :

Eastern Reoion: Natal; Tugela, Gerrard. 1312! near the Umkomapzi

River, 8000 ft., Schlechter, 6691 ! ;

Raphionacme. | ASCLEPIADEE (Brown). 535

I have examined a type specimen of C. Flanagani, but do not find the leaves

“‘ovate- or lanceolate-elliptic ” nor the corolla-lobes 2 lin. broad, as described by

Schlechter.

3. R. procumbens (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx., Beibl. 51, 11) ;

plant branchizg at the base; branches 1-1 ft. long, procumbent,

softly villous-pubescent ; jeaves somewhat rigidly eoriaceous when

dried ; petiole 1-4 lin. long; blade 1-21 in. long, 31~7 lin. broad,

narrowly oblong, oblong-lanceolate or elliptie-lanceolate, acute or

obtuse and apiculate, both sides covered with rather long soft spread-

ing hairs, but more densely beneath; eymes subglobose, about 2 in.

in diam., rather densely many-flowered, apparently pendent (always !),

on recurved or spreading peduncles 2-5 lin. long, shortly villous-

pubescent on all parts to the outside of the corolla ; bracts 1-12 lin.

Jong, subulate ; pedicels 11-11 lin. long, curved ; sepals 11-12 lin.

long, sometimes united into a short tube at the base, ovate-lanceo-

late, acuminate ; corolla-tube + lin. long; lobes about 12 lin. (2 lin.

ex Schlechter) long, ® lin. broad, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate,

obtuse, with slightly incurved margins, glabrous on the inner face ;

corona-lobes arising at the mouth of the corolla-tube, trifid, with the

middle tooth searcely 1 lin. long and 3-4 times as long as the lateral

teeth, but shorter than the anthers, which are connivent into an

acute cone } lin. long, with connate tips. Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1896, 315.

Katanart Region: Transvaal; stony places on the Elandspruit Mountains,

5300 ft., Schlechter, 3867!

Described from part of the type in Herb. Bolus. The pubescerce on the

leaves and flowers is like that of R. Galpinii, but the hairs on the stem are

much longer and the flowers smaller,

4, R. elata (N. E. Br.); stems 1-2 ft. high, usually simple,

erect, sometimes with a slight indication of twining at the terminal

part, minutely and softly puberulous; leaves petiolate; petiole

2-4 lin. long; blade 13-31 in. long, 1-2} in. broad, linear-lanceo-

late, lanceolate, oblong, obovate-oblong or elliptic, acute or obtuse

and apiculate, cuneate to rounded at the base, minutely puberulous

on both sides, paler beneath; eymes lateral at the nodes or sub-

axillary and terminal, subglobose, 3-1 in. in diam., subsessile or on

peduncles 1-6 lin. long, many-flowered; bracts 3-4 lin. long,

subulate, pubescent ; pedicels 14-2 lin. long, softly pubescent; sepals

2-25 lin. long, subulate, acute ; corolla velvety pubescent outside ;

tube about 12 lin. long, campanulate ; lobes 23-3 lin. long, 1} lin.

broad, oblong or somewhat ovate-oblong, obtuse, spreading, green,

purple at the base ; corona-lobes trifid, shortly transverse-rectangular

at the green base; middle segment 2-22 lin. long, filiform, white ;

lateral segments 2 lin. long, filiform or subulate ; anthers oblong,

apiculate ; pollen-carriers ] lin. long, with an ovate-lanceolate blade

and slender stalk of about equal length ; follicles solitary (always 4),

43-5 in. long, 1 in. thick, terete-fusiform, tapering into a beak,

smooth, puberulous. R. Galpinii, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx.,

Beibl. 51, 10, not of xviii. Beibl. 45, 14.

536 ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). [ Raphionacme,

Katanari Region: Transvanl; hills near Rustenburg and between there and

Pretoria, Miss Alice Pegler, 1054! near the Olifants River, 3000 ft,, Schlechter,

3768! (a specimen from Lydenburg, Wilms, 955, may belong here).

Eastern Reeion: Pondoland; near the mouth of St. Jolin’s River, Bolus,

8308! Griqualand East ; hills around Clydesdale, 4300 ft., Tyson, 1248 ! Natal ;

Verulam and Inanda, Wood, 849! and without precise locality, Gerrard §

McKen, 1801! Zululand ; Sebundini, Haygarth in Herb. Wood, 7567! Swazi-

land; near Bremersdorp, 2200 ft., Bolus, 12153! on a ridge between Bremers-

dorp and Miles, Burtt Davy, 2940!

Specimens’ collected near Fort Bowker in Transkei (Bowker, 377) are only

6-9 in. high, but must, I think, be referred to this species, which is readily

distinguished from R. Galpinii by its much larger stature and very minute

pubescence. ;

According to Miss Alice Pegler the flowers are cream-coloured.

5. R. Galpinii (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii., Beibl. 45, 14,

not elsewhere) ; tuber up to 6 in. in diam., depressed; stems 2-9 in.

high, puberulous, usually simple ; leaves 3-7 pairs to a stem, shortly

petiolate, 1-3 iv. long, 3-9 lin. broad, linear-lanceolate, narrowly

oblong, oblanceolate-oblong or narrowly obovate, acute, or obtuse and

apiculate, conspicuously and softly pubescent on both sides ; petioles

1i-3 lin. long; cymes very dense, subglobose, about % in. in

diam., subaxillary, or crowded together at the top of the stem,

many-flowered, sessile or pedunculate ; peduncles 2-6 lin. long,

pubescent ; bracts 2-3 lin. long, subulate, pubescent ; sepals 14-2}

lin. long, 1-3 Jin. broad, linear-subulate, pubescent; corolla pubes-

cent outside, bright green; tube campanulate, 1-1} lin. long ; lobes

13-22 lin. long, 8-11 lin. broad, oblong or elongate-ovate, obtuse,

ascending; corona-lobes arising at the mouth of the corolla-tube,

very shortly transverse-rectangular at the base, 3-fid, the middle

segment or tooth 14-2 lin. long, filiform, the lateral varying from

mere acute shoulder-teeth to filiform and 1-1 as long as the middle

segment, erect or more or less divergent, sometimes connate with

those of the adjacent lobes and forming 5 short bifid lobules

alternating with 5 long filiform teeth ; anthers ovate, acute. 2.

macrorrhiza, Schlechter th Engl. Jahrb. xx., Beibl. 51, 10, and in

Journ. Bot. 1896, 315.

KatanarRt ReGion: Transvaal, 40CO-6000 ft.; slopes of the Saddleback

Range near Barberton, Galpin, 613! near and around Johannesburg,

anon in Herb. Galpin, 6043! Rand, 711! 1123! near Pretoria, Leenderta,

Eastern ReGion: Natal; Groen Berg, Wood, 1032! Inanda and near

Verulam, Wood, 1060! Greenwich Farm, Riet Vici, Fry in Herb. Galpin,

2750! near Clairmont, 100 ft., Wood, 4925! Schlechter, 3084! near Krantz

A 9 1400 ft., Schlechter, 3213! and without precise locality, Sanderson,

I can find no specific distinction between R. Galpinii and R. macrorrhiza,

the side-teeth of the corona-lobes being variable. But it would appear that at

the time of publishing R. macrorrhiza Dr. Schlechter mistook R. elata for

R. Galpinii, since he quotes his 3768 as being the latter species on the same

page.

6. RB. Zeyheri (Harv. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. i. 1842, 23);

plant 2-5 in. high, branching from the woody neck of the tuber, very

Raphionacme. | ASCLEPIADER (Brown). 537

minutely puberulous on all parts to the outside of the corolla ;

leaves 1-]1 in. long, 1-4 lin. broad, linear or linear-lanceolate,

subacute, tapering at the base into a very short petiole ; cymes

small, axillary, 5-10-flowered; peduncles 1~1 lin. long; bracts

3-3 lin. long, subulate ; pedicels 4—% lin. long; sepals 2 lin. long,

} lin. broad, ovate or oblong-ovate, obtuse or subacute, puberulous ;

corolla from nearly glabrous to puberulous outside, apparently green ;

tube #-1 lin. long, campanulate ; lobes 12 lin. long, 2 lin. broad,

cblong, subobtuse ; corona-lobes arising at the mouth of the tube,

trifid, shortly transverse rectangular at the base; middle segment

13-2 lin. long, filiform, lateral segments 4 lin. long, subulate, or

reduced to minute obtuse teeth; anthers ovate, acuminate ; pollen-

carriers spathulate, with an elliptie or suborbicular blade. Schlechter

in Journ. Bot, 1896, 315.

Coast Reeton : Uitenhage Div.; near the Zwartkops River, Zeyher! near

Uitenhage, Prior! Albany Div. ; by the Fish River, Burke!

7. BR. Burkei (N. E. Br.); plant 3-7 in. high, branching from ~

the base; stems minutely pubescent; leaves spreading; petiole

1-1} lin. long ; blade 3-12 in. long, 1-6 lin. broad, linear or linear-

oblong, subacute, narrowed into the petiole at the base, longitudinally

folded in the dried state, glabrous above, minutely puberulous

beneath ; cymes lateral or subaxillary, sessile, many-flowered, about

4-5 lin. in diam.; bracts 4 lin. long, ovate, acute, pubescent ;

pedicels 1-1 lin. long, pubescent; sepals 2—3 lin. long, 3 lin, broad,

natrowly deltoid or lanceolate-attenuate, acute, pubescent; corolla

distinctly pubescent outside, green; tube 1-12 lin. long; lobes

1}-12 lin. long, oblong-ovate, obtuse, spreading; corona-lobes

arising at the mouth of the corolla-tube, tripartite; middle segment

equalling or longer than the lateral segments, 1—1 lin. long, filiform ;

lateral 1-1 lin. long, subulate ; anthers narrowly ovate, acuminate ;

follicles solitary (only 1 seen), erect, about 23 in. long and } in.

thick, terete-fusiform, scareely beaked, smooth, glabrous.

Katauari Recion: Bechuanaland ; near the sources of the Kuruman River,

Burchell, 2444! 2455/1! 2497! Transvaal; northern slopes of the Magalies

Berg, 6000-7000 ft., Zeyher, 1141! Burke, 64! Modderfontein, Conrath, 978!

near Rustenburg, 4000 ft., Miss Alice Pegler, 982! ,

This is closely allied to R. Zeyheri and has been so named by Dr. Schlechter,

but the very differently shaped sepals, shorter corona-lobes, longer (although

minute) pubescence and different geographical area well distinguish it. Bur-

chell’s specimens have narrower leaves and fewer and rather smaller flowers than

the typical Transvaal plant, but I can find no other difference.

8. R. velutina (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx., Beibl. 51, 12) ;

plant 3-5 in. high, with 1 or more ereet branching stems from the

woody neck of the tuber, conspicuously velvety-pubescent on the

stems, both sides of the leaves, and on the inflorescence, including

the outside of the corolla; leaves spreading or ascending; petiole

1-3 lin. long; blade 2-13 in. long, 23-4 lin. broad, more or less

583 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [Raphionacme.

folded lengthwise, narrowly oblong-linear or linear, obtuse or acute,

acutely tapering into the petiole at the base, grey-green (from the

pubescence) beneath, darker above; cymes sublateral at the nodes

and terminal, pedunculate, rather densely 10-25-flowered ; peduncles

2-4 lin. long; bracts subulate, 11-2 lin. long ; pedicels 1-14 lin.

long; sepals slightly exceeding the corolla-tube, 1-12 lin. long,

+ lin. broad, lanceolate, attenuate-acute; corolla-tube 1 lin. long,

campanulate ; lobes suberect, 13—2 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, oblong,

obtuse, glabrous on the inner face, green, not twisted in bud ; corona-

lobes arising at the mouth of the corolla-tube, trifid, very shortly

transverse-rectangular at the base ; segments filiform, the middle one

1-1} lin. long, the lateral 2 lin. long, ereetly spreading; anthers

ovate, acuminate, somewhat wavy at the margins; pollen-carriers

pale ochreous yellow, spathulate, with a lanceolate obtuse or slightly

bifid blade, revolute at the margins, and a rather slender stalk

% as long as the blade. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 315.

Katanart Re@ion; Transvaal; near Heidelberg, 4900 ft., Schlechter,

3509 ; near Irene, Conrath, 979!

I have not seen a type specimen of R. velutina, and the above description is

made entirely from Conrath’s 979, which is the only specimen I have seen that at

all corresponds with Schlechter’s description of R. velutina and has a really

“velvety” pubescence. In the British Museum, however, specimens of RB.

Burkei are named by Schlechter himself as being “‘ R. velutina,” whilst the same

plant in Herb. Conrath is named by him “R. Zeyheri,” Conrath’s 979 being

named “R. procwmbens.”” Upon comparison with the type of R. procumbens

(Schlechter, 3867) I find that to be a totally different plant, whilst the pubes-

cence on R. Burke is scarcely velvety and the leaves are glabrous above. Iam,

therefore, uncertain as to what plant 2. velutina is, but if I am right in identi-

fying Conrath’s specimen with it, the much longer and more evident pubescence,

which resembles that on R. Galpinii and is present on both sides of the leaves,

readily distinguishes it from its allies.

9. R. divaricata (Harv. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. i. 1842, 23) ;

a dwarf herb 23-8 in. high, much branched, pubescent with short

spreading hairs on the stems, under surface of the leaves, peduncle,

pedicels, calyx and outside of the corolla; leaves spreading or

ascending ; petiole }~3 lin. long; blade 3~12 in. long, 2-1 in. broad,

elliptic, orbicular or broadly obovate, acute ur obtuse and apiculate,

rounded or cureately narrowed at the base; cymes sublateral at the

nodes, or central in the forks of the stem, 5- to many-flowered ;

subsessile or on peduncles up to 1 in. long; bracts 2-12 lin. long,

subulate, acute ; pedicels 3-6 lin. long; sepals 1-2 lin. long, +—}

lin. broad, lanceolate-subulate, acute ; corolla very variable in size,

purple; tube 1-14 lin. long, campanulate; lobes 11-4 lin. long,

&_]1 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, spreading ; corona-lobes exceedingly

variable in size and form, varying even in the same flower, connivent

over the staminal column, white or purple-tinted, 2-2 lin. long,

1_] lin. broad, oblong-lanceolate, oblong-obovate, oblong-subspathu-

late, or lanceolate, gradually or abruptly contracted into a short or

long, simple or bifid filiform point, or simply bifid to about 3 the

way down, entire, cr the broad terminal part more or less denticulate

Raphionacme. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 539

on each side of the cusp, or distinctly trifid, or the whole apex

divided into an irregular fringe of teeth and filiform processes ;

anthers oblong, or slightly broader at the base, acute; pollen-carriers

about 2 lin. long, constricted at the middle, the small elliptic blade

being no broader than the ovate or oblong stalk ; follicles solitary,

1-21 in. long, 31-5 lin. thick, narrowly lanceolate or ovate-lanceo-

late, tapering to an acute point, smooth, puberulous ; seeds about

2 in. long, oblong, obtuse, flattened with a very prominent keel on

one face, glabrous. Walp. Rep. vi. 480; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb.

xviii, Beibl. 45, 2, and in Journ. Bot. 1896, 315; Rand in Journ.

Bot. 1903, 198. R. pubescens, Hochst. in Flora, 1844, 827; Walp.

Rep, vi. 480. BR. obovata, Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Mose, 1848, pt. ly

250; Walp. Ann. iii. 45; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb, xx., Beibl.

51, 12. <Apoxyanthera pubescens, Hochst. in Flora, 1843, 78.

Brachystelma ? hirsutum, E. Meyer, Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 197 ;

Dietr. Synop. Pl. ii. 888 ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 647.

Var. 8, glabra (N. E. Br.); plant glabrous in all parts or the stem more or

less puberulous. R. purpurea, Harv. Thes. Cap. i. 41, t. 66. Mafekingra

parquetiana, Baill. in Baill, Hist. des Pl. x. 303.

‘Sourm Arrica: without locality, Ecklon, 64 (ex Turczaninow) Pearson!

the type and var. 8, Zeyher, 1140! ;

Coast ReGIon: Alexandria Div.; Quagga Flats, Bowie! Albany Div. ;

Broekhuisons Poort, and in sandy rocky places near Grahamstown, 2000 ft.,

MacOwan, 707! Hutton! Miss Daly, 57! Bathurst Div. ; between Kasuga

River and Port Alfred, Burchell, 3968! Komgha Div.; grassy hills. near

Komgha, 1900 ft., Flanagan, 394 ex Schlechter ; Queenstown Div. ; Queens-

town Flats, Mrs. Barber, 89! near the Zwart Kei River, Cooper, 319! British

Kaffraria, Cooper, 2708 !

Katanart Region: Orange River Colony; Harrismith, Sankey, 19!

Bethlehem, Richardson! ‘lransvaal; Magalies Berg, Burke! Zeyher ! Pilgrims

Rest, Greenstock ! Matebe Valley, Holub! Christiana on the Vaal River,

Nelson, 202! Zuikerbosch Rand (and also var. B), Schlechter, 3499! Var. B:

Transvaal ; various localities, Burke! Zeyher! Wilms, 962a! Bolus, 8309!

MacLea in Herb. Bolus, 88310! Conrath, 977! Schlechter, 6385! Olive Nation,

232! 2741 Leendertz, 406! Burtt Davy, 731! 752! 1060! 1229! 1529! 2314!

Rand, 861! 1280! Rogers, 240! 300! 801!

Eastern Recron:' Transkei; near Kentani, Miss Alice Pegler, 876!

Tembuland; near Bazeia, Bawr, 382 bis partly! Griqualand East, near Kokstad,

Tyson! Natal; Weenen County, 3000-5000 ft., Sutherland / hills near Pieter

Maritzburg, Krauss, 106b ex Hochstetter; Inanda, Wood, 368! 527! Port

Natal, Miss Owen! Dargle Farm, Mrs. Fannin, 38! Var. 8: Transkei ; Kreilis

Country, Bowker! Tsomo, Bowker, 775! and without precise locality, Hallack !

Tembuland ; on hill-sides, &c., near Bazeia, Baur, 382 ! 382 bis partly ! Griqua-

laud East; mountain slopes around Kokstad, Tyson, 1851! Natal; various

localities, 500-3000 ft., Sutherland! Sanderson, 84! Gerrard, 1808! Wilms

(glabrous and pubescent), 2010!

This is the most widely distributed of the South African species, and is very

variable. Sometimes it is nearly leafless at the time of flowering, and some

specimens (Cooper, 319, and Mrs. Barber, 89) in this state are reduced, probubly

from starvation, to a small cushion-like mass of flowers about 1-1; high. The

corona-lobes are exceedingly variable, the same flower often having 2 or more

variations. E. Meyer has stated that the flowers of Brachystelma hirsutum are

unknown, but I find some withered flowers on his type, which upon dissection

prove it to belong to this species. Mr. Burtt Davy informs me that the tuber

attains a diameter of 15 inches.

540 _ ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [Vacazzea.

V. TACAZZEA, Deene.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla 5-lobed almost to the base, rotate; —

lobes overlapping to the left and slightly twisted. Corona-lobes 9,

arising from the corolla at or near the base of the staminal filaments

and usually shortly adnate to them, alternating with the corolla-

lobes, filiform, and simple, or linear and divided above into 2 or 3

filiform segments. Stamens inserted at or near the base of the

corolla; filaments free above and united at their base into a ring

with 5 minute, subquadrate, emarginate or bifid, alternating lobules,

or entirely free ; anthers attached at their base to the dilated part

of the style, connivent in a cone, cohering at their tips, glabrous.

Pollen granular; pollen-carrier more or less spathulate. Style

shortly conical at the apex, shorter than the anthers. ollicles

divergent. Seeds crowned with a tuft of hairs.

Twining or erect shrubs, with milky juice; leaves opposite or whorled ;

stipules usually represented by a transverse line (often with fleshy glands along

it) connecting the petioles; flowers small, in axillary, paniculate, or corymbose

cymes, often from both axils.

Distris, Species about 15,2 in South Africa, the others in Tropical Africa.

The genus Tacazzea is very closely related to Raphionacme and difficult to

distinguish technically ; the chief points of difference are, that in Tacazzea the

cymes are truly axillary and frequently produced from both axils, the united

part of the corolla does not form a distinct campanuiate tube, and most species

have 5 minute lobules alternating with and united to the base of the stamens ;

the leaves also, of most but not all of the species, have small (fleshy ?) processes

scattered along their midribs. . ;

Leaves tomentose beneath ; corolla-lobes 2} lin. long (1) Kirkii.

Leaves glabrous on both sides; corolla-lobes 4-5 lin.

long... iss ies ass a ie ... (2) natalensis.

1. T. Kirkii (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 248); stem

twining, more or less tomentose ; leaves distant, spreading ; petiole

2-]1 in. long; blade 14-4 in. long, 1-23 in. broad, varying from

oblong to elliptic, obtuse, apiculate, or rarely acute, cordate or

obtusely rounded at the base, subcoriaceous, glabrous above, whitish

or greyish-tomentose beneath; panicles 2—4 in. long, more or less

pubescent or subtomentose, or the branches subglabrate; braets

1-12 lin. long, broadly ovate, acute, often with a few hairs down

the back, ciliate; pedicels 14-4 lin. long, glabrous or nearly so;

sepals 1 lin. long, broadly ovate, obtuse or acute, more or less hairy

on the back; corolla glabrous; lobes 21 lin. long, oblong, obtuse ;

corona-lobes 4 lin. long, filiform, sometimes bifid at the apex, erect,

tortuous in the upper part, adnate at the base to the lower half of

the staminal filaments, which are united with the alternating,

shortly bifid lobules into a ring ; follicles 13-2 in. long, 33-4} lin.

thick at the base, gradually tapering to a point, slightly reflexed,

tomentose or softly pubescent. WV. H. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr.

iv. i. 268. 1. Welwitschii, Schlechter in Journ. Bot, 1896, 314,

not of Baill. Leptopxtia, Harv. Gen. South Afr. Pl. ed. 2, 231.

Tacazzea. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 541

Eastern Recion: Natal or Zululand; without precise locality, Gerrard,

1796 !

Also in Tropical Africa.

2. T. natalensis (N. E. Br.); rootstock tuberous, 2 ft. in diam.

(Miss Pegler), just appearing above the ground; stem moderately

stout, twining to great heights, glabrous ; bark reddish-brown ;

leaves petiolate, spreading, glabrous; petiole }—-{ in. long; blade

31-5 in. long, 13-2} in. broad, oblong, with nearly parallel sides,

very abruptly cuspidate, the point 4-5 lin. long, acute, broadly

rounded and shortly cordate at the base, with small overlapping

lobes; midrib very stout, without glands along its upper side ;

veins numerous, horizontally spreading ; cymes lateral, 5-9-flowered,

1-11 in. in diam., glabrous in all parts; peduncle 1—} in. long;

pedicels 2-4 lin. long; sepals 1 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute ;

corolla rotate, 5-lobed nearly to the base, $ in. in diam., light green ;

lobes 4—5 lin. long, 13 lin. broad, very spreading, lanceolate, acute,

somewhat twisted and curved; corona-lobes inserted midway

between the base of the stamens and the sinuses between the corolla-

lobes, 4 lin. long, filiform, erect, flexuose ; stamens connivent over

the style; filaments 3 lin. long, filiform, free, not connected into a

ring at the base; anthers 1 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, subtruncate

or slightly emarginate at the base, glabrous; pollen-carriers oblong,

obtuse, channelled down the middle; apex of the style 5-angled,

obtusely conical, much shorter than the anthers ; follicles about

31 in. long, 3 in. thick, widely diverging, fusiform-lanceolate,

tapering to a blunt ‘point, glabrous, rigidly coriaceous _or almost

woody. Pentopetia natalensis, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1894,

257, and 1896, 315.

Eastern RxEGion: Transkei; near Kentani, 1000 ft., Miss Alice Pegler,

916! Natal; in a forest near the Umbogintwini River, Umlazi native location,

Wood, 3634! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 780!

This plant was raised at Kew from seeds taken from Gerrard’s specimen, and

flowered in March, 1867. I cannot distinguish Pentopetia by any technical

characters from Tacazzea.

VI. CHLOROCODON, Hook. f.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla subrotate, 5-lobed nearly to the base;

lobes overlapping to the left in bud. Corona of 5 lobes arising

from the base of the staminal filaments, free, very broadly obcordate

or obreniform, with or without an erect or incurved dorsal process.

Stamens arising from the base of the corolla ; filaments very short

and broad; anthers large, triangular, adnate to the dilated part of

the style, connivent in a cone, connate at the tips. Pollen granular.

Style shortly conical at the apex, not exceeding the anthers.

Tall climbers; leaves large, opposite, cordate ; stipules well developed, toothed

or frill-like ; flowers of moderate size, in paniculate cymes.

Distris. A genus of two species, both Tropical African, of which only one

occurs in South Africa,

542 ASCLEPIADEH (Brown). | Chlorocodon.

1. C. Whyteii (Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 5898) ; stem climbing,

minutely pubescent ; leaves petiolate, stipulate ; petiole 1-2} in.

long, puberulous ; blade 4-7 in. long, 3-5 in. broad, ovate or elliptic,

shortly cuspidate, broadly rounded or cordate at the base, glabrous

or minutely pubescent on both sides, or softly pubescent beneath ;

upper surface of midrib with a few deciduous membranous scales ;

stipules forming a reflexed toothed frill connecting the bases of the

petioles; panicles 23-6 in. long, minutely puberulous ; bracts 2-3

lin. long, oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate ; pedicels 6-9 lin.

long; sepals 2-2} lin. long, 1-12 lin. broad, ovate, acute, glabrous or

puberulous ; corolla 5-lobed nearly to the base, subrotate ; lobes

5-6 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, ovate or ovate-oblong, subobtuse, glabrous,

very minutely ciliate along one margin, purple, with the margins and

a short central stripe at the base green ; corona-lobes very broad,

obcordate, white, fleshy, 1 lin. long, 13~2 lin. broad, with a subu-

late, spreading, purple dorsal process 2-21 lin. long, acute or bifid

at the apex; follicles 3-4 in. long, 14-14 in. thick, ovoid-lanceo-

late, obtuse, widely divergent. N. E. Br. in Dyer Fl. Trop. Afr. iv.

i. 255; Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 217, f. 64, O-Q; Gard.

Chron. 1895, xviii. 234 and 243, fig. 48; Wood § Evans, Natal

Pl. i. 27, t. 8315 Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 314; Hiern, Cat.

Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 680. Periploca latifolia, K. Schum. in Engl.

Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. C. 321, and in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 232.

Eastern Recion: Natal; Wentworth, near Durban, Wood! Karkloof

Forest, and Inanda, near Mr. Groom’s Farm, ex Wood, and various cultivated

specimens! Zululand; Ungoya Forest, ex Wood.

Also in Tropical Africa.

This plant is known by the native name of “ Mundi” or Umondi” and is

used asa tonic. In the Botanical Magazine the flowers are represented as being

of a pale greenish-white, but in the type specimen from which that drawing

was made, and in every other that I have seen, the flowers are coloured as above

described. Messrs. Wood & Evans, however, describe a form with “dull

greenish-white flowers.” In the Gardeners’ Chronicle the dorsal processes of

the corona-lobes are inaccurately represented as incumbent on the backs of

= anthers, instead of spreading, which is their natural position in the open

ower.

VII. SECAMONE, R. Br.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla small, rotate or campanulate, 5-lobed to

the middle or beyond ; lobes variably overlapping in bud, with fleshy

submarginal ridges and often a central one on their basal half, which

are decurrent on the tube within. Corona of 5 small or minute

simple lobes arising from and more or less adnate to the staminal

column, variable, but often laterally compressed. Stamens arising

from the bottom of the corolla, united with the dilated part of the

style but scarcely connate with each other, or only at the very

base ; anthers minute, erect or connivent around the dilated part of

the style, terminated by fimbriate membranous appendages, which

are sometimes connate. Pollen-masses 20 (10 in all other genera

Secamone. | ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). 543

except Toxocarpus and the Periplocee), exceedingly minute, globose

or oblong, attached in fours to the rather soft pale-coloured pollen-

carriers ; caudicles none or flap-like. Style usually produced beyond

the dilated part and often exserted beyond the anthers; apical part

terete or clavate, obtuse, broadly truncate, bilobulate or bifid.

Follicles acuminate, smooth. Seeds crowned with a tuft of hairs.

Climbing shrubs ; leaves opposite, often pellucid-dotted, from the presence of

crystals of lime in some of their cells; flowers small, usually in 3- to many-

(rarely 2-) flowered cymes, very rarely solitary ; cymes axillary and terminal.

Distris, Species many, widely spread through the hotter regions of the Old

World.

The pollen masses of this genus are exceedingly minute and their true

structure is somewhat difficult to determine, and so far as I am aware, there is

not a single published figure of them that is correct.

Leaves 1-1 in, broad (see also 5, S. delagoensis), lan-

ceolate, ovate-lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, oblong

or elliptic :

Corolla-lobes glabrous on the inner face; style-

apex exserted much beyond the anther-tips :

Corolla-lobes 2% lin. long; style-apex 2-

lobed ee id we iss ... (1) Gerrardi.

Corolla lobes 1 lin. long; style-apex entire ‘

or minutely bifid... . (2) zambesiaca, var.

Corolla-lobes white-pubescent on the inner face ;

style-apex equalling or shortly exceeding the

anther-tips, entire wed bia ii “

Leaves less than } in. broad, linear or linear-lanceo-

late; corolla-lobes glabrous on the inner face :

Corolla-lobes longer than the flattened or saucer-

shaped united part; style-apex cushion-like,

just exceeding the anther-tips ... Se ... (4) frutescens.

Corolla-lobes not longer than the distinctly

campanulate tube: style-apex tapering, exserted i

much beyond the anther-tips ... bes ... (5) delagoensis.

(3) Alpini.

1. S. Gerrardi (Harv. ex Benth, & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 746,

name only) ; a woody climber, with a greyish bark ; leaves spreading,

subcoriaceous, glabrous; petiole 1-3 lin. long ; blade 1-2 in. long,

5-10 lin. broad, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, apiculate, or

shortly cuspidate-apiculate, cuneate or rounded at the base ; cymes

subaxillary, or terminating short axillary shoots, 3-6-flowered, lax,

glabrous ; peduncle 1-1 in. long; bracts }—% lin. long, ovate, obtuse

or subacute, minutely ciliate ; pedicels 5-10 lin. long, rather slender ;

sepals 1-12 lin. long, $12 lin. broad, broadly ovate or orbicular,

obtuse, minutely ciliate; corolla about 3 in. in diam.; tube 1-13 lin.

long, 2 lin. in diam., broadly campanulate, with a looped ring of

deflexed hairs in the throat, otherwise glabrous; lobes spreading,

21 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, somewhat twisted,

glabrous on both sides; corona-lobes 1} lin. long, adnate to the

staminal column for rather more than half their length, fleshy,

flattened on the inner face, very convex on the back, obtuse, shortly

exserted from the corolla-tube ; staminal column 1} lin, long; style

exserted 1-11 lin. beyond the crenulate ring formed by the united

544 ASCLEPIADEX (Brown). [ Secamone.

anther-appendages, simply divided into 2 linear-lanceolate lobes, or

dilated into a 2-lobed head at the apex, with the lobes flattened

and elliptic-oblong or short, thick and conical, acute or obtuse.

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1895, 353, and 1897, 290, and in Engl.

Jahrb. xviii., Beibl. 45, 2.

Coast Reeion: Komgha Div. ; woods near the mouth of the Kei River

and in woods near Komgha, 2000 ft., Flanagan, 376 (ex Schlechter); among

shrubs near the Kei River, 2000 ft., Schlechter, 6249 !

EastERN Reecion: Tembuland; near Clarkbury, Hallack! Natal; near

Durban, climbing over the tops of the trees, Gerrard S° McKen, 86! 513 !

Gerrard, 20! Wood, 4497! and in Natal Herb. 365! McKen, 710! Inanda,

Wood, 175! 622!

The anther-appendages in this species are produced downwards into large

quadrate flaps that cover up the anther-cells and partly hide the pollen-

carriers.

2. §. zambesiaca (Schlechter), var. parvifolia (N. E. Br.);

shrubby or twining ; branchlets glabrous or nearly so; leaves thin ;

petiole 1-12 lin. long; blade 2-14 in. long, 1-} in. broad, narrowly

lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, rounded or sub-

cuneate at the base, glabrous; cymes axillary and terminal, {-} in.

in diam., 3—5-flowered, with very short ascending branchlets;

peduncles 3-3 lin. long, glabrous; bracts 4-1 lin. long, ovate or

ovate-lanceolate, acute or subobtuse, minutely ciliate; pedicels

1-2 lin. long, glabrous; sepals 2 lin. long, elliptic or broadly ovate,

obtuse to subacute, minutely ciliate ; corolla about 2 lin. in diam.,

quite glabrous; tube 1-1 lin. long; lobes 1 lin. long, oblong,

obtuse; corona-lobes minute, subulate, nearly reaching to the top

of the staminal column ; style-apex exserted 1-1 lin. beyond the

anther-tips, cylindric, entire or minutely bifid, obtuse or acute ;

follicles 21-3 in. long, 14-2 lin. thick, narrowly fusiform, tapering

into a long slender beak, smooth, glabrous; seeds 3 in. long, scarcely

1 lin, broad, linear-lanceolate, truncate at the coma-end, smooth,

glabrous, dark brown.

Katanart Reeion: Transvaal; Strydpoort, Makapans Berg, Rehmann,

5410! Waterval River, near Lydenburg, Wilms, 930!

Eastern Reeton: Delagoa Bay; Lourengo Marques, 100 ft., Schlechter,

11669!

This only differs from typical S. zambesiaca (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1895,

308, and N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 285) by its more glabrous

stems, peduncles and pedicels, smaller leaves with shorter petioles, and shorter

peduncles ; in all other characters the two are identical.

3. 8. Alpini (Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 125, excl. syn. Secamone,

Alpin. AXgypt. ed. 1640, 133 and 134 with fig.); a scrambling

shrub; stem woody, glabrous or with a rust-coloured deciduous

pubescence on the very young parts; leaves subcoriaceous ; petiole

1-4 lin. long; blade 1~22 in. long, 1-1 in. broad, oblong, elliptic or

lanceolate, usually obtuse, apiculate, occasionally acute, cuneately

rounded or acute at the base, glabrous on both sides in the

adult, stage, rusty-puberulous when very young; cymes paniculate,

Secamone. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 545

pyramidal or corymbose, terminal or axillary, rusty-puberulous or

subglabrous on all parts exeept the corolla; peduncles 1—% in. long ;

bracts > lin. long, ovate, acute ; pedicels 11-21 lin. long; sepals

z lin. long, ovate, obtuse or subacute; corolla 13-2 lin. in diam.,

glabrous outside, pubescent with white hairs inside; tube scarcely

z lin. long ; lobes spreading, 2—% lin. long, } lin. broad, oblong-ovate,

subacute or minutely and obliquely emarginate at the apex; corona-

lobes 4} lin. long, subulate, erect or ineurved over the tips of the

anthers ; apex of the style about equalling or slightly exceeding the

anther-tips, stout, truncate; follicles widely divergent or slightly

reflexed, 3-4 in. long, about 1} lin. thick, terete, tapering to a

rather long point, glabrous ; seeds } in. long, % lin. broad, linear-

lanceolate, channelled down the face, very convex on the back,

blackish-brown, glabrous, erowned with a tuft of long white hairs.

Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 837 ; Dietr. Synop. Pl. ii. 884; N. FE. Br. in

Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 279. 8S. Thunbergii, H. Meyer, Comm.

Pl. Afr. Austr, 224; Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 1, 221; Deene in

DC. Prodr, viii. 501; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45,

2 and 15, xx. Beibl. 51, 12, and xxi. Beibl. 54, 1; Journ. Bot.

1897, 290, and in Ann. Nat. Hist, Hofmus. Wien, xviii. 398; K.

Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 263. 8. xgyptica, G.

Don, Gen. Syst.iv. 160, not of Ait. Periploca Secamone, Linn. Mant.

li, 216, excluding both synonyms; Thunb. Prodr. Pl. Cap. 47;

Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 153, and ed, Schultes, 238; Poir. Eneycl. Meth.

v. 189; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1249 ; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 301.

Sovurn Arnica: without locality, Herb. Linneus ! Masson!

Coast Reeion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Gift Berg, 1500-2000 ft., Drége! Paarl

Div; Paarl Mountains, Drége! Prior (Alexander)! Tulbagh Div. ; Tulbagh

Waterfall, Ecklon J¢ Zeyher ! Mitchells Pass, 800 ft., Bolus, 5203! Worcester

Div.; Hex River Mountains, Rehmann, 2702! Cape Div.; Table Mountain,

Harvey! near Cape Town? Burchell, 8406! George Div.; Outeniqua woods,

Thunberg! Montagu Pass, Rehmann, 285! Knysna Div.; in the forest at

Knysna, Burchell, 5896! Plettenberg Bay, Bowie! near Loeri River, Penther,

1926 (ex Schlechter). Uitenhage Div.; Van Stadens Berg, Zeyher, 603 | near

Uitenhage, Burchell, 4237! Prior! Port Elizabeth Div. ; on sand-hill along the

coast, H. 8. C. 4. Herb.,197! Albany Div.; in woods near Grahamstown,

2000 ft., MacOwan, 293! Zeyher, 603! Galpin, 354 (ex Schlechter), Schénland,

648! Glenfilling, Drége, 3474! Komgha Div. ; in woods near Komgha, 2000 ft.,

Flanagan, 377 (ex Schlechter). Bathurst Div.; near Barville Park, Burchell,

4136! Stockenstrom Div.; Wellsdale Mountain, Scully, 337! Queenstown

Div.; Finchams Nek, 8900 ft., Galpin, 1891!

CeyTrat REGION: Somerset Div. ; on the Bosch Berg, Burchell, 3131!

KaLaHaRI- RE@IoN: Transyaal; near Botsabelo, 4900 ft., Schlechter (ex

Schlechter) ; Rietfontein, Zoutpansberg Range, Leendertz, 875!

Eastern Reaion: Transkei; near Kentani, diss Alice Pegler, 662 ! Natal;

near Durban, Wood, 138! 1415! Wilns, 2230! Peddie! Shepstone, 100 it.,

Rogers, 599! Inanda, Wood, 1415!

Also in Tropical Africa,

The plant figured and described by Alpino has been erroneously referred to

this species by Schultes, and has been misunderstood by all authors, Alpino’s

figure is undoubtedly a representation of Leptadenia heterophylla, Decne, a

well-known inhabitant of Upper Egypt and the Nile Region, whilst the descrip-

tion of 8. Alpini given by Schultes, so unmistakably refers to this South African

VOL. IV.—SECT. I.—-PART IV. : Nn

546 ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). [Secamone.

plant, that it evidently was made entirely from it. The var. retusa (E. Meyer,

l.c.), founded upon Drége, 3474, with obtuse or slightly retuse leaves, is a

common form not worth varietal distinction. The follicles distributed with Miss

Pegler’s 662 are much longer (5-6 in. long) and more slender (1 lin, thick)

than in any other specimen seen, but I find no difference in the flowers.

4. §. frutescens (Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 501); stems woody,

often twining ; leaves glabrous, rather thin ; petiole 3-12 lin. long;

blade 4-14 in. long, 2-2 lin. broad, linear, acute or obtuse, rounded

or cuneate at the base; cymes numerous, small, 3-5 lin. in diam.,

5-12-flowered, subsessile, or on peduncles rarely more than 1 lin.

long, glabrous in all parts; bracts minute, ovate ; pedicels 1-2 lin.

long, slender ; sepals about 3 lin. long and broad, suborbicular, very

obtuse, minutely ciliate ; corolla rotate, about 13 lin. in diam., quite

glabrous; lobes longer than the united part, about +} lin. long, oblong,

obtuse; corona-lobes not quite half as long as the staminal column,

erect from its base, wing-like, subquadrate, truncate at the apex ;

style-apex large, cushion-like, slightly exceeding the anthers;

follicles 14-12 in. long, about 11 lin. thick, terete, tapering into a

long slender beak. Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 2,

xx, Beibl. 51, 12, xxi, Beibl. 54, 1, and Journ. Bot. 1897, 290.

Astephanus frutescens, E. Meyer, Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 223; D.

Age Syn. Pl. ii. 909. A. fruticosus, Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2, 1.

153. :

Coast Recon: Uitenhage Div.; by the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 538!

3808! Drége, 2230! near Uitenhage, Prior! among shrubs near Van Stadens

River, Bolus, 2398! Bathurst Div. ; Trapps Valley, Miss Daly, 647! Alexandria

Div. ; on the Zuurberg Range, near the Bontjes River, 2000 ft., Drége ! Albany

Div. ; near Grahamstown, Galpin, 2924! Fort Beaufort Div.; margins of a

wood near the Kat River, 2500-3000 ft., Drége ! and without precise locality,

Cooper, 535! Hast London Div.; near East London, 100 ft., Wood in Herb.

Galpin, 3144! 3370! Komgha Div.; in woods near Komgha, 1800 ft., Flanagan,

18 (ex Schlechter). British Kaffraria, Cooper, 131!

CentRaL Reaion: Somerset Div.; on the Bosch Berg, near Somerset Hast,

Burchell, 3119! southern side of the Boseh Berg, Burchell, 3169! near

Somerset East, Bowker /

Kazawari Reeron: Transvaal ; mountains near T'sacoma, 3600 ft., Schlechter,

4540 (ex Schlechter).

EAstERN Recion: Transkei; Kentani District, Miss Alice Pegler, 845!

Natal; Inanda, Wood, 638! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 183!

Cooper, 1158! Delagoa Bay region ; Macocololo, 100 ft., Schlechter, 12059 !

5. 8. delagoensis (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 35, fig. 3);

stem climbing, mueh branched, glabrous; leaves thinly coriaceous,

glabrous ; petiole 1-2 lin. long; blade 2-11 in. long, 3-23 lin.

(13-4 lin. ex Schlechter) broad, linear, linear-laneeolate or linear-

oblong, obtuse or acute at the apex, cuneate or rounded at the base ;

flowers usually in 2-flowered cymes, occasionally solitary, sub-

axillary or terminal; peduncle 0-2 lin. long, glabrous; bracts

minute ; pedicels 11-2: lin. long, glabrous; sepals about } lin. long

and broad, suborbicular, very obtuse, glabrous ; corolla campanulate,

quite glabrous, apparently white or yellowish ; tube rather more

Secamone. | ASCLEPIADER (Brown). 547

than } lin. long, faintly narrowed upwards; lobes suberect, 2—% lin.

long, oblong, obtuse, alternating with minute pocket-like flaps at the

sinuses ; corona-lobes fieshy, ovate, subacute, entirely adnate to the

basal half of the 2 lin. long staminal column ; anther-appendages

erect, connate into a ring around the base of the beak-like style-

apex, which is exserted 1 lin. beyond them.

EasteRN ReGion: Delagoa Bay; Lourengo Marques, 150 ft., Schlechter,

11625 (not 1125 as quoted under the original description) !

VIII, ASTEPHANUS, R. Br.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla campanulate or suburceolate, 5-lobed,

with 5 hairy patches inside the tube; lobes erect or spreading, over-

lapping in bud. Cvrona none. Staminal column arising near the

base of the corolla-tube; anthers erect, with erect membranous

appendages. Pollen-masses solitary in each cell, minute, oblong,

not larger than the pollen-carrier, to which they are attached by

short caudicles. Style produced at the apex into a beak, much

exceeding the anther-appendages. Follicle solitary (always 1), terete-

fusiform, tapering into a beak. Seeds crowned with a tuft of hairs.

Slender twiners; leaves small, opposite, more or less coriaceous ; flowers small,

in small, subaxillary umbels.

Distrts. A small genus; 3 species in South Africa, the rest in tropical and

subtropical America.

Corolla-tube 12-2} lin. long, longer than the lobes ... (1) marginatus.

Corolla-tnbe 14 lin. long, as long as the lobes ... (2) triflorus.

Corolla-tube scarcely 1 lin. long, shorter than the

lobes acs ee oy 6 ve . (8) neglectus,

1. A. marginatus (Decne in DC. Prodr. viii, 508) ; stem slender,

twining, branched, glabrous except at the tips of the branches;

leaves spreading, glabrous, coriaceous; petiole 1)-3) lin. long ;

blade 1—11 in. long, 11—72 lin. broad, varying from linear-lanceolate

to elliptic, acute or obtuse, apiculate, thickened or slightly revolute

at the margins ; umbels subaxillary, 2—9-flowered ; peduncle {—} in.

long, slender, with a pubescent line down one side ; bracts minute,

subulate ; pedicels 11-21 lin. long, pubescent down the inner side ;

sepals erect, 11 lin. long, } lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, glabrous ;

corolla tubular-campanulate, glabrous outside ; tube 1{—2+ lin, long,

5-angled, with 5 small hairy patches at the base inside ; lobes

1-12 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, slightly spreading,

with a minutely velvety surface inside, but without a pubescence ;

staminal column 1-12 lin. long; filament part rather shorter than

the anthers, stout, cylindric; apex of the style rather stout, beak-

like, produced 12-14 lin. beyond the anther-tips and reaching to

about the middle of the lobes; follicle solitary, 2-2} in. long,

3-4 lin. thick, fusiform-lanceolate, _ from about the middle

548 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Astephanus.

into a long beak, glabrous. Harv. Thes. Cap. i. 57,t.91 ; Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1896, 418. A. Zeyheri, Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Mose.

1852, xxv. pt. 2, 314; Schlechter, l.c., 418.

Coast Region: Knysna Div.; on sand-hills near the west end of Groene

Vallei, Burchell, 5662! Uitenhage Div.; near the mouth of the Coega River,

Zeyher, 3406! Albany Div.; without precise locality, Atherstone, 10! Cooper,

2721 ter. ! King Williamstown Div.; Keiskamma, Mrs. Hutton! Bathurst Div, ;

Kowie sand-hills, in the hush, MacOwan, 405! Port Alfred, Mrs. White, 74!

CEentTrRAL ReGion: Somerset Div.; near Somerset Hast ? Bowker !

2. A. triflorus (R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soe. i. 54); stem slender,

twining, minutely pubescent on the young parts, becoming glabrous ;

leaves spreading, subcoriaceous, not very thick ; petiole about 1} lin.

long; blade 4-8 lin. long, 1-2 lin. broad, linear-lanceolate or linear-

oblong, acute, rounded and often broadened or obscurely subhastate at

the base, more or less revolute along the margins ; umbels subaxillary,

2-5-flowered ; peduncle 1-6 lin. long, slender, minutely puberulous ;

bracts minute, subulate ; pedicels 13-2 lin. long, minutely puberulous;

sepals erect, about 1 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, thinly

puberulous ; corolla campanulate, glabrous on. both sides, with the ex-

ception of 5 small hairy patches near the base of the tube inside; tube

12 lin, long, 5-angled ; lobes 11 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, oblong, slightly

oblique at the obtuse apex, spreading ; staminal column % lin. long,

filament part very short ; apex of the style beak-like, produced about >

lin, beyond the anther-tips. Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 122; Spreng. Syst.

Veg. i. 855; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 158; Dietr. Synop. Pl. iu. 909 ;

Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 508; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896,

418. A. pauciflorus, HE. Meyer, Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. 224 ; Dietr.

Synop. Pl. ii. 909; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 508; Schlechter in

Engl. Jahrb. xxi, Beibl. 54,2; in Journ. Bot. 1895, 353, and 1896,

418. Apoeynum triflorum, Linn. f. Suppl. 169 ; Thunb. Prodr. Fl.

Cap.i. 47, in Nov. Act. Acad. Petrop. xiv. (1805), 512, and Fi.

Cap. ed. 2, ii. 161, and ed. Schultes, 237; Lam. Encyel. Meth. 1.

215; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1261.

were Arrica: without locality, Oldenburgh, 393! Thwnberg ! Zeyher, .

Coast Reeion: Clanwilliam Div.; near Modderfontein, between Lange

Vallei and Kook Fontein, 400 ft., Drége, 6389! by the Olifants River, Schlechter,

and Penther, 826 (ex Schlechter). Stellenbosch and Paarl Div. ; between Stellen-

bosch and Paarl, Prior! and between Paarl Mountain and Paarde Berg, 500 ft.,

Drége (ex E. Meyer).

Western Reaion: Little Namaqualand; Van Rhyns Dorp Div., on the

Karee Bergen, 1500 ft., Schlechter, 8236!

8. A. neglectus (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii, Beibl. 45,

26); stem slender, twining, branching, minutely pubescent, becom-

ing glabrous; leaves thick, coriaceous, spreading; petiole about

1 lin. long; blade 1—1 in. long, usually 13-2 lin. broad, oblong,

occasionally 3-6 lin. broad and elliptie, obtuse at both ends, apicu-

late, thickened along the margin beneath, glabrous ; umbels sub-

axillary, 3-7-flowered; peduncle 1-2 lin. long, slender, slightly

Astephaius. | ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). 549

pubescent ; bracts minute, subulate ; pedicels 1-2 lin. long, more or

less pubescent ; sepals 1-11 lin. long, } lin. broad, lanceolate or

oblong-lanceolate, subacuminate, with a few scattered hairs on

the back; corolla campanulate, white outside, rosy-purple within

(Burchell), glabrous with the exception of the 5 hairy patches at

the base of the tube inside ; tube scarcely 1 lin. long; lobes spread-

ing or somewhat recurved, 14 lin. long, % lin. broad, oblong-lanceo-

late, minutely emarginate at the apex; staminal column $ lin. long,

filament part very short; apex of the style beak-like, produced

about 1 lin. beyond the anther-tips ; follicle terete-fusiform, beaked,

glabrous, not seen in a ripe condition, Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1896, 418.

South AFRICA: without locality, Nelson! Forbes, 342! Grey! Hooker,

417!

Coast REGION: Paarl Div.; road to Paarde Berg, Prior! Cape Div. ;

Camps Bay, Prior! Muisen Berg, Harvey / climbing among shrubs by the sea-

shore, near Simons Town, 20 ft., Bolus, 4934! and in MacOwan ¥ Bolus, Herb.

Norm. Austr.-Afr., 1081 | Schlechter, 12, 13, and 1080 ex Schlechter ; at the top of

Red Hill Road, Wolley Dod, 2650! Knysna Div.; on sand-hilis at Plettenberg

Bay, Burchell, 5807! Bredasdorp Div. ; Mier Kraal, 200 ft., Schlechter, 10510!

IX. MICROLOMA, R. Br.

Calyz 5-partite. Corolla urceolate or tubular, 5-lobed; tube

5-angled, often more or less inflated at the base, furnished inside

with 5 tufts of deflexed hairs opposite the lobes; lobes broad or

narrow, spirally arranged and more or less closing the mouth of

the tube. Corona 0 or of 5 small tubercles or fleshy scales at

the middle or near the apex of the corolla-tube, alternating with

the hairy tufts. Staminal column arising from the base of the

corolla, more or less contracted under the anthers ; anthers connivent,

terminated by erect membranous appendages, which are more or less

connate at the tips; anther-wings horny, produced at the middle

or at the base into triangular or spur-like projections. Pollen-masses

solitary in each cell, pendulous, long, linear, attached to the small,

rather narrow pollen-carrier, by short caudicles. Style with a conical,

minutely bifid apex, not produced beyond the anther-appendages.

Follicle solitary by abortion, fusiform, beaked. Seeds crowned with

a tuft of hairs,

Perennials with slender twining stems, or dwarf, much-branched shrublets ;

leaves small, opposite; flowers in small umbel-like cymes, subaxillary.

Distris. Species 10, endemic.

* Plants distinctly twining (see also M. incanum) ;

branches nearly or quite glabrous, except in M.

sagittatum :

Corolla-lobes not laterally compressed, sub-

orbieular, very obtuse ; leaves linear : :

Hairy tufts inside the corolla placed just :

below the mouth of the tube =... s.- (1) ‘tenuifolium.

550 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Mtcroloma.

Hairy tufts inside the corolla placed at about

the middle of the tube ie pat rs

Corolla-lobes laterally compressed, narrowly lan-

ceolate or deltoid-lanceolate, acute, more or less

gibbous behind at the base :

Sepals about as long as or longer than the

entire corolla :

Leaves obtusely subhastate at the sub-

truncate base ; corolla with broad

semicircular gibbosities upon the backs

of the lobes, very abruptly contracted

into their apiculus-like tips ... an

Leaves narrowed or rounded into the

petiole; corolla with slight gibbosities

at the very base of the lobes, gradually

tapering into their tips ae aes

Sepals shorter than the fully-developed

coolla; leaves linear-sagittate or linear-

hastate, with rounded basal auricles :

Pubescence very minute or none ; sepals

from 3 as long to as long as the

corolla-tube ... ... vi ... (5) glabratam.

Pubescence distinct ; sepals }-3 as long

as the corolla-tube in Bal

** Plants not twining (or but slightly so in M.

incanum); apparently much-branched shrubs or

shrublets; branchlets minutely puberulous or

densely and minutely white-tomentose :

Corolla-tube 4 in. long:

Branchlets erect or ascending-spreading ;

corolla-lobes 1$ lin. long ... _ Sie

Branchlets recurved-divaricate ; _corolla-

lobes $ lin. long... is ug ... (8) loogituba. ©

Corolla-tube 1-13 lin. long :

Corolla shortly conical-acute at the apex,

with connivent-erect lobes ... 463 ths

Corolla truncate at the apex, with abruptly-

inflexed gibbous-based lobes “a vis 410) Massonii,

(2) namaquense.

(3) gibbosum.

(4) calycinum.

(6) sagit.atum.

(7) incanum.

(9) Burchellii.

1. M. tenuifolium (K. Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

iv. ii. 222); rootstock a cluster of stout fleshy roots; stem slender,

twining, branching, subherbaceous, 3—% lin, thick, glabrous ; leaves

spreading or reflexed, glabrous ; petiole about 1 lin. long ; blade

1-28 in, long, 3-2 lin. broad, linear, with strongly revolute margins,

rarely flat, and then about 11 lin, broad, acute, narrowed into the

short petiole at the base, very rarely auricled; cymes subaxillary,

3-7-flowered ; peduncle 2-8 lin. long, glabrous or slightly pubescent ;

bracts 13-2 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, pubescent ; pedicels 2-3}

lin. long, thinly covered with a somewhat adpressed pubescence ;

sepals 21 lin. long, }—2 lin. broad, linear-lanceolate or oblong-lanceo-

late, acute, thinly pubescent or nearly glabrous; corolla urceolate,

somewhat fleshy, glabrous outside, bright carmine-red; tube 2} lin.

long, inflated at the base, contracted at the mouth, 5-angled, with

5 contiguous elongated tufts of deflexed fulvous hairs just below the

mouth inside ; lobes 1 lin. long and broad, orbicular-cordate, very

obtuse, hairy at the base of the inner half, much overlapping and

Microloma. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 551

forming a spiral rosette closing the mouth of the tube; corona-

tubercles small, obtuse, ascending, placed at the middle of the

corolla-tube, on a level with the base of the tufts of hairs; staminal

column 2 lin, long, 5-spurred at the middle; filament part stout,

conical; follicles solitary, 21-3 in. long, 3}—4 lin. thick, fusiform,

tapering into a rather long point, minutely bifid at the apex; seeds

2 lin. long, ovate, coneave on one face, very convex on the other,

tuberculate. M. lineare, R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 53; Sehultes,

Syst. Veg. vi. 121; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 855; E. Meyer, Comm.

232; Harv. Gen. 8. Afr. Pl. ed. 1, 228; Thes. Cap. 1. 58, t. 92;

G. Don, Gen, Syst. iv. 158; Dietr. Synop. Pl. ii. 909; Decne in

DC. Prodr, viii. 510; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 827. M. linearis,

O. Kuntze in Jahrb. Bot. Gart. Berl. iv. 268. M. tenuiflora,

O. Kuntze in Jahrb. Bot. Gart. Berl. iv. 268. M. tenutfolia,

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 418. Periploca tenuifolia, and

var. B, Linn, Sp. Pl. ed. i, 212; Thunb. in Nov. Act. Acad.

Petrop. xiv. (1805), 517. Ceropegia tenuifolia, Linn. Mant. ii.

215, 346; Thunb. Prodr. i. 37, Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 147, and ed.

Schultes, 231; Pers. Syn. i. 277; Linn. Syst. Veg. ed. 14, 255;

Lam. Encycl. i. 687, and Tubl. Encycl. ii. 825, t. 179, fig. 2. C.

tenuiflora, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1276. C. sinuata, Poir. Suppl.

Encycl. Meth. ii. 178; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 4; G. Don, Gen.

Syst. iv. 112.— Cynanchum radice glandulosa, §c., J. Burm. Rar. Afr.

Pl. Dec. 2, 36,t.15. Cynanchum linearibus foliis, &c., J. Burm.

lc. 37, t. 16, fig. 1. Apocynum frutescens, §c., Pluk. Almagest. Bot.

Mant. 17, t. 335, fig. 5.

Sour Arrica: without locality, Forster! Masson! Mund! Harvey, 538!

Forbes, 262!

Coast Region: Van Rhynsdorp Div.; Gift Berg, 1500-2500 ft., Drége!

Clanwilliam Div. ; Cederberg Range, near Ezels Bank, 2000-3000 ft., Drege

(ex E. Meyer). Tulbagh Div.; near Roodezand Kloof, Lichtenstein (ex

Schultes). Worcester Div.; without precise locality, Cooper, 1662! 1744!

Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountains, 500-1000 ft., Drege! Cape Div. ; on the Flats

and mountains around and south of Cape Town, Thunberg! Burchell, 140!

811! Pappe! Ecklon, 525! (Alewander) Prior! Wilms, 3481; Wolley Dod,

3283! Krauss (ex Krauss). Stellenbosch Div. ; Stellenbosch Flats, Lloyd in

Herb. Sanderson, 970! Caledon Div.; Zwart Berg, near Caledon, Galpin,

4326! Swellendam Div.; between Riet Kuil and Hemel-en-Aarde, Zeyher, 3407 |

Tradouw Mountains, Drége (ex E. Meyer). Riversdale Div.; near the Zoete-

melks River, Burchell, 6647! Uniondale Div.; Lange Kloof, Burchell, 5025!

Bunbury, 166! Humansdorp Div.; near the Kromme River, Burchell, 4836 !

Uitenhage Div.; various localities, Burchell, 4641! Zeyher! Cooper, 1477!

MacOwan, 1090! Drége (ex E. Meyer). Port Hlizabeth Div. ; about Baakens

River, Burchell, 4359 ! MacOwan, 1090! Lloyd, 369!

I do not find a double series of hairy patches within the corolla-tube of this

species as implied by Bolus in the Journal of the Linnean Society, xxv. 163, ina

note under M. namaquense, nor do they occur in any other species that I have

examined.

2. M. namaquense (Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. xxv. 163) ;

stem twining, very slender, glabrous; leaves rather distant, }-1} in.

long, including the very short petiole, }—3 lin. broad, linear, acute,

552 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). | Microloma.

minutely auriculate-hastate at the base, with strongly revolute

margins, coriaceous, glabrous; cymes subaxillary, 3-6-flowered,

very minutely puberulous; peduncle 2-3 lin, long; bracts 1 lin.

long, subulate ; pedicels 3-4 lin. long; sepals spreading or erect,

2 lin. long, rather more than 4 lin. broad, linear-lanceolate, acute,

very minutely puberulous ; corolla urceoiate, flame-coloured, glabrous

outside; tube 3 lin. long, 5-angled, inside with 5 tufts of deflexed

hairs at about the middle; lobes 11 lin. long, 12 lin. broad, sub-

orbieular-reniform, very obtuse, much overlapping and forming a

spiral rosette, nearly or quite closing the mouth of the tube, minutely

pubescent on the basal part inside ; corona-tubercles erect, obtuse,

placed rather below the level of the middle of the hairy patches ;

staminal column 2 lin. long, 5-spurred at the middle; filament

part stout, cylindric. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 418.

Western Reeion: Little Namaqualand; near Ookiep?, Morris in Herb.

Bolus, 5703! Spektakel Mountain, 3600 ft., Bolus in MacOwan §¥ Bolus, Herb.

Norm. Austr.-Afr., 639 !

3. M. gibbosum (N. E. Br.); stem twining, branched, }—} lin.

thick, very minutely puberulous on the youngest parts, soon becom-

ing glabrous, as do the spreading subcoriaceous leaves; petiole

1-11 lin. long; blade 5-10 lin. long, 1-31 lin. broad at the base,

linear-sagittate or narrowly oblong-sagittate, acute, with rounded

auricles at the subtruncate base ; cymes subaxillary, 4—6-flowered ;

peduncles 1-2 lin. long, thinly and very minutely puberulous, as are

also the 14-2 lin. long, linear-lanceolate bracts and 2-4 lin. long

pedicels ; sepals 31-43 lin. long, as long as or longer than the

corolla, 1 lin. broad at the base, lanceolate, acute or acuminate,

glabrous, reddish; corolla tubular, 5-angled, glabrous outside ;

tube 1 in. long, with 5 elongated hairy patches at the base within ;

lobes 2-8 lin. long, connivent-ereet, laterally compressed, dorsally

very abruptly and broadly gibbous on the basal part from the angles

of the tube being suddenly and semicircularly rounded into the

small apiculus-like apex of the lobe, which does not exceed the

gibbosity by more than + lin., puberulous and minutely ciliate on

the inner face; corona-tubercles small, ovate, acute, placed at the °

level of the middle of the hairy patches; staminal column 2 lin.

long, shortly spurred at the middle.

ote ona Recron: Calvinia Div.; Nieuwondtville, Leipoldt in Herb. Bolus,

This differs from all its nearest allies by the very abrupt manner in which the

angles of the corolla-tube are rounded into the minute tips of the lobes; in all

the others they more or less taper into the tips, which exceed the gibbosity by

Psat or more. The corolla may have been yellow or red with green tips to the

4. M. calycinum (E. Meyer, Comm. 223); a woody, much-

branched twiner ; branches }—3 lin. thick, glabrous ; leaves reflexed, —

_ subcoriaceous or fleshy? glabrous; petiole 1-2 lin. long; blade

Microloma. | ASCLEPIADES (Brown). 553

21-7 lin. long, +~14 lin. broad, linear, acute, cuneate or rounded

into the petiole at the base; cymes subaxillary, 8—9-flowered ;

peduncle 3—3 lin. long, glabrous; bracts 13 lin. long, subulate;

pedicels 13—4 lin. long, glabrous; sepals as long as the corolla or

longer, 5 lin. long, # lin. broad, linear, acute, glabrous, erect or more

or less spreading, red; corolla tubular, 5-angled, glabrous outside ;

tube 23-3 lin. long, rosy, furnished inside with 5 tufts of deflexed

hairs near the base; lobes spirally connivent-erect, 13 lin. long,

} lin. broad, narrowly lanceolate, laterally compressed with a slight

gibbosity at their very base which gradually tapers to their acute

tips, very minutely velvety inside, green, margined with red;

corona-tubercles minute, subhemispherical, placed at the level of

the top of the hairy patches; staminal column 13-2 lin. long,

shortly spurred a little below the middle. Harv. Gen. S. Afr.

Pl. ed. 1, 228; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 909 ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii.

511; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 2, and Journ. Bot.

1896, 418.

Var. 8, flavescens (E. Meyer, Comm. 223) ; sepals shorter than the corolla,

23-3 lin. long, yellowish,

WesTERN ReGion: Little Namaqualand; Kaus (Steinkof) Mountains, near

Goedemans Kraal, 2500-8000 ft., Drege, 3052b! stony places near Klip Fontein,

2500 ft., Bolus in MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 638! by the

Buffel River, Schlechter, 11261! Great Namaqualand; near Aus, Schinz, 30!

Var. 8B: Little Namaqualand ; Kamies Berg near Geelbeks Kraal, 3000-4000 ft.,

Drege, 3052 !

5. M. glabratum (E. Meyer, Comm. 222); stem branching,

twining, woody; branches 1-1 lin. thick, at first very minutely

puberulous, becoming glabrous; leaves subcoriaceous, very minutely

puberulous ; petiole 3-1 lin. long; blade 6-11 lin. long, 14-22 lin.

broad, linear-hastate, acute; cymes subaxillary, 3—5-flowered ;

peduncle 3-22 lin. long, puberulous ; bracts 1-12 lin. long, subulate ;

pedicels 13-3 lin. long; sepals 3-81 lin. long, $ lin. broad, narrowly

lanceolate, acuminate, erect, thinly puberulous; corolla tubular,

slightly enlarged below, 5-angled, glabrous outside, red; tube 32 lin.

long, inside with 5 tufts of yellowish, deflexed hairs below the

middle ; lobes spirally connivent-erect, 1 lin. long, 4 lin. broad at

the base, deltoid-lanceolate, laterally compressed, with gibbosities at

the base of their lobes which gradually taper to their acute tips,

pubescent inside, green; corona-tubercles small, obtuse, placed at

the level of the middle of the tufts of hairs; staminal column 2 lin.

long, 5-spurred at the middle; filament part subcylindric. Harv.

Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 1, 228; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 909; Decne in DC.

Prodr. viii. 511; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 2, and

Journ. Bot. 1896, 418.

CENTRAL REGION: Prince Albert Div.; near Klaarstroom on the Great

Zwart Bergen, 2000-3000 ft., Drége! Kendo (probably Kandos Mountain),

2500-3500 ft., Drége (ex E. Meyer).

_ Western Recron: Little Namaqualand; in a | places near Ookiep, Bolus

in MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 637

554 ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). [ Microloma.

6. M. sagittatum (R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 53); stem

twining, 2—% lin. thick, pubescent; leaves spreading, thinly pubes-

cent to almost tomentose; petiole 12 lin. long; blade 4-1; in.

long, 3-8 lin. broad, linear or linear-oblong, shortly sagittate or

hastate at the base, obtuse, more or less revolute at the margins ;

cymes subaxillary, 3-9-flowered ; peduncle 2-4 lin. long, pubescent ;

bracts 1 lin. long, linear-subulate, pubescent ; pedicels 11-2 lin. long,

pubescent ; sepals 13-3 lin. long, 2—{ lin. broad, lanceolate or

oblong-lanceolate, acute, erect, adpressed to the corolla, pubescent ;

corolla tubular, slightly inflated below, 5-angled, pink, glabrous or

puberulous along the angles only outside; tube 33-33 lin. long,

furnished inside below the middle with 5 tufts of deflexed hairs ;

lobes spirally connivent-erect, 1 lin. long, about 7 lin, broad at the

base, deltoid-lanceolate, laterally compressed, with a gibbosity at

their base which gradually tapers to their acute tips, pubescent

inside, green ; corona-tubercles small, obtuse, placed at the level of

the middle of the hairy patches; staminal column about 2 lin. long,

shortly 5-spurred at the middle; filament part stout, cylindric ;

follicles 2-28 in. long, 4-5 lin. thick, lanceolate, tapering into a long

beak, glabrous; seeds 21-3 lin. long, ovate, flattish, minutely

tuberculate, black. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 76; Schultes, Syst.

Veg. vi. 120; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i, 855; Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl.

ed. 1, 228; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 909; E. Meyer, Comm. 222; G.

Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 158; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 827; DC. Prodr.

viii, 510; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 2, and in

Journ. Bot. 1896, 417. M.hastatum and Periploca hastata, Decne in

DG. Prodr. viii. 4991. Ceropegia sagittata, Linn. Mant. ii. 215;

Syst. Veg. ed. 14, 255; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1276; Thunb. Prodr. i. 37 ;

Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 148, and ed. Schultes, 231; and in Nov. Act.

Acad. Petrop. xiv. 515; Lam. Encycl. i, 686, and Tabl. Encyel.

ii, 825, #. 179, f. 1; Jucg. Hort. Schoenbr. i. 17, ¢. 38; Aut.

Hort. Kew. ed. 1,i. 300; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 277. Eustegia hastata,

Sieber, ex Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 511, not of R. Br.

Sourn AFKIca: without locality, Sparrmann in Herb. Linneus ! Sieber, 142!

Pappe!

Coast Region: Clanwilliam Div. ; near Sand Berg in Lange Valley, 500 ft.,

Drége, 3054! near Clanwilliam, Mader, 199! by the Olifants River, Ecklon &

Zeyher! Piquetberg Div.; Pieterstontein, 500 ft., Drége, 3054b! Pickeniers

Kloof, Pentier, 827, and near Undersberg Valley, Penther, 822 (ex Schlechter).

Malmesbury Div. ; Groene Kloof, below 200 ft., Drége / Worcester Div.; Hex

River, Burke! Cape Div.; various localities on the Flats and sand dunes,

Thunberg! Prior (Alewander)! Zeyher, 1180! Burchell, 968! Krauss (ex

Krauss), Bolus, 2574! Pappe! MacOwan & Bolus, Herb, Norm. Austr.- Ajt-,

366! Wilms, 3480! Caledon Div.; without precise locality, Thom, 942! Rivers-

dale Div. ; between Great Vals River and Gauritz River, Burchell, 6513! Tyger

Fontein, 800 ft., Ga/pin, 4325 !

Western Reaion: Little Namaqualand; Kamies Bergen, near Geelbeks

Kraal, 2500-3000 ft., Drege («x E. Meyer). Kaus Mountains, between Karakuis

and Goedemans Kraul (near Steinkof), 2000-3000 ft., Drége (ex E. Meyer).

I have seen a specimen of this plant distributed by Drage as M. calycinum.

~ Microloma.| ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). 555

7. M. incanum (Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 511); stem shrubby,

branching ; branches ereet or ascending-spreading, occasionally twin-

ing, $14 lin. thick, whitish from a very dense tomentum of minute

hairs; leaves spreading, coriaceous, puberulous; petiole 1—2 lin.

long; blade 6-10 lin. long, }—14 lin. broad, linear, slightly hastate-

auriculate at the base, obtuse or acute, revolute at the margins; |

cymes subaxillary, subsessile, 3—6-flowered ; pedicels about 14 lin.

long, whitish-tomentose; sepals 2-21 lin. long, scarcely } lin. broad,

linear-lanceolate, acute, whitish-tomentose, erect, applied to the

corolla, sometimes recurved in the upper part; corolla tubular,

5-angled, minutely puberulous outside ; tube 3 lin. long, with 5

tufts of deflexed fulvous hairs near, the base inside ; lobes spirally

connivent-erect, 11—1% lin. long, + lin. broad, linear-lanceolate, acute,

channelled down the face, minutely ciliate on one margin, puberu-

lous inside, green, margined with red; corona-tubercles none ;

staminal column 12 lin. long, 5-spurred just below the middle ;

follicle solitary (always ?), 2-22 in. long, about 24 lin. thick, narrowly

fusiform, tapering to a long acute point and to an acute base,

glabrous; seeds 23—3 lin. long, 12 lin. broad, ovate, flattish or

plano-convex, minutely tubereulate on both sides. Schlechter in

Journ. Bot. 1896, 418. M. sajittatum, R. Br., var. B, EF. Meyer,

Comm. 222; M. sugittatum, R. Br., var. incanum, E. Meyer ex

Decne in DO. Prodr. viii. 511, under M. incanum ,; Schlechter in

Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 2.

CrentrRAL Reeion: Calvinia Div.; between Lospers Plaats and Springbok

Kuil River, 2000-3000 ft., Zeyher, 1179!

WestERN ReE@ion: Little Namaqualand; between Koussie (Buffels) River

and Silver Fontein, near Ookiep, 2000-3000 ft., Drége, 3051! hills near I’us

[ Ous Mountain ?), Schlechter, 11424! Great Namaqualand; Gubub, Schinz,

8. M. longituba (Schlechter in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. 445); an

erect much-branched shrub ; branchlets recurved-divaricate, minutely

velvety ; leaves distant, subsessile, 2-33 lin. long, scarcely 1 lin.

broad, lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptic, acute, minutely velvety on

both sides; flowers in few-flowered subaxillary fascicles ; pedicels

short, velvety ; sepals half as long as the corolla-tube, linear-lanceo-

late, velvety ; corolla tubular ; tube 3 lin. long, 2 lin. in diam.,

very thinly puberulous outside, furnished with a ring of deflexed

hairs (?5 patches) at the base inside ; lobes} lin. long, subtriangular,

subacute, erect, incurved at the apex, thinly velvety-puberulous ;

apex of the style produced into a beak.

Western Reaion: Great Namaqualand; among rocks near Keetmanshoop,

Fleck, 244a (ex Schlechter).

_I have not seen this plant, which, from the description, appears to be very

similar to M. ineanum, Decne, but differing in its foliage.

9. M. Burchellii (N. E. Br.); a dwarf, much-branched woody

shrub, }-1 ft, high ; branches decumbent (Burchell), $—-{ lin. thick,

rigid, subspinescent, minutely puberulous in the young state, green ;

556 ASCLEPIADEH (Brown). [ Microloma.

juice not milky; leaves minute, with very short petioles, 1-2} lin.

long, 3~1 lin. broad, ovate or elongated deltoid, acute, subcordate or

truncate at the base, puberulous, rather thick and fleshy, soon

deciduous; cymes sessile, umbellately 3—6-flowered ; bracts minute,

subulate ; pedicels 1—% lin. long, puberulous; sepals { lin. long,

searcely 1 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, puberulous ; corolla tubular,

5-angled, seareely constricted at the mouth, greenish, very minutely

puberulous outside ; tube 1-1} lin. long, thinly puberulous inside,

with 5 tufts of reflexed hairs near the base ; lobes spirally connivent-

erect into a short acute cone, each abont 2 lin, long, 4 lin. broad,

compressed-complieate, ovate-lanceolate, acute, ciliate along one

margin, slightly gibbous-keeled on the back at the base; eorona-

tubercles none; staminal column rather more than +} lin. long;

filament part short, stout, cylindric; anthers obtusely gibbous at the

base; anther-wings inconspicuous, triangular, but scarcely spur-like;

follicles not seen.

Katanari Recion: Griqualand West; Hay Div.; at the Kloof Village in

the Asbestos Mountains, Burchell, 2063! Bechuanaland; in rocky and stony

places at Kosi Fontein, Burchell, 2585!

10. M. Massonii (Schlechter in Journ. Bot, 1896, 418) ; a dwarf,

much-branched woody shrub, 6-10 in. high; branchlets erect,

straight, rather rigid and subspinescent at the apex, minutely puberu-

lous, at least on the young parts, green; juice not milky; leaves

minute, with very short petioles, opposite, and oceasionally alternate

on the same plant, 1-21 lin. long, 4-11 lin. broad, cordate or lanceo-

late, acute, with revolute margins, rather thick and fleshy, puberu-

lous or subglabrous ; cymes sessile, fasciculately 3-6-flowered ; bracts

minute, subulate ; pedicels 1—1 lin. long, puberulous ; sepals about

1 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, linear-lanceolate, acute, minutely puberulous ;

corolla urceolate, truncate, glabrous or rarely puberulous outside ;

tube 11-14 lin. long, % lin. in diam., puberulous in the upper half

inside, with 5 tufts of deflexed ‘hairs just below the middle ; lobes

inflexed at a right angle and spirally arranged at the mouth of the

tube, nearly closing it, 3-3 lin. long, eucullate-ovate, acute, slightly

gibbous at the base, minutely ciliolate along one iargin ; corona-

tubercles none; staminal column 2—% lin. long; filament part stout,

cylindric ; anthers obtusely gibbous at the base ; anther-wings small,

inconspicuous, triangular, but scarcely spur-like; follicle solitary,

18-2 in. long, 2-23 lin. thick, fusiform, beaked, glabrous; seeds

21 lin. long, 12 lin. broad, flattish, minutely rugulose-tuberculate.

Astephanus Massoni, Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 124; Dietr. Syn. Pi.

ii. 909; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv, 158. Heemax Massoni, L. Meyer,

Comm. 223; Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 1, 228; Decne in DC.

Prodr. viii. 509.

Var. 8, Dregei (N. E. Br.); plant 12-16 in, (or perhaps more) high, with

the main branches a foot or more high and less branched than in_the type,

puberulous to the base. Hemaw Drege, E. Meyer, Comm. 223; Harv. Gen.

8. Afr. Pl. ed. i. 228; Deene in DO. Prodr. viii. 509. Astephanus Dreget,

D; Dietr. Syn, Pl, ii, 909.

Microloma.] ASCLEPIADER (Brown). 557

CENTRAL REGION: Calvinia Div.; between Lospers Plaats and Springbok

Kuil River, 2000-3000 ft., Zeyher, 1177! Prince Albert Div. ; in the Karoo, by

the Gamka River, 2000-3000 ft., Burke! Zeyher, 1178! Beaufort West Div. ;

Karoo, near Beaufort West, Henderson, 83! Middelburg Div. ; on the Sneeuw-

berg Range, between Compass Berg and Rhenoster Berg, 4500-5000 ft., Drége,

3417! plains, Rosmead Junction, Sim in Herb. Galpin, 5630! Middelburg,

Sim, 2590! Aberdeen Div.; Camdeboo Mountains, near Hamer Kuil, 3000-

3500 ft., Drége ex E. Meyer; Graaff Reinet Div. ; hills near Graaff Reinet,

2600 ft., Bolus, 365! Colesberg Div.; near Colesberg, Fraser ! Naauw Poort,

Burchell, 2780 !

WestERN REGION: Var. 8: Little Namaqualand ; between Pedros Kloof

and Silver Fontein, near Buffels (Kousie) River, 2000-2500 ft., Drége, 3050! and

without precise locality, Scully, 246! and in MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm.

Aust.-Afr., 1313!

The corolla of this plant varies considerably in length, actually; and relatively

to the sepals. The var. Dregei from Namaqualand, distinguished by E. Meyer

as a species, is taller and less densely branched than the other specimens, and has

a different appearance, but I do uot find any difference in the flowers, The

stems, however, are not more puberulous than some examples of the ordinary

M. Massoni, in which they are never quite glabrous as described by E. Meyer,

aithough the pubescence is often exceedingly minute. Decaisne has wrongly

quoted R. Br. as the authority for Astephanus Massoni.

X. PARAPODIUM, E. Meyer.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla 5-lobed ; tube hemispherical or globose-

campanulate; lobes recurved or spreading at the tips. Corona-lobes

5, adnate to the corolla-tube in their lower part, free at the tips

alternating with the corolla-lobes, quite free from the staminal

column. Stamens 5, united to the dilated part of the style in a

column; anthers with membranous appendages at the apex. Pollen-

masses solitary in each cell, pendulous, attached by rather long

caudicles to the pollen-carriers. Style conical at the apex, some-

times produced beyond the anther-appendages. Follicles large,

coriaceous.

Erect herbs ; leaves opposite, coriaceous; umbels lateral at the nodes.

Distris. Species 3, endemic.

This remarkable genus is stated not to have been seen by Decaisne or Harvey,

and the Kew specimens of it (on one of which Decaisne has written the name

Parapodium costatum) were overlooked by Bentham when he worked up the

order for the Genera Plantarum, whilst Schlechter in the Journal of Botany, —

1896, 454, erroneously refers the plant on which E. Meyer founded the genus to

Asclepias orbicularis, Schlechter (i.e. Xysmalobiwm orbiculare, Dietr.), a plant

with which the generic description of E. Meyer does not at all agree. But

Schlechter seems to have entirely misunderstood the genus Parapodium, since in

Engler’s Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, p. 41, he founds the supposed new genus Rhom-

bonema upon the very plant which HE. Meyer had long before described as

Parapodium costatum.

Style-apex exserted beyond the anther-appendages ;

leaves lanceolate or oblong, flat or very slightly

Uindinlated 5511 ina. | aaa pewiber ae Cee et 7) Oeetatam,

Style-apex not exserted beyond the anther-appendages : ate

Leaves oblong or oblong-linear, flat, not crisped ... (2) simile.

Leaves linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, very much

undulated and crisped (3) crispum.

558 ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). [ Parapodium.

1. P. costatum (E. Meyer, Comm. 222); stem 3-11 in. high,

erect, simple, stout, bifariously puberulous, at least on the upper

part ; leaves in 6-8 pairs, coriaceous, very slightly fleshy, thick and

rigid when dry ; petiole 1—11 in. long, spreading or upcurved, stout,

flattened and puberulous above; blade 2-51 in. long, 3-14 in. broad,

ascending, sometimes almost making a bend at its junction with the

petiole, elongated-oblong or lanceolate, acute or obtuse and apiculate

at the apex, rounded or broadly cuneate at the base, flat or very slightly

undulated, but not at all crisped on the margins, glabrous or slightly

puberulous on the very stout midrib beneath ; umbels 3-5, lateral at

the nodes, pedunculate, 3-7-flowered; peduncles 23-8 lin. long,

puberulous on one side; bracts 14-3 lin. long, linear-subulate or

lanceolate, slightly pubeseent; pedicels 3-5 lin. long, glabrous or

puberulous; sepals ascending and nearly equalling the corolla,

4-41 lin. long, 3-11 lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, slightly

pubeseent or almost glabrous on the back; corolla subglobose or

globose-campanulate, about 5 lin. in diam., obtusely 5-angled, lobed

to 2 of the way down, glabrous, dull purple-brown or violaceous

outside, dull green within; tube 12 lin. long, subhemispherical ;

lobes 3-4 lin. long, 14-14 lin. broad, oblong-lanceolate, subacute,

erect, closely contiguous and concave at the lower part, recurved or

revolute and convex at the tips; corona-lobes fleshy, 14-1} lin.

long, 13-2 lin. broad, broadly cuneate, truncate or rounded at the

apex, adnate to the corolla up to the sinuses, spreading, closely con-

tiguous, forming a short pentagonal truncate cup, with 5 rather stout

keels, formed by the inflexed contiguous margins of the lobes com-

posing it, white ; in some flowers, between the subcontiguous margins

of each pair of lobes, is an exceedingly narrow lobule channelled

down its middle and also adnate to the corolla-tube; staminal

column 2-21 lin. long, conical; anther-appendages 1 lin. long,

ovate, oblong or more or less pandurate, acute or subobtuse, erect and

applied to the sides of the stout conical style-apex; anther-wings

somewhat hatchet-shaped, about half as broad just below the apex as

they are at the hooked angular base, rounded on their outer margin ;

style-apex projecting 1-1 lin, beyond the anther-appendages, shortly

bifid; follicles not seen. Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 1, 227;

Decne in DC. Prodr, viii. 512; N. EB. Br. in Hook. Ic, Pl. xxviii.,

in note under t. 2744; Rand in Journ. Bot. 1903, 336. Metastelma

costatum, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 908. Rhombonema luridum, Schlechter

in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 41, and Journ. Bot. 1896, 418.

CentTRAL Recion: Aliwal North Div. ; on the Wittebergen Range, Drége!

Karanart Reeton: Orange River Colony; Rhenoster River, Burke ! ‘Trans-

vaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 952! Vereeniging, 4750 ft., Gilfillan in Herb.

Galpin, 6149! foot of the Magaliesberg Range, Schlechter, 3610! Modder-

fontein, Coirath, 980! Veld north of Johannesburg, Rand, 965! near Pieters-

burg, Bolus, 11124! and without precise locality, Zeyher, 1163 !

Partly described from fresh flowers in fluid. As stated by Schlechter in

Engler’s Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 3, the specimen in E, Meyer’s Herbarium named

Parapodium costatwm, by EB. Meyer himself, is a piece of Xysmalobiwm orbiculare.

But it is evident that some error has been made in placing the label bearing that

Parapodium.| ASCLEPIADEX (Brown). 559

name (Drége, 3421) with that specimen, because E. Meyer’s manuscript descrip-

tion of Parapodium placed with it, describes a totally different floral stracture,

and his dissected flower, which is also on the same sheet, agrees with his

description and with the flowers of the plant I have above described as P.

costatum. Specimens of it, collected by Drége, have been erroneously distributed

as Pachycarpus rigidus, E. Meyer, so that great confusion seems to have been

made in the distribution of these three species.

2. P. simile (N. E. Br.) ; stems apparently about 6-10 in. high,

2-3 lin. thick, bifariously puberulous, leafy to the base; leaves

spreading or ascending; petiole 1—8 in. long, channelled and puberu-

lous above ; blade 11-31 in. long, 23-10 lin. broad, oblong, lanceo-

late-oblong or oblong-linear, acute, rounded or cuneate at the. base,

coriaceous, flat, not crisped at the margins, glabrous on both sides;

umbels 4-6, lateral at the nodes, peduneulate, 8—9-flowered ;

peduncles 1-1 in. long, moderately stout, puberulous on one side ;

bracts 2-3 lin. long, linear-subulate, finely pointed, glabrous,

minutely and sparsely ciliate; pedicels 4-1 in. long, puberulous on

one side; sepals 1 in. long, 3-1 lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate,

with a few hairs on the back or subglabrous, applied to the corolla,

with spreading tips ; corolla subglobose-campanulate, quite glabrous,

‘‘creamy-brown’’ according to Miss Pegler, dark purple-brown

with pale margins to the lobes in the dried state; tube 1-1} in.

long; lobes about 3 lin. long, erect and contiguous at the very

concave lower part, recurved at the flat tips, revolute along the

margins; corona-lobes arising just below the sinuses between the

corolla-lobes and decurrent-adnate to the bottom of the corolla,

¢ lin. high, 12 lin. broad, transversely oblong, subtruncately rounded

at the top, which has an acute edge, fleshy, white, erect, contiguous

at their sides, which are slightly reflexed, forming a pentagonal cup

surrounding, but free from, the 2 lin. long staminal column ; anther-

appendages ovate, with the margins recurved as if pinched just

below the truncate apex, erect, applied to the sides of the style-

apex ; anther-wings triangular in outline, acute at the apex and not

1 as broad just below as atthe acutely hooked-angular base, nearly

straight on their outer margin; style-apex shortly columnar or

subconical, minutely bilobed, not exserted beyond the anther-appen-

dages ; follicle solitary, erect, very large in proportion to the plant,

5 in. or more long, 1 in. thick, lanceolate, truncate and somewhat

toothed at the apex, with about 5 coriaceous irregularly toothed

wings, teeth 1-1 in. long; seeds (unripe) ovate, very concave on one

side, convex on the other, rugose, dark brown, probably about 2 lin.

long when ripe.

Katanart ReGion: Transvaal; near Rustenburg, 4000 ft., Miss Pegler,

1022! Orange River Colony ; near Besters Vallei, Bolus, 6348!

Although similar to P. costatum, the short style-apex and rather smaller

differently shaped anther-wings clearly point to a specific distinction. The

follicles of P. costatum may also prove to be different from those of this plant.

8. P. crispum (N. E. Br. in Hook, Ic. Pl. t. 2744); plant about

560 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [| Parapodium.

6-8 in. high; stem simple or branching at the base only, rather

stout, pubescent along two broad lines; leaves rather close together,

incurved-ascending, 21-31 in. long, 23—5 lin. broad, linear-laneeo-

late, acute, narrowed into the 11-3 lin. loig petiole at the base,

coriaceous, very much crisped or undulate along the margins,

glabrous on both sides; umbels several, subaxillary, 3—4-flowered;

peduncles 1-2 lin. long, moderately stout ; bracts subulate, 14-2 lin.

long; pedicels 3-4 lin. long; sepals 3-4 lin. long, % lin. broad,

gradually tapering from base to apex, glabrous; corolla 4—6 lin. in

diam., 5-lobed to rather more than half-way down, glabrous on both

sides ; tube about 12 lin. long, globose-campanulate ; lobes 2-2} lin.

long, 13-12 lin. broad at the base, ovate-lanceolate, subacute,

concave and somewhat incurved in their lower part, recurved at the

apex; corona-lobes adnate to the corolla-tube for half their length,

and in that part confluent, forming a sort of disk lining the base of

the corolla-tube, apical part free, erect and rising slightly above the

sinuses of the corolla, 1-2 lin. long, 14-1} lin. broad, transversely

oblong, truncate, in dried flowers rather thin, flat or with the margins

ineurved; staminal column 11 lin. long, stout, conical ; anther-

appendages small, oblong, acute, loosely inflexed over and covering

the small depressed-truncate style-apex ; follicles not seen.

Coast Rxeron: Queenstown Div.; on grassy hills, near Shiloh, 4000 ft.,

Drége ! ‘

CENTRAL Region : Somerset Div., foot of Bosch Berg, MacOwan, 13843!

and without precise locality, Cooper, 531! Cradock Div.; near Cradock, Cooper,

1285! Graaff Reinet Div.; on the Sneeuwberg Range near Graaff Reinet,

4100 ft., Bolus!

This remarkable plant bears such a close resemblance to Xysmalobium gom-

phocarpoides, Dietr., and Woodia mucronata, N. E. Br., as to be readily

mistaken for either of them. It was distributed by Drége as Pachycarpus

gomphocarpoides under letter ‘‘ a.”

XI. WOODIA, Schlechter.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla 5-lobed nearly to the base; lobes in-

curved-ascending or spreading ?, concave or flattish, with revolute

margins. Corona-lobes 5, arising from the base of the staminal

- column opposite the anthers, dorsally flattened, concave at the basal

part, with the incurved margins ascending the staminal column as

narrow wings, deeply trifid, or quadrate with square shoulders and

an incurved middle tooth, with one stout keel on or decurrent from

the inner face of the middle tooth, Stamens arising from the base

of the corolla, their filaments connate in a tube around the ovary ;

anthers terminated by a membranous appendaze. Pollen-masses

solitary in each anther-cell, nearly as broad as long, subquadrate or

rectangular, pendulous, attached in pairs to the pollen-earriers by

rather stout caudicles. Style depressed-truncate or truncate at the

apex, shorter than the anther-appendages. ollicles where known,

Woodia. | ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). 561

covered with short spine-like processes. Seeds crowned with a tuft

of hairs.

Perennial herbs, probably with a tuberous rootstock ; stem usually solitary,

erect, simple or rarely with one branch ; leaves opposite; umbels lateral at the

nodes and terminal, sessile or pedunculate.

Distris. Species 3, endemic. The Tropical African Woodia trilobata,

Schlechter, does not belong to this genus, but is a Xysmalobium,

Corona-lobes distinctly 3-toothed or -lobed :

Peduncles 4-1} in. long, 2 to several times as long

as the petioles; sepals as long as or exceeding

the corolla... ese ees oes ine =.

Peduncles 0-% in. long, rarely longer than the

petioles ; sepals shorter than the corolla ... ... (2) mucronata,

Corona-lobes subquadrate, with square shoulders and

a thick incurved obtase middle point ... vee .. (3) singularis.

' 1. W. verruculosa (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45,

31); stem simple, 6-10 in. high, apparently slightly compressed,

glabrous with the exception of a puberulous line down one side ;

leaves in 4—7 pairs; petiole 1-33 lin. long; blade 14-2} in. long,

1-12 in. broad, ovate, ovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acute, with

a somewhat pungent apiculus, rounded to subcordate at the base,

glabrous on both sides, slightly scabrid on the slightly thickened

margin; umbels 2-4, erect, lateral and terminal, racemose or

occasionally subcorymbose, 4—5-flowered; peduneles 3-1} in. long,

puberulous down one side; bracts 2-3 lin. long, subulate, glabrous ;

pedicels 7-10 lin. long, puberulous on one side ; sepals as long as or

longer than the eorolla, suberect, about + in. long and 4 lin. broad,

tapering from the base to the very acute apex, more or less revolute

at the margins, glabrous or very thinly sprinkled with minute hairs ;

corolla-lobes erect with more or less incurved tips, 2}—2 lin. long,

1 lin. broad at the base, thence tapering to the acute apex, flattish,

with revolute margins, glabrous on both sides, apparently purple-

brown with green or pale margins on the back, perhaps greenish on

the inner face ; corona-lobes arising at the base of the staminal

column and their margins ascending it as very narrow wings, 1+ lin.

long, 3-lobed, erect; middle lobe laneeolate-subulate with a very

prominent stout keel on the inner face at the lower part, slightly

incurved and reaching to the top of the anthers; lateral lobes much

shorter, linear, obtuse, very slightly falcate, quite erect on each side

of the central keel, with their flat sides facing each other; staminal

column 11 lin. long; anther-appendages broader than long, reniform,

obtuse, very abruptly inflexed over the margin of the truncate

style-apex ; follicle solitary, 3-33 in. long, } in. thick, stoutly fusi-

form, acute, beset with several series of spine-like processes, 8_]1

lin. long, glabrous. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 456.

Hastern Reeion: Griqualand East ; mountains around Clydesdale, 2500 ft.,

an, 2173! Natal; hills near Camperdown, 2000-3000 ft., Wood, 4079!

(1) verrucosa.

2. W. mucronata (N. E. Br.); stems 1-2 to a plant, 6-10 in.

VOL. IV.—SkCr. 1.—PART IV, vo

562 ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). [| Woodia.

high, bifariously puberulous, leafy nearly to the base, with inter-

nodes 1—1 in. long; leaves widely spreading or more or less upcurved,

coriaceous ; petiole 1-1 in. long, channelled and puberulous above ;

blade 13-3 in. long, 1-11 in. broad, varying from linear-lanceolate

to elliptic or elliptic-oblong, and from nearly or quite flat to very

much undulate and crisped, glabrous on both sides or slightly

puberulous on the midrib beneath, often scabrous on the margins;

umbels 3-8, pedunculate or sessile, lateral at the nodes, racemose,

4-7-flowered ; peduncles 0-8 lin. long, puberulous; bracts 13-3 lin.

long, linear-subulate, glabrous or nearly so; pedicels 43-6 lin. long,

puberulous; sepals shorter than the. corolla, 2-22 lin. long, 3-1 lin.

broad, lanceolate, acuminate, slightly puberulous ; corolla-lobes

incurved-ascending, 21-32 lin. long, 11-2 lin. broad, ovate or oblong-

ovate, acutely pointed owing to the revolute margins, concave,

glabrous on both sides; corona-lobes arising at the base of the

staminal column and shortly adnate to the very base of the corolla,

1-11 lin. high, fleshy, trifid, concave and broadly cuneate at the

base, with the margins ascending the staminal column as narrow

wings, about 1 lin, broad across the ascending-spreading }—} lin. long

lateral deltoid teeth, with the middle tooth 1—1+ lin. long, stout,

keeled down the inner face or compressed, resembling a bird’s claw,

incurved-erect, obtuse, attaining to about the level of the style-apex ;

staminal column about 12 lin. long, pentagonal at the top, suddenly

constricted under the small rectangular very prominent anther-

wings ; anther-appendages subreniform, inflexed over the rim of the

depressed-truncate style-apex ; caudicles broad and flat, attached to

the inner apical angle of the subquadrate pollen-masses ; pollen-

carrier surrounded by a hyaline margin; young follicles divergent,

ovoid or ellipsoid, tapering to a stout stalk-like base and to an acute

apex. glabrous, beset with several rows of soft subulate processes

about 1 lin. long. Asclepias mucronata, Thunb. Prodr. 47, in Nov.

Act. Acad. Petrop, xiv. (1805) 508; Fi. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 155, and ed.

Schultes, 235 ; Poir. Encyel. Suppl. i. 479 ; Willd. Sp. Pi. i. 1268;

Pers, Syn. Pl. i, 275; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 80; G. Don, Gen.

Syst. iv. 142. Pachyearpus marginatus, E. Meyer, Comm. 213

partly. Xysmalobium marginatum, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 902. Gom-

phocarpus marginatus, Decne in DO. Prodr, viii. 560, not of

Schlechter.

Var, &, trifurcata (N. E. Br.); like the type, but blade of leaf 13-4 in.

long; sepals 24-4 lin, long, 3-14 lin. broad; corolla-lobes 3}-5 lin. long,

13-24 lin. broad; corona-lobes 14-12 lin. high and about 1}-14 lin. broad

across the natural spread of the lateral teeth, which are $—1 lin. long, linear or

linear-oblong, suberect, with their margins ascending the staminal colump 11

broader wings than in the type, the middle tooth 1-14 lin. long, more com-

pressed and broader from the keel to the channelled back than in the type;

staminal column 14-2 lin. long; follicles 84-43 in. long, about } in. thick,

lanceolate-fusiform or subequally tapering at both ends, acute, with several

longitudinal rows of spine-like processes 4-1 lin, long, glabrous ; seeds small,

2-24 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad, concave, with very incurved margins on one side,

very convex on the other, minutely tuberculate on koth sides, dark brown.

Woodia trifurcata, Schlechter in Journ, Bot. 1895, 337 in note, and var.

Woodia.]} ASCLEPIADEH (Brown), 563

planifolia, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 39. W. marginata,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 9; Journ. Bot. 1896, 456, and Ann.

Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xv. 69. Gomphocarpus trifurcatus, Schlechter in

Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 9. Pachycarpus marginatus, E. Meyer, Comm,

213, partly. Xysmalobium lingueforme, Weale in Journ. Linn, Soc. xiti. 50,

Sourn AFrRicaA: without locality, MacOwan ! Var. B, Drége, 4939!

Coast Recion: Humansdorp Div.; across the Gamtoos River and near

Kromme River, Thunberg / Uitenhage Div.; Addo, Drége, 2224! Albany Div. ;

without precise locality, Drége! Hutton! Cooper, 2718! Queenstown Div. ;

Hangklip Mountain, near Queenstown, Galpin, 1807! Var. 8: Queenstown

Div. ; near Queenstown, 3800 ft., Bolus ! Stutterheim Div.; Dohne Mountain,

3000 ft., Bolus, 10213! East London Div.; near East London, 100 ft., Wood in

Herb. Galpin, 3385! Komgha Div.; hills by the Kei River, near Komgha,

1800 ft., Flanagan, 899! Krook, 792 (ex Schlechter) .

CENTRAL Reaion: Somerset Div.; near Somerset Hast, Miss Bowker !

KabaAHArI Recion: Var. 8: Transvaal; Little Olifants River, 5000 ft.,

Schlechter, 3799 (ex Schlechter).

Eastern ReEGIon: Var. 8: Transkei; near Kentani, 1000 ft., Miss Alice

Pegler, 572! Tembuland; near Bazeia, 2000 ft., Baur, 569! between Cala and

Elliot, Bolus, 10186! near Umtata, Bolus, 10187 !

Although Thunberg described this remarkable plant more than 100 years

ago, no one appears to have identified it until now, Thunberg’s type has flat

leaves without undulations, but is otherwise identical with Miss Bowker’s and

Hutton’s specimens. Var. trifwreata seems to be the eastern form of the plant,

with larger flowers and much longer side teeth to the corona-lobes, Some

specimens bear a remarkable resemblance to Parapodiwm erispum and Xysma-

dt gomphocarpoides; all three may easily be mistaken for each other unless

issected.

3. W. singularis (N. E. Br.); stem solitary, about 1} ft. high,

2 lin. thick at the base, simple, slightly bifariously puberulous on

the upper part, glabrous below; leaves in about 16 pairs, ascending-

spreading, thinly coriaceous, quite glabrous on both sides; petiole

4-1 in. long; blade of the middle leaves 2~-2% in. long, {-1j in.

broad, the upper and lower smaller, oblong or sublanceolate-oblong,

acute or obtuse and apiculate, rounded or cuneate at the base, flat or

undulated at the margins; umbels sessile, lateral at the nodes and

terminal, 5—6-flowered ; pedicels 3-5 lin. long, miautely puberulous ;

sepals 1 in. long, 2 lin. broad, linear-lanceolate, very acute, glabrous ;

corolla-lobes ineurved-ascending or spreading?, about 3} lin. long,

13-14 lin. broad, oblong, shortly subeuspidate-acute, concave, with

revolute margins, glabrous on both sides, greenish?, tinted with

purple-brown on the back; corona-lobes arising at the base of the

staminal column, with their margins ascending it as narrow wings,

spreading, transversely oblong or subquadrate with square shoulders

and about 1 lin. long at the concave basal part, produced at the

middle for about % lin. into a stout fleshy linear-oblong obtuse

point, incurved at the apex and keeled down the inner face, rising

to about the base of the anthers; staminal column 1} lin. high,

abruptly much eonstrieted under the very broad transverse anthers,

Whose broad triangular-ovate appendages are inflexed over the

margin of the broad 5-angled style-apex.

Eastern Recion: Swaziland; ridge between Bremersdorp and Mac Nab’s

Store, 2500 ft., Burtt Davy, 2933 !

002

564 ASCLEPIADER® (Brown). [ Xysmalobiwm.

XII. XYSMALOBIUM, R. Br.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla 5-lobed nearly to the base ; lobes sub-

erect, spreading or reflexed, flat or slightly concave, or the lower

part very concave and the upper part recurved, overlapping or rarely

subvalvate in bud. Corona-lobes 5, arising from the staminal

column opposite the anthers, variable in shape, very thick and fleshy,

as thick as broad or laterally compressed or dorsally flattened, always

solid, keelless or with one longitudinal median keel on the inner

face, never cucullate or complicate, nor with any filiform horn or long

tongue-like process on the inner face. Staminal colwmn arising

from the base of the corolla. Anthers terminated by a membranous

appendage. Pollen-masses solitary in each anther-cell, pendulous,

attached in pairs to the pollen-carriers by elongated caudicles. Style

usually shorter than the anther-tips, rarely exserted beyond them.

Follicles variable in shape, smooth or more or less covered with soft

bristle-like processes. Seeds crowned with a tuft of hairs.

Perennial herbs with milky juice and tuberous rootstock or a cluster of thick

fleshy fusiform roots; stems erect or decumbent, simple or branched at the base,

sometimes solitary; leaves opposite; umbels few or many and lateral at the

nodes with 1 or 2 terminal, sessile or pedunculate, or solitary and terminal on a

long peduncle.

Distris. Species 38, half of them in Tropical Africa.

Xysmalobium as understood by recent authors is very unsatisfactorily defined.

It was separated by Robert Brown from. Asclepias to include those species in

which the corona-lobes are “fleshy, subrotund, simple on the inner face,” and

have 5 minute teeth or lobules alternating with them. He referred only 2

species to the genus, viz.:—Asclepias undulata, Linn., and A. grandiflora, Linn.

f., which according to modern views cannot both belong to the same genus. As

the characters given by R. Brown do not at all agree with the structure of A.

grandiflora, whilst they do roughly accord with that of A. undulata, I take this

latter as the type of Xysmalobium. The minute alternating lobes are of no

generic importance, as they are absent from some and present in other species of

this and many other genera. ‘The definition of the genus as given by Bentham

and Hooker, and copied in Engler & Prantl, Pflanzenfamilien, does not dis-

tinguish it from Schizoglosswm, nor apply to all the species, Dr. Schlechter has

repeatedly asserted that Xysmalobium cannot be distinguished from Asclepias,

but does not define either genus. In the structure of the corona-lobes, the two

genera are entirely different, always appearing solid in Xysmaobium, and always

either cucullate or with a fissure or space between the inflexed sides of them in

Asclepias. From their fleshy nature it will probably be found that some of the

descriptions of the corona-lobes do not accord with those organs in living

flowers, as they alter in the process of drying.

* Leaves 11-40 times as long as broad, all linear or

narrowly linear-lanceolate, 4-3 lin. broad, not

crisped on the margins:

Corolla reflexed, glabrous on the inner face;

corona-lobes shorter than the staminal column :

Anther-wings broadest and distinctly an-

gular at the middle... it veh ise

Anther-wings broadest at the base, not at all

angular at the middle ... ... =... (2) Zeyheri.

Corolla-lobes erect, with recurved minutely

velvety tips; corona-lobes overtopping the

staminal column .., ee om bas ... (3) carinatum,

(1) involucratum.

Xysmalobium. |} ASCLEPIADE& (Brown).

** Middle and upper leaves 4—14 times as long as

broad, varying from linear to narrowly elongate-

lanceolate or lanceolate :

Leaves 14-54 in. long, 4-2 in. broad, crisped on

the margins; corolla glabrous on the inner

face :

Corolla-lobes about 24 lin. long; corona-

lobes about as long as broad, apiculate :

Corona-lobes much shorter than the

staminal column, suborbicular, with

a very prominent keel on the inner

face ; anther-wings 4 lin. long

Corona-lobes nearly or quite as long as

the staminal-column, cuneate-obovate

or subquadrate, with or without a

slight keel on the inner face ; anther-

wings } lin. long oat wat di

Corolla-lobes. 3} lin. long; corona-lobes

twice as long as brond aH Wt Be

Leaves 2-84 in. long, #-24 in. broad, with or

without crisped or undulate margins; corolla-

lobes erect or suberect, densely white-pubescent

at the recurved tips on the inner face :

Plant 3-14 ft. high; corolla glabrous out-

side, with the hairs at the tips of the

inner face not more than {}, lin. long

Plant 3-5 ft. high; corolla pubescent or

puberulous outside, with the hairs at the

tips of the inner face 4-4 lin. long :

Corolla-lobes 3-34 lins long; corona-

lobes closely adpressed to the backs of

the anthers... fee ‘es *e

Corolla-lobes 43-6 lin. long; corona-

lobes standing free from the anthers ..

*** Leaves 14-3 (rarely 3-4) times as long as broad,

all ovate, ovate-lanceolate, lanceolate, oblong or

elliptic, 4-4 in. Jong :

Umbels all sessile, numerous, racemosely ar-

ranged along the stem, leaves elliptic or oblong

Umbels pedunculate :

Leaves usually oblong or elliptic, rarely

lanceolate or ovate, glabrous; umbels

numerous and racemosely arranged along

the stout simple stem a x —

Leaves ovate, lanceolate or oblong-lanceo-

late, pubescent or scabrous on both sides ;

plant branching at the base :

Umbels 2 in # terminal pair, or 2-6 and

racemosely arranged along the stems,

occasionally solitary on weak branches;

peduncles 3-14 in. long :

Corolla-lobes suberect; corona-

lobes not contiguous, about

twice as long as broad, semi-

terete or subtrigonous, slightly

incurved-erect : :

Corolla-lobes with a longi-

tudinally divided gibbosity

on the inner face... wos

565

(4) wiuterbergense.

(5) brownianum,

(6) gomphocarpoides,

(7) stockenstromense.

(8) ensifolium,

(9) undulatum.

(10) confusum.

(11) orbiculare,

(12) acerateoides.

566 ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). | Xysmalobium.

Corolla-lobes without a gib-

bosity on the inner face:

Corolla-lobes 12-2 lin.

long, yellow... ... (18) Gerrardi.

Corolla-lobes 1-14 lin.

long, _ greenish - white,

often purplish down the

back»: : Sis % ... (14) parviflorum.

Corolla-lobes very spreading or

reflexed ; corona-lobes subcon-

tiguous, ovoid to subglobose, not

nearly twice as long as broad... (15) asperum.

Umbel solitary, terminal ; peduncle 13-4

in. long:

Corolla yellow; corona-lobes ob-

long, erect, distinctly exceeding

the staminal column, with slightly

incurved tips... ass ... (16) tysonianum,

Corolla brownish or greenish-brown ;

corona-lobes linear-oblong to

narrowly ovate, slightly di-

vergent-spreading, not exceeding

the staminal column nor incurved

at the tips... ae a6 ... (17) prunelloides.

Corolla white or greenish-white,

tipped with purple, at least on

the backs of the lobes; corona-

lobes erect, orbicular in dorsal

outline, rather shorter than the

staminal column ... as ... (18) Baurii.

1. X. involucratum (Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 520); tuber

somewhat carrot-like ; stems 1-2 to a tuber, erect, 4-12 in. long,

leafy, glabrous with 2 pubescent lines, or pubescent all round;

leaves numerous, opposite, 2-43 in. long, 8-8 lin. broad, linear,

acute, erect or ascending, revolute along the margins, varying from

glabrous to pubescent on one or both sides; umbels 1-5 to a stem,

usually subeorymbose at its summit, occasionally spaced along the

upper part, pedunculate, hemispherical, 20—30-flowered, involuerate

with several linear-subulate spreading or reflexed bracts 2-2} lin.

long; peduncles 3-12 in. long, pubescent ; pedicels 4—5 lin, long,

pubescent ; sepals 1 lin. long, nearly 2 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute,

pubescent, reflexed; corolla entirely reflexed, slightly pubescent on

the back, glabrous within, yellowish-green ; lobes 13—1+ lin. long,

% lin. broad, oblong-lanceolate, subacute ; corona-lobes arising about

1 lin. above the base of the staminal column, and only reaching to

about its middle, % lin. long, ovoid, acute, entire or bifid, thick and

fleshy, erect, laterally sessile, with the apical part free and applied to

the basal part of the anthers ; staminal column 12 lin. long ; filament

part short, cylindric; anther part somewhat barrel-shaped ; anthers

erect, rhomboid; their appendages small, elliptic-ovate, acute,

inflexed over the apex of the style, and their wings very broadly

triangular, very prominent and minutely notched at the middle,

narrowing towards the base and apex ; style-apex small, pentagonal,

Xysmalobium. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 567

excavated ; follicle solitary, erect, 3-31 in. long, about 5 lin. thick,

fusiform, tapering into a beak, smooth, thinly and minutely puberu-

lous ; seeds 21 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, broadly ovate, flat with a

broad, plicately wrinkled margin, and minutely papillate on the disk.

Lagarinthus involucratus, E. Meyer, Comm. 203. Gomphocarpus

involucratus, D. Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 900; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb.

xviii. Beibl. 45, 8, and 19, xx. Beibl. 51, 32. Asclepias chloro-

glossa, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 454.

Coast ReGion: Uniondale Div.; between Welgelegen and Onzer, 2000 ft.,

Drége ! Albany Div. ; Heights of Albany, Bowie! near Grahamstown, Bolton !

MacOwan, 654! 1217! Galpin, 249 (ex Schlechter), and without precise

locality, Zeyher ! Cooper,2736! Bowker! Bathurst Div. ; between Riet Fontein

and the source of the Kasuga River, Burchell, 4147! Komgha Div.; near

Komgha, 1900 ft., Flanagan, 390 (ex Schlechter). Fort Beautort Div.; on

the Winter Bergen, Mrs. Barber, 83! Queenstown Div. ; mountain sides near

- Queenstown, 4000 ft., Galpin, 1656! Stockenstrom Div.; on the Kat Berg,

4000-5000 ft., Drége (ex E. Meyer). British Kaffraria, Cooper, 472!

Eastern Recion: Transkei; Krelis Country, Bowker! and without precise

locality, Mrs. Barber, 36! Hallack! Kentani Div. ; hill-sides, Miss Pegler, 118 !

Tembuland ; Bazeia, Baur, 383! Griqualand East; Malowe Mountain, 4000 ft.,

Tyson, 3114! Mount Currie, 5000 ft., Tyson in MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm.

Austr.-Afr., £46 ! Pondoland ; near the mouth of St. Johns River, Bolws, 10191 !

Natal; Inanda, Wood, 364! and in Natal Herb. 429! Mooi River, 4000 ft.,

Wood, 4063! Shafton, Howick, Mrs. Hutton, 403! near the mouth of the

Umzimkulu River, Drége (ex E. Meyer), Tugela, Gerrard, 1801! and without

precise locality, Sanderson, 373! Peddie!

According to Mrs. Barber, the Kaflirs eat the tubers at times when food is

scarce,

2. X. Zeyheri (N. E. Br.); plant about 5-6 in. high, with 1

simple erect stem to a tuber, pubescent all round ; leaves numerous,

opposite, 3-43 in. long, 3-2 lin. broad, linear, acute, erect or ascend-

ing, revolute along the margins, glabrous above, more or less pubes-

cent on the midrib beneath; umbels 3-4 to a stem, subaxillary and

terminal, pedunculate, hemispherical, about 20-flowered, involucrate

with several linear-subulate spreading or reflexed bracts about 2 lin.

long ; peduncles 6-7 lin. long, pubescent; pedicels 3-5 lin. long,

pubescent; sepals 12 lin, long, 2 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, pubes-

cent, reflexed ; corolla entirely reflexed, pubescent outside, glabrous

within; lobes 2 lin. long, rather more than 1 lin. broad, oblong-

lanceolate, acute ; corona-lobes arising 2 lin. above the base of the

staminal column and reaching to about $ of its length, $ lin. long,

oblong-ovoid, acute, thick and fleshy, erect, laterally attached at the

base to the staminal column by a short distinct stalk, and standing

free from the anthers; staminal column 12 lin. long; filament part

tapering upwards, constricted under the anthers; anthers oblong

with nearly parallel sides, slightly broadest at the base, erect, their

appendages very broadly ovate, acute, inflexed over the apex of the

style, and their wings broadest at the base, gradually narrowed

upwards; style slightly excavated at the pentagonal, truncate apex ;

follicles and seeds not seen. Lagarinthus involucratus, b, in Herb.

Drige,

— ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [Xysmalobiwm.

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div.; Van Stadens Berg, Ecklon Y Zeyher,

348! Alexandria Div. ; Zuurberg Range, at Addo and near Geelhout Boom,

1000-2000 ft., Drége!

In all characters, except those of the corona and staminal column, this is quite

like X. involucratum, Decne, but in that species the filament part of the staminal

column is shorter than in this and cylindric, not tapering upwards, the anthers

are distinctly rhomboid, their wings being broadest and most projecting at the

middle, at about the level of the apex of the corona-lobes, whilst in X. Zeyhert

they are slightly broadest at the base nearly at the level of the base of the corona-

lobes, and do not project at all at the middle ; the corona-lobes are also sessile in

X. involucratum and distinctly stalked in X. Zeyheri.

3. X. carinatum (N. E. Br.); plant 9-10 in. high, branching at

the base only ; stems erect from a slightly decumbent base, slender,

glabrous with 2 pubescent lines, leafy; leaves numerous, erect,

2-31 in, long, 3-1 lin. broad, linear, acute, revolute along the

margins, glabrous ; umbels several to a stem, subaxillary, shortly

pedunculate or subsessile, subglobose, 7-10-flowered; peduncles

1-23 lin. long; bracts about 14 lin. long, subulate or filiform;

pedicels 2-21 lin. long, minutely puberulous with curved hairs;

sepals 1-1+ lin. long, } lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, minutely

puberulous, spreading or perhaps slightly recurved; corolla about

2% lin. in diam., bell-shaped, 5-lobed almost to the base ; lobes erect

or but slightly spreading, 2 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, oblong-lanceolate,

obtusely pointed, slightly concave at the base, recurved and slightly

thickened at the apex, and somewhat reflexed along the margins,

glabrous outside, very minutely velvety at the thiekened- apex

within ; corona-lobes arising at the very base of the staminal column

and incurved over it, 14 lin. long, linear-faleate when viewed side-

ways, fleshy, flat on the face, very convex on the back; staminal

column about 1 lin, long; filament part above the insertion of the

corona-lobes about + lin. long; anthers quadrate, erect, their appen-

dages broadly ovate, acute, erect, slightly inflexed at the tips over

the rim of the style-apex; their wings broadened into a triangular

projection a little below the middle ; pollen-masses obliquely deltoid,

shaped something like’ a ham of baeon; style-apex pentagonal,

excavated, not exceeding the anther-appendages; follicles not seen.

Krebsia carinata, Schlechter in Journ, Bot. 1895, 269, and Ann.

Naturhist. Hofm. Wien, xv. 67.

Eastern Reeion: Griqualand Kast; in wet grassy places near Kokstad,

5100 ft., Tyson, 1439! near the River Umzimhlava, 4500 ft., Schlechter, 6548,

and Krook, 794b, 806 (ex Schlechter).

This plant is so exactly like Krebsia stenoglossa and Schizoglossum peri-

glossoides in the dried state, that it is scarcely possible to distinguish them unless

their flowers are dissected, when the great differences of their corona-lobes,

staminal column and pollen-masses are convincing enough of their distinctness.

Probably when alive they are more easily distinguished.

4. X. winterbergense (N. E. Br.) ; plant branching into several

stems at the base; stems 4—5 in. long and bearing 4-7 pairs of

leaves in the examples seen, bifariously pubescent ; leaves ascending,

Xysmalobium.] ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 569 ©

coriaceous ; petiole 2-6 lin. long; blade 11-23 in. long, 1-4 lin.

broad, linear, linear-lanceolate or the lowest narrowly lanceolate,

acute, tapering into the petiole at the base, undulate or crisped, on

the very scabrid margins, slightly scabrid on the midrib, otherwise

glabrous on both sides ; umbels about 4 to a stem, lateral and

terminal, 10—12-flowered, sessile ; pedicels 3-5 lin. long, puberulous

on one side ; sepals 13 lin. long, } lin. broad, lanceolate, aeute,

pubescent; corolla-lobes spreading, 23 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad,

oblong, subacute, with narrowly revolute margins and a few hairs on

the back, glabrous on the inner face, apparently greenish-yellow or

green; corona-lobes arising at the base of the staminal column and

much shorter than it, erect, about 1 lin. long and broad, fleshy, sub-

orbicular or orbicular-rhomboid, obtusely apiculate, flat, with a very

prominent keel decurrent from the apiculus on the inner face and

somewhat angular at its middle, apparently dark brown ; staminal

column 3 lin. long, constricted at the middle, with the upper half

broadly obconic and the lower subcylindric ; anther-appendages very

short, transverse, rounded, inflexed over the rim of the truncate

style-apex, anther-wings + lin. long,

Coast Region: Fort Beaufort Div. ; in a valley of the Winterberg Range,

Mrs. Barber, 86!

According to Mrs. Barber’s note with the specimen the flowers are ‘ dark

brown and green.” She states that “it is very uncommon; I have only seen

this one plant.” Allied to .X. brownianwm, but differs in its corona-lobes,

anther-wings and locality.

5. X. brownianum (S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1908, 309); stem

1_1 ft. high, simple or with 1-2 basal branches, bifariously puberu-

lous, leafy to the base; leaves in 7-9 pairs, coriaceous, erectly

upeurved or ascending-spreading; petiole 1-1} in. long, channelled

and puberulous above, spreading ; blade of the lower leaves 3-2 in.

long, 4-14 in. broad, ovate, elliptic, oblong, or elongated deltoid-

lanceolate, obtuse and mucronate or acute, rounded to truncate at

the base, spreading or ascending, of the upper leaves 13-3} in. long,

13-10 lin. broad, linear, linear-oblong, or narrowly lanceolate, acute,

cuneate or rounded at the base, where they somewhat abruptly curve

upwards into an erect position, crisped on the slightly scabrid

margins, glabrous on both sides ; umbels sessile, lateral at the nodes,

7-12-flowered ; bracts 1-2 lin. long, linear or linear-lanceolate, acute ;

pedicels 3-5 lin. long, puberulous, intermingled with longer hairs

on one side; sepals 12 lin. long, lanceolate, acuminate, with a few

hairs on the back; corolla-lobes campanulately spreading or ascend-

ing, about 22 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, oblong, slightly notched at the

obtuse recurved point, recurved at the margins, concave on the inner

face and slightly gibbous at the base, glabrous on both sides or with

a few short hairs on the back; corona-lobes arising at the base of

the staminal column and nearly as long as it, erect, 1} lin. long,

1-12 lin. broad at the top, broadly cuneate-obovate or subquadrate,

sloping or truncately contracted into a short and more or less inflexed

570 ASCLEP'(ADE (Brown). [ Xysmalobiwm.

apiculus, flat, sometimes with an indication of a slight keel down the

inner face, apparently ochreous or orange; staminal column 14-14

lin. long, constricted below the middle, with the upper part broadly

obconic and the basal part shortly conical, pentagonal at the top ;

anther-appendages much broader than long, subreniform, obtuse,

inflexed over the rim of the depressed-truncate style-apex ; anther-

wings 1 lin. long, very small and prominent, broadest and angular

at the base; caudicles nearly as broad as the minute pollen-carrier is

long, attached to the erect, obliquely tapering apex of the relatively

very large oblong pollen-masses, which are 8 lin. long and quite

straight along the inner margin. Rand in Journ. Bot. 1903, 339.

Asclepias anisophylla, Conrath § Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviil.

31, j

Katanari Recion : Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Burke ! Zeyher, 1165 partly!

Irene, Conrath, 984! open veld, south of Johannesburg, Rand, 1053! Witkleifon-

tein, Burtt Davy, 3134!

The corona-lobes are very similar in outline to those of Schizoglossum

eustegioides,

6. X. gomphocarpoides (Dietr. Syn: Pl. ii. 902) ; stem 1-1} ft. or

more high, ereet, simple, moderately stout, glabrous or slightly

pubescent along two broad lines; internodes short; leaves

4-54 in. long, 3-7 lin. broad, ascending, shortly petiolate, linear-

lanceolate, gradually tapering to an acute point, cuneate or sub-

cordate at the base, undulated, scabrid on the margins, glabrous ;

umbels several, racemose along the stem, subaxillary, 4—8-flowered ;

peduncles 1-4 lin, long, stout, puberulous along one side; pedicels

4-6 lin. long, puberulous along one side; sepals 2 lin. long, % lin.

broad, lanceolate, acute, thinly puberulous ; corolla 5-lobed almost

to the base, glabrous on both sides; lobes somewhat reflexed, 3} lin.

long, 1} lin. broad, oblong, acute, greenish in the dried state ; corona-

lobes arising from the base of the staminal column and about equalling

it in length, erect, 11-12 lin. long, auriculately dilated and about 1

lin. broad at the base, contracted above, linear-oblong, obtuse, very

fleshy, very convex on the back, keeled down the inner face;

staminal column 13-2 lin. long; anthers quadrate ; anther-appen-

dages rounded, incumbent upon the depressed-truncate pentagonal

style-apex ; follicle solitary (always ?), 21-3 in. long, 3-1 in. thick,

obliquely ovoid or ovoid-lanceolate, nearly straight along the side

turned to the stem, very bulging on the other, laxly covered with

soft bristle-like processes, glabrous; seeds 23-3 lin. long, ovate,

concave on one face, convex on the other, ragulose-tubercu-

late, dark-brown. Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 519. Pachycarpus

gomphoearpoides, EF. Meyer, Comm. 213. Gomphoearpus longt-

folius, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 9, in note, not of

Spreng. Asclepias gomphocarpoides, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx1.

Beibl. 54, 7, and Journ. Bot. 1896, 456,

: “oy ReEGIon; Oudtshoorn Div.; near the Cango Caves, 2100 ft., Bolus,

2133. ,

Xysmalobiwm. | ASOLEPIADE. (Brown). 571

CentRAL Recion: Graaff Reinet Div.; Sneeuwberg Range, 4100 ft.; Bolus,

635! Victoria West Div.; Nieuw Veld, between Brak River and Uitvlugt,

3000-4000 ft., Drége! Wodehouse Div.; northern slopes of the Andries Berg,

5800 ft., Galpin, 2220! Philipstown Div.; at “ Washbanks River,” Burchell,

2740! Colesberg Div. ; near Colesberg, Shaw !

Some other localities are mentioned by E. Meyer, but as this plant is mixed

with Parapodiwm crispum in his herbariuwn, without properly localized labels,

I have only quoted the locality of the specimens distributed by Drége under

letter c, which certainly belong here. This plant is exceedingly like Parapodium

crispum and Woodia mucronata in the dried state, and may easily be mistaken

for either of them unless dissected.

7. X. stockenstromense (Scott-Elliot in Journ. Bot. 1890, 364) ;

plant 7-15 in. high ; stem erect, simple, stout, rather fleshy, puberu-

lous along two broad lines; internodes short ; leaves subsessile or

petiolate, 3-8 in. long, 3-15 in. broad, lanceolate-attenuate, acute,

more or less undulated or flat, coriaceous, glabrous, scabrid on the

margins ; umbels 2 to several, lateral and terminal, pedunculate,

many-flowered, often crowded in a corymbose manner; peduncles

1-21 in. long, stout, erect, puberulous down one side ; bracts 13-3

lin. long, subulate; pedicels 3-8 in. long, puberulous ; sepals 2-3

lin. long, 1 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, glabrous ; corolla 5-lobed

almost to the base, green, tipped with brown; lobes erect, 3-4 lin.

long, 13-2 lin. broad, oblong, acute, glabrous outside, concave and

glabrous in the lower part within, recurved and densely white-

puberulous at the tips, with hairs not more than ,', lin. long ; corona-

lobes arising at the base of the staminal column, about half as long

as and standing free from it, reaching to the base of the anthers, in

fresh flowers about 12 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, in dried ones 1 lin,

long, 1-11 lin. broad, sessile, erect, contiguous, broadly deltoid-ovate,

obtuse, fleshy, dorsally flattened, and in dried flowers with the margins

somewhat reflexed, and indistinctly keeled on the back, having a

very prominent subacute keel on the face, which is adnate to the

base of the column, in fresh flowers the lobe is triangular in trans-

verse section and half as thick as broad, glabrous; staminal column

21-21 lin. long, much constricted under the quadrate anthers ;

anther-appendages rounded, incumbent on the truncate pentagonal

style-apex ; fruit not seen. Gomphocarpus stockenstromensts,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 37. Asclepias stocker.-

stromensis, Schlechter in Journ. Bot, 1896, 454. :

Coast Recion: Stockenstrom Div.; on the scrubby slopes of Lushington

Mountain, near Stockenstrom, Sculiy, 169! Stutterheim Div. ; Dohne Mountain,

4500 ft., Bolus, 10204 !

Katanart ReGion: Basutoland; grassy slopes of ‘Mount-aux-Sources,

7800 ft., Thode, 36! Transvaal; near Belfast, 6500 ft., Bolus, 12120! near

Carolina, 5600 ft., Bolus! Donker Hoek, Schlechter, 4184 (ex Schlechter).

Eastern ReGion: Griqualand East; near Kokstad, Haygarth in Herb.

basce 4172! Natal; on the South Downs in Weenen County, 4000 ft., Wood,

8. X. ensifolium (Burch. ex Scott-Elliot in Journ. Bot. 1890,

364) ; plant about 5 ft. high; stem stout, pubescent with spreading

572 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [Xysmalobium.

hairs ; leaves ascending, very shortly petiolate, 7-8 in. long, 1—-1$ in.

broad, elongated ovate-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, subacute,

rounded or shortly cordate at the base, thinly pubescent on both

sides, margins not very scabrid and not undulated; umbels several,

the upper rather crowded, many-flowered, globose, 14 in. in diam. ;

peduncle 1-12 in. long, erect, stout, hairy-pubescent ; bracts + in.

long, subulate, pubescent ; pedicels 6-8 lin. long, subtomentose ;

sepals 3 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, channelled at

the tips, pubescent ; corolla campanulate, 5-lobed nearly to the

base, about 42 lin. in diam.; lobes 3-3} lin. long, 1} lin. broad,

pubescent on the back, glabrous on the concave lower part within,

densely bearded with white hairs 1—1 lin. long on the recurved tips ;

corona-lohes 1-11 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, arising a little above the

base of the staminal column, erect, closely applied to the backs of

the anthers and reaching to the base of the anther-appendages, sub-

orbicular, flat, fleshy, obtusely gibbous-keeled on the baek, and

having a very slight linear keel on the face at the base ; staminal

column about 2 lin, long; anthers subquadrate, with the wings

produced into deltoid truncate teeth; anther-appendages ovate,

acute, inflexed-connivent over the short conical obtuse style-apex ;

pollen-masses scarcely 1 lin. long, roundish-pear-shaped, attached

to the black ovoid pollen-carrier by rather long crooked caudicles ;

follicles not seen. X. undulatum, R. Br., var., Scott-Elliot in Journ.

Bot. 1890, 364.

Katanart ReGion: Griqualand West, Herbert Div.; at upper Campbell,

parent 1834! Bechuanaland; near the sources of Kuruman River, Burchell,

In habit, foliage, and flowers, this is exceedingly like X. wndulatum, R. Br.;

the flowers, however, are considerably smaller, and the corona-lobes are quite

different, the stout fleshy keel, present on the upper part of the face in x.

undulatum, being entirely absent in X. ensifolium, and the lobes themselves are

pressed close to the anthers; the pollen-masses are also different in the two

species.

9. X. undulatum (R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 39); stems

3-5 ft. high, stout, erect, hairy-pubescent ; leaves more or less

ascending, subsessile or with very short stout petioles, 4-8} in. long,

11-3 in. broad, elongated, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, or some-

times ovate, obtuse with a short point, or subacute, rounded or more

or less cordate at the base, pubescent on both sides, scabrid along

the margins, which are often undulated ; umbels several, the upper

often crowded, ‘many-flowered, globose, 13-2} in. in diam. ; pe-

duncles 1—12 in. long, erect, stout, hairy-pubescent ; bracts about

3 lin. long, subulate, pubescent; pedicels 3—3 in. long, hairy-pubes-

cent ; sepals 3-4 lin. long, 12-14 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute,

pubescent ; corolla globose-campanulate, 5-lobed nearly to the base,

6-7 lin. in diam. ; lobes 43-6 lin. long, 21-3 lin. broad, oblong,

acute, pubescent outside, glabrous in the concave lower part within,

dull green (Rand), densely bearded with white hairs }—} lin. long on

the recurved tips; corona-lobes 13 lin. long, 13-2} lin. broad,

Xysmalobium. | ASCLEPIADEH (Brown). 573

scarcely half as long as the staminal column, except when pressed

out of position by drying, shortly spreading from its base, then

erect, broadiy cuneate, obovate or transverse, subtruncate or broadly

rounded at the apex, fleshy, flat on the back, thickened into a

triangular mass or stout keel on the inner face, dull white, tinged

with purple externally (Rand); staminal column 23-3 lin. long ;

anthers subquadrate, with their wings produced into a truncate tooth

at or near the base; anther-appendages elliptic or suborbicular,

incumbent upon the stout convex or cushion-like style-apex ; follicle

usually solitary, 3-5 in. long, 13-14 in. thick, obliquely ovoid,

usually very obtuse, sometimes somewhat tapering to a stout obtuse

point, pubescent and thickly covered with long filiform pubescent

processes; seeds 2} lin. long, 14 lin. broad, convex on one side,

flattish with thick raised margins on the other, covered with raised

irregular lines and points on both sides, dark brown. Ait. Hort.

Kew. ed. 2, ii. 79; Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 1, 226; Dietr. Syn.

Pl, ii. 902 ; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 850; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 89 ;

E. Meyer, Comm. 215; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 146 ; Scott-Elliot in

Journ. Bot. 1890, 364; Rand in Journ. Bot. 1903, 338, not of

Deene. X. lapathifolium, Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 519; K.

Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 232, 7. 67, A-D,

very inaccurate. Asclepias undulata, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, i. 214;

Mant. ii. 346 ; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 304; Thunb. Prodr. 47 ;

in Nov. Act. Acad, Petrop. xiv. (1805), 508; Fi. Cap. ed. 2,

155, and ed. Schultes, 234; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1263; Lam. Eneyel.

Meth. i. 280; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 275; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb.

xxi. Beibl. 54, 9; Journ. Bot. 1896, 451, and Ann. Naturhist.

Hofmus. Wien, xv. 68, not of Jacquin. A. ciliata, Murray, Syst.

Veg. ed. 15, 271. Gomphocarpus arborescens, Sprenger in Bull. Soc.

Tose, Hort. ser. 2, v. 70, fig. 7, and Wien. Ill. Gart. Zeit. 1889,

494, fig. 78, not of R. Br. G. undulatus, Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 10, not of Turcz—Apocynum africanum,

lapathi folio, Commelin, Hort. Med. Amsteledam. 16, t. 16.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Herb. Linneus! Masson !

Coast Recron: Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountains, 1000-2000 ft., Drége (ex

E. Meyer). Cape Div.; hills at Paradise, near Newlands, Thunberg ! Worcester

Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, 2000-3000 ft., Drége! in the Gondinie, below 1000 ft.,

Drége (ex E. Meyer); Swellendam Div.; at the foot of Tradouw Berg, Bowie !

George Div. ? Kammanassie, Thunberg! Alexandr.a Div.; Zuurberg Range,

Burke! Albany Div.; moist places near Bothas Hill and near Grahamstown,

2200 ft., MacOwan, 404! Glenfilling, 800 ft., Drege (ex E. Meyer), and without

precise locality, Bowker ! Queenstown Div. ; Bongolo Poort, near Queenstown,

3550 ft., Galpin, 1916! Shiloh, Baur, 947!

Centrat Recton: Richmond Div. ; Uitvlugt, vicinity of Steel Kloof near

Richmond, 4000-5000 ft., Drége (ex E. Meyer), near Richmond, 4500 ft.,

Bolus, 2054! Victoria West Div.; Nieuw Veld, between Brak River and

Uilvingt, 3000-4000 ft., Drége! Somerset Div. ; near Somerset East, MacOwan,

404! without precise locality, Cooper, 526! :

Katauart Reaion: Orange River Colony ; near Seven Fonteins, Burke, 213!

Transvaal; Springbok Flats, Burtt Davy, 2142! Pretoria, Burtt Davy, 1079!

Leendertz, 410! Modderfontein, Conrath, 999 ! Bezuidenhouts Valley, Johannes.

burg, Rand, 1120! Standerton, Burtt Davy, 3168!

574 ASCLEPIADEH (Brown). [ Xysmalobium.

HAstERN Reoion; Trauskei; near Colossa, Krook, 810 (ex Schlechter),

around Kentani, Miss Pegler, 691! Natal; near Estcourt, 3800 ft., Wood, 3474!

near Bothas, 2000 ft., Wood, 4809! and without precise locality, Cooper, 27451

Swaziland, Burtt Davy, 2931! 2926! Bolus, 12121!

10. X. confusum (Scott-Elliot in Journ. Bot. 1890, 363); stem

2-3 ft. high, stout, + in. thick in the specimens seen, pubescent

along two broad lines ; leaves not very spreading, coriaceous ; petiole

1-2 lin. long, stout; blade 2-4 in. long, 1-23 in. broad, elliptie,

elliptic-oblong or oblong, obtuse, shortly and abruptly cuspidate-

mucronate, cuneately or very obtusely rounded at the base, very

scabrid along the margins, glabrous on both sides ; umbels numerous,

many-flowered, sessile, the upper more or less crowded; bracts

3-31 lin. long, subulate; pedicels 6-8 lin. long, minutely pubescent ;

sepals 3—4 lin. long, 2 lin. broad at the ovate-oblong bise, above

which the margins are incurved, forming a channelled subulate

point, spreading, glabrous, sparingly ciliolate ; corolla 5-lobed almost

to the base, quite glabrous; lobes suberect, 4—5 lin. long, 21—2% lin.

broad, oblong-ovate, obtuse, with a minute oblique apical notch ;

margins reflexed or revolute; corona-lobes arising at the base of the

staminal column and about half as long as it, fleshy, scarcely 1 lin.

long, about 14 lin. broad, broadly cuneate, truncate, with a minute

quadrate lobule at the base and a fleshy prominent keel at the top

on the inner face, triangular when seen from above and as if formed

from the inflexed adnate apex; staminal column 1+ lin. long, con-

stricted under the anthers ; anther-appendages subreniform, obtuse, in-

flexed upon the outer part of the broad style-apex, the centre of which

is produced slightly beyond them ina very short stout pentagonal

truncate column; follicles not seen. Gomphocarpus rectinervis,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 38. Aselepias confusa,

ee in Journ, Bot. 1896, 454, and A. rectinervis, Schlechter, l.c.

456.

Eastern Recion: Natal; Highlands of Natal, Gerrard, 1282! Inanda,

Wood, 1163! and without precise locality, Mrs. K. Sawnders ! Swaziland; near

Embabaan (Mbabane), 4700 ft., Bolws, 12123 !

Karanart Recion; Transvaal ; Houtbosh Berg, 6400 ft., Schlechter, 4429.

11. X. orbiculare (D. Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 902) ; stem 1-3 ft. high,

stout, 2-5 lin. thick, simple or rarely branching towards the base,

puberulous along two rather broad lines, or rarely glabrous;

leaves rather closely placed, much longer than the internodes,

spreading, coriaceous, glabrous; petiole 1-3 lin. long, stout; blade

11-3 in, long, 3-21 in. broad, oblong, broadly ovate, elliptic or

lanceolate, obtuse and apiculate or acute, rounded or cuneate-acute

(rarely cordate) at the base; margins very scabrid; umbels

numerous, subaxillary, racemosely arranged along. the upper part of

the stem, many-flowered; peduncle 3—1 in. long, stout, erect, pu-

bescent along the inner side; pedicels 1—1 in. long, puberulous along

the inner side ; sepals 14-2 lin. long, % lin. broad, lanceolate, acute,

nearly glabrous; corolla 5-lobed almost to the base, reflexed,

Xysmalobium.] —_ ascumprapum (Brown). 575

glabrous on both sides, chocolate-coloured with a green blotch at the

base of each lobe ; lobes 3-31 lin. long, 1} lin, broad, oblong, acute ;

corona-lobes arising at the base of the staminal column and slightly

‘shorter than it, 1-14 lin. long, 1+ lin. broad, erect, fleshy, dorsally

flattened, suborbicular, obtuse and slightly ineurved at the apex,

obtusely keeled down the face, glabrous, whitish ; staminal column

12 in. long, stout; anther-appendages very broad and short, rounded,

inflexed over the raised rim of the truncate apex of the style; pollen-

masses subfalcate-oblong, obtusely pointed, scarcely 4 lin, long,

attached to the black pollen-carrier by stout caudicles ; follicles

33-4 in. long, about 1 in. thick, lanceolate-fusiform, obtusely

pointed, sparingly echinate with stout erect acute processes about

1 lin. long, glabrous; seeds (immature) oblong-ovate, minutely

tuberculate on both sides. Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 519. X.

padifolium, Scott-Elliot in Journ. Bot. 1890, 363; Benth. ex

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 35, in note. Pachycarpus

orbicularis, E. Meyer, Comm. 212. Gomphocarpus padifolius,

Baker in Saunders, Ref. Bot. t. 254; Sehlechter in Engl. Jahrb.

xviii, Beibl. 45, 9, and xx. Beihl. 51, 35, in note. G. orbicularis,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 34. Asclepias orbicularis,

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 454, and Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus.

Wien, xv. 68.

Coast Reston: Bast London Div.; near East London, Wood in Herb.

Galpin, 83151! Komgha Div. ; near Komgha, Krook, 820 (ex Schlechter).

Eastern Recion: Transkei (Krielis Country), Bowker, 215! around

Kentani, Miss Pegler, 653! 887! Tembuland; on hills near Bazeia, 2000 ft.,

Baur, 819! Pondoland; between St. Johns River and Waterfall Bluff, Drege,

4980! Natal; near Verulam, Wood, 912! at Umhlongwe, Wood, 3013! Inanda,

Wood, 1254! and without precise locality, @ueinzius! Gerrard, 1284! Zululand ;

near Umgoya, Wood, 747! 3924! 5677!

12. X. acerateoides (N. E. Br.); stem 2-23 ft. high (Galpin),

only pieces 6-9 in. long seen, }—} in. thick, subhispid-pubescent ;

leaves spreading ; petiole 2-7 lin. long; blade 12-4 in. long, 3-2 in.

broad, lanceolate, ovate or oblong-ovate, acute or the upper acumi-

nate, rounded to subcordate at the base, flat or revolute at the

scabrid-ciliate margins, roughly pubescent on both sides; umbels

varying from 2 in a terminal pair to 6, lateral and terminal,

occasionally solitary, 2-11 in. in diam., 12—30-flowered ; peduncles

4-121 in. long, scabrid-pubescent; bracts 13 lin, long, subulate ;

pedicels 3-5 lin. long, pubescent ; sepals 14-2 lin. long, } lin. broad,

lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent; corolla-lobes erect, 13-23 lin,

long, 3-1 lin, broad, oblong, obtuse or subacute, with a longitudinally

divided convexity at the middle of the inner face and correspond-

ingly concave on the back, glabrous on both sides, greenish-yellow ;

corona-lobes arising at the base of the staminal column and shorter

than or subequalling it, erect, slightly incurved, $-1 lin. long, fleshy,

solid, in fresh flowers (seen preserved in fluid) } lin. broad and

nearly as thick, subcylindric, scarcely flattened on the inner face,

very obtuse, with a very faint indication of lateral compression at

576 ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). [Xysmalobium.

the apex, but in dried flowers often about } lin. broad, sometimes

appearing to be linear-oblong, obtuse, convex on the back and flat

on the inner face, at others laterally much compressed and as if

pinched together at the truncate apex, which often angularly

projects on the inner face, so that the lobe appears somewhat linear-

subfalcate in side view, with the inner side flattened and the back

convex ; staminal column about 1 lin. long; anther-appendages

ovate to suborbicular, obtuse or acute, inflexed upon and concealing

the small truncate style-apex. Gomphocarpus acerateoides, Sehlechter

in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 16, and G. ovatus, Schlechter, he,

20. Asclepias acerateoides, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 454,

and A. scabridifolia, Schlechter, l.c. 455.

Kananart Recion: Transvaal; De Kaap Flats, near Barberton, 2600 ft.,

Galpin, 664! summit of Saddleback Mountain, near Barberton, 5000 ft., Galpin,

674! near the top of Mauch Berg, 6600 ft., Atherstone !

Eastern ReGion: Swaziland; near Embabaan (Mbabane), 4900 ft., Bolus,

12142! Burtt Davy, 2768 !

Similar to X. Gerrardi, but apparently a much stouter plant, and easily

recognized by the peculiar gibbous intrusion of the middle of the petals, a

character not mentioned by Schlechter, whose types of G. acerateoides and G.

ovatus I have examined, and find to be identical. The differences in the corona-

lobes mentioned may be observable, but are due to the remarkable changes

which take place in drying, and are seen to vanish if a sufficient number of

flowers are examined, but neither in the fresh nor dried flowers do I find any

trace of the keels described by Schlechter under @. ovatus, which were probably

raised lines due to shrinkage.

13. X. Gerrardi (Scott-Elliot in Journ. Bot. 1890, 364) ; plant

branching at the base; branches simple or sparingly branched, erect

or perhaps decumbent at the base, more or less pubescent ; leaves

shortly petiolate, 11-21 in. long, 3-1 in. broad, lanceolate, oblong-

lanceolate or oblong-ovate, obtuse or acute, varying from acute to

almost subcordate at the base, thinly and harshly pubescent on both

sides, slightly scabrid at the margins ; umbels usually 2-4 to a branch,

occasionally solitary on weak branches, lateral and terminal, pedun-

culate, 6-14-flowered ; peduneles 1-1 in. long, pubescent on one

side; bracts 13-2 lin. long, filiform-subulate; pedicels rather slender,

3-4 lin. long, pubescent; sepals ascending, 14 lin. long, + lin.

broad, linear-lanceolate, aeute, pubescent ; corolla-lobes suberect,

13-2 lin. long, about 1 lin. broad, ovate-oblong, obtuse, with

recurved margins, without a gibbosity on the glabrous inner face,

more or less pubescent on the back near the apex, yellow or

yellowish ; corona-lobes arising close to or slightly above the base

of the staminal column and very distinctly longer than it, erect,

slightly ineurved, not contiguous, $—14 lin. long, $ to nearly } lin.

broad, fleshy, oblong-linear, very convex on the back and flattened

on the inner face or perhaps subterete, not clavate as originally

described, obtuse; staminal column 1 lin, long; anthers sub-

quadrate, slightly broader at the base, with orbicular appendages

inflexed over the truncate style-apex ; follicles not seen, Gompho-

Xysmalobium.] ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 577

carpus ochroleucus, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 30.

Asclepias ochroleuca, Schlechter in. Journ. Bot. 1896, 455, and

Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xv. 68.

EasTeRw Reaion: Griqualand East; Insizwa Mountains, Krook, 808, 814

(ex Schlechter). Natal; Fields Hill, near Pinetown, and on a hill near Gillets,

Wood, 3398! and in Herb. Natal, 682! hill near Krantz Kloof, Wood, 5002!

between Pietermaritzburg and Greytown, Wilms, 2136! and without precise

locality, Gerrard, 1289! Sanderson, 179! Mrs. K. Saunders !

Scott-Elliot quotes 3 specimens for X. Gerrardi, viz. :—Mrs. K. Saunders’ and

Gerrard, 1289 and 1951; of these, Mrs. K. Saunders’ specimen and Gerrard

1289 agree with the original description as to the corona-lobes (the other

characters in the description will equally answer for 3 other species), whilst

Gerrard 1951 does not, and differs entirely in its conspicuously reflexed corolla

as well as in the corona-lobes. I therefore take the above two specimens as the

type of X. Gerrardi, and refer Gerrard 1951 to X. asperum. In the Journal of

Botany, 1896, 454, Schlechter enumerates X. Gerrardi, X.: parvifiorum, and

Gomphocarpus parviflorus, Schlechter (three entirely different plants), as

synonyms under the new name of Asclepias sulphurea, without deseription or

any specimen quoted ; he seems to have entirely misunderstood both X. Gerrards

and X. parviflorwm, and has redescribed both under new names,

14. X. parviflorum (Harv. ex Scott-Elliot in Journ. Bot. 1890, °

363); plant 3-10 in. high, branching at the base; branches erect

or decumbent at the base, pubescent, chiefly along 2 broad lines ;

leaves in 3-7 pairs to a branch, often distant, ascending; petiole

1-2 lin. long; blade 2-12 in. long, 4-9 lin. broad, ovate or ovate-

lanceolate, acute, rounded or subcordate at the base, thinly and

harshly pubescent on both sides, scabrid on the slightly thickened or

revolute margin ; umbels 1-4 to a ‘stem, subaxillary and terminal,

pedunculate, 10-16-flowered; peduncles 3-11 im. long, shortly

hairy along one side; bracts 2-11 lin. long, subulate ; pedicels

2-3 lin. long, shortly hairy along one side, deflexed in fruit ; sepals

ascending, 11—12 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, narrowly lanceolate, acute,

shortly hairy on the back, usually reddish; corolla not much longer

than the calyx, greenish-white, sometimes purplish down the baek ;

lobes incurved-erect, 1-12 lin. long, about 3 lin. broad, ovate, obtuse,

flattish, without a gibbosity on the glabrous inner face, sparsely

hairy on the back ; corona-lobes arising at the base of the staminal

column and usually slightly exceeding it, faleately incurved-erect,

distant, % lin. long, 2-1 lin. broad, linear or linear-spathulate,

obtuse, viewed dorsally, fleshy, apparently somewhat compressed-

keeled on the back, or perhaps very convex, flat or slightly concave

on the inner face, apparently yellow or ochreous; staminal column

$-i lin. long; anthers subquadrate, their appendages broadly

ovate, inflexed over the truncate apex of the style ; follicle solitary,

erect, about 21 in. long, 5 lin. thick, lanceolate, acuminate, pubes-

cent ; seeds 2 lin. long, scarcely 1 lin. broad, very convex on one

side, having a raised rim around a flattish disk on the other, rugu-

lose with slender, irregular ridges, dull brown. Gomphocarpus

VOL. IV.—SEOT. I.—PART IV. Pp

578 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [Xysmalobiwm.

pachyglossus, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 35, Asele-

pias pachyglossa, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 455.

Katanart Recion: Basutoland, Cooper, 934! Orange River Colony, near

Witzies Hoek, 6300 ft., Bolus, 8112! Harrismith, Sankey, 1341 Transvaal ;

between Waterval River and Zuikerbosch Rand, Schlechter, 3493 !

EAsterN ReGIoN: Transkei; near Tsomo, Mrs. Barber, 864! Griqualand

East ; stony slopes around Kokstad, 5100 ft., Tyson, 1247! Haygarth in Herb.

Wood, 4212! Natal; Dargle Farm, Fannin, 41! Greenwich Farm, Riet Vlei,

Fry in Herb. Galpin, 2742! Weenen County, 3000-6000 ft., Sutherland !

Wood, 4370! near Van Reenen, Wood, 6633! near Nottingham Road, Wood,

6805! between Greytown and Newcastle, Wilms, 2137! Klip River, 3500-

4500 ft., Sutherland ! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 12388 !

Harvey’s type of this species is Fannin 41, with which the other specimens

quoted are identical, but Bolus, 5704, and Burchell, 4151, quoted by Scott-

Elliot under this species, do not belong to it. The former is X. asperwm, the

latter is too immature for determination ; it was collected between Rietfontein

and the source of Kasuga River, in Bathurst Div.,a region whence X. parvi-

forum is unknown,

15, X. asperum (N. E. Br.); plant probably branched at the

base; branches 1—1 ft. long, apparently more or less decumbent,

sparingly subhispid, chiefly bifariously ; leaves ascending-spreading ;

petiole 1-4 lin. long; blade 2-21 in. long, 43-9 lin. broad, ovate,

ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, rounded

or subeordate at the base, scabrid on both sides, narrowly revolute

or slightly thickened at the scabrid margins; umbels 2-6 to a

branch or occasionally solitary, lateral at the nodes and terminal,

peduneulate, 3-1 in. in diam., 10-20-flowered ; peduncles 1-12 in.

long, scabrid-pubescent on one side ; bracts 13-2 lin, long, subulate ;

pedicels 3-4 lin. long, scabrid-pubescent on one side ; sepals very

spreading or reflexed, 1-11 lin. long, }—3 lin. broad, lanceolate or

linear-lanceolate, acute, thinly and barshly pubescent on the back ;

corolla-lobes spreading or reflexed, 11-14 lin. long, 1}—1} lin. broad,

ovate, subobtuse, without a gibbosity on the inner face, glabrous on

both sides or with a very few hairs on the back, green (Rand),

often purple at the tips on the back ; corona-lobes arising close to

the base of the staminal column and about equalling or shorter than

it, erect or ascending-spreading, more or less contiguous, $—1; lin.

long, about % lin, broad, fleshy, ovoid, ellipsoid or subglobose,

obtuse, nearly as thick as broad, perhaps slightly compressed dorsally,

sometimes appearing slightly flattened on the back, at others on the

inner face, not keeled, apparently orange, ‘‘ dull yellow” (Rand) ;

staminal column 3-1 lin. long, not broadened at the base ; anther-

appendages transverse, rounded, inflexed on the margin of the

truncate style-apex; follicles 21-3 in. long, about $ in. thick,

lanceolate, acuminate, with about 9 longitudinal rows of stiff spine-

like processes 2-1 lin. long, glabrous. Gomphocarpus parviflorus,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 35, excl. syn. Xysmalobium

parviflorum, Harv. Asclepias sulphurea, S. Moore in Journ. Bot.

ny 312, and Rand, l.c. 339, doubtfully of Schlechter, see note on

p. 577.

Xysmalobium.] — ASCLEPIADE® (Brown), 579

KALAHARI REGION: Transvaal; around Pretoria, 4100 ft., McLea in Herb.

Bolus, 5704! Modderfontein, Conrath, 990! near Vlakfontein Beacon, Carolina

District, 6000 ft., Burtt Davy, 2966! Nelspruit, Rogers, 549! near Johannes-

burg, Rand, 1046! 1124! near Brug Spruit, 4600 ft., Schlechter, 3760 !

Eastern Reeion: Natal, Gerrard, 1951! Swaziland; near Embabaan

(Mbabane), 5000-5600 ft., Bolws, 12143,

The specimen in Herb, Bolus, mentioned by Dr. Schlechter under Gompho-

carpus parviflorus, without quotation of number or locality, I learn from Dr,

Bolus is his No. 5704, from near Pretoria. Gerrard 1951 has oblong-lanceo-

late leaves, rounded at the base, but does not otherwise differ from the more

cordate-leaved typical form, and is connected with it by Burtt Davy’s 2966 with

lanceolate, rounded-based leaves.

16. X. tysonianum (N. E. Br.); stems probably several from a

tuber, branching at the base only, 6-9 in. long, apparently decumbent,

more or less pubescent, with short spreading jointed hairs; leaves

5-8 pairs to a stem or branch, 3-14 in. distant, spreading; petiole

1-2 lin, long; blade 3-2 in. long, 4-8 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate

or oblong-lanceolate, acute at the apex, broadly cuneate, rounded or

slightly subcordate at the base, flat, thinly pubescent on both sides

with spreading hairs; umbel solitary, terminal, pedunculate, hemi-

spherical, 16-20-flowered; peduncle 14-4 in. long, pubescent ;

bracts 11 lin, long, subulate, pubescent, very deciduous ; pedicels

3 lin. long, pubescent with short spreading hairs ; sepals 14-1} lin.

long, about + lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, pubescent ; corolla about

2 lin. in diam., pubescent outside, glabrous within, yellow or

greenish-yellow; lobes 11-11 lin. long, 1-11 lin. broad, ovate or

elliptic-ovate, subacute, erect, incurved at the apex over the corona,

the sides slightly folded back at the lower half; corona-lobes arising

about 1 lin. above the base of the staminal column and shortly

overtopping it, 3-1 lin. long, 1-2 (or when dorsally pressed $) lin.

broad, erect, not contiguous (unless dorsally pressed), thick and

fleshy, compressed-oblong (or elliptic from dorsal pressure), obtuse,

slightly incurved upon the anther-tips at the apex, flat on the inner

face, very convex on the back ; staminal column 1 lin. long; anthers

very small, erect, quadrate, their appendages reniform, erect, applied

to the margin of the style-apex, and their wings small and not very

conspicuous; style-apex cushion-like, not exceeding the anther-

appendages ; follicle solitary, erect upon a deflexed pedicel, lanceo-

late, gradually tapering into a beak, smooth, puberulous. Gompho-

carpus tysonianus, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1895, 271 in note,

name only. Asclepias tysoniana, Schlechter in Journ, Bot, 1895,

358. Pachyacris capensis, Schlechter, l.c. 358 in note.

Eastern Recion;: Griqualand East; Mount Carrie, 6500 fc., Tyson, 1853!

and in MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 1314! in stony places

around Fort Donald, 4500 ft., Tyson, 1748! Ingeli Mountain, 7000 ft., Suther-

land ! Vaal Bank, near Kokstad, Haygarth in Herb. Wood, 4184!

17. X. prunelloides (Turez. in Bull. Soc. Mose. 1848, xxi., pt. i.

254) ; plant 6-9 in. high, branching at the base only into numerous

stems, which are roughly pubescent along two broad lines; leaves

Pp2

580 ASCLEPIADEE (Brown). [ Xysmalobium.

3-7 pairs to a stem, 1-2 in. distant, spreading ;:petiole 13-2} lin.

long; blade 3-13 in. long, 4-7 lin. broad, ovate, acute, broadly

rounded, slightly subeordate or occasionally broadly cuneate at the

base, flat, rather thinly covered with rather soft spreading hairs on

both sides ; umbels solitary on each branch, terminal, pedunculate,

14-30-flowered, hemispherical or subglobose, about 1 in. in diam. ;

peduncle usually 2-3 in. long, in weak specimens much shorter,

erect, thinly covered with spreading hairs, and often with a minute

pubescence besides ; bracts about 1} lin. long, subulate, deciduous ;

pedicels 3-43 lin. long, pubescent with spreading hairs; sepals

1-11 lin. long, 2-1 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, pubescent ; corolla

about 22 lin. in diam., glabrous inside, thinly pubescent with rather

long spreading hairs outside, brownish or greenish-brown ; lobes

1-18 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, ascending, elliptic, subobtuse ; corona-

lobes arising slightly above the base of the staminal column, and

reaching to about the same level, slightly divergent-spreading,

2-3 lin. long, 4 to rather more than 4 lin. broad, linear-oblong to

narrowly ovate, obtuse, rather thick and fleshy, in the dried state

they sometimes appear to be slightly keeled down the inner face,

probably due to shrinkage in drying; staminal column 7 lin. long ;

anthers quadrate, their appendages suborbicular, inflexed over and

nearly concealing the truneate apex of the style ; follicles not seen.

X. pedunculatum, Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 8, t. 112. Gomphocarpus

prunelloides, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 35, in note.

G. harveyanus, Schlechter in Journ. Bot, 1895, 270. Asclepias

harveyana, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 456.

Coast Recion: Fort Beaufort Div.; common in the valleys of the Winter-

berg Range, 5000-6000 ft., Ecklon, 41! Mrs. Barber, 82! Stockenstrom Div. ;

grassy slopes of the Kat Berg, 4000 ft., Galpin, 1731! ridges east of Great Kat

Berg, Scully, 178!

18. X. Baurii (N. E. Br.); stems several, branching at the

decumbent base only, 4-6 in. long, more or less pubescent with

short spreading jointed hairs; leaves about 4 pairs to stem,

3-18 in, distant, spreading ; petiole 1-2 lin. long; blade 3-1 in.

long, 3-6 lin. broad, ovate or elongated-ovate, acute, subcordate at

the base, subcoriaceous, flat, thinly covered on both sides with short

spreading hairs and ciliate with the same; umbel solitary, terminal,

- pedunculate, hemispherical, about 20-flowered ; pedunele 13-23 in.

long, shortly hairy with jointed hairs ; bracts 1-1} lin. long, subulate

or linear, pubescent, persistent during the flowering period ; pedicels

3 lin. long, pubescent with short spreading hairs ; sepals 1 lin. long,

2 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, pubescent with spreading hairs on the

back; corolla about 3 in. in diam., rotate, thinly pubescent outside,

glabrous within, white, tipped with purple at least on the outside ;

lobes very spreading, but not reflexed, 11-1} lin. long, 1 lin. broad,

ovate, minutely notched at the subobtuse apex ; corona-lobes arising

near the base of the staminal column and nearly reaching to the

same level, erect, contiguous, 2 lin. long and broad, fleshy, orbicular

-Xysmalobium. | - ASCLEPIADER (Brown). 581

in outline, and probably subglobose in the living state, very obtuse ;

staminal column % lin. long; anthers erect, quadrate, their appen-

dages-reniform, erect, applied to the margin of the very dilated

style-apex,and their wings small and nearly concealed by the corona-

lobes ; style-apex dilated so as to somewhat overhang the anther-

cells, truncate, cushion-like, slightly depressed in the centre.

EasTeRN ReGion: Tembuland; near Bazeia, 3500 ft., Baur, 730!

Very similar to X. prunelloides, Turez., in general appearance, but the

different colour of the rotate (not campanulate) corolla, and the very different

corona-lobes, easily distinguish it.

Imperfeetly known species.

19. X. ambiguum (N. E. Br.); “stem simple, firm, somewhat

‘compressed above, pubescent; leaves oblong-lanceolate or linear-

lanceolate, attenuate, undulate, coriaceous, glabrous, tapering into a

very short petiole; peduncles none; pedicels short, pubescent,

accompanied by setaceous bracteoles ; corona-lobes rounded, shorter

than the gynostegium ; corolla-lobes glabrous ; follicles of Gompho-

carpus fruticosus.” X. wndulatum, Decne in DO. Prodr. viii. 519,

not,of R. Br.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, tn Herb. Delessert, ex Decaasne.

Unknown to me; the above is a translation of Decaisne’s description.

XIII. PERIGLOSSUM, Decne.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla 5-lobed nearly to the base; lobes

narrowly overlapping in bud. Corona of 5 lobes arising at the base

of the staminal column, alternating with the corolla-lobes, very

shortly connate at the base, erect, spathulate-oblong, spathulate-

sagittate or linear-oblong, with a transverse ridge or flap and often

2 keels on the inner face, with a long and distinct or minute and

rudimentary slender filiform process alternating with them at the

base. Staminal column arising from the base of the corolla, sub-

globose from being constricted at the apex and base ; anthers with a

broad thin and membranous connective, terminated by a membranous

appendage, the cells firmer, extending quite to the base of the

¢olumn, slightly inflated and much curved. outwards, not horny on

the margins, except at the apex, where they project as small

triangular acute wings. Pollen-masses solitary in each cell, pendu-

lous, subclavately subterete, semicireularly curved, opaque at the

attached end, much flattened and semitransparent at the truncate

free end, attached in pairs to a very minute black horny pollen-

carrier by rather stout caudicles, which are twice as long as the

pollen masses, but entirely contained in the anther-cells, doubly

curved or somewhat §-like, enlarged’ and slightly excavated where

582 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [Periglosswm.

attached to the pollen-masses. Sfyle not exserted beyond and

mostly covered by the anther-appendages.

Perennial erect herbs; rootstock a tuber; stem solitary, simple; leaves

linear, erect or spreading; umbels 2-4, racemosely arranged along the upper

part of the stem, pedunculate, globose, densely 6- to many-flowered ; pedicels

4- lin. long.

Distris. Species 4, endemic, very similar to one another in general

appearance.

Closely allied to Cordylogyne and united with that genus by Bentham, but the

presence of filaments alternating with the corona-lobes and the remarkable

differences in the anthers and pollen-masses (which 3 characters are not noted

by any previous author), combined with the much longer style, have induced me

to retain Periglossum as a distinct genus. The exsertion of the style is the

only distinction other authors have noted, but as species with and without an

exserted style occur in several genera, it would seem to be of no generic value if

taken alone. The umbels of Periglosswm are also usually more numerous,

and their peduncles and pedicels very much shorter than in Cordylogyne. Dr.

Schlechter also upholds the two genera, but gives no word of distinction. :

Blade of the corona-lobes sagittate-ovate, as long as

the stalk; alternating filaments filiform, 3-1? lin. HS

Beng ORO? Gre Boag: een, ene) engustifeian,

Blade of the corona-lobes oblong or lanceolate-oblong

to elliptic-oblong, 2-24 times as long as the stalk :

Filaments alternating with the corona-lobes,

filiform, about 1 lin. long is eee a

Filaments alternating with the corona-lobes,

minute or rudimentary :

. Leaves suberect ; corona-lobes. with a stout

longitudinal double keel on the upper :

half and 2 slender contiguous keels below (3) kassnerlanum.

Leaves very spreading; corona - lobes

thickened at the apex, without any ~— iy

longitudinal keel... rege see eee (4) ~ MoKeni,

(2) mossambicense.

1. P. angustifolium (Decne in DC. Prodr. viii, 520); stem

solitary, 1-22 ft. high, simple, more or less unifariously or bifariously

puberulous at the upper part, glabrous below ; leaves erect to spread-

ing, 13-5 in. long, 1-11 lin, broad, linear, acute, with revolute

margins, glabrous on both sides or the midrib puberulous beneath ;

umbels 2-5, racemosely arranged, pedunculate, dense, globose, about

&% in, in diam., many-flowered; bracts 13-2 lin. long, subulate,

slightly puberulous ; pedicels 1—3 lin, long, puberulous ; sepals 2 lin.

long, 2-1 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, puberulous with somewhat

tortuous hairs; corolla-lobes erect or but slightly spreading, about

3 lin. long, 12-11 lin. broad, linear-oblong, somewhat abruptly

acute, glabrous on both sides; corona-lobes arising at the base of

the staminal column and slightly overtopping it, 13-24 lin. long,

erect, stalked, with the blade about as long as the linear stalk,

1-11 lin. broad, broadly sagittate-ovate, obtuse, with 2 prominent

contiguous keels on the inner face, which are capped at their apex

by a transverse keel or flap aeross the thickened top of the lobes +

alternating filaments at the base of the lobes 2-13 lin. long, filiform,

often resting in the channel on the back of the anthers ; staminal

Periglossum. | ASCLEPIADEX (Brown). 583

column 12 lin. long, subglobose ; anther-cells slightly inflated, much

curved on the back; anther-appendages rather narrow, oblong-

lanceolate, subobtuse, horizontally inflexed on the small style-apex

from the triangularly thickened truncate apex of the connective ;

pollen-masses semicircularly curved, subterete at the attached opaque

end, thin, flat, translucent and truncate at the free end, attached by

very long stout doubly eurved or §-like caudicles to a very minute

black pollen-carrier. Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45,

10, and Journ. Bot. 1896, 450. Cordylogyne globosa, Meisn. in

Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1848, 546 (by error 446); Krauss in

Flora, 1844, 827, not of E. Meyer.

Coast Rzeion: Komgha Div.; near Komgha, Flanagan, 590, and in

MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr., 1502 !

KALAHARI RxEGIoN: ‘Transvaal; Magaliesberg Range, Burke! Johannes-

burg, Mrs. Hutton, 302! Modderfontein, Conrath, 981!

Eastern Recion: Transkei; by the Illetooli stream, Mrs. Barber, 823!

Tsomo, Mrs. Barber (or Bowker), 860! Tembuland; Jackals Kop, Bolus, 10184!

Engcobo Mountain, Bolus, 10185! Griqualand Hast ; around Kokstad, 5000 ft.,

Tyson, 1360! Natal; Lynedoch, 4000-5000 ft., Wood, 4547! near Charlestown,

Wood, 5548! Congella, 40 ft., Schlechter, 3070! Hilton Road, Schlechter,

6768! Maritzburg, Krauss, 171! Mrs. Hutton, 307! and without precise

locality, Gerrard, 1293! Mrs. Fannin, 89!

2. P. mossambicense (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 33, fig.

2); plant 1-2 ft. high, with 1-4 simple stems, unifariously puberu-

lous on the upper part, with 5-7 internodes ; leaves erect or ascend-

ing-spreading, 21-41 in. long, 2—1 lin. broad, linear, acute, with

revolute margins, glabrous; umbels 1-3 to a stem, lateral at the

nodes and terminal, pedunculate, globose, about 6-8-flowered ;

peduncles 2-1 in. long, puberulous on one side; pedicels scarcely

+ lin. long; sepals 14 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, with

a few scattered minute hairs on the back ; corolla-lobes 23-3 lin.

long, 1 lin. broad, suberect, narrowly oblong, subacute, glabrous on

both sides; corona-lobes erect, overtopping the staminal column,

2-21 lin. long, = lin. broad, stalked, with a lanceolate-oblong obtuse

blade about 22 times as long as the linear stalk and abruptly rounded

(or tapering, according to Schlechter) into it, with a small transverse

semicircular tubercle at the middle on the inner face, decurrent as

2 slight keels, which are not discernible on some dried specimens ;

alternating with the lobes at the base are 5 filiform segments about

1 lin. long ; staminal column 1% lin. long, much contracted at the

base and under the anther-appendages, which are very large, deltoid

or triangular in outline, but longer than broad, obtuse, keeled down

the inner face, erectly connivent much above the small obtuse style-

apex, which is shortly produced beyond the pollen-carriers; pollen-

masses flattened, curved, obtuse at both ends, semitransparent at the

free end; caudicles nearly twice as long as the pollen-masses, doubly

curved near the middle, the upper part straight, the lower incurved ;

pollen-carrier minute, black.

EastEgn Reoton: Delagoa Bay, Junod, 189!

584 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Periglossum.

Also in Tropical Africa.

The figures of the anther and pollinia, as given by Schlechter, are very

inaccurate,

3. P. kassnerianum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb, xx. Beibl.

51, 40); plant 2-1 (2-14 ft., Schlechter) ft. high; stem’ solitary,

simple, slender, more or less puberulous on the upper part; leaves

erect or ascending, 23-3} in. long, } lin. broad, linear-filiform, with

revolute margins, acute, glabrous ; umbels 1-3, pedunculate, globose,

densely many-flowered, 3-2 in. in diam.; peduncles 4-2} in. long ;

bracts 12 lin. long, linear-subulate; pedicels very’ short, scarcely

2 lin, long, puberulous; sepals 13-2 lin. long, $ lin. broad, lanceo-

late, acute, puberulous; corolla-lobes 3 lin. long, 14. lin. broad,

oblong-lanceolate, acute, suberect, slightly concave at the basal part,

slightly convex with revolute margins above, recurved at the apex,

glabrous on both sides, apparently greenish, more or less tinted with

purple-brown on the back; corona-lobes much overtopping the

staminal column, erect and slightly incurved-connivent at the middle,

2-22 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, stalked, with the oblong or ovate-oblong

obtuse blade about 23 times as long as the linear stalk, cordate or

cordate-sagittate at the base, concave on the back, thickened on the

upper half of the inner face into a stout 2-ridged keel, which ends

at the middle of the lobe in a small flap resting on the top of the

basal keels ; alternating with the lobes at their base are 5 minute

almost rudimentary filaments; staminal column 14 lin. long, sub-

globose ; anther-cells curved on the back, very firm, with a mem-

branous connective between them, triangularly thickened. at. the

truncate apex, from which, in ‘young flowers, the broadly ovate

obtuse anther-appendages are horizontally inflexed, vverlap and form

a pentagonal white canopy, entirely concealing the small knob-like

style-apex and top of the column, but are soon eaten away by insects ;

pollen-masses flattened, crescent-like, obtuse at both ends, slightly

translucent near the free end ; eaudicles about twice as long as the

pollen-masses, slender, slightly curved at the upper half, shortly and

abruptly very much curved at the lower half, attached to a minute

black pollen-carrier. Schilechter‘in Journ, Bot, 1896,'450.

Katanart Reeion: Transvaal; near Rustenberg, 4000 ft., Miss Pegler,

1010! 1022! near Klein Olifants River, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 4043! Modder-

fontein, Conrath, 982! : #3 ;

4. P. McKenii (Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 7, t. 111) ; stem 2-2} ft.

high, unifariously (bifariously, Harvey) puberulous on the upper

part, with internodes 14-31 in. long; leaves sessile, widely spread-

ing, 31-42 in. long, 3-11 lin. broad, linear, acute, with revolute

margins, glabrous above, puberulous on the midrib beneath ; umbels

about 5, lateral at the nodes, pedunculate, globose, about } in. in

diam., many-flowered ; peduncles 3-2 in. long, puberulous along

one side; pedicéls 2-1 lin. long, puberulous; sepals: 14-1} lin.

Periglossum.] ASCLEPIADE& (Brown), 585

long, 2-2 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, thinly puberulous; corolla-

lobes suberect, 23-3 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad, narrowly oblong or

lanceolate-oblong, somewhat acute, glabrous on both sides; corona-

lobes erect, overtopping the staminal column, 13~22 lin. long, ? lin.

broad, spathulate, with an oblong or elliptic-oblong obtuse blade

about twice as long as the linear stalk and variably tapering or

subtruncately contracted into it, or sometimes linear-oblong with

scarcely any evident stalk, thickened around the apex and with a

transverse tubercle or ridge at the middle on the inner face, but no

keels ; alternating filaments at the base of the lobes very minute or

rudimentary ; staminal column 1} lin. long, subglobose, contracted

under the anther-appendages, which are horizontally inflexed over

the very small knob-like style-apex;. anther-cells curved ; pollen-

masses flattened, crescent-like, obtuse at both ends, slightly trans-

lucent at the free end ; caudicles about twice as long as the pollen-

masses, sigmoid-curved at the middle, straight above and below.

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 450.

' Eastern RecGion; Natal; near Durban, McKen, 664! Gueinzius!

The floral details as figured by Harvey are not very accurate, the anther and

‘pollen-masses are quite wrong; the figure of the plant, however, is excellent.

‘Possibly Wood, 7377, from near Durban, may belong here, but I have not

oe it. By a misprint the name in the text is spelt M’Kenit, but not on

the plate. re . saber

XIV. CORDYLOGYNE, E. Meyer.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla 5-lobed nearly to the base; lobes

marrowly overlapping in bud. Corona of 5 free lobes arising at. the

base of the staminal column, alternating with the corolla-lobes, erect,

‘Subspathulate-hastate or linear-oblong with a triangular tooth on

‘each side at the middle, with two keels and a transverse ridge or

flap on the inner face, without any processes alternating with them

‘at the base. Staminal column arising from the base of the corolla,

‘cylindric, not contracted at the apex or base; anthers with a broad

thin membranous connective and slightly firmer cells, terminated. by

“a membranous appendage ; cells extending quite to the base of the

‘corona-lobes, not inflated, straight, not curved outwards. Pollen-

‘masses solitary in each cell, pendulous, flattened, linear-oblong,

‘slightly curved, tapering to an acute point at the attached ‘end,

which is thinner than the rest of the mass and semitransparent,

attached in-pairs to the very minute black horny pollen-carriers

by slender caudicles, which are shorter than the pollen-masses and

‘angularly bent, with an angular projection at the middle. Style

produced much beyond the erect anther appendages. Follicles

marrowly fusiform. Seeds crowned by a tuft of hairs.

- Perennial erect herb ; rootstock tuberous ; leaves linear, erect or ascending;

umbels globose, terminal, long-peduncled, solitary or 2 (rarely 3-4) to a stem;

. long.

586 ASCLEPIADEE (Brown). [Cordylogyne.

1. C. globosa (E. Meyer, Comm. 218); plant 121. ft. high, with

1 or more stems, simple or branched at the base, puberulous on one

side of the upper part, with the lower internodes short and the

middle and upper 11-8 in. long ; leaves ereet or ascending, 1-3} in.

long, 1—14 lin. broad, linear, acute, with revolute margins, glabrous;

umbel solitary and terminal or 2-4 to a stem and racemose,

subglobose, 10-25-flowered ; peduncles 1-10 in. long, erect,

puberulous on one side or all round; pedieels 13-3 lin. long,

puberulous; sepals suberect, 1-1} lin. long, 2 lin. broad, lanceolate

or ovate, acute, puberulous ; corolla-lobes 2-25 lin. long, 3-1 lin.

broad, oblong, obtuse, erect, recurved or shortly revolute at the

tips, glabrous on both sides ; corona-lobes erect, 1 lin. long, about

2 lin. broad at the upper part, subspathulate-hastate. or linear-oblong,

with a triangular projection on each side at about the middle, very

obtuse, flat on the back, with a transverse ridge-like or broadly

deltoid flap above the middle of the inner face pressed down upon

the tops of the closely contiguous and rather inconspicuous keels ;

staminal column 1-12 lin. long ; anther-appendages ovate or oblong,

very obtuse, concave, erect around the base of the stout clavate style-

apex, which is produced }—$ lin. beyond them and the corona-lobes,

often globose at the top; follicles solitary, erect, about 3 in.

long, 2 in, thick, narrowly fusiform, nearly equally tapering at both

ends, puberulous; seeds about 3 in. long and % in. broad, ovate,

flattish, with broad margins, minutely papillate rugulose or sub-

scabrid on the disk on both sides, light brown. Harv. Gen. S.

Afr. Pl. ed. 1, 226; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 518; Delessert, Ic.

Pl. y. 27, t.64; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 41;

xxi. Beibl. 54, 10; and Journ. Bot. 1896, 450; K. Schum. in

Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 234, fig. 68, L.

SoutH ArRica: without locality, Zeyher, 1170!

Coast Rea@ion : Queenstown Div.; between Table Mountain and the Zwart-

kei River, Drage, 3431! damp places by streams and springs, Mrs. Barber !

CENTRAL Recion: Graaff Reinet Div.; Sneeuwberg Range, 5000 ft., Bolus,

2634! Colesberg Div. ; Slengersfontein, Drége / near Colesberg, Shaw / Hanover

Div.; near Hanover, Sim, 2862 !

* Kananart Reoion: Griqualand West; Campbell, Burchell, 1809! 1836!

Orange River Colony; Sand Drift, Burke! Transvaal ; Bergendal, 6000 ft.

Schlechter, 4015!

Eastern Recion: Natal; near Charlestown, 5000-6000 ft., Wood, 4797!

51421 5648! Greenwich Farm, Riet Viey, Fry in Herb. Galpin, 2738!

Mohlamba Range, Sutherland ! near Newcastle, Wood, 6227 !

According to Mr, Medley Wood the flowers are green and white.

XV. KREBSIA, Harv. (not of Eckl. & Zeyh.)

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla 5-lobed nearly to the base ; lobes sub-

erect or campanulately spreading, concave at the lower part, recurved

at the tips. Corona-lobes 5, arising at or near the base of the

staminal column, exceeding the corolla, simple, erect, narrowly

Krebsia.] ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 587

lanceolate, strongly keeled all down the back and more or less

acutely triquetrous in transverse section, with a rhomboid wing-like

dilation on the back at the base, tapering above into an acute

incurved-hooked apex, without an appendage on the inner face.

Stamens united into a cylindric column around and with the style;

filamental part very short or almost none; anthers erect, tipped with

a membranous appendage. Pollen-masses solitary in each cell,

pendulous, attached in pairs by slender caudicles to the pollen-

carriers, which are seated much below the margin of the style-apex.

Style not exceeding the anther-appendages, depressed-truncate or

shallowly crater-like with a thickened margin at the apex. ollicles

not seen,

Perennial herbs, probably with a tuberous rootstock ; leaves linear ; umbels

lateral at the nodes, subglobose, very shortly pedunculate ; flowers small. ©

Distris, Species 2, endemic.

Harvey (Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 2, 238) founded the genus Krebsia upon Mrs.

F, W. Barber and H. Bowker’s 2938, and Gerrard’s 1309, without giving a

specific name, and I retain it solely on account of its coronal structure, for

besides the dorsal keel and basal wings at the back of the corona-lobes, there is

little to distinguish it from Schizoglosswm. Schlechter has referred to this

genus (entirely on account of its similarity in appearance and disregarding its

coronal structure) another species, which has the structure of Xysmalobiwm,

under which genus I have placed it.

Pedicels about 1 lin. long; corona-lobes 3—4 lin. long G corniculata,

Pedicels 13-3 lin. long; corona-lobes 24 lin. long ... (2) stenoglossa,

1. K. corniculata (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 40) ;

stems 4-8 in. high, simple or branched at the base, bifariously

puberulous ; leaves ascending or somewhat spreading, 2-3} in. long,

2-12 lin, broad, linear, acute, with revolute. margins; umbels

pedunculate or subsessile, 3—-8-flowered, globose ; peduncle 1—4} lin.

long ; bracts 1-3 lin. long, linear-subulate, glabrous ; pedicels about

1 lin. long, rather stout, puberulous; sepals 2-2} lin. long, $ lin.

broad, lanceolate, acute, glabrous ; corolla-lobes 3 lin. long, 14-1} lin.

broad, oblong, obtusely pointed, erect, concave at the basal part,

convex and recurved-revolute at the tips, glabrous on both sides

with a velvety sheen on the surface of the apical part, whitish;

corona-lobes erect, exserted beyond the corolla, 3—4 lin. long, nearly

1 lin. broad at the base, lanceolate, gradually tapering to a subulate

ineurved-hooked apex, prominently and acutely keeled down the

back, with a rhomboid expansion on the back at the base, flattish or

perhaps slightly channelled on the inner face, apparently purple-

brown with paler margins; staminal column about 1} lin. long;

anther-appendages ovate, acute, with their tips inflexed over the

rim of the shallowly crater-like style-apex. Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 8, and Journ, Bot. 1896, 450. Lagarinthus

corniculatus, E. Meyer, Comm, 208. Gomphocarpus corniculatus,

Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 901 ; Deene in DC. Prodr, viii. 561.

Coast Reaion: Fort Beaufort Div.; hills near the Kat River, Drege (ex

E. Meyer) ; Queenstown Div. ; Table Mountain, 5000 ft., Drége, 3423 !

588 “ASCLEPIADEX (Brown). [Krebsia.

Centrat Recion: Aliwal North Div.; Elands Hoek, near Aliwal North,

Bolus, 10570!

Katanart REGION: Transvaal; Makapans Poort, near Potgeiters Rust,

4250 ft., Schlechter, 4316 and near Barberton, Thorncroft (ex Schlechter).

Eastern Reoton: Natal; by the Buffalo River, Gerrard, 1309! 2162!

2, K. stenoglossa (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 40,

in note); stems 6-10 in. high, simple or branched near the base,

rather slender, bifariously puberulous except at the base; leaves

erect or ascending, 2-32 in. long, 3-1} lin, broad, linear, acute,

with revolute margins, glabrous; umbels pedunculate or subsessile,

5-10-flowered, subglobose ; peduncles 1-5 lin. long; pedicels 13-3

lin. long; sepals 13 lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute,

slightly puberulous; corolla-lobes 2-2} lin. long, about 1 lin. broad,

erect, oblong-lanceolate, subacute, concave at the basal part, convex

and recurved at the apex, which is minutely papillate on the inner

face, elsewhere glabrous, yellowish-green (Ars. Barber); corona-

lobes erect, exserted beyond the corolla, about 25 lin. long and

3 lin. broad near the base, lanceolate, gradually tapering to a

subulate incurved-hooked apex, prominently and acutely keeled

down the back, with a rhomboid expansion on the back at the base,

flattish or perhaps slightly concave-channelled on the inner face,

apparently dark purple with whitish margins ; staminal column

1-12 lin. long; anther-appendages broadly ovate, obtuse or acute,

erect, with their tips incurved over the margin of the depressed

style-apex. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 450. Gomphocarpus

stenoglossus, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1894, 257.

Coast Region : Queenstown Div.; Lesseyton Nek, 3900 ft., Schonberg in

Herb. Galpin, 2572 ! ; :

Eastern RxGion: Transkei; Kreilis County, Mrs. Barber, 293! Bowker,

293! Swaziland; near Mafutane, 1500 ft., Bolus, 12115!

I follow Schlechter in retaining this as specifically distinct from K. cornicu-

lata, for although it can scarcely be distinguished by structural characters, yet

its different appearance, much smaller flowers, longer pedicels and puberulous

sepals, seem to point to some other difference than is noticeable in dried

specimens. Harvey (by his quotation of Mrs. Barber, 293, and Gerrard, 1

evidently considered both to belong to one species. In appearance K. steno-

glossa is exactly like Xysmalobium carinatum, N. E. Br., and Schizoglossum

periglossoides, and dried specimens can, scarcely be distinguished from each

other, except by dissecting the flowers.

XVI. SCHIZOGLOSSUM, E. Meyer.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla deeply 5-lobed, often nearly to the

base, rotate, reflexed, or the lobes campanulately spreading or erect,

or rarely connate at the tips, overlapping in bud. Corona of 5 lobes

arising from the staminal column opposite the anthers, erect, dorsally

flattened, usually thin, at least in dried flowers, rarely ‘very thick

and fleshy, never complicate, but.sometimes with slightly infolded

margins, often produced into a subulate or filiform point at the apex,

Schizoglossum. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown.) 589.

and furnished with 2 keels and often with 1 or 2 lobes, filiform

points, teeth or other appendages on the inner face, rarely without

keels or appendages. Staminal column arising from the base of

the corolla, united above with the dilated top of the style;

anthers erect, terminated: by membranous appendages, which are

inflexed over the top of the style or erect. Style truncate or

depressed at the apex. Follicle usually solitary by abortion,

narrowly fusiform, beaked, smooth or covered with subulate pro-

cesses. Seeds crowned with a tuft of hairs.

Perennial herbs, with a tuberous rootstock and erect or rarely decumbent,

usually slender stems; leaves opposite, alternate or whorled, linear to elliptic,

sometimes cordate or hastate at the base; flowers often small, in pedunculate or

sessile umbels, lateral at the nodes and terminal.

Distr1B. Species about 120, the others in Tropical Africa,

This genus presents to the student unusual difficulties in the determination of

the species, because the external appearance of the stem, leaves and flowers is

often alike in a whole group of species, whilst the structure of their corona-

lobes and often the staminal column is entirely different. On the other hand,

their foliage is sometimes so variable that two individuals with flowers that are

identical in structure are totally different in appearance. It is frequently

scarcely possible to name a species by comparison, without dissecting the

flowers, In dried specimens the coronal structure is often so much altered and

more or less obliterated by pressure, that it is frequently necessary to examine

several flowers before their true structure can be determined. In some cases

this does not appear to have been done, hence the discrepancies in some exist-

ing descriptions, Sometimes it is nearly or quite impossible to decide from

dried flowers if the corona-lobe is continuous with the point, or whether the

latter is an appendage arising from the apex of the inner face; in a few species

both conditions appear to occur, The length and entireness of the point or appen-

dage of the corona-lobes are sometimes variable to a limited extent in the same

species, as is also the pubescence on the inner face of the corolla-lobes. As

pointed out in the Flora of Tropical Africa (iv. i. 358), it is not possible to

draw a rigid technical distinction between Schizoglossum and Xysmalobium, and

S. crassipes might with almost equal right be placed in the latter genus, its

corona-lobes being very similar to those of X. brownianwm. Some plants which

might perhaps be sought for here should be looked for in Krebsia, which only

differs in the peculiar character of its corona-lobes. The pupillation or pubes-

cence on the inner face of the corolla-lobes is often nearly or quite invisible when

the flowers are wetted for dissection. I have been enabled to identify the

majority of the species (of this and other genera) described by Dr. Schlechter,

owing to the kindness of Dr. Harry Bolus of Cape Town, who has portions ot

the type specimens of most of them, presented to him by Dr. Schlechter, and

has most liberally lent his collection of ‘Asclepiads to Kewe

Umbel solitary, terminal; corona-lobes produced into

a long subulate or filiform’ point behind a shorter

subulate-filiform appendage on the inner face (see also :

8. pilosum) a ee swe (59) capitatum.

Umbels 2 or more to a stem or branch, occasional

solitary and terminal in 42, S. pilosum; 43, S.

pulchellum ; 49, 8. Conrathii; 60, S. restioides, and

72, S. Buchanani:

* Umbels all pedunculate or the uppermost occa-

sionally sessile; corona-lobes never produced into

a subulate point behind their appendage when the

latter is present :

“aes .

590 ASCLEP{ADEZ (Brown). [Schizoglossum.

+ Corona-lobes with an appendage (which is simple,

bifid or divided into a pair, sometimes on the

same specimen) arising from their inner face,

or if apparently apical, then the true apex of

the lobe at least forms a transverse rim or

margin behind the base of the appendage :

+ Appendage at least half as long as the corona-

lobe and exceeding the latter (but often in-

flexed from it) by from half to nearly all its

length when placed in a line with it :

§ Leaves varying from linear-hastate to oblong

or orbicular-ovate, hastate, cordate or trun-

cate at the base ;

|| Corolla-lobes replicate (folded back length-

wise) or with reflexed margins :

Corolla-lobes 2}-3} lin. long; umbels

compactly corymbose or racemosely

arranged :

Peduncles 5-15 lin, long ; appendage of

corona-lobes 4-1 lin, long; anther-

wings broadest at the base...

Peduncles 0-5 lin, long; appendage of

corona-lobes 14-1} lin. long ; anther-

wings broadest and angular near the

(1) cordifolium,

middle .,, $e ae te9 ... (2) ingomense.

Corolla-lobes less than 2 lin. long ; umbels

racemosely very crowded ax ... (14) pachyglossum.

| \|Corolla-lobes concave or nearly fiat, the

margins not reflexed :

Flowers 10-60 in an umbel; corona-lobes

with a dorsal channel and an apical

lobule overhanging it behind the base

of the acute or bifid appendage - .. (3) atropurpureum,

Flowers 3-15 in an umbel; corona-lobes

without a dorsal channel or apical

lobule, but sometimes with recurved

margins :

Corolla-lobes 3-5 lin. long; corona-lobes

with an appendage 4-14 in, long, and

the keels on their inner face nearly

4 the breadth of the lobe distant from

the margin :

Corolla-lobes rounded or very obtuse

at the apex ; appendage of corona-

lobes normally deeply bifid or

bipartite ... ese ons ... (4) hamatum,

Corolla-lobes acute or subobtuse; ap-

pendage of corona-lobes normall

shortly trifid ac, ote ... (18) decipiens.

Corolla-lobes 2-3 lin. long ; corona-lobes

with an appendage 3- lin. long : :

Corona-lobes with the base of the ap-

pen 4-4 as broad as the lobe,

and the keels on their inner face

about 4 the breadth of the lobe

distant from the margins ... ... (5) tridentatum.

Corona-lobes with the base of the ap-

pendage } or more than 4 as broad

us the lobe, and the keels on their

Schizoglosswum. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown),

inner face much less than } of the

breadth of the lobe distant from

the margins :

Internodes 3-14 in. long; corona-

lobes rounded at the apex ... (6) virens.

Internodes mostly 4-4 in, long;

corona-lobes emarginate, bifid or

591

subtruncate at the apex .,, ... (7) euphorbioides.

§§Leaves filiform or linear, 3-2 lin, broad, not

hastate at the base; corona-lobes with a

subulate or deltoid-linear point or appendage

at or just below the apex of the inner face,

with a rim or margin behind its base:

Plant 4-1} ft. high; stem usually simple, or -

branching from injury; leaves on the

flowering part shorter than or not twice

as long as the internodes ;

Peduncles 3-84 in. long; corolla-lobes 13-2

lin, long, minutely puberulous on the

inner face or at its base .,, ay ..»» (21) linifolium.

Peduncles ;};-2 in. long; corolla-lobes 1-1}

lin. long, glabrous on the inner face ;

Corona-lobes subquadrate, truncate, form-

ing a distinct transverse rim behind

the 4-3 lin. long apical appendage .,, (66) Bolusii.

Corona-lobes oblong-ovate or somewhat

rhomboid-ovate, not forming a trans-

verse rim behind the point or apical

appendage dies hae sé .. (73) parvulum,

Plant branching at the base, 6-10 in, high,

with the leaves on the flowering

several times as long as the internodes .., (24) garcianum.

ttAppendage usually not half as long as the corona-

lobe, or if half as long, then not exceeding the

lobe by half its length when placed in a line

with it, mostly shorter than, equalling or but

shortly exceeding the lobe:

§ Corolla-lobes 2}-34 lin. long; leaves mostly

24-15 lin, broad at the middle:

Appendage of corona-lobes directed over the

staminal column, or if ascending then not

parallel with the body of the lobe, divided

cea 2 subulate segments, rarely linear and

ifid ;

Corona-lobes cuneately subquadrate, broadest

at thetop... . _.. (1) cordifolium,

Corona-lobes elongate-ovate, broadest at the

var.

slightly cordate base... . (9) quadridens,

Appendage of corona-lobes erect, parallel with

the body of the lobe, deeply bifid or

divided into 2 broad segments :

Peduncle shorter than the leaves ; segments

of the appendage bifid or toothed at the

apex ais ns ase oss eee (8) nitidum,

Peduncle as long as the leaves; segments

of the appendage obtuse... ve ... (15) Wallacei,

§$§Corolla-lobes 14-2 (rarely 2}) lin. long;

leaves 3-1 (in 14, S. pachyglossum, and 16,

8. bidens 4-3) lin, broad at the middle ;

592: ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). = [Schizoglosswm.

Appendage of the corona-lobes directed over

the style-apex or horizontally inflexed :

Appendage arising immediately below the

apex of the lobe, minute, transversely

oblong... (18) atrorubens.

Appendage arising near or at the middle of

the lobe, simple, subulate oF (21) linifolium,

Appendage of the..corona-lobes erect, sub- var. B.

parallel with the body of the lobe, usually

flat, bifid to obtuse or truncate, rarely

subulate and acute in S. pachyglossum :

Stem with 10-40 leafy nodes below the

rather crowded flowering part, 2-14

lin. thick ; peduncles ~,-4 in. long .... (14) pachyglossum.

Stem with 4-16 leafy nodes below the lax

flowering part and, except in &. didens,

4-2 lin. thick; peduncles 4-14 in.

long :

Plant 1-2 ft. high; leaves 4-% lin. broad

above the base; umbels racemosely:

arranged ; corona-lobes bifid or emar-

ginate at the apex :

Leaves broadened to 1-14 lin, and sub-

cordate-hastate at the base; pedi-

cels 5-8 lin. long ... (19) Galpinii.

Leaves not broadened at the cunentely

rounded base; pedicels 14-4 lin.

long . . (20) diversum.

Plant usually much under 1 ft. high ; ;

leaves 4-2 lin. broad :

Umbels usually somewhat corymbosely

arranged ; corona-lobes narrowed to

a bifid or truncate apex :

Corolla-lobes glabrous on the inner

face ... (16) bidens.

Corolla-lobes pubescent on the inner

face ‘e . (17) umbellatum.

Umbels racemosely arranged ; ; corona-

lobes suborbicular, obtuse (see also

25, S. crassipes) 1. ous . (26) orbiculare.

{{Corona-lobes without an appendage (besides scshile

or lateral or basal teeth) or with it only repre-

sented by an arched and slightly produced

thickening at the apex of the inner face, the

point, when present, being a direct (erect or -

inflexed) continuation of the lobe without a trans-

verse rim or margin behind its base:

Corona-lobes shorter than or about equalling the

staminal column; plants less than 1 ft. seca 34 :

Corona-lobes oblong-ligulate, obtuse, with

keels on the inner face “

Corona-lobes subquadrate, with an arched apical

thickening on the inner face, sometimes

forming a very obtuse short thick point ; no

distinct keels... vate (25) crassipes.

Corona-lobes 3-toothed, middle tooth adiately

reading, about twice as long as the latera

teeth “ a , (22) aschersonianum,

Corona-lobes exceeding the staminal column, with var. B.

the point inflexed upon or much overtopping it :

coe

* (en) umbelluliferum.

Schizoglossum. | ASCLEPIADEE (Brown). 593

Corolla-lobes 2$-4 lin. long; leaves 1-9 lin.

broad :

Corolla white, yellew or greenish-yellow :

Corona-lobes ovate-oblong, subtruncate to

2-3-toothed at the apex, without keels, (10) elingue.

Corona-lobes stalked and with a deltoid.

hastate or rhomboid-lanceolate blade, or

sessile and linear-lanceolate, 2-keeled on

the inner face... Ae i .. (11) flavum.

Corolla dark purple-brown ; corona-lobes taper-

ing from an ovate base to a subulate

acute or minutely bifid erect point, 2-

keeled on the inner face ... aes ... (12) stenoglossum.

Corolla-lobes 1-24 lin. long; leaves 4-2 lin.

broad :

Corona-lobes ovate or stalked and subcordate-

ovate, tapering or abruptly narrowed into

a subulate-filiform point : ;

Stem solitary and usually simple; leaves

shorter than or less than twice as long

as the $44 in. long internodes :

Leaves glabrous; corona-lobes with the

point very abruptly inflexed on the

staminal column and 2 basal teeth on

the inner face ... ies ue ... (21) linifolium.

Leaves scaberulous ; corona-lobes with the

point incurved much above the sta-

minal column and without basal teeth

on the inner face es + wee (78) parvulum,

Stem branched at the base ; leaves 2-6 times

as long as the }~3 in. long internodes... (23) aciculare.

Corona-lobes 3-toothed at the top; middle

tooth usually much longer than the small

obtuse side teeth ... ies oss ... (22) aschersonianum.

** Umbels all sessile, forming fascicles of 2 to many

pedicellate flowers, or sometimes 1 or more of the

lowest are pedunculate in 39, S. ciliatum; 66,

8. Bolusit ; 78, S. parvulum, and 80, 8. virgatum

(see also 14, S. pachyglossum) ; usually several to

astem and lateral at the nodes, racemosely ar-

ranged, or occasionally 1-2 and terminal in 42, 8.

pilosum ; 48, 3. pulchellum, and 60, S. restioides :

Corolla with a very distinct cup-shaped or cam-

panulate tube 3-14 lin. long ; lobes puberu-

lous on the inner face, at least at the base:

Corona-lobes subquadrate with angular

shoulders and a long subulate point behind

the appendage ae eae ... (47) tubulosum.

Corona-lobes elliptic or ovate, obtuse, forming a

mere rim behind the base of the appendage (48) Schlechteri.

Corolla lobed nearly to the base; no very distinct

cup-shaped tube, perhaps most evident and

about $ lin. long in 56, 8. bifforum:

Corolla-lobes 5-6 lin. long ; corona-lobes cross-

shaped, 23-3 lin, broad across the extended

arms .., on 5 . .-» (46) Davyi.

Corolla-lobes 1-4 lin, long ; corona-lobes never

cross-shaped, }-1} lin. broad :

VOL, 1V.—SECT, I.—PART. IV. Qq

594. ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown).

+ Corona-lobes produced intoa distinct free apical

lobe, point or points immediately behind the

appendage or appendages on the inner face :

+ Free point or points of the corona-lobes

behind the appendage or appendages

subulate or filiform, very acute or acutely

bifid, rarely linear and obtuse :

§ Corona-lobes subquadrate, distinctly 3-

toothed at the top, with the shoulder-

teeth minute, erect and usually sub-

faleate (see also 49, S. Conrathii and

50, S. ewciswm) : :

Middle tooth or point of the corona-lobes

4-1 lin. long, shorter than or equalling

the appendage :

Pedicels 34-5 lin. long; appendage

5-7 times as long as and recurved

over and far behind the middle

tooth of the lobe... La oe

Pedicels 14-24 lin. long; appendage

as long as to twice as long as the

middle tooth of the lobe, erect or

inflexed SS a: a

Middle tooth or point of the lobe 13-24

lin. long (length unknown in 34, 8.

grandifiorwm), and longer than or

rarely only equalling the appendage

or appendages :

Corona-lobes. with tuberculate margins

and 2 free or connate 2-toothed

appendages forming a sort of pocket

on the inner face and scarcely ex-

ceeding the level of the shoulder-

teeth... is re pa

Corona-lobes not tuberculate on the

margins (sometimes slightly tuber-

culate or crested at the shoulders in

89, S. ciliatwm), with 1 entire or

bifid appendage on the inner face,

which always much overtops the

— Jevel of the shoulder-teeth :

Stem 1-2 ft. high, with the middle

internodes usually 1 in, or more

long; pedicels 3-1} lin. long ...

Stem 2-10 in. (or in 41, S. robustum

4-3 ft.) high, with internodes

(except in 39, 8. ciliatum) usually

Jess than 1 in. long, and the

leaves often rather crowded;

icels 2-5 lin. long:

Corolla-lobes 1$-2% lin, long, very

acute ; stem with 1-3 distant

leafy nodes below the lowest

flowering node ... or ee

Corolla-lobes 2}—34 lin. long, acute

or obtusely pointed :

Stem 2-4} in, high, with 3-5

leafy nodes below the lowest

flowering node; leaves

spreading ... ae oe

[ Schizoglossum.

(38) dissimile.

... (41) robustum,var.y.

... (40) striatum.

(56) biflorum.

(39) ciliatum.

(33) Macowani,

Schizoglossum. | ASCLEPIADES (Brown). 595

Stem 4-38 ft. high, with 6-20

leafy nodes below the lowest

flowering node (unknown in

S. grandiflorum) ;

Corolla glabrous on the inner

face :

Leaves ascending .., ... (41) robustum.

Leaves spreading ... ... (84) grandifiorum,

Corolla pubescent or puberu-

lous on the inner face

$§Corona-lobes not erectly 3-toothed at the

top, transverse or quadrate with the

shoulders rounded, rectangularly acute

or rarely produced into short hori-

zontally spreading teeth, or rhomboid

and angular at or below the middle, or

ovate and tapering into the point:

Stem 1-24 ft. high, simple or rarely

branching at the upper part; leaves

linear, linear-filiform or linear-oblong,

erect or ascending :

Corona-lobes produced behind a long

filiform appendage into 2 long fili-

form points, which are free or

united at the base . an

Corona-lobes produced behind the ap-

pendage,into 1 entire or shortly and

acutely bifid point :

Pedicels 2-5 lin. long; corolla-lobes

2-34 lin, long :

Corolla-lobes glabrous on the inner

. (41) robustum, var..

(58) araneiferum.

A000 «ans ‘ ... (41) robustum,

Corolla-lobes puberulous or pubes-

cent on the inner face:

Umbels 6 or more to a stem;

corona-lobes with horizontal

teeth at the shoulders _.,, (41) robustum, var. 8.

Umbels 1-3 to a stem; corona-

lobes without teeth at the

shoulders... es

Pedicels 4-14 iin. long (length un-

known in 57, S. strictum) :

Corolla-lobes } lin. long, glabrous

on the back, minutely papillate-

puberulous on the inner face,

.-. (42) pilosum.

blackish-purple ewe (80) virgatum,

Corolla-lobes 13-23 lin. long ;

Corona-lobes with a filiform point

appearing to come out of the

back of the lobe below the

base of the -1 lin, long

filiform appendage :

Corolla-lobes 13-2 lin. long,

puberulous on the lower

part of the inner face... (49) Conrathii.

Corolla-lobes 2}-2% lin. long,

glabrous on the inner face (50) excisum,

Corona-lobes with a terminal point

whose base is level with or

above that of the appendage ;

eq 2

596. ASCLEPIADE® (Brown).

Corolla-lobes glabrous on the

inner face; corona-lobes

angular below the middle,

tapering into a recurved

bifid or entire point much

shorter than the appendage

Corolla-lobes puberulous or

pubescent on the inner

face :

Corona - lobes subquadrate

with horizontal shoulder-

teeth ... oes eee

Corona-lobes ovate or oblong-

ovate, tapering into a

point longer than the

appendage :

Corolla-lobes glabrous on

the back; appendage

of corona-lobes nearly

as long as the point...

Corolla-lobes pubescent on

the back :

Corolla-lobes 13-2 lin.

long; corona-lobes

1}-2 lin. long...

Corolla-lobes 14-14 lin.

long ; corona-lobes

2-1} lin. long...

||||Stem or plant 13-10 in. high; corona-

lobes produced behind the appendage

into 1 entire point :

{ Corolla-lobes glabrous or with a very

minute whitish papillation (scarcely

pubescence) on the inner face :

Appendage of corona-lobes 2-3 times

as long as the point behind it,

incurved-hooked at the apex;

leaves 4-6 pairs to a stem or

bravch.: ... ae ie “ee

Appendage of corona-lobes shorter

than (in 8. heterophyllwm some-

times subequalling) the point

behind it :

Stem branching at the base with

5-15 pairs or whorls of leaves

to a branch; corolla-lobes 1-2

lin. long a sa es

Stem solitary unbranched (except

from injury), erect :

Leaves in 3-8 pairs or whorls

to a stem; appendage of

corona-lobes inflexed over

the staminal column :

Leaves 3-1} lin. broad, linear

or lanceolate; corolla-

[ Schizoglossum.

(60) restioides.

(56) biflorum.

(57) strictum.

(56) biflorum, var. ¥.

(68) carinatum.

(31) uncinatum.

(29) heterophyllum.

lobes 13-24 lin. long... (37) pumilum.

Leaves 4-1 in. broad, oblong

or elliptic; corolla-lobes

3-34 lin.long ... «+ (32) ovalifolium.

Schizoglossum.| _ AsctgprapE# (Brown). lg?

Leaves in 8 to numerous whorls

and pairs to a stem :

Appendage of corona-lobes as-

cending and arched back-

wards under the incurved

tip of the filiform point

behind it; corolla-lobes

24 lin. long “a ... (36) contracurvum,

Appendage of corona-lobes

inflexed over the staminal

column :

Corolla-lobes 24-3$ lin. long ;

corona-lobes with dis-

tinct horizontal teeth at

the shoulders ... ... (41) robustum.

Corolla-lobes 12-2 lin. long;

corona-lobes angular but

scarcely toothed at the

shoulders Lu ... (35) Harveyi.

{{JCorolla-lobes distinctly puberulous

or pubescent on the inner face :

Stem 3-4 in. high, often with 1 (or

more?) basal branch; corolla-

lobes 12-2 lin. long... ... (30) consimile.

Stem at least 6 in, high, simple :

Pedicels 2-5 lin. long ; corolla-lobes

2-34 lin. long :

Leaves usually much longer

(rarely shorter) than the

internodes; umbels 5 to

many to a stem, often

crowded... wal ... (41) robustum, vars.

Leaves shorter than or subequal- B&y.

ling the internodes; umbels

1-3 to a stem, not crowded . (42) pilosum,

Pedicels }-14 lin. long; corolla-

lobes 1-14 lin. long:

Appendage of the corona-lobes

8-toothed ... fee ... (69) tricuspidatum.

Appendage of the corona-lobes

subulate and acute, or linear

and obtuse to bifid ... ... (68) carinatum,

tiFree part of the corona-lobes behind the

peg usually broad, rounded,

obtuse or obtusely bifid, never acute,

subulate or filiform, sometimes very short

or scarcely noticeable :

Corolla-lobes 3-4 lin. long, puberulous on

the ‘inner face; corona-lobes wen

appendage very much longer than the

obtuse apex behind it ... A ... (48) pulchellum,

Corolla-lobes 14-2 lin. long, glabrous or

minutely puberulous on the inner face :

Appendage of corona-lobes very much

longer than the often minute obtuse

or notched free part behind it:

Stem with 10-16 leafy nodes below the

“lowest flowering node ees ves (64) glabrescens.

Stem with 4-6 leafy nodes below the

lowest flowering node :

598 ASCLEPIADEX (Brown). [ Schizoglossum.

Corolla blackish-purple ; corona-lobes

rhomboid, 2—-} lin. long, angular

on each side, with an appendage

Z+4lin. long... ‘ac ... (72) Buchanani.

Corolla not blackish- purple, greenish ?

Corona-lobes oblong or rhomboid-

oblong, 4-2 lin..long, with 2

minute teeth on each side and

an appendage 3-1 lin. long ... (738) parvulum var. 8.

Corona-lobes subquadrate, 4-4 lin.

long, with an appendage about

Zlin.long... Ws ... (74) parcum.

Appendage of the corona-lobes very much

shorter than the free part of the lobe

behind it:

Appendage of corona-lobes subulate, with

a tooth on each side of its base ... (62) delagoense.

Appendage .of coroua-lobes transverse

or subquadrate, truncate or rounded,

without a tooth on each side of its

base ... a ak nis ... (63) periglossoides.

++Corona-lobes not produced into a distinct free

int or lobe behind an appendage (besides ‘

eels) or other point :

t Corona-lobes with a distinct filiform subulate

deltoid or linear entire or toothed appen-

dage or point either arising at or just

below the apex of the inner face, and the

lobe forming a mere rim or thick truncate

top behind it, or directly continuous with

the body of the lobe :

Corolla-lobes 12-24 lin. long :

Body of corona-iobes transverse or broadly

obcordate, thick at the subtruncate

top; appendage 24-3} lin. long, fili-

form-subulate, Pin to the left ... (45) verticillare.

Body of corona-lobes somewhat ovate or

elongated deltoid, with 2 teeth on

each side; appendage 1-1} lin. long,

lacerately fringed... eo at

Body of corona-lobes oblong, obovate-

oblong or subquadrate, obtuse ; appen-

dage 4-2 lin. long, inflexed, 3-toothed

at the apex or with teeth near the

middle or base :

Leaves #-1} in. long, in 12-20 pairs

below the lowest Riweday node ... (54) tridens.

Leaves 14-3 in. long, in 5-8 pairs below 1

the lowest flowering node ... ... (83) Woodii.

Body of corona-lobes subquadrate, trun-

cate, with minute erect Mga at the

shoulders; appendage # lin. long,

subulate, acute or v0 ... (55) Flanagani.

Corolla-lobes #-14 lin. long:

§ Stem 1}-3} ft. high, simple or branching

at the upper part (see also 64, S.

glabrescens) :

Corolla-lobes glabrous (in 70, S. coms

méiatum, sometimes minutely pu-

— at the base) on the inner

‘ace :

58) filipes.

Schizoglossum. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 599

Corona-lobe forming a very distinct

truncate transverse rim or top be-

hind the base of the appendage:

Appendage nearly as broad as the

lobe, broadly deltoid-ovate,

acute... ins ais ... (82) Dregei.

Appendage about } as broad as the

lobe, linear, oblong or narrowly

deltoid, acute or obtuse ... (66) Bolusii.

Corona-lobe continuous with the point

or not forming a distinct trun-

cate rim behind it:

Pedicels 14-2 lin. long: :

Pedicels and upper part of the

stem tomentose; corona-

lobes 3-toothed at the top,

with the shoulder-teeth erect (85) tomentosum.

Pedicels and upper part of the

stem puberulous; corona-

lobes subquadrate with rect-

angular shoulders and a short

subulate inflexed point ... (67) monticola.

‘Pedicels 3-4 lin. long, puberulous ;

corona-lobes rhombeid or rhom-

boid ovate, angular on each

side at the middle... ... (70) commixtum.

Corolla-lobes puberulous on the inner

face, blackish-purple ; stem simple (81) loreum.

Corolla-lobes densely bordered with

white hairs and puberulous on the

disk of the inner face, not blackish-

urple ; stem branched... ... (97) altissimum.

$$Stem 4-16 in, high: °

Corolla-lobes puberulous on the inner

face; pedicels 2-3 lin. long ... (81) loreum. —

Corolla-lobes glabrous on the inner face,

-or in 65, S. lamellatum, with a

minute papillate pubescence at the

apex and base ; pedicels 1-3 lin.

‘long :

Corona-lobes rhomboid, angular on

each side, with a subulate or

linear point shorter than or

scarcely longer than the body of,

the lobes :

Corona-lobes with an inflexed wing-

like auricle on each side at the

{ angles ... sb er ... (71) parile.

Corona-lobes without an auricle on :

each side ie i ... (72) Buchanani.

Corona-lobes oblong or rhomboid-

oblong with 2 minute teeth on

each side at the ps to ca

inflexed point or appendage §-

lin. ore gin ue ia ... (78) parvulum,var.s.

Corona-lobes subquadrate, with their —

point or appendage about twice

as long as the body of the lobe ;

stem simple, with 3-6 leafy nodes

\ - below the lowest flowering node:

600 ASCLEPIADEE (Brown). [ Schizoglosswm.

Stem 4-4 lin. thick at the base ; point

of corona-lobe erect, toothed... (79) exile.

Stem 2-3 lin. thick at the base;

point of corona-lobe incurved

upon the top of the staminal

column, not toothed ... ... (74) parcum,

Corona-lobes subquadrate, usually with

minute teeth at the shoulders,

with their point or appendage

shorter than or subequalling the

body of the lobe :

Stem simple, with 7-16 leafy nodes

below the lowest flowering

node; umbels 2-7-flowered ... (78) filifolium.

Stem with 2-8 leafy nodes below

the lowest flowering node:

Stem laxly clothed with leaves,

those on the flowering part

shorter than or not much

longer than the internodes :

Stem 3-1} lin. thick and

branched at the base;

umbels 6-9-flowered _... (75) addoense.

‘ Stem 3-4 lin. thick at the

base, simple; umbels 7-14-

flowered ... se —««» (76) Burchellii.

Stem rather thickly clothed with

leaves mostly 2-3 times as

long as the internodes;

umbels 9-16-flowered .. (77) Bowkere.

Corona-lobes oblong or elliptic-oblong,

somewhat 3-toothed at the apex,

the middle tooth apiculus-like

or very shortly linear-deltoid ... (65) lamellatum.

tt Corona-lobes transverse or subquadrate,

truncate, with a minute apiculus at the

apex of the inner face (see also 65, S.

lamellatum and 66, 8. Bolusii); corolla-

lobes puberulous and with a tuft of long

hairs on the inner face... om ... (86) interruptum.

tit Corona-lobes without a subulate, filiform

or linear point or apiculus or appendage

at their apex (except sometimes in 65,

S. lamellatwm) :

Corolla-lobes 2-24 lin. long :

Corona-lobes transverse or broadly sub-

obcordate with the very short obtuse ~

apex inflexed upon the top of the

stout double keel on the inner face ... (44) anomalum.

Corona-lobes rhomboid-lanceolate and ob-

tuse or subquadrate with square

shoulders and a broadly-deltoid obtuse

erect point, with small inflexed side

auricles and a slight median keel :

Leaves $-1} in. long, 4-{ lin. broad,

shorter than the internodes ... (51) glanduliferum.

Leaves up to 3 in. long and 14 lin.

broad, longer than the internodes ... (52) biauriculatum.

Schizoglossum. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 601

Corolla-lobes 1-1} lin. long:

Leaves opposite ; corona-lobes ovate, rhom-

boid-ovate, oblong or elliptic-oblong,

obtuse, acute or (in 65, S. lamellatwm)

subtruncate and apiculate or 3-toothed

at the top :

Stem 3-1} ft. high, simple, except from

injury:

Corolla-lobes with rather long hairs

at the apex and margins of the

inner face; keels of corona-

lobes diverging downwards from

the apex of thelobe_... ... (61) unicum.

Corolla-lobes without long hairs on

the inner face; keels of corona-

lobes subparallel or slightly di-

verging upwards, not extending

beyond the shoulders... ... (65) lamellatum.

Stem 2-2} ft. high, branching above;

corolla-lobes puberulous on the

inner face, with a tuft of long hairs

just below the apex... i .. (84) Barbere.

Leaves mostly whorled; stem 4-8 in.

high ; corona-lobes subquadrate-ovate,

shortly 2-toothed at the apex .. ... (28) Peglere.

1. S. cordifolium (E. Meyer, Comm. 219); stem }-1} ft. high,

usually solitary, simple or branching, {-1; lin. thick, pubescent ;

internodes 1~21 in. long; leaves usually spreading ; petiole 3-3 lin.

long; blade 2-2 in. long, ,-14 in. broad, usually oblong, deltoid-

ovate, or deltoid-oblong to roundish-ovate, rarely linear-hastate,

acute or obtuse, often apiculate, cordate, subtruncate or more or less

hastate at the base, with rounded auricles, flat or narrowly revolute

along the margins, more or less pubescent or scaberulous on both

sides or only on the veins beneath ; umbels usually 3-6 to a stem or

branch, pedunculate, the lower racemose, the upper subcorymbose,

4-12-flowered ; peduncles 5-15 lin. long, pubescent or subtomentose ;

bracts filiform, 13-22 lin. long ; pedicels 3-5 lin. long, pubescent or

subtomentose ; sepals 1-1} lin. long, 3 lin. broad, lanceolate or

linear-oblong, acute, pubescent ; corolla in bud globose with an

apical depression ; lobes 2-83 lin. long, 14-14 lin. broad, oblong,

subacute, more or less replicate, spreading, with incurved tips,

glabrous or with a few hairs near the apex on the back, more or less

minutely puberulous at the base on the inner face, greenish accord-

ing to collectors, in the dried state olive-brown with darker veins,

rarely entirely green ; corona-lobes ascending-spreading, or often

appearing erect in dried flowers, 3-1 lin. long, 3-li lin. broad,

broadly cuneate-obovate, cuneately subquadrate or . suborbicular,

rounded, subtruncate or obtusely pointed at the entire or notched

apex, rarely more or less deeply 2-lobed, often with slightly pro-

Jecting side angles above the middle or at the top, with a divided or

entire appendage decurrent in 2 contiguous keels, which are not

always obvious, on the inner face, white or whitish; appendage

602 ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). | Schizoglossum.

arising near the top of the lobe, 3—1 lin. long, usually deeply bifid or

divided to the base into 2 straight subulate contiguous segments,

rarely entire, or with a third smaller segment behind, ascending to

or slightly exceeding the top of the {-14 lin. long staminal column ;

anther-wings broadest at the subtruncate base ; anther-appendages

reniform, erect, reaching to or slightly inflexed over the margin of

the broad depressed-truncate style-apex ; caudicles attached near or

above the middle of the oblong pollen-masses ; follicles about 22 in.

long, } in. thick, fusiform-lanceolate, tapering into a beak, pubescent

and beset with subulate processes 2-23 lin. long. S. atropurpureum,

var. lineatum, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 2. 8.

virens, Schlechter, l.c. 6 and 16, and Journ. Bot. 1896, 419 (not of

E. Meyer). S. Hollandiz, Harv. ex Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb.

xviii. Beibl. 45,6 in note. S. semulum, Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1894, 258, and 1896, 420. S. emulatum, Ind. Kew. Suppl. i. 384.

S. furcatum, E. Meyer ex Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54,

3 ina note. Cynanchum cordifolium, Dietr. Synop. Pl. ii. 905.

- Var. B, centralis (N. E. Br.) ; sepals 2 lin. long ; corolla-lobes 34 lin, long,

blackish-purple with pale stripes in the dried state ; corona-lobes 14 lin. long,

13 lin. broad, obovate, subtruncate, irregularly crenulate, with the appendage

inserted at their middle and scarcely exceeding their apex.

Coast Region: .Tulbagh Div.; Great Winterhoek Mountain, 3500 ft.,

Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4249! Worcester Div.; Dutoits Kloof, Drége ! Tyson,

8521! Stellenbosch Div.; Jonkers Hoek, Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4879! George

Div.; Montagu Pass, Bolus, 8684! Uniondale Div. ; mountains of Long Kloof

near the Wagenbooms River, Burchell, 4904! Uitenhage Div.; Vanstadens

Berg, Burchell, 4736! Addo (ex E. Meyer, but the specimen is labelled Galge-

bosch) Drége! Port Elizabeth Diy.; near Port Elizabeth, Mrs. Holland, 37!

Alexandria Div.; Zuur Berg, Cooper, 2726! Albany Div. ; hills near Botram,

Drége! near Grahamstown, MacOwan, 295! 662! Bolton, Burke! Galpin,

248, ex Schlechter. Komgha Div.; near the Great Kei River, Flanagan, 386 !

near Komgha, Flanagan, 387! Queenstown Div. ; Lesseyton Nek, 4000 ft.,

Galpin, 1755! Eastern Frontier, Hutton / e

Eastern Recon: Transkei; Kentani, Miss Pegler, 1144! Natal; Umain-

yate, Wood, 1040! Shafton Howick, Mrs. Hutton, 43! and without precise

locality, Gerrard, 2166! Zululand; Ngoya, Wood, 8271! Var. B: Tembuland ;

Bazeia Mountain, 3000 ft., Baur, 548!

I have seen and dissected the type specimens of all the synonyms quoted side

by side with E. Meyer’s type of 8. cordifoliwm, and find them identical with

that species in appearance and structure. Schlechter has likewise seen E.

Meyer’s type, but in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 3, he erroneously refers 8S.

cordifolium to 8. ewphorbioides, and S. Hollandie, Harv. (of which the type 18

Mrs, Holland’s 37) to 8. virens, so that S. cordifolium, Schlechter in Journ.

Bot. 1896, 419, can scarcely be the plant of E. Meyer, and as there is neither

description nor collector’s number quoted, I cannot identify it, The minute

pubescence at the base of the inner face of the corolla-lobes cannot be seen oD

flowers that have been wetted for dissection until they are dry.

2. §. ingomense (N. E. Br.); stem 13-3 ft. high, simple, hairy

along 3 lines with white spreading hairs, with internodes }—1 in-

long at the middle and upper part, those at the base longer ; leaves

3 in a whorl, ascending or slightly spreading, shortly petiolate,

1-12 in. long, 2-6 lin. broad at the base, oblong or linear-oblong,

Schizoglossum. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 603

acute, truncate, subhastate or subcordate at the base, pubescent along

the revolute margins and on the midrib beneath, otherwise glabrous ;

umbels several to a stem, sometimes more than 1 from the same

node, racemose along the terminal part of the stem, pedunculate, or

the uppermost nearly or quite sessile, 3—6-flowered; peduncles

0-5 lin. long, pubescent or subtomentose ; bracts 1-4 lin. long,

filiform, linear or spathulate, pubescent; pedicels 3-4 lin. long,

pubescent or subtomentose; sepals 14-2 lin. long, } lin. broad,

lanceolate, acute, pubescent; buds globose, with an apical depres-

sion ; corolla-lobes suberect or campanulately spreading, 3-34 lin.

long, 2 lin. broad, ovate, acute, with reflexed (perhaps replicate) and

somewhat wavy margins, glabrous on both sides, apparently olive-

brown; corona-lobes obcordate, with 2 parallel keels, 2 short

transverse keels near the top and a long subterminal appendage on

their inner face; obcordate part 1 lin. long, nearly 14 lin. broad,

about half as long as the staminal column; appendage 13-1} lin.

long, linear-cuneate, bifid at the apex, incurved over the 13-14 lin.

long staminal column; anther-wings with a very prominent and

rather acute angle at the middle; anther-appendages very broadly

cordate-ovate, entirely inflexed over the top of the depressed-truncate

style-apex ; pollen-masses dark orange, very much compressed or

somewhat wing-like on the outer side near the caudicle, and this

wing-like part is often more or less folded outwards.

Eastern Recion: Eastern border of the Transvaal at Ingoma, Gerrard,

1302 partly !

Similar to, but quite distinct from 8. cordifoliwm, yet difficult to characterize.

S. virens has also been distributed as No. 1302.

3. S. atropurpureum (E. Meyer, Comm. 219) ; root a tuber;

stem 11-32 ft. high, 14-22 lin. thick, simple, pubescent all round

or nearly so ; internodes 1-23 in. long; leaves very shortly petiolate,

1-21 in. long, 1-1 in. broad, somewhat spreading, ovate-oblong or

elongate deltoid-oblong, obtuse or acute, subhastate or subcordate

with rounded auricles at the base, very broadly and cuneately con-

tracted into the 1-1} lin. long petiole, thinly puberulous all over or

only near the margins on the upper side, pubescent on the veins

beneath ; umbels 5-12 to a stem, pedunculate, racemose, simple and

10-20-flowered, or compound with 50-60 flowers; peduncles 4-1}

in. long, pubescent or tomentose; pedicels 5-6 lin. long, rather

slender, tomentose; sepals 12-12 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, lanceolate,

acute, pubescent; corolla-lobes 21-3 lin. long, 1}-1} lin. broad,

oblong, obtusely rounded at the apex, subereet, concave, somewhat

incurved at the tips, glabrous on both sides, blackish-purple ; corona

lobes with 2 very prominent parallel keels and an appendage on their

inner face, apparently white; body of the lobe $ lin. long, 4 lin.

broad, oblong or subquadrate, slightly broadest at the top, with the

sides very abruptly reflexed from the keels, forming a broad channel

between them at the back, at the apex is a small oblong obtuse

lobule recurving over the top of this channel, and on either side of

604 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Schizoglossum.

the lobule the apex is truncate with a very distinct pocket-like

depression ; appendage exceeding the staminal column, { lin. long,

arising at the base of the recurved lobule, erect or incurved, linear or

linear-subulate, bifid or entire at the apex; staminal column 1 lin.

long; anther-wings broadly rounded, not at all angular; anther-

appendages broadly ovate, obtuse, erect, with their tips reaching to

or shortly inflexed on the broad truncate style-apex, which has a

sinuous-crenate margin and sometimes (always?) 5 small central

tubercles; caudicles lateral at the obliquely truncate apex of the

pollen-masses; follicles solitary, about 2 in. long, 4 in. thiek, ovoid-

lanceolate, tapering to an obtuse point, covered with filiform pro-

cesses 1-2 lin. long, everywhere pubescent. DC. Prodr, viii. 553 ;

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54,3. Cynanchum atropur-

pureum, Diet. Synop. Pl. ii. 906.

Whe a Glee Reeion: Aliwal North Div. ; on the Witte Bergen, 5000-6000 ft.,

rége!

Katanart Recon: Orange River Colony; Besters Vley, near Witzies

Hoek, Bolus, 8111! Harrismith, Sankey, 192! and without precise locality,

Cooper, 2728!

EasTERN ReGion : Natal; slope of the Drakensberg Range at Olivers Hoek

Pass, Wood, 3471! Buffalo River Valley, near Charlestown, 5000-6000 ft.,

Wood, 5368 !

The tuber is sweet-tasted and is eaten by the Basutos, according to a note in

Herb. Bolus.

4, 8. hamatum (E. Meyer, Comm. 220); stem 3-23 ft. high,

simple, 1-13 lin. thick, more or less compressed, puberulous with

curved hairs; internodes 3-8} in. long; leaves shortly petiolate,

8-2 in, long, ;4,—-14 in. broad, linear, linear-oblong or oblong to

roundish-oblong, obtuse or emarginate, or (when linear) acute at the

apex, often apiculate, truncate, cordate or hastate at the base, with

obtuse or rounded auricles, subscabrous or thinly sprinkled with

minute hairs all over or towards the revolute margins of the upper

surface and on the veins beneath; petiole 1-2} lin. long; umbels

3-7, racemose or the upper subcorymbose, 3-7-flowered ; peduncles

1-13 in. long, pubescent or subtomentose on one side ; bracts 1}-23

lin. long, filiform, puberulous ; pedicels 3-5 lin. long, pubescent or

subtomentose; sepals 12—2 lin. long, } lin. broad, oblong-lanceolate

or ovate-lanceolate, acute, puberulous ; corolla-lobes campanulately

spreading or suberect, slightly concave, 3-4 lin. long, 1}-2} lin.

broad, oblong, obtuse or rounded at the apex, apparently greenish or

yellowish with purple-brown or blackish-purple veins or spots, or

occasionally without markings, often drying brown or blackish-

purple, quite glabrous; corona-lobes ascending-spreading, 2-] lin.

long, 4-2 lin. broad, narrowly oblong to suborbicular, somewhat

recurved at the margins, with an appendage near the minutely and

obtusely bifid or rounded apex and 2 parallel keels distant from the

margins on the inner face, apparently whitish; appendage s—] lin.

long, from half to nearly as broad as the lobe at its base, erect or

Schizoglossum. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 605

inflexed-erect with recurving or hooked and sometimes slightly diverg-

ing tips, divided to the base into 2 subulate segments or very deeply

bifid or occasionally entire, overtopping the 14 lin. long staminal

column, which is somewhat excavated under the anthers ; anther-

appendages broadly rounded or broadly ovate, with their tips inflexed

over the rim of the broad, depressed-truncate style-apex; anther-

wings obtusely rounded at the very prominent basal part ; caudicles

attached below the apex or near the middle of the pollen-masses.

Decne in DOC. Prodr. viii. 554; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi.

Beibl. 54, 3, and Journ. Bot. 1896, 419. 8S. atropurpureum, Harv.

Thes. Cap. i. 27, t. 42, and Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl.

45, 2, and Journ. Bot. 1896, 419, not of E. Meyer, and var.

lineatum, Schlechter in Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xv. 67 partly.

S. hastatum (error for S. hamatum, E. Meyer), Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 5 in note. Cynanchum hamatum, Dietr.

Synop. Pl, ii. 906.

Van. 8, pallidum (N. E. Br.) ; corolla-lobes 34-5 lin. long, 21-24 lin. broad, |

apparently yellowish or greenish, without a trace of purple ; corona-lobes 1 lin.

long, with an appendage 1-14 lin. long, exceeding the staminal column by

end all its length, its tips more recurved and rather more diverging than in

the type.

Var. y, elegans (N. E. Br.); corolla-lobes 4-4} lin. long, 24 lin. broad,

apparently white or creamy with purple tips and a few purple dots and lines on

the veins.

Coast Rearon : Queenstown Div. ; Andriesberg Range, near Bailey, 6000 ft.,

Galpin, 2266! Komgha Div.; hills near the Kei River, Flanagan, 373!

Centrat REGIon: Somerset Div.; Bosch Berg, 4000 ft., MacOwan, 1637!

Eastern Recion: Transkei, Kreilis Country, Bowker, 11! Kentani district,

Miss Pegler, 183! Kaffirland, Brownlee! Tembuland! near Cala, Bolus, 10218 !

Griqualand East ; Kwenkwe Mountain, 5800 ft., Bolus, 10219! Mount Currie,

Tyson, 1441! near Kokstad, Tyson, 1685! Insiswa Mountains, Schlechter,

6438! Krook, 800! Natal; Dargle Farm, Fannin, 63! Var. 8: mountains of

Kaffraria, Mrs. Barber, 29! Var. y, Eastern Frontier, Mrs. Barber !

Easily distinguished from S. cordifolium, by not having the margins of the

corolla-lobes folded backwards. The type specimen in E. Meyer’s (Drége’s)

Herbarium has the leaves more crowded and very much narrower than usual,

being 3-1 in. long and 1-1} lin. broad across the very base, and are linear-

hastate in form. In floral structure it is identical with the other specimens

queted, some of which have similar leaves at the top of the stem, whose unusual

narrowness may be due to an insufficiency of water. Other species vary in a

similar manner.

5. 8. tridentatum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 5) ;

stem solitary, 2-12 ft. high, simple or rarely branched, 2—12 lin.

thick at the base, pubescent, terete or slightly compressed ; inter-

nodes numerous, usually much shorter than the leaves, which are

4-1} in. long, 1-6 lin. broad above the broader base, varying from

ublong-hastate to linear-hastate, obtuse or acute, apiculate, somewhat

seabrous above and on the veins beneath; petioles 1-2 lin. long;

umbels 5-12 to a stem, pedunculate, racemose, usually 4—6-flowered ;

peduneles 3-9 lin. long, pubescent or subtomentose with minute

606 ASCLEPIADEX (Brown). [ Schizoglossum.

curved hairs; bracts 1-2 lin. long, filiform or subulate ; pedicels

1-5 lin. long, pubescent; sepals 1j-1} lin. long, about 3 lin.

broad, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acute, pubescent ; corolla-lobes

21-98 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, erect, rather deeply concave, incurved

at the tips, very broadly rounded or subtruncate at the apex,

glabrous on both sides or slightly and very minutely puberulous on

the inner face, apparently dark brownish-purple more or less suffused

with greenish at the tips; corona-lobes whitish or with a purple

central stripe, shorter than or equalling the staminal column, > lin.

long and as much or rather more in breadth, subquadrate or sub-

orbicular, with the margin recurved at the top or all round or bent

back thus A, with an appendage and 2 keels distant from the

margins on the inner face, from the apex of the keels a short ,

subhorizontal or deflexed transverse keel on each side extends to the

margin ; appendage scarcely 3 lin. long, 1} as broad as the lobe at

its base, erect, just overtopping the style-apex, linear, channelled

down the inner face, more or less minutely bifid (rarely 3-toothed)

at the apex or rarely divided to the base into 2 or 3 segments, or

entire; staminal column 3 lin, long; anther-appendages oblong or

ovate, obtuse, erect, with their tips very slightly incurved on the

margin of the broad truncate 5-crenate style-apex ; caudicles lateral,

attached above the middle of the oblong pollen-masses ; follicles

about 2 in, long and 5-6 lin. thick, fusiform-lanceolate, tapering

into an obtuse beak, finely pubescent with minute curved hairs and

rather thinly covered with erect filiform processes 14-1} lin. long.

Schlechter in Journ. Bot, 1896, 420.

Coast Reaion, between 2000 and 5000 ft. : Komgha Div. ; among rocks

near Komgha, Flanagan, 1040! Stockenstrom Div.; Kat Berg, Hutton?

Queenstown Div. ; on damp slopes near Queenstown, Galpin, 1964! Stutterheim

Div.; Kabusie, Murray, 1637! Dohne Mountain, Bolus, 10220! 10221! British

Kaffraria, Cooper, 468!- Mrs. Hutton {

EAsteRN RecGion: Transkei; Kentani, Miss Pegler, 184! Kreilis Country,

Bowker, 94! 296! near the Tsomo River, Bowker, 859! Tembuland ; Bazeia

Mountain, 2500 ft., Baur, 818! Engcobo Mountain, Bolus !

6. 8. virens (E. Meyer, Comm. 219); stem 2-3 ft. high, simple

or branching in the upper part, stout, 11-21 lin. thick at the basal

part, pubeseent with minute curved hairs; internodes numerous,

2-11 in. long ; leaves ascending or spreading, those at the middle

and lower part of the stem 13-2 in. long, 3—% in. broad, oblong,

obtuse or subacute, truncate or truncately subhastate at the base,

the upper and those on the branches much smaller and more.

hastate, minutely scabrous near the margins above and on the veins

beneath, otherwise glabrous; petiole 1-3 lin. long ; umbels 3-9 to

a branch or stem, racemose, pedunculate, 3-15-flowered ; peduncles

1-11 in, long, subtomentose ; bracts 14-2 lin, long, subulate or fili-

form; pedicels 11 in. long, subtomentose ; sepals 14-14 lin. long,

8 lin. broad, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute, minutely pubes-

cent; corolla-lobes ascending, 23-3 lin. long, 13-2 lin. broad, oblong,

Schizoglosswm.} ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 607

very obtusely rounded at the apex, slightly concave, glabrous on

both sides, sometimes minutely ciliate at the base, greenish or

yellowish-green ; corona-lobes much shorter than the staminal

column, 2-2 lin. long, 3-3 lin. broad, ovate-oblong or oblong,

obtusely rounded at the apex, with an appendage and 2 distant

parallel keels placed near the margins and having a short keel on

each side extending from the base of the appendage obliquely down-

wards and out to the margins on the inner face, so that viewed side-

ways the margins appear to make a fold at this point; appendage

2 lin. long, arising just below the apex of the lobe and usually more

than half as broad as it is at the base, linear, deeply bifid or trifid

or divided to the base into 2-8 contiguous subulate segments, erect,

reaching to or slightly overtopping the style-apex, slightly recurved-

hooked at the apex; staminal column 3-1 lin. long; anther-appen-

dages subreniform, very obtuse, erect beneath the rim of the broad

flat or slightly concave style-apex ; caudicles attached to the side of

the oblong pollen-masses between the middle and apex. Decne in

DQ. Prodr. viii. 554; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 3,

excl. syn. 8. oblongum, Schlechter in Journ. Bot, 1894, 260, and

1896, 420. Cynanchum virens, Dietr. Synop. Pl. ii. 906, not of

905.

Eastern ReGion: Natal; between Umtsikaba River and Durban, Drége,

4956! on a hill at Umhlongwe, Wood, 3012! and in Natal Herb. 489! and

without precise locality, Gerrard, 1802 partly !

The specimen in E. Meyer’s Herbarium, which Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi.

Beibl, 54, 3, states was mixed with S. euphorbioides, E, Meyer (Drége, 4960),

and has named 8. tridentatum, Schlechter, is E. virens, B. Meyer, and is evidently

a portion of the same gathering as Drage, 4596 ; it is quite distinct in its coronal

structure from S. tridentatum, with the type of which (Flanagan, 1040) I have

compared it, In E. Meyer’s Herbarium, Schlechter has labelled the type

specimens of 8. cordifolium, EH. Meyer, as S. virens, and to the type of S. virens

he has not added a label.

7. S. euphorbioides (E. Meyer, Comm. 219) ; plant 13-2 ft. or

more high, branching or cecasionally simple, 1-11 lin. thick,

bifariously puberulous; internodes very numerous, mostly 4—} in.

long, or some of the upper }-1 in. long; leaves often somewhat

crowded, sessile or with petioles up to 1 lin. long, very spreading or

ascending, 2-1 in. long, 14-4 lin. broad, often broadest near the

apex, spathulate-oblong, oblong or linear-oblong, obtuse or rounded

and minutely apiculate at the apex, truneate or subhastate at the

base, scabrous-pubescent along the revolute margins, otherwise

glabrous; umbels pedunculate, subcorymbose or clustered at the

apex of the branches or the lower racemose, 4-8-flowered ; pe-

duneles 311 in. long, pubescent or subtomentose on one side, as

are the unequal 13-6 lin. long pedicels; bracts $-+-11 lin. long,

subulate; sepals 12 lin. long, } lin. broad, oblong or oblong-lanceo-

late, acute or subobtuse, slightly puberulous ; corolla-lobes ascend-

ing, 2-22 lin. long, 14-14 lin. broad, oblong or slightly obovate-

608 ASCLEPIADER (Brown). [Schizoglossum.

oblong, slightly emarginate at the very obtuse apex, concave,

glabrous on both sides ; corona-lobes + lin. long, 3 lin. broad, much

shorter than the staminal column, ovate or ovate-oblong, subtruncate,

emarginate or shortly bifid at the apex, with a divided appendage

and 2 parallel distant keels placed near the margins and having a

short keel on each side extending from the base of the appendage

obliquely downwards and to the margin on the inner face ;

appendage 3—2 lin. long, arising near the apex of and more than half

as broad as the lobe, much exceeding it and reaching to or slightly

exceeding the style-apex, divided to the base into 2 subulate con-

tiguous or slightly divergent segments straight or slightly recurved

at the tips; staminal column 1-1 lin. long; anther-appendages

broadly ovate, obtuse, applied to the underside of and not exceeding

the rim of the concave or crater-like style-apex. Deene in DC.

Prodr. viii. 554; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 3,

excluding syn. Cynanchum euphorbioides, Dietr. Synop. Pl. ii. 906.

Eastern Reoion: Natal; by the_sea-shore between Umtentu River and

Umzimkulu River, Drége ; between Umzimkulu River and Umcomaas River,

Drigns 4960! Umcomaas River, McKen, 4! and without precise locality, Drége,

This is very like S. virens, E. Meyer, in floral structure, of which it may

ibly prove to be a peculiar maritime form, but its general appearance is so

different, that until both are better known, T deem it best to follow E. Meyer

and Decaisne in considering them distinct species. It differs from S. virens in

its apparently more shrubby habit and more crowded leaves, which are smaller,

much more shortly petiolate, and often somewhat spathulate in form ; the flowers

are also smaller, but appear to be of the same colour as those of 8. virens.

Dréage’s specimen 4959 is stated by Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Betbl. 54, 3,

to be distinet from §. euphorbioides, but in external appearance and in floral

structure I find it to be identical with that species. There is no locality on the

label of 4959, but it may be the plant collected between Umtentu and Umzim-

kulu Rivers. All the specimens of S. euphorbioides, distributed by Drége which

I have seen, other than those in E. Meyer’s Herbarium, are exactly like the

‘ branchlets of Drége’s 4959. The specimen from Dutoits Kloof, placed under

this species by E. Meyer, and named 8. emulum by Schlechter, belongs to S.

cordifolium,

8. §. nitidum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 18);

stem 3-10 in. high, usually simple, flattened, pubescent, with about

4-6 internodes, the middle 2 mostly 2-4} in. long, the others

shorter; leaves ascending, shortly petiolate, 7-12 in. long, 1-5 lin.

broad, linear to oblong, acute or obtuse, apiculate, varying from

rounded to obtusely hastate at the base, thinly pubescent or sub-

scabrous all over, or only along the revolute margins above, pubes-

cent or hairy on the midrib beneath ; umbels 2-3, subeorymbose or

the lower one distant from the rest, pedunculate, 3-7 -flowered ;

peduncles 2-18 lin. long, pubescent or hairy ; pedicels 2-3 lin. long,

pubescent or hairy ; sepals 1} lin. long, > lin. broad, lanceolate, acute,

shortly hairy; corolla-lobes 3 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, suberect or

erectly spreading, with recurved margins and incurved tips, oblong

and obtusely pointed when flattened out, glabrous, on both sides,

Schizoglosswm.] _ ASCLEPIADEa (Brown), 609

or with very few hairs on the back, white with pink lines (Wood),

in the dried state sometimes with purple-brown veins and borders on

the back ; corona-lobes erect, white (Wood), equalling or shortly

exceeding the style-apex, 1-14 lin. long, 3 to nearly 1 lin. broad,

ovate, elliptic-oblong or linear-oblong, bifid or variously toothed or

subtruncate at the apex, with the teeth sometimes (always?) re-.

curved, rounded, subtruncate or subecordate at the base, with two

appendages and 2 parallel keels v1 the inner face ; appendages arising

near the apex of the lobe ani not or but slightly exceeding it, 1-2

lin. long, oblong or subquadrate, contiguous or overlapping, bifid or

minutely or distinctly toothed at the apex, rarely simple ; staminal

column about 14 lin. long, broadly obconic; anthers blackish or

dark coloured in the dried state, their appendages subreniform, very

obtuse, erect, reaching to the rim of the style-apex, white with a

purple-brown centre; anther wings broadly rounded, and not very

prominent at the basal part; pollen-masses with a pellucid space at

one end; caudicles lateral ;' style-apex broad, shortly 5-lobed, with a

raised rim and depressed cehtre, pink (Wood). Schlechter in Journ.

Bot. 1896, 421; Rand in Journ. Bot. 1903, 200.

KALAHARI REGIoN: Transvaal; in a marsh near Heidelburg, Schlechter,

3519! Modderfontein, Conrath, 1014! around Johannesburg, Rand, 706! 863!

near Middelburg, Schlechter, 3796!

EasteRN ReEGion: Natal; Dargle Farm, Fannin, 18! 19! Mooi River

District, 4000-5000 ft., Wood, 5578! hill near Mooi River, Wood, 5378!

Shatton, Howick, Mrs. Hutton, 40a! 410!

9. S. quadridens (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 252);

plant 31-6 in. high; stems softly pubescent with spreading hairs

along two broad lines, with about 6-8 internodes 3-13 lin. long;

leaves ascending or suberect, 1-2 in. long, 13-7 lin. broad, lanceo-

late, linear-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, aeute, or the lower sub-

obtuse, rounded, subtruncate: or shortly cuneate at the base,

revolute along the margins, rather softly pubescent with spreading

hairs above and on the veins beneath; petiole 1-22 lin. long ; umbels

2-4 to a stem, pedunculate, subcorymbose, about 6-8-flowered, softly

pubescent like the stem (but more densely) on the peduncles,

pedicels, bracts and calyx; lowest peduncle 3-14 in. long, the others

shorter; bracts 2-3 lin, long, filiform ; pedicels 3-5 lin. long ; sepals

2-3 lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute ; corolla-lobes some-

what campanulately spreading, 8-32 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, oblong,

obtuse, thinly pubescent on the back, finely and more densely

pubescent on the inner face, except along one margin, which is

glabrous, white; corona-lobes shortly overtopping the style-apex,

13, lin, long, 3 lin, broad at the base, ovate, subcordate at the base,

harrowing upwards to a bifid, trifid, or rarely subentire apex, about

4 lin. broad, with 2 slight keels and a bipartite appendage on the

mner face, white ; appendage of 2 falcate-subulate segments about

+ lin. long, arising near the apex of the lobe and not exceeding it,

‘directed over the tips of the anthers with erectly recurved tips;

VOL. IV.—SEOT. 1.—PART. IV. Rr

610 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [Schizoglossum.

staminal column nearly 1 lin. long; anther-appendages subreniform,

obtuse, inflexed over the rim of the depressed-truncate style-apex 5

anther-wings broadly angular below the middle ; caudicles attached

to the middle of one margin of the pollen-masses.

Eastern REGIon : Griqualand East; The Plateau, Haygarth in Herb. Wood,.

4189!

(10. S. elingue (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 149);

stems 33-6 in. high, simple, softly pubescent, with spreading hairs

along 2 broad lines; internodes }~1 in. long; leaves in 5-10 pairs,

ascending, 3-18 in. long, 2-7 lin. broad, oblong, or linear-oblong,

subacute, rounded, truncate, or obscurely subhastate at the base,,

pubescent above and on the veins beneath, narrowly revolute

along the margins; petiole }—2 lin. long ; umbels 2-3 to a stem,

pedunculate, corymbose, 3-7-flowered ; peduncles 3-7 lin. long,

pubescent along one side ; bracts 3-4 lin. long, filiform or subulate,

pubescent; pedicels unequal, 13-3} lin, long, pubescent ; sepals.

3-31 lin. long, % lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, pubescent, with

spreading hairs; corolla-lobes erect, about 31 lin. long, 13-15 lin.

broad, oblong, obtuse, thinly adpressed-pubescent on the apical part

of the back, ciliate on both margins, and rather densely adpressed-

puberulous on the inner face, white ; corona-lobes ereet, with the

apical part slightly recurved-spreading, much overtopping the style-

apex, 14-2 lin. long, | lin. broad at the rounded or subcordate base,

narrowing to 4 lin. broad at the subequally 2-3-toothed emarginate

or subtruneate apex, without keels or appendage on the inner face,

thin and flat, white ; staminal column 1 lin, long; anther-appendages

roundish-ovate, obtuse, inflexed over the style-apex; projecting

angle of anther-wings rounded ; pollen-caudicles terminal. Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1896, 449.

Nata: slopes of the Drakensberg Range, 6000-7000 ft., Evans, 358!

11. §. flavum (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1895, 355); stems

5-10 in. high, simple, flattened, more or less bifariously pubescent ;

leaves in 3-6 very irregularly distant pairs, ascending or rather

spreading, 3-18 in. long, 3—$ in. broad, ovate, oblong or linear-

oblong, obtuse or subacute, rounded, subtruncate or subhastate at:

base, pubescent on both sides ; petioles 1—2 lin. long ; umbels 1—4 to

a stem, all, or all but the lower one, eorymbose, 3-7 -flowered ;.

peduncle 1—1% in. long, spreading-pubescent ; bracts 1-2 lin. long,

filiform, pubescent ; pedicels 13-4 lin. long, pubescent ; sepals

13-1 lin. long, } lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, pubescent, and ciliate

with spreading hairs; corolla-lobes 3-4 lin. long, 13 lin. broad,

oblong, obtuse, suberect or campanulately spreading, flat, or slightly

concave (with incurved tips?), glabrous on both sides, with or

without a minute ciliation on one margin, yellow or green; corona-

lobes arising 3-2 lin. above the base of the staminal column and

much overtopping it, with a linear stalk }- lin. long, and a deltoid-

Schizoglossum.] ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 611

hastate or rhomboid-lanceolate, acute, or obtuse blade, 1-1: lin,

long, 3-1 lin. broad, flat, with 2 contiguous parallel keels on the

inner face, but no appendage, apparently yellowish or whitish ;

staminal column 14 lin. long, much more slender in the Z lin.-

long filamentous than in the head-like antheriferous part ; anthers

much broader than long, their appendages cuneate-oblong, obtuse,

inflexed over the truncate 5-radiate style-apex, their wings very

small, prominently angular at the base; pollen-masses pear-shaped,

pellucid within the outer margin or at the oblique apex, with

terminal caudicles.

Var. 8, lineare (N. E. Br.) ; corona-lobes 14-1 lin. long, 4-4 lin. broad,

linear or linear-lanceolate, acute, erect to beyond the middle, then spreading,

with the tips erect, but in most dried flowers apparently erect ; otherwise as in

the type.

Eastern Region: Griqualand East, at 4000-5500 ft.: Malowe Mountain,

Tyson, 3112! Mount Currie, Tyson in Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 1085! Natal;

hill near Nottingham Road, 4000-5000 ft., Wood, 5358! Var. 8: Natal; Dargle

Farm, Fannin, 48! Drakensberg, Bolus in Herb. Guthrie, 4878 !

12. S. stenoglossum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl.

45, 28); stems 1-2 to a tuber, simple, or with 1 branch at the base,

6-18 in. high, with a spreading pubescence; internodes above the

middle 13-2 in, long; leaves in 5-6 pairs, rarely more, ascending, or

slightly spreading, 13-23 in. long, 1-9 lin. broad, linear to ovate-

or oblong-lanceolate, acute or subobtuse, with revolute margins,

pubescent or somewhat scabrous above, hairy on the midrib beneath ;

petiole 3-2 lin. long; umbels 2-5 to a stem, all corymbose, or the

lower racemose, pedunculate, 3-10-flowered; peduncles 21-22 in.

long, more or less densely villous-pubescent or subtomentose ; bracts

2-3 lin. long, villous; pedicels 14-33 lin. long, densely villous or

tomentose ; sepals 11-2 lin. long, 1-3 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute,

villous-pubescent ; corolla-lobes slightly spreading, 23-33 lin. long,

13-1} lin. broad, oblong, obtuse or subacute, glabrous on both sides,

slightly ciliate at the base, dark purple-brown, with yellowish-

green lines between the veins, becoming blackish-purple when dried ;

corona-lobes much exceeding the style-apex, erect, 1-1} lin. long,

37a lin, broad at the ovate-lanceolate base, thence tapering to a

subulate acute point, with 2 prominent keels having a rather deep

groove between them, but no appendage on the inner face, at the

very base on each side the margin is very abruptly folded and con-

tinued inwards and upwards, uniting with the staminal column at

the base of the anther-wings; staminal column about 1 lin. long;

anthers broader than long, their appendages large, broadly ovate,

acute, connivent in a broad cone over the top of the shortly and

obtusely conical style-apex, their wings small, not angular at the

middle, but of nearly equal breadth throughout; caudicles laterally

attached below the truncate or rounded pellucid apex of the dark

orange pollen-masses ; follicles 12 in. long, 5-6 lin. thick, fusiform-

lanceolate, densely pubescent, and covered with filiform pubescent

Rr 2

“

612 _ascueprapem (Brown). — [Schizoglosswm.

processes usually 3-4 (or occasionally 1-2) lin. long. Schlechter in

Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 22, and in Journ. Bot. 1896, 420.

Mackenia sp., Harv. Gen. 8. Afr. Pl. ed. 2, 233.

Karanart Ree@ion: Orange River Colony; Harrismith, Sankey, 191!

Basutoland, Cooper, 2722! Transvaal, Sanderson !

Eastern REeIonN: on mountains at 2500-6000 ft.: Transkei, Hallack !

Bowker! Tembuland ; Bazeia Mountain, Baur, 384! Griqualand East, Malowe

Mountain, Tyson, 3115! near Kokstad, Tyson, 1687! and in Herb. Norm. Austr.-

Afr., 1083 | Natal; Dargle Farm, Fannin, 36! Riet Vley, Fry in Herb, Galpin,

2749! near Bothas and on a hill near Gillets, Wood, 3397! Mooi River, Wood,

4037! Van Reenen, Wood, 4561! 4778! 5009! 5603! near Emberton, Schlechter,

3228 ! between Pietermaritzburg and Greytown, Wilms, 2144! Zululand ; Sebun-

dini, Haygarth in Herb. Wood, 7554! ; :

. In the original place of publication no specimen or locality is quoted for this

species, and I have not seen the type, but I have examined several specimens

which have been named S. stenoglosswm by Dr. Schlechter himself, and I there-

fore accept that name for this plant, although I do not find the corona-lobes at

all as stated in the original description, which is as follows :—‘‘ Corona-lobes

small, transverse, provided on the inner face with an erect fleshy linear very

acute ligule, with inflexed margins, adorned at the base on each side with a small

scale or gland.” ‘The variety longipes, Schlechter, in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl.

45, 29, is merely a form with the lower peduncles nearly as long as the leaves.

13. S. decipiens (N. E. Br.) ; stem 1-1; ft. high, simple,

compressed, with acute edges, pubescent, with spreading hairs, lower

internodes 3-31 in. long, those above the middle much. shorter;

leaves ascending or spreading, 14-2} in. long, 1-4 lin. broad, linear

or oblong-linear, subobtuse, more or less hastate (or the lower and

upper rounded) at the base, ecabrous-pubescent with spreading hairs

above and on the midrib beneath; umbels 3-4 to a stem, peduncu-

late, racemose, 3-4-flowered ; peduncles 1-11 in. long, pubescent;

bracts 2—24 lin. long, filiform, pubescent ; pedicels 2-3 lin. long,

densely pubescent with spreading hairs; sepals 2-23 lin. long,

2-8 lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent ; eorolla-lobes

aseending, or but slightly spreading, 4-5 lin. long, 1} lin. broad,

lanceolate-oblong, acute or subobtuse, put not rounded at the

apex, slightly concave, glabrous on both sides, sparsely and minutely

ciliate on both margins, marked with 9 blackish-purple veins on 4

greenish or whitish ground ; corona-lobes much shorter than the

staminal column, $ lin. long and broad, suborbicular or subquadrate-

orbicular, with a long appendage decurrent as 2 keels distant from

the margins on the inner face, white or yellowish, with a

purple margin ; appendage arising near the apex of the lobe, and

nearly } as broad as the latter at its base, $-% lin. long, suberect,

overtopping the staminal column, linear, complicate, or deeply

channelled down the inner face, trifid at the apex (or sometimes

entire?), with the teeth recurved and the middle tooth longest ;

staminal column 14 lin. long ; anther-appendages nearly twice as

long as broad, ovate, obtuse, erect in the lower half, then loosely

inflexed clear above and concealing the truncate style-apex 5

caudicles lateral at the middle of the pollen-masses, the, point of

Schizoglossum. ] ASCLEPIADER (Brown). 613

attachment being produced into a rather stout cone; young follicles.

ovate-lanceolate, obtusely beaked, white-tomentose, and covered with

pubescent filiform processes about 2 lin. long.

EASTERN REGION: Natal; South Downs in Weenen County, 5000 ft., Wood,

4395! i

This may easily be mistaken for 3. stenoglosswm, Schlechter, unless dissected.

14, 8. pachyglossum (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1894, 354); stems

6-15 in. high, erect, usually simple, or in strong plants sparingly

branched at about the middle, rather densely leafy, somewhat villous-

tomentose; leaves very numerous, alternate, opposite or whorled,

spreading or ascending ; petiole 1-1} lin. long; blade 4-1} in. long,

3-3 lin. broad, linear-hastate or linear-oblong or lanceolate, acute

or obtuse, often apiculate, hastate or subcordate-hastate at the base,

revolute along the margins, pubescent with short spreading hairs,

somewhat villous along the midrib beneath; umbels numerous, all

pedunculate, or the upper sessile, subaxillary, crowded along the

upper part of the stem, 5-15-flowered; peduncles Q-7 lin, long,

pubescent or subtomentose; bracts 11-2 lin. long, subulate; pedicels

2—4 lin. long, pubescent ; sepals 14 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, lanceolate,

acute, pubescent ; corolla pentagonal in bud, quite glabrous ; lobes

14-12 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, erect, incurved at the

apex, somewhat reflexed at the sides; corona-lobes arising near the

base of the staminal column and slightly overtopping it, j—-{ lin. long,

usually contraeted at the middle into an ovate basa] part 5 liv.

broad, and an upper oblong or rectangular part } lin. broad, bifid,

emarginate or entire at the apex, rarely ovate with a truncate apex,

flat, with a smaller rectangular or oblong, bifid or entire appendage

on the upper part of the inner face, rather shorter than the lobe ;

staminal column # lin. long; filament part short, subcylindric ;

anthers subquadrate, erect; their appendages subreniform, very

obtuse, slightly incurved over the rim of the style-apex at their

tips; their wings obliquely triangular, broadest at the base, scarcely

horny ; pollen-carriers seated much below the rim of the dilated,

pentagonal, concave style-apex; follicles solitary, erect, lanceolate,

beaked, covered with ascending, bristle-like processes, pubescent.

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 421.

Vag. 8, productum (N. E. Br.); corona-lobes with the tapering or linear-

subulate appendage on their inner face exceeding the lobe and overtopping the

staminal column.

Var. y, abbreviatum (N, E. Br.); corona-lobes with a subulate appendage on

bord face, exceeding the lobe, but shorter than or not exceeding the staminat

umn.

Coast Recion: King Williamstown Div.; near King Williamstown, Krook,

817 (ex Schlechter).

. Katanarr Recion: Basutoland; without precise locality, Cooper, 3147

Orange Free State; on a hill near Harrismith, 5000-6000 ft., Wood, 5383 |

Sankey, 178! Besters Vley, near Witzies Hoek, 6000 ft., Bolus, 8110! Flanagan,

1881! Var. 6: Transvaal; Houtbosch, Reimann, 5867 !

_ Eastern Ree@ion: Griqualand East; at the foot of Ingeli Mountains, Tyson,

614 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Schizoglossum.

1648! Insizwa, Krook, 799! Umzimhlava River, Schlechter, 6543! Krook, 794a !

Natal; Krans Kop, McKen, 16! Seven Fontein, near Boston, 8000-4000 ft.,

Wood, 5760! near Enon, Wood, 1873! and without precise locality, Buchanan,

151! Var. y: Natal; without precise locality, Gerrard, 1303 |

_ This plant is evidently variable in the colour of its flowers, as, according to

Wood's 5369, they are greenish-brown, in 5383 yellow and white, and in 5760

green; the corona-lobes also vary. In the size, shape and structure of its flowers

f is almost identical with 9. bidens, H. Meyer, but it is a stouter and taller

plant, with shorter peduncles and pedicels, and more numerous flowers in an

umbel, and is much more pubescent than 8. bidens. Krook, 794a, has been

erroneously distributed with the number 7945 and named S. carinatum.

15. 8. Wallacei (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1895, 268); plant

dwarf, slightly branching from the base; stems erect, densely leafy,

unifariously villous ; leaves exceeding the internodes, 3-1 in. long,

2-4 lin, broad, linear or linear-lanceolate, obtuse, subtruncate-

hastate at the base, with revolute margins, scabrid-pilose above,

glabrous beneath; umbels lateral at the nodes, few-flowered ;

pedunele as long as the leaves, erect, pilose ; pedicels unequal, 3-4

times as long as the flowers, pilose ; sepals half as long as the corolla,

lanceolate, acute, pilose ; corolla-lobes erectly-spreading, 3 lin. long,

12 lin, broad, ovate-oblong, obtuse, with reflexed margins, glabrous

on both sides; corona-lobes ovate, 3-toothed at the apex, with an

appendage on the inner face; lateral teeth erect, much larger than

the minute inconspicuous middle tooth; appendage deeply bifid,

with erect obtuse segments not exceeding the lateral teeth of the

lobe; anther-appendages ovate, very obtuse, inflexed on the style-

apex; caudicles attached to the middle of the ovoid pollen-masses.

Schlechter in Journ. Bot, 1896, 449.

Katanarr Reeron: Orange River Colony; near Heilbron, Wallace.

16. S. bidens (E. Meyer, Comm, 220) ; tuber fusiform, producing

1-3 simple or branched stems 4-9 in. high, pubescent with rather

minute curved hairs; internodes 2-14 lin. long ; leaves ascending,

alternate, opposite or 3-4 in a whorl, often on the same stem, mostly

1-22 in. long, 1-2 lin. broad, linear, with revolute margins, obtuse

or acute, cuneate to subhastate at the base, minutely scabrous-

pubescent above and on the midrib beneath ; petiole 1-12 lin. long;

umbels 3-6 to a stem, usually subcorymbose, pedunculate, 2-6

flowered ; peduncles usually 6-19 lin. long or the uppermost less,

puberulous; bracts 1-1} lin. long, subulate ; pedicels unequal,

slender, 3-9 lin. long, puberulous ; sepals 2 lin, long, 3 lin. broad at

the base, thence tapering to an acute point, pubescent ; corolla-lobes

11-21 lin, long, 7-1} lin. broad, oblong, acute, suberect, replicate,

with the tips incurved and the apex itself shortly recurved, quite

glabrous or with a very few minute hairs on the back, apparently

brownish; corona-lobes shortly overtopping the style-apex, 1-14 hin.

long, 3-2 lin. broad, ovate or ovate-oblong, often narrowed into 4

short linear-oblong upper part, bifid or emarginate at the rather b

apex, with an appendage and 2 parallel keels on the inner face;

Schizoglossum.] —_—ASCLEPIADEH (Brown). — 615

appendage shorter than or rarely exceeding the lobe, erect, 2—} lin.

long, subquadrate or rectangular, truncate, emarginate or bifid;

staminal column 3 lin. long ; anther-appendages reniform, obtuse,

applied to the underside of the broad and rather deeply funnel-shaped

style-apex, which overtops them; pollen-caudicles very slender,

attached near or above the middle of the 1-3 lin.-long linear or

linear-oblong pollen-masses, which are of equal breadth throughout,

obtuse at both ends, paler at the apex, but with no distinct pellucid

space ; follicles solitary, about 1% in. long, 3 in. thick, lanceolate-

fusiform, tapering to a beak, glabrous, thinly covered with filiform

processes 3-1 lin. long. DC. Prodr. viii. 554; Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 3, and Journ. Bot. 1896, 419. Cynanchum

bidens, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 906.

Coast RrGion: Stockenstrom Div. ; Kat Berg, Drége! Queenstown Div. ;

between the Klipplaat and Zwartkei Rivers, Drége, 3424! Table Mountain,

Drege (ex E. Meyer). Cathcart Div.; Blesbok Flats near Windvogel Berg,

Drége, 3422! British Kaffraria, Bowker (and Mrs. Barber), 771!

CENTRAL REGion: Somerset Div.; near Somerset East, 2100 ft., Bolus!

Graaff Reinet Div.; summit of Oude Berg and other mountains near Graaff

Reinet, Bolus, 168! 12149! - :

KaLaHaki Reeron: Orange Free State, Mrs. Barber, 737 !

17. 8. umbellatum (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1894, 356); stem

10-12 in. high, slender, erect, velvety on the upper part, densely

leafy ; leaves longer than the internodes, 1-2 in. long, erect, narrowly

linear, acute, with revolute margins, narrowed at the base into a

short petiole, very shortly pubescent ; umbels lateral at the nodes,

several-flowered ; peduncles 11-13 in. long, tomentose; pedicels

4-5. lin. long, tomentose ; sepals lanceolate, acute, densely pilose ;

corolla-lobes erectly spreading, 13 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, ovate,

obtuse, glabrescent on the back, pilose on the inner face; eorona-

lobes nearly as long as the staminal column, slightly narrowed above

the middle from an ovate base to a bilobed apex, with a slightly

narrower appendage on the inner face, about reaching to the apex of

the lobe, shortly notehed at the apex; anther-appendages large, very

obtuse, inflexed upon the style-apex. Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1896, 421.

Eastern Region: Kaffraria, probably Transkei, Mrs. Barber (ex Schlechter).

This only seems to differ from S. bidens by the corolla-lobes being pubescent

on the inner face, but Dr. Schlechter states that the flowers are also smaller,

18. S. atrorubens (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1594, 353); stem

10-15 in. high, simple, puberulous with curved hairs; leaves 1-2}

in. long, }—-1 lin. broad, linear, acute, often slightly dilated at the

base, but not distinctly hastate, somewhat scabrous, ascending, those

below the middle of the stem numerous and rather crowded, varying

from alternate to verticillate, those above the middle usually in pairs

‘1-14 in. apart; petioles 11 lin. long; umbels 6-8 to a stem, the

terminal 3 or 4 corymbose, the others tacemose, 3-10-flowered ;

peduncles 6-22 lin. long, puberulous ; bracts }—1} lin. long, subulate,

616 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Schizoglossum.

puberulous ; pedicels unequal, 2—4 lin. long, puberulous; sepals

12-11 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, pubescent; corolla-

lobes 13-2 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, suberect, ovate-oblong, with

reflexed margins when alive, minutely notched at the subacute

incurved apex, glabrous on both sides, blackish-purple outside, with a

peculiar lurid greenish tint on the inner face in the dried state ;

corona-lobes slightly overtopping the style-apex, 4-1 lin. long, 3-$

lin. broad, ovate-oblong, emarginate or subtruncate at the rather

broad. apex, erect, with an appendage and 2 slight keels (often

invisible in the dried state) on the inner face, apparently whitish ;

appendage subapical, 2 lin. long, } lin. broad, transversely rectan-

gular, emarginate, abruptly directed over the top of the large diseoid

slightly depressed pentagonal style-apex; staminal column’ % lin.

long; anther-appendages subreniform, applied to the underside of

the style-apex, and scarcely exeeeding its margin ; pollen-caudicles

‘very slender, attached near the middle of the % lin.-long linear

straight pollen-masses, which are obtuse at both ends, and have no

pellucid space. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 420.

Eastern Ructon: Tembuland; Bazeia Mountain, 4000 ft., Baur, 767 !

19. S. Galpinii (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 15);

stem 12-15 in. high, about 3 lin. thick near the base, minutely

pubescent ; internodes many, 3-11 in. long ; leaves erect or ascending,

very shortly petiolate, 3-11 in. long, linear, with strongly revolute

margins, about + lin. broad, dilated and subcordate-hastate at the

1-1} lin. broad base, obtuse, minutely scabrous-pubescent ; umbels

4-6 to a stem, pedunculate, racemose, 3-12-flowered ; peduncle 8-11

‘lin. long, slender, densely puberulous; bracts about 1 lin. long,

filiform ; pedicels 5-8 lin. long, slender, densely puberulous oF

minutely subtomentose ; sepals 1 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, lanceolate,

acute, puberulous; corolla-lobes suberect, slightly ineurved at the

tips, 13-2 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, ovate-oblong, minutely notched at

the subobtuse apex, more or less reflexed along the margins, thinly

puberulous above the middle on the back, glabrous on the inner

face ; corona-lobes slightly overtopping the style-apex, about 1 lin.

long, % lin. broad, flat, broadly elliptic, or somewhat rhomboid-

elliptic, bifid to + of the way down from the pointed apex, with 2

rather indistinct parallel keels and an appendage on the inner face ;

appendage + lin. long, arising at the base of the notch in the lobe,

and slightly exceeding the latter, erect, oblong, widening towards the

base, bifid (or entire Schlechter) ; staminal column almost 1 lin. long;

anther-appendages subreniform, obtuse, erect, pressed against the

side of the thick rim of the broad truncate 5-crenate style-ape*;

which projects over the pollen-carriers ; anther-wings prominent,

triangular in outline; caudicles attached near , the middle of the

inner margin of the narrowly oblong pollen-masses, not at the end.

Schlechter in Journ. Bot, 1896, 420.

Katanari Region: Transvaal; near Barberton, on a hill-side near Rimers

Schizoglossum. | _ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 617

Creek, 3200 ft., Galpin, 861! and on the summit of Saddleback Mountain,

5000 ft., Galpin, 1326!

The flowers are white according to Mr. Galpin, but wheu dried, the corolla

appears to be green and the corona white.

20. S. diversum (N. E. Br.); stems 1-2 ft. high, }—$ lin. thiek

at the base, simple, pubescent; internodes 3-14 in. long; leaves

opposite or 3-4 in a whorl, erect or ascending, 1-2 in. long, $-$

lin. broad, linear or linear-filiform, with revolute margins, acute,

cuneately rounded into the very short petiole at the base, scaberu-

lously puberulous ; umbels often 2-3 at a node, pedunculate, race-

mosely arranged, 3-9-flowered; peduncle 1-1 in. long, adpressed-

puberulous ; bracts $—12 lin. long, filiform, deciduous ; pedicels 13-4

lin. long, adpressed-puberulous; sepals 1-14 lin. long, }—} lin.

broad, lanceolate, acuminate, thinly pubescent; corolla-lobes cam-

panulately spreading, with incurved tips, 14-1} lin. long, }-{ lin.

broad, oblong, narrowed to a minutely notched point, with the

margins slightly recurved, glabrous on both sides, green (Miss

Pegler); corona-lobes white (Miss Pegler), equalling or slightly

overtopping the staminal column, 3—% lin. long }—% lin. broad,

rhomboid-ovate, angular on each side slightly below the middle,

much narrowed above, bifid or emarginate at the apex, where the

sides are somewhat pinched together, just above the middle of the

inner face arises a linear-oblong or ovate-oblong, erect appendage,

3-2 lin. long, 11 lin. broad, exceeding the lobe, bifid, bipartite or

emarginate at the apex, decurrent in 2 parallel keels at the base ;

staminal column 2 lin. long ; anther-appendages reniform, or very

broadly ovate, very obtuse, with their tips slightly inflexed over or

on the rim of the broad depressed style-apex ; caudicles attached at

or near the middle of the straight oblong-linear or oblong-lanceolate

pollen-masses, which have a pellucid area immediately below the

obtuse apex; young follicles fusiform, tapering into a long obtuse

bigs puberulous, and beset with rather stiff ascending bristles 3-1}

in. long.

Coast ReGion: King Williamstown Div. ; Keiskamma, Mrs. Hutton !

Eastern ReGi0N, at 1000-3000 ft.: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker,

6! valleys near Kentani, Miss Pegler, 661! Pondoland ; hills between Umtata

and St. Johns, Bolus, 8701!

Very similar to S. Galpinii, Schlechter, but the leaves are not at all hastate,

the flowers are smaller, the corona-lobes more angular at the sides, and the

anther-wings smaller and much less prominent, besides a different distribution.

21. 8. linifolium (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 4) ;

tuber elongate-oblong or radish-like; stem solitary and simple or

2-branched at the base, usually 6-15 in. (rarely 13-2 ft.) high, }—-$

lin. thick at the base, glabrous; middle and upper internodes

mostly 11-41 in. long; leaves erect, 11-3 in. long, j-1 lin. broad,

filiform or linear, acute, quite glabrous; umbels 2-9 to a stem,

peduneulate, racemose, 3-6-flowered; peduncles }-3} in. long,

rather slender, glabrous, or with a few minute curved hairs;

bracts 1-11 lin. long, filiform, deciduous; pedicels 3-6 lin. long,

618 ASCLEPIADEX (Brown). [ Schizoglossum.

minutely puberulous; sepals 1-1} lin. long, } lin. broad, lanceolate,

acute, more or less pubescent and ciliate; corolla-lobes 13-2 lin.

long, 1-11 lin. broad, spreading, with recurved margins or replicate

in some dried flowers, flat in others, elliptie-oblong, subacute,

glabrous on the back, minutely puberulous (rarely pubescent) on the

inner face or its base, greenish ; corona-lobes arising j—} lin. above

the base of the staminal column, about 2 lin. long, rather thick and

fleshy, ovate or oblong-ovate, produced at the apex on the inner

face into a subulate point 3 lin. long, horizontally inflexed over the

style-apex, without keels (in the dried state) on the inner face, but

with two very minute teeth at the base, sometimes obliterated

by pressure ; staminal column #—12 lin. long ; anther-appendages very

small, about 1-1 lin. in diam., roundish or subreniform, very obtuse,

reaching to, or very slightly inflexed upon the margin of the con-

vex style-apex. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 420. Asclepias

filiformis, Linn. f. Suppl. 169; Thunb. Prodr, 47, in Nov. Act.

Acad. Sc. Petrop. xiv. (1805) 507, Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 154, and

ed. Schultes, 234; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1272; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 277 ;

Poir. Suppl. Encycl. Meth. i. 479; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 81;

Spreng. Syst. i. 847; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 142; Dietr. Syn.

Pl. ii. 893. Asclepias tenwis, and A. Paehystephana, Schlechter im

Journ. Bot. 1896, 454. Lagarinthus tenuis, . Meyer, Comm. 208.

Gomphocarpus tenuis, Dietr. Syn, Pl. ii. 900; Decne in DC. Prodr.

viii. 561. G. pachystephanus, Schlechter in Verhandl. Bot. Brandenb.

xxxv. 52,

Var. 8, centrirostratum (N. E. Br.) ; corona-lobes oblong-ovate, obtuse, with a

subniate point 3 ln. long from the middle of their inner face produced over the

style-apex ; otherwise as in the type.

Coast Reeion: Riversdale Diy.; hills near Zoetemelks River, Burchell,

6730! 6777! Humansdorp Div.; Kromme River, Thunberg! Uitenhage Div. ;

Addo, Drége, 4976! between Coega (Kuga) River and Sunday River, Drege.

Albany Div, ; hills near Grahamstown, MacOwan, 672! Misses Daly §& Sole, 343 !

and without precise locality, Hutton! Stockenstrom Div.; Kat Berg, 2000 ft.»

Hutton ! Queenstown Div.; near Queenstown, Mrs. Barber, 91! Cooper, 2448!

Galpin, 15380! Cathcart Div. ; between Shiloh and Windvogel Mountain, Drége,

3429! Tambukiland, Zeyher! Komgha Div.; hills near Keimouth, Flanagan,

879! King Williamstown Div.; near King Williamstown, Sim, 290! 1642!

Flanagan, 2179! Var. 8: Bathurst Div. ; Trapps Valley, Miss Daly, 677!

rpg Div. ; near Grahamstown, Bolton! Stockenstrom Div. ; Katberg, Miss

e, !

CenTraL Reeion: Somerset Div.; foot of Bosch Berg, MacOwan, 672!

Cradock Div. ; near Cradock, Cooper, 1283! Aliwal North Div.; Klands Hoek,

Bolus, 155 (10475)! Albert Div.; Burghersdorp, Guthrie, 4199 !

KaLawari Region: Basutoland, Cooper, 2727 !

Eastern ReGIon: Transkei; between the Gekau (Geua) River and Bashee

River, Drége! near Butterworth, Bolus, 10190! Kreilis Country, Bowker, 297 !

Tembuland ; Bazeia, Baur, 343! Griqualand East ; around Clydesdale, 2500 ft.,

Tyson, 2167 |

The specimens from near Cape Town, quoted by Thunberg, belong to 8.

aschersonianum.

22. §. aschersonianum (Schlechter in Verhandl. Bot. Ver.

‘Brandenb. xxxv. 48); tuber producing 1 or more erect, simple,

Schizoglossum. | ASCLEPIADEE (Brown). 619

or slightly branched stems, }-1 ft. high, often zigzag, with

internodes 1-1 in. long, puberulous unifariously, bifariously, or all

round; leaves erect or ascending, rarely spreading, 8-15 in. long,

2-12 lin. broad, linear or filiform, glabrous, or thinly and minutely

scaberulous, acute ; umbels 2-9, pedunculate, 3-8-flowered ; peduncles

1—] in, long, puberulous ; bracts minute, subulate ; pedicels 1-3} lin.

long, puberulous; sepals 3-3 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute,

- puberulous; corolla-lobes very spreading or recurved, 1 lin. long,

8 lin. broad, oblong-ovate, obtusely pointed, glabrous on both sides,

but with a minutely papillate inner surface, apparently olive-green

or brownish; corona-lobes white, overtopping the staminal column,

with the basal part 1—} lin. long, 4-3 lin. broad, broadly obovate or

cuneate-subquadrate 3-toothed at the top, more or less reflexed at

the sides, with 2 keels (often obliterated in dried flowers) on the

inner face, but no appendage ; lateral teeth short, oblong, obtuse,

sometimes slightly falcate; middle tooth j-} lin. long, filiform, or

subulate and acute or linear and obtuse to bifid, incurved over the

lin. long staminal column, at least at the tips ; anther-appendages

suborbicular or broadly oblong, very obtuse, inflexed on the truncate

style-apex ; pollen-masses scarcely curved; follicles solitary, 2}—3 in.

long, 21 lin, thick, narrowly fusiform, long-beaked, smooth, glabrous.

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 419. Lagarinthus tenellus, Turez.

in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 1848, i. 256.

Var. f, radiatum (N. E. Br.) ; middle tooth of the corona-lobes } lin. long, .

oblong, notched at the apex, stellately spreading and scarcely reaching to the

level of the style-apex ; otherwise exactly as in the type. ‘

Var. y, pygmeum (N. E. Br.) ; plant usually 2-3 (rarely 5-6) in. high,

usually with several simple or branched stems ; pollen-inasses_ much curved ;

otherwise as in the type. S.pygmeum, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1894, 335,

and 1896, 421.

x Var. 3, longipes (N. E. Br.); stem solitary, simple, 9-10 in. high, with

internodes 1-2} iu. long, puberulous nearly all round; peduncles 1-2} in. long ;

middle tooth of the corona-lobes purple ; otherwise as in the type.

Coast ReGion : Paart Div.; near Paarl, Prior! Cape Div.; Flats and hills

near Cape Town, Thunberg! Burchell, 898! Ecklon, 20! Harvey! Flats at

Sweet Valley, Harvey, 233! Claremont Flats, Schlechter, 300! near .

bosch, Bodkin! near Sandown Road, Wolley Dod, 2437! between Kalk Bay and

‘Fish Hoek, Bolus, 4986! Stellenbosch Div. ; hills near Gordons Bay, Bolus!

Var. 8: Cape Div. ; Simous Bay, Wolley Dod, 847! V’r. y: Albany Div.; near

‘Grahamstown, MacOwan, 247! 906! in low valleys, Mrs. Barter, 223! British

Kaffraria, Mrs. Barber (Bowker), 7771! Cooper, 3148! King Williamstown Div. ;

near King Williamstown, Flanagan, 2171! Var.3: Humansdorp Div. ; in Long

Kloof near Kromme River Heights, Bolus, 2400!

CENTRAL REGION: Var. y: Somerset Div.; near Somerset East and on the

plain at the foot of Bosch Berg, 2000-2800 ft., MacOwan, 1654!

usually dwarfer, with more. numerous stems or branches, but I have seen

specimens with a solitary simple stem, and others of 3. aschersonianum that are as

620 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [Schizoglossum.

dwarf and as much branched as in S. pygymeum; in floral structure they are

alike, so that there seems no tangible distinction. Var. longipes has a different

appearance and may prove distinct, but I have only seen a single specimen, and

the floral structure is the same as in S. aschersonianum. Living plants may exhibit

distinctions not observable in dried specimens.

Gomphocarpus hispidus, Turez., quoted by Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx.

Beibl. 51, 32 in a note, I have been unable to find, and suspect it to be intended

for Lagarinthus hispidus, Turez. Dr. Schlechter, however, refers it to Gompho-

carpus involucratus (Xysmalobium involucratum). ;

23. S. aciculare (N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. 1. 363) ;

plant 2-10 in. high, with 2 or more stems, or branching at the

base; stems or branches with internodes }—} in. long, puberulous,

with minute curved hairs; leaves very spreading, subsessile, or

very shortly petiolate, 1-3 in. long, 1-2 lin. broad, linear, acute,

thinly puberulous above, glabrous, or nearly so beneath; umbels

5-7 to a stem, racemose, pedunculate, 6-10-flowered ; peduncles

5-10 lin. long, puberulous on one side; bracts 1-12 lin. long,

lanceolate-subulate; pedicels 1-13 lin. long, puberulous ; sepals

11-11 lin, long, 3-2 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute ; corolla

usually, but not always lobed nearly to the base; lobes

erect, with recurving or revolute tips, 1$-2} lin. long, scarcely

1 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute or subobtuse, concave in the lower

part, somewhat thickened, and very minutely papillate-puberulous

on the inner face of the recurved apical half, elsewhere quite

glabrous ; corona-lobes erect, 2-21 lin, long, subulate from a spathu-

late-subeordate base, which is } lin. broad, with the auricles inflexed

and forming a minute tooth on each side of the inner face, which

is transversely thickened into a ridge just above them; staminal

column J1-11 lin. long, of which the anther-appendages occupy

more than half, much exceeding the style, } lin. broad, ovate,

acuminate, or lanceolate, acute, connivent-erect, white ; anther-wings

very prominent, angular at the middle; caudieles terminal at the

tapering apex of the pollen-masses; style-apex 4 lin. long, conical,

minutely 2-lobed. Stenostelma capense, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviil..

Beibl. 45, 6; xx. Beibl. 51, 41, and in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vii. 40.

Katauari Region: Griqualand West ; between the Vaal River and Lower

Campbell, Burchell, 1791! near Kimberley, Flanagan, 1693! Warrenton, Miss

Adams,1! Orange River Colony ; Leeuw Spruit or Vredefort, Barrett Hamilton !

‘Transvaal ; at the foot of the Magaliesberg Range, Schlechter, 3689 !

Also in Tropical Africa.

_Schlechter has placed this plant in a separate genus, on account of the conical

bifid style-apex (not the stigma as described by Schlechter) ; but this organ 1s

very variable in several genera, e.g. Cynanchum, Secamone, Xysmalobium,

Pachycarpus, and to some extent in Schizoglossum, that of S. aciculare being

the most extreme variation in that genus, but not sufficiently so as to warrant

its generic separation in my opinion, In one specimen of Schlechter’s 3689 the

corolla-lobes are connate nearly to their middle into a globose-campanulate

tube, in all others examined the corolla is lobed nearly to the base.

_ 4. 8. garcianum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb, xxxviii. 28, and

30, fig. 1, A-K); plant 6-10 in. high, branching from the base,

Schizoglossum. | ASCLEPIADEH (Brown). 621

branches pubescent along 2 broad lines, with internodes {—y in.

long; leaves numerous, opposite, widely spreading, 1)-2% in. long,

3-2 lin. broad, linear, acute, with revolute margins, glabrous or

very slightly puberulous with minute scattered hairs ; umbels 2—3:

to a branch, pedunculate, subcorymbose, 6—8-flowered ; peduncles

9-6 lin. long, puberulous; bracts about 14 lin. long, puberulous ;

pedicels 14-2 lin. long, puberulous; sepals 1} lin. long, > lin. broad,

lanceolate, acute, thinly puberulous; corolla-lobes 2-2} lin. long,

11 lin. broad, ascending, oblong-ovate, acute, glabrous on both sides,

but with an exceedingly minute papillation on the inner face ;

corona-lobes 1 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, ovate, acute, with an append-

age and 2 stout, slightly diverging keels on the inner face ; append-

age 4-1 lin. long, arising close to the apex of the lobe, subulate

from a stout conical base decurrent as keels, directed over the

top of the 12 lin.-long staminal column, recurved at the apex;

anther-appendages subreniform-orbicular, erect, applied to the sides,

and not quite reaching up to the margin of the depressed or crater-

like style-apex.

KaLanart Region: Transvaal; Komati Poort, Kirk, 108! hills near Komati

Poort, 900 ft., Schlechter, 11730, 11734!

25. §. crassipes (S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1902, 383); tuber

oblong, with an elongated neck branching into many stems at

the ground-level; stems 13-15 in. long, apparently decumbent

or procumbent, but according to Guthrie up to 15 in. high,

bifariously puberulous; leaves spreading; petiole }-1 lin, long;

blade 2-23 in, long, 2-3 lin. broad above the basal lobes,

linear-hastate or linear, acute, cuneately narrowed below the

short spreading obtusely triangular basal lobes or angles into

the petiole, often revolute or slightly thickened along the

margins, glabrous; umbels 1-5 to a stem, lateral at the nodes

and terminal, pedunculate, 3—6-flowered ; pedunele varying from

2 lin. to 14 in. long, minutely puberulous or nearly glabrous ; bracts

1-12 lin. long, subulate, deciduous, or oecasionally large, leaf-like,

and persistent; pedicels 2—4 lin. long, minutely puberulous ; sepals

8_] lin, long, 4 lin, broad, lanceolate, acute, puberulous or almost

glabrous on the back; corolla lobed nearly to the base, quite

glabrous or occasionally with here and there a hair outside, purple-

brown outside, white within (ex. Guthrie) ; lobes erect or ereetly-

spreading, 11-15 lin. long, 3-2 lin. broad, oblong-lanceolate, minutely

notched at the subacute apex, with revolute margins and recurved

tips; corona-lobes arising about + lin. above the base of the staminal

column, and attaining the same level, 2-1 lin. long, 3—$ lin, broad,

rectangular or subquadrate, very shortly stalked at the base, thickened

in a somewhat horse-shoe or A-shaped manner, and produced: into

a very short obtuse point on the inner face at the otherwise rounded

or subtruncate apex, the side angles of which are sometimes slightly

horizontally produced, and sometimes with a minute tooth below

them, flat, not keeled down the face or back, and without an

622 ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). [ Schizoglossum.

appendage ; staminal column 3-] lin. long; anther-appendages

broadly ovate, obtuse, inflexed over the depressed-truncate style-

apex; anther-wings triangular, broadest at about the middle;

eaudicles attached to the apex of the large flat, pear-shaped pollen-

masses ; follicles solitary, 1j-1{ in. long, narrowly ovoid-fysiform,

beaked, puberulous, and beset with stout bristle-like processes.

Lagarinthus eustegioides, E. Meyer, Comm, 207. Gomphocarpus

eustegioides, Dietr. Syn. ii. 901; Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 559.

Asclepias eustegioides, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 6,

and in Journ. Bot. 1896, 452.

Centra Reaion: Graaff Reinet Div.; Sneeuwberg Range, Drege, 3438!

Colesberg Div.; near Colesberg, Shaw ? Albert Div.; Burghersdorp, Guthrie,

48B! 4880!

Katanart Region: Orange River Colony; Leeuw Spruit or Vredefort,

Barrett-Hamilton !

The corona-lobes of this plant are very similar to those of Xysmalobium

brownianwm, 8S. crassipes was described from a very small plant with stems

14-2 in. long, probably stunted by drought, whilst Guthrie, 48B, which is very

different in general appearance, is from a very luxuriant plant, stated on the label

to be 10-15 in. high; but all the specimens quoted unquestionably belong to the

same species. E. Meyer's description and drawing in his Herbarium of the

corona-lobes of Lagarinthus eustegioides is quite wrong. I have dissected his

type and find it identical with the other specimens quoted above.

96. S. orbiculare (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 19) ;

plant 3-4 in. high, with several erect, simple stems, puberulous on

the upper part, densely leafy; leaves 7-14 lin. long, 1 lin. broad,

erect, exceeding the internodes, linear, acute, with revolute margins,

narrowed into a short petiole at the base, glabrescent ; umbels

lateral at the nodes, pedunculate, about 6-flowered ; peduncle erect,

much shorter than the leaves, thinly puberulous; pedicels 3-3 28

long as the peduncle, thinly puberulous ; sepals 1 lin. long, lanceo-

late, acute, shortly pilose ; corolla-lobes erectly-spreading, 2 lin. long,

1 lin. broad, oblong, subobtuse, with reflexed margins, glabrous ;

corona-lobes shorter than the staminal-column, suborbicular, obtuse,

fleshy with a short obtuse appendage at the apex of the inner face

slightly exceeding the lobe; anther-appendages suborbicular, very

ones inflexed on the style-apex. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896,

21.

Easrern ReGion : Natal; Wessels Neck, 4300 ft. rare, Schlechter, 3895.

Of this I have only seen a copy of Dr. Schlechter’s drawing of the floral

dissections of his type, from which I partly describe. It seems to be allied to

S. crassipes, but that species has rectangular or su uadrate shortly stalked

corona-lobes thickened at the apex on the inner face, but without a distinct

appendage. |

97, S. umbelluliferum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51,

94); a dwarf branching plant 3-4 in. high; branches erectly

spreading, puberulous ; leaves erect, very shortly petiolate, 1;—-2$ In-

long, narrowly linear, acute, with revolute margins, glabrate, paler

beneath ; umbels lateral at the nodes, much shorter than the leaves,

few-flowered ; peduncle about 5 lin..long, deflexed after flowering ;

Schizoglosswm.] ASCLEPIADEE (Brown). ’ 623

pedicels shorter than the peduncle, puberulous, pendulous after

flowering ; sepals half as long as the corolla, lanceolate, acute, slightly

puberulous ; corolla-lobes very spreading, about 1 lin. long, ovate-

lanceolate, obtuse, with recurved margins, glabrous; corona-lobes not

as long as the staminal column, erect, fleshy, oblong-ligulate, obtuse,

with 2 keels on the inner face; anther-appendages ovate, obtuse,

with the tips incurved over the style-apex. Schlechter in Journ.

Bot. 1896, 421.

KatanarRi ReGion: Transvaal; on the plain at the foot of the Magalies

Berg, 4600 ft., Schlechter, 3687.

I doubt if this is really distinct from S. orbiculare, Schlechter ; only one

specimen of each supposed species was found, and Dr. Schlechter states that at first

he considered them both to belong to one species. I have not seen either. Are

they distinct from S. crassipes ?

28. S. Peglere (N. E. Br.); tubers small, often 2 or 3 to a plant,

2-4 lin. long, 14-2 lin. thick, ovoid; stem solitary, erect, simple,

or branched at the base, 4-8 in. high, pubescent; leaves 3-14 in.

long, 1-21 lin. broad, lanceolate, linear-oblanceolate or linear-sub-

spathulate, the lower opposite, the rest verticillate, slightly and

minutely pubescent along the revolute margins and on the midrib

beneath, otherwise glabrous, or nearly so ; fascicles or sessile umbels

often 2 at a node, 3-5-flowered ; pedicels 2-33 lin. long, puberulous ;

sepals about 1 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute ; corolla

rotate, or perhaps slightly reflexed ; lobes 14 lin. long, 3 lin. broad,

oblong-ovate, subacute, quite glabrous on both sides; corona-lobes

$ lin. long, and as much in breadth, erect, subquadrate-ovate, bifid

at the apex, with the teeth usually minutely denticulate on the

inner margin, and inflexed upon the top of the staminal column,

2-keeled on the inner face, without any appendage, and with a rather

broad shallow groove down the back ; staminal column rather more

than } lin. long ; anther-appendages minute, cuneate-oblong, truncate,

abruptly inflexed over the rim of the crater-like style-apex: young

follicles solitary, much swollen at the middle, and equally tapering

to a long obtuse beak and stalk-like base, minutely subtomentose. —

Eastern Reaion: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker, 16! Kentani Div. ;

near the coast, on grassy veld, 100 ft., rare, Miss Pegler, 1289!

29. 8. heterophyllum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54,

4); plant 2-6 in. high, branching at the base, rarely unbranched ;

branches erect, pubescent; leaves 1-1 in. long, 3-3 lin. broad,

ascending or spreading, the upper often whorled, linear or linear-

oblong, or the lower ovate-lanceolate or ovate, acute at the apex,

subtruncate, subhastate or rounded at the base, revolute at the

margins, subscabrous-pubescent to nearly glabrous above, pubescent

on the midrib beneath; umbels sessile at the nodes, 3-14-flowered ;

pedieels 13-5 lin. long, pubescent; corolla-lobes rotately spreading,

1-14 lin. long, 2-2 lin. broad, oblong or ovate-oblong, subacute,

with recurved margins, with or without a few hairs on the back,

glabrous, or with a minute whitish papillation (not a distinct

624 ASCLEPIADEX (Brown). [ Schizoglosswm.

pubescence) on the inner face, not ciliate, green, or greenish-brown;

eorona-lobes exceeding the staminal column, }—3 lin. long to the

tips of their points, with an appendage and 2 keels on their inner

face; basal part varying from subquadrate with rectangular or

rounded shoulders and truncately contracted or rounded into a

subulate point to broadly ovate and acute, the point is probably

directed outwards, but in some dried specimens appears erect or

incurved ; appendage shorter than, or subequalling the point of the

lobe, 1-2 lin. long, subulate or deltoid, acute, directed over the

2 lin. long staminal column ; anther-appendages suborbicular ;

follicles and seeds probably as in var. 8. Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1896, 419, not of elsewhere. 8S. villosum, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb.

xviii. Beibl. 45, 29, and Journ. Bot. 1896, 420. Aspidoglossum

heterophyllum, E. Meyer, Comm. 200; Decne in DOC. Prodr. viii.

555.

Var. 8, schinzianum (N. EH. Br.) ; plant usually more branched than in the

type; leaves spreading; corolla-lobes 14-18 lin. long, about { lin. broad,

apparently dark brown or greenish-brown with a minute whitish papillation on

the inner face ; corona-lobes 14 lin. long to the tips of their points, their appen-

dage subulate to linear, acute, obtuse or bifid ; follicle solitary, erect, 1$-24 in,

long, about } in. thick, fusiform, tapering to an acute beak, thinly beset with

ascending fine subulate processes about 1 lin. long and puberulous all over; seeds

about 2} lin. long, 1} lin. broad, ovate, concave on one side, couvex on the

other, rugose with long and short irregular acute ridges, glabrous, dark brown,

otherwise as in the type. S. schinzianwm, Schlechter in Verhandl. Bot. Ver.

Brandenb. xxxv. 51.

Var. y, majus (N. E. Br.); leaves sometimes deflexed, with or without

undulate margins, ninutely subscabrous to very pubescent ; corolla-lobes 2 lin.

long, 1 lin, broad, dark*browr. or greenish-brown, with a minute whitish papilla-

tion on the inner face ; corona-lobes 14-18 lin. long to the tips of their points,

with their appendage subulate and entire or linear and bifid or trifid at the

apex ; otherwise as in the type.

Souru AFRICA: without locality, Mrs. Barber, 112! Var. y, Prior!

Coast REGION: Stellenbosch Div.; hills near Gordons Bay, Bolus! Caledon

Div. ; mountains near Genadendal, Bolus, 8479! Zwart Berg, near Caledon, »

1000 ft., Bolus, 6689! George Div.; Outeniqua Mountains, near Roodemuur,

2000-2500 ft., Drege! near George, 600 ft., Schlechter 2387! Port Elizabeth

Div.; near Port Elizabeth, Mrs. Holland, 38! Bathurst Div.; Round Hill,

Bolus, 6695! Albany Div.; Brookhuizens Poort, 2500 ft., MacOwan, 1021!

King Williamstown Div.; Keiskamma, Mrs. Hutton! Kaffirland, Brownlee!

Var. 8B: Cape Div.; Devils Mountain, Rehmann, 1057! Orange Kloof, Wolley

Dod, 2406! near Rondebosch, Fair in Herb. Bolus! Caledon Div. ; Zwart Berg,

near Caledon, 1200 ft., Bolus, 6689! 7409! Var. y: Uitenhage Div.; Van

Stadens Mountains, Zeyher, 347 !

This appears to be a variable species; the typical S. heterophyllum is very

different in point of size and appearance from var. majus, but is distinctly con-

nected with that by weak specimens of var. schinzianum, and I can find no

characters but the size of the flowers to distinguish the three; the form

of the corona-lobes is the same in all; possibly the living plants may exhibit

differences not evident in dried specimens. There is an earlier reference to

§. heterophyllwm (Schlechter in Verhandl, Bot. Ver, Brandenb, xxxv. 51 in note

under 8. schinzianum, and in Engl, Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 16) which cannot

belong to this plant, since from Dr. Schlechter’s note under 8, villosum (Hugl.

Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 30) it is evident that the corolla-lobes of bis S. hetero-

phyllum are not glabrous on the inner face, as they wre in typical S, hetero-

. Schizoglosswm.] ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). ' 625

phyllum. Therefore I only quote here the latter reference which distinctly

refers to the type of Aspidoglossum heterophyllum in E. Meyer’s Herbarium,

which I have dissected side by side with the type of 8. villosum, Schlechter,

and find to be identical with that.

30. 8. consimile (N. E. Br.) ; plant 3~4 in. high ; stem simple or

with 1 basal branch, erect, pubescent, with 2-5 leafy nodes below

the lowest flowering node; leaves gl in. long, 3-32 lin. broad, all

- linear or linear-lanceolate or the lower ovate, lanceolate or oblong,

acute, rounded or cuneate at the base, those at the flowering nodes

often whorled, minutely pubescent above, roughly and sparsely

pubescent on the midrib beneath; umbels sessile at the nodes, 3-9-

flowered ; pedicels 22~3 lin. long, pubescent ; sepals 11 lin. long,

lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent ; corolla-lobes 14-2 lin. long, 2-1 lin.

broad, oblong, subacute, more or less reflexed, glabrous outside,

rather densely pubescent all over on the inner face, not ciliate ;

corona-lobes twice as long as the staminal column, basal part 2 lin.

long, 2 lin. broad, suborbieular or transversely or broadly rhomboid-

ovate, abruptly narrowed into an erectly spreading (or in some

flowers apparently erect with incurved tips) filiform point 3~1 lin.

long, and with 2 subparallel keels and a filiform appendage 3-2 lin.

long on the inner face arising at the base of the terminal point and

directed over the 2 lin.-long staminal column; anther-appendages

rounded or subreniform, erect ; anther-wings remarkably and abruptly

projecting at the base in small rounded or subangular lobules.

Coast Reeion: Albany Div.; mountains of Broekhuisens Poort, 2200 ft.,

near Grahamstown, MacQwan, 660! Coldstream, near Grahamstown, South,

627! Bathurst Div. ; hills near the Great Fish River, “ Asclepiad, 50” Zeyher!

Similar to 8. heterophyllum, differing in having the inner face of the corolla

very pubescent and much longer corona-lobes. Possibly this may be the plant

intended for S. heterophyllum by Schlechter in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb.

xxxy. 51, under &. schinzianum, and in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 16, see

note under 8, heterophyllum.

31. S. uncinatum (N. E. Br.); plant 4-5 in, high, usually branch-

ing at the base; stems with 3-6 internodes, pubescent all round ;

leaves usually opposite, occasionally whorled at the flowering nodes,

ascending or slightly spreading; petiole 1-14 lin. long; blade 3-12

in. long, 3-1 in. broad, linear, oblong or elliptic, acute or obtuse,

rounded or subtruncate at the base, revolute along the margins,

pubescent all over above and on the veins beneath ; umbels sessile

at the nodes, 2-8-flowered ; bracts filiform; pedicels 21—4 lin. long,

pubescent ; sepals 1-12 lin. long, } lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate,

pubescent; corolla slightly pubescent outside, glabrous within ;

lobes 12 lin, long, 2 lin. broad, campanulately ascending, oblong,

with abruptly reflexed acute tips and broadly recurved margins ;

corona-lobes much longer than the staminal column, 1 lin. long,

2 lin. broad, oblong or subrectangular, with angular shoulders,

narrowed above into an erect deltoid acute point, and with a subulate

appendage and 2 parallel keels on the inner face ; appendage 3-1 lin.

VOL. IV.—SECT. I.—PART IV. a8

626 ASCLEPIADEX (Brown). [ Schizoglossum.

long, 2-3 times as long as the apical point, ascending, abruptly

incurved or hooked at its apex; staminal column { lin. long; anther-

appendages + lin. long, broadly ovate, obtuse, loosely incurved over

the depressed-truncate top of the style.

Coast Reaion: Stockenstrom Div.; Kat Berg, Zeyher! British Kaffraria,

Mrs. Hutton !

32. §. ovalifolium (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45,

5); stems 5-8 in. high, simple, 3-3 lin. thiek, shortly villous ;

leaves in 5-8 pairs, very shortly petiolate, very spreading, {—1} in.

long, 4-1 in. broad, elliptic, ovate or oblong, acute or obtuse and

apiculate, rounded at the base, with narrowly revolute margins,

thinly covered with short spreading hairs on both sides; umbels

3-4, sessile at the nodes, 3-5-flowered ; bracts 2 lin. long, filiform ;

pedicels 3-4 lin. long, shortly villous; sepals 23-3 lin. long, ¢ lin.

broad, narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, shortly villous ; corolla-lobes

spreading, 3-3} lin. long, li lin. broad, oblong-ovate, subacute,

pubescent on the back, glabrous on the inner face; corona-lobes

with a broadly euneate basal part 1-1} lin. long, 15 hn. broad, having

acutely angular shoulders, and truncately contracted into an erect or

perhaps slightly recurving filiform point 14-2 lin. long, with a rather

stout tooth-like appendage, } lin. long on the inner face, horizontally

extended over the top of the 1-lj lin.-long staminal column and

decurrent below as a keel; anther-appendages orbicular, inflexed on

the broad truncate style-apex. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 420.

Coast Rzcion: K iv. $ mgha, 2000 ft.,

Flanagan, 1307 ! omgha Div.; grassy slope near Komg

In one flower of this plant I found the corona-lobes nearly all connate so as

to form an imperfect cup.

33. 8. Macowani (N. E. Br.); tuber elongated; stem solitary,

simple, 2-42 in. high, pubescent, with 3-5 leafy nodes below the

lowest flowering node ; leaves spreading, those at the flowering nodes

3-5 in a whorl, 3-12 in. long, 1-3 lin. broad, linear or linear-

lanceolate, acute or subobtuse, somewhat rounded at the base into

a very short petiole, revolute along the margins, seabrid-pubescent

above and on the midrib (or sparsely all over) beneath; umbels

sessile at the nodes, 3-6-flowered ; pedicels 3-43 lin. long, pubescent ;

sepals 14-2 lin. long, 3% lin. broad, reflexed with the corolla, but

not permanently, lanceolate, acute, pubescent ; corolla-lobes reflexed,

3-31 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, oblong-lanceolate, minutely notched

at the subacute apex, recurved or somewhat revolute along the

margins, glabrous on both sides or thinly pubescent on the back

and slightly puberulous at the base on the inner face, purple (Jlrs.

Barber) ; corona-lobes 3 times as long as the staminal column 5 l

11-12 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad, subquadrate or subrectangular,

3-toothed at the top, with 2 parallel keels and an appendage oP

the inner face; lateral teeth about % lin. long, falcate, entire,

thickened on the inner face into oblique keels which join the two

Schizoglossum.] ASCLEPIADE& (Brown), 627

from the appendage ; middle tooth 11-2 lin. long, erect, linear-subu-

late, shortly hooked or revolute at the apex; appendage 11~2 lin.

long, arising at the base of the middle tooth, and shorter than, or

about equalling it, linear-subulate, simple, erect, straight, or recurved

at the apex ; basal alternating teeth, short and broad, erect, rounded

or subtruncate ; staminal column 3~1 lin. long; anther-appendages

broadly ovate, obtuse or acute, with their tips inflexed over the

rim of the crater-like style-apex.

Var. B, tugelense (N. E. Br.); plant 34 in. high, with only 3 leafy nodes

below the lowest flowering node ; leaves 4-3 in. long, 4-5 lin, broad, elliptic or

elliptic-obovate, very obtuse, thinly puberulous on both sides; basal part of the

corona-lobes 14 lin. long, ¢ lin, broad; otherwise as in the type.

Coast Reeion: Albany Div.; near Grahamstown, 2000 ft., MacOwan,

1042! Bolton!

EasTERN Reeion: Transkei; Tsomo, rare (Bowker), Mrs. Barber, 789!

Var. 8: Natal; Tugela, Gerrard, 1807 !

34. S. grandiflorum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45,

27); stem 63-8 in. high, angulate, puberulous above, densely leafy ;

leaves spreading, 1-21 in. long, 21~5 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute,

glabrous, ciliate on the revolute margins ; umbels sessile at the nodes,

2—5-flowered ; pedicels 4 lin. long, pilose ; sepals 14 lin. long, lan-

ceolate, acute, pilose; corolla-lobes reflexed-spreading, ovate, acute,

with the margins reflexed in the upper part, glabrous; corona-lobes

subquadrate, 3-toothed at the top, with an appendage above the

middle on the inner face; lateral teeth short, linear, very acute,

inflexed ; middle tooth erect, much exceeding the staminal column,

flexuose and inflexed above the style-apex at the tips; appendage

ligulate, acute, shorter than the middle tooth of the lobe and

inflexed over the style-apex ; anther-appendages rounded, inflexed

on the style-apex. Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 17, and

Journ. Bot. 1896, 420.

Court Recion: Bathurst Div.; grassy places near Port Alfred, Schlechter,

47.

Eastern Recron: Natal; Inchanga Hills, 3800 ft., Schlechter, 3246b.

Is this distinct from S. robustum? I have not seen it.

35. 8. Harveyi (N. E. Br.) ; tuber elongated ; stem solitary, 3-9 in.

high, pubescent with 6-12 leaf-bearing nodes below the flowering

part ; leaves 3—% in. long, 312 lin. broad, all but the lower in whorls

of 3-4, spreading or ascending, linear, acute, base rounded,

pubescent on the revolute margins and on the midrib beneath,

subsessile, or with petioles 1-1 lin. long; umbels sessile at

the nodes, 3-5-flowered; pedicels 2-5 lin. long, pubescent ;

- Sepals 1-1 lin, long, 1-4 lin. broad, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate,

acute, pubescent; corolla-lobes spreading, 1-2 lin. long, 1 lin.

broad, elliptic-oblong, minutely notched at the subobtuse apex,

glabrous on the back, very minutely papillate-puberulous on the

inner face; corona-lobes much overtopping the staminal column;

basal part 2 lin. long and broad, subquadrate, slightly broader at the

ss 2

628 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [Schizoglossum.

top where it is truncately contracted into a subulate slightly

incurved point % lin. long, furnished on the inner face with 2

keels and a simple subulate or more or less deeply bifid appendage

1 lin. long, directed over the ¢ lin.-long staminal column ; anther-

appendages suborbicular, or slightly transverse, erect, just reaching

to the rim of the broad truncate apex of the style.

Coast Region: Cape Div.; near Cape Town at Wynberg Hill, very rare,

Harvey ! Bolus, 4488! Camps Bay, Harvey !

36. S. contracurvum (N. E. Br.) ; stems erect, 5-6 in. high, 1 lin,

thick, simple, shortly hairy ; leaves verticillate at the middle and

upper part of the stem, opposite below, erect or ascending,

1-1: in. long, 1-3- lin. broad, linear or linear-lanceolate, acute,

base subtruncate, margins revolute, subsessile, or with petioles

up to 1 lin. long, coarsely pubescent above and on the midrib

beneath with short ‘spreading hairs; flowers in 1-2 pairs at each

of the upper nodes, the pairs alternating with the whorled leaves ;

pedicels 32-6 lin. long, coarsely pubescent or subglabrous ; sepals

reflexed, 11 lin. long, }—% lin. broad, ovate or ovate-lanceolate,

acuminate, coarsely pubescent; corolla reflexed ; lobes about 23 lin,

long, 11-11 lin. broad, elliptic-ovate or oblong-ovate, subacute,

glabrous on both sides; corona-lobes much overtopping the staminal

column ; basal part 2 lin. long and rather more in breadth, transversely

oblong, truncately contracted into an erect or slightly incurved

subulate point 11-12 lin. long, and furnished on the inner face with

2 keels and a strongly recurving subulate appendage about 12 lin.

long, having a small auricle on each side of its base ; staminal column

% lin. long ; anther-appendages subreniform-ovate, obtuse, with their

tips incurved over the rim of the slightly depressed style-apex.

Eastern Recion; Natal; Greenwich Farm, Riet Vley, Pry in Herb.

Galpin, 2747!

37. §. pumilum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 21) >

stem solitary, 14-6 in. high, simple, erect, shortly pubescent ; leaves

in 5-8 pairs or pairs and whorls, 3-5 of them below the lowest

flowering node, erect or ascending, 3-17 in. long, 2-1} lin. broad,

linear or linear-lanceolate, acute, with revolute margins, minutely

subscabrous or thinly puberulous above, thinly pubeseent on the

midrib bencath; umbels 2-3, sessile, often crowded, 5-7 -flowered ;

pedicels 21-4 lin. long, pubescent; sepals 1 lin. long, lanceolate,

acuminate, thinly pubescent ; corolla-lobes very spreading OF slightly

reflexed, 13-2} lin, long, 1-14 lin. broad, oblong-ovate or oblong,

subacute, glabrous on both sides, or with a few hairs on the back,

apparently dull or olive-green (green, Sankey), drying brown ; corona”

lobes greenish-white, with a darker dorsal stripe, with basal part

cuneately subquadrate, } lin. long, ¢ lin. broad, with subrectangular

shoulders, truncately contracted into a filiform point 1-1} lin, long,

which is probably spreading, but in some dried flowers appears erect,

with a filiform-subulate appendage % lin. long arising at the base

Schizoglosswm:] | AscLEPIADEH (Brown). 629

of the point, and closely inflexed on the top of the 1 lin,-long

staminal column, decurrent at the base into 2 keels; anther-appendages

orbicular-ovate, very obtuse, inflexed on the top of the truncate

5-crenate style-apex. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 421.

KataHariI ReGIon: Orange River Colony; Bethlehem, Richardson! Harri-

smith, Sankey, 180! Transvaal; between Waterval River and Zuikerbosch

Rand, 4600 ft., Schlechter, 3496 !

38. §. dissimile (N. E. Br.); stems 5-8 in, high, simple or

occasionally branched at the base, pubescent, very leafy; leaves

ascending, opposite below, whorled or alternate above, shortly

petiolate, 2-1 in. long, 2-43 lin. broad, linear or narrowly oblong,

acute, truncate or broadly rounded at the base, revolute along the

margins, pubescent above and on the midrib beneath; umbels sessile

at the nodes, 3—8-flowered; pedicels 31-5 lin. long, puberulous ;

sepals reflexed, 11-15 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, gradually tapering from

the base to the very acute apex, pubescent ; corolla-lobes reflexed, 2-3

lin. long, 1-11 lin. broad, oblong or elliptic-oblong, acute, with

more or less recurved margins, thinly pubescent on the back, glabrous

on the inner face, apparently dark brown or dull greenish-brown ;

corona-lobes $~1 lin, long (including the teeth), 1 lin. broad, subquad-

rate, shortly 3-toothed at the top, with 2 central parallel keels, a small

oblique auricle-like or crested keel from the base of each side tooth,

and an appendage on the inner face, apparently whitish, with an

elongated purple-brown median spot on the back ; median tooth

4-3 lin. long, broadly deltoid, acute; lateral teeth rather shorter,

faleate, acute, often denticulate on the margin; appendage arising

slightly above the middle of the lobe, much evertopping the staminal

column, 13-2} lin, long, subulate, erect at the base, then recurved

over and far beyond the back of the lobe; staminal column {~1 lin.

long; anther-appendages transverse, broadly rounded at the tips,

which are inflexed over the concave style-apex. S. fasciculare,

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1895, 354-5, and 1896, 420, not elsewhere.

Aspidoglossum fascieulare, Harv. Thes. Cap. i. 57, t. 90, not of

. Meyer. :

Var. 8, pubiflorum (N. E. Br.) ; corolla-lobes about 2} lin. long, 1} lin. broad,

pubescent all over the inner face, thinly pubescent on the apical half at the

back, otherwise as in the type.

Coast ReGion: Stutterheim Div.; Fort Cunnynghame, 4000 ft., Sim!

Var. 8: Cathcart Div.; Blesbok Flats, near Windvogel Mountain, Drége!

Eastern ReGion; ‘Transkei, Mrs. Barber (Bowker), 93! Tembuland;

Bazeia, 2500 ft., Baur, 380!

According to a note on the original — in Harvey’s Herbarium, t. 90 in

the Thesaurus Capensis was made from Mrs. Barber’s 93, but the corona-

lobes are not complicate as there represented, and the keel down their back I

have only seen indicated in one specimen (that of Sim), where it may be due to

the folding of the lobe in drying. In the other specimens I find no trace of it.

Var. 8 is one of the two plants distributed by Drége- under the name Aspido-

glossum fasciculare, and was accepted as such by Harvey, but its floral structure

18 quite different from the type of that species.

630 ASCLEPIADEX (Brown). | Schizoglosswm.

39. S. ciliatum (Schlechter in Journ. Bot, 1895, 354); stem 43-8 in,

high, solitary, simple, hairy-pubescent, with 1-3 leaf-bearing nodes

below the flowering part; leaves in 5-7 pairs, or those at the flower-

ing nodes sometimes whorled, ascending, 2-13 in, long, 1-4} lin.

broad, subsessile or shortly petiolate, linear to lanceolate-oblong or

oblancéolate-oblong, obtuse or acute, rounded at the base, pubescent

or minutely scabrous above, pubescent on the midrib and veins

beneath ; umbels 3-6, lateral at the nodes, sessile, or the lower

occasionally pedunculate, 2—6-flowered ; peduncles 0-2} lin, long;

pedicels 3-4 lin. long, pilose or pubescent ; sepals 11-14 lin. long,

1 Jin. broad at the base, thence gradually tapering to a very acute

apex, reflexed, pilose or pubescent ; corolla-lobes reflexed or reflexed-

spreading, 13-22 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad, narrowly or somewhat

attenuate lanceolate, very acute, pilose or slightly pubescent on the

back, puberulous all over or at the base and papillate or nearly

glabrous on the rest of the inner face, ciliate on one margin, greenish

or dark purple-brown; corona-lobes about 3 times as long as the

staminal column, whitish or pale yellowish, marked with purple-brown

on the points, or entirely dark purple-brown, the basal part 1—2 Jin.

long, 2 lin, broad, quadrangular, 3-toothed at the top, with an appen-

dage decurrent into 2 parallel keels on the inner face ; lateral teeth

minute, faleate-deltoid, erect, minutely denticulate on the outer margin

or entire, with a short keel or erest (often minutely crenulated) ex-

tending obliquely inwards from their base to the principal keels on

the inner face, often very obscure in dried specimens ; middle tooth

1-2 lin, long, subulate, somewhat recurved spreading or suberect ;

appendage arising at the base of the middle tooth, 1-12 lin. long,

erect, subulate, entire or bifid at the apex; staminal column 2-8 lin,

long ; anther-appendages much longer than broad, ovate, obtuse or

acute, ascending-connivent over the style-apex, sometimes ciliate, or

with a minute tuft of hairs on each margin below the apex.

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 51, 22 im_note. Aspi-

doglossum fasciculare, E. Meyer, Comm. 200; Decne in DC.

Prodr. viii. 555. "

Coast Recion: King Williamstown Div.; Perie, Sim, 286! Cathcart Div. ;

between Kat River and Klipplaat8 River, Drége, 3426! 4

Eastern REGION: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker, 300 purtly ! Willow-

vale Div.; Weza, Miss Abernethy in Herb. Miss Pegler, 1408! Natal; near

Howick, 3800 ft., Wood, 53857! Dargle Farm, Fannin, 40!

. This very imperfectly known species differs from all its allies in having but 1-3

leaf-bearing nodes below the flowering part, in its very acute corolla-lobes and

small corona-lobes. In E. Meyer’s Herbarium I find 3 very distinct species

mixed under the name of Aspidoglossum fasciculare, aud 2 species have been

distributed by Drage under that name. I take as the type Drége, 3426,

because this is the only one of the three of which E. Meyer has made a drawing

of the corona-lobes, or appears to have dissected, or that completely agrees with

his description ; the others I refer to S, dissimile and S. anomalum, A portion

of the type of S. ciliatum, sent by Mr. Wood to Kew, is identical with the type

of Aspidcglosswm fasciculare, E. Meyer, and I find its sepals and corolla-lobes to

be as described above, not as originally described. S. anomalum, 8. dissimile,

and §. robustum have been mistaken by Dr. Schlechter for Aspidoglossum

fasciculare at the places quoted under those species.

Schizoglosswm. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 631

40. S. striatum (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1894, 356); tuber

small, ovoid; stem solitary, about 1 ft. high, simple, somewhat

coarsely pilose or villous; leaves in 7-9 pairs below the flowering

part, sometimes whorled at the flowering nodes, subsessile, erect

or ascending, 3-11 in. long, 2-14 lin. (3 lin. ex Schlechter) broad,

linear or linear-lanceolate, acute at the apex, rounded or subauricu-

late at the base, revolute and pubescent along the margins; umbels

5-6, sessile, 8—5-flowered ; pedicels 4-5 lin. long, puberulous (pilose

ex Schlechter); sepals 2-23 lin. (14 lin. ex Schlechter) long, 3-3

lin. broad, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent ; corolla-lobes 2—2%

lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad, spreading, ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate,

subacute, recurved along the margins, thinly pubescent on the apical

part at the back, glabrous on the inner face, green, striped with

brown (Wood); corona-lobes about 4 times as long as the staminal

column, white, edged with pink (Wood), with the basal part 1-1}

lin. long, 1 lin. broad, euneately rectangular or subquadrate,

3-toothed at the top, thickened and tuberculate or crested on the

margins and lateral teeth, with two appendages (sometimes united

into one pocket-like appendage) decurrent into 2 keels on the inner

face ; shoulder-teeth 1—1 lin. long, erect, obtuse; middle tooth 13-2

lin. long, subulate, erect, ineurved at the apex, keeled or crested

down the inner face; appendages 2-8 lin. long, adnate for about

1. lin. up the middle tooth, somewhat variable, sometimes free, with

1 or 2 unequal subulate teeth at the apex, the longer tooth }-} lin.

long, and the margins incurved so that the longer teeth are con-

tiguous, or cross one another, sometimes with the margins connate,

forming a little pocket with 1 or 2 contiguous erect teeth in front ;

staminal column very short, 2 lin. long; anther-appendages rather

large (minute ex Schlechter), roundish-ovate, inflexed over the top of

the truncate style-apex. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 421.

Eastern Recion: Natal; Inandu, Wood, 863! 1210! and without precise

locality, Mrs. Saunders (ex Schlechter).

I have not seen the type of this species, and although there are some small

discrepancies in the above description and that of Dr. Schlechter, who makes no

mention of the remarkable thickened cristate margins of the corona-lobes, yet I

— there can be no doubt of the identity of Wood’s plant with that of Mrs.

unders. ;

41. §. robustum (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1895, 267) ; stem

apparently solitary, usually 4-1 ft., but sometimes 11-3 ft. high,

1-12 lin. thick, rather coarsely pubescent, leafless on the lower part ;

leaves very numerous and usually rather crowded, but lax in tall

Specimens, mostly whorled at the flowering nodes, the others alter-

nate, opposite or whorled, subsessile, ascending, 3-1} in. long, 3+ lin.

broad, linear, oblong-linear or narrowly oblong-lanceolate, acute,

rounded at the base, revolute at the margins, glabrous or slightly

scabrous above, glabrous, or with a few hairs along the midrib and

margins beneath ; umbels several, sessile at the nodes, 8-6-flowered,

rather crowded along the terminal part of the stem, and often shorter

than the leaves, or forming a somewhat spike-like mass; pedicels

632 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Schizoglosswm.

2-5 lin. long, pubescent to nearly glabrous; sepals 2-2} lin. long,

lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent to nearly glabrous; corolla-lobes

21-31 lin. long, 13-143 lin. broad, reflexed-spreading, oblong or

oblong-ovate, acute or subacute, thinly and minutely puberulous

on the back, quite glabrous on the inner face, dark brownish-purple

(violet ex Sankey); corona-lobes much overtopping the staminal

column, their basal part subquadrate, 1-14 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad,

narrowed to the base, 3-toothed at the top, with 2 subparallel keels and

an appendage on the inner face, white, or with a dark purple line on

the middle tooth and appendage ; lateral teeth minute, erect, faleate,

or occasionally horizontally spreading from the shoulders, entire, or

minutely denticulate; middle tooth 11-22 lin. long, subulate or fili-

form, erect or nearly so, appendage arising just below the base of the

middle tooth, 3-1 lin. long, subulate or filiform, entire, directed over

the staminal column ; alternating basal-teeth 4 lin. long, deltoid or

deltoid-oblong, acute or obtuse, inflexed over the opening to the

stigmatic cavity ; staminal column 3-12 lin. long ; anther-appendages

transversely elliptic or suborbicular-ovate, very obtuse, inflexed over

the rim of the style-apex, which is crenate or divided into 5 small

ovate lobes incurved around a central boss, Schlechter in Journ.

Bot, 1896, 449.

Var. 8, pubifloram (N. E. Br.) ; corolla-lobes puberulous or pubescent all

over their inner face; middle tooth of corona-lobes 14-2} lin. long, sometimes

hooked at the tips, longer than the 1-14 lin.-long appendage, which is usually

bifid, sometimes divided nearly to the base, sometimes entire.

‘Var, y, inandense (N. EH. Br.) ; corolla-lobes pubescent on the inner face ;

middle tooth of the corona-lobes 3-1 lin, long, erect, subulate, shorter than or

equalling the -1 lin.-long appendage, which is subulate and entire; follicles

solitary, 2? in. Jong, } in. thick in the only example seen, fusiform, tapering into

an obtuse beak and covered with several vertical series of ascending bristle-like

processes 4-1 lin. long, minutely puberulous.

Katanari Recion : Orange River Colony ; Besters Vlei, near Witzies Hoek,

5500 ft., Bolus, 8108! near Harrismith, Sankey, 177! Transvaal; Donker Hoek,

Schlechter, 3715! Var. 8: Transvaal; Concession Creek, Barberton, Galpin,

787! near Johannesburg, Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6229! 6230! mountains

around Houtbosch, Bolus, 11123! near Lydenburg, Wilms, 959! Henops

River, near Irene, Conrath, 985! Swaziland; between Bremersdorp and

Mbabane (Embabaan), Bolus, 12145!

EastERN REGION: Pondoland; between Umtate and Engcocos, 2500 ft.,

Bolus, 10222! Natal; Sevenfontein, near Boston, 3000-4000 ft., Wylie in Herb.

Wood, 5369! Umzinto, McKen, 3! Howick, Junod, 194! near Ixopo, Schlechter,

6659, and Umgeni Valley, Krook, 824 (ex Schlechter) ; and without precise

locality, Mrs. K. Saunders! Var. 8: Natal; Krans Kop, McKen, 21! near

Durban, Guienzins ! Var. y: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 316 partly! and without

precise locality, Gerrard, 1316 !

I believe the above to be S. robustum, Schlechter, but I have not seen a type

specimen. It agrees with Dr. Schlechter’s description, and some of the

specimens quoted were so named by him, whilst others I have seen were named

by him S. verticillare and S. fasciculare, and I suspect that this is the plant

he has mistaken for Aspidoglossum fasciculare in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 22

in note, but not elsewhere. :

42. S. pilosum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 20)5

stem probably solitary, simple, 5-14 in. high, softly pubescent along

Schizoglossum. | ASCLEPIADE® (Brown), 633

2 broad lines, with rather long adpressed and spreading. hairs ;

internodes 1-1 in. long; leaves erect or ascending, subsessile or

very shortly petiolate, 3-14 in. long, 3-22 (23-93 ex Schlechter) lin,

broad, all linear, or the lower narrowly oblong, subacute (ovate,

acuminate or lanceolate, acute ex Sellechter), with revolute margins,

pubescent ; umbels 2-3, sessile at the nodes, or solitary and terminal,

3-7-flowered, usually exceeding the leaves ; pedicels 3-5 lin. long,

pubescent; sepals 2 lin. long, 2—% lin. long, lanceolate, acuminate,

pubescent, reflexed ; corolla-lobes reflexed, 2-23 lin. long, 14-14 lin.

broad, oblong, minutely notched at the subobtuse tips, pubescent on

the back, minutely puberulous on the inner face, except at the base,

brownish-green (Wood); corona-lobes greenish-white (Wood), with

a dark purple-brown stripe down the long point, the basal part 3-$

lin. long, 1 lin. broad, transversely oblong or subrectangular,

thickened at the top, with a depression on each side of the dilated

base of the point, which is 11 lin. long, linear, spreading, with the

tip incurved, and has the margins of the depressions adnate to it

behind at the base in the form of 2 small rounded auricles, and an

appendage decurrent into 2 prominent keels arising at its base on the

inner face; appendage 3—% lin. long, 2 lin. broad, linear-oblong,

bifid (or trifid ex Schlechter’s drawing) at the apex, closely inflexed

over the staminal column ;. alternating basal teeth unusually large,

suborbicular, somewhat hood-like or concave, membranous, completely

covering the opening between the very protruding bases of the anther-

wings ; staminal column 2 lin. long; anther-appendages suborbicular,

inflexed over the style-apex, which is truncate, with a depressed

ring around a central boss, Schlechter in Journ, Bot. 1896, 421.

Eastern Region: Natal; near Emberton, 1800 ft., Schlechter, 3238!

Liddesdale,.4000-5000 ft., Wood, 4256 (not 4256 from Van Reenen) ! Greenwich

Farm, Riet Vlei, on the Mooi River, Fry in Herb. Galpin, 2748! Shafton,

Howick, Mrs. Hutton, 404! Zululand, Gerrard, 1308! :

I have not seen the t i i ies, but a copy of Dr. Schlechter’s

drawing of the floral strnotars.| rasp Bolus, Pm well as we description, quite

agree with the specimens above quoted, except that Dr. Schlechter appears to

have figured and described a much flattened coropva-lobe. The method of fertili-

zation of this plant would appear to be of « very special and complicated nature,

as the unusually large basal teeth or lobules alternating with the corona-lobes so

completely cover and conceal the opening at the base of the anther-wings,

through which alone access to the stigma can be obtained, that it is difficult to

understand how the pollen-masses can be inserted in it by an insect, as they must

be for fertilization to take place.

43, §. pulchellum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 15);

tuber shortly carrot-shaped; stem solitary, 3-14 ft. high, simple,

pubescent; leaves mostly alternate, erect and more or less pressed

to the stem, subsessile, 3—11 in. long, 3-2 lin. broad, linear or linear-

lanceolate, acute to obtuse, rounded to subtruncate at the base, with

revolute margins, finely pubescent ; umbels solitary and terminal or

1 terminal and 1-5 others lateral at the nodes, all sessile, 2-6-

flowered ; pedicels 3-5 lin. long, pubescent; sepals 13-25 lin. long,

{-1; lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute, pubescent ;. corolla-lobes

634 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [Schizoglossum.

3-4 lin. long, 13-21 lin. broad, very spreading or reflexed, ovate or

oblong-ovate, subacute or obtusely pointed, with recurved margins,

puberulous, with minute black and longer white hairs on the back,

puberulous on the inner face, green (Sankey); corona-lobes erect,

contiguous, 11-15 lin. long, and about as broad, ovate to subquadrate-

ovate, obtuse to slightly emarginate at the recurved or subrevolute

apex, obtusely keeled on the back, with an appendage arising from

the middle of the inner face at the top of a broad thick and fleshy

somewhat V-shaped keel, which is produced into a minute tooth

on each side of the base of the appendage, and connected to the

thickened margins by very short transverse ridges (these latter and

the keel are sometimes invisible in dried flowers); appendage

21-25 lin. long, stout, triquetrous-subulate, rather abruptly recurved

in a bold arch over the top of the lobe ; follicles lanceolate, tapering

into a long beak, pubescent and covered with ascending bristle-like

processes 1-11 lin. long. Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51,

21, and in Journ. Bot. 1896, 420; Rand in Journ. Bot. 1903, 336.

Katanart ReGion: Orange River Colony; Besters Vley, near Witzies Hoek,

Flanagan in Herb. Bolus, 8109! Harrismith, Sankey, 182! Basutoland, Cooper,

27291 Transvaal; grassy slopes of Saddleback Mountain, near Barberton,

4500 ft., Galpin, 1089! near Botsabelo, Schlechter, 4097! High Veld, near

Belfast, 6500 ft., Bolus, 12146! valleys near Roodeport, Rand, 962!

Eastern Recion; Natal; Dargle Farm, Fannin, 16! Van Reenens Pass,

5500 ft., Wood, 4256 (not 4256 from Liddesdale)! 5143 ! Shafton, Howick, Mrs.

Hutton, 406!

The corolla is described by Schlechter as being ‘‘ glabrous within,” but in the

type and all other specimens examined, I find it very distinctly puberulous om

the inner face.

44, 8. anomalum (N. E, Br.); stem solitary, 10-12 in. high,

simple, villous, very leafy ; leaves whorled at the flowering nodes,

opposite or alternate below, subsessile, erect or ascending, 1-14 1.

long, 3-4 lin. broad, linear to oblong, acute, subtruncate or rounded

at the base, usually revolute along the margins, villous or pubescent,

with rather long hairs; umbels 4-6, sessile at the nodes, 4-6-

flowered ; pedicels 3-4 lin. long, villous or densely adpressed-pubes-

cent with rather long hairs; sepals 2 lin. long, 3—% lin. broad,

lanceolate, acuminate, villous; corolla-lobes reflexed, 2-22 lin. long,

13-11 lin. broad, ovate, minutely notched at the subacute apex,

thinly pubescent near the apex on the back, and very minutely

velvety or papillate-puberulous on the inner face ; corona-lobes about

equalling the staminal column, rather thick and fleshy, 3—% lin. long,

1-12 lin. broad, broadly subobcordate, obovate or transversely

oblong, entire, flattish at the top from the rounded apex being in-

curved over the top of the very stout broad double keel on the inner

face ; staminal column 3~2 lin. long ; anther-appendages suborbicular,

inflexed over the truncate style-apex. 9. fasciculare, Schlechter 1

Engl, Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 3, not elsewhere.

Sovrn Arrica: without locality, Drége ! |

Coast Reaion : Komgha Div. ; on grassy hills near the Kei River in the

inity of Komgha, Flanagan, 396! ;

Schizoglossum. | ASCLEPIADEX (Brown). 635

EastERN ReGion: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker, 210! 342!

Although a specimen of this plant was mixed with Aspidoglossum fasciculare

in E, Meyers’ Herb,, it cannot be easily confused with that species, as in its

general appearance and flowers it is quite distinct, whilst the coronal structure is

utterly different. The corona-lobes are much more fleshy than is usually the case

in this genus.

45, 8. verticillare (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 25);

tubers small, ovoid ; stem solitary, simple, 4-14 in. high, pubescent ;

leaves very numerous, usually crowded on the upper half of the

stem, ascending, the lower opposite or alternate, those at the flowering

nodes whorled, 1-2 in. long, 1—% lin. broad, linear, subobtuse, with

revolute margins, subsessile or very shortly petiolate, finely and

rather softly adpressed-pubescent ; umbels 3-6, sessile at the nodes,

2-8-flowered ; pedicels 3-6 lin. long, pubescent; sepals 13-22 lin.

long, = lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent; coroila-

lobes reflexed, 23 lin. long, 12 lin, broad, ovate, minutely notehed

at the subacute tips, pubescent on the back, glabrous, or very

minutely puberulous on the inner face, apparently green or olive-

green ; corona-lobes * lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad, transverse, subtrun-

cate, thickened and somewhat excavated at the top; appendage 23-34

lin. long, arising at the top of the inner face, and decurrent as

2 slight keels down the thiekened middle, filiform-subulate, with a

minute tooth or shoulder on each side at the base, and acutely keeled

down the back, the keel continuing across the depression at the top

of the lobe; as seen from above the appendages all eurve to the

left, forming a circle of loops around and above the {~1 lin.-long

staminal column, not erect as described by Schlechter; anther-

appendages subreniform, obtuse, inflexed upon the margin of the

truncate style-apex. Schlechter in Journ, Bot. 1896, 449.

Eastern ReEcion: Transkei; by the Tsomo River, Mrs. Barber, 830!

Tembuland; between Cala and Elliot, 5200 ft., Bolus, 10217! Natal; near

Emberton, Schlechter, 3242! Inanda, Wood, 316 partly! 863! 1434! Dargle

Farm, Fannin, 6! Greenwich Farm, Riet Vlei, Fry in Herb. Galpin, 2746! and

without precise locality, Gerrard, 1307!

46. S. Davyi (N. E. Br.) ; stem solitary, 1-14 ft. high, 4 in. thick,

densely white-tomentose; leaves numerous, closely placed, mostly

alternate, except at the flowering nodes, where they are verticillate,

erect or ascending, very shortly petiolate, 1-1 in. long, 1-4 lin.

broad, linear to narrowly oblong-lanceolate, subacute, flat or with

revolute margins, densely whitish-tomentose on both sides; umbels

2-5, sessile at the nodes, 2—4-flowered ; pedicels 1} in. long, tomen-

tose; sepals 41-5 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, tomentose; corolla-

lobes apparently campanulately spreading, 5-6 lin. long, 3-3}

lin. broad, ovate, slightly notched at the subacute apex,

densely adpressed-pubescent or tomentose and green on the back,

glabrous or at most with a very minute papillation and closely

veined with dark purple or violet on a greenish ground on the inner

face, with greenish edges; corona-lobes arising at the base and

somewhat under the staminal column, and ineluding the appendages

6386 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). — [Schizoglossum.

attaining to about the same level, ascending-spreading, cross-shaped

in dorsal view, very obtuse, and sometimes with the margin slightly

notched at the apex, apparently white, with or without a dark purple

stripe down the back, 2-21 lin. long, 14 lin. broad across the main

body, 22~3 lin. across the horizontal or upcurved arms, whose tips

touch those of the adjacent lobes, with a very prominent stout single

keel on the inner face united at its base to the staminal column

and ending at the level of the arms in a flat platform, rounded in

front, and bearing upon it a subulate or linear flattened appendage

or horn 13-2 lin. long, directed outwards and slightly or abruptly

curved to one side like a sickle, or in a sort of loop, glabrous or

very minutely puberulous; staminal column about 2} lin. long;

anther-appendages broadly rounded, inflexed on the margin of the

broad circular style-apex, which in a specimen in formalin was cushion-

like, but in dried flowers has a raised central boss from which radiate

5 ridges, or is irregularly crumpled; pollen-carriers large, very

broadiy triangular at the upper half, suddenly contracted into

an gine lower half; pollen-masses large, sausage-shaped, falcately

curved.

Katanart Reaion: Transvaal; near Morgenzon, between Blesbok Spruit

and Ermelo, Burtt Davy, 964! High Veld, between Swazieland and Carolina,

5700 ft., Bolws,.12116!

This is the most distinct and largest-flowered of the South African species of

the genus. In a corona preserved in fluid in Herb. Bolus, the outspread

arms, touching at the tips, are strongly suggestive of 5 children with their

hands joined in a ring and dancing around a table.

47. §. tubulosum (Schlechter in Engl. Jabrb, xx. Beibl. 51, 23) ;

tuber small, ovoid; stem solitary, simple, 1-23 ft. high, puberulous,

with internodes 2-1 in. long; leaves erect or with spreading tips,

312 in, long, 1-2 lin. broad, linear, acute, with revolute margins,

glabrous or nearly so above, usually minutely puberulous on the

midrib beneath; umbels about 5, sessile at the nodes, 1—-3-flowered ;

pedicel 13-2 lin. long, thinly adpressed-puberulous; sepals 1} lin.

long, % lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute, pubescent ; corolla cam-

panulate, green (Wood); tube 11-13 lin. long, glabrous; lobes

erectly-spreading, 2 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad at the base, ovate-

oblong or ovate-lanceolate, acute, with reflexed margins, thinly

pubescent. on the back, puberulous at the base on the inner

face; corona-lobes twice as long as the staminal column, with the

basal part subquadrate, 2 lin. long, about 1 lin. broad at the top,

slightly narrowed below, with’ an appendage and 2 parallel keels

on-the, inner. face, abruptly narrowed or contracted at the top into

an erect subulate point 1 lin, long, with the lateral angles. or

shoulders square, or very slightly projecting horizontally ; appendage

arising at the base of the point, nearly 1 lin. long, linear-subulate,

very acute, directed over the staminal column, with upeurved tips;

alternating: teeth very short, obtusely rounded ; staminal column

2 lin. long; anther-appendages ‘broadly ovate, subacute, with their

Schizoglossum. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 637

tips infléxed over the raised rim of the subtruncate or slightly

depressed style-apex. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 421.

EasteRN Recion; Natal; Attercliff, 800 ft., Sanderson, 449 partly ! Inanda,

Wood, 740! near Newcastle, 4200 ft., Schlechter, 3410.

A copy of Dr. Schlechter’s drawing of the analytical details of his type in the

herbarium of Dr. Bolus, quite agrees with the specimens of Wood & Sanderson,

except that he represents and describes the corolla-lobes as being puberulous to

the tips on the inner face, which is not the case in the specimens I have seen.

48. S. Schlechteri (N. E. Br.); stem 15-20 in. high, simple,

slender, with numerous internodes 3-1 in. long, puberulous ; leaves

erect, 2—]1 in. long, 4—} lin. broad, linear, acute, with thickened

or revolute margins, glabrous, or with some very minute blackish

hairs beneath; umbels 4-6, sessile at the nodes, 4~5-flowered ;

pedicels 1 lin. long, adpressed-puberulous with minute white and

blackish hairs ; sepals ascending, 14 lin. jong, } lin. broad, lanceolate,

tapering into a very acute point, sprinkled with very minute blackish

hairs (not pilose, as originally described); corolla campanulate,

glabrous outside, bearded with white hairs on the inner face of the

lobes; tube almost 1 lin. long; lobes ascending or but slightly

spreading, about 14 lin. (2 lin. ex Schlechter) long, = lin. broad,

ovate, minutely notched at the subacute point; corona-lobes $ lin.

long, 3 lin. broad, elliptic or ovate, obtuse or obtusely pointed,

forming a mere rim behind the base of the appendage, which arises

near the apex of the lobe, is 4 lin, long, subulate, inflexed over the

top of the 1 lin.-long staminal column; and decurrent at its base

as 2 keels on the inner face of the lobe; anther-appendages longer

than broad, ovate or oblong-ovate, erect, with only their tips inflexed

on the truncate style-apex, which has a thick overhanging rim with

the pollen-carriers seated a short distance below it; caudicles short,

stout, attached at the side of the oblong pollen-masses at their apex.

S. barbatum, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 14, and Journ.

Bot. 1896, 421, not of Britten and Rendle.

Katanari Reoion: Transvaal; lands Spruit Mountains, 7000 ft.

Schlechter, 3833 !

49. 8. Conrathii (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 27); stem

apparently solitary, simple, 1-2 ft. high, slender, whitish-puberulous

or minutely velvety-tomentose, with internodes 11-3} in. long;

leaves suberect or ascending, subsessile, 1-2 in. long, }—3 lin. broad,

linear, acute or obtuse, with revolute margins, puberulous or velvety ;

umbels sessile at the nodes, 3-8-(rarely 1—-2-)flowered ; pedicels 1-1}

lin, long, puberulous or minutely tomentose ; sepals 1} lin. long,

+ lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent; corolla-lobes ap-

parently campanulately spreading, perhaps subrotate, 1{-2 lin. long,

4-1 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, thinly pubescent on the back,

puberulous on the inner face, except at the apex, slightly ciliolate on

one margin; corona-lobes twice as long as the staminal column,

about 3 lin, long, 3-2 lin. broad at the subquadrate basal part,

638 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Schizoglossum.

with the 3-1 lin.-long filiform point apparently arising from near

the middle of the back and erect or slightly spreading, sometimes

incurved at the apex, whilst the 3-1 lin.-long filiform erect append-

age is dilated into a very broad base, with a square-shouldered tooth

on each side, and falsely appears to be the apex of the lobe, recurved

or slightly ineurved at the tip, with 2 parallel keels and sometimes

an oblique keel extending from them to the margin of the lobe

on the inner face; staminal column 3 lin. long; anther-appendages

reniform or suborbicular, obtuse, their tips inflexed over the rim

of the depressed-truncate style-apex ; pollen-carriers long and narrow,

linear.

Katanari Reaion; Transvaal; Aapies Poort and elsewhere in the vicinity

of Pretoria, Rehmann, 4154! Conrath, 989! Miss Leendertz, 278 ! and without

precise locality, McLea in Herb. Bolus, 5705!

This is closely allied to S. exciswm, but has smaller flowers, puberulous

bree and comes from a different region; the colour of the flowers may also be

ifferent.

50. S. excisum (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1894, 259); stem

simple, 15-18 in. high, with internodes 3-2} in. long, minutely

velvety ; leaves erect, subsessile, 2-21 in. long, }—2 lin. broad, sub-

acute, with revolute margins, minutely puberulous; umbels 5-7,

sessile at the nodes, 2—5-flowered; pedicels 1-1} lin. long, pubes-

cent; sepals 14-11 lin, long, } lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate,

pubescent ; corolla-lobes 23-28 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad, oblong,

minutely notched at the obtuse apex, spreading, pubescent on the

back, glabrous on the inner face, ciliate at the base on one margin,

apparently brown ; corona-lobes twice as long as the staminal column ;

basal part about } lin. long, 3 lin. broad, subquadrate, with the

12-1} lin.-long filiform point apparently arising from a notch near

the middle of the back, and erect or slightly spreading, whilst the

3] lin.-long filiform erect appendage is dilated to nearly as broad

as the lobe at the base, with a square-shouldered tooth on each

side, and falsely appearing to be the top of the lobe, on the inner

face 2 prominent parallel keels are decurrent from the teeth, with

an oblique keel extending from their apices to the middle of the

lobe on each side ; staminal column 3-2 lin. long ; anther-appendages

suborbicular or broadly reniform-ovate, obtuse, inflexed over the

truncate apex of the style; pollen-carriers long and narrow, linear ;

young follicles swollen at the base, tapering into a long beak, velvety-

tomentose. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 420.

Eastern Reciox: Transkei; near Tsomo or the Tsomo River, Mrs. Barber!

51. 8. glanduliferum (Schlechter in Journ. Bot, 1894, 259);

stem 11—2 ft. high, simple, puberulous along 2 broad lines, with

the internodes below the flowering part 11-22 in. long, the upper

one longest; leaves erect, subsessile, 3-11 in. long, 3—} lin. broad,

linear, acute, with thickened or revolute margins, glabrous; umbels

5-7, sessile, 4-8-flowered ; pedicels 3-4 lin. long, adpressed-pubes-

Schizoglosswm. | ASCLEPIADEX (Brown). 639

cent; sepals # lin. long, + lin. broad, ovate, acute, thinly pubescent ;

corolla-lobes widely spreading, 2 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, somewhat

elliptic-oblong, subobtuse, with a few very minute hairs on the

back, glabrous on the inner face, yellow; corona-lobes rather spread-

ing, fleshy, about % lin. long and the same in breadth, broadly

cuneate-subquadrate, subtrilobed at the top, with the middle lobe

broadly deltoid-ovate, obtuse, and the lateral lobes or angles very

small, subtruncate ; inner face much thickened below the apex with

2 small parallel central keels aud an oblique inflexed auricle on each

side at the lateral angles, no appendage ; staminal column 3} lin. long,

+ lin, in diam.; anther-appendages nearly circular, inflexed on the

truncate style-apex. Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 22

in note, and Journ. Bot. 1896, 420.

Eastern Recion: Natal; near Charlestown, 5000-6000 ft., Wood, 4804!

Pondoland ; near Fort William, 2500 ft., Tyson, 2827 ex Schlechter.

The specific name refers to the minute glands or processes within the calyx,

but these are present in the majority of Asclepiads, and are of no specific value.

52. S. biauriculatum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 29) ;

stem erect, slender, simple or slightly branched, subglabrous ; leaves

erect or erectly-spreading, up to 3 in. long and 12 lin. broad, longer

than the internodes; umbels sessile, lateral at the nodes, 5—10-

flowered ; pedicels 23-32 lin. long ; sepals about 1 lin. long, lanceo-

late, acute, thinly puberulous, ciliate ; corolla rotate, 2 lin. long,

deeply 5-lobed; lobes oblong, obtuse, thinly pilose on the back,

minutely ciliate on one margin, very minutely papillate-puberulous

on the inner face especially towards the margins; corona-lobes as

long as the staminal column, rhomboid-lanceolate, obtuse, with 2

small triangular auricle-like keels on the lower half of the inner

face and a third and less prominent keel between them ; anther-

appendages suborbicular, very obtuse, incurved upon the depressed

style-apex.

Eastern Reaion: Delagoa Bay; sandy places near Katembe, 50 ft.,

Schlechter, 11610.

Also near Beira in Tropical Africa.

53. 8S. filipes (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 16) ;

stem 10-15 in. high, simple or slightly branched at the base, puberu-

lous all round ; leaves erect, 11~21 in. long, 3-1 lin. broad, linear,

acute, with revolute margins, minutely puberulous, not pilose as

originally described ; umbels 4—5, sessile at the nodes, 3—4-flowered

in the only specimen seen; pedicels 4-5 lin. long, puberulous;

sepals 11—]1 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, minutely pubescent with

curved hairs; corolla-lobes ascending-spreading, 2} lin. long, nearly

1 lin, broad, oblong, obtusely pointed, with reflexed margins, thinly

pubescent on the back, glabrous on the inner face, greenish

(Schlechter), drying brown; corona-lobes * lin. long, 2 lin. broad,

somewhat ovate, obtuse, with 2 obtuse teeth on each side and a

lacerate appendage decurrent in 2 keels on the inner face, the apex

640 ASCLEPIADEX (Brown). [Schizoglossum.

merely forms a slight rim at the base of the appendage, which is

1-12 lin, long, complicate and deeply lacerate, slightly connivent

high over the 2 lin.-long staminal column ; alternating basal-teeth

transverse, oblong, ematginate ; anther-appendages oblong-spathulate,

obtuse, inflexed on and covering the truncate style-apex. Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1896, 421; NW. EB. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i.

360.

Katanart Region: ‘Transvaal; stony places near Klipdam, 4600 ft.,

Schlechter, 4491!

I do not find the corolla-lobes “ very shortly puberulous ” on the inner face as

described by Schlechter. The complicate lacerate appendage of this species

distinguishes it from all others.

54. S. tridens (N. E. Br.) ; stem apparently solitary, 1-12 ft.

high, simple, slender, with 12-20 leafy nodes below the lowest

flowering node, rather closely placed, minutely and more or less

bifariously puberulous; leaves opposite or 3 in a whorl, erect, 3-14

in, long, 3—8 lin. broad, linear, acute, with revolute margins, glabrous ;

umbels sessile, 3-6-flowered; pedicels 3—4 lin. long, puberulous ;

sepals 1} lin. long, lanceolate, very acute, thinly puberulous or

almost glabrous; corolla-lobes apparently suberect, with a slight

twist at the apical half, 2 lin. long, nearly 1 lin. broad, oblong-

lanceolate, acute, with a few scattered hairs on the lower part of the

inner face, otherwise glabrous, brown with a green basal part ;

corona-lobes slightly exceeding the staminal column, erect, contiguous

or slightly overlapping, 1 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, oblong, very obtuse,

slightly notched on each side at the middle, with an appendage

decurrent in 2 keels and a minute marginal tooth on each side at the

notches on the inner face, apparently reddish or light purplish on

the upper part; appendage 2-2 lin. long, very abruptly inflexed

over the style-apex from the very apex of the lobe, which forms a

mere marginal rim behind it, broadly linear, 3-toothed at the apex,

channelled down the inner face ; staminal column nearly 1 lin. long ;

anther-appendages ovate, subobtuse, with their tips inflexed on the

margin of the truncate style-apex.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; Macamac Falls, 4300 ft., Burtt Davy, 1440

Gras Kop, near Pilgrims Rest, 5000 ft., Burtt Davy, 1461!

55. 8, Flanagani (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 3)5

stem solitary, about 1 ft. high, simple, slender, puberulous, with

elongated internodes at the lower part and numerous shorter inter-

nodes and comparatively crowded leaves at the upper part; leaves

erect or ascending, 1-18 in. long, 4—% lin. broad, linear, acute,

narrowed at the base into a very short petiole, glabrous ; umbels 5-6,

sessile at the nodes, 4-7-flowered; pedicels 13-2 lin. long, pubes-

cent; sepals 1 lin. long, } lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, sparsely

pubescent on the lower part ; corolla-lobes ascending, 2-2 lin. long,

8-2 lin, broad, oblong-lanceolate, acute, with reflexed sides and

incurved tips, glabrous on both sides ; corona-lobes } lin. long, + lin,

Schizoglossum.] | ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). 641

broad, rectangular, truncate at the top, having a slight median notch

and the shoulders slightly produced into minute teeth, with

an appendage and 2 keels on the inner face; appendage arising

below the apex of the lobe, ? lin. long, subulate, acute, directed over

the staminal column, with upcurved tips; alternating basal teeth

minute, truncate ; staminal column 3—2 lin, long ; anther-appendages

broadly rounded, inflexed on the truncate excavated style-apex ;

pollen-masses linear, slightly curved, with a pellucid area at the

apex where they are laterally attached to the very short caudicles.

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 420.

Coast Reaion: Komgha Div.; on a grassy sandy slope near the mouth of

the Kei River, 100 ft., Flanagan, 1044!

The corona-lobes are described by Dr. Schlechter as ‘‘ ovate-ligulate, obscurely

3-lobulate at the apex,” but I do not find them so in the type. There is a very

slight broad erenature on each side of the smal] notch, but the general effect is

that they are truncate,

56. 8. biflorum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 25 in

note) ; stem simple or rarely branched, 1-2 ft. high, with internodes

82 in, long, minutely velvety-pubescent ; leaves erect, subsessile,

8-28 in. long, 4-14 lin. broad, linear or linear-subfiliform, acute,

with revolute margins, minutely pubescent or nearly glabrous ;

umbels 6-13, sessile at the nodes, usually 4-12- (rarely 2-3-)

flowered ; pedicels 311 lin. long, pubescent ; sepals 1-1} lin. long,

1-1 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute, pubescent ; corolla-tube

1 lin. long, glabrous; lobes spreading or reflexed, 13-2 lin. long,

3-1 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, minutely notched at the subacute

apex, thinly pubescent on the back, puberulous or pubescent on the

inner face, apparently green or greenish-brown ; corona-lobes 3 times

as long as the staminal column, white, purplish-tinted on the points ;

basal part 1—3 lin, long, % lin. broad, subquadrate, 3-toothed at the

‘top, with an appendage and 2 parallel keels on the inner face;

lateral teeth minute, usually erect or incurved, rarely horizontally

spreading; middle tooth 14-2 lin. long, subulate, erectly spreading,

with the upper half incurved; appendages connivent-erect, 1-1} lin.

long, subulate, sometimes bifid at the apex ; basal alternating teeth

minute, obtuse; staminal column about 1 lin. long ; anther-appen-

dages ovate or rounded, subacute or obtuse, inflexed over the

marginal crenatures or tubercles surrounding the central boss of the

style-apex ; young follicles narrowly fusiform, tapering into a beak,

minutely tomentose. Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54,

4, and in Journ. Bot. 1896, 449. S. guelense, S. Moore in Journ.

Bot. 1903, 310, and Rand, lc. 336. S. venustum, Schlechter in

Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 24. Aspidoglossum biflorum, E. Meyer,

Comm. 201; Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 555.

Var. 8, concinnum (N. E. Br.); corolla and corona-lobes purple-brown or

' dark purple; otherwise as in the type. S, venustwm, var. concinnum, Schlechter

in Engl, Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 25.

VOL, IV,—SECT. I,—PART IV. _ Tt

642 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Schizoglossum.

Van, y, integrum (N. E. Br.) ; corolla dark purple-brown ; corona-lobes dark

purple-brown or blackish-purple, 17-2 lin. long, } lin. broad, ovate or oblong-ovate

at the lower half, not 3-toothed at the top, but gradually tapering into an erect

subulate-filiform point incurved at the apex, without a trace of teeth at the

sides; appendage 4-4 lin. long, much shorter than the point of the lobe,

subulate, acute, or linear and bifid or subtrunecate at the apex, ascending over

the # lin.-long staminal column ; otherwise as in the type.

Coast Region: Cathcart Div. ; Windvogel Mountain, 4500 ft., Drége, 3427 !

Queenstown Div.; Intaba Magwela Mountain, near Queenstown, 3800 ft.,

Galpin, 1909! Var. y: Bathurst Div.; Linch’s Post, near the Kowie River,

Bowie!

Cenrrat Recron: Aliwal North Div.; Elands Hoek, near Aliwal North,

4600 ft., Bolus, 10491 (F. Bolus, 238) !

Kabauari RreGion: Transvaal; near Klein Olifants River, Schlechter, 3794!

near Johannesburg, 6000 ft., Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6147! Rand, 1009 !

1231! Magalies Berg, Burke! Zeyher, 1172! Ginsberg and near Johannesburg,

Miss Pegler, 1053! Modderfontein, Conrath, 987! and without precise locality,

Burtt Davy, 1162! Var. B: Orange River Colony; valleys and flats, Mrs.

Barber & Mrs. Bowker, 733! Transvaal ; Catos Ridge, Schlechter, 3262.

Eastern Ruaion: Transkei; valleys near Tsomo, Mrs. Barber, 793! Natal;

Shafton, Howick, Mrs. Hutton, 301!

S. gwelense, N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 360, must be referred

to this species as a variety (var. gwelense, N. E. Br.), differing in having the

basal part of the corona-lobes diamond-shaped and angular at the middle, not

quadrangular with erect shoulder teeth; it may also occur in South Africa.

Intermediate forms occur in which the shoulder-teeth spread horizontally.

There is no specimen in H. Meyer’s Herbarium named Aspidoglosswm biflorum

by E. Meyer, but a specimen (Drége, 3427) named by him <Aspidoglossum

virgatum, accurately agrees with his description of A. biflorum and is identical

with the plant distributed under that name by Drége, with the exception

that there are (as he describes) only 2-3 flowers in a cluster on E. Meyer’s

specimen.

57. §. strictum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 22);

stem about 2 ft. high, slender, straight, glabrescent ; leaves erect,

very shortly petiolate, 3-1} in. long, narrowly linear, with revolute

margins, acute, glabrescent ; umbels sessile at the nodes, few-

flowered; pedicels short, unequal, pilose, deflexed after flowering ;

sepals 1 lin, long, lanceolate, acute, puberulous, ciliate ; corolla-lobes

2 lin, long, 1 lin. broad, erectly spreading, ovate-oblong, obtusely

pointed, white-margined, glabrous on the back, puberulous with

white hairs on the inner face ; corona-lobes ovate-oblong, tapering

into a subulate point about as long as the oblong part and incurve

over the staminal column, with an appendage decurrent in 2 keels

on the inner face; appendage arising at the base of the point and

nearly equalling it in length, inflexed on the top of the staminal

column; anther-appendages ovate, very obtuse, inflexed on the style-

apex, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 421.

Eastern Reoron : Natal; near Ingagane, 4000 ft., Schlechter, 8405.

Of this plant I have only seen a copy in Herb. Bolus of Dr. Schlechter’s

drawing of the floral details.

68. S. araneiferum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 13) ;

‘stem 1-22 ft, high, simple or occasionally branching in the upper

Schizoglossum. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 648

part, slender, glabrous or very minutely unifariously puberulous on

the upper part ; leaves erect, 1-11 in. long, 1—4 lin. broad, linear or

linear-filiform, acute, with revolute margins, glabrous; umbels

sessile, lateral at the nodes, 2—6-flowered; pedicels 11~3 lin. long,

adpressed-puberulous; sepals 3-1 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, ovate, acute,

glabrous or thinly puberulous; eorolla-lobes very spreading or

perhaps reflexed, 11-12 lin. long, 2—1 lin. broad, oblong-ovate, acute

or obtusely pointed, glabrous on both sides, greenish ; ecorona-lobes

with the basal part closely contiguous, transversely rectangular, or

subquadrate, 1—1 lin. long, abruptly contracted into 2 filiform points

1-11 lin, long, which are quite free or more or less united at their

basal part, ereet or directed slightly outwards below, then incurved

high over the staminal column, with an erect filiform doubly bent

appendage 1-12 lin. long, on the inner face and 2 keels deeurrent

from its base; staminal column 2 lin. long; anther-appendages

orbicular-ovate, obtuse, with the tips inflexed over the rim of the

depressed-truncate style-apex. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 421.

S. polynema, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 30.

KaLanaRiI Recion: Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 935! Orange River

Colony ; vicinity of Besters Vley, near Witzies Hoek (Mount aux Sources),

Bolus, 8107!

Eastern ReEGion: Natal; near Newcastle, 4100 ft., Schlechter, 3428.

Portuguese East Africa; hill near Ressane Garcia, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 11907!

The corona of this is quite unlike any other known to me, and in fresh flowers

forms a pretty miniature crown.

59. 8. capitatum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb, xx. Beibl. 51, 15) ;

stem up to 3 ft. or more high, subsimple, bifariously puberulous ;

leaves 1-15 in, long, not half as long as the internodes, erect,

narrowly linear, acute, shortly pilose (probably puberulous is in-

tended) ; umbel (head ex Schlechter) solitary, terminal, many-

flowered ; pedicels short, unequal, puberulous; sepals half as long

as the corolla, lanceolate, acute, pilose (puberulous?); corolla-

lobes erectly spreading, 2} lin, long, 1 lin. broad, ovate (oblong or

lanceolate-oblong, according to a drawing), acute, glabrous on the

back, bearded with white hairs on the inner face; corona-lobes

subquadrate, 3-toothed at the top, with an appendage and 2 keels on

the inner face; lateral teeth minute, spreading; middle tooth long,

overtopping the staminal-column, subulate from a broad base, some-

what inflexed at the tip; appendage arising at the base of the

middle tooth and shorter than it, subulate, incurved; anther-

appendages oblong, obtuse, inflexed on the 5-lobed style-apex.

Sehlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 421.

Katanart Reaton: Transvaal; ona hill near the Crocodile River, 4800 ft.,

Schlechter, 3905. :

Of this plant I have only seen a tracing of Dr. Schlechter’s original drawings

of the dissections of a flower in Herb. Bolus, from which I have slightly modified

the original descriptions of the corona-lobes.

rt 2

644 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Schizoglossum.

60. 8. restioides (Schlechter in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb.

xxxv. 50); tuber elongated ovoid; stem solitary, simple, 15-30 in.

high, glabrous or with a very minute adpressed pubescence on the

upper part, with internodes {-3 in. long; leaves erect, 5-11 lin.

long, 2-1 lin. broad, linear, acute, with revolute margins, glabrous ;

umbels 3-9, sessile at the nodes, 2-4-flowered, sometimes crowded

together into an oblong inflorescence j—1 in. long, sometimes distant ;

pedicels 1-1 lin, long, very minutely adpressed-puberulous ; sepals

11-14 lin. long, 8 lin. broad, ovate, acute or acuminate, rather thin,

very minutely puberulous with adpressed black hairs ; corolla-lobes

apparently erectly spreading, 2} lin. long, 13 lin, broad, oblong-

ovate, obtuse, concave at the lower half, flat or with slightly recurved

margins above, glabrous on both sides or with a few minute blackish

adpressed hairs on the back, minutely ciliate on one margin at the

base ; corona-lobes 1-12 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, rhomboid-ovate, with

a horizontally projecting angle on each side below the middle,

tapering above to a spreading or somewhat recurved (often apparently

erect in the dried state) bifid or entire point, with an appendage

and 2 keels on the inner face; appendage arising at about the middle

of the lobe and much longer than its point, 1-1} lin. long, subulate,

linear or lanceolate, acute or bifid, inflexed and one crossing another

over the 12~12 lin.-long staminal column ; anther-appendages rather

large, broadly ovate, obtuse, with their tips inflexed over the style-

apex, which is rather small, crater-like, with the crenate margin

incurved ; pollen-carriers partly concealed by the anther-appendages,

unusually large, 1 lin. long, and larger than the pollen-masses.

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 419. S. pallidum, Schlechter in

Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 19, and Journ. Bot. 1896, 421. 8.

Randii, S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1908, 310, and 339.

: ees Region: Cape Divy.; Camp-ground near Cape Town, Schlechter,

KALAHARI REGION: Transvaal; near Schoen Strom, in the vicinity of Klerks-

dorp, Burke, 296! Zeyher, 1173! near Johannesburg, 6000 ft., Gilfillan wm

Herb. Galpin, 6145! 6146! Rand, 1058! near Donker Hoek, Schlechter, 3708!

plain at the foot of the Magalies Berg, 4600 ft., Schlechter, 3681.

The Cape specimen (Schlechter, 740), on which the species was founded, is

doubtless a chunce introduction from the Transvaal. I have examined flowers

from the type specimens of both supposed species and find them identical.

I do not find an “ inflexed obtuse lobule on each margin ” of the corona-lobes

as originally described. They are as described above in Schlechter, 740, and all

other specimens [ have examined,

61. S. unicum (N. E. Br.); stem 15 in. high in the only

specimen seen, simple, slender, pubescent along two broad lines 1n

the upper part, glabrous below, with internodes }—} in. long ; leaves

erect, subsessile, 1—3 in. long, 1—% lin. broad, linear, acute, wit

‘revolute margins, glabrous on both sides; umbels about 6, sessile at

the nodes, 3—5-flowered; pedicels 13-2} lin. long, adpressed-pubes-

cent; sepals 1 lin, long, } lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute, slightly

puberulous; corolla-lobes 13 lin, long, $ lin. broad, oblong-ovate,

Schizoglossum. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 645

acute, apparently campanulately spreading, slightly puberulous on

the back, inner face with a tuft of rather long hairs at the apex, a

line of hairs along each margin and a few hairs down the centre, the

rest glabrous, one margin ciliolate ; corona-lobes about 2 lin. long,

3 lin. broad, broadly ovate, acute or subobtuse, rather fleshy, with

2 keels but no appendage on the inner face ; the tips incurved over

the staminal column, apparently somewhat folded or channelled on

the back and thickened on the inner face ; alternating teeth none or

obscure ; staminal column } lin. long; anther-appendages broadly

ovate, obtuse, inflexed over the truncate style-apex.

Eastern ReGion: Eastern border of the Transvaal at Ingoma, Gerrard

McKen, 18171

62. S. delagoense (Schlechter in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. 446);

stem 15-24 in. high, slender, with 1-2 branches, puberulous all

round at the base and along one line alternating at the nodes in the

upper part ; internodes 1-12 in. long; leaves ascending (spreading,

ex Schlechter), subsessile, 1-23 in. long, }-2} lin. broad, linear to

narrowly lanceolate, acute, narrowed towards the base, revolute along

the margins, glabrous on both sides; umbels several, sessile at the

nodes, 1—5-flowered ; pedicels 3—4 lin. long, puberulous; sepals 1 lin.

long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, puberulous ; corolla-lobes campanulately

spreading, 2 lin. long, about 1 lin. broad, oblong-ovate, subacute,

thinly puberulous on the back, minutely papillate-puberulous on the

inner face (not glabrous as originally described), minutely ciliate on

one margin ; corona-lobes about as long as the staminal column, 1 lin,

long, slightly spreading, connate at the base into a short cup,

thomboid-ovate, obtuse, contracted below, with an erect subulate

tooth 1 lin. long at the middie of the inner face and a small inflexed

obtuse tooth on each side of it below the middle, the inner margin of

which is decurrent as a keel down the contracted part of the lobe ;

interspaces of the cup between the lobes broad, with 2 small

inflexed teeth or produced into a broad membranous emarginate or

shortly 2-toothed lobule of variable length and form; staminal

column 1 lin. long; anther appendages broadly rounded, with their

obtuse tips inflexed over the margin of the truncate style-apex.

EAstERN REGION: Delagoa Bay, Junod, 184! 484!

63. S. periglossoides (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb, xx. Beibl. 51,

20); tuber elongated, radish-like, producing 1 or 2 simple stems

9-20 in. high, puberulous along 2 lines or glabrous below, with

internodes 14-22 in. long; leaves erect, 2}—-4} in. long, 3-1} lin.

broad, linear, acute, subsessile or shortly petiolate ; umbels sessile,

subglobose, 10-12-flowered, lateral at the nodes; pedicels 1-3 lin.

long, dusky-puberulous ; sepals 3—1+ lin. long, } lin. broad, ovate or

ovate-lanceolate, acute, thinly puberulous; corolla-lobes subereet or

campanulately spreading, 2 lin. long, $-1 lin. broad, oblong or

rather narrowly oblong-ovate, concave at the lower 4, narrowly

revolute along the margins, recurved at the subacute tips, thinly

646 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Schizoglosswit.

puberulous on the back, minutely papillate-velvety on the margins

and upper part of the inner face, glabrous in the concavity, green on

the back, sometimes stained with purple-brown, whitish on the inner

face; corona-lobes shorter than the staminal column, 3—1 lin. long,

4-1 lin. broad, erect, rather thick and fleshy, ovate, ovate-lanceolate

or oblong-lanceolate, obtusely pointed, with a A-like thickening below

the apex or slightly gibbous on the back, flat on the inner face, with

a short fleshy erect truncate or broadly-rounded transverse appendage

near the base and scarcely reaching to the middle ; staminal column

11-11 lin. long; anther-appendages rhomboid-ovate, acute, with

their tips inflexed over the rim of the shallow crater-like style-apex ;

anther-wings angular at the middle ; follicles (not quite mature in

the specimens seen) solitary or in pairs, erect from the recurved

pedicel, 21-3 in, long, 1 in. thick, fusiform, tapering into a rather

long beak, with about 6 longitudinal series of ascending subulate

processes 8-11 lin. long and varying from fuscous-puberulous to

nearly glabrous. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 421.

Katanari Region: Transvaal; Jeppestown Ridges, near Johannesburg,

6000 ft., Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6231! Mundts Farm, near Pretoria,

Schlechter, 4142! near Ermelo, south of Blesbok Spruit, Burtt Davy, 955!

near Klein Olifants River, 5300 ft., Schlechter, 4027 ; Modderfontein, Conrath,

983 ! Beginsel Farm, near Standerton, Burtt Davy, 3156!

Dr. Schlechter has described the corona-lobes as “suborbicular, obtuse, furnished

on the inner face at the base with a subquadrate fleshy scale, truncate ut the

apex and scarcely equalling the middle of the lobe,” and “ above the middle with

a short ovate obtuse erect ligule a little overtopping the lobe.” But in the

specimens collected and named by himself, which I have examined, I find them

as above described. This plant so closely resembles Krebsia stenoglossa and

Xysmalobium carinatum in the dried state, as to be easily mistaken for either,

until dissected.

64. S. glabrescens (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 17);

stem solitary, 1j—2 ft. high, slender, simple, with 15-18 internodes,

varying from nearly glabrous to puberulous with very minute

adpressed white or black hairs; leaves erect, 3-14 in. long, $3 lin.

broad, linear or filiform, acute, glabrous or the upper with a few

minute blackish hairs; umbels several, sessile at the nodes, 3-8-

flowered ; pedicels 22-3 lin. long, very minutely adpressed-puberulous, _

often with blackish hairs; sepals 3-13 lin. long, }—} lin. broad,

ovate-lanceolate, acute to subulate-acuminate, puberulous like the

pedicels ; corolla-lobes rotately spreading, 11-12 lin. long, about

4 lin. broad, oblong or lanceolate-oblong, often minutely notched at

the subacute apex, usually with a few very minute hairs on the

back, very minutely and rather thinly puberulous on the basal half

or all over the inner face or glabrous on both sides, minutely ciliate

on one margin; corona-lobes arising a little above the base of the

staminal column, 3—2 lin. long and about as broad, broadly ovate or

somewhat rhomboid-ovate or rhomboid-orbicular, notched and often

recurved af the apex, rather abruptly contracted at the base, having @

slight notch on each margin at about the middle, with 2 keels and an

appendage on the inner face, a small tooth or transverse ridge usually

Schizoglosswin. | ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). 647

connects the marginal notches and keels; appendage arising near

the top of the lobe, 3—1 lin. long, subulate, closely incumbent on the

top of or loosely incurved over the staminal column and style-apex,

often crossing at the tips, not erect, usually curved; anther appen-

dages broadly ovate, obtuse or subacute, inflexed on the top of the

truncate or umbonate style-apex; follicles 3-31 in. long, 2} lin.

thick at the lower part, narrowly fusiform, tapering into a long

slender beak, puberulous. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 421.

S. tenuissimum, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 23, and

Journ. Bot. 1896, 421.

Var. 8, longirostre (N. E. Br.) ; appendage of the corona-lobes erect or

connivent at the base and then erect, or S-curved or somewhat tortuous at the

tips, much exceeding the staminal column. 8S. longirostre, Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 17, and in Journ. Bot. 1896, 421.

Karanari Recion: Transvaal; near Middelburg, 4900 ft., Schlechter, 4051;

Jeppestown Ridges near Johannesburg, 6000 ft., Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin,

1480! 6227! Elandspruit Mountains, Schlechter, 3996! Var. 8: near Botsabelo,

Schlechter, 4074! Modderfontein, Conrath, 986! Meintjes Kop, near Pretoria,

Burtt Davy, 4005! 4006 !

Eastern Region: Var. 8: Natal; Shafton, Howick, Mrs. Hutton, 466!

The specimens above quoted have been described by Dr. Schlechter as 3 distinct

species, differing in the pubescence on the inner face of the corona-lobes. 8.

glabrescens is described as having them puberulous all over, and is so repre-

sented in Dr. Schlechter’s own drawings of his analyses of the flower, S. tenuissimun

as puberulous on the lower half only, and S. longirostre as glabrous. ‘This

pubescence is always very minute, and is certainly very variable, as in different

specimens of the same gathering made by Dr. Schlechter and others I find 2 or all

3 forms of it to exist. With the exception that the appendages of the corona-

lobes or their tips are erect, I can find no specific distinction whatever between

S. longirostve and the others, and the corona-lobes are not ovate-lanceolate nor

lanceolate as originally described.

65. S. lamellatum (Schlechter in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb.

xxxv. 48); stem 73-16 in. high, simple or slightly branched, minutely

pubescent, with internodes 3-2 in. long; leaves erect or ascending,

subsessile, 3-11 in. long, 11 lin. broad, linear, acute, with revolute

margins, nearly glabrous or very minutely scabrous; umbels 3-5, sessile

at the nodes, 2—5-flowered ; pedicels 3-1} lin. long, puberulous ; sepals

2 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, ovate, acute ; corolla-lobes 1-1} lin. long, 3 lin.

broad, oblong-ovate, subacute, campanulately spreading or suberect,

sometimes apparently with ineurved tips, glabrous or with very few

hairs on the back, the inner face as seen under a strong lens is

covered at the basal or apical half with exceedingly minute papilla-

like hairs, but appears glabrous under a weak lens, apparently

greenish, purple-tinted on the back, ‘ brownish” (Rand) ; corona-

lobes erect, overtopping the staminal column, about 1 lin. long,

3-} lin. broad, closely contiguous below, with slightly recurved

margins, oblong or elliptic-oblong, usually narrowed into an acute,

obtuse or minutely bifid point, but sometimes abruptly contracted

into the point or 3-toothed at the top, the lateral teeth minute,

obtuse, the middle one not move than + lin. long, deltoid or narrow,

with 2 thin wing-like keels on the inner face, slightly converging

648 ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). [ Schizoglossumt.

towards the base and somewhat infolded, but no appendage ; staminal

column about ? lin. long; anther appendages suborbicular, inflexed

over the rim of the depressed-truncate style-apex ; young follicles

swollen at the base, tapering into a long beak, minutely and densely

puberulous with white and dusky hairs. Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1896, 419. S. bilamellatum, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl.

51, 15, inel. var. cordylogynoides, and Journ. Bot. 1896, 421.

S. propinguum, S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1903, 311, and (Rand) 338. -

Coast Recion: Cape Div.; on sandy reefs by the sea-shore near Muizen-

berg, Schlechter, 605!

CrentraL REGION : Wodehouse Div. ; Indwe, Sim, 2359!

KALAHARI ReGion: Transvaal; Magaliesberg Range, Burke ! Bezuidenhout’s

Valley, near Johannesburg, 5800 ft., Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6044! hills

near Waterval River, 4600 ft., Schlechter, 3478! near Rustenburg, Miss Pegler,

25! Skinners Court, Pretoria, Burtt Davy, 1169! 1171! 1993! around Johan-

nesburg, Rand, 860! 1125! Pilgrims Rest, Greenstock !

Eastern Reaion: Natal; near Colenso, Schlechter, 3375.

Through the courtesy of Dr. Bolus I have been able to examine a flower from

the type of S. lamellatwm, and find it to be identical with S. bilamellatum,

the differences mentioned by Dr. Schlechter being non-existent. Asin the case of

3. restioides, Schlechter, and S. pedunculatum, Schlechter (=Asclepias aurea,

Schlechter), I believe it to have been introduced at the Cape locality among

ballast, &e, 8. bilamellatwm, var. cordylogynoides is merely a form with the

umbels crowded together into a head,

66. S Bolusii (Schlechter in Abhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxxv.

48); tuber elongated ; stem usually solitary, 1-25 ft. high, simple or

with 1 erect branch, slender, puberulous, with internodes 3-3} in.

long; leaves erect, 1-22 in. long, 1-2 lin. broad, linear-filiform, with

revolute margins, subobtuse or acute, glabrous; umbels all sessile or

1 or more of the lower pedunculate, 4—9-flowered ; peduncles 0-9 lin.

long, puberulous; bracts minute, deciduous ; pedicels 9-3 lin. long;

puberulous; sepals 1-3 lin. long, }—} lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate,

acute, puberulous; corolla-lobes spreading, 1-14 lin. long, 3-3 lin.

broad, oblong, minutely notched at the subobtuse incurved (always ?)

apex, sparsely pubescent on the back, glabrous on the inner -face;

corona-lobes 1—1 lin, long and rather more in breadth, subquadrate,

truneate at the top forming a transverse rim behind the base of the

appendage, which is }—+ lin. long, ereet or ascending, linear-deltoid,

oblong or linear, acute, obtuse or emarginate, and decurrent in 2 keels

on the inner face, the keels often forming a slight angle or tooth at

the top, often obliterated in dried specimens; staminal column 3-3

lin. long; anther-appendages broadly ovate, obtuse or subacute,

inflexed upon the top of the truncate style-apex; young follicles

fusiform, tapering into a long beak, minutely puberulous. Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1896, 419. S. Guthriei, Schlechter, and S. lunatum,

Schlechter in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxxv. 49, and Journ.

Bot. 1896, 419. Cynanchum filiforme, Burch. Trav. i. 37, not of

Linn. f. Rhinolobium tenue, Arnott in Mag. Zool. and Bot. ii. 421.

R. lineare, Deene in DO. Prodr. viii. 556, under Lagarinthus

gracilis. Lagarinthus microdon, Turez. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose.

1852, ii. 317. :

Schizoglossum. | ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). 649

Soutn AFrica: without locality, Harvey, 629 ex Arnott.

Coast Region; Cape Div.; Wynberg, Harvey! Wynberg Hill, Guthrie, 316!

between Newlands and Paradise, Burchell, 432! near Tokay, Fair in Herb.

Bolus! Caledon Div. ; Baviaans Kloof, near Genadendal, 850 ft., Bolus, 5397 !

near Villiersdorp, 1500 ft., Schlechter, 9368! Swellendam Div.; mountains

along the lower part of the River Zondereinde, Zeyher, 3402!

I have examined flowers from the types of all the names quoted, and can find

no difference between them. Usually all the umbels are sessile, but occasionally

1 or more (as in the type specimen of S. Bolusii) of the lower umbels are

pedunculate and the rest sessile. Some other species vary in the same way. I

can find nothing of the nature of a ‘‘longitudinal linear gland” on the back of

the corona-lobes of the type of S. lwnatwm, nor does such a structure occur

in any species known to me. The specimen in Harvey’s Herbarium named

“ Rhinolobium tenue” is that quoted from Wynberg, but bears no number ; it is

identical with the type of 8S. Guthriet.

67. 8. monticola (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb, xxxviii. 27); stem

1_2 ft. high, simple, puberulous on the upper part, otherwise glabrous,

with internodes mostly 2-3 in. long; leaves sessile, erect, 1-2 in.

long, 4-3 lin. broad, linear-filiform, acute, with revolute margins,

glabrous ; umbels 8-10, sessile at the nodes, few-flowered ; pedicels

1-1 lin. long, puberulous ; sepals } lin. long, 4 lin. broad, lanceolate,

acute, puberulous ; corolla-lobes rather more than 1 lin, long, > lin.

broad, lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, slightly incurved at the tips,

thinly adpressed-pubescent on the back, glabrous on the inner face ;

corona-lobes subcontiguous, with their points incurved and crossing

one another over the top of the staminal column, # lin. long, 3 lin.

broad; basal half subquadrate, with rectangular shoulders, very

abruptly contracted into a subulate point, inner face with 2 parallel

keels, but no appendage; staminal column 4 lin. long; anther-

appendages suborbicular, inflexed over the raised rim of the truncate

style-apex; young follicles fusiform, tapering into a long beak,

puberulous.

CzNTRAL Recion: Ceres Div.; on the Cold Bokkeveld at Klyn Vlei,

4000 ft., Schlechter, 100638 !

68. 8. carinatum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 3) 5

tuber elongated, radish-shaped ; stem solitary, simple, 7-18 in. high,

pubescent all round, with internodes 3-13 in. long; leaves erect,

subsessile or very shortly petiolate, $-23 in. long, 3-2 lin. broad,

linear, acute, with revolute margins, glabrous or thinly puberulous

above and on the midrib beneath ; umbels 4-8, sessile at the nodes,

4—10-flowered, dense ; pedicels 314 lin. long, adpressed puberulous ;

sepals 1-12 lin. long, 4-3 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute, pubes-

cent ; corolla-lobes rotately spreading, 11-13 lin. long, 3 lin. broad,

oblong or oblong-ovate, acute or obtuse, pubescent on the back,

puberulous or shortly villous-pubescent on the inner face, apparently

dark purple-brown ; corona-lobes very variable, equalling or over-

topping the staminal column, erect, purple-brown, their basal part

2-1 lin. long and broad, subquadrate or rounded-oblong, with 2 keels

and an appendage on the inner face, slightly keeled down the back,

650 ASCLEPIADES (Brown). [ Schezoglossum.

rather abruptly rounded or contracted into an acute deltoid subulate

or filiform point 1-3 lin. long, or simply acute or rarely obtuse

without a point; appendage 4—} lin. long, varying from shorter than

to much longer than the point of the lobe, subulate and acute or

linear and obtuse or bifid, or reduced to a minute bifid process

scarcely longer than broad, more or less ineurved over the }—3 lin.

long staminal column, or, when very short, erect ; anther appendages

orbicular, inflexed on the top of the truncate style-apex, which has a

large slightly raised central boss with an impressed line across 1t ;

follicles 21 in. or more long, with a fusiform swelling below the

middle, tapering into a very long beak, puberulous. Schlechter im

Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 16, and Journ. Bot, 1896, 420,

Coast Region: Albany Div.; grassy slopes and Broekhuisens Poort near

Grahamstown, 1800 ft., MacOwan, 639! Howisons Poort near Grahamstown,

Hutton! in damp situations by New Year River, Mrs. Barter, 116! Komgha

Div. ; hill near Keimouth, Flanagan, 1043!

CentRaL REGION: Somerset Div.: on the summit of Bosch Berg, rare,

MacOwan, 639! :

EastEkN RuGion: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker ! Natal: Attercliff,

800 ft., Sanderson, 449 partly ! Inanda, Wood, 1404! near Pinetown, Schlechter,

3165! Clairmont, Wood, 8268 | Schlechter, 3085! Zululand, Gerrard, 1313!

The comparative length of the corona-lobes and staminal column, and the form

of their appendages is very variable.

69. 8. tricuspidatum (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1895, 267) ;

stem erect, 6-8 in. high, simple, thinly velvety, glabrescent at

the base, densely leafy ; leaves erect, about 3-1 in. long, narrowly

linear, acute, with revolute margins, narrowed into a very short

puberulous petiole at the base, glabrescent above, puberulous

on the midrib beneath; umbels sessile, lateral at the nodes,

subcapitate, several - flowered; pedicels 1} lin. long, velvety-

puberulous; sepals half as long as the corolla, lanceolate, acute,

puberulous; corolla-lobes 1 lin. long, } lin. broad, ovate-oblong,

obtuse, puberulous on both sides; corona-lobes erect, about twice as

long as the staminal column, ovate-oblong, tapering into an erect

linear obtuse point, with a ligulate tricuspidate appendage on the

inner face, with its lateral teeth triangular, acute, and the middle

tooth twice as large; anther-appendages transverse, very obtuse,

inflexed on the style-apex. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 449.

Eastern ReGion ? Caffraria ?, Mrs. Barber, in Grahamstown Herbarium.

Is this distinct from the variable 8, carinatum ?

70. 8. commixtum (N. E. Br.); stem 1-1} ft. high, simple,

slender, bifariously puberulous; leaves erect, {-14 in. long or the

uppermost smaller, 1—} lin. broad, linear, with revolute margins,

acute, glabrous; umbels 3-8, sessile at the nodes, 3-6-flowered 5

pedicels 3-4 lin, long, puberulous ; sepals 3-1}, lin. long, } lin. broad,

Janceolate, acute, pubescent; corolla-lobes apparently ascending, with

abruptly incurved tips, 1}-1} lin. long, nearly 1 lin. broad, oblong,

Schizoglossum. | ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). 651

obtusely pointed, slightly coneave at the lower part, with recurved

margins at the tips, slightly pubescent on the back, glabrous or

minutely ; uberulous at the base only on the inner face ; corona-lobes

arising close to the base of the staminal column, the body of the lobe

searcely 3 lin. long, 3—} lin. broad, somewhat rhomboid-ovate, with

distinct tooth or projection on each side at the middle, whence it

deltoidly tapers into a filiform point or apical appendage } lin. long

abruptly inflexed over the top of the staminal column, with 2 keels

decurrent from the point on the inner face, besides a submarginal keel

on each side descending from the lateral teeth ; staminal column } lin.

long ; anther-appendages elliptic or suborbicular, inflexed upon and

covering the truncate style-apex; anther-wings very prominent,

angular at their middle.

Eastern Recron : Natal ; Shafton, Howick, Mis. Hutton, 206 partly !

Mingled with this plant was one specimen of S. Woodii, Schlechter.

71. 8. parile (N. E. Br.); stem 8-15 in. high, simple, pubescent,

with 5-6 pairs of leaves below the lowest flowering node; leaves

erect, 3-13 in. long, 1—® lin. broad, linear, acute, nearly or quite

glabrous, all shorter than the internodes and those at the flowering

nodes rather inconspicuous and scarcely exceeding the flowers ;

umbels 3-5, sessile at the nodes, sometimes closely placed,

4-7-flowered ; pedicels 2-3 lin. long, rather densely villous-

pubescent ; sepals $—1 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, pubescent ; corolla-

lobes spreading, with incurved tips, 13 lin. long, nearly 1 lin. broad,

ovate or elliptic-ovate, subacute, thinly pubescent on the back,

glabrous on the inner face, apparently striate with brownish on a

paler ground; corona-lobes } lin. long and 2 lin. broad, closely

contiguous and very broadly or transversely rhomboid at the basal part,

abruptly narrowed into a filiform-subulate point 3 lin. long inarching

in a bold eurve much above the style-apex and decurrent at its base

to the middle of the inuer face of the lobe in 2 stout contiguous

keels, with a small inflexed wing-like auricle at each margin below —

the angular shoulders, apparently white; staminal column rather

short and comparatively broad, scarcely 3 lin. long.

Eastern Reoion: Natal; Shafton, Howick, Mrs. Hutton, 40! 405!

72. 8. Buchanani (N. E. Br.); tuber about 4 in. long, ovoid ;

stem solitary, 6-10 in. high, slender with 4—6 leafy nodes below the

lowest flowering node, minutely pubescent; internodes 8-1} in.

long ; leaves erect, shorter than the internodes, subsessile, }—1 in.

long, 41-3 lin. broad, linear-filiform, acute, pubescent along the

Mmidrib beneath and sometimes with a few hairs scattered along the

revolute margins, otherwise glabrous; umbels 3-6, sessile at the

nodes, 2-3- (or probably more) flowered; pedicels 1-3 lin. long,

adpressed-puberulous; sepals *-1 lin. long, } lin. broad, ovate-

lanceolate, acute, adpressed-pubescent ; corolla-lobes spreading, 14—

1} lin. long, 2 lin. broad, oblong, minutely notched at the subacute

652 ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). —~ [Schizoglosswin.

apex, thinly adpressed-pubescent on the back, glabrous on the inner

face, blackish-purple or dark purple-brown, paler at the basal part ?

one margin usually slightly ciliolate ; corona-lobes with a rhomboid

body 2-1 lin. long, avgular at the middle, having 2 keels (often

obliterated in dried flowers) on the inner face and a subulate or

linear point or appendage 4—} lin. long, inflexed over the staminal

column, with or without a distinct rim or slightly produced obtuse

apex of the lobe behind its base ; staminal column 3—} lin. long ;

anther-appendages broadly ovate, erect, with their tips inflexed over

the rim of the crater-like style-apex ; follicle solitary, 1} in. long in

the unripe examples seen, narrowly fusiform, tapering into a long

beak, puberulous. ion

EastEgsn Recion: Natal, Buchanan!

_ Very similar to 8. parcum, N.E. Br., but the flowers are rather larger, entirely

different in colour, and the corona-lobes are different in form.

73. 8. parvulum (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1894, 354); stem

6-10 in. high, simple or (from injury) branched, 2-1 lin. thick at

the base, puberulous, with 4-6 leafy nodes below the lowest

flowering node; leaves erect or ascending 3-2 in. long or the lowest

shorter, }—1} lin. broad, linear-filiform or linear, obtuse or acute,

puberulous or minutely scaberulous; umbels 3 or more, pedunculate,

racemosely arranged, 8—6-flowered ; peduncles 3-7 lin. long, puber-

ulous or pubescent ; bracts about 1 lin. long, filiform ; pedicels 2-3

lin. long, pubescent ; sepals 2-3 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, pubescent ;

corolla-lobes slightly spreading, 14 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, Janceolate-

oblong, subobtuse, pubescent on the back, glabrous on the inner face,

brownish (Galpin); corona-lobes about 1 lin. long, including the

point, 3 lin. broad at the oblong-ovate or somewhat rhomboid-ovate

basal part, which has 2 minute teeth or a slight notch at the middle

of each side, sometimes obliterated in drying, with 2 keels excurrent

in the filiform point, which arises at the apex of the inner face or

into which the lobe tapers and is abruptly inflexed over the } lin.-

long staminal column; anther-appendages broadly ovate or sub-

orbicular, subacute or obtuse, closely inflexed on the depressed-

truncate style-apex and concealing it; caudicles subapical or lateral

near the apex of the rather long and slender pollen-masses. _

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 421.

Var. B, sessile (N. E. Br.); umbels 3-6 to a stem or branch, all sessile or

the lowest with a peduncle 1-2 lin. long; corolla-lobes 14-13 lin. long, 3-2 lin.

broad ; corona-lobes with the basal part 3-3 lin. long and the inflexed point oF

appendage 3-1 lin. long, usually arising just below the apex of the inner face of

pe lobe, which then forms a slight rim behind it; staminal column 3-§ lin

ong.

Coast ReGion: Queenstown Div.; Finchams Nek, near Queenstown, 3800-

4000 ft., Galpin, 1600! Var, 8: Bathurst Div.; south of Blaauw Krantz,

Burchell, 3887 | Trapps Valley, Miss Daly, 628!

__EasTEeRN REGION: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker, 301! Tembulands

hills near Bazeia, 2000-2500 ft., Baur, 3441 =

Schizoglossum. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown), 653

74. 8. parcum (N. EH. Br.); stem 10-12 in. high, simple, with

3—5 leaf-bearing nodes below the flowering part; internodes 1-25 in.

long, softly pubescent all round from base to apex; leaves erect,

half as long as the internodes or less, subsessile, }-1} in. long,

3-1 lin. broad, linear, acute, with revolute margins, minutely scabrous

or nearly glabrous ; umbels 4—6, sessile at the nodes, 4—6-flowered ;

pedicels 1-23 lin. long, adpressed-pubescent ; sepals 3—-} lin. long,

3-} lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute, pubescent; corolla-lobes

spreading, 11-1} lin. long, 3-3} lin. broad, oblong, obtusely pointed,

thinly pubescent on the back, glabrous on the inner face, apparently

greenish, tinged with dull purple on the back; corona-lobes sub-

quadrate, with an appendage having 2 minute teeth at its base and

decurrent below as 2 keels on the inner face; subquadrate part

3-1} lin. long, 1-3 lin. broad, rounded or truncate at the top,

appendage arising near the apex of the inner face, 2?—} lin. long,

linear, obtuse or truncate, with the apex incurved over or upon the

top of the } lin.-long staminal column; anther-appendages broadly

ovate, subacute, inflexed on the subtruncate style-apex. SS. filifolium,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb, xx. Beibl. 51, 16, not elsewhere.

Eastern Recion: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 287! near Pinetown, Schlechter,

3166 ! and without precise locality, Mrs. K. Saunders!

Similar in structure to S. filifoliwm, with which it was united by Dr, Schlechter,

but the stems are rather stouter with a very different and more spreading

pubescence and constantly fewer and very much longer internodes, most of them

being 14-2 in. long, giving the plant a different aspect, and in conjunction with

the longer appendage to the corona-lobes and different geographic range are

sufficient to discriminate it..

~ 75. 8. addoense (N. E. Br.) ; stem 10-15 in. high, branching at

the base, 4-1 lin. thick; branches erect, subparallel, puberulous

bifariously or nearly all round, with 2—4 leafy nodes below the lowest

flowering node; internodes 3-1} in. long; leaves erect, {-2 in.

long, 4-4 lin. broad, linear or linear-filiform, acute, with revolute

margins, glabrous; umbels numerous, sessile at the nodes, 6—9-flowered ;

pedicels about 2 lin. long, with a short spreading pubescence ; sepals

3-} lin. long, 1-3 lin, broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute, pubescent;

corolla-lobes 3—1 lin. long, } lin. broad, apparently ascending-spread-

ing, oblong or ovate-oblong, acute, with reflexed margins and incurved

tips, thinly pubescent on the back, glabrous on the inner face;

corona-lobes about 2 lin. long and broad, contiguous, very shortly

connate at the base, quadrate, obtusely rounded at the top forming a

slight rim (which is sometimes indistinguishable in dried specimens)

behind the base of the almost terminal appendage, with a minute

tooth near or at the shoulders, and 2 short parallel tooth-like keels

on the inner face, often very obscure in dried specimens ; appendage

} lin. long, deltoid-linear, aeute or obtuse, inflexed on the backs of

the anther-appendages and not exceeding them; staminal column

% lin. long ; anther-appendages suborbicular, inflexed on the top of

the truncate style apex ; follicles 2-21 in. long, } in. thick, fusiform,

tapering into a long beak, smooth, puberulous,

654 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). ( Schizoglossum.

Coast Recon: Uitenhage Div. ; Addo, Bowie! Drége, 2228!

This is the Addo plant enumerated by E. Meyer under Lagarinthus gracilis in

Comm, Pl. Afr. Austr. 206, but is totally different from the plant he described

under that name. It has the peculiarity of producing flowers nearly all along

the branches.

76. 8. Burchellii (N. E. Br.); stem 10-15 in. high, simple,

4-1 lin. thick, bifariously puberulous, with about 4 pairs of leaves

below the lowest flowering node; leaves erect or ascending, 14-2 in.

long, } lin. broad, shorter than or the lower exceeding the }—2% in.-

long internodes, linear-filiform, acute, with closely revolute margins,

glabrous; umbels 5-7, sessile, lateral at the nodes, 7-14-flowered ;

pedicels 2-21 lin. long, adpressed pubescent; sepals ] lin. long,

lanceolate, very acute, adpressed-pubescent ; corolla-lobes apparently

ascending with incurved tips, 1-1} lin. long, 3 lin. broad, somewhat

elliptic-oblong, acute or subacuminate, thinly adpressed-pubescent on

the back, glabrous on the inner face, apparently dull greenish ;

corona-lobes subquadrate, contiguous, 3-toothed, with 2 minute

teeth on the inner face, the quadrate part } lin. long, 3 lin. broad,

perbaps forming a slight rim behind the middle tooth, which is less

than } lin, long and inflexed on the } lin.-long staminal column ;

anther-appendages orbicular, inflexed on the top of and covering the

style-apex.

Coast Recron: Riversdale Div. ; between Vet River and Krombeks River,

Burchell, 7181 !

Closely allied to S. filifolivm, but less leafy, the stem and flowers

dry brownish (not pale greenish), and the corona-lobes have the appendage

arising at the very apex of the inner face, appearing continuous with the

lobe or with a scarcely perceptible rim behind it. Burchell only collected 2

specimens.

77. 8. Bowkerm (N. E. Br.); stem solitary, simple or with 1

praneh, very leafy, 43-9 in. high, }-$ lin. thick at the base,

puberulous all round in all parts, with internodes }-1 in, long, and

6-8 pairs of leaves below the flowering part; leaves ascending, sub-

sessile, 1-2 in. long, 4-2 lin. broad, 2-4 times as long as the inter-

nodes, linear, acute, with revolute margins, puberulous on the

midrib beneath, otherwise glabrous; umbels 4-10, sessile at the

nodes, 9-16-flowered ; pedicels 14-24 lin. long, adpressed pubescent ;

sepals 2—3 lin. long, } lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute, thinly

adpressed-pubescent ; ecorolla-lobes apparently campanulately spread-

ing, with incurved tips, 1 lin. long, } lin. broad, oblong, subacute,

glabrous on both sides or with a very few hairs on the back ; corona-

lobes about } lin. long and broad, subquadrate, obtuse or subtruncate,

with a very minute tooth at the shoulders and 2 slight keels decurrent

from the appendage on the inner face ; appendage inserted slightly

below the apex of the lobe, which at least forms a transverse Tm

behind its base, }—} lin. long, linear-deltoid, subacute, incumbent on

the backs of the anthers or incurving over the 3 lin.-long stam

column; anther-appendages broadly cuneate-obovate, subtruncate OF

emarginate, inflexed on the top of the truncate style-apex.

Schizoglosswm. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 655

Coast Reeion: Albany Div.; Miss Bowker! East London Div.; on the

river-bank near the Convict Station at East London, 25 ft., Wood in Herb.

Galpin, 3125!

78. §. filifolium (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii, Beibl. 45, 4) ;

stem apparently solitary, simple, 6-15 in. high, }-3 lin. thick, with

7-16 leafy nodes below the lowest flowering node, bifariously

puberulous above, glabrous below ; leaves equalling to twice as long

as the internodes, 4-1} in. long, }—} lin. broad, linear or linear-

filiform, with revolute margins, acute, glabrous or the uppermost with

@ minute scanty pubescence, erect or ascending ; umbels sessile at the

nodes, 2-7-flowered ; pedicels 1-3 lin. long, puberulous; sepals 3-1

lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, thinly adpressed pubescent ; corolla-

lobes ascending-spreading, 3-1} lin. long, }—? lin. broad, ovate-.

oblong, subacute, thinly adpressed-pubescent on the back, glabrous

on the inner face; corona-lobes about } lin. long and broad, sub-

quadrate, subtruncate or slightly rounded with a very minute tooth

at each shoulder at the top and an appendage with 2 minute teeth

at its base on the inner face ; appendage arising just below the apex

of the lobe, which forms a rim behind it, }—1 lin. long, linear or

deltoid-linear, pressed against the anthers and reaching to or directed

over the top of the } lin.-long staminal column ; anther-appendages

suborbicular or broadly ovate, inflexed on the top of the depressed-

truncate style-apex; young follicles solitary, narrowly lanceolate-

fusiform, tapering into a long acute beak, puberulous. Schlechter in

Journ. Bot. 1896, 420, not of Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 16.

Coast RrGion: Komgha Div. ; hill near Keimouth, 200 ft,, Flanagan, 383!

King Williamstown Div. ; on a flat at the foot of Perie Forest, Flanagan, 2169!

Stockenstrom Div.; Kat Berg, Hutton !

Eastern Region; Kentani Diy.; near Kentani, 1000 ft., Miss Pegler, 660!

Willowvale Diy. : Kreilis Country, Bowker, 213!

One specimen of Flanagan, 2169, had corolla-lobes minutely and very sparsely

puberulous within, and the corona-lobes larger than usual, 4 in. long, 3 lin.

broad, subquadrate-rhomboid, emarginate at the obtuse apex, without teeth at

the lateral angles or on the inner face, and the base of the appendage passing

into 2 widely diverging keels, otherwise the specimen was identical with the

usual form, with which it was found growing.

79. 8. exile (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 4); stem

10-13 in. high, very slender, } lin. thick or less at the base,

bifariously puberulous, with internodes 3—2 in. long; leaves erect,

8-10 lin. long, }—} lin. broad, linear, acute, with revolute margins,

glabrous; umbels sessile at 4-7 of the upper nodes, 2-3-flowered ;

pedicels 13-13 lin. long, puberulous; sepals nearly 1 lin. long, } lin.

broad, lanceolate, acute, adpressed pubescent ; corolla-lobes suberect

or campanulately spreading, rather more than 1 lin, long, 2-} lin.

broad, lanceolate, acute, thinly adpressed-pubescent on the back,

glabrous on the inner face; corona-lobes with a subquadrate body }

lin, long and broad, having obtuse subtooth-like shoulders and

produced at the apex of the 2-keeled inner face in front of a rim-like

middle crenation into a slender erect linear slightly spathulate-linear

656 ASCLEPIADEA® (Brown). [Schizoglossum.

or filiform point } lin. long, usually having an inflexed tooth on one

or both sides below the apex; staminal column } lin. high ; anther-

appendages broadly ovate, obtuse, with the tips inflexed over the

margin of the depressed style-apex. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896,

450. Lagarinthus gracilis, E.. Meyer, Comm. 206, as to deseription

and the specimens “ d.’’; Decne in DC. Prodr, viii. 556. DL. exilis,

Deene lc. 556. Gomphocarpus gracilis, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 901.

EASTERN REGION: Tembuland; between Bashee River and Umtata River,

Drége, 4977 | Natal; between Umzimkulu River and Umkomaas River, Drege,

4978 !

The type of Lagarinthus gracilis in E, Meyer’s Herbarium is Drége, 4978,

and with it are placed 3 other specimens (2 of them belonging to different

species), doubtless those quoted by E. Meyer ‘under that species, although not so

named by him, one (8S. addoense) having no name, the other two, although

bearing the same (unpublished) name, belong respectively to S. evile and

S. Dregei. By the kindness of Mons. Casimir De Candolle a photograph has

been sent to Kew of the type of Lagarinthus exilis, Decne, which demonstrates

that it and L, gracilis are both founded upon the same plant, viz, Drege, 4978,

distributed by Drage as “ Lagarinthus gracilis, H. M., a.” A flower of

L. exilis has also been compared with one from the type of Ls gracilis by

Mr. Buser and found to be identical, so that, although Decaisne has described

the corona-lobes of the two as being very different, in all probability if was an

imperfect flower of the specimen named L. evilis which he examined,

Lagarinthus gracilis, Meisn, in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1843, 544 (by

error 444), and Krauss in Flora, 1844, 826, collected by Krauss near the

Knysna River in Knysna Div., is unknown to me. Meisner says of it—* Bad

specimens, differing somewhat from Drédge’s plant in having the leaves longer

than the internodia and glabrous.”

80. S. virgatum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 6);

stem 1}-2 ft. high, usually simple, slender, puberulous, with

numerous internodes 3-1 in. long; leaves erect, 3-13 in. long, 1-1}

lin. broad, linear, acute, quite glabrous or thinly and minutely

puberulous on the revolute margins and midrib beneath ; umbels 8 or

more, sessile at the nodes, or the lower sometimes on peduncles 3-1}

lin, long, 5-10-flowered ; braets 3-1 lin. long, subulate; pedicels }-

1} lin. long, puberulous ; sepals 2-2 lin. long, $ lin, broad, ovate,

acuminate, slightly puberulous: corolla very small, blackish-purple,

glabrous outside, minutely papillate-puberulous on the lobes inside ;

lobes campanulately spreading, with the tips apparently ineurved,

3 lin. long, } lin. broad, oblong-ovate, subacute ; corona-lobes 4-3

lin. long, dark-purple, subquadrate or somewhat elliptic, abruptly

tapering into a short deltoid acute free point or mere apiculus behind

and much shorter than the } lin.-long deltoid-subulate appendage on

the inner face, which is incurved over the 3 lin.-long staminal column

‘and decurrent at its base as 2 slight keels; anther-appendages

orbicular, obtuse, inflexed over the margin of the depressed-truncate

style-apex. Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 4, and Journ.

Bot. 1896, 420. Lagarinthus virgatus, E, Meyer, Comm. 208 ;

pags si c Prodr. viii, 556. Gomphocarpus virgatus, Dietr. Syn.

Pl. ii. 901.

Schizoglossum. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 657

Coast Recion: Komgha Div.; in a grassy valley near Komgha, 2000 ft.,

Flanagan, 1015! Ngqueleni Div.; in Mlengana Cutting, between St. John’s

and the Umgazi River, Bolus, 10199! between Umgazi River and Fakus Kraal,

1000-1509 ft. Dréye, 4979!

Lagarinthus virgatus, var. glabratus, Meisn. in Hook, Lond. Journ. Bot. ii.

1848, 544 (by error 444) ; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 826, collected by Krauss, near

Uitenhage, is unknown to me. There is no description beyond the following :—

‘* Leaves glabrous, shorter than or scarcely exceeding the internodes.”

81. S. loreum (S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1903, 310); stem solitary,

about 18 in. high, slender, about 3 lin. thick at the base, bifariously

puberulous or thinly sprinkled with very minute blackish or dusky

hairs, with about 18 internodes 7-15 lin. long below the flowering

part; leaves erect, 9-11 lin. long, }—} lin. broad, linear or filiform,

with revolute margins, acute, glabrous or the uppermost with a few

very minute dusky adpressed hairs ; umbels about 9, sessile, lateral at

the nodes, 8—-10-flowered ; bracts 1-11 lin. long, setaceous, dusky ;

pedicels 2~3 lin. long, purple-brown, minutely puberulous with brown

hairs; sepals 3 lin. long, } lin. broad, ovate, acute, dark purple-

brown, puberulous; corolla-lobes spreading, 1} lin. long, { lin. broad,

ovate, minutely notched at the acute apex, puberulous on the inner

face, with a few adpressed hairs down the middle of the back,

blackish-purple ; corona-lobes about 14 lin, long, rather thick and

fleshy, rhomboid, tapering above into a long filiform point much

exceeding and loosely curving and crossing one another over the top

of the staminal column, with 2 diverging keels but no appendage on

the inner face, apparently white ; staminal column about } lin. long ;

anther-appendages roundish-ovate obtuse, inflexed over the top of the

truncate style-apex,

Katawart Reaion: Transvaal; open veld to the northward of Johannesburg,

only one specimen seen, Rand, 1122!

Allied to 8. virgatum, of which it has the blackish-purple flowers, but differs

in its longer pedicels and different corona-lobes.

82.8. Dregei (N. E. Brown); stem 3} ft. high in the only

specimen seen, 1 lin, thick at the base, simple, bifariously puberulous

on the upper part, glabrous below, with the internodes below the

flowering part 11-33 in. long; middle and lower leaves 13-2} in.

long, 4-1 lin. broad, the upper smaller, erect, linear, with revolute

margins, acute, glabrous, umbels sessile at the nodes, 3-7-flowered ;

pedicels about 2 lin. long, pubescent; sepals }—} lin. long, 3 lin.

bruad, ovate, very acute, pubescent ; corolla-lobes apparently some-

what spreading, with incurved tips, 1 lin. long, } lin. broad, oblong,

minutely notched at the subacute apex, pubescent on the back,

glabrous on the inner face ; corona-lobes } lin, long (including the

point-like appendage), } lin. broad at the base, shortly exceeding the

staminal column, basal part subquadrate forming a slight but usually

distinct rim or line at the base of the broadly deltoid-ovate acute or

apiculate appendage, which is nearly as broad as the lobe, erect and

VOL. IV.—SECT I,—PART. IV. uu

658 ASCOLEPIADE® (Brown). | Schizoglosswm.

continuous with it, apex recurved and nowhere inflexed, rounded or

obscurely keeled on the back and decurrent as 2 keels on the inner

face.

Coast Recion: Paarl or Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drége!

The specimen upon which I found this very distinct species is the one in

RB. Meyer’s Herbarium which he quotes from Datoits Kloof under Lagarinthus

gracilis, but it is certainly not the specimen from which he described that totally

different species. The corona-lobes are remarkable for the deceptive manner in

which the very broad appendage appears to be the real point of the lobe.

83. S. Woodii (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 25 and

13 in note) ; stems 1}-2} ft. high, simple or branched above the

middle, puberulous along 2 broad lines above, glabrous below, with

5-8 leafy distant nodes below the lowest flowering node; leaves

erect or ascending, subsessile, 1}-3 in. long, 1-4 lin. broad, linear or

linear-filiform, acute, glabrous or the upper slightly puberulous ,

umbels several, sessile at the nodes, 5-7-flowered ; pedicels 2-3 lin.

long, pubescent ; sepals 1 lin. long, + hin. broad, ovate, acute,

pubescent ; corolla-lobes campanulately spreading, 13-2 lin. long,

3-1 lin. broad, ovate-oblong or elliptic-oblong, with the margins

recurved at the slightly incurved apex, pubescent on the back, ciliate,

with a narrow border of hairs along one or both borders of the

inner face; corona-lobes 2-3 lin. long, 3—} lin, broad, oblong, slightly

obovate-oblong or subquadrate, obtusely rounded at the top, some-

times forming a rim behind the appendage, which arises quite at the

apex of the inner face, sometimes continuous with it; appendage

3-1} lin. long, inflexed over the staminal column, with the subulate —

apex incurved-hooked or erectly recurving, with broad infolded wing-

like sides, at the base or up to the middle ending in prominent

deltoid or rectangular teeth and decurrent as keels down the inner face

of the lobe; keels projecting in small teeth just below the middle ;

staminal column 2 lin. long ; anther-appendages subreniform, obtuse,

inflexed over the margin of the depressed-truncate style-apex ;

follicles 2-21 in. long, 3-6 lin. thick at the basal part, fusiform, |

tapering into a long beak, pubescent. Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1896, 449.

Eastern Recton: Griqualand East; near Clydesdale, Tyson, 216

Mae Owan and Bolus Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 1082! Natal; near Howick,

Wood, 3472 (not 3475 as originally quoted) ! 5382 | and in Herb. Natal, 667!

Mrs. Hutton, 206 partly! near Mooi River, 6C00 ft., Schlechter, 3339 / near

Emberton, Schlechter, 8231 (ex Schlechter), Inchanga, Wood, 7363! Attercliff,

800 ft., Sanderson, 508! :

Ihave examined the specimens quoted for this species by Dr. Schlechter,

but

do not find the corona-loves to be as described by him.

84. §. Barber (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 27) 5

stems 2-2} ft. high, erect, branching above, slender, 3-1 lin. thie a

at the base, pubescent along one side on the flowering part, elsewhere

Schizoglossum.] ASCLEPIADEX (Brown). 659

glabrous ; leaves 1-1} in. long on the middle part of the stem,

gradually decreasing on the flowering part to } in. long, } lin, broad,

filiform, acute, erect, glabrous; umbels sessile at 3-9 of the upper

nodes, 2-15-flowered ; pedicels 11-12 lin. long, villous-pubescent ;

sepals } lin. long, ovate, acute, villous-pubescent ; corolla-lobes

spreading, 1 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, oblong-lanceolate, minutely

notched at the subacute meurved apex, recurved along the margins,

villous-pubescent on the back, puberulous on the inner face, with a

tuft of long hairs just below the apex; corona-lobes arising above the

base of the staminal column and incurved over it, scarcely 3 lin. long,

subquadrate at the basal part, deltoid above, acute, with 2 minute

teeth descending as 2 keels near the margins at about the middle on

the inner face; appendage none ; staminal column about } lin. long;

anther-appendages semiorbicular, } lin. broad, inflexed on the

truncate apex of the style. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 420.

Eastern ReGion: Transkei ; near the Tsomo River, Mrs. Barber, 847!

Tembuland ; by the River Emgwali, near Engcobo, 2900 ft. , Bolus, 10198!

85. S. tomentosum (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1894, 261, and

1896, 420); stem 2-2} ft. high, simple or slightly branched and

tomentose at the upper part, bifariously puberulous below, with

internodes 13-41 in. long; leaves erect, 1-22 in. long, 4-1} lin. broad,

linear-filiform, acute, with revolute margins, glabrous or the upper-

most slightly puberulous; umbels several, sessile at the nodes,

6-10-flowered ; pedicels 11-2 lin. long, shortly and densely villous-

tomentose}; sepals 3-1 lin. long, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acute,

adpressed pubescent or tomentose; corolla-lobes spreading, with

much ineurved tips, 1-11 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, oblong or elliptic.

oblong, minutely notched at the obtusely pointed tips, adpressed-

pubescent on the back, glabrous on the inner face ; eorona-lobes

(including the point) about equalling the staminal column, con-

tiguous, very shortly connate at the base, basal part } lin. long,

3-3 lin. broad, subquadrate, 3-toothed at the top, with 2 minute

teeth decurrent as slight keels on the inner face (often evanescent in

dried flowers), but no appendage on the inner face; shoulder-teeth

minute, middle tooth } lin. long, erect, narrowly deltoid-subulate, .

about } as broad as the lobe, very acute; staminal column +? lin.

long; anther-appendages suborbicular, inflexed over the slightly

depressed style-apex. Cynanchum filiforme, Linn. f., Suppl. 169;

Thunb. Prodr. 46, in Weber and Mohr, Archiv. i. (1804) 28, Fi,

Cap. ed. 2, ii. 157, and ed. Schultes, 235; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1253;

Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 272; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 107; Spreng. Syst.

Veg. i. 853; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 154; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 906 ;

_ Deene in DO. Prodr, viii. 549, not of Jacquin. C. verticillare, Lam.

Encycl. ii. 236.

Coast Region: Uniondale Div.; near Ongelegen in Long Kloof, Bolus,

2399 | Humansdorp Div. ; on hills below the mountains near Kromme River,

Thunberg !

coe vu?

660 ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). [Schizoglossum.

Thunberg describes the corona as monophyllous with 5 acute teeth. I find it

as described above in his type specimen ; but the corona-lobes being closely

contiguous and very shortly connate at the base has caused him to mistake it for

a monophyllous corona.

86. §. interruptum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviti. Beibl. 45,

4 in note) ; stem 2-3 ft. high, usually branched in the upper part,

with internodes 2}—4 in. long, gradually reduced to § in. long at the

top, densely villous-pubescent or tomentose above, glabrous below,

striate ; leaves subsessile, erect, 1-2} in. long, } lin. broad, linear-

filiform, with revolute margins, acute ; umbels several to a stem or

branch, sessile, 6-15-flowered ; pedicels 11-3 lin. long, slender, very

villous; sepals 3-3 lin. long, about 1 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate,

acute, villous ; corolla-lobes 13-1} lin. long, + lin. broad, very

spreading, narrowly oblong, subobtuse, with recurved revolute

margins, villous on the back, puberulous and with a tuft of long

white hairs at the tip on the inner face, green (Haygarth) ; corona-

lobes shorter than or reaching to the top of the staminal column,

about } lin. long, 4-3 lin. broad, transverse or subquadrate, obseurely

toothed on each side near the middle, truncate at the top, with a

minute obtuse tooth- or tubercle-like appendage at the apex on the

inner face very slightly exceeding the lobe and 2 small transverse

keels extending from the lateral teeth ; staminal column about 3 lin.

long; anther-appendages suborbicular, closely inflexed over the

truncate style-apex. Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 4,

and in Journ. Bot. 1896, 450. Lagarinthus interruptus, E. Meyer,

Comm. 208; Meisner in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1843, 544 (by

error 444); Krauss in Flora, 1844, 826; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii.

556. Gomphocarpus interruptus, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 901.

pe CEREBAT Recion: Aliwal North Diy. ; Wittebergen Range, 5000 ft., Dréges

KaAvanari Region: Transvaal ; Ermelo, Burtt Davy, 994! z

Eastern Reaion: Griqualand East; Vaal Bank near Kokstad, Haygarth m

Herb, Wood, 4176! Natal; hills near Pietermaritzburg, Krauss (ex Meisner).

The plant collected by Krauss may be distinct. In the Inde# Kewensis, ii.

826, the name Schizoglossum interruptum is attributed to Bentham an

Hooker f., Genera Plantarum, ii, 758, who merely state that Lagarinthus

interruptus, E. Meyer, appears to be intermediate between Xysmalobium

and Schizoglossum. —

87. 8. altissimum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 13);

tuber oblong or ecarrot-like, }—} in. thick ; stem solitary, g1—3t ft.

(up to 6 ft., Schlechter) high, branching at the upper half, pubescent

on the flowering part, otherwiee glabrous, with internoles 1-2} 1.

long; branches erect ; leaves erect, $-24 in. long, }-} lin. broad,

linear-filiform, acute, with revolute margins, glabrous OF the upper

adpressed-pubescent ; umbels numerous, sessile, 3-10- (or more

flowered ; pedicels 14-2 lin. long, finely villous-pubescent ; 8°

4 lin. long, ovate, acute, pubescent ; corolla-lobes spreading, 1

lin, long, }-2 lin. broad, oblong, acute, with recurved margins, thinly

Schizoglossum. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 661

and finely pubescent on the back, densely bordered with white hairs

(which are longest at the tips of the lobes) and minutely puberulous

on the disk of the inner face; corona-lobes ovate or subquadrate,

obtusely keeled down the back, with a filiform appendage about

lin. long inflexed over the } lin.-long staminal column from the

very apex of their inner face and often appearing as a truly terminal

point in dried flowers, decurrent as 2 closely placed keels to below

the middle, abruptly diverging thence into horizontal sinuous keels

to the margins; anther-appendages transverse, obtusely rounded,

inflexed over the 1im of the style-apex ; follicles solitary, 11-13 in.

long, about } in. thick, lanceolate-fusiform, tapering into a long beak,

very softly and densely puberulous. Schlechter in Journ. Bot, 1896,

421, 8. lasiopetalum, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 29.

Kabanart ReGion: Transvaal; by streams near Lydenburg, 4800 ft.,

Schlechter, 3944! Jeppes Town Ridges near Johannesburg, 6000 ft., Gilfillan,

in Herb. Galpin, 6228! near Modderfontein, Conrath, 988! Waterval Boven,

Burtt Davy, 1411!

eo faces Recion: Portuguese Hast Africa; Matolla, 20 ft., Schlechter,

635!

I can find no difference whatever between S. altissimum and 8S. lasiopetalum.

Imperfectly known species.

88, 8. hirsutum (Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose. 1848, i. 256) ;

stem simple or slightly branched, hairy; leaves subsessile or very

shortly petiolate, oblong, o!tuse or shortly acuminate, hairy on both

sides, twice as long as the internodes, truncate or hastate at the

base ; umbels terminal or lateral at the upper nodes, about 6-flowered ;

corolla 5-partite, fleshy; corona-lobes concave, with an entire

inflexed terminal point and a bipartite appendage on the inner face

incumbent on the style-apex ; pollen-masses oblong, laterally affixed ;

follicles solitary, covered with long soft bristles. Schlechter in Journ.

Bot, 1896, 419.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Ecklon.

This appears to be closely allied to S. cordifoliwm, E, Meyer, and may prove to

be identical with that species.

89. 8. truncatum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45,

28); plant branching from the base, 6-8 in. high; stems pilose,

densely leafy ; leaves erect, 1-14' in. long, 1-1} lin. broad, linear,

acute, with revolute margins, minutely seabrous-pubescent ; umbels

pedunculate, lateral at the nodes (10-15-flowered according to

Schlechter), 6-flowered with a puberulous pedunele 10 lin. long in the

one examined ; pedicels unequal, 3-5 lin. long, puberulous; bracts

1-2 lin. long, subulate, acute, ciliate with spreading hairs; sepals 1}

lin. Jong, lanceolate, acute, shortly hairy; corolla-lobes erectly-

spreading, 1} lin. long, 11 lin. broad, elliptie-ovate, subobtuse, with

reflexed margins, incurved at the tips, glabrous on both sides,

662 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Schizoglossum.

apparently purplish ; corona-lobes slightly exceeding the staminal

column, nearly 1 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, ovate, obtusely bifid at the

apex, with an oblong or subrectangular emarginate truncate or obtuse

appendage 1—} lin. long decurrent into 2 keels on the inner face, and

not exceeding the apex of the lobe; anther-appendages broadly

rounded, subereet, applied to the underside of the slightly spreading

margin of the depressed style-apex ; caudicles attached just above

the middle of the straight linear pollen-masses, which are obtuse at

both ends. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 420. 8S, proemorsum,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 28, in note.

Souru Arrica: without locality, Mrs. Barber.

Of this plant I have only seen one leaf and an umbel of flowers from the type,

from an examination of which 1 suspect that it will prove to be only a slight form

of S. bidens.

XVII. FANNINIA, Harv.

Calyx 5-partite; sepals narrow. Corolla 5-lobed nearly to the

base ; lobes overlapping in bud. Corona of 5 lobes arising from the

staminal column, linear-oblong, flat, with a distinct midrib and

bearing 2 erect lobules at their base. Stamens connate into a tube

around the ovary, with the anthers united to the style ; anthers erect,

broader than long, tipped with a membranous fringed appendage.

Pollen-masses solitary and pendulous in each anther-cell, attached to

the pollen-carriers in pairs by short abruptly curved caudicles, which

are broadly dilated at the basal half. Style-apew truncate or slightly

depressed, not produced beyond the anther-appendages. Fruit not

seen. Panninia, Baill. Hist. Pl. x. 258.

A tuberous-rooted herb, with opposite leaves and terminal umbels of showy

white flowers with purple corona-lobes.

DistRr1B. Monotypic, endemic. This genus is very closely related to Schtz0-

glossum and should perhaps be united with it, the flowers are exceedingly like

those of S. ewimium, 8. Grantii and some other allied Tropical African species, but

differ in haying free basal lobules to the corona-lobes and no keels. The basal

lobules are evidently the homologues of the minute free teeth at the base of the

lobes in Schizoglossum linifolium.

1. F. caloglossa (Harv. Gen. S, Afr. Pl. ed. 2, 235); stem simple

or with 1 branch at the base, 4-10 in. high, villous with jointed

hairs, but not densely ; leaves in 2-6 pairs, erect or slightly spread-

ing; petiole 1-4 lin. long; blade 1-24 in. long, g—1 in. broad,

usually the lowest ovate, the middle pairs lanceolate or oblong-

lanceolate and the uppermost linear, or occasionally all ovate or

oblong-lanceolate, acute to obtuse, rounded or more rarely subcordate

at the base, villous with jointed hairs on both sides, shortly ciliate ;

umbels solitary or a pair at the apex of the stem, pedunculate, 4-6-

(rarely up to 10-) flowered; peduncles 3-21 in. long, villous ; bracts

2-3 lin. long, filiform; pedicels 33-73 lin. long, villous; sepals

Fanninia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 668

21-31 lin. long, 3-3 lin. broad, linear or linear-lanceolate, acute,

villous ; corolla-lobes suberect or campanulately spreading, 5-6} lin.

long, 2-3 lin.'broad, oblong-lanceolate, subacute, villous on the back,

the inner face hairy on the borders and bearded with long hairs at

the apex, otherwise glabrous, white, tinted with purplish on the back ;

corona-lobes arising about 1 lin. up the staminal column, suberect or

very slightly spreading, 21-3 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, broadly linear,

emarginate or notched at the apex, flat, with a well marked midrib,

dark purple-brown, bearing at the base 2 erect linear acute whitish

lobes 1 lin. long, }—2 lin. broad, with their tips incurved over the

backs of the anther-appendages; staminal column 2 lin. long, con-

tracted under the corona-lobes; anther-appendages much broader

than long, rounded, fringed with long hairs at their tips, which are

inflexed upon the truncate style-apex. Schlechter in Journ, Bot.

1894, 261, and Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 10; K. Schum. in

Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 233 and 234, fig. 68, E-F.

Coast Recion: Cathcart Div.; near Thomas River, 2600 ft., Flanagan,

1685. Stutterheim Div.; Mount Dohne, 4000 ft., Sim /

Eastern Recion: Transkei, Hallack! Mrs. Barber, 30! Tembuland ;

Bazeia, 2500 ft., Baur, 553! Griqualand East ; Mount Malowe, 4000 ft.,

Tyson, 2720! and in MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 897 ;

Natal, Dargle Farm, Fannin, 49!

This is one of the most beautiful of South African Asclepiads and well worth

cultivating.

XVIII. ASCLEPIAS, Linn.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla 5-lobed, usually nearly to the base, often

reflexed; lobes narrowly overlapping in bud. Corona of 5 lobes

arising at or above the base of the staminal column, erect or radiately

spreading, cucullate or compressed-cucullate, at least at the basal

part, or with a fissure down the inner face, with or without a horn,

tooth, flap, keel or other process within the cavity. Staminal column

arising from the base of the corolla, united above with the dilated

top of the style; anthers erect, terminated by membranous or rarely

subpetaloid appendages, which are erect or inflexed upon or over the

top of the style. Pollen-masses solitary and pendulous in each

anther-cell, opaque, attached in pairs to the pollen-carriers by long or

short caudicles of variable shape; pollen-carriers seated upon or

below the margin of the style-apex. Style truncate, depressed or

rarely shortly 5-lobed at the apex. ollicles solitary or very rarely

in pairs, globose to narrowly fusiform, usually beaked, smooth,

winged or more or less covered with subulate processes or tubercles,

Seeds crowned with a tuft of hairs.

Perennial herbs, often with a tuberous rootstock ; stems erect or decumbent,

simple or branched ; leayes opposite or whorled, linear-filiform to elliptic, some-

times cordate or hastate at the base; flowers usually of moderate size, in |

Soy ogni or very rarely sessile umbels, lateral at the nodes or terminal

or both,

664 ASOLEPIADE (Brown). | Asclepias.

DistR1B. Species about 150, distributed throughout Africa and the warmer

parts of North and South America, with 2 species in Arabia and the Orient, and

2 naturalised in many warm countries.

Until recently nearly all the South African species of this genus were placed

under Gomphocarpus, but as stated in the Flora of Tropical Africa, iv. i. 314,

this cannot be maintained as generic. lly distinct from Asclepias. The only

distinction between them is the presence in Asclepias or absence in Gomphocarpus

of a horn, tooth or other process within the cavity of the corona-lobes, In some

Tropical species, however, the process is present or absent in different flowers of

tle same species, sometimes even in different umbels on the same plant, so that

both genera are represented in the same individual. ‘This may possibly be the case

with some of the South African species, but I have not yet noticed its occurrence.

Dr. Schlechter has united these genera in the Journal of Botany, 1895, 324, and

1896, 451, but has also included with them Pachycarpus and Xysmalobium,

without giving inclusive characters or a reason for doing so. ‘The genera

Asclepias, Pachyglosswm, Xysmalobium, Woodia, Schizoglossum, Fanninia and

Krebsia are all very closely allied, but as here limited are easily recognised by

their coronal structure and usually also by habit; if the former character be

ignored, then all must be merged into one unwieldy genus, as has been done by

Baillon, which is not desirable. The absence of sharply defined characters for

these genera has been productive of much confusion among recent writers, the

same species having been described by.the same author under two genera in more

than one instance. See also Flora of Tropical Africa, iv. i. 299, 314, 353, 376.

Corolla not lobed beyond the middle, subglobose-campanu-

late ; leaves linear ve ee ae ae as

Corolla lobed nearly to the base, often reflexed or the lob:s

spreading to suberect :

* Corona-lobes with a compressed erect process or ho:n

within the cavity :

Leaves linear; corolla-lobes 4-5 lin. long ... ... (18) navicularis,

Leaves filiform, linear or linear-lanceolate ; corolla- var. B.

lobes 14-3 lin. long.

- Stems numerous, 3-6 ft. high; umbels several,

pedunculate, racemosely scattered along the stems (25) filiformis.

Stem solitary; umbels few and sessile in a

terminal umbel-like cluster, with or without a

distant sessile or rarely pedunculate umbel

below them, or solitary and terminal.

Stem more than 14 ft. high; corolla not yellow,

purplish on the back of the 3 lin.-long lobes ;

corona-lobes like a deep spoon-bowl, with a

pair of nearly free linear teeth at the base ... (22) cognata.

Stem }-1} ft. high; corolla yellow; teeth at

the base of the corova-lobes not linear nor

nearly free, or subobsolete.

Corolla-lobes 14-24 lin. long; corona-lobes

open, spoon-bowl-like, not compressed nor

subquadrate, with short teeth at the base (23) flava.

Corolla-lobes 24-3 lin. long; corona-lobes

compressed-cucullate, subquadrate in side

view, truncate at the top, scarcely produced i

into teeth... | cer cerbaarl, ‘Woedeberde ang] (VA) DORINOMIIN

Leaves oblong, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate ;

corolla-lobes 54-6} lin. long, bordered with white 2

hairs... tes eis oi ‘ive vas ... (35) cultriformis.

**Corona-lobes with a median keel down the inner face

of their cavity or upper part; leaves oblong,

oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate.

(1) macra.

Asclepias. | ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). 665

Umbels 4—8—flowered ; corona-lobes twice as iong as

the entire staminal column ose we ..» (39) humilis.

Umbels 8—15-—flowered ; corona-lobes a little longer

than the stalk of the staminal column... ... (40) ulophylla.

***Corona-lobes with a small transverse shelf-like flap

within the cavity near the top; leaves linear or

linear-lanceolate,

Leaves 3-11 lin. broad, tapering into the petiole at

the base ; umbels not exceeding or shorter than

the leaves subtending them ty ne ... (18) navicularis.

Leaves 14-4} lin. broad, truncate or subhastate at

the base ; umbels much exceeding the leaves sub-

tending them a pat otk ae ... (14) disparilis.

****Corona-lobes without a keel, flap, horn or other

process (but sometimes puberulous) within the

cavity ; umbels all distinctly pedunculate.

Leaves remarkably crisped-undulate, linear to lanceo-

late, truncate, rounded or cuneate at the base,

scabrous or pubescent By ber uae ... (42) erispa.

Leaves not undulate nor crisped or but slightly so

(see 837, A. meliodora, 46, A. Cooperi).

{ Leaves 9-10 times as long as broad, linear-

filiform, linear to lanceolate or linear-hastate :

t Umbels 2 or more to a stem or branch, rarely

solitary and then (except in 5, 4. premorsa)

lateral, with the stem bearing one or more

pairs of leaves beyond the base of the

peduncle :

§ Leaves tapering or rounded (never broadened,

hastate nor truncate) at the base:

|| Plant 3-15 in, high ; corolla-lobes 14-3}

lin. long;

Midrib on underside of dried leaves

very stout, 2-3 lin. broad ; umbels

a terminal pair or 3: :

Upper internodes 4—} in, long; um-

bels not exceeding the subtending

lente hriestetireen to watts ve (2) orassinerns.

Upper internodes 2-43 in.long; um-

bels exceeding the subtending -

leaves @disual) fie vieja ict’ (48) Weed.

Midrib on underside of dried leaves

4-4 (or rarely 4) lin. broad :

Corona-lobes with the apical angles

of their inflexed sides produced

into slender subulate teeth 1 lin.

long, rising high over the style- : :

apex Sa 2 ee a(S) ieanpls.

Corona-lobes with the angles at the

apex or middle of their inflexed

sides. not produced into long

slender subulate teeth :

Corona-lobes measured along their

backs very much longer than

the staminal column, but on

account of their spread often

not overtopping it:

Leaves glabrous, linear-filiform

or linear ; peduncles 13-5} in.

long see ase see ee (21) aurea,

666 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Asclepras.

Leaves scabrous, scaberulous or

pubescent ; peduncles 4-2 in.

long; tips of corona-lobes

radiate or in dried flowers

often erect : :

Plant branching into very

numerous stems at the

base; corolla-lobes glabrous

on both sides up ... (12) meyeriana.

Plant branching into 2-8 stems

at the base; corolla-lobes

pubescent on the back :

Plant 3-4 in. high; leaves

shortly pubescent; ¢o- |

rona-lobes 2 lin. long ... (11) velutina.

Plant 3-10 in. high; leaves

more or less scabrous +

Corolla and corona-lobes

24-3 lin. long ... ... (9) stellifera.

Corolla and corona-lobes ?

13-2 lin. long ... ... (10) brevipes.

Corona-lobes erect, shorter than to

slightly exceeding the staminal

colamn :

Cucullate part of corona-lobes

about as long as broad =... (8) cucullata.

Cucullate part of corona-lobes 2- ce

3 times as long as broad .... (16) brevicuspls.

||| Plant 14-4 or sometimes up to 10 ft. high ;

leaves linear to lanceolate 4-10 lin.

broad :

Leaves in whorls of 3-4 or some of them

(in 30, A. crinita) opposite ; umbels

several, racemosely arranged :

Leaves puberulous when young;

umbels 4-6-flowered Ke s

Leaves entirely glabrous or minutely

ciliate when young ; umbels 8-25- :

flowered... sv dis ... (31) rivularis.

Leaves all opposite :

Umbels a pair or 3 (rarely solitary),

terminal, with a long peduncie- :

like internode below them ... (43) Woodii.

Umbels several or numerous race-

mosely arranged along the stems :

Young parts of stem, peduncles and

pedicels densely white tomen-

tose : :

Corona-lobes with backwardly

directed faleate teeth at the

inner apical angles ; follicles

ellipsoid, abruptly contracted

intoa beak ... yee ... (26) decipiens.

Corona-lobes D-shaped, without

— a ovoid-lanceo-

ate, gradually tapering into ~

a beak a8 si . ... (27) Burchellii.

Young parts of stem, peduncles and

pedicels not densely white

tomentose :

(30) erinita.

Asclepias. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown).

Corona-lobes with rather long

backwardly directed falcate

teeth at the inner apical

angles; follicles ovoid or

lanceolate, tapering into a

beak or shortly acute et

Corona-lobes with erect obliquely

subtruncate or shortly falcate

teeth at the inner apical

angles; follicles subglobose,

obtuse or apiculate... ... (29) physocarpa.

§§ Leaves truncate or hastately auriculate, but

not otherwise broadened at the base,

linear, subsessile, usually very long and

widely spreading or deflexed :

Anther-appendages longer than broad, sub-

petaloid, erect, much overtopping the

style-apex :

Corona-lobes produced at the dorsal apex

into a long linear-subulate point ...

Corona-lobes truncate or obliquely

convex at the top, not produced at

the dorsal apex into a point

Anther-appendages not longer than broad

nor subpetaloid, inflexed upon the

margin of the style-apex :

Corona-lobes compressed-cucullate, not

divided down the back nor with a

basal lobule ... ve ui aes

Corona-lobes dorsally divided to the base,

whence arises a fish-tail-like erect

lobule... sie ae = ioe

{{Umbel solitary and strictly terminal on each

stem or branch (see also 5, A. premorsa,

(23) fruticosa.

(4) expansa.

(5) preemorsa.

(6) patons.

(7) peltigera.

very rarely in 16, A. brevicuspis with 1-2

lateral umbels below the terminal one);

plant branched at the base; leaves mostly

hastate, truncate or broadly cuneate and

often broadened at the base :

Corona-lobes measured along their backs

much longer than the staminal colamn :

Corona-lobes 6-7 times as long as broad

when viewed from the side, overtopping

the staminal column by half their length ;

corolla-lobes 5-7 lin. long on ae

Corona-lobes not 6~7 times as long as broad

across their side nor overtopping the

staminal column by half their length ;

corolla-lobes not more than 44 lin. long:

Corona-lobes distinctly gibbous or curved

on the back with an erect subulate

point at their dorsal apex 3-4 as

long as the rest of the lobe... ee

Corona-lobes not gibbous nor curved on

‘the back, with the termioal part

tee oblong or ovate, obtuse :

Leaves glabrous, smooth = ws +++

Leaves scabrous, at least on the mar-

gins and midrib ... 0+ a

(20) eminens.

(19) eibhe.

(15) flexuosa.

667

(42) erispa, var. B.

668 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). | Asclepias.

Corona-lobes measured along their backs not

or but slightly longer than the staminal

column ; corolla-lobes 2—4 lin, long :

Dorsal apex of the corona-lobes scarcely or

not at all exceeding the apical angles

of the inflexed sides :

Leaves linear, glabrous; umbels 3-11-

flowered : bee ... (16) brevicuspis.

Leaves lincar-lanceolate or lanceolate

mostly broadest at the base, scabrous

or harshly pubescent :

Umbel 1-1} in. in diam., 12-25-

flowered ; peduncles 34-7 in. long (44) densiflora.

Umbel 14-2 in. in diam., 80-50-

flowered; peduncles 2-4 in. long (46) Cooperi.

Dorsal apex of the corona-lobes distinctly

produced above the apex of the

inflexed sides... “oa a4 ... (17) dissona.

{+Leaves from almost as broad as long to 6 or 7

times as long as broad, mostly broadest at the

base, lanceolate or rarely linear-lanceolate,

ovate, oblong, linear-oblong or elliptic (see

also occasional short-leaved specimens of 15,

A, flecuosa, 28, A. fruticosa, and 29, A.

physocarpa) :

{¢Umbels a terminal pair or 3 by the forking of

1 peduncle, with a peduncle-like internode :

2-44 in. long below them ... aS .-» (43) Woodii.

ttU mbels usually 2 to several to a stem or branch

mostly lateral at the nodes, or if solitary

then lateral below the apex of the stem :

Plant 1-8 ft. high, with stems 2+5 lin.

thick at the base :

Plant shrubbily branching, pubescent or

tomentose on the young branches and

back of the 24-8} lin.-long corolla- wie

lobes wy ei a 5H ... (32) rotundifolia.

Plant with a simple stem, glabrous on the

young parts and back of the 44-6 lin.-

long corolla-lobes oe ive ... (38) glaucophylla.

Plant 3-14 ft. high, usually branching at the

base, with stems rarely more than 1}

lin. thick at the base :

Corona-lobes in side view with the dorsal

apex below or not exceeding the level

of the teeth or apex of the inflexed

sides :

Peduncles 2-43 in. long, 2-4 times as

long as the leaves at their base... (45) fallax.

Peduncles 3-22 in. long, shorter than to

14 times as long as the leaves at

their base :

Pubescence on umbels of rather long

spreading white hairs; corona-

lobes in side view rounded or

scarcely angular at the dorsal

apex ve fo bee ... (36) rara.

Pubescence on umbels very short and.

close, often rust-coloured or

Asclepias. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 669

tawny; corona-lobes distinctly

angular in side view at the dorsal

apex ws ee ay ... (34) dregeana,

Corona-lobes in side view with the dorsal

apex rising much above or prolonged

beyond the teeth or apex of the

inflexed sides :

Leaf-blade 23-10 lin. long, 14-34 lin.

broad at the hastate or truncate base

glabrous above a cea ... (13) multicaulis,

Leaf-blade 4-33 in. long, }-1 in. broad,

more or less harshly pubescent or

scahrous on both sides (sometimes

glabrous above in 42, A. erispa,

var. 7)?

Plant 2-5 in. high :

Peduneles as long as or longer than

the leaves at their base ; corona-

lobes 1 lin. Jong ks ... (38) monticola.

Peduncles much shorter than the

leaves at their base; corona-

lobes 14-2 lin. long... ... (37) meliodora,

Plant 4-14 ft. high:

Peduncles 1-3 in. long, slightly

shorter than to much longer

than the leaves at their base .,, (42) erispa,

Peduncles }-3 in. long, much shorter vars, B and y.

than the leaves at their base... (41) hastata,

tttUmbel solitary and terminal on each stem or

branch; peduncles often long:

Corona-lobes subtruncate or rounded at the

top and scarcely or not at all longer

from the base to the dorsal apex than to

the apex or teeth of the inflexed sides :

Corolla-lobes very distinctly puberulous all

over the inner face ; umbel 1-1} in.

in diam. a aa bis ... (48) viearia.

Corolla-lobes glabrous on the inner face or

very minutely puberulous at the base:

Umbels 14-2 in. (rarely more) in diam. ;

peduncle 14-4 in, long; corona-

lobes 1-1 lin. long :

Leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, sub-

cordate to broadly rounded at the

base ; umbel 15-30-flowered (see

also 50, A. affinis) on ... (49) albens.

Leaves narrowly lanceolate, cuneate,

subhastate or subtruncate at the

base, often undulate; umbel 30-

50-flowered aps ssf ... (46) Cooperi.

Umbels 3-1} in. in diam., 2-25-flowered

Peduncles 3-2} in. long ; corona-lobes

not quite 1 lin. long ae ... (47) adscendens,

Peduncles 3-7 in. long; corona-lobes

1}-1} lin. long:

Plant 1-13 ft. high; corona-lobes

entirely creamy-white or yellow-

is gevngin 26 0s ie) denbifiora,

Plant 3-1 ft, high; corona-lobes

dark violet-brown on the back (45) fallax,

670 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Aselepias.

Corona-lobes distinctly longer from the base

to the dorsal apex than to the teeth or

apex of the inflexed sides, and in dried

specimens often much overtopping the

staminal column ; corolla-lobes glabrous

on the inver face :

Leaves glabrous on the upper surface :

Leaves 2-10 lin. long, tapering to a very

acute point from a hastate or trun-

cate base... .. (18) multicaulis.

Leaves 3-2 in. long, linear-oblong,

oblong or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse

or subacute ... ied a ... (42) erispa, var. y.

Leaves harshly or scabrous-pubescent or

scabrous above or on both sides ;

Peduncles much shorter than the leaves

subtending them, 4-3 in. long... (41) hastata.

Peduneles as long as or longer than the

leaves subtending them :

Peduncles 1-3? in. long ; corona-lobes

1-13 lin. long... Ae ... (50) affinis.

Peduneles 3-6 in. long; corona-lobes

23-24 lin. long... ee ... (51) macropus.

1. A. macra (Schlechter in Journ. Bot, 1896, 456); stem 6-12

in. high, simple, compressed, pubescent with spreading hairs, chiefly

bifariously, with internodes 4-11 in. long; leaves erect or ascending,

apparently secund, 3-51 in. long, 1-1} lin. broad, linear with revolute

margins, acute, rounded or cuneate into a short broad petiole, more

or less scabrous-pubescent; umbels 1-2 to a stem, pedunculate,

9-13-flowered ; peduncles 3-11 in. long, pubescent or scabrous-

pubescent; bracts 3-4 lin. long, linear-subulate, acute, scabrous-

pubescent, deciduous; pedicels 7-9 lin. long, scabrous-pubescent ;

sepals 3-34 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent ;

corolla subglobose-campanulate, 2 in. in diam. across the lobes,

pubescent with spreading hairs and stained with purple-brown out-

side, glabrous and yellowish within; tube 3-3} lin. long, 5-6 Jin. in

diam. at the mouth; lobes 3 lin. long, 34-3} lin. broad, broadly

ovate, subobtuse, recurving at the tips, ciliolate along one margin ;

corona-lobes arising at the base of the staminal column and adnate to

it for 2 of their length, compressed-cucullate, erect, 2} lin. long,

11 lin. broad across the side, subrectangular in general outline viewed

sideways, 3-lobed at the top, without a tooth or crest within, but the

inner surface minutely puberulous; lateral lobes 1 lin. long, ¢ lin.

broad, falcate-oblong, obtuse, with their upper margin obliquely

spreading, dorsal lobe nearly 1 lin. long, oblong, obtusely ‘bifid,

folded lengthwise, erect; staminal column } in. long; anther-

appendages roundish-subquadrate, with their tips incurved over the

thickened crenulate rim of the depressed- truncate style-apex.

A. suaveolens, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 9 in note, not

of Leconte. Gomphocarpus suaveolens, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb,

xx, Beibl. 51, 38,

Aselepias. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 671

KALAHARI ReGIoN: Transvaal; Elandspruit Mountains, 6800 ft., Schlechter,

4006; near the Olifants River, 4800 ft., Schlechter, 4109 ! Carolina’ district,

near Bosses, Burtt Davy, 2956 !

This remarkable species is so exceedingly like Pachycarpus Gerrardi, N. E. Br.,

as to be easily mistaken for that plant until the corona is examined.

2. A. crassinervis (N. E. Br.) ; plant 5-11 in. high ; stem solitary,

simple, bifariously pubescent, leafless below the middle; upper inter-

nodes 4-3 in. long; leaves 2-3} in. long, 1}-3} lin. broad, linear,

acute, narrowed into a very short petiole at the base, more or less

pubescent on both sides or nearly glabrous beneath, flat, with a very

stout prominent midrib 2-% lin. broad beneath ; umbels usually a

pair, occasionally 3, terminal, shorter than the leaves, corymbose,

4-6-flowered ; peduncles 1—3 in. long, pubescent or puberulous down

one side; pedicels 3-7 lin. long, stout, puberulous on one side;

sepals 2-3 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,

pubescent; corolla-lobes reflexed-spreading, 3-31 lin. long, 13-24

lin, broad, oblong-ovate, subobtuse at the minutely notched apex,

glabrous on both sides or with a few minute hairs at the tips on the

back, apparently white or greenish-white, dark purple-brown on the

back ; corona-lobes arising at the base of the staminal column and

slightly exceeding it, erect, 13-2} lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad across

the side at the top, cucullate, rounded on the curved back, somewhat

cornucopia-like in side view, with the dorsal apex produced into a

very short obtuse point, the tips of the inflexed sides produced into

teeth } lin. long, resting on the anther-appendages, puberulous at the

basal part within, but without a horn or other process, apparently

dark purple-brown with the inflexed sides white ; staminal column

14-2 lin. long ; anther appendages broadly ovate, acute, with the tips

inflexed upon the style apex, which is depressed at the centre.

Katanart Recron: Transvaal ; Rebbokdraai, new Nelspruit, 3600. ft., Burtt

Davy, 1629! between Carolina and Oshoek, Burtt Davy, 2988 !

Eastern ReoGion: Swaziland; Embabaan (Mbabane), 4600 ft., Burtt Dary,

2775! 2830! between Bremersdorp and Mbabane, 2300-4000 ft., Bolus, 12135!

3. A. cucullata (Schlechter in Journ. Bot, 1896, 455); stems 2 or

more to a plant, simple, 6-10 in. high, puberulous, with internodes

4-11 in. long ; leaves ascending or subereet, subsessile, 14—4 in. long,

22 lin. broad, linear, with revolute margins, acute, scaberulous or

subglabrous; umbels 1—4, lateral and terminal, 3-—5-flowered ;

peduncles 1-23 in. long, puberulous; bracts 1-2 lin. long, subulate ;

pedicels 4-8 lin, long, puberulous; sepals about 1} lin. long,

lanceolate, acute, pubescent ; corolla-lobes apparently spreading, with

upeurved tips, 3 lin. long, nearly 2 lin. broad, ovate, subacute,

pubescent on the back, glabrous on the inner face ; corona-lobes

arising from the base of and adnate high up the staminal column,

shorter than to slightly overtopping it, 1}-2} lin. long, 1-1} lin.

broad across the side, compressed-cucullate, with the sides bulging

outwards and somewhat impressed (always?) below, semicircularly

672 ASCLEPIADE® (Brown). [ Asclepias.

rounded on the back, in side view subcireular and transversely

notched at the top to half way down with the obtuse point

ineurved, or with a subcircular basal part dorsally produced

above into a linear-oblong or ovate-oblong obtuse or slightly bifid

point, erect or recurving at the tip, the part adnate to the column

produced into short erect acute angles, densely puberulous inside,

but without any appendage or process ; staminal-column 13-2 lin.

long ; anther-appendages transverse, acute, inflexed over the rim of

the depressed - truncate style - apex. Gomphocarpus cucullatus,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 17, and xx. Beibl.

51, 28.

Katanart Recron: Orange River Colony; Harrismith, Sankey, 185!

Transvaal; Saddleback Mountain near Barberton, 3500-4500 ft., Galpin, 1034!

Frischgewacht in the Zoutpans Berg, Miss Leendertz, 823!

Eastern Recion: Transkei, Hallack! Umtata Div. ; Bazeia, Baur! Natal;

near Van Reenen, 5000-60.0 ft., Wood, 4820! 5384! 5667 ! between Greytown

and Newcastle, Wilms, 2141! Pilgrims Rest, Greenstock! Greenwich Farm,

Riet Vlei, Fry in Herb. Galpin, 2741! Shafton, Howick, Mrs, Hutton, 41!

317! 407! Swaziland; near Mbabane, 5000 ft., Bolus, 12134! Miller |

In the dried specimens the corolla appears to be whitish tinged with purple on

the inside, purple on the back, and the corona whitish or dull yellow with a

purple-brown stripe down the back, but Mr. Wood notes on one label “ calyx

brown, corolla and corona yellow ”; and on another label ‘‘ corona pinky-white.”

4. A. expansa (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 7);

stem solitary, simple, 10-24 in. high, puberulous on the flowering

part, nearly or quite glabrous below, with internodes }—3 in. long ;

leaves varying from ascending to deflexed, 2}-5 in. long, 3-1} lin.

broad, linear, acute, auriculate or subtruncate at the base, glabrous or

scaberulous on the margins and midrib beneath ; umbels 2-5,

racemose or occasionally subcorymbose, 4—8-flowered ; peduncles

1-3 in, long, puberulous; bracts 1-1} lin. long, subulate, very

deciduous; pedicels 3-3 in. long, puberulous; sepals 14-1} lin.

long, 3 lin. broad, ovate or lanceolate, acute, thinly puberulous;

corolla-lobes spreading, 3}-5 lin. long, 24-2} lin. broad, ovate or

oblong-ovate, obtusely pointed, glabrous on both sides, green (Bowker)

on the inner face, purplish on the back ; corona-lobes arising } lin.

up the staminal column, apparently whitish or greenish-white, with

the point and a dorsal stripe purple, 2-3 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad

across the side of the complicate-cucullate part, the inflexed sides 0

which are produced at the apex into tapering or oblong and

entire or unequally bilobulate acute or obtuse lobes 2-1} lin. long,

apparently more or less diverging and directed towards the centre,

dorsal apex produced into a subulate spreading point 1-2 lin. long, n°

tooth or other process within; anther-appendages subpetaloid,

erect, 14-1} lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad, oblong to subspathulate-

elliptic, very obtuse, exceeding the style-apex by their whole length

and slightly exceeding the cucullate part of the corona-lobes,

ved brown” (Wood), Schlechter in Journ, Bot. 1896, 452.

Asclepias. | ASCLEPIADES (Brown), 673

Lagarinthus expansus, E. Meyer, Comm. 206 ; Meisn. in Hook. Lond.

Journ. Bot. ii. 1843, 544 (by error 444), and Krauss in Flora, 1844,

826. Gomphocarpus expansus, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 901; Decne in DC.

Prodr. viii. 560; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 7.

Coast Recion: Knysna Div.; near the Knysna River, Arauss (ex Meisner).

Uitenhage Div.: by the Zwartkops River, Prior! Van Stadens Mountains,

Zeyher, 591! Bolus, 1549! Albany Div. ; near Grahamstown, Mrs. Hutton! Mac

Owan, 675! Galpin, 3095! Glass in MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1504! Bolus,

9128! King Williamstown Div. : near Kachu (Yellowwood River) Drége, 4972!

East London Div.; near East London, Wood in Herb. Galpin, 3380! Komgha

Div. ; near Komgha, Flanagan, 398! British Kaffraria, Mrs. Hutton !

Eastern Recion : Transkei ; Fort Bowker, Bowker, 376 !

The petaloid anther-appendages of this species are very remarkable.

5. A. premorsa (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 8);

stem probably solitary, simple, 14-2 ft. high, slightly puberulous on

the upper part, glabrous below, with internodes 2—4 in. long;

leaves subsessile, spreading or upcurved, 21-5 in. long, {—1 lin. broad,

linear, acute, truncate or auriculate at the base, with revolute

margins, scaberulous ; umbels 3—5, lateral and terminal, racemose,

or occasionally solitary and terminal in weak plants, 4—5-flowered ;

peduncles 1-1 in. long, puberulous; bracts about 1} lin. long,

subulate, very deciduous ; pedicels 6—7 lin. long, puberulous ; sepals

about 11 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute, pubescent ;

corolla-lobes 2-34 lin. long, 13-2} lin. broad, elliptic-ovate, acute or

subobtuse, glabrous on both sides, apparently white or greenish-

white ; corona-lobes arising } lin. up the staminal column, much

overtopping the style-apex, erect, 11-1} lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad

across the side, cucullate or complicate-cucullate, the top margins

shortly produced into erect obtuse teeth at the inner apical

margins, subtruncate and slightly recurved or concavely notched in

front of the teeth and then convexly ascending to the dorsal

obtuse apex, no tooth within; anther-appendages subpetaloid, con-

nivent-erect, overtopping the corona-lobes, 3-1} lin. long, 3—} lin.

broad, oblong or elliptic-oblong, rounded at the apex, white.

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 453, and Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus.

Wien, xv. 68. Lagarinthus truncatus, E. Meyer, Comm. 206. Gom-

phocarpus truncatus, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 901; Decne in DC. Prodr.

vill. 560,

Coast Recion : Komgha Div. ; near Komgha, Kreok, 796 (ex Schlechter). _

Eastern ReGion : Transkei ; between the Kei River and Gekau (Gcua) River,

Drege, 4971! Pondoland ; between Umkwani River and Umsikaba River, 200 ft.,

Tyson, 2630! Natal; Krantz Kloof and near Durban, Wood, 1162! hill near

Murchison, Wood, 3040!

Lagarinthus truncatus, Meisn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii, 1848, 544 (by

error 444), and Krauss in Flora, 1844, 826, not of E. Meyer, collected by Krauss

near Zitzikama in Humansdorp Div., is thus described :—‘‘ Perhaps a new species,

differing from Drége’s plant, which we have not seen, in having the leaves

glabrous and the terminal umbella solitary, with an involucre of 4-5 linear

leaflets of equal length as the pedicels, 4-5 lines; but our specimens are

insufficient.” I have not seen Krauss’ plant,

VOL. IV.— SECT. I.—PART V. 2x

674 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Asclepias.

6. A. patens (N. E. Br.); stem solitary, erect, 1-13 ft. high,

slender, puberulous on the upper part, glabrous below ; leaves in

5-9 pairs, subsessile, widely spreading or slightly drooping, or the

upper erect from a broadly curved base, 3-42 in. long, 1-4 lin.

broad, linear, attenuate-acute, truncate or subhastate at the base,

minutely scabrous above and on the midrib of the paler underside ;

umbels 3—5, lateral at the nodes and terminal, lower racemosely,

upper corymbosely arranged, 4-6-flowered ; peduncles usually 3-5

lin. long, adpressed-puberulous ; pedicels }—} in. long, slender,

adpressed-puberulous ; sepals about 1} lin. long, lanceolate, acute,

puberulous ; corolla-lobes reflexed, 24-2} lin. long, 13-2 lin. broad,

elliptic or elliptic-ovate, subacute, glabrous on both sides, white on

the inner face, dark purple-brown at the apical part on the back ;

corona-lobes arising 4—} lin. up the staminal column, compressed-

cucullate, 1-1} lin. long and 1} lin. broad across the side at the top

(including the teeth), somewhat quadrate in side view, with an out-

wardly descending truncate base, subtruncate at the top, with the

dorsal apex slightly produced but not ascending to so high a level

as the inner apical angles, which are produced over the style-apex

into long falcate acute teeth, below which on each margin is @

narrow wing ending in a minute erect tooth, the back and base

apparently narrowly wing- or keel-margined on each side, no tooth

or process within, white, or perhaps tinged with pink ; staminal

column about 1} lin. long ; anther-appendages small, about 4 lin.

long and broad, suborbicular, inflexed upon the margin of the

slightly depressed-truncate style-apex.

_ EastERN REGION : Transkei ; around Kentani, 1000 ft., Miss Pegler, 366!

eae Country, Bowker, 37! Pondoland ; near Port St. John, 500 ft., Galpin,

_ This resembles A. premorsa, but is at once distinguished by the non-petaloid

inflexed anther-appendages.

7. A. peltigera (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 8);

stem solitary, simple, 1-3 ft. high, puberulous on the upper part,

glabrous below, with internodes 1-3 in. long; leaves subsessile,

mostly 34-4} in. long, 3-1} (rarely 2-3) lin. broad, linear, acute or

obtuse at the apex, subtruncate or auriculate at the base, widely

spreading or with the upper part curved upwards, * sometimes

deflexed, usually scabrous above and on the midrib beneath, rarely

glabrous ; umbels 2-5, lateral at the nodes and terminal, racemose,

rarely solitary and terminal, 3-4-flowered ; peduncles }—1 in. long.

puberulous ; bracts none ; pedicels }—} in. long, puberulous ; s€

14-1} lin. long, 3-} lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute, pubescent ;

corolla-lobes 4-4} lin. long, 24-3 lin. broad, narrowly elliptic or

elliptic-oblong, notched at the obtuse apex, very spreading oF

perhaps reflexed, pubescent on the back, glabrous on the inner face,

apparently sometimes white, sometimes purple with white margins,

purple on the back ; corona-lobes arising at the base of the stam

Asclepias. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 675

column shorter than and adnate to it, 2-2} lin. high, oblong

in side view, dorsally divided to the base, from which arises

an erect lobe shaped like a fish-tail and reaching to about

half way up, apparently white or yellowish, with the apex

of the fish-tail-lobe purplish or orange-red tinted ; staminal column

23-3 lin. long ; anther-appendages half-orbicular, obtuse, inflexed

over the margin of the slightly depressed-truncate style-apex ;

young follicles fusiform, minutely tomentose. Schlechter in Journ.

Bot. 1896, 453, and Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xv. 68. Laga-

rinthus peltigerus, E. Meyer, Comm. 205. Gomphocarpus peltigerus,

Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 901 ; Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 561. G. truncatus,

Harv. Thes. Cap. i. 42, t. 67 ; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl.

45, 10, not of Dietr.

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div. ; Vanstadens Berg, Drége (ex E. Meyer). Fort

Beaufort Div.; near Fort Beaufort, Cooper, 2719 partly! Komgha Div. ; near

iy Flanagan, 393! Krook, 787, 833 (ex Schlechter); British Kaffraria,

‘cooper, 470!

EasTERN ReGIon : Transkei; between Kei River and Bashee River, 1000-2000 ft.,

Drége! near Butterworth, Mrs. Barber! Bowker, 7 ! Kentani district, Miss Pegler,

365! Tembuland ; Bazeia Mountain, 2500 ft., Bawr, 385! near Engcobo, Bolus,

10200! Natal; between Umkomanzi River and Umlazi River, Drége (ex

E. Meyer), Inanda, Wood, 362! and without precise locality, Gueinzius! Gerrard,

1984! Sanderson, 371!

Lagarinthus peltigerus, Meisn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1843, 543 (by

error 443), and Krauss in Flora, 1844, 826, collected by Krauss (105) around

Durban Bay, is probably another species, as according to Meisner “ Drége’s

plant” (i.e. the type of L. peltigerus) ‘‘has the flowers somewhat larger and the

leaves shorter.”

8. A. bicuspis (N. E. Br.) ; stem }~1 ft. high, simple, somewhat

harshly pubescent, more or less bifariously above ; leaves apparently

not more than 4—6 pairs to a stem, spreading, 1}—3 in. long, 1-2 lin.

broad, linear, with revolute margins, subacute, subscabrous-pubescent

above and with longer hairs on the midrib beneath; umbels 2-5,

lateral and terminal, pedunculate, racemose or the upper sub-

corymbose, 5—8-flowered ; peduncles }~1} in. long, pubescent on

one side; pedicels 31-5 lin. long, pubescent or puberulous on one

side; sepals 14-11 lin. long, } lin. broad, lanceolate, acute,

pubescent ; corolla-lobes spreading about 2} lin. long, 1} lin. broad,

ovate, acute, perhaps with recurved margins, pubescent on the back,

densely white-bearded or subwoolly along the borders and glabrous

or most minutely puberulous on the disk of the inner face, not

ciliate ; corona-lobes arising about 4 lin. up the staminal column,

suberect, complicate, } lin. long and nearly as much across the side,

subquadrate in side view, obliquely truncate at the top, with the

inner apical angles produced into subulate teeth 1 lin. long, ascend-

ing high over the centre of the 1 lin.-long staminal column ; no

tooth within the cavity ; anther-appendages exceedingly short, nearly

4 times as broad as long, transversely oblong-linear, erect, not at

all inflexed over the margin of the truncate ge a :

676 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). | Asclepias.

Eastern Recion: Natal: Dargle Farm, Fannin, 50!

This species in coronal structure has a distinct alliance with A. cultriformis,

Harv.

9. A. stellifera (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 9);

plant 3-10 in. high, branching at the base; stems or branches

usually 2-6, rarely solitary, erect or spreading, often flexuose,

rather minutely scabrous-puberulous all round ; leaves subsessile or

very shortly petiolate, 1_4 in. long, 3-1 lin. broad, linear, acute,

with revolute margins, scaberulous ; umbels 1-4 lateral at the

nodes below the uppermost pair or pairs of leaves, racemose or sub-

corymbose, 4—7 flowered ; peduncles }-2 in. long, puberulous ;

bracts none or filiform, 1-1} lin. long; pedicels 3-8 lin. long,

puberulous ; sepals reflexed, about 2 lin. long, }—} lin. broad, ovate-

lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent ; corolla-lobes reflexed, 23-3 lin.

long, 14-1} lin. broad, ovate, minutely notched at the acute apex,

pubescent on the back, glabrous on the inner face, apparently light

purple ; corona-lobes arising at the base of the staminal column,

stellately wide-spreading, 23-3} lin. long, narrowly complicate-

cucullate, acute, with the inflexed margins tapering into the point

from the rectangularly truncate or slightly toothed base where

pressed against the top of the staminal column, slightly concave or

nearly straight along the top, minutely velvety-papillate within, but

without a tooth or other process ; staminal column. | lin. long ;

anther-appendages transverse or orbicular, with their tips resting

upon or inflexed over the margin of the crater-like style-apex ;

follicles 21. in. or more long, 3-4 lin. thick, fusiform, acuminate or

beaked, smooth, minutely puberulous. Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1896, 453; Rand in Journ. Bot. 1903, 200. A. simplex, Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1896, 455. Gomphocarpus simple, Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 21, and xx. Beibl. 51, 28, in note. Lagarin-

thus revolutus, E. Meyer, Comm. 205. Gomphocarpus revolutus, Dietr.

Syn. Pl. ii, 901 ; Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 561 ; Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 9 ; xx. Beibl. 51, 36.

Coast Recron, 3500-4000 ft.: Queenstown Div. ; hills near Shiloh, Drege,

3425! Finchams Nek, near Queenstown, Galpin, 1601 ! Tambukiland, Zeyher !

Kaanart Recon, 4500-6000 ft. : Griqualand West; Vaal River Flats,

Bowker (Mrs. Barber), 706! Orange River Colony; Bethlehem, Richardson '

Basutoland, Cooper, 2721! 2735! Transvaal ; near Johannesburg, Rand, 704!

705! 857! Gilfillan, 73 (in Herb. Galpin, 6047)! Saddleback Mountain, peer

Barberton, 4000 ft., Galpin, 552! Zuikerbosch Rand, Schlechter, 3491! Heidel-

berg, Burtt Davy, 3094! Springbok Flats, Burtt Davy, 2129! Bezuidenhout

Valley, Ommaney, 143! Modderfontein, Conrath, 995! :

Eavrern Rearox, 3500-4500 ft.: Transkei; Tsomo, Mrs. Barber, 784"

Griqualand East ; Mount Malowe, Tyson, 3116! Natal ; Klip Kiver, Sutherland !

Dargle Farm, Fannin, 17!

The corona-lobes of Gomphocarpus simplex are described as ‘‘lanceolate-

rhomboid, somewhat obtuse, verrucose on the thickened back, with erect margins

produced into a short suberect tooth.” I have examined a portion of the type

ey find them narrowly complicate-cucullate as described above, and the plant 1»

every way identical with 4. stellifera.

Asclepias. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 677

10. A. brevipes (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 455) ; plant

usually 3-6 or occasionally up to 10 in. high, branching at the base

into 2-8 erect, decumbent or procumbent stems, or rarely with a

solitary stem, often somewhat flexuous or even zigzag, minutely

scaberulous ; leaves 14—4 in. long, }—1 lin. broad, spreading or sub-

erect, usually flexuous on dried specimens, linear, acute, with very

revolute margins, coriaceous, minutely scabrous ; umbels 2—4 to a

branch, lateral at the nodes, and terminal or with a pair of leaves

beyond the uppermost, subcorymbose or racemose, §—j in. in

diam., usually 4-flowered ; peduncles }—1} in. long, puberulous on

one side ; bracts about 14 lin. long, subulate, caducous ; pedicels

31-6 lin. long, puberulous ; sepals 1-1} lin. long, 3 lin, broad,

lanceolate, acute, puberulous with curved hairs ; corolla-lobes about

2 lin. long, 1} lin. broad, spreading, with incurved tips, ovate,

acute, thinly puberulous or pubescent to nearly glabrous on the

back, glabrous on the inner face, apparently greenish, tinted with

purple-brown on the back ; corona-lobes arising close to the base of

the staminal column and much overtopping it, ascending to some-

what spreading, 13—2 lin. long, rounded in at the base, complicate-

cucullate at the basal half, prolonged beyond into a linear or

linear-oblong obtuse or subacute channelled point, the sides of

the cucullate part making a right angle with the prolonged

apex and produced into short ascending obtuse teeth resting

against the backs of the anthers appear as if abruptly pinched

together, leaving the dorsal body of the lobe standing out in a pro-

minent ridge on each side (not visible in much-pressed specimens),

their inner margin narrowly winged on the basal half, very

minutely papillate within, but without a tooth or other process,

apparently whitish with the point and dorsal part brown or dark-

coloured ; staminal column about } lin. long ; anther appendages

transverse, obtusely rounded, inflexed just upon the margin of the

depressed-truncate style-apex; follicles solitary, erect from a

recurved pedicel, 24-4 in. long, } in. thick, terete-fusiform, tapering

into a long beak, smooth, very minutely puberulous ; seeds about

2 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad, ovate, slightly concave on one side,

convex on the other, both sides covered with minute processes or

short ridges, very minutely papillate-puberulous, pale brown.

Gomphocarpus brevipes, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 28.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Burke! near Heidelberg,

4900 ft., Schlechter, 3516! Irene, Burtt Davy, 745! Springbok Flats, Burtt Davy,

2129! near Rustenburg, Miss Pegler, 2008! Pretoria Hills, Miss Leendertz, 295 !

ee 5300 ft., Rogers! and without precise locality, McLea in Herb. Bolus,

09!

In its stouter, less branched habit, this is much like A. stellifera, Schlechter,

whilst the flowers are like those of A. meyeriana, Schlechter. It is probably a

hybrid between these two species.

11. A. velutina (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 455); 3-4 in.

high, erect, branching at the base, shortly and somewhat harshly

678 ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). [ Asclepias.

pubescent (not velvety) on the stems, leaves, peduncles, pedicels and

sepals; leaves erect or ascending, 8-16 lin. long, 3 lin. broad,

linear, acute, with revolute margins ; umbels lateral and terminal,

3-6-flowered ; peduncle } in. long ; bracts subulate, 1 lin. long;

pedicels 4—5 lin. long ; sepals 14 lin. long, } lin. broad, lanceolate,

acute; corolla-lobes 2} lin. long, 13 lin. broad, in dried flowers

suberect or campanulately spreading, with inflexed tips, perhaps

spreading when alive, ovate, subacute, pubescent on the back,

glabrous on the inner face, apparently purplish ; corona-lobes

arising at the base of the staminal column and in dried flowers

overtopping it by about half their length, perhaps radiately

spreading when alive, 2 lin. long, suberect, complicate-cucullate at

the basal half, thence tapering to the obtuse point, the inflexed sides

not or scarcely produced into teeth at the top angles, which are

slightly below the level of the 1} lin.-long staminal column ; anther-

appendages subreniform, obtuse, inflexed over the margin of the

depressed-truncate style-apex. Gomphocarpus velutinus, Schlechter in

Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Betbl. 45, 22.

Kananart Recron: Transvaal ; Saddleback Mountain, near Barberton, 3500-

4000 ft., Galpin, 450!

The above description is made from a portion of the type specimen presented

to Kew by Mr. E. E. Galpin, but its dimensions do not accord with those given

by Dr. Schlechter, who describes the peduncles as being 12-17 lin. long, the

sepals as 22 lin. long, and the corolla-lobes 3 lin. long and 2 lin. broad. The

flowers appear to become somewhat pulpy in boiling water. The pubescence on

mes iv seen is by no means velvet-like, but short, spreading and inclined to

arshness.

12. A. meyeriana (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 8);

plant 3-6 in. high, branched at the base into very numerous

crowded erect scabrous-puberulous leafy stems ; leaves 1-2 in. long,

1-2 lin. broad, linear, acute, with revolute margins, scabrous ;

umbels 1-3 to a branch, all lateral below the uppermost leafy node,

3-4-flowered; peduncles 4-1} in. long, puberulous or scaberulous ;

pedicels 2-5 lin. long, puberulous or scaberulous ; sepals reflexed,

1-11 lin. long, 3-3 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, pubescent ; corolla-

lobes reflexed or reflexed-spreading, 14-2 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad,

elliptic-ovate, subacute, glabrous on both sides ; corona-lobes arising

near the base of the staminal column and in dried flowers over-

topping it by } their length, but probably stellately radiating when

alive, 14-13 lin. long, narrowly complicate-cucullate at the basal

part which is truncate at the top, making a right-angle with the

prolonged linear concave obtuse or acute apex, apparently purple

with whitish or yellowish sides; staminal column | lin. long ;

anther-appendages elliptic-ovate, with their obtuse tips inflexed over

the margin of the small crater-like style-apex ; follicles solitary,

erect from a recurved pedicel, 13-2} in. long, 4-1 in. thick, fusiform,

tapering into a beak, smooth, minutely puberulous ; ripe seeds not

seen. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 453. Lagarinthus revolutus,

Asclepias. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 679

var. minor, E. Meyer, Comm. 205. Gomphocarpus meyerianus,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 33.

Coast RrGion : Queenstown Div., 3000-4000 ft. ; near Shiloh, Drége, 3486 !

near Queenstown, Cooper, 268! Mrs. Barber, 90! Galpin, 1584! Eastern Frontier,

Mrs. Barber !

CENTRAL Recion: Steynsburg Div.; Zuurberg Range, Burke, 418! Albert

Div. ; between the Zuurberg Range and Stormberg Spruit, Zeyher, 1156! Aliwal

North Div. ; by the Orange River, Burke !

Kacanari Recron : Griqualand West ; Warrenton, Miss Adams, 106! Transvaal ;

Potchefstroom, Burtt Davy, 1818! 2168 !

Eastern REGIon: Natal; plains by the Tugela River, near Colenso, 3000-

4500 ft., Wood, 4108! Schlechter, 3378! Krook, 788 (ex Schlechter), near

Ladysmith, Schlechter! near Dundee, Wood, 6544 !

13. A. multicaulis (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 8) ;

plant 4—6 in. high, branching at the base ; stems often numerous,

decumbent-spreading, bifariously pubescent, or sometimes thinly and

rather harshly pubescent all round; leaves secund-spreading ;

petiole 13 lin. long ; blade 24-10 lin. long, 1}—3} lin. broad at the

truncate, subsagittate or subhastate base, thence tapering to a very

acute apex, glabrous above, slightly scabrous on the margins and

subhispid on the midrib beneath ; umbels solitary, rarely 2 to a

stem, terminal, pedunculate, 6—9-flowered ; peduncle 4-1} in. long,

pubescent, chiefly on one side; bracts 1-2 lin. long, subulate,

pubescent ; pedicels unequal, 2-6 lin. long, so that the umbel is flat-

topped, pubescent or puberulous; sepals 1-1} lin. long, }—} lin.

broad, ovate-lanceolate, very acute, pubescent ; corolla-lobes reflexed,

2 lin. long, 1}—1} lin. broad, ovate, subacute, glabrous on both sides,

but the inner face with a very minutely papillose surface, sometimes

minutely ciliate on one margin ; corona-lobes arising at the base of

the staminal column and shortly overtopping it, 1-1} lin. long, erect,

cucullate, but dorsally flattened, so that the inflexed sides are

pressed against the inner face of the lobe and end in deltoid acute

contiguous teeth, which incurve upon the back of the anther

appendages, but do not exceed them, and are much shorter than the

_ovate obtuse apical part of the lobe ; staminal column }~1 lin. long ;

anther-appendages subreniform or transversely elliptic, very obtuse,

erect, not inflexed over the pentagonal style-apex ; follicles solitary,

fusiform, tapering into a beak, smooth and glabrous, only an

immature example seen. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 453.

Lagarinthus multicaulis, E. Meyer, Comm. 205. Gomphocarpus

multicaulis, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 901; Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 559 ;

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 8 ; xx. Beibl. 51, 34.

Bree Reaion : Queenstown Div. ; by the Klipplaat River, near Shiloh, Drege,

* So Region: Aliwal North Div.; on the Witteberg Range, Drege (ex

. eyer ).

shencin Reaton ; Basutoland, or Orange River Colony, Cooper, 935! Orange

River Colony ; Bethlehem, Richardson ! Harrismith, Sankey, 188! Transvaal ;

Witkleifontein, Burtt Davy, 3128 ! :

Eastern REGION: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker, 213! Natal ; Greenwich

Farm, Riet Vlei, Fry in Herb. Galpin, 2740!

680 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Asclepias.

14. A. disparilis (N. E. Br.); plant 4-8 in. high, branching at

the base; branches decumbent, somewhat harshly and thinly

pubescent, chiefly along one side ; leaves (including the 1-1} lin.-

long petiole) }-1} in. long, 14-4} lin. broad, linear-attenuate,

linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, acute, truncate or slightly hastate at

the base, glabrous on both sides or with a few short stiff hairs on

the midrib beneath ; umbel solitary on each branch, terminal, erect,

4-8-flowered ; peduncle 1-3 in. long ; bracts 1}—3 lin. long, subulate

or filiform ; pedicels }—2 in. long, puberulous or subscabrous down

one side ; sepals 2 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, with a

few spreading hairs on the back ; corolla-lobes very spreading, 4 lin.

long, 2 lin. broad, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, glabrous on

the back, with a very minute papillate-puberulous or velvet-like

surface on the inner face, apparently pale purplish ; corona-lobes

arising close to the base of the staminal column and not overtopping

it, 2-21 lin. long, nearly 1 lin. broad across the side, erect, complicate-

cucullate, with infolded margins, narrowed into the column at the

base, obliquely and sinuously subtruncate at the top, the dorsal

subobtuse apex being very slightly produced, with a transverse

shelf-like flap within the cavity above the middle ; staminal column

2 lin. long.

Eastern Recion: Griqualand East ; meadows around Clydesdale, 2500 ft.,

Tyson, 2004! and in MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 1319!

Like A. navicularis, Schlechter, in floral structure, but the foliage and appear-

ance of the plant is entirely different.

15. A. flexuosa (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 453) ; plant #1

(rarely up to 2) ft. high, branching at the base; stems probably

decumbent at the base, ascending or erect, more or less flattened,

unifariously or bifariously puberulous ; leaves very spreading or

deflexed, very shortly petiolate, }—2} in. long, 3-2 lin. broad, linear,

acute, slightly hastate or cordate at the base, somewhat scabrous-

pubescent on the midrib beneath, otherwise glabrous, coriaceous }

umbels solitary, very rarely 2, terminal, 7-1} in. in diam., 6-14-

flowered ; peduncle 4-11 (rarely up to 3) in. long; bracts 1-3 lin.

long, subulate ; pedicels 3-7 lin. long, puberulous on one side ;

sepals 3-2 lin. long, 3-2 lin. broad, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate,

acute, thinly pubescent ; corolla-lobes reflexed or reflexed-spreading,

13-21 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad, oblong-ovate to elliptic-ovate,

subobtuse, glabrous on the back, minutely papillate-puberulous oD

the inner face ; corona-lobes arising at the base of and nearly twice

as long as the staminal column, erect or ascending, 14-2 lin. long ;

basal half cucullate, dorsally rounded into the column with A-shaped

keels on the back, inflexed sides produced at the apex into short

acute teeth resting on the anther-appendages, with a narrow wing

descending obliquely from them nearly to the base, no tooth

or process within; apical half lanceolate-oblong or elongate-

deltoid-oblong, obtuse, concave, apparently marked with a dark

Asclepias. | ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). 681

mid-line ; staminal column {}-1! lin, long; anther-appendages

transversely oblong, emarginate or slightly bilobed, erect, not

exceeding the margin of the truncate style-apex ; follicles solitary,

erect from a recurved pedicel, 23-31 in. long, } in. thick, terete-

fusiform, tapering into a beak, smooth, glabrous; seeds about 2}

lin. long, 1} lin. broad, ovate, rather broadly margined, with minute

tubercles and short linear ridges on both sides, brown. Lagarinthus

Jflexuosus, E. Meyer, Comm. 207 ; Meisn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot.

ii. 1843, 544 (by error 444); Krauss in Flora, 1844, 826. Gompho-

carpus flexuosus, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 901; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii.

559. G. fragrans, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 30.

EASTERN REGION: Natal; between Umzimkulu River and Umkomaas liver,

Drege, 4965! near Durban, Gerrard, 514! Sanderson, 258! Peddie! near Umlaas

River, Krauss, 348! Inanda, Wood, 280! near Howick, Wood, 5378! Clairmont,

Wood, 8269! between Pietermaritzburg and Greytown, Wilms, 2189! hills near

Pinetown, Schlechter, 3168, and without precise locality (in fruit only), Gerrard,

1292! Zululand; Ungoya, Wylie in Herb. Wood, 5680! and without precise

locality, Mrs. McKenzie !

By different collectors the flowers are stated to be ‘‘ pale purple and white or

brown and white,” ‘‘lilac and white or pinkish-white,” ‘‘lilac-grey or brownish-

grey,” all mentioning 2 colours as if they were variable, and they are said to be

fragrant. I have not seen the type of Gomphocarpus fragrans, but the specimens

so named by Dr. Schlechter which I have examined, do not differ in any way

from Asclepias flexuosa.

16. A. brevicuspis (Schlechter in Eng]. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 5) ;

plant 43-12 in. high, branching at the base ; stems often decumbent

at the base, unifariously pubescent ; leaves 1{—3 in. long, }—2} lin.

broad, linear, acute, narrowed or rounded (rarely hastate) at the

base into a short petiole, glabrous on both sides or scabrous on the

midrib beneath, rarely scabrous on the margins ; umbels solitary

and terminal or very rarely 2-3 to a branch and racemose, pelt

(usually 6-7-) flowered; peduncles }—2} in. long, unifariously

pubescent ; pedicels 5~7 lin. long, unifariously puberulous ; sepals

13-21 lin. long, 3-2 lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous or

pubescent and with or without short cilia; corolla-lobes very

spreading, 3-4 lin. long, 1}-1% lin. broad, oblong-lanceolate, acute,

glabrous on the back, with a minutely papillate inner surface,

sometimes minutely ciliate on one margin, lilac (Wood) ; corona-lobes

arising at the base and reaching to the top of the staminal column,

1}-2 lin. long, linear-oblong viewed sideways and 3-3 lin. broad

across the top, nearly straight, slightly curved or slightly gibbous

above the middle on the back, tapering into the column at the base,

somewhat sinuate-truncate or with a concave notch at the top, with

the inner apical angles rounded and the dorsal apex shortly acute,

not produced into an erect subulate point, with an obliquely trans-

verse or decurrent keel or narrow wing on each side; staminal

column 13-2 lin. long; anther-appendages oblong-ovate or sub-

orbicular, obtuse, erect, with their tips inflexed over the crenate

margin of the 3-1 lin.-broad style-apex ; pollen-carriers seated below

682 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Asclepias.

the margin of the style-apex. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 452.

Lagarinthus brevicuspis, E. Meyer, Comm. 204. Gomphocarpus brevi-

cuspis, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 900 ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 559.

Coast Recion: Albany Div. ; plains of Albany, Bowie! King Williamstown

Div. ; Keiskamma, Mrs. Hutton! near King Williamstown, 1200 ft., Sim, 1294!

Katanart REGIon : Basutoland, Cooper, 2721 bis! 2724! Transvaal : near Piet

Retief, Lady Barkly ! :

Eastern Reaion : Pondoland, Bachmann, 1098! Natal; between Umzimkulu

River and Umkomaas River, Drége, 4966! coast-land, Wood, 960! near Durban,

Peddie! Plant, 54! Wood, 78! hills near Malvern, Wood, 4937 ! Umlazi River,

Sutherland! Zululand, Mrs. McKenzie! and without precise locality, Gerrard,

822! Sanderson, 149! Peddie! Mrs. K. Saunders !

17. A. dissona (N. E. Br.) ; plant 8-9 in. high, branching at the

base ; stems unifariously puberulous ; leaves very shortly petiolate,

spreading or ascending, 1-2} in. long, 1-1} lin. broad, linear, acute,

subtruncate, very broadly and shortly cuneate or subhastate at the

base, glabrous on both sides ; umbel solitary and terminal on each

the apical third produced beyond into an erect narrowly deltoid

channelled point, rising to about the level of the top of the 2 lin.-

long staminal column, very broadly and abruptly rounded into the

column at the base, without a tooth or other process within the

cavity.

Katanart Recon: Transvaal; in damp meadows near the Crocodile River,

4800 ft., Schlechter, 3903 !

Very similar to A. navicularis, Schlechter, and A. brevicuspis, Schlechter, in

caveeigy appearance, but differs in its corona-lobes and more truncate-

eaves. :

18. A. navicularis (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 8) 5

plant 6-10 in. high, branched at the base; branches ascending,

more or less curved or decumbent at the base, unifariously pubes-

cent ; leaves ascending or somewhat spreading, 1}-2} 1. long,

1-11 lin. broad, linear, acute, narrowed or rounded into a short

petiole at the base, glabrous or sometimes shortly and sparsely

subhispid on the midrib beneath ; umbel terminal, solitary, 4-6-

flowered ; peduncle 2—10 lin. long, unifariously puberulous ; beat

about 2 lin. long, subulate ; pedicels 3-8 lin, long, unifariously

puberulous ; sepals 2-21 lin. long, linear-lanceolate, very acute,

subhispid on the back, ciliate at the base ; corolla-lobes spreading

Asclepias. | ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). 683

or ascending, 4—5 lin. long, 14-2} lin. broad, oblong-lanceolate or

broadly ovate-lanceolate, subacute, reflexed along the margins,

glabrous on the back, minutely papillate-puberulous on the inner

face ; corona-lobes arising at the base of and equalling the staminal

column, 14—2 lin. long, erect, distant, alternating with a short flat

broadly rounded lobule at their base, cucullate, oblong in outline,

tapering into the column at the base, scarcely broader at the

oblique apex than elsewhere, 3—1 lin. broad, viewed sideways, with

the top margins slightly ascending to the dorsal apex, not pro-

duced into teeth at inner apical angles, which are much infolded

forming a somewhat boat-shaped concavity on the inner face

and when dorsally flattened in drying boat-shaped in out-

line, without oblique keels or wings on the sides, but with a

transverse shelf-like flap or fold within a little below the apex ;

staminal column about 1% lin. long; anther appendages rather

large, elliptic-ovate or transverse, with their obtuse tips inflexed over

the margin of the style-apex, which is variable in size and con-

cavity ; anther-wings rather long and broadly rounded. Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1896, 453. Lagarinthus navicularis, E. Meyer, Comm.

204 ; Meisn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1843, 543 (by error 443) ;

Krauss in Flora, 1844, 826. Gomphocarpus navicularis, Dietr. Syn.

Pl. ii. 901 ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 559 ; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb.

xx. Beibl. 51, 34.

Var. 8, compressidens (N. E. Br.); corona-lobes shorter than the staminal

column, with a broad laterally compressed obtusely rounded tooth within, instead

of the transverse flap ; otherwise as in the type.

Coast Recion: Swellendam Div.; near Swellendam, Krauss (ex Meisner).

King Williamstown Div. ; between Chalumna River and Buffalo River, 1500 ft.,

Drége! Keiskamma, Mrs. Hutton! East London Div. ; grassy slopes near East

London, 100 ft., Wood in Herb. Galpin, 1995! 3378! Var. 8: Cathcart Div. ;

between Windvogel Mountain and the Zwartkei River, Drége !

CrnTRAL Recion: Var. 8: Cradock Div., Cooper, 1284.

This much resembles A. brevicuspis, Schlechter, but it is at once distinguished

by the corona-lobes.

19. A. gibba (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 7) ; plant

3-1 ft. high, branching at the base ; branches ascending or spreading,

compressed, bifariously pubescent or subhispid ; leaves shortly

petiolate, 34 in. long, 3-2} (rarely 4-6) lin. broad, linear, acute at

the apex, hastate, truncate or cuneate at the base, flat or with

revolute smooth (rarely scabrous) margins, glabrous on both sides

or with a few hairs on the midrib beneath ; umbels solitary, terminal

on the main branches, pedunculate, usually 3-6- (rarely 8-10-)

flowered ; peduncles }~3 in. long, pubescent ; bracts 13-4 lin. long,

subulate ; pedicels 4-10 lin. long, puberulous and often with some

longer spreading hairs on one side ; sepals 2-3 lin. long, $-} lin.

broad, lanceolate or lanceolate-attenuate, acute, ciliate, more or less

hairy ; corolla-lobes very spreading or somewhat reflexed, 3-4} lin.

long, 12-2 lin. broad, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, glabrous

684 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Asclepias.

on the back, with the inner face most minutely papillate, probably

having a velvety sheen, brownish-green (Wood) ; corona-lobes arising

at the base of the staminal column, erect, 2-3 lin. long, complicate,

much compressed, with a semicircular bump on the back near the

middle, having a fold or keel extending obliquely downwards from

its base to the base of the inner margin, truncate at the top of

the infolded sides, which scarcely exceed the 13-2} lin.long staminal

column, dorsal apex produced into an erect straight subulate point

4-1 lin. long; anther-appendages ovate, subacute or obtuse, erect,

the tips inflexed: over the margin of the excavated style-apex ;

follicles about 3 in. long and } in. thick, fusiform, tapering into a

beak, smooth, very narrowly 6-winged on the beaked part, glabrous ;

seeds 2 lin. long, deeply concave on one side, very convex on the

other, both sides sprinkled with minute tubercles or short linear

ridges, dark brown with a paler wrinkled margin and darker

tubercles. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 452, and Ann. Naturhist.

Hofmus. Wien, xv. 67. A. oxytropis, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896,

454. Lagarinthus gibbus, E. Meyer, Comm. 204. Gomphocarpus

gibbus, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 900; Decne in DO. Prodr. vii. 559 ;

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 8, and xx. Beibl. 51, 31.

G. oxytropis, Turez. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose. 1848, i. 259.

Var. 8, media (N. E. Br.) ; corona-lobes 3-4 lin. long, with the complicate part

distinctly (but shortly) overtopping the staminal column, curved but scarcely

gibbous on the back and without an oblique fold or keel upon the sides ; otherwise

as in the type.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Herb. Thunberg!

Coast Recion : Albany Div. ; near Grahamstown, Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-

Afr., 1318 | Bedford Div. ; near Bedford, Miss Nicol, 101! Stockenstrom Div. ;

Kat Berg, Hutton ! Galpin, 1732! Miss Sole, 372! Queenstown Div. ; near Shiloh,

Ecklon, 28. Komgha Div. ; hills near Komgha, Flanagan, 397 ! British Kaffraria,

Cooper, 471!

CrentRAL REcion: Somerset Div. ; on the Bosch Berg, 3000-4800 ft., Mae

Owan, 1992! Aliwal North Div. ; Witte Bergen, Drege, 4973! Molteno Div. ;

Broughton, near Molteno, Flanagan, 1615 !

KaLaHart Reaion: Orange River Colony; Leeuw Spruit and Vredefort,

Barrett Hamilton | Basutoland, Cooper, 2725! Transvaal; near Pretoria, MeLea

in Herb. Bolus, 5707! near Ermelo, Burtt Davy, 956! 957 b! near Standerton,

Burtt Davy, 895! 3084! Modderfontein, Conrath, 992! Var. B: Orange River

Colony ; Caledon River, Burke! Besters Vlei near Witzies Hoek, Bolus, 8113!

Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Burke! Zeyher, 1158! Yster Spruit, Nelson, 323!

near Pretoria, Rehmann, 4155! Burtt Davy, 673! 795! 2131! Miss Leendertz,

328! near Nylstrom, Burtt Davy, 2045! Linokana and Matebe Valley, Holub !

Rustenburg, Miss Pegler !

Eastern Recion, at 2000-4500 ft.: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker

(Mrs. Barber), 92! Tembuland; Bazeia, Baur, 305! Pondoland ; between

Umtata River and St. John’s River, Drége, 4967! Griqualand East ; _,

Clydesdale, Tyson, 1656! Natal; various localities, Wood, 4064 ! Sanderson, 164!

Mrs, Clark! Fannin, 46! Wilms, 2140! Sutherland | Krook, 834 (ex Schlechter).

Swaziland ; between Carolina and Mbabane, 5300 ft., Bolus, 12151! Var. R:

Zululand, Gerrard, 1291 bis! Swaziland: Bremersdorp, Burtt Davy, 3009! $277!

The variety Bis probably a hybrid between A. gi Schlechter, and A. eminens,

ella Fates 2 des ae

Asclepias. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 685

20. A. eminens (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 453); plant

5-10 in. high, branching close to the ground; branches usually

more or less decumbent, bifariously pubescent, with internodes

1-1 in. long ; leaves ascending, usually unilateral ; petiole 1-3 lin.

long ; blade 1-4} in. long, 1-2} lin. broad above the basal auricles,

linear, acute, shortly hastate, truncate or rounded at the base,

subcoriaceous, thickened along the flat or slightly recurved margins,

glabrous on both sides or thinly setulose-scabrous on the midrib

beneath ; umbels solitary on each branch, terminal, pedunculate,

3—6-flowered ; peduncle }—23 in. long, pubescent on one side ; bracts

3-5 lin. long, 1—} lin. broad, linear, acute, glabrous or sparsely

setulose-scabrous, deciduous ; pedicels 1% in. long, pubescent on one

side ; sepals 23-4 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad, lanceolate or linear-

lanceolate, acute, glabrous or with a few hairs ; corolla-lobes very

spreading or reflexed, 4}—7 lin. long, 13-3 lin. broad, lanceolate,

acute or subobtusely pointed, glabrous on the back, minutely

papillate on the inner face; corona-lobes arising 3-1} lin. up and

decurrent to the base of the staminal column, and overtopping it by

nearly or quite } of their length, 3-5 lin. long, 3—} lin. broad and

of nearly equal breadth throughout across the side, compressed-

complicate, with a small triangular cup-like mouth, erect, recurved-

spreading from a little below the apex, -and, viewed sideways,

dorsally produced into a short deltoid point } lin. long ; staminal

column 23~31 lin. long ; anther-appendages elliptic or suborbicular,

obtuse, inflexed over the style-apex; anther-wings } lin. broad,

obtusely rounded at the lower half; follicles 33-4} in. long, about

4 in. thick, fusiform, tapering into a long acute beak, smooth,

glabrous. Schlechter in Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xv. 67;

N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 351; Rand in Journ. Bot.

1903, 337. Gomphocarpus eminens, Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 60, t.

195 ; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb, xviii. Beibl. 45, 18, and xx. Beibl.

51, 29.

KaLaHari Recion: Orange River Colony ; Sevenfuntein, Burke! Transvaal ;

near Lydenburg, Wilms, 944! near Pretoria, Burtt Davy, 760! 826! 3060!

Miss Leendertz! near Ermelo, Burtt Davy, 957! Modderfontein, Conrath,

993! plains around Barberton, 2800 ft., Galpin, 699! near Johannesburg, Rand,

1008 ! Pilgrims Rest, Greenstock !

Eastern ReEGIon: Natal ; near Estcourt, 4000 ft., Wood, 3477 ! near Colenso,

Krook, 823 (ex Schlechter). Zululand ; on dry plains, Gerrard, 1291! Swaziland ;

Mbabane, Miller !

Also in Tropical Africa.

21. A. aurea (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 455); stem 9-15

in. high, simple or occasionally branched at the base, rather slender,

sometimes zigzag, puberulous along 2 lines ; internodes 3-2 in. long ;

leaves ascending-spreading, 1}-3} in. long, } lin. broad, linear-

filiform, glabrous ; umbels 3-6, long-pedunculate, racemose or the

upper subcorymbose, 3-7-flowered ; peduncles 13-5} in. long,

slender, with a puberulous line on one side ; bracts 3-1} lin. long,

686 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Asclepias.

subulate ; pedicels 3-7 lin. long, slightly pubescent; sepals 1-1}

lin. long, }—2 lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent ; corolla-

lobes spreading, 14-2 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad, ovate, notched at

the obtusely pointed apex, thinly pubescent and often more or less

deeply stained with dull purple-brown on the back, glabrous and

greenish-yellow or whitish on the inner face, very minutely ciliate

on one margin; corona-lobes arising close to the base of the

staminal column and twice as long as it, bright orange-yellow,

compressed-cucullate, subtruncate, with the inner apical angles

produced into short erect obtuse teeth and the dorsal apex

into a long linear channelled erectly spreading or recurved point

14-1} lin. long, the cucullate part }-} lin. long; staminal

column 3—1 lin. long ; anther-appendages short, broadly rounded,

inflexed over the margin of the truncate style-apex ; follicles

solitary, or if in pairs sometimes abruptly incurved at the base

so as to cross and then widely diverge, 2}-3 in. long, § in.

thick, terete-fusiform, tapering into a long acute beak, smooth,

glabrous. N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 345; Rand in

Journ. Bot. 1903, 200. Gomphocarpus aureus, Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45,17, and xx. Beibl. 51, 28. Schizoglosswm

pedunculatum, Schlechter in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxxv. 50,

and Journ. Bot. 1896, 419.

Var. 8: vittata (N. E. Br.) ; corona-lobes whitish or pale yellow, with a brown

or dark-coloured dorsal stripe, the point produced 2-1} lin. beyond the cucullate

per ne schizoglossoides, Schlechter in Engl. Jahr, xviii. Beibl. 45, 21,

not elsewhere,

Coast Recion : Cape Div. ; between Claremont and Kenilworth Race Course,

Schlechter, 351!

KanaHart Recion: Transvaal ; grassy plains around Barberton, Galpin, 580!

Waterval Boven, Rogers! Pilgrims Rest, Greenstock ! near Johannesburg, Rand,

703! 1042! Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6046 | Modderfontein, Conrath, 994! near

Rustenberg, Miss Pegler, 954! Zoutpans Berg, at Fuschgewacht, Miss Leendertz,

830! Malelane, Rogers, 701! Matebe Valley, Holub! Mooi River, Burke !

Magalies Berg, Burke! Carolina district, Burtt Davy, 2985! Var. B: Basutoland,

Cooper, 932! Orange River Colony; Bethlehem, Richardson! Transvaal ;

Saddleback Mountain near Barberton, 3000-4000 ft., Galpin, 500 !

Eastern Recion: Natal; plains near Newcastle, Schlechter, 3409! Var. B:

Natal; Biggars Berg, 4000 ft., Wood, 4555! near Newcastle, Wood, 5892!

Swaziland ; between Carolina and Mbabane (Embabaan), 5000 ft., Bolus, 12152!

Embabaan, Miller !

Also in Tropical Africa.

The plant found by Dr. Schlechter between Claremont and Kenilworth was

doubtless introduced among ballast or products brought from the Trans I

have examined a flower from the type of Schizoglossum pedunculatum, Schlechter,

and find that the corona-lobes have been wrongly described, they (and other parts

of the plant) are identical with those of Asclepias awrea. The var. vittala

distinct from var. brevicuspis, S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1902, 255 (from Tropical

Africa), which has the corona-lobes entirely yellow and does not differ from the

type except that the tips of the lobes are shorter than usual, but in this character

they vary considerably. According to Miss Pegler the tuber is eaten by the

natives who call it ‘‘ carrot.”

Asclepias. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 687

22. A. cognata (N. E. Br.); stem of the only specimen seen 1?

ft. high, slender, simple, puberulous bifariously or all round on the

upper part; leaves in 6-7 pairs 21-4 in. apart, erect, sessile, 1-2}

in. long, 3-2 lin. broad, linear, acute, with revolute margins,

puberulous; umbels 4, lateral and terminal, the lowest shortly

pedunculate, about 4-flowered ; bracts 1} lin. long, subulate, puberu-

lous ; pedicels ]—} in. long, adpressed-puberulous ; sepals 2 lin. long,

¥ lin. broad, lanceolate, acute or acuminate, pubescent ; corolla-lobes

apparently ascending-spreading, } in. long, 1} lin. broad, narrowly

elliptic, acute, glabrous and apparently dingy brownish-green or

perhaps purplish-tinted on the inner face, with a line of minute

hairs down the middle of the dull-purplish back; corona-lobes

arising } lin. up the staminal column, 1} lin. long, ascending-

spreading apparently dull-purple or purplish-brown, narrowly wing-

margined at the base, concave-cucullate, resembling a deep spoon-

bowl, obtuse, the broadly-rounded margins inflexed and meeting at

the base of the bowl and there produced into erect linear obtuse

nearly free teeth } lin. long, with a very compressed linear-oblong

obtuse erect process arising from the bottom of the bowl in front

of and attaining to the same level as the teeth; staminal column

1 lin. long; anther appendages roundish-subquadrate, subtruncate,

inflexed on the truncate style-apex ; very young follicles densely

white-tomentose.

Eastern Region: Mount Ayliff Div. ; Insizwa Range, 6500 ft., Schlechter,

6496 !

The specimen from which I describe is in the Herbarium of Dr. Bolus and is

named A. schizoglossoides, by Dr. Schlechter himself, but is not the type of that

Species (which see), and differs from it in being taller, with larger and differently

coloured flowers, and in the corona-lobes not being truncate at the top.

23. A. flava (N. E. Br.); stems mostly solitary, simple, 7-15 in.

high, slender, pubescent ; leaves usually in 3-4 (rarely 5-6) distant

pairs, erect, subsessile, 3-2 in. long, 3-1} lin. broad, linear, acute,

revolute at the margins, mostly puberulous above and on the midrib

beneath, occasionally glabrous ; umbel solitary and terminal or 2-3

sessile umbels crowded together at the apex of the stem, with or

without a lateral sessile umbel 1-2 in. below, 3—-16-flowered ; bracts

1-2 lin. long, filiform ; pedicels 21-6 lin. long, pubescent ; sepals

about 14 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, pubescent ; corolla-

lobes spreading, 14-21 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad, elliptic or elliptic-

oblong, acute, glabrous on both sides, yellow ; corona-lobes arising

+ lin. up the staminal column, }—2 lin. long, spreading, or perhaps

ascending, thin, yellow, elliptic as seen from above, concave-cucul-

late, resembling a spoon-bowl, not compressed, rather broadly

flattened with narrow keel-like margins on the back, very obtuse or

Subemarginate at the apex, with the sides inflexed at the base

meeting and produced into erect linear obtuse teeth } lin. long or

less, with an erect much compressed linear-subclavate process

arising from the bottom of the bowl and equalling the teeth ;

688 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Asclepias.

staminal column 3-1 lin. long; anther-appendages transversely

oblong, subtruncate, inflexed on the somewhat thick and puffy rim

of the depressed-truncate style-apex ; very young follicles densely

tomentose, brown-coloured at the apical part.

Coast Region: Albany Div. ; mountains near Grahamstown, 2000 ft., Glass in

MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr., 1503, excluding ‘‘ additional specimen at

Eastern Recion: Tembuland, 2500-4500 ft. ; Bazeia Mountain, Baur, 556!

Engcobo Mountain, Bolus, 10216! Griqualand East, 4000-6000 ft.; Malowe

Mountain, Z'yson, 2723! and in MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm., 1086! Vaal

Bank, Haygarth in Herb. Wood, 4230! Mount Kwenkwe, Bolus, 10215! Mount

Currie, Zyson, 1686! Natal: Dargle Farm, Fannin, 13! 39! Liddesdale, Wood,

4249! near Lidgetten, Wood, 6255! Shafton, Howick, Mrs. Hutton, 408! and

without precise locality, Gerrard, 1315!

24. A. schizoglossoides (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii, Beibl.

45, 32); stem solitary, simple, 6-12 in. high, slender, puberulous

bifariously or all round ; leaves in 3-5 distant pairs, erect, 1}-3 in.

long, }—14 lin. broad, linear, acute, often narrowed into a petiole at

the base, glabrous, or puberulous above and on the midrib beneath ;

umbel solitary and terminal, or 2—3 sessile umbels crowded together

at the apex of the stem with or without 1-2 distant sessile lateral

umbels below them; bracts subulate, 1-2 lin. long ; pedicels 3-5 lin.

long, pubescent or puberulous; sepals 1} lin. long, 3 lin. broad,

lanceolate, acute, pubescent ; corolla-lobes spreading, 21-3 lin. long,

11-13 lin. broad at the middle, elliptic, subacute, glabrous on both

sides, yellow; corona-lobes arising about } lin. up the staminal

column, erect, apparently deep orange-coloured, compressed-cucullate,

subquadrate viewed sideways, obliquely and narrowly wing-margined

at the base, truncate at the top, obtusely angular but not produced

into distinct teeth at the apex of the sides, which do not incurve or

meet at their edges, within and adnate to the apex of the lobe arises

a much flattened deltoid-oblong very obtuse erect process, usually

shortly exceeding the lobe ; staminal column 1-1} lin. long ; anther-

appendages transverse, subreniform, obtusely rounded, inflexed

on the rather acutely edged rim of the depressed-truncate style-apex.

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 451. Gomphocarpus diploglossus,

Turez. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose. 1848, i. 258.

Coast Rearon :; Albany Div. ; Grahamstown hills, MacOwan, 850! Coldspring,

Glass, 276! Fort Beaufort Div.; peaks of the Winterberg Range, Ecklon, 23,

Mrs, Barber, 84! Stutterheim Div. ; Dohne Mountain, 5000 ft., Sim, 1237 !

Bolus, 10214! Kaffraria ; mountain sides, Mrs. Barber, 35!

EASTERN REGION: Natal; Inanda, Groom in Herb. Wood, 1408! near Van

Renen, Wood, 6576! and MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr., ‘1508, add

specimen” only !

Altbough originally described nearly 60 years ago, this species does not appear

to be very common, and has remained unidentified with Turezaninow’s plant until

now. I am indebted to Dr, Schlechter for flowers from his type of A. schizo-

glossoides, which agrees with all the specimens above quoted ; the locality and

collector were omitted on publication, but Dr. Schlechter informs me that it was

collected by ‘Mrs. Barber, probably in British Kaffraria,” so it probably #

part of her gathering 35.

Asclepias. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 689

25. A. filiformis (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 753 and 754 in

notes under Schizoglossum and Gomphocarpus); stems numerous,

3-6 ft. high, slender, about 4 lin. thick at the flowering part, simple

or rarely branched above, glabrous, covered with a thin white dry

secretion ; leaves 2-4 in. long, 1-3 lin. broad, filiform or linear,

acute, glabrous ; umbels 4-8, pedunculate, racemose, 6—10-flowered ;

peduncles 4—1 in. long; pedicels 4-6 lin. long, at first minutely

white-tomentose, becoming glabrescent ; sepals 1-1} lin. long, ovate

or lanceolate, acute, white-tomentose ; corolla-reflexed, sulphur-

yellow ; lobes 2-21 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, ovate, subacute or

obtusely pointed, puberulous on the back ; corona-lobes arising }—}

lin, up the staminal column and shortly exceeding it, 1} lin. long,

erect, complicate-cucullate, obliquely truncate, with the obtuse apex

and the side apical angles slightly produced, and a compressed

shortly exserted horn arising at or below the middle of the cavity

within ; staminal column 14-1} lin. long; anther-appendages

lanceolate, acute, inflexed on the depressed-truncate style-apex ;

follicles solitary, about 1} in. long and } in. thick, narrowly

lanceolate, acuminate from the middle into a long acute beak,

pulverulent or at length glabrate ; seeds 24-3 lin. long, ovate, plano-

convex, smooth, brown, with a narrow darker brown border.

N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 336; Schinz in Verhandl.

Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxx. 262, under A. buchenaviana, Schinz; K.

Schum. in Engl. and Prantl, PAlanzenfam. iv. ii. 238. A. flagellaris,

Bolus ex Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 32, under A.

schizoglossoides, and xxi. Beibl. 54, 7, and Journ. Bot. 1896, 451.

Lagarinthus filiformis, E. Meyer, Comm. 203. Gomphocarpus filiformis,

_ Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 900 ; Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 558.

Var. 8, buchenaviana (N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 336); stems

stouter, } lin. thick at the flowering part, much branched above ; otherwise as in

the type, or with the horn of the corona-lobes arising above the middle of the

cavity within. A. buchenaviana, Schinz in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxx.

261; Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 148; K. Schwm. in Engl. and Prantl,

Pflanzenfam. iv. ii, 238.

CrntRaL Recion : Calvinia Div. ; between Lospers Plaats and Springbok Kuil

River, Zeyher, 1167! Prince Albert Div. ; plain near Zwartbulletje, Drége, 892!

near the Gamka River, Burke, 247! Boters Kraal, near Prince Albert, Bolus,

12137! Beaufort West Div. ; near Beaufort West, Mrs. Barber! near Riet Viey

in the Gouph, Bolus in MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm. 640!

WESTERN REGION: Var. 8: Great Namaqualand; in the bed of a river,

Schinz, 19!

Also found in Tropical Africa.

This plant may prove to be of some economic value, since Mrs. Barber states as

follows on a note with her specimens :—‘‘ This species ought to be useful as a

fibre-plant, it is exceedingly tough, grows from 4-6 ft. high, and has upwards of

two hundred, almost leafless slender stems on a single plant.”

26. A. decipiens (N. E. Br.) ; a branching shrubby plant, 2-3 ft.

high, with the habit of A. fruticosa, Linn. ; stems white-tomentose

VOL. IV,—SECT. I.—PART V. 2¥

690 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Asclepias.

on the young parts ; leaves ascending, 3-5 in. long, 3—3 lin. broad,

linear, tapering to an acute point, with revolute margins, narrowed

at the base into a petiole 1-3 lin. long, puberulous with curved

hairs above and on the midrib beneath ; umbels numerous, lateral

at the nodes, racemose, 4—6-flowered ; peduncles }—1 in. long, white-

tomentose ; bracts 4} in. long, linear, tapering to an awn-like point,

tomentose, very deciduous ; pedicels }-14 in. long, white-tomentose ;

sepals reflexed, 3 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad at the base, thence

tapering to a very acute point, tomentose ; corolla-lobes reflexed ;

3-4 lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad, elliptic or elliptic-ovate, obtusely

pointed, ciliate on one or both margins, apparently white or pale

yellowish, tinted with purplish on the back ; corona-lobes arising

4—% lin. up the staminal column and reaching its top, 1}-1}

lin. long, subquadrate and 1-1} lin. broad when viewed side-

ways, compressed-complicate, shallowly divided or grooved along

the top and inner side, otherwise solid, without a tooth or process

within, top margin slightly rounded, notched in front of a back-

wardly directed faleate tooth at the inner apical angles, inner

margins narrowly winged, the wing often ending in a small tooth

at the apex; staminal column 2-2} lin. long; anther-appendages

suborbicular or elliptic, their obtuse tips inflexed on the rim of the

truncate style-apex ; follicles ellipsoid or ellipsoid-ovoid at the lower

part, abruptly contracted into a stout subulate beak, white-tomen-

bp and covered all over with tine dark filiform processes 3-4 lin.

ong.

KaLaHart Recion: Transvaal; Hennops Valley, near Irene, Conrath, 997!

Wonderboom Poort, 4600 ft., Miss Leendertz, 607! near Johannesburg, Rand,

858! 1128! Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6045! Pretoria, Schlechter, 3589 !

EasTERN REGIon: Natal ; Mooi River, Gerrard, 1290!

This closely resembles A. Burchellii, Schlechter, but differs from that species by

the presence of the falcate recurved tooth at the top of the corona-lobes and by

the follicles abruptly contracted into a beak, not gradually tapering to the

apex, and, when they open, the basal part remains very much more concave and

bag-like than in A. Burchellii.

27. A. Burchellii (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1895, 336 in note) ;

stems 2-4 ft. high, branched; branches white-tomentose ; leaves

very numerous, erect or ascending, 1}—4 in. long, }-3 lin. broad,

linear, acute, narrowed into the 1-2} lin.-long petiole, revolute at

the margins, at first softly puberulous, becoming more or less

glabrous ; umbels several, racemosely arranged, white-tomentose,

pedunculate, 3-7-flowered ; peduncles subequal, }—1 in. long ; bracts

2-5 lin. long, linear or filiform, acute, deciduous ; pedicels 3-1 in.

long, equal ; sepals 12-2 lin. long, }—} lin. broad, lanceolate, acute,

reflexed ; corolla reflexed, tomentose on the back, glabrous on the

inner face, white ; lobes 3}—4 lin. long, 2-2} lin. broad, elliptic-ovate,

obtusely pointed ; corona-lobes arising } lin. up the staminal column

and reaching its top, 1-13 lin. long, broadly D-shaped and 14-15 lin.

broad viewed sideways, inflexed sides subrectangularly acute, but not

Asclepias. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 691

produced into distinct teeth, without a tooth or horn in the cavity ;

follicles 2-2 in. long, about 3 in. in diam., ovoid-lanceolate, tapering

into a beak and covered with very numerous bristle-like processes,

white-tomentose all over ; seeds about 21 lin. long and 1 lin. broad,

oblong-ovate, very convex on one side, concave or flat with a raised

margin on the other, scrobiculate, dark brown, ochreous at the

margin. Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 5, and in Journ.

Bot. 1896, 452; N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 335.

Gomphocarpus tomentosus, Burch. Trav. i. 543; Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 9, and xx. Beibl. 51, 38. G. Fruticosus, var.

tomentosus, K. Schum. in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 322. G. lanatus,

E. Meyer, Comm, 202 ; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 900; Decne in DC. Prodr.

vill. 558,

CENTRAL Recion : Somerset Div. ; near Somerset East, Atherstone, 135! Graaff

Reinet Div. ; hills near Graaff Reinet, Bolus, 378! and in MacOwan and Bolus,

Herb, Norm. 1317! Aberdeen Div.; hills in the Camdeboo, Drége! at the

foot of Camdeboo Mountain, Drége, Beaufort West Div. ; flats near Beaufort

West, Mrs. Barker ! Hopetown Div., Shaw!

Western Region: Great Namaqualand, Schinz, 22 !

KataHari Recon: Griqualand West; Asbestos Mountains, at the Kloof

Village, Burchell, 2024! Transvaal ; Fourteen Streams, Burtt Davy, 1564!

Also in Tropical Africa,

28. A. fruticosa (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 216) ; a shrub 3-10 ft. high ;

branches erect, puberulous ; leaves more or less ascending ; petiole

2—4 lin. long ; blade 2-6 in. long, 2—9 lin. broad, linear or linear-

lanceolate, acute or acuminate, mucronate, or rarely aristate, cuneate-

acute at the base, with revolute margins, glabrous or minutely

puberulous ; umbels pedunculate, lateral at the nodes, racemose,

6—10-flowered ; peduncles 3—1} in. long, pubescent or puberulous ;

bracts 3—4 lin. long, linear-subulate, puberulous, deciduous ; pedicels

3-? in. long, puberulous ; sepals 14-2 lin. long, lanceolate, acumi-

nate, pubescent or puberulous ; corolla-lobes reflexed, 3}—4 lin. long,

2 lin. broad, ovate-oblong, obtuse, glabrous on both sides, usually

but not always ciliate along one margin ; corona-lobes arising about

¥ lin. above the base of the staminal column and reaching its summit,

erect, compressed-cucullate, subrectangular in side view, with the

apical angles of the sides produced into recurving narrowly falcate

teeth, rising considerably above the rest of the lobe, their tips

incurved towards each other ; margins of the sides narrowly winged

outside; no tooth or horn within; follicles 2-3 in, long, ovoid,

tapering into a beak, minutely tomentose and beset with bristles,

which are nearly or quite glabrous. Lam. Encycl. i. 283 and Lil. ii.

323, t. 175, fig. 2; Thunb. Prodr. 47, in Nov. Act. Acad. Petrop. xiv.

(1805) 507, Fl. Cup. ed. 2, ii. 154, and ed. Schultes, 234; Ait. Hort.

Kew. ed. 1, i. 308; Pers. Syn. i. 276; Willd. Sp. Pl. 1271, and

Enum. Hort. Berol. 279 ; Schlechter in Engl.. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54,

7; Journ, Bot. 1896, 451, and Ann. Naturhist. Hofm. Wien, xv. 67,

Rand in Journ, Bot. 1903, 337; N. E. Br. in Dyer, fi st gis A

2x 2

692 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Asclepias.

iv. i. 330. A. glabra, Mill. Gard. Dict. ed..8, no. 12. A. salicifolia,

Salisb. Prodr. 150. A. crassifolia, Linn. ew Decne in DC. Prodr.

viii. 572. Gomphocarpus fruticosus, R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc, i. 38 ;

Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 80; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 87; Spreng.

Syst. Veg. i. 849; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 143; Decne in Ann. Se.

Nat. sér. 2, ix. 324, and in DOC. Prodr. viii. 557; Reichb. Fl.

Germ. xvii. t. 1071; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45,

7; xx. Beibl. 51, 31; Rand in Journ. Bot. 1903, 200. G. frutescens

(error for fruticosus), E. Meyer, Comm. 202; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 900 partly ;

Meisn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1843, 543 (by error 443).

Sourn Arrica : without locality; Herb. Linneus! Herb. Miller ! Thunberg!

Masson! Niven, 23! Sieber, 138! Pappe !

Coast Rearon: Cape Div. ; Simons Bay, MacGillivray, 590! Orange Kloof,

Wolley Dod, 3286! Oudtshoorn Div. ; near the Olifants River, Thom, 185 ;

Riversdale Div. ; near the Gauritz River, Arauss, 1258 (ex Meisner); near

Riversdale, Penther, 832. George Div. ; near Silver River, Penther, 812. Knysna

Div. ; near Knysna, Penther, 825 (all ex Schlechter), Queenstown Div. ; near

Shiloh, 3500 ft., Baur, 10! 846! plains near Queenstown, Galpin, 1699! ;

Centra Recon: Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft., Bowie!

Bolus, 195! Colesberg Div. ; near Colesberg, Knobel, 7 !

Western Recon : Little Namaqualand ; by the Orange River near Varleptpram,

Drége, 3045b! and without precise locality, Wyley !

Katanart ReGion: Griqualand West; Lower Campbell, Burchell, 1806!

Orange River Colony; Bethlehem, Richardson! Leeuw Spruit and Vredefort,

Barrett Hamilton! Pargs, 4500 ft., Rogers, 802! Harrismith, Sankey, 241!

Transvaal : near Pretoria, Kirk, 29! Miss Leendertz, 73! Wilms, 950! Burtt Davy,

2161! 2184! near Lydenburg, Wilms, 950! Platsand, Rogers, 629! Irene, Burtt

Davy, 741! Fourteen Streams, Burtt Davy, 1565! Crocodile River, Burtt Davy,

235! near Johannesburg, Rand, 859! 1127 ! Ommaney ! Modderfontein, Conrath,

996! Pilgrims Rest, Greenstock ! 3

Eastern Recion: Natal; near Greytown, Wilms, 2142! near Ladysmith,

Wood, 4755! and without precise locality, Gueinzius !

Also in North and Tropical Africa, the Mascarene Isles, Madeira, Canaries,

Arabia and South Europe, perhaps naturalised in some of the localities. Specimens

with ovoid or ellipsoid shortly and acutely.pointed follicles are probably of hybrid

origin between this species and A. physocarpa.

29. A. physocarpa (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 8) ;

plant up to 6 ft. high; stems branched, whitish-pubescent or sub-

tomentose on the young parts; leaves ascending or spreading ;

petiole 2-3 lin. long; blade 2-4 in. long ; 3-10 lin. broad, linear-

lanceolate or lanceolate, very acute, mucronulate, acute at the base,

.glabrous on both sides or with a very minute scanty pubescence

above and often on the midrib beneath ; umbels lateral, racemose,

5-10-flowered ; peduncles }~13 in. long, whitish-pubescent ; bracts

11-2 lin. long, subulate or filiform, very deciduous; pedicels

3-1 in. long, puberulous ; sepals 1}—2 lin. long, lanceolate, acuml

nate, pubescent ; corolla-lobes reflexed, 3-4 lin. long, 2-23 lin.

broad, subobtuse, ciliate along one margin, otherwise glabrous,

white ; corona-lobes arising }-} up the staminal column and nearly

or quite reaching to its top, 1}—1} lin. long, complicate, subquadrate

in the side view, with the apical angles of the inflexed sides shortly

Aselepias. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 693

produced above the rest of the lobe into a broad obliquely sub-

truncate or subfalcate lobule, no tooth within; staminal column

2-2} lin. long; anther-appendages transverse, somewhat semi-

circular, partly inflexed over the margin of the depressed-truncate

style-apex ; follicles solitary, inflated, subglobose or obliquely ovoid

13-2} in. in diam., puberulous and covered with long soft glabrous

bristles. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 453 ; Engl. Jahrb. xxxix,

242, and Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xv. 68 ; N. E. Br. in Dyer,

Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 328. A. fruticosa, Mill. Dict. ed. 8, no. 13,

not of Linn. Gomphocarpus physocarpus, E. Meyer, Comm. 202;

Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 900 ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 558 ; K. Schum. in

Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 236, and in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr.

C. 322 ; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 9 and 20; Neub.

Gart. Mag. 1894, 73 ; Wood, Natal Pl. iii. 19, ¢. 217; De Wild. Ic.

Hort. Then. iii. t. 88. G. Sruticosus, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1628, not of

R. Br. G. frutescens (error for Jruticosus), Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 900

partly.

Sourm Arrica : without locality, Forbes, 43! Herb. Miller !

Coast Recton : Worcester Div. ; near Worcester, Cooper, 1622! 2715! Uiten-

hage Div. ; by the Zwartkops River, Niven, 164! Zeyher, 524! Albany Div. ; near

Glenfilling, Drége! Kloofs near Grahamstown, MacOwan, 200! Bathurst Div. ;

Trapps Valley, Miss Daly, 689 ! Komgha Div. ; Kei River Valley, Xrook, 813 !

CenTRAL REGION : Somerset Div. ; Bosch Berg, Mac Owan !

Eastern Recion: Transkei; near Kentani, 1000 ft., Miss Pegler, 295!

Griqualand East ; around Clydesdale, Tyson, 2016! Pondoland, Bachmann, 1109!

1110! Natal; near Durban, Cooper, 2716 ! Wood, 39! Umkomanzi River Valley,

Krook, 790 (ex Schlechter), Inanda, Wood, 33! Port Shepstone, Rogers, 533!

and without precise locality, Gerrard, 439! Sutherland! Sanderson! Gueinzius !

Delagoa Bay, Langley !

Also in Tropical Africa and the Cape Verd Islands.

The corona-lobes vary in tle shape of the tooth or lobule at the apex of the

inflexed sides and sometimes approach A. fruticosa in this particular, but the

inflated follicles readily distinguish it.

30. A. crinita (N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 352);

stem erect, probably 2 ft. or more high, very much branched,

glabrous below, puberulous above, at length becoming hollow ;

leaves opposite or 3-4 in a whorl, scarcely petiolate, 4-6 in. long,

about 3 lin. broad, the lower lanceolate, the upper linear, all

acuminate, revolute at the margins, puberulous when young, be-

coming glabrous ; umbels lateral at the nodes, pedunculate, shorter

than the leaves, 4—6-flowered ; peduncles rather stout ; pedicels

about # in. long ; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, puberulous ; corolla

scarcely exceeding the calyx (but represented as twice as long in

the figure), white; lobes very spreading-recurved, ovate-oblony,

obtuse ; corona-lobes erect, crenate at the apex, at least in the

dried state ; follicle (solitary ?), ascending, ovoid-lanceolate, acumi-

nate, covered with green bristles. Gomphocarpus crinitus, Bertoloni

in Mem. Accad. Scienze Istit. Bologna, 1851, iii. 253, t. 20, fig. 1;

K. Schum. in Engl. Pl. Ost-Afr. C. 322.

694 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Asclepias.

Eastern Recion: Portuguese East Africa; Inhambane, Fornasini (ex

Bertoloni).

Probably also in Tropica] Africa.

31. A. rivularis (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 455); stems

many from the same root and leafy to the base, growing to a height

of 4 ft., simple, glabrous ; leaves in whorls of 3-4 or the uppermost

sometimes opposite, petiolate, 24-4 in. long, 15-5} lin. broad, from

almost linear to narrowly lanceolate, tapering to a very acute apex,

cuneate-acute at the base, glabrous, sometimes minutely ciliate when

young ; umbels numerous, lateral at the nodes, racemose, peduncu-

late, 8—25-flowered ; peduncles 1-1} in. long, glabrous ; bracts very

caducous, only seen on very young umbels, numerous, 24-3 lin. long,

linear-subulate, glabrous ; pedicels #-1} in. long, slender, glabrous ;

sepals 14-2 lin. long, 3-3 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute or

acuminate, glabrous ; corolla-lobes reflexed, 2}—3$ lin. long, 13-1

lin. broad, lanceolate-oblong, obliquely notched at the obtuse apex,

glabrous on both sides, often ciliate on one margin, white ; corona-

lobes arising }-} lin. up the staminal column and_ shorter

than it, erect, cucullate, about 1 lin. long from the truncate

base to the obliquely truncate top, about 3-3} lin. broad, the

inflexed sides produced into erect acute points about 4 lin. long,

without a tooth or process within ; staminal column 2—2} lin. long ;

anther-appendages rather broader than long, subtruncately emargi-

nate, rounded at the sides, slightly folded back longitudinally,

loosely inflexed, over the slightly depressed-truncate style-apex 5

follicles solitary, 141-2} in. long, nearly 1 in. thick, ovoid, ellipsoia

or elongate-obovoid, very obtuse, glabrous, apparently somewhat

fleshy ; seeds about 2} lin. long, 1} lin. broad, ovate, central

part smooth and slightly convex on both sides, surrounded by

a broad transversely plicate- wrinkled rim, glabrous, brown.

Schlechter in Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xv. 68. Gomphocarpus

rivularis, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 36.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal ; Mooi River, Burke, 331! and probably from

the same locality, Zeyher, 1166! Derde Poort, near Pretoria, Rehmann, 4782! in

streams near Middelburg, Schlechter, 3789! Potchefstroom, Burtt Davy, 2174!

Piet Retief, Burtt Davy, 1932! between Middelburg and Crocodile River, Wilms,

949! stream between Carolina and Wonderfontein, Burtt Davy, 2993 ! Potgeiters

Rust, Rogers, 538 ! :

EASTERN REGION, growing in water and very wet situations: Transkei } Bashee

River, Drége, 4942! Tsomo River, Bowker and Mrs, Barber, 869! Tllitooli River ;

Bowker and Mrs. Barber, 824! Tembuland; Bazeia, Baur, 487! Qumankwe

River, near Engcobo, Bolus, 10202! Griqualand East ; near Clydesdale, Tyson.

3119! banks of the Umzimhlava River, Krook, 795! Schlechter, 6541! near

Kokstad, Haygarth in Herb. Wood, 4257! Pondoland, Drége, 4948 !

$2. A. rotundifolia (Mill. Dict. ed. 8, no. 15); a branching shrub

about 2-3 ft. high; branches 2-3} lin. thick, velvety-tomentose,

with internodes }—}1 in. long ; leaves spreading, subsessile or with

Asclepias. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 695

petioles up to 1} lin. long; blade 1-2 in. long, 1-14 in. broad,

varying from oblong-lanceolate to oblong, elliptic- oblong, or

elliptic, acute or obtuse, apiculate, rounded or subcordate at the

base, flat, coriaceous, rather rigid, sometimes pubescent, but more

usually glabrous on both sides with the exception of the midrib

beneath, whitish, especially beneath, with green veins (Burchell) ;

umbels 1-7 to a branch, velvety-tomentose or villous, pedunculate,

lateral at the nodes, racemose or subcorymbose at the apex,

12-30-flowered ; peduncles 14-10 lin. long; bracts 3-4 lin. long,

filiform or lanceolate, deciduous ; pedicels #-1 in. long; sepals

reflexed, 2-2} lin. long, 3-1} lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute,

villous or tomentose; corolla-lobes reflexed, often with up-curved

tips, 25-35 lin. long, 13-2 lin. broad, ovate, obtusely pointed,

villous or pubescent on the back, very minutely puberulous or

glabrous on the inner face, white, often purplish on the back;

corona-lobes arising at the base of the staminal column and

as long, yellowish, 13-1? lin. long, cucullate, oblique at the

top, highest at the rounded apex, margins incurved and con-

tiguous, produced into a short acute or obtuse tooth at the top,

no tooth or process within, in the dried state a ridge or frill extends

all round on the back below the middle; staminal column 1} lin.

long; anther-appendages broadly ovate or suborbicular, obtuse,

inflexed over the truncate 5-angled style-apex ; anther-wings very

prominent and angular at the base; follicles 2-27 in. long, about

} in. thick, ovoid, tapering into an obtuse beak, pubescent and

thinly beset with soft spines or processes 3—4 lin. long ; seeds 24 lin.

long, 14-1} lin. broad, oblong-ovate, concave on one side, convex on

the other, somewhat reticulately rugose. A. cancellata, Burm. f.

Prodr. Cap. 7. A. pubescens, Linn. Mant. ii. 215, as to description

(excluding synonymy) and specimen in Herb. Linn.; Lam. Eneyel.

i, 280; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1263; Pers. Syn. i. 275. A. arborescens,

Linn. Mant. ii. 216; Lam. Encycl. i. 283; Thunb. Prodr. 47; in

Nov. Act. Acad. Petrop. xiv. (1805), 509; Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 156,

and ed. Schultes, 235 ; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 308; Willd. Sp. Pl.

i. 1271, and Enum. Hort. Berol, 278; Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. i. 25,

t. 50; Pers. Syn. i. 276; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 5,

and Journ. Bot. 1896, 451. A. arborea, Salisb. Prodr. 150. A.

crassifolia, Hort. Paris. ex Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 572. A. vestita,

Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 4106, not of Hook. and Arn. Gomphocarpus

arborescens, B. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 38 ; Ait. Hort. Kew, ed. 2,

ii. 79 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 86; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 849 ; Reichb.

Mag. Bot. t. 28 ; E. Meyer, Comm. 201 ; @. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 143 ;

Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 900; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 557; Krauss in

Flora, 1844, 826.—Apocynum frutescens, &c., Burm. Rar. Afr. Pl.

Dee. 2, 31, t. 13. Apocynum radice longa, &c., Burm. l. c. 32, t. 14,

Jig. 1.

SourH Arrica: without locality ; Oldenburg! Nelson! Herb, Linneus! Niven,

24! Forster! and cultivated specimen !

Coast Region: Cape Div. ; hills around Cape Town, Thunberg! Burchell,

696 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Aselepias.

8454! Burke! Prior! Rehmann, 1581! Tyger Berg, Krauss. Riversdale Div. ;

between Little Vet River and Garcias Pass, Burchell, 6882! Uniondale Div. ;

Long Kloof, Burchell, 4965! Port Elizabeth Div. ; Baakens River, Bowie! Albany

Div. ; Assegai Bosch, Zeyher, 896! near Brookhuizens Poort, 2100 ft., MacOwan,

320! on high hills, Mrs, Barber, 78 !

CenTRAL REGION : Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet, Bolus, 469 !

Western Reoron: Little Namaqualand ; between Modderfontein and Uitkomst,

2000 ft., Drége! Modderfontein, Whitehead! Steinkopf, Max Schlechter | and

without precise locality, Scully, 21!

The figure (Plukenet, Phytog. t. 139, fig. 1, and in Morison, Hist. iii. sect.

15, t. 3, fig. 35) quoted by Linneus under A. pubescens certainly does not belong

to the A. pubescens of his Herbarium and description, and appears to be a bad

representation of Xysmalobium undulatum, R. Br. ; it cannot be A. crispa as

stated by R. Brown in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 38, but no specimen of the plant can be

found in Plukenet’s Herbarium at the British Museum.

33. A. glaucophylla (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 455); a

stout herb with 3-4 simple stems 1-2 ft. high (or more?), 3-5 lin.

thick, glabrous in all parts except the corolla ; leaves sessile, 3-6

in. long, 1-24 in. broad, elongate-ovate, acute, cordate at the base,

with rounded stem-clasping lobes, flat, with smooth margins,

glaucous, bluish-green ; umbels several, racemosely arranged, pedun-

culate, 7-15-flowered ; peduncles 1-13 in, long; bracts 2}-4 lin.

long, linear or filiform, acute ; pedicels 8-15 lin. long ; sepals 3 lin.

long, 1-14 lin. broad, oblong, subacute, ciliate, refiexed ; corolla

reflexed, greenish, very minutely puberulous on the inner face,

glabrous on the back ; lobes 44-6 lin. long, 2-4 lin. broad, elliptic,

somewhat obtusely pointed, minutely ciliate on one margin ; corona-

lobes arising } lin. above the base of the staminal column and

reaching its top, erect, 2-24 lin. long, compressed-cucullate, sub-

quadrate and 2-2} lin. broad in side view, truncate at the top, with

the apical angles of the sides produced into a short acute point over

the top of the style-apex, no tooth within, yellowish-brown ; staminal

column 24 lin. long; anther-appendages oblong or ovate, obtuse,

inflexed over and concealing the rather small truncate style-apex ;

anther-wings prominent and acutely angular at the base ; follicles

34 in, or more long, about } in. thick, fusiform, obtuse, with about

6 narrow entire or toothed wings, some of the upper teeth produced

into compressed linear obtuse processes 2—4 lin. long. S. Moore on

Journ. Bot. 1902, 255; N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 321.

Gomphocarpus glaucophyllus, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl.

45, 19, and xx. Beibl. 51, 31.

Katanart Rucron : Transvaal ; near Pretoria, McLea in Herb. Bolus, 3086 '

Burtt Davy, 2570! Miss Leendertz, 373! Flats of Kaap Valley, near Barberton,

Galpin, 663 ! at the foot of the Magaliesberg Mountains near Rustenberg, Miss

Pegler, 966!

Eastern Reoion : Swaziland ; near Kings Kraal, Burtt Davy, 2943 !

Also in Tropical Africa.

34. A. dregeana (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1895, 337, in note,

excl. synonym, and in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 6); plant 3-15

Asclepias. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 697

in. high, or rarely taller, with 1-3 simple or branched stems, puberulous

with usually rust-coloured or golden-brown minute curved hairs, or

sometimes the leaves and corolla nearly or quite glabrous ; leaves in

4-8 pairs ; petiole }—1 lin. long ; blade 3-24 in. long, }—1 in. broad,

linear-oblong, lanceolate, broadly oblong or ovate-oblong, acute or

obtuse and mucronate, broadly rounded to slightly cordate at the

base, often somewhat crisped at the scabrous margins; umbels 2-6

to a branch, rarely solitary, lateral and terminal, racemose or sub-

corymbose, 5—10-flowered ; peduncles 3-23 in. long; bracts few,

1-3 lin. long, filiform or setaceous ; pedicels unequal, }—1 in. long ;

sepals 17-24 lin. long, }—3 lin. broad at the base, tapering to

a very acute point; corolla-lobes rotately spreading or somewhat

reflexed, 24-3} lin. long, 13-2 lin. broad, elliptic or elliptic-oblong,

minutely notched at the subacute point, glabrous on the inner face,

brilliant green (Wood) ; corona-lobes arising 3—? lin. up the staminal

column, complicate, subdeltoid or obliquely, or somewhat deltoidly

subquadrangular viewed sideways, top margin sloping downwards

and outwards, about 1 lin. high, 1}-14 lin. broad, narrowly rim-

margined at the truncate base, in dried flowers with the top margins

horizontally spreading, forming a broad flat rim or margin, without

a cavity, but fissured between the very acute or slightly hooked

teeth into which the inner apical angles are produced ; staminal

column 2-24 lin. long; anther-appendages small, suborbicular,

obtuse, erect, inflexed at their tips on the rim of the truncate style-

apex ; fruit about 3-3} in. long, }—2 in. thick, lanceolate-fusiform,

obtusely beaked, with 4 longitudinal serrate wings, rusty puberulous

when young ; seeds about 2} lin. long, 11-1} lin. broad, thick, with

incurved margins, forming a deep groove on one side, very convex

on the other, rugose all over with minute tubercles and thin ridges,

dark brown. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 452, and Ann. Naturhist.

Hofmus. Wien, xv. 67. Pachycarpus? viridiflorus, E. Meyer, Comm.

214; Meisn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1843, 545 (by error 445) ;

Krauss in Flora, 1844, 827. Xysmalobium viridiflorum, Dietr. Syn.

Pl. ii. 903. Gomphocarpus viridiflorus, Decne in DO. Prodr. viii.

561. G. marginatus, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 8,

not of Deene.

Var. 8, Caleeolus (N. E. Br.); leaves 3-3 in. long, 4-1} in. broad, ovate-

lanceolate to elliptic-oblong, obtuse or acute; corolla-lobes 3-44 lin. long, 2-24

lin. broad, green; corona-lobes usually shaped as in the type, with a distinct

fissure-like or open-mouthed cavity extending to half-way down, not solid to the

top, usually with the top margins recurved forming a rim, but occasionally sub-

quadrate in side view and truncate at the top, with the margins erect and slightly

gaping, usually marked with violet on the basal rim ; follicles 4-4} in. long, 3 in.

or more thick, lanceolate-fusiform, about equally tapering at both ends, with

4 serrate wings, puberulous. A. Calceolus, S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1903, 312, 338.

Gomphocarpus marginatus, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx, Beibl. 51, 33, not of

Var. 7, sordide (N. E. Br.); plant as in var. 8; corolla-lobes 4 lin. long,

24 lin. broad, closely veined with dark purple-brown on a green ground ; corona-

lobes subquadrate in side view, top margins truncate, not recurved so as to

698 ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). | Asclepias.

form a rim, not or but slightly produced into teeth at the inner top angles, with a

fissure-like cavity extending to the base on the inner side, marked with violet at

the top and on the basal rim.

Sour AFrrica : without locality, Masson! Thunberg !

Coast Reaion: Riversdale Div. ; near Zoetemelks River, Burchell, 6674 |

George Div. ; near George, Prior! near Silver River, Penther, 828 (ex Schlechter).

Uitenhage Div. ; Zuurberg Range, Drége! Bathurst Div. ; Kaffir Drift Miltary

Post, Burchell, 3771! Albany Div. ; near Grahamstown, Bolton ! MacOwan, 661!

Galpin, 2903! Misses Daly and Sole, 325! Schénland, 343 ! and without precise

locality, Hutton! Mrs. Barber, 115! Bowker! East London Div. ; near East:

London, Wood in Herb. Galpin, 3362! Komgha Div. ; near Komgha, 2000 ft.,

' Flanagan, 372!

CENTRAL REGION : Somerset Div. ; Somerset East, Bowker !

Katanart Recion: Var.-.8: Transvaal; open veld north of Johannesburg,

Rand, 966 ! Jeppestown Ridge, Johannesburg, (ilsillan in Herb, Galpin, 6148 | near

Rustenburg, Miss Pegler! Vlakfuntein, near Carolina, Burtt Davy, 2969 ! Pilgrims

Rest, Greenstock | near Pretoria, Burtt Davy, 3058 | 8233! Miss Leendertz, 505 !

Schlechter, 3588 ; Modderfontein, Conrath, 998 ! ; ;

Eastern Recion: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker, 4! 294! Kentani, Miss

Pegler, 656! Natal; at the foot of Table Mountain, Avrauss, 470 (not dissected,

probably = var. 8)! Var. 8: Griqualand East ; Mount Malowe, Z'yson, 3113 !

Natal; Dargle Farm, Fannin, 12! Inanda, Wood, 350! near Charlestown, Wood,

5643 ! near Krantz Kloof, Schlechter, 3195! and without precise locality, Gerrard,

1295! Sanderson, 241! 514! Mrs. K. Saunders, 8! Swaziland ; near Mbabane

een) Bolus, 12119! Var. y: Transkei; Kentani, 1000 ft., A/iss Pegler,

As stated by Dr. Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 6, the name

Gomphocarpus marginatus has been erroneously applied to this plant in many

Herbaria, The flowers of the type and var. sordida look so very distinct in size

and appearance that they might perhaps be regarded as different species, but they

seem quite connected by the var. Calceolus, which sometimes (Gerrard, 1295,

Fannin, 12) also has subquadrate corona-lobes.

35. A. cultriformis (Harv. ex Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xvi.

Beibl. 45, 31); stems 6~12 in. high, simple, hairy ; leaves ascending,

1-2 in. long with the short petiole, 3-7 lin. broad, oblong: linear,

lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, rounded to subcordate at the

base, thinly covered with long spreading hairs on both sides, ciliate

with shorter hairs; umbel solitary and terminal or 2-3, the lower

lateral at the nodes, 3-10-flowered ; peduncle 4—1 in. long, hairy to

subglabrous; bracts 3 lin. long, linear-subulate, ciliate or hairy ;

pedicels 4-9 lin. long, more or less hairy ; sepals 3—4 lin. long, 1-1}

lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, hairy ; corolla-lobes ascending-spreading,

perhaps slightly incurved, 54-6} lin. long, 34-5 lin. broad, overs

acute, sometimes with recurved margins, more or less hairy on the

back, pubescent to densely white-hairy at the tips and along the

margins on the otherwise glabrous inner face, green, or sometimes

apparently dark dull-purple-brown ; corona-lobes arising 4 lin. up

the staminal column, erect, white, with a violet spot on the back

near the apex and more or less violet at the base, 1-2 lin. long am

about as broad across the side, compressed cucullate, subquadrate 10

side view, truncate with a rim at the base, truncate to very

slightly concave and somewhat sloping outwards along the top, .

Asclepias. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 699

angles of the sides produced into long subulate acute teeth, erect

or directed over the backs of the anther-appendages, minutely

puberulous within with a compressed deltoid acute or trans-

verse truncate process not reaching to the top of the lobe;

staminal column 2-23 lin. long, with a truncate collar under each

corona-lobe ; anther-appendages broadly ovate, obtuse, inflexed on

the truncate style-apex. Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 26,

and in Journ. Bot. 1896, 451; Rand in Journ. Bot. 1903, 340.

Gomphocarpus cultriformis, Harv. ex Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii.

Beibl. 45, 31, and Journ. Bot. 1896, 451.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; Elandspruit Mountains, 7000 ft., Schlechter,

4005! Modderfontein, Conrath, 1002! High Veld near Belfast, 6500 ft., Bolus!

at the Beacon, Vlakfontein, Burtt Davy, 2970! near Johannesburg, Rand, 1126 !

Eastern Recion: Transkei; Tsomo, Mrs. Barber, 831! Natal ; Dargle Farm,

Fannin, 85! Shafton, Howick, Mrs. Hutton! Inanda, Wood, 405! and in Herb.

Natal, 381! and without precise locality, Sanderson, 291! Zululand, Gerrard,

1296! Swaziland; near Mbabane (Embabaan), 4700 ft., Bolus, 12118! Burtt

Davy, 2758! :

36. A. rara (N. E. Br.); stem solitary, erect, 6-8 in. high,

simple, rather densely and softly villous, at least above; leaves

in 5-10 pairs; petiole 3-3 lin. long; blade 3-2 in. long, 1-1 in.

broad, lowest usually ovate and obtuse, upper linear-lanceolate,

narrowly oblong-lanceolate or elongate-ovate, acute, cordate or

subcordate at the base, thinly pilose or subvillous on both sides

or on the midrib only, ciliate; umbels usually 3-4, lateral at

the nodes and terminal, racemosely arranged, or sometimes 1 and

lateral, with the stem prolonged beyond it, about 7-flowered ;

peduncles 3-13 in. long, villous; pedicels 1—} in. long, villous ;

sepals 1-1} lin. long, 1-2 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute or

acuminate, villous ; corolla-lobes reflexed-spreading, 24-2} lin. long,

13-2 lin. broad, ovate or elliptic-ovate, acute, thinly pilose on the

back, glabrous on the inner face, brown or greenish-brown in dried

flowers ; corona-lobes arising }—} lin. up the staminal column,

compressed cucullate, 3-1 lin. long, somewhat D-shaped and }—1 lin.

broad in side view, the obliquely truncate top gradually rounded

into the back or scarcely angular at the dorsal apex, inner

top angles produced over the style-apex into rather long and very

acute teeth, no tooth or process within the rather shallow fissure-

like cavity ; staminal column 1-1} lin. long; anther-appendages

very small, transverse, rounded, erect, applied to the margin of thie

truncate style-apex, but not or very slightly inflexed over it.

Coast Recion: Albany Div. ; near Grahamstown, Bolton! MacOwan, 713!

Miss Daly, 735! ;

87. A. meliodora (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 455) ; plant

with 1-2 stout stems 2-5 in. high, somewhat harshly subvillous-

pubescent ; leaves in 5-7 pairs, spreading, petiolate, 1}—3} in. long,

700 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Asclepias.

4-1 in. broad, lanceolate, acute, subtruncate, subcordate or sub-

hastate at the base, more or less and somewhat harshly pubescent

on both sides, shortly ciliate-scabrous on the margins ; umbels 2-3

to a stem, subcorymbose, 7 —15-flowered ; peduncles }~2 in. long,

roughly pubescent ; bracts 2—3 lin. long, subulate or linear, pubescent ;

pedicels 34-7 lin. long, pubescent ; sepals about 2 lin. long, attenu-

ate-lanceolate, acute, pubescent ; corolla-lobes reflexed, } in. long,

14 lin. broad, oblong, obtusely pointed, with a few hairs on the

back or glabrous on both sides, apparently whitish, dull purple-tinted

on the back; corona-lobes arising at the base of the staminal

column and much overtopping it, 13-2 lin. long, erect, fleshy,

subterete-oblong, very oblique at the top on the inner side, obtuse

at the dorsal apex, scarcely cucullate, but with a narrow cavity or

fissure down the inner face under the keel-like infolded edges, which

end in a small erect tooth about 1 lin. below the apex, with a

A-shaped rim on the back near the base ; staminal column 1} lin. long ;

anther-appendages ovate, acute or subobtuse, inflexed on the flattened

cushion-like style-apex ; follicles 4-5 in. long, } in. thick, fusiform,

tapering to an acute point, puberulous ; seeds 33-4 lin. long, 23-3

lin. broad, ovate, flat, broadly margined, scabrous on both sides,

light brown. Gomphocarpus meliodorus, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx.

Beibl. 51, 33.

Var. B, brevicoronata (N. E. Br.); corona-lobes scarcely overtopping the

staminal column, subcucullate, with the inflexed sides as if pinched together and

forming deltoid obtuse teeth at the top about } lin. below the level of the apex ;

otherwise as in the type.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Burke! Zeyher, 1165 partly !

near Pretoria, Miss Leendertz, 254! Pilgrims Rest, Greenstock! Nelson, 72!

Matebe Valley, Holub! between Delagoa Bay and Barberton, Bolus, 7662 !

Sandloop, near Pietersburg, Schlechter, 4373 ; Ginsberg, East Rand, Miss Pegler!

Var. 8: Transvaal ; near Rustenberg, Miss Pegler in Herb. Bolus, 10553 !

Xysmalobium brownianum, 8. Moore, was also distributed by Zeyher as 1165.

38. A. monticola (N. E. Br.) ; plant dwarf, much branched at the

base; branches 2-5 in. long in the only example seen, probably

more or less decumbent, rather slender, the stoutest not more than

% lin. thick, somewhat harshly pubescent ; leaves 4-6 pairs to @

branch, shortly petiolate, }—1} in. long, 3-6 lin. broad, ovate or

ovate-lanceolate, or the terminal pair lanceolate, acute, subcordate,

subtruncate or broadly rounded at the base, thinly scabrous-

pubescent on both sides ; umbels 2-3 to a stem, lateral and terminal,

pedunculate, 6-12-flowered; peduncles 3-1} in. long, slender,

puberulous on one side; bracts not seen, very deciduous ; pedicels

5-6 lin. long, puberulous on one side; sepals 1} lin. long, } [i.

broad, lanceolate, acute, pubescent ; corolla-lobes reflexed, about 2}

lin. long, 1} lin. broad, elliptic-oblong, subacute, glabrous on the

purple-brown back, minutely papillate-puberulous on the inner

face, which appears to be greenish more or less tinged with purple ;

corona-lobes arising 4 lin. up the staminal column and overtopping

Aselepias. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). TOL

it, erect, 1 lin. long, scarcely } lin. broad across the side, cucullate,

inflexed sides produced at the top into short falcate teeth

resting on the backs of the anther-appendages, dorsal apex

obliquely prolonged beyond them into an oblong obtuse slightly

spreading concave tip, with a transverse curved wing-like ridge on

each side at the middle of the lobe, apparently yellowish or whitish

with their lower part and the base of the 1-1} lin.-long staminal

column purple ; anther-appendages about twice as broad as long,

transversely oblong, emarginate, inflexed on the margin of the

truncate style-apex.

Coast Recron : Queenstown Div. ; summit of the Andriesberg Range, 6800 ft.,

Galpin, 2262 !

39. A. humilis (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 26) ;

plant 2-8 in. high with an elongated fleshy tuberous rootstock, pro-

ducing 1-2 bifariously pubescent stems; leaves in 3-5 pairs, erect

or ascending, mostly basal, 3-3 in. long, 2-8 lin. broad, oblong or

oblong-lanceolate, rarely linear or linear-lanceolate, obtuse or acute,

rounded or narrowed at the base into a petiole 1-6 lin. long, pubes-

cent on both sides and shortly ciliate ; umbels solitary and terminal

or 2-4 and subcorymbose, pedunculate, 4-5- (6—-8- ex Schlechter)

flowered ; peduncles }-1 in. long, often with a long peduncle-like

internode below them ; bracts 2 lin. long, linear-subulate, pubescent ;

pedicels 4—3 in. long, pubescent ; sepals 2-34 lin. long, 3—1 lin. broad,

lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent ; corolla-lobes spreading, 34-5 lin.

long, 2-2} lin. broad, ovate or oblong-ovate, obtuse, thinly pubescent

and dark purple on the back, glabrous and white on the inner face,

more or less ciliate on one margin ; corona-lobes arising } lin. up

the staminal column and radiately spreading at about the level of

its top, 3-3} lin. long, complicate for half the length or beyond,

and, viewed sideways, tapering from a 1 lin.-deep base to an acute

apex, not produced into teeth at the rectangular basal angles of the

inflexed sides, with a median keel for ? of its length between them,

wing-like and as broad as the sides at the base, tapering and

becoming undulated towards the apex, whitish; staminal column

1} lin. long ; anther-appendages reniform, rounded, inflexed on the

rim of the slightly depressed-truncate style-apex. Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 8, and Journ. Bot. 1896, 452. Pachycarpus

humilis, E. Meyer, Comm. 212. Xysmalobium humile, Dietr. Syn.

Pl. ii. 902. Gomphocarpus humilis, Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 561.

CentraL Recion: Aliwal North Div. ; Witteberg Range, 6000-7000 ft.,

Drége, 3240!

Katanart Rxcion: Orange River Colony; Mont-aux-Sources, 8000 ft.,

Flanagan in Herb. Bolus, 8117! Caledon Kange, Thode, 39! Basutoland,

Machacha Mountain, Bryce !

The plant described as A. humilis by Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51,

26, from the Elandspruit Mountains, Transvaal (Schlechter, 3880), may be this

Species, but according to description differs in having reflexed corolla-lobes only

1} lin. broad, erect corona-lobes more than twice overtopping the staminal column,

and ovate anther-appendages. I have not seen it.

702 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). | Asclepias.

40. A. ulophylla (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. XXxvili. 32) ; stem

8 in. high, simple, erect, straight, bifariously puberulous, leafy ;

leaves erectly spreading, 14-2} in. long, 5-10 lin. broad below the

middle, lanceolate-oblong, acuminate, at first minutely puberulous,

becoming glabrous ; petiole 24-5 lin. long ; umbels shortly pedun-

culate, not exceeding the leaves, 8-1 5-flowered ; pedicels 34 lin. long,

slender, puberulous , sepals 24 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, sparsely

pilose, not ciliate ; corolla-lobes 3 lin. long, oblong, somewhat obtuse,

glabrous ; corona-lobes a little longer than the stipes of the staminal

column, cuneate-obovate, 3-lobed at the apex, with the lateral lobes

short and the middle one oblong, obtuse, incurved, fleshy, with a

longitudinal median keel within ; staminal column conspicuously

stipitate ; anther-appendages suborbicular, incurved.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; on a stony hill near Komati Poort, 1000 ft.,

Schlechter, 11788. ; ‘

This seems to be very closely allied to A. humilis, Schlechter. I have not

seen it.

41. A. hastata (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54,7); plant

9-15 in. high, branching ; branches somewhat compressed, scabrous-

pubescent ; leaves spreading or ascending ; petiole 1-24 lin. long ;

blade 3-24 in. long, 25-8 lin. broad, oblong, deltoid-oblong or

lanceolate, acute or obtuse, hastate or truncate at the base, narrowly

or broadly revolute along the margins, scabrous above, subhispid on

the midrib beneath ; umbel solitary or 2 terminating the main

branches, rarely 3 and then racemose or subcorymbose, 8—20-

flowered ; peduncles }—3 in. long, more or less scaberulous ; bracts

1-2 lin. long, subulate, ciliate, deciduous ; pedicels 6-9 lin. long,

scabrous-pubescent to nearly glabrous ; sepals reflexed, 14-2 lin.

long, 3-1 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute, thinly pubescent ;

corolla reflexed, quite glabrous ; lobes 24-3 lin. long, 1}—1} lin. broad,

oblong, obtusely pointed, apparently purple, with the basal part

whitish or greenish-white ; corona-lobes arising at the base of and

much exceeding the staminal column, 1 {—2} lin. long, erect, cucullate,

very obliquely produced from the middle into ovate obtuse

slightly spreading tips, margins at the basal half infolded

and meeting, produced at the apex into very short erect obtuse

deltoid teeth, reaching to or slightly exceeding the middle of the

lobe, on each side from a little below the teeth a narrow wing

extends obliquely downwards and curved outwards towards the base,

no tooth or other process within ; staminal column 1-1} lin. long;

anther-appendages transverse, much broader than long, emarginate or

broadly rounded at the apex, applied to but scarcely inflexed over the

margin of the slightly depressed-truncate style-apex ; follicles solitary;

only seen in the young state, fusiform, acute, beset with spreading or

curved minutely scabrous subulate processes 1—1} lin. long. Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1896, 452. A. Flanaganii, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896,

454. Gomphocarpus hastatus, E. Meyer, Comm. 201; Dietr. Syn.

Asclepias. | ASCLEPIADEE (Brown). 703

Pl. ii. 900; Decne in DO. Prodr. viii. 560. G. asclepiaceus,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 7. G. geminatus,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 8, and xx. Beibl. 51, 33

in note.

Coast Recon : King Williamstown Div. ; between Chalumna River and Buffalo

River, Drége, 4955! near King Williamstown, Sim, 275! 1565! Komgha Div. ;

near the Kei River, Flanagan, 391! Krook, 815! near Komgha, Flanagan,

1041! British Kaffraria, Mrs. Hutton !

Eastern Recion: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker, 95! 295!

I have examined type specimens of Gomphocarpus asclepiaceus and G. geminatus,

Schlechter (Flanagan, 1041 and 391) and find no distinction between them, except

that G. asclepiaceus is a luxuriant specimen with larger leaves than usual, the

flowers of both are identical with E. Meyer’s type of G. hastatus.

42. A. crispa (Berg. Descr. Pl. Cap. 75); plant 4-1} ft. high,

branching at the base; branches erect or decumbent at the base,

villous or pubescent with short spreading hairs, leafy; leaves

spreading, shortly petiolate, 3-34 in. long, 1-9 lin. broad at the

obtuse subtruncate or subcordate-hastate base, thence gradually

tapering to the acute apex, with crisped or wavy margins, rarely

oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, with an apiculus and quite flat, rather

harshly pubescent or more or less scabrous on both sides, or at least

on the margins and midrib beneath ; umbels solitary and terminal

or 2-4 and racemosely arranged, 1-2 in. in diam., pubescent or

villous, pedunculate, 7-40-flowered ; peduncles $-3 in. long ; bracts

1}-3 lin. long, subulate or lanceolate ; pedicels 5-9 lin. long ; sepals

reflexed, 14-2} lin. long, 4—3 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, villous-

pubescent and ciliate ; corolla-lobes reflexed, 24-34 lin. long, 14-2

lin. broad, ovate or elliptic, acute or subobtuse, glabrous on both

sides or pubescent on the back, dull greenish or purplish-tinted on

the inner face, brownish-purple on the back; corona-lobes arising

3-3 lin. above the base of the staminal column and much over-

topping it, very variable in size, 14-3 lin. long, with the basal part

cucullate, }-14 lin. long, and the inflexed sides produced into falcate

acute teeth projected over or against the top of the staminal column;

upper part produced into an ovate or lanceolate acute or obtuse ascend-

ing-spreading blade 11-2 lin. long, flat at the apex, concave below, or

concave throughout, greenish or greenish-buff, with a dark purple

stripe down the middle and on the back ; staminal column 1-1} lin.

long ; anther-appendages broader than long, usually bilobed, some-

times only emarginate, somewhat longitudinally folded or channelled

down the back, erect, with their tips just turned over the margin of

the truncate style-apex ; follicles 3-4} in. long, fusiform, tapering

into a long beak, puberulous or glabrous, smooth or with several

Series of short processes or tubercles along them ; seeds } in. long,

} in. broad, concave on one face convex on the other, rugulose-

Seabrous. Linn. Mant. ii. 215 ; Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. 13, 213; Linn. f.

Suppl. 170; Lam. Encycl. i. 280; Thunb. Prodr. 47 ; in Nov. Act.

704 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Asclepias.

Acad. Petrop. xiv. (1805), 507 ; Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 154, and ed.

Schultes, 234 ; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 305 ; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1263 ;

Pers. Syn. i. 275 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 451; Engl. Jahrb.

xxi. Beibl. 54, 6; and in Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xv. 67. A.

sinuosa, Burm. fil. Prodr. Cap. 7. A. undulata, Murr. Syst. Veg. ed.

13, 214, not of Linn. A. repanda, Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 1, 77, and

Forsk. ex Steud. Lec. ed. 2, i. 146. Gomphocarpus crispus, R. Br. in

Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 38; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ui. 79; Schultes, Syst.

Veg. vi. 88 ; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 849 ; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 144 ;

Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 900 ; Decne in DC. Prodr. vill. 560. G. hastatus,

var. angustifolius, Meisn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1843, 543

(by error 443); Krauss in Flora, 1844, 826. Pachycarpus crispus,

E. Meyer, Comm. 214; Meisn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1843,

545 (by error 445); Krauss in Flora, 1844, 826. Xysmalobium

crispum, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 902.—Apocynum erectum Africanum sub-

hirsutum, &c., Commelin, Hort. Med. Amstel. Pl. Rar. 17, f. 17.

Var. B, pseudocrispa (N. E. Br.) ; leaves 1-24 in. long, 2-33 lin. broad, linear

or linear-lanceolate, acute at the apex, rounded, truncate or subhastate at the base,

flat, usually revolute at the margins, but not undulate or crisped ; umbels usually

solitary and terminal on the branches, rarely 2 and 1 of ‘them lateral ; corolla-

lobes 13-8 lin. long ; corona-lobes 3-1} lin. long, with the cucullate and apical

parts subequal. Asclepias pseudocrispa, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1895, 357.

Var. y, plana (N. E. Br.); leaves 3-2 in. long, 34-8 lin. broad, linear-oblong,

oblong, oblong-lanceolate or ovate-oblong, acute or obtuse, rounded to subtruncate

at the base, flat, not undulate or crisped, somewhat hispid on the midrib beneath

and scabrous on the margins, otherwise glabrous ; umbels solitary and terminal or

lateral or 2-3 lateral and terminal ; corolla and corona as in var. B. Gomphocarpus

crispus, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 7, not of R. Br.

Sourn Arica: without locality; Herb. Linnexus! Oldenburg! Nelson!

Masson! Zeyher, 1157! Harvey, 559! 569! : :

Coast Recion: Vanrbynsdorp Div. ; Gift Berg, Drege! Clanwilliam Div. +

Bosch Kloof, Drege! Paarl Div. ; Klem Drakenstein Mountains, Drége! pear

Paarl, Schlechter, 9212! Cape Div. ; hills and flats near Cape Town, Thunberg '

Burchell, 775! Drége! Zeyher, 4884! Pappe! Bolus, 3312! Wolley Dod, 349°

420! near Tyger Berg, Prior! Simons Bay, Prior | Stellenbosch Div. ; near

Eerste River, Krauss, 1259 (ex Meisner). Swellendam Div., Krauss (ex Meisner).

Riversdale Div. ; between Little Vet River and Garcias Pass, Burchell, 6901!

Knysna Div. ; near Knysna River, Krauss (ex Meisner). Humansdorp Div. ; near

Kromme River, Bowie! Uitenhage Div. ; near Sunday River, Bowie! Uitenhage,

Burchell, 4412! Cooper, 1488 ! Schlechter, 2520 ! Addo, Drége! near the Zwartkops

River, Zeyher, 445! Drége! Penther, 789, 831 (ex Schlechter). Var. B: Bathurst

Div. ; near the mouth of Kowie River, MacOwan, 721! Hutton! Round Hill,

Bolus, 6696! Trapps Valley, Miss Daly, 584! King Williamstown Div. ;

Keiskamma, Mrs. Hutton! East London Div. ; near East London, Wood in Herb.

Galpin, 3382! 3383! British Kaffraria, Mrs. Hutton | Var. y: Komgha Div. ; near

Keimouth, Flanagan, 103! British Kaffraria, Mrs, Hutton ! Hee

Cenrrat Raion : Calvinia Div. ; between Grasberg River and Waterval River,

Drége!

+ ee Recton: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker, 12! 15!

43, A. Woodii (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 456); stem

simple, 14-2 ft. high, 1-1} lin. thick at the base, often compressed,

scabrous or scabrous-pubescent, with internodes 9-44 in. long;

Aselepias. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 705

leaves 3-6 pairs to a stem, ascending or suberect, subsessile or very

shortly petiolate, 21-4} in. long, 24-8 lin. broad, broadly linear to

lanceolate, acute or subacute, rounded or cuneate at the base,

scabrous on both sides and at the narrowly revolute margins ;

umbel solitary and terminal or the stem forking once or twice

dichotomously at the top and bearing 2-4 umbels, corymbosely

arranged, 4—12-(mostly 7-8-) flowered; peduncles 4-2} or when

solitary up to 7 in. long, scabrous-pubescent ; bracts 2—3 lin. long,

linear-subulate, acute, thinly pubescent; pedicels 3-5 lin. long,

scabrous-pubescent or subhispid ; sepals 24-2? lin. long, 1-1} lin.

broad, lanceolate, acute, subhispid-pubescent ; corolla-lobes reflexed-

spreading, 27-3} lin. long, 13-2} lin. broad, ovate, subacutely

pointed, glabrous on both sides, apparently whitish, tinted with

purple on the back; corona-lobes arising close to the base of the

staminal column and equalling or slightly exceeding it, 14-1? lin.

long, erect, about 1 lin. broad across the side, compressed-cucullate,

truncately rounded at the top, rounded on the back, with the

inflexed sides very slightly produced into obtuse teeth at the apex,

no tooth or appendage within, yellow, with the basal part chocolate ;

staminal column 1} lin. long; anther-wings rectangularly angular

at the middle; anther-appendages ovate to suborbicular, obtuse,

with whitish granules embedded in them, producing a somewhat

frosted appearance, closely inflexed over the concave style-apex.

Gomphocarpus Woodii, Schlechter in Journ. of Bot. 1894, 258.

Eastern Recion: Natal; Dargle Farm, Fannin, 34! near Howick, 3500-

3700 ft., Wood, 4258! 5121! Greenwich Farm, Riet Vlei, Fry in Herb. Galpin,

2743! near Pietermaritzburg, Wilms, 2138 !

The granules in the very thin membrane of the anther-appendages are remark-

able, and I do not recollect having seen them in any other species ; they appear to

be crystals of oxalate of lime.

44. A. densiflora (N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i, 320) ;

plant few-branched at the base, 1-1? ft. high; stems erect or

decumbent at the base, harshly or scabrous-pubescent ; leaves 5-9

pairs to a stem, ascending or spreading; petiole 1-2 lin. long;

blade 1-24 in. long, 2-10 lin. broad at the base, the lower ovate or

oblong-ovate, the middle elongated and gradually tapering from base

to apex, the upper linear-lanceolate, all acute, cordate, subcordate,

subtruncate or rounded at the base, narrowly revolute and undulate

at the margins, harshly or scabrous-pubescent on both sides ; umbel

solitary, terminal, 1-14 in. in diam., 15-25-flowered ; peduncles on

the main stems 34-7 in. long, more or less scabrous on one side ;

bracts 14-2 lin. long, subulate ; pedicels 4-6 lin. long, glabrous or

with a few stiff spreading hairs; sepals 1}-1} lin. long, lanceolate

or ovate-lanceolate, acute, hairy-pubescent ; corolla-lobes reflexed,

2} to nearly 3 lin. long, 14—-1% lin. broad, ovate or oblong-ovate,

subacute, glabrous or with a few hairs on the back, glabrous on the

inner face or most minutely puberulous at the base, white, tinted

VOL. IV.—SECT. I,—PART V, 2%

706 ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). | Asclepias.

with dull purple on the back ; corona-lobes arising near the base of

the staminal column and equalling or slightly exceeding it, fleshy,

about 14 lin. long, complicate-cucullate, with a narrow cavity,

somewhat cuneate-oblong and 1 lin. broad at the top in side view,

obliquely rounded in to the narrowed and almost claw-like base,

rounded at the top, with the inner margin of the apical angles

produced into very short deltoid obtuse teeth, below which, at about

the middle, is a transverse upcurved ridge or keel on each side, no

tooth or process within, entirely yellowish (or creamy-white ?) ;

staminal column 1-1} lin. long; anther-appendages somewhat

rhomboid-orbicular, obtuse, inflexed upon and concealing the

truncate 5-angled style-apex, which has 5 radiating depressed lines ;

anther-wings very broad and prominently angular just below the

middle; follicles solitary, about 24 in. long, 4 in. thick, narrowly

lanceolate, tapering into an obtuse beak, echinate in several longi-

tudinal series with rather stout conical obtuse or acute processes

} lin. long, puberulous ; seeds 1} lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad, narrowly

ovate or oblong-ovate, thick, deeply channelled on one side very

convex on the other, with very prominent thin crowded ridges at

the incurved margins and minutely tuberculate on the convex side,

brown. Rand in Journ. Bot. 1903, 338.

_ Karanart Recion : Transvaal ; Magalies Berg, Burke! near Pretoria, MeLea

in Herb. Bolus, 5706! near Nylstroom, Burtt Davy, 2018! Warm Baths, Burtt

Davy, 2221! Houtbosch (Woodbush), Rehmann, 5873! near Barberton, Thorneroft,

211 (Herb. Wood, 4287)!

Eastern Recron: Swaziland; near Mafutane, 1500 ft., Bolus, 12141 ! near

Bremersdorp, 2500 ft., Burtt Davy, 3056 !

Also in Tropical Africa.

_Very similar to A. fallax, Schlechter, but rather larger and stouter, and easily

distinguished by the colour of the corona-lobes. The type of this species 18

Mrs. Evelyn Cecil’s specimen from Rhodesia, with which the above quoted exactly

agree, but in the original description the words ‘‘ cuneate” and ‘‘subhastate | 28

applied to the leaves, and ‘‘ 50-flowered” and ‘‘ 13 in. in diam.” as applied to the

umbels, and ‘‘8 lin.” long pedicels, refer to a specimen of A. Cooperi, N. E. Br.;

mixed with the above, from which I took those (but no other) characters without

dissecting it and did not then take heed of its distinctness.

45. A. fallax (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 455); plant few-

branched at the base, 4-1 ft. high ; stems erect, harshly or scabrous-

pubescent, leaves 5—7 pairs to a stem, ascending-spreading ; petiole

1-2 lin. long ; blade 3-14 in. long, 3-3 in. broad at the truncate to

broadly cuneate hastate base, thence tapering to the acute apex,

harshly or scabrous-pubescent on both sides ; umbel solitary and

terminal or 2, the lower lateral, both attaining to nearly the same

level, 3-1} in. in diam., 12—15-flowered ; peduncle 3-4] in. long,

scabrous-pubescent ; bracts 1-1} lin. long, subulate ; pedicels 3-5

lin. long, harshly pilose ; sepals about 1} lin. long, lanceolate, acute,

hairy-pubescent ; corolla-lobes reflexed, with upeurved tips, 2-2} lin.

long, 1}—1} lin. broad, ovate, subacute, glabrous on both sides or

Aselepias. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 707

with a few hairs on the back, white, tinted with purple on the back ;

corona-lobes arising near the base of the staminal column and

equalling or slightly overtopping it, fleshy, 11-1} lin. long and about

1 lin. broad at the top in side view, complicate-cucullate, with a

narrow cavity, obliquely rounded at the back into the narrowed and

almost stalk-like base, truncate or slightly rounded at the top, with

the inner margin of the apical angles subrectangular or slightly

produced into very short deltoid teeth, no tooth within, greenish-

yellow at the top, dark violet-brown on the back and lower part ;

staminal column 1 lin. long; anther-appendages suborbicular,

slightly emarginate, inflexed on the truncate obtusely pentagonal

style-apex, which is marked with 5 radiating slightly depressed

lines ; anther-wings rather broad, prominently angular below their

middle; follicles (very immature) solitary, lanceolate-fusiform,

tapering to a beak, echinate with 6 (or more ?) longitudinal series of

small spine-like acute processes } lin. long, puberulous. Gompho-

carpus fallax, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 29.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; hills near Pretoria, Schlechter, 3604!

Miss Leendertz, 294! Aapies Poort, Rehmann, 4157! Jeppestown Ridge, near

Johannesburg, Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6048! hills near Rustenburg, 4000 ft.,

Miss Pegler, 980!

In the original description the corolla-lobes are stated to be erectly-spreading

with reflexed tips, the anther-wings narrow and not at all enlarged at the base,

and in a note the style-apex is described as like a 5-rayed star with elongated

point-like bosses upon it. I have examined flowers from a part of the type, given

by Dr. Schlechter to Dr. Bolus, and do not find any of these characters agree with

that specimen ; the organs are as described above. The species is readily dis-

been dnane from those most closely allied to it by the peculiar coloration of the

corona-lobes.

46. A. Cooperi (N. E. Br.) ; plant 4-1 ft. high, probably branching

at the base ; stems often decumbent below, bifariously subscabrous

to subhispid ; leaves 5-7 pairs to a stem, ascending or somewhat

spreading ; petiole 2-6 lin. long; blade 14~3 in. long, }-} in. broad,

lanceolate, cuneate or cuneately subhastate to subtruncate at the base,

thence tapering to the acute apex, undulate at the scabrous margins,

harshly pubescent with rather coarse hairs on both sides; umbel

solitary, terminal, 14-2 in. in diam., semiglobose, 30-50-flowered ;

peduncle 2—4 in. long, subscabrous to thinly subhispid ; bracts about

2 lin. long, subulate, pubescent ; pedicels 6-8 lin. long, thinly and

somewhat harshly to densely and softly villous ; sepals about 1} lin.

long, lanceolate, acute, thinly hairy; corolla-lobes reflexed, with

upeurved tips, 24-3 lin. long, 14 to nearly 2 lin. broad, elliptic-

oblong, subacute, most minutely puberulous at the base of the inner

face, otherwise glabrous or with a few hairs near the apex on the

back, apparently greenish-yellow, tipped. with purple-brown on the

ck; corona-lobes arising about } lin. up the staminal column,

erect, fleshy, complicate-cucullate, 14-1} lin. long, about 1 lin. broad

across the side of the obliquely truncate top, which is slightly

222

708 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). | Asclepias.

highest at the dorsal apex, rounded in to the narrowed base at the

back, in side-view somewhat oblong with a very short obliquely

claw-like base, the inner margins produced at the top into short

horizontal deltoid acute teeth, entirely deep-yellow ; staminal

column 1-1} lin. long; anther-appendages subreniform, obtuse,

inflexed upon and concealing the truncate style-apex ; anther-wings

remarkably prominent, angular at the middle.

Coast Recion: Fort Beaufort Div. ; Kat River Valley, Cooper, 473! tops of

high hills above Water Kloof and at Kaal Neck near the Winter Berg,

Mrs. Barber, 80! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 159 ! Stockenstrom Div. ; Lushington

Mountain, Scully, 121! ,

Eastern Region: Transkei ; Kreilis Country, Bowker (Mrs. Barber), 96 !

According to Mrs. Barber this is ‘‘a beautiful yellow-flowered species.” It is

allied to A densiflora, N. E. Br., but the different appearance, longer petioles,

cuneate-based leaves and larger umbels of more numerous flowers, readily dis-

tinguish it.

47. A. adscendens (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 455) ; plant

4-8 in. high, branching at the base into several erect or spreading-

ascending stems, often decumbent at the base, compressed, subhispid ;

leaves shortly petiolate, 1-13 in. long, 2-7 lin. broad, linear-

lanceolate to ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, broadly rounded to

cordate at the base, scabrous-pubescent, drying pale-green ; umbels

solitary, terminal, semiglobose, 1-1} in. in diam., 12-20-flowered ;

peduncle 4-21 in. long, subhispid ; bracts several, 14-3} lin. long,

linear, acute, pubescent ; pedicels 4—7 lin. long, hispid ; sepals 1}

lin. long, 3 to nearly 1 lin. broad, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate,

acute, subhispid ; corolla-lobes reflexed or reflexed-spreading, with

up-curved tips, 2-24 lin. long, 14-1} lin. broad, elliptic-ovate,

subacute, glabrous on both sides or with few hairs on the back,

corona-lobes arising about } lin. up the staminal column and

attaining to the same level, erect, not spreading at the tips,

complicate-cucullate, subquadrate in side view, not quite | lin. long

and about as broad at the truncate or truncately rounded top,

rectangular or acute but scarcely produced into teeth at the apex of

the inflexed sides, abruptly or subtruncately rounded into the column

at the base, which has acute rim-like margins, with a narrow keel

or wing near the inner margins curving outwards near the base,

without a tooth or other process within the cavity ; staminal column

about 1} lin. long ; anther-appendages reniform or transverse, very

obtusely rounded, inflexed upon the margin of the truncate penta-

gonal style-apex ; follicles mostly solitary, 2—2} in. long, about $ in.

thick, covered with stout spreading or recurving subulate processes

2-24 lin. long, glabrous or thinly pubescent. Gomphocarpus adscen-

an Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 16, and xx. Beibl.

pals

Katanart Recion : Basutoland, Cooper, 2720! Transvaal ; around Barberton,

2500-3500 ft., Galpin, 596! Bolus, 7664! near Rustenberg, Miss Pegler, 978!

near Heidelberg, 5200 ft., Schlechter, 3525! near Pretoria, Burtt Davy, 796!

Aselepias. | ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). 709

1992! 1998! 2235! 3068! 3075! Springbok Flats, Burtt Davy, 2507 ! Pinedene,

near Irene, Burtt Davy, 2319! Matebes Valley, Holub, 1845! Modderfontein,

Conrath, 991! and without precise locality, McLea in Herb. Bolus, 5708 !

Eastern Recron : Griqualand East ; Mount Currie, Tyson, 3117! Swaziland ;

near Bremersdorp, 2100 ft., Bolus, 12138! Burtt Davy, 3026.

48. A. vicaria (N. E. Br.); plant probably branching at the

base ; stems decumbent at the base or for a considerable part of

their length, 3-1 ft. long, harshly pubescent ; leaves in 5-7 pairs to

a stem ; petiole 2-3 lin. long ; blade 1-1? in. long, 5-11 lin. broad,

of the lower leaves ovate, with a cordate base, of the upper lanceo-

late, with a rounded base, all acute, rather harshly pubescent on

both sides ; umbel solitary, terminal, half-globose, 1-1} in. in diam.,

25-40-flowered ; peduncle 24-3 in. long, harshly pubescent ; bracts

about 2 lin. long, lanceolate-subulate, pubescent ; pedicels 4-5 lin.

long, thinly covered with spreading rather stiff hairs ; sepals 1} lin.

long, ? lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute, pubescent with rather

long hairs ; corolla-lobes reflexed, 2-2} lin. long, 14—1} lin. broad,

ovate, subacute, pubescent on the back, puberulous on the inner

face ; corona-lobes arising a little above the base of the staminal

column, erect, about }—3 lin. long, 2—3 lin. broad at the top in

side view, complicate-cucullate, truncate with a narrow rim at the

base, obliquely truncate with recurved-spreading margins at the

top, with the apical angles of the inflexed sides produced into short

acute teeth resting upon the anther-appendages, and with an

oblique wing near the inner margins at about the middle; staminal

column 1} lin. long; anther-appendages transversely oblong or

reniform, rounded or slightly emarginate, inflexed upon (but not

covering) the truncate style-apex.

Eastern Recion : Pondoland (Mount Ayliff Div.) ; near Fort Donald, 4500 ft.,

Tyson, 1749!

49. A. albens (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 5) ;

plant 10-20 in. high, branching at the base ; stems 1-3 lin. thick,

often compressed, scabrous-pubescent or subhispid ; leaves in 6-10

pairs ; petiole 4-3 lin. long ; blade 3—2 in. long, 3-1 in. broad, ovate

to ovate-lanceolate, acute, rarely obtuse, broadly rounded or sub-

cordate at the base, rather coarsely and harshly or scabrous-

pubescent on both sides, scabrous on the margins; umbels solitary,

terminal, usually 14-2 (rarely 3) in. in diam, 15-30-flowered ;

peduncle 14~4 in. long, puberulous on one side and thinly subhispid ;

bracts 2-4 lin. long, linear-subulate or linear-lanceolate, acute ;

pedicels 4~1 (rarely to 14) in. long, varying from nearly glabrous to

thinly hispid ; sepals 13-2 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad, ovate or lanceo-

late, acute, roughly pubescent ; corolla-lobes reflexed, 3-3} lin. long,

13-2 lin. broad, ovate, acute, glabrous on both sides or thinly

pubescent on the back, white or occasionally light purple ; corona-

lobes arising }—} lin. up the staminal column and not exceeding it,

erect, 1 lin. long, subquadrate, and 1 lin. broad at the top in side-

710 ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). [ Asclepias.

view, scarcely longer than broad, cucullate, without a tooth or other

process in the cavity, truncate and marginate at the base, produced

into acute angles or short teeth at the apex of the inflexed sides,

with the top margin subtruncate or sloping from the teeth outwards

and downwards to the dorsal apex; near the inner margins is a

distinct wing, which curves outwards to the middle of the side at

the base ; staminal column 14 lin. long ; anther-appendages orbicular,

obtuse or emarginate, more or less replicate, inflexed over and

covering the truncate style-apex ; anther-wings broadest at the

angular base. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 452, and Ann.

Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xviii. 398; Rand in Journ. Bot. 1903,

340. Pachycarpus albens, E. Meyer, Comm. 214; Meisn. in Hook.

Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1843, 545 (by error 445); Krauss in Fl. 1844,

826. Xysmalobium albens, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 902. Gomphocarpus

albens, Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 559; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb.

xviii. Beibl. 45, 7 and 17.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Herb. Thunberg!

Coast Recion: Alexandria Div. ; Quagga Flats, Bowie! Albany Div.; near

Geelhoutboom, Drége, 3414! near Bothas Hill, MacOwan,227 ! near Grahamstown,

MacOwan ! and without precise locality, Hutton! East London Div. ; near East

London, Siefert in Herb. Conrath, 991a! King Williamstown Div. ; Keiskamma,

Mrs. Hutton! British Kaffraria, Mrs. Hutton !

_EasterN Recion: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker, 13! Griqualand East ;

hills near Newmarket, Krook, 2407 (ex Schlechter). Pondoland ; near Umtsikaba

River, Drége! Natal ; near Umlaas River, Krauss, 84! near Durban, McKen, 826 !

Wood in Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 1029! Inanda, Wood, 101! Port Shepstone,

Rogers, 523! and without precise locality, Peddie! Gueinzius! Gerrard, 564!

The fruit described by E. Meyer belongs to a specimen of some species of

Pachycarpus, which is mixed in his herbarium with those of this plant, and has

the remains of several umbels lateral at the nodes, 2 of them with narrowly

winged follicles as described. Another fruiting specimen in E. Meyer’s herbarium,

which may be that of the true A. albens, has a solitary terminal umbel, bearing @

lanceolate acute follicle 3} in. long and # in. thick, with one side straight, the

other curved, smooth and glabrous,‘ not at all winged. Fruiting specimen dis-

tributed by Drége as Pachycarpus albens, under letter ‘‘ C,” from the Witteberg

Range in Aliwal North, is like A. albens in habit, but the follicle is quite different

from the others, being 2 in. long, 4 in. thick, fusiform-lanceolate and thickly

covered with subulate processes 2-8 lin. long, and being from a region where

A, albens is unknown is not likely to belong to that species,

50. A. affinis (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 455, not of De

Wild.) ; plant branched at the base ; branches more or less decum-

bent, 8-15 in. long, stout, subhispid or harshly pubescent ; leaves

1-3 in. long, including the short petiole, 4-1} in. broad, ovate to

ovate-lanceolate, acute, cordate or truncately rounded at the base,

scabrous, subhispid or harshly pubescent on both sides ; umbel

terminal, solitary, rarely 2, hemispheric, 14-2} in. in diam., 16—40-

flowered; peduncle 1-33 in. long; bracts 2-3 lin. long, linear-

lanceolate, acute ; pedicels 4-1 in. long and like the peduncle and

bracts varying from very thinly subhispid to densely pilose-hispid,

the hairs differing in harshness; sepals 2-2} lin. long, 3-1 lin.

broad, lanceolate, acute, thinly to densely pilose-hispid ; corolla-

Aselepias. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 711

lobes reflexed or reflexed-spreading, upeurved at the tips, 24-3} in.

long, 13-24 lin. broad, ovate, subacute, thinly pubescent on the

back, glabrous on the inner face ; corona-lobes erect, arising }1—} lin.

up the staminal column and usually slightly exceeding it, 1-1} lin.

long, oblong and distinctly longer than broad in side view, cucullate,

without a tooth or other process in the cavity, truncate, with a

wing-like rim at the base, with the inner top angles of the sides

produced into short and obtuse or longer falcate and acute teeth,

from which the top margin slopes upwards and outwards in a

distinct curve to the dorsal apex, which is often slightly recurved,

with a narrow wing near the inner margins, which curves backwards

towards the base, but is not easily seen in some dried flowers ;

staminal column 1-14 lin. long; anther-appendages as broad or

broader than long, subtruncate or emarginate, somewhat reflexed at

the sides, inflexed upon the margin of the truncate style-apex. A.

macropus, Schlechter in Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xv. 68 not

elsewhere. Gomphocarpus affinis, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb, xx.

Beibl. 51, 27.

Kaxanart Region: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 985! Transvaal ; Crocodile

River, Burke! by the Bushmans Spruit, west of Lake Chrissie, Chamberlaine !

near Wilge River, 4600 ft., Schlechter, 3751! Ginsberg, Miss Pegler, 1051! near

Lydenburg, Wilms, 956! Modderfontein, Conrath, 991b! Witkleifontein, Burtt

Davy, 3126! White River Settlement, Burtt Davy, 1499! and without precise

locality, Sanderson !

Eastern Recion: Griqualand East; at the foot of Mount Malowe, 3000 ft.,

Tyson, 3118! Natal; Richmond, Krook, 816! Shafton, Howick, Mrs, Hutton, 402 ;

Umkomanzi River, Schlechter, 6682! Swaziland, between Carolina and Mbabane,

5000-5600 ft., Bolus, 12139! near Kings Kraal, Burtt Davy, 2921!

According to Miss Pegler the flowers are ‘‘ yellow and lilac,” whilst Dr. Schlechter

describes the corolla as greenish-white. In dried specimens the corolla appears to

be whitish, stained with purple on the back, and the corona brown or yellow-

brown, often dark purple at the base. A. affnis is very closely allied to and may

be only a variety of A. albens, but the usually more densely flowered umbels, and

particularly the oblong shape and usually upward slope of the top margin of the

corona-lobes seem constant characters whereby to distinguish them ; in Burtt Davy,

rey however, which otherwise agrees, the corona-lobes are almost truncate at

the top.

51. A. macropus (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 456); plant

branching at the base; stems decumbent, 6-16 in. long, rather

stout, unifariously puberulous and thinly hispidulous; leaves

spreading ; petiole 2-5 lin. long; blade 1-2} in. long, 10-15 lin.

broad, ovate, ovate-oblong or elliptic-oblong, acute, rounded or

cordate at the base, slightly scabrous or sparsely subhispid on both

sides, scabrous on the margins; umbels solitary, terminal, globose,

13-21 in. in diam., 12—30-flowered ; peduncle 3-6 in. long, stout,

pubescent along one side or subhispid all round; bracts } in. long,

lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acute, subhispid ; pedicels stout, 5-9

lin. long, subhispid ; sepals 24 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, more or

less keeled and the sides infolded at the tips, subhispid ; corolla-

lobes reflexed with upcurved tips, about 34 lin. long, 2 lin. broad,

712 ASCLEPIADES (Brown). [ Asclepias.

oblong-ovate, minutely notched at the obtusely pointed apex,

glabrous on both sides, apparently yellowish-green, suffused or

veined with purple-brown at the tips, often drying brown ; corona-

lobes arising 4-1 lin. up the staminal column, apparently yellow,

with the back and basal part brownish-purple, erect, 24-2} lin.

long, 1-1} lin. broad across the side of the complicate-cucullate

basal half, which is very oblique with narrow wing-like margins at

the base, has recurved margins at the top and is horizontally

produced into subulate teeth directed over the staminal column,

upper half dorsally produced into an oblong-lanceolate or ovate

obtuse erect blade, no tooth or process within ; staminal column

about 13 lin. long; anther-appendages suborbicular, inflexed over

and covering the truncate style-apex; anther-wings angular and

very projecting at the base. Gomphocarpus macropus, Schlechter in

Journ. Bot. 1894, 353.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; Belfast, Burtt Davy, 1284! 1815! Ermelo,

Burtt Davy, 984! High Veld, near Wonderfontein, 6000 ft., Bolus, 12140!

Caledonia, Lake Chrissie, Hamilton in Herb. Burtt Davy, 1174!

Eastern ReGion : Transkei ; Kreilis Country ; Bowker! Tembuland ; Engeobo

Mountain, 3800 ft., Bolus, 10211! near Xalanga, 4500 ft., Bolus, 10212! Natal,

4000-5000 ft. ; hill-sides at Lynedoch, Wood, 4544! near Mooi River, Wood,

5374! Dargle Farm, Fannin, 90!

Imperfectly known species.

52. A. concinna (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 456); stem

12-14 in. high, simple, slender, sparsely leafy, pilose ; leaves erect,

subequalling or a little longer than the internodes, 2-3} in. long,

1-14 lin. broad, linear, acute, narrowed into a very short petiole at

the base, with revolute margins, pilose on both sides ; umbels lateral

at the nodes or falsely terminal, pedunculate, 6-8-flowered ;

peduncle about 7 lin. long, erect, slender, pilose ; pedicels about half

as long as the peduncle, filiform, pilose ; sepals half as long as the

corolla, lanceolate, acute, pilose ; corolla-lobes spreading, } in. long;

scarcely 2 lin. broad, ovate, somewhat obtuse, silky-pilose, with

silky-villous margins, white ; corona-lobes erect, slightly exceeding

the staminal column, cucullate, obtuse, obliquely truncate at the

apex, with a small porrect tooth on the margin on each side above

the middle, inflexed upon the stigma (style-apex), greenish-brown ;

anther-appendages suborbicular, rounded, inflexed upon the stigma

(style-apex). Gomphocarpus concinnus, Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1895, 270.

Eastern Ructon : Griqualand East; near the Tina River, 4000 ft., Schlechter,

6418. Natal; without precise locality, Wood.

Only known to me by the above description.

53. A. depressa (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 455); plant

dwarf, branching at the base ; branches decumbent, 4-8 in. long;

Asclepias. | ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). 713

densely leafy, glabrescent ; leaves spreading or adpressed to the

ground, very shortly petiolate, 5-10 lin. long, 3-5 lin. broad above

the base, hastate-ovate or hastate-lanceolate, shortly acute, glabrous ;

umbel terminal, many-flowered ; peduncle much longer than the

leaves, glabrescent ; pedicels 5-74 lin. long, filiform, glabrescent or

thinly pilose ; sepals scarcely 2 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, puberu-

lous ; corolla-lobes spreading, twice as long as the calyx, ovate,

obtuse, dirty white and greenish ; corona-lobes about twice as long

as the staminal column, very shortly clawed at the base, ovate-

lanceolate in outline, obtuse, concave, each margin produced below

the middle into a short ascending tooth inflexed over the stigma

(style-apex), brownish ; anther-appendages broadly ovate, obtuse,

inflexed upon the stigma (style-apex) ; follicles 3 in. long, 34 lin.

thick, fusiform, smooth, glabrous. Gomphocarpus depressus,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 29.

Katanart Recron: Transvaal; Elandspruit Mountains, 7000 ft., Schlechter,

3835.

From the description this does not appear to be distinct from A. multicaulis,

Schlechter, but as Dr. Schlechter is well acquainted with that species I hesitate to

unite them.

54. A. multiflora (N. E. Br.); stem branching from the base ;

branches terete or compressed, erect, pubescent; leaves ovate-

oblong, obtuse, subhastate or truncate at the base, with revolute

margins, pubescent on both sides ; peduncles lateral at the nodes at

the apex of the branches, several-flowered, and together with the

pedicels whitish-puberulous; corona-lobes cuneate at the back,

3-lobed, with the inner (middle?) lobe acuminate, inflexed, arched,

lateral lobes obsolete, equalling the staminal column. Gomphocarpus

multiflorus, Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 560.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, in the Paris Herbarium.

Stated to have the habit of Schizoglossum bidens, E, Meyer, but with lateral

(not terminal) peduncles,

55. A. sabulosa (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 454); stems

erect or subdecumbent, 9-12 in. high, simple ; leaves somewhat

crowded, erectly spreading, 14-3} in. long, linear-filiform, acute,

with revolute margins, glabrous; umbels with long peduncles,

scarcely overtopping the leaves, about 4-flowered; pedicels much

longer than the calyx; sepals 1 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute,

pilose ; corolla-lobes 24 lin. long, spreading, ovate, obtuse, concave,

pilose on the back, glabrous on the inner face; corona-lobes

cucullate, shortly 3-toothed at the apex, with the lateral teeth

smaller; anthers oblong, with obtuse inflexed membranous tips ;

stigma (style-apex) depressed. Gomphocarpus arenarius, Schlechter

in Abhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxxv. 52.

Coast Region: Tulbagh Div.; at the foot of Mosterts Berg, 800 ft.,

Schlechter, 533.

714 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Asclepias.

56. A. Schlechteri (N. E. Br.); stem about 2 ft. high, 1 lin.

thick at the base, simple, glabrous; leaves sessile, 2-4 in. long,

1 lin. broad, linear, scabrous on the revolute margins, otherwise

glabrous ; umbels lateral at the nodes, pedunculate, several-flowered ;

peduncles 1-1} in. long ; pedicels 4} lin. long; sepals 2 lin. long,

subulate, puberulous ; corolla-lobes about } in. long, oblong, obtuse,

fimbriolate on the upper part, clear green ; corona-lobes much over-

topping the style-apex, 3} lin. long, subulate, with the apex inflexed,

dark purple red, with a pair of acute white wings on the inner face ;

staminal column 14-1} lin. long. Gomphocarpus Schlechteri, K.

Schum. in. Engl. Jahrb. xxxiii. 325.

Eastern Recon: Pondoland; between Roskowe and Canham, Bachmann,

1083.

This appears (from description) to be very similar to A, expansa, Schlechter,

and may prove to be that species.

57. A. villosa (Mill. Dict. ed. 8, no. 14); stem fruticose ; leaves

lanceolate, acute, covered on both sides with short hairs ; umbel

solitary, erect (probably terminal), small, loose ; flowers white.

Soutn Arrica, ex Miller.

A specimen from Miller’s Herbarium named ‘A. villosa” in the British

mop ty he A. physocarpa, Schlechter, and does not agree with Miller’s description

of A, villosa.

Asclepias nivea, Burm. f. Prodr. Cap. 7, is the same as A. nivea, Linn. Sp.

Pl. ed. i, 215, and is not a native of South Africa but of the West Indies.

Lagarinthus tenuis, Meisn. in Hook. London Journ. Bot. ii. 1848, 543 (by

error 443), and Krauss in Flora, 1844, 826, not of E. Meyer, is only noted as

follows :—‘‘ Our specimens differ from Droge’s only in having many-flowered

umbels, and the corolla turned down.” I have not seen it. Possibly it may be

the same as A. filiformis, Benth. ; but is stated to have been collected by Krauss

near Swellendam, where A. filiformis is not known to occur.

GomrHocarrus uNDULATUS (Turez. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 1848, i. 259, not

of Schlechter) ; stem dwarf, firm; lower leaves obovate, obtuse, mucronulate,

tapering into the petiole, upper leaves oblong, tapering at both ends, acute, wavy

on the margin ; umbels lateral and terminal, pedunculate, 6-7-flowered ; corolla

connivent ; corona-lobes equalling the staminal column, connate at the base,

concave-carinate, winged-dentate on the margin, with the teeth directed inwards,

terminated by a short somewhat obtuse apiculus.

Coast Reaion: Alexandria Div.; Oliphants Hoek forest, below 300 ft.,

Ecklon, 36.

I think it probable that this plant will prove to be Woodia mucronia,

N. E. Br., and therefore refrain from giving it a new name under Asclepias.

XIX. PACHYCARPUS, E. Meyer.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla 5-lobed, subglobose, cup-shaped, rotate

or reflexed ; lobes overlapping in bud. Corona of 5 lobes arising at

or near the base of the staminal column, usually long and flattened

dorsally beneath or at least beyond the keels, never complicate-

eee,

Pachycarpus.| ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). 715

cucullate, very spreading, or spreading at the base with erect or

incurved tips, rarely wholly erect and then with reflexed sides and a

single keel down the face, usually with a pair of contiguous often

fleshy keels or a longitudinally fissured fleshy hump at the base and

prolonged beyond into a linear, lanceolate, dilated or 3-lobed blade,

occasionally reduced to the keels or hump only, rarely keeled to the

apex or without keels. Staminal column arising from the bottom of

the corolla, often with the filament part undeveloped, very broadly

conical from the anther-wings being very broad and projecting at

the base, or pentagonally cylindric with them less developed.

Anthers with terminal membranous appendages. Pollen-masses

solitary in each anther-cell, pendulous, attached in pairs to the

pollen-carriers by well developed caudicles. Style truncate,

excavated, 5-lobed or produced into a beak or column at the apex.

Follicles solitary (in all the specimens seen), coriaceous, stoutly

fusiform or ovoid-fusiform, very obtuse, winged, at least on the

upper part, sometimes toothed or echinate along the wings. Seeds

crowned with a tuft of hairs.

Erect perennial herbs ; rootstock probably tuberous or of thick fleshy roots ;

leaves opposite ; flowers in pairs or in pedunculate 2- to several-flowered umbels,

lateral at. the upper nodes and terminal, large or of moderate size.

Disrris. Species 27, one extending into and another endemic to Tropical

Africa,

Although Pachycarpus was established by E. Meyer as long ago as 1837, it has

not been recognised as a distinct genus by other authors, probably because

E. Meyer based the generic characters chiefly upon the fruit, and included some

species that belong to other genera. Different authors have united it variously

with Gomphocarpus, Asclepias or Xysmalobium, but (as it appears to me) without

sufficient investigation, since the very different coronal structure, different character

of the whole flower and fruit, united to the different habit of almost all the species,

are, I think, sufficient to warrant its retention as a distinct genus, which can moreover

be very easily recognised by the general appearance alone. /. Gerrardi, however,

is so closely simulated by Asclepias macra, that dried specimens cannot be dis-

tinguished without dissection, when the former is seen to have the spreading

dorsally flattened (but keeled) corona-lobes of Pachycarpus, and the latter the

characteristic erect Jaterally compressed complicate-cucullate corona-lobes of

Asclepias. For convenience I have used the term keels throughout for all the

keel modifications or processes upon the base of the corona-lobes.

_ * Leaf-blade 4-24 in. broad, 7 (rarely 10) times as long

as broad, elliptic, oblong, lanceolate, linear-lanceolate

or linear-oblong :

Corolla lobed to the middle or slightly beyond, large,

globose, yellow or greenish, with or without purple- :

_ brown spots ... Ae a ee ae .-. (21) grandiflorus.

Corolla lobed at least to 2 of the way down, often nearly

\\ to the base :

Corona-lobes erect, oblong, with reflexed sides form-

ing a single keel down the inner face and a

linear tooth on each side at the base spreading ae

out under the anther-wings es ses «» (1) Galpinii.

Corona-lobes abruptly incurved from a spreading

base, with erect tips, linear or slightly dilated at

the 1-2 lin. broad tips, without keels... ... (14) dealbatus,

716 ASCLEPIADEA: (Brown). [ Pachycarpus.

Corona-lobes erect from a short spreading base, with

very slight or inconspicuous keels :

Terminal part of corona-lobes dilated into an

orbicular-rhomboid or broadly cuneate entire

or 3-lobed blade, dark chocolate ae ... (2) rigidus.

Terminal part of corona-lobes dilated into a

lanceolate to subhastate-lanceolate blade, light

brown when dried... on ‘ee ..- (10) macrochilus.

Corona-lobes horizontally spreading, about twice as

long as deep, narrowly lanceolate, deeply com-

plicate-boat-shaped from the keels extending to

the apex .. i ia bee an ... (20) coronarius.

Corona-lobes consisting of a pair of fleshy keels or a

deeply fissured hump standing upon a recurved

spreading base, not prolonged into a blade

beyond them or only into a small or subulate

point ; corolla-lobes reflexed or revolute :

Sepals 34-44 lin. long, about 2 lin. broad, lanceolate

2 ovate-lanceolate ; corolla-lobes about 7 lin.

we 6 Fee eae :

Sepals 6-7 lin. long, 3-34 lin. broad, ovate ;

corolla-lobes 9-11 lin. long ea we» (7) validus.

Corona-lobes with a pair of very prominent or large

contiguous keels or a deeply fissured hump at

the base and prolonged beyond them into an

erect spreading or much incurved linear, lanceo-

late or variably dilated blade :

Corolla reflexed nearly straight back from the

base ; terminal part of the corona-lobes dilated

into a thin lanceolate to suborbicular blade

(6) inconstans.

2-4 lin. broad :

Keels or basal hump on the corona-lobes higher

than broad viewed sideways eae ... (A) reflectens.

Keels or basal hump on the corona-lobes broader

than high viewed sideways... ve ... (5) appendiculatus.

Corolla reflexed-spreading (not straight back) fro *

the base ; terminal part of the corona-lobes

linear or linear-spathulate, 3-1 lin. broad ... (8) scaber.

Corolla not wholly reflexed ; lobes campanulately

spreading to slightly incurved, or in

P. natalensis with the basal half reflexed-

spreading and the apical half curved upwards,

sometimes with the tips spreading to revolute :

Corona-lobes linear, replicate and not dilated

at the incurved tips, with the rather dwarf

keels extending from their base to beyond

the middle and then excurrent at the

margins we re we wee eee (19) McKenii.

Corona-lobes with the keels or deeply fissured

hump rarely extending to the middle

(usually to 3-3) of the lobe :

Keels on the corona-lobes subfaleate or 4

obliquely oblong with their tips directed

backwards :

Blade of the corona-lobes 3-lobed, 3-54 lin.

broad across the side lobes when spread :

out eer eee eer eee ore (11) vexillaris.

Pachycarpus.] ASCLEPIADE& (Brown), 717

Blade of the corona-lobes linear or linear-

lancevlate, truncate, 1 lin. broad... (12) stenoglossus.

Keels or fissured hump on the corona-lobes

with the tips erect or directed inwards ;

blade of the lobe not or (in P. concolor)

rarely slightly and obtusely 3-lobed :

Flowers in pairs or the lower in 2-flowered

pedunculate maple lateral at the

nodes... a ea .» (15) concolor.

Flowers usually 3-4 eit kk at

the nodes; peduncle none; corona-

lobes dilated above the middle into an

ovate blade :

Corona-lobes scarcely dilated at the base,

with the narrow keels not con-

spicuously folded ; magne Meh

llin. long... sae .. (8) natalensis.

Corona-lobes dilated into distinct deltoid

auricles at the base, with the narrow

keels conspicuously folded longi-

tudinally ; anther-wings 13 lin. long (9) plicatus.

Flowers in pedunculate usually 3-6-flowered

umbels :

Corona-lobes dilated and concave or hood-

like at the tips, white or pale yellow

with a violet-purple stripe ... ... (13) schinzianus,

Corona-lobes not dilated into concave or

hood-like tips :

Corona-lobes dark purple-brown :

_ Leaves scabrous with short points (no

hairs) on both sides; keels or

hump on the corona-lobes large (16) transvaalensis,

Leaves scabrous-pubescent with hairs

on both sides ; keels or hump on :

the corona-lobes rather small ... (17) insignis.

Corona-lobes whitish or yellowish ... (18) decorus.

** Leaf-blade 4-4 in. broad, 12-24 times as long as peouid:

linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate ; corolla subglobose,

pubescent outside :

Style-apex produced into a beak much beyond the

anther-appendages, with 5 small connivent lobes

at the apex ... .. (25) rostratus.

Style-apex shortly secede the tains

very large, divided into 5 lobes 14-14 lin. tee

stellately radiating .. hes . (26) stelliceps.

Style-apex shorter than os more or less es by she

anther-appendages, truncate or excavated, crenate

or very shortly 5-lobed :

Corolla lobed to 2 of the way down ; anther-appen-

dages 3-34 lin. long; corona-lobes seauuniees

erect edna the middie... se uae .» (22) linearis,

Corolla not lobed beyond the middle ; ba GBT

oe : corona-lobes horizontally

long ;

718 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). | Pachycarpus.

Corolla 1}-2 in. in diam., with lobes 7-13 lin.

long ; corona-lobes 34-73 lin. long -.. (23) campanulatus.

Corolla 3-1 in. in diam., with lobes 4-5 lin.

long ; corona-lobes 13-8 lin. long ... ... (23) campanulatus,

var.

Umbels 8-13-flowered ; corolla 7-8 lin. in diam.,

with lobes 3--8} lin. long ; corona-lobes about

2 lin. long ; anther-appendages # lin. long... (24) Gerrardi.

1. P. Galpinii (N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 377);

stem 10-12 in. high, simple, stout, glabrous or nearly so ; leaves

erectly spreading, 1}~2} in. long, 10-16 lin. broad, oblong or elliptic-

oblong, obtuse, or rounded at both ends, apiculate, slightly scabrous

on both sides, more scabrous at the margins ; petiole about 4 in.

long ; umbels lateral at the nodes, 3-5-flowered ; peduncle 1-2 in.

long; puberulous along one side; pedicels about 3 lin. long,

puberulous on one side ; sepals 3} lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad, ovate,

acute, pubescent; corolla broadly and _ shortly cup-shaped, about

7-8 lin. in diam., the united part about 2 lin. long ; lobes 4 lin.

long, 3} lin. broad, ovate, concave at the lower part, recurved or

revolute at the obtuse or emarginate tips, glabrous on the inner

face, minutely and thinly pubescent on the back, apparently dull

purple-brown at the basal part, yellowish-green at the apical part ;

corona-lobes erect, much overtopping the style-apex, dark purple-

brown, 24-3 lin. long, 14-13 lin. broad, oblong, with reflexed sides,

forming an acute channel down the back, notched at the obtuse

apex and prominently keeled down the inner face, with a small

linear tooth 4-3 lin. long on each side at the base, spreading under

the anther-wings close to the corolla ; staminal column about 2 lin.

long; anther-appendages large, cordate-ovate, obtuse, inflexed upon

and nearly covering the depressed-truncate style-apex. Gompho-

carpus Galpinii, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 18.

Asclepias Galpinii, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 455.

Kaanart Recion: Transvaal; Saddleback Mountain, near Barberton, 3000-

4500 ft., Galpin, 692a !

Eastern Rraron; Swaziland; High Veld, near Mbabane, 4700 ft., Bolus,

12129! 12136!

2. P. rigidus (E. Meyer, Comm. 211) ; stem 4-2 ft. high, simple,

stout, nearly glabrous or somewhat scabrous ; leaves opposite or 2

in a whorl, ascending or somewhat spreading ; petiole 2-4 lin. long; —

blade 13-34 in. long, }-1} in. broad, lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate or

ovate, acute or attenuately acute, wavy on the margins, rigidly

scabrous on the edges and midrib beneath, otherwise glabrous ;

umbels lateral at the nodes, sessile or the lowest pedunculate,

5-6-flowered; pedicels about 5 lin. long, somewhat roughly

pubescent ; sepals about equalling the corolla, 4-5 lin. long, Fo

2 lin. broad, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate,

pubescent ; corolla subglobose, lobed nearly to the base ; lobes 45-5 |

Pachycarpus. | ASCLEPIADES (Brown). 719

lin. long, 24-3 lin. broad, erect, with spreading tips, ovate or

elliptic-ovate, acute from the margins being revolute, concave at

the lower part, glabrous on both sides, apparently pale-greenish,

stained with purple-brown on the back ; corona-lobes about 34-4 lin.

long, erect, slightly curved, linear at the basal part, without keels

or crests on the inner face, dilated in the upper half into a flat erect

blade, 2-24 lin. long, 24-3 lin. broad, orbicular-rhomboid, entire or

slightly trilobulate, usually very obtuse, rarely acute, cuneate at the

base, dark chocolate-coloured ; staminal column 2-24 lin. long;

anther-appendages broadly ovate, acute, closely inflexed over the

crenate rim of the crater-like style-apex ; anther-wings slightly more

than 1 lin. long, broadest at the base, with straight margins ;

follicles solitary, in the immature specimen seen, 3 in. long, 1 in.

thick, narrowly ellipsoid-fusiform, nearly equally narrowed at each

end, subacute, broadly 6-winged, glabrous. Xysmalobium rigidum,

Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 902. Gomphocarpus rigidus, Deene in DC. Prodr.

viii, 563. Asclepias rigida, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl.

54, 9, and in Journ Bot. 1895, 357 and 1896, 453.

Var. 8, tridens (E. Meyer, l.c.); blade of the corona-lobes very broadly

cuneate, 3-lobed at the top; lateral lobes horizontal or very slightly ascending,

obtuse or rounded; middle lobes 4-1} lin. long, transverse to linear, obtuse,

incurved or erect ; oth¢rwise as in the type. Gomphocarpus rigidus, var. tridens,

Deene in DC. Prodr, viii. 563. ~~

Coast Recion: Var. 8: Queenstown Div. ; Lesseyton Nek, 3800-4000 ft.,

Galpin, 2277!

CrnTRAL Raion: Tarkastad Div. ; Wildschuts Berg, Drége! Aliwal North

Div. ; Elands Hoek, near Aliwal North, Bolus, 10496! 10555! Var. 8: Aliwal

North Diy. ; at the foot of the Witte Bergen, Drége, 6393 !

Katanari Recion: Orange River Colony; near Bethlehem, Bolus, 8116!

Basutoland ; Matelas Peak, Thode, 34! Transvaal ; Mooi River, Burke! between

New Denmark and Morganson, Burtt Davy, 1004! Ermelo Road, Burtt Davy, 958

(including var. 8)! Var. 8: Orange River Colony; Bethlehem, Richardson /

Transvaal; Witkleifontein, Burtt Davy, 3122!

Drége’s localities are copied from the original labels in the Herbarium of

E. Meyer, who has transposed them in his Commentariorum, p. 211.

3. P. scaber (N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 377) ; stem

1-2 ft. high, 2-4 lin. thick, glabrous or slightly scabrous ; leaves

shortly petiolate, 2-3} in. long, }-2} in, broad, oblong, elliptic-

oblong or elliptic-ovate, obtuse, apiculate, rounded or very broadly

cuneate at the base, glabrous above, more or less scabrous beneath,

very scabrous at the margins ; umbels 1—4, subcorymbose at the top

of the stem, 5—8-flowered ; peduncles 1-1} in. long, more or less

scabrous or almost glabrous ; bracts about } in. long, linear or linear-

subulate, acute ; pedicels 3-1 in. long, scabrous ; sepals about } in.

long, 2-2} lin. broad, ovate, acute, scabrous ; corolla-lobes reflexed-

spreading, about 5 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, ovate, minutely notched at

the obtuse apex, glabrous on both sides, revolute along the margins,

white (Wood, and Tyson), primrose-yellow (Bolus) ; corona-lobes

arising at the base of the staminal column, 4-5} lin. long, white or

720 ASCLEPIADEA: (Brown). [ Pachycarpus.

yellow, dilated into 2 deltoid rounded auricles or transversely

rhomboid at the horizontally spreading base, which is concave

beneath, then abruptly contracted into a linear or linear-spathulate

blade 2-1 lin. broad and subacute, obtuse, emarginate or more

or less 3-lobed or 3-toothed at the apex, channelled down

the back, convex or keeled down the inner face and abruptly

incurved over the style-apex, with 2 erect contiguous keels 1-1}

lin. high and broad on the basal part, straight on the inner,

rounded on the dorsal margin, obtuse ; staminal column 2 lin. long ;

anther-appendages orbicular-reniform, very obtuse, inflexed on the

rim of the depressed style-apex ; follicles solitary, about 34 in. long,

13 in. thick, ovoid, obtuse, more or less winged at the upper part,

coriaceous, glabrous. Gomphocarpus scaber, Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 58,

t. 192; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 37. Asclepias

scabra, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 454, and Ann. Naturhist.

Hofmus. Wien, xv. 68.

Kananart Recon: Transvaal; Endholixana, near Piet Retief, Lady Barkly,

2! Elandspruit Mountains, 6200 ft., Schlechter, 3877.

Eastern Recion : Griqualand East ; around Clydesdale, T'yson, 2165 ! Natal ;

Inanda, Wood, 178! 468! Greenwich Farm, Riet Vlei, Fry in Herb. Galpin,

2745 ! Umkomanzi Valley, Krook, 821 (ex Schlechter). Zululand, Gerrard, 1285 !

Swaziland ; Middel Veld. between Mbabane and Bremersdorp, 2600 ft., Bolus,

12124! High Veld, between Mbabane and Oshoek, 5000 ft., Bolus, 12125!

between Bremersdorp and MacNabs store, Burtt Davy, 2932!

4. P. reflectens (E. Meyer, Comm. 210); stem 1-1} ft. high,

simple, stout, bifariously puberulous and more or less scabrous ;

leaves ascending or spreading ; petiole 1—4 lin. long ; blade 13-3 mm.

long, }-1} in. broad, lanceolate, ovate or oblong, or the uppermost

linear or linear-lanceolate, scabrous on both sides and at the

margins or glabrous above ; umbels lateral at the nodes and

terminal, sessile or the lowest pedunculate, 2-3-flowered ; peduncle

0—} in. long, pubescent and scabrous ; bracts 3—4 lin. long, linear-

subulate, deciduous; pedicels }—1 in. long, harshly pubescent ;

sepals 4-5 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, roughly

pubescent ; corolla-lobes always reflexed nearly straight-back,

5-8 lin. long, rather narrowly lanceolate-attenuate from the very

revolute margins, but oblong and 3}~4 lin. broad when flattened

out, acute, slightly scabrous-pubescent on the back or glabrous on

both sides, apparently pale-greenish or greenish-white, usually

spotted with purple ; corona-lobes 34-5 lin. long ; basal part

horizontally spreading from the base of the staminal column, claw-

like, dilated at the very base, bearing 2 erect closely contiguous

oblong or subfaleate-oblong lobes always higher than proad, 1-2 lin.

high, 3-1 lin. broad ; terminal part dilated into an orbicular-ovate

or transversely elliptic erect blade 24-3} lin. long, 3-4 lin. broad,

obtuse, or retuse with a short inflexed linear apical point, broadly

rounded or subtruncate at the base ; staminal column about 3 lin.

long ; anther-appendages rather large, ovate, obtuse, with the sides

Pachycarpus. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 721

folded back, loosely incurved over (in fresh flowers probably inflexed

upon) and nearly concealing the style-apex ; anther-wings 13—2 lin.

long, much produced at the base, concave on the margin. LP. reflexus,

Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2, ii. 245. Gomphocarpus reflectens, Decne in

DC. Prodr. viii. 563; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl.

45, 9. Xysmalobium reflectens, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 902. Asclepias

reflectens, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54,9; Journ. Bot.

1896, 453, and Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xv. 68.

Coast Reeron: Stockenstrom Div.; Kat Berg, 3500 ft., MacOwan, 860!

Galpin, 1712 ! Queenstown Div. ; damp places by the Zwartkei River and on the

Winter Berg, Mrs. Barber, 594! Komgha Div. ; near Komgha, Flanaghan, 16 !

Krook, 797, 803 (ex Schlechter).

Eastern Recion : Transkei; near Gekau (Geua) River (ex Drége, but according

to FE. Meyer between Fish River and Kap River in Bathurst Div.) Drége, 4934!

Kreilis Country, Bowker! near Colossa, Krook, 809 (ex Schlechter).

Very similar to P. appendiculatus and perhaps only a variety of that species, the

flowers however are rather smaller and have a somewhat narrower appearance,

whilst the fleshy keels on the base of the corona-lobes, viewed sideways, are

always higher than broad. The fruit. in E. Meyer’s Herbarium, described as

pyramidal, is less than 1 in. long and far too young to determine its mature shape.

Drége’s 4934 is E. Meyer's type, but another specimen, collected by Drége

between Zandplaat and Komgha, and named ‘* reflectens?’’ by E. Meyer, is

P. appendiculatus. ‘

5. P. appendiculatus (E. Meyer, Comm. 210); stem 3-1} ft.

high, simple, stout, varying from nearly glabrous to bifariously

puberulous and more or less scabrous ; leaves spreading or ascend-

ing ; petiole 1-4 lin. long; blade 14-34 in. long, 3-1} in. broad,

varying from narrowly oblong or oblong-lanceolate to elliptic, acute,

or obtuse and shortly apiculate, rounded or cuneate at the base,

more or less scabrous beneath or on both sides, very scabrous on the

margins ; umbels lateral at the nodes and terminal, sessile or the

lowest pedunculate, 2-3-flowered ; peduncle 0—3 in. long, pubescent

or scabrous ; bracts 2—4 lin. long, linear-subulate, very deciduous ;

pedicels 4-1} in, long, scabrous or scabrous-pubescent on one side ;

sepals 44-54 lin. long, 2-24 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate,

acute or acuminate, scabrous-pubescent ; corolla-lobes varying from

recurved-spreading to reflexed straight back, 7-9 lin. long, 4—7 lin.

broad when flattened out, oblong-lanceolate, elliptic-oblong or ovate,

acute, usually nearly straight with very revolute margins, but

sometimes rolled back from the tips, glabrous on both sides,

apparently greenish white or light green on the inner face, often

spotted with dark purple-brown on the back and sometimes on the

inner face also ; corona-lobes 6-8 lin. long, spreading from the base

of the staminal column at the elliptic or subquadrately rhomboid

basal part, which is about 2 lin. broad and in fresh flowers seems

formed of a fleshy ellipsoid mass with a cut-like longitudinal fissure,

but in dried flowers appears to bear 2 erect parallel closely-con-

tiguous wing-like keels always as broad or broader than high, 1}-2

lin. high, 14-3 lin. broad, beyond which the lobe narrows into an

VOL. IV,—SECT. 1.—PART V. 3A

722 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Pachycarpus.

upeurved claw, then expands into a lanceolate, ovate, elliptic or

suborbicular blade 3—7 lin. long, 2—4 lin. broad, acute, acuminate or

more or less retuse and cuspidate with a linear point at the apex,

cuneate or subtruncate at the base, entire or crenulate, abruptly

ineurved or arched over the basal keels and with the sides more or

less folded back; staminal column 34-44 lin. long ; anther-appen-

dages rather large, ovate, obtuse, inflexed upon or in dried flowers

loosely arching over the top of the style-apex ; anther-wings 24 lin.

long, much produced at the base, concave along the margin ;

follicles solitary, subglobose or ellipsoid, very obtuse, narrowly

winged, glabrous, very thick and spongy, 1}-in. long, 14 in. thick in

the immature specimen seen in E. Meyer’s Herbarium. Gomphocarpus

appendiculatus, Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 562 ; Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 39. G. macroglossus, Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Nat.

Mose. 1848, i. 259. Xysmalobium appendiculatum, Dietr. Syn. Pi. ii.

902. Asclepias appendiculata, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl.

54,5; and Journ. Bot. 1896, 452.

Coast Recion: Bedford Div.; near Bedford, Mrs. Hutton! East London

Div. ; near East London, 100 ft., Wood in Herb. Galpin, 3386! Komgha Div. ;

near Komgha, 2000 ft., Flanagan, 1239! British Kaffraria, Mrs. Hutton !

Eastern Recon: Tembuland ; near Morley, Drége, 4933 ! Pondoland ; near

Isinuka, atthe mouth of St. Johns River, Bolus, 10207! Natal ; Krantz Kloof,

1400 ft., Schlechter, 3216. Zululand, Gerrard, 1286! Swaziland ; near Bremers-

dorp, Burtt Davy, 2936 ! 3065! between Bremersdorp and Mbabane (Embabaan),

2500 ft., Bolus, 12122! near Mafutane, 1500 ft., Bolus, 12126!

The Bremersdorp specimen (Burtt Davy, 3065) may possibly be a hybrid

between P. appendiculatus and P. validus, the foliage and corolla much resembling

the latter, whilst the corona is like that of P. appendiculatus.

6. P. inconstans (N. E. Br.); stem simple, 1-2 ft. high, stout,

more or less scabrous along 2 broad lines, sometimes nearly smooth ;

leaves spreading ; petiole 2-4 lin. long; blade of the middle and

lower leaves 14-31 in. long, 3-1} in. broad, oblong or lanceolate,

acute, or obtuse and apiculate, cuneate or rounded at the base,

scabrous on the margins and thinly so on both sides or nearly or

quite smooth above; umbels sessile or the lower pedunculate,

lateral at the nodes, 5—6- (rarely 7-10-) flowered ; peduncle 0-10 lin.

long, scabrous on one side; bracts 2}—4 lin. long, very deciduous,

linear, acute ; pedicels 2-1 in. long, more or less scabrous ; sepals

34-41 lin. long, 1$-2 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, somewhat

acuminate, pubescent, ciliate ; corolla-lobes about 7 lin. long, 3}—-

4} lin. broad, reflexed, oblong or ovate-oblong, obtusely pointed,

revolute along the margins, twisted, glabrous on both sides or thinly

pubescent on the back, often slightly rugulose (perhaps from

shrinkage in drying) on the inner face ; corona-lobes very variable,

seated at the base of the staminal column, 14-34 lin. long, usually

consisting of 2 contiguous erect fleshy keels, varying from less than

half as high to as high as the anthers, in side view broader than high

or higher than broad, very obtuse or obliquely acute, arising from

an ovate or lanceolate recurved-spreading base, which is more or less

Pachycarpus. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 723

concave beneath and sometimes almost pointless, sometimes with a

short recurving point, sometimes with a slender linear upcurved

point 2-3 lin. long, with a small tooth on each side near the middle,

and sometimes the keels are absent and the lobes are small, spread-

ing, scarcely projecting beyond the anther-wings, ovate or oblong-

ovate, recurved at the shortly pointed apex, fleshy, with a cut-like

groove along the upper face and apparently somewhat rib-striate ;

staminal column 24 lin. long; anther-appendages ovate, acute,

loosely inflexed over and concealing the style-apex, which sometimes

(always?) has a central cavity; follicles not seen. P. concolor,

Meisn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1843, 544 (by error 444) ; Krauss

in Flora, 1844, 826, not of E. Meyer.

Coast Reaion : Komgha Div. ; hill near Keimouth, Flanagan, 757 !

EasteRN Recion : Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker! Pondoland ; hills near

Port St. John, 300-1000 ft., Flanagan! and in Herb. Bolus, 10205! Galpin,

3195 ! 3196! 3445! Natal; margins of woods near Durban Bay, Krauss, 83!

Inanda, Wood, 1075!

The variability of the corona-lobes of this plant would seem to indicate that it

may be a hybrid between P. reflectens and one or more other allied species. It is

closely related to P. validus, but is not so tall, and has much smaller flowers and

narrower leaves. ‘

7. P. validus (N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 377);

stem 24-34 ft. high, stout, simple, finely scabrous, leafy to the base ;

leaves numerous, spreading ; petiole 1} in. long ; blade 25-4} in.

long, 1-24 in. broad, oblong, very obtuse or subtruncately rounded

at the apex, apiculate, rounded in and cuneately tapering into the

petiole at the base, scabrous on both sides and on the margins ;

umbels lateral at the nodes, sessile or the lower pedunculate, usually

4-flowered ; peduncles 0-3 in. long ; pedicels 1-1} in. long, finely

scabrous ; sepals about 7 lin. long, 3} lin. broad, ovate, acuminate,

finely scabrous; corolla-lobes sometimes reflexed and obliquely

revolute or twisted, sometimes apparently spreading at the basal

part then shortly upcurved, with the apical half closely and

obliquely revolute, forming a somewhat bolster-like rim toa shallow cup,

when unrolled 9-11 lin. long and 5-6 lin. broad, ovate or lanceolate,

acute or obtusely pointed, subglabrous or inconspicuously scaberulous

on the back, rugulose with a very minute velvet-like surface on the

inner face, but glabrous to the eye, apparently greenish-white,

sometimes tinted, with purple; corona-lobes consisting of 2 con-

tiguous erect wing-like (probably fleshy) keels on the upper face of

a lanceolate acute lobe 24 lin. long, 1} lin. broad, spreading from

the base of the staminal column and recurved at the apex ; keels

about } in. long, 14-2 lin. high, with the outer margins curving

from the apex of the straight vertical puberulous margins next the

anthers outwards and downwards to the recurved point, probably

white ; staminal column }~} in. long; anther-appendages ovate,

subobtuse, half-inflexed over the margin of the flat pentagonal

style-apex. Gomphocarpus validus, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii.

Beibl. 45, 20. Asclepias valida, Schlechter in Journ. re 1896, 455.

A 2

724 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). | Pachycarpus.

Katanart Recron: Transvaal ; grassy slopes at the base of mountains extend-

ing from Barberton to Avoca, 2000-2800 ft., Galpin, 707! White River Settle-

ment, Burtt Davy, 1500!

8. P. natalensis (N. E. Br.); plant 14-1} ft. high, in stem,

habit and general character of the leaves and inflorescence like

P. appendiculatus, with the following differences ; leaves usually

broader, 13-2? in. long, 1-2 in. broad, oblong or elliptic, very

obtuse or slightly retuse, apiculate, obtuse or very broadly cuneate

at the base ; umbels sessile, usually 3—4-flowered ; pedicels 4—} in.

long ; sepals 6-7 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, rather

coarsely pubescent, ciliate ; corolla-lobes apparently reflexed-spreading

at the basal part with the terminal half upcurved, 7-8 lin. long, 5—6

lin. broad, ovate or elliptic-ovate, obtusely pointed, slightly concave or

nearly flat, thinly pubescent on the back, glabrous on the inner

face, green, spotted with purple-brown (Wood) ; corona-lobes 4-5

lin. long, with the basal part spreading, claw-like, scarcely or very

slightly dilated and 1-11 lin. broad at the very base, bearing 2 erect

parallel subcontiguous oblong wing-like (or perhaps fleshy when

alive) keels 1} lin. high and 3 lin. broad, obliquely acute to

truncate at their tips, with the inner and dorsal margins nearly

parallel, and the inner margins with a narrow wing on the outer

side extending to the broadest part of the claw, which at a short

distance beyond the keels abruptly expands into an ovate or sub-

cordate-ovate acute blade about } in. long and broad, flat, inflexed

over the claw and keels, apparently purple-brown with whitish

keels ; staminal column about 24 lin. long; anther-appendages

large, 14 lin. long, ovate-acute, with the margins much folded back,

loosely incurved over and much above the style-apex ; anther-wings

1 lin. long, with concave outer margins; follicles solitary, horizontally

spreading, 34 in. long, 11 in. in diam. in the immature specimen

seen, stoutly fusiform-ellipsoid, obtuse with 4 entire wings 14-2 lin.

broad, glabrous.

Eastern Recon: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 470! 1420! Intshanga, Wood, 6641 !

parser het Farm, Riet Vlei, Fry in Herb. Galpin, 2744! Dargle Farm,

‘annin, 35!

Probably Wilms 2135, collected near Pietermaritzburg, belongs to this species,

but I have not dissected it. Dr. Schlechter in various Herbaria has included this

plant under P. appendiculatus, from which it is entirely different in floral

structure.

9. P. plicatus (N. E. Br.); stem 8-15 in. high, simple or

sparingly branched at the base, scabrous or subscaberulous along

2 broad lines; leaves ascending or ascending-spreading ; petiole

2-6 lin. long ; blade 14-3 in. long, 3-1} in. broad, elongated oblong

or oblong-lanceolate to elliptic-oblong or elliptic-ovate, shortly acute

or obtuse or broadly rounded and apiculate at the apex, rounded to

somewhat broadly cuneate at the base, scabrous to thinly scabrous-

pubescent on both sides, densely so on thie margins and midrib

Pachycar pus. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 725

beneath ; flowers in 2-4 clusters of 2—4, lateral at the uppermost

nodes ; pedicels 4—7 lin. long, scabrous ; sepals 5-6} lin. long, 2-2}

lin. broad, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate,

pubescent ; corolla lobed nearly to the base; lobes campanulately

spreading, concave, with recurved or spreading tips, 7-8 lin, long,

4—5 lin. broad, ovate or lanceolate-ovate, acute, thinly pubescent on

the back, glabrous on the inner face, yellow (or in dried flowers

apparently whitish) spotted on the back with dark violet ; corona-

lobes 5-6 lin. long, with the basal half claw-like, abruptly dilated

into ascending-spreading deltoid obtuse auricles at the base and

there 17-2 lin. broad, bearing 2 erect thin longitudinally folded

sublinear keels 14-1} lin. high and 3-1 lin. broad at the base

narrowing upwards to the truncate or emarginate apex, with the

halves (from the fold) directed outwards contiguous at the top,

gaping below, and the other halves placed nearly at right-angles

to them and extending to the tips of the auricles, apparently

yellowish ; beyond the keels the margins of the claw incurve,

forming a channel or sometimes almost a tube, and the terminal

part of the lobe is dilated into an ovate acute concave blade 2}—3

lin. long, 24 lin. broad, apparently incurved-erect, purple-brown ;

staminal column about 2 lin, long ; anther-appendages about 1 lin.

long, broadly ovate, obtuse or subacute, slightly folded longitudinally,

rather closely incurved over and concealing the style-apex ; anther-

wings 1? lin. long, straight or slightly convex on their outer margin,

very prominent at the base.

Eastern Reaion: Griqualand East; near Kokstad, 7'yson (a specimen dis-

tributed to the British Museum with P. dealbatus in MacOwan and Bolus Herb.

Norm. Austr.-Afr, 1315)! Natal ; valley of the Buffalo River, near Charlestown,

5000-6000 ft., Wood, 4801! hill-side at Rock Fountain, Ixopo Div., Mrs. Clarke !

This resembles P. natalensis in appearance, but the corona-lobes and anthers are

quite different. Mr. Wood states on his label that the flowers are ‘‘ yellow and

brown,” the latter colour probably refers to the corona.

10. P. macrochilus (N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 376) ;

stem apparently about 10-12 in. high, simple, stout, slightly

Scaberulous along 2 broad lines; leaves more or less spreading ;

petiole 2-3 lin. long; blade 14-23 in. long, about 1 in. broad near

the base, ovate-lanceolate, acute, broadly cuneate or rounded at the

base, often undulate, slightly scabrous on both sides or glabrous

above, scabrous on the margins ; umbels subsessile or pedunculate,

lateral at the nodes, 3-6-flowered ; peduncles 1-5 lin. long ; pedicels

}-} in. long, scabrous-pubescent ; sepals about } in. long, 2-2} lin.

broad, lanceolate, acuminate, thinly scabrous-pubescent ; corolla-

lobes 3-3 in. long, 44—5 lin. broad, ascending or perhaps incurved-

erect, oblong-ovate, recurved at the obtuse tips, narrowly revolute

or recurved at the margins, glabrous on both sides or thinly scabrous-

pubescent on the back, apparently pale greenish-yellow more or less

spotted and tinted with purple; corona-lobes overtopping the

staminal column by about half their length, spreading out from its

726 ASCLEPIADES (Brown). [ Pachycarpus.

base then upcurved and erect, 6-8 lin. long, linear-lanceolate or the

basal part linear and claw-like, dilating above the bend into a flat

lanceolate to subhastate-lanceolate blade, obtuse, cuneate at its base,

at the very base of the claw and not rising higher than the base of

the anthers are 2 slight contiguous fleshy keels ; staminal column

21-3 lin, long ; anther-appendages ovate, acute, loosely inflexed over

the concave or crater-like style-apex. Asclepias macrochila, Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1895, 355.

Katanari Recion : Orange River Colony ; Bethlehem, Richardson ! Harrismith,

Sankey, 181! Besters Vley, near Witzies Hoek, 6200 ft., Bolus, 8115! Flanagan,

2067 ! Mont-aux-Sources, 7800 ft., Thode, 35!

1l. P. vexillaris (E. Meyer, Comm. 212); stem 3-1 ft. high,

stout, simple or with 1 basal branch, hairy-pubescent ; leaves rather

numerous ; petiole 1—4 lin. long; blade 13-3 in. long, 4-1 in. broad,

linear-lanceolate to oblong, acute to subobtuse, cuneate at the base,

rather coarsely and thinly hairy-pubescent on both sides, undulate,

with scabrous-ciliate margins ; umbels lateral, sessile or pedunculate,

2-3-flowered ; peduncles 0-4 in. long ; bract solitary, 4-7 lin. long,

linear or linear-subulate ; pedicels }—} in. long, hairy ; sepals 5-10

lin, long, 13-23 lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, hairy ; lobes of

the globose-campanulate corolla 7-8 lin. long, 4—5} lin. broad, ovate,

subacute, with narrowly revolute margins, glabrous on both sides,

apparently whitish or pale greenish, stained with dull purple on the

back; corona-lobes $ in. long, much overtopping the staminal

column, spreading at the basal linear claw-like part, which bears

2 erect wing-like falcate white keels 2-34 lin. long, 1}-2 lin. broad,

with the acute tips directed outwards, beyond them the lobe becomes

erect and dilates into a cuneate 3-lobed concave dark purple blade

-3-5} lin. broad when flattened out, with the lateral teeth horizon-

tally spreading or inwardly directed, varying from shortly and

broadly deltoid to linear-deltoid, obtuse, middle tooth narrowly

deltoid or linear-oblong, obtuse to bifid at the apex, erect or with

the tip recurved ; staminal column 24 lin. long ; anther-appendages

ovate, obtuse or subacute, with the tips inflexed over the emarginate

angles of the pentagonal or shortly 5-lobed style-apex ; follicles

solitary, erect, 34 in. long, 1 in. thick, lanceolate-fusiform, tapering

to a stout obtuse point, with 6 broad coarsely toothed or subentire

wings, puberulous. P. vevillatus, Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2, il. 245.

Xysmalobium vewillare, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 902. Asclepias vexillata,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi, Beibl. 54, 9.

Soutu Araica : without locality, Zeyher, 1162 ! : :

Coasr Rearon : Queenstown Div.; Andries Berg, 5600 ft., Galpin, 2267!

British Kaffraria, Cooper, 297 ! ae

Cenrrat Reaion ; Somerset Div.; Bosch Berg, 3000 ft., MacOwan, 1687 '

Beaufort West Div.; Rhenoster Kop, Burke! Graaff Reinet Div. ; mountains

near Graaff Reinet, Bolus, 229! 12132! Aliwal North Div. ; Witteberg Range,

Per 3418! Albert Div. ; near Burghersdorp, Guthrie in Herb. Bolus, 10556 '

Pachycarpus. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 727

The specimens quoted by E. Meyer under letters ‘‘6” and ‘“c” from George

and Uitenhage Divisions respectively, probably belong to P. dealbatus, I have not

seen them, but one specimen at Kew under letter “a” belongs to that species.

12. P. stenoglossus (N. E. Br.); plant 6-8 in. high ; stems

decumbent at the base then erect, harshly or somewhat scabrous.

pubescent with spreading hairs ; leaves ascending ; petiole 14—4 lin.

long ; blade 13-24 in. long, or the lower shorter, }-3 in. broad,

linear to elongate-lanceolate, with the basal ones ovate, acute or

subobtuse, harshly pubescent with short spreading hairs on both

sides ; umbels 2-4 to a stem, lateral at the nodes and terminal,

pedunculate, 3-flowered ; peduncles }+1 in. long, and together with

the } in.-long pedicels harshly pubescent like the stem ; sepals about

5 in. long, 14-1 lin. broad, enlarging in fruit, lanceolate, acuminate,

spreading-pubescent ; corolla cup-shaped, lobed to ¢ of the way

down or more; lobes about 5 lin. long, 24-3 lin. broad, ovate,

subacute, apparently with spreading or recurved tips, slightly

pubescent on the back, glabrous on the inner face ; corona-lobes

5 lin, long, 1 lin. broad at the broadest part, erect or suberect from

a shortly spreading base, spathulately linear-oblong or linear-

janceolate at the upper part, truncate or very obtuse, with a pair

of rather thin keels on the basal part, which are obliquely oblong,

somewhat folded upon themselves, with their obtusely rounded tips

directed outwards and the upper parts contiguous, as if pinched

together, forming a cavity beneath with the opening outwards ;

staminal column 2 lin. long; anther-appendages rather small, ovate,

obtuse, spreading from under with their tips curving over the

margin of the style-apex, which is large, shortly 5-lobed, with a pit-

like depression at the centre and the thick margin overhanging the

top of the column and concealing the pollen-carriers as seen from

above ; young follicle ovoid, winged at the upper part, thinly

puberulous. Pachycarpus vewillaris, var. stenoglossus, E. Meyer,

Comm. 212.

CENTRAL Recion: Aliwal North Div. ; on the Wittebergen Range, 6000-

7000 ft., Drége, 3419!

The corona-lobes of this plant are entirely different from those of P. verillaris,

of which it was considered to be a variety by E. Meyer, from whose type I

Alescribe.

13. P. schinzianus (N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 376);

7-1} ft. high ; stems often solitary, simple or with 1 branch at the

base, stout, more or less scabrous ; leaves shortly petiolate, 2~4} in.

long, 3-1} in. broad, linear-lanceolate, lanceolate or elongate-ovate,

acute to subobtuse, broadly cuneate to subtruncate at the base,

rigidly coriaceous, glabrous above or more or less scabrous on both

sides, very scabrous and often wavy on the margins; umbels 2-4

and subcorymbose or solitary and terminal, pedunculate, 2-6-

flowered ; peduncles }~2 in. long, scabrous-pubescent ; bracts 3-5

lin. long, subulate ; pedicels 3-1 in. long; sepals 44-7 lin. long,

728 ‘ ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [Pachycarpus.

2-3 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute, and together with the

pedicels and bracts scabrous-pubescent ; corolla-lobes suberect,

‘forming a cup, recurved at the tips, }-} in. long, 33-5 lin. broad,

ovate or oblong-ovate, acute, glabrous on both sides or more or less

scabrous-pubescent on the back at the tips, white, purple tinted at

the tips on the back ; corona-lobes arising at the base of the staminal

column, }—} in. long, erect or slightly incurving upwards, white or

pale lemon-yellow with a violet-purple stripe down the inner face ;

upper half elliptic-lanceolate or dilated into a rather large concave

hood, obtuse or acute at the incurved apex, basal half linear-oblong,

bearing 2 contiguous fleshy deltoid erect acute teeth not reaching to

the top of the 24-3 lin.-long staminal column ; anther-appendages

broadly ovate, acute or obtuse, inflexed on the top of the style-apex,

which is truncate with a central star-like depression ; follicles

solitary, 3-4} in. long, 1 in. thick, lanceolate or fusiform, obtusely-

pointed, 6-winged, glabrous; seeds 24 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad,

narrowly ovate or ovate-oblong, thick, with the margins much

incurved, forming a rather deep channel on one side, very convex

on the other, covered on both sides with minute raised tubercles

and lines, dark brown. Gomphocarpus schinzianus, Schlechter im

Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 37. Asclepias schinziana, Schlechter in

Journ. Bot. 1896, 455; Rand in Journ. Bot. 1903, 200.

KaaHari Recion: Orange River Colony; Parys, Rogers, §00! Transvaal ;

Magaliesberg Range, Burke, 99! 359! Zeyher, 1161! various localities near

Pretoria, McLea in Herb. Bolus, 3085! Bolus, 12131! Rehmann, 4405! Burtt

Davy, 683! 816! 2137! 8059! Miss Pegler, 1020! Miss Leendertz, 325! 468!

Pinedene, Burtt Davy, 2303! Irene, Burtt Davy, 751! 3242! Springbok Flats,

Burtt Davy, 2128! near Heidelberg, Schlechter, 3528 ! Rustenberg, Miss Pegler,

1020! Yster Spruit, Nelson, 825! Linokana, Holub! Matebe Valley, Holub t

High Veld, Adlam, 5! Modderfontein, Conrath, 1001! Johannesburg, Ommanney,

69! Rand, 862! 963! 964! 1010! 1229! Pilgrims Rest, @reenstock !

Burtt Davy 3059, from Bremersdorp, belongs to P. concolor.

14. P. dealbatus (E. Meyer, Comm. 211); stem 3-1} ft. high,

simple, stout, varying from nearly glabrous to densely hairy

pubescent or sometimes scabrous-pubescent, at least along 2 broad

lines ; leaves ascending or spreading ; petiole 2—5 lin. long ; blade

14-33 in. long, 1-1} in. broad, linear-lanceolate to broadly oblong.

or elliptic, acute, obtuse or retuse and apiculate, broadly rounded to

cuneate at the base, scabrous on both sides and on the margins or

glabrous above ; umbels lateral at the nodes, sessile or the lowest:

shortly pedunculate, 3-6-flowered ; pedicels 4-10 lin. long, sub-

glabrous or scaberulous to densely subtomentose ; sepals Z as tong

as the corolla, 5-7 lin. long, 2-24 lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate,

from thinly and minutely pubescent to somewhat scabrous ; corolla

globose-campanulate, 7-9 lin. in diam., quite glabrous, pale green,

spotted with purple-brown (Wood); lobes erect, with imbricating

margins and recurved tips, 5-8 lin. long, 34-44 lin. broad, ovate,

acute, very concave at the lower part; corona-lobes 4-5 lin. long,

spreading from the base of the staminal column then abruptly

Pachycarpus. | ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). 729

incurved with erect tips, equalling or shortly exceeding the style-

apex, linear or slightly dilated at the apex, or the apical part oblong

or elliptic or sometimes constricted or with an obscure or distinct

obtuse lobule on each side and 1-2 lin. broad, truncate, emarginate

or rounded, flat from base to apex, without keels or other appendages,

yellow with purple tips (Wood); staminal column 2-2} lin. long ;

anther-appendages large, broadly ovate, acute or subobtuse, inflexed

over and covering the style-apex, which has 5 infolded contiguous

lobes almost covering the cavity beneath them ; follicles solitary,

erect, about 4 in. long and 1} in. thick, stoutly lanceolate-fusiform,

obtusely pointed, 6-winged, glabrous, wings broad, shortly produced

into obtuse teeth at the apex ; seeds about 24 lin. long, concave on

one side, very convex on the other, subreticulately rugose, brown.

P. ligulatus, E. Meyer, Comm. 211; Meisner in Hook. Lond. Journ.

Bot. 1843, 545 (by error 445) ; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 826. Xysma-

lobium dealbatum and X. ligulatum, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 902.

Gomphocarpus dealbatus, Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 563 (excl. syn.

Pachycarpus vewvillaris, E. Meyer); Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii.

Beibl. 45, 7 and 18, and (by error G@. albatus) xx. Beibl. 51, 37 in

note. G. alatus, Schlechter in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxxv.

51. Asclepias dealbata, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54,

6; Journ. Bot. 1896, 452, aud Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien,

xv. 67.

Coast RrGion: Swellendam Div. ; near Zuurbraak, 800 ft., Schlechter, 2217.

George Div. ; near the Keurbooms River, Burchell, 5127! Humansdorp Div. ;

near the Kromme River, Arauss (ex Meisner). Uitenhage Div. ; various localties,

Drége! Bolus, 9143! Port Elizabeth Div. ; near Port Elizabeth, Burchell, 4300!

4355! Cooper, 2717! Alexandria Div. ; Zwart Hoogte, Zeyher, 652! Bathurst

Div.; Trapps Valley, Miss Daly, 564! Albany Div.; near Grahamstown,

MacOwan, 614! -Haagner in Herb. Conrath, 1000! Queenstown Div. ; near

Queenstown, 4400 ft., Galpin, 2014! King Williamstown Div. ; near the Buffalo

River and elsewhere, Drége! Komgha Div. ; hills near the Kei River, Flanagan,

388! Bolus, 10203! near Komgha, Flanagan in MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr.,

1505! Krook, 819 (ex Schlechter).

CenTRAL RKeaion : Cradock Div. ; near Cradock, Cooper, 1287 !

Katanari Recion: Basutoland, Cooper, 931 !

Eastern Recion: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker! near Butterworth,

Schlechter, 6252! Tembuland; near the Qumancu River, Bolus! Pondoland ;

near St. Andrews, 7'yson, 3153! Griqualand East ; mountains around Kokstad,

Tyson, 1682! 2704! and in MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 1315 !

Haygarth in Herb. Wood, 4173! Krook, 805, and foot of Insiswa Mountains,

‘rook, 808 (ex Schlechter). Natal ; near Hoffenthal, Wood, 3473! bank of the

Tugela River, Wood, 3475! Biggars Berg, Wood, 4247 !

In Thunberg’s Herbarium a specimen of this plant is mixed with P. grandiflorus.

The typical and more western form has lanceolate acute leaves, whilst the eastern

form usually has broad oblong or elliptic obtuse or retuse apiculate leaves, but

does not otherwise differ. Krook’s 808 is also quoted by Dr. Schlechter for

Asclepias ochroleuca (Xysmalobium Gerrardi).

15. P. concolor (E. Meyer, Comm. 210); stem 1-1} ft. high,

simple, stout, more or less scabrous ; leaves spreading ; petiole 1-4

lin. long; blade 13-5 in. long, $-1} in. broad, oblong, lanceolate,

730 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). | Pachycarpus.

narrowly oblong-lanceolate, elongated ovate or rarely elliptic-oblong,

acute or obtuse, rounded, broadly cuneate or subtruncate at the

base, flat or wavy, nearly glabrous above or more or less scabrous

on both sides, very scabrous on the margins ; flowers in pairs or on

2-flowered peduncles, lateral at the nodes and terminal ; peduncle

0-3 lin. long ; pedicels 4~7 lin. long, roughly pubescent or scabrous ;

sepals 4—7 lin. long, 2-44 lin. broad, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute,

hairy-pubescent ; corolla-lobes campanulately spreading or erect

with recurved tips, 7-8 lin. long, 4—5 lin. broad, elliptic-ovate or

elliptic-oblong, acute, glabrous on both sides or slightly pubescent

on the back, usually dull violet or dark purple-brown, varying to

(apparently) greenish or yellowish-green with purple-tinted tips ;

corona-lobes variable, 4—5 lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad at the rhomboid

or ovate basal half, which is spreading and bears on its upper side

2 erect thick and fleshy or (in dried flowers) thin and wing-like

contiguous keels 1-24 lin. high, 1-2 lin. broad, usually subfalcate-

deltoid viewed side-ways, and in fresh flowers as if pinched together

at the top, rounded on the dorsal margins and in dried flowers

narrowly winged (from shrinkage) on the basal margins ; terminal

half of the lobe linear, linear-lanceolate, oblong, subovate or more

or less obtusely trilobulate, obtuse, variable in length, erect or

incurving over the top of the keels, green according to a drawing at

Kew, but in dried specimens apparently either entirely purple-

brown or yellow, or yellowish with the keels purple-brown and

with or without purple-brown margins ; staminal column 2-23 lin.

long ; anther-appendages orbicular or broadly ovate, acute, inflexed

over and covering the truncate style-apex ; follicles solitary, the

immature specimens seen 24 in. long, ? in. thick, ovoid-lanceolate or

stoutly fusiform, very obtuse, about 4—6-winged, not distinctly

puberulous but thinly covered with exceedingly minute point-like

hairs quite invisible to the naked eye. Gomphocarpus concolor,

Decne in DOC. Prodr. viii. 563; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii.

Beibl. 45,7. G. geminiflorus, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl.

51,31. Asclepias concolor, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 54, 6,

and Journ. Bot. 1896, 452. A. geminiflora, Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1896, 455. Xysmalobiwm concolor, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 902.

Coast Recton: Stutterheim Div.; near the Kabousie River, Cooper, 467!

King Williamstown Div. ; between Chalumna River and Kachu (Yellowwood)

bs Drége! East London Div. ; near East London, Wood in Herb. Galpin,

Karanart Recion : Orange River Colony ; Sand River, Burke ! Bechuanaland ;

near Kuruman, Burchell, 2489! Transvaal ; Springbok Flats, Burtt Davy, 1202!

2145! Wonderboom Poort, Miss Leendertz, 447! Miss Tennant! near Aapies

River, Schlechter, 3669 ; Rustenburg, Miss Nation, 2! South African Gold Fields,

Baines! near Warm Bath, 3600 ft., Bolus, 12180! Burtt Davy, 2598! 2634!

Daspoort Rand, Burtt Davy, 3190 ! gone

Eastern Recion: Transkei; Kreilis Coontry, Bowker, 293! Kentani Div.,

Miss Pegler, 644! Tembuland ; Bazeia Mountain, 2500-3000 ft., Baur, 581!

Griqualand East ; near Clydesdale, Zyson, 2705! and in MacOwan and Bolus,

Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 1316! Natal; Shafton, Howick, Mrs. Hutton, 513!

Rock Fountain, Mrs. Clarke! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 1282 bis !

Pachyecarpus. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 731

Swaziland ; near Mafutane, 1500 ft., Bolus, 12127! near Bremersdorp, Bolus,

12128! Burtt Davy, 3059! 3060!

Partly described from flowers preserved in fluid. A few specimens above quoted

have the terminal part of the corona-lobes slightly 3-lobed, these are probably of

hybrid origin. The number 293 was also given by Bowker to Krebsia stenoglossa,

and 3059, 3060, by Burtt Davy also respectively to P, schinzianus, and Asclepias

eminens.

16. P. transvaalensis (N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i, 376) ;

stem 1 ft. or more high, simple, stout, more or less scabrous ; leaves

in 7-8 pairs on the specimen seen, sessile or subsessile, mostly 24-3

in. long, $-1 in. broad at the base, the lower pairs smaller, narrowly

or broadly oblong-lanceolate, acute, subtruncate or subcordate at

the base, very scabrous on both sides and at the edges; umbels 5

on the specimen seen, lateral and terminal, pedunculate, 4—5-

flowered ; peduncles 4-1 in. long, scabrous; pedicels }-} in. long,

stout, scabrous ; sepals 44-54 Jin. long, 24 lin. broad, lanceolate or

ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, scabrous; corolla-lobes apparently

slightly ascending-spreading, 7-8 lin. long, 5-54 lin. broad at the

middle, elliptic-ovate, subacute, pubescent (subscabrous?) with

minute adpressed scattered hairs on the back, glabrous on the inner

face, purple-brown ; corona-lobes 4-4} lin. long, somewhat rigidly

fleshy, dark purple-brown, rhomboid-ovate, 2 lin. broad and

horizontally spreading at the basal part, thickened on the upper side

into a large hump-like mass longitudinally divided by a deep fissure,

truncate at the base with an excavation on each side of the fissure,

and rising to about half the height of the 2} lin.-long staminal

column, beyond the hump the lobe contracts into the narrowly

oblong or tongue-shaped obtuse upper half 14-1} lin. broad, which

incurves over the basal part ; anther-appendages transverse, rounded,

inflexed over the margin of the truncate style-apex. Gomphocarpus

transvaalensis, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 22, and

19 in note. Asclepias transvaalensis, Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1896, 455.

Katanari Recion: Transvaal ; Saddleback Mountain, near Barberton, 3000-

4500 ft., Galpin, 692b (592b ex Schlechter) !

17. P. insignis (N. E. Br.); stem 9-16 in. high, erect, simple,

adpressed-scaberulous along 2 broad lines, or according to Schlechter

“ pilose-scabrous ” ; leaves ascending, shortly petiolate, 2-3} in. long,

3-3? in. broad at the base, ovate, ovate-lanceolate, narrowly oblong

or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse or subacute, subtruncate or broadly

cuneate at the base, flat or slightly undulate at the margins, with a

spreading pubescence (pilose-scabrous, Schlechter) on both sides,

somewhat scabrous on the midrib beneath and scabrous-pubescent

on the margins ; umbels lateral at the nodes and terminal, peduncu-

late 3-4-flowered ; peduncles 3-1} in. long, scabrous-pubescent ;

pedicels 4-5 lin. long, scabrous-pubescent ; sepals 34-4 lin. long,

about 2 lin. broad, ovate, acute or acuminate, spreading-pubescent ;

732 ASCLEPIADEE (Brown). [ Pachycarpus.

corolla-lobes apparently spreading so as to form a broad cup, about

6 lin. long, 34-4 lin. broad, ovate, acute, glabrous on both sides,

apparently whitish or sulphur-yellow, varying according to Schlechter

to golden-yellow, purple-tinted on the back at the tips ; corona-lobes

4-41 lin. long, entirely dark purple-brown, with the basal half very

spreading, oblong, 14-1} lin. broad, bearing a pair of erect deltoid

keels, contiguous and very fleshy at their base, thinner and rather

widely gaping above, rising to about half-way up the anthers ; upper

half of the lobes abruptly inflexed over the basal keels and staminal

column, with their tips meeting at the centre, slightly constricted just

above the bend, then dilated into an ovate obtuse blade 14-1} lin.

broad ; staminal column about 2 lin. long; anther-appendages

broadly ovate, acute, inflexed over the margin of the somewhat

crater-like style-apex. Gomphocarpus insignis, Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 32. Asclepias insignis, Schlechter in Journ.

Bot. 1896, 455.

KaLavari Recion : Transvaal; Elandspruit Mountains, 7600 ft., Schlechter,

3847 ; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 954!

This is doubtfully distinct from P. transvaalensis, and seems only to differ in its

more pubescent leaves and the much smaller humps or keels on the base of the

corona-lobes. I have seen only one gathering of each.

18. P. decorus (N. E. Br.) ; stem scabrous to nearly glabrous,

only the upper part seen ; leaves ascending or somewhat spreading,

very shortly petiolate, 2}-34 in. long, } to nearly 1 in. broad,

lanceolate, narrowly oblong-lanceolate or linear-oblong, acute or

subobtuse, cuneate to subtruncate at the base, thinly and rigidly

scabrous on both sides, scabrous on the margins ; umbels lateral at

the nodes and terminal, pedunculate, usually 3- (sometimes 4-)

flowered ; peduncles }—2 in. long, scaberulous on one side ; bracts

3 in. long, linear or linear-subulate, acute, scabrous-ciliate ; pedicels

7-1} in. long, scaberulous or scabrous; sepals } in. long, 2-2} lin.

broad, ovate or lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent ; corolla broadly

cup-like, lobed nearly to the base, apparently yellow or creamy-

white ; lobes about 7 lin. long, 4-51 lin. broad, elliptic-ovate or

oblong-ovate, acute, glabrous on both sides or slightly adpressed

pubescent at the tips on the back ; corona-lobes apparently entirely

yellow or white, about 5 lin. long, spreading or ascending-spreading,

perhaps somewhat incurved at the apex, slightly dilated and 2-2}

lin, broad at the base, which bears a pair of fleshy contiguous erect

deltoid very obtuse keels, rising to about 3 of the height of the

staminal column, faintly constricted just beyond the keels, with the

terminal part 14-1} lin. broad, varying from oblong-lanceolate to

subhastate-lanceolate, obtuse ; staminal column 2 lin. long ; anthers

with a large wedge-shaped blackish-violet spot on the upper part,

and suborbicular or broadly rounded obtuse appendages inflexed

over the truncate or slightly depressed style-apex.

Katanari Reaion: Transvaal ; Endholeyana, near Piet Retief, Lady Barkly |

Eastern Recion : Natal ; without precise locality, Gerrard, 1287 !

Pachycarpus. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 733

19. P. McKenii (N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 377) ;

stem 2 ft. or more high, stout, bifariously subhispid ; leaves spreading,

shortly petiolate, 14-2 in. long, #-14 in. broad, elliptic, obtuse,

apiculate, cuneate or rounded at the base, coriaceous, thinly

sprinkled with outstanding hairs on both sides, scabrous and ciliate

on the margins, the cilia disappearing with age; umbels lateral at

the nodes, shortly pedunculate, 2—4-flowered ; peduncles 14-2 lin.

long, roughly hairy ; pedicels 3-4 lin. long, roughly hairy ; sepals

5-6 lin. long, 2-24 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, hairy and ciliate

with rather long and somewhat stiff hairs; corolla 1 in. or more in

diam., thinly pubescent outside, glabrous within, apparently whitish,

spotted with purple; tube about } in. long, very broadly campanu-

late or cup-shaped; lobes apparently ascending-spreading, about

5 lin. long, 44 lin. broad, ovate, notched at the obtusely pointed

apex ; corona-lobes arising 14 lin. up the staminal column, 7 lin.

long, 1-1} lin. broad, apparently purple-brown, horizontally spreading

at the base, then upcurved, with the upper half horizontally incurved

over the basal part, linear, acute, replicate at the upper half, bearing

2 keels extending from the base to beyond the middle and then

excurrent at the margins, rectangular and not reaching to the tops

of the anthers at the base, closely contiguous for 3 of their length,

then diverging ; staminal column } in. long, anther appendages

ovate, acute, inflexed over the depressed-truncate style apex ; anther-

wings abruptly widely divergent at the very base, but scarcely or

not at all broader or more prominent than at the apex. Gompho-

carpus M‘Kenit (misprint for McKenii), Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 60,

(McKenii) t.194. G. Mackenii, Pritz. Ind, Ic. Bot. ii. 135. Asclepias

Mackenii, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 454.

Eastern Recion: Zululand, Gerrard, 1284!

Xysmalobium orbiculare was also distributed as Gerrard, 1284.

20. P. coronarius (E. Meyer, Comm. 209); plant 2-25 ft. high,

exactly like P. grandiflorus, E. Meyer, in appearance ; leaves shortly

petiolate, spreading, 14-3 in. long, up to 1 in. broad, oblong or

oblong-lanceolate, acute, somewhat scabrous or nearly glabrous on

both sides, undulate at the scabrous margins ; flowers in pairs at the

nodes ; pedicels 1-14 in. long, more or less pubescent ; sepals }-1 in.

long, 5-6 lin. broad, elliptic, shortly acuminate or very acute,

thinly pubescent ; corolla about 1} in. in diam., inflated-globose, very

slightly pubescent outside or glabrous on both sides, apparently

whitish-green or yellowish-green, sometimes spotted with dark

purple-brown ; united part 4 lin. long; lobes 1} in. long, 1 in. or

more broad, elliptic-ovate, acute, very concave, with overlapping

margins and recurved tips ; corona-lobes horizontally spreading, # in.

long, lanceolate, deeply complicate boat-shaped, obtuse, somewhat

deltoid-ovate viewed sideways, narrowly wing-margined along the

linear-oblong under side, not produced at the apex beyond the broad

erect sides, which rise to the level of the style-apex and are 44-5

734 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). | Pachycarpus.

lin. high at the broadly rounded (not angular) base, connate and

perhaps slightly cucullate at the apex; staminal column 4 lin.

long ; anther-appendages suborbicular, with their rounded tips

incurved over the margin of the truncate style-apex. Gomphocarpus

coronarius, Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 562. Xysmalobium coronarium,

Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 902.

Eastern Recion: Transkei; near the Bashee River at Fort Bowker, Bowker,

379! Tembuland ; near the Umtata River, Drége, 4930 !

Although very like P. grandiflorus, E. Meyer, the very large sepals, much more

deeply lobed corolla, and different corona-lobes readily distinguish it.

21. P. grandiflorus (E. Meyer, Comm. 209) ; plant 8-20 in. high ;

stem usually simple, 14-3 lin. thick below, pubescent, with inter-

nodes }—1 in. long; leaves spreading or somewhat deflexed ; petiole

1§-6 lin. long; blade 13-4} in. long, 4—14 lin. broad, oblong or

lanceolate, acute, obtuse, or rounded and apiculate at the apex,

rounded or broadly cuneate at the base, usually undulate at the

margins, somewhat roughly pubescent or subscabrous on both sides

or glabrous above ; umbels 2—4-flowered, sessile at the nodes or the

lowest shortly pedunculate ; pedicels 4-1 in. long, pubescent ; sepals

6-9 lin. long, 3-3} lin. broad, lanceolate, very acute, pubescent ;

corolla about 1} in. in diam., inflated-globose, thinly pubescent

outside or glabrous on both sides, yellow or yellowish-green, spotted

with dark purple-brown ; united part 6-7 lin. long; lobes 8-9 lin.

long, 9-11 lin. broad, broadly ovate, acute, incurved, with overlapping

margins and recurved tips ; corona-lobes very spreading, with much

incurved tips, } in. long, linear or linear-lanceolate, sometimes some-

what spathulate at the tips, bearing upon their basal half 2 long

contiguous keels, which at the angular base do not nearly rise to

the level of the top of the anther-wings, then gradually tapering

into the lobe, apparently yellow, often dotted with purple-brown ;

staminal column 34-4 lin. long, broadly conical ; anther-appendages

suborbicular or elliptic-ovate, obtuse, inflexed over the rim of the

truncate 5-crenate excavated style-apex ; pollen-carriers seated just

below therim of the style-apex ; follicles solitary, about 3} in. long,

7-1 in. thick, stoutly fusiform-lanceolate, equally tapering to base

and apex, obtuse, with 6 entire wings 1-1} lin. broad, thinly and

minutely puberulous. Meisn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1843,

544 (by error 444) ; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 826. Asclepias grandiflora,

Linn. f. Suppl. 170; Lam.. Eneyel. i. 284; Thunb. Prodr. 47 ; i

Nov. Act. Acad. Petrop. xiv. (1805), 509 ; Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 156, and

ed. Schultes, 235 ; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1264 ; Pers, Syn. i. 275 ; Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1896, 451 (eacluding synonyms Pachycarpus coronarius

and Gonphocarpus coronarius); Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 73

and Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xv. 67. Xysmalobium grandi-

Hlorum, R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 39 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 90 ;

Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 850; G@. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 146 ; Dietr. Syn. Pi.

ii. 902 ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 519. Gomphocarpus grandiflorus,

Decne, l.c. 562 ; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 8.

Pachycarpus. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 735

Var. B, elatocarinatus (N. E. Br.) ; corolla yellow spotted with purple-brown ;

keels of the corona-lobes rising to the level of the tops of the anther-wings at the

base ; otherwise as in the type.

Var. y, chrysanthus (N. E. Br.); corolla entirely yellow ; keels of the corona-

lobes rising to the level of the tops of the anther-wings or slightly beyond ; other-

wise as in the type. Asclepias grandiflora, var. chrysantha, Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb, xxi. Beibl. 54, 7, and Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xv. 68.

Var. 5, tomentosus (N. E. Br.); stem, leaves, peduncles, pedicels and sepals

all thickly villous-tomentose, but slightly harsh to the touch ; corolla and corona-

lobes as in var. 8. Gomphocarpus grandiflorus, var. tomentosus, Schlechter in

ingl. Jahrb. xviii, Beibl. 45, 19.

Coast Reaton: Humansdorp Div. ; near the Kromme River, Thunberg!

Uitenhage Div. ; region around Uitenhage, Burchell, 4421! 4440! 4449! Zeyher!

Addo, Drége, 2222! Van Stadens Berg, Zeyher, 630! Port Elizabeth Div. ; near

Port Elizabeth, Prior! Miss West, 35! Albany Div. ; Albany plains, Bowie! near

Grahamstown, MacOwan, 180! Misses Daly and Sole, 367! Bathurst Div. ;

Linch’s Post, near the Kowie River, Bowie! Komgha Div. ; hills near Keimouth,

Krook, 818 (ex Schlechter). Var. 8: King Williamstown Div. ; Keiskamma,

Mrs. Hutton! Var. y: East London Div. ; near East London, Wood in Herb.

Galpin, 3387 ! Komgha Div. ; near Komgha and near Keimouth, Flanagan, 375!

Krook, 802 (ex Schlechter).

Katawari Recon: Var. &: Transvaal; Carolina district, Burtt Davy, 2953!

Umlomati Valley, near Barberton, 4000 ft., Galpin, 913 (ex Schlechter).

Eastern Recion: Griqualand East ; hills near Umzimkulu River, Arook, 791

(ex Schlechter). Var. 8: Tembuland; Bazeia, Baur, 602! Natal; hills above

Byrne, Wood, 3169! hill near Lynedoch, Wood in Herb. Natal, 962! Peak of

Byrne, Wood in Herb, Natal, 589! near Durban Bay, Krauss, 1260 (ex Meisner).

Var. y: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker !

Wood’s 589 is more hairy than usual and approaches var. tomentosus,

22. P. linearis (N. E. Br.) ; stem 1-1} ft. high, simple, scabrous ;

leaves erect, shortly petiolate, 3-5 in. long, 1-24 lin. broad, linear,

acute, with revolute margins, scabrous above and on the midrib

beneath ; umbel solitary, terminal, nodding, 3—5-flowered ; peduncle

7-1} in. long, recurved at the apex, subscabrous ; bracts not seen ;

pedicels 3-1 in. long, subscabrous ; sepals 3}-44 lin. long, 1-1} lin.

broad, lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent ; corolla probably subglobose

and about 9-10 lin. in diam., but when dried often appearing

broadly cup-shaped and 14-1} in. in diam., lobed to }-} of the

way down, coarsely pubescent outside, glabrous within, “ yellowish-

green, brownish outside at the base” (Baur), “purple and buff”

(Bowker) ; tube } in. long; lobes 8-9 lin. long, 5-6 lin. broad,

elliptic-ovate or ovate-oblong, obtuse ; corona-lobes spreading at the

basal part then much incurved or incurved-erect, 5-7 lin. long, linear,

often lanceolately dilated below the acute apex, with 2 keels

extending to beyond the middle, rising at the base to the level of

the top of the anther-wings (14-2 lin. high) and there wing-like and

toothed on the inner margin ; staminal column 44-5 lin. long, of

which length the anther-appendages take up more than half, being

3-34 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, ovate-lenceolate or subhastate-lanceolate

when flattened out, subacute, replicate, much exceeding and

loosely curved over the large excavated style-apex, which has a very

thick crenate rim. Lagarinthus linearis, E. Meyer, Comm. 207.

736 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). | Pachycarpus.

Gomphocarpus linearis, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 901; Decne in DC. Prodr.

viii. 562, not of Schlechter. G. asper, Decne in DC. Prodr, viii. 561.

Asclepias tenuiflora, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 9, partly.

A. tenuifolia, Schlechter ex Ind. Kew. Suppl.ii. 19, partly, A. linearis,

Schlechter in Journ Bot. 1896, 453, partly.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Drége, 4969 !

Eastern Recion: Transkei ; near Tsomo on the Tsomo River, Mrs. Barber,

826! Bowker, 343! 359! Tembuland ; hill-sides here and there near Bazeia and

Tabase, 2000-3000 ft., Baur, 381!

The type specimen (Drége, 4969) in E. Meyer’s Herbarium has no locality upon

the label ; Drage and E. Meyer, however, record it from between Zaandplaat and

Komgha, in Komgha Div., and between the Bashee River and Morley in

Tembuland. Dr. Schlechter has confused this very distinct species with

P. campanulatus and a small-flowered variety of that plant, from which and from

all other species it is at once distinguished by the very different corona-lobes and

remarkable anther-appendages.

23. P. campanulatus (N. E. Br.) ; “root tuberous” (Sanderson) ;

stem 3-2 ft. high, simple, thinly and somewhat harshly pubescent

or scaberulous; leaves suberect, 3-6 in. long, 14-4} lin. broad,

linear, acute, tapering or rounded into the very short petiole at the

base, with revolute margins, harshly pubescent or more or less

scabrous above and on the margins and midrib beneath ; umbel

solitary, terminal, nodding, 3—5-flowered ; peduncle }—1} in. long,

pubescent or subscabrous-pubescent, as are also the pedicels, bracts

and calyx ; pedicels 3-14 in. long ; bracts 6—8 lin. long, 1 lin. broad,

linear or linear-lanceolate, acute, deciduous ; sepals 5—9 lin. long,

2-3 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute ; corolla globose, not lobed beyond

the middle, 1}-2 in. in diam., somewhat coarsely pubescent

and usually purplish outside in dried flowers, but according to a

drawing at Kew dull green, glabrous and apparently whitish or

greenish-white inside, “corolla yellow” and “ yellow-green ” (Wood) ;

united part 3-1 in. long; lobes 7-13 lin. long and as much in

breadth, roundish-ovate, subacute, incurved, with overlapping

margins, perhaps sometimes recurved or spreading at the tips ;

corona-lobes arising 1-1} lin. up the staminal column, horizontally

spreading, 33-74 lin. long, linear or linear-lanceolate, obtuse, with

a pair of erect obliquely deltoid wing-like keels at their base 1}—2

lin. high, reaching to the base of the anther-appendages, dark

purple-brown, with the keels paler ; staminal column 3-5 lin. high ;

anther-appendages 14-2 lin. long, oblong, obtuse, with reflexed

sides, erect, with their tips exceeding and inflexed over the margin of

the crater-like 5-crenate style-apex. Gomphocarpus campanulatus,

Harv. Thes. Cap. i. 61, t. 97. Asclepias linearis, Schlechter in Journ.

Bot. 1896, 453, partly. A tenuiflora, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi.

Beibl. 54,9 partly. A. tenuifolia, Schlechter ex Ind. Kew. Suppl. ii.

19, partly.

Var. 8, Sutherlandi CN. E. Br.) ; leaves 1-3} lin. broad ; umbels 3-7-flowered ;

peduncle 3-2} in. long; pedicels 3-1} in. long; corolla 3-1} in. in diam., with

Pachycarpus. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown), 737

lobes 4-6 lin. long, 4-9 lin. broad ; corona-lobes 13-3 lin. long, linear, with the

keels extending to about the middle or beyond. Gomphocarpus linearis, Schlechter

in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 20, and xx. Beibl. 51, 32, not of Decne.

Asclepias linearis, Schlechter in Journ, Bot. 1896, 453, partly, and Ann. Naturhist.

Hofmus. Wien, xv. 68.

Coast Recion: Var. B: King Williamstown Div. ; near Keiroad Station,

Krook, 801 (ex Schlechter).

Katawart ReGion: Var. B: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 2732! 2734!

Basutoland, Cooper, 936! 2731! Transvaal; Macmac, Mudd! Houtbosch,

Rehmann, 5871! Saddleback Mountain, near Barberton, Galpin, 1366, and

Elands River Mountain, Schlechter, 3999 (ex Schlechter) ; Belfast, Burtt Davy,

1285 ! near Vlakfontein Beacon, Burtt Davy, 2967! near Spitz Kop, Wilms, 942!

Graskop, near Pilgrims, Burtt Davy, 1463!

EASTERN REGION : Griqualand East ; Enshlenzi Mountain, near Fort William,

2500 ft., Tyson, 3132! Natal; near Durban, Sanderson! Dargle Farm,

Mrs. Fannin, 5! Inanda, Wood, 79! 1326! hills near Charlestown, Wood, 5151

mixed with var. 8! and without precise locality,, Gerrard, 2161! 2164!

Sutherland! Var. B: Tembuland ; Engcobo Mountain, 4500 ft., Bolus, 10552!

Griqualand East ; Mount Frere, Schlechter, 6412 ! Krook, 798! Natal; Mohlamba.

Range, 5000-6000 ft., Sutherland ! Biggars Berg, Gerrard, 1298 !

The variety Sutherlandi is the plant that has hitherto been mistaken for

Gomphocarpus linearis of Dietrich, aud of Decaisne, from which it is readily dis-

tinguished by the very different corona-lobes and anther-appendages. It only

appears to differ from typical P. campanulatus in its much smaller corolla and

shorter corona-lobes, for although the specimens with the smallest flowers

(Sutherland, Cooper, 936, 2374, &c.) seem quite distinct in appearance, other

Specimens (Schlechter, 6412, Burtt Davy, 1285, 2967, &c.) with larger flowers

Seem to connect it with typical P. campanulatus. In the process of drying, the

globose form of the corolla of this and allied species is usually altered so that it

appears to be broadly cup-shaped.

24. P. Gerrardi (N. E. Br.) ; stem usually simple, 9-15 in. high,

rather roughly pubescent ; leaves erect, 23-5 in. long, #24 lin.

broad, linear, acute, scabrous above and on the midrib beneath ;

umbels usually 2 or 3, racemose, or in weak plants solitary, 8—13-

flowered ; peduncles #-1 in. long, often slightly recurved at the top,

somewhat roughly pubescent ; bracts 2—3 lin. long, linear-subulate,

very deciduous ; pedicels 8-9 lin. long, slightly scaberulous ; sepals

3-33 lin, long, 3-1 lin. broad, attenuate-lanceolate, very acute,

pubescent ; corolla globose or globose-campanulate, campanulate in

the dried state, lobed to about half-way down, 7-8 lin. in diam. ;

apparently whitish, suffused with purplish-brown outside and there

pubescent with white and brown hairs, glabrous within ; tube 3 lin.

long ; lobes 3-3} lin. long, 34-4 lin. broad, broadly ovate, obtuse,

probably incurved ; corona-lobes 1-2 lin. long, ? lin. broad, very

Spreading, oblong-linear, flat, rounded at the apex, purple-brown,

with 2 paler broadly deltoid keels $ lin. high at the base; staminal

column 1} lin. long ; anther-appendages } lin. long, oblong-linear,

obtuse, connivent over and concealing the rather smal] truncate

shortly 5-lobed style-apex ; young carpels covered with brown hairs.

Gomphocarpus Gerrardi, Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 59, t. 193. Schizo-

glossum Gerardi, Benth. and Hook. f., ex Ind. Kew. ii. 826. Asclepias

Gerrardii, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 453.

VOL. IV.—SECT. I.—PART V. 3B

738 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). | Pachycarpus.

EastrrN Rectan: Eastern border of the Transvaal at Ingoma (Ngome),

Gerrard, 1299 !

In Harvey’s figure of this species the corolla-lobes are represented much more

spreading and the tube less globose than they should be.

25. P. rostratus (N. E. Br.) ; habit, stem, leaves, pubescence,

8-12-flowered umbels, peduncles, pedicels and sepals all exactly as

in P. Gerrardi; corolla apparently globose-campanulate, lobed to

less than half-way down, about 8 lin. in diam., pubescent and

purplish-brown outside, “ greenish-white to light brown ” (Haygarth) ;

tube 4 lin. long ; lobes 24-2? lin. long, 34 lin. broad, deltoid-ovate,

obtuse ; corona-lobes arising at the base of the staminal column,

2} lin. long, 1} lin. broad, very spreading, flat, obovate-oblong,

obtusely pointed, with 2 erect broadly deltoid wing-like keels }-1

lin. high at the base, dark purple-brown ; staminal column 1} lin.

long to the tips of the anther-appendages, which are 3 lin. long,

obiong-linear, subobtuse, erect and pressed against the sides of the

columnar apical part of the style, which is produced about 1 lin.

beyond them into a sort of beak divided at the apex into 5 erect

contiguous lobes 4—} lin. long; young carpels covered with brown

hairs.

Eastern Recion: Zululand ; Nkandhla, Haygarth in Herb, Wood, 7543 !

The beaked style-apex at once distinguishes this from P. Gerrardi, and the

flowers seem to be less globose and are larger.

26. P. stelliceps (N. E. Br.); stem solitary, }-1 ft. high, simple

rather slender, pubescent; leaves erect or ascending, shortly

petiolate, 2-34 in. long, 14-24 lin. broad, linear, acute, with

revolute margins, somewhat scabrous-pubescent above and on the

midrib beneath; umbels 1-2, terminal and lateral, pedunculate,

2-21 in. in diam., 5—6-flowered ; pedicels 5-7 lin. long, pubescent ;

sepals 2}-4 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, pubescent ;

corolla about 2 in. in diam., subglobose or globose-campanulate,

lobed to about half-way down or less, glabrous and apparently

whitish inside, pubescent, and dull violaccous-brown on the tube

outside ; tube 5-6 lin. long; lobes recurved, 2}-3 lin. long, 4-5 lin.

broad, very broadly ovate, obtuse ; corona-lobes complicate, with

the basal part 14 lin. long, ? lin. broad, linear, horizontally radiating

from the base of the staminal column, slightly upcurved and bifid

at the apex, from which the thin sides slope upwards (1 lin. high)

to the level of the base of the anther-appendages and are adnate to

the column up to the base of the anthers, above which they form

small free deltoid obtuse erect lobules, with a narrow double wing

on the outer side, very minutely papillate-puberulous, on their

inner surface, but there is no horn or other process within ;

staminal column 24 lin. long, not dilated at the base; anther-

appendages elliptic-oblong, rounded at the apex, erect, shorter than

the style-apex and adpressed to it between its lobes ; anther-wings

Pachycarpus. | ASCLEPIADF& (Brown), 739

small, about 3 lin. long, extending down to about the middle of the

column ; style-apex convex, with a small crater-like pit at the top,

and 5 stellately radiating compressed lobes 14-1} lin. long, some

what falcately oblong in side view, with a tubercle or gibbosity

on each side at the base, very obtuse and upcurved at the tips,

which spread out about as far as the corona-lobes, apparently

whitish.

Eastern Recion : Swaziland ; on the High Veld, near Embabaan (Mbabane),

5500 ft., Bolus, 12117 !

Very similar to P. Gerrardi and P. linearis, but at once distinguished by its

very remarkable star-shaped style-apex and different corona-lobes.

Imperfectly known species.

27. P. asperifolius (Meisn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1843,

544, by error 444); stem simple, glabrous ; leaves opposite, lanceo-

late-oblong, acute, tapering into a short petiole, flat, hispidulous-

scabrous on both sides, with a thick midrib beneath ; pedicels 5-8

in an umbel-like cluster, axillary, 6-8 lin. long, half as long as the

leaves and together with the calyx puberulous ; corolla spreading,

as large as in P. ligulatus and P. concolor, with oblong acute

segments, pale greenish, concolorous ; corona-lobes erect, terminated

by an ovate acute pointless membranous erect blade, inflexed at

the apex, with a tooth on each side at the base. Krauss in Flora,

1844, 826. Gomphocarpus asperifolius, Walp. Rep. Bot. vi. 486 ;

Ind. Kew. i. 1050.

Eastern Reaion ; Natal ; margins of woods around Durban Bay, Arauss.

Described as resembling P. appendiculatus, but differing by the leaves tapering

below, the spreading corolla and form of the corona-lobes. I have not seen this,

but think it may have been founded upon a specimen of P. @ iculatus in

which the flowers were not fully expanded.

28. Gomphocarpus macroglossus (Turez. in Bull. Soc. Nat.

Mose, 1848, i. 259); stem robust, erect, simple, hispid; leaves

oblong, somewhat acute, tapering into a short petiole, scabrous on

both sides, with revolute margins ; peduncles scarcely any ; pedicels

mostly 3 together, the lower defiexed ; corolla-lobes at length

spreading, without spots; corona-lobes with a long linear flattish

base, keeled at the middle, passing into an ovate obtuse blade at

the apex, twice as high as the staminal column.

Coast Recion: Bathurst Div.; hilis near the Great Fish River, between

Kaffirs Drift and Governors Kop, 500-2000 ft., Heklon, 34 (ex Turczaninow).

Stated to be allied to P. concolor, with flowers of the same size, but differing

from that by its elongated pedicels and the corona-lobes narrower at the base, not

dilated. From the description and locality this would appear to be referable to

either P. reflectens or P. appendiculatus, and is possibly a specimen with the

flowers not fully expanded. Ae

3 Bz

740 ASCLEPIADEZ: (Brown). [ Glossostephanus.

XX. GLOSSOSTEPHANUS, E. Meyer.

Calyx 5-partite ; segments narrowly lanceolate. Corolla small,

very deeply 5-lobed ; lobes suberect, linear. Corona of 5 simple

lobes arising at the base of the staminal column, erect, laterally

compressed and dorsally grooved. Stamens 5, united into a column

around the ovary and adnate to the dilated part of the style ;

anthers terminated by a minute membranous appendage. Pollen-

masses pendulous, attached in pairs to the erect narrow pollen-

carriers, which are dilated and somewhat crutch-like at the apex.

Style produced much beyond the anther-appendages into a long

beak-like point acutely bifid at the apex.

A perennial herb, with a slender twining stem; leaves linear; flowers in

pedunculate cymes or racemes, lateral at the nodes.

Distris. Monotypic, endemic.

1, G. linearis (E. Meyer, Comm. 218) ; a slender twining plant,

glabrous in all parts except the corolla ; leaves spreading ; petiole

13-4 lin. long ; blade 1-34 in. long, 1-3 lin. broad, linear or linear-

lanceolate, acute or subobtuse ; flowers in racemes or simple and

subumbellate or compound cymes, lateral at the nodes and including

the slender peduncles 4-21 in. long ; pedicels 2—4 lin. long, filiform ;

sepals #-1 lin. long, linear, acute; corolla-tube 3—2 lin. long,

pubescent within with fine deflexed hairs ; lobes suberect, 13-2? lin.

long, }-? lin. broad at the base, linear, acute, very minutely

papillate-scaberulous on the inner face, greenish-yellow, at length

becoming reddish or purplish (Burchell) ; corona-lobes arising at the

base of the staminal column and adpressed to it, united at the very

base by a pocket-like fold under the anther-wings, erect, $—} lin.

long, fleshy, laterally flattened, linear (viewed sideways), acute,

grooved down the narrow back, with an oblique keel or ridge on

each side near the base, white; staminal column }~-3 lin. long ;

anther-appendages minute, obtuse, erect, adpressed to the base of

the tapering (angular?) style-apex, which is exserted 1-1} lin.

beyond them and minutely 2-lobed at the acute apex. Harv. Gen.

S. Afr. Pl. ed. i. 226 ; Meisn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1843,

546 (by error 446); Krauss in Flora, 1844, 827; Decne in DC.

Prodr. viii. 521 ; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 10, and

Journ. Bot. 1896, 457. Apocynum lineare, Linn. f. Suppl. 169 ;

Thunb. Prodr. 47; in Nov. Act. Acad. Petrop. xiv. 511; Fl. Cap.

ed. 2, ii. 160, and ed. Schultes, 237 ; Lam. Encyel. i. 215 ; Willd. Sp.

Pl. i. 1262; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 275. A. lanceolatum, Thunb. Prodr.

47, in Nov. Act. Acad, Petrop. xiv. 512; Flor. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 162,

and ed. Schultes, 237 ; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1261; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 275.

Astephanus linearis and A. lanceolatus, R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc.

i, 54; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 123; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 855 P

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 158; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 909; Decne m

Glossostephanus.| | ASCLEPIADEE (Brown). 741

DC. Prodr, viii. 508; (A. lanceolatus), Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1896, 418. Oncinema Roxburghii, Arn., and Periploca capensis, Roab.

ex Arn. in Edinb. New Phil. Journ. xvii. 261; Decne in DC. Prodr.

vili. 526.

SoutH Arrica : without locality ; Masson ! ‘

Coast REGION: Malmesbury Div. ; Zwartland, Thunberg! Worcester Div. ;

Dutoits Kloof, Drége, 1873! mountains near Worcester, Rehmann, 2497 ! Paarl

Div. ; by the Berg River, Pappe! Caledon Div., by the Zondereinde River,

Drége, 2229! Houw Hoek, Schlechter, 7375! Swellendam Div. ; Grootvaders

Bosch, Thunberg! Riversdale Div. ; by the Great Vals River, Burchell, 6556! by

the waterfall, Garcias Pass, Burchell, 6983 ! George Div. ; mountains near George,

600 ft., Bolus, 8685 ! Uniondale Div. ; near the Keurbooms River, Burchell, 5114!

Humansdorp Div. ; near Witte Els River, Galpin, 4828! Uitenhage Div. ; Van

Stadens River, MacOwan, 1930 !

Apocynum lanceolatum, Thunb., is merely the broader leaved form of the plant

and equivalent to MacOwan, 1930, Schlechter, 7375, &e.

XXI. PENTARRHINUM, E. Meyer.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla very deeply 5-lobed, rotate or reflexed ;

lobes overlapping to the left in bud. Corona of 5 lobes arising from

the base of the staminal column and alternating with the corolla-

lobes, obconic or trumpet or slipper-shaped, with infolded margins,

forming a channel or a narrow funnel-shaped cavity within, truncate

or rounded at the apex, with a horn directed forwards over or

towards the anthers. Stamens arising from the base of the corolla,

united into a tube around the ovary and style. Anthers with a

terminal membranous appendage inflexed over the apex of the style.

Pollen-masses pendulous, solitary in each anther-cell, attached in

pairs to the pollen-carriers by slender caudicles. follicles lanceo-

late, more or less beaked and more or less echinate. Seeds crowned

by a tuft of hairs.

Perennial twining herbs, with slender stems ; leaves opposite, petiolate, cordate ;

flowers small, arranged in pedunculate umbel-like corymbs, lateral at the nodes.

Distrr1B. Species 3, of which one extends into Tropical Africa and another is

endemic there.

1. P. insipidum (E. Meyer, Comm. 200); stem twining, usually ©

puberulous, sometimes glabrous ; leaves spreading ; petiole 4-2 in.

long; blade 3-3 in. long, 4-2 in. broad, cordate-ovate, acute or

acuminate, with broadly rounded basal lobes, glabrous on both

sides; peduncles lateral at the nodes, 1-3 in. long, usually

puberulous along one side, occasionally glabrous ; corymbs 1-1} in,

in diam., the axis elongating into a raceme as the flowers develop ;

bracts 4-1 lin. long, subulate, deciduous ; pedicels 4-10 lin. long,

puberulous ; sepals 1-1} lin. long, lanceolate, acute, more or less

puberulous, ciliate ; corolla reflexed ; lobes about 2 lin. long, 1-1}

lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, glabrous on both sides, minutely ciliate,

742 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). | Pentarrhinum.

green or with the apical half more or less suffused with purple-

brown ; corona-lobes about 1 lin. long, equalling the staminal

column, obconic, thick and fleshy, narrowly channelled down the

face, truncate, with a slightly projecting rim at the top, from

whence a stout central subulate tooth is directed forwards over the

tips of the anthers, cream-colour or yellow ; follicles solitary, 14-24

in. long, about } in. thick, lanceolate, acute or acuminate into a

beak, more or less tuberculate-echinate, puberulous or glabrous ;

seeds 3-34 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, ovate, plano-convex, with a thin

wing-like margin, toothed at the broadest end, rugose or sub-

reticulate on both sides with short irregular linear ridges, brown,

glabrous. Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 553; Harvey, Gen. S. Afr. Pl.

ed. i. 224, and Thes. Cap. i. 7, t. 11; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii.

Beibl. 45, 23 ; xx. Beibl. 51, 43; and xxi. Beibl. 54, 10; Journ.

Bot. 1896, 456; K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii.

244, and in Engl. Jahrb. xxx. 385; N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Afr. iv. i. 378.—Cynanchum foliis cordato-sagittatis, ke., Burm. Rar.

Afr. Pl. Dec. 2, 38, t. 16, fig. 2.

Coast Reaion: Uitenhage Div.; near Enon, Drege, 2220! Baur, 1025!

Alexander [Prior]! Klein Winterhoek, 800 ft., Drége, 3432 !

CENTRAL Reeion: Jansenville; by the Sundays River near Blue Krantz,

Drége ! Somerset Div. ; near Somerset East, Atherstone, 155! Graaff Reinet Div. ;

near Graaff Reinet, Bolus, 186 ! along the Sundays River, Bowie! Burchell, 2878 !

WEsTERN Recion: Great Namaqualand ; ‘Tiras, Schinz, 25 !

‘Katanart Region: Griqualand West; Vetberg Hills, Bowker, 26! Orange

River Colony ; Olifantsfontein, Rehmann, 3489! -and without precise locality,

Cooper, 2714! Transvaal; at the warm baths on McCord’s farm, Burtt Davy,

1201! near Pretoria, Conrath, 1003! Rustenberg, Miss Nation, 127 ! Rooiplaat,

Pienaars River, Miss Leendertz, 758 ! j

Eastern Reaion : Transkei; by the Bashee River, Bowker, 487! near Kentani,

Miss Pegler, 288! Griqualand East ; near Clydesdale, 2500 ft., Tyson, 2573! and

in MacOwan and Bolus Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 1320! Natal; near Durban,

McKen, 825! Wood, 266 ! 10167! Hilton, 3700 ft., Dimock Brown, 230! Tintern,

5000 ft., Evans! and without precise locality, Gucinzius! Gerrard, 319 ! 825!

1311! Wood, 1207! 10166!

Also in Tropical Africa,

Imperfectly known species.

2. P. coriaceum (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1894, 357); stem

twining, with somewhat woody branches, thinly velvety towards

the apex, rather densely leafy ; leaves with a short velvety petiole,

coriaceous, 14-2} in. long, {-2 in. broad below the middle, ovate-

cordate, acute or acuminate, glabrescent, with subrevolute margins ;

flowers smaller than in P. insipidum, in many-flowered cymes, not

exceeding the leaves, lateral at the nodes; peduncle and pedicels

unequal in length, thinly pilose ; sepals scarcely 1 lin. long, lanceo-

late, acute, puberulous ; corolla-lobes spreading, 2 lin. long, 1 lin.

broad at the middle ; corona-lobes thinner and much more flattened

out than in P. insipidum, subquadrate, emarginate at the apex, with

a flattened appendage just below the top on the inner face, inflexed,

Pentarrhinum.| ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 743

dilated and obtuse at the apex, decurrent as a keel below ; anther-

appendages suborbicular or oblong, very obtuse, inflexed upon the

style-apex. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 456.

Eastern Recion: Natal, Gerrard and McKen.

From the description it appears somewhat doubtful if this plant belongs to the

genus Pentarrhinum. According to Dr. Schlechter, it is only known to him

“from a small scrap collected by Gerrard and McKen in Natal,” but he does not

state in what Herbarium it exists. A very full set of Gerrard and McKen’s

plants, including some uniques, are at Kew, but neither there nor in Harvey’s

Herbarium at Dublin, nor in the British Museum have I seen any specimen that

will correspond with the description, and, according to Mr. Medley Wood, no

specimen of it can be found in the Natal Herbarium.

3. P. tylophoroides (K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

iv. ii, 244) ; inflorescence paniculate ; leaves roundish.

Soutu Arrica, Burchell (ex K. Schumann).

The above is all the description given of this plant, which probably belongs to

some other genus, but as no number is quoted, I cannot trace it among Burchell’s

plants.

XXII. CYNANCHUM, Linn.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla very deeply 5-lobed, rotate or rotate-

campanulate ; lobes overlapping and straight, or more or less twisted

in bud. Oorona arising from the staminal column, near or at its

base, either annular, cup-shaped or tubular and entire, toothed or

lobed at the top, or divided nearly or quite to the base into 5 entire

or toothed lobes, with or without a tooth, lobe, thickening or keels

within the tube in front of each of the principal teeth or lobes, or

on the inner face or at the base of the lobes when the corona is

divided. Staminal column arising at or near the base of the corolla,

constricted under the anthers into a short or long stipe (filament

part) within the corona, or the anthers nearly or quite sessile

without a stipe, tipped with membranous or slightly fleshy

appendages, inflexed or connivent over the apex of the style

or erect around it. Pollen-masses pendulous, solitary in each

anther-cell, affixed in pairs by short or long caudicles to the pollen-

carriers. Style shorter or longer than the anther-appendages,

truncate, conical or beaked at the apical part. follicles sometimes

winged or keeled, smooth or setose. Seeds crowned with a tuft

of hairs.

Stem twining, erect or decumbent, leafy, rarely leafless and

succulent ; leaves opposite ; flowers rather small, fasciculate or in

pedunculate simple umbel-like or compound and corymbose cymes,

rarely in racemes, subaxillary or lateral at the nodes.

Distrts. Species more than 100, cosmopolitan.

744 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Cynanchum.

* Plant with well developed leaves ; stems not fleshy ;

Plant shrubby, woody, not twining:

Branches recurving, white - tomentose; leaves

puberulous — as oe se .. (1) Meyeri.

Branches spreading (glabrous?) ; leaves glabrous,

glaucous .., ok ae Ae cy .-. (2) mucronatum.

Plant not shrubby, herbaceous:

Plant less than 1 ft. high ; stems erect or procum-

bent, not twining:

Leaves linear ; corona subequally 10-lobed to half-

way down oe (3) orangeanum.

Leaves ovate to suborbicular; corona shortly

5-toothed sae ey Fis ae ee» (4) Zeyheri.

Plant with twining stems usually more than 1 ft.

long :

+ Leaf-blade 3-2 in. long, cuneate, rounded, sub-

truncate or shallowly cordate at the base,

usually obtuse and apiculate at the apex, or if

acute, then not cordate at the base:

Staminal column stipitate within the corona :

Corolla-lobes 1-24 lin. long, glabrous on the

inner face ; corona 2-2 lin. long, tubular,

5-toothed :

Corolla-lobes 1-1} lin. broad, dull greenish

(or olive-brown when dried) ; teeth of

the corona }-} as long as the tube ... (5) natalitium.

Corolla-lobes 2 lin. broad, purple-brown ;

teeth of the corona at least 3 as long as

the tube... hee

Corolla-lobes 3-4 lin. long, glabrous on the

inner face; corona 24-43 lin. long,

tubular, 5-10-toothed ,.. ti ... (7) africanum.

Staminal column not stipitate :

Corolla-lobes 13-2 lin. long, minutely

puberulous on the inner face; corona ene

acutely and deeply 5-lobed Ae ... (8) obtusifolium.

Corolla-lobes 1-1} lin. long, glabrous on the

inner face; corona truncate or slightly

5-crenate at the tup : ': .

tt Leaf-blade 1-3} in. long, deeply cordate to sub-

truncate at the base, acute or attenuate-acute

at the apex ; staminal column not stipitate :

Corolla-lobes 2-3 lin. long, twisted, puberulous

on the inner face ; corona 13-2 lin. long... (10) virens.

Corolla-lobes 3 to nearly 1 lin. long, glabrous Ps

on the inner face ; corona 4-2 lin. Jong ... (11) schistoglossum.

**Plant leafless, with fleshy twining stems... .,. (12) ae He

li -

(6) intermedium.

(9) capense.

1. C. Meyeri (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 2); a shrub

or shrublet ; branches woody, strongly recurving, 1-1} lin. thick,

minutely white-tomentose ; leaves rigid, probably fleshy ; petiole

1-2 lin. long ; blade 4-4 in. long, 24-5 lin. broad, orbicular or ovate,

obtuse, apiculate, minutely puberulous on both sides; flowers in

small fascicles, axillary or terminating short axillary branchlets ;

Cynanchum. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 745

pedicels }—} lin. long, puberulous ; sepals } lin. long, 4-1 lin. broad,

ovate, obtuse or subacute, puberulous; corolla lobed to 3 of the

way down, glabrous outside and within ; lobes erect or campanu-

lately spreading, } lin. long, } lin. broad, oblong, obtuse ; corona

+ lin. long, tubular-ovoid, 5-lobed, with subtruncate interspaces, no

teeth or appendages within ; lobes oblong, obtuse, revolute at the

tips ; staminal column } lin. long, not stipitate ; anther-appendages

lanceolate, acute, connivent above the very obtuse style-apex.

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 11, and Journ. Bot. 1896, 456.

Sarcostemma ovatum, E. Meyer, Comm. 221; Harv. Gen. S. A Te dey

ed. i, 224; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 907. Cynoctonum Meyeri, Decne in DC.

Prodr. viii. 531. Vincetoaicum Meyeri, Benth. & Hook f. ex Ind.

Kew, ii. 1204; Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 424.

WesTERN RegIon : Little Namaqualand ; hills near Arris, towards the mouth

of the Orange River, Drége, 3048 !

2. C. mucronatum (N. E. Br.); “stem shrubby, terete, with

spreading branches; leaves opposite, petiolate, subcordate-oblong,

mucronate, glaucous, entire, l-nerved, veiny, glabrous, about the

size of a finger-nail ; peduncles axillary, umbellate, about 6-flowered,

shorter than the petioles ; outer corolla brownish-red, rotate ; inner

corolla (corona) whitish, urceolate, 5-fid, the teeth alternating with

the pollen-masses ; pollen-masses pendulous, yellowish-white, oblong,

united to a fulvous nodule concealed under folds of the column ;

genital column with acute erect membranes (anther-appendages) at

the apex.” Metaplexis mucronata, Spreng. Neue Entdeck. Pf. i. 269,

and Syst. Veg. i. 854; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 112; G. Don, Gen.

Syst. iv..155; Harv. Gen. South Afr. Pl. ed. i. 227 ; Dietr. Syn. Pl.

li. 908, excluding synonym Aselepias mucronata, Thunb., from all.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, ex Sprengel.

This plant must be closely allied to C. Meyeri, and may perhaps be that species,

but differs according to the description in having spreading (not recurved)

branches, and veiny glabrous glaucous leaves.

3. C. orangeanum (N. E. Br.); rootstock woody ; plant herba-

ceous, much branched at the base, 24-5 (6-8 ex Schlechter) in. high ;

branches erect or ascending, varying from glabrous to minutely

puberulous all over or at the tips only, leafy ; leaves 3-1} in. long,

3-% lin. broad, linear or linear-filiform, acute or obtuse, with

thickened or perhaps revolute margins, glabrous ; umbels sessile or

pedunculate, lateral at the nodes, 2—4-flowered ; peduncle 0-23 lin.

long ; bracts minute ; pedicels 1-3 lin. long, glabrous or minutely

puberulous ; sepals 3—} lin. long, ovate, acute, puberulous ; corolla-

lobes 14-1} lin. long, 7-1 lin. broad, suberect, ovate-lanceolate,

obtusely pointed and often minutely notched at the apex, glabrous

on both sides or with a few minute hairs on the back, apparently

greenish on the inner face; corona arising at the base of the

Staminal column, 14-1} lin. long, tubular-campanulate, subequally

10-lobed to nearly or quite half-way down, white ; tube plicate, so

746 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Cynanchum.

that the linear-terete lobes alternating with the corolla-lobes are

folded inwards, solid at the apical half, with the margins in-

curved and forming a channel on the lower half (convex-cucullate,

ex Schlechter), then decurrent as infolded-contiguous keels on the

upper part of the tube ; the lobes opposite the corolla-lobes with a

broad deltoid base, narrowed into a short linear obtuse point,

slightly convex on the inner face below, but without keels or other

processes ; staminal column 2-3 lin. long, with the greenish anthers

forming a short cone, having 5 small excavations beneath them ;

anther-appendages suborbicular, erect, adpressed to the sides of the

stout conical obtuse greenish style-apex, which is shortly exserted

beyond them, but is shorter than the corona; follicles 14-2} in.

long, lanceolate-fusiform, tapering into a long beak, smooth, minutely

puberulous. Flanagania orangeana, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii.

Beibl. 45, 10, and Journ. Bot. 1896, 457.

CrenTRAL Recion : Colesberg Div. ; near Colesberg, Shaw, 58! 59!

Katanarr Region: Griqualand West; near Warrenton, Miss Adams, 129!

205! Dutoits Pan, Tuck! Orange River Colony; by the Orange River, near

Bethulie, Flanagan, 1502! Bechuanaland; north of the Mashowing River,

Burehell, 2330 !

I find no character to generically distinguish this plant from Cynanchum.

Although having a wide range, it would appear to be a rare plant, as only four

collectors seem to have met with it since its discovery by Burchell in 1812.

4. ©. Zeyheri (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 3) ; root-

stock woody, deeply descending, dividing at ground-level into

several or many herbaceous branching stems 3-12 in. long, more

or less procumbent or when short sometimes erect, slender, glabrous

to puberulous ; leaves small, thick, probably slightly fleshy when

alive ; petiole 1-44 lin. long, channelled and puberulous above ;

blade 24-11 lin. long, 2-6 lin. broad, ovate, oblong-ovate or sub-

orbicular, obtuse or acute, apiculate, glabrous ; umbels lateral at

the nodes, pedunculate, 2-5-flowered; peduncles 1-4 lin. long,

glabrous or with a few very minute hairs; bracts very minute ;

pedicels 2-4 lin. long, glabrous; sepals about 3 lin. long, ovate,

acute, glabrous; corolla-lobes spreading, or ascending-spreading,

usually more or less twisted, or at least with revolute margins,

14-1} lin. long, $ lin. broad, linear-oblong, subobtuse, glabrous on

both sides, dark brown (Harvey) ; corona arising at the base of the

staminal column, #—1 lin. long, tubular-campanulate or cup-shaped,

shortly 5-toothed at the top, not subentire as originally described,

without keels or other appendages within, white ; staminal column

+1 lin. long, contracted below the anthers into a rather long stipe ;

anther-appendages ovate, acute, connivent over and concealing the

umbonate style-apex ; follicles solitary, 13-2} in. long and 5-7 lin.

thick, lanceolate-fusiform, tapering into a beak, with a keel on each

side of the opening suture, smooth, glabrous ; seeds 3-3} lin. long,

2 lin. broad, ovate, nearly flat on one side, very slightly convex on

the other, finely rugulose-tuberculate all over, light brown.

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 457.

Cynanchum.| ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). 747

Coast Recion: Cape Div. ; Lion Mountain, Ecklon and Zeyher, 78! Faure!

Schlechter, 11504! Greenpoint, Hcklon and Zeyher! Pappe, 67! near the Light-

house at Cape Town, Prior! by the Lion Battery, Wolley Dod, 1149! shore

north of Camps Bay, Wolley Dod, 3445 !

The corona is described by Dr. Schlechter as subentire with lamella or keels on

the inner face. I do not find it so in any of the specimens above quoted.

5. C. natalitium (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 32) ;

stem twining, }-1 lin. thick, puberulous on the young parts, be-

coming glabrous ; leaves thinly to thickly coriaceous when dried,

evidently sometimes fleshy ; petiole }—} in. long; blade $—1? in.

long, 4-1 in. broad, oblong, elliptic or suborbicular, very obtuse or

broadly rounded at the apex, apiculate, rounded or somewhat

cuneate at the base, thinly puberulous with minute curved hairs on

both sides or glabrous ; umbels lateral at the nodes, pedunculate,

6—16-flowered ; peduncles 1—} in. long, puberulous on one side ;

bracts minute, deltoid ; pedicels 2-4 lin. long, glabrous or slightly

puberulous ; sepals }$—} lin. long, ovate, acute, glabrous or

puberulous ; corolla-lobes widely spreading, about 2 lin. long and

1-1} lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, glabrous on both sides, dull green,

often drying brown ; corona tubular, usually slightly narrowed at

the shortly 5-toothed mouth, white; tube 13-1} lin. long; teeth

{-3 lin. long, truncate, the spaces between them broad, concave,

with recurved margins; staminal column | lin. long, contracted

below the depressed subglobose antheriferous part into a fluted

stipe ; anther-appendages lanceolate, acute, closely incumbent _on

the obtuse style-apex; follicles 2-24 in. long, j-} in. thick,

lanceolate-fusiform, beaked or acuminate, acute or obtuse, with a

harrow wing on each side and a keel down the back, glabrous,

puberulous when young. Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 6 ;

Journ. Bot. 1896, 457, and Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xv. 69 ;

Wood, Natal Pl. iv. t. 301. Cynoctonwm capense, E. Meyer, Comm.

216, as to “d.”

Soutu Arrica: without locality, Drége, 4953 !

Coast Recion: Bathurst Div. ; near Port Alfred, Burchell, 3819! Penther,

793! near the mouth of the Fish River, Burchell, 3753! Riet River, Mrs. White ’

49! Albany Div. ; Sister Rocks near Fairfield, Hutton ! King Williamstown Div. ;

Keiskamma, Mrs. Hutton ! East London Div. ; near East London, Galpin, 1831!

EasteRN ReGion: Transkei; near the coast, Miss Pegler, 76! Bowker!

Pondoland ; between Umtentu River and Umzimkulu River, Drége ! Natal: near

Durban, Sanderson, 547! Schlechter, 3082! Wentworth Bluff, Sanderson, 436

partly! Bluff, Wood, 5387.

6. C. intermedium (N. E. Br.) ; plant about 14-2 ft. high ; stems

twining, slender, }—} lin. thick, glabrous ; leaves thinly coriaceous,

apparently not fleshy ; petiole 14—2 lin. long, slender ; blade }—} in.

long, 4-5 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse or subacute, apiculate, broadly

rounded at the base, glabrous on both sides or with a few minute

hairs on the midrib beneath ; umbels lateral at the nodes, pedun-

748 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Cynanchum.

culate, 2-5-flowered ; peduncles }—} in. long, glabrous; bracts

minute, lanceolate, acute, glabrous; sepals 3—? lin. long, } lin.

broad, ovate, acute, glabrous; corolla-lobes 2-2} lin. long, ? lin.

broad, oblong-lanceolate, acute, glabrous on both sides, purple-

brown; corona tubular, 5-toothed ; tube 14-1} lin. long ; teeth

}—} lin. long, linear, obtuse, erect, the spaces between them rounded

with recurved margins ; staminal column 1-1} lin. long, contracted

under the conical antheriferous part into a slightly fluted stipe ;

anther-appendages ovate-lanceolate, acute, connivent over the

obtusely conical style-apex ; follicles solitary, about 2 in. long,

lanceolate-fusiform, long-beaked, apparently narrowly 2-winged,

glabrous.

Coast Recion: Port Elizabeth Div. ; near Port Elizabeth, 250 ft., West in

MacOwan, Herb, Austr.-Afr., 1924 !

Closely allied to C. natalitium, but evidently a smaller and much more slender

plant, with less fleshy leaves. It is possibly a hybrid between C’. africanum and

C. natalitium, but does not quite agree with either species.

7. C, africanum (R. Br. Prodr. 463); plant branching from the

base into several twining stems, thinly or densely covered with a_

soft spreading pubescence ; leaves thinly coriaceous or rather thick

and probably somewhat fleshy, more or less pubescent on both sides

or glabrous ; petiole 1-3 lin. long; blade 1—1 in. long, 4—} in.

broad, suborbicular, ovate, elliptic-oblong or oblong, acute or obtuse,

apiculate, rounded to subcordate at the base ; umbels lateral at the

nodes, 5—7-flowered ; peduncles }—11 in. long, pubescent to nearly

glabrous ; bracts about 1 lin. long, ovate or deltoid-ovate, acute ;

pedicels 1-5 lin. long, pubescent ; sepals 1-1} lin. long, 3—} lin.

broad, ovate, acute, pubescent to nearly glabrous; corolla-tube

5—? lin. long ; lobes 3-4 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, oblong-linear, obtuse,

recurving or twisted and suberect, glabrous on both sides or slightly

pubescent on the back, dark purple-brown ; corona 24—4$ lin. long,

tubular, usually irregularly about 10-toothed, but sometimes with

5 entire or bifid teeth 4-1 lin. long at the top, glabrous, white ;

staminal column 21-34 lin. long, terete, suddenly contracted under

the anthers into a slender stipe 13—2# lin. long ; anther-appendages

lanceolate, acute, connivent over the shortly conical minutely

2-lobed style-apex ; follicles about 24 in. long and 4~44 lin. thick,

narrowly lanceolate, tapering into a long slender acute beak,

puberulous ; seeds 24-2? lin. long, ovate, concave on one side,

convex on the other, minutely tuberculate-rugose, light brown.

Hoffmansegg, Verzeichn. 54; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51,

5, and xxi. Beibl. 54,11; Journ. Bot. 1896, 457, and Ann. Naturhist.

Hoffmus. Wien, xviii. 398. C. piloswum, R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc.

1, 46; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 77 ; Bot. Reg. t. 111; Schultes, Syst.

Veg. vi. 100; Spreng. Syst. i. 851; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 153 ;

Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 904. Cynoctonum crassifolium, E. Meyer, var.

pilosa, Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 530. Cynoctonum pilosum, E. Meyer,

Comm. 216; Meisn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1843, 545 (by

Cynanchum. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 749

error 445); Krauss in Flora, 1844, 827. Vincetoxicum africanum,

Kunize, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 422 ; Bolus ea Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx.

Beibl. 51, 5, and Journ, Bot. 1896, 457, in syn. V. pilosum, Nichols.

Dict. Gard. iv. 160. Periploca africana, Linn. Sp. P!. ed. i. 211;

Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 301; Thunb. Prodr. 47; in Nov. Act. Acad.

Petrop. xiv. 518; Fl. Cap. ed. 2, 152, and ed. Schultes, 233 :

Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1251; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 272; Poir. Encyel. v. 190.

P. pallida, Salisb. Prodr. 148.—Apocynum scandens africanum, éc.,

Commelin, Hort. Med. Amst. Pl. Rar. 18, t. 18.

Var. 8, crassifolium (N. E. Br.) ; stem, leaves and iaflorsse mee quite glabrous.

C. crassifolium, R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 46; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 101;

Spreng. Syst. i. 851; @. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 153; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 904. C.

rotundifolium, Thunb. ? ex Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 552. Cynoctonum crassi-

folium, E. Meyer, Comm. 216 partly; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 530, excl.

synonyms ; Meisn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1843, 545 (by error 445). C.

crassifiorum, Krauss in Flora, 1844, 827.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Herb. Linneus! Kiggelaer! Nelson! Harvey,

413! Pappe! Herb. Miller! Var. B: Harvey, 248!

Coast Reeion: Clanwilliam Div.; near Modderfontein, Penther, 2411 (ex

Schlechter), by the Oliphants River, Schlechter, 4988 ! Malmesbury Div. ; Saldanha

Bay, Dréye, 230b! Tulbagh Div. ; New Kloof, near Tulbagh, Burchell, 1018!

Tulbagh Waterfall, Ecklon and Zeyher! Mosterts Berg, MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-

Afr. 1634! Paarl Div. ; Paarl, Prior (Alexander)! Cape Div. ; Cape Flats and

other parts of the Cap2 Peninsula, Thunberg! Burchell, 370! Zeyher, 1176!

Harvey, 236! Bolus, 4019! and in Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 1087! Galpin, 4331 !

Wolley Dod, 1615 ! 2995! 3607! Wilms, 3479! Wright, 592! Knysna Div. ; by the

Gouwkamma River, Arawss, 1256 (ex Meisner), Var. B: Clanwilliam Div. ;

Lamberts Bay, Schlechter, 8547 ! Piquetberg Div. ; St. Helena Bay, Hove! Cape

Div. ; Paarden Island, Drége, 230! Wolley Dod, 3151! Humansdorp Div. ;

Zitzikamma, Krauss, 1257 (ex Meisner).

Var. 8 is only a glabrous maritime form.

8. C. obtusifolium (Linn. f. Suppl. 169); stems twining,

glabrous ; leaves spreading, thinly coriaceous, glabrous; petiole

2-7 lin. long; blade 3-14 in. long, 4-1} in. broad, oblong to broadly

elliptic or almost suborbicular, obtuse and apiculate at the apex,

rounded, subtruncate or cordate at the base, glabrous on both

sides ; flowers in small shortly pedunculate fascicles or umbel-like

cymes, the axis of which gradually elongates to 2-6 lin. long,

occasionally branches and is spirally marked with the scars of fallen

flowers ; peduncles 4—5 lin. long, glabrous ; bracts minute ; pedicels

1-1} lin. long, glabrous; sepals 3 to nearly 1 lin. long, }—} lin.

broad, ovate, acute or subobtusely pointed, glabrous ; corolla-lobes

apparently very spreading, 14-2 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad, ovate-

oblong, or oblong, subobtuse, glabrous on the back, minutely

puberulous on the inner face ; corona 3-1} lin. long, 5-lobed to $ or

% of the way down, with a small two-toothed rounded or lanceolate

lobule alternating with the lobes, and the basal part shortly cup-

shaped: lobes ovate, acuminate, more or less denticulate on the

Margins, incurved over the staminal column or rarely erect, with

2 keels on the inner face and rarely with a minute appendage at

750 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Cynanchum.

the apex in front of the point ; staminal column 3-1 lin. long, not

contracted into a stipe under the anthers; anther-appendages

broadly ovate or suborbicular, obtuse, inflexed on the top of the

style-apex, which has the centre slightly exserted as a minute bifid

tubercle, from which 5 ridges radiate to the angles; follicles

solitary, 2-21 in. long, }-3 in. thick, lanceolate, obtusely beaked,

leathery or perhaps somewhat fleshy, with a keel down each side of

the ventral face, and one on the back, smooth, glabrous; seeds

21 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, ovate, flattened on one side, convex on

the other very narrowly margined, nearly smooth, glabrous, very

dark brown. Lam. Encycl. ii. 236; Thunb. Prodr. 46 ; in Weber

and Mohr, Archiv. i. (1804), 30, t. 1; Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 159, and ed.

Schultes, 236; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1253; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 272;

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 10; xx. Beibl. 51, 4;

xxi. Beibl. 54,11, and Journ. Bot. 1896, 457. ©. capense, R. Br.

in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 46; and perhaps also of Spreng. Syst. Veg. i.

852 ; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 905, and G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 153, not of

Linn. f. or Thunb. Periploca africana B, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 211 ;

Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1251; Poir. Encycl. v. 190. Cynoctonum Brownii,

Meisn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1843, 546 (by error 446), in note.

C. dregeanum, Decne in DO. Prodr. viii. 531. C. erassifolium, E.

Meyer, Comm. 216, partly, not of R. Br. Vincetoxicum dregeanum,

Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 424.—Cynanchum foliis planis, &e., Burm.

Rar. Afr. Pl. Dec. 2, 34, t. 14, fig. 2.

Var. 8, pilosum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 10); stem, leaves

and inflorescence, excepting the corolla, thinly to densely pubescent or sub-

tomentose, or the leaves nearly glabrous ; corona 3-14 lin. long, with erect lobes ;

staminal column 3-1 lin. long ; follicles puberulous or pubescent ; seeds 3-34

lin. long, 2 lin. broad, rather light brown ; otherwise as in the type.

Sout AFrica: without locality, Herb. Linn, fil! Thunberg! Masson! Nelson !

Oldenberg ! Forster! Herb. Miller ! :

Coast Rrcron: Cape Div. ; Camps Bay, Burchell, 357 ! Harvey | Kalk Bay,

Wolley Dod, 2146! Bolus, 4914! near Simonstown, Schlechter, 320! Paarden

Island, Drége, near Cape Town, Rehmann, 1212! George Div. ; near George,

Prior! Pacaltsdorp, Schlechter, 2457! Knysna Div. ; near Knysna, Burchell, 5395 :

Uitenhage Div. ; near Uitenhage, Prior! by the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 582!

Port Elizabeth Div. ; near Port Elizabeth, Bolus, 2233! Albany Div. ; Howisons

Poort, near Grahamstown, Hutton! Bathurst Div. ; coast, Hutton! | Var. B:

Cape Div. ; Bushy Dell, Simonstown, Wolley Dod, 848! Knysna Diy. ; near

Knysna, Burchell, 5480! Uitenhage Div. ; near the Leadmine, Burchell, 4505 !

Komgha Div. ; near the mouth of the Kei River, Flanagan, 382 !

EastERN Rearon : Var. 8: Transkei ; near Kentani, Miss Pegler, 1294! Natal 3

B-rea at Durban, Cooper, 1265! McKen, 7! near Durban, Gerrard, 516! Grant!

Wilms, 2143! Wood, 1662! 3910! 5422 (also distributed as 5322)! Inanda,

segye Sea-coast, Gerrard, 517! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 618!

12! 713!

This species appears to be dimorphic, as both in the type and in var. pilosum I

find nda strep at tinaek; one be ariel the corolla-lobes are about 13-19 lin.

long a.d somewhat ovate in shape, combined with a staminal column 4--§ lin.

long, with very short anther-wings ; the other with oblong corolla-lobes acai

2 lin. long, combined with a staminal column 1 lin. long, having very geass

longer auther-wings. These two forms of flower do not correspond to differen

Cunanchum.] ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 751

geographical areas, but are intermingled throughout the range of the species.

Probably Vincetowicum obtusifolium, var. crassifolium, Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii.

200, from East London, should be referred to this species, as from the locality

it can scarcely be the same as Cynoctonum crassifolium, E, Meyer, which Kuntze

quotes as a synonym.

9. C. capense (Thunb. Prodr. 47, not of Linn. f., nor R. Br.) ;

stem twining, becoming woody at the base, glabrous; leaves her-

baceous or thinly coriaceous, glabrous ; petiole 2-9 lin. long ; blade

$-2 in. long, 4-1 in. broad, oblong to broadly elliptic-oblong, acute

to very broadly rounded or emarginate and apiculate, rounded or

slightly subcordate at the base; cymes simple and umbel-like or

branched, lateral at the nodes, usually 2-14- or occasionally up to

30-flowered, glabrous in all parts; peduncle 1-3 in. long ; pedicels

23-43 lin. long; sepals 4—} lin. long, broadly ovate to oblong,

obtuse, glabrous ; corolla lobed nearly to the base, dark-coloured ;

lobes 1-14 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, spreading, half

twisted, glabrous on both sides ; corona 14-1} lin. long, cup-shaped,

truncate or slightly 5-crenate at the top, white ; staminal column

2-3 lin. long, not stipitate ; anther-appendages lanceolate, acute,

connivent above the obtuse top of the style-apex ; follicles solitary,

1{-2 in. long, about } in. thick near the base, thence tapering into

along acute beak, smooth, glabrous ; seeds (immature) 4 in. long,

elongate-ovate, slightly rugose, blackish-brown. Thunb. in Weber

and Mohr, Archiv. i. (1804), 51; Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 159; and ed.

Schultes, 236; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 102, partly, as to Thunberg’s

plant only ; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 32 in note ;

xx. Beibl. 51, 6 ; and xxi. Beibl. 54, 10 ; Journ. Bot. 1896, 457, and

Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xv. 69. Cynoctcnum capense, E.

Meyer, Comm. 216, partly ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 530; Meisn. in

Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1843, 545 (by error 445); Krauss in

Flora, 1844, 827. Bunburia elliptica, Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed.

i. 417. Vincetoxicum capense, Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 424;

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 6.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg ! ' :

Coast Recon: George Div.; near George, Prior! near Kaimans River,

Schlechter, 2382! Knysna Div.; near Knysna, Burchell, 5482! Bowie! Homtini

Pass, Galpin, 4330! Humansdorp Div. ; Zitzikamma, Arauss, 1255 (ex Meisner)

Uitenhage Div, ; by the Koega River and between the Zuurberg Ranze and

Sunday River, Drége ! near Uitenhage, Haagner in Herb. Conrath, 1004! Krook,

830 (ex Schlechter) ; Sam Tees Vlatke, Drége! Albany Div. ; near Grahamstown,

Zeyher, 889 ! Bunbury, 163! Atherstone, 8! 462! Cooper, 1515! MacOwan, 1011 !

Komgha Div. ; near Komgha, Flanagan, 254 (ex Schlechter).

CentRaL REGION: Somerset Div. ; near Somerset East, Bowker, 111! Graaff

Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet, Burchell, 2116! 2879! Bolus, 64! Rattray, 83 !

between Graaff Reinet and Melk River, Burchell, 2948 ! 2953/7!

Katanart Rearon: Transvaal; Rietfontein, Zoutpansberg Range, Miss

Leendertz, 901 !

Eastern Recon : Natal ; between Pinetown and Umbilo, Rehmann, 8061! near

Durban, Kehmann, 8797 ! Wood, 611 (not 611 from Inanda)! 4882 (ex Schlechter),

and in MacOwan and Bolus, Herb, Norm. Austr.-Afr., 1321! and without precise

locality, Guienzius! Cooper, 1282! Gerrard, 313! 515 !

752 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Cynanchum.

The Natal specimens seem mostly to have a slightly 5-crenulate corona, which

is not the case in those from the other regions. Specimens of C. schistoglossum

have also been distributed by Mr. Wood under the number 611.

Until now all authors have erroneously identified Cynanchum capense, Linn. f.,

with this plant, no one having taken the trouble to examine his type The dis-

tinguishing characters in Linneus’ description of C. capense are:— “* Leaves

obsoletely cordate-ovate, mucronate, smooth, the younger ovate, the adult

emarginate with a mucro” and “‘Pedicels capillary, longer than the peduncle.”

In the Linnean Herbarium are 2 sheets of good specimens under Cynanchum

bearing the name ‘‘capense” upon them in Linnean handwriting. The first of

these contains a specimen of Pentatropis microphylla, Wight and Arn., an Indian

plant, collected by Kénig, as quoted by Linneus fil. ; the second contains a

specimen of the South African Cynanchum obtusifolium, Linn. f., probably the

one from Sparrmann referred to by Linnaeus fil. With the latter, the characters

above noted, especially as to the pedicels, do not accord, whilst they exactly agree

with the specimen of: Pentatropis microphylla, from which latter it is clearly

evident Linneus fil. made his description of C. capense, therefore the name

C. capense, Linn. f., must henceforth be quoted as a synonym of Pentatropis

microphylla, Wight and Arn.

I have also examined the types of Cynanchum capense of Robert Brown and of

Thunberg. The former I find to be C. obtusifolium, Linn. f., of which I have also

seen the type. Thunberg’s type of C. capense is, however, that which I have

above described, and his name as the authority for this species must now replace

that of Linn. f. There is no specimen of C. capense, Thunb., in the Linnean

Herbarium under Cynanchum or the allied genera.

10. C. virens (Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 905, not of 906) ; stem twining,

glabrous or slightly puberulous ; leaves herbaceous ; petiole 4—2 in.

long ; blade 1-34 in. long, }-14 in. broad across the cordate base,

thence tapering to an acute apex, glabrous or thinly sprinkled with

minute curved hairs on one or both sides : cymes umbel-like, axillary,

3-15-flowered ; peduncles 1-6 lin. long; pedicels 14-2 lin. long,

glabrous or with a few minute curved hairs ; sepals 1-1} lin. long,

| lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ; corolla-tube 4 lin long ;

lobes 2-3 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad at the ovate-lanceolate base,

tapering into a linear twisted point, glabrous on the back, puberulous

on the inner face ; corona very deeply 5-lobed ; tube about 3 lin.

long, shortly cupular ; lobes erect, 14—-1# lin. long, 4 lin. broad at the

base, thence tapering to a very acute point, with a small oblong or

rounded appendage near their base on the inner face, which varies

from being entirely adnate to nearly free; staminal column not

quite 1 lin. long, not stipitate ; anther-appendages ovate, inflexed

upon the short obtusely conical style-apex ; follicles stout, solitary

or in pairs, 2-24 in. long, 3-3} in. thick, lanceolate or ovate lance-

olate, tapering into a beak, smooth, glabrous. Steud. Nom. Bot. ed.

2, i. 462; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 552; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb.

xx. Beibl. 51, 2 and 42 ; xxi. Beibl. 54,11; and Journ Bot. 1896,

456. Cynoctonum virens, E. Meyer, Comm. 216 ; Decne in DC. Prodr.

viii. 552. Endotropis Meyeri, Deene, l.c. 546. Vincetoxicum virens,

Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 424.

iB Coasr Recion : Queenstown Div.; between Klipplaat River and Zwartkei River,

Drege, 3433 !

Cynanchum. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 753

CrentTRaAL Recton: Aliwal North Div..; by the Orange River near Aliwal North,

Drege! Burke, 386! Albert Div. ; between the Zuurberg Range and Stormberg

Spruit, Zeyher, 1155! Stormberg Spruit, Burke, 453! Hopetown Div. ; near

Hopetown, Muskett in Herb. Bolus, 2566 !

KaaHart Recion: Orange River Colony, Hutton! Mrs. Barber! Transvaal ;

near Pretoria, Schlechter, 4149! Conrath, 1057! Irene, Miss Leendertz, 673 !

11. C. schistoglossum (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1895, 271);

stem twining, minutely pubescent, becoming glabrous ; leaves thin,

spreading ; petiole }—1} in. long, slender, puberulous along the channel

on the upper side ; blade 1-3} in. long, 4-12 in. broad, elongate-

oblong or oblong-ovate, acute or acuminate, varying from subtruncate

_to deeply cordate at the base, with rounded basal lobes, glabrous or

with a sparse pubescence on both sides ; cymes lateral at the nodes,

umbel-like or the axis elongating with age into a short raceme,

pedunculate or subsessile, 5- to many-flowered ; peduncles 1-8 lin.

long, puberulous ; pedicels 1-4 lin. long, puberulous ; sepals }—# lin.

long, ovate, acute or acuminate, puberulous ; corolla 14-2 lin. in

diam. ; lobes ascending-spreading, 3 to nearly 1 lin. long, ovate or

oblong, subacute, glabrous, green (Schlechter); corona arising from

the base of the staminal column and equalling or shortly exceeding

it, }-3 lin. long, cup-shaped, white, very variable in toothing and

lobing, usually with 5 entire or bifid teeth from a broad base, with

or without 5 minute teeth alternating with them, but sometimes

with 5 pairs of filiform teeth, sometimes divided to the base into 5

cuneately subquadrate lobes alternating with the anthers, produced

at the apical angles into teeth and entire or denticulate between

them ; usually there are 2 slight keels within opposite each of the

principal teeth, or when divided into quadrate lobes there is a keel

near each margin, but in some flowers the keels seem absent or are

obliterated in the process of drying ; staminal column not exceeding

the corona, not stipitate ; anther-appendages suborbicular, inflexed

over the style-apex, which has a minute central projection.

- Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 457; N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Afr. iv. i. 395; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 688. ©. vagum, N. E.

Br., and C. brevidens and var. zambesiacum, N. E. Br. in Kew

Bulletin, 1895, 257. ©. minutiflorum, K. Schum. in Engl. and

Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 252, and in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg.

xxxvii. 123.

Eastern Region: Natal; near Phoenix, Schlechter, 7090! 7804! Inanda,

Wood, 611 (not 611 from near Durban)! near Umhlanga River, Wood, 5664! and

without precise locality, Gerrard, 1306!

Also in Tropical Africa.

As I have stated in the Flora of Tropical Africa, this is one of the most

variable Asclepiads (as to its coronal structure) that I have examined. But the

few Natal specimens I have seen usually have the corona as detailed in the first

part of the above description, yet as I have found this form of corona and one or

more variations of it upon the same individual among the Tropical African

specimens, I have included the chief variations in the above description, as they

are not unlikely to occur upon South African examples.

VOL. IV.—SECT. I.—PART V. 3C

754 ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). [ Cynanchum.

12. C. sarcostemmatoides (K. Schum. in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. ©,

323) ; stem very similar to that of Sarcostemma viminale, but more

slender, 3-14 lin. thick, twining, succulent, leafless or with minute

sessile ovate acute rudimentary leaves }—} lin. long, glabrous ;

flowers few or several, umbellately fascicled on short lateral

tubercles, which with age grow to } in. long and are marked with

the contiguous spirals of scars of fallen flowers; pedicels 1-2 lin.

long, glabrous ; sepals }-} lin. long, ovate, acute, glabrous ; corolla

rotate or perhaps slightly recurved, about 2} lin. in diam. ; lobes

1 lin. long, oblong-ovate, acute, glabrous on both sides, green ;

corona cup-shaped, 5-toothed, white, arising from the base of the

staminal column and as long as it, 3—? lin. long, including the shortly

ovate or oblong teeth, which are inflexed over the backs of the

anthers, with 5 pairs of keels decurrent from their margins within

the tube ; below the keels the corona is attached to the staminal

' column by 5 short septa; anther-appendages broad and rounded,

inflexed in 5 marginal depressions of the pentagonal style-apex,

which has a small truncate central boss ; follicles solitary (always 1),

2 in. long, 3-34 lin. thick, terete, acuminate, smooth, glabrous ;

seeds flattened, } in. long, ovate, softly pubescent on both sides.

N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 399. C. sarcostemmoides,

K. Schwm. in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 252. Sareo-

stemma aphyllum, R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 51, partly ; H. Meyer,

Comm. 221; Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 1, 224 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg.

vi. 116; D. Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 907 ; Decne in DC. Prodr. vili. 538 ;

K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 256 ; Schlechter

in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 10; xxi. Beibl. 54, 11 and in Journ.

Bot. 1896, 457. Asclepias aphylla, Thunb. Prodr. Pl. Cap. 47 ;

Nov. Act. Acad. Petrop. xiv. (1805), 506 ; Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 183,

and ed. Schultes, 234, partly, as confirmed by one of the three specimens

in his herbarium ; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1262. Sarcostemma tetrapterum,

Turcz., (and Monostemma tetrapterum, Turez., and M. aphyllum, Ture.

ex Index Kewensis, ii. 260) in Bull. Soc. Mosc. 1848, 1. 255. S. Thun-

bergii, G. Don, Gen. Syst.iv. 156. Sarcocyphula Gerrardi, Harv.

Thes. Cap. ii. 58, t. 191, and Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 2, 237.

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div. ; between Sundays River and Addo, Drege!

hills between the Zwartkops River and Sundays River, Zeyher, 671! near

Uitenhage, Ecklon, 56 (ex Turczaninow). Bathurst Div. ? Glenfilling, Drege!

Albany Div. ; hill near the Botanic Garden, Grahamstown, Tidmarsh | and

jlcage! peso locality, Bowker ! King Williamstown Div. ; near King Williams-

wn, Weale !

Py a Recion : Natal; Tugela, Gerrard, 1321! Mooi River Thorns, Wood,

Also in Tropical Africa,

_ Thunberg gives the localities ‘‘ Karoo across Hartequas (Attaquas) Kloof’

in Oudtshoorn Div., and ‘‘near the Hex River” in Worcester Div. for his

Asclepias aphylla, but 1 do not know which locality belongs to the present

awe and which to Sarcostemma viminale, both being named A, aphylla in his

rbarium.

Cynanchum. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 755

Imperfectly known species.

13. C. hastatum (Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 273) ; leaves subhastate-lanceo-

late, with rounded auricles; flowers fasciculate, subsessile. C.

lanceolatum, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. ii. 430 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 111.

AFRICA,

This may not be a South African plant. It is impossible to determine it from

the description.

XXIII. SARCOSTEMMA, R. Br.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla 5-lobed nearly to the base, rotate or

rotate-campanulate; lobes overlapping in bud. Corona double,

arising from the filament part of the staminal column; outer

corona annular or cup-shaped, pentagonal, truncate or shortly

lobed ; inner corona of 5 erect fleshy compressed or keeled lobes,

embraced at the base by the outer corona. Staminal column arising

from the base of the corolla; anthers with terminal membranous

appendages inflexed upon the apex of the style or ascending and

surrounding it. Pollen-masses pendulous, solitary in each anther-

cell, attached in pairs by short slender caudicles to the pollen-

carriers. Style-apex convex, shortly conical or shortly produced and

often slightly bifid.

Leafless fleshy shrubs ; stems branching, terete, trailing or twining ; flowers in

sessile umbels, terminal or lateral at the nodes.

Disrris. Species few, in the dry parts of the tropical and subtropical regions

of the Old World.

1. 8. viminale (R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 51); stems trailing

or twining, or perhaps forming a bush, succulent, glabrous, becoming

woody, and sometimes with a very thick corrugated corky bark

when old ; flowering branches 1-3 lin. thick, leafless or with minute

ovate rudimentary leaves }—1 lin. long ; umbels lateral and terminal,

sessile, many-flowered ; pedicels 24-5 lin. long, minutely puberulous

or subglabrous ; sepals $—3 lin. long, ovate to suborbicular, acute or

obtuse ; corolla-lobes very spreading, 2-3 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad,

ovate-oblong, obtuse or acute, with reflexed margins, greenish-white

or sulphur-coloured, glabrous on both sides ; outer corona arising at

or near the base of the staminal column, annular, pentagonal, }—} lin.

deep, truncate, enclosing the bases of the inner corona-lobes, which

are }-1 lin. long, adnate to the column at the lower part, free above,

ovate, acute, compressed-keeled at the base, rounded from apex to

base on the back, with the slightly incurved tips applied to the

backs of the anthers, white; staminal column 1}-1} lin. long;

anther-appendages ovate, acute, adpressed to the sides of the conical

style-apex, which is sometimes produced much —— oo in a

756 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [Sarcostemma.

subulate bifid point ; follicles 2}-4} in. long, 2—4 lin. thick, linear-

fusiform to subterete, acute or acuminate, smooth, glabrous ; seeds

i in. long, 4 in. broad, ovate, plano-convex, narrowly margined,

slightly denticulate or entire at the broad end, minutely tufted-

puberulous on the convex side, nearly glabrous on the flat side,

minutely ciliate, dull brown. Ait. Hort. Kew, ed. 2, ii. 76; Haw.

Syn. Pl. Succ. 13; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 113; Spreng. Syst. Veg.

i. 853; EH. Meyer, Comm. 220; Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 1, 224 ;

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 156; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 907; Decne in DC.

Prodr. viii. 538 ; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 34 ; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl.

Trop. Afr. 342; Engl. and Prantl, Pllanzenfam. iv. ii. 251, fig. 73,

N-O, and 256 ; Martelli, Fl. Bogos,54; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw.

i. 689; Penzig in Atti Congr. Bot. Internaz. 1892, 349 ; Schlechter in

Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 10, and xxi. Beibl. 54, 11; Journ. Bot.

1896, 458, and Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xv. 69 ; S. Moore in

Journ. Bot. 1902, 256; N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 384.

S. aphyllum, R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 51, partly ; Hochst. ex

Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 538. Euphorbia viminalis, Linn. Sp. Pl.

ed. 1, 452. Cynanchum viminale, Linn. Mant. ii. 392; Lam.

Eneyel. ii. 233 ; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 301; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1252,

and Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 276. Cynanchum aphyllum, Linn. Syst.

Nat. ed. 12, iii. 235. Apocynum viminale, Bassi in Comm. Bonon. ex

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 113. Asclepias nuda, Schumach. and Thonn.

Beskr. Guin. Pl. 155. Asclepias aphylla, Thunb. Prodr. 47, and Fl.

Cap. ed. Schultes, 234 partly, as to two of the three specimens in his

Herbarium.

Soura Arrica : without locality, Herb. Linneus! Thunberg!

Coast Recion: Mossel, Bay Div.; between Dwyker River and Gauritz River,

Burchell, 6384! Honig Klip, Drege! hills near Mossel Bay, Penther, 829, and

Knysna Div. ; near the Keurboom River, Penther, 811 (ex Schlechter). Uitenhage

Div. ; by the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 670! near Uitenhage, Prior! Addo,

Drige! Bathurst Div.; near Port Alfred, Burchell, 4000! Albany Div. ; near

Grahamstown, Read in Herb. MacOwan! and without precise locality, Cooper,

1531! Atherstone, 4! 97! Queenstown Div.; near Shiloh, 3500-4000 ft.,

Baur, 1171!

Centra Region: Prince Albert Div. ; by the Gamka River, Burke! Graaff

Reinet Div. ; between Kruidfontein and Melk River, Burchell, 2949! near Graaff

Reinet, Bolus, 420!

Western Recion: Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; north of Holl River, Zeyher, 1152 !

Katanart Region: Griqualand West; Lower Campbell, Burchell, 1823!

Transvaal ; Komati Poort, Kirk, 97! Potgeiters Rust, Burtt Davy, 2242! and

without precise locality, Sanderson !

Eastern Rxcron : Natal ; near Durban, Wood, 6416! Umzinyati Falls, Wood,

1302! Mooi River Thorns, 2000-3000 ft., Wood, 4338! and without precise

locality Gerrard, 447! Delagoa Bay, Monteiro, 23 !

Also in Tropical Africa.

Dr. Schlechter (in Hngl. Jahrb, xxi. Beibl. 54, 11) refers S. tetrapterum, Turez.,

to this plant. I have not seen Turczaninow’s type, but according to his description

it should rather belong to Cynanchum sarcoste toides, where I have referred it

in this work. See note under that species concerning Thunberg’s localities.

Perqularia. | ASCLEPIADE# (Brown). 757

XXIV. PERGULARIA, Linn. (not of other Authors).

(Dania, R. Br.)

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla-tube campanulate or cylindric ; lobes 5,

widely spreading, overlapping in bud. Corona double ; outer corona

arising at the base of the staminal column, membranous, annular,

shortly 5-lobed ; inner corona of 5 erect fleshy lobes adnate to the

staminal column up to the anthers, free above and produced into

subulate horns incurved over the staminal column, and at the base

produced into spreading or deflexed spurs. Staminal column arising

at the mouth of the corolla-tube, entirely exserted ; anthers erect,

terminated by a membranous appendage, intlexed over the apex of

the style. Pollen-masses solitary in each anther-cell, pendulous,

flattened, attached in pairs to the pollen-carriers by their tapering

ends, without caudicles. ollicles lanceolate, smooth or echinate.

Seeds crowned with a tuft of hair.

Perennial twining plants ; leaves opposite, cordate ; flowers of moderate size,

in long-peduncled corymbs or racemes, sublateral at the nodes.

DistrisB. Species 4, all occurring in Tropical Africa, 2 of them extending

through Arabia and Syria into India, and 1 into Madagascar.

This genus has been misunderstood by all authors, including myself. When

describing the Tropical African Asclepiads I did not examine Linneus’ definition

of theigenus Pergularia as given in his Mantissa, i. 8, but now that I have done

so, I find that he has there so accurately and unmistakably described the floral

structure of the plants upon which Robert Brown afterwards established the genus

Demia (but with such a very erroneous description that it would be utterly

impossible to correctly refer any plant to it, except for the synonymy given), that

there can be no doubt whatever as to the identity of Demia with Pergularia, since

the structure is peculiar and not to be confused with that of any other genus, and

the characters of Pergularia as given by Linneus do not at all accord with those of

the plants hitherto supposed to belong to Pergularia. I have therefore re-estab-

lished Pergularia in accordance with the definition of it given by Linneeus. For

& more complete account see the Kew Bulletin, 1907, 323. For the genus hitherto

known as Pergularia I have there proposed the anagrammatic name Prageluria,

but it has since been discovered that the name Zelosma (Coville in Contrib. United

States Nat. Herb. ix. 385, published in 1905) has the prior claim.

Stem glabrous or very minutely puberulous ... ... (1) gariepensis.

Stem with a very distinct spreading pubescence or

somewhat hispid fee ale ce ... (2) extensa.

1. P. gariepensis (N. E. Br.) ; stem twining, very finely puberu-

lous or glabrous ; leaves probably somewhat fleshy; petiole }—1 in.

long, puberulous ; blade #1} in. long, 4-1} in. broad, broadly ovate,

acuminate, deeply cordate at the base, with a broad obtuse sinus

more or less enclosed by the incurved rounded basal-lobes, green

and glabrous on both sides or with a few very minute hairs on the

veins beneath; racemes (including the peduncles) 3-6 in. long,

_ glabrous or nearly so on all parts except the corolla; pedicels 6-10

lin. long; sepals erect, 14-13 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, lanceolate,

acute ; corolla glabrous outside ; tube 14-2} lin, long, campanulate ;

758 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). | Pergularta,

lobes 3-4 lin. long, 2-21 lin. broad, ovate-oblong, obtuse, broadly

bordered with white woolly hairs on the inner face, otherwise

glabrous; outer corona at the base of the staminal column, sub-

membranous, annular at the base, 5-lobed ; lobes quadrate, truncate ;

inner corona-lobes arising 4-3 lin. above the base of the staminal

column, 2 lin, long, fleshy, gradually tapering from the base to a

subulate point, much exceeding and incurved over the staminal

column, their basal spurs }—} lin. long, horizontally spreading ;

staminal column 2 lin. long ; follicles solitary (always ?), about 2 in.

long, lanceolate, tapering into a short beak, covered with soft

bristles, otherwise glabrous ; seeds 24—3 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, ovate,

plano-convex, minutely tomentose on both sides. Demia garipensis,

E. Meyer, Comm. 220; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 544; N. H. Br.

in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i, 387. D. gariepensis, Harv. Gen. 8.

Afr. Pl. ed. 1, 224; Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 148. D. extensa,

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 458, partly. Dimia caripensis, Dietr.

Syn. Pl. ii. 907.

Western Recion ; Great Namaqualand ; in a dry river-bed at Cannas, Schinz,

21! 283! Little Namaqualand ; by the Orange River at Verleptpram, Drege!

Also in Tropical Africa.

2. P. extensa (N. E. Br.); stem twining, and together with the

petioles, peduncles and pedicels pubescent, setose-pubescent or

hispid ; leaves herbaceous; petiole 3-34 in. long; blade 1-6 in.

long, 3-5 in. broad, cordate-orbicular or cordate-ovate, cuspidate-

acuminate, with a minute and rather thin pubescence on both sides

or glabrous with hairs on the veins beneath ; basal lobes incurved,

semiorbicular, with a broad truncate-based sinus between them ;

peduncles sublateral, longer than the leaves, with the flowers

developing in a corymbose manner at the apex, gradually elongating

into a raceme 2—16 in. long, including the peduncle ; bracts 3-1 lin.

long, linear or subulate; pedicels 1-1} in. long, rather slender ;

sepals 1—2 lin, long, ovate or lanceolate, acute, glabrous or pubescent ;

corolla-tube 14-2 lin. long, campanulate ; lobes very spreading,

3-4 lin. long, 14-2 lin. broad, ovate-oblong, acute, bearded along

the margins ; outer corona-lobes } lin. long, subquadrate or oblong,

obtuse, truncate or denticulate ; inner corona-lobes 24-4 lin. long,

fleshy, white, lanceolate, attenuate into subulate entire or bifid

points, much exceeding and incurved over the staminal column, with

an acute spur about | lin. long arising below the middle 3-j lin.

above the base) of the staminal column; follicles 2-3 in. long, 3 ™.

thick, narrowly lanceolate, attenuate into a long beak, varying from

densely echinate to nearly or quite free from tubercles or processes,

pubescent ; seeds } in. long, ovate, plano-convex, marginate, dentate

or crenulate at the broad end, pubescent on both sides. Deemia

extensa, R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 50; Ait. Hort. Kew, ed. 2, il.

76; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 113; G@. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 156 ; Deene

in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 2, ix. 336, and in DC. Prodr. viii. 544; A.

Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 35; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 343 5

Pergularia. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 759

Martelli, Fl. Bogos, 54; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 690 ; Penzig

in Atti del Congr. Internaz. 1892, 348 ; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi.

Beibl. 54, 11; Journ. Bot. 1896, 458 (excl. syn. D. garipensis, E.

Meyer) ; De Wild. and Durand, Pl. Thonn. 33, and Relig. Dewevr.

159 ; N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv.i. 387. D. cethiopica, Decne,

and D. angolensis, Decne, in DC. Prodr. viii. 544 ; Hook. Niger Fi.

454. D. bicolor, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 1,280. D. scandens, G. Don,

ex Loud. Hort. Brit. 94. D. guineensis, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 156.

'D. barbata, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 43, not of

Klotzsch. D. cordifolia, K. Schum. in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 324, in

Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 257, fig. 74, and 258, and in

Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 40. Dimia eatensa, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i.

853 ; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 906. Cynanchum eatensum, Jacq. Miscell.

ii. 353, and Ic. Rar. i. t. 54; Ait. Hort. Kew, ed. 1, i. 303; Salisb.

Prodr. 149; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1257. C. cordifolium, Retz. Obs. Bot.

ii. 15. C. bicolor, Andr. Bot. Rep. ix. t. 562. CO. echinatum, Thunb.

Obs. in Cynanch. 8. C. pendulum, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. ii. 429;

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 108. Asclepias scandens, Beauv. Fl. Oware

et Benin, i. 93, t. 56. A. convolvulacea, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1269;

Schum. and Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 152. A. muricata, Schum. and

Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 153. Raphistemma ciliatum, Hook. f. Bot.

Mag. t. 5704.

Katanart Recron: Bechuanaland ; Banquaketse Territory, near Moshoneng,

or. Transvaal ; near Klippan, Rehmann, 5297! near Ramakopa, Schlechter,

Eastern Recton: Natal; near the Tugela River, Gerrard, 1802! Delagoa Bay,

Monteiro, 19! Schlechter, 11959 !

Also in Tropical Africa, Madagascar, and extending through Arabia into India.

In the Tropical African forms the flowers vary from white or whitish-green, with

or without a red blotch at the base of the lobes, to pale yellowish-green or lurid

green with a red blotch at the base of the lobes. The follicles are exceedingly

variable in their amount of echination.

XXV. EUSTEGIA, R. Br.

Calyx 5-partite ; sepals ovate or lanceolate. Corolla very deeply

5-lobed ; lobes spreading, overlapping in bud. Corona of 3 series

of erect lobes arising from the base of the staminal column ; outer

series of 5 entire lobes opposite the corolla-lobes ; middle series of

5 trifid or subsimple lobes alternating with the corolla-lobes ; inner

series of 5 entire lobes also alternating with the corolla-lobes,

pressed against the backs of the anthers. Stamens connate around

the ovary, with the anthers adnate to the style-disk ; anthers erect,

with short membranous appendages. Pollen-masses solitary and

pendulous in each anther-cell, laterally attached at their attenuated

tips to the strongly hooked ends of the long caudicles, which hang

from the base of the very small pollen-carriers. Style produced

much beyond the anther-appendages, tapering or stout, Ovules

numerous in each carpel. Follicles not seen.

760 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). | Hustegia.

Small tuberous-rooted perennials, branching at ground-level into many decum-

bent or ascending stems ; leaves small, opposite, linear-filiform to linear-hastate ;

flowers small, in pedunculate umbels, lateral at the nodes.

Distris. Species 5, endemic.

The 3-seriate corona readily distinguishes this genus from all except Emicocarpus.

The species are difficult to discriminate and require to be studied in the living state

to determine their limits of variation.

Middle series of corona-lobes divided into 3 distinct

8 ents :

Leaves 2-5 lin. long, linear-hastate, acute ; lateral seg-

ments of the middle corona-lobes with an (often

inflexed) auricle near the base :

Middle corona-lobes divided 4-3 of the way down

into segments 4-4 lin. long, distinctly shorter

than the style i ... (1) fraterna.

Middle corona-lobes divided almost to the base and

rising as high as the top of the style... ... (2) minuta,

Leaves or most of them 4-14 in. long, filiform or

filiform-hastate, rarely linear-hastate :

Corolla-lobes 13-12 lin. long; middle series of

corona-lobes without distinct auricles to their

lateral segments ... «1. se ves es» (3) ffiliformis.

Corolla-lobes 33 lin. long ; middle series of corona-

lobes with rounded auricles to their lateral

segments ... ue : Ae eis ... (4) macropetala.

Middle series of corona-lobes with inflexed triangular

auricles at their base, but scarcely 3-lobed ; leaves

filiform, rarely filiform-hastate os ... (5) plicata,

1. E. fraterna (N. E. Br.) ; plant in habit, size and form of leaves,

arrangement and size of flowers exactly as in E. minuta, differing as

follows :—corona-lobes of the outer and middle series about } lin.

long, shorter than the style; outer series entire, 4 lin. broad,

linear-oblong, rounded at the apex, with a large gibbosity on the

inner face near the top ; middle series divided }—} of the way down

into 3 linear segments about 1-1 lin. broad, with the middle one

much longer than the lateral and having a large gibbosity on its

inner face at the base, and the base of the lateral segments or

margin of the united part more or less dilated into inflexed auricles ;

inner series entire, 4 lin. long, linear or linear-oblong, obtuse,

scarcely exceeding the anther-appendages; style exserted } lin.

beyond the anther-appendages, } lin. thick and oblong or sometimes

nearly as thick as long, very obtuse. E. hastata, Spreng. Neue

Entdeck. i. 268, t. 1, fig. 5-10, and Syst. Veg. i. 854, not of R. Br.

Var. 8: pubescens (N. E. Br.); rather densely pubescent on the stems,

leaves, peduncles and pedicels ; outer corona-lobes spathulate, suborbicular and

twice as broad at the apex as at the base, otherwise as in the type.

_ Sourn Arrica: without locality, Drége, 6391!

Coast Rraron : Cape Div. ; near Green Point, Zeyher, 4697! Prior (Alexander)!

near Cape Town, Harvey! Lion Mountain, Harvey! Var. 6: Tulbagh Div. ;

hills near Piquetberg Road (Gouda), 400 ft., Schlechter, 10710!

Eustegia. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 761

This may be only a variety of HZ. minuta, but it conspicuously differs by the

middle series of corona-lobes being shorter than the style and very much less

deeply divided. The figure of Z. hastata in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv.

ii. 234, fig. 68 N-P, may possibly be intended for this plant ; but the lateral

segments of the middle series of corona-lobes are not represented as being

auriculate at the base,

2. EB. minuta (R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 52) ; branches decum-

bent 2-3 in. long, unifariously puberulous ; leaves 2-5 lin. long,

those at the base sometimes ovate or lanceolate, the others usually

linear-hastate with a short acute spreading tooth on each side at

the base, or without them and linear, acute, cuneately narrowed

into a very short petiole, glabrous, often irregularly ciliate with a

few hairs; umbels pedunculate, 3-6-flowered ; peduncles 2-8 lin.

long ; bracts }—} lin. long, lanceolate-subulate, acute ; pedicels 2-3

lin. long, puberulous on one side; sepals about } lin. long, $ lin.

broad, ovate, obtusely pointed or subacute, glabrous ; corolla-lobes

about 14 lin. long and } lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, apparently

slightly twisted, glabrous on both sides ; corona-lobes of the outer

and middle series }-1 lin. long, rising to about the level of the top

of the style ; outer series entire, 4 lin. broad, linear, obtuse, with a

gibbosity or thickening on the inner face at the top ; middle series

divided nearly to the base into 3 linear segments about 1 lin. broad,

with the middle one obtuse, having a gibbosity on the inner face at

the middle, and the lateral acute or obtuse, with a small but distinct

inflexed auricle or tooth on the outer margin near the base ; inner

series about 4 lin. long, } lin. broad, oblong-linear, very obtuse or

rounded at the apex, scarcely exceeding the anther-appendages ;

style exserted } lin. beyond the anther-appendages, about 4 lin,

thick, oblong, obtuse, apparently pentagonal. E. hastata, R. Br.

in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 52; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 119; G. Don, Gen.

Syst. iv. 158; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 907 ; Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 545,

excl. reference to Sprengel. Apocynum minutum, Linn. f. Suppl. 169;

Murray, Syst. Veg. ed. 14, 258; Lam. Encyel. i. 215. A. hastatum,

Thunb. Prodr. 47 ; in Nov. Act. Acad. Petrop. xiv. (1805), 514, t. 9,

fig. b; Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 164, and ed. Schultes 238; Willd. Sp. Pl. i.

1259; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 274.

Sours AFrica: without locality, Montin in Herb. Linneus!

Coast Reaion : Cape Div. ; below Lion Mountain, Thunberg !

3. E. filiformis (Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 120) ; branches usually

decumbent, 2-6 in. long, puberulous on one side ; leaves }—1} in.

long, filiform, linear-filiform, filiform-hastate or rarely linear-hastate,

glabrous or with a thin minute pubescence or a few small scattered

hairs ; umbels 4-8-flowered ; peduncles }-1} in. long, puberulous on

one side; pedicels 14-2 lin. long, puberulous ; sepals }—1 lin. long,

about 4 lin. broad, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute or obtuse,

glabrous ; corolla-lobes spreading, 1}-1} lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad,

oblong, obtuse, with more or less revolute margins, glabrous on

762 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Hustegia.

both sides, apparently olive-green ; corona-lobes apparently white ;

lobes of the outer series 1 lin. long, simple, narrowly oblong-linear,

often bifid or emarginate at the apex, gibbous or thickened on the

inner face ; lobes of the middle series divided nearly to the base

into 3 segments 3—1} lin. long, rising to the level of the apex of the

style or exceeding it, the middle segment linear, with a compressed

gibbosity or thickened keel at the middle, sometimes nearly obliterated

in dried specimens, the lateral usually linear, without auriculate

inflexed sides at the base; lobes of the inner series 3—} lin. long,

entire, narrowly oblong-linear or linear-lanceolate, subacute or

obtuse, with the tips pressed against the basal part of the style apex,

which is either stout and oblong or ovoid-oblong, or more slender,

much elongated or narrowly conical, and apparently angular,

produced about 3 lin. beyond the very short erect rounded anther-

appendages ; staminal column } lin. long. Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 854 ;

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 158. EE. filiformis, E. humilis and E. lonchitis,

E. Meyer, Comm. 221; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 907 ; Decne in DC. Prodr.

viii. 545. E. lonchitis, Schlechter in Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien,

xv. 67. Apocynum filiforme, Linn. f. Suppl. 169; Murray, Syst. Veg.

ed. 14, 258; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1259 ; Thunb. Prodr. 47 ; in Nov. Act.

Acad. Petrop. xiv. (1805), 510; Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 160, and ed.

Schultes, 237 ; Lam. Encyel. i. 215.

Coast Rucron : Clanwilliam Div. ; between Pakbuis and Clanwilliam, 200 ft.,

Leipoldt, 243! and in MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1923! Cederberg Range,

3000 ft., Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 8312! near Olifants River, Penther, 2292 (ex

Schlechter), Piquetberg Div. ; between Piquetberg Mountain and Kruis, Drége,

6392! Malmesbury Div. ; Zwartland, Thunberg! near Hopefield, Bachmann!

Schlechter, 5306! Penther, 1689 and Krantzfontein, Penther, 1690 (ex Schlechter).

Tulbagh or Ceres Div. ; Tulbagh Kloof, Bolus, 8813! near Ceres, Bolus, 7554!

Cape Div.; near Cape Town, Harvey! Bolus, 4593! Rogers! near Camps Bay,

Pappe ! beyond Maitland Station, Wolley Dod, 3064! Paarl Div. ; between Paarl

and Simons Berg, Drege, 6390 ! ;

Western Recion: Little Namaqualand ; Kamiesberg Range, between Lelie-

trae and Krakkeel Kraal, Drége, 3044! and at Riet Kloof, 2500 ft., Schlechter,

The apical part of the style in this species seems to vary very much in stoutness,

and E. Meyer founded 8 species upon the character of the style, but the distinction

seems unsupported by other differences ; in Thunberg’s type of Apocynum filiforme

it is very stout,

4. BE. macropetala (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1895, 358) ; plant

23-4 in. high, branching from the base ; branches erect or suberect,

glabrescent, densely leafy; leaves erect, 2-1} in. long, filiform,

acute, with the margins usually revolute, glabrous ; umbels peduncu-

late, about 4-flowered ; peduncles short, bifariously puberulous ;

pedicels 4 lin. long, filiform, glabrescent ; sepals 1 lin. long, ovate,

acute, very thinly puberulous; corolla-lobes erectly spreading,

34 lin. long, scarcely 2 lin. broad at the middle, ovate-oblong, obtuse,

glabrous ; outer series of corona-lobes linear, obtuse, with a thick

longitudinal keel on the inner face; middle series a little longer

Eustegia.| ASCLEPIADEA: (Brown). 763

than the outer, deeply 3-partite, with the lateral segments linear,

subfalcate, obtuse, enlarged into a rounded lobe on the outer margin

below the middle, and with the middle segment suberect, linear,

subobtuse ; inner series linear-lanceolate, attenuate at the apex,

subincurved, slightly exceediug the anthers.

Coast Recon: Piquetberg Div. ; sandy places at the foot of Piquetberg

Mountain, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 5213.

5. E. plicata (Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. 218); branches

decumbent, 2-3} in. long, more or less pubescent or puberulous ;

leaves 1-2 in. long, filiform or linear-filiform, rarely hastate-filiform,

acute, glabrous or pubescent ; umbels pedunculate, 2—5-flowered ;

peduncles 2-5 lin. long, puberulous or pubescent on one side ; bracts

minute ; pedicels 2—3 lin. long, puberulous ; sepals about { lin. long,

} lin. broad, ovate, acute, glabrous ; corolla-lobes 14 lin. long, lin.

broad, very spreading, oblong, obtuse, slightly twisted, glabrous on

both sides, apparently dull green ; outer series of corona-lobes } lin.

long, entire, oblong-linear, obtuse or subtruncate, purple, with white

margins ; middle series 3 lin. long, oblong or linear, obtuse, with

inflexed triangular sides at the base, but scarcely 3-lobed ; inner

series 1 lin. long, oblong-linear, concave, obtuse ; style-apex very

stout, oblong to obovoid-clavate, obtuse, probably 5-angled, produced

} lin. beyond the anther-appendages.

Coast Raton: Piquetberg Div.; hills near Piquiniers Kloof, Schlechter,

10755! Malmesbury Div. ; Hopefield, Bachmann, 1995!

XXVI. EMICOCARPUS, K. Schum. and Schlechter.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla 5-lobed nearly to the base ; lobes narrowly

overlapping in bud. Corona very complicated ; outer arising in the

angle between the corolla and the staminal column, consisting of

20 segments, all very shortly connected at the base or almost free

and apparently belonging to 1 series, but probably composed of 2

whorls, the outer consisting of 5 simple segments opposite the

corolla-lobes, and the inner of 5 tripartite segments alternating

with them, with their lateral lobes infolded so as to stand in front

of the simple outer lobe, as if they were appendages arising from

the base of it; inner of 5 simple lobes arising a short distance up

the staminal column, near or at the base of the anthers and applied

to their backs, Stamens arising at the base of the corolla, united

into a tube around the ovary, with the anthers adnate at their base

to the dilated part of the style, and tipped with a very minute

scarcely visible appendage. Pollen-masses solitary in each anther-

cell, pendulous, very minute, attached in pairs to the pollen-carriers

by long abruptly bent caudicles. Style produced beyond the dilated

part into a beak. Carpels with a single ovule in each, seated in a

cavity at the top of a thickened placenta. Follicles small, ob-

764 ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). [ Emicocarpus.

triangular, with 3 spreading spines at the top, probably indehiscent.

Seed solitary, curved, subterete, without a tuft of hairs at either

end.

A procumbent herb; leaves palmately divided; flowers small, in small

pedunculate umbels lateral at the nodes,

Distris, Species 1, endemic.

This very remarkable Asclepiad, by its palmately lobed leaves, 1-ovuled carpels,

3-horned and 1-seeded follicles, and the curved seed without hairs, is quite

unique in the Order. In the structure of its corona it is closely allied to Lustegia.

K. Schumann and Schlechter describe and figure the carpels as having 2 ovules in

each, but I have only been able to find one.

1. E. fissifolius (K. Schum. and Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxix.

Beibl. 66, 21, 22, with fig.); plant branching at the base ; stems

prostrate, 2-4 ft. long, rather slender, unifariously puberulous ;

leaves petiolate, palmately 5—7-lobed, cuneately narrowed into the

4-4 in. long petiole, glabrous, with the exception of a few minute

hairs on the midrib beneath and sometimes about the basal part ;

middle lobe }-1} in. long, linear, acute ; lateral lobes very much

shorter, linear or attenuate from the base to an acute point, all

spreading and the upper pair falcately incurved ; umbels lateral at

the nodes and terminal, pedunculate, 5-8-flowered ; peduncle 5-10

lin. long, unifariously puberulous ; bracts minute ; pedicels 14—2 lin.

long, unifariously puberulous ; Sepals } lin. long, lanceolate or ovate-

oblong, obtuse (not acuminate as originally described), glabrous ;

corolla-lobes widely spreading, 1-1} lin. long, } lin. broad ; oblong

or oblong-lanceolate, obtusely pointed, glabrous on both sides ; outer

corona-segments erect, the 5 alternating with the corolla-lobes 3 lin.

long, linear or subspathulate, obtuse; the 5 opposite the corolla-

lobes } lin. long, 1 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, with the infolded side

lobes standing in front of them 2 lin. long, linear, obtuse ; inner

corona-lobes erect, }—1 lin. long, oblong, obtuse or notched at the

apex ; staminal column 2 lin. long; style produced into a beak $—}

lin. beyond the erect anther-tips ; follicles usually solitary, 3-43

lin. long, obtriangular, with 3 spreading spines at the subtruncate

top, glabrous. Lobostephanus palmatus, N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Fi.

XXxvii. ¢. 2692.

Eastern Region : Delagoa Bay, Junod, 502! near Lourenco Marques, Schlechter,

11535 !

XXVII. TYLOPHORA, R. Br.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla lobed very deeply or nearly to the base,

rotate or campanulate-rotate ; lobes overlapping and sometimes

twisted in bud. Corona usually of 5 tubercles adnate to or radiating

from the staminal column at or above its base and usually not

exceeding the filament part of it, rarely with free tips or of entirely

free flat lobes and attaining to the level of the anther-tips. Staminal

Tylophora. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 765

column arising from the base of the corolla; anthers erect, tipped

with a small membranous appendage, which is sometimes reduced to

a mere hyaline margin, their fertile part not rising above the margin

of the style-apex, usually opening by crescent-shaped transverse

slits. Pollen-masses very minute, suberect, horizontal or pendulous,

attached in pairs to the minute pollen-carriers by very slender

caudicles affixed at their middle or near or at one end. Style-apex

rarely slightly exceeding the anthers, pentagonal or 5-lobed, de-

pressed, flattened and often with a small central boss, or convex.

Follicles usually narrowly lanceolate or lanceolate-fusiform, smooth,

sometimes winged. Seeds crowned with a tuft of hairs.

Twining or rarely erect perennials ; leaves opposite, petiolate ; inflorescence

lateral at the nodes or axillary, sometimes consisting of a single pedunculate or

sessile umbel-like cyme or flower-cluster, sometimes of 2 to several flower-clusters

scattered along a single-jointed axis or along the branches of a dichotomously

branched cyme or panicle.

Distris, Species many, widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical

regions of the Old World.

This genus is usually easy to recognise by the peculiar character of its

inflorescence and the corona-lobes usually reduced to mere tubercles. Since the

publication of the Tropical African Asclepiads I have examined some species in

which the pollen-masses are distinctly pendulous; as is also stated by

Dr. Schlechter, and I now doubt if any of them have really erect pollen-masses ; in

some they appear to be ascending, in others neither erect nor pendulous, in others

still, they are distinctly pendulous, so that the genus is distinctly intermediate in

character between the Cynanchee and Marsdeniex, and I now think that

Tylophoropsis must be reduced to T'ylophora. The pollen-masses are always very

minute, and their position in the anther-cell is sometimes very difficult to

determine. The caudicles are usually very slender, and at times I have failed to

find any trace of them,

An erect, somewhat rigid branching shrublet with small ;

leaves }-4 in. long, including the petiole ... ... (1) Fleckii.

Stems twining ; leaf-blade 3-4 in. long:

Corolla pilose on the inner surface ; leaves truncately : ;

rounded at the base... su ees eh ... (2) inhambanensis.

Corolla puberulous on the inner surface ; leaves mostly

cordate at the base ... vis sot oe ... (3) anomala,

Corolla glabrous, or at most with a microscopic

puberulence on the inner surface :

Peduncle dichotomously or paniculately much

branched, each branch bearing 2-4 small umbel- é

like cymes... cee nee Gs bee ... (4) Flanagani.

Peduncle bearing 2-4 (or occasionally only 1) umbel-

like cymes scattered along it ; bracts 4-1} lin.

long, minute or inconspicuous, not forming an

involucre :

Corolla purple or rosy :

Leaf-blade 1-34 in. long, glabrous on both

sides :

Pedicels 4-7 lin. long; corona-lobes very

prominent at the base... uS ... (5) umbellata.

Pedicels 25-4 lin. long ; corona-lobes slightly (

prominent at the base... vee 6) badia.

766 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). | Tylophora.

Leaf-blade 2-14 in. long, puberulous beneath... (7) simiana.

Corolla green or yellowish-green ; leaf-blade 14-4

in. long, glabrous or pubescent on one or both

sides , saa ; ... (8) syringefolia.

Peduncle bearing 1 terminal umbel only ; bracts

1-4 lin. long, very conspicuous, forming a kind

of involucre ek as es ie ... (9) lycioides.

1. T. Fleckii (N. E. Br.); a somewhat rigid erect branching

shrublet; branches at first very thinly puberulous, becoming

glabrous ; leaves (including the short petiole) 34-6 lin. long, 2-34

lin. broad at the middle, oblong-elliptic or oblong, obtuse, tapering

at the base; cymes lateral at the nodes, few-flowered, scarcely

exceeding the leaves ; peduncles and pedicels about equal in length,

very thinly puberulous; sepals 1 lin. long, oblong, obtuse, very

thinly puberulous ; corolla subrotate, with oblong obtuse glabrous

lobes, about twice as long as the sepals ; corona-lobes fleshy, ovate,

subacute, entirely adnate to the staminal column, not extending

above the base of the anther-cells ; anther-appendages subreniform,

incurved upon the style-apex, which is 5-angular, produced at the

angles, conical at the apex. T'ylophoropsis Fleckii, Schlechter in Bull.

Herb. Boiss. vii. 39.

Western Recion ; Great Namaqualand ; Gansberg, Fleck, 431 (ex Schlechter).

Gansberg is just within the Tropical region, but as the plant will probably be

found to occur south of the Tropic of Capricorn, it is here included.

2. T. inhambanenis (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 52) ; stem

herbaceous, twining ; branches filiform, flexuose, puberulous, laxly

leafy ; leaves spreading ; petiole 5-10 lin. long, pilose ; blade 23—

3} in. long, 1-1? in. broad below the middle, ovate, acuminate,

truncately rounded at the base, glabrous or subglabrous, thin in

texture ; cymes subsessile or with a peduncle as long as the petiole ;

pedicels up to 10 lin. long, filiform, glabrous ; sepals } lin. long,

ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, sparsely pilose ; corolla subrotate,

deeply 5-lobed, 2 lin. long; lobes oblong, subacute, glabrous on the

back, pilose on the inner face ; corona-lobes fleshy, ovate-oblong,

somewhat obtuse, adnate to the staminal column at the lower half,

incurved at the apex, shortly exceeding the base of the anthers,

which are tipped with a rounded obtuse appendage ; style-apex

depressed.

creed Rearon : Portuguese East Africa ; near Machisugu, 100 ft., Schlechter,

2116 !

3. T. anomala (N. E. Br.); stem twining, slender, “not milky ”

(Gerrard), with a minute unifarious pubescence ; leaves herbaceous ;

petiole 1-4 in. long; blade 14-3 in. long, 3-2} in, broad, ovate or

ovate-oblong, acute to very obtuse or emarginate at the apiculate

apex, usually cordate, occasionally rounded at the base, glabrous on

both sides ; peduncles lateral at the nodes, }—} in. long, glabrous,

Tylophora. | ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). 767

usually bearing 1, more rarely 2, umbel-like cymes of about 5-7

flowers developing in succession; pedicels 3-4 lin. long, slender,

glabrous; sepals about #? lin. long, ovate or lanceolate, acute,

glabrous ; corolla about 2 lin. in diam., with the united saucer-

shaped part about 32 lin. long and the ovate acute (ascending-

spreading ?) lobes ? lin. long, 3 lin. broad, glabrous outside, puberu-

lous within, dull white (Gerrard) ; corona-lobes arising at the base

of and equalling the staminal column, 2 lin. long and nearly as

broad, erect, broadly ovate or ovate-oblong, notched at the apex,

nearly flat, with a stout keel (square in transverse section) down

the middle of the inner face, by which they are attached to the

% lin-long staminal column below the anthers, whose minute

appendages are transverse and inflexed upon the margin of the

depressed style-apex ; pollen-masses distinctly pendulous, attached

to the narrow elongated pollen-carrier by very slender caudicles ;

follicles solitary (only one immature example seen), about 2} in.

long, 44 lin. thick, narrowly lanceolate, tapering at the upper third

into an acute beak, smooth, glabrous ; seeds (not ripe) about 34 lin.

long, 14 lin. broad, plano-convex, ovate, wing-margined, smooth on

both sides, dark brown.

Eastern Reaion : Natal ; ‘‘ Buck-bush, near Durban, ex Herb. M. J. McKen,

no. 4,”"! and ‘* Buck-bush, Umgeni,” Gerrard, 1320!

Gerrard's specimens are distributed without localities, those given above are

copied from his original labels in the Dublin Herbarium.

4. T. Flanagani (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 11) ;

stem twining, glabrous ; leaves very thinly coriaceous ; petiole }—1}

in. long ; blade 14-3} in. long, {-24 in. broad, from ovate to elliptic

or elliptic-oblong, very acute to very obtuse or rounded and api-

culate at the apex, rounded to subtruncate at the base, glabrous ;

flowers in lax branching panicles or forked cymes, lateral at the

nodes, and (including the peduncles) 2-5 in. long, with a spread of

2-6 in., each branch bearing 2-4 small umbel-like cymes of 2-6

flowers ; bracts inconspicuous, subulate ; pedicels 4 in. long, very

slender, glabrous ; sepals about # lin. long, lanceolate, acute, glabrous

or with minute scattered adpressed hairs ; corolla rotate, about 4}

lin. in diam., dark purple or dark crimson, glabrous ; lobes 2 lin.

long, ? lin. broad, lanceolate-attenuate, twisted at the truncate apex,

about 4 times as long as the united part ; corona-lobes arising at the

base of the staminal column, equalling or slightly exceeding it and

adnate to it at the basal part, erect, 1—} lin. long, slightly gibbous

at the base, tapering into the subulate free incurved tips, dark

purple-brown ; staminal column } lin. long ; pollen-masses pendulous ;

style-apex raised into a small central boss. Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1898, 486.

Coast Reaion : Komgha Div. ; in woods near Komgha, Flanagan, 378 !

Eastern ReGion : Tembuland ; summit of Engeobo Mountain, 4500 ft., Bolus,

10193! Natal ; at Westville, in marshy woods near Durban, 1000 ft., Sanderson,

2006 ! Zululand ; Ongoa, Gerrard, 2169 !

768 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Tylophora.

5. T. umbellata (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 11) ;

stem twining, thinly puberulous or glabrous ; leaves thinly coriaceous ;

petiole J—1 in. long ; blade 1{-3} in. long, 3-1} in. broad, lanceolate,

ovate-lanceolate, broadly ovate or elliptic-ovate, acute or acuminate

to obtuse and apiculate, cuneate to broadly rounded at the base,

glabrous on both sides ; peduncles lateral, sometimes 2 at a node,

1-2 in. long, slender, usually bearing 2-3 umbels 4—} in. apart, or

occasionally with 1 umbel, puberulous on one side or glabrous ;

umbels 5-11-flowered ; bracts minute ; pedicels 4—7 lin. long, slender,

glabrous ; sepals }-} lin. long, 3 lin. broad, lanceolate-oblong,

obtuse or acute, more or less ciliate, otherwise glabrous ; corolla

rotate, dark dull purple, glabrous outside, with a thin microscopic

powder-like puberulence on the inner face, invisible when wetted ;

lobes 2 lin. long, 1 lin. or rather more in breadth, oblong or oblong-

lanceolate, obtuse ; corona-lobes entirely adnate to the upper half of

the filament part of the staminal column, wedge-shaped, in side

view sloping outwards from the acute apex to the very prominent

truncate base, where the margin on each side is prominent and rim-

like, the upper part being more compressed ; staminal column about

2 lin. long and the same in diam. at the top ; anther-appendages

reniform, abruptly inflexed upon the top of the truncate style-apex,

sega distinctly pendulous. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898,

Coast Reaion: Uitenhage Div. ; near Uitenhage, Burchell, 4263! Bedford

Div., near Bedford, Mrs. Hutton! King Williamstown Div. ; along the Yellowwood

River near King Williamstown, Flanagan, 2191! Komgha Div. ; near Komgha,

1800 ft., Flanagan, 1702!

In the original description the flowers are stated to be in simple umbels, but on

the specimen I have seen of the type (Flanagan, 1702) most of the peduncles

bear 2 umbels, as do all the other specimens quoted. This may be only @ variety

of 7. badia, but the flowers appear to be of a darker purple, the corona-lobes

are ty more prominent at the base, and the staminal column of greater

diameter.

6. T. badia (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 12) ; stems

twining, glabrous ; leaves apparently thinly coriaceous ; petiole t

in. long, channelled down the face, glabrous or with a few minute

hairs on the margins of the channel ; blade 1-2} in. long, §—1 in.

broad, lanceolate, acute, cuneate or slightly rounded at the base,

glabrous ; peduncles or flowering axes }-1 in. long, very slender,

bearing 2-3 distant fascicles of 3-5 flowers, glabrous ; bracts minute ;

pedicels 24-4 lin. long, filiform, glabrous ; sepals 3 lin. long, lanceo-

late or oblong-lanceolate, acute, glabrous ; corolla rotate, rosy

(Flanagan) ; lobes 14 lin. long, 3 to nearly 1 lin. broad, lanceolate

or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, slightly twisted at the apex, glabrous

on the back, with a microscopic puberulence on the inner face,

invisible when wetted ; corona-tubercles entirely adnate from close

to the base to the apex of the filament part of the staminal column

and not exceeding it, wedge-shaped, broadest at the somewhat

prominent subtruncate or broadly rounded base ; staminal column

Tylophora. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 769

3 lin. long and the same in diam. at the top ; anther-appendages

reniform or transversely oblong, abruptly inflexed on the truncate

style-apex ; pollen-masses distinctly pendulous. Schlechter in Journ.

Bot. 1898, 486. Astephanus badius, E. Meyer, Comm, 224; Dietr.

Syn. Pl. ii. 909 ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 508.

Var. 8, latifolia (N. E. Br.) ; leaves with a petiole 4—-? in. long, and a blade

2-33 in. long, 14-2} in. broad, elliptic, shortly and rather abruptly acute ; flowers

purplish (Gerrard) ; otherwise as in the type.

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div.; without precise locality, Brehm! Komgha

Div. ; banks of the Kei River, Drége, 4954! valley between Impetu and Keimouth,

1000 ft., Flanagan, 1046!

EASTERN Region: Var. 8: Zululand, Gerrard, 2168 !

7. T. simiana (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 33) ;

stem twining, branching, velvety-pubescent ; leaves herbaceous ;

petiole 2-4 lin. long, pubescent like the stem ; blade 3-1} in. long,

3-8 lin. broad, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse or acute, broadly

cuneate at the base, nearly glabrous above, velvety-puberulous

beneath ; peduncle 4—2 in. long, lateral at the nodes, bearing 1 or 2

umbel-like 3—7-flowered cymes, slightly puberulous ; bracts minute ;

pedicels 2-24 lin. long, glabrous ; sepals about # lin. long, } lin. broad,

ovate, obtuse, thinly puberulous and ciliate ; corolla lobed nearly to

the base, dull purple ; lobes very spreading, 24 lin. long, 1 lin. broad,

ovate-oblong, very obtuse, glabrous on both sides ; corona-tubercles

3-2 lin. long, ovate in dorsal view, subacute, constricted on the

inner face into a sort of keel by which they are adnate to their tips

to (but do not exceed) the filament part of the } lin.-long staminal

column ; anthers transversely oblong, with short transverse sub-

truncate appendages inflexed upon the margin of the style-apex,

which has a small truncate central boss; pollen-masses distinctly

pendulous. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 486.

Coast Reion : King Williamstown Div. ; Mount Coke, 1500 ft., Sim, 1305 !

I have examined a type specimen of this plant, named by Dr. Schlechter, but

doubt if it is more than a mountain form of 7. syringzfolia, the flowers seem

identical, except in colour, besides which the only difference appears to be that

the leaves are smaller and much more obtuse ; in pubescence and other characters

there is no distinction between it and some specimens of 7’. syringafolia.

8. T. syringefolia (E. Meyer, Comm. 198); stem herbaceous,

twining, usually pubescent or tomentose, occasionally glabrous ;

leaves thinly coriaceous ; petiole 1-1 in. long; blade 14-4 in. long,

3+2 in. broad, ovate, acute or acuminate, broadly rounded, sub-

truncate or subcordate at the base, glabrous or thinly pubescent

above, glabrous to densely pubescent beneath ; peduncles lateral,

}+21 in. long, pubescent or glabrous, usually bearing 2 (rarely 3-4)

umbel-like 5—8-flowered cymes } to 1 in. apart; bracts minute ;

pedicels 1-1 in, long, glabrous or slightly puberulous ; sepals 3—}

lin. long, ovate or oblong, obtuse, ciliate ; corolla lobed nearly to

VOL. IV.—SECT. I.—PART V. 3D

770 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Tylophora.

the base, dull greenish (Meyer) ; lobes spreading, 2-2} lin. long and

1} lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, glabrous on both sides; corona-

tubercles 1—2 lin. long, ovate in dorsal view, obtuse, constricted into

asort of keel on the inner side, by which they are adnate to their tips

to (but do not exceed) the filament part of the staminal column,

this keel-structure is often obscured or destroyed in dried specimens ;

staminal column 3 lin. long; anthers transversely oblong, with

short transverse rounded appendages inflexed upon the margin of

the style-apex, which has a small truncate central boss ; pollen-

masses pendulous ; follicles widely diverging or solitary, 13-27 in.

long, 4 in. thick, lanceolate, acute, transversely deeply corrugated,

glabrous ; seeds 34 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, ovate, plano-convex,

narrowly wing-margined, sometimes subdenticulate at the broad end,

smooth, glabrous, brown. Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 1, 223 5 Dietr.

Syn. Pl. ii. 894; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 611 ; Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 12. . syringifolia, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb.

xviii. Beibl. 45, 11, and Journ. Bot. 1898, 486. Apocynum cordatum,

Thunb. Prodr. Pl. Cap. 47; in Nov. Act. Acad. Petrop. xiv.

(1805) 513; Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 163, and ed. Schultes, 238 ; Willd.

Sp. Pl. i. 1261; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 275. Astephanus cordatus, R. Br.

in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 54 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 123; Spreng. Syst.

Veg. i. 855; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 158. Dietr. Synop. Pl. ii. 909 ;

Decne in DOC. Prodr. viii. 508 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 418.

Vincetoxicwm syringifolium, Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 425.

Coast Recion: George Div. ; near George, Burchell, 6070! Kaimans Brat

Prior | Uitenhage Div.; Galgebosch, Drége, 3415! Bathurst Div. ; mou East

Kleinemund River, 200 ft., MacOwan, 998! East London Div.; near “ai

London, Wood in Herb. Galpin, 3134! 3369! Komgha Div. ; near Komg

2000 ft., Schlechter, 6154! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 46 ! ce,

Cenrrat Ru@ion: Somerset Div.; Somerset Hast, Bowker! Cradock Div. ;

near the Tarka River, Cooper, 405.

Eastern ReGion: Transkei; Fort Bowker, Bowker, 608 (or 602%)! near

Kentani, 1000 ft., Miss Alice Pegler, 1275 !

Thunberg’s type specimen of Apocynum cordatum is identical with MacOwan’s

998 from Kleinemund River.

9. T. lycioides (Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 608); stem bier d

thinly adpressed-puberulous or glabrous; leaves herbaceous, : ni

rous ; petiole 1-1 in. long, rather slender ; blade 3-23 in. ree

111 in. broad, varying from narrowly lanceolate to ovate-lanceola

or ovate, acute or acuminate, broadly rounded at the base ; i

lateral at the nodes, simple, umbel-like, glabrous, with a few minu

hairs about the axils of the bracts ; peduncles 1-8 lin. long, slender ;

bracts many, leafy, 1-4 lin. long, lanceolate, acute or nip

pedicels 4—# in. long, filiform; sepals 3—} lin. long, ovate or ag fi

lanceolate, acute, glabrous ; corolla lobed nearly to the base ca

2-3 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad at the base, linear-lanceolate, 0 aco

appearing glabrous in dried flowers, but really with a very mons

puberulence on the inner face ; corona-tubercles entirely adnate,

Tylophora. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 771

1 lin. long, subquadrate, with a dorsal transverse rim at the basal

part, acuminate or deltoid above; style-apex slightly or very

distinctly exceeding the anthers, very obtuse or produced into a

short acute bifid cone ; follicles about 2 in. long, }-} in. thick,

attenuate from a lanceolate base into a long slender acute beak,

smooth, glabrous ; seeds about 34 lin. long and 2 lin. broad, ovate,

plano-convex, wing-margined, very minutely asperate-tuberculate on

both sides, with a keel down the flat face, brown. Schlechter in

Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 11; xxi. Beibl. 54, 12, and Journ. Bot.

1898, 486. Cynoctonwm lycioides, E. Meyer, Comm. 217. C. lycioides

var. majus, Meisn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 1843, 546 (by error

446); Krauss in Flora, 1844, 827. Oynanchwm lycioides, Dietr.

Syn. Pl. ii. 906; Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2, i. 462. Vincetoxicum

lyciodes, Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii, 424.

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div.; near Enon, Drége, 2235! Prior! King

Williamstown Div. ; near the Keiskamma River, Cooper, 340! East London Div. ;

peg London Park, Galpin, 3182! Komgha Div.; near Keimouth, Flanagan,

Eastern Recton: Pondoland; by the River at Port St. John, Galpin, 3433 !

Natal ; by the Tugela River, Gerrard and McKen, 1800! Rehmann, 7166! near

Durban, Wood, 7517! by the coast, Wood, 1207! and without precise locality,

Sanderson, 445! 708!

The pubescence on the corolla-lobes can rarely be seen on dried specimens,

except by turning back the lobe in water and viewing the edge against the light.

XXVIII EMPLECTANTHUS, N. E. Br.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla deeply 5-lobed, the united part forming

a broad shallow cupular tube ; lobes valvate in bud. Corona double,

arising from the staminal column ; outer 5-lobed ; lobes small, pouch-

like, spreading, alternating with the anthers ; inner of 5 simple lobes,

more or less adnate to the stamens, with free tips, and dorsally

connected with the base of the outer corona-lobes. Stamens united

into a tube around the ovary and adnate to the enlarged part of the

style ; anthers erect or incurved-ascending, applied to the sides of or

sub-incumbent upon the small truncate style-apex, without a mem-

branous appendage. Pollen-masses minute, subquadrate with a pellucid

margin on one side, erect, solitary in each anther-cell, attached in

pairs to the exceedingly minute pollen-carriers by extremely short

caudicles. Follicles only seen in an immature state, long and

slender, linear-terete, perhaps slightly constricted between the seeds

when ripe.

Herbaceous twiners with the habit and general appearance of T'ylophora ; leaves

opposite, long-petioled, cordate ; peduncles lateral at the nodes, bearing 1 or

more fascicles of flowers.

Disrris, Species 2, endemic.

3D 2

772 ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). [ Emplectanthus.

This curious genus is exceedingly like T'ylophora in general appearance and the

species would probably be referred to it unless examined, but the corona is quite

different from that of any Z'ylophora, and much resembles that of some species of

Brachystelma and Caralluma ; the pollen-masses are also pellucid-margined as in

those genera, whilst the follicles resemble those of the genus Riocreuxia, and it

may possibly be of hybrid origin between that genus and Z'ylophora. The name

is derived from ZumAekros, intermixed or perplexed, and avOos, a flower, in

allusion to the combination of the characters of different genera upon one plant.

Corolla-lobes + in. long; inner corona-lobes produced

much above the anthers one . ... (1) Gerrardi.

Corolla-lobes 4 in. long ; inner corona-lobes not or very

slightly exceeding the anthers ou ae ... (2) cordatus.

1. E. Gerrardi (N. E. Br.) ; stem twining, unifariously puberulous ;

leaves herbaceous, only 2 seen; petiole 1} in. long; blade 2} in.

long, 13 in. broad, cordate, acuminate, with a deep broad-based

sinus and rounded basal lobes, thinly and minutely adpressed-

pubescent above, glabrous beneath ; peduncles lateral at the nodes,

very short, 2-4 lin. long, 4- to very many- flowered, puberulous on

one side; pedicels 7-9 lin. long, very slender, glabrous ; sepals about

14 lin. long, lanceolate, attenuate, glabrous ; corolla-tube shallowly

cupular, about 1 lin. deep and 2 lin. in diam., faintly contracted at

the top, glabrous inside and outside ; lobes apparently ascending-

spreading, } in. long, 1} lin. broad at the base, lanceolate, acute,

glabrous on both sides, apparently dull purple ; outer corona-lobes

fleshy, } lin. long, spreading, subquadrate-ovate, deeply concave,

with a small bifid reflexed apex, in front of which, on the inner face,

is a small channelled tubercle-like keel, dark purple-brown ; inner

corona-lobes } lin. long, produced much beyond the anthers, linear-

spathulate, or linear-lanceolate, obtuse, connivent-erect, sometimes

only adnate up to the base of the anthers, at others up to their

tips, dorsally connected at the base to the basal margins of the

outer corona-lobes, dark purple-brown ; staminal column $ lin.

long ; anthers overtopping the small truncate style-apex.

Eastern Recion: Zululand ; Qudeni, Gerrard, 2167 !

9. E. cordatus (N.E. Br.); stem twining, slender, unifariously

puberulous ; leaves herbaceous ; petiole 1-3 in. long ; blade 13-33

in. long, 7-2 in. broad, ovate, acuminate, deeply cordate, with a

broad-based open sinus and rounded lobes at the base, sprinkled

with very minute hairs above, glabrous and paler beneath ; peduncles

3-2 in. long, lateral at the nodes, glabrous, or puberulous on one

side, bearing 1 or 2 distant fascicles of 4—6 flowers ; pedicels very

slender, $1 in. (or in fruit 1} in.) long, glabrous ; sepals } lin, long,

lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ; corolla-tube cupular, about } lin.

deep and 1} lin. in diam., slightly contracted at the mouth, where

it is thinly fringed with long very fine hairs, which are crumpled up

in dried flowers and invisible when wetted ; lobes about 14 lin.

long, 1 lin. broad at the base, somewhat deltoid-ovate, acute,

Emplectanthus. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 773

glabrous on both sides ; outer corona-lobes about 4 lin. long, sub-

_ quadrate, deeply concave, emarginate or bifid, fleshy, dark purple-

brown ; inner corona-lobes about } lin. long, oblong, obtuse, adnate

at the basal half to the stamens and dorsally to the basal margins

of the outer corona-lobes, free above, incurved-ascending and closely

applied to the backs of the anthers, but not or very slightly pro-

duced beyond them, purple-brown; young follicles linear-terete,

hooked at the apex, glabrous, in the examples seen 2} in. long,

? lin. thick.

EasTerN Reaion: Natal; Tugela, Gerrard, 1803!

XXIX. SPHHROCODON, Benth.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla with a campanulate tube and spreading

lobes, or rotate; lobes overlapping and slightly twisted in bud.

Corona of 5 small fleshy tubercles arising from the staminal column

some distance above its base. Staminal column arising from the

base of the corolla; anthers erect, obtuse, without appendages.

Pollen-masses erect, solitary in each anther-cell, not very minute,

united in pairs by very slender caudicles to the minute and rather

thin pollen-carrier. Style shorter than the anthers, truncate, and

shortly 5-rayed at the apex. Fruit unknown.

Perennial herbs, with a woody or tuberous rootstock; stems erect, often

flexuose, but not twining; leaves opposite; flowers in pedunculate sublateral

umbel-like cymes.

Distris, Species 2, both in Tropical Africa, of which only 1 extends into

South Africa.

1. 8. obtusifolium (Benth. in Hook. Ic. Pl. xii. 78, t. 1190) ;

stems one to several to a root, erect, 1-3 ft. high, simple or slightly

branching at the base only, softly and shortly tomentose ; leaves

herbaceous ; petiole 1-3 lin. long; blade 14-3 in. long, }-1j in.

broad, oblong to elliptic, subacute to very obtuse and apiculate,

cuneate to rounded at the base, subglabrous or thinly puberulous

above, softly and very shortly pubescent beneath ; cymes umbel-

like, 6-13-flowered ; peduncles }-} in. long, pubescent or tomentose ;

pedicels }-} in. long, pubescent or tomentose ; sepals 1-2 lin. long,

linear-lanceolate, pubescent ; corolla when dried blackish-purple ;

tube 2-24 lin. long and about 3 lin. in diam., broadly campanulate ;

lobes spreading, 1$—2 lin. long and as much in breadth at the base,

ovate, obtuse ; glabrous outside, loosely clothed within the tube and

on the inner face of the lobes with very fine jointed (cobwebby *) hairs,

not visible when wetted ; corona-tubercles arising about } lin. up

the staminal column, radiating, compressed, obtuse. Hiern in Cat.

Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 692; N.E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 412 ;

Bot. Mag. t.7925. 8. obtusifolia, K. Schwm. in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C,

774 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Spheerocodon.

326, and in Engl. and Pranil, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 283, fig. 85, J-L,

and 285. S. natalense, Benth in Hook. Ic. Pl. xii. 79. S. natalensis,

K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 285. S. caffrum,

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1895, 339. Tylophora caffra, Meisn. in

Hook. London Journ. Bot. ii. 1843, 542 (by error 442); Decne m

DC. Prodr. viii. 612. Vincetoxicum caffrum, Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pits

424, Gongronema Welwitschii, K. Schum. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 145.

Katanart Recron: Transvaal; near Barberton, Thorncroft ! near Rustenburg,

4000-4500 ft., Miss Pegler, 1069! Miss Nation, 277 ! :

Eastern Recion: Natal; near Durban, Krauss, 85 ! and without precise locality,

Gerrard, 1797! Swaziland; between Mbabane (Embabaan) and Bremersdorp,

2500 ft., Bolus, 12144!

Also in Tropical Africa,

XXX. MARSDENIA, R. Br.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla-tube campanulate; lobes 5, erect,

spreading or rotate, overlapping and straight, or slightly twisted in

bud. Corona of 5 fleshy lobes arising from and adnate to the

staminal column, with free tips and often with free margins, sometimes

with tubercle-like projections at the base, which are sometimes con-

fluent, producing more or less the appearance of an outer corona ;

tips erect or somewhat connivent, applied to the backs of the anthers.

Staminal column arising from or near the base of the corolla ;

anthers erect, with the cells applied to the sides of the conical apex

or more or less concealed under the margin of the dilated part of

the style, terminated by membranous appendages, which are free or

connate and more or less incumbent on the top of the style-apex or

applied to the sides of its conical tip or beak. Pollen-masses erect,

solitary in each anther-cell, attached in pairs to the pollen-carriers

by short or elongated, moderately stout caudicles. Style depressed,

convex, conical or produced into a long beak at the apex.

Follicles with a thick or coriaceous pericarp, smooth, often winged.

Seeds crowned with a tuft of hairs.

Climbing or erect perennials ; leaves opposite ; flowers small or of moderate

size, arranged in umbel-like cymes or in small sessile umbels or clusters scattered

nae the branches of the cymes or panicles, which are lateral at the nodes or

ary.

Distris. A large genus, widely distributed throughout the tropical and sub-

_ tropical regions, only one species in South Africa.

1. M. floribunda (N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 422 ina

note); stem climbing, woody, branched, rusty-puberulous at the

young tips ; leaves herbaceous ; petiole 4—} in. long ; blade 3-24 in.

long, 4-14 in. broad, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, acute or

acuminate, glabrous on both sides; cymes umbel-like, densely

many-flowered, 4-1 in. in diam., lateral at the nodes ; peduncles

Marsdenia. | ASCLEPIADEZ: (Brown). 775

4-2 in. long, adpressed-puberulous ; bracts 14-4 lin. long, }-1 lin.

broad, lanceolate, obtuse, very deciduous; pedicels 14-3 lin. long,

adpressed-puberulous ; sepals }-1} lin. long, $—1} lin. broad, elliptic,

ovate, oblong or lanceolate, obtuse or acute, glabrous ; corolla quite

glabrous, white; tube 2-1} lin. long, campanulate ; lobes horizon-

tally spreading, 1-1} lin. long, 7-1 lin. broad, oblong, very obtuse ;

corona-lobes very small, inconspicuous, } lin. long, not exceeding

the anther-cells, ovate, obtuse, erect and closely applied to the backs

of the anthers, only adnate to the staminal column by the slightly

impressed centre of the basal part; staminal column 3-1 lin. long ;

anther-appendages rather large, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute,

connivent-erect and applied to the sides of and about equalling the

stout conical acute style-apex ; follicles widely divergent or some-

times solitary, 24-3 in. long, lanceolate, gradually tapering to an

acute point, with 4 broad toothed wings and including the wings

3-1 in. in diam. at the base, smooth, glabrous ; seeds 4 in.

long, } in. broad, ovate, flattened, narrowly margined, smooth,

glabrous, pale brown, with the margin ochreous-brown. Dregea

floribunda, E. Meyer, Comm. 199; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 618 ;

Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 2, 239 ; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii.

Beibl. 45, 12 and 23; xxi. Beibl. 54,12; Journ. Bot. 1898, 486, and

Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xviii. 398; Wood and Evans, Natal

Pl. i. 69, t. 86, as to description and figure of fruit only. Pterophora

Dregea, Harv. Gen. 8S. Afr. Pl. ed. i. 223.

Coast Recton: Uitenhage Div.; Zuurberg Range, Drége! Cooper, 2712! near

Enon, Drége! Prior! between Port Elizabeth and Grahamstown, Krook, 2418

(ex Schlechter), Albany Div.; in woods near Grahamstown, 2000 ft., McOwan,

697 ! near the Fish River, 2000 ft., Schlechter, 6108! Fort Beaufort Div. ; woods

by the Kat and Blinkwater Rivers, Mrs. Barber, 79 ! Stockenstrom Div. ; “‘Ceded

Territory, ” Zeyher! Komgha Div. ; near the Kei River, 2000 ft., Schlechter,

6239! Krook, 2412 (ex Schlechter), British Kaffraria, Cooper, 104 !

Cenrrat Region: Cradock Div. ; near the Tarka River, Cooper, 356 ! ‘

Eastern Rearon: Transkei; Fort Bowker, Bowker, 607! near Kentani,

Miss Pegler, 1195! Natal; Coast, Wood, 1119! Palmiet, near Durban, 200 ft.,

Wood, 7384! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 12! 181!

As stated in the Flora of Tropical Africa, I can find no character whereby to

distinguish Dregea from Marsdenia. According to Mrs. Barber, M. floribunda

climbs to the top of high forest trees and has greenish-yellow flowers ; Gerrard

and Wood state on their labels that the flowers are white, and according to

MacOwan they are ‘fetid, like mice.” The figure in Wood and Evans, Natal

Plants, represents a flowering branch and analytical details of Gymnema sylvestre

and the fruit of Marsdenia floribunda.

XXXI. TELOSMA, Coville.

(Praceturta, N. E, Br.)

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla-tube elongated, inflated at the base ; lobes

5, horizontally spreading, overlapping and straight or twisted in bud.

Corona of 5 erect lobes arising from the base of the staminal column

and adnate to it at their lower part, free above, with a narrow

776 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Telosma.

subulate process on their inner face. Staminal column arising from

the base of the corolla; anthers oblong, erect, with long erect

membranous appendages, connivent over the style-apex. Pollen-

masses erect, solitary in each anther-cell, attached in pairs to the

pollen-carriers by very short caudicles. Style with a stout penta-

gonal-ovoid apical part, not exceeding the anther-appendages.

Follicles smooth. Seeds crowned with a tuft of hairs.

Stem twining ; leaves opposite ; flowers of moderate size, numerous, in pedun-

culate or subsessile umbel-like cymes ; subaxillary or lateral at the nodes. The

name is derived from tye, far, and ooun, odour, in allusion to the great distance

at which the aromatic odour of one of the species is perceptible; Mr. Coville

stating that he ‘could always tell at a distance of two blocks (over 200 ft.)

whether or not there was a bouquet of mil-leguas (the native name of Telosma

odoratissma, Coville) in my house.”

The name Prageluria, N. E. Br., entered in the key to the genera on p. 523 and

provisionally indicated in the Kew Bulletin, 1907, 825, which I intended to apply

to this genus, hitherto (as detailed on p. 757) mistaken for Pergularia (Linn.), was

given in ignorance that Mr. Coville had in 1905 (Contributions from the United

States Herbarium, ix. 384) already applied to it the name Telosma. But as that

name merely appears in an alphabetical list, and the only indication that itis a new

generic name is mixed up with the remarks upon the species, it had been

entirely overlooked.

Disrrip. Species several, mostly Indian and Malayan; the following is the

only African species,

1, T. africana (N. E. Br.); stem twining, glabrous; leaves

herbaceous, thin; petiole }~3 in. long; blade 13-5} in. long, 1-3}

in. broad, oblong-ovate to broadly ovate, shortly cuspidate into an

acute or obtuse point, rounded, subtruncate, cordate or more rarely

cuneate-acute at the base, glabrous on both sides, or sparsely and

minutely puberulous above; umbels lateral at the nodes, rather

densely several- or many-flowered, subglobose ; peduncles 0-5 lin.

long, minutely adpressed-puberulous ; pedicels 2-3 lin. long, glabrous

or minutely puberulous; sepals 1-2 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad,

lanceolate or ovate, glabrous, minutely ciliate; corolla green

(Wood), yellow (Barter) ; tube usually about } (more rarely }) in.

long, globose-inflated and apparently somewhat plicate, constric

at the mouth or upper part, glabrous outside, densely hairy at the

throat and upper part, with 5 lines of hairs alternating with the

corona-lobes on the lower part ; lobes 34-6 lin. long, 3-1} lin. broad

at the base, linear-attenuate, obtuse, horizontally spreading, re-

curved or revolute, often twisted, densely bearded at the base and

more shortly along the rest of the inner face; corona-lobes erect,

1-1? lin. long, elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate or more or less obovate,

rounded, subtruncate or subacute at the slightly recurved apex,

with a linear or attenuate appendage about 1 lin. long arising at

about the middle of their inner face and connivent-erect over the

1} lin.-long staminal column ; anther-appendages }-1 lin. long,

ovate-lanceolate, acute or subobtuse, connivent over the ovoid obtuse

style-apex ; follicles not seen, Pergularia africana, N. E. Br. in Kew

Telosma. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 777

Bulletin, 1895, 259, and in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 426 ; Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1898, 486. P. sanguinolenta, Britten in Trans. Linn,

Soc. ser. 2, Bot. iv. 29, and K. Schum. in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 326,

not of Lindley. 6

EasTERN Recion: Natal; Berea, near Durban, McKen, 2! 1996! Wood, 5147!

6591! Tugela Valley, Gerrard, 1804! in bush adjoining the {Botanic Gardens,

Durban, Wood, 3395!

Also in Tropical Africa,

XXXII. FOCKEA, Endl.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla-tube very short ; lobes oblong, linear-

lanceolate or linear, valvate or overlapping and usually twisted in

bud. Corona arising near the mouth or towards the base of the

tube at the insertion of the staminal column and longer than the

former, tubular, toothed at the top, and with 1-2 superposed series

of 5 teeth or filiform processes placed between or decurrent as 5 pairs

of wings within the tube. Staminal column inserted near the mouth

or towards the base of the corolla-tube ; anthers erect, triangular,

their appendages very large, erect, membranous, inflated. Pollen-

masses erect, solitary in each anther-cell, very flat and thin, sessile,

in pairs at the apex of the minute pollen-carriers. Style produced

into a short thick point to about the level of the top of the anther-

cells. Follicles not echinate. Seeds crowned with a tuft of hairs.

Perennials with large tuberous rootstock and twining or erect stems; leaves

opposite ; flowers in small subaxillary clusters or cymes.

Distrip, Species 11, the others in Tropical Africa.

Leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, 4-20 times as long as

broad :

Stems or branches 2-6 in. long ; leaves truncate at the

base, hooked at the apex, with remarkably sinuate-

undulate margins ... ... «+ vs» ~—s eve (1) undulata.

Stems or branches 6-18 in. long ; leaves narrowed or

rounded at the base, not hooked at the apex nor

undulate at the margins:

Corolla-lobes 4 lin, long; corona about 24 times as

long as the corolla-tube ... +. ... (2) tugelensis.

Corolla-lobes 6-8 lin. long ; corona about 4 times as oe

long as the corolla-tube ... ves wee” wee (8) angustifolia.

Leaves oblanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, oblong, ovate or

elliptic, 2-4 times as long as broad :

Leaves glabrous on both sides ... +» «+» ~— «+» (4) glabra,

Leaves shortly pubescent on both sides ves ave (5) Capensis.

1. F. undulata (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 260); tuber

large, with an elongated woody neck, producing erect pale brown

puberulous branches 2-6 in. long ; leaves-sessile, }~1} in. long, 3—

1} lin. broad, linear, incurved-hooked at the subacute apex, trun-

778 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). | Fockea.

cate or subcordate at the base, remarkably undulate-sinuate along

the revolute margins, minutely puberulous above, glabrous except

on the midrib beneath ; cymes umbel-like, sessile at the nodes, 3—6-

flowered, minutely adpressed-whitish-puberulous on all parts to the

outside of the corolla; pedicels }—1 lin. long; sepals 1 lin. long,

lanceolate, acute; corolla-tube 1 lin. long; lobes erect, 2-24 lin.

long, ? lin. broad, linear-lanceolate or oblong-linear, acute or obtuse,

glabrous on the inner face, green ; corona white, with a tube 1} lin.

long, divided at the top into 5 trifid lobes alternating with 3 teeth

or with 5 smaller trifid lobes, the middle tooth of the 5 principal

lobes 14-14 lin. long, filiform, tortuous, all the other teeth }—3 lin.

long; within the tube the 5 longest teeth are decurrent as stout

keels bearing above the middle of the tube an erect filiform process

arising to the level of the shorter teeth, and the teeth on each side

are decurrent as narrow wings ; anther-appendages nearly equalling

the corona-tube. Brachystelma sinwatum, E. Meyer, Comm. 196 ;

Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 887.

CentraL Region: Beaufort West Div. (not Transvaal, as originally stated) ;

Rhenoster Kop, Burke !

The type specimen of Brachystelma sinuatum in E. Meyer’s Herbarium, although

flowerless, is identical with F. undulata, and is labelled as having been collected

‘*between Kat and Zwart River” in Stockenstrom or Queenstown Div., whilst

E. Meyer, and also Droge, state that it was collected on hills near Dweka (Dwyka

River) in Prince Albert Div., and near Brak Vallei in Richmond Div.

2. F. tugelensis (N. E. Br.) ; in habit, stems, inflorescence and

pubescence not distinguishable from F. angustifolia, but differing as

follows :—leaves 1-2 in. long, 2—4 lin. broad at the base, narrowing

upwards, linear-lanceolate, acute or subobtuse, rounded at the base ;

sepals about 1 lin. long, narrowly lanceolate, acute ; corolla-tube

% lin. long; lobes } in. long, 3 lin. broad, linear, with recurved

margins, twisted, puberulous on the back and with a microscopic

puberulence on the inner surface, apparently greenish ; corona

about 24 times as long as the corolla-tube, white, about 1} lin. long,

tubular for rather more than half its length, usually with 20 or

sometimes 15 teeth at the top, 5 of which are about 3 times as long

as the others, filiform, decurrent as stout keels within the tube, and

bearing at about the middle of the tube 5 erect linear obtuse teeth or

processes, which rise to the level of the short teeth, 10 of which are

decurrent as narrow wings or keels within the tube; anther-

appendages reaching to about ? of the way up the corona-tube.

Eastern Reaion: Natal; Tugela, Gerrard, 1310!

3. F. angustifolia (K. Schum. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 146) ; root-

_ stock a large tuber ; stems several, clustered, usually simple, erect,

tortuous or sometimes twining, 3-1} ft. long, puberulous with

- minute curved hairs ; leaves subsessile or very shortly petiolate, 3—

4} in. long, 1-3 lin. broad, linear, acute, narrowed or rounded into

Fockea. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 779

the petiole at the base, quite glabrous or thinly puberulous, with

minute curved hairs above and on the midrib beneath ; flowers 2-6

together in sessile clusters at the nodes; pedicels +-3 lin. long,

whitish-puberulous; sepals 3-14 lin. long, subulate to narrowly

lanceolate, acute, whitish-puberulous; corolla-tube }—? lin. long ;

lobes very spreading, 4-2 in. long, 3—} lin. broad at the base, linear

or linear-filiform from being revolute at the margins and somewhat

twisted, whitish-puberulous or minutely tomentose on the back,

glabrous on the inner face, apparently greenish ; corona about 4

times as long as the corolla-tube, white, 24-3 lin. long, tubular for

half its length, variably divided above, sometimes into 5 long trifid

segments alternating with 5 short teeth, sometimes into many

irregular teeth about } lin. long, with 5 long simple linear-filiform

or trifid processes arising within the tube at or near its top, and in

front of these or of the trifid segments arise below the middle or

near the base of the tube 5 other filiform processes, usually hooked

or revolute at the apex and varying from half as long to as long as the

tube ; lateral teeth of the trifid segments or processes one quarter as

long as the linear-filiform middle tvoth ; anther-appendages reaching

to about the middle of the corona-tube. K. Schum. in Engl. and

Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii, 296 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 487.

Brachystelma circinatum, Marloth in Engl. Jahrb. x. 244, not of

E. Meyer.

Sout Arrica ; without locality, Zeyher, 1138!

Katanart Recion : Griqualand West ; Groot Boetsap, Marloth, 1008. Orange

River Colony ; Rhenoster Kop, Burke, 510! Zeyher, 510! between Rhenoster

River and Vaal River, Zeyher, 1135! Transvaal ; hills near Potgeiters Rust, Bolus,

11014! ©

A specimen collected by Burchell (2465) near the sources of the Kuruman River

in Bechuanaland, may belong to this species, but the flowers are only in very young

bud. Ona note with the specimen, Burchell states that it is called “‘ Gamroon or

Gamrun” by the Hottentots, and ‘‘ has a root as large and of the shape of a large

turnip, eatable, white, soft, spongy, sweet and watery (as a water-melon), and a

fortunate resource for a thirsty traveller. The herb is milky, but the root is not

so. It is usually eaten raw.”

4. F. glabra (Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 545); rootstock partly

above ground, very large, up to 2 ft. in diam. (Burchell), more or

less tuberculate, light brown; stems up to 2 ft. or more long,

twining, procumbent or straggling, often branched, minutely

puberulous on the younger parts; leaves often with leaf-tufts or

very short leafy branchlets in their axils, usually spreading, some-

times deflexed ; petiole 4-2 lin. long ; blade }—1} in. long, ¢—} in.

broad, elliptic, lanceolate, oblong, oblanceolate or more or less

obovate, acute, or obtuse or rounded and shortly apiculate at the

apex, cuneate or rounded at the base, often wavy at the margins,

glabrous on both sides, subcoriaceous; cymes subsessile or on

puberulous peduncles up to } in. long, 2-6-flowered, lateral at the

nodes ; bracts minute ; pedicels 14-2 lin. long, minutely puberulous,

as are the 3-1 lin.-long lanceolate acute sepals ; corolla puberulous

780 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Fockea.

outside and within, dull light yellow; tube 1-1} lin. long,

campanulate ; lobes recurved-spreading, about 4 in. long, ? lin.

broad at the base, linear-attenuate, obliquely subtruncate at the

apex, with recurved margins and more or less twisted; corona

arising near the base of the corolla, 24-3 lin. long, white, the lower

half tubular and longer than the corolla-tube, divided above into 5

trifid segments alternating with 5 minute entire or bifid lobules or

5 pairs of minute teeth, with the middle tooth of the trifid segments

filiform or linear-subulate, shorter than or about equalling the tube

and 3-4 times as long as the lateral teeth, which are decurrent as

keels within the tube ; between the keels at the middle of the tube

arise 5 filiform teeth or processes connivent-erect over the white

anther-appendages, which reach to the top of the corona-tube.

F. edulis, K. Schum. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 146, in note, and in Engl.

and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 296 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898,

487, partly. Pergularia edulis, Thunb. Prodr. 38; in Nov. Act.

Acad. Petrop. xiv. (1805) 519; Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 151 (edalis), and

ed. Schultes, 233; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1247; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 271;

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 56 ; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 133. Chymocormus

edulis, Harv. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. i. 1842, 24.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 239 ex Decaisne, and cultivated

specimens !

Coast Recion: Mossel Bay Div. ; Gouds (Gauritz) River, herb. Thunberg!

Uitenhage Div. ; near Uitenhage, Burchell, 4443! 4457! near the Zwartkops

Salt-pan and River, Thunberg! Zeyher, 965! Ecklon and Zeyher, 10!

Partly described from a living plant cultivated at Kew. The large tuberous

rootstock is eaten by the natives, and, according to Zeyher, has a milky, somewhat

sweetish juice.

5. F. capensis (Endl. Iconogr. Gen. Pl. t. 91, and Nov. Stirp.

Dec. 3, 17) ; rootstock very large; stems 1-2 ft. long, tortuous or

twining, puberulous or very shortly and softly pubescent ; leaves

very shortly petiolate, deflexed, 1—Z in. long, }-4 in. broad, elliptic-

oblong, obtuse, apiculate, rounded at the base, slightly folded

lengthwise, undulate, shortly pubescent on both sides ; flowers 3-5

together, lateral at the nodes; pedicels 1-2 lin. long, minutely

tomentose, as are the 3-1 lin.-long lanceolate acute sepals ; corolla

puberulous outside and on the inner face; tube about 1} lin.

(scarcely 2 lin., Endlicher) long, campanulate ; lobes very spreading,

3-34 lin. long, linear-lanceolate, more or less twisted, truncate at

the apex, with revolute margins, green; corona arising near the

base of the corolla-tube, white, about 2 lin. long, ‘the lower half

tubular and about as long as the corolla-tube, divided above into

5 trifid segments alternating with 5 small recurving entire or bifid

teeth, middle tooth of the trifid segments filiform, as long as the

tube and 3-4 times as long as the lateral teeth, which are decurrent

within the tube as 5 pairs of wing-like keels, between which, at the

middle of the tube, arise 5 other filiform teeth in one series opposite

the middle teeth and reaching to the level of the lateral teeth of

Fockea. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 781

the trifid segments; anther-appendages as long as or slightly

exceeding the coronal tube. Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 545;

Wittmack in Gartenfl. xlix. 344. F. erispa, K. Schum. in Engl. and

Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 296. F. edulis, Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1898, 487, partly. Cynanchum crispum, Jacq. Fragm. 31, t. 34, fig. 5.

SourH Arrica: without locality, cultivated specimen !_

I am indebted to the courtesy of Dr. A. Zahlbruckner, Head of the Botanic

Department of the Vienna Hofmuseum, for the opportunity of examining the type

specimen of this very rare plant, of which only a single individual is known.

This was introduced from South Africa in the latter part of the 18th century and

has been in cultivation in the Imperial Garden at Schénbrunn for over 100 years

and was exhibited alive at the International Botanic Congress at Vienna in 1905.

Dr. Zahlbruckner states that it has never produced seeds, and all efforts to

propagate it have hitherto failed ; no botanical collector seems to have refound it,

so that the locality whence it came is unknown. Possibly, however, it may be

only an individual variation of F. glabra, since with the exception of the relative

proportions in size of the coronal parts, I do not find any great difference in floral

structure ; the appearance and pubescence of the plant are, however, decidedly

different, and there does not seem to be the same tendency to produce short leafy

branches in the axils of its leaves as there is in F. glabra. I have therefore

maintained them as distinct species, leaving future discoveries to prove or disprove

the correctness of this view.

Imperfectly known species.

6. F. sessiliflora (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 44) ;

stem woody, glabrous ; leaves erect or erectly spreading, }-13 in.

long, 4—7 lin. broad at the middle, lanceolate or lanceolate-oblong,

acute, tapering into a very short petiole at the base, often revolute

or undulate on the margins, glabrous ; flowers few, sessile, clustered

in the axils of the leaves (/ lateral at the nodes); sepals deltoid-

lanceolate, much shorter than the corolla, thinly puberulous, with

mealy cushions (‘“ farinoso-pulvinatis”) ; corolla-lobes erectly spread-

ing, flexuose, scarcely 3} lin. long, linear-ligulate, somewhat obtuse,

thinly puberulous on both sides ; corona tubular, with 5 short trifid

lobes at the top, having the lateral teeth a little shorter than the

middle one ; within the tube arise 10 erect filiform processes in front

of each other, in two series ; the upper series much exceeding the

tube, with their margins decurrent as 5 pairs of parallel keels ; the

lower series half as long, scarcely equalling the tube. WN. H. Br. in

Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 429.

Karanart Reaion: Transvaal ; near Klipdam, 4500 ft., Schlechter, 4493.

I have not seen this species. In the British Museum a specimen of F. tugelensis

has been named F. sessiliflora by Dr. Schlechter, whilst in the Journal of Botany,

1898, 487, he states that it is the same as F. undulata, but neither of these totally

different species corresponds to his description of F. sessiliflora.

7. F. Comaru (N. E. Br.); tuber very large and fleshy,

elongated, 3-6 in. thick, with a woody neck or permanent stem

2-3 lin. thick, from which the branches are produced ; branches

782 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Fockea.

2-1 lin. thick, apparently not more than 4—6 in. long, but broken in

the type specimen, very minutely and densely puberulous with

curved hairs, brown; leaves (broken) subsessile, }—3 lin. broad,

linear, with revolute margins, minutely puberulous. Brachystelma ?

Oomaru, EH. Meyer, Comm. 195; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 887 ; Decne im

DC. Prodr. viii. 647.

pelerigers Recion ; Richmond Div. ; vicinity of Styl Kloof, west of Richmond,

ége !

There are no flowers upon Drdge’s specimen, but its characteristics are so

exactly those of a Fockea that I have no hesitation in placing it in this genus, and

it may prove to be the same as F. angustifolia, which it very closely resem bles,

but the pubescence is much denser and the hairs composing it only about half as

long as those on F. angustifolia. Drege’s type, except in its more minute

pubescence, is very similar to Burchell’s 2465 noted under F. angustifolia, and the

native name ‘‘ Comaru” is not very unlike the native name “Gamrun” of that

species.

XXXII GYMNEMA, R. Br.

Calya 5-partite. Corolla 5-lobed to the middle or beyond ; tube

campanulate ; lobes ascending or spreading, overlapping in bud.

Corona arising from and adnate to the corolla-tube, either of 5 fleshy

lobes adnate up to the mouth of the corolla-tube, with more or less

incurved tips, or of 5 pairs of fleshy ridges on the lower part of the

tube, alternating with the corolla-lobes, densely ciliate (always ‘).

Staminal column arising from the base of the corolla ; anthers short,

erect, with short membranous appendages. Pollen-masses erect,

solitary in each anther-cell. Style often produced beyond the

anthers. Follicles smooth. Seeds crowned with a tuft of hairs.

Twining shrubs ; leaves opposite ; umbels lateral or subaxillary, often 2 from

the same node and opposite ; flowers small.

DisrrtB. Species several, in the tropical and subtropical regions of the Old

World ; only one in South Africa,

1. G. sylvestre (R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 33) ; stem climbing,

woody, 3-1} lin. thick, shortly tomentose or densely pubescent, as

are also the petioles, peduncles, bracts, pedicels and calyx ; leaves

herbaceous ; petiole 3-10 lin. long; blade }-3 in. long, 3-1} in.

broad, ovate, elliptic, ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, acute or

shortly and rather abruptly acuminate, rounded, or shortly and

broadly cuneate at the base, glabrous or (usually thinly) pubescent

above, varying through all stages from glabrous to softly and

densely pubescent beneath; umbels subaxillary, usually opposite,

about 4 in. in diam., many-flowered ; peduncles 1—5 lin. long ; bracts

minute; pedicels 1-3 lin. long; sepals 1 lin. long, elliptic-oblong,

very obtuse, ciliate ; corolla 2 lin. in diam., glabrous ; tube cam-

panulate, 3-1 lin. long; lobes spreading-recurved, about as long as

the tube, oblong-ovate or lanceolate-oblong, obtuse, fleshy, glabrous

Gymnema. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 783

on both sides, yellow or yellowish-white ; corona-lobes adnate up to

the mouth of the corolla-tube, fleshy, linear-cuneate, slightly

channelled down the middle, with the obtuse or acute apex incurved,

densely ciliate on each side of the adnate part, the hairs not

noticeable when wet; staminal column 3 lin. long, columnar, with

the very short transverse rounded anther-tips erect and applied to

the base of the stout conical or ovoid style-apex, which protrudes

about 4 lin. beyond them and is exserted from the corolla-tube,

entire or slightly bifid at the tip ; follicles 2-3} in. long, }-1 in.

thick, narrowly lanceolate, attenuate into a beak, glabrous; seeds

34-5 lin. long, ovate, plano-convex, with a rather broad marginal

wing, glabrous, brown. Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 895; DO. Prodr. viii.

621; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 43; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv.

29; Wight, Ic. Pl. ii. i. 3, t. 349; Martelli, Fl. Bogos, 55; K. Schum.

in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 325, and in Engl. Jahrb. xxx. 385 ; Schlechter

in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 23, and Journ. Bot. 1898, 486.

N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 413. G. rufescens, Decne,

and G. subvolubile, Decne in Ann. Se. Nat. 2 sér. ix. 277, t. 11, fig. A,

and in DC. Prodr. viii. 621. G. subvolubile, Hook. Niger Fl. 455;

De Wild. and Durand, Relig. Dewevr. 159. G. humile, Decne in DC.

Prodr. viii, 621; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 42. G. M'Kenii,

Harv. Gen. 8. Afr. Pl. ed. 2, 239. G. fruticulosum, Hochst. in Flora,

1844, 101. G. geminatum, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 691, not

of R. Br. Periploca sylvestris, Retz. Obs. ii. 15 ; Willd. Phytogr. 7,

t. 5, fig. 3, and Sp. Pl. i. 1252. Cynanchum subvolubile, Schumach.

and Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 150. C. senegalense, Sieber ea Decne in

DC. Prodr. viii. 621, Asclepias geminata, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 20,

and Fl. Ind. ii. 45 (1832). Dregea floribunda, Wood and Evans,

Natal Pl. i. 69, t. 86, excluding description and figure of the fruit.

Katawart Reaion: Transvaal; Avoca, near Barberton, 1900 ft., Galpin,

1239! South African Gold Fields, Baines !

Eastern Reaion: Natal; near the Umgeni River, Gerrard, 1314 (mixed with

Marsdenia floribunda)! in a damp Ravine near Sydenham, McKen, 3! Umzinyati

Falls, Wood, 1249! Palmiet, 150 ft., Wood, 7559! Delagoa Bay, Forbes !

Also in Tropical Africa, Madagascar, and the drier parts of India; the

Australian plant united with it by Bentham is quite distinct.

The fresh leaves of this plant, when chewed, have the property of destroying

the taste of sweetness, as was first observed by M. P. Edgeworth, see Proc. Linn.

Soc. i. 853; D. Hooper in Nature, xxxv. 565, and L. E. Shore in Journ. of

Physiology, xiii. 191.

XXXIV. RHYSSOLOBIUM, E. Meyer.

Calyx 5-partite ; sepals lanceolate, acute, thick. Corolla small,

somewhat fleshy, campanulate, with 5 oblong slightly spreading

lobes, densely bearded within. Corona none. Stamens united into

a short column, inserted near the base of the corolla-tube; the

filament part with prominent horny margins on the upper part ;

784 ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). | Rhyssolobiwm.

anthers erect, terminated by a membranous appendage. Pollen-

masses erect, attached in pairs by short caudicles to the elongated

erect pollen-carriers. Follicles small, evidently thick and fleshy,

only the dried flattened-out remains seen, which are covered with

very crowded and very thin longitudinal lamella-like ridges outside

and with fewer and much coarser ridges inside, both of which may

be due to shrinkage. Seeds not seen.

A small, much-branched shrublet with woody whitish-puberulous branches.

Leaves opposite or at the base of the branchlets subfasciculate, small and thick,

subterete from the revolute margins ; flowers 1-3 together, subsessile at the nodes,

very small,

DistriB. Species 1, endemic.

1. R. dumosum (E. Meyer, Comm. 217); a small, much-branched

shrublet less than a foot high; branchlets woody, rigid, whitish-

puberulous ; leaves opposite or subfasciculate, subsessile, 1}—3 lin.

long, 4-3 lin. broad, linear, obtuse, very thick, from the very

revolute margins, puberulous ; flowers 1-3 together, subsessile at

the nodes ; sepals about 1 lin. long, } lin. broad, lanceolate or ovate-

lanceolate, acute, thick, keeled on the back, puberulous ; corolla

campanulate, glabrous outside and on the lower part of the tube

within, the throat of the tube and inner face of the lobes, except at

the tips, densely bearded with long hairs; tube 1 lin. long ; lobes

1-1} lin. long, 2 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, slightly spreading ;

staminal column 3 lin. long, cylindric ; anther-appendages oblong,

subacute, connivent-erect over the short obtusely conical style-apex ;

follicles 1-11 in. long, probably lanceolate - fusiform, thick and

fleshy, glabrous, the dried remains densely covered with very thin

longitudinal ridges not thicker than paper. Harv. Gen. S. Afr.

Pl. ed. i. 227, and ed. 2, 239; Decne in DO. Prodr. viii. 626 ;

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 458. Astephanus dwmosus, Dietr.

Syn. Pl. ii. 909.

Western Recron: Little Namaqualand ; on dry hills near Arris, towards the

mouth of the Orange River, below 200 ft., Drége, 3049 !

XXXV. ORTHANTHERA, Wight.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla-tube elongated, slightly or globosely

inflated at the base, often with the inflation extending between the

sepals into 5 blunt angles; lobes 5, erect or spreading, valvate 1n

bud, sometimes with minute pocket-like thickenings at the sinuses

between them. Corona of 5 erect A-shaped lobes arising at or near

the base of the staminal column and adnate to it between the pairs

of anther-wings, nearly or quite as long as the latter, with free out-

standing or reflexed wing-like (when dried) margins. Staminal

column arising from the bottom of the corolla-tube and enclosed in

the inflated part ; anthers connivent-erect, linear or oblong at the

Orthanthera.] ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 785

fertile part, with a subulate or narrow appendage or apiculus ;

anther-wings below the cells decurrent on the filament part, sub-

parallel. Pollen-masses erect, with a pellucid area at the apex,

solitary in each anther-cell, attached in pairs to the pollen-carriers

by short slender caudicles at their base. Style equalling or shorter

than the anthers, with a slender conical or needle-like terminal part.

Follicles terete and acute or fusiform and acuminate, smooth. Seeds

crowned with a tuft of hairs.

Herbaceous with prostrate leafy stems, or shrubby with erect parallel branches,

leafless or with linear leaves ; leaves opposite ; flowers small or of moderate size,

in pedunculate or subsessile umbels or clusters lateral at the nodes.

Distris.—Species 3, one in India, and the 2 following also in Tropical Africa.

Stems prostrate, pubescent or scabrous; corolla-tube

g-$in. long... = cic pin ... (1) jasminiflora,

Stems erect, glabrous, white-glaucous; corolla-tube

rather less than } in. long : sks ane .-» (2) albida,

1. O. jasminiflora (N. E. Br. ex Schinz in Verhandl. Bot. Ver.

Brandenb. xxx. 265); stems prostrate, 14-15 ft. long, branching,

pubescent or somewhat scabrous ; leaves spreading, scabrous ; petiole

1-5 lin. long; blade 3-21 in. long, 4-1 in. broad, linear, lanceolate,

oblong, ovate to nearly circular, acute or obtuse and apiculate at

the apex, rounded, truncate, cordate or subhastate at the base,

rather thick and rigid, often wavy or crisped on the margins;

umbels pedunculate, 2~13-flowered ; peduncle 41} in. long, scabrous

or pubescent ; bracts 1-24 lin. long, }-3 lin. broad, subulate or

ovate-lanceolate, acute; pedicels 2-7 lin. long, scabrous or pubes-

cent ; sepals 14-3 lin. long, 2-1 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute or

acuminate, pubescent; corolla pubescent all over the outside and

within the upper part of the tube, cream-coloured ; tube usually

2—} in. long, rarely less, globose-pentagonal (i.e. with 5 inflations

between the sepals) at the base, cylindric and 1 lin. in diam. above ;

lobes usually 44-6 lin. long, rarely less, 14 lin. broad, more or less

spreading, linear-lanceolate, acute, recurved along the margins,

glabrous on the inner face ; corona-lobes $—3 lin. long, broadly

A-shaped, adnate to the staminal celumn, with broad free reflexed

margins ; staminal column 1} lin. long; anthers connivent-erect

over and about twice as long as the conical acute style-apex, oblong,

with a subulate or deltoid-lanceolate glabrous appendage 2 as long

as the cells ; follicles 4 in. long, } in. thick, fusiform, tapering into

a long beak. K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii.

266 and 264, fig. 77, D-E, inaccurate as to anther-tips ; N. E. Br. in

Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 434. Barrowia jasminiflora, Decne in

DC. Prodr. viii. 630 ; Delessert, Ic. v. 37, t. 88 (inaccurate as to

Jig. 1); Harv. Gen. 8. Afr. Pl. ed. 2, 240 ; Marloth in Engl. Jahrb. x.

_ 244; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897,291. Pergularia? jasminiflora,

Burch. ex Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 630.

VOL. IV.—SECT. I.—PART V. 3B

786 ASCLEPIADE (Brown), [ Orthanthera.

CenTRAL Recton: Hopetown Div. ; near Hopetown, Shaw ! Muskett, 120!

and in Herb. Bolus, 2565 !

Katanart Recion: Griqualand West; near Kimberley, Marloth, 756! on

plains near the Vaal River, Bowker, 20! Bechuanaland; at Patani, near the

Kuruman River, Burchell, 2416! near Kuruman, Burchell, 2422! 2427! near the

sources of the Kuruman River, Burchell, 2505! Transvaal ; Magalies Berg,

6000-7000 ft., Zeyher, 1154! Burke, 63! Crocodile River, Burke, 129! Maquasi

Mountain, Nelson, 47 !

Also in Tropical Africa.

The flowers are said to be strongly scented. A form with a corolla-tube

33-4 lin. long and lobes 24-3 lin. long, from Tropical Africa, has been described as

O. browniana, Schinz in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb, xxx. 264 ; this may also

be found to occur in South Africa, I believe it to be a somewhat starved condition

of the species.

2. 0. albida (Schinz in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxx. 265) ;

a much-branched bush; branches erect, crowded, slender, white-

glaucous ; leaves distant, erect or ascending, 3_13% in. long, $1 lin.

broad, linear, pungent-acute, channelled down the face, subsessile,

glabrous ; umbels 4—6-flowered, subsessile or on peduncles }—1 lin.

long, white-tomentose, except on the corolla ; bracts }-1 lin. long ;

pedicels 4 lin. long or less; sepals 1 lin. long, lanceolate, acute ;

corolla whitish-puberulous outside, glabrous within ; tube about

21 lin. long, slightly inflated and about 1 lin. in diam. at the base,

5-grooved ; lobes 14-14 lin. long, erect, linear, subacute, with 5 minute

pocket-like thickenings at the sinuses between them ; corona-lobes

minute, A-shaped, arising a little above the base of the 1 lin.-long

staminal column and adnate to it between and scarcely as long as

the pairs of anther-wings, with free reflexed margins; anthers

connivent-erect around and about equalling the slender terete style-

apex, linear, with a short acute appendage, fringed or tipped with

a tuft of long hairs. Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 148; K. Schum.

in Engl. and Prantl, Pfhlanzenfam. iv. ii. 266 ; N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fil.

a8 Afr. iv. i. 434. O. stricta, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw.

i. 694.

: is oy pa Recion: Great Namaqualand ; Bysondermaid, Schinz, 26! Karakoes,

chinz ! f

Also in §.W. Tropical Africa.

XXXVI. SISYRANTHUS, E. Meyer,

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla 5-lobed to half-way ; tube campanulate

or globose-campanulate, sometimes quite glabrous, but more often

bearded with hairs at the mouth or with 5 small tufts of hair in

the throat ; lobes ascending or spreading, glabrous or with hairs on the

inner face. Corona of 5 lobes arising from the staminal column and

partly adnate to it, with their sides and upper part free, ovate,

deltoid-ovate or oblong, entire and obtuse or acute, or rhomboid or

Sisyranthus. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 787

broadly cuneate and 3-toothed, with the lateral teeth very small

and the middle tooth large, acute (rarely bifid), or prolonged into a

subulate or filiform point, erect or the points incurved or connivent.

Stamens arising from the base of the corolla, their filaments connate

into a tube around the ovary and adnate.to the top of the dilated

part of the style; anthers free, erect, without an appendage, but

often ciliate with long hairs at the apex. Pollen-masses solitary

and erect in each cell, pellucid across the top, attached in pairs to

the pollen-carriers by short caudicles. Style not exceeding or shorter

than the anthers, depressed or concave at the apex. Follicles rather

slender, narrowly fusiform, tapering into a beak, smooth. Seeds

(not seen ripe), crowned by a tuft of hairs.

Erect herbs ; rootstook a cluster of long thick fleshy roots ; stem rather slender,

usually simple ; leaves long, linear, in distant pairs, those of the lowest 2-4 nodes

very much reduced or rudimentary and closely adpressed to the stem ; flowers in

umbels, lateral and pedunculate or terminal and subsessile.

Distris. Species 11, endemic. With the exception of S. trichostomus,

S. compactus, and S. anceps, which are the most distinct in habit, the species of

this genus are very much alike and cannot be determined without dissection.

Corolla-lobes with hairs all over their inner face or at

least extending to their base near the margins, and

the throat and mouth of the tube bearded with

hairs

Umbels racemosely scattered along the stem, somewhat

distant ; corona-lobes exceeding and connivent or

incurved over the tops and hairs of the anthers:

Corona-lobes reaching to or shortly exserted from the

mouth of the corolla-tube shi fee ... (1) Saundersia.

Corona-lobes not nearly reaching to the mouth of the

corolla-tube :

Entire corolla 24 lin. long ; anthers broader than

long, transversely elliptic-oblong, ciliate with

very few hairs at the apex... ae ... (3) virgatus.

Entire corolla not more than 2 lin. long ; anthers

longer than broad, oblong, densely ciliate

with rather long hairs at the apex ... ... (4) barbatus.

Umbels clustered or crowded into a head at the top of

the stem or the lowest distant ; corona-lobes shorter

than the anthers or scarcely exceeding the hairs at

their tips ; entire corolla 13-2 lin. long ... _... (5) compactus.

Corolla-lobes hairy at the tips or apical half, glabrous

on the lower half of the inner face ; mouth and throat

of the tube bearded with hairs :

Stem 2-edged ; umbels crowded or 1 distant ; corona-

lobes with long filiform points much exceeding the

anthers and reaching to or exserted from the

mouth of the corolla-tube ... re see .-» (2) anceps,

Stem terete ; umbels all distant ; corona-lobes with a

short inflexed point not exceeding the anther-tips

and not or scarcely reaching to the mouth of the a

corolla-tube ... 0... os +++ (6) reer

eee aoe

788 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [Sisyranthus.

Corolla-lobes quite glabrous on their inner face :

Corolla-tube densely bearded with hairs at the mouth

and throat:

Umbel solitary, rarely 2, terminal, densely 12-30-

flowered ; corona-lobes shorter than the staminal

OMIA © use Se ons ‘ we

(7) trichostomus.

Umbels 2-3, racemosely arranged, 6-15-flowered ;

corona-lobes longer ,than and incurved or con-

nivent over the staminal column eas ... (8) Huttone.

Corolla-tube with only 5 small tufts of deflexed hai

at the throat; corona-lobes shorter than or no

exceeding the anthers ; umbels racemose... .-» (9) imberbis.

Corolla-tube entirely destitute of hairs within :

Leaves linear, 2-14 lin. broad; corona-lobes very

broadly ovate and entire or 3-toothed, or sub-

quadrate and shortly acuminate ... Se ... (10) macer.

Leaves filiform, rarely linear or more than $ lin.

broad ; corona-lobes oblong, obtuse or with an

inflexed subacute apex channelled down the

back, entire or rarely with minute teeth near ‘

cont of GS gee ioe ... (11) Randii.

1. §. Saundersie (N. E. Br.); stem 14-24 ft. high, subterete,

sometimes slightly 2-edged below each node or at the base, glabrous ;

developed leaves erect, 1-2 in. long, }-} lin. broad, linear, acute,

minutely ciliate-denticulate on the margins, glabrous ; umbels 4-6

to a stem, erect, racemosely arranged, all rather distant, 3-5-

flowered ; peduncles 2~7 lin. long, glabrous ; pedicels 4-3 in. long,

glabrous ; sepals 1-1} lin. long, lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous or

with a few hairs on the back; corolla-tube 14-1} lin. long, cam-

panulate, faintly constricted at the mouth, densely bearded at the

mouth with converging hairs and with 5 tufts of deflexed hairs at the

throat within, otherwise glabrous ; lobes suberect, 1-1} lin. long,

about } lin. broad, oblong-ovate, acute, glabrous on the back,

thinly or densely bearded with hairs at the apex and along within

the margins to the base, and thinly sprinkled with scattered hairs or

subglabrous on the middle part ; corona-lobes 1} lin. long, reaching

to or shortly exserted from the mouth of the corolla-tube, broadly

or transversely rhomboid at the }—3 lin.-broad basal part, 3-toothed,

lateral teeth minute, middle tooth broad-based, prolonged into g

slender filiform point much longer than the basal part, connivent-

erect high above the } lin.-long staminal column ; anthers sub-

quadrate-ovate, tipped with a few hairs.

Eastern Ruaion: Natal; Inanda, 1200 ft., Wood, 265, partly ! and without

precise locality, Mrs, K. Saunders !

Closely allied to S. anceps and has been distributed under the same —

but besides differing in the subterete stem, more numerous and distant um ns

and more hairy corolla-lobes, the lateral teeth of the corona-lobes are nearer be

the top of the broad part of the lobe and also relatively to the top of the stamin

column than they are in S. anceps.

Sisyranthus. | ASCLEPIADE# (Brown). 789

2. 8. anceps (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 45) ; stem

solitary or 2 to a plant, simple, 11-1? ft. high, compressed and dis-

tinctly 2-edged, glabrous ; leaves erect or ascending, 1-34 in. long,

4? lin. broad, linear or linear-filiform, acute, minutely denticulate

and ciliate on the margins, glabrous; umbels 2-3, all crowded at

the top of the stem or the lower one distant, 4—9-flowered ;

peduncle 0-2 lin. long, glabrous; pedicels 1—} in. long, glabrous ;

sepals 1-1} lin. long, lanceolate, acute or acuminate, sparsely

pubescent ; corolla-tube 1}-1} lin. long, campanulate, faintly con-

tracted at the mouth, glabrous outside, densely bearded at the

mouth and in the throat, with the hairs in the throat deflexed ;

lobes 1} lin. long, suberect, oblong or oblong-ovate, acute, bearded

with hairs on the apical half of the inner face, glabrous elsewhere ;

corona-lobes reaching to or shortly exserted from the mouth of the

corolla-tube, 1-1} lin. long, basal half 3—} lin. broad, broadly

rhomboid-ovate or obovate, 3-toothed, with the lateral teeth minute

and the middle tooth filiform, erect, much exceeding the 4—} lin.-

long staminal column and connivent above it; anthers with 3 or 4

hairs at the apex. K. Schwm. in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv.

ii, 264, fig. 77, A-C, and 265; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 291.

Eastern Recon: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 265 partly! near Gilletts, Wood,

6588 ! near Camperdown, 3000 ft., Schlechter, 3278 (ex Schlechter).

S. Saundersiz, N. E. Br., has also been distributed by Mr. Wood as 265.

3. 8. virgatus (E. Meyer, Comm. 197) ; stem of the type 2} ft.

high, 1 lin. thick at the base, simple, glabrous ; leaves erect, sessile,

24-31 in. long, 4 lin. broad, linear, acute, with minutely toothed and

slightly ciliate margins ; umbels lateral at the nodes and terminal,

pedunculate, 2-8-flowered, sometimesslightly compound ; peduncles }-

1 in. long, glabrous ; bracts 3-1} lin. long, subulate, ciliate ; pedicels

unequal, 44-9 lin. long, thinly puberulous along one side ; sepals

about 14 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, ovate, acuminate, with the margins

inrolled at the apical part, glabrous ; corolla-tube 1} lin. long,

globose-campanulate, glabrous outside, densely bearded with a ring

of spreading hairs at the mouth and with 5 triangular patches of

deflexed hairs on the upper part within, glabrous below ; lobes

ascending-spreading, 1} lin. long, 3- lin. broad, oblong, subacute,

glabrous on the back, densely bearded with long hairs all over the

inner face, those at the apex forming a distinct tuft ; corona-lobes

reaching to about the middle of the corolla-tube, about j lin. long,

2 lin. broad, broadly cuneate-subquadrate, 3-toothed at the top,

lateral teeth minute, middle tooth subulate, closely inflexed over the

tops of the anthers; staminal column 3 lin. long; anthers trans-

versely elliptic or elliptic-oblong, thinly ciliate at the apex with very

few hairs. Deene in DO. Prodr. viii. 649 ; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb.

xxi, Beibl. 54, 12, not elsewhere; K. Schum. in Engl. and Pranil,

Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 265. Brachystelma? virgatum, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii.

888.

790 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [Sisyranthus.

Eastern REGION: Pondoland; between St. John’s River and the great

waterfall, 500-1000 ft., Drége, 4975!

The above description is made from the type specimen in E. Meyer's

Herbarium, which is the only one I have seen of this species. I do not know what

plant is intended for S. virgatus by Schlechter in Jowrn. Bot. 1897, 291, where he

records it as having a wide distribution, the name may possibly partly refer to

S. compactus, N. E. Br.

4. §. barbatus (N. E. Br.) ; stem 16-20 in. high, usually simple,

glabrous; leaves 24-4 in. long, 3-1 lin. broad, linear, acute,

glabrous, thinly ciliate but not toothed on the margins ; umbels

2-4 to a stem, laxly racemose, pedunculate, 9-12-flowered, often

subcompound ; peduncles 1-1} in. long, glabrous; bracts 3-1 lin.

long, subulate, ciliate ; pedicels 2-3 lin. long, pubescent on one side ;

sepals 1-1} lin. long, 3 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute or acuminate,

thinly pubescent, ciliate ; corolla-tube 1 lin. long, 14 lin. in diam.,

globose-campanulate, constricted under the limb, glabrous outside,

densely bearded with deflexed hairs on the upper part within,

glabrous below; lobes 1 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, oblong, subacute,

glabrous on the back, densely covered with long soft white hairs all

over the inner face, except along the margins; corona-lobes not

reaching to the mouth of the corolla-tube, 3 lin. long, broadly

cuneate, 3-toothed, lateral teeth very short, middle tooth subulate,

shortly exceeding and incurved over the style-apex and hairs of the

anthers ; staminal column 2 lin. long ; anthers oblong, longer than

broad, densely ciliate at the apex with long white hairs. S. macer,

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 291, partly. Lagarinthus barbatus,

Turez. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose, 1848, i. 257.

Coast Recion: Bathurst Div. ; near or east of the Kowie River, Ecklon or

Zeyher! Fort Beaufort or Queenstown Div.; Winterberg Range, Ecklon, 24 (ex

Turczaninow), Stutterheim Div. ; Mount Dohne, 4000-4500 ft., Bolus, 10189 !

Eastern Recion : Transkei ; Tsomo, Mrs. Barber, 863! Tembuland ; Engeobo

Mountain, 4500 ft., Bolus!

This differs from S. virgatus by its much smaller flowers and oblong (not

transverse) and more densely ciliate anthers. S. imberbis, var. barbatus,

Schlechter in Engl, Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 46, I am unable to identify, as no

specimen is quoted, but from his description it is evident that Dr. Schlechter 1s

mistaken in supposing it to be Lagarinthus barbatus, Turez,

5. 8. compactus (N. E. Br.); stems 6-14 in. high, simple,

glabrous, marked with a transverse stipulary line at the nodes ;

leaves 24—4 in. long, }—1} lin. broad, linear, acute, glabrous, minutely

and somewhat obscurely toothed, with or without a slight ciliation ;

umbels 2—5 or 1 terminal compound umbel, 5-12- (or when com-

pound very many-) flowered; peduncles 0-1 in. long, glabrous;

bracts }-I} lin. long, linear-subulate, ciliate ; pedicels 1}—4 lin.

long, glabrous or pubescent along one side ; sepals about 1 lin, long,

} lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute, varying from thinly pubescent

and ciliate to almost glabrous ; corolla-tube 1 lin. long, 14-1} lin.

in diam., globose-campanulate, contracted at the mouth, glabrous

outside, densely bearded with deflexed hairs on the upper part within,

Sisyranthus. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 791

glabrous below ; lobes 3-1 lin. long, }—} lin. broad, ascending-spread-

ing, ovate-oblong, acute, glabrous on the back, densely bearded with

long hairs all over the inner face, darker coloured than the tube,

with pale margins ; corona-lobes reaching to about the middle of the

corolla-tube, 1-2 lin. long, 3-3 lin. broad, 3-toothed or broadly

rhomboid with the side angles somewhat tooth-like, middle tooth

deltoid, acute or shortly subulate-acuminate, erect, shorter than the

anthers or scarcely exceeding the hairs at their tips, not incurved

over them; staminal column 2 lin. long; anthers oblong, densely

ciliate with rather long white hairs at the tips. S. virgatus, Harv.

Thes. Cap. ii. 10, t. 115 (as to the plant figured) ; Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 12, not of EH. Meyer or elsewhere.

Coast Recion: Bathurst Div. ; between Kasuga River and Kowie River, Bowie !

near Bathurst, Hutton! Trapps Valley, Miss Daly, 701! near the mouth of the

Great Fish River, 100 ft., MacOwan, 1226! East London Div. ; coast at Panmure,

Mrs. Hutton! near East London, Wood in Herb. Galpin, 3124! Komgha Div. ;

hills near Komgha, Flanagan, 395 !

Eastern Recion: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker! near Kentani,

Miss Pegler, 658 !

This has been identified with S. virgatus, E. Meyer, by Harvey and Schlechter,

but conspicuously differs in being only about half as tall, its inflorescence more

compact, pedicels shorter, flowers smaller (they are represented too large in

Harvey’s figure), and the anthers are oblong (not transverse) and ciliate with

much longer and more numerous hairs, which are erect and collectively form a

little brush, usually projecting much above the corona-lobes.

6. 8. Fanninii (N. E. Br.) ; stem 2 ft. or more high, simple,

subterete, not 2-edged, slightly pubescent about the nodes and

along one side at the upper part, otherwise glabrous ; leaves erect

or ascending, 24-4 in. long, 4-4 lin. broad, linear or linear-filiform,

acute, minutely ciliate along the usually infolded margins ; umbels

about 4, racemosely arranged, 4~9-flowered ; peduncles }—1} in.

long, thinly and minutely pubescent, as are the 4-7 lin.-long

pedicels ; bracts 1-24 lin. long, linear or subulate, ciliate ; sepals

about 1} lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, minutely pubescent,

ciliate ; corolla-tube 1 lin. long, rather broadly cup-shaped, not

contracted at the mouth, glabrous outside, bearded at the mouth

with a ring of hairs, which descend very slightly into the tube as

5 broadly triangular patches ; lobes ascending, 1 lin. long and

broad, ovate, subobtuse, with a thin tuft of a few hairs at the apex

of the inner face, otherwise glabrous ; corona-lobes not or scarcely

reaching to the mouth of the corolla-tube, 3— lin. long, erect,

deltoid-ovate or subhastate-ovate, with a small spreading tooth or

angle near the base, acute, with a short point inflexed from the

apex upon the anther-tips and not exceeding them; staminal

column 3 lin. long ; anthers with or without 1 or 2 hairs at the apex.

Eastern Rearon : Natal; Dargle Farm, Miss Fannin, 54!

Allied to S. virgatus, differing in its shorter flowers and open cup-shaped

-corolla-tube,

792 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [Sisyranthus.

7. 8. trichostomus (K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

iv. ii. 265); stem 14-2 ft. bigh, simple, thinly pubescent at the

top, elsewhere glabrous ; developed leaves in 2—4 pairs, spreading

or reflexed, but ascending in some dried specimens, 2-64 in. long,

4-1} lin. broad, linear, acute, narrowed at the base, glabrous,

minutely denticulate and ciliate on the infolded margins ; umbel

solitary, rarely 2, terminal, subglobose, densely 12-30-flowered ;

pedicels 1} in. long, shortly pilose ; sepals 14-2 lin. long, 4-2 lin.

broad, linear-subulate, lanceolate or ovate, acuminate; pubescent

or shortly pilose ; corolla-tube 3-1} lin. long, globose-campanulate,

slightly constricted and densely bearded at the mouth, with

the upper hairs ascending or converging and the lower defiexed,

apparently yellow ; lobes 1-2 lin. long, }-1} lin. broad, spreading,

but often appearing erect in dried flowers, oblong or ovate-oblong,

obtuse, glabrous on both sides; corona-lobes shorter than the

staminal column, 1—} lin. long, 4-3 lin. broad at the top, broadly

cuneate, 3-toothed at the top, with the middle tooth short, very

broad and bifid or deeply divided, lateral teeth minute ; anthers

erect around and equalling the truncate style-apex, hairy at their

tips. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 291. 8. virgatus, var.

trichostomus, Harv. Thes. Oap. ii. 10. S. rotatus, Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 46. S$. expansum, Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1897, 291.

Eastern Recion: Griqualand East; mountains around Clydesdale, 3000 ft.,

Tyson, 2146! and in Bolus and MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 1084 !

Natal ; Dargle Farm, Mrs. Fannin, 51! hill near Camperdown, 2500 ft., Wood,

5715! Greenwich Farm, Riet Vley, Fry in Herb. Galpin, 2736! between

Greytown and Newcastle, Wilms, 2145! near Pietermaritzburg, Wilms, 2146!

Rock Fountain, Mrs. Clarke! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 2165!

Sanderson, 136 !

8. S. Huttone (S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1907, 154); stem 1-ly

ft. high, simple, glabrous or with a few hairs about the iy waiver

nodes ; leaves ascending or slightly spreading, 2-3} in. ong, 3-3

lin. broad, linear-filiform, glabrous, minutely and adpressedly ciliate-

denticulate ; umbels 2—3, lateral and terminal, apparently nodding,

6—15-flowered ; peduncles 4-1} in. long; pedicels 5-9 lin. long,

thinly puberulous along one side; bracts 1]—24 lin. long, subulate,

minutely ciliate; sepals 14-13 lin. long, lanceolate, subulate-

acuminate from the margins being infolded, with a very few hairs

on the back or margins; corolla-tube 1-1} lin. long, subglobose-

campanulate, densely bearded at the mouth and throat, with the

upper hairs converging to the centre and the lower deflexed, other-

wise glabrous ; lobes 1-1} lin. long, #-1 lin. broad, ovate or oblong-

ovate, subacute, quite glabrous on both sides ; corona-lobes }-1} lin.

long, triangular-ovate, with a minute tooth on each side near the

base, acuminate at the apex into subulate or filiform points

connivent above the anthers, with erect or recurving tips.

Schizoglosswm Huttone, §. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1902, 383, and

1907, 154, :

Sisyranthus. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 793

Eastern Recion: Natal; Shafton, Howick, Mrs. Hutton, 407! Greenwich

Farm, Riet Vlei, Fry in Herb. Galpin, 2737 !

Asclepias cucullata, Schlechter, has also been distributed by Mrs, Hutton as 407.

The Greenwich Farm plant has flowers that are larger in all their parts than the

type, the points of the corona-lobes being very much longer, but in every other

character the two are identical, and it is probably only a luxuriant specimen.

Misled by its external resemblance to S. Randii, and without having dissected it,

this specimen was unfortunately originally quoted by Moore under that species in

Journ. Bot. 1903, 200, but the corolla and corona are quite different.

9. S. imberbis (Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 11, t. 116); stems usually

14-2 (rarely up to 34) ft. high, 4-1 lin. thick at the base, usually

simple, glabrous ; leaves ascending or spreading, 14-5 in. long, }-1

lin. broad, linear, acute, apparently folded lengthwise, glabrous,

minutely and sparsely ciliate and denticulate on the margins ;

umbels 2-6 to a stem, racemose, pedunculate, 2~7-flowered ;

peduncles 4-1 in. long, rarely longer, slender, glabrous ; bracts

4-2 lin. long, subulate or lanceolate, acuminate, ciliate ; pedicels

2-41 lin. long, glabrous; sepals 1-13 lin. long, }-3 lin. broad,

ovate-lanceolate, convolute-acuminate at the apical half, glabrous,

not ciliate ; corolla glabrous outside, not bearded at the mouth, but

furnished with 5 tufts of deflexed hairs at the top of the tube just

below the lobes inside, otherwise glabrous; tube }-1 lin. long,

14-13 lin. in diam., broadly campanulate or cup-shaped, slightly

contracted at the mouth, 5-concave inside; lobes 14-13 lin. long,

~1 lin. broad, ascending-spreading, oblong or ovate-oblong, acute

or subobtuse ; corona-lobes erect, not exceeding or shorter than the

anthers, 4-2 lin. long, broadly ovate or deltoid-ovate, obtuse or

acute, with slightly reflexed sides and rounded basal angles ;

staminal column 3-1 lin. long; anthers oblong, obtuse or with an

obtuse apiculus, not ciliate; follicles 23-34 in. long, 2 lin. thick,

terete-fusiform, tapering into a long acute beak, smooth, glabrous.

K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 265. 8. macer,

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 291, partly.

Coast Recron : Albany Div.; near Grahamstown, MacOwan, 664! Misses Daly

and Sole, 542! Hutton! Howisons Poort, MacOwan ! :

Katanart Reqion: Basutoland, Cooper, 2730! Orange River Colony, Cooper,

959 ! ;

Eastern Recon: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker, _ 299! near Kentani,

Miss Pegler, 657! Natal; Inanda, Wood, 376! 1192! Clairmont, near Durban,

Wood, 3907! and in Herb. Natal, 714! and without precise locality, Gueinzius !

Wood 714 is also an orchid.

10. S. macer (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 291, as to E.

Meyer’s plant only) ; exactly like S. imberbis in habit, stem, umbels,

and measurements of corolla ; leaves 4—5 in. long, 3-1} lin. broad ;

corolla entirely glabrous within and without ; corona-lobes erect,

shorter than the stamens, } lin. long and as much in breadth,

usually very broadly ovate and entire or somewhat angular at the

sides or 3-toothed, with the side teeth very small and the middle

794. ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [Sisyranthus,

one broadly deltoid obtuse, or rarely subquadrate and_ shortly

acuminate; staminal column ? lin. long ; anthers erect, exceeding

the style-apex, narrowly oblong, minutely apiculate, not ciliate.

S. imberbis, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 12, and xxi.

Beibl. 54, 12, with a false reference to HE. Meyer, not of Harvey.

Lagarinthus macer, E. Meyer, Comm. 206. Gomphocarpus macer,

Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 901. Periglosswm macrum, Deene in DC. Prodr.

viii. 520.

Coast Recion: Komgha Div. ; hills near Komgha, Flanagan, 374! Kaffraria,

Drége, 4974!

This may be only a variety or hybrid form of S. imberbis, but the absence of the

tufts of hair in the corolla-tube, which evidently play some important part in the

economy of this genus, seem to point to a specific distinction. The corona-lobes

in different flowers of the single type specimen vary considerably. It seems to be

rare, as I have only seen the two specimens above quoted.

11. 8. Randii (S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1903, 200, including var.

abbreviatus) ; stems one to several from a root, 13-24 ft. high,

simple or sparingly branched above, glabrous ; developed leaves

in 5-8 pairs, 3-54 in. long, decreasing upwards, erect or ascending,

4-1 lin. broad, filiform or very narrowly linear, acute, channelled

down the face or longitudinally folded, minutely and distantly

ciliate, otherwise glabrous ; umbels several, lateral at the nodes,

3-7-flowered, glabrous ; peduncles }-2 in, long ; pedicels 3-5 lin.

long ; sepals 1}—2 lin. long, ovate or elliptic with a subulate point ;

corolla quite glabrous outside and within, cream-coloured (Miss

Pegler), greenish-brown when dried ; tube about 1 lin. long and

2 lin. in diam., depressed-globose, contracted at the mouth ; lobes

erect or slightly spreading, 1-1} lin. long and broad, ovate or

oblong-ovate, obtuse ; corona-lobes shorter than to about as long as

the staminal column, erect, 3 lin. long, scarcely } lin. broad unless

flattened out, oblong, entire or rarely with a minute tooth on each

side at the base, channelled.down the back, obtuse or inflexed and

subacute at the apex ; staminal column 3 lin. long ; anthers connl-

vent-incumbent over the style-apex, oblong, usually ciliate with

2 or 3 minute bristlelike hairs at the tips. S. imberbis, Schlechter

in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 45, not of Harv.

KALAHARI ReGIon: Transvaal; near a marsh, Ginsberg, East Rand, near

Johannesberg, 6000 ft., Miss Pegler, 1052! marsh near Elsburg, 5400 ft.,

Schlechter, 3543! open veldt, near Johannesberg, Rand, 856! Modderfontem,

Conrath, 1005! second water between Nelspruit and Sibthorps, Burtt Davy, 1611!

between Standerton and Pretoria, Wilms, 924! near Pretoria, Schlechter, 3692 !

ior pa Recon: Swaziland; near Mbabane (Embabaan), 4400 ft., Bolus,

This species is very similar to S. macer, but has narrower leaves and different

corona-lobes, the localities of the two are also widely separated. The variety

— is merely a rather smaller individual than the type but otherwise does _

n er,

Tenaris. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 795

XXXVII. TENARIS, E. Meyer.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla-tube very short ; lobes 5, linear, linear-

spathulate or filiform, spreading or ascending, valvate or replicate-

valvate in bud. Corona small, double, arising from the staminal

column above its base; outer corona of 5 small concave lobes or

minute pouches, more or less spreading, alternating with the

anthers; inner corona of 5 linear, subulate or filiform lobes,

incumbent on the backs of the anthers and shorter than, equalling

or exceeding the latter. Staminal column arising from the base of

the corolla, very small, included in the corolla-tube ; anthers

inflexed upon the style-apex, without an appendage or rarely with

a very short one. Pollen-masses minute, subascending or sub-

horizontal, solitary in each anther-cell, with a pellucid linear area

close to the apex, attached in pairs to the very minute pollen-

carriers by very short slender caudicles at their middle or near

their base. Style-apex usually shortly conical and acute, rarely

comparatively large and obtuse. Follicles erect, somewhat diverging,

slender, smooth. Seeds crowned with a tuft of hairs.

Perennial herbs with tuberous rootstock ; stems slender, erect ; leaves opposite,

linear or filiform ; inflorescence leafless and terminal, racemose or paniculate,

or the flowers 1-8 together in sessile or pedunculate fascicles or in long slender

racemes, lateral at the nodes of the terminal and leaf-bearing part of the stem.

Disrris. Species 7, the others in Tropical Africa.

Corolla-lobes linear-spathulate, 3-14 lin. broad at the

apex, pink :

Flowering part of the stem leafless and bractless or

with some bracts 3-1 lin. long ; sepals lanceolate... (1) rubella.

Flowering part of the stem with subulate or filiform

bracts 1-6 lin. long ; sepals filiform-subulate from

a broader base abe ca : ae ... (2) simulans.

Corolla-lobes filiform or linear-filiform, } lin. broad,

purple-brown on the inner face; flowering part of

stem with leaves :

Flowers in fascicles of 8-5 at the nodes ; inner corona-

lobes shorter than or subequalling the anthers ... (3) chlorantha.

Flowers in slender 2-6-noded racemes ; inner corona- :

lobes much longer than the anthers cee ... (4) filifolia.

1. T. rubella (E. Meyer, Comm. 198) ; tuber depressed, 1-1} in,

in diam.; stem 4-13 ft. high, solitary, slender, simple or with

1 branch, leafless on the flowering part, glabrous ; leaves in 3-6

pairs, ascending or erect, 1-2} in. long, 3-1 lin. broad, linear, acute,

glabrous ; flowers in 1 or 2 sessile or pedunculate pairs or sometimes

a fascicle like whorl of them at the upper nodes, forming a terminal

leafless and often bractless raceme or narrow raceme-like panicle,

glabrous in all parts, with the internode next below it peduncle-like

and 14-5 in. long; peduncles or branches of the panicle 0—} in,

796 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Tenaris

long, 2-flowered; bracts and bracteoles (when present) $-1 lin,

long; pedicels 2~44 lin. long, slender; sepals jl lin. long,

lanceolate, acute ; corolla-tube 2—3 lin. long, cup-like ; lobes erectly-

spreading, 34-5 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad at the tips, linear-

spathulate, very broadly rounded or subtruncate and subapiculate

at the apex, apparently somewhat replicate, densely covered with

minute papille on the lower half of the inner face, elsewhere smooth

and glabrous, pink, with the papille darker ; outer corona-lobes

arising } lin. up the staminal column, } lin. long, subquadrate or

subquadrate-ovate, notched at the apex, glabrous ; inner corona-

lobes } lin. long, narrowly linear or linear-subulate, obtuse, incum-

bent upon and shorter than the backs of the anthers ; young

follicles (mature not seen) linear-terete, glabrous. Decne in DO.

Prodr. viii. 606 ; Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 1, 223, and Thes. Cap.

i. 28, t. 43; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 12 ; xxi. Beibl.

54, 12, and Journ, Bot. 1897, 291 (eacl. the Transvaal plant).

Coast Reaion : Uitenhage Div. ; Addo, Drége, 2227! Bathurst Div. ; near the

Karega River, Zeyher! Trapps Valley, Miss Daly, 693! Albany Div. ; near

Grahamstown, Reade, 93! Hutton! MacOwan! Misses Daly and Sole, 438 ! Bolus,

Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 1322! common on sandy hills and flats, Mrs. Barber,

99! Miss Bowker! Prior (Alexander) !

2. T. simulans (N. E. Br.) ; stems solitary, 1-1} ft. high, simple,

glabrous ; leaves on the flowering part reduced to subulate or filiform

bracts 1-6 lin. long, those below 3-24 in. long, 4-1 lin, broad,

linear or linear-filiform, acute, erect or with spreading tips, glabrous ;

inflorescence terminal, with the internode below it 3-1} in. long,

glabrous in all parts, composed of 2-3 pedunculate umbel-like

fascicles of 3-7 flowers, opening successively ; peduncles t+} in.

long ; bracteoles 1-1} lin. long, subulate ; pedicels 2-2} lin. long ;

sepals 11-14 lin. long, filiform-subulate from a narrowly oblong

base ; corolla-tube 1-144 lin.- long, cup-like ; lobes erectly-spreading,

1 in. long, nearly 1 lin. broad near the apex, linear-spathulate,

rounded and subapiculate at the apex, apparently somewhat

replicate, thinly sprinkled with minute papillz on the lower half of

the inner face, elsewhere smooth and glabrous, apparently pale pink

with darker veins ; outer corona-lobes arising } lin. up the stam

column, nearly } lin. long, 2 lin. broad, subquadrate, emarginate to

deeply bifid ; inner corona-lobes }—} lin. long, linear-subulate, acute

or subobtuse, closely incumbent on the backs of the anthers and not

produced beyond them. 1’. rubella, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx.

song 51, 45, and Journ. Bot. 1897, 291, as to the Transvaal plant

only.

Katanart REGION ; Transvaal ; Elands Spruit Mountains, 6000 ft., Schlechter,

3858! near Botsabelo, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 4071.

Similar to 7. rubella, E, Meyer, but besides the widely different locality,

differs conspicuously in the less naked appearance of its inflorescence and longer

and much narrower sepals, the leaves are also narrower and the venation of the

narrower less papillate petals rather different,

Tenaris. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 797

3. T. chlorantha (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 44) ;

tuber and stem as in L. rubella, but usually 1-1} ft. high, sometimes

branched at the upper part and leafy from below the middle to the

apex ; leaves in 7-12 pairs, erect or ascending, the lower 2-3 in.

long, the upper shorter, }-3 lin. broad, linear-filiform or linear,

acute, glabrous ; flowers usually in fascicles of 3-7 at the 5-10

uppermost nodes ; peduncles 0-4 lin. long ; pedicels 34-7 lin. long,

very slender, glabrous; sepals }—} lin. long, lanceolate, acute,

glabrous ; corolla glabrous ; tube }—3 lin. long, campanulate ; lobes

24-3} lin. long, 4 lin. broad at the base, } lin. broad above, linear-

filiform, with recurved margins, acute, with a microscopic papillation

on the inner face, but not tuberculate; outer corona-lobes } lin.

long, subquadrate, notched at the apex, glabrous ; inner corona-

lobes 4 lin. long, subulate, acute or obtuse, applied to the backs of

the anthers and shorter than or subequalling them. Schlechter in

Journ. Bot. 1897, 291. Macropetalum Benthamii, K. Schum. in Engl.

and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 266.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Burke, 326! Zeyher, 1175!

ridge near Johannesberg, 6000 ft., Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 1458! Rand, 1121!

near Pretoria, 4900 ft., Schlechter, 4152! near Klein Olifants River, Schlechter,

3812, and near Botsabelo, Schlechter.

Dr. Schlechter has stated that the flowers are green, but Dr. Rand in Journ.

Bot. 1908, 340, writing about the living plant, states that the petals are ‘‘ brown-

purple in colour,” and all the dried specimens I have seen which distinctly show

any colour, have the inner surface of the corolla-lobes dark purple-brown.

Dr. Rand also states that the corona-lobes are “‘continued up over stylar head,

swollen and glandular at the tips,” but I do not find them so in his dried

specimen (1121), nor in any others that I have examined,

4. T. filifolia (N. E. Br.) tuber flattened, 1}-13 in. in diam. ;

stem solitary, 14-24 ft. high, slender, simple or sparingly branched

at the middle, #-1 lin. thick at the base, glabrous ; leaves erect or

ascending, in 10-20 or more pairs, from below the middle to the

apex of the stem, the lower 24-3} in. long, the others gradually

smaller, filiform, glabrous ; flowers in very slender glabrous racemes,

lateral at the nodes; lower racemes 3-4 in. long, occasionally

branched, with 1-3 flowers at each of the 3-6 nodes, the upper much

reduced ; bracts very minute; pedicels 2-3 (3-4, Schlechter) lin. long,

capillary, glabrous ; sepals 4-3 lin. long, lanceolate or ovate-lanceo-

late, acute, glabrous; corolla quite glabrous, apparently greenish

outside and purple-brown on the inner face of the lobes ; tube about

2 lin. long, cup-shaped ; lobes ascending-spreading, 4-4} lin. long,

filiform from a deltoid-ovate base ; outer corona of 5 very minute

prominent pouch-like lobes ; inner corona-lobes } lin. long, filiform,

closely incumbent on the backs of the anthers and produced beyond

them into connivent-erect tips, dark-coloured ; staminal column § lin.

long; follicles diverging, about 2} in. long, 1} lin. thick, linear-

terete, beaked, glabrous. Macropetalum filifolium, Schlechter in

Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 36, fig. 4.

798 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). | Tenaris.

Katanari REGiIon : Transvaal ; Komati Poort, Schlechter, 11733 !

In referring this plant to Macropetalum Dr. Schlechter appears to have mis-

understood its structure, since he figures its corona as cup-shaped with 5 erect

slightly incurving lobes, linear-subulate from a deltoid base, with the anthers

adnate to them, erect and quite free from the style-apex, which is quite unlike

any structure I have seen in any Asclepiad ; the pollen-masses are also inaccurately

represented. The corona is minute, and unless lightly pressed flowers are examined

the outer corona-pouches are easily overlooked. The whole coronal structure is

different from that of Macropetalum and agrees with that of Tenaris, whilst

specifically the plant is nearly allied to 7’. chlorantha.

XXXVIII. MACROPETALUM, Burchell.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla-tube exceedingly short ; lobes 5, linear-

filiform, reflexed straight back from their base, valvate in bud.

Corona small, of 5 simple lobes opposite the anthers, arising above

the base of the staminal column and adnate to it up to the base of

the anthers, free above. Staminal column arising from the base of

the corolla, small, and together with the corona, entirely exserted ;

anthers erect, applied to the lower part of the sides of the stout

style-apex, subquadrate or rather broader than long, tipped with a

membranous appendage. Pollen-masses minute, erect, solitary in

each anther-cell, with a pellucid linear area close to the apex,

attached in pairs to the very minute pollen-carriers by short slender

caudicles at their middle. Style truncate at the apex. Follicles

erect, slightly diverging, slender, smooth, Seeds not seen.

Perennial herb with tuberous rootstock ; stems slender, erect, simple or

branched above ; leaves opposite, filiform ; flowers small, with long corolla-lobes,

in fascicles of 2-4 at the nodes, 3

Disrris, Species 1, endemic,

Allied to Tenaris, but differing in its reflexed corolla, simple and exserted

corona, and in the very conspicuous anther-appendages.

1, M. Burchellii (Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 627); tuber sub-

globose, 14 in. or more in diam. ; stem 1-14 ft. high, simple or

sparingly branchad at the middle, }—? lin. thick, with some very

minute adpressed scattered hairs near the nodes; leaves 1-3 in.

long, 4-3 lin. thick, filiform, erect or ascending, glabrous ; flowers

usually in pairs (more rarely 3-4) at the nodes; pedicels 24-3 (in

fruit 5-6) lin, long, very slender, with a very minute adpressed

puberulence ; sepals 2 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, erect at the basal

and reflexed at the apical half, minutely puberulent ; corolla quite

glabrous, apparently green or yellowish-green; tube about } lin.

long ; lobes reflexed straight back from their base, 9-11 lin. long,

3 lin, broad at the linear base, tapering into filiform tails slightly

thickened at the apex; corona-lobes arising near the base of the

staminal column and much overtopping it, 3-1 lin, long, wholly

exserted from the corolla, erect, linear-lanceolate, acute, recurved or

Macropetalum.| ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 799

revolute at the tips, slightly recurved at the margins, the adnate

lower part prominent from the column, concave down the back or

with the margins somewhat recurved, very truncate at the base ;

staminal column about } lin. long ; anther-appendages deltoid or

ovate-lanceolate, acute, erect, shortly overtopping the truncate

style-apex ; follicles erect and slightly diverging, about 3 in. long

and 2 lin. thick, linear-fusiform, tapering into a slender beak,

smooth, glabrous. Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 2, 241 ; Schlechter in

Journ. Bot. 1897, 291.

Var. 8, grandiflora (N. E. Br.); sepals 4 lin. long, ovate, acute; corolla

sparsely and minutely puberulent on the outside like the pedicels, with lobes

14 in. long ; corona-lobes often with a minute tooth near the apex, apparently not

recurved at the tips ; otherwise exactly as in the type. :

Katanari Recion: Orange River Colony ; Sand River, Burke! Bechuanaland ;

near the sources of Kuruman River, Burchell, 2498! Var. 8: Transvaal ; near Warm

Baths, Tandler in Transvaal Herb. !

Also recorded from Tropical Africa (Rhodesia) by Dr. Rendle in Journ. Bot.

1905, 44, but I have not seen a specimen.

Burchell in a MS. note states that the Bechuanas call this plant ‘‘ Klokwe,”

and adds, ‘‘ These roots, being considered an article of food, were brought by a

Bachapin, of whom I purchased them.” According to Mr. Tandler the roots of

var. 8 are ‘*much eaten by the natives,” who call the plant ‘‘Seruch.”

Burchell’s specimens are nearly leafless at the flowering part, whilst the others

quoted bear leaves at nearly all the flowering nodes.

XXXIX. RIOCREUXIA, Decne.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla tubular, more or less inflated at the

base, straight, 5-lobed ; lobes linear, erect or incurved-erect, connate

at their tips, very slightly overlapping in bud, not strictly valvate.

Corona 2-3- (very rarely 1-) seriate, arising from the staminal

column ; outer corona-lobes 5, alternating with the anthers, either

minute and bifid or deeply divided, or conspicuous and radiating,

filiform, subulate, narrowly deltoid, ovate or subrectangular, free or

connate at the base, with or without a series of 5 pairs of teeth

alternating with them at their base ; inner corona-lobes 5, linear or

subulate and usually equalling or exceeding the anthers and incurved

over them, or shortly linear-oblong or minute and not reaching

beyond the base of the anthers, rarely obsolete. Staminal column

arising from or near the bottom of the corolla, very short and

together with the corona included in the inflated part of the corolla ;

anthers erect or ascending, oblong, tipped with a minute somewhat

fleshy appendage or apiculus. Pollen-masses erect, pellucid just

beneath the apex, solitary in each anther-cell, attached below their

middle by exceedingly short caudicles in pairs to the pollen-carriers.

Style not exceeding the anthers, truncate at the apex. ollicles

linear-terete or linear-fusiform, acuminate, more or less beaded from

constrictions between the seeds, smooth. Seeds crowned with a tuft

of hairs. \

800 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). | Riocreuxia.

Tuberous-rooted perennials with annual twining stems, often several feet in

length ; leaves opposite, herbaceous, cordate ; flowers of moderate size, in laxly

branching cymes, or in fascicles at the 2-3 nodes of simple peduncle-like flowering

axes (which are bent at the nodes), with or without another fascicle at their base,

or all compactly fasciculate at the nodes of the stem.

Distris. Species 8, two of them in Tropical Africa.

This genus is closely related to Ceropegia, differing chiefly in the character of its

inflorescence, for whilst some of the species have a different corona, in others it is

scarcely distinct from that of some species of Ceropegia. Some of the species

cannot be discriminated without dissecting the flowers.

Corolla marked with numerous longitudinal purple-

brown veins; outer corona-lobes broadly ovate,

connate into a sort of 5-lobed frill; inner corona-

lobes obsolete ... is ne i one .-. (1) picta.

Corolla not marked with purple-brown veins :

*Outer corona-lobes conspicuous, radiating :

Outer corona-lobes alternating with 5 pairs of minute

teeth at their base; inner corona-lobes rather

inconspicuous or minute :

Peduncles cymosely or subpaniculately branching ;

branches elongating and bearing two flowers

MOON NOES:: 4 i we es )

Peduncles simple, bent at the nodes, bearing

2-8 distant fascicles of 3 (rarely 2)-15 flowers (4) torulosa.

Outer corona-lobes without any alternating teeth ;

peduncles simple, bent at the nodes, bearing

2-3 distant fascicles of 5-24 (on weak in-

florescences fewer) flowers and usually another

fascicle at their base :

Inner corona-lobes not very conspicuous, only

reaching to the base of the anthers ... ... (4) torulosa, var. 8,

Inner corona-lobes conspicuous, linear or linear- .

subulate, nearly as long as the anthers ... (5) Woodii.

**Outer corona-lobes inconspicuous or minute, bifid or

divided into 2 minute teeth turned face to face,

without any alternating teeth at their base :

Flowers 1-3 together at the nodes of the branches of

laxly branched cymes 4-10 in. long ... ... (2) polyantha.

Flowers 5 to many together in fascicles at the stem- .

nodes or on peduncles up to $ in. long ... ... (6) Flanagan.

1, R. picta (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 24) ; stem

twining, usually glabrous, sometimes unifariously puberulous ; leaves

herbaceous or thinly subcoriaceous, glabrous on both sides or

minutely scaberulous along the borders ; petiole 3-2 in. long ; blade

1}-7 in. long, ?-5 in. broad, cordate-ovate, acuminate, peduncles or

axis of the cymes 1-4 in. long, bearing 2—3 distant (or occasion-

ally 1) umbel-like clusters of flowers, bent in a zigzag manner at the

nodes, glabrous ; pedicels 1-11 in. long, glabrous ; sepals 1-1} lin.

long, subulate, glabrous; corolla glabrous, striped with dark

brownish-red or purple-brown on a whitish or yellowish ground ;

tube 5-6 lin. long, somewhat globosely inflated at the base, the

inflation sometimes disappearing in dried flowers ; lobes connivent-—

Riocreuxia.| ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 801

erect, connate at the tips, 34—4 lin. long, oblong-lanceolate or linear-

lanceolate at the lower half, tapering into filiform tips ; outer corona-

lobes connate into a sort of 5-lobed frill, with the lobes about } lin.

long, broadly ovate, concave or perhaps laterally somewhat com-

pressed, acutely bifid or entire and acute ; inner corona-lobes none

or represented by 5 ridges connecting the base of the anthers with

the outer corona; follicles 34-4} in. long, 14-2} lin. thick, terete-

linear, shortly tapering at the base and at the apex into a long

acute beak, with constrictions between the seeds 2-24 lin. apart,

smooth, glabrous. Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 46, and

Journ. Bot. 1897, 295.

Katanarrt Recion: Transvaal ; margins of Makwonga Forest, near Barberton,

3200 ft., Galpin, 908! in bush near Barberton, Thorncroft, 60! and in Herb.

Wood, 4291! Houtbosch Berg, 6400 ft., Schlechter, 4423! Ingome Range,

Gerrard, 1322! between Pilgrims Rest and Sabie, Burtt Davy, 1580 !

2. R. polyantha (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1895, 272) ; rootstock

a cluster of numerous long narrow white tubers (Mrs. Barber) ;

stem twining, unifariously puberulous; leaves herbaceous, varying

from nearly glabrous to thinly puberulous on both sides ;. petiole

1-2 in. long; blade 1}-6 in. long, 3-5 in. broad, cordate-ovate,

acute or acuminate ; cymes (including the 14-4 in.-long peduncle)

4—6 (or rarely up to 10) in. long, unifariously puberulous along the

branches, otherwise glabrous in all parts, with 1-3 flowers at each

node of the branches ; pedicels 3-14 in. long ; sepals 1-1} lin. long,

subulate ; corolla-tube 5-7 lin. long, cylindric, not or but slightly

inflated at the base in dried flowers ; lobes connivent-erect, connate

at the tips, 4-6 lin. long, linear-attenuate ; outer corona of 5 pairs

of minute spreading teeth turned face to face or of 5 minute bifid

concave lobes not more than } lin. long, alternating with the inner

corona-lobes, which are }—} lin. long, filiform-subulate, incurved-

erect, applied to the backs of the anthers and longer or occasionally

slightly shorter than them. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 295.

R. Burchellii, K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 273.

R. torulosa, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 24.

Soutn Arrica : without locality, Zeyher, 1153 partly ! :

Coast Reaton: King Williamstown Div.; Gonubie Bridge, near Kei Road,

2000 ft., Flanagan, 2416! Albany Div. ; between Blaauw Krantz and Kowie

Poort, Burchell, 2668! Queenstown Div.; banks of the Zwartkei River,

Mrs. Barber, 3! banks of Komani River, 3500 ft., Galpin, 2249! near Shiloh,

Baur, 854!

CENTRAL Recion: Aliwal North Div.; Elands Hoek near Aliwal North,

4550 ft., Bolus, 301! (10501! 10522!). Hopetown Div. ; by the Orange River,

Burchell, 2652! .

Katanart Recion: Griqualand West; by the Vaal River, Bowker, 17!

Warrenton, Miss Adams, 18! Orange River Colony; Khenoster River, Burke!

Transvaal ; Crocodile River, Burke, 113! Zeyher, 113! Elands River, Rehmann,

4896! Umlomati Valley, Galpin, 1280 ! Modderfontein, Conrath, 1010!

EAstERN REGION: Transkei; near Tsomo, Mrs. Barber, 893! Bowker! near

the Bashee River, Schlechter, 6291! Griqualand East; banks of the Umzimhlava

River, near Kokstad, 4250 ft., T'yson, 1726! Natal, Cooper, 2718 partly !

The flowers are stated to be white by some collectors, by others yellow.

Woodia mucronata was also distributed as 2718 by Cooper.

VOL. IV.—SECT. I.—PART V. 3 F

802 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Riocreuara.

3. R. Bolusii (N. E. Br.) ; stem twining, pubescent all round ;

leaves herbaceous, thinly sprinkled with minute adpressed hairs

above, puberulous or pubescent beneath; petiole 4-14 in. long;

blade 13-32 in. long, 1-3} in. broad or perhaps larger, broadly

cordate-ovate, acute or acuminate ; cymes racemosely or dichoto-

mously branched, and (including the }—1} in.-long peduncle) 2—4 in.

long, more or less puberulous on the branches and upper part of the

2-1 in.-long pedicels ; flowers in pairs racemosely scattered along the

short or gradually elongating branches of the cyme ; sepals 1} lin.

long, subulate or lanceolate-subulate, puberulous ; corolla-tube 37-9 in.

long, probably slightly ovoid-inflated at the base, but the inflation

almost obliterated in dried specimens, glabrous, apparently pale

yellowish ; lobes connivent-erect and connate at the tips, 3—4 lin.

long, attenuate-linear, glabrous, apparently slightly darker than the

tube; outer corona-lobes about } lin. long, narrowly deltoid or

subulate-lanceolate, acute or bifid, concave-channelled down the

face, with a minute tooth on each side at the base; inner corona-

lobes oblong or linear-oblong, obtuse, adpressed to the backs of the

anthers and about half as long as them.

Eastern Recion: Tembuland; on the banks of the Umtata River near

Umtata, 2200 ft., Bolus, 10194 !

In its broad leaves and more cyme-like character of its inflorescence this —

resembles R. polyantha, but the leaves are rather thinner and the corona entirely

different, being more like that of R. torulosa.

4. R. torulosa (Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 640); stem twiming,

pubescent nearly or quite all round ; leaves herbaceous, somewhat

adpressed-pubescent on both sides, often more densely so beneath ;

petiole 4-24 in. long ; blade 14-5 in. long, 3-3} in. broad, elongated

cordate-ovate or more rarely broadly cordate-ovate, acuminate ;

peduncles 1-3 at each stem-node, slender, 1-3} in. long, bent at me

nodes, pubescent, bearing 2-3 distant umbel-like fascicles vaded

only 1 fascicle) of 2-15 flowers, with or without an additiona

fascicle sessile at the node; pedicels }-1} in. long, glabrous ie

pubescent throughout, or minutely pubescent on the apical part or

glabrous below ; sepals about 1 lin. long, lanceolate, acumina! “4

pubescent ; corolla glabrous, pale yellow, more or less tinged wit t

red or purplish ; tube 34-5 lin. long, globose or ovoid-inflated a

the base ; lobes connivent-erect, connate at the tips, 244 lin. long,

linear-attenuate ; outer corona of 5 subulate or filiform and entire

or linear-subulate and bifid lobes, horizontally radiating high above

the base of the staminal column, yellowish or purple, alternating

with 5 pairs of minute or elongated teeth (sometimes nearly oF

quite obsolete) placed just below or forming one series with them ;

inner corona-lobes closely pressed against the staminal column,

minute, reaching to about the base of the anthers, thin, oblong,

obtuse ; staminal column about 1 lin. long ; follicles subparallel or

curved, 3-7 in. long, } in. thick, linear-terete, with constrictions

Riocreuwia.] ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 803

between the seeds 1-5 lin. long, tapering into a slender beak at the

apex, smooth, glabrous or rarely pubescent ; seeds 34-44 lin. long,

} lin. broad, linear or linear-lanceolate, concave on one side, glabrous,

dark brown. Delessert, Ic. Pl. v. 38, t. 91; Saund. Ref. Bot. iii.

t. 157; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 12; Journ. Bot.

1897, 295, and in Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xviii. 398, not

elsewhere. Ceropegia torulosa, E. Meyer, Comm. 194; Dietr. Syn.

Pl. ii. 891, not of Haworth.

Var. 8, tomentosa (N. E. Br.); leaves more or less tomentose or very densely

pubescent beneath with longer hairs than in the type ; outer corona-lobes subulate

or filiform, rather long and the pairs of teeth alternating with them usually well

developed.

vx y, longidens (N. E. Br.); leaves very broadly cordate-ovate ; outer

corona-lobes filiform, very (2 lin.) long, with the alternating pairs of teeth nearly

or quite obsolete ; otherwise as in the type.

' Var. 5, obsoleta (N. E. Br.) ; leaves narrowly deltoid-lanceolate to ovate, acute,

cordate with a broad shallow open sinus at the base, thinly and minutely

puberulous above, nearly or quite glabrous beneath ; outer corona-lobes narrowly

deltoid-subulate, minutely notched at the apex, channelled down the face, without

any trace of teeth alternating with them.

Souru Arrica : without locality, Zeyher, 1153 partly !

Coast REGIon : in George district, Bowie! Knysna Div. ; near the Keurbooms

River, Burchell, 5154! Humansdorp Div.; Kromme River Valley, Bolus, 2401!

Uitenhage or Alexandria Div. ; between Hoffmans Kloof and Driefontein, Drége,

2270! Albany Div., Bowker! Fort Beaufort Div. ; Cooper, 1758 ! Stockenstrom

Div. ; Kat Berg, 1000 ft., Bowker ! near Kachu (Yellowwood) River, Drége, 4944 !

Eastern Frontier, MacOwan, 434! Kaffraria ; Evelyn Valley, 4000 ft., Sim, 1645!

and without precise locality, Cooper, 298 !

Katanart Recion: Transvaal, Rehmann, 5876! Var. 8: Basutoland, Cooper,

2719 partly ! Orange River Colony ; Harrismith, Sankey, 316! Var. y: Transvaal ;

slopes of Marovunye near Shiluvane, Junod, 724! Var. 5; Transvaal; by the

Crocodile River (probably near Pretoria), Miss Leendertz, 708 !

Eastern Recion: Transkei; around Kentani, 900 ft., Miss Pegler, 877! near

Idutywa, Schlechter, 6269 ! and without precise locality, Bowker, 209! Tembuland ;

near the Chwerka River, Bolus, 10195! Engcobo Mountain, Bolus, 10196 !

near Umtata, Bolus, 10197! Natal; near Durban, Drége! Plant, 73! Wood in

MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr., 1732! Inanda, McKen, 3! Wood, 512! Nonoti

River, Gerrard, 643! and without precise locality, Gueinzius! Gerrard, 150!

Var. 8: Transkei; Fort Bowker, Bowker, 572! Natal ; Greenwich Farm, Riet

Vlei, Galpin, 5724! South Downs, 5000 ft., Wood, 4392! Lynedock, Wood,

4540! Weston, Rehmann, 7353! near Van Reenens Pass, Wood, 4539 !

The corona of this plant either varies considerably or more than one species is

here included, but from dried material I am unable to discriminate more than the

forms indicated. Dr. Bolus’ specimens 10195, 10196, 10197, have a rather more

inflated corolla, which dries of a more reddish tint than usual, but otherwise seem

the same as the other specimens quoted. The genus requires to be studied from

living specimens. Asclepias peltigera, Schlechter, has also been distributed by

Cooper as no, 2719.

5. R. Woodii (N. E. Br.) ; stem twining, unifariously puberulous ;

leaves herbaceous, very thinly and shortly pubescent on both sides ;

eng 4-1 in. long; blade 14-2} in. long, $—1 in. broad at the

, or perhaps larger, rather narrowly elongated deltoid-cordate or

cordate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate ; peduncle mired stout,

804 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). | Riocrewana.

1-23 in. long, bearing 2 distant umbels, with or without a third

one at its base, puberulous along one side ; umbels 8-24-flowered,

somewhat flat-topped ; pedicels 5-9 lin. long, glabrous, all more or

less incurved ; sepals 1-1} lin. long, subulate or subulate-lanceolate,

glabrous ; corolla-tube 33-4 lin. long, globose-inflated at the base,

glabrous, apparently pale yellowish or whitish ; lobes connivent-

erect, 34-4 lin. long, attenuate-linear, glabrous, drying dark brown ;

outer corona-lobes radiately spreading, } lin. long, } lin. broad at

the base, narrowly deltoid or deltoid-ovate, obtuse, subtruncate or

minutely notched at the apex, concave-channelled down the face,

without any teeth alternating with them ; inner corona-lobes linear

or linear-subulate, acute or obtuse, nearly as long as the anthers

and closely applied to their backs.

Eastern Recton: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 338! and in Herb. Natal, 181!

A species of Scilla has also been distributed by Mr, Wood as no, 181.

6. R. Flanagani (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 13);

stem twining, bifariously puberulous ; leaves thinly subcoriaceous,

thinly sprinkled with minute hairs on both sides or nearly glabrous

above ; petiole 4-1} in. long; blade 1-3} in. long, 3-24 in. broad,

-cordate-ovate, acuminate; flower-fascicles umbel-like, j-1 in. In

diam., compactly many-flowered, sessile or pedunculate ; peduncle

0-2 in. long, bearing only 1 flower-fascicle ; bracts subulate ;

pedicels 14-24 lin. long, glabrous ; sepals 14-1} lin. long, lanceolate,

glabrous ; corolla-tube 24 lin. long, subcylindric, perhaps slightly

contracted at the mouth, glabrous, apparently whitish or pale

yellowish ; lobes spreading at the base, then arched inwards and

connate at the tips, 3 lin. long, linear-filiform, replicate ? apparently

orange or dull yellowish at the base and purple-brown above ; outer

corona-lobes minute, } lin. long, deeply divided into 2 deltoid teeth

turned face to face, yellow ; inner corona-lobes } lin. long, subulate

or linear, incumbent on the backs of the anthers and much exceed-

ing them, with their tips crossing one another or perhaps connivent,

yellow. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 295.

Coast Region: Bathurst Div. ; Trapps Valley, Miss Daly, 629! Komgha Div. ;

valleys near Komgha, 2000 ft., Flanagan, 381! East London Div. ; hillside

beyond the lighthouse at East London, Wood in Herb. Galpin, 2821!

Eastern Recron: Transkei ; valleys around Kentani, Miss Pegler, 214 !

A specimen collected by Bowie ‘‘in moist thickets of George and the Knysna

Forest ” appears to belong to this species, but the outer corona-lobes are subquadrate

and only bifid at the apex, not deeply divided.

XL. CEROPEGIA, Linn.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla tubular, usually more or less inflated at

the base, straight or curved, 5-lobed ; lobes free or variably connate

at their tips into a canopy or cage-like top, valvate in bud. Corona

double, never 3-seriate ; outer corona cup-shaped and entire or 5-10-

toothed, or of 5 bifid lobes often pouch-like at the base or reduced

Ceropegia. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 805

to minute pouches, or the lobes divided to the base and the halves

adnate to the adjacent sides of the inner corona-lobes, the whole

corona then apparently formed of 1 series of 5 trifid lobes opposite

the anthers, or the halves or teeth of 2 adjacent lobes connate and

forming 5 lobes immediately behind the inner corona-lobes, which

are shorter to longer than the anthers and incumbent upon them,

at least at the base, dorsally adnate at their base to the outer

corona. Staminal column arising at or close to the base of the corolla,

very short ; anthers ascending or incumbent on the top of the style,

oblong or subquadrate, without an appendage. Pollen-mnasses ascend-

ing or subhorizontal, solitary in each anther-cell, pellucid on the

inner margin, attached in pairs by very short caudicles to the pollen-

carriers or subsessile upon them. Style not exceeding the anthers,

truncate or shortly conical at the apex. Follicles lanceolate, very

narrowly fusiform or subterete, acutely acuminate or obtuse, smooth

or rugose. Seeds crowned with a tuft of hairs.

Perennial herbs ; rootstock a tuber or cluster of thick fleshy roots, or rarely

with ordinary stout root-fibres ; stems erect, twining or rambling among other

plants, prostrate or pendulous, herbaceous or fleshy ; leaves opposite or rarely

absent ; flowers usually of moderate size or large, of singular and varied forms,

solitary, in pairs, umbel-like cymes or rarely racemose, lateral at the nodes, rarely

terminal.

Distris. Species over 160, the others in Tropical Africa, the Mascarene Isles,

Malay Archipelago and the hotter parts of Asia. In Tropical Africa the natives

eat the tubers of several species, but I do not know if they do so in South Africa,

The description of the basal inflation of the corolla-tube in most cases only applies

to dried flowers and may not at all agree with that part in the living plant, as it

alters very much and sometimes totally disappears (as in C. ampliata, E. Meyer) in

the process of drying. The hairs within the corolla-tube are often quite invisible

on dried flowers that have been wetted for examination, unless the open tube is

doubled back in water and the edge of the fold viewed against the light, or until

all moisture has evaporated from them and been replaced by air. This is also the

case with the pubescence on the corona,

* Corolla-lobes free at the tips :

Stem strictly erect, 3-13 ft. high, not fleshy :

Leaves linear, 4-34 lin, broad : :

Corolla-lobes drooping (erect in some dried

specimens), linear-oblong, or narrowly lan-

ceolate-oblong, narrowed into a short stalk at

the base : ‘ “

Corolla-tube 3— in. long ; lobes greenish-yellow

without spot. sc, sc. cas oes LY ead,

Corolla-tube 1-14 in. long ; lobes with two rows

of glabrous blackish spots on a pubescent

green ground... ae nee «.. (2) sororia.

Corolla-lobes erect or somewhat spreading, repli-

cate- or linear-filiform or filiform :

Corolla-lobes 3-1} in. long, puberulous or

tomentose on the inner face, with a tuft of

red hairs near the base :

Corolla smooth on the outside of the inflated

base ; lobes slightly thickened upwards (3) tomentosa.

Corolla papillate-scabrous on the outside of

the inflated base ; lobes not thickened :

upwards ... ie HES oe -.. (4) scabrifiora,

806 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Ceropegia.

Corolla-lobes 2 in. long, filiform, thickened and

knob-like at the apex, glabrous except at

the base oe ies a" on oe

Leaves elliptic-oblong or oblong, }-1 in. broad ;

corolla-lobes linear, replicate, pubescent on the

inner face ... ous H :

(5) antennifera.

(6) Rudatisii.

Stem not erect, thick and fleshy, tapering at the flower-

ing tips, leafless ; corolla 2-3 in. long (7) stapeliceformis.

** Corolla-lobes free at the base, then connate into a

slender column, again becoming free and connate at .

the tips, forming a small terminal cage-like body ... (8) Haygarthii.

*** Corolla-lobes united into an umbrella-like canopy

supported on 5 short stalks over the mouth of the

tube; stems twining or scrambling among other plants,

or in 9 C. Rendallii, sometimes short and erect :

Stem slender, 4-3 lin. thick ; corolla less than 1 in. :

long ... 5 ape ie .. (9) Rendallii.

Stem rather fleshy, 4 in. or more(when dried about

1 lin.) thick ; corolla 2 in. or more long:

Leaves 4-2 in. long, 4-1 in. broad ; corolla-tube

oblong-inflated at the base; outer corona

truncate or nearly so:

Corolla-canopy with the centre depressed below the

level of the margin, light yellowish-green, :

spotted with darker green es ... (10) Sandersoni.

Corolla-canopy convex or broadly conical, with the

centre raised above the margin, mottled with :

green and purple-brown on a whitish ground (11) Monteiroe.

Leaves very small or rudimentary, #-3 lin. long ;

corolla-tube globose-inflated at the base ; outer M

corona of 5 pairs of filiform hooked teeth ... (12) fimbriata.

**** Corolla-lobes connate at the tips only, often form-

ing a cage-like top to the flower:

Stems erect, 2-5 in. high or under cultivation much

longer and requiring support :

Corolla-lobes 8-9 lin. long, as long as or longer than

the tube, ciliate at the base =. sss ese (83) Barklyi.

Corolla-lobes 34 lin. long, much shorter than the =

tube, not ciliate ... Loe .. (34) Conrathii.

Stems twining or straggling among other plants, rarely

straight and prostrate or pendulous :

Stem fleshy, leafless or with rudimentary leaves less

eee oe

than } in. long :

Corolla-tube 1-2 in. long, more than twice as long :

as the lobes, glabrous outside sae .-. (13) ampliata.

Corolla-tube scarcely 3 in. long, not much longer .

than the lobes, puberulous outside ... ... (14) Zeyheri.

Stem slender or fleshy, with well developed leaves

3-4 in. long, 4-1} in. broad:

+ Corolla-tube puberulous outside, 9-10 lin. long :

Leaves very undulate or lobulate - undulate,

pubescent ; corolla-lobes 5-6 lin. ‘long,

glabrous on the inner face... «. —-. (27) undulata.

Ceropegia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 807

Leaves not undulate; corolla-lobes thinly

pubescent or tomentose-villous on the inner

face :

Leaves glabrous, minutely ciliate; pedicels

13-12 lin. long; corolla-lobes 33 lin.

long nee abe see des ... (28) obseura,

Leaves puberulous ; pedicels 3-4 lin. long;

corolla-lobes 24 lin. long aes --» (29) pachystelma.

tt Corolla-tube glabrous outside :

Corolla-lobes in living flowers spreading at the

base with the upper half abruptly or sub-

horizontally inflexed over the mouth of the

tube, in 30, C. Meyeri, sometimes con-

nivent-erect in dried flowers :

Leaves herbaceous, cordate-ovate, entire,

toothed or lobed, pubescent ; corolla 14-

12 in. long ; lobes linear... eg -.. (30) Meyeri.

Leaves fleshy, linear-subterete or elliptic,

glabrous; corolla 3-2 in. long; lobes

hair-like at the apical half ee --- (31) multiflora.

Corolla-lobes not spreading at the base, falcately

or incurved-connivent, connivent-erect and

straight or erect and curved so as to form

an ellipsoid cage-like top ;

} Corolla-lobes much shorter than the tube :

Corolla-tube 1-1} in. long ; lobes 4-4 in.

long :

taeien subsessile, linear or linear-lanceo-

late, very thick and fleshy, not un-

dulate on the margins wei --- (15) crassifolia,

Leaves shortly petiolate, flat, lanceolate,

undulate-crisped at the margins ... (16) crispata.

Corolla-tube 14-2 in. long ; lobes 3-1} in.

long ; stem prostrate, not twining ... (17) radicans.

Corolla-tube 5-9 lin. long:

§ Corolla-lobes 24-4 lin. long:

Corolla-lobes lanceolate, pilose on the

outer and inner surfaces; inner

corona-lobes scarcely exceeding the

outer corona oe ae --- (18) brachyceras.

Corolla-lobes glabrous on the back,

often ciliate on the margins or

with hairs on the inner face or on

both; inner corona-lobes much

exceeding the outer corona:

Corolla-lobes falcately or incurved-

connivent, tapering to the apex :

Leaves 1-34 in. long, elliptic or

oblong-lanceolate to linear-

lanceolate... sat +». (19) setifera.

Leaves }-1 in. long, ovate or

lanceolate ... ve ... (20) carnosa,

Corolla-lobes connivent-erect, straight

or curved so as to form an

ellipsoid cage-like top :

808 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Ceropegia.

Corolla-lobes distinctly enlarged

at the tips, linear-spathulate,

ciliate to the tips:

Stem slender, very flexible, pen-

dulous or prostrate, often

bearing tubers ; leaves as

broad as or broader than

long, white-veined ..- (21) Woodii.

Stem twining or straight and

pendulous or prostrate, not

bearing tubers ; leaves often

longer than broad, not

white-veined Mies ... (22) Caffrorum.

Corolla-lobes not enlarged at the

tips, narrowly linear:

Corolla-lobes glabrous or with

only a few hairs at the base

of the keel on the inner face ;

inner corona-lobes tri-

quetrous-filiform ... ... (28) assimilis.

Corolla -lobes covered on the

inner face and ciliate with

purple hairs ; inner corona-

lobes much compressed

: laterally, broadly falcate ... (24) africana.

§§ Corolla-lobes 2 lin. long or less, dilated

at the apex ; stemtwining. (If the

lobes are connate at the tips in 36,

C. leptocarpa, it should belong here,

its corolla is 7 lin. long with thinly

ciliate lobes) :

Leaves lanceolate or lanceolate-oblong,

23-4 lin. broad ; corolla-tube about

4 in. long ... see wae ... (25) euryacme.

Leaves ovate or deltoid-ovate, 3-9 lin. :

broad ; corolla-tube 3-3 in. long (26) tenuis. _

tt Corolla-lobes not much shorter to longer than

the tube, very narrowly linear or linear-

filiform :

Leaves }-? lin. broad, 10-30 times as long sep

as broad ; corolla-lobes 7-10 lin. long (32) ——

, ormis.

Leaves 1-5 lin. broad, 3-9 times as long :

as broad ; corolla-lobes 8-9 lin. long... (33) Barklyi.

1. C. Bowkeri (Harv. Thes. Cap. i. 9, t. 14) ; rootstock a cluster

ot stout fusiform fleshy roots (not a tuber as originally described) ;

stems 4-1 ft. (or more?) high, erect, simple, glabrous ; leaves erect

or ascending, the lower 14-23 in. long, 3-14 lin. broad, the upper

smaller, linear, acute, glabrous; flowers 1-5, solitary at the upper

nodes and terminal, distant ; pedicels 4—? in. long, glabrous ; sepals

24-4 lin. long, subulate ; corolla-tube erect, 3—} in. long, globose-

inflated and } in. in diam. at the base, contracted to } in. in diam.

above, and dilated to } in. across the short funnel-shaped mouth,

which has recurved bilobulate margins between the lobes, glabrous

Ceropegia. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 809

outside and within, pale greenish, with the margin of the mouth,

the veins in the throat and some markings at the top outside all

dark violet-brown ; lobes free, regularly or irregularly pendulous

around the tube (not erect as originally figured), #-Z in. long, 14—2

lin. broad, linear-oblong, shortly acute, narrowed into a short stalk

at the base, flat, with a row of large pits or depressions on each

side of the midrib, light greenish yellow, glabrous on the back,

shortly pubescent on the inner face and ciliate with yellow hairs ;

outer corona arising } lin. up the staminal column, with 5 erect

acutely bifid ovate lobes 1 lin. long, pouch-like at the base, rather

densely villous on the inner face and ciliate with long fine hairs ;

inner corona-lobes about 1} lin. long, narrowly linear, obtuse, con-

nivent-erect over and much overtopping the staminal column. Harv.

in Nat. Hist. Rev. vi. 515, t. 27; Bot. Mag. t. 5407; K. Schum. in

Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 272, fig. 80, C ; Schlechier in

Journ. Bot. 1897, 294.

Eastern Reaion: Transkei ; Kreilis Country, Bowker, 12! Caffraria, Bowker !

2. C. sororia (Harv. ex Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 5578) ; rootstock

a cluster of thick fleshy spindle-shaped roots ; stem 1-1} ft. high,

erect, simple or with 1 branch, glabrous ; leaves 1}—5} in. long,

$—31 lin. broad, linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate, acute, slightly

folded lengthwise, glabrous ; flowers solitary at the upper nodes ;

pedicels usually 5-10 lin. long, or up to 2} lin. long on cultivated

plants, glabrous ; sepals 2-3 lin. long, subulate, glabrous ; corolla-

tube 1-1} in. long, }-} in. in diam. at the elongated-ovoid inflated

base, tapering into the cylindric upper part, which is about } in. in

diam., scarcely dilating at the 2—2} lin. wide mouth, glabrous outside

and within, greenish-yellow at the base, densely dotted or suffused

with violet on the other part or sometimes dotted all over ; lobes

free, pendulous on the living plant, but on dried specimens often

erectly spreading, straight, 3—} in. long, } in. broad, linear-oblong

or narrowly lanceolate-oblong, acute, tapering into a short stalk at

the base, somewhat replicate, blackish or purple-black, with a broad

densely pubescent greyish-white line down the middle, giving off

transverse bars on each side, according to the appearance of dried

flowers and a note by Mr. Galpin, but according to the figure with

2 rows of black spots on a green ground, densely ciliate with purple

or purple and yellowish hairs; outer corona overtopping the

staminal column, shortly cupular at the base, with 5 pairs of erect

narrowly deltoid-lanceolate teeth 3 lin. long, villous-pubescent with

rather long white hairs outside and on the inner face of the teeth,

pale yellowish, with a few dark purple spots ; inner corona-lobes

about 1} lin. long, linear-lanceolate, obtuse, connivent-erect over the

staminal column, glabrous, pale yellowish ; follicles solitary (always ?),

about 2 in. long and 2 lin. thick, narrowly fusiform, tapering into

an acute beak, glabrous, smooth ; seeds 14 lin. long, j lin. broad,

ovate, very pointed, concave on one side, very convex on the other,

810 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). | Ceropegia.

rugose on both sides, dark brown. K. Schum. in Engl. and Praunil,

Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 272 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 294.

Coast REGION: Queenstown Div. ; Lesseyton Nek, near Queenstown, Galpin,

1966 ! Bathurst or Albany Div. ; hills on the east side of Bushmans River, Ecklon

and Zeyher !

EasteRN Recion: Transkei, Mrs. Barber, 15! Bowker! and cultivated

specimen !

The dense ciliation on the corolla-lobes is badly represented in the figure

quoted.

8. C. tomentosa (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 33) ;

stem 1 ft. or more? high, glabrous; leaves ascending, 24-33 in.

long, 4-14 lin. broad, linear, acute, glabrous ; flowers solitary at the

upper nodes, erect ; pedicels 3-5 lin. long, slender, glabrous ; sepals

4-1 in. long, subulate, glabrous ; corolla-tube (dried) 3— in. long,

with an obovoid basal inflation 2} lin. in diam., abruptly contracted

into the 1-1} lin. in diam. cylindric part, and dilating to 3 lin. in

diam. at the shortly funnel-shaped mouth, where the margin

angularly projects between the lobes like 5 small pockets, glabrous

and smooth outside and within, pale greenish or yellowish-green,

with darker veins on the inflated part and dotted with purple-

brown along the veins on the other part ; lobes free, erect, slightly

diverging at the tips, 1-1} in. long, linear from a deltoid base,

replicate, at least in the lower half; yellowish-green, densely

tomentose with short curled or interwoven yellow hairs on the inner

face, and ciliate for the space of about # lin. with dense tufts of

stout subclavate red hairs, about 2 lin. above the base; outer

corona 4 in. long, and not exceeding the staminal column, very

shortly cupular at the base, with 5 erect deeply bifid lobes or pairs

of deltoid-lanceolate acute teeth } lin. long, bearded at the tips on

the inner face with long white hairs ; inner corona-lobes 1 lin. long,

linear or subspathulate-linear, connivent-erect, dorsally connec

with the outer corona at the base and forming a small tubercle

between the outer corona-lobes, glabrous, apparently purple-brown

on the basal half and where united to the outer corona, elsewhere

the Dia: corona is white or yellowish. Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1897, 294.

Eastern Recon: Transkei; near Butterworth, Bowker! Bashee Ridge, near

Fort Bowker, Bowker, 372! Mrs. Barber, 372!

4. C. scabriflora (N. E. Br.) ; rootstock a cluster of thick fleshy

fusiform roots 2-3} in. long; stem solitary, erect, simple or with

1 branch at the top, about 1 ft. high, scarcely 1 lin. thick, glabrous ;

leaves in 6-7 pairs, suberect, 1-2 in. long, }-1 lin. broad, linear,

acute, with recurved margins, glabrous; flowers 1 or 2 to a stem,

solitary, lateral at a subterminal node and terminal, erect ; pedicels

4-1 in. long, minutely pubescent or subglabrous ; sepals 23-3 lin.

long, lanceolate-subulate, glabrous; corolla-tube {-1 in. long,

Ceropegia. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 811

globose-inflated and 1-} in. in diam. at the densely papillate-

scabrous base, abruptly contracted into the } in. in diam. smooth

cylindric upper part, about 2-24 lin. in diam. at the mouth,

glabrous outside and within, but papillate within the inflated part,

yellowish-green, apparently veined with purplish at the mouth ;

lobes free, spreading, 3-1} in. long, narrowly linear or replicate-

filiform from a short deltoid 1-1} lin.-broad base, pubescent with

very fine purple hairs on the inner face and adorned with a tuft of

stout clavate ruby-purple hairs near the base ; outer corona arising

about } lin. up and overtopping the staminal column, | lin. long,

shortly cupular at the base, with 5 broad deltoid acute (but at the

same time bifid with short contiguous teeth), lobes 2 lin. long,

resembling in side view a funnel-shaped 5-lobed cup, ciliate and

minutely pubescent inside, blackish-purple; inner corona-lobes

{-1 lin. long, linear or slightly spathulate-linear, incumbent on the

backs of the anthers at the base, then connivent-erect in a column,

dorsally connected to the outer corona and thinly pubescent at the

base, glabrous above, blackish-purple.

Eastern ReEGIon: Natal ; near Verulam, 800 ft.; Wood, 7908 !

5. C. antennifera (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 46) ;

tuber depressed-globose, 1 in. or more in diam. ; stem solitary,

erect, 5-6 in. (or more?) high, 2 lin. thick, simple, glabrous ; leaves

in 5-6 pairs, erect, the lower very small, the upper 3-1} in. long,

3~} lin. broad, linear-filiform, acute, glabrous ; flowers solitary,

lateral at the 1-2 upper nodes, and terminal, erect, much over-

topping the stem; pedicels i-14 in. long, glabrous; sepals } in.

long, subulate, very acute, glabrous; corolla-tube 14 in. long,

slightly inflated and about 2 lin. in diam. at the base, cylindric

and 1 lin. in diam. above, becoming 1} lin. in diam. at the mouth,

glabrous and striped with purple-brown and white outside, pilose

with fine purple hairs within; lobes free, 2-2} in. long, erectly

spreading, resembling the antenne of a butterfly, } lin. broad and

bearded with purple hairs on the inner face of the linear-lanceolate

base, filiform and glabrous above, with the tips dilated into a small

knob, slightly notched at the apex and grooved on each side of a

prominent keel on the inner face; “ corona blackish-violet, outer

lobes truncate at the apex with the margin on each side produced

into a short acute tooth, ciliate; inner lobes erect, linear, acute,

with the apex reflexed, much overtopping the outer lobes” (ex

Schlechter), Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 295.

Eastern Rxeion ; Natal ; near Newcastle, 4100 ft., Schlechter, 3426 !

Of this I have only seen a part of the type in the Herbarium of Dr. Bolus, from

which the corona had been removed for description.

6. C. Rudatisii (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xl. 94) ; rootstock a

tuber (Wood) ; stem solitary, simple, erect, 5-6 (about 20, Schlechter)

in. high, 2 lin. thick at the base, glabrous (glaucescent, Schlechter) ;

812 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Ceropegia.

leaves sessile or subpetiolate, 14 (13-23, Schlechter) in. long,

3 (to rather more than 1, Schlechter) in. broad, oblong or elliptic-

oblong, obtuse or subacute, apiculate, subcoriaceous or perhaps

slightly fleshy, glabrous on both sides (glaucescent, Schlechter) ;

flowers lateral at the nodes, apparently solitary, erect ; pedicels }

(14-24, Schlechter) in. long, longer in fruit, glabrous ; sepals 5-7 lin.

long, 4 lin. broad, linear, acute, erect, glabrous ; corolla-tube 1-14

in. long, ovoid-inflated, and probably about 34 (23, Schlechter) lin.

in diam. at the base, cylindric and 14 lin. in diam. above, gradually

enlarging to 3} lin. across the mouth, glabrous outside and within,

slightly subtuberculate along the veins in the inflated part, green,

with the veins inside at the base dark purple-brown ; lobes free,

suberect (spreading, Schlechter), {-14 in. long, about 1 lin. broad

at the base, linear, acute, apparently replicate, glabrous on the

back, pubescent with fine greenish-yellow hairs all over the inner

face, and ciliate with long clavate yellow-based purple hairs for

about } in. at the base, a short row of the same hairs extending

down the middle of the very base of the lobe, green, reticulately

veined with dark purple-brown at the base and mouth of the tube ;

outer corona arising } lin. up the staminal column and much over-

topping it, shortly cupular at the base, with 5 erect deeply bifid

lobes 1 lin, long, having parallel subulate teeth, dark purple-brown,

ciliate with long fine white hairs and pubescent on the inner face ;

inner corona-lobes 1) lin. long, connivent-erect, linear, acute,

exceeding the outer corona and dorsally connected to it at the base,

glabrous, dark purple-brown; follicle solitary (always ), erect,

7 in. long, about } in. thick, linear-terete, very slightly tapering

to the obtuse apex, but distinctly so at the base ; seeds } in. long;

2 lin. broad, linear-oblong, broadly margined, flattened, smooth,

glabrous, dark brown with paler borders.

Eastern Recion: Natal ; Hillcrest, 2000 ft., Haygarth in Herb. Wood, 9099 !

near Fairfield in Alexandra County, 2000 ft., Rudatis, 203 (ex Schlechter).

With the exception of the few words in brackets, the above description is entirely

made from Mr. Haygarth’s specimen, which so closely agrees with Dr. Schlechter's

description, that I have little doubt that the few discrepancies are merely due to a

difference of vigour in the two specimens.

7. C. stapelieformis (Haw. in Phil. Mag. 1827, 121) ; stems and

branches fleshy, up to 4 in. thick, cylindric, tuberculate, jointed,

decumbent or trailing, often tapering towards the flowering ends,

which become rather slender and sometimes twine around other plants,

glabrous, dull green, with darker mottling, often tinged with purplish ;

leaves rudimentary, seated on the tubercles, }-1} lin. long, cordate-

ovate or deltoid, acute, with minute globular stipules at their base,

glabrous ; cymes usually scattered along the tapering slender ends of

the branches, pedunculate, successively developing 1 to several flowers ;

peduncles 1-9 lin. long, glabrous ; pedicels 3-5 lin. long, glabrous ;

sepals about 2 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, glabrous ; corolla-

tube 1}-13 in. long, ovoid-inflated and } in. in diam. at the base,

Ceropegia. | ASCLEPIADEA! (Brown). 813

tapering into the cylindric } in. in diam. part above, and dilated

to 2-% in. across the funnel-shaped mouth, glabrous outside,

pubescent inside at the mouth and basal part with white curly

hairs, pale greenish-white, spotted with violet at the base and

upper part; lobes free, recurved-spreading, #-1} in. long, linear

from a deltoid base, acute, replicate, pubescent on the lower part

of the inner surface, white, with the margins and apical part violet-

purple or dark purple-brown ; outer corona about 1 lin. high and

slightly exceeding the staminal column, cup-like with 5 pairs of

short erect acute teeth, pubescent inside and ciliate all round the

margin with rather long hairs, alternately marked with broad

yellow and dark purple-brown stripes ; inner corona-lobes 1} lin.

(or more?) long, incumbent on the backs of the anthers at the base,

then connivent into an erect column with shortly recurved tips,

dorsally connected to the outer corona at the base, glabrous, yellow,

with a dark purple-brown stripe down the middle of the basal part.

Bot. Mag. t. 3567 ; Maund, Bot. iv. t. 154; @. Don, Gen. Syst. iv.

112; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 890 ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 643; Fl. des

Serres, ii. June, t. 4; Rev. Hort. 1869, 25, fig. 6, and 1901, 109, fig.

37 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 294. C. stapeliiformis, K. Schum.

in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 270, fig. 80, D.

SourH Arrica; without locality, Thunberg !

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div. ; among shrubs on the banks of the Zwartkops

River, Zeyher, 36! Albany Div. ; by the Fish River, Bowker! Fort Beaufort

Div. ; banks of the Koonap River, Mrs. Barber, 85! King Williamstown Div. ;

near King Williamstown, Barkly !

CentRaL REGION: Somerset Div. ; Bruintjes Hoogte, MacOwan! Cradock

Div. ; near Cradock, Cooper, 492! Graaff Reinet Div. ; Magazine Hill, near Graaff

Reinet, 2700 ft., Bolus, 422 !

Described from living plants.

8. C. Haygarthii (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 46, fig. 7A);

stem climbing, fleshy, 14—2 lin. thick, glabrous ; leaves small, fleshy,

flat, }-2 in. long, 1-} in. broad (see note below), ovate or ovate-

lanceolate, acuminate ; cymes 1-2-flowered, lateral at the nodes ;

peduncles 3-14 in. long, glabrous ; bracts 1-2 lin. long, subulate ;

pedicels 5-7 lin. long, glabrous; sepals 5lin. (24 lin., Schlechter)

long, subulate, glabrous ; corolla abruptly bent at a right-angle near

the base ; tube (following the bend) about 1} in. long according to a

drawing, or about 1 in. long in dried flowers, globosely inflated at

the base, cylindric above, enlarging according to a drawing to about

3 in. in diam. at the mouth, pinkish-white or greenish tinted, spotted

with violaceous, glabrous outside, pilose with very fine long hairs

within ; lobes free at the base, abruptly inflexed over the mouth of

the tube and produced beneath into broad triangular partition-like

green plates or keels, meeting at the centre and connate into a

slender erect column 5-7 lin. long, then again becoming free and ex-

panding into elliptic-lanceolate replicate segments connate at the tips,

forming a small apical ellipsoid cage-like body 24-3 lin. long, ciliate

814 ASCLEPIADEE (Brown). [ Ceropegia.

on the margins, dull purple or purple-brown ; corona in the flowers

seen much eaten by insects, but apparently the outer corona is

cupular, with 5 acutely bifid lobes rising to the level of the top of

the staminal column, ciliate and hairy within with long fine hairs ;

inner corona-lobes 1 lin. long, linear or linear-spathulate, connivent-

erect over the staminal column, with very revolute tips.

Coast Recion: Stockenstrom Div. ; Maasdorp, in forest, Scully, 196!

Eastern Recon: Natal; without precise locality, McKen! Sanderson ! also

flower from a plant cultivated at Cape Town, Barkly !

In the Kew Herbarium is a copy of a drawing made by Mr. Sanderson (from

which drawing the figure published by Dr. Schlechter would seem originally to

have been also copied) in which the leaves are represented as subsessile, and as

described above, but in another drawing of this species at Kew they are repre-

sented as very distinctly petiolate. Dr. Schlechter described from the drawing

only, but the Kew Herbarium contains a few loose leaves sent with a flower by

McKen, which are as follows :—petiole 2-3 lin. long ; blade #1} in. long, + in.

broad, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate to a very acute point, slightly subcordate at

the rounded base, glabrous on both sides ; the largest leaf with Scully’s specimen is

about 1 in. long and 3 in. broad, broadly ovate, and the peduncles are 2-4-flowered,

but it otherwise seems the same species.

9. C. Rendallii (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 100) ; stem

twining, or occasionally not more than 9-4 in. high and then erect,

slender, glabrous ; leaves somewhat fleshy, glabrous or with a few

scattered short hairs on both sides and with or without a short

ciliation ; petiole 1-2 lin. long ; blade }~1 in. long and 4—} in. broad

when ovate, 1-1} in. long and 13-3 lin. broad when linear or

linear-oblong. obtuse and apiculate or acute ; peduncles 1—3-flowered,

1-3 in. long, glabrous ; pedicels 1-2} lin. long, glabrous ; sepals

3-1} lin. long, subulate, glabrous ; corolla-tube }—3 in. long, curved,

globosely inflated and 14-1} lin. in diam. at the base, contracted to

2 lin. in diam. above and dilated to 23-3 lin. in diam. at the

funnel-shaped mouth, glabrous outside, thinly pilose with long fine

hairs within, apparently dark purple at the base, but perhaps only

inside, whitish above ; lobes very slender and claw-like at the erect

basal half, inflexed, dilated and all united above into an umbrella-

like canopy } in. in diam., raised 24-3 lin. above the mouth of the

tube, with 10 rounded marginal lobes, which, together with the

claws, are shortly ciliate, but the hairs are easily detached, app

rently dark purple or green ; outer corona 3 lin. long, equalling the

-staminal column, cup-like, apparently 5-angled, truncate or rising

into very short deltoid lobes at the angles, glabrous ; inner corona-

lobes } lin. long, erect, much overtopping the staminal column,

laterally much flattened and about } lin. broad, broadly recurved-

falcate, obtuse, dorsally connected at the base to the outer corona

and seeming to form part of it, apparently scarcely incumbent on

the backs of the anthers, glabrous. ©. Galpinii, Schlechter in Engl.

orth xviii, Beibl. 45, 23; xx. Beibl. 51, 47, and Journ. Bot. 1897,

Ceropegia. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 815

Katauart Recion: Transvaal ; hills at Reimers Creek, near Barberton, Galpin,

1251, Barberton, Miss Stainbank ! near Lydenburg, Schlechter, 3936 ! and without

precise locality, Rendall !

My original description of the corona of this plant is entirely wrong, owing to

the specimen examined having been very much crushed. The colour of the corona

is probably white, but becomes stained with the purple of the corolla when the

flower is placed in boiling water for dissection. Dr. Schlechter describes the ovate

leaves as being $-13 in. long and 3-1} in. broad, I have not seen them so large.

10. C. Sandersoni (Decne ex Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 5792);

‘roots tuberous similar to those of a Dahlia” (Gerrard); stem

twining, 14-2 lin. thick, fleshy, glabrous, slightly rough to the

touch ; leaves fleshy, glabrous ; petiole 1-3 lin. long, stout ; blade

2-13 in. long, 4-1 in. broad, ovate-lanceolate to broadly cordate-

ovate, acute or shortly cuspidate-acute, light green ; cymes with

2-4 flowers, developed singly, glabrous ; peduncles 2-5 lin. long,

14~2 lin. thick ; pedicels 3-5 lin. long, nearly or quite } in. thick,

becoming stouter in fruit; sepals 3-34 lin. long, 1 lin. broad,

narrowly oblong, acute, longitudinally folded, glabrous ; corolla-tube

curved, 14-2 in. long, with an oblong inflation } in. in diam. at the

base, narrowed above and enlarged to 3 or # in. in diam. at the

funnel-shaped mouth, glabrous with the exception of a few hairs at

the very base inside ; striped with green and white on the upper

part outside and within, light green on the inflation outside, dull

greyish- or purplish-green within, with numerous ribs, which

abruptly terminate at the base of the purple contracted part ; lobes

united into a flattish 5-keeled umbrella-like canopy 1{-1} in. in

diam., supported on 5 short claws, with 5 broad obtuse slightly

bifid marginal much arched lobes, ciliate with vibratile white hairs,

its centre distinctly depressed, with a 6-pointed tubercle above

and a 5-ribbed projection beneath, yellowish-green, spotted with

light green above and with brighter green underneath, with

the ribbed projection beneath and some spots around it blackish-

purple ; outer corona } lin. long, cup-shaped, not pentagonal,

truncate, entire, whitish, with the margin and at its junction with

the inner corona-lobes purple-brown, ciliate with white hairs ; inner

corona-lobes 14 lin. long, incumbent on the backs of the anthers,

with erect filiform tips, recurved at the apex, dorsally connected to

the outer corona at the base, glabrous, white ; follicles horizontally

diverging, 3-54 in. long, 34-33 lin. thick, terete, tapering from

about the middle to a slightly dilated umbonate apex about 2 lin. in

diam., irregularly rugose and tuberculate, glabrous, green, stained

with dull purplish. Gard. Chron. 1870, 173, fig. 29; Baill. Dict.

Bot. t. 10; Rev. Hort. 1901, 111, fig. 39. ©. Sandersoniw, Hook.

in Bot. Mag. under t. 6927. ©. Sandersonii, K. Schum. in. Engl.

and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 273, fig. 80, B; Graebener in

Monatssch. f. Kakt. x. 71 and 73, with fig.; N. E. Br. in. Gard.

Chron. 1906, xl. 383, fig. 145; C. fimbriata, Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1897, 294, not of Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 13, nor of E. Meyer.

816 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Ceropegia.

Eastern Recon: Natal ; Tugela, Gerrard, 1798! McKen! and without precise

locality, Sanderson ! Sutherland | and cultivated specimens !

Described from living plants. In Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 18, and in

Journ. Bot. 1897, 294 C. Sandersoni is referred by Dr. Schlechter to C. fimbriata,

E. Meyer, but the two species are totally different in foliage and floral structures,

and it is evident from the localities quoted that he intended the name to apply to

C. Sandersoni only.

11. C. Monteiroz (Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 6927) ; stem twining,

14-1} lin. thick, fleshy, glabrous, slightly rough to the touch ; leaves

distant, shortly petiolate, }-2 in. long, 41-10 lin. broad, ovate or

ovate-lanceolate, acute, rounded or subcordate at the base, fleshy,

glabrous ; cymes shortly pedunculate or subsessile, 1—-2-flowered ;

pedicels 3-4} lin. long, 1 lin. thick, becoming 2 lin. thick when in

fruit, fleshy, glabrous ; sepals 3—4 lin. long, 4-3 lin. broad, linear,

acute, longitudinally folded, glabrous ; corolla resembling that of

C. Sandersoni ; tube 13-2 in. long, slightly curved, with a basal

oblong inflation slightly constricted at the middle and } in. in diam.,

narrowed above, then dilated into a broad funnel-shaped mouth

3_] in. in diam., glabrous outside and within except in the inflation,

which is rugosely ribbed throughout and pubescent with spreading

hairs on the basal half, green at the base, striped with green and

white on the upper part ; lobes united into an umbrella-like convex

canopy 14-1} in. in diam., supported on 5 short claws, with 5 obtusely

bifid somewhat flattened (not arched nor strongly keeled) marginal

lobes, ciliate with long vibratile purple hairs, its centre raisi

above the margin, with a 6-pointed tubercle above and a 5-ribbed

projection beneath, glabrous above and beneath, mottled with green

and purplish-brown above and with bright green beneath on a

whitish ground, the projecting centre being purple-black ; outer

corona } lin. long, cup-shaped, pentagonal, with slightly projecting

entire angles, yellow, marked with purple-brown where united to

the inner corona-lobes and at the angles, ciliate with white hairs ;

inner corona-lobes 2 lin. long, incumbent on the backs of the anthers,

with erect filiform tips, revolute at the apex, dorsally connected to

the outer corona at the base, glabrous, yellowish ; follicles widely

diverging, 34-4 in. long, about 5 lin. thick, subterete, slightly

tapering to a thick truncate apex, which is emarginate on the inner

side, irregularly rugose and tuberculate, glabrous, greet, stain

and speckled with dull purplish. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 294.

Eastern RecIon: Delagoa Bay, Mrs. Monteiro, cultivated specimens !

Described from a living plant. 0. Monteirow may be distinguished from the

closely allied C. Sandersoni, by the convex (not depressed-flattish and 5-keeled)

top of the flower, and the flattish-roofed (not arched) openings between the wens’

The figure in the Botanical Magazine was drawn from immature flowers, whie

become much larger than there represented.

_ 12. G. fimbriata (E. Meyer, Comm. 194); stem twining, fleshy,

glabrous ; leaves minute or small, {-3 lin. long, $—} lin. broad,

lanceolate, acute, glabrous ; flowers solitary at the nodes ; peduncle

Ceropegia. | ASCLEPIADEA: (Brown). 817

0 or exceedingly short ; pedicel about } in. long, moderately stout,

glabrous ; sepals 2-24 lin. long, } lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate,

glabrous ; corolla-tube 14 in. or more long, apparently curved at

about the middle, globose-inflated and } in. in diam. at the base,

cylindric and } in. in diam. above, funnel-shaped in the upper part

and about 4 in. in diam. at the mouth, glabrous outside and within,

but densely tuberculate on the inside of the inflated part ; lobes

connate into a shortly conical umbrella-like canopy about } in. long,

supported on 5 short broad claws with their margins inrolled,

scarcely keeled down the middle of the dilated part, margin of the

canopy 10-crenate, fringed with long vibratile clavate purple hairs,

otherwise glabrous ; outer corona-lobes 1-1} lin. long, very deeply

divided into 2 linear-filiform subparallel segments, incurved-hooked

at the tips; inner corona-lobes about 1} lin. long, slightly over-

topping the outer corona, linear-subulate, connivent-erect. Dietr.

Syn. Pl. ii. 891; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 645 ; Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 13, exel. synonym.

Coast Reaion: Peddie Div. ; on dry stony hills near the Fish River not far

from Trumpeters Drift, 600 ft., Drége, 4948!

The colour of the flowers is not determinable from the only dried specimen

(the type) seen. Dr. Schlechter has mistaken C. Sandersoni, Decne, for this

species, but the two are totally different.

13. C. ampliata (E. Meyer, Comm. 194) ; stem succulent, twining

or scrambling, leafless at the time of flowering, glabrous ; leaves

only seen at the young tips of the stems, soon deciduous, minute,

1-14 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, glabrous ; flowers 2-4 together at

the nodes, successively developed ; pedicels 3-7 lin. long, glabrous ;

sepals 12—2} lin. long, lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ; corolla-tube

in dried specimens 1-2 in. long, 4-6 lin. in diam., cylindric and

slightly or not at all inflated at the base, but on the living plant,

according to a drawing, 2 in. long, globosely and somewhat lobulate-

inflated and about 1 in. in diam. at the base, cylindric and } in. in

diam. above, not dilated at the apex, pale green, with a narrow

purple transverse band at the top of the inflation inside, glabrous

outside, covered inside with long simple hairs, longer and more

matted at the purple band and above than in the lower part ;

lobes 4-6 lin. long, 24-3 lin. broad at the base, lanceolate from a

deltoid base, acute, erectly connivent and connate at the tips,

replicate or with reflexed margins, glabrous on both sides and not

ciliate, green, spotted with darker green, becoming olive-brown when

dried, probably with a velvety sheen on the inner surface ; outer

corona cup-shaped, equally 10-toothed ; teeth 3—} lin. long, narrowly

deltoid, acute, hairy on the inner surface ; inner corona-lobes 2-24

lin. long, very slenderly filiform, connivent-erect, dorsally-connected

by vertical plates to the outer corona at the base. Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii.

891; Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 645; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb.

xviii. Beibl. 45, 12; xx. Beibl. 51, 49; xxi. Beibl. 54, 13, and Journ.

Bot. 1897, 294.

VOL. IV.—SECT. I.—PART V. 3.6

818 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Ceropegia.

Coast Rrcion: Peddie Div. ; hills near Trumpeters Drift, 600 ft., Drége,

4949! Fort Beaufort Div.? Koonap Heights, MacOwan, 794! Komgha Div. ;

near Komgha, 2000 ft., Flanagan, .385!

Eastern Recron: Natal; in the ‘‘Thorns” near Tugela River, McKen, 4!

Gerrard, 1824! and without precise locality, Sanderson !

E. Meyer describes the corolla-lobes as being ‘‘ subciliate,” I do not find them

so in his type specimen. The Natal specimens have much larger flowers than

those from the other localities, but appear to be otherwise the same. The

inflation of the corolla seems to disappear in the process of drying. Schlechter

records it from the Transvaal, but I have not seen a specimen from there.

14. C. Zeyheri (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 48); stem

twining, branching, fleshy, glabrous, with the leaves reduced to

ovate acute spreading scales ; cymes lateral at the nodes, peduncu-

late, 2~-3-flowered; peduncle fleshy, 24-5 lin. long, glabrous ;

pedicels 2-3 lin. long, glabrous ; sepals about 2 lin. long, lanceolate,

acuminate, glabrous; corolla erect, about 14 in. long; tube sub-

globosely inflated and 3 lin. in diam. at the base, narrowed and

subcylindric above, puberulous outside, verrucose-spotted at the

base and glabrous within; lobes connate at the tips, about } in.

long, narrowly linear, dilated at the apex, puberulous except at the

apex ; outer corona-lobes connate into a cup at the base, deeply

bifid, with linear obtuse segments, glabrous; inner corona-lobes

shortly exceeding the outer corona, erect, linear, with spathulately

dilated obtuse tips, glabrous.

i Ser or Centrat Reaion: Div.? Karoo by the Groote (Gamtoos) River,

eyner. .

Dr. Schlechter has suppposed the Groote River to be synonymous with the

Vaal River, and has stated that the habitat is in the Transvaal, but this I believe

to be an error.

15. C. crassifolia (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1895, 273) ; stem

twining, apparently growing from a few inches up to 2 ft. high,

fleshy and as much as } in. thick at the base, tapering upwards,

glabrous ; lower leaves 2-4 in. long, the upper smaller, thick and

fleshy, subsessile, 2-4} lin. broad, linear or linear-lanceolate, acute,

channelled down the face, glabrous; cymes lateral at the upper

nodes, pedunculate, about 3-5-flowered, glabrous in all parts

except inside the corolla; peduncle 2-4 lin. long, stout; pedicels

2-3 lin. long; sepals 2-2} lin. long, lanceolate-attenuate ; corolla

of dried flowers 11-1] in. long ; tube 1-1} in. long, straight, with

an ellipsoid or subobovoid inflation }-} in. in diam. at the. base,

contracted to 2-24 lin. in diam. above and. gradually dilated into @

funnel-shaped mouth 4—5 lin. in diam., glabrous and whitish with

dark purple-brown spots and lines outside, inside pilose with long

fine curly hairs from the top of the inflated part to the mouth ;

lobes 4-6 lin. long, connivent-erect, connate at the tips, narrowly

lanceolate, replicate and 1}-2 lin. broad viewed sideways, glabrous

and whitish spotted with purple on the back, the inner face closely

Ceropegia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 819

reticulated with dark purple-brown on a cream-coloured or yellowish

ground, or in dried flowers often appearing entirely purple-brown,

sparsely covered with long purple hairs on the basal part and ciliate

with them on the keel to the middle or beyond ; outer corona cup-

shaped #-1} lin. deep, with 5 large erect lobes, }—} lin. long and

3-1 lin. broad, truncate, very broadly rounded or notched at the

top, glabrous ; inner corona-lobes }—} lin. long, linear, connivent,

shortly exceeding the anthers, but scarcely rising to the level of the

outer corona, and dorsally connected at the base to the latter by

vertical partitions, glabrous.

Sout Arrica: without locality, specimen cultivated in Cape Town Botanic

Garden !

Coast Reeion: Uitenhage Div. ; in dry stony places, Zeyher! ‘‘ Korotra Hill,

Uitenhage,” Prior! King Williamstown Div. ; near King Williamstown, 1500 ft.,

Sim, 312! Div. ? Chaka River, a tributary of the Fish River, Mrs. Barber !

EasTeRN Reaion : Natal ; Springvale, Miss Button in Herb, Sanderson, 2003 !

I describe the colour of the flowers from a drawing at Kew of the Natal

specimen by Mr. Sanderson.

16. C. crispata (N. E. Br.) ; rootstock a cluster of fleshy spindle-

shaped roots ; stem solitary, climbing, glabrous; leaves (only one

seen) fleshy, flat ; petiole 2 lin. (or more?) long; blade 14 in. long,

4 in. broad or larger, lanceolate, acute, cuneate at the base, wavy at

the scabrous-denticulate margins, glabrous on both sides; cymes

lateral at the nodes, 4-5-flowered ; peduncle } in. long in the only

example seen, glabrous; bracts 1-2 lin. long, subulate; pedicels

about 2 lin. long, glabrous ; sepals about 2 lin. long, lanceolate-

subulate, glabrous ; corolla-tube 1-1} in. long, somewhat abruptly

bent above the ellipsoid-inflated base (which in the larger of

2 flowers is 7 lin. long and 5 lin. broad), cylindric and 14-2 lin. in

diam. above, enlarging to 4—5 lin. in diam. at the mouth, glabrous

and whitish marked with elongated violet spots outside, inside

covered with long white hairs except in the inflated part ; lobes

5-6 lin. long, erect, connate at the tips, replicate, 11-1? lin. broad

across the side, oblong when flattened out, apparently blackish-

purple or perhaps veined with that colour on a paler ground,

fringed on the margins and keel and covered on the inner face of

the basal half with long simple purple hairs; outer corona cupular

at the base, 5-lobed, glabrous ; lobes } lin. long, oblong, deeply bifid,

concave, rising to or above the level of the staminal column ; inner

corona-lobes about } lin. long, linear, acute, incumbent on the backs

of the anthers and shortly produced beyond them, dorsally con-

nected at the base with the outer corona, glabrous.

Kavanari Reaion: Orange River Colony or Griqualand West ; near the Vaal

River, very rare, Mrs. Barber, 675!

17. C. radicans (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 12);

stems prostrate, creeping, with fibrous roots at the nodes, fleshy,

% in. or more (about 1 lin. when dried) thick ; leaves thick, fleshy,

3a 2

820 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Ceropegua.

glabrous ; petiole 2—4 lin. long ; blade 2-1? in. long, $—14 in. broad,

ovate, elliptic or orbicular, acute or obtuse and apiculate, cuneate,

rounded or subcordate at the base ; peduncles obsolete or up to 4 in.

long, 1 lin. thick, 1—-2-flowered; bracts minute ; pedicels 4-1 in.

long, } lin. thick, glabrous; sepals 1-4 in. long, linear-subulate,

glabrous ; corolla-tube curved (often straight in dried specimens),

14-2 in. long, cylindrically or oblong-inflated for 4-3 in. and

24-3 lin. in diameter at the base, 1-14 lin. in diam. above and

dilated to } in. or more in diam. at the funnel-shaped mouth, out-

side glabrous, pale greenish below, whitish above, dotted or spotted

with dark purple, inside pilose with white hairs at the base and

upper part, glabrous elsewhere ; lobes 3-1} in. long, connivent-erect,

connate at the tips, linear from a 4~5 lin.-broad (when flattened

out) deltoid base, closely replicate so as to form pocket-like

openings between them, keeled down the inner face, purple-brown

crossed by a broad transverse white band at the base, above passing

into bright green or first into blackish-green and then to bright

green, thinly hairy on the inner face below and ciliate to nearly half-

way up with fine soft spreading hairs, glabrous above, but ciliate with

long vibratile clavate purple hairs ; outer corona } lin. long, shorter

than the staminal column, obtusely pentagonal or 5-lobed seen from

above, pale yellowish-green ; lobes pouch-like, shortly bifid, truncate

or broadly rounded, glabrous ; inner corona-lobes 1} lin. long, sub-

linear or linear-spathulate, acute or obtuse, incumbent on the backs

of the anthers at the base, then erect in a column, glabrous, pale

yellowish-green. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 294.

Coast Recion : Komgha Div. ; prostrate under bush near Kei Bridge, 2000 ft.,

Flanagan, 384! and cultivated specimen |

Described from a living plant cultivated at Kew.

18. C. brachyceras (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 45) ; stem

twining, slightly fleshy, glabrous; leaves spreading or erectly-

spreading, subsessile, slightly fleshy, 2-23 in. long, }-1 in. broad,

lanceolate-elliptic, lanceolate-oblong or sometimes ovate-lanceolate,

acuminate, glabrous; cymes lateral at the nodes, pedunculate, few-

flowered ; peduncle about 24 lin. long, glabrous ; pedicels about as

long as the peduncle, glabrous; sepals scarcely more than % 1.

long, lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ; corolla-tube about % In. long,

subglobosely inflated and about } in. in diam. at the base,

subeylindric above, glabrous outside, puberulous within ; lobes

4 in. long, connate at the tips, lanceolate, pilose on both sides,

more or less undulate on the margins; outer corona shortly

cupular, with 5 subquadrate lobes slightly bifid at the apex,

glabrous ; inner corona-lobes linear, acute, scarcely exceeding the

outer corona, :

KataHart Rxoion: Bechuanaland; near Maritzani, Duparquet 432 (ex

Schlechter).

Ceropegia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 821

19. C. setifera (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 48); stem

several ft. long, twining, thinly and minutely pubescent along one side

or glabrous ; leaves herbaceous ; petiole 3-10 lin. long, minutely

pubescent in the channel only ; blade 1-34 in. long, 3-1? in. broad,

elliptic or elliptic-oblong, or the smaller sometimes lanceolate,

acuminate, acute, or ohtuse and apiculate, rounded or subcordate at

the base, sometimes faintly sinuous at the margins, thinly pube-

rulous (or glabrous, see note below) on both sides, very minutely

adpressed-ciliate ; peduncles lateral at the nodes, slender, ultimately

1-1? in. long, glabrous, racemosely 2—4-noded, with 2 flowers at a

node, developing successively ; pedicels }-} in. long, glabrous ; sepals

1}-14 lin. long, lanceolate, acuminate, very slightly pubescent ;

corolla-tube slightly curved, 3 in. long, slightly ovoid-inflated and

2-2} lin. in diam. at the base, which gradually narrows into the

s in. in diam. cylindric part above, enlarging to about din. in diam.

at the mouth, glabrous outside, pilose within to the base with very

fine hairs, invisible when wetted, apparently dark purple-brown or

perhaps spotted with that colour at the base, shading into greenish

above; lobes 24-3 lin. long, connivent or incurved-connivent,

connate at the tips, deltoid-lanceolate, deltoid-ovate, or oblong-

ovate, tapering to the apex, replicate, 4—} lin. broad across the

side, ciliate with long pale purple or white hairs along the fold or

keel of the inner face, otherwise glabrous and apparently greenish

or yellowish, with slightly darker edges ; outer corona very shortly

cupular at the base rising behind the inner corona-lobes into

5 cuneately subquadrate lobes } lin. long, with the shoulders pro-

duced into 2 widely spreading deltoid or deltoid-linear acute or

obtuse teeth at the top, ciliate and hairy on the inner face with

long white hairs ; inner corona-lobes 14-1} lin. long, triquetrous-

subulate or compressed linear-falcate acute (or obtuse in Schlechter,

4543, see note below), connivent-erect, with falcately recurving or

diverging tips, dorsally connected at the base with the outer corona,

glabrous, dark purple-brown. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 295;

N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 457.

. Var. £, natalensis (N. E. Br.); petiole 2-8 lin. long, puberulous all round ;

blade 1-34 in. long, 4-14 in. broad, linear-lanceolate, lanceolate or oblong-

lanceolate, acute or obtusely pointed and apiculate, rounded or rarely subcordate

at the base, puberulous on both sides; peduncles ultimately 3-2 in. long,

racemosely 3-6-noded ; pedicels 4-1 in. long; sepals about 1 lin. long; corolla

“‘ green with brown markings” (Wood); tube about 3 in. long; inner corona-

lobes 3-1 lin. long ; follicles very widely divergent or slightly reflexed, 34-3 in.

long and about % in. thick, linear-terete, tapering into a slender beak, smooth,

glabrous, marked with short violaceous lines on a pale ground.

Katanari Reqion: Transvaal ; second water between og dm and Sibthorps,

Burtt Davy, 1619! Masetana Valley, near Shiluvane, /unod, 1021! near

Barberton, Thorncroft (cultivated specimen in Herb. Wood, 10289)! :

Eastern Recion: Var. 8: Natal; in thorny bush near the Tugela River,

Gerrard, 1825! Umbhloti River, Wood, 1318! near Durban, Wood, 8261!

This species is closely allied to C. carnosa, E. Meyer, but readily distinguished

by its much larger leaves, it was originally collected by Dr. Schlechter in Tropical

822 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Ceropegia.

Transvaal, and of the two specimens he quotes, I have only seen his 4543 from

Valdezia, which, although named by himself, does not agree with his description,

as the leaves are not ‘‘sparsely pilose” but glabrous on both sides, and on the

lobes of the outer corona (which are described as ‘‘ deeply bifid at the apex, with

the lanceolate lobules divaricate-falcate setaceous-acuminate ”’) I can find no trace

of a setaceous point ; they are exactly as described above for the Transvaal

specimens, with which it is evidently conspecific, although differing from those

quoted in its glabrous leaves and more compressed and therefore broader inner

corona-lobes, all other characters being the same, and similar variations occur in

other species. The variety natalensis may prove to be a distinct species, its

narrower leaves giving it a different appearance, but a comparison of the living

plants is needed to decide this point.

20. C. carnosa (E. Meyer, Comm. 193) ; stem twining, glabrous ;

leaves thick and fleshy (thin, when dried), glabrous ; petiole 4-1 in.

long ; blade }—1 in. long, }—1 in. broad, lanceolate or ovate, rarely

elliptic or rounded, usually acute or acuminate, or, in the rounded

forms, obtuse or emarginate, rounded at the base; cymes peduncu-

late, lateral at the nodes, with 2-5 successively developed flowers ;

peduncle 1-2 in. long, below the often elongated flowering part,

glabrous ; pedicels 1-4 in. long, glabrous or with here and there a

hair ; sepals 14-13 lin. long, }-3 lin. broad, subulate, glabrous or

with a few scattered hairs ; corolla-tube about 7 lin. long, curved

above the (slightly in the dried state) inflated base, cylindric and

14-1} lin. in diam. above, widening to about 3} lin. in diam. at the

mouth, or in some dried specimens apparently only slightly broader

at the mouth, glabrous outside, hairy at the base and upper part,

but glabrous at the middle part within ; lobes 24-3 lin. long, 1} lin.

broad at the base, oblong-ovate, replicate, connivent or incurved-

connivent, tapering to and connate at the tips, finely ciliate with |

white hairs (not easily seen in some dried specimens) on the upper

part ; outer corona of 10 teeth }—4 lin. long, adnate in pairs to the

base of the inner corona-lobes, subhorizontally divergent and curved

towards the teeth of other pairs so that the tips of 2 adjacent teeth

nearly or quite meet, leaving a large opening below them, revealing

the fissure between the anther-wings, hairy on the inner face ; inner

corona-lobes 1—1} lin. long, compressed or filiform-subulate, con-

nivent at the base, then erect, with recurved slightly thickened

tips, glabrous or more or less hairy at the base, apparently white.

Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 891; Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 645 ; Schlechter

Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 12 and 23; xxi. Beibl. 54, 13, and

Journ. Bot. 1897, 294.

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div. ; near the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 654! near

Uitenhage, Schlechter, 2494! Bathurst Div.; between Kowie hiver and Kap

River, Drege, 4946! between Bushmans River and Karega River, Zeyher, 841!

3389 ! by the Kowie River, Atherstone! Albany Div. ; near Blauw Krantz, Mrs.

Barber, 13! Komgha Div. ; near Komgha, 2000 ft., Flanagan, 1037 ! near Ket

Bridge, 1800 ft., Flanagan, 1037 !

CENTRAL REGION: Somerset Div.; at the foot of Bosch Berg, 2000 ft.,

MacOwan, 924!

Eastern Recion: Transkei; Fort Bowker, Bowker, 545! Natal; Inanda,

Wood, 869! Haygarth in Herb. Wood, 7535! Zululand, Wood, 10288 !

Ceropegia. | ASCLEPIADE# (Brown). 823

21. C. Woodii (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 34);

tuber subglobose, producing many slender pendent, prostrate or

trailing glabrous stems 1—2 ft. long, which often bear small tubers

and root at the nodes ; leaves fleshy ; petiole 14-4} lin. long ; blade

$-2 in. long and as much in breadth, broadly ovate to orbicular,

acute, or obtuse and apiculate, cordate at the base, glabrous on both

sides, dark green with whitish veins; peduncles lateral at the

nodes, 24—7 lin. long, slender, glabrous, 1—4- (usually 2-) flowered ;

bracts minute; pedicels 1—} in. long, slender, glabrous; sepals

3-1 lin. long, narrowly lanceolate, acuminate; corolla-tube very

slightly curved, 7-9 (or when dried 6—7) lin. long, globosely inflated

(or rarely the top of the inflation is pushed inwards or intruded),

and about 2} lin. in diam. at the base, cylindric and 1-1} lin. in

diam. above, enlarging to 2 lin. in diam. at the mouth, glabrous

outside and nearly so within, pink or with darker lines on the basal

part ; lobes 3-3) lin. long, connivent-erect, connate at the tips,

narrowly spathulate from a deltoid base, replicate, blackish-purple,

ciliate with long simple purple hairs and with similar hairs on the

basal part of the inner face; outer corona of 5 small truncate

pocket-like lobes } lin. long, alternating with the inner corona-lobes,

shorter than the staminal column, glabrous, white ; inner corona-

lobes 1-1} lin. long, subspathulate-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate,

acute, connivent over the staminal column at the base, then erect,

with recurved tips, dorsally adnate at the base to the outer corona,

white, glabrous ; follicles diverging, 2-2? in. long, } in. thick, linear-

terete, with a slender beak, smooth, glabrous ; seeds 24-2} lin. long,

narrowly oblong from being longitudinally folded, rather broadly

margined, smooth, glabrous, brown. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897,

295; N. E. Br. in Bot. Mag. t. 7704; Gartenfl. 1901, t. 1486;

Wood and Evans, Natal Plants, iv. t. 357; Roth in Monatssch.

Kakt. xiii. 27. 0. Woodi, Mast. in Gard. Chron. 1897, xxii. 357-8,

Jig. 104, and 1905, xxxvii. 244, fig. 103.

Eastern Recron : Natal ; hanging from rocks on the Groen Berg, 2000 ft.,

Wood, 1317 ; Noods Berg, 2000-3000 ft., Wood, and cultivated specimens !

Described from living plants cultivated at Kew and Cambridge. There are two

forms of this plant ; in one the corolla-lobes are erect and connivent at the connate

tips only ; in another form they close together near the base, separating above,

with connivent connate tips.

22. C. Caffrorum (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1894, 358); stem

twining, 4-1 lin. thick, glabrous; leaves spreading or deflexed,

apparently fleshy, glabrous; petiole 3-13 lin. long; blade }— in.

long, 3-3 lin. broad, linear, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate

at the apex, cuneate, rounded or subcordate at the base; peduncles

lateral at the nodes, }-} in. long, 2-5-flowered, glabrous ; bracts

minute; flowers developing successively ; pedicels }—} in. long;

sepals 1-1} lin. long, lanceolate-subulate, with very acute recurved

tips, glabrous; corolla-tube 7-8 lin. long, ovoid-inflated and (in

dried flowers) 1-1} lin. in diam. at the base, cylindric above and

824 ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). [ Ceropegia.

scarcely or but slightly widened at the mouth, glabrous and green

with purple lines (Wood) outside, thinly covered with very fine long

hairs within ; lobes 3-34 lin, long, straight, connivent-erect, connate

at the enlarged tips, linear-spathulate, replicate, blackish-purple,

ciliate throughout with short dark purple or violet hairs, otherwise

glabrous ; outer corona with pouch-like entire lobes alternating with

the anthers, much shorter than the staminal column, but rising to its

top behind the inner corona-lobes in deltoid-ovate obtuse lobes,

glabrous ; inner corona-lobes connivent-erect high above the staminal

column or sometimes connate into a column, #~1 lin. long, spathu-

late-lanceolate, flat, with recurved or hooked tips, glabrous.

Schlechter in Journ, Bot, 1897, 295.

Var. 8, dubia (N. E. Br.) ; stems 1-14 lin. thick, occasionally twining, but

usually weak, trailing or pendulous and straight, without the least signs of

twining ; leaves $~J in. long, }-3 in. broad, rather broadly triangular-ovate, very

acute, slightly cordate at the base, slightly fleshy, undulate at the margins, deep

green with impressed slightly darker veins ; inner corona-lobes not recurved at the

tips ; otherwise as in the type.

Eastern Reaion: Natal; near Durban, Wood, 5376 (ex Schlechter), and with-

out number, Wood! Var. 8: Delagoa Bay, specimens cultivated at Kew, sent by

Mrs. Monteiro !

The Delagoa Bay variety is very different from the type in habit, but does not

appear to differ in its flowers.

23. C. assimilis (N. E. Br.) ; stems 1-2 ft. long, twining at the

upper part, rather slender, simple or with 1 branch at or near the

base, glabrous ; leaves fleshy, flattish, shortly petiolate, }-1} in. long,

1-4} lin. broad, linear to lanceolate, acute, glabrous ; cymes lateral

at the upper nodes, pedunculate, 2—4-flowered ; peduncles }—? in.

long, glabrous ; bracts minute ; pedicels 14-3 lin. long, glabrous ;

sepals I lin. long, narrowly lanceolate, acute, glabrous ; corolla-tube

apparently nearly straight, 3 in. long, with an ellipsoid (or sub-

globose ?) inflation } in, in diam. at the base, about } lin. in. diam.

above, enlarged to } in. in diam. at the funnel-shaped mouth,

apparently greenish, glabrous outside, thinly sprinkled with very

fine hairs within except at the inflated base ; lobes 34-4 lin. long,

narrowly linear from a small deltoid base, connivent-erect, connate

at the tips, keeled down the inner face, with undulated margins,

glabrous or perhaps with a few hairs at the base of the keel,

apparently purplish-tinted ; outer corona } lin. long, cup-shaped,

with the margin of its pocket-like divisions truncate, glabrous ;

inner corona-lobes about 1 lin. long, triquetrous-filiform, acute,

connivent over the style-apex at the basal half, then strongly

recurved-spreading at the tips high above the outer corona, to which

they are dorsally connected by their narrow partition-like keels,

glabrous.

Coast Recion: Albany Div. ; without precise locality, Bowker !

The hairs within the corolla-tube can only be observed in dried flowers under 4

strong lens, and are invisible when wet.

Ceropegia. | ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). 825

24. C. africana (R. Br. in Bot. Reg. t. 626); rootstock a tuber ;

stem }—I ft. long, twining, glabrous ; leaves fleshy, glabrous ; petiole

1-2 lin. long ; blade 4-1 in, long, 1-} in. broad, varying from ovate

to linear-lanceolate, acute, mucronate or apiculate, rounded or

broadly subcuneate at the base ; cymes pedunculate, lateral at the

nodes, 2~3-flowered ; peduncles 1-3 lin. long, glabrous ; pedicels 1-2

lin. long, glabrous ; sepals } lin. long, } lin. broad, linear-lanceolate,

acute, glabrous; corolla-tube 7-8 lin. long, straight, globosely

inflated and about 2 lin. in diam. at the base, } lin. in diam. above,

widening to 2} Jin. in diam. at the funnel-shaped mouth, glabrous

outside and within, greenish, striate with violet-brown above ; lobes

3-3} (or according to the figure about 5) lin. long, straight,

connivent-erect, connate at the tips, linear from a deltoid base, not

enlarged at the apex, replicate, keeled down the inner face, glabrous

on the back, dark violet-brown, ciliate on the margins and keel with

dark purple hairs ; outer corona cup-shaped, exceeding the staminal

column, with 5 broad 3-crenate or broadly rounded erect lobes

scarcely 4 lin. long, alternating with the anthers; inner corona-

lobes ? lin. long, erectly connivent over the staminal column,

recurved at the apex, much compressed laterally, broadly falcate,

very obtuse, 4 lin. broad, channelled on the inner and acute on the

outer edge, dorsally connected at the base to the outer corona

between its lobes. Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 906; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i.

842; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 110; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 890; Deene in

DC. Prodr. viii. 642; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 294, excl. syn.

and localities.

Soutu AFRica : without locality, cultivated specimen !

The very broad faleate inner corona-lobes and entire absence of hairs within the

corolla-tube are distinctive characters of this species. According to Dr. Schlechter

in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 12, a specimen collected near Komgha, in Komgha

Div. by Flanagan (714) belongs to this species, but I have not seen the specimen

and doubt the identification ; it may be C. linearis, E. Meyer, as in Engl. Jahrb.

xxi, Beibl, 54, 13, Schlechter refers that species to C. africana,

25. C. euryacme (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 46); stem

twining, filiform, glabrous; leaves spreading, somewhat fleshy,

glabrous on both sides ; petiole 2-3 lin. long; blade }~1 in. long,

24-4 lin. broad at or below the middle, lanceolate or lanceolate-

oblong, acute or acuminate ; peduncles lateral at the nodes, about as

long as the petioles, 1-2-flowered, glabrous ; pedicels about 1} lin.

long, glabrous ; sepals 1} lin. long, lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ;

corolla-tube about } in. long, subglobosely inflated and 2 lin. in

diam. at the base, narrower above and slightly enlarged at the

mouth, glabrous outside, puberulous on the lower half within ; lobes

2 lin. long, linear from the base, elliptically dilated at the apex,

puberulous on the inner face; outer corona cupular, somewhat

inconspicuously 5-lobed, glabrous ; inner corona-lobes much exceed-

ing the outer corona, linear-oblanceolate, obtuse, glabrous. C. Woodii,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 49, not elsewhere.

826 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). | [ Ceropegia.

KataHart Recion: Transvaal ; Houtbosch Berg (Mpome) above Mamavolo,

6500 ft., Schlechter, 4402.

The author does not state if the corolla-lobes are free or connate, but as he at

first named the plant C. Woodii, they are probably connate at the tips, as in that

species.

26. C. tenuis (N. E. Br.) ; stems long, twining, very slender, }~}

lin. thick when dried, glabrous ; leaves apparently somewhat fleshy,

glabrous ; petiole 14-3 lin. long; blade 4-1 in. long, 4-3 in. broad

near the base, ovate or deltoid-ovate, acute or obtuse and apiculate ;

cymes pedunculate, subumbellately 3—6-flowered ; flowers successively

developed ; peduncles 14-4 lin. long, glabrous ; pedicels 13-2 lin.

long, glabrous ; sepals 1-1} lin. long, lanceolate, acute, glabrous ;

corolla-tube 3—3 in. long, ovoid-inflated and probably about 2 lin, in

diam. at the base, cylindric and 3 lin. in diam. above, gradually

widening to 1} lin. across the mouth, glabrous outside, thinly pilose

with fine hairs within above the inflated part, which is smooth

within, apparently whitish or pale greenish, passing into blackish-

purple at the mouth; lobes 2 lin. long, erect, connate at the tips,

linear-spathulate from a deltoid 3 lin.-broad base, replicate, glabrous,

ciliate with long purple hairs along the keel on the inner face

formed by the folding, blackish-purple ; outer corona scarcely } lin.

long, arising above the base of the staminal column, cupular, with

entire subtruncate margins to the pocket-like spaces, glabrous, rising

into 5 short deltoid obtuse lobules behind and adnate to the inner

corona-lobes, which are 1 lin. long, dorsally flattened, lanceolate-

spathulate, acute, connivent-erect, much overtopping the 3 lin.-long

staminal column, white.

Eastern Recron: Transkei; forests near the coast of Kentani Div., near sea-

level, Miss Pegler, 665!

27. C. undulata (N. E. Br.); tuber large, flattened; stem

several feet long (Gerrard), slender, twining, pubescent ; leaves

apparently somewhat fleshy, only a few seen ; petiole 2-3 lin. long,

pubescent ; blade }~1} in. long, 4-? in. broad, or perhaps larger,

ovate, very acute or obtuse and apiculate, cordate or rounded at the

base, remarkably lobulate-undulate on the margins, pubescent on

both sides; cymes pedunculate, umbel-like, 6—18-flowered, the

flowers developing successively ; peduncles }—1 in. long, pubescent ;

pedicels 14-3 lin. long, pubescent ; sepals 14—1} lin. long, subulate,

pubescent ; corolla-tube curved, about } in. long, ovoid-inflated and

about 1} lin. in diam. at the base, cylindric and } lin. in diam.

above, gradually widening to 14-1? lin. in diam. at the mouth,

puberulous outside, glabrous within ; lobes erect, connate at the

tips, 5-6 lin. long, ? lin. broad at the base, linear-spathulate,

puberulous on the back, glabrous on the flat keelless inner face ;

outer corona not rising above the staminal column, cupular, probably

obtusely pentagonal, rising into 5 minute erect teeth behind the

inner corona-lobes, alternating with 5 truncate pocket-like spaces,

Ceropegia. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 827

glabrous, apparently white or yellowish ; inner corona-lobes 3 lin.

long, connivent-erect, spathulate-lanceolate, from a filiform base,

recurved at the acute tips, glabrous, apparently white.

EAstTEeRN REGION: Natal; Tugela, Gerrard, 1799 !

According to Gerrard, the leaves and stem are eaten by the Kaffirs. The

flowers may have been greenish.

28. C. obscura (N. E. Br.) ; stem twining, slender, thinly pube-

scent, chiefly near the nodes; leaves (only a few from the upper

part of the stem seen, probably larger below), fleshy ; petiole 1-14

lin. long, puberulous ; blade 1-4 in. long, 2—4 lin. broad, lanceolate,

ovate-lanceolate or oblong, acute or obtuse and apiculate, minutely

and sparsely ciliate, otherwise glabrous ; cymes lateral at the nodes,

3—5-flowered ; peduncles about } in. long, thinly puberulous ; bracts

minute ; pedicels 14-1? lin. long, puberulous ; sepals #—1 lin. long,

lanceolate, acuminate, puberulous ; corolla-tube slightly curved, ? in.

long, with an ellipsoid inflation about 2 lin. in diam. at the base,

cylindric and scarcely 1 lin. in diam. above, scarcely enlarging at

the mouth, puberulous outside and sprinkled with some very fine

curly hairs at the middle part only within, which are invisible

when wetted, apparently pale greenish, spotted with violet on the

basal part ; lobes erect, connate at the tips, 34 lin. long, } lin. broad,

linear, very slightly broadened near the apex, flat, puberulous on

the back, pubescent on the inner face from the middle upwards with

rather longer hairs, very shortly ciliate, purplish-brown, all the hairs

colourless ; outer corona somewhat cup-shaped, with truncate pocket-

like divisions, about as long as the staminal column, glabrous ; inner

corona-lobes 1 lin. long, narrowly subspathulate-lanceolate, acuminate,

connivent over the staminal column at the base, then erect, with

recurved tips, dorsally connected at the base with the outer corona,

glabrous.

Eastern Reaion: Delagoa Bay, Mrs. Monteiro!

29. C. pachystelma (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 47) ;

stem twining, slightly branched, minutely pubescent ; leaves rather

fleshy ; petiole 14-3 lin. long; blade }—2 in. long, 4-1 in. broad,

_ ovate-oblong or elliptic-oblong, obtuse, abruptly apiculate, rounded

at the base, puberulous ; cymes lateral at the nodes, 2-6 1-flowered ;

peduncle 3-6 lin. long, puberulous ; pedicels 3—4 lin. long, puberulous ;

sepals 3 lin. long, deltoid-lanceolate, acuminate, puberulous ; corolla

only seen in young bud, rather densely puberulous all over on the

outside, but according to Schlechter has a tube 10 lin, long, sub-

globosely inflated and 24 lin. in diam. at the base, cylindric above

and slightly dilated at the mouth ; lobes 2} lin. long, erect, connate

at the tips, linear-oblong, obtuse, replicate, glabrous on the back

(see above), tomentose-villous on the inner face ; outer corona-lobes

connate in a short tube or ring, with free semiorbicular very

828 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [Ceropegia.

obtuse tips, thickened at the margins ; inner corona-lobes erect,

linear-oblong from a narrow base, dilated below the middle, obtuse,

much longer than the outer corona. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897,

295; N. EB. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 457.

KataHari REGION: Transvaal; Mailas Kop, 2500 ft., Schlechter, 4511!

Makapans Poort, near Potgeiters Rust, 4300 ft., Schlechter, 4317.

The only specimen I have seen (Schlechter, 4511) has but one very immature

flower upon it, which I was unable to dissect ; the locality Mailas Kop is just

within Tropical Transvaal, where the plant was also collected by Dr. Schlechter on

the bank of the River Limvovo, near Valdezia.

30. ©. Meyeri (Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 645) ; rootstock a

flattened tuber ; stem herbaceous, up to 3 or 4 ft. long, twining,

pubescent ; leaves herbaceous; petiole 4-1} in. long, pubescent ;

blade }-1# in. long, 4-1} in. broad, cordate-ovate or lanceolate-

ovate, acute or somewhat acuminate, cordate or rounded at the base,

entire, variably toothed, or somewhat lobed and the margin cut into

numerous short linear-oblong lobules, more or less pubescent or

rarely subglabrous on both sides ; cymes sessile or subsessile at the

nodes, 2—4-flowered; pedicels 4-3 in. long, villous-pubescent ;

‘sepals 34-4} lin. long, } lin. broad at the base, subulate, pubescent ;

corolla-tube 1-1} in. long, bottle-shaped, the basal 3 inflated

cylindric-oblong and 1-1 in. in diam., narrowed above into a

cylindric neck 1-11 lin. in diam., abruptly dilated to } in. in diam.

at the mouth, glabrous outside and within, except at the slightly

pubescent inner surface of the mouth, white or greenish-white on

the basal part, striate or dotted with light or dark purple-brown or

violet on the upper 2, dark (purple?) at the base inside ; lobes 43-5

lin. long, 14 lin. broad at the very base, linear, with reflexed margins,

connate at the tips, in dried specimens usually appearing to be

connivent-erect, but when alive, they are horizontally spreading at

the base and horizontally incurved at the middle, almost black, with

2 central green longitudinal stripes on the inner face, glabrous, not

ciliate ; outer corona-lobes } lin. long, deltoid, acute, ascending,

glabrous, white ; inner corona-lobes 1 lin, long, linear or slightly

spathulate-linear, obtuse, connivent at the base, then slightly

diverging and in a broad curve again connivent at the tips, blackish

at the basal part, white above ; follicles erect, subparallel, 34-4 in.

long, 1 in. thick, terete, tapering into a beak, smooth, glabrous.

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 12 and 24; xx. Beibl. 51,

47, and xxi. Beibl. 54, 13; Journ. Bot. 1897, 294; N. E. Br. in Dyer,

Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 454. C. pubescens, E. Meyer, Comm. 193 ;

Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 891, not of Wall. .

Coast Recion: Komgha Div. ; near Komgha, Flanagan, 640 ! :

KaLanari REGION ; Transvaal ; hills at Riemers Creek, near Barberton, Galpm:

812; Elandspruit Mountains, 6000 ft., Schlechter, 3864; by the Litonandoa and

Limvovo Rivers, 1800 ft., Schlechter, 4527, all ex Schlechter. Masetana Valley,

near Shiluvane (with entire subglabrous and toothed pubescent leaves) Junod,

1020!

Ceropegia. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 829

Eastern Reaion: Transkei; near Fort Bowker, Bowker, 483! 541! Butter-

worth, Mrs. Barber (Bowker), 942! 943! valleys around Kentani, Miss Pegler,

313! Tembuland ; between the Bashee River and Morley, Drége, 4945! Natal ;

Umcomaas, McKen, 8! Inanda, Wood, 1307! Olivers Hoek Pass, Wood, 3476!

and without precise locality, Gerrard, 430! Mrs. K. Saunders !

Also in Tropical Transvaal.

31. C. multiflora (Baker in Ref. Bot. i. t. 10); tuber 3-4 in. in

diam., flattened ; stem long, slender, twining, glabrous ;-leaves more

or less reflexed, {-2 in. long, $—1 lin. broad and nearly as thick as

broad, fleshy, subsessile, linear-subterete, channelled down the face,

glabrous ; cymes sessile or very shortly pedunculate, lateral at the

nodes, 6-10 (or more ?)-flowered, the flowers developing successively ;

peduncles 0—} in. long, glabrous ; pedicels }~} in. long, glabrous ;

sepals 1 lin. long, subulate, glabrous; corolla-tube 4-3 in. long,

slightly curved or nearly straight, ovoid-inflated and } in. in diam.

at the base, narrowed to 3 lin. in diam. and cylindric above, about

1 lin. in diam. at the mouth, glabrous outside, inside with deflexed

white hairs in the slender part and some spreading fleshy subulate

processes with purple tips in the inflated part; lobes with their

basal part 14-13 lin. long, linear-lanceolate or oblong-linear,

ascending-spreading, abruptly tapering into very fine hair-like

points 1} lin. long, which are horizontally inflexed and connate at

their tips, green, covered on the inner face of the lower part with

short adpressed retrorse white hairs; before expansion the hair-

points form a fine needle-like point to the bud; outer corona } lin.

long, rising to the level of the top of the staminal column, cup-like,

pentagonal, with very rounded angles, entire, truncate, glabrous,

white ; inner corona-lobes } lin. long, linear or linear-spathulate,

incumbent on the backs of the anthers at the base, then connivent-

erect in a column, dorsally connected to the outer corona at the base,

glabrous, white. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 294. Systrepha

multiflora, Burchell ex Baker in Ref. Bot. i. under t. 10.

Var. 8, latifolia (N. E. Br.); leaves with a petiole #4 in. long and a blade 3-1

in. long, 3-3 in. broad, elliptic, obtuse, mucronulate, fleshy, flat, dark green

above, paler beneath ; midrib impressed above, prominent beneath.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Var. 8: cultivated at Kew !

CENTRAL REGION: Colesberg Div. ; Colesberg, Arnot (ex Baker).

KataHari Recion: Bechuanaland ; near the sources of the Kuruman River,

Burchell, 2481!

The Colesberg locality appears to me doubtful, the plant was sent by Mr. Arnot

(not Arnott as originally stated) from Colesberg to Kew, but I suspect it was

brought from Griqualand West where Mr. Arnot was ‘‘ Agent and Representative

of the Griqua Chief and Government.” There is a sketch at Kew of this plant,

from the Transvaal.

32. ©. infundibuliformis (E. Meyer, Comm. 194); rootstock a

cluster of long fleshy roots 4—3 in. thick; stem up to 2 ft. long,

twining, glabrous; leaves 4-2} in. long, }-} lin. broad, linear or

linear-filiform, acute, glabrous, apparently fleshy ; peduncle 3-5 lin.

830 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Ceropegia.

long, 1-3-flowered, lateral at the nodes, glabrous ; pedicels 14—3 lin.

long, glabrous; sepals 14-24 lin. long, } lin. broad at the base,

subulate or almost setaceous, glabrous ; corolla-tube straight or but

slightly curved, 3-1 in. long, globose-inflated at the base (Burchell),

but in dried specimens only very slightly inflated and about 2 lin.

in diam. at the base, cylindric and 14-1? lin. in diam. above,

enlarging to 3} or 4 lin. indiam. at the mouth, glabrous outside and

within, minutely tuberculate on the veins inside the inflated part,

apparently white, thickly spotted with violet-purple above the

inflation, which is apparently striate with purple ; lobes 7-10 lin.

long, erect, twisted together at the upper part, connate at the tips,

very narrowly linear from a deltoid base, replicate, with a rather

broad wing-like keel down the lower half of the inner face, glabrous,

not ciliate, dark purple-brown, the keel apparently white ; outer

corona cup-shaped, with 5 erect linear lobes 3-1 lin. long, divided to

below the middle into 2 linear obtuse parallel segments, hairy ;

inner corona-lobes } lin. long, exceeding the outer corona, linear,

connivent-erect over the staminal column, glabrous. Dvetr. Syn. Pl.

ii. 891; Decne in DO. Prodr. viii. 645. C. filiformis, Oliv. ex

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54,13; Schlechter in Journ.

Bot. 1897, 295. Systrepha filiformis, Burch. Trav. i. 546. S.

(Ceropegia ?) filiforme, Burch. Trav. ii. 617.

CenTRaL Reaion: Murraysburg Div. ; near Murraysburg, 4100 ft., Tyson, 410!

Aberdeen Div. ; Camdeboo, near Hamerkuil, 3000 ft., Drége, 5618! Cradock

Div. ; near Cradock, Cooper, 2707 !

Katawart Recion: Hay Div. in Griqualand West ; on the plain at the foot of

the Asbestos Mountains, Burchell, 2092 !

A specimen with immature flowers in the Albany Museum, Grahamstown,

collected by Mr. H. Hutton at Commadagga in Somerset Div., probably belongs

to this species.

33. C. Barklyi (Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 6315, by error Barkleyi) ;

rootstock a tuber with 1 or more erect stems 2-6 in. long, simple,

sometimes slightly twining at the apex, under cultivation up to 1}

ft. long and requiring support, or occasionally twining, pubescent

when dwarf, glabrous when elongated ; leaves fleshy, very shortly

petiolate, 4-1} in. long, 1-5 lin. broad, linear to lanceolate, acute,

rounded or somewhat cuneate at the base, flat above, slightly convex

beneath, shortly and rather thinly pubescent to glabrous on both

sides, slightly and minutely ciliate, dark green with whitish veins ;

peduncles lateral at the nodes, 2-9 lin. long, 2—3-flowered, glabrous ;

bracts 4-1 lin. long, subulate ; pedicels 1}—-2} lin. long, glabrous ;

sepals 14 lin. long, subulate, glabrous ; corolla-tube slightly curved

(straight in dried flowers), 7-8 lin. long, about 2 lin. in diam. at

the globose-inflated base, cylindric and about 3 lin. in diam. above,

about } in. in diam. at the funnel-shaped mouth, outside glabrous,

greenish-white at the base, pinkish above, passing into light green at

the mouth, inside with a few fine long hairs on the upper part ; lobes

3-} lin. long, very narrowly linear from a deltoid base, erect,

diverging above (in dried flowers subparallel), with incurved connate

Ceropegia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 831

tips, keeled on the inner face, which is veined with purple-brown on

a greenish ground at the base and entirely purple-brown above,

green on the back, ciliate on the margins for a short space just below

the middle and on the basal part of the keel with fine simple purple

hairs, otherwise glabrous ; outer corona somewhat cup-like or its

lobes pouch-like, subtruncate or slightly notched, glabrous ; inner

corona-lobes 4-3 lin. long, 4 lin. broad across the side, laterally

much compressed, broadly falcate, obtuse, connivent over the style-

apex at the base, then recurved in a semicircle above the outer

corona and dorsally connected to it at the base, glabrous ; follicles

spreading, 1} in. or more long, } in. thick, linear-terete, shortly

acute ; seeds 14-1? lin. long, 3—3 lin. broad, ovate, broadly margined,

smooth, glabrous, brown. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 294.

Var. B, tugelensis (N. E. Br.) ; stem apparently long, very distinctly twining

{a succulent climber, Gerrard), glabrous ; leaves #-1f in. long, 2-5 lin. broad,

lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate ; peduncles 3-5-flowered ; pedicels 2-3 lin. long;

inner corona-lobes about 2 lin. long and 4 lin. broad, erect, falcately recurved at

the obtuse apex ; follicles 24-23 in. long, 2 lin. thick, terete-fusiform, tapering to

a beak, smooth, glabrous ; seeds 23-3 lin. long, about 1 lin. broad, convex on one

side, with incurved sides on the other, broadly margined, smooth, glabrous, light

brown ; otherwise as in the type.

Eastern Recion: Transkei ; near Old Morley, Bowker! and living plant sent

to Kew by Sir H. Barkly! Var. 8: Natal; thorny bush, Tugela River, Gerrard,

1323!

The follicles described, are from a plant cultivated by Mr. W. E. Ledger of

Wimbledon, and appear to me not to have fully developed. The Tugela plant

may prove to be a distinct species when better known ; it looks very different from

the wild specimens of C. Barklyi, but except in its very twining stems is scarcely

distinguishable from that plant as it grows under cultivation, for no one would

recognise that the figure in the Botanical Magazine (which is excellent of the culti-

vated plant) belonged to the same species as the wild specimens, so very different

are they in appearance, although in this case actually grown from the same tubers.

34. C. Conrathii (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 45); whole

plant including the tuber 34-4} in. high ; tuber depressed-subglobose,

about 2 in. in diam. ; stems several or perhaps numerous, clustered,

erect, simple or branched near the base, glabrous, about half their

length buried in the ground in the specimen seen ; leaves suberect

er ascending, subsessile or very shortly petiolate, at the time of

flowering 3—? in. long, 2-3 lin. broad, probably afterwards enlarging,

lanceolate, very acute, cuneately narrowed at the base, wavy and

erisped at the margins, sparsely ciliolate, glabrous on both sides,

apparently somewhat fleshy ; flowers in clusters of 4-6 at the nodes ;

pedicels erect, 4-7 lin. long, slender, glabrous ; sepals nearly 1 lin,

long, 2 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ; corolla

very slightly curved ; tube } in. long, 14-2 lin. in diam. at the

ellipsoid-inflated base, cylindric above and about 1 lin. in diam., not

enlarged at the mouth, glabrous outside, very sparsely hairy at the

middle part and having a few very short cylindric processes on the

inflated part within, apparently whitish or yellowish, dotted with

dark violet-purple on the upper part, the spots becoming more

832 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Ceropeyia.

crowded below and perhaps confluent on the inflated part ; lobes

about 34 lin. long, linear, searcely dilated at the base, erect, slightly

curved, connate at the tips, glabrous, apparently purplish tinted

(flowers wine-red, Conrath) ; outer corona forming 5 small truncate

pockets less than } lin. deep alternating with the anthers, glabrous ;

inner corona-lobes } lin. long, linear-spathulate, obtuse, connivent-

erect, dorsally adnate to the outer corona at the base, glabrous.

Karanart Recion: Transvaal ; near Modderfontein, Conrath, 1008 !

Kew is indebted to Mr. Paul Conrath for a portion of the type specimen of this

species, but I do not find the corolla-tube to be glabrous inside as described by

Dr. Schlechter, the tubercles are very conspicuous, but the hairs are not easily

discernible in dried specimens unless viewed against the light by doubling the

corolla back in water.

Imperfectly known species.

35. C.? aphylla (Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 13) ; “fleshy ; branches:

dichotomous, many-jointed, weak, terete ; juice not very milky ;

leaves stipule-like, about 1 lin. long, and at length almost deltoid,

adpressed, withering. Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 3; G. Don, Gen. Syst.

iv. 112.

Soutn Arnica? ex Haworth.

It is probable that this is not a South African plant. Link and Otto (ce. Pl.

Select. 43, t. 18) figure C. dichotoma, Haw., from the Canary Isles, under the name

C. aphylla, but as Haworth describes both species on the same page and was avery

careful observer of plants, it is scarcely probable that they can be the same species,

and besides the juice of C. dichotoma is not at all milky.

36. C. leptocarpa (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 47) ; stem

twining, filiform, glabrous ; leaves spreading, scarcely fleshy,

glabrous ; petiole 24-4 lin. long ; blade 5-10 lin. long, 2-6 lin.

broad, ovate, lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptic, acuminate ; peduncles

lateral at the nodes, a little longer than the petioles, few-flowered

at the apex, glabrous ; pedicels 1} lin. long, glabrous ; sepals } lin.

long, narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous; corolla slender,

7 lin. long ; tube ellipsoid-inflated at the base, narrowed above and

slightly dilating upwards to 1 lin. in diam. at the mouth, glabrous

outside, sparsely pilose within ; lobes 2 lin. long, linear, obtuse,

thinly ciliate ; outer corona broadly cup-shaped with semiorbicular

very obtuse lobes, glabrous ; inner corona-lobes nearly three times

as long as the outer corona, faleate-erect, rather obtuse, slightly

dilated at the middle, glabrous ; fruit not described.

Se ages Recton : Delagoa Bay district ; near Maramkene, 30 ft., Schlechter,

The author does not state if the corolla-lobes are free or connate at the tips,

but as they are described as obtuse they may be free.

37. C. linearis (E. Meyer, Comm. 194) ; stem twining, glabrous ;

leaves fleshy, glabrous ; petiole 1-2 lin. long ; blade {7-2 in. long,

3-3 lin. broad, linear, linear-ovate or narrowly ovate-lanceolate,

Ceropegia. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 833

acute, obtuse or rounded at the base ; cymes pedunculate, lateral at:

the nodes, 2—3-flowered ; peduncle 4—} in. long, glabrous ; pedicels

15-23 lin. long, glabrous ; sepals 1} lin. long, 2 lin. broad, narrowly

lanceolate, acuminate, or subulate, glabrous; ‘“ corolla-tube slender,

narrowed at the middle, striate with violaceous ; lobes of the limb

very narrow, pilose, with reflexed sinuses.” Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 8915

Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 644.

EAsTERN Reeion: Pondoland or Natal ; on sand-hills not far from the sea-shore

between Umtentu River and Umzimkulu River, below 100 ft., Drége, 4947 !

I cannot identify this with any plant known to me, as the type specimen

in E. Meyer’s Herbarium is now destitute of corollas except in very young bud,

but iv general appearance it somewhat resembles C. Cajfrorwm, Schlechter,

although the statement that the sinuses of the corolla are reflexed, indicates

_an entirely different species. E. Meyer suggests that it may be a variety of

C. africana, R. Br., to which species Dr. Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl.

54, 13, and Journ. Bot. 1897, 294 has referred it. This, however, is unlikely, as

it comes from a region that was quite unexplored at the date (1822) when Robert

Brown described C. africana, the plant is also different in appearance, and I find

the sepals of C. linearis are much narrower, longer and more finely pointed than

those of C. africana, whilst the sinuses of the corolla are not reflexed in the latter.

38. C.? torulosa (Haw. Rev. Pl. Succ. 199), a much-branched

succulent shrublet, with the appearance of a species of Piper ;

branches about 9 in. long, erectly decumbent, effusely dichotomous,

slender, terete ; leaves opposite, spreading (‘“‘expansa”), 1 in. long,

shorter than the internodes, lanceolate-oblong, shaped like a pea-pod

(probably depressed or compressed-terete in transverse section),

copiously convex-subbullulate on both sides or torulose, dull green ;

petiole 1 lin. long, filiform; flowers unknown to Haworth, but

according to P. N. Don, Hort. Cantab. ed. 13, 169, they are yellow,

but are not described.

SovutH Arrica: without locality, ex Haworth.

I doubt if this is an Asclepiad, but cannot conjecture what it may be. I cannot

discover that any author besides those quoted makes any mention of the plant,

and it is omitted from the Index Kewensis.

It may be of interest to note here that in the Botanic Garden at Leiden a

distinct hybrid (C. hybrida, N. E. Br.) has been raised from seed produced by

Ceropegia Sandersonii, which had been fertilised by insect agency with pollen

from C. similis, N. E. Br. The native country of the latter species is unknown.

See the Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1906, xl. 383, figs. 145-148.

XLI. BRACHYSTELMA, R. Br.

Calyx 5-partite. Oorolla 5-lobed ; tube campanulate, cup-shaped

or rarely shortly tubular, or the united part flat or saucer-shaped,

or the whole corolla reflexed from the base ; lobes free and widely

spreading, ascending or reflexed, or connate at the tips, forming a

sort of cage, valvate or replicate-valvate in bud. Corona arising

from the staminal column, double or falsely appearing 1-seriate ;

outer corona cupular and 5—10-toothed or lobed or divided by 5 cut-

* VOL, IV.—SECT. I.—PART V. 34H

834 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). { Brachystelina.

like fissures or rarely entire, or of 5 minute pouches or distinct entire

or bifid lobes, alternating with the inner corona-lobes or sometimes

divided to the base and the 2 adjacent halves of 2 lobes connate and

adnate to the sides or back of the base of the inner corona-lobes and

falsely appearing to form part of or to stand behind them ; inner

corona of 5 lobes incumbent upon the backs of the anthers and

shorter to longer than them, often dorsally connected at the base to

the outer corona or adnate to the sides of its lobes. Staminal column

arising from the base of the corolla ; anthers incumbent or inflexed

upon the apex of the style or suberect, oblong or subquadrate, with-

out an appendage. Pollen-masses horizontal or ascending, solitary

in each anther-cell, pellucid on the inner margin or at their apex,

attached in pairs by very short caudicles to the pollen-carriers or

subsessile upon them. Style not exceeding the anthers, truncate or

convex at the apex. Fllicles fusiform or linear-fusiform, smooth.

Seeds crowned with a tuft of hairs.

Perennial herbs, usually of dwarf habit ; rootstock a tuber or cluster of thick

“fleshy roots ; stem solitary or two to several to a tuber, simple or branched, erect,

‘prostrate or rarely twining ; leaves opposite ; flowers small or of moderate size,

solitary or 2 to many together, lateral at the nodes or in terminal umbels or

wmbel-like cymes.

DistRip. Species about 60, mostly South African, the others about equally

divided between Tropical Africa and India.

Brachystelma is closely allied to Ceropegia, differing chiefly in the corolla-tube

being very short or absent. As here understood it forms a compact and easily —

recognised genus, but by Harvey and Schlechter no less than 6 other generic names

have been proposed for its various species. I find, however, no distinction of

structural importance by which they can be maintained. Four of them, viz. :

Decaceras, Harv., Dichelia, Harv., Aulostephanus, Schlechter, and Lasiostelma,

Benth. (= Brachystelmaria, Schlechter), are upheld by Dr. Schlechter. Decaceras,

however, merely differs in having no tube to the corolla, as is also the case in

B. caffrum, N. E. Br., and B. pulchellum, Schlechter, and a like difference is found

in several genera. Dichelia only differs in having the corolla-lobes connate at the

tips, and in B. pygmxum I find them free or connate on the same specimen !

B. Barberiz, Harv., however, which has connate lobes, is placed by Dr. Schlechter

under Brachystelma, I can find no other difference, and Ceropegia and Schizoglossum

both contain species with free and connate lobes. Aulostephanus and Lasiostelma differ

in having a cluster of fleshy roots instead of a tuber, and more erect corolla-lobes, but

the same difference of habit is found in Ceropegia, Asclepias and Xysmalobium, and

the form and size of the corolla vary very much in many genera. Several large

genera, such as Senecio, Pelargonium, Oxalis, Euphorbia, ete., exhibit similar or

still more striking differences of habit and floral structure, so that there appears

nothing to warrant the retention of the above four as distinct from Brachystelma.

The tubers are eaten by the natives. Probably some of the following descriptions

of the corolla-tube, made from dried specimens, will not be found to agree with

that of the living plant, as it changes very much in drying ; see for example the

desciptions of B. caudatum, N. E. Br., and B. Barberiz, Harv.

* Corolla-lobes free, see also 29, B. pygmxum:

+ Corolla with a distinct tube 1-8 lin. long:

Corolla-tube about 4 in. long, campanulate or ovoid-

campanulate, much longer than the lobes ;

plants 13-3 in. high :

Corolla covered with long white hairs inside ; lobes

Oates 55 ek re whe ve (vee (1) ofanthum.

Brachystelma. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 835

Corolla covered within (at least below the middle)

with very short thick hairs; lobes not

ciliate... a ‘ ess ca Pa

Corolla-tube 1-3 (rarely 4) lin. long, campanulate :

Corolla-lobes 9-14 lin. long, pubescent on the inner

face, terminal half green iat oe ... (3) crispum.

Corolla-lobes 5-12 lin. long, glabrous or more rarely

puberulous on the inner face, terminal hal

blackish or dark purple-brown a ... (4) fetidum.

Corolla-lobes 2-3$ lin. long:

Corolla-lobes ciliate :

Corolla dark purple-brown, with yellow

transverse lines at the base of the lobes

(2) campanulatum.

andinthetube ... cae ii (5) tuberosum.

Corolla greenish or whitish ... ahs ... (7) meyerianum,

Corolla-lobes not ciliate :

Corolla thinly pubescent on the inner surface

at the base of the lobes and throat of the

tube, otherwise glabrous ; outer corona

10-toothed sas RS 8 ... (8) Thunbergii.

Corolla quite glabrous on the inner surface :

Pedicels 1}-2 in. long ; corolla-lobes 24 lin.

long, reflexed ... oa — ... (10) prelongum.

Pedicels 2-24 lin. long ; corolla-lobes 3} lin.

long, very spreading ... a tt

Pedicels 14 lin. long ; corolla-lobes 3-3} lin.

long, erect or erectly-spreading ... (25) mafekingense.

Corolla-lobes 1 lin. long, glabrous; tube 14 lin.

long ni bee ie vee wae tae

++ Corolla without a distinct tube, the united part flattish

or saucer-shaped and except in 21, B. Gerrardi, and

22, B. macropetalum not more than 3 lin. deep:

¢ Corolla-lobes 3-2} lin. long:

Stems erect and 2-6 in. high or prostrate,

(6) decipiens.

(9) schonlandianum.

branching :

Pedicels 4-14 in. long ; flowers usually solitary,

yellow fa ae a yay aw ES) caffrum.

Pedicels 4-4 in. long; flowers 2-7 together,

dark brown when dried, said to be yellow ... (12) Huttoni.

Pedicels pt in. long (sometimes rather more

in 15, B. pulchellum) becoming longer in

fruit :

Corolla-lobes replicate, ciliate with minute

hairs on the basal part, white or pale ;

yellowish ... wi pig ... ve» (26) ramosissimum,

- Corolla-lobes flat or with the margins incurved

near the middle or slightly recurved, not

replicate nor ciliate :

Corolla dark purple-brown :

Stems erect ; corolla reflexed (sometimes

erect in dried flowers); lobes with

thickened green tips ... as .. (11) Arnotii.

Stems prostrate ; corolla rotate; lobes

not thickened at the tips, with

yellow lines at the base... mec kan) a.

836 : ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Brachystelma.

Corolla not dark purple-brown; stems

erect, 2-3 in. high:

Leaves lanceolate-elliptic ; corolla-lobes

nearly 2 lin. long, yellowish ... (13) flavidum.

Leaves linear or linear-lanceolate ; corolla-

lobes 1-14 lin. long:

Leaves with a conspicuously prominent

_ midrib beneath; corolla apparently

pinkish or pale purplish, with

darker tips sas ae ... (16) nanum.

Leaves without a distinctly prominent

midrib beneath ; corolla yellowish-

white, dotted with wine-red _... (17) occidentale.

Stem erect, 4 (rarely less) -2 ft. high, simple or

sparingly branched :

Pedicels 1-3 lin. long; corolla-lobes ciliate all

along or bordered at the tips with minute

thick weakly attached hairs :

Middle stem-leaves 4-1} lin. broad, linear ; : :

corolla-lobes 3—3 lin. long yes ... (18) schizoglossoides.

Middle stem-leaves 14-6 lin. broad, linear to

elliptic-oblong ; corolla-lobes 14-2 lin. :

long ae ties sik taveatimenh ed eee

Pedicels 44-10 lin. long ; middle leaves 3-1} in.

broad, roundish-ovate ; corolla-lobes 1 lin.

long, not ciliate ‘ ie 86 ... (19) natalense.

ti Corolla-lobes 4-7 lin. long :

Corolla-lobes ciliate near the base with long clavate

purple hairs ; leaves 3-1? in. long, ovate or

. oblong 2 suborbicular : ‘

tem 3-23 ft. high, with 10-25 irs 0

leaves rdw td enna ere et Re

Stem 2-3 in. high, with 4-6 pairs of leaves... (24) comptum.

Corolla-lobes ciliate on the inner face at the margin

to half way up with minute obovoid or clavate er

hairs ; leaves 1}-3 in. long, linear... ... (23) longifolium.

ttt Corolla-lobes 9-10 lin. long, puberulous on the inner

face, not ciliate with clavate hairs ... _--. (22) macropetalum.

**Corolla-lobes linear or filiform, connate at the tips ;

flower somewhat cage-like :

Stem and the elliptic leaves densely covered with long

soft spreading hairs ; corolla-tube 2 lin. long, lobes

$8 in: lone is is ee hie, ie gp A om

Stem and leaves varying from densely pubescent sub-

tomentose or puberulous with short or minute

hairs to glabrous :

+ Corolla with a distinct campanulate or cup-shaped

tube 14-24 lin. long (in some dried flowers of

se - Barberiz, falsely appearing up to 4 lin.

ong):

Leaves }-4 in. long, cuneate-ovate, undulate ;

corolla-lobes 7 lin. long, sparsely ciliate —... (32) undulatum.

Leaves $-14 in. long, linear or linear-lanceolate ;

corolla-lobes 8-13 lin. long :

Corolla-lobes thickened at the apex, ciliate above

the middle ; tube sparsely pilose ... ... (38) elongatum.

Brachystelma. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 837

Corolla-lobes not thickened at the apex, with

minute clavate or subglobose hairs at their

base and throat of the tube within ... (89) distinetum.

Leaves 1-4 in. long, cuneate-oblong to oblan-

ceolate ; corolla-lobes 3-13 in. long, eee

to glabrous on the inner face ... . (41) Barberie.

tt Corolla-tube almost none and the united part flattish

or saucer-shaped, or very shortly cup-shaped,

+-# lin. long, or possibly rather more in 37,

B. cinereum :

Corolla-lobes in 31, B. circinatum, 4-5, in the

others 5-10 lin. Jong, glabrous (sometimes

subpuberulous in 35, B. Galpinii) on the inner

surface :

Leaves expanded, spathulately elliptic, oblong

or obovate, with very undulated eam ;

outer corona-lobes bifid to the middle . (33) Bolusii.

Leaves usually longitudinally folded, rarely flat,

not undulated on the margins, 433 in, long,

linear, linear-lanceolate, lanceolate or

elliptic :

Leaves obscurely or thinly and very minutely

puberulous to glabrous; inner corona-

lobes oblong - linear, obtuse, a

exceeding the anthers... is . (30) commixtum,

Leaves very distinctly (but minutely) fitheobiiit

or puberulous on one or both sides:

Leaves glabrous on the upper or infolded

surface :

Flowers solitary (always?), drooping ;

inner corona-lobes linear - oblong,

truncate or emarginate, not exceed-

ing the anthers i .. (84) ovatum.

Flowers 2 or more together at the sain.

not drooping

Inner corona: twice as long as the

anthers, subulate, acute ... .. (35) Galpinii.

Inner corona-lobes only half as pa as

the anthers, linear, with a dorsal

thickening hog hump ®,. at the

base

eee

.. (31) circinatum,

Leaves puberulous or pubescent on both

sides ; inner corona-lobes much longer

than the anthers :

Inner corona-lobes rather shorter than

the outer corona... iss .. (36) pallidum.

’ Inner corona-lobes —— the outer

corona site .. (37) cinereum.

Corolla-lobes 13-3 lin. long:

Leaves puberulous beneath or on outer side when

folded (on both sides, Schlechter); outer

corona-lobes divided to half way or beyond

into linear or linear-subulate segments :

Plant 2-5 in. high; teeth of outer corona

glabrous... uae eis +». (27) Zeyheri.

Plant 6-8 in. high ; ‘sate of outer corona

minutely ciliate ... ee ae ... (28) filiforme.

838 ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). [ Brachystelma.

Leaves puberulous on the midrib beneath and

minutely ciliate, otherwise glabrous ; outer

corona-lobes minute or subquadrate, emar-

ginate or shortly bifid, sometimes all

connate into a ring ... ec eet ... (29) pygmeum.

1. B. oianthum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 53);

tuber flattened, about 2 in. indiam.; stem 2~3 in. high, simple or

sparingly branched, comparatively stout, pubescent; leaves 4-8

pairs to a stem or branch, ascending, 3—2 in. long, 2-6 lin. broad,

linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, acute, tapering at the base into a

short petiole, longitudinally folded, minutely pubescent on both

sides ; flowers solitary at the nodes, comparatively large, nodding or

horizontal ; pedicels 1-2 lin. long, rather stout, minutely pubescent ;

sepals 13-2 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, thinly and minutely

pubescent ; corolla ovoid-campanulate, shortly 5-lobed, apparently

slightly fleshy, glabrous outside, dull yellow, spotted with dark

purple-brown, or (according to Schlechter) sometimes entirely dark

purple-brown ; tube (according to a drawing) about 6 lin. long and

7 lin. in diam. (smaller in dried flowers), clothed within with long

white hairs ; lobes free, spreading, about 2 lin. long and 3-3} lin.

broad (in drawing), broadly deltoid-ovate, acute, ciliate with

long (vibratile?) pale purple or rose-coloured hairs ; outer and inner

corona-lobes combined into one series, cupular, pentagonal, apparently

of 5 broad 3-lobed segments, with the lateral teeth } lin. long,

deltoid, obtuse, contiguous in pairs with those of the adjacent

segments, having near one margin a small patch of minute deflexed

white hairs, otherwise glabrous, and the middle tooth (really the

inner corona-lobe) 2 lin. long, shortly linear from a broadly deltoid

base, inflexed and closely incumbent upon the backs of the anthers

and not exceeding them, purple-brown. Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1897, 292. B.erianthum, Schlechter ex K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl,

Pflanzenfam, iv. ii. 268.

KataHaRI Recion: Orange River Colony; near the Rhenoster River,

Sanderson, 7! Transvaal; Modderfontein, Conrath, 1007! near Mooifontein,

5500 ft., Schlechter, 3557 and Elandspruit Mountains, 6000 ft., Schlechter, 3993

(ex Schlechter).

2. B. campanulatum (N. E. Br.) ; tuber flattened or turnip-shaped,

about 2 in. in diam., with one simple or sparingly branched stem

(together with the leaves) 14-2 in. high ; branches about 1 in. long,

decumbent or spreading, puberulous ; leaves 3}—1} in. long, 4—7 lin.

broad, elliptic, ovate or obovate, tapering or rounded at the base into a

petiole 2-3 lin. long, flattish or longitudinally folded and more or less

-_undulate, puberulous on both sides; flowers solitary at the nodes,

drooping ; pedicels about 2 lin. long, puberulous ; sepals 2—24 lin. long,

lanceolate, acuminate, puberulous ; corolla campanulate, shortly

5-lobed, densely subtomentose-puberulous and green outside, inside

covered with very short thick and probably stiff hairs, greenish-yellow,

Brachystelma. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 839

spotted all over and longitudinally veined at the upper part with

dark purple-brown ; tube about } in. long and nearly as much in

diam. ; lobes free, erect or very slightly spreading, 2-23 lin. long

and about 3 lin. broad at the base, deltoid-ovate, acute, not ciliate ;

outer and inner corona partially combined, dark purple-brown ;

outer lobes shortly bitid, pouch-like, with their sides united to the

base of the shortly linear obtuse inner lobes, which are incumbent

upon the backs of the anthers, with their tips just exceeding and

incurved over them.

Coast Region : Bathurst Div. ; in sandy soil at Linch’s Post, near the Kowie

River, Bowie !

Described partly from an excellent drawing at Kew of a plant introduced by

Bowie in 1823 into Kew Gardens, which flowered there in July, 1824, and partly

from an imperfect specimen in the British Museum, collected by Bowie. It must

be a very rare plant, as although the region has been visited by several collectors,

it has not been refound during the past 84 years. It is nearly allied to

B. oianthum, Schlechter.

3. B. crispum (Grah. in Edinb, Phil. Journ. 1830, ii. 170) ; tuber

flattened, 3-4 in. in diam. ; stems sometimes several, 4—6 in. high,

simple or sparingly branched at the base, more or less pubescent ;

leaves ascending-spreading, }-1} in. long, 1}—4 lin. broad, linear-

lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, lanceolate or obovate-spathulate, acute

or obtuse, usually with wavy margins, shortly pubescent on both

sides ; flowers 2—8 together, lateral at the nodes; pedicels } to 14

in. long, pubescent; sepals 14-2 lin. long, lanceolate-subulate,

pubescent ; corolla pubescent and green outside, spotted with purple-

brown on the tube and base of the lobes, the tube inside and

dilated base of the lobes glabrous, yellow or whitish ? marked with

dark purple-brown prominent or wart-like spots, narrow part of the

lobes pubescent, green, without spots; tube in living flowers 1-1}

lin. long and 1? lin. in diam. at the mouth, cup-like and but slightly

exceeding the corona, but in dried flowers (owing to collapse

from shrinkage of the horizontally spreading united part of the limb)

appearing to be campanulate, 24-3 lin. long and much exceeding the

corona, without a trace of the small actual tube, which when fresh

occupies only the lower half of the apparent tube: lobes _ free,

horizontally spreading or slightly recurving towards the tips, 3-1}

(or from figures up to 1?) in. long, broadly ovate at _ the

base, tapering into long linear tails, with revolute or replicate

margins ; outer corona somewhat cup-like, pentagonal, of 5 bifid

pocket-like lobes alternating with the anthers, with deltoid acute

teeth } lin. long, purple-brown ; inner corona-lobes 4-3 lin. long,

linear, obtuse, inflexed upon the backs of the anthers and equalling

or slightly exceeding them and incurved over their tips, dorsally

connected to and appearing to be teeth inflexed from the outer

corona, purple-brown with yellowish tips. Bot. Mag. t. 3016 ; Decne

in DC. Prodr. viii. 647, not of E. Meyer. B. caudatum, N. BE. Br.

in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. 169; K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl,

840 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [Brachystelma.

Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 268; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 292. B.

spatulatum, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1113; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 125.

B. spathulatum, Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 646 ; K. Schum. in Engl.

and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 268. Stapelia tuberosa, Meerburg,

Pl. Rar. t. 54, fig. 1. S. caudata, Thunb. Prodr. 46 ; Fl. Cap. ed. 2,

ii. 171, and ed. Schultes, 241; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1286; Pers. Syn.

Pl. i. 279; Poir. Encyel. Meth. vii. 384; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi.

48; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 117; Decne in DC. Prodr, viii. 663.

SoutH Arrica : without locality, Zhunberg! Harvey, 515 ! cultivated specimens !

Coast Recon : Malmesbury Div. ; sandy plain near Darling, 400 ft., Bolus,

5 anil Cape Div.? in the neighbourhood of Cape Town, locality unknown,

‘appe |

Partly described from fresh flowers in formalin. The wart-like spots on the

corolla are larger and less crowded in some specimens than in others. The figure

in the Botanical Register was evidently drawn from a specimen on which the

flowers had closed after expansion. Dried flowers are exceedingly deceptive as to

the true form of the corolla.

4. B. fetidum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 52);

tuber flattened, up to 4 or 5 in. in diam., producing 1 to several

branching stems 3-6 in. high, variably pubescent with short

spreading hairs; leaves spreading, }-2 in. long, 1}-8 lin. broad,

linear-lanceolate, lanceolate, somewhat elliptic or ovate, acute or

obtuse, cuneately narrowed at the base into a short petiole, longi-

tudinally folded, sometimes undulate at the margins, pubescent on

both sides or glabrous above ; flowers in fascicles of 2-6 lateral at

the nodes, very variable in size, according to the vigour of the plant ;

pedicels 4-1 in. long, pubescent ; sepals 14-24 lin. long, lanceolate,

acute, pubescent; corolla 1-2 in, in expanse, pubescent to sub-

glabrous all over outside, inner surface of lobes and _ tube

glabrous (rarely puberulous), dark purple-brown or nearly black on

the lobes and marked with purple-brown wart-spots (not always

visible in dried flowers) on a white or yellowish ground in the tube ;

tube 3-4 lin. long, campanulate ; lobes free, spreading, $—1 in. long,

linear from a deltoid base, with revolute or reflexed margins, acute,

ciliate with hairs like those on the back; outer corona about

equalling the staminal column, somewhat cup-like, 10-toothed or of

5 bifid lobes forming small pockets alternating with the anthers,

apparently purple-brown ; teeth erect, }—} lin. long, deltoid, acute or

obtuse, usually pubescent on the inner face with minute white hairs

(scarcely visible when wetted) or sometimes glabrous ; inner corona

lobes up to } lin. long, linear, obtuse, incumbent on the backs of the

anthers and not exceeding them, glabrous; follicles in pairs or

solitary, 24-3 in. long, } in. or more thick, terete-fusiform, tapering

into an obtuse beak, pubescent. Schlechter in Jowrn. Bot. 1897, 292.

B. Rehmannii, Schlechter in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. 449.

Katanart ReGion: Orange River Colony; near Harrismith, Sanderson, 6!

163! Sankey, 187! Thode! Rhenoster River, Sanderson (drawing)! Vals River,

Mrs. Barber, 682! Besters Vallei near Witzies Hoek, Miss Jacobsz! Parys, Rogers,

Brachystelma. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 841

803! Basutoland, Cooper, 983! Transvaal; Mooi Kiver, Burke, 292! near Elsburg,

Schlechter, 3547! Potchefstroom, Burtt Davy, 1820! Houtbosch'Berg, Rehmann,

5877! Modderfontein, Conrath, 1013! and without precise locality, Nelson, 13!

Eastern Recion : Zululand, Thomas !

A fruiting specimen from Cradock (Cooper, 2710) may also belong to this

species. According to Mr. Sanderson, the tuber ‘‘is sometimes eaten by the

Hottentots and called Hottentot’s bread, when eaten raw it tastes bitter.’”’ The

flowers are stated to be ‘‘abominably scented” or to emit ‘‘an awful stench.”

Dr. Schlechter founded B. fotidum upon a small-flowered specimen with the

inner surface of the corolla-lobes glabrous, and B. Rehmannii upon a large-flowered

specimen with the inner surface of the corolla-lobes puberulous. I have examined

both and find no structural difference between the two extreme forms, nor does

Dr. Schlechter mention any, and they are connected by specimens with flowers of

intermediate sizes, which demonstrate that the size accords with the vigour of the

plant, probably depending upon the amount of moisture. Specimens with the

inner surface of the corolla-lobes puberulous appear to be uncommon, the only

examples [ have seen are Rehmann’s 5877 (the type of B. Rehmannii) and Rogers’

803 ; I deem it to be a variable character, such as occurs in B. Barberiz, Harv.

5. B. tuberosum (R. Br. in Bot. Mag. t. 2343 excl. syn.) ; tuber

flattened, 14-2 in. in diam., producing 1 or more sparingly branched

stems 3-4 in. high, or taller under cultivation, pubescent ; leaves

spreading, 3-1} in. long, 2-6 lin. broad, mostly linear or linear-

lanceolate, the lower sometimes larger and ovate or oblong, acute or

subobtuse, tapering into a short petiole at the base, more or less

longitudinally folded, puberulous on the under surface, glabrous

above, minutely ciliate ; flowers 2-4 together at the nodes ; pedicels

2-3 lin. long, puberulous; sepals about 1 lin. long, lanceolate,

acuminate, puberulous; corolla about ? in. in diam., glabrous and

green speckled with purple-brown outside, inner face dark purple-

brown on the lobes, yellow with transverse purple-brown lines in

the campanulate tube, which appears to be 2-3 lin. long, and as

much .in diam. ; lobes free, } in. long, very spreading or slightly

reflexed, tapering from the base to the acute apex, with revolute

margins, ciliate with rather long hairs at the base ; corona-lobes

triangular, conniving at the points. Bot. Reg. t. 722; Fl. des

Serres, iv. t. 340; Geel, Sert. Bot. ii. t. 7; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 842;

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 125, fig. 16; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 887 ; Decne

in DC. Prodr. viii. 646 partly ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 292.

Soura Arrica : without locality, ex Sims.

This plant was probably introduced by Bowie, as there is a drawing of it at Kew,

made in Sept. 1825 from a plant brought from the Cape by him in 1823. No

dried specimen of it seems to have been preserved. I have, however, seen 3

specimens which much resemble the figure in the Botanical Magazine. One of

them distinctly differs in being quite destitute of cilia, this I have described as

B. decipiens, “ Another at the British Museum, labelled ‘ Huernia, India” from

Nuttall’s Herbarium, agrees with the figure except as to the cilia, these appear to

have fallen off, as here and there I notice a long deciduous and probably vibratile

hair, otherwise the corolla is entirely glabrous; the corona is blackish apparently

of 5 three-toothed lobes opposite the anthers, with the lateral teeth (outer corona)

very short, deltoid, puberulous on the inner face, and the middle’ tooth (inner

corona-lobe) linear, obtuse, very abruptly inflexed upon the backs of the anthers

842 3 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Brachystelma.

and about as long as them. This may be the true plant, but all the figures appear

to represent the cilia as simple fixed (not vibratile) hairs. The third specimen is

from a plant cultivated at Kew in Sept. 1861, this differs as follows :—Leaves 4-3

in. long, 1 lin. broad; corolla as in the figure of B. tuberosum in size, form and

colour, but covered with long white (or pale purple ?) hairs within the upper part

of the tube, and probably ciliate with them at the base of the lobes, but of this

latter point I am not certain ; the corona is pressed out of shape, but appears to:

have been very similar to that of the British Museum specimen above described.

This plant is probably the B. tuberosum of K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl,

Phlanzenfam. iv. ii, 268, which is scarcely that of R. Br., as neither of the original

drawings (preserved at Kew) of B. tuberosum nor their reproductions show any

trace of hairs within the corolla-tube, but it cannot be definitely determined.

6. B. decipiens (N. E. Br.) ; stem solitary? simple or slightly

branched, densely puberulous with spreading or deflexed hairs ;

leaves spreading, about 1 in. long, 1-2 lin. broad, linear or linear-

lanceolate, subacute, tapering at the base into a very short petiole,

apparently longitudinally folded, somewhat harshly puberulous on

the under surface, glabrous above, minutely ciliate ; flowers 2—4

together at the nodes ; pedicels 2-24 lin. long, puberulous ; corolla

glabrous outside and within, dark purple-brown on the lobes, with

their base and inside of the tube yellow, marked with transverse

purple-brown lines; tube about 14 lin. long, campanulate ; lobes

free, very spreading, about 34 lin. long, 14 lin. broad at the base,

linear-lanceolate, acute, not ciliate; outer corona probably of

5 pocket-like bifid lobes, puberulous on the inner face, but in the

dried flowers the outer and inner corona are apparently combined in

1 series of 5 dark purple-brown lobes, with their basal part } lin.

long and 3 lin. broad, transversely rectangular with square obtuse

shoulders, truncately contracted at the top into a linear obtuse

middle tooth (really the inner corona-lobe) } lin. long, incumbent

upon the backs of the anthers and not exceeding them.

Coast Recon: Albany Div. ; near Grahamstown, Bolton !

In general appearance this much resembles the figure of B. tuberosum in Bot.

Mag. t. 2343, but the corolla is entirely destitute of cilia (which I have sought for

in vain in unopened buds), the corolla-lobes appear to be more linear in form, and

the corona-lobes are not triangular as described for B. tuberosum.

The Kew Herbarium contains a specimen collected at Grahamstown (Glass, 654),

which seems closely related to B. decipiens, bat has rather broader and more acute

leaves, a rather larger corolla (which appears to be of a uniform colour), and the

inner corona-lobes are subulate and much longer than the anthers. As there

is but one flower upon the specimen I hesitate to describe it. There 1s

also at Kew a drawing of a plant introduced by Bowie in 1828, which is likewise

nearly related to B. decipiens, differing in its oblong leaves, 3-3 in. broad, and the

lobes of the drooping corolla 5 lin. long, suberect, not spreading and at least

3 times as long as the tube. I have not seen a specimen like it.

7. B. meyerianum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 14) ;

plant dwarf, branching at the base, with several stems 14-7 in-

high, puberulous on the upper part; leaves spreading ; petiole

4-2 lin. long; blade 4~1 in. long, 3-5 lin. broad, linear-lanceolate

to elliptic, acute or obtuse, cuneate at the base, varying tech rete ;

Brachystelma. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 843

harshly puberulous to glabrous ; flowers solitary or 2-4 together,

subaxillary ; pedicels 14-2} lin. long, minutely scabrous-pubescent ;

sepals 14-14 lin. long, }-3 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, minutely

pubescent to glabrous ; corolla-tube about 3 lin. long and 2} lin. in

diam., campanulate, glabrous and “ greyish-green ” (Schlechter) out-

side, hairy within at the upper part, but when wetted the hairs

become invisible; lobes free, 24-3 lin. long, 1} lin. broad at the

base, thence gradually tapering to an obtuse point, apparently with

more or less reflexed margins, ciliate with long white hairs and

sometimes hairy on the basal part, apparently greenish ; corona in

dried flowers apparently of 5 transversely rectangular lobes 4 lin.

long, 3 lin. broad (the outer corona, which is probably cupular in the

living flowers), puberulous or pubescent on the inner face (always),

with a central linear obtuse point (the inner corona-lobe) { lin.

long, connivent over the ? lin.-long staminal column. Schlechter in

Journ. Bot. 1897, 293. B. tuberosum, E. Meyer, Comm. 195, as to

description and the Katberg plant, the other quoted having no flowers,

not of R. Br. ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 646 partly ; B. caffrum,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 13, not of N. E. Br.

Coast Recron: Stockenstrom Div.; Kat Berg, ex £. Meyer, ‘between Kat

(River) and Klipplaat River” on the original label, Drege, 3439! King Williams-

town Div. ; Mount Coke, 1500 ft., Sim, 1508! Div. ?; Kaffrarian Mountains,

Mrs. Barber, 37!

The specimen collected by Drége between Kuga (Coega) River and Sunday

River and quoted by E. Meyer for this species, is in fruit only and undeterminable,

_ but appears to be quite distinct from B. meyerianum.

8. B. Thunbergii (N. E. Br.) ; plant 2-34 in. high, branching at

the base; stems pubescent or puberulous ; leaves 4-1} in. long,

1-6 lin. broad, linear, lanceolate or elliptic, acute or obtuse,

cuneate at the base, flat or undulated, ciliolate and thinly

pubescent to nearly glabrous on both sides with minute spreading

hairs, which are most abundant on the midrib beneath ; petiole

es lin. long; blade 3-1 in. long, 4-6 lin. broad ; flowers in

ascicles of 2-8 or solitary at the nodes ; pedicels 1-4 lin. long,

puberulous ; sepals 1-13 lin. long, } lin. broad, linear-lanceolate,

acuminate, thinly puberulous or pubescent ; corolla-tube 14-2 lin.

long, 14-25 lin. in diam. at the mouth, campanulate, with a minute

projecting tubercle or point at each sinus, glabrous outside, thinly

pubescent on the upper part within, white ; lobes free, 2-3 lin.

long, linear from the ovate-deltoid 1-1} lin.-broad base, replicate,

erect or very slightly spreading, straight, hooked at the apex, thinly

pubescent at the very base within, otherwise glabrous and not

ciliate, “ greenish at the base, passing upwards to brownish or tawny

yellow” (Bolus), drying olive-brown or blackish-brown ; outer

corona cup-like, much shorter than the staminal column, 10-toothed ;

teeth 1 lin, long, deltoid, acute, erect, straight, glabrous, apparently

white ; inner corona-lobes } lin. long, linear, obtuse, closely incum-

844 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Brachystelma.

bent on the backs of the anthers and shorter than or not exceeding

them, dorsally connected with the outer corona, glabrous, apparently

white ; staminal column 2 lin. long. Cynanchum crispum, Thunb.

Prodr. 46; Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 158, and ed. Schultes, 236, and in Weber

and Mohr, Archiv. 1804, i. 29; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1253; Pers. Syn.

Pl. i. 272 ; Poir. Encycl. Suppl. ii. 430 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 106 ;

Spreng. Syst. i. 852; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 154; Dietr. Syn. Fi.

ii. 904, not of Jacquin.

Coast Reaton: Malmesbury Div.; Zwartland, Thunberg! Caledon Div. ;

Genadendal, Prior (Alexander)! Riversdale Div. ; Tygerfontein, 500 ft., Galpin,

4332! hills near Riversdale, 300 ft., Bolus, 11201!

Partly described from fresh flowers in fluid. This may be the same as

B. schonlandianum, Schlechter. In many points the description agrees, but the

corolla-lobes of that species are stated to be only 1 lin. long and glabrous, it may

a been described from a starved specimen, but the description is insufficient to

ecide.

9. B. schonlandianum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl.

45,35) ; plant about 13 in. high, erect, branching ; branches pilose ;

leaves 34-5 lin. long, 1-2 lin. broad at the middle, lanceolate, acute,

tapering into the petiole at the base, subglabrous; flowers 2-4

together at the nodes ; pedicels 14 lin. long, pilose; sepals } lin.

long, linear-lanceolate, acute, very shortly pilose; corolla-tube

1} lin. long, 1 lin. in diam. at the top, campanulate, glabrous ;

lobes free, 1 lin. long, lanceolate, tapering to an obtuse apex,

glabrous; corona cupular, with the lobes 3-toothed at the apex ;

lateral teeth short, acute ; middle tooth (really an inner corona-

lobe) produced, incurved at the obtuse apex. Schlechter in Journ.

Bot. 1897, 292.

Coast Recrion : Uitenhage Div. ; dry stony places in a valley near Uitenhage,

520 ft., Schlechter, 2585. " : SSE

10, B. prelongum (8. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1902, 384); plant

(exclusive of the tuber) about 3 in. high, branching ; branches

shortly pubescent ; leaves 5-6 lin. long, slender, subterete from the

margins being infolded, acute, } lin. in diam., glabrous on the inner

(upper) surface, pubescent on the outer (under) surface ; flowers in

pairs or solitary, lateral at the nodes; pedicels 14-2 in. long,

slender, shortly pubescent ; sepals 1} lin. long, lanceolate, acumi-

nate, pubescent ; corolla-tube 1 lin. long, cup-shaped, apparently

slightly 5-ribbed, with some very minute hairs along the ribs

outside, otherwise glabrous, apparently pale greenish ; lobes free,

recurved or reflexed from their base, 24 lin. long, linear from a

1 lin.-broad base, replicate, glabrous on both sides, not ciliate,

apparently blackish ; outer corona-lobes arising about % lin. up the

staminal column and scarcely attaining to the level of its top, lin.

long, divided into 2 widely diverging falcately deltoid acute teeth,

minutely puberulous on the back and inner face as is also the

Brachystelma. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 845

staminal column below them; inner corona-lobes } lin. long, linear,

obtuse, closely incumbent upon the backs of the anthers and not

exceeding them.

KaLAHARI ReGIon: Orange River Colony; near Vredefort Road, Barrett

Hamilton ! ;

Described from the type inthe British Museum, In some particulars the above

description does not agree with that originally published by Mr. Moore, but he has

kindly re-examined the specimen with me and agrees that the above is correct.

His original statement that both sides of the corolla-lobes are pilose, he believes

to have been written in error for corona-lobes,

11. B. Arnotii (Baker in Ref. Bot. i. t. 9, by error Arnottii) ;

tuber flattened about 24 in. in diam., producing 1 or more erect

simple or branching stems about 3 (4-6, Baker) in. high, puberulous

with minute deflexed hairs; leaves (including the petiole) 4—} in.

long, 1—2 lin. broad, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, tapering

into a distinct petiole at the base (not “ nearly sessile” as originally

described), longitudinally folded, with wavy margins, glabrous above,

densely greyish-puberulous beneath ; flowers 2—4 together, lateral at

the nodes, developing successively ; pedicels 24—3 lin. long, puberulous ;

sepals 3 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, puberulous; corolla small,

reflexed from the very base, but in flowers withered before being

dried, falsely. appearing to have erectly-spreading lobes and a saucer-

shaped tube, puberulous on the back, glabrous on the inner face,

dark-purple-brown, with a green tubercle-like thickening at the tips

of the lobes, which are free, scarcely 1 lin. long, } lin. broad, ovate

or ovate-lanceolate, acute ; outer corona of 5 erect lobes alternating

with the anthers, arising } lin. up the staminal column and attaining

to the same level, } lin. long, linear, shortly bifid at the apex, with

the segments diverging, greenish; inner corona-lobes minute,

reduced to transverse greenish cushion-like thickenings at the base

of and about 4 as long as the yellow anthers. Decaceras Arnoldi,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 26 in note. D. Arnoittii,

K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 267, fig. 78;

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 292. Anistoma Arnottii, Benth. and

Hook. f. ex Ind. Kew. i. 139.

Centra ReEGrion : Colesberg Div. ; near Colesberg (cultivated specimen) Arnot

(not Arnott) !

12. B. Huttoni (N. E. Br.) ; rootstock not seen ; stem 2-3 in. (or

more?) high, simple or branched, zigzag on the flowering part,

minutely puberulous ; leaves spreading and in the specimens seen

more or less tortuous and often revolute at the tips, about } in. long,

4-4 lin. broad, linear or linear-filiform, acute, with revolute margins,

glabrous or with a few very minute hairs, chiefly on the mid-rib and

margins beneath ; flowers in fascicles of 2-7, lateral at the nodes

and terminal; pedicels }—} in. long, minutely puberulous ; sepals

}+1 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, minutely puberulous at the very

846 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Brachystelma.

base, nearly or quite glabrous elsewhere ; corolla rotate, entirely

glabrous and not ciliate, yellow according to Hutton, but the dried

flowers appear to be dark purple-brown with the very small tube

yellowish ; tube } lin. long, 1 lin. broad, cup-like ; lobes free, widely

spreading, 14 lin. long, not quite 1 lin. broad, linear or oblong-

linear, shortly acute, with reflexed margins; outer corona cup-

shaped, with 5 pairs of erect linear obtuse teeth } lin. long,

overtopping the staminal column, glabrous, apparently yellow, with

darker (green?) tips to the teeth ; inner corona-lobes scarcely 4 lin.

long, linear, obtuse, closely incumbent on the backs of the anthers

and not exceeding them, with a partition at their base dorsally

connecting them with the outer corona, apparently yellow. Decaceras

Huttoni, Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 9, t. 114, and Gen. South Afr. Pl. ed. 2,

242; K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam, iv. ii. 267 ;

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 291.

Coast Reaion : Albany Div. ; Bothas Hill, near Grahamstown, Hutton, 3!

The specimen figured by Harvey is much dwarfer than those at Kew. The

‘minutely bidentulate’’ interspaces between the pairs of corona-teeth I have

observed in one flower, but think it due to the tissue having been torn.

13. B. flavidum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xl. 94); tuber

depressed, up to 13 in. in diam. ; stems several (?), branching, about

2 in. high, slender, puberulous, laxly leafy ; leaves erectly spreading,

not fully developed at the time of flowering, subsessile, up to 7} lin.

long, 14-2 lin. broad, lanceolate-elliptic, acute, subglabrous ; flowers

few together in fascicles at the nodes; pedicels 2 lin. long, filiform,

puberulous; sepals scarcely 14 lin. ‘long, lanceolate, acuminate,

puberulous ; corolla 24 lin. long, lobed to % of the way down,

entirely glabrous, yellowish ; lobes free, spreading, long-acuminate

from an ovate base ; corona-lobes connate high up, 3-lobed, with the

lateral lobes minute, ciliate, and the middle lobe larger, ligulate,

obtuse, incurved, glabrous.

Eastern Region: Natal; Alexandra County, at Fairfield, 2200 ft.,

Rudatis, 68.

Said to be allied to B. caffrum, N. E. Br., and B. pulchellum, Schlechter, but

distinguished by its more pointed corolla-lobes and different corona.

14. B. caffrum (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1894, xvi. 62); tuber

depressed-globose, with a long neck, dividing into numerous pro-

cumbent branching minutely scaberulous stems 2—5 in. long ; leaves

2-8 lin. long, including the very short petiole, }-4} lin. broad,

mostly ovate or the upper lanceolate and some of the basal orbicular-

ovate, acute, rather thick, glabrous, minutely and stiffly ciliate, with

the midrib beneath scaberulous, more rarely with the undersurface

slightly scaberulous ; flowers solitary or rarely in pairs at the nodes ;

pedicels 4-1} in. long, slender, erect, scaberulous ; sepals 3-1 lin.

Brachystelma. | ASCLEPIADER (Brown). 847

long, lanceolate, acute, sparsely scaberulous ; corolla rotate, lobed

to about 3 of the way down, 4-} in. in diam., fleshy, bright clear

yellow, without a distinct tube; lobes free, 14-2} lin. long,

1-1} lin. broad, ovate (triangular in dried flowers), acute, flat,

glabrous, with minutely ciliolate margins ; outer corona-lobes very

short, closely contiguous, forming a thick fleshy truncate ring not

exceeding the staminal column, from which the linear obtuse inner

corona-lobes ave inflexed upon the backs of the anthers and do not

exceed them, all yellow ; staminal column ? lin. long ; follicles erect,

subparallel or slightly diverging, about 1} in. long, } in. thick,

terete, tapering into a long beak, smooth, glabrous ; seeds about

} in. long, 1 lin. broad, narrowly ovate or ovate-lanceolate, some-

what concave on one side, smooth, glabrous, light brown, with an

ochraceous margin ; odour disagreeable. Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1897, 292. Tapeinostelma caffrum, Schlechter in Verhandl. Bot. Ver.

Brand. xxxv. 54; K. Schwm. in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

iv. ii. 267.

Coast Recron: King Williamstown Div. ; abundant on rocky ground on a

mountain at Perie, 4000-5000 ft., Sim, 315! and cultivated specimen !

Described from a living plant which flowered at Kew in July, 1894,

15. B. pulchellum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 53) ;

rootstock a small tuber, with 1 or more stems, divided at the base

into 2 or more prostrate branches 3-9 in. long, which are simple or

again branching, puberulous with very minute retrorse hairs to

nearly glabrous ; leaves spreading ; petiole 4-2 lin. long ; blade 13-8

lin. long, 3-7 lin. broad, mostly lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acute,

tapering into the petiole at the base, under cultivation becoming

broadly ovate or orbicular, acute or obtuse and apiculate, and

rounded to subcordate at the base, thinly puberulous above or

glabrous on both sides ; flowers solitary or in pairs at the nodes, or

occasionally in shortly pedunculate 2-flowered umbels ; pedicels 1}-

34 lin. long, thinly puberulous ; sepals 1 lin. long, lanceolate,

acuminate, recurved at the tips, nearly glabrous ; corolla rotate,

about 34 lin. in diam. when fresh, quite glabrous and not ciliate,

dark purple-brown, with transverse dull yellowish lines on the basal

part of the lobes, usually invisible on dried specimens ; united part

nearly flat ; lobes free, 14-1} lin. long, j lin. broad, ovate, acute ;

outer corona of 5 small pouches alternating with and below the

anthers, dark purple-brown ; inner corona-lobes } lin. long, linear, —

closely incumbent upon the backs of the anthers and not exceeding

them, dark purple-brown ; staminal column } lin. long. Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1897, 293. Micraster pulchellus, Harv. Gen. South

Afr. Pl. ed. 2, 242.

Eastern Recron: Natal; on stony ground, near Bothas Hill, 2200 ft., Wood,

4536! fissures of rocks near Krantz Kloof, Schlechter, 3178 (ex Schlechter), and

without precise locality, MceKen, 2! Sanderson, 342! and cultivated specimen !

848 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Brachystelma.

16. B. nanum (N. E. Br.) ; rootstock not seen; plant 2-3 (2?-

43, Schlechter) in. high,‘ branching ; branches covered with exceed-

ingly minute recurved hairs, apparently reddish-brown ; leaves

spreading or ascending, 34-9 lin. long, 4-1 (1-2, Schlechter) lin.

broad, linear (linear-elliptic or linear-lanceolate, Schlechter), acute,

tapering into the petiole, flat or slightly convex above, with revolute

or thickened (sometimes slightly crisped, Schlechter) margins and a

prominent midrib beneath, sometimes recurved or revolute at the

tips, occasionally twisted, glabrous, with a sparse ciliation of very

minute adpressed hairs on the margins; flowers in pairs (1-3,

Schlechter) at the nodes, very small; pedicels }-1} lin. long, with

minute hairs, as on the stems; sepals about 4 lin. long, lanceolate,

acuminate, glabrous (puberulous, sparsely ciliate, Schlechter) ; corolla-

tube about 4 lin. long, cup-shaped; lobes free, campanulately

spreading, about 14 lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad at the base, thence

gradually tapering to the acute apex or in some flowers ovate or

ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, apparently thickened and incurved-

hooked at the tips, below which the margins are inflexed, forming a

slight constriction, glabrous on both sides, not ciliate, apparently

pinkish or pale purplish with darker tips ; outer corona-lobes arising

4 lin. up the staminal column and much overtopping (or perhaps

incurved over) it, }-} lin. long, divided nearly to the base into

2 slender linear-subulate acute or obtuse segments, which are

adnate in pairs at the base to the inner corona-lobes, puberulous

on the basal part of the inner face with very minute flattened

adpressed white hairs, not visible when wetted (glabrous, Schlechter) ;

inner corona-lobes about } lin. long, slenderly linear, incumbent

upon the backs of the anthers and exceeding them, with erect

or recurving tips (incurved at the apex, Schlechter), glabrous ;

staminal column } lin. long; follicles divergent-erect, 1}—2 in.

long, 1} lin. thick, linear-terete, tapering at the base and into a

beak at the apex, smooth, glabrous ; seeds } in. long, 1 lin. broad,

linear-oblong with the margins much inflexed on one side, broadly

margined, smooth, dark brown, with a tuft of rather short

hairs at the apex. Lasiostelma nanum, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb.

Xxxvill. 37.

Kaanarr Recron: Orange River Colony (not Transvaal, as originally stated) ;

on stony ground near Rhenoster Kop, Zeyher, 509 (ex Schlechter), Burke, 509!

and probably from the same locality, Zeyher, 1139!

In this case, as in that of Fockea angustifolia, K. Schum., Zeyher appears to

have distributed the plant under the same number as Burke, as well as under a

number of his own. I have not seen Zeyher’s 509, from which Dr. Schlechter

described, but so far as it goes, with the exception of the few discrepancies placed

in brackets, his description quite agrees with Burke's plant, and I have no doubt

of their identity. B, nanum is exceedingly like B. occidentale in appearance. It

distinctly differs, however, in its leaves being slightly broader and having a con-

spicuous and prominent midrib beneath, whilst in B. occidentale there 18 no

_ evident midrib, the outer corona-lobes are also puberulous within and the inner

corona-lobes have erect tips. Living plants may exhibit other distinctive

a ;

Brachystelma. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 849

17. B. occidentale (Schlechter in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb.

xxxv. 53) ; tuber subglobose ; plant about 3 in. high, branching at the

base ; stems erect, slender, covered with very minute often recurved

hairs, slightly rough to the touch; leaves ascending or spreading,

3-7 lin. long, about } lin. broad, linear, acute, tapering at the base,

apparently somewhat fleshy and on the dried specimen often more

or less twisted, flat on the upper side, slightly convex but without

a distinct midrib on the back, with a very minute adpressed

ciliation, otherwise glabrous; flowers usually in pairs, sometimes

solitary, lateral at the nodes or subaxillary ; pedicels 2-3 lin. long,

slender, covered with exceedingly minute somewhat adpressed hairs,

and having two small lanceolate acute bracts about } lin. long at

their base ; sepals $—3 lin. long, lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ;

corolla-tube scarcely $ lin. long, cup-shaped ; lobes free, campanu-

lately spreading or suberect, about 1 lin. long, 4 lin. broad at the

base, oblong-lanceolate, acute, with the margins at the middle

incurved and the apex much thickened and incurved-hooked,

glabrous on both sides and not ciliate, “ yellowish-white dotted with

wine-red on the inner surface” (Schlechter); outer corona-lobes

arising about } lin. up the staminal column and much overtopping

it, 2 lin. long, divided into 2 linear obtuse incurved segments, which

are adnate in pairs at the base to the inner corona-lobes, glabrous ;

inner corona-lobes } lin. long, linear, obtuse, closely incumbent upon

the backs of the anthers and scarcely exceeding them, glabrous.

Brachystelmaria occidentalis, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 293.

Lasiostelma occidentale, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 38 in

note.

Coast Recion: Cape Div.; stony places on a mountain near Smitswinkel Bay,

300 ft., very rare, only one plant seen, Schlechter, 666 !

Described from a branch and flowers from the type specimen in the Herbaria

of Prof. Hans Schinz and Dr. Bolus, but I do not find either the stem, pedicels or

calyx to be ‘‘ pilose” as described by Dr. Schlechter, the hairs are exceedingly

minute, and there are none on the sepals, except just at their very base.

18. B. schizoglossoides (N. E. Br.) ; roots fascicled, thick, fleshy,

long and narrowly fusiform ; stem solitary, simple, 4-8 in. high,

glabrous, naked at the basal part, leafy above ; leaves ascending,

4-13 in. long, 1-1} lin. broad, linear, acute, tapering at the base,

glabrous ; flowers 1-3 together in fascicles or very shortly pedun-

culate umbels lateral at the nodes or rarely axillary ; peduncles

0-3 lin. long, glabrous; pedicels 1-2 lin. long, glabrous ; sepals 3—}

lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, recurved at the tips, glabrous ;

corolla lobed to 2 of the way down, green (Mrs. Barber); tube

much shorter than the staminal column, saucer-shaped ; lobes free,

campanulately spreading, with incurved tips, 3—? lin. long and the

same in breadth at the base, broadly ovate, shortly cuspidate-acute,

bordered with minute very thick or subclavate weakly attached

hairs at the tips on the inner face, otherwise glabrous ; outer corona-

lobes arising }—} lin. up the staminal column, opposite and adnate

VOL. IV.—SECT. I.—PART V. 31

‘

850 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Brachystelma.

to the base of the inner corona-lobes, } lin. long, oblong, bifid to 4

or half way down, with linear obtuse segments, very hairy ; inner

corona-lobes }—} lin. long, linear, acute, incumbent upon the backs

of the anthers at the base, with connivent-erect tips, glabrous ;

staminal column about } lin. long. Sisyranthus schizoglossoides,

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1894, 357, and 1897, 291.

Coast Recion: Albany Div.; near Grahamstown, Glass (ex Schlechter) ;

Highlands above New Years River (Zwartwater Berg 2), Mrs. Barber, 117!

Bathurst Div. ; Round Hill, Bolus, 6694 !

Described from part of the type.

19. B. natalense (N. E. Br.); roots thick, fleshy, spindle-shaped

(Schlechter) ; stem solitary, simple or with 1 branch, }—? ft. high,

3-2 lin. thick at the base, with a spreading not very soft pubescence,

leafy ; leaves very shortly petiolate, spreading, 1-2} in. long, 2-13

in. broad, or the upper smaller, ovate to orbicular-ovate, acute or

obtuse and apiculate, slightly cordate to broadly rounded at the

B-nerved base, pilose on both sides, shortly and densely ciliate ;

flowers 2—4 together, lateral at the nodes, and more or less clustered

at the apex of the stem by the crowding of the leaves, the inter-

nodes afterwards elongating ; pedicels 44-10 lin. long, slender, often

curved at the apex, villous-pubescent ; sepals 1-1} lin. long, lanceo-

late, acuminate, pubescent like the pedicels ; corolla nodding, very

small, about 2-24 lin. in diam., lobed to 3 of the way down, with

the united part shallowly cup-shaped ; lobes free, apparently cam-

panulately spreading, 1 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate,

tapering to an obtuse or minutely emarginate apex, glabrous on

both sides or with a very few hairs on the back, apparently dull

greenish ; outer corona-lobes arising } lin. up the staminal column,

ascending, minute, about } lin. long and broad, very broadly or

subquadrately ovate, shortly bifid, with obtuse teeth ; inner corona-

lobes erect, much shorter than the anthers, slightly overtopping and

nearly or about as large as the outer corona-lobes, of similar shape, but

entire at the rounded apex, glabrous ; staminal column 4 lin. long ;

follicles solitary or in pairs, erect, about 6 in. long and 4 in. thick,

linear-terete, tapering to an acute apex, smooth, glabrous ; seeds

about 5 lin. long and 2 lin. broad, oblong, tapering at the apex,

concave on one side, margined, glabrous, brown. Aulostephanus

natalensis, Schlechter in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. 451.

Eastern Recon: Natal ; Inanda, 1700 ft., Wood, 410!

Dr. Schlechter also quotes Wood 176 for this plant, but that number, as sent

to Kew, belongs to a species of Senecio, I find nothing in the structure of this

plant to gener‘cally distinguish it from Brachystelma.

20. B. Sandersoni (N. E. Br.); rootstock a cluster of long fleshy

terete or narrowly fusiform roots; stem erect, 8-18 in. high,

1-1} lin. thick at the base, simple or branching above the middle,

Brachystelma. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 851

rather leafy on the upper half, naked below, glabrous; leaves

ascending, very shortly petiolate, subcoriaceous, }—-1} in. long,

1-1 in. broad, linear, oblong, ovate-oblong or elliptic-oblong, acute

or obtuse, rounded or subcuneate at the base, scabrous on the

midrib beneath and usually minutely and stiffly ciliate or slightly

scabrous on the margins, otherwise glabrous; flowers in axillary

fascicles of 2-6 or occasionally solitary ; pedicels 1-3 lin. long,

apparently angular, glabrous; sepals 1 lin. long, lanceolate, acute,

glabrous ; corolla-tube very much shorter than the staminal column,

3-1 lin. deep, saucer-shaped; lobes free, erect or but slightly

spreading, 14-2 lin. long, 1 lin. broad at the base, ovate or oblong,

shortly acute, with the sides folded back, forming 'a keel down the:

inner face, glabrous on both sides, ciliate with minute thick hairs,.

white, tipped with pink or light purple; outer corona divided into

10 erect teeth arising } lin. up the staminal column and scarcely

overtopping it, about } lin. long, narrowly deltoid-lanceolate, or

linear, acute, ciliate and usually covered on the back with minute

thick or papilla-like hairs, and on the inner face with a finer and

more minute pubescence, white; inner corona-lobes }—} lin. long,

oblong or oblong-linear, obtuse, very minutely puberulous at the

base, glabrous above, incumbent upon the backs of the anthers and

equalling or shortly exceeding them, white ; staminal column 3-3

lin. long. Lasiostelma Sandersoni, Oliver in Hook. Ic. Pl. xv. 39,

t. 1449; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 487, and 1899, 62. L.

Benthamii, K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl, Pfanzenfam. iv. ii. 297.

Dichzlia natalensis, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 35.

Brachystelmaria natalensis, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51,

50, and Journ. Bot. 1897, 293.

Eastern Reaion : Natal ; Tugela, Gerrard, 1805! Wentworth Bluff, Sanderson,

436 partly! Verulam, Wood, 1161! Clairmont, near Durban, Wood, 3906!

and in Herb. Natal, 713! and without precise locality, Gueinzius! Sanderson,

915!

Dr. Schlechter has described Dichelia natalensis as having the corolla ‘‘ very

shortly pilose outside” and the ‘‘ corona narrowed at the base, then dilated into a.

cupuliform tube, with the 5 outer lobes dilated from a narrow base, deeply bifid,

with erect linear somewhat acute glabrous partitions." I have examined a part of

the type of D. natalensis (Wood, 3906) and find it identical with the other

specimens quoted and as I have described above.

21. B. Gerrardi (Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 61, t. 196); stem }-2} ft.

high, simple or branching in the upper part, 1-2 lin. thick at the:

base, with a short spreading pubescence, leafy ; leaves numerous,.

shortly petiolate, more or less spreading, {-1? in. long, 4-1} in.

broad, ovate, ovate-oblong or the lower often suborbicular, obtuse:

or acute, or rounded and apiculate at the apex, rounded or sub-

cordate at the base, glabrous or thinly pubescent above, pubescent

beneath ; flowers solitary at the nodes at the terminal part of the

stem and branches ; pedicels }-} in. long, pubescent, with 1 or 2

subulate or filiform bracts 2—3 lin. long at their base ; sepals 3-4 lin.

long, filiform-subulate from a short broadly ovate or suborbicular

312

852 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). — [{ Brachystelma.

base, pubescent ; corolla-tube about as long as the staminal column,

apparently nearly flat at the base, broadly saucer-shaped and

scarcely 1 lin. deep, glabrous, spotted with very dark green or

blackish, or entirely blackish outside and within in dried flowers ;

lobes free, apparently incurved at the base then abruptly turned

back and widely spreading, or in some dried flowers suberect, 4—7

lin. long, 14-2 lin. broad at the base and nearly as broad in the

upper part, narrowly oblong, acute or abruptly acute at the apex,

constricted about 1 lin. above the base, where they recurve, with

the margins apparently slightly reflexed, glabrous and apparently

whitish or pale greenish outside, very minutely puberulous (glabrous

to the naked eye) and “ bright metallic green” (Wood) on the inner

face, ciliate at the base with long vibratile stout simple purple

hairs ; outer corona-lobes arising }-} lin. up the staminal column,

ascending-spreading, 1-2 lin. long, linear-oblong, bifid at the apex,

puberulous on both sides, with the hairs at the tips rather longer

than the rest; inner corona-lobes 2-24 lin. long, connivent-erect,

linear, tapering to an obtuse apex, blackish, glabrous above, puberu-

lous at the base, as is also the ? lin.-long staminal column below the

corona. Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 781. Dichexlia Gerrardi,

Harv. Gen. 8S. Afr. Pl. ed. 2, 241. Brachystelmaria Gerrardi,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 50, and Journ. Bot. 1897,

293; K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 268.

Lasiostelma Gerrardi, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1899, 62.

Eastern Recion: Natal ; Emyati, Gerrard, 1318! at or near Krans Kop,

McKen, 18! Inanda, Wood, 455! 1607 ! and in Herb. Natal, 439!

According to Gerrard the flowers are ‘‘dark green, approaching black, velvety

above, pale yellow below.’ The outer corona-lobes are not so deeply divided as

represented by Harvey. Gardenia Thunbergii has also been distributed by

Mr. Wood under no. 439.

22. B. macropetalum (N. E. Br.); rootstock not seen nor

described ; stem #-2 ft. high, 1-2 lin. thick at the base, erect,

simple, softly pubescent, leafy ; leaves ascending, sho ..y petiolate,

$~14 in. long, 4-11 in. broad, ovate, acute, rounded to subcordate at

the base, pubescent on both sides, but more densely beneath ;

flowers solitary, lateral at the nodes; pedicels 3-1 in. long, softly

pubescent, bearing a petiolate lanceolate or linear-lanceolate acute

leaf-like bract 1-4 lin. long at their base ; sepals ascending-spreading,

4 in. long, 3-1 lin. broad above the middle, linear-spathulate, acute,

densely and softly pubescent ; corolla-tube scarcely any, flattish or

saucer-shaped, about # lin. deep; lobes free, 9-10 lin. long, linear

from a dilated 14-2 lin.-broad base, acute, erectly spreading, pubes-

cent on the back, finely puberulous on the inner face, yellow

(Thorneroft), greenish (Schlechter), brighter within, marked with

reddish or brownish dots, but in the dried specimens apparently

marked on the basal part only with dark green lines and spots or

veining ; outer corona-lobes arising } lin. up the staminal column,

Brachystelma. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 853

erect, rather more than | lin. long, divided to below the middle into

2 diverging linear-subulate segments, with the basal part linear-

oblong or rectangular, puberulous, greenish?; inner corona-lobes

much exceeding the outer corona, connivent-erect, 2-21 lin. long,

spathulate-oblanceolate, convex on the back, flat or slightly concave

on the inner face, thickened at the apex, obtuse, puberulous, dark

violet-brown (Schlechter), blackish in dried specimens ; follicles

solitary or in slightly diverging pairs, 5-5} in. long, 2-2} lin. thick,

linear-terete, acuminate, smooth, glabrous; seeds 4}—5 lin. long,

+ in. broad, oblong, narrowing to the apex, broadly margined,

concave on one side, smooth, glabrous, dark brown, crowned with a

tuft of hairs. Brachystelmaria macropetala, Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 51, and Journ. Bot. 1897, 293. Lasiostelma

macropetalum, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1899, 62.

Katanari Recion: Transvaal ; near Lydenberg, Atherstone! near Barberton,

2900 ft., Thorncroft, 267 (Herb. Wood, 4506)! Elandspruit Mountains, 5300 ft.,

Schlechter, 3869 !

Dr. Schlechter describes the outer corona-lobes as being glabrous, but I find

them to be puberulous in his type (3869) as in the other specimens quoted.

23. B. longifolium (N. E. Br.) ; rootstock not seen nor described ;

stem erect, 34—5 in. high in the specimens seen (6-12 in., Schlechter),

branching above, glabrous or bifariously puberulous, naked below,

leafy above ; leaves more or less spreading, 14~3 in. long, $—2 lin.

broad, linear, acute, narrowed or tapering into the petiole at the

base, scabrous on the midrib beneath and with very minute teeth

on the margins, otherwise glabrous ; flowers 1-2 together at the

nodes ; pedicels 2—4 lin. long, slender, glabrous; sepals 14~2 lin.

long, very spreading, subulate, glabrous ; corolla-tube almost none,

saucer-shaped, scarcely $ lin. deep ; lobes erect, free, 5 lin. long,

about 1 lin. broad, linear-oblong, acute, replicate, ciliate with

minute thick obovoid or clavate purple hairs to half way up along

the inner face, otherwise glabrous on both sides, apparently greenish,

tinted with brown ; outer corona-lobes arising } lin. up the staminal

column, with their subquadrate basal part adnate to it, erect, about

? lin. long, divided to the middle into two linear-attenuate segments,

which falcately curve inwards, with their points turned towards

each other by a slight twist, white, very minutely papillate-ciliate ;

inner corona-lobes 13-1} lin. long, linear, obtuse, connivent-erect,

much overtopping the outer corona, white, glabrous ; staminal

column about # lin. long. Brachystelmaria longifolia, Schlechter in

Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51,50; and Journ. Bot. 1897, 293. Lasio-

stelma longifolivm, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1899, 62.

Katanart Recton: Transvaal; in stony places on the Elandspruit Mountains,

5300 ft., Schlechter, 3873 !

Described from a portion of the type in Herb. Bolus.

854 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). | Brachystelma.

24. B. comptum (N. E. Br.); rootstock a cluster of long thick

fleshy narrowly fusiform roots; stem in the only examples seen

2-3 in. high, simple or very sparingly branched, pubescent ; leaves

in 4-6 pairs, very shortly petiolate, spreading, 5-8 lin. long,

3-5 lin. broad, oblong, elliptic or orbicular-ovate, obtuse, rounded

at the base, thinly pubescent on both sides and more densely on the

midrib and margins with short spreading hairs ; flowers solitary,

lateral at the nodes ; pedicels about } in. long, pubescent ; sepals

1} lin. long, lanceolate-subulate, pubescent ; corolla-tube almost

none, flattish or saucer-shaped, about } lin. deep, glabrous ; lobes

free, erectly spreading, 4~4} lin. long, 1 lin. broad at the base,

linear-oblong, subacute, apparently with slightly incurved margins,

glabrous on both sides, ciliate at about 1 lin. above their base

with a tuft of long jointed subclavate purple hairs, which are

inwardly directed ; outer corona-lobes arising 3 lin. up the staminal

column and overtopping it by half their length, 3—? lin. long, erect,

linear, truncate and very slightly dilated at the entire apex,

minutely puberulous, ciliate with long hairs at the tips, apparently

pale purplish ; inner corona-lobes } lin. long, linear, obtuse, closely

incumbent upon the backs of the anthers and not or scarcely

Seen e them, dark purple-brown ; staminal column nearly 1 lin.

ong.

Coast Rearon : Uitenhage Div. ; karoo-like places on hills by the Zwartkops

River, Zeyher, 9!

The corolla-lobes of the only flower seen are dark-coloured and may have been

either dark purple-brown or blackish-green.

25. B. mafekingense (N. E. Br.); tuber depressed, “about 3 in.

in diam. and 2 in. thick”; stems ‘richly branched from near the

base 4~7 om. (ie. 13-23 in.) above the tuber” (Schénland), only 2

bits 4 in. long seen, puberulous; leaves spreading, 1-2 in. long,

very shortly petiolate, 1-1 in. broad, lanceolate, acute, cuneately

rounded into the petiole at the base, apparently folded longitudinally,

glabrous above, puberulous beneath ; flowers (on the only example

seen) in a terminal 10-12-flowered umbel, sessile between a pair of

leaves, with a short axillary branch beside it ; pedicels } in. long,

puberulous; sepals 1-14 lin. long, narrowly lanceolate, acute,

puberulous ; corolla-tube 2-24 lin. long, 14-1 lin. in diam., obtusely

pentagonal, slightly narrowing upwards, minutely puberulous on the

upper part outside, glabrous within, apparently whitish ; lobes 3-34

lin, long, apparently free, erect, closely replicate and | lin. broad

across the side, slightly obovate-oblong when flattened out, subacute,

minutely puberulous on the back, glabrous and blackish on the inner

face, not ciliate ; outer corona arising at the base of and equalling

the staminal column, consisting of 5 or rarely 6 bifid erect lobes

} lin. long at the back of and adnate to the inner corona-lobes, with

the teeth narrow and not spreading, glabrous, apparently white ;

inner corona-lobes 1 lin. long, linear, obtuse, incumbent at the base

Brachystelma. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 855

on the backs of the anthers, then erect and contiguous in a

column, with the tips free or connate, white.

KabaHart Recton : Bechuanaland ; Mafeking, Green in Herb. Schinland, 1683 !

Described from a small branch preserved in formalin; received from Dr.

Schonland.

96. B. ramosissimum (N. E. Br.); roots 3-5 in. long, } in.

or more thick, fleshy, terete, fascicled ; plant up to about 6

in. high, usually much branched from the base and upwards ;

branches erect, angular, puberulous thinly bifariously and on the

stipulary line; leaves very shortly petiolate or subsessile, }—j in.

long, 1-3 lin. broad, linear-oblong to lanceolate, acute, cuneate at

the base, minutely ciliate and with a few minute curved hairs on

the midrib beneath, otherwise glabrous ; flowers in fascicles of 2-4,

lateral at the nodes; pedicels 14-2 lin. long; sepals spreading,

nearly 1 lin. long, }-} lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ;

corolla about } in. in diam., pale yellow (Schlechter), white (Conrath),

the united part almost flat, not forming a tube, about 1} lin. in

diam.; lobes free, suberect or slightly spreading, 14-2 lin. long,

1 lin. broad at and replicate from the base, ovate-oblong when

flattened out, acute and incurved at the apex, glabrous on both

sides, ciliate near the base with short hairs directed inwards ; outer

corona arising about } lin. up the staminal column, comparatively

rather large, about } lin. long, spreading or somewhat saucer-shaped,

subequally and acutely 10-toothed, or with 5 broad emarginate or

subtruncate lobes opposite the anthers, pubescent on the back and

around the margin on the inner face, shortly ciliate ; inner corona-

lobes scarcely } lin. long, linear, obtuse or occasionally bifid, closely

incumbent upon the backs of the anthers and shorter than them,

not connected to the outer corona by any dorsal projection ; follicles

erect, subparallel, 3-43 in. long, § in. thick, terete, tapering into a

slender beak, smooth, glabrous. Brachystelmaria ramosissima,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 51, and Journ. Bot. 1897,

293. Lasiostelma ramosissimum, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1899, 62.

Kaanart ReGion: Transvaal; near Mooifontein, 5500 ft., Schlechter, 3554 !

near Modderfontein, Conrath, 1006! near the Vaal River Bridge at Vereeniging,

4750 ft., Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6152! Walmaranstad, Burtt Davy, 1531!

27. B. Zeyheri (N. E. Br.); plant 2-5 in. high, branching ;

branches erect or spreading, puberulous ; leaves spreading, 2—6 lin.

long, }-1 lin. broad, linear or linear-lanceolate, obtuse or subacute,

longitudinally folded, glabrous above, puberulous beneath (‘on both

sides,” Schlechter), narrowed into a very short petiole at the base ;

flowers usually in pairs (1-3, Schlechter) at the nodes, small ; pedicels

}-1 lin. long, puberulous ; sepals nearly 1 lin. (} lin., Schlechter)

long, lanceolate, acute, puberulous ; corolla cage-like, lobed nearly

to the base, with the lobes connate at the tips ; united part lin.

long (as long as the sepals, Schlechter), saucer-shaped, glabrous

856 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Brachystelma.

outside and within, green ; lobes 2—2} lin. long, linear or linear-

filiform from a lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate base 4 lin. broad,

perhaps replicate, thinly puberulous on the greenish back, glabrous

or very minutely and sparsely papillate-puberulous and dull purplish

or brownish-purple on the inner face ; outer corona-lobes arising

1 lin. up the staminal column and equalling or slightly exceeding it,

3-1 lin. long, deeply divided (often nearly to the base) into 2 erect

linear parallel or slightly diverging teeth, variable in different

flowers, glabrous ; inner corona-lobes 4—} lin. long, linear or linear-

oblong, obtuse, closely incumbent on the backs of the anthers and

equalling or exceeding them and curved downwards over their tips,

glabrous ; follicles erect, slightly diverging, 2} in. long, about 23 lin.

thick, tapering into a beak, smooth, glabrous ; seeds 3-3} lin. long,

2 lin. broad, ovate or oblong-ovate, smooth and glabrous, dark brown

with a broad pale brown margin. Dichelia Zeyheri, Schlechter in

Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 43.

Coast ReGion : Uitenhage Div. ; near Uitenhage, Zeyher! Witte River Station

(Enon), Gill! stony places near the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 3383 (ex Schlechter).

Zeyher’s plant was quoted by Harvey under B. filiforme, Harv., but is not the

plant he figured and described under that name. According to an excellent

drawing of B. Zeyheri in the Kew Herbarium, made from a plant introduced by

Bowie in 1823, it flowered at Kew in August, 1824.

28. B. filiforme (Harv. Thes. Cap. i. 58, t. 93); tuber flattened,

2-2} in. in diam., with 1 or more stems, branching at the base,

erect, 6-8 in. high, minutely puberulous, with internodes up to 2 in.

long; leaves spreading, sometimes undeveloped at the time of

flowering, 14-6 lin. long, 4-1 lin. broad, linear or narrowly linear-

lanceolate, acute or obtuse, tapering into a short petiole at the base,

longitudinally folded, sometimes undulated at the margins, glabrous

above, minutely puberulous beneath ; flowers 2-6 together at the

nodes or forks of the branches ; pedicels 4-3 lin. long ; sepals 3 lin.

long, lanceolate, acuminate, and like the pedicels puberulous ;

corolla cage-like, lobed nearly to the base, with the lobes connate at

the tips, “‘ brownish-purple” (Mrs. Barber) ; united part flattish or

saucer-shaped, scarcely } lin. long, shorter than the corona, glabrous

outside and within ; lobes 2-2} lin. long, linear-filiform from a

deltoid-ovate base 3 lin. broad, with a few exceedingly minute

papilla-like hairs on the back, otherwise glabrous ; outer corona-

lobes } lin. long, apparently erect and equalling or slightly over-

topping the staminal column, divided to the middle or beyond into

2 subparallel linear or subulate teeth, sparsely ciliate with very

minute or papilla-like hairs ; inner corona-lobes } lin. long, linear or

narrowly deltoid-linear, obtuse, closely incumbent on the backs of

the anthers and exceeding them, with the tips incurved over their

apex, very minutely papillate-puberulous at their base on the back.

Dichzxlia filiformis, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 36,

and Journ. Bot. 1897, 293; K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl,

Brachystelma.]| ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 857

Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 269. D. macra, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb.

XXXvili. 43.

CrenrraL Recion: Cradock Div. ; without precise locality, Mrs. Barber, 2! 88!

Murraysburg Div. ; near Murraysburg, Tyson (ex Schlechter).

Harvey’s figure and description of this plant is made entirely from Mrs. Barber's

specimens. On her label of no. 2, she states that ‘‘it is eaten by the Dutch

inhabitants and much esteemed as a preserve, under the name of ‘ kalkoujes.’”

Zeyher’s specimen, from near Uitenhage, which Harvey quotes under B, filiforme,

belongs to B. Zeyheri, N. E. Br. I have not seen a specimen of Dichexlia macra,

but from the description there seems nothing to distinguish it from B. filiforme,

the only discrepancies I can find are that in D. macra the leaves are “*J-]3 lin.

broad, oblong-lanceolate, puberulous on both sides ; pedicels about 1 lin. long;

united part of corolla 3 lin. long; inner corona-lobes glabrous,” but the minute

puberulence at their base in B. filiforme is almost invisible when moistened for

dissection, and with regard to the leaves, on account of the longitudinal folding of

them, the real upper (infolded) surface may have been overlooked.

29. B. pygmeum (N. E. Br.) ; tuber turnip-shaped (Bowker) ;

stems several, simple or slightly branched, erect, 14-3 in. high,

puberulous ; leaves sometimes undeveloped at the time of flowering,

spreading, 2—6 lin. long, $-24 lin. broad, linear-spathulate, oblanceo-

late or oblong-lanceolate, acute or obtuse, cuneately narrowed into a

short petiole at the base, glabrous on both sides except along the

midrib beneath, minutely ciliate; flowers 1-3 together, lateral at

the nodes ; pedicels 14-4 lin. long, puberulous ; sepals about } lin.

long, linear-lanceolate, acute, puberulous ; corolla usually cage-like,

with the lobes connate at the tips, but sometimes with free and

more or less spreading lobes, and both forms on the same specimen ;

tube about # lin. long, shallowly cup-shaped, glabrous outside,

puberulous within (the hairs more or less invisible when wetted),

apparently yellowish or greenish ; lobes 2-3 lin. long, linear from a

deltoid base, when free varying from nearly straight to circinately

inrolled at the tips, puberulous at the base on the inner face, other-

wise entirely glabrous, apparently olive-green or purple-brown ;

outer corona very variable, even in flowers upon the same branch,

arising 1} lin. up the } lin.long staminal column, consisting of

5 minute entire pouches or 5 distinct lobes, which are sometimes

very minute, at others more distinct and subquadrate, usually

emarginate or shortly bifid, or the lobes are all connate into an

entire narrow ring or cup entirely surrounding the column,

sprinkled on the back and on the column immediately beneath them

with minute but rather thick or papilla-like hairs and sometimes

more or less ciliate with them; inner corona-lobes {—{ lin. long,

linear-oblong, obtuse or notched at the apex, incumbent upon the

backs of the anthers and not exceeding them, much larger than the

outer corona-lobes, glabrous. Dichelia pygmea, Schlechter in Journ.

Bot. 1894, 262, and 1897, 293.

Var. 8, breviflorum (N. E. Br.); leaves undeveloped at the time of flowering ;

tube and base of the 2-24 lin. -long corolla-lobes glabrous on the inner face ; outer

coruna-lobes glabrous or with very few papilla-like hairs beneath, otherwise as in

858 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Brachystelma.

the type. Dichzlia breviflora, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl, 51, 49, and

Journ. Bot. 1897, 294.

Coast Recion: Bedford Div. ; near Bedford, Hutton! British Kaffraria and

Eastern Frontier, Hutton !

Kananart Recron: Var. 6: Transvaal; near the Leper Hospital on the way

to Johannesburg, Conrath, 1009! near Mooifontein, near Heidelberg, Schlechter,

3568, Piet Retief, Burtt Davy, 1913 !

Eastern Recroy : ‘l'ranskei ; near the Bashee River at Fort Bowker, Bowker,

593 ! and without precise locality, Bowker, 247 (Mrs. Barber)!

Dr, Schlechter has considered the Transvaal plant to be specifically distinct from

B. pygmeum, but I find nothing to separate it except the absence of hairs on the

inside of the corolla, and in some specimens of B. pyymzum they are rather

seanty. The leaves of typical B. pygmxum are sometimes as undeveloped at the

time of flowering as they are in var. breviflorum.

30. B. commixtum (N. E. Br.); plant 2-5 in. high, branching ;

branches erect, thinly puberulous with exceedingly minute recurved

hairs ; leaves ascending, 1-1} in. long, $—} lin. broad, linear-

subterete from the margins being infolded so as to meet, acute or

subobtuse, sometimes twisted, obscurely or thinly and very minutely

puberulous to glabrous; flowers in pairs at the nodes ; pedicels

}—} lin. long, very minutely puberulous, as are the } lin.-long ovate

acuminate sepals; corolla cage-like, lobed nearly to the base, with

the lobes connate at the tips, thinly sprinkled with exceedingly

minute papilla-like hairs outside and within or almost glabrous ;

united part about } lin. long, flattish ; lobes about 7 lin. long,

filiform from a 3 lin.-broad base, much contorted in the dried

flowers, dark purple-brown; outer corona-lobes shorter than the

staminal column, about } lin. long, divided nearly to the base into

2 linear-subulate slightly divergent teeth, glabrous ; inner corona-

lobes 4 lin. long, oblong-linear, obtuse, closely incumbent upon the

backs of the anthers and slightly exceeding them, but not erect at

the tips.

Centrat Recion : Aliwal North Div. ; hills near Riet Valley, at the foot of the

Witteberg Range, 5000 ft., Drége, 3440 partly !

This species is mixed with B. circinatwm in E. Meyer’s Herbarium and at Kew !

31. B. circinatum (E. Meyer, Comm. 196); plant 5-6 in. high,

branching; branches erect, densely puberulous with minute

recurved hairs; leaves ascending or suberect from a spreading

base, 24-6 lin. long, linear or linear-subterete from being longitu-

dinally folded or having incurved margins, acute or subobtuse,

\-} lin. broad when folded, puberulous like the stems, with the

upper (infulded) surface glabrous; flowers mostly in pairs at the

nodes ; pedicels 1 (in fruit 2-24) lin. long; sepals about ? lin. long,

lanceolate, acuminate, and like the pedicels minutely puberulous ;

corolla cage-like, lobed nearly to the base, with the lobes connate at

the tips, minutely spreading-puberulous all over outside, glabrous

within ; united part flattish or saucer-shaped, scarcely } lin. deep ;

_ lobes 4-5 lin, long, linear-filiform from a 3 lin.-broad base ; outer

Brachystelma. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown), . 859

corona-lobes shorter than the staminal column, about } lin. long,

deeply divided into 2 subulate slightly divergent teeth, glabrous,

apparently whitish ; inner corona-lobes 4—} lin. long, half as long

as the anthers and resting in a concave channel on their backs,

with a small linear or subulate acute or obtuse point, and a rather

thick dark-coloured fleshy dorsal gibbosity at their base. Dietr.

Syn. Pl. ii. 887, excl. syn. ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 647 ; K. Schum.

in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 268. Dichelia circinata,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 13, and Journ. Bot. 1897,

294. D. Galpinii, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 49, not

elsewhere. D. brachylepis, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 42.

Cenrrat Recion ; Aliwal North Div. ; hills near Riet Valley, at the foot of the

Witteberg Range, 5000 ft., Drége, 3440 partly !

KALaHart Recon : Transvaal ; stony places near Mooifontein, in the vicinity

of Heidelberg, 5500 ft., Schlechter, 3556 !

Two distinct species mixed together have been distributed by Drége and are

present in E, Meyer's Herbarium under the name B. circinatum, both are probably

included in the original description, but I take as the type the larger and more

puberulous plant, because it is the one to which E. Meyer’s label is affixed and of

which he has dissected a flower, although I can find nothing circinate about the

latter. This plant I have dissected side by side with Dichelia brachylepis,

Schlechter, and find them to be identical. The other (B. commixtum, N. E. Br.)

appears to be a smaller plant and is more glabrous, with darker flowers and a

different corona.

32. B. undulatum (N. E. Br.); stem erect, 8-10 in. high,

branching, puberulous, remotely leafy ; leaves much shorter than

the internodes, very shortly petiolate, 3-6 lin. long, 14-3 lin. broad

above the middle, cuneate-ovate, obtuse, with undulate margins ;

flowers 2-4 together at the nodes ; pedicels scarcely as long as the

calyx, hairy; sepals 1 lin. long, linear-lanceolate, acute, pilose ;

corolla cage-like, with the lobes connate at the tips; tube 1} lin.

long, 1 lin. in diam. at the mouth, campanulate, glabrous ; lobes

erect, 7 lin. long, linear-filiform, dilated at the apex, sparsely ciliate ;

outer corona-lobes erect, deeply bifid, with linear subacute segments,

glabrous ; inner corona-lobes slightly exceeding the outer corona,

ovate at the base, narrowed to an obtuse apex, incumbent upon the

backs of the anthers. Dichzlia undulata, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb.

xviii. Beibl. 45, 36, and Journ. Bot. 1897, 293.

Coast Reaion : Uitenhage Div. ; in fissures of rocks at Tzamas, near Uitenhage,

400 ft., Schlechter, 2709.

33. B. Bolusii (N. E. Br.); tuber flattened ; plant 4-6 in. (or

under cultivation up to 1 ft.) high, branching at the base ; branches

puberulous with minute decurved hairs ; leaves 3-6 lin. long, 1-24

lin. broad, spathulately or cuneately elliptic, oblong or obovate,

tapering into a short petiole at the base, obtuse or rounded at the

apex, much undulated on the margins, glabrous above, minutely

puberulous with curved hairs beneath ; flowers in pairs or occasion-

860 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). | Brachystelma.

ally solitary at the nodes; pedicels 1-1} lin. long, puberulous ;

sepals 3—} lin. long, narrowly lanceolate, puberulous ; corolla cage-

like, lobed nearly to the base, with the lobes connate at the tips ;

united part about } lin. long, flattish ; lobes $-3 in. long, narrowly

linear, erect, sparsely covered with minute hairs on the back,

glabrous on the inner face, whitish and dotted with pink on the

basal part, light green above ; outer corona-lobes arising 4 lin. up

the staminal column, } lin. long, bifid to the middle, with slightly

divergent linear-subulate segments, glabrous, whitish, with pale

green tips; inner corona-lobes nearly } lin. long, linear, obtuse,

closely incumbent on the backs of the anthers and slightly exceeding

them, glabrous, light green.

CenTRAL Reaion : Graaff Reinet Div. ; Karoo-like plains near Graaff Reinet,

2500 ft., Bolus, 627! and specimens cultivated in England from the same locality !

34. B. ovatum (Oliver in Ref. Bot. iv. t. 226, by error B. ovata) ;

tuber flattened, up to 5 in. in diam. ; stems several, dichotomously

or trichotomously branched, 2-1 ft. high under cultivation, puberu-

lous with curved hairs; leaves 3-6 lin. long, 14-3 lin. broad,

elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, subacute, narrowed into a short petiole

at the base, glabrous above, puberulous beneath ; flowers solitary

(always?) at the nodes, drooping; pedicels 4-1 lin. long, shortly

pubescent ; sepals 3—} lin. long, lanceolate, acute, shortly pubescent ;

corolla cage-like, subglobose or ellipsoid, subtruncate or depressed

at the top, lobed nearly to the base, with the united part not more

than } lin. long and shorter than the corona; lobes 5-6 lin. long,

linear-filiform, much curved, connate at the tips, more or less

replicate, with a very short spreading pubescence on the back,

glabrous on the inner face, very pale yellowish or whitish on the

lower half, light green above ; outer corona-lobes about 3 lin. long,

pouch-like at their base, divided to the middle into 2 falcate-subulate

diverging teeth, glabrous, whitish ; inner corona-lobes about } lin.

long, linear-oblong, truncate or emarginate at the apex, closely

incumbent on the backs of the anthers and not exceeding them.

Dichexlia ovata, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 36, and

Journ. Bot. 1897, 293; K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

iv. ii. 269.

Centra Recon: Colesberg Div.; without precise locality (a specimen

cultivated at Kew in 1868), Arnot! not Arnott as originally quoted.

As Mr. Arnot was a Government agent for Griqualand West at the time he sent

this plant to Kew, and obtained plants from there, it is just possible that this

species is a native of that region rather than of Colesberg.

35. B. Galpinii (N. E. Br.); plant about 6 in. high, branching ;

branches minutely puberulous with recurved hairs ; leaves ascending-

spreading, }—} in. long, 1-14 lin. broad, linear-lanceolate, obtuse or

subacute, cuneately tapering into a short petiole at the base,

longitudinally folded, glabrous above, puberulous with minute —

Brachystelma. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 861

curved hairs beneath ; flowers 2 or more together at the nodes ;

pedicels 4-1 lin. long ; sepals about 1 lin. long, lanceolate, attenuate-

acuminate, puberulous with curved hairs ; corolla cage-like, lobed

nearly to the base, with the lobes connate at the tips; tube }—} lin,

long, cup-like, with a thin and exceedingly minute almost powder-

like puberulence or a few small hairs outside, glabrous within ;

lobes 7-10 lin. long, linear-filiform, with a microscopic puberulence

(scarcely pubescence) on both sides and ciliate with a few very

minute scattered curved hairs, or glabrous on the inner face and

thinly pubescent on the back, apparently dark purple-brown ; outer

corona of 5 pairs of erect linear-filiform teeth } lin. long, thinly

ciliate with comparatively long hairs; inner corona-lobes }-3 lin.

long, linear-filiform, acute, about twice as long as the anthers and

incumbent upon them at the base, with the tips connivent-erect or

perhaps crossing each other. Dichzlia Galpinii, Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 25, and Journ. Bot. 1897, 293, not elsewhere.

Kavanart Recion: Transvaal; plains near Barberton, 2500-2800 ft., Galpin,

698! Thorncroft, 647 ! and in Herb. Wood, 10219!

36. B. pallidum (N. E. Br.); tuber 2 in. or more in diam.,

flattened ; stem (often much) branched at the base or towards the

middle, 3-10 in. high, shortly velvety-pubescent ; leaves spreading,

4-3 in. long, 3-2} lin. broad, linear-lanceolate, lanceolate or

narrowly elliptic, obtuse-or subacute, cuneately narrowed into a

short petiole at the base, longitudinally folded, shortly pubescent or

velvety-pubescent on both sides, but more densely so beneath ;

flowers in fascicles of 2-8 at the nodes or occasionally solitary ;

pedicels 4-1} lin, long ; sepals about 1 lin. long, subulate-lanceolate,

densely pubescent ; corolla cage-like, lobed nearly to the base, with the

lobes connate at the tips, pubescent like the leaves all over outside,

glabrous within, apparently yellowish or whitish at the lower half

and purplish-brown at the upper half; united part flattish or

saucer-shaped, about 4 lin. long; lobes 5}-8} lin. long, linear-

tiliform ; outer corona-lobes }—-3 lin. long, erect, divided from 3-§ of

their length into 2 parallel or slightly diverging linear obtuse or

acute segments, varying from minutely puberulous on the inner face

and ciliate with longer hairs to entirely glabrous, apparently whitish

or yellowish ; inner corona-lobes }—3 lin. long, linear or linear-

spathulate, very obtuse, sometimes broader than the outer corona-

teeth, somewhat loosely incurved over the anthers and much longer

than them, but a little shorter than the outer corona-lobes, glabrous,

apparently whitish ; follicles 3-3} in. long, }—} in. thick, terete,

tapering to the acute apex, smooth, glabrous. Dichelia pallida,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 49, and in Journ. Bot. 1897,

294. D. microphylla, S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1903, 312.

Katanart Reaion: Griqualand West; Lower Campbell, Burchell, 1799!

Bechuanaland ; near Kuruman, Burchell, 2499! near Lobatsi, Marloth, 3324!

Transvaal ; Magalies Berg, Burke! Zeyher, 1136! Crocodile River, Burke !

Diamond Fields, Tuck! near Johannesburg, 6000 ft., Gilfillan in Herb, Galpin,

862 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Brachystelma.

6049 ! 6050! Rand, 967! near Little Olifants River, 5200 ft., Schlechter, 3810!

Modderfontein, Conrath, 1011! Pretoria Kopjes, Miss Leendertz, 658 !

I am very doubtful if this is more than a form of B. Galpinii, they are alike in

appearance and only appear to differ in the pubescence of the leaves and corolla,

and the form of the inner corona-lobes. But B. Galpinii is a much rarer plant.

37. B. cinereum (N. E. Br.); plant about 6 in. high; branches:

erect or erectly-spreading, minutely greyish-tomentose, leafy ; leaves

ascending or spreading, 34-6 lin. long, 2-2} lin. broad at the

middle, oblong or oblong-elliptic, acute or obtuse, narrowed into a

very short petiole at the base, minutely greyish-tomentose on both

sides ; flowers in fascicles of 2—5 at the nodes ; pedicels about 1 lin.

long, minutely greyish-tomentose ; sepals 1} lin. long, lanceolate,

acute, greyish-villous ; corolla about 7 lin. long, cage-like, with the

_ lobes connate at the tips, puberulous outside, glabrous within ; tube

about as long as the calyx, cup-shaped ; lobes erect, linear from an

_ ovate base; outer corona-lobes connate into a cylindric annulus

(? arising above the base of the staminal column), deeply bifid, with

erect linear obtuse segments, sparsely ciliate; inner corona-lobes

slightly exceeding the outer corona, ligulate, obtuse, glabrous.

Dichzlia cinerea, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 42.

WESTERN REGION : Little Namaqualand ; on hills by the Orange River near

Ramonds Drift, 300 ft., Schlechter, 11505.

Stated to be nearly allied to D. Galpinii, Schlechter, and D. pallida, Schlechter,

but has a denser tomentum and the inner corona-lobes longer than the outer.

88. B. elongatum (N. E. Br.); plant 2-3} in. high, branching,.

velvety ; branches erectly-spreading, densely leafy towards the apex ;

leaves spreading, subfaleate, subsessile, 3-1} in. long, }-} in. broad,

linear-lanceolate, subacute, narrowed at the base; flowers 2-3

together, lateral at the nodes; pedicels 24 lin. long; sepals 2 lin.

long, linear, acute, villous ; corolla-tube 24 lin. long, 2 lin. broad at

the throat, subcylindric, slightly narrowed at the base, sparsely

pilose ; lobes fleshy, connate at the tips, 9 lin. long, erect, linear-

filiform, thickened at the apex, ciliate above the middle ; corona with

a cylindric tube; outer segments 5, short, bifid, glabrous ; inner

segments slightly exceeding the outer, ovate, elongate-acuminate,

glabrous, adnate to the backs of the anthers, with free tips.

Dichzlia elongata, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 35,

and Journ, Bot. 1897, 293.

CENTRAL ReEGION : Somerset Div. ; Bosch Berg, 2500 ft., Schlechter, 2699.

This appears to be closely allied to B. distinctum, N. E, Br., and in many

particulars the description agrees with that species, but the corolla and corona

appear to be different. I have not seen it.

=e B. distinctum (N. E. Br.) ; tuber flattened, up to about 3in.

ree (or more?) in. diam. ; plant 2-6 in. high, branching at the base ee

Brachysteima. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 863

stems erect, pubescent; leaves 6-12 pairs to a stem, ascending-

spreading, often falcately recurving, very shortly petiolate, }—14 in.

long, 1-3 lin. broad, linear or linear-lanceolate, obtuse or subacute,

longitudinally folded, with a short spreading pubescence on the

underside, glabrous above ; flowers solitary or in fascicles of 2—6 at

the nodes ; pedicels 3-6 lin. long, pubescent ; sepals 1-1} lin. long,

subulate or lanceolate-subulate, pubescent; corolla cage-like ; tube

2 lin. long, much exceeding the corona, campanulate, apparently

whitish, dotted (always?) with purple, glabrous or thinly sprinkled

with short spreading hairs outside, glabrous on the basal half within

and thickly covered above and for a short distance up the base of

the lobes with inflated subglobose and clavate white (in dried

flowers) hairs; lobes connate at the tips, 8-13 lin. long, narrowly

linear, pubescent with short spreading hairs on the back, apparently

dark-coloured ; outer corona-lobes arising $—} lin. above the base of

the staminal column, scarcely } lin. long, divided to the middle into

2 widely diverging falcately curved subulate teeth, very minutely

and sparsely scabrous ; inner corona-lobes } lin. long, linear, sub-

truncate, closely incumbent on the backs of the anthers and not or

searcely exceeding them; staminal column }-1 lin. long.

Coast Rraton: Albany Div. ; in rocky grassy places near Grahamstown,

MacOwan, 1039! on mountains, Mrs. Barber, 242! Stockenstrom Div. ; Kat

Berg, Hutton! Eastern Frontier, Hutton !

Eastern Recion : Transkei; Fort Bowker, Bowker, 381 !

According to Mrs. Barber the flowers are ‘‘spotted with purple outside and a

deep brown within.” The long leaves of this species give it a very distinct

appearance.

4v. B. villosum (N. E. Br.); plant 10-12 in. high according to

Schlechter, 3 in. high in the specimen seen, branching at the base

into several stout stems densely clothed with long soft spreading

hairs ; leaves very shortly petiolate, 4—9 lin. long, 2}—3} lin. broad,

elliptic or elliptic-oblong, obtuse or acute, glabrous above, villous

beneath, especially along the midrib and margins, ciliate ; flowers

in fascicles of 2-6 at the nodes; pedicels 1-3 lin. long, thinly

villous; sepals 14 lin. long, lanceolate-subulate, thinly villous ;

corolla cage-like, with the lobes connate at the tips; tube 2 lin.

long, shortly tubular-campanulate, with the sinuses between the

lobes produced into short recurved teeth, glabrous outside, thinly

covered with spreading hairs within, apparently whitish; lobes

4-2 (Z, Schlechter) in. long, linear-filiform from a deltoid }-1 lin.-

broad base, thinly ciliate and sprinkled on the back with short

spreading hairs ; outer corona-lobes arising } lin. up the staminal

column and shorter than it, about } lin. long, erect, bifid, with the

rather long teeth widely diverging and falcately recurved ; inner

corona-lobes about } lin. long, linear, obtuse, closely incumbent upon

the backs of the anthers and scarcely or not at all exceeding them.

_ Dicheelia villosa, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 25, and

Journ. Bot. 1897, 293.

864 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). | Brachystelma.

Katauarr Recron: Transvaal; Mountain-tops at Upper Moodies, near

Barberton, 4500-5000 ft., Galpin, 588!

According to Mr. Galpin the flowers are sweetly scented.

41. B. Barberie (Harv. ex Hook. fil. in Bot. Mag. t. 5607) ;

tuber large, flattened; stems 24-3} in. high, rather coarsely

spreading-pubescent ; leaves 1-4 in. long, }—1 in. broad, cuneate-

oblong to oblanceolate or obovate, acute to obtuse and apiculate,

tapering below into the petiole, pubescent on both sides, but more

coarsely so beneath ; flowers in opposite sessile umbels, forming a

many-flowered ball 3-4 in. in diam. surrounding the stem ; pedicels

44-9 lin. long, spreading-pubescent ; sepals 3-4} lin. long, #-1 lin.

broad at the base, thence tapering to the acute apex, pubescent ;

corolla 1-1} in. long, cage-like, with the lobes connate at the tips,

-yich dark crimson-brown on the inner face, marked in the pale

yellowish tube with irregular transverse purple-brown lines, outside

pubescent, puberulous or glabrous and green ; tube (exclusive of the

spreading united part of the limb) about 2 lin. long, subhemispheric,

in dried flowers, from alteration in drying, appearing campanulate or

cup-shaped and up to 4 lin. long, glabrous within ; limb around the

mouth of the tube and base of the lobes covered with purple hairs ;

lobes 3-14 in. long, 24-3 lin. broad at the shortly ovate spreading

base, then contracted into linear erectly incurved tails with replicate

margins, varying from pubescent to glabrous on the inner face ;

outer corona cup-like, } lin. high, divided to half way down by

5 cut-like fissures into 5 truncate or subtruncate segments, often

slightly produced into obtuse teeth at the shoulders, adnate at the

middle to the base of the inner corona-lobes, which are } lin. long,

linear, obtuse, inflexed on the backs of the anthers and not exceeding

them, so that in dried flowers the corona often appears to consist of

5 transverse subtruncate lobes with a linear obtuse point abruptly

inflexed from their middle. K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl, Pflan-

zenfam. iv. ii. 268, and 269, under Dichelia. B. Barbere, Schlechter

in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 25, and Journ. Bot. 1897, 292.

Katauart Reaton ; Transvaal ; grassy slopes near Barberton, 2900 ft., Galpin,

656! near Modderfontein, Cons‘ath, 1012! near Pretoria, Burtt Davy, 2586! 3241!

Carnegie, 1680!

Eastern Recon: Transkei; on flats near Tsomo, Mrs. Barber, 806 ! Tembu-

land ; Bazeia, 2500 ft., Baur, 386!

Described from a living plant, which flowered at Kew in Aug., 1905.

It also occurs in Rhodesia, in Tropical Africa.

Imperfectly known species.

42. B. micranthum (E. Meyer, Comm. 196); tuber flattened ;

plant branching at the base into several stems, 2—3 in. high, $—3 lin.

oe _ thick, puberulous ; leaves 5-6 lin. long, 3-3 lin. broad, linear-

Brachystelma. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 865

lanceolate to elliptic, obtuse, tapering into a short petiole at the

base, glabrous ; flowers usually 2 (sometimes solitary) at the nodes ;

bracts 3-3 lin. long, lanceolate, acute; pedicels 2-3 (in fruit

becoming about 4) lin. long, puberulous ; sepals about ? lin. long, } lin.

broad, lanceolate, acuminate, slightly puberulous; “corolla very

minute, with ovate-lanceolate lobes a little longer than the calyx,

spreading, corona projecting ; flowers only 1 lin. long” (H. Meyer) ;

follicles immature, 14-2? in. long, 1}—1} lin. thick, linear-fusiform,

tapering to an acute apex, glabrous. Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 888 ; Decne

in DC. Prodr. viii. 647 ; K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

iv. ii. 268. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 293.

Coast REGION : Queenstown Div. ; near Shiloh, 4000-5000 ft., Drége! Table

Mountain, Drége (ex £. Meyer).

The only flower of this species that I have seen is upon E. Meyer’s type, but it

is not describable, as the corona and all but the base of the corolla have been eaten

by insects. The other specimens seen are in young fruit. Drdge’s original label

with the type is localised ‘‘ Klipprivier,”” intended probably for Klipplaat River,

which is near Shiloh. I have not seen a specimen from the other locality.

43. B. crispum (E. Meyer, Comm. 196) ; tuber depressed ; stem

puberulous ; leaves. often -reflexed, 3~4 lin. long, oblong, sinuate,

irregularly undulate-crisped, puberulous; flowers scarcely 3 lin.

long; corolla-tube campanulate; lobes elongated, very narrowly

subspathulate ; follicles less erect than in B. meyerianwm, Schlechter.

Dieir. Syn. Pl, ii. 888 ; not of Graham.

Cenrrat Recron : Aberdeen Diy. ; hills near Hamerkuil, in the Camdeboo,

3000-3500 ft., Drege !

No specimen of this now exists in E, Meyer’s Herbarium.

44. B.? macrorrhizum (E. Meyer, Comm. 197); tuber as large as

a man’s head, subglobose, slightly depressed ; leaves 6-8 lin. long,

shortly petiolate, reflexed, ovate, undulate-crisped, shining, canescent.

Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 888 ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 647.

CrentTRAL Recion: Graaff Reinet Div.; on the Oude Berg, 3500-4000 ft.,

Drége.

I found no specimen of this in E: Meyer’s Herbarium when the latter was lent

to Kew. Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb, xxi. Beibl. 54, 14, refers it to Fockea glabra

(F. edulis, K, Schum.), but upon what grounds I do not know, for the depressed-

globose tuber, reflexed canescent leaves and different geographic region, indicate a

different plant.

XLIT. ANISOTOMA.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla deeply 5-lobed; tube campanulate ;

lobes linear or oblong-linear, valvate in bud. Corona arising near

or at the base of the staminal column, really double, but apparently

of 5 dorsally flattened entire, denticulate or bifid lobes opposite the

anthers (really outer-corona-lobes), with a long appendage (really

_- VOL. IV.—SECT. I.—PART VI. 3K rate

866 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Anisotoma.

inner corona-lobes) on their inner face. Staminal column arising

from the base of the corolla ; anthers suberect, oblong, without an

appendage, but with two or more hairs at their tips. Pollen-masses

erect, solitary in each anther-cell, with a small pellucid area imme-

diately under the apex, attached in pairs to the pollen-carriers by

very short slender caudicles. Fruit not seen.

Perennial herbs; rootstock a cluster of thick fleshy roots ; stems several,

prostrate ; leaves opposite, petiolate, cardate-ovate or cordate-orbicular, herbaceous ;

flowers rather small, in pedunculate or sessile umbel-like cymes.

DistriB. Species 2, endemic.

The coronal structure of this genus is scarcely distinguishable from that of those

species of Brachystelma (such as B. schizoglossoides, N. E. Br., B. mafekingense,

N. E. Br., etc.), where the halves of the divided outer corona-lobes are connate

with the halves of adjacent lobes immediately behind and partly adnate to the

base of the inner corona-lobes, but the habit and general appearance 1s quite

different from that of any species of Brachystelma.

Corona-lobes more or less rhomboid, bifid, with a “ae

glabrous filiform-subulate appendage... +s. += (1) cordifolia.

Corona-lobes oblong or lanceolate, entire or denticulate,

with a puberulous linear-lanceolate acute or bifid

appendage eA 8 fumctinaseaiee ene

1. A. cordifolia (Fenzl in Linnea, xvii. 331) ; roots rather thick

and numerous, clasping the rocks (Mrs. Barber) ; stems prostrate,

branching at the base, slender, tortuous, unifariously puberulous

and pilose-pubescent ; leaves spreading ; petiole 4-4 in. long, more

or less shortly pilose ; blade 4-1} in. long, }-1 in. broad, ovate to

suborbicular, acute to rounded at the apex, cordate at the base,

pubescent above, thinly and shortly pilose beneath ; cymes umbel-

like, sessile or pedunculate, lateral at the nodes, 3-9-flowered ;

peduncles 1-14 lin. long, pubescent or shortly villous on one side ;

bracts 4-1} lin. long, linear-subulate, acute, pubescent ; pedicels

2-10 lin. long, pubescent or puberulous along one side ; sepals

3-1 lin. long, 1—} lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, puberulous ; corolla-

tube 4-3 lin. long, whitish; lobes 1-2 lin. long, 4 lin. broad,

oblong-linear, subobtuse, glabrous or with a few hairs on the back,

minutely puberulous on the inner face, whitish or yellowish at the

base, dark brown or orange-brown above ; corona-lobes 4-3 lin.

long, erect, more or less rhomboid-ovate, bifid, minutely puberulous

on the back, with a filiform-subulate glabrous appendage on the

inner face 3 lin. long ; appendages connivent-erect over the } lin.- |

long staminal column ; anthers erect, linear-oblong, with 2 or 3

minute hairs at the apex. A. mollis, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897,

292. Cynoctonwm molle, E. Meyer, Comm. 216; Decne in DC.

Prodr. viii. 530. Cynanchum molle, Dietr, Syn. Pl. ii. 905 ; Steud.

Nom. Bot. ed. 2,i. 462. Anisotomaria mollis, Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 103.

Lophostephus mollis, Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 9, t. 113 ; and Gen. S. Afr.

_ Pl. ed, 2, 242. Anisotome mollis, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xv. —

—— Beibl. 45,26 ; K.Schum. in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. ive. 267.

Anisotoma. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 867

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div. ; Vanstadens Mountains, Burchell, 4724!

Drege! Zuurberg Range, near Doorn Nek, Drége, 2221! on high hills,

Mrs. Barber, 433! Albany Div. ; by the Great Fish River, Ecklon and Zeyher !

near Grahamstown, MacOwan, 402! Glass in MacOwan, Herb. Austr. Afr. 1633 !

Misses Daly and Sole, 531! Stockenstrom Div.; Kat Berg, Drege, 3435 !

Eastern Frontier, Hutton !

2. A. pedunculata (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 150) ; plant

divided at the base into several prostrate branches }—2 feet or

perhaps more long, simple or sparingly branched, spreading- or

shortly pilose-pubescent on all green parts ; leaves unilaterally

spreading ; petiole 1—? in. long; blade 4-1} in. long, 4-1} in.

broad, cordate-ovate to cordate-orbicular, acute, obtuse or rounded

at the apex ; cymes umbel-like, lateral at the nodes, pedunculate,

2-10-flowered, sometimes compound ; peduncles }-2 in. long ;

pedicels #-1} in. long; sepals 1-1} lin. long, lanceolate, acute ;

corolla deeply lobed, thinly sprinkled with hairs outside, puberulous

on the inner face, with the tube and base of the lobes cream-colour

and the upper 2 of the lobes brown (Wylie); tube j-1 lin. long,

campanulate ; lobes spreading (ascending in dried flowers), 13-2 lin.

long, about ? lin. broad, oblong-linear, subobtuse, with recurved

margins ; corona-lobes erect, with the body or basal part }—3 lin.

long, lanceolate or oblong, acute, obtuse or denticulate at the apex,

having a linear-lanceolate or linear-spathulate appendage }-1 lin.

long on the inner face, acute or bifid at the apex, puberulous all

over on the back ; connivent-erect high over the } lin.-long staminal

column, apparently whitish ; anthers tipped with 3-4 hairs. A.

peduncularis, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 292.

Eastern Reaion: Natal; Drakensberg Range, Tyger-cave Valley, 6000-7000

ft., Evans, 379! Niginya, 5500 ft., Wylie in Herb. Wood, 10529!

My original description of the corona-lobes of this plant is very incorrect, as in

the flowers I then examined their true form had been obliterated by pressure, in

better preserved flowers I find them to be as described above.

XLIII. PECTINARIA, Haworth (not of other authors).

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla small, bud-like, with a short cup-shaped,

hemispheric or broad and shallow tube and 5 lobes connate at the

apex, with narrow openings between them. Corona double ; outer

cup-like and variably cut into 10 to numerous teeth or of 5 minute

lobes ; inner of 5 lobes incumbent upon the backs of the anthers or

erect and about equalling them or longer and connivent-erect over

them. Stamens with the filaments connate into a tube around the

ovary and adnate to the dilated top of the style; anthers free,

without appendages, incumbent upon the top of the style. Pollen-

masses solitary in each anther-cell, minute, ellipsoid or subglobose,

pellucid at the ends or sides turned towards each other, attached in

ee 3K 2

868 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Pectinaria.

pairs to the very minute brown pollen-carriers by very short

caudicles. Follicles narrowly fusiform, acuminate, smooth, glabrous.

Succulent leafless herbs; stems tufted, usually procumbent and often with

their tips or other portions buried in the ground, in one species sometimes

(always ?) flowering underground, acutely, obtusely or obscurely 4-8-angled,

acutely toothed or tessellately tuberculate along the angles, often with a distinct bud

in the axil of each tooth or tubercle when the stems are fully developed ; flowers

small, solitary or in fascicles in the grooves or on the sides between the angles,

small, bud-like, often with a ‘‘frosted” appearance on the inner surface and

sometimes outside as well. The colour of tie flower is taken from Mr, Pillans’

notes, except in the case of P. asperiflora.

Distrip, Species 5, endemic.

Stems acutely 4-angled, with flat or slightly concave

sides and distant acute deltoid teeth along the angles :

Corolla broadly ovoid or subglobose, covered with fine

hairs on the inner surface, blackish-purple or

purple-brown bei SF sic sie ... (1) saxatilis.

Corolla broadly depressed, pear-shaped, papillate, but

without hairs on the inner surface, light purple... (2) Pillansii.

Stems very obtusely and somewhat obscurely 4-angled,

tuberculate along the angles; corolla acuminate

froma short ovoid base, glabrous and smooth, inside

whitish, spotted with purple on the lobes, dark ‘

purple in the tube 2.6 sie) wed ip iceete leas QB) arovate.

Stems cylindric, with 6-8 series of closely placed tubercles ;

corolla papillate outside and within :

Corolla shortly and broadly conical from a subtruncate

base, with simple papille within ad ... (4) artieulata, var.

Corolla pentagonally subglobose, with the papillae on

the inner surface covered with short spike-like :

PYOOCGREE eee a ee Te iS oD) eee

1. P. saxatilis (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1904, XXXV. 211) ;

stems or branches prostrate, often growing downwards into the

ground and then curving upwards or the young shoots commencing

to develop underground, acutely 4-angled, 14-5 in. long, }—1 in.

square, with flat or slightly concave sides and broadly deltoid acute

teeth 1-1? lin. long along the angles, having a small (and, with age,

prominent) bud in each axil, glabrous, at first glaucous-green,

becoming dull green, often tinged or marked with dull purplish,

finally greyish ; flowers in fascicles of 4-7 on the sides, near the

base of the stems, developing successively, erect ; pedicels }—1 lin.

long, glabrous ; sepals about 1 lin. long, lanceolate or ovate-subulate,

with very acute recurved tips, glabrous ; corolla bud-like, 44—6 lin.

long, 4-5 lin. in diam., broadly ovoid or subglobose, acute or

shortly acuminate or apiculate, entirely blackish-purple or very

dark purple-brown, glabrous outside, covered with fine hairs and

having a “ frosted appearance” (Pillans) inside ; tube 2-24 lin. deep,

broadly cup-shaped or hemispheric; lobes 3-5 lin. long, 24 lin.

_ broad, deltoid to ovate-lanceolate, acute, cohering at the tips, with

narrow fissures between them in the lower part, not recurved at the

margins and not ciliate ; outer corona-lobes at the base of the

Pectinaria. | ASCLEPIADEE (Brown). 869

staminal column, minute, not } lin. long, spreading, broadly ovate

or deltoid, subacute, glabrous, dark purple-brown ; inner corona-

lobes 13-1} lin. long, much exceeding and erectly connivent (or

sometimes connate at the tips) high above the staminal column,

rather thick and fleshy, linear or subulate, obtuse or acute, with a

short deltoid-subulate tooth or small thickened crest on the back

below the middle, dark purple-brown ; staminal column # lin. long ;

anthers subquadrate, obtuse, without appendages, incumbent on the

outer part of the truncate style-apex.

Coast REGION : Oudtshoorn Div. ; near Oudtshoorn, Pillans, 694!

CenTraL Recon: Laingsburg Diy. ; on a hill north-west of Laingsburg at

Zout Kloof, growing around and under stones, very scarce, Pillans, 115! along

the road between Witte Poort and Laingsburg, ex Pillans.

Although there is a young bud in the axil of every tooth on the stems, yet

according to Mr. Pillans only those on the underside develop into shoots.

2. P. Pillansii (N. E. Br.); stems up to 6 in. or more long,

procumbent or partly subterranean, acutely 4-angled, }—? in. square,

with flat or slightly concave sides and acute deltoid-conical teeth

13-2 lin. long, glabrous, dull green, more or less mottled or suffused

with purple where exposed to the sun, with a slight glaucous bloom

on the young parts, the teeth being at first of a paler green than

the rest, becoming hardened and pale brown, having a bud in every

axil ; flowers in clusters of three or more at the middle of the sides,

often (always?) developed underground ; pedicels 1-1} lin. long,

glabrous ; sepals about 1 lin. long, ovate, acuminate, glabrous ;

corolla 34 lin. in diam., broadly depressed pear-shaped, light purple,

with a frosted appearance all over the inside, from being thinly

covered with watery or air-containing papille, almost smooth and

glabrous outside; tube about 14 lin. long, cup-shaped ; lobes

unusually thick and rigidly fleshy, 2-2} lin. long, 2-24 lin. broad

at the base, like an equilateral triangle in outline, acute, inflexed

and connate (or occasionally, by accident? free) at the tips, forming

a short broad dome-like top to the flower, their margins not recurved

but separated so as to form very narrow fissures between them ;

outer corona of 5 minute lobes about } lin. long, broadly ovate,

obtuse, spreading, apparently whitish ; inner corona-lobes 14 lin.

long, laterally much flattened, subfaleate, with a large rounded

acute-edged hump on the back above the middle and there } lin.

broad from front to back, erect, with the tips connivent high above

the style-apex, dark purple.

Centrat Recion: Somerset Div. ; oe Mae eet near ss East,

growing flat on the ground under the dry leaves of an aloe, very rare, only one

plant found, Pilians, 180!

Mr. Pillans informs me that all the mature flowers he has seen have been

developed underground, and that so far as he has observed, the young flower-

buds which are formed above ground have not developed. :

870 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). | Pectinaria.

3. P. arcuata (N. E. Br.) ; stems 2—4 (or more) in. long, 3-5 lin.

thick, arching-procumbent and then diving underground, sometimes

rising again to the surface, but always finishing their growth

underground, forming loops $—1 in. high, very obtusely and some-

what obscurely 4-angled, with slightly flattened sides, somewhat

tessellately tuberculate along the angles, with the tubercles varying

from scarcely prominent to } lin. long, apiculate, glabrous, green,

not glaucous, flowering along the sides or under the loops ; flowers

1-3 in a fascicle ; pedicels 1-14 lin. long, glabrous, green; sepals

1 lin. long, ovate, subulate-acuminate, recurved at the tips,

glabrous; corolla in general outline acuminate from a short ovoid

base, glabrous and smooth outside and within ; tube 14 lin. long,

cup-shaped or subhemispheric, straw-coloured or pale yellowish

outside, dark purple within, the dark colour divided to half-way

down into 5 ovate lobes or rounded crenations extending up the

base of the lobes ; lobes 34 lin, long, 1-1} lin. broad at the base,

thence gradually tapering to the acute connate tips, not recurved at

the margins, but separating so as to form narrow lanceolate openings

between them, pinkish or pale purple-tinted on the back, creamy-

white, spotted with purple at the tips on the inner face, not ciliate ;

outer and inner corona-lobes apparently in one series, bright yellow,

with the 5 lobes alternating with the anthers (outer corona) minute,

scarcely } lin, long, deltoid, acute, ascending-spreading, the other 5

(inner corona) } lin. long, more than } lin. broad and almost as

thick, erect, subclavate-oblong, very obtuse or subtruncate, scarcely

exceeding the level of the anthers, with their rounded backs

projecting like 5 stout ribs beyond the outer lobes.

Coast Reeion : Bedford Div. ; found under a bush about 9 miles south-south-

east of Bedford, very rare, Pillans, 182!

The habit of this plant is extraordinary ; several of the Stapeliex produce

underground shoots, but no other is known which seems to invariably finish the

growth of its aerial shoots underground, as Mr. Pillans informs me (and as is the

case in the cultivated plant seen) this one always does.

4. P. articulata (Haw. Suppl. Pl. Succ. 14); plant dwarf, tufted ;

branches procumbent or ascending, 1-2 in. long, 4—} in. thick,

oblong, somewhat tessellately 6-angled or with 6 series of short

stout conical tubercles, apiculate or acute, with a small bud in the

axil of each, glabrous, ferruginous, with purplish branches ; flowers

solitary in the grooves between the angles at or towards the tips of

the branches ; pedicels apparently about 1 lin. long, thick, glabrous ;

sepals lanceolate, acute; corolla bud-like, about } in. in diam.,

papillate and greenish outside, pearly-papillate and blackish-red

within, glabrous, not ciliate ; lobes deltoid, connate at the tips, with

reflexed margins, leaving narrowly ovate acute openings between

them ; outer corona pectinate, blackish-red, white below; inner

corona-lobes blackish. Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. i. 276; G. Don, Gen.

— Syst. iv. 122; K. Schum. in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 281.

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 486. Stapelia articulata, Ait. Hort.

Pectinaria,| ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 871

Kew. ed. 1, i. 310, and ed. 2, ii. 90; Masson, Stap. 20, t. 30; Hayne,

Term, Bot. ed. 1799, t. 16, fig. 6; Thunb. Trav. ed, 3 (English ed.)

ii. 171; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1287; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 279; Poir. Encyel.

vii, 384; Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 26; R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 24 ;

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 26; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 841; Loud. Encyel.

Pl. 200, fig. 3299; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 887 ; Decne in DC. Prodr.

viii. 663.

Var. 8, namaquensis (N. E. Br.); branches 4-} in. thick, with the tubercles

$-1 lin. long, dull purple-brown ; flowers drooping (Pillans); pedicels 14-2 lin.

long, stout, glabrous; sepals }#~1 lin. long, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute,

minutely papillate; corolla bud-like, about 2 lin. long, 24-8 lin. in diam.,

shortly and broadly conical, acute, subtruncate at the base, papillate and greenish

outside, covered with small (watery ?) tubercles on the (whitish ?) inner surface ;

tube about 3 lin. deep, broad and shallow ; lobes 2 lin. long, 1}-13 lin. broad at

the base, elongated deltoid ; outer corona cupular, scarcely } lin. high, usually

more or less irregularly divided into numerous (30 or more) erect slender teeth,

glabrous, yellowish ; inner corona-lobes about 4 lin. long, oblong, obtuse, closely

incumbent on the backs of the anthers and not exceeding them, dorsally

connected to the outer corona at the base, yellowish.

CrentTRAL ReaGiIon : Calvinia Div. ; near the edge of the Roggeveld Mountains,

Thunberg, Masson,

WEsTERN Reoron: Var. 8: Little Namaqualand ; without precise locality

Templemun in Herb. Pillans, 22!

According to Thunberg and Masson this plant is eaten by the Hottentots and

pickled like cucumbers by the colonists, There is no specimen of it in Thunberg’s

Herbarium, nor in Masson’s collection at the British Museum. Therefore until

the Roggeveld plant should be rediscovered and prove distinct, I place the

Namaqualand plant as a variety of it, since the colour of its corolla and corona

appear to be its chief distinction.

5. P. asperiflora (N. E. Br.) ; stems tufted, procumbent or erect,

3-3 in. long, }-} in. thick, globose to cylindric, with 6-8 angles

formed of closely placed stout conical minutely apiculate tubercles

3-1 lin. long, glabrous, dark dull purple on the young parts ;

flowers solitary from the grooves between the angles on the young

growth ; pedicels 14-4 lin. long, usually decurved or recurved at the

apex, slender, glabrous, very slightly and obscurely roughened, in

fruit ascending, }—2 in. long, 1}—2 lin. thick, purple-brown ; sepals

3-1 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, glabrous, obscurely papillate ;

corolla drooping, pentagonally subglobose, or with a campanulate

tube and a very shortly conical top, 2-2} lin. in diam., abruptly

and shortly pointed in bud and when closed after opening, obtuse

when open, with the margins of the lobes slightly recurving, leaving

narrow lanceolate fissures between them, outside purple-brown,

minutely papillate ; inside white dotted with purple, densely covered

with large papille, which, when magnified, are seen to be covered

with spike-like processes; tube 14 lin. long, cup-shaped ; lobes

arching over the tube, connate at the tips, 14-2 lin. long, 1} lin.

broad, deltoid-ovate, acuminate; outer corona about } lin. long,

eupular, usually with 5 pairs of erect subulate teeth } lin. long,

alternating with 5 broad transverse shorter lobules irregularly

872 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Pectinaria.

5-8-denticulate at their subtruncate apices, but sometimes irregularly

divided into many subulate teeth, dark purple-brown ; inner corona-

lobes } lin. long, deltoid, acute, closely incumbent upon the backs

of the anthers and slightly exceeding them, broadly connected at

the base to the outer corona, dark purple-brown ; follicles (imma-

ture) erect, slightly diverging, 3-34 in. long, 24 lin. thick, narrowly

fusiform, tapering to an acute apex, smooth, glabrous, dull greyish-

green, thickly marked with linear spots and lines of purple-brown.

CrnTRAL Recton : Laingsburg Div.; near Matjesfontein, Pillans, 70!

Described from a living plant which flowered at Kew, Aug. 1907. The inner

surface of the corolla is exceedingly beautiful when highly magnified, and unlike

anything I have seen in any other plant.

XLIV. CARALLUMA, R. Br.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla 5-lobed, with a small or very rarely

large campanulate or saucer-shaped tube, or rarely without a distinct

tube and the united part nearly flat and disk-like ; lobes free at the

tips, very spreading or ascending, ovate to linear. Corona usually

distinctly 2-seriate ; outer series of 5 distinct entire or bifid lobes or

united into an entire or 5—15-toothed cup ; inner series of 5 filiform,

subulate, linear, oblong, subquadrate or hemispheric lobes, shorter

than to much longer than the anthers and often dorsally connected

to the outer series; or sometimes both series combined so as to

falsely appear l-seriate. Stamens with their filaments connate into

a tube around the ovary and adnate to the dilated style-apex ;

anthers free, ascending or inflexed upon the style-apex. Pollen-masses

solitary in each anther-cell, ascending or subhorizontal, pellucid just

under the apex or within the inner margin, attached in pairs by

short slender caudicles to the pollen-carriers or to wing-like expansions

of them,

Dwarf succulent leafless herbs, with stout 4-6- (very rarely 3-) angled stems

and branches, toothed or toothless along the angles. Flowers variable, usually in

fascicles, rarely solitary, near or at the base, apex, or along the grooves between

the angles, in a few species racemose along the attenuated terminal part of the

stems.

Distris. Species about 80, the others distributed in Tropical and North

Africa, South Europe, Socotra, and through Arabia to India.

Stems obscurely 6-angled or with obscurely 6-seriate

tubercles (? tessellately 6-angled); pedicels 4-5 lin.

long; corolla densely pilose on the inner face,

_ green... Reds <ilead je aes «+ ose (20) chlorantha.

Stems without distinct teeth, but sometimes somewhat

crenate along their 4 very obtuse angles:

Plant 2-23 in. high ; ties 1-3 in. long, erect from

near the base of the decumbent stems ... .. (23) aperta.

Plant 9-12 in. high, bushily branched, flowering near

or at the ti of the Bechara pedicels about 1

Caralluma. | ASCLEPIADE! (Brown). 873

Stems with distinct conical or tubercle-like teeth along

their angles :

Stems spirally 5-6-angled, with stout spine-like teeth

3-4 in. long; corolla-lobes 7-9 lin. long, blackish-

purple or nearly black reas Heh eae .» (2) mammillaris.

Stems 4- (rarely 5-) angled: =

* Corolla-lobes 3-1} in. long ; plants 2-4 in. high:

Pedicels less than } in. long; corolla dark purplish-

olive-brown, very minutely ciliate at the base

of the lobes : oan bad wis ... (17) longicuspis,

Pedicels 4-1 in. long ; corolla ciliate with vibratile

clavate deciduous hairs :

Corolla yellow ; inner corona-lobes with a short ;

subulate tooth at their base igs ..- (18) lutea.

Corolla not yellow ; inner corona-lobes excavated

at their base ... ies res ae ... (19) melanantha,

** Corolla-lobes 3-7 lin. long : ‘

Pedicels 3-6 lin. long ; corolla-lobes deltoid-ovate,

green, spotted with purple-brown (ciliate ?) (5) intermedia.

Pedicels $-2 lin. long :

Teeth on the angles of the stem 4-3 in. long:

Corolla-lobes about 2 lin. broad, lanceolate,

glabrous, with the. apical half purple-

brown and basal half greenish-yello

dotted with purple-brown aus .-. (3) armata.

Corolla-lobes 3 lin. broad, oblong or oblong-

ovate, thinly pubescent on the inner face,

purplish-grey, spotted all over with

purple-brown ves Pge eer -

Teeth on the angles of the stems }-} in. long ;

- corolla-lobes linear, linear-lanceolate or

‘attenuate, not ciliate :

Corolla-lobes blackish-purple or purple-brown,

quite glabrous :

Corolla-lobes 3-4 lin. long ... aes ... (15) linearis.

Corolla-lobes 5-7 lin. long ... oe »-. (16) arenicola.

Corolla-lobes creamy-white (or pale-pink ?), :

not spotted, pubescent at the very base (14) incarnata, var.

*** Corolla-lobes 1}-2} lin. long; teeth on the angles

of the’stem 1-3 lin. long:

Pedicels about 1 in. long ; corolla-lobes ovate, flat,

(4) Pillansii.

pale yellow, not ciliate so w+ ewe (22) longipes.

Pedicels 4-6 (in 11, C. simulans, 2-4) lin, long,

longer in fruit :

Plant 6-8 in. high; pedicels deflexed ; corolla

light greenish, spotted with purple-brown,

lobes apparently glabrous on the inner

. surface, but ciliate ... “ae hie ... (7) parviflora.

Plant 2-3 meiahs = aes aa

Corolla light green spotted with purple-brown,

ubescent all over the inner surface with :

ne erect hairs... ra eek .-» (21) Marlothii.

Corolla pale yellowish, with purple-brown

~~ dots on the central part ; lobes with hairs

ab their tips? GP yar 0 0) ania,

ee :

874 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Caralluma.

Corolla pale yellow, without spots ; lobes

with some rather long erect hairs at their

base and a few minute hairs at their tips (11) simulans.

Pedicels 4-2 lin. long, longer in fruit :

Corolla-lobes pubescent all over the inner face,

dark purple-brown ... se iii ... (18) prainosa.

Corolla-lobes glabrous on the inner face, except

sometimes at the very base:

Corolla-lobes ciliate with long soft purple

hairs ;

Corolla-lobes yellowish-green with trans-

verse purple-brown lines on the basal

half and entirely purple-brown beyond (8) dependens.

Corolla-lobes purple-brown on the _ basal

and green on the apical half, not

spotted ... Ls Be ee ... (9) inversa.

Corolla-lobes not ciliate :

Corolla-lobes sublinear or linear-lanceolate,

pale pink (or whitish ?), not spotted... (14) incarnata.

Corolla-lobes ovate or narrowly deltoid-

linear, pale yellowish or pale greenish-

yellow, not spotted... kas ... (12) Hottentotorum

Corolla-lobes deltoid-ovate, very acute, light

green or greenish-yellow, spotted with

purple-brown ... bee sie ... (6) acutiloba.

1. C. ramosa (N. E. Br. in Hook. Te. Pl. t. 1904); plant about

1 ft. high, rather densely and bushily branched, glabrous, pale

greyish-green or somewhat glaucous, shaded with purple ; branches

erect, 4-1 in. or more thick, 4-angled and 4-grooved ; angles thick,

obtusely rounded, crenate, but scarcely toothed, except at the tips

of the young branches ; flowers in small fascicles along the grooves

between the angles; pedicels about 1 lin. (in fruit becoming 3—4

lin.) long, glabrous ; sepals 1-1} lin. long, lanceolate, acute, glabrous ;

corolla small, glabrous outside ; tube about } in. long, campanulate,

minutely pubescent around the mouth and apparently whitish within ;

lobes 24-3 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, replicate, with a rather acute

ridge down the face, glabrous and blackish-purple on the inner face,

not ciliate ; outer corona-lobes minute, less than } lin. long, broader

than long, bifid, pouch-like at the base ; inner corona-lobes nearly

4 lin. long, linear or linear-subulate, closely incumbent upon the

backs of the anthers and slightly exceeding them, with a slight dorsal

transverse ridge at their base ; follicles erect, subparallel or very

slightly diverging, 2-2? in. long, } in. thick, terete-fusiform, tapering

to an acute point, glabrous, pale green ; seeds 2} lin. long, 1 lin.

broad, irregularly and narrowly ovate-oblong, deeply concave from the

very thick margins being incurved on one side, very convex on the

other, not rugose, brown. WN. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1892, xii. 370 ;

Schlechter in Journ. Bot, 1898, 477. Stapelia ramosa, Masson, Stap.

21, t. 32; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1288; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 279; Poir.

Encycl. Meth. vii. 385 ; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 91; Haw. Syn. Pl.

Caralluma. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 875

Succ. 23 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 22; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 116;

Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 658; Loud. Encycl. Pl. 200, fig. 3292.

Piaranthus ramosus, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 2,359; Decne in DC.

Prodr. viii. 664.

Coast Recion: Riversdale or Ladismith Div. ; Karoo beyond Platte Kloof,

around the Hot-springs, Masson.

CentRAL Recion: Laingsburg Div. ; Zout Kloof and Karoo west of Laings-

burg, Pillans, 131! between Ladismith and Laingsburg, Pillans! Prince Albert

Div. ; near Grootfontein, Dickson (Barkly, 62)! Pillans! hill (Jacobs Kop ?)

near Vlak Kraal (now Prince Albert Road Station), Barkly, 63!

Described from living plants, and flowers preserved in fluid.

2. C. mammillaris (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. under t. 1902) ;

plant $14 ft. high, branched in a bushy manner ; branches }—1} in.

thick, irregularly or spirally 5-6-angled, armed with stout conical

hard-pointed acute spines }—} in. long, glabrous, light green, faintly

glaucous, with the apical half of the spines brown ; flowers in

fascicles of 4-10 or more, along the grooves between the angles ;

pedicels 1-1} lin. long, glabrous; sepals 1 lin. long, ovate, acumi-

nate, glabrous; corolla glabrous and pale green outside, with the

tips, margins and a stripe down the middle of the lobes and some

dots on the tube very dark purple-brown ; inside minutely papillate-

setulose on the lobes and upper part of the tube, rich velvety black-

purple on the lobes, pale yellowish dotted with blackish purple in

the tube, which is 2-3 lin. long and as much in diam. ; lobes

erectly spreading, 7-9 lin. long, about 2 lin. broad at the base, thence

gradually tapering to a very acute apex, longitudinally folded, with

revolute margins; outer corona about as long as the staminal

column, cupular, 10—15-toothed, glabrous, dark purple-brown ; inner

corona-lobes }—2 lin. long, subulate or linear, acute to truncate,

incumbent on the backs of the anthers and exceeding them, with

more or less connivent-erect tips and a short dorsal projection at the

base, adnate to the outer corona and forming 5 of its teeth, dark

purple-brown. WN. E. Br. in Gard. Chron, 1892, xii. 370 ; Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1898, 477. Stapelia mammillaris, Linn. Mant. ii.

216; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 310; Thunb. Prodr. 46; Fl. Cap. ed.

1, ii. 166, and ed. Schultes, 239 ; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1287; Pers. Syn.

Pl. i. 279 ; Poir. Encyel. Meth. vii. 384, and in Dict. Sc. Nat. 1. 393 ;

Haw. Syn. Pl. Suce. 25 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 25; Decne in DC.

Prodr. viii. 663. 8S. pulla, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 310, and ed. 2,

ii. 92; Masson, Stap. 21, t. 31; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1288; Pers. Syn.

Pl. i. 279; Poir. Encyel. vii. 385 ; Alg. Teutsch. Gart. Mag. 1818,

233, t. 26; Bot. Mag. t. 1648; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 841; Dietr.

Syn. Pl. ii. 887. Piaranthus pullus, R. Br, in Mem. Wern. Soc. i.

23; Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 44; G@. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 113. Decne in

DC. Prodr. viii. 650. P. pulla, Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi.10. P. mam-

millaris, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 114. Pectinaria mammillaris, Sweet,

Hort. Brit. ed. 2, 357. Boucerosia mammillaris, N. E. Br. in Journ.

876 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). (Caralluma.

Linn. Soc, xvii. 165, t. 11, figs. 5-13.—Stapelia aphylla ad nodos

mammillaris, etc., Burm. Rar. Afr. Pl. dec. ii. 27, t. 11.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1143!

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Diy. ; rocky hills near Olifants River, Thunberg !

near Clanwilliam, Pillans (ex Pillans), Worcester Div. ; Karoo, near Hex

River, Thunberg ! lower slopes of hills east of Nuy, ex Pillans, hills north-west of

Worcester, Pillans, 101! and cultivated specimens !

CentraL ReGion: Laingsburg Div. ; near Matjesfontein, ex Pillans. Prince

Albert Div. ; near the Gamka River, Burke, 465! near Prince Albert, 2000 ft.,

Bolus (ex Pillans).

Western Drv. : Little Namaqualand ; near Ookiep, 3000 ft., Templeman in

Herb. Pillans, 1! Kamiesberg Range, Barkly, 30!

Partly described from living plants. The corona is variable, especially in the

length of the erect tips of the inner lobes, The odour of the flowers is extremely

i ble.

3. C. armata (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1902); plant

robust, branching; branches 4-angled, 3-1 in. square exclusive

of the teeth, glabrous ; teeth 1-1 in. long, stout, conical, with

hard spine-like tips, horizontal or slightly recurved ; flowers in

clusters of 8-10 (or more?) along the grooves between the angles

of the branches, several open together ; pedicels 2 lin. long, stout ;

sepals } in. long, lanceolate, acuminate ; corolla-tube about } in. long,

campanulate, greenish-yellow ; lobes } in. long, about 2 lin. broad,

somewhat spreading, lanceolate, acute, with the margins folded

back, glabrous and not ciliate, greenish-white on the back, dark

purple-brown or blackish-purple on the apical half of the inner face

and greenish-yellow dotted with purple on the basal half; outer-

corona about equalling the staminal column, cup-shaped, sub-

truncate, with 5 slight and broad erose crenations opposite and

raised above the base of the inner corona-lobes and 5 pairs of

minute teeth alternating with them, alternately blackish-purple and

purple-brown in colour ; inner corona-lobes linear-oblong, notched at

the apex, closely incumbent on the anthers and not produced

beyond them. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 477.

WesTERN Reaton: Little Namaqualand ; at the foot of the Kamiesberg Range,

Barkly, 47!

4. C. Pillansii (N. E. Br.); plant }-1 ft. high, robust, with only

1 rooted main stem, bushily branched; branches 3—1 in. thick,

exclusive of the teeth, 4-angled, glabrous, dull green mottled and

deltoid-conical teeth 1} in. long and (lengthwise of the stem) as

much in breadth at the base, with short brown spine-like tips ; flowers

several together in dense fascicles along the grooves of the stems,

2-3 of each fascicle open together; pedicels 3-1 lin. long, stout ;

sepals 1} lin. long, } lin. broad, ovate, acute or acuminate, glabrous ;

corolla outside smooth, glabrous, whitish-green, dotted with purple-

brown ; inside minutely tuberculate-rugulose, pubescent with short =

_ purple hairs fixed in every posture and spotted all over with “purple- —

Caralluma, | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). we

brown on a purplish-grey ground” (Pillans) ; tube 2-3 lin. long,

campanulate ; lobes slightly spreading, 4—5 lin. long, } in. broad,

oblong or oblong-ovate, abruptly acute, with the sides folded back ;

outer corona-lobes minute, about } lin. long and } lin. broad, trans-

versely rectangular, shortly and acutely bifid or emarginate, dark

purple-brown, glabrous; inner corona-lobes } lin. long, oblong,

obtuse, erect, exceeding the erect anthers but not inflexed over

them, with a small tubercle at the base where united to the outer

corona, dark purple-brown ; staminal column and entire corona very

dwarf, scarcely 1 lin. high ; style-apex not covered by the anthers.

Coast Rraion: Robertson Div.; among bushes in Donker Kloof, near

Montagu, Pillans, 678 !

Described from living stems, and flowers preserved in fluid. Mr. Pillans states

that this plant is attacked by the larva of some insect, which eats the centre of the

stems and so destroys large plants.

5. C. intermedia (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 478); stems or

branches not seen, but according toa drawing, 5-6 in. long, 4-angled,

about 4 in. square, with stout spreading acute teeth about 2 lin.

long, glabrous, flowering along the grooves between the angles

towards the top ; pedicels not seen, about } in. long in the drawing ;

sepals about 1} lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad, broadly ovate, acuminate,

glabrous ; corolla about 1 in. in diam., nearly flat, without a distinct

tube, but with a depression in the disk, rugulose on the inner face,

glabrous (ciliate ?), according to the drawing dull green spotted

with purple-brown ; lobes 4-5 lin. long and { in. broad at the base,

ovate or deltoid-ovate, acute ; outer corona-lobes 4—} lin. long, 3—}

lin. broad, 3-toothed, with the middle tooth entire, crenulate or

bifid, deltoid, much larger than the lateral teeth ; sometimes all

connate into a cup above the attachment to the inner corona-lobes,

with 5 large deltoid acute teeth alternating with 5 pairs of minute

teeth ; inner corona lobes } lin. long, lanceolate-subulate, closely

incumbent on the backs of the anthers and not, or scarcely, produced

beyond them, dorsally adnate at the base to the outer corona.

Stapelia intermedia, N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1910 A.

Coast Reaion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Olifants River, Barkly 8!

Of this plant I have only seen some dried flowers without pedicels, and a

drawing made by Miss Barkly, from which latter I describe the stem and colour

of the flowers. In my original description I stated that the lobes are ‘‘ciliate

with vibratile, clavate, purple hairs,” but I am now inclined to think that the

very few cilia adhering to the margins of the lobes may have accidentally got

there from the flowers of some other plant.

6. C. acutiloba (N. E. Br.) ; plant 6-8 in. high, bushily branched ;

branches $—2 in. thick, 4-angled, with stout conical acute teeth

2-21 lin. long, hardened at the apex, glabrous; flowering cushions

oo arranged along the grooves between the angles, 1-2 (or more ?)-

flowered ; pedicels about } lin. long, glabrous ; sepals 1-1} lin. Jong,

878 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Caralluma.

glabrous ; corolla small, entirely glabrous and not ciliate, light green

(or greenish-yellow ?), spotted with dark purple-brown, more thickly

at the tips of the lobes ; tube 1-1} lin. long, apparently broadly and

shallowly cup-shaped ; lobes 2—24 lin. long, 14 lin. broad at the base,

deltoid-ovate, very acute or somewhat acuminate, probably spreading ;

outer corona about equalling the staminal column, shortly cup-shaped,

with 10 equidistant deltoid acute teeth } lin. long, glabrous, dark

purple-brown ; inner corona-lobes about } lin. long, linear or linear-

subulate, acute, incumbent on the backs of the anthers and not

produced beyond them, dorsally connected to the outer corona at

the base, margined with (or entirely ?) purple-brown.

WESTERN Reaion: Little Namaqualand, Z’empleman in Herb. Pillans, 8 !

7. C. parviflora (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1892, xii. 370) ; plant

6-8 in. high, with several erect stems from the base, which bear a

few very spreading branches ; stems and branches 4-angled, 5-7 lin.

square, with conical acute spreading or slightly recurved teeth 14-2

lin. long at the angles, glabrous, dull green or purplish ; flowering-

cushions arranged along the grooves between the angles on the

upper part of the stems, producing 1—3 flowers (annually ?) ; pedicels

3—5 lin. long, curved downwards ; sepals about } lin. long, ovate or

ovate-lanceolate, acute ; corolla drooping about } in. in diam. ; tube

or united part scarcely 1 lin. long, apparently saucer-shaped ; lobes

somewhat spreading, } in. long, ? lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, flat,

rugose, ciliate on the margins, yellowish-green spotted with purple-

brown. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 478 (excel. syn. C. dependens,

N. E. Br.). Stapelia parviflora, Masson, Stap. 22, t. 35 ; Willd. Sp. Pl.

i, 1283; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 278; Poir. Encycl. vii. 381; Ait. Hort.

Kew. ed. 2, ii. 89 ; Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 24 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 24 ;

Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 841; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 887. Piaranthus parvi-

jlorus, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. i. 278; G. Don, Gen. Syst, iv. 113 ;

_ Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 650.

WESTERN Recion : Little Namaqualand, under shrubs, Masson,

Only known from Masson’s figure and description.

8. C. dependens (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1903, B) ; plant

8-12 in. high, compactly branched ; branches erect, 4-angled, 5-9

lin. square excluding the teeth, glabrous, at first dull green, tinted

with purple, becoming pale grey or pale purplish-grey with age ;

angles rounded, with stout conical horizontal or slightly recurved

acute teeth 1-2 lin. long, which become hardened at the point ;

flowers successively developed from very small flowering points

arranged along the grooves between the angles which produce

flowers for two or more successive years, pendulous and closely

applied to the stems; pedicels 1-14 lin. long, abruptly bent

downwards from their base, becoming erect and 4—5 lin. long

in fruit, glabrous ; sepals # lin. long, lanceolate, acute, glabrous ;

Caralluma. | ASCLEPIADE# (Brown). 879

corolla in bud oblong, obtuse, pendant and closely applied to

the stem, when expanded rotate, without any tube, with

4 lobes reflexed and 1 (the lower) pressed against the stem, 2—2}

lin. long, 1 lin. broad, oblong-linear, subacute, convex, glabrous

and green, tinted with purplish on the back; inner face smooth,

light yellowish-green, marked with transverse purple-brown lines on

the disk and basal half of the lobes, dark purple-brown on the

apical half, ciliate with long soft twisted or curly purple hairs ;

outer corona-lobes erectly spreading, bifid to half-way down, basal

part subquadrate, yellowish ; teeth subulate, acute, arching-divaricate,

purple-black ; inner corona-lobes deltoid-subulate, acuminate, purple-

black, closely incumbent on the backs of the anthers and not

exceeding them ; follicles diverging, 34-5} in. long, about } in.

thick, terete, tapering to an acute point ; seeds not seen. K. Schum.

in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 278.

Coast Recton: Clanwilliam Div. ; Oliphants River, Hesse! near Clanwilliam,

250-300 ft., Schlechter, 8017! Pocock in Herb, Pillans, 68! on a farm 20 miles

west of Clanwilliam, Barkly, 78! and cultivated specimens !

Described from living plants which flowered at Kew and with me in 1877 and

1906.

9. C. inversa (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1903, xxxiii. 354) ; an

erect branching plant similar to C. dependens; branches 4-angled,

with conical spreading teeth; flower-cushions arranged along the

grooves between the angles ; pedicels 1—2 lin. long, glabrous ; sepals

2-1 lin. long, lanceolate or deltoid-ovate, acute, glabrous ; corolla-

tube about 1} lin. long, campanulate or funnel-shaped, glabrous,

white at the base, spotted with purple-brown above and entirely

purple-brown at the mouth within ; lobes about 2} lin. long, 1-1}

lin. broad, oblong or linear-oblong, shortly acute, dark purple-brown

on the basal half, rather deep grass-green on the apical half, not

spotted, glabrous on both sides, ciliate from base to apex with long

jointed purple hairs; outer corona-lobes }-3 lin. long, slender,

linear-filiform, entire, obtuse, glabrous, purple-brown ; inner corona-

lobes 1-4 lin. long, ovate or ovate-oblong, obtuse, incumbent on the

backs of the anthers and equalling or very slightly exceeding them,

with a subquadrate or oblong projection about } lin. long on the

back at the base, which is obtuse, emarginate or minutely 3-toothed

at its apex, purple-brown.

Coast Reaion: Clanwilliam Div. ; without precise locality, Ayres in Herb.

Pillans, 92!

10. C. arida (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1892, xii. 369); stems

erect, somewhat crowded, 2—24 in. high, 4-angled, about }—3 in.

square, with conical acute spreading teeth 1-2 lin. long, glabrous,

grey-green? flowering along the grooves between the angles at the

upper part of the stems ; flowers solitary, erect; pedicels 3-4 lin.

long, elongating in fruit; sepals lanceolate, acute ; corolla about

880 ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). [ Caralluma.

5 lin. in diam., apparently rotate, whitish-yellow, apparently dotted

with red (or purple-brown?) at the base of the lobes, which are

about 2 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, flat, pubescent at the tips.

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 478. Stapelia arida, Masson, Stap. 21,

t. 33; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1283; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 278; Poir. Encycl.

vii. 381; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 88; Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 24 ;

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 23; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 838; Dietr. Syn. Pl.

ii. 885 ; Loud. Encycl. Pl. 200, fig. 3293. Orbea? arida, Sweet, Hort.

Brit. ed. 1, 277. Obesia? arida, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 2, 358.

Piaranthus aridus, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 114 ; Decne in DC. Prodr.

viii. 650.

Coast Recion: Riversdale or Ladismith Div.; Kannaland, Masson.

Only known from Masson’s figure and description.

11. C. simulans (N. E. Br.) ; stems erect, closely placed, branching

at the base, 4-angled, 2-3 in. high, 5-7 lin. square, with flattish

sides and acute angles with horizontally spreading conical acute

hard pointed teeth 1-1} lin. long, glabrous, green or tinted with

purple-brown, slightly glaucous, bearing several flower-cushions

along the sides, apparently producing a succession of single flowers

during more than one year; pedicels 2-4 (in fruit 6-8) lin. long,

slender, erect, about 2 lin. thick, glabrous; sepals ? lin. long,

extending to the sinuses of the corolla, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate,

acute, glabrous; corolla 34 lin. in diam., deeply lobed, rotate,

without a distinct tube ; lobes more or less recurving, 1} lin. long,

1 lin, broad, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, slightly thickened at

the apex, glabrous and smooth on the back, smooth on the inner

face, but thinly sprinkled with erect rather long hairs on the basal

half and with a few minute hairs at the tips, light yellow (Marloth) ;

outer corona-lobes erect, $—3 lin. long, linear, deeply bifid, with

slender diverging teeth ; inner corona-lobes closely incumbent upon

the backs of the anthers and shorter than them, with the inflexed

part about } lin. long, linear-oblong, obtuse, having a transverse

ridge on the back at the bend; follicles about 34 in. long, erect,

subparallel, slender, about 14-2 lin. thick, linear-terete, acute,

smooth, glabrous ; seeds 2-2} lin. long, scarcely 1 lin. broad, ovate,

concave with incurved thickened margins on one side, convex on

the other, smooth, glabrous, brown.

CentraL Recion: Prince Albert Div. ; near Prince Albert, Marloth, 4576 !

This species is very closely allied to C. arida, N. E. Br., but differs from the

latter (according to Masson’s figure and description of it) in having much smaller

flowers, without spots at the base of the lobes and with hairs at the base as well

as at the tips of the lobes.

12. C. Hottentotorum (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. under t. 1903) ;

plant 4-6 in. high, branching at the base; branches obtusely

4- (rarely 5-) angled, }—1 in. square exclusive of the teeth, glabrous,

-greyish-green or purplish-tinted

; teeth 2-3 lin. long, stout, conical, ==

Caralluma. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 881

with hard spine-like tips, horizontal or slightly recurved ; flowers in

small clusters of 6-10 along the grooves of the stems, opening 1-2 at

a time ; pedicels less than 1 lin. long, becoming 4—6 lin. long in

fruit, glabrous; sepals about ? lin. long, deltoid-ovate, acute,

glabrous ; corolla about } in. in diam., glabrous with the exception

of a few minute hairs at the mouth and throat of the tube, pale

greenish-yellow ; tube 1 lin. long, campanulate ; lobes about 1} lin.

long, ovate, acute, very spreading, faintly keeled on the inner face ;

outer corona-lobes very minute, pouch-like at the base, subquadrate,

bifid, yellow; inner corona-lobes fleshy, roundish-ovate or sub-

hemispheric, very obtuse and very convex on the back, becoming

thin and nearly flat when dried, closely applied to the backs of the

_ anthers and about half as long as them, yellow; follicles erect,

subparallel, 24-3 in. long, about 24 lin. thick, narrowly fusiform,

tapering at both ends, acute, greyish-green, streaked with purple-

brown ; seeds rather small, ovate, with a thickened margin. N. E.

Br, in Gard. Chron. 1892, xii. 369; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898,

477. Quaqua Hottentotorum, N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1879, xii.

8 and 9, fig. 1.

Var. B, major (N. E. Br.); corolla about 5 lin. in diam., straw-colour

(Pillans); tube 1} lin. long ; lobes 4 lin. long, 1 lin. broad at the base, thence

gradually tapering to an acute apex; outer corona-lobes reduced to 5 pairs of

-Ininute teeth ; inner corona-lobes stout, linear-oblong, obtuse, very convex on the

back, nearly or quite as long as the anthers and closely incumbent on their backs ;

otherwise as in the type.

WEsTERN Recion: Little Namaqualand; Klipfontein, Barkly, 50! 50 bis!

and cultivated specimens! Ookiep, Barkly, 27! Var. 8: Little Namaqualand ;

Mistkraal, near Kamaggas, Rich in Herb. Pillans, 10! 143! Oubiep, Rich in

Herb. Pillans, 200!

Described from living plants and the variety from flowers preserved in fluid.

According to Mr, Pillans this plant is known to the natives as ‘bitter gwagwa,”

and is not edible, being considered poisonous, with medicinal virtues.

13. C. pruinosa (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1892, xii. 370) ; plant

1-14 ft. high, bushily branched, glabrous, greyish-green, tinted with

purple ; branches obtusely 4-angled, 5—7 lin. square, with very small

teeth, about 1 lin. long, hard and brown at the tips, flowering

along the grooves between the angles; flowers 1-3 together,

successively developed ; pedicels 1-1} lin. long, glabrous; sepals

about } lin. long, ovate, acute, glabrous ; corolla rotate, without a

distinct tube, lobed to ? of the way down, 5-6 lin. in diam., glabrous

and more or less mottled with purple-brown outside, pubescent and

entirely dark purple-brown all over the inner face ; united or disk

part nearly flat ; lobes about 2 lin. long and 1} lin. broad, deltoid-

lanceolate, acute ; outer corona shortly cupular and combined with

the base of the inner corona-lobes, with 5 minute subrectangular

bifid lobes about } lin. long, apparently erect, glabrous, blackish ;

inner corona-lobes } lin. long, linear-oblong, emarginate, bifid, irregu-

larly toothed or subtruncate at the apex, closely incumbent upon

_ VOL. IV.—SECT. I.—PART VI. wh

882 ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). | Caralluma.

the backs of the anthers and slightly exceeding them, dorsally

produced at the base into a short horizontally spreading truncate

or rounded ridge or crest, blackish. Schlechter in Jowrn. Bot. 1898,

478. Stapelia pruinosa, Masson, Stap. 24, t. 41; Willd. Sp. Pl. 1.

1287 ; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 91; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 279 ; Schultes,

Syst. Veg. vi. 35 ; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 840; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 886 ;

Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 657; Loud. Encycl. Pl. 200, fig. 3317.

S. bruinosa, Poir. Encycl. vii. 384. Tromotriche pruinosa, Haw. Syn.

Pl. Suce. 37 ; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 119.

WestERN Recion: Little Namaqualand, Masson, Pillans, 21!

Described from dried specimens.

14, C. incarnata (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1892, xii. 369) ; a

bushy plant a foot or more high; branches erect, }—j in. thick,

4-angled, with stout conical spreading teeth 1}—2 lin. long, hardened

at the tips, glabrous, greyish-green (subglaucous?); flowering-

cushions small, arranged along the grooves between the angles,

producing “ usually solitary ” (Masson), “ 4-nate” (Thunberg) flowers,

probably for 2 or more years in succession ; pedicels }—} lin. long,

glabrous ; sepals about ? lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,

glabrous ; corolla pale pink varying to white (Masson), with a few

hairs around the mouth of the tube and at the very base of the lobes

within, otherwise glabrous and not ciliate ; tube about 1 lin. Jong,

campanulate ; lobes ascending-spreading, 1}-1} lin. long, 4-3 lin.

broad at the base, probably larger when alive, linear-lanceolate,

subacute or obtuse, convex from the sides being reflexed or recurved ;

outer corona-lobes about } lin. long, erect or ascending-spreading,

subquadrate, bifid, with a broad notch between the teeth, not

exceeding the staminal column, “ yellow” (Z'hunberg) ; inner corona-

lobes } lin. long, linear-subulate, acute, incumbent on the backs of

the anthers and slightly exceeding them. Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1898, 478. Stapelia incarnata, Linn. f. Suppl. 171; Thunb. Prodr.

46 ; Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 167, and ed. Schultes, 240 ; Masson, Stap. 22,

t. 34; Willd. Sp. Pl.i. 1289; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 279; Poir. Encyel.

Meth. vii. 386, and in Dict. Sc. Nat. 1. 392; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2,

ii. 92 ; Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 24 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 23; Spreng.

Syst. Veg. i. 840; Loud. Encyel. Pl. 200, fig. 3294 ; Dietr. Syn. rm

ii. 886. Podanthes incarnata, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 2,358. Piaranthus

incarnatus, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 114; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 650.

Boucerosia incarnata, N. E. Br. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. 166, t. 11,

figs. 14—17.—Euphorbium erectum, quadrangulare, spinosum, &c., Burm.

Rar. Afr. Pl. Dee. i. 15, t. 7, fig. 1.

Var. B, alba (N. E. Br.); plant branching near the base with branches 3-6

in. (or more?) long, 4-1 in. thick, erect, dark green with a greyish powdery

covering ; flowers 3-5 together, developing in succession, pedicels and _ sepals

about 1 lin. long; corolla pink on the tube and_ lobes outside, uniformly

creamy-white inside, covered on the very base of the lobes and upper part of the

tube with small stiff pink hairs; tube 1-2 lin. long; lobes 3-5 lin. long,

- 3-1 lin. broad at the base, linear, acute, with recurved margins; outer and

Caralluma. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). §83

inner corona golden-yellow; in all other particulars exactly as in the type.

Piaranthus incarnatus, var. albus, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 114.

Coast R&GIoN: near Verloren Valley in Piquetberg Div. and on mountains

near Compagnies Post {East India Company's Fort?) at Saldahna Bay in

Malmesbury Div., Thunberg! Var. 8; Clanwilliam Div.-; near Lamberts Bay,

Pillans 86! Malmesbury Div.; among shrubs in sandy places near Hopefield,

200 ft., only one plant found, Bolus, 10729!

Possibly Zeyher, 1146, without locality, may belong to this species, but the

specimens I have seen are flowerless. The variety alba is partly described from a

fresh flower preserved in fluid and may not differ from the type in anything but

colour, as the flowers of Thunberg’s type may have originally been as large as

those of the variety, but have become greatly shrunken from being less carefull «

pressed.

15. C. linearis (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1903, fig. A); stems

obtusely 4-angled, with small teeth }—} lin. long, hardened at the

point, glabrous, flowering along the grooves between the angles ;

flowers probably fasciculate ; pedicels }—1 lin. long, becoming about

4 in. long in fruit, glabrous ; sepals about ? lin. long, ovate, acute,

glabrous; corolla-tube about 1 in. long, campanulate, glabrous

outside and within, apparently whitish ; lobes ascending-spreading,

} in. (in dried flowers) long, } lin. broad, linear, acute, replicate

(longitudinally folded), apparently somewhat incurved at the apex,

glabrous and apparently not ciliate, dark purple-brown ; outer corona-

lobes ascending, about 2 lin. long and broad, subquadrate, bifid to

half-way down, with or without a minute tooth in the notch and the

teeth deltoid, obtuse, glabrous, apparently white or yellowish ; inner

corona-lobes } lin. long, flat, linear, obtuse, incumbent on the backs

of the anthers and connivent at the base, then erect with very

revolute tips, purple or purple-brown ; follicles about 14 in. long,

narrowly fusiform, smooth, glabrous; seeds (perhaps immature)

4 in. long, $—3 lin. broad, oblong, with very thick margins incurved

on one side and a prominent central ridge on the other, glabrous,

- smooth, brown, tipped with a tuft of hairs scarcely } in. long.

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 477.

CENTRAL Recion: Prince Albert Div. ; Seven-weeks Poort, Bain, 8 !

Of this species I have only seen a small piece of stem less than 1 in, long with

follicles attached and a few loose flowers dried and in alcohol.

16. C. arenicola (N. E. Br.); plant about 3-4 in. high, with

numerous erect 4-angled stems }-1 in. (or more?) square, glabrous,

green, slightly glaucous, branching at the base; sides flat below,

grooved above ; teeth very spreading, 1}—2} lin. long, stout, conical,

hardened at the acute tips ; flowers in small clusters along the sides

of the stems; pedicels $—1} lin. (in fruit elongating to }—1 in.) long,

stout, glabrous ; sepals 1}—1} lin. long, } lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate,

acuminate, glabrous; corolla minutely papillate-tuberculate (or

rarely with very minute hairs) at the base of the lobes on their

inner surface and within the tube, elsewhere smooth and. glabrous, |

884 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [Caralluma.

not ciliate, rich blackish-purple or “very deep maroon” (Marloth),

with the base of the tube and a zone at its middle white or whitish ;

tube 2 lin. long, 2 lin. in diam. at the mouth inside, campanulate or

cup-shaped ; lobes ascending-spreading, 5—7 lin. long, 1}~-2 lin. broad

at the base, thence tapering to the acute apex, with reflexed or

replicate margins ; outer corona somewhat saucer-shaped at the

base, with 5 pairs of minute acute teeth about } lin. long, with or

without 5 other obtuse teeth (formed by the connection with the

inner corona-lobes) alternating with them, yellowish, with purple

tips to the teeth ; inner corona-lobes } lin. long, oblong or linear-

oblong, obtuse, subtruncate or emarginate at the apex, closely

incumbent upon the backs of the anthers and shorter to longer than

them, but not turned up at the tips, dorsally connected at the base

to the very short cup of the outer corona, yellowish, more or Jess

marked with purple-brown on the margins and dorsal projection ;

follicles very slightly diverging, 5}-6} in. long, } in. thick, linear-

terete, tapering at the base and into an acute apex, smooth,

glabrous.

Cenrrat Recion: Laingsburg Div.; near Matjesfontein, in soft sand

accumulated under bushes, Pillans, 44! 62! Prince Albert Div.; near Prince

Albert, Marloth, 4581!

Mr. Pillans notes that the plants sometimes spread to a diameter of 2 ft.,

having in some cases very robust stems.

17. C. longicuspis (N. E. Br.); “plant 2-3 in. high ; stems erect,

decumbent or descending underground, 14-6 in. long, }—} in. thic

(Pillans), 4-angled, with slightly concave or grooved sides, greyish-

green (greyish-blue, Pillans) mottled with brown, angles rounded,

with conical acute deciduous grey teeth 1-1} lin. long; flowers in

fascicles of 3-10, thickly distributed along the sides of the stems

from the top to near the bottom, developing successively, erect ;

pedicels 2-24 lin. long, glabrous; sepals 1} lin. long, lanceolate or

ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ; corolla comparatively large,

glabrous and greyish-green outside, inner surface densely and very

minutely papillate, with a very minute ciliation at the base of the

lobes, otherwise glabrous, “pale purple merging into purple in the

tube” (Pillans), drying dark purplish-olive-brown ; tube 2 lin. long

and 4 lin, broad, shortly funnel-shaped ; lobes erectly spreading,

3] in. long, 24-23 lin. broad, linear-lanceolate, acute, with recurved

margins ; outer corona dark purple-brown, shortly cupular at the

base, 20-toothed, with the 5 pairs of teeth opposite the corolla-lobes

3 lin. long, faleate-subulate, with the tips widely diverging, and the

- 5 alternating pairs (really short bifid projections from the base of

the inner corona-lobes) very much shorter, straight and contained

between the adjacent teeth, whose tips arch over them; inner

corona-lobes 24 lin. long, linear-lanceolate and closely incumbent at

the base on the backs of the anthers, produced beyond them into

long filiform tips connivent into an erect slender column, dark

Caralluma. ] ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 885

WESTERN ReGion: German South-west Africa; cultivated specimens (Pillans,

14)!

Mr. Pillans informs me that he does not know if this species comes from the

Tropical or South-African part of the German colony, but believes that he also

has the same species in cultivation from Prieska.

18. C. lutea (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1901); stems crowded,

14-4 in. long, sharply 4-angled, }—} in. thick, excluding the teeth,

glabrous, green, mottled with dull purple ; teeth }—} in. long, stout,

acute, horizontal ; flowers 3—26 in a cluster at the middle or lower

part of the young stems, mostly opening at the same time ; pedicels

3-1 in. long, stout, glabrous; sepals 24-4 lin. long, lanceolate or

ovate-lanceolate, acuminate ; corolla 14-24 in. in diam., glabrous

outside, rugulose within, yellow; tube or united part 3—4 lin. long ;

lobes spreading, }-1} in. long, +4 in. broad, narrowly lanceolate,

attenuate to an acute point, ciliate with vibratile clavate purple

hairs ; outer corona cup-shaped with a recurved margin, consisting

of 5 subquadrate contiguous lobes ? lin. long, | lin. broad, minutely

toothed at the subtruncate apex and with several slight keels on

the inner face, yellow; inner corona-lobes 1 lin. long, filiform,

connivent-erect, dorsally connected with the sinuses of the outer

corona at their base, where there is a short erect subulate tooth,

yellow. WN. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1892, xii. 370; K. Schum, in

Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 278 and 276, fig. 83, E-F ;

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 54, and Journ, Bot. 1898,

477.

Katawart Recon: Bechuanaland; Mafeking, Marloth, 4377! Griqualand

West ; Klip Drift and Diamond Fields, Zuck in Herb. MacOwan, 2240! Bowker !

Barkly, 7! Dutoits Pan, Barkly, 40! near Vryburg, Miss Fry in Herb, Pillans,

49! Kimberley, Mrs. Barber! near Douglas, ex Pillans. Transvaal, near

Pietersburg, 4700 ft., Schlechter (ex Schlechter), Sanderson! Holub!

Described from living plants, and flowers preserved in fluid.

In a letter from Mrs. Barber concerning this plant, she states:—‘‘It is the

commonest of all the family up here (Kimberley) and occurs upon nearly every

grassy ridge upon the flats, and, although I have passed over acres of it, I have

never yet met with a seed-pod ; the plant blossoms profusely in autumn.” An

outline of the fruit, however, is represented on a drawing sent to Kew by

Mrs. Barber, from which the follicles appear to be about 34 in. long, fusiform and

moderately stout. The odour of the flowers is stated to be very fetid, like that

of putrid fish.

19. C. melanantha (N. E. Br.); stems decumbent at the base,

2-23 in. high, }-1 in. thick, 4-angled, with triangular acute spreading

teeth, glabrous ; flowers in sessile umbels of 6-10 towards the tips

of the stems; pedicels about } in. long, glabrous; sepals 3} lin.

long, lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ; corolla 2 in. in diam., rotate,

lobed to the middle, densely transversely rugose on the inner surface,

_ glabrous, ciliate with vibratile clavate hairs ; lobes about } in. long,

in. broad at the base, ovate-triangular, acuminate ; outer corona-

erectly spreading, connate at the lower half, semi-oblong

886 ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). [ Caralluma.

(transversely oblong may be intended) in outline above, irregularly

erenulate, slightly 4—6-grooved on the back ; inner corona-lobes

ligulate, porrectly incurved above the anthers, intricately excavated

at the thickened base, which is dorsally adnate to the tube of the

outer corona. Stapelia melanantha, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb.

xxxvili. 50.

Katanart Rearon : Transvaal ; stony Flats near Sandloop, 5000 ft., Schlechter,

4694 !

This is evidently closely allied to C. lutea, N. E. Br. The colour of the

flowers is not stated, but from the specific name it should be blackish or dark

purple-brown.

20. C. chlorantha (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 37) ;

stems decumbent, about 1} in. long and 5 lin. thick, obscurely

6-angled or with obscurely 6-seriate tubercles ; flowers solitary or

rarely in pairs; pedicels 4-5 lin. long, stout, glabrous ; sepals | lin.

long, triangular-lanceolate, very acute, glabrous ; corolla campanulate,

with a short tube, green; lobes erectly-spreading, } in. long, linear-

lanceolate, flat, somewhat hooked at the obtuse apex, glabrous on

the back, densely pilose on the inner face; outer corona white,

shortly cup-shaped, 5-sulcate, with free subdivaricate lobes, shortly

notched at the truncate apex ; inner corona-lobes shorter than the

staminal column, fleshy. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 478.

Coast Reaion: George Div.; in the Karoo near Klip Drift, 1800 ft.,

Schlechter, 2275.

21. C. Marlothii (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron, 1903, xxxiv. 414);

plant about 3-34 in. high, branching at the base ; branches rather

crowded, decumbent at the base, acutely 4-angled, 3—} in. square,

with nearly flat or slightly grooved faces, glabrous, entirely dull

violet or more or less mottled with that colour where exposed to the

sun; angles armed with conical acute teeth about 2-4 lin. apart and

1—2 lin. long, hardened and whitish at the tips ; flowers in numerous

fascicles of 2-4, scattered along the middle of two or all four faces

of the branches, developing successively ; pedicels ~} in. long, erect,

slightly curved, slender, glabrous ; sepals about } lin. long, nearly

4 lin. broad at the base, thence tapering to an acute point, glabrous ;

corolla rotate, with very revolute lobes, about 2} lin. (or 33-4 lin.,

with the lobes flattened out) in diam., light green, marked to the

tips of the lobes with small dark purple-brown lines and spots which

show through on the glabrous outside, thinly covered on the inner

face with erect stiffish but fine purple hairs; lobes rolled back to

the pedicel, 14-2 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, oblong-lanceolate, acute,

slightly thickened at the apex, where the hairs are slightly tufted ;

outer corona-lobes about 3 lin. long, } lin. broad, erect, linear from

a broadened base, deeply bifid at the apex, with diverging and

recurving filiform points, glabrous, yellow; inner corona-lobes

somewhat hammer-shaped in side view, with the linear-lanceolate or

Caralluma. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 887

linear entire or subbifid tips horizontally incumbent on the backs of

the anthers and dorsally produced into a short stout obtuse arm,

which sometimes shows a tendency to become bifid, glabrous, yellow,

with faint brown markings ; pollen-masses very conspicuous, globose,

dull yellowish.

Centra Reaion: Ceres Div. ; stony places near Zwartkops Drift in the

Bokkeveld Karoo, Marloth, 3307! between Ceres and Calvinia, Pillans, 66!

a een Div. ; between Witte Poort and Laingsburg and near Matjesfontein,

ex Pillans.

Described from a living plant.

22. C. longipes (N. E. Br.); stems or branches decumbent or

procumbent, 3-1} in. long, 3-7 lin. thick, 5-6-angled, with small

tubercle-like conical teeth 1-14 lin. long along the angles of the

young branches, becoming minute and distant with age (Marloth),

glabrous, dull-green, tlowering between the angles at about the

middle; flowers 1-2 together, successively developed ; pedicels

1-1} in. long, erect, very slender, less than } lin. thick, glabrous ;

sepals about 1 lin. long, ovate, acute or acuminate, glabrous ; corolla

about 4 in. in diam., flat, without a distinct tube, but with a

depression in the disk containing the corona, smooth, quite glabrous

and not ciliate ; lobes widely spreading, 2-24 lin. long, 1} lin. broad,

ovate, acute, flat, pale dull yellow with green tips (Marloth) ; corona

consisting of 5 pairs of minute slender parallel teeth, with a small

pocket-like cavity in front of them, alternating with 5 stout

transversely rectangular partition-like bodies (really the inner

corona-lobes), truncate and minutely denticulate on their dorsal

margin, truncate on their inner margin and not reaching half-way

up the backs of the anthers, orange.

Centra, Rearon: Sutherland Div.; on the Roggeveld, near Sutherland,

Marloth, 3799 !

23. C. aperta (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1905, fig. A); stems

erect, or decumbent at the base, 2-21 in. long, very obtusely

4-angled, light glaucous green, scarcely toothed ; flowers apparently

solitary near the base of the stems ; pedicels 1-2 in. (3 in., Masson)

long, erect or ascending, glabrous ; sepals 1-1} lin. long, ovate,

acute, glabrous; corolla 14-1} in. in diam., quite glabrous ; tube

about } in. long and lin. in diam., cup- or somewhat funnel-

shaped, densely papillate and usually purple-brown at the basal half

within, whitish or yellowish above, marked (sometimes labyrinthi-

cally) with small impressed irregular purple-brown lines and dots ;

lobes very spreading, 5-7 lin. long, 35-4} lin. broad, ovate-oblong,

acute, with more or less reflexed margins, rugulose and with 3

impressed nerves on the inner face, apparently purplish-brown or

olive-brown; outer corona cupular, acutely pentagonal, about

equalling the staminal column, truncate and crenately denticulate

at the top with a short acute tooth at each angle apparently

888 _ASCLEPIADER (Brown). [ Caralluma.

whitish ; inner corona-lobes 14-1} lin. long, linear-filiform or very

slightly clavate, closely incumbent on the anthers at the base then

connivent-erect above them, dorsally connected with the outer

corona, dark purple-brown. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 478.

Stapelia aperta, Masson, Stap. 23, t. 37 ; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1285 ; Pers.

Syn. Pl. i. 279; Poir. Encyel. vii. 383; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 90;

Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 23; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 22; Spreng. Syst.

Veg. i. 838; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 116; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 885;

Decne in DC. Prodr, viii. 658. Caruncularia aperta, Sweet, Hort.

Brit. ed. 2, 359. Orbea? aperta, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. i. 277.

Western Recion: Little Namaqualand; near Kokfontein, south of Zwart

Lintjes River, Masson, Kourkam, Rich in Herb. Pillans, 156! and without precise

locality, Barkly, 19!

In its stems and very long erect pedicels this plant closely resembles Stapelia

pedunculata, Masson, but the corona is quite different. Described from living

stems and flowers preserved in fluid.

XLV. TRICHOCAULON, N. E. Br.

_ Calyx 5-partite. Corolla with a short tube or the united part

flattish or saucer-shaped, rarely with a raised ring on the disk,

5-lobed ; lobes valvate in bud. Corona double, or sometimes the

outer and inner corona apparently belonging to one series of

5 shortly 3-toothed segments opposite the anthers ; outer corona of

5 bipartite or bifid or emarginate lobes, with straight or divergent-

arcuate segments ; inner corona-lobes incumbent upon the backs

of the anthers and sometimes produced beyond them, dorsally

connected at the base with the outer corona and sometimes

produced into a short tooth there. Staminal column arising from

the bottom of the corolla, short ; anthers inflexed upon the dilated

part of the style, linear-oblong, without appendages. Pollen-masses

ascending or subhorizontal, solitary in each anther-cell, pellucid

along the inner margin, attached in pairs to the pollen-carriers

by very short caudicles. Style not exceeding the anthers, truncate

at the apex. Follicles fusiform, smooth. Seeds crowned with a

tuft of hairs,

Succulent perennials, with thick cylindric leafless stems, having many vertical

series of conical tubercles, tipped with a spine or a stout stiff bristle, or with

crowded irregularly or spirally arranged short rounded pointless tubercles ; flowers

rather small, arising between the tubercles at or towards the top or all over the

stems, subsolitary or 2 or more together, successively developed.

Distris, Species 10, one or possibly two of them also occurring in Tropical

Africa and another endemic there.

The various species of this genus are known by the name of (uaap and eaten

by the Hottentot and Bushman races, and also used medicinally. I have also

been informed by Sir Henry Barkly and Mr, Pillans that the stems, after having

had their spine-tipped tubercles cut off, are sometimes preserved in sugar-syrup,

_and are very pleasant to eat, — . re Je ie

Trichocaulon. | ASCLEPIADE: (Brown). 889

* Stem-tubercles tipped with a stiff bristle or slender

spine ; plants 5-24 in, high:

Corolla with a very prominent raised ring on the

disk, very dark purple-brown ... Fe ste

Corolla without a (in 7. piliferum with a very

slightly) raised ring on the disk :

¢ Corolla with a distinct cup-shaped or campanulate

tube containing the corona:

Stem-tubercles tipped with a rather stiff spine 3-5

lin. long; corolla yellow vite is ...» (4) Alstoni.

Stem-tubercles tipped with spine-like bristles 2-3

lin. long:

Corolla dark purple-brown ; plants 5-8 in. high :

Corolla-lobes 2-3 lin, long ; outer corona-lobes

very spreading, with the divergent teeth

arranged in pairs behind the inner corona-

lobes ae ivi (2) piliferum.

Corolla-lobes 14 lin. long ; outer corona of 5

erect deeply bifid lobes or pairs of teeth ~

alternating with the inner corona-lobes (3) rusticum.

Corolla yellow :

Plant 5-18 in. high ; inner corona-lobes about

half as long as the anthers

Plant 14-2 ft. high ; inner corona-lobes much

longer than the anthers, with connivent-

erect tips ... aS dd iss sie

tt Corolla without a distinct tube, the united part

flattish or saucer-shaped ; plants 5-6 in. high :

Corolla dull yellow, smooth or minutely papillate

on the inner surface ; outer corona of 5 pairs

of spreading faleately curved teeth behind the

inner corona-lobes bas We ies -» (7) flavum.

Corolla purple-brown on the lobes, yellow around

the corona, finely puberulous on the inner

surface; outer corona of 5 erect 3-toothed :

lobes behind the inner corona-lobes ... -.. (8) officinale.

** Stem-tubercles short, broad, pointless or tipped with a

minute point seated in a small depression or ‘‘stem

smooth, only a little wrinkled” ; plants 2-4 in.

high : : :

Corolla without a distinct tube, the united part -

flattish or saucer-shaped, dark purple-brown ... (9) Marlothii.

Corolla with a distinct cup-shaped tube containing

the corona:

Corolla pale yellow spotted with crimson ; outer ‘

- corona 10-toothed, teeth in pairs... ... (10) cactiforme.

Corolla dark purple-brown; outer corona 15-

toothed, teeth in 5 groups of 3 aos 2 vom (AL) ee

(1) annulatum.

(5) Pillansii.

(6) grande,

1. T. annulatum (N. E. Br.); plant 6-18 in. high, branching

at the base ; stems light glaucous-green, 14-1} in. thick, cylindric,

with 23-30 vertical series of tubercles tipped with stiff light-brown

(darker when young) bristles 2}-3 lin. long ; flowers subsessile in

the grooves between the tubercles ; sepals 1—1} lin. long, subulate-

acuminate from a broadly ovate base, glabrous; corolla about

890 ASCLEPIADEA: (Brown). [ Trichocaulon.

10 lin. in diam., rotate, lobed to less than half-way down, with a

very prominent raised ring forming a cup enclosing the corona on

the disk, otherwise without a distinct tube, smooth and glabrous on

the back, densely covered with conical papille all over the very

dark purple-brown inner surface, except at the bottom of the cup

around the corona, most of them with a minute hair directed at a

right angle from their apex ; lobes 24 lin. long, 4-4} lin. broad, »

very spreading, very broadly deltoid-ovate, shortly cuspidate-acute,

with recurved margins ; outer corona large, nearly 2 lin. high, rising

almost to the level of the rim of the cup, glabrous, very dark purple-

brown, cup-like at the base, with 5 rather broad lobes, divided

above their erect concave basal part into two sublanceolate

diverging and obliquely recurved-spreading teeth % lin. long and

4 lin. broad ; inner corona-lobes about } lin. long, linear or deltoid-

linear, obtuse, dark-purple brown, closely incumbent on the backs

of the anthers and equalling or slightly exceeding and incurved

over their tips.

CenTRAL Recton: Jansenville Div. ; Klippaat, Lee in Herb. Pillans, 1351!

Described from a living plant, and flowers preserved in fluid,

2. T. piliferum (N. E. Br. in Journ. Linn, Soe. xvii. 164, t. 11,

fig. 1); plant 6-8 in. high, branching at the base ; stems cylindric

or slightly clavate-cylindric, 14-2 in. thick, with about 25 vertical

series of crowded tubercles, each ending in a stiff brown bristle

2-3 lin. long, dull-dark-green, soméwhat glaucous ; flowers 1-3

together in the grooves between the tubercles ; pedicels about 2 lin.

long, glabrous; sepals 1-1} lin. long, subulate-acuminate from an —

ovate base, glabrous ; corolla in bud somewhat flattened at the top

and very abruptly cuspidate, when expanded }—3 in. in diam.,

glabrous and smooth on the back, densely papillate-tuberculate all

over the limb and lobes on the inner face, not ciliate, dark purple-

brown ; tube about 1 lin. long, cup-like, circular or subpentagonal

at the mouth ; limb spreading, lobed to 3 of the way down, slightly

raised around the mouth of the tube; lobes 2—3 lin. long and as

much in breadth, broadly deltoid-ovate, cuspidate-acuminate into a

short subulate point; outer corona apparently consisting of 5

spreading deeply bifid (rarely entire) oblong, ovate or deltoid-ovate

acute lobes about 2 lin. long, opposite the anthers, really formed by

the widely diverging adjacent segments of 2 lobes being connate

behind the inner corona-lobes for nearly half their length at the

base or rarely up to the apex, glabrous, dark purple-brown ; inner

corona-lobes 4 lin. long, linear, obtuse, closely incumbent on the

backs of the anthers and shorter than them, dorsally connected at

the base to the outer corona, dark purple-brown. Bot. Mag. t. 6759;

_ K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl, Phanzenfam. iv. ii. 275 ; Schlechter

‘in Journ. Bot. 1898, 475. Stapelia pilifera, Linn. f. Suppl. 171 ;

-‘Thunb. Prodr. 46; Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 165, and ed. Schultes, 239;

Masson, Stap. 17, t. 23; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1286; Ait. Hort. Kew.

Trichocauton. | ASCLEPIADEA: (Brown). 891

ed. 2, ii. 90; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 279; Poir. Eneyel. vii. 383, and in’

Dict. Se. Nat. 1. 393 ; Haw. Syn. Pl. Suce. 24; Schultes, Syst. vi. 24 ;

Spreny. Syst. i. 839; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 116; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii.

885; Loud. Encycl. Pl. 200, fig. 3296; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii.

655. Piaranthus piliferus, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 2, 359.

Sours Arrica : without locality, Mund and Maire, 288 ! and cultivated specimen !

Coast Reaion: Oudtshoorn Div. ; on the Karoo the other side of Attaquas

Kloof, Thunberg ! Masson.

CentRAL Reeron: Calvinia or Sunderland Div. ; Karoo below the Roggeveld,

Thunberg. Prince Albert Div. ; near Weltevrede, Drége, 5615 !

3. T. rusticum (N. E. Br.); plant about 5 in. high, similar

to T. piliferum; stems with 17-20 (or more?) vertical series of —

conical tubercles, tipped with a slender dark-brown spine or

stiff bristle about 2 lin. long, glaucous-green or purple-tinted ;

pedicels about 1 lin. long, glabrous; sepals }-1 lin. long, ovate,

acuminate, glabrous; corolla with a distinct campanulate tube

about 1 lin. long, glabrous outside and within ; lobes spreading,

about 4 in. long and broad, deltoid-ovate, acute, glabrous on the

back, with a microscopic pubescence on the inner face, not ciliate,

dark purple-brown (Marloth) ; outer corona of 5 erect deeply bifid

lobes or pairs of deltoid-ovate obtuse teeth about } lin. long,

alternating with the anthers and rising to about the level of the top

of the staminal column ; inner corona-lobes about } lin. long, linear-

oblong, obtuse, closely incumbent on the backs of and about half as

long as the anthers, with a broad dorsal connection with the outer

corona at their base.

Centra Recron: Kenhardt Div. ; Kenhardt, Marloth, 3764!

Described from a living stem, and fresh flowers preserved in fluid. The

pubescence on the inner surface of the corolla-lobes is exceedingly minute, and

invisible when wetted.

4. T. Alstoni (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1906, 166); plant

about 6 in. high, branching at the base; stems about 14-1? in.

thick, excluding the spines, many-angled, glabrous and apparently

glaucous ; angles with closely placed tubercles tipped with a stiff

spine 3-5 lin. long ; flowers in small fascicles between the angles

of the stem; bracts minute, subulate ; pedicels 14-2 lin. long,

glabrous ; sepals erect, 1} lin. long, § lin. broad, ovate, acuminate,

glabrous ; corolla glabrous and smooth inside and out, yellow,

acutely pointed in bud; tube 2-2} lin. long and about the same in

diam. at the mouth, campanulately funnel-shaped ; lobes 2-2} lin.

long, 14-13 lin. broad at the base, ovate, very acute or somewhat _

acuminate, ascending in the dried state, probably spreading when —

alive ; outer corona cup-shaped at the base, subequally 10-toothed

or with 5 pairs of teeth behind the inner corona-lobes, glabrous ;

teeth 1-2 lin. long, deltoid or subulate, obtuse or acute, erect or

. - ineurved over the staminal column ; inner corona-lobes } lin. long,

892 ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). | Trichocaulon.

oblong, obtuse, incumbent on the backs of the anthers and not pro-

duced beyond them, dorsally adnate at the base to the outer corona.

WestTERN Recon ; Little Namaqualand ; in stony fields near Namies, 3000 ft.,

Alston in MacOwan, Herb, Austr.-Afr., 2017! and without precise locality,

Wyley, 79!

5. T. Pillansii (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1904, xxxv. 242);

plant similar to 7. piliferum ; stems 4-10 in, high, 1}-2} in. thick,

with 25-30 series of tubercles ending in stiff pale brown (turning to

grey) bristles 14-2} lin. long, “dull green, hardly glaucous on the

young growth, flowering nearly all over” (Pillans) ; flowers 1-3 in

a fascicle ; pedicels 4—? lin. long, } lin. thick, glabrous; sepals

1-14 lin. long, ovate, very acuminate, glabrous ; corolla 4} lin. in

diam., bright canary-yellow, pinkish-green outside (Pillans), glabrous

and smooth outside and within the tube, densely papillate and

thinly and very minutely puberulous (always ?) on the inner face of

the lobes, not ciliate; tube distinctly cup-shaped, or campanulate,

1-1} lin. long, 14 lin. in diam. at the mouth inside ; lobes spreading,

14-1} lin. long, 14-1} lin. broad, broadly deltoid-ovate, very acute ;

outer corona shortly cupular at the base, equally 10-toothed, light

yellow ; teeth 11 lin. long, deltoid, acute or obtuse, ascending-

spreading, quite straight and equidistant, not approaching each

other in pairs ; inner corona-lobes } lin. long, linear-oblong, obtuse,

about half as long as the anthers and closely incumbent upon their

backs, dorsally connected to the outer corona, light yellow ; follicles

only developed upon the young growth (Pillans), erect, subparallel,

34 in. long and 34-4 lin. thick in the specimen seen, fusiform,

tapering into a beak, incurved-hooked at the apex, smooth, glabrous ;

seeds about 2 lin. long, scarcely 1 lin. broad, ovate or oblong-ovate,

with thick margins, often incurved on one side, smooth, glabrous,

light. brown, with paler margins.

Var. major (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1904, xxxv. 242) ; stems 9-13 in. high,

14-3 in. thick, with about 30 series of tubercles, tipped with brown bristles

4-} in. long (Pillans) ; corolla-tube 1} lin. long, about 2 lin. in diam. at the

mouth inside ; lobes 2-25 lin. long and about as broad ; teeth of the outer corona

about 4 lin. long, in slightly diverging pairs ; otherwise as in the type.

CenTRAL Recron ; Laingsburg Div. ; 6-8 miles west of Laingsburg, at Zout

Kloof Farm, Pillans, 9! Var. 8: Laingsburg Div. ; western side of a hill south-

east of Zout Kloof Farm, Pillans, 160!

6. T. grande (N. E. Br.) ; plant 14-2 ft. high, branching at about

4 in. above the ground; stems about 2 in. thick, with 30 or more

vertical series of tubercles, each tipped with a very stiff pale brown

(when young dull purplish) bristle or slender spine 24-3 lin. long,

glabrous, glaucous-green ; flowers 1-3 together, developing suc-

cessively ; pedicels 3-1 lin. long, glabrous; sepals }—1 lin. long,

ovate-lanceolate, very acuminate, glabrous ; corolla 7—8 lin. in diam.,

glabrous and smooth outside and within the tube, densely papillate

on the disk and lobes of the inner face, not ciliate, greenish-yellow ; _ ia

dei

‘ 3

Trichocaulon. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 893

tube campanulate or cup-shaped, about 14 lin. long and as much in

diam. at the mouth, which is distinctly pentagonal and has a

slight inwardly projecting rim; lobes spreading, with recurved

tips, 24-3 lin. long, 24 lin. broad, very broadly ovate, shortly and

somewhat abruptly acuminate ; outer corona shortly cupular at the

base, divided into 10 narrowly deltoid-subulate acute teeth 3 lin. long,

which are straight, subequidistant, ascending-spreading and rising

to the mouth of the corolla-tube, yellow ; inner corona-lobes about

3 lin. long, subulate, incumbent upon the backs of the anthers at

the base, produced beyond them for half their length in a connivent-

erect column rising to the mouth of the corolla-tube.

CENTRAL Reaton : Laingsburg Div. ; along the main road to Ladismith, about

12 miles south of Laingsburg, Pillans, 668 !

Partly described from fresh flowers preserved in fluid. This is the tallest

species of the genus at present known.

7. T. flavum (N. E. Br. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. 165, t. 11,

fig. 2-4); plant about 6 in. high, with stems just like those of

S. piliferum in size and other characters, but the slender spines

terminating the tubercles are of a darker brown; pedicels }—} lin.

long, glabrous ; sepals 1-1} lin. long, tapering from the } lin.-broad

base to the very acute apex, glabrous; corolla about } in. in diam.,

lobed to half-way down, glabrous on both sides and not ciliate,

smooth outside, minutely papillate or smooth on the inner face, dull

yellow ; tube none, the united part flat; lobes ascending-spreading,

with recurved tips, about 2 lin. long and 2} lin. broad at the base,

broadly deltoid-ovate, rather abruptly or shortly subcuspidate-

acuminate ; outer corona-lobes | lin. long, very spreading or slightly

recurving, shortly connate at the base, deeply divided into 2 linear

diverging segments, which approach those of the adjacent lobes,

forming pairs of teeth somewhat resembling the mandibles of a

beetle, yellow, glabrous; inner corona-lobes scarcely } lin. long,

linear, obtuse, closely incumbent upon the backs of the anthers and

not exceeding them, dorsally adnate at the base to the outer corona,

yellow, glabrous. NV. EH. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. under t. 1905; K.

Schum. in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 275 ; Schlechter in

Journ. Bot. 1898, 475.

CentRaL Recion: Beaufort West Div. ; Rhenoster Kop, Foster in Herb.

Pillans, 171! Prince Albert Div. ; near Prince Albert, Marloth, 4385! Div. ¢

Karoo, Bain !

Partly described from fresh flowers preserved in fluid; those of the type are

very minutely papillate on the inner surface, whilst in Mr. Pillans’s specimens

they are smooth.

8. T. officinale (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 264) ; stems

about 5 in. high, like those of T. piliferum, but apparently with

fewer vertical series of spine-tippped tubercles; flowers 1-2 or

perhaps more together between the tubercles on the sides of the

_ stems ; pedicels }—1 lin. long, glabrous ; sepals 1-13 lin. long, ovate —

894 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). | Trichocawon.

or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ; corolla 5-6 lin. in diam.,

rotate, without a distinct tube, glabrous and smooth outside, finely

to very minutely puberulous all over the inner surface, entirely dark

purple-brown, or with the part round the corona yellow or orange

nearly up to the sinuses (Marloth); united part flattish or saucer-

shaped ; lobes spreading or ascending-spreading, with recurved tips,

13-2 lin. long, 14-2 lin. broad at the base, deltoid-ovate, acuminate,

outer corona arising near the base of the staminal column and attain-

ing to about the same level, forming 5 very short entire or notched

pouches alternating with the anthers and rising into 5 erect sub-

quadrate or subquadrate-ovate lobes behind the inner corona-lobes,

obtusely 3-toothed at the top, with the middle tooth inflexed upon

and adnate to the base of the inner corona-lobes, which are }—} lin.

long, linear-oblong, obtuse, incumbent upon the backs of the

anthers and about half as long as them. Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1898, 475; N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 489.

CentRaL Recion: Prieska Div. ; near Prieska, Marloth !

Katawart Reaion: Bechuanaland, ex Holmes! Griqualand West ; Asbestos

Mountains, Marloth, 3773 !

I originally described this plant from some transverse slices of the stem with

flowers attached, which, dried and threaded on a string, were imported into

America from Bechuanaland as a remedy for piles, and were presented to the Kew

Herbarium by Mr. E. M. Holmes, of the Pharmaceutical Society, in 1889. Of the

plavt from the Asbestos Mountains, fresh flowers preserved in formalin were sent

to Kew by Dr. Marloth, who informs me that the outer corona is of an orange

colour, and the corona of the type appears to have been of a similar colour, and

like that of Dr. Marloth’s specimen is glabrous, whilst the Prieska specimen (also

received in formalin) has the outer corona minutely puberulous on the back,

and according to a coloured drawing of it is purplish.

9. T. Marlothii (N. E. Br.); plant 3-4 in. high, with 3-4

cylindric or cylindric-ovoid branches 14-1} in. thick, narrowed

below, obtuse, covered with crowded obtuse tubercles 2-3 lin. in

diam., tipped with a minute point seated in a small depression,

glabrous, pale greyish ; flowers 2-5 together between the tubercles, —

subsessile or with pedicels up to } lin. long, developing successively ;

sepals 4 lin long, }~2 lin. broad, broadly ovate, acute, glabrous ;

corolla flat-topped and very shortly pointed in bud, when expanded

about 4 lin. in diam., lobed to half-way down, without a distinct

tube, the united part flattish or saucer-shaped, glabrous and smooth

outside and within, not ciliate ; lobes spreading, 1} lin. long and

broad, nearly like an equilateral triangle in outline, acute, dark

purple-brown (Marloth); outer corona divided into 10 filiform-

subulate teeth } lin. long, arranged in pairs behind the inner

corona-lobes, very spreading, curving towards each other ; inner

corona-lobes } lin. long, linear, obtuse, closely incumbent on the

backs of the anthers and produced beyond them, with the tips

probably connivent-erect. _ es

_ Cenrrat Rearon : Kenhardt Div. ; near Kenhardt,

Marla 37081

Eh ag se ataaesiantcs

Trichocaulon. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown), 895

10. T. cactiforme (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. under t. 1905, by

error cactiformis) ; plant 2—4 in. high, simple or branching at the

base into 2-5 cylindric or clavate stems 14-2 in. thick, covered

with crowded slightly prominent obtusely rounded. pointless

tubercles, glabrous, whitish-green, flowering at the very obtuse

apex ; pedicels $ lin. long, glabrous ; sepals ? lin. long, ovate, acute,

glabrous ; corolla } in. or more in diam., glabrous outside and

within, not ciliate, papillate-rugulose on the inner surface, pale

yellow spotted with blood-red; tube distinct, shallowly cup-

shaped ; lobes spreading, about 1} lin. long and as much or more

in breadth at the base, very broadly ovate or deltoid-ovate, abruptly

and shortly acuminate; outer corona-lobes ascending-spreading,

2 lin. long, divided nearly to the base into 2 linear-falcate widely

diverging segments which form mandible-like pairs of teeth with

those of the adjacent lobes behind the inner corona-lobes, yellow,

dotted with blood-red ; inner corona-lobes } lin. long, linear, obtuse,

closely incumbent upon the backs of the anthers and not produced

beyond them, dorsally connected at the base to the outer corona

and there produced into a short suberect tooth ; follicles diverging,

slightly incurved, 1}-2 in. long, 3-34 lin. thick, terete-fusiform,

acute, glabrous. K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii.

275; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 475. Stapelia clavata, Willd.

Sp. Pl. i. 1295; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 280; Poir. Encycl. Meth, vii. 391 ;

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 49; G@. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 117. S. cacti-

formis, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4127 ; Loud. Eneyel. Pl. 1330, fig. 18780 ;

Lemaire, Fl. des Serres, i. 51, t. 20, and Hort. Univ.) vi. 331, with

plate. — Stapelia, Paterson, Narrative of four journeys into the

country of the Hottentots, 60, t. 7.

Western REGION : Little Namaqualand ; between Koper Berg and Kookfontein,

Drége, 6399! near Ookiep, ex Pillans, and without precise locality, Barkly, 37!

Little Bushmanland (Gezelschaps Bank ?), Paterson !

Also in Tropical German South-west Africa. This remarkable plant, so far as

known to me, has only flowered in Europe once, in 1844, when it was figured in

the Botanical Magazine from a plant sent by Zeyher from Little Namaqualand,

all the other figures, except Paterson’s, are copied from that one.

11. T. simile (N. E. Br.); stem not seen, but according to a

sketch resembling that of T. cactiforme, oblong or globose-obovoid

and up to 1# in. high and 14 in. thick, “ quite smooth, only a little

wrinkled ” (Marloth), flowering at the top; pedicels 1} lin. long,

‘glabrous; sepals 4-3 lin. long and quite as broad, broadly ovate,

acute, glabrous; corolla 4} lin. in diam., quite glabrous and not

ciliate on the lobes, smooth outside, minutely papillate-rugulose on

the inner face of the lobes, “deep purple-brown” (Marloth) ; tube

1} lin. long, 23 lin. in diam. outside, cup-shaped ; lobes spreading,

1} lin. long and as much in breadth, triangular in outline, acute ;

outer corona shortly cupular at the base, acutely 15-toothed, with

the teeth arranged in 5 groups of 3 behind the inner corona-lobes

and the lateral teeth longer than and arching over the middle tooth,

896 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). | Zrichocaulon.

suberect, rising to the level of the inner corona, { lin. long ; inner

corona-lobes }$ lin. long, flat, oblong-linear, obtuse, ascending-conni-

vent, closely pressed to the backs of the anthers and shortly

exceeding them, dorsally connected at the base to the cup of the

outer corona.

Coast Recion: Van Rhynsdorp Div. ; near Van Rhynsdorp, Marloth, 4571!

Of this I have only seen a single flower in fluid and a rough outline sketch

of the plant.

XLVI. HOODIA, Sweet.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla large, flat, concave or cup-shaped, with

a very small proper tube, just enclosing the corona ; limb obsoletely

or but slightly 5-lobed; lobes abruptly terminated by a subulate

point, valvate in bud. Corona double, arising from the staminal

column ; outer corona of 5 concave spreading lobes, emarginate or

bifid at the apex ; inner corona of 5 linear lobes incumbent upon

the backs of the anthers, dorsally connected to the outer corona by

5 short partitions. Staminal column arising from near the base of

the small corolla-tube ; anthers incumbent on the top of the style,

subquadrate, without an appendage at the apex. Style not produced

beyond the anthers, truncate at the apex. llicles elongated,

terete-fusiform, solitary or in pairs, divaricate, smooth.

Stout succulent perennials, bushily branched, leafless; stems very thick,

cylindric, with many tuberculate angles; tubercles spine- or bristle-toothed ;

flowers large and showy, in small clusters of 2-5 or sometimes solitary, arising

from the grooves between the angles of the stem towards or at the top,

developing successively.

Distris, Species 10, the others in Tropical Africa.

Corolla hairy all over the inner surface, in dried flowers

less than 2 in. in diam. ee ts “is ... (1) Dregei.

Corolla entirely without hairs :

Corolla slightly rough (sprinkled with papillz) on the

centre of the inner surface :

Corolla 3-4 in. in diam. :

Plant 1-14 ft. high, with light-brown spines ;

corolla very slightly concave or nearly fiat,

with or without revolute margins... ... (6) Gordoni.

Plant of unknown height, with white spines ;

corolla broadly cup-shaped ot ... (7) albispina.

Corolla 24 in. in diam., apparently concave ; plant

CG di cic oe i so

Corolla meg without papille on the central area

wi :

Corolla 34-4 in. in diam., apparently slightly

concave or flattish ce eee oa ... (5) Burkei.

Corolla 2-3 in. in diam., distinctly cup-shaped :

Outer corona-lobes deeply bifid, with deltoid

acute tecth i ee G6. (2) Barkly

Outer corona-lobes emarginate .. 0... ws (8) Bainii,

Hoodia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 897

1. H. Dregei (N. E. Br.) ; stems 1} in. or more in diam., with

20-24 tuberculate ribs, glabrous ; tubercles conical, tipped with a

stiff bristle 24-3 lin. long; pedicels short, becoming about 5 lin.

long in fruit, glabrous; sepals 14-2 lin. long, lanceolate-subulate,

glabrous ; corolla of the dried specimen 1}-1} in. in diam., probably

cup- or saucer-shaped, slightly and broadly 5-lobed, glabrous outside,

thickly covered all over inside with simple hairs 3-1 lin. long ; lobes

obtuse, tipped with a subulate point 14-1} lin. long ; outer corona

cup-shaped, with 5 short transversely oblong emarginate or shortly

and broadly bifid lobes, blackish-purple ; inner corona-lobes 3 lin.

long, linear, obtuse, incumbent on the backs of the anthers and not

produced beyond them, dorsally adnate to the outer corona, blackish-

purple.

SourH AFrica : without locality, Drége, 5616 !

2. H. Barklyi (Dyer in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv. 252, t. 5, fig. 3) ;

plant very much branched, probably not more than 1 ft, high ;

“main branches nearly 2 in. in diam., branchlets about 1 in. in

diam., greyish-green” (Barkly), in the specimen seen with about

16 angles or series of tubercles, each tipped with a slender brown

spine }-} in. long ; pedicels “ not above } in. long, stout ” (Barkly) ;

“calyx very small, no bigger than the corona above it” (Barkly) ;

corolla in bud 5-winged at the upper half, truncate with a short

central point, when expanded about 2 in. in diam., cup-shaped, } in.

deep, truncate at the slightly 10-angled margin, with 5 slender

points about 1 lin. long, glabrous and smooth outside and within,

dull yellow ; outer corona-lobes deeply bifid, forming 10 equidistant

deltoid acute teeth, “nearly black” (Barkly); inner corona “a

raised star of 5 strap-shaped rays of a light brown colour” (Barkly) ;

lobes linear, subacute, broadened at the base and there dorsally

connected with the inflexed sinuses of the outer corona. N. E. Br.

in Hook. Ic. Pl. under t. 1905, p. 3; K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl,

Pflanzenfam, iv. ii. 275 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 475,

CENTRAL Region: Worcester or Prince Albert Div. ; Karoo, Lycett (Barkly, 5)!

The habitat of this species is unknown. A living plant of it was brought from

the Karoo and sent by Mr. Lycett of Worcester in 1873 to the Botanic Garden at

Cape Town, where it flowered in 1874, and a drawing, branch and one flower were

sent to Kew by Sir Henry Barkly, with the above information and a description.

The calyx and corona belonging to the flower were unfortunately missing.

3. H. Bainii (Dyer in Bot. Mag. t. 6348) ; plant 6-8 in, high in

the specimens seen (12-15 in., Barkly), bushily branched ; branches

1-1} in. thick, with 12-15 tuberculate angles, glabrous, green, some-

what glaucous; tubercles tipped with a slender pale brown spine

34-5 lin. long ; flowers 1-2 together, glabrous in all parts ; pedicels

4-4 in. long ; sepals 2-2} lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate ;

corolla in bud hemispheric at the basal part, 5-winged above, trun-

cate, with a short central point, when expanded 24~3 in. in diam.,

VOL, IV.— SECT, I,—PART VI. 3M

898 : ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). [ Hoodia.

cup-shaped, about 1 in. deep, subtruncate at the margin with 5

subulate or awn-like points 14-3 lin. long, glabrous, smooth, not

papillate on the central part, light yellow or pale buff, sometimes

tinged with pinkish or very pale purple; tube obsolete, represented

by a slight depression from which the blackish corona is exserted

or its margin resting upon the rim, when dried contained in a very

small cup ; outer corona 13-2 lin. in diam., cupular, 5-lobed ; lobes

1} lin. long, nearly 1 lin. broad, transverse, emarginate ; inner

corona-lobes 2 lin. long, oblong, obtuse, closely incumbent upon the

backs of the anthers and not exceeding them, dorsally connected to

the inflexed sinuses of the outer corona; follicles 4-5 in. long,

45 lin, thick, terete-fusiform, tapering to a beak, glabrous, smooth ;

seeds 3-34 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, ovate, flat, with a slightly

thickened margin, glabrous, smooth, light brown. N. H. Br. im

Hook. Ie. Pl. under t. 1905, p. 3; K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl,

Pflanzenfam, iv. ii. 275; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 475.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Drége, 5617 !

CeNnTRaL Recion: Prince Albert or Beaufort West Div. ; Dwyka River and

Uitkyk, Bain, 11! and cultivated specimens! near Grootfontein, Pillans !

Carnarvon Div. ; near Van Wyks Vlei, Alston in Herb. Pillans, 127 !

_According to Mr. Bain this is called ‘‘ Wolve n’Gaap” by the Hottentots. Both

Sir Henry Barkly and Mr. Pillans state that this plant is 12-15 in. high, yet

neither of the 4 living plants sent to England were more than half as tall, and

Mr. Pillans speaks of it as ‘‘a stunted species.” Have two closely allied forms

been confused? Specimens collected by Orpen at St. Clair near Douglas in

Herbert Div., and distributed by MacOwan under no. 3397, may possibly belong

to this species, but living material is needed to properly identify the plant.

4. H. Pillansii (N. E. Br.); plant about 5-6 in. high, bushily

branched ; branches 1-1} in. thick, with 15-18 tuberculate angles,

whitish or glaucous-green ; tubercles tipped with a slender brown

spine 3-44 lin. long; flowers 1-2 together ; pedicels not seen ;

sepals 2-24 lin. long, ovate, acuminate, glabrous ; corolla about

21 in. in diam., apparently concave, with the margin obscurely

pentagonal, with 5 awn-like points 14-2 lin. long, rough with small

papille on the central part within, elsewhere smooth and glabrous,

“salmon-coloured, with the centre a pretty peach-colour ” (Pillans) ;

tube in the dried flowers a small cup about 2 lin. in diam., con-

taining the corona, which in living flowers probably rises to the

level of the mouth or beyond ; outer corona cupular, 5-lobed, with

the lobes about } lin. long and 3 lin. broad, truncate, but appearing

emarginate in dried flowers from the central part being slightly

doubled inwards in the direction of their length, apparently dark

purple-brown, as also the 3 lin.-long oblong-linear obtuse inner

corona-lobes, which shortly exceed the anthers and slightly cross

each other at the tips.

Cxntnat Rucron : Prince Albert Div. ; Grootfontein, Pillans, 164!

_ Described from living stems and dried flowers. Mt

Hoodia] ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 899

5. H. Burkei (N. E. Br.) ; plant more than 1 ft. high, resembling

H. Gordoni ; tubercles of the stems tipped with a slender brown

spine 1~—} in. long ; pedicels 4-8 lin. long, glabrous ; sepals 24-3 lin.

long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ; corolla 34-4 in. in

diam., slightly concave or flattish, subcircular, with the lobes very

obscurely indicated by 5 very slight emarginations alternating with

5 awn-like points } in. long, glabrous and smooth all over, not

roughly papillate on the central area; corona equalling or perhaps

slightly exserted from the small cup-like tube, apparently dark

purple-brown ; outer corona cupular, 5-lobed ; lobes } lin. long,

7 lin. broad, transverse, very broadly notched to about half-way

down ; inner corona-lobes }—2 lin. long, oblong-linear, obtuse, closely

incumbent upon the backs of the anthers, broader than and

exceeding them and meeting or crossing. at their tips, dorsally

connected to the inflexed sinuses of the outer corona. Stapelia

Gordoni, Hook. in Lond. Journ. Bot. 1843, 164, and in Ic. Pl. under

tt. 605-606, not of Masson. Scytanthus Gordoni, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 625,

and in Lond. Journ. Bot. 1846, 111.

CENTRAL ReGion: Beaufort West Div. ; near the Gamka River, Burke, 464 !

Prince Albert Div. ; Willow Fountain (Wilgefontein), Burke, 463! without

locality (but probably collected at one of the above places when travelling with

Burke), Zeyher, 1142! and Zeyher, 1144, in fruit only, is probably this species !

This species has hitherto been confused with H. Gordoni, but I find that

it conspicuously differs from that species by the centre of the corolla being

smooth, not roughly papillate as in H. Gordoni, the spines on the stems

seem also to be more slender and of a different brown. Although Burke’s

localities are correctly cited in the London Journal of Botany, 1846, 111, yet it is

erroneously stated in Jcones Plantarum, under tt. 605-606, that Burke discovered

this plant on the banks of the Orange River. But the point where Burke and

Zeyher crossed the Orange River (according to Burke’s diary) is over 450 miles

from the localities where Burke collected it on the return journey from the

Transvaal, nearly 600 miles from the home of the true H. Gordoni, and where

no Hoodias have yet been discovered.

6. H. Gordoni (Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 2, 359); plant 1-1} ft.

high, with erect branches about 2 in. thick, glaucous-green, with

the numerous angles beset with slender light brown spines 3-44 lin.

long ; pedicels }—} in. long, glabrous ; sepals 24-3 lin. long, ovate-

lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ; corolla in bud somewhat resembling

a narrow pentagonal cone, with 5 very broad wings descending from

the short central point to the base, truncate at the top and slightly

hooked at the outer angles; when expanded 3-4 in. in diam., sub-

circular with 5 very broad crenations, each very abruptly tipped

with a slender arista-like point 24-3 lin. long, very slightly concave

or nearly flat, with or without revolute margins, pale purple,

radiately marked with pale greenish-yellow stripes along the veins,

thickly sprinkled on the central part with minute dark red papille,

elsewhere quite glabrous, but with a somewhat velvet-like appear-

ance ; tube very small, about } in. in diam., just containing the

corona, slightly raised around the mouth; outer corona-lobes

ee ‘ oe oes...

900 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Hoodia.

ascending-spreading, somewhat pouch-like at the base, about 3 lin.

long and 3 lin. broad, transversely subrectangular, emarginate or

shortly and obtusely bifid at the apex, with inflexed sinuses between

them, purple-black, with a shining linear space down the centre of

each ; inner corona-lobes }—2 lin. long, linear, obtuse or truncate,

incumbent upon the backs of the anthers and not exceeding them,

dorsally connected to the outer corona at the inflexed sinuses

between the lobes, purple-black; follicles 24-3 in. long, terete,

fusiform, tapering to an acute beak, slightly hooked at the apex,

smooth, glabrous ; seeds not seen. Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 665 ;

N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1875, iv. 452, and in Hook. Ic. Pl. under

t. 1905, p. 3; Dyer in Bot. Mag. t. 6228 (eacl. analyses), and Journ.

Linn. Soc. xv. 252, t. 5, fig. 1; Gard. and Forest, x..75; K. Schum.

in Monatsschr. Kakt. iii. 57, fig. excl. analyses ; Schlechter in Journ.

Bot. 1898, 475. H. Gordonii, K. Schum. in Engl umd Pranil,

Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 275, fig. 82, eacl. analyses. Stapelia Gordon,

Masson, Stap. 24, t.40; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1285; Pers. Syn. Pl, i, 279 5

Poir. Encycl. vii. 383; Kerner, Hort. t. 154; Haw. Syn. Pl. Suce.

25; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 25. S. Gordonii, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i.

840; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 886. Gonostemon’? Gordoni, Sweet, Hort.

Brit. ed. 1,278. Monothylaceum Gordoni, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 116.

Western Recon : Little Namaqualand ; near Henkries, 12 miles south of the

Orange River, Barkly! also cultivated specimen! Great Namaqualand ; towards

the Orange River, Gordon (ex Masson).

Described from a living plant, sent by Sir Henry Barkly in 1874 from Little

Namaqualand to Kew, where it flowered in August, 1875. The buds are

wrongly represented in the Botanical Magazine from an immature example.

Those on Masson’s plate, although rough, are more nearly correct, for as they mature,

the parts of the corolla corresponding to the midribs of the lobes are folded in

gti " the centre so that the bud appears to consist of 5 broad wings, truncate

at the top.

The specimens collected by Burke, hitherto referred to this species, belong to

H, Burkei, N. E, Br.

7. H. albispina (N. E. Br.); size of plant unknown, only one

dried branch seen, 44 in. long, and ? in. thick, but evidently much

shrunk in drying, with about 15 tuberculate angles ; tubercles

tipped with a white spine 24-3 lin. long; pedicels very short, 2 lin.

long in the specimen seen; sepals 2-3 lin. long, attenuate from a

1 lin.-broad base, glabrous ; corolla 3-34 in. in diam., broadly cup-

_ shaped, about 1 in. deep, with 5 very broad and slight crenations,

each abruptly tipped with a subulate or awn-like point 14-2 lin.

long, sprinkled and roughened on the central area within with small

papille, otherwise glabrous and smooth ; corona apparently slightly

exserted from the very small tube, very dark purple-brown ; outer

corona cupular, with 5 transverse broadly emarginate or notched

lobes 4—} lin. long and 1 lin. broad; inner corona-lobes scarcely

} lin. long, oblong, obtuse, not exceeding the anthers and not nearly

meeting at the tips. ;

——» CENTRAL Rectoy ; Carnarvon Div. ; Van Wyks Vlei, Alston in Herb. Pillans, 18! .

Tavaresia. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 901

XLVII. TAVARESIA, Welw.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla large, tubular-funnel-shaped, 5-lobed ;

lobes valvate in bud, the sinuses between them forming acute pro-

jecting angles. Corona double, arising from the staminal column ;

outer corona shortly tubular at the base, then divided into 10 long

filiform segments, each terminated by a knob, and usually with a

minute tooth between the pairs of segments that alternate with the

anthers ; inner corona of 5 narrow lobes incumbent upon the backs

of the anthers and dorsally connected with the basal part of the

outer corona by short partitions. Staminal column arising from the

base of the corolla; anthers ovate-oblong, without appendages,

incumbent upon the top of the style. Pollen-masses solitary in each

anther-cell, horizontal, rather large, compressed, pellucid-margined

along one side, attached in pairs by short caudicles to subulate

lateral processes from the pollen-carriers. Style not exceeding the

anthers, flat and pentagonal at the apex. ollicles not seen, but

produced in pairs (Mrs. Barber), somewhat diverging, narrowly

lanceolate-fusiform, smooth. Seeds rather small, crowned with a

tuft of hairs.

Leafless succulent perennials, branching at the base ; stems erect or ascending,

6-12-angled ; angles tuberculate-toothed, each tubercle furnished with 3 bristles ;

flowers 1-4 together at the base of the young stems, successively developed.

Distris, Species 2, both occurring in Tropical Africa, one confined to it.

1. T. Barklyi (N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 494) ;

stems 3-4 in. high, 3—} in. thick, cylindric, 10—12-angled, deep

green or tinged with purplish ; angles with very short closely set

tubercles, each terminated by 3 white bristles; central bristle

horizontal, the two lateral rather shorter, deflexed and diverging

from each other at nearly a right angle; pédicels 3} in. long,

glabrous ; sepals 3-34 lin. long, lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ;

corolla outside smooth, pale greenish or greenish-white, spotted with

purple-red ; inside densely papillate, pale yellowish, covered with

small (mostly linear in the tube) purple-red spots, except at the

base, which is entirely purple-red ; tube 14-2 in. long, about 1 in.

in diam. at the mouth ; lobes spreading, }-} in. long and about as

broad, deltoid, acuminate; outer corona 4}—5 lin. long, shortly

tubular at the base, divided into 10 filiform segments terminating

in pendulous globose knobs, the filiform parts and knobs purple-

brown, the lower part white, with the margins, some broad stripes

alternating with each pair of filaments and a few linear spots all

dark purple-brown ; inner corona-lobes } lin. long, linear, incumbent

upon the backs of the anthers, which they slightly exceed, dorsally

connected to the outer corona by short partitions, purple-brown.

Decabelone Barklyi, Dyer in Bot. Mag. t. 6203, and in Journ. Linn.

Soc. xv. 249-250, t. 5, fig. 4; N. EH. Br. in Hook. Ic, Pl. under t.

902 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Tavaresia.

1905, p. 3; K. Schum. in Engl. wnd Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 275 ;

Gard. Chron. 1900, xxvii. 210, fig. 67; Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1898, 476.

CenTRAL ReGIon: Richmond Div.; Karoo, near Richmond Road Station,

Foster in Herb. Pillans, 99! Colesberg Div. ; near Colesberg, Shaw ! Barkly, 26 !

Prieska Div. ; Karoo, by the Orange River, near Prieska, Lichtenstein !

Western Recon: Little Namaqualand ; between Koper Berg and Kookfontein

Drége, 6395 !

XLVill. HUERNIA, R. Br.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla wholly campanulate or with a short

tube more or less constricted at its mouth and a very abruptly or

horizontally spreading limb, 5-lobed, with 5 small teeth alternating

with the lobes, formed by the projecting sinuses, in one species with

the teeth and lobes of nearly equal size, both small and tooth-like,

smooth, papillate or beset with simple or clavate hairs or processes

on the inner surface. Outer corona spreading upon and more or less

adnate to the bottom of the corolla-tube, disk-like and 5- or 10-crenate

or toothed, or the disk with 5 distinct lobes, or the lobes free to the

base, bifid, emarginate or rarely entire, entirely absent in one species.

Inner corona arising from the upper part of the staminal column, of

5 simple lobes incumbent upon the backs of the anthers and equalling

or exceeding them, subulate or clavate or thickened at the apex,

often with a slight transverse dorsal ridge at their base, but no

crest, wing or dorsal horn. Pollen-masses solitary in each anther-

cell, subhorizontal, pellucid just within the straight margin near the

free end, attached in pairs by short triangular caudicles to lateral

wing-like expansions of the pollen-carrier.

Perennial succulent dwarf plants ; stems leafless, angular, simply toothed or

sometimes with bristle-pointed teeth along the angles, glabrous ;_ flowers

solitary or in small clusters near the base or middle of the young stems, of

moderate size.

Disrris. Species over 30, one in Arabia, 6 or 7 in Tropical Africa, the

remainder in South Africa.

Outer corona none: ,,. oe soe is ... (12) simplex.

Outer corona well developed :

inner corona-lobes wholly incumbent upon the anthers

and not produced beyond their tips into erect

points ; corolla-limb very abruptly spreading from

the tube, saucer-shaped, cupular or subhorizontal :

Corolla very distinctly raised into a broad smooth

convex ring around the mouth of the tube.

(See also 20, H. venusta, of which the corona is

unknown):

Corolla-lobes marked with transverse purple-

brown bars and distinctly pubescent or

_ puberulous on the inner surface oss ... (23) zebrina.

Corolla-lobes dotted with blood-red and minutely

pene fe ages the inner surface, but’without —__

oe HS os Sarl ae ee ; eee ates ee (17) humilis.

Huernia.| ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). 903

Corolla not or inconspicuously raised into a convex

ring around the mouth of the tube, —_

scabrous ,.. a . (16) scabra, var. 5.

Inner corona-lobes paid bayeiad the sihtdlahe tin

into short or long points, connivent-erect or

connivent with diverging or recurving tips :

Tips of the connivent-erect inner corona-lubes

enlarged and somewhat resembling an inverted

foot ; corolla-lobes recurved-spreading, covered

with stout subulate acute processes... ..- (8) Hystrix.

Tips of the inner corona-lobes clavate (not foot-like)

or linear and slightly thickened, obtuse, erect

or recurving. (See also 24, #. stapelioides) :

Stems with 20-24 vertical series of bristle-

pointed tubercles; corolla covered on the

inner face with obtuse terete tag a4 lh lin,

Jong ee a sis (6) Pillansii.

Stems acutely a a ae

Corolla wholly campanulate, with the tube

gradually passing into the lobes or limb,

covered with short stiff conical or some-

what flattened processes on the inner

surface :

Corolla-tube of living flowers 4 lin. long ;

lobes about 3 lin. long and broad --» (9) loeseneriana.

Corolla-tube of living flowers 9-103 lin.

long ; lobes about 5 lin. long and broad (10) longituba.

Corolla-limb saucer-shaped, lobed to half-way

down, very abruptly or horizontally spread-

ing from the globose-campanulate tube,

densely covered with subulate processes

around the mouth and in the throat of the

tube ... bay aes cee aes .. (21) Kirkii.

Tips of the inner corona-lobes subulate, eid

acute or finely pointed, not at all thickened:

Stems (excluding the teeth) somewhat obtusely

8-9-angled ; corolla-lobes abruptly recurved-

spreading from the tube, covered with hair-

pointed papillz ... ie a (7) distincta.

Stems acutely 4-5- (rarely 6-) angled Siclbioii'ta in

4, H. decemdentata) :

* Corolla wholly campanulate, with the tube

gradually passing into the limb or lobes,

sometimes slightly constricted at the

middle, with long clavate purple hairs on

Corolla subequall '10-toothed or the lobes

not greatly r than the alternating

teeth as eee cs .s ..- (4) decemdentata.

Corolla-lobes several or many times larger than

the alternating teeth :

Corolla spotted with purple outside and

with blackish-purple on a whitish or

sulphur-yellow ground within, with

clavate hairs only at the middle, not

nearly extending to the base of the

wees eg Wie ve - (1) campanulata.

904 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Huernia.

Corolla not spotted outside, spotted with

crimson within :

Clavate hairs very numerous or crowded,

extending from below the middle of

the tube to the base or middle of

the lobes; outer corona-lobes sub-

truncate, emarginate or obtusely

bifid, rarely 3-crenate :

Corolla-lobes 6-8 lin. long; ground-

colour sulphur-yellow to pale

buff... ci ses 2 ... (2) barbata.

Corolla-lobes 3-4 lin. long; ground-

colour ochreous or dull greenish-

yellow ae 7 eh ... (8) clavigera.

Clavate hairs rather scattered and chiefly

confined to the middle part of the

corolla-tube, not nearly extending

to the base of the lobes; outer

corona-lobes acutely bifid ... ... (2) barbata, var. +.

** Corolla-limb or lobes very abruptly or hori-

zontally spreading or recurving from the

rer campanulate or globose-campanulate

tube :

+ Corolla-disk raised into a convex ring often

broad and very conspicuous around the

mouth of the tube:

Corolla with clavate purple hairs within

and around the mouth of the tube,

ring smooth or the spots on it slightly

raised :

Corolla with or without a minute bristle-

like pubescence on the lobes ; spots

large, irregular or confluent, pro-

ducing a reticulated appearance ;

outer corona black ... es ... (22) reticulata.

Corolla minutely papillate on the lobes ;

spots small, rounded ; outer corona

pale yellowish? on the disk with

dull red or crimson lobes... ... (18) ocellata.

Corolla with the ring or disk and throat of

the tube covered with stiffly erect

short thick clavate dark purple-brown

hairs seated on conical papillee ... (14) prestans.

Corolla with some acute fleshy spine-like

processes }-} lin. long in the throat

of the tube and just around its mouth

on the inner margin of the smooth

ring, but no hairs bbe ae ... (19) guttata.

Corolla very scabrous on the ring with

acute conical papille, which at the

mouth and in the throat of the tube

are tipped with a short stiff acute hair (16) seabra.

Corolla described as glabrous (without

clavate hairs processes or conical tuber-

cles?) within the tube, but

minutely papillate on the lobes... (20) vennsta.

Huernia. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 905

tt Corolla-disk more or less convexly raised

around the mouth of the tube, but not

forming a very conspicuous ring, and as

well as the throat of the tube scabrous

with conical papille, those in the throat

tipped with a minute acute hair... .-. (16) seabra, vars.

ttt Corolla-disk not convexly raised around the

mouth of the tube, or only at the parts

alternating with the lobes, not forming a

perfectly continuous or conspicuous ring,

sometimes narrow ; lobes widely spread-

ing or recurved :

Corolla spotted or minutely dotted with

crimson and with a crimson or purple

area at the bottom of the tube :

Corolla papillate-scabrous from the throat

of the tube to the middle or tips of

the lobes, with or without a minute

hair at the tips of the papille in the

throat :

Outer corona-lobes purple - brown,

united for half their length into

a distinct disk which is often

paler in colour... ss .. (16) scabra, var,

Outer corona-lobes black, not a

into a distinct disk sis +.» (15) brevirostris.

Corolla minutely papillate on the lobes,

smooth around the mouth of the

tube, which is bearded with long |

stiff thick purple-brown hairs .». (5) Piersii.

Corolla smooth and without hairs on the

inner surface, but the spets very

slightly raised ve wed ... (13) Thureti.

Corolla pale greenish-yellow to deep

primrose-yellow, without spots, smooth

or papillatenonbrous on the disk and

lobes :

Corolla 14-12.in. in diam., faintly

purple at the bottom of the tube ;

papille in the throat of the tube

hair-tipped ... eats Gee .. (16) seabra, var. B.

Corolla 3-1} in. in diam., not purplish ss

the bottom of the "tube ; no hair-

tipped papille ee wi .. (11) primulina.

See also Stapelia fasciculata, Thunb., which may belong to this genus.

1, H. campanulata (R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 22); stems

erect, 14-5 in. long, 4—} in. thick, acutely 4—5-angled, green or

mottled with purplish ; angles compressed, with spreading deltoid

acute teeth 1-2 lin. long; flowers 2—3 together near the base of the

young stems, developing in succession; pedicels 3-6 lin. long,

glabrous ; sepals narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ; corolla

somewhat pear-shaped and obtusely pentagonal in bud, with a

short acute point and a small conical tooth at each angle ; when

estas about 1} in. in diam., campanulate, with a_ slight

906 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [Huernia.

contraction at the middle, thence gradually passing into the broadly

funnel-shaped limb and spreading lobes; outside smooth, pale

greenish, spotted with purple; inside minutely papillate, bearded

with stiff clavate purple hairs at the throat of the tube, whitish or

pale sulphur-yellow, marked with raised blackish-purple or blackish-

crimson spots, passing into transverse lines in the tube, which is

entirely dark purple at the base; lobes 5-6 lin. long and about as

broad at the base, deltoid, acuminate ; outer corona-lobes much

broader than long, subtruncate, emarginate, blackish, shining ;

inner corona-lobes subulate, acute, connivent over the style-apex, with

recurved tips, slightly gibbous on the back at the base, dark purple.

Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 28 ; Allg. Teutsch. Gart. Mag. 1818, 17, ¢. 2;

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 5; Loud. Hort. Brit. 97, and Encyel. Pl. 202 ;

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 112; DO. Prodr. viii. 651; Schlechter in Journ.

Bot. 1898, 484. Heurnia campanulata, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 841;

| Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 887 ; K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

iv. ii. 281. Stapelia campanulata, Masson, Stap. 11, t. 6; Willd. Sp.

Pl. i. 1293; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 280; Bot. Mag. t. 1227; Jacq. Stap.

t.1; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 95; Poir. Encycl. vii. 389, and in

Dict. Sc. Nat. 1, 394.

_Var. 8, denticoronata (N, E. Br.) ; outer corona-lobes as long as broad, deeply

divided into two acute lobes, dark purple-brown, paler at the base.

SoutH Arrica: in dry regions, Masson.

Cextrat Reaion: Var. 8: Prince Albert or Laingsburg Div. ; near Laings-

burg, Pillans, 157 !

: H. campanulata, Sprenger in Monatsschr. Kakt. iv. 37, which I have not seen,

is evidently, from the description, not the same as H. campanulata, R. Br., and

probably belongs to H. barbata, Haw., or its variety tubata, N. E. Br.

2. H. barbata (Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 31); stems erect, 1}-2} in.

long, 4-3 in. thick, acutely 4-5-angled, glabrous, glaucous-green ;

angles with spreading deltoid acute teeth 1} lin. long ; flowers 2 or

more, successively developed near the base of the young stems;

pedicels 1-1 in. long, rather slender, glabrous; sepals about } in.

long, lanceolate-subulate, glabrous; corolla acutely pointed and

pentagonal in bud, when expanded 14-2 in. in diam., campanulate,

with ascending-spreading or gradually recurving lobes, glabrous and

without spots outside, clear or dirty sulphur-yellow to pale buff on

the inside, marked on the lobes and upper part of the tube with

blood-red dots, which pass into transverse interrupted lines on the

lower part of the tube, covered from the middle of the tube to the

base or to 3 of the way up the lobes with long stiff clavate purple

hairs, which become minute upon the lobes, each seated on a purple-

brown papilla, with the tips and margins of the lobes papillate ;

tube 2-1 in. long ; lobes }—3 in. long and nearly as broad, deltoid,

acuminate ; outer-corona 5-lobed, blackish or blackish-crimson ;

lobes subquadrate, emarginate or shortly and obtusely bifid ; inner

corona-lobes 14-2 lin. long, subulate, slightly gibbous at the base, —

Tuernia, | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 907

connivent over the style-apex at the basal part, then divergent-

ascending, with suberect tips, purple. Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 8 ;

Loud. Hort. Brit. 97, and Encycl. Pl. 202; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv.

113; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 651; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898,

485. H. crispa, Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 31 ; Schultes, lc. 8; G. Don,

lc. 113; Deene, lc. 651 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 485. H.

barbata, var. crispa, Loud. Encycl. Pl. 202. Heurnia barbata,

Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 841 ; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 887 (excl. syn. S. humilis,

Masson). Stapelia barbata, Masson, Stap. 11, t. 7; Willd. Sp. Pl. i.

1293; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 280; Jacq. Stap. t. 2; Poir. Encyel. vii.

389, and in Dict. Sc. Nat. 1. 395; At. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 95; Lodd.

Bot. Cab. t. 225; Bot. Mag. t. 2401.

Var. 8, tubata (N. E. Br.); outer corona subequally 10-crenate or obscurely

and very broadly 5-lobed, with the lobes rounded or emarginate, otherwise as in

the type. HH. tubata, Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 30, and Suppl. Pl. Suce. 10 ; Schultes,

Syst. Veg. vi. 8; G. Don, Gen, Syst. iv. 113, including var. duodecimfida, Loud.

Encycl, Pl. 202, fig. 83349 ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 651; Schlechter in Journ.

Bot, 1898, 485 (excl. syn. S. crassa, Donn). H. duodecimfida, Sweet, Hort. Brit.

ed. 2, 359. Heurnia tubata, Spreng. Syst. i. 841 (excl. syn. H. humilis) ;

K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 280. Stapelia tubata, Jacq.

Stap. t. 3; Poir. Encycl. Suppl. v. 233; Willd. Enum, Pl. Hort. Berol. 287 ;

Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol, i. 255. 8. duodecimyfida, Jacq. Stap. t. 4.

S. tubulosa, Hort. ex Steud, Nom. Bot. ed. 2, ii. 632.

Var. y, griquensis (N. E. Br.) ; stems not seen; corolla-tube of dried flower

. about $ in. long; lobes about 5 lin. long and 84-4 lin. broad at the base,

narrowly deltoid, very acuminate ; clavate hairs much less numerous than in the

type, thinly scattered about the middle part of the corolla and not nearly

extending up to the base of the lobes ; outer corona with 5 subquadrate lobes

% lin. long and nearly as broad, acutely bifid ; otherwise as in the type.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Masson, and cultivated specimens! Van. B,

cultivated specimens !

CentRAL ReEaion: Somerset Div.; near Sheldon, Mrs, Hutton in Herb.

Pillans, 162! cultivated specimens, MacOwan! Colesberg Div. ? cultivated

specimens from a plant collected ‘‘in the Karoo towards Colesberg,” Shaw !

KanaHart Recion: Var. y: Griqualand West ; Diamond Fields, Tuck in

Herb. MacOwan, 2245!

Described (except var. y) from living plants. The ground colour of the corolla

varies, as upon one plant sent to me by Dr. Shiw in 1874 I had open at the same

time flowers with a clear sulphur-yellow ground and spreading limb and others

with a dirty sulphur-yellow ground and recurved limb, Occasionally 6-lobed

flowers are produced, and a plant of the variety tubata, with 6-lobed flowers was

figured with a distinct name by Jacquin, but in my experience this is not a

constant character, the plant always reverts to the normal 5-lobed flowers.

3. H. clavigera (Haw. Suppl. Pl. Succ. 10); plant about 2 (or

under cultivation 2-4) in. high ; stems erect or ascending, }—1 in.

thick, acutely 4—5-angled, glabrous, dull green, often blotched with

purplish where exposed to the sun ; angles with stout acute horizon-

tal teeth, 1-3 lin. long; flowers 1-5 together at the base of the

young stems, developing successively ; pedicels 14-7} lin. long, 1

lin. thick, glabrous ; sepals 2-3 lin. long, lanceolate or ovate-lanceo-

908 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Huernia.

late, subulate-acuminate, glabrous ; corolla campanulate, a little

contracted at the middle so as to resemble a wide-mouthed bell,

14-1} in. in diam., with short slightly spreading or suberect lobes,

outside prominently nerved, glabrous, pale greenish or yellowish-

white; inside pale ochre-yellow or dull greenish-yellow, thickly

covered with very minute dark purple-brown papille and small

blood-red spots, which in the tube become confluent into irregular

blotches that nearly cover it or suddenly pass into narrow trans-

verse lines or belts, bottom of the tube entirely blood-red, limb and

throat (but not the lobes) covered with stiff outstanding clavate

purple hairs ; tube 2-1 in. long; lobes 3-4 lin. long and 4-5 lin.

broad, deltoid, acute or subacuminate ; outer corona 5-lobed, black,

with the central part purple-brown velvety ; lobes about 1 lin.

long and slightly broader, subquadrate or transverse, bifid, with

obtuse teeth or rarely subequally 3-toothed, at each sinus between

the lobes is a minute tooth; inner corona-lobes 14-2 lin. long,

subulate, with a dorsal ridge at their base, connivent over the

style-apex at the lower half, then diverging with erect tips,

dark purple-brown. Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 9; G. Don, Gen. Syst.

iv. 113; Decne in DOC. Prodr. viii. 651 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1898, 485. H. barbata, Fl. des Jard. iii. 161, t. 11, not of Masson.

Heurnia clavigera, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 842; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 887 ;

K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii, 281. Stapelia

clavigera, Jacq. Stap. t. 5; Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 26; Hornem. Hort.

Bot. Hafn. i. 252; Poir. Encycl. Suppl. v. 233; Link, Enum, PI.

Hort. Berol. i. 255. 8. campanulata, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1661, not

of Masson. 8S. clavata, Jacq. ea Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 664.

Var. 8, maritima (N. E, Br.); stems 13-2 in. high, 4-6 lin. thick, acutely

5-angled, light green, somewhat glaucous; outer corona ring-like, irregularly

and minutely toothed (not lobed) at the margin, black ; otherwise as in the

type.

Coast Rearon: Var. 8: Mossel Bay Div. ; near Mossel Bay, Pillans, 703 !

CenTRaL Recron: Laingsburg Div. ; near Matjesfontein and along the road

at Witte Poort between Laingsburg and Ladismith, Pillans, 59! 95! 600! and

cultivated specimens !

Western Recron : Little Namaqualand, Templeman in Herb. Pillans, 95! 3

Described from living plants; the variety maritima, may prove to be distinct ;

I have not seen fresh flowers of it.

4. H. decemdentata (N. E. Br.); sterfs not seen; pedicel 1 lin.

long in the only flower seen (? perfect), stout, glabrous ; sepals 2 lin.

long, 1-1} lin. broad, broadly ovate, shortly subulate-acuminate,

glabrous ; corolla campanulate, about } in. in diam., without any

constriction to the tube, subequally 10-toothed at the top,

apparently very minutely papillate-asperate outside, inside with the

basal part smooth and glabrous, above a belt about } in. broad

densely covered with stout flattened clavate hairs }—1 lin. long, and

_ the apical fourth of the tube and the teeth densely and minutely

Huernia.] ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 909

papillate ; tube of the dried flower 10 lin. long, apparently purple-

brown within, bordered with a paler colour (greenish-yellow?) at

the mouth ; larger teeth 1} lin. long and rather broader at the

base, smaller teeth 1 lin. long and about 14 lin. broad at the

base, all deltoid acute ; outer corona 5-lobed, blackish ; lobes 2 lin.

long, 1-1} lin. broad, transversely oblong, emarginate, crenately

3—4-toothed or acutely bifid at the apex, varying in the same flower ;

inner corona-lobes 1? lin. long, subulate, connivent-erect at the

basal part, then diverging, with erect tips, dark purple-brown.

Sours Arrica: without locality, cultivated, Rabjohn !

According to Mr. Rabjohn the stems are ‘‘short, stout, in dense clusters,’ and

the ‘ flowers dark brown, almost black.”

5. H. Piersii (N. E. Br.) ; plant 1-1} in. high, with short erect

crowded acutely 4-angled stems }-1} in. long and about $ in.

square, with acute spreading teeth about 1 lin. long, glabrous,

green, mottled with dull purplish; flowers 2—3 together, near the

base of the young stems ; pedicels } in. (or more?) long (only 1

detached flower seen), glabrous ; sepals } in. long, ovate-lanceolate,

acuminate, glabrous ; corolla 1-1} in. in diam. ; tube cawpanulate,

4 in. long, 5 lin. in diam. outside ; lobes spreading very abruptly

from the tube, 4—44 lin. long and broad, deltoid, very acutely (almost

subulate-) acuminate, glabrous and smooth outside; inner surface

very minutely papillate on the lobes only, smooth elsewhere, but

thinly hearded with long stiff outstanding purple-brown hairs in the

throat and around the mouth of the tube, deep ochreous-yellow,

spotted and the minute papille tipped with purple or crimson, with

the spots passing into transverse lines at the mouth of the tube,

which is creamy-white with purple transverse lines and wholly

purple around the corona; outer corona-lobes about 3 lin. long and

broad, shortly connate at the base, subquadrate and very deeply

bifid, black ; inner corona-lobes } in. long, subulate, acute, with a

transverse ridge at their base, connivent-erect much above the

anthers, with diverging tips, purple.

CentRaL Recion: Wodehouse Div.; Carnarvon Farm, near the Railway

between Sterkstroom and Indwe, Piers in Herb. Pillans, 622 !

Described from living stems and fresh flower preserved in fluid.

6. H. Pillansii (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1904, xxxv. 50,

Pillansi, by error) ; plant densely tufted ; stems }-14 in. long, }—2 in.

in diam., erect or ascending, subglobose when young, becoming ovoid

or cylindric, densely covered with conical recurved bristle-pointed

tubercles 14—2 lin. long, in 20-24 vertical or spiral series, glabrous,

green, or dull purplish where exposed to the sun ; flowers 1—3 together

near the base of the young stems, successively developed ; pedicels

14~2 lin. long, glabrous ; sepals 2—3 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad, ovate-

lanceolate at the base, attenuate into filiform recurving tips, glabrous ;

corolla 1-1} in. in diam. ; tube campanulate, about } in. long and

_ @ Species well defined.” or

910 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Huernia.

as much in diam. outside ; lobes abruptly and horizontally spread-

ing from the tube, recurved, 5-6 lin. long, 3-3} lin. broad at the

base, whence they gradually taper to a fine acuminate point, glabrous

outside ; inner surface covered on the lobes and in the throat of

the tube with small fleshy terete obtuse erect processes }—} lin.

long, smooth in the lower part of the tube, pale yellow, becoming

pinkish-cream in the tube, covered with small crimson spots and the

tips of the processes also crimson; outer corona 5-lobed, black or

purple-black ; lobes about ? lin. long and broad, subquadrate or

oblong, very shortly and obtusely bifid to acutely bifid to the

middle, when the whole appears to consist of 5 pairs of small deltoid

teeth ; inner corona-lobes about 1 lin. long, connivent-erect, with

very slightly spreading tips, dorsally flattened, linear, slightly

humped at the base, minutely papillate at the obtuse slightly

thickened apex, dark purple-brown ; staminal column about 1} lin.

long.

CrntraL Rucion : Laingsburg Div. ; stony places near Matjesfontein, Pillans,

23! Marloth, 3308! and cultivated specimen! Prince Albert Div. ; near Prince

Albert, Bolus (ex Pillans).

This is one of the most distinct species of this genus, no other having similar

stems, which resemble those of a Z'richocaulon in miniature. The flowers are

somewhat like those of H. Hystrix.

7. H. distincta (N. E. Br.) ; plant densely tufted; stems erect,

2-3 in. long, }—} in. thick, at first distinctly 8-9-angled, but with

age the angles become very obtuse and scarcely prominent, formed

of series of conical acute spreading teeth 1-2 lin. long, along the

then nearly cylindric stems, glabrous, green, not glaucous ; flowers

1 (or probably more) at the base of the young stems ; pedicels 4—}

in. long, glabrous ; sepals 2—3 lin. long, lanceolate-subulate, glabrous ;

corolla about 1} in. in diam. ; tube campanulate, } in. long and as

much in diam. outside, i in. in diam. at the mouth inside ; lobes

horizontally spreading or recurved, 44-5 lin. long and as broad at

the base, much smaller in dried flowers, deltoid, very acute ; outer

surface glabrous; inside thickly covered from the middle of the

tube to the tips of the lobes with small columnar papillz terminated

by a short stiff crimson hair-point, pale dull yellow, dotted with

crimson, the spots fusing into short regular or irregular and laby-

rinthine lines on the smooth glabrous basal half of the tube ; outer

corona-lobes ? lin. long, 1 lin. broad, subquadrate or transverse,

subtruncate and entire to shortly bifid, with an acute notch between

the rounded teeth, intense blackish-crimson ; inner corona-lobes

1} lin, long, subulate, erect, connivent at the middle, with slightly

spreading tips, dark purple-brown.

CuntraL Reoion: Laingsburg Div. ; near Matjesfontein, Pillans, 83!

Described from a living plant. Mr. Pillans states, ‘‘Of this I have only been

able to find one large clump. It seems to me to be a natural hybrid between

H. Pillansii and H. clavigera, which bound it on both sides. Nevertheless it is

Huernia. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown), 911

8. H. Hystrix (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1876, v. 795) ; stems

usually 2-3 (rarely, under cultivation, up to 5) in. high, 4-6 lin.

thick, 5-angled, glabrous, pale green, very slightly glaucous, some-

times tinted with dull purplish ; teeth conical, acute, very spreading ;

flowers 2-5 together near the base of the stems, successively

developed ; pedicels {-1}4 in. long, glabrous ; sepals 4 lin. long, ? lin.

broad, subulate from an ovate-lanceolate base, glabrous ; corolla

shortly pointed and with a small tooth at each angle in bud ; when

expanded 1-1} in. in diam. ; tube short, campanulate, about } in.

long and } in. in diam. outside ; lobes abruptly and_ horizontally

spreading from the tube, with recurved tips, }-3 in. long and

nearly as broad at the base, deltoid-ovate, acute ; outside glabrous,

but minutely papillate, pitted, prominently 3-nerved on the lobes ;

inner surface (except within the tube) covered with spine-like acute

fleshy processes, ochreous-yellow, marked with crimson spots on the

lobes and with numerous transverse crimson lines within the smooth

and paler tube ; outer corona-lobes half as long as broad, truncate,

broadly emarginate or obscurely 3-toothed at the apex, black

(apparently yellowish in a dried flower of Wood 10813); inner

corona-lobes 14 lin. long, erect, much exceeding the staminal column,

linear, with a transverse thickening or ridge on the back below and

expanded at the apex into a horizontally spreading process some-

what resembling an inverted foot, yellow, dotted on the upper part

with crimson. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 485. Heurnia

Hystrix, K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 280.

Stapelia Hystrix, Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 5751.

EastERN ReGion: Natal; on mountains, cultivated specimens! Wood, 4118!

Pillans, 25! near Weenen, 2000-3000 ft., Haygarth in Herb. Wood, 10813!

Delagoa Bay ; growing in the shade of bushes, Mrs. Monteiro !

Described from living cultivated plants.

9. H. loeseneriana (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 55) ;

stems erect or ascending 1-24 in. long, acutely 4-angled, $—3 in.

square, green, purple-tinted at the tips; teeth deltoid, acute,

1-1} lin. long; flowers |—-2 together, near the base of the young

stems ; pedicels 2—3 lin. (up to } in., Schlechter) long ; sepals } in.

(4 in., Schlechter) long, subulate from an ovate base ; corolla campa-

nulate, with the tube widening upwards and gradually passing into

the spreading lobes, scarcely 1 in. in diam. (about } in. long and

nearly 4 in. in diam., verrucose and brownish within, paler outside,

Schlechter), very minutely asperate and brownish-purple outside,

covered inside from the middle of the tube nearly to the tips of the

lobes with short stiff compressed-conical obtuse processes, dull yellow,

covered with very crowded narrow broken transverse lines and

spots of dull brownish-crimson, and entirely of that colour at the

base of the tube, but darker ; tube 4 in. long ; lobes } in. long and

rather more in breadth at the base, broadly deltoid, very acute ;

outer corona-lobes about } lin. long and broad, subquadrate, sub-

912 ASCLEPIADES (Brown). [ Huernia.

truncate at the apex, black, with a velvet-like surface; inner

corona-lobes 1-14 lin. long, connivent-erect with diverging tips,

much exceeding the anthers, linear-subulate, thickened and knob-

like at the minutely scabrous apex, with a transverse ridge at

the base, dull purplish-red, brownish at the tips. Schlechter in

Journ. Bot. 1898, 485.

Katauart Recion: Transvaal; mountains around Pretoria, Burtt Davy,

2446! Schlechter, near the Olifants River, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 3774.

I have not seen an authentic specimen of this species and describe entirely from

a living plant sent to Kew by Mr. Burtt Davy, which quite accords with

Schlechter’s description except as to the few characters inserted in brackets, and

comes from the same general locality. In a note, however, Dr. Schlechter states

that the corolla-tube of this species is longer than that of any other known to him

and somewhat resembles that of a Decabelone (Tavaresia), although he describes

the entire corolla as being only ‘‘about 1°5 cm, long,” i.e. about 2 in.

10. H. longituba (N. E. Br.) ; tufted; stems erect, 3-2 in. long,

1-3 in. thick, excluding the teeth, sharply 4-5-angled, glabrous,

light green, sometimes tinted with purple, scarcely glaucous ; flowers

1-3 together at the lower part of the young stems, opening succes:

sively ; pedicels }-} in. long, } lin. thick, glabrous ; sepals about

1 in. long, subulate from an ovate base, glabrous ; corolla campanu-

late, prominently 20-nerved on the glabrous smooth outside, inside

(except at the base) covered with short stiff conical processes,

decreasing in size towards the tips of the lobes, creamy yellow,

spotted with purple, the spots becoming very crowded and darker

purple at the middle part of the tube (Pillans), basal part smooth

and whitish, with transverse dark purple (or blood-red?) lines, the

processes tipped with dark purple; tube 3-7 in. long, } in. in

diam. at the mouth; lobes about 5 lin. long and broad, erectly

spreading in a continuous line with the tube, deltoid, very acute,

the alternating teeth at the sinuses very prominent ; outer corona

5-lobed, blackish-purple ; lobes about ? lin. long, ovate, obtuse at

the shortly bifid apex ; inner corona-lobes 1} lin. long, subterete,

erect, connivent at the middle, with recurving slightly clavate obtuse

tips, apparently blackish-purple or dark purple-brown.

Kananart Recon: Griqualand West ; near Douglas, Pillans, 609 !

ll. H. primulina (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1906) ; stems

14-24 in. high, }-1 in. thick, excluding the teeth, acutely 4-5-

angled, with more or less channelled sides, glabrous, glaucous-green,

at least when young ; angles with compressed deltoid teeth 14-25

lin. long, with dark-coloured very acute recurving tips ; flowers in

fascicles of 3-8 near the base of the young stems, 2-5 often being

open at the same time ; pedicels }-1 in. long, glabrous ; sepals 2-24

lin, long, } lin. broad, lanceolate-subulate, glabrous ; corolla in bud

obtusely to very acutely pointed, acutely 5-angled, when expanded

3-12 in. in- diam.; tube globose-campanulate ; limb horizontally

Huernia.| ASCLEPIADE (Brown), 913

spreading abruptly from the tube, sometimes very slightly raised

around its mouth, with recurving lobes 3-44 lin. long, 3-5 lin.

broad, deltoid, variably acute, smooth and glabrous outside and

inside, entirely sulphur-yellow to golden-primrose, without markings

or a purple area around the corona ; tube 24-3} lin. long and as

much in diam. outside, constricted at the mouth ; outer corona-lobes

3-3 lin. long, subquadrate, bifid, crimson-black or purple-black ;

inner 1-1} lin. long, subulate, acute, with a slight transverse

dorsal ridge at the base, connivent over the staminal column, with

erect points, purple-brown. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 485.

Heurnia primulina, K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl, Pfanzenfam.

iv. ii. 280.

Var. 8, rugosa (N. E. Br.); disk of the corolla-limb covered with small

tubercles, which gradually decrease in size towards the tips of the lobes, H. flava,

N. £. Br. in Kew Rep. 1878, 7, name only.

Coast Recion: Albany Div, ; Brak Kloof, near Grahamstown, Mrs. Gloheta, 4!

along the railway between Alicedale Junction and Grahamstown, Pillans, 12!

Var. 8: Albany Div. ; dry stony places near Hell Poort, Cawoods Hole and

other places near Grahamstown, MacOwan, 910! Pillans, 43! and mixed with

the type, Barkly, 13! Queenstown Div., Barkly, 13 bis !

The acumination of the buds and intensity of the colour of the corolla is

variable. Mr. Pillans informs me that when alive ‘the stems of var. rugosa are

distinguishable from the type by their larger size and darker colour.”

12. H. simplex (N. E. Br.) ; stems erect, 14-2 in. high, sharply

4—5-angled, glabrous, apparently glaucous-green; teeth spreading,

7-1 lin. long, compressed-deltoid; flowers 3 or more together,

successively produced near the base of the young stems ; pedicels

about } in. long, apparently rather slender, glabrous ; sepals 1}-13

lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ; corolla (of dried

flowers) about 1 in. in diam., glabrous and smooth outside and

within the tube, minutely papillate-puberulous on the inner surface

of the lobes, “yellow, spotted with rosy in the centre” (Miss

Thomson); tube about } in. long and 4 in. in diam., broadly

campanulate ; lobes about } in. long and as much in breadth at the

base, deltoid, very acute or acuminate, apparently spreading ; outer

corona none; inner corona-lobes arising at the middle of the

staminal column, their basal half adnate to it as vertical semi-

terete ridges between the pairs of anther-wings, and dilated into

a transverse ridge or truncate rim at the top, upper half free,

connivent over the anthers, }—} lin. long, } lin. broad at the base,

flat, tapering to the acute apex; staminal column 1 lin, long,

broadly conical at the basal half.

Centrat Recion : Victoria West Div. : near Gert Adriaans Kraal, Miss Hester

Thomson in Herb, Galpin, 3056 !

The absence of an outer corona distinguishes this from all other species of

Huernia. This character, taken alone, would place it in the genus Huerniopsis,

but the inner corona and habit are so unlike that of the latter genus and go

exactly as in Huernia, that I regard it as a member of that genus with the outer

corona undeveloped. :

‘VOL, 1v.—SECT. I.—PART VI. RN

914 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Huernia..

13. H. Thureti (Cels in L’Horticult. Francais, 1866, 73, t. 3);

stems 1-2 in. high, 3-4 lin. thick, acutely 4—5-angled, glabrous,

glaucous-green ; teeth 1-1} lin. long, deltoid, acute; flowers 1-4

together, successively developed at the base of the stems ; pedicels

6-8 lin. long, 1-1} lin. thick, glabrous; sepals 24 lin. long,

lanceolate-subulate, glabrous ; corolla 1 in. in diam.; tube sub-

globose-campanulate, about } in. long and 44 lin. in diam. outside,

slightly constricted at the mouth, disk and _ lobes horizontally

spreading abruptly from the tube; lobes 4 lin. long, 44 lin. broad,

deltoid, very acute; outside and within quite glabrous, without

processes or papillz on the inner face, buff-coloured or yellow-ochre,

marked on the lobes with numerous small blood-red spots, those on

the disk transversely elongated, passing into transverse lines in

the tube, which is blood-red at the base ; outer corona-lobes about

2 lin. long and 1 lin. broad, subquadrate, bifid, alternating with

5 minute tubercles, nearly black; inner corona-lobes about 1 lin.

long, subulate, connivent-erect, with the slightly spreading tips

produced ? lin. or more above the anthers, with a slight transverse

thickening at the base, purple-brown. HH. Thuretii, Schlechter in

Journ. Bot. 1898, 485. Stapelia Thureti, Croucher in The Garden,

1877, xii. 524, with fig. on 525.

Sours Arrica: without locality, cultivated specimens!

Described from living plants. A specimen (Watermeyer in Herb, Pillans,

1306) collected near Tsomo, in the Transkei, of which I have not seen flowers,

may belong to this species.

14. H. prestans (N. E. Br.) ; stems erect or ascending, 1-2 in.

long, about 4 in. thick including the teeth, acutely 4-angled,

glabrous, deep green (slate-coloured, Pillans) mottled with purple ;

teeth 14-2 lin. long, spreading, acute, slightly recurved at the

tips; flowers from near the base of the young stems ; pedicels

short, glabrous ; sepals 3-34 lin. long, narrowly lanceolate-attenuate,

glabrous ; corolla apparently somewhat turbinate and flat- or broad-

topped, with a short acute point, when expanded about 1} in. in

diam. ; tube campanulate about } in. long and } in. in diam. outside ;

limb abruptly and horizontally spreading from the tube, convex

and ring-like around its pentagonal mouth ; lobes slightly ascending

and recurved, about } in. long and rather more in breadth, deltoid,

acute ; outside glabrous and smooth, creamy, tinted with purplish

and marked with purple veins and spots; inside densely and very

minutely papillate on the lobes, with stiffly erect stout clavate dark

purple hairs J-} lin. long seated on stout conical creamy papille

covering the disk or annulus and extending in 5 triangular areas

down to about the middle of the tube; lobes greenish-yellow,

marked with impressed purple dots and densely dusted with purple,

with the inside of the tube and the disk around its mouth creamy,

thickly marked with dull purple spots, much larger than those on

the lobes and more or less confluent into rather crowded irregular

Huernia.} ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 915

lines in the tube, the base of which is entirely dark purple and

shining ; outer corona 5-lobed, with a small obtuse tooth alternating

with the lobes, black ; lobes + lin. long, 1 lin. broad, transversely

oblong, emarginate ; inner corona-lobes subulate, 1} lin. long,

somewhat connivent-erect at the lower half, with diverging tips,

dark purple-brown, not nearly reaching to the mouth of the tube.

CenrraL Recion: Laingsburg Div. ; near Witte Poort between Laingsburg and

Ladismith, Pillans, 667 !

15. H. brevirostris (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1877, vii. 780,

fig. 124) ; stems crowded, erect or ascending, 1$-24 in. long, 4-1

in. thick, acutely 4—5-angled, glabrous, glaucous-green, becoming

dull-green or purplish with age ; teeth of the angles 1-1 lin. long,

deltoid, acute ; flowers 3-6 in a fascicle, near the base of the young

stems, successively developed ; pedicels 1-1 in. long, 1 lin. thick,

often reddish-tinted, slightly glaucous ; sepals 1}-24 lin. long,

lanceolate-subulate, glabrous ; corolla shortly and acutely pointed

in bud, when expanded 1-1} in. in diam. ; tube short, globose-

campanulate, about } in. long and 5 lin. in diam. outside, slightly

constricted at (but not raised into a ring around) the mouth; lobes

abruptly horizontally spreading and often recurved, x in, long, $ in.

broad at the base, deltoid, very acute ; outside smooth, glabrous

and often reddish-tinted or dotted with purple; inner face rough

with numerous papille on the lobes and in the throat of the tube,

where they are generally tipped with (but sometimes entirely with-

out) a minute hair, pale yellow on the lobes, pinkish-white in the

tube, evenly dotted in variable density with crimson except at the

bottom of the tube, which is entirely crimson and very shining,

sometimes with crimson or purplish tips to the lobes; outer corona

black, subequally 10-toothed or with 5 deeply bifid lobes 3 lin. long, -

with deltoid-oblong obtuse teeth; inner corona-lobes about 1 lin.

long, subulate, with a transverse hump on the back at the base,

incumbent upon the anthers and prolonged scarcely 4 lin. beyond

them into connivent-erect tips, purple-brown or the upper part dull

yellowish speckled with purple-brown. N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron.

1908, xliv. 197-198, fig. 87; and Bot. Mag. t. 6379 ; Schlechter in

Journ. Bot. 1898, 485. Heurnia brevirostris, K. Schum. in Engl. und

Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 280.

Var. 8, intermedia (N. E. Br.); corolla rugose with small conical papille

within, except on the lower part of the tube, primrose-yellow with a minute

purple dot at the tip of each papilla ; inside of the tube paler, with a light purple

area at the base around the outer corona.

Centra Recton : Graaff Reinet Div. ; dry rocky hills of Rynevelds Pass, near

Graaff Reinet, 2700 ft., Bolus, 575! Pillans, 663! and cultivated specimens !

Var. 8 : Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet, Pillans, 72 |

Described from living cultivated plants. The very short tips to the inner

corona-lobes are a marked character in this species. "Var. 8 seems intermediate

between H. brevirostris and H. primulina, but is readily distinguished by the

purple area at the base of the distinctly larger corolla-tube, which is absent in

ee 3 Nn 2

916 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Huernia.

16. H. scabra (N. E. Br.); stems compactly erect, 1-1} in. long,

}—3 in. thick, sharply 4-5- (rarely 6-) angled, with compressed deltoid

teeth 14-2 lin. long, glabrous, dull green or greyish-green, sometimes

mottled with dull purple ; cymes with 3-5 successively developed

flowers near the base of the stems ; pedicels about 4 lin. long, 1 lin.

thick, glabrous ; sepals 2-24 lin. long, lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ;

corolla 14-12 in. in diam.; tube 4 lin. long and 5 lin. in diam.

outside at the top, not wider at the mouth than below ; limb

spreading horizontally from the tube and raised around its mouth

into a conspicuous broad convex ring, scabrous with rather stout

conical acute papille, which, at the mouth and throat of the tube,

are tipped with a short stiff acute dark purple hair ; lobes somewhat

spreading and recurving, about 5 lin. long and 7-8 lin. broad at the

base, deltoid, very acute, with a minutely papillate inner surface ;

outside smooth, dotted with pale purple on a pale (flesh-coloured ?)

ground; inside with the ground colour varying from pale flesh-

tinted to light canary-yellow, covered on the lobes and ring with

round light purple (or crimson ?) spots, which pass into transverse

broken lines within the tube, which at the base, around the outer

corona, is entirely purple; outer corona of 5 pairs of acute deltoid

teeth or of 5 deeply and acutely bifid lobes 3—} lin. long, dark

purple-brown, all united at their base into a circular disk of a pale

pinkish tint, margined with purple-brown between the lobes ; inner

corona-lobes much overtopping the anthers, 1 lin. long, not reaching

to the mouth of the tube, subulate, obtuse, with a transverse ridge

at their base, connivent at the middle, slightly spreading at the

upper half, pale purple.

_ Var. 8, immaculata (N. E. Br.); corolla 13-1} in. in diam., scarcely or

inconspicuously raised into a convex ring around the mouth of the tube, primrose-

yellow, without spots, tinged with very pale purple at the base of the tube

around the corona, scabrous as in the type, with the papille at the mouth and

in the throat of the tube tipped with short acute pinkish hairs ; inner corona-lobes

overtopping the anthers, about 1 lin. long, slightly gibbous behind ; otherwise

as in the type.

Var. y, pallida (N. E. Br.); corolla about 1} in. in diam., not or incon-

spicuously raised into a convex ring around the mouth of the tube, pale primrose-

yellow with light purple markings, smaller and fainter than in the type, and the

surface much less scabrous, with small slightly prominent papilla, those in the

throat being tipped with minute acute dark purple hairs; disk and lobes of

outer corona dark purple-brown, with 5 slight ridges on the disk radiating from

the base of the inner corona and ending in slight projections between the lobes ;

otherwise as in the type.

Var. 5, ecornuta (N. E. Br.); corolla 14-1} in. in diam., not or inconspicuously

raised into a ring around the mouth of the tube, which widens upwards, pale

canary-yellow with light purple spots, not dotted on the outside, papillate-

scabrous, with the papille in the throat and at the mouth of the tube tipped

with a short stiff clavate dark purple hair; disk and lobes of outer corona dark

purple-brown ; inner corona-lobes closely incumbent upon the anthers and not

or scarcely exceeding them, without erect tips, purple ; otherwise as in the type.

Var. ¢, longula (N. E. Br.) ; pedicels 2-4 lin. long; corolla 1-1} in. in diam.,

ightly convex and somewhat ring-like around the mouth of the tube; lobes —

‘44-5 lin, long, 5-54 lin. broad, yellow, with small crimson spots, papillate-

Huernia.| _ ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 917

scabrous, with the papille in the throat of the tube not hair-tipped ; outer corona

entirely blackish-crimson or blackish, with a narrow disk and 5 pairs of obtuse

teeth scarcely } lin. long; inner corona-lobes 1-1} lin. long, rising nearly to the

level of the mouth of the tube (in all other forms not nearly attaining to that

level) ; otherwise as in var. y.

CENTRAL Recion: Victoria West Div. ; in Biesjes Poort, Pillans, 632! Also

growing in the same locality the following varieties:—Var. 8, Pillans, 688 !

Var. y, Pillans, 109! Var. 5, Pillans, 55! Var. €: Beaufort West Div. ;

Rhenoster Kop, Foster in Herb. Pillans, 140!

This seems to be a very variable species, since besides the varieties I have

described, there are others connecting them with one another and the type by

gradations which it is scarcely possible to indicate clearly by words. It seems to

merge into H. brevirostris, N. E. Br., through some of its varieties. I am

informed by Mr, Pillans that all but one of these and probably other forms grow

together in the same locality, and I believe there can be no reasonable doubt that

they are hybrid forms resulting from cross-fertilization by insect agency, by

which alone these plants are fertilized, see Stapelia vuriegata, Linn.

17. H. humilis (Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 30); plant 2-2) in. high,

compact ; stems erect, 7-10 lin. thick, acutely 4—5-angled, glabrous,

green, glaucous?; angles with acute spreading deltoid teeth 1-14

lin. long; flowers solitary according to Masson, but in Bain’s

specimen 4-5 or more are successively produced on a very short

peduncle near the base of the young stems; pedicels }—} in. long,

glabrous; sepals 2}-3 lin. long, lanceolate-subulate, glabrous ;

corolla in bud much flattened, pentagonal, very shortly abruptly

and acutely pointed at the centre, with 5 small acute teeth at the

angles and 5 very prominent ribs radiating from the point, glabrous,

when expanded 1-1} in. in diam., with a very shallow saucer-

shaped tube and a very abruptly spreading limb, lobed to more

than half-way and raised into a broad convex ring around the

mouth of the tube, glabrous; lobes deltoid in Masson’s figure,

deltoid-ovate and minutely papillate in Bain’s specimen, very acute,

pale yellow, dotted with blood-red ; ring smooth, blackish-purple,

marked with undulated whitish spots; outer corona small, with

very short transverse bifid lobes or subequally 10-toothed ; inner

corona-lobes about $ lin. long, ovate, acuminate, incumbent on the

backs of the anthers and not produced beyond them. Schultes, Syst.

Veg. vi. 7; Loud. Hort. Brit. 97, and Encycl. Pl. 202; G. Don, Gen.

Syst. iv. 113 ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 651; N. E. Br. in Hook. Ie.

Pl. t. 1905, fig. B; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 485, partly.

Heurnia humilis, K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii.

280. Stapelia humilis, Masson, Stap. 10, t.5 ; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1294 ;

Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 280; Poir. Encycl. Meth. vii. 390; Ait. Hort. Kew.

ed, 2, ii. 96.

SourH Arrica: in dry regions, Masson.

Cenrrat Recion: Beaufort West Div. ; Nieuwveld Mountains, Bain, X !

The details of the flowers, except as to colour, are described from Bain’s

specimen, which agrees so well with Masson’s figure in general characters that I

believe it to be this species, the colour of its flowers, however, is unknown to me,

as the specimen was received preserved in alcohol.

918 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). . | Huernia.

Hf, humilis, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 54, is unknown to me,

_ but it cannot be the same as H. humilis, Haw., the locality where it was

collected (at the foot of the Houtboschberg Ranges, 5500 ft., in the Transvaal,

Schlechter, 4761) is at least 600 miles distant from the home of the true

H. humilis, and the colour of the flowers as described by Dr. Schlechter is totally

different, varying between fiesh-red and brownish, with large purple spots on the

lobes and limb, the annulus varying between rose-red and dark purple-red.

18. H. ocellata (Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 9) ; stems acutely 4-angled,

1}-2 in. long, 3-$ in. square, glabrous; angles with acute deltoid

teeth 1-1? lin. long; flowers 2 (or more?) together near the base of

the young stems; pedicels } in. long, glabrous ; sepals 3 lin. long,

#-1 lin. broad at the base, lanceolate-subulate, glabrous ; corolla

about 14-1} in. in diam. ; tube campanulate, about } in. long and

as much or more in diam. at the mouth; limb saucer-shaped, lobed

to half-way, very abruptly spreading from the tube and raised into

a very conspicuous broad convex ring around its mouth, with

ascending-spreading lobes, about } in. long and more than § in.

broad at the base, broadly deltoid, acute; outside glabrous and

smooth ; inner face smooth on the raised ring, densely and minutely

papillate on the lobes and rest of the limb, with some stiff clavate

outstanding hairs about } lin. long on the upper part of the tube,

light yellow, marked all over with round crimson spots, those on the

ring slightly raised; outer corona of 5 oblong deeply bifid lobes

nearly | lin. broad, with parallel obtuse teeth, pale yellowish on the

disk with dull red or crimson lobes ; inner corona-lobes 12 lin. long,

subulate, acute, slightly gibbous at the base, connivent-erect

at the lower part, then diverging with erect tips, whitish, spotted

with purple-brown. G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 113; Deene in DO.

Prodr. viti. 651; Schlechter in Journ Bot. 1898, 485. Heurnia

ocellata, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 841 (excl. syns. 8. guttata, Masson, and

S. lentiginosa, Curt.) ; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 887 (excl. syns.) ; K. Schum.

ro Engl. und Prantl, Pllanzenfam. iv. ii. 281. Stapelia ocellata, Jacq.

tap. t. 6.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, cultivated specimen !

Chiefly described from a dried specimen, which completely agrees with

Jacquin’s figure.

19. H. guttata (R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soe. i. 22); plant 2-3 in.

high ; stems erect, 3-3 in. thick, acutely 4—5-angled, glabrous, green,

glaucous? angles with acute deltoid slightly recurved teeth 1-14 lin.

long ; flowers 1-5 together near the base of the young stems,

developing successively ; pedicels rather slender, 3-3 in. long,

glabrous ; sepals 24-3 lin. long, lanceolate-subulate, glabrous ;

corolla flat-topped and 5-angled in bud, with 5 short (incurved ‘)

teeth at the angles and five prominent ribs radiating from the short

central point, 14-1} in. in diam. when expanded ; tube campanulate

_ or subglobose-campanulate, slightly constricted at the mouth ; limb

_ saucer-shaped, lobed to half-way, spreading very abruptly from the

Huernia.] ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 919

tube and raised into a very conspicuous broad convex ring around

its mouth, with ascending-spreading lobes, 4-5 lin. long and broad,

deltoid, acuminate ; outside smooth and glabrous; inner face with

some scattered fleshy spine-like processes (not hairs) 1} lin. long

at the throat of the tube and around its mouth upon the otherwise

smooth ring, minutely papillate on the rest of the limb and lobes,

light yellow, dotted with crimson to the tips of the lobes; outer

corona divided into 5 pairs of narrow acute teeth nearly 1 lin. long,

light pinkish or whitish with purple margins to the teeth and a

blackish ring at the base around the staminal column, enlarging

into 5 rounded spots opposite the pairs of teeth ; inner corona-lobes

about 14 lin. long, subulate, acute, connivent at the lower part over

the style-apex, then rather abruptly spreading, with up-curved tips,

apparently yellow. Bojer, Hort. Maur. 213; Haw. Syn. Pl. Suce.

30; Allg. Teutsch. Gart. Mag. vii. t. 41; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 7 ;

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 113; DC. Prodr. viii. 651; Schlechter in

Journ. Bot. 1898, 484. H. lentiginosa, Haw. Syn. Pl. Suce. 29;

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 6; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 113; Deene in

DC. Prodr. viii. 651. Stapelia guitata, Masson, Stap. 10, t. 4;

Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1294; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 280; Poir. Encycl.

Meth. vii. 390, and in Dict. Sc. Nat. 1. 395; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2,

il. 96 ; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 255. 8. venusta, Jacq. Stap.

t. 7, and var. minor, t. 64, fig. 4; not of Masson. 8. lentiginosa,

Curt. in Bot. Mag. t. 506; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 97; Poir.

Encyel. Suppl. v. 234.

SourH AFRiIca: without locality, Masson, cultivated specimens !

20. H. venusta (R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 22); stems erect

or divaricate, 2-3 (or in cultivated plants sometimes up to 5) in.

long, 3-1 in. thick, acutely 4—5-angled, glabrous, green, probably

somewhat glaucous; angles compressed, with deltoid spreading

teeth 1-1} lin. long ; flowers 1—2 together near the base of the young

stems, successively developed ; pedicels about } in. long, glabrous ;

sepals lanceolate, acute, glabrous ; corolla in bud somewhat turbinate,

with a broad pentagonal flattened top, shortly pointed at the centre,

5-toothed at the angles, glabrous, when expanded about 2 in. in

diam. ; tube very shortly campanulate, glabrous within, blackish-

purple or dark blood-red at the bottom; limb very abruptly

spreading from the tube, saucer-shaped, raised into a conspicuous

(smooth?) broad ring around the mouth of the tube, with very acute

deltoid lobes about 6—7 lin. long and broad, glabrous, but probably

minutely papillate on the inner face, sulphur-yellow, covered to the

tips of the lobes with small blood-red spots. Haw. Syn. Pl. Suce.

29; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 6; Loud. Encycl. Pl. 202, fig. 3345; @.

Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 112 ; Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 651; Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1898, 485. Heurnia venusta, Spreng. Syst. Veg. i.

841 ; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 887 (excl. ref. to Jacq.). Stapelia venusta,

Masson, Stap. 10, t. 3; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1294; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 280;

920 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [Huernia.

Poir. Encycel. vii. 389, and in Dict. Se. Nat. 1. 395; Ait. Hort. Kew.

ed. 2, ii. 95.

Reaion? Karoo, Masson.

Only known to me from Masson’s figure and description.

21. H. Kirkii (N. E. Br.) ; stems decumbent at the base, about

1-1} in. long, }—3 in. in diam. including the teeth, acutely 5-angled,

glabrous ; teeth 1-14 lin. long, stout, deltoid, acute, slightly

_ recurved ; flowers 1-4 together at the base of the young stems,

developed successively ; bracts 14-2 lin. long, subulate or lanceolate-

subulate, glabrous ; pedicels }-2 in. long, glabrous ; sepals 5-54 lin.

long, very spreading, 14 lin. broad at the ovate base, whence they

taper into long subulate points, glabrous ; corolla 13-2 in. in diam. ;

tube of a dried flower about 4 in. long, but according to Mr. Kirk’s

drawing about } in. long and 1 in. in diam. outside, subglobose-

campanulate, constricted at the mouth; limb saucer-shaped, lobed

to half-way, very abruptly spreading from the tube, with suberect

deltoid lobes, tapering into subulate points, according to the drawing

about ? in. long; outside glabrous ; inside smooth and glabrous in

the lower part of the tube, densely covered with erect fleshy

subulate processes }—? lin. long in the throat and around the mouth

of the tube, minutely papillate towards the margins, otherwise

glabrous, marked “ with irregular red spots” (Kirk) ; outer corona

5-lobed ; lobes subquadrate, obtusely 2-lobed at the apex; inner

corona-lobes 14-1? lin. long, very much exceeding the anthers,

subterete, slightly clavate at the minutely papillate recurving apex,

with a transverse ridge at the base; staminal column 1 lin. long ;

style-apex concave.

Katanari REGION : Transvaal ; Komati Poort, very rare, Kirk, 76!

22. H. reticulata (Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 28); plant 3-4 in. high;

stems erect or ascending, #-1 in. thick including the teeth, acutely

5-angled, glabrous, green, mottled with purple ; angles often spiral,

with large deltoid acute spreading teeth; flowers 1—4 together,

successively developed near the base of the young stems; pedicels

3-9 lin. long, ? lin. thick, glabrous ; sepals 3-3} lin. long, lanceolate,

acuminate, glabrous; corolla in bud somewhat turbinate, with a

very broad flat top, subpentagonal, shortly 5-toothed at the angles,

prominently nerved, whitish, speckled or tinged with purplish on

the glabrous outside, when expanded 14-1}? in. in diam. ; tube

campanulate, 4 lin. long, 5 lin. in diam. ; limb saucer-shaped, lobed

to half-way down, very abruptly spreading from the tube and

raised around its mouth into a very conspicuous broad smooth and

shining ring ; lobes 3-6 lin. long, broader than long at the base,

broadly deltoid, very acute; inside, the upper part of the dark

_ blood-red tube is thickly covered with stiff glassy clavate purple

hairs, those at the mouth converging and much larger than those

Huernia. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 921

below, and the lobes are sometimes sprinkled with minute setules,

elsewhere glabrous, pale yellow, thickly covered with rather large

blood-red or deep crimson-brown spots, which are more or less

confluent, producing a reticulated appearance, or sometimes the

ring is entirely crimson; outer corona 10-toothed, purple-black,

velvety ; teeth deltoid, acute, upturned ; inner corona-lobes reaching

to about 3 of the length of the corolla-tube, subulate, acute, con-

nivent over the style-apex at the lower part then widely diverging,

with erect tips, red at the base, whitish, mottled with deep red

above ; odour strong, putrid. Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 5; G. Don,

Gen. Syst. iv. 112; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 651 ; Loud. Encycl. Pl.

202, fig. 3343; N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. under t.1906. H. barbata,

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 485, not of Haw. Heurnia reticulata,

Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 841; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 887 ; K. Schum. in Engl.

und Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 280. Stapelia reticulata, Masson, Stap.

9, ¢ 2; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1294, and Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 287 ;

Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 280; Poir. Encyel. vii. 390; Jacq. Stap. t. 8, and

var. deformis, Jacq. Stap. t. 9; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii: 96 ; Bot.

Mag. t. 1662. 8S. crassa, Donn, Hort. Cantab. ed. 3, 43, ex Haw. Rev.

Pl. Succ. 199; Deene in DC. Prodr, viii. 663.

Coast Region: Clanwilliam Div. ; among rocks near Oliphant’s River, Masson,

cultivated specimens ! on northern slopes of ridges near Clanwilliam, Pillans, 661 !

and without precise locality, Barkly !

Described from a living plant.

23. H. zebrina (N. E. Br.) ; stems 2-3 in. high, 4—5 lin. in diam.

without the teeth, 5-angled? green; angles compressed, with stout

conical acute spreading teeth 2—24 lin. long; flowers 2 (or more?)

together near the base of the young stems, successively developed ;

pedicels 6-7 lin. long, glabrous; sepals 3-4 lin. long, spreading,

subulate-acuminate from an ovate-lanceolate base, glabrous ; corolla

14-1? in. in diam., puberulous on the lobes within, elsewhere

glabrous ; tube very shortly campanulate, constricted and about

} in. in diam. at the mouth; limb slightly saucer-shaped very

abruptly spreading from the tube, raised around its mouth into a

broad thick convex ring; lobes about 5 lin. long and } in. broad

at the base, deltoid, very acute ; inner surface sulphur-yellow or pale

greenish-yellow, marked with transverse purple-brown broken bands

which pass into spots upon the smooth shining annulus, and in the

only dried flower seen are very evident on the back of the lobes ;

outer corona 5-lobed ; lobes contiguous, }—3 lin. long, 14 lin. broad,

transversely oblong, subtruncate with a notch at the middle ; inner

corona-lobes scarcely 4 lin. long, deltoid-lanceolate, acute, with a

dorsal transverse ridge at the base, closely incumbent upon the

backs of the anthers and not produced beyond them.

EasTERN Recion : ‘‘received from my daughter-in-law at Eshowe, Zululand,

_ but I have as yet had no particulars as to where it was found,” Mrs. K. Saunders !

A well-marked species, easily recognised by the zebra-like markings on the

_ pubescent corolla-lobes. :

922 ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). | Huernia.

Imperfectly known species.

24. H. stapelioides (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl. 51, 55) ;

stems erect, about 14 in. long and } in. thick, 4-angled, with

spreading tubercles, glabrous; flowers few, in extra-axillary fas-

cicles ; pedicels up to }$ in. long, glabrous ; sepals 3} lin. long,

linear, very acute, glabrous ; corolla subrotate, scarcely 1} in, in

diam., glabrous outside, densely verrucose within ; tube depressed ;

lobes triangular, very acute ; outer corona-lobes divaricate, sub-

quadrate, obtusely emarginate at the apex; inner corona-lobes

filiform, thickened and verrucose at the reflexed apex, much over-

topping the style-apex. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 485.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; near Nazareth, between Houtbosch (Wood-

bush) Mountains and Klipdam, 4500 ft., Schlechter, 4487.

In a note the flowers are said to be brownish, paler outside.

Stapelia fasciculata, Thunb., may belong to this genus, see Stapelia.

XLIX. HUERNIOPSIS, N. E. Br.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla with a campanulate tube and 5 spreading

or recurved lobes, without small teeth at the sinal angles. Corona

of 5 simple lobes arising from the staminal column opposite the

anthers and adnate to it at their basal half, free above, no outer

corona. Stamens with their filaments connate into a tube around

the ovary and adnate at the top to the dilated part of the style ;

anthers free, erect or connivent-erect around and exceeding the

small truncate style-apex. Pollen-masses solitary in each anther-

cell, erect or ascending, pellucid along the inner margin, attached in

pairs by very short broad cuneate caudicles to lateral processes of

the pollen-carrier.

A dwarf herb, with stout succulent 4-5-angled stems, flowering at the base,

middle or towards the top. Flowers of moderate size.

Distris. Species 1, also in South-west Tropical Africa.

1. H. decipiens (N. E. Br. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. xvii. 171,

t. 12, figs. 9-13) ; stems decumbent, more or less clavate, 1—3 in. long,

3-4 in. thick, obtusely 4-angled, with spreading teeth 1-1} lin. long,

glabrous, dull green or purplish tinted ; teeth with a minute tooth

on each side at the base of the ultimately marcescent tips ; flowers

2-4 together at the middle or towards the top of the young stems, ~

opening successively ; pedicels 1-3 lin. long, stout, glabrous ; sepals

oy in. long, lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ; corolla in bud glabrous,

ellipsoid, acuminate, 5-angled, when expanded about | in, in diam.,

glabrous outside and within, fringed at the base of the lobes with a

_ few vibratile clavate dark purple hairs, outside pale greyish-green

_ spotted and streaked with purplish-grey, inside brownish-red or rich

Huerniopsis. } ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 923

brownish-crimson, more or less mottled with yellow, the intensity of

colour varying even in flowers of the same cluster; tube 4—5 lin.

long, and as much in diam., campanulate ; lobes 4—5 lin. long, 3-4

lin. broad at the base, deltoid-ovate, acuminate or very acute,

recurved ; corona-lobes about 2} lin. long, very stout, nearly square |

in transverse section at the lower adnate part, with subulate acute

connivent-erect tips much exceeding the anthers, purplish on the

back and at the apex, yellowish on the slightly concave sides below

the middle. K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 277 ;

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 476; N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Afr. iv. i. 499.

Sour Arrica: without locality, MacOwan, 2246! and cultivated specimens !

Katanart Recion: Griqualand East; near Griquatown, Pillans, 1313! near

Douglas, Pillans. Bechuanaland ; near Vryburg, Miss Fry in Herb. Pillans, 122!

Also in Tropical German South-west Africa.

Described from living plants. Under cultivation the flowers emit their very

nauseous odour most strongly during the evening, the next morning it has almost

disappeared, so this plant is probably fertilised by a late-flying insect. The

corona-lobes secrete a sweet fluid copiously upon their backs and sides.

L. DIPLOCYATHA, N. E. Br.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla-tube campanulate, with another tube

arising from its base within, reaching to the mouth and there

thickened into a recurved rim ; limb very spreading, 5-lobed, valvate

in bud. Corona double, arising from the staminal column ; outer of

5 broad bifid lobes connate at the base; inner of 5 ovate lobes

incumbent on the backs of the anthers and dorsally adnate at the

base to the outer corona, Stamens with their filaments connate

into a tube around the ovary, and adnate above to the dilated

top of the style; anthers subhorizontally inflexed upon the truncate

style-apex. Pollen-masses solitary in each anther-cell, subhorizontal,

with a pellucid submarginal line along the inner margin, attached

in pairs by exceedingly short broad caudicles to (or subsessile upon)

the rather large lateral wings of the pollen-carriers.

A dwarf succulent leafiess perennial ; stems. decumbent, stout, 4-angled,

acutely toothed ; flowers large, pedicellate, arising from near the base of the

young shoots.

Distris. Species 1, endemic.

1. D. ciliata (N. E. Br. in Journ. Linn. Soe. xvii. 168, t. 12,

figs. 1-3) ; stems decumbent and ascending, 14-2} in. long, 4-3 in.

thick, exclusive of the teeth, obtusely 4-angled, with stout conical

acute teeth 2-3 lin. long, glabrous, green, mottled with purple ;

flowers subsolitary from near the base or middle of the stems;

pedicels 6—8 lin. long, erect, glabrous ; sepals about } in. long, ovate

or ovate-lanceolate, acute, glabrous; corolla about 3 in. in diam., |

924 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Diplocyatha.

smooth and glabrous outside, densely papillate-rugose on the inner-

face, according to Thunberg and Masson, greyish, with the tips of

the papille reddish, but according to Masson's figure, pale yellowish

with a greyish ring around the mouth of the tube, minutely dotted

with red ; tube campanulate, apparently slightly raised at its mouth

around the very thick recurved papillate-rugose rim of the inner

tube, which is densely covered with stiff purple hairs at the base

around and under the corona; lobes about 1 in. long, 3—} in. broad,

spreading, ovate, acute, ciliate from base to apex with clavate

vibratile white hairs; outer corona-lobes arising above the base of

the staminal column, connate at the base, somewhat spreading, with

the free part 2-3 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, transverse or subquadrate,

very obtusely or subacutely bifid, glabrous, apparently yellowish

dotted with purple-brown ; inner corona-lobes incumbent on the

backs of the anthers, about } lin. long, thick, ovate, acute, or

acuminate with the tips produced into a very short erect point,

apparently yellowish, dotted and marked with purple-brown.

Diplocyathus ciliatus, K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

iv. ii. 281 and 279, fig. 84, G-H.; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898,

485. Stapelia ciliata, Thunb. Prodr. 46; Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 168,

and ed. Schultes, 240 ; Masson, Stap. 9, t. 1; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1277 ;

Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 277; Poir. Encycl. vii. 377 ; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2,

ii. 85; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 31; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 837 ; Loud.

Encycl. Pl. 200, fig. 3314; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 884; Decne in DG.»

Prodr. viii. 655. Podanthes ciliata, Haw. Syn. Pl. Suce. 34 ; G. Don,

Gen. Syst. iv. 118. Tromotriche ciliata, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 2, 358.

CenTraL Recion: Calvinia Div.; near Hantam, Meyer! (Herb. Berlin).

Ceres Div. ; Karoo between the Roggeveld Mountains and Paarde Berg, Thun-

berg! Karoo between Bokkeveld and Paarde Berg (ex Banks’ MSS. at British

Museum), Masson. Beaufort West Div. ; Nieuwveld, between Rbenoster Kop and

Ganzefontein, Drége, 6396! Prince Albert Div. ; Karoo near Prince Albert,

- Marloth, 4570 !

Thunberg states that the flowers of this plant have scarcely any odour. The

Paarde Berg above mentioned, according to Thunberg’s travels, is situated between

Ongeluks River and Doorn River.

LI. STAPELIA, Linn.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla rotate or broadly cup-shaped or with a

short broad cup- or funnel-like tube or with a central cavity con-

taining the corona, with or without a raised ring (annulus) on the

disk around the corona, 5-lobed; lobes valvate in bud. Corona

double, arising from the staminal column ; outer corona of 5 simple

entire, bifid, 3-toothed or deeply 3-fid lobes alternating with the

anthers, quite free or rarely shortly connected at the base, very

rarely of 10-15 free segments or subequally 10-toothed; inner

corona of 5 simple, bifid, 2-horned or dorsally winged or crested

lobes opposite and incumbent at their base or wholly upon the

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 925

anthers and longer or shorter than them. Staminal column arising

from the bottom of.the corolla ; anthers ascending or inflexed upon

the top of the style, without a terminal appendage. Pollen-masses

ascending or subhorizontal, pellucid along the upper part of the

inner margin, solitary in each anther-cell, attached in pairs: to the

pollen-carriers by short stout caudicles ; pollen-carriers with a wing-

like expansion on each side, blackish or dark brown. follicles

narrowly or stoutly fusiform, smooth. Seeds crowned with a tuft of

hairs.

Dwarf succulent perennial herbs, branching at the base ; stems thick and fleshy,

4- (rarely, and then abnormally 5-6-) angled; angles often compressed and

usually toothed ; teeth spreading or ascending or tipped with minute rudimentary

or rarely with distinct subulate leaves 2-5 lin. long; flowers 1 to many together

from near the base, middle or upper part of the stems or the clusters scattered

along their sides, pedicellate, large or of moderate size, rarely small, usually with

a carrion-like or disagreeable odour. :

Distris. Species about 56 in South Africa, with 3 or 4 in Tropical Africa,

besides several hybrids that have originated in European gardens.

The genus Stapelia was established by Linnzus upon 8. variegata and 8S. hirsuta,

two forms so distinct in habit and details of structure that Haworth separated

them (with their allies) into two genera, and established several others upon

species that had been introduced by Masson at the end of the 18th century.

But the characters of Stapelia and those upon which Haworth established his

genera Orbea, Tromotriche, Tridentea, Podanthes and Gonostemon so completely

pass into one another, that it becomes impossible to find any real distinguishing

characters to separate them from Stapelia when the whole of the known species

are reviewed. Thus understood, the genus is easily recognised and well distin-

guished from all the others, with the exception of Carallwma, which, although

usually readily distinguished by habit alone, contains a few species which cannot ;

C. aperta is a notable example. A large number of the Stapelias cultivated in

European gardens (including several described by myself) supposed to have come

from South Africa are really hybrids that have originated in Europe by the

cross-fertilisation of different species or varieties. Since many of these have

been described and figured as distinct species of South African origin, they

are included in [ ], and their names in the key are not printed in thick type.

Hitherto the toothing of the outer corona-lobes, the adhesion, freedom or length

of the dorsal wing of the inner corona-lobes, and, to a certain extent, the markings

upon the corolla have been considered as good specific characters. But I find from

observations of living plants, that within certain limits these characters are all

liable to vary, sometimes even upon the same plant Like other members of the

tribe, some species of Stapelia are eaten by the natives, whilst others are poisonous

and used for medicinal purposes only. The Kew Bulletin, 1903, 17, contains

an interesting account by Mrs. M. E. Barber of these plants as they grow under

natural conditions and of the manner in which they are gradually becoming

exterminated in some parts of South Africa.

I. Corolla without a distinct raised ring (annulus) on the

disk, which sometimes forms a short broad tube or

has a depression or cavity containing the corona, but

is never raised around its mouth (dried flowers of

some species with an annulus often have the latter

nearly or quite obliterated, and then falsely appear

to belong here):

* Corolla with the very small cup-shaped united part

and very base of the lobes covered with short erect

clavate purple hairs ; lobes 8 lin, long, very rugose,

dull yellow, not ciliate ; stems velvety ... ... (39) flavopurpurea.

926 ASCLEPIADE# (Brown). [ Stapelia.

** Corolla with the cup-like united part and base of the

lobes glabrous and the tips pubescent (unknown in

36, S. jissirostris) on the rugose inner surface ;

inner corona-lobes erect, about 2 lin. long, bifid

or emarginate at the apex; stems velvety :

Corolla entirely chocolate-red or with slender olive

lines between the ridges ... ‘és iad ... (35) rufa,

Corolla yellowish-green with purple-brown ridges ... (36) fissirostris.

*** Corolla glabrous and rugose or smooth on the inner

surface of the disk and lobes (in 52, S. Bayfieldii,

54, S. engleriana, 30, S. incomparabilis and some-

times in 28, S. conformis, the depression around

the corona or the cup-like cavity containing it is

minutely pubescent) :

Pedicels 3-6 in. long; stems not or obscurely

toothed, glabrous; corolla-lobes ciliate at the

base with vibratile clavate hairs... es ... (43) pedunculata.

Pedicels 4-2 in. long:

+ Corolla with the lobes extended not more and

usually less than 2 in.*in diam. (except

perhaps sometimes in 53, S. bella); lobes

3-10 lin. long:

+ Corolla-lobes ciliate with vibratile clavate hairs,

easily detached and almost always absent

from specimens that have been in fluid ;

stems glabrous, with spreading or ascending

teeth, without erect rudimentary leaves :

Corolla with a short distinct tube-like cavity

enclosing the corona ; lobes 7-9 lin. long,

much recurved, smooth ... o ... (55) revoluta.

Corolla flattish, with the centre slightly

depressed or very broadly and shallowly

funnel-shaped, but without a distinct

cavity enclosing the corona :

Stems with ascending-spreading stout teeth

4-6 lin. long; corolla-lobes 5-6 lin.

long, very rugose and chocolate with

a few yellow dots on the inner surface (46) Woodii.

Stems with spreading teeth 1-14 lin. long ;

corolla smooth or slightly rugose on

the inner surface, spotted or dotted

with purple-brown on a sulphur-white

to pale greenish-yellow ground ; lobes

3-5 lin. long:

Pedicels }—-1 in. long ; outer corona-lobes

tapering to an acute or minutely

notched apex; inner corona-lobes

erect, filiform, 3 times as long as

the anthers ... oe iad ... (48) jucunda,

Pedicels $—-2 in. long ; outer corona-lobes

oblong, bifid, with diverging re-

curved teeth; inner corona-lobes

not erect and shorter to not much

longer than the anthers... ... (49) parvipuncta.

tt Corolla-lobes 7-8 lin. long, nearly smooth deep

purplish-red, ciliate with long flattened

bids, hairs mingled via po that are

__ clavate ; stems microscopically puberulous, -

glabrous to the eye, with spreading teeth... (53) bella.

Stapelia.| ASCLEPIADE# (Brown).

ttt Corolla-lobes 5-10 lin. long, very distinctly ciliate

with simple hairs only, not vibratile ; teeth

of stems prominent or absent, but always

with erect rudimentary leaves 3-1 lin.

long :

Stems glabrous; pedicels 8-10 lin. long;

corolla-lobes smooth, pale flesh-colour to

dull purple ; inner corona-lobes not longer

than the anthers ... vee ai ee

Stems puberulous ; pedicels 2-4 lin. long;

corolla-lobes rugose on the inner face :

Stem-angles broadly rounded, not toothed,

but with an impressed line at the base

of the rudimentary leaves; corolla

pale to dark olive-green with brown

rugosities or entirely dull reddish-

brown ee ae ioe

eee

Stem-angles compressed, toothed ; corolla

purple-brown with transverse yellow

lines ep ma ioe

tttt Corolla-lobes not ciliate or in 54, S. engleriana,

sometimes with a minute ciliation:

Inner corona-lobes incumbent upon the

anthers, with or without very short up-

curved tips, scarcely or slightly humped

(not horned) at the base behind ; stems

glabrous ; pedicels spreading :

Stem-teeth 4-1 in. long, stoutly subulate,

ascending ; corolla spotted .., as

Stem-teeth small, with minute erect rudi-

mentary leaves; corolla purple, not

spotted ... nee ne 3 .

Inner corona-lobes entirely wing-like, notched

at the apex ; corolla pale yellowish, with

transverse purple lines... cee ‘

Inner corona-lobes 2-horned; inner horn

slender, much longer than the anthers,

ascending-recurved, outer slender or

compressed ; corolla-lobes 43-8 lin.

long:

Stems glabrous, with subulate spreading

leaves 2-5 lin. long at the tubercle-

like teeth; pedicels erect; corolla

greenish-yellow, deeply rugose ‘os

Stems velvety-puberulous; corolla not

deeply rugose :

Stems 5-6 lin. square, with erect rudi-

mentary leaves at the small teeth ;

pedicels erect ; corolla-lobes 44 lin.

long, 2 lin. broad, spreading? _.....

_ Stems 7-9 lin. square, with small spread-

ing teeth; pedicels not erect ;

corolla-lobes 5-8 lin. long, 5-6 lin,

broad, recurved upon the back of the

. wee wee

(24) divaricata,

(33) olivacea,

... (34) acuminata.

(45) longidens.

.. (25) stricta.

(29) Macowani.

(40) virescens.

(41) surrecta.

(54) engleriana

927

928 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [Stapelia.

+t Corolla with the lobes extended 24-7 in. in

diam. :

Corolla-lobes 1-1} in. long ciliate with clavate

vibratile hairs ; stems with spreading teeth

or leaves, glabrous or with a scanty micro-

scopic puberulence :

Corolla with the united part broadly cup-like,

entirely purple or with narrow transverse

yellowish lines ; outer corona-lobes entire

or bifid... si is ‘a ... (30) incomparabilis.

Corolla with a short distinct tube-like cavity

enclosing the corona; lobes very much

recurved, smooth ... ae na: ... (55) revoluta and

vars.

Corolla with the united part flattish, usually

slightly depressed at the centre, but not

forming a distinct cavity or tube, blackish,

or spotted or densely dotted with dark

purple-brown on a pale greenish-yellow

ground fie ay ius ... (31) gemmiflora and

vars.

Corolla-lobes ciliate with simple hairs, not

vibratile ; stems velvety-puberulous :

Corolla-lobes 1-14 in. long, marked with

transverse yellow lines:

Stem-teeth tipped with an erect rudi-

mentary leaf; disk of corolla slightly

and broadly cup-like ; lobes spreading

orrecurved ... is ies ... (28) conformis.

Stem-teeth spreading or ascending; disk

of corolla flattish, with a slightly

depressed centre ; lobes recurved nearly

or quite to the pedicel... tae ... (52) Bayfieldii.

Corolla-lobes 12-3} in. long, entirely dark

purple-brown; stem-teeth with erect ‘

rudimentary leaves ive ..- (26) Pillansii.

Corolla-lobes not ciliate :

Stems (probably glabrous) with spreading

conical acute teeth; corolla-lobes

2-1 in. long, yellow spotted with

blood-red or purple-brown ... ... (62) irrorata.

Stems distinctly velvety-puberulous or

with a microscopic puberulence when

viewed with a lens, their teeth with

— rudimentary leaves 3-2 lin.

ong:

Inner corona-lobes with a free dorsal

wing, or wing-like crest, 4-3 lin.

long ; pedicels 6-12 lin. long :

Corolla entirely blackish - purple,

without transverse markings ;

lobes 14-15 lin. long; stems

6-7 lin. square ... eat ... (32) vetula,

Corolla with distinct transverse

yellow or whitish lines ; stems —

Pe ee.

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). : 929

Corolla-lobes 14-2 in. long, marked

with transverse yellowish lines

to their tips ... < ».» (27) glabriflora.

Corolla-lobes 1-1} in. long, with

their apical third entirely dark

purple-brown a - (28) conformis, var. 8.

Inner corona-lobes entirely wing-like

and merely notched at the apex ;

corolla pale yellowish, transversely

marked to the tips of the 9-11 lin.-

long lobes with slender purple or

purple-brown lines ; pReens 2-5

lin. long... -» (29) Macowani.

***%*Corolla with hairs on the inner surface of the disk or

disk and lobes besides the border of cilia, usually

transversely rugose ; stem-teeth unknown in 44,

S. furcata, spreading in 58, S. maculosoides, and

with erect or incurved rudimentary leaves 3-2 lin.

long in all the others :

Corolla 44-16 lin. in diam. ; lobes not ciliate besides

the white hairs which cover the inner surface ;

stems velvety :

Stems flowering nearly from the base to the top ;

pedicels erect, 2-5 in. long ; corolla-lobes 23 .

lin. long, rolled back to the E pbati with

adpressed hairs... ae .. (42) erectiflora.

Stems flowering near the base ; vdtonle not erect ;

corolla-lobes 5-7 lin. long, with rather stiff

erect hairs :

Pedicels 13-3 in. long; hairs on the corolla

clavate ; inner esperrertcn cass without a dorsal

wing . s A

Pedicels about $ in. . ; hairs on the corolla

not clavate ; inner corona-lobes with a small

dorsal wing ... eed oe ioe

Corolla about 14 in. in diam., lobes ciliate with hee

vibratile clavate hairs, and covered on the inner

surface with short erect hairs resembling minute

spines ; inner corona-lobes incumbent on the

anthers, forked at their tips and behind ... (44) furcata.

Corolla-lobes ciliate with long or short simple hairs

and those on the inner surface not spine-like ;

inner corona-lobes erect or recurving, very much

longer than the anthers ; stems normally flower-

ing near the base or below the middle ; pedicels

not erect :

+ Corolla with the lobes extended 8-14 in, in diam. ;

lobes 23-54 in, long, thinly covered with erect

purple , light ochreous-yellow with trans-

verse crimson lines ; stems velvet

Corolla with a flattish’ disk, shallowly am

.. (87) glanduliffora.

.. (88) concinna.

at the centre . a . (14) gigantea.

Corolla with a distinct cup-like centre about

lin. deep ... sai sce - (15) nobilis.

‘tt Corolla with the lobes extended is in. in

diam. ; lobes 14-23 in. long ; scoala tack

po Neh 1v.—secr. I.—PART VI, 30

930 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Stapelia.

Corolla pubescent or hairy nearly or quite to

the tips of the lobes on the inner surface

besides the border of cilia:

Corolla-lobes 2-23 in. long, rather thickly

covered with hairs 1-34 lin. long, all

directed towards the tips; disk and

lower part of lobes with transverse

yellowish lines or in var. 8 entirely pal

greenish-yellow ... ok “cr .. (6) desmetiana.

Corolla-lobes 12 in. long or less, thinly

sprinkled with erect hairs $-1} lin. long,

and with or without transverse yellowish

lines ise ove “ve Ger ... (18) Asterias and

var,

Corolla with the hairs on the inner surface

(other than the border of cilia) not extend-

ing beyond 3 of the length of the lobes and

sometimes not beyond their base :

Corolla without transverse yellow lines ; lobes

14-24 in. long ; stems 3-1} in. square ;

pedicels 3-1 in. long:

Corolla dull purple or raw-beef colour,

somewhat thinly covered with erect

hairs on the disk and basal part of the

lobes (8) ambigua.

Corolla dark purple-brown, rather densely

covered with long fine purple hairs on ;

the disk and basal part of the lobes ... (10) grandiflora.

Corolla marked with transverse yellow or

whitish lines on the basal 4-3 of th

lobes :

’ Pedicels 14-4 in. long:

Corolla-lobes very concave beneath and

humped above near the apex, caus-

ing the tips to reflex, their basal

half and the disk very densely

covered with a cushion of long fine :

purple hairs ... ~ ..- te ... (1) pulvinata.

Corolla-lobes not concave beneath nor

humped above near the apex, 1-2

in. long ; disk and base of the lobes

densely to rather thinly covered with

long fine hairs :

Inner corona-lobes with their inner

recurved-spreading, curved or

arched, not hooked at the apex ;

stems 4-10 lin. square... _... (2) hirsuta and

vars.

Inner corona-lobes with their inner

horns erect or very slightly

diverging, distinctly hooked at

the apex:

Stems 4-6 lin, square ees ... (3) hamata.

Stems 6-10 lin.square ... +» (9) sororia.

| Pedigels $-14 (geldom 14) in. long:

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 931

Outer corona-lobes minutely pubescent at

_ the apex and down the back ; corolla-

lobes 1#in. long ; disk thinly covered

with short erect purple hairs ... (13) Plantii.

Outer corona-lobes glabrous ; stems #-1}

in. square (not seen in 5, S. senilis) ;

corolla-lobes 14-2? in. long:

Inner corona-lobes yellow, shading into

purple-brown at the base; hairs

on the disk and base of the lobes

erect a oe #is -»» (7) flavirostris.

Inner corona-lobes purple-brown, some-

times paler at the apex :

Inner horn of the inner corona-lobes

hooked at the apex; hairs on

the disk and lobes of the corolla

erect, purple, scarcely silky ... (8) ambigua, var. p.

Inner horn of the inner corona-lobes

straight or curved, but not

hooked at the apex :

Hairs on the disk and lower 3 of

the lobes directed towards the

tips of the lobes, but not

adpressed, pale purple or

white, scarcely silky... --» (6) desmetiana,

var. B.

Hairs on the disk and base of the

lobes probably erect, pure

white, very ie and silky ;

pedicels 4 in. long (longer in

the 4 preceding) ... ... (5) senilis,

ttt Corolla with the lobes extended 3-44 in. in diam. ;

lobes 14-1} in. long ; pedicels 3-14 (or in 2,

S. hirsuta up to 4) in. long; hairs on the

disk and base of lobes fine and soft or silky :

Corolla entirely yellow on the inner surface,

without markings ... ... See --» (2) hirsuta, var.

Corolla entirely light purple to dark purple-

brown with bsg without darker tips to the

lobes or the disk or margins paler, without

markings :

Stems glabrous :

Corolla vinous-purple, somewhat ochreous

on the disk; hairs on the disk and

base of the lobes long, dense and more

or less adpressed, light purple ..- (20) glabricaulis.

Corolla apparently purple or purple-brown,

with 5 rows of hairs 1-14 lin. long

radiating from the centre to the sinuses

and shortly pubescent around the corona

OY ae a Soe Ok CD) Poglera.

Stems velvety-puberulous or pubescent :

; Corolla not or scarcely shining on the inner

surface ; disk and base of the lobes

‘densely covered with long hairs :

932 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [Stapelia.

Corolla uniformly dark purple-brown ;

inner horn of the inner corona-lobes

not very stout, recurved, somewhat

hook-like ... fe vin .-- (11) fuscopurpurea.

Corolla bright vinous purple with the

tips of the lobes blackish or dark

purple-brown ; inner horn of the

inner corona-lobes very stout, nearly

straight, acute ive er ... (12) Arnoti.

Corolla not shining, dull purple or raw-beef

colour ; disk and base of lobes covered

(but not densely) with short erect

purple hairs :

Dorsal wing of the inner corona-lobes

small, crest-like, 4-1 lin. long... (23) deflexa.

Dorsal wing of the inner corona-lobes

wing-like, 2-24 lin. long... ... (16) Massoni, var. B.

Corolla very shining, vinous- purple to

purple-brown, sometimes with greenish

or greenish-ochreous margins or tips ;

the entire inner surface scantily

covered with short erect purple hairs

or the lobes more or less glabrous’... (18) —— vars. B

and ¥.

Corolla with transverse whitish or yellow lines

on the lobes, thickly or thinly, but not

densely, covered with short erect purple

hairs on the disk and basal part of the lobes

or in 18, S, Asterias nearly or quite to their

tips, besides the cilia : ,

Corolla-lobes very shining on the inner surface,

purple to purple-brown, marked often

nearly to the scarcely darker tips with

transverse yellowish-white lines; inner

horn of inner corona-lobes very obtuse

viewed sideways ... ee ay: ... (18) Asterias.

Corolla-lobes not shining on the inner surface,

often darker at the tips :

Corolla-lobes raw-beef colour or dull purple,

with a few yellowish-white transverse

lines on the middle of the lobes :

Dorsal wing of the inner corona-lobes

small, crest-like, 4-1 lin. long... (28) deflexa.

Dorsal wing of the inner corona-lobes

wing-like, 2-24 lin. long... ... (16) Massoni.

Corolla-lobes purple-brown with transverse

yellow lines on the basal part of the

lobes... BN -»» (2) hirsuta, vars.

+ttt Corolla with the lobes extended 2-3 in. in diam.,

with lobes 1-13 in. long :

Disk of the corolla shortly and usually thinly

ilose or pubescent with erect hairs $-1 lin.

ong ; pedicels #-14 in. long:

Stems velvety-puberulous, with erect rudi-

mentary leaves at the teeth ; corolla

entirely light to dark purple-red or with

a transverse whitish or yellowish

; lines a eee ee dpe fen cue (23) deflexa.

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 933

Stems glabrous, with spreading teeth ; corolla

dark violet-purple with transverse yellow

markings .. oi. i ... (58) maculosoides.

Disk of the corolla with 5 rows of hairs 1-1}

lin. long radiating from the centre to the

sinuses and shortly pubescent around the

corona only; lobes apparently without

yellow markings ; stems glabrous ... ..- (19) Peglera.

Disk of the corolla thickly or densely covered

with fine long hairs :

Stems glabrous or nearly so:

Pedicels 1-2 in. long; corolla-lobes 1-1}

in. long, reddish-purple, without mark-

ings ; disk somewhat ochreous with the

hairs more or less adpressed ... ..- (20) glabricaulis.

Pedicels 3-1 in. long; corolla-lobes 1-1} in,

long, dull smoky brown, with or with-

out a few greenish or dirty yellowish

transverse lines ; disk not ochreous .,. (21) tsomoensis.

Stems velvety-puberulous ; corolla-lobes about

1} in. long:

Stems 4-7 in. high ; pedicels 4-1 in. long:

Corolla dark brownish-purple without

markings; dorsal wing of inner

corona-lobes adnate to the inner

horn ... i. ee ... (22) multiflora.

Corolla dark purple-brown with a few

transverse yellowish lines; dorsal

wing of inner corona-lobes free ... (17) virens.

Stems 1 ft. high ; pedicels more than 1 in.

long; corolla purple, with yellowish

transverse lines; inner horn of the

inner corona-lobes hooked at the apex (4) dejecta.

II. Corolla with a distinct raised ring (annulus) or cushion

on the disk around the corona or around the mouth

of the small cup-like cavity containing it, sometimes

obliterated in dried flowers ; stems with conical acute

spreading teeth 1-3 lin. Jong, without erect rudi-

mentary leaves, and together with the pedicels and

sepals quite glabrous except in 61, S. Barklyi in

which they are glabrous to the eye, but very

minutely puberulous when viewed with a lens:

Inner corona-lobes sometimes slightly humped at the

base or connected to the outer corona, but not

produced into a distinct dorsal horn (see also

64, S. pulchella in which the outer horn is some-

times not more than ¢ lin. long) :

Corolla-lobes 1-14 in. long, with or without a

minute ciliation ; annulus large, nearly circular

in transverse section, from its acute margin being

rolled back so as to nearly touch the disk —_—... (67) namaquensis.

Corolla-lobes 8-10 lin. long, not ciliate; disk

shallowly basin-like ; annulus about $ lin. high,

obtuse eS ae an ca eae .-- (63) verrucosa,

Corolla-lobes 44-5 lin. long, not ciliate ; disk nearly

flat or very shallowly saucer-shaped ; annulus

about $ lin. high, obtuse wie un’ one eee (50) fucosa.

ve gg

934 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Stapelia.

Corolla-lobes 5-7 lin. long, ciliate with rather long

vibratile clavate hairs; annulus solid, broadly

cushion-like, sloping outwards, with a central

depression ... as a ee ; .-. (47) Cooperi.

Corolla-lobes 23 lin. long, not ciliate ; disk very small,

raised into a narrow obtuse annulus about 4 lin.

high ines aa nese i pce ... (51) miscella.

Inner corona-lobes distinctly 2-horned, both horns

filiform or subulate, or in 61, S. Barklyi the outer

flattened and slightly wing-like, subequal or the

outer horn shorter than the inner, in 57, S. trifida

sometimes also with a tooth or short horn on each

side of the base of the inner horn :

Corolla 5-6 in. in diam. ; lobes 13-2 in. long, ciliate

with long simple hairs; disk and the erect

obtuse annulus villous with long soft purple

hairs oe ioe ive 0ke oni ..» (61) Barklyi.

Corolla 14-4 in. in diam. :

Annulus ty lin. high, erect, very obtuse or

rounded at the top, not cushion-like nor

with a spreading or recurved margin :

Corolla pale yellowish or light yellow with spots

and transverse lines on the basal part of

the lobes dark purple-brown to dull purple,

and their tips often entirely purple-brown,

or in 56, S. mutabilis var. discolor entirely

dark purple-brown with inconspicuous

transverse yellowish lines ; see also hybrids

74 to 96:

Corolla with minute scattered pubescence on

and around the annulus ; lobes 1-1} in. .

long, ciliate with simple hairs 14 lin.

long vis’ C8 Siege cles zaee159) meaculoss.

Corolla glabrous on the inner surface : :

Corolla-lobes 10-13 lin. long, ciliate with

a mixture of simple and slender]

clavate hairs 3-2 lin. long ... _... (57) trifida.

Corolla-lobes ciliate with vibratile clava

hairs lin. long :

Corolla-lobes 18-14 lin. long, nearly

twice as long as broad ... (60) tridentata.

Corolla-lobes 7-11 lin. long and nearly or at

quite as broad fe Wee ... (56) mutabilis.

Corolla pale yellow, sprinkled all over with dots

or small spots of purple-brown ; lobes 5-10

lin. long, not ciliate ; outer horn of inner

corona-lobes 4-4 lin. long ... sei ... (64) pulchella.

_ Annulus very prominent, somewhat cup-like, with

an acute suberect (not at all or scarcely re-

curved) edge, together with the inner surface

of disk and lobes glabrous ; lobes ciliate with

clavate hairs 4 lin. or less long :

Corolla-lobes in. long, with the labyrinthic

yellow lines not very numerous ; teeth of

outer corona-lobes with parallel or slightly :

diverging outer margins... ... +» (65) cupularis.

Corolla-lobes 1 in. long, with very numerous |

labyrinthic yellow lines; teeth of outer

Stapelia.] ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 935

Annulus very prominent, with an acute edge to

the horizontally spreading or recurved margin,

which forms a broad rim to the cup ; inner

surface of corolla glabrous, rugose ; lobes 4-1

in. long, with or without a minute ciliation of

thick or clavate hairs; see also hybrid forms

74 to 96.

Outer horn of the inner corona-lobes not more

than half as long as the inner horn, usually

less ; corolla-lobes not ciliate ;

Corolla 14 in. in diam., with lobes about 6 lin.

long, pale yellow, with rather small

scattered purple-brown spots; pedicels

3-1 in. long rn £3 bas ... (68) lepida.

Corolla 23-24 in. in diam., with lobes 8-10

lin. long, thickly covered with dark

purple-brown spots and irregular thick

lines on a pale greenish-yellow ground ;

pedicels 14-13 in. long ... ive ... (69) variegata, var.

brevicornis.

Corolla 13-2 in. in diam., blackish-purple or

very dark purple-brown, with a few

irregular yellow markings — ... (69) variegata, var.

marmorata,

Outer horn of the inner corona-lobes from more

than half as long to quite as long as the

inner horn ; corolla 2-32 in. in diam., lobes

with or without a minute ciliation... ... (69) variegata, vars.

and hybrids,

see separate

key.

1. S. pulvinata (Masson, Stap. 13, t. 13); plant about 4 in. high,

branching at the base ; stems erect, decumbent at the base, 6-7 lin.

square, with compressed angles having erect rudimentary leaves

4-1 lin. long at the rather prominent teeth, softly pubescent, dull

green ; flowers solitary near the base of the stems; pedicels 1}—2?

(in fruit about 3) in. long, 24 (in fruit 4) lin. thick, velvety ; sepals

4-6 lin. long, 14-1} lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, velvety ; corolla in

bud flattened, with 5 depressions around the short conical point,

when expanded 4—44 in. in diam., minutely puberulous on the back ;

disk on the inner face and basal part of the lobes very densely

covered with a thick cushion of fine soft purple hairs ; lobes 14-13

in. long, 1-1} in. broad, roundish-oblong or ovate, usually rather

abruptly contracted into an obtuse point }—} in. long, below which

they are remarkably concave on the back, so that the point is

abruptly recurved and then directed outwards, rugose and glabrous —

on the inner face, but densely ciliate and bordered with long soft

purple hairs, dark purple-brown, marked with transverse yellow

lines on the basal two-thirds; outer corona-lobes ascending-spread-

ing, 24-3 lin. long, }-1 lin. broad, lanceolate, or narrowly oblong-

linear, acuminate or 3-toothed at the recurved apex, channelled

down the face, dark purple-brown ; inner corona-lobes ascending-

spreading, 5-54 lin. long, fuscous or dark brownish-purple with

(always?) dull ochreous tips, with the dorsal wing adnate for ? or

936 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Stapelia.

wholly to the inner horn, 14-2 lin. broad, subacute to truncate

and usually denticulate at the top; inner horn triquetrous to

broadly winged-triquetrous, acute, obtuse or toothed at the apex,

sometimes but shortly exceeding the dorsal wing; follicles erect,

6-7 in. long, 1-3 in. thick, tapering into a long beak and into a

stalk-like base about } in. long, pubescent. Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1279 ;

Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 278 ; Poir. Encycl. vii. 379, and in Dict. Sc. Nat. 1.

390 ; Bot. Mag. t. 1240; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 86; Haw. Syn.

Pl. Succ. 20; Allg. Teutsch. Gart. Mag. 1815, 110, t. 11 (ew Schultes) ;

Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 206 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 19; Spreng. Syst.

Veg. i. 837; Geel, Sert. Bot. ii.; Reichenb. Fl. Exot. v. 11, t. 303 5

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 115; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 884; Decne in DC.

Prodr. viii. 654; N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. under t. 1911;

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 483.

Wesrern Recion: Little Namaqualand ; Kamiesberg Range, Masson, Barkly,

28! Springbokfontein, Alston in Herb. Pillans, 650! 651! 14 miles north-west

rs spe agy Alston in Herb, Pillans | and without precise locality, Scully! Herb.

illans, 2!

2. §. hirsuta (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 217); stems erect, 4-angled,

5-8 or occasionally up to 12 in. high, }—} in. square, with com-

pressed angles and erect rudimentary leaves }—1 lin. long at the

teeth, softly puberulous, green ; flowers 1-3 together near the base

of the young stems, successively developed ; pedicels 14-4 in. long,

2-21 lin. thick, velvety puberulous ; sepals 4-6 lin. long, lanceolate

or linear-lanceolate, acute, velvety-puberulous ; corolla 4-5 in. in

diam. with the lobes extended, rather minutely puberulous on the

back, transversely rugose on the inner surface, with the flat disk

and basal fourth part of the lobes densely covered with soft purple

hairs 2-3 lin. long, somewhat intermingled or matted (woolly-

looking in dried flowers), the remaining part of the lobes glabrous,

but ciliate to their tips with rather coarser long simple pale purple

or whitish hairs, half of them directed inwards, very dark purple-

brown at the apical half and marked with transverse cream-coloured

or yellowish and purple-brown lines on the basal half of the lobes,

passing into cream-colour more or less tinted with purplish on the

disk ; lobes 13-2} in. long, about 1 in. broad, lanceolate, acute, flat,

recurved ; outer corona-lobes ascending-spreading with recurved tips,

about 3 lin. long, linear or narrowly oblong-linear, tapering or

rounded at the apex into a subulate point, which sometimes has a

minute tooth on each side at its base, channelled down the face, dark

purple-brown, ochreous-tinted at the base ; inner corona-lobes ascend-

ing, 4~44 lin. long, blackish, with the dorsal wing adnate for the whole

of its length to the inner horn and truncate and toothed at the top

or adnate for 1-3 of its length and produced beyond into a deltoid

obtuse or acute point shorter than or equalling the inner horn and

more or less toothed on the inner margin ; inner horn with the free

part triquetrous-subulate, acute, slightly curved, not hooked at the

apex. Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12, ii. 194; Burm, Fl. Cap. Prodr. 7 ;

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 937

Miller, Dict. ed. 8, no. 2; Rottb. Bot. Udstrakte Nytte, 63, fig. 11,

bad; Jacq. Misc. i. 28, t. 3, Amer. Gewéichse, t. 95, and Stap.

4, 51, 52; Pl. Indig. et Eavt. Ic, t. 111; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1,

i. 309, and ed. 2, ii. 85; Poir. Tabl. Encycl. ii. 325, t. 178;

FEineycl. vii. 377, and in Dict. Sc. Nat. 1. 389, Planches, iii.

t. 60; Thunb. Prodr. 46, Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii, 168, and ed.

Schultes, 240, partly ; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1278, and Enum. Pl. Hort.

Berol, 281 ; Thornton, Pict. Bot. Pl. t. 23; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 278;

R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 24; Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 19, and

Suppl. 9; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 17 ; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol.

i. 254; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 839, excl. syn.; Hook. Exot. Fl. iii.

t. 230; DC. Pl. Grass. t. 160 (not seen); G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 115;

Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 885, excl. syn.; Decne in DC. Prodr, viii. 653 ;

N. E. Br. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. xvii. 166, #: 11, fig. 18, 19;

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 481, partly this and partly the

varieties following, excl. syn. S. sororia, Masson. S. hirsuta, Linn., var.

atra, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 756 ; Loud. Encyel. Pl. 198, fig. 3280 B; G.

Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 115. 8S. lanifera, Haw. Suppl. Pl. Suce. 8;

Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 663 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 481.

S. lanigera, Loud. Hort. Brit. 96; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 115.

S. pulvinata, J. Donn, Hort. Cantab. ed. 4,53; Gerard in Hortic.

Univ. vii. 133, with fig., not of Masson. S. villosa, N. E. Br. in Hook.

Ie. Pl. t. 1911.—Apocynum cauliculis longissimis, d&c., Pluk. Almagest.

Bot. 37. Asclepias aizoides cauliculis longissimis, &c., Moris. Hist.

iii. 611. Crassa minor, Rupp. Fl. Jen. ed. 1718, 27, Asclepias

africana aizoides longioribus foliis, &c., Tourn. Inst. Rei Herb. i. 94.

Stapelia denticulis ramorum erectis, Linn. Hort. Cliff. 77 ; Royen, Fl.

Leyd. Prodr. 409; Miller, Fig. Pl. ii. 172, t. 258. Stapelia

tuberculis crassis, etc., Burm. Rar. Afr. Pl. 29, t. 12, fig. 1, bad.

Var. 8, affinis (N. E. Br.); corolla usually 4-44 (rarely 3-34) in. in diam. ;

inner corona-lobes with the dorsal wing free nearly or quite to the base, ascending-

spreading, 3-4 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad at the base, linear-oblong or gradually

tapering from the base to an acute or obtuse point, entire ; inner horn 4-5 lin.

long, triquetrous-subulate, acute, recurved-ascending ; otherwise as in the type.

S. afinis, N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1912. 8. stellaris, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t.

1312, not of Haw. S. hirsuta, sheet b of Thunberg’s Herbarium, N. E, Br. in

Journ. Linn, Soc. xvii. 167, t. 11, fig. 22, 23.

Var. y, lutea (N. E. Br.); ‘stems rather pale green ; pedicel, calyx and back

of the corolla greenish-primrose ” (Pillans) ; corolla about 34 in. in diam. with the

14-1} in. long lobes extended, ‘‘ uniformly bright primrose-yellow on the inner

surface, without markings, hairs also yellow, like raw silk, turning greyish”

(Pillans), outer and inner corona-lobes as in var. afinis, but slightly smaller,

“* bright canary-yellow ” (Pillans).

Var. 3, patula (N. E. Br.); corolla smaller than in the type, 24-33 (rarely 4)

in, in diam. ; hairs on the disk rather shorter and less dense than in the type,

this is especially observable in dried specimens ; lobes 1}-13 in, long, usually lanceo-

late and nearly or quite twice as long as broad ; inner corona-lobes variable,

3-4 lin. long, with the dorsal wing either adnate from 4 to all of its length to the

inner horn or free nearly or quite to the base, truncate and toothed at the top or

deltoid, narrowly deltoid-lanceolate or oblong, entire or toothed; follicles

slightly diverging, about 5 in. long, 4-5 lin. thick, fusiform, shortly beaked,

very minutely and rather thinly puberulous, marked with longitudinal purple-

938 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Stapelia.

brown lines; seeds not seen; otherwise as in the type. S. patula, Willd.

Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 281; Poir. Encycl. Suppl. v. 230; Schultes, Syst. Veg.

vi. 15; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 254; G. Don, Gen, Syst. iv. 114; Decne

in DC. Prodr. viii. 652; N E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. under t.1914; Journ. Hort.

ser. 8, xxviii. 95, fig. 15, S. hirsuta, Loisl. Deslongch. in Herb. Gen. L’ Amat. ii.

t. 126 ; Drapiez, Herb. L’ Amat. de Fl. v. t. 821. 8. sororia and var., Jacq. Stap.

t. 56, 57, and Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 886 (excl. syn. S. lucida, DC.), not of Masson

nor of Willdenow. S. elongata, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 2, 357. 8S. rufescens of

gardens, not of Salm-Dyck, figured without a description im the thirteenth Report

of Missouri Bot. Gard. 1902, 23. S. variegata, Gouas in Rev. Hort. 1857, 42,

fig. 18,—Asclepias africana aizoides, &c., Commelin, Hort. Med. Amst. Pl. Rar. 19,

t. 19; Bradley, Hist. Succ. Pl. Dec. iii. 5, t. 23, a poor figure.

Var. ¢, comata (N. E. Br.) ; corolla and corona as in var. patula, but with the

hairs on the disk of the corolla denser, more woolly and of a darker purple.

S. comata, Jacq. Stap. t. 49; Hornem. Hort. Hafn. i. 248; Schultes, Syst. Veg.

vi. 18; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 115; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 653.

Var. ¢ grata (N. E. Br.); stems up to 1 ft. high, ‘‘rather more robust and

squarer than in S. afinis and S. patula ” (Pillans) ; corolla 33-44 in. in diam., with

lobes 4-14 in. long, 1-1} in. broad, ovate, acute, dark purple-brown at the apex,

lighter with creamy-yellow transverse lines on the lower 3 of the lobes ; disk

creamy with the hairs bright purple and rather longer and more dense than in

var, patula, with which it agrees in corona.

[Var. 7, unguipetala (N. E. Br.); corolla 34-44 in. in diam. ; disk with the

centre and 5 bands radiating to the sinuses pale greenish-ochre ; lobes with the

, margins of the apical half much revolute and the tips upcurved ; otherwise as in

var. patula. 8. unguipetala, N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1877, vii. 834, fig. 54, and

1908, xliv. 169, fig. 69.]

Var. 0, depressa (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1908, xliv. 169-170, fig. 70) 3

corolla in bud subglobose, with 5 apical depressions ; inner corona-lobes widely

spreading, with the inner horn suddenly recurved near its base and horizontally

spreading almost to the sinuses of the corolla, recurved at the tip and

about 4 longer than the narrowly attenuate spreading wing-like outer horn,

which is free to the very base ; plant and flowers otherwise as in var. patula.

S. depressa, Jacg. Stap. t. 55; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 33; Spreng. Syst.

Veg. i. 889; Kerner, Hort. Semp. t. 828; Dvetr. Syn. Pl. ii. 886; Decne m

DC. Prodr. viii. 657. 8. sororia, Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 5963, not of Masson.

S. patentirostris, N. E. Br., and S. Courcelli, Hort. ec N. E. Br. m Gard.

Chron. 1877, vii. 140, fig. 21: Schlechter in Journ. Bot, 1898, 482. S. patula,

var. depressa, N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. under t. 1914. Tridentea depressa,

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 850; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 118.

Var. 1, longirostris (N. E. Br.) ; differs from var. depressa only in having the

inner horn of the inner corona-lobes about twice as long as the outer horn and

arching over and much beyond it or curved nearly in a semicircle so that its tip is

placed close to the tip of the outer horn or curves under it. S, patula, Willd.,

var. longirostris, N. £, Br. in Hook. Ic. t. 1914,

Sour AFrRica: without locality ; Herb. Thunberg, partly ! cultivated specimens

in the Herbaria of Kew and the British Museum! Var. 8: specimen cultivated

in Cape Town Bot. Gard., Barkly, 16! and specimen cultivated in England!

Var. 8; Herb. Linneus, Pillans, 53! 649! and cultivated specimens! Vars. €, 1, ®

and 1, cultivated specimens !

Coast Reoton: Caledon Div. ; near Genadendal, Prior! Robertson Div. ;

western aspect of Kogmans Kloof, Pillans, 648! Var. 8: Worcester Div. ;

Sandhills Farm, on the southern slopes of Hex River Mountains, Ayres in Herb.

Pillans, 80 ! Robertson Div. ; western aspect of Kogmans Kloof (a small flowered

_ form), Pillans, 620! Var. y : Caledon Div. ; near the source of the Zondereinde

River, Piers in Herb. Pillans, 618! Var. 3: Caledon Div. ; Vygeboom Farm, —

Piers in Herb, Pillans, 616! Robertson Div.; Karoo near Robertson, Marloth,

Stapelia, | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 939

3789! Var. €: Malmesbury Div. ; Paarde Berg, Pillans, 625! Robertson Div. ;

western aspect of Kogmans Kloof, Pillans, 601! 633! Var. ¢: Robertson Div. ;

hills near Robertson, Pillans, 603! Kruispad, Pillans, 677! Var. 6: Worcester

Div. ; near Worcester, Cooper, 2703 bis !

CenTraL Rearion: Ceres Div. ; Mitchells Pass, near Ceres, all the following :—

Var. 8: Barkly, 36! 54 partly! MacOwan, 2244! 2255! Pillans, 36! and (a

rather pale form), 630! also cultivated specimens! Var. @: Pillans, 89! 97!

Var. 1: Barkly, 54 partly ! :

WESTERN Recron : Little Namaqualand ; Barkly, 28 bis !

S. hirsuta is the second species of the tribe Stapelix discovered in South Africa,

apparently towards the end of the 17th century. Like S. variegata, it varies con-

siderably in its flowers, the principal varieties being enumerated, but other forms

in cultivation raised from seeds produced by insect agency in Europe do not

quite correspond to any of the above and are certainly hybrids between forms of

S. hirsuta or between it and some other species. Var. wnguipetala I now believe

to be one of these, as no wild example is known. The specimen labelled

S. hirsuta in the Linnean Herbarium consists of a single flower of the var. patula,

from which the corona has been removed. This, however, is not the form

described by Linneus in his Hortus Clifortianus and preserved in the Hortus

Cliffortianus Herbarium (now at the British Museum), and as that was evidently the

form commonly cultivated (since all the other specimens I have seen bearing date

between 1727 and 1800 belong to it), I have taken the Hortus Cliffortianus speci-

men as the type. This form seems to have disappeared from cultivation, and I

have never seen a living cultivated example of it. Thunberg states that S. hirsuta

grows ‘‘on mountains near Cape Town, near Paarl and elsewhere,” but as I have

shown in the Journal of the Linnean Society, xvii. 166, his Herbarium contains

3 unlocalised forms under that name, one of which is probably typical S. hirsuta,

one the variety afinis, and the other I think is a distinct and at present other-

wise unknown species. So far as known to me no form of this species is now

found on the mountains near Cape Town. Commelin’s figure (a good one for

that period) quoted by Linnzus represents the form of var. patula in which the

dorsal wing of the inner corona-lobes is entirely adnate to the inner horn, but this

appears to be an unstable character. The type specimen of S. lanifera, Haw. (a

single flower), at Oxford, is very instructive as to variability of the inner corona

lobes ; three have the dorsal wing adnate for all its length to the inner horn, one

free for # and the fifth quite free to the base, thus combining the characters

of the type and var. afinis, The var. lutea is a curious and distinct form, dis-

covered in April, 1906, by Mr. C. Piers, who only found a single plant, growing

amongst var. afinis, of which it is evidently a seedling form, The variety grata

may perhaps be only a slight form of typical S. hirsuta, but the corona more

nearly resembles var. patula. Of S. villosa I have only seen one flower preserved

in alcohol, which I cannot now distinguish from typical S. hirsuta, and suspect

that the locality ‘* Little Namaqualand ” may be an error.

[8. 8. hamata (Jacq. Stap. t. 50) ; stems erect, 5-6 in. (up to 1 ft.,

Jacquin) high, 4-6 lin. square, with slightly compressed toothed

angles when young, becoming flat-sided with age, velvety-puberulous ;

teeth with erect or incurved rudimentary leaves about 1 lin. long ;

flowers 2 to several on a very short stout peduncle at the base of

the stems, successively developed ; pedicels about 2 in. long, velvety ;

sepals about 4 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, velvety ; corolla sub-

globose and subacute in bud, when expanded about 4—4} in. in

diam. with the recurved lobes extended, puberulous on the back,

transversely rugose on the inner face, dark purple-brown (paler or

yellowish-tinted at the centre), with numerous transverse yellow

lines on the lower 3 of the lobes, covered on the flattish disk and

very base of the lobes with rather short erect purple hairs, which

940 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Stapelia.

are slightly longer and denser along 5 lines radiating from the

centre to the sinuses between the lobes, the latter 14—1? in. long,

9-11 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, densely ciliate to their tips with

long simple purple hairs, half of them directed inwards; outer

corona-lobes ascending-spreading with recurved tips, 3 lin. long,

linear or oblong-linear, acute to emarginate, dark purple-brown,

reddish at the base ; inner corona-lobes suberect, dark purple-brown

with yellowish or paler tips to the inner horn ; dorsal wing free to

the base, 3 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad at the base, thence tapering to

the acute apex, entire or with a tooth on the inner margin; inner

horn parallel with the wing, 4-44 lin. long, triquetrous-subulate,

acute and recurved-hooked at the apex, sometimes (abnormally)

with a small tooth above the middle. Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 19, and

Suppl. 9; Hornem. Hort. Bot. Hafn. i. 249; Kerner, Hort. Semp. 4

550; Poir. Encycl. Suppl. v. 230; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 17; Link,

Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 254; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 242 ; Spreng. Syst.

i. 839, eacl. syn.; G: Don, Gen. Syst.iv. 115; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 886,

excl. syn.; Decne in DO. Prodr. viii. 653; Loud. Encycl. Pl. 198,

fig. 3281 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 481.

Sourn Arrica ? cultivated specimen !

This is only known to me from cultivated plants, Stated by Haworth to

have been introduced in 1805, but may have been raised from seed produced in

Europe by insect agency, and therefore a hybrid.]

4. 8. dejecta (Salm-Dyck, Hort. Dyck, 372); stems about 1 ft.

high, erect, thick, tomentose ; angles with approximate erect teeth

(rudimentary leaves); pedicels subsolitary near the base of the

stems, longer than the corolla, tomentose ; corolla 3 in. in diam.,

tomentose on the back, villous with purple hairs at the centre of the

inner face; lobes variably spreading, deflexed or divaricate,

lanceolate, acuminate, oblique at the apex, ciliate with reddish hairs

along the revolute margins, otherwise glabrous on the inner face,

shining, pale yellowish, with elevated transverse rosy lines ; outer

corona-lobes spreading, channelled, 3-toothed at the apex ; inner

corona-lobes blackish-crimson, with a broad toothed dorsal wing

and a triquetrous hooked inner horn. Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 659 ;

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 479.

ORIGIN : stated to have been raised from South African seeds in the garden of

Prince Salm-Dyck.

.5. 8. senilis (N. E. Br.); stems 1 ft. high and much like

those of S. conformis (Pillans); pedicels short, } in. long, 2 lin.

thick, velvety; sepals 4 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, velvety ;

corolla 43-5 in. in diam. with the lobes extended, velvety-

puberulous on the back, transversely rugulose on the inner face,

with the disk and lower 3 of the lobes light purple with very

numerous narrow crowded transverse light yellowish or straw- —

coloured lines not extending to the margins, and the apical third

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 941

dull purple or purple-brown with a small ochreous or greenish patch

at the apex; disk depressed at the centre and together with the

basal half or rather more of the lobes thickly covered with very fine

soft simple pure white hairs } in. or more long; lobes recurving,

13-2 in. long, 1-1} in. broad, lanceolate, acute, ciliate with long

simple white hairs, much stouter and longer than those on their

face, part of them directed inwards ; outer corona-lobes ascending-

spreading with recurving tips, about } in. long, linear, acuminate,

concave down the face, dark purple-brown with paler (ochreous or

whitish?) margins; inner corona-lobes ascending-spreading, dark

purple-brown, perhaps slightly paler at the tips, with the dorsal

wing 24-34 lin. long, adnate from }—3 of its length to the inner

horn, with the free part scarcely 1 lin. broad at the base, thence

tapering to an acute apex, entire or with a tooth on the inner

margin; inner horn 5-6 lin. long, triquetrous-subulate, acute, rather

straight and parallel with the dorsal margin of the wing below,

slightly recurved at the apex.

Coast REGION : cultivated in Grahamstown Botanic Garden, said to have been

collected in Albany Div., Herb. Pillans, 198 !

Mr. Pillans writes: ‘‘In stem much like S. conformis and quite unlike

S. flavirostris or S. desmetiana, One of the most singular Stapelias I have seen

for colour. At a distance it looks as though it had been finely sprinkled with

flour.”” The hairs on the disk and face of the lobes are much finer and softer than

in S. desmetiana, var. apicalis, which it otherwise somewhat resembles when

dried.

6. S. desmetiana (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1889, vi. 684) ;

stems 6-12 in. high, ?-1} in. square, with the angles much com-

pressed and the teeth with erect rudimentary leaves 1 lin. long,

green, conspicuously velvety-pubescent; flowers usually 3-10

successively developed from a short stout peduncle near the base of

the young stems ; pedicels usually 7-1 in. long, occasionally longer,

2 lin. thick, velvety ; sepals 4~7 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, velvety ;

corolla ovate, acuminate in bud, when expanded 44-64 in. in diam.,

pubescent on the back, transversely rugose on the inner face, with

the disk and basal 4—3 of the lobes varying from very pale purple to

dark purple-red, with numerous transverse pale yellowish (rarely

olive-coloured) lines, rather broadest on the lobes, apical part of the

lobes entirely dull purple to very dark purple, with the entire

surface nearly or quite to the tips of the lobes covered with straight

simple pale purple (or occasionally white) hairs 1-3} lin. long, all

pointing towards the apex of the lobes, but are not adpressed ; lobes

2-23 in. long, 1-1} in. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, flat, ciliate to

the tips with long simple white or pale purple hairs, half of them

directed inwards; outer corona-lobes ascending-spreading, slightly

recurved at the tips, 3-5 lin. long, linear-oblong to slightly ovate-

oblong or lanceolate, varying from acuminate or acute to very

obtuse, with a minute apiculus or slightly 3-toothed at the apex,

concave down the face, pale yellowish with a broad dull purple

942 ASCLEPIADEA (Brown), [ Stapelia.

stripe down the middle and some purple dots along the margins or

purple with the apex or some mottlings there yellowish; inner

corona-lobes connivent-erect with the tips slightly diverging, dark

purple-brown, often paler (or perhaps yellowish) towards the tips,

variable, sometimes with the dorsal wing adnate for ? or wholly

to the inner horn, 13-2 lin. broad, truncate or oblique and

denticulate or entire at the apex, sometimes free nearly or to

the base or adnate for half its length, ?#-14 lin. broad at the

base, deltoid or deltoid-attenuate to oblong, acute or obtuse or

toothed, inner horn 3-5 lin. long, varying from slightly longer to

twice as long as the dorsal wing, triquetrous-subulate, acute,

straight or slightly recurving. N. EH. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl.

t. 1916.

Var. 8, apicalis (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1889, vi. 684) ; ‘‘stems very large”’

(Pillans) ; corolla-lobes with the apical 4 to } without hairs on their inner surface,

sometimes marked with transverse yellow lines nearly to the tips ; otherwise as in

the type.

Var, vy, pallida (N. E. Br.); ‘‘ plant forming clumps sometimes yards across ”

(Pillans) ; stems erect, shortly decumbent at the base, very stout, 9-10 in. long,

13-14 in. square ; corolla 54-6 in. in diam., with the apex and margins of the

lobes purple, the remainder of the lobes and whole of the disk pale greenish-yellow

without markings of any kind; hairs pale greyish or whitish ; outer corona-lobes

light purplish on the sides with the acuminate tips and a line down the middle

yellowish ; inner corona-lobes dull purple or purple-brown at the base, yellowish

above, with the deltoid acute dorsal wing nearly or quite free to the base; other-

wise as in the type.

SourH AFrica : without locality, cultivated specimens !

Coast Reaion : Alexandria Div. ; near Mimosa, Mrs. Hollands in Herb. Pillans,

608! Bedford Div. ; Babians River, without indication of collector in Albany

Museum, 2! Herb, Pillans, 188 ! Queenstown Div. ; Shiloh or Oxkraal Mountains,

3500-4000 ft., Baur, 783 !

CENTRAL Reaion: Somerset Div. ; near Klein Fish River, MacOwan, 1923b!

2249 ! Barkly, 72! Glen Avon, near Somerset East, Pillans, 58! 77! 78! 184! 148!

169! 170! 177! 184! 187! 195! 626! Graaff Reinet Div. ; Ryneveldts Pass and

stony hills near Graaff Reinet, 2500-3200 ft., Bolus, 31! Var. 8: Somerset Div. ;

Great Fish Riv., Juby in Herb. MacOwan ! near Somerset East, Pillans, 174! 175!

Aberdeen Div. ; near Aberdeen, Pillans, 40! Var.y: Willowmore Div. ; between

Willowmore and Kipplaat, Pillans, 155 !

7. 8. flavirostris (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1877, vii. 558, under

S. grandiflora, var. lineata) ; stems erect, rather crowded, 4—7 in.

high, }-1} in. square, with compressed angles and concave sides,

distinctly toothed, with erect rudimentary leaves 1-2 lin. long,

green, with a distinctly visible dense velvety pubescence ; flowers

solitary or 3 together on a short stout peduncle, the two lateral

(under cultivation) usually not developing, near the base of the

young stems ; pedicels }-1} in. long, 2-2} (in fruit 5-6) lin. thick,

_ velvety ; sepals 5-7. lin. long, lanceolate, acute, velvety ; corolla in

bud ovoid, obtuse and slightly depressed at the apex, when

expanded 53-6} in. in diam. with the lobes extended, velvety on ~

the back ; inner surface everywhere transversely rugose, with the

_ apical 3 of the lobes glabrous and the basal part and disk covered 7

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown), 943

with erect soft simple purple hairs, dull purple-red on the disk,

marked with transverse pale yellow and dull purple lines on the

basal half and entirely very dark purple-brown on the apical half of

the lobes, the dark colour extending towards the base in a broad

triangle ; lobes 2-23 in. long, 1-1} in. broad, lanceolate ; acute,

somewhat narrowed at the base, much recurved, ciliate to their

tips with long simple hairs, half directed inwards and usually pale

purple, the others white; outer corona-lobes ascending-spreading,

recurved at the tips, 24-3 lin. long, linear, linear-lanceolate or

linear-oblong, acute, concave down the face, dull reddish-brown or

dull purple at the base, ochreous at the apex; inner corona-lobes

ascending-spreading, pale yellow or ochreous-yellow shading into

dark purple-brown at the base, with the dorsal wing adnate usually

from ; to wholly (rarely for $ or less) to the inner horn, very

rarely free nearly or to the base, 2-4 lin. long, usually 1}-2 (rarely

1) lin. broad, entire, obtuse to truncate, rarely acute or toothed at

the apex ; inner horn 3-5 lin. long, triquetrous-subulate, acute or

3-toothed at the apex, varying from scarcely longer to twice as

long as the wing, nearly straight or slightly recurved at the tips ;

follicles parallel, 6-7 in. long, + in. thick, terete, tapering to the base

and to the incurved-hooked apex, velvety-pubescent. N. E. Br. in

Gard. Chron. 1908, xliv. 187-188, fig. 80. 8. grandiflora, var. lineata,

NV. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1877, vii. 558, fig. 85, and in Hook. Ie.

Pl. under t. 1916.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, cultivated specimens! Herb. Pillans, 331 34!

Herb, Albany Museum, 11!

Coast Recion : George or Oudtshoorn Div, ; between George and Oudtshoorn,

Pillans, 664! Bedford Div. ; Babians River, Albany Museum, 14! Queenstown

Div. ; near Queenstown, Frost in Herb. Pillans, 106 !

Central Reaion: Somerset Div.; near the Fish River, 2000 ft., MacOwan,

1197! Barkly, 21! near Pearston, Pillans, 39! Beaufort West Div. ; Rhenoster

Kop, Foster in Herb. Pillans, 138! Victoria West, Barkly, 21 bis! Richmond

Div. ; near Richmond Road Station, Foster in Herb. Pillans, 96! Middelburg

Div. ; near Middelburg, Chalwin in Herb. Pillans, 135! near Conway, Pillans,

163! 635. Steynsburg Div.; near Steynsburg, Cumming in Herb. Pillans, 680!

Albert Div. ; New Hantam, Drége, 6397 ! Colesberg Div, ; near Colesberg, Shaw !

Barkly, 21! and without precise locality, Pillans, 4!

WesTERN Recion : Little Namaqualand, Templeman in Herb. Pillans, 11!

Katanart Recion: Griqualand West ; near Griquatown, Thompson in Herb.

Pillans, 123! Arnot, 7! and cultivated specimens! Basutoland ; Leribe,

Buchanan ! ;

Mr. Pillans states of his 664, ‘‘This is the most southern point from which I

have had this species. The stems of this form are narrow and elongated,

resembling those of S. lucida, so the growth is influenced by the heavy rainfall.”

8. 8. ambigua (Masson, Stap. 13, t. 12); plant 8-9 in. high,

branching at the base; stems }-1 in. square, softly pubescent ;

angles compressed, with erect rudimentary leaves 14-2 lin. long at

the teeth ; flowers successively developed in a 3-5-flowered cyme —

near the base of the stems; pedicels }-1 in. long, velvety ; sepals

4 lin. long, Fe lin. broad, narrowly lanceolate, acute, velvety ;

corolla in bud

ovoid, acute, when expanded 44-5 in. in diam. with

944 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Stapelia.

the recurved lobes spread out, velvety on the back; inner surface.

transversely rugose, brownish-purple, with darker transverse lines

(rugosities) on the lobes, somewhat thinly covered with erect purple

hairs on the disk or disk and basal half of the lobes, glabrous on

their apical half, ciliate to their tips with long simple light purple:

and white hairs, half of them directed inwards ; lobes 1}—2 in. long,

9-10 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute; outer corona-lobes ascending-

spreading, 4 lin. long, linear-lanceolate, acute and recurved at the

apex, channelled down the face, dull red-brown, with ochreous apex.

and margins; inner corona-lobes diverging, dark purple-brown,

with the dorsal wing nearly free or adnate for }-} of its length to

the inner horn, ascending, deltoid or deltoid-oblong, more or less

toothed on its inner margin; inner horn triquetrous-subulate, more

or less recurved-hooked at the apex. Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1279, and

Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 282; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 278; Poir. Encyel.

vii. 379; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 86; R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i.

24; Jacq. Stap. t. 53; Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 17 ; Kerner, Hort. Semp.

t. 372 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 13; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i.

253; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 114; Deene in DC. Prodr, viii. 652 ;

Loud, Eneycl. Pl. 198, fig. 3271 ; N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. under

t. 1916 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 479.

Var. B, fulva (Sweet, Hort. Brit, ed. 2, 357); disk and basal half of the lobes

pale yellowish-green with transverse purple-brown lines, apical half of the lobes

entirely purple-brown. S. ambigua, var., Jacq. Stap. t. 54,

Sour Arrica : without locality, Masson, and cultivated specimens (some dated

1812, 1813 and 1829 in Herb. Haworth and Kew are probably from plants

introduced by Masson)! Var, 8 : cultivated specimens !

CENTRAL Recion : Victoria West Div. ; near Victoria West, Barkly, 66 !

Specimens collected at the base of a mountain west of Queenstown (Galpin,

1935) may belong to this species. 8. ambigua is easily distinguished from

S. grandiflora by its smaller flowers, narrower corolla-lobes, much more thinly

scattered and rather stiffer hairs on the disk and the recurved-hooked apex of the

inner horn of the inner corona-lobes.,

9. S. sororia (Masson, Stap. 23, t. 39); plant with a rather lax

habit of growth, with stems 6-12 in. high, 6-10 lin. square, erect

from a decumbent base, with compressed angles and erect rudimen-

tary leaves 1-1} lin. long at the teeth, probably velvety-puberulous ;

flowers 1-3 together near the base of the young stems ; pedicels

14-24 in. long, pubescent; sepals lanceolate, acute, pubescent ;

corolla about 44 in. in diam. with the recurved lobes extended,

transversely rugose on the inner surface, purple-brown, marked

from near the base to the tips of the lobes with transverse yellow

lines, with soft purple hairs on the disk and base of the lobes and

the remaining part of the inner surface glabrous, but ciliate to the

tips of the lobes with long purplish simple hairs, half of them

directed inwards ; lobes 13 to nearly 2 in. long, about 1 in. broad,

lanceolate, acute, much recurved, flattish, but slightly contracted

: and apparently with recurved margins at the base ; outer corona-

lobes ascending-spreading, with recurved tips, linear, acute or

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 945

obtuse, concave down the face, dark purple-brown ; inner corona-

lobes with the dorsal wing shortly adnate at its base to the inner

horn, the free part oblong or deltoid-oblong, toothed at the apex,

erectly spreading, dark purple-brown ; inner horns connivent-erect

with recurved-hooked tips, triquetrous-subulate, longer than the

dorsal wings, yellowish, dotted with purple-brown. Willd. Sp. Pl.

1278, and Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 281; Kerner, Hort. Semp. i. 89, and

Ie. Pl. Sel. t. 3; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 278; Poir. Encyel. vii. 378-; R.

Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 24; Hornem. Hort. Hafn. i. 248 ; Haw.

Syn. Pl. Succ. 17 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 14; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort.

Berol. i. 254 ; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 114; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii.

652, eael. reference to Loddiges and Jacquin partly. 8S. sororia, var.

alia, Jacq. Stap. t. 58. 8. uncinata, Jacq. Stap., Synop. Stap. and

Disp. Tab. ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 483. S. lunata, Sweet,

Hort. Brit. ed. 2, 357.

South Arrica: without locality, Masson.

I have not seen this species and very little appears to be known concerning it.

Masson states that it flowered in his garden at Cape Town in 1792 and at Kew in

1797, but it is not mentioned in Aiton’s Hortus Kewensis. Haworth in 1812

merely copies Masson’s diagnosis without any additional observation, so he

probably never saw the plant, the specimen named S. sororia in his Herbarium

is S. Massoni and is dated 1832. Jacquin devotes 3 plates to S. sororia, and

under pl. 57 states that he has three plants under that name; those figured

on pl. 56 and 57 are certainly not S, sororia, Masson, but represent two forms

of S, hirsuta, var. patula, N. E. Br., whilst pl. 58 in its stout stems, lax habit

and the corolla-lobes marked to their tips with transverse yellow lines agrees fairly

well with the plant figured by Masson, who, however, has figured the more or —

less compressed stems with broadly rounded angles, but no reliance can be placed

upon the accuracy of his figure. Willdenow knew the plant, and it is quite clear

that his citation, ‘‘ Stapeliz sorori# varietas, Jacq. Stap.” must refer to pl. 58

of Jacq. Stap. and not to pl. 57, as Jacquin and others have supposed. The hairs

upon the disk of the corolla are badly indicated by Jacquin by a few minute

black lines, so that they are probably erect and not very evident unless viewed

sideways, as is also the case in S. ambigua and some other species.

10. 8. grandiflora (Masson, Stap. 13, t. 11); stems 6-12 in. high,

1-1} in. square, with very compressed angles and deeply trough-

shaped sides, prominently toothed, with incurved-erect rudimentary

leaves 1-2 lin. long, minutely velvety-pubescent; flowers 1-3

together near the base of the stems, successively developed ;

pedicels 2—1 in. long, stout ; sepals 34—5 lin. long, lanceolate, acute,

and together with the pedicels velvety-pubescent ; corolla in bud

ovoid, acute, when expanded 5-6 in. in diam., flat or the lobes

recurving and 1}-24 in. long, 1-1} in. broad, ovate-lanceolate,

acute, not recurved or revolute at the margins, rather minutely

velvety-pubescent on the back ; inner face dark purple-brown, with-

out any markings, darkest on the erect glabrous and transversely

rugose apical half of the lobes, densely and softly villous with long

erect purple hairs on the disk and basal half of the lobes and ciliate

_to their tips with long simple whitish or pale purple hairs, half of

them directed inwards ; outer corona-lobes ascending-spreading, 3-4

‘VOL. IV.—SECT. 1.—PART VI. 3 P

946 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). | Stapelia.

lin. long, linear-oblong, acuminate or rounded into a short subulate

point at the apex, concave down the face, dark purple-brown, dull

yellowish at the base; inner corona-lobes ascending-spreading,

about 5 lin. long, very dark purple-brown, with the broad dorsal

wing usually adnate for 3? to the whole (more rarely for only half)

of its length to and not much shorter than the slightly curved or

straight (not hooked-tipped) triquetrous-subulate acute inner horn,

irregularly toothed or entire at the top or free part. Willd. Sp. Pl.

i. 1278, and Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 282; Kerner, Hort. Semp. t.

69; Bot. Mag. t. 585; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 278; Poir. Encyel. vii. 378,

and in Dict. Sc. Nat. 1. 390; Jacq. Stap. t. 59, and 64, fig. 3; Ait.

Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 85; Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 16; DC. Pl. Grass. t.

172 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 11; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i.

253; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 839, eacl. syns.; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv.

114; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 886, excl. syns.; Decne in DC. Prodr, viii.

652 ; Loud. Encycl. Pl. 198, fig. 3269 ; Groenland in Rev. Hort, 1858,

152 and 154, fig. 37; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 480,

excl. syns.; Berger in Monatsschr. Kakt. xii. 126, with fig.

S. spectabilis, Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 16; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 13;

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 114; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 652;

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 483, excl. syn. S. desmetiana, N. E.

Br. 8S. obscura, N. E. Br. in. Gard. Chron. 1877, vii. 558, under

S. grandiflora, var. lineata, N. E. Br.

Sout Arrica : without locality; Mund! Miller! and cultivated specimens (one

from a plant probably introduced by Masson)! Herb. Haworth !

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div. ; near Sundays River, Masson, Barkly Bridge,

Rogers in Herb. Pillans, 176! and without precise locality, Herb. Pillans, 684!

Alexandria Div. ; Mimosa, Mrs. Holland in Herb. Pillans, 696 !

CentTRAL Recion: Somerset Div. ; by the Great Fish River near Espags Drift,

MacOwan, 1197 ! between Cookhouse and Somerset East, Pillans, 639 ! Karoo at

Bruintjes Hoogte, MacOwan, 1923!

11. 8. fuscopurpurea (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1913); stems

probably 5-8 in. high, #-1 in. square, softly pubescent, with the

angles apparently much compressed and erect rudimentary leaves

3-1 lin. long at the teeth ; pedicels }-1 in. long, stout, pubescent ;

sepals 3-4 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, pubescent ; corolla with the

lobes spread out 34-4 in. in diam., puberulous on the back,

transversely slightly rugose on the inner face, uniformly dark

purple-brown, without markings, densely covered with long soft

purple hairs on the disk, ciliate with stiffer long purplish or whitish

hairs to the tips of the otherwise glabrous lobes, which are reflexed,

14 in. long, 10 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, with revolute

margins ; outer corona-lobes ascending, 3 lin. long, 3—} lin. broad,

linear, obtuse, with a minute apiculus at the recurved apex, concave

down the face, with the sides somewhat inrolled as if pinched

together at the middle, dark purple-brown ; inner corona-lobes 4—5

lin. long, erect, blackish or dark purple-brown, with the dorsal

wing entirely adnate to and about } shorter than the inner horn, _

_ broad and wing-like, truncate and denticulate at the top; inner _

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). : 947

horn triquetrous, acute, recurved, hook-like. Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1898, 480.

SourH Arrica : without precise locality, Barkly, 55!

Of this species I have only seen a single flower and a drawing sent to Kew by

Sir Henry Barkly in 1875. The plant had been cultivated at the Cape Town

Botanic Garden for a long time, but no note of its origin had been retained.

12. 8. Arnoti (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1915); stems erect,

3-8 in. high, 3-1 in. square, pubescent, green ; angles much com-

pressed, with erect rudimentary leaves at the teeth ; flowers 2-3 or

more together from near the base of the young stems, opening

successively or in pairs ; pedicels about 1 in. long, stout, pubescent ;

sepals about } in. long, lanceolate, acute, pubescent ; corolla in bud

very broadly ovate, obtuse, with a very short broadly obconical

base, when expanded about 4 in. in diam., with a flattish disk and

much recurved or revolute lanceolate acute lobes 13-1} in. long,

and 9-10 lin. broad; disk and basal half of the lobes smooth,

covered with pale purple (pink, Barkly) hairs, apical half of the

lobes slightly rugose, glabrous, but ciliate like the basal part with

long simple white hairs, half of them directed inwards, bright

vinous-purple, without markings, with the tips of the lobes blackish :

outer corona-lobes about } in. long, 4—3° lin. broad, linear, acute or

indistinetly 3-toothed, channelled down the face, recurving at the

tips ; inner corona-lobes erectly spreading, about 34 lin. long, with

the dorsal wing adnate for more than half its length to the inner

horn, its free part broadly deltoid, acute or obtuse ; inner horn very

stout, straight, triquetrous, acute.

Katanart Recion: Griqualand West, without precise locality, Arnot (Barkly,

70)!

According to Sir Henry Barkly the corona is ‘‘of a dark brown colour with

yellow stripes in the centre,” from which I suppose the outer corona-lobes to be

yellow down their middle or at the basal part. I have not seen it alive.

13. 8. Plantii (Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 5692); stems rather

compact, 6-8 in. high, #—{ in. square when fully developed, with the

angles much compressed, shortly toothed, pubescent, green ; rudi-

mentary leaves about 1 lin. long, erect ; flowers 1-3 together at the

base of the stems, developing successively ; pedicels 1-1} in. long,

2 lin. thick, pubescent ; sepals about 5 lin. long, lanceolate-

attenuate, pubescent; corolla 4$-5 in. in diam. with the lobes

extended, minutely pubescent on the back; inner surface trans-

versely rugose, thinly covered with short erect purple hairs on the

disk, glabrous on the lobes, which are about 1} in. long and 1 in.

broad, lanceolate, acuminate, abruptly recurved at about } above

their base, thickly ciliate to their tips with long purple hairs, half

of them directed inwards, dark purple-brown, more intense at the

a _ tips, with transverse irregular and often forked pale lemon-yellow

lines (summits of the ridges) on the basal % of the lobes; disk

ee : 3 oe

948 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). | Stapelia.

flattish with a slight central depression ; outer corona-lobes ascend-

ing-spreading, straight, not recurved at the tips, about 24 lin. long,

linear, deeply concave-channelled down the face, more or less

3-toothed at the apex, with the lateral teeth rounded, sometimes

unequal and the middle tooth shortly subulate, blackish-purple,

passing into dull orange at the base, minutely pubescent with

blackish hairs on the middle tooth and down the middle of the

back ; inner corona-lobes blackish-purple, with the dorsal wing

sometimes entirely adnate to and much shorter than the triquetrous-

subulate acute erectly spreading and but slightly recurved

inner horn, sometimes adnate for }-} of its length and produced

above into a broad oblong free wing, more or less denticulate at the

oblique obtuse apex and not much shorter than the inner horn,

glabrous. Fl. des Serres, xix. 137, t. 2012. 8. Asterias, Journ. Hort.

ser. 3, xl. 53, fig. 10, not of Masson.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, cultivated specimen !

Described from a living plant sent by Mr. Tuck of Grahamstown to Kew in

1866, without indication of locality. It has not been rediscovered and no spect-

men was preserved, but there are excellent drawings of it at Kew. .

14. 8. gigantea (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1877, vii. 684, and

693, fig. 112); stems erect, branching and shortly decumbent at the

base, 4-8 in. long, 3-14 in. square, pubescent, light dull green ;

angles much compressed, with erect rudimentary leaves 1-14 lin.

long on the small teeth; flowers 1-2 together, near the base or

towards the middle of the stems; pedicels about 2 in. long, 2} lin.

(in fruit about 4 in.) thick, softly pubescent ; sepals 4-5 lin. long,

lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent ; corolla very large, in bud penta-

gonally ovoid, acuminate, when expanded 11-16 in. in diam., with

the united part disk-like, shallowly depressed at the centre ; back

pubescent ; inner surface‘ transversely rugulose and thinly covered

all over with long fine erect pale purplish hairs and ciliate with

similar but longer hairs, light ochreous-yellow, everywhere marked

with transverse crimson lines ; lobes 4-6} in. long, 2-23 in. broad,

ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, very spreading or recurved, slightly

convex, scarcely revolute at the margins ; outer corona-lobes ascend-

ing-spreading, slightly recurved at the apex, 2}~-3 lin. long, 1} lin.

broad, oblong, slightly concave down the face, 3-toothed at the

apex, with the middle tooth subulate, acute and longer than the

obtuse side teeth, glabrous, dark purple-brown ; inner corona-lobes

dark purple-brown, with the dorsal wing free to the base, ascending,

2-3 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad, oblong or subdeltoid-oblong, obtuse or

acute, entire; inner horn 2-3 lin. long, erect, subulate, rather

obtuse, nearly straight ; follicles slightly diverging, 5-6} in. long,

2 in. thick, subterete, tapering to an obtuse slightly hooked apex,

pubescent. WN. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1888, iv. 728, fig. 101, and

1908, xliv. 187 and 182, fig. 77 ; Bot. Mag. t. 7068; Journ. Hort.

———-: 1890, xxi. 349 and 359, fig. 41; Gard. and Forest, viii. 515, with fig. 5

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 949

Cact. Journ. i. 23, with fig.; N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1899, 55,

and in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 501 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot, 1898,

480. 8S. grandiflora, a plate without text in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard.

1902, facing p. 21.

Eastern Reaion: Zululand ; Umvelosi River, Gerrard, 717! 778! and with-

out precise locality, Plant (cultivated specimens) ! and cultivated specimens, Herb.

MacOwan, 2818! Herb. Pillans, 93!

MacOwan, 2818, is from a plant cultivated in the Cape Town Botanic Garden

said to have come from Namaqualand, but I suspect it is from the same plant

as the specimens distributed in MacOwan and Bolus Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 921,

stated to have been introduced from Walfish Bay. I now think it probable

that both localities are erroneous and that all the plants at present in cultivation

are descendants of the plant originally discovered by Plant in Zululand and at his

death brought with his other effects by his native servants to Durban Botanic

Garden, Gerrard also found it in Zululand, and so far as I can learn no one else

has yet found it growing wild in South Africa.

15. 8. nobilis (N. E. Br. in Bot. Mag. t. 7771); stems erect,

decumbent and branching at the base, 3-5 in. long, 5-10 lin. square,

with concave sides, softly pubescent, green; angles slightly com-

pressed, with erect rudimentary leaves 1 lin. long at the teeth;

flowers 1—5 together, near the base or middle of the young branches,

successively developed ; pedicels stout, 1 in. long, 2} lin. thick,

velvety ; sepals 34-4 lin. long, 14-1 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate,

acute, velvety ; corolla very large, in bud ovoid, acuminate, with

5 projecting teeth below the middle, when expanded 5-lobed to 2 of

the way down, the united part forming a distinct campanulate tube

about 1} in. deep, 14 in. in diam.; lobes 23-4 in. long, 1}—-2 in.

broad, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, reflexed, puberulous and light

reddish-purple on the back ; inner face transversely rugulose, light

ochreous yellow, everywhere marked with irregular transverse

crimson lines and somewhat thinly covered with very fine long erect

purple hairs, ciliate on the lobes with rather stouter simple purple

hairs ; outer corona-lobes ascending, 3 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, linear,

3-toothed at the apex, concave down the face, glabrous, purple-

brown; inner corona-lobes dark purple-brown, with the dorsal

wing free to the base, erect and parallel with the inner horn, 34-4}

lin. long, #-14 lin. broad, narrowly oblong or oblong-lanceolate,

acute or obtuse, entire or denticulate at the upper part ; inner horn

3-5 lin. long, subulate, triquetrous, erect, with slightly incurved

tips, not contiguous at the middle part.

Soutn Arrica: without precise locality, Pillans, 6! and specimens cultivated

at Kew! and Durban, Wood, 10773 !

Katanart Recon: Transvaal; rocky hill-sides of the Magaliesberg Range,

E. 8. C. A, Herb, 868 ! and possibly a specimen from Nylstroom River, Nelson, 114

belongs here.

Eastern Reaion: Natal; probably from the Drakensberg Range, Pillans, 28 !

Cl ied . ff N. E. Br., but the growth is more

the = se be tics Gee angles very poy ta Ce eed uae

that species ; the flower is very similar in colour, but smaller, and its distinctly

_ eampanulate tube at once distinguishes it, whilst the hairs which clothe the whole

950 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Stapelia.

inner surface are much more evident than they are in S. gigantea, Described

from a living plant. There is some uncertainty about this species being really a

native of Natal.

[16. S. Massoni (Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 18) ; stems 6-8 in. high,

6-8 lin. square, with the angles much compressed, softly puberulous,

green ; teeth with incurved-erect rudimentary leaves 1-14 lin. long ;

flowers 1-3 together near the base of the stems, successively

developed; pedicels 1-1} in. long, 14-14 lin. thick, velvety-

puberulous as are the 34-4 lin.-long lanceolate acute sepals ; corolla

4 in. in diam. with the lobes extended, rather minutely and not

densely puberulous on the back; inner face transversely rugose,

raw beef colour or dull purple, darker at the tips of the lobes, not

shining, with transverse yellowish-white lines on the central part of

the lobes, which are about 14 in. long, ? in. broad, lanceolate, acute,

flat, recurved or very spreading and the tips variably recurved,

densely ciliate to the tips with long simple purple hairs, glabrous on

the upper 3, thickly covered at their base and on the disk with soft

short erect purplish hairs ; outer corona-lohes ascending-spreading,

with recurved tips, about 2} lin. long, linear, subacute, concave

down the face, blackish-purple ; inner corona-lobes blackish-purple,

with the dorsal wing free nearly or quite to the base, rather

spreading, 2—24 lin. long, deltoid to linear-oblong, entire or more

usually with 1 tooth on the inner margin ; inner horn ascending-

spreading and usually semewhat recurved, about 3 lin. long,

triquetrous-subulate, acute. Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 16; G. Don,

Gen. Syst. iv. 115; Deene in DO. Prodr. viii. 663 ; N. EB. Br. in Gard.

Chron. 1883, xx. 761; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 481.

Var. 8, livida (N. E. Br.); corolla raw-beef colour to dull dark purple, with-

out transverse whitish or yellowish lines ; otherwise as in the type.

Sourn Arrica ;: cultivated specimens !

According to Haworth this plant was introduced before 1808. I suspect, how-

ever, that it did not come from South Africa, but probably originated in some

European garden. It is very closely allied to S. Asterias, Masson, and may

have been derived from that species, differing chiefly in the corolla not being

shining and the inner horns of the inner corona-lobes more slender and much

more acute than in S. Asterias. I describe the type and var. 8 from living plants.

Although Haworth does not describe the flowers of S. Massoni, I believe the

plant here described to be that species, as it is one that has been in cultivation for

very many years under that name. No specimen named S. Massoni is contained

in Haworth’s Herbarium, but one named S. sororia, dated 1832, is identical with

S, Massoni.}

(17. 8. virens (Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 258, by error

vlrens, name only); stems 4-7 in. high, }—} in. square, with com-

pressed angles and erect rudimentary leaves 1-1} lin. long at the

teeth, puberulous, rather light green; flowers 1-5 together at the

lower part of the young stems, successively developed or sometimes

2 open at the same time; pedicels }-1 in. long, velvety ; sepals

3-34 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, velvety ; corolla about 3 in. in

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 951

diam., with recurved lobes, puberulous on the back, transversely

slightly rugose on the inner face, uniformly dark purple-brown or

with a few transverse whitish or very pale yellowish lines on the

lobes ; disk flattish, with the centre depressed, and together with

the basal third of the lobes thickly covered with erect soft simple

purple hairs about 2 lin. long ; lobes about 1} in. long, 1-2 in. broad,

lanceolate-attenuate, very acute, glabrous on the upper 3, thickly

ciliate to their tips with long simple pale purple hairs ; outer corona-

lobes ascending-spreading, recurved at the tips, 34 lin. long, linear-

oblong, acute or obtuse with a minute central point or very rarely

bifid at the apex, concave down the face, dark purple-brown ; inner

corona-lobes dark purple-brown, with the dorsal wing free to the

base, ascending-spreading, usually curved to one side, 14-24 lin. long,

% lin. broad, linear-oblong, obtuse or toothed at the apex ; inner

horns connivent at the base, then in a bold curve arching over and

sometimes beyond the dorsal wings, 44-5 lin. long, rather slender,

triquetrous-subulate, acute.

South Arrica ? cultivated specimens !

I have been quite unable to find any published description of this plant,

and describe from living specimens which were in cultivation over 40 years ago

and probably long before under the name of 8S. virens. I believe it to be a hybrid,

produced in some European garden. ]

18. 8. Asterias (Masson, Stap. 14, t. 14); stems 4-10 in. high,

7-10 lin, square, with compressed angles, nearly flat-sided with age,

not very prominently toothed, with erect rudimentary leaves 1-1}

lin. long, velvety-puberulous, green ; flowers 1-5 together near the

base of the stems, developing successively ; pedicels 3-1} in. long,

velvety ; sepals 33-4} lin. long, lanceolate, acuminate, velvety ;

corolla in bud ovate, acuminate, when expanded 3-4 in. in diam.,

star-like with very spreading (or reflexed or somewhat contorted)

lobes, 14-1} in. long, 7-9 lin. broad, back velvety-puberulous, inner

surface transversely rugulose on the lobes, dark purple-brown, with

narrow transverse yellow or whitish-yellow lines on the lobes, not

reaching the margins, very shining, rather thinly covered with short

erect purple hairs }-1} lin. long on the disk, often more densely

and with rather longer hairs along 5 lines radiating to the sinuses ;

lobes more sparsely hairy to quite glabrous, lanceolate, acuminate,

convex from the revolute margins, or flattish at the basal part,

thickly ciliate to their tips with long simple pale purple hairs, half

of them directed inwards; outer corona-lobes ascending-spreading

with recurved tips, 2-24 lin. long, linear, slightly concave down

the face, very shortly 3-toothed or very obtuse and apiculate at the

apex, blackish or blackish-purple; inner corona-lobes ascending-

spreading, 24-3 lin. long, dull dark purple-brown, paler towards

the tips with minute dotting on a lighter ground, dorsal wing free

or }-adnate to the inner horn, subparallel with and nearly or

_ quite as long, 3-1 lin. broad, oblong or lanceolate-oblong, obtuse,

952 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [| Stapelia.

entire or occasionally toothed at the apex; inner horn slightly

recurved-erect, triquetrous-subulate, very obtuse, viewed sideways.

Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1280, and Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 282; Pers.

Syn. Pl. i. 278; Poir. Encyel. vii. 379, and in Dict. Sc. Nat. 1.

390; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 86; R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 24 ;

Haw. Syn. Pl. Suce. 18 ; Jacq. Stap. t. 47; Bot. Mag. t. 536 ; Lodd,

Bot. Cab. t. 453; DC. Pl. Grass. t. 166; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 16 ;

Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 254; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 839 ;

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 115; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 886 ; Decne in DC.

Prodr. viii. 653 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 479. S. stellaris,

Haw. Syn. Pl. Suce. 19, and Suppl. 9 ; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol.

i. 254; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv.115; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 663 ;

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 483. S. stellata, St. Lag. in Ann.

Soc. Bot. Lyon, vii. 135.

Var. 8, lucida (N. E. Br.); corona entirely purplish-red or purple-brown

without transverse markings on the lobes, sometimes dull greenish at the tips,

very shining ; outer corona-lobes dark purple-brown to nearly black, with or

without greenish-ochre margins at the apical half; inner corona-lobes entirely

very dark purple-brown or with paler tips as in the type, the dorsal wing

free to the base or partly to almost entirely adnate to the inner horn, 14-23 lin.

long, linear, linear-oblong, deltoid or deltoid-oblong, acute, obtuse or toothed at

the apex and sometimes on the inner margin; inner horn 24-3 lin. long,

triquetrous-subulate, acute to very obtuse, viewed sideways, straight or slightly

recurving ; follicles parallel or slightly diverging, 5-74 in. long, 5-6 lin. thick,

terete tapering at the base and into a beak at the apex; seeds 3-34 lin. long,

1$-14 lin. broad, narrowly ovate, concave with thick incurved margins on one

side, convex on the other, smooth, glabrous, light brown; otherwise as in the

type. S. lucida, DC. Cat. Pl. Hort. Monsp. 148; Poir. Encycl. Suppl. v. 229 ;

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 15; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 114; Decne in DC. Prodr.

viii. 652; N. #. Br. in Hook. Ie, Pl. t. 1919; Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1898, 481.

Var. y, gibba(N. E. Br.); corolla with the lobes extended about 3 in, in diam.,

pale to dark vinous-purple, with the tips of the lobes, a border along their

margins 1-1} lin. broad and 5 stripes radiating to the sinuses all ochreous or dull

greenish colour, without transverse yellow lines on the lobes ; hairs on the disk

‘shorter and more purple ”’ (Pillans) than in var. lucida ; lobes about 1 in. long,

3 in. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, with recurved but scarcely revolute margins,

somewhat convexly humped just below the apex on the inner face, concave

beneath ; outer corona-lobes shortly bifid or 3-toothed at the apex, even in the

same flower!; inner corona-lobes with the inner horn more or less recurved-

spreading, acute or obtuse viewed sideways, sometimes slightly hooked at the

apex ; otherwise as in the type.

-Sourn Arrica: Karoo, Masson, cultivated specimens dated 1811, 1812, 1813

and others much later, from plants probably introduced by Masson, in Herb.

Haworth! and Herb, Kew! Var. B: cultivated specimens !

Coast Recion: Var. 8: Riversdale Div. ; Muis Kraal, Pillans, 619! 666 !

Seven Weeks Poort, Bain, 9! and cultivated specimens! George Div. ; Ezeljagts

Poort, Barkly, 22! MacOwan, 2242! and cultivated specimens! Div. ? Caledon

Kloof, Bain, 5! Var. y: Ladismith Div. ; aléng the road between Ladismith and

, Pillans, 607! 643! :

CentraL Reaion: Var. 8: Laingsburg Div. ; Witte Poort, Pillans, 607 !

"The type and var. B both described from living planta, The type. of

8 stare Haw., in Haworth’s Herbarium at Oxford bb iaentioal be Meath:

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 953

S. Asterias, Masson, S. stellaris, Jacq. ex R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 24 (1811),

and Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 17 (1820) name only, probably refers to the plant

Haworth described, that being the only one R. Brown would be likely to be

acquainted with. But the S. stellaris, Jacg. Stap. t. 48, which seems not to have

been published until 1813, seems rather to belong to var. lucida, since Jacquin

describes the corolla as dark purple, without mention of any transverse whitish or

yellow lines upon it. The numerous transverse whitish lines on the lobes in

Jacquin’s figure, I recognise as the very shining transverse rugosities, which

produce that effect on the living flower of var. lucida. Although the corolla-lobes

of the type and var. lucida frequently have very revolute margins, as represented

in Jacquin’s figure of S, Asterias, they are sometimes much less so, or nearly flat

at the base, as represented in Jacquin’s figure of S. stellaris; I have seen both

forms upon the selfsame plant. The inner horns of the inner corona-lobes of var.

lucida vary from very slender and twice as long as the dorsal wing and exactly as

figured by Jacquin on his plate of S, stellaris to rather stout and scarcely longer

than the dorsal wing, almost as in S, Asterias.

19. 8. Peglere (N. E. Br.) ; stems erect, 5-6 (or more ?) in. high,

probably about } in. square, with scarcely prominent teeth and

rudimentary erect leaves about } lin. long, quite glabrous ; flowers

(unattached) 3-4 together, successively developed ; pedicels about

14 in. long, minutely and thinly puberulous ; sepals 3 lin. long,

lanceolate, very acutely acuminate, glabrous or nearly so, with a

few very minute hairs on the margins; corolla 24 in. (or more?) in

diam., with lanceolate acute lobes 1 in. (or more ?) long, apparently

transversely rugose and dark purple-brown on the inner face,

glabrous on both sides, ciliate to the tips with long simple purple

hairs, half of them directed inwards ; disk with 5 rows of long

simple hairs radiating to the sinuses between the lobes, and thinly

or shortly pubescent with erect soft hairs around the corona only ;

outer corona-lobes 2}—2} lin. long, linear, acuminate, dark purple-

brown ; inner corona-lobes with the outer horn or dorsal wing free

to the base, ascending-spreading, about 24 lin. long, } lin. broad at

the base, tapering to the acute apex, entire, dark purple-brown ;

inner horn recurved-spreading from close to the base over the dorsal

wing, 3 lin. long, triquetrous-subulate, acute, dark purple-brown at

the base, paler or becoming yellowish at the apex. ~

Eastern Recron : Tembuland ; Mqanduli, in dry rocky ground, rare, 1000 ft.,

Miss Pegler, 760!

20. S. glabricaulis (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1917) ; stems

rather loosely branching, decumbent at the base, 4-8 in. high,

3-2 in. square, with the angles much compressed, quite glabrous,

green; teeth with erect rudimentary leaves 1—1} lin. long ; flowers

2-5 together, towards the base of the young stems, successively

developed or sometimes 2 expanded at the same time; pedicels 1—2

in. long, 1} lin. thick, glabrous or with very few minute scattered

hairs only noticeable under a lens ; sepals 4—6 lin. long, lanceolate,

acuminate, with a slight protuberance at the base, glabrous on the

back, usually with a few hairs on the inner surface and sometimes

on the margins ; corolla subglobose in bud, with 5 depressions just

below the obtusely pointed apex, when expanded 24-34 in. in diam.,

954 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Stapelia.

with stellately spreading (not recurved) lobes 11-1} in. long, about

¢ in. broad, ovate-oblong, acute, with revolute margins, ciliate to

their tips with long simple pale purple hairs, half of them directed

inwards, glabrous on the back, transversely rugose and_reddish-

purple without markings on the inner face, becoming paler and

somewhat ochreous at the centre, glabrous on the terminal half of

the lobes, with their basal half and the disk densely covered with

long fine silky purple or greyish-purple hairs, which are more or less

adpressed and directed towards the tips of the lobes ; outer corona-

lobes spreading, recurved at the tips, 24-3 lin. long, linear, variably

obtuse, apiculate, erose, minutely 3-toothed or more rarely

acuminate at the apex, purplish-brown with a yellow base and

sometimes yellow-brown margins; inner corona-lobes dark purple-

brown, with the dorsal wing free to the base or adnate up to half its

length to the inner horn, ascending, 24-3 lin. long, 3-3 lin. broad

at the base, gradually tapering to the acute apex, or oblong-linear

and acute or slightly toothed at the apex; inner horn 34-44 lin.

long, triquetrous-subulate, acute, erect below, with the apex

recurved (often rather suddenly) over the dorsal wings; follicles

43 in. long, 7-8 lin. thick, fusiform, acute (Mrs. Barber). Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1898, 480, excl. syn.

Coast REcion : Bathurst Div.; near Port Alfred, Mrs. Hutton (cultivated

specimens) in Herb, Albany Museum, 13! and Herb. Pillans, 653! Fort Beaufort

Div. ; Blinkwater, Barkly, 52! and cultivated specimens !

21. 8. tsomoensis (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1882, xviii. 168) ;

stems 4-6 in. high, 5-8 lin. square, with compressed somewhat

repand-dentate angles, opaque green, glabrous to the eye,and touch,

but very minutely puberulous on the angles viewed through a

lens ; rudimentary leaves erect, 1 lin. long, ovate, acute, minutely

puberulous ; flowers 4-9 together near the base of the young

stems, successively developed ; pedicels 3-1 in. long, velvety-

puberulous; sepals 3 lin. long, lanceolate, acuminate, velvety-

puberulous, usually ciliate with much longer hairs; corolla in bud

_ globose, very obtusely pointed, when expanded and the lobes

extended 23-3 in. in diam., minutely puberulous on the nerves of

the glabrous light green back; inner face with a few slightly

raised transverse ridges on the apical half of the lobes, entirely

dull smoky-purple and darker at the tips of the lobes, or

with some of the ridges greenish or dirty-yellowish ; disk flattish

and with the base of the lobes covered with long soft simple

somewhat adpressed dark purple hairs; lobes 1-1} in. long,

7-8 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute, strongly recurved, not

revolute at the margins, ciliate with long simple purple hairs,

partly directed inwards; outer corona-lobes about 24 lin. long,

ascending-spreading with recurved tips, oblong-linear, obtuse and

mucronate or acuminate, concave down the face, purplish-black or

dark purple-brown; inner corona-lobes purplish-black or dark

_ purple-brown, divided into a free ascending-spreading deltoid or

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 955

linear or somewhat attenuate acute dorsal-wing 1-2 lin. long and

a subulate-filiform inner horn 3-4 lin. long, connivent at the base,

then recurving, often over and beyond the tips of the dorsal wings.

N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1918.

Eastern Reeron : Transkei ; near Tsomo, Mrs. Barber, 8! Bowker, 11! Barkly,

32! 42! and cultivated specimens !

Described from living plants,

[22. 8. multiflora (DC. Cat. Hort. Monsp. 149) ; stems 4-6 in.

high, }—} in. square, with much-compressed angles and rudimentary

_ erect leaves 2-1 lin. long at the teeth, velvety-pubescent ; flowers

three to several together near the base of the stems, often 2 or

more open at the same time ; pedicels 4-8 lin. long, stout, velvety-

pubescent ; sepals about 3 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, velvety ;

corolla globose-ovoid, acute in bud, when expanded nearly flat,

with the lobes scarcely reflexed, about 3 in. in diam., velvety on

the back; inner face slightly transversely rugose, dark brownish-

purple, without markings, thickly covered with fine soft simple

purple hairs on the disk and base of the lobes, which are about

14 in. long and ? in. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute, with the

margins recurved at the apical half, glabrous, ciliate to the apex

with long pale purple or white hairs, half of them directed inwards ;

outer corona-lobes ascending-spreading with recurved tips, about

3 lin. long, oblong-linear, minutely and subequally 3-toothed at the

very obtuse apex, concave down the face, blackish-purple or dark

purple-brown ; inner corona-lobes ascending-spreading, blackish-

purple or dark purple-brown, about 3 lin. long, with the dorsal

wing entirely adnate to the inner horn or produced at the apex

into a short free deltoid obtuse lobe, 1} lin. broad ; inner horn

stoutly triquetrous-subulate, acute, produced for about 1} of its

length beyond the adnate part of the dorsal wing and recurved

over it. Poir. Encycl. Suppl. v. 229; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 18;

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv.115 ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 653 ; Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1898, 482, not of Rist. S. comata, var. multiflora,

Loud. Encycl. Pl. 198.

Sourn Arrica ? without locality, cultivated specimen !

Described partly from a specimen (probably from the type) cultivated in

Montpellier Garden in Nov. 1819, and partly from a photograph, natural size,

from a plant cultivated at Antibes between 1870 and 1880. I am not satisfied

that this is a native of South Africa, as no wild specimen is known to me, and am

inclined to believe it to be a hybrid. ]

23. 8. deflexa (Jacq. Stap. t. 20); plant laxly branching, with

erect stems, decumbent at the base, 4-7 in. long, 5-7 lin. square,

puberulous, green or tinged with purplish ; angles compressed, with

erect rudimentary leaves 1-1} lin. long at the teeth; flowers 3-6

together near the base of the stems, developing successively, as the

flowering proceeds a peduncle is formed, lasting and producing

956 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). | Stapelia.

flowers for 2 or 3 years in succession, sometimes growing to 1 in.

or more in length; pedicels #-1} in. long, 14-1? lin. thick,

puberulous; sepals 24-3 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, puberulous ;

corolla 2-34 in. in diam. with the lobes extended, puberulous and

pale green, often tinged with purplish on the back, slightly rugose

on the inner face, pilose with short erect purple hairs on the disk,

glabrous on the lobes, which are ciliate with long whitish or pale

purplish simple hairs, either entirely of a light to dark livid purple-

red or marked with a few transverse pale greenish-white or

yellowish lines, tinged at the tips of the lobes and sometimes on

the disk with greenish ; lobes very strongly reflexed, 1-1} in. long,

$-? in. broad, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, with

revolute margins, 5—9-nerved ; outer corona-lobes 13-2} lin. long,

oblong-lanceolate or‘ linear-oblong, acute or acuminate, concayve-

channelled down the face, with the apex recurved, dull purple-

brown, ochreous at the base; inner corona-lobes 14-2 lin. long,

subulate, recurving, with a short dorsal wing-like deltoid crest

3-1 lin. long at the base, dull purple-brown ; odour slight, but

fetid. Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. Suppl. 14; Hornem. Hort. Bot.

Hafn. i. 249; Bot. Mag. t. 1890; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 135 ; Schultes,

Syst. Veg. vi. 46; Spreng. Syst. i. 840 ; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol.

i. 254; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 886; Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 654 ;

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 479. S. deflexa, var. Brownit,

Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. sér. 2, i. 879. 8S. refleca, Haw. Syn. Pl.

Succ. 18 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 15; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 114;

Deene in DC. Prodr, viii. 652 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 483.

S. brevirostris, Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. Suppl. 14; Link, Enum.

Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 254; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 117. Duvaliat

deflexa, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 121.

SourH Arrica : without locality ; cultivated specimens | Herb. Haworth !

Described from living plants, May be a native of Little Namaqualand, as I

have seen a living specimen cultivated at Zurich (var. Brownii, Schinz), which was

said to have been received from German South-West Africa. I have seen an

authentic specimen of S, brevirostris, Willd., in the Berlin Herbarium, it is

identical with S. deflera, Jacq.

24. §. divaricata (Masson, Stap. 17, t. 22); plant very laxly

branching at the base, with erect, straggling, spreading or diverging

stems 3-4 in, long, 34-5 lin. square, glabrous; angles somewhat

compressed, with minute erect rudimentary leaves on the small

teeth ; flowers 1-6 together, towards the base of the young stems ;

pedicels }—3 in. long, very minutely or papillate-puberulous ; sepals

14-2 lin. long, lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ; corolla 1-2 in. in

diam., according to the figures, smaller when dried, flattish, with

recurved-spreading lobes, glabrous on the back and on the smooth

shining inner surface, ciliate with simple white hairs except at the

tips of the lobes, pale greenish on the back, varying from pale

flesh-colour to dull purple with greenish tips on the inner face; _

lobes 6-10 lin. long, 4-4} lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, —

Stapelia. | . ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 957

with revolute margins ; outer corona-lobes spreading, nearly 1 lin.

long, } lin. broad, subquadrate, slightly broadest at the subtruncate

minutely 3-toothed or apiculate apex, reddish or perhaps brownish-

orange, with a yellow base ; inner corona-lobes about ? lin. long,

incumbent upon the backs of the anthers (and in dried flowers

shorter than them), with very short erect tips, ovate or narrowly

oblong-ovate, obtuse, with a very short dorsal projection or gibbosity

at the base, reddish or perhaps brownish-orange ; nearly odourless.

Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1280, and Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 280; Pers, Syn.

Pl. i. 278; Poir. Encycel. vii. 380; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, li. 87;

Jacq. Stap. t. 22; Bot. Mag. t. 1007; Lodd. Bot. Cab. x. t. 941 :

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 27; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 255 ;

Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 841; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 887; Decne in DC.

Prodr. viii. 655 ; Loud. Encycl. Pl. 200, fig. 3307 ; Schlechter in

Journ, Bot. 1898, 480. S. pallida, Wendl. Coll. Pl. ii. 39, t. 51;

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 28 ; Decne in DO. Prodr. viii. 655 ; Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1898, 482. S. pallens, Hort. ea Steud. Nom. Bot. ed.

2, ii. 631. Gonostemon divaricata, Haw. Syn. Pl. Suce. 27, and

Suppl. Pl. Succ. 12; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 117. G. divaricatus and

G. pallidus, Loud. Hort. Brit. 96. G. divaricatum and G. pallidum,

Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 1, 278. G. pallida, G. Don, Gen: Syst. iv.

117.

Sours Arrica : without locality, Masson, cultivated specimen! Herb. Haworth

25. §. stricta (Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 2037); stems rather crowded,

erect, 3-5 in. high, slender, 3-34 lin, square, with minute erect

rudimentary leaves at the small teeth, probably glabrous ; flowers 2

or more together at the base of the stems, developing successively ;

pedicels “shorter than the flower”; corolla about 12 in. in diam.,

_ flat, star-like, glabrous on the inner surface, faintly mottled with

dull purple on a slightly paler ground, with the centre of the disk

rather paler and the margins of the lobes dull greenish ; lobes about _

7 lin. long and 4-41 lin. broad, ovate, acute, flattish, not revolute

at the margins, not ciliate ; outer corona-lobes about 1 lin, long, and

3 lin. broad, oblong, apparently spreading, recurved at the obtuse or

emarginate tips, yellowish-brown, with the apex and a short median

stripe purple-brown ; inner corona-lobes incumbent upon the backs of

the anthers with very shortly upcurved tips, about ? lin. long, narrowly

ovate, acute, slightly gibbous at the base on the back, purple-brown.

Decne in DO. Prodr. viii. 655; Schlechter in Journ. Bot, 1898, 483.

Gonostemon stricta, Haw. Suppl. Pl. Succ. 12; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv.

117. G. strictum, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 1, 278. G. strictus, Loud.

Hort. Brit. 96.

Soutu Arrica : without locality, ex Sims.

I haye seen no specimen of this species, and describe from Curtis’ original

drawing at Kew. The colouring of the reproduction of this drawing in the

Botanical Magazine is too bright, and the centre of the disk is not white in the

original as represented in the reproduction, the mottling is very faint in the ae

original and is omitted in some and rendered too evident in others of the eee

958 ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). | Stapelia.

published plate. No pubescence is represented on the stems in the drawing nor

is it described, so they are probably glabrous as in the closely allied S. divaricata,

Masson, from which it differs in its more compact erect habit, flatter and less

acuminate corolla-lobes and the absence of ciliation.

26. S. Pillansii (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1904, xxxv. 242,

fig. 100); stems rather crowded, 4-5} in. (5-7 in., Pillans) high,

6-10 lin. (7-1 in., Pillans) square, with concave sides and angles

not much compressed, velvety pubescent, green; teeth not very

prominent, with erect adpressed rudimentary leaves 1-14 lin. long ;

flowers 2-5 together near the base of the stems and 2 or more some-

times open at the same time ; pedicels }—1} in. long, 14—2$ lin. thick,

velvety ; sepals about 4 lin. long, lanceolate, acute or acuminate,

velvety ; corolla in bud long-acuminate from a narrowly pentagonal-

ovoid base, not twisted, when expanded 4—5} in. in diam. with the

lobes extended, velvety-puberulous on the back, smooth to slightly

transversely rugose and glabrous on the inner face, purple-brown,

without markings, shining, densely ciliate with soft light purple

simple hairs, which are shorter and fewer and become absent

towards the tips ; disk flattish, depressed at the centre; lobes 13-

21 lin. long, 7-9 lin. broad, lanceolate, attenuate into tail-like tips,

variably spreading or recurved, not revolute at the margins ; outer

corona variable, blackish, shining, either of 10 free ascending lobes

2} lin. long, 5 of them alternating with the inner corona-lobes,

flattish, oblong or oblong-obovate, 1-1} lin. broad at the top, which

is abruptly acuminate or somewhat 3-toothed or abruptly rounded

into a short central obtuse point, 5 others at the back of and

adpressed to or united with the inner corona-lobes, about # lin.

broad, linear or oblong-linear, obtuse, truncate, notched or bifid at

the apex ; or the 5 lobes alternating with the inner corona-lobes

narrower and oblong, and alternating with 5 pairs of filiform teeth ;

or of 5 very deeply 3-fid lobes with filiform lateral segments ; or

all the lobes connate at the basal part into a cup, divided above

into 5 regularly 3-toothed or irregularly several-toothed lobes ;

inner corona-lobes about 3 lin. long, blackish, shining, with the

dorsal-wing 1} lin. broad, adnate for 1-2 of its length to the

inner horn, its free part oblong or rounded, very obtuse, entire

or obscurely crenulate; inner horn recurving, very stoutly

triquetrous, acute to subobtuse, slightly longer than the dorsal

wing ; dried follicles subparallel, 6 in. long, puberulous; seeds

24 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, ovate, with thick incurved margins on

one side, convex on the other, smooth, glabrous, light brown.

N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1908, xliv. 187, fig. 79.

Var. B, attenuata (N. E. Br.); corolla in bud twisted at the apex, when

expanded 64-8 in. in diam., with the lobes 23-3} in. long, with very long tapering

points ; otherwise as in the type.

Centra Recion : Laingsburg Div. ; near Dwarsindeweg, Marloth, 3790! near

Matjesfontein, Pillans, 38! Prince Albert Div.; near Grootfontein, Pillans, 104!

Var. 6: Laingsburg Div.; by the road at Witte Poort, Pillans, 671! near

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 959

Coast Reaton: Var. 8B: Ladismith Div. ; roadside between Muis Kraal and

Ladismith, Pillans, 689 !

The flowers, according to Mr. Pillans, have a strong carrion-like odour ; he states

that no flies ever lay their eggs on the flowers so far as he has observed.

(27. 8. glabriflora (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1876, vi. 809, fig.

149); stems 4-9 in. long, erect, 3-1 in. square, puberulous, green ;

angles much compressed, with erect rudimentary leaves 3-1} lin. long

at the teeth ; flowers 1-2 together at the middle or lower part of the

young stems, opening successively ; pedicels 1—2 in. long, 141} lin.

thick, velvety ; sepals 1—} in. long, lanceolate, acuminate, velvety ;

corolla in bud ovate, acuminate, 5-angled, when expanded the lobes

recurve and cross each other behind, but if laid flat the flower

measures 3-4) in. in diam., velvety on the back, transversely

rugose and quite glabrous on the inner face, not ciliate, duil

reddish-purple, darker at the tips of the lobes, the whole surface to

the tips transversely marked with numerous very narrow linear

irregular yellowish-white lines, those on the disk more slender and

often dark-coloured instead of whitish ; lobes 1}-2 in. long, ? in.

broad, lanceolate, acuminate, much recurved, slightly revolute at

the margins; outer corona-lobes ¢ in. long, nearly 1 lin. broad,

erectly spreading, recurved at the apex, linear, channelled down the

face, obtuse or emarginate, with a very distinct apiculus, blackish-

purple; inner corona-lobes ascending-spreading, blackish-purple,

with the dorsal wing } in. long, erectly spreading, free to the base,

oblong-linear or deltoid-lanceolate, obtuse or acute, entire or slightly

toothed on the inner margin; inner horn }—} in. long, triquetrous-

subulate, straight, with hooked or recurved tips. N. E. Br. in Gard.

Chron. 1908, xliv. 187, fig. 78 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 480.

ORIGIN UNKNOWN : cultivated specimens !

Described from living plants. In all probability a hybrid raised in Europe. ]}

28. 8. conformis (N. E. Br.) ; stems erect, 5-11 in. long, #14

in, square, with much compressed toothed angles and rudimentary

erect leaves 1—2 lin. long, velvety puberulous, green, sometimes

tinted with purplish; flowers 2 to several together, successively

developed from a short stout peduncle or cyme near the base of the

young stems ; pedicels 4-1 in. long, stout, velvety ; sepals 2—4 lin.

long, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, velvety ; corolla 3-4 in.

in diam., velvety on the back, transversely rugulose (except at the

tips of the lobes) and glabrous or with a mifute erect pubescence

around the corona on the inner face, irregularly ciliate (sometimes

very sparsely) on the very edge of the lobes with spreading white

hairs 1-2 lin. long, mingled with others more minute ; disk and

basal half of the lobes sulpbur-yellow or dull yellowish-green or

yellowish-white marked with numerous crowded narrow irregular

transverse purple-brown lines, margins narrowly bordered with

_ and apical half of lobes entirely dark purple-brown, usually with —

960 3 ASCLEPIADEH (Brown). [ Stapelia.

a dull yellowish or greenish spot at apex; disk broadly and

shallowly cup-like with a small star-like cavity at the centre ;

lobes very spreading and more or less recurved, 1-1} in. long,

8-9 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute or somewhat acuminate ;

outer corona-lobes ascending-spreading, scarcely recurved at

apex, 24-3} lin. long, 3-3 lin. broad, linear, acuminate, acute

or obtuse, with or without a minute apiculus deeply channelled

down the face, brownish-ochreous or purple-brown with paler

margins ; inner corona-lobes dark olive-brown or purple-brown, with

the dorsal wing free to the base, ascending-spreading, 1—2 lin. long,

3-1 lin. broad at the base, deltoid to oblong-linear, acute or obtuse,

entire or toothed on the inner margin; inner horns connivent at

the base, then recurving, sometimes with the tips incurved, 14-3

lin. long, triquetrous-subulate, acute.

Var. B, abrasa (N. E. Br.) ; corolla-lobes without cilia and apparently more

intensely coloured than in the type, marked for 3 of their length with yellowish

lines and with a margin 1 lin. or more in breadth of dark purple-brown on their

lower part, otherwise the same as the type.

Coast Recion: Albany Div.; near Grahamstown, Cooper, 1534! Herb.

Albany Museum, 3! Herb. Pillans, 3! Curries Kloof, near Grahamstown,

MacOwan ! and cultivated specimen! Var. 8: Bedford Div. ; Patrys Hoogte, near

the Great Fish River, MacOwan, 2247 !

CENTRAL REGION : Somerset Div. ; near Cookhouse Station, Pillans, 637 !

Described from a living plant which flowered at Kew in Sept. 1898, and many

dried flowers. Pillans, 637, is a form ciliate with very few long hairs and inter-

mediate between the type and var. abrasa.

29. S. Macowani (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1920); stems

erect, 6-12 in. high, 1 in. square, with very compressed angles, not

very prominently toothed and the rudimentary leaves adpressed-

erect, 1-1} lin. long, velvety-puberulous ; flowers 3-4 or more

together, near the base of the young stems, successively developed ;

pedicels 2-5 lin. (in fruit up to 1} in.) long; sepals 2-3 lin. long,

ovate-lanceolate, acute, and with the pedicels densely velvety-

pubescent ; corolla 2-24. in. in diam., with the disk depressed into a

very broad shallow somewhat funnel-shaped tube, having 5 slight

grooves radiating from the centre to the sinuses between the flattish

ovate acute very spreading or slightly recurved lobes, shortly

pubescent on the back, but not so densely as the sepals, glabrous on

the transversely rugulose inner surface, not ciliate or only by the

short marginal pubescence of the back, pale “ greenish-white

(MacOwan), or pale yellowish, marked to the tips of the lobes with

slender crowded transverse wine-purple or purple-brown lines, and

suffused with purplish in the cup of the disk ; lobes 9-11 lin. long,

7-8 lin. broad; outer corona-lobes ascending-spreading, slightly

recurved at the tips, with the apex itself upcurved, 3 lin. long,

1-1} lin. broad, slightly obovate-oblong, obtuse with a small

-_ apiculus or slightly 3-toothed, channelled down the face, purple-

brown, with paler margins and yellowish at the base ; inner corona

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 961

lobes connivent-erect, 2-2} lin. long, 14 lin. broad, entirely wing-

like, broadly subobovate-oblong or subrectangular, entire, or slightly

or distinctly notched at the more or less oblique apex, dark

purple-brown ; follicles subparallel, about 5} in. long and 10 lin.

thick, fusiform, acute, puberulous. Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1898, 481,

Coast Recion: Albany Div.; Hell Poort and Bothas Berg, MacOwan, 909!

Barkly, 49!

CENTRAL RxGION: Jansenville Div. 3; Loots Kloof, MacOwan, 909!

In my original description I stated that the pedicels were 3-2 in. long, from

a drawing, but none of the specimens have them more than 5 lin. long, mostly

less.

_ (80. 8. incomparabilis (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1901, xxx.

405) ; stems erect, 3-6 in. high, 4—6 lin. thick, 4-angled, with stout

horizontal teeth 1-14 lin. long, tipped with spreading or slightly

ascending subulate rudimentary leaves 1-1} lin. long, which soon

wither, glabrous to the eye, but very minutely and scantily puberu-

lous under a strong lens; flowers 3—4 together near the base of

the stems, successively developed; pedicels 3-1 lin. long, very

minutely puberulous under a lens ; sepals 3-5 lin. long, 1 lin.

broad, lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous, ciliate with white hairs ;

corolla 3-3} in. in diam., smooth and glabrous on the back,

transversely rugose on the inner surface, entirely purple or purple-

red (not purple-brown), sometimes with narrow irregular transverse

yellowish or whitish lines on the edges of the rugosities, pubescent

with short dark purple hairs in the cavity containing the corona,

otherwise glabrous, ciliate to the tips of the lobes with long clavate

vibratile dark purple (sometimes mingled with white) hairs ; united

part broadly cup-shaped 1-1} in. in diam. and about + in. deep,

suddenly contracted at the bottom into a very short subpentagonal

cavity containing the corona; lobes very spreading or reflexed,

1-1} in. long, 9-10 lin. broad, ovate, acute or acuminate; outer

corona-lobes ascending-spreading, 2 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, linear,

subtruncate or rounded with a slightly projecting tooth or emarginate

or bifid at the apex, dull purple or purple-red with paler margins ;

inner corona-lobes 2-horned, purple-brown, more or less speckled

with a paler colour at the tips; outer horns suberect, 1} lin. long,

laterally compressed, subulate, acute ; inner horns connivent-erect

below, slightly diverging at the tips, 4 lin. long, filiform, slightly

clavate and acute at the apex.

ORIGIN UNKNOWN : cultivated specimens !

Described from living plants first sent to me by Mr. Westcombe (an ardent

cultivator of Stapeliew) in 1875. It may be a native of South Africa, but I

suspect that itis more probably a hybrid raised in Europe. The colour is brighter

than and the flower totally different from that of any other species I have seen.]

31. 8. gemmiflora (Masson, Stap. 14, t. 15) ; stems 3-4 in. high,

_ obtusely 4-angled, }—2 in. square, rather softly fleshy, glabrous,

_ greyish- or subglaucous-green ; teeth ending in spreading subulate

(oo ee seen pas. 3 Q

962 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). | Stapelia.

acute leaves 2-4 lin. long; flowers 1-4 together, successively

developed, near the base of the young stems; pedicels erect or

spreading, 14-2 in. long, about 2 lin. thick, becoming 4—5 Jin. thick

in fruit, glabrous ; sepals 24-3 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute or

acuminate, glabrous ; corolla in bud rhomboid-ovoid in side view,

pentagonal, with 5 short acute spreading or decurved points at the

angles, when expanded 24—34 in. in diam., flattish on the disk, with

spreading or recurving lobes, glabrous on both sides, smooth and

thickly covered with brownish-red spots (always?) on a pale green

ground on the back, inner face densely and minutely rugose, intense

violet- or blackish-purple, minutely and indistinctly mottled with a

slightly lighter shade of the same colour and lighter along the

margins, with or without a few yellow spots at the base of the lobes

and on the disk; lobes 1-1} in. long, 9-10 lin. broad, ovate or

oblong-ovate, acute, flat or slightly convex, beautifully ciliate from

base to apex with vibratile slightly clavate white or pale purple

hairs ; outer corona-lobes erectly spreading, 34-4 lin. long, deeply

trifid, blackish-purple, with the tips of the teeth and margins of the

middle tooth below the middle ochreous ; middle tooth lanceolate or

linear-lanceolate, varying from entire and acute, obtuse or truncate

to bifid at the apex, channelled down the face and the sides, pinched

in at the base ; lateral teeth shorter, subulate or filiform ; inner

corona-lobes 2-horned, blackish-purple, with the tips of the inner

horn and a few dots at the base of both horns yellow; outer horn

ascending, }—-1 lin. long, compressed, linear- or narrowly deltoid-

subulate ; inner horns connivent-erect at the base, recurving above,

2-23 lin. long, filiform, acute or obtuse; odour “horribly fetid”

(MacOwan), “musky, very agreeable” (Pillans) ; follicles erect,

subparallel, 4-5 in. long, }-2 in. thick, fusiform, beaked, glabrous,

pale greenish, with numerous irregular blackish-green longitudinal

linear markings ; seeds } in. long, } in. broad, elongate-ovate, flat,

with a wing-like margin, smooth, light-brown. Willd. Sp. fi 3

1280; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 278; Poir. Encyel. vii. 379 ; Jacq. Stap. t.

24; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 87; Curtis, Bot. Mag. t. 1839 ;

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 31 ; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 838 ; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii.

885; Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 656 ; Loud. Encycl. Pl. 200, fig. 3300 ;

N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. under t. 1910, p.3; Schlechter in Journ.

Bot. 1898, 480. S. stygia, Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 32 (by error 562) ;

Decne in DOC. Prodr. viii. 657 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 483.

Tridentea gemmiflora, Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 34; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv.

118. T. stygia, Haw. lc. 35; G. Don, lec. 118.

Var. B, hircosa (N. E. Br.); corolla-bud with spreading points at the sinal

angles ; inner face with some yellowish dots and irregular markings on the dark

purple-brown or blackish-purple ground colour or covered with large dark purple-

brown spots on a greenish-yellow ground ; corona in size, form and colour as In

the type; odour ‘“‘like that of a he-goat” (Barkly), “musky” (Pillans).

_ S. hircosa, Jacq. Stap. t. 25; Willd. Enum, Pl. Hort. Berol, 281; Schultes, —

Syst. Veg. vi. 82 (by error 562) ; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i, 254; Kerner, —

——— Hort. t. 880; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 839; Dietr. Syn. ii, 885; Decne in DC.

—— Prodr. viii. 656; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 481; N. E. Br. in Hook.

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 963

Tc. Pl. under t, 1910, p. 2. 8. hircola, Poir. Encycl, Suppl. v. 234, S. moschata,

J. Donn, Hort. Cantab. ed. 3, 43 (name only) ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 32 (by

error 562); Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1051. Tridentea hircosa, Schultes, l.e. 850.

T. moschata, Haw, Syn. Pl. Suce. 35, and Suppl. 10 ; Schultes, l.c. 850; G. Don,

Gen. Syst. iv. 118, i

Var. y, densa (N. E. Br.); corolla-bud with short upcurved points at the sinal

angles ; inner face greenish-yellow densely speckled (except along the margins)

with dark purple-brown ; outer and inner corona-lobes light ochreous-yellow, °

sparingly dotted with purple-brown and a line of it down the inner face of the

bifid or entire and acute or obtuse middle tooth of the outer corona-lobes ; odour

somewhat musk-like ; otherwise as in the type. S. hircosa, var. densa, N. E. Br:

in Hook. Ic. Pl. under t. 1910, p. 3.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Mund and Maire | Barkly, 48! cultivated

specimens! Var. B: Barkly, 79! and cultivated specimen! Var. 7: cultivated

specimen !

Coast Reaion: Swellendam Div. ; near Swellendam, Pillans, 29! Var. B:

Swellendam Div. ; near Swellendam, Pillans, 50! Ladismith Div. ; between Muis

Kraal and Ladismith (with the type), ex Pillans.

CenTRAL Recion: Laingsburg Div. ; Witte Poort, Pillans, 624! 1214! Prince

Albert Div. ; passes of the Zwartberg Range, Bain, 10! Graaff Reinet Div. ; hills

near Graaff Reinet, 3000 ft., Bolus, 817! Zwartruggens, near the Sundays River,

MacOwan, 2243! Steynsburg Div. ; near Steynsburg, ex Pillans, Aliwal North

Div. ; near Aliwal North, ex Pillans. Albert Div. ; Cooper, 671! 3318! Var. B:

Laingsburg Diy.; Witte Poort, ex Pillans. Var. y: Div.: near the Orange

River and between Murraysburg and Richmond, Barkly, 10! MacOwan, 2263!

The variety densa is described from a living plant sent to me by Sir Henry Barkly.

I have not seen the type or var. B alive. i

32. S. vetula (Masson, Stap. 15, t. 16); stems erect, obtusely

4-angled, 4-6 in. high, 6-7 lin. square, with a rather thin and

exceedingly minute pubescence, green ; teeth tipped with incurved-

erect rudimentary leaves }—1 lin. long; flowers 1-3 together near

the base or the clusters scattered along the sides of the young stems,

successively developed ; pedicels 6-10 lin. long, about 1 lin. thick

glabrous ; sepals 2-3 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, glabrous ; corolla

in bud conically pointed, when expanded 24-23 in. in diam., flattish

or with recurved lobes, glabrous on the smooth back, and on the

transversely rugose inner surface, not ciliate, purplish-tinted on the

outside, uniformly blackish-purple without markings on the inner

face ; lobes 11-1} in. long, 6-7 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute or

acuminate, with 3-5 longitudinal depressed veins on the inner face :

outer corona-lobes 2}—3 lin. long, ? lin. broad, linear-oblong, acute or

obtuse and apiculate, dull reddish, with ochreous margins ; inner

corona-lobes 2-horned, blackish, with the inner horns connivent at

the base, then recurved in an are, about 4 lin. long, subulate-filiform ;

outer horn spreading, very small, }—1 lin. long, crest- or wing-like,

shortly deltoid, acute or obtuse. Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1291, and Enum.

Pl. Hort, Berol. 280; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 280; Poir. Encycl. vii. 387 ;

Jacq. Stap. t. 27 ; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 93 ; R. Br. in Mem. Wern.

<3.) Sopeds at ane Teutsch. Gart. Mag. 1818, 17, t. 2 A, ex Schultes ;

—- Sehultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 32 (by error 562); Lodd. Bot. ams 428 ;

964 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Stapelia.

Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 254; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 839;

Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 885 ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 656; Loud. Encyel.

Pl. 200, fig. 3303 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 484. S. juvencula,

Jacq. Stap. t. 28; Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 280; Poir. Encyel.

Suppl. v. 231; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 15; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort.

Berol. i, 254; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 839; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 115 ;

Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 885; Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 653. Tridentea ?

vetula, Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 35; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 11S

juvencula, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 1, at:

Var. B, Simsii (N. E. Br.) ; outer horn of the inner corona-lobes half as long as

the inner horn, wing-like, irregularly deltoid-linear, slightly toothed on the inner

margin ; otherwise as in the type. S. Simsii, Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 33; DC.

Prodr. viii. 656 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 483. S. vetula, Sims, Bot. Mag.

t. 1234. Tridentea? Simsii, Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 86; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 118.

Coast Recion ; Worcester Div. ; mountains near Hex River, Masson ! Var. B:

Haanton My

Described from Masson's type, preserved in fluid at the British Museum, and

dried specimens.

33. 8. olivacea (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1875, iii. 136 and 137,

fig. 24); plant rather compactly branched at the base ; stems erect,

3-5 in. high, 3-1 in. square, very obtusely 4-angled, with the faces

slightly grooved, not toothed on the angles, but with an impressed

transverse line at the base of the erect 4-3 lin.long rudimentary

leaves, minutely puberulous, very smooth-looking, greyish-green,

with the grooves and impressed lines darker, usually blotched

with purple where exposed to the sun; flowers 2-6 together at

the base of the young stems; pedicels 2-3 (in fruit 6—8) lin. long,

puberulous ; sepals 2-2} lin. long, lanceolate-subulate, puberulous ;

corolla in bud ovoid, subobtuse, when expanded 14~1# in. in diam.,

with very spreading or slightly recurved lobes 5—7 lin. long, 4—5 lin.

broad, ovate, acute, puberulous and dull green on the back, mner

face deeply and closely rugose, glabrous, ciliate with white simple

hairs, varying from pale olive to dark olive-green with the rugosities

brown, or sometimes entirely dull brownish-red ; outer corona-lobes

ascending-spreading, 1-1} lin. long, narrowly deltoid-subulate, acute,

dark purple-brown, with a smooth polished central stripe from the

base to the middle; inner corona-lobes 2-horned, dark purple-brown ;

inner horn 2-24 lin. long, erect or very slightly recurving, slenderly

filiform ; outer horn erectly recurved, }-1} lin. long, falcately

subulate, laterally compressed ; follicles 35-4 in. long, about 4 in.

thick, narrowly fusiform, acute, puberulous ; seeds not seen ; odour

strong, fetid. Dyer in Bot. Mag. t. 6212; N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic.

Pl. under t. 1920; and Gard. Chron. 1908, xliv. 196, _fig- 86 ;

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 482. S. eruciformis, Hort. ea N. E. Br.

in Gard, Chron. 1875, iii. 186.

Stapelia. | _ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 965

Described from living plants. In the Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1875, iii. 206, it is

stated by Mr. Croucher, and alluded to in Bot. Mag., that another plant with

black flowers, ciliate with black hairs, was also in cultivation under the name of

S. eruciformis. 1 afterwards obtained flowers of Mr. Croucher’s plant and found

them to be identical with S. olivacea, and to have white cilia !

34, §. acuminata (Masson, Stap. 15, t. 17); stems erect, 3-6 in.

high, }—} in. square, puberulous, purplish-brown tinted; angles

compressed, toothed ; rudimentary leaves erect, } lin. long; flowers

in fascicles of 2-5 at or above or occasionally below the middle of

the stems, opening successively ; pedicels 2-4 lin. long, velvety-

pubescent ; sepals 2-2} lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, velvety-

pubescent ; corolla acuminate in bud, 11-13 in. in diam. when

expanded, rotate, softly puberulous on the back, glabrous and

transversely rugose all over the inner surface, ciliate to the tips of

the lobes, with long white simple hairs, dark purple-brown with

transverse yellowish lines on the rugosities; lobes 5-8 lin. long,

3-34 lin. broad, ovate, acuminate into a short tail-like point ; outer

corona-lobes 13-14 lin. long, $—} lin. broad, slightly ascending,

linear-oblong, bifid or minutely 3-toothed at the apex, mottled with

yellowish and purple-brown; inner corona-lobes 2-horned, pale

reddish, spotted with purple-brown ; outer horn 3~1 lin. long, free

to the base, spreading, laterally flattened, narrowly deltoid or deltoid-

subulate, acute, more or less toothed on the upper margin ; inner

horn 14—1? lin. long, linear-filiform, dorsally flattened, connivent at

the base, then erectly spreading or recurving in a bold arc above

the outer horn. Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1281; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 278; Poir.

Encycl. vii. 380 ; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 87; Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ.

23; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 21; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 839; G. Don,

Gen. Syst. iv. 116; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 886 ; Deene in DC. Prodr. viii.

654 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 479.

Var. 8, brevicuspis (N. E. Br.); stems rather smaller than in the type

(Pillans) ; corolla 9-10 lin. in diam. ; lobes 3-4 lin. long, 23 lin. broad, ovate,

acute, not tapering into a point as in the type, and perhaps with brighter yellow

lines, but with no other distinction.

WESTERN Recion: Little Namaqualand ; Masson, Templeman in Herb. Pillans,

5! 20! Var. 8: Little Namaqualand ; Templeman in Herb. Pillans, 26!

Masson described the stems as glabrous, but, although minute, the pubescence

is easily discernible. Dietrich has erroneously described the outer corona-lobes

as entire.

35. S. rufa (Masson, Stap. 16, t. 20); stems erect, not decumbent

at the base, 4—9 in. high, }—? in. square, with obtuse angles and

nearly flat sides when mature, and the teeth with erect rudimentary

leaves 3-1 lin. long, softly and minutely puberulous, at first green,

becoming olive-green or tinted with dull purple with age; flowers

3-5 together at the base or near the middle of the young stems,

successively developed ;, pedicels 1}-4 lin. long, stout, velvety ;

_ sepals 2-2} lin. long, tapering from the base to an acute apex,

e 1833, this is I now

966 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [Stapelia.

velvety ; corolla in bud ovate, acuminate, when expanded 14-2

in. in diam., velvety puberulous on the back, inner surface closely

transversely rugose all over, with the shallowly and broadly funnel-

like depressed disk and base of the lobes glabrous, their terminal

part being pubescent or puberulous and minutely ciliate with

purple hairs all along or sometimes with hairs }—1 lin. long, at the

basal part, entirely dull dark red or chocolate-red, or with slender

dull olive-green lines between the transverse ridges on the disk and

basal half of the lobes, which are 7-8 lin. long, 33-4 lin. broad,

attenuate-acuminate from about the middle to the rather slender

tips from an ovate base, very spreading or recurving, with recurved

margins ; outer corona-lobes spreading, }—j lin. long, 4—} lin. broad,

subquadrate or transversely subrectangular, subtruncate, obscurely

crenulate or with a very short obtuse-angled point at the apex,

channelled down the face, very dark orange or reddish-orange (in

dried flowers apparently yellow-ochre), microscopically ciliate

(always?) ; inner corona-lobes erect, 2 lin. long, narrowly oblong or

subcuneate-oblong, viewed from the back, subtruncate or obtuse to

‘shortly bifid at the apex, with a short compressed projection or

gibbosity at the base on the back, minutely puberulous, nearly

black, shining ; anthers yellow. Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1281; Pers. Syn.

Pl. i. 278; Poir. Encyel. vii. 380; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii, 87;

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 18, excl. reference to Haworth ; Lodd. Bot.

Cab. t. 239; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 115; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii.

653; Loud. Encycl. Pl. 198, fig. 3283 ; N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl, t.

1922 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 483, S. rufescens, Salm-Dyck,

Hort. Dyck. 373; Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 654 ; Schlechter in

Journ, Bot, 1898, 483.

Var. f, attenuata (N. E. Br.); corolla-lobes 9-10 lin. long; 3 lin. broad at the

deltoid or deltoid-ovate base, at about 4 of the way up rapidly tapering into the

narrow linear-attenuate tail-like tips, rather minutely ciliate ; outer corona-lobes

subrectangular, obtuse or with a broad obtuse-angled point, not ciliate ; inner

corona-lobes suberect, 1 lin. long, linear, very obtuse or slightly bifid, quite

glabrous, blackish or very dark purple-brown ; otherwise as in the type.

_ fissirostris, N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic, Pl. under t. 1922, not of Jacquin.

Coast Reaton: Riversdale Div.; beyond Platte Kloof, Masson. Var. B:

Ladismith Div.; along the main road hetween Muis Kraal and Ladismith,

ae ; 685! Touws Berg (not Tomos Berg as originally printed by error)

Cenrrat Recon: Laingsburg Div. ; near Matjesfontein, ex Pillans. Prince

Albert Div. ; Karoo near Groot Fontein, Barkly, 65! Pillans, 17! Var. B:

Laingsburg Div. ; along the main road between Prins Poort and Laingsburg,

Pillans, 685! Witte Poort, ex Pillans.

The type described from a living plant.

S. rufa, Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ, 20, not of Masson. The type sheet of this in

Haworth’s Herbarium contains 4 flowers; against one of them Haworth has

written “*S, rufa’ Donn” in ink and under that name in pencil the name

‘‘hirsuta ;” under another flower is written ‘“ ‘rufa’ Mr, Venes, 1812,’” and

under all, the aa RO en dried cirea 1812, 1814 sine nom. Mem. —

n ink not S. rufa, Masson, nor do I find it elsewhere —

described, H.” Three of the flowers appear to acer dae a form of S. hirsuta,

Stapelia.] ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 967

var. patula, N. E. Br., and the fourth appears to me to be either a very shrunken

flower of S. ambigua or some seedling variety of that species, the hairs on the

disk, instead of being very fine and woolly as in the other 8 flowers, are of the

same straight and rather stiff character as in S. ambigua, and the short pedicel

and structure of the corona also agree with that species.

36. S. fissirostris (Jacq. Stap. t. 23); stems not seen, according

to Jacquin growing to 24 ft. high, but doubtless much elongated

under conditions of cultivation and probably in nature about

6-8 in. high, laxly branching, 5-6 lin. square, with slightly com-

pressed toothed angles, softly pubescent, whitish-green, teeth with

erect rudimentary leaves 1-1} lin. long ; flowers in fascicles of 5—6

near the base of the young stems, opening successively ; pedicels

about } in. long, velvety-pubescent, as are the 2 lin.-long lanceolate

acuminate sepals ; corolla in bud with a rather long conical-acuminate

point, when expanded about 2 in. in diam., glabrous on the back ;

inner face rugose with transverse elevated ridges, yellowish-green

with the ridges purplish-brown or fuscous; tube very short and

broad ; lobes widely spreading, about ? in. long and } in. broad at

the base, long-attenuate from an ovate base, ciliate with short simple

hairs, very slightly revolute at the margins near the base ; outer

corona-lobes spreading, less than 1 lin. long, oblong or ovate-

oblong, subacute, dull orange ; inner corona-lobes about as long as

the outer, suberect, bifid to 4 of the way down, with divergent acute

points and a short dorsal gibbosity or projection at the base,

described as blood-red, but figured as dark purple-brown. Haw.

Suppl. Pl. Succ. 9; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 20 ; Link, Enum. Hort. Berol.

i. 254; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 841 ; Kerner, Hort. t. 434 ; G. Don, Gen.

Syst. iv. 115; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 887; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii.

654 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 480.

Sour Arrica : without locality, Schott (ex Jacquin).

37. S. glanduliflora (Masson, Stap. 16, t. 19); stems erect,

4- (rarely 5—6-) angled, 3-6} in. high, $—? in. thick, softly pubescent ;

angles somewhat compressed ; teeth rather prominent, tipped with

an erect or incurved rudimentary leaf }-1 lin. long; flowers 3-9

together, near the base of the young stems, successively developed ;

pedicels 14-3 in. long, ? lin, thick, pubescent, reddish ; sepals 14—3

lin. long, lanceolate, acute, pubescent ; corolla in bud ovoid, shortly

pointed, when expanded hig in. in diam., flattish, minutely

pubescent on the back, very slightly rugulose on the inner face

and densely covered on the basal 4—} of the lobes with long out-

standing pa stiff white hairs, and fringed all round with

similar hairs, pale sulphur-yellow, marked all over with numerous

dots and fine interrupted transverse lines of. purplish-red ; lobes

5-7 lin. long, 33-4 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate,

very spreading, with the tips recurved ; outer corona-lobes 1 lin,

long, } lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, yellowish or purplish-orange at

_ the base, purplish-brown or orange-brown at the apex; inner

/. :

968 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [Stapelia,

corona-lobes 1-14 lin. long, simple, subulate, without a dorsal

gibbosity at the base, connivent-erect or crossing each other at the

tips, dull yellowish, margined and dotted with red-brown ; odour

rather faint or scarcely any. Smith, Exot. Bot. ii. 23, t. 71; Poir.

Encyel. vii. 382; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 89 ; Jacq. Stap. t. 21;

Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 22; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 21; Spreng. Syst.

Veg. i. 840; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 116; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii.

654; Loud. Encycl. Pl. 200, fig. 3287 ; N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl.

under t. 1921; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 480. S. glandulifera,

Willd, Sp. Pl. i. 1284; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 279 ; Poir. Encyel. vii. 382 ;

Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 21; R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 24 ; Schultes,

Syst. Veg. vi. 21; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 116; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii.

886. 8S. hispidula, Hornem. Hort. Hafn. i. 251; Schultes, Syst. Veg.

vi. 21; Spreng. Syst. i. 840; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 116; Decne in

DC. Prodr. viii. 663,

VaR. 8, emarginata (N. E. Br.); outer corona-lobes oblong or rectangular,

emarginate or shortly bifid at the apex, otherwise as in the type.

Coast ReEaion : Clanwilliam Div. ; deserts near North Olifants River, Masson ;

near Clanwilliam, Pocock in Herb. Pillans, 88! northern slopes of Olifants River

Valley, Pillans! and cultivated specimens! Var. 8: Clanwilliam Div. ; near

Clanwilliam, cultivated specimen !

Described from living plants. The flowers vary in the depth of tint of the

ground colour, the distinctness and intensity of colour of the transverse markings,

and the amount to which they are clothed with clavate hairs, which although

white are somewhat translucent. Haworth has stated that the plant he had seen

in cultivation and which he has carefully described as S. glandulifera, differs from

Masson’s S. glanduliflora by ‘‘ its pubescent and otherwise different branches,” and

‘‘ entire stamina (inner corona-lobes), his having bifid ones.” But he was misled

by Masson’s rather poor figure on which there is no indication (nor mention in

the description) of pubescence, and the somewhat two-lobed spot behind the

inner corona-lobes I believe to be intended for shading, as in a drawing of my

own the shading has a somewhat similar appearance.

38. 8. concinna (Masson, Stap. 15, t. 18); stems erect, 3-6 in.

high, rather slender, 3—4 lin. square, grooved down the sides, with

obtuse angles (probably slightly compressed) and erect rudimentary

leaves 4—} lin. long at the teeth, velvety-puberulous, dull green,

tinted with dull purple ; flowers 2-3 together near the base of the

young stems, successively developed; pedicels about } in. long,

velvety puberulous, as are the 1} lin.-long lanceolate acute sepals ;

corolla about 14 in. in diam., flattish, star-like, with very spreading

lobes about 5-6 lin. long, 34-4 lin. broad, ovate, acute, rather

minutely velvety-puberulous on the back; inner surface trans-

versely rugulose, dull purple (or purple-brown ?), lobes with irregular

transverse yellowish lines, tips yellowish with an indistinct reticula-

tion of purplish, whole surface thickly covered with rather stiff

erect simple white hairs, those at the margins longer than the

others not forming spreading cilia; outer corona-lobes ascending- _

spreading, with recurved tips, 1} lin. long, } lin. broad, —

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 969

linear, very obtuse or subtruncate with a minute central tooth

or obscurely 3-toothed at the apex, very dark purple-brown or

blackish ; inner corona-lobes very dark purple-brown, connivent

below, recurving above, 1}-1} lin. long, linear-subulate, dorsally

flattened (not triquetrous), with the dorsal wing at its base very

small, about 4 lin. long, ascending-spreading, deltoid or deltoid-

oblong, obtuse. Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1284, and Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol.

Suppl. 14; Hayne, Term. Bot. ed. 1799, t. 16, Jig. 8; Pers. Syn. Pl.

i. 279 ; Poir. Encycl. vii. 382 ; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 89; Haw.

Syn. Pl. Succ. 21; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 20; Link, Enum. Pl.

Hort. Berol. i. 254; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 839; G. Don, Gen. Syst.

iv. 116; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 885; Decne in DO. Prodr. viii, 654;

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 479.

Var. 8, paniculata (N. E. Br.) ; corolla entirely dull purple or purple-brown,

without transverse yellow lines on the lobes ; otherwise as in the type. 8S. pani-

eulata, Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. Suppl. 13; Jacq. Stap. t. 26; Schultes,

Syst. Veg. vi. 34; Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 255; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 889;

Dietr, Syn. Pl. ii. 885 ; Decne in DC. Prodr, viii. 657 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1898, 482. Tridentea paniculata, Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 850; Sweet, Hort.

Brit. ed. i, 277 ; G. Don, Gen, Syst. iv. 118.

Sourn Arrica: Karoo, Masson; cultivated specimens in Herb. Haworth (at

Oxford)! Var. 8: cultivated specimen in Herb. Berlin!

Haworth’s Herbarium contains 3 specimens, dated 1829, 1830 and 1832; on two

of the corolla-lobes of the specimen dated 1830 the transverse markings,

although faint, are very clearly visible under‘a lens, on the other flowers I cannot

trace them. The specimen dated 1832 is labelled ‘‘S. paniculata, Jacq. Ie. A. D.

Bevan ‘letter J, concinna.’” The other two specimens were also from Mr. Bevan,

and all are probably from plants or possibly one plant long before introduced

by Masson. Jacquin received S. paniculata from Prince Salm-Dyck, who may

have obtained it from England. 8. concinna has long ago disappeared from

cultivation and no other collector has refound it.

39. 8. flavopurpurea (Marloth in Trans. S. Afr. Phil. Soe.

xviii, 48, t. 5, fig. 1); stems lax, decumbent at the base,

3-4 in. high, }-} in. square, with flattish sides, glabrous to

the eye, but very minutely puberulous under a lens ; rudimentary

leaves very minute, erect, about 4 lin. long, deltoid, acute;

flowers 1-2 together at the lower part of the stems ; pedicels 3-1}

in. long, } lin. thick, and together with the calyx minutely

puberulous like the stems; sepals 14-2 lin. long, lanceolate, acute ;

corolla about 14 in. in diam., very deeply lobed, the united part

forming a very small funnel-shaped tube about 2 lin. deep and 3-3

lin. broad, whitish, covered with short erect clavate purple hairs

on the upper part and around its mouth ; lobes horizontally spread-

ing, 3 in. long, about 24 lin. broad when flattened out, linear-

lanceolate, acute, margins much recurved, with an exceedingly

minute puberulence on the back, transversely rugose, with very

prominent ridges and glabrous on the inner surface, not. ciliate,

_ dull yellow; outer corona-lobes nearly erect, 14-1} lin. long,

_ oblong, with the sides much incurved and pressed against the base

970 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Stapelia.

of the inner corona-lobes forming deep nectar-cavities, subtruncate

and somewhat toothed on the top margin on each side of the short

acute apical spreading point, purple, yellowish at the base; inner

corona-lobes 2-horned, white, tinged with purple ; outer horn free

to the base, about 2 lin. long, laterally flattened, linear-subulate,

suberect ; inner horn about 3 lin. long, dorsally flattened, linear-

filiform, connivent at the base, then recurving over the tip of the

outer horn.

Crentrat Recion : Laingsburg Div. ; Tanqua Karoo, Marloth, 4227 !

Described from a living stem and a flower preserved in fluid, aided by

Dr. Marloth’s description.

40. 8. virescens (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1910 B); stems

erect, 24-33 in. high, 5-6 lin. thick, obtusely 4-angled, tuberculate-

toothed, with the teeth tipped with subulate very spreading deciduous

or withering leaves 2—5 lin. long, glabrous, greyish-green, mottled

with dull purplish-brown, flowering below the middle; flowering

axis or cyme ultimately elongating to }—} in. long, erect, stout,

racemosely 6—9-flowered ; pedicels erect, 14-2 in. long, glabrous ;

sepals 14-2 lin. long, lanceolate, acuminate, channelled down the

inner face, glabrous, very sparsely ciliate with minute clavate hairs ;

corolla 1-1} in. (much less in dried specimens) in diam., very deeply

5-lobed, flat, without a distinct tube, smooth and whitish-green,

tinted with purplish on the back, rugose with small densely crowded

conical processes or stout papille and greenish-yellow on the inner

face ; lobes about 5 lin. long and 34-4 lin. broad, ovate, acute, with

reflexed margins, glabrous, not ciliate ; outer corona-lobes variable,

14-14 lin. long, usually trifid with the middle lobe entire or variably

3-5-toothed and much longer than the lateral subulate lobes or

teeth, or sometimes somewhat lanceolate, acute, with a minute tooth

on each side below the middle, channelled down the face, yellow ;

inner corona-lobes 2-horned, yellow; outer horn 3-1 lin. long,

compressed, narrowly deltoid or subulate, ascending-spreading,

straight or slightly recurved; inner horns 1# lin. long, filiform,

connivent at the base, then arching-recurved ; odour “ disgusting”

(Barkly).

CentraL Recron: Philipstown Div. ; near Philipstown, Mrs. Cawood Giddy

Herb, Pillans, 642! Britstown Div. ; near Britstown, Waters! Marloth, 4375 !

Div. ? Karoo, on the road to the Diamond Fields, Dickson (Barkly, 35)! and

without precise locality, Mrs. Barber !

Described from a living plant and flowers preserved in fluid.

41. S. surrecta (N. E. Br.); stems (only 1 branch seen) 2}—3 in.

(or more?) high, 5 lin. (or more?) square, with slightly concave sides

and the teeth on the rounded angles tipped with erect acute rudi- _

mentary leaves 1 lin. long, velvety-puberulous, green; flowers 2-3 —

together, successively developed, along the sides near the top of the

stems; pedicels erect, }—3 in. long, rather slender, }—} lin. thick,

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 971

puberulous ; sepals 14-1} lin. long, lanceolate, acute ; corolla about

1 in. in diam. with the lobes spread out, minutely puberulous on the

outside, glabrous and slightly rugulose on the inner surface, not

ciliate ; tube distinct, about 24 lin. long, cup-shaped ; lobes probably

spreading, 44 lin. long in the only flower seen, 2 lin. broad at the

base, thence tapering to a very acute point, rather prominently

3-nerved on the back ; outer corona-lobes horizontally spreading,

+ lin. long and broad, subquadrate, minutely 3-crenate at the

truncate apex, concave down the face ; inner corona-lobes 2-horned ;

outer horn ascending-spreading, 1 lin. long, wing-like, about 2 lin.

broad at the base, thence tapering to the obtuse apex, entire ; inner

horn 1} lin. long, subterete-subulate, ascending-recurved.

Central Recion : Laingsburg Div. ; Tanqua Karoo, Marloth, 3791!

42. 8. erectiflora (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1889, vi. 650) ;

stems erect, decumbent at the base, 4~7 in. high, 4—5 lin. square,

with concave-channelled sides and small teeth with erect rudimentary

leaves about 4 lin. long, puberulous, dull green, flowering all along

their sides from base to apex, often with several cymes or fascicles

of flowers on the same stem ; cymes with a short peduncle 1-3 lin.

long, 1-4- (rarely more) flowered; pedicels erect, 2-5 in. long,

about 1 lin. thick at the base, slightly tapering upwards, puberulous,

purplish ; sepals 1} lin. long, lanceolate, acute, puberulous ; corolla

in bud, at first globose, ultimately broader than long, rather

depressed, with a short blunt point, when expanded disk-like or

somewhat resembling a Turk’s cap, the lobes rolled back so closely

as to entirely conceal the back of the flower and in this condition

44-5 lin. in diam., purplish-grey, from short dense adpressed

pubescence of white hairs, on a smooth purple-brown ground ; lobes

about 24 lin. long, ovate, acute, without cilia other than the hairs

on the inner surface; outer corona-lobes very spreading, with

upeurved tips, 1? lin. long, } lin. broad, linear, subobtuse, with

2 faint grooves down the face, brownish-red ; inner corona-lobes

2 lin. long, subulate-filiform, quite simple, without a dorsal crest

or horn, recurved-spreading, honey-yellow. N. EH. Br. in Hook.

Ic. Pl. t. 1921 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 480.

Coast Reeion: Clanwilliam Div.; Karoo, 6 miles beyond the Cederberg

Mountains, Bain (Barkly, 80)! Clanwilliam, 500 ft., Schlechter, 8403! and

cultivated specimens !

This is the most profuse-flowering species of the genus known to me, each

flower remains open for from 8 to 14 days and is nearly or quite odourless,

43. S. pedunculata (Masson, Stap. 17, t. 21); stems erect or

decumbent at the base, 2-5 in. (up to 8 in., Barkly) long, 4-8 lin.

thick, somewhat obscurely 4-angled and very slightly or indistinctly

toothed, smooth, glabrous, greyish-green, mottled or tinted with

_ faint purplish-brown where exposed to the sun, slightly glaucous

972 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Stapelia.

when young; flowers 1-2 (and usually 2—5 buds which abort)

together, near the base of the young stems, successively developed ;

pedicels erect, 3-6 in. long, much overtopping the stems, glabrous ;

sepals 24 lin. long, lanceolate-subulate, glabrous; corolla in bud

ovoid, with 5 compressed angles ; when expanded 14-2} in. in diam.,

very deeply lobed, smooth on the back, faintly punctate-rugulose on

the inner face, light olive-brown with a slight golden tinge, or olive-

green or light greenish-yellow, the basal part of the lobes and the

small cup pale greyish-white, dotted with reddish-brown, beautifully

ciliate with vibratile clavate dark purple hairs for about } in. along

the margin near the base of the lobes, otherwise glabrous ; tube

searcely any, the united part very shortly and broadly funnel-shaped

or flattish ; lobes horizontally spreading, with the margins rolled

back so as to touch or overlap, forming a pointed cylinder, 7-1} in.

long, 6-7 lin. broad when flattened out, lanceolate or elliptic-

lanceolate, acute ; outer corona-lobes spreading, comparatively very

small, 1-14 lin. long, linear, usually truncate or emarginate or

minutely 3-toothed at the apex, more rarely acute, channelled down

the face, purple-black ; inner corona-lobes 2-horned, purple-black,

shining ; horns very similar, each terminating in a large knob

covered with sharp angular projections, the inner erect or sub-

connivent at the base, then recurved-spreading, about 2 lin. long,

the outer rather shorter than and recurved-spreading under the

inner horns ; odour very nauseous, resembling stale dried salt-fish,

but only present when the corolla is fully expanded. Willd. Sp. Pl.

i. 1284 ; Bot. Mag. t. 793; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 279 ; Poir. Encyel. vii.

382; R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc.i. 24; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 90 ;

Allg. Teusch. Gart. Mag. 1811, 309, t. 30 (ex Schultes) ; Haw. Syn.

Pl. Suce. 23 ; Jacq. Stap. tt. 60, 61, 62 and 63; Schultes, Syst. Veg.

vi. 46; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 255; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i.

841; Kerner, Hort. tt. 501 and 730; Geel, Sert. Bot. ii.; Reichenb.

Fl. Exot. v. 10, t. 302 ; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 887 ; Decne in DC. Prodr.

viii, 658 ; Loud. Encyel. Pl. 202, fig. 3339 ; N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic.

Pl. under t. 1909 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 482. S. penduli-

Jlora, Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2, ii.631. SS. levis, Decne in DC. Prodr.

vill, 658. Caruncularia pedunculata, Haw. Syn. Pl. Suce. 333 ;

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 122. CO. Simsii, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 2, 358.

C. Massoni, C. Jacquini and C. penduliflora, Sweet, l.c. 359.

Western Recion: Little Namaqualand ; Spectakal, in the vicinity of the

Kamiesberg Range, Barkly, 1! and cultivated specimens! Ookiep, Morris (Barkly,

75)! and cultivated specimens ! also without precise locality, Scully !

The flowers of the remarkable species probably vary considerably, I have had

several plants in cultivation, but no two had flowers quite alike. No specimen

that I have seen had pendulous bright purple flowers like that figured in the

Botanical Magazine at t. 793, and I am inclined to doubt the correctness of the

colouring. The flowers remain open for about 3 days. From observations I

made upon the growth of the very long pedicels I find that the lengthening

_is least at the early and later stages of development, when it varies from aie

__ lines in 12 hours, and greatest at the middle stage when it varies from 3-7 lines

in 12 hours, it varies also from day to day with the temperature.

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 973

44. 8. furcata (N. E. Br.) ; stems unknown ; pedicels #—1 in. long,

stout, glabrous ; sepals 3-4 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,

glabrous ; corolla of dried flowers 13-1} in. in diam., with a small

cup-like cavity containing the corona and the united part apparently

broadly and shortly funnel-shaped; lobes ovate, acute, 4—6 lin.

long and 3-5 lin. broad, probably larger when alive, smooth and

glabrous on the back, rugose and covered with rather stiff very

acute and somewhat spine-like erect hairs 4-4 lin. long on the inner

face, ciliate on the lobes with long vibratile clavate purple hairs,

apparently dark purple-brown, with the hairs probably purple ;

outer corona-lobes shortly connate at the base, spreading or

ascending-spreading, about 11 lin. long and as much in breadth,

3-toothed, with the lateral teeth widely spreading and smaller than

the middle tooth ; inner corona-lobes 14-1} lin. long, closely incum-

bent upon the backs of the anthers and shortly exceeding them,

linear, deeply bifid at the apex, with one tooth directed forwards

and the other to one side of it, dorsally connected with the outer

corona at the base and there deeply notched or produced into

2 short teeth between the outer corona-lobes.

Kabanari REGION: Transvaal, Todd !

This very remarkable species is evidently allied to S. Woodii, N. E. Br., but at

the same time resembles Caralluma intermedia, N. E. Br., in its coronal structure.

The short spine-like hairs on the corolla distinguish it from every known species.

45. 8. longidens (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1895, xviii. 324, and

1898, xxiv. 7, fig. 3); stems erect or ascending from a decumbent

base, 23-6 in. long, 4-5 lin. thick excluding the teeth, obtusely

4-angled, with long stout teeth $1 in. long and about 4 in. thick

at the base, teretely tapering to a fine soft point, glabrous, green,

mottled with purple ; flowers 3 to several together at the base of

the stems, successively developed ; pedicels ? in. long, 1 lin. thick,

becoming up to 1} in. long and } in. thick in fruit, glabrous ; sepals

4 lin, long, 1} lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate ; corolla 13-2 in. in

diam., deeply lobed, quite glabrous and not ciliate on the lobes nor _

rugose on the pale greenish-yellow inner surface, spotted all over

with dark purple-brown (cream-colour, spotted with crimson, Mrs.

Monteiro), spots very small within the tube, increasing in size and

more or less confluent towards the tips of the lobes ; tube campanu-

late or cup-like, 2} lin. deep, with the bottom raised up to form a

convex cushion supporting the corona ; lobes 7-10 lin. long, 41-6

lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute, flat ; outer corona-lobes detlexed

upon the basal cushion of the corolla, about } lin. long and broad,

quadrate, emarginate, purple-brown with yellowish margins ; inner

corona-lobes simple, closely incumbent upon the backs of the anthers,

shortly exceeding them and meeting or crossing but not erect or very

slightly. so at the tips, lanceolate, acute, scarcely or but slightly

_ gibbous behind, dull yellowish dusted with purple-brown ; follicles

974 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). | Stapelia.

erect, slightly diverging, about 7 in. long, } in. thick, terete-

fusiform, gradually tapering into a beak, glabrous, pale brownish-

white, streaked with purple; seeds 5 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, ovate or

elliptic-ovate, flat, with broad wing-like margins, pale brown.

N. EH. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1908, xliv. 196, fig. 85.

Eastern Reaion : Delagoa Bay, Mrs. Monteiro! and cultivated specimens !

Described from a living plant. The stem-teeth are much longer in this species

than in any other known to me, and give the plant a very distinct appearance.

The follicle and seeds described were produced upon a cultivated plant, and may

not accord with those of the wild plant, as they may possibly have been fertilised

with the pollen of some other species.

46. 8. Woodii (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1892, xi. 554) ; stems

erect from a shortly decumbent base, 14—3 in. long, 3-5 lin. thick

excluding the teeth, obtusely 4-angled, with ascending-spreading

stout conical-subulate very acute teeth 1—} in. long, glabrous, green,

striped and mottled with purple ; flowers 3 or more together near

the base of the young stems, successively developed ; pedicels 1-1}

in. long, glabrous ; sepals 2-2} lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,

glabrous ; corolla 14-13 in. in diam., flattish, with a convex disk

supporting the corona raised above the level of the horizontally

spreading or slightly deflexed lobes, glabrous on both sides, very

rugose with small transverse wrinkles on the inner surface, ciliate

along the middle part only of the lobes with long vibratile clavate

dark purple hairs, chocolate or dull purple-brown, with a few dull

yellow dots on the lobes, which are 5-6 lin. long, 4-5 lin. broad,

ovate, acute or shortly acuminate, convex, with recurving margins ;

outer corona-lobes horizontally spreading, about $ lin. long and nearly

as broad, rectangular or subquadrate, slightly notched or subdenticu-

late at the apex, grooved down the face, dark purple-brown ; inner

corona-lobes simple, with the basal part horizontally incumbent

on the backs of the anthers, flattish, ovate-oblong or elliptic-oblong,

tapering into an erect subulate point about 4 lin. long, entire or

with a minute tooth on each side at the base of the point, and

slightly produced behind into a minute ascending entire or bifid

tubercle, purple-brown.

Eastern Reaion: Natal ; Noods Berg, Wood, 4119!

Described from a living plant sent to Kew from Durban Botanic Garden ‘by

J. Medley Wood, which flowered in September, 1891.

47. 8. Cooperi (N. E. Br.) ; stems erect or ascending, 14-2 in.

high, 4—5 lin. thick excluding the teeth; angles obtuse, with

spreading conical very acute teeth 24-3 lin. long, having a minute

tooth on each side at their middle, glabrous, green or greyish-green

with chocolate-coloured or dark green spots and lines; flowers

gradually developed 1-3 at a time up to 10 or more from a sessile

_ eyme or cluster at the base of the stems ; pedicels 3-6 lin. long,

glabrous ; sepals 2-2} lin, long, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, _

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 975

or recurving lobes and an annulus on the disk, glabrous, smooth

and “olive colour with dashes or longitudinal streaks of purple ”

(Pillans) on the back, rugose on the inner surface with minute

crowded tubercles and short transverse ridges on the lobes and

crowded minute tubercles on the annulus or lower part of it, ciliate

on the basal half of the lobes with vibratile clavate purple hairs,

otherwise glabrous, “light purple, with all the rugosities coloured

yellow ” (Pillans), ‘‘ dull yellow, with fine purple-brown lines” and

the annulus “ purplish-pink ” (Marloth) ; lobes 5-7 lin. long, 44-5 lin.

broad, ovate, acute, somewhat convex from the slightly reeurving mavr-

gins ; annulus 4—44 lin. in diam., pentagonal, solid, cushion-like, with

sloping sides and a central depression containing the corona, outer

corona resting upon the cup of the annulus, somewhat saucer-like

and -subequally 10-toothed or with 5 short bifid or emarginate

lobes } lin. long and ? lin. broad, with obtuse or subacute deltoid

teeth having a broadly triangular notch between them, “rich

purple” (Pillans), “deep maroon” (Marloth), inner corona-lobes

1-1} lin. long, with their basal part ascendingly incumbent on the

backs of the anthers and dorsally connected to the outer corona by

a stout basal projection, broadly ovate, oblong or ovate-oblong,

entire or with 1-2 teeth on each side, apical part filiform or

subulate, connivent-erect or with recurving and sometimes slightly

clavate tips, pale yellow, minutely speckled with purple ; follicles

slightly diverging, about 34 in. long and } in. thick, fusiform, acute,

glabrous, smooth, densely streaked with dark purple-brown on a

pale ground colour ; seeds not seen.

Coast Recon : Van Rhynsdorp Div. ; near Van Rhynsdorp, Marloth, 4584!

Centra Recon : Cradock Div. ; near Cradock, Cooper, 3118 partly ! Middel-

burg Div. ; among bushes on level ground 2 miles east of Conway Station, Pillans,

181! Prieska Div. ; near Prieska, Frank (ex Pillans).

Kaxanart Reaion; Griqualand West ; near Douglas, Pillans, 612 !

A specimen collected upon Umbumbula Mountain, near Queenstown, in

Queenstown Div. (Galpin, 6942) probably belonys to this species, but the corona

of the only flower seen is so much crushed that I cannot with certainty identify it.

This remarkable plant does not quite agree with Stapelia or any other genus in

structure, but I do not know where else to place it. The corona seems to be a

combination of that of Caralluma and Piaranthus, whilst the corolla resembles

somewhat that of Stapelia Woodii and its allies with an annulus added, but the

difference is scarcely sufficient for generic distinction.

48. §. jucunda (N. E. Br.); stems compactly erect, 2-3 in.

high, 4-7 lin. square, obtusely 4-angled, with spreading stoutly

subulate acute deciduous teeth 4-3 lin. long, leaving rather large

and slightly prominent whitish tubercle-like scars, glabrous, green

or greyish-green, spotted and mottled with purple, rather soft in

substance ; flowers 1-3 together at the middle or upper part of the

stems, successively’ developed ; pedicels }~1 in. long, glabrous ;

‘Sepals 1-1? lin. long, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate,

glabrous ; corolla nearly flat, with the centre depressed, lobed to

in. in diam., glabrous on both surfaces, 3

976 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). | Stapelia.

ciliate from near the base nearly to the tips of the lobes with long

vibratile clavate purple hairs, smooth and light green on the back

dotted and spotted with purple-brown; inner surface slightly

rugulose, cream-colour, spotted all over and edged on the lobes with

purple-brown, the spots around the corona not smaller than

the rest ; lobes 3-34 lin. long and as much in breadth, broadly ovate

or deltoid-ovate, acute ; outer corona-lobes erectly spreading, 14-1?

lin. long, $-} lin. broad at the base, thence gradually tapering to

the minutely notched or acute apex, concave down the face, dark

purple-brown ; inner corona-lobes about 3 times as long as the

anthers, 1} lin. long, subulate-filiform, acute, connivent-erect,

usually more or less spreading at the tips, and with a short dorsal

gibbosity at their base, marked with cream-colour and purple and

tipped with white.

Var. 8, deficiens (N. E. Br.); corolla greenish-primrose, with very numerous

rather minute purple-brown dots, those around the corona rather smaller than the

rest ; disk very broadly and shallowly funnel-shaped ; lobes ciliate from near the

base to about the middle with subclavate purple hairs about ¥ lin. long ; outer

corona-lobes 3-1 lin. long, entire, acute ; inner corona-lobes without a small

dorsal gibbosity at their base, otherwise as in the type.

CentraL Region : Var. 8: Victoria West Diy. ; Biesjes Poort, Pillans, 675 !

Katanart Reoion: Griqualand West; near Douglas, Pillans, 644!

Mrs. Barber |

49. S. parvipuncta (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1923) ; stems

erect, somewhat crowded, 2-5 in. long, }—2 in. square, obtusely

4-angled, grooved down the sides, very shortly toothed on the angles,

the teeth tipped with rudimentary subulate leaves } lin. long,

glabrous, dull green ; flowers several together, successively developed

on a stout gradually elongating peduncle near the base or middle

of the young stems; pedicels }+2 in. long, glabrous, spreading or

directed downwards ; sepals 1-2} lin, long, ovate or lanceolate,

acute or acuminate, glabrous ; corolla in bud flat, pentagonal, with

very short points at the angles; when expanded 1-1} in. in

diam., lobed to half-way down, flat, without a distinct tube, quite

glabrous on both sides, but ciliate along 2 of the length of the lobes

with long vibratile clavate purple hairs, smooth and pale green

thickly spotted with purple-brown on the back; inner surface

slightly rugulose, varying from very pale sulphur-white to pale

greenish-yellow, everywhere covered with minute dust-like dots of

purple-brown or those on the lobes much larger than those on

the disk, sometimes the lobes are narrowly margined with purple-

brown ; lobes 34—5 lin. long and as much in breadth, broadly ovate

or deltoid-ovate, acute, flat, recurving ; outer corona-lobes 1-1} lin.

long, deeply bifid, with the rectangular basal part ascending-spreading

and the subulate teeth recurving and diverging, dark purple-brown,

shining ; inner corona-lobes simple, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute -

_ or acuminate, horizontally incumbent on the backs of the anthers,

Stapelia.] ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 977

crossing one another but not erect, not gibbous behind, purple-

brown. SS. parvipunctata, K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzen-

fam. iv. ii. 278 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 482.

CENTRAL Recion: Laingsburg Div. ; Zout Kloof Farm, near Laingsburg,

Pillans, 41! Matjesfontein, ex Pillans. Beaufort West or Frazerburg Div. ;

Nieuwveld Mountains, Bain ! and cultivated specimens !

Described from a living plant, sent by Sir Henry Barkly in 1877.

50. 8. fucosa (N. E. Br.) ; stems erect, 13-2 in. long, 34-44 lin.

square, excluding the }—1} lin.-long conical acute spreading teeth,

very obtusely 4-angled, with flattish sides, glabrous, dull green,

mottled with darker green or purple-brown, probably flowering near

the base ; pedicels 5-6 lin, long, glabrous ; sepals 1?-2 lin. long,

ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, glabrous ; corolla about 1} in.

in diam., quite glabrous and not ciliate, smooth on the back, densely

rugulose on the inner face; disk nearly flat or very shallowly

saucer-shaped, having a solid pentagonal annulus 4—43 lin. in diam.

and about } lin. high around the corona ; lobes spreading, 44-5 lin.

long and as much in breadth, like an equilateral triangle in form,

acute ; pale greenish-yellow or sulphur-yellow, covered with numerous

rounded blackish-purple spots about + lin. in diam., which are

densely crowded and confluent on the annulus so that it is almost

entirely blackish-purple and narrowly margined with the same

colour on the lobes ; outer corona-lobes very spreading, about 2 lin.

long and broad, subquadrate, bifid to half-way down, with parallel

teeth, blackish, shining; inner corona-lobes about % lin. long,

closely incumbent upon the backs of and not exceeding the anthers,

ovate, acute or obtuse, not gibbous on the back at the shoulder,

whitish or yellow on the disk, with the margins and base blackish.

Eastern Region: Pondoland ; upper western slope of the mountain (Tonti

Mountain ?) half a mile south-east of Mount Ayliff settlement, only a few plants

seen, Pillans, 173 !

Described from living stems and flowers preserved in fluid.

51. 8. miscella (N. E. Br.) ; stems often several inches long,

creeping underground and producing at intervals erect branching

stems 14-24 in. high, 2-4 lin. thick, obtusely 4-angled, with

spreading acute teeth 4-3 lin. long, glabrous, dull green suffused

with purple; flowers apparently solitary near the middle or

base of the young branches 3 pedicels 2-2} lin. (lengthening in

fruit to 6 lin.) long, glabrous ; sepals 1-1} lin. long, } lin. broad,

ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous; corolla 4 in. in

diam., rotate, without any tube, but with a raised cushion-like ring

on the disk around the corona about 3} lin. high, quite glabrous and

not ciliate, dark purple-brown, somewhat lighter at the centre ;

lobes spreading, 24 lin. long and nearly 14 lin. broad, ovate-lanceo-

late, acuminate or very acute, faintly rugulose on the inner face ;

outer corona-lobes horizontally radiating, } lin. long, } lin. broad,

ss VOL. 1V.—SECT.1.—PART VI. ee :

978 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Stapelia.

transversely rectangular, slightly notched at the apex, very dark

purple-brown or almost blackish ; inner corona-lobes scarcely } lin.

long, lanceolate, subobtuse, erect, with their tips slightly incurved

upon the backs of the anthers but much shorter, coloured like

the outer corona-lobes; follicles erect, slightly diverging, 1} in.

long, about 2 lin. thick, terete-fusiform, acutely beaked, smooth,

glabrous, mottled with olive-green or purplish on a pale ground ;

seeds 2} lin. long, 11 lin. broad, ovate, nearly flat, broadly

margined, smooth, light ochreous-brown, with a tuft of hairs

4 in. long.

CENTRAL REGION: Jansenville Div. ; near Klipplaat, Pillans, 657 !

This plant is of very ambiguous affinity, and is almost certainly of hybrid

origin between a Duvalia and some other genus, possibly a Caralluma. The

creeping underground habit of its stems is like that of some species of

Duvalia and Pectinaria, whilst the outer corona resembles that of Stapelia

verrucosa, on which account and the presence of the ring on the disk of the

corolla I place it under this genus.

{52. 8. Bayfieldii (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1877, vii. 430-431,

fig. 66); stems erect, branching at the base, 6-8 in. high, 7-9 lin.

square, with concave sides and stout ascending or spreading conical

teeth 1-1} lin. long, puberulous ; flowers 3-5 together, successively

developed from a 13-2 lin.-long peduncle near the base of the

young stems; pedicels 8-10 lin. long, puberulous; sepals 3} lin.

long, lanceolate, acute, puberulous ; corolla 23-23 in. in diam. with

the lobes spread out, puberulous and green tinged with purplish on

the back, inner surface smooth or nearly so, with a few short

scattered hairs in the slight depression around the corona, otherwise

glabrous, ciliate with rather short simple pale purple hairs on the

lobes, purple-red, darker towards the tips of the lobes, with the

disk and basal half of the lobes marked with rather crowded wavy

_ pale yellow transverse lines; disk flattish, slightly depressed at the

centre ; lobes 1-11 in. long, 9-10 lin. broad, ovate, acute or shortly

acuminate, strongly recurved or revolute so as to nearly or quite

touch the pedicel; outer corona-lobes erectly spreading, with the

apex slightly recurved, 2 lin. long, linear, abruptly or truncately

contracted into a slender tooth at the apex, slightly concave-

channelled at the upper part, dull brownish-red or dark purple-

brown, mottled with dirty yellowish on the margins ; inner corona-

lobes 2-horned, dark purple-brown, minutely mottled with dirty

yellowish ; inner horn 2}—3 lin. long, subulate, erect, with the apex

very slightly recurving; outer horn about 1 lin. long, deltoid-

subulate, free to the base. N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1908, xliv.

169 & 168, fig. 68.

Oricin : From what I have learnt since publishing this species, I believe it to

be of garden origin, raised from seed produced by S. mutabilis, doubtless from cross- —

fertilisation by insect agency with some other species, I have only seen cultivated

specimens, The stems are very much like those of S. mutabilis, Jacq., but

Stapelia.} ASCLEPIADE (Brown), 979

[53. 8. bella (A. Berger in Gard. Chron. 1902, xxxi. 137-138,

fig. 40-41); stems erect, branching at or above the base, 5-7 in.

high, 3-2 in. square, with concave sides and slightly compressed

angles, having small spreading acute teeth 2-¢ lin. long, with a

minute tooth (rudimentary stipule) on each side, covered with

stems ; pedicels 1—3 in, long, 1 lin. thick ; sepals 2-2? lin. long,

expanded and the lobes extended 1}-2 in. in diam., glabrous on

both sides, with the inner face deep purplish-red, browner towards

the tips of the lobes, paler at the centre and the small tube whitish,

without markings, ciliate on the lobes with long flattened tapering

purple hairs mingled with a few clavate, vibratile, easily detached ;

tube represented by a pentagonal depression or cavity about 1 lin.

deep and 2 lin. in diam., from which the corona is exserted, with

some short hairs within ; disk slightly convex, nearly smooth ; lobes

recurved or revolute, flattish, 7-8 lin. long, 6-7 lin. broad, ovate,

acute, slightly rugose on the inner face 3 outer corona-lobes 12 lin.

long, 3-1 lin. broad, oblong, with or without a tooth or angle on

each side, thence narrowed to an obtuse or obscurely 3-toothed

apex, slightly concave down the face, glabrous, blackish-brown ;

inner corona-lobes dull brownish-purple, with the dorsal wing free

to the base, spreading, scarcely 1 lin. long, deltoid, obtuse or

acute ; inner horn 2-21 lin, long, filiform, connivent with the others

at the base, then arching-recurved over the outer horn. _N. E. Br.

in Gard. Chron. 1908, xliv. 169 & 168, fig. 66-67.

ORIGIN : a hybrid, raised in Europe, cultivated specimen ! ;

Described from a living plant cultivated at La Mortola by the late Sir Thomas

Hanbury, who received it under the name of S. glauca, Jacq. I believe it to

have been raised from seed of that species, which had been cross-fertilised by

insects, possibly with pollen of S. deflexa, Jacq.]

980 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Stapelia.

bottom of the tube, and with or without a minute ciliation on the

lobes, dark purple-brown with or without faint yellowish transverse

lines on the base of the lobes and rim of the tube, the bottom of the

tube whitish, spotted with purple-brown; tube 3-4 lin. long and

obtusely 5-angled outside and about 6 lin. in diam. at the acutely

5-angled mouth inside, broadly cup-like ; lobes 5-8 lin. long, 5—6 lin.

broad, deltoid-ovate, acute, closely reflexed upon the back of the

tube; outer corona-lobes 14-2 lin. long, about 14 lin. broad,

rhomboid with side angles or subquadrate, variably bifid, with or

without a minute tooth in the notch or subtruncate and very

minutely 3-toothed at the apex, purple-brown, mottled with ochreous

or pale yellowish, or the central area and margins of that colour

‘dotted with purple-brown ; inner corona-lobes 2-horned, yellowish,

dotted with purple-brown ; outer horns erectly spreading, 2—24 lin.

long, laterally compressed, linear, slightly clavate at the obtuse

apex; inner horns connivent-erect at the base, then arching back

nearly as far as the spread of the outer horns, 23-4 lin. long,

filiform, more or less clavate and obtuse or acute at the apex ;

follicles 34-4} in. long, 4-5 lin. thick, terete-fusiform, tapering

into a short slightly hooked beak, smooth, puberulous, streaked

with dark green or dull purple-brown on a pale-coloured ground ;

seeds 2} lin. long, ? lin. broad, narrowly lanceolate from the

thickened margins being closely incurved on one face, smooth, light

brown. Berger in Monatsschr. Kakt. xvi. 176.

Sours Arrica : without locality, Burke ! \

Centra Reaion : Laingsburg Div. ; Zout Kloof Farm, north-west of Laings-

burg, Pillans, 60! two miles south-west of Laingsburg, Pillans, 679! Beaufort

West Div. ; Rhenoster Kop, Foster in Herb. Pillans, 145! Prince Albert Div. ;

near Prince Albert, Marloth, 4582 !

Described from living stems and flowers preserved in fluid. Dr. Schlechter

described and figured this species from a plant cultivated in the Botanic Garden

at Berlin, which he states was probably introduced by Dr. Stuhlmann from East

Tropical Africa, but this locality is almost certainly an error.

55. S. revoluta (Masson, Stap. 12, t. 10); stems }-1} ft. high,

sometimes longer under cultivation, sparingly branched, acutely

4-angled, with slightly concave sides and acute spreading teeth

1-14 lin. jong on the angles, glabrous, glaucous-green ; flowers 1-3

together, from the sides of the upper part of the stems, successively

developed ; pedicels 3-5 lin. long, glabrous ; sepals 24-4 lin. long,

lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ; corolla with the lobes very much

recurved (sometimes so as to touch the back of the flower) and

then 1}-1} in. in diam., glabrous and smooth on both surfaces,

pale purple, dull purple or purple-brown, paler on the disk, with

the central depression or a star-shaped central area pale greenish-

yellow or cream-colour, ciliate to the tips of the lobes with long

vibratile clavate purple hairs ; disk with a short tube-like depression —

_ about 4 in. in diam., enclosing the corona, not raised into a ring

Stapelia.| ~ ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 981

ovate, acute or shortly acuminate ; outer corona-lobes 1}-1} lin.

long, 1-14 lin. broad, subrectangular, slightly narrowing at the

3-toothed apex, purple-brown with a yellowish base ; inner corona-

lobes 2-horned, purple-brown at the base, dull yellowish dusted

with dull purple-brown on the upper part ; outer horns spreading,

7-1} lin. long, laterally flattened, slenderly linear, obtuse; inner

horns connivent-erect at the base, recurving above, 2-3 lin. long,

filiform, clavate and very minutely tuberculate at the apex ;

follicles subparallel, 5-6 in. long, about 5 lin. thick, fusiform,

tapering into an acute slightly hooked beak, smooth, glabrous,

glaucous? ; seeds about 34 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, flattish, ovate,

with a thickened margin, smooth, brown. Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1277;

Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 278 ; Poir. Encycl. vii. 378, and in Dict. Sc. Nat.

1.389; BR. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 24; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii.

85 ; Hornem. Hort. Hafn. i. 247 ; Jacq. Stap. t. 45 ; Schultes, Syst.

Veg. vi. 34; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 256; Spreng. Syst.

Veg. i. 840 (eacl. syn.) ; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 886; Decne in DC.

Prodr. viii. 657. N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1904, xxxvi. 206;

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 483. S. glauca, J. Donn, Hort.

Cantab. ed. 3, 42 ; Jacq. Stap. t. 44; Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol.

279; Poir. Eneycl. Suppl. v. 231; Hornem. Hort. Hafn. i. 247;

Kerner, Hort. Semp. t. 487 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 34; Link, Enum.

Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 256 ; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 840 (eacl. syn.) ; Dietr.

Syn. Pl. ii. 886; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 657. 8. protensa,

Hornem. Hort. Hafn. Suppl. 30. Tromotriche revoluta, Haw., and T.

glauca, Haw. Syn. Pl. Suce. 36, 37, and Suppl. 11; G. Don, Gen.

Syst. iv. 119.

Var. 8, tigridia (N. E. Br.) ; corolla with a pale nish-yellow central star

and the dls nit it and tie very base of ak ieee aceon with yellow dots

and short transverse lines, otherwise as in the type. 5S. tigridia, Decne in DC.

Prodr. viii. 657. 8S. revoluta, Curtis, Bot. Mag. t. 724.

Var. ¥, fuscata(N. E. Br.) ; corolla entirely reddish-brown on the inner face,

without markings ; lobes 1 in. long ; outer corona-lobes ascending with spreading

tips, oblong, twice as long as broad, 3-toothed at the apex, purple-brown ; horns

of the inner corona-lobes filiform, more slender and longer than in the type, pale

reddish-yellow dotted with purple-brown ; inner horn about 8 lin. long and twice

as long as the outer horn ; otherwise as in the type. S. fuscata, Jacq. Stap. t. 46 ;

Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 657 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 480. Zromotriche

glauca, var. B, Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 37.

Coast Rzaron : Clanwilliam Div. ; Karoo beyond North Olifants River, Masson,

south-western slopes of the ridge a mile south-east of Clanwilliam, Pillans, 158!

and cultivated specimens !

Described from living plants. Haworth’s type of T'romotriche fuscata, Haw.

Suppl. Pl. Succ. 10, and G@. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 119, is a colour-variety of

S. revoluta, as the inner corona-lobes have the stout horns of that form.

[56. 8. mutabilis (Jacq. Stap. tt. 29, 30); stems 3-18 in. high,

4—} in. square, acutely 4-angled, with slightly concave or flattish

sides and rather stout conical spreading teeth about 3 lin. long,

glabrous, green, sometimes tinged with purple, slightly glaucous ;

~3 together, from near the base of the younger or higher

982 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [Stapelia.

up on the older stems, successively developed ; pedicels }—1} in.

long, glabrous ; sepals 23-4} lin, long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,

glabrous ; corolla with the lobes very much recurved and then about

1} in. in diam., glabrous on both surfaces, ciliate nearly or quite to

the tips of the lobes with vibratile clavate purple hairs about

# lin. long, with the disk raised into an erect solid pentagonal

annulus 14-2 lin. high around and forming a short tube containing

the corona, but flat on the back beneath it ; lobes 7—11 lin. long,

7-10 lin. broad, broadly ovate, acute or shortly acuminate ; back

smooth, pale green tinged with purplish on the nerves and tips of

the lobes ; inner face slightly rugose to nearly smooth, with the

apical third of the lobes light or dark purple-brown and the

remainder pale yellowish or greenish-yellow, covered with trans-

versely elongated spots or thick or narrow (and then crowded)

irregular transverse purple-brown lines, becoming fainter on the

annulus ; outer corona-lobes 14-1} lin. long, ?—1 lin. broad, rect-

angular or subquadrate, very variable in toothing, bifid, with

parallel teeth, or with a small tooth in the notch and the outer

edges of the lateral teeth tapering to the apex, or equally 3-toothed,

or with 3 minute teeth projecting from the middle of the truncately

contracted apex, pale yellowish, speckled with purple-brown and

often with a broad central stripe of the same colour ; inner cofona-

lobes 2-horned, pale yellowish, thickly dotted with purple-brown ;

outer horns suberect or ascending, 1-14 lin. long, filiform, slightly

clavate at the apex; inner horns 2 lin. long, filiform, connivent-

erect, recurving at the clavate tips; odour not very strong but

disagreeable, sometimes odourless ; follicles subparallel, 7-8 in. long,

about 5 lin. thick, terete-fusiform, tapering into a long hooked beak,

smooth, glabrous. Haw. Rev. Pl. Succ. 204; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i.

838 (excl. syn.) ; Kerner, Hort. Semp. t. 474 ; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 884 ;

Decne in DOC. Prodr. viii. 661 (exel. syn: S. rufa, Masson) ; Todaro,

Hort. Panorm. i. 47, t. 12, fig. 2; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 482.

S. neglecta and S. Passerini, Todaro, S. fuscata, Hort. ex Todaro (not

of Masson) and S. umbilicata, Thuret ex Todaro, l.c.i. 47. Tromotriche

mutabilis and var. variabilis, Sweet, Hort Brit. ed. 2, 358. Orbea

mutabilis, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 1, 276; G. Don in Loud. Hort.

Brit. 96, and Gen. Syst. iv. 121.

Var. 8, discolor (N. E. Br.) ; corolla dark purple-brown, with inconspicuous

yellowish transverse lines on some of the rugosities on the disk and base of the

lobes ; annulus yellowish with irregular purple lines; outer corona-lobes dark

purple-brown, fuscous along the margins, with a median yellowish stripe.

Samra Todaro, Hort. Panorm. i. 49, t. 12, fig. 3; Schlechter in Journ, Bot.

a .

Var. yy, furva (N. E. Br.) ; corolla marked as in the type, but the markings

and apical half of the lobes of an exceedingly dark purple-brown, and the

transverse yellowish lines very narrow ; lobes about 9 lin. long and 8 lin. broad ;

annulus crenulately 5-lobulate ; otherwise as in the type.

Var. 8, Nemesis (Dammann ex Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 39); ahybridform

_ with a large pentagonal annulus 1 in. in diam. and apparently with a recurving

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). ; 983

Var. ¢, bicolor (Dammann ex Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 37); ahybrid form

with stems as in S. variegata and a corolla about 2} in. in diam. ; lobes minutely

ciliate, dark purple-brown, with about 6 longitudinal rows of small yellowish spots ;

annulus circular, brighter purple-brown with a few elongated yellow markings ;

outer corona-lobes oblong-linear, narrowed at the minutely bifid apex, pale yellow,

with a purple-brown spot at the base and dots on the upper half; outer horn of

inner corona-lobes suberect.

Var. ¢, Circe (Dammann ex Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 37); a hybrid form

with stout stems and a corolla resembling those of S. variegata, having a solid and

broadly 5 crenate annulus, not recurved at the margin, lobes not ciliate, pale

yellow, thickly covered with short transverse purple-brown lines and small

transverse spots passing into dots at the apex ; annulus densely covered with dots

or small rounded spots of purple-brown; outer corona-lobes linear-oblong,

minutely 2-3-toothed at the apex, pale yellow, dotted with purple-brown at the

apex and down the middle, with or without a spot at the base ; outer horn of the

- inner corona-lobes erect.

VaR. 7, Megara (Dammann ex Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 39); like var.

Circe, with the spots and transverse lines rather larger.

Var. 6, Thetis (Dammann ex Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 37); a hybrid

form with stems resembling those of S. variegata, and a corolla about 2} in. in

diam. ; lobes minutely ciliate, pale yellow, rather evenly spotted to the tips of

the lobes with purple-brown, more darkly coloured on the disk around the annulus

from the spots being confluent ; annulus with broad crenulations, purple-brown

with a pale yellowish interrupted ring on its erect rim ; outer and inner corona as

in S. variegata, var. bufonia.

Origin: raised from seeds in the Imperial garden at Vienna, numerous

cultivated specimens including Pillans, 87! Vars. B and y, cultivated specimens !

The type and vars. 8 and y described from living plants ; vars. 8, €, ¢ 7 and @

described from Dr. Riist’s drawings. This is almost certainly a hybrid raised

from seeds of S. vevoluta, Masson, cross-fertilised by insect agency, since I had

sent to me in 1877 two forms of it stated to have been raised from seeds of

S. glauca (= S. revoluta). It has never been found wild in South Africa. There

are several forms of it in cultivation, differing slightly in coloration and varying

very much in the lobes of the outer corona, which in some forms rest upon the

_ annulus and in others do not nearly touch it and are very variably toothed at the

apex, The flowers remain expanded from 4-7 days. The varieties are doubtless

only hybrid forms of it.] ‘

(57. 8. trifida (Tod. Hort. Panorm. i. 45, t. 12, fig. 1); habit and

(glabrous) stems as in S. variegata; pedicels 3-1 in. long ; sepals

2-3 lin. long, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, glabrous; corolla

with the lobes extended about 3 in. in diam., flat, with recurving

lobes and an annulus on the disk, smooth and glabrous on the back,

inner surface slightly rugose, glabrous, pale yellow, thickly marked

with purple-brown spots (less numerous on the annulus) and short

thick irregular transverse lines, sometimes to the tips of the lobes

or sometimes with that part entirely dark purple-brown ; annulus

about 10 lin. in diam., subcircular or broadly 5-crenate, 2-24 lin.

high, with the obtuse rim erect ; lobes 10-13 lin. long, 9-11 lin.

broad, ovate, acute or shortly acuminate, flattish, recurved from the

middle, ciliate nearly or quite to the tips with thick or slightly

clavate dark purple-brown hairs }—3 lin. long ; outer corona-lobes

a Z, 2-24 lin, long, 1 lin. broad, oblong or somewhat ovate- _

oblong, 2-3-toothed at the apex, with the lateral teeth parallel or _

984 ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). [ Stapelia.

slightly diverging, longer than the middle tooth when the latter is

present, light yellow, dotted on the apical half with purple brown

and with a central stripe of that colour on the basal half; inner

corona-lobes variable, unequally 2- or 4-horned, even in the same

flower, yellowish, dusted with purple-brown ; outer horns ascending

or spreading, compressed-filiform, not clavate; inner horns about

1? lin. long and scarcely longer than the outer, connivent-erect,

filiform, with slightly clavate recurving tips and with or without a

small tooth or short horn on each side at their base. Schlechter in

Journ. Bot. 1898, 483. S. sanguinea, Pasq. Cat. Ort. Bot. Nap. 1867,

99, name only.

Origin: a hybrid raised in Europe; cultivated specimens (including

Pillans, 69)!

Described from living plants. Todaro states that he received this plant from

the Botanic Garden at Naples under the name of Stapelia sanguinea, so that it is

probably the plant intended by that name in Pasquale’s Catalogue above quoted,

but the specimens I have seen cultivated as S. sanguinea in England have all

been forms of S. variegata.]

[58. S. maculosoides (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1901, xxx. 270) ;

stems erect, about 3 in. high, and 4-5 lin. thick, obtusely 4-angled,

with very slightly concave sides, glabrous; angles very shortly

toothed, with rudimentary deltoid acute ciliate leaves }—3 lin.

long at the teeth; pedicels 14-1} in. long, 14 lin. thick, glabrous

to the eye, but with an exceedingly minute and very scattered

pubescence ; sepals 2} lin. long, 1 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate,

acuminate, glabrous; corolla about 23 in. in diam., glabrous

outside, 5-lobed to 3 the way down, nearly flat; disk without

an annulus around the shallow central depression, dark violet-

purple, with concentric irregular paler lines and spots, thinly

covered with short purple hairs; lobes 12-13 lin. long, 8-9 lin.

broad, oblong-ovate, acute, slightly rugose, marked with dark violet-

purple transverse lines and spots on a light yellowish ground on the

central part and with dark violet-purple margins and tips, ciliate

with dark purple simple hairs 14-2 lin. long, otherwise glabrous ;

outer corona-lobes 24 lin. long, 3-3 lin. broad, linear, acute,

channelled down the face, blackish-purple or blackish with a faint

paler spot near the apex, glabrous; inner corona-lobes 2-horned,

blackish, faintly speckled with paler colour at the apex of the inner

horn, glabrous; outer horn 1-1} lin. long, somewhat spreading,

laterally flattened, narrowly attenuate-deltoid, acute; inner horn

about 3 lin. long, subulate, strongly recurved just above the base,

neither thickened nor acute at the apex.

ORIGIN UNKNOWN : cultivated specimen !

Described from a living specimen received from Mr. Justus Corderoy in

_ Aug. 1901, The flower of this species much resembles that of S. maculosa, Jacq.,

_ but there is no trace of an annulus on the disk of the corolla and the corona and

forage I believe it to be of hybrid origin raised from seed in

Stapelia.] ASCLEPIADE (Brown), 985

[59. S. maculosa (J. Donn, Hort. Cantab. ed. 3, 43); stems

erect, 3-4 in. high, 5-7 lin. thick excluding the teeth,

obtusely 4-angled, with spreading conical acute teeth 1-2 lin.

long, glabrous, green ; flowers solitary or 2-3 together near the

base or towards the middle of the young stems, successively

developed ; pedicels 14-1} in. long, glabrous ; sepals about } in.

long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ; corolla 3-4 in. in

diam. with the lobes extended, having an annulus on the disk ;

glabrous and smooth on the back, with the nerves and some large more

or less confluent blotches purple-red or suffused with that colour,

slightly rugese on the inner face, with short or minute scattered

pubescence on and around the annulus, otherwise glabrous, but

ciliate to the tips of the lobes with simple purple hairs 14 lin. long,

pale greenish-yellow, tinted with purple-red on the annulus and

disk, thickly covered with transverse spots or short (longer on and

around the annulus) thick irregular lines of purple-brown, very

narrowly margined with and the tips of the lobes almost entirely

dark purple-brown ; disk flat, with a solid pentagonal annulus 8-10

lin. in diam., about 1 lin. high, convex and slightly crenate-undulate

at the top; lobes 1-1} in. long, 3-1 in. broad, ovate, shortly

acuminate ; outer corona-lobes about } in. long, 3-1 lin. broad,

variable in different flowers on the same plant and often in the same

flower, linear or linear-lanceolate, entire and acute, obtuse or sub-

truncate, or bifid or minutely or shortly 3-toothed, pale greenish-

yellow, with a large purple-brown spot at the base, a clear space

above and on each side of it and the upper part variably speckled or

dusted, or the whole dotted almost to the base with purple-brown ;

inner corona-lobes equally 2-horned, pale greenish-yellow, thickly

dotted or dusted with dark purple-brown ; inner horns 2-23 lin.

long, connivent-erect, with recurved tips, filiform, more or less clavate

at the apex ; outer horns 2—2# lin. long, ascending-spreading, laterally

slightly compressed, straight, linear-filiform, obtuse, occasionally bifid.

Jacq. Stap. t.31; Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 283; Curtis, Bot. Mag.

t. 1833; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 36; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i.

256 ; Kerner, Hort. Semp. t. 797 ; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 838 ; Dietr.

Syn. Pl. ii. 884; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 658; Schlechter in Journ.

Bot. 1898, 481. §S. maculata, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. v. 234. S. miata,

J. Donn, Hort. Cantab. ed. 4, 53, not of Masson. Orbea maculosa,

Haworth, Syn. Pl. Succ. 37; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 119.

ORIGIN UNKNOWN : cultivated specimens !

Described from living plants. There is no evidence that 8. maculosa has ever

been found in a wild state ; J. Donn states that it was introduced in 1799, but

gives no description ; Jacquin merely states that he received it from England

under the name of S. maculosa. In ed. 4 of Donn’s Hort. Cantab., 8. maculosa

disappears from the list and S. mixta takes its place, and according to the

testimony of old specimens at Kew it was cultivated as S. mixta, but is not

S. mixta, Masson. From all this, however, I strongly suspect that S. maculosa is

a hybrid raised from seed probably produced by S. mixta, and that Donn having

_ made that discovery, altered the name to S, mixta. In the same manner hybrid

Stapelias are in cultivation at the present period under the name of their seed-

986 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). | Stapelia.

(60. S. tridentata (Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 49, and G. Don, Gen.

Syst. iv. 117, name only); according to the testimony of dried

specimens at Kew and in the Berlin Herbarium, cultivated at Berlin

between 1806 and 1812, this is exactly like S. maculosa in the

size, form and coloration of the corolla, and the corona is the same,

but differs from that in having no hairs upon the disk and annulus

and the lobes are ciliate with clavate hairs } lin. long, the spots on

the lobes are also smaller and more numerous.

ORIGIN UNKNOWN : probably a hybrid raised in Europe, cultivated specimens !]

61. 8. Barklyi (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1909) ; plant 3-4

in. high, branching at the base; stems erect, 34—3 in. square, with

obtuse angles and stout spreading conical teeth 2-3 lin. long,

minutely puberulous ; flowers 1-2 together near the base of the

stems; pedicels stout, 2-4 in. long, glabrous to the eye, but

with a very minute and rather sparse pubescence ; sepals 44 lin.

long ; corolla 5-6 in. in diam. with the lobes extended, rotate, with

a thick solid annulus 1 in. or more in diam. on the disk, glabrous

on the back and on the slightly rugose inner surface of the

lobes, with the annulus and disk around it loosely villous with

Jong soft purple hairs and the lobes ciliate with similar hairs, purple-

brown, marked with numerous transverse pale yellow lines on the

disk and basal 2 of the lobes, with their apical third entirely dark

purple-brown ; lobes 12-2 in. long, about 14 in. broad, ovate,

acute or acuminate; annulus stout, solid, with 5 slight broad

crenations formed by 5 shallow grooves radiating from the centre,

“ buff, with yellowish transverse wrinkles ” (Barkly) ; outer corona-

lobes ascending-spreading, 3}—4 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, linear-oblong,

acuminate, channelled down the face, yellow, dotted or mottled with

purple-brown ; inner corona-lobes 2-horned, purple-brown ; outer

horn 13-2 lin. long, free to the base, ascending, laterally flattened,

subulate or deltoid-subulate, entire or toothed behind or at the apex ;

inner horn 3-3} lin. long, subulate, recurving from about the middle.

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 479.

WesTERN Recion: Little Namaqualand ; near Ookiep, Morris (Barkly, 31)!

Described from a specimen in fluid and a coloured drawing.

62. S. irrorata (Masson, Stap. 12, t. 9); stems erect, decumbent

at the base, 13-3} in. long, }-} in. thick excluding the teeth,

obtusely 4-angled, glabrous, green ; teeth conical, acute, spreading,

2—3 lin. long ; flowers solitary (always?) at the base of the stems ;

pedicels about 1 in. long, glabrous ; sepals ovate, acute, glabrous ;

— corolla about 2} in. in diam., pentagonal and acutely pointed in

_ bud, glabrous and smooth outside, rugose on the glabrous inner

face; disk depressed or saucer-shaped, purplish according to the

_ figure ; annulus none ; lobes spreading, 3-1 in. long, 7-8 lin. broad

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 987

ovate, acuminate, not ciliate, pale yellow spotted and dotted with

blood-red (purple-brown?); corona? Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1291; Pers.

Syn. Pl. i. 280; Poir. Encyel. vii. 388 ; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 94 ;

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 29; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 841; Dietr. Syn. Pl.

ul, 887 ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 655. Podanthes trrorata, Haw.

Syn. Pl. Suce. 33; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 118.

Sours Arrica: without locality, Masson.

This species only appears to differ from S. verrucosa by the corolla being

destitute of an annulus. It has not been refound by any other collector, and no

specimen of it appears to have been preserved.

63. S. verrucosa (Masson, Stap. 11, t. 8); stems erect, decumbent

at the base, 14-3 in. long, 3-5 lin. thick (excluding the teeth),

obtusely 4-angled, with spreading conical acute teeth 14-3 lin. long,

glabrous, green ; flowers 1-3 together near the base of the young

stems, developing successively ; pedicels }-11 in. long, spreading,

glabrous ; sepals 24-5 lin. long, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate,

acuminate, glabrous; corolla in bud conically pointed, with a

depressed-ovate pentagonal basal part, when expanded 13—24 in. in

diam., lobed to more than half-way down, with the united part

saucer or shallowly basin-shaped, 2-3 lin. deep outside, having a

distinct slightly raised pentagonal solid annulus surrounding the

corona, about 4 lin. high, convex at the top, with 5 distinct

channels radiating from the centre to its angles; lobes recurved-

spreading, 8-10 lin. long, 6-8 lin. broad, deltoid-ovate, very acute

or acuminate, not ciliate ; all parts glabrous or with some short

erect hairs at the very base under and concealed by the corona,

smooth outside, very rugose with small papilla-like tubercles or very

short irregular transverse ridges on the inner surface, pale yellow,

covered with small dark blood-red spots, smaller and more crowded

on the annulus, with the area around the corona entirely dark

purple or purple-brown ; outer corona-lobes horizontally or slightly

defiexed-spreading, about 3? lin. long and broad, subquadrate, acutely

bifid, with (always?) a minute tooth at the base of the broadly

rounded notch, dark chocolate, with yellowish margins? inner corona-

lobes about 1 lin. long from the shoulder, subhorizontally incumbent

upon the backs of the anthers and slightly longer than them, but

not or scarcely erect at the tips, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, slightly

gibbous on the back at the base, yellow, with the gibbosity and

probably the margins purple-brown. Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1291, and

Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 284; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 280; Poir. Encycl.

vii. 387, and in Dict. Sc. Nat. 1. 392; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii, 94 ;

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 29; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 256 ;

Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 840, 841; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 887 ; Decne in

DC. Prodr. viii. 655. Podanthes verrucosa, Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 33 ;

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 118. ‘

Var. pulchra (N. E. Br. ); stems : lin. thick excluding the teeth, some-

it #7 all asia tise teenceslie warivg tees purple to dark

988 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Stapelia.

purple-brown ; annulus 4-3 lin. high, purple at the pentagonal bottom of the cup,

without distinct channels radiating from the centre to the angles; outer corona-

lobes obtusely or acutely bifid, without a minute tooth in the rounded notch,

dark chocolate, with or without yellowish margins, shining ; inner corona-lobes

3-1 lin. long from the shoulder, ovate and obtuse to lanceolate and acuminate,

shorter to slightly longer than the anthers, sometimes slightly ascending but not

meeting at the tips, yellow, with the margins and a stripe from the gibbosity

down the back chocolate; follicles 43-5 in. long, 4 in. thick, fusiform,

acuminate, smooth, glabrous, striped with purple-brown ; seeds about 8 lin. long

and 24 lin. broad, ovate, flat, smooth, light brown, with a broad somewhat

inflated ochreous-brown shining margin ; otherwise as in the type. 8S. pulchra,

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 28; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 886; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 656.

S. verrucosa, Jacq. Stap. t. 18; Loud. Encycl, Pl. 200, Jig. 3310; Wien. Jil. Gart.

Zeit. 1894, 234, fig. 31, and (a copy of the same) Rev. Hort. Belg. 1895, xxi.

77, fig. 13 (bad Jigures); N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. under t. 1923 ; Schlechter in

Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 14, and Journ, Bot. 1898, 484 (excl. syn. S. irrorata,

Masson), not of Masson, 8. irrorata, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 127, not of Masson. Podanthes

pulehra, Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 32; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 117.

Var. y, robusta (N. E. Br.); stems very stout, 5-8 lin. thick excluding the

teeth, green, sometimes mottled with dull purplish; flowers as in var. B, with

a purple-brown area at the bottom of the cup formed by the annulus, otherwise as

in the type. S, verrucosa, Curtis, Bot. Mag.t.786. Podanthes pulchra, var. 8, Haw.

Syn. Pl. Suce. 338. P. pulchra, var. major, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 1, 278.

P. pulchra, var. verrucosa, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 118.

Var. 5, punetifera (N. E. Br.); stems 4-5 lin. thick excluding the 2-4 lin.

long teeth, mottled and striped with dull purplish ; corolla very pale or creamy

yellow, marked with very small spots or minute pale purple dots; outer corona

light purple ; otherwise as in var. B.

Var, €, pallescens (N. E. Br.); corolla with a distinct cup or basin-like tube

about 4 lin. deep, measured outside ; lobes much acuminate, very pale yellow,

with small purple-brown or brownish-red dots ; otherwise as in var B.

_ Var. ¢, roriflua (N. E. Br.) ; corolla with a distinct cup or basin-like tube 4-5

lin. deep outside, light yellow or pale greenish-yellow, spotted with larger and

darker (sometimes ‘almost. black,” Pillans) spots than in var. ¢ ; annulus often

(always ?) adnate to the wall of the tube and somewhat resembling a shelf-like

thickening of it around the corona ; otherwise as in var. B. 8S. roriflua, Jacq.

Stap. t. 19; Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 285; Poir. Encycl. Suppl. v. 234 ;

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 30; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 257 ; Spreng. Syst.

Veg. i. 840 (exel. syn.) ; Kerner, Hort, Semp. t. 322; Decne in DC. Prodr, viii. 656.

S. roriflora, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 886, excl. syn. S. rugosa, Wendl, Coll, Pl. ii. 41,

t. 52 (not of Jacq.). 8S. wendlandiana, Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 39; Decne in DC.

Prodr. viii. 659. Podanthes roriftua, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 1, 278; G. Don, Gen.

Syst. iv. 118. Piaranthus rorifluus, Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 664. Orbea

wendlandiana, Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 834 ; Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 1, 277 ; G. Don,

Gen, Syst. iv. 120,

VaR. 7, conspicua (N. E. Br.) ; stems 4-5 lin, thick, excluding the 2-3 lin.-long

teeth, green ; corolla about 1% in. in diam., with the united part saucer- or

shallowly basin-shaped 2-24 lin. deep outside, light yellow, marked with rounded

dark purple-brown spots avout 1 lin. in diam., much larger than in any other

variety ; otherwise as in var. f.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Masson! Var. 8: Pillans, 645! cultivated

specimen! Var. 8: cultivated specimens !

_ Coast Recion: Var. 8: Uniondale Div. ; rocky hill near Haarlem, Burchell, —

_ 5022! Bathurst Div.; Port Alfred, Mrs. Hutton! and in Herb. Pillans, 654! —

_ 656! Albany Div. ; Hell Poort and other places near Grahamstown, MacOwan!

Pillans, 15! 30! omaha one ed et 5 Div.; near Komgha, Flanagan,

696 (ex e south of Waku Station,

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 989

Pillans, 65! Kaffraria, Bowker, 5! Var. 8: Alexandria Div. ; ‘* Bellevue,” Brockle-

bank in Herb, Pillans, 655 !

CentRAL Recion: Var. 8: Somerset Div.; near Somerset East, Bowker !

MacOwan, 2177! Graaf Reinet Div.; near Graaf Reinet, Bolus, 716! Var. y

Somerset Div. ; Glen Avon Estate, 2 miles east of Somerset East, Pillans, 604 !

Var. ¢€: same locality as var. y, Pillans, 56! Var. ¢: same locality as var. y,

Pillans, 152! 189! Var. 7: same locality as var. y, Pillans, 192!

Karanari Kecion: Var. 8: Griqualand West, Arnot (Barkly, 20)! cultivated

specimens from the Diamond Fields, MacOwan, 2256 !

Masson’s type specimen of S. verrucosa is preserved in fluid at the British

Museum and differs from all other specimens I have seen in the 5 very marked

channels radiating to the angles of the annulus, they are represented in Masson’s

figure by 5 black rays; no other collector appears to have foundit. The

commonest form of the species seems to be var. 8 which Jacquin has figured

as S. verrucosa, which varies considerably in the depth of the yellow ground-colour

and the darkness of the spotting.

64. S. pulchella (Masson, Stap. 22, t. 36); stems like those of

S. variegata, 2-4 in. high, erect or decumbent at the base, 4-} in.

thick, obtusely 4-angled, with stout conical acute spreading teeth,

glabrous, green ; flowers usually 3 or more together, successively

developed near the base of the stems ; pedicels 1-11 in. long, glabrous ;

sepals 14-24 lin. long, ovate to lanceolate, acute or acuminate,

glabrous ; corolla 14-2} in. in diam., smooth on the back, minutely

tuberculate-rugulose and glabrous on the inner face, not ciliate,

sulphur-yellow, covered with numerous purple-brown dots and specks,

which are smaller and more crowded upon the annulus, and the lobes

sometimes narrowly edged with purple-brown; disk shallowly

saucer-shaped, with a solid more or less pentagonal annulus 4—7 lin.

in diam., raised 4-3 lin. above the surface, and a pentagonal pale

purplish area margined with brighter purple-red or occasionally

entirely sulphur-yellow at the bottom of its cup; lobes 5-10 lin.

long, 5-8 lin. broad, ovate or deltoid-ovate, very acute or acuminate,

very spreading or recurved; outer corona-lobes 14-14 lin. long,

+ lin. broad, linear or oblong-linear, obtuse, truncate, emarginate or

minutely 3-toothed at the apex, dark purple-brown with a pale

yellowish spot or somewhat A shaped mark below the apex and

sometimes along the margins ; inner corona-lobes unequally 2-horned,

pale yellow spotted with dark purple-brown, or purple-brown with

yellow markings; outer horns ascending, }-} lin. long, conical or

conical-subulate, obtuse ; inner horns ?—1} lin. long, connivent-erect

or with recurving tips, filiform, varying from distinctly clavate to

not at all thickened at the apex. Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1290; Pers. Syn.

Pl. i. 280; Poir. Encyel. vii. 387, and in Dict. Sc. Nat. 1. 394; Ait.

Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 93; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 30; Spreng. Syst.

Veg. i. 838; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 885 ; Decne in DO. Prodr. viii. 655 ;

Loud. Eneyel. Pl. 200, fig. 3312; N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1882,

xviii, 199; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 482, excl. syn.; Berger

in Monatsschr. Kakt. xiv. 127. Podanthes pulchella, Haw. Syn. Pl.

Suce. 33; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 118. Le

990 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Stapelia.

Coast Region : Uitenhage Div. ; near the bank of the Zwartkops River in the

vicinity of Zwartkops Station, Rabjohn! Port Elizabeth Div. ; sand-dunes along

the coast south of Port Elizabeth, Herb. Pillans, 84! Alexandria Div. ; sandflats,

Brocklebank in Herb. Pillans, 136 !

This species by its 2-horned inner corona-lobes and small solid annulus:

completely connects the groups to which S. verrucosa and S. variegata respectively

belong.

[65. 8. cupularis (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1897, xxii. 45); stems:

like those of S. variegata, 3-8 in. long, 4~7 lin. thick ; flowers 1-3

together ; corolla in bud flattened, with a short obtuse point, pent-

agonal, with the sinal angles projecting and slightly recurved ; when

expanded about 2 in. in diam., slightly rugose on the glabrous inner

face, pale lemon-yellow (rather lighter on the annulus), thickly

covered with dark purple-brown spots, which are often confluent.

into irregular lines so that the yellow ground forms labyrinthine lines:

between them; disk saucer-shaped ; annulus about 3 in. in diam.,

4 in. deep, nearly circular, cup-shaped, with an erect acute margin ;

lobes recurved, 8-9 lin. long and about the same in breadth, ovate,

acute, ciliolate with minute clavate hairs ; outer corona-lobes 24 lin.

long, deeply bifid with parallel slightly diverging teeth and a minute

tooth at the base of the notch, pale greenish-yellow, dotted at the

apex and down the middle with dark purple-brown and with a spot

of it at the base; horns of the inner corona-lobes subequal, both

clavate at the apex, pale yellow, dotted with purple-brown, outer

horn slightly spreading.

Ortcin: a hybrid raised in Europe, cultivated specimen !

Described from living plants. This is doubtless a hybrid between S. mutabilis,

Jacq., and some form of S. variegata, Linn, ]

(66. S. angulata (Tod. Hort. Bot. Panorm. i. 54, t. 13, fig. 3);

stems about 24 in. high, like those of 8. variegata, L. ; corolla about

24 in. in diam., purple-brown, marked to the tips of the lobes with

numerous labyrinthine transverse yellowish lines; lobes ovate,

spreading or recurved, minutely ciliate with clavate hairs ; annulus

pentagonal or subcircular, with an erect or scarcely recurved margin,

light yellowish, dotted with purple-brown ; outer corona-lobes more:

or less narrowed and 2-3-toothed at the apex ; inner corona-lobes.

2-horned, pale yellowish, minutely dotted with purple-brown ; horns:

filiform, clavate, subequal or the outer shorter.

OriGIn : a hybrid raised in Europe, cultivated specimen !

Described from a living plant. S. mutabilis, Jacq., is in all probability one of

its parents, The yellowish markings on the corolla are narrower in the specimen

seen than in Todaro’s figure. ] gi

67. S. namaquensis (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1882, xviii. 648, —

_ including var. minor) ; stems procumbent or decumbent, 1}-3} in. —

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 991

long, ? in. thick excluding the teeth, obtusely 4-angled, with very

stout conical acute spreading teeth 24-34 lin. long, glabrous, green,

prettily marked with irregular purple stripes where exposed to the

sun; flowers 1-4 together, successively developed near the base or

middle of the young stems ; pedicels 14-14 in. long, 2 lin. thick,

glabrous, purplish, striped with darker purple-red; sepals about

4 in. long, ovate, acuminate, glabrous; corolla in bud depressed-

pentagonal with a very acuminate point, when expanded 3-4 in, in

diam., flat, with recurving lobes and a large very prominent solid-

looking annulus, having the margin recurved so as to be nearly

circular in transverse section, and the bottom of its cup densely

covered with short erect stiff purple-brown hairs; back smooth and

glabrous; inner surface very rugose with crowded transverse

papillate ridges on the lobes and minutely tuberculate-rugose on the

annulus, pale greenish-yellow, everywhere covered with dark purple-

brown thick transverse lines or rounded or transverse or confluent

spots or labyrinthine markings, those on the annulus as large as or

smaller than those on the lobes; lobes 1-1} in. long, {—1 in. broad

at the base, broadly ovate, shortly or long-acuminate, not ciliate ;

outer corona-lobes ascending, 3$—4 lin. long, linear or linear-lanceo-

late, entire, acute, yellow, dotted with purple-brown ; inner corona-

lobes connivent-erect, with recurved tips, simple, 2-24 lin. long,

filiform, clavate at the apex, slightly gibbous at the base, but

without an outer horn; follicles subparallel, 5-6 in. long, } in.

thick, fusiform, acuminate, glabrous; seeds not seen. N. H. Br. in

Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1908 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 482.

Var. 8, ciliolata (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1882, xviii. 648); corolla shortly

or minutely ciliate with simple or subclavate white or white and dark purple

hairs mixed, spotting variable; outer corona-lobes entire, acute ; otherwise as in

the type. N. #. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1908, fig. B. 8. ciliolata, Riist in

Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 48, not of Todaro.

Var, y, bidens (N. E. Br.); corolla-lobes minutely or shortly ciliate with

simple white hairs, sometimes almost absent ; outer corona-lobes rather deeply

bifid, with parallel teeth, with or without a minute tooth in the notch ; otherwise

as in the type.

Var. 3, tridentata (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1882, xviii. 648); corolla

shortly or minutely ciliate as in var. 8; spotting variable; outer corona-lobes

minutely and regularly or irregularly 3-toothed, or entire and truncate or very

obtuse at the apex; otherwise as in the type. WN. #. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pi.

t. 1908, fig. C. 8. tridentata, Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 43, not of Schultes,

WesteRN Recion: Little Namaqualand, (all varieties); Komkam, Rich in

Herb. Pillans, 16! and without precise locality, Barkly, 6! 64! 64 bis! Var. B:

Komkam, Rich in Herb. Pillans, 167! and without precise locality, Barkly, 38!

Var, y: without precise locality, Bolus! Ver. 5; Ookiep, Templeman in Herb.

Pillans, 7! and without precise locality (Morris, 7) Barkly! Scully!

This species according to Sir Henry Barkly is common in Namaqualand, and

from the specimens I have seen of it would appear to be as variable in colour,

ciliation and outer corona-lobes as S. variegata, no two gatherings of it which I

have examined being quite identical, Var. 8 is described from living plants sent

era by Sir Henry Barkly in 1874; the flowers remain expanded for

992 ASCLEPIADEE (Brown). [ Stapelia.

68. 8. lepida (Jacq. Stap. t. 43); plant very like S. variegata,

glabrous in all parts, compactly branched ; stems 2-3 in. long, 4-5

lin. thick, glabrous ; flowers 1-2 together near the base of the stems,

successively developed ; pedicels 3-1 in. long ; sepals 2-24 lin. long,

ovate, acute or acuminate ; corolla rather small, about 14 in. in diam.,

with a distinct annulus on the disk ; inner face transversely rugose

on the lobes, granulate-tuberculate on the annulus, glabrous and not

ciliate, sulphur-yellow, covered with rather small irregularly scattered

dark purple-brown spots, without intermingling lines, those on the

paler annulus smaller than those on the lobes, which are about } in.

long, broadly ovate, acute; annulus with a recurved-spreading

acute margin; outer corona-lobes 1} lin. long, #-1 lin. broad,

oblong, emarginate or bifid, sometimes with a minute tooth at the

base of the notch, very pale, greenish or greenish-yellow, with or

without a central suffused and dotted stripe extending to about 3 of

the way up or some dots around the teeth; inner corona-lobes

2-horned, pale yellow or greenish, with or without purple-brown

dots ; inner horn 14-13 lin. long, erect, recurving at the slightly

clavate apex ; outer horn ascending-spreading, half as long as the

inner or shorter, subulate. Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 280;

R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 25; Hornem. Hort. Hafn. i. 248 ; Poir.

Encycl. Suppl. v. 231; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 30; Link, Enum. Pl.

Hort. Berol. i. 256 ; Spreng. Syst. Veg.i. 838 ; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 885 ;

Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 661; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 481.

S. limosa, Salm-Dyck, Hort. Dyck. 266. Podanthes lepida, Haw.

Syn. Pl. Succ. 34. Orbea lepida, Haw. Suppl. Pl. Suce. 13 ; @. Don,

Gen. Syst. iv. 121.

SourH Arrica: raised from seed sent from South Africa by Scholl (ex Jacquin),

cultivated specimens ! :

There are excellent specimens of this species in Haworth’s Herbarium at

Oxford. The stems as represented by Jacquin (as in so many other cases) are

abnormally very much elongated; when grown under proper conditions, a8

evidenced by Haworth’s specimens, they are short, erect and compact.

is closely allied to S. variegata, but its flowers are very much smaller and have @

sae aie appearance, It does not appear to have been refound since Scholl

collected it.

69. 8. variegata (Linn. Sp. Pl. i. 217); plant glabrous in all

parts, freely branching at the base ; stems erect from a decumbent

base, 2-6 in. long, 4-5 lin. (in some varieties and hybrids up to } in.)

square, very obtusely 4-angled, with conical acute spreading teeth,

1 Fe lin. long, often having a minute tooth (stipule) on each side

of the withering point, green, often mottled all over or tinted with

purple at the tips; flowers 1-5 together at the base of the young

stems, developing successively ; pedicels 1-2} in. long, 1-1} lin.

thick ; sepals 24-4 lin. long, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute or

acuminate ; corolla 2--3 in. in diam.; disk with a pentagonal

annulus }-{ in. in diam., having a recurved acute-edged rim ; lobes _ S

gl in. long, }-% in. broad, ovate, acute or shortly acuminate, flat,

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown), 993

radiately spreading or slightly recurved, 5-7-nerved ; back smooth,

green, suffused on the lobes and nerved with purplish ; inner surface

rugose with crowded irregular transverse ridges on the lobes and

with small crowded granule-like tubercles on the annulus, otherwise

glabrous and without a trace of minute ciliation on the lobes, pale

greenish-yellow with dark purple-brown spots arranged in 6-7 longi-

tudinal rows or sometimes irregularly scattered, besides a series along

the margins, intermingled with slender lines of the same colour, but

not producing a dark etfect on the basal part of the lobes, paler yellow

with much smaller spots or dots of purple-brown on the annulus ;

outer corona-lobes ascending-spreading, 2-23 lin. long, linear-oblong,

with parallel sides, minutely and obtusely 3-toothed at the apex,

with the longer teeth not more than 4-4 of the length of the lobe,

pale yellow, dotted or dusted with purple-brown and with a square

spot of the same colour at the base; inner corona-lobes 2-horned,

pale yellow, dotted with purple-brown ; horns filiform, inner about

1} lin. long, connivent-erect with recurved clavate and minutely

tuberculate tips, outer suberect or ascending, straight, slightly

clavate, rather shorter than or about as long as the inner. Linn.

Syst. Nat. ed. 12, ii. 194. 8. normalis, Jacq. Stap. t. 42 ; Schultes,

Syst. Veg. vi. 39; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 256 ; Spreng.

Syst. Veg. i. 838; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 885; Decne in DC. Prodr.

viii. 660. §. woodfordiana, Schultes, Le. 41 > Dank, Ge, 267.

Decne, lc. 661. Orbea normalis, Schultes, l.c. 834 3; G. Don, Gen.

Syst. iv. 120. 0. woodfordiana, Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 42 ; G. Don,

Lew k21,

(The following references may belong here or partly to the varieties noted

below :—S. variegata, Miller, Gard. Dict. ed. 8; Burm. Fl. Cap. Prodr.7 ; Rott.

Bot. Udstrakte Nytte, 62, fig. 10; Poir. Tabl. ii. 325, t. 178, fig. 1; Eneyel. vii.

388, and Dict. Sc. Nat. 1. 391; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i, 309 and ed. 2, ii. 95 ;

Willd. Sp. Pl. 1292, and Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol, 283; Moench, Suppl. Meth.

Pl. 314; Pers, Syn. Pl. i, 280 ; Herb. Gén. Amat. ii. t. 125 ; Drapiez, Herb. Amat. i.

t. 41; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 37; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 256; Spreng.

Syst. Veg. i. 8838; Brongn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. xxiv. 268, 279, t. 14; Schlechter

in Journ, Bot. 1898, 483, partly. Orbea variegata, Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ, 40.—

Fritillaria crassa promontorii bone spei ce., Stapel in Theophrast. Hist. Pl. (1644),

335, with fig. Apocynum humile aizoides &c., Hermann, Hort. Acad. Lugd. Bat.

Cat. 52 and 53, with fig.; Ray, Hist. Pl. (ed. 1688) ii. 1903 ; Pluk. Almagest. Bot.

37, with fig. Asclepias aizoides aphylla &c., Moris. Hist. Pl. iii. 611, § 15, t. 3,

Jig. 4. Crassa Rivini, Rupp. Fl. Jen. ed. 1718, 26-27. Stapelia denticulis

ramorum extrorsum prominentibus, Linn. Hort. Clif. 77. Stapelia denticulis

ramorum patentibus, Royen, Fl. Leyd. Prodr. 409. _ The plant figured as the

‘Small Cape Fritillary,” ‘‘ Apocynum fritillaricum minus,” in Petiver, Opera, i.

(Gazoph. dec. ix.) 10, Cut, no. 450, t. 90, fig. 4, may be intended for some form of

this species.)

Coast Recon: Cape Div. ; Table Mountain or Lion Mountain, Prior! and

cultivated specimens! Variations (enumerated below) according to Mr. Pillans,

994 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Stapelia.

Stapelia variegata is the oldest known member of the tribe Stapeliew and would

appear to have been introduced into cultivation in Holland about 1640, since the

first mention of the plant I can find is in Stapel’s edition of Theophrastus Historia

Plantarum, 1644.

The type specimen of S. variegata in Linneus’ Herbarium consists of a well-

preserved flower of the particular form of this variable species described above,

the inner corona-lobes have been removed from the specimen, but the outer

(which afford one of the chief characteristics of this form) are well preserved. It

is the plant figured by Jacquin as S. normalis, and the same as the type specimen

of Orbea woodfordiana, Haw., in Haworth’s Herbarium at Oxford. On Linneeus’

specimen the spots on the corolla-lobes are arranged in longitudinal rows exactly

as figured by Jacquin. On Haworth’s they are rather indistinct, but seem more

scattered, this variation, however, I have seen on different flowers produced by the

same plant.

In its flowers S. variegata is extremely variable, the stems of the various

forms being very similar and often indistinguishable. The flowers vary in

the shape of the mature (but not young) bud, coloration, ciliation of the lobes,

flatness of the disk, shape of the annulus, form and toothing of the outer corona-

lobes, and length and direction of the outer horn of the inner corona-lobes.

Upon the various combinations of these characters, numerous forms have been

described and cultivated as distinct species. But some of these supposed specific

characters vary in different flowers produced by the same individual, sometimes

in the same, at others in different years. As distinct varieties are often crossed

by insect agency, innumerable variations have thus arisen in their native habitat

and in European gardens. Until recently I had supposed that most of these

different forms were local variations or races, and that only one form grew in the

vicinity of Cape Town, but I am informed by Mr. Pillans that several forms often

grow intermingled within quite a limited area—for example, he states that he

‘gathered 17 different variations of S. variegata on Robben Island in an area of

80 by 100 yards. All these had distinct coronal and colour distinctions. Above

Cape Town [on Table Mountain] there are quite as many, and on the Lion’s

Rump rather fewer, I think.”

For those forms which have been fully described and figured as distinct species

I here give a synoptic key and enumerate their distinctive characters, but many

variations of them merge into one another. Besides these, there are a large number

of forms, distinct from any described, growing wild, which have not received

names, but I refrain from describing these (except in 2 cases), because they are

merely hybrid forms. In the Monatsschrift fir Kakteenkunde, vi. 35-43, Dr. Rist

has published a synoptic key to 58 species and 27 varieties of the group to which

S. variegata belongs. The characters given in the key are unfortunately quite

inadequate for identification and there are no descriptions, but Dr. Rust has

very kindly lent to me his admirable drawings of all the forms he has enumerated.

With the exception of S. Barklyi and S. namaquensis and its two varieties, all

are forms of the different varieties of S. variegata described below or of

S. mutabilis or hybrids between these and other forms, which have been raised

in Europe, most of them in the nursery of Messrs. Dammann & Co. at Naples.

Some are arranged among the varieties here recognised and the remainder 1m

alphabetical order at the end, as I have not seen specimens. All the forms

enumerated in the key have the margin of the annulus very spreading or recurved

except in 72, S. albicans, in which it is only slightly recurved.

Corolla entirely blackish-purple or very dark purple-

brown with a few irregular transverse, winding or

longitudinal yellowish lines and spots producing a

Corolla 13-2 in, in diam, ; inner corona-lobes with the =

outer horn not more than half as long as the inner ( p ) marmorata.

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 995

Corolla 24-3} in. in diam. ; inner corona-lobes with

the outer horn nearly or quite as long as the

inner :

Corolla-lobes ovate ; ground colour blackish-purple... (q ) atropurpurea.

Corolla-lobes deltoid-acuminate ; ground colour dark

purple-brown sie f ‘as digs .. (1) atrata,

Corolla-lobes pale greenish-yellow with crowded trans-

verse thin purple-brown lines (not spots) on the basal

2-3 and dots or small spots on the apical part;

annulus paler with small spots, its rim flattish (see

also var. i, pallida)... oe wis oS ..» Cg) horizontalis.

Corolla 2-33 in. in diam., pale yellow or greenish-yellow,

brighter on the annulus, marked all over with dots or

spots (sometimes confluent or connected by trans-

verse thin lines) or long labyrinthine or short thick

lines of purple-brown :

Inner corona-lobes with the outer horn half or less

than half as long as the inner horn (see also note

under var. bufonia respecting S. orbicularis,

Andr.) ; corolla darkly marked with very confluent

spots ... ape aie ies ws oes --» (1) brevicornis.

Inner corona-lobes with the outer horn from more than

half as long to as long as the inner horn:

Corolla-lobes minutely but distinctly ciliate with

rather thick or clavate fixed (not vibratile)

hairs; spots on the annulus as small as or

smaller than those on the lobes :

Teeth of the outer corona-lobes widely diverging :

Corolla about 2 in. in diam. ; lower 2 of lobes

labyrinthinally marked with thick brownish-

crimson lines broken up into spots towards

the tips ots oe as bes .»» (70) divergens.

Corolla 24-3 in. in diam. ; lobes labyrinthinally

marked with thick dark purple-brown lines

and confluent spots ; annulus pale yellow

with light purple-brown dots ves wee (71) seutellata.

Corolla 23-3 in. in diam., spotted all over,

with or without a few slender transverse

lines interspersed on the base of the lobes (e) clypeata.

Teeth of the outer corona-lobes not or but slightly :

diverging :

Rim of the annulus light yellow, without

spots ; corolla with 5 purple-brown rays on —

the disk extending to and beyond the

sinuses yan ++» (8) Prometheus.

eee eee tee

Rim of the annulus more or less spotted ; corolla

without coloured rays on the disk :

996 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Stapelia.

Margin of annulus very slightly recurved,

not forming a flat-topped rim .. (72) albicans.

Margin of annulus horizontally —

forming a flat-topped rim__... . (73) hanburyana.

Corolla 24-32 in. in diam., light coloured ;

lobes with numerous rounded spots,

those on the basal half connected by a

network of slender transverse ai og

brown lines sai res wes . (£) miata,

Corolla about 2 in. in diam., dark coloured

from the irregular spots being more or

less confluent aaa s. nee .. (mm) conspurcata.

Corolla-lobes not ciliate or the cilia reduced to

exceedingly minute and often papilla-like hairs,

rarely more than twice as long as thick :

Spots very numerous on each lobe, small or dot-

like, those on the annulus more minute .. (i) pallida,

Spots on the lobes not dot-like :

Spots not numerous on each lobe, large,

or confluent, rich crimson-brown,

brighter (nearly plood-colour) and not

smaller on the annulus :

Corolla about 2 in. in diam. ; outer corona-

lobes deeply bifid, without a tooth in the

notch «5 oie an gaa .. (0) picta.

Corolla 24-3 in. in diam. ; outer itieeits

3-toothed at the apex we ia (B) leta.

Spots many on each lobe, of moderate size,

distinct or but slightly ‘confluent except on

the basal part, irregularly scattered or in

longitudinal rows, those on the annulus

small or dot-like, all dark purple-brown,

never crimson-brown or blood-colour :

Base of the corolla-lobes more darkly coloured

than elsewhere from the spots being

confluent, or very distinctly connected

by or confluent with numerous transverse

dark purple-brown lines :

a with a flattish rim ; corolla 24-33

in diam. :

pth with 5 notches and 5 very

broad crenations ; outer corona-lobes

equally 3-toothed at the apex ... Ch) rugosa.

Annulus pentagonal or 10-crenate ; outer

corona-lobes bifid with or without a ;

sttinll toothy in-the-noteh wee site nbn

Annulus with » convex rm, not normally

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 997

Outer corona-lobes about 3 times as long

as they are broad at the middle,

tapering to the tips or with parallel

sides, minutely notched, very shortly

bifid or very minutely 3-toothed at

the apex : i oe ... (kK) retusa.

Outer corona-lobes 2-24 times as long as

rc they are broad at the middle,

usually rather deeply bifid with

parallel teeth and with or without a

minute tooth in the notch:

Corolla in mature (not young) bud flat-

topped, without a point, when ex-

panded flat on the back of the disk (a) trisulca.

Corulla in mature bud conical, acute,

when expanded not quite flat on

the back of the disk sie -» (Cd) bufonia..

Base of the corolla-lobes not or scarcely more

darkly coloured than elsewhere ; spots

separate or not very conspicuously con-

nected by slender purple-brown lines :

Outer corona-lobes not much longer than

broad, shortly bifid ... tas ... (b) marginata.

Outer corona-lobes 2-3 times as long as

broad :

Expanded corolla quite flat on the back

of the disk ; outer corona-lobes bifid,

with parallel obtuse teeth ... -» (ce) planiflora.

Expanded corolla more or less convex on

the back of the disk :

Outer corona-lobes bifid from 4 to

more than half-way down, with

diverging or subparallel teeth and

with or without a minute tooth in

the notch ,.. se «+ Ce) elypeata.

Outer corona-lobes minutely 3-toothed

at the apex, with the middle

tooth shortest, all obtuse and not

mere than } to } of the length of

the lobe ; ground colour of corolla

lemon- or faintly greenish-yellow (69) variegata.

Outer corona-lobes very _ slightly

= notched or very minutely and

q _ equally 3-toothed at the apex ;

ground colour of corolla light

r yellow or rather bright sulphur- _ a

yellow a: ae she woe Cj ) Curtesu.

Var. a, trisulea (N. E. Br.) ; corolla in mature (not when younger) bud flat-

or round-topped, not pointed ; disk flat at the back ; spots on the lobes irregular

or more or less in longitudinal rows, more crowded at the base, with rather thick

lines between them, producing a somewhat dark effect ; outer corona-lobes rather

deeply bifid, with a minute tooth in the notch; otherwise as in the type.

S. trisulea, J. Donn, Hort. Cantab. ed. 3, 43; Jacq. Stap. t. 33. 8. variegata,

Blane, Hints on Cacti, ed. 1891, 96, with fig. S. normalis, Lindl. Bot, Reg. t. 755,

not of Jacq. Orbea trisulea, Haw. Syn. Pl. Suce. 39. a =

Coast Rearox: Cape Div. ; near Cape Town, cultivated specimens!

998 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). [ Stapelia.

Var. b, marginata (N. E. Br.); corolla-lobes narrowly margined and covered

with small irregularly scattered spots of dark purple-brown, without intermingling

lines or a suffusion of purple-brown at their base around the subpentagonal

annulus, which is of a paler yellow with rather small dots of purple-brown ;

outer corona-lobes not much longer than broad, oblong, shortly bifid,

with a broad notch and subparallel or very slightly diverging obtuse teeth, pale

yellowish dotted only on the teeth with purple-brown and with 3 spots of the

same colour at the base, ‘‘the middle one oblong, yellow in the centre, the

lateral shorter, clavate” (Willdenow) ; horns of the inner corona diverging, with

the outer’ subulate, obtuse; otherwise as in the type. S. marginata, Willd.

Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. Suppl. 13; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 39 ; Link, Enum, Pl.

Hort. Berol. i. 257 ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 659 ; Schlechter in Journ, Bot.

1898, 481. .S. planiflora, var. marginata, Willd. Enum. Pl, Hort. Berol. 284 ;

Poir. Encycl. Suppl. v. 232. Orbea maryinata, Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 834;

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 120. 0. planiflura, var, marginata, G. Don, 1.c. 120.

I have seen a specimen of this from Herb, Link in the Berlin Herbarium, but

have not seen it alive.

[S. marginata, Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 37, not of Willd., is a hybrid,

with a corolla about 3 in. in diam. ; lobes minutely but distinctly ciliate with

(apparently) simple hairs, dark purple-brown along the margins and on the apical

half, with the centre of the basal half yellow, spotted with purple-brown, and the

disk around the annulus purple-brown ; annulus circular, light yellow, densely

spotted with purple-brown in the cup, almost without spots on the rim ; outer

corona-lobes oblong-linear, bifid to 4 of the way down, pale yellow, dusted on the

teeth and down the centre with purple-brown and having a spot at the base.]

Var. c, planiflora (N. E. Br.); corolla acute in bud; disk flat on the back

when expanded; spots on the lobes irregularly scattered, without or with

inconspicuous slender purple-brown lines intermingled with them ; outer corona-

lobes bifid, teeth not spreading ; inner corona-lobes with subequal horns, the

outer ascending-spreading, slightly or not at all clavate at the apex ; otherwise as

in the type. S. planiflora, Jacq. Stap. t. 40 ; Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 284;

Poir. Encycl. Suppl. v. 232; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 88; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 191 ;

Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 256; Decne in DC. Prodr, viii. 659; N. E. Br.

in Journ, Linn. Soc, xvii. 169. 8. variegata, Jacq. Miscell. i. 27, t. 4, and Amer.

Gewiich. i, t. 94; DOC. Plant. Grass. t. 149; Tratt. Thesaur. t. 18, not of Linn. Ss.

mutabilis, Hulle in Rev. Hort. Belg. 1889, 193, with fig., not of Jacg. Orbea

planiflora, Haw. Suppl. Pl. Succ. 12; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 120.

Coast Reaion: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, cultivated specimens !

In the Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 61, Weingart records a case in which this plant

'.. produced during one year stems variegated with white, but the following year

only normally green stems. He failed to propagate the variegated form.

Pl. Hort. Berol, 283 ; Poir, Encycl. Suppl. v. 232; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 405

Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 88 . syns.) ; . Syn. Pl. ii. 885; Decne in DC.

rie ee dd. Bot. Cab. t. 832. S. buffoniana, G. Don, Gen. —

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 999

in DC. Prodr. viii. 659; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 479. 8S. orbiculata,

J. Donn, l.c. 43. 8. orbicularis, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 811; Fl. des Serres, xii. 187,

t. 1281; Le Jardin, 1892, 175. 8S. ophiuncula, Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 27 ; Schultes,

Syst. Veg. vi. 27 ; @. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 117 ; Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 663 (name

only). 8S. ophioncula, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 482 (name only). 8.

bidentata, Salm-Dyck, Hort. Dyck. 266. 8. monstrosa, Steud. Nom, ed. 2, ii. 631

(name only). 8S. ciliolulata, Tod. ex Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 38. Orbea

bisulca, Haw., and O. bufonia, Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 39, 40; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv.

119, 120.

Coast Recion: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, &c., Barkly, 45! 60! 61!

MacOwan, 2250! Pillans! cultivated specimens ! Oaklands, Jameson !

Jacquin's figure of S. bufonia on t. 35 is very badly coloured and does not agree

with his description, which states that the inner face of the corolla is ‘‘ entirely dirty

yellow, with scattered blackish spots and transverse striz of the same colour.”

Under cultivation I have found this typical dark-flowered form, in which the

spots and lines are confluent, sometimes produces on the same individual much

lighter coloured flowers resembling those figured by Jacquin as a variety of

S. bufonia on t. 36 ; this lighter coloured form is also much commoner than the

darker variation. S. monstrosa and S. ophiuncula are undescribed, but plants that

were in cultivation under those names many years ago belong to this variety ;

S. monstrosa merely has fasciated stems, and S, ophiuncula is a condition with long

stems, which become short when exposed to full sunlight. S. bisulca is a slight

form with the outer corona-lobes not very deeply notched, but this character

varies, as in one flower of Haworth’s type of Orbea bisulca they are much more

deeply notched.

S. bifolia (Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 49, and G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 117), of which

no description is given, is probably an error for S. bufonia.

S. orbicularis (Andr. Bot. Rep. vii. t. 439 ; Poir. Encycl. Suppl. v. 233 ; Schultes,

Syst. Veg. vi. 40; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 660 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898,

482. Orbea orbicularis, Haw. Syn. P].Suce. 40 ; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 120). This

illustration which has puzzled every student of Stapelias, I believe to be a bad figure

of S. bufonia, badly coloured in the same way as Jacquin’s, by representing

the ground colour as brown with transverse yellow lines instead of a yellow

ground with purple-brown spots, and the inner corona-lobes with very short

outer horns. I have never seen a flower like it and believe the corona-lobes

to have been either damaged or imperfectly developed, and as Andrews states

that he had only seen the plant in Loddiges’ collection and Loddiges’ own figure

of S. orbicularis (an excellent one of the common form of var. bufonia) distinctly

represents the outer horns as long as in typical bufonia, I think there is little

doubt that Andrews’ figure is intended for that plant. There are forms or hybrids

in cultivation which have light coloured flowers as in var. planiflora, but have the

shallowly basin-shaped disk of var. bufonia.

S. hispida, Horn ex Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 37, is a slight form of var.

bufonia, with the spots rather fewer and those on the annulus somewhat larger

than usual, the annulus is also irregularly margined with purple-brown, leaving an

irregular few-spotted light yellow ring on the rim.

S. natalensis, Riist, l.c. 87, is another form of var. bufonia or hybrid with

darkly coloured flowers, from the spots being rather crowded and those on the

annulus larger than usual.

S. atrata, var. tigrina, Dammann ex Riist, 1.c. 38, has no resemblance in colour

to S. atrata, Tod., but is a variation or hybrid of var. bufonia, with the spots

showing some tendency to arrangement in longitudinal rows ; annulus very light :

yellow with small round purple spots; outer horn of the inner corona-lobes —

1000 ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). [ Stapelia.

[S. bisulca (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 39, not of Donn) ; this is a bybrid,

quite distinct from S. bisulea, Donn ; corolla 24 in. in diam. ; lobes ovate,

shortly acuminate, not ciliate, pale greenish-yellow, very thickly covered with

irregular purple-brown spots, giving the appearance of being reticulated with

the yellow colour, entirely purple-brown on the disk ; annulus circular, dark

purple-brown with a few yellow specks; outer corona-lobes oblong-linear,

3-toothed at the apex, with the middle tooth smallest, pale yellow, dotted on the

teeth and down the centre with purple-brown, without a basal spot ; immer

corona-lobes with the outer horn erectly ascending.

Var. proboscidea (Riist, l.c. 39); corolla 3 in. in diam. ; lobes acuminate into

rather long tail-like tips, with fewer and more rounded spots than in the above

form and arranged in longitudinal rows, the disk around the annulus and base of

the lobes entirely (or suffused with) purple-brown ; annulus subpentagonal, pale

yellowish, thickly covered with rounded spots of a lighter purple-brown than those

on the lobes ; corona as in the preceding form.]

Var. e, clypeata (N. E. Br.); corolla-lobes with or without a microscopic

ciliation, pale greenish-yellow or sulphur-yellow, with the spots irregularly

scattered or in longitudinal rows, some of the lower occasionally confluent, but

without or with very few slender purple-brown lines among them and the basal

part usually not darker than elsewhere ; outer corona-lobes variably bifid from

4-3 of the way down, with the teeth varying from stout to slender and from

parallel to widely diverging, with or more often without a minute tooth in the

notch ; inner corona-lobes with the horns subequal or the outer shorter than the

inner, both clavate or the outer scarcely thickened at the apex. S. clypeata,

J. Donn, Hort. Cantab. ed. 3, 48, and Jacq. Stap. t. 34 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 40;

Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 838, excl. syn. ; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 885 ; Decne in DC. Prodr.

viii, 660. S. Bufonis, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1676; Lodd. Bot. Cab, t. 382? S.

quinquenervis, Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 87; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 658.

S. variegata, Jacq. Stap. t.39; Thunb. Prodr. 46; Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 170, and ed.

Schultes, 241; N. E. Br. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. 169, and in Hook. Ic. under

t. 1907, not of Linn. Orbea clypeata, Haw, Suppl. Pl. Succ. 18; G. Don, Gen.

Syst. iv. 120. O. quinquenervia, Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 88. O. quinquenervis, Loud.

Hort. Brit. 97 ; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 119. 0. bufonia, Haw. Suppl. Pl. Suce. 18

(not of Syn. Pl. Succ.).

Coast Recron : Cape Div. ; Lion Mountain and Table Mountain, Barkly, 3!

Pillans, 100! and cultivated specimens !

The type specimen of Orbea quinquenervia, Haw., in Haworth’s Herbarium at

Oxford is identical with S. clypeata, J. Donn, and of Jacq. But between this and

the plant figured by Jacquin as S. variegata I can find no valid distinction, the

only character is that in typical S. clypeata the teeth of the outer corona are more

divergent and sometimes, but not always, more slender than in S. variegata, Jacq.,

but I have seen flowers with every possible gradation between these two forms

and also some in which the teeth are perfectly parallel on some of the lobes and

very widely diverging on others of the same flower! The small tooth in the

notch is also occasionally either present or absent in different flowers on the same

plant or even in the same flower.

Var. f, mixta (N. E. Br.); corolla 24-33 in. in diam., pale greenish-yellow,

paler on the annulus, uniformly covered on the lobes with rather small purple-

brown spots more or less connected on the basal half or beyond by slender purple-

brown lines between the rugosities or subconfluent, and on the annulus with

smaller spots or dots ; disk flat or nearly so, annulus varying from nearly circular

to distinctly pentagonal or somewhat 10-crenate, with a rather broad flattish-

convex rim ; lobes with or without a ciliation of minute thick white hairs ; outer

corona-lobes linear-oblong, with parallel sides, variably 2-3-toothed at the os x;

yellow, dotted with purple-brown on the apical half, some of the dots exten is

down the margins and others down the centre to a larger spot at the base ; per

corona-lobes with horns of equal length, the outer ascending ; otherwise as in the —

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 1001

type. S. mixta, Masson, Stap. 28, t. 38; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1292; Pers. Syn. Pl.

i. 280; Poir. Encycl. vii. 388; R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 25 ; Schultes, Syst.

Veg. vi. 86; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 658. Orbea mixta, Haw. Syn. Pl. Suce.

38; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 834; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 119.

SourH AFrica: without locality, Masson.

Coast RreGion: Robertson Div. ; near Robertson, Pillans, 124!

Masson’s figure of this plant is very badly coloured, as he represents the ground-

colour of the corolla-lobes as purple-brown marked with irregular yellow lines and

describes them as ‘‘ purple, with transverse yellow rugosities ;”’ this is really the

case, but at the same time the effect produced is that the ground colour is yellow,

spotted and lined with purple-brown.

[S. mixta and var. pentagona, Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 39, seem to be

hybrid forms of var. bufonia, with a large annulus, but smaller flowers than in

typical var. mixta ; the lobes are coloured as in the lighter forms of var. bufonia

and the annulus is of a pale sulphur colour thinly dotted with purple: brown on the

rim and densely in the cup, very distinctly pentagonal in var. pentagona ; outer

‘ corona-lobes entire to bifid, with short parallel or diverging teeth, pale yellow,

dotted with purple-brown on the apical part and down the centre, with (or

in var. pentagona without) a basal spot ; outer horn of the inner corona-lobes.

ascending. ]

Var. g, horizontalis (N. E. Br.) ; corolla dull greenish-yellow on the lobes, with

numerous closely placed transverse lines (but no spots) on the basal half, numerous.

dots or very small spots and often a central line on the apical part and a series of small

contiguous spots around the margin, all dark purple-brown ; annulus pentagonal

with a rather broad flattish-convex rim, finely granulate-rugose, paler than the

lobes, with numerous small round purple-brown spots and some slender lines

between the rugosities ; disk flat or very slightly saucer-shaped under the annulus ;

lobes not ciliate ; outer corona-lobes linear oblong, bifid to 4 of their length, with

parallel or more rarely diverging teeth; outer horn of the inner corona-lobes

straight, horizontally spreading, as long as or slightly longer than the inner horn,

both clavate at the apex ; otherwise as in the type. S. horizontalis, N. E. Br. in

Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1907.

Sourn Arrica: cultivated in Cape Town Botanic Garden, origin unknown,

Barkly, 4! and cultivated specimens !

When alive this is readily distinguished from all other forms of S. variegata

known to me by the very distinct coloration, flat-looking annulus and the rather

finely rugose surface. Its native locality is unknown, but the Bruintjes Hoogte

plant distributed by MacOwan and Bolus as S. horizontalis may be correctly named ;

I have not seen living specimens of it. This variety was never common in

English gardens and seems to have disappeared from cultivation here and in South

Africa, I have not seen it for over 20 years.

Var. h, rugosa (N. E. Br.); corolla greenish-yellow with numerous small

scattered spots and transverse irregular lines of dark purple-brown on the lobes.

and paler yellow dotted with dark purple-brown on the annulus ; disk flat on the

back ; annulus with a rather broad flattish rim, pentagonal, with 5 slight grooves

radiating from the centre to a slight notch at each angle; outer corona-lobes

linear-oblong, subequally and acutely 3-toothed at the apex ; otherwise as in the

type. S. rugosa, J. Donn, Hort. Cantab, ed. 3, 43; Jacq. Stap. t. 41; Willd.

Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 284; Poir. Encycl. Suppl. v. 232 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi-

33; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 256; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 838; Dietr. Syn.

Pl. ii. 885 ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 656. Orbea rugosa, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed.

1, 277; Loud. Hort. Brit. 96. Tridentea rugosa, Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 850 ;

G. Don, Gen, Syst. iv. 118.

ORIGIN: stated to be a native of South Africa, cultivated in England in 1804

‘to Donn. I have not seen it.

Nee a

1002 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). | Stapelia.

[S. rugosa and var. coronata (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 40, not of Jacquin)

are hybrid forms unlike S. rugosa, Jacq., with corollas 24 in. in diam. and ovate

acuminate lobes, not ciliate ; in rugosa yellow, with irregular purple-brown spots

and very slender lines between them ; annulus circular, paler yellow than the

lobes, but very thickly covered with rather large confluent purple-brown spots ;

outer corona-lobes oblong-linear, 3-toothed, with the middle tooth minute, pale

yellow, with a purple central stripe and darker dots on the apical part ; inner

corona-lobes with the outer horn spreading.

Var. coronata; lobes pale sulphur-yellow, irregularly variegated with dark

purple-brown spots and markings, with slender lines between them ; annulus

circular, with the margin and inuer part crimson-brown leaving a very irregular

ring of light yellow between; corona as above, but the outer corona-lobes

narrowed at the teeth. ]

Var. i, pallida (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. under t. 1907, p. 2); corolla

acuminate in bud, when expanded with the disk nearly or quite flat on the back ;

lobes very pale greenish-yellow or bright lemon-yellow, covered with very

numerous dark purple-brown dots or small spots (scarcely half as large as those on

the type), usually without (but occasionally with) some slender not very con-

spicuous lines between the rugosities at the base, or rarely with clear borders and

the central area covered with labyrinthine transverse purple-brown lines, both

forms occasionally occur upon the same branch! annulus nearly round or very

distinctly pentagonal ; outer corona-lobes bifid, with or without a minute tooth in

the notch and the teeth parallel or somewhat diverging, all varieties sometimes

produced on the same plant; outer horns of the inner corona-lobes equalling or

rather shorter than the inner, ascending, usually but not always slightly thickened

at the apex ; otherwise as in the type.

Coast Recion : Cape Diy.; northern slopes of Table Mountain, Pillans, 116!

cultivated in Port Elizabeth Botanic Garden and believed to come from an

eastern province, Barkly, 2! and cultivated specimens! Pillans, 74!

Var. j, Curtisii (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. under t. 1907, p. 3); corolla pale

greenish-yellow or lemon-yellow, with rather numerous and usually rather small

purple-brown spots irregularly scattered or in longitudinal rows ; annulus circular,

rather paler with smaller spots ; outer corona-lobes entire and very obtuse or sub-

truncate, emarginate, or very minutely and equally 3-toothed at the apex, sometimes

in the same flower! yellowish-green, dotted with purple-brown; outer horn of the

inner corona-lobes about as long as or shorter than the inner, ascending, slightly

thickened at the apex. Stapelia Curtisii, Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 88; Decne m

DC. Prodr, viii. 659. 8S. variegata, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 26, not of Linn, 8S. inodora,

Decne, l.c, 661. Orbea Curtisii, Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 40; G. Don, Gen. Syst. 1v-

120. O. inodora, Haw. Suppl. Pl. Suce. 12; @. Don, lc. 121; Schlechter im

Journ, Bot. 1898, 481.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, but probably near Cape Town, cultivated

specimens !

There are forms which I cannot otherwise distinguish from this having the

Orbea inodora, Haw., but he only distinguishes it from var. Curtisii by its

‘*smaller stems and retuse-emarginate” outer corona-lobes, both very variable

characters. Sir Henry Barkly’s specimen (57) which I formerly quoted for this,

has the outer corona-lobes much more deeply notched than in the type.

[S. Curtisii, Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 38, is not the above plant, but 4

hybrid, raised in Europe, probably between some form of S. variegata, var.

atropurpurea and var. bufonia, with a corolla about 2 in. in diam., very dark

purple-brown or violet-brown on the lobes, with a few irregular transverse and

marginal yellowish markings and the circular annulus light yellow with rounded

purple-brown spots ; outer corona-lobes bifid to 4 of the way down and tapering at “

the apex, pale yellow, dotted on the teeth and with a central stripe of purple-

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE& ( Brown). 1003

Var. k, retusa (N. E. Br.) ; corolla flat on the back, coloured much as in var.

bufonia but less darkly at the base of the lobes and the spots on the pentagonal

annulus usually fewer, larger and more irregular in form ; outer corona-lobes

rather long, linear or tapering from base to apex, with a very small notch or very

shortly bifid or sometimes very minutely 3-toothed at the tips, pale yellowish-

green, marked at the tips and down the centre with dots or very minute specks of

purple-brown' and a rather paler square spot at the base; both horns of the

inner corona-lobes clavate, the outer rather shorter than the inner, ascending-

spreading ; otherwise as in the type. 8S. retusa, Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 41; Decne

in DC. Prodr. viii. 660 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 483. Orbea retusa, Haw,

Syn, Pl. Suce. 41; G. Don, Gen, Syst. iv. 120.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, cultivated specimens !

[S. retusa (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 37, not of Schultes) is a hybrid form

with a corolla 24 in. in diam., pale yellow, rather sparsely covered with dark

brownish-crimson spots more or less arranged in irregular longitudinal rows on the

lobes and confluent on the disk in an irregular dark ring around the annulus ;

lobes somewhat elongated ovate, acuminate, minutely ciliate with pale yellowish

or white hairs; annulus small, circular, rather brighter than the lobes with

scattered round spots as large as those on the lobes ; outer corona-lobes extending

to or beyond the margin of the annulus, deeply bifid, with diverging teeth, pale

yellow, with a purple-brown stripe down the basal part and minute dots on the

apical half ; outer horn of inner corona-lobes somewhat spreading. ]

Var. 1, brevicornis (N. E. Br.) ; corolla 2}-23 in. in diam. ; disk saucer-shaped ;

lobes not ciliate, thickly covered on a greenish-yellow ground with dark purple-

brown irregular or transverse spots, which become more or less confluent into

irregular transverse or thick lines on the basal part, with somewhat labyrinthine

yellow lines between them; annulus varying from nearly circular to pentagonal,

dark purple-brown with a few irregular yellowish vein-like markings or 1 or 2irregular

yellowish concentric lines on its rim, from the rather large spots being very crowded

or subconfluent into an irregular ring, and in the cup part from the much smaller

spots or dots being densely crowded or subconfluent ; outer corona-lobes 4 in.

long, oblong, bifid to 4 or 4 of the way down, with parallel teeth, with a few

rather large subconfluent blackish- or very dark purple-brown dots on the apical

helf, a transverse yellow band at the middle, and a transverse purple-brown spot

or band at the base ; inner corona-lobes with the outer horn very short, about 3-3

as long as the inner, very spreading, subulate, subacute or obtuse, both horns

irregularly banded or marked with blackish- or very dark purple-brown and

yellow ; otherwise as in the type.

Sourn Arrica : locality unknown, Pillans, 47!

Described from a living plant.

Var. m, conspureata (N. E. Br.); corolla rather small, about 2 in. in diam.,

flattish on the back under the pentagonal or suborbicular annulus ; lobes minutely

but distinctly ciliate nearly to their tips with subclavate white and purple-brown

hairs, rather darkly coloured from the irregular spots being more or less confluent

and often covering the greater part of the lobe ; outer corona-lobes varying from

entire and acute to deeply bifid with parallel teeth or minutely and equally

3-toothed at the apex, even in different flowers on the same plant ; inner corona-—

horns subequal or the outer shorter and ascending-spreading, acute or slightl

clavate ; otherwise as in the type. S. conspurcata, Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol.

284; Jacq. Stap. t. 32; Poir. Encycl. Suppl. v. 231 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 39 ;

Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 888 ; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 256; Decne in DC.

Prodr. viii. 660; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 479. 8. ciliolata, Tod. Ind. Sem.

Hort. Panorm. 1861, 10, name only. S. A Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol.

pie o 13 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 35 ; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i, 257 ; Decne

in DC. Prodr. viii. 657 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 482. Orbea conspurcata,

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 834; G@. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 120. Tromotriche obliqua, —

Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 1, 278; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 119. ; ey

1004 ASCREPIADEA (Brown). [ Stapelia.

Coast Reaion: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, Pillans, 71! and cultivated

specimens !

Described from living plants. Some specimens of this variety cultivated as

S. ciliolata are much less ciliate than others.

Var. n, leta (N. E. Br.) ; corolla 24-3 in. in diam., light bright lemon-yellow,

marked with large irregular rich crimson-brown spots on the lobes and with large

spots of a brighter crimson on the annulus, those at the base of the lobes more or

less confluent ; outer corona-lobes usually distinctly narrowed towards the apex,

but sometimes with parallel sides, 3-toothed at the apex, with the middle tooth

varying from minute to as long as the outer teeth, but always more slender, pale

greenish-yellow, dotted to the base of the teeth with purple-brown and with a

rectangular spot at the base and sometimes a transverse spot just below the teeth

of the same colour ; inner corona-lobes with the outer horn rather shorter than the

inner, ascending. S. picta, N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. under t. 1907, p. 4, not of

Donn.

SourH Arrica : locality unknown, cultivated in Cape. Town Botanic Garden,

Barkly, 23! Pillans, 24! MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm, 920! and cultivated

specimens !

Described from living plants. %

Var. 0, picta (N. E. Br.) ; stems rather slender, 3-4 Jin. thick ; corolla rather

small, about 2 in. in diam., marked with large irregular blotches or confluent spots

of very dark crimson-brown upon a pale yellow ground, which forms irregular

transverse and longitudinal lines between them ; annulus rather lighter in colour

than the lobes, with brighter spots; outer corona-lobés oblong-linear, divided

nearly or quite to half-way down into 2 parallel linear teeth, otherwise as in the

type. S. picta, J. Donn, Hort. Cantab. ed. 3, 43; Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1169; Att. —

Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 94; Poir. Encycl. Suppl. v. 288, 234 ; Allg. Teutsch. Gart.

Mag. vii. 418, t. 42 (ex Schultes); Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol, i. 256. 8.

anguinea, Jacq. Stap.t. 37; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 828; Link, lc. 257. S. angunea

and S, picta, Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 41; Decne in DC. Prodr, viii. 660, 659 and

661. Orbea anguinea and O. picta, Haw. Syn. Pl. Suce. 41, 42; @. Don, Gen.

Syst. iv. 120. O. anguina, Loud. Hort. Brit. 96.

SourH Arrica: without locality, cultivated specimens dated 1818, 1829 and

1832 in Herb, Kew! and Herb. Haworth !

VaR. p, marmorata (N. E. Br.); corolla rather small, 13-2 in. in diam. ;

lobes broadly ovate, subacuminate, not ciliate, blackish-purple, with a few

irregular transverse and longitudinal pale yellow markings, annulus scarcely paler

than the lobes, with a few irregular yellow markings and dots ; outer corona-

lobes with parallel sides, bifid to about 4 of the way down, with parallel

teeth, sulphur-yellow with a stripe down the centre and some dots on the teeth

dark purple-brown; inner corona-lobes pale yellow, dotted with purple-brown,

with the outer horn very short, not more than half as long as the inner

horn, subulate, not clavate, erect. S. marmorata, Jacq. Stap. t. 38; Hornem.

Hort. Bot. Hafn. ii. 959 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 40; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol.

i. 257 ; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 888; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 885; Decne in DC. Prodr.

viii. 660. Orbea marmorata, Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 834; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 120.

Sourn Arrica ; without locality, cultivated specimen in Herb. Haworth !

_S. lunata, Dammann, and vars. wmbrosa and minuta (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt.

vi. 43) are either hybrid forms or slight variations of S. variegata, var. marmorata,

differing only as follows :—sS. lunata, corolla-lobes minutely ciliate, very

purple-brown or blackish-purple with a pale yellow crescent-shaped marking and

2-8 specks near the apex of each lobe and a pair of yellowish marks at each sinus + — 3

annulus rather lighter than the lobes, speckled with yellow. Var. wmbrosa, —

_ corolla-lobes not ciliate, somewhat reticulated with whitish-yellow at the tips

_ only; annulus with larger whitish markings ; outer corona-lobes with dots at the

Stapelia.] ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 1005

apical part only, no central stripe. Var. minuta, corolla-lobes minutely ciliate,

with a pale yellowish marking something like a flattened ring with 2 teeth on

each ; annulus with a few small yellowish marks; outer corona-lobes with the

teeth slightly diverging.

S. marmorata, Riist, l.c. 38, is totally different from S. marmorata, Jacq., and

merely a hybrid form of S. variegata with a corolla 22 in. in diam., minutely

ciliate on the lobes, which are margined and marked with a few large spots and

blotches of dark purple-brown ; annulus paler with a few smaller purple-brown

spots.

Var. q, atropurpurea (N. E. Br.) ; corolla 24-3} in. in diam., intense blackish-

purple with a few irregular yellowish markings, which are sometimes chiefly on the

-apical at others on the basal half of the lobes, or sometimes form an irregular or

broken circle on each lobe; lobes broadly ovate, shortly acuminate ; annulus

pentagonal or subcircular, with or without 5 pairs of slightly raised ridges

radiating from the centre to the angles, usually with a few spots or irregular

marks of yellowish, but sometimes entirely blackish-purple, outer corona-lobes

23-3 lin. long, oblong or linear-oblong, variable, shallowly to rather deeply bifid,

with or without a minute tooth at the base of the notch (sometimes in the same

flower !), or subequally 3-toothed at the apex, with the teeth parallel, pale

yellow, dotted or marked with dark purple-brown at the apex, with the dots

sometimes extending down the middle, or with a pale purplish spot at the base ;

inner corona-lobes with the outer horn as long as the inner, slightly thickened at

‘the apex, ascending-spreading ; otherwise as in the type. _S. atropurpurea, Salm-

Dyck, Hort. Dyck. 372; Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 659 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1898, 479. S. marmorata, Hulle in Rev. Hort. Belg. 1889, 193, with fig.

Sour Arrica : without locality ; cultivated specimens !

Coast Reaion: Cape Div. ; northern shores of Robben Island, Pillans, 82!

‘132! and cultivated specimens !

I have not seen an authentic specimen of S. atropurpurea, Salm-Dyck, but the

-described plant fairly well accords with the original description, and I received

a living plant of it over 30 years ago from a correspondent who informed

me that he had it years before from the Continent as S. atropurpurea. It is

very nearly related to var. marmorata but larger, and varies very considerably

in the markings on the corolla. This particular form is, I understand from Mr.

Pillans, confined to Robben Island.

S. Scylla, Dammann, Cat. 1894-1895, 120 and 109, fig. 77; Wien. Ill. Gart.

Zeit. 1894, xix. 234, fig. 30, is a variety or hybrid form with about 3 irregular

longitudinal yellowish markings on each lobe.

[S. atropurpurea (Riist, not of Salm-Dyck) and vars. rosea and Pan (Riist in

Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 40); these are hybrids, showing no connection with

S. atropurpurea, Salm-Dyck ; tha first is a hybrid form very similar to S. variegata,

var. trisulca, with a corolla 3} in. in diam. ; lobes similarly coloured, but rather

-darkly spotted and the ground colour of the annulus is overspread or suffused with

purple-brown, with round spots of a darker purple-brown.

Var. rosea has a corolla 2? in. in diam. with ovate subacute lobes, not ciliate,

very pale yellowish, with irregular blood-red spots and numerous fine lines between

them, the spots on the disk around the annulus more or less confluent; annulus

pentagonal, paler than the lobes, with numerous round blood-red spots ; outer

corona-lobes, linear-oblong, 3-toothed at the apex, with the middle tooth smallest,

pale yellow, with purple-brown dots on the apical part and down the centre and a

spot at the base ; inner corona-lobes with the outer horn suberect.

Var. Pan has a corolla 8} in. in diam. ; lobes elongate-ovate, acute or acuminate,

not ciliate, light yellow, densely and evenly spotted with dark purple-brown ;

annulus caedal. suffused with brownish-red, with rather large round purple-

brown spots and some yellow specks ; corona as in var. rosea.) _ Bee

1006 _ ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Stapelia.

[Var. r, atrata (N. E. Br.); corolla 3-3} in. in diam., very flat on the back,

very minutely ciliate on the deltoid-acuminate (not ovate) lobes.; inner surface

(including the annulus) dull purplish-brown, somewhat indistinctly marked with

rather large spots of a darker purple-brown, interspersed with a few yellowish

spots or markings, chiefly on the terminal half of the lobes and annulus ; annulus

pentagonal, with 5 pairs of slightly raised ridges radiating from the centre to the

angles; outer corona-lobes bifid, with the teeth parallel or slightly diverging,

yellowish, densely dotted with purple-brown on the apical part and with a cuneate

purple-brown spot at the middle; inner corona-lobes with subequal horns, the

outer ascending, not clavate; otherwise as in the type. S. atrata, Tod. Hort.

Panorm. i. 50, t. 18, fig. 1.

OricIN : raised in Europe, cultivated specimens !

This may be only a colour variation of var. atropurpurea or possibly a hybrid

derived from it.] .

[S. atrata, var. rufescens, Dammann ex Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt, vi. 39, is a

hybrid bearing no resemblance to S. atrata, Tod. ; corolla 2} in. in diam. ; lobes

ovate, acute, not ciliate, yellow, narrowly margined and spotted with purple-

brown, with the basal spots much larger than the rest and those on the disk

around the annulus confluent, those on the upper part are arranged in rows with

very slender longitudinal purple-brown veins between them; annulus circular,

thickly covered with purple-brown blotches, leaving narrow irregular yellowish

spaces between ; outer corona-lobes oblong-linear, shortly bifid, pale yellow, with

a pale purple-brown spot at the base and dots on the apical part; inner corona-

lobes with the outer horn ascending. ]

[Var. s, Prometheus, Dammann ex Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 37, is a hybrid

form with the corolla-lobes minutely ciliate, and the dark purple-brown area of

confluent spots on the disk around the annulus extending in 5 rays to the sinuses,

otherwise spotted much as in var. bufonia; annulus pentagonal, light yellow,

without spots on the rim, but densely dusted with purple-brown in the cup ;

corona as in yar, bufonia.]

(70. 8. divergens (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1905, xxxvii. 49);

habit, stems, pedicels and sepals as in S. variegata, and the

flower simiJar in form ; corolla in bud shortly conical from a broad

flattened pentagonal base, acute, when expanded about 2 in. in

diam., slightly rugulose on the inner face, light yellow, labyrinthin-

ally marked on the disk and lower 2 of the lobes with thick

irregularly ramified brownish-crimson lines, which become broken

up into spots on the apical part of the lobes; annulus bright

canary-yellow, with rather crowded brownish-crimson round spots

in the rugulose basin-like part, but none on the smoother hori-

zontally spreading rim; disk nearly flat; lobes about 9 lin. long

and 7 lin. broad, deltoid-ovate, very acute, minutely ciliate with

simple thick hairs to their tips ; outer corona-lobes divided for 2 of

the way down into 2 straight slender widely diverging teeth, 2-24

lin. apart from tip to tip, pale yellow, dusted on the teeth and

marked at the notch and base with a spot of dark crimson-

brown; inner corona-lobes pale yellowish, dusted with crimson-

brown, with the inner horn 2 lin. long, clavate, and the outer

14 lin, long, erectly spreading, scarcely clavate.

Ortary : a hybrid raised in Europe, cu’tivated specimens !

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADEE (Brown). 1007

[71. 8. scutellata (Tod. Hort. Panorm. i. 52, t. 13, fig. 2); corolla

25-3 in. in diam., slightly basin-like under the annulus and some-

what convex on the back ; lobes ciliolate nearly to their tips with

minute thick or subclavate hairs, light yellow, marked to their tips with

dark purple-brown transverse spots and thick irregularly confluent

wavy lines; annulus with a recurved-spreading margin, of a paler

yellow, with small purplish-brown dots and spots; outer corona-

lobes bifid, with diverging or parallel teeth, sometimes with a

minute tooth in the notch; horns of the inner corona subequal ;

otherwise as in S. variegata, Linn.

- ORIGIN : raised from seed in Europe, doubtless a hybrid, cultivated specimen |}

[72. 8. albicans (Sprenger in Dammann, Cat. 1894, 58 and 53,

fig. 51); stems like those of S. variegata, L., whitish or partly

whitish and partly green, often becoming entirely green ; corolla

2—2} in. in diam., dark purple-brown at the tips of the lobes and

along the margins, the remainder of the rugose inner surface yellow,

with elongated transverse spots or thick broken lines of dark

purple-brown ; lobes ovate, acute or shortly acuminate, ciliate with

minute clavate hairs about } lin. long; annulus with its margin

very slightly recurved ; outer corona-lobes linear-oblong, varying

from acute to 3-toothed at the apex ; inner corona-lobes 2-horned,

horns filiform, the inner clavate and rather longer than the spread-

ing simple outer horn. Wien. Ill. Gart. Zeit. 1894, 234, fig. 29.

Oricin: A hybrid raised by Messrs. Dammann & Co. at Naples ; cultivated

specimens !

Described from a living plant received from Mr. Sprenger, and raised from

seeds of one of Todaro’s species ; as the flower is much like that of S. angulata,

Tod., in general character, that may have been its seed-parent.]

(S. alba, mentioned by Rother and others in Monatsschr. Kakt. v. 13, 15, and 30,

without a description, is perhaps only another name for S, albicans, I have not

seen it.]

[73. 8. hanburyana (Berger and Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. ix. 6,

fig. 7); stems like those of S. variegata, about 5-6 lin. thick ;

pedicels about 1} in. long; sepals 24-3 lin. long, 14 lin. broad,

ovate, acute or acuminate; corolla 24-2} in. in diam., not very

rugose on the inner surface; lobes very spreading or recurving,

about 10 lin. long and 8 lin. broad at the base, ovate, somewhat

acuminate, ciliolate with minute subclavate hairs, pale greenish-

yellow, evenly marked all over with rather small transverse purple-

brown spots or short lines and narrowly edged with the same colour,

the tips rather darker than the rest from the furrows between the

rugosities being traversed with fine purple-brown lines ; annulus

very flat-topped with a horizontally spreading margin, whitish-

yellow, much paler than the lobes, marked above and beneath with

small rounded purple-brown spots which are often confluent in short

chains ; outer corona-lobes oblong or broadened upwards, even in

1008 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [Stapelia.

the same flower, bifid or sometimes subtruncate at the apex, pale

yellow, thickly dotted on the apical half and with an irregular

purple-brown blotch at the base; inner corona-lobes with both

horns slightly clavate at the tips and the outer erect, as long as the

inner, pale yellow without dots on the basal part, elsewhere dotted

with purple-brown. WN. E. Br. in Gard, Chron. 1908, xliv. 169 and

167, fig. 65.

Oniaty : a hybrid from some variety of S. variegata ; cultivated specimens!

Described from a living plant from Sir Thomas Hanbury’s garden at La

Mortola, ]

‘

Hybrids raised in Europe, not included in the key.

(74. S. amena (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 40); corolla 3 in.

in diam.; lobes broadly ovate, shortly acuminate, not ciliate,

sulphur-yellow, with rather few irregularly scattered dark purple-

brown spots and very slender lines between them; annulus very

large, 1} in. in diam., pentagonal, paler than the lobes, with small

scattered round spots and dots of dark blood-red or purple-brown ;

outer corona-lobes linear-oblong, slightly narrowed at the apex, bifid

with a minute tooth in the notch, pale yellow with a dark purple or

purple-brown spot at the base and dots on the apical part ; inner

corona-lobes with the outer horn ascending. |

(75. 8. angulosa (Tod. ex Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 38) ;

stems rather stout ; corolla about 2 in. in diam., light yellow (paler.

on the circular annulus) densely covered with purple-brown dots or

very small spots, those on the annulus smaller ; lobes not ciliate; outer

corona-lobes linear-oblong, bifid to } of the way down, pale yellow,

dusted all over with purple-brown, without a basal spot; outer

horn of inner corona-lobes suberect.

- _ Var. Charybdis (Dammann ex Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 40); daywee le,

in. in diam. ; lobes ovate, acute, minutely ciliate, light yellow, thickly cove:

with irregular or elongated transverse purple-brown spots ; annulus circular, paler

than the lobes, with rather crowded short purple-brown lines ; outer corona-lobes

oblong, bifid with a minute tooth in the notch, greenish on the apical half, dotted

with purple-brown, pale yellowish with a central purple stripe below ; inner

corona-lobes more greenish tinted than usual, with the outer horn ascending.

Var. Kreusa (Dammann ex Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 39) ; corolla 2 in. in

diam. ; lobes ovate, acute, not ciliate, dark purple-brown with some scatter

yellow specks and dots; annulus circular, pale yellowish, thickly dotted with

blood-red or purple-brown ; outer corona-lobes bifid, with converging teeth and a

minute tooth in the notch, pale yellow, with an elo gated purple-brown spot at

the base and dots on the apical half; inner corona-lobes with the outer horn

much shorter than the inner, suberect.

Var. Nemea (Dammann ex Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 38) ; corolla ind

- diam. ; lobes ovate, very short, subacuminate, ciliate with short clavate hairs, —

dark purple-brown, with the basal 3 speckled with yellow; annulus apparently —

: ae

Stapelia.| ASCLEPIADER (Brown). 1009

solid, with an erect obtuse (not recurving) margin, crenately 5-lobed, pale

yellowish, with purple-brown dots and minute irregular lines ; outer corona-lobes

oblong-linear, bifid, pale yellow with a purple-brown spot at the base and dots

down the centre and on the teeth ; inner corona-lobes with the outer horn about

half as long as the inner horn.

Var. Thi (Dammann ex Riist, l.c. 37), only differs in having larger and much

fewer spots on the lobes, and a spot at the base of the outer corona-lobes.

8. radiata (Riist, l.c. 38, not of Sims), is another form similar to S..angulosa,

var, Zhi, with large spots on the corolla-lobes, and the outer corona-lobes

narrowed at the apex and less deeply bifid, without a basal spot.]

(76. 8. Burtinii (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 40) ; stems rather

stout ; corolla 24 in, in diam. ; lobes ovate, acuminate, not ciliate,

pale yellow with very numerous crowded small rounded purple-

brown spots ; annulus somewhat 5-lobed, with the lobes or angles

alternating with the corolla-lobes, pale sulphur-yellow or whitish-

yellow, with a few small scattered purple-brown spots; outer

corona-lobes oblong-linear, bifid at the apex, pale yellow, dotted at

the apex and down the centre with purple-brown, no basal spot ;

inner corona-lobes with the outer horns nearly as long as the inner,

suberect. }

[77. 8. chlorotica (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 43); stems

rather stout ; corolla 13 in. in diam.; lobes deltoid-ovate, acute,

not ciliate, sulphur-yellow, with small light purple spots and dots,

those on the disk and base of the lobes larger and more crowded

than the rest ; annulus circular, paler than the lobes, with irregular

‘reddish or pale purplish lines and dots mostly radiating from the

centre to the margin; outer corona-lobes oblong, bifid, with

slightly diverging teeth, pale yellowish, with 2 small streaks of

minute purple dots down the centre, without a basal spot; inner

corona-lobes pale yellow, unspotted, with the outer horn much

shorter and stouter than the inner. |

[78. 8. decora (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 40, not of Masson) ;

this is a hybrid, totally different from S. decora, Masson ; corolla

2} in. in diam. ; lobes deltoid-ovate, acute, not ciliate, light yellow,

with the disk around the annulus and 5 broad bands radiating to

the sinuses of a reddish-brown, the whole spotted with dark purple-

brown, with the spots on the centre of the basal part of the lobes

irregularly transversely elongated and larger than the others, many

of which are dot-like; annulus rather small, 3 in. in diam.,

apparently without a recurved margin, 10-crenate, pale yellow,

dotted with purple-brown ; outer corona-lobes linear-oblong, bifid at

the apex, pale yellow, dotted on the teeth and down the centre with

purple-brown, no basal spot ; inner corona-lobes with the outer horn

1010 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Stapelia.

brown, without spots, ciliate with clavate hairs } lin. long;

annulus circular, pinkish, with small round purple-brown spots or

dots ; outer corona-lobes oblong-linear, narrowed at the apex on the

outer margins of the teeth, bifid to 3 of the way down, pale yellow,

dusted with purple-brown on the teeth and down the centre, with

or without a spot at the base ; outer horn of the inner corona-lobes

spreading.

Var. Bellona (Dammann ex Riist, l.c. 38) ; this only differs from var. Electra

by the ground colour of the corolla-lobes being of a light purplish tint, the outer

corona-lobes tapering at the apex from the base of the teeth and dotted all over

the teeth as well as down the centre, the inner corona-lobes more thickly dotted

and their outer horn nearly as long as the inner.

Var. Electra (Dammann ex Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 38) ; corolla about

2 in. in diam. ; lobes ovate, acute, pale yellow, thickly covered with purple-brown

(or dark crimson-brown ?) irregular spots, those on the disk at the base of the lobes

more or less confluent; annulus circular, paler than the lobes, with smaller

rounded spots; outer corona-lobes bifid to about half-way down, light yellow,

dotted with purple-brown on the inner edges of the parallel teeth and half-way

down the centre, without a basal spot; inner corona-lobes rather thinly and

minutely dotted with purple-brown, with the outer horn rather short, suberect.

Var. Medusa (Dammann ex Riist, l.c. 39) is like var. Bellona, but the

corolla-lobes are not ciliate and the ground colour is of a darker purplish tint ;

annulus pinkish-white or sulphur-white with small round purple spots ; corona as

in var. Bellona, but the outer lobes do not taper at the apex. ]

Var. Muley Hassan (Dammann ex Riist, l.c. 37) only differs in having the

annulus more thickly spotted.

Var. tricolor (Riist, l.c. 39) ; stems more cylindric than in the other forms, very

slightly or scarcely grooved between the rounded avgles ; corolla as-in the above

varieties, but the lobes narrowly margined with dark purple-brown and their basal:

half shaded with dull purple ; annulus light rosy-purplish with rather few small

dark purple-brown round spots or dots ; outer corona with very diverging teeth,

which are dotted along their inner margins and the dots continued down the

centre ; both horns of the inner corona-lobes thickly dotted and the outer nearly

as long as the inner.]

(80. 8. erecta (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 40); corolla 2 in.

in diam. ; lobes ovate, acute, not ciliate, light yellow, rather evenly

spotted with purple-brown, with the spots on the disk around the

annulus confiuent in a narrow ring ; annulus circular, pale yellow,

densely dotted with purple-brown; outer corona-lobes oblong-linear,

3-toothed at the apex, with the middle-tooth very small, pale yellow,

dotted on the apical half and down the centre with purple-brown,

no basal spot; inner corona-lobes with the outer horn erectly

ascending. | -

a §. luxurians (Dammann ex Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi.

39); corolla 3-3} in. in diam.; lobes elongated ovate-deltoid,

acuminate, not ciliate, entirely dark purple-brown, with traces of

yellowish on the rugosities on the basal part ; annulus: pentagonal, —

entirely dark purple-brown ; outer corona-lobes linear-oblong,

_ 8-toothed at the apex, with the middle tooth smallest, pale yellow,

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 1011

with a purple-brown spot at or rather above the middle and dots

on the apical part, no spot at the base; outer corona-lobes with

subequal horns, the outer ascending.

This is similar to S. atrata, Tod.]

[82. 8. micrantha (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi.38) ; corolla about

24 in. in diam. ; lobes somewhat attenuate-deltoid-ovate, acuminate,

pale greenish-yellow, irregularly margined and marked with purple-

brown spots more or less confluent, in a few longitudinal or trans-

verse groups ; annulus circular, light yellow, densely covered with

purple-brown confluent spots in the cup and very few on the rim, so

that it appears to have an interrupted ,yellow ring around it ; outer

corona-lobes oblong-linear, minutely notched at the apex, pale

yellow, dotted at the apex and a few dots at the base; inner

corona-lobes with both horns dotted to the base and the outer horn

suberect.

This scarcely differs from S. mirabilis, Dammann, except in the colouring of the

annulus and corona, |

(83. S. mirabilis (Dammann ex Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 38) ;

corolla 2-21 in. in diam.; lobes somewhat attenuate-deltoid or

deltoid-ovate, acuminate, pale yellow, with purple-brown margins

and rather few large irregular spots, those on the disk around the

annulus confluent, the others interspersed with slender purple-

brown lines; annulus circular, paler, thickly covered with small

light purple-brown spots; outer corona-lobes oblong, shallowly

emarginate or notched at the apex, pale yellow, without markings

except some minute dots on the very small teeth ; inner corona also

only dotted at the tips of the horns, of which the outer are

suberect. |

84. §. multiflora (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 39, not of

DC.) ; this is a hybrid form of S. variegata and totally different

from S. multiflora, DC.; corolla 24 in. in diam. ; lobes deltoid-ovate,

acuminate, minutely ciliate, pale yellow, edged and variegated with

irregular dark purple-brown markings and a blotch near the tips of

a lighter purple-brown, entirely dark purple-brown on the disk

around the annulus, which is circular, of a paler yellow than the

lobes, with purple-brown spots all round the margin and in the

cup, leaving a circle of yellow almost unspotted between; outer

corona-lobes linear-oblong, shortly bifid, with a minute tooth in the

notch, pale yellow, dotted with purple-brown down the centre and

on the teeth; inner corona-lobes with the outer horn ascending-

spreading.

The flowers are represented as being subsolitary and a ntly not more

abundantly produced than in other sete and ipbeide: of 8. Recs ieer f

(85. 8. munbyana (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 40); a hybrid :

"very similar to the lighter coloured forms of S. variegata, var. i.

r= = rr r—<“C«<iwz™CSO™SCCi Sl

1012 ASCLEPIADEA: (Brown). | Stapelia.

bufonia, but the spots at the base of the lobes not or scarcely con-

fluent and the outer corona-lobes have a minute tooth in the notch

at their apex and no basal spot. |

{86. 8. muricata (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 37) ; corolla about

2} in. in diam. ; lobes ciliate with short clavate hairs, pale yellow,

thickly covered with small purple-brown spots, intermingled with

slender transverse lines of the same colour, scarcely darker on the

disk around the annulus, which is circular, densely dotted with

purple-brown in the cup, pale yellow without markings on the

border ; outer corona-lobes extending nearly or quite to the margin

of the annulus, bifid to half-way down, with slightly diverging

teeth, pale yellow, with a short basal stripe and dots on the teeth

of purple-brown ; outer horn of inner corona-lobes suberect. |

[87. 8. panifolia (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 38); corolla

23 in. in diam. ; lobes pale yellow, with rather few irregular purple-

brown spots and numerous very slender purple-brown lines between

the rugosities, not ciliate; annulus rather large, pentagonal, paler

than the lobes, with small scattered round purple-brown spots ;

corona as in S. variegata, var. bufonia. |

[88. 8. parvipunctata (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 39); corolla

34-35 in, in diam.; lobes ovate, acuminate, not ciliate, pale

greenish-yellow, thickly covered with small purple-brown spots and

dots, with a suffused purple-brown area on the disk around the

annulus extending in 5 rays to the sinuses; annulus pentagonal,

paler than the lobes, with small round purple or purple-brown

spots ; outer corona-lobes oblong-linear, 3-toothed at the apex, with

the middle tooth minute, pale-yellow with a purple-brown spot at

the base and dots on the apical part; inner corona-lobes with the

outer horn nearly as long as the inner, erectly ascending. }

[89. 8. purpurea, var. nigrescens (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt.

vi. 43); corolla 21 in. in diam.; lobes ovate, long-acuminate,

minutely ciliate, blackish-purple with a short pale yellow irregular

longitudinal streak at their tips; annulus circular, blackish purple,

without markings ; outer corona-lobes bifid, with slightly diverging

teeth, pale yellowish with blackish-purple teeth and some purple

specks near the base ; inner corona-lobes with blackish-purple horns

and the basal part pale yellow, outer horn half as long as the inner,

subulate. | :

[90. S. putida (Berger in Monatsschr. Kakt. xv. 159); stems

1}-2 in. long, 5-6 lin. thick ; corolla-lobes yellowish, with large

__ purple-brown spots and a red line along the margins, not ciliate ;_

_ annulus with a much recurved margin, purplish-brown, obscurely

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). _ 1013

spotted with darker ; outer corona-lobes sublinear, bifid or 3-toothed

at the apex, with straight teeth, the middle one minute ; otherwise

as in S. variegata. |

(91. S. rectiflora (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 37); corolla

about 2 in, in diam., with a shallow cup-like disk and spreading

lobes, sulphur-yellow, with rounded and not very numerous purple-

brown spots having a tendency to be confluent in longitudinal

rows, and slender purple-brown lines between the rugosities ;

annulus circular, paler, dotted with purple-brown ; outer corona-

lobes linear-oblong, bifid to about } of the way down, with parallel

teeth, pale yellow, dotted with purple-brown at the apex only, no

basal spot ; outer horn of the inner corona-lobes spreading. |

Var. viridula, Riist, lc. 37, only differs in having the corolla more densely

spotted and the spots on the disk at the base of the lobes confluent in a continuous

ring around the annulus.

(92. S. salmiana (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 39); corolla

3-31 in. in diam. ; lobes ovate, shortly acuminate, shortly ciliate,

light yellow, with numerous irregular purple-brown spots, those at

the base and on the disk around the annulus confluent ; annulus

circular, of a ‘paler yellow than the lobes, densely covered with

moderately large purple-brown spots ; outer corona-lobes linear-

oblong, 3-toothed at the apex, with the middle tooth minute, pale

yellow, dotted on the teeth with purple-brown, with or without

2 small spots near the base ; inner corona-lobes only dotted on the

apical half of their horns ; outer horn spreading.

This is very similar to S. variegata, var. trisulea, differing chiefly by its ciliate

corolla-lobes. }

(93. S. sanguinea (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 38, not of

Pasq.) ; corolla 2} in. in diam.; lobes minutely or very shortly

ciliate, blackish-brown or violet-brown, with a few yellowish dots or

small spots on their basal part and a few pale yellow lines meander-

ing in various directions on the apical half and usually separating

one large and two small spots from the rest of the brown colour ;

annulus circular, yellowish with small round purple-brown spots ;

outer corona-lobes bifid, pale yellow, with a central stripe and

some dots on the teeth of purple-brown; inner corona-lobes with

the outer horn suberect. |

(94. 8. Sisyphus (Dammann ex Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt.

vi. 38) is very similar to S. variegata, var, atrata, and is probably a

hybrid derived from it or of similar origin ; corolla-lobes ovate,

acuminate, very dark purple-brown or violet-brown with a crescent-

like marking and a few dots of yellow at their tips, not ciliate ;

annulus circular, of a much lighter purple-brown with yellow dots _

1014 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [Stapelia.

and very small slender irregular lines on the inner part of the rim ;

outer corona-lobes shortly bifid, light yellow, with a central stripe

and some dots on the teeth dark purple-brown ; inner corona-lobes

with dark purple-brown horns ; inner horn dusted with yellow at

the apex. |

(95. S. umbilicata (Riist in Monatsschr. Kakt. vi. 40); corolla

24 in. in diam. ; lobes ovate, acute, not ciliate, sulphur-yellow, with

violet-brown rounded spots, those on the disk around the annulus

confluent ; annulus subpentagonal, pale yellow, with small round

blood-red spots ; outer corona-lobes linear-oblong, narrowed at the

bifid apex, pale yellow, with a purple-brown spot at the base and

dots on the teeth and down the centre ; inner corona-lobes with the

outer horn suberect. |

[96. 8. Uspenskyi (Riist in Monatsschr, Kakt. vi. 38) is either a

variation or hybrid form of var. bufonia, with the spots at the

- base of the lobes less confluent and transversely much elongated ;

lobes short, broad, and more abruptly acuminate than usual ;

annulus rather large, pentagonal ; outer corona-lobes without a spot

at the base and the outer horn of the inner corona-lobes spreading. |

Imperfectly known species.

97. 8. canescens (Haw. Syn. Pl. Suce. 26; Schultes, Syst. Veg.

vi. 26; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 117; Deene in DC. Prodr. viii. 663 ;

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 479); name only, without

description.

98. 8. cordata (Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 26; Schultes, Syst. Veg.

vi. 26 ; G, Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 116; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 663 ;

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 479); name only, without

description.

99. S. emarginata (Breit. Hort. Breit. 504) ; name only, without

description.

100. 8. gemmifera (Salm-Dyck, Hort. Dyck. 266); name only,

without description, but placed in the same group as S. variegata,

Linn., and allies.

101. 8. fasciculata (Thunb. Prodr. 46); stems about 1 in. long,

fasciculate, decumbent, teretely subhexagonal, with spreading acute

tubercles, glabrous, reddish at the apex ; pedicel as long as the

stem ; calyx (perianth of Thunberg) very deeply 5-partite ; segments

I iin. long, ovate, acute, glabrous, persistent; follicles 2, about

_ 4 in, long, pedunculate (i.e. tapering below into a sort of stalk),

Stapelia. | ASCLEPIADEA (Brown). 1015

erect, acute, thickest at the middle, brownish-purple. Thunb. Fl.

Cap. ed. 2, ii. 170, and ed. Schultes, 241; Poir. Encyel. vii. 385 ;

N. E. Br. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii, 168; Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1898, 480. Piaranthus? fasciculata, Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 10 ;

G. a Gen. Syst. iv. 113. P. ? fasciculatus, Decne in DC. Prodr.

viii. 650,

Centra Ruaron : Calvinia Div. ; Hantam Hills, near Calvinia, Thunberg !

There is no specimen in Thunberg’s Herbarium named S. fasciculata, but one

sheet, without a name, contains 2 pieces of stem of a Stapelia which so exactly

agree with his description of S. fasciculata that I think there can be no doubt

they form the type of his description of that plant. One of the stems bears

2 follicles 4 in. long on an erect pedicel 14 in. long. As there are no flowers it is

impossible to determine the genus to which it belongs ; however, I think it is

almost certainly not a species of Stapelia, but probably either a Huernia, Duvalia

or Piaranthus,

102. 8. flavicomata (Haw. Suppl. Pl. Succ. 8); stems numerous,

4-angled, slender, with equal angles, pubescent ; leaf-bearing teeth

very tumid and contiguous; flowers not seen. G. Don, Gen. Syst.

iv. 116; Deene in DC. Prodr, viii. 663.; Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1898, 480.

Sourn Arrica : in cultivation before 1810 ex Haworth !

Stated to be near S. glandulifera, Haw. (i.e. S. glanduliflora, Masson), but with

more numerous shorter and thicker stems, with larger and more contiguous teeth.

- 103. 8. papillosa (DC. Pl. Grass. ex Desf. Tabl. ed. 2, 92;

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 49; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 117 ; Schlechter

in Journ, Bot. 1898, 482); name only, without description. The

name has not been found in published copies of De Candolle, Pl.

Grasses,

104, §. plicata (Salm-Dyck, Hort. Dyck. 267) ; name only, but

placed in the same group as S. variegata and allics.

105. S. trifolia (Breit. Hort. Breit. 505); name only, without

description.

106. 8. verticillata (Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 49, and G. Don,

Gen. Syst. iv. 117); name only, without description.

107. 8S. virgata (Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 49, and G. Don, Gen.

Syst. iv. 117); name only, without description.

LI. PIARANTHUS, R. Br.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla usually deeply 5-lobed and rotate when

fully expanded, rarely with a campanulate or cup-shaped tube,

_ velvety or pubescent (rarely glabrous) on the inner surface. Corona

1016 ASCLEPIADEE (Brown). [ Piaranthus.

arising from the staminal column, simple ; lobes 5, opposite the

anthers, incumbent upon them with or without erect tips or rarely

erect, dorsally produced or expanded into a truncate minutely

tuberculate or denticulate crest. Staminal column arising from the

base of the corolla, short ; anthers free, oblong, without appendages

at their apex, incumbent upon the dilated top of the style.

Pollen-masses solitary in each anther-cell, subhorizontal, pellucid

along the inner margin near the apex, attached in pairs by very

short caudicles to minute excrescences on the sides of the narrow

pollen-carriers. ollicles and seeds not seen.

Very dwarf succulent leafless herbs, with watery juice; stems decumbent or

ascending, flowering at or near the apex or middle; flowers in pairs or fascicles,

erect, small or of moderate size.

Distrrs. : Species 11, endemic.

This genus was founded in 1811 by Robert Brown upon Stapelia pulla and

S. punctata, Masson, and characterised as having no outer corona (‘‘ staminal

corona simple, 5-leaved, with the leaflets toothed on the back’’). But this character

must have been made from S. punctata, as S. pulla has a most distinet outer

corona. In 1812, Haworth, recognising that S. pulla and S. punctata represented

_ two distinct genera, unfortunately referred S. pulla to Piaranthus, and founded

his genus Obesia upon S. punctata, S, decora and S. geminata, Masson, but ascribed

to Obesia and Piaranthus identical characters, Matters have been further confused

by the erroneous description of Obesia given by Decaisne in DC. Prodr. viii. 661,

and by Bentham and Hooker having placed Piaranthus as a synonym of the totally

different Podanthes, Haw., whilst finally Dr. Schlechter in Jowrn. Bot. 1898, 478-

479 has united Piaranthus with Caralluma. The genus however is quite distinct

from all others and very easily recognised from living plants by the corona and

peculiar habit. Some of the species are rather closely allied, and although fairly

easy to recognise when alive, I find are difficult to tabulate, whilst dried specimens

are exceedingly difficult to discriminate unless exceptionally well dried. In some

cases the flowers of the same species vary very considerably in colour and some-

tames in ciliation, and distinct varieties might easily be mistaken for different

species, but Mr. Pillans informs me that the different variations grow together and

are connected by a series of intermediate forms,

Fully expanded corolla* with a distinct campanulate or

cup-shaped tube :

Corolla-lobes more than twice as long as_ broad,

‘*papillose”’ (puberulous?) on the inner surface,

whitish, dotted with blood-red... ; bas

Corolla-lobes scarcely longer than broad, glabrous,

blackish-purple vas pes in tee ... (11) grivanus.

Fully expanded corolla rotate or subrotate without a

distinct. tube, velvety-puberulous or pubescent on

the inner surface. poy

_ Corona-lobes much longer than the anthers, with the

tips connivent-erect, recurving, or erect and

doubly curved :

(1) punctatus.

* Caution is necessary with regard to this character, as I have occasionally seen”

upon cultivated plants bot species belonging to the tubeless series, flowers that never

hort cup-like tube. Also if fully ex:

_ fully expanded and had a very xpanded

fabaiees fos flowers are preserved up ina

Piaranthus. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 1017

Corolla-lobes about 43~5 lin. long :

Corolla very pale yellowish or Srey dotted with

purple or crimson ats --- (2) cornutus.

Corolla bright clear Srostitahsiyeltine. with small

rounded dark purple-brown spots... ... (8) pulcher,

Corolla-lobes 2—2% lin. Tong, ae oe without

markings ie .- (10) parvulus,

Corona-lobes shorter to tries si the anthers iia

closely incumbent upon them, crossing or very

slightly upeurved at the tips:

Corolla-lobes 5-9 lin. long:

Corolla pale yellow or dull , Scent gaat without

markings ues (4) Pillansii.

Corolla yellow, ochreous or he tisiahs yellow: dated,

spotted or transversely marked all over with

blood-red or purple :

Crest of corona-lobes entire or subdenticulate at

the dorsal margin, not tuberculate or —

on the top... (8) geminatus.

Crest of corona-lobes ‘eteenake or + Scdiak at the

dorsal margin, tuberculate or with isesits on

the top ; (4) Pillansii, var. £.

Corolla yellow or side ecatiaw dotted with

dark purple-brown; crest of corona-lobes

toothed at the rather acute-edged dorsal

margin, with slight ridges on the top ... (5) decorus.

‘Corolla dark crimson? or purple with greenish-

yellow transverse lines and markings on the

basal part ae a ony 3 ... (4) Pillansii, var. +.

Corolla-lobes 34-44 lin. long :

Corolla pale pinkish-purple, finely saad with

pale yellow transverse lines ; corona eae

without markings ee as as (6) disparilis.

Corolla yellow and marked all over with etépliahs-

crimson spots or transverse lines, or pale or

dark purplish-crimson with yellow or creamy-

white transverse lines on the basal part ;

corona um od fe tt with tae en abs

markings a ..- (7) fotidus and vars,

Corolla-lobes 23-34 lin. bine whitish h sped with

dark purple-brown sod (9) comptus.

See also Stapelia fasciculata, Thunb., which may belong to this genus.

‘1. P. punctatus (R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soe. i. 23) ; stems decum-

bent or ascending, 1-2 in. long, $—} in. thick, oblong or somewhat

clavate, very obtusely 4-angled, with 4—5 small tubercle-like teeth

along each angle, glabrous, dull green ; flowers 2-4 together above

the middle of the stems, erect ; pedicels 4-1 in. long, glabrous,

purplish ; sepals lanceolate, acute, glabrous ; corolla with a distinct

shortly campanulate tube 14-2 lin. long ; lobes about 4 lin. long,

1} lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, spreading, papillate (puberulous ?)

on the inner face, whitish (faintly tinged with pink according to

the figure), dotted | with blood-red. cas Hort. Brit, ed. 1, 2785

1018 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [ Piaranthus.

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 113; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 650 ; N. E.

Br. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. 163, and Gard. Chron. 1879, xii. 9.

P. punctata, Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 9. _Stapelia punctata, Masson,

Stap. 18, t. 24; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1289, Pers. Syn. Pl. 1. 279 ; Pour.

Encyel. vii. 386; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 92; Link, Enum. Pl.

Hort. Berol. i. 258; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 841; Dietr. Syn. Pi.

ii. 887. Obesia ? punctata, Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 43. Caralluma

punctata, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 478.

Western Recon: Little Namaqualand, Masson.

Only known to me from Masson’s figure and description.

2. P. cornutus (N. E. Br.); stems procumbent or ascending,

4-14 in. long, 4-2 in. thick, globose or oblong, very obtusely

4-angled, with 3-5 tubercle-like teeth along the angles, greyish- or

glaucous-green ; flowers in pairs above the middle or at the tips of

the stems, erect ; pedicels }-3 in. long, glabrous ; sepals § in. long,

lanceolate, acute, glabrous ; corolla very deeply lobed, without a

distinct tube ; lobes about 5 lin. long, 14 lin. broad at the base,

lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous on the back, velvety-puberulous on

the inner face, very pale yellowish or whitish, dotted with purple

(or crimson); corona-lobes about 1 lin. long, narrowly linear-

lanceolate or lanceolate-subulate, incumbent at the base upon the

backs of the anthers and produced beyond them into connivent-

erect acute tips, dorsally produced at the base into a subquadrate

crest, truncate and tuberculate-denticulate at the top, yellow, with-

out markings. P. decorus? N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. under

t, 1924,

Var. 8, grandis (N. E. Br.); corolla-lobes 6-7 lin. long, colour unknown ;

otherwise as in the type.

Sone Rearon: Var. 8: Victoria West Div. ; near Victoria West, Barkly,

25 bis !

Western Recion: Little Namaqualand, Barkly, 25 !

This is one of the plants which in Hook. Ic. Pl. under t. 1924, I referred

doubtfully to P. decorus, but upon comparison with that species I now find that

the corona is quite different.

3. P. geminatus (N. E. Br. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. 163);

stems procumbent or decumbent, 1-1} in. long, }—} in. thick, very

obtusely or obscurely 4-angled with about 4 minute teeth } lin. long

along each angle, glabrous, light green ; flowers in pairs or solitary —

(rarely 3 or 4 together) at the tips of the stems ; pedicels }-} in.

long, glabrous; sepals 14-2 lin. long, ovate or ovate-lanceolate,

acuminate, glabrous; corolla 1-1} in. in diam., rotate, without a

tube ; lobes widely spreading, 5-7 lin. long, about 2 lin. broad at the

base, lanceolate or gradually tapering to the acute apex, with

revolute margins, glabrous on the back, velvety-puberulous all over

_ the inner face, not ciliate, yellow, dotted with blood-red ; corona

Piaranthus. | ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 1019

lobes about 1 lin. long, linear-lanceolate or narrowly-oblong, acute

or slightly toothed at the apex, closely incumbent upon the backs

of the anthers and shortly exceeding them but not connivent-erect,

dorsally produced at the base into a spreading crest entire or

minutely subdenticulate at the dorsal margin, flat or nearly so and

not tuberculate on the top, the entire corona appearing (viewed

from above) like a star with 5 short rounded lobes connected at the

base, yellow. N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1879, xii. 9; K. Schum.

in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 277. Stapelia geminata,

Masson, Stap. 18, t. 25; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1290, and Enum. Pl. Hort.

Berol. 282; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 280; Poir. Encyel. vii. 386 ; R. Br. in

Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 25; Jacq. Stap. t. 16; Bot. Mag. t. 1326 ; Lodd.

Bot. Cab. t. 300; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 92 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg.

vi. 42; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 257; Spreng. Syst. Veg.

i. 840; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 886; Decne in DOC. Prodr. viii. 661.

Obesia geminata, Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ, 42 ; Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 1,

278; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 121. Podanthes geminata, Nicholson,

Dict. Gard. iti. 172. Caralluma geminata, Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1898, 478.

Sourn Arrica: withont locality, Masson, cultivated specimens in Herb. Kew. !

and Herb, Haworth ! .

Described from a specimen cultivated in 1813, probably introduced by Masson.

4. P. Pillansii (N. E. Br.); tufted ; stems 1-1} in. long, 5-8 lin.

thick, decumbent, oblong or somewhat clavate-oblong, very obtusely

4- (rarely 5-) angled or subcylindric, glabrous, dull light green,

mottled or tinted with dull purple, angles not or scarcely tubercu-

late, with very minute apiculus-like teeth, having a more minute

tooth on each side at the base; flowers usually in pairs at the

middle or upper part of the young stems, erect; pedicels 4-3 in.

long, glabrous ; sepals } in. long, lanceolate, acute, glabrous ; corolla

rotate, lobed nearly to the base, 1}—1} in. in diam.; lobes very

spreading, 1-2 in. long, about 2-2} lin. broad at the base, narrowly

lanceolate, acute, convex from the margins being recurved, glabrous

on the back, very shortly velvety-puberulous on the inner face, not

ciliate, dull greenish-yellow or pale yellow without spots ; corona-

lobes rather more than 1 lin. long, closely incumbent upon the

backs of the anthers and exceeding them, with their tips crossing

each other but not becoming erect, lanceolate, acute, entire or some-

what 3-toothed at the apex, produced at the base into a truncate or

very obtuse dorsal crest, minutely tuberculate or with ridges on the

top, and the dorsal margin neither acute-edged nor toothed, yellow,

without markings.

Var. 8, inconstans (N. E. Br.); corolla 14-14 in. in diam. ; lobes 7-9 lin.

long, 2 lin. broad at the base, narrowly lanceolate or lanceolate-attenuate, densely

_ dotted or transversely marked with light purple on an ochreous ground, sometimes

a 80 minutely as to look light pinkish-brown ; tips of the corona-lobes not crossing an

the dorsal margin of the crest sometimes 2d ; otherwise as in the type.

1020 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [Piaranthus.

Var. y, fuscatus (N. E. Br.) ; corolla 14-14 in. in diam. ; lobes about $ in. long,

2% lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, dark purple (or dark crimson ?) with very

numerous slender irregular transverse and labyrinthine greenish-yellow lines and

markings ; tips of the corona-lobes not crossing each other ; otherwise as in the

type.

Coast Reaton: Oudtshoorn Div. ; hills near Oudtshoorn, Pillans, 691 !

Willowmore Div. ; near Willowmore, Murloth, 4376! Var. B: Oudtshoorn Div. ;

hills near Oudtshoorn, Pillans! Var. y: Oudtshoorn Div. ; nine miles along the

road from Oudtshoorn to George, Pillans, 686 !

According to Dr. Marloth ‘‘ the flowers have a strong scent of Valerian.” Partly

described from flowers in fluid.

5. P. decorus (N. E. Br. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. 163) ; stems

decumbent, 1-1} in. long, or under cultivation sometimes very much

longer, }—? in. thick, obscurely or very obtusely 4-angled, oblong,

with 3-5 small tubercle-like teeth along each angle, glabrous,

greyish-green, or under cultivation green, slightly glaucous ; flowers

in pairs above the middle of the stems, erect ; pedicels 4—} in. long ;

sepals about 14 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate,

glabrous ; corolla 1-1} in. in diam., rotate, without a distinct tube,

lobed to 3 of the way down ; lobes 5-6 lin. long, 2 lin. broad at the

base, lanceolate, acute, with revolute margins at the apical part,

glabrous on the back, velvety-puberulous on the inner face, not

ciliate, yellowish, dotted with dark purple-brown ; corona-lobes

about 1 lin. long, closely incumbent upon the backs of the anthers

and shorter than or slightly exceeding them, lanceolate or ovate,

varying (even in the same flower) from acute to irregularly toothed

at the apex, dorsally produced at the base into a short transversely

rectangular crest, truncate or irregularly toothed at the rather

acute-edged dorsal margin, with slight ridges from the edge to the

inflexed part of the lobe, yellow, not spotted. P. serrulatus,

N. E. Br. lc., and P. decorus and P. serrulatus, N. E. Br. in Gard.

Chron. 1879, xii. 9. ' P. decorus, K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl,

Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 277. Stapelia decora, Masson, Stap. 19, t. 26 ;

Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1290; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 280 ; Poir. Encyel. vii. 387

Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 93 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 42 ; Spreng. Syst.

Veg. i. 840 ; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 886; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 661 ;

Loud. Encyel. Pl. 200, fig. 3332. 8. serrulata, Jacq. Stap. t. ifs

Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 286 ; Poir. Encycl. Suppl. v._ 234;

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 47; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 840 ; Link, Enum.

Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 257 ; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 886 ; Deene in DC. Prodr.

viii. 658. Obesia decora, Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 43 ; Sweet, Hort. Brit.

ed. 1, 278; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 121. 0. serrulata, Sweet, Hort.

Brit. ed. 1,278. Orbea decora, Steud. Nom. ed. 2, ii. 222. Caralluma

decora and C. serrulata, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 478. Carun-

cularia? serrulata, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 122. Caruncularia serrata,

Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 658 (wrongly quoted as Haw, by Decne).

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Masson, cultivated specimen !

_ Described from a specimen cultivated in 1813 (probably introduced by Masson),

in which T find that whilst most of the eorona-lobes are entire at the apex, some of

Piaranthus.| ASCLEPIADE4 (Brown). 1021

them are toothed, as represented in Jacquin’s figure of Stapelia serrulata, and |

have no doubt that that plant and S, decora, Masson, are one species. As Jacquin

received from England many of Masson’s plants this may have been one of them.

6. P. disparilis (N. E. Br.) ; stems not seen, “ almost cylindrical,

same colour as the flowers” (Pillans), probably similar to those of

P. comptus or P. geminatus ; pedicels 4-4 in. long, glabrous ; sepals

1 lin. long, lanceolate, acuminate, recurved at the tips, glabrous ;

corolla rotate, without a distinct tube, 9-10 lin. in expanse ; lobes

1 in. long, 13 lin. broad at the base, lanceolate, acuminate, convex

from the margins being slightly recurved, glabrous on the back,

velvety-puberulous on the inner face, not ciliate, “pale pinkish-

purple, finely marked with transverse pale yellow lines” (Pillans) ;

corona-lobes 3 lin. long, closely incumbent upon the backs of the

anthers and shortly exceeding them, with the tips very slightly

turned up, yellow, without markings, lanceolate or linear-oblong,

entire or more or less distinctly 3-toothed at the apex, with the

middle tooth much the longest and acute, dorsally produced at the

base into a subquadrate crest, truncate and distinctly toothed

at the top.

Cenrran Recron: Laingsburg Div. ; under bushes between Ladismith and

Laingsburg, Pillans, 57! 617!

The flowers of this species are similar to those of P. Pillansii, but are very much

smaller and the crest of the corona-lobes is distinctly toothed, not merely minutely

tuberculate. They emit an “odour like bad vinegar,” according to Mr. Pillans.

7. P. fetidus (N. E. Br.) ; stems tufted, }-1} (or under cultiva-

tion up to 24) in. long, 1-3 in. thick, oblong, ovoid or globose

obtusely and sometimes indistinctly 4—5-angled, tuberculate-toothed

with the tubercles tipped with a small acute apiculus having a

minute tooth on each side at its base, glabrous, green to grey-green,

clouded or mottled with dull purple where exposed to the sun ;

flowers 1-6 (but often 2) together near the top or at the middle of

the stems, sometimes opening in pairs ; pedicels }--j in. long, erect,

glabrous ; sepals 14-2 lin. long, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate,

acuminate, with recurved tips, glabrous ; corolla ovoid to subglobose

in bud, 7-11 lin. in diam. when fully expanded, rotate, without a

distinct tube, glabrous and green or tinted with purplish on the

back, evenly pubescent and neatly marked all over the inner face

with short transverse purplish-crimson lines or lines and spots on a

yellow ground, or sometimes the tips of the lobes are almost entirely

purplish-crimson ; lobes 34-4} lin. long, 1}-25 lin. broad, ovate or

ovate-lanceolate, acute, convex above, concave beneath, from the

recurving margins, usually without but sometimes with a sparse

ciliation of clavate vibratile hairs; corona-lobes 1-1} lin. long,

closely incumbent upon the backs of the anthers, and equalling or

shortly exceeding them, linear-lanceolate to oblanceolate, acute,

entire or minutely denticulate at the apex, with raised lines and ~

minute tubercles on the back, dorsally dilated at the base into a

1022 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [Piaranthus.

subquadrate crest, truncate and denticulate-tuberculate on the top,

deep orange-yellow, with the margins, the raised lines on the back

and the tubercles of the crest all dark purple-brown, odour very

strong, carrion-like, penetrating and perceptible at a short distance

from the plant.

Var. 8, multipunctatus (N. E. Br.); corolla-lobes marked all over with small

rounded dark purplish-crimson dots, otherwise as in the type.

Var. y, pallidus (N. E. Br.); corolla-lobes pale purple with creamy-white

transverse lines and spots on the basal two-thirds, otherwise as in the type.

Var. 6, purpureus (N. E. Br.); corolla-lobes bright deep purplish-crimson,

with faint dull yellow transverse markings on the basal half, otherwise as in the

type.

Var. e, diversus (N. E. Br.) ; corolla-lobes dark purplish-crimson, with creamy-

yellow transverse lines and spots on the basal two-thirds ; pubescence on the

lower two-thirds of the lobes consisting of short greyish hairs and on the apical

part of much longer dark purple simple and slightly clavate hairs mixed ;

otherwise as in the type.

Coast Recion: Bedford Div. ; nine miles east-south-east of Bedford, Pillans,

165! Var. 8: from the same locality growing with the type, Pillans, 185!

CentRaL Reaion: Graaff Reinet Div.; ‘‘ Wheatlands,” Pillans, 697! 699!

near Graaff Reinet, cultivated specimen! Var. 8B: Graaff Reinet Div. ; ‘* Wheat-

lands,” Pillans, 695! Vars. y toe: Graaff Reinet Div. ; western aspects across

the Sundays River, east of Graaff Reinet; var. y, Pillans, 111! var. 5, Pillans,

690! ‘‘ Wheatlands,” Pillans, 698! var. e, Pillans, 142!

in Ree@ion : Griqualand West ; Griquatown, Thompson in Herb, Pillans,

This species is very variable in coloration, the above being some of the chief

variations,

~ The type is described from a living plant which flowered with me in 1878, sent

to Kew by Dr. Bolus.

8. P. pulcher (N. E. Br.); stems tufted, }—1 in. (or more?) long,

3-—} in. thick, subglobose or oblong, obtusely 4-angled, with small

tubercle-like teeth, glabrous, greyish-green or somewhat glaucous ;

flowers 1-4 (often 2) together, near the middle or tips of the stems ;

pedicels erect, 3-6 lin. long, stout, thickened upwards, glabrous ;

sepals 2 lin. long, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ; corolla

subrotate, without a distinct tube, 3 in. in diam., glabrous and dull

greenish-brown on the back, inner face velvety-pubescent with

white and purple hairs, bright clear greenish-yellow, marked all

over with small rounded dark purple-brown spots; lobes not

spreading horizontally, 44-5 lin. long, 2 lin. broad at the base,

thence tapering in a nearly straight line to the apex, with revolute

margins ; corona-lobes 1 lin. or rather more in length, linear-

subulate, incumbent on the backs of and much exceeding the

anthers, with short subdenticulate acute connivent-erect tips,

dorsally produced at the base into a quadrate crest, flat and

papillate on the top, clear deep yellow, without markings. =

_ Sours Avrica: without locality, but possibly from Colesberg Div., Shaw

__-_Deseribed from a living plant sent to me by Dr. Shaw in 1876.

Piaranthus.] ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 1023

9. P. comptus (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1924, B); stems

tufted, erect or decumbent, #—1 (or under cultivation up to 3) in.

long, 4—7 lin. thick, obtusely 4-angled, with the teeth along the angles

tubercle-like, apiculate, sometimes rather obscure, dull green or

greyish-green, subglaucous ; flowers 1-4 (often 2) together, between

the angles, near or at the apex or sometimes near the middle of the

stem, erect; pedicels 2—6 lin. long, glabrous ; sepals #—14 lin. long,

ovate or lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ; corolla rotate, 7-9 lin. in

diam., glabrous and dull greenish or greenish-brown outside, shortly

pubescent all over the inner face, not ciliate, whitish, marked all

over with small round dark purple-brown spots; disk flattish ;

lobes 24-3} lin. long, 2 lin. broad at the base, ovate-lanceolate,

acute or acuminate, slightly convex from the margins being slightly

recurved ; corona-lobes closely incumbent on the backs of the

anthers and not prolonged beyond them, }~1 lin. long, linear or

linear-lanceolate, acute, obtuse or subdenticulate at the apex,

dorsally expanded at the base into a truncate minutely tuberculate

or more or less bifid crest, with or without a small warted tubercle

between the teeth at the top, entirely yellow or dotted with purple-

brown ; odour somewhat sour, only perceptible close to the flower.—

K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 277. Caralluma

compta, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 479.

Var. f, ciliatus (N. E. Br.); corolla-lobes ciliate with vibratile clavate hairs,

otherwise as in the type.

CentraL Reaton: Beaufort West Div.; near the Gamka River, Burke!

Zeyher, 1145! Prince Albert Div. ; near Prince Albert, Marloth, 4586! Karoo at

Grootfontein, Dickson! Barkly, 58! 71! 73! Pillans, 91! and_ cultivated

specimens! Var. 8: Prince Albert Div. ; Grootfontein, Pillans, 186! Laingsburg

Div. ; near Laingsburg, Chalwin ! :

Western Recion: Little Namaqualand, Herb. Pillans, 90!

Described from living plants.

10. P. parvulus (N. E. Br.) ; stems decumbent or ascending, {—-1

in. long, 4-7 lin. thick, oblong or ovoid-oblong, obtusely 4-angled,

with 3-5 tubercle-like apiculate teeth $-1} lin. long along each angle,

greyish-green or perhaps slightly glaucous (sometimes dull light

green under cultivation), tinged or mottled with purple; flowers

gradually developing up to 12 in number from the same point, but

seldom more than 2 or 3 open together in the same fascicle, often

2-3 fascicles to a stem, at the middle or top; pedicels erect, }—} in.

long, rather slender, glabrous ; sepals } lin. long, lanceolate, acute,

glabrous ; corolla rotate, without a distinct tube, 5-6 lin. in diam. ;

lobes very spreading, 2-24 lin. long, 1-1} lin, broad at the base,

deltoid-lanceolate, acute, glabrous on the back, velvety-puberulous

on the inner face, not ciliate ; straw-yellow, without spots ; corona-

lobes 3-1 lin. long, much overtopping the staminal column, in some

= plants connivent with recurved-hooked tips, in others erect with the

1024 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Piaranthus.

upwards or outwards and then inwards, acute or irregularly

2~-3-toothed at the apex, with a thick convex or truncate dorsal

crest at their base, minutely tuberculate all over its top.

Cenrrat Recton: Laingsburg Div.; near Matjesfontein, Pillans, 130! three

miles south-west of Laingsburg, Pillans, 672! Prince Albert Div. ; near

Grootfontein, Pillans. :

ll. P. grivanus (N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1924, A);

branches 14-2 in. high, forking in all directions ; branchlets

scarcely angular but rather composed of aggregated tubercles, with

a white spine at the end of the teeth” (Barkly) ; according to

Miss Barkly’s drawing the stems are 4-angled, with 3-4 conical

finely pointed teeth 2-3 lin. long along each angle ; flowers solitary

(always?) in the grooves between the angles below the middle of the

stems; pedicels not seen, “very short ” (Barkly) ; sepals 24 to

nearly 3 lin. long, 1 lin. broad at the base, ovate, acuminate, with

recurved tips, glabrous ; corolla “ somewhat campanulate, a full inch

from point to point, interior deep purple, almost black, with rough

strie across ; exterior nearly as green as the calyx, streaked with

dark perpendicular stripes” (Barkly) ; in the only dried flower seen

it is about 3 in. in diam., with a short and apparently broadly cam-

panulate or cup-shaped tube, and deltoid-acute lobes 3-35 lin. long

and 23-3 lin. broad at the base, glabrous on both sides and not

ciliate ; corona-lobes about 2 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad, ovate (not

quite as figured), acuminate, closely incumbent upon the backs of the

anthers and exceeding them, dorsally produced at the base into a

short transverse crest, which is apparently flattened on the top and

slightly crenate on the subtruncate hind margin, “ reddish-brown C

(Barkly). K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 277.

Caralluma grivana, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 479.

Katanart Recion: Griqualand West ; Griva, Arnot, 6 (Barkly, 11)!

I have only seen one flower of this rather remarkable species, the rest of the

description being compiled from the figure and description sent to Kew by Sir

Henry Barkly in 1876, the plant not having been refound since then. Possibly

when better known it may have to be removed from this genus.

LIM, DUVALIA, Haw.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla rotate, deeply 5-lobed, with the disk

raised into a cushion-like ring (annulus) around and supporting

the outer corona and its margin reflexed ; lobes narrowly linear-

lanceolate to ovate, folded longitudinally backwards (replicate) into

vertical plates or the basal half more or less expanded. Corona

double, arising near the top of the staminal column, stipitate ;

outer corona flat, entire, more or less pentagonal rarely 10-angled, —

resting on the rim of or on the sides of the cup formed by the

Duvalia. | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 1025

each end, subhorizontal with the dorsal point usually somewhat

raised and the inner closely incumbent on the backs of the anthers

and sometimes longer than them, but not produced into erect points.

Stamens arising at the base of the corolla, united into a tube around

the ovary and adnate to the dilated part of the style; anthers

without a terminal appendage, inflexed on the table-like top of the

style. Pollen-masses solitary in each anther-cell, horizontal or

ascending, pellucid on one margin, attached by very short broad

caudicles to lateral wing-like expansions of the pollen-carrier.

Follicles erect, smooth. Seeds with a tuft of hairs at one end.

Succulent leafless herbs of very dwarf habit; stems decumbent or erect, in

many of the species occasionally subterranean, with the tips rising to the surface,

4-6-angled, with spreading teeth, each tooth tipped with a minute deltoid-ovate

or subulate acute rudimentary leaf, having a minute denticle (stipule) on each side

at its base ; flowers in small clusters or‘eymes near the base or middle of the young

stems, sometimes solitary.

DistriB. Species about 16, mostly South African, 1 in Tropical Africa and 1 in

Arabia,

Corolla-lobes (at least at the base) and annulus pubescent

on the inner face :

Corolla-lobes 23-5 lin. long, with a soft villous

pubescence 1-1} lin. long ... ; as (4) elegans

and vars.

Corolla-lobes 3-54 lin. long, with a pubescence 4-4 lin.

long ... ste gt yh ie na ... (6) pubescens

and var.

Corolla-lobes glabrous on the inner face : ‘

Corolla-lobes ciliate with long clavate vibratile hairs,

which easily become detached and are often

absent from dried specimens :

Annulus covered with soft spreading purple hairs

1-24 lin. long ; corolla 1}-2 in. in diam. «+ (3) Corderoyi.

Annulus varying from almost glabrous to distinctly

puberulous on the rim with hairs }-} lin. long ;

corolla $-1} in. in diam. :

Stems 6-angled ; corolla-lobes expanded and about

4-5 lin. broad at the base, very smooth and

shining ... a ion ies eee ag

Stems 4-5-angled ; corolla-lobes replicate from

base to apex into vertical plates ..» eve (8) reclinata.

Corolla-lobes ciliate with clavate fixed or but slightly

vibratile and non-clavate hairs mixed _..... .-» (9) hirtella vars.

Corolla-lobes ciliate (at least at the base) with non-clavate

fixed hairs only, which are sometimes minute and

scarcely visible except under a lens :

Corolla-lobes expanded and 4-5 lin. broad at the

base ; outer corona light yellow... aie --» (2) Pillansii.

Corolla-lobes openly replicate and 14-2} lin. across

at the base, replicate into vertical plates at the

apex ; outer corona reddish-brown a ... (5) modesta.

Corolla-lobes closely replicate to the base in

(1) polita.

| ae

1026 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [ Duvalia.

Corolla cream-colour, with pale purple tips to the

2-2 lin.-long lobes ; cilia minute... ... (18) parviflora.

Corolla-lobes apparently olive-brown or purple-

brown, 23-33 lin. long; annulus whitish,

spotted all over with purple-brown; cilia

minute ... a an Pe ott ... (12) maculata.

Corolla entirely dark chocolate or with a greenish

or ochreous ring or markings on the rim of

the annulus just around the outer corona :

Outer and inner corona white; annulus 14-1?

lin. in diam. ; lobes 3-1 lin. deep, with

scarcely perceptible cilia... abe ... (14) angustiloba,

Outer corona green; annulus 24 lin. in diam. ;

lobes 1 lin. deep, with distinct cilia ... (7) cespitosa.

Outer corona brownish-red or with yellowish

angles :

Corolla-lobes 4-54 lin. long; cilia usually

distinct ... ies ee coe ... (9) hirtella.

Corolla-lobes 3-4 lin. long; cilia always

minute... cm Wie ... (11) compacta.

Corolla-lobes entirely without cilia (see also above, in

some of which they may easily be overlooked),

closely replicate to the base into vertical plates

13-2 lin. deep yee care. oe ... (10) radiata.

1. D. polita (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1876, vi. 130) ; stems

rather elongated, lax, decumbent, 14-24 in. long, about } in. thick,

obtusely 6-angled, with subulate-pointed teeth 24-4 lin. long ;

flowers 3-4 together, successively developed ; pedicels about 1 in.

long, rather slender, purplish ; sepals about } in. long, lanceolate-

subulate, dingy green ; corolla 1-14 in, in diam., dull green on the

back, rich purplish-chocolate on the inner face, very smooth and

shining on the basal 2 of the lobes, not shining elsewhere ; lobes

erectly spreading, 4—5 lin. long and nearly as broad, ovate, acumi-

nate, with the sides but slightly folded back, glabrous on both

sides, ciliate on the basal half with vibratile clavate purple hairs

2 lin. long ; annulus about 1 in. in diam. and 1 lin. high, pentagonal,

minutely puberulous ; outer corona 24 lin. in diam., pentagonal,

chocolate-red ; inner corona-lobes dull orange-red. Bot. Mag. t. 6245 ;

K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 277 ; Schlechter —

in Journ. Bot. 1898, 477. D. dentata, N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin,

1895, 265, and in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 502.

Sourn Arrica? without locality or name of collector, eultivated specimens !

Also in Tropical Africa,

Described from a living plant. This now appears to be lost to cultivation. See

also 16, D. transvaalensis, Schlechter. When I described D. dentata I had unfor-

tunately entirely overlooked D. polita.

2. D. Pillansii (N. E. Br.) ; stems }-2 in. long, }—} in. thick, —

ovoid to oblong, obtusely 4—6-angled ; angles with conical acute —

tubercle-like teeth 14-2 lin. long ; flowers 2-3 together, successively

_ developed near the middle of the young stems; pedicels usually

Duvalia.] ASCLEPIADEH (Brown). 1027

about } (rarely up to 4) in. long; sepals 1-1} lin. long, ovate or

ovate-lanceolate, acuminate ; corolla in bud deeply and acutely

5-lobed at the flat and rather thin basal part, abruptly acuminate

into a very acute 5-grooved cone, when expanded 1-1} in. in diam.,

dark chocolate passing into light purple on the top of the annulus

and fading into a narrow white ring around the corona; lobes

ascending-spreading, with recurving tips, 4-5 lin. long and as much

in breadth at the base, broadly deltoid-ovate with the sides but

slightly folded back at the base, rather abruptly acuminate and

replicate at the apical part, glabrous on both sides, ciliate on the

basal half with fine simple purple hairs 1-1} lin. long ; annulus

1-11} lin. high and 34—4 lin. in diam. at the top, with the sides

much sloping outwards, obscurely pentagonal, glabrous ; outer

corona about 2} lin. in diam., pentagonal, light canary-yellow as

are also the inner corona-lobes.

Var. B, albanica (N. E. Br.); corolla-lobes suberect ; annulus slightly raised

above the margin of the outer corona.

Coast Recion: Var. 8: Albany Div. ; vicinity of Grahamstown, Pillans, 19!

and cultivated specimen !

Centra Recon : Aberdeen Div. ; near Aberdeen Road, Pillans, 42!

Described from a living plant, and flowers preserved in fluid.

3. D. Corderoyi (N. E. Br. in Bot. Mag. under t. 6245) ; stems

4-1} in. long, about } in. thick, globose or oblong, with 6 very

obtuse or somewhat obscure tuberculate-dentate angles, dull green,

tinged with purple where exposed to the sun ; flowers 2-4 together

at about the middle or near the base of the young stems ; pedicels

4-1 in. long, 1 lin. thick ; sepals 2-2} lin. long, lanceolate, acute,

glabrous ; corolla 14-2 in. in diam. ; lobes very spreading, }—} in.

long, sometimes closely replicate for 3 of their length with the

basal part expanded, sometimes closely replicate only at the tips

and openly at the other part, glabrous, ciliate along the basal 3

with long vibratile clavate purple hairs, light or dull olive-green,

tinged towards the tips with darker, or dull reddish-brown, some-

times with a faint green tint ; annulus 5-6 lin. in diam., obscurely

5-angled, densely covered with long soft purple hairs ; outer corona

3-3} lin. in diam., pentagonal, dull brick-red, paler at the angles ;

inner corona-lobes ovoid, dorsally obtuse, with the inner apex

narrowed into a short linear point, buff-coloured. N. E. Br. in

Hook. Ic. Pl. under t. 1925; K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl,

Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 277; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 477.

Stapelia Corderoyi, Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 6082.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, cultivated specimens |

_ Cenrrat Recion: Middelburg Div. ; near Conway, Pillans, 191! Aliwal North

Diy. ; near the Orange River, Burke!

Described from living plants. This is one of the finest species of the genus, it

seems to vary considerably in the colour of the corolla-lobes, and I have seen both

colours described above upon the same plant ; in the Botanical Magazine the

colour is far too bright and the bud is a total misrepresentation. a

ee 3 u%

1028 ASCLEPIADES (Brown). [ Duvalia.

4. D. elegans (Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 44); stems decumbent and

ascending, sometimes descending under the ground, ?~1? in. long,

4-6 lin. thick, oblong, with 4-5 obtuse tuberculate-denticulate

angles, glabrous, dull green or purplish-tinted ; flowers 2-3 together

near the base of the stems, developing successively ; pedicels

5-10 lin. long, glabrous; sepals 1~14 lin. long, lanceolate, acute,

glabrous ; corolla 4-3 in. in diam., rather flat, dark purple-brown,

shining, pilose all over the inner face with rather long soft purple

hairs 1-14 lin. long, glabrous on the back ; lobes 24-3 lin. long,

13-21 lin. broad at the base, ovate or deltoid-ovate, acute or shortly

acuminate, flattish at the basal part, slightly replicate towards the

apex ; annulus not very evident, scarcely raised above the level of

the fold of the lobes; outer corona 24-2} lin. in diam., almost

covering the annulus, nearly circular, obscurely pentagonal or rarely

shortly 5-lobed, nearly flat, dark red-brown ; inner corona-lobes pale

brownish-yellow. G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 121; N. E. Br. in Hook.

Tec. Pl. wnder t. 1925; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 476. D.

jacquiniana, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 1, 276; G. Don, lec. 121;

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 476. Stapelia elegans, Masson, Stap.

19, t. 27; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1282; Pers, Syn. Pl. i. 278 ; Poir. Eneyel.

Meth. vii. 381, and in Dict. Sc. Nat. 1. 391; Bot. Mag. t. 1184;

Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 88; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 44; Lodd.

Bot. Cab. t. 1651; Deene in DO. Prodr. viii. 662. 8S. radiata,

Jacq. Stap. t. 12; Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 285; Poir. Encyel.

Suppl. v. 234: Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 884; Hornem. Hort. Bot. Hafn.

ii, Suppl. 30; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 837, not of Sims or Link. S.

jacquiniana, Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 45; Deene in DOC. Prodr. viii.

662. 8. Jacquini, Loud. Encycl. Pl. 202.

Var. 8, seminuda (N. E. Br.) ; stems 2~4 in. long ; corolla having a frosted

appearance when viewed with a lens (Pillans) ; lobes without hairs on the apical

Fg Berea on the margins greyish, flat, wavy, the others purple ; otherwise as 10

e type. - ;

Var. y, namaquana (N. E. Br.); corolla-lobes 34-5 lin. long, replicate nearly

. bee base; annulus very distinctly raised above the level of the fold of

e lobes.

Soura Arrica: Karoo, cultivated specimens probably introduced by Masson !

and collector unknown !

Coast Recion: Robertson Div. ; near Ashton, Pillans,75! Var. B: Riversdale

Div. ; near Riversdale, Pillans, 682!

WesTERN Reaton: Var. y: Little Namaqualand, Barkly, 34!

Described from living plants. The type form of this plant (introduced by

Masson) is identical with the figure in the Botanical Magazine and Jacquin’s figure —

of Stapelia radiata. Jacquin received this plant from England under the

erroneous name of S, radiata and evidently had not seen the figure of the true

D, radiata (Stapelia radiata, Bot. Mag. t. 619) since he quotes no reference to

that species and also figures the latter as S. replicata. _

5. D. modesta (N. E. Br.) ; stems $—1 in. (or more ?) long, J} in.

thick, ovoid or oblong, with 4-5 obtuse tuberculate-toothed angles,

_ glabrous ; flowers 2-3 together at the middle of the young _

Duwalia.| ASCLEPIADE (Brown). 1029

developing successively ; pedicels 3-3 in. long, glabrous ; sepals

1-1} lin. long, lanceolate, acute, glabrous ; corolla $—? in. in diam.,

dark chocolate ; lobes 24-3 lin. long, with the margins closely repli-

cate at the apical half and reflexed-spreading at the basal part,

ovate when flattened out, acuminate, ciliate for half of their length

with soft fine simple purple hairs 4-1 lin. long, otherwise quite

glabrous ; annulus about 2} lin. in diam., } lin. high, obtusely

pentagonal, glabrous ; outer corona 14~2 lin. in diam., obtusely

pentagonal, apparently dark reddish-brown; inner corona-lobes

apparently reddish.

CENTRAL ReEciIon : Aberdeen Div, ; near Aberdeen Road, Pillans, 35! Somerset

Div. ; near Pearston, Pillans, 35!

6. D. pubescens (N. E. Br.); stems decumbent, 4-2 in. long,

3-3 in. thick, obtusely 4~5-angled, dull dark green ; angles with

horizontal stout conical teeth 1-2 lin. long ; flowers 2-4, successively

developed at the middle or upper part of the young stems ; pedicels

4-4 in. long, about 1 lin. thick ; sepals 1-1} lin. long, ovate, very

acute or acuminate ; corolla 3 to nearly 1 in. in diam., pubescent

on the whole of the inner face, but usually more densely on the

annulus than on the lobes, with short soft simple hairs }—} lin. long,

dark chocolate ; lobes very spreading, with recurved tips, 3-4 lin.

long, replicate to the base into vertical plates 1-14 lin. deep at the

base, not ciliate ; annulus 34—4 lin. in diam., 1-14 lin. high, very

obtusely or obscurely pentagonal, with vertical sides, and the sinuses

between the lobes reflexed to the pedicel ; outer corona 24-2} lin.

in diam., pentagonal, dull reddish-brown.

Var. B, major (N. E. Br.); flowers from near the tips of the stems ; pedicels

4-} in. long ; sepals 1 lin, long, lanceolate-attenuate ; corolla about 14 in. in

diam. ; lobes 5-54 lin. long, replicate into vertical plates 1 lin. deep, thinly

pubescent on the half, glabrous on the apical half ; otherwise as in the type.

Western Recion: Little Namaqualand, Ayres in Herb. Pillans, 94! also

cultivated specimen! Var. B: Little Namaqualand, Scully !

The type described from a living plant cultivated at Cambridge in 1881.

7. D. cespitosa (Haw. Syn. Pl. Suce. 45); stems 2-11 in. long,

5-7 lin. thick, ovoid or oblong, obtusely 4—5-angled, green ; angles

tuberculate-dentate ; flowers 1-2 together from the middle or near

the base of the young stems ; pedicels 4-5 lin. long, glabrous ; sepals

about 1 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, glabrous ; corolla 3-3 in. in

diam. ; lobes horizontally spreading, closely replicate to the base

into vertical plates, about 3-34 lin. long and 1 lin. in depth,

glabrous, ciliate on the basal half with very fine and rather long

simple purple hairs, dark chocolate ; annulus 2 lin. in diam. with a

microscopic puberulence, entirely dark chocolate, or according to

Jacquin, with a green ring around the outer corona; outer corona

. gee lin. in diam., pentagonal, ; inner corona-lobes yellowish.

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 121; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 476.

Stapelia ceespitosa, Masson, Stap. 20, t. 29; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1282,

1030 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). | Duwalia.

and Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 286; Jacq. Stap. t. 11; Pers. Syn. Pi. i

278; Poir. Encycl. Meth. vii. 381, and in Dict. Se. Nat. 1. 391; Ait.

Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 88 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 44 ; Link, Enum. Pl.

Hort. Berol. i. 257 ; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 837; Dietr. Syn. Pl. 884 ;

Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 662.

Sourm Arica: Karoo region, Masson, cultivated specimens dated 1806, 1812,

1813 (probably from plants introduced by Masson), in Herb. Haworth | and Herb.

Kew. !

The flowers as figured by Jacquin appear to be too large. This species has not

been refound since Masson introduced it, and appears not to exist in cultivation.

8. D. reclinata (Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 44); stems }-3 in. (up to

4 in., Masson, and sometimes up to 1 ft., Jacquin) long, 5-6 lin.

thick, with 4-5 obtuse tuberculate-toothed angles, dull green ;

flowers 1-3 together near the base or middle of the young stems ;

pedicels 4-1 in. long ; sepals 14-2} lin. long, lanceolate-attenuate ;

corolla 7-11 in. in diam., dark chocolate or with the rim of the

annulus around the corona greenish, rather shining ; lobes 4-54 lin.

long, very spreading, replicate to the base into vertical plates

14-2 lin. deep, fringed on the basal half with vibratile clavate

purple hairs 1-1} lin. long, otherwise glabrous ; annulus 34-4 lin.

in diam. and about 1} lin. high, obtusely pentagonal, glabrous, pube-

rulous or very shortly pubescent on the rim; outer corona obtusely

pentagonal, orange-brown or dull brownish-red ; inner corona-lobes

dull orange or brownish-orange. G@. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 121;

N. E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. under t. 1925; Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1898, 476. D. propinqua, Berger in Monatsschr. Kakt. 1904, 24.

Stapelia reclinata, Masson, Stap. 19, t. 28; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1282,

and Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 285; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 278; Pow.

Encycl. Meth. vii. 380; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 88; Jacq. Stap.

t. 14; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 43; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol.

i. 257; Spreng. Syst. i. 837 ; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 884; Decne in DC.

Prodr. viii. 662 ; Loud. Encycl. Pl. 200, fig. 3333. S. radiata, Link,

Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 257, not of Sims nor Jacq.

Var. B, bifida (N. E. Br.) ; annulus very shortly pubescent with purple hairs

oc the rim ; inner corona-lobes often bifid at the inner apex ; otherwise as 10 the

ype. ;

Var. y, angulata (N. E. Br.); corolla-lobes about 4 in. long, replicate into

vertical plates 1} lin. deep; annulus 1 lin. high, obtusely 5-angled, of a lighter

purple-brown than the lobes, with 5 small straw-coloured patches around the outer

corona (Pillans), minutely pubescent all over the rim; outer corona wl

10 distinct angles and 10 flat sides between them, ‘‘straw-colour tinted with

purple; inner corona rich cream colour” (Pillans); ciliation and all other

characters as in the type. :

Soutn Arrica:. without locality, cultivated specimens ! 7 :

- cone Reoion; Var. y: Ladismith Div. ; without precise locality, Pillans,

_ Centra Recon: Somerset Div. ; Karoo, Barkly, 51! 67 ! around Somerset

East, MacOwan, 2232! Barkly, 53! Graaff Reinet Div. ; hills near Graaff Reinet, —

2600 ft., Bolus, 54! Aberdeen Div. ; near Aberdeen Road, Pillans, 37! Var. B*

Somerset Div. ; Glen Avon Estate near Somerset East, Pillans, 27! 0

Duvalia, | ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). 1031

The stems as figured by Jacquin are very abnormal and entirely due to some

condition of cultivation, being excessively ‘‘drawn up;” usually when grown

under glass they are about #-14 in. long, but some years I have had them grow to

a length of 3 in. or perhaps more; if grown in the open air they do not attain

such a length. I am indebted to Mr. Berger for a portion of his type of

D. propinqua, which I find is identical with this species.

9. D. hirtella (Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 1, 276) ; stems subglobose

to oblong, usually 3-2 (sometimes up to 3) in. long, 4-3 in. thick,

obtusely 4—5- (rarely 6-) angled, tuberculate-toothed, glabrous, dull

green or tinged or mottled with purple ; flowers 1—5 together at the

middle or upper part of the young stems, progressively developed ;

pedicels }—-1 in. long, glabrous; sepals 14-2 lin. long, lanceolate,

acuminate, glabrous ; corolla 3-1} in, in diam., entirely dark chocolate

or almost blackish ; lobes 4-5} lin. long, very spreading, lanceolate,

acute, closely replicate quite to the base into vertical plates 14—2 lin.

deep at the base, glabrous, ciliate on the basal }—} of their length

with simple hairs }—? lin. long; annulus 34-4 lin. in diam. and

about # lin. high, pentagonal, pubescent all over the top of the rim

with purple hairs }—} lin. long ; outer corona about 24 lin. in diam.,

obtusely pentagonal or nearly circular, dull brownish-red ; inner

corona-lobes dull yellow ; follicles 34-6 in. long, slightly diverging,

narrowly fusiform, acute, smooth, streaked with purple-brown.

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 122; N.E. Br. in Hook. Ic. Pl. under t. 1925 ;

K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 277 ; Schlechter in

Journ. Bot. 1898, 476. Stapelia hirtella, Jacq. Stap. t. 10; Willd.

Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 285; Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 26, and Suppl. 9 ;

Poir. Encycl. Suppl. v. 232 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 26 ; Spreng. Syst.

Veg. i. 837, eacl. syn. ; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 257 ; Dietr. Syn.

Pl. ii. 884, excl. syn. ; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 662, 663. S. ceespi-

tosa, DC. Pl. Grass. t. 148, not of Masson. S. ceespitosa, var. hirtella,

Loud. Encycl. Pl. 202. 8. cymosa (“ Hofg.” in Berlin Herb. !) Hort.

ex Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 49, and G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 117. 8. reeli-

nata, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1397, not of Masson.

Var. 8, obscura (N. E. Br.); corolla-lobes ciliate with simple or ‘simple and

very slightly clavate fixed or subvibratile hairs intermingled, varying in different

specimens from }-1 lin. long ; annulus 34-44 lin. in diam., 3-14 lin. high, varying

from glabrous to puberulous on the rim with minute hairs much shorter than

those on the type, often marked around the margin of the outer corona with a

speckling or ring of dull ochre ; otherwise as in the type.

Var. y, minor (N. E. Br.) ; corolla-lobes 34 lin, long, ciliate with simple and

fixed or very slightly vibratile clavate hairs intermixed.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, cultivated specimens! Var. B, cultivated

specimens ! : :

Coast Reaion: Ladismith Div. ; without precise locality, Pillans, 665! also

var. B, Pillans, 638 !

Cenrrat Region: Laingsburg Div. ; north-western slopes of the Klein Zwart

Berg, at Witte Poort, Pillans, 646! Prince Albert Div.; near Prince Albert,

Marloth, 4585! Var, 6: Laingsburg Div, ; near Matjesfontein, Pillans, 13! 81!

641! MacOwan (cultivated specimen)! along the main road from Laingsburg to

___ Ladismith near Witte Poort, Pillans, 673! 674! near Nuy, Pillans, 665! Var. y:

_ Worcester Div. ; without precise locality, Pillans, 628! 0

1032 ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). | Duwalia.

Described from living plants, and specimens preserved in fluid. This is one of

the commonest species in cultivation and varies in minor details very considerably.

Specifically D. hirtella is closely related to D. radiata, and is usually easily

discriminated by the very distinct cilia on the corolla-lobes, but is clearly

connected with that species by some forms of var. obscura in which the cilia are

quite minute and scarcely noticeable except under a lens, possibly these really

represent D. radiata, see note under that species.

10. D. radiata (Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 45); stems 1-2 in. long,

3-3 in. thick, globose or oblong, obtusely 4—5-angled ; angles with

stout conical acute teeth ; flowers usually 2 together, developing in

succession near the base of the stems; pedicels 3-1 in. long ; sepals

lanceolate, acute or acuminate ; corolla 10-14 lin. in diam., dark

chocolate ; lobes 4-5 lin. long, very spreading, closely replicate to

the base into vertical plates 14-2 lin. deep, glabrous and not ciliate ;

annulus 4—5 lin. in diam., apparently about 1 lin. high, nearly

circular, glabrous; outer corona about 3 lin. in diam., obscurely

pentagonal or nearly circular, reddish-brown ; inner corona-lobes

dull yellowish or with a reddish tinge. G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 122 ;

K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 277 ; Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1898, 476, excl. all syns. not here quoted. D. replicata,

Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 1, 276 ; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 122 Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1898, 477. Stapelia radiata, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 619;

Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 93 ; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 45 ; Lodd. Bot.

Cab. t. 831 ; Deene in DO. Prodr. viii. 663, not of Jacquin, Willdenow,

Link, Hornemann or Sprengel. 8. replicata, Jacq. Stap. t. 15; Poir.

Encycl. Meth. Suppl. v. 232; Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 286 ;

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 45; Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 258 ;

Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 837, excl. syns. ; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 884 ; Deene

in DC. Prodr. viii. 662.

Sourn Arrica: without locality; introduced into cultivation in 1799 ex

Loddiges.

[am quite unable to determine if this is really a distinct species or identical

with a minutely ciliated form of D. hirtella, var. obscura noted under that plant.

According to all authors, D. radiata is quite destitute of cilia on the corolla-lobes,

and Jacquin (who figures it under the name of Stapelia replicata) represents the

annulus also as glabrous. The only example I have seen that might possibly be

this species is a specimen in Kew Herbarium named ‘‘ Duvalia radiata” and dated

1813, but this differs in having a few minute cilia on the lobes and the annulus 1s

puberulous on the rim. The cilia might easily be overlooked without the aid of a

lens, so if this specimen really represents the plant figured by Sims (on which the

species is founded), then the minutely ciliated form of D. hirtella, var. obscura also

belongs to it. The stems of D. replicata as represented by Jacquin are obviously

abnormally elongated, owing to some condition of cultivation. Concerning

Stapelia radiata, Jacq., see a note under D. elegans, Masson. :

11. D. compacta (Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 46, and Suppl. 14) ; stems

4-1 (rarely 2) in. long, } in. thick, globose or oblong, 4—5-angled,

the angles formed of series of rounded apiculate tubercles, dul

green ; flowers 1-5, successively developed at about the middle of |

the young stems ; pedicels }—] in. long ; sepals 1-1} lin. long,

Duvalia.| ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 1033

lanceolate-ovate, acute; corolla 3-3 in. in diam., entirely dark

chocolate ; lobes very spreading, with slightly recurving tips, {—} in.

long, lanceolate, acute, replicate to their base into vertical plates

about 1 lin. deep, glabrous, ciliate at the base only with a few very

minute simple hairs, only visible under a lens ; annulus small, 24-2}

lin. in diam. with a narrow rim around the corona, glabrous or very

minutely puberulous ; outer corona 14—1} lin. in diam., obscurely

pentagonal, less flat than in many species, brownish-red ; inner

corona-lobes dull orange-red. G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 122; Schlechter

in Journ. Bot. 1898, 476. D. mastodes, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 1,

276; G. Don, Le. 122; Schlechter, lc. 477. Stapelia compacta,

Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 46; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 662. S.

mastodes, Jacq. Stap. t. 13; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 837 ; Dietr. Syn.

Pl. ii. 884; Decne in DO. Prodr. viii. 663. 8S. mustodes, Link,

Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 258, under S. punctata. 8S. mastodis, St.

Lag. in Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon, vii. 135.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, cultivated specimens in Herb. Haworth! and

Herb. Kew!

Described from living plants. According to Haworth this species was introduced

into cultivation before 1800 and may still exist in English gardens, but I have not

seen it during the past ten years. _ It differs from all other species I have seen by

the broad and short tubercles on the stems being more closely placed and more

abruptly apiculate. Its flowers closely resemble the minutely ciliated forms of

D., hirtella, Sweet, but are much smaller.

12. D. maculata (N. E. Br.) ; stems tufted, decumbent, }—1} in.

long, }—} in. thick, oblong, 4—5-angled, glabrous, dull green ;

angles rounded, with very spreading or slightly recurving very

acute teeth 2-2} lin. long, having a minute tooth on each side at

the middle ; flowers 4—8 or more together, successively developed at

the middle or towards the base of the young shoots ; pedicels

3-2 in. long, rather slender, glabrous ; sepals 1-1} lin. long, deltoid-

subulate, acute, glabrous; corolla 7—10 lin. in diam., with the

sinuses reflexed to the pedicel; lobes 24-3? lin. long, replicate to

the base into vertical plates 1}-1} lin. deep at the base, very

spreading, very acute, apparently olive-brown or purple-brown,

perhaps indistinctly mottled(?), glabrous, with an exceedingly minute

ciliation on the basal part; annulus 2}-3} lin. in diam., obscurely

pentagonal, with its sides sloping underneath it (not vertical), and

the rim rising considerably above the margin of the outer corona so

as to form a sort of basin containing the corona, minutely puberulous,

whitish, very distinctly spotted all over with purple-brown ; outer

corona 1} lin, in diam., obtusely pentagonal, apparently yellow ;

inner corona-lobes } lin. long, } lin. broad, ovoid, dorsally obtuse,

apparently yellowish.

_ Cenrrat Reoron: Aberdeen Div. ; near Aberdeen Road, Pillans, 31!

_ "This is the only species I have seen in which the outer corona is sunk much

below the level of the rim of the annulus. Described from specimens in fluid and —

1034 ASCLEPIADE (Brown). [Duvalia.

13. D. parviflora (N. E. Br.) ; stems about 1 in. long and 4 in.

thick, oblong, very obtusely and somewhat obscurely 5(—6 ?)-angled,

light green, mottled with dull purple, faintly glaucous, angles rather

obscurely indented above each minute tooth, or obscurely and

distantly tessellate-tuberculate ; flowers 4-5 together, successively

developed near the apex of the stems ; pedicels }—} in. long; sepals

3-1 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate; corolla about 5—7 lin. in

diam., “cream-colour, with the apical half of the lobes pale purple”

(Pillans) ; lobes 2-2} lin. long, very spreading, closely replicate to

the base into vertical plates # lin. deep, glabrous, ciliate with a

few very minute simple cream-coloured hairs at the base only ;

annulus 14-2 lin. in diam., raised about } lin. above the level of the

lobes, obtusely pentagonal, glabrous, the top quite covered (without

leaving a margin) by the equally large outer corona ; “ outer and

inner coronas straw-coloured, anthers purple ” (Pillans).

CEntTRaL Recton: Laingsburg Div. ; at Witte Poort, on the main road between

Laingsburg and Ladismith, Pillans, 621 !

14. D. angustiloba (N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1883, xx. 230) ;

densely tufted ; stems $-1 in. long, 4—} in. thick, subglobose or

oblong, obtusely 4—5-angled, dull green ; angles tuberculate-dentate ;

flowers 5-20 or more together in gradually developed cymes or

fascicles, often on stout peduncles, at about the middle of the

younger stems; pedicels 1-1} in. long, rather slender, glabrous ;

sepals 1} lin. long, reflexed, lanceolate-subulate; corolla very

acutely conical and 5-grooved in bud, when expanded }-1 in. in

diam., glabrous, with an exceedingly minute ciliation at the base of

the lobes, only visible under a lens, dark chocolate ; lobes 4—5 lin.

long, horizontally spreading, very narrowly linear-lanceolate, closely

replicate from base to apex into vertical acute plates about

1 lin. in depth at the base, with an impressed line along the fold ;

annulus 14—13 lin. in diam., not much raised above the level of the

lobes, with a very narrow rim; outer corona reduced to a mere

margin and together with the inner corona resembling a miniature

crown, pure white at first, becoming dirty white in a few days, the

incumbent tips of the inner corona-lobes very acute. N. EH. Br. m

Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1925; K. Schum. in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzen-

fam. iv. ii. 277 ; Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 477 ; Wien. Illustr.

Gartenz. 1896, 215, fig. 33.

Crnrrat Rearon ? From the Karoo, near or on the way to the Diamond Fields,

Dickson (Barkly, 33)! and cultivated specimens !

Described from living plants.

Imperfectly known species.

15. D. concolor (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 477); stems

exactly tetragonous, with large teeth, glabrous; corolla 5-fid, —

blackish-purple ; annulus broad, solid, pubescent ; lobes lanceolate,

Duwalia. | ASCLEPIADE& (Brown). 1035

replicate to the base into vertical plates, very spreading, glabrous.

Stapelia concolor, Salm-Dyck, Hort. Dyck. 372; Decne in DC. Prodr.

viii. 662.

The origin of this species is unknown, and so far as I am aware no specimen of it

exists, as I have been informed that no specimens of the Stapelias described by

Salm-Dyck were preserved nor drawings made of them. Salm-Dyck states of it:

‘*This very singular species occurs in gardens under the name of Stapelia barbata,

by the form of its branches and the unopened flowers it would seem to belong to

Huernia, but is altogether related to the section Duvalia. It-is near Stapelia

reclinata, but differs by its thicker exactly tetragonous branches and flowers twice

as large.” It may be a native of Namaqualand.

16. D. transvaalensis (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xx. Beibl.

51, 54); stems erect, up to 2} in. long, about 5 lin. thick, 6-angled,

glabrous, with spreading teeth at the angles; flowers few together,

from below the middle of the stems; pedicels up to ? in. long,

glabrous ; sepals } in. long, Jinear-lanceolate, very acute, glabrous ;

corolla-lobes erect, 4 in. long, ovate-triangular, acuminate, glabrous

on both sides ; outer corona-lobes connate into an entire fleshy ring ;

inner corona-lobes fleshy, rhomboid in outline, attenuate-beaked

towards the apex, obtuse. Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 477 ;

N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i, 503.

pmo Recion : Transvaal ; sandy places near Klipdam, 4600 ft., Schlechter,

Also in Tropical Africa. In the Journal of Botany above quoted, Dr. Schlechter

refers D. dentata, N. E. Br., as a synonym of this, but without having compared

the specimens. His description, however, makes no mention of the very striking

vibratile cilia nor the minutely puberulous annulus of that species. Should they

upon comparison prove to be identical, D. transvaalensis then becomes a synonym of

D. polita, N. E. Br. ;

17. D. glomerata (Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 46, and Suppl. 14) ; stems

prostrate, glomerate ; flowers about 4 together; corolla rather

large, blackish-red, paler at the base of the annulus ; lobes replicate,

except at the apex, naked (probably glabrous or without cilia is

intended) ; annulus very obtuse, subrepand, pubescent when viewed

with a lens. G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 122; Schlechter in Journ. Bot.

1898, 476. Stapelia glomerata, Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 46; Decne in

DC. Prodr. viii. 664.

SourH Arrica: without locality, introduced into cultivation before 1808, ex

Haworth,

18. D. levigata (Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 46, and Suppl. 14) ; corolla-

lobes horizontal ; annulus very large. G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 122;

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 476. Stapelia levigata, Schultes, Syst.

Veg. vi. 46; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 664.

-_ Sourn Arrica: without locality, introduced into cultivation before 1808, ex

fo) ee ott sy ihe |

Stated to be allied to D. tuberculata, Haw., and D. radiata, Haw., to which it

__ is very similar, but has more horizontally spreading petals and a larger annulus.

1036 ASCLEPIADEZ (Brown). [Duvalia.

19. D. tuberculata (Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 46, and Suppl. 13) ;

stems 1-2 in. long, oblong, 4-angled, with large recurving teeth ;

corolla-lobes replicate into vertical plates, blackish-rufescent, ciliate-

pubescent ; annulus somewhat hairy; outer corona pale reddish ;

inner corona-lobes rosy-white. G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 121. Stapelia

tuberculata, Schultes, Syst, Veg. vi. 46; Decne in DC. Prodr.

viii. 663.

Soura Arrica: without locality, introduced into cultivation in 1774, ex

Haworth.

Stated to be somewhat smaller than D, radiata, Haw. Possibly not distinct

from D, hirtella, Sweet.

OrperR LXXXIX. LOGANIACE/E. |

(By D. Praty and H. A. Cummins.)

Flowers hermaphrodite, regular or slightly oblique. Calys inferior,

4-lobed ; tube usually short. Corolla funnel-shaped or salver-shaped,

rarely campanulate or rotate ; lobes usually 4, occasionally 5, rarely

(Anthocleista) 8-16, imbricate, contorted or valvate. Stamens as many

as and alternate with the corolla-lobes ; filaments filiform or rarely

dilated, free or rarely (Anthocleista) connate below, often short ;

anthers usually dorsifixed, cells 2, parallel, dehiscing introrsely,

rarely (Nusia) divaricate and confluent at apex. Disk 0 or rarely

(Anthocleista) fleshy. Ovary superior, 2-celled ; style simple ; stigma

terminal, conspicuous or small, entire or obscurely 2-lobed ; ovules

x, anatropous or amphitropous. Fruit a capsule septicidally

2-valved, valves again often partially loculicidally dehiscent; or

indehiscent, baccate. Seeds obovoid, oblong or globose, sometimes

by pressure angular or flattened ; albumen fleshy or cartilaginous,

usually abundant; embryo straight, generally shorter than the

albumen ; cotyledons semiterete or rarely (Strychnos) foliaceous.

Shrubs or trees ; leaves opposite, less often whorled, rarely fasciculate, usually

entire or subentire ; occasionally distinctly toothed or lobed; stipules usually

reduced to an interpetiolar line, occasionally distinct ; flowers cymose or rarely

(Gomphostigma) racemose.

Disrris. Genera about 30, only 6 in South Africa; species about 400, mainly

tropical, Endemic genera 1, endemic species 15.

* Fruit a septicidally pikes a oe ; corolla-lobes 4, imbricate ; filaments free ;

anthers dorsifined ; disk 0 ; cotyledons semiterete. ee

veg Celye, deeply lobed. Corolla-tube entire. Filaments long; anthers

LOGANIACEA (Prain and Cummins). 1037

II. Nuxia.—Shrubs or small trees. Flowers cymose; cymes in terminal

corymbose panicles, Calyx shortly lobed. Corolla-tube circumscissile,

the base persisting. Filaments long ; anthers exserted ; cells divaricate,

confluent.

III. Chilianthus.—Shrubs or small trees. Flowers cymose, usually very small ;

cymes usually dense, in terminal panicles. Calyx deeply lobed.

Corolla-tube entire. Filaments usually long; anthers exserted ; cells

parallel, distinct.

IV. Buddleia.—Shrubs or small trees. Flowers cymose ; cymes usually dense

in axillary heads or corymbs, or in terminal panicles. Calyx shortly

lobed. Corolla-tube entire. Filaments short or very short ; anthers

included ; cells parallel, distinct.

** Fruit indehiscent, baccate ; calyx deeply lobed ; corolla-tube entire ; anthers

exserted ; cells parallel, distinct ; flowers cymose.

V. Anthocleista.—Trees (or shrubs, sometimes climbing). Cymes in terminal

panicles; flowers large. Corolla-lobes 8-16, contorted. Filaments

connate below ; anthers linear, erect. Dish: fleshy. Ovary 2-celled or

from accessory dissepiments, 4-celled. Pericarp leathery. Cotyledons

semiterete.

VI. Strychnos.—Shrubs, often climbing, or trees. Cymes axillary, less often

terminal. Corolla-lobes 5 or 4, valvate. Filaments free; anthers

ovate, dorsifixed. Disk 0. Ovary 2-celled or, from absorption of

dissepiment, 1-celled. Pericarp crustaceous, Cotyledons leafy.

I. GOMPHOSTIGMA, Turcz.

Calyx deeply 4-fid ; tube campanulate; lobes ovate or oblong,

imbricate. Corolla deeply 4-fid, subrotate-campanulate ; tube entire ;

lobes wide-elliptic, imbricate, obtuse, as long as tube. Stamens 4,

adnate to corolla-throat ; filaments filiform ; anthers oblong, exserted ;

cells distinct, parallel. Ovary 2-celled, oblong, glabrous; style

filiform ; stigma terminal, dilated, faintly 2-lobed; ovules many,

several-seriate ; placentas linear. Capsule oblong, longer than

calyx ; dehiscence septicidal ; valves ultimately splitting at apex,

separating from and liberating the placentas. Seeds obovoid or

angular; testa loose; albumen somewhat scanty ; embryo much

shorter than albumen, straight, with semiterete cotyledons.

Stellately lepidote or tomentose, divaricate or erect branched shrubs or under-

shrubs ; leaves 1-nerved, sessile, opposite decussate, or fascicled, linear, elliptic or

oval, small or very small ; stipules represented by a distinct interpetiolar ridge ;

flowers opposite, pedicelled, in terminal simple or branched racemes, with some-

times the lowest flowers axillary.

DistriB. Species 2; one endemic, the other extending to Mozambique and

' Lower Guinea.

Spreading, divaricately branched ; leaves elliptic or

ovate, 2-3 times as long as broad «ww ee we (1) incanum.

- Erect, vir branched ; leaves linear, less often sub- Spal

6-12 times,as long as broad = ..._—...._ (2) seoparioides.

1038 LOGANIACE# (Prain and Cummins). [ Gomphostigma.

1. G. incanum (Oliv. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1472); a spreading

divaricately branching undershrub ; leaves opposite and in crowded.

axillary fascicles, elliptic or ovate, subobtuse, densely stellately

lepidote on both surfaces, margin entire, 1—2 lin. long, 4—-} lin.

wide ; racemes 1-3 in. long, rhachis glabrescent ; bracts wide-ovate,

connate round rhachis ; pedicels 1-2 lin. long, the lowest bracteo-

late, stellate-lepidote below and glabrescent above the bracteoles,

upper pedicels glabrescent ; calyx 1 lin. long ; lobes ovate ; corolla

4 lin. long ; filaments 14 lin. long:

Centrat Recion: Colesberg Div. ; near the Orange River, Knobel !

2. G. scoparioides (Turez. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose. xvi. 53); an

erect virgately branching shrub; leaves opposite, very rarely

fascicled, linear, acute, rarely subspathulate, subobtuse, glabrous

or sparingly grey-lepidote, entire or rarely remotely obscurely

toothed, 1-14 in. long, 14-1} lin. wide, gradually diminishing

upwards ; racemes 2-8 in. long, rhachis glabrous ;_ bracts leafy

below, gradually smaller upwards, free ; pedicels 14-24 lin. long, brac-

teolate, glabrous ; calyx 1-1} lin. long ; lobes oblong ; corolla white,

3-34 lin. long ; filaments 1} lin. long ; capsule 3—4 lin. long. Benth.

in DC. Prodr. x. 434; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 511.

wp ety virgata, Linn. f. Suppl. 123; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult.

Coast Reaton : Uitenhage Div. ; by the Sundays River and Coega River, Drége,

8264a! Queenstown Div. ; beside watercourses at Queenstown, 3500 ft., Galpin,

1667! by the river near Shiloh, Bawr, 913! Zwartkei River, Baur, 51! British

Caffraria, Mrs. Hutton, Cooper, 344!

CenrraL Recron : Prince Albert Div. ; by the Gamka River, Drége, 8264b.

Somerset Div. ; near Somerset East, Bowker, 152! 178! by the Little Fish River,

MacOwan, 1148! Graaff Reinet Div. ; by the Sundays River, 2500 ft., Bolus,

62! Murraysburg Div. ; banks of streams near Murraysburg, 4000 ft., Zyson, 30!

Richmond Div., Burke! Albert Div., Cooper, 1870! Hopetown Div.; by the

Orange River, Burchell, 2657! Prieska Div. ; banks of the Orange River, Burchell,

1634! by the Brak River, Burchell, 2122!

Western Recion: Little Namaqualand; Orange River, near Verleptpram,

Drége, 8264c.

Katanart Reaion: Orange River Colony ; Cooper, 973! 2869! Basutoland ;

Cooper, 2870! Transvaal; near Lydenberg, Wilms, 1079! near Middelburg,

Wilms, 1079a! Magalies River, Burtt Davy, 166! Daspoort, near Pretoria,

Miss Leendertz, 587 ! :

Eastern Rearon : Transkei ; Kreilis country, Bowker ! Griqualand East ; banks

of the Umzimkulu River, near Clydesdale, 2500 ft., yson, 2713 ! and in MacOwan

Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1224! Natal; Mohlamba Range, 5000-6000 ft., Sutherland !

Biggers Berg, 4000 ft., Sutherland ! banks of the Umnweni River, 4000 ft., Wood,

ee near Newcastle, Wilms, 2174! and without precise locality,

errard, 193 !

iI, NUXIA, Lam. ; |

Calyx shortly 4-fid ; tube campanulate ; lobes subtriangular, sub-_

--valvate. Corolla 4-fid ; tube cylindric, included, circumscissile above -

“the persistent base; throat partially occluded by a ring of hairs

Nusxia. | LOGANIACEZ (Prain and Cummins). 1039

lobes imbricate, spreading, obtuse or acute. Stamens 4, adnate to

corolla-throat ; filaments filiform ; anthers ovate or oblong, exserted ;

cells confluent at apex, divaricate. Ovary 2-celled, ovoid, usually

silky; style filiform; stigma terminal, minute; ovules many,

several-seriate ; placentas linear or ovate. Capsule ovoid, obovoid

or oblong, hardly exserted from calyx, dehiscence septicidal ;

valves splitting at apex, separating from and liberating the

placentas. Seeds oblong; albumen fleshy; embryo straight with

semiterete cotyledons.

Glabrous or pilose erect shrubs or small trees ; leaves penninerved, shortly or

distinctly petioled, opposite, decussate or 3-nately whorled, subcoriaceous or

chartaceous ; stipules 0, interpetiolar ridge obsolete; flowers cymose, cymes

in dense or lax terminal thyrsoid panicles. .

Disrris. Species about 30, mostly Tropical African, some in Madagascar, a few

in South Africa, 4 of these being endemic,

Calyx chartaceous ; tube glabrous within ; corolla in bud

obtuse at apex ; cymes in wide lax panicles 4-8 in.

across ; leaves 3-nate, long-petioled ... pes .»» (1) floribunda.

Calyx coriaceous ; tube adpressed white silky within ;

cymes in narrow usually dense panicles under 4 in.

across ; leaves short-petioled :

Corolla in bud rounded and obtuse at apex; lobes

glabrous outside ; leaves opposite :

Pedicels considerably longer than calyx... .. (2) gracilis.

Pedicels never longer, mostly shorter than calyx ... (3) dentata.

Corolla in bud conical and acute or, if rounded, apicu-

late at apex ; leaves 3-nate :

Flowers all distinctly pedicelled ; corolla-lobes silky

outside; leaves usually more or less pubescent :

Corolla under 2 lin. long, in bud rounded but ‘

apiculate at tip ; cymes dense sss wee (4) Dreviflora.

Corolla over 2 lin. long, in bud conical and. acute

at tip ; cymes lax i ro sae ... (5) pubescens,

Flowers all sessile or subsessile ; corona over 2 lin.

long, in bud conical and acute at tip; cymes

dense :

Leaves more or less pubescent; corolla-lobes

almost always silky outside “a ... (6) congesta, var.

tomentosa.

Leaves glabrous; corolla-lobes glabrous or very

sparingly hairy outside see vie ... (6) congesta, var.

emarginata.

1. N. floribunda (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 59); an

erect tree 15-50 ft. high; bark pale-grey ; leaves usually in 3-nate

whorls, firmly papery, glabrous, oblong-elliptic, acute or acuminate,

less often obtuse, base cuneate and entire, margin elsewhere remotely

usually obscurely toothed, 2-6 in. long, #-24 in. wide; petiole

3-14 in. long; cymes in ample panicles repeatedly dichotomously

branched, 4-8 in. across; bracts minute; flowers sessile or the

central of a cyme short-pedicelled ; calyx narrow-campanulate,

1 Tin, Iong, thinly papery ; tube outside glabrous, within sparsely

1040 LOGANIACE (Prain and Cummins). [Nuaia.

beset with short silky hairs or quite glabrous ; corolla white, 1} lin.

long, glabrous outside, in bud obtuse ; lobes narrow ligulate, obtuse,

longer than tube; ovary glabrous. DC. Prodr. x. 435; Pappe,

Silva Cap. ed. 2, 30; Fourcade, Rep. Natal For. 1889, 115; Sim,

For. Fl. Cap. 274, t. 157; Wood and Evans, Natal Plants, i. 48,

t.59. Chilianthus triphyllus, E. Meyer, Zwei Pfl. Docum. 172.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Mund and Maire!

Coast Rearon: George Div. ; near George, Prior! Knysna Div. ; near the

Knysna River ford, Burchell, 5537! in the forest at Knysna, Burchell, 5448 !

Bolus, 2145! Kaatjes Kraal, near Yzer Nek, Burchell, 5240! between Keurbooms

River and Bitou River, Burchell, 5295! Humansdorp Div. ; between Kromme

River and Gamtoos River, Drége! Storms River Forest, 500 ft., Galpin, 4333 !

Uitenhage Div. ; between Van Standens River and Galgebosch, Burchell, 4763 !

near Uitenhage, near streams, Burchell, 4241! banks of the Zwartkops River and

ravines of Van Standens Berg, Zeyher! Uitenhage, Hcklon ! Port Elizabeth Div. ;

Krakakama, Zeyher !

Eastern Rearon: Natal; hills near Illovo River, Gerrard, 1893! Tnanda,

Wood, 980! Western Zululand, Baker in Herb. Evans, 528.

2. N. gracilis (Engl. Jahrb. x. 243) ; a shrub 8-10 ft. high ; bark

brownish-grey ; leaves usually opposite, decussate, firmly papery,

glandular, oblong-lanceolate, subacute, base narrow-cuneate from the

middle and entire, margin elsewhere finely serrately toothed, 1-2 in.

long, 14-34 lin. wide ; petiole 1 lin. long; cymes many, umbelli-

form in corymbose panicles }-2 in, across ; bracts narrow-spathu-

late or linear, 14-2 lin. long, glandular-puberulous ; pedicels all

subequal, 2-21 lin. long, slender, glandular-puberulous ; calyx

campanulate, 14 lin. long, coriaceous; tube outside glandular-

puberulous, within densely adpressed white-silky ; corolla white,

2 lin. long, glabrous outside, in bud obtuse; lobes ovate, obtuse,

rather shorter than tube ; ovary glabrous (or puberulous) ; capsule

1} lin, long, sparsely finely pubescent with short hairs.

Katanart Recon: Griqualand West; Lower Campbell, Burchell, 1817!

Upper Campbell, Burchell, 1827! in stony places at 4000 ft., Marloth !

In Burchell’s two gatherings the ovary is glabrous; his plants agree 2s

regards leaves, inflorescence, bracts, pedicels and calyx with that collected by

Marloth, which is represented at Kew by a specimen in fruit, where the capsules

are finely pubescent.

3, N. dentata (R. Br. in Salt, Abyss. Append. 63); a shrub

7-10 ft. high ; bark grey ; leaves usually opposite, decussate, papery,

glabrous, lanceolate or narrow-oblong, obtuse or subacute,

- narrow-cuneate from the middle and entire, margin elsewhere remotely

obscurely toothed, 1-3 in. long, usually 2-5 lin. wide, occasionally

wider ; petiole 1-4 lin. long; cymes numerous in thyrsoid panicles ; : ae

4-1 in. across; bracts narrow-lanceolate, 1 lin. long; terminal —

pedicels 2 lin., lateral 1 lin. long; calyx narrow-campanulate, 2 lin.

long, subcoriaceous ; tube outside glabrous, within densely adpressed

__white-silky ; corolla white, 2} lin. long, glabrous outside, in bud

_ obtuse ; lobes ovate-oblong, obtuse, rather shorter than

sobek

Nuvi, | LOGANIACE® (Prain and Cummins). 1041

silky. DC. Prodr. x. 435; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 124 ; Engl.

Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 335; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 700 ;

Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 513; S. Moore in Journ. Bot.

1903, 403 (var. transvaalensis). N. oppositifolia, Benth. in DC.

Prodr. x. 435. N. Schlechteri, Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxxii. 140.

Lachnopylis oppositifolia, Hochst. in Flora, 1843, 77 ; A.DC. in DC.

Prodr. ix. 23.

KALAHARI REGION: Transvaal; Komati Poort, 330 ft., Schlechter, 11738!

_ Johannesburg, Rand, 1132! by the Mbetane River, near Leydsdorp, and Masetana

River, near Shilovane, Junod, 1430 !

Eastern Reaion: Natal; near the Nonoti River, Wood, 3578! and without

precise locality, Gerrard, 716!

Also in Tropical Africa,

4. N. breviflora (8. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1903, 403) ; a shrub ;

bark grey, lacerate ; leaves usually in 3-nate whorls, coriaceous,

densely stellate-pubescent on both surfaces, obovate or obovate-

oblong, obtuse or retuse, base rounded entire, margin elsewhere

entire or remotely serrate, 6-9 lin. long, 3-6 lin. wide; petiole

short ; cymes in rather dense corymbs 11 in. across ; bracts narrow-

linear, 14 lin. long ; flowers pedicelled ; pedicels up to 1 lin. long ;

calyx campanulate, 1 lin. long ; tube outside tomentose, within

densely adpressed white silky ; corolla 14 lin. long, in bud rounded

but shortly apiculate at the tip; lobes hardly longer than tube,

oblong-ovate, obtuse, silky outside, ovary silky. é

Kananart Recron: Transvaal; Johannesburg, northern escarpment of Wit-

waters Rand series, Rand, 712!

5. N. pubescens (Sond. in Linnia, xxiii, 84); a shrub or small

tree, 5~20 ft. high; bark grey, lacerate ; leaves usually in 3-nate

whorls, subcoriaceous, glandular and sometimes densely, more often

sparingly, pubescent on both surfaces, occasionally nearly, rarely

quite glabrous, elliptic-oblong or ovate, acute or obtuse, base cuneate

entire, margins elsewhere entire or remotely serrate, 1-14 (rarely

2) in. long, $—} (rarely 1) in. wide ; petiole 1-1} lin. long; cymes

in rather lax corymbose panicles 2—4 in. across; bracts spathulate

or oblanceolate, 1 lin. long ; flowers ali pedicelled ; pedicels slender,

1-1} lin. long; calyx narrow-campanulate, 2 lin. long, coriaceous ;

tube outside glandular-pubescent or puberulous, within densely

adpressed white’ silky ; corolla white, 24 lin. long, in bud conical

acute ; lobes hardly as long as tube, oblong, acute, apex cucullate

usually silky outside, inner face caruncled ; ovary silky in the upper

half; capsule 2 lin. long, densely white-silky. N. congesta, var.

brevifolia, Sond. in Linnea, xxiii. 83.

1042 LOGANIACEA (Prain and Cummins). [ Nusia.

6. N. congesta (R. Br. in Salt, Abyss. Append. 63) ; a shrub or

small tree, 5-20 ft. high; bark grey, lacerate; leaves usually in

3-nate whorls, casually opposite, subcoriaceous, glabrous on both

surfaces, oblanceolate-oblong, subacute or obtuse rarely retuse, base

cuneate entire, margin elsewhere entire or serrate, 2—3 (sometimes 4)

in, long, 1-2 (rarely only #) in. wide ; petiole 1-23 lin. long ; cymes

in condensed thyrsoid panicles 1-3 in. across ; bracts narrowly

spathulate or oblanceolate or linear, usually puberulous ; flowers

sessile or the central of a cyme very shortly pedicelled ; calyx

rather narrowly campanulate, 2 lin. long, coriaceous ; tube outside

glandular, puberulous or pubescent, within densely adpressed white

silky ; corolla white, 22 lin. long, in bud conical acute ; lobes hardly

as long as the tube, oblong, acute, striate, outside uniformly silky,

apex cucullate, inner face with a central thickened line ending above

in a small caruncle ; ovary silky in the upper half ; capsule 2 lin.

long, densely white silky. F'resen. in Flora, 1838, 606 ; DC. Prodr.

x. 435; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 123 ; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop.

Afr. 335; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 512. Lachnopylis

ternifolia, Hochst. in Flora, 1843, 77 ; A.DC. in DC. Prodr, ix. 23.

Var. 8, tomentosa (Cummins) ; leaves oblanceolate-oblong or ovate-oblong or

ovate, subacute, rarely obtuse, densely to sparingly pubescent beneath, mostly with

stellate hairs, above sparingly stellate-pubescent or glabrous except on the main-

nerves ; corolla-lobes outside uniformly silky or very rarely glabrous. VV. tomentosa,

Sond. in Linnea, xxiii. 84.

Var. y, emarginata (Prain) ; leaves obovate-oblong or oblong, obtuse or retuse

or emarginate, glabrous on both surfaces ; corolla-lobes outside quite glabrous or

occasionally with a few white silky hairs. N. emarginata, Sond. in Linnea,

xxiii, 83. NV. congesta, Fourcade, Rep. Natal For. 1889, 115; Sim, For. Fl. Cap.

275, t. 113, fig. 1; not of R. Br.

Coast Recion: Var. y: Bathurst Div. ; near the Kowie River, below 500 ft.,

Ecklon and Zeyher; near Port Alfred, Burchell, 4026! woods between the

mouths of the Great Fish and Riet River, MacOwan, 297 !

CENTRAL REGION: Var. y: Somerset Div., Bowker !

_ Katanart Rearon: Var. 8: Transvaal; Magaliesberg, Zeyher ! Woodbush,

Eastwood, 5! mountains under Saddleback, near Barberton, 4000 ft., Thorncroft

in Herb. Wood, 4161! Drakensberg, near Macamac, McLea in Herb. Bolus, 3014!

Eastern Reaion: Var. B: Natal; Esmont, 2300 ft., Wood! Var. y: Natal ;

Ingoma, Gerrard, 1510! Inanda, Wood, 576! Bevaan Falls, Wood, 3190!

There are no examples from South Africa which admit of being unquestionably

referred to Nusia congesta, R. Br., a species that in its typical form extends from

the Shire Highlands to Abyssinia. The two varieties which occur in South Africa

are readily distinguishable from each other and from the type, with which var.

tomentosa agrees as to flowers and var. emarginata agrees as to leaves.

III, CHILIANTHUS, Burch.

Calyx deeply 4-fid ; tube very short; lobes ovate or triangular, —

imbricate. Corolla 4-fid ; tube short, narrow-campanulate, entire ;

lobes imbricate, spreading, oblong or ovate, obtuse. Stamens 4,

adnate to corolla-throat ; filaments filiform ; anthers ovate, exserted

Chitianthus.| LOGANIACKA (Prain and Cummins). 1043

cells distinct, parallel. Ovary 2-celled, ovate, tomentose ; style

usually flexuous ; stigma terminal, wide capitate or dilated ; ovules

many, few-seriate ; placentas thickened. Capsule ovoid or oblong,

exserted ; dehiscence septicidal ; valves splitting at apex, separating

from and liberating the placentas. Seeds few, oblong, compressed

and sometimes winged ; albumen thin, fleshy ; embryo straight.

Stellately tomentose or scurfy lepidote shrubs or small trees ; leaves penninerved,

petioled, opposite, decussate, subcoriaceous, chartaceous or herbaceous, entire or

toothed ; stipules represented by an interpetiolar ridge ; flowers cymose, sweet

scented, small or very small, usually very many ; eymes in dense or somewhat lax

terminal panicles.

_ Distris, Species 4, all endemic.

Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, narrow cuneate to

Leaves lepidote-scurfy beneath ; margins entire or

remotely shallow-toothed ; twigs more or less

4-angled ; filaments long ; anthers far exserted ... (1) arboreus.

Leaves densely rusty-pubescent beneath ; margins

finely closely crenate ; twigs cylindric ; filaments

short ; anthers little exserted ee Pee ;

Leaves ovate, truncate or cordate, rarely wide cuneate at

, Tusty or grey pubescent beneath; twigs

cylindric ; filaments long; anthers considerably

exserted :

Leaf-margins sinuately lobed, lobes again crenate ... (3) lobulatus.

Leaf-margins coarsely and irregularly simply toothed (4) dysophyllus.

(2) corrugatus,

1. C. arboreus (A.DC. in DC. Prodr. x. 435); an erect evergreen

shrub, 6-10 ft. high ; bark brownish ; twigs 4-angled or occasionally

crisply 4-winged ; leaves coriaceous, when young sparingly scurfy

but soon glabrous, rugulose above, beneath densely persistently

rufous- or at times grey-scurfy, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate,

acuminate or acute, base cuneate from below middle, margin entire

or remotely very shallowly toothed, 3-4 in. long, 24-6 lin. wide ;

petiole scurfy, 24-3 lin. long; cymes numerous in usually lax

panicles 3-8 in. across; bracts } lin. long, lanceolate, seurfy ;

pedicels } lin. or less, scurfy ; calyx campanulate, 3—} lin. long,

scurfy ; lobes triangular, as long as tube ; corolla yellowish-white,

{-1} lin. long, outside puberulous ; lobes longer than tube ; filaments

+1 lin. long ; anthers exserted beyond tips of corolla-lobes ; capsule

i lin. long, scurfy. Pappe, Silva Cap. ed, 2, 30; Fourcade, Rep.

Natal For. 1889, 115. Chilianthus oleaceus, Burch. Trav. i. 94;

Sim, For. Fl. Cap. 276, t. 113, fig. 11. Scoparia arborea, Linn, f.

Suppl. 125 ; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 653; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 147.

Callicarpa paniculata, Lam. Encycl. i. 563. Buddlea salicifolia,

Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. i. 12, t. 29, not of Val. Buddleja saligna,

Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 159. Nusia saligna, Benth. in Hook.

: Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 59. ,

_ Sourn Arrtca ; without locality, Forster! Gas

1044 LOGANIACE® (Prain and Cummins). | Chilianthus.

Coast Region: Caledon Div. ; Boontjes Kraal, near Caledon, Burchell, 934!

Swellendam Div. ; near Swellendam, Pappe! Riversdale Div. ; by the Zoetemelks

River, Burchell, 6805! between Gauritz River and Great Valsch River, Burchell,

6525! Mossel Bay Div.; dry hills on the eastern side of Gauritz River, Burchell,

6434! George Div. ; Karoo between Gauritz River and Lange Kloof, Zeyher!

Knysna Div.; near Knysna, Burchell, 5499! Uitenhage Div.; Van Stadens

River, Drége, 7889c ! banks of the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 622 ! near Uitenhage,

Prior! Albany Div. ; Fish River, Burke! between the source of the Kasuga River

and Assegai Bush, Burchell, 4170! near Grahamstown, 2000 ft. Atherstone !

Prior! Fort Beaufort Div. ; mountains by the Koonap River, Bawr, 1103! British

Kaffraria, Cooper, 315!

CENTRAL Recton : Calvinia Div. ; between Grasberg River and Watervals River,

Drége, 7889b! Somerset Div. ; on Bosch Berg, Burchell, 3150! 3250!

Western Recion: Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; Ebenezer, Drége, 7889a !

Katanart Recton: Orange River Colony; Olifantsfontein, Rehmann, 3507 !

Bechuanaland ; near the sources of Kuruman River, Burchell, 2494! Transvaal ;

Heidelberg, Miss Leendertz, 1046! Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6009 !

Eastern Reaton: Griqualand East; near Clydesdale, Z'yson, 2055! and in

MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Austr.-Afr., 1288! Natal ; Phoenix, Wood, 1108 !

Attercliffe, Sunderson, 360 !

2. C. corrugatus (A.DC. in DC. Prodr. x. 436); an erect shrub ;

bark brown, fissured ; twigs cylindric, when young rusty-tomentose ;

leaves firmly coriaceous, above glabrous shining closely and finely

rugose, beneath densely rusty-tomentose, lanceolate, acute, base

narrow cuneate, margin subrevolute, fine-crenate throughout, 2—3 in.

long, 35-4 lin. wide; petiole } in. long, densely rusty-tomentose ;

cymes numerous, few-flowered, globose, in pyramidal panicles 1} in.

ACTOSS 5 bracts } lin. long, lanceolate, densely tomentose ; pedicels

} lin. long, densely rusty ; calyx campanulate, 1 lin. long, densely ee

rusty-tomentose ; lobes half as long as tube; corolla white, 2 lin. ee

long, outside pubescent, sparingly hirsute within ; lobes considerably oe

shorter than tube; filaments } lin. long; anthers very little

exserted ; ovary and style stellate-tomentose. Sim, For. Fl. Cap.

276. Nuwxia corrugata, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 60.

CrentraL Recon: Aliwal North Div, ; Witteberg Range, 5000-6000 ft., near

streams, Drége, 3618 !

Katantart Recion : Orange River Colony ; near Harrismith, San/iey, 243! |

ao Reaion :; Natal; Greenwich Farm at Riet Vlei, Fry in Herb, Galpin,

3. C. lobulatus (A.DC. in DC. Prodr. x. 436); a spreading

shrub; bark brown; twigs cylindric, rusty-furfuraceous ; leaves _

subcoriaceous, above sparingly furfuraceous, rugulose, beneath

densely rusty-furfuraceous, ovate or ovate-oblong, obtuse, base

truncate or cordate, margin sinuately lobed, lobes 7~10 on each side

again crenately toothed and sometimes undulate, }?-3 in, long,

3-1} in. wide; petiole 2-6 lin. long, rusty-furfuraceous ; cymes

numerous, globose, in pj idal panicles 1}-3 in. long, $-1) in.

across ; bracts } lin. long, lanceolate, rusty-furfuraceous ; pedicels —

obsolete ; calyx campanulate, ; lin. long, rusty-furfuraceous ;

half as long as tube; corolla white, 1-1} lin. |

Chilianthus.] LOGANIACEA (Prain and Cummins), 1045

puberulous ; lobes oblong, obtuse, hardly as long as tube ; filaments

+ lin. long; anthers exserted as far as tips of corolla-lobes 5 capsule

¢ lin. long, puberulous. Sim, For. Fl. Cap. 276. Nuaia lobulata,

Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 60.

Sours Arrica : without locality, Thom, 391! 495 !

Coast Region : Queenstown Div. ; on a height by the Klipplaats River, between

Shiloh and Table Mountain, Drége, 664b ! Mountain-top, Bowkers Park, Queens-

town, 4750 ft., Galpin, 2558 !

CENTRAL REcIoN : Somerset Div. ; by the Little Fish River, Burchell, 3265! on

Bruintjes Hoogte, 4000 ft., MacOwan, 772! Craddock Div. ; Tarka River,

Zeyher | near Cradock, Cooper, 502! Graaff Reinet Div. ; descent of the Voor

Sneeuw Berg, Burchell, 2847 ! near Graaff Reinet, 4200 ft., Bolus, 89! Beaufort

West Div. ; Nieuwveld Mountains, near Beaufort West, 3000-5000 ft., Drege,

664a! Beaufort West, Burke, 524! Middelburg Div. ; between Wolve Kop and

Rhenoster Berg, Burchell, 2791 !

4, C. dysophyllus (A.DC. in DC. Prodr. x. 436); a diffuse or

climbing shrub, 5-12 ft. high ; bark brownish-grey ; twigs cylindric,

grey- or (less often) rusty-furfuraceous, sometimes glabrescent ;

leaves herbaceous, subrugulose above, grey or rusty woolly-pubescent

on both sides but more closely and persistently beneath, ovate or

ovate-lanceolate, acute, base truncate or very shortly and sometimes

unequally cuneate, very rarely subcordate and entire, margin else-

where coarsely often irregularly toothed, 2-5 in. long, 1-24 in. wide ;

petiole pubescent or glabrous, sometimes winged by the lamina

above, }—14 in. long ; cymes numerous, open, in lax panicles 3-6 in.

across ; bracts } lin. long, lanceolate, rusty- or grey-pubescent ;

pedicels } Jin. long, pubescent; calyx campanulate, 3 lin. long,

rusty- or grey-tomentose ; lobes longer than tube ; corolla yellowish-

white, 11-1} lin. long, outside puberulous; lobes considerably

shorter than tube ; filament 1 lin. long; anthers exserted beyond

tips of corolla-lobes ; capsule } lin. long, puberulous. Sim, For. Fl.

Cap. 276. Nuwia dysophylla, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag.

li. 60; Sond. in Linnzea, xxiii. 85 (var. rufescens).

Coast Reaion : Uitenhage Div. and Neutral Territory, Ecklon! Albany Div. ;

Blue Krantz, Burchell, 3647! near Grahamstown, 2000-2200 ft., <Atherston !

MacOwan, 292! Bowie, 4! and Glass in MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr., 1638! Fort

Beaufort Div. ; Winterberg Range, Zeyher! British Kaftraria ; Cooper, 34!

_Katanart Recion: Transvaal; Rimers Creek, near Barberton, 3200-4000 ft.,

(ralpin, 971!

Eastern Recion: Natal; near Durban, @ueinzius! Umgeni River, Gerrard,

1023 ! Inanda, Wood, 705! Umbilote Valley, Wood, 608 ! sandy tlat near Umbogo-

twine River, Wood, 3200!

IV. BUDDLEIA, Linn,

_ Stipules usually leafy, revolute-convex, rounded, largest 24 lin. long:

_ numerous, few-flowered, capitate, in ovate-pyramidal panicles 6

1046 LOGANIACE® (Prain and Cummins). — | Buddleiu.

cells distinct, parallel. Ovary 2-celled, ovate, pubescent; style

usually flexuous ; stigma (in the South African species) narrow-

clavate laterally decurrent ; ovules many, several-seriate ; placentas

thickened. Capsule ovoid or oblong or conical, exserted ; dehiscence

septicidal ; vaives entire or splitting at apex, separating from and

liberating the placentas. Seeds many, oblong, compressed fusiform

or discoid ; testa lax and reticulate or close and sometimes winged ;

albumen fleshy ; embryo straight.

Stellately pubescent or tomentose shrubs or small trees ; leaves penninerved,

petioled, opposite, decussate, subcoriaceous or herbaceous, entire or crenulate or

toothed ; stipules leafy or represented by an interpetiolar ridge ; flowers cymose,

often sweet-scented ; cymes usually dense, in corymbose thyrsoid or strict terminal

panicles,

Disrris. Species nearly 100, many in tropical and subtropical Asia and

America ; a few in tropical and South Africa, two of the South African species

being endemic.

Stipules usually conspicuous, leafy, revolute-convex ;

calyx-teeth subtriangular, acute, half as long as

tube ; filaments longer than anthers :

Leaves lanceolate, five times as long as broad, cordate

or subhastate at base, finely crenulate, thinly

pubescent and very finely rugose ‘above; twigs

somewhat 4-angled ; corolla-throat hirsute with

spreading hairs above the level of the stamens ... (1) salvifolia.

Leaves oblong-lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate or ovate,

two to three times as long as broad, cuneate at

base, serrate or entire, glabrous above; twigs

cylindric ; corolla-throat not hirsute :

Leaves thinly tomentose beneath, nerves and veins

little impressed above ; flowers yellowish-white (2) auriculata.

Leaves densely pubescent beneath, nerves and veins

deeply impressed above; flowers orange or

salmon, <a sii ike ec ... (2) auriculata, var.

euryifolia.

Stipules represented by an interpetiolar ridge; calyx-

teeth ovate, subobtuse, one-fourth the length of the

tube ; leaves smooth above, margin lobed or undulate

or entire, neither serrate nor crenate ; twigs cylindric ;

corolla-throat not hirsute ; filaments shorter than

anthers ... ee Sg is sis a ... (3) pulchella.

1. B. salvifolia (Lam. Encycl. i. 513); an erect shrub, 5-10 ft.

high, with spreading branches; twigs faintly 4-angled, rusty-

tomentose ; leaves firmly herbaceous, dark green, above thinly

pubescent and finely rugose, beneath densely rusty- or at times

hoary-tomentose, veins and nerves prominent, lanceolate, acuminate,

base cordate or subhastate, margin very finely crenulate, 14-6 in.

long, }-1} in. wide; petiole 14-3 lin. long, densely tomentose ;_

sometimes small, rarely reduced to an interpetiolar ridge ; cymes

long, 3-4 in. across; cyme-peduncles stout, densely tomentose,

Buddleia.| — LOGANIACEA (Prain and Cummins), 1047

obsolete ; calyx campanulate, 1 lin. long, densely pubescent ; teeth

subtriangular, acute, balf as long as tube ; corolla yellowish-white or

buff with throat deep orange ; limb sometimes slightly tinged with

lilac, 3-4 lin. long ; tube outside densely tomentose, within hirsute

with simple hairs from the throat downwards ; free filaments rather

longer than anthers ; anthers narrow-oblong ; capsule 14 lin. long,

densely tomentose. Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. i. 12, t. 28; Baker in

Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 516. B. salvizefolia, Pappe, Silva Cap.

ed. 2, 31; DC. Prodr. x. 444; Sim, For. Fi. Cap. 277, t. 114.

Buddlea salviefolia, Fourcade, Rep. Natal For. 1889, 115. Lantana

salvifolia, Linn. Syst. ed. x. 1116.

Coast Region: Clanwilliam Div. ; Wupperthal, Dréye, 699¢! Bull Hoek,

500 ft., Schlechter 8373! Caledon Div. ; Zwartberg, Zeyher, 3526! near Caledon,

Prior ! George Div. ; about the source of the Keurbooms River in Long Kloof,

Burchell, 5077! near George, 1000 ft., Prior! Schlechter! 2418! between Gauritz

River and Long Kloof, Ecklon! Zeyher, 1328! Knysna Div. ; Kaatjes Kraal, near

Yzer Nek, Burchell, 5202! between Keurbooms River and Bitou River, Burchell,

5284! Uitenhage Div. ; between Galgebosch and Melk River, Burchell, 4766!

banks of the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 461! Prior! Bedford Div. ; near Bedford,

Hutton ! Queenstown Div. ; near Queenstown, Cooper, 193! Shiloh, Baur, 244!

Galpin, 1623! Stockenstrom Div. ; Kat Berg, //utton !

CENTRAL ReGion : Somerset Div. ; on Bosch Berg, Burchell, 3226! MacOwan,

927! Mrs. Barber, 8! Graaff Reinet Div. ; Oude Berg, Drége! Beaufort West

Div. ; Nieuwveld Mountains, near Beaufort West, 3000-5000 ft., Drége, 699a!

Albert Div. : without precise locality; Cooper, 697 !

Katanart Recion: Basutoland, Cooper, 695! Transvaal ; Mecalicnbers Henge,

Burke, 376! creeks near Barberton, Galpin, 481! Macamac Gold Fields, McLea in

Herb, Bolus, 467! Lydenberg Dist., near Lydenberg and Spitzkop, Wilms, 1027 !

near Pretoria, Miss Leendertz, 187 !

Eastern Reaion: Tembuland; Bazeia, Baur, 244! Pondoland; between

St. Johns River and Umtsikaba River, Drége! Natal ; summit of Table Mountain,

Avrauss, 447 ! banks of the River Umtwalumi, Gerrard, 1850 ! and without precise

locality, Gerrard, 1211!

Also in Tropical Africa.

2. B. auriculata (Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 60) ;

an erect shrub, 5-8 ft. high ; twigs cylindric; leaves firmly herba-

ceous, glabrous; dark green, shining above with slightly impressed

nerves and veins, beneath closely covered with a thin tawny or

whitish tomentum with main-nerves prominent, oblong-lanceolate,

less often ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, base cuneate and entire, margin

elsewhere entire or finely serrate, 2-3 in. long, }-1 in. wide ; petiole

2}-4 lin. long, thinly closely tomentose ; stipules leafy, revolute-

convex, rounded, 1-24 lin. long; cymes numerous, many-flowered,

rather lax, opposite, forming short thyrsoid panicles leafy at least

below, 25-3 in. long, 1-14 in. across; cyme-peduncles slender,

2}-—3 lin. long ; bracts 1 lin. long, lanceolate ; pedicels short ; calyx

campanulate, } lin. long, closely tomentose ; teeth subtriangular,

acute, half as long as tube; corolla white with throat orange,

3—4 lin. long; tube outside puberulous with stellate hairs, within

‘Sparingly pubescent with simple hairs below the anthers and

adnate portion of filaments ; free filaments rather

1048 LOGANIACE® (Prain and Cummins). — [ Buddleia,

Var. 6, euryifolia (Prain in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 162, name only); leaves

subcoriaceous, above with deeply impressed nerves and veins, beneath closely

rusty stellate-tomentose, with secondary venation as well as main-nerves promi-

nent, ovate-lanceolate or ovate, acuminate, base rather wide cuneate or rounded

entire, margin elsewhere distinctly acutely serrate, 2-2} in. long, 1-1} in. wide ;

petiole rusty stellate-pubescent ; corolla orange-yellow with pale lilac limb or

salmon-coloured, 24-24 lin. long.

Coast Region: Fort Beaufort Div. ; Winterberg Range, Zeklon! Stocken-

strom Diy.; Chumie Berg, Hcklon! Katberg, 4000 ft., Hutton! Baur, 874!

Shaw !

CuntraL ReGion: Somerset Div. ; Bosch Berg, Burchell, 3157! 3179!

Kananart Recion: Var. 8: Transvaal ; Rimers Creek, near Barberton, 2900-—

3000 ft., Galpin, 970! Thorneroft, 146 (in Herb. Wood, 4825)! near Lydenberg,

Wibns, 1030!

Eastern Recion: Griqualand East; Pot River Berg, in Maclear District,

5500 ft., Galpin, 6771! Var. B: Natal; Tugela River, Gerrard, 1967! Griqua-

land East ; in Umzimhlava woods, near Kokstad, 4000 ft., Z'yson in MacOwan

and Bolus, Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1287 !

Although var, 8 differs markedly in general appearance, and further differs from

B. auriculata as regards the colour noted for its corolla, the material available

hardly justifies its recognition as a distinct species. The flowers are somewhat

smaller but do not differ in any structural detail.

3. B. pulchella (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 389); an erect

shrub, 5 ft. high ; twigs cylindric, hoary-pubescent soon glabrous ;

leaves herbaceous, rather pale green above thinly stellate-pubescent

soon glabrous with slightly impressed main-nerves, beneath rather

closely softly stellate-pubescent, mid-rib and main-nerves rather

prominent, ovate, acute, base cuneate, margin entire or undulate or

remotely and irregularly 1—-2-jugately lobed, 11-3} in. long, $—1} in.

wide ; petiole 1—} in. long; blade decurrent on the upper half or

throughout, thinly stellate-pubescent ; stipules represented by a

faint interpetiolar line; cymes numerous, few-flowered, rather

lax, opposite, forming short thyrsoid panicles leafy at least below,

2-3 in. long, 1-14 in. across; eyme-peduncles slender, 25-3 lin.

long; bracts 1-1} lin. long, linear ; pedicels short ; calyx cam-

panulate, 14 lin. long, densely hoary-pubescent ; teeth ovate, sub-

obtuse, one-fourth as long as tube; corolla reddish with throat

orange and limb white, 4 lin. long ; tube outside stellate-puberulous,

within glabrous above the stamens, pubescent with simple hairs

below the anthers and especially along adnate portion of filaments

free filaments shorter than and hidden by the ovate anthers. Wood

and Evans, Natal Plants, i. 49, t. 60. B. Woodii, Gilg in Engl.

Jahrb. xxiii. 201.

Eastern Reoion: Natal; near Kettle Fountain, Cooper, 1159! Inanda, Wood,

574! 1602! (Herb. Natal, 4086)! near York, 3300-4400 ft., Wood, 4869! and

cultivated specimens ! :

B, lindleyana (Fortune in Lindl, Bot. Reg. Misc. 1844, 25), a Chinese species

readily distinguished from the three above described hy lta oymes.sapregutes ie

long raceme-like terminal thyrse with longer, curved corolla-tubes, is cultivated

_ South Africa in gardens and occurs sometimes as an escape ; ¢.g. Transvaal

_ Lydenberg, Wilms, 1028-0 ; :

Anthocleista.) LOGANTACEA (Prain and Cummins). 1049

V. ANTHOCLEISTA, Afzel.

Calya deeply 4-fid; tube almost obsolete; lobes very thickly

coriaceous, orbicular, imbricate. Corolla 8-16-fid, firmly fleshy ;

tube narrow campanulate ; lobes overlapping to right, twisted to

left. Stamens 8-16, adnate to corolla-throat ; filaments flattened,

below connate into a membranous ring ; anthers linear, exserted,

erect, basifixed, sagittate ; cells distinct, parallel. Ovary 2-celled,

or by development of placental dissepiments 4-celled, resting on a

fleshy disk ; style short or long, slender ; stigma terminal, dilated,

oblong-capitate or shortly cylindric ; ovules many ; placentas linear,

involute once, or below twice, 2-fid. Fruit a globose or oblong

4-celled berry ; pericarp thickly coriaceous, hardening when dry.

Seeds numerous, small, invested with pulp; testa thin ; albumen

cartilaginous ; embryo straight, shorter than albumen ; cotyledons

semiterete.

Glabrous trees or shrubs, sometimes climbing, armed with axillary spines

or unarmed ; leaves mostly near ends of shoots, large or very large, opposite,

decussate, penninerved, petioled or sessile, entire ; leaf-sheaths auriculate or not,

united by an interpetiolar ridge or connate laterally into a short sheathing cup ;

flowers cymose ; cymes in lax terminal panicles, with thick peduncles and short

stout pedicels ; bracts scale-like.

Distris, Species about 20, mostly in Tropical Africa, a few in the Mascarenes ;

one of the Tropical African species extending to South Africa.

1. A. zambesiaca (Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 99); a tall

unarmed little branched tree, 70 ft. high ; wood white, soft, harden-

ing when kept; bark grey ; leaves rather crowded towards ends of

branches, firmly herbaceous, rather pale green, glabrous on both

surfaces, obovate-oblong, obtuse, gradually narrowed from upper

third to base, margin throughout minutely crisply crenulate, in

young saplings 44 ft. long, 15 in. wide, on branches of mature trees

9-12 in. long, 4-5 in. wide; petiole very short, 3—4 lin. long, or

obsolete ; leaf-sheath short but distinct, 6 lin. long, deep-channelled

above, connate with opposite leaf-sheath into an ochreate cup 3—4 lin.

deep; cymes 3-5 times 3-furcate ; main-peduncles 7-8 in. long,

secondary 3-31 in., tertiary 1}-2 in. long, ultimate branches 6 lin.

long; bracts orbicular, squamous, coriaceous, 3-4 lin. long;

pedicels stout, 2-3 lin. long ; calyx 5 lin, long; tube subobsolete ;

lobes orbicular, thickly coriaceous ; corolla yellowish-white, firmly

fleshy, 2} in. long; tube narrowly infundibuliform-campanulate,

13-1} in. long, mouth 4 lin, wide; lobes 12-13, narrow-oblong,

obtuse, at length reflexed, 9 lin. long, 3-4 lin. wide ; stamens 12-13 ;

filaments short ; anthers linear, 3 lin. long, sagittate, connective

dorsal slightly produced, apiculus obtuse ; ovary glabrous, obovate, —

4 lin. long ; style exserted, 14 in. long; stigma enlarged cylindric, —

obtuse, faintly 2-lobed at apex and faintly 6-grooved laterally,

1) lin. long; fruit ovoid subacute, 1} in. long, 9 lin. in diam.,

1050 LOGANIACE (Prain and Cummins). | Anthocleista.

4-celled ; seeds brown, shining ; testa finely reticulated. Baker in

Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 540. A. pulcherrima, Gilg in Engl.

Jahrb. xxx. 374, t. 17; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 540.

Eastern Recion: Swaziland; Horo Forest, 1800 ft., Zeyson in Herb. Galpin,

1358 !

Also in Tropical Africa.

VI. STRYCHNOS, Linn.

Calyx deeply 5- or 4-fid ; tube sometimes obsolete ; lobes ovate or

triangular, rarely narrow-linear, imbricate. Corolla 5- or 4-fid ;

tube hypocrateriform or rotate or subcampanulate ; lobes valvate,

spreading or reflexed, rarely suberect. Stamens 5 or 4, usually |

adnate to corolla-throat, rarely low down in corolla-tube ; filaments

filiform, usually short ; anthers ovate, exserted or rarely included ;

cells distinct, parallel. Ovary 2-celled, rarely by absorption of

dissepiment l-celled; style straight; stigma terminal, capitate ;

ovules usually several, rarely many, very rarely few, 2- or more-

seriate. Fruit a globose berry, usually 2-celled, sometimes by

absorption of partition, less often by abortion of a cell 1-celled ;

pericarp crustaceous. Seeds usually several, rarely by abortion.

only 2 or 1, generally variously compressed, if very few or solitary

globose or oval, embedded in pulp ; albumen usually cartilaginous ;

embryo straight, shorter than the albumen ; cotyledons flat, leafy,

3—5-nerved.

Trees or shrubs, erect (in all South African species) or climbing by hooked

tendrils, usually glabrous, armed or unarmed ; leaves opposite, decussate, margin

entire, 3-5- (rarely 7-) nerved, petioled ; stipules represented by an interpetiolar

ridge or 0; flowers cymose ; cymes simple or in condensed or lax thyrsoid or

corymbose panicles, axillary or terminal ; bracts small or very small.

Disrrts. Species under 100; wide-spread in all tropical countries ; a few

species also subtropical ; four of the latter endemic in South Africa.

Cymes axillary or from old wood ; twigs never spiny ;

calyx shorter than corolla-tube ; teeth ovate or

triangular ; corolla-lobes spreading ; stamens inserted

on corolla-throat ; anthers glabrous, exserted ; ovary

2-celled :

Corolla-lobes pubescent all over inner face, throat with

a ring of hairs ; calyx-tube as long as the triangular

acute lobes ; filaments longer than the anthers ; :

flowers 5-merous ; leaves glabrous... AY ... (1) Atherstone.

Corolla-lobes glabrous within ; calyx-tube very short

or obsolete; lobes ovate or orbicular, obtuse,

with ciliate margins ; filaments not longer than

anthers :

Leaves quite glabrous on both surfaces : ,

Leaves with pungent spinous tips, rigid and thickly

coriaceous ; bark corky ; cymes condensed ; ; “4

towers 5-merous ; corolla-throat with a ring sae

OR AES: 9s cicrceus we Ee Got cranes LEO

Leaves unarmed, thinly coriaceous orchartaceous;

bark not corky ; cymes usually rather lax:

Strychnos.| | LOGANIACEA (Prain and Cummins). 1051

Corolla-throat with a ring of hairs :

Ovary glabrous ; leaves mucronulate, not ex-

ceeding 1} in. in length ; filaments nearly

as long as anthers; flowers mostly

5-merous, some 4-merous aut ... (4) pauciflora.

Ovary pilose with silky white hairs in the

upper half ; leaves not mucronulate, never —

less than 1} in. in length, usually 2-3

(sometimes 4) in. long; filaments very

short ; flowers all 4-merous ok --» (5) Gerrardi.

Leaves softly pubescent on both surfaces, mem-

branous ; corolla-throat with a ring of hairs ;

flowers 4-merous ee at sts ... (6) dysophylla.

Cymes terminal; twigs often converted into spines ;

calyx longer than corolla-tube ; teeth long lanceolate

or linear or subulate ; corolla-lobes suberect ; stamens

inserted near base of corolla-tube ; anthers united

by an interlacing network of hairs, included and

hidden by ring of hairs in corolla-throat ; ovary

1-celled :

Twigs densely pubescent ; leaves softly puberulous on

both surfaces ; bracts and calyx-teeth pubescent ;

corolla puberulous outside ... sas ae eg

Twigs glabrous ; leaves glabrous or with only tufts of

hair in the angles between the nerves beneath ;

bracts, calyx-teeth and corolla outside glabrous .... (8) spinosa.

(7) schumanniana.

1. S. Atherstonei (Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 41, t. 164); a tree 20-25

ft. high, 1-14 ft. in diam.; twigs knotted; leaves coriaceous,

glabrous, dull green, ovate or obovate, obtuse or retuse, base

narrow-cuneate, 3-nerved from very near base, 1-1} in. long, 4—7

lin. wide; petiole glabrous, 1-14 lin. long; cymes 3-5-flowered,

6-8 lin. long, as much across, axillary or from older wood ;

peduncles 3 lin. long; bracts § lin. long; pedicels 1} lin. long,

glabrous ; calyx wide-campanulate, } lin. long ; teeth 5, triangular,

hardly longer than tube ; corolla greenish, 3 lin. long ; tube shorter

than lobes ; lobes 5, at length spreading, outside glabrous, within

pubescent with long hairs except at the callous tip; stamens 5,

adnate to corolla-throat, exserted; filaments subulate, slender,

longer than anthers; ovary 2-celled ; ovules several in each cell ;

berry 1-seeded, globose, 6—7 lin. in diam. ; seeds peltate, subcom- »

pressed. Fourcade, Rep. Natal For. 1889, 115 ; Sim, For. Fl. Cap.

273, t.111, fig. I. S. Baculum, Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 41. 8. decussata,

Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 121. Atherstonea decussata, Pappe,

Silva Cap. ed. 2, 29.

Coast Recon: Port Elizabeth Div.; Kakakama, Zeyher, 3368! Alexandria

Div. ; Olifants Hoek, Pappe! Nightingale in MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm.

Austr.-Afr. 1000 ! Bathurst Div. ; by the Kowie River, Atherstone !

Easrern Region: Natal ; near ban, Gerrard and McKen, 847! Botanic

Gardens, Wood, 1926! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 262!

small tree ; bark corky, fissured; leaves thickly =

__ London Div. ; Quelegha Forest, Hutchins in Herb. MacOwan, 2884!

1052 LOGANIACE& (Prain and Cummins). — [| Strychnos.

with a rigid spinous tip, base cuneate or rounded, 5-nerved, the outer

nerves slender submarginal arising from base, the pair next midrib

also from base or closely applied to midrib from }—1 lin. above base,

14-2 in. long, 4-1} in. wide ; petiole glabrous, stout, 1 lin. long ;

cymes 5-9-flowered, 5—7 lin. long, as much across, almost all from

below leaves ; peduncles obsolete ; bracts } lin. long ; pedicels stout,

4 lin. long, pubescent ; calyx ovate, $ lin. long; teeth 5, ovate,

obtuse, with ciliate margins; tube obsolete ; corolla white, 3 lin.

long ; tube rather longer than lobes ; lobes 5, at length spreading,

- outside glabrous, within with a ring of hairs at throat ; stamens 5,

adnate to corolla-throat; filaments very short ; anthers exserted ;

ovary 2-celled ; style sparingly hairy at base ; ovules several in each

cell; berry globose, resting on accrescent calyx-lobes, when ripe

“as large as a cannon-ball” (Buchner); “5 in. in diam.”

(Leendertz). Solered. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 554. 8. occidentalis,

Solered. in Engl. und Prantl, Pfllanzenfam. iv. ii. 40.

Katanart Recion : Transvaal ; Magaliesberg Range, Burke, 56! Zeyher, 1185 !

Mclea in Herb. Bolus, 5710! near Aapies River, 5300 ft., Schlechter, 3621!

Aapies Poort, near Pretoria, Rehmann, 4161! hills near Pretoria, Miss Leendert:,

382! Jeppestown Ridge, near Johannesburg, 6000 ft., Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin,

6153! near Nylstroom, Burtt Davy, 2101!

Also in Tropical Africa,

3. 8. Henningsii (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 569); a tree 30-40

ft. high; bark pale below, green above; twigs knotted ; leaves

thinly coriaceous, glabrous, dark green shining above, paler and

dull beneath, wide ovate, gradually narrowed in upper third to an

obtuse or subacute tip, base wide-cuneate or rounded, usually

gradually increasing in size upwards from base to apex of twig but

occasionally all remaining small throughout, 3- or 5-nerved from or

from very near the base, 1-34 in. long, 3-24 in. wide; petiole

glabrous, 2-3 lin. long ; cymes simple, 3—5-flowered or once (some-

times twice) decussately branched, each branch 3-5-flowered,

axillary ; main peduncles 3-6 lin. long ; branches when present 2-3

lin. long; bracts } lin. long; pedicels subobsolete ; calyx wide

campanulate, } lin. long ; teeth 5, suborbicular, with ciliate margins ;

‘tube very short; corolla white, at length becoming pale orange,

thick, 3 lin. long ; tube hardly as long as lobes ; lobes 5, at length

spreading, quite glabrous without and within ; stamens 5, adnate to

corolla-throat ; filaments very short, thick; anthers exserted ;

ovary 2-celled, and style glabrous; ovules solitary in each cell ;

berry globose, orange-red, when ripe 6 lin. in diam., almost always

l-seeded ; seed globose or ovoid, 3 lin. in diam. Wood, Natal

‘Plants, iii. 24, t. 247 ; Sim, For. Fl. Cap. 273, t. 112. S. Umbanda,

Fourcade, Rep. Natal For. 1889, 116. S. utilis, Sim ex Lister om

Rep. Cape For. 1897, 98 ; Sim, For. Fl. Cap. 273. ao

—Oaiany eto 979 | East

King Williamstown Div. ; Perie Forest, Scott Elliot,

Strychnos.| LOGANTACEA (Prain and Cummins). 1055

EASTERN Recton: Pondoland, Bachmann, 1745; Sim. Natal; Tugela River,

Gerrard, 1917! Umcomaas, McKen, 10! Berea, near Durban, Wood, 6672! 7978,

and without precise locality, Mrs. K. Saunders |

4. 8. pauciflora (Gilgin Engl. Jahrb. xxviii, 121) ; an erect shrub ;

twigs 4-angled; bark white; leaves chartaceous, glabrous, dark

green shining above, paler and dull beneath, oval, subacute or

acute, slightly softly mucronulate, base wide-cuneate or rounded,

3-nerved from or from very near the base, Z-l4 in. long, 4-9 lin,

wide ; petiole glabrous, }—1 lin. long; cymes simple or branched,

3-15-flowered, axillary, 14-4 lin. long, 13-3 lin. across ; peduncles

I lin. long, puberulous ; bracts 4 lin. long ; pedicels } lin. long,

slender, puberulous ; calyx ovate, } lin. long ; teeth 5 or 4, ovate,

with ciliate margins ; tube subobsolete ; corolla white, 1} lin. long ;

tube hardly as long as lobes; lobes usually 5, sometimes 4, at

length spreading, outside glabrous, within with a ring of hairs at

throat ; stamens usually 5, sometimes 4, adnate to corolla-throat ;

filaments about as long as anthers, filiform; anthers distinctly

exserted ; ovary 2-celled and style glabrous ; ovules several in each

cell ; fruit not seen.

Eastern Recion: Lourenco Marques, 100 ft., Schlechter, 11682 !

5. 8. Gerrardi (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1896, 162); a tree

30-40 ft. high; bark grey; leaves thinly coriaceous or almost

chartaceous, glabrous, dark green shining above, paler and dull

beneath, elliptic or oblong or subobovate, obtuse or rarély subacute,

base cuneate, margin faintly crisped, distinctly 3-nerved, lateral

nerves closely applied to midrib from 2-4 lin. above the base, 11-4

in. long, }-1} in. wide; petiole glabrous, slender, 1-3 lin. long ;

cymes 3—5-flowered, axillary or from wood below leaves, 4—6 lin.

long, as much across ; peduncles 1-2 lin. long; bracts lin. long ;

pedicels $—1} lin. long, glabrous; calyx campanulate, I lin. long ;

teeth 4, oblong, with ciliate margins; tube subobsolete ; corolla

white or yellow, 3 lin. long; tube as long as lobes ; lobes 4, at

length spreading, outside glabrous, within with a ring of hairs at

throat ; stamens 4, adnate to corolla-throat ; filaments subobsolete :

anthers slightly exserted ; ovary 2-celled, in the upper half pilose

like the base of the style with long white hairs; ovules several in

each cell ; berry globose, when ripe yellow, 3 (less often 4) in. in

diam. ; seeds few, irregularly ovoid, subcompressed, 8 lin. long,

6 lin. wide, 4 lin. thick. Wood and Evans, Natal Plants, i. 16, t. 16.

S. Mackenii, Harv. MSS. in Mus. Kew. ; Gerrard MSS. ex Fourcade

in Rep. Natal For. 1889, 116. S. McKenii, Gerrard ex Wood and

Evans, Natal Plants, i. 16.

Eastern Reaton: Natal ; Nonoti River, Gerrard, 1421! Umcomaas, Gerrard

and MeKen, 1422 (as to the leaves in Herb. Kew.)! near Durban, McKen, 726!

in gardens, Wood, 1777! Berea, Wood, 5624! and without precise locality,

Cooper! Gerrard, 774!

"1429, in the Herbarium Priantae Row.” “This speaks of the fruit as “small” and may

1054 LOGANIACE.E (Prain and Cummins). — [S/ryehnos.

indicate that either S. Atherstonci or S. Henningsii may have been confused with

S.. Gerrardi to which the leaves accompanying the note belong. There is no

example of the fruit referred to in the note in the Kew Herbarium. According

to Mr. Medley Wood the secondary branches of this Strychnos frequently grow

vertically upwards, thus giving the tree a characteristic and readily recognisable

appearance,

6. 8. dysophylla (Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soe. i. 103) ; a shrub or

low tree; bark dark brown; twigs pubescent ; leaves membranous,

dark green pubescent above, paler densely velvety beneath, ovate or

obovate or suborbicular, rounded at apex, base cuneate or rounded,

distinctly 3-nerved, lateral nerves closely applied to midrib from

2—4 lin, above base, often in addition a fairly distinct pair of nerves

nearer the margin leave midrib close to base, 11—2 in. long, -14 in.

wide ; petiole velvety, }—1 lin. long ; cymes 3—5-flowered, almost all

on wood below leaves, 3-4 lin. long, as much across; peduncles

short, velvety; bracts puberulous, } lin. long ; pedicels very short,

velvety ; calyx campanulate, 1 lin. long; teeth 4, oblong, with

ciliate margins and sparsely pubescent outside; corolla white,

24 lin. long; tube rather longer than lobes; lobes 4, at length

spreading, outside glabrous, within with a ring of hairs at throat ;

stamens 4, adnate to corolla-throat, filaments very short ; anthers

slightly exserted ; ovary 2-celled ; ovules several in each cell ; berry

globose, black, ‘sweet, well-tasted” (Baines). S. randixformis,

Baill. Bull, Soc. Linn. Par. i. 246.

Karanart Recion : Transvaal ; on the red sand flats to the west of Blueberg

and Hangklip Mountains, south of the Limpopo River, Baines !

Eastern Recion: Delagoa Bay, Forbes! Katembe, Schlechter, 4615! Natal ;

Tugela, Gerrard, 1660! 5

7. 8. schumanniana (Gilg in Warb. Kunene-Samb. Exped. 330) ;

a shrub or small tree 8-25 ft. high; bark corky ; twigs densely

pubescent, often ending in rigid bare spines 3—4 lin. long ; leaves

herbaceous, pale green, dull and finely pubescent especially on the

nerves on both surfaces, wide ovate, usually- rounded, sometimes

wide acuminate, almost always with a short soft mucro, base

rounded or abruptly cuneate, usually 5-nerved occasionally 7 -nerveil

from near base, sometimes 5—7-plinerved with lateral nerves closely

applied to midrib for varying and irregular distances, at times as

much as 10-12 lin. above base, 11-3 in. long, 3—2 in. wide ; petiole

stout, densely pubescent, 1-3 lin. long ; cymes terminal on young

twigs, simple, 3—5-flowered, or branched, each branch 3—5-flowered ;

main peduncles 3-5 lin. long, densely pubescent ; bracts subulate,

| lin, long, pubescent ; calyx campanulate, 2 lin. long; tube very

short ; teeth 5, linear, pubescent ; corolla white, 3 lin. long; tube

_campanulate, nearly twice as long as lobes ; lobes 5, hardly spread- —

ing, puberulous outside, within with a ring of long hairs at throat ;

stamens 5, inserted at base of corolla-tube, included and hidden by

the hairs on corolla-throat ; filaments filiform ; anthers laterally

Siryehnos.| — LOGANTACRA (Prain and Cummins), 1055

connected by long interwoven hairs ; ovary l-celled ; berry globose,

3 in. in diam. ; seeds many, flat, embedded in a sour or bitter

pulp.

Katanari Reaion: Transvaal ; Magaliesberg Range, at Wonderboom Poort,

5000 ft., Schlechter, 3630! Avoca, near Barberton, 1800 ft., Galpin, 895 !

8. S. spinosa (Lam. Ill. ii. 38); a shrub 8-10 ft. high ; twigs

glabrous, often ending in rigid bare spines 6-8 lin. long ; leaves

herbaceous, rather pale green and dull on both surfaces, glabrous

above, beneath often with a patch of silky hairs in the angles

between main-nerves and midrib, otherwise glabrous, obovate or

suborbicular or ovate, usually rounded, sometimes acute, sometimes

retuse at apex, almost always with a short soft mucro, base gradually

or abruptly cuneate or rounded, usually 5-nerved, outer pair of

nerves from near base, next pair usually closely applied to midrib

from 2-4 lin. above base, 14-2 in. long, ?-1} in. wide ; petiole

glabrous, 1-3 lin. long ; cymes terminal on young twigs, simple,

3—5-flowered, or once (less often twice) branched, each branch

3—5-flowered ; main-peduncles 2-3 lin. long, puberulous, branches

2—I lin, long ; bracts narrow lanceolate, 1} lin. long ; pedicels very

short ; calyx campanulate, 2 lin. long ; tube very short ; teeth 5,

lanceolate-subulate, glabrous or puberulous ; corolla greenish-white,

2 lin. long ; tube campanulate, as long as lobes ; lobes 5, hardly

spreading, glabrous outside, within with a ring of long hairs at

throat ; stamens 5, inserted at base of corolla-tube, included and

hidden by the hairs on corolla-throat ; filaments filiform ; anthers

laterally connected by long interwoven hairs 3 Ovary 1-celled ;

ovules many on a central placenta ; berry globose, 3-4 in. in diam.,

at first green, at length yellow ; seeds many, flat, embedded in a

sweet pulp. Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 702; Baker in Dyer,

Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 536 ; Sim, For. Fl. Cap. 274, t. 111, Jig. 2.

S. Vuntac, Boj. Hort. Maurit. 205. 8S. Lokua, A. Rich. Tent. Fl.

Abyss. ii. 53. 8. laxa, Solered. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 554. Caniram

Vontac, Thouars in Dict. Se. Nat. vi. 428. Brehmia spinosa, Harv. in

Hook. Lond. Journ, Bot. i. (1842) 26; DC. Prodr. ix. 18 ; Baker, FI.

Maurit. 235,

Coast Rearon : Albany Diy., Bowker !

KALAHARI Reaion : Transvaal ; Crocodile Poort, near Barberton, Galpin, 1075!

* | Eastern Recion: Pondoland; between Umtentu River and Umzimkulu River,

Drige! Natal; near Durban, Plant ! Wilms, 2006! Inanda, Wood, 1084! and

without. precise locality, Gerrard and MeKen, 591! Gerrard, 67! Delagoa Bay ;

3 miles north-west of Lourenco Marques, Bolus, 9704!

Also in Tropical Africa,

This species is very nearly related to the preceding. The two belong to a group

of forms recognised by the late Dr. Harvey as constituting a distinct genus.

Whatever rank may be assigned to this group it will be seen from their characters

that they differ more essentially from the remaining species of Strychnos than any

‘Species of Chilianthus does from the species included in the genus Buddleia. It is,

| however, more convenient, in a work like the present, to leave all four groups

ae ia, Chilianthus, Strychnos and Brehmia in the positions assigned to them in

| ene wed Hocker enete Harter fis osealisoni

1056 GENTIANEA (Hill and Prain).

OrpEr XC. GENTIANEZ.

(By A. W. Hint and D, Pram.)

Flowers usually regular and hermaphrodite. Calyx inferior

4-6-lobed or -partite; lobes usually imbricate. Corolla gamo-

petalous ; tube campanulate, funnel-shaped or cylindric, sometimes

with a constricted limb; lobes 4—6, contorted, imbricate or

induplicate-valvate. Stamens 4—6, inserted in the corolla-tube or on

the corolla-throat ; filaments filiform or dilated at the base ; anthers

dorsifixed or basifixed, sometimes spirally twisted, dehiscence

longitudinal or at times by apical pores or slits. Disk obsolete or

annular or 5 hypogynous glands. Ovary superior, 2-carpelled, cells

2 or 1; ovules on each placenta usually numerous ; style simple ;

stigma entire or 2-lobed. Fruit usually a capsule, dehiscence

usually septicidally 2-valved, sometimes partial and 4-valved ;

oceasionally fruit subindehiscent. Seeds usually sessile, albuminous,

sometimes winged; testa crustaceous or membranous; embryo

small.

Annual or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs, nearly always glabrous ; leaves usually —

opposite (in Menyanthex alternate) ; flowers in Bei al cynics or fascicles ; cymes

sometimes paniculate, or axillary and fasciculate or solitary.

Species about 600, most plentiful in temperate regions throughout the globe ; _—

also on tropical mountains,

Tribe 1. Exace®.—Leaves opposite. Corolla-lobes contorted. ' Ovary 2-celled.

I. Sebxa.—Disk-glands between calyx and corolla 0, Style usually with a

2-glandular swelling near the base,

Il. Exochenium.—Disk-glands present between calyx and corolla. Style v

without a 2-glandular swelling. ot

Tribe 2. CHrronte®.—Leaves opposite. Corolla-lobes contorted, without nectaries.

Ovary 1-celled ; placentas intruded.

III. Orphium.—More or less pubescent. Calyz-lobes obtuse, without keels.

Crenulate disk between calyx and corolla. Flowers 5-merous in term!

cymes. ee

IV. Chironia.—Glabrous. Calyx-lobes usually acute, keeled. No disi: between

ealyx and corolla, Flowers 5-merous in terminal cymes ; cymes some-

times reduced to a solitary flower, sometimes paniculate. ;

V. Enicostema.—Glabrous. Flowers 5-merous, in axillary fascicles.

VL. Faroa.—Qlabrous. Flowers 4-merous, in terminal and axillary fascicles.

Tribe 3. SweRTIER,—Leaves opposite. _Corolla-lobes contorted, with basal nectaries

on their inner face. Ovary 1-celled; placentas parietal. _ eo

_ VIL. Swertia.—The only South African genus. es

‘Tribe 4, Menvanrne,-—Leaves alternate or all radical. Corolla-lobes induplieate-

__-valvate. Ovary 1-celled ; placentas parietal. ae

Sebeea. | GENTIANES (Hill and Prain). 1057

I. SEBAA, Soland.

Calyx 4-5-lobed ; tube usually short or very short; lobes ovate,

acute or acuminate, keeled or winged. Corolla 4—5-lobed ; tube

cylindric, long or short; lobes oblong, spreading, contorted in

wstivation. Stamens 4-5, inserted at or shortly below corolla

sinuses ; filaments exserted or included, sometimes very short ;

authers with or without an apical gland, sometimes with two at the

base. Ovary 2-celled ; placentas axile ; ovules many ; style filiform,

usually with a pair of papillate or glandular patches (apparently

stigmatic) like a tubercular swelling near the base ; stigma capitate,

clavate or bilobed, sometimes almost confluent with the swellings. .

Capsule globose or ovoid, membranous or thinly coriaceous, septicidal,

valves 2. Seeds many, minute and simple or larger and ridged or

provided with frills.

Annuai, biennial or perennial herbs; stems erect or more rarely procumbent,

simple or branched with decurrent wings ; leaves opposite, sessile, herbaceous,

eshy or coriaceous, sometimes forming a radical rosette; flowers small or of

moderate size, yellow, less commonly white, arranged in terminal and axillary

dichotomous cymes rarely solitary.

Disrris. Species about 100, chiefly in South Africa, a few in Tropical Africa,

Madagascar, India, Australia and New Zealand.

Following the course adopted by Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii.

1903, the genera Lagenias, E. Meyer, and Belmontia, E, Meyer, have been

merged into Sebwa, Soland., since the differences between the 3 original genera

appear to be of too slight a nature to be of generic value. In Benth. and Hook. f.

Gen. Plant. vol. ii., the genus Lagenias is included with Sebxa, but Belmontia is

maintained and Exochenium, Griseb., is merged into it. In Engl. und Prantl,

Pflanzenfamilien, iv. ii., Gilg keeps up Sebea, Lagenias and Belmontia as distinct

genera but unites Grisebach’s Exochenium with the latter. In the present work

Exochenium is maintained as a distinct genus (cf. Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss.

2° sér, vi. 714). The sections of this genus have been defined and some critical

notes on the species published in the Kew Bulletin, 1908, 317-336.

Section 1. TETRANDRIA. Calyx-segments, corolla-lobes and anthers, 4.

Leaves numerous : :

Leaves crowded towards the base to form a kind of :

elongated basal rosette ... wes oe +» (1) capitata.

Leaves scattered all along the stems : :

Stems stout ; leaves ovate or cordate, coriaceous... (2) selerosepala.

Stems slender; leaves lanceolate or ovate, herba-

ceous, subpetiolate ... ... s+ eee (3) laxa,

Leaves in 3-6 pairs : ws

Leaves more or less fleshy, glaucous : oy

Calyx-segments broad, elliptic-obovate, apiculate,

without keel or wing ... ae ae ... (A) albens.

x-segments with apical keel-wing:

Flowers collected into small capitula; bracts

deltoid or ovate-deltoid : ON et

= ~—

Cr ORT aa

tee

1058 GENTIANE® (Hill and Prain). | Sebeea.

Flowers small; anthers 1- re lin. long 5 ae aS

24-33 lin. long n. . (6) ambigua.

Flowers in much-branched distinct ayes ... (7) gibbosa.

Calyx-segments with median Seine: ; bracts

more or less rhumboid-ovate ... . (8) glauca.

Leaves herbaceous or slightly fleshy, bright ‘caeeac

Calyx-segments keeled, or with a wing widest at

the middle :

Calyx-segments with a keel or very slight keel-

wing; style with a median swelling ... (9) aurea.

Calyx-segments with oar _— wt

without swelling... . (10) Schlechteri.

Calyx-segments with wings 3-$ tis, ‘Niiedk widen

towards the base :

Corolla-lobes equal in length to the tube;

anthers about 4 lin. long:

Stigma clavate, bilabiate os ae .. (11) ochroleuca.

Stigma capitate... ; : a . (12) Gilgii.

Corolla-lobes longer then. the ine: ; nian

3-1 lin. long .. "ges e : . (18) pallida.

Section 2, PENTANDRIA. Calyx-segments, corolla-lobes and anthers 5.

Calyx-segments united to form a cylindrical tube for ?

or more of their length; stamens inserted in

corolla-tube .... a ‘ i . (14) compacta.

Calyx-segments more or less fess or ‘fuse for inl

more than } their length ; stamens inserted either

in sinuses or in corolla-tube :

Sub-section 1. Annum. Erect annuals with 2-6

(rarely more) pairs of leaves; style usually with

biglandular swelling near the base ; stigma above

the anthers,

*Plants 3-6 (rarely 8) in. high ; stems simple, rarely

branching from the base :

Group 1. Jageniades. Leaves linear- or ovate-

lanceolate ; anthers inserted in the corolla- ,

tube ; style without biglandular swelling :

Filaments 3-14 lin. long; stigma capitate ... (15) pusilla.

Filaments very short ; stigma shortly bilobed... (16) rara.

Group 2. Filiformes. Leaves minute, more or

less filiform ; stamens inserted in the corolla-

sinuses ; style usually with biglandular

swelling.

Oelys-segmenita united below to form a shallow

cup, wings broad... ww ... (17) mirabilis.

Calyx-segments united below to seks a shallow

cup, wings narrow :

Inflorescence branched ; flowers a ee

- ovate-lanceolate ... al ee. 8) Junodii.

Flowers weuelly. borne singly, conspicuous

Sebea. } GENTIANE (Hill and Prain). 1059

Group 3. Ovatz. Leaves ovate or cordate,

usually conspicuous ;. stamens inserted in the

corolla-sinuses or tube ; ; style usually with

biglandular swelling. (See also 39, S.

pentandra.)

Stamens inserted in the corolla sinuses :

Calyx-segments keeled.. ry ssi . (21). caladenia.

Calyx-segments wine wings widest at the

middle ; anthers with only apical glands :

Anthers } ‘lin. long ; style ? lin. long . (22) acutiloba.

Anthers ?-1 lin. long ; style 2-3 lin. long. (23) grisebachiana.

Calyx-segments winged, wings widest at the

base :

Anthers without glands... a ... (24) schizostigma.

Anthers with apical glands :

Anthers 14-14 lin. long ; “— and

swelling separated ... - (25) saccata.

Anthers 4~} lin. long; stigma and awell-

ing more or less confluent ... . (26) Zeyherii.

Anthers with apical and basal glands :

Stigma elongate, ligulate... ae ... (27) sulphurea.

Stigma shortly clavate, bilabiate --» (28) seabra.

Stamens inserted in the corolla-tube :

Plants slender ; leaves small ; calyx-segments

keeled :

Anthers : lin. long ; style 2-3 lin. long ;

corolla-lobes erosely toothed . . (29) erosa,

Anthers 4 lin. long; style 1} lin, long ;

corolla-lobes entire... ob .-- (30) pygmea.

Plants robust; leaves conspicuous; calyx-

‘segments widely winged at the base :

Flowers large ; me and silos snd ‘sepa-

rated ae ... (31) exacoides.

Flowers saa : i pus peeling con-

fluent :

' Calyx-segment wings fringed with

bristles ; corolla-tube 24-33? lin. :

long ; lobes 13-2 lin. long ... _ ++» (32) micrantha.

Calyx-segment wings minutely pilose :

corolla-tube 33-44 lin. long ; lobes

24-34 lin. long Pa hes ... (33) intermedia.

**Plants 4-12 in. or as much as 30 in. high, with

usually a more or less conspicuous false rosette

of leaves ; stems usually much-branched from

the base :

Group 4. Rosulate. Stamens inserted in the

corolla-sinuses or tube.

Stamens inserted in the corolla-sinuses :

Calyx-segments keeled :

Anthers } lin. long, with 3 glands :

Style without swelling ; stigma clavate (34) Burchellii.

Style with swelling ; stigma capitate ... (35) Conrathii.

Anthers 1} lin. long, with large apical glands ed conspious.

1060 GENTIANEA (Hill and Prain). | Sebeea.

Anther-glands 3 ; stigma clavate :

Distinct leaf-rosette ; leaves orbicular ... (38) rotundifolia.

* Radical leaves deciduous or absent, pee

leaves elliptic-ovate ... is . (89) pentandra.

Calyx-segments winged, wings widest ‘anand

base :

Anthers without glands ; gion 8-1 lin.

long, clavate-bilabiate . ks . (40) macrostigma.

Anthers with 3 glands ; ‘stigma adit

clavate ... rae .. (41) ramosissima.

Stamens inserted in the Sort tate aa ... (42) primulina.

Sub-section 2. Prerennes. [Erect perennials or

biennials, with more than 6 pairs of leaves ; stems

branching from the base or from leaf-axils ;

stamens inserted either in the corolla-sinuses or

tube ; style usually with biglandular swelling

near the base ; stigma above the anthers.

Group 1. Zrectw. Stems simple or branched from

the base and terminated by definite, more or

less compact inflorescences. (See also 65,

S. Rudolfii.)

Plants 2-3 in. high; leaves in 6-8 esl ;

inflorescences 1—5-flowered .. ae . (43) vitellina.

Plants 5 in.-2 ft. or more high : jena

numerous; inflorescences more than 95-

flowered :

Calyx-segments keeled : .

Corolla-lobes longer than the tube.. ... (44) Dregei.

Corolla-lobes shorter than the eibas

Leaves ovate-lanceolate ; internodes _

inflorescence compact, capitate , (45) Schoenlandii.

Leaves broadly orbicular-ovate ; Site!

nodes short ; inflorescences more or

less open... oie vs . (46) sedoides.

Leaves broad, triangular-ovate ; suites

nodes short ; ; inflorescences of dense

terminal capitula ... ... . 47) contertifiors.

Calyx-segments winged :

Stamens inserted in the corolla-sinuses :

Anthers 4-3 lin. long ; style 2 lin. long (48) acuminata.

Anthers 23-33 lin. vices style 4 lin.

long «.. ‘i . (49) macrantha.

Anthers 1-2 lin, ‘Totig § ‘style 4-5 lin,

long:

Calyx-segments with a distinet wing ;

stigma capitate... ie os (50) erecta.

Calyx-segments with a narrow wing :

Leaves narrowly ovate or elliptical ;

style with swelling; stigma

shortly clavate ... sas sve Gl} ———

_ Leaves orbicular-ovate ; a coe

out sw (or if:

minute) ; die palate.

Group 2. Fastigiate. ‘Stems giving off humerous —

@2) eae

Scbea. | GENTIANE (Hill and Prain). 1061

Calyx-segments keeled or with a very narrow

keel-wing :

Plants much-branched from the base,

forming dense bushes, with numerous

axillary inflorescences :

Cordlla-lobes longer than the tube :

Anthers with 3 conspicuous glands ... (53) multiflora.

Anthers without glands a . (54) schinziana.

Corolla-lobes equal in length to the

tube ; anther-glands minute

Plants tall, branching above to form tee

terminal inflorescences :

Anthers with 3 minute glands ; stigma

shortly clavate; corolla-lobes loners

than the tube ... sie . (56) crassulefolia.

Anthers. with apical giants ; : atdoas

capitate :

Anthers # lin. long ; filaments 1-1} lin.

long ; corolla-lobes shorter than

the tube... sas a .. (57) Brehmeri.

Anthers 1-1} lin. long ; filaments 41

lin. long ; corolla-lobes Aotgeee in

length to the tube

Calyx-segments with a ddicavaiiia wing :

Wings of the calyx-segments developed only

from the middle to the base of each

segment ; fo. es bilobed, thick and

fleshy .., ;

Wings of the cal debit aavabieee

along the mints length of each seg-

ment ; stigma capitate or shortly

-« (55) macrophylla.

.. (58) leiostyla,

. (59) Macowanii.

clavate : mS :

Calyx-segments 43-5 ong, over-

lapping widely at the base . : .. (60) imbricata.

Calyx-segments Pr rt: long, ood widely

- overlapping at a

Anthers 3? lin. long ; stigma aren

; Baie tty ae .. (61) polyantha. —

Anthers 1-1

lin. long ; cen capi-

tate or 6. rtly clavate, distinct :

Corolla-lobes longer than the tube... (62) Rehmannii.

Corolla-lobes equal in length to the

tube :

Leaves orbicular-ovate to sub-

reniform, obtuse or apiculate ;

anthers 1-14 lin. long _ seta hymenosepaia.

Leaves broadly-ovate, acute

anthers 14-2 lin, long a * 64) fastigiata.

#+Stamens. inserted in covoila-babe aks ... (65) Rudolfii.

_ Sub-section 8. Repenres. Creeping or rosette-form-

ing perennials with numerous spathulate or ovate

—— Jeaves ; dataiite: Tediesdie ak soetiio vi tha desta. of

__ branches or borne on definite erect inflorescences.

i _ Stamens inserted in corolla-

" ae ier SEs eae Neeatane reeling oy

1a above anthers,

1062 GENTIANE# (Hill and Prain). | Sebeea.

Cymes almost sessile, 1-5-flowered :

Stamens in the corolla-sinuses ; anthers with

a yellow apical gland... is ... (66) repens.

Stamens inserted slightly below the corolla-

sinuses; anthers with a large black ,

apical gland : avs Es ... (67) Marlothii.

Cymes borne on erect stems ; stamens in the

corolla-sinuses or just below them :

Anthers with yellow apical glands and 2 basal

glands; filaments very short... ... (68) procumbens.

Anthers with large black apical glands ? minute

basal glands ; filaments } lin. long _—... (69) thodeana.

Group 2. Brevistylw. Stamens inserted in the —

corolla-tube ; style without biglandular swell-

ing; stigma below the base of the anthers.

Plants with a rosette of long spathulate leaves ;

inflorescence erect; anthers with a large

black apical gland... ee ius ... (70) spathulata.

Creeping or rosette-forming plants; flowers

usually solitary, terminal, almost sessile ;

anthers with 3 glands, yellow au ... (71) Thomasii.

1. 8. capitata (Cham. & Schlecht. in Linnea, i. 193); annual,

erect, 4-8 in. high, simple or branching at the base; leaves

herbaceous, ovate or elliptic, acute, basal leaves narrowed to a

short petiole, 5-7 lin. long, 24-44 lin. broad; cymes compact,

fastigiate, 5—-10-flowered ; branches 7-12 lin. long ; pedicels very

short, about } lin. long ; calyx-segments about 4 lin. long, boat-

shaped, ovate, acute, with a thickened wing ; corolla-tube 2—2} lin.

long ; lobes ovate, subacute, 3 lin. long, about 2 lin. broad ; anthers

1 lin. long, glands absent ; filaments about 1 lin. long ; style 2 lin,

long, without glandular swelling; stigma clavate (? biligulate).

Griseb. Gen. et Spec. Gent. 166, and in DC. Prodr. ix. 53; Schinz im

Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Gesellsch. Zitrich, xxvii. 313 ; Gilg in Engl.

Jahrb. xxvi. 87; Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvu.

(1903) 15.

Coast Recion: Cape Div. ; summit of Table Mountain, Burchell, 561!

hood Dod, 2122! 3500 ft., Miss Kensit in Herb. Bolus, 9356! Mund and

avre, :

size from the base, ovate or cordate, acute, 4—5 lin. long, i Wi lin. = a

ranches —

Sebeea. | GENTIANEA (Hill and Prain), 1063

_ _ Coast ReGion ; George Div. ; on the Post Berg (Cradock Berg), near George,

Burchell, 5897 ! Montagu Pass, Rehmann, 266 !

Sebxa sclerosepala shows striking similarity to S, capitata in certain particulars,

and it seems possible that further collections may require the union of these two

species. The few examples of these species in our herbaria show 8. sclerosepala to

be a taller plant than S. capitata with more scattered leaves and fewer flowered

inflorescences, the flowers also are larger. In both species, however, the anthers

are destitute of glands and the style has no glandular swelling.

3. 8. laxa (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1901, 128); annual,

erect, lax, 4-10 in. high, branched ; leaves numerous, lanceolate or

ovate, acute or acuminate, subpetiolate, 1-4 lin. long, 3-12 lin.

broad; cymes lax, 1-15-flowered; branches about 5 lin. long ;

pedicels 1-3 lin. long; calyx-segments 14 lin. long, lanceolate,

acute, with very narrow keel-wing ; corolla yellow ; tube 13-1 lin.

long ; lobes 2-24 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute or

subacute ; filaments } lin. long; anthers 4 lin. long, with apical

gland ; style 1} lin. long, with swelling, clavate. Schinz in Mitteil,

Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 21.

Coast Recion: Swellendam Div.; Zuurbraak Mountain, 3000 ft., Galpin,

4337 ! Riversdale Div. ; on the Kampsche Berg, Burchell, 7089 !

4. 8. albens (R. Br. Prodr. 452); annual, erect, unbranched,

stout ; leaves in 3-5 pairs, ovate, obtuse or subacute, somewhat

fleshy, 2-7 lin. long, 14-5 lin. broad ; cymes much-branched, many-

flowered, forming a flat corymbose inflorescence ; pedicels very short ;

calyx-segments elliptic-obovate, obtuse, apiculate, broadly rounded

on the back, neither keeled nor winged; corolla pale yellow or

white ; tube 1} lin. long; lobes 14-3} lin. long, 1-2 lin. broad,

oblong to elliptic, obtuse; anthers 4-1} lin. long, with a large

gland at the apex; style 1-22 lin. long, with a swelling rather

below the middle; stigma bilabiate. Griseb. Gen. et Spec. Gent.

171; and in DO. Prodr. ix. 53; Cham. in Linnea, vi. 345;

£. Meyer, Comm. 185; Schinz in Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Gesellsch.

Aiirich, xxxvii. 313 ; Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 88 ; Schinz in Mitteil.

Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 22. Exacum albens, Linn. f. Suppl.

123 (ewxel. syn. E. pedunculatum, Linn.). Gentiana albens, Thunb.

Prodr, 48,

Coast Rearon : Piquetberg Div. ; Piquetberg Range, near Groen Valley, below

1000 ft., Drége! Malmesbury Div. ; near Groene Kloof (Mamre), 300 ft., Bolus,

4308 ! Cape Div. ; Salt River, Burchell, 682! Green Point, Mactiillivray, 594 !

Cape Flats, 0-100 ft., MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1925! Fish Hoek Valley,

Wolley Dod, 3439! 3439a! by a creek beyond Paarden Island, Wolley Dod, 3311 ;

Sand-downs, Capetown, Prior! and without precise locality, Harvey, 612!

Thom, 652! Pappe! Wallich! Forster !

_ 5. 8. minutiflora (Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iii. 413) ; annual,

erect, 6-8 in. high, simple; leaves ovate or cordate, subacute,

4-6 lin. long, 4-7 lin. wide, more or less fleshy, smaller near

_ the base ; cymes corymbose, richly branched; main branches 14

1064 GENTIANE® (Hill and Prain). [ Sebeea.

in. long; pedicels and ultimate branches very short, with flowers

collected into small capitate cymules ; larger bracts deltoid-ovate,

smaller ovate ; calyx-segments 2 lin. long, obovate or more or less

cuneate, toothed, concave, with a short broad thick wing at the apex

only ; corolla white ; tube 1-2 lin. long ; lobes {-1 lin. long, 4-3

lin. wide, ovate, obtuse ; filaments very short ; anthers i lin. long,

with an apical gland ; style 1 lin. long, glandular thickening not

noticeable ; stigma capitate, minutely bifid. Gilg in Engl. Jahrb.

xxvi, 88; Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 16.

Coast Rgcion : Cape Div. ; shore at Slang Kop, Wolley Dod, 3253 ! Riversdale

Div. ; near Riversdale, 300 ft., Schlechter, 1701! Port Elizabeth Div. ; along the

Baakens River, near Port Elizabeth, Burchell, 4840! Port Elizabeth, £. S.C. A.

Herbarium, 71!

6. 8. ambigua (Cham. in Linnea, vi. 346 and viii. 52); annual,

erect, normally 3-6 in. rarely 12-16 in. high, simple or branching

from the base ; leaves in 4-5 pairs, fleshy, broadly ovate or cordate,

subacute, about 6 lin, long, 6 lin. wide; cymes densely branched ;

flowers collected into cymose capitula, inflorescence corymbose ;

bracts deltoid-ovate or ovate, more or less acute ; calyx-segments

2 lin. long, obovate or cuneate, rounded, erose, with a short broad

thickened wing at the apex only ; corolla-tube 2 lin. long; lobes _

2 lin, long, 1-14 lin. wide, ovate, rounded ; filaments about 1 lin.

long; anthers about 1 lin. long, with a large apical gland ; style

2-3 lin. long, with a median glandular swelling not always distinct ;

stigma shortly 2-lobed or subentire and clavate. Griseb. Gen. et

Spec. Gent. 171 and in DO. Prodr. ix. 52; Schinz in Vierteljahrsschr.

Natur. Gesellsch. Ziirich, xxvii. 315 ; Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 88 ;

Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 17; A. W. Hill

in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 320. S. aurea, R. Br., var. congesta, Eckl. et

Zeyh. ex Drege in Linnea, xx.195. S, crassulefolia, Zeyh., S. albens,

Zeyh., and S. pallida, Zeyh. non E. Meyer, ex Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr.

Ges. Liibeck, viii. (1903) 17. S. ambigua, var. gracilis, Cham. im

Linnea, vi. 346 ; Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903)

18 partly. S. ambigua, var. crassa, Cham. in Linnea, vi. 346 ;

Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 18.

Coast Rraion: Cape Div. ; in various localities near the sea shore on the Cape

Peninsula, Ecklon, 77! Burke! Prior! Harvey, 613! Milne, 64! MacGillivray,

593! 598b! Grey! Schlechter, 7308! Wolley Dod, 2013! 3062! 3273! Wilms,

3475, partly ! a

7. 8. gibbosa (Wolley Dod in Journ. Bot. 1901, 401) ; annual,

6-8 in. high, branching from the base; leaves in 6-8 pairs,

somewhat fleshy, broadly: ovate, obtuse or subacute, 3-6 lin, long;

3-6 lin. broad, subcordate at the base; cymes densely branched,

ultimate cymes distinct ; branches 7-9 lin. long ; pedicels 3-1} lin.

long; bracts lanceolate, acute ; calyx-segments 1 lin. long, obovate: —

oblong, concave, obtuse or apiculate, with an apical rather broad!

Sebeea. | GENTIANE# (Hill and Prain), 1065

gibbous keel-wing ; corolla-tube 1 lin. long; lobes 1-1} lin. long,

about ? lin. broad, ovate-oblong, obtuse ; filaments ? lin. long ;

anthers $—} lin. long, with an apical gland; style about 2 lin. long,

with inconspicuous glandular swelling; stigma subclavate, entire.

A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 321. 8. ambigua, var. gracilis,

Cham. in Linnea, vi. 346; Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck,

xvii. (1903) 18 partly.

Coast Reaion : Cape Div. ; Muizenberg Vley, by the railway, Wolley Dod, 2382 !

This species resembles S$. ambigua, Cham., in the character of its leaves and

calyx-segments, but differs markedly in its inflorescences and bracts, in which it

approaches more nearly to S, aurea, R. Br.

8. 8. glauca (A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 321); annual,

4-5 in. high, simple or branching from base ; leaves in 4 pairs,

fleshy, broadly ovate, obtuse, 4—5 lin. long, 3-34 lin. broad ; cymes

densely branched forming a corymb; ultimate cymes crowded ;

branches }-1} in. long; flowers almost sessile ; bracts rhomboid-

ovate or narrowly ovate ; calyx-segments obovate, concave, truncate,

erose, apiculate, 2-24 lin. long, with a keel-wing broadest at the

middle, }—} lin. wide ; corolla-tube 21 lin, long; lobes 21 lin. long,

1} lin. broad, ovate, subapiculate ; filaments } lin. long; anthers

about } lin. long, with a large apical gland ; style about 2 lin. long,

with a median swelling ; stigma bilabiate.

eee Recion: Cape Div. ; roadside near Little Lions head, Wolley Dod,

3273a !

Similar to 8. ambigua, Cham., in vegetative habit, but differs in the cymes not

being collected into dense heads, in the bracts and especially in the calyx-lobes

with their wings broadest at the middle, in which respect it approaches S. pallida,

KE. Meyer. It is not improbable that this plant may be a hybrid between

S. ambigua and S, pallida,

9. 8. aurea (R. Br. Prodr. 452) ; annual, 2-9 in. high, simple,

but sometimes branching from the base; leaves in 3-5 pairs,

herbaceous, broadly ovate or cordate, acute or subacute, basal pair

smallest, 14-8 lin. long, 1-6 lin. broad ; cymes very variable, but of

« densely branched corymbose type; branches very variable ;

pedicels 2-3 lin. long; calyx-segments lanceolate or oblong-

lanceolate, concave, mucronate, 1-14 lin, long, with a keel or very

slight keel-wing, broadest at the middle; corolla yellow to white ;

tube 1-2 lin. long ; lobes 1-24 lin. long, 3-1} lin. wide, ovate-oblong,

subacute ; filaments lin. long; anthers 3-1 lin. long, with

a large apical gland; style 1-24 lin. long, with a median

swelling ; stigma entire and clavate or subcapitate or bifid with

broad lobes. Griseb. Gen. et Spec. Gent. 167 and in DC. Prodr.

ix. 52 ; Cham. in Linnea, vi. 346 ; E. Meyer, Comm. 185; Schinz in

Vierteljahreschr. Naturf. Ges. Ziirich, xxxvii. 315 ; Knoblauch in Bot. —

Centralbl. Ix. 324 ; Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 88 ; Schinz in Mitteil.

Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 18; A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin,

= : 1908, 321. 8. aurea, var. genuina, Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr, Ges. — ; :

1066 GENTIANEA (Hill and Prain). [ Sebeea.

Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 19; forma wurmbeana, E. Meyer, Comm. 185

(probably =var. sulphurea, Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 167); Schina in

Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 19. S. aurea, var. pallens,

Berg. in Griseb, Gen. et Spec. Gent. 167 ; Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr.

Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 19 ; forma cymosa, Schinz in Mitteil.

Geogr. Ges, Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 20; forma gracilis, Schinz in Mitteil.

Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 20. C. cymosa, Jaroscz, Pl. Nov.

Cap. 10. S. minima, Jaroscz, Pl. Nov. Cap. 11. Exacum sessile, Linn.

Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 112, partly, ed. 2, 163, partly ; not of Griseb. Gren. et Sp.

Gent.113. Exacum awreum, Linn. f. Suppl. 123 ; Lam. Ilustr. i. 321,

t. 80, fig. 2. Gentiana aurea, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. 2, i. 171.—

Centaurium minus aureum, etc., Pluk. Almagest. ii. 94, t. 279, fig. 3.

Centaurium angustifolium, ete., Burm. Rar. Afr. Pl. 206, t. 74, fig. 4.

Var. B, alata (A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 322), a well-marked varietal

form with usually tall stems and long internodes; the calyx-segments have

pronounced wings broadest at the middle }-? lin. wide.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Forster! Wallich! Thom! Pappe! Var. B,

Drége! Pappe !

Coast REcion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Wupperthal, Drége! Tulbagh Div. ; near

Tulbagh, Pappe! Worcester Div.; Hex River Valley, 1700 ft., Tyson, 807!

Cape Div. ; flats and hills around Cape Town, Burchell, 158! Harvey, 616!

Ecklon, 732! 733! Bolus, 2876! MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm, Austr.-Afr.

365; Drege! Wolley Dod, 3330! 3111! 3204! Wilms, 3436! Slang Kop Riyer,

Wolley Dod, 3254! Fish Hoek Valley, Wolley Dod, 3438! Simon’s Bay,

MacGillivray, 592! Wright! Riversdale Div. ; Heidelberg, 500 ft., Galpin, 4335 !

near Zoetemelks River, Burchell, 6731! George Div. ; near George, Burchell,

6008! 6060! Var. 8: Clanwilliam Div.; Blue Berg, Drége! Cape Div. ; Sand-

flats between Tigerberg and Blueberg, Drége! Lion Mountain, Drege! Cape

Flats, Zeyher, 3420! Stellenbosch Div. ; near Stellenbosch, Marloth, 3441 !

A very variable plant in general appearance and also in the details of the flower ;

sometimes flowers with entire and 2-lobed stigmas occur on the same individual.

The forms which have been included under S. awrea proper can be easily distin-

guished from the variety var. alata by the absence of a distinct wing from the

calyx-segments,

10. 8. Schlechteri (Schinz in Engl. Jahrb. xxiv. 454) ; annual,

erect, unbranched, 3-4 in. high, slender ; leaves in 4-5 pairs, ovate-

cordate or broadly ovate, subacute, 14-3 lin. long, 3-24 lin. broad ;

cymes small, simple, 3-7-flowered, compact ; branches 2} lin. long ;

pedicels very short ; calyx-segments about 2 lin. long, lanceolate,

acute, concave, with keel-wing } lin. broad, broadest about the

middle ; corolla yellow ; tube 12-2 lin. long; lobes 14-14 lin. long,

3 lin. wide, ovate, subacute; filaments ? lin. long ; anthers about

1 lin. long, with very small apical gland ; style 1} lin. long, swelling

not obvious ; stigma shortly clavate, bilabiate. Schinz in Bull. Herb.

Boiss. vi. 527 ; Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 88 ; Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr.

Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 21.

Coast ReGion : Paarl Div. ; French Hoek, 3000 ft., Schlechter, 9307 !

AL. 8. ochroleuca (Wolley Dod in Journ. Bot. 1901, 400) ;

annual, erect, 1}—3} in. high, usually simple below, branching abo

Segments and by the larger and more

Sebzea. | GENTIANE# (Hill and Prain). 1067

into a fairly dense more or less corymbose inflorescence ; leaves in

3—6 pairs, broadly ovate, acute, 3-5 lin. long, 2-4 lin. broad ; cymes

compact corymbose ; primary branches } to 14 in. long ; pedicels

from almost sessile to 4 lin. long ; calyx-segments 2 lin. long, ovate,

acute, boat-shaped, mucronate, with a keel-wing } lin. broad,

broadest below the middle; corolla-tube about 2 lin. long ; lobes

2 lin. long, about 1 lin. broad, elliptic, obtuse, apiculate ; filaments

very short; anthers } lin. long, with an apical gland ; style 14 lin.

long, with a median swelling ; stigma clavate, more or less deepl

bilabiate. Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 20.

Coasr Reaion: Cape Div. ; Fish Hoek Valley, Wolley Dod, 3486! behind

Houtsbay hotel, Wolley Dod, 3270! west slope of Slang Kop, Wolley Dod, 3146 !

$252! near Smitswinkel bay, Wolley Dod, 3058 !

12. 8. Gilgii (Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. 1903,

27) ; annual, erect, unbranched, slender, 2-8 in. high ; leaves in

3—5 pairs, obovate, obtuse or subacute, 1-3 lin. long, $—14 lin. broad,

slightly coriaceous ; cymes few-flowered, compact ; branches 3-5 lin.

long ; calyx-segments 14-1} lin. long, obovate-oblong, slightly erose,

mucronate, with narrow keel-wing, most definite above middle ;

corolla-tube 13-2 lin. long; lobes 13 lin. long, ovate, obtuse or

subacute ; filaments 3-} lin. long; anthers 3—} lin. long, with an

apical gland; style 1 lin. long, with swelling; stigma capitate

A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 322.

Coast Recon: Cape Div. ; near a stream on a flat on Muizenberg Mountain,

alt. 1300 ft., Schlechter, 150!

13. 8. pallida (E. Meyer, Comm. 185); annual, erect, 3-5 in.

high, simple or branching from the base ; leaves in about 4 pairs,

herbaceous, cordate or ovate, more or less acute, basal leaves

smaller, 2-4 lin. long, 2-4 lin. broad ; cymes usually consisting

of 2 main branches, more or less densely branched ; corymbose

branches 6-12 lin. long; pedicels 2-3 lin. long; calyx-segments

oblong-lanceolate, concave, acute or mucronate, 2-24 lin. long, with

a keel-wing $—} lin. wide, widest below the middle ; corolla white ;

tube 17-2 lin. long; lobes 24-3 lin. long, 14-1? lin. wide, ovate-

elliptic, subacute ; filaments about $ lin. long; anthers 3-1 lin.

long, with an apical gland; style 2-23 lin. long, with a median

swelling ; stigma bilabiate. A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 323.

S. aurea, var. pallida, Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii.

(1903) 20.

Coast Region: Tulbagh Div. ; Tulbagh Kloof, 300 ft., Bolus! Malmesbury

Div. ; near Moorreesburg, Bolus, 9992! Cape Div. ; Fishoek Valley, Wolley Dod,

3437 ! Cape Flats, Wolley Dod, 425! Lion Mountain, Drége! Prior ! Bolus, 7212 '

Flats between Cape Town and Tyger Valley, Drege! Simons Bay, Wright, 98 !

Swellendam Div.; mountains along the lower part of the Zondereinde River,

Zeyher, 1187, partly !

___ This species, which has been merged into S. awrea by Schinz, is no doubt very

¢ allied to it, but is istinguished by the wide basal wings of the calyx-

losely allied to it, sons ca rho be aa y

1068 GENTIANEA (Hill and Prain). [Sebera.

14. S. compacta (A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 323) ;

perennial (?), cespitose, densely virgately branched to form a many-

flowered inflorescence, 2—4 in. high ; leaves few, linear-lanceolate or

more rarely ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 14-9} lin. long,

4-2 (rarely 24) lin. broad, somewhat fleshy ; bracts linear-lanceolate,

acute, about 6 lin. long ; calyx 64-7} lin. long; tube cylindrical or

slightly inflated ; segments 2 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, keeled ;

corolla-tube 5-6 lin. long ; lobes 3-44 lin. long, 1}—2% lin. broad,

obovate-oblong, apiculate or subacute ; filaments very short, inserted

about } lin. below sinuses ; anthers 1-1} lin. long, with small apical

and minute basal glands sometimes absent ; style 3} lin. long, with

large swelling }~1 lin. long, | lin. above the base ; stigma shortly

bilabiate ; capsule ovoid.

CenrRaL ReEGion : Graaff Reinet Div. ; Dutoits (Farm ?) under Compass. Berg

in cultivated ground, 5500-6000 ft., Bolus, 1853 ! Middelburg Div. ; near Middel-

burg, Denoon, 37 (in Herb. Guthrie, 1042) ! Shaw ! Colesberg Div. ; near Colesberg,

Shaw ! Colesberg Kopje, Mrs. Barber, 10!

Katanart Recon: Griqualand West; Dutoits Pan, near Kimberley, Mrs.

Barber, 21! Orange River Colony ; between Bloemfontein and Petrusburg, Miss

Kensit in Herb. Bolus, 12992; Bechuanaland; by the Mashowa River, near

Takun, Burchell, 2252/4 !

A very distinct and striking species, apparently growing in the form of small

cushions covered: with masses of flowers. The roots of this plant are very short

and thick and contain a mycorhizal fungus.

15. §. pusilla (Eckl. in Linnea, vi. 346); annual, erect, simple,

sometimes branched, }-1} in. high; leaves few, lower very sm

upper as well as the bracts 3-4 lin. long, }—1 lin. broad, narrowly

ovate-lanceolate or elliptic, acute, somewhat fleshy ; inflorescences

3-5-flowered, with relatively conspicuous bracts ; branches 1-1}

lin. long; pedicels 4-1} lin. long; calyx-segments 2-3 lin. long,

elliptic or narrowly ovate-lanceolate, acute, keeled ; corolla-tube

21-3 lin. long, cylindrical ; lobes 3-1 lin. long, } lin. broad, orbicular

or elliptic-obovate ; filaments 3-1} lin. long, inserted 1-1} lin. above

the base of the tube ; anthers }—} lin. long, with three small glands ;

style 1-2 lin. long; stigma capitate. Cham. in Linnea, vi

53; Griseb. Gen. et Spec. Gent. 169; Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss.

Qn gér, vi. 731. Lagenias pusillus, E. Meyer, Comm. 186; Griseb.

in DC. Prodr. ix. 54; Schinz in Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Gesellsch.

Ziirich, xxxvii. 308.

Coast Reoton: Clanwilliam Div.; Cederberg Range, Drége. Paarl Div. 3

Paarl Mountain, 1000 ft., Drege! Cape Div. ; Table Mountain, Ecklon, 731 ! Cape

Flats, Harvey ! Simons Bay, Wright, 95! and without precise locality, Harvey,

614! Caledon Div. ; Houw Hoek, 900 ft., Schlechter, 9376 partly !

Wesrern Recion : Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; Gift Berg, Drége !

16. 8. rara (Wolley Dod in Journ. Bot. 1901, 401); annual, —

erect, unbranched, 1}-4 in. high; leaves few, linear or linear”

lanceolate, subacute, 3-5 lin. long, }-1 lin, broad ; inflorescence®

_ branched, 3-12-flowered ; branches about 2} lin. long; peciet

Sebexa. | GENTIANEA (Hill and Prain). 1069

2 lin, long; calyx-segments 3-4 lin. long, narrowly lanceolate,

acuminate, concave, with keel- wing ? lin. broad, broadest below the

middle ; corolla-tube 3} lin. long ; lobes 1}—1} lin. long, 4 lin. broad,

elliptic, subacute ; filaments very short, inserted } lin. below the

sinuses ; anthers }—} lin. long, glands minute or absent ; style 14-13

lin. long ; stigma shortly bilobed. Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss.

2me sér. vi. 733.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Wallich.

Coast Recion : Cape Div.; Cape Flats between Uitvlugt and Duinefontein

Road, Wolley Dod, 3413! Caledon Div. ; Houw Hoek, 900 ft., Schlechter, 9376

partly ! Caffraria, Fraser (in Edinburgh Herbarium) !

17. 8. mirabilis (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 92) ; annual, erect,

unbranched, 3-8 in. high ; stem-wings glandular especially near the

base of the stem; leaves in 3-5 pairs, linear or linear-lanceolate,

acute, 1-3 lin. long, about }$ lin. broad, with a glandular patch

on the back, upper leaves the larger; cymes lax, spreading,

1—9-flowered ; branches up to 1} in. long; pedicels 4—5 lin. long ;

calyx-segments united below to form a shallow cup, 3-4 lin. long,

ovate or elliptic, acuminate, with keel-wing about } lin. broad,

broadest at the base; corolla-tube 25-3) lin. long; lobes 4—5 lin.

long, 17-21 lin. broad, elliptic-lanceolate, acute ; filaments 3-1} lin.

long ; anthers 1-1} lin. long, with small apical gland; style 34-4

lin. long, swelling when present about 2 lin. above the base;

stigma clavate, variable in size up to } lin. long, bilabiate, papillose

on all sides. Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 35 ;

A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 324. 8. pratensis, Gilg in Engl.

Jahrb. xxx. 377, 378, figs. A-F; Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges.

Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 38; Baker & N. E. Br. in Dyer, Flor. Trop. Afr.

iv. i, 550.

KanaHarI Reaion: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 2756! Transvaal; Spitz

Kop, near Lydenburg, Wilms, 971!

Eastern Recaron: Transkei; near Tsomo, MJ/rs. Barber, 845! near Kentani,

1000 ft., Miss Pegler, 1187! Tembuland, Bazeia Mountain, 4000 ft., Baur, 621! —

Griqualand East ; ‘‘ Woodlands ” Farm, in Maclear District, 5600 ft., Galpin,

6772! Natal; Mid-Illovo, 1000-2000 ft., Wood, 1884!

S. mirabilis shows close relationship to S. exigua and S. Siliformis, Schinz, in the

glandular wings of the stem, the bilabiate stigma and in its general habit, it

is distingui

istinguished chiefly by the winged calyx-segments, which are only slightly

united at the base,

18. §. Junodii (Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. 442); annual,

erect, slender, unbranched, 3-6 in. high; leaves in 4-5 pairs,

inconspicuous, ovate-lanceolate, acute, }—-1} lin. long; cymes few-

flowered, variable, lax; branches when developed 14-1} in. long ;

pedicels 1—4 lin. long ; calyx-segments elliptic-lanceolate, with narrow

_ wing, acuminate, 21 lin. , slightly united at the base ; corolla-

tube 2 lin. long; lobes 14-2 lin. long, narrowly ovate, acute ;

filaments 4-1 Tin. long; anthers J lin. long, with very small apical

1070 _ GENTIANEA (Hill and Prain). [Sebea.

gland ; style 2 lin. long, with slight swelling ; stigma shortly clavate.

Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 93; Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges.

Liibeck, xvii. (1903), 25.

Karanart Recion: Transvaal; Houtbosch Berg, in shady places, 6300 ft.,

Schlechter, 4767 !

Eastern Reaion ; Natal; Howick, in shady places, 3200 ft., Schlechter, 6783 !

19. §. filiformis (Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iii. 411) ; annual,

erect ; stems slender, often hairy towards the base, 24-7 in. high,

usually simple and terminated by a single flower, rarely 2-flowered ;

leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, acute, about 1 lin. long, separated

by long internodes; calyx-segments 2-3} lin. long, elliptic or

ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, slightly fused together at the base

and with narrow keel-wing ; corolla-tube 3-4 lin. long ; lobes 4 lin.

long, 2-2} lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute ; filaments }— lin. long ;

anthers 3-1 lin. long, with slender elongated apical glands ; style

34-4 lin. long, with a large swelling up to 1 lin. long, 1 lin. above

the base ; stigma bilobed, lobes 4-14 lin. long. Gilg in Engl. Jahrb.

xxvi. 93; Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903), 26.

Coast Recion : Komgha Div. ; hills near Komgha, 2000 ft., Flanagan, 37 !

Katanart Region: Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 972! Tzaneen Estate,

Zoutspan Berg, 4500 ft., Zvans, 4014!

Eastern Recion: Transkei; Cats Pass in Kentani Div., 600 ft., Miss Pegler,

1188 ! Griqualand East ; Leitsa footpath on the Drakensberg Range, Maclear Div.,

7600 ft., Galpin, 6773! Natal ; Polela, 5000 ft:, Wood (in Natal Herb.), 1884!

20. 8. exigua (Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii.

1903, 26); annual, erect, simple, rarely branching, 3-8 in. high ;

wings of the stem often with short glandular hairs; leaves

linear-lanceolate, acute, 1-4} lin. long ; cymes 1-3- (less commonly

5-) flowered ; branches }-2 in. long, spreading; pedicels }—{ in.

long ; calyx-segments 35-4} lin. long, elliptic-lanceolate, acute or

acuminate, keeled, united below to form a cup 14-2 lin. long;

corolla-tube 24-34 lin. long; lobes 34-44 lin. long, about 2 lin.

broad, broadly ovate, unguiculate, obtuse or subacute; filaments

variable, 1-14 lin. long; anthers 1-14 lin. long, with minute

apical glands sometimes almost invisible; style 2}-34 lin. long

with swelling near the base; stigma shortly bilabiate, with thick

lobes. 8S. linearifolia, Schinz in Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Gesellsch.

Ziirich, xxvii. 321; Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 93. Chironia exigua,

Oliver in Hook, Ic. Pl. t. 1229.

Sebeea. | GENTIANEA (Hill and Prain), 1071

This species may be distinguished by the campanulate calyx, the segments

being fused for about 4 of their length ; S. jiliformis also shows this character to

a less marked extent; it can be distinguished from S. exigua by its more slender

habit, and minute leaves, narrow keel-wings, the relatively large glands of the

anthers and short anthers, filaments and the elongate bilabiate stigma, Wilms,

972 from the Northern Transvaal, which is one of the types of Schinz’s species,

shows certain affinities with the more slender forms of ¥. exigua, Both these

species are ‘closely allied to Sebwa mirabilis, but this latter species is distinguished

by the presence of a conspicuous wing to the calyx-segments. From some of the

specimens collected by Burke, however, it is not always easy to separate S. exigua

from S, mirabilis by this character. In both, the stigmatic characters are similar,

but 8. mirabilis is usually the stronger plant. 8. jiliformis is also closely related

to S. Welwitschii from Lower Guinea, and like that species and probably also

S. exigua and S. mirabilis may be parasitic or possess mycorhiza,

21. §. caladenia (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 89) ; annual, erect,

slender, 2-3 in. high ; leaves ovate-oblong, subacute, herbaceous,

2}-44 lin. long, 24-3 lin. broad ; cymes lax, 5—7-flowered ; branches

4 lin. long; pedicels + lin. long; calyx-segments lanceolate ;

acuminate, with keel 2} lin. long; corolla-tube 3-3} lin. long ;

lobes 14-13 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad, ovate, obtuse ; filaments 3 lin,

long; anthers 1-1} lin. long, with apical and two basal glands ;

style 23 lin. long, with swelling; stigma bilabiate. Schinz in

Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 40.

Centra Recion: Calvinia Div. ; Hantam Mountains, Meyer,

22. 8. acutiloba (Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iii. 412); annual,

erect, weak, unbranched, 2—4 in. high, with long internodes ; leaves

in 2-4 pairs, orbicular-ovate, acute, 1—2 lin. long, 1-2 lin. broad ;

cymes 3—5-flowered ; branches slender, 2-3 lin. long ; pedicels about

+ lin. long; calyx-segments narrowly elliptic, acuminate, 14-13

lin. long, with a distinct keel-wing widest about the middle ; corolla-

tube about 14 lin. long; lobes #-1 lin. long, 4} lin. broad, ovate,

acute ; filaments } lin. long; anthers } lin. long, with very small

apical gland; style ? lin. long; stigma and swelling confluent.

Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 100; Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges.

Liibeck, xvii. (1903), 39. 8. Tysonii, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss.

Qme sér, viii, 703. :

Coast Recion.: Knysna Div. ; Zuur Vlakte, Z'yson ! ie

Fre cena Recion: Natal; near Clairmont, 60 ft., Schlechter, 3045! Wood,

S. Tysonii agrees exactly with S. acutiloba, but it is possible that there may be

some mistake as to the locality written by MacOwan on the sheet of the former.

23. 8. grisebachiana (Schinz in Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Gesellsch,

Ziirich, xxxvii. 322); annual, erect, simple or branched, 2-3

in, high; leaves in 4-6 pairs, the lowesi separated by short

internodes and giving an appearance of a leaf-rosette, 14-2} lin.

long and broad, ovate-orbicular, subacute; cymes few-flowered,

compact ; branches 1-5 lin. long ; pedicels 1-2 lin. long 3 calyx:

Segments 2-24 lin. long, lanceolate, acuminate, with narrow keel-

Wing, broadest about the middle ; corolla-tube 2-3 lin. long; lobes

1072 GENTIANE (Hill and Prain). | Sebeea.

24-3 lin. long, oblong, acute or obtuse ; filaments } lin. long ;

anthers }-1 lin. long, with small apical gland ; style 2-3 lin. long,

with swelling below the middle ; stigma clavate. Gilg in Engl. Jahrb.

xxvi. 95; Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 36.

Coast Recion: George Div.; between Touw River and Kaymans River,

Burchell, 5778! Montagu Pass, Rehmann, 264! Div. aud locality ?, Arebs, 233.

24. 8. schizostigma (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 93); annual,

erect, usually unbranched, 2-5 in. high; leaves ovate-orbicular or

subcordate, acute or shortly apiculate, 2-3} lin, long, 2-3} ln.

broad ; cymes 3~6-flowered ; branches about 4 lin. long; pedicels

about 2 lin. long; calyx-segments ovate-lanceolate, acute or

acuminate, 2-24 lin. long, with keel-wing broadest below middle,

} lin, broad ; corolla-tube 2-3 lin. long; lobes 25—3 lin. long, ovate-

lanceolate, subacute, 1-1} lin. broad ; filaments ? lin. long ; anthers

#-1 lin. long, without glands ; style about 3 lin. long, with swelling ;

stigma large, ligulate, 1 lin. long. Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges.

Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 36. :

Coast Recion: Swellendam Div. ; by the Kenko (Doorn) River, Zeyher, 1188!

Riversdale Div. ; Garcias Pass, 1400 ft., Bolus, 11347 !

25. 8. saccata (Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. 1903,

25); annual, erect, unbranched, 2-6 in. high ; leaves in 4-5 pairs,

triangular-ovate, acute, 1-4 lin. long, }-2} lin. broad; cymes 1-5-

flowered, compact ; branches 24-34 lin. long; pedicels 24-4 (rarely

6) lin. long ; ealyx-segments 24-3 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute,

concave, with a keel-wing § lin. broad, broadest near the base ;

corolla-tube 3 lin. long; lobes 4 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, ovate,

subacute ; filaments 1 lin. long ; anthers 14—14 lin. long, with apical

glands; style 23-31 lin. long, with swelling ; stigma broadly

ligulate, § lin. long.

_ Katanart Reeron: Transvaal; Houtbosch Berg, 6800 ft., Schlechter, 4702!

Secocoenis land in Middelburg district, Gray, 3767.

26. 8. Zeyherii (Schinz in Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Gesellsch.

Zirich, xxxvii, 325); annual, erect, simple or branched, 1}—-8 in,

high ; leaves broadly or orbicular ovate, subacute, 2}—4 lin. long,

2}-3 lin, broad, sometimes crowded near the base ; inflorescences

compact, few- to many-flowered; branches }—1 in. long ; pedicels

$2) lin. long; calyx-segments 2-2} lin. long, narrowly elliptic,

acuminate, with a broad thick wing, J-} lin. broad, broadest near

the base; corolla-tube 2}-23 lin. long; lobes 13-2} lin. long, } lin,

long, with minute apical glands; style 14-1? lin. long, with a large

elongated swelling just below the stigma and more or less confluent

with it; stigma clavate. Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 99 ; Schinz

_ Sebea. | GENTIANE (Hill and Prain). 1073

Coast Reaion: Cape Div. ; Slang Kop, Wolley Dod, 3022! behind Wynber

Butts, Wolley Dod, 3323! near Simonstown, Wolley Dod, 2844! near Smits-

winkel Bay, Wolley Dod, 2930! Kenilworth, near Capetown, 70 ft., Bolus, 7924!

Paarl Div.; near French Hoek, Bolus! Stellenbosch Div. ; Gordons Bay, Bolus,

9993! Caledon Div. ; near Hermanus, Bolus! Swellendam Div. ; near the Kenko

(Doorn) River, Zeyher, 1188! Riversdale Div. ; between Garcias Pass and Muis

Kraal, 1700 ft., Bolus, 11346 !

This species resembles S. schizostigma, but can be distinguished by the character

of the style and by the smaller anthers ; it has been confused with S. micrantha

(S. cordata, E. Meyer, var. micrantha, Cham. & Schlecht), with which plant

there is very close external resemblance, moreover they both grow on the Cape

Peninsula. S. micrantha differs, however, in the possession of short stiff hairs

on the edges of the large calyx-wings as well as in the position of the anthers

in the corolla-throat.

27. 8. sulphurea (Cham. & Schlecht. in Linnea, i. 192);

annual, erect, simple or branched, 1-6 in. high; leaves broadly

ovate or ovate, acute, 2-4 lin. long, 1-3 lin. broad, somewhat

fleshy ; inflorescences 1- to many-flowered; branches variable in

length, often long and axillary; pedicels 4-6 lin. long; calyx-

segments elliptic, acute, 3 lin. long, with keel-wing broadest at the

base, about 4 lin. broad ; corolla-tube 2-3 lin. long; lobes 4~4}

lin. long, 15-2 lin. broad, ovate, acute; ‘filaments } lin. long;

anthers | lin. long, with large apical and two small basal glands ;

style 3 lin. long, with swelling ; stigma ligulate, 1} lin. long. Cham.

in Linnea, vi. 346; Griseb. Gen. et Spec. 168, and in DC. Prodr.

ix. 53; Schinz in Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Gesellsch. Ziirich, xxxvii.

319 ; Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 89.

Coast Reaion: Cape Div. ; summit of Table Mountain, 3500 ft., Zcklon, 730!

Miss Kensit in Herb. Bolus, 10749! tops of the Twelve Apostles, Wolley Dod,

3387 ! Steenberg Plateau to the summit of Constantia Berg, Wolley Dod, 3580!

Caledon Div.; Steenbrass River, in sandy places, 1500 ft., Schlechter, 5404!

Walker Bay, near Hermanus, below 100 ft., Bolus, 9836 !

28. 8. scabra (Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. 1903,

37) ; annual, erect, 3-6 in. high, simple or branched ;* leaves broadly

ovate or cordate, acute or subacute, 6-2} lin. long, 6—2} lin. broad ;

inflorescences few- to many-flowered; branches 3-6 lin. long;

pedicels 2-5 lin. long; calyx-segments 3-5 lin, long, elliptic,

acuminate, keel-wings very pronounced, widest at the base, }—-1}

lin. broad ; corolla-tube 25-3} lin. long ; lobes 3-6 lin. long, 15-3

lin. broad, elliptic-obovate ; filaments [-} lin. long; anthers 1-1}

lin. long, with large apical and two small basal glands; style

24-31 lin. long, with swelling near the base ; stigma clavate,

bilabiate. S. pentandra, var. belmontioides, Schinz in Viertel-

jahrsschr. Naturf. Gesellsch. Zitrich, xxxvii. (1891) 320.

Coast Recon: Cape Div.; Cape Flats, near Doorn Hoogte, Zeyher, 1189a!

1074 GENTIANEA (Hill and Prain). | Sebeea.

3-6 in. high ; leaves 14-1 lin. long, }-1} lin. broad, ovate below,

ovate-lanceolate above, acute; cymes lax, few-flowered ; branches

# in. long or less; pedicels 3-7 lin. long; calyx-segments 2} lin.

long, connate below into a tube J—} lin. long, ovate-lanceolate,

acuminate, slightly keeled ; corolla-tube 2} lin. long; lobes 2-2}

lin, long, 1-14 lin. broad, obovate-oblong, cuspidate and _ erosely

toothed ; filaments very short; anthers $ lin. long, situated in the

corolla-throat about 4 lin. below the sinuses, with a conical apical

gland 4-4 lin. long; style 2-3 lin. long, with swelling near the

base ; stigma capitate-clavate, shortly bilobed.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; in damp places near Brug Spruit, 4700 ft.,

Schlechter, 4119 (wrongly distributed as 2119) !

30. 8. pygmea (Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss, 2m° sér. vi. 740) ;

annual, erect, unbranched, slender, 14-24 in. high; leaves ovate,

acute or subacute, 4-6 pairs, 3-1 lin. long, about } lin. broad,

herbaceous; cymes 2—5-flowered, lax; branches 4-7 lin. long; -

pedicels about 4 lin. long; calyx-segments narrowly elliptic,

acuminate, keeled, 2-2} lin. long, united below to form a short

tube ; corolla-tube 2-23 lin. long ; lobes 13-2 lin. long, $-1 lin.

broad, obovate-oblong, cuspidate ; filaments very short, inserted in

tube 3 lin. below the sinuses; anthers about } lin. long, with

relatively large apical gland; style 14 lin. long, with a medium)

swelling ; stigma shortly clavate-ligulate. A. W. Hill in Kew

Bulletin, 1908, 325.

_ Katauari Raion: Orange River Colony; top of Moolmans Kupje, at Zaaihoek

in Harrismith district, 6500 ft., ZYhode. Transvaal; Houtbosch Berg, near

Mamavulu, in damp places, 6800 ft., Schlechter, 4708 !

This species is very closely related to S. erosa, Schinz, and is very probably only

a smaller Alpine form, it differs principally in the smaller size of the anthers and

style and in the absence of definite teeth to the corolla-segments.

31. S. exacoides (Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér. vi. 728) ;

annual, erect, somewhat slender, 2-9 in. high, simple, more rarely

branched ; leaves in 3-4 pairs, broadly ovate, acute, cordate at the

base, 25-7 lin. long, 2-7 lin. broad ; internodes long ; inflorescences

long ; calyx-segments 6-7 lin. long, ovate, lanceolate, acuminate,

with keel-wing 14-2 lin. broad, broadest at the base, strongly

reticulate and rough, beset with minute hairs on the edge; corolla-

tube 6-7 lin. long; lobes 4-6 lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad, broadly

elliptic or obovate-unguiculate, apiculate or sometimes dentate ;

filaments very short, inserted in the tube }-1 lin, below the sinuses; =

anthers }~1 lin. long, with apical and two basal glands; style 54-6

lin. long, with swelling 1-1} lin. long, 1-1} lin. above the ovary ;

stigma about | lin. long, bilabiate always about or above the level

of the anthers. S. cordata, R. Br. Prodr. 452; Griseb. Gen.

Sebaea. | GENTIANE (Hill and Prain). 1075

i. 191 ; Cham. in Linnea, vi. 345. Gentiana exacoides, Linn. Spec.

Pl. ed. 2, 332; Thunb. Prodr. 47, and Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 172.

Ezacum cordatum, Linn. f. Suppl. 124. Belmontia cordata, E. Meyer,

Comm. 183; Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 54; Schinz in Vierteljahrsschr.

Naturf. Gesellsch. Ziirich, xxxvi. 329; Knoblauch in Bot. Centralbl.

Ix. 326.—Centaurium perfoliatum, etc., Burm. Rar. Afr. Pl. t. 74,

jig. 5. Centaurium capense, minus, etc., Seba, Mus. i. t. 22, fig. 7.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Hceklon & Zeyher, 653, Thom, 707! 734!

Harvey, 617! Pappe! Forbes !

Coast Recion: Malmesbury Div.; near Moorreesburg, 500 ft., Bolus! near

Groene Kloof (Mamre), 300 ft., Bolus, 4429! Paarl Div.; between Paarl and

Lady Grey Bridge, Drége! Cape Div.; various localities in the vicinity of Cape

Town, Spielhaus, Bowie! Ecklon, 729! Zeyher, 1189! Hooker, 437! Cooper, 2753!

Bolus, 2875! 4429! MacOwan, 365! Rehmann, 759! 1708! Wilms, 3472!

Schlechter, 1377! Wolley Dod, 169! 170! 3269! Simons Bay, Wright!

Stellenbosch Div. ; Stellenbosch, Sanderson, 968! Caledon Div.; by the River

Zondereinde, Pappe! Swellendam Div.; near Swellendam, Mund, Prior! Rivers-

dale Div. ; Garcias Pass, 1200 ft., Galpin, 4339!

Iu the Dublin herbarium there are 2 specimens collected by Pappe in

moist places on the Rivier Zonder Hinde, which have dentate edges to the

corolla-lobes, but otherwise agree with the typical form, in which a slight

dentation of the petals is sometimes visible.

82. S. micrantha (Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér. vi. 739,

partly) ; annual, erect, unbranched, 1-5 in. high; leaves in 3-4

pairs, usually collected towards the base of the stem, broadly ovate,

rounded or cordate at the base, obtuse or subacute, apiculate,

slightly fleshy, 24-4 lin. long, 2—4 lin. broad ; inflorescences compact,

dense, conspicuous from the large calyx-wings ; branches 1—2 (more

rarely 4-5) lin. long; pedicels about 1 lin. long; bracts ovate to

linear-lanceolate, acute, fringed with short bristle-like hairs ; calyx-

segments lanceolate, acuminate, 3-3} lin. long, with a wing 14-1}

lin. broad, broadest at the base, strongly veined and fringed on the

edge with short bristlelike hairs; corollatube 2}—27 lin. long ;

lobes 14-2 lin. long, }-} lin. broad, narrowly obovate or elliptic,

acute, sometimes slightly erose; filaments very short, inserted

about } lin. below the sinuses ; anthers about 4} lin. long, with

apical gland ; style 13-2 lin. long ; stigma clavate-bilabiate, confluent

with the swelling. . cordata, var. micrantha, Cham. & Schlecht. in

Linnza, i. 192; Griseb. Gen. et Spec. Gent. 165. Belmontia

cordata, var. micrantha, Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 54 partly.

B. micrantha, Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 102 partly.—Centaurium

perfoliatum, exthiopicum, Pluk. Almagest. ii. 94, t. 275, fig. 4.

Sourn Arnica: without locality; Plukenet (in Herb, Sloane)! Harvey, 615!

Ecklon !

Coast Recion : Cape Div. ; above Oatlands House, Wolley Dod, 2842! Old road

to Constantia Nek and behind Houts Bay Hotel, Wolley Dod, 3171! by Camps _

Bay Hotel, Wolley Dod, 1723; path near Smitswinkel Bay, Wolley Dod, 2931 !

Devils Peak, Wilms, ae aes Ie Mountain, 250 ft., Schlechter, 1376! Sea Point,

Div. ; Zwart Berg,

1076 GENTIANE# (Hill and Prain). | Seba.

33. 8. intermedia (Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™* sér. vi. 733) ;

annual, erect, 24-4 in. high, usually simple ; internodes }—} in. long,

leaves in 3 or 4 pairs, 3—5 lin. long, 2—6 lin. broad, broadly ovate or

cordate, subacute or acute, somewhat fleshy ; inflorescences regular,

compact, 3- to many-flowered ; branches about 5 lin. long ; pedicels

4-1 lin. long; calyx-segments 34-4 lin. jong, ovate-lanceolate,

acuminate, with a wing $—? lin. broad, broadest below the middle,

minutely pilose on the edge; corolla-tube 35-44 lin. long; lobes

24-3 lin. long, $—? lin. broad, elliptic or narrowly ovate-oblong,

unguiculate, acute ; filaments very short, inserted about } lin. below

the sinuses ; anthers about } lin. long, with apical gland ; style 2-3

lin. long ; stigma 1 lin. long, confluent with the swelling. 8. cor-

data, var. intermedia, Cham. & Schlecht. in Linnea, i. 191; Griseb.

Gen. et Spec. Gent. 165. Belmontia cordata, var. intermedia, Griseb.

in DC. Prodr. ix. 54; var. micrantha, E. Meyer, Comm. 183 ; Griseb.

in DO. Prodr, ix. 54 partly ; not of Cham. & Schlecht. Belmontia

intermedia, Knoblauch in Bot. Centralbl. 1x. 1894, 325; Gilg in Engl.

Bot. Jahrb. xxvi. 101.

Coast Reeron : Clanwilliam Diy. ; hills near Brakfontein, 150 ft., Schlechter,

5287. Malmesbury Div. ; near Mooreesberg, 500 ft., Bolus, 9991! Paarl Div. ; by

the Berg River near Paarl, Drége. Cape Div. ; Lion Mountain, Drége, Schlechter

992, 1378! Signal Hill, Wilms, 3473 partly ! near Cape Town, Harvey! Raapen-

berg, Mowbray, 40 ft., Guthrie, 176! Paarden Island, Wolley Dod, 3255 !

34. 8. Burchellii (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 89); annual or

biennial, erect, simple or branched from the base, 4-8 in. high,

with a radical leaf-rosette ; basal leaves obovate or elliptic-obovate,

subacute or obtuse, somewhat coriaceous, 5-8 lin. long, 24-4 lin.

broad ; stem leaves ovate or triangular ovate, subacute, sometimes

cordate at the base ; cymes regularly branched, 9- to many-flowered,

branched, 5-8 lin. long, pedicels about } lin. long ; calyx-segments

obovate, rounded or slightly apiculate, thickened on the back,

2 lin. long, 1 lin. broad ; corolla-tube 2 lin. long ; lobes 1 lin. long,

3-1 lin. broad, obovate, obtuse ; anthers about } lin. long, almost

sessile, with three glands ; style $—} lin. long, swelling not visible ;

stigma clavate. Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii.

(1903) 31.

Katanart Raion: Griqualand West ; at Griqua Town, Burchell, 1869 partly !

Pre an gat between Waterval River and Zuikerbosh Rand, 4600 ft., Schlechter,

Burchell’s 1869 is the type of S, Burchellii, Gilg, but two plants have been

collected under this number, one of which belongs to this species, the other being 3

S. pentandra, E. Meyer. eS

35. §. Conrathii (Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvil.

1903, 31); annual, erect, 6-11 in. high, simple or branched from —

the base ; lowest leaf pairs very close making an apparent leat- 2

rosette ; rosette leaves broadly obovate-oblong, often 3-1} in. long.

- 5-8 lin. broad, herbaceous ; stem leaves ovate, subacute 3-12

Sebea. | GENTIANE# (Hill and Prain). 1077

long ; inflorescence a regular dichasium, many-flowered, with erect

compact branches 6-9 lin. long; pedicels very short; calyx-

segments elliptic, apiculate or acute, keeled, about 2 lin. long ;

corolla-tube 2 lin. long ; lobes 14-1} lin. long, ? lin. broad, rounded ;

filaments very short ; anthers } lin. long, with apical and two basal

glands ; style 3-1 lin. long, with swelling ; stigma capitate.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; in damp places at Modderfontein, Conrath,

743 !

36. S. conspicua (A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 325) ;

annual (?) with numerous erect or somewhat spreading flowering

branches, 3-4 in. high ; leaves obovate-oblong or spathulate, narrow-

ing to form a petiole, 1-1} in. long, 5-7 lin. broad, somewhat

fleshy, crowded at the base to form a false leaf-rosette ; inflorescences

much-branched, usually many-flowered ; branches 4—6 lin. long ;

pedicels about } lin. long; calyx-segments 3-3} lin. long, elliptic,

acute, keeled ; corolla-tube about 3 lin. long; lobes 5-6 lin. long,

14-13 lin. broad, narrowly ovate, elongate, subacute or slightly

apiculate ; filaments } lin. long ; anthers 14 lin. long, with large

apical glands ; style 3-3} lin. long, with swelling near base ; stigma

capitate.

Katanart Recon: Orange River Colony ; ina marsh near Harrismith, 7000 ft.,

Sankey, 173!

37. S. elongata (E. Meyer, Comm. 184); annual, erect with a

single stem 8-30 in. high, arising from a false rosette of closely

packed basal leaves or more rarely a group of erect stems arising

from the axils of the basal leaves; leaves at the base ovate-elliptic,

subacute, or ovate, acute, }-1? in. long, 2-10 lin. broad, the erect

stems bear from 4-6 widely separated leaf pairs, triangular or

elliptic-ovate, acute, cordate at the base; cymes terminal, much-

branched and crowded forming a corymbose capitulum ; branches

2-3 lin. long; pedicels 4-1 lin. long; calyx-segments 23-34 lin.

long, narrowly obovate, acuminate with a narrow keel-wing broadest

about the middle ; corolla-tube 14-3 lin. long ; lobes 2-4 lin. long,

1-1} lin. broad, elliptic-ovate or obovate, subacute ; filaments }—1

lin. long ; anthers }-1} lin. long, glands inconspicuous ; style 1-4

lin. long, with swelling near the base ; stigma capitate ; capsule

ovoid with the upper half thickened. Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 96 ;

Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 41; A. W. Hill

in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 325. S. cuspidata, Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr.

Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 28.

Coast Rxcion : Riversdale Div. ; Kampsche Berg, Burchell, 7085 | mountains

near Riversdale, Schlechter, 1840! Mossel Bay or Oudtshoorn Div. ; Robinson

Pass, Bolus, 12993! Knysna Div. ; on a mountain near Roodemuur, between

Plettenbergs Bay and Lange Kloof, 2000-2500 ft., Drége, 2827 | Uniondale Div. ;

mountains near Avontuur, Bolus, 2402!

A distinct species with its false rosette of closely placed radical leaves and tall

greet flowering stems. A considerable range of variation is shown in the size of

1078 GENTIANE# (Hill and Prain). | Sebeea.

the corolla and other parts of the flower, but there is a regular gradation of forms

between the two extremes. The smaller-flowered forms were referred by Schinz

to S. cuspidata.

38. §. rotundifolia (A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 326) ;

annual (7), with a radical leaf-rosette and erect flowering stem

6 in. high ; leaves orbicular or orbicular-ovate, obtuse, 1} in. long,

1} in. broad, herbaceous, and 2 pairs of small leaves on the erect

stem ; inflorescence few-flowered, forming a small cymose umbel ;

branches 4-8 lin. long ; pedicels 1 lin. long ; calyx-segments 3 lin.

long, elliptic-lanceolate, acute, with keel-wing about } lin. wide,

widest about the middle ; corolla-tube about 4 lin, long ; lobes 6 lin.

long, 24 lin. broad, ovate-unguiculate, obtuse ; filaments 3 lin. long 5

anthers 1} lin. long, with apical and 2 basal glands; style 4-44

lin. long, with swelling near the base ; stigma clavate.

Eastern Recon: Natal; Drakensberg, Buchanan, 31!

39. 8. pentandra (E. Meyer, Comm. 184); annual, erect, simple

or branching from the base or lower leaf-axils, 4-11 in. high ;

leaves in about 4 pairs, lower elliptic-ovate, obtuse, 7 lin.—-1} in.

long, $-} in. broad, upper leaves broadly triangular-ovate, acute ;

cymes compact, many-flowered; branches erect, 3-1 in. long ;

pedicels 1 lin. long; calyx-segments about 3 lin. long, elliptic,

acute, with keel-wing up to 4 lin. broad, broadest at the middle ;

corolla-tube 34—4 lin. long ; lobes 24-3 lin. long, 14-14 lin. broad,

ovate, obtuse ; filaments about 3 lin. long ; anthers 14-1 lin. long,

with large apical and two smaller basal glands ; style 23-34 Tie: «

long, with swelling below the middle ; stigma shortly clavate ; ovary

ovoid ; seeds with narrow frills. Schinz in Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf.

Gesellsch. Ziirich, xxxvii. 320 ; Gilg in Engl. Jahrb, xxvi. 90 ; Schinz

in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. 40 ; A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin,

1908, 326. §. gariepina, Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 90; Schinz

in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 41.

Crntrat Recton : Beaufort West Div. ; near Beaufort West, 2700 ft., Guthrie,

3492! Richmond and Victoria West Div. ; Nieuwveld and Uitvlugt, 3500-4000 ft.,

Drége! Graaff Reinet Div.; banks of watercourse near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft,

Bolus, 171! Somerset Div.; near Somerset East, Bowker! Colesberg Div. 5

bigest near Colesberg, Burke! near Wonderheuvel, 4000 ft.,

ege.

Western Rearon : Little Namaqualand; by the Orange River near Verleptpram,

Drége! Steenberg, Wyley ! pues

Katanart Recton : Griqualand West ; at Griqua Town, Burchell, 1869 partly !

near Kimberley, Flanagan, 1424 ! :

Eastern Reaion : Transkei; between Gekau (Geua) River and Bashee River, |

Drége, 4920!

it has not been found possible to maintain both S, pentandra and gh, aphics. ie

Fina progestins areas a,b and e of Drage, have been examined and ie

found to agree closely together. S. pentandra (d) of Drége has been sere

Gilg under S. ramosissima. The Drdge specimen from Garip (Gariep River), which:

_ is not referred to in £. Meyer's Comm., agrees closely with the type specimen

S. pentandra, In B, Meyer, Comm. i. 184, fowr, inealitees, es, a, b, cand d, are

Sebeea.| GENTIANE# (Hill and Prain). 1079

for S. pentandra. In Meyer's Zwei Pf, Documente, 219, another locality, ¢, is

referred to for S, pentandra,

_ The localities according to the latter publication should be as follows and not as

in Meyer's Comm. :

(a) Winterveld, bei Limoenfontein und Groot Tafelberg, und Nieuweveld,

zwischen Brakrivier und Uitvlugt.

(5) Wonderheuvel.

(¢) Garip, Sandhiigel am rechten Ufer des Flusses bei Verleptpram.

(d) Zuurebergen.

(e ) Zwischen Gekau und Basche.

The specimen in the Berlin Herbarium labelled Seba pentandra, E. M. 6

Drege, has been given the wrong locality ; the 6 has been read e and the locality

(inter Gekau et Basche) put on the label, it should be Wonderheuvel.

The type specimen of S. gariepina, Gilg in Meyer’s Herb. at Liibeck, exactly

equals the Kew specimen S. pentandra, E. Meyer, a. The Liibeck specimen is

from Garip.

The Liibeck specimen from ‘‘ Gekau und Basche, no. 4920” agrees with the Berlin

specimen bearing the distribution label ‘‘S. pentandra, E. M. b Drége,” which

however is further labelled ‘‘Gekau et Basche,” and these agree with the Kew

specimen, Bowker, Somerset, which also equals the above.

40. 8. macrostigma (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 93); annual,

erect, simple or branched from the base, 2-6 in, high; leaves

crowded at the base of the stem forming a kind of leaf-rosette,

broadly ovate or orbicular-ovate, acute or shortly apiculate,

herbaceous, 34-6 lin. long, 3-6 lin. broad; cymes variable, 3- to

many-flowered, lax and spreading or in dwarf forms compact ;

branches in vigorous specimens 5-8 lin. long ; pedicels 2—7 lin. long ;

calyx-segments 24-3 lin. long, narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, with

keel-wing broadest near the base ; corolla-tube 2}—3 lin. long ; lobes

21-3 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad, elliptic, obtuse ; filaments about

} lin. long; anthers 1 lin. long, without glands ; style 23-3 lin.

long, with swellings near the base; stigma }-1 lin. long, clavate-

bilabiate. Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 36.

S. humilis, N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1901, 127.

Coast Recion: Riversdale Div. ; hills near Riversdale, 800 ft., Bolus, 11345!

Albany Div. ; mountains around Grahamstown, 2000 ft., Glass, 1635 partly!

Williamson! Beaumont, Fish River Rand, Hutton, 544! Queenstown Div. ;

mountains near Queenstown, 4000 ft., Galpin, 1549!

41. §. ramosissima (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 91); annual,

erect, usually with numerous branches from the base forming a

broad many-flowered inflorescence ; leaves broadly ovate or cordate,

acute, 4-7 lin. long, 34-5 lin. broad, somewhat coriaceous ; cymes

much-branched, lax, spreading; branches }-1} in. long; pedicels

5-7 lin. long; calyx-segments 24 lin. long, narrowly ovate-

lanceolate, acuminate, with narrow keel-wing, broadest rather below

the middle ; corolla-tube 24-3 lin. long ; lobes 3-4 lin. long, 1} lin.

broad, elliptical, subacute, sometimes toothed at the apex ; filaments

about } lin. long; anthers about 1} lin. long, with well-marked

apical and 2 basal glands ; style 24-3 lin. long, with swelling near

the base; stigma small, clavate. Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges,

1080 GENTIANE® (Hill and Prain). [ Sebeea.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Harvey, 618! ;

Coast Recion : Uitenhage Div. ; Zuurberg Range, Drége. Alexandria Div. ;

Quaggas Flats, Gill! Bathurst Div.; between Kaffir Drift and Port Alfred,

Burchell, 3784! Albany Div. ; mountains around Grahamstown, 2000 ft., Bolton !

Glass in MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1635 (at Kew, but not in the Berlin or

Ziirich Herbaria) ! Komgha Div. ; hills near Komgha, 2000 ft., Flanagan, 1180!

Eastern Recion: Transkei; around Kentani and near the coast, 100-1000 ft.,

Miss Pegler, 490! Kreilis country, Bowker, 14!

42. §. primulina (A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 327);

annual, with a radical leaf-rosette and an erect flowering stem 1}—5

in. high; leaves ovate, subacute, 4-8 lin. long, 2-3} lin. broad,

fleshy, becoming narrowed to form a petiole, the erect stems usually

single with one or two pairs of ovate or narrowly ovate-lanceolate

leaves; cymes 2- to several-flowered ; branches 4-10 lin. long ;

pedicels }—} lin. long ; calyx-segments 34-4 lin. long, ovate-lanceo-

late, acute, united below to form a short cup, with a narrow keel-

wing broadest about the middle ; corolla-tube 5 lin. long ; lobes 3$-

4 lin. long, 14-2 lin. broad, spathulate, obtuse ; filaments } lin. long,

inserted in the corolla-tube about 1 lin. below the sinuses ; anthers

1-1} lin. long with an apical and two basal glands; style 4-4}

lin. long, with swelling 1 lin. above the base ; stigma clavate, more

or less bilabiate.

Katanart Recon: Bechuanaland ; by the Moshowa River, near Takun,

hig 2252/5! between Kuruman and the Vaal River, Cruickshank in Herb.

us, 2540 !

A single small specimen in the Dublin Herbarium labelled ‘‘ Port Natal, Miss

Owen” appears to belong to this species, but the material is insufficient for exact

determination.

43, §. vitellina (Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvil.

1903, 38) ; perennial, erect, branched from the base, 2—3 in. high ;

leaves cordate, acute, 24-34 lin. long, 2—3 lin. broad, somewhat

coriaceous, margins reflexed ; cymes few-flowered ; branches 24—4

lin. long ; pedicels about } lin. long ; calyx-segments elliptic, acute,

24-3 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, with a slight keel ; corolla-tube 3-4 lin.

long ; lobes 24-4 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, obovate-elliptic, obtuse ;

filaments }—3 lin. long ; anthers 1-1} lin. long, with minute apical

glands ; style 34-4 lin. long, with swelling ; stigma capitate.

Eastern Recon: Natal; plains near Catos Ridge, 3200 ft., Schlechter, 3259!

near Durban, Sutherland! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 91!

44. §. Dregei (Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Litbeck, xvii. 1903,

51); perennial or biennial, erect, with stiff parallel branches, 10-14

in. high ; lower leaves broadly triangular-ovate, somewhat cordate

at the base, subacute, up to 5 lin. long, 6 lin. broad, reflexed, some- — 2

what coriaceous with margins inrolled, upper leaves becoming

narrowly triangular, acute ; cymes arranged in more or less compact

‘narrowly oval heads ; branches about 5 lin, long; pedicels 1}-*2

Sebea. | GENTIANE (Hill and Prain). 1081

lin. long ; calyx-segments narrowly ovate-lanceolate, acute or

acuminate, 24-3 lin. long, sharply keeled; corolla-tube 24-3 lin.

long ; lobes 3-4 lin. long, about 1 lin. broad, narrowly obovate-

oblong, obtuse or slightly cuspidate ; filaments 1-1} lin. long;

anthers 11 lin. long, glands minute apparertly 3 ; style 34 lin. long,

with a small swelling ; stigma capitate, slightly clavate. S. stricta,

Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 90. 8S. crassulefolia, Cham. & Schlecht.

var. stricta, E. Meyer, Comm. 184. :

Coast Reeion: Riversdale Div. ; Garcias Pass, Bolus, 11350! George Div. ;

nee George, 600 ft., Schlechter, 2408! Knysna Div. ; in marshy places,

Owe

CenrraL Recion: Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet, Wyley! Aliwal

North Div. ; Witteberg Range, 6000 ft., Drége!

45. §. Schenlandii (Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2° sér. vi. 741);

perennial or biennial, erect, slender, 10-20 in. high, usually un-

branched ; internodes relatively long }-1} in. ; lower leaves broadly

ovate, obtuse, 4-5 lin. long, 4-5 lin. broad, upper leaves ovate-

lanceolate or elliptic, subacute, 3-4 lin. long, 14-2} lin. broad,

glaucous, somewhat fleshy; inflorescence small, capitate, many-

flowered, compact ; branches about 6 lin. long; pedicels 1-2 lin.

long ; calyx-segment 2-3} lin. long, elliptic, acute, keeled ; corolla-

tube 24-3 lin. long; lobes 2-24 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad, obovate-

oblong or elliptic, subacute ; filaments very short ; anthers }—? lin.

long, situated either in the sinuses of the corolla or in the throat

4-1 lin. below the sinuses ; apical glands present ; style 2-24 lin.

long, with swelling below the middle ; stigma capitate. A, W. Hill

in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 327. S. sedoides, Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr.

Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 43 ; Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2° sér, vi.

813, both partly.

Kabanart Reaion : Orange River Culony, Cooper, 2751! Transvaal ; Witwaters

Rand, Hutton, 880! :

Eastern REGION: Natal ; Mount Moreland, 500 it., Wood, 1886! and without

precise locality, Cooper, 2750 partly! Zululand ; Ngoya, Wylie in Herb. Wood,

7370! 8497!

This species is of interest as the distinction between Sebxa and Belmontia witb

regard to the anthers does not hold good. According to Schinz’s type-specimen

the anthers are in the throat about } of a line below the sinuses of the corolla-

lobes, but in Cooper, 2751, they occur in the sinuses as in Sebwa proper.

S. Schenlandii bears a certain external resemblance to S. sedoides, under which

species two specimens have been placed, but it may be distinguished by the

longer internodes. Cooper’s 2750 at Edinburgh is S. Rudolfii, Schinz.

46. 8. sedoides (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 98); annual or

biennial? erect, usually unbranched, 12-18 in. high ; internodes }—}

in. long ; leaves crowded, broadly cordate-orbicular to subreniform,

rounded at the apex or shortly apiculate, 3-6 lin, long, 3-8 lin.

broad, somewhat coriaceous; cymes many-flowered, dense and

compact, joining a terminal capitate or obconical inflorescence ;

- calyx-segments 2}-3 lin. long, elliptic, acute, keeled or with a

- narrow keel-wing ; corolla-tube 23-3} lin. long; lobes 2-23 lin.

1082 GENTIANE# (Hill and Prain). | Sebeea.

long, }-1 lin. broad, obovate-elliptic, obtuse ; filaments } lin. long ;

anthers 3—Z lin. long, with apical gland ; style 2}—3} lin. long, with

swelling below the middle; stigma capitate. Schinz in Mitteil.

Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 43.

Eastern Recron: Tembuland ; near Bazeia, 2000 ft., Bawr, 82! near Elliot,

Bolus, 19225! 10226! Griqualand East; mountains near Clydesdale, 2500 it.,

Tyson, 2726! and in MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 1289!

Natal; Tugela, Gerrard, 1983! Coastland, Sutherland! hills near Richmond

Road, Schlechter, 6738! Riet Spruit, 3000-4000 ft., Wylie in Herd, Wood, 10227 !

Zululand ; near Eshowe, Maxwell in Herb. Bolus, 9331!

47. S. confertiflora (Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii.

1903, 51); annual or biennial? simple or branched, 6-10 in. high ;

internodes $—3 in. long; leaves crowded, broadly triangular-ovate

to cordate, subacute, 4—7 lin. long, 4—6 lin. broad, coriaceous ; cymes

many-flowered, forming a dense rounded capitulum ; calyx-segments

about 21 lin. long, elliptic, acute or apiculate, with keel ; corolla-

tube 24-34 lin. long ; lobes 2-2} lin. long, 1 lin. broad, ovate-elliptic,

subacute ; anthers 7-1} lin. long ; lobes sagittate at the base, apical

gland, small ; style 3 lin. long, with swelling near the middle ; stigma

capitate-clavate.

Katanarr Recion: Transvaal; Spitz Kop, near Lydenburg, Wilms, 964!

near Elandspruit Bergen, 6400 ft., Schlechter, 4000! Viakfontein ; near Amers

Poort, Burtt Davy, 4049 ! ‘

Eastern Recon: Natal ; Mlovo, 2000 ft., Wood, 30! summit of Amajuba

: -as ad ft., Burtt Davy, 7747! Mundy, 3758. Swazieland, 4500 ft., Challis,

This species appears to be closely related to S. sedoides, but differs particu- —

larly in the larger anthers (Wood, 30) which are sagittate at the base, the leaves

also are triangular- rather than orbicular-ovate, and the inflorescence 1s more —

definitely capitate than in S. sedoides,

48. §. acuminata (A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 328) ;

perennial, erect, simple, 20-26 in. high ; leaves numerous, somewhat

distant on the lower portion of the stem, crowded above, narrowly

ovate-lanceolate below, linear-lanceolate above, acute, margins —

retlexed, somewhat coriaceous, 44-64 lin. long, 1-2 lin. broad ; eymes

compact, many-flowered ; branches 5-7 lin. long, slender ; pedicels

about } lin. long; bracts linear ; calyx-segments 33 lin. long,

narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, concave, with narrow keel-

wing ; corolla-tube 22} lin. long; lobes 2} lin. long, }-1 lin. broad,

elliptic-obovate, obtuse; filaments very short; anthers }-} lin.

long, with apical gland; style 2 lin. long, with swelling below

middle ; stigma capitate-clavate.

Eastern Recon: Natal; near Boston, 3000-4000 ft., Wood! Gn Herb.

_ British Museum.) ene

49. 8, macrantha (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 94); perennia

or biennial ; stems stout, erect, unbranched, 20-25 in. high 5

Sebea. | GENTIANE (Hill and Prain). 1083

broadly ovate or cordate, subacute or acute, coriaceous, about

7-8 lin. long, 5-9 lin. broad; inflorescence regularly branched,

forming a loose corymbose panicle, 4—6 in. long, 24—4 in. in diam. ;

branches firm and about 1 in. long ; pedicels about 1 lin. long or

almost absent ; calyx-segments elliptic, acuminate, 34-5 lin. long,

with wing about } lin. wide, widest about the middle ; corolla-tube

4—5 lin. long ; lobes 44-6 lin. long, 14-2 lin. broad, elliptic, sub-

acute ; filaments }~—} lin, long; anthers 23-3} lin. long, with small

apical glands ; style 4 lin. long, with swelling ; stigma clavate.

Katawari Reaion: Transvaal; Spitz Kop, Wilms, 970.

EasTeRN Recron: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 866! hills at Sevenfontein,

3000-4000 ft., Wyle in Herb. Wood, 5214!

50. 8. erecta (A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 328) ; perennial

or biennial ; stems erect, unbranched, about 18 in. high, springing

apparently from an underground creeping branched stem ; leaves

numerous, 4—5 lin. long, 3-44 lin. broad, broadly ovate or cordate,

subacute or apiculate, somewhat coriaceous ; inflorescences terminal,

few-flowered ; branches 6—9 lin. long ; pedicels 1-2 lin. long ; calyx-

segments 5 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, ovate-oblong, apiculate, with keel-

wing | lin. wide, widest about the middle ; corolla-tube 4 lin. long ;

lobes 53-6 lin. long, 24 lin. broad, obovate-oblong, obtuse ; filaments

1 lin, long ; anthers 1? lin. long, with small apical glands ; style

5 lin. long, with swelling near the base ; stigma capitate.

Kaxanari Rearon : Transvaal; Liliefontein in Carolina district, Nicholson in

Transvaal Herbarium, 4807 |

51. 8. longicaulis (Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. 219) ;

perennial or biennial, erect, simple below, simple or branched above,

2 ft. or more high ; leaves ovate or orbicular-ovate, becoming elliptic-

ovate to narrowly ovate-lanceolate above, 4—8 lin. long, 3—7 lin. broad,

slightly coriaceous, subacute or acute ; cymes terminal, few-flowered,

compact ; branches 4—9 lin. long; pedicels 3-6 lin. long; calyx-

segments membranous, 4-5 lin. long, ovate-oblong, acute or acuminate

or apiculate, with a slight keel wing; corolla-tube 3-4 lin. long;

lobes 5-6 lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad, ovate-unguiculate, obtuse ;

filaments 1-1} lin. long ; anthers 1} lin. Jong, with three very small

glands; style 44 lin. long, with swelling near the base; stigma

shortly clavate. Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 94; Schinz in Mitteil.

Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 42; A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin,

1908, 329. S. Woodii, Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 94; Schinz in

Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 42. S. crassulefolia, var.

lanceolata, Schinz in Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Gesellsch. Ziirich,

xxxvii. (1891) 323. S. macrosepala, Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 91 ;

Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii, (1903) 48.

Coast Rearoy : King Williamstown Div. ; Perie Bush, Scott-Elliot !

Eastern Recton: Griqualand East ; Mount Malowe, 5500 ft., Tyson, 3096!

Natal ; ina swamp near Karkloof, 8000-4000 ft., Wood, 4447! Byrne, 3000 ft.,

1084 GENTIANE (Hill and Prain). | Sebera.

Wood, 1844! near Weston, Rehmann, 7348! near Ladysmith, Gerrard, 835!

Benvie, 4000-5000 ft., Wylie in Herb. Wood, 7875!

52. §. grandiflora (Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii.

1903, 45); perennial or biennial; stems erect, about 15 in. high,

unbranched ; internodes usually 3-1} in. long; leaves cordate to

broadly orbicular-ovate, apiculate, 5-3 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, some-

what coriaceous, margins inrolled, dark green above, pale green below ;

cymes terminal, few-flowered, compact ; branches about 4—6 lin. long ;

pedicels 1-2 lin. long ; calyx-segments membranous, elliptic-ovate,

apiculate or acuminate, with a narrow keel-wing, 441 lin. long, 15

lin. broad ; corolla-tube 34-3} lin. long ; lobes 34-43 lin. long, 2-3

lin. broad, obovate-unguiculate, obtuse ; filaments 1-1} lin. long ;

anthers 1-14 lin. long, with small apical gland ; style 34—5 lin. long,

swelling small, not always developed ; stigma capitate.

~ Katanart Recion: Transvaal; Houtbosch Berg, in damp places, 6500 ft.,

Schlechter, 4768! Liliefontein in Carolina district, Nicholson in Transvaal Herba-

rium, 4308 | :

_ This species appears to be closely allied to 8. longicaulis and 8. erecta, both

in floral and vegetative structure, and it is possible that a series of intermediate

- forms linking these species together may be found. In this species the leaves

are ovate below becoming orbicular above, whilst in S. longicaulis they tend to

be he below becoming lanceolate above—the stigma in S. grandiflora also is

capitate.

53. §. multiflora (Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii.

1903, 44); perennial or biennial, erect, much-branched, about 12 in.

high ; leaves numerous, 3-44 lin. long, 4—6 lin. broad, semicircular,

apiculate, coriaceous, margins slightly reflexed ; inflorescence much-

branched, lax and spreading, many-flowered ; branches 4—6 lin.

long; pedicels about 4 lin. long ; calyx-segments broadly keeled or

keel becoming a narrow wing, 3-3} lin. long, 14-2} lin. broad, ovate

or elliptic, acute; corolla-tube 3-34 lin. long ; lobes 4-4} lin. long,

3 lin. broad, obovate-spathulate, rounded or subacute ; filaments

1 lin. long ; anthers 14 lin. long, with a large apical and two large

basal glands; style 34 lin. long, with swelling 1 lin. above base ;

stigma capitate-clavate.

Cunrrat Recion : Graaff Reinet Div.; Oude Berg, near Graaff Reinet, 4500 ft.,

Bolus, 171!

54. 8. schinziana (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 95) ; perennial,

erect, stout, much-branched, stiff and bushy, about 8 in. high ; leaves

numerous, closely crowded together, broadly cordate or ovate, acute,

coriaceous, margin reflexed, 3-4} lin. long, 3-44 lin. broad ; stems

much-branched above ending in few-flowered cymes ; ‘branches and

pedicels about 1} lin. long; calyx-segments not always equal in

size, 3 large and 2 small, 34 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, with —

_ narrow keel-wing ; corolla-tube 33 lin. long ; lobes 4-44 lin. long, —

23-23 lin. broad, obovate, obtuse or subacute ; filaments }- lin.

Sebea. | GENTIANE® (Hill and Prain). 1085

long ; anthers 1} lin. long, glands absent ; style 3-4 lin. long, with

swelling 1-1} lin. above the base ; stigma capitate.

Karanart Recion : Transvaal ; Devils Knuckles, Wilms, 965! Burtt Davy, 492 !

Eastern Recion: Natal; Bushmans River, on the Drakensberg Range, Evans,

54!

55. S. macrophylla (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 96); perennial

or biennial, erect, simple or branched, 10-1 in. high; leaves

numerous, orbicular-ovate, acute, sometimes rounded, 5-7 lin.

long, 6-9 lin. broad, somewhat coriaceous and varnished above ;

stem much-branched above to form a leafy dense-flowered inflor-

escence ; actual cymes relatively few-flowered ; branches about

4 lin. long; pedicels about 2 lin. long; calyx-segments elliptic-

lanceolate, acute or acuminate, concave, with a narrow keel-wing,

34-44 lin. long ; corolla-tube 34-4} lin. long ; lobes 34-44 lin. long,

2-24 lin. broad, spathulate, obtuse or subacute ; filaments }—% lin.

long ; anthers 14-1} lin. long, with apical and sometimes two basal

glands? style 34-4} lin. long ; stigma capitate, bilobed, sometimes

appearing as very shortly clavate. Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges.

Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 45; A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 329.

S. hymenosepala, Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii.

(1903) 49 partly. S. wittebergensis, Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges.

Tnibeck, xvii. (1903) 45.

Coast Region: King Williamstown Div. ; Buffalo, near Perie, 4000 ft., Z'yson,

1047 ! Kaffraria, Mrs. Barber !

KabaHarr Reaion: Orange River Colony ; Kadzi Berg in the Witteberg Range,

Rehmann, 3999! Basutoland, Cooper, 713! Transvaal; Drakensberg Range, near

Pilgrims Rest, 5000 ft., McLea in Herb. Bolus, 171! 3099!

Eastern Reaion: Griqualand East ; summit of Mount Currie, 6500 ft., Tyson

in MacOwan and Bolus Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 1289b !

56. 8. crassulefolia (Cham. & Schlecht. in Linnea, i. 193);

perennial or biennial, erect, slender, simple or branched, about

12 in. high; leaves numerous, the lower broadly orbicular-ovate

or reniform, obtuse or apiculate, 24-3 lin. long, 4—6 lin. broad,

somewhat coriaceous, the upper leaves becoming narrowly triangular-

ovate ; inflorescences lax, composed of numerous cymes at the ends

of lateral branches ; cymes many-flowered, dense ; branches 4-6 lin.

long; pedicels 1-2 lin. long; calyx-segments narrowly ovate-

lanceolate, acute 2} lin. long, with sharp keel or very narrow keel-

wing ; corolla-tube 24-3 lin. long; lobes 3-4 lin. long, 1-1} lin. -

broad, obovate, oblong, obtuse ; filaments 4—} lin. long; anthers

1-1} lin. long, glands minute, apparently 3; style 3-4 lin. long,

with swelling ; stigma shortly clavate. Schinz in Vierteljahrsschr.

Naturf. Gesellsch. Ziirich, xxxvii. 323 partly; Griseb. Gen. et Spec.

Gent. 168; Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 50

partly; A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 330. S. crassulifolia,

Griseb. in DO. Prodr. ix. 53; Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 97 partly.

8. hymenosepala, Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903)

1086 GENTIANEA (Hill and Prain). [ Sebacw.

Sourn AFRICA: without precise locality, Hcklon, 660.

Coasr Recion: Knysna Div.; Plettenbergs Bay Poort, Mund and Maire.

Uitenhage Div. ; near Uitenhage ! 1000-3000 ft., Zeyher! Ecklon and Zeyher.

British Kaffraria, Cooper, 406 !

57. §. Brehmeri (Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii.

1903, 50); perennial or biennial, erect, stout, branched, 15-20 in.

high ; leaves numerous, broadly ovate to reniform, acute, 3—4 lin.

long, 4—6 lin. broad, coriaceous, varnished above, margins reflexed ;

inflorescences composed of numerous lax branches bearing few- to

many-flowered cymes; branches irregular ; pedicels 3-4 lin. long ;

bracts numerous, narrowly ovate, acute; calyx-segments ovate-

oblong, acute or acuminate, 3-4 lin. long, with narrow keel-wing

broadest about the middle ; corolla-tube 34-44 lin. long ; lobes 3-34

lin. long, 14-2 lin. broad, obovate-oblong to obovate-orbicular,

unguiculate ; filaments 1-1} lin. long; anthers } lin. long, with

apical gland; style 4-4} lin. long, with inconspicuous swelling ;

stigma capitate.

SoutH Arrica : without locality, Bowie !

Coast Reeion: George Div. ; near Touw River, Burchell, 5734! Knysna Div. ;

near Knysna, Burchell, 5485! 5494!

_ This species is very similar to S. crassulefolia, Cham. & Schlecht., but differs

in the generally larger floral structures and capitate stigma and also in the

numerous narrowly ovate acute bracts.

58. 8. leiostyla (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 97) ; perennial or

biennial, erect, simple or branched, stout, 12-15 in. high ; leaves

cordate or ovate-orbicular, subacute, apex sometimes shortly apicu-

late, 4-9 lin. long, 4-7 lin. broad, somewhat coriaceous ; cymes

many-flowered, compact, either arranged to form large capitate

inflorescences or borne in clusters at the ends of lateral shoots ;

branches variable in length ; pedicels 1—2 lin. long ; calyx-segments

24-34 lin. long, elliptic, acute or acuminate, with a very narrow

keel-wing ; corolla-tube 24-3} lin. long ; lobes 24-3 lin. long, 14-13

lin. broad, obovate-oblong, subacute ; filaments 4-1 lin. long; anthers

1-1} lin. long, with apical gland; style 24-3} lin. long, with

swelling (sometimes absent) ; stigma capitate. Schinz in Mitteil.

Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 32; Baker and N. E. Br. in Dyer,

Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 548; A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 330.

S. transvaalensis, Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903)

49. S. sedoides, Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903)

43 partly. .

KaLanart Recion: Orange River Colony ; near Harrismith, Sankey, 175!

Bethlehem, Richardson! and without precise locality, Cooper, 2752! 2759!

Transvaal; between Trigards Fontein and Standerton, Rehmann, 6755 ! near

Pretoria, 4600 ft., Schlechter, 4157 ! Houtbosch , 6400 ft., Schlechter, 4720!

Riet Spruit, Krook, 2016! near Vereeniging, Burtt Davy, 7767! Ermelo Experi-

mental Farm, 5400 ft., Burtt Davy, 7710! ene?

Eastern Region: Natal; ranges 30-60 miles from the sea, 2000-3500 ft.,

Sutherland | Summit of Amajuba Hill, Burtt Davy, 7747b! and without precise —

jocality, Gerrard, 1988! |” re ee

Sebea. | GENTIANE# (Hill and Prain). 1087

There appears to be no character to enable the two species S. leivstyla and

S. transvaalensis both to be maintained, S. leiostyla has therefore a somewhat

extended range from Nyassaland to Natal, but Buchanan, 270, which is the type of

Gilg’s species, appears to agree in all essentials with the other specimens quoted.

The plant collected by Schlechter in the Houtbosch Berg, 4720, which forms the type

of Schinz’s S. transvaalensis, differs from the other examples in its more bushy

habit and numerous lateral inflorescences, but in floral character there are no

essential points of difference from the other specimens included under this

species,

59. 8. Macowanii (Gilg ex Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck,

xvii. 1903, 47); annual or biennial, erect, simple below, branching

above, about 5 in. high; leaves few, broadly ovate, acute, 5 lin.

long, 43 lin. broad, herbaceous ; cymes lax, few-flowered ; calyx-

segments 54 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute, with a

keel-wing commencing about the middle and extending to the base

of each segment; corolla-tube 44-5 lin. long; lobes 5 lin. long,

24 lin. broad, obovate-elliptic ; filaments } lin. long ; anthers about

25 lin. long, with apical glands; style 3$-3? lin. long, with

swelling below the middle ; stigma bilobed, ?—3 lin. long, thick and

fleshy. :

Coast Reeion: King Williamstown Div. ; low hills around King Williamstown,

1500 ft., Tyson, 2203 !

A small single specimen with four flowers, conspicuous by the large calyx-

segments, with the wing prominent only on the lower portion.

60. S. imbricata (A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 331);

perennial or biennial, simple or branched, erect, 7-10 in. high,

stout ; internodes short, 3-6 lin. long ; leaves numerous, orbicular-

ovate or cordate, apiculate, 4-44 lin. long, 5}—4} lin. broad, some-

what coriaceous; inflorescences many-flowered, much-branched,

forming a dense cymose corymb ; branches 3-4 lin. long ; pedicels

about 1 lin. long; calyx-segments 4}—5 lin, long, about 15-2 lin.

broad, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, overlapping widely at the base,

with wing § lin. broad, broadest at the base ; corolla-tube 3-3} lin.

long ; lobes 34—4 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, elliptic-obovate, apiculate ;

filaments 1—} lin. long; anthers 1} lin. long, with small apical

gland ; style 34-4 lin. long, with swelling near the base ; stigma

capitate-clavate.

: Eastern Recion: Natal; summit of Amajuba Hill, 8000 ft., Burtt Davy,

747c!

This species is distinct, owing particularly to the dense corymbose inflorescence

and the long calyx-segments, which overlap widely at the base ; it shows some

resemblance to S. Rehmannii and S. polyantha in floral structure.

61. S. polyantha (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 95); annual or

_ biennial, erect, richly branched above, 10-12 in. high ; leaves ovate-

orbicular or cordate, subacute, somewhat coriaceous, 3—5 lin. long,

4-5 lin. broad ; inflorescences elongated, composed of 1—5-flowered

- axillary cymes; branches 1-2 lin. long ; pedicels about 1 lin. long ;

1088 GENTIANE& (Hill and Prain). | Sebaea.

calyx-segments narrowly elliptic, acuminate, 3-3} lin. long, with

keel-wing } lin. broad, broadest about the middle; corolla-tube

21-3 lin. long ; lobes 24-2} lin. long, 1 lin. broad, obovate-lanceo-

late, acute ; filaments 4 lin. long; anthers ? lin. long, with minute

apical glands ; style 24-3} lin. long, with swelling ; stigma capitate,

inconspicuous.

Kauanart Reoion: Transvaal; Spitz Kop, near Lydenburg, Wilms, 963!

mountains at MacMac, J/udd !

62. S. Rehmannii (Schinz in Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Gesellsch.

Ziirich, xxxvii. 1891, 322); annual or biennial, erect ; stems simple,

about 8 in. high; leaves somewhat widely separated ; internodes

7 lin. in. long ; leaves broadly ovate, obtuse or subacute, 2}—4} lin.

iong, 3-4} lin. broad, herbaceous ; cymes relatively few-flowered, with

erect branches ; pedicels about 1 lin. long ; calyx-segments 3 lin. long,

with broad wing, broadest rather below the middle, ovate-lanceolate,

acute ; corolla-tube 23-31 lin. long ; lobes 3}—4 (rarely 5) lin. long,

oblong, obtuse ; filaments } lin. long ; anthers 1-1} lin. long, with —

small apical gland ; style about 3 lin. long, with swelling ; stigma

capitate. Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 95; Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr.

Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903), 48.

Katawari Recion: Transvaal; Houtbosch (Woodbush), Rehmann, 5925!

_In general appearance this species is very close to S. hymenosepala, Gilg, but

differs in the longer internodes, more ovate herbaceous leaves ; only one anther-

gland appears to be present, whilst in S. hymenosepala from the Cape there appear

to be two minute basal glands. :

63. 8. hymenosepala (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 89); annual

or biennial, erect, 6-11 in. high, usually branching from the

base, with erect simple branches ; leaves numerous and crowded in

the lower parts of the stem, broadly orbicular-ovate to subreniform,

3-44 lin. long, 4-6 lin. broad, obtuse or apiculate, somewhat

coriaceous ; inflorescence composed of compact many-flowered cymes

borne on numerous axillary branches; calyx-segments 2}—4 lin.

long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, with membranous keel-wing }—} lin.

wide, broadest below the middle ; corolla-tube 24-3} lin. long ; lobes

about 3 lin. long, 1-2 lin. broad, spathulate, slightly cucullate ;

filaments }—3 lin. long ; anthers 1-1} lin. long, with apical and two

minute basal glands ; style 3-34 lin. long, with swelling; stigma

capitate or very shortly clavate. Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges.

Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 49 partly; A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908,

331. 8. semialata, Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 97 ; Schinz in Mitte.

Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 46,

Var. 8, grandiflora (A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 332), differs from the

typical form in the more reniform-rounded leaves and long internodes 1 the —

parts of the stems, in the wider calyx-lobes and large orbicular-ovate

upper oe

corolla-lobes 4} lin. long, 3 lin. broad. Cymes borne on long branches, few-

flowered, somewhat pend:

Sebzea. | GENTIANE# (Hill and Prain). 1089

Coast Region : Alexandria Div. ; Zuurberg Range, Bolus, 9122! at Doorn Nek

and Bontjes River, 2000-3000 ft., Drége! Albany Div.; mountains near

Grahamstown, 2200 ft., Galpin, 375! Atherstone, 477 ! Misses Daly and Sole, 468 !

Stockenstrom Div.; Katberg, Shaw! Komgha Div. ; between Sandplaat and

Komgha, 2200-3200 ft., Drege, 4921!

EasteRN Recion: Transkei; near Kentani, 1000 ft., Miss Pegler, 906!

Kreilis Country, Bowker! Pondoland ; near Umtamvuna, Bachmann, 1040; and

without precise locality, Ayrebs, 23%! Griqualand East; marshy places near

Klein Pot River, in Maclear Div., 4500 ft., Galpin, 6774! Var. B: Griqualand

East ; Doodmans Krans (at the junction of the Witteberg and Drakensberg

Ranges in Mount Fletcher Div.), 8850 ft., Galpin, 6776 !

From a careful comparison of the available material, there appears to be no

good ground for maintaining both §. semialata, Gilg, and 8. hymenosepala, Gilg.

The principal difference in the description appears to be that in S. hymenosepala

there are 3 glands to the anthers, whilst only an apical gland is found in

S. semialata, This distinction, however, does not bold good, for the presence or

absence of basal glands seems somewhat variable. S. hymenosepala, Gilg, is

therefore adopted for the combined species; it is very closely allied to

S. Rehmannii, Schinz, from the Transvaal and perhaps shouid be united with

that species. The internodes are shorter, however, in S. hymenosepala and the

leaves more reniform. Both these latter species are very like S. Rudol fii,

Schinz, in general appearance, but it is separated from them by the position

and character of the anthers. Schinz in his monograph of the genus (Mitteil.

Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. 1903, 49) includes some other numbers under

S. hymenosepala, Gilg, but they do not appear to belong to this species and

have been excluded. Shaw’s specimen from the Kat Berg most nearly approaches

var. grandiflora,

64. 8. fastigiata (A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 332) ;

perennial or biennial, erect, stout, branched, 10-14 in. high;

branches given off all the length of the stem; leaves numerous,

Somewhat crowded, broadly ovate, acute, 4-5 lin. long, 4—7 lin.

broad, somewhat coriaceous and slightly varnished above ; inflor-

escences lax, composed of few-flowered cymes at the ends of lateral

branches, branches leafy, inflorescence branches 33-74 lin, long ;

pedicels 5 lin. long; bracts broadly ovate, acute or acuminate ;

calyx-segments 34-44 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, with

keel-wing broadest at the middle, 1—} lin. wide ; corolla-tube about

3% lin. long; lobes 34—4 lin. long, 13-24 lin. wide, obovate ; filaments

2} lin. long; anthers 14-2 lin. long, with apical gland (? minute

glands also) ; style 34—44 lin. long, with swelling ; stigma capitate.

S. crassulefolia, Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903)

50 partly, not of Cham. & Schlecht. S. hymenosepala, Gilg in Schinz,

Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903) 49 partly.

Coast Rearon: George Div. ; near George, Prior ! Uitenhage Div. ; Vanstadens

Berg, Burchell, 4749 ! Albany Div.; mountains near Grahamstown, 2000 ft.,

Zeyher, 205! MacOwan, 16! Cooper, 25! Williamson! Signal Hill, near Grahams-

eg Eeponbe sing 16, Howisons Poort, Schénland. Bathurst Div.; Port Alfred,

ess & ’ i

65. 8. Rudolfii (Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér. vi. 741) ;

annual, erect; stems usually branching, 5-9 in. high; leaves

‘humerous, broadly ovate, obtuse, 2} lin. long, 2 lin. broad, somewhat

Corlaceous ; cymes rather densely corymbose, their branches 2 lin.

VOL, I1V.—SECT. L—PART VI. as

1090 GENTIANE® (Hill and Prain). | Sebeea.

long or less ; pedicels § lin. long; calyx-segments 3-35 lin. long,

ovate - lanceolate, acute, with wide membranous keel-wing, 4} lin.

wide, broadest near the base ; corolla-tube 3-34 lin. long ; lobes

2}-3 lin. long, obovate-oblong, obtuse or subacute, 1-1} lin. broad ;

anthers {-% lin. long, with apical and very minute basal glands ;

filaments very short, inserted in the corolla-throat about 1—} lin.

below the sinuses ; style 21-3 lin. long, with swelling near the base ;

stigma capitate. §. natalensis, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. 442 ;

Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 95.

Eastern Recion: Pondoland; Fakus Territory, Sutherland! Natal; among

rocks near Mount West, 5400 ft., Schlechter, 6819 ! Ranges 30-60 miles from the

sea, 2000-3000 ft., Sutherland! Noodsberg, Wood, 922! and without precise

locality, Sutherland ! Cooper, 2750 (in Edinburgh Herbarium) !

66. 8. repens (Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. 219); perennial ;

stems slender, branched, creeping, cxespitose ; leaves broadly ovate

or subreniform, obtuse or subacute, fleshy, about 2 lin. long, 14-3 -

lin. broad, subsessile or petiolate; cymes 1—3-flowered, almost

sessile at the apex of leafy shoots; calyx-segments 24-3 lin. long,

ovate, acute, keeled ; corolla-tube 24—3 lin. long ; lobes 3-4 lin. long,

1}-2 lin. broad, obovate-oblong, obtuse ; filaments }-} lin. long;

anthers 1-1} lin. long, with large apical gland (orange when dry) ;

style 3-34 lin, long, with swelling near the base ; stigma capitate or

shortly clavate, sometimes bilabiate. Gily in Engl, Jahrb. xxvi. 98 5

Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. (1903), 34. S. Evansii,

N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 27,

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Schlechter, 900a !

Katanart Region: Transvaal ; in shade on the summit of a kloof at Ermelo,

Burtt Davy, 1892 !

Eastern ReGron : Griqualand East ; Ingeli Mountain, 6000 ft., Z'yson, 1378 !

Natal ; damp places on flat rocks by the Bushmans River, 6000-7000 ft., Bvans,

56 ! and without precise locality, Cooper, 2761 !

67. 8. Marlothii (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 83); perennial,

procumbent with short stout creeping rhizomes ; leaves crowded at

the ends of creeping stems, subrosulate or separated by short inter-

nodes, obovate-orbicular, obtuse, 24-3 lin. long, 24 lin. broad,

narrowed to form petioles 3-6 lin. long, fieshy ; cymes 3—5-flowered,

sessile, buried amongst the leaves ; pedicels about 1 lin. long ; calyx-

segments 25-3 lin. long, elliptic, obtuse, apiculate, with a dorsal

keel ; corolla-tube 34—4 lin. long; lobes 4-4} lin. long, 14 lin.

broad, obovate-oblong, subacute; filaments inserted slightly below

the sinuses of the corolla; anthers } lin, long, with large conical

apical gland, black when dry, } lin. long; style 3 lin. long, with

swelling near the base, very slight or sometimes absent; stigma

137. os : a

_ __Katauarr Recron: Orange River Colony; summit of Mont aux Sources, ie

9500-10000 ft., Mann, 2886; Bolus, 12950 ! ROCCE pabtly boc.

Sebeex. GENTIANE& (Hill and Prain). 1091

68. 8. procumbens (A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 333) ;

perennial ; stems branched, creeping, 2—4 in. long, terminating in

erect flowering stems; leaves spathulate or orbicular-spathulate,

4-7 lin. long, 3-4 lin. broad, somewhat fleshy, narrowed below

to form a short petiole ; erect flowering stem 2-3 in. high, with

3—4 pairs of orbicular-ovate leaves ; cymes capitate, dense, many-

flowered ; branches about 2 lin. long; pedicels very short ; calyx-

segments united below for a short distance, 3 lin. long, elliptic

or obovate, apiculate, membranous with a thickened keel or narrow

wing ; corolla-tube 3 lin. long ; lobes 3—4 lin. long, 13-2 lin. broad,

spathulate, subacute ; filaments very short, situated in the corolla

sinuses or just below them; anthers }~1 lin. long, with apical

gland (yellow) } lin. long and 2 basal glands; style 24 lin. long,

with swelling towards the base ; stigma capitate.

KataAHArt Region: Orange River Colony; summit of Mont aux Sources,

9500 ft., Flanagan, 2079!

69. 8. thodeana (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 96); biennial or

perennial, with a creeping rhizome, bearing rosettes of radical leaves

and erect inflorescences or with creeping stems bearing somewhat

scattered leaves which may or may not terminate in an inflorescence ;

leaves elongate or orbicular-spathulate, narrowed below to form

almost a petiole in some cases, $1} in. long, 1-1 in. broad, some-

what coriaceous or fleshy ; inflorescences 2—4 in. high, with usually

2 pairs of obovate subacute cauline leaves ; cymes compact, several-

flowered ; branches 2-4 lin. long; pedicels very short; calyx-

segments 3-4 lin. long, fused below for a short distance, elliptic,

acute, with thickened keel ; corolla-tube 34-4 lin. long; lobes 4-5

lin. long, 1$-1} lin. broad, narrowly elliptic or obovate-elliptic,

unguiculate, subacute; filaments about } lin: long, inserted just

below the corolla sinuses; anthers 3-1} lin. long, with a large

black conical apical gland #—1 lin. long and traces of basal glands ;

style 2-3 lin. long, with swelling near the base ; stigma capitate or

very shortly clavate, Schinz-in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii.

(1903) 47.

Centra Reaion: Barkly East Div. ; Ben MeDhui, 9400 ft., Galpin, 6777 !

Katanart Recton: Orange River Colony; summit of Mont aux Sources,

10000 ft.. Mann, 2878 ; Flanagan in Herb. Bolus, 8216!

Eastern Recon : Natal; hill above Mjassute River Valley, near Emengweni,

6000-7000 ft., Thode, 67 ; Giants Castle, 8000 ft., Guthrie in Herb. Bolus, 4882 !

This species presents two very different facies according as it is found with a

definite rosette of elongated leaves or with long creeping stem with the leaves

Separated by internodes 3-5 lin. long. In the latter case the plant resembles

S. repens or 8, procumbens very closely in the vegetative condition, but

can be easily distinguished by the floral characters. In its rosette form it is

very similar in many respects to S. spathulata, which possibly also has short

creeping stems, the floral characters agree closely, especially the large glands to

the anthers and the peculiar texture of the corolla. S, thodeana is dist: ed

from S. spathulata chiefly by the position of the anthers in the corolla-tube and

by the character of the style.

a ae

1092 GENTIANE& (Hill and Prain). | Sebeea.

70. S. spathulata (Steud. ex Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 55);

perennial or biennial; rhizome short, creeping; flowering stem

erect, 5-12 in. high, springing from a large rosette of radical leaves ;

leaves elongate spathulate, obtuse, 1-54 in. long, 5-9 lin. broad,

somewhat fleshy, the erect flowering stem bears 2 or 3 pairs of

obovate subacute leaves; inflorescence a short cymose raceme

bearing 2-3 pairs of lateral cymes ; branches 4—6 lin. long ; cymes

compact, 7—15-flowered ; branches 2—3 lin. long; pedicels $—1 lin.

long ; calyx-segments 4-43 lin. long, slightly united below, elliptie-

lanceolate, acute or acuminate, with a slight keel; corolla-tube

41-6 lin. long ; lobes about 3 lin. long, elliptic-obovate, unguiculate,

14-1} lin. broad ; filaments very short situated in the corolla-tube,

about 3-1 lin. below the sinuses ; anthers }-1} lin. long, with dark

chocolate-brown conical apical glands about 1 lin. long, anthers

usually free in the bud and syngenesious in the open flower ; style

1-1} lin. long; stigma about } lin. long, clavate-bilabiate, swelling

just below the stigma and more or less confluent with apex of the

stigma below the base of the anthers. Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss.

2me sér. vi. 732; A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 334. S. Flana-

ganii, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér. vi. 737. Belmontia

_ spathulata, E. Meyer, Comm. 183; Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 55.

B. Flanaganii, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iii. 413.

' Centra Recion ; Aliwal North Div.; Witteberg Range, 7500 ft., Drége !

Katanart Region: Basutoland; damp shady banks of Buffalo River, above

the waterfall, 8100 ft., Galpin, 6778! top of Mont aux Sources, 9500 ft., and

Ruellenberg, Flanayan, 2080 !

rye Recon: Natal; Giants Castle, 6000 ft., Guthrie in Herb. Bolus,

S. spathulata and S. Flanaganii appear to be the same thing, the original and

only specimen of the former is in poor condition and has lost the large apical

glands at the top of the anthers, as has also the Galpin specimen, the scar,

however, is left, and as the plants agree in every other respect I have no

hesitation in reducing S. Flanayanii, Schinz, to S. spathulata, Steud. SS. spathu-

lata shows close resemblance in many points to S. thodeana, the stigma and

swelling, however, in S. spathulata are always below the base of the anthers

and more or less confluent, whilst in S. thodeana the stigma is capitate and

smal] and situated above the anthers with a small swelling near the base of the —

style below the anthers.

71. S. Thomasii (Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér. vi.

743); perennial or biennial; stems branched, procumbent, 9-9

_in. long, sometimes rooting at the nodes or ascending }-1} in.

high ; leaves numerous, either separated by internodes 3-6 lin. long

or closely compacted to form a radical rosette after the manner of

Gentiana verna, ovate or orbicular-ovate, 4-8 lin. long, 2-6 lin.

broad, rounded or subacute, slightly apiculate, coriaceous, var nished

and dark green above, paler below; flowers Gentian-like, usually

solitary at the apices of the stems ; calyx-segments elliptic-lanceolate,

acuminate, 5}—6 lin. long, thickened and keeled on the back, united

below to form a short tube ; corolla-tube cylindrical, 6-11 lin. long ;_

Sebea. | GENTIANE (Hill and Prain). 1093

lobes 5-63 lin. long, 3-4 lin. broad, ovate, acute, unguiculate ;

filaments } lin. long, inserted 14-3 lin. below the sinuses; anthers

1}-1 lin. long, with stipitate apical gland }—} lin. long and two

smaller basal glands ; style about 2 lin. long ; stigma 1-1 lin. long,

the apex below the base of the anthers ; capsule ovoid ; seeds small.

A, W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 335. Parasia Thomasii, S. Moore

in Journ. Bot. 1901, 260, and 1907, 154.

Coast Reaion : Fort Beaufort Div. ; top of the Winterberg Range, Fraser !

Kauanari Recron: Orange River Colony; Mont aux Sources, 6500-10000 ft.,

Flanagan in Herb. Bolus, 8215! Bolus, 10664 partly ! and without precise locality,

Pateshall Thomas !

EastTeRN Recion : Natal ; Tabamhlope, 6000 ft., Wylie in Herb. Wood, 10639 !

Giants Castle Pass, Wylie in Herb. Wood, 10639! Giants Castle, Guthrie in Herb.

Bolus, 4882 partly !

A very variable plant with either long procumbent stems or forming small

plants terminated by a single flower closely simulating Gentiana verna, both as

regards the form of the plant and the external appearance of the flower. In the

structure of the flower this species is closely allied to S. spathulata, Steud., both

in the anthers with their large apical glands and in the style, with its apex

situated below the base of the anthers, in which its swelling appears to be

confluent with the stigma or to almost entirely replace it. In this latter character,

as also in the glandular hairs between calyx and corolla, this species shows an

alliance with Exochenium.

II, EXOCHANIUM, Griseb.

Calyx 4—5-lobed; tube very short; lobes ovate - lanceolate,

acuminate, winged ; disc-scale ring between calyx and corolla.

Corolla 4—5-lobed ; tube suburceolate around ovary, funnel-shaped

or cylindric above constriction ; lobes ovate or oblong, spreading.

Stamens 4 or 5, inserted below corolla sinuses ; filaments included,

usually stout (except in the long-styled flowers); anthers with

apical glands, usually elongated, sometimes with two at the base (in

long-styled flowers anthers are syngenesious and open extrorsely).

Ovary 2-celled ; placentas axile; ovules many ; style filiform, with-

out glandular swellings ; stigma elongate clavate, covered with long

papillx, usually situated below the base of the anthers or more

rarely on a level with them, in two or (?) more species the flowers

are heterostyled and long, and sometimes short- and mid-styled

flowers are found. Capsule globose or ovoid, coriaceous, septicidal ;

valves 2. Seeds many, small, simple.

Annual herbs apparently saprophytic or with mycorhiza ; stems erect, simple or

branched, with decurrent wings; leaves opposite, sessile, herbaceous ; flowers

small or large, yellow, less commonly white, solitary or more rarely in few-flowered

terminal or axillary cymes.

Distr. Species about 11, all Tropical African, one extending into South :

Africa.

. E

___ Some critical notes on this genus have been published in the Kew Bulletin, —

TE, Wks PUI cae ee : ae

1094 GENTIANEE (Hill and Prain). — [ Fwochaenium.

1. EB. grande (Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 55); annual; stem

erect, simple or branching above the base, very variable in size,

3-14 in. high ; leaves ovate- or linear-lanceolate, acute or acuminate,

the lower usually minute and scale-like, separated by more or less

long internodes, upper becoming larger, 1-14 in. long, with shorter

internodes; flowers yellow, usually solitary ; calyx-segments 5,

rarely 4, 8-12 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, with a broad

wing 4-1 lin. broad, broadest at the base; a ring of disc-scales

occurs between the calyx and corolla; corolla-tube 8-11 Jin. long,

suburceolate around ovary, gradually funnel-shaped upwards from

the constriction ; lobes 4 or 5, broadly ovate, acute or apiculate,

6-8 lin. long, 3-5 lin. broad ; flowers heterostyled ; short-styled

flowers ; anthers 4 or 5, 1-1} lin. long, with large apical conical

stipitate glands 2-1 lin. long, and two smaller basal glands ;

filaments stout, 24-3 lin. long, inserted 3-3} lin. from the base of

the tube ; style 1-2 lin. long ; stigma clavate, 14-1} lin. long, the

top reaching about as far as the insertion of the filaments ; long-

styled flowers: anthers practically sessile, inserted about 3 lin.

above the base of the tube, 2—1 lin. long, adhering together laterally

to form a ring round the style, and thus opening extrorsely, with

3 glands, the apical }-}? lin. long, cylindrical or lanceolate,

definitely stipitate; style 44-5 lin. long; stigma 24 lin. long,

papillate, the stigmatic surface being free of the anthers ; ovary

globose-ovoid, deeply grooved, 2 lin. long, the upper 1 or 3 having

the wall of the capsule strongly thickened, the lower part thinner ;

capsule opening probably as a pyxidium ; seeds minute. Plants

bearing both long- and short-styled flowers have been collected

in the same localities. Welw. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvii. 49 ; Schinz

in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér. vi. 745; A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin,

1908, 337 ; var. major, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2"° sér. vi. 802.

Belmontia grandis, E. Meyer, Comm. 183 ; Schinz in Vierteljahrsschr.

Naturf. Gesellsch. Ziirich, xxxvii. 330 ; Baker and N. E. Br. in Dyer,

Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i: 1904, 553. Seba grandis, Steud. Nom. ed. 2,

1841, 550. Parasia grandis, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 707.

Parasia grandis, Hiern, var. major, S. Moore i Journ. Bot.

1902, 384,

Var. homostylum (A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 338) ; agrees with the

typical form as to the general vegetative characters, the plant being usually tall

and more slender, with smaller leaves, in some cases the upper leaves being linear-

lanceolate, 5 lin. long ; flowers usually white, sometimes yellow ; calyx-segments

4 or 5, 5-8 lin. long ; corolla-tube 5-7 lin. long; lobes 4 or 5, 25-4 lin. long, 1-2

lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, acute ; anthers 4 or 5, 4-# lin. long, with smaller

apical and basal glands; filaments stout, 1 lin. long, inserted 3-34 lin. above the

base of the corolla-tube ; style 24 lin. long ; stigma about 14 lin. long, on & level

with the anthers ; ovary as in the typical form. Belmontia natalensis, Schinz im Bull.

Herb, Boiss. ti, 220. Sebwa natalensis, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2"° sér. vi. 732.

Katanart Rearon: Orange River Colony ; Thaba ’Nehu, Burke, 205! Miss

Trollops! Free State Flats, Mrs. Barber! between Rhenoster River and Vaal —

River, Mrs. Barber, 626! near Harrismith, 5500 ft., Sankey, 176! and without

"precise locality, Zeyher, 1192! Cooper, 2758! Basutoland ; by the Caledon River,

Exochenium.| GENTIANE® (Hill and Prain). 1095

Mrs. Barber, 20 ! Hall. Transvaal ; various localities, Rehmann, 5061, 6534,

Nelson, 390! Wilms, 961! Galpin, 1291! Schlechter, 4137! Rand, 1227, Burtt

Davy, 25! 1290! 7724! Nicholson in Transvaal Herbarium, 4809! McLea in

Herb. Bolus, 5711!

Eastern Recion: Transkei; Tsomo, Mrs. Barber, 856! Tembuland ; Bazeia,

2000 ft., Bawr, 155! Pondoland ; between Umtentu River and Umzimkulu River,

below 500 ft., Drége! between St. Johns River and Umtsikaba River, Drége.

Natal ; coast-land, Sutherland! between Attercliff and Bothas Hill, 600-1500 ft.,

Sanderson, 98! Inanda, Wood, 10! Noods Berg, 2000 ft., Wood, 109! grass-

fields, &e., 2000 ft., Wood, 247; near Tugela, Gerrard, 782! and without precise

locality, Gerrard, 253! Sanderson, 292 partly! Cooper, 2754! Zululand ;

Isandhlwana, Patteshall Thomas. Var. 8: Natal; near Durban, Drége, 4919

partly ! near Umzinto, MeKen, 15! Clairmont, 20 ft., Wood, 6100 ; Noods Berg,

Wood, 922! near Pinetown, 800 ft., Wood, 657 ; Eisdumbini, 1800 ft., Wood,

133! Inanda, Wood, 541! and without precise locality, Sanderson, 292 partly !

Zululand ; Ngoya, 1000-2000 ft., Wood, 9322!

Also in Tropical Africa,

III. ORPHIUM, E. Meyer.

Calyz 5-lobed; tube campanulate ; lobes oblong, unkeeled,

separated from corolla by an annular crenulate disk. Corolla

5-lobed ; limb subrotate ; tube short ; lobes contorted. Stamens 5,

declinate, inserted in corolla-throat ; filaments short, flattened at

the base ; anthers linear-oblong, erect, at length twisted. Ovary

1-celled, ovoid-oblong ; placentas intruded ; ovules numerous ; style

filiform ; stigma capitate, dilated, simple. Capsule narrow-ovoid,

septicidal ; valves 2 with inflexed placentiferous margins. Seeds

numerous, foveolate.

An erect virgately branching shrub, pubescent or rarely glabrescent ; leaves

numerous, sessile, thick, linear or oblong ; flowers pink, showy, in terminal leafy

cymes which are sometimes reduced to a single flower.

Distris. A single endemic species.

For critical notes on this genus see Kew Bulletin, 1908, 341.

1. 0. frutescens (E. Meyer, Comm. 181, as to citation) ; shrubby ;

stems 4-3 ft. long, much-branched ; branches virgate, leafy ; leaves

opposite, decussate, flat, oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate or sublinear,

obtuse or subacute, usually villous-pubescent on both sides, 1-1} or

rarely 2 in. long, 2-5 lin. wide; flowers usually in -3-flowered,

sometimes 5-flowered cymes, or solitary; peduncles pubescent,

3-1 in. long; calyx pubescent outside, 6 lin. long, divided

half-way; lobes obtuse or rarely subacute; corolla rose-pink ;

tube as long as calyx, narrow fusiform; lobes obovate-obtuse,

10 lin. long, 5-6 lin. wide; anthers twisted ; ovary 3 lin. long,

acute ; capsule 4 lin. long, 24 lin. wide. Griseb. in DO. Prodr. ix.

43. O. frutescens, var. decussata, E. Meyer, Comm. 181. Chironia

afrutescens, cgay Min ae 1,.190; ed, 2,273; Berg. Descr. Pl.

Cap. 45; Lam. Il. t. 108, fig. 1; Curt, Bot. Mag. t. 37 ; Thunb. .

1096 GENTIANE (Hill and Prain). _ [Orphium.

Prodr. 35, Flor. Cap. ii. 110, and in Trans. Linn. Soe. vii. 250 ;

Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 282; Burch. Trav. i. 37 ; Griseb. Gen. et Sp.

Gent. 96. C. decussata, Vent. Jard. Cels, t. 31; Pers. Syn. Pl. i.

282; Donn, Hort. Cantab. ed. 6, 57; Curt. Bot. Mag. t. 797 ;

C. latifolia, Donn, Hort. Cantab. ed. 2, 25. C. frutescens, var. hirsuta,

Cham. & Schlecht. in Linnea, i. 190, mainly. C. orthostylis, Reichb.

frutescens, G. Don, Gen. Syst. Gard. iv. 203.

Var. 8, angustifolia (Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 43); leaves linear, subterete,

often glabrous, sometimes sparsely villous-pubescent, 1-1} in. long, 14 lin. wide ;

peduncles and calyx glabrous or pubescent. 0. frutescens, E, Meyer, Comm.

181, as to specimens. O. frutescens, var. glabra, E, Meyer, Comm. 181. Chirenia

caryophylloides, Linn, Cent. ii. 12 ; Amen. Acad. ivy. 308. C. angustifolia, Curt.

Bot. Mag. t. 818. C. frutescens, var. hirsuta, Cham. & Schlecht. in Linnea, i. 190

partly. C. frutescens, var. glabra, Cham. & Schlecht. in Linnea, i. 190.

C. frutescens, var. angustifolia, Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 96. Roslinia angustifolia,

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 208.

Sour Arrica: without locality, Sparrman! Oldenland | Osbeck | Spielhaus !

Breutel! Thom, 636! 687! and cultivated specimens !

Coast Recon: Cape Diy. ; Flats, sand-dunes and other places near Cape

Town, Petiver! Sonnerat! Thunberg! Burchell, 8378! Wallich! Lehmann !

Hooker, 523! Harvey, 611! Miss Cole! Castelnau, 235! 236! 418! Milne, 171!

Emerson! Pappe! Prior! Bunbury! MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm. 960!

Wolley Dod, 352! Oaklands, Jameson! Camps Bay, near Little Lions Head, Prior!

Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland Mountains, Thunberg ! Zeyher | Caledon

—Div.; Thom, 1006! Swellendam Div.; between Grootvaders Bosch and Zuur-

braak, Burchell, 7256! Riversdale Div.; near Riversdale, Schlechter, 2008 !

Uniondale Div. ; Long Kloof, Castelnau! Var. 8: Clanwilliam Div. ; between

Berg Valley and Zwartbast Kraal, Drege! between Lange Valley and Branden-

berg, 600-1000 ft., Drége! Ruy Stream, near Lange Valley, Zeyher, 3426 ! Cape

Div.; near Cape Town, Sieber! Burchell, 414! Drége! Ecklon, 79! Wallich !

Lehmann! Castelnau! Harvey, 606! 608! Table Mountain, Ecklon, 647 ! near

Rondebosch, Burchell, 729! Stellenbosch Div. ; around Somerset West, Zcklon,

646! Riversdale Div. ; near Kaffirkuils River, 500 ft., Drége !

The variety here recognised appears very distinct, but there are intermediates

connecting it with typical O. frutescens. Within each variety there is considerable

variation ; in O. frutescens proper this is mainly restricted to differences in the

breadth of the leaves, the character and amount of pubescence remaining uniform ;

in var. angustifolia, it is mainly in the degree of pubescence that variation takes

place, the leaves remaining uniform in shape and size. It so happens that the

three gatherings by Drage, cited by Meyer when establishing the genus Orphium,

all belong to var. angustifolia, Griseb.

IV. CHIRONIA, Linn.

Calyx deeply 5-lobed ; tube short campanulate, sometimes nearly

obsolete; lobes lanceolate, rarely ovate, usually keeled. Corolla

5-lobed ; tube short or very short; lobes spreading, contorted.

_ the corolla-tube ; filaments short ; anthers linear-oblong, straight or

Stamens 5, usually inserted on the corolla-throat, sometimes with

Chironia. | GENTIANE (Hill and Prain), 1097

spiral, exserted. Ovary 1-celled; placentas 2-fid, little intruded ;

ovules numerous ; style subulate ; stigma simple or 2-lobed. Capsule

ovoid or subglobose, septicidal, 2-valved ; rarely (C. baccifera) fruit

almost indehiscent, baccate. Seeds numerous, globose, foveolate.

Annual or perennial glabrous herbs, often branched ; leaves 1-3-nerved, usually

numerous, sessile ; flowers usually pink, rarely purple, cymose ; cymes sometimes

reduced to a single flower, sometimes paniculate.

Distrip, Species 33, in South Africa, Tropical Africa and Madagascar.

Critical notes on this genus have been published in the Kew Bulletin, 1908,

341-376.

Section 1. Rastinta. Calyx 5-partite ; corolla-tube cylindric, narrowed

under the limb ; anthers straight ; ovary obtuse ; fruit globose, baccate.

A single species ... vr os ied ve ... (1) baccifera.

Section 2. Linocutron. Calyx 5-fid, rarely 5-partite; corolla-tube narrow-

campanulate ; anthers straight or faintly spiral; ovary obtuse ; capsule

obtuse.

Stems diffuse ; branches patent ; calyx-lobes broad,

spreading :

Calyx 5-partite, longer than corolla-tube ; corolla-

lobes obovate or suborbicular ... me

Calyx 5-fid, not longer than corolla-tube ; corolla-

lobes elliptic-lanceolate ... ae Re ... (3) Schinzii,

Stems erect ; branches erect or ascending ; calyx 5-fid:

Calyx longer than corolla-tube :

Leaves narrow-linear or subulate :

Calyx-lobes wide-triangular, obtuse or acute,

erect, overlapping and subauriculate at the

(2) arenaria,

ees _ is : ... (4) emarginata.

Calyx-lobes narrow, acute or subobtuse, often

slightly spreading, not subauriculate at the =.

base ... ais ate Say on ... (5) gracilis.

Leaves narrow-spathulate ; calyx-lobes rounded at :

the apex, erect, not subauriculate ... ... (6) Zeyheri.

Calyx not longer than corolla-tube ; lobes triangular, :

acute, erect, not subauriculate ; leaves linear... (7) linoides.

Section 3. HErTERocHIRON. Calyx 5-partite ; corolla-tube cylindric ; anthers

faintly spiral ; ovary subacute ; pedicels and calyx-lobes externally faintly

puberulous.

A single species ... vie at ay a .-. (8) Bansei.

Section 4. PsrvposaBBaTIA. Calyx 5-fid ; corolla-tube cylindric ; limb slightly

widened ; anthers from faintly to distinctly spiral ; ovary acute ; capsule

Stem-leaves in 4-8 pairs; radical leaves few, usually

soon vanishing ; panicles lax, their branches

spreading ; anthers faintly spiral :

Stem-leaves broad, ovate-lanceolate ; calyx-lobes

rarely longer than the tube ; corolla-lobes ovate,

obtuse, less often ovate-lanceolate, acute -.. (9) rosacea,

Stem-leaves narrow, lanceolate ; calyx-lobes longer

than the tube; corolla-lobes ovate-lanceolate,

aves eee is eee (10) transvaalensis, i Se :

1098 GENTIANE (Hill and Prain). | Chironia.

Stem-leaves in 1-2 (rarely 3) pairs; radical leaves

many subrosulate, persisting ; anthers distinctly

spiral :

Panicles lax, their branches spreading ; corolla-lobes

usually entire; leaves obov epee te pennies 0 or

lanceolate ...° +s. as ve ds .. (11) palustris.

Panicles dense, their feinthes virgate ; corolla-

lobes usually erose ; leaves lanceolate ... .. (12) Krebsii.

Section 5. Procanpra. Calyx 5-sect ; corolla-tube very short ;_ limb

large campanulate ; anthers distinctly spirally twisted ; ovary acute ; ‘capsule

pointed.

Primary acaharpaaii short, never over st in., : ee

much shorter.. pit “ai ‘ . (13) humilis.

Primary -opeetel long, never under 3 7; usally

longer... ; : : . (14) purpurascens.

Section 6. Hrprocntron. Calyx 5-sect ; corolla-tube cylindric, narrowed

under the limb ; anthers straight or rarely distinctly spirally twisted ; ovary

acute ; capsule pointed.

Leaf-bases rounded or cordate :

Stems erect, strongly angular ;_ branches ascending ;

pad longer than ao anthers _—

. (15) Peglere.

Stems decumbent, terete ; S nolice ce enlpe

‘not longer than corolla-tube ; anthers straight (16) peduncularis.

Leaf-bases cuneate :

Stems erect ; leaf-margins not scabridulous :

Stems simple or sparingly virgately —

above ; leaves and flowers large x .. (17) jasminoides.

Stems foc ga diffusely branched ; leaves and eae

Leaves 4 in. long or less, not more than twice

as long as broad a ie fs .. (18) serpyllifolia.

Leaves 3 in. long or longer, at least four times

as long as broad :

Corolla-lobes scnte “LE GO) Bae.

Corolla-lobes obtuse... es) ts .. (20) floribunda.

Stems below decumbent and rooting at the nodes ;

reiiagoh a ye red ae a reatgce tae corolla-

lobes acute.. ns i ed 1D maritima.

Section 7. Ixocutroy. Calyx 5-fid, viscid ; corolla-tube cylindric, uniform ;

anthers straight ; ovary acute ; capsule viscid, pointed.

Stems erect ; leaves cuneate at the base :

Calyx not longer than the corolla-tube, its lobes

narrow, acute or acuminate :

Leaves jandular-scabridulous especially near the

peRocraipe re os. Sh ae .. (22) scabrida.

Leaves not glandular-scabridulous ...—--. .. (23) tabularis.

Calyx longer than the pageieabe “its lobes pera

foliaceous ‘ sev (24) seege>:

Stems decumbent or shen very a ; leaves

cordate at the base ; age enamel ee Se

tube, its lobes marrow, 8 ante (25) me!

wee aoe wee

Chironia. | GENTIANE (Hill and Prain). 1099

1. C. baccifera (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 190); stem distinctly angled,

leafy, much-branched, }-3 ft. long; branches divaricate; leaves

linear, acute, $—} in. or (elongata form) 1 in. long, }—} lin. wide ;

flowers solitary or 2-3, terminal, with peduncles 1—3 or (elongata

form) 1-1} in. long; calyx 24 lin. long, divided three-fourths ;

lobes ovate, subacute or acute ; corolla-tube cylindric, rather longer

than calyx ; limb narrow ; lobes obovate-oblong, obtuse, 2$—3 lin.

long, 2 lin. wide ; anthers straight ; ovary subglobose, 2 lin. long ;

fruit baccate. Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 273; Lam. Encycl. Meth. i. 736 ;

Gertn. f. Fruct. ii. 156, t. 114, fig. 3; Thunb. Prodr. 35, in Trans.

Linn. Soc. vii. 253 and Flor. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 107; Willd. Sp. Pl. i.

1070; Pers. Syn. i. 282; Curt. Bot. Mag. t. 233; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed.

2,i1.7; R. Br. Prodr. 451; Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. iv. 203 ;

Burch. Trav. i. 15, 31,59; Cham. in Linnea, vi. 345; E. Meyer, Comm.

180; Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 105 and in DC. Prodr. ix. 41; Gilg

in Ann. Nat. Hist. Hofmus. Wien, xv. 65 and in Engl. und Prantl,

Pflanzenfam. iv. 2, 78; Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beth. xiv. 188,

t. 16, fig. 1. CO. baceifera, var. elongata, E. Meyer, Comm. 180.

Nachtr. 211. Reslinia tetragona, Moench, Meth. Suppl. 212.

Roslinia baccifera, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 203.

Var. 8, grandiflora (Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gen. 105); leaves narrow-linear,

4-4 in. long, 4-3 lin. wide; calyx-lobes obtuse or subacute ; corolla-lobes elliptic-

oblong, subacute or obtuse, 5 lin. long, 24 lin. wide. Griseb. in DC. Prodr.

ix. 41,

Var.y, Burchellii (Prain in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 292); leaves narrow-oblong,

obtuse or subacute, reflexed, 4-4 in. long, 14 lin. wide; calyx-lobes obtuse.

C. baceifera, var, dilatata, Schoch in Bot, Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 189 partly, hardly of

E. Meyer.

Var. 6, dilatata (E. Meyer, Comm. 180); leaves subspathulate-oblong, obtuse,

#+1 in. long, 2-3 lin. wide ; calyx-lobes obtuse, @riseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 41;

Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beth. xiv. 189, mainly.

Soutn Arrica: without locality ; Oldenland! Oldenburg! Burmann! Commer-

son! Banks and Solander! Forster! Masson! Spielhaus! Hunnemann (Herb.

Willdenow, 4506)! Hesse! Brogniart! Niven, 12! Bowie, 2! Sieber, 187!

Ludwig! Harvey! Thom, 285! Pappe! Rehmann, 1970! Elliott! Kay, 3779!

and cultivated specimens! Var. B: Thom! Var. y: Osbeck! Harvey, 607! and

cultivated specimens !

Coast Recton: Clanwilliam Div. ; Belle Fontein, Lange Valley, Wallich!

Malmesbury Div. ; near Hopefield, Bachmann, 989! 1808! Tulbagh Div.; New

Kloof, 1000-2000 ft., Drége! Tulbagh Waterfall, Ludwig! Mitchells Pass,

between Tulbagh and Ceres, Wyley ! Worcester Div. ; Hex River Valley, 1600 ft.,

Tyson, 759! near Worcester, Rehmann, 2492! Paarl Div. ; Paarl, Prior! Cape

Div. ; various localities, Sparrman! Thunberg! Osbeck! Sonnerat! Wahlberg!

Spielhaus! Grondahl! Gaudichaud! Bergius! Lalande! Burchell, 241! 774!

Bojer! Ecklon, 31! 79! 650! 652! Scholl! Verreaux, 687! Lehmann!

Jameson! Jelinek, 18! Prior! Milne, 182! Bunbury! Rehmann, 760! 1974!

Wright! Mrs. Elliott, 54! 93! Penther, 2012! Wilms, 471! 3471! Kuntze!

Bolus, 3378! Wolley Dod, 681! Schlechter, 16! Brown! Barnard Fuller |

Stellenbosch Div, ; Hottentots Holland, Verreaux! Riversdale Div. ; without

precise locality, Rust, 435! Oudtshoorn Div. ; Cango, 2100 ft., Bolus, 12158!

_ Mossel Bay Div.; Mossel Bay, Fraser! Great Brak River, Schlechter, 5755 !

_ Knysna Div. ; Viugt Valley, Bolus, 2395! Keurboom River, Penther, 2015!

1100 GENTIANE (Hill and Prain). [ Chironia.

Knysna, Miss Newdegate! and without precise locality, Castelnau, 582! Uiten-

hage Div. ; Loeri River, Penther, 2025! Port Elizabeth Div. ; near Port

Elizabeth, £.8.C.A. Herb. 217 ! Bathurst Div. ; near Port Alfred, 50 ft., Galpin,

286! Albany Div. ; Grahamstown Flats, Scott-Elliot, 854! Var. B: Uitenhage

Div.; near the Zwartkops River, Drége! Zeyher, 252! Keklon, 651! Port

Elizabeth Div. ; Algoa Bay, Prior! near Port Elizabeth, Mrs. Holland, 47! Miss

West, 31! Var. y: Clanwilliam Div. ; Alexanders Kloof, Wallich! Tulbagh

Div. ; New Kloof, Drége! Worcester Div. ; Bains Kloof, Wawra, 56! Paarl Div. ;

Paarl Mountain, Drége, 1895! Cape Div. ; near Cape Town, Osbeck | Thunberg !

Banks! Wallich | Krauss! Rehmann, 1975! Ecklon! Simons Bay, MacGillivray,

620! Simons Town, Wolley Dod, 680! Riversdale Div. ; Gouritz River, Penther,

2013! and without precise locality, Rust, 261! George Div. ; Montague Pass,

1000 ft., Marloth, 2799! Uitenhage Div. ; near Uitenhage, Zeyher! Bathurst

Diy. ; mouth of the Great Fish River, Burchell, 3739! Port Alfred, Haagner, 74!

Albany Div. ; Assegai Bush, Bawr, 1028! Fish River Heights, Hutton! Var. 6:

East London Div. ; East London, Kuntze! Komgha Div. ; sea-shore near mouth

of Kei River, Flanagan, 1146! ;

Centra Recion: Aberdeen Div.; Camdeboo Berg, 4000-5000 ft. (elongata

form), Drége !

Eastern Recion: Var. y: Transkei; near Gekau (Geua) River, below 1000 ft.,

Drége! Var. 8: Kaffraria; néar coast, Drege, 4925! Transkei; Kentani, Miss

Pegler, 373! Pondoland ; without precise locality, Bachmann, 450! Natal; near

Durban, Gerrard, 529! 698! Grant! Sanderson, 2010! Wood, 54! 857! 6371!

An example of typical C. baccifera in Herb. Delessert collected by Lemue is

noted as being from near Takoon in Bechuanaland. No other specimen of C. baccifera

appears to have been met with in the Kalahari Region ; this locality is therefore

for the present doubtful, The same remark applies to a specimen of C. baccifera,

var. dilatata in Herb. Kew collected by Cooper (2763) and said to be from

the Orange River Colony ; this is a still more doubtful locality.

A rather variable species. Bowie terms it the ‘‘ Tooth-ache Berry.”

leafy, 1-3} ft. long; branches diffuse ; leaves linear to lanceolate,

subacute or acute, 4—} in. long, 1-1} lin. wide ; flowers solitary,

terminal, their peduncles }—1} in. long; calyx 4 lin. long, divided

three-fourths ; lobes wide-ovate, subacute or acute, slightly spreading ;

corolla-tube narrow-campanulate, shorter than calyx ; lobes obovate

or suborbicular, usually minutely apiculate, 4 lin. long, 33-4 lin.

wide ; anthers straight; ovary wide-ovate, obtuse, 3 lin. long.

Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beth. xiv. 218, t. 15, fig. 10.

Var. 8, mediocris (Prain in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 349) ; leaves narrow-oblong,

obtuse or subacute, 2-3 lin. wide ; flowers rather larger ; corolla-lobes obtuse or

retuse, never apiculate, 5 lin. long, 44-5 lin. wide. C. arenaria, Griseb. in DC

Prodr. ix. 40, hardly of E. Meyer. C. mediocris, Schoch in Bull. Herb. Boiss.

2™¢ sér. ii. 1011, and in_Bot. Centralbl. Beth. xiv. 207.

Coast Recion : Clanwilliam Div. ; Berg Valley, Niven, 11! between Pikeniers

Kloof and Marcus Kraal, 1000-2000 ft. (mixed with var. 8), Drége, 3058 ! Alex-

Chironia. | GENTIANE& (Hill and Prain). 1101

8. C. Schinzii (Schoch in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér. ii. 1012) ;

stems angled, leaty, $—} ft. long; branches diffuse ; leaves wide-

linear or narrow-elliptic, obtuse or subacute, 2-3 in. long, 1-1}

lin. wide ; flowers solitary, terminal ; peduncles $ in. long; calyx

2} lin. long, divided half-way ; lobes ovate-lanceolate, acute, slightly

spreading ; corolla-tube narrow-campanulate, as long as or slightly

longer than the calyx ; lobes elliptic-lanceolate, subacute or obtuse,

4 lin. long, 1} lin. wide ; anthers straight ; ovary ovoid, obtuse,

3 lin. long. Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 199.

Coast Recion: Malmesbury Div. ; near Hopefield, Bachmann, 990 !

Only known from a single gathering ; most nearly allied to C. arenaria, of

which it has somewhat the habit and appearance, but from which it differs in

having shorter calyx-segments, a longer corolla-tube with narrower corolla-lobes

and a narrower ovary.

4. C. emarginata (Jaroscz, Pl. Nov. Cap. 11); stem slightly angled,

usually branching upwards, leafy, $—-1 ft. long; branches rather

straight ; leaves narrow-linear or subulate, }—} in. long, 4—} lin.

wide ; flowers 2-3 or solitary, terminal; peduncles }-2 in. long; calyx

4—5 lin. long, divided half-way; lobes wide-triangular, obtuse or

subacute or acute, the outer subauriculately overlapping at the

base ; corolla-tube narrow-campanulate, shorter than the calyx;

lobes oblong or ovate, retuse, 54-8 lin. long, 3-4 lin. wide ; anthers

straight ; ovary ovoid, obtuse, 3 lin. long. : linoides, Berg. Deser.

Pl. Cap. 43 (excel. syn.) ; Burch. Trav. i. 56 (Rondebosch specimens) ;

Griseb. Gen..et Sp. Gent. 104 (as to C. uniflora, Eckl. only) ; not of

Linn. C. linoides, var., Lam. Encyel. Meth. i. 736 partly. C. linoides,

Cham. & Schlecht. in Linnea, i. 190 (as to C. emarginata, Jaroscz,

only) ; not of Berg. C. vulgaris, var. lychnoides, Cham. in Linnea,

vi. 343. OC. uniflora, Eckl. ea Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 105; not of Lum.

C. baccifera, Zeyh. ex Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 41; not of Linn.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Grubb in Herb. P. J. Bergius! and cultivated

specimen |

Coast Rraron: Piquetberg Div. ; Elands Berg, Wallich! Malmesbury Div. ;

near Hopefield, Bachmann, 991! 992! Tulbagh Div. ; Mitchells Pass between

Tulbagh and Ceres, Wyley! Cape Div. ; Cape Flats, Oldenland! Burmann |

Thunberg ! Nelson! Banks and Solander! Mrs. Elliott, 551 Scholl! Ecklon, 75!

348! 645 mainly! Pappe! Zeyher, 1197 mainly! Wallich, 162! Harvey, 214!

609! Reeves! Lehmann! Schulze, 39! Miss Cole! Rehmann! Wolley Dod, 351!

681! Schlechter, 27! near Rondebosch, Burchell, 157! 720! Wallich, 405!

at the base of Muizen Berg, 100 ft., Bolus, 3369! Simons Bay, Prior! Caledon

Div. ; near Genadendal, Boental! Swellendam and George Div. ; without precise

localities, Bowie, 1!

Closely allied to C. gracilis, but readily distinguished by its subauriculately

_ Overlapping calyx-lobes. As in the somewhat parallel case of C. tetragona and

C. tabularis, the question whether the differences exhibited by the calyces of

_ these respective forms entitle them to specific rank is one that can only be

answered by field-workers in South Africa. ae ke oo

1102 GENTIANEA (Hill and Prain). | Chironia.

of Michx) ; stems slightly angled, usually branching upwards, leafy,

4-2 ft.; branches rather straight ; leaves narrow-linear or subulate,

1-14 in. long, 4-} lin. wide ; flowers 2-3 or solitary, terminal, with

peduncles }—1 in. long; calyx 4-5 lin. long, divided two-thirds to

three-fourths ; lobes lanceolate or narrow-oblong, obtuse or acute,

not subauriculate at base, often at length subpatent ; corolla-tube

narrow-campanulate, shorter than calyx ; lobes oblong or ovate,

obtuse or subacute, 4-6 lin. long, 3-34 lin. wide ; anthers straight ;

ovary ovoid, obtuse, 3 lin. long. C. linoides, Thunb. Prodr.

Pl. Cap. 35, in Trans. Linn. Soc. vii. 252, and Flor. Cap. ed. 2,

ii, 108; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1070; Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 282 (exel.

syn. Breyn.); Burch. Trav. i. 19 (Cape Flats loc. only) ; E. Meyer,

Comm. 179 (Elands Kloof loc. only); Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent.

104 and in DO. Prodr. ix. 41 (eael. syn. C. uniflora, Eckl.) ;

Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beith. xiv. 202, t. 16, fig. 4 (emel. syn.

C. herbacea and C. uniflora and many cit.) ; not of Linn. C.

linoides, var., Lam. Encycl. Meth. i. 736 partly. C. linoides, vur.

subulata, E. Meyer, Comm. 180; Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beth.

xiv. 203 (eacl. syn. var. Zeyheri). C. lychnoides, Cham. & Schlecht.

in Linnea, i. 190 (eacl. syn. C. emarginata); not of Berg. OC.

—° var. intermedia, Cham. in Linneea, vi. 343 ; not C. intermedia,

erat,

Var. 8, macrocalyx (Prain in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 294); much-brauched

from the base; leaves linear, acuminate, 1-1} in. long, 1 lin. wide ; flowers

usually solitary ; peduncles 1-14 in. long ; calyx 6 lin. long, divided halfway ;

lobes wide-triangular ; corolla-lobes oblong, obtuse or retuse, 9 lin. long, 4-5 lin.

wide. (. lychnoides, Thunb. Prodr. 35, in Trans. Linn. Soe. vii. 252, and FI.

Cup. ed. 2, ii. 108 (as to sheet 8 in herb. propr. only) ; not of Berg.

Sour Arrica: without locality, Sparrman! Osbeck ! Burmann ! Krauss, 458 !

Lehmann! Thom! Reynaud! Belanger! Var. B : cultivated specimen !

Coast Recion: Van Rhynsdorp Div. ; Wind Hoek, Niven! Tulbagh Div. ;

New Kloof, Zeyher! Tulbagh Kloof, Hcklon! Elands Kloof, 1000-1500 it.,

-Drége, 1894! Worcester Div.; near Dutoits Kloof, 1500-2000 ft., Drége! near

Vogel Valley, Ecklon! mountains near Worcester, Rehmann, 2491! Cape Div.;—

Cape Flats, Banks and Solander! Roxburgh! Halfer| Wallich! Bunbury !

Bergius! Burchell, 76! Ecklon, 642! Zeyher, 237! 1197 partly! Tiger Berg,

Niven! Table Mountain, Ecklon, 40! Devils Mountain, Bunbury! Caledon

Div.; Zwart Berg, Zeyher, 3424! near Caledon, Pappe! hills near Grabouw,

1000 ft., Bolus, 4180! Miss Kensit in Herb. Bolus, 10482! between Brand Vlei

and Villiersdorp, Bolus, 12997! Steenbrass River, 1150 ft., Marloth, 2848!

Swellendam Div. ; without precise locality, Thunberg! Ludwig! Riversdale Div. ;

near Garcias Pass, Burchell, 7147! Var. 8: Cape Div. ; Cape Flats, Sonnerat |

Wallich! Hooker, 607! Ecklon, 644! Lalande! Constantia, Mrs. Jameson |

Simons Bay, MacGillivray, 619! Milne, 214! Harvey! Wright! Stellenbosch

Div.; hills near Hottentots Holland, Thunberg! Krauss! Knysna Div. ; salt

marshes and moist plains, Bowie, 5! Plettenbergs Bay, Bowie!

In addition to the specimens recorded there is in Herb. Delessert a specimen of

typical C. gracilis collected by Verreaux and marked ‘‘ Eutnage,” and in Herb.

Vienna another marked ‘‘ Port Natal, Poeppig.” In the absence of further —

material it is safer, for the present, to leave Uitenhage and Natal as doubtful 2 —

localities. The form here treated as var. macrocalyx is outwardly very

and is readily recognisable. As regards calyx it is intermediate

Chironia. | GENTIANEA (Hill and Prain). 1103

C. gracilis and C. emarginata, but the lobes do not overlap at the base as in

C. emarginata. The characters of var. macrocalyx suggest that it may be a hybrid

between C. emarginata and C. gracilis, rather than an intermediate form.

Within C. gracilis proper two distinct forms may be recognised. Of these

one has shorter broader calyx-lobes not overlapping at the base; this form was

included in C. linoides by Meyer and constitutes typical C’. linoides, Schoch, not

of Linn. ; the other has long, narrow corolla-lobes and is C. linoides, Thunb., not

of Linn. and not of Berg., also C. linoides, var. subulata, E. Meyer and Schoch.

Both forms are included in C. vulgaris, var. intermedia, Cham., and in C. linoides,

Griseb., not of Linn., whose limitation is here adopted. In Niven’s Tiger Berg

plant and in Burchell 7147 the calyx-lobes are long as in the second form, but

broad as in the first.

6. C. Zeyheri (Prain in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 295) ; stems slightly

angled, branched upwards, leafy, 1-14 ft. long; leaves narrowly

elliptic-spathulate, obtuse or subacute, 14-2 in. long, 3 lin. wide ;

flowers solitary or in 3-flowered terminal cymes; peduncles }—3

in. long; calyx 3 lin. long, divided half-way ; lobes ovate, obtuse,

mucronulate ; corolla-tube narrow-campanulate, shorter than the

calyx; lobes elliptic, obtuse, 5 lin. long, 3 lin. wide; anthers

straight ; ovary ovoid, obtuse, 3 lin. long.

Var. 8, angustifolia (Prain |.c.); leaves narrowly lanceolate-spathulate, 14 lin.

wide ; calyx-lobes ovate-lanceolate, obtuse. C. linoides, E. Meyer, Comm. 179

(Wupperthal loc. only); not of Linn.

Coast Reeion: Clanwilliam Div.; Companies Drift, Berg River Valley,

Zeyher, 1198! Var. 8: Clanwilliam Div. ; Wupperthal, 1800 ft., Drége! by the

Olifants River and near Brakfontein, Zcklon! marshy soil and along river-banks

near Clanwilliam, Leipoldt, 360!

A very distinct species. Ecklon’s and Leipoldt’s specimens are almost inter-

mediate between the extremely broad-leaved form collected by Zeyher on which

the species is based, and the very narrow-leaved form issued by E. Meyer as

C. linoides, This species, unlike the other species of the section, dries black.

7. C. linoides (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 189); stems slightly angled,

much-branched upwards, leafy, 2-3 ft. long; branches spreading,

3-10 in. long; leaves linear or narrow-lanceolate, acuminate, 1-1}

in. long, 1-14 lin. wide; flowers usually 2-5 towards ends of

branches on alternate peduncles, or solitary; peduncles $—1} in.

long; calyx 3 lin. long, divided half-way ; lobes ovate-lanceolate,

acute, with paler submembranous margins; corolla-tube narrow-

campanulate, as long as calyx ; lobes elliptic, obtuse, 5 lin. long,

3 lin. wide ; anthers straight or slightly spiral ; ovary ovoid, obtuse,

24 lin. long. Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 272; Lam. Encycl. Meth. i. 736 ;

Moench, Meth. Suppl. 163 (eael. syn. Berg.) ; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1070

(excl. syn. Berg. and syn. Thunb.) ; Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 511; Ait.

Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 7; R. Br. Prodr. i. 451; Burch. Trav. i, 15;

Drapiez, Herb. Amat. Fl. vi. 429, with plate; Cham. & Schlecht. in

Linnea, i. 191; E. Meyer, Comm. 179 (ewel. loc. Elands Kloof and

loc. Wupperthal). CC. lychnoides, Berg. Descr. Pl. Cap. 45; Thunb.

_ Prodr. 35, in Trans. Linn. Soc. vii. 252 mainly ; Burch. Trav. i. 19, 56.

1104 GENTIANEA (Hill and Prain), [Chironia,

var. longifolia, Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 104 and in DO. Prodr. ix. 41.

C. iuifera, Hort. ex Garden, 1893, 213 and 1899, 265; Kew Handlist

Tend.. Dicot. 167. C. Ecklonii, Schoch in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™¢ sér.

it. 1013, and in Bot. Centralbl. Beth. xiv. 212.

South Arrica : without locality ; Grubs in Herb. P. J. Bergius! Wendland

(Herb. Wilidenow, 4505)! and cultivated specimens !

Coast Recton: Clanwilliam Div.; Lamberts or Alexanders Kloof, Wallich!

near Kzelsbank, Cedarberg Range, Drége! Malmesbury Div. ; Zwartland, Wallich |

Nashkraal Hoek, near Hopefield, Bachmann, 993! Worcester Div.; Bains Kloof,

Wawra. 17 | Hex River Valley, 1500 ft., Tyson, 7531 Cape Div.; Flats and hills

near and around Capetown, Sparrmant Oldenland! Osbeck! Burmann!

Brogniart ! Sonnerat! Banks and Solander! Masson! Wallich! Burchell, 461 730!

Gaudichaud { Mund and Maire! Niven! Harvey, 404! 665! Lehmann! Bun-

bury! Pappe! Cooper, 2808! Boos! Scholl! Rehmann, 1971! Bolus, 2877!

Ecklon, 31! 64! Bergius\ Drége! Zeyher! Wolley Dod, 8031 Schlechter, 179!

2791! Stellenbosch Div. ; summit of Hottentots Holland mountains, Zhunderg!

Riversdale Div.; near Kaffirkuils River, Drége, 2242! George Div.; with-

out precise locality, Bowie, 15! Verreaux! Knysna Div.; near Knysna,

Pappe!

In Herb. Delessert there is a specimen of C. linoides, collected by Verreaux,

and noted by himself as being from ‘‘Eutnage.” No other collector has met

with the species in the Uitenhage Div. ; the locality must therefore be cousidered

doubtful. In Herb. Dublin there is another specimen of C.. linoides, collected

by Wyley (82), aad noted by himself as being from ‘“ Namaqualand;” this

locality, for the same reason, must also be considered doubtful.

A distinct, easily recognised and unusually uniform species ; the statements

to the contrary have arisen from the attempts to treat C. gracilis, C. emarginata

and C. Zeyhert as forms or varieties of C. linoides. -

8. C. Bansei (Prain in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 295); stems slightly

angled, branched upwards, leafy, 1 ft. long (only part of stem seen) ;

branches mostly alternate, rather straight, 3-6 in. long; leaves

lanceolate, acute, 14-1? in. long, 24-3 lin. wide ; flowers 2-5 towards

ends of branches on alternate peduncles, or solitary terminal, with

peduncles {-13 in. long, slightly puberulous towards apex; calyx 6

lin. long, divided four-fifths; lobes oblong, acute or subacute,

unkeeled ; the short tube faintly puberulous ; corolla-tube cylindric

as long as the calyx ; limb narrowed ; lobes elliptic, obtuse, 8-9 lin.

long, 6-7 lin. wide ; anthers faintly spiral ; ovary ovoid, subacute,

4 lin, long.

Sour Arrica : without locality ; cultivated specimen !

No spontaneous example of this remarkable form has been met with in any

collection. The only specimen seen was collected by Banse in the Berlin Botanic

Garden, where it was grown as C’. barclayana and believed to be from the Cape.

i — aha to some extent a combination of are nee with ey C. ae

whereof, thoug’ in all its parts, it has the genera ies, and in Orphiw

of whioh i has the corolla and with ae it agrees in having uukeeled

_ ¢alyx-lobes. The pubescence which, however, is very alight, is like that, met with

in Orphium, ere is no trace of the intracalycine disk characteristic of that

of that

Chironia. | GENTIANEA (Hill and Prain). 1105

9. C. rosacea (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 104); stems terete,

generally branching upwards, leafy throughout, 1}-3 ft. long;

radical leaves vanishing, cauline in 6—8 remote pairs, ovate-lanceolate,

acute, base cuneate, 2-4 in. long, 9-12 lin. wide; flowers in lax

terminal panicles with branches 14-2 in. and peduncles 1-2) in.

long, spreading ; calyx 24-3 lin. long, divided half-way ; lobes ovate,

acuminate ; corolla-tube cylindric rather longer than calyx ; lobes

ovate, obtuse to ovate-lanceolate, acute, entire, 9-10 lin. long,

3-4 (rarely 5) lin. wide; anthers slightly spiral ; ovary oblong,

acute, 34 lin. long. Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beth. xiv. 229 (as to

Natal plant only). C. maxima, Schoch in Bull. Herb. Boiss, 2”° sér.

ii: 1014 and in Bot. Centralbl. Beth. xiv. 220. C. peduneularis,

Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 805, not of Lindl.

Eastern Recron: Griqualand East; Clydesdale, Schlechter, 6618 partly |

Pondoland ; swampy stream-banks near Sangmeister, Bachmann, 1038! Natal,

in swampy places; near Durban, Sanderson, 39! near the coast, Wood, 983 !

Nonoti, 500 ft., Wood! near the Tugela River, 500 ft., Wood, 3950! near

Pheenix, 250 ft., Schlechter, 3151! 3154! Zululand ; Inyezaan, below 1600 ft.,

Wylie in Herb. Wood, 596! 5948! 5928! Umlalaas, below 1000 ft., Wylie in

Herb. Wood, 8453! and without precise locality, Mrs. McKenzie! Gerrard, 1475 !

Gerrard’s 1475 in Herb. Kew serves as a connecting link between this species,

of which it has the broad leaves, and C. transvaalensis, of which it has the long

calyx-lobes. (. maxima, Schoch, is based on a specimen which has, on the other

hand, the calyx-lobes rather shorter than usual, but does not otherwise differ

from normal (@. rosacea; it is to this last form that Gerrard 1475 in Herb.

. Dublin belongs.

10. C. transvaalensis (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 106) ; stems

terete, simple or sparingly branched, leafy throughout, 1-2} ft. long ;

leaves few, radical, subrosulate, obovate-spathulate, obtuse or sub-

acute, gradually narrowed to the base, }-1} in. long, 2-4 lin. wide,

soon vanishing ; cauline in 4-8 remote pairs, lanceolate, acute, |—3

in. long, 1-3 lin. wide ; flowers in lax terminal panicles with branches

1-2 in. and peduncles $-24 in. long, spreading ; calyx 3-34 lin.

long, divided two-thirds ; lobes ovate-lanceolate, acuminate ; corolla-

tube cylindric, as long as the calyx ; lobes ovate-lanceolate, acute,

entire, 6—8 lin. long, 24-34 lin. wide ; anthers slightly spiral ; ovary

oblong, acute, 34 lin. long. Baker & N.E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Afr. iv. i. 555, 627; Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beth. xiv. 227;

Thonn. Blitenpfl. Afr. t. 129. 0. palustris, Gilg in Warb. Kunene-

Samb. Eaped. 334, not of Burch.

Katanant Reaion: Orange River Colony ; Sanddrift Spruit, Burke, 298 in

Herb. Brit. Museum! Transvaal; Magaliesberg Range, Burke! Zeyher, 1196!

Crocodile River, Burke, 883! Zeyher! Johannesburg and vicinity, Ommanney,

72! Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6232! D’Estourgies | Pilgrims Rest, @reenstocl: !

near Pretoria, 4000 ft., McLea in Herb. Bolus, 3101! Burtt Dary, 813! Fehr!

Wonderboom Poort, Rehmann, 4526! Miss Leendertz, 450! Bronkhorst Spruit,

near Middelburg, Wilms, 9742! near Lydenburg, Wilms, 974! river side at

Highland Creek, Barberton, 2700 ft., Galpin, 779! Modderfontein, Conrath !

Daspoort, Miss Leendertz! near Pietersburg, 4000 ft., Bolus, 10864! Mazol,

--- VOL. IV.—SECT. 1.—PART VI. eS

1106 GENTIANE® (Hill and Prain). [ Chiron.

Eastern REGION: Swaziland ; Vlei near Oshoek, Burtt Davy, 2845 !

Also in Tropical Africa.

Closely allied to C. rosacea, Gilg, and perhaps only a form of that species, but

readily distinguished by its narrower leaves and longer calyx-lobes.

11. C. palustris (Burch. Trav. ii. 226); stems terete, scapiform,

1~2 ft. long ; leaves mostly radical, subrosulate, obovate-spathulate,

obtuse or subacute, gradually narrowed to the base, 14—24 in. long,

6—9 lin, wide, persisting ; cauline in 1-2 remote pairs, oblanceolate,

acute or obtuse, }—2 in. long, 2-4 lin. wide ; flowers in lax terminal

panicles with branches 2-3 in. and peduncles $—2 in. long, spreading ;

calyx 3-4 lin. long, divided half-way ; lobes linear-lanceolate,

acuminate ; corolla-tube cylindric, as long as the calyx; lobes

elliptic, obtuse or subacute, usually entire, 6—8 lin. long, 3-4 lin.

wide ; anthers distinctly spiral; ovary oblong, acute, 35 lin. long.

Engl. Jahrb, x. 243; Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 106 and in Ann.

Nat. Hist. Hofmus. Wien, xv. 66. C. palustris, var, radicata, Schoch

in Bot. Centralbl. Beth, xiv, 234. Plocandra albens, var. radicata,

LE, Meyer, Comm, 182. P. palustris, Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 43

(eaxel. syn. Chironia Krebsii).

Van. foliata (Prain) ; radical leaves oblanceolate, 2-5 in. long, 4-6 lin. wide ;

cauline lanceolate, acute, 14-24 in, long, 2~3 lin. wide ; panicle branches 1-3 in.

Jong ; peduncles 4-3 in. long. C. galustris, Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 7101;

Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beth. xiv. 233; hardly of Burch, Plocandra albens,

E. Meyer, Comm, 182. P. palustris, var, foliata, Griseb. in DO. Prodr, ix. 43.

Sours Arnica: without locality, Zeyher, 1194! dolub, 251! 4252! 5582!

Var. 8, Mrs. Barter, 19!

Coast Rxecioy: Queenstown Div.; summit of Shepstone Berg, 5800 ft.,

Galpin, 1920! Kaftraria, Fraser! Var. B: Cape Div, ; neighbourhood of Cape-

town, Castelnau, 487! Bathurst Div.; banks of and near the Kowie River,

Zeyher! Albany Div. ; without precise locality, J/iss Bowker | King Williamstown

Div. ; between Yellowwood (Kachu) River and Zandplaats, 1500-2000 ft., Drege,

4922! East London Div. ; near East London, grassy slopes by sea-shore, Watson !

Galpin, 7345! Komgha Div.; near the mouth of the Kei River, 200 ft.,

Flanagan, 1207 ! j

Centrat Rectox: Wodehouse Diy. ; near Mooi Plaats, Drége !

Katananr Recon: Griqualand West ; Griqua Town, Burchell, 1925! Orange

River Colony ; Sanddrift Spruit, Burke, 298! near Harrismith, Wood, 4763!

Bethlehem, Richardson | and without precise locality, Cooper, 987 | Bechuanaland ;

near the sources of the Kuruman River, Burchell, 2510! Marloth, 1050! Trans-

vaal; between Trigardsfontein and Standerton, Rehmann, 6748! near Wilge

River, 4600 ft., Schlechter, 4127 ! and without precise locality, Sanderson !

Eastern Rucion: Transkei; marshes near Ibeka, 2500 ft., Schlechter, 6255!

Griqualand East ; marshes near Kokstad, 4300-5000 ft., Tyson, 1676! and in

MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1291! Kumbu, Krook, 2029! Natal;

Camperdown, 2000 ft., Wood, 463! Haygarth in Herb. Wood, 1958! near

Glencoe, 4000-5000 ft., Wood, 5124! near Ladysmith, Gerrard, 670! and

without precise locality, Gerrard, 780! MacOwan! Var. 8: Tembuland ; moist

places near Bazeia, 2000 ft., Baur, 451! Transkei; swampy ground near

Kentani, Miss Pegler, 305! ane

In var. 8 are found combined the foliage of C Kvatied and the floral characters _ ;

of typical C, palustris, Le

Chironia.| GENTIANEA (Hill and Prain). 1107

12. C. Krebsii (Griseb, Gen. et Sp. Gent. 98); stems terete,

seapiform, 13-3 ft. long; leaves mostly radical, subrosulate,

oblanceolate, obtuse or subacute, gradually narrowed to the base,

4—10 in. long, 4-7 lin. wide, persisting ; cauline in 1—3 remote pairs,

lanceolate, acute, 2-4 in. long, 2}—4 lin, wide; flowers in dense

terminal panicles with branches }—1} in, and peduncles }—} in.

long, fastigiate ; calyx 4 lin. long, divided half-way ; lobes linear-

lanceolate, acuminate ; corolla-tube cylindric, as long as the calyx ;

lobes lanceolate, acute, usually somewhat erose, 5 lin. long, 14-1?

lin. wide; anthers distinctly spiral; ovary oblong, acute, 34 lin.

long. Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 106, and in Ann. Nat. Hist. Hofnus.

Wien, xv. 66; Baker d& N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i.

Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. CO. 314; Gilg in Engl. und Prantl, Phanzenfam.

iv, 2, 77; Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 224, t. 16, fig. 6.

C. palustris, Knobl. in Bot. Centralbl. 1x. 329 partly, not of Burch.

Souty Arrica ; without locality, Avebs !

Coast REe1on; Uitenhage Div. ; Great Winterhoek mountains, Zeyher! and

without precise locality, Pappe! Bedford Div.; near Bedford, Mrs, Hutton !

Bennie! Stockenstrom Div. ; marshy ground on Lushington mountain, Scully,

165! Katberg, Hutton! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 390 !

CrnTraL Recion: Somerset Div. ; marshy ground, Glenavon, Scott Liliot, 666

(626)! Bosch Berg, 4700 ft., MacOwan, 1233! 1656! Queenstown Diy. ;

Winterberg Range, Mrs. Barber, 529!

Katanart Recton, in marshy ground, 4000-6000 ft. : Orange River Colony ;

near Harrismith, Swnkey, 174! Transvaal; Umlomati Valley, near Barberton,

Galpin, 1131! near Brug Spruit, Schlechter, 3752! Athol, M‘Donald! Spitz

Kop Gold Mine, Wilms, 975! é

Eastern Reqion; Griqualand East; Newmarket, Krook, 2076! Natal, in

marshy ground, 1800-5000 ft.; Noodsberg, Wood, 121! 372! near Gillets,

Wood ! near Howick, Wood, 51.07 ! Newcastle, Rehmann, 7022 ! near Charlestown,

Wood, 4694! near Emangweni, 4000 ft., Thode, 68! Dargle Farm, Mrs. Fannin,

69! and without precise locality, Sanderson, 446 partly ! 5 ‘

Also in Tropical Africa.

13. C. humilis (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 105); stems slightly

angled, simple, leafy, 4-8 in. long ; leaves rather small, radical sub-

rosulate, lanceolate, acute, 4 in. long, 1 lin. wide; cauline in 3-6

remote pairs, linear, acute, in, long, } lin. wide ; flowers 3-9 in

terminal cymes with spreading branches }—1 in. long, and peduncles

very short’; calyx 5 lin. long, divided four-fifths ; lobes lanceolate,

acuminate ; corolla-tube narrow-campanulate, green, shorter than the

calyx ; lobes dark-purple, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate

or acute, 6 lin. long, 24-4 lin. wide ; anthers distinctl spiral ;

ovary oblong, acute, 3 lin. long. Sehoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beith,

xiv. 230. és :

beaded oe a lng ra leaves arowcabety 9-1 long, 23

: ranched upwards, 1-13 ft. ; radical leaves ‘ 5 Bae

Nan wane resin | in. “Hone flowers in terminal panicles, with branches

' — §-14 in. long. CL Wi sii, Gilg in Engl. Jahrb, xxvi. 105 y — Bot, —

1108 GENTIANE (Hill and Prain). [ Chironia.

Centralht. Beih. xiv. 231. C. purpurascens, Rolfe in Oates, Matabeleland, ed. 2,

404; Schoch in Bot, Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 219 partly ; not of Benth. et Hook, f.

C. humilis, Baker & N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 555, hardly of Gilg.

Kavanari Reeron: Bechuanaland ; neighbourhood of Takoon, Lemue ! Orange

Riyer Colony; Leeuw Spruit or Vredefort, Barrett-Hamilten! Transvaal ;

Magaliesberg Range and Aapies River, Burke, 124! Zeyher, 1193! Crocodile

River, Zeyher, 1195! near Mooifontein, 5500 tt., Schlechter, 3552! Johannesburg,

Mrs. de Jongh in Herb. Galpin, 1475! Var. B: Transvaal; near Pretoria,

4000 ft., MeLea in Herb. Bolus, 3100! Rehmann, 4679! Fehr! between Pretoria

and Johannesburg, Scott Elliot, 1356! near Johannesburg, Ommanney, 29! Rand !

Witwaters Rand, Mrs. Hutton, 926! Pilgrims Rest, Greenstock! Heidelberg,

Miss Leendertz. 1028! near Modderfontein, Conrath, 737! near Wilge River,

4600 ft., Schlechter, 4122! Rustenburg, 4500 ft., Miss Nation! sources of

Limpopo River, Nelson, 262! Nylstroom, Nelson, 283! between Porter and

Trigardsfontem, Rehmann, 6613! near Lydenburg, Atherstone! Bronkhorst

Spruit, Wilms, 973! Nelspruit, Zogers, 290! Gold-fields, Baines! Ermelo,

Burtt Davy, 2192! Houtbosch (Woodbush), Rehmann, 5828! 5829! 5928 !

Bolus, 11114!

Also in Tropical Africa.

The variety here recognised is considered a distinct species by Gilg and Sehoch.

It differs so little from true C. humilis, Gilg, that Baker and Brown are perhaps

justified in declining to treat it even as a variety.

14. C. purpurascens (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii, 805);

stems distinctly angled, simple or branching upwards, leafy, 13-2

ft. long ; leaves below obovate or obovate-lanceolate, 1}—2 in. long,

less often (form Bachmannii) lanceolate, 2-3 in. long, 3-6 lin. wide,

higher up lanceolate, 14 in. or (form Bachmannii) linear-lanceolate

or linear, 2-3} in. long, 14-2 lin. wide ; flowers 3-5 in terminal

cymes often forming lax panicles with branches ascending, 14-2} in.

and peduncles }—] in. long ; calyx 6-7 lin. long, divided almost to

the base; lobes linear-subulate; corolla pink or purple; tube

narrow-campanulate, shorter than the calyx; lobes lanceolate,

acute, 6-8 lin. long, 1}—2 lin. wide; filaments glandular at the

base ; anthers distinctly spiral ; ovary narrow-oblong, acute, 34 lin.

long. Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 103; Knobl. in Bot. Centraibl. Ix.

329 ; Wood, Natal PL. iii. part 4, 19, t. 288; Schoch in Bot. Centralbl.

Beth, xiv. 219. C. Bachmannii, Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 103;

Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 218. C. angolensis, Schoch in

Bot. Centralbl. Beth. xiv. 228 (as to Natal plant only); not of Gilg.

Plocandra purpurascens, E. Meyer, Comm. 182; Krauss, Beitr. Fi.

Cap. und Natal. 122; Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 44.

Var. 8, Tysonii (Prain in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 350); leaves larger, below oblong,

3-34 in. long, 9-12 lin. wide, above lanceolate, 14 in. long, 2-2} lin. wide ; flowers

on secondary cyme-branches sometimes 4-merous. (. T'ysonii, Gilg in Engl. Jahrb.

xxvi. 104; Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beth. xiv. 217.

Var. y, impedita (Prain, l.c.) ; flowers larger ; corolla-lobes ovate, acute, 10 lin.

long, 5 lin, wide. »

Eastern Recion : Pendclnd ; near Bates (long-leaved form =U. Bachmannii);

Bachmann, 1037! Griqualand East; near Clydesdale, 2500~4000 ft., Schlechter, — ee

6618! and (mixed with Bachmannti form), Tyson, 2118 in Herb. Zurich ! Zuur- =

Chironia.] GENTIANE# (Hill and Prain). 1109

berg, between Kokstad and Clydesdale, 5000 ft., 7'yson, 1161! Natal ; between

Umzimkulu River and Umkomaas River, Drége, 4923! Umlaas, Wood, 876!

near Durban, Avauss, 192! Wood, 141! Gerrard, 669! Plant (Bachmannii

form), 46! 48! Clairmont, Wood, 1154! Coastland, Sutherland! Sanderson

( Bachmannii form), 170 ! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 463 | Sanderson,

446 partly ! Zululand ; without precise locality, Mrs. McKenzie! Gerrard (Bach-

mannii form), 550! Var. 8.: Griqualand East ; near Clydesdale, 2500-4000 ft.,

Tyson, 2113 in Herb. Kew! and in MacOwan and Bolus, Herb, Austr.-Afr. 1290 !

Var. y: Natal; Ixopo, Avo0k, 2028 !

We are unable to separate C’. Bachmannii from C. purpurascens ; the two occur

in the same localities and are connected by intermediates. We retain the variety

Tysonii mainly because Dr. Gilg finds that Bolus, 1290 at Berlin, collected by Tyson,

on which C, Z'ysonii is based, has all save the primary flowers of its cymes 4-merous.

This is not the case with any specimen of this gathering in other herbaria ;

> i of the specimens, indeed, are true C. purpurascens, others are the Bachmannii

orm.

15. C. Peglere (Prain in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 297); stems

distinctly angled, much-branched, erect, 1 ft. long ; branches ascend-

ing ; leaves wide-ovate, base rounded, subacute or obtuse, 5—j in.

long, 4-5 lin. wide; flowers terminal and in the upper axils ;

peduncles 14-2 in. long; calyx 9-10 lin. long, divided almost to

the base; lobes linear-subulate; corolla-tube narrow-cylindric,

hardly as long as the calyx ; limb narrowed ; lobes ovate-lanceolate,

acuminate, 4 lin. long, 14 lin. wide ; anthers distinctly spiral ;

ovary narrow-oblong, acute, 4 lin. long.

Eastern Recion: Transkei; Kentani, in valleys at 1000 ft., Miss Pegler, 428!

A very distinct species, most closely related to C. peduncularis, from which it

is readily distinguished by the angled stems, smaller and thinner leaves, and

much smaller flowers as well as by the spirally twisted anthers. In this last

character the species agrees with those of the section Plocandra, where, however,

though the calyx is as in Hippochkiron, the corolla-tube is different, being

shorter than the calyx and widened under the limb.

16. C. peduncularis (Lindl. in Bot. Reg. xxi. t. 1803); stems

terete, leafy, much-branched, decumbent, 3-4 ft. long; branches

diffuse ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, base rounded or cordate, acuminate

or acute, 11-2} in. long, 6-9 lin. wide ; flowers 1-3 terminal and in

the upper axils; peduncles 14-3 in. long; calyx 7 lin. long,

divided almost to the base; lobes linear or lanceolate, acuminate ;

corolla-tube narrow-cylindric, rather larger than the calyx ; limb

narrowed ; lobes ovate, acute or acuminate, 9 lin. long, 5-6 lin.

wide; anthers straight ; ovary narrow-oblong, acute, 6 lin. Jong.

Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 100, and in DC. Prodr. ix. 39; Gard.

Chron. 1888, iv. 324, fig. 42; Scott and Breb. Ann. Bot. v. 277 ;

Garden, 1893, 212, t. 925; Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 7047 ; Knobl. in

Bot. Centralbl. lx. 329. C. trinervis, Hort. ex Loud. Encyel. Pl.

Suppl. ii. 1306 ; Paxt. Mag. Bot. iii. 149, with plate. C. trinervia,

Hort. ex Ann. Fl. et Pomone, 1834, 158 with plate; not of Linn.

C. barelayana, Hort. Berol, ex Griseb, Gen, et Sp. Gent. 100,

1110 GENTIANEA: (Hill and Prain). | Chironia.

C. latifolia, E. Meyer, Comm. 178; Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beth.

xiv. 221; not of Donn. Eupodia purpurea, Raf. Fl. Tellur, iii. 29.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, cultivated specimens !

Coast Recion: George and Knysna Divs. ; Outeniqualand and in Knysna

Forest, Bowie, 9! Uitenhage Div.; near Uitenhage, MacOwan, 1058! Port

Elizabeth Div.; near Port Elizabeth, Burchell, 4302! Verreaux! Drége,

2238! Prior! Zeyher, 3427! Fraser! Bolus! Miss West, 30! Algoa Bay, Cooper,

1476! Prior! marshes at Krakakamma, 500 ft., MacOwan, 1058! Alex-

andria Div.; Oliphants Hoek Forest, Zel:lon, 640! Bathurst Div. ; between

Kasuga River and Port Alfred, Burchell, 3929! at Oliphantshoek on the Bush-

mans River, Ecklon! near Port Alfred, South! Albany Div.; without precise

locality, Miss Bowker! East London Diy. ; near East London, Watson !

17. C. jasminoides (Linn. Pl. Afr. Rar. 9) ; stems faintly angular,

simple or little branched, remotely leafy, especially below, 2—3 ft.

long ; lower leaves ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, subacute or acute,

rarely ovate, subobtuse, 14-2 in. long, 4-5 lin. wide, upper

lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 14—2 in. long, 3-4 lin. wide, glaucous

when young on both sides, persistently so beneath; flowers

occasionally solitary, usually few, sometimes 9-15 in subpaniculate

terminal cymes with ascending branches 1}—2} in., and peduncles

1-14 in. long; calyx 8 lin. long, divided almost to the base ; lobes

linear-subulate, rarely linear ; corolla-tube narrow-cylindric, as long

as the calyx; limb narrowed ; lobes ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,

10-11 lin. long, 3-4 lin. wide; anthers straight; ovary narrow-

oblong,’ acute, 5 lin. long. Linn. Ameen. Acad. vi. 84; Sp. Pl. ed.

2, 272; Lam. Encyel. Meth. i. 736 and Ill. Gen. t. 108, fig. 2; Pers.

Syn. Pl. i. 282; R. Br. Prodr.i. 451. C. nudicaulis, Willd. Sp. Pl.

i. 1066, hardly of Linn. f. OC. nudicaulis, var. elongata, Eckl. ex

Cham. in Linnea, vi. 344; Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 99, and in

DC. Prodr. ix. 39. C. lychnoides, E. Meyer, Comm. 177 ; Sehoch in

Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 209, t. 15, fig. 9 (excl. syn. var. viminea) 5

not of Berg., hardly of Linn.

Var. 8, viminea (Prain in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 351); stems remotely leafy ;

leaves all linear, paler green, 14-2 in. long, 14-2 lin. wide; panicle-branches,

when present, 1-14 in. and peduncles J-4 in. long. C. lychnoides, Linn. Mantiss.

207 ; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1066 (as to descr. and excl syn. Berg. and syn. Thunb.) ;

Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 209 (as to syn, var. viminea only) ; not of

Berg. C. nudicaulis, var. viminea, Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 99 and in DC. Prodr.

ix. 39; Gilg ex Zahlbr. in Ann. Nat. Hist. Hofmus. Wien, xv. 65.

Var. y, multiflora (Prain in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 351); stems rather closely

leafy throughout ; leaves all ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 14-24 in. long,

46 lin. wide ; panicle-branches 14-24 in. and peduncles 1-1} in. long. C. cymosa,

Burm. f. Prodr, Cap. 5 (possibly), i, nudicaulis, var, multifora, Eckl. ex Schoch

in Bot. Centralbl, Beth, xiv. 210,

Var. 8, tabularis (Prain in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 351); stems rather closely —

leafy below, naked upwards ; leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, subobtuse to acute, =~

-2 in, long, 4-6 lin. wide. C. nudicaulis, Linn, f. Suppl. 151; Lam. Eneyel.

Meth. i. 737 ; Thunb. Prodr, i. 35, in Trans. Linn, Soc. vii. 249, t. 12, fig. 33

. Pl. i, 282; R. Br. Prodr. i. 451; Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. iv. 202;

| 75 Griseb, Gen, e Sp. Gent, 99 and in DC. Prodr, ix, 39

Chironia. | GENTIANE# (Hill and Prain). 1111

Schoch in Bot. Centralbl.- Beith. xiv. 200, t. 16, fig. 3. C. nudicaulis, var.

tabularis, Cham. in Linnea, vi. 344 (not C. tabularis, Page). €@. jasminoides,

Bureh, Trav. i. 46.

Sourn AFRICA: without locality, Oldenland! Burmann! Forster! Harvey!

Verreaux | Jacquin (Herb. Willdenow, 4501) !

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div.; Mosterts Berg, 2200 ft., Bolus, 5024!

Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, 2500-3500 ft., Drége, 1896! Paarl Div. ; French

Hoek, 2500 ft., Schlechter, 9262! Cape Div.; Cape Flats, Swartz! Bergius !

Sonnerat! Rouburgh! Ecklon, 175! Brown! Spielhaus! Wallich! Barnard

Fuller! Sweet Valley Flats, Wallich! south of Constantia Berg, Wolley Dod,

2097! Simons Bay, Prior! near Simons Town, Milne, 150! Smitswinkel

Stream, Wolley Dod, 2683! Swellendam Div. ; Voormans Bosch, near Swellen-

dam, Zeyher, 3429 partly! George Div. ; mountains and borders of the forest,

Bowie, 8! Var. B: Caledon Div.; Klein River Berg, Ecklon, 638 ! Zwart Berg,

Ecklon, 528! Zoetemelks Valley, Wallich! Swellendam Div.; Buffeljagts River,

Penther, 2021! River-dale Div. ; Garcias Pass, 2500 ft., Galpin, 4341! Var. y:

Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland mountains, Prior! Swellendam Div. ;

Tradouw Berg, Bowie, 7! Voormans Bosch, near Swellendam, Zeyher, 3429 partly !

Ecklon, 639! Riversdale Div.; upper part of Kampsche Berg, Burchell, 7061!

7128! Var.8: Cape Div. ; Table Mountain, 2600-3500 ft., Oldenburg! Bur-

mann! Sonnerat ! Osbeck! Thunberg | Burchell, 547! Spielhaus! Bergius! Drege,

7823! Harvey! Bolus, 4539! Rehmann, 757! Schlechter, 295! Boos! Scholl!

Penther, 2017! Knoop, 60 partly! Wynberg, Mund and Maire! Ecklon, 174.

Ecklon enumerates C. nudicaulis among the plants found in the Uitenhage

district (South Afr. Quart. Journ. i. 370). C. nudicaulis, Eckl., includes all the

varieties defined above, and therefore is equivalent to C. jasminoides, Linn., as a

whole. There are, however, no specimens of any variety of C. jasminoides from

Uitenhage in the collections examined ; the locality is therefore somewhat

doubtful,

An extremely variable species as regards foliage, but remarkably uniform as

regards flowers and fruit. The varieties here distinguished pass gradually one

into the others. ; ‘i

18. C. serpyllifolia (Lehm. Ind. Sem. Hort. Hamb. 1828, 16) ;

stems slightly angled, leafy, much-branched, }~1 ft. long; branches

virgate ; leaves ovate, obtuse or subacute, } in. long, 24 lin. wide ;

flowers 2-3, or solitary, terminal ; peduncles }-j in. long ; calyx

21 lin. long, divided three-fourths ; lobes linear-subulate ; corolla-

tube narrow-cylindric, longer than the calyx; limb narrowed ;

lobes ovatelanceolate, subacuminate, 4 lin. long, 1} lin. wide ;

anthers straight ; ovary narrow-oblong, acute, 3 lin. long. Lehm.

in Linnea, v. 373; Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 106 and in DC. Prodr. ix.

41; Gilg in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 2, 78 ; Schoch in Bot.

Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 191 partly. C. parvifolia, E. Meyer, Comm.

178 partly. C. ovata, Spreng. ex Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 41.

Var. B, laxa (Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 106) ; leaves narrow-ovate, obtuse or :

subacute, $ in. long, 14 lin. wide, rather more distant ; corolla-lobes lanceolate,

acuminate. Griseb. in DU. Prodr. ix. 41; Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 192

partly. C. parvifolia, E, Meyer, Comm. 178 partly.

Van. y, microphylla (Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 106); leaves ovate, acute or

ahaa in. long, under 1 lin. wide ; corolla-lobes lanceol: , acuminate.

_— Griseb. oot Prodr. ix. 41; Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 192. C. ser-

- pyllifolia, Eckl. in South Afr, Quart, Journ, i, 371, hardly of Iehm. C. parvifolia,

E, Meyer, Comm. 178 partly. a

T112 | GENTIANE (Hill and Prain). ‘[Chironia.

SoutH Arrica : without locality, cultivated specimens !

Coast Rucion; Uitenhage Div.; near the Zwartkops River, below 100 ft.,

Drege, 2237 ! Zeyher, 165! 204! and without precise locality, Verreaux ! Bathurst

Div.; Port Alfred, Atherstone, 240! South! Var. 8: Uitenhage Div. ; near the

Zwartkops River, 100 ft., Zeyher, 3431! Ecklon, 648! and without precise

locality, Verreauz! Var. y: Uitenhage Div. ; Van Stadens Berg, 1000-1500 ft.,

Drége! between Krakakamma and Van Stadens Berg, Zeyher! Ecklon, 48! 649 !

The varieties distinguished by Grisebach hardly deserve recognition on morpholo-

gical grounds ; var. B has all the appearance of a form of the typical plant growing

among grass ; var. that of a form growing in poor soil. The fruit has been stated

by Schoch (i.c. p. 186) to be a berry ; it is, however, a 2-valved capsule, like that

of C. laxa, Gilg.

19. C. laxa (Gilg in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 105); stems slightly

angled, leafy, much-branched, 1-1} ft. long ; branches ascending or

spreading ; leaves lanceolate, acuminate, }-1 in. long, 1-1} lin.

wide ; flowers 2-3, or solitary, terminal ; peduncles }—1} in. long ;

calyx 3 lin. long, divided three-fourths; lobes linear-subulate ;

corolla-tube narrow-cylindric, longer than the calyx; limb

narrowed ; lobes ovate-lanceolate, subacuminate, 5-6 lin. long,

2-2) lin. wide; anthers straight; ovary narrow-oblong, acute,

3 lin. long. C. melampyrifolia, E. Meyer, Comm. 177 ; Schoch in

Bot. Centralbl. Beth. xiv. 208; not of Lam. C. maritima, Griseb.

in DO. Prodr. ix. 39 (as to syn, E. Meyer only); not of Eek.

C. Schlechteri, Schoch in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér. ii, 1010 and in

Bot. Centralbl. Beth. xiv. 214.

Coast Rreton : Komgha Div. ; near Komgha, Flanagan, 12!

Eastern Recion: Transkei ; near the Bashee River, 2800 ft., Schlechter, 6282!

near Butterworth, 2000 ft., Bolus, 10228 ! Tembuland ; banks of the Umtata River,

400 ft., Drege, 4924! Griqualand East ; Shawbury, 2000 ft., Baur, 229!

Nearly allied to C. serpyllifolia, Lehm., and only distinguished by its longer

leaves and larger size. The two are related to each other much as C. rosacea,

Gilg, and C. transvaalensis, Gilg, are related, an | it may be found, as the result of

further field study, that they can only be distingnished as varieties. There is no

character by which to separate C’. Schlechter, Schoch, based on Schlechter 6282,

from C’. axa proper, based on Baur 229.

20. C. floribunda (Paxt. Mag. Bot. xi, 237); stems faintly

angled, leafy, diffusely branched, 1-2 ft. long; leaves narrow-

_spathulate or lanceolate, acute, 3-1 in. long, 2-3 lin. wide ; flowers

solitary, terminal; peduncles $-14 in. long; calyx 3 lin. long,

_ divided three-fourths ; lobes narrow-elliptic, acute ; corolla-tube

_ narrow-cylindric, as long as the calyx; limb narrowed ; lobes

obovate, obtuse, 5 lin. long, 4 lin, wide ; anthers straight ; ovary

ovoid, acute, 3} lin. long. Paat. Mag. Bot. xii. 123, with plate ;

Belg. Hortic. 1860, 65, with plate ; Rev. Hortic. Belg. 1907, 3, with

plate. C. Fischeri, Hort. Rolliss. ea Paxt. in Mag. Bot. xi. 237 and

1 frutescens, Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 39. ee

Chironia.| GENTIANEA (Hill and Prain). 1113

This distinct and very uniform species has been long known in European

gardens, and is believed to have come from the Cape. There are however no

specimens collected in South Africa in any of the herbaria examined. It is, as

Grisebach has indicated, most nearly allied to C. maritima, but differs in calyx, in

corolla-lobes and in baying glands at the base of the filaments. The specimens

seen by us show that it has been grown under various names in different

collections :; at Chelsea as C. floribunda; Goettingen as C’. maritima ; Rouen as

C. frutescens ; St. Petersburg as C’. lychnoides ; Berlin, Edinburgh and Liibeck as

C. Fischeri ; Kew as C. linoides and C. ixifera ; Wurzburg as C. baccifera,

21. C. maritima (Eckl. in South Afr. Quart. Journ. i, 370, not

of Willd.); stems distinctly angled, rooting at the nodes below,

3-11 ft. long ; branches suberect, remotely leafy, again branched ;

leaves narrow-spathulate or lanceolate, subacute or acute, 1-1} in.

long, 14-24 lin. wide ; flowers solitary, terminal; peduncles 1-1}

in. long, occasionally 1-2 added in upper axils ; calyx 5 lin. long,

divided three-fourths to four-fifths; lobes linear, long-acuminate ;

corolla-tube narrow-cylindric, as long as the calyx; limb slightly

narrowed ; lobes ovate-lanceolate, acute, 8 lin. long, 4—5 lin. wide ;

anthers straight ; ovary narrow-ovoid, acute, 4} lin. long. Griseb.

Gen. et Sp. Gent. 100 and in DC. Prodr. ix. 39 (excl. syn.

C. melampyrifolia) ; Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beth, xiv. 216, ¢. 16,

fig. 5. C. lychnoides, Thunb. in Trans. Linn, Soc, vii. 252 partly ;

not of Berg.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Thunberg !

Coast Reaton: Cape Div. ; Fish Hoek, Wolley Dod, 650! Vyges Kraal River,

Wolley Dod, 2391! sandy shore near Muizenberg, Bunbury! salt meadows

between Retreat and Muizenberg, 25 ft., Schlechter, 654! and without precise

locality, Harvey, 610! Verreaux! Knoop, 60 partly! Port Elizabeth Div. ; Cape

Recife, Burchell, 4384! Ecklon, 36! 641! along the coast, #.S.C.A. Herb, 291!

Hutton ! sand hills, 50 ft., Zeyher, 793! 1199!

A distinct and uniform species, most resembling C. scabrida, var. ligulifolia, but

readily distinguished by its habit, its foliage and its quite different calyx.

22. C. scabrida (Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 103); stem angled,

suberect, leafy, 4—} ft. long; branches virgate ; leaves oblong or

elliptic, obtuse or acute, }—} in. long, 3-4 lin. wide, scabridulous

especially on the margins; flowers solitary, terminal ; peduncles

4-3 in. long ; calyx 5 lin. long, divided half-way ; lobes lanceolate,

acute, keeled ; tube keeled ; corolla-tube cylindric, longer than the

calyx ; lobes elliptic-oblong, obtuse, 8 lin, long, 4-5 lin. : wide ;

anthers straight ; ovary ovoid, acute, 4 lin. long. Griseb. in DC.

Prodr. ix. 40; Schoch in But. Centralbl. Beth. xiv. 205.

specimens only); Knobl. in Bot. Centralbl. 1x. 328 (as to C. viscosa, Zeyh. got) :

not of Linn. C. jasméinoides.

¢. Bei i oie , var, lychnoides, Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 102 (as to Ecklon’s plant

only) and in DC, Prodr, ix. 40; not C. lychnoides, Berg. or Linn, C, viseosa,

1114 GENTIANE (Hill and Prain), [Chironia.

Beith, xiv. 196 (as to C. viseosa, Zeyh. only); not of Linn, f. C. tetragona, var.

linearis, Griseb. in DC. Prody, ix. 40 (as to CL riscosa, Zeyh. only); not of

E. Meyer.

Sourn Arrica: without locality; Var. 8: Burmann! Sonnerat! Buettner {

Banks! Wallich | Nelson! Brown! Sieber! Thom, 769 ! Drége !

Coast Rraion: Swellendam Div. ; Rhinoceros Fontein near Sebastians Bay,

Gornot! Var. 8: Cape Div. ; Cape Flats, Krauss ! Rehmann, 1972! near Cape-

town, Hesse! Blue Berg, Zeyher, 1200! under Tiger Berg, near Riet Valley,

Ecklon, 176! 262! near Durban Road, 100 ft., MacOwan, 96! and in MacOwan

and Bolus in Herb. Norm. 961! Uitenhage Div, ; near Uitenhage, Prior !

The varieties recognisable differ very much, as do the two varieties of the nearly

allied inland species (. tetragona, Linn. £., and C. tabularis, Page. It may

transpire that this is only a littoral or sublittoral form of a wide-spread and

protean species including all three.

23. C. tabularis (Page, Prodr. 121); stems distinctly angled,

erect, leafy, }-} ft. long; branches virgate; leaves ovate or

elliptic, acute, 1-3 in. long, 3-4 lin. wide ; flowers solitary or 2-3,

terminal ; peduncles }—1} in. long; calyx 5-7 lin. long, divided

half-way ; lobes lanceolate, acute, keeled ; tube strongly kecled or

with narrow coriaceous wings ; corolla-tube cylindric, about as long

as the calyx; lobes elliptic-oblong, obtuse, 8 lin. long, 4-5 lin.

wide ; anthers straight ; ovary ovoid, acute, 4 lin. long. Steud.

Nomencl. Bot. ed. 2, i. 352. C. jasminoides, Edw. Bot. Reg. t. 197 ;

EH. Meyer, Comm. 179; not of Linn. OC. tetragona, Schoch in Bot.

Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 196 (as to syn. Edw. Bot. Reg. only) ; not of

Linn. f. C. tetragona, var. brevifolia, Griseb. in DC. Prodr, ix. 40.

(as to syn, Edw. Bot. Reg. only); not of Gen. et Sp. Gent. C.

tctragona, var, ovata, Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xiv, 197 (as to

9614 Schlechter only) ; not of E. Meyer. Evalthe jasminoides, Raf.

Fl. Tellur. iii. 77. ; :

Var. 8, confusa (Prain in Kew Bulletin, 1908, 298); stems 1-1} ft. long;

leaves narrowly ovate-lancevlate to linear, 1-1} in. long, 1-2 lin, wide ; calyx-lobes

lanceolate, acuminate. (€ jasminoides, Cham. in Linnea, vi. 344 (Caledon

specimens only); Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 101 and in DC. Prodr. ix. 40 (as to

eseription andy); Gilg in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 78 5 Knobl. in Bot.

Centralbl, \x. 328; Schoch in Bot Centralbl. Beh. xiv. 194; not of Linn. C.

tetrayona, var. linearis, Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 197 (as to 4182 Bolus

only); not of EB. Meyer,

_ SourH Arrica : without locality, cultivated specimens! Var. 8B: Dréye! Hesse!

Zeyher! Lehmann Lndwiy! Thom, 808! and cultivated specimens ! :

Coast Recton: Stellenbosch Div. ; Lowrys Pass, 1000-2000 ft., Drége!

Bresjasdorp Diy. ; hills near Elim, Bolus, 8578! Koude River, Schlechter, 9614!

Swellendam Diy. ; salt marshes, Bowie! Var. 8: Caledon Div. ; mountains near

Greitjes Gat, 1600 ft., Bolus, 4182! Houw Hoek, 1800 ft., Bellon! Schlechter,

9393 ! Zwart Berg, Pappe! between Caledon and Pot River, Ecklon! Bavians

Kloof, near Genadendal, Ecklon! Gibbs in Herb. Bolus, 10036 ! near Genadendal,

Prior! Pappe ! .

Nearly allied to and, as Knoblauch st , perhaps not specifically

C. tetragona, Linn. f., from which et is readily distinguished pie

calyx with narrow, acute or acuminate, instead of wide, foliaceous lobes, The two:

Chironia. | GENTIANE® (Hill and Prain). 1115

24. C. tetragona (Linn. f. Suppl. 151); stems distinctly angled,

erect, leafy, $-14} ft. long; branches virgate; leaves ovate or

subelliptic, acute, $—} in. long, 3-4 lin. wide ; flowers solitary or

2-3, terminal; peduncles }-1} in. long; calyx 7-9 lin, long,

divided half-way; lobes wide triangular, subacute or acute,

foliaceous, winged; tube with foliaceous wings; corolla-tube

cylindric, shorter than the calyx; lobes elliptic-oblong, acute or

obtuse, 8 lin. long, 5 lin. wide; anthers straight; ovary ovoid,

acute, 4 lin. long. Thunb. Prodr. 35, in Trans. Linn. Soe. vii. 249,

t. 12, fig. 2, and Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 111; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1071: R. Br.

Prodr. i. 451; Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 102 and in DC. Prodr.

ix. 40; Knobl. Bot. Centralbl. 1x. 328; Schoch in Bot. Centralbl.

C. jasminoides, Thunb. Prodr. 35, in Trans. Linn, Soe. vii. 251, and

Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 109 (in small part, sheet y partly) ; not of Linn.

Van. B, linearis (E. Meyer, Comm. 179); leaves narrow-elliptic or lanceolate

or linear, 3-1} in. long, 14-24 lin. wide. Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 40 (excl. syn.

C. viscosa, Zeyh.) ; Schoch in Bot, Centralbl. Beth. xiv. 197 (as to Drége 7822

only). C. tetragona, Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 196 (as to syn. C.

unifora, Lam., and mainly as to specimens) ; hardly of Linn, f. C. tetragona,

var. brevifolia, Griseb. Gen, et Sp. Gent. 102 (wholly) and in DC. Prodr. ix. 40

(cael. syn. C. jasminoides, Edw.). C. uniflora, Lam. Encycl. i. 737, and Ill. Gen.

t. 108, fig. 3; Pers. Syn. Pl. i 282. — C. jasminoides, Thunb. Prodr, 35, in Trans.

Linn, Soc. vii. 251, and Fl. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 109 (as to specimens, sheet B and in part

sheet y, not as to descr.) ; Griseb, Gen. et Sp, Gent. 101, and in DC. Prodr. ix. 40

(as to Thunberg’s Swellendam specimens, not as to descr.) , not of Linn.

Sourn Arrica: without locality ; Burmann! Masson! Zeyher, 162! Var. B:

Sparrman! Masson! Wallich! Lehmann !

Coast Reaton: Cape Div. ; Table Mountain, Fraser, 52! Swellendam Div. ;

near Puspus River, Thunberg! Knysna Div. ; hills and glens near Plettenbergs

Bay, Bowie, 10! 11! Uitenhage Div. ; between Van Stadens Berg and Klaas-

niemans Fontein, Drége! between Van Stadens River and Bethelsdorp River,

Drége, 2239! plains near Van Stadens River, Ecklon ! plateau near Van Stadens

Berg, Scott Elliot, 262!° near Witteklip, MacOwan, 1059! near Uitenhage.

Zeyher, 321! Penther, 2081! Brak Fontein, Zeyher, 3425! Port Elizabeth Div. ;

between Uitenhage and Algoa Bay, Burchell, 4284! Krakakamma, Burchell,

4536! near Port Elizabeth, Drege! Zeyher, 3425! Prior! Miss West, 291

Alexandria Diy. ; Oliphants Hoek forest, #chlon, 635! Albany Diy. ; Sidbury,

Burke! Geilhoutboom, 800-1200 ft., Drége! near Grahamstown, Burke, 83!

Var. 8B: Stellenbosch Div. ; Lowrys Pass (Hottentots Holland Kloof), Lrége !

Caledon Diy. ; Thom, 961! Swellendam Diy. ; without precise locality, Thunberg!

Knysna Diy. ; Keurboom River, Penther, 2024! near Knysna, Penther, 2011!

2014! Uniondale Div. ; Long Kloof, Drége, 7822! Humansdorp Diy. ;_ near

Humansdorp, 150 ft., Bolus, 1566! Schlecrter, 6029 ! Uitenhage Div. ; downs

near Cape Recife, Zeyher, 750! Prior! hills near Brakfontein, Zeyher, 321!

plains near Winter Hoek Mountains and between Kromme River and Uitenhage,

Ecklon, 636! near Enon, Baur, 1027! Port Elizabeth Div. ; sandhills near

Port Elizabeth, Prior! Cooper, 1458! 2764! Miss Holland, 49! Cape Recife,

Zeyher, 3425! B.C.S.A. Herb. 224! Bathurst Div. ; near Kaffir Drift, Burchell, —

3763! between Barville Park and the sea, Burchell, 4072! Port Alfred, Hutton,

598! Atherstone, 238! Haagner in Herb, Conrath, 738! Albany Div. ; by the

‘stream at Grahamstown, Burchell, 3561! Misses Daly and Sole, 537! Bolton!

without precise locality, Miss Bowker!

yar. linearis, ‘EB. Meyer, we have followed Meyer. It — : : -

1116 GENTIANE# (Hill and Prain). [ Chironia.

includes, however, two easily recognisable forms :—(1) with linear leaves up to

lin. long ; (2) with narrow-elliptic leaves, $ in. long. The former is var. linearis as

limited by Schoch and is the plant distributed but not described as C. jasminoides,

Thunb., not of Linn. The latter is the plant described and figured by Lamarck

as C', uniflora, and is the plant originally intended by Grisebach as his var.

brevifolia, Tt is to this form that Schoch has restricted, in intention, the name

C. tetrayona ; the original C. tetragona, Linn. f., is however, the form which

Meyer and Schoch have termed var. ovata, These various forms are connected by

intermediates, and C. tetragona as a whole is perhaps too closely related to

(, tabularis ; some of Schoch’s specimens, quoted under C. tetragona, belong to

C. tabularis.

25. C. melampyrifolia (Lam. Ill. Gen. i. 479); stem distinctly

angled, decumbent or scandent, leafy, 5-6 ft. long; branches

divaricate ; leaves lanceolate or ovate, base cordate, subamplexicaul,

acuminate at the revolute tip, }—-1 in. long, 2-6 lin. wide ; flowers

solitary, ‘terminal; peduncles ?-2 in. long ; calyx 4 lin. long,

divided half-way ; lobes ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, keeled ; tube

keeled ; corolla-tube cylindric, rather longer than the calyx ; lobes

ovate-oblong or oblong, subacute or acute, 9-12 lin. long, 4-6 lin.

wide; anthers straight; ovary ovate-oblong, acute, 5 lin. long.

Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 282; Poir. Encycl. Suppl. ii. 233 ; Roem. and

Schult. Syst. Veg. iv. 201. C. lychnoides, Lam. Encyel. i. 736 ; not

of Berg. C. jasminoides, Thunb. Prodr. i. 35, in Trans, Linn. Soe.

vii. 251, and FV. Cap. ed. 2, ii. 109 (as to descr. wholly, and as to sheet a

in Herb. propr.); Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1066; Griseb. Gen. et Sp.

Gent. 101 and in DC. Prodr. ix. 40 (as to Krebs’ and Willdenow’s

plant cited, but exel. descr.) ; not of Linn. C. perfoliata, Eckl. in

South Afr. Quart. Journ. i. 370; Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 104

and in DC. Prodr. ix. 40; Gilg in Ann. Nat. Hist. Hof mus.

Wien, xv. 65 and in Engl. und Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 2, 785

Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beth. xiv. 205; not of Salish. C. speciosa,

st Meyer, Comm. 178. C. glutinosa, Paxt. Mag. Bot. xv. 245, with

ate.

SourH AFRIcA : without locality ; Oldenburg! Burmann | Commerson | Sonnerat !

pe Mund and Maire, 261! Scholl! Krebs, 231! Fleuron (Herb. Willdenow,

500) !

Coast Recon: Caledon Div; near Caledon, Prior! Swellendym Div. ;

Tradouw Berg, Bowie, 4! and without precise locality, Thunberg | Riversdale

Div. ; without precise locality, Rust, 314! Mossel Bay Div. ; Robinson Pass,

2500 ft., Bolus! George Div.; between Touw River and Kaymans River,

Burchell, 5772! ner George, Prior! Bolus, 12996! hills near Silver River,

Schlechter, 5869! Penther, 2026! Montagu Pass, Rehmann, 267! Penther, 2027 '

between George and Knysna, Pappe! and without precise locality, Bowe, 3!

Knysna Div. ; mountains near Plettenbergs Bay, Bove, 4! and near the Great

Forest, Castelnau, 583! Bolus, 1921! Uitenhage Div.; Van Stadens Berg,

Burchell, 4710! Zeyher, 193! Eeklon, 488! 634! Zuur Berg Range, 1500-

2000 ft., Dréye! Port Elizabeth Div.; Algoa Bay, Forbes, 80! 91! Prior!

near Port Elizabeth, £.S.C.4. Herb. 446! Albany Div.; near Grahamstown,

Bolton! MacOwan, 71! Schinland, 130 Zeyher, 1981-3480! Scott Eliot, 786!

Galpin, 173! Hutton | Williamson !

A very distinct species which will probably still be maintained even if it be oe

found necessary to unite C. teragona, C, tabularis and C. scabrida. In the

Chironia.| GENTIANE& (Hill and Prain). 1117

by Thunberg and cited by Grisebach (Arebs, 231) as C. jasminoides, and is also

the plant described by Ecklon as C. perfoliata, dries to a pale brown or straw-

colour ; the other, which is C. melampyrifolia, Lam., also C. speciosa, E. Meyer,

and C. glutinosa, Paxt., dries blackish. There is, however, no morphological

character by which the two can be distinguished ; both vary equally as regards

width of leaf.

V. ENICOSTEMA, Blume.

Calyaz 5-toothed ; tube campanulate ; teeth lanceolate. Corolla

5-lobed ; tube elongate, lower-half cylindric, upper narrowly funnel-

shaped ; lobes small, lanceolate. Stamens 5, inserted at the middle

of the corolla-tube ; filaments filiform, with a small double-hooded

scale at the base; anthers erect, straight, acute. Ovary 1-celled ;

placentas little intruded ; ovules numerous ; style short, subulate,

stigma capitate. Capsule oblong, septicidal; valves 2. Seeds

numerous, globose, foveolate.

Erect perennial herbs ; leaves numerous, opposite ; flowers numerous, small, in

axillary clusters.

Distr. Species 4, one each in Tropical America, Tropical Africa and

Madagascar with the following which extends to Tropical Africa and Asia.

1. E. littorale (Blume, Bijdr. 848) ; stem branching from the

base, glabrous, 4—18 in. high ; leaves glabrous, in many pairs, sessile,

linear or lanceolate, usually acute, occasionally in the lower half of

the stem oblong, sometimes obtuse, or rarely obovate retuse, }-3 in.

long, 14—4 lin. wide ; flowers in sessile axillary clusters throughout

the stem ; calyx-tube } lin. long; lobes 3~1 lin. long, } lin. wide,

ovate to linear-lanceolate, acuminate or acute, slightly spreading at

the tips, imbricate or valvate at the base, with narrowish submem-

branous margins ; corolla-tube 2} lin. long; lobes 1-1} lin. long ;

style slightly thickened upwards. Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 66 ;

Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 101; Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb.

Bot. 271; Baker & N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 563.

E. verticillare, Baill. Hist. Pl. x. 131 partly. E. verticillatum,

Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 313 partly; Knobl. in Bot. Centralbl. 1x.

333. Gentiana verticillata, Linn. f. Suppl. 174, not of Linn.

G. verticillaris, Retz. Obs. ii. 15. Slevogtia orientalis, Griseb. in DC.

Prodr. ix. 65. Hippion hyssopifolium, Spreng. Syst. i. 589; Griseb.

Gen. et Sp. Gent. 134. H. verticillatum, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl.

428; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 711 partly, perhaps not of

F. W. Schnidt.—Centaurion angustifolium, floribus ex alis sessilibus,

Burm. Rar. Afr. Pl. 206, t. 74, fig. 3.

Kananart Recion: Transvaal ; Boshveld, Klippan, Rehmann, 5280! in grassy

plains near Pietersburg, 4000 ft., Bolus, 10865! Naboomfontein, 4300 ft.,

Schlechter, 4306! near Barberton, 2900 ft., Thorneroft, 400 (Herb. Wood, 4503) !

Thorncroft, 3026!

Eastern RuGion : Delagoa Bay ; Matolla, 30 ft., Schlechter, 11697!

1118 GENTIANE® (Hill and Prain). { Farod.

VI. FAROA, Welw.

Calyx 4-lobed ; tube short, campanulate ; lobes acute or obtuse.

Corolla 4-lobed ; tube not exceeding the calyx ; limb with 4 scales ;

lobes spreading. Stamens 4, inserted at the mouth of the corolla-

tube ; filaments filiform ; anthers oblong, minute. Ovary 1-celled ;

placentas slightly intruded; ovules numerous ; style subulate ;

stigma 2-lobed or simple. Capsule subglobose, septicidal ; valves 2.

Seeds numerous, subglobose, foveolate.

Annual, rarely perennial, branching herbs ; leaves usually numerous, sessile

flowers in dense terminal or axillary clusters, minute.

Distrie. Species about 10, all Tropical African, the one here described also

extending into our area.

1. F. salutaris (Welw. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvii. 45, t. 1a);

biennial or perennial ; stem 2-3 in. high, branching at the base ;

branches slender, erect ; leaves glabrous, radical tufted, oblanceolate,

obtuse, base cuneate, 6-9 lin. long, 14-24 lin. wide, cauline opposite,

2-3-jugate, lanceolate, 2-6 lin. long, 1—1} lin. wide ; flowers densely

clustered ; clusters 8-10 Jin. across, usually all terminal, at times

a second axillary cluster, closely subtended by pairs of leaves ;

pedicels glabrous, 1—2 lin. long ; calyx 1-1} lin. long; lobes erect,

ovate-acute, submembranous, midrib thickened, green, slightly

gibbous and slightly prolonged at the tip ; corolla-tube 14 lin.

long ; lobes 1 lin. long, lanceolate, acute; filaments longer than

the corolla-lobes ; style 13-2 lin. long, slender; stigma minutely

Qlobed. Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 336; Hiern in Cat. Afr.

Pl. Welw. i. 710; Knobl. in Bot. Centralbl. 1x. 330 ; Gilg im

Baum, Kunene-Samb. Eaped. 333; Baker & N. E. Br. in Dyer, FI.

Trop. Afr. iv. i, 569.

Katanart Region : Basutoland ; Machacha Mountain, Bryce !

Also in Tropical Africa.

VII. SWERTIA, Linn.

Calyx 4—5-lobed ; tube short or obsolete ; lobes acute or obtuse.

Corolla 4—5-lobed; limb subrotate ; tube very short and broad ;

‘lobes acute or obtuse, with solitary or paired basal glandular

nectaries... Stamens 4—5, inserted in the corolla-sinuses, shorter than

— the lobes ; filaments subulate or flattened ; anthers oblong or ovate,

versatile, Ovary 1-celled; placentas slightly intruded ; ovules

S numerous ; style short or obsolete ; stigma 2lobed. Capsule oblong

S or lanceolate ; valves 2. Seeds numerous, minute, compressed, often —

mual or perennial herbs ; leaves numerous, cauline opposite, sessile or very

} petioled, radical narrowed to a petiole ; flowers in terminal corymbose

corolla blue, yellow or white.

Faroa.| GENTIANE® (Hill and Prain). 1119

Disrris. Species about 90, rather more than one-third Tropical African, a few

in Madagascar and in Europe, the greater number Asiatic.

1, 8. stellarioides (Ficalho, Pl. Uteis, 225) ; annual ; stem 5—1 ft.

high, simple or branching above ; branches ascending, corymbose ;

leaves glabrous, radical lanceolate, obtuse, narrowed to a short

petiole, 1—3 in. long, 14-2 lin. wide, cauline linear-lanceolate to

linear, obtuse or subacute, }—-1 in. long, 3-2 lin. wide; flowers

5-merous, in simple or panicled subumbellately 3—8-flowered cymes ;

pedicels }—1 in. long ; outer two calyx-lobes larger than the others,

all lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute, 13-3} lin. long, }—§ lin.

wide ; corolla-lobes oblong-obovate, obtuse, 35-5 lin. long, 13-1}

lin. wide, white streaked with purple within, basal nectaries paired,

oblong, ciliate ; stamens 2 lin. long ; ovary oblong, hardly narrowed

to the very broad obtuse sessile 2-lobed stigma which is broader

than long; valves of capsule obtuse. Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw.

i. 711; Baker & N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl.. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 581.

S. Welwitschii, Engl. Hochgebirgsf. Trop. Afr. 339; Gilg in Engl.

Jahrb. xxvi. 110. Adenopogon stellarioides, Welw. Syn. Explic. 27.

Karanari Reaioy : Orange River Colony ; marshes near Harrismith, 7000 ft.,

Sankey, 68 ! Transvaal, in marshy places ; Donkershoek, Rehmann, 6529 ! Hout-

bosch Berg, 6500 ft., Schlechter, 4699! near Lydenberg, Wilms, 967 | Lomatie

Valley, 4000 ft., Galpin, 1228 ! :

Eastern Rearon: Natal; damp places near Van Reenen, 7500 ft., Schlechter,

6991!

Also in Tropical Africa.

VIII. VILLARSIA, Vent.

Calya deeply 5-lobed ; tube short, campanulate. Corolla 5-lobed ;

tube short ; lobes spreading, induplicate-valvate. Stamens 5, adnate

to the corolla-tube ; filaments filiform; anthers linear, sagittate,

versatile. Ovary surrounded by 5 minute hypogynous glands,

l-celled ; placentas parietal, thickened ; ovules usually numerous ;

style short or long; stigma 2-lobed ; lobes usually rather large.

Capsule subglobose, opening by 4 apical valves. Seeds few or

numerous ; testa crustaceous, smooth and shining, or muriculate, or

hispidulous.

: r ine; stems simple with leaves reduced and seale-like or

siesta Reseorn eran a few sales leaves ; radical leaves long-stalked, entire

or sinuately toothed ; flowers white or yellow, cymose ; cymes sometimes paniculate.

Disrris, Species about 10 ; all save the one here described Australian.

1. V. ovata (Vent. Choix, 9, t. 9); tufted, usually partly sub-

merged ; rootstock long, usually stout, creeping ; leaves coriaceous,

mostly radical, 3-12 in. long ; blade ovate, base rounded or truncate

very rarely cuneate or subcordate, obtuse, entire, 1-3 in. long, 3-2}

in. ‘wide; petiole stout, sheathing at the base ; stem scapiform, —

central, usually branched, 3 in.-1} ft. long ; cauline leaves short-

1120 GENTIANE (Hill and Prain). { Villarsia.

petioled or sessile, base cuneate, much smaller; flowers in racemi-

form or corymbose cymes at the ends of the branches ; peduncles

4-3 in. long; calyx 4 lin. long, divided almost to the base ; lobes

elliptic, acute ; corolla yellow; tube campanulate, rather shorter

than the calyx ; lobes oblong, retuse, apiculate at the base of the

sinus, with crenate-fimbriate margins, hirsute at the base within,

6 lin. long, 3 lin. wide; hypogynous glands yellow ; capsule sub-

globose ; seeds 2, subglobose, obtusely carinate, faintly muricate.

Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 337 and in DC. Prodr. ix. 136; E. Meyer,

Comm. 186. Menyanthes ovata, Linn. f. Suppl. 133. M. capensis,

Thunb. Prodr. 34. Renealmia capensis, Houtt. Handleid. viii. 335,

t. 47, fig. 1.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Grey !

Coast Recion : Tulbagh Div. ; marshes near New Kloof, 2000-3000 ft., Drége !

Worcester Div. ; Bains Kloof, 2700 ft., Schlechter, 9174! Paarl Div. ; Klein

Drakenstein Mountains, 500 ft., Drége! Cape Div. ; Table Mountain, Forster !

Burchell, 562! Ecklon, 825! Sieber! Zeyher! Harvey, 213! 238! Milne, 174!

MacWillivray, 608! Prior! near Wynberg Reservoir, Wolley Dod, 167! marsh

south of Vlagge Berg, Wolley Dod, 166! Muizenberg, Prior! Stellenbosch Div. 3

Hottentots Holland, Prior! Caledon Div. ; New Kloof, Houw Hvek Mountains,

Burchell, 8110! Swellendam Diy. ; by the Zondereinde River, near Appels Kraal,

Zeyher, 3435! Uniondale Div. ; Long Kloof, marshes at Sevenfontein River,

Burchell, 4887! aud by Wagenbooms Stream, Bolus, 2404! Uitenhage Div. ;

Zuurberg Range, 2500 ft., Dréye !

IX. LIMNANTHEMOM, 8. M. Gmel.

Calyx deeply 5-6-lobed ; tube very short, campanulate. Corolla

5-6-lobed; tube short; lobes spreading, induplicate-valvate.

Stamens 5-6, inserted at or below corolla-throat; filaments short ;

anthers versatile. Ovary surrounded by 5-6 minute hypogynous

glands, l-celled; placentas parietal; ovules usually numerous ;

style short or long; stigma 2-lobed. Capsule globose, ovoid or

oblong, indehiscent or irregularly rupturing. Seeds few or

numerous; testa crustaceous, smooth or tuberculate, sometimes

subcarinate.

Herbs, aquatic ; stems erect or stolon-like, with alternate or subopposite leaves ;

leaves orbicular, elliptic or ovate, usually deeply notched at the base, margin

entire, crenate or dentate ; flowers white or yellow, solitary or in pairs or fascicles

at the nodes,

Distrip. Species about 20, in all tropical and temperate regions.

1, L. thunbergianum (Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 345); tufted,

usually submerged ; stems (false petioles) very variable, 2 in.-? ft.

— long, 3-2 lin. thick ; leaves floating, orbicular with deep acute

basal sinus, coriaceous, 1-5 in. wide ; flowers 5-merous, in fascicles

of 10-25, close to or from }-1 in. below the blade ; pedicels stout,

_ long; calyx 4 lin. long, divided almost to the base ; lobes:

anceolate, obtuse or acute ; corolla white or yellow; : :

Limnanthemum.| GENTIANE® (Hill and Prain). 1121

tube campanulate ; rather shorter than the calyx, with 5 tutts ot

hairs above the middle within; lobes oblong-lanceolate, acute, with

ciliate margins and long hairs on the inner face, 7 lin. long, 4 lin,

wide ; hypogynous glands subquadrate, minutely ciliate ; capsule

ellipsoid, about as long as the calyx ; seeds 6-18, compressed, # lin,

long, } lin. thick, subcarinate, smooth, slightly shining, grey with

darker mottling. Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 139; Gilg in Baum,

Kunene-Samb. Eaped. 335; Wood & Evans, Natal Pl. i, 29, t. 34;

Baker & N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv.i. 584. L. forbestanum,

Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 345 and in DC. Prodr. ix. 139 partly.

L. ecklonianum, Griseb. Gen. et Sp. Gent. 346 and in DC. Prodr. ix.

140. Villarsia indica, E. Meyer, Comm. 186, not of Vent. Menyanthes

indica, Thunb. Prodr. 34, not of Linn.

Coast Rrcrox: Cape Div.; in pools on Cape Fats, Ecklon! Bunbury !

Verreaux |! Humansdorp Div. : Kromme River, Burchell, 4872! Uitenhage Div. ;

Zwartkops River, Ecklon! Zeyher, 505! Prior | Witte River, near Enon, Drége!

Baur, 1043! pools at Galgebosch, MacOwan, 1937! near Uitenhage, Zeyher!

Zuur Berg Range, Mrs. Barber, 481! Albany Div. ; in a river south of

Signal Hill, Grahamstown, 1200 ft., Galpin, 2917! Bothas Hill, Baur, 1043 !

Kafiraria, Baur !

KALaHart ReGion : Transvaal ; Belfast, Burtt Davy, 1271! :

Eastern Recon: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker! Natal; near Durban,

M‘Ken, 757! Wood, 83! Inanda, Wood, 66! Blackwater, Claremont, Sanderson,

524!

Also in Tropical Africa.

ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA.

ERICACEA.

THE following key to the genera is to be substituted for that

given upon pages 3 and 4, The bracts mentioned refer only to

those which are upon the pedicel or come away with the calyx, not

those persistent upon the flowering axis. or

* Corolla and stamens hypogynous ; ovary superior.

+ Ovary 2-4-celled: (in Coccosperma sometimes 1-celled and in Frica rarely

8-celled) ; fruit sometimes 1-celled by abortion.

{ Ovules 2 or more in each cell. Corolla 4-lobed or 3-4-toothed.

§ Flowers small or large, distinctly pedicellate. Ovary 3-4- (rarely 8-) celled.

Fruit 3-4--(rarely 8-) valved. Seeds very small or minute, with a thin

testa. is ; Die ; 2 —

a, Stamens normally 8, rarely 6-7.

__IL. Erica.—Jracts 3, very rarely 1 or 0.. Calyx equally 4-partite, rarely 4-lobed.

Corolla of various size and shape. . Stamens free or the anthers cohering. Stigma

various.

II. Philippia.—Bracts 0. Calyx unequally 4-lobed or 4-partite. Corolla very .

smal]. Stamens with free or connate filaments and anthers. Stigma large, peltate

or saucer-shaped,

b, Stamens normally 4, occasionally 5-6.

Ill. Ericinella,x—Bracts 0. Calyx unequally 3-4-partite or 3-4-lobed. Corolla

a, small. Stamens free or with connate anthers. Stigma peltate or broadly

opconic,

IV, Bleria.—Bracts 8, rarely 2. Calys-equally 4-lobed or 4-partite. Corolla

small, tubular or campanulate. Stamens free. Stigma simple or peltate.

§§ Flowers very small, subsessile or minutely pedicellate. Fruit indehiscent,

cotitaining 2-4. large seeds, flat on one. side; very convex on the other,

with a thick hard testa, _ , a 2

XVIa. Coccosperma.—Bracts0. Calyx unequally 4-lobed. ~ Corolla campahulate

or cup-shaped, with incurved lobes. Stamens 4-8 Y Riacsant and anthers connate.

Ovary 1-2-celled, with 2 collateral ovules in each cell, often clinging together and

appearing as one ; stigma large, peltate or funnel-shaped.

Ovule solitary in each cell. (See under Coccosperma.)

4 Stamens 68. Corolla Tobe or 4-toothed.

Bracts 0. Anthers connate, notched at the apex.

XVII. Salaxis.—Calya y 4-lobed. Corolla very small, campanulate or

cup-shaped. Stamens 8; rarely 6; filaments at first variably connate. Stigma

1124 ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA.

\\\|Bracts 3. Anthers free, bipartite.

a, Calyx equally 4-partite, with campanulately evect segments. Anthers dorsifixed

close to the base.

VII. Eremia.—Zeaves spreading, not woolly. Calyx ciliate or hairy, but

not woolly. Stamens 8, included, equalling or slightly exceeding the corolla.

Stigma simple or minutely 4-lobed.

VILL. Hexastemon.—Zeaves densely imbricate and together with the calyx

white-woolly. Stamens 6, much exserted.

b. Calyx equally 4-lobed, nearly flat and almost square in outline. Anthers

basifixed.

Vil. Platycalyx.—Corolla subglobose or globose-ovoid, contracted at the

mouth, Stamens 6 or occasionally 5-7. Stigma simple.

§§ Stamens 4, very rarely 3 ; filaments and anthers free.

|| Corolla 4- (rarely 3-) lobed.

{| Anthers included or rarely slightly exceeding the corolla, about as broad as

long (see also Thoracosperma puberulum) ; cells perfectly free, dorsally

attached to the dilated or crutch-like apex of the filaments or very

shortly tapering into a slender attachment at the base, separated or

contiguous.

IX. Grisebachia.—Bructs 3. Calyx equally or unequally 4-lobed 3-} of the

way down or 4-partite, very conspicuously ciliate, often with long hairs. Corollu-

tube constricted at or above the middle or tubular or funnel-shaped. Stigma

minute, simple or capitate.

{| Anthers more or less exserted, longer than broad, firmly basifixed ; cells not

perfectly free ; filaments not dilated at the apex.

a. Calya-tube 0 to 4 as long as the lobes.

V. Coilostigma.—Bracts 0. Calyx unequally 4-partite ; tube 0. Corolla ovoid

or cylindric. Anthers bipartite. Stigma peltate or crater-like.

VI. Thoracosperma.—Bracts 1 or 3. Calyx rather inconspicuous or minute,

equally and deeply 4-lobed or 4-partite, not clothed with long hairs. Corolla

ovoid or subeampanulate. Anthers bipartite. Stigma small, simple or subpeltate.

X. Acrostemon.—Bracts 3. Calya conspicuous, equally 4-lobed nearly or quite

to the base, clothed with long or rarely gland-tipped hairs. Corolla tubular or

ovoid-tubular. Anther-cells connate at the base. Stigma simple or capitate.

b. Calyu-tube usually much longer than or at least equalling the 4 equal teeth,

4-angled or 8-ribbed, thin, coriaceous or fleshy.

XI. Simocheilus.—Bracts 0, 1 or 8. Corolla tubular, tubular-campanulate or

_funnel-shaped. Stiyma minute, simple, thickened or capitate.

ili Corolla equally 2-lobed, tubular or funnel-shaped. Anthers exserted,

Bae basifixed, bipartite.

XIV. Aniserica—Bracts0. Calyx campanulate or tubular-campanulate, equally

KV. Sympieea.—Bracts 0 or rarely 2. Calyz of the lower or of allthe flowers

ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA. 1125

++ Ovary with 4 compressed angles, 1-celled with 4 ovules pendulous from the

top of a central placenta free from the wall of the ovary.

Xa. Thamnus.—Bracts 3. Calyx campanulate, equally 4-toothed, Corolla

obovoid or subureeolate. Stamens 4, free, exserted. Capsule 4-valved,

+t+t Ovary 1-celled. Ovule solitary, pendulous, Corolla 4-lobed or 4-toothed,

(See under Coccosperma.) :

t Stamens 8, included.

XITIA. Eremiopsis.—Bracts 8. Calyx deeply and equally 4-lobed. Corolla

campanulate, Stamens free ; anther-cells dorsifixed, separated by the crutch-

like spot of the filaments. Style bent down upon the side of the ovary ; stigma

simple.

XVI. Lepterica.—Bracts 0. Calyx equally 4-lobed. Corolla minute, obconic.

Staminal filaments connate at the base; anthers connate. Style stout, soon

enlarging and blending with the young fruit so that the large peltate stigma

appears sessile,

tt Stamens 3-4, rarely 5.

§ Corolla mostly 1-2} (occasionally #) lin. long, 3-4-lobed. Anthers always

exserted when mature, free. Stigma small, simple, thickened or

capitate. (See also Acrostemon eriocephalus. )

XII. Syndesmanthus.— Bracts 0, 1 or 3. Calyx variable in shape, equally 3-4-

toothed ; tube with or without 8-4 angles, thin or coriaceous, scarcely or not at

all enlarging in fruit.

XIIf. Anomalanthus.—Zracts 8. Calyx at first very small, campanulate,

equally 4-toothed, fleshy, becoming much enlarged, very thick and ovoid

cylindric or subglobose in fruit, rarely 4-angled.

§§ Corolla minute, mostly }-3 (rarely 2) lin. long. Anthers included or partly

exserted, free or connate. Stigma large, peltate or crater-like.

XVIII. Scyphogyne.—Bracts 0. Calya unequally or occasionally equally 3-4-

lobed, often angular, not fleshy.

** Corolla and stamens arising from the middle or lower part of the ovary,

which is half-inferior to it, but free from the calyx.

XIX. Lagenocarpus.—Bracts 0. Calyx obconic or campanulate, unequally _

4-toothed. Corolla minute, campanulate. Stamens 7-8, connate, included. Ovary

I-celled, with 4-5 ovules pendulous from near the apex of a central free placenta.

ERICA. In the key to the genus delete the following :—

page 12, line 35 :—(in 44 ¢ unknown) :

page 13, lines 37-40 :—Corolla about 19 lin. long, nearly

glabrous, red... ye Ra a (45) curviflora, var. ¢.

e 14, lines 18-19 :—Leaves glabrous ; corolla abou

piigblshes lin. long ... ae sa ..- (45) ecurviflora, var. ¢.

45. Erica curviflora (Linn.). From the geography on p. 72,

line 11, delete :—Var. ¢, Mund d& Maire!

94. Erica tubercularis (Salisb.). Add to the synonymy :—Erica

-inelyta, Soland. ex Salish. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 330,

1126 ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA,

117. Erica. heliophila (Guthrie and Bolus). This. should: be

E. heleophila (Guthrie and Bolus). :

196. Erica Mundii (Guthrie and Bolus). Delete the following :—

page 151, line 9 from the bottom :—or even all the leaves, ete.

page 152, line 6 :—mountains near Voormans Bosch, Zeyher, 3258 !

ge 152, lines 8-12 :—The different aspect of the broad- or narrow-leaved forms is

sometimes puzzling; but the characters of the flowers are

fairly constant. . . . The narrow-leaved forms are

probably the result ofa drier season.

209. Erica polifolia (Salisb.). Add to the synonymy :—Bleria

caduca, Thunb.? Diss. Bleria, 10.

218. Erica nudiflora (Linn,). Add to the synonymy :—Erica

pusilla, Thunb. Prodr. 70, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 347. Bleria

nudiflora, Thunb. Diss. Bleria, 6.

230a. Erica (§ Pyronium) recta (Bolus in Trans. 8. Afr. Philos.

Soc. xvi. 397); branches and branchlets very straight, erect, and

approximate, the former pale cinereous, smooth and nearly glabrous,

7-8 in. or more long, the latter always axillary and verticillate in

threes, internodes from 3 lin. to 1} in. long, slightly spreading and

then straightly ascending, simple or again sparingly and similarly

branched, closely leafy to the summit, puberulous, }-3 in. long ;

leaves 3-nate, erect, closely imbricate, the younger twice longer, the

older } or } longer, than the internodes, very shortly petiolate, oblong

or broadly linear, subobtuse, glabrous, suleate below, margins naked,

very slightly inflexed, 1-1? lin. long; flowers terminal, normally

3-nate, sometimes 2, or solitary at the ends of the branchlets, few,

spreading or deflexed, rosy, discoloured (yellowish) on the limb of

the corolla ; pedicels stoutish, white-tomentose, rosy, 1-13 lin. long ;

bracts all closely approximate, slightly spreading, lanceolate,

scarious below, tipped with a foliaceous or coloured callus, about

1 lin. long; sepals like the bracts but broader and somewhat

unequal, lanceolate to ovate, the callous tip more distinctly

channelled and mostly rosy, 13 lin, long, from }—2 the length of the

corolla ; corolla ovate-urceolate, throat slightly contracted, mouth

rather glabrous, 24-2? lin. long ; segments spreading, semiorbicular,

minutely ciliolate, about } the length of the tube; anthers semi-

exserted (probably at length fully exserted) lateral, longitudinally

narrow-semiovate, smooth, # lin. long, aristate at the base; pore

+ the length of the cell; awns free, straightly deflexed, about } the

length of the cell ; style exserted, stoutish ; stigma capitellate ; ovary

globose, glabrous, lobed ; ovules in each cell numerous, very minute.

_. Coast. Recion: Ladismith Div, on the Little Zwartberg Range neat Vaartwel

_ and the Gamka River, 3000 ft., Marloth, 3993 !

_ Structurally near to £. wnilateralis, but with larger flowers, free anther-awns

anda glabrous ovary. ‘The remarkabiy straight ternate branches and very regular

Jeaves would, if. they should prove constant, distinctly charueterise this

ap BeanSy, 8 oe) ee ae

Fee Te aL a oo

ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA. 4127

241. Erica leta (Bartl.). Add as a synonym :—E,. rubens, Lodd..

Bot. Cab. t. 557% :

256. Erica subdivaricata (Berg.). Add to the synonymy :—E.

paniculata, Wendl. ea Steud. Nomenel. ed. 2, i. 577.

286. Erica odorata (Andr.). Add to the synonymy :—E. Beau-

montia, Andr, Heathery, t. 253, and Col. Heaths, t. 222. E.

beaumontiana, Rolliss. ex Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1686.

_ 329. Erica microcodon (Guthrie & Bolus). For (Ecklon & Zeyher ?)

in Cape Govt. Herb.! read Zeyher, 3258 !

- 840. Erica incurva (Wendl.). Add to the synonymy :—Blzria

brunizxfolia, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 805.

343. Erica turmalis (Salisb.). Add synonym :—Bleria turmalis,

G. Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 805.

358. Erica physantha, var. 8, aristulata (Bolus) ; anthers

shortly aristulate.

Coast Recion: Prince Albert Div. ; rocky places in the Zwartberg Pass,

5000 ft., Bolus, 11596!

Interesting as being the solitary exception to muticous anthers in this section.

In every other respect the specimens agree with Burchell’s type.

388. Erica chlamydiflora (Salisb.). In the synonymy after E.

viscaria, Roxb. ex Salish. l.c. add not of Linn,

1. Philippia leeana (Klotzsch). Add to the synonymy :—Salaxis

leeana, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 1260.

3. Philippia Chamissonis (Klotzsch). Add to the synonymy :—

Salaxis Chamissonis, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 1260.

1. Ericinella multiflora (Klotzsch). Add to the synonymy :—

Salaxis multiflora, Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 1261.

2. Bleria fuscescens (Klotzsch), Add to the synonymy :—Bleria

trigona, Wendl. ex Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2, i. 208.

7. Bleria purpurea (Linn. f.). Add to the synonymy :—Bleria

qlabella, Wendl. Collect. ii. 47, t. 55.

COILOSTIGMA, Klotzsch. The last two lines of the key on p. 327

should read :-—

. Branchlets subflexuose ; corolla less than 1 lin, long... (3) zeyherianum.

Branchlets straight ; corolla more than I lin. long... (4) dregeanum.

4. Coilostigma dregeanum (Klotzsch in Linnza, xii. 235). The

_ following description should replace that given on p. 328 ;—Branch- |

1128 ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA.

lets slender, erect, very little spreading from the erect straight

branches, densely puberulous, greyish; leaves 3-nate, 1$-24 lin.

long with the petiole, erect, imbricate or shorter than the internodes,

linear, acute, glabrous, minutely and irregularly subdenticulate ;

flowers in axillary and terminal clusters of 3-7, mostly crowded at

_ the ends of the branchlets ; pedicels up to } lin. long; bracts none ;

calyx unequally 4-partite, the shorter sepals about } and the longer

(leaf-like) about } as long as the corolla, linear, obtuse, glabrous,

minutely ciliate ; corolla nearly 14 lin. long, oblong-ovoid, contracted

at the mouth, glabrous; teeth broader than long, rounded,

incurved ; stamens 4; anthers partly or wholly exserted, } lin.

long, oblong with parallel sides and a broad apical notch, truncate

at the base, spurless ; ovary compressed-orbicular, 2-celled, glabrous ;

stigma peltate, 4-angled, with a central projection. Benth, in DC.

Prodr, vii. 708.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Dréye, 7753 !

Described from the type in the Berlin Herbarium. This may be only a form of

C, zeyherianum, but more material is required to decide. It seems to differ in the

straighter less spreading stems and branchlets and longer corolla. The main stem

of the type is rather stouter than that of the specimens of C. zeyherianum I have

seen, but the branchlets are quite as slender as in that, but not flexuose.

1. Thoracosperma paniculatum (Klotzsch). Add to the

synonymy :—Simocheilus quadriflorus, Benth. eax Steud. Nom. Bot. ed.

2, 11, 589 (an error for S. quadrifidus, Benth.).

EREMIA, D. Don. To the generic characters add :—Anthers

free, dorsifixed close to the base ; cells free, contiguous, opening by

lateral elongated pores.

PLATYCALYX, N. E. Br. To the generic characters add :—

Anthers basifixed, bipartite.

GRISEBACHIA. Insert in the key on p. 338 after (14)

plumosa :—

Calyx-lobes ciliate with long gland-tip hairs ;

Tovey glabrous oe oy Se nls ... (14a) Pentheri.

7. Grisebachia dregeana, var. vestita (Zahlbr. in Ann. Nat.

Hofmus. Wien, xx. 43); leaves persistently whitish-pubescent and

with a gland-tipped hair at the apex; calyx-lobes oblong-lanceolate,

a little smaller and narrower than in the type; corolla 1} lin, long.

Coast Reaton: Clanwilliam Div. ; Olifants River Valley, Penther, 2917.

14a. Grisebachia Pentheri (Zahlbr. in Ann. Nat. Hofmus. Wien,

xx. 42, t, II. fig. iii, 14-22); a shrublet about 10 in. high;

branchlets at first hairy, becoming glabrous, with a brownish-grey

bark ; leaves 3-nate, oblong or oblong-ovate, obtuse or subacute,

slightly tuberculate and beset with rigid hairs; flower-heads 4-5

lin. in diam., 8-16-flowered, terminal ; pedicels about 4 lin. long,

ous ; bracts 3, unequal, subscarious with green thickened tips,

lle one broadly ovate, all ciliate with gland-tipped hairs, —

ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA, 1129

otherwise glabrous ; calyx | lin. long, obconic-campanulate, 4-angled,

scarious, lobed to less than half-way down, glabrous, ciliate on the

broadly triangular acute lobes with long gland-tipped hairs ; corolla

up to 2 lin. long, constricted near the top of the hairy (puberulous ?)

tube; lobes $ as long as the tube, broadly triangular, glabrous ;

stamens 4, not exceeding the corolla-lobes ; filaments shortly hairy ;

anthers with diverging scabrous cells ; ovary glabrous ; style much

exserted ; stigma capitate.

Coast Reaton : Clanwilliam Div. ; Elandsfontein, Penther, 2925.

The leaves are described as rather more than 1} in. (8°5 cm.) long and $ lin.

broad, but in the figure of natural size are represented as about 3 lin. long. The

corolla-tube is also represented as glabrous.

OLEACES.

For the generic key on p. 479, substitute the following :—

I. Jasminum.-—Shrubs. Corolla salver-shaped ; lobes 5-12, contorted.

Stamens included, Fruit a twin berry.

II, Schrebera.—Shrubs, Corolla salver-shaped. Stamens exserted. Fruit a

woody capsule splitting lengthwise,

III, Menodora.—Small under-shrubs. Corolla funnel-shaped. Fruit of 2 globose

membranous capsules splitting across.

TV. Olea.—Trees or shrubs. Corolla deeply 4-lobed ; lobes induplicate-valvate.

Fruit a drupe,

6a. Olea macrocarpa (C. H. Wright); branches terete, slender,

greyish, lenticillate ; leaves lanceolate tapering to both ends, 2 in.

long, 4 in. wide just below the middle, dark shining green above,

paler and finely and minutely dotted beneath, glabrous, thickened

and revolute at the entire margins; petiole 4 lin. long, channelled

above, verrucose beneath ; panicles terminal on the branches, many-

flowered, 14 in. in diam. ; calyx 1 lin. in diam., cupular, shortly and

bluntly 4-dentate, puberulous on the edge ; corolla nearly 3 times as

long as the calyx; lobes oblong, obtuse, cucullate ; fruit oblong,

9 lin. long, 4 lin. in diam.

Katanart Region: Transvaal; Zoutpansberg, ‘‘ D.F.0.,” 4329! forest near

Pilgrims Rest, Grenfell, 869 !

9. Olea listeriana (Sim ex Lister in Rep. Conserv. For, Cape for

1897, 98, without description).

The ‘* Umgogunya”’ of the Kaffrarian Coast Forests.

ASCLEPIADE.

In the generic key, p. 524, line 36, for

+tCorona of 5 broad bifid lobes, etc.,

read :-— — | ;

+#Corona of 5 dorsally flattened bifid or entire lobes, with a long linear-filiform

or linear-lanceolate appendage on the inner face, eek ghee

strike out the other two lines as printed. _

1130 ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA.

Periploca multiflora (Burm. Prodr. Fl. Cap. 7); name only,

without description. ;

Woodia singularis. The key-characters of this species on p. 561

should read :—

Corona-lobes subquadrate with square shoulders or

rhomboid and angular above the middle, with a ;

thick incurved obtuse middle point ae ... (3) singularis.

Woodia singularis (N. E. Br.). P. 563, line 10 from the bottom,

insert after the word “ shoulders ” :—or rhomboid-oblong and angular

above the middle. Line 9 from the bottom, for ‘and about | lin.

long,” read :—about 1-1} lin. long.

XYSMALOBIUM. For the key-characters of (11) orbiculare, on

p- 565, substitute :—

Leaves usually oblong or elliptic, rarely lanceolate or

ovate, glabrous ; stem stout, simple :

Umbels numerous and racemosely arranged along

the stem .., see son is vik ... (11) orbiculare.

Umbels 2, rising to the same level ... Hee ... (lla) Woodii.

3. Xysmalobium carinatum (N. E. Br.). Add to the syno-

nymy : Gomphocarpus carinatus, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1904, 258,

in note.

9. Xysmalobium undulatum (R. Br.). The locality “Alex-

andria Div. ; Zuurberg Range, Burke /” should read :— |

CENTRAL ReEGion : Steynsburg Div. ; Zuurberg Range, Burke !

lla. Xysmalobium Woodii (N. E. Br.) ; stem solitary, about 6-8

in. high, 2 lin. thick, simple, puberulous (at least along 2 broad

lines) on the upper internodes, glabrous below ; leaves in 3 pairs on

the specimen seen, with the middle pair 44 in. long, 2 in. broad, the

upper and lower pairs smaller, oblong or the lower pair ovate-oblong,

obtuse or acute, truncate or rounded at the base, glabrous on both

sides ; petioles 1-2 lin. long; umbels 2, rising to the same level,

13-13 in. in diam., 16—20-flowered ; peduncle of the lower usibel

1} in. and of the upper 3 in, long, puberulous, erect ; bracts 1-1)

lin. long, subulate-filiform ; pedicels about 5 lin. long, minutely

puberulous ; sepals 24-3 lin. long, linear-lanceolate, acute, minutely

puberulous ; corolla lobed nearly to the base, subcampanulate or

the lobes campanulately spreading and 4—5 lin. long, 24-24 lin.

broad, oblong or elliptic-oblong, obtuse, concave, glabrous on both

sides and not ciliate, apparently white with purple tips and the base

on the back also purplish; corona-lobes arising } lin. up the

staminal column, erect, contiguous, 1} lin. long and nearly as

broad, subquadrate, very obtuse, cordate or with a notch at the

® base, thick and fleshy, apparently rounded on the back, =

ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA. 1131

flattish, with a rather deep longitudinal groove on each side of the

mid-line down the inner face; staminal column 1? lin. long ;

anther-appendages erect or erectly-spreading under the large dilated

ag a flattened style-apex, which partly overhangs the corona-

obes. q

Eastern Recton: Natal; near Van Reenen, 5000-6000 ft., Wood, 10830!

This very distinct species is very unlike any other in the genus.

3. Periglossum kassnerianum (Schlechter). Delete from the

geography :—Miss Pegler, 1022! as this number rightly belongs to

Parapodium simile.

SCHIZOGLOSSUM. In the key-characters of (80) virgatum on

p. 595 for “ corolla-lobes } lin. long,” read :—Corolla-lobes ? lin. long.

Schizoglossum. In the key on p. 596, the paragraph next after

(56) biflorum should read :— ieehed |

_ Corona-lobes ovate or oblong-ovate, tapering or abruptly contracted into a point

shorter to longer than the appendage.

Schizoglossum. ‘The key-character of (64) glabrescens on p. 597

should read :—Stem with 10-30 leafy nodes, instead of 10-16 as

printed.

Schizoglossum. The key-characters on p. 599 relating to (81)

loreum should be altered to :—

Corolla-lobes puberulous on the inver face :

Corolla greenish ; stem often branched ase ,.. (64) glabrescens.

Corolla blackish-purple ; stem simple ee ... (81) loreum.

73. Schizoglossum parvulum (Schlechter). Line 2 from the

bottom, after ‘“ Eastern Region” insert :—Var. 6.

ASCLEPIAS. For the key-characters on p. 665, **** Corona-

lobes without a keel, flap, horn, &c., as printed, substitute :—

*# Corona-lobes without a keel, flap, horn or other process

(but sometimes puberulous) within the cavity :

‘Umbels sessile, 2 lateral, 1 terminal ; leaves linear .., (21a) reenensis.

_ Umbels all distinctly pedunculate :

Leaves remarkably crisped-undulate, ete. ... (42) crispa.

Leaves not undulate, etc.

2la. Asclepias reenensis (N. E. Br.) ; tuber {-1 in. long, 4—5 lin.

thick ; stems solitary, erect, about 10 in. high and } lin. thick at

the base in the only specimen seen, puberulous all round ; leaves

below the flowering part in 6 pairs, erect, subsessile, 7-15 lin. long,

3 lin. broad, linear, acute, with revolute margins, puberulous on

: terminal, sessile, 2—-5-flowered ;

both sides ; umbels 2 lateral and 1

1132 ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA,

pedicels 3-5 lin. long, slender, shortly villous-pubescent ; sepals

wbout 1} lin. long, narrowly lanceolate-attenuate, very acute,

pubescent ; corolla lobed nearly to the base, “brown” (Wood) ;

lobes spreading, 24 lin, long, 11 lin. broad when flattened out,

narrowly elliptic, minutely notched at the acutely pointed apex,

narrowed at the base, replicate or with reflexed sides, pubescent on

the back, glabrous on the inner face ; corona-lobes arising } lin. up

the staminal column rather more than 1 lin, high and ? lin. broad

weross the side, compressed-cucullate, with the dorsal (lower)

margin convexly curved and incurved at its apex and the sides pro-

duced into erect deltoid obtuse teeth rising to the level of or

slightly exceeding the staminal column, without a tooth or process

in the cavity, glabrous, “yellow and white” (Wood); staminal

column about 1} lin. long.

EastTerN Reaion : Natal ; near Van Reenen, 5000-6000 ft., Wood, 8635!

The affinity of this species is with A. cognata, N. E. Br., A. flava, N. E. Br.,

and A, schizoglossoides, Schlechter, but the corona-lobes are different in form aud 3

have no process within the cavity. In habit and general appearance, apart from

the size and structure of the flowers, it greatly resembles and might be easily

Hates for a Schizoglossum allied to S, Buchanani, N. E. Br., or S. pilosum,

D echter,

CEROPEGIA. In the key-characters on p. 807 after (17)

radicans, for “Corolla-tube 5-9 lin. long,” read :—-Corolla-tube

6~10 lin. long,

Ceropegia. For the key-characters of (22) Caffrorum as printed

on p. 808, read :—

Stem twining or more rarely straight and pendulous or

prostrate, seldom bearing tubers; leaves often

longer than broad :

Stem 4-14 lin. thick ; corolla-lobes entirely blackish-

purple, ciliate, otherwise glabrous ....,... (22) Caffrorum.

Stem 4-$ lin, thick ; corolla-lobes green, with an

oblique blackish-purple band near the middle,

pilose with long deflexed purple hairs on the ‘

inner surface ae ae ia: Pe ... (22a) barbertonensis.

22a. Ceropegia barbertonensis (N. E. Br.) ; rootstock a tuber ;

stem slender, }-3 lin. thick, twining, glabrous, sometimes producing

tubers at the nodes ; leaves fleshy, but thin, rather rigid when alive ;

petiole 3-6 lin. Jong, marked with a slender blackish-purple ring

at their base; blade 7-14 lin. long, 3-14 lin. broad, ovate to

lanceolate, with a cordate, subcordate, rounded or cuneate base,

acute, Wavy or sometimes flat at the margins, glabrous, deep green

or variegated with pale greenish along the veins above, pale green,

with a darker midrib beneath, not shining ; veins not conspicuous

on either side; ,

‘flowered, glabrous; pedicels 24-3 lin. long, glabrous; sepé

peduncles lateral at the nodes, 2-3} lin. long, — a 7

ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA. 1133

curved, ellipsoid-inflated and 2} lin. in diam. at the base, cylindric

and 1 lin. in diam. above, enlarging to 24-3 lin. in diam. at the

funnel-shaped mouth, outside glabrous, nearly white at the base,

very pale greenish above, inside thinly covered with deflexed white

hairs except in the inflated base, where it is. glabrous and marked

with numerous minute greyish-green tubercles; lobes connivent-

erect, connate at the tips, 3-3} lin. long, somewhat spathulate-

linear from a deltoid base, being slightly broadened at the tips, as

is best seen when in bud, closely replicate, keeled down the inner

face and there covered with long deflexed purple hairs, glabrous on

the back, light green at the base, rather darker green at the upper

part, with an oblique transverse blackish-purple band just below the

middle and a few dots below it ; outer corona white, with 5 rounded

sinuses or slight pockets alternating with 5 deltoid obtuse teeth

} lin. long adnate to the back of the base of the inner corona-lobes

and rising to about the level of the staminal column ; inner corona-

lobes white, 11 lin. long, flat, tapering below into a stalk-like base

and from about the middle into fine subulate points, slightly

divergent-erect, straight, not recurved at the tips, free or sometimes

all connate at the middle and forming a sort of narrowly funnel-

shaped basket above the staminal column. :

Katauarr Region: Transvaal; Woodbush, Swierstra, 3990! from near Barber-

ton, a living cultivated plant sent to Kew by Mr. W. Z. Gumbleton !

35. Brachystelma Galpinii (N. E. Br.). Specimens have now

been received which confirm the doubt expressed on p. 862 that

B. pallidum is only a slight form of. B. Galpinii, and should be con-

sidered as a synonym of that species, scarcely worth retaining even

as a variety.

15. Sebwa pusilla (Eckl.), var. major (A. W. Hill); much branched

above the base, 3-4) in. high ; branches slender, 1-3-flowered ;

leaves 3-4 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad, elliptic-ovate or linear, acute ;

calyx-segments 2-24 lin. long, lanceolate ; corolla-tube 4—45 lin.

long ; lobes 1} lin. long, }~1 lin. broad, obovate, subacute ; filaments

1}-14 lin. long, inserted 2 lin. above the base of the tube, stouter

and more sharply bent over at the apices than in type ; anthers

} lin. long ; style 2 lin. long.

Div. ; Banks of the Oliphants River near Clan-

Coast REGION: Clan n Herb. Albany Museum, Grahamstown.

william, in muddy soil, Leipoldt, 654! i

INDEX.

[SYNONYMS ARE PRINTED IN italics.)

Page Page : Page

Acocanthera . 499 | ANAGALLIS (con.) Apocynum (con.)

ACOKANTHERA, G. Don 499 sp, Drége . . . 429) cauliculis longissimis,

abyssinica, K. Schum. 500 | Aneylobothrys Tks, re OO"

Lamarkii,G. Don . 500 petersiana, Pierre . geet cordatum, Thunb. . 770

Schimperi, Schweinf. 500 var. —_forbesiana, erectum africanum,

sp. Bth. & Hook. f.. 501 Pierre . . 494, 495) Comm. 2... 4... 403

spectabilis, Hook. f.. 501 — rotundifolia, Pierre . | 494 | filiforme, Linn, f. . - 762

venenata, G@. Don . 501, Andromeda | fritillaricum — minus,

var. spectabilis,Sim 501 droseroides, Linn, . 113 PUN, fois 993

venenata, Schweinf, . 501) ANtseRtcA, N.E. Br. . 391 —_frutescens, ete., Burm. 695

AcCRosTEMON, Kl. . . 350° gracilis, V. 2. Br. . 391 —frutescens, etc., Pluk. 551

concinnus, WY. 2. Br. 351. var. hispida, NW. L£. hastatum, Thunb, . 761

equisetoides, A7., . 354) ae 891 — humile aizoides,Herm. 993

eriocephalus, V.L.Br, 355 Anisoroma, F enzl. . 865 | lanceolatum, Thunb.. 740

landulosus, Rach . 353| Arnottii,Bth.&Hk.f. 845 — /ineare, Linn. f. . . 740

irsutus, Kl. . . 352)! cordifolia, Fenzl. . 866 minutum, Linn, f, set Ok

incanus, Kl... . . 354) mollis, Schlechter . 866)| radice longa, Burm... 695

incurvus, Bth, . . 352) peduncularis, ; scandens africanum,

Schlechteri, V. 2. Br. 353 Schlechter. .. . 867 etc, Comm. .. 749

viscidus, N. 2. Br. . 355)/ pedunculata, NV. £, . triflorum, Linn, f. . 548

AbEentum, Roem. &Sch, 513 Bh. ce ie 6.4 BO |: Olnle Ba... 786

bwhmianum, Schinz . 514 | Anisotomaria Apoaydanthera

multiflorum, A/, . 514| mollis, Pres) . . . 866)| pubescens, Hochst. . 539

namaquanum, tid 516 | Anistome Arbutus

oleifolium, yf . 514! mollis, Schlechter . 866) foliis lanceolatis, ete.,

somatense, Balt f 514 | Annularia Linh. sa a 402

swazicum, Stapf . 513| natalensis, Hochst. . 508 | Arduina .

Adenopogon ANOMALANTHUS, Kl, . 384) acuminata, E. Meyer 499

stellarioides, Welw. . 1119| an uliger, NYE. Br. 389 bispinosa, Linn. . . 499

ANAGALLIS, Linn. . . 428| collinus, V. Z. Br. . 386) erythrocarpa, Eckl. . 499

arabica, Duby . . 429) curviflorus, N. , Br. 386) ferow,E, Meyer . . 409

- arvensis, Zinn. . . 428) discolor, K/.. . . 387, grandiflora, E. Me 498

var, coerulea, Gren. | Galpini, N. £. Br. . 387 hematocarpa, Eckl... 499

§ Godr., . . 429 Marlothii, W. B. Br. 386! macrocarpa, Eckl. . 498

capensis, E, Meyer . 429 parviflorus, N. 2. Br. 387 ASCLEPIADEH = 18, 1129

cerulea, Schreb.. . 429' een N.E. Br. 388 Ascumpras, Linn, . . 663_

Hutton, Harv. . . 429 ius, K/. . 888) acerateoides,

var. nummularia, a tus, W.E. Br. 389 Schlechter . . 576

Hate. 6. «is 499), "ANTHOCLEISTA, Afz. . 1049) adscendens,

indica, Sweet . . 429 pulcherrime, Gilg . Schlechter, :

ee oor . . 429 zambesiaca, Baker . 1049) affinis, Schlechter — 1

_ pulchella, Salish. . 428 APOCYNACEH . . 490) africana aizoides, etc.,

“pai, eee ig (na, Comin, ; 988 .

1136

Page |

ASCLEPIAS (con.) | A

aizoides aphylla,

Moris. 2 kt

aizoides cauliculis, etc., |

MOM 6 i OST |

albens, Schlechter 709

anisophylla, Conr, &

aphylla, Thunb. 754, 756 |

appendiculata, |

' Schlechter . 722

arborea, Salish. 695

arborescens, Linn. 695

aurea, Schlechter 685

> var. vittata, NV. HE. |

Bi RLS 686 —

var. brevicuspis,

oaks S. Moore 686 |

aurea, Schlechter 648 |

bicuspis, WN. B. Br. . 675

brevicuspis, |

Schlechter, . . 681)

brevipes, Schlechter = 677 |

—— huchenaviana, Schinz 689

Burehellii, Schlechter 690

—-- Calecolus, 8. Moore . 697

| caneellata, Burm. f. . 695

Schlechter . «567

ciliatc, Murray . 573

-cognata, VN. B. Br. . 687,

concinna, Schlechter 712)

concolor, Schlechter . 730

confusa, Schlechter . 574°

convolvulacea, Willd. 759

Cooperi, N. £. Br. 2 707

crassifolia, Hort. Par. 695

crassifolia, Linn. =. 692

crassinervis, V.£.2r. 671

erinita, V. £. Br. . 698

erispa, Berg. . 703, 1131

var. plana, N. 2. Br. 704

var. pseudocrispa,

Ns Be Bre oe te

eucullata, Schlechter 671 —

eultriformis, Harv. . 698

dealbata, Schlechter . 729

decipiens, VY. . Br. 689 |

densiflora, N. Z. Br. 705)

depressa, Schlechter . 712

disparilis, VN. Z. Br. 680.

dissona, V. 2. Br. 682,

dregeana, Schlechter 696 |

var. Calceolus, NV. £.

Be ee BT

INDEX.

Page

| ASCLEPIAS (con.)

Page |

SCLEPIAS (coi.)

expansa, Schlechter . 672

fallax, Schlechter 706

filiformis, Bth &

Hook. f. 689 |

var. buchenaviana,

N. EB. Br. 689 |

filiformis, Linn. f. 618 |

flagellaris, Bolus 689 |

Flanaganii,

Schlechter, 702 |

flava, NV. E. Br. . 687 |

flexuosa, Schlechter . 680°

fruticosa, Linn. . 691 |

fruticosa, Mill. 693 |

Galpinii, Schlechter = 718 |

geminata, Roxb. 783

geminiflora,

Schlechter . . 730)

Gerrardii, Schlechter = 737)

gibba, Schlechter 683 |

var, media, NV. /. |

ms ee eee

glabra, Mill. . 692 | -

glaucophylla,

Schlechter . 696 |

gomphocarpoides,

Schlechter. - 570

grandiflora, Linn. t.

564, 734

var. chrysantha,

Schlechter . 735

harveyana, Schlechter 580

hastata, Schlechter . 702

humilis, Schlechter. 701

insignis, Schlechter . 752

linearis, Schlechter

736, 737 |

Mackenii, Schlechter 733

maera, Schlechter . 670

macrochila,Schlechter 726

macropus, Schlechter 711

meliodora, Schlechter 699

var, brevicoronata,

Re Be BRS OO,

meyeriana, Schlechter 678

monticola, V. Z. Br. 700

mucronata, Thunb, . 562

multicaulis,

Schlechter. . . 679

multiflora, VW. £. Br. 718

muricata,Seh, & Thonn. 759

navicularis,

Schlechter . .

i et

orbicularis, Schlechter

557, 575

oxytropis, Schlechter 68+

pachyglossa,

Schlechter 578

pachystephana,

Schlechter 618

patens, NV. E. Br. 674

peltigera, Schlechter 674

peltigera, Schlechter 803

physocarpa,

Schlechter. . . 692

premorsa, Schlechter 673

pubescens, Linn. « 695

rara, N. £. Br. . 699

rectinervis, Schlechter ~ 574

728

reenensis, V. 2, Br. 1131

reflectens, Schlechter’ “721

repanda, Steud. . 704

rigida, Schlechter 719

rivularis, Schlechter . 694

rotundifolia, Jil. 694

sabulosa, Schlechter . 713

salicifolia, Salisb. B92

scabra, Schlechter 720

scabridifolia,

Schlechter 576

scandens, Beauv.. 759

schinziana, Schlechter

- schizoglossoides,

Schlechter. + +

Schlechteri, V. £. Br. 714

simplex, Schlechter -— 676

sinuost, Burm.f. + |

stellifera, Schlechter

stockenstromensis, :

Schlectiter*. S78.

suaccolens, Schlechter 670

sulphurea, 8. Moore - ‘518

sulphurea, Schlechter 577

tenuiflora, Schlechter 730

tenuifolia, Schlechter 736 —

tenuis, Schlechter . 618

transvaalensis,

Schlechter 731

tysoniana, Schlechter ibe bes

ulophylla, Schlechter 702.

undulata, Linn, 564,

undulata, Murr. - +

velutina, Schlechter. 67

cestita, Hook. ae ie 695

vealata, Schlechter.

vicarta, W, BeBe.

704

INDEX. 1137

Page Page | Page

Aspidoglossum (con.) BL2&RIA (con.) BLa&:RIA (con.)

fasciculare, E. Meyer 630 campanulata, Benth. 324)! scabra,Drége . . 325

heterophyllum, capitata, Thunb... . 363 scabra, Wendl. . . 364

BE. Meyer.) 29 624 | |) earned, R860. = soabra, Willds’). 25 868

virgatum, E. Meyer . 642) ciliaris, Linn. f. . . 348 ~~ serrata,Thunb. . . 418

AstepHanus, R, Br, . 547| ciliciiflora,G.Don . 342 _ sessilifora, Wendl. . 361

badius, E. Meyer. . 769| coccinea, Kl.. . . 321 Thunbergii,G.Don . 353

cordatus,R. Br. . . 770| depressa,Drége . . 391 — trigona, Wendl. . . 1127

dumosus, Dietr. . . 784 depressa, Lichts.. . 364 turmalis,G.Don . 1127

frutescens, E, Meyer 546/| dumosa, Wendl.. . 323 sxeranthimifolia,

Fruticosus, Steud, . 546 var. breviflora, G. Don. .. « -% S86

fanceolatus, R. Br. . 740 N. E. Bre . . 823 Blairia

linearis, R. Br. . . 740| equsetifolia,G.Don. 323 carnea, Dietr. . . 360

marginatus, Decne . 547| eriantha, Willd.. . 380 ciliaris, Dietr. .. B39

Massoni, Schultes . 556 ericoides, Drtge . . 391 coccinea, Dietr. . . 322

pauciflorus, E. Meyer ‘548 var. pallida,G.Don 384) fuscescens, Dietr. . 321

triforus, R. Br.. . 548} fasciculata, Drege . 364) glabella, Dietr. . 3864

Zeyheri, Turcz, . . 548| fasciculata, Sieb. . . 325| incana, Dietr. . 344

Atherstonea fasciculata, Willd. . 363) multiflora, Dietr, . 361

decussata, Pappe . 1051 fastigiata, Benth. . 321) parviflora, Dietr. . 388

Aulostephanus flava, Bolus . . . 3822) paucifolia, Spreng. . 377

natalensis, Schlechter 850 flexuosa, Benth. . . 324) purpurea, Dietr. 323, 388

Azmma, Lam. . . . 489] fuscescens, K/ 320,1127| revoluta, Dietr. . . 326

tetracantha, Lam. . 489] glabella,Drége . . 323) Blepharophylium

var. laxior, Wright 490) glabella, Wendl... . 1127) divaricatum, Kl.. . 410

Bzxobotrys glabella, Willd. . . 363 | Bowcerosia

rufescens, E. Meyer . 432 var. bartlingiana, incarnata, N. E. Br.. 882

Barleria Kl... .. . 864] mammillaris,N.E. Br. 875

rigida, Spreng. . . 517 var. thunbergiana, Brachycheila

rowia KL 24 16. 42°: 868 | pubesoens, Hares. . 462

jasminiflora, Decne . 785 glabra, Thunb. . . 371 BracuysteLma, R. Br. 833

Belmontia gracilis, Bartl. . . 391{| Arnotii, Baker . . 845

cordata, E. Meyer . 1075! grandis, N. Z. Br. . 320| Barberw, Schlechter 864

var. intermedia, hirsuta, Licht. . . 377] Barberiz, Harv... . 864

Griseb. . . . 1076! Airsuta, Thunb. . . 353| Bolusii, ¥. #2. Br. . 859

var. micrantha, incana, Bartl. . . 344; caffrum, W. 2. Br. . 846

Griseb. .-. . 1075| jucunda, Reichb.. . 323| caffrum, Schlechter . 843

var. micrantha, kraussiana, Ki. . . 326! campanulatum, X. Z.

E. Meyer . 1076 | mucosa, G. co we me Br. gt es

ii, inz 1092 muiti; ee caudatum, N. my

poe eae oa ‘ 408! cinereum, V. £. Br. 862

intermedia, Knobl. . 1076| nodiflora, G. Don ; 346 | circinatum, Marloth. 779

micrantha, Gilg . 1075| nudiflora, Thunb. . 1126) circinatum, 2. Meyer 858

natalensis, Schinz 1094| panicr cae ag y es Comaru, te ee “ 782

M 1002 iflora ‘ commixtum, NW. £.

Ce ety E. Meyer parviflora, on —vigapaeget ae

bispinosa, E. Meyer . 517, paucifolia, Ries

succulenta, E. Meyer. 517 paucifolia, Wendl.

grandis, E. Meyer . 1094| muscosa, Ait.

376| comptum, V. E. Br, 854

376| crispum, Grahk. . . 839

340| decipiens, V. 2. Br. 842

388 distinctum, N\. #. Br. 862

363 elongatum, V. £. Br, 862

erianthum, Sehlechter 838

- filiforme, Harv. . . 856

flavidum, Schlechter 846

fetidum, Schlechter. 840

Galpinii, VY. EB. Br. a

—- 860, 1133

Gerrardi, Harv. . . 851

affinis, NV, BE, Br. 325 | ptilota, ers

aggregata, Wendl,

Bummer, Linn,. . . 319| plumosa,Thunb.. . 348) crispum, 2. Meyer . 865

albida, Thunb. . . 408| purpurea, Berg...

1138

BRACHYSTELMA (con.)

Buddlea

Page |

| Buddlea (con.)

Jacq. . -« 1043)

INDEX.

Page

hirsutum, E. Meyer . 539 salvizfolia, Foureade 1047

Huttoni, VY. Z. Br. . 845 Buppvera, Linn. . 1045

longifolium, N. JL. auriculata, Benth. . 1047

Bg. aT yc lsae BOS | var. euryifolia,

macropetalum, NV. £. Prain . » » 1048]

Br. . « « « $52) lindleyana, Fortune . 1048

macrorrhizum, | pulchella, N. H. Br. 1048

E. Meyer. « 865 | salvizfolia, Pappe - 1047

mafekingense, V. £. _ | salvifolia, Lam... 1046

a 854 Woodii, Gilg. . 1048

meyerianum, | Buddleja

Schlechter. . . 942| saligna, Willd. . . 1043

micranthum,E.Meyer 864 Bunburia |

nanum, V. BE, Br. . 848) _ elliptica, Harvi: 3s Tol

natalense, V. E. Br. 850 | Buacus

occidentale, Schlechter 849| africana folio oblongi-

oianthum, Schlechter 838 ort, Tamm: yo ey sa 498

ovatum, Oliv. . . 860| dioica, ¥orsk. «. - 435

pallidum, V. Z. Br. 861 | Callicarpa

prelongum, 8. Moore 844) paniculata, Lam. . 1043

pulchellum, Campanula

Schlechter. . . 847| porosa,Thunb. . . 451

pygmeum, VY. £. Br. 857 | Caniram

var. breviflorum, Vontac, Thouars . 1055

N.E. Br. . . 857|Capattuma, R.Br. . 872

ramosissimum, N. E. acutiloba, V. £. Br. 877

i eh ee BOS | ape, NOE. Br...» 887

Rehmannii, arenicola, V. E. Br. 885

Schlechter . . 840! arida, N. 2. Br.. . 879

Sandersoni, VY. ZL. armata, VN. E. Br. . 876

BEE hn tine AO chlorantha, Schlechter 886

schizoglossoides, V. E. compta, Schlechter . 1023

Bre . . . « 849) decora, Schlechter . 1020

_ schonlandianum, dependens, N. EZ. Br. 878

Schlechter. . 844 geminata, Schlechter 1019

sinuatum, E. Meyer . 778, Hottentotorum, NV. E.

spathulatum, Decne , 840 Breen sew: BS |

spatulatum, Lindl. 840 var.major, V.L.Br, 881

Thunbergii, VN. 2. Br, 843) incarnata, V. £. Br. 882

tuberosum, R. Br. . 841 var.alba, V. £. Br. 882

tuberosum, E. Meyer 843)| intermedia, Schlechter 877

undulatum, NV. E. Br. 859| inversa, N, E. Br. . 879

villosum, V. E. Br.. 863) linearis, N, Z, Br. . 883

virgatum, Dietr.. . 789| longicuspis, NV. E. Br. 884

Zeyheri, N. E. Br. . 855| longipes, N. Z. Br. . 887

Brachystelmaria lutea, VY. Z. Br. . 885

Gerrardi, Schlechter 852} mammillaris, N. Z.

longifolia, Schlechter 853 BR ge He in nee

macropetala, Marlothii, VN. Z. Br. 886

Schlechter . . 853, melanantha, NZ. Br. 885

natalensis, Schlechter 851 | parviflora, N. HE. Br. 878

occidentalis, Pillansii, NV. Z. Br... 876

Schlechter . . 849/| pruinosa, N. Z. Br,. 881

ramosissima, punetata, Schlechter. 1018

Schlechter . . 855| ramosa, N. E. Br. . 874

Brehmia serrulata, Schlechter 1020

spinosa, Harv. . . 1055| simulans, N.Z. Br. . 880

‘anissa, Lim, . « 496

| Page

CARISSA (con.)

Arduina, Zam, . 498:

bispinata, Lewin . 499

bispinosa, Desf. . 498:

edulis,

var. tomentosa,

Stapf . <i AOU

erythrocarpa, DO. . 498

ferox, DC. . 498:

grandiflora, A.DC. 497

hematocarpa, DC. 498

macrocarpa, A.DC. 498

myrtoides, Desf... « 498

oblongifolia, Hochst. 498,501

pilosa, Schinz. Ss 497

tomentosa, A. Rich. . 497

Wyliei, N. £. Br. 498:

Caruncularia

aperta, Sweet 888:

Jacquini, Sweet . 972:

Massoni, Sweet... + 972

pedunculata, Haw. 972

pendulifiora, Sweet . 972

serrata, Decne 1020

serrulata, G, Don 1020

Simsit, Sweet «Ss 972

Catharanthus

roseus,G. Don . + 505

Celastrus

crispus, Thunb. . - 469

oleoides, Lam. «+ 434

saorronale >

an ifolium, etc.,

i. ‘ ; 066, 1117

capense minus, etc.

ebay

minus aureun, Pluk. 1066

| perfoliatum

zthiopicum, Pluk. 1075

perfoliatum, etc., s

Burm... - » Wie

Crropreia, Linn. . - 804

africana, R. Bre. + 829

ampliata, Z. Meyer - 817

antennifera,

Schlechter. . ~ Sil

aphylla, Haw. . + 832

assimilis, W. FE. Br. - 824.

barbertonensis, NV. L.

Be ae eee

CEROPEGIA (con.)

Conrathii, Schlechter

Page | :

| CHILIANTHUS (con.)

831 |

erassifolia, Schlechter 818

crispata, V. E. Br. . 819

euryachme, Schlechter 825

Jiliformis, Oliv. . *30 |

fimbriata, Z. Meyer 816

Jimbriata, Schlechter 815

Haygarthii,Schlechter 813

hybrida, N. FE. Br. 833

infundibuliformis,

E, Meyer ~' . , 829

leptocarpa, Schlechter 832

linearis, L. Meyer 852

Meyeri, Decne 828

Monteirox, Hook, f.. 816

multiflora, Baker . 829°

var. latifolia, V. FE. |

Bee es &29

obscura, NV. LZ. Br. 827

pachystelma,

Schlechter . 827

pubescens, EK, Meyer. 28

radicans, le cr

819, 1132

Rendallii, N. H. Br. 814

Rudatisii, Schlechter 811

sagittata, Linn. . . 554

Sandersoni, Decne . 815

ndersoniw, Hook. . 815

Sandersonii,

K. Schum 815

- seabriflora, V. EF. Br. 810

setifera, Schlechter . 821

var. natalensis,

N. E. Br. 821

similis, N. E. Br, 833

Sinuata, Poir, . . 551

sororia, Haw. . . 809

stapelieformis, Harr. 812

ee ham |

Kk. Seh 4 813

teinithons Waits 551

tenuifolia, Linn. . 551)

tenuis, V. 2. Br. . 826

tomentosa, Schlechter 810

torulosa, Haw. . . 3833

torulosa, E. Meyer . 803

undulata, V. 2. Br.. 826

Woodi, Mast. . . 823

Woodii, Schlechter . 823

Woodii, Schlechter . 825

Zeyheri, Schlechter . 818

Cestrum

oppositifolium, Lam. , 500

venenatum, Thunb. , 500

Cnittantuus, Burch, . 1042

ores ADC. 31045

tus, ADC. . weed

ees A, DC.

INDEX.

Page

lobulatus, ADC. . 1044

oleaceus, Burch. .

triphylius, E. Meyer . 1040

CuironiA, Linn. . . 1096

angolensis, Schoch . 1108

angustifolia, Curt. . 1096

arenaria, Griseb,. =. 1100

arenaria, #. Meyer . 1100

var. mediocris,

Pran —,.-. eyukipo

baccata, Hoffmg. . 1099 —

baccifera, Linn... 1099 —

var. Burchellii,

PAM. 3 eee 1099

var. dilatata,

EH. Meyer 1099

var. dilatuta,

Schoth 72. 25/1099

var. elongata,

E. Meyer. . 1099

var. grandiflora,

Griseb. . « . 1099

baceifera, Zeyh. . . 1101

Buchmanui, Gilg =. 1108

Bansei, Pram. LL04 |

' burcluyuna, Hort. . 1109

caryophyliodes, Linn, 1006

decussuta, Vent... . 1096

densiflora, Scott Elliot 1107

dianthiflura, Hort. . 1096

Eeklonu, Schoch =, «1104

emarginata, /aroscz 1101

exigua, Vliv, . . 1070

Fischeri, Hort. . . 1112

tloribunda, Pawt. . 1112

Jrutescens, Linn, =. 1095

var. ungustifoliv,

Griseb. . .

var. glabra, Cham.

& Schl 6 41086 |

var. Airsutu, Cham.

fruticosa, UO, Kze —.. :1096

_ glutimosa, Paxt. . . 1116

gracilis, Suliso. . . 1102

var. macrocalyx,

Pram oe! es 102

ndijtora, Salisb. . 1096

jumilia, Baker &

NB. Bre yee so 8008

humilis, Gilg . . 1107

var. Wilmsii, Prain 1107

iwifera, Hort. . +1104

jasminoides, ade 1111 |

wre 1114

var. B, Banks. . 1113

var. lychnoides, — Le

_ Griseb. * . . 1113 i

«1043

Page

| CHIRONIA (con.)

jasminoides, Edw. =. 1114

jasminoides, Zinn. . 1110

var, multiflora,

Prain <a110

var. tabularis,

Prain . 1110

var. viminea,

Prain . 1110

jasminoides, Thunb.

1115, 1116

Krebsii, Griseb. . 1107

latifolia, Donn . 1096

latifolia, E. Meyer . 1110

laxa, Gilg es AID

linoides, Berg. . . 1101

linoides, Zinn, . . 1103

var. brevisepala,

Schoch . A401

var. longifolia,

Griseb. . - 1104

var. Zeyheri,

Grisebs Sy T1101

var.,Lam.. 1101, 1102

linoides, E. Meyer . 1103

var. subulata,

E. Meyer . . 1102

linoides, Thunb... . 1102

lychnoides, Berg. . 1103

lychnoides, Cham. &

Schl. . . 1101, 1102

lychnoides, Lam. —-.._:«:1116

lychnoides, Linn, =. -:1110

lychnoides, E. Meyer . 1110

lychnoides, Thunb, . 1113

maritima, Zek/l.. . 1113

var. frutescens,

Griseb. . Ten EM be

maritima, Griseb . 1112

maxima, Schoch. . 1105

mediocris, Schoch . 1100

melampyrifolia,

Lame Oe eo TING

melampyrifolia,

E. Meyer 1112

nudicaulis, Linn. f. . 1110

var. elongata, Eck], i110

var. multiflora,

Btkh oe 1810

var. tabularis,

Cham 2° 4a

var. viminea,

Grineb 5 54010

nudicaulis, Willd. . 1110

orthostylis, Reichb. . 1096

ovata, Spreng. . . 1111

is, Burch. . 1106

var. foliata, Prain 1106

var. radicata, —

Schock) oS:

1139

4p2

1106

1140 INDEX.

Page | Page

CHIRONIA (con.) | CHIRONIA (con.)

palustris, Gilg . 1105 Zeyheri, Prain . 1103

palustris, Hook.f. . 1106 — var. angustifolia,

palustris, Knobl. =. 1107 | Prain 1103

parviflora, Salisb, . 1099 CHLOROCODON, Hook. f. 541.

parvifolia, E. Meyer, 1111) Whyteii, Hook. f. 542

peduncularis, Benth. | Chlorocyathus

& Hook. f. . 1105! Monteirox, Oliv. 534

peduncularis, Lindl. . 1109 | Choristylis

Peglere, Prain . . 1109 rhamnoides, Warv. . 432

perfoliata, Eckl. . . 1116 | Christya

purpurascens, Benth. speciosa,Ward& Harv. 511

§& Hook. f. . . 1108|CuRysopHyLLum, Linn. 436

var. impedita, magalismontanum,

Pram. 225) 474108 Bead, cain OT

var. Tysonii, natalense, Sond.. . 437

Prain.. . 1108! Wilmsii, Hngl. . 437

purpurascens, Rolfe . 1108 | Chymocormus

rosacea, Gilg . . 1105)| edulis, Harv. . 780

scabrida, Griseb.. . 1113 CoccosperMA, Kl... 398

yar. ligulifolia, areolatum, NV. £. Br. 399

Prain . . . 1113) forbesianum, Kl. . 399

Schinzii, Schoch. . 1101) rugosum, Al... 400

Schlechteri, Schoch , 1112) subcapitatum, N. LZ.

serpyllifolia, Eckl. . 1111 Bre 3% ee h00

serpyllifolia, Lehm. . 1111 | Codonanthemum

var. laxa, Griseb. . 1111 discolor, Benth. . . 387

var. microphylla, parviflorum, Kl... 388

Grised.). 1111 | puberulum, Kl. . . 388

speciosa, E. Meyer . 1116| tenue, Benth. «. . 389

tabularis, Page . . 1114 | Codonostigma

var. confusa, Erinus, Kl. . . + 878

Prain . . . 1114| Comostioma, Kl. 327, 1127

tetragona, Linn. f. . 1115) dregeanum, Kil. 328, 1127

ver, brecifolia, glabrum, Benth. . 328

Grised. casita alld lum, Benth. 832

var, linearis, tenuifolium, A’. . 327

Griseb. . . . 1114) zeyherianum, Ki.

var. linearis, 328, 1127

E. Meyer . .~ 1115 | Comacephalus :

var. ovata, incurvus, Kl. ; 353

E. Meyer . . 1115 CONOPHARYNGIA,

tetragona, Schoch_ . 1114 G. Dos. i 4. 805

var. linearis, elegans, say: 4 eda O08

Schoch . . . 1114, ventricosa, Stapf . 506

var. ovata, Schoch 1114 CoRDYLOGYNE,

transvaalensis, Gily . 1105 E. Meyer . . . 585

trinervia, Hort. . . 1109 — globosa, Meisn. 583,

trinervis, Hort. . . 1109| — globosa, Z. Meyer . 586

Tysonii, Gilg . . 1108 Crassa

uniflora, Eckl. . . 1101 minor, Rupp. e OA7

uniflora,Lam. . . 1115 | Rivini, Rupp. . . 993

wiscosa, Zeyh. . . 1113 | Crypronepis, R. Br. . 526

vulgaris, capensis, Schlechter . 527

var. intermedia, delagoensis,

Cham. ...,.« .« 1102 Schlechter. . . 528

I Monteirox, Oliv. . 531

oblongifolia,

Schlechter « 529].

528

| obtusa, W.E. Br. .

_CRYPTOLEPIS (con.)

| transvaalensis,

Schlechter. .

| Cyclostigma

natalense, Hochst.

CynaNncuum, Linn. .

africanum, R. Br. .

var. crassifolium

N. Be Bre os

aphyllum, Linn...

atropurpureum, Dietr.

bicolor, Andr.

bidens, Dietr. «. .

brevidens,

var. zambesiacum,

N. E. Br.

capense, R. Br. «+

capense, Zhunb.. -

cordifolium, Dietr.

cordifolium, Retz. .

crassifolium, R. Br. .

crispum, Jacq.

crispum, Thunb. .

echinatum, Thunb.

euphorbioides, Dietr. .

extensum, Jacq. . -

filiforme, Burch. «

filiforme, Linn, f.

foliis cordato-

sagittatis, Burm. .

foliis planis, Burm. «

hamatum, Dietr. .

hastatum, Pers. . ‘s

intermedium, NV.

Bie tea

lanceolatum, Poir.

linear ibus foliis,

Je Barmy 25,7 sin

lycioides, Dietr. . -

Meyeri, Schlechter .

minuti,

K.Schum. .«

molle, Dietr.. -

mucronatum, JV.

Bee ae Me FS as

natalitium, Schlechter

obtusifolium, Linn. f.

var. pilosum,

Schlechter .

orangeanum, NV.

Broce ae}

pendulum, Poir. «

pilosum, K. Br. .

radice gf Osa,

J, Barm. 23834

sarcostemmatoi

rotundifolium, Thunb. —

CYNANCHUM (con.)

INDEX.

| Dichalia (con.)

schistoglossum, | pygmea, Schlechter

Schlechter . 753 undulata, Schlechter

senegalense, Sieb, . 783 villosa, Schlechter .

subvolubile, Sch. & | Zeyher, Schlechter .

Thontic:, . + 783 Dimia

vagum, N.E.Br. . 753 — caripensis, Dietr.

verticillare, Lam. 659 —- extensa, Spreng. .

viminale, Linn.

virens, Dietr. 607 |

virens, Dictr. 752 |

Zeyheri, Schlechter . 746.

Cynoctonum |

Brownii, Meisn. . 750 |

capense, EK, Meyer 747,751.

crassiflorum, Krauss. 749 |

crassifolium, |

hk. Meyer . 749, 750

var. pilosa, Decne, 748°

dregeanum, Decne 750

lycioides, E. Meyer . 771

var, majus, Meisn. 771

Meyeri, Decne . . 745

molle, E. Meyer . 866

virens, E. Meyer . 752

Demia ty oe eee

ethiopica, Decne 759

angolensis, Decne 759

barbata, Schlechter . 759

bicolor, Sweet . . 759

cordifolia, K. Schum, 759

extensa, R. Br. . 758

extensa, Schlechter . 758

gariepensis, Harv. . 758

garipensis, E. Meyer . 758

guineensis, G. Don 759

scandens, G. Don 759

Decabelone

Barklyi, Dyer . . 901

Decaceras

Arnoldii, Schlechter 845.

Arnottii, K.Schum, — 845

Huttoni, Harv. . . 846

Dichelia

Barberiz, Schlechter 864

brachylepis,.

' Sehlechter . . 859

breviflora, Schlechter 85%

cinerea, Schlechter . 862

circinata, Schlechter 859

elongata, Schlechter . 862

filiformis, Schlechter 8956

Galpinii, Schlechter

859, 861

Gerrardi, Harv... 52

macra, Schlechter . 857

microphylla, 8. Moore 861

natalensis, Schlechter 851

60°

861

‘ovata, Schlechter.

756 Drosprros, Linn. . .

ambigua, Vent.

bicolor, K).

hirsuta, Desf... -

lycioides, Desf... -

mespiliformis,

Hochste: ie 0s

Pseudebenus,

E. Meyer» « -

pubescens, Pers. «

rotundifolia, Hiern .

senegalensis, Perrott.

sessilifolia, Parm. +

sp. Salt... + +

suberifolia, Decne

DrevocyaTHaA, N. E. Br.

ciliata, N. £. Br.

Diplocyathus

ciliatus, K. Schum...

Diplonema

ambigua,G. Don. +

elliptica,G. Don. -

Dregea

floribunda, E. Meyer

ribunda, Wood &

Evans) oo ev 3

DuvaLia, Haw. = +;

angustiloba, NW. £.

Bie ees

cespitosa, Huw. . +

compacta, Haw.. -

concolor, Schlechter .

Corderoyi, NV. BE. Br.

deflexa,G. Don . +

dentata, N. E. Br.

elegans, Haw. . -

yar, namaquana,

N. E. Br.

var. seminuda,

Nid Bree Os

glomerata, Haw. +

hirtella, Sweet . -

yar. minor, NV. £.

Br. oe

var. obscura, NV. LE.

Brick eee

jacquiniana, Sweet.

levigata, Haw. . +

maculata, V. LZ. Br.

-mastodes, Sweet. +

: -modesta, V. E. Br. o

Page Page

DUVALIA (con.)

857; Pillansii, V. L. Br. . 1026

859 var. albanica, V. E.

863 Be. eee IT

$56| polita, N. #. Br. . 1026

propinqua, Berger 1030

758| pubescens, V. #. Br. 1029

759 var, major, V. E.

476 Brig 6 ha 1029

456| radiata, Haw. 1032

47%| reclinata, Haw. . 1030

452 var. angulata,

454 N. FE. Br. « «1080

var. bifida, WV. L.

477 Bro Sate WSO

replicata, Sweet . 1032

466| transvaalensis,

452 Schlechter. . . 1035

478| tuberculata, Haw. . 1036

478 | Dyerophytum

453| africanum, 0. Kze . 426

471| EBENACE# . . 4in

460 | Ebenus

923| natalensis,O.Kze . 476

923 | Echites

bispinosum, Linn. f. . 517

924| succulenta,Thunb, . 517

Ectadiopsis

456| acutifolia, Benth. . 529

462| cryptolepioides,

Schlechter . . 529

775| oblongifolia, Benth, . 529

Ecrapium, E. Meyer . 531

783| latifolium, NW. £. Br. 532

1024| oblongifolium, Meisn. 529

virgatum, E. Meyer, 531

1034 var. latifolium,

1029 Sching . 9. .. 582

1032 | Hichleria

1034! discolor, Hartog. . 440

1027, Empenia, Burm, . . 433

956 Kraussii, Harv. . . 433

1026 | Emicocarpus, K.Schum.

1023 & Seblec . we 168

fissifolius, K. Schum.

1028 eee + Oe

EmpLectantaes, N. E. ~

1028 es te!

1035 cordatus, VN. &. Br. 772

1031| Gerrardi, N. £. Br.. 772

| Endotropis

1031 Meyeri,Deene . ~. 752

EnicosteMA, Bl. . . 1117

1031 littorale, Bl. ie is Ba

1028! verticillare, Baill. . 1117

1035 terticillatum, Engl. . 1117

1033 | Eremta, D. Don = 332, 1128

1033 — bartlingiana, BE 2 838

1028 brevifolia, Benth, . 334

| lanata, Benth, . - 336

1142

Page |

EREMIA (con.)

parviflora, Drege . 389

parviflora, K7. . 334

parviflora, Kl. 349, 390

recurvata, Ad. 333

rhodopis, Bolus . . = 98

tottasD. Dok. 26.41: 833

var. bartlingiana,

Ne ti Dis, sos (BOO

tubercularis, Benth. . 97

Eremiopsis, N. E. Br.. 390

curvistyla, VY. B. Br. 390

Ertca, Linn. . . 4, 1125

abietina, Andry. . . 81

abietina, Berg. . . 53

abietina, Zinn. . . 67

abrotanoides, Burm. . 310

absinthioides, Linn, . 218

absinthioides,E.Meyer 316

absinthoides, Thunb. = 317

accomodata, K/, . 249

var. ebracteata,

poe. , , ws Rie

var. subviscidula, -

Dome 4 aN

Actea, Sincl.. . . 246

acuminata, Andr. . 312

var. 1 ba

Andi cs 313

var. longifora,

Rolliss. . . 313

acuta, Andr. pty B80.

acutangula, Lodd. . 293

acutifiora, Tausch . 57

acutifolia, Barth . 59

adequata, Tuusch 175

adenophora, Spreng. . 310

adenophylla, Bolus . 201

adenostoma, Kunze . 50

adjuvans, Kl. =... 318

adunca, Benth. . 242

emula, Guthr. &

Pe eee 118

var. pubescens,

Guthr. § Bolus 119

zqualis, Benth. . . 158

affinis, Benth, . . 276

africana angustifolia,

Seba

africana pumila, Seba 363

aggregata, Roxb, Brees

aggregata, Wendl, . 139

; oe Guthr. §

Bolus 160

Tar. latifolia, @uthr.

iss : § US . . 160)

: “Aitoni, Willd. 93

INDEX.

ERICA (con.)

albens, Linn. . .

var. longiftora,

Benthis si os

albens, Thunb. .

albescens, Kl, . .

var. erecta, Bolus .

albida, Thunb, .

albiflora, Kl... we

Alexandri, Guthr. ¢

Hone. 3

Alfredii, Guthr. ¢

Bolus. 2.260) ae

algida, Bolus. .

Alopecias, Tausch

alopecuroides, Lodd. .

alopecuroides, Wendl.

alopecurus, Harv. .

var. _—_ glabriflora,

Bolus) gee

alticola, Guthr. &

BOUB G So ed

alveiflora, Salisb.

amabilis, Salisb. .

var. pusilla, Bolus

ambigua, Wendl...

amyphigena, Guthr, g-

BOWE ahi sos

ampullacea, Curt. .

var, obbata, Bolus

var. rubra, Rolliss.

var. vittata, Rolliss.

ampullacea, Tratt. .

ampullaceoides,

Boles 5,

ampulleformis,Salisb.

andrewsiana, Tausch .

Andrewsii, Kl...

andromede flora,

Andris Py

var, }

Bot. Mag. . >.

angustata, Bartl =,

angusticollis, Bartl. .

annectens, Guthr. §

BOWE. eae aE

anthina, Spreng...

aperta, Spreng. ails

Aphanes, Spreng. .

appressa, Spreng. .

prion, The: 6

arachnoidea, K/..

arborea, Thunb. ,

arbuscwia, Lodd. .

arbutifiora, Wendl,

Archeria, Andy. .

ee ee ee ae

ERICA (con.)

archeriana, Lodd. .

ardens, Andr. . .

argentea, Al.

var, rigida, Bolus

argentifiora, Andy. .

argutifolia, Salicb,

argyrxa, Guthr.

BOWS: 6 ike Ew ine

aristata, Andr. ...

var, minor, Andy.

var, minor, Nolliss.

avistata, Salish. .

aristella, Sine],

aristifolia, Niven

armata; Fae ees

var. _ breviseta,

Bows se 7%

armata, Spreng... -

artcmisioides, E. Meyer

articularis, Curt...

articularis, Linn. .

var. implexa, Bolus

meyeriana,

Bolug. . +

articularis, Thunb. .

articulata, Thunb. . .

_ aspalathifolia, Bolus

var. Bachmannii,

Bole tak

aspalathoides, Guthr.

§ Bolus sles

aspera, Andr. . .

asperifolia, Salisb. .

assurgens, Link . .

astroites, Guthr. §

Bolae os

var. minor, Guthr.

& BolieeS 2o%

Atherstonei, Diels.

aurea, ARGS She

var. viscosissima,

Benthic) 353s

auricularis, Salisb. «

auriculata, Guthr. §

Bole ssa ek

axillaris, Salish... -

axillaris, Soland.

axillaris, Thunb.

axilliflora, Bartl.

azaleeflora, Steud.

azalezfolia, Salish.

baccwformis, Salisb.

baceans, Zinn. .

baculiflora, Salish.

Bandonia, Andy.

ERICA (con.)

Banksii, Willd...

barbata, Benth . .

var, major, Andr.

var. minor, Andy. .

barbata, Drége é

barbata, Hort. . .

Sarbertona, Galpin .

darbigera, Kl... s

barbigera, Salish.

dartlingiana, Kt. .

Batemania, Rolliss. .

Bauera, Andry. . .

Baurii, Bolus . .

Beaumontia, Andr,

313,

4Seaumontiana, Rolliss.

313,

Behen, FE. Meyer.

della, Spreng. :

dergiana, Linn. .

var. glabra, Wendl.

iberzelioides, Guthr. §

bibracteata, Kl...

bicalyculata, Moench

bicolor, Andr. . «

bicolor, Thunb. .

diflora, Link. .

Bleria, Lodd. .

Bleria, Thunb. . .

a Bodk ini, Guthr. &

oa Bolus eek’

bon,

borbonizfolia, Sadish.

boucheana, Regel .

Bowerti, Donov. «

Bowia, Sinel.

bowieana, odd. .

brachialis, Salisb.

brachycentra; Benth.

brachycrossa, Tausch

brachysepala, G@uthr.

F Bolus . . .

bracteata, Roxb...

bracteata, Thunb...

bracteolaris, Lam. .

_ brevicaulis, Guthr. §

SIME. a!

brevifolia, Soland. ri

Page |

135

134

220

233

326

105

313

230

1127

298

174

- INDEX.

Er1ca (con,)

brevipes, Bartl. . .

broadleyana, And. .

broadleyana, Benth. .

Brownleex, Bolus

bruinades, Andy...

bruniades, Linn. ;

brunixfolia, Salisb. .

brunneo-alba, Bartl. .

buccineformis, Salish,

bucciniflora, Bot. Mag.

bullaris, Steud. .

bullularis, Salish.

Burchellii, Benth.

Burnettii, Hort. .

byssina, Salisb. .

caduca, Thunb, . .

caduceifera, Salisb. .

cusia, Salisbh . .

cesia, Wendl .

caffra, Andr.

caffra, Linn...

var. auricularis,

Bole eo BOA

caffra, Lodd. . -

Caffrorum, Bolus.

var. aristulata,

Bolus. es

var. glomerata,

Bolus Ge wo

var. luxurians,

calamiformis, Salisb.

calathiflora, Salisb. .

caledonica, Spreng. f.

callosa, Wendl. .

calostoma, Lodd. —.

calycanthoides, Kl. .

calycifiora, Tausch

310,

calycina, Andr. . .

var. melastoma,

Ande es

var. minor, Andr. .

calycina, Linn. .

var. fragrans, Bolus

var. periploceflora,

DOME cca 5%

calycinades, Sincl. .

calyculata, Wendl. .

var. chrysantha,

Bolt eh eo %

cam; aris, Salisb.

campanulata, Andr.

campanulata, F, W.

campylophylla,

canali ata, Andr. .

var. minor, Andr.

Erica (con.)

candida, Bartl . .

candida, Soland. .

candida, Spreng...

canescens, Dry. .

canescens, Wendl. .

canthareformis, Lodd,

capax, Salish. . .

capillaris, Bart/.

var. compacta,

BOWS LT. GS

var. poliotes, olus

capillaris, Drége

capitata, Linn.

capitata, Salish...

capitata, Thunb. .

capitella, Thunb.

carbasina, Salisb.

carduifolia, Salish. .

carinata, Ki.

carinata, Lodd. .

carinula, Steud. ..

carneola, Sincl. . .

carniula, Lodd, . .

caroliniana, Hort. .

casta, Guthr. § Bolus

var. brevifolia,

Guthr. §& Bolus .

caterveeflora, Salisb. .

var. _ glabrata,

Pent. 6 8

catervefolia, Pers, .

cavendishiana, Paxt.

Cavendishii, Paxt. .

celsiana, Lodd. 308, 313

» Thunb. 60

ce es, Willd. 55

cerinthoides, Berg. 84

var. B, Thunb. 85

var. ‘y, Thunb, . 84

cerinthoides, Linn. . 87

var. barbertona

Bobi oe 87

cernua, Andr. ., . 180

var. lanceolata,

Weallis ure 100

cernua, Montin . . 227

var. lanceolata,

Wendl. 2c... 228

cerviciflora, Salish. . 53

Chametetralix,

Tae 2. vw 152

Chamissonis, AL =. 305

chartacea, Guthr.

Delt 6058 6 oo NS

chionophila, Guthr. 5

Boa os ge 1

chlamydiflora, Salisb.

257, 1127

chloroloma, Lindi . 83

1it4

ERICA (con.)

chlorosepala, Benth. .

chrysantha, Kl...

chrysocodon, Guthr.

§ Bolus: os 2s

ciliaris, Thunb. .

ciliciiflora, Salish.

einerascens, Willd.

cistifolia, Link .

clave flora, Salisb.

clavata, Andr. .

clavisepala, Guthr.

Bolusrossth ics

cliffordiana, Lodd.

clowesiana, Rolliss.

clowteana, Hort. .

coarctata, Wendl. .

var. _longipes,

Benth. 6%

coccinea, Berg. . .

var.a, Thunb, .

var. breviflora,

Kach aie shows

var. _ echiiflora,

Benth. . ‘

coccinea, Drége . .

coccinea, Linn. .

coccinea, Linn. Herb.

coccinea, Thunb. .

cochleariformis,

Wendl... ice.

Colleter,Spreng.. .

collina, Guthr. §

BORE and oe

colorans, Andr. . .

comata, Guthr. ¢

Bolus i. i

comosa, Linn, . lk

var. rubra, Andy. .

comosa, Wendl. .

compacta, Bartl.. .

complanata, Nois.

comptoniana, Andry. .

conacea, Hort. .

concava, Lodd. ,

concinna, Soland. .

condensata, Benth. .

yar. — quadrifida,

a ae ey Wee ee

ee Gee

aS etin’s

_ conferta, Andr. .

confertifiora, Steud. .

confertifolia, Wendl.

confusa, Guthr. ¢

Page

260

248

122

155

342

INDEX,

ERICA (con.)

consobrina, Guthr. §

BU, naowiee

conspicua, Sol...

var. glabra, Benth.

Constantia, Nois. .

Cooperi, Bolus .

yar. Missionis, Bolus

copiosa, Wendl...

var. linearisepala,

Bolus . <

var. longicanda,

Bolus ‘i

var. parvisepala,

BOWE. ae

coralloides, Hort.

cordata, Andr. ..

corifolia, Zinn...

var, spicata, Wendl.

corifolia, Salisb. . .

corifolia, Thunb.

var. ¢, Herb. Thunb,

cornuta, Roxb, . .

coronata, Andr, . .

coronifera, Benth.

corusca, Lichts. ..

Corydalis, Salisb. .

corymbosa, Bartl. .

corymbosa, Tausch

costata, Andr. .

cothurnalis, Salisb.

Coventrya, Andr.

coventryana, Lodd. .

crassifolia, Andr. .

crassifolia, Benth.

crassifolia, Kl...

crassisepala, Benth. .

erateriformis, Guthr.

Pe ee

crenata, E. Meyer .

crinijolia, Salisb,

crinita, Lodd. .. .

cristeflora, Salis.

var. blanda, Bolus

crossota, Spreng. .

cruciformis, Andr. .

cruenta, Soland.. .

var. buccinula,

Bolte sacaicrgh

var. campanulata,

BAM hoa peace

var. mutica, Bolus

eryptanthera, Guthr.

CBOs 5 Wen

cubica, Linn... -«

var. coronifera,

var. minor, Andr. .

var. _ natalensis,

Bolus ec: «

Page

287

115

229

230

225

155

261

262

259

262

256

301

299

182

308

125

102

273

309

155

244

224

194

313

300

301

281

313

143

298

299

298

299

ERICA (con.)

cubica, Thunb. .

cubitalis, Linn. .

cucullata, Tausch

culciteflora, Salish. .

cumulata, KI. ‘

cumuliflora, Salish. .

cuneiformis, Benth. .

cupressifolia, Wendl.

cupressiformis, Salisb. 75

cupressina, Sincl, . 174

curtophylla, Guthr.

Pe eee

curviflora, Linn, 71, 1125

var. Burchellii,

BUSI ss

var, diffusa, Bolus 72

var. rubra, Andr.., 71

var. rubra, Rolliss 313

var. sulphurea,

Bolus... %. caginceoe

var. versatilis,

Bolus. 0.5 71

curvifolia, Salish. 95

var. Zeyheri, Bolus 96

curvirostris, Salish. . 186

cuspidata, Kl. . . 158

cuspidigera, Salisb. . 71

cyathiformis, Salisb. 182

cylindrica, Audr. 313

cylindrica, Thunb. . 102

cylindrica, Wendl, . 70

cylindriflora, Salisb, 77

cymosa, EZ, Meyer . 141

cyrilleflora, Satish, . 127

daphneflora, Lodd. . 105

daphnejflore, Wendl. 105

daphniflora, Salisb. . 105

var. latisepala,

Bolut va, - 0s

var. Leipoldtii

Bois -< -xid, 308

var. Muscari, Bolus 105

var. _ pedicellata,

Bolus . ° . 105

var. retusa, Bolus. 105

daphnoides, Lodd. . 313

debilis, Guthr.§ Bolus 148

decipiens, Spreng. f. 166

“ var. tetragopa,

Bolus... « « 166

var. trivialis, Bi 166

declinata, Lodd. . . 187

decolorans, Willd. . 310

decora, Andr, . + 211

decora, Salish. . - 74

decunata, Steud... 187

decurrcns, Kl... 201

deflexa, Sincl, . . 213

delecta, Tausch . ;

. Page

ERICA (con )-

delicosa, Wend), f. 165

demissa, Ki... 167

gemissa, Dinch,- ..4.40. 47

densa, Andy. Lagi OO)

densa, Rolliss. Bao

densiflora, Bart]. 246, 247

densiflora, Drege 76

densifolia, Willd. 3

dentata, Thunb, . 107

dentata, Wendl... . 107

denticularis, Salisb. . 107

denticulata, Linn. . 107

var. grandiloba,

OME Se LOT

var. longiflora,

BONN Ss Cie ie SLOT

denticulata, Roxb. 105

depressa, Andy. . . 69

var. rubra, Rolliss. 313

depressa, Linn. . . 278

desmantha, Benth. . 241

dianthiflora, Tausch, 94

dianthifolia, Salisb, . 252

diaphana, Spreng. . 79

dichromata, Lodd. 76

dichrus, Spreng. . 76

Dickenson’, Lodd. . 70

Dickensonia,

var. alba, Forbes . 294

dicranifolia, Tausch . 310

dilatata, Wendl. f. . 117

dilecta, Hort. . . 314

diosmefolia, Salish. . 250

dioteflora, Salish. . 169

discolor, Andr. . . = 75

var. puberula,

Benth. . . . S. 76

distans, Benth. . . 105)

distorta, tad 2

divaricata, Sincl. =. 223)

divaricata, Wendl. . 246

go agg ee 200

Dodsii, Guthr.§ Bolus 207

_ doliiformis, Salish. . 86

ensb 1s,

Guthr. § Bolus . 166

dregean fit. (8

wfolia, Tausch. 79

droseroides, Lam. . 113

var. minor, Andr. 113

dubia, Rach .+:.0: 10

ducalis, Kl. . . . 318

dumosa, Andr. 161

var. intermedia,

Bobeas «ue AGT

var. setifera, Bolus 161

INDEX,

ERICA (con.)

dumosa, Salisb.

Page |

Erica (con.)

323, 325

dunbariana, Rolliss. . 3138

dura, Soland. . . 139

dysantha, Benth, . 117

echiiflora, Lodd. . 60

var. carned,

Rolliss. . Aes

var. purpurea,

ANOLE > pin jeg i OO

eckloniana, Tausch 64

Edelinia, Bonpl. . 310

effusa, Nichols. . 313

elata, Andr. . 73

elegans, Andr. . 268

elegans, Bot. Mag. 268

elongata, Lodd. 84

emarginata, Andr. 293

-embolifera, Salisb. . 363

embothriifolia,

Salisb. ae

var. longitlora,

Bolus a& «89

var. subequalis,

BORO 6s scdt: Somes, 88

empetrifolia, Zinn. . 205

var. glauca, Wend], 206

empetrina, Linn... . 205

empetroides, Andr. . 206

enneaphylla, Roxb. . 55

ephemera, Tausch . 134

epiptera, Willd. . . 310

epistomia, Lodd.. . 313

equisetifolia, Salisb. . 323

erectiuscula, Wendl. . 262

eriantha, Kl,, . . 239

_eriocephala, Andr. . 238

i la,Lam. . 380

eriocodon, Bolus. . 133

eriophorus, Guthr, §

a Bolus . . . . 234

_eriopodon, Ind. Kew. 134

eriopus, Benth. . . 297

- erosa, Lodd,., =... 314

erubescens, Andr. 85

erubescens, Lodd. 310

-ewerana, Dry. . . 74

var. pilosa, Lodd.. 74

excelsa, Tausch . 313

exigua, Salisb. 126

exilis, Salisb. . . 363

eximia, Lodd. 92, 313

expansa, Hort. 134

exposita, Lodd. » 310

exprompta, Spreng. . 364

exquisita, Carr. . 510

exserrens, Kl. 186

exserta, Hort. . 248

exserta, Sincl. e289

exsudans, Lodd. . . 79

Page

exsurgens, Andr, . 57

var. coccinea, Rolliss. 313

var. diffusa, Bolus oT

var. longifolia,

Andr. - ies

var, minor, Andr.. = 57

excudans, Andy. . . 7

fabrilis, Salisb.

faireana, Carr.

Fairii, Bolus .

fallax, Salisb.

14 a MOO

. 209, 210

fascicularis, Linn. f. 8%

var, imperialis,

Bolus

fasciculata, Thunb. . 363

fasciformis, Salisb. . 102

fastigiata, Andy, 104

fastigiata, Linn. 102

var. ciliata, Rach . 102

var. coventryana,

* Bola oi. incake, AOE

var. immaculata,

Bolus 0: ts se 408

fastuosa, Salish. . . 71

fausta, Salish . . 135

favoides, Rolliss. . 313

var. elegans, Rolliss. 313

var. purpurea,

Rolliss. . . 313

favosa, Salish. . . 5%

Fergussoni, Gent. &

Cert, be WO exon O10

errea, Berg.. . . 193

y sige brie et OL

festa, Salisb. * . 209, 210

Fibula, Link. . . 180

filamentosa, Andr. . 65

var. longiflora,

BO ys aa 89

filifolia, Regel 310

filiformis, Bartl. . 259

iliformis, Drége . 153:

filiformis, Salisb. 149

var. longibracteata,

Bog 6 2 wo 190

var. maritima,

BOM ie ca 100

filipendula, Benth, . 56

var. major, Bolus. 56

var. minor, Bolus. 56

fimbriata, Andr. . 282

finitima, Lodd. . . 310

Jistuleflora, Salisb. 102

flacea, EL. Meyer . 154

flaccida, Link . . 238

flagellaris, Link . 259

flagellata, Andr. . 259

flagelliformis, Audr. . 259

flammea, Andr. . 7

1146

: : “4%

Page

4°RICA (con.)

Flanagani, Bolus 151

jlava, Andr. . 210

'- flavicans, K1. 191

flavicoma, Bart. 209

Havida, Kl. 150

Havisepala, Guthr. ‘

Bolus . . 309

flexicaulis, Dry. 152

flexicaulis, Hort.. 176

Hexilis, Salisb. 160

flexuosa, Andry. 246

flexuosa, Kl. . 247

flexuosa, Salish. 246

Hocciflora, Henth. 195

flocciflora, Tausch 310

floccosa, Bartl. 295

__floccosa, Salish. 73

Horibunda, Lodd. . 288

var. micrantha,

Benth. . . 287

floribunda, Wendl. 164

jlorida, Lodd. 302

_Jlorida, Thunb. 174

_flosculosa, Salisb. 377

foliacea, Andr. . . 68

var. fulgens, K/. . 68

foliacea, Kl... 220

follicularis, Salish. 48

forbesiana, Kl. . 313

- formosa, Andr. . 59

_formosa, Rolliss. . 313

formosa, Thunb. . 197

fragilis, Salish. 51

Jragrans, Andy. . 294

Sragrans, Salisb. . 105

frigida, Bolus 196

_Frondosa, Salisb. . 59

fate Ri! ee. 108

var. cespitosa,

Bolus) oo po 402

SJugaz, Salisbh . . 278

folgens, Mh s 68

fulgida, Sinclhh 2. 64

furcefiora, Salisb. 208

furfurosa, Salish. 51

Juscata, Dietr. . 265

Suscorubens, Roxb. 128

Susiformis, Salisb. 50

var. +, Salisb. . 49

var. 8, Salisb.. 2. 49

gatiifiora, Bartl. , 288, 310

galiiflora, Salisb. 103

—_galivides, Kl... 220, 221

_ gelida, Andry. = . . 55

ie * Atel oes eee, OO

| genistefolia, ab. 286

Seorgica, Guthr. J

«header ee ae 109

Rach

grandinosa, Andr. i

—granulata, Linn...

grata, Guthr. § Bolus —

INDEX.

| ERICA (con.)

gigantea, Al...

Gillii, Benth.

gilva, Wendt...

var.angustata, Rach

glabella, Thunb. .

glabra, Link’.

glabra, Koxb.

glabra, Thunb.

‘glandulifera, HX. le

glaniulosa, Andry.

glandulosa, Thunb.

var. breviflora,

Baktta EPRI

glandulosa, Wendl.

_ glauca, Andr.

var. elegans, Bolus

glaucescens, Bartl. .

glauifolia, Kl...

globosa, Andr. .

var. subterminalis,

Bolus.

globosa, Burm. f.

globosa, Willd.

globulifiora, Kl. .

glomerata, Andr.

glomerata, Sincl.

glomiflora, Salish.

var. canthare-

formis, Bolus .

glumeaflora, Ki...

glutinosa, Andr. .

var. minor, Andry. .

glutinosa, Berg...

var. parviflora,

Pa hae ia ia

glutinosa, Roxb...

powers sete Salisb.

gnaphalodes, Berg.

guaphaloder, Thunb. .

gnaphaloides, Linn. .

gnaphaloides, E. Meyer

gnidixfolia, Salisb. .

Gordonia, Sincl. a

gorterivfolia, Salisb.

gracilipes, Guthr. §

Bobi CEs 6y

gracilis, odd...

gracilis, Wendl. .

grandiflora, Linn. f.

var. humilis, Rolliss.

var. longifolia,

Wels oor,

var. monstrosa,

ee:

Page

ERICA (con.)

Greyii, Guthr. § Bolus 231

Grisbrookii, Guthr. §

Bolus . Pars!

grisea, K). . 126, 181

grossa, Salish. 267

Guthriei, Bolus . 245

var. strictior, Bolus 245

gutteylora, Salisb. . 179

Gysbertii, Guthr.

Bolus. . . 90

hemantha, Bolus

hemastoma, Wendl.

_ hematosiphon, Guthr.

§ Bolus. 0

Halicacaba, Linn. 266

Hartnellii, Rolliss. 313

Hartnello-hiemalis,

Planch. ee) 6)

harveiana, Guthr.

Boles ee

~ hebecalyx, Benth . 79

heleophila, Guthr. $

Bolas 6h Ee

helianthemifolia,

Selisk se) oe ee

heliophila, Guthr. §

Bout TH, sore

hemispherica, K1. 18

frnlartatstbes Soland. 232

hesseana, Shaved Me 61

heteroph uthr.

Boles us . 142

Hibbertia, Andr. . 58

hibbertiana, Ait.. . 58

hirsuta, Ki... 156

hirsuta, Lodd. 313

hirsuta, Thunb... 353

hirta, And# oes 75

var. __ viridiflora,

Andes Ee TE

hirta, Thunb. . . 188

hirta, Wendl. . . 117

hirtiflora, Curt... 181

hirtifolia, Hornem. 310

hispida, Andr. . 160

hispida, Burm.f. . 312

hispida, Thavb, . 218

hispidula, Linn... 218

var. crassifolia, —

Beath. . oe

var. fotiacea, Benth. 220

var, serpyllifolia,

Benth... - -219

holocalycina, KI... 227

holosericea, ape ‘ 270

ora,

"5 wen ee

Nctieeabdt Andr. as t 237

. pameadee i 299

Page

ERICA (con.)

humeana, Lodd. . . 102

humifusa, Hibb. 300

humilis, Benth. 150

Aumilis, Salisb. . . 279

Ayacinthoides, Andy... 313

hybrida, Rolliss. 313

Aypocrateriformis,

Tausch =. $201

hyssopifolia, Salisb. . 262

Aystricifiora, Salisb.. 86

égnescens, Wendl. . 71

var. atropurpured,

Weldlies ose aa

tgnorata, Kl. . 180

imbecilla, Sweet . 185

imbellis, Salish. 253

imbricata, Linn. 246

var. elongata, Rach 246

imbricata, Roxb. . 246

imperialis, Andy. . 89

émpulsa, Rolliss. . 313

inaperta, Hort. . . 53

éncana, Wendl, 138

tncanata, Andy. . . 179

incarnata, Thunb, . 98

thoarta, Rie. 6 2 05

inclusa, Wendl. f. . 273

inclyta, Sol... . 1125

incomta, Kl... 225

énconspicua, Thunb. . 73

incurva, Andy, . . 174

éncurva, Thunb. . 298

incurva, Wendl, 232, 1127

var. barbigera,

Bolus 5 ere 2a

var. solandroides,

Bold. 6 Rt! 232

var. stellata, Bolus 232

var. — subglabra,

BOE es o> 238

indigesta, Kl... 105

mnermis, Kl, . «. . 126

inflata, Hort. 313

var. rubra, Rolliss. 313

inflata, Zhunb . 2 99

inflexa, Pers. ‘ 298

infundibuliformis,

Anite 4 de OL

infundibuliformis,

Baste. 101

Jngrami, Hort. 313

innocens, Hoftm. . 311

inops, Bolus . 220

insidsa, Sincl. cae Bi

intermedia, Kl, . -. 47

intertexta, Lodd. =. 313}

yaperioeepie, me 126

grandiflora,

en tp tak 188

INDEX.

Page

ERICA (con.)

involucrata, Al. . 235

involvens, Benth. 242

irbyana, Audr. 95

irregularis, Benth. 275

irrorata, Guth.

Bolus ret oa

ixanthera, Benth. 203

Jacksonii, Paxt. . 313

jasminifilora, Andy. 93

jasminiflora, Salish... 93

var. minor, Andr., 311

var. nana, Rolliss. 313

var. rubra, Rolliss. 313

jasminiflora, Salish. 93

jasminoides, Carr. 311

jubata, Ledd. B05

juliana, Lodd. 105

juncea, Bart]... . 207

juniperifolia, Salisb.. 256

Junonia, Bolus 93

var. minor, Bolus. 93

kennedyana, K1. 181

kraussiana, A/. . 172

labialis, Salisb. . 395

lachnea, Andry. . . 293

var. “gaye

Angie? os 191

lachneifolia, Drege . e195

lachnexoides, G. Don 191

lachnesefolia, Salish. 292

lactea, lee. lk 181

lactifiora, Lodd. . . 181

Jacuneflora, Salisb. . 174

leta, Bartl. . 176, 1127

var. incisa, Bolus. 177

levigata, Bartl. . . 260

var. decurrens,

Bolus . . . 261

var. _ elongata,

Bo. 0 BOL

davis, Andy. . . 183

lageneformis, Salisb. 92

Lambertia, Andy. 314

lambertiana, Lodd. 314

lamellaris, Salisb. 137

lamprotes, K1, 273

lanata, And. 237

lanata, Wendl. 73

lanceolaris, Steud. 311

lanceolata, Pers... . 311

laniflora, F.W.Schm, = 71

laniflora, Wend). =. 73

var. glabra, Wendl. = 73

lanipes, Guthr.

Bolus: 6525 es 269

lanuginosa, Andr, . 265

laricea, Burm. f. «B11

laricifolia, Lam. . . 246

lar icina, Berg. . . 293

Erica (con.)

laricina, Spreng. f. .

lasciva, Salish, 2.

lasiandra, Kl...

lasiocarpa, Guthr. ¢

Boles .

lasiocephala, KI. .

lasiophylla, Spreng. i

lateralis, Willd, . .>

latifolia, Andr. . .

lavandulefolia,

Salish. F

lawr enceana, Rolliss.

Lawsoni, Sims . .

Lawsonia, Andr,

lawsoniana, Benth. .-

laray ANY

lana, Lam:

laxagThanby, 2.

laxiflora, Buek . .

laxifolia, Steud. .

Leea, Andr. .

leeana, Dry...

var. (ony, gif,

Rach .. ,

var. pulchella,

Benth. -5. 4

leeana, Lodd. .

Lehmannii, A/. . .

leiophylla, Benth. .

lepidota, Rach . .

leptocarpha, 8 “ee

_ leptocephala, a

leptoclada, ‘Van

Heurck § Muell.

var. aristata, Bolus

leptophylla, Kl...

leptopus, Benth...

var. breviloba,

eae es

var. piquetbergen-

ein, Bolts 2's,

leptostachya, Guthr.

§& Bolus 84

Lerouxia, Bolus. .

leucantha,G. Don.

leucantha, Link...

leucanthera, Andy. .

leucanthera, Linn. f.

ec —. i

leuco) i

var. — ephebioides,

Bolus

— pubescens,

Jehaphelt Kl.

leucosepala, Kl...

leucostoma, Tausch .

Lichtensteinii, Kl.

Sime, Rhy 8 es

1148

ERICA (con.)

lineata, Benth. . .

linifolia, Salish. .

Linnxa

var. superba, Andry.

Linnzana

var. curviflora,

Rolliss. .

var. superba, Lodd.

linneoides, Andr.

litoralis, Kegel .

longiaristata, Benth.

longifissa, Kl. .

longiflora, Salisb.

longifolia, Ait. . .

var.ampliata, Bolus

var. contracta,

Bolus ;:

var. maritima,

Bolts sig: ces

var. squarrosa,

Bolus tak 5

var. viridis, Bolus

longipedicellata,

Holm. « . 4s

nents,

longipedunculata,

Wender. 3...

longipes, Bartl.

longipes, Kl, ..

longisepala, Guthr,

SOME fA ches

lucida, Salish. 2.

var. laxa, Bolus

var. pauciflora,

Boles 40 Vadose

lutea, Berg. . .

var, alba, Sincl.

lychnidea, Wendl.

PI NEST

lycopodtifolia, Salisb.

‘ycopodioides, Hornem.

lyrigera, Salisb. . .

lysimachizflora,

Seah. 0 dine

macilenta, Guthr. &

Bah. wedi ve

macnabiana, Paxt. .

MacOwanii, Cufino .

macra, Guthr, &

BONES 5 oy es «

macroloma, Benth. .

macrophylla, Ki. .

“igen agg Guthr. §

pomine, Ah esis p

INDEX,

ERICA (con.)

maculosa, Tausch 107

Maderi, Guthr. &

Bolus . 228

mesta, Bolus 215

magnifica, Andy. . 314

malleolaris, Salisb. 205

mammosa, Zinn, . 53

var. minor, Andr. 53

var. pallida, Lodd. 53

mammosa, Thunb. 86

margaritacea, Soland, 186

marginata, Bartl. 260

marginata, Benth. 294

Marie, Guthr. ¢

Bolus . arena

marifolia, Soland. 140

var. longifolia,

Wendl. . . 140, 278

marioides, Hort... . 129

maritima, Guthr. &

BOMBS veias ayy BET

Marlothii, Bolus. . 147

marnockiana,T.,Moore 314

Massoni, Linn. f. . 90

var. minor, Benth. 90

Massonia, Andr.. . 90

mauritanica, Linn. . 178

Maximiliani, Guthr.

§ Bolus 69

media, K/. . sO

medioliflora, Salisb. . 808

melanachme, Guthr.

GF: BOWE eine ne BBA

melanthera, Linn. 304

melanthera, Lodd. 307

melanthera, Thunb. . 301

melastoma, Andr. 48

mellifera, Link . 128

mellifiua, Sa'isb. . 82

mera, K). ee,

mertensiana, Wendl, 81

metuleflora, Andr. 86

var. discolor, Andr. 86

metuleflora, Curt. . 314

var. bicolor, Rolliss. 314

metuleflora, Kl... 88

Meuroni, Benth. 88

meyeriana, Kl... 259

micrandra, Guthr. §

US ans 189

microcalya, Regel 311

microcodon, Guthr. §

Bolus . .. 226, 1127

microstoma, Berg. . 164

milleflora, Berg. vom 168

minute, Ble ecciicg DIS

minuteflora, Andr, . 216

minutissima, A/. . 223

: Page

ERICA (con.)

mirabilis, Andy. 314

Missionis, Bolus . 230

mitreformis, Salisb.. 131

modesta, Salish. . 130

modesta, Sincl. 132

mollearis, Pers. 205.

mollis, Andr. 131

mollissima, Lodd. Sid

monadelpha, Curt. 51

monadelphia, Andr.. 50

moniliformis, Salisb. 275

Monsonix, Bauer 267

Monsonix, Bot. Mag. 267

monsoniana, Linn, f. 267

var. exserta, K/. 267

montana, Sincl. . 283

monticola, K}. 302

mooreana, Lem. 314

moschata, Andr. 301

moschata, Lodd. . 105

mucosa, Linn. cee

var. _ brevifolia,

Benth. . . 193

var. crenata,

Benth. 194

mucosoides, Lodd. 193

mucronata, Andr, 297

multiumbellata,

Benth. . . > 193

ag eats

Berg. «:sh oy AOS

multumbellifera.

Hort. a ps 178

multumbellifera,

Tonusch =. 314

muliwmbraculata,

Tanwch . <x 129

munda, Salisb. . . 293

Mundii, Guthr. §

Bolus . _. 151, 1126

mundtiana, Kl. . . 305

mundula, Andr. 102

muricata, Wendl. f. . 305

murina, Kl... 124

murrayana, Thuvb.. 314

Muscari, Andr. . . 105

muscicapa, Tausch . %4

mutabilis, Audr. . . 314

mutica, Tausch . . 311

myriantha, Bartl. 246

myriocodon, Guthr.

G Bolus. « » 145

Nabea, Guthr. §

Bolus. 5 uence

nana, Salish... + 68

natalitia, ‘— = arya BOS

3 ecta, G. Ds. i ‘tes

sematphyily it Guth.

— § Bolus

188 ee

Page

ERICA (con.)

nemorosa, Al. . . 287

nervata, Guthr. ¢

Bolus. Gal. axcle 9 G08

nidicularia,G. Don . 129

nidiflora, Salish. . 105

nidularia, Lodd. 128

nigrescens, Steud. 294

nigricans, Lodd. . . 294

nigrimontana, (uth.

F Boles! 29 Go ops 24

nigrita, Linn. 293

nigrita, Roxb. . 293

nitens, Bartl. 3. \4~ 296

nitens, Lee ie gods

nitens, Sincl..« 4: 811

nitida, Andr.. . . 198

nitidula, Hort. . . 294

nivalis, Andr. . . 113

nivea, Sincl. . vr 892

Niveni, Benth. . . 89

Nivenia, Andr. . . = 89

var. longiftora,

Aad Fe 6. te% - 88

nobilis, Guthr.

Bolus Ss ee ee B6T

nodiflora, Ki, . . 262

var. delapsa, Bolus 263

nodiflora, Salisb. . 346

noleflora, Salisb. . 206

notabilis, Wendl. . 97

nubigena, Bolus, . 196

nudicaulis, Berg.. . 172

nudiflora, Hort. . 129

nudiflora, Linn, 164, 1126

nutans,G. Don . . 179

nutans, Wendl. . . 164

Oatesii, Rolfe . . 87

var. latifolia, Bolus 87

obbata, Andy. . . 95

var. umbellata,

: Andes. stg 95

obcordata, Sincl. . 262

obesa, Tausch . oe

obliqua, Thunb...

oblonga, Sincl. . . 314

oblongiflora, Benth. . 200

oblongifolia, Steud. . 201

obpyramidalis, Salish. 122

obtecta, Tausch . . 262

obtusa, Lodd.. . . 282

obtusata, A/. . 159

obvallaris, Salisb. . 262

ocellata, Guthr. &

Bolus... Se. 157

Wendi. f. 311)

——" ectophylla, Thunb. . 89| papyrae

A opdorata, Andre 201, 1127 |, Bolus

INDEX.

ERICA (con.)

odorata, Spreng. .

oligantha, Guthr.

Olus . 4

ollula, Andr. .

onosmeflora, Salish,

onusta, Guthr. &§

Bolus 6

oophylla, Benth.

oppositifolia, Andr. .

var. alba, Lodd. .

var. rubra, Andr. ,

var. rubra, Lodd. .

opulenta, Wendl.

orbicularis, Lodd.

oreophila, Guthr.

Bolus ives.

oresigena, Bolus.

var. intermedia,

Bolts. 3 6%

var. mollipila, Bolus

ornata, Kl...

ostrina, Lodd. ..

ostrina, Rolliss. .

ovata, Lodd. .

+ « Goes

e Soe

ovinty Rh ae 26,

var, purpurea, Bolus

oxyandra, Guthr. §

Bolas 3s ey

oxycoccifolia, Savisb.

ge Guthr. §

as. sia

var. pubescens,

Guthr. § Bolus

Pabsti, Regel « .

pachycephala, Kl. .

pachyphylla, Spreng.

J .

pirat Salisb. .

pallens, Andr. .

pallens, Spreng. .

paltescens, Kl.

pallida, Lod...

pallida, Salisb. ..

pallida, Wendl. .

lidifora, Kl. .

palliiflora, Salish.

paludosa, Salisb. .

palustris, Andr. .

paniculata, Zinn.

paniculata, Lodd.

paniculata, Thunb, .

ie tg Red ee, A. a, AG SI Nh A, Se ees

ot Erica (con.)

parilis, Salish . . 209

var. parviflora,

Benthesiay 65s9:> B10

Parmentieri, Lodd. 106

parviflora, Linn, , 125

var. exigua, Bolus 126

var. hispida, Bolus 126

var. inermis, Bolus 126

var. puberula, Bolus 126

var. tenuifolia, i

BONE 6's ee 186

parvula, (ruth.

Bobs nee 6 ey 170

Passerine, Montin 304

passeringfolia, Salish. 304

patens, Andr. . . 134

Patersoni, Lodd.. . = 67

patersonia, Andr. . 67

var. major, Andr.. 67

patua, Kl. . 262

patula, E. Meyer 222

pauciflora, Steud. . 68

pavetteflora, Salish,

101, 107

Paxtoni,Gent.&Carr, 311

pectinata, Bartl., . 333

pectinata, K/. .. . 96

pediceliata, Kl... 105

peduncularis, Salisb. 176

pedunculata, Andr. . 172

pedunculata, Wendl. 179

pellucida, Soland. . 106

pellucidioides, Sincl. . 311

peltata, Andy, . * . 289

pelviformis, Salisb. . 178

pendula, lodd. . . 179

penicillata, Andr. . 50

penicillata, Benth, . 49

penicillifiora, Salish.

penicilliformis, Salisb. 248

pentaphylla, Linn, , 137

periploceflora, Salisb, 294

perlata,Lee . . . 140

perlata, Sincl, . . 134

persoluta, Curt... 178

_ persoluta, Linn. . . 186

var. Aispidula,

Beath, .¢.i. 16

var. /evis, Benth.. 183

var. major, Wi 185

perspicua, +) O14

~ 80

1150

ERICA (con.)

perspicuoides, Sincl.. 314

petiolaris, Lam. . 279

petiolata, Thunb. 279

Petiveri, Linn. . . 47

var. hirsuta,

Andr. ee 48

var. intermedia,

Bolus 6232 fe" AT

var. melastoma,

Benth. . 48

var. pubescens,

Bole 5 ki RA

var. Willdenovii,

Bolus 48

Petiveri, Lodd. . 48

petiveriana, Andr. 48

var. aurantiu,

Ande 260% 48

Petiverii, Willd. . 48

var. B, Salisb. 49

var. B, Thunb. 48

var. fusca, Wendl. 48

var. dutea, Wendl. 48

petrea, Benth. 160

Peziza, Lodd, 114

pharetreformis,

Salish. 4 8607 15ST

phylicefolia, Salisb. . 59

phylicoides, Willd. 208

physantha, Benth. . 242

var. aristulata,

Bolts! 0% 1127

physodes, Zinn. . . 199

physophylla, Benth. 144

‘pitta, Simel. Pe: 48

pigra,Soland. . . 262

paifera, Blok 6 e188

pilifera, Thunb. .

pilosa, Lodd. . . Se

piluleformis, Benth.. 172

piluaris, Benth. .

pilularis, Lodd. .

pilulifera, Andr. =. 198

pilulifera, Berg. . . 195

pilulifera, Linn... 172

pilulifera, Wendl. «152

_piluliformis, Salisb. . 172

pinea, Andr.. 66

pinea, Rolliss. 314

var. purpurea,

beodd.. OD

var. purpurea,

Rollie... .-. «(314

pinea, Thunb. “ os 80

- var. argentiflora,

“i Bolus 5 ie 3 . .

var... : i

INDEX,

ERICA (con.)

pinguis, Kl... 314

pinifolia, Andy. . 66

var. coccinea, Andr. 66

var. coccinea,

Rolliss. . spl

var. discolor, Andr. 66

var. . discolor,

Rolliss. . . 34

var. elegans,Rolliss. 314

pinifolia, Salisb. . 64

piniformis, Wend!. . 66

pistilaris, Soland. 169

pityrophylla, Spreng. 65

placentzflora, Salish, 245

planifolia, Linn, 142

var. _calycina,

Bolte ese ase rt A2

var. robusta, Rach = 155

planifolia, Wendl. 149

Plukeneti, Linn, 50

var. bicarinata,

Bolus Se ale

var. brevitolia,

Bolus. ix 50

plukenetia, Andy. 50

var. albens, Andr. 50

var. nana, Andr. . 50

plukenetiana, Bauer. 50

Plukenetii, Berg. . 50

var. B,Thunb. . 49

var. — conferta,

Wendl. 2045. 49

var. dregeana, KI. 49

var. eckloniana, Kl. 49

var. inflata, Wendl.

49, 50

var. interrupta,

Wendl, ui veer) 60

var. pinea, Wendl. 50

var. pinifolia,

Wendliss® .c4 50

plumigera, Bartl. 272

plumosa, Andy. 206

plumosa, Thunb. 339, 348

plumosa, Wendl. . 77

podophylla, Benth, . 120

pogonanthera, Barti, 243

polifolia, Salish, 158, 1126

var. equalis, Bolus 158

polyantha, Kl 306

polycodon, Benth. . 287

polycoma, Benth. 191

polygaleflora, Kl. =. 262

polytricha, Sweet . 75

pomifera, Hort. . . 270

porrigens, Bart ~« 246

spreces, Khia? as 98

precox, aoa Pe

priegnans, sere 100

Page

ERICA (con.)

prvgnans, Soland. 95

prenitens, Tuusch 104

prestans, Andy, . 105

var. laxiflora,

Benth: ¢ eae

preusta, Bartl. . 115

primulina, Bolus 51

primuloides, Andy, 514

princeps

var. cornea, Rolliss. 314

Priori, Guthr. § Bolus 216

procera, Wendl... 71

procumbens, Lodd. 134, 135

prolifera, Salisb. . 186

propendens, Andr. 121

propinqua, Guthr. §

Bolus . a

protrudens, Link 311

pseudovestita, Benth. 314

puberula, Bartl. . 126, 191

puberula, Klee 60

escens, Andr. . 131

fees hispida,Thunb. 131

var. minima, Andr. 135

var. pilosa, Wend]. 131

pubescens, Curt. . 125

pubescens, Linn. 138

var. pilosa, Thunb. 138

var. villosa, Thunb. 125

pubescens, Sieb, . + 132

pubigera, Salish. —- 115

pudibunda, Salisb. . 165

pugionifolia, Salisb. . 110

pulchella, Houtt. 208 —

pulchella, Salisb. 181

pulchella, Thunb. 69, 211

puichella, Willd... 87

pulcherrima, Rolliss. ats

pulchra, Salisb. .— -

‘pulverulenta, Sincl. . 311

pulvinata, Guthr. 5

Bolus este

var. montana,

Guthr. & Bolus 211

pulviniformis, Salisb.

~ 60, 88

pumila, Andr. 283

punctata, Bart). 155, 219

punicea, Rolliss. . + 314

pura, Lodd. . 154, 135

pura, Sincl. 2 + +) 66

purialis, Hort. . - 138

_ purpurea, Andr. +

var, argentiflord,

Benth... 0 = 61

Page |

ERICA (con.)

pusilla, Thunb. . . 1126

pycnantha, Benth. 256

pygmea, Andr. . 120

pyramidalis, Salisb. . 246 |

pyramidalis, Soland. 121 |

var. vernalis, Benth. 122

pyramidiformis,

Weetic 2426007 sex 322

pyroleflora, Salisb. . 278

pyxidiflora, Salish. 205

quadreflora, Salisb. . 182

quadrangularis, Andr, 314

quadrangularis,

Salish. hae

quadrata, Lodd. . . 197

quadriflora, Andr. . 174

quadrifiora, Kl, . . 76

quadrifiora, Willd, . 311

quadrifolia, Pritz. . 174

quadrifossa, Salisb, . 53

quinquangularis,

Berg ioc hw sie 246

racemifera, Andr. 207

racemosa, Thunb. 159

Rachii, Regel . . S11

radiata

var, discolor, Andr. 314

radiiflora, Salisb, . 89

ramentacea, Linn, . 192

ramosissima, Roxb. . 222

ramosissima, Wendl, = 132

ramulosa, Bartl.. . 246

recta, Bolus... 1126

recurvata, Andr. . 236

refleca, Link. . ~ 199

refulgens, Andr. 76, 314

regerminans, Andr, . 178

regerminans, Hort, . 186

Benth. . . « 208

regia, Bartl,. . . 62

variegata,

poe. ee 82

var. williana, Bolus 62 |

resinosa, Bot. Mag. . 202 |

retorta, Montin . . 92

var. major, Rolliss. 314

retrofleca, Wendl, . 208

retusa, Tausch . . 311)

revolvens, Bartl.. . 50)

rhodantha, Guth. §

Bolet ge nds ec wi BBS

rhodopis, Bolws . . 97

ribisaria, Guthr. §

= ABZ

20E

pao’

INDEX.

Page

Erica (con.)

rigidifolia, Wendl, . 296

rigidiuscula, Wendl. . 59

Rinzii, Regel . 311

rollissonia, Sincl. 311

Rollissoni, Rolliss. . 314

rosea, Andr.. . . 314

rosea, Lichts. . 207

rostella, Sincl. . 248

rostellum, Spreng. . 248

rostrata, Bartl. . . 248

Roxburghii, Benth 81

rubella, Bot. Mag. 255

rubens, Benth. 177

rubens, Lodd. » 1127

rubens, Zhaunb. 176

var. Aumilis,;Wend]l. 179

rubercalyx, Andr. . 314

rubicunda, Kl... 259

rubida, Lodd. =. «B14

rubrocalla, Rolliss. . 314

rubrocalyx, Gent. &

Cerne as alla S14

rubrosepala, Sweet . 314

rufescens, A/, . . 112

var. minor, Gols = 112

rugosa, r. oe

rupestris, Andr.. . 279

rupestris, Salisb 0267

rupicola, Kl. . . 187

russelliana, Lodd. 311

russelliana, Rolliss. . 315

sacciflora, Salish, . 67

sagittata, Kl... «321

sainsburyana, Andy. . 100

salax, Salish, . . 221

salisburia, Andr.. . 59

sanguinea, Lodd. =. 315

sanguinolenta, Lodd. = 120

satureioides, Sond. . 151

saturejexfolia, Tausch 311

savilea, Andr. . . 98

var. grandiflora,

FOR ig i 98

savileana, Sweet . 99

savileia, Andr. 99

Savilliw, Lodd. . . 99

saxicola, Guth. &

Bolas isi NS

scabra, F. W. Sch. 512

scabra, Thunb, . . 363

scabriuscula, Drege . 152

scabriuscula, Link . 312

seabriuscula, Lod, . 173

scariosa, Berg. . - 241

scariosa, Ledd. . ~- 281

i Thunb...» 49

iformis, Salisb. 5

Schlechteri, Bolus . 194

-_scholliana,

1151

ERICA (con.)

scoliostoma, Kl...

scytophylla, Guthr. §

BUR Bie es

Sebana, Donn

var. aurantia, Andy.

var. /utea, Andr. .

var. lutea, Lodd. .

var, nana, Andr. .

var. spicata, Andr.

var. viridis, Andry.

secundiflora, Tauseh ,

selaginifolia, Sa/ish.

semisulcata, Drege.

seniliss Al. 06 (eats

sequax, Salisb. ‘

seriphiifolia, Su/ish. .

serpyllifolia, Andr. .

serrata, Thunb. . 218,

serratifolia, Andr. .

serrulata, Sincl. .

sertiflora, Salisb. —.

sessiliflora, Andry.

sessiliflora, Linn. f. .

var. __ claveflora,

BOA ies ele

var. oblanceolata,

BOMB 8S. ee

var. sceptriformis,

Bolus we

sessiliflora, Wendl. .

setacea, Andr. . .

setacea, E. Meyer.

pelijera, Bless acs

se Bark. 6s

setulosa, Benth...

sexfaria, Ait. . .

shalliana, Hort. . 335

shannonea, Andr.

shannoneana, Spreng.

Shannoni, Lodd.. .

Shannonix, Sweet.

shannoniana, Benth. .

sicefolia, Salish. .

sieberiana, Kl...

simplicifolia, Steud. .

simulata, T. Moore

pitiens, Ad. cox

smithiana, Lodd. .

socciflora, Salisb.

sodalis, Kl...

Solandra, Andi. .

solandriana, Benth. .

solandroides, Andr. .

sonderiana, Guthr. 6

BUA i 8

sordida, Andr. .

sordida, Drége . .

_ Sparrmanni, Linn. 7.

eparea, Kl. 2 we

ee ee

Page

105

162

47.

211

279:

279

235-

199

299

219

418

251

164

5b»

1152 INDEX.

Page | Page | Page

ERICA (con.) | Erica (con.) ERICA (con.)

sparsa, Lodd. 288 | suaveolens, Andr. . 315] togata,Sims.. . . 253

speciosa, Andr. 74) suavis, Bartl. 301 togatoides, Forbes 262

var. tomentosa, Kl. 735 subdivaricata, Berg. tomentosa, Salish. 115

speciosa, Lodd. 75 185, 1127 tortulifiora, Rolliss. . 315

speciosa, Schneev. 53 subserrata, Roxb. 251 tortuosa, Lodd. 312

speciosissima, Kl, 64] subterminalis, KA. 140] totta, Bartl. . . 333

spectabilis, K7/. 195 | subulata, Wendl. 172| . totta; Thanb: <> = v3es

spectabilis, Waitz. 57| subverticillaris, Diels 224| trachysantha, Bolus 303

spenceriana, Planch, 315 var. revoluta, Bolus 224/ tragulifera, Salisb. 198

spherantha, Link 312} suffulta, Wendl. 243 |} translucens, Andy. 315

sphexrantha, Spreng.. 312} suleata, Benth. . . 72} translucens, Wendl. 100

spherocephaia, sulcata, Hornem. 312 transparens, Andr. 315

Wendlond oo. 228 | sulfurea, Andr. .. . 72) transparens, Berg. 103

_ sphenanthera, Tuusch 52 superba, Hoffmgg. 312] étransparens,Lodd. . 79

spicata, Thunb. . . 55! superba, Sweet . . 59] transparens, Thunb.. 122

var. ciliata, Benth. 55)| swainsonia, Andr. 315 triceps, Link . 247

spireeflora, Salisb. 285 swainsoniana, Rolliss. 315) trichadenia, Bolus 138

spiralis, Lodd. . . 312 syndriana, Hort.. . 312 trichoclada, Guthr. ¢

spirans, Hoffmgg. . 201) tardiflora, Salisb. 126, 131 Bolus 8 147

spissifolia, Salisb. . 67| taxifolia, Bauer. . 256| triehophora, Benth. 125

splendens, Andr. . 86 var. major, Andr.. 256} trichophylla, Benth. 187

var. minor, Bolus. 87) tegulefolia, Swish. . 274| trichroma, Benth. . 96

splendens, Wendl. 73| templea,Lee. . . 315 var. imbricata,

splendida, Mackay 312| tenella, Andr... . 180 Bolus: caxsgen OF

Sprengelii, Endl. . 315 var. gracilior, tricolor, Niven . . 97

Sprengelii, Sweet 181 ‘Bolue p38 e181 tricolor, Rolliss. . 315

spumosa, Linn. . 240| tenera,Kl. . . 185 var. elegans, Rolliss. 315

spumosa, Roxb. . . 244) tenuicaulis, KJ. . . 145 var. impressd,

spumosa, Thunb, 240| tenuiflora, Andr. . 102 Rolliss. . . . 315

spumosa, Wendl. 247 var. alba, Andr. . 102 var. major, Rolliss. 315

spuria, Andr. 315 var. carnea, Andr. 315 var.superba,Rolliss. 315

squameflora, Salisb.. 246 tenuifolia, Hort.. . 191} — tricolor, Spreng. . 237

sguamosa, Andry. 274| tenuifolia, Linn. . 254] trifaria, Kl. rp ee

squarrosa, Salish. 91 tenuipes, Guthr. & triflora, Lown. 277

stagnalis, Salisb. 72 Bolus.5) fk eds var.ar istata, Wendl. 278

staminea, Andr. 286 tenuis, Moench 312 yar. rosea, Benth, 278

steinbergiana, tenuis, Salish. . 223] — triphylla, Link 312

Wendl. f. . . 255) tenuissima, Wendl. . 184 tristis, Bartl. =. 317

var. abbreviata, teretiuscula, Wendl... 258| fristis, KL... 99

Bolus. . . 255| terminalis, Kl. . . 96] triumphans, Lodd. . 270

stellata, Lodd. . . 232) tetragona, Linn. f. . 110} trossula, Lodd. . 315

stellifera, Audr. . 315| tetraloba, Roxb. . «236 var. rubra, Lodd, . 315

stenantha, K/. . 286 | tetrastigmata, Bolus. 258| tubercularis, Salisb.

stenantha, Sweet 102| tetrathecoides, Benth. 299 97, 1125

stenoma, Tausch. . 278) teucriifolia, Spreng. . 312) tubiflora, Linn. . . TL

stenophylla, Benth. . 183] thalictriflora, Lodd. . 286| — tubiflora, Rolliss. 315

straminea, Wendl. 136| thimifolia, Wend!. . 149| tubiflora, Roxb. . . 72

strictiflora, Steud. 57| Thodei, Guthr. & tubifora, Willd... 71

strictifolia, K1. ea Be Bolus . . .. . 284] tubiuscula, Sincl. 125

strigiliflora, Steud. . 84| Thomsonii,Lem. . 315| tubulosa,Sm. . . 71

strigilifolia, Salish. . 84 thunbergia, Andy. . 308| tubulosa, Wendl.. . 315

var. rosea, Bolus . 84)| Thunbergii, Montin 307| tumida, Ker-Gawl. . 86

strigosa, Soland. . 152| thymifolia, Andr. . 142 tunicata, Bartl. . 262

strigosa, Wendl... . 186 var, a, Salisb.. . 142) turbinata, Andr. . 241

_ struthiefolia, Steud. 259 var. B,Salisb. . 142| turbiniflora, Sulish, . 177 —

struthioleflora, Lodd. 312 var. y, Salisb. . 149 var. aristata, Bolus 177

struthiolefolia, Bartl. 259 | thymoides, Ki. . 154| turgida, Link . . 256°

; pk ie . 233| thyrsoidea, Tausch . °187| turgida, Salish. . . 128

246 Y ' 246 | —_ Rolliss.. as

ERICA (con.)

Page

turmalis, Salish, 234, 1127

turrigera, Salisb.

Tysoni, Bolus

uhria, Andy. .

var. pilosa, Andy. .

umbellata, Bartl.. .

umbettifera, Wendl. .

umbelliflora, A7.

uncifolia, Salisb..

undulata, Andr.

unibracteata, K}.

unica, Spreng.

unicolor, Wendl.

uniflora, Burm. f.

unilateralis, A7. .

urceolaris, Berg. .

var. = auricularis,

Benth. .

urceolaris, Salisb.

Urna-viridis, Bolus .

ursina, Lee. :

ustulescens, Guthr. g

Bolus _ 0

Vallis-Gratia, Guthr.

§ Bolas ae

Vanheurckii, Muell.

varia, Lodd. ..

variifolia, Salish.

velitaris, Salish. .

var. 8, Benth.

var. hemispherica,

Bolus: Ved oy

velleriflora, Salisb.

velutina, Bart]. .

venosa, Gent. & Carr.

ventricosa, Thunb. .

var. alba, Rolliss.. .

var. bothwelliana,

Corte Sow 6

var. carnea, Rolliss.

Benth. .

var, nana, Rolliss.

var. purpurea,

Rolliss, .

var, stltifera,

Rolliss, .«.

ventrosa, Sweet .

venusta, Hort. :

Wenusta, Kl. fo e525

venusta, Salisb.

venusta, Sincl.

verecunda, Lodd, .

verecunda, Salish.

vernalis, Lodd. ‘

vernicifiua, Lodd. .

vernix, Andr.

174

150

165

181

197

207

315

220

172

312

171

137

139

200

312

315 |

B15

312

107

100

106

180

122

312

202

var. longiflora, Andr, 202

var, rubra, Rolliss.

315

INDEX,

ERICA (con.)

Vernoni, Gent. &

Carrey 2

versicolor, Wendl.

var. ciliata, Wendl.

var. longiftora,

ANGKS 2) ean

var, major, Lodd .

var. —

Bolus

verticillaris, Salish. .

verticillata, Andr. .

yerticillata, Berg.

var. _Roxburgii,

Bolus. !

vesicaria, Soland.

vesicularis, Salisb.

vespertina, Linn. f. .

vestiflua, Salish. .

vestita, Drége .

vestita, Thunb. .

var. alba, Andr.

var. blanda, Rolliss.

var. carnea, Andr.

var. coccinea,

Andr. .

var. coccinea, Bot.

Mag.

var. coccinea,

Wendl, a:cc2 4

var. elegans, Rolliss.

var. formosa,

Wendl. es

var. fulgida, Andr.

var. fulgida, Rolliss.

. . .

var. incarnata,

Andry 2 a,

var. incarnata,

Rollins. see:09

var. /utea, Andr. .

var. purpurea,

Andr. 2 678

var. rosea, Andr. .

var. rosea, Rolliss.

vestitoides, Regel

villosa, Andr.

villosa, Wendl. .

villosiuscula, Lodd. .

vilmoreand, Hort. .

villmoriniana, Hort. .

viminalis, Salish. =.

violacea, Kl...

virescens, Link

wnicerdig, heim ‘

vir unb. .

i Thunb.

virgata, Wendl. “ens

virginalis, Al. . .

virgularis, Salish. F

viridescens, Lodd.

VOL, IV,—SECT. I.—PART VI.

315

1153

104°

Page

ERIcA (con.)

viridiflora, Andr. 52

viridipurpurea, Zinn. 178

Giridis, ANY... ois iu 7, 66

viscaria, Bauer 211

viscaria, Linn. #ic219

var. decora, Bolus 211

var, hispida, Bolus 211

viscaria, Roxb, 257, 1127

viscida, Salish. . . 210

viscida, Wendl. . 67

viscosa, Steud. 67

voluteflora, Salisb. . 293

Walkeri, Lodd. . 105

walkeria, Andr. 104

var, prestans,Bolus 105

var. rubra, Andr. .

walkeriana, Benth. 104

webbiana, Kolliss. 315

wendlandiana, K/. . 82

westphalingia, Hort... 315

willmoreana, Hort. 315

willmoriana, Hort. 315

Willmorei, Knowles

& West 315

Woodii, Bolus . 214

xanthina, Guthr. &

BME net ris 354 OF

xeranthemifolia,

Salish... 336

xerophila, Bolus . 74

Zeyheri, Bartl. 276

Zeyheri, Spreng. f. . 96

ERICACEZ . . 2,1123

Ericinetia, Kl. . . 318

multiflora, A/, 318, 1127

passerinoides, Bolus. 318

Evenea, Murr. . . 460

acutifolia, Z. ae tal -~

angustifolia, woe 6

coriacea, ADC... . 463

crispa, Giirke . 469

daphnoides, Hiern . 472

Desertorum, Eckl. &

Zeyh. . Se ps 8

Divinorum, Hiern . 469

dregeana, A.DC.. . 462

elliptica, ADC. . . 462

ferruginea, Bernh, . 462

Guerkei, Hiern . . 466

humilis, Eckl. & Zeyh. 468

kraussiana, Bernh. . 463

lancea, Thunb. . . 464

lanceolata, #. Meyer 467

var. glabrescens,

A. DC. . . . 468

linearis, Zeyh. . . 466

macrophylla, Drége . 471

macrophylla,

E. Meyer... 472

1154

EUCLEA (con.)

oh cordatum, Linn. f. .

Page

multiflora, Hiern . 470

myrtina, Burch. . 475

natalensis, A.DC. 471

ochrocarpa, E. Meyer 468

ovata, Burch. 468

var. glabra, A.DC.

468, 469

var. hispida, A.DC. 469

forma undulata,

Marks te G2 469

polyandra, Z. Meyer 461

pubescens, Eckl. &

Peete oe ae aT

Pseudebenus,

x Ey MMeyeros 465

racemosa, L’Heérit. 474

racemosa, Murr... . 473

var, Burchellii,

Hiern... 6 474

vigida,E. Meyer, . 465

rufescens, Drége 468

_wufescens, E. Meyer . 469

Spy Burehs§. 2.4. 475

suberifolia, Parm, . 460

tomentosa, H. Meyer 462

undulata, Thunb, 474

var. myrtina,Hiern 475

Euphorbia

viminalis, Linn. . 756

Euphorbium

erectum quadrangu-

lare, etc., Burm. . 882

Eupodia

purpurea, Raf, 1110

Huremia

bartlingiana, Rach 333

totta, Rach .°. 333,

Eustecia, R: Br... . 759

jiliformis, E. Meyer. 762

filiformis, Schultes . 761

fraterna, V. #. Br. . 760

var. pubescens,

BR. BB OO

hastata, R. Br. ... . 761

‘hastata, Sieber . 554

hastata, Spreng. . 760

humilis, %. Meyer . 762

lonchitis, EK. Meyer . 762

lonchitis, Schlechter . 762

macropetala,

Schlechter... « 762

minuta, &. Br. . 761

plicata, Schinz . 763

Evalthe

jasminoides, Raf. 1114

Exacum

albens, Linn. f. . 1063

aureum, Linn. f.. . 1066

INDEX.

Exocu =N1uM, Griseb.

grande, Griseb, . .

var. homostylum,

A, W. Hill .

var. major, Schinz

Fanninia, Harv.

caloglossa, Harv. .

Faroa, Welw. .

salutaris, Welw.

Finckea

bruniades, Kl. .e

eriocephala, Kl...

Flanagania

orangeana, Schlechter

Fockra, Endl. .

angustifolia,

A, Schum.

capensis, Mundi, . .

-Comaru, NV. H. Br. .

crispa, K. Schum.

edulis, Schlechter

glabra, Decne... «

sessiflora, Schlechter.

tugelensis, V. EL. Br.

undulata, WV. £. Br. .

Fritillaria

crassa = promontorii,

etc., Stapel. .

Gentiana

albens, Thunb, . .

aurea, Thunb, .

exacoides, Linn...

verticillaris, Retz.

verticillata, Linn. f. .

GENTIANEZ .. .

GLOSSOSTEPHANUS,

~ E. Meyer . ..

linearis, B. Meyer

Gomphocarpus

acerateoides,

Schlechter

adscendens,

Schlechter

affinis, Schlechter

alatus, Schlechter .

albatus, Schlechter .

albens, Decne. ts

appendiculatus, Decne

arborescens, R. Br. .

arborescens Sprenger

arenarius, Schlechter

asclepiaceus,

Schlechter. . .

asper, Decne . .«

asperifolius, Walp. .

aureus, Schlechter .

brevicuspis, Dietr. .

_ brevipes, Schlechter .

campanulatus, Harv..

— concinnus, Schlechter |

Gomphocarpus (coi.)

concolor, Decne

corniculatus, Dietr. .

coronarius, Decne

crinitus, Bert.

crispus, KR. Br...

cucullatus, Schlechter

cultriformis, Harv. .

dealbatus, Decne .

depressus, Schlechter

diploglossus, Turcz. .

eminens, Harv.

eustegioides, Dietr.

expansus, Dietr. .

fallax, Schlechter.

filiformis, Dietr.. .

flexuosus, Dietr.. .

fragrans, Schlechter

frutescens, Dietr. «

- frutescens, E. Meyer

fruticosus, R. Br. «

var. tomentosus,

K.Schum. . .

fruticosus, Sims .

Galpinii, Schlechter .

geminatus, Schlechter

geminiflorus,

Schlechter . -

Gerrardi, Harv. .

gibbus, Dietr.

glaucophyllus,

Schlechter

gracilis, Dietr. . -

grandiflorus, Decne «

var. tomentosus,

Schlechter. -

harveyanus,

Schlechter. -. +

hastatus, E. Meyer -

var. angustifolius,

Meisn. . ‘

hispidus, Turez. .

humilis, Decne . .-

insignis, Schlechter .

interruptus, Dietr.

involucratus, Dietr.

lanatus, E. Meyer -

linearis, Dietr. . -

lincaris, Schlechter -

longifolius,

Schlechter «. -

marginatus, Decne .-

macer, Dietr. . +

Mackenii, Pritz. .

‘Schlechter

Turez.

McKenii, Harv... 7

INDEX.

Page | Page | Page

‘Gomphocarpus (con.) | GOMPHOSTIGMA, Turez, 1087 | GyMNEMA, R. Br... 782

meliodorus, Schlechter 700 | incanum, Oliv. 10388} fruticulosum, Hochst. 783

meyerianus, scoparioides, Turcz.. 1038 geminatum, Hiern. 783

Schlechter | humile, Decne. 733

multicaulis, Dietr. 679 “Welwitschii, | If? Kenit, Harv. . 783

multifiorus, Decne . 713 K. Schum... . . 774 | rufescens, Decne. 783

navicularis, Dietr. . 683 | Gontoma, E. Meyer 503 subvolubile, Decne 783

-ochroleucus, | Kamassi, Z. Meyer . 503 sylvestre, R. Br. 782

Schlechter . . 577 | var. brachycarpum, | Gypsocallis

orbicularis, Schlechter 575 E, Meyer 504 exprompta,G. Den , 364

ovatus, Schlechter . 576 | Gonostemon Hemax

oxytropis, Turez, 684 | divaricata, Haw. 957 Massoni,E, Meyer . 556

pachyglossus, divaricatum, Sweet . 957 | Heeria

Schlechter . . 578! divaricatus, Loud. . 957! «inermis, Meisn. . . 438

pachystephanus, Gordoni, Sweet . 900 | Heurnia

Schlechter 618) pallida,G. Don . - 957 | — barbata, Spreng. . 907

padifolius, Baker 575 pallidum, Sweet . 957 | — brevirostris,

parviflorus, pallidus, Loud. 957 K.Schum. . . 915

Schlechter . 577,578) stricta, Haw. 957 | campanulata, Spreng. 906

peltigerus, Dietr. 675 | — strictum, Sweet . 957 | clavigera, Spreng. . 908

physocarpus,E. Meyer 693)| — strictus, Loud. . . 957) humilis, K, Schum. . 917

_prunelloides, GRIsEBACHIA, KI, 337, 1128! Hystriz, K. Schum... 911

Schlechter 580/ alba, N.Z. Bre. . 344) ocellata, Spreng. . 918

rectinervis, apiculata, NV. £. Br. 341 primulina, K. Schum. 913

Schlechter 574 Bolusii, V. E. Br. . 340 reticulata, Spreng. . 921

weflectens, Decne. . 721) bruniades, Benth. . 356 tubata, Spreng. . . 907

revolutus, Dietr. . 676| ciliaris, Benth. . . 344, venusta, Spreng. oo BIS

vigidus, Decne . . 719) ciliaris, Ki... 339 on KL. . 336

var. tridens, Decne 719| dregeana, Benth. 342 _lanatus, Kl... 336

rivularis, Schlechter, 694 var. vestita, Zahlbr. 112% | Hippion oe

.seaber, Harv. . . 720| eremioides, MacOwan 349 Ayssopifolium,

.Schinzianus, var. eglandula, _Spreng. . . . 1117

Schlechter . . 728 N. BE. Br. . . 349) verticillatum,O.Kze 1117

-schizoglossoides, var. pubicalyx, Hoopta, Sweet . . 896

Schlechter. 686 N.E. Br, . . 349) albispina, NY. £. Bre. 900

Sehlechteri, eriocephala, Benth. , 356) Bainii, Dyer. . . 897—

_K, Schum. . Wid Witte, AG Oe S45 Barklyi, eee. 867

stenoglossus, incana, A7, . . . 344/ Dregei, N. £. Br. 897

Schlechter . . 588) duvolucrata, Kl. . 340| Gordoni, Sweet . . 899

-stockenstromensis, : involuta, Kl. . . 340) Gordonii,K.Schum.. 900

Schlechter . . 571) minutiflora,V¥.£. Br. 348 Pillansii, N. E. Br... 898

suaveolens, Niveni, ¥. Z. Br. . 343/Huernra,R. Br. . . 902

Schlechter . . . 670} nodiflora, VN. £. Br., 348) barbata, Fl. des Jard. 908

tenuis, Dietr. . . 618) Pentheri, Zahlbr. . 112%} barbata, Haw. . . 906

a. Burch. . 691 pilifolia, . E. Br. . 346 | var. crispa, Loud. . 907

plumosa, Af. «345. var. griquensis,

‘Schlechter POETS] | 5 seate weabra, NN. E: NE Be oo by

Dietg e e SA | var. tubata, NW. £.

yar. _-serrulata, | ee 907

eer. . 346 barbata, Schlechter -. <enOS1

rigida, N. 2. Br. . 343) brevirostris, N. 2.

serrulata, Benth. 346 | BP ei Bas

similis, V. 2. Br. 350 | var. — intermedia,

var. grata, NV. £. | Ne Bi BGS oe B56

son . 350/ campanulata, 2. Br. 905

welutinus, Schlechter 673) solivaga, N. E. Br. . 347 var. _ denticoronata,

virgatus, Dietr. . . 656) Thunbergii, Rach 347 | N. S408

wiridifiorus, Decne . 697| velleriflora, Ki. . 341 campanulata,

Woodii, Schlechter . 705) zeyheriana, A/.. . 342 Sprenger . 906

1156

HUERNIA (con.)

clavigera, Haw. .

var. maritima,

Ae Be Bras) 3

crispa, Haw.

distincta, VN. Z. Br.

duodecimfida, Sweet

flava, N. E. Br. .

guttata, R. Br. .

humilis, Haw. .

Hystrix, VN. £. Br. .

Kirkii, VY. 2. Br.

lentiginosa, Haw. .

leeseneriana,

Schlechter. ». «

longituba, VY. £. Br.

4 ee et eS

ocellata, Schultes .

Piersii, N. Z. Br. .

Pillansii, VN. LE. Br. .

prestans, V. #. Br. .

primulina, VY. £. Br.

var. rugosa, NV. E.

Ue eae) . . +

reticulata, Haw.. .

scabra, V. £. Br. .

ecornuta,

Nid. Bri kas

var. longula, NV. £.

Br. . . . .

yar. pallida, V. LZ.

re . . . .

simplex, V. £. Br. .

stapelioides,

Schlechter ., . .«

Thureti, Celis .

tubata, Haw... .

var. duodecimfida,

Lotid. 5.26 jm

venusta, R. Br. .

zebrina, V. £. Br.

Huerniopsis, N. E. Br,

decipiens, V. £. Br.

capensis, Sond, &

Harv. hi Wc

Imbricaria

obovata, Nees.

Jasminonerium

acuminatum, O. Kze .

bispinosum, O. Kze .

erythrocarpum,

©. Katia: s

Jerez, O. Kae’. i

grandiflorum, O. Kze

hematocarpum,

hk BSE eo

oblongifolium, O. Kze

_,tomentosum, O. Kze .

INDEX.

Page | Page

Jasminum, Linn. 479

907 | angulare, Vah/ . 481

var. _glabratum,

908 E. Meyer 481

907 | auriculatum,DC.. . 482

910| breviflorum, Harv. . 480

907 | capense, Thunb. « 481

913| flewile, Jacq. . - 482

918| Gerrardi, Harv. . . 480

917| glaucum, Ait. . 479

911 var. lanceolatum,

920 E. Meyer 80

919 var. latifolium,

E. Meyer ~ . 480

911 var. parvifolium,

912 _ EB. Meyer 480

918) glaucum, Vent. . 480

909 | gratissimum, Deflers. 482

909| ligustrifolium, Lam.. 480

914| mauritianum, Bojer. 482

912) multipartitum,

Hochst. 4 261+: 280

913} stenolobum, Rolfe 481

920| streptopus, 2. Meyer 481

916} tettense, Ki. . - 482

tortuosum, Willd. . 482

916| zanzibarense, Bojer . 482

Kiggelaria

916| dregeana,

var, obtusa, Harv... 474

916| éntegrifolia, Jacq. . 471

Kressta, Harv. . . 586

916| carinata, Schlechter. 568

913) corniculata,

Schlechter. . . 587

922| stenoglossa,

914 Schlechter . 588

907 | Labourdonnaisia

discolor, Sond. . 440

7| sericea, Bth. 440

919 | Lachnopylis

921 | oppositifolia,Hochst. 1041

922| ternifolia, Hochst. . 1042

922 | Lagarinthus

barbatus, Turez.. . 790

brevicuspis, E. Meyer 682

445| corniculatus,E. Meyer 587

eustegioides, E. Meyer 622

442| expansus,E. Meyer . 673

filiformis, E. Meyer . 689

499| flexuosus, E. Meyer . 681

499| gibbus,E. Meyer . 684)

gracilis, Meisn. . . 656

499 | gracilis, E. Meyer 654, 656

499| hispidus, Turez. . 619, 620

498| interruptus, E. Meyer 660

involucratus, E. Meyer 567

499 var. b, Drége . . 567

499| linearis, RB. Meyer.

497 f

Lagarinthus (con.)

microdon, Turez.

multicaulis, E. Meyer

. navicularis, E. Meyer

peltigerus, Meisn.

var. minor,

E. Meyer

tenellus, Turez.

735 | L

tenuis, Meisn.

tenuis, E. Meyer

truncatus, Meisn.

peltigerus, E. Meyer.

revolutus, E, Meyer -

truncatus, E. Meyer .

virgatus, E. Meyer

var. glabratus,

Meisn. .

Lagenias

pusillus, E, Meyer

LaGEnocareus, KI.

ciliatus, V. EZ. Br.

imbricatus, K/. .

tenuis, Benth. .

LANDOLPHIA, Beauv.

capensis, Oliv.

delagoensis, Pierre

Kirkii,

var. delagoensis,

Deut wks

Monteiroi, Dyer -

petersiana, Dyer

var. crassifolia,

macer, E. Meyer. . 794

W, wale

var. rotundifolia,

Dew. © ise

scandens,

var. petersiand,

Hall. f... 0%

var. rotundifolia,

Hall. f. asa

var. stuhlmanniand,

Hall. f. 6: 45°%

senensis, K. Schum.

Lantana

salvifolia, Linn... +

Lasiostelma

Benthamii, K. Schum.

Gerrardi, Schlechter

longifolium,

Schlechter .

macropetalum,

Schlechter .

nanum, Schlechter .

occidentale,

Schlechter . -

Menyanthes

capensis, Thank. » ed a

pages —

Page

Lepterica, N. E. Br. . 397

tenuis, V. £. Br. . 397

Leptopextia, Harv. . 540

Leucoxilon

laurinum, E. Meyer . 445

LIMNANTHEMoY, 8. M.

Gmels.g24 5s 1120

ecklonianum, Griseb.. 1121

Forbesianum, Griseb.. 1121

thunbergianum,

Crises.) a 1120

Lobostephanus

palmatus, N. E. Br. , 764

LocuneRA, Reichb. 504

rosea, Reichb. 504

Leeselia

ciliata, Linn... 445

LOGANIACEE . . 1036

Lophostephus

moltis, Harv... 866

Lubinia

atropurpurea, Link &

Otto 65 626 ised O7.

Lycium

cordatum, Mill, . . 499

LystMACHIA, Linn.. 427

atropurpurea, Hook. 427

nutans, Nees. . . 427

parviflora, Baker . 428

Woodii, Schlechter . 427

MAna, Forats) 606s 476

natalensis, Harv. . 476

Mackenia, Harv. 612

Macnabia

montana, Benth,. . 272

Macrolinum

titiatum, Kl. 2. 4 875

paucifolium, Kl... 376

Macroretatum, Burch. 798

Benthamii, K.Schum. 797

Burchellii, Decne . 798

var. grandiflora,

Ned Br. 2 3 i 199

filifolium, Schlechter 797

Mafekingia

parquetiana, Baill. . 539

Masa, Forsk. .)... 432

alnifolia, Hurv. . 433

angolensis, Gilg. . 433

rufescens, A.DC. . 432

Marspenia, R. Br. . 774

floribunda, VY. Z. Br. 774

Mernopora, Humb. &

5 Bonpl. i. si: -” 483

africana, Hook, . . 484

heterophylla, Moris. 484

juncea, Harv. . . 484

1120

ei AA DL:

INDEX,

Menyanthes (con.)

Page

ovata, Linn. f. » 1120

Metaplexis

mucronata, Spreng. . 745

Metastelma

costatum, Dietr. . 558

Micraster

pulchellus, Harv. . 847

Microtoma, R. Br. . 549

Burchellii, MW. #. Br. 555

calycinum, #. Meyer 552

var. flavescens,

Tt: Meyer; 4% 553

gibbosum, WV. £.Br. 552

glabratum, £. Meyer 553

' hastatum, Decne . 554

incanum, Decne . 555

lineare, R. Bree. 68 561

linearis, O. Kze 692551

longituba, Schlechter 555

Massonii, Schlechter. 556

. var. Dregei, WN. £.

Bie eh Pe SOG

namaquense, Bolus . 551

sagittatum, R. Br. . 554

var. B, E. Meyer . 555

var. incanum,

E. Meyer . . 555

tenuiflora,O. Kze . 551

tenuifolia, Schlechter 551

tenuifolium,

K. Schum. . 550

Microtrema

opulentum, Kl. + ATO

‘Mimvusops, Linn. . . 439

caffra, #, Meyer 441

concolor, Harv. . 443

discolor, Hartog . 440

dispar, NY. BE. Br. . 443)

marginata, VY. Z. Br. 441

natalensis, Zngil, . 440

natalensis, Schinz . 443

obovata, Harv. . . 442

obovata, Sond. . . 442

var, grandifolia,

Hare. > 448

oleifolia, WV. EH. Br. . 442

Schinzii, Zngl. . . 443

Woodii, Engl . . 440

Zeyheri, Sond. . . 441

Monetia

barlerioides, L’Hérit. 490

Monostemma

aphytlum, Turez. . 754

tetrapterum, Turez.. 754

Monothylaceum

Gordoni,G. Von =. 900

Muriea

discolor, Hartog erygedso

Myrsing, Linn. . . 434

Page

MYRSINE (con.)

africana, Linn. . . 434

var, retusa, ADC. 434

dioica, Aschers, &

Schw.i se): «itn jenn B4

Gerrardii, Harv. 436

gilliana, Sond. . 455

melanophleos, 2. Bre 435

retusa, Ait. . . . 434

ruminata, E. Meyer . 434

Samara,R.& 8... 435

venudosa, Spreng. . 435

Nabea

montana, Lehm. . 272

Nathusia, DC... 482

alata, Hochst. . 483

Nuxra, Lam... .. 1038

breviflora, 8. Moore . 1041

congesta, &. Br... 1042

var. brevifolia, Sond. 1041

var. emarginata,

Fran os 1042

var, tomentosa,

Cummins . . 1042

congesta, Fourcade . 1042

corrugata, Benth. , 1044

dentata, #. Br. . . 1040

var. transvaalensis,

S. Moore . . 1041

dysophylla, Benth. . 1045

var. rufescens,

Sonds 5. 5) 331045

emarginata, Sond. . 1042

floribunda, Benth. . 1039

gracilis, Engl. . . 1040

oppositifolia, Benth. . L041

pubescens, Sond.. . 1041

saligna, Benth. . . 1043

Schlechteri, Gilg. . 1041

tomentosa, Sond. . 1042

Nyctanthes

glauca, Linn. f. 2.) 480

Obesia ;

arida, Sweet. . . 880

decora, Haw. 1020

geminata, Haw. . 1019

punctata, Haw. . 1018

serrulata, Sweet . 1020

Octogonia

glabella

var. bartlingiana,

var. nuitica,Rach. 364

var. thunbergiana,

Mi. a... ORE

Rrta, EI ge 865

Oxwa, Linn. gg SBS

capensis, Linn, . . 487

var. coriacea, Ait.. 487

1158

Page

OLRA (con.)

concolor, E. Meyer . 487

enervis, Harv. . . 488)

europea, Thunb. . 486

exasperata, Jucy. 486

foveolata, . Meyer. 485

laurifolia, Lam. . . 487

var.concolor, Harv. 487 |

listeriana, Sim . . 1129

Mackenii, Harv. . 488

macrocarpa, C. H.

Wright .. . .» 1129

Pegleri, C. H. Wright 485

similis, Burch. . . 486

undulata, Jacq. . .« 487

var. B, E. Meyer . 487

var. planifolia,

E. Meyer . » 487.

verrucosa, Link. . 486

woodiana, Knobl. . 486

OLEACEH. . 478, 1129

Omphatocaryon

capitatum, Kl... «413

egltandulosum, Kl. . 412

— glandulosum, Kl, 412

muscosum, Kl, . . 408

var. glabrum, Kl, , 408

Oncinema

Roxburghii, Arn. . 741

Ovornotis, Benth... 512

inandensis, Wood &

Evans 2 * ° . 512

natalensis, Stapf ; 313

Orbea

anguina, Loud. . . 1004

anguinea, Haw. . . 1004

aperta, Sweet. 883

arida, Sweet. . 880

bisulca, Haws... .. 999

bufonia, Haw. 999, 1000

clypeata, Haw. . . 1000

conspurcata, Schultes 1003

Curtisii, Haw. . . 1002

decora, Steud. . . 1020

inodora, Haw. . . 1002

depida, Haw... <i ..« 992

maculosa, Haw. . . 985

marginata, Schultes . 998

marmorata, Schultes 1004

mixta, Haw... . . 1001

mutabilis, Sweet. . 982

normalis, Schuites . 993

picta, Haw. . ..'. 1004

planiflora, Haw... . 998

var. murginata,

IMO 6c ie OR

_quinquenervia, Haw. . 1000

— quinguinervis, Loud. 1000

retusa, Haw. — - 1003

rugosa, Sweet... 1001!

INDEX.

| Page

| Orbea (con.)

| trisulea, Haw. 997

variegata, Haw. . 993

wendlandiana,

Schultes . . . 988

woodfordiana, Haw. . 993

| OnpHIUM, E. Meyer . 1095

frutescens, 2. Meyer 1095

var. angustifolia,

Griseb. « . ~~ 1096

var. decussata,

E. Meyer . . 1095

var. glabra,

E. Meyer . . 1096

ORTHANTHERA, Wight 784

albida, Schinz . . 786

jasminiflora, V.£. Br. 785

stricta, Hiern . . 786

Pachyacris

capensis, Schlechter = 579

Pachycalyx

plaber, Ml. ews we BEL

hispidus, Kl... . 370

inequalis, Kl. . . 371

pubescens, Kl... 370

Pacuycareus, E.Meyer 714

albens, EE. Meyer . 710

| appendiculatus,

EE. Meyer. . « T2l

asperifolius, Meisn. . 739

campanulatus, .V. L.

Py eek a Fee

yar, Sutherlandii

N. Be Breen T88

concolor, Meisn. ~ 925

concolor, Z, Meyer . 729

coronarius, BE. Meyer 733

crispus, E. Meyer . 704

dealbatus, £. Meyer 728

decorus, V. BE. Br. . 732

Galpinii, NV. £. Br. . 718

Gerrardi, V. £. Br. 737

gomphocar poides,

E, Meyer . . « 570

grandiflorus,

E. Meyer... T34

var. chrysanthus,

NB Br sais C38

var. elatocarinatus,

NB. te eke

var. tomentosus,

BiB Bre 0 AO

humilis, E, Meyer . 701

inconstans, V. L. Br. 722

insignis, V. LZ. Br. . 731

liguiatus, E. Meyer . 729

linearis, V. L. Br. . 735

macrochilus, V. 2. Br. 725

marginatus, E, Meyer —

dee 562, 563

PACHYCARPUS (con.)

McKenii, NV. £. Br. .

natalensis, V. £. Br.

orbicularis, E. Meyer

plicatus, W. £. Br. .

reflectens, /. Meyer .

reflexus, Steud. .

rigidus, E. Meyer .«

var. tridens,

E. Meyer.

rigidus, E. Meyer .«

rostratus, NV. £. Br.

scaber, V. £. Br. .

schinzianus, V. L. Br.

stelliceps, V. 2. Br.

stenoglossus, V.£.Br.

transvaalensis, V. 2.

Br. 5 tee

validus, V. £. Br. .

vexillaris, 2. Meyer

var. stenoglossus,

E. Meyer . 9 -

vexillatus, Steud. «

viridiflorus, E, Meyer

PacuypopivM, Lindl. .

bispinosum, DC. -

glabrum,G. Don. -

namaquanum, Welvv.

Saundersii, V. £. Br.

succulentum, DC. .

tomentosum, G. Don .

Padus

foliis subrotundis,

Borm. .. 3-7 3.4%

ParapopiuM, E. Meyer

costatum, EZ. Meyer

crispum, V. £. Br. «

simile, V. £. Br. .

Parasia

grandis, Hiern. -

var. major,

S.Moore . -

Thomasii, S. Moore -

PecrinaRIA, Haw. -

arcuata, NV. L. Br. .

articuiata, Haw. -

var. namaquensis,

N. EE. Bre «>

asperiflora, N. £. Br.

mammillaris, Sweet .

Pillansii, V. Z. Br. .

saxatilis, N. LE. Br. -

PENTARRHINUM,

E. Meyer . + >

coriaceum, Schlechter

insipidum, LZ. Meyer

tylophoreides, :

K. Schum. ee

Pentopetia

natulens

Page

735

724

57>

724

720

721

718

719

5dao

738

719

727

738

G27

731

723

726

720

726

69F

515

516

517

515

516

517

474

557

558:

559

1094

1093,

867

870

87h

871

875

869

868:

741

G42

741

743

PeRGULARIA, Linn.

Page

africana, N. E. Br. . 776

edulis, Thunb, . . 780

extensa, V. H. Br. . 758

gariepensis, V. 2. Br. 757

jasminifiora, Burch... 785

sanguinolentu, Britt. 777

PERIGLOssUM, Decne 581

angustifolium, Decne 582

kassnerianum,

Schlechter. 584, 1131

macrunm, Decne . . 794

McKenii, Harv. . 584

mossambicense,

Schlechter. . . 583

Periploca

africana, Linn, . . 749

var. B, Linn... 750

capensis, Roxb. . 741

hastata, Decne . 554

latifolia, K. Schum, — 542

multifiora, Burm, , 1130

Secamone, Linn. . 545

sylvestris, Retz... 783

tenuifolia, Linn... 551

Paiierra, Kl, . . 315

Chamissonis, A7. 317, 1127

Evansii, VY. £. Br. . 316

leeana, A/. . 316, 1127

tristis, Bolus . . 317

Prarantuus, R. Br. . 1015

aridus, G, Don . 880

- eomptus, VY. 2. Br. . 1023

yar. ciliatus, V. Z£.

ee mo es 21028

eornutus, VY. 2. Bre. 1018

var grandis, V. EL.

Brie cae 1018

decorus, VY. L. Br. . 1020

decorus, N. E. Br. =. 1018

disparilis, V, #. Br, 1021

fascicularis, Decne . 1015

fasciculata,

Schlechter . . 1015

fetidus, N. E. Br. . 1021

var. diversus, V. 2.

Breccesisi cg AO

var. multipancta-

tus, V. L. Br. 1022

var. pallidus, V. 2.

Bre ge argcdrig AOR

var, purpureus,

N. EB. Bre ie 21022

geminatus, V. LZ. Br, 1018

/ grivanus, N. E. Br, . 1024

incarnatus, G. Don . 882

var. albus,G. Don, 883

mammillaris, G. Don. au

parviflorus, Sweet . 878

varvalas:N. B. Bre.

1023 |

INDEX.

Page

PIARANTHUS (con.)

piliferus, Sweet. . 891

Pillansii, VW. 2. Br. . 1019

var. fuscatus, V. 2.

Bree oe

var. —_ inconstaus,

Ny Be Bre <u AOT9

pulcher, VY. £. Br. . 1022

pulla, Schultes 875

pullus, R, Br... 875

punctatus, R, Br. . 1017

ramosus, Sweet . . 875

rorifluus, Decne . 981

serrulatus, N. E. Br, 1020

Piptolena . . + « 507

Dregei, DO. . « «508

Pistachia

africana, etc., Pluk. . 448

Plagiostemon

bicolor, Kl. . . + 370

puberulus, Kl... 369

scens, Kl. . . 369

Puatycatyx, N. E. Br.

335, 1128

pumila, W. 2. Br. 335

Plocandra

albens, E. Meyer. . 1105

var. radicata,

E. Meyer . 1106

palustris, Griseb. . 1106

var. foliata, Griseb, 1106

purpurascens,

E. Meyer . «~~ 1108

Plumbagidium

auriculatum, Spach . 424

PLUMBAGINE . 418

Pitumpaao, Linn. . . 424

auriculata, Poir. . 424

capensis, Zhunb.. . 424

var, alba, Williams 425

flaccida, Moench. . 425

grandiflora, Ten. 424

tristis, Ade (498

vogelivfolia, Eckl. &

deyh. 5 a SO

zeylanica, Linn. . 425

Podanthes

ciliata, Haw. =. «(924

geminata, Nichols. . 1019

incarnata, Sweet =. «882

' trrorata, Haw. . . 987

lepida, Haw.. . . 992

pulchella, Haw. . . 989

pulchra, Haw. « « 988

var. B, Haw. . . 988

var, major, Sweet . 988

var, verrucosi,

‘ G. Don . . 988

‘rort Sweet . . 988

Prageluria . . . . 757, 775

PRIMULACEZ . . 426

Pterophora

dregea, Harv. . «. 775

Quaqua

Hottentotorum, N. E.

Bits x ote SOL

Rapanea

gilliana,Mez . «435

melanophleos, Mez . 4305

RaPHIONACHME, Harv. 532

Burkei, V. 2. Br. 537

divaricata, Harv. =. 538

var. glabra, V. EF.

Bree 4S ee a O89

elata, V. E. Br.. . 535

Flanagani, Schlechter 534

Galpinu, Schlechter 535

Galpinii, Schlechter , 536

macrorrhiza,

Schlechter . . 536 .

Monteiroxz, VN. BE. Br. 535

obovata, Turez, . . 539

procumbens,

Schlechter . - 535

pubescens, Hochst. . 539

purpurea, Harv... . 538

scandens, N. E. Br. . 534

velutina, Schlechter. 537

Zeyheri, Harv. . 536

Raphistemma

ciliatum, Hook.f. . 759

Raspalia

angulata, E. Meyer . 130

Rauwo tet, Linn. . 501

caffra, Sond.. . . 502

natalensis, Sond. . 502

Renealmia

capensis, Houtt.. . 1120

Rhinolobium

lineare, Decne . . 648

tenue; Ara, . 4 « 848

Rhombonema, . » « 5d7

luridum, Schlechter . 558

RuyssoLoBiuM,

E.Meyer . . «| 783

dumosum, E. Meyer = 784

Rriocreuxta, Decne . 799

Bolusii, N. E. Br. . 802

Burchellii, K. Schum. 801

Flanagani, B04

picta, Schlechter. . 800

polyantha, Schlechter 801

torulosa, Decne . . 802

var. _ longidens,

NE. Bra ccccy BOS

var. obsoleta, V. Z.

Ne it ota BOS

var. tomentosa, —

Ni Bebe 0 WS

1160

Page

RIOCREUXIA (con.)

torulosa, Schlechter . 801

Woodii, N. £, Br. . 803

Remeria

inermis, Thunb. . 438

melanophica, Thunb. 435

Roslinia

angustifolia, G. Don , 1096

baccifera,G. Von , 1099

JSrutescens,G. Don . 1096

tetragona, Moench . 1099

Rovena, Linn... 445

ambigua, Vent... 455

angustifolia, Willd. . 452

brachiata, E, Meyer . 454

cordata, LZ. Meyer 448

cuneata, Poir, . 452

cuneata, Spreng. . 454

cuneifolia, E. Meyer. 454

decidua, Burch... 454

falcata, E. Meyer 458

Foliis acute dentatis,

Houst, 0) 9 qk dd

Galpini, Hiern 2 . 450

glabra, Zinn, . . 457

glandulosa, Hiern 459

Guerkei, 0. Kze . 457

hirsuta, Eckl... 453

Airsuta, Jacq. . . 454

hirsuta, Linn. . . 451

var. rigida, Hiern, 452

Airsuta, Sieb =... 458

hispidula, Harve. =.) 454

latifolia, Willd. . 453

longifolia, Cels 451

lucida, Linn, - 447

lucida, 8. Moore . 447

lycioides, Desf. 454

macrophylla,

E. Meyer . 471

media,Cels . . . 452

microphylla, Burch, . 452

myrtifolia, Cels . 458

nitens, Hure, =. . 456

oleifolia, Desf, . 454

opaca,E. Meyer. . 449

pallens, Tiunb. . . 453

var. Dregei, ADC. 454

parviflora, Hiern . 459

pentandra, Giirke . 459

polyandra, Linn, =, 462

var. ambigua, Pers. 456

pubescens, Edw. , 457

pubescens, Willd. 454

ranulosa, E. Meyer . 454

rufescens, E. Meyer . 469

rugosa, E, Mever, 452

_ scabra, Burm. f. 451

scabrida, Harv. , . 449

scandens, Burch, 451

INDEX,

Page

ROYENA (con.)

sericea, Bernh. . . 454

sessilifolia, Hiern , 453

Simii, 0. Aze 456

sp., Burch. . .' .. 454

supracordata, Burch, 449

villosa, Zinn. . 450

Wilmsii, Giirke . . 446

Rymia

polyandra, Endl. - 462

SALAXIS, Salisb. 401

artemisioides, KI. 404

axillaris, Drége . 415

axillaris, Sulisb. . 403

brevifolia, Dietr. . 418

Chamissonis, Dietr. . 1127

ciliata, Benth. 418

flexuosa, A/.. . . 405

var. cognata, V. £.

BE ee 405

hexandra, Kl. 399

imbricatus, Drude . 418

leeana, Dietr. . . 1127

major, NV. £. Br. 403

micrantha, Benth. . 415

multiflora, Dietr. . 1127

octandra, Ki. . . 404

var. artemisioides,

Te meir. . 404

puberula, Av. . 402

pumila, V. E. Br. 402

rugosa, Benth. . . 400

Sieberi, Benth. 404

SALVADOoRA, Garcin 489

crassinervia, Hochst. 489

paniculata, Hochst. . 489

persica, Garcin , . 489

SALVADORACEZ , 488

Samouus, Linn, . . 430

africanus, Burm. f. . 431

campanuloides, R. Br. 431

porosus, Thunb... . 431

Valeraudi, Linn. 430

var. africanus,

Lim: + gi 438

SAPOTACEE. . 436

Sarcocyphula

. Gerrardi, Harv... 754

SarcostemMa, R. Br... 755

aphyllum, R. Br. 754, 756

ovatum, E. Meyer . 745

tetrapterum, Turez.. 754

Thunbergii, i. Don. 754

viminale, R. Br, =. 755

ScHIzOGLOssuM,

Ee Meyers. 2.0. 588

aciculare, V. E. Br.. 620

addoense, V. E. Br... 653

zemulatum, Ind, Kew. 602

emulum, Schlechter. 602

delagoense, Schlechter —

Page

SCHIZOGLOSSUM (con.)

altissimum,

Schlechter = Sone

anomalum, NY. JL

Br. 8 ei ieee ee

araneiferum,

Schlechter... G42

aschersonianum,

Schlechter . 618

var. _longipes,

NE BPO 619

var. pygmeum,

Ne Bas ta

var. radiatum, /

Ne Be Bree Bae

atropurpureum, Harv. 605

var. lineatum,

Schlechter . 602, 605

atropurpureum,

E. Meyer. . ~ +608

atrorubens,

Schlechter, . « 615

barbatum, Schlechter 637

Barbera, Schlechter. 658

biauriculatum,

Schlechter, . . 639

bidens, E. Meyer . 614

biflorum, Schlechter

641, 1131

var concinnum,

N. Be Br. oc a CN

var. gwelense, N. EK.

Br) 4 hae

var. integrum,

NB. Bre i

bilamellatum,

Schlechter . 648

var. cordylogynoiles,

Schlechter . . 648

Bowkera, V. E. Br. 654

Buchanani, NV. £. Br. 651

Burchellii, WN. B. Br. 65+

capitatum, Schlechter 643

carinatum, Schlechter 649

ciliatum, Schlechter, 630

commixtum,

Ne BeBe 4 CR

Conrathii, Schlechter 637

consimile, V. BE. Br. 625 —

contracurvu

N. #. es a 8

cordifolium,

E. Meyer . . 601

var. ceutralis,

Ni Be BOs

crassipes, S. Moore .

Davyis Be DR 635

decipiens, N. 2. Br. —

Page

CHIZOGLOSSUM (con.)

dissimile, N. Z. Br... 629

var. pubiflorum,

IN, Ee. Bt 629

diversum, V. £. Br. 617

Dregei, V. £. Br. . 637

elingue, V. £. Br. . 610

euphorbioides,

Ly Meyer’ pao disniiig OT

excisum, Schlechter. 638

exile, Schlechter. . 655

fasciculare, Schlechter 634

filifolium, Schlechter 655

jilifolium, Schlechter 653

tilipes, Schlechter . 639

Flanagani, Schlechter 640

Havum, Schlechter . 610

var. lineare, V. £. Br. 611

furcatum, E. Meyer . 602

Galpinii, Schlechter . 616

garcianum, Schlechter 620

Gerardi, Bth. & Hk. f. 737

glabrescens,

Schlechter 646, 1131

var. longirostre,

Neo Breigs csc: 647

glanduliferum,

Schlechter. . . 638

grandifloram,

Schlechter. . 627

lense, S. Moore . 641

Guthriei, Schlechter 648

_ gwelense, N. K. Br. . 642

hamatum, /. Meyer 604

var. elegans, V. LZ.

Wee poder 609

var. pallidum,

N. EE. Br. . 605

Harveyi, VN. £. Br. . 627

hastatum, Schlechter 605

heterophyllum,

Schlechter . 623

var. majus, V, EL. Br.

var, schinzianum,

Ni Bs Bre ay B24

hirsutum, Zurez. . 661

Hollandiz, Haw. . 602

HAuttone,S. Moore . 792

ingomense, VY. £. Br. 602

interruptum,

Schlechter . . 660

lamellatum,

Bee Schlechter . . . 647

__ lasiopetalum,

‘Schlechter . . 661

linifolium, Schlechter 617

var. centrirostra-

tum, V. #. Br. 618

longirostre, :

Schlechter . . 647

INDEX,

Page

SCHIZOGLOSSUM (con.)

loreum, S. Moore

657, 1131

lunatum. Schlechter. 648

Macowani, WV. £. Br. 626

var, tugelense,

Ne Brea O2F

monticola, Schlechter 649

nitidum, Schlechter . 608

oblongum, Schlechter 607

orbiculare, Schlechter 622

ovalifolium,

Schlechter. . « 626

pachyglossum,

Schlechter . 613

var. abbreviatum,

Re Bee gs yer BIB

yar. productum,

NetieBe. ee 613

pallidum, Schlechter 644

parcum, V. BE. Br. . 653

parile, V. 2. Bre. 651

parvulum, Schlechter

652, 1131

var. sessile, V. 2.

Bp Ga ke G52

pedunculatum,

Schlechter 648, 686

Peglere, VN. E. Br. . 623

periglossoides,

Schlechter, . . 645

pilosum, Schlechter . 632

polynema, Schlechter 643

premorsum,

Schlechter . . 662

propinguum, S. Moore 648

pulchellum,

Schlechter. . 633

pumilum, Schlechter 628

pygmexum, Schlechter 619

quadridens, V. Z. Br. 609

Randii, S.Moore . 644

yestioides, Schlechter 644

restioides, Schlechter 648

robustum, Schlechter 631

var. inandense,

Nek, Bree ve 632

var. pubiflorum,

Ni Ee Brice. 632

schinzianum,

Schlechter . . 624

Schlechteri, V. Z. Br. 637

stenoglossum,

Schlechter . ; Slt

striatum, Schlechter 631

strictum, Schlechter. 642

tenuissimum,

Schlechter . . 647

tomentosum,

Schlechter. 659

1161

ScHIZOGLOsSUM (con.)

tricuspidatum,

Schlechter. «. +

tridens, VN. £. Br. .

tridentatum,

Schlechter. . «

truncatum, Schlechter

tubulosum, Schicchter

umbellatum,

Schlechter... ss

umbelluliferum,

Schlechter. . -«

uncinatum, V. £. Br.

unicum, WV. #. Br. .

venustum, Schlechter

var. concinnum,

Schlechter .

verticillare,

Schlechter. ..

villosum, Schlechter .

virens, L. Meyer

virens, Schlechter .

virgatum, Schlechter

656,

Wallacei, Schlechter.

Woodii, Schlechter .

ScHREBERA, Roxb, .

argyrotricha, Gilg .

latialata, Gilg.

Saundersia, Harv. .

Scoparia

arborea, Linn. f.. .

ScyPHOGYNE, Brongn.

_ biconvexa, V. £. Br.

brevifolia, Benth. —.

Burchellii, NV. LZ. Br.

capitata, Benth...

var. brevifolia,

NEB. Brivis ss

divaricata, Benth. .~

eglandulosa, Benth. .

fasciculata, Benth, .

glandulifera,

N. £. Br. wis

inconspicua, Brongn.

var. ciliata, V.£.Br.

var, glabriflora,

NeB Bre’.

var. pubescens,

NB. Brees

var, vestita, N. £.

Bee Lo OSs

longistyla, V. 2. Br.

micrantha, V. E. Br.

muscosa, Steud, .

puberula, Benth.

remota, VN. &. Br...

rigidula, N. Ei. Br. .

var. _ breviciliata,

Ne di, Bros

Page

408

414

408

416

413

409

410

1162

SCYPHOGYNE (con.)

Page

Schlechteri, V. #. Br. 409

trimera, NV. Li. Br. 415

urceolata, Benth. 415

viscida, V. l. Br. .. 414

Seytanthus

Gordoni, Hook. . . 899

SeBaa, Soland. . 1057

acuminata, A.W. Hill 1082

acutiloba, Schinz . 1071

albens, R. Br. . . 1063

albens, Zeyh... . . 1064

ambigua, Chum... 1064

var. crassa, Cham. 1064

var. gracilis, Cham,

1064, 1065

aurea, R. Bro. 1065

var. alata, A. W.

HR ss 1086

forma wurmbeana,

E. Meyer . . 1066

var. cougesta, Eckl.

& Zeyh, . . 1064

var. genuina,Schinz 1065

var, pallens, Berg. 1066

forma cymosa,

Schinz 2 a AGG

forma gracilis,

Schinz . . . 1066

var. pallida, Schinz 1067

var. sulphurea,

Griseb. . . . 1066

Brehmeri, Schinz . 1086

Burchellii, Gilg . . 1076

caladenia, Gilg . . 1071

eapitata, Cham. 9°

4 eee a a OGD

compacta, A. W. Hill 1068

confertiflora, Schinz, 1082'

Conrathii, Schinz 1076

conspicua,.A. W. Bill 1077

cordata, R. Br. . . 1074

var. intermedia,

Cham. & Schl. . 1076

var. macrantha,

Cham. & Schl. - 1074

var. micrantha,

Cham. & Schl. . 1075

crassulefolia, Cham.

G Schl... . 1085

var. lanceolata,

Schinz . . . 1088

var. stricta,

E. Meyer . . 1081

crassulxfolia, Zeyh. . 1064

crassulifolia, Griseb. 1085

cuspidata, Schinz . 1077

cymosa, Jarosez + . 1066

Dregei, Schinz . . 1080

elongata, Li. Meyer . 1077

INDEX,

Page

SEB2XA (con.)

erecta, A. W. Hill . 1085

erosa, Schinz . . 1073

Evansii, N. E. Br. . 1090

exacoides, Schinz . 1074

exigua, Schinz . . 1070

fastigiata, A. W. Hill

filiformis, Schinz

Flanaganii, Schinz .

gariepina, Gilg ..

gibbosa, Wolley Dod

Gilgii, Schinz .

glauca, A. W. Mill .

grandiflora, Schinz .

grandis, steud, .

grisebachiana, Schinz

humilis, N.E. Bre.

hymenosepala, Gily .

var. grandiflora,

Ae Wether.

1089

. 1070

1092

1078

1064

1067

1065

1084

. 1094

1071

1079

1088

hymenosepala, Gilg . 1089

hymenosepula, Schinz 1085

imbricata, A. W. Hill 1087

intermedia, Schinz . 1076

Junodii, Schinz . . 1069

laxa, WV. E. Br... 1063

leiostyla, Gilg . . 1086

linearifolia, Schinz . 1070

longicaulis, Schinz . 1088

Macowanii, Gilg =. 1087

macrantha, Gilg = ._-:1082

macrophylla, Gilg . 1085

macrosepala, Gilg . 1083

macrostigma, Gily . 1079

Marlothii, Gilg . . 1090

micrantha, Schinz . 1075

minima, Jarosez,. . 1066

minutitlora, Schinz . 1063

mirabilis, Gilg . . 1069

multiflora, Schinz . 1084

natalensis, Schinz

1090, 1094

ochroleuca, Wolley

at ee eek 006

pallida, Z. Meyer . 1067

pallida, Zeyh. . . 1064

pentandra, E. Me) yer 1078

var. belmontioides,

Sching:..0 4.

polyantha, Gilg .

pratensis, Gilg . .

primulina, A. $4 Hill

procumbens, A. W.

pusilla, Zckl. 1.

var. major, 4. JW."

FEE 6 esas

pygmaa, Schinz.

ramosissima, Gilg.

rara, Wolley Dod .

1073

1087

1069

1080

1091

1068

1133

1074

1079

1068

SEBMA (con.)

Rehmannii, Schinz .

repens, Schinz . .

rotundifolia, A. W.

Ti: Fae

Rudolfii, Schinz . 3

saceata, "Schinz Ens

scabra, Schinz é

schinziana, Gilg .

~ schizostigma, Gilg

Schlechteri, Schinz .

Schenlandii, Schinz .

sclerosepala, Gily .

sedoides, Gilg . .

sedoides, Schinz 1081,

semialata, Gilg ..

spathulata, Steud. .

stricta,Gilg. . -

sulphurea, Cham. f

Boh eiek: Bee

' Thomasii, Schinz

thodeana, Gilg . -

transvaalensis, Schinz

Tysonii, Schinz...

vitellina, Schinz.

_ wittebergensis, Schinz

Zeyherii, Schinz. .

Secamone, R.Br...

acutifolia, Sond...

awgyptiaca,G. Don .

Alpini, Schultes. .

var. retusa,

KE. Meyer . .

delagoensis,

Schlechter, . +

frutescens, Decne .

Gerrardi, Harv...

Thunbergti, E. Meyer

zambesiaca,

var. parvifolia,

Ne BeBe gees

SIDEROXYLON, Linn. .

cinercum, Lam. :

inerme, Linn. . .

var. Schlechteri,

Engen as

Randii, 8. Moore.

Sideroxylum

foliis oblongis,

J, Burmese

toxiferum, Thunb. .

SimocuEiLus, Kl, - -

acutangulus, V. 2.

Roy he es

gy tre

Sishiaees Ble

bicolor, Benth. .«

carneus, A/.. 6

consors, V. Z. Br. -

INDEX.

Page

STAPELIA (con)

acuminata, Masson . 965

var. brevicuspis,

Ni Ms Be. sh O60

afinis, N.E. Br. =. 937

albicans, Sprenger . 1007

ambigua, Masson . 945

var. fulva, Sweet . 944

var. Jacq... . 944

amena, Rist. . . 1008

anguinea, Jacq. . 1004

angulata, Jod. . . 990

angulosa, Zod. . . 1008

var, Charybdis,

Dammann. . 1008

var. Kreusa,

Dammann. , 1008

var. Nemea,

Dammann. . 1008

var. Thi, Dammann 1009

aperta, Masson . . 888

aphylla ad nodos, etc.,

Burmsaccis a a). 876

avida, Masson . . 880

Arnoti, VN. E. Br... 947

articulata, Ait. . . 870

Asterias, Journ. Hort. 948

Asterias, Masson . 951

var, gibba, V.£. Br. 952

Page

SIMOCHEILUS (con.)

depressus, Benth. 364

var. patens, .V. LZ.

Vane gixracre nOOt

dispar, VY. £. Br. . 362

ecklonianus, Benth. . 370

glabellus, Benth. . 363

globiferus, V. 2. Br. 366

hirsutus, Benth. 365

hispidus, Beuth. . . 370

klotzschianus, Benth. 368

var. glabrifolius,

N. £. Br. . 369, 410

multiflorus, A7.. . 360

var. Atherstonei,

Ne Teh. oe BOL

oblongus, Benth. . 366

obovatus, Benth. . Bd7

patens, Benth. . 364

patulus, WV. 2. Br. . 366

piquetbergensis,

Ne Lh Bt ee Gi 898

pubescens, A/. . . 362

quadrifidus, Benth. . 330

quadrisulcus, V. L. Br. 368

submuticus, Benth. . 365

subrigidus, N. BE. Br. 367

viscosus, Bolus . . 374

ISYRANTHUS, E. Meyer 786

anceps, Schlechter . 789

barbatus, VY. Z. Br... 790

compactus, V. £. Br. 790

expansum, Schlechter 792

Fanninii, NX. FE. Br... 791

Huttone, 8. Moore , 792

imberbis, Hurv. . 793

imberbis, Schlechter. 794

macer, Schlechter . 793

macer, Schlechter 790, 793

Randii, S. Moore.

794

rotatus, Schlechter . 792

Saundersiz,

NB Bris occa OS

schizoglossoides,

Schlechter . 850

trichostomus,

TPO ag is 192

virgatus, Harv. . 791

var, trichostomur,

a eet 4k ke «6792

virgatus, Z. Meyer . 789

Slevogtia —

ae rate BS be

773

774

obtusifolia, K.Schum. 773

obtusifolium, Benth. 773

Srapeuia, Linn, .

924 |

var. lucida, N.Z. Br. 952

atrata, Tod...

var, rufescens,

- 1006

Dammann . . 1006

var. tigrina,

Dammann . . 999

atropurpurea, Riist. . 1005

var. Pun, tiiist =. 1005

var. rose, Riist . 1005

atropurpurea, Salm-

Dyck: oi % oe a9 008

darbuta, Masson «907

Barklyi, V. 4. Br... 986

Bayfield, NV. #. Br. 978

bella, A. Berger i DTD

bidentuta, Salm-Dyck 999

bifolia, Schultes, . 999

bisulea, J. Donn... 998

bisulcu, Rist. . . 1000

var. ide,

Bias «acc cen LOO

brerirostris, Willd. . 956

buff.miana, Schultes . 998

Bufonis, Lodd. . . 998

Buf nis, Sims . . 1000)

_ Burtinii, Aiist . . 1009)

cactiformis, Hook. . 895

cespuos, DC. . « 10381)

var. hirtella, Loud, 1031.

— campanulata, Masson 906 |

STAPELIA (cov.)

campanulata, Sims .

canescens, Haw. ’

caudata, Thunb. .

chlorotica, /iist .

ciliata, Thunb, .

ciliolata, Riist ..

ciliolata, Tod. . .

ciliolulata, Tod, .

clavata, Jacq. . .

elavata, Willd. .

clavigera, Jacq. .

clypeata, J, Donn

comata, Jacq. « .

var. multiflora,

Lands stv 2is

compacta, Schultes .

concinna, Maxson,

var. paniculata,

IN, E. Br. . .

concolor, Salm-Dyck

conformis, NV. £. Br.

var, abrasa,

Ne Te a

conspurcata, Willd.

Cooperi, V. £. Br. .

cordata, Har. . .

Corderoy?, Hook. f. .

Courceli, Hort. . .

crassa, J. Donn...

cupularis, A. £. Br.

Curtisit, Rist ..

Curtisii, Schultes.

cymosa, Hort. . .

10351

decemdentata,V.£.Br. 908:

decora, Masson . .

decora, Riist. . .«

deflexa, Jacq. .

var. Brownii,

Behing. 6) x \:ic

1020

1009

955

956

dejecta, Salm-Dyck . 940

denticulis ramorum,

etc., Linn. . 937, 993-

denticulis ramorwn,

ete, Royen . . 993

depressa, Jacq. . + 938

desmetiana, VN. E. Br. 941

var. apicalis, ¥. 2.

Bike gat ag 942

var. pallida, NWE.Br. 942

discolor, Riist . . 1009

var. Bellona,

Dammann . . 1010

var. klectra, ee

Dammann . . 1010

var. Medusa,

Dammann . . 1010

var. Muley Hassan,

Dammann . . 1010

var. tricolor, Riist 1010

1164

STAPELIA (con.)

discolor, Tod, Sey 982

divaricata, Masson 956

divergens, N. £. Br. 1006

duodecimfida, Jacq. 907

elegans, Masson. . 1028

elongata, Sweet . 938

emarginata, Breit. . 1014

engleriana, Schlechter 979

erecta, Riist . . . 1010

erectiflora, V. 2. Br. 971

erwiformis, Hort. . 964

fasciculata, Tiund, , 1014

fissirostris, Jacg. . 967

Jissirostris, N. K. Br. 966

flavicomata, Haw. . 1015

flavirostris,

Ne TUBE, tet 942

flavopurpurea,

Marlotes 2.4. 969

fucosa, N. E. Br. . 977

farcata, N. EB. B. . 973

Suscata, Hort. . . 982

Sfuscata, Jacq. «. . 981

‘fuscopurpurea, NV. EZ.

Brsseges ts ie 046

geminata, Masson . 1019

gemmifera, Sal:n-

Dyh 080 Se we 1014

gemmiflora, Masson. 961

var. densa, V. EL.

BR. ed 963

var. hircosa, N. E.

BP Fi 962

gigantea, NV. Z, Br. 948

glabricaulis,

N. EB. Bre. 953

glabriflora,

NOB Brick: 959

glandulifera, Willd. . 968

glanduliflora, Masson 967

var. emarginata,

NB Be 968

glauca, J. Donn . . 981

ylomerata, Schultes . 1035

Gordoni, Hook. ‘ 899

Gordoni, Masson . 900

Gordonii, Spreng. . 900

grandiflora, Masson . 945

var. lineata, N. E.

BE by 943

grandiflora, Missouri

BTA sea... 849

quttata, Masson . . 919

hamata, Jacg. . . 939

hanburyans, Berger §

Be sic: . 1007

hircola, Polen ny. O68

Aircosa, Jacq. . . 962

_ Var.densa,N. B. Br. 963 |

Page

INDEX.

STAPELIA (cov.)

hirsuta, Linn. . 936

var, affinis, 2. E.

rad pee Lares wot

var. atra, Lindl. 937

var, comata, VN. EF.

Brive 938

var. depressa, ME

Bes: lie, 938

var. grata, V. BE.

Br. & 938

var. ir dapho is,

N. LB yuh93s

var. atoms Nis

Br, 937

var. patula, N. E.

Br. 837

var. unguipetala, ‘

N. BeBe, 938

hirsuta, Loisl. 938

hirtella, Jacq. . 1031

hispida, Horn, 999

hispidula, Hornem. . 968

horizontalis, N. BE. Br. 1001

humilis, Masson . =.) 917

humilis, Schlechter . 918

Hystrix, Hook. f. 911

trearnata, Linn, f. . 882

incomparabilis, V. ZL.

Br. : 961

intermedia, Nw, ‘Br. 877

irrorata, Lodd. . 988

irrorata, Masson 986

Jacquini, Loud. . . 1028

jacquiniana, Schultes 1028

jucunda, NV. 2. Br. . 975

var. deficiens, V. FE.

BREE 976

juvencula, Jacq. . . 964

levigata, Schultes . 1035

levis, Deene . 972

lanifera, Haw, . . 937

lanigera, Loud. . . 9837

lentiginosa, Curt.. 919

lepida, Jac7.. . 992

limosa, Salm-Dyck 992

longidens, V. E. Br. 973

lucida, DC. ee. 952

lunata, Dammann =. 1004

var. minuta, Riist. 1004

var. umbrosa, Riist 1004

lunata, Sweet 945

luxurians, Dammann 1010

Macowani, N. E. Br. 960

maculata, Poir. . 985

maculosa, /. Donn . 985

maculosoides, VN. £2.

Br, eg ORE

mammillaris, Linn. . 875 |

998

— _—* :

Page

STAPELIA (con.)

marginata, Willd.

marmorata, Hulle

marmorata, Jacq.

marmorata, Riist.

Massoni, Haw. .

var. livida, N. BE.

Br.

mestodes, Jacq.

mastodis, St. Lag.

melanantha,

Schlechter

micrantha, Rist .

mirabilis, Dammann .

miscella, VN. EH. Br. .

miata, J. Donn

mixta, Masson .

pentagona,

monstrosa, Steud.

moschata, J. Donn

multiflora, DC. .

multiflora, Riist

munbyana, Riist

muricata, Rist .

mustodes, Link

mutabilis, Hulle .

mutabilis, Jacg. .

var. bicolor,

Dammann

var. Circe,

Dammann...

var. discolor, N. E.

Br IS

var. furva, N. L£.

Br. . roy

var. Megara,

Dammann .

var. Nemesis,

Dammann .

var. Thetis,

Dammann. .

namaquensis, WV. 2.

Brg Powe es

var. bidens, V. EZ.

Bre gE es

var. ciliolata, V. 2.

Bret

var.

N. Be: Brees

natalensis, Riist .

neqlecta, Tod.

nobilis, N. LE. Br. :

normalis, Lindl. :

normalis, Jacq. . «

obliqua, Willd...

obscura, N. E. Br.

ocellata, Jacq. . +

olivacea, N. EB. Bre.

stem .

tridentata,

STAPELIA (con.)

Page

ophiuncula, Haw. 999

orbicularis, Andy. 999

orbicularis, Haw. 999

orbicularis, Lodd. . 999

-orbiculata, J. Donn . 999

pallens, Hort. . 957

pallida, Wendl. . 957

paniculata, Willd. . 969

panifolia, Riist . . 1012

papillosa, DC. . . 1015

parviflora, Masson 878

parvipuncta,

WN, Be Bees og 82 DI8

parvipunctata, Riist 1012

parvipunctata,

K. Schum... .«. 977

Passerini, Tod. . . 982

patentirostris, N, E.

Br. 4 SY auaeae

patula, Willd. « 938

var, depressa, N. E.

Br. A ae ORS

var. longirostris,

NK Bret jenni BSS

pedunculata, Masson 971

Peglera, NV. BE. Bre. 953

penduliflora, Steud. . 972

picta, N. E. Br, . . 1004

picta,J,Donn . . 1004

picta, Schultes . . 1004

pilifera, Lim. f. . . 890

Pillansii, V. £. Br. . 958

var, attenuata,

N. E. Br. 958

planiflora, Jacq. . 998

var, marginata,

Wind. <5 998

Plantii, Hook. f.. 947

plicata, Salm-Dyck . 1015

protensa, Hornem. 981

pruinosa, Masson. 882

pulchella, Masson . 989

pulchra, Schultes 988

pwd, Ait, ies. 875

pulvinata, J. Donn 937

pulvinata, Masson . 935

punctata, Masson . 1018

purpurea,

te vars. nigrescens,

eee. 2 se TONS

putida, Berger . 1012

quinguenervis,

Schultes . . . 1000

radiata, Jacq. . 1028

radiata, Link 121080

radiata, Riist . . 1009

radiata, Sims . . 1032

ramosa, Masson . — 8T4

reclinata, Masson. . 1030

INDEX.

STAPELIA (con.)

reclinata, Sims

rectiflora, Aiist .

yar. viridula, Riist

reflexa, Haw.

replicata, Jacq. .

reticulata, Masson

var. deformis, Jacq.

retusa, Riist . ‘

retusa, Schultes .

revoluta, Curtis .

revoluta, Musson

var. fuscata, N. 2.

5A ge aor en

var, tigridia, V. 2.

Br. pas ae

rorifiora, Dietr. .

roriflua, Jacq.

nyo, Haws Hin

rufa, Jfasson

var. attenuata,

Noe Bree

rufescens, Hort...

ruyescens,

Salm-Dyck . .

rugosa, J. Donn .

var, coronata,

RUS Sey hee

rugosa, Wendl. . .

salmiana, Rist .

sanguinea, Pasq. .

sanguinea, Riist .

scutellata, Tod. .

Scylla, Dammann

senilis, V. 2. Br.

serrulata, Jacq. .

Simsii, Schultes .

Sisyphus, Dammann

sororia, Hook. f. .

sororia, Jacq...

var. alia, Jacq.

sororia, Musson .

sp., Paterson ;

spectabilis, Haw...

stellaris, Haw.

stellaris, Jacq. . .

stellaris, Lodd. . .

stellata, St. Lag. —.

stricta, Sims...

stygia, Schultes .

surrecta, V, #. Br. .

tigridia, Decne.

tridentata, Riist . .

tridentata, Schultes .

trifida, Tod. .

trifulia, Breit, . .

trisulea, J. ee

tsomoensis, _

N. E. Br. ow ges

tubata, Jacq. Peer waa

Page

STAPELIA (con.)

tuberculis crassis,

BUMBetiia, sy Oe

tuberculata, Schultes 1036

tuberosa, Meerb. . 840

tubulosa, Hort. . . 907

umbilicata, Riist . 1014

umbilicata, Thuret 982

uncinata, Jacq. . . 945

unguipetala,

NEW Beis 88

Uspenskyi, Riist. . 1014

variegata, Blane . 997

variegata, Gouas. . 938

variegata, Jacq. 998, 1000

variegata, Linn, . 992

Br ‘ 1006

var, atropurpurca,

N. E..8r. 1005

var. _ brevicornis,

NB. Br? si A OOD

var. bufonia, N. E.

BPS. ea Bee

var. clypeata, Y. 2.

BRS a ANOO

var, conspurcata,

De Ge, 4 1003

var. Curtisii, VY. 2.

Bo ho a ee

var. horizontalis,

NV, £. Br. 1001

var, leta,

N. E. Br. 1004

var, marginuta,

N. E. Be « 998

var. marmorata,

N. E. Br. . « 1004

var. mixta, WV, £.

Be . 1000

var. pallida, N. £.

Bre hate AOD

var. picta, NV. £.

Bre A 1 see AUOL

var. planiflora,

Me BeBe x; 998

yar. Prometheus,

Dammann . . 1006

var. retusa, N. 2.

we . 1003

var. Tru Ns dy

Br. ens wants 1002

yar. trisulea, NV. E.

Bh 997

variegata, Mill. . 993

ceruaabs Sims . . 1002

venusta, Jacq. . . 919

var. minor, Jacq... 919

venusta, Masson. . 919

verrucosa, Jacq. . 988

1166

STAPELIA (con.)

verrucosa, Masson

var. conspicua,

N. FE. Br.

pallescens,

N. EB. BRS OS

war, pulchra, V. 2.

DRO Kae

var. punctifera,

NEE Bri es

var. robusta, V. 2.

Bh a ORE Oe

var. roriflua, N. 2.

Of pate aan asi Mae

verticillata, Schultes

vetula, Masson .

var. Simsii, V. 2.

Br. ;

vetula, Sims .

villosa, N. E. Br.

virens, Dink So". .

virescens, V. E. Br.

virgata, Schultes .

wendlandiana,

Schultes ..

Woodii, V. £. Br.

Staphylodendron,

africanum, ete,, Boerh.

africanum, ete.,

J. Burm. .

africanum, ete.,

Hiern <p" ys o's

Sratice, Willd, 5

ameena, C. H, Wright

anthericoides,

Dehlechter

aretizxfolia, Fries

avenacea,

C. H. Wright .

decumbens, Hoiss.

dicksoniana, Hort.

dregeana, Pres! .

equisetina, Poss.

var. depauperata,

Bote. *

kraussiana, Buch. .

linifolia, Drege. .

linifolia, Zinn, f.

var. maritima, Lchl,

¢ Zeyh OOS

var. robusta, C. H.

Wight 26%

longifolia, Thunb. .

pe regrina, Berg. # .

INDEX,

STATICE (con.)

Page |

purpurata, Linn. 420

var. longifolia,

Boreas 420

purpurata, Willd. 420

posea, Sm. 3!” 420

rytidophylla, Hook. . 420

scabra, Drege 420

scabra, Thunb. 422

tetraqona, Drege . 423

Stenostelma

capense, Schlechter . 620

SromarostemMa, N, E.

Bie 36 te Doe

Monteiroz,

NOEs BY e980

STROPHANTHUS, DC. 509

capensis, A.DC, . 511

Gerrardii, Stapf . 510

grandiflorus, Stapf . 510

petersianus, Kl, . . S11

var. grandiflorus,

is Bi Jie ts a ae 510

speciosus, Reber. . O11

Srrycanos, Linn. . 1050

Atherstonei, Harv. . 1051

Baculum, Harv... 1051

decussata, Gilg . . 1051

dysophylla, Benth, . 1054

Gerrardi, NV. BE. Br. 1053

Henningsii, Gilg . 1052

lana, Solered. . . 1055

Tokua, A. Rich... 1055

Mackenii, Harv... 1053

McKenii, Gervard . 1053

occidentalis, Solered. 1052

pauciflora, Gilg . . 1053

pungens, Solered. . 1051

randixformis, Baill. . 1054

schumanniana, Gilg . 1054

spinosa, Zam. . . 1055

Umbanda, Fourcade . 1052

utilis, Sim . . . 1052

Vuntac, Boj. . . 1055

Swertta, Linn. edi

stellarioides, Fic. . 1119

Welwitschii, Engl. . 1119

Sympreza, Lichtenstein 592

articulata, N. £. Br. 395

var. hians, N. Z.

Seg Ao et See

brachyphylla, Benth. 395

breviflora, V. E. Br, 393

capitellata, Licht. 396

var. angustata,

N. B Briss Ge BOG

var. crassistigma,

Ne &, Br. 928 BOG

tellata, Rach BSS

393

loniana, A. 2.

SYMPIEZA (con.)

Kunthii;, We Aes

var. brachyphylla,

Benth ey

var. hispida, Benth.

pallescens, V. #. Br.

tenuiflora, Benth.

vestita, NV. £. Br.

SyNDESMANTHOUS, Kl. .

articulatus, A/. . -

- yar. fasciculata,

N. E, Br. :

var. hirtus, Benth.

breviflorus, V. LZ. Br.

capitellatus, K). .

ciliatus, Benth. .

elimensis, V. 2. Br.

var. incertus, V. 2.

Be gs

Erinus, NV. Z. Br.

var. validus, NV.

BR aes

fasciculatus, Kl. .

glaucus, Kl... e

globiceps, N. 2. Br.

gracilis, N. E. Br.

Niveni, V. 2. Br.

paucifolius, Benth. .

pulchellus, W. 2. Br.

pumilus, V. Z. Br. .

scaber, A/. . ‘

var. gracilis, Benth.

Schlechteri, N. B. Br.

similis, VN. £. Br. -

squarrosus, Benth.

sympiezoides, NV. 2. Br.

venustus, VN. #. Br. .

viscosus, V. 2. Br. .

Zeyheri, Bolus

Systrepha

filiforme, Burch. -

filiformis, Burch. .

multiflora, Burch.

Camassi, Eckl. . -

elegans, Stapf . -

ventricosa, Hochst.

TACAZZEA, Decne .«

Kirkii, W. 2. Bre;

natalensis, N. LZ. Br.

Welwitschii,

Tapeinostelma

caffrum, Schlechter .

TAVARESIA, Welw.

Barklyi, NV. B. Br.

TetosMaA, Coville .—

africana, V. EB. Br,

Tenants, E. Meyer

Tubernemontana 505,

Schlechter 1 ee

‘ee 8

INDEX. 1167

Page : bg

“‘TENARIS (con.) Tridentea (con.) Ef Vitis Idea rg

filifolia, N. E, Br, 797 | Simsii, Haw. . . 964] wxthiopica, etc.,

rub-lHa, #. Meyer 795| — stygia, Haw. Seige ts O82 J. Burm. . 458

yubella, Schlechter . 796} _vetula, Haw. . 964 | exthiopica, ete.,

simulans, V. E. Br... 796 | Tristemon Commel, . . . 498

Thamnium urceolatus, Wt. 415| #thiopica, ctc., Pluk, 458

puberulum, Kl. 332 | Tromotriche foliis —angustissimis,

THamnus, Kl. . _ 356 ciliata, Sweet. 924 etc, Linn... 2.) 408

multiflorus, AV. . 356 | fuscata, Haw. 981 | VoacAaNnGa, Thouars . 507

Thela glauca, Haw. 981| Dregei, 2. Meyer . 907

albd, Lhete a se AO var. B, Haw. . 981} obtusa, K. Schum. 508

THORACOSPERMA, KJ. . 328] —mutabilis, VoGceEtta, Lam, 425

barbigera, O. Kze 361 var. variabilis, africana, Lam. 26

carnea, O. Kze 360 Sweet . 9821 spy Welw... 426

depressa, O. Kze . 364| obliqua, Sweet . 1003) Willughbeia

fasciculata, O. Kze 364} revoluta, Haw. . . 981} petersiuna, Kl. 494

Galpini, NV. £. Br. 330 | TrLopHora, R. Br. 764 | senensis, Kl... 494

glabella, O. Kze . 364| anomala, N. E. Br. . 766 | Woopra, Schlechter 560

hirsuta, O. Kze . 365 badia, Schlechter . 768 maryinata, S:hlechter 563

hirta,O.Kze . . 365 var. latifolia, V. Z. mucronata, V. 2. br. 561

interruptum, 1. LZ. os ere ee 769 var. trifurcata,

Pe re BOL caffra, Meisn. =. 3. 774 NEE Be. abe

Marlothii, N. EZ. Br. 330| Flanagani, Schlechter 767 mucronata, N. E. Br. 714

multiflora, O. Kze 361| Fleckii, VN. E. Br. . 766] singularis, N. £. Br.

nanum, V. E. Br. 331 | inhambanensis, 563, 1130

oblonga, O. Kze . . 366 Schlechter. . . 766) trifurcata, Schlechter 562

paniculatum, A7/. 329, 1128 lycioides, Decne. . 770 var. planifolia,

paniculatum, Kl. . 357 | simiana, Schlechter . 769 Schlechter . 563

ens, O. Kze . 364 syringeefolia, trilobata, Schlechter = 561

puberulum, N. 2. Br. 331 - Ei. Meyer . 769 | verrucosa, Schlechter 561

pubescens, O. Kze 362 | — syringifolia, Wricntta, R. Br. . 508

scabra, O. Kze . 364 Schlechter . 770| natalensis, Stapf 509

submutica, O. Kze 365| umbellata, Schlechter 768 | XysMatoBium, R. Br. . 564

Towicophlea Tylophoropsis acerateoides,

cestroides, A.DC. 500| Fleckii, Schlechter . 766 NE. Bag sa

spectabilis, Dyer . 501 | VACCINIACEE . 1| albens, Dietr. . . 710

Thunbergii, Harv. . 500) VaccrnicM, Linn. . 1| ambiguam, Y. 2. Br. 581

Thunbergii, Sond. . 501) africanum, Britt. 2\ appendiculatum,Dietr. 722

TRICHOCAULON, N.E.Br. 888/ Exul, Bolus. . 1| asperum, V. EZ. Br... 578

Alstoni, N. #. Br. 891 | pensylvanica, Mill. 458| Baurii, N. 2. Br. . 580

annulatum, V. BE. Br. 889) — pensylvanicum, Mill.. 458| brownianum,S. Moore 569

eactiforme, N. E. Br. 895) VILLARSTA, Vent. . . 1119| carinatum, V. Z. Pr.

flavum, V. FE. Br. 893| indica, E. Meyer. . 1121 568, 1130

grande, N. EK. Br, . 892) ovata, Vent... . 1119} concolor, Dietr. . . 730

Mariothii, V. #. Br. 894) Vinca . - + +: 504] confusum, Scott-

officinale, VN. E. Br.. 893) foliis oblongo-ovatis, PAE ORs 574

piliferum, N. #. Br. 890 Mill. . . + + 505| coronarium, Dietr. . 7

Pillansii, N. LE. Br. . 892) rosea, Linn. . . «. 505| crispum,Dietr. . . 704

yar. major, V. Z. Vincetoxicum dealbatum, Dietr. . 729

Bp. 892| africanum, O.Kze . 749| ensifolium, Burch. . 571

usticum, 891 | caffrum,O.Kze. . 774 Gerrardi, Scott-E//iot 576

895| capense,O.Kze . . 751 gomphocarpoides,

dregeanum, O. Kze . 750 DO eo

938| lyciodes,O.Kze. . 771) grandiflorum, R.Br. 754

yemmiflora, Hi _ 962} Meyeri, Benth, & humile, Dietr. . . 701

hi Schultes . 963 Mew 6 745| involucratum, Deene 566

juvencula, Sweet. 964 | pilosum, Nichols. 749 lapathifolium, Decne , 573

moschata, Haw. . . 963} syringifolium, ligulatum, Dietr.. . 729

paniculata, Schultes . 969 | .Kze . . . 770) lingueforme, Weale . 563

rugosa, Schultes, . 1001! — virens, QO. Kze . . 752! marginatum, Dietr. . 562

1168 INDEX.

Page | Page Page

XYSMALOBIUM (con.) XYSMALOBIUM (con.) XYSMALOBIUM (con.)

orbiculare, Dretr. . 574 rigidum, Dietr. . . 719 undulatum, Decne ., 581

orbiculare, Dietr. 557, 1130 stockenstromense, vexillare, Dietr. . . 726

padifolinm, Scott- Scott-Hiliot . . 571 viridiflorum, Dietr. . 697

Elliot . eaeree 575 tysonianum, NV. #. winterbergense, WV. Z.

parviflorum, Harv. . 577 BOG 6 TPE BAO Tes 568

pedunculatum, Harv. 580; undulatum, R. Br. Woodii, NV. #. Br. . 1130

prunelloides, Zurcz. 579 572, 1130| Zeyheri, NV. £. Br. . 567

reflectens, Dietr. 7 MOL var., Scott-Elliot . 572

CORRIGENDA.

Page

5, line 22, for Ericacex read Erices.

12, ,, 35, for 44 read 45,

19, ,, 5, for heliophila read heleophila.

50, ,, 18, for Kuntze read Kunze.

108, ,, 16, from the bottom, for heliophila read heleophila.

TO, i PO 5) oe »» heliophila read heleophila.

ROS, Ay os Oy Oo » galliiflora read galiiflora.

Oey) sy Ae 9 ae ss »» Stamens read Stems.

597, 4, 20, for Massoni read Massonii.

865, ,, 6, from the bottom, after ANISOTOMA add Fenzl.

pea Wass AG eee . for Jacq. read J. Donn.

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