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PREFACE.

On the completion of Volume VII. the preparation of Volume

IV. was taken up. Professor Francis GuTHRIE and Dr. Bonus

undertook in South Africa the elaboration of Ericacew. Mean-

while, with the aid of contributors whom I was able to enlist

at home, a commencement was made with the présent volume,

and the first part was published as long ago as.1901. Un-

happily the death of Professor GUTHRIE in 1899 and the

failing health of Dr. BoLus left. their contribution unfinished,

and it had to be continued and completed at Kew. It became

impracticable to make any further progress with Volume V.

till the two sections of the preceding one had been disposed of.

In a vast undertaking like the present, the progress of which

is necessarily protracted, it is the inevitable but melancholy

task of the Editor to record the loss from time to time of those

whose generous assistance and co-operation have made its

ultimate accomplishment possible. That it should be so must.

be his justification for the somewhat erratic mode.of publication

which he has felt obliged to adopt. Particular orders have

been as far as possible entrusted to those who had made them

a special study. Had he waited to invoke their aid in follow-

ing a continuous sequence, that aid would in at least two

cases have been unavailable and with difficulty replaced.

CHARLES BARON CLARKE, M.A., F.R.S., died 25th August, 1906 ;.

he elaborated Commelinacee (1897), Cyperacee (1898) and

Acanthacee (1901) in the present volume, (Obituary notice

and bibliography, Kew Bulletin, 1906, pp. 271-281.) MaxwELL

TyLpEN Masters, M.D., F.R.S., died 30th May, 1907 ; he worked

out Restiacew for the Flora in 1897. (Obituary notice and

bibliography, Kew Bulletin, 1907, pp. 325-334.) Dr. THEODORE

vi PREFACE,

Cooks, C.LE., F.L.S., on the completion in 1908 of his Bombay

Flora on which he‘had been engaged for ten years, volunteered

his aid for the Flora Capensis. He rendered great service by

filling up many gaps in the present section undisposed of at

the moment. I had hoped to receive from him more extended

contributions, but while occupied on Amarantacee he was

seized with illness which terminated fatally on 5th November,

1910. (Obituary notice, Kew Bulletin, 1910, pp. 350-352.)

The death of Harry Botvus, D.Sc, F.L.S., in England on

25th May, 1911 (obituary notice, Kew Bulletin, 1911, pp. 275—

277) is something more than the loss of a contributor of

specialized accomplishments. In his knowledge of the South

African flora it may be said with confidence that Dr. Botus

had no living rival. I cannot do better than quote a few

words from Professor PEARSON'S penetrating appreciation of

his work and character (Kew Bulletin, 1911, pp. 319-322) :—

“By common consent Dr. Bovs occupied a unique and

honoured place amongst botanical workers in South Africa.

His death removes one of the most striking figures from the’

ranks of her scientific men, and leaves a vacancy which no

man can fill, In the annals of South African Botany his

name and his record will be written in large characters.”

Dr. Botus took more than a keen interest in the progress of

this work. As has been acknowledged in previous prefaces, .

Kew has received from him a continuous stream of fresh and

novel material. Nor can it be doubted ‘that his position and

reputation in South Africa weighed with the Legislature of

Cape Colony in inducing it to make successive grants in aid

of its preparation and publication. ' Having during his lifetime

endowed the Chair of Botany in the South African College,

he bequeathed to it his herbarium and library and:a considerable

portion of his fortune. a 20 pa)

From Volume IV. onwards the area comprised in the Flora

has been extended to the ‘Tropic. In many of the regions 80.

included material is scanty or wholly wanting. - It is therefore:

with no small satisfaction “that I am’ able ‘to record’ that the”

PERCY SLADEN Memorial: Expedition (assisted: by a grant from

the: Royal Society of London) worked between Ceres’ Read it

PREFACE, vii

Cape Colony and Liideritzbucht in Great Namaqualand in the

summer of 1908-9, and a second expedition under the same

auspices, between Eendekuil in Cape Colony and Sendling’s

(or Bethany) Drift in the Orange River in the summer of

1910-11. The summer flora of the greater part of these

regions was previously little known, and the material collected

in Bushmanland and the eastern part of Great Namaqualand

in the former journey and in the Richtersveld (between

Ookiep and the Orange River) in 1910-11, furnishes many

new records of distribution and contains a considerable number

of new species.

The Natal Government has made no contribution to the

work since 1907. On the other hand that of the Transvaal

has given spontaneously a liberal grant, and this has been

followed by a still more substantial one which it is hoped

will provide sufficiently for the completion of the work.

In the present section I have been again fortunate in securing

the aid of contributors who in many cases were able to bring

to bear the advantage of previous study on the groups they

undertook. Amongst these are Mr. C. B. CharkE, F.R.S., who

worked out Acanthacex, and Mr. R. A. Ror, A.L.S., Selaginex,

I have had the further advantage of the continued co-operation

of South African botanists. Professor PEARSON has contributed

Verbenacee, and I am indebted to the Trustees of the South

African Museum for granting leave of absence to Mr. E. P,

Pures, one of their staff, to come to Kew to work out

Proteacex, an order with which he had obtained a first-hand

acquaintance in the field. The expiration of Mr. PHILLIPs’s

leave left his task in some respects incomplete, and I am

indebted to Dr. Starr, F.R.S., Keeper of the Herbarium, and

to Mr. Jonn HvTcHINSoN, Assistant for Tropical Africa, for

supplementing what was needed to Mr. PHILuips’s work,

The laborious task of elaborating Labiate was undertaken

simultaneously by Messrs. BRowN and SKay, and by Dr,

COOKE. pill 4 [ .

I continue to be indebted for invaluable aid to Mr. C. H.

Wnricut, A.LS., and to! Mr, N. E. Brown, ALLS., Assistant

Keepers of the Herbarium, the former ‘in reading the proofs

Vili PREFACE.

and in other ways, the latter for working out the localities

and distribution.

For the limits of the regions under which the localities are

cited in which the species have been found to occur, reference

may be made to the Preface to Volume VI.

Besides the maps already cited in the Prefaces to Volumes VI.

and VIL, the following have also been used :-—

Map of the Colony of the Cape of Good Hope and neighbour-

ing territories, Compiled from the best available information.

By Joun Tempter Horne, Surveyor-General, 1895,

Stanford’s new Map of the Orange Free State and the

southern part of the. South African Republic, ete., 1899.

Carte du Théatre de la Guerre Sud-Africaine. Par le

Colonel CAMILLE Favrs, 1902.

To many of the South African correspondents of Kew

enumerated in previously published volumes I have again to

tender my acknowledgments for the contribution of specimens

in aid of the work to the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic

Gardens. :

I must further record my obligations to some new contribu-

tors, and to those whose kind -assistance in various ways has

been of the greatest value in the preparation of this section of

Volume V.

Prof. G. Breck, Ritter von Mannagetta und Lerchenau,

University of Prague. Loan of Proteacex, "

Harry Bows, Esq., D.Sc, F.LS., contributed many speci-

mens and lent portions of his Herbarium. —.

J. Burtr Davy, Esq., F.L.S. Plants from the Transvaal.

Prof. H. H. Drxoy, F.RB.S., Trinity College, Dublin, Loan

of the Labiate in Harvey’s Herbarium,

R. A. Dimmer, Esq. Plants from N amaqualand and Cape

Division.

Prof. J. EIcHier, Curator of the Botanic Department, K

Naturalienkabinet at Stuttgart. Loan of Proteacew,

Geheimrath Dr, A. ENGLER, Director of the Botanic Garden

and Museum, Dahlem. Loan of Selaginee and Proteacex.

Prof. C. Fianavtr, Director of the Institute of Botany

University of Montpellier. Collection of Basutoland Plants.

PREFACE. ix

_E. E. Garry, Esq., F.L.S., Queenstown, Cape Colony. Large

collections of South African plants and loan of portions of his

private Herbarium. isis

Dr. H. O. Jvet, Director of the Botanic Garden, Upsala.

' Loan of portions of Thunberg’s Herbarium. f

Prof. C. A. M. Lixpay, Curator of the Botanic Department

of the Natural History Museum, Stockholm. Loan of Proteacew.

Dr. J. Murr. Specimens from Riversdale District.

Dr. L. Périncuey, Director of the South African Museum,

Cape Town. Various duplicates and loan of specimens from

the South African Museum.

E. P. Pures, Esq., M.A. Collection of Proteacex and others.

Mrs. R. Porr (formerly Miss R. LeENDERTZ)., Plants from

Transvaal.

Prof, Hans Scutnz, Director of the University Botanic

Garden and Museum, Ziirich. Large collections of South —

African plants and loan of specimens.

Dr. S. SCHONLAND, Curator of the Albany Museum, Grahams-

town. Contribution and loan of specimens of Proteacex and

others. .

Prof. E. Warne, late Director of the Botanic, Garden,

Copenhagen. Loan of Selaginex. af

J. Mepitey Woop, Esq., A.L.S., Director of the Botanic

Garden, Durban. ollections of Natal plants and loan of

specimens.

Dr. A. ZAHLBRUCKNER, Keeper of the Botanic Department

of the Hofmuseum, Vienna. Loan of Labiate and Proteacee.

I must allow myself more personally to express my

indebtedness to Lieut.-Colonel Pratn, C.M.G., C.L.E., E.RS.,

Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, for kind and unfailing

assistance in many ways, without which the task of editing a

work of this kind at a distance from the resources of Kew

could hardly be accomplished. ‘

It has been the practice, at any rate in the more recent

works that have emanated from Kew, to conform to the

classification and sequence of orders adopted in BENTHAM and

«*

x PREFACE.

HOoKERr’s Genera Plantarum. This work was not available

to Professor Harvey when he commenced the Flora Capensis,

and he appears to have based himself on the Prodromus of

AvuGuSTIN PyraMusS DE CANDOLLE, in the three volumes of

which he was the author with Dr. SonpERx. From Volume IV!

onwards of the continuation the Genera Plantarum has been

followed. ‘There is in consequence an inconsistency between

the earlier and later portions of the work in. regard to the

delimitation of the sub-classes adopted, which, although of

little practical importance inasmuch as it scarcely affects the

Sequence of the orders, it is desirable to clear up. How this

arises will be apparent from the statement with which Professor

HaRvEY commences the preface to his third volume: “This

-++. contains the orders of CaLycirLor& with a monopetalous

corolla and an inferior ovary. The fourth volume ... .iwill, it

‘is hoped, include the Heaths (Hricee) and all the Monopetala

with superior ovaries, i.¢., the COROLLIFLORA proper.” BENTHAM

and Hooker in the Genera Plantarum have adopted the sub-

class GAMOPETALa from Endlicher, who had established it in

1836 to include all orders with a monopetalous corolla... This

arrangement has been followed in the present work from

Volume IV. onwards. The removal of monopetalous orders

from Calyciflore does not however affect the sequence in which

they are dealt with. But in order to make the classification

consistent throughout, it is necessary in the first place to

substitute the following new definitions of sub-classes 1-3 for

those given by Professor Harvey in. Vol. L, p. xxxiii. |

Sub-class I.) Tuaramirtora, Ord. L-XEL (Vol. L, pp. 1+

— 449). Calyx and . Corolla (generally) present. Petals

‘Separate, inserted, as are also the stamens, on the receptacle

- (Le., hypogynous). Ovary free. | ny stow

Sub-class II. Canycrrnorz. Ord. “XLIL-LXX. (Vol. 1,

pp. 450-528; Vol. IL, pp. 1-572). Calyx and Corolla

generally) present. Petals Separate. Stamens inserted

on the calyx | (perigynous): or- on ‘the ovary. (epigynous).

_ Ovary free or moré or less adnate) to. the calyx-tube.

LXXI. Balanophorew Nol.) U5 p. 572), and LXXIL

PREFACE. xi

*Loranthacee (Vol. II., p. 574) are transferred to Mono-

CHLAMYDEA.

‘Sub-class III. GamoperaL#, Ord. LXXIII-CVI. (Vols. III.,

IV., and V., sect. 1, pp. 1-392), Calyx and corolla both

present. Petals united ina gamopetalous corolla. Stamens

inserted upon the corolla. Ovary free or more or less

adnate to the calyx-tube.

In the second place the “Sequence of Orders” in Vol. III,

p. ix., must be remodelled as below; the definitions of the

-orders themselves are unaffected.

Sub-class III. GamoprraLa&. Ord. LXXIII-LXXVII.

Series I. Inver. Ord. LXXIII-LXXVII. Ovary inferior.

Conort i. Ruprates. Stamens epipetalous. Ovary 2-c-celled,

cells 1~cc -ovuled.

LXXIII. RUBIACEZ (page 1).

‘Conortii. AsTERALEs. Stamen epipetalous. Ovary 1-celled,

1-ovuled.

LXXIV. VALERIANEZ (page 39).

LXXV. DIPSACE (page 41).

LXXVI. COMPOSIT (page 44).

Conorr iii, Campanates. Stamens usually epigynous and free

from the corolla.

LXXVII. CAMPANULACE/ (page 530).

W, T. Td

Wirtcomss, 6th May, 1912.

SEQUENCE OF ORDERS CONTAINED IN

VOL. V. SECT. 1, WITH BRIEF CHARACTERS. |

Continuation of Series III. BicarpeLtntate. Ord. CI-CVI.

Conort ix. Prrsonaes (continued). Corolla usually irregular or

oblique. Stamens 2 or 4. Ovules numerous or 2 superposed.

CI. ACANTHACEZE (page 1). Calyaw usually divided to the

base. Ovary 2-celled; ovules 2 or few (rarely numerous) in

each cell, superposed. Capsule loculicidally 2-valved ; valves

recurving elastically from the apex. Seeds exalbuminous, borne

on processes of the placenta (retinacula). (Herbs or shrubs.

Leaves opposite, usually entire, exstipulate. Inflorescence various,

sometimes of strobilate spikes.)

Conort x. Lamiates. Corolla usually irregular or oblique.

Stamens 4 or 2, a fifth sometimes represented by a staminode.

Ovary 2- or 4-celled; ovules solitary or 2 collateral. Fruit

usually included in the calyx, indehiscent, l1-seeded or dividing

into 2 or 4 1-seeded nutlets.

CII. MYOPORINEA! (page 92). Leaves alternate, Flowers

axillary. Anthers 2-celled. Radicle superior. (Erect or diffuse

herbs, shrubs or rarely trees.)

CIII. SELAGINEAS (page 95). Leaves alternate, rarely the

lower opposite. Flowers in terminal spikes or panicles or

lateral towards the ends of the branches. Anthers 1-celled.

Radicle superior. (Small heath-like shrubs or undershrubs,

tufted perennial herbs, or rarely small annuals.)

CIV. VERBENACEZ (page 180). Leaves usually opposite or

whorled. Ovary entire, rarely shortly 4-lobed ; style terminal.

Radicle inferior. Fruit more or less drupaceous. (Herbs,

shrubs or trees.)

CV. LABIATZ (page 226). Leaves opposite or whorled. Ovary

usually deeply 4-lobed; style gynobasic. Radicle inferior. .

Fruit of 4 nutlets. (Herbs or shrubs, usually with square stems

and branches.) 5

xiv SEQUENCE OF ORDERS.

ANOMALOUS ORDER.

CVI. PLANTAGINEZ (page 387). Corolla regular, 4-lobed,.

scarious. Stamens 4, alternate with the corolla-lobes. Ovary

entire, 2-celled. (Perennial or annual herbs, either stemless with

-rosulate leaves or caulescent with alternate or opposite leaves.

Inflorescence spicate.)

Sub-class IV. Monocutamypes. Ord. CVIT.-CXVII.

Series i. CurvemBryex. Seeds with farinaceous albumen ; embryo

curved, Jateral or surrounding the albumen, rarely nearly

straight, narrow and subcentral. Ovule solitary in each cell

or carpel, or {in some Amarantacez) several. Flowers herma-

phrodite, rarely 1-sexual or polygamous. Stamens as many as

the perianth-segments or fewer, rarely more.

CVIT. NYCTAGINEA (page 392). Perianth with a persistent

base enclosing and sometimes adhering to the fruit. Stamens

hypogynous, sometimes many. Ovary l-celled; style simple.

Seeds with inferior radicle. (Herbs, shrubs or trees, with

usually opposite entire exstipulate leaves. Flowers in cymes,

panicles or corymbs, usually coloured.)

CVIII. ILLECEBRACE (page 398). Perianth herbaceous,

or scarious at the margin, persistent. Stamens perigynous, as

many as the perianth-segments and opposite to them. Ovary

l-celled ; styles or style-arms 2-3. (Annual or perennial herbs,

rarely shrubs, Leaves usually opposite and stipulate. Flowers

minute, usually green.)

CIX. AMARANTACE (page 402). Perianth dry, not

herbaceous. Stamens hypogynous or perigynous, as many as

the perianth-segments and opposite to them ; filaments connate

at the base. Ovary 1-celled; style simple or 2-3-fid; ovules

‘1 to many. Uftricle indehiscent, or bursting irregularly or

circumscissile. (Herbs or wndershrubs, rarely trees. Leaves

opposite or alternate, exstipulate. Flowers small or minute,

bracteate and bracteolate.)

CX. CHENOPODIACEZ (page 433). Perianth membranous

or herbaceous. Stamens hypogynous or perigynous, as many

as the perianth-segments and opposite to them or fewer ;

filaments free. Ovary 1-celled, l-ovuled; style simple, 2-3-

lobed, or styles 2-3 distinct. Utricle indehiscent. (Annual or

perennial herbs or shrubs, rarely small trees. Leaves alternate

eit opposite, exstipulate. Inflorescence various; flowers

small, )

SEQUENCE OF ORDERS. xv

CXI, PHYTOLACCACEA (page 454). Perianth herbaceous or

coriaceous, rarely membranous, 5-lobed, usually persistent.

Stamens hypogynous, 3-25; filaments sometimes connate at

the base. Carpels 2 to many, free or united ; styles as many

as the carpels, free or united at the base. Radicle inferior or

descending. (Shrubs or herbs, rarely trees. Leaves alternate,

eastipulate. Flowers usually racemose, small or medium-sized,

green or whitish.) |

CXII, POLYGONACE (page 459). Perianth herbaceous,

membranous and often coloured, rarely adhering to the base.

of the ovary. Stamens perigynous, usually a few more than

the perianth-segments ; filaments free or connate at the base.

Ovary 1-celled, l-ovuled; styles or style-arms 2-3. Fruit a

trigonous or lenticular nut. Radicle superior or ascending.

(Herbs or shrubs. Leaves alternate; petiole dilated into a

membranous sheath below. Flowers small, racemose or axillary.)

Series ii. Muxriovutarm Agquaticm. Submerged herbs. Ovary

syncarpous, 1—3-celled; ovules numerous.

CXIII. PODOSTEMACE (page 482). Perianth small or

absent. Stamens 1 to many ; filaments free or united. Ovary

superior, cells or placentas 2-3. Seeds exalbuminous. (Sub-

merged herbs of various habit, often resembling mosses, foliaceous

or frondose hepaticee or lichens.) ©

Series iiii Muttiovutar® Terrestres. Terrestrial parasitic

herbs (in the South African genera). Ovary syncarpous ;

ovules numerous.

CXIV. CYTINACEZE (page 485). Ovary inferior, 1-celled in

the South Atfrican genera, with parietal or pendulous placentas,

or ovuliferous all over. Seeds exalbuminous.

Series iv. MicremMBRYEx. Ovary syncarpous or apocarpous, or of

a single carpel ; ovules solitary in South African genera. Seeds

with abundant fleshy or floury albumen ; embryo very small.

CXV. PIPERACE (page 487). Ovary superior, 1-celled,

l-ovuled. Stamens 2-4. Flowers hermaphrodite in the South

African genera, very small. (Herbs or shrubs, erect or climbing.

Leaves alternate, opposite cr whorled, stipulate or exstipulate.

_ Inflorescence spicate or racemose.)

CXVa. MONIMIACEZE (page 492). Ovary superior, 1-celled,

or carpels several, distinct. Stamens 10-15. Flowers dicecious

in the only South African genus. (Shrubs or small trees.

Leaves subopposite, minutely pellucid-punctate. Inflorescence

racemose.) »

XV1 satanic: OF ORDERS.

Serres v. DAPHNALES. Ovary of a single carpel, very rarely of

several united ; ovules solitary or 2 collateral, very rarely few

in superposed pairs. Perianth usually calycine; segments

1-2-seriate. Stamens perigynous, as many or twice as many

as the perianth-lobes, occasionally fewer. Flowers usually

hermaphrodite. (Trees or shrubs, very rarely herbs.)

CXVI. LAURINEZ (page 493). Perianth-segments 6 or 4,

' 2-seriate, imbricate. Stamens typically in 4 whorls, some often

reduced to staminodes or suppressed; anthers dehiscing by

valves opening upwards. Ovary 1-celled; ovule 1, pendulous,

Radicle ‘superior.

CXVII. PROTEACEA! (page 502). Perianth-segments 4, valvate.

Stamens as many as the perianth-lobes and opposite to them ;

anthers dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary l-celled; ovules

solitary or 2 collateral, or rarely few in superposed pairs,

pendulous or lateral. Radicle inferior. |

FLORA OAPENSIS.

Orver Cl. ACANTHACEZ.

(By C. B. Crarxz.)

Flowers hermaphrodite, irregular. Calyx inferior, free ; segments

5 or 4, nearly separate or united. Corolla gamopetalous; tube

campanulate or linear ; limb 2-lipped or 5-lobed, more or less 1-sided.

Stamens on the corolla, 4 didynamous, or. 2 (with or without

rudiments of others) ; anther-cells 2 or 1, rounded acute or tailed

at the base, parallel at equal height, or one more or less below the

other ; pollen ellipsoid (then usually ribbed or banded longitudinally)

or globose (then often honeycombed or echinulate) ; equatorial pores

2 or 3 (for the protusion of pollen-tubes) closed by stopples. Ovary

superior, 2-celled; ovules 2 or several in each cell, superimposed, or

sometimes the lower ovule in each cell rudimentary or wanting, or

(in Thunbergia) 2 ovules, collateral in each cell ; style long, simple,

minutely 2-fid. Capsule loculicidal, often elastically dehiscent ;

in a few genera the placentw, remaining attached to the top of the

capsule, spring up elastically from the bottom, thus scattering the

seeds. Seeds usually as many as the ovules (except in several genera

where the lower ovule in each cell is imperfect), held up on the

thickened upcurved outgrowth of the funiele (the retinaculum),

except in Thunbergia.

Herbs or shrubs. Leaves opposite, nearly always simple, entire ; stipules 0.

Inflorescence very various (even in the same genus), in strobilate spikes, or in

heads or clusters, or of remote solitary flowers. Bracts large, or small or 0;

bracteoles 2 (prophylla) often present, large or small.

Species 2000, abundant in the Tropics, frequent in temperate climates, absent

in cold regions, in Europe only represented by 8 or 4 species of the genus Acanthus

which reach the Mediterranean,

The Order is marked (except Thunbergia) by the strong upcurved hooks which

carry the seeds ; cf. Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vy. 1, 2.

Tribe 1, THUNBERGIEZ. Corolla not, or obscurely, 2-lipped ; lobes con-

torted in the bud, i.e. no lobe wholly within or without the others, Ovules 2 in

each cell, collateral. Capsule beaked. Seeds orbicular, without retinacula.

I, Thunbergia.—Bracteoles 2, large, enclosing the small calyx.

Tribe 2. RUELLIEZ. Corolla lobes contorted in the bud. Stamens 4,

or in Chetacanthus 2; anther-cells at nearly equal height. Caly# or

bracteoles often conspicuous. Seeds discoid, covered, at least on the margins, with

numerous fine white hairs which spring out on applying water. ;

Subtribe 1. HyGropnitex. Ovules 3 or more in each cell. Capsule (unless

accidentally) with more than 4 seeds. Corolla distinctly 2-lipped.

II. Hygrophila.—Stamens 4; anther-cells muticous ; pollen ellipsoid, ribbed

longitudinally,

vO, Y, B

2 ACANTHACHA (Clarke).

Subtribe 2. Eu-Rvg1tiinm®. Ovules 3 or more in each cell. Capsule usually

with more than 4 seeds. Corolla not, or obscurely, 2-lipped.

III. Ruellia.— Pollen globose, honeycombed. Capsule with seeds in the upper

part, cylindric and solid at the base. ;

IV. Ruelliopsis.— Polen ellipsoid, longitudinally grooved. Capsule seed-bearing

nearly from the base. Anther-cells tailed at the base.

Subtribe 3. SrRoBILANTHES. Ovules 2 in each-cell. Capsule with 4 (or

fewer) seeds,

* Placente not rising elastically from the base of the capsule.

V. Dyschoriste.—Stamens 4, perfect.

VI. Chetacanthus.—Stamens 2, with or without minute rudiments of others.

** Placente rising elastically from the base of the capsule with the ripe seeds.

VII. Phaylopsis.—Floral leaf containing 3-1 ebracteolate flowers.

VIII. Petalidium.—Hach flower with 2 large ovate or elliptic bracteoles,

Tribe 3, ACANTHEZ. Corolla 1-lipped; tube short. Stamens 4; anthers

1-celled ; pollen ellipsoid, longitudinally banded. Ovules 2 (or 1) in each cell.

* Calyx 4-partite to the base (i.e. the 2 anticous segments connate to the tip or

very nearly so). Corolla wanting the posticous lip.

IX. Blepharis.—Bract large, acute, often ending in aspine. The two anticous

filaments with a short process near the top. Ovary with 2 pits at the apex of

the posticous face. Seeds with hygroscopic hairs.

X. Acanthopsis.—Bract large, obovate, ending in 5-3 compound spines, Fila-

ments without processes. Ovary without pits at the apex of the posticous face.

Seeds with hygroscopic hairs.

XI. Acanthus.— Filaments without processes, Ovary without pits at the apex of

tke posticous face. Seeds without hygroscopic hairs,

** Calyw 5-partite to the base. Corolla-limb split down the posticous face, so

that the lip has 5 lobes all on one side.

XII. Selerochiton.— Sepals all similar ; posticous 1-nerved.

XIII. Crossandra.—Posticous sepal broader than the others, 2-nerved, often

2-toothed at the tip.

Tribe 4. JUSTICIEA).

lobe wholly. within,

(except in Crabbea),

Subtribe 1. Terranpra. Stamens 4, all fertile,

XIV. Crabbea.—Flowers in dense compound heads. Ovules 8 in each cell.

XV. Glossochilus.— Flowers s

olitary. Leaves narrowly cuneate-oblon labrate,

Ovules 2 in each cell. Capsule hardly stalked. . radios

XVI. Asystasia.— Flow

ere in racemes, spikes or heads. Ovules 2 i ‘

Capsule long-stalked. i ries ee ae

Subtribe 2. ERANTHEMEZ. Stamens 2 fertile.

XVII. Mackaya.—Corolla curved ; tube much inflated in the upper half,

Subtribe 3. BaRteniex, Stamens 2 fertile. Calyx large, 4-parti hi

base, i.e, two anticous lobes connate nearly or qui t ipemdenspeaves:

te to the tip.

XVIII. Barleria.— Pollen globose, reticulated.

Subtribe 4. Eu-Justicie

Corolla-limb subequally 5-lobed or 2-

L lipped, one

one wholly without, in the bud. Ovules 2-1

in each cell

Corolla hardly 2-lipped.

scopic hairs,

* MONOTHECIER. Anthers l-celled. Placente not rising elastically with the

seeds from the base of the capsule,

XIX. Ruttya.—Corolla-tube wide 3 Segments 5, ovate, in two lips.

ACANTHACE® (Clarke). 3

** Typica. Anthers 2-celled. Placente not rising elastically from the base

of the capsule. Flower not appearing as though enclosed between two

opposite bracts.

+ One anther-cell below the other, distinctly tailed (but not tailed in two species

here recorded under Justicia).

XX. Justicia.—Corolla-tube not much longer than the limb, Seeds usually 4 to

the capsule, rough or tubercular.

XXI. Monechma.—Corolla-tube not much longer than the limb. Seeds 2 to the

capsule, smooth, usually shining.

XXII. Siphonoglossa.—Corolla-tube slender, much longer than the limb.

tt One anther-cell slightly below the other, hardly tailed at the base (or very

shortly tailed in Adhatoda). See also 20. Justicia.

XXIII, Adhatoda.— Inflorescence congested ; bracts conspicuous. Corolla-tube

broad. Capsule 1-2-seeded.

XXIV. Rhinacanthus.—Inflorescence diffuse; bracts inconspicuous. Corolla-tube

long linear; posticous lip small. Capsule 4-seeded.

XXV, Echolium.—Bracts conspicuous, strobilate. Corolla-tube cylindric ; lips

not elongate. Capsule (where known) 2-seeded.

ttt One anther-cell entirely below the other, not tailed.

XXVI. Isoglossa.—Pollen globose, flattened, with a stopple in the centre of

each face.

*** HyporsTex. Placenta not rising elastically from the base of the capsule.

Spikelet usually of 1 flower with an imperfect second flower, appearing

included by the two bracts corresponding to the two flowers or overtopped by

the 2 bracts when they ure narrow.

XXVII. Peristrophe.—Anthers 2-celled, one cell much above the other.

XXVIII. Hypoestes.— Anthers 1-celled,

**** SoLutx. Placente rising elastically from the base of the capsule with the

ripe seeds,

XXIX. Macrorungia.—Shrubs. Caly# divided about half-way down. Corolla

red; lips 1 in. long.

XXX. Dicliptera.—Herbs. Calyw divided to the base. Corolla pink.

I. THUNBERGIA, Linn. f.

Bracteoles 2, large, elliptic or ovate. Calyx much shorter than

the bracteoles, either subtruneate or of 10-14 small linear teeth.

Corolla: tube oblique, more or less widened upwards; lobes 5,

rounded, spreading, contorted in the bud. Stamens 4, didynamous;

connective often produced at the top as a short horn ; anthers nearly

similar, 2-celled, oblong, often spurred at the base and with beaded

hairs, Pollen globose, obscurely banded, smooth or most minutely

tubereled. Ovary ovoid, acute; style funnel-shaped, or of two lobes

one below the other; ovules in each cell 2. Capsule globose,

abruptly rostrate, loculicidally dehiscent, Seeds in each cell 2, near

the base, subhemispheric or flattened; hilum central on the ventral

face, attached directly to the placenta without retinacula.

Rambling, twining or scandent, or small and suberect. Peduncles in the Cape

species axillary, solitary, 1-flowered.

Species 96, viz. 15 in S.E. Asia, 60 in Tropical Africa, 10 in the Mascarene

Islands, 17 in Sonth Africa. ;

4 ACANTHACEE (Clarke). [ Thunbergia.

Section 1. TuunsErciopsis, Lindau. Calyx-teeth

about 5 (but irregular), short-ovate; stigma funnel-

shaped a6 so cua nee os aes 0

Section 2. Ev-THunpereia, Lindau. Calyx-teeth

about 12, linear. One lobe of the stigma below the

other. :

Anther-cells without linear spurs at the base : :

Leaves all sessile si ot wa ... (2) capensis.

Some leaves petioled, 1-2 in.long ... ... (3) purpurata.

Some anther-cells (6 or 4 in each flower) with linear

rigid spurs at the base ;

Leaves all sessile, i.e. petioles of the lower

leaves 0-4 in: long:

Glabrous ... hes ee < ws (4) Galpini.

(1) natalensis,

Hairy:

Leaves lanceolate to linear, 2 in,

long :

Bracteoles 2 in. long... .» (5) Venosa.

Bracteoles § in. long... ... (6) stenophylla.

Leaves elliptic or ovate:

Bracteoles cordate at the base ..,_ (7) cordibracteata.

Bracteoles rounded or truncate at

the base :

Style densely hispid in the

upper part soe .. (8) hirtistyla.

Style glabrous :

Leaves ovate... (9) atriplicifolia.

Leaves elliptic or oblong :

Jeaves narrow-tri-

angular at the

top, pointed :

Some leaves ..

toothed ... (10) aspera.

Leaves all en- peo

tire ... (11) xanthotricha.

Leaves obtuse tri-

angular at the tip (12) Bachmanni.

Petioles of the middle and ines sisi leaves (2)

4-4 in. long :

Hispid ; bracteoles }-in. long ee, ... (18) neglecta.

Softly villous; bracteoles 3 in. long (is) mn.

Some petioles of the middle stem-leaves exceed-

ing # in. in length:

_—— i leaves entire (base sometimes ‘

ANQUAT) ie aes nee 1 ees) ase (15) pondocnsis.

Leaves or many of them angular and =

toothed :

Petioles not winged ; corolla white ... (16) dregeana

Petioles winged; corolla (usually) ew 4

yellow with dark eye Sx <i (17) alate. .

1. T. natalensis (Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5089) - thinly hairy or

glabrate ; stem shrubby, 2 ft. high, iemanhed ; ul 9-4 cag

oblong or elliptic, acute, cordate at the base, usually subentire but often

sinuate-toothed and occasionally coarsely toothed, subhastate ; petiole

usually less than 3 in. long, sometimes 47% in.; bracteoles 812 in

long, lanceolate, acute, veined ; ealyx-tube & in. long; lobes 5,

shallow, ovate, hardly 54, in. long ; corolla-tube 1-12 in, long, much

Thunbergia. | ACANTHACER (Clarke). 5

inflated from 1 in. above the base, curved, yellowish ; lobes 1—} in,

long, ovate, blue; anther-cells short, with few beaded hairs, one cell

in each of the two larger spurred at the base; style funnel-shaped at

the top, margin with short triangular lobes ; capsule 1 in. long,

densely and minutely hairy. Harvey, Thes. Cap. i. 25, ¢. 88; 7.

Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 18. :

KatanArRI Reoion: Transvaal; by the river at Lydenberg, Wilms, 1216!

Crocodile River, 4800 ft., Schlechter, 3911!

Eastern Reeton: Pondoland; Port St. John, Galpin, 3899! Natal; Hills

near Pinetown, 1800 ft., Wood in MacOwan § Bolus Herb. Norm. Austyr.-Afr.,

1337! Inanda, Wood, 284! Umzimkulu River, McNeil in Wood Herb., 1806!

on the skirts of woody places at Attercliffe, Umblali, and Maritzburg, 500-

2500 f't., Sanderson, 169! Northdene, 40C-500 ft., Wood, 4983! and without

precise locality, Sanderson, 869! Gerrard, 75!

2. T. capensis (Retz. in Phys. Soellsk. Handl. i. [1776] 163) ;

more or less hispid ; stems 4—20 in. long, decumbent from a woody

root ; leaves 8-1 in. long, ovate, angular toothed or subentire, base

truncate ; petiole 0-1 in. long ; bracteoles 2 in. long, ovate or elliptic ;

calyx-teeth about 12, linear, } in. long; corolla yellow ; tube 2 in.

long; limb 8 in. in diam.; anthers nearly or quite glabrous, cells

not spurred (very rarely with a minute mucro) at the base; pollen

globose, banded, with a few minute tubercles; style with one lobe

far below the other ; capsule 3 in. long, glabrous ; seeds } in. long,

not greatly flattened. Linn. f. Suppl. 292; Gertn. Fruet. iii. 23, ¢.

183, fig. 4; Thunb. Nov. Gen. i. 21, 22, Prod. 106, and Fl. Cap.

ed. Schult. 488; Lam. Ill. iii. 97, t. 549, fig. 1; Drége, Zwei

Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 137, 226 (capensis, letter e only) ;

Krauss in Flora, 1845, 72; Lodd, Bot. Cab. t. 1529; Nees in

Linnea, xv. 351, and in DC. Prod. xi. 55, excl. var. B; T.

Anders. in Journ. Linn, Soe. vii. 20 partly ; Lindau in Engl. Jahrb.

xvii. Beibl. 41, 36,39. 7. humilis, Eckl. et Zeyh. Cat. Sem. Pl.

Cap. fide Nees in Linnea, xv. 351.

Coast Rreaion: Cape Div.; Cape Promontory, Masson! Mossel Bay, and

between Gamtoos River and Swartbeck River, Thunberg ; Knysna Div. ; between

Plettenberg Bay and Melville, Burchell, 58375! Humansdorp Div. ; Kromme

River, Krauss, 1651! Uitenhage Div.; between Vanstadens River and Galge-

bosch, Burchell, 4678 ! between Uitenhage and Drosdy Farm, Burchell, 4464!

and without precise locality, Ecklon §° Zeyher, 772! Zeyher! Port Elizabeth

Div. ; Algoa Bay, Cooper, 83025! between Krakakamma and the upper part of

Leadmine River, Burchell, 4604! Alexandria Div.; on the Zuur Berg Range,

2500-3500 ft., Drége! Albany Div. ; mountains near Grahamstown, 2000 ft.,

MacOwan ! 800 ft., Bolus, 1676! between Assegai Bosch and Rautenbachs Drift,

Burchell, 4199! and without precise locality, Bowie! Fort Beaufort Div. ;

without precise locality, Cooper, 452! 560 partly! British Kaffraria, (ill /

Centrat ReGion: Albany Div.; on a rocky mountain east side of Zwartwater

Poort, Burchell, 3431! ay

The type of var. grandiflora, Nees (in DC. Prod. xi. 55), has not been found;

but from a scrap which Nees has marked “ T. capensis ? var. grandiflora nana,”

it was probably some form of 7. atriplicifolia or T. aspera,

3. T. purpurata (Harvey ms. in Herb. Hook.); sparingly hairy,

often glabrate except the innovations; stems twining, several feet

6 ACANTHACE® (Clarke). [ Thunbergia.

long; leaves 2-32 in. long, ovate or triangular, acuminate, purple

beneath, base truncate or hastate often with acute angles, margin

sinuate, sparingly toothed, often entire; petioles attaining 1-2 in.,

not winged ; bracteoles 1-2 in. long, elliptic or oblong; ealyx-teeth

about 12, linear, 3 in. long ; corolla-tube 8-1 in. long, pale yellow ;

limb 14 in. in diam., white; anthers glabrous, except for a dense

tuft of long beaded hairs on the triangular acute base of each cell,

without any linear curved spur; one lobe of the stigma much below

the other; capsule $ in. long, glabrous; seeds } in. in diam.,

flattened. J. angulata, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 19

partly; Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. Beibl. 41, 40 partly ; not of

Hook. T. dregeana, Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. Beibl. 41, 36,

38, ex descript., not of Nees.

Eastern Reoion: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 1218! and without precise locality,

Sanderson, 442! Gerrard, 1965!

Lindau, in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. Beibl. 41, 37, places correctly 7. angulata, Hook.

(a Madagascar plant), in the section which has the anther-cells spurred at the

base. The original picture of Hooker (Exot. Fl. t. 166) shows the Madagascar

plant correctly, the separate enlarged anther incorrectly, but Hooker says his

picture was taken partly from Cape material. T. Anderson, who united the two

species, does not appear to have looked at the anthers.

4. T. Galpini (Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xxiv. 310) ; glabrous, except

for the beaded hairs on the anthers; stem repeatedly branched

upwards; branchlets quadrangular; leaves 2 by } in., elongate-

triangular, acute, from a subcordate base; petiole 0-7; in. long ;

bracteoles 2 in. long, broadly oblong ; corolla-tube shortly exceeding

the bracteoles ; limb 13 in. in diam.; anther-cells (some of them)

spurred at the base ; style glabrous; one lobe of the stigma below the

other,

Katanari Reeion: Transvaal ; Saddleback Mountain, near Barberton, 3200-

3500 ft., Galpin, 1277!

5. T. venosa (C. B. Clarke); fulvous hispid, becoming glabrate ;

stems 2 ft. long, straggling, little divided ; leaves up to 3 by 2 in.,

lanceolate, obscurely-toothed or nearly entire, nerves primary and

secondary much raised on the lower surface; petioles 0-1 in. long;

bracteoles $ in. long, elliptic-lanceolate ; calyx-teeth 12, linear, more

than 4 in. long; corolla yellow; tube 1 in. long; limb 1 in. in

diam, ; anther-cells with beaded hairs their whole length, basal spurs

linear-conic, rather short, scarcely curved; style papillose and white

hairy near the top; stigmas very large, one lobe below the other ;

capsule % in. long, glabrous.

Eastern Recion: Natal; Itafamasi, Wood, 643! Inanda, Wood, 696!

6. T. stenophylla (C. B. Clarke); viscous hairy; leaves 21 by

; in., nearly entire, subsessile ; bracteoles 1 in. long; calyx-teeth 12,

scarcely 3 in. long, linear, viscous; corolla-tube nearly 1 in. long ;

anther-cells (some) spurred at the base.

Katanart Reaion; Transyaal ; Pilgrims Rest, Greenstock (in the British

Museum),

Thunbergia. | ACANTHACEE (Clarke). 7

7. T. cordibracteolata (C. B. Clarke) ; rather sparsely hispid ;

leaves 2 by 8 in., elliptic, entire, base cordate or truncate ; petioles

0-1 in. long; bracteoles 3-1 by } in., broad and cordate at the base ;

calyx-teeth 12, linear, + in. long; anther-cells (some of them)

spurred at the base, glabrous except for a basal tuft of hairs ; style

glabrous ; two stigma-lobes but little separated in the young flower

(alone seen) ; capsule % in., glabrous.

9 oe aa Reeion: Orange River Colony; withoat precise locality, Cooper,

8. T. hirtistyla (C. B. Clarke); hairy; leaves 1} by } in,

elliptic-oblong, entire, softly hairy ; petioles 0-3, in. long; braeteoles

2 in. long, elliptic; corolla-tube slightly exceeding the bracteoles ;

limb 14 in. in diam.; anther-cells (some of them) spurred at the

base ; style densely brown-hispid towards the top; one stigma-lobe

much below the other.

Eastern Recion: Natal; without precise locality, Gerrard, 1274!

9. T. atriplicifolia (E. Mey. in Drige, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 144, 226); patently hispid; stems decumbent from a

woody root; ascending branches 6-12 in. long; leaves ovate, 11 by

1 in. (in Drége’s type), up to 22 by 1} in, (in form megalantha,

C. B. Clarke), sparingly toothed and obscurely angular, or frequently

subentire (occasionally much toothed, as the leaf of Atriplex), base

rounded, 3-5 digitate basal nerves usually distinct beneath ; petiole

(even of the lower stem leaves) 0-3} in.; bracteoles }—§ in. long

(in form megalantha, % in. long and upwards), elliptic, not cordate

at the base; calyx-teeth about 12, linear, } in. long ; corolla eream-

coloured ; tube % in. long; limb 1 in. in diam.; or (in form

megaiantha) tube 14 in. long; limb 2 in. (occasionally more)

in diam. ; anther-cells (usually 6 of the 8) with a strong curved

spur at the base, also a tuft of beaded hairs at the base and usually

with beaded hairs to the summit; pollen most minutely and

sparsely tubercled; style with one lobe far below the other ;

capsule 2—2 in. long, glabrous. Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 56 partly ; T.

Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 20 partly. T. flavohirta, Lindau in

Engl. Jahrb. xxiv. 311.

Var. 6, Kraussii (C. B. Clarke), smaller, more densely hairy ; leaves (largest)

8 by 1 in.; anthers glabrous except for a tuft of hairs at the base of each cell

where is also a strong curved spur, T. atriplicifolia, Krauss in Flora, 1345,

72; Nees in DO. Prod. xi. 56.

Coast Recion : Komgha Div. ; Kei River, 1000 ft., Drege?

KALAHARI ReGion: Transvaal; Sabia River, Mudd! Apies River, near

Pretoria, Nelson, 277! Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6183! Lydenberg, Wilms, 1209!

Eastern REGION: Tembuland ; Bazeia, 200J ft., Baur, 58! Griqualand Rast ;

near Clydesdale, 2500 ft., Tyson, 1206! Mount Currie, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 6561!

Natal; Inanda, 1800 ft., Wood, 42! 90! near Durban, Wood, 1! and without

precise locality, Grant! Gerrard, 220! Gerrard § McKen! Zululand, Mrs.

McKenzie! Van. 8B: Natal; in grassy places throughout Naial, Krauss, 405!

- ACANTHACER (Clarke). [ Thunbergia.

Between the original type of this. species collected by Drége and the extreme

form megalantha, C. B. Clarke, there is a series, among which T. Jlavohirta,

Lindan, is near Drage’s type. T. atriplicifolia, Lindau (in Engl. Jahrb. xvii.

Beibl. 41, 36, 39), with the anther-cells not spurred at the base is either a new

species or a form of T. capensis ; in the type example of Drége’s atriplicifolia

(and in all the material above cited), several anther-cells (usually 6 or 4 in each

flower) have at the base a linear curved strong smooth spur with a white hard

point. This species is diagnosed here from T. aspera by the ovate (not elliptic.

oblong) leaves ; the var. B differs from all the other material quite as much ag

T. aspera does, but having ovate leaves is arranged here.

10. T. aspera (Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 56); leaves 12 by 2 in,

elliptie-oblong, green on both faces, often with a tooth at the lower

angle, otherwise subentire, glabrate when mature ; anther-cells with

few hairs except the basal tuft ; otherwise as typical 7. atriplicifolia,

E. Mey. 1. atriplicifolia, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 20

partly. T, Bachmanni, Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 94 partly.

Var. B, parvifolia (Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 90); more hispid; leaves very erect

in all the dried material, subentire, upper surface brown, lower pale. 1’. capensis,

near var, grandifiora, Nees ms.

Coast Region: British Kaffraria (Caffer Land), Gill /

Katanari ReGion: Var. 6: Transvaal ; Magaliesberg, Burke! Zeyher, 1418!

Olifants Nek, Burke !

Eastern Re@ion: Pondoland, Bachmann, 1266 ! Natal; Coastland to 1000 ft.,

Sutherland !

The “ type ” is Gill’s example, above described. In this (and in all the plants here

placed) the corolla has the tube 2 in. long, thelimb 1 in. in diam., and is yellow

(Bolus) ; the spur at the base of the anther-cell is strong; so that T. aspera,

Lindau (in Engl. Jabrb, xvii. Beibl. 41, 36, 39), is some remote species. Bach-

mann, 1266, matches exactly so far as it goes ; the example at Kew, however, has

no flowers. Sonder says that Zeyher, 1418, was typical T. aspera; and that the

Olifants Nek plant was his var. parvifolia; but Olifants Nek is in the

Magaliesberg, and the two appear identical. The plants, arranged below as

T. Bachmanni, var. minor, differ from T. aspera, var. parvifolia by their large

flowers, hardly otherwise. :

11, T. xanthotricha (Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xxiv. 311) ; leaves

up to 1 by 3-4 in., elliptic-lanceolate, entire, hispid, base rounded ;

petiole 0-2 in. long ; corolla-tube nearly 1 in. long; limb 12 in. in

diam. ; otherwise nearly as 7’. aspera.

Katanari ReGion: Transvaal: in grassy fields around Barberton, 2000-

3000 ft., Galpin, 496!

Flowers cream-coloured ( Galpin). Leaves smaller, widest very near the base ;

otherwise not separable from T. Bachmanni, var. minor. The hairs are tawny-

yellow in nearly all the present group.

12, T, Bachmanni (Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 94, and Beibl.

41, 38, 41 partly); robust, leaves 22 by 1-12 in, elliptic-oblong

(searcely ovate), entire ; otherwise as the large-flowered examples

above called 7. atriplicifolia.

Var. 8, minor (C. B. Clarke) ; leaves 14 by 3 in., elliptic, widest near the

middle, markedly 3-5-nerved on the under surface at the base, frequently with :

tooth near the base. » Trequently with a

Katanart Reoion: Transvaal ; hill sides near Barberton, 3000 ft., Galpin,

Thunbergia. | ACANTHACER (Clarke). 9

933! Var. 8: Orange River Colony; without precise locality, Cooper, 893!

3024! ‘Transvaal; Pilgrims Rest, Greenstock! and without precise locality,

Sanderson !

Eastern Re@ron: Pondoland; near Saugmeisters, Bachmann, 1267!

Leaves widest near the base in Bachmann, 1267. In Galpin, 933, the lower

leaves are ovate, and it would so far go better with ZY. atriplicifolia, form

megalantha, but the leaves are very entire. The var. minor, on the contrary,

differs from 7. canthotricha, Lindau, by having the leaves not rarely toothed. It

is quite an open question whether the series, from T. atriplicifolia to T.

Bachmanni with all their varieties, is not better united, as has been done by

T. Anderson.

13. T. neglecta (Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 89); scabrous hairy ;

stems about a foot long, proeumbent rambling, much branched ;

leaves 1 in. long and broad, ovate, sinuate-toothed, triangular or

subcordate at the base; petioles of the middle and lower stem-leaves

4-+ in. long; bracteoles 1 in. long, elliptic ; calyx-teeth about 12,

linear, + in. long; corolla-tube 1—% in. long; limb 1 in. in diam. ;

anther-cells (6-4. of those in one flower) spurred and with beaded

hairs at the base; style glabrous; stigma with one lobe below the

other; capsule exceeding 1 in. long, glabrous; seeds not much

compressed, surface wrinkled. 7. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii.

20. T. hirta, Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 88, not of Lindau. T.

Bauri, Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xxiy. 312. TT. dregeana, partly

Nees ms.

KaLAnart ReGion: Transvaal; Magaliesberg, Zeyher, 1420! Burke, 252!

Waterfall River, near Lydenberg, Wilms, 1231! Orange River Colony ; Great

Vet River, Zeyher, 1419! Burke!

EAstERN Reaion; Tembuland; Bazeia, 2000 ft., Baur, 169!

Sonder says that Z. neglecta differs from his T, hirta by having the corolla

only half the length. His example of 7. hirta (Zeyher, 1419), is larger than his

type (Zeyher, 1420) neglecta in all its parts; the corolla-tube may be half as long

again in the dried example.

14. T. amena (C. B. Clarke) ; a densely villous twiner; leaves up

to 14 by 1 in., cordate-ovate, toothed; petioles up to 4 in. long;

bracteoles 2 in. long, cordate-triangular ; calyx-teeth about 10, linear,

1 in. long ; corolla-tube 1 in. long; limb 14 in. in diam., yellow;

anther-cells (6—4 of those in each flower) spurred at the base ; style

glabrous ; stigma with 1 lobe much below the other.

KAtauAri Reeton: Transvaal ; Houtbosch Berg, Nelson, 498! Pilgrims Rest,

Greenstock !

15. T. pondoensis (Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 93, and Beibl.

41, 37, 41); a hairy twiner; leaves up to 1} by 1 in., entire, acute

not acuminate, base deeply hastate or cordate; petioles —% in, long;

bracteoles 2 in, long, elliptic ; calyx-teeth 12, linear, 3 in. long;

corolla-tube 8 in. long; limb 1 in. in diam. ; anther-eells short, with

a tuft of hairs at the base, several in each flower spurred at the base ;

style glabrous; stigma with 1 lobe much below the other. T.

angulata, Hook., var. in Herb. Kew. T. angulata, Lindau, partly, —

t,e. the Cape plant in Engl. Jahrb. xvii, Beibl, 41, 37, 40,

‘

10 ACANTHACE® (Clarke). [Thunbergia.

Eastern Reaion : Pondoland ; Backbeach, Durba, Bachmann, 1265; Zululand ;

Entumeni, Wood, 4015!

The differences of this from the Madagascar T. angulata are very small ; in the

latter the leaves are more acuminate, the basal lobes rather different. Lindau

distinguishes T. angulata by the leaves being glabrous between the nerves.

16. T. dregeana (Nees in Linnea, xy. 352); a hairy twiner;

leaves 2 by 14 (or sometimes up to 4 by 2) in., cordate-ovate or

hastate, toothed or angular; petioles 2-1} in. long, not winged ;

bracteoles 2-8 in. long, elliptic ; calyx-teeth 12, linear, 4 in, long ;

corolla white ; tube % in. long; limb 14 in. in diam. ; anther-eells

(several of them) spurred at the base, with beaded hairs especially at

the base; style glabrous; stigma with 1 lobe much below the

other; capsule % in. long, glabrous. Presi, Bot. Bemerk. 94; Nees

m DC. Prod. xi. 58; Drége in Linnea, xx. 200; T. Anders. in

Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 20, not of Lindau. T. fragrans b., E. Mey. in

Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 141, 226, not of Roxburgh.

Coast Ryeion: Uitenhage Div. ; Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 3601! Sunday

River, ex Nees. Alexandria Div. ; Enon, 1000 ft., Drege. Albany Div. ;

Glenfilling, below 1000 ft., Drege! Fort Beaufort Div. ; without precise locality,

Cooper, 454! 560! Komgha Div. 3; near Komgha, 2000 ft., Flanagan, 1747!

CrntrRaL ReGion: Somerset Div.; on the Bosch Berg, Burchell, 3215!

Philipstown and Kat River, ex Nees.

EAstERN REGION: Griqualand East ; among shrubs by the sides of streams

near Clydesdale, 2500 ft., Tyson, 2559! Natal ; Coastland to 1000 ft., Sutherland !

Tnanda, Wood, 543! and without precise locality, Sunderson, 442!

17. T. alata (Boj. ex Sims in Bot. Mag. t. 2591); a hairy twiner;

leaves 21 by 12 in,, broadly hastate, toothed or angular ; petioles 1-2

in. long, winged ; braeteoles 2% In. long, ovate-elliptic ; calyx-teeth

12, linear, 2 in. long ; corolla yellow with a purple eye (but paler or

sometimes nearly white varieties occur) ; tube $ in. long ;, limb 13 in,

in diam. ; anther-cells with beaded hairs, and (several in each

flower) spurred at the base ; style glabrous; stigma with 1 lobe

much below the other; capsule % in. long, pubescent ; seeds sub-

hemispheric, reticulate. Hook. Exot. Fl. iii. t. 177 ; Nees in DC.

Prod. xi. 58 ; T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 19; C. B. Clarke

in Hook. f. Fl. Brit, Ind. iv. 391; and Burkill in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Afr. v. 16; Lindau in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 366, and in Engl.

Jahrb. xvii. Beibl. 41, 37, 40.

KAstERN ReGion: Natal; near Durban, Wood, 495! 3092! and without

precise locality, Cooper, 2771!

In Tropical Africa and Natal indigenous; introduced into many warm

ane of the World. Lindau records it (as though wild) from Namaqua-

Lindau, in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. Beibl, 41, 37, di s thi is

~ allied species by ‘te bracteoles being “ etc roar ieee

beneath is “slender” ; at any rate, I cannot distinguish th :

that character. 8 © present species by

Imperfectly known Species,

18. T. hirta (Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. Beibl, 41, 36, 38, not

of Sonder) ; hairy ; leaves about x in. long, oval, pointed, cordate or

Thunbergia. | ACANTHACEE (Clarke). 11

somewhat truncate, toothed, petioled; flowers solitary, axillary ;

anther-cells none spurred at the base ; style 2-lobed.

KALAHARI REGION: Transvaal; Magaliesberg, ex Lindau.

19. T. atriplicifolia (Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. Beibl. 41, 36,

39, not of H. Mey.) ; leaves sessile, toothed, rounded at the base,

thickly and softly hairy; flowers solitary, axillary ; anther-cells

none spurred at the base; style 2-lobed.

From the Cape to Port Natal, ex Lindau.

20. T. aspera (Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. Beibl. 41, 36, 39,

not of Nees) ; leaves sessile, toothed, truncate at the base, scabrous-

hairy at least on the margins ; flowers solitary, axillary; anther-cells

none spurred at the base; style 2-lobed.

Eastern Reaion: Kaffraria, ex Lindau.

Il. HYGROPHILA, R. Br.

Bracts large, oblong ; bracteoles shorter than the calyx. Calyx

deeply 5-fid, in the Cape species 4-fid. Corolla 2-lipped; lobes 5,

contorted in the .bud.. Stamens 4; anther-cells muticous ; pollen

ellipsoid, with longitudinal grooves. Ovules 3 or more in each cell.

Capsule narrow-oblong, seed-bearing from the base; seeds usually

very numerous, 2-8 only in the Cape species, with hygroscopic

hairs.

Leaves entire.

Species 20, widely spread in the Tropics,

The single South African species belongs to the section Asteracantha (often

considered generically distinct), which has the flowers packed in large dense

axillary clusters surrounded by strong spines.

1, H. spinosa (T. Anders. in Thwaites, Enum. Pl. Zeyl, 225) ;

stems 3-4 ft. long, stout, suberect, hispid; leaves 4-8 by 3-1 in.,

oblong, hispid, subsessile ; axillary inflorescences 1-2 in. in diam. ;

spines 3—1+ in. long, stout ; bracts }—1 in. long, lanceolate ; bracteoles

4-4 in. long, narrow ; calyx j—} in. long ; segments lanceolate ; corolla

1 in. long, pale blue-purple; capsule 3—} in. long. T. Anders, in

Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 22; C, B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv.

408; Burkill in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 31. Barleria longifolia,

Linn. Amoen. Acad. iv.320. Asteracantha longifolia, Nees.in Wall.

Pl. As. Rar. iii. 90, and in DC. Prod. xi. 247; Wight, Ic. t. 449;

Lindau in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 367.

Katawari Reaion: Transvaal; between Spitz Kop and Komati River, Wilms,

1203! :

Eastern RuGion : Delagoa Bay, on the Umkomaas River, 50 ft,, Sanderson,

575!

Abundant in Tropical Africa and India.

III, RUELLIA, Linn.

Bracteoles 2, oblong or spathulate-elliptic. Calyx shorter than the

bracteoles (or in R, Zeyheri scarcely longer), regular or 2-lipped in

12 ACANTHACE® (Clarke), [ Ruellia.

Section Fabria, divided nearly to the base or only half-way.

Corolla {—2 in. long, purplish or white, not 2-lipped ; tube linear-

oblong or dilated nearly from the base; lobes contorted in bud.

Stamens 4, subsimilar; anther-cells 2, parallel, nearly at equal height,

not spurred at the base ; pollen globose, surface reticulate or honey-

combed. Style linear, with one linear-oblong branch, the other

suppressed ; ovary with 6-16 ovules, glabrous or hairy. Capsule

cylindric, narrowed and solid at the base, usually perfeeting more than

4 seeds in the clavate upper part. Seeds on prominent retinacula,

with many hygroscopic hairs on their margin.

Undershrubs; leaves nearly or quite entire, full of cystoliths, which are also

conspicuous in the calyx ; flowers axillary, not running into strobilate spikes,

Species 150 in the warm and temperate parts of both hemispheres, especially

numerous in America,

R. spinescens and R. depressa, Thunb. Prod. 104, are referred to Aptosimum,

among Scrophulariacee.

Section 1. Diprrracanruvs. Calyx equally 5-fid,

Calyx divided nearly to the base:

Bracteoles spathulate-elliptic :

Leaves 4-1} in. long, tip triangular... ..» (1) patula.

Leaves {-$ in. long, tip rounded nee ««- (2) Zeyheri.

Bracteoles parrow-oblong ; leaves 2 in. long + (3) Baurii.

Calyx-tube 4 as long as the teeth... vi -» (4) Woodii.

Section 2, Faprta. Calyx obscurely 2-lipped, viz. 2 teeth

free nearly to the base, 3 teeth connate (sometimes nearly to

the middle).

Thinly hairy ; leaves ovate or cordate at the base +. (5) ovata,

Densely and softly hairy ; leaves elliptic, narrowed into

the petiole sin in si se - (6) malacophylla,

Softly hairy ; leaves linear-oblong Ses ise -- (7) stenophylla,

1. R. patula (Jacq. Mise. Bot, ii. 358) ; a small shrub, pubescent

or nearly glabrous; branches 6-18 in. long; leaves 1~12 in, long,

ovate or elliptic, tip obtusely triangular, base suddenly narrowed ;

petiole 2-1 in. long; flowers axillary, solitary or a few clustered,

grey-purple or more often white; bracteoles 37s In. long, spathulate-

elliptic ; ealyx 2 in. long, divided to the base 3 teeth equal, linear ;

corolla $-12 in. long; tube much inflated ; stamens and pollen of

the genus; ovary glabrous ; Style thinly hairy ; capsule }—2 in. long. .

Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. i, 12, ¢. 119; T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe.

vi. 24;.C. B. Olarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 412, and in

Dyer, Fl, Trop. Afr. v. 45 3 Lindau in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

iv. 3B, 310, fig. 124 E, F, in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 63, ¢ 1, fig. 24, and in

25 from deser. ipteracanthus patulus, Nees in Wall. Pl. Asiat. Rar.

lil, 82, and in DC. Prod. xi. 126; Wight, Ie. Pl. Ind. Or. t. 1505 ;

Ocrsted in Vidensk, Meddel. Kjob. 1854, 180, ¢, 4, Jigs. 19-21,

Coast Reaion: Albany Div, ; Grahamstown, MacOwan !

WESTERN REGION: Namaqualand, ex Lindau,

_ KAtawart Reaion; Transvaal ; in natives gardens, north of Pretoria, Nelson,

Ruellia.| ACANTHACE# (Clarke). 13

279! Boschveld, at Klippan, Rehmann, 5248! Vaalbosch Fontein, 4300 ft.,

Schlechter, 42382! Bechuanaland; Bakwena Territory, 3500 ft., Holub !

Eastern Re@ion: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 363! and without precise locality,

Sutherland! Gerrard, 1682!

Also in Tropical Africa, Mascarene Islands, and India; a common weed

among grass. :

Ruellia pilosa of Linn, f., and of Thunb. Prod. p. 104, is an Antirrhinum ;

the name is taken up by T. Anders. (in Journ, Linn, Soc. vii. 25) for Burke’s

plant of Ruellia ovata below, Whether Ruellia pilosa, Lindau in Engl. & Prantl,

Pflanzenf. iv. 3B 309, refers to a plant or to T. Andergon’s name is not known.

2. R. Zeyheri (T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 25); a small

undershrub; branches with very short internodes; leaves 1—% in.

long, elliptic, obtuse, some (especially of the lower) nearly orbicular ;

bracteoles 4 in. long, about as long as the calyx; otherwise as

R. patula, Jacq. Lindau in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B,

310. Dipteracanthus Zeyheri, Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 90. Dip-

teracanthus sp., Drége in Linnea, xx. 200.

Souty Arrica: without precise locality, Masson !

Coast Reeion: Swellendam Div.; Buffeljagts River, 1000-2000 ft., Zeyher,

3600 ; Riversdale Div. ; between Great Vals River and Zoetemelks River, Burchell,

6589! near Zoetemelks River, Burchell, 6737! Mossel Bay Div.; between Little

Brak River and Hartenbosch, Burchell, 6212!

EHasterRN Recion: Natal; Mooi River Valley, 2000-8000 ft., Sutherland !

Very near R. patula, Jacq. Suborbicular leaves occur on each of the collec-

tions referred to R. Zeyheri. Sonder says the capsule was 4-seeded ; the ovary is

8-ovuled.

3. R. Baurii (C. B. Clarke); innovations with many white long

several-celled hairs; leaves up to 2-3 by 14 in., obtusely triangular

at the tip, narrowed into a petiole ;4;-1 in. long; bracteoles 3 by

ql5 in., narrow-oblong ; calyx + in. long or rather more, divided nearly

to the base into 5 equal linear teeth; corolla, capsule and seeds as

of R. patula.

HasterN Reaion: Tembuland; hilly spots near Bazeia, 2000 ft., Bawr, 309 !

Griqualand East; Vaal Bank, near Kokstad, Haygarth in Wood Herb., 4177!

Natal; Umzinyati Valley, Wood, 1375! |

The branches collected are only 4-6 in. long, and the plant appears to resemble

R. suffruticosa, Roxb. The flowers are noted as ‘‘ white” both by Wood and

Haygarth.

4. R. Woodii (C. B. Clarke); innovations with many white long

several-celled hairs ; leaves up to 13 by 1 in., elliptic or ovate, tip sub-

obtuse, base narrowed or rounded ; petiole + in. long ; bracteoles 2 in.

long, oblong ; calyx 4—} in. long, divided rather more than half-way

down; teeth linear-lanceolate unequal; corolla purple (Wood) other-

wise as R. Baurit.

EastERN Reaion: Griqualand Bast; Clydesdale, 2500 ft., Tyson, 1308!

Natal; Colenso, 3300 ft., Wood, 4053! Weenen Country, 3000-5000 ft., Suther-

land !

The stems seen are less than 4 in, long, and this may be a variety only of

R. Baurii. The difference in the colour of the flowers is of small account in this

group. When the calyx-segments are connate near the base in this genus, the

connection is excessively thin and often ruptures.

14 acaAntTiiacea (Clarke), [-Ruellia.

- 5. R. ovata (Thunb. Prodr. 104) ; innovations ciliate-pubescent ;

stems woody at the base; branches 6-20 in. long, often divided,

procumbent or straggling; leaves j—1 in. long, ovate, tip (in the

upper leaves) triangular often subacute, base (in the lower leaves) trun-

cate or cordate; petiole 0—4, in. long; flowers pale mauve or white ;

bracteoles 3 in. long, spathulate-oblong ; calyx nearly + in. long; teeth

linear or linear-lanceolate, 2 nearly free to the base, 3 connate less

than } their length ; corolla, capsule and seeds nearly as of

R. patula, Jacq. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 480; T, Anders. in

Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 25 ; Lindau in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenf. iv. 3B,

309. BR. cordata, Thunb. Prod. 104, and Fl. Oap. ed. Schult. 480 ;

Nees in Linnea, xv. 356. R. ciliaris § R. pubescens, Pers. Syn.

ii. 176. H. pilosa, Linn. f. Suppl. 290(%); Thunb. Prodr. 104;

T. Anders. in Journ. Linn, Soc, vii. 25, 114. Dipteracanthus

pilosus. § D. cordifolius, Nees in Linnea, xv. 353, 354; Drege in

Linnea, xx. 200. Fabria rigida, EB. Mey. in Drege, Zwei Pflanzen-

geogr. Documente, 134,185. F. cordifolia § F. pilosu, Nees in DC.

Prod. xi, 114,

Coast RxrcGion: Alexandria Div.; Enon, 1000-2000 ft., Drége! Albany

Div.; Glenfilling, Drége ; between the source of Kasuga River and Sidbury,

Burchell, 4162! Komgha Div.; near Komgha, 2000 ft., Flanagan, 1313!

Katanari Ree@ion: Orange River Colony; Cooper, 3029! Transvaal; Pretoria,

at Apies Poort, Rehmann, 4104! Macalisberg, 6000-7000 {t., Zeyher, 1414!

Burke! near Lydenberg, Wilms, 1210! Kaap River Valley, near Barberton,

2000 ft., Galpin, 498! 1199!

KasTeERN KEGIon: Tembuland, near streams at Bazeia, 2000 ft., Bawr, 448!

Griqualand East; near Clydesdale, 2500 ft., Tyson, 1292! Natal; Inanda,

Wood, 397! Malvern, 5000-6000 ft., Wood, 4929! and without precise locality,

Gerrard, 1267!

In Galpin, 1199, the upper leaves are % by 4 in., narrowed into the petiole, the

lower stem-leaves are 1 by 14 in., depressed-orbicular with cordate base ; those

between are intermediate. A similar tendency in the leaves is visible in much

of the material.

6. R. malacophylla (C. B. Clarke) ; whole plant densely and softly

hairy ; lower leaves 1 by 2 in, elliptic, narrowed at the base ;

petiole { in. long; bracteoles, calyx, and corolla as of R. ovata ;

ovary densely hairy except at the base ; style densely hairy,

EasTERN ReGion: Natal; without precise locality, Gerrard, 427 |!

7. R. stenophylla (C. B. Clarke); young parts soft with long

white hairs; leaves 11-14 by 1-1 in., linear-oblong ; petioles O-2 in.

long; calyx 4 in. long or rather more, obscurely 2-lipped ; segments

narrow, acute, 3 connate at the base; corolla 11—

2 1} in. long, pale

mauve (Galpin); stamens 4; anthers short-oblong not spurred at

the base ; pollen globose, reticulate ; ovary glabrous ; style with 1

linear-oblong branch the other suppressed ; capsule 2

e in. long or

rather more, clavate.

KaLauaki Region: Transvaal; Barberton, 2800 ft., Galpin, 640!

Ruellia.] ACANTHACEH (Clarke). 15

This is close to R. ovata, Thunb., differing in the narrow leaves and the soft

(scarcely scabrous) indumentum.

Imperfectly known Species.

8. R. aristata (Thunb. Prodr. 104, and Fl, Cap. ed. Schult. 479) ;

a much branched shrub, seareely 1 ft. high; branches tetragonous,

minutely pubescent; leaves 3 in. long, obovate, obtuse, entire,

glabrous, petioled; flowers axillary, verticillate; bracts similar to

the leaves, villous-scabrous; ealyx-segments subulate, aristate,

scabrous.

CeNTRAL RuGion: Karoo, Thunberg!

This is reduced by Nees to his Chetacanthus.Persoonii, none of the specimens

of which had more than 2 stamens. Schultes says of this that the ‘‘ stamens were

approximated in pairs.” ... S

IV. RUELLIOPSIS, C. B. Clarke.

Bracteoles 2, linear, shorter than the calyx. Calyx deeply

divided ; segments 5, linear, unequal. Corolla 1-1} in. long, not

2-lipped ; tube funnel-shaped for 2 its length; segments 5, sub-

equal, round, contorted in the bud. Stamens 4, subsimilar ; anther-

cells 2, oblong, at equal height, spurred at the base; pollen nearly

globose, many-ribbed. Ovary with 4 ovules in each cell; style

hairy, with 1 linear and 1 suppressed stigmatic branch. Capsule

cylindric, 8-seeded from the base. Seeds hygroscopically hairy on

the margin.

Small shrubs ; leaves linear, entire; flowers solitary axillary.

Species 1; with another plant from the Tropical Kalahari imperfectly known

and doubtfully referred here.

1. R. setosa (C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 59); root

woody; branches 15 in. long, trailing, hispid ; leaves 2 by } in.,

obtuse, hispid with scattered long white hairs; calyx 3-{ in. long; ©

corolla 14 in. long, bright or pale blue ; tube more than 4 in. long ;

capsule 3-1 in. long, glabrate ; seeds 8, silky, white. Calophanes

setosus, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 112; T. Anders. in. Journ. Linn, Soc.

vii. 24.

Coast Reaion : Grahamstown ; collector not indicated !

KatAHart REGION: Transvaal; Boschveld, at Klippan, Rehimann, 5250!

Vaal River, Nelson, 177! Pienaars River, 4300 ft., Schlechter, 4222! Bechuana-

land; Batlapin Territory, Holub ! Mafeking, Bolus, 6411!

Also in the Tropical Kalahari.

V. DYSCHORISTE, Nees.

Bracteoles 2, linear or narrow-oblong, much shorter than the calyx.

Calyx segments 5, acute, subequal, often aristate. Corolla 4-1} in.

long, more or less 2-lipped ; tube inflated upwards or rarely linear to

the top ; segments 5, contorted in the bud. Stamens 4, subsimilar ;

anther-cells 2, oblong, at equal height, usually spurred at the base;

pollen ellipsoid or subglobose, with several longitudinal ribs. Ovary

16 AcaNntiiAcua (Clarke). | Dyschoriste.

with 2 ovules in each cell; style hairy, 1 stigmatic arm linear-oblong,

the other suppressed. Capsule linear-cylindric, hardly clavate, solid

at the base, usually perfecting 4 seeds, Seeds discoid, densely

clothed with hygroscopic white hairs.

Small shrubs; leaves entire or obscurely cuneate ; flowers subsessile, axillary,

clustered or scattered and solitary.

Species 60, in the warmer parts of both hemispheres,

Corolla-tube less than 4 in, long, inflated in the

upper part ;

Flowers clustered :

Anthers tailed; calyx tubular for 4 its

length... “us ar ive we

Anthers muticous; calyx divided nearly

to the base i ov oe ..» (2) mutica.

Flowers scattered, solitary :

Leaves glabrous, linear-oblong, 4-4 in. .

wide oes eva ss ie «. (3) erecta.

Leaves hairy, elliptic-oblong, 4-4 in. wide (4) transvaalensis.

Corolla-tuhe ? in. long, linear nearly to the top ... f) Fischeri.

(1) depressa,

1. D. depressa (Nees in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. iii. 81) ; a small shrub,

nearly glabrous, the innovations minutely seabrous hairy; stems

trailing, the ends of the branches erect; leaves up to 1 by } in.

(usually smaller), elliptic, entire or obscurely crenate ; petiole up to

4 in. long ; flowers in axillary clusters of 3-8; bracteoles scarcely

% in. long, linear-oblong ; calyx + in. long, divided 2 the way down,

with linear scabrous-hairy teeth ; corolla about 2 in. long, somewhat

2-lipped, upper part of the tube inflated; stamens 4, subsimilar;

anthers tailed at the base ; capsule 1-2 in. long, suberect, glabrous.

Nees in DO. Prod. xi. 106 ; C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 72.

Ruellia depressa, Linn. Syst. Veget. ed. Murr. 576; Thunb. Prodr.

104, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 479. Calophanes Nagchana, Nees in

DC. Prod, xi. 109; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 410.

C. natalensis, T. Anders, in Journ, Linn. Soc. vii. 23. C. crenatus,

Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iii. 415, Linostylis ovata, Sonder in

Linnea, xxiii. 94.

HastERN Region: Natal; amongst grass, near Phoenix Station, 400-500 ft.

Wood, 4967! and without precise locality, Gueinsius, 46!

Also in Tropical Africa and in India.

Thunberg found this species in Oudshorn Diy.; in the Karoo behind Attaqu

Kloof, in Vanrhynsdorp Div., between Olifants River and the Bokke Velde ‘i

Calvinia Div., at Hantam, and in Sutherland Div., on the Rogge Veldt Nek

Thunberg’s plant may have been D. radicans, Nees, or one of the other closely

allied species. The example of Wood, 4967, at the British Museum is Asystasia

Schimperi, T. Anders, but this is not the Calophanes crenat inz :

Lindau in "Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 118, ig eo eohinn ; of.

2. D. mutica (C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 73);

pubescent ; branches up to 12 in. long, straight; calyx more than

3 in. long, divided nearly to the base; segments linear, aristate,

hispid; anthers not tailed at the base; otherwise as D. depressa,

Dyschoriste.| ACANTHACE# (Clarke). 17

Nees. Calophanes radicans, var. mutica, S. Moore in Journ. Bot.

1880, 198.

KALAHARI Reqion: Transvaal; near Lydenberg, Wilms, 1190!

Also in Angola.

Wilms’ plant is issued as D. radicams, Nees; the very straight branches are not

found in any example of D. radicans,

3. D. erecta (C. B, Clarke); nearly glabrous, except the corolla ;

branches slender, woody, somewhat quadrangular and glaucous ;

leaves % by 2 in., narrowly oblong, obtuse, subsessile; flowers

scattered, solitary, subsessile; bracteoles small; calyx 4 in. long,

divided 1 the way down, full of cystoliths; teeth 5, subequal,

lanceolate, acute; corolla + in. long, pubescent without; tube in its

upper part inflated; stamens 4, subsimilar; anther-cells oblong, at

equal height, tailed at the base; pollen subglobose with 16 meridional

ribs reaching the pole.

Katauari Rereion: Transvaal; near Lydenberg, Wilms, 1233!

4, D. transvaalensis (C. B. Clarke); pubescent, 15 in. high, with

straight subereect branches; leaves 1 by } in., elliptic, narrowed to a

triangular tip, entire or sinuate-dentate; petiole 0-5 in. long;

flowers solitary, subsessile in the axils (in one case a loose cyme of

3 flowers) ; bracteoles linear-oblong, shorter than the calyx-tube ;

calyx 3 in. long and upwards, divided } way down; teeth 5,

lanceolate-linear, glandular hairy ; corolla more than 4 in. long, blue

with yellow veins (Schlechter); tube funnel-shaped upwards;

stamens 4, subsimilar; anther-cells 2, oblong, at equal height, tailed

at the base; pollen short ellipsoid with 10 longitudinal ribs; capsule

which is 1 in. long, and seeds as of the genus.

Sourn AFRICA: without precise locality, Zeyher, 13891!

KALAHARI REGION: Transvaal; Bosch Veld, at Klippan, Rehmann, 5254!

Upper Molopo River, Holub, 1977! 1978! 1979! 1980! Pietersburg, 4700 ft.,

Schlechter, 4354!

5. D. Fischeri (Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xx. 11); innovations

minutely grey pubescent, the plant otherwise nearly glabrous ;

branches somewhat robust; leaves 1-2 by } in., elliptic, obtuse, some-

times apiculate ; petiole 0-1, in. long; flowers 3-1 in small axillary

cymes; calyx } in. long, divided } way down, full of cystoliths, not

hispid ; corolla yellow ; tube { in. long, linear-cylindric nearly to the

top, mouth 2-lipped ; stamens 4, subsimilar; anther-cells oblong,

at equal height, not tailed at the base ; capsule nearly } in. long with

the seeds as of the genus. Lindau in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 367,

and’in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vi. 68; C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fi.

Trop. Afr. v. 77.

KALAHARI REGION: Transvaal; Waterfall River, near Lydenburg, Wilms,

1232!

Also in East Tropical Africa to Somaliland.

The above description is taken from Wilms, 1232, which was issued as D.

VOL, V. 1)

18 AcANTHACEM (Clarke). [Dyschoriste.

Fischeri, and which agrees well as to the corolla, stamens, capsule and all

essentials, But the type examples of D. Fischeri are larger in all their parts, more

hairy, and their calyx hispid.

VI. CHATACANTHOS, Nees.

Bracteoles 2, linear or oblong, much shorter than the calyx.

~— Galye divided 4-} the way down; teeth 5, linear. Corolla white

wherever noted ; tube linear nearly to the top; lobes 5, subequal,

contorted in the bud. Stamens 2; rudiments of the other 2 filaments

small ; anther-cells oblong, at equal height, not tailed at the base;

pollen ellipsoid, longitudinally ribbed. Style linear, thinly hairy ;

stigma with 1 linear-oblong branch, the other suppressed ; ovules 2 in

each cell. Capsule linear-cylindric, generally perfecting 4 seeds.

Seeds discoid with much hygroscopic hair.

Rootstock woody, short, whence arise branches 8-24 in. long ; leaves entire,

with cystoliths which are conspicuous also in the calyx ; flowers axillary, solitary

or few together.

Species 4, endemic in South Africa, hardly more than varieties of one.

Leaves 4-4 in. long, the lower and middle obtuse :

Calyx-teeth sparingly hairy, usually longer than

the corolla-tube ... fea avy pes --- (1) Persoonii,

Calyx-teeth glandular-hairy, usually shorter than

the corolla-tube ... nee oA “a ... (2) glandulosus.

Leaves }-14 in. long, the lower subacutely triangular

at the tip:

Calyx-teeth patently hispid aay a «. (3) Burchellii,

Calyx-teeth nearly glabrous iss ws ... (4) costatus.

1. C. Persoonii (Nees in Linnwa, xv. 357, var. B only, excl. all

syn.) ; stem very short, up to } in. in diam.; branches 6-15 in. long,

nearly glabrous ; leaves 1—} in. long, obovate, lower obtuse, nearly

glabrous ; petiole 0—», in, long ; calyx + in. long, divided more than

+ the way down; teeth linear, sparsely hairy; corolla-tube scarcely

as long as the calyx-teeth ; stamens, anthers and style as deseribed

for the genus ; capsule 3 by ,—,), in., glabrous. Nees in DC. Prod.

xi. 462, var. B only ; Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. (1840) 126; Hochst. in

Flora, 1845, 72 partly; Drége in Linnea, xx. 199 (?). C. setiger,

Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 38, and in Engl. § Prantl, Pilanzenfam.

iv. 3B, 281, fig. J. Eranthemum obovatum, var. ¢, KE, Meyer in Drége,

Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 131, 182. Calophanes Persoonii,

L. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 23 partly. Ruellia thymifoli

Vahl MS. ex Nees. partly. Luella thymifolia,

Soutn Arrica; without precise locality, Masson ! Oldenburg !

Coast _Region: Mossel Bay Div.; Little Brak River, Burchell, 6173!

Knysna Div. ; on hills at Viugt, Bolus, 1769! Uitenhage Div. ; on hills hotween

Coega River and Zwartkops Kiver, Ecklon Y Zeyher, 334! near the Zwartkops

River, Ecklon §¥ Zeyher! Slaay Kraal, Burke! between Van Stadens River and

Galgebosch, Burchell, 4675! Alexandria Diy. ; on grassy hills at Addo, 1000—

2000 ft., Drége! Albany Div.; near Grahamstown, Burke! MacOwan ! hetween

Kasuga River and Sidbury, Burchell, 4164! Blue Krantz, Burchell, 3635!

Bathurst Div.; near Theopolis, between Riet Fontein and the sea, Burchell,

Chetacanthus. | ACANTHACE® (Clarke), 19

4087! Komgha Div.; Komgha, 2000 ft., Flanagan, 811! British Kaffraria,

Cooper, 285! Gill!

Centra Recion: Somerset Div.; Somerset East, 2600 ft., Bolus! Alexandria

Div.; on the rocks of Zwartwater Poort, Burchell, 3377!

Eastern RKeGion: Tembuland; near Bazeia, 2000 ft., Bawr, 273! Natal;

in muddy places around Durban Bay, Krauss, 306!

The type-specimen of Chetacanthus Persoonii, vas. a, Nees, inscribed by Nees’

hand, is Justicia protracta, T. Anders, Ruwellia setigera, Pers. Syn. ii. 176,

another name for Ruellia aristata, Thunb. (Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 479), was referred

to the present plant by Nees in Linnea, xv. 357, and in DC. Prod. xi. 462.

Ruellia setigera, Pers., had, however, 4 stamens, a point on which the old authors

are much safer than the modern, and was therefore neither of the two. It may

have been R. patula, Jacq. (otherwise not included by Thunberg).

2. C. glandulosus (Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 462); stem and leaves

pubescent ; calyx-teeth with many gland-tipped hairs, usually shorter

than the corolla-tube ; otherwise as C. Persoonii, Nees. Schinz in

Mém. Herb. Boiss. x. 63. C. Persoonti, Hochst. in Flora, 1845,

72 partly. Eranthemum obovatum, var. b, E. Meyer in Drege,

Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 134, 182. Calophanes Persoonit,

T’. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 23 partly.

Coast Reeion: Port Elizabeth Div.; Port Elizabeth, Bolus! Albany Div. ;

Fish River Heights, Hutton ?

KaLaHarI Reeion: Transvaal; hills above Apies River, near Pretoria,

Rehmann, 4249! Wonderboom Poort, Rehmann, 4512!

Eastegn Re@ion: Griqualand East ; near Kokstad, 5000 ft., Tyson! Natal ;

in muddy places around Durban Bay, Krauss, 380! near the coast, Wood, 1157!

and without precise locality, Gerrard, 180! Delagoa Bay, Jwnod, 319.

In this species, imperfect anther-cells with little or no good pollen occur ; in

Rehmann, 4512, which contains flowers of every age, the anthers appear never

to open, so that the plant is female. Similar imperfect anther-cells occur

occasionally in C, Persoonit.

8. C. Burchellii (Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 462); leaves up to

3—] in. long, sparingly hairy, elliptic, lower with a subacute triangular

tip ; calyx-teeth with rather long several-celled white spreading hairs ;

otherwise as C. Persoonii, Nees. C. Burkei, Sonder in Linnea, xxiii.

94, Calophanes Burkei, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc, vii. 24.

Sourn AFrica: withont precise locality, Mudd !

Katauari Reaion: Orange River Colony; Thaba Unchu, Burke ! Transvaal ;

Hooge Veld, at Trigards Fontein, Rehmann, 6707! near Lydenburg, Wilms,

1196! Mac Mac Hills, Mudd!

Eastern ReGion: Griqualand Hast; near Clydesdale, 2500 ft., Tyson, 2078!

near Kokstad, 5000 ft., Tyson’ MacOwan Herb. Austr.-Afr., 1509! Natal ; near

Gourton, 4000 ft., Wood, 3623! near Durban, 100 ft., Wood, 34! Inanda,

Wood, 213! near the junction of the Tugela and Blaawkrantz Rivers, 2000-

3000 ft., Evans, 669! Weenen County, 3000-5000 ft., Sutherland ! and without

precise locality, Gerrard, 186!

Nees describes this species as having the corolla-tube scarcely longer than the

_ ealyx-teeth, as is the case in his specimen (collected by Burke, not by Burchell).

But the length of the corolla-tube varies much in other examples, till in Gerrard,

186, it is very nearly 1 in. long.

4, C. costatus (Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 462); leaves 3—] in. long,

elliptic or oblong, lower subacutely triangular at the tip, nearly

glabrous, nerves prominent beneath ; calyx-teeth glabrous or very

20 ACANTHACER (Clarke). [ Chetacanthus.

neatly so; otherwise as CO. Persoonii, Nees. Sonder in Linnea, xxi.

94. Calophanes costatus, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vil. 23.

Katanart Region: Transvaal; Apies Poort, near Pretoria, Rehmann, 4109!

Rust Plaats, near Origstad, on the Bosch Veld, Wilms, 1193! near Lydenburg,

Wilms, 1194! 1195! Magalies Berg, Zeyher, 1402! Burke! Matebe Valley,

Holub! Barberton, 2400 tt., Galpin, 644! and without precise locality, McLea !

Nees describes the leives as prominently 3-nerved beneath. The leaves are

pinnate-nerved, as throughout the genus, and there are 7-9 nerves equally

prominent.

VII. PHAYLOPSIS, Willd.

Bracteoles 0. Oalyx 5-lobed nearly to the base; 2 anticous

segments linear or linear-spathulate ; posticous segment ovate ;

2 inner segments shorter linear. Corolla small; tube 1—} in. long ;

lobes 5, contorted in the bud. Stamens 4; anther-cells mucronate

at the base, hardly tailed; pollen short-ellipsoid, longitudinally

12-ribbed, with 3 stopples. Style thinly hairy; 1 stigmatic arm

linear-oblong, the other very short; ovary with 2 ovules in each cell.

Capsule ellipsoid, compressed, solid at the base, usually perfecting

4 seeds, dehiseing elastically; the placente (carrying the seeds)

separate from the capsule-wall and spring up from the bottom ;

margins of seeds with numerous hygroscopic hairs.

Small, shrubby ; leaves often oblique, those in 1 opposite pair unequal, elliptic,

entire or crenate ; inflorescence in cylindric or ovoid spikes, each broad floral leaf

enclosing a contracted cyme of usually 3 flowers ; bract to each flower 0.

Species 15, in Africa, Mascarene Isles and India.

Anticous 2 calyx-teeth linear-ligulate, acute... ... (1) parviflora.

Anticous 2 calyx-tceth linear-spathulate in ... (2) longifolia.

1. P. parviflora (Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 342) ; pubescent; stem 1-2 ft.

long, branched; leaves up to 3 by 11 in. (some on the same stem

only > by 1 in. long), acuminate at both ends, nearly entire ; petiole up

to 1} in. long; inflorescence 1-2 in. long, dense, strobilate; lower

floral leaves 4 by } in., rounded, subtruncate ; calyx 1—1in. long, hairy ;

2 anticous segments linear-ligulate, acute ; corolla 1 in. long, white

or purplish ; tube funnel-shaped at the top; ovary glabrous, sparingly

glandular at the top; capsule 1-1 in. long. 7’. Anders. in Journ.

Linn. Soc. vii. 26; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.iv.417, in

Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 83. P. longifolia, Sims in Bot, Mag. t.

2433. Micranthus oppositifolius, Wendl. Bot. Beobacht. 39 ; Lindau

in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 298, and in Engl. Pfl. Ost-

Afr, C. 367. M. longifolius and M. imbricatus, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen.

493. Aitheilema imbricatum, R. Br. Prod. 478; Nees in DC. Prod.

xi. 262 partly. A. reniforme, Nees in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. iii. 94, and

in DC. Prod. xi. 261; Wight, Ic. Pl. t. 1533; Hochst. in Flora,

1845, 70. Phaulopsis oppositifolius and P. longifolius, Lindau in

Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. Nachtr. zu ii.iv. 305.

Eastern Reoion: Natal; in woods around Durban Bay, Krauss, 231! road-

sides near Durban, Wood, 65! borders of woods near Durban, 150 ft., Wood in

Phaylopsis.] ACANTHACK& (Clarke). 21

MacOwan Sf Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 1338! Inanda, Wood, 152! and

without precise locality, Grant ! Cooper, 3040! Gerrard, 10 partly !

Also in India, Mascarene Isles and Tropical Africa.

Phaylopsis longifolia, Sims (Bot. Mag. t. 2133), is figured from a Sierra

Leone plant, and is identical with the West African examples accepted by all

authors as P. parvijtora.

2. P. longifolia (T. Thoms. in Speke, Journ. Append. 643, not of

Sims); 2 anticous calyx-segments linear-spathulate ; otherwise as

T. parviflora. T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 26. Aitheilema

anisophyllum, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwet Pflanzengeogr. Documente,

160, 162. Micranthus longifolius, Lindau in Engl. & Prantl,

Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 298, fig. 120, A—F, not of O. Kuntze.

Eastern Region: Natal ; near Durban, below 500 ft., Drége! and without

precise locality, Gerrard, 13!

Also in East Tropical Africa.

This species might be esteemed a variety of P. parviflora,

VIII. PETALIDIUM, Nees.

Bracteoles 2, very large, ovate or elliptic, ultimately more or less

scarious, prominently veined. Calyx deeply divided into 5 unequal —

narrow-lanceolate segments. Corolla-tube dilated towards the top;

lobes contorted in the bud. Stamens 4; anther-cells mucronate at

the base; pollen ellipsoid, few-ribbed, stopples 3 with (nearly

always) 1 tubercle above and 1 below each stopple. Style with

2 unequal branches; ovary with 2 ovules in each cell, glabrous.

Capsule small (commonly { in. long), ellipsoid, compressed, dehiscing

with elasticity ; the placente separate from the capsule-wall, and

spring up from the bottom. Seeds 4 (or more often 2) to the capsule,

with many hygroscopic hairs.

Small shrubs; leaves entire; inflorescence of contracted monopodial cymes,

often reduced to single flowers, as nearly always in the South African species ;

bract to each flower small, narrow, or 0.

Species 18, in Africa and the Mascarene Islands, 1 in India.

; i . Anders. (in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 26), su

Aig Amgen pi ar alacant in Sees tevin West Africa, is Potaticwn

Currori, S. Moore (cf. Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 91); but was really collected in

Angola, ages

Leaves linear, ;,-4 in- broad... say ee .» (1) linifolium,

Leaves oblong, bd in. broud ss... ves ae .-. (2) oblongifolium.

1. P. linifolium (Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 27, t. 143); nearly glabrous ;

stem 2-3 ft., erect, branched; leaves 1 by 4—% in.; flowers scattered,

mostly solitary ; bracteoles > by 1 in., finally white with reticulating

green veins ; calyx }—} in. long; teeth 5, unequal, much longer than

the tube, minutely hairy ; corolla-tube % in. long; limb 14 in.

in diam. ; capsule 1-3 by } in. T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc.

vii. 25.

22 ACANTHACEE (Olarke). [ Petalidiwm.

* WESTERN ReEaGion: Great Namaqualand; between Brashwater and Sunfarar,

and on a table mountain near Bethany, Schinz, 21!

Also in Damaraland.

2. P. oblongifolium (C. B. Clarke); leaves 1 by 1-1 in.; petioles

+ in. ; bracteoles $ by 4 in., finally white-searious with reticulating

purple veins; ealyx-teeth 1-1 in. long, unequal, glandular-hairy ;

corolla, stamens, anthers, pollen and pistil, as of P. linifolium.

KALAHARI REGion: Transvaal; Piet Potgeiters Rust, 4300 ft., Schlechter,

4773!

IX. BLEPHARIS, Juss.

Bract large, ovate, acute or lanceolate, strongly nerved, often spine-

toothed ; bracteoles 2, narrow, or (in B. boerhaaviefolia) 0. Calyx

4-partite nearly to the base; anticous segment of 2 sepals united

nearly to the tip; posticous sepal longer, ovate at the base, oblong above,

3-nerved ; 2 inner sepals much shorter and narrower. Corolla short-

tubed ; limb blue or white, throat often yellow, or according to Nees

in B. capensis the corolla wholly yellow ; posticous lip 0, represented by

a horny rim ; anticous lip nearly flat obovate with 3-5 rounded lobes.

Stamens 4, didynamous; anthers 1-celled, oblong, with a fringe of

long white hairs along the slit ; 2 anticous filaments 2-fid near the

top, one braneh a short-oblong process or nearly obsolete, the other

carrying the anther; pollen ellipsoid, smooth, with 3 longitudinal

chinks (cf. Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. t. 1, fig. 36). Ovary with

2 (or 1) ovules in each cell; style-branches 2, subequal, linear-

lanceolate ; at the apex of the ovary on the posticous face are

2 hollows filled with glands. Capsule ellipsoid, flattened, woody,

shining-brown, 2- (seldom 4-) seeded. Seeds much flattened, covered

with rope-like hair-bundles, which on applying water unroll into

very long 1-celled hairs each furnished with a spiral band within.

Weedy undershrubs, often s

) r pinous, or with spine-toothed leaves; leaves of the

main stem approximated frequently in fours; the lower pair in each false whorl

often smaller and sometimes reduced to compound spines ; flowers in spikes, which

are sometimes cylindric strobilate with imbricate bracts, sometimes ovoid, few-

flowered and very loose; the spikes in spp. 1-4, 13-15, are reduced having all the

bracts (except the uppermost) empty, and appear as single flowers closely

enclosed by 4-8 bracts.

Species 50, mostly African ; a few extending through Arabia and the Orient

Region to India.

Section 1. Leaves entire, not spine-toothed on the margins except B.

linariefolia in which the leaves have occasionally a few teeth). NT EE

Spikes small, reduced, with the terminal bract

alone bearing a flower, axillary, mostly solitary ;

corolla 4-2 in. long:

Bracteoles 0 ees ie as He .. (1) boerhaavieefolia.

Bracteoles present ;

Bracts spine-toothed :

Leaves slightly hairy or glabrescent (2) molluginifolia,

Leaves scabrous with geveral-celled

se Ge a a

Bracts without spinous teeth or» = eve (4) innocna,

Blepharis. | ACANTHACEA (Clarke). 23

Spikes with several flowers ; corolla 1 in. long :

Leaves linear :

Spikes ovoid, loose, few-flowered ,.. --. (5) angusta.

Spikes cylindric ; bracts imbricated ... (6) linariefolia.

Leaves oblong-elliptic or obovate yd ... (7) Stainbankie,

Section 2. Leaves more or less toothed or spinous on the margin; often

approximated in fours whereof the lower pair are reduced to pinnate spines.

Bracts glabrous or puberulous :

Bracts lanceolate ; corolla yellow or white ... (8) capensis.

Bracts obovate, hatte» acuminate; corolla

bluse @ 7 si re ..» (10) mitrata.

Bracts villous at least on the nerves :

Spikes few-flowered; corolla-lips yellow or white (9) Ecklonii-

Spikes many-flowered 3; corolla-lips blue ... (11) hirtinervia.

Section 8. Leaves more or less toothed or spinous on the margin; often

approximated in fours, whereof the lower pair are not dissimilar to the upper

though frequently somewhat smaller.

Spikes small, reduced, with the terminal bract alone

supporting a flower :

Flower-bract with 5 spinous marginal teeth ... (12) uniflora,

Flower-bract mucronate ; lateral teeth obsolete (13) inermis.

Spikes several-flowered :

Branches with very short internodes; leaves

appearing clustered ; harsh small shrubs :

Spike small, few-flowered ; bracts ending

in a strong pinnate spine (14) furcata.

Spike short cylindric ; bracts hairy “ending

in a simple spine . (15) villosa.

Spike loose, few-flowered ; "bracts. oblong,

glabrous, like the leaves .. 4a .. (16) marginata.

Branches with many internodes 1 in. long or

more ; many leaves approximated in fours :

Spikes cylindric many-flowered ; subovoid

spikes occur also:

Bracts very hairy :

Ovary with a wn obversely

mitriform cap . . (17) obmitrata.

Ovary with no cap under the

style-base - (19) longispica.

Bracts minutely hairy, their large

tips squarrose . (18) squarrosa,

Spikes ail ovoid, few-flowered, sometimes

very shortly cylindric : :

Leaves elliptic or oblong:

Outermost bracts needle-like :

Bracts glabrous without ... (20) pruinosa.

Bracts hairy without:

Leaves irregularly spine-

toothed vis (21) diversispina.

Leaves closely ciliate-

spinescent ... ... (22) serrulata.

Outermost bracts pinnatifid

spinous; leaves or spines pin-

nate at base; bracts minutely

scabrous-hairy : :

Posticous sepal obtuse . (23) subvolubilis,

Posticous sepul widened at

the top... ive +» a4) dilatata.

24 : ACANTHACE® (Clarke). [ Blepharis.

Leaves linear to linear-oblong :

Leaves spine-toothed, the

lower pair subequal ... (25) procumbens.

Leaves remotely toothed, the

lower pair often smaller :

than the upper... ... (26) ineequalis.

Leaves pinnatifid ; elongated

branches without flowers ;

spikes terminal on short

basal branches... .»» (27) sinuata.

1. B. boerhaaviefolia (Pers, Syn. ii. 180); scabrous, and with

some long white hairs; stems 6-24 in. long, much branched, pro-

cumbent ; leaves up to 11 by 4—2 in., oblong or elliptic, obtuse, entire,

scarcely petioled, without spine-teeth; reduced spikes (1-flowered)

scattered, axillary, solitary or 2-3 together; empty lower bracts 5-8,

upper gradually larger, uppermost supporting the flower 1—1 in. long,

spathulate, strongly veined, with long marginal retrorse scabrous

bristles; bracteoles 0; posticous sepal 3 in. long; 2 inner sepals

+ in. long; corolla 3 in. long; capsule + in. long or rather more,

ovoid, usually 2-seeded. Wight, Ic. Pl. t.458; Nees in DC. Prod. xi.

266 ; Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 92; T, Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc.

vii. 34; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 478, and in Dyer

Fil. Trop. Afr. v. 96; Lindau in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv.

3B, 316, fig. 126, B—H ; Schinz in Mém. Herb. Boiss. x. 63. B.

Togodelia, Solms-Laub, in Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 108, 243 ;

Lindau in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 369. Acanthus maderaspatensis,

Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 892.

EASTERN ReEeion: Natal; Umzinyati Falls, Wood, 944! and without precise

locality, Gerrard, 1677! Delagoa Bay, Monteiro, 18! Jwnod, 265, Kuntze.

Also plentiful in Tropical Africa and India, and to Java.

2. B. molluginifolia (Pers, Syn. ii. 180); leaves oblong or linear,

usually less than 1 in. broad; bracteoles $-¢ in. long, linear-

lanceolate, mucronate, sometimes spathulate, boat-shaped at the top,

more or less spinous on the margin; otherwise as B. boerhaaviefolia,

Pers. Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 266; T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. ix.

500; C. B, Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 479, and in Dyer, FI.

Trop. Afr. v. 98. B. saturejefolia, Pers. Syn. ii. 180; Nees in

Linnea, xv. 360, and in DC. Prod. xi. 265; Hook. Journ. Bot. ii.

(1840) 126 ; Drége in Linnea, xx. 200 ; T. Anders. in Journ. Linn.

Soc. vii. 34; Lindau in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 317,

in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 369. B. integrifolia, E. Mey. in Drége,

Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 49, 136, 137, 138, 141, 142, 168 ;

Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 70. B. boerhaaviefolia, var. micrantha,

Sonder in Linnaa, xxiii. 92, ex descr. B. Gueinzti, T. Anders. in

Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 34, ex deser. Acanthus integrifolius, Linn. f.

Suppl. 294; Thunb. Prod. 97, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 456.

Soutn Arrica: without jag locality, Zeyher, 1410!

Coast Rea@ion; Riversdale Div. ; Riversdale, 400 ft., Schlechter, 1799!

Blepharis.| ACANTHACE® (Clarke). 25

Mossel Bay Div.; hills near the landing-place at Mossel Bay, Burchell, 6293 !

between Little Brak River and Hartenbosch, Burchell, 6213! Humansdorp Div. ;

near Little Zekoe River, MacOwan, 304! Uitenhage Div. ; near the Zwartkops

River, Ecklon § Zeyher, 475! Sunday River, Bowie! Alexandria Div.; on the

Zuur Berg Range, 2000-3000 ft., Drege! Enon and Fish River, Baur, 1081!

Albany Div.; near Grahamstown, Burke! MacOwan, 147! Lower Albany, at

Glenfilling, 1000 ft., Drége! Queenstown Div.; near Queenstown, 3800 ft.,

Galpin, 1942! Komgha Div. ; near the Kei River, 1800 ft., Flanagan, 1083!

CENTRAL REGION: Willowmore Div.?; valley of the Gamtoos River, Bolus,

2421! Somerset Div.; without precise locality, Bowie!’ Albert Div.; between

Stormberg Spruit and Braam Berg, 4500 ft., Drége /

KAtaAnHart ReGIon: Griqualand West, Hay Div.; at Griqua Town, Burchell,

1950! Orange River Colony; Vet River, Burke!’ Bechuanaland; near the source

of the Kuruman River, Burchell, 2473! Transvaal; Magalies Berg, 4600 ft.,

Schlechter, 3682! Pienaars River, 4300 ft., Schlechter, 4208 !

EastERN Re@ion;: Griqualand East; mountain sides around Clydesdale,

2500 ft., Tyson, 2682! MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm, Austr.-Afr., 829! Natal ;

at the foot of Table Mountain, Krawss, 21! near Umkomaas River, Wood, 1413!

in “ Thorns” near Mooi River, Wood, 4429! and without precise locality, Gerrard,

1919! Delagoa Bay, Kuntze.

Also in Tropical Africa and India.

8. B, setosa (Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 265); leaves 11 by? in.,

scabrous with several-celled white hairs; bracteoles ending in a

white bristle; otherwise as B. molluginifolia, Pers. C. B. Clarke in

Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 98.

KALAHARI Reeion: Transvaal; Apies River, near Pretoria, Burke !

Eastern Rea@ion : Natal; without precise locality, Gerrard, 1918!

Also in Tropical Africa.

4. B. innocua (C. B. Clarke) ; minutely pubescent; stem 6-18 in.

long, much divided, wiry, hispid-scabrous ; leaves 1 by 1-1 in.,

elliptic or oblong, entire, searcely petioled ; spikes $ by } in.,

axillary, subsessile, reduced to 5-7 closely imbricate bracts, the

terminal supporting «a flower, the rest empty; braets mucronate,

nearly spineless, the uppermost (flower-bearing) } in, long ; bracteoles

2 in. long, boat-shaped, lanceolate; anticous calyx-segment 2 in,

long ; corolla 2 in. long; on the posticous face of the ovary at its

top are 2 viseid hollows and 4 transverse glands.

KatauHarit Reaion: Transvaal; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6192! near Lyden-

berg, Wilms, 1215! Bronkhorst Spruit, Wilms, !215a! Pietersburg. 4700 ft.,

Schlechter, 4681 ! ;

5. B. angusta (T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 35) ; sparsely

and minute hairy; stems 3-7 in. long, wiry ; leaves 14-2} by ;, in.,

linear, entire, without spines, often approximated in fours; spikes

1 by 3 in., subsessile, ovoid, loose, of 2-4 flowers; bracts } in. long,

ovate, acute, with 5—7 spinous teeth; bracteoles } by , in.; ealyx

hairy within and without; anticous segment } in. long; corolla 1 in.

long, blue. Acanthodium angustum, Nees in DC. Prod, xi. 273;

Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 92.

KabAnart Reeron: Transvaal; near Schoen Spruit, Burke! and without |

precise locality, MacLea in Bolus Herb. 6475!

EBastegn Reoion: Natal, Owen, according to T. Anderson, —

26 ACANTHACER (Clarke). [ Blepharis.

6. B. linarieefolia (Pers. Syn. ii. 180) ; pubescent ; stems 4-18 in.

long; leaves up to 3 by 3 in., entire or oceasionally with a few small

spines; spikes 3-1 by 4 in., cylindric or ovoid, strobilate ; bracts

imbrieate, 2-1 in. leng, spinous; bracteoles 3-2 in, long, linear ;

postiecous calyx-segment 8 in. long; corolla 1 in. long. TT. Anders.

in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 36; C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr.

v. 100. B. sindica, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. ix. 500; C. B.

Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 479. Acanthodium grossum,

Wight, Ic. Pl. t. 1535, 1536, not of Nees.

Kabanari Reeion: Bechuanaland; between Mafeking and Ramoutsa,

Ingard !

Frequent in Tropical Africa, extending into South-west Asia.

7. B. Stainbankiew (C. B. Clarke) ; hairy branches 3-8 in. long,

slender, rambling; leaves 1-11 by 1—1 in., obovate or oblong, entire,

without spines, often approximated in fours; petiole 0-1 in. long;

spikes sessile, axillary, solitary, ovoid, up to 13 by 1 in., of 4-7

flowers ; bracts 1 by 1 in., with spinous teeth up to + in. long, softly

hairy ; bracteoles 2 in. long, linear; calyx hairy within and with-

out; anticous segment +} in. long; corolla. 1 in. long, white (Mrs.

Stainbank).

KatanaRi Reeion: Transvaal; Mrs. Stainbank in Wood Herbd., 3661!

Johannesberg, 5000 ft., Mrs. Galpin in Galpin Herb., 1399!

8. B. capensis (Pers. Syn. ii. 180); nearly glabrous except the

calyx and corolla; small harsh shrub (but ‘sometimes attaining

6-8 ft.,” Niven) ; stem-leaves often approximated in fours whereof

the lower pair are reduced to 3-7-toothed pinnate whitened spines,

the upper pair 1-1} in. long, oblong or elliptic, more or less spine-

toothed ; spikes near the end of the branches, 1-2 by 3—1 in., loose,

of 4-9 flowers; bracts 1 by 2 in., elliptic-lanceolate, glabrous, white-

nerved, 3—9-toothed, terminal tooth long, narrow; calyx pubescent

without, hairy within ; anticous segment 1-1 in. long; corolla % in.

long, white (or yellow according to Nees); capsule frequently

4-seeded. T. Anders. in Journ. Linn, Soc. vii. 35; Lindau in Engl.

§ Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 318; Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 70%

Acanthus capensis, Linn. f. Suppl.295; Thunb. Prod. 97, and Fl.

Cap. ed. Schult. 455 ; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 61, 161

letter b. Acanthodium capense, Nees in Linnea, xv. 361, and in

DC. Prod. xi. 276, exel. var. villosa.

SoutH Avgica : without precise locality, Masson / Oldenburg !

Coast Raton : Div.? Rickman’s Kloof, Niven, 90! Riversdale Div. 3 Rivers-

dale, Pappe! Humansdorp Div.; between Milk River and Gamtoos River,

Burchell, 4793! and without precise locality, Niven, 23! Fort Beaufort Div.;

without precise locality, Cooper, 519! Queenstown Div. ; Griffithsville, near

Queenstown, 3500 ft., Galpin, 1758!

CenTRAL Rxeton: Jansenville Div.; Zwart Ruggens, on the Karoo Flats,

2000-3000 ft., Drége ! Somerset Div.; between the Zuurberg Range and Klein

Bruintjes Hoogte, 2000-2500 ft., Drége / near Somerset, Bowker, 18! 60! Graaff

Blepharis. | ACANTHACE® (Clarke). 27

Reinet Div. ; hills near Graaff Reinet, 2900 ft., Bolus, 427! Murraysburg Div. ;

near Murraysburg, Tyson / Colesberg Div.; vley near Sea Cow (Zeekoe) River,

Shaw ! Middelburg Div.; at “ Rock Station,” near Middelburg, Burchell, 2797 !

9. B. Ecklonii (C. B. Clarke) ; bracts 4 by } in., obovate, villous

on undersurface of the nerves, tip short spinous ; otherwise nearly

as B. capensis, Pers. B. hirtinervia, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe.

vil. 35, partly. Acanthodium capense, Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 93.

A, capense, rar. B, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 276. Blepharacanthus

capensis, Drége in Linnea, xx. 200.

Coast Rra@ion: Riversdale Div.; 500 ft., Schlechter, 2012! Humansdorp

Div. ; by the Gamtoos River, Bowie, 23! Uitenhage Div.; on the Karoo-like

hills by the Sunday River, Ecklon § Zeyher, 148! Grassrug, 500-1000 ft.,

Zeyher, 1406! Algoa Bay, Bowie !

Noted 8 ft. high ; the upper branches + in, in diam.

10. B. mitrata (C. B. Clarke) ; glabrescent, exeept the inflores-

cence ; stems 2-6 in. long, harsh; leaves often approximated in

fours, the lower pair reduced to pinnate spines, the upper pair 1-12

by 4-4 in., oblong or elliptic, sinuate, remotely spine-toothed ; petiole

0-1 in.; spikes 1 in. long, ovoid, subsessile, of 2-5 flowers ; bracts

1 by + in., obovate, puberulous glaucescent without, with 7-9

marginal spines; bracteoles } in. long, linear-lanceolate; calyx

pubescent without, hairy within; anticous segment 1 in. long;

posticous sepal } in. long; corolla $ in. long, pale blue; ovary

surmounted by a large ovoid cap, hollow with a ring of long white

hairs inside near the top. B. hirtinervia, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn.

Soc, vii. 35, partly. Acanthus furcatus, var.a, E. Meyer in Drege,

Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 62, 161. Blepharacanthus fur-

catus, Presi, Bot. Bemerk. 98. Acanthodium capense, Nees in DC.

Prod, xi. 276 partly.

CentraL Reeion: Carnarvon Div.; at the northern exit of Karree Bergen

Poort, near Carnarvon, Burchell, 1563! Albert Div.; near Weltevrede, by the

Ganka River, Drége /

11. B. hirtinervia (T. Anders. in Journ. Linn, Soe. vii. 35, excl.

syn.) ; branches 10 in. long, stout, pubescent upwards ; leaves often

approximated in fours, the lower pair reduced to pinnate whitened

spines, the upper 1} by 4-3 in., subentire, spine-toothed, when

mature nearly glabrous ; spikes often terminal, up to 32 by 11 in.,

hairy ; bracts 14 by { in., villous; anticous calyx-segment * in. long ;

posticous sepal 1 in. long ; corolla 13-1} in. long, blue in the dried

state (Nees says yellow). Acanthodium hirtinervium, Nees in DC.

Prod. xi. 277 ; Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 93.

Coast Recion: Port Elizabeth Div. ; on the sand-hills, near Port Elizabeth,

Drege, 7932 !

Crentrat ReGion: Somerset Div. ; near Somerset East, Bowker /

Katanarit Region: Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Burke /

12. B. uniflora (C. B. Clarke); pubescent ; stem 12 in. long,

rigid, branched ; leaves mostly approximated in fours, 1 by 3 in.,

28 ACANTHACE® (Clarke). [ Blepharis.

oblong, nearly glabrous, with few irregular teeth, searcely spinous ;

spikes (reduced to 1 terminal flower, with all the lower bracts

empty), axillary, solitary; flower-bract 2 by } in., with 5 spinous

teeth ; braeteoles 4 by ;); in.; anticous calyx-segments 2 in. long;

posticous sepal $ in. long; corolla L in. long.

Katanari Reeion: Transvaal; Makapans Berg, at Streyd Poort, Rehmann,

5440!

Extends to the Tropical Transvaal.

This differs from B. pungens, T, Anders., from Mozambique, by the presence of

bracteoles,

13. B. inermis (C. B. Clarke); glabrescent, very spinous ; stems

9 in. long, thick, harsh, branched ; leaves 1 by + in., lanceolate,

spine-toothed, with numerous simple spines }—2 in. long in the axils

(which form the lowest bracts of the spike developed the next year) ;

spikes (with all the lower bracts empty, the uppermost containing

a flower), axillary, 1-3 together; flower-bracts 2-} in., lanceolate,

spine-tipped ; lateral teeth 0 or minute and obscure; bracteoles

4-2 in. long, linear; posticous sepal 2 in. long; corolla 3 in. long;

capsule 1 in, long, 2-seeded. B. capensis, T. Anders. in Journ.

Linn. Soc. vii. 35, partly. Acanthodium capense, var. inermis,

Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 277.

Soura Arrica: without precise locality, Thom, 370! 375!

14. B. furcata (Pers. Syn. ii. 180); sparingly hairy, very

spinous ; stems 4—6 in. long, woody, branched, rigid, with short

internodes ; leaves 1-14 by ;-1 in., lanceolate or nearly linear,

with few spinous teeth ; petiole 0-1 in. long ; spines in the leaf-axils

(the basal bracts of the next year’s spikes) 1-1 in. long, mostly 3-fid

or pinnate near the base; spikes axillary, 3-1 by + in., ovoid, few-

flowered ; bracts 2 by } in., nearly glabrous, terminated by a long

rigid 3-fid or pinnate spine; bracteoles } in. long, linear-lanceolate ;

calyx minutely pubescent without, hairy within; anticous segment

scareely 1 in. long; posticous sepal exceeding +} in. in length, acute ;

corolla $in, long, bluish ; ovary with 3 glands at the top below the 2

hollows at the style-base ; capsule + in. long, 2-seeded. ‘’, Anders.

in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 35, excl. the Port Natal example. Acanthus

Surcatus, Linn. f. Suppl. 295; Thunb. Prod. 97, and Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 455. A. integrifolius, var. e, E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflan-

zengeogr. Documente, 93,161. A. macer, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei

Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 67,161. Blepharacanthus integrifolius,

Presl, Bot. Bemerk.98. Acanthodium furcatum, Nees in DC. Prod.

xi. 276 ; Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 93, partly. A. macrum, Nees in

DC. Prod. xi. 276 ; Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 93.

SoutH AFkIcA : without precise locality, Masson !

CentRaL RecGion; Calvinia Div.; Springbok Kuil River, 2000-3000 ft.,

Zeyher, 1408! Prince Albert Div. ; Gamka River, Burke /

Western Reoion ;: Little Namaqualand ; by the Orange River, near Verlept-

pram, Drége /

Katanari Recion: Prieska Div.; near the Orange River, between “ Gariep

Station and Shallow Ford,” Burchell, 1650!

Blepharis.] ACANTHACE# (Clarke). 29

15. B. villosa (C. B. Clarke) ; glabrescent, except the inflorescence ;

stems 2—4 in. long, woody, with internodes less than + in, long;

leaves 1} by 4 in., oblong, sinuate, remotely spine-toothed ; petiole

0-3 in. long; spikes 1-14 in. long, axillary, 4-8-flowered ; bracts

1 by } in., villous or pubescent without, obovate, suddenly acuminate

into a tip with 3-5 simple spines ; bracteoles 2 in. long, linear;

calyx pubescent without, hairy within; anticous segment 4 in. long;

posticous sepal 3 in. long, acute; corolla nearly 1 in. long, blue ;

capsule } in. long, 4-seeded. B. hirtinervia, T. Anders. in Journ.

Linn. Soc. vii. 35 partly. Acanthodium capense, var. 5*, villosum

subacaule, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 277. A. furcatum, Sonder in

Linnea, xxiii. 93 partly.

CentRat Region: Middelburg Div.; ‘‘ Rock Station,” near Middelburg,

Burchell, 2799/2! between Wolve Kop and Middelburg, Burchell, 2790! Cradock

Div. ; by the Fish River, near Cradock, Burke ! Zeyher, 1405!

16. B. marginata (C. B. Clarke) ; nearly glabrous; stem 2-5 in.

long, woody, branched, internodes mostly less than 3 in. long; leaves

in tufts, 1 by 1 in., oblong or lanceolate, with 8-14 equidistant

spines ; spikes ovoid, of 2-4 flowers, very loose; braets * in. long,

oblong, glabrous, closely resembling the smaller leaves; bracteoles

% by ~y in., usually ciliate, subspinous ; calyx closely pubescent

without, densely hairy within; anticous segment 3 in. long ; posticous

sepal % in. long, acute ; corolla 3-1 in. long, blue; capsule 2 in. long,

ellipsoid, 4-seeded. Acanthodiwm marginatum, Nees in DC. Prod.

xi. 275. :

KALAHARL RxeGion: Griqualand West, Hay Div.; at Griqua Town, Burchell,

1859! 1902! Herbert Div.; in sandy soil near Backhouse (Douglas), Shaw,

59! Bechuanuland; between Hamapery and Kosi Fontein, Burchell, 2541!

17. B. obmitrata (C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 101) ;

hairy ; branches 10 in. long ; internodes 1—4 in. long ; leaves approxi-

mated in fours, up to 14 by 4-} in., densely and minutely hairy,

spinous-toothed ; spines in the axils (i.e. the basal spines of next

year’s spikes) up to 2 in. long, simple or toothed near the base;

spikes 2 by * in., rather dense, 6-10-flowered, hairy ; bracts 3-1 by

1 in., obovate, suddenly acuminate, with 7—9 spines, hairy within and

without ; bracteoles 3-1 in. long, narrowly linear; anticous calyx-

segment scareely } in. long; posticous sepal nearly 3 in. long;

corolla 1 in. long, blue; ovary crowned by a large pale brown cap,

below the two hollows filled with glands at the style-base.

Katanart Reeton: Transvaal: Boschveld, between Eland’s River and

Klippan, Rehmann, 5049!

Also in Angola.

18. B. squarrosa (I. Anders. in. Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 35);

nearly glabrous; branches 6-10 in, long, procumbent rambling,

internodes 1-3 in. long; leaves mostly approximated in fours, up to

30 acanriAcea (Clarke). [ Blepharis.

4 by 4 in., lanceolate at either end, spinous-toothed ; petiole 0-2 in.

long ; spikes up to 4 by 2 in., 8-14-flowered ; bracts 13-2 in. long,

upper half lanceolate, recurved, with 9-13 long spines ; bracteoles

= by § in.; calyx nearly glabrous without, densely hairy within;

anticous segment 3 in. long; corolla more than 1 in. long, bluish.

Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 260, Acanthodium squarrosum, Nees in

DC. Prod. xi. 275; Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 93.

‘Kananart Ruearon: Griqualand West ; Boetsap, 4000 ft., Marloth, 962 ex

Engler. Orange River Colony; Great Vet River, Zeyher, 1404! Burke! Trans-

vail; Klerksdorp, Nelson, 307! between Mamusa and Homans Vley, Holub,

2028! 2029!

19. B. longispica (C. B. Clarke) ; hairy ; stems branched, stout,

with internodes 1-4 in. long; leaves approximated in fours, upper

pair up to 43 by = in,, spinous-toothed, when mature glabrescent,

lower pair similar but rather smaller; spikes terminal (on quasi-

peduneles 1-4 in, long), up to 5 by 1} in., often 20-flowered, densely

hairy ; on the peduncles are a few distant lanceolate bracts about 3 in.

long ; bracts (of the spikes) 11 in. long, ovate, shortly acute, with

15 spines ; bracteoles 3 by zo In.; calyx hairy within and without :

anticous segment 2 in. long; corolla 1; in. long, white.

Eastern Recion: Natal; near Estcourt, 3600 ft., Wood, 671! 3509!

Colenso, 3100 ft., Wood, 903! MacOwan, Herb. Aust-Afr., 1510! 3200 ft.,

Schlechter, 6683 !

This plant bears a general resemblance to B. hirtinervia in the long leaves and

long hairy spikes, but, of the four approximated leaves the two outer are not here

reduced to spines. As to the: few scattered bracts on the quasi-peduncles, I do

not recall anything like them in the genus,

20. B. pruinosa (Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 260%); minutely

scabrous-pubescent or glabrate ; stems 8 in. long, rigid, internodes up

to 1} in. long ; leaves approximated in fours, the upper pair 1-14 by

i-% in., oblong or subelliptic, subentire (i.e. without lobes), with

scattered spinous teeth, minutely scabrous ; petiole 0-2 in. long,

axillary spines (i.e. the basal bracts of the next year’s spikes) 1 in.

long, linear, simple; spikes 1-1} in. long, axillary, 2—5-flowered ;

bracts 3-1 by 4-1 in., acuminate into a lanceolate tip, glabrous,

pruinose, nerves conspicuously white, spinous teeth 9 and up to + in,

long; bracteoles 2 in. long, linear; anticous calyx-segment 2 in,

long ; posticous sepal % in. long, hairy within; corolla 4-1 in. long,

blue. Lindau in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 318. B.

Jurcata, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 35, partl

Coast Reeton: Uitenhage Div. ; Uitenhage, Bowie, 2!

Eastern Reaion: Griqualand East; Shawbury, on the Tsitsa River, 1500-

1800 ft., Baur, 201! Natal; near Durban, Sutherland! and without precise

locality, Gerrard, 1273!

The plant above described is Sutherland’s, Engler’s B. pruinosa is not known

to me by any authentic specimen. The description appears to agree very well

with Sutherland’s plant; but Engler’s B. pruinosa was Marloth, 1444, ‘from

Hereroland, a remote locality, with a totally different climate,

Blepharis.} ACANTHACEA (Clarke). 31

21. B. diversispina (C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 104) ;

pubescent ; branches 8-18 in. long, internodes 1-4 in. long; leaves

often 4 subsimilar and approximated, 1-11 by 1-2 in., elliptic-oblong,

hardly lobed, spine-toothed ; spines in the axils (i.e. the lowest

bracts to the next year’s spikes) simple, 1 in. long, needle-like ;

spikes 1-1} in. long, ovoid, 2—7-flowered ; bracts 2 by 1 in., with

Y spinous teeth, hairy without; bracteoles more than 1 in. long,

linear; anticous calyx-segment + in. long ; posticous sepal ® in. long ;

corolla $-1 in. long, blue. B. procumbens, T. Anders. in Journ.

Linn. Soc. vii. 35 partly. Acanthodium diversispinum, Sonder in

Linnea, xxiii, 92; var. B, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 275.

Kananart Reeion: Bechuanaland; Maadji Mountain, Burchell, 2877!

Transvaal ; Holub!

Also in Tropical Bechuanaland and Angola.

22. B. serrulata (Ficalho et Hiern. in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot.

ii, 24); pubescent, harsh, woody, branched ; leaves often 4 together

subsimilar, 1 by 3 in., oblong, obtuse, scarcely toothed, with numerous

closely-placed forward-pointing spinous serratures ; spikes axillary,

1} by 2 in, short-cylindrie or ovoid, 4—8-flowered ; lowest bracts

pinnatifid near the base ; bracts (to the flowers) 2 by 3 in., obovate,

suddenly and shortly acuminate, densely and shortly hairy, with

9-13 marginal spinous cilia; bracteoles } in, long, linear; calyx

hairy within and without; anticous segment i in. long; corolla

+ in. long; capsule 4 in. long, 2-seeded. C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fl.

Trop. Afr. v. 102. B. procumbens, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn, Soc.

vil. 35 partly. Acanthodium serrulatum, Nees in DC. Prod. xi.

275; Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 93. A. diversispinum, var. a, Nees

in DC. Prod, xi. 275.

KataAnari REGION: Transvaal; Apies River, Burke! Magalies Berg, Burke !

Also in Angola.

23. B.. subvolubilis (C. B. Clarke); minutely pubescent or

glabrescent ; stems 6-12 in. long, branched, slender, flexuose, inter-

nodes 1-3 in. long; leaves often approximated in fours, subsimilar,

1} by 1-} in., narrowly elliptic, not lobed, spine-toothed ; bracts

1 in. long, the lowest sterile foliaceous, pinnatifid (not simple needle-

like); corolla 14 in, long; otherwise as B, diversispina.

Kaanari Recion: Orange River Colony; Thaba Unchu, Burke! Transvaal ;

lower slopes of mountains near Barberton, 2800 ft., Galpin, 881!

24. B. dilatata (C. B. Clarke) ; minutely scabrous-pubescent ;

stems 6-10 in. long, rigid, internodes 1-2 in. long ; leaves often

approximated in fours, subsimilar, {—1} by 3-}. in, elliptic or

narrowly obovate, hardly lobed, with few irregular spine-tipped

teeth; spikes 1} by 1 in., axillary, 2-5-flowered ; bracts 1 by } in,

ovate, shortly acuminate, puberulous with 9 spinous cilia, lowest

(sterile) foliaceous, pinnatifid; bracteoles } in. long, linear; anticous

32 ACANTHACE& (Clarke). [ Blepharis.

calyx-segment } in. long; posticous sepal % in. long, ovate-oblong

upwards, wider at the top, truneate, somewhat scarious and coloured ;

corolla 1 in. long, blue.

Var. B, explicatior, C. B. Clarke; larger in all parts; leaves up to 12 in.

long; bracts up to 14 in. long; bracteoles nearly 1 in. long; calyx more

hairy.

Coast ReGion: Stutterheim Div.; Kabousie River, 2100 ft., Flanagan,

593!

CenrraL ReaGion: Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft., Bolus,

Katanari Reaion; Transvaal; Hooge Veld, at Trigards Fontein, Rehmann,

6711! Var. 8: Transvaal ; at Apies Poort, Rehmann, 4099! 4100! ina journey

to Johannesburg, Miss Saunders, 2!

EasteRN Ree@ion: Griqualand East; near Clydesdale and Ibisi, 2500 ft.,

Tyson, 1152! bank of asmall stream near Ibisi River, Wood, 3060! Natal ;

Zuur Berg, Wood, 879!

25, B. procumbens (Pers. Syn. ii. 180) ; puberulous and sparsely

hairy ; stems 6-18 in. long, much branched, procumbent, internodes

up to 1 in. long; leaves often approximated in fours, subsimilar,

3-1} by 3— in,, linear or linear-oblong, deeply toothed, spinous,

scarcely petioled ; spikes axillary, ovoid, up to 12 by 1 in., 1-8-

flowered; bracts 1 in. long, ovate, shortly acute, with recurved points,

and with 15-25 very narrow closely placed softly hairy marginal spines ;

bracteoles % by 53, in.; calyx hairy within and without; anticous

segment $—{ in. long ; corolla exceeding | in. in length, blue; capsule

% in. long, 4-seeded, or much shorter and with 2 larger seeds and the

2 lower ovules infertile. T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 85

partly ; Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 71; Lindau in Engl. ¢& Prantl,

Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 318. B. glomerata, Poir. Eneyel. Suppl. i. 89,

Acanthus procumbens, Linn. J. Suppl. 294; Thunb. Prod. 97, and

Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 456 ; B. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 127, 131, 161. A, glomeratus, Lam. Encyel. i. 23.

Acanthodium procumbens, Nees in Linnea, xv. 362, and in DC. Prod.

xi. 273; Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 92, Blepharacanthus procumbens,

Drége in Linnea, xx. 200, Blepharanthus procumbens, Hook.

Journ. Bot. ii. (1840) 126.

Sout AFRIcA: without precise locality, Masson ! Oldenburg !

Coast Reeton: Uitenhage Div. ; by the Sunday River and Coega River,

Drége! between Zwartkops River and Coega River, Krauss, 1118, near the

Zwartkops River, Zcklon § Zeyher, 242 ! Grassrug, Baur, 1021! Port Elizabeth

Div. ; Algoa Bay, Cooper, 3039! Hamansdorp Diy., Thunberg ! Niven, 24! 88!

Alexandra Div. ; Bushman’s River, Bowie, 4!

CentTRAL ReGion : Somerset Div. ; Sunday River, Bowie, 5!

26. B. inequalis (C. B. Clarke) ; hairy; branches 4—9 in. long,

with internodes 1-2} in. long; leaves often approximated in fours,

whereof the upper pair is 13-2} by i in., linear, with few remote

scarcely spinous teeth, the lower pair similar but smaller (or some-

times much smaller and subentire) ; spikes axillary, often in the

forks of the branches, ovoid, 2-5-flowered 3 bracts } by 4 in., obovate,

Blepharis. | ACANTHACEH (Clarke), 33

shortly acute, hairy, with 11 marginal spines }—1 in. long; bracteoles

$ in. long, linear ; anticous calyx-segment } in. long; posticous sepal

¢ in. long, hairy within ; corolla 1 in. long, blue.

KaLavARr ReGtion: Transvaal; Houtbosch Berg, Nelson, 419! Krans Kop,

near Modimulle, on the Nyl River, Nelson, 126! Vietersburg, 4700 ft.,

Schlechter, 4352 !

27. B. sinuata (C. B. Clarke); minutely pubescent; barren

branches 7 in. long, with internodes 1-4 in. long; leaves often

approximated in fours, subsimilar, 1-2} by 4 in., narrowly oblong,

sinuate-pinnatifid, spinous-toothed; spikes 2 by 14 in., on short

peduncles near the crown of the root, ovoid, 3—5-flowered ; bracts

1} by 4 in., ovate, shortly acuminate, puberulous, with 11 spines up

to in. long; bracteoles nearly 1 in. long, linear; anticous calyx-

segment 2 in. long; posticous sepal 1 in. long; corolla 14 in. long,

blue. Acanthodium sinuatum, Nees in Linnea, xv. 362, and in DC,

Prod. xi. 274. Acanthus humilis, Vahl ex Nees in DC. Prod. l.c.

Coast Recion: Albany Div.; Grahamstown, Ecklon; Flats near Grahams-

yadit eens Mey MacOwan, 215! Bothas Berg, near Grahamstown, 800-1000 ft.,

uur, .

X. ACANTHOPSIS, Harv.

Bract obovate, truncate, terminated by 5-3 narrow-lanceolate

toothed or compound spines. Ca/yxz-segments: anticous of 2 sepals

connate nearly to the tip, ovate-triangular, 10-nerved ; posticous

ovate-triangular, ll-nerved. Stamens 4; 2 anticous filaments with-

out a process at the top. Style with 1 linear branch, the other very

small or 0; no hol'ows at the style-base ; otherwise as Blepharis.

Small, prickly ; leaves linear-oblong, toothed, spinous; spikes dense ; capsule

generally 2-seeded,

Species, the 7 following, endemic in South Africa.

Branches short ; internodes less than } in. long:

Bracts without secondary spines at the top

Within:

Bracts 5-fid at the top ... ie .. (1) carduifolia.

Bracts 3-tid at the top ... one ... (2) glauca.

Bracts with secondary spines at the top

within: .

Bracts with white hairs, not viscid .., (3) Disperma.

Bracts viscid with gland-tipped hairs ... (4) hoftmannseggiana.

Branches 6-12 in. long; internodes up to 1 in.

long :

Spikes cylindric : :

Bracts 5-tid at the top, softly hairy ... (5) horrida,

Bracts 3-fid at the top, sparingly ‘

hairy ... vs Sue te ... (6) trispina. —

Spikes globose ... Hee a eed ... (7) spathularis.

1. A. carduifolia (Schinz in Verh, Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxxi.

200); villous (but see var. 8); stem 1 in. long, woody, densely

leafy ; leaves 3 by + in., pinnatifid, doubly spinous-toothed ; spike

2-3 by 3 in. ; bract (without the spines) } by { in., obovate, truncate,

VOL. VY. D

34 ACANTHACEE (Clarke). [ Acanthopsis,

crowned by 5 narrow-lanceolate spinous teeth 473 In. long, without

any secondary (apparently inner) spines round the top; bracteoles

3 in. long, linear; calyx hairy without and within; anticous segment

% in. long; corolla * in. long. Lindau in Engl. §& Prantl,

Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 319. Aranthus cardutfolius, Linn. f. Suppl.

294; Thunb. Prod. 97, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 455; E. Meyer in

Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeoyr. Documente, 69, 91, 161. Aecanthodium

earduifolium, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 278. Blepharis carduifolia,

T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 35.

Var. 8, glabra (C. B. Clarke): leaves and bracts less hairy, in age glabrescent. |

Acanthus glaber, E. Meyer in Drége. Zwei Pilanzengeogr. Documente, 67, 161.

Acanthodium glabrum, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 278. Blephoris carduifolia, var.

glabra, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 35; Schinz in Verh. Bot. Ver.

Branden». xxxi. 200.

West+RN ReEGion: Little Namaqualand; Kamies Berg and Rood Berg,

8009-4°00 ft., Dréye! Kaus Mountains, Drége! Calvinia Div.; Hantam, ex

Nees. Var. 8: Little Namaqualand; Kamies Berg, 3000-4000 ft., Drége !

2. A. glauca (Schinz in Verh. Bot, Ver. Brandenb, xxxi. 201) ;

nearly stemless and glabrous; leaves linear-lanceolate, remotely

spinous-toothed ; spike terminal, cylimiric, elongate ; bracts obovate-

cuneate, bearing 3 terminal spines; 2 larger calyx-segments ovate-

oblong, silky. Lindau in Eng! & Prantl, Pflanzenfam., iv. 3B, 319.

Acanthus glancus, E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente *

91,161, and in Linnea, xx. 200, A. glaucescens, E. Meyer in Drége,

Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 95. Aecanthodinm glaueum, Nees in

DC. Prod. xi. 277. Blepharis glauca, T. Anders. in Journ, Linn.

Soe. vii. 36.

SoutH AFRIcA: without precise locality. Masson !

Western ReGion: Little Namaqualand ; Uitkomst, 2000-3020 ft., Dréye,

Kook Fontein, 3000-1000 ft., Drage

3. A. Disperma (Nees in DO. Prod. xi. 278) ; stemless; leaves

31 by 2 in., sinuate, spinous-toothed, minutely hairy; spikes 3-5,

sessile on the crown of the root, 24 by 12 in., very dense, resembling

teazel heads ; bracts (without the teeth + by Lin., primary teeth 5,

Janceolate, 4-1 in. long, pinnatifid-spinous, with 3-4-celled white

hairs, secondary teeth up to + in. long apparently forming an inner

row, spinescent ; bracteoles 2 in, long, linear, hairy; calyx hairy

. . . 2

without and within; anticous segment 3 in. long; corolla $ in. long,

bluish ; lip narrow-obovate, obtusely 3-lobed ; capsule 2

. : ve 5 in. long,

ellipsoid, flattened, shining-brown, 2-seeded; seeds covered with

bundles of long hairs, each spirally thickened within, elastically

separating when wetted, 7. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 37;

Schinz in Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxxi. 201; Lindau in Engl.

§ Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 319, 281, fig. 110, D. Acanthodium

dipsaceum, E. Meyer in Driye, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 92,

161. Acanthopsis ( genus), Harv. in Hook. Lond. Journ. i

(1842) 28.

WesTERN Recion: Namaqnaland ; between Holgat River and Oran

000-1500 ft., Drége ! Groot (Gamtoos) River, Niven, 25!

ge River,

Acanthopsis. | ACANTHACE® (Clarke), 35

The specific name “‘ dipsaceum” was printed twice by E. Meyer, and refers to

the resemblauce of the spikes to the heads of teazel. In founding the genus

Acanthopsis, Harvey created no species, but he mis-cited ‘ Acanthodium

dixpermum”; succeeding authors have not gone further back than this,

4. A. hoffmannseggiana (C. B. Clarke); leaves subpinnatifid,

doubly spinous-toothed ; bracts viscid with gland-tipped hairs besides

short white hairs; otherwise as A. Disperma, Nees. A. cardutfolia,

Schinz in Verh, Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxxi, 200 partly. Acan-

thodium hofimannseggianum, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 277 ; Sender tn

Linnea, xxiii. 93. Blepharis carduifolia, T. Anders. in Journ.

Linn. Soc. vii. 35 partly.

Katanart ReGton: Griqnaland West, Hay Div.; Kloof Village in the

Asbestos Mountains, Burchell, 1654! Prieska Div.; Zand Valley, Burchell,

1632/2! Griqua ‘Town, Mrs. Urpen in Bolus Herb., 6476 !

5. A. horrida (Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 278); branches 4—10 in.

long, stout, divided, grey puberulous from minute white deflexed

hairs; internodes 3-1 in. long; leaves 2-2! by +-i in. coarsely

sinuate-toothed, strongly spinous, most minutely pubescent ; spikes

terminal, subses-ile, up to 21 by 1 in., dense, softly hairy; bract

(without the spines) } by } in.; primary terminal spines 5, 4-1 in,

long, pinnatifid, with many long white hairs ; secondary spines much

shorter; calyx, corolla, capsule and seeds nearly as of A. Disperma.

T. Anders. tn Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 36; Schinz in Verh. Bot. Ver.

Brandenb, xxxi. 201; Lindau in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv.

3B, 319. Dilivaria horrida, Nees in Linnea, xv. 363; Drége, in

Linnea, xx. 200. <Acanthodium plumosum, FE. Meyer in Drége, Zwei

Pflanzengeoyr. Documente, 67, 161. A. plumulosum, E. Meyer ex

Nees in DU. Prod. xi. 278.

Western Recion: Little Namaqualand; Kamies Berg, 3000-4000 ft., Drage.

6. A. trispina (C. B. Clarke); bract (without the teeth) 3 by

& in.; terminal primary spines 3, } in. long, scarcely toothed,

sparingly white hairy ; otherwise as A. horrida.

Sourn AFrRIca: without precise locality, Mund !

7. A. spathularis (Schinz in Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxxi.

201) ; shrubby, erect; stem silky-hoary ; leaves lanceolate, sinuate-

toothed, spinous, velvety; spikes lateral and terminal, subsessile,

globose; bracts broad wedge-shaped, truncate, with 5 terminal

spines and strong intermediate spines, central spine of the upper

bracts foliaceous spathulate- lanceolate mucronate. Lindau in Engl.

$ Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 319. Acanthus spathularis, E, Meyer

tn Drége, Zwei Pfhlanzengevgr. Documente, 91, 161. Acanthodium

spathulare, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 277. Blepharis spathularis,

L. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 35.

Western Recion: Little Namaqualand; Silver Fontein, 2000-3000 ft.

Drége.

No example seen; the above Reveript ion copied from Nees,

36 ACANTHACE® (Clarke). [Acanthus.

XI. ACANTHUS, Linn.

Anticous filaments not bifid, i.e. without a process at the top. Style

without glandular hollows at the base; branches 2, most minute, sub-

equal. Seeds without hairs, reticulated like brain-coral; otherwise

as Blepharis or Acanthopsis.

Usually larger plants with larger flowers than the two preceding genera.

Species 10; from the Mediterranean to South Africa, South-east Asia and

Polynesia.

1. A. ilicifolius (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 892) ; glabrous, except the

minutely ciliate calyx ; stems 2-4 ft. long; leaves 4-6 by 2-21 in.,

usually coarsely pinnatifid spinous-toothed like holly-leaves (but

plants without spines occur); spikes 3 by 1-13 in.; bract and

bracteo'es }~} in, long, ovate ; calyx 1-2 in. long; corolla 1-12 in.

long, blue ; capsule up to 12 by 2 in. ; seeds usually 4, 7’. Anders.

in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 36; C. B. Clarke in Hook. J. Fl. Brit. Ind.

iv. 481, and in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 108; Lindau in Engl. &

Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 319. Dilivaria tlicifolia, Juss. Gen.

103; Nees in Linnea, xv. 363, and in DC. Prod. xi, 268 3 Wight,

Ie. Pl, t. 459,

Coast REcion: Uitenhage, Wendemann. Introduced.

A native of the Seashores of India, Malay Archipelago, and Australia,

XII. SCLEROCHITON, Hary.

Bract elliptic or obovate, obtuse ; bracteoles 2, nearly as ong as

the bract, oblong. Sepals 5, free (or very nearly so), longer

than the bracts, elliptic or lanceolate, inner narrower. Corolla short-

tubed, 1-lipped ; lip obovate with 3-5 rounded lobes. Stamens 4 ;

anthers short, ovoid-triangular, l-celled, a row of short hairs near

the slit; filaments not branched at the top; pollen minute, short

ellipsoid with 3 longitudinal chinks, Style without glandular

hollows at the base; branches 2, subequal, short ; ovules 2 or 1 in

each cell. Capsule (where known) 2-seeded ; seeds without hairs.

Without spines ; flowers in spikes,

Species 9; in Tropical and South Africa.

1. S. harveyanus (Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 279); undershrub

2-6 ft. high; branches densely pubescent or hairy ; leaves 1-11 by

1 in. (or in some examples hardly half so large), elliptic or ovate,

subobtuse, glabrescent, entire or wavy crenulate; petiole 0-2 in.

long, hairy ; flowers axillary, solitary, or running into spikes at the

ends of branches ; bract 2 in. long, elliptic, obtuse ; bracteoles 2 in.

long, narrower; sepals 2 in. long, rigid, minutely pubescent, obtuse,

outer 3 obovate or elliptic, inner 2 oblong ; corolla % in. long,

purplish-blue or white; capsule 4 by % in., ellipsoid, rigid, smooth,

2-seeded ; seeds without hairs, 7’. Anders. in Journ, Linn. Soe. vii.

37 ; Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 28, t. 145; Linday in Engl. §& Prantl,

Sclerochiton.] ACANTHACES (Clarke). 37

Pflanzenfam. iv, 3B, 316. Sclerochiton (genus), Harv. in Hook.

Lond. Journ. Bot.i, (1842) 27.

Sourn Arrica: without precise locality, Drege, 4037 !

‘ CENTRAL ReGion: Somerset Div.; on the Bosch Berg, 3500 ft., MacOwan,

38!

Katawari Reaion: Transvaal ; in wooded ravines at Moodies, near Barberton,

40U0 ft., Galpin, 964!

EastEk&N KEGIon; Transkei, Mrs. Barber, 29! 36! Pondoland; Shaw-

bury, in forests, 180) ft., Bawr, 200! Natal; Inanda, Wood, 1212! and

without precise locality, Gerrard, 1678! McKen, 5!

XII. CROSSANDRA, Salish.

Bract large, ovate ; bracteoles linear, nearly as long as the bract.

Calyx 5-partite to the base; 2 anticous segments oblong, acute,

l-nerved ; posticous segment broader, 2-nerved, often 2-toothed;

2 inmost segments lanceolate, rather shorter. Corolla orange or red ;

tube long, linear; limb of 5 segments imbricate in bud. Stamens

4, subsimilar; anthers L-celled; pollen oblong, with 3 longitudinal

(often very slender) chinks. Ovary oblong, with 2 ovules in each

cell; stigma obscurely 2-tid. Capsule oblong-ellipsoid, usually

4-seeded. Seeds with fringed scales or tufts of hairs which are

slightly hygroscopic.

Shrubs; leaves entire ; flowers in strobilate spikes.

Species 14, African or Mascarene, 1 of these extending to India,

1. C. Greenstockii (S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1880, 37) ; pubescent ;

stems 6-12 in. long; leaves usually 4-6 in. long, narrowly elliptic,

tapering to the base, nearly glabrous beneath when mature ; peduncles

0-6 in. long; spikes 1-6 by §-1 in. dense; bract ¢ in. long,

herbaceous, ovate, hairy, margins with several innocuous teeth;

bracteoles linear, nearly as long as the bract; posticous calyx-segment

1 in. long, 2-nerved, ending in 2 spinous hairy teeth; corolla red

(orange to bright scarlet, from notes of collectors) ; tube { in. long ;

segments } in. long, turned to one side; anthers slightly hairy ;

pistil glabrous, except for a few hairs towards the base of the style ;

capsule 2 by } in., 4-seeded. Lindau in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzen-

fam. iv. 3B, 319, and in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 370; C. B. Clarke

in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 118.

Sourn Arrica: without precise locality, Mrs. Saunders, 167 (t2 Wood Herb.,

3894) !

nts dope Reewn; Transvaal; Pilgrims Rest, Greenstock ! near Pretoria,

MacLea in Bolus Herb., 3388! near Lydenburg, Atherstone! Wilms, 1207!

Bosch Veld, at Menaars Farm, Rehmann, 4378! near Barberton, 2500-3000 ft.,

Galpin, 491! Crocodile River, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 3978! Olifants River

District, Hartebeest River, Nelson, 405! Nyl River near Makapans Kraals,

Nelson, 92! : :

Eastern Recton: Natal; Tugela River, Gerrard, 1679!

Also frequent in Tropical East Africa.

In Gerrard, 1679, the leaves are small (14 in. long), hairy beneath ; the calyx-

segments are long-aristate at the tip, the posticous segment 2-aristate. This

plant has been set aside as ‘‘ distinct,” but there are similar (and intermediate)

torms in Tropical Africa.

38 ACANTHACEE (Clarke). [Crabbea.

XIV. CRABBEA, Harv. partly.

Bracts large, ovate or oblong, often spine-toothed; bracteoles 0.

Calyx divided nearly to the base; segments 5, linear, aristate, with

long unicellular hairs; posticous segment more lanceolate at the

base. Corolla 1—% in. long, white or pale pink; tube eylindric,

funnel-shaped upwards; anticous lip 3-lobed, fulded down over the

other in bud. Stamens 4, subsimilar; anther-cells 2, at nearly

equal height, muticous at the base; pollen globose, reticulate.

Ovary glabrous ; ovules 4—2 in each cell ; style glabrous, articulated

on the ovary ; 1 stigmatic lobe a short oblong plate, the other absent.

Capsule small, narrow-oblong, 8~4-seeded; seeds discoid, covered

with hygroscopic hairs.

Low shrubs; hairs simple, leaves entire, obtuse; inflorescence in dense

compound axillary or peduncled heads; floral leaves (bracts of authors) ovate,

outer very large empty, inner containing apparently a cluster of 3-5 flowers,

which really form a condensed unilateral raceme ; proper bract to each flower

linear-lanceolate or 0.

Species 8, in South and East Tropical Africa, very closely allied.

The stems often grow on, above the highest axil that carries a head, the leaves

above the head being much narrower than those below.

Floral leaves with innocuous marginal spines ;

Leaves ovate or oblong :

Leaves 1-4 in. long:

Outer floral leaves papery, minutely

hairy ... ee as oie ss (1) Bana,

Outer floral leaves herbaceous, softly

heity.... ees ue <i --. (2) hirsuta.

Leaves 6 in. long... re bis ... (3) robusta.

Leaves, at least the upper, linear “e ... (4b) angustifolia.

Floral leaves without marginal spines; heads pe-

duncled ;

Leaves elliptic or somewhat obovate... .-. (5) peduuculata.

Leaves linear... (6) Galpinii.

1. C. nana (Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 162); branches 2-12 in. long,

trailing, flexuose ; leaves up to 4 by 12 in., oblong-elliptic, when

mature scabrid on the nerves beneath or nearly glabrous, base narrowed :

petiole 0—§ in. long; heads 1-2 in. in diam., sessile or short-

peduneled ; outer floral leaves 11 by 2 in., acute, finally glabrescent,

papery, marginal spinescent teeth 3-1 in. long; calyx-segments

+ in. long, usually thinly hairy at the top, sometimes densely hairy to

the base; corolla = in. long; capsule 2 in. long. J. Anders. in

Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 32 ; Lindau in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

iv. 3B, 313; C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fl. drop, Afr. ¥. 118... 6,

cirsioides, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 163. Ruellia nana, Nees in Linnea,

xv. 355; EH. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 135,

aS R. cirsioides, Nees in Linnea, xv. 354 ; Drége in Linnea,

xx. 200.

Coast Recion: Humansdorp Diy.; between Galgebosch and Melk Ri

Burchell, 4765! Alexandria Divy.; Zuurberg hinge 2000-8000 ft., hed

—_ Albany ; Glenfilling, 1000 ft., Drége ! Queenstown Diy. (Tambukiland) ;

eyher !

Crabbeu. | ACANTHACE# (Clarke). 39

Katanart Reeron: Orange River Colony; Bloemfontein, Rehmann, 3838 !

Seven Fountains, Burke! Vet River, Burke! Vaal River, Burke! Transvaal ;

Black Kopies, 4700 ft., Schlechter, 4174! Lydenburg, Wilms, 1205!

Eastern Reeion: Tembuland; grassy places near Bazeia Mountains,

2000 ft., Baur, 65! Griqualand East; on the sides of mountains near Matatiele,

5000 ft., Tyson, 1633 ! Kokstad, 4500 ft., Tyson, 1158! Natal; bank of the Tugela

River, 4000 ft., Wood, 3635! near Colenso, 8000 ft., Wood, 4423! and

without precise locality, Sutherland !

Also in Tropical Africa. "

In the type of C. nana, the branches have not grown on much above the sessile

heads of flowers ; in C. cirsioides the branches continued beyond the heads have

longer internodes and narrower leaves,

2. C. hirsuta (Harv. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. i. (1842) 27);

mature leaves hairy on the lower surface ; heads sessile or shortly

peduucled ; outermost floral leaves herbaceous with long white hairs;

otherwise as C. nana, Nees. Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 163; Lindau in

Engl. Jahrb. xviii, 63, t. 1, fig. 28, and in Engl. § Prantl, Pflan-

zenfam. iv. 3B, 313; T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 32 ; C. B.

Clarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 119. C. ovalifolia, Fie. et Hiern

in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. ii. 24, t. 6, fig. A.

Coast Recion: Alexandria Div.; Zuurberg Range, 2000 ft., Bolus, 9124!

Komgha Div.; Kei River mouth, Flanagan, 1163!

KaLanarRi Reeion: ‘Transvaal; hill-sides near Barberton, 3000-3500 ft,

Galpin, 856! 1303! hill-sides near Johannesberg, 5000 ft., — Galpin, 1399a!

near Lydenberg, Wilms, 1206! Bosch Veld, between Elands River and Klippan,

Rehmann, 5050! : ,

Eastern Reeion: Transkei; between Gekau (Gceua or Geun) River and

Basche River, 1000-2000 ft., Drése! Griqualand East; near Clydesdale,

2500-3000 ft., Tyson, 2799! MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Ajr., 762!

828! Natal; near Maritzburg, Wood, 3170! Clairmont, 100 ft., Wood, 646!

Maxwell, Ixopo, 4000-5000 ft., Evans, 636! and without precise locality, Cooper,

3041! Peddie! Williamson!

The ordinary habit of this species is to have trailing flexaose branches 8-12 in.

long, exactly as in the form ‘‘ cirsioides”’ of C. nana, without heads of flowers in

the upper axils; this is C. ovalifolia, as correctly figured l.c., the leaves in

which are not strictly ovate, i.e. they are not wider towards the base. Galpin’s

1399a has narrowly oblong leaves, and is intermediate between C. hirsuta and

C. angustifolia.

3. C. robusta (N. E. Brown) ; branch } in. in diam. 5 apparently

1-2 ft. long, thinly hirsute; leaves up to 6 by 24 in, oblique

elliptic, obtuse, narrowed at the base, when mature nearly glabrate

beneath exeept the midrib; petioles } in. long; heads in

appearance terminal on stout peduncles 1-3 in. long ; outer floral

leaves 11 by 1-1 in., elongate narrow triangular, slightly hairy,

marginal teeth weak, hardly } in. long; proper bracts and calyx

nearly as in (. hirsuta, with many hairs ; corolla 1 in. long.

Eastern Reqion: Swaziland; Horo Concession, 2000 ft., Galpin, 1265!

4. C. angustifolia (Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 163); lower leaves

narrowly ma heed up to 2 in. broad, sterile shoots produced beyond

the heads with linear leaves 3 by }—} in., often undulate subcrenulate

40 ACANTHACEH (Clarke). [ Crabbea.

on the margins; otherwise as C. hirsuta, Nees. Harv. Thes. Cap.

1. 40, t. 64; 7’. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc, vii.32; Engl. in Engl.

Jahrb. x. 263. @. undulatifolia, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 263;

Lindau in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 313.

South Arrica: without precise locality, but probably from the Magalies -

Berg, Zeyher, 1412!

Katanart Recion: Griqualand West; Groot Boetsap, 4000 ft., Marloth,

965! Bechuanaland ; Mafeking, 4200 ft., Bolus, 6413! Groot Fontein, 400J ft.,

Marloth, 1079; Transvaal ; Magalies Berg, Burke, 495!

5. C. pedunculata (N. E. Brown); stems 2-6 in. long; leaves

2-5) in. long, narrowly or broadly elliptic, obtuse, narrowed to

the base, when mature nearly glabrous beneath ; petioles O-1 in.

long ; peduncles 1-4} in. long; outer floral leaves 1 by 4-2 in.,

ovate, acute, more or less hairy, without marginal spines; flowers

nearly as in C. nana.

Eastern Reaion: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 365! Krantz Kloof, 5000 ft.,

Schlechter, 3210! and without precise locality, Sanderson, 466!

6. C. Galpinii (C. B. Clarke) ; branches 3 in. long; leaves 2 by tin.,

linear ; peduncle 1 in. long; heads small; outer floral leaves 3 by

3 I., ovate, acute, sparsely hairy, without marginal spines; corolla

white, scarcely 2 in. long.

Katauari Reeion: Transvaal, Barberton, 2800 ft., Galpin, 1148!

This may possibly prove to be a variety of C. pedunculata from which it differs

as C. angustifolia differs from C. hirsuta. The heads, floral leaves, and flowers are

considerably smaller than in any other species of Crabbea, but the single branch

perhaps is only a ‘‘ depauperated ’”’ example.

XV. GLOSSOCHILUS, Nees.

_ Calyx 5-partite to the base; segments linear. Corvlla medium-

sized ; tube gradually enlarged from the base much swollen at the

top; limb of 5 segments (not contorted in the bud) evidently

2-lipped ; anticous lip 3-lobed, the central lobe ovate, twice as broad

as the lateral. Stamens 4; anther-cells 2, one much below the

other, both minutely mucronate at the base ; pollen nearly globose

with 2 large pores and indistinct bands. Ovary with 2 ovules in

each cell, glabrous except near the style-base ; style-branches 2,

subequal. Capsule narrowly-ellipsoid, shortly stalked, 4-seeded.

Seeds much flattened, smooth, the thickened margins without hairs,

A small shrub; leaves narrow, glabrescent

approximated towards the ends of the branch

reduced upper leaf; bracteoles 0.

Species 1, endemic,

The material is small, and the wstivation of the corolla not sallow th

é ugh, fid

Bentham, not contorted) ; the anticous lip is probably wholl seh pra —

shee gens eins by he ng nee from Ruelliopsis and Ruellia, and by its

seeds from Dyschoriste. 1€ corolla should reall 4 v1

cannot be placed in any one of these genera, really prove to be contorted it

3 flowers solitary, axillary, a few

es ; the bract, or floral leaf, is a

Glossochilus. | ACANTHACES® (Clarke). 41

1. G. Burchellii (Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 83) ; branches 4-6 in.

long, woody, glabrate ; leaves $ by 3-4 in., narrowly cuneate-oblong,

obtuse, glabrate; petiole 0-1 in. long; bract 3 by ; in. ; ealyx-

segments exceeding 1 in. in length, densely white-hairy on the

margins; corolla 2 in. long; tube nearly } in. long, middle lobe of

the anticous lip more than } in. broad at the base; capsule 4—} in.

long. Lindau in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 312.

Karanart Recion: Griqualand West, Hay Div.; plains between Griqna

Town and Witte Water, Burchell, 1976! Bechuanaland ; near Kuruman, Burchell,

2434! near the source of the Kuruman River, Burchell, 2471! Hamapery, near

Kuruman, Burchell, 2439 !

XVI. ASYSTASIA, Blume.

Bracts small, or in A. Schimperi large ; bracteoles minute or 0, or

in A. Schimperi longer than the calyx. Calyx small, divided to the

base ; segments 5, equal, linear. Corolla curved, one-sided but not

(or most obscurely) 2-lipped ; tube long, at the base linear or narrow-

cylindric, in the upper half much inflated (except in A. stenosiphon) ;

segments 5, not very unequal; anticous wholly outside in the bud.

Stamens 4, perfect, subsimilar ; anther-cells oblong or linear, at equal

height or one a little lower than the other, muticous or minutely

tailed at the base; pollen oblong or subglobose, with longitudinal

smooth bands or grooves which reach (or nearly reach) the poles,

stopples 2 or 3. Ovary with 2 ovules in each cell; stigmas 2, very

small, subequal, oblong. Capsule 4-seeded at the top on a long solid

stalk, flattened laterally; seeds flattened, wrinkled or tubereled,

without hygroscopic hairs.

Herbs ‘or shrubs; leaves entire, often wavy or irregularly toothed on the

margin ; inflorescence various.

Species 35, in the warmer parts of the Old World.

’ The genus is here defined by the corolla not contorted nor 2-lipped, the

4 perfect stamens, the capsule 4-seeded at the top. Mackaya is kept separate,

for convenience, as having only 2 fertile stamens. Lindau has put Mackaya in a

separate tribe on pollen characters only. The structure of the pollen appears to

me essentially the same in Asystasia and in Mackaya, the question whether the

sinooth longitudinal bands reach the pole or not is (for me) not essential, nor

always easy to see. Moreover, in A. natalensis, A. stenosiphon and others, the

pollen is that of Mackaya rather than of A. coromandeliana.

Racemes terminal, loose ; bracts inconspicuous :

Stems and capsules pubescent : :

Lower leaves petioled, ovate... ... (1) coromandeliana.

Lower leaves subsessile, oblong ... ... (2) natalensis.

Stems and capsules glabrous or very nearly so : :

Corolla 1 in. long; tube very narrow ... (3) stenosiphon.

Corolla 1} in. long; tube inflated up-

wa ae Ka “ es ... (4) varia.

Spikes terminal, dense ; bracts much exceeding the : :

calyx oe mae va res ae ... (5) Schimperi.

Peduncles axillary, long, slender with about

2 flowers ... ei : ss ws» (6) subbifiora,

42 ACANTHACEX (Clarke). [Asystasia.

1. A. coromandeliana (Nees in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. iii. 89) ;

sparsely pubescent, perennial ; branches 1-3 ft. long; leaves 3 by

1 in., ovate, suddenly narrowed at the base; petiole 0-2 in. long;

racemes 2—6 in. long, one-sided, terminal or in a terminal panicle ;

lower flowers distant ; pedicels up to 4,1 in. long; bracts minute ;

sepals } in. long, linear-lanceolate, pubescent; corolla from lurid

purple to pale yellow, 2-11 in. in total length; tube broadly

cylindric, inflated for 3 its length; anthers muticous; ovary and

style-base pubescent; capsule 1 in. long, pubescent; seeds 2 in.

in diam. Nees in DO. Prod. xi. 165; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f.

Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 493, and in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 131; Schinz

in Mém. Herb. Boiss. x. 64. A. gangetica, T. Anders. in Thwaites,

Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 235, and in Journ. Linn, Soc. vii. 52; Lindau in

Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 63, t. i. fig. 49, in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

iv. 3B, 326, fig. 131, and in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. 0. 370; Schinz in

Mém. Herb. Boiss, x. 64. A. capensis, Nees in Linnea, xv. 356,

and in DC. Prod. xi. 167. Justicia gangetica, Linn. Amen. Acad.

iv. 299. Ramusia nyctaginea, E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengengr.

Documente, 150, 160. 215. Dyschoriste biloba and Ruellia biloba,

Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 72.

Coast Recion ;: Ceres Div. ; Mosterts Hoek, 3500 ft., Schlechter, 317!

Eastern REcion: Pondoland; St. Johns River, below 1000 ft., Drége!

Port St. John, 50 ft., Galpin, 3402! Natal; Inanda, Word, 147! Coastland,

Sutherland ! near Durban, 150 ft., Wood in MacOwan & Bolus Herb. Norm.

Aust.-Afr.,1003! Krauss, 262! Drege! and without precise locality, Peddie!

Plant, 55! Grant! Delagoa Bay, Forbes! Junod, Kuntze.

Widely spread throughout Africa and India,

This is a weed that has been divided into numerous species, the corolla varying

much in size and colour, The pollen is oblong-ellipsoid, banded, with 2 stopples,

and is correctly figured by Lindau in his picture cited.. The description of the

pellen of the genus Asystasia by me in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 130, is taken

from other species there included in the genus, and is not correct for A.

coromandeliana,

2. A. natalensis (C. B. Clarke) ; branches quadrangular, pubescent ;

upper internodes 33 in. long; stem-leaves 2 by 4 in. oblong-

_ lanceolate, obtuse, subsessile ; inflorescence as of A. coromandeliana,

but much more densely pubescent ; corolla + in. long, rather slender ;

stamens 4, fertile, subsimilar; anthers oblong, at equal height,

muticous; pollen subglobose, bands not reaching the pole, stopples

large ; capsule 4-seeded, on a solid stalk, densely pubescent.

Eastern Reeion: Natal; without precise locality, Gerrard, 1680!

The leaves of A. coromandeliana when subsessile are ovate; the present plant

has Poe pan of Mackaya (not of A. coromandeliana), but the stopples (I believe)

are 2 only.

3. A. stenosiphon (C. B. Clarke); nearly glabrous, except the

corolla ; leaves 21 by 3 in., elongate-triangular, widest close to the

truncate (sometimes subcordate) base ; petioles 0-1 in. long ; inflores-

cence, bracts, and calyx nearly as of A. curomandeliana - corolla 1 in.

in total length ; tube linear, hardly rs in, in diam., funnel-shaped in

Asystasia. | ACANTHACEZ (Clarke), 43

the upper 4; ovary glabrous; pollen subglobose, bands not reach-

ing the pole, stopples 3; capsule 3-2 in. long, glabrous, with a

cylindric stalk.

EastEeRN Recion: Fort Beaufort Div.; Koonap Heights, Bawr, 271!

The pollen is as that of Mackaya.

4. A, varia (N. E. Brown in Gard. Chron. xii. (1892), 760) ;

sparsely pubescent ; leaves varying on one stem from ovate to linear,

i.e. from 14 by 11 in. to 4} by 4 in., margins undulate or obscurely

toothed ; petioles 1—% in. long; raceme terminal, 14-31 in. long,

loose, 4—8- flowered ; pedicels 0-4 in. long; bracts hardly 2} in long,

narrow ; calyx 1in. long, divided nearly to the base into 5 linear

segments ; corolla 12 in. long, slightly curved, hardly 2-lipped ;

tube much dilated in the upper half; lobes 5, ovate, nearly equal,

pale mauve with dark brown veins; stamens 4, similar; anther-cells

at nearly equal height; pollen ellipsoid, banded ; capsule 1 in. long,

4-seeded, nearly glabrous ; linear-cylindric stalk } in, long.

Eastern Reoion: Zululand; in woods at Entumeni, Wvod, 3976! Natal or

Zululand ; without precise locality, Gerrard, 1683!

5. A. Schimperi (T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 53) ; erect

branched annual 6-18 in. high, young parts hispid-pubescent ;

leaves up to 38-2 by 1 in., ovate or oblong, narrowed at both ends;

petioles 0-1 in. long ; spikes terminal, 1-2 in. long, rather dense ;

bracts up to 3-2 by 2 in. narrowly elliptic, bracteoles 4 in. long,

falcate-lanceolate ; calyx-segments + in. long, linear; corolla small,

pink ; tube 2 in. long, dilated upwards; stamens 4, subsimilar ;

anther-cells one a little below the other, minutely mucronate at the

base ; pollen broadly oblong, trigonous, with 3 stopples, the smooth

bands hardly reaching the pole; capsule } in. long, 4-seeded,

minutely pubescent, linear-cylindric base hardly 3 in. long; seeds

flattened, coarsely tubercled. C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr.

v. 135 including var. Grantii, C. B. Clarke. Adhatoda rostrata,

Solms-Laub. in Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 104; Lindau in

Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 325.

Eastern Reoion: Natil; Phoenix Station, 400-500 ft., Wool, 4967 partly!

and without precise loca ity, Gerrard, 181!

Frequent in Hast Tropical Africa.

These Natal examples must be at least 18 in. high, and are var. Grantii

(C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 135). There have been distributed two

very different plants under Wood, 4967. One is the present species, as see

Lindau in Enel. Jahrb. xxii. 118; the other, on which Schinz founded his

Calophanes crenatus is a true Calophanes (now termed Dyschoriste), for which,

see above, p. 16.

6. A. subbiflora (C. B. Clarke); glabrous, except the corolla;

branches 1 ft. long, trailing, flexuose, 4-angular and sub-4-winged,

internodes 1-21 in, long; leaves 1} by } in., oblong, obtuse, much

tapering at the base so that the petiole is obscure ; peduncles axillary,

2 in, long, slender, 2-flowered ; bracts { in. long, linear; pedicels

4 ACANTHACEE (Clarke). [ Asystasiu.

% in. long; ealyx divided nearly to the base, glabrous, segments

exceeding 4 in. long, linear, scarcely lanceolate at the base; corolla

% in. long, pubescent without, pale blue, very nearly as that of

A. coromandeliana; stamens 4, subsimilar; anthers linear-oblong,

muticous, one a little below the other; pollen oblong, banded,

with 2 stopples; ovary and style glabrous 3 stigmas 2, very small,

oblong.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; Upper Moodies, near Barberton, in stony

ground, 4500 ft., Galpin, 1272!

The inflorescence is that of 4. ansellioides, C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Afr. v. 136,

XVII. MACK AYA, Harv.

Corolla somewhat curved, hardly 2-lipped ; tube much inflated in

the upper half ; lobes 5, ovate, not very unequal. Stamens 2 fertile,

2 represented by linear filaments without rudiments of an anther :

anthers at equal height, muticous ; pollen subglobose, with 3 pores,

the bands not reaching the pole; seeds hardly rugose; otherwise as

Asystasia.

Species, beside the one here described, 3 Indian.

This genus differs from Asystasia by having 2 fertile stamens only, from

Eranthemum by the upper half of the corolla-tube being swollen. Graptophyllum

differs little, but by the strongly 2-lipped corolla. The other 3 species of the

genus are Thyrsacanthus indicus, Nees, Eranthemum indicum, Collett & Hemsl.

(in Journ. Linn. Soc, xxviii. 105, not of C. R. Clarke), and Eranthemum lateri«

florum, C. B. Clarke. The pollen does not diffur from that of some Asystasias.

1, M. bella (Harv. Thes. Cap. i. 8, t. 13); nearly glabrous ;

leaves 5 by 1} in., narrowed at both ends, margins crenate or very

obtusely toothed ; petioles 4-3 In. long; raceme terminal, 4-6 in.

long, loose, of 4-12-flowers ; pedicels 0—j in, long, in opposite pairs ;

bracts hardly 2 in. long, linear; calyx 1 in. long, divided nearly to

the base into 5 linear segments; corolla 13-2 in. long, curved but

only obscurely 2-lipped, pale lilac ; tube linear-cylindric in the lower

half, campanulate in the upper; lobes ovate, not very unequal ;

anthers } in. long ; capsule 1} in. long, 4-seeded, nearly glabrous,

cylindric stalk & in. long; seeds nearly smooth. J. Anders. in

Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 53; Lindau in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

iv. 3B, 336, fiy. 135, A; Bot. Mag. t. 5797. Asystasia sp., Benth.

et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 1095.

Eastern Recion: Natal; Kruis Fontein, Tongat, Sanderson, 167! Umvoti

eg Adlam in MacOwan & Bolus Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 240! Inanda, Wood,

1¢2

XVIII. BARLERIA, Linn.

Bract a spine or a leaf, entire, toothed or pinnatifid, a second

sterile bract often present; bracteoles 0, Calyx large, of 4 distinct

segments; anticous segment of 2 sepals united nearly or frequently

Barleria.] AcANTHACEEX (Clarke), 45

quite to the tip with 1 mid-nerve; posticous segment of nearly

equal length, rather narrower; 2 inner segments much smaller.

Corolla with a cylindric tube, 2-lipped or subequally 5-fid ;

segments not contorted in bud. Stamens 2 perfect, 2 rudimentary

often added ; anther-cells 2, parallel at equal height, not spurred at

the base; pollen globose, honeycombed. Ovary with 2 (or 1)

ovules in each cell; style long; stigmas 2, short or subconfluent.

Capsule either ovoid 2-seeded, or ellipsoid 4-seeded; flattened,

sometimes (when 2-seeded) beaked, usually hard and shining ; seeds

large, shaggy with hygroscopic hairs.

Inflorescence (when fully developed) of axillary often scorpioid cymes, sometimes

forming dense 1-sided many-flowered strobilate spikes, sometimes reduced to

3-2-flowered clusters or (apparently) solitary flowers; the axillary quasi-solitary

flowers again not rarely ranning into terminal heads or spikes.

Species 120, mostly in Africa and Tropical Asia, a few in America.

Series A. Interpetiolar spines (i.e. reduced leaves of sterile shoots or outer-

most bracts of axillary flowers or inflorescences) often present. Posticous sepal

spine-tipped or with teeth on its margin.

Section 1. Prrionitis. Lower ovule in each cell minute or 0 3 capsule never

having more than 2 seeds, ovoid with conic beak Posticous sepal spine-tipped or

mucronate, without teeth on itsmargin, Corolla in the Cape species yellow.

Corolla 2-lipped ; 4 posticous segments in llip .., (1) Prionitis.

Corolla subequally 5-fid; tube long linear sentra) Holubii.

Section 2. AcanrHorpea. Ovary with 2 similar ovules in each cell; capsule

often 4-seeded. Posticous sepal usually prominently (rarely obscurely) toothed

on its margins. Corolla in the Cape species blue-purplish (or white),

Leaves less than 1 in. long ; small shrubs; racemes

few-flowered :

Leaves ovate to lanceolate; prickly harsh

plants :

Posticous sepal spinous-ciliate on the

margins:

Branches and leaves hispid beneath... (3) pungens.

Branches and leaves pubescent beneath (4) irritans.

Posticous sepul obscurely or obsoletely

toothed... ca es is ... (5) stimulans.

Leaves linear to linear-oblong; twiggy, less

harsh, plants : :

Corolla-tube in. long... sie ... (6) Virgula. :

Corolla-tube Zin. long... bie ... (7) bechuanensis,

Leaves, many of them, 1 iv. long; racemes few-

flowered : :

Posticous sepal not (or rarely obscurely) spine-

toothed ... ae des abe ee ... (8) acanthoides,

Posticous sepal deeply and rigidly spine-

toothed... vel a ee --. (9) elegans.

Posticous sepal with many short innocuous

teeth:

Innovations and young leaves without

stellate hairs:

Bracts to raceme subspinous; leaves

(some of them) petioled ;

Corolla 1} in. long; petioles less ee

than 2 in. moe sist (10) Gueinzii,

Corolla 12? in. long; petioles up

to4 Ay Son eo ue ... (11) barbata,

46 ACANTHACE® (Clarke). [Barleria.

Bracts to heads more spinous ; leaves

all subsessile :

Posticous sepal $ to 1d in. long... (12) Woodii.

Posticous sepal less than ? in.

longs: a ie ... (13) jasminiflora,

“ Innovations and young leaves densely

stellate-hairy ss ‘@ ... (14) affinis.

Leaves usually less than 1 in. long; racemes

normally many-flowered, in fruit very thick;

trailing plants:

Thinly hispid; posticous sepal with short

spine-tip pte ase as -“ ... (15) macrostegia.

Villous ; posticous sepal with long spine-tip :

Posticous sepal strongly spine-toothed on the

... (16) lichtensteiniana.

margins ie i es ae

Posticous sepal softly villous, not toothed on

the margin ... a ah ee ... (17) media,

Series B. Spineless. Posticous sepal without teeth (or very obscurely

toothed) on its margin.

Flowers mainly in long terminal spikes :

Spikes long-cylindric ..., ee eos ... (18) crossandriformis,

Spikes ovoid ies “os us Sis ... (19) ovata.

Flowers in loose cymes obs ae .+» (29) ovtusa.

Flowers solitary or in small clusters :

Plants, especially the inflorescence, hairy :

Capsule glabrous, or very nearly so :

Leaves narrowed into a very short

petiole :

Stem thinly hispid; corolla blue (21) meyeriana.

Stem densely and minutely grey-

hairy; corolla yellow... .-. (22) cinereicaulis.

Leaves subsessile, almost rounded at

the base Bas aug in ... (23) Rehmanni.

Capsule densely hairy upwards... ... (24) pretoriensis.

Plants very nearly glabrous :

Leaves subsessile, rounded at the base ... (25) Wilmsii.

Leaves narrowed at the base into a petiole

0-} in. long ie ay a .-» (26) Galpioii.

1. B. Prionitis (Lion. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 636, ed. ii. 887); glabrous

or nearly so; stems 1-3 ft. high; leaves 2-5 by 4-1 in., elliptic,

narrowed at both ends, mucronate ; petiole 0-1 in. long; inter-

petiolar spines (i.e. basal bracts to the inflorescence of the succeed-

ing year) simple, rigid, 1-3 in. long; inflorescence reduced nearly to

a simple spike; lower flowers more or less distant, sometimes 2 in

each axil; flower-bract similar to the external bract, but rather

longer, dilated lanceolate at the base; posticous sepal nearly 2 in.

lony, elliptic, acuminate, mucronate, without teeth on its margins ;

anticous calyx-segment resembling the’ posticous sepal sometimes

ending in 2 short spinous teeth; corolla yellow; tube hardly } in.

long ; posticous lip of + connate segments 4-1 in. long; anticous

segment clawed, shorter; capsule 1-2 in. long, ovoid-conic, beaked,

2-seeded. Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 237; T. Anders. in Journ. Linn.

Soe. vil. 28 (only as to non-African plants); C. B. Clarke in Hook.

J. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 483, and in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 145;

Barleria.| ACANTHACER (Clarke). 47

Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 63, t. 1, Jig. 29, and in Engl. &

Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 814, jig. 105, C, Jig. 106, B, and fig.

125, E. B. Hystrie, Linn. Mant. 89. B. prionitoides, Engl. in

Engl. Jahrb. x. 262.

Katanart Recion : Transvaal; Inkumpi River, Ne/son, 370! Olifants River,

Nelson, 400!

Also in Tropical Africa and Asia. This plant is often cultivated, and spreads

as a weed,

2. B. Holubii (C. B. Clarke); branchlets retrorsely hairy;

internodes } in. long, obovate, suddenly acuminate into a spine,

rigid, glabrate ; interpetiolar spines 1-2 in. long, simple, rigid ;

calyx-segments lanceolate, spine-tipped, without marginal teeth ;

corolla-tube 3 in. long, linear-cylindric, not dilated in the upper

part ; limb of 5 subequal rounded segments 2 in, long.

KaLanari Region: Transvaal; Marico District, Holub !

3. B. pungens (Linn. f. Suppl. 290); harsh, prickly ; branches

4-18 in, long, hispid towards the tips; leaves 3-1 in. long, sub-

sessile, ovate, acute, spine-tipped, mostly rounded at the base, hispid

beneath at least on the nerve, margin not (vr most obseurely) spine-

toothed ; racemes 8-1-flowered, axillary ; outermust bracts (or

axillary spines) mostly dilated, pinnatifid toothed near the hase ;

posticous sepal ovate, up to § by } in., spine-tipped, papery, veined,

with spinous teeth on the margin ; corolla blue; tube 2-1 in. long ;

capsule 3-2 by 2 in., ellipsoid, flattened, glabrescent, 4-seeded.

Nees in Linnea, xv. 358, and in DC. Prod. xi. 236 (excluding

var. macrophylla); T. Anders. in Journ. Linn, Soe. vii. 28;

Lindau in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. 3B, 314, not of Thunb. B.

” pungens, 8 only, E. Meyer in Dréye, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,

138, 168. Crabbea pungens, Harv. Gen. South Afr. Pl. 276. Acan-

thus procumbens, Willd. ex Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 236.

Coast Recion: Riversdale Div.; between Zoetemelks River and Little Vet

River, Burchell, 6550! Mossel Bay Div.; Little Brak River, Burchell, 6192!

Humansdorp Div. ; Gamtoos River, Niven, 22! Uitenhage Div. ; between

Uitenhage and the Drostdy Farm, Burchel/, 4453! and without precise locality,

Masson, 45! Bowie, 7! Tredgold, 35! Port Elizabeth Div.; Algoa Bay, Cooper,

3038! near Port Elizabeth, Forbes! Alexandria Div.: Sam Tees Flats near

Enon, Baur, 1093! A!bany Div.; near Grahamsiown, MacOwan ! Bowie, 7! 8!

Bothas Berg, Baur, 1093! i 2 :

CentTraL Recion: Somerset Div.; between Little Fish River and Great Fish

River, 2000-3000 ft., Drége! near Somerset, Bowker, 212! Albany Div.; be-

tween Zwartwarter Poort and ‘‘Soutars Post” (Fish River Rand), Burchell,

3445! at Kurukuru River, Burchell, 3517!

4. B. irritans (Nees in Linnea, xv. 359) ; branches nearly glabrous

or pubescent towards the tips; leaves ovate, more or less lan-

ceolate, acuminate, margins sinuate white-cartilaginous thickened,

more or less spine-toothed ; posticous sepal 3-3 by 4-4 in, elliptic-

lanceolate ; otherwise as B. pungens. Nees in DC. Prod. (xi. 236,

incl. var. B; Sonder in Linnea, xxiii, 92; T. Anders, in Journ.

48 ACANTHACEE (Clarke), [ Barleria.

Linn. Soe. vii. 28; Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 263; Lindau in

Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 314. B. pungens, Thunb.

Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 458; EH. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzen-

geogr. Documente, only 129, 168.

Var. 8, rigida (C. B. Clarke); leaves oblong, 2 by 3-2 in., nearly glabrous,

narrowed at the base into a very short petiole, margins much sinuate, more

spine-toothed. B. rigida, Nees in DC. Prod. xi.242 ; Sonder in Linnza, xxiii. 92.

Soutu AFRICA: without precise locality, Harvey /

Coast ReG@ion: Uitenhage Div.; by the Sunday River, 1000 ft., Zeyher, 1421 !

hills by the Zwartkops River, Drége /

CENTRAL ReGion: Somerset Div.; Somerset East, Bowker, 161! 65! Graaff

Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft., Bolus, 563! Var. 8: Calvinia Div.,

Springbok Kui!, 2000-3000 ft., Zeyher, 1417!

KALAHARI Reeion: Griqualand West; Groot Boetsap, 4009 ft., Marloth, 966!

Var. 8: Griqualand West; Kimberley, Mrs. Barber! Hay Div.; plains between

Griqua Town and Witte Water, Burchell, 1991 !

Westexn ReGion: Great Namaqualand; ‘Tiras, Schinz, 3!

5. B. stimulans (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docu-

mente, 61, 62, 168); woody, densely branched and thorny with

many nearly simple spines }—1 in. long; leaves 3—% in. long, ovate,

mucronate, margins without spinous teeth ; posticous sepal 1—2 by

3 m., ovate, margins not (or most obscurely) spine-toothed. Nees in

DC. Prod. xi. 241; Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 92, including var.

macracantha ; T. Anders. in Journ. Linn, Soc. vii. 28; Lindau in

Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. 3B, 315.

Sourn Arica: without precise locality, Zeyher, 1416!

CentTRAL ReGion: Prince Albert Div.; Gamka River, Burke ! Graaff Reinet

and Jansenville Divs. ; by the Sunday River, 1500-2000 ft., Drege /

Katanari ReGion: Prieska Div.; Keikams Poort (Modder Gat Poort),

Burchell, 1621!

6. B. Virgula (C. B. Clarke) ; minutely and thinly strigose with

simple white hairs; twigs 6 in. long, very slender, straight; leaves

attaining } by ;'y in., linear, nearly entire ; axillary spines 2 in. long,

subpinnatifid at the base ; flowers axillary, subsolitary ; posticous

sepal 5 in. long, lanceolate, margins with a few rigid teeth; corolla-

tube j in. long ; lobes }-} in. long; capsule rather more than + in.

long, ellipsoid, flattened, glabrous, 4-seeded.

Katanari Recion: Transvaal, Marico District, Holub !

7. B. bechuanensis (C. B. Clarke); branchlets 1-2 in. long, from

a woody stock, with minute lines of hairs; leaves attaining 1 by

7's in., linear, mucronate, glabrate, margins cartilaginous white spine-

toothed ; axillary spines } in. long, linear-lanceolate, subfoliaceous ;

flowers solitary, axillary; posticous sepal 1-1 in. long, elliptic-

lanceolate, minutely hairy, margins spine-toothed; corolla deep

blue; tube exceeding 3 in. in length, linear-cylindric to the top ;

lobes } in. long, orbicular.

Var. 8, espinulosa (C. B. Clarke) ; leaves without marginal teeth, obtuse, not

distinctly mucronate.

Katanarr Re@ion: Bechuanaland ; Batlapin Territory, Holub! Var. B:

Griqualand West ; by the Vaul River at the Diamond Fields, Nelson, 151!

Barleria.] ACANTHACE® (Clarke). 49

8. B. acanthoides (Vall, Symb, i. 47); undershrub; branches

6-30 in. long, canescent ; leaves 1-2 in. long, oblong-elliptic, mucro-

nate, minutely hairy; petiole 0-1 in. long; interpetiolar spines }—3 in,

long, rigid, simple or subpinnatifid ; racemes with 8-1 flowers, con-

densed, unilateral; bracts as the interpetiolar spines; posticous

sepal 3 by nearly } in., ovate, veined, slightly ciliate ; corolla white

or pale blue (Schinz) ; tube 13-3 in. long, linear-cylindric nearly to

the top; capsule } in. long, 4-seeded. Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 240;

T. Anders. in Journ. .Linn. Soc. vii. 27 partly ; C. B. Clarke in

Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 484, and in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v.

152; Lindaw in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 314, and in

kingl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 369. B. acanthoides, var. lanceolata,

Schinz in Verh. bot. Ver, Brandenb. xxxi., 199.

Western ReGion: Great Namaqualand ; Gamochab, Schinz, 2!

Frequent in Tropical Africa and India.

9. B. elegans (S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1880, 269) ; pubescent

with simple hairs; branches 1-2 ft. long; leaves 2-3 by

2-1} in. eutire; petivle 0-1 in. long; racemes 1-12 in. long, 2-8-

tlowered, unilateral; bracts 3-1 by 2 in., linear-lanceolate, spine-

toothed or subpinnatitid ; posticous sepal % in. long, elliptic, acute,

marginal teeth many, strong, often 2 in. long; corolla blue, mauve

or white (Galpin); tube 3-2 in. long, linear-cylindric, at the top

narrowly funnel-shaped ; capsule 2 in. lony, 4-seeded. C. B. Clarke

m Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 154. B. pungens, var. macrophylla,

Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 237.

KaLanAri Reeion: Transvaal ; at Avoca, near Barberton, 1800 ft., Galpin,

Eastern Reeion: Natal; without precise locality, Gerrard, 1681 ! Delagoa

Buy, Forbes !

Also in Tropical Africa, It must not be inferred from Nees’ synonym that

this plant bears the slightest resemblance to By pungens.

10. B. Gueinzii (Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 91); branches 16 in.

long, hairy towards the ends; leaves 1} by % in., ovate, shortly

acute, entire, with simple hairs on both faces, base obtuse or rounded ;

petioles 0-1 in. long; racemes 3-1-flowered 5 outermost bracts 4-3 in.

long, linear, recurved, innocuous, hardly spinescent ; posticous sepal

2~ in. long, ovate, membranous, nervose, margins innocuously spine-

toothed ; corolla 14 in. in total length, bluish-purple (Galpin).

T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 30.

Coast Reeton: East London Div. ; East London, Flanagan, 1773!

Kaauart ReGaion: Transvaal, Barberton, 3000 ft., Galpin, 842! :

EAstrRN Reeion: Natal ; Coastland, 0-1000 ft., Sutherland / without precise

locality, Cooper, 3026! Gueinzius, 383,

Also in South Tropical Africa.

11. B. barbata (E. Meyer in Diége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,

152, 168) ; petioles 1 in. long and upwards ; posticous sepal exceeding

+ in, long, ovate-triangular, acute ; corolla 14 in. in total length ; other-

VOL, V. 0

50 - ACANTHACE (Clarke). [ Barleria.

wise as B. Gueinzit. B. obtusa, var., Nees in DC. Prod. xi.

281.

Eastern REGION: Pondoland; between St. Johns River and Umtsikaba

River, 1000 ft., Dréye ! Natal; without precise locality, Gerrard, 1973!

This species may turn out to be only a large form of B. Gueinzii, but not

a variety of B. obtusa.

12. B. Woodii (C. B. Clarke); branches 18-30 in. long, hairy;

leaves 18 by 3-2 in., elliptic-oblong, entire, hairy on both faces ;

petioles 0O-, in.; racemes up to 6-flowered (mostly 3—1-flowered),

axillary, condensed ; outermost bracts foliaceous, lanceolate, not spinous;

other bracts $—1} in. long, broadly elliptic, acute, with many innocuous

marginal teeth; corolla blue or white, 14 in. in total length; tube

cylindric, in the upper half funnel-shaped.

EASTERN ReGion: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 803! Oukford, 1600 ft., Wood,

851!

13. B. jasminiflora (C. B. Clarke); branches 5 in. long, hairy,

spreading from a woody root; leaves scarcely 1 by 1 in., oblong,

entire, mucronate, sparsely hispid with simple hairs, subsessile ;

flowers solitary; outer bracts 4 in. long, lanceolate, rather rigid,

viscous, with.a few bristles on the margins; posticous sepal 2 in.

long, elliptic or ovate, spine-tipped, rather rigid, with bristles on the

margin ; corolla about 1 in. long (judging by the style), lake-coloured

(Burchell).

Coast Reoion: Uitenhage or Humansdorp Div. ; between Galgebosch and

Melk River, Burchell, 4759!

Burchell notes that the flowers were shaped as those of jasmine, with equal

spreadivg corolla-lobes,

14. B. affinis (C. B. Clarke) ; whole plant stellate-hairy ; branches

6-8 in. long, slender; leaves 1-1 in. in diam., ovate or orbicular,

often broader than long, even in age stellate-tomentose, base truncate ;

petiole up to 3-3 in. long; flowers axillary, solitary ; outermost

bracts }-} in. long, linear, scarcely spinescent ; posticous sepa] } in.

long, ovate, nervose, with many innocuous teeth on the margins ;

corolla (judging by the style) not less than 4 in, long.

KALAHARI REGION: Transvaal; Marico District, Holuds

_ This plant is closely allied to B. spinulosa, Klotzsch, from Mozambique, and to

its very close allies in Mozambique,

15. B. macrostegia (Nees in DO, Prod. xi. 235) ; thinly hispid ;

innovations neither silky nor woolly ; trailing branches 1-2 ft. long,

from the crown of a woody rootstock ; leaves (in type examples) 3-1

by 3 in., oblong, mucronate, minutely spine-ciliate on the margin,

petiole O-} in. long (in other examples broader leaves occur); heads

axillary, remote, in flower 13 by 1 in., in fruit 2 in. and upwards in

length, and very thick; calyx-segments (and bracts similar to

them) very densely imbricated in 4 ranks, the 2 ranks on one

side empty (bracts), the 2 ranks on the other side being sepals ;

anticous sepal (in fruit) 8 by 2 in. broadly ovate, representing 2

Barleria.} ACANTHACER (Clarke). 51

sepals as throughout the genus Barleria ; posticous sepal 1} by % in.,

ovate-lanceolate, mucronate, margins harshly ciliate, hardly toothed,

terminal mucro hardly excurrent as a spine; corolla pink (Mrs.

Stainbank); tube % in. long, cylindric, very little narrowed at

the top; lobes 4 in. long; capsule exceeding + in. long, flattened,

shining-brown, 4-seeded. 2B. burchelliana, Nees in DC. Prod. xi.

235; Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 262. B. burkeana, Sonder in Linnea,

xxiii, 92; 7. Anders. in Journ, Linn. Soe. vii. 31.

Katanart Reotion: Orange River Colony; Vet River, Burke, 451! Riet

Fontein, Rehmann, 3639! Bechuanaland; between Kuraman and Matlareen

River, Burchell, 2191! near Mafeking, 4200 ft., Bolus, 6429! near Kachnn,

8900 ft., Marloth, 1088; Batlapin territory, Holwb! Transvaal; Bosch Veld,

between Elands River and Klippan, Rehmann, 5048! near Pretoria, Roe in Bolus

Herb., 3045! and withont precise locality, Holub! Mrs, Stainbank in Wood

Herb., 3664! Miss Saunders, 10a!

This species, the two very closely allied which follow, and B. capitata, Klotasch

(from Mozambique), form a striking group, recognized by the trailing stems with

smnall leaves and large thick densely strobilate heads of fruit. Nees supposed

“Burke” to be an abbreviation for ‘‘ Burchell”; his two species, B. macro-

stegia and B, burchelliana, are founded on one collection. Sonder attempted to

correct the specific name. ‘The difficulty is evaded by taking up macrostegia,

16. B. lichtensteiniana (Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 235) ; innovations

densely grey-silky-strigose ; leaves up to 1} by 2 in.; posticous sepal

with a long spinous mucro and spinescent teeth } in. long on the

margins; otherwise as B. macrostegia. Masters in Gard, Chron,

1870, 73, figs. 12-15; Lindau in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. tv.

3B, 314.

CentRat Recion: Hopetown Div., near Hopetown, Muskett, 42! ;

Katanart Region: Griqualand West, Hay Div.; Asbestos Mountains at

Kloof Village, Burchell, 1652! on plains at the foot of the Asbestos Mountains,

between the Kloof Village and Witte Water, Burchell, 2068!

T. Anderson, either by accident or from supposing it not specifically distinct

from B. macrostegia, omits this plant altogether. The flower in Burchell, 2068,

is normal; arrested flowers, as those figured by Masters, also occur ; such occur

in other species of the genus, and in other genera of the Order, and may be (fide

Masters) connected with self-tertilization.

17. B. media (C. B. Clarke) ; softly and somewhat thickly hairy ;

innovations densely grey-strigose ; leaves 1 by 3 in.; posticous sepal

with a long spine at the tip, softly ciliate, hardly toothed on the

margins; otherwise as B. lichtensteiniana.

Katanarr Region: Bechuanaland; on the rocks at Chue Vley, Burchell,

The young shoots are grey-strigose, often with deflexed hairs, exactly as in

Bi Waktencteindden. The spine-tip of the posticous sepal is as of B. lishten-

steiniana, but the margins without teeth are as of B. macrostegia. I think

the South African plants of this group must be arranged either as three species

orasone, ~

18. B. crossandriformis (C. B. Clarke) ; nearly glabrous, except

the inflorescence ; branches 12 in. long; leaves attaining 3} by 1; in.,

gE 2

52 acantHace® (Clarke). [ Barleria.

entire, narrowed to a petiole 11 in. long; inflorescence a terminal

strobilate spike 3 by & in.; posticous sepal 3—} by 4 in. ovate, acute,

entire, softly hairy; corolla buff (Galpin) ; tube 3 in. long ; lobes 3 in.

long; pollen globose, honeycombed , capsule 3 in. long, ovoid, com-

pressed, beaked, pubescent, 2-seeded.

KataHari Reeion: Transvaal; among scrub on a hillside at Avoca, near

Barberton, 1800 ft., Gaitpin, 887!

This plant, in external appearance, is very like Crossandra nilotica, Oliv.

19. B. ovata (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, _

147, 149, 168); hirsute with tawny hair; branches 3-16 in long ;

leaves subsessile, ovate or elliptic, entire, in the type-specimen 2} in.

long, in other examples only half as large; flowers all in the upper

axils, running into a terminal spike ; posticous sepal 1 by } in.,

elliptic, acute, entire, hairy ; corolla 1} in. in total length; capsule

4 in. long, ellipsoid, compressed, shining, glabrous, 4-seeded. Nees

in DC. Prod. xi. 230; ZF. Anders. in Journ. Linn, Soe. vii, 31.

B. natalensis, Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xx. 23.

KaLAnAnlI Recion: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 841! Basutoland; Mont

aux Sources, 9500 ft., Guthrie, 4889! in the mountains, Thode! ‘Transvaal ; on

the Saddleback Range, near Barberton, 4000 ft., Galpin, 832! near Lydeuburg,

Wilms, 1222! Spitzkop Goldmine, Wilms, 1223! Crocodile River, 4800 ft.,

Schlechter, 3899 !

EasTERN ReEGt1oN: Pondoland, between Umtata River and St. Johns River,

1000-2000 ft., Drége! Natal, Camperdown, 1800 ft., Wood, 470! 1986! on a

hill near Oakford, Wood, 851,

There may be more than one species here. The variation in the size of the

leaves is very great. Nees says that the (outer) calyx-segments are spinulose-

serrate, and Lindau says that in his B. natalensis they are spinescent-toothed ; in

all the specimens I can find no teeth, far less any spines. Then both Nees and

Lindau say the flowers are blue. All the dried examples here have flowers, and

they are all deep blue in the dried state; but, on both his collections, Wilms has

noted ‘‘ flowers sulphur”; they must have turned from yellow to deep blue in

drying. Wood has noted “ flowers yellowish-white.” In B, ovata, the hair is soft ;

in B. natalensis, the hair is stiffer ; other difference I bave found none.

20. B. obtusa (Nees in Linnwa, xv. 358); hairy; plants

very variable in size, sometimes only 8 in. high, much branched,

dense, with no internode so much as + in. long, and no leaf so much

as $ in. long, at other times with branches 20 in. long, internodes 3 in.

long and leaves 2 in. long; various intermediate forms occur ; leaves

ovate or elliptic ; petioles 0-} in. long; flowers 4-1, 1—2 in. apart, in

loose axillary (usually monopodial) eymes; bracteoles linear 1—} in.

long, often recurved ; posticous sepal }-1 by 1-1 in., narrowly oblong,

obtuse, entire, often wider in its upper half, hairy ; corolla 1-12 in.

in total length, blue ; capsule 2~% in. long, ellipsoid, compressed,

shining chestnut-coloured, 4-seeded. Mees in DC. Prod. xi, 231, excl.

var. 6* ; Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 92; I. Anders. in Journ. Linn.

vii, 31 evel. syn. B. barbata ; Lindaw in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

iv. 3B, 314. B, obtusa var, eymulosa, Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 72.

B. diandra, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 157,

Barleria.] ACANTHACES (Clarke). 53

168. B. barbata, E. Meyer in herb. Drége partly. B. uitenhagensis,

Hochst. and Ruellia ovata, Zeyher ex Nees in DC. Prod. xi, 231.

Souts AFrica: without precise locality, Burke! Drége, 3602 !

Coast Reegton: Uitenhage Div., Zeyher! Ecklon § Zeyher, 930! Albany

Div., Bowker, 44! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 3043!

CENTHAL ReGion: Somerset Div.; Somerset, Bowker, 23! 186! Graaff

Reinet Div. ; mountains on the south west side of Graaff Reinet, Burchell, 2936!

near Graatf Reinet, 2500 ft., Bolws, 41!

Katanart Region: Orange River Colony ; Doorn Kop, Burke / Transvaal ;

near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1224! Apies Poort, near Pretoria, Rehmann, 4105!

4107! Sheba Battery, Kaap Valley, near Barberton, 1900 ft., Galpin, 1830!

EastErn Recron: Pondoland; between St. Johus River and Umtsikaba River,

under 1000 ft., Drege!’ Natal; between Umzimkulu River and Umkomanzi

River, Drége! Ulilahlane, 2000 tt., Sutherland! ona bill near Ladysmith, 3009-

4000 ft., Wood, 5627! Umkomaas and Buffels Draai at about 1000 ft., Wood,

880! without precise locality, Grant ! Plant, 79! 80! SanJerson ! Cooper, 1081!

Mrs. Saunders, 188! Gerrard, 102!

Also in South Tropical Africa.

This species is well-defined by the loose cymes, and narrowly oblong obtuse

posticous sepal, The variability in habit and size of leaves is very great, but

T. Anderson did not attempt to estublish any varieties. As to Nees’ varieties,

1-flowered and 3-flowered cymes occur pretty frequently on one plant. B. barbata,

Drége, is remote from B. obtusa, and is close to B. Gueinzit. But there is, in the

Kew Herbarium, a branch of the large state of B. obtusa, issued by Drége

as B, barbata, E. Meyer.

21. B. meyeriana (Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 230); stems 1-2 ft. long,

branched, glabrous or thinly hispid, the tips and inflorescence thinly

hispid ; leaves 1-13 by }~% in., elliptic-oblong, entire, when mature

glabrate ; petiole 0-} in. long ; flowers i or 2-3 clustered in the axils ;

posticous sepal 1-1 by 3-2 in., oblong, entire, hairy ; corolla blue or

lavender, 12 in. in total length; capsule } in. long, ovoid and flattened,

beaked, 2-seeded, glabrous or very nearly so. 7. Anders. in Journ.

Linn. Soe. vii. 28. B. ciliata, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 145, 154, 168.

KaLawart Region: Transvaal; near Barberton, 2800 ft., Galpin, 880!

Thorncroft, 97! Wood, 4162! Pietersburg, 4700 ft., Schlechter, 4372!

Eastern ReGion: ‘Transkei; near Gekau (Geua or Geuu) River, under

1000 ft., Drége ! Pondoland or Natal; between Umtentu River and Umzimkulu

Kiver, under 500 ft., Drége! Natal; near Durban, 20) ft., Wood, 7553!

Camperdown, Rehmann, 7715! Umhloti, Wood, 792! Umkomaas (Umkomanzi)

Valley, Wood, 915! and without precise locality, Gueinzius ! Gerrard, 1268!

Sutherland !

22. B. cinereicaulis (N. E. Brown); stem and young leaves

densely minutely grey-hairy; posticous calyx-segment oblong to

elliptic, 1 in. broad; corolla yellow (Galpin); otherwise as B.

meyertana.

Katanart Reeron: Transvaal; on a hillside above Sheba water-race, at

Avoca near Barberton, 1900 ft., Galpin, 1331!

EasteRn REGION: ’Natal ; without precise locality, Gerrard, 1266!

Exceedingly like B. meyeriana ; the indumentum differs in nature.

23. B. Rehmanni (C. B. Clarke) ; branches 6-8 in. long, sparsely

hispid; leaves subsessile, 1 by } in:, ovate-oblong, obtuse, entire

54 ACANTHACES (Clarke). [ Barleria.

almost rounded at the base, hispid-ciliate on the margins or nearly

glabrate ; flowers solitary, axillary, or pedicels hardly 4 in. long;

bracteoles (or rather floral leaves) 3 by 2 in., linear-lanceolate, ciliate

with clustered hairs on the margins; anticous calyx-segment 1 by

nearly 4 in., oblong, bifid at the tip into 2 teeth 3, in. long; posti-

cous sepal 5 by } in., narrow-lanceolate, ciliate on the margins ; corolla

3-1 in. in total length; pollen globose, honeycombed; ovary

glabrous.

“er genmygam Recion: Transvaul; Bosch Veld, at Blands River, Rehmann,

4968 !

24. C. pretoriensis (C. B. Clarke); innovations villous-sub-

tomentose ; branches 8 in. lung, slender, woody, internodes 1-1 in.

long; leaves 13 by 4-1 in., narrowly oblong, when mature nearly

glabrate ; flowers axillary, solitary, more than 1} in. long; posticous

sepal } by }-1 in., elliptic-lanceolate, entire, hairy, almost white-

tomentose ; capsule exceeding 3 in. in length, ovoid with lanceolate

beak, very hairy upwards, 2-seeded,

ere ReGion: Transvaal; Apies Poort near Pretoria, Rehmann,

25. B. Wilmsii (Lindau ms.) ; very nearly glabrous; branches

-1lin. long ; leaves up to 2 by 3 in., sessile, ovate, tip triangular and

obtuse, base rounded or subcordate ; flowers solitary or a few clustered

at the tips of the branches ; posticous sepal exceeding 2 by 2 in.,

narrow-elliptic, obtuse, entire, green, glabrous; corolla lilac-purple

(Galpin), 12 in. long. :

Kananart Region: Transvaal ; near Lydenburg, Wilms 1217! grassy slopes

near Barberton, 2800 ft., Gedpin, 863 ! 8» , grassy slop

26. B. Galpinii (C. B. Clarke); nearly glabrous; branch 1 ft.

Jong, with 2 lines of minute white pubescence ; leaves 3 by 14-11 in,

ovate, entire, glabrous, tip triangular-obtuse, base narrowed into a

petiole { in. long; inflorescence a few-flowered cluster in an upper

axil; posticous sepal 3—2 in. long, ovate, entire, green, glabrous or

very nearly so; corolla yellow (Galpin).

KaLawari Reqion: Transvaal; a

Rarbertoui, 1900'R: Gutta Vestas t Sheba Battery, in Kaap Valley, near

Imperfeetly known Species.

27. B. repens (Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 230); prostrate, 1-2 ft.

long, young parts yellow-strigose; leaves 1} by 2 in., shortly villous,

afterwards glabrate, base attenuated sometimes to the base of the

petiole; racemes scattered, 2-1-flowered; braet minute, linear ;

2 outer calyx-segments subsimilar, up to + by 3-2 in., ovate, sparsely

hairy, subentire, ultimately membranous, reticulate ; corolla 1} in.

long, pink, tube linear ; pistil glabrous; capsule 1-8 in. long,

2-seeded, or 4-seeded with the 2 lower seeds considerably smaller.

g B. ae in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 166; Schinz in Mém. Herb.

oiss, x. 63. ‘

Barleria.] ACANTITACEH (Clarke). 5d

EasTERN REGION: Delagoa Bay, Junod, 114, 321.

Frequent in South-east Tropical Africa. °

28. B. ilicina (E. Meyer ex T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe, vii.

28); erect, glabrous; stem terete; leaves shortly petioled, ovate,

spinous at the tip, spinous-toothed on the margins; bracts simple,

rigid, tip and margins spinous; outer calyx-segments ovate, long

spinous-toothed on the margins, membranons, glabrous, reticulated ;

inner lanceolate, spinous, 1-nerved.

Wesverv Reaion: Little Namaqualand ; between Holgat River and Orange

River, Drége.

Not seen. There is no Barleria ilicina in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, but there is a Blepharis? ilicina, EH. Meyer, at pp. 92 and 168,

T. Anderson’s plant might, from the description, be Barleria irritans, var. rigida.

XIX. RUTTYA, Harv.

Bra.ts and bracteoles small, linear. Calya 5-partite nearly to the

base ; segments 5, equal, narrowly laneeolate. Oorolla-tube wide ;

segments 5, ovate, in 2 lips. Stamens 2, fertile ; anthers 1-celled ;

pollen subglobose, longitudinally ribbed. Style with 2 very small

equal branches. Capsule ellipsoid, stalked, 4-seeded in the upper

part ; seeds without hairs. _ :

Panicles dense, terminal, appearing as short or long cylindric spikes; leaves

entire; the herbaceous petioles disarticulite at the base leaviug small wooden

cup-like scars on the branches, 1

Species 5, African, whereof 1 extends to Arabia, 2 to Madagascar.

1. R. ovata (Harv. in Hook, Lond. Journ. Bot. i. (1842) 27); a

small glabrescent shrub, the young parts and inflorescence sparingly

pubescent; branches rather thick; leaves 3} by 1} in., ovate,

narrowed suddenly into a petiole } in. long; inflorescence 13-3 by

11 in., dense, of numerous abbreviated cymes appearing almost

comose from the numerous caudate sepals } in. long ; corolla } in.

long, white (Wood). Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 309; Harv. Thes,

Cap. ii. 27, t. 144; 1. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 51 ; Lindau

in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 340. Hypoestes jimbriata,

BE. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 156, 193 fide

Nees.

Kaawarr Recion: Transvaal; Rimers Creek, near Barberton, Wood, 23!

4016! Elandspruit, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 3871! :

Eastern Resin: Natal; Uunbloti, Wood, 1224! littoral, Wood, 462!

near Durban, Williamson ! near the mouth of Umzimkulu River, Drége, and

without precise locality, Sutherland ! Peddie! Gueinsius !

XX. JUSTICIA, Linn.

Calyx small, divided nearly to the base into 5 or 4 narrow

segments. Corolla (in the Cape species) small or medium-sized,

2-lipped, hairy; tube not (or searcely) longer than the limb;

56 ACANTHACE® (Clarke). [ Justicia,

posticous lip entire or shortly 2-lobed, anticous lip 3-lobed ; palate

often with spots or transverse wrinkles, Stamens 2; one anther-cell

below the other, tailed at the buse (but, in J. mutica and J.

campylostemon, the anther-cells are nearly at equal height and the

basal tail is absent or most minute) ; pollen ellipsoid, with 2 stopples,

longitudinally banded, the rows of tubereles various, Ovary with

2 ovules in each cell; style thinly hairy or glabrous, branches

minute. Capsule 4-seeded ; stalk usually short ; placenta not rising

elastically from the base ; seeds tubercular-rugose.

Herbs or shrubs ; leaves entire or obscurely wavy ; flowers white with purple or

rose spots, or in a few species yellow; iuflorescence very varied, on which variety

the sections below are grounded; bracts in the first section large (the flowers in

strobilate spikes), more commouly small, narrow ; bracteoles generally smull,

narrow. Justicia, as here defined, differs from Adhatoda by the basal tail to the

lower anther-cell (which character fails us in the 2 species of Justicia above

mentioned) and in habit.

Species 200, throughout the warmer parts of the World ; or at least 300 if

(as proposed by Lindau) the genus Dianthera be sunk in Justicia. The genus

Isogicssa (here admitted) differs by having a slender corolla-tube and globose

(not ellipsoid) pollen. It is difficult to estimate the number of species in these

closely-allied genera without a revision of the species of the World.

Section 1. Berronica. Spikes strobilate; floral leaves ovate, often somewhat

4-ranked, often (always in the Cape species) reticulated with green veins.

Petioles often 4-4 in. long... ae de --. (1) Betonica.

Petioles absent or nearly so:

Stems and leaves hairy ... sii

Stems glabrous ; leaves glabrate :

Leaves 14 by 4 in., ovate-oblong ... .. (3) trinervia.

Leaves 1 by 4 in., lanceolate, acute ..» (4) pallidior,

Leaves 24 by 3-4 in., narrowly oblong .., (5) cheiranthifolia,

Section2, Rostentutarta. Flowers axillary, but running into terminal (not

strobilate) spikes ; floral leaves much narrower than in Sect. Betonica.

Leaves ovate or elliptic:

yee «. (2) betonicoides,

Flowers yellow... aa ie ay .. (6) flava,

Flowers (not yellow) variously purple and

white :

Leaves up to 5 by 2 in., thin, green,

glabrate ... ne ies a ... (7) petiolaris.

Leaves rarely exceeding 2 in. long, thick,

hairy :

Calyx 4 in. long se bed -- (8) Bowiei.

: Calyx 3 in. long oa ose --- (9) Burchellii,

Leaves linear .., ae wes one oes ... (LO) sperguleefolia,

Section 3. CaLopHaNoiDEs. Flowers axillary, scattered, solitary or 2-3

clustered under 1 floral leaf, sometimes approximated towards the ends of the

branches, but not running into a terminal spike. Bracts, bracteoles and calyx-

segments narrow, never large.

Plants with woody branches and medium-sized

leaves:

Leaves usually 1-2 in. long; bracteolesO ... (11) capensis,

Leaves usually 4-2 in. long; bracteoles 4 in.

ong in a) os ne --. (12) cuneata,

Plants with herbaceous branches or very small

leaves ;

Justicia. | ACANTHACEA (Clarke), 57

Capsule glabrous or minutely hairy on the

sutures :

Lower anther-cell not tailed aah ++ (13) mutica.

Lower anther-cell tailed :

Calyx-segments hairy :

Corolla yellow, 2 in. long ... .++ (14) odora.

Corolla white with pink or purple

marks :

Upper leaves very small, close

together me ea ... (15) pulegioides.

Upper leaves similar to the

lower:

Leaves narrowly elliptic... (16) Kraussii.

Leaves roundly ovate... (17) rotundifolia.

Calyx-segments glabrous, or very nearly

SO;

Flowers often shortly pedicelled ... (18) orchioides,

Flowers axillary; leaves very obtuse (19) thymifolia.

Capsule hairy ail over hae se ss. (20) Woodii.

Section 4, GznpArussa, Peduncles towards the top of the branches, carry-

ing simple or compound cymes; flowers clustered; bracts and bracteoles

inconspicuous,

Petioles 1-2 in. long; cyme-branches very slender... (21) campylostemon.

Petioles less than 4 in. long; cyme-branches

rather rigid ... ais ie in ss »-» (22) Belusii.

Section 5. Ansettra. Peduncles scattered, carrying 2 or few separate

flowers near the top; bracts and bracteoles narrow, small (or0). (Diantherx

spp., Benth, )

Corolla Zin.long ... “oe is at ... (23) anagalloides.

Corolla less than $ in. long: F

Hairy ; peduncles with 3-5 flowers... ;. (24) matammeasis.

Nearly glabrous; peduncles with 2-3 flowers... (25) exigua.

1, J. Betonica (Linn. Sp. Pl. 15); a nearly glabrous shrub;

leaves 2-3 by 2-1 in., ovate-lanceolate, base acuminate ; petiole 2 in.

or more ; spikes 3—4 by % in., terminal, strobilate ; bracts somewhat

4-ranked 1 by 2 in., ovate, acute, white, green-veined ; bracteoles

+ by 4 in., similar to the bracts; calyx 2 in. long, divided nearly to

the base ; segments 5, lanceolate, subulate, densely viscous-pubescent ;

corolla 2 in. long, white with rose spots; one anther-cell below the

other, long-tailed ; ovary glabrous below, the top hispid ; style thinly

hairy ; capsule 1 by 1 in., 4-seeded, clavate, pubescent nearly to the

base; seeds rugcse. 1. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 38;

C. B. Clarke in. Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 184. J. lupulina, a, E.

Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 144,195. Adhatoda

Betonica, Nees in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. iii. 103, and in DC. Prod. xi.

385. Dicliptera Jlupulina, Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 95. Nicoteba

Betonica, Lindau in Engl. Jahrb, xviii. 56, 63, t. 2, fig. 56, in Engl.

§ Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 329, and in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr.

C. 370,

Coast Recion: Albany Div.; Great Fish River, Masson / King

Williamstown Div. ; between Buffalo River and Kei River, 1000-2000 {t., Drége !

Komgha Diy. ; Komwgha, 2000 ft., Flanagan, 670!

58 ACANTHACE® (Clarke). [ Justicia.

A frequent plant in India and Malaya; 1 example also from Mozambique

seen,

2. J. betonicoides (C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 184);

stems densely and shortly hairy; leaves 2—4 in. long, when mature

hairy beneath, subsessile ; otherwise as J. Betonica, Linn.

Eastern Recion: Natal; Tongaat, Wood, 108! and without precise locality,

Gerrard, 321!

Frequent from Mozambique to Abyssinia.

3. J. trinervia (Vahl, Enum. i. 156); leaves 13 by 2 in., ovate-

oblong, subsessile ; flowers rather smaller than those of J. Betonica,

Linn.; otherwise as J. Betonica. O.B. Clarke in Dyer, Fl, Trop. Afr.

v. 185. J. Betonica, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. ix. 510, VW.

lupulina c, BE. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 158,

195. Adhatoda trinervia, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 384. Nicoteba

trinervia, Lindau in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfum. iv. 3B, 329,

Eastern Region: Natal; Umlazi River, under 200 ft., Drége ! near Durban,

Williamson ! and without precise locality, Peddie !

Also in East Tropical Africa and South India,

4. J. pallidior (C. B. Clarke) ; stems glabrous, except in var. B ;

leaves 1 by } in., lanceolate, acute at buth ends, subsessile ; otherwise

as J. Betonica, Linn. J. Betonica, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc.

vii, 88 partly. Adhatoda variegata, var. pallidior, Nees in DC.

Prod. xi. 385 ; Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 94.

Var. 8, Cooperi; stems densely and shortly hairy in the upper part.

Coast Region; Var. 8: British Kaffraria, Cooper, 8114!

Katanart ReGion: Transvaal ; Apies River, Burke, 514! Schlechter,

3613! Magalies Berg, Zeyher, 1399! Pilgrims Rest, Greenstock !

This species only differs from J. trinervia by the smaller, narrower and more’

acute leaves.

5. J. cheiranthifolia (C. B. Clarke); leaves up to 21 by 3-1 in,

narrowly oblong, subsessile ; otherwise as J. Betonica, Linn, J.

Betonica, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 38 partly, Adhatoda

cheiranthifolia, Nees in DC. Prod. xi, 387 ; Sonder in Linnea,

Xxili. 94,

KaLanari Recton: Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Zeyher, 1400! Burke!

_rocky places near Barberton, 3500 ft., Thorneroft, 127! Wood, 4164! Suddle-

back Range near Barberton, 4000-4500 ft., Galpin, 616!

Hastern Region: Natal; Gerrard, 1271!

6. J. flava (Vahl, Symb. ii. 15, not of Kurz) ; hairy, up to 2-4 ft.

high ; leaves 2 by 4-1 in., ovate-lanceolate, decurrent on the petiole ;

petiole 0-$ in. long; spikes terminal, 4-8 by % in., continuous or

interrupted at the base, lower whorls sometimes distant, i.e. axillary

clusters ; floral leaves linear-oblong with 3-1 flowers ; bracts exceed-

ing } in. long, linear, spathulate-tipped ; bracteoles scarcely 4 in.

Jong, linear; calyx } in. long, 5-fid to the base, scarious brown, or

hardly green ; segments linear; corolla 3-y in. long, yellow; one

anther-cell much below the other, tailed; pollen globose with

Justicia, | ACANTHACE® (Clarke), 59

2 stopples, banded, rows of tubereles obscure 5 Ovary pubescent

upwards ; style thinly hairy ; capsule 3 in. long, pubescent, 4-seeded ;

seeds tubercular-rugose. C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v.

190 with syn. J. fasciata, E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 160, 195; T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 39;

Lindau in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 349, and in Engl.

Fl. Ost-Afr. C. 373. Dianthera flava, Vahl, Symb.i.5. Dicliptera

Jasciata, Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 95. Adhatoda flava, Nees in DC.

Prod. xi. 401. A. fasciata, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 402. Athlianthus,

Endl. Gen. Suppl. ii. 63.

KALAHARI REGION: Transvaal; Marico District, Holub /

EastERN Reaion: Natal; Umgeni River, under 500 ft., Drége! Durban,

Wood, 831! Delagoa Bay, Forbes!

Abundant throughout Tropical Africa.

Nees says Athlianthus, Endl., is J. petiolaris; but, as it is said to be a

tropical species with yellow flowers, it must be J. flava.

7. J. petiolaris (E. Meyer in Drige, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,

150, 196); branches 12-20 in. long, more or less 4—6-angular

upwards, with white deflexed hairs, glabrate below; leaves up to

5 by 2 in., acuminate at either end, decurrent on the petiole, thin,

green when mature, glabrous except for a few strigose hairs on the

nerves ; petiole often 1-12 in. long; spikes 5 by % in., terminal,

usually interrupted at the base; floral leaves oblong, with 3-1 flowers

under each ; bract 1 in. long or rather more, lanceolate; bracteoles

% in. long, linear; calyx 2 in. long, 5-partite to the base ; segments

linear-lanceolate, acute ; corolla 2 in. long, blue (Wood); one anther-

cell below the other, tailed; pollen ellipsoid with 2 stopples, tubercles

obsolete ; pistil glabrous, except for a few scattered hairs on the

style; capsule 3 in. long, glabrous, 4-seeded; seeds tubercular-

tugose. TZ. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 39; Lindauin Engl. y

Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 349. Adhatoda petiolaris, Nees in DC.

Prod. xi. 402.

Bas : Pondoland; St. Johns River, under 1000 ft., Dréye!

Natal ga patna eae Gerrard, 1896! Zululand; Indulindi, 1000-

1800 ft., Wood, 3953 !

8. J. Bowiei (C. B. Clarke); leaves up to 2} by 14 in., thomboid-

ovate, rather thick, persistently hairy on both surfaces (in Bowie’s

example); calyx green, } in. long; corolla red (Bowie) or blue

(Flanagan) ; eapsule more than } in. long; otherwise as J. petiolaris.

Adhatoda petiolaris, var. ? 8B, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 402.

Sourn AFRica: without precise locality, Guthrie, 4711!

Coast ReGion: moist situations in George, Uitenhage, and Albany Divs. ;

Bowte ! East London Div. ; near the mouth of the Kei River, Flanagan, 832!

9. J. Burchellii (C. B. Clarke); leaves hardly attaining 14 in.

long ; petiole less than 1 in. long ; calyx hardly } in. long; capsule

$ in. long; otherwise as J. petiolaris, EK. Meyer.

60 ACANTHACE® (Clarke). [ Justicia,

Coast Reaion: Bathurst Div. ; between Riet Fontein and the seashore,

Burchell, 4107!

This, like J. Bowiei, may be arranged merely as a variety of J. petiolaris.

10. J. spergulefolia (T. Anders, in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 48);

pubescent; branches 6-10 in. long, undivided; leaves 1 by 5 in.,

linear; spike terminal, 2-31 in. long, of 10-20 flowers, the lower

4-4 In. apart, only 1 in each pair of bracts developed; bracts 4 in.

long, narrowly lanceolate ; bracteoles ;4, in. long, narrowly lancevlate ;

calyx 3 in. long or rather more, 5-partite to the base; segments

linear-lanceolate ; corolla 1 in. long ; one anther-cell much below the

other, tailed; pollen ellipsoid, with 2 stopples and 1 row of tubercles

beside each stopple ; ovary glabrous below, with very long hair at the

top; capsule 4-seeded (7. Anderson).

_KatanaRi Kgeson: Transvaal; Maxalaquena River, 4250 ft., Schlechter,

4267 !

Also in Damaraland,

This is allied to J. linearispica, C. B. Clarke (in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 192),

and the large group of J. peploides in India; the constant absence of one flower

in each pair gives it a marked aspect.

11. J. capensis (Thunb. Prod. 104); a rather stout shrub, attain-

ing 3-5 ft.in height; branches quadrangular, densely hairy when

young, raore or less glabrate in age, not rarely with the 2 opposite

faces hairy, the alternate glabrous ; leaves 1-21 by 2-1 in., elliptic,

hairy on both surfaces, becoming glabrate except on the nerves, tip

rounded, base cuneate ; petiole hardly any ; flowers axillary, distant,

but often 2-3 under 1 floral leaf, minutely pedicelled, without

other bract; bracteoles obsolete; calyx 1 in. long, 5-partite to the

base ; segments linear; corolla 2 in. lung, reddish (Kensit); one

anther-cell below the other, tailed (in one example the anther-cells

are nearly at equal height, both equally short-tailed); pollen ellipsoid

with 2 stopples and 1 row of tubercles on either side of each stopple ;

pistil glabrous; capsule % in. in length and upwards, 4-seeded ; seeds

tubercular-rugose. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 478; T. Anders. in

Journ. Linn. Soe, vii. 41; Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 264; Lindau in

king. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 349. J. amygdalina, a, E.

Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeoyr. Documente, 129, 195. J.

oleefolia, Schlechtend. ex Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 391; EB, Meyer

in Drége, l.c. 151, 196. Gendarussa capensis, Nees in Linnea, xv.

366, including var. 8; Drége in Linnea, xx. 200; Hook. Journ.

Bot. ii. (1840) 126. Adhatoda capensis, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 391,

excl, var. arenosa.

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div.; Cannon Hill, Kensit, 9! by the Zwartkops

River, below 500 ft., Drége! Ecklon ¥ Zeyher, 82! in thickets bordering the

plains, Bowie! near the mouths of the Coega and Zwartkops Rivers, Zeyher,

3593! East London Div.; near the mouth of the Kei River, 200 ft., Flanagan,

2350! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 136, 394!

CenteaL Rea@ion: Alexandria Div ; Zwartwater Poort, Burchell, 3399!

Somerset Div.; near Somerset East, Bowker !

KaLanart ReGion: Griqualand West; Groot Boetsap, 4000 ft., Marluth,

1076 (fide Engler).

Justicia. } ACANTHACER (Clarke). 61

12. J. cuneata (Vahl), Symb. ii. 10); a rigid shrub 1-2 ft. high ;

branches thick, glabrous or at the top minutely pubescent; leaves

% by 3-3 in., narrowly elliptic or obovate, obtuse, glabrous, thick,

drying a dark reddish-brown, narrowed at the base ; petiole O- 3, in. ;

flowers scattered, axillary, nearly sessile ; bracteoles lanceolate, nearly

as long as the calyx; pedicel scarcely », in. long, but distinct ;

calyx 3-1 in. long, deeply 5-lobed ; lobes lanceolate, obtuse, nearly

glabrous except for seattered hairs ou the margins; corolla } in. long,

white (Bowie); one anther-eell a little below the other, tailed ;

pollen ellipsoid, banded, with 2 stopples and 1 row of tubercles on

each side of each stopple ; pistil glabrous; very young capsule with

4 similar ovules apparently about to perfect seed. J. Anders. in

Journ, Linn. Soc. vii. 41 partly; Lindau in Engl. & Prantl,

. Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 349. Gendarussa cuneata, Nees in Linnea,

xv. 367 ; Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. (1840) 126. G. hyssopifolia, Nees in

Linnea, xv. 368; Drege in Linnea, xx. 200; Adhatoda cuneata,

Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 392 partly ; Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 94.

A. hyssopifolia, a, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 392 partly; Sonder in

Linnea, xxiii. 94.

Soutn AFRica: without precise locality, Masson /

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div.; by the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 260! on

exposed heights by the Sunday River, Bowie, 119!

J. hyssopifolia, Linn., from the Canaries, is a shrub with very much larger

leaves and flowers; the Cape plant which Nees has named hyssopifolia, is iden-

tical with that he has named cuneata, Nees has also named as Tyloglossa cuneata

the remote Monechma foliolosum below, see p. 74, which does not mateh the

present species in colour aud has only 4 calyx-lobes (apart from the differences

in capsule and seeds here treated as generic), T. Anderson does not mention

J. foliolosa, Drége, but cites Nees in DC, Prod, “ with syn.”

13. J. mutica (C. B. Clarke); persistently hairy ; branches 10-20

in. long; internodes 1-2 in. long; leaves 14 by 4 in., ovate; petiole

up to 1 in. long; flowers axillary, scattered, solitary ; calyx-segments

exceeding + in, in length, linear; corolla }—-} in. long; anther-cells

at nearly equal height, muticous or most obscurely tailed at the base ;

pollen ellipsoid with 2 stopples and 1 row of tubercles on either side

of each stopple; ovary glabrous; style thinly hairy; capsule 4 by

1 in., 4-seeded. Adhatoda protracta, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 392

partly.

Coast Region : in wooded situations in Uitenhage and Albany Divs., Bowie ! —

The anther-cells are not those of the genus Justicia : the larger calyx, capsule

and leaves also dv not agree with any exuwple of J. pulegioides.

14. J. odora (Vahl, Enum. i. 164); an undershrub, 1-2 ft. high,

glabrous, except the flowers; leaves 1 by {-; 1n., narrowly elliptic,

obtuse, base narrowed; petiole O-j; in. long; flowers axillary,

solitary or more rarely 2-3 together; calyx-segments ¢ In. long,

linear ; corolla 2 in. long, yellow; one anther-cell much below the

other, tailed ; capsule } in. long, glabrous, 4-seeded ; seeds tubercular-

62 ACANTHACER (Clarke). [ Justicia.

scabrous. ZT. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 42; C. B. Clarke in

Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 201 (excl. syn. J. leucodermis). J. poly-

morpha, Schinz in Verh. Bot. Brandenb. xxxi. (1890) 203; Lindau

in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam, iv. 3B, 349. Adhatoda odora,

Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 399. Gendarussa odora, Presl, Bot. Bermerk.

95.

Katanari ReGion: Transvaal; Avoca, near Barberton, 1900 ft., Galpin,

1238!

Extends to Abyssinia.

The calyx, corolla, and capsule are all rather longer than in the type plant

of Vahl.

15. J. pulegioides (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docu-

mente, 151, 156, 196); sparingly pubescent, or frequently nearly glab-

rous except the flowers; branches 4-12 in. long, slender, but woody ;

leaves on the ultimate branches about + in. (rarely more than 2 in.)

long, elliptic, obtuse, very shortly petioled, internodes 4 in. long and

on the main branches of the same plant internodes 12 in. with leaves

1 in. long occur ; flowers solitary, axillary, scattered ; calyx-segments

% in. long, narrowly linear ; corolla 1—1 in. long, white marked with

rose or purple; one anther-cell clearly lower than the other, tailed ;

capsule } in. long, hardly } in. broad, glabrous, 4-seeded. J. convera,

E. Meyer in Drége, Zuei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 155, 195, Jide

Nees. J. protracta, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Svc. vii. 41 partly ;

Lindau in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 349. Gendurussa

protracta, Nees in Linnea, xv. 371; Dréye in Linnea, xx. 200. G.

prunellefolia, Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 71. Chetacanthus Persoonit,

a, Nees in Linnea, xv. 356, and in DC. Prod. xi. 462 partly ; T.

Anders. in Journ. Linn, Soe. vii. 23 partly (?). Adhatoda protracta,

vars. B, y, 8, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 890 ; Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 94,

Var. 8, late-ovata (C. B. Clarke); leaves broad-ovate (many # in. wide),

_ hispid and reticulately rugose beneath.

Coasr Reeion: Uitenhage Div., Ecklon § Zeyher, 436! Komgha_ Div. ;

Komgha, 200 ft., Flanagan, 725!

CENTRAL KeGion: Somerset Div.; at Commadagga, Burchell, 3300! Vur. B:

Alexandria Div. ; on the rocks of Zwartwater Poort, Burchell, 3364! 3405!

— Raion: Transvaal; Houtbosch Rund, 4500 ft., Schlechter,

EasTERN REGION: Pondoland; between St. Johns River and Umtsikabi

Kiver, 1000-2000 ft., Drége! Natal; borders of woods around Durbau Bay,

Krauss, 304! Inanda, Wood, 309! 718! Darban Flats, Wood in MacOwan ¥

Bolus, Herb. Norm, Aust.-Ajr., 1019! and witbout precise locality, Peddie!

Sanderson, 433! Grant!

Krauss, 304, is a fine and typical example of this species, and is written up by

Nees’ hand as his Chetacanthus Perswonit a, The var. B, late-ovata, is probably

specifically distinct, the leaves being very unlike in structure to those of any

other plunt referred to J. pulegioides,

16. J. Kraussii (C. B. Clarke); branches 19--16 in. long,

pubescent ; internodes 1-2} in. long; leaves 11 by + in., elliptie-

oblong, glabrate, petiole }-} in. long; flowers white, nearly as of

Justicia. | ACANTHACER (Clarke), 63

J. pulegioides ; capsule not seen. J. protracta, T. Anders. in Journ.

Linn. Soe. vii. 41 partly. Gendarussa mollis, Hochst, in Flora,

1845, 71. (Not Justicia mollis, 2. Meyer in Drege, Zwei

Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 92, 196).

Var. 8, florida (C. B. Clarke) ; branches long, repeatedly divided ; flowers in

the upper axils numerous; the floral leaves (or bracts) much reduced in size.

Eastern Reaion: Natal; in grassy flats between the Umlazi River and

Durban Bay, Krauss, 61! Inanda, Wood, 423! and without precise locality,

Gerrard, 1272! Var. 8: Inanda, Wood, 566!

Justicia mollis, E. Meyer, is carried to Monechma ; to avoid confusion Krauss’

n. 61 is given here a new specific name, The series of plants included by T.

Anderson under J, protracta consists of closely-nllied plants; the present J.

Krausii, with its variety, is exceedingly near J. filifolia, Lindau, and its allies in

Mozambique,

17. J. rotundifolia (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 154, 196); branches 9 in. long, weak, slightly pubescent ;

internodes up to 13 in. long; leaves 2 by 2 in., ovate, obtuse, thin,

pubescent, ultimately glabrate ; petiole 0-2 in. long; flowers few,

remotely scattered, solitary or 2 together, axillary ; calyx-segments

scarcely 4 in. long, linear; corollanearly } in, long; one anther-cell

below the other, tailed; pistil glabrate, except for a few minute hairs

in the lower part of the style ; capsule unknown. TZ. Anders. in

Journ. Linn, Sve, vii. 41. Adhatoda rotundifolia, Nees in DC.

Prod. xi. 391.

Eastern Region: Pondoland or Natal; between Umtentu River and Umzim-

kulu River, under 500 ft., Dréye!

Only one fragment was seen by Nees and T. Anderson. It differs from

J. pulegioides, EB. Meyer, in the weak stems and very thin leaves,

18. J. orchioides (Linn. f. Suppl. 85); a rugged undershrub,

8-24 in. high; branches many, nearly all alternate, woody, often

¢ in. in diam., glabrous or obscurely puberulous at the tips; leaves

s-z in. long, subsessile, oblong elliptic or ovate, puberulous or

glabrate, tip obtuse or acute, base narrowed-ovate or truncate ;

pedicels 0-1 in, long, few, scattered ; bracteoles shorter than the

ealyx and distant from it in the wild plant; calyx scareely 3 in.

long ; lobes lanceolate with white margins, neatly glabrous not

glandular (in Bolus, 672, the calyx is minutely hairy, but scarcely

glandular); corolla 1—} in. long, white, hairy outside ; lower anther-

cell half-way below the other, with a Jong clavate tail; pollen

ellipsoid, with 2 stopples, longitudinally 6—8-ribbed, hardly banded,

Without tubercles ; ovary glabrous; style thinly hairy in the lower

half; capsule 2 in. long, normally 4-sseded; seeds tuberculate-

Tugose, Thunb. Prod. 104, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 479 ; Lindau

in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 349. J, diosmoplhylla,

Lindau in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 349. J. patula,

fT. Anders, in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 42; Lindau in Engl. §

Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 349; Lichtenst. in Roem. et Schult,

Syst. i. 164? J. orchioides, a, HE. Meyer in Drege Zwei Pflan-

zengeogr. Documente, 138, 196. Gendarussa patula, Nees in

64 ACANTHACE® (Clarke). [ Justicia.

Linnea, xv. 371. G. orchioides, Nees in Linnea, xv. 369 ? incl. var.

B. G. pygmea, Nees in Linnea, xv. 369. G. Linaria, Nees ex

Drege in Linnea, xx. 200? G. divsmophylla, Nees in Linnea, xv.

370; Drege in Linnea, xx. 200, Adhatoda patula, Nees in DC.

Prod. xi. 393. A. pygmea, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 394. A.

diosmophyllu, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 394; Sonder in Linnea,

xxiil. 94. A. orchioides, var. latifolia, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 393.

Soutn AFRicA: without precise locality, Zeyher, 1394!

Coast Region: Clanwilliam Diy. ; Lange Kloof, 409 ft., Schlechter, 8052!

Uitenhage Div.; at Commando Kraal, Burke ! by the Sunday River, near

Commando Kraal, Bolus, 2677! by the Sunday River, Ecklon &¥ Zeyher, 860!

Zeyher, 1392! Port Elizabeth Div. ; near Port Elizabeth, Baur, 109! Alexandria

Div. ; uear Enon, Baur, 1051! Albany Div.; in dry thickets, Bowie, 149!

CrentraL Reaion: Somerset Div.; between Great and Little Fish Rivers,

2000-3000 ft., Dréye! Graaff Reinet Div. ; plains near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft.,

Bolus, 683!

WestERN Region: Little Namaqualand ; between Annenous and Abbeolakte,

700 ft., MacOwan §& Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 672!

J. orchioides, Veut. Jard. Malm. t, 51, of which there are dried examples at

Kew, is probably a cultivated state of J. patula, 'T. Anders, 3 itis larger in all

its parts ; some leaves exceed 3 in. in length; some pedicels are nearly 4 in, long,

and have 2 bracts near the calyx, which is hairy ; the corolla is 3-# in. long;

Ventenat says the seeds were 4 or 5.—J. patula, Lichtenst. in Roem. et Schultes

Syst. i. 164, can only be guessed at from the description, which says that the

branches were all opposite and the bracts at the base of the calyx glandular ;

these points strongly suggest that Lichtenstein’s patula was Didge’s J. patula, b

which was Nees’ J. orchioides, a.

19. J. thymifolia (C. B. Clarke); nearly glabrous, except the

corolla; branches 12 in. long, divided, rigid, striate, internodc:s

mostly 4-3 in. long; leaves 1-2 by 1 in, very obtuse; petiole

0-5 in. ; flowers towards the ends of the branches, axillary, solitary,

rarely 2 together, not running into a spike ; calyx-lobes 5, 3-1 in,

long, narrowly lanceolate or oblong or somewhat obovate, whitish,

nearly glabrous; corolla 2 in. long or more, hairy outside; capsule

+ in. long, and nearly 1 in. broad upwards, glabrous, 4-seeded ;

seeds tubercular-rugose. Adhatoda thymifolia, Nees in DC. Prod.

xi. 392.

Katanari Reoion: Griqualand West, Hay Div. ; between Griqua Town and

Spuigslang, Burchell, 1702!

This species appears to have been overlooked altogether by T. Anderson.

20. J. Woodii (C. B. Clarke); whole plant hairy; stems 3 in.

long ; leaves 1 by + in., ovate, obtuse ; flowers scattered, axillary ;

ealyx-lobes 4} in. long, linear; corolla hardly 2 in. long, hairy ;

capsule hardly more than +4 in, long, 4-seeded, sessile, hairy all

over,

EASTERN REGION; Natal ; Noodsberg, 2000 ft., Wood, 112!

21. J. campylostemon (T. Anders. in Journ, Linn. Soc. vii. 44) ;

branches 1-2 ft. long, with pubescent lines, or glabrate; leaves

4-5 by 14-2 in., elliptic, acuminate at each end, glabrate or pubes-

cent on the nerves, margin wavy ; petioles 1-2} in, long; cymes

1B) colto

Justicia. | ACANTHACEE (Clarke), 65

axillary, lax, compound, with slender branches, the flowers approxi-

mated at the tips ; bracts and bracteoles inconspicuous ; calyx-lobes

sin. long, linear, acute, scarcely pubescent; corolla 3% in. long,

white with purple spots; one anther-cell slightly below the other,

with a minute white tail; pollen ellipsoid, banded, stopples 2,

tubercles minute ; ovary glabrous; style slightly hairy in the lower

part; capsule % in. long, glabrous, stalk very narrow, top clavate

3 in. wide and 4-seeded ; seeds tubercular-rugose. NW. E. Brown in

Gard. Chron, xix. (1883) 44. Campylostemon campanulatus, E. Meyer

in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeoyr. Documente, 153, 170. Leptostachya

campylostemon, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 878. Rhaphidospora campy=

lustemon, Lindau in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 329.

Coast Reeion: Albany Div.; Blue Krantz, Burchell, 3636! Stockenstrom

Div.; Kat Berg, 2000 ft., Hutton!

CENTRAL Reson: Somerset Diy.; Somerset East, Bowker /

Katanart Re@ion; Transvaal ; Makwongwa Forest, near Barberton, 3200 ft.,

Galpin, 904!

KasteERN ReGIonN: Pondoland; between St. Johns River and Umtsikaba

River, under 1000 ft., Drége! Griqualand East ; in a wood on Mount Malowe,

4000 tt., Tyson, 2083! and in MacOwan & Bolus, Hirb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 892!

Natal; Inanda, Wood, 773! Tougaat, 3022! and without precise locality,

Gerrard, 1898! 1899! 1900! Cooper, 1104! Cordukes !

22. J. Bolusii (C. B. Clarke); shrubby, nearly glabrous except the

flowers; branches 12 in. long, leafy; leaves 2 by 1—2 in., elliptie,

obtuse, base narrowed ; petiole 2-1 in. long; peduncles many towards

the top of the branches, about 1 in. long, rigid, mostly simple, with

2—5 flowers clustered at the top; bracts and bracteoles inconspicuous ;

calyx 1 in. long, divided to the base; segments 5, very narrowly

lanceolate, minutely pubescent and glandular; corolla: 2 in, long ;

one anther-cell mueh below the other, with a large forked tail ;

pollen ellipsoid, longitudinally striated, stopples 2, tubercles 0 ;

ovary densely shaggy; style slightly hairy.

Coast Region: Komgha Div.; margins of woods near Komgha, 1800 ft.,

Flanagan, 608 !

This species comes between J. Geadarussa, Linn. f., and J. cordata, T, Anders,

23. J. anagalloides (T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe, vii. 42) ;

branches 6-16 in. long, weak, pubescent or hispid, often in lines ;

leaves 2 by 1 in., when mature nearly glabrous, tip obtuse, hase

cuneate ; petiole 0-2 in. long; peduncles scattered, {-1 in. long,

with 2 or 3 flowers near the top; bracteoles linear, shorter than the _

calyx ; calyx 1 in. long, 5-lobed to the base ; segments linear, nearly

glabrous ; corolla 1 in. long, white; lower anther-cell with a clavate

tail; pollen ellipsoid with 2 stopples and 1 row of tubercles on either

side of each stopple; style-base and top of ovary hairy; capsule

more than 1 in. long, ellipsoid, widened upwards, glabrate, 4-seeded ;

seeds tubercular-rugose. Adhatoda anagalloides, Nees in DC. Prod.

xi, 403. pepe

: 1; Apies River, Burke ! Macmac Creek, ud!

Serre mime tire 4090-5000 ft., Galpin, 682! Elands Foutein,

VOL. v. F

66 ACANTHACER (Clarke). [ Justicia.

near Johannisburg, 5500 ft., Gilfillan, 1418! near Lydenburg, Atherstone !

Wilms, 1201! Hoogeveld, near Standerton, Wilms, 1201b! Mooifontein, 5500 ft.,

Schlechter, 3565 !

T. Anderson cites (Journ. Linn. Soc. l.c.) Adhatoda patula, Nees in part, as a

synonym,

24, J. matammensis (Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc, xxix. 130) ; softly

white hairy on the stems, at the nodes and the base of the leaves ;

branches 5-12 in. long, divided, weak ; leaves 11 by 1-1 in., elliptic

or subovate; peduncles numerous, 1-14 in. long, bearing in the upper

half 3-5 separate (mostly alternate) flowers; bracts or bracteoles

linear, smaller than the calyx; calyx-lobes 3 in. long, linear, nearly

glabrous ; corolla 3 in. long; capsule 4 in, long, glabrate, with

4 rugose seeds, C. B. Olarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 209. J.

anselliana, Lindau in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 283,

fig. 112, D, E.

KALAHARI REGION: Transvaal; Hammans Kraal, 4400 ft., Schlechter, 4203 !

Common in Tropical Africa, south to Matabeleland. It represents the section

Ansellia, T. Anders, which Bentham (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 1113)

placed under the genus Dianthera.

25. J. exigua (S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1900, 204); nearly

glabrous ; stem 8 in. long, much branched ; leaves 1 by + in., ovate

or elliptic; petiole O-, in. long; peduncles scattered, i++ in. long,

carrying 2 (sometimes 3) flowers near the top; bracteoles much

shorter than the calyx ; calyx 3 in. long, divided to the base into

4 linear nearly glabrous segments ; corolla less than Zin. long; lower

anther-cell tailed; pollen most minute, ellipsoid, banded, with 2

stopples and a row of strong tubercles on either side of each

stopple; ovary nearly glabrous, except at the tip ; capsule 2 in.

long, 4-seeded, nearly sessile, ylabrate ; seeds tubercular-rugose,

Katanari ReGion: South African Goldfields, Baines !

Also in Tropical Africa near Bulawayo,

Imperfectly known Species.

26. J. incerta (C. B. Clarke); a small undershrub ;_ branehes

4-6 in. long, divided, hairy; stem-leaves 3-4 by 3-} in., ovate,

subobtuse, pubescent, base narrowed ; petiole yz In. long; upper

leaves narrower, obovate, passing into the spathulate floral leaves;

flowers solitary, opposite, in 6-12 of the uppermost axils, almost

running into a terminal spike; bracteoles more than i in. long,

linear-spathulate, similar to the bract (or floral leaf) ; calyx 2 in. long,

divided to the base; segments 5, linear, pubescent ; corolla 2 in.

long ; one anther-cell much the lower, long-tailed ; pollen ellipsoid,

banded, with 2 stopples, tubercles very obscure; pistil glabrous

except for a few scattered hairs on the style; capsule exceeding

} by } in., subsessile, 4-seeded ; seeds tubercular-rugose,

KatauarRt RecGion: Transvaal; Boschveld, between Elands River and

Klippan, Rehmann, 5058 !

This might be located artificially next J. petiolaris. The spathul:

leaves and bracteoles make it look not a Justicia, ieiaiitvea ee iad

Justicia, | ACANTHACE® (Clarke), 67

27. J. (!) Brycei (C. B. Clarke) ; hispid with white many-celled

hairs; branches 1-12 in, long ; leaves + by 4-1 in., elliptic, obtuse,

cuneate at the base; petiole hardly any; fluwers solitary, approxi-

mate in the upper axils; bract 3-2 in. long, linear; bractevles 0;

calyx 5-partite to the base; segments {—} in. long, linear, green,

hispid with white hairs ; corolla 2-3 In. long, pink, palate spotted

with purple; stamens 2; lower anther-cell shortly and obtusely

tailed ; pollen ellipsoid, with 2 stopples and longitudinal bands, with

no rows of tubercles on either side of the stopples ; ovary glabrous ;

base of style sparsely and minutely hairy.

EASTERN Region: Basutoland ; near the summit of Machacha, 10,000 ft.,

Bryce !

28. J. (Adhatoda) hantamensis (Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xx. 66) ;

branches and leaves glabrous ; leaves 2 in. long, sessile, lanceolate, —

distant ; flowers solitary, short-pedicelled ; _ bracteoles lanceolate ;

calyx-segments 1 by ;, in., broadly lanceolate, thinly hairy; corolla

3 in. long; lower anthers separate, spurred ; pollen ellipsoid, banded

longitudinally, with 2 pores, and 2 rows of tubercles on either side of

each pore; capsule glabrous. Lindau in Engl. § Prantl, Pflan-

zenfam. iv. 3B, 349.

Centrat Recion: Calvinia Div.; Hantam Mountain, near Calvinia, Meyer.

29. Rhytiglossa rubicunda (Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 71); a small

shrub ; branches roundish, clothed with deflexed hairs ; leaves }—Lin.

long, ovate, pubescent, petioled ; spikes short, terminal and axillary ;

bracts villous, lanceolate or narrowly spathulate ; calyx-segments

linear, hairy, glandular, shorter than the bracts ; corolla red ; capsules

glabrous ; seeds rugose.

Coast Region; Knysna Div. ; in Zitzikamma forest, Krauss, 1128!

XXI. MONECHMA, Hochst.

Bracts inconspicuous (except in M. bracteatum); bracteoles small,

linear. Calya divided nearly to the base; segments 5 or 4, narrow

or linear, rarely more than 2 in. long. Corolla small, rarely attaining

+ in. long, 2-lipped; posticous lip subentire. Stamens 2; one

anther-cell distinctly below the other, tailed; pollen ellipsoid,

longitudinally banded, with 2 stopples; one or more rows of tubercles

on each side of either stopple, frequently very obscure. Ovary with

1 or 2 ovules in each cell; style shortly 2-lobed at the tip or sub-

entire. Capsule small, rarely 2 in. long, usually pubescent at the

top, 2-seeded ; placent# not rising elastically from the base of the

valves; seeds discoid, quite smooth, often shining and blotched,

Without tubercles or corrugations,

Leaves entire, small; flowers axillary, often few scattered, less commonly

approximated towards the tips of the branches or (in M. bractealum) strobilate.

The genus, as here understood, differs from Justicia by having ouly 2 (very

smooth) seeds to the capsule,

F 2

68 ACANTHACE® (Clarke), [ Monechma.

Species about 27, African, whereof one (M. bracteatum) extends through

Arabia to Bombay.

Section 1. Bracreata#, Flowers loosely strobilate ;

bracts round-ovate ... ie asi ae ie ... (1) bracteatum.

Section 2. Soritart#. Flowers solitary; bracts

inconspicuous :

Whole plant hoary .. a oid hv (2) ineanum.

Plant variously hairy or glabrate, not hoary :

Calyx 5-fid ;

Leaves ovate or obovate;

Whole plant softly hairy aa ... (3) molle.

Plant glabrate or with a little scat-

tered hair... rere eek + (4) leucoderme.

Leaves from linear to narrow-elliptic :

Flowers few, distant, scattered ..» (5) pseudopatulum,

Flowers approximated towards the

ends of the branches :

Calyx-lobes more than 4 in.

long: «sss aki a . (6) Linaria,

Calyx-lobes less than 4 in,

long:

; Leaves and calyx-lobes

acute:

Leaves glabrate .. (7) acutum,

Leaves viscous-hairy ... (8) arenicola.

Leaves and calyx-lobes ob-

tuse;:

Leaves oblong ... ... (9) Atherstonei,

Leaves very few, subu-

late: .... sie ... (10) spartioides.

Calyx 4-fid ;

Bracteoles densely margined by long

white hairs sd ves aa + (11) fimbriatum,

Bracteoles not densely margined, usually

hairy or pubescent ;

Leaves linear-spathulate, with a re-

curved tip;

Branches round ,,, ii ... (12) divaricatum,

Branches quadrangular .., --. (13) nepetoides.

Leaves flat at the tip, not re-

curved ;

Leaves narrowly _linear-lanceo-

Jate, petioled .., ca .-. (14) namaense.

Leaves cuueate-elliptic, sub-

sessile... ney (15) foliosum,

i, M. bracteatum (Hochst. in Flora, 1841, 375), pubescent ;

stems 1-3 ft. long; leaves up to 43 by 1-12 in, (usually much

smaller), narrowed at both ends; petiole 2-1 in, long; spikes

subsessile (sometimes more than 2 at one node), 2 by 4 in., strobilate ;

bracts 4-5 in. in diam., ovate or orbicular ; calyx % in, long ; corolla

3-} in. long, white ; lower anther-cell long-tailed; pollen oblong-

ellipsoid, stopples 2, longitudinal bands rather obscure ; capsule 1 in,

long, hairy, 2-seeded ; seeds smooth, yellow-brown, often with black

blotches. Neesin DC. Prod. xi. 411; C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fi.

Trop. Afr. v. 214 with all syn. M. debile, Schinz in Mém. Herb.

Boiss, x. 64. M. angustifolium, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 412.

Monechma. ] ACANTHACE (Clarke), 69

Justicia blepharostegia, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Doeumente, 160, 195; T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 43 .

Lindau in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 349. Dicliptera

blepharostegia, Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 95.

Katanari Reaion : Transvaal; Klipdam, 4500 ft., Schlechter, 4192!

KastERN KeGion: Natal; near Durban, below 500 ft., Dréye! Umbloti

Flat, Weod, 1256! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 392! Delagoa Bay,

Junod, 145!

Common in Tropical Africa; also in Bombay,

2. M. incanum (C. B. Clarke) ; a persistently hoary rugged under-

shrub; branches 6-15 in, long, sometimes 1 in. in diam., with very

short internoles; leaves 1-2 by +1, in., linear-obovate, obtuse;

flowers scattered, axillary, mostly solitary; bracts small, narrow;

calyx 4 in. long; corolla 2 in. long; lower anther-cell long-tailed ;

pollen ellipsoid with 2 stopples, distinctly banded; capsule nearly

x in. long, 2-seeded, glabrous; seeds large, hard, shining, dark

brown with black blotehes, subglobose, a little compressed. - Justicia

incana, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc, vii. 42; Engl. in Enyl.

Jahrb. x. 264; Lindau in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B,

349. Gendarussa incana, Nees in Linnea, xv. 367, excl. var. B ;

Drége in Linnea, xx. 200; G. capensis, Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 95.

Adhatoda incana, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 393. Justicia capensis,

HE. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 62, 195, not of

Thund.

Sourn Arrica : without precise locality, Zeyher, 1893!

CENTRAL ReGion; Beautort West Div.; between Beaufort West and

Rhinoster Kop, 2500-3500 ft., Drége! Karoo near Beaufort West, Henderson !

Murraysburg Viv. ; ou the Sueeawberg Range, near Murraysburg, Bolus, 1783!

rough slopes near Murraysburg, 4100 ft., Tyson, 81! Cradock Div,; Brack

River, Burke! Albert Div. ; hills near Burgersdorp, Mrs. Barber !

Western Region: Great Namaqualand ; Tiras, Schinz, 20!

Katanagt Rea@ion: Prieska Div. ; Zand Valley, Burchel/, 1632! Orange

River Colony (?) Rance (? Rands) Bosch, Burke, 280! Griqualand West; Great

Boetsap, 4000 tt., Marloth, 967! British Bechuanaland ; Huss Hills, Holub!

3. M. molle (C. B. Clarke); densely and shortly pubescent;

stems 6-10 in. long, stout, branched ; internodes mostly }—-} in. long,

some up to 14 in. long; leaves } to } in. in diam., round-ovate,

rather thick, nearly sessile ; flowers solitary, scattered, not clustered

towards the ends of the branches ; pedicels 0-3 in. long; bracteoles 2,

+ in. long, linear-oblong, obtuse ; calyx nearly 1 in. long; lobes 5,

oblong to linear, hardly acute, pubescent and with some gland-headed

hairs; corolla 2-8 in. long, white (Bolus) ; one anther-cell much

below the other, with a long clavate tail; pollen ellipsoid, with

2 stopples and 2 longitudinal rows of tubercles on either side of each

stopple ; capsule } in. long, stalk rather thick, slightly puberulous at

the tip, 2-seeded 3 seeds discoid, margined, smooth. Justicia mollis,

Ei. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzenyeog”. Documente, 92, 196; Z.

Anders, in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 42; Lindau in Engl. § Prantl,

70 ACANTHACER (Clarke). [ Monechma.,

Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 349. Gendarussa mollis, Presl, Bot. Bemerk.

95. Adhatoda mollissima, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 391.

WesteRN Recton: Little Namaqualand; between Holgat River and Orange

River, 1000-1500 tt., Drége / in dry stony places near Spektukel, 800 ft., Bolus

&§ MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr.,670!

4, M. Jeucoderme (C. B. Clarke); minutely puberulous; stem

short, stout, branches many, 4-9 in. long; leaves 1 by 1 in., tip

obtuse, triangular, base narrowed ; petiole 0-7; in. long; flowers

solitary, axillary; bracteoles 2, 1 in. long, linear; calyx 2 in. long,

5-partite to the base; segments linear, minutely pubescent, and in

Schinz, 29, with gland-headed hairs ; corolla scarcely 4 in. long;

one anther-cell below the other, tailed; pollen ellipsoid with

2 stopples, bands aud tubercles obscure ; capsule 1—1 in. long, ovoid,

on a short narrow stalk, 2-seeded, puberulous to the base; seeds

discoid, hard, brown, smooth, shining, blotched. Justicia leucodermis,

Schinz in Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxxi. 202 ; Lindau in Engl. §

Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 349.

WESTERN REGION: Great Namaqualand ; between Tiras and Rehoboth, Schinz,

1! Tschirub Mountain, Schinz, 29!

Wrongly placed under J. odora, Vaul, by me in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 201.

5. M. pseudopatulum (C. B. Clarke) ; nearly glabrous, branches

1 ft. long (or more), terete, not striated, smooth, the internodes up to

13-2 in. long; leaves up to 14 by 2 in., linear-oblong (no elliptic or

subovate leaves except in the variety, latifolia) ; petioles 0-1 in, long ;

flowers few, scattered ; pedicels 4-1 in. long ; bracteoles 2, 4 in.

long, oblong, obtuse: calyx hardly 3 in. long, deeply 5-lobed ; lobes

linear, subacute, puberulous or glabrate; corolla 1-2 in. long;

capsule 3 in. long, stalked, narrowly ellipsoid, subquadrangular,

compressed, 2-seeded; seeds discoid, smooth, hard, blotched.

Gendarussa patula, Drége in Linnea, xx. 200,

‘Var. 8, latifolium (C. B. Clarke); some leaves on the main stems 1 by 4 in.

long (similar to those on the type plant); other leaves on the main stem 1 by

nearly 4 in., elliptic, obtuse, with a definite petiole } iv. long; other leaves on the

upper branches are 4 by 4 in., obovate-elliptic, ubtuse ; calyx, corolla, capsule

and seeds as in the type.

Crntrat Recion: Calvinia Div.; Kamos (near Lospers Flats), 2003-3000

ft., Zeyher, 1895! Var. 8: Somerset Div. ; Somerset East, Bowker, 163! Graaff

Reinet Div. ; amongst bushes near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft., Bolus, 61!

Of the two plants here treated, the material, though scanty, is complete. The

capsule and seeds, the calyx, the scattered short-pedicelled flowers are similar.

The short calyx, on a pedicel, resembles very much Justicia patula (which

Drége determined it to be), from which the capsule and seeds show it to be

remote,

6. M. Linaria (C. B. Clarke); minutely pubescent ; branchlets 13

on the fragment seen, about 6 in. long, 6-8-ribbed, rising in a close

cluster, but little divided; leaves 1-2 by 1-2 in.; flowers solitary,

approximated in the upper axils; bracteoles 2, very small, linear ;

calyx deeply 5-partite, more than } in. long; lobes linear; corolla

Monechma.] ACANTHACE® (Clarke). 71

41 in. long; one anther-cell below the other, tailed; pollen ellipsoid,

bands and tubercles obscure; ovary below glabrous, with a few

gland-headed hairs in the upper part, base of style with scattered

simple hairs. Justicia Linaria, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc.

vii. 42. J. patula, E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 108, 196 (letter a only).

Coast ReGion: Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; near Ebenezer, below 500 ft., Drege!

There is no capsule on the single fragmentary example, so that it is doubtful

whether it is a Monechma or a Justicia ; it differs from the similar species of

Monechma, by its longer calyx. Jt is really an undescribed species, for T.

Anderson only cites the name as equivalent to Genaarussa Linaria, Nees, which

again is unpublished except so far that Nees himself says it was his Adhafoda

orchioides, var. angustifolia, to which again he says this fragment of Diége’s

belonged. I suspect, from the small piece of the branch on which the shoots

stand, that M. Linaria was 2-3 ft. high or more; Justicia orchioides, E. Meyer,

from locality b (Uitenhage Div.; between Coega River and Sunday River,

1000 ft.), has also been matched with M. Linaria; but it has neither flowers,

fruit, nor indication of inflorescence.

7. M. acutum (C. B, Clarke); undershrub; branches 6-15 in. long,

nearly round or subquadrangular, with minute white deflexed hairs,

becoming glabrate ; internodes attaining 1 in. in length; leaves ¢ by

1 in., linear-lanceolate, acute at either end, subsessile, becoming

nearly glabrous ; flowers rather numerous in the upper axils, in oue

branch forming an interrupted spike 6 in. long; bracteoles } in long,

linear-lanceolate; calyx } in. long, deeply 5-partite; lobes linear-

lanceolate, acute, with white hairs on the lower margins; corolla

2 in. long, white (Burchell); lower anther-cell much lower than the

other, tailed ; pollen ellipsoid, bands and tubercles obscure ; ovary

glabrous ; style thinly hairy nearly to the top, young capsules 2-seeded,

Coast Reaion: Humansdorp Div.; between Galgebosch and Mclk River,

Burchell, 5761! 4785! Uitenhage Div. ; Grassrug, near Uitenhage, Buur /

Baur’s plant has broader much less obtuse leaves than in the type collections

of Burchell above described; but it agrees so closely in the inflorescence, the

induinentum of the stem and calyx, the small flowers and the (imperfectly ripe)

capsule, that it cannot conveniently be treated as a species from our scanty

muterial.

8. M. arenicola (C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 218);

a viscous pubescent undershrub ; branches 6-10 in. long, internodes

mostly 1-1 in. long; leaves up to 1 by 7-3 in, lanceolate, acute,

subsessile, with long white hairs ; flowers solitary, few, approximate

towards the ends of the branchlets; bracteoles.2, scarcely } in. long,

linear ; calyx 4 in. long, 4-partite nearly to the base ; lobes linear ;

corolla 2 in, long; one anther-cell lower than the other, tailed,

pollen ellipsoid, with 2 stopples, tubercles minute in 2 rows on each

side of each stopple; capsule 4 in. long, pubescent, 2-seeded ; seeds

smooth, blotched. Justicia arenicola, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 264 ;

Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 151, and in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

iv. 3B, 349.

Katanart Reoron: Prieska Div.; Zand Valley, Burchell, 1631! Hopetown

Div. ; near Hopetown, 4500 ft., Muskett in Bolus Herb., 2563 !

Also frequent in Lower Guinea.

72 ACANTHACE® (Clarke). [ Monechma.

9. M. Atherstonei (C. B. Clarke); viscous-pubescent, branches

8 in. long, round, not striate; leaves up to 4 by + in., narrow,

lanceolate-obovate, hardly acute, subsessile; flowers few, solitary,

approximate in the upper axils; bracteoles 2, + in. long, linear-

oblong ; calyx } in. long, deeply 5-partite; lobes linear, hardly acute ;

corolla nearly $ in. long ; one anther-cell below the other, with a very

long tail; pollen ellipsoid with 2 stopples, banded, and with 1 row

of tubercles beside each stopple; capsule + in. long, stalked,

2-seeded, glabrate; seeds brown, smooth.

Western Region: Little Namaqnaland; sandy flats near the Aur Aap River,

a tributary of the Orange River, A/herstone, 11!

10. M. spartioides (C. B. Clarke); a straggling nearly glabrous

and leafless shrub; branches up to 2 ft. long, round, with many

internodes 2 in. long; leaves very few, 2 by j; in., subulate ;

flowers solitary, few, approximated in the upper axils; bracteoles

x in. long, linear; calyx 2 in, long, minutely pubescent and with

gland-headed hairs, deeply 5-partite; lobes linear; corolla 3-2 in.

long, white with violet tips (Schinz) ; one anther-cell much below the

other, tailed ; pollen ellipsoid with 2 stopples, slightly banded,

scarcely tubercled ; pistil glabrous; capsule + in. long, 2-seeded.

Justicia spartioides, T, Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 43.

Westrrn Reeton: Great Namaqualand; on the bed of a river at Cannas,

Schinz, 22! and withont precise locality, Schinz, 28! Little N amaqualand, Jus,

2800 ft., Schlechter, 11407!

ll. M. fimbriatum (C. B. Clarke); a pubese-nt small shrub;

branches 14 in. long, frequently divided, quadrangular, many inter-

nodes 1} in. long; leaves 3 by +; in., narrowly linear ; flowers

solitary, approximate in the upper axils; bracteoles 2, 4 in. long,

linear, the margins most densely fringed by long white many-celled

hairs ; calyx 1 in, long, deeply 5-fid, minutely pubescent and with

some gland-headed hairs; corolla + in. long; one anther-cell much

below the other, tailed; pollen ellipsoid with 2 stopples and

1 obscure row of tubercles on either side of each stopple ; capsule

3 in. long, sparsely and minutely hairy, 2-secded ; seeds smooth.

Eastern Reaion: Natal ; without precise locality, Gerrard, 1269!

Also lately collected by Schlechter in Tropical Transvaal.

The dense white fringe to the bracteoles in Gerrard, 1269, catches the eye at

once; the fringe is less proininent in Schlechter’s plant.

12. M. divaricatum (C. B. Clarke); an undershrub, attaining

2 ft. in height (at least) ; branches terete, not striate, minutel y hairy,

many internodes 1-2} in. long; leaves 1-2 by 2-2 in., linear-obovate,

pubescent, long-tapering to the base, lip optuse, recurved, with a

minute mucro; flowers scattered, axillary, few, mostly towards the

ends of the branches; bracteoles 2, 2 in. long, linear ; calyx 2 in.

long, deeply 4-fid; lobes linear, glandular-pubescent, very white on

the margins ; corolla } in. long, rose-coloured (Bolus); one anther-

cell much lower than the other, tailed; pollen ellipsoid with

Monechma.] ACANTHACER (Clarke). 73

2 stopples and 2 rows of small tubercles on either side of each

stopple ; ovary glabrous; style thinly hairy; capsule nearly 2 in.

long, 2-seeded; seeds smooth, blotched. Justicia divaricata, Willd.

ea Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 391. T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe.

vii. 42; Lindaw in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 349.

J. patula, E, Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 91,

196 (letter / only). J. orchidioides, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn.

Soc. vii. 42. Gendarussa incana, var. villosa, Nees in Linnea,

xv. 367, G. patula, Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 95. Adhatoda divaricata,

Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 391. A. orchioides var. a, Nees lc. 393.

Ruellia setigera, Zeyher ex Nees, l.c. 391.

CENTRAL ReG@Ion: Graaff Reinet Div.; banks of the Zwart River near

Graatl Reinet, 2700 ft., Bolus, 748!

WESTERN KeGion: Little Namaqualand; Kaus Mountains, 3000-1000 ft.,

Drege! between Spektakel and Komaggas, 1000 ft., Bolus S$ MacOwan, Herb.

Norm, Aust.-Afr., 671!

This plant is exceedingly unlike Justicia orchioides, Linn. f.; yet Nees has

written on Drdze’s J. patula from locality b ‘ T'yloglossa orchioides, var. a.” .

13. M. nepetoides (C. B. Clarke); branches quadrangular, glan-

dular pubescent; leaves 1-2 in. long; corolla + in. long; capsule

hardly exceeding 1 in. long ; otherwise as M. divaricatum. Adhatoda

capensis, var. arenosa, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 391.

Katanart Rea@ion: Prieska Div.; Keikams Poort (Modder Gat Poort),

Burchell, 1616! Griqualand West, Hay Div.; Klipfontein, Burchell, 2149!

This might be a variety of VM. divaricatum, with smaller leaves, flowers, and

seeds; in M. divaricatum the brauches are terete. It must not be interred, from

Nees having determined this plant as a variety of Justicia capensis, Thunb., that

it bears any kind even of external resemblance to that species.

14. M. namaense (C. B. Clarke); a minutely pubescent under-

shrub; branches 16 in. long, nearly terete, with internodes up to

2in. long; leaves 1-13 by }-} in., narrowly linear-lanceolate,

glabrate, flat, the tip straight (not recurved); flowers few, scattered,

axillary ; bracteoles + in. long, linear, densely and shortly viscous

pubescent ; calyx Sok it, long, 4-partite to the base; segments

linear, minutely pubescent ; corolla } in. long ; one anther-cell

below the other, tailed ; pollen ellipsoid with 2 stopples, banded,

1 row of tubereles on either side of each stopple ; capsule 2 in. long,

2-seeded, pubescent at the top; seeds smooth. Justicia namaensis,

Schinz in Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxxi. 202; Lindau in Enyl.

§ Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 349.

Wesrern Reeion: Great Namayualand; _Gamosab, Schinz, 25! Little

Namaqualand ; between Garies and Springbok, 2500 ft., Schlechter, 11175!

Katanart Rea@ion: Griqualand West, Hay Div. ; betwren Kloof Village

and Witte Water, on the plains at the foot of the Asbestos Mountains, Burchell,

2072!

15. M. foliosum (C. B. Clarke); an undershrub, nearly glabrous

except the innovations; branches 4-8 in. long, with internodes

mostly very short, some up to 1 in, long; leaves 5 by 1 in., cuneate-

74 ACANTHACEZ (Clarke). [Monechma.

elliptic, subsessile, tip obtuse, base narrow; flowers few, axillary,

scattered ; bracteoles 3 in. long, linear-oblony;. calyx 4-partite to the

base ; segments exceeding 1 in. long, linear, broader and minutely

hairy in the lower half; corolla 1-2 in. long; one anther-cell much

below the other, tailed; pollen ellipsoid, with 2 stopples and several

rows of small tubercles; capsule exceeding 2 in. long, with 2 smooth

seeds. Justicia foliosa, E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 62, 195. J. cuneata, 1. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe.

vii. 41 partly. Gendarussa JSoliolosa, Presl, But. Bemerk. 95. G.

cuneata, Drége in Linnea, xx. 200. Adhatoda cuneata, Nees in DC.

Prod. xi. 392 partly.

Coast Rea@ion: Knysna Div.; without precise locality, Bolus, 2422! Uiten-

hage Div. ; near Roodewal, Bolus, 1873!

CentRaL Reeion: Beaufort West Div.; between Beaufort West and

Rhinoster Kop, 2500-3000 1t., Dréye /

Nees has written ‘ Tyloglossa cuneata, N. ab E.,” on Drége’s example marked

“Justcia foliosa, E. M.” ; the leaves bear a resemblance to those of Justicia

cuneata, Vahl,

XXII. SIPHONOGLOSSA, Oerst.

Corolla with a long linear tube, much longer than the 2-lipped

limb ; otherwise as Justicia.

Species 8, viz. 5 in Tropical America and the 3 following :—

8. tubulosa was removed from Justicia to the American genus Siphonoglossa by

Bentham (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 1110). S. Moore added 8. Num-

mularia which is beyond question congeneric with S. tulbulosa. Buaillon (Hist.

des Plantes, x. 441) records §. tubulosa under Siphonoglossa, but does not

appear to have examiued or considered it. Lindau (in Engl. & Prantl, Pflan-

zenfum. iv, 3B, 338) says that these two Species can scarcely be referred to

Siphonoglossa, and (l.c. p. 349) records S. tubulosa (under a different name) as a

true Justicia, The question is greatly complicated by the arrival of a third

South African species which has the corolla of Beleropone, not of Siphonoglossa.

Corolla in total length under 1 in. 3 lips less than

2 in. long :

Leaves 1-1} in. long, elliptic, long-petioled (1) tubulosa,

Leaves }-3 in. long, round, subsessile... se (2) Nummularia,

Corolla in total length 2 in, aud upwards ; lips 3 in,

ae Pe ots es vite ee a -» (8) linifolia.

1. §. tubulosa (Lindau in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B,

338); minutely and thinly hairy ; branches 6-12 in. long, weak ;

leaves 13 by % in., elliptic, narrowed at both ends, thin ; petivle

4—{ in. long ; flowers few, scattered, in the upper axils; bracts and

bracteoles inconspicuous ; calyx-segments % in. long, linear; corolla-

tube } by sy in., slightly widened upwards ; lips 3 in. long, with

rounded lobes; one anther-cell much below the other, tailed;

pollen ellipsoid, stopples 2, tubercles none or most obscure ; capsule

4-% by 3'5 in, glabrate, 4-seeded. Justicia tululosa, E. Meyer in

Drege, Zwet Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 150, 196; T. Anders. in

Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 41. J. suffruticosa, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei

Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 153, 196. J. leptantha, Linduw in Engl.

Siphonoglossa. | ACANTHACER (Clarke), 79

§ Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv.3 B, 349. J. prostrata, Schlechtend,

ex Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 390. Gendarussa leptantha, Nees in

Linnea, xv. 372. Rhinacanthus tubulosus, Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 95.

Adhatoda tubulosa, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 892. A. leptantha, Nees

in DC. Prod. xi. 390,

Coast Recion: Alexandria Div.; Bushman River, Eck/on.

EASTERN KEGION: Pondoland; St. Johns River, 1000 ft., Drége! between

St. Johns River and Umtsikaba River, under 1000 ft., Drege! Griqualand East ;

Zuur Berg Mountains, near Kokstad, 4000 ft., Tyson, 1700! 5000-6090 ft.,

Tyson, 1166!

The plant meant by Schinz (Mém. Herb. Boiss. x. 64) is doubtful, as he

appears to have confused the prostrata of Nees with the protracta of T.

Anderson,

2. 8. Nummularia (S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1880, 40) ; softly hairy,

branches 6-10 in. long, rigid; leaves 4-2 in. long, round, subsessile ;

flowers few, scattered in the upper axils; bracteoles minute ; calyx-

segments 5, hardly } in. long, narrow-lanceolate ; corolla-tube 2 by

z'o in., hardly widened upwards; lips 1 in. long with rounded lobes ;

one auther-cell much below the other, tailed; pollen ellipsoid with

2 stopples, and 2 or 3 rows of tubercles on either side of each

stopple.

Eastern Reoion: King Williamstown Div.; Keiskamma Hoek, Cooper,

370!

3. 8. (?) linifolia (C, B. Clarke) ; stem short, woody, whence arise

annual simple flowering stems 6-9 in. long; leaves 11 by 2 in.,

narrow-lanceolate, glabrous or obscurely hispidulous, sessile; fluwers

solitary in the 2 or 3 upper axils; bracts linear; calyx-lobes 3-2 in,

long, linear, thinly hispidulous ; corolla hairy, ‘“ pale purple, lower lip

blotched deep purple” (Galpin); tube 13-14 in. long, the lower

half about 54; in. broad, the upper half tubular vs-1'o in. broad ;

posticous lip 2 in. long, oblong-linear, subentire; anticous lip 3 in.

long, narrowly cuneate, cut halfway down into 3 narrow-lanceolate

lobes ; anthers exserted, rather large, purple-rose, one (nearly entirely)

below the other with a short distinct ‘white tail; pollen ellipsoid

with 2 stopples and 3 rows of tubercles on either side of each stopple ;

ovary glabrous, oblong, with 4 ovules; style very long, glabrous,

slightly swollen in the middle. Aulojusticia linifolia, Lindau in

Engl. Jahrb. xxiv. 325 and Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. Nachtr.

%u li.-iv. 309,

Katanart ReGion: Transvaal; mountain sides of the Saddleback Range,

near Barberton, 4000-5000 ft., Galpin, 826! stony places on mountuins near

Barberton, 3500 ft., Thorncroft, 81 (in Wood. Herb. 4160) !

XXIII. ADHATODA, Nees,

Anther-cells at nearly equal height, the lower one obscurely

mucronate or very shortly tailed; pollen without rows of tubercles ;

otherwise as Justicia.

76 ACANTHACEX (Clarke). [ Adhutoda.

Mostly large or stout leafy shrubs ; the inflorescence terminal, of many flowers

collected in compound oblong or capitate heads; corolla rather broad with a

short tube, white, rose- or purple-spotted, the posticous subentire lip arched ;

capsule large stout; seeds scabrous, flattened.

A genus of 8 species, in the warm parts of the Old World, very indistinctly

diagnosed from Justicia ; but forming « natural group, usually recognizable from

Justicia by one or other of the marks above given. As to the distinction in the

pollen, regarded as decisive by Lindan, there are very many species referred by

him to Justicia in which the rows of tubercles are very obscure, and in several, as

in A, natalensis below, I cannot see a trace of them.

Bentham, unwilling to multiply genera, where the distinctions between them

are so unsatisfa tory, has sunk Duvernoia in Adhatoda. The whole structure of

the calyx in Duvernoia is so unlike that of any other Adhatoda, that I think the

genns might be well maintained,

Subgenus 1. Eu-ApHaropa, Calyx 5-partite to the base ; segments linear-

lanceolate, subulate, imbricated in the bud.

Leaves broadly-elliptic, hairy .., we bee ... (1) natalensis.

Leaves narrowly-elliptic, glabrate ts fa. .. (2) Andromeda,

Subgenus 2. Duvervora. Calyx 5-fid hardly half-way

down, splittipg into 5-2 narrow triangular lobes;

segments broad-triangular, rigid, glabrous... +» (3) Duvernoia,

1, A. natalensis (Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 391); a stout hairy

shrub; leaves 21 by 1 in., elliptic, narrowed at either end ; petiole

0-§ in. long ; inflorescence terminal, a condensed panicle 2 by 1 in.;

flowers numerous ; bract $ by 3 in.; bracteoles 2 by 7, in. ; sepals 5,

x by yy in., linear-subulate, softly hairy ; coruila 2 in. long ; tube

short, broad; posticous subentire lip arched ; one anther-cell slightly

lower than the other, with a very short tail ; pollen shortly ellipsoid,

longitudinally banded, without tubercles ; ovary densely hairy;

capsule 1 by tin., stout, 4-seeded. Gendarussa densiflora, Hochst.

in Flora, 1845, 71. Justicia natalensis, T, Anders. in Journ. Linn.

Soc. vii. 38; Lindau in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 349,

Duvernoia trichoealyx, Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 122.

KaLauari REGION: Transvaal; Sanderson /

EASTERN ReGion: Natal; hills near Pietermaritzburg, 1000-2090 ft.,

Krauss, 453! Inands, Wood, 174! 304! and without precise locality, Sanderson !

Sutherland !

Duvernoia trichocalyx (collected by O, Kuntze at Durban) has not been seen,

The description of Lindau agrees with thut of A. natalensis, except that the

leaves are said to be glabrous,

2. A. Andromeda (C. B. Clarke) ; branches 6-12 in. long, rather

stout, minutely hairy ; leaves 13 by 2 in., nar1owly elliptic, glabrate,

narrowed at the base, subsessile ; flowers many in a condensed

terminal panicle 2 by 1 in.; bract 1 by 2 in.; bracteoles 4 by jin. ;

sepals nearly } by !; in., linear-subulate, hairy; corolla % in. long,

white with rose spots ; tube very short, broad ; posticous subentire

lip arched; one anther-cell slightly below the other, obscurely

mucronate at the base; pollen ellipsoid, longitudinally banded,

without tubercles; ovary minutely densely pubescent, Duvernoia

Andromeda, Lindau in Engl. § Jahrb. xx. 42, and in Engl. &

Prantl, Pflanzenfam, iv. 3B, 339.

Adhatoda.} ACANTHACES (Clarke). 77

Eastern ReGion : Griqualand East; mountains aronnd Clydesdale, 3500 ft., _

Tyson, 2063! Pondoland; without precise locality, Bachmann, 1273! Natal ;

stony fields near Durban, Wood in MacOwan, Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1512!

This species is closely allied to A. natalensis. Lindau calls this a Duvernoia,

while he keeps A. natalensis in Justicia, on account of differences in the

pollen only ; but I see no difference in the pollen,

3. A Duvernoia (C. B. Clarke); a stout minutely pubescent

shrub, attaining 8 ft. high; leaves often 7 by 8 in., base attenuate ;

petioles 1-1 in. long; infloreseence a compound terminal panicle;

lower peduncles often 2-4 in. long with a compound spike 2-4 by

1; in. at their tops ; floral leaves conspicuous, numerous, 2 by 2 in. ;

flower bract + by ~; in.; bracteoles 1 by }; in.; calyx 3 in. long,

when mature divided half-way down into 5 triangular lobes, nearly

glabrous ; corolla 1 in. long; tube short, broad ; posticous subentire

lip arched, throat within densely hairy ; anther-cells at nearly equal

height, 1 obscurely mucronate at the base; pollen ellipsoid, banded

longitudinally, without tubercles; ovary densely shaggy ; capsule

1; by 1-4 in., oblong-clavate, very stout, 4-seeded, grey-pubescent ;

seeds 1-1 in, in diam., very flat, tubercular-scabrous, Duvernoia

adhatodioides, FE. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,

150, 180; Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 323; T. Anders. in Journ. Linn,

Soe. vii. 37; Lindau in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 336,

339, fig. 135, F.

Eastern Reoion: Transkei, MacOwan, 2001! Kaffraria; Kreilis Country,

Bowker! mountains of Kaffraria, Mrs. Barber! Pondoland; St. Johns River,

below 1000 ft., Drége/ in open woods near the confluence of the Tsitza and

Umzimvnbu Rivers, 1000 ft., Bawr in MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-

Afr., 558! Natal; Tongaat, Cooper, 3031! Noodsberg, Wood, 981! and without

precise locality, Gerrard, 264!

Imperfectly known Species.

4. Duvernoia tenuis (Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xx. 44) ; a shrub

5-10 ft. high, with glabrous branches ; leaves 5 by 2 in., narrowed

at either end, hairy on the nerves; petioles } in. long or more;

inflorescence very loosely paniculate, of few flowers; peduncles

slender, bifariously hairy; bracts and bracteoles small ; calyx % in.

long ; corolla green-yellow, smooth; tube } in. long; lip } in. long;

one anther-cell lower than the other, mucronate at the base; pollen

of Duvernoia.

Eastern Region: Pondoland; in Egosa Bush, near Dorkin, Bachmann,

1275!

From the @escription this would appear to be something very remote from

Duvernoia, with which it is placed on the character of the pollen. Might it be

Justicia campylostemon, T. Anders. ?

XXIV. RHINACANTHUS, Nees.

Calyx small, divided nearly to the base ; segments 5, linear.

Corolla 2-lipped ; tube linear, much longer than the lips; posticous

lip oblong, subentire, erect or recurved. Stamens 2; anther-cells 2,

one a very little below the other, not tailed but sometimes mucronate

78 ACANTHACE (Clarke). [ Rhinacauthus,

at the base; pollen ellipsoid, with 3 longitudinal smooth bands.

Ovary hairy. Capsule oblong, 4-seeded at the top, with a linear

cylindric stalk; placenta not rising elastically from the base of the

valves; seeds covered with tubercles.

Rambling. Flowers in ses-ile distant clusters on the branches of the panicle;

bracts and bracteoles small linear.

Species 3 or 4, in Africa and India.

This genus differs from Siphonoglossa in the inflorescence and in the pubescent

ovary.

1. R. communis (Nees in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. iii. 109) ; sparingly

pubescent; leaves 2-5 in. long, ovate to lanceolate ; petivles 0-1 in.

long ; flowers in small clusters on the beanches of loose divaricating

panicles ; bracts {-} in. long, linear ; calyx 1-1 in. long; corolla-

tube $ by ;;-y; in., linear to the top; lip + in. lung, posticous

linear-oblong ; capsule 1 in. long, pubescent, finally glabrate, linear-

cylindric stalk more than } in. long; seeds 4, covered with tubercles.

Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 442; T. Anders, in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 51;

Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 63, t. 2, fig.68; C. B. Clarke in

Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind, iv. 541, and in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. 224.

. macilentus, Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 95. R. oblongus, Nees in DC.

Prod. xi. 444; T. Anders.in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii.51. R. nasutus,

Lindau in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 339, and in Engl.

Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 371. Justicia macilenta, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei

Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 159,196. Peristrophe oblonya, Nees in

Linnea, xv. 875. Pseuderanthemum dichotomum, Lindau in Engl.

Jahrb. xx. 40, and in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Ajr. C. 371.

Eastern Reaion: Pondoland, Bachmann, 1270! Natal; in thickets by the

Upper Umlazi River, below 500 ft., Drége! Inanda,, Wood, 146! 534! Coust-

land up to 1000 ft., Sutherland! und without precise locality, Sanderson !

Gerrard, 391!

An abundant plant in Tropical Africa and India,

XXV. ECBOLIUM, Kurz.

Calyx small, deeply 5-fid; segments linear. Corolla-tube eylin-

dric ; lips 2, not elongated. Stamens 2; anther-cells 2, oblong,

muticous, at equal height; pollen globuse, with longitudinal bands.

Ovary with 2 ovules in each cell.

Shrubs ; leaves entire, rather thick; spikes strobilate, terminal; bracts large,

enclosing the calyx; bracteoles small, linear ; capsule (where known) with 2 flit

rough seeds.

Species 8-12, natives of Africa, Madagascar, Arabia and India,

1, E. Flanagani (C. B. Clarke) ; a yellowish-green shrub, nearly

glabrate, the young parts hairy; leaves 11 by 3 in., ovate, subobtuse,

base broad-triangular; petioles }—3 in. long; spikes terminal, 11 by

§ in., strobilate; bracts % by % in.; calyx scarcely i in. long ;

segments linear, pubescent ; corolla-tube 1-2 by 1, in., subcylindric ;

lobes } in. long ; anther-cells oblong, muticous, at equal height ;

Ecbolium.] ACANTHACER (Clarke), 79

pollen subglobose with 3 large stopples and 3 bands continued to the

poles ; ovary glabrous, lower part of style thinly hairy.

Coast Recion: Komgha Div.; near the mouth of the Kei River, 200 ft.,

Flanagan, 2351!

This species is very close to E. barlerioides, Lindau ; it differs by the narrower

bracts and long-petioled leaves. .

Imperfectly known Species.

2. E. protractum (Schinz in Mém. Herb. Boiss. x. 64).

EASTERN REGION: Delagoa Bay, Kuntze.

This is defined as Ecbolium protractum, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. iii. pt. 2,

248. This may not improbably mean Justicia pulegeioides, EH. Meyer; but it

must be recollected that the plant Justicia pulegioides, E. Meyer, is the type of

the genus Chiwtacanthus, Nees.

XXVI. ISOGLOSSA, Oerst.

Calyx 5-partite nearly to the base; segments 5, linear, 1-2 in.

long. Corolla white, with some rose, yellow or purple spots, 2-

lipped, 1—2 in. long (much longer in the subgenus Ramusia) ; anticous

lip not much shorter than the tube, with 3 oblong or ovate lobes.

Stamens 2, without rudiments of others; filaments glabrous; one

anther-cell completely above the other, elliptic; pollen globose,

much flattened, almost lenticular, with one stopple in the centre of

each smooth circular face. Pistil glabrous; style hardly 2-lobed;

ovary oblong-ellipsoid with 2 ovules in each cell. Capsule 1-2 in.

long, usually 4-seeded at the top, lower half much narrower (except

in I. origanoides). Seeds tubereular-scabrous,

Leaves ovate or elliptic; inflorescences panicled ; floral leaves and bracts

smull, or larger and lanceolate or spathulate-obovate.

Species about 30, in Africa and the Mascarene Islands, besides a few in India,

The Cape species (except subgenus Ramusiu) agree most closely in habit,

corolla, stamens, and pistil, and are consequently difficult to distinguish, both

among themselves and from some Tropical African species,

Subgenus 1, Ev-Isoerossa. Corolla 4-§ in. long;

tube cylindric.

Calyx with hairs none gland-headed :

Inflorescences 4-2 in. long : a

Bracteoles not white-margined ay ... (1) ciliata,

Bracteoles white-imar,iued ... nee .-- (2) sylvatica,

Inflorescences 3-6 in. long we wae ... (3) ovata.

Calyx with numerous gland-headed hairs : i.

Leaves large, some up to 5 by 2-3in. ... (4) Woodii.

Leaves medium-sized, some up to 3 by 1-1} in.:

Flowers very loosely paniculate, nearly all :

solitary aa a see es 1». (5) prolixa,

Flowers approximated :

Bracts linear-lanceolate in nee

Bracts obovate, obtuse with a short

acumination ve i. a

Leaves attaining 1-1} in. in length, mostly

shorter :

(6) eckloniana,

(7) stipitata,

80 ACANTHACER (Clarke). [Isoglassa,

Spikes slightly interrupted, manifestly

viscid-hairy :

Bracts $-% in. long, broadly lanceolate (8) origanoides.

Bracts 4-4 in. long, spathulate-obovate (9) Grantii.

Bracts 2-4 in. long, oblong... ... (10) Bolusii.

Spikes interrupted, loose, sparingly hairy

(except the calyx) :

Corolla 2:'in. long, rather broad ... (11) Macowanii.

Corolla 4-4 in. long, slender .., ... (12) delicatula.

Subgenus 2. Ramusra.—Corolla 1}in. long; tube s!ender,

Bracteoles and calyx thinly hispid with white non-

glandular hairs a ees es ... (13) hypoestiflora.

Bracteoles and calyx viscid’ with many gland.

headed hairs... tug Res ee a .»- (14) Cooperi,

1. I. ciliata (Lindau in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B,

344); pubescent; branches 2-3 ft. long, slender, not virgate ; leaves

up to 2 by 4 in,, elliptic, narrowed at either end; petiole 0-2 in.;

inflorescences terminal and axillary, short, dense, }-1 by }—* in.,

without any solitary flowers, compound; floral leaves 3—% in. long,

lanceolate or narrowly obovate, imbricate, prominent to the top of

the inflorescence ; bracteoles 4-4 in. long, linear; calyx 1 in. long,

searious, hardly at all green; segments linear, with many long

many-celled hairs, none gland-headed ; corolla} in. long, Rhytiylossa

ciliata, Nees in Lindl. Nat. Syst. Bot. ed. ii. 445, in Linnea, xv. -

364, and in DC, Prod. xi. 335; Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 93; Hook.

Journ. Bot. ii. (1840) 126 ; Oerst. in Kjoh. Vidensk. Meddel. 1854,

155 in obs.t. 5, fig. 27. Justicia intercepta, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei

Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 160, 195. J. divaricata, Zeyher ex Nees

in DC. Prod. xi. 336. J. capensis, Ecklon ex Nees l.c. kcteinanthus

divaricatus, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 45.

Coast Reeion: Uitenhge Div.; amongst bushes by the Zwartkops River,

Ecklon § Zeyher, 731 and without precise locality, Heklon § Zeyher, 928!

Alexandria Div.; Addo, Zeyher, 1401! East London Div.; near East London,

100 ft., Ga'pin, 3186!

EAsteRN Keaton ; Natal; Umgeni River, 500 ft., Dréye!

2. I. sylvatica (C. B. Clarke); branches and leaves nearly

glabrate ; mflorescences somewhat interrapted at the base; bracteoles

3 in. long, linear from a lanceolate base. widened by searious margins;

corolla wholly white (Burchell) ; otherwise as I. ciliata. Dianthera

sylvatica, Burchell ms.

Coast Region: Knysna Div.; in the forest, near Melville, Burchell, 5438!

3. I. ovata (Lindau in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B,

344); hairy; branches 2 ft. long at least, rather stout; leaves up

to 22 by 1} in., ovate, base often rounded, nerves prominent on the

lower surface; petioles hardly 2 in. long; infloreseences up to 4-6 by

3 in., terminal and lateral (forming terminal panicles 6-16 in. long),

more or less interrupted below ; floral leaves 3 by 1 in. (lower hardly

or not imbricate), including 1-2 (rarely 3) flowers ; bracteoles + in.

long, linear-lanceolate ; calyx 4 in. long, green, not at all scarious ;

Tsoglossa. | ACANTHACER (Clarke). 81

segments linear, with many short few-celled hairs none gland-

headed ; corolla 3—$ in. long. JZ. Bachmanni, Lindau in Engl.

Jahrb. xx. 57, and in Engl. §& Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 344.

Justicia ovata, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,

149, 196. Dicliptera ovata, Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 95. Rhytiglossa

ovata, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 336. Hcteinanthus ovatus, T. Anders.

in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 45,

Coast Reeton: Komgha Div. ; Komgha, 2000 ft., Flanagan, 680!

Eastern Reeton: Pondoland; on stony heights between Umtata River and

St. Johns River, 1000-2090 ft., Drége ! and without precise locality, Bachmann,

1272! Natal; Inanda, 1800 ft., Wood, 45! near Verulam, Wood, 799!

4. I. Woodii (C. B. Clarke); stems and leaves sparingly hairy ;

leaves up to 5 by 2-3 in., ovate, acuminate, tapering into a petiole

1-2 in. long ; inflorescences 2 by 4-4 in., hardly interrupted, forming

terminal panicles 2-4 in. in diam., and also remote axillary inflo-

rescences; floral leaves 1-1 in. long, obovate, suddenly contracted

into a small acute tip; bracteoles } in. long, linear; calyx } in. long ;

segments linear, with many gland-headed hairs; corolla 4 in. long ;

capsule 1 in. long, stalked, with 4 tubercular-scabrous flattened seeds

in the upper half.

EasteRN Region: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 786! edges of woods, Berea, near

Durban, 100-200 ft., Wood, 8945! and without precise locality, Gerrard,

1897!

“This plant does not flower every year; it is commonly believed to flower

once in seven years only; this year, 1888, it has produced flowers in great

abundance” ( Wood).

5. I. prolixa (Lindau in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B,

344) ; stems hairy; leaves up to 3 by 1} in,, ovate, pubescent on

the nerves, apex acuminate, base obtusely rhomboid ; petioles up to

12 in. long ; panicles terminal and axillary, loose, most of the lower

flowers solitary but some pedicelled ; floral leaves (here mostly

1-flowered, i.e. bracts) lower ovate-lanceolate, upper linear-Janceo-

late ; bracteoles 4 in. long, linear; calyx } in. long; segments linear,

densely viscous with gland-headed hairs; corolla j—; in. long ;

capsule 3 in. long, stalked, with 4 rough flattened seeds in the upper

half. Justicia proliza, E. Meyer in Drege Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 150, 196. Rhytiglossa prolixa, Nees in DC. Prod.

xi, 336 partly. Ecteinanthus prolixus, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn.

Soc, vii. 45.

Eastern ReGion: Pondoland; St. Johns River, below 1000 ft., Drege !

Various neighbouring species have been sorted with this single collection of

Drage which differs from them by the loose inflorescence ; in the lower flowers,

the pedicel is sometimes }-% in. long between the bract and the bracteoles.

6. I. eckloniana (Lindau in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B,

344); inflorescence much more dense, with no solitary flowers ; calyx-

segments broader, linear, but scarcely acute, otherwise as J. prolixa,

Lindau. Rhytiglossa eckloniana, Nees im Lindl. Nat. Syst. Bot.

ed. ii. 445, in Linnea, xv. 365, and in DC. Prod, xi. 336, Eetei-

nanthus ecklonianus, T'. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 45,

VOL. V. °

82 ACANTHACER (Clarke). [Isoglossa,

Coast Reaction: Uitenhage Div.; in shaded situations, Bowie! Komgha

Div.; near Komgha, 2000 ft., Flanagan, 668!

Eastern Recion: Natal; Groen Berg, Wool, 1619!

7. I. stipitata (C. B. Clarke); hairy; leaves up to 3 by 1+ in.,

ovate, tip acuminate, base rounded or rhomboidal; petioles up to

1 in. long; inflorescences 2} by + in., slightly interrupted at the

base ; bracts 1 in. long, obovate, obtuse with a short linear tip,

obscure in the fruiting spikes ; calyx exceeding + in. in length ;

segments linear, with many gland-headed hairs; capsule 2 in. long,

stalked, with 4 small seeds in the upper half. Rhytiglossa glandu-

losa, Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 71. R&R. prolixa, Nees in DC. Prod.

xi. 336 partly. LEcteinanthus origanoides, T. Anders. in Journ.

Linn. Soe. vii. 45.

PS oaaig REeion: Komgha Div.; near the Kei River, 600 ft., Flanagan,

EasTERN REGION : Natal; in shady woods around Durban Bay, Krauss, 302

(distributed as 502) partly !

The species Rhytiglossa glandulosa, Hochst., is founded on Krauss, 302; Nees

has written “‘ Rhytiglossa proliea’’ and T. Anderson “‘ Ecteinanthus origanoides ”

on the Kew sheet. ‘There are two good fruiting branches and two small

flowering branchlets added. It resembles much J. origanoides, which has the

bracts not obovate, and a much less stipitate capsule. The two small flowering

branchlets I have named Isoglossa Grantii.

8. I. origanoides (Lindau in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B,

344) ; branches rigid; leaves attaining 1 by 1-1 in., pubescent ;

petioles 0-1 in. long; inflorescences terminal, and on the main stem

on short lateral branches, 23 by 3 in., hardly interrupted, with brown

viscid hairs ; bracts or floral leaves 1-2 in. long, broadly lanceolate ;

ealyx } in. long; segments linear, with many gland-headed hairs;

capsule } by 3 in., 4-seeded, very little narrower in the lower half.

Rhytiglossa origanoides, Nees in Lindl. Nat. Syst. Bot. ed. ii. 445,

in Linnea, xv. 365, and in DC. Prod. xi. 336. R. glandulifera,

Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 95. Justicia glundulifera, EB. Meyer in

Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 134, 195 (letter a only)..

Ecteinanthus origanoides, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 45.

Coast Reaion: Alexandria Div. ; in Johannes Kloof, between Enon and the

Zuurberg Range, 1000-2000 ft., Dréye !

9. I. Grantii (C. B. Clarke); branches pubeseent ; leaves up to

1; by 1 in., ovate, acuminate, hairy, base broadly rhomboid ; petiole

up to } in. long; inflorescences terminal on the main stem, and on

short lateral branches, 2 by 3 in., viscid-hairy, hardly interrupted ;

bracts or floral leaves conspicuous, green, 1-1 in. long, spathulate,

* 2 S

broadly obovate, suddenly acuminate ; calyx 1 in. long; segments

linear, with many gland-headed hairs. Rhytiylossa prolixa, Nees in

DC. Prodr. xi. 336 partly.

Eastern Recion: Natal; in shady woods around Durban Bay, Krauss,

302 (distributed as 502) partly! and without precise locality, Grant /

10. I. Bolusii (C. B. Clarke) ; stems 2 ft. long, much branched

upwards, somewhat hairy; leaves attaining 1} by 4% in., ovate,

Lsoglossa. | ACANTHACE® (Clarke). 83

acuminate, slightly hairy, base decurrent; petiole rarely attaining

zo in. in length; inflorescences terminal on the main stem, and on

short lateral branches, attaining 2 by } in., slender, interrupted

viscid-hairy ; floral leaves (or bracts) in the upper half of the

inflorescence oblong, very small, often less thun 2 in. long; bracteoles

similar but smaller; calyx 3-1 in. long; segments linear, with

many gland-headed hairs; corolla 4 in. long, rather slender; capsule

3 in. long, stalked, 4-seeded.

Sourm Arrica: without precise locality, Masson /

mata REGION; Stockenstrom Div.; Kat Berg, Shaw in Bolus Herb.,

Katanari Reeion: Transvaal; in wooded ravines near Barberton, 3000 ft.,

Galpin, 456! 958!

11. I. Macowanii (C. B. Clarke); stems and leaves sparingly

pubescent ; leaves 1-11 by 2 in., broadly elliptic, not acumi-

nate; petioles 1—% in. long; inflorescences scattered, many on the

lower branches, interrupted, few-flowered, only slightly viscous ;

bracts (even the upper ones) ovate or broadly lanceolate, often

exceeding the calyx; calyx + in. long; segments oblong-linear,

white-hispid and also with some gland-headed hairs; corolla ¢ by

i in., considerably larger than in the 2 preceding species.

Coast Rea@rion: Albany Div.; without precise locality, Cooper, 1519!

CENTRAL KeGion: Somerset Div.; edges of woods on the Bosch Berg, 2000-

2800 ft., MacOwan, 933! Bolus, 299!

Eastegn Recion: Natal; without precise locality, Cooper, 2876!

12. I. delicatula (C. B. Clarke); stems and leaves sparingly

pubescent ; leaves up to 13 by 1 in,, elliptic, acuminate at either

end; petioles up to} in. long; infloreseences up to 1} by } in.,

interrupted, loose, sparingly hairy ; bracts lanceolate, about } in.

long, bracteoles similar but rather shorter ; calyx } in. long; segments

linear, with some gland-headed hairs ; corolla {—} in. long.

Coast Recion: King Williamstown Div.; Perie woods, 2500 ft., Z'yson,

1046!

Eastern Reqaion: Natal; Umkomaas, 4000-3000 ft., Wood, 4607!

18. I. hypoestifiora (Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xx. 58) ; sparingly

hairy, branches 8-20 in. long; leaves up to 3 by 1 in, elliptic,

acuminate, base narrowed ; petiole up to 14 in. long; flowers in small

loose panicles, mostly towards the ends of the branches ; bracts up

to § by 2 in., linear-oblong ; bracteoles much smaller, rnd Oxlade

thinly hispid with non-glandular white hairs ; calyx 4 in. long 5

segments linear, pubescent ; corolla-tube { by 3’5 1n., hardly widened

upwards ; anticous lip 2 by } in., ovate, nearly entire ; posticous

lip 2-2 in. long, linear-oblong ; stamens 2 ; anther-cells oblong,

muticous, one completely above the other; pollen globose,

compressed, circular faces smooth with a few scattered prickles

and a stopple in the centre of each ; pistil glabrous; style very

shortly 2-lobed; capsule 3 by } in., 4-seeded, the placente not

rising elastically from the base ; foals roughly wrinkled, Justicia

84 ACANTHACE® (Clarke). — [hsoglossa.

tridentata, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 150,

196. Gendarussa tridentata, Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 95. Ramusia

tridentata, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 309; 7. Anders. in Journ. Linn.

Soc. vii. 50. Peristrophe sp., Benth. in Benth. & Hook. f. Gen.

Pi tis 4122. .

EasTERN ReGion: Pondoland; St. Johns River, under 1000 ft., Drége!

and without precise locality, Bachmann, 1283 ; Griqualand East ; Clydesdale,

4000 ft., Tyson, 2142! Natal; near Durban, 200 ft., Wood, 7477! and without

precise locality, Gueinzius! Gerrard, 1898! af

A shrub 12-16 ft, high (Lindau),

14. I. Cooperi (C. B. Clarke); branchlets, bracts and bracteoles

viscid-hairy with gland-headed hairs; leaves up to 2 by % in.;

corolla 11 in. long ; otherwise as I. hypoestiflora.

EasteRgn Reoion: Griqualand Hast; Zuurberg Range, 4000 ft., Tyson,

1774! Natal; Umgeni Falls. Cooper, 1183 !

This appears, from the stoutness of the branches in herbarium specimens, to

be a large shrub like I. hypoestiflora ; the leaves are smaller, the bracts rather

narrower, and the corolla rather smaller.

XXVII. PERISTROPHE, Nees.

Calyx small; segments 5, nearly separate, linear-lanceolate.

Corolla medium-sized, pink ; tube linear, hardly widened upwards;

lips 2, long, posticous narrow, subentire. Stamens 2; anther-

cells 2, muticous, one much above the other; pollen oblong-ellipsoid,

banded longitudinally. Style with 2 very short oblong branches.

Capsule 4-seeded, on a cylindric stalk ; placentz not rising elastically

from the capsule-base. Spikelets panicled, pedicelled, about 2-1 in,

by 5 in, glabrous or minutely puberulous, containing usually

1 perfect and 1 imperfect flower; bracts 2, rather longer than the

. linear-lanceolate ; bracteoles to each flower 2, similar, rather

shorter,

Species 20 in the warmer regions of the Old World.

This genus differs from Dicliptera only in that the placentze do not, in the ripe

fruit, rise elastically from the base of the capsule valves. The 5 Cape species,

here recorded, are easily separated from everything else, though perhaps they

form only one large species. The Cape Ramusia, reduced to Peristrophe by

Bentham, is here, as by Lindau, placed in Isoglossz, of which it has the watch-

shaped pollen,

Whole plant glabrate : .

Panicles rather dense, interspersed with leaves ... (1) caulopsila. —

Panicles very straggling, almost leafless... .. (2) bicalyculata.

Panicles stout, rather dense, almost leafless ... (3) Hensii,

Leaves persistently thinly hairy :

Spikelets 4 in. long; corolla Zin. long... ... (4) cernua,

Spikelets 4-4 in. long; corolla 1 in, long ... ... (5) natalensis.

1. P. caulopsila (Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 95); glabrate; leaves

(lower) attaining 13 by 2 in., elliptic, acuminate at either end;

petiole up to } in. long, but all the upper leaves much smaller ;

panicle 14 by 5 in., compound, dense with numerous pedicelled spike-

Peristrophe. | ACANTHACEE (Clarke). 85

lets and small leaves; spikelets about + by ~; in., 2 outer bracts

1 by +; in.; corolla 2-8 in. long. Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 498;

T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc, vii. 48 partly ; Lindau in Engl. §

Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 331. Justicia caulopsila, E. Meyer

in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 137, 195. J. acinoides,

Hort, Kew. ex Nees in DC. Prod. xi, 498.

Coast Region: Uitenhage Div.; in thickets by the Sunday River, Bowie!

Queenstown Div. ; Gwatyn, 2900 ft., Galpin, 2044!

CentrRAL ReGion: Somerset Div.; between the Zuurberg Range and Klein

Bruintjeshoogte, 2000-2500 ft., Drége ! “Otter Station” on Little Fish River,

Burchell, 3263! Somerset East ; 1500 ft., Bolus, 1652 partly !

2. P. bicalyculata (Nees in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. iii. 113); panicle

large, straggling, thin, with elongated branches and scantily leafy;

otherwise as P. caulopsila, Presl. Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 496; T.

Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 47; Lindau in Engl. & Prantl,

Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 331, and in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C.371; C. B.

Clarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 242. Dianthera bicalyculata,

Retz. in Vet. Acad. Handl. [1775] 297, ¢. 9.

WestTERN ReGion: Great Namaqualand; Homeib River, Schinz, 19!

An abundant plant in Tropical Africa and India.

Dr. Schinz’s example cited is quite typical P. bicalyculata, but among the

quantity of specimens, admitted as P. bicalyeculata, some are very near Fe

caulopsila.

3. P. Hensii (C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 248) ; stems

stout, strongly hexagonal even in the panicle; panicle rigid ;

ultimate peduncles short, stout ; leaves few ; corolla often exceeding

1 in. in length; otherwise as P. bicalyeulata, Nees. Dicliptera

Hensii, Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xxii, 120.

Coast Region: Uitenhage Div.; Tredgold! Komgha Div, ; near Komgha,

2000 ft., Flanagan, 721! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 161!

Eastern Recion: Natal; Umhlanga, Wood, 609!

Also in Tropical Africa.

4. P. cernua (Nees in Linnwa, xv. 374); leafy upwards ; leaves

persistently hairy ; inflorescences very small, from the lower part of

the branches, of 1-4 spikelets ; otherwise as P. caulopsila, Presl.

Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 498; Hook. Journ. Bot. i. (1840) 126. P.

caulopsila, T. Anders, in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 48 partly. Justicia

capensis, Ecklon ex Nees in DC. Prodr. xi. 498.

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div.; near the Zwartkops River, Ecklon ¥

neers lopsila ; but

T, Anderson had good reason for calling this only a form of P. caulopsila ; bu

it appears to me nulte as well separable from P. caulopsila as is P. bicalyculata,

which T, Anderson admitted as specifically distinct.

5. P. natalensis (T. Anders. in Journ, Linn. Soc. vii. 48);

branches stout, hexagonal, often scabrous or hispid on the angles (as

is P. bicalyculata sometimes) ; leaves up to 2 by { in., ovate-lanceo-

late, rhomboid at the base, persistently hairy ; inflorescence 16 by

86 ACANTHACE® (Clarke), | Peristrophe.

6 in., leafy, dense with numerous spikelets; outer bracts up to

z in. long, linear, often rather widened upwards (i.e. narrowly

subspathulate) ; calyx nearly 1 in. long; corolla exceeding 1 in. in

length.

Eastern Reoion : Natal; without precise locality, Gueinzius! Grant!

Imperfectly known Species.

6. P. Krebsii (Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 94) ; a glabrous shrub ; leaves

nearly 1 by 2 in., lanceolate, cuspidate, narrowed at the base,

petioled ; peduncles axillary, solitary, as long as the petiole, bifid ;

pedicels shorter than the leaf, with setaceous bracts at their base ;

bracteoles 2, unequal, enclosing the calyx, one similar to the calyx-

segments, the other longer, cuspidate ; corolla white, thrice the

length of the calyx; anther-cells divaricate ; style very long.

Soura Arrica: without precise locality, Krebs, 251!

XXVIII. HYPOESTES.

Spikelets containing 1 flower with a rudiment of a second ;

bracts 2, free or united at the base into a tube. Calyx much

smaller than the bracts, divided nearly to the base; sepals 5, linear.

Corolla pink or white ; tube slender, dilated near the top; lips 2,

long. Stamens 2; anthers l-celled, muticous; pollen ellipsoid,

longitudinally banded. Ovary with 2-1 ovules in each cell; style

shortly and equally 2-fid. Capsule small, stalked, 4- or 2-seeded ;

placente not rising elastically from the base of the capsule ; seeds

smooth or rough, not hairy,

Herbs or shrubs ; leaves entire, often wavy on the margins ; cymes of spike-

lets axillary and terminal, in heads or elongate into dense or loose spikes.

Species 60 ; extending from Africa to Australia.

Bracts of the spikelet free to the base :

Bracts of the spikelet oblong at the base, linear

in the upper half:

Leaves usually 1-2} in, long +» (1) aristata.

Leaves usually 2-4 in. long ... Pre -.. (2) antennifera.

Bracts of the spikelet narrowly obovate, very

obtuse :

Lower bract 4-3 in. long... Sts ... (3) triflora.

Lower bract 2-$ in. long... ee ... (4) phaylopsoides,

Bracts of the spikelet connate at the base into a

distinct tube : :

Bracts of the spikelet hairy or densely pubes-

cent Ses ie i wes ves -.. (5) verticillaris,

Bracts of the spikelet glabrate or scarcely

puberulous at st ate fee -- (6) Forskalei.

1. H. aristata (R. Br. Prod. 474, in Obs.) ; more or less pubescent ;

branches 1-2 ft. long; leaves 1-2 by 3-1 in., ovate, narrowed at

both ends ; petiole 0—2 in. long ; heads globose, axillary, of numerous

1-flowered spikelets ; bracts of the spikelet free, 2 in. long, lower

half linear-oblong, upper half bristle-like } two bracteoles 4-1 in.

Hypoestes. | ACANTHACEH® (Clarke). 87

long, linear-oblong ; second flower with its bracteoles generally

wanting ; corolla 2 in. in total length; capsule 3 in. long, glabrous ;

seeds 4, smooth. Nees in Linnea, xv. 875, and in DC. Prod. xi.

509; #. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 129, 193;

Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 70; T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii.

48 ; Lindau in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 333, and in

Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 371; C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr.

v. 245. Justicia aristata, Vahl, Symb. ii, 2.

Coast REeGion: Knysna Div.; near the mouth of the Knysna River, Bowie!

Humausdorp Div. ; in a wooded kloof, near Humansdorp, 450 ft., Galpin, 4394!

amongst shrubs by the Kabeljouws River, Bolus, 2423! Uitenhage Div. ; without

precise locality, Cooper, 1495! Tredgold, 36! Port Htizabeth Div. ; on sand-hil!s

and rocky shores near Port Elizabeth, below 100 ft., Dréye ! near Port Elizabeth,

Burchell, 4819! 4888! Algoa Bay, Forbes! Albany Div.; near Grahamstown,

Ecklon § Zeyher, 876! Atherstone, 11! Read! Burchell, 3584/2! Bunbury!

Bathurst Div.; near Theopolis, Burchell, 4110! King Williamstown Div. ;

Keiskamma, Hutton !

Kauanart Region: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 1037! 3042! Transvaal ;

Houtboseh, Rekmann, 6185! Barberton, 2000 ft., Galpin, 644!

EAsteERN KnGIoN: Natal; De Beers Pass, 5000-6000 ft., Wood, 6022!

Also in South-east Tropical Africa.

2. H. antennifera (S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1880, 41) ; leaves up

to 4-5 by 2-21 in., pubescent on the underface or sometimes with

many long hairs along the nerves, often very thin in texture ;

petioles up to 1-11 in. long; bracts of the spikelets often 4} in.

long; corolla often 1 in. long; otherwise as H. aristata, R. Br.

Lindau in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 333, and in Engl.

Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 871; C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 245.

H. aristata, var. macrophylla, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 510. H. plumosa,

E. Meyes-in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 153, 193.

Souru Arrica: without precise locality, Zeyher, 1396!

Coasr Reeion: British Kaffraria; near Breakfast Viev, Cooper, 3037!

KALAHARI Region: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 8036! :

Eastern ReGion: Pondoland; between St. Johns River and Umtsikaba

ae 10€0 ft., Drege ! Natal ; without precise locality, Plant, 99! Gerrard, 10!

rant!

Also in East Tropical Africa.

3. H. triflora (Roem. et Schult. Syst. i. 141) ; more or less hairy,

stems 1-3 ft. long; leaves 2} by 1 in. (or often smaller), ovate,

narrowed at either end ; petioles 34 in. long; spikelets 5 or fewer

(often 3) together in scattered heads, sometimes solitary, mostly 1-

flowered ; 2 outer bracts free, }—} by §-j In., narrowly obovate-oblong,

subobtuse; corolla 2 in. in tetal length; capsule nearly } in. long,

glabrous, 4-seeded. Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 506; T. Anders. in Journ,

‘Linn. Soc. vii. 50; Lindau in Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B,

333; CO. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 557, and in Dyer,

Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 247. Justicta triflora, Forsk. Fl. Aigypt.-Arab. 4.

Eastern Recion: Tembuland; Bazeia, 2500 ft., Baur, 109! Griqualand

East; Uinzimkulu district, in Euyembi woods, 5000 ft., Tyson, 2547! Natal ;

88 “ACANTHACE® (Clarke). [ ITypoestes.

Mount West, 5200 ft., Schlechter, 6829! Polela District, Foureade in Wood

Herb. 4282!

Frequent in Tropical Africa and India.

4. H. phaylopsoides (S. Moore in Trans. Linn. Soe. ser. 2, Bot.

iv. 34) ; lower bract of the spikelet attaining $ by 1 in., upper con-

siderably smaller ; otherwise as H. triflora. Lindau in Engl. Pf.

Ost-Afr. C. 371; O. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 248.

KatanarI Reeion: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 3035! Transvaal ;

Barberton, 3000 ft., Galpin, 959!

Eastern ReGion: Natal; Noods Berg, Wood, 1058!

Also in South-east Tropical Africa.

This species resembles closely the large-leaved forms of H. triftora, Roem. &

Schult.

5. H. verticillaris (R. Br. Prod. 474, in Obs.) ; more or less hairy ;

branches 1-3 ft. long; leaves 22 by 1 in,, elliptic-laneeolate, some-

times larger, wavy-crenate on the margins, narrowed at either end ;

petioles 1-8 in. long; spikelets in axillary clusters or more often

the short peduncle carrying an oblong or linear spike of clusters ;

2 outer bracts to each spikelet connate at the base into a distinct

tube, 4 in, in total length, pubescent or hairy, the free tips narrowly

oblong ; corolla 1-1 in. long ; capsule 4-3 In. long, smooth, often

2-seeded. Nees in Linnea, xv. 376, in DC. Prod. xi. 507; Krauss

in Flora, 1845, 70; T. Anders.in Journ. Linn Soe. vii. 48; Lindau

tn Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 63, t. 2, fig. 73, in Engl. § Prantl, Pllanzenfam.

iv. 3B, 332, 333, fig. 184 A-C, and in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. CG. 371;

Rolfe in Oates, Matabeleland, ed. ii. 406; C. B. Clarke in Dyer, Fi.

Trop. Afr. v. 250; Schinz in Mém. Herb. Boiss. x. 64. HI, poly-

morpha, E, Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 123,

159, 193. H. elinopodia, Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 508, fide T. Anders.

le. Justicia verticillaris, Linn. J. Suppl. 85; Thunb. Prod. 104,

and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 479. Dicliptera verticillaris, Juss. in

Ann. Mus. Paris, ix. (1807) 268.

Soutn Arrica: without precise locality, Zeyher, 1397!

Coast Reeion : Caledon Div. ; Hang Klip, Mund § Maire! Swellendam

Div.! in moist situations, Bowie / George Div.; near George, Drége ! Humans-

dorp Div. ; by the Kabeljouws River, Bolus, 2424! Uitenhage Div.; Grassrug,

near Uitenhage, Baur! and without precise locality, Ecklon & Zeyher, 78!

Pappe! Masson! Tredgold, 28! Rehmann! Albany Div. ; Grahamstown,

Bunbury ! and without precise locality, Cooper, 1540! Atherstone, 41! Hast

London Div. ; sea coast, Galpin, 1880! King Williams Town Div. ; 1500 ft.,

rer 1016! Catheart Diy. ; Wiudvogel Mountain near Goshen, 3500 ft., Baur,

CENTRAL ReGion: Somerset Div. ; Somerset East, 2000 ft., Bolus, 298!

Bowker! bruintjes Hoogte, on the lower part, Burchell, 2987 !

KataHaRt Reeion: Orange River Colony ; Vaal River, Burke ! Transvaal ;

Apies Puort, near Pretoria, Rehmann, 4106 ! Barberton, 3000 ft., Galpin, 957!

between Spitz Kop and Komati River, Wilms, 1198!

Eastern Rea@ion: Tembuland ; Bazeia, 2500 ft., Baur, 167! Natal; near

Durban, Drege! near Byrne, Wood, 1818! Inanda, Wood, 874! Pietermaritz-

borg, Oates! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 1270! Cooper, 3033!

Zululand; bntameni, Wood, 3968 ! Delagou Bay, Junod, 380,

Hypoestes. | ACANTHACEX (Clarke). 89

Abundant in Tropical Africa.

Nees cites ‘‘ Hypoestes clinopodia, E. Meyer in Cat. Pl. Drage, a 1837.”

I find no such Hypoestes in Drége’s book of 1843. Nees (as usual) omits to

cite the page. The Hypoestes clinopodia cited by Nees is not an error for

Justicia clinopodia, HE. Meyer, which is a dissimilar plant, referred by Nees

himself to Dicliptera. Moreover, T. Anderson in reducing the Hypoestes

clinopodia, Nees, says that his was the plaut collected by Drége.

6. H. Forskalei (R. Br. Prod. 474, in Obs.); stem and leaves

‘nearly glabrous; leaves up to 13 by 2 in., lanceolate, obtuse ;

2 outer bracts of the spikelet glabrate or scarcely puberulous ;

otherwise as H. verticillaris, KR. Br. Nees in DO. Prod. xi. 507; T.

Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 49; Lindau in Engl. & Prantl,

Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B, 333, and in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. CO. 371; O. B.

Clarke in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 249. H. depauperata, Lindau in

Engl. Jahrb, xx.52. Justicia paniculata, Forsk. Fl. Afgypt.-Arab. 4.

J. Forskalei, Vahl, Symb. i. 2.

KALAHARI Ree@ion: Bechuanaland; near the pass in Kamhanin Mountains,

Burchell, 2182! Kuruman, Marloth, 1120!

Frequent in Tropical Africa.

Imperfectly known Species.

7. H. menthefolia (E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 160, 193).

SourH Arrica: Natal; hills near Durban, below 500 ft., Drége.

This name is not mentioned either by Nees or by T. Auderson.

8. H. glabrata (Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 96).

Sout Arrica ; without precise locality, Krebs, 252.

XXIX. MACRORUNGIA, C. B. Clarke.

Calyx divided about half-way down into 5 lanceolate segments.

Corolla red; tube about 3 in, long; anticous lip 1 in. long er more,

outside in the bud; posticous lip exceeding 1 by 4 in., emarginate.

Stamens 2; tilaments much exserted; anther-cells 2, oblong, muti-

cous, one a little below the other ; pollen ellipsoid, with several

rows of small tubercles and 2 stopples, longitudinal bands obseure.

Capsule ovoid or oblong-ovoid ; placent# rising elastically from the

base of the valves.

Shrubs; leaves entire, ultimately glabrous; flowers in strobilate spikes ;

bracts prominent, imbricate.

Species 3 in Tropical Africa, besides the one here described,

If the genus is sunk, the species must be placed in Rungia, as by T, Anderson.

1. M. longistrobus (C. B. Clarke); a shrub; branches, young

leaves beneath, and innovations densely shortly white hairy ; leaves

5 by 12 in., narrowed at either end, soon glabrate, tip obtuse ;

petiole 2 in. long; spikes 3 by { in., terminal on the main stem and

on short axillary branches ; bracts } by } in., imbricate, green with

90 ACANTHACEX (Clarke). [Macrorungia.

scarious margins, nearly glabrous ; bracteoles minute ; calyx 2 in.

long, minutely but densely hairy within and without ; styles 14 in.

long.

KALAHARI Rxeion: Transvaal ; Avoca, near Barberton, 1800 ft., Galpin,

There is no fruit on Galpin’s excellent specimen; but the corolla and stamens

are so closely like those of M. pubinervis (of which the ripe fruit is known) that

these two plants must be congeneric.

XXX. DICLIPTERA, Juss.

Bracts 2, much longer than the calyx, containing 1 (more rarely 2)

flowers; bracteoles 2, linear. Calyx ¢ in. long or less, divided to

the base; segments 5, linear, hairy. Corolla 1-1 in. long, pink,

deeply 2-lipped; tube linear-funnel-shaped, Stamens 2; anther-

cells 2, muticous, one much below the other; pollen ellipsoid,

longitudinally banded, without tubercles. Ovules 9 in each cell ;

style with 2 subequal very short lobes, Capsule 1-1 in. long,

ovoid, very much flattened laterally, 4-seeded ; the placentae rising

elastically from the base of the capsule-valves; seeds rough or

tubercled.

Herbs ; leaves entire; spikelets solitary, clustered or capitate,

Species 60 ; in the tropical and subtropical regions of both hemispheres.

Bracts broad, ovate or somewhat obovate:

Leaves 2-3 in. long; spikelets from one axil

numerous a ae oc sy oe

Leaves 2-3 in. long; spikelets 1-5 (commonly

3) from one axil oc ie ae ses

— 7-1 in. long; spikelets 1-3 from one

axi Ms ee ie cae oes is

—— cuneate-oblong, acute or obtuse or lanceo-

te:

(1) heterostegia.

(2) zeylanica,

(3) capensis.

Bracts 4-% by 3 in., lanceolate, not widened

upwards ;

Bracts % in. long, acute, mucronate (4) clinopodia.

Bracts 4 in. long, not mucronate... ... (5) transvaalensis.

Bracts 4 by 3 in. cuneate-oblong with rounded

tip ae ey sis “ts ce - (6) Quintasii.

Bracts 4 by j,-4 in., broadly -lanceolate +» (7) minor,

1, D. heterost-gia (Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 95); stems 2 ft. long,

hairy or nearly glabrous ; leaves up to 3} by 2 in., much narrowed

at either end ; petioles long, some attaining 21 in.; inflorescences

13-2 in. in diam., of many spikelets, rather dense, in many of the

axils ; bracts paired, shortly pedicelled, 4-+ in. broad, sparsely hairy,

enclosing 1 (or 1-3) flowers, lower ovate, acuminate, acute, or

mucronate, upper rather shorter, rounded at the top, somewhat

scarious ; bracteoles 1 in. long, linear-lanceolate ; sepals 1 in. long,

linear; corolla 2 in. long; capsule 3 in, long, very hairy on its

narrow margins, Nees in DO. Prod. xi. 478 ; T. Anders. in Journ.

Linn, Soc. vii. 47. Justicia hetercstegia, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei

Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 152, 195.

Dicliptera. } ACANTHACES (Clarke). 91

EasTeRN Reeion: Pondoland; between St. Johns River and Umsikaba

River, 1000-2000 ft., Drege! Natal; Clairmont, below 400 ft., Wood, 1309!

and without precise locality, Gerrard, 26!

2. D. zeylanica (Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 474); stems 2 ft. long,

sparsely hairy; leaves up to 3} by 1% in,, ovate-lanceolate, thinly

hairy, secondary nerves raised conspicuously on the under face ;

petioles up to 1-1} in. ; inflorescences axillary, loose, of 3-1 (rarely

5) spikelets on pedicels 3-1 in. long; bracts 1-2 by 2 in., obovate-

elliptic, acute, mucronate ; calyx, corolla and fruit as in D. hetero-

stegia, Presl. C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 552. D.

bivalvis, Nees in DO. Prod. xi. 475 partly; Wight, Ill. Nat. Ord.

Ind, Pl. ii. 191, t. 164 b, fig. 10, and Ie, Plant. v. t. 1551; 7.

Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. ix. 519, not of Jussieu.

Coast ReEeion: Cape Div.; near the Cape of Good Hope Promontory,

Oldenburg! Komgha Div.; in woods near the mouth of the Kei River, 100 ft.,

Flanagan, 801!

Frequent in the Indian Peninsula and Ceylon. Hardly differs specifically

from D. heterostegia.

3. D. capensis (Nees in Linnea, xv. 373) ; sparingly hairy ; stems

4-18 in. long, slender; leaves 1 by 3 in., tip triangular, base obtuse ;

petioles up to 2 in. long ; inflorescences axillary, thin, of 3-1 spike-

lets; bracts 2 in, long and nearly as broad, round or ovate or somewhat

obovate, both usually shortly acuminate, mucronate; corolla 3 in.

long ; capsule + in. long, very hairy on the margins. Nees in DC.

Prod. xi. 481; 7. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 47 ; Lindau in

Engl. § Prantl, Pflanzerfam. iv. 3B, 333. D. propinqua, Nees in

Linnea, xv. 373, and in DC. Prod. xi. 477. Tyloglossa pubescens,

Hochst. in Flova, 1845, 71%

Coast Rereion: Riversdale Div. ; between the Ganritz River and Great Vals

River, Burchell, 6523! Uitenhage Div.; near the Zwartkops River, Ecklon /

King Williamstown Div. ; near King Williamstown, 1600 ft., Tyson. 1013!

CENTRAL RxeGion: Somerset Div. ; between Little Fish River and Comma-

dagga, Burchell, 3280! Albert Div.; without precise locality, Cooper, 1767!

4. D. clinopodia (Nees in DC. Prod. xi. 483); pubescent or

hairy, the branches and leaves often becoming nearly glabrate ;

branches 1-2 ft. long ; leaves 21 by 1 in., narrowed at either end ;

petioles up to 3-1 in. long; spikelets in dense heads, the terminal

1: by 1 in,, the axillary often much shorter; bracts } by } in,

oblong-lanceolate, acute, not widened upwards ; bracteoles { in. long,

linear-lanceolate; sepals } in. long, linear; corolla 1 in. long; ~

capsule hardly exceeding } in. in length, minutely hairy on the

margins. J. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 47. Justicia

clinopodia, EB. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 158,

195.

Katanart Region: Orange River Colony ; Vaal River, Burke ! Transvaal ;

at Sterk Spruit near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1191! ae ;

Eastern RecGion: Natal; in the valley of the Umlazi River, Drege! Great

Noods Berg, 3000 ft., Wood, 4280! Delagoa Bay; by the Crocodile River near

Louws Creek, 1400 ft., MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm, Aust.-Afr., 1339!

92 ACANTHACE® (Clarke). [ Dicliptera.

5. D. transvaalensis (C. B. Clarke); branches patently hairy ;

leaves (upper only seen) 11 by %_in., elliptic-lanceolate, acute,

hairy, base cuneate ; petiole 4, in. long ; inflorescence 4 by 1 in.,

terminal, compound, of rather close panicles ; bracts 3-3 by 2 in.,

lanceolate or linear-oblong, closely and shortly hairy, not mucronate ;

corolla 3 in. long; stamens 2 ; anther-cells 2, muticous, one above

the other.

Katanari Recion: Transvaal; without precise locality, Holub!

6. D. Quintasii (Lindau in Engl. Jahrb. xxii, 121); branches

1 ft. long, 6-angular, hairy or almost hispid ; leaves up to 12 by 1 in.

Jong, rhomboid-elliptic, narrowed at the base, pubescent ; petioles

up to $ in. long; heads 2-1 in, in diam., of few or many spikelets,

terminal or axillary and on axillary peduncles 1-2 in, long; lower

bract 3-} by 3 in., cuneate-oblong, rounded at the tip with a minute

bristle, slightly hairy ; bracteoles + in. long, linear-lanceolate ; sepals

in. long, linear ; corolla $ in. long; capsule 4~% In. long, minutely

hairy on the margins. Schinz in Mém. Herb. Boiss. x. 64,

Eastern Region: Tembuland; along river banks near Bazeia, 2000 ft.,

Bawr, 150! Natal ; Biggars Berg, Rehmann, 7100! Lorenzo Marques; Quintas,

85!

This species is very close to D. angolensis, 8. Moore, which has wider bracteoles.

7. D. minor (C. B. Clarke); nearly glabrate except the ealyx;

branches 5-7 in. long, slender ; leaves up to $ by 4 in., narrowed at

either end, tip ubtuse ; petiole up to x in. long; spikelets in clusters

of 38-5, axillary and on axillary peduncles 2 in. long; lower bract

3 by +5-# in., broadly lanceolate, hardly aeute ; bracteoles + in.

long, linear-lanceolate ; sepals less than % in. long, linear, minutely

hairy ; corolla } in. long ; capsule ; in. long.

Kaxanart Region: Griqualand West, Hay Div.; Klipfontein, Burchell,

2147! Bechuanaland; Kakwena Territory, 3500 ft., Holub! Transvaal,

without precise locality, Hulud!

Oxver CII. MYOPORINEZ.

(By R. A. Rore.)

Flowers hermaphrodite, irregular or nearly regular. Culyx inferior,

5-partite or 5-loLed. Corolla gamopetalous ; tube short and some-

what campanulate, or elongate and infundibuliform ; limb subequal,

oblique or bilabiate, 5- (or rarely 6-) lobed ; lobes imbricate, the two

posticous often exterior, sometimes deeply connate. Stamens 4,

didynamous or subequal, rarely as many as the corolla-lobes,

inserted on the corolla and alternating with its lobes, included

or exserted ; filaments filiform or thickened at the base ; anthers

normally 2-celled ; cells at first parallel, afterwards diverging from

the confluent apex, dehiscing longitudinally. Disc hypogynous,

MYOPORINEE (Rvlfe). 93

small or nearly obsolete. Ovary superior, 2-celled or more or less

perfectly 3-10-celled by the intrusion of septa between the ovules ;

ovules when the ovary is 2-celled 2 in each cell and collateral or 4-8 in

superposed pairs, when the ovary is many-celled solitary, anatropous,

with a superior micropyle ; style simple, terminal, short or somewhat

elongated, filiform; stigma terminal, small, entire or obscurely

emarginate, rarely oblique. rut drupaceous, indehiseent ; exocarp

fleshy, succulent or rarely dry; endocarp hard or thin, 2-celled or

the cells as numerous as the seeds, rarely breaking up into pyrenes.

Seeds 2-10, usually solitary, in cells arranged in one series round the

axis, very rarely superposed (the upper ovules being generally

abortive), pendulous, oblong; testa membranous or somewhat

thickened ; albumen fleshy, slender or nearly absent; embryo

straight or slightly curved; radicle terete, superior; cotyledons

semiterete, slightly broader and shorter (rarely longer) than the

radicle.

Erect or diffuse herbs, shrubs or rarely trees, glabrous, tomentose, canescent,

lepidote or pubescent. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, entire or rarely

dentate, exstipulate. Flowers axillary, solitary or fascicled, subsessile or

pedicellate. Bracts small or absent.

Distris.—Genera 6, and species about 80, mostly Australian, with a few _

Polynesian representatives; 1 in the Sandwich Islands, 1 in Mauritius, 2

others in China and Japan, 1 in the West Indies, a somewhat doubtful one in

Tropical Africa, and the two following in South Africa.

Baillon (Hist. Pl. ix. 420) reduces Myoporinee to the rank of a tribe of Serophu-

lariacee, but Wettstein (Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam, iv. 3B, 354) follows

Bentham in regarding it as a distinet order, which is more in accordance with its

characters,

I. OFTIA, Adans.

Culyz 5-partite; segments narrow, acuminate, not enlarging in

fruit. Corolla-tube cylindrical, equal or slightly dilated at the

villous throat; limb spreading, 5-lobed ; lobes obovate, subequal.

Stamens 4, subequal, affixed to the middle of the tube, included ;

filaments short; anthers oblong, affixed about the middle of the

back; cells parallel, ultimately somewhat confluent at the apex.

Ovary 2-celled; style included within the corolla-tube; stigma

oblong, oblique, somewhat thickened; ovules 4-6 in each cell,

superposed in pairs. Drupe small, globose, succulent; putamen

1-2-celled. Seeds often solitary through abortion, oblong, somewhat

curved ; testa somewhat thickened ; albumen fleshy, slender; embryo

small, rather shorter than the albumen (Bocquillon).

Villous or sometimes viscid-pubescent much-branched shrubs; leaves alternate,

or the lower opposite or somewhat. verticillate, sessile, serrulate, often small;

flowers white, sessile or shortly pedicelled in the upper axils, ebracteate.

Distris. Species 2, endemic.

Leaves ovate or broad, 4-4 in. long, nearly flat... «» (1) africana.

Leaves lanceolate or narrow, }-1 in. long, with more or

oe vos ... (2) revoluta,

less revolute margin Bee oied

94 MYOPORINER (Rolfe). [ Oftia.

1. 0. africana (Bocq. ex Baill. Adansonia, ii. 11); branches

striate, strongly pubescent, the younger having narrow dentate

wings formed by the decurrent leaf-bases; leaves numerous and

crowded, sessile, ovate or ovate-oblong, acute, strongly dentate,

pubescent or hispidulous, 3-1} in. long, 3-10 lin. broad; flowers

axillary, solitary, shortly pedicelled; calyx narrowly campanulate,

glandular-hispidulous, 23-3 lin. long; lobes subulate, about six

times as long as the tube ; corolla white, with a slender blue streak

at the base of each lobe; tube narrowly oblong, 3-4 lin. long,

hispidulous outside ; lobes subequal, obovate-orbieular, crenulate,

2-3 lin. long; fruit subglobose, 2-22 lin. diam. Lantana ? africana,

Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 628 ; Thunb. Prod. 98, and FI. Cap. ed. Schult.

458 ; Att. Hort. Kew. ed. i, ii. 352. L. erispa, Thunb. Prod. 98;

and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 458. L. capensis, Thunb. Prod. 98; and

Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 459. Spielmannia Jasminum, Medic. in Act.

Acad. Theod. Palat. iii., Phys. 196, t. 15; Schauer in DC. Prod.

xi. 526. 8S. africana, Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 321; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed.

li. iv. 45; Pers. Syn. i. 141; Lam. Ill. i. 337, t. 85; Bot. Mag.

t. 1899; E. Meyer, Comm. 273, and in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengevgr.

Documente, 71, 86, 223. ws. decurrens, Moench, Meth, 479.

Sourn Arrica: without precise locality, Ecklon, 765! Harvey, 511} Sieber,

156! Thom, 268! 677!

‘Coast Kxeion: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Gift Berg, 1500-2500 ft., Drége!

Clanwilliam Div.; Clanwilliam, Mader in MacOwan Herb. 2174! Cape Div. ;

Table Mountain, 500 ft., Bolus, 2927! Thunberg. Lions Head, Pappe! Devils

Peak, Wolley Dod, 635! Cape Flats, near Rondebosch, Burchell, 220! Simons

Bay, Mac Gillivray, 668! Milne, 1127! Paarl] Div.; Paarl Mountains, 800-

1500 ft., Drege! Worcester Div., Baines Kloof, Hutton ! Caledon Div. ; near the

River Zonder Kinde, 500 ft., Galpin, 4396! Riversdale Div.; Garcias Pass, on

the summit of a mountain ridge, 3000 ft., Galpin, 4895!

Spielmannia Jasminum var. nitida (Schauer in DO. Prod. xi. 526) based

cn a specimen collected by Drége and said to have leaves only half as large,

“

scabrid, and shining on both surfaces, is a plant which I have not seen, unless

Drége’s Paarl specimens be identical,

2. 0. revoluta (Bocq. ex Baill. Adansonia, ii, 12); branches

villous-pubescent ; leaves numerous, subadpressed to the stem and

much imbricate, narrowly ovate-lanceolate, subacute, strongly dentate

and revolute at the margin, densely villous, 2-4 lin. long ; flowers

axillary, solitary, subsessile ; calyx narrowly campanulate, 18-2 lin.

long, glandular-hispidulous ; lobes subulate-linear, acute, about eight

times as long as the tube; corolla white ; tube narrowly-oblong,

23-3 lin. long; lobes obovate-oblong, 2 lin. long; fruit globose,

1i lin. diam. Spielmannia revoluta, E. Meyer, Comm. 274, and in

Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 67, 223. 8. Desertorum,

Ecklon § Zeyher ex Schauer in DC. Prod. xi. 526 in syn,

Sourn Arrica: without precise locality, Forsyth !

Western RvaGion: Little Namaqualand; Kamies Bergen, near Kaspars

Kloof, Elleboog Fontein and Geelbeks Kraal, 3000-1000 ft., Drége! near Ookiep,

in stony places, 3000 ft., MacOwan § Bolus Herb. Norm, <Aust.-Afr., 673!

Modder Fontein, Whitehead ! and without precise locality, Ecklon !

SELAGINE® (Rolfe). 95

Orper CII]. SELAGINEZ.

(By R, A. RoxFe.)

Flowers hermaphrodite, irregular. Calyx inferior, 5-fid, 5-partite,

or (through the segments being variously connate or deficient) 3- or

Q-partite or spathaceous. Corolla gamopetalous; base shortly or

slenderly tubular; throat usually broader ; limb spreading, normally

5-fid, sometimes 4-fid through the two posticous lobes being united

or the anticous absent; sometimes more or less bilabiate ; lobes

equal or the posticous pair shorter. Stamens 4, didynamous, or

reduced to 2, inserted on the corolla-tube, exserted or included,

alternating with the corolla-lobes ; filaments filiform or very slightly

thickened at the base; anthers 1-celled, obliquely basifixed or

versatile, dehiscing longitudinally. Disc hypogynous, annular,

unilateral and gland-like or inconspicuous. Ovary superior, 2-celled

or rarely by abortion obliquely 1-celled; style terminal, filiform,

simple, acute, obtuse or minutely bifid, stigmatiferous at the apex

but not or only slightly thickened; ovules solitary, pendulous,

anatropous. uit small, included within the calyx, 2-celled, or

by abortion 1-celled, indehiscent, sometimes separating into two

l-seeded nutlets ; periearp slightly fleshy, crustaceous or somewhat

woody, rarely membranous, sometimes corky and with a pair of

spurious lateral cells in either carpel. Seeds pendulous, usually

oblong and terete; testa membranous; albumen fleshy ; embryo

terete, straight ; radicle superior, cotyledons narrow.

Small heath-like shrubs or undershrubs, tufted perennial herbs, or rarely

stall annuals. Leaves alternate, fascicled, or rarely the lower opposite, cauline

or rarely radical, entire or toothed, often narrow and rigid or coriaceous,

Flowers small, solitary in the axils of the bracts or rarely shortly pedicelled with

the bract adnate to the pedicel, arranged in terminal elongated spikes, corymbose

panicles, or sometimes lateral towards the ends of the branches. Corvlla lilac,

pink, various shades of purple, white, or rarely yellow.

Disrris, Genera 10, and species about 240,mostly concentrated in South Africa,

with about 20 representatives in Tropical Africa, one in Madagascar, and an

outlying genus (Lago‘is) widely dispersed through the north temperate zone,

another in the Mediterranean region (Globularia), and a single monotype in

Socotra (Cockburnia). Dischisma ciliatum was collected by Drummond in the

Swan River district, W. Australia, where it is reported to be abundant, though

believed to be only an accidental introduction.

Much difference of opinion exists as to the relationship of these plants. Baillon

(Hist. Pl. ix.) reduces them to Scrophularinee, making three distinct tribes,

Selaginea, Hebenstreitiee and G lobulariee, while he refers Lagotis to Digitalee ;

Wettstein (in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B) considers Globulariacee as

distinct, but refers the remainder to Scrophularinea, waking of the South

African species a distinct tribe, called Antirrhinoidee-Selaginew, and referring

Lagotis to Rhinanthoidee-Digitalee ; but this arrangement hardly gives full

value to the marked peculiarities of the organs of fructification.

I. Hebenstreitia.—Calyw spathaceous, subhyaline. Corolla expanded behind

into 4 lobes, divided in front down to the middle of the tube. Stamens 4

Il. Dischisma —Ca/yw bipartite ; segments lateral, entire. Corolla expanded

behind into 4 lobes, divided in front down to the middle of the tube.

Stamens 4.

96 SELAGINEA (Rolfe).

III. Walafrida.—Calyz tripartite ; middle Jobe usually smaller than the lateral,

occasionally wanting. Corolla 5-lobed ; lobes more or less unequal. Stamens 4.

IV. Selago—Calyz equally or unequally 5-lobed or 5-partite, not adnate to

the bract. Covrol/a 5-lobed ; lobes more or less unequal. Stainens 4.

V. Microdon.—Calyz 5-dentate, adnate at the base to the bract; teeth subequal.

Corolla 5-lobed ; lobes more or less unequal, Stamens 4.

VI. Gosela.—Calyx subequally 5-lobed, Corolla-tube long and slender ; limb

with 5 spreading subequal lobes. Stamens 2 perfect, with 2 linear staminodes.

VII. Agathelpis.—Calyz tubular, subequally 5-dentate. Corolla-tube long and

slender; limb with 5 spreading subequal lobes, Stamens 2, without

staminodes.

I. HEBENSTREITIA, Linn.

Calyz membranous or hyaline, spathaceous, the apex posticous,

entire or emarginate. Coro/la-tube slender, divided in front down to

or below the middle, expanded behind into a flat or concave 4-lobed

limb ; lobes subequal or the intermediate pair longer or deeply connate,

occasionally with a fifth minute lobe in the fissure of the tube.

Stamens 4, didynamous, affixed to the margins of the divided tube

below the lobes; filaments short ; anthers oblong or linear. Ovary

2-celled; style entire. Fruit oblong, ovate or broad, subterete or

compressed, rarely separating spontaneously into distinct cocci, both

cells perfect or one abortive ; pericarp equally indurated round the

cells or variously dilated and corky, with a pair of spurious cells at

their adjacent margins. Seeds oblong, cylindrical.

Shrubs, undershrubs or annual herbs ; leaves alternate or the lower opposite,

often narrow, entire or often toothed, sometimes short and broad; spikes

terminal, often dense, short or elongate; flowers sessile, white, yellow or rose;

bracts broud or narrow, or the lower somewhat leaf-like, imbricate or lax,

exceeding the calyx. :

Species 30 South African, one of which extends into Tropical Africa as

far as the mountains of Abyssinia, with one other only known from Tropical

Africa.

Section 1. Eu-Hesenstrertia. Fruit oblong, rarely ovoid or globose, with-

out vacuoles or spurious cells,

Perennial with woody stem, or sometimes flowering

the first year and thus appearing annual, about

3-4 ft. high :

Spikes usually numerous, aggregated into panicles

near the summit of the branches :

Spikes very dense ; bracts ovate-lanceolate,

long acuminate ‘ ine as ke

Spikes more lax; bracts broadly ovate,

rather abruptly acuminate .., sx rie

Spikes solitary or not aggregated into panicles at

the summit of the branches ;

Leaves glabrous or nearly so:

Leaves lanceolate or linear, serrulate or

more or less dentate, or if entire, not

filiform :

Leaves rather lax, entire or closely

serrulate, or if dentate over 23 lin.

broad :

(1) polystachya.

(2) Oatesii.

Hebenstreitia. } SELAGINEE (Rolfe); 97

Leaves entire... aie «. (3) elongata,

Leaves more or less toothed : Cane

Spikes 1}~2 in. long, narrow (4) Sutherlandi,

Spikes 3-6 in. long, brcal:

Leaves narrowly lanceo-

late or cuneate-oblong;

bracts long acuminate (5) comosa.

Leaves broadly lanceo-

Jate; bracts shorily

acuminate... .... (6) Cooperi.

Leaves dense, linear or rarely lanceo-

late, closely and often strongly

denticulate or dentate 3 ... (7) fruticosa,

Leaves rather lax, linear, distinctly

denticulate or dentate, rarely entire (8) dentata,

Leaves filiform or linear-filiform, entire ;

Bracts suberect :

Bracts broadly ovate-lanceolate,

shortly acuminate —_... ... (9) integrifolia,

Bracts narrowly ovate-lanceolate,

long acuminate sale ... (10) Watsoni.

Bracts spreading or recurved ... ... (11) Rehmanni,

Leaves tomentose Le .. (12) robusta.

Annual with herbaceous stems or rarely somewhat

_ woody, from 2 or 3 up to about 9 in, high:

Corolla under 3 liu, long:

Fruit nearly straight :

Leaves strongly dentate ai ... (13) ramosissima,

Leaves entire or rarely obscurely

denticulate ;

Corolla-lobes short or oblong :

Bracts strongly recurved

towards the apex:

Spikes lax and some-

what elongated ... (14) hamulosa,

Spikes rather dense and

short ise ... (15) glaucescens,

Bracts not or scarcely re-

curved towards the apex:

Corolla 14 lin. long... (16) minutifiora.

Corolla 2-24 lin. long :

Leaves 4-4 lin. ;

ae ... (17) parviflora.

Leaves 4-14 lin.

long, _+.; ... (18) stenocarpa,

Inner pair of corolla lobes linear,

much longer than the outer ... (19) macra.

... (20) discoidea,

Fruit much incurved ae viet

Corolla 5-6 lin, long : .

Bracts ovate, with short reflexed acumi-

nate apex ... oi sik oe ... (21) crassifolia,

Bracts ovate-Janceolate, long acuminate :

oye bes-

Bracts ciliate and somewhat pu tan oe

cent ... i vue es

Bracts glabrous SS ae ... (23) sarcocarpa.

Section 2. Potycenia. Fruit ovoid or globose, with a pair of vacuoles or

spurious cells in each carpel.

Annual, from 2 or 3 up to about 10 in. high :

Plant eparingly branched at the base,

VOL. V.

usually

98 SELAGINEE (Rolfe), [ Hebenstreitia.

2-5 in. high; branches more or less straight ;

spikes not numerous... We ve ... (24) fastigiosa.

Plant much branched, usually 5-10 in. high;

branches more or less diffuse ; spikes numerous

and often crowded :

Corolla-lobes oblong, inner pair not much

longer than the outer ie oak ... (25) repens.

Inner pair of corolla-lobes linear, much longer

than the broad outer puir ... ca ... (26) fenestrata.

Perennial, 1 ft. or more high ;

Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate : ©

Branches glabrous or minutely puberulous ... (27) Dregei.

Branches pubescent :

Branches closely pubescent; calyx minutely

tridenticulate... es ve ... (28) lanceolata,

Branches sparsely pubescent, calyx strongly

tridenticulate —... dis ... (29) leucostachys,

Leaves broadly ovate or cordate-ovate ... .». (30) cordata,

1. H. polystachya (Harv., MSS.); perennial, stout and much

branched, up to 4 ft. high (Galpin) or 6 ft. (Gerrard); branches

glabrous or puberulous in decurrent lines from the leaf-bases ; leaves

lanceolate, acute, closely serrate except near the base, glabrous,

4-3 in. long; spikes very numerous, 1—4 in. long, dense, often con-

gested into panicles; bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 21—3 lin.

long ; calyx ovate-oblong, subobtuse, 11-11 lin. long, 2-nerved,

herbaceous between the nerves; corolla white (Galpin), 4—5 lin.

long ; tube rather slender; lobes oblong, inner pair much narrower

but scareely longer than the outer; fruit oblong, 1+ lin. long.

Kacanari ReGion: Orange River Colony ; Drakensberg, Cooper, 1014! and

without precise locality, Cooper, 3015! Transvaal ; near Svitzkop, Wilms, 1167 !

between Middelburg and Crocodile River, Wilms, 1168! Houtbosch, Rehmann,

6203! in fields by the Elands River, 6500 ft., Schlechter, 3834! Umlomati

Valley, near Barberton, in swampy ground, Galpin, 1271!

EasteRn ReGion: Natal; Tugela River, Gerrard, 376! Umvoti district,

in a swamp, Gerrard, 1248! Noods Berg, 2500 ft., Wood, 104! near Enon,

Wood, 104! Murchison, 1800 ft., Wood, 801! Arnolds Farm, Newcastle,

Rehmann, 7032! Oliviers Hoek, sources of the Tugela River, 5000 ft., Allison !

in marshes, near Richmond, 3000 ft., Schlechter, 6730! and without precise

locality, Cooper, 1150!

2. H. Oatesii (Rolfe in Oates’ Matabele Land, ed. ii. 406, t. 12);

perennial, much branched, over 1 ft. high; branches pubescent in

decurrent lines from the leaf-bases; leaves narrowly lanceolate or

linear, subacute, serrulate except near the base, glabrous, 1-1} in.

long; spikes elongate, 1-3 in. long in fruit, dense; bracts ovate,

acuminate, glabrous, 2-21 lin. long; calyx ovate, obtuse, with

2 nerves near the centre, 1-14 lin. long; corolla 4-5 lin. long ; tube

slender; lobes oblong, 1 lin. long; fruit oblong, 2 lin. long.

Sago near dentata, Thunb., Oliv. in Oates’ Matabele Land,

. i, 368.

Woo aga ReGion (?): Between Pietermaritzburg and the Crocodile River,

tes !

The plant from Faku’s Territory, doubtfully referred here when the species

Hebenstreitia. ] SELAGINEE (Rolfe). 29

was described, is now made a distinct species under the name of H. Sutherlandi,

Rolfe,

3. H. elongata (Bolus) ; perennial, branched at the base, 1-12 ft.

or more high; branches puberulous, chiefly in deeurrent lines

from the leaf-bases; leaves numerous, linear or linear-lanceolate,

subobtuse, entire or slightly denticulate above the middle, glabrous,

4-1} in, long; spikes elongate, 2-8in. long in fruit, dense ; bracts

ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 21-31 lin. long; calyx ovate-oblong,

obtuse, 2 lin. long, with 2 prominent nerves, herbaceous between the

nerves; corolla deep orange and red (Wood), 5-7 lin. long; tube.

slender ; lobes oblong, inner pair narrower and rather longer than the

outer; fruit oblong, 23 lin. long.

Katanarr Reeron: Transvaal; Pretoria, on stony hills at 4000 ft., McLea

in Bolus Herb., 3083! grassy mountain slopes around Barberton, Galpin, 52%!

Jeppestown Ridge, near Johannesberg, 6000 ft., Gilfillan in Galpin Herb.,

€06L! Rhenoster Poort, Botsabelo district, Nelson, 403!

EasterRN ReG@ion: Natal; near Currys Post, 4000 ft., Wood, 3620! Biggars

Berg, Wood, 4228! Riet Vlei, Greenwich Farm, Fry in Galpin Herb., 2726!

and a cultivated specinen, Hort. Kew /

A more luxuriant plant than H. dentata, L., and confined to the eastern side of

the continent.

4. H. Sutherlandi (Rolfe); perennial, about 1 ft. high, much

branched ; branches minutely puberulous in decurrent lines from the

leaf-bases; leaves linear-lanceolate, subacute, regularly serrulate to

below the middle, 4—12 lin. long ; spikes narrow, somewhat elongate,

1-2 in. long, many-flowered; bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,

2-21 lin. long; calyx broadly ovate-oblong, obtuse, 1} lin. long,

with 2 strongly keeled nerves and a second slender pair between

them ; corolla 33-4 lin. long; tube slender ; lobes oblong, inner

pair not longer than the outer, and only half as broad.

Katanart Recron: Basutoland, 8000 ft., Melleish in Sanderson’s Herb.,

34!

Eastern Reoion : Pondoland; Faku’s Territory, Sutherland /

5. H. comosa (Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 70); perennial, branched,

1-4 ft. high; branches minutely puberulous, sometimes only in

decurrent lines from the leaf-bases; leaves numerous, lanceolate or

elliptic-lanceolate, subacute, serrate to near the base, glabrous, }—2 in.

long ; spikes elongate, 2-6 in. long, dense; bracts ovate-lanceolate,

acuminate, glabrous, 234 lin. long ; calyx ovate-oblong, obtuse,

2-21 Jin. long, 2-nerved, more or less herbaceous along the centre ;

corolla yellow or white, with an orange-red blotch on the limb,

5-6 lin. long; tube slender; lobes oblong, inner pair much narrower.

and scareely longer than the outer. Hoehst. Bestr. Fi. Cap. und

Natal. 134; Walp. Rep. iv. 147; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 5. HH.

comosa, var. serratifolia, Gard. Chron. 1892, xii. 34, 188.

Var. 6 (?) integrifolia (Rolfe) ; leaves narrowly linear, entire, $-14 in. long,

otherwise much as in the type.

Kananari Reason: Transvaal; si Rest, Mudd !

H a4

100 SELAGINER (Rolfe). [ Hebenstreitia,

Eastern Recion: Griqualand East; Vaal Bank, Haygarth in Wood Herb.,

4194! Natal; near Durban, among grasses, Krauss, 327! Peddie! Wood, 45!

Wood in MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 1840! Tugela;

common about Durban, Mc Ken, 375! Williamson! between Durban and

Pietermaritzburg, 0-2000 ft., plentiful, Sanderson! 62! Potgieters Hill,

Sanderson! Umgeni waterfall, Rehmann, 7474! Camperdown, Rehmann, 7797 !

and without precise locality, Gerrard, 418! Grant! near Pietermaritzburg,

Wilms, 2204! Zululand, Gerrard § Mc Ken, 2045 !

Var. 8: Griqualand East ; on the slopes of Mount Malowe, near the Umzim-

kulu River, 4000 ft., Tyson in MacOwan Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1513!

The variety integrifolia may be distinct, but except in leaf character is so

similar to the type that I do not see how to separate it.

6. H. Cooperi (Rolfe); perennial, branched, over 12 ft. high ;

puberulous, chiefly in decurrent lines from the leaf-bases ; leaves

lanceolate, acute, strongly dentate to near the base, glabrous, 3-10 lin.

long ; spikes oblong or elongate, up to 3} in, long in fruit ; braets

ovate-oblong, acute, 23 lin. long; calyx oblong, obtuse, 2 lin. long ;

corolla 5 lin. long; tube slender; lobes oblong, inner pair rather

narrower than the outer ; fruit oblong, 2 lin. long.

Katanari Region: Basutoland; without precise locality, Cooper, 737!

7. H. fruticosa (Sims in Bot. Mag. t. 1970, not of Linn. fil.);

perennial ; much branched, 3—11 ft, high; branches puberulous in

decurrent lines from the leaf-bases or sometimes glabrous ; leaves

usually very numerous and crowded, linear or lanceolate-linear, acute

or subobtuse, more or less closely and acutely denticulate, rarely sub-

entire, glabrous, 2-10 lin. long ; spikes oblong or elongate, 1-5 in.

long, dense; bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 21-4 lin. long ;

calyx ovate, obtuse, 2-21 lin. long, with 2 herbaceous nerves ;

corolla white with or without a deep orange blotch on the limb,

4—5 lin. long; tube slender; lobes oblong, inner pair much narrower

than the outer and scarcely exceeding them; fruit oblong, 2 lin,

long. E. Meyer, Comm. 247, and in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeoyr.

Documente, 69, 78, 82, 83, 98, 189; Walp. Rep. iv. 146; Choisy

in DC. Prod. xii. 4; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 351, in note,

re He Burm. fil. Prod. Cap. 17.—Burm. Rar. Afr. Pl. 109,

- 41, fig. 1.

_ Var. a, dura (Rolfe); branches rather short ; leaves crowded, lanceolate

is 24-7 lin. long, teeth small or minute, H. dura, Choisy in DC. ’rod.

xii. 4,

Var. 8, lanceolata (Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 4); rather loosely branched ;

leaves rather lax, lanceolate, 24-6 lin. long, very strongly toothed.

VaR. y, robusta (Rolfe): branches rather long and lax; leaves narrowly

lanceolate, 4-1} in. long, strongly and often very acutely toothed; corolla up to

7 lin. long.

Sourn ArFrica: var. a, without precise locality, Zeyher, 1381!

Coast Region: Paarl Diy. ; in sandy places at Achter de Paarl, 6000 ft.,

Drege ! Tulbagh Div. ; on rocks in New Kloof, 1000 ft., Drége! Worcester Div. $

Dutoits Kloof, 3000-4000 ft., Drége ! Drakenstein Mountains, 3000-4000 ft.,

Drége! Queenstown Div.; Hangklip Mountain, 6300 ft., Galpin, 1618! East

London Div.; Panmure, Hutton! and Without precise locality, Cooper, 119!

Stockenstrom Diy, ; summit of Elands Berg, Scott-Ellict, 390!

Hebenstreitia. | SELAGINE® (Rolfe). 101

CentRaAt ReGron: Somerset Div.; on the upper part of Bruintjes

Hoogte, Burchell, 3030! Var. 8: Graaff Reinet Div.; Wagenpads Berg, -

Burchell, 2823!

WESTERN REGION: Little Namaqualand ; in rocky mountainous places near

Ezels Fontein and Modder Fontein, 4000-5000 ft., Drége /

Katanari Recion: Orange River Colony ; Wolfe Kop, near the Caledon River,

Burke, 438! Var. y: Orange River Colony; Bloemfontein, Rehmann, 3883!

Witte Bergen, near the Caledon River, Rehmann, 3941! Transvaal; without

precise locality, on mountains, Nelson, 3!

EastrRN Rea@ion: Tembuland; Bazeia, 2500 ft., Bawr, 157! Natal, Camper-

down, Rehmann, 7796!

This species is extremely variable, if all the above forms are correctly referred

here. They pass so gradually into each other that I do not see how to separate

them. Some indeed have been referred to the following species, and a more

complete series of specimens would perhaps necessitate some’ moditication of the

present arrangement. The species was originally described and figured from a

specimen that flowered in the Fulham nursery of Messrs. Whitley Brame and

Milne. H. fruticosa, Linn. fil., to which it was doubtfully referred, is a true

Dischisma (D. fruticoxum, Rolfe), and must be excluded from most of the above

references. H. sca!rida, Burm fil., is cited here with some doubt, for although the

habit agrees well, especially with the variety dura, the structure of the flower, as

represented in Burmann’s rude figure (on which it was based) does not agree with

the genus, or indeed with the Order.

8. H. dentata (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 629, ed. ii. 878) ; perennial,

1-2 ft. high, more or less copiously branched; branches puberulous

in decurrent lines from the leaf-bases or nearly glabrous; leaves

numerous, linear or lanceolate-linear, subacute, more or less toothed

on the upper half, glabrous, 1-12 lin. long, or the radical sometimes

longer; spikes elongate, up to 6 in. long in fruit, dense or some-

what lax; bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate,

2-3 lin. long; calyx oblong-lanceolate, acute, 14-2 lin. long, with

2 herbaceous nerves; corolla yellow or white, usually with a darker

or orange blotch on the centre of the limb, 4-6 lin. long; tube

slender ; lobes oblong, middle pair often narrower than the outer ;

fruit oblong or ovoid-oblong, 14-2 lin. long. Berg. Pl. Cap. 153;

Lam. Eneycl. iii. 77; Ill. t. 521; Bot. Mag. t.483; Gertn. Fruct. 1.

238, t. 51, fig. 5; Choisy, Mém. Selag. 22, partly, t. 1, fig. 1, t. 2,

fig. 2, and in DC. Prod. xii. 3, excl. vars.; E. Meyer, Comm. 247,

excl. syn., and in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 45, 153,

189 ; Hochst in Flura, 1845, 70; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 343,

347. H. pulchella, Salish. Prod. 93.—J. § C. Commelin, Hort.

Amstel. ii. 217, t. 109; Burm. Rar. Afr. Pl. 114, t. 42, fig. 2.

. ifolia (E. Meyer, Comm. 247, partly, excl. syn.) ; leaves quite

mae fies Dae, Zwei Planzengeoyr. Teauastute, 44, 45, 50, 77, 112,

151, 189,

Sourn Arrica: without peeniee oopede Aipoanaer | Forster! Masson!

) ! J 516! ultivated specimens !

Se Ee acre Massaniny Div, ; Dating, Bachmann. 504! Hopefield,

Bachmann, 103! 1145! Clanwilliam Div. ; Modder Fontein, Whitehead! Konde

Berg, 2400 ft., Schlechter, 8728 ! Cape Div. ; Devils Mountain, Ecklon & Zeyher !

Krauss, 1093; Cape Flats, Ecklon, 738! in sandy places at Hont Bay, Ecklon

S§ Zeyher ! by the Blockhouse, Cape Peninsula, Wolley Dod, 502! Camps Bay,

Alewander ! on rocky and sandy soils of the Cape district, Bowie! Tulbagh Div. ;

Tulbagh, Pappe! Mitchells Pass, 1200 ft., Schlechter, 8953! Caledon Div, ;

102 SELAGINE (Rolfe). [ Hebenstreitia,

Caledon, Pappe! Genadendal, Grey! Albany Div.; margins of woods near

Grahamstown, MacOwan, 984! Stockenstrom Div.; Kat Berg, in grassy fields,

4000-5000 ft., Drége. Queenstown Diy.: Andries Berg, 6100-6100 ft., Galpin,

2018! Elandsberg, Cooper, 215! 243! Winter Berg, Mrs. Barber, 685! British

Kaffraria ; without precise locality, Cooper, 119! Var. 8B, Clanwilliam Div. ;

Wupperthal, Drége. Cape Div.; Sand Flats between Tyger Berg and Blue Berg,

below 5000 ft., Drege. Queenstown Div. ; Storm Bergen, 5000-€000 ft., Dreye!

CENT&AL ReGion: Graaff Reinet Div, 3 Oude Berg, near Graaff Reinet,

4500 ft., Bolus, 154! ;

~ Western ReEq@ion: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Karee Bergen, 6800 ft., Schlechter,

8273!

KaLawaki Region; Basutoland; without precise locality, Cooper, 3014!

Transvaal; by the river near Lydenberg, Wilms, 1169! Pilgrims Rest, Green-

stock !

Eastern Reeion; Transkei, Mrs. Barber, 265! Pondoland ; Umtsikaba River,

below 500 ft., Drege. Natal ; between Pietermaritzburg and Greytown, Wilms,

2203a! Dargle Farm, Mys, Fannin! Var. 8. Pondoland ; between St. Johns

River and Umtsikaba River, in grassy fields, 1000-2000 ft., Diége,

Also widely diffused in Tropical Africa,

This has been much confused with the preceding and following species, which

are remarkably polymorphic, and in some cases difficult to distinguish from each

other. It is usually perennial, but seedlings which flower during the first year

have all the appearance of being annual, as in the case of Commelin’s coloured

figure, on which the species was chiefly founded, and such specimens I am unable

to distinguish in other respects from shrubby perennial ones. Many specimens

are imperfect in this and other respects, and observations in the ficld might lead

to some modification of the above arrangement. Thunberg confused the

mpeg with H. repens, Jarosz, for all his kerbariam Specimens belong to the

atter,

9. H. integrifolia (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i, 629, ed. ii. 878) ; perennial

or sometimes annual (?), more or less branched, chiefly near the base,

4-2 ft. high ; branches puberulous; leaves numerous, filiform or

linear. filiform, subacute, entire, glabrous or somewhat scaberulous,

4-14 in. long ; spikes sometimes short, but usually much elongated,

1} up to several inches, and occasionally 1 ft, long in fruit, dense or

somewhat lax ; bracts ovate, acuminate, 2-3 lin. long ; calyx ovate-

oblong, subobtuse, 1! lin. long, with a pair of slender herbaceous

nerves ; corolla 4-5 lin. long; tube slender; lobes oblong, inner

pair narrower and rather longer than the outer; fruit narrowly oblong,

2 lin. long. Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. 14, 570; Rolfe in Journ. Linn.

Soc. xx. 343. H. dentata, var. integrifolia, E. Meyer, Comm. 247, in

part, and in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 45. H. dentata,

war. B, integrifolia, and var. Y parvifolia(?), Choisy in DC. Prod.

xii, 4. A. seabra, Thunb. Prod. 103, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 477 ;

Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 4; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 354. .

H, aurea, Andr, Bot. Rep. t. 252 ; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii, 4.

AL. tenuifolia, Schrad. Cat, Hort. Gétting. ex Reichb. Ic. Bot. bxot.

ii. 13, ¢ 133; 2. Meyer, Comm. 248, partly, and in Drége, Zwet

‘Pflanzengeogr, Documente, 96, 189 (letter a only). H. virgata,

E. Meyer, Comm. 249; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 5.

Var. a, laxiflora (Rolfe) ; a luxuriant-form: leaves up to 14 in, long; spikes

ivery lax ; corollas 5-54 lin, long.

Hebenstreitia. | SELAGINER (Rolfe). 103

‘“Sourn Arnica: without precise locality, Forster! Forsyth! Hutton!

Masson !

Coast Reeion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Modder Fontein, Whitehead / Riversdale

Div. ; Riversdale, Rust, 89! Mossel Bay Div.; on sandy hills near Fish Bay,

below 200 ft., Drége! Kieiu Berg, 800 ft., Galpin, 4398! Knysna Div. ; on:

sand-hills at the western end of Groene Valley, Burchell, 5659! Uniondale Div. ;

Long Kloof at Wagenbooms River, Bolus, 2427! Uitenhage Div.; in sandy

places near the Zwartskop River, Zeyher, 958! 3583! Port Elizabeth Div. ; Algoa

Bay, Cooper, 3076! Port Elizabeth, Cape Herb. ! Albany Div.; near Grahams-

town, Bolton! Burke / and without precise locality, Cooper, 1558! Atherstone,

91! Miss Bowker! Williamson! Stockenstrom Div.; Kat Berg, 3000-5000 ft.,

Drége! Stutterheim Div, ; Stutterheim, Cape Herb.! Bathurst Div.; at Riet

Fontein, between Theopolis and Port Alfred, Burchell, 3937! British Kaffraria,

Cooper, 11%!

~Crentrat Region: Aliwal. North or Wodehouse Div., Zeyher !

Pali hoe ie Region; Vanrhyusdorp Div. ; near Mieren Kasteel, below 100 ft.,

rege !

. Katanart Reeion: Bechuanaland; Eastern Bamanguato Territory ? between

Shoshong and Molopolole, Holub! Transvaal; near Lydenberg, Atherstone !

Var. 8, Transvaal; without precise lvcality, Mrs. Stainbank in Wood Herb.,

3645! °

Eastern Recion: Natal; on a sandy flat near Durban, 50 ft., Wood, 1720!-

100 ft., Wood, 330! .

A very variable species, which seems to include all the different forms above

cited, though Choisy keeps H. aurea, Andr., H. scabra, Thunb., and H. virgata,

E. Mever, distinct, while making H. tenwifolia, Schrad., synonymous with H.:

integrifolia, Linn., which he enumerates as H. dentata, Linn., var. B, integrifolia.

He also refers the Abyssinian specimens to this, in which I cannot follow him.

The species was based on H. foliis integerrimis, Linn. Hort. Cliff. 497, and the

characters given us separating it from H. dentata, Linn., point distinctly to the

present one. No specimen appears to have been preserved. It is easily

separated by its nearly filiform leaves and long narrow flower-spikes. From this

there seems to be a regular gradation down to the more stunted forms repre=

sented by H. virgata, E. Meyer and H. scabra, Thunb.

10. H. Watsoni (Rolfe) ; perennial (?), somewhat branched,

over 1 ft. high; branches glabrous or very minutely puberulous ;

leaves numerous, filiform-linear, subacute, entire or minutely denticu-

late, minutely canescent, }—2} in. long ; spikes elongate (young in the

specimens seen) ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, long acuminate, 2—4 lin,

long; calyx ovate-oblong, obtuse, 1j-l)_ lin. long, with 2 very

slender or obscure nerves; corolla white, with or without an orange

blotch in the centre of the limb, 4-5 lin. long; tube slender; lobes

oblong, inner pair longer and narrower than the outer.

Coast Recion: East London Div.; East London, on the sea coast, 50 ft.,

Galpin, 1569! and a cultivated specimen from the same locality, Watson /

Nearly allied to H. integrifolia, Linn., but differing in its more lanceolate and

acuminate bracts. It is apparently a coast plant.

- 11. H. Rehmanni (Rolfe); annual (?), much branched, more or

less diffuse, 6-10 in. or more high ; branches rather slender, puberu-

lous ; leaves numerous, narrowly lincar, subobtuse, entire, 8-12 lin.

long; bracts spreading or somewhat reflexed, ovate or ovate-oblong,

shortly acumiuate, 2-24 lin. long ;. calyx ovate-oblong, obtuse, 1¢ lin.

long, with 2 herbaceous nerves ; corolla 33-4} lin. long; . tube

104 SELAGINEX (Rolfe). [ Hebenstrettia.

slender ; lobes oblong, inner pair longer and narrower than the outer ;

fruit oblong, 2 lin. long.

KataHARI Reeton: Transvaal; Hooge Veld, between Trigards Fontein and

Standerton, Rehmann, 6766! 6767!

A dwarf, slender species, readily separated from its allies by its small flowers

and very spreading bracts.

12. H. robusta (E. Meyer, Comm. 246); perennial, 13 ft. or

more high; branches closely pubescent; leaves numerous, linear,

subobtuse, entire, somewhat fleshy, puberulous, 3-1 in. long; spikes

elongate, up to 9 in. long in fruit; bracts ovate, mueronate, 24 lin.

long; calyx ovate-oblong, 2-dentate, 2-nerved, pubescent on and

between the nerves, 2 lin. long; corolla 5 lin. long; tube stoutish ;

lobes oblong, inner pair narrower than the outer but scarcely longer ;

fruit ovoid-oblong, 2 lin. long. E. Meyer in Dreye, Zwei Pflanzen-

geogr. Documente, 109, 189; Endl. Iconogr. 12, t. 76; Walp. Rep.

iv. 145; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii.4. H. augusta, Pritz. Ic. Bot.

Index, 526.

Coast REGton: Clanwilliam Div. ; between Jackals River and Oliphants

River, at 500-1000 ft., Drege !

Easily distinguished by its robust habit, closely pubescent branches and

puberulous leaves,

13. H. ramosissima (Jarosz, Pl. Nov. Cap. 14) ; annual, branched

chiefly at the base, 3-6 in. high; branches erect, pubescent in

decurrent lines from the leaf-bases; leaves linear-lanceolate, acute,

with 2 or 8 pairs of prominent teeth above the middle, narrowed

at the base, 4-8 in. long; spikes oblong or somewhat elongated,

rather dense, }—2 in. long ; bracts spreading or recurved, ovate,

shortly acuminate, subobtuse, 2-21 lin, long; calyx ovate-oblong,

subobtuse, 1} lin. long, pubescent; corolla 23-3 lin. long; tube

stout ; lobes broadly oblong, inner pair very minute and shorter than

the outer; fruit oblong, 12 lin. long. Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 5;

Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 357. Selago squarrosa, Choisy in

DC. Prod. xii. 16,

Sourn Arnica: without precise locality, Link! Masson!

Coast REGION: Stellenbosch Div. ; Stellenbosch, Alexander! Swellendam

Div.; in caroo-like soil by the River Zonder Kinde, at Hassaquas Kloof and by

the Breede River, Zeyher, 3581!

Jarosz wrongly described this as perennial, as his own type specimen shows.

14. H. hamulosa (E. Meyer, Comm. 249); annual, much branched,

2-6 in. high; branches puberulous; leaves few, linear, subobtuse,

entire, lower 3-1} in. long, upper diminishing into the bracts ; spikes

elongate, lax, 1-3 in. long; bracts spreading or recurved, ovate-

oblong, subobtuse, 14~2 lin. long; calyx ovate-oblong, obtuse, 1 lin.

long ; corolla yellow (Bolus), 21 lin, long ; tube stoutish ; lobes very

short and broad, subequal. H, Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 91, 189; Walp. Rep. iv. 146; Choisy in DC, Prod.

xii. 5.

Hebenstreitia. | SELAGINER (Rolfe). 105

Western ReGion: Little Namaqualand ; between Silver Fontein, Koper Berg,

and Kaus Mountain, Drége. Spektakel Mountain, Morris in Bolus Herb., 5747!

in fields formerly cultivated near Klip Fontein, 3000 ft., MacOwan & Bolus, Herb.

Norm. Aust.-Afr., 675!

15. H. glaucescens (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb, xxvii. 185);

annual, sparingly branched at the base, diffuse, 2-6 in. high;

branches minutely puberulous; leaves linear, subobtuse, entire,

glabrous, not numerous, }-1 in. long ; spikes oblong or somewhat

elongated, 1-14 in. long ; bracts spreading and recurved, ovate-

oblong, obtuse, 13-2 lin. long; calyx oblong, obtuse, without

prominent nerves, 1} lin. long; corolla 2 lin. long; tube stoutish ;

lobes oblong, inner pair narrower and longer than the outer ; fruit

oblong, 11 lin. long, each carpel having 3 obtuse longitudinal

ridges.

CenTraAL Reoion: Calvinia Div.; Hantam Mountains, Meyer! Brand Vlei,

Juhanssen, 16!

WesTteRN REGION: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Zout River, 750 ft., Schlechter,

8112!

16. H. minutiflora (Rolfe) ; annual, branched at the base, diffuse,

1-3 in. high; branches minutely puberulous; leaves linear, sub-

obtuse, somewhat denticulate above the middle or subentire, glabrous,

2-6 lin. long ; spikes ovoid or slightly elongated in fruit and rather

lax, 1—3 in, long; bracts spreading, ovate-oblong, obtuse, 1 lin. long ;

calyx oblong, shortly tridentate, with 3 slender nerves, 3 lin. long;

corolla 13 lin. long; tube stoutish ; lobes broadly oblong, short, sub-

equal ; fruit oblong, $ lin. long. H. parviflora, E. Meyer, Comm.

249, partly, and in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 69, 189

(letter ¢ only). H. parviflora, var. B, denticulata, Choisy in DC.

Prod. xii. 5.

Western Recon: Little Namaqualand ; Modder Fonteins Berg, Rood Berg,

and Bzels Kop, 4000-5000 ft., Dréye !

This species was confused with H. parviflora by E. Meyer, but is readily

distinguished by its spreading habit and smaller flowers, with a tridentate

trinerved calyx. The specimens turn blackish in drying.

17. H. parviflora (E. Meyer, Comm. 249, partly) ; annual, much

branched, erect, 5-8 in. high; branches minutely puberulous ; leaves

linear, subobtuse, entire, glabrous, 3-6 lin. long; spikes narrow,

elongated, 1-3 in. long, dense; bracts ovate-oblong, acuminate,

1-2 lin, long; calyx ovate-oblong, subobtuse, without prorainent

nerves, 1 lin. long; corolla 2 lin. long ; tube stoutish ; lobes oblong,

the inner pair exceeding the outer ; fruit oblong, 14 lin. long. E.

Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 62, 90, 91, 189

(excl. letter c); Walp. Rep. iv. 146; Choisy in DC. Prod, xii. 5, excl.

var. B..

Coast Region: Malmesbury Div. ; Hopefield, Bachmann, 1149!

Cunrrat REGION: Beaufort West Div. ; Nieuwveld Mountains, near Beaufort

West, Drege. . m

Western Recon: Little Namaqualand; between Kousies (Buffels) River

106 SELAGINEX (Rolfe). [Hebenstreitia.

and Silver Fontein, Drége! between Silver Fontein, Koper Berg, aud Kaus

Mountain, Drége! at Zabies, Schlechter, 95! and without precise loculity, «

Bolus, 6651!

This species is dimorphic, as Drége’s and Schlechter’s specimens include both

short- and long-styled forms: in the latter case the short-styled have the corolla

at least a third longer than the long-styled.

18. H. stenocarpa (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 186);

annual, simple or branched at the base, 3-4 in. high; branches

puberulous; leaves narrowly linear, subobtuse, entire, glabrous,

3-1 in. long; spikes oblong, 1-1 in. long, many-flowered ; bracts

ovate, acuminate, 15-2 lin. long; calyx ovate-oblong, obtuse, without

prominent nerves, $ lin. long; corolla 21 lin. long; tube stoutish ;

lobes oblong, inner pair narrower and rather longer than the outer;

fruit oblong, 1 lin. long.

4 Western Reaion: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Karee Bergen, 1000 ft., Schlechter,

168 !

19. H. macra (E. Meyer, Comm. 248); annual (?); branches

herbaceous, erect or ascending; leaves lax, very narrowly linear ;

bracts ovate-lanceolate; eorolla-tube filiform, shorter than the bracts,

white ; inner pair of lobes linear, outer pair subovate, oblique and

shorter than the inner pair ; fruit oblique, oblong; carpels subequal,

not sulcate, the posterior margin much expanded, the anterior con-

tracted. KE. Meyer tn Drége, Zwei Phlanzengeoyr. Documente, 138,

189; Walp. Rep. iv. 146 ; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 5.

CrntTrat Reeion: Somerset Div.; near Little Fish River and Great Fish

River, 2000-3600 ft., Drége.

Only known to me from the description. Whether annual or perennial is not

stated, but both Meyer and Choisy associate it with species belonging to the

former group, where also the herbaceous stem would place it. I have not

succeeded in identifying anything with the description, which, however, is very

imperfect,

20. H. discoidea (E. Meyer, Comm. 249) ; annual (?) ; branches

herbaceous, erect ; leaves narrow, “ subtridactyloid” ; bracts ovate-

lanceolate; corolla-tube exceeding the bracts; lobes oblique, ovate,

subequal ; filaments longer than the anthers; fruit orbicular ; carpels

much curved, so that the base and apex are nearly contiguous,

cohering by the thickened margins, Walp. Rep. iv.147; Choisy in

DC. Prod, xii. 5. ’

Sourn Africa: without precise locality, Drége.

Only known to me from the description. The fruit is very remarkable in shape,

and I cannot find anything at all approaching it. The herbaceous stem would

indicate that it is an anuual, and as the authors above named both associate it

with annual species, it probably belongs to this group.

21. EL crassifolia (Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 4); annual (?), much

branched, 6-9 in. high, more or less diffuse ; branches stoutish,

puberulous ; leaves linear or oblong, obtuse, somewhat fleshy, entire,

glabrous, 3-9 lin. long, occasionally appearing fascicled owing to the

arrest of axillary branchlets; spikes oblong or elongated, 1-4 in.

Hebenstreitia. | SELAGINEX (Rolfe). 107

long, many-flowered ; bracts ovate or ovate-oblong, shortly acuminate

with a recurved subacute apex, 2~24 lin. long ; calyx ovate-oblong,

obtuse, nerves not prominent, 1% lin. long; corolla 5 lin. long; tube

narrow ; lobes narrowly oblong, 2 lin. long, inner pair narrower than

the outer; fruit oblong, 1% lin. long. H. robusta, var. B, glabrata,

E. Meyer, Comm. 247, and in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeoyr. Dorumente,

55, 62, 109, 189; Walp. Rep. iv. 145. H. tenuifolia, E. Meyer,

Comm. 248, partly (not of Schrad.), and in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 96, 189 (letter a only). a

Soutu Argica; without precise locality, Masson ! ie

Coast ReGion: Clanwilliam Div.; Ezels Bank, in the Ceder Bergen,

4000 ft., Schlechter, 8807! between Lang: Valley and Oliphants River,

1000-1500 ft., Drége; by the Oliphants River, Ecklon § Zeyher! Tulbagh Div. ;

without precise locality, Ecklon ¥ Zeyher! ;

Cenrrat Reeron: Fraserburg Div.; between Patrys Fontein and Great Brak

River, Burchell, 1516! Sutherland Div.; between Kuilenberg and Great Reed

River, Burchell, 1845! Beaufort West Div. ; Nieuwveld Mountains near Beaufort

West, 3000-5000 ft., Drége. Graaff Reinet Div.; in stony places near Zuure

Plaats, in the Sueeuwberg Range, 5000 ft., Drege !

Western Region; Little Namaqualand ; between Kousie (Buffels) River and

Silver Fontein, 2000 ft., Drége/ in sandy places near Port Nolloth, Bolus, 6650!

and without. precise locality, Scully, 73! ;

Katanart Reoton : Orange River Colony; Witte Bergen, on shady sides of

the mountains, Mrs. Barber and Mrs. Bowker! uear the Caledon River, Burke!

22. H. pubescens (Rolfe); annual (‘), erect, 3-6 in. high, un-

branched (?); branches puberulous ; leaves linear, subobtuse, with 2

or 8 pairs of small teeth above the middle, glabrous, 4-9 lin. long;

spikes oblong, 1 in. or more long, dense ; bracts ovate-lanceolate,

acuminate, ciliate and somewhat pubescent on the lower half,

4-42 lin. long; calyx lanceolate-linear, subobtuse, regularly ciliate,

nearly 2 lin. long; corolla, 7-8} lin. long ; tube very slender ;

lobes linear, inner pair 2 lin. long and nearly twice as long as the

outer.

CenTRat Region: Calvinia Div. ; Hantam Mountains, Meyer!

This has the general appearance of a small seedling state of H. dentata, Linn.,

flowering the first year, but is readily distinguished by the pabescent lower part

of the bracts, the ciliate calyx, and by the long and very narrow corolla lobes.

It has all the appearance of being an annual.

23. H. sarcocarpa (Bolus); annual, much branched, somewhat

diffuse, 6-8 in. high; branches minutely puberulous ; leaves lax,

linear, subobtuse, entire, glabrous, 3-14 in. long; spikes oblong or

elongated, 1-3 in. long, rather dense ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, sub-

obtuse, 3 lin. long; calyx oblong, obtuse, nerves not prominent,

1} lin. long ; corolla rose (Bolus), 5-7 lin. long; tube narrow ; lobes

linear-oblong, 1-1} lin. long, the inner pair exceeding the outer ;

fruit globose, fleshy, 2 lin. broad.

Western ReGion: Little Namaqualand ; in stony places near Klip Fontein,

3000 ft., Bolus in MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 674! Great

Namaqualand; Aro Ass, Fleck, 487!

24, H. fastigiosa (Jarosz, Pl. Nov. Cap. 14); annual, branched

108 SELAGINEZ (Rolfe). [ Hebenstreitia,

chiefly at the base, suberect or somewhat diffuse, 2-5 in. high;

branches more or less straight, puberulous ; leaves linear, subobtuse,

entire or slightly denticulate above the middle, glabrous, 3-12 lin.

long ; spikes oblong or somewhat elongated, 3~2 in. long, rather dense ;

bracts spreading, ovate-oblong, subobtuse, glabrous, 2 lin. long;

calyx ovate-oblong, subobtuse, 1 lin. long; corolla yellow (Jarosz),

3 lin. long; tube slender; lobes oblong, minute; fruit ovoid, 14 lin.

long. Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 6. H. Jastigiata, Steud. Nom.

ed, 2, 1.724. H. macrostylis, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 317.

Sourn Arrica: without precise locality, Link /

Coast KEGion: Clanwilliam Div.; in sandy places near Clanwilliam, at

3500 ft., Schlechter. Cape Div.; Simons Bay, Wright, 512! in sandy places on

the mountain behiad Simons Town, Bolus, 4872! Cape Peninsula, between Red

Hill.and Slang Kop, Wolley Dod, 3023!

Jarosz wrongly defined this species as a perennial with a frutescent stem,

which led Choisy, who had not seen it, to doubt the genus, The original specimen,

however, in the Berlin Herbarium enables the mystery to be cleared up. It is

very distinct from the two following species, being especially well marked in

habit. H. macrostylis, Schlechter, is cited here with some doubt, for I have not

seen the original specimen. But Major Wolley Dod’s Cape Peninsula plant,

which is said to be identical, appears to be n. 3023 of the collection (the author

mentions having lost the ticket), which is unquestionably H. fastigiosa, Jarosz.

The fruit, however, does not agree with the description, and the style is only

shortly exserted,

25. H. repens (Jarosz, Pl. Nov. Cap. 15), annual, much branched

and diffuse, 3-10 in. high ; branches puberulous in decurrent lines

from the leaf-bases ; leaves linear or lanceolate, subobtuse, with 2 or

3 pairs of teeth above the middle or rarely subentire, puberulous,

3-12 lin. long; spikes oblong or somewhat elongated, 3 up to 2 in.

long in fruit, usually dense ; bracts spreading, ovate or ovate-oblong,

subacute, 11-2 in, long, glabrous; calyx ovate-oblong, subobtuse,

1 lin. long; corolla 22 lin. long ; lobes short, the inner pair narrower

_ than the outer ; fruit ovoid or subglobose, 1-1} lin. long. Choisy in

DC. Prod. xii. 6. H. dentata, Thunb. Prod. 108 (excl. syn., not of

Linn.) ; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 477 (excel. var. y); Rolfe in

Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 356. HI. tenera, Spreng. ex Walp. Rep. iv. 147.

Polycenia hebenstreitioides, Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genév. ii.

ii. 91, ¢. 2, fig. 1; Choisy, Mém. Selag. 21, t. 2, fig.1; E. Meyer,

Comm. 246, and in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 98, 105,

112, 212; Hochst in Flora, 1845, 70; and Beitr. Fl. Cap. und

Natal. 134; Walp. Rep. iv, 142; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 2.

P. tenera, Walp, Rep. iv. 143; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 2.

SoutH Arrica: without precise locality, Forbes! Grey! Auge! Harvey!

Oldenburg! Link! Zeyher, 314! and cultivated specimens !

Coast REGION: Clanwilliam Div.; Lange Kloof, 400 ft., Schlechter, 8387 !

Malmesbury Div. ; Darling, Bachma:n, 401! near Hopefield, Bachmann, 101!

1148! 2133! 2162! on the way to Moorrees Berg, Bachmann, 1143! Vogelstruis

Fontein, near Hopefield, Bachmann, 1144! by the Berg River, Zeyher, 1388!

Piquetberg Div.; Alexanders Hoek, 300 ft., Schlechter, 5151! Cape Div. ;

Signal Hill, near Cape Town, Wilms, 3513! Lion Mountain, Ecklon, 382!

mountain flats near Cape Town, Ecklon & Zeyher ! in sandy places between Cape

Town and Duiker Valley, below 100 ft., Drege! Table Mountain and Devils

Hebenstreitia.] SELAGINEE (Rolfe). 109

Mountain, Drege; Cape Peninsula, near Maitland, Wolley Dod, 637! Camps

Bay, Wolley Dod, 1362! Upper North Battery at Simonstown, Wolley Dod,

1875! Tyger Berg, Krauss, 1005. Paarl Div.; Achter de Paarl, Drége ; Paarl,

Alewander ! Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, Ecklon & Zeyher! Div. ?

Kuil River, Zeyher! ’

This- varies greatly in stature; luxuriant specimens, having a stouter, less

diffuse habit, and more regularly toothed leaves, look at first rather different,

se grade into the ordinary form. 4H. tenera, Spreng., is only a very slender

orm.

26. H. fenestrata (Rolfe) ; annual, erect or diffuse, 6-8 in. high,

much branched ; branches terete, sparsely pubescent ; leaves linear,

obtuse, remotely denticulate near the apex, glabrous, 3-6 lin. long ;

spikes ovoid, dense, 6 lin. long (in early stage of flowering) ; bracts

ovate or ovate-lanceolate, subobtuse, 12 lin. long; calyx ovate,

subobtuse or shortly emarginate, 1 lin. long; corolla 3 lin. long ;

lobes oblong, the inner narrower and much exceeding the outer;

fruit ovate, subacute, the spurious cells on the ventral side in- —

complete ? Pulycenia fenestrata, HE, Meyer, Comm. i. 246, and in ©

Drége, Zwet Pflanzengevgr. Documente, 98, 112, 212; Walp. Rep. iv.

143 ; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 2.

Coast Reeion: Cape Div. ; sand-flats between Tyger Berg and Blue Berg,

under 500 ft., Drége. Paarl Div. ; near Paarl, 400-800 ft., Drege!

An imperfectly known species; the only specimen seen is in a very young

state,

27. H. Dregei (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 1} ft. or more

high ; branches terete, mostly glabrous ; leaves numerous, lanceolate,

acute, with 2 to 4 pairs of acute teeth above the middle, decurrent at

the base, nearly glabrous, 3-6 lin. long, the lower larger, broader and

subspathulate ; spikes oblong or elongated, 1 up to 6 in. long in fruit,

many-flowered ; bracts broadly ovate, acuminate, 23-3 lin. long ;

calyx oblong, with 3 acute teeth, 3-nerved, 1} lin. long; corolla

white and yellow (Galpin), 4-5 lin. long; tube slender; lobes

oblong, short, the middle pair exceeding the outer; fruit globose,

apiculate, 1 lin. long. Polycenia fruticosa, EH. Meyer, Comm. i. 245,

and in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeoyr. Documente, 115, 212; Walp.

Rep. iv. 143 (exel. syn.) ; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 3.

Coast Reeion: Caledon Div.: Baviaans Kloof, near Genadendal, 1000-

2000 ft., Drége! Genadendal Mountains, 1500 ft., Galpin, 4397! Schlechter,

9800!

28. H. lanceolata (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, over 1} ft,

high; branches terete, pubescent ; leaves somewhat lax, lanceolate,

acute, with 1 to 3 pairs of acute tecth above the middle or subentire,

more or less pubescent, not decurrent, 4-14 lin. long ; spikes oblong

or elongated, 1 up to 5 in. long in fruit, many-flowered ; bracts ovate-

lanceolate, acuminate, 23-3 lin, long; calyx oblong, with 3 acute

teeth, 3-nerved, 2 lin. long; corolla 5 lin, long; tube slender; lobes

oblong, the middle pair exceeding the outer; fruit ovoid-globose,

li lin. long. Polycenia lanceolata, E. Meyer, Comm. i. 245, and in

110 SELAGINE® (Rolfe). [Hebenstreitia.

Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 76, 212; Walp. Rep. iv. 144;

Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 3. P. lanceolata, var. B pubescenti-

hirsuta, Walp. Rep. iv. 144,

Coast Recion: Piquetberg Div.; in stony places on the Piquetberg Range,

1500-3000 ft., Drége !

bs Polycenia lanceolata var. B. glabrata (E. Meyer, Comm. 245, and in Drége,

Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 125, 160, 212; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 3.

2 P. lanceolata var. glabra, Walp. Rep. iv. 144), is based on material collected by

Drége in Coast Reeton: Knysna Div., Groene Valley, 500 ft., and Eastern

Reeion: Natul, below 100 ft., which I have not seen. It is described as having

more or less glabrous branches and leaves, very glabrous bracts, and the fruit

as having only one spurious cell in each achene.

— boa: it: :

a og

er 4

_ 29. H. leucostachys (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 186) ;

_ perennial, somewhat branched, 1-1} ft. high; branches erect or

ascending, pubescent; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acute, acutely

_ dentate, more or less pubescent, 3-1; in. long; spikes elongate,

3 in. or more long, mauy-flowered; bracts oblong-lanceolate, acute,

somewhat pubescent, 23 lin. long; calyx oblong, with 3 acute teeth,

3-nerved, 2 lin. long; corolla 5 lin. long: tube slender; lobes

oblong, inner rather narrower and longer than the outer; fruit

oblong, obtuse, achenes equal, semiterete, glabrous (Schlechter).

Coast ReGion: Worcester Div.; Bains Kloof, 1300 ft., Schlechter, 9158!

I have not seen the fruit, but the flowering specimen is so similar to the

preceding species that I think it must belong to this section. It chiefly differs

from H. lanceolata in its looser pubescence, less hairy bracts, and more strongly

toothed calyx. Schlechter compares it with H. dentata, Linn., which belongs to

Eu-Hebenstreitia, but as he has labelled a good fruiting example of H. Dregei;

x. Rolfe (Polycenia fruticosa, E. Meyer), “H. crassifolia, Choisy, var.?”” (which

also belongs to the other section) it would appear that he did not examine the

structure of the fruit.

30. H. cordata (Linn. Syst. ed. 13, ii. 420); perennial, much

_ branched, 1 ft. or more high; branches hispidulous; leaves

_. numerous, spreading, broadly ovate or cordate-ovate, obtuse or sub-

_ mucronate, somewhat fleshy, 1-3 lin. long; spikes oblong or some-

what elongate, 1-2} in. long, very dense; bracts ovate, mucronate,

23-3 lin. long ; calyx oblong or obovate-oblong, obscurely 3-denticulate,

27-8 lin. long ; corolla white with yellow throat (Burchell), 4-5 lin,

long; tube stoutish ; lobes broadly oblong, subequal; fruit ovoid-

‘ globose, 2-2} lin. long. Linn. Mant. 420; Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. 14;

* 570; Lam. Encyel. iii. 78; Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 1, ii. 356, ed. 2;

iv. 48 ; Thunh, Prodr. 103, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 478; Willd.

Sp. Pl. iii. 332 ; Jarosz, Pl. Nov. Cap. 13; Choisy Mém. Selag. 23;

Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 754; Rolfe in Journ, Linn. Soc. xx. 347, 356.

Polycenia cordata, E. Meyer, Comm. 245, and in Drege, Zwei

Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 94, 129, 212; Walp. Rep. iv. 143;

Choisy in DC. Prod, xii, 3.

Soutn AFrica: without precise locality, Bowker ! Wallich /

é _ Coast Recion: Malmesbury Div. ; Hopefield, Bachmann, 1151! Cape Div. ;

on the sea coast at False Bay, Bolus, 2890! about Camps Bay, Burchell, 3051

sea shore at Camps Bay, Harvey, 513! Cape Peninsula, Railway at St. James,

oe.

Hebenstreitia.] SELAGINEE (Rolfe). 111

Wolley Dod, 2117! Doorn Hoogte, Zeyher! Worcester Div.; Elandsberg,

Wallich ! Uitenhage Div.; by the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 3582! on sand hills

near the mouth of the Zwartkops River, Ecklon §- Zeyher, 413! on the sea

coast near the mouth of the Van Stadens River, MacOwan, 732! Port Elizabeth

Div. ; on the sand flats and rocky shores at Port Elizabeth, below 100 ft., Drége ;

Port Elizabeth, near the Burying ground, Burchel/, 4318! Bathurst Div. ; sand

dunes on the beach at Port Alfred, Galpin, 323!

CENTRAL ReGion: Somerset Div.; at Somerset East, Bowker ! probably an

error as to locality. *

€,

WesteRn Recion: Little Namaqualand, near the mouth of the Orange River, ©

Drége!

Remarkably different in habit from all the preceding, and apparently largely a —

coast plant.

II, DISCHISMA, Choisy.

Calyx 2-partite; segments lateral, linear or lanceolate-blong.

Corolla tube slender, divided in front to or below the middle, dilated

behind and expanded into a flat or concave 4-lobed limb; lubes _

subequal or the middle pair longer. Stamens 4, didynamous, affixed

to the margins of the fissure below the lobes; filaments short;

anthers oblong or linear. Ovary 2-celled; style entire. Fruit

oblong or ovate, subterete or compressed, rarely spontaneously break-

ing up into cocci, both cells usually perfect; pericarp indurated,

Seeds oblong, cylindrical.

Small branched shrubs or annual herbs, resembling Hedenstreitia in habit ;

leaves alternate or the lower opposite, often narrow and toothed, rarely short

‘and broad; spikes terminal, dense, short or elongated, rarely capitate; bracts

imbricate, ovate or lanceolate, sometimes more or less leat-like.

Species 11, all South African, one of them naturalized in Western Australia.

Leaves petiolate or narrowed at the base, linear, lan-

ceolate, or rarely elliptic :

Inflorescence capitate or ovoid :

Bracts 2-3 lin. long, shortly acuminate ... (1) arenarium.

Bracts 6-8 lin. long, with a long attenuate "

apex ee whe peu “as .. (2) capitatum,

Inflorescence spicate :

Annuals, 2-6 in. high :

Corolla exserted, 5 lin.long... ... (3) spicatum.

Corolla not exserted, 2 lin. long ... (4) clancestinum,

Perennials, }-2 ft. high:

Branches and bracts more or less pubes-

cent :

Spikes elongate, narrow, and rather

lax oer ise eke 6

Spikes short in the flowering

stage, broader, rather dense :

Leaves tomentose, entire or

nearly so... an ie

Leaves glabrous, mostly

strongly toothed :

Leaves lancevlate to

elliptical sos ace (0) @vtnoiden,

Leaveslinear... .. (8) ciliatum.

Branches and bracts glabrous ... «. (9) fruticosum,

Leaves sessile, ovate or nearly as broad as long:

Leaves longer than broad, rather scattered — ... (10) squarrosum,

Leaves broader than long, much crowded ... (11) crassum,

(5) leptostachyum.

(6) tomentosum.

a *

112 ‘SELAGINER (Rolfe). [Dischisma.

1. D. arenarium (E. Meyer, Comm. 251); annual, decumbent,

usually much branched, 1-6 in. high; branches sparingly pubescent ;

leaves sessile, linear or lanceolate-linear, subacute, entire or denticulate

near the apex, glabrous, 3-6 lin. long; spikes ovoid or oblong,

3-7 lin. long; bracts ovate, acuminate, ciliate near the base, 2—3 lin.

long; calyx lobes oblong or lanceolate, acute, somewhat villous,

1 lin. long; corolla yellowish-white, 12 lin. long; tube slender ;

lobes oblong, minute ; fruit oblong, 1 lin. long. E. Meyer in Drége,

Zuet Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 113, 179; Hochst, in Flora, 1845,

70, and Beitr. Fl. Cap. und Natal. 134; Walp. Rep. iv. 149;

— Choisy in DO. Prod. xii. 7.

Coast Reeron: Clanwilliam Div. ; Zuur Fontein, 150 ft., Schlechter, 8532!

Malmesbury Div. ; between Groene Kloof and Saldanha Bay, Drége ! Cape Div. ;

Simons Bay, Wright, 510! Oatlands Point, Wolley Dod, 2983! near Green

Point, Krauss, 1629. Caledon Div.; Babylons Tower, Cape Herb, ! Div. ?

Kuils River, Cupe Herb. ; and cultivated specimens !

2. D. capitatum (Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genév. ii. ii. 94,

t. 1, fig. 2); annual, decumbent, usually much branched, 2-8 in.

high; branches pubescent; leaves sessile, lax, narrowly linear,

subacute, entire or with 1-3 pairs of teeth near the apex, glabrous,

3-7 lin. long ; spikes ovoid or oblong, 3-12 in, long; bracts 6-8 lin.

long, with a broad ovate eiliate and pubescent base, and a long

alternate linear glabrous apex, sometimes toothed and more or less

leaf-like ; calyx-lobes linear-lanceolate, acute, somewhat villous, 1 lin.

long ; corolla 2 lin. long; tube slender; lobes oblong, scarcely 3 lin.

long; fruit oblong, minutely verrucose, 1 lin. long. Choisy, Mém.

Selag. 24, t. 1, fig. 2; E. Meyer, Comm. 251, and in Drége, Zwei

Pflanzengeogr. Doeumente, 98, 107, 179; Hochst. in Flora, 1845,

70, and Beitr. Fl. Cap. und Natal. 134; Walp. Rep. iv. 149;

Choisy in DC. Prod. xii.7 ; Benth. Fl. Austral. v. 31 ; Rolfe in

Journ. Linn, Soc. xx. 355. Hebenstreitia capitata, Thunb. Prodr.

103, and Fl. Cap. ed. ‘Schult. 477; Jarosz, Pl. Nov. Cap. 13; Spreng.

Syst. Veg. ii. 754. Selago hispida, Sieh. ex Choisy in DC. Prod.

xii. 7 (not of Linn. fil.) Dischisma clandestinum, Schlechter in

Engl. Jahrb, xxvii. 187, in note (not of E. Meyer).

South AFRIcA: without precise locality, Forster! Forbes! Masson! and

cultivated specimens ! :

Coast Recion: Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; in sandy places near Ebenezer, below

500 ft., Drége! Clanwilliam Div. ; Pakhnis Berg, 2500 ft., Schlechter, 8617!

Malmesbury Div. ; near Hopefield, Bachmann, 1388! 2142! Cape Div. ; near

Cape Town, Thunberg! Harvey, 517! Cape Flats, Krauss, 1640; Rondebosch,

Wolley Dod, 641! Simons Bay, Wright! Paarl Div. ; near Paarl, 400 ft., Dréye !

Caledon Div. ; River Zonder Einde, Zeyher, 3579!

This species was also collected by Drummond in the Swan River district,

Western Australia, where it is believed to be naturalized,

3. D. spicatum (Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genév. ii, ii. 94);

annual, somewhat branched at the base; 3-6 in. high; branches

densely pubescent ; leaves linear or subspathulate, subobtuse, entire,

glabrous, }—2 in. long; spikes dense, many-flowered, 1-4 in, long ;

bracts 3} lin. long, with a broad lanceolate more or less lanate base,

Dischisma.] SELAGINES (Rolfe). 113

and an attenuate subobtuse and nearly glabrous apex ; corolla white,

52 lin. long; tube slender; lobes oblong, % lin. long; fruit oblong,

13 lin. long. Choisy, Mém, Selag. 24; BE. Meyer, Comm. 251, and

in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 71, 73, 94,179; Walp.

Rep. iv. 149; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 7; Rolfe in Journ. Linn,

Soe. xx. 355. Heblenstreitia spicata, Thunb. Prodr. 103. Dischisma

affine, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 187.

Coast Region: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Giftberg, 1500-2000 ft., Drege ! Clan-

william Div. ; near Honig Vallei and Koude Berg, 3000-4000 ft., Drége.

Western Reeion: Little Namaqualand; in dry sandy plains at the mouth of

the Orange River, Drége! on hills at 1500-2000 ft., Cape Herb. ! Vanrhynsdorp

Div.; Zout River, 450 ft., Schlechter, 8119 !

4. D. clandestinum (E. Meyer, Comm. 251); annual, erect,

rarely slightly branched at the base, 2-5 in. high ; branches somewhat

pubescent; leaves sessile, linear, subobtuse, entire or with 1-2

pairs of minute teeth near the apex, glabrous, 3-17, in. long; spikes

dense, many-flowered, 3-2 in. long; bracts 4-8 lin. long, with a

broad lanceolate lanate base, and an attenuated linear obtuse glabrous

apex ; calyx-lobes linear, acute, villous, 1}—-2 lin. long; corolla 2 lin.

long; tube slender; lobes oblong, minute. FE. Meyer in Drege,

Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 94, 179; Walp. Rep. iv. 149;

Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 7. Hebenstreitia capitata, Hort. Berol. ex

Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 6, not of Thunb. Dischisma occludens,

Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 188.

Coast Reaction: Clanwilliam Div. ; Koude Berg, 3400 ft., Schlechter, 8748 !

Western Ree@ron: Little Namaqualand ; in sandy places near the Haazen-

kraals River, 2000 ft., Drége/

5. D. leptostachyum (E, Meyer, Comm. 251); apparently a

small shrub, much branched and over 1 ft. high; branches more or

less lanate or pubescent when young ; leaves linear, subobtuse, entire

or nearly so, glabrous or slightly canescent, 3-1 in. long; spikes

elongated, many-flowered, 2-6 in. long; bracts lanceolate, more or less

lanate at the margins and base, apex attenuate or acuminate, 4—5 lin.

long ; calyx-lobes linear-lanceolate, somewhat pubescent, with the

margin membranous and ciliate, 2 lin. long ; corolla } in. long;

lobes linear, subequal, 1 lin. long ; fruit oblong. F. Meyer in Drege,

Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 91, 109, 179; Walp. Rep. iv. 149;

Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 6.

Coast REGIon: Clanwilliam Div. ; in sandy places between Piquiniers Kloof

and Pretoris Kloof, 1000-1500 ft., Drege! :

Western Reaion: Little Namaqualand; in dry plains between Goedemans

Kraal and Kaus Mountain, 2000-2500 ft., Drege!

6. D. tomentosum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 189);

a herb or perennial shrub, much branched, 6-9 in. high; branches

tomentose ; leaves rather dense, linear, subobtuse, 2-22 lin. long ;

spikes dense, rather broad, 3-11 in. long (the young flowering state

only seen); bracts elliptic-oblong, subobtuse, tomentose, 21-3 lin.

long; calyx-lobes linear, acute, ciliate, 14-1} lin. long; corolla

VOL. V. I

114 SELAGINEE (Rolfe). [ Dischisma.

4-5 lin. long; tube slender; lobes elliptic-oblong, 1-14 lin. long,

outer pair broader than the inner.

' CrntTRat Reeron: Ceres Div. ; Cold Bokkeveld, 3500 ft., Schlechter, 8879!

7. D. erinoides (Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 2, 414) ; a much-branched

straggling shrub, }—2 ft. high; branches pubescent; leaves elliptic

or lanceolate, subacute, strongly serrate or dentate, glabrous, 1-1 in.

long, sometimes more or less fascicled ; spikes dense or ultimately

somewhat lax, 1-6 in, long; bracts 3-5 lin. long, ovate and ciliate

at the base, very acuminate or almost setaceous and nearly

glabrous above; calyx-lobes linear-lanceolate, acute, puberulous,

1} lin. long; corolla white, 4-5 lin. long; tube slender; lobes oblong,

subequal, 2-1 lin. long; fruit oblong, 12 lin. long. ebenstreitia

ertnoides, Linn. fil. Suppl. 286 ; Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. 14,570 ; Thunb.

Prodr. 103, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 478; Jarosz, Pl. Nov. Cap.

13; Spreng. Syst. Veg.ii. 754; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 351.

H. chamedryfolia, Link ex Jarosz, Pl. Nov, Cap. 14; Link, Enum.

Pl. Hort. Berol. ii.125. D.flaceum, B. Meyer, Comm. 250; and in

Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 129,179; Walp. Rep. iv.

147 ; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 7; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 351.

Dischisma chamedryfolium, Walp. Rep. iv. 148; Choisy in DC.

Prod. xii. 7.

Sourn AFrioa: without precise locality, Bowie! Forbes! Masson! and

cultivated specimens!

Coast Reaion: Cape Div.; path towards Smitswinkel Bay, Wolley Dod,

3024! in shady situations on the Cape Downs, Bowie! Stellenbosch Div. ;

mountains of Hottentots Holland, Cape Herb. ! Riversdale Div. ; Tygerfontein,

800 ft., Galpin, 4400! Knysna Div.; on sand-hills near the landing-place at

Plettenberg Bay, Burchell, 5313! near the Goukamma River, Burchell, 5594!

Port Elizabeth Div. ; on sandy hills below 100 ft., at Port Elizabeth, Drége!

8. D. ciliatum (Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genév. ii. ii. 94,

excl, var. 8); a much-branched straggling shrub, 1-2 ft. or more

high; branches pubescent: leaves subsessile, linear, acute, with

I-3 pairs of teeth near the apex or subentire, glabrous, 1-1 in,

long, often more or less fascicled ; spikes usually dense, 1-6 in.

long; bracts 3-5 lin. long; ovate and ciliate at the base, very

acuminate and glabrous above ; calyx-lobes linear, concave, keeled,

membranous and ciliate at the margin, 12 lin. long ; corolla

white, 4-6 lin. long ; tube slender; lobes oblong, subequal, 1 lin.

long ; fruit oblong, 1-14 lin. long. Choisy, Mém. Selag. 24, exel.

var. B; FE, Meyer, Comm. 250, and in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 78, 85, 106, 115, 120, 179; Wadp. Rep. iv. 148 ; Choisy

in DC. Prod. xii. 6; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soe. xx. 346, 356.

Hebenstreitia ciliata, Berg. Pl. Cap. 154; Linn. Mant. 420; Thunb.

Prodr. 103, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 477; Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 331;

Jarosz, Pl. Nov. Cap. 14; Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 754. H. hispida,

Lam. Encycl. iii. 78. H, albiflora, Jarosz, Pl. Nov. Cap. 13 ; Link,

Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. ii. 124. H, alba, Jacg. Eelog. ii. t. 151.

Dischisma_hispidum, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 2, 415 3 Choisy in DC.

Prod. xii. 7.

Dischisma. | SELAGINE® (Rolfe). 115

Var. 8, crassifolium (E, Meyer, Comm. 250); leaves quite entire, somewhat

eg agg at the base. #, Meyer, in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,

ib ET.

Sourn AFRICA: without precise locality, Alewander! Miss Cole! Forster!

Mund! Nelson! Oldenburg ! Sieber, 147! Thom! Wallich! Wright, 509, 515!

Zeyher, 3586! and cultivated specimens!

Coast ReGion: Malmesbury Div.; Darling, Bachmann, 429! Zwartland,

Zeyher, 3585! Cape Div. ; Wynberg, 200-600 ft., Drege! in shady places on the

Cape Downs, Bowie / Simons Bay, MacGillivray, 626! Camps Bay, Burchell,

303! hill at Muizenberg, Wallich! foot of Table Mountain, Pappe! Ecklon,

739! Wallich! Table Mountain, above Camps Bay, 800 ft., Galpin, 4399! near

Cape Town, Harvey, 514! in stony grassy places on Lion Mountain, near Cape

Town, 800 ft., MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust. Afr., 934! Devils Peak,

Wilms, 3522! Wolley Dod, 639! Flats near Rondebosch, Zeyher, 3584! Wolley

Dod, 640! Flats near Doornhoogde, Wolley Dod, 638! Paarl Div. ; Paarl,

Elliott! rivers on Paarl Berg, Drége. Tulbagh Div. ; at Steendal, Pappe! near

Tulbagh Waterfall, 1000-2000 ft., Ecklon §° Zeyher! mountains near New

Kloof, 1000 ft., Drege ; Mitchells Pass, 1300 ft., Sch/echter, 8943! Caledon Div. ;

mountains near Genadendal, 1000-1500 ft., Drége! Zonder Hinde River, 600 ft.,

Drége! at Caledons Institution, Bowie / Riversdale Div. ; Riversdale, Rust, 446!

Mossel Bay Div. ; in a dry channel of an arm of the Gauritz River, Burchell,

6501! on the road between Hartenbosch and Mossel Bay, Burchell, 6225!

Knysna Div,; on the sands at Plettenberg Bay, Bowie! Port Elizabeth Div. ;

at Port Elizabeth, Hewitson, 140!

Western Reoion: Var. 8: Little Namaqualand ; between Silver Fontein and

Kousies (Buffels) River, 1000-2000 ft., Drege.

The variety crassifolium is only known to me from the description.

9. D. fruticosum (Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 351); perennial,

stout, erect, much branched, 1-2 ft. or more high; branches glabrous ;

leaves sessile, somewhat crowded near the base of the branches,

linear or linear-lanceolate, subobtuse, with 3-5 pairs of small

teeth above the middle, glabrous, 4—9 lin. long; spikes elongated,

dense, up to 3 in. long in fruit; bracts lanceolate or ovate, acute,

glabrous, 11-2 lin. long; ecalyx-lobes lanceolate or elliptic-oblong,

apiculate, 1-11 lin. long; corolla 3-4 lin. long; tube slender ; lobes

oblong, nearly 1 lin. long; fruit ovoid, by lin. long. Hebenstreitia

fruticosa, Linn. fil. Suppl. 287; Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. 14, 570; Poir.

Eneyel. iii. 78; Thunb. Prodr. 103 ; and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 478, excl.

syn, Berg.; Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 331; Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 754 3 not

of Sims, E, Meyer, Walpers, or Choisy. Selago ramulosa, Choisy in

DC. Prod. xii. 20, not of Link or E. Meyer.

SourH AFRICA: without precise locality, Masson !

Coast Rearon: Clanwilliam Div. ; Lamberts or A

Piquetberg Div. ; Piquetberg Mountain, Thunberg !

This species has been much confused by authors.

10. D. squarrosum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 188) ;

perennial, much branched, 1-2 ft. high ; branches minutely puberu-

lous; leaves sessile, squarrose, broadly ovate, subacute, entire or

denticulate, 12-2 lin. long; spikes oblong, very dense, {—1} in. long ;

bracts elliptie-ovate, acute, ciliate at the base, apex recurved, 22 lin.

long ; calyx-lobes linear-oblong, = keeled, ciliate, 14 lin. long ;

lexanders Kloof, Wallich!

116 SELAGINE® (Rolfe). [Dischisma.

corolla 4-5 lin. long; tube slender; lobes linear-oblong, subequal,

4-1 lin. long; fruit oblong, 12 lin. long.

Sour Arrica: without precise locality, Forsyth ! Masson!

Coast Reaion: Clanwilliam Div.; Clanwilliam, 250 ft., Schlechter, 8426!

sandy dunes near Clanwilliam, 260 ft., very common, Leipoldt, 272!

11. D. crassum (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 1 ft. or more

high ; branches divaricate, glabrous; leaves sessile, dense, spreading,

very broadly ovate, subobtuse or apiculate, crenulate, glabrous, 2 lin.

long, 23 lin, broad; gradually passing into bracts at the summit of

the branches; spikes dense, 1-1 in. long; bracts spreading, very

broadly ovate, somewhat cuneate at the base, entire, 23 lin. long and

broad ; ealyx-lobes linear-oblong, subacute, concave, ciliate, 1 lin.

long ; corolla 3-4 lin. long; tube slender; lobes oblong, subequal,

I lin. long; fruit oblong, 1 lin. long.

Sours AFRica: without precise locality, Masson !

Coast Reeion: Piquetberg Div.; sea shore near St. Helena Fontein,

Wallich !

A very remarkable species, bearing some resemblance to Hebenstreitia cordata,

Linn., with which Masson appears to have collected it. Owing to the peculiar

leaf-arrangement the branches have a remarkable thickened appearance,

III. WALAFRIDA, E. Meyer.

(Seago, Sect. Maorta, E. Meyer.)

Calyx 3-lobed or 3-partite, with the middle lobe usually smaller,

sometimes minute or wanting. Oorolla: tube short or somewhat

elongate, often narrow at the base, broader in the throat; limb sub-

equally or unequally 5-lobed, sometimes partially bilabiate, the two

posterior lobes sometimes shorter, and the middle anterior lobe rather

longer than the others. Stamens 4, didynamous, inserted in the

corolla throat, more or less exserted; filaments filiform; anthers

perfectly 1-celled. Ovary 2-celled; style slender, obtuse, slightly

clavate or minutely bidentate at the apex. Fruit ovoid, globose or

oblong, included within the calyx, often separating into distinct cocci

when mature; pericarp slender, crustaceous or equally indurated

round the cells, rarely with a pair of spurious cells at their adjacent

margins. Seeds short or oblong.

Shrubs or undershrubs, often heath-like, dwarf and much branched, sometimes

small annual herbs ; leaves narrow or small, sometimes minute, alternate, often

crowded in axillary fascicles, entire; flowers sessile in the axils of the bracts,

arranged in short terminal spikes or heads, which are often aggregated into

‘corymbs or narrow panicles at the summit of the branches; bracts ovate or

narrow, more or less imbricate,

Species 31 in South Africa, one of which extends into Tropical Africa, with four

additional representatives in the latter region, and a single outlying species in

Central Madagascar.

This genus was originally founded by E. Meyer on a single species, characterized

by the presence in the cocci of a pair of additional spurious cells (analagous to

these found in Hebenstreitia, sect. Polycenia), but in Bentham and Hooker’s

Walafrida. | SELAGINE# (Rolfe). 117

Genera Plantarum it was reduced to Selago, because the calyx is identical with

that of Selago, sect. Macria, E. Meyer, The character of the calyx, however, in

this Order has been so much relied upon for generic limitations that I have here

restored Walafrida, enlarging it by the addition of the species of Selago having a

three-lobed calyx (sometimes 2-lobed by abortion), thus restricting Selago to the

species having a 5-lobed calyx. The extra South African species are W. lacunosa,

Rolfe (Selago lacunosa, Klotzsch), W. alopecuroides, Rolfe (S. alopecwroides,

Rolfe), W. angolensis, Rolfe (S. angolensis, Rolfe), and W. Dinteri, Rolfe (S.

- Dinteri, Rolfe), all from Tropical Africa, and W. muralis, Rolfe (8. muralis

Benth. & Hook. f.), from Madagascar. ;

Section 1. Evu-Watarripa. Fruit globose or ovoid-

globose, with a pair of vacuoles or spurious cells in each

carpel ... me ii ae cae i ie ... (1) nitida.

Section 2, Maogia. Fruit oblong or ovoid-oblong,

without vacuoles or spurious cells :

*Perennials, very rarely erect annuals:

Leaves not fascicled :

Leaves entire :

Leaves strongly ciliate ap ... (2) ciliata.

Leaves not ciliate, rarely hispid at the

margin :

Leaves ovate or lanceolate ... (3) myrtifolia.

Leaves linear or lanceolate-

linear ;

Corolla-tube 24-3 lin. long... (4) albanensis.

Corolla-tube 14-2 lin. long :

Leaves hispid at the

margin, not turning ‘

black in drying ... (5) recurva.

Leaves not hispid at the

margin, turning black

in drying :

Spikes somewhat

elongated and

rather lax ... (6) zuurbergensis.

Spikes short and

rather dense... (7) Zeyheri.

Leaves crenulute or denticulate ... ... (8) apiculata.

Leaves more or less fascicled :

7Flowers in compact or lax corymbose

panicles; corolla-tube 14-24 lin. long :

Leaves orbicular or broadly-elliptic... (9) rotundifolia.

Leaves linear or lanceolate-linear :

Leaves 3-6 lin. long; calyx-lobes

subacute as ad © vse (10) Ginerea,

Leaves 2-4 lin. long ; calyx lobes

acute :

Corymb usually small and

dense; corolla-tube 2-2}

lin. long ... itis ... (11) Macowani.

Corymb usually lax ; .corolla- a

tube 14-2 lin. long ... (12) decipiens.

{{Flowers aggregated in dense ovoid or

oblong terminal heads :

Corolla-tube 14-24 lin. long:

Middle lobe of calyx rather smaller

than the side lobes :

Calyx 1 lin. long; corolla- :

tube 14 lin. long ... ... (13) witbergensis,

118 SELAGINEH (Rolfe). [ Walafrida.

Calyx 14-14 lin. long; corolla-

tube 2-24 lin. long ... (Lt) polycephala.

Middle lobe of calyx minute or

obsolete ... dus ves .. (15) congesta.

Corolla-tube #-1} lin, (rarely 14 lin.)

long:

Largest leaves 4-7 lin. long:

Leaves linear, often rather

fleshy :

Bracts ovate-oblong, and

as well as the leaves

distinctly fleshy ... (16) crassifolia.

Bracts —_ oblong-lanceo-

late, not or scarcely

fleshy... Re ... (17) Nachtigali.

Leaves filiform or nearly so.. (18) tenuifolia.

Largest leaves 1~3 lin. long;

Leaves with minute blackish

dots es oe ... (19) distans.

Leaves concolorous :

Branches puberulous,

often minutely so;

Bracts _ linear-ob-

long :

Side-lobes of

calyx sub-

acute .- (20) diffusa.

Side-lobes of

calyx obtuse (21) gracilis.

Bracts ovate-oblong;

Calyx #2 lin.

long; leaves

spreading .., (22) squarroga.

Calyx 1. lin.

long; leaves

not spread-

Ing 3s. -+» (23) articulata.

Branches strongly and

closely pubescent ... (24) pubescens.

{i{Flowers in roundish or oblong heads,

which are numerous and mostly arranged

on short lateral branchlets, forming elon-

gated narrow’ panicles towards the

summit of the branches; corolla-tube

f-1} lin. long: —

Leaves oblong-linear and rather rigid ;

panicles short ;

Bracts linear-oblong.., tee ... (25) micrantha.

Bracts ovate-oblong ... si +» (26) saxatilis.

Leaves not rigid; panicles generally

much elongated ;

Leaves narrow, often more or less

filiform... «4... a4. (27) densiflora.

Leaves linear, sometimes lanceolate-

linear, not filiform be ... (28) paniculata.

{yi {Flowers usually in elongated narrow spikes :

Spikes usually aggregated into lax

panicles ... ive sos oes --» (29) geniculata.

Spikes numerous, aggregated into com.

pact panicles ... bbe .-. (80) polystachya.

** Annual, decumbent, 2-3 in. high .,. ai +». (81) minuta,

Walafrida. | SELAGINE (Rolfe). 119

1. W. nitida (E. Meyer, Comm. 272); perennial, much branched,

1-2 ft. high; branches divaricate, pubescent ; leaves not fascicled,

broadly ovate or ovate-oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, entire, glab-

rous, 3-6 lin. long; spikes ovoid or oblong, dense, }—1 in. long ;

bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute, pubescent, 2-3 lin. long; calyx 1} lin.

long; lobes ovate-lanceolate, acute, puberulous, subequal; corolla

rose-purple ; tube slender, 4 lin. long ; lobes elliptic-oblong, subequal,

1 lin. long; fruit ovoid, globose, 1-1} lin. long. ZH. Meyer in Drége,

Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 118, 126, 229; Walp. Rep. iv.

144 ; Choisy in DO. Prod. xii. 21. W. trimera, Hochst. in Flora,

1845, 70; Krauss, Beitr. Fl. Cap. und Natal. 134; Walp. Rep.

iv. 144. Selago nitida, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 187 (in

note).

Sourn AFRICA : on sands of the south-east coast, Bowie!

Coast ReGion: Caledon Div. ; River Zonder Hinde, Zeyher, 3561! Humans-

dorp Div. ; between Gamtoos River and Kabeljouw River, below 500 ft., Drége!

Uitenhage Div.; Algoa Bay, Forbes! Cooper, 2486! Uitenhage, Zeyher!

Pappe ! stony places near the Elands River, Zeyher, 936! 3558! Van Stadens

Berg, on rocks at 1500-2000 tt., Drege! Zeyher! Ecklon 5 Zeyher! on the road

between Galgebosch and Melk River, Burchell, 4776! on the sides of Winter-

hoek Mountains, Krauss, 1106! Port Elizabeth Div. ; slopes of Baakens Valley,

Tyson, 2189! Port Elizabeth, Hewitson, 139!

2. W. ciliata (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, 1-2 ft. high;

branches pubescent, often stout; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate,

acute, strongly ciliate, 3-5 lin. long, generally crowded ; spikes

oblong, dense, 3-1} lin. long; bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute or

acuminate, ciliate, 2-3 lin. long ; calyx 12 lin. long; lobes subulate-

lanceolate, acute, ciliate ; corolla purple or sometimes white ; tube

slender, 2-2: lin. long ; lobes broadly-oblong, 1-1} lin. long; fruit

ovoid-oblong, 1 lin. long (immature). Selago ciliata, Linn. fil. Suppl.

285 ; Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. 14, 568; Thunb. Prodr. 100, and Fl, Cap.

ed. Schult. 465; Choisy, Mém. Selag. 39, ¢. 5; EB. Meyer, Comm.

271, and in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr, Documente, 120, 219; Hochst.

in Flora, 1845, 70; Krauss, Beitr. Fl. Cap. und Natal. 134 ; Drege

in Linnea, xx. 202; Walp. Rep. iv. 165 ; Choisy in DC. Prod, xu.

20; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 350.

Sourn ArFRicaA:; without precise locality,

Forsyth ! ; : :

Coast ReGion: Swellendam Div.; on hills between Buffeljagts River and

Karmelks River, 500-1000 ft., Drége / on hills near the Buffeljagts River, Zeyher,

3561! near Swellendam, Pappe! Riversdale Div. ; between Gaurita River and

Great Vals River, Burchell, 6518! between Great Vals River and Zoetemelks

River, Burchell, 6573! hills near Zoetemelks River, Burchell, 6749! George

Div. ; margins of woods near George, Krauss, 1135!

Thunberg! Masson! Oldenburg,

3. W. myrtifolia (Rolfe) ; perennial, loosely branched, 1-2 ft.

high ; branches puberulous ; leaves lanceolate or oblong, subacute,

3-8 lin. long ; spikes ovoid or oblong, dense, 3-1} lin. long ; bracts

lanceolate, acute, ciliate, 2-3 lin. long ; calyx 1-1} lin. long ; lobes

lanceolate, acute, ciliate ; corolla purple ; tube slender, 4 lin. long ;

lobes oblong, 1 lin. long. Selago myrtifolia, Reichb. Mittheil. 1829,

120 SELAGINES (Rolfe). | Walafrida.

68, ex Reichb. Ic. Exot. Cent. iii. 10, t. 223; Walp. Rep. iv. 166.

S. Gillii, Hook, Bot. Mag. t. 3028; Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1504; Choisy

in DC. Prod, xii. 20. 8. ohlendorfiana, Lehm. Delectus Seminum

Hort. Hamb. 1831, 6 ; and Linnea, vi. Litt.-Ber. 74; Walp. Rep.

iv. 167; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 21.

Sourn Arnica; without precise locality, cultivated specimens !

4, W. albanensis (Rolfe); perennial, 1-2 ft. high ;_ branches

erect, virgate, puberulous; leaves linear-lanceolate, acute, hispidulous

at the margins, imbricate, 2-4 lin. long ; spikes broadly oblong, dense,

3~{ in. long ; bracts subulate-lanceolate, acute, hispidulous and ciliate

at the margin, 2-3 lin. long; calyx 12-2 lin. long ; lobes subulate,

acute, hispidulous-ciliate ; corolla mauve ( Galpin) ; tube slender,

22-3 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, 1 lin, long. Selago albanensis,

Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 503.*

Coast Recion: Western districts? without precise locality, . Cooper, 3077 !

Albany Div.; Grahams Town, Cape Herb.! Bathurst Div.; Kasuga River,

MacOuan, 732! Port Alfred, at 200 ft., Galpin, 3022!

CENTRAL REGION: Somerset Div.; Somerset East, Bowker !

5. W. recurva (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched » 1-2 ft. high ;

branches divariecate, minutely puberulous; leaves lanceolate-linear,

acute, rigid, hispidulous at the margin, carinate, somewhat recurved

at the apex, 2-4 lin. long ; not turning black in drying; spikes ovoid

or oblong, dense, 1-11 lin, long; bracts ovate-lanceolate, aeuminate,

hispidulous and somewhat ciliate, 2 lin, long; calyx 1 lin. long;

lobes subulate-lanceolate, acute, ciliate, unequal ; corolla-tube slender,

1} lin. long; lobes orbicular-oblong, 3 lin. long; fruit oblong, 1 lin.

long. Selago recurva, E. Meyer, Comm. 271; and in Drege, Zwei

Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 130, 219; Walp. Rep. iv. 166; Choisy in

DC. Prod, xii. 19, partly.

Coast ReGion : Humansdorp Diy. ; i jouw

River, 600. Dees rp Div. ; between Gamtoos River and Kabeljouw

Choisy (l.c.) has confused this species with Selago fruticosa, Linn., to which

it bears some superficial resemblance,

6. W. zuurbergensis (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 1-12 ft.

high; branches minutely puberulous in decurrent lines from the leaf-

bases ; leaves not fascicled, somewhat crowded, linear-oblong, sub-

acute, hispidulous, 2-3 lin, long ;_ spikes oblong, somewhat lax,

1-2 in. long; bracts linear-laneeolate, acute, hispidulous, 23-8 lin.

long ; calyx 11~12 lin. long, puberulous ; lobes ovate-lanceolate, acute,

ciliate ; the middle lobe rather smaller than the lateral pair ; corolla-

tube linear-oblong, 14~2 lin. long ; lobes broadly oblong, unequal

about half as long as the tube. é

Coast Recion: Alexandria Div. ; Zuurberg Range, at 2000 ft., Bolus, 9123!

7. W. Zeyheri (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 1-2 ft, high ;

branches more or less divaricate, puberulous or pubescent ; leaves

Walafiida. | SELAGINES (Rolfe). 121

linear or linear-oblong, subaeute, often recurved, fleshy, glabrous,

2-5 lin, long, turning black in drying; spikes oblong or somewhat

elongated, dense, 3-1 in. long; bracts lanceolate, subacute, ciliate,

11-22 lin. long; calyx 3-14 lin. long; lobes subulate-lanceolate,

acute, ciliate, unequal; corolla-tube slender, 1}—2 lin. long; lobes

orbicular-oblong, 2-1 lin. long ; fruit subglobose, $ lin. long. Selago

Zeyheri, Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 19. S. sp., Drege in Linnea,

xx. 202.

Soutrn Arrica; without precise locality, Masson !

Coast Reeion : Uitenhage Div. ; fields near the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 83!

hills of Addo, Zeyher, 769! calcareous places on the flats between the Coega and

Zwartkops Rivers, Zeyher, 961! 3559! between the Zwartkops and Sunday

Rivers, under 1000 ft., Ecklon §° Zeyher !

8. W. apiculata (Rolfe); perennial, branched chiefly at the base,

about % ft. high; branches puberulous ; leaves solitary, somewhat

crowded, elliptic-lanceolate or oblong, apiculate, denticulate, puberu-

lous, 3-4: lin. long ; heads ovoid, dense, 5-8 lin. long; bracts broadly _

obovate- or elliptic-oblong, apiculate, concave, slightly eiliate, 15 lin. _

long ; calyx 14 lin. long, unilateral ; lobes broadly oblong, subobtuse or ~

apiculate, ciliate, nearly as long as the tube; corolla-tube broadly

oblong, 14 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong or suborbiecular, shorter

than the tube. Selago apiculata, E. Meyer, Comm. 256, and in

Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 53,219; Walp. Rep. iv. 151;

Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 16.

Centra Region: Aliwal North Div.; summit of the Witte Bergen, 7000—

7500 ft., Drége !

9. W. rotundifolia (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 1-2 ft.

or more high ; branches erect, virgate, puberulous ; leaves numerous

and dense, orbicular or elliptic-oblong, obtuse, glaucous, 2-7 lin.

long ; flowers arranged in dense corymbose cymes or panicles, 3—2 in.

broad; bracts lanceolate-oblong, subacute, puberulous, 1} lin. long ;

calyx 1 lin, long ; lobes subulate-lanceolate, puberulous ; corolla-tube

slender, 21 lin. long; lobes broadly-oblong, 3—{% lin. long; fruit

oblong, 1 lin. long. Selago rotundifolia, Linn. fil. Suppl. 285 ;

Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. 14, 568; Thunb. Prodr. 100, and Fi. Cap. ed.

Schult. 465; E. Meyer, Comm. 271, andin Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 128,219; Walp. Rep. iv. 166; Drege in Linnea, xx. 202 ;

Choisy in DOC. Prod. xii. 20; Rolfe in Journ, Linn. Soc. xx. 350,

Sourn Arrica: without precise locality, Masson !

Coast Recion: Knysna Div.; near Knysna, among heaths, Tyson in Mac-

Owan § Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust. Afr., 974 ! Port Elizabeth Div. ; on grassy hills

at Krakakamma, Zeyher, 586! 3562! in moist depressions between Klaasniemand

Fontein and Bethelsdorp, 500 ft., Drege! Uitenhage Div.; on the flats near Van

Stadens River Mountains, Zeyher, 586! between Krakakamma and Van Stadens

Berg, Ecklon S' Zeyher!

10. W. cinerea (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, 1-2 ft, or more

high; branches erect, puberulous; leaves more or less faseicled,

linear or linear-oblong, subobtuse, glaucous or minutely canescent,

122 SELAGINEZ (Rolfe). | Walafrida.

3-6 lin. long; flowers arranged in dense corymbose cymes

or panicles, 1-3 in. broad; bracts linear-lanceolate, subacute,

minutely ciliate, 1-11 lin. long; calyx 3—1 lin. long, canescent ;

lobes lanceolate, subacute, ciliate ; corolla white to blue (Flanaghan) ;

tube slender, 13-2 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, 1 lin. long.

Selago cinerea, Linn. fil. Suppl. 285, not of E. Meyer or Choisy ;

Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. 14, 568; Thunb. Prodr. 99, and Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 463; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soe. xx. 350. JS. cinerascens,

LE, Meyer, Comm. 270, not of Choisy ; Walp, Rep. iv. 165.

Sourn Arrica: without precise locality, Drége!

Coast Region: Riversdale Div. ; near Milkwood Fontein, 600 ft., Galpin,

4403! Riversdale, Rust, 167! Knysna Div.; Knysna, Bowie! Bast London

Div.; banks of Kahoon River, East London, 50 ft., Galpin, 3332! Kahoon

Drift, near East London, 2000 ft., Flanaghan, 214!

* 8. cinerascens, E. Meyer,”’ quoted by Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 70, and Krauss,

Beitr. Fl. Cap. und Natal, 134, as collected on Devils Mountain, Cape Div., by

Krauss, is probably different.

11. W. Macowani (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 1-2 ft. or

more high; branches puberulous; leaves in approximate fascicles,

linear or linear-oblong ; flower-heads dense, more or less arranged

in corymbs, 3-12 in. broad; bracts linear-lanceolate, acute,

minutely ciliate, 2 lin. long; calyx 1-12 lin. long; lobes subulate,

acute, puberulous ; corolla-tube slender, 2-21 lin. long ; lobes oblong,

1 lin, long ; fruit oblong, 1 lin. long,

Coast Rzaion ; Albany Div.; Bothas Berg, MacOwan, 970! 981!

12. W. decipiens (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 1-2 ft. or

more high; branches more or less erect, minutely puberulous ; leaves

more or less fascicled, linear or oblong-linear, acute, minutely

canescent, 2~3 lin. long ; spikes short, dense-flowered, often more or

less aggregated into compact or loose corymbs at the summit of the

branches ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, minutely ciliate,

3-2 lin. long; calyx 8-1 lin. long; lobes triangular-lanceolate,

acuminate, unequal; corolla-tube slender, 13-2 lin. long; lobes

elliptic-oblong, subequal, $ lin. long ; fruit ovoid-oblong, 1 lin. long.

Selago decipiens, H. Meyer, Comm. 270; Walp. Rep. iv. 165;

Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 19. 8. canescens, Drége in Linnea, xx.

202, not of Linn. fil.

SourH Arrica: without precise locality, Drege /

Coast Kr@ion ; Uitenhage Div. ; stony plains on the hills above Elands River,

Zeyher, 929! between Coega River and Sunday River, Zeyher, 1377! Grasrug,

300 ft., Bawr, 1013! Uitenhage, Puppe! Port Elizabeth Div. 3; near Port

Elizabeth, Wilms, 2456! Alexandria Diy. ; hills of Addo, Zeyher, 769! Hckion

¥ Zeyher! Albany Div.; near Grahamstown, Burke, 419!

There seems to have been some confusion with Zeyher’s 769, which in the

British Museum Herbarium and at Dublin belongs to this species, while at Kew

it is attached to W. Zeyheri, Rolfe.

13. W. witbergensis (Kolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 1 ft. or

more high ; branches puberulous or eanescent ; leaves more or less

Walafrida.] SELAGINE® (Rolfe). 123

fascicled, linear, subobtuse, rather fleshy, canescent, 2-3 lin. long ;

spikes ovoid, 8-6 lin. long, more or less aggregated into a corymb

at the summit of the branches; bracts linear-lanceolate, subobtuse,

puberulous and eiliate, 13 lin. long; calyx .pubescent, 1 lin.

long ; side-lobes ovate, middle lobe subulate, all acute and ciliate ;

corolla white (Galpin); tube 14 lin. long; lobes elliptic-oblong,

subequal, 1 lin. long. Selago witbergensis, E. Meyer, Comm. 270,

and in Drége, Zwet Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 52,219; Walp. Rep.

iv. 165; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 18.

Sourn ArricA: without precise locality, Verreaua ! ;

CrntRAL ReGion : Aliwal North Div.; Witte Bergen, among stones and grass,

5000-6000 ft., Drege.

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div.; Zwartkops River, Ecklon S§ Zeyher,

39! 51!

1 have not seen Drége’s original specimen.

14. W. polycephala (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, 1 ft. or more

high ; branches puberulous ; leaves densely fascicled, usually spreading, _

linear, obtuse, nearly glabrous, 2-3 lin. long; spikes ovoid, very

dense, seldom arranged in corymbs, 6-10 lin. long; bracts ovate~

lanceolate, acuminate, nearly glabrous, 2-23 lin. long; calyx

11-11 lin. long; lateral lobes elliptic-oblong, acute, middle lobe

subulate-lanceolate, acute, all ciliate; corolla-tube linear-oblong,

2-21 lin, long; lobes elliptic-oblong, subequal, $ lin. long. Selago

polycephala, Otto ex Walp. Rep. iv. 164; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 19.

Sourn AFrica: without precise locality ; cultivated specimens,

Coast Re@ion : Uitenhage Div.; on the sand-hills near the Zwartkops River,

Zeyher, 3576! ‘ Kakkerlak Valley,” Zeyher, 3566!

The original description of this species was made from cultivated specimens,

which I have not seen.

15. W. congesta (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, over 6 in.

high; branches puberulous; leaves fascicled, linear, subobtuse,

nearly glabrous, 11-2} lin. long; spikes terminal, solitary, ovoid,

dense, 6 lin. long; bracts linear-lanceolate, acute, hispidulous,

11-2 lin. long; calyx 1-14 lin. long, hispidulous ; lateral lobes linear-

oblong, obtuse, ciliate ; middle lobe very minute or obsolete ; corolla-

tube linear-oblong, 2 lin. long; lobes obovate-oblong, subequal, about

a third as long as the tube. Selago congesta, Rolfe in Journ. Linn.

Soc. xx. 356. S. fruticosa, Thunb. Prodr. 98, and Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 460, partly, not of Linn. fil.

Sourn AFRICA; without precise locality, Thunberg! Masson !

16. W. crassifolia (Rolfe) ; perennial, over 6 in. high; branches

minutely canescent; leaves mostly somewhat fascicled, linear,

subobtuse, minutely caneseent, fleshy, 3-6 lin. long; spikes capi-

tate or short, dense, corymbosely arranged and congested at the

summit of the branches; bracts ovate-oblong, subobtuse, fleshy,

slightly ciliate near the base, 1} lin. long; calyx 2 lin, long; lateral

124 SELAGINEZ (Rolfe). [| Walafrida.

lobes broadly elliptic-ovate, obtuse, ciliate ; middle lobe similar but

rather smaller ; corolla-tube campanulate-oblong, 14 lin. long; lobes

orbicular-oblong, scarcely half as long as the tube.

CentRat Reeion: Murraysburg Div.; near Murraysburg, 4000 ft., Tyson,

177!

17. W. Nachtigali (Rolfe) ; perennial ?, branched chiefly near the

base, about 6-9 in. high; branches minutely canescent; leaves

somewhat fascicled or rarely solitary, linear or oblong-linear, sub-

acute, minutely canescent, 1-7 lin. long; spikes capitate or oblong,

up to { in. long, often numerous and more or less corymbosely

arranged at the summit of the branches; bracts oblong-lanceolate to

linear-oblong, subacute, minutely canescent, 1-13 lin. long ; ealyx

{1 lin. long; lateral lobes elliptic-oblong, obtuse, minutely ciliate ;

_ middle lobe usually smaller, sometimes nearly obsolete ; corolla white

. (Galpin) ; tube oblong, 3-1 lin. long; lobes elliptic-oblong, about

half as long as the tube; fruit broadly ovoid or subglobose, slightly

compressed, $ lin. long. Selago Nachtigali, Rolfe in Verhandl. Bot.

Ver, Brandenb. xxxi. 205.

_ Sovurn Arrica: without precise locality, Nachtigal!

Coast ReGIoN: Queenstown Div.; Shiloh, 3500 ft., Bawr, 773! plains near

Queenstown, 3500 ft., Galpin, 1646!

Katanaki Recion: Griqualand West; plains between Griqua Town and

Witte Water, Burchell, 1895! near Griqua Town, Orpen in Bolus Herb.,

5752! and without precise locality, Marloth, 1030! Orange River Colony ;

Mud River Drift, Reimann, 3603 ! Bechuanaland ; Masupa River, in Banquaketse

Territory, Holub !

HasteRn Recion: Natal! Port Natal, Miss Owen!

18. W. tenuifolia (Rolfe) ; perennial, branched chiefly at the base,

about 1 ft. high; branches minutely puberulous ; leaves in approxi-

mate fascicles, filiform, subobtuse, minutely puberulous, 3-7 lin. long ;

spikes short, subcapitate when young, arranged in dense corymbose

panicles at the end of the branches, 3-22 in. broad ; bracts oblong,

subobtuse, concave, very minutely puberulous, 1 lin. long ; calyx

1 lin. long ; lobes linear-oblong, subobtuse, minutely ciliate ; corolla-

__ tube oblong, 1 lin. long; lobes subequal, nearly half as long as the

_ tube ; fruit subglobose, compressed, * lin. long,

Katanari ReGion : Transvaal ; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1161! 1162! Brank-

horst Spruit, in the Middelburg District, Wilms, 116la!

19. W. distans (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 6 in. or more

high; branches puberulous or minutely hispidulous when old ; leaves

in approximate fascicles, linear, obtuse, somewhat thickened at the

margin, glaucous and bearing numerous minute brown dots, 2-3 lin.

long ; spikes solitary, short ; bracts linear, obtuse, slightly thickened,

glaucous and bearing numerous minute brown dots, 12 lin. long;

calyx 1 lin. long; lateral lobes ovate-oblong, obtuse, sometimes biden-

tate at the apex, very minutely ciliate; middle lobe much smaller;

corolla-tube campanulate, 1 lin. long ; lobes elliptie-oblong, subequal,

3 as long as the tube. Selago distans, E. Meyer, Comm. 266, and in

Walafrida.] SELAGINEM (Rolfe). 125 :

Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 65, 219, not of Lindl. ; Walp.

Rep. iv. 160; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 11. %

CentTRAL ReEaton: Prince Albert Div. ; Kendo, on dry hills at 3000-4000 ft., i

Drége! ae

20. W. diffusa (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, more or less

diffuse, about 6 in. high; branches minutely puberulous; leaves —

somewhat fascicled, linear, subacute, nearly glabrous, 11-2 lin, ~~

long; bracts linear, subacute, nearly glabrous, 1-1} lin. long;

calyx 1 lin. long; lateral lobes elliptic-oblong, subobtuse, ciliate, _

sometimes minutely bidentate at the apex; middle lobe acute, only

half as long as the lateral lobes; corolla-tube oblong, 1 lin. long ;

lobes broadly oblong, subequal, scarcely half as long as the tube ;

fruit ovoid-oblong, * lin. long. Selago diffusa, Hochst in Flora,

1845, 68; Krauss, Beitr. Fl. Cap. und Natal. 132, not of Thunb. ;

Choisy in DC. Prod, xii. 12.

coer Reaion! Humansdorp Div. ; in clay soil near the Zekoe River, Krauss,

11387!

21. W. gracilis (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, about 6 in.

high ; branches puberulous; leaves in approximate fascicles, linear,

obtuse, minutely puberulous, 3-11 lin. long; spikes oblong, narrow,

18 lin. long; bracts lanceolate-linear, subacute, somewhat curved,

slightly ciliate near the base, 3-1 lin. long ; calyx { lin. long ; lateral

lobes oblong, obtuse, ciliate; middle lobe acute, minute ; corolla-tube

oblong, 1-11 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, unequal, about half as

long as the tube, Selago sp., Drége in Linnea, xx. 202.

Coast Region: Swellendam Div.; Hassaquas Kloof, Zeyher, 3577 !

22. W. squarrosa (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, about

6 in. high; branches spreading, puberulous; leaves more or less

fascicled, spreading, linear, obtuse, minutely canescent, 3+2 lin.

long; spikes oblong, narrow, }—% in. long; bracts ovate, apiculate

and subobtuse, ciliate near the base, 1 lin. long; calyx { lin. long ;

lateral lobes ovate, obtuse, ciliate ; middle lobe much smaller ;

corolla-tube oblong, 1 lin. long; lobes elliptic-oblong, unequal, not

half as long as the tube ; fruit ovoid, $ lin. long.

Coast ReGion: Riversdale Div.; Riversdale, Rust, 259! Uitenhage Div.;

in stony and sandy places, Koegas Kop, Cape Herb. !

23. W. articulata (Rolfe); perennial, much branehed, 3-8 in.

high ; branches puberulous or pubescent ; leaves densely fascicled,

linear or oblong-linear, obtuse, minutely canescent, 3-1 lin. long;

spikes capitate or short, corymbosely arranged at the summit of the

branches or solitary ; bracts oblong or ovate-oblong, obtuse, velvety,

1 lin. long; calyx 1 lin. long, pubescent ; lateral lobes linear-oblong,

subobtuse, ciliate ; middle lobe about half as long as the lateral lobes ;

corolla-tube about 12 lin. long; lobes elliptic-oblong, unequal,

scarcely half as long as the tube ; fruit ovoid-oblong, 3-3 lin. long.

Selago articulata, Thunb. Prodr. 99, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 460 ;

126 SELAGINER (Rolfe). [ Walafrida.

Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 21; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 351.

_S. geniculata, Choisy in DO. Prod. xii. 9, not of Linn. fil. 8.

geniculata, var. B, Choisy, Mém. Selag. 33, fide Choisy.

South Arrica: without precise locality, Thunberg / Masson! Lichtenstein,

386!

CENTRAL ReGioN: Calvinia Div. ; Hantam Mountains, Meyer !

24. W. pubescens (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, about 1 ft.

high; branches densely and closely pubescent; leaves fascieled,

linear, obtuse, minutely canescent, 3-1 lin. long ; spikes capitate or

oblong, rather narrow, 2—4 lin. long; bracts linear-oblong, obtuse,

canescent, ciliate at the base, 3—1 lin, long ; calyx % lin. long; lateral

lobes ovate-oblong, obtuse, pubescent and ciliate; middle lobe much

smaller; corolla-tube oblong, 1 lin. long; lobes elliptic-oblong,

unequal, not half as long as the tube.

Coast Rea@ion: Cape Div. ; Simons Town, Schlechter, 663!

25. W. micrantha (Rolfe); perennial much branched, 3-11 ft.

high ; branches densely puberulous ; leaves in approximate fascicles,

more or less spreading, linear, obtuse, minutely puberulous, fleshy,

3-2 lin. long; spikes capitate or oblong in fruit, arranged in a more

or less eompact somewhat elongated panicle towards the summit of

the branches; bracts oblong or linear-oblong, obtuse, minutely

puberulous, 3-11 lin. long; calyx 3—* lin. long; lateral lobes

elliptic-oblong, obtuse, usually more or less ciliate, united to near the

middle ; middle lobe generally much smaller and narrower ; corolla-

tube oblong, 3-1 lin. long; lobes elliptic-oblong, subequal, searcely

half as long as the tube; fruit ovoid, * lin.long. Selago micrantha,

Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genév. ii. ii. 98, and in Mém. Selag. 28 ;

E, Meyer, Comm. 269, and in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,

54, 219; Walp. Rep. iv. 164; Choisy in DOC. Prod. xii. 19. S.

appressa, Drége in Linnea, xx. 202, not of Choisy. 8S. glabrata,

var., Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 9. 8. fruticosa, Choisy in DC. Prod.

xii. 19, not of Linn.

Sourn Arrica: without precise locality, Masson / Thom, 146! 193! Krebs !

Alexander ! 5

Coast Raton : Swellendam Diy.; between Swellendam and Cogmans Kloof,

800 ft., Bolus, 8073! plains of Swellendam, Bowie ! Uitenhage Div. ; fields near

the Zwartkops River, Hcklon, 29! Commando Kraal, between Karroogebosch and

Sunday River, Zeyher, 3575! Zwartkops River Hoogte, Cape Herb.! Enon,

400-500 ft., Bawr, 1050!

CentRAL ReGion: Somerset Div.; without locality or collector! Philips-

town Div.; Bavers Pan, Burchell, 2713 ; Colesberg Div.; on a rocky mountain

at Naauw Poort, Burchell, 2767! Albert Div.; without precise locality,

Cooper, 18359! New Hantam or Zeekoe River ? Drege.

Katanart Reaion: Orange River Colony, without precise locality, Cooper,

827!

This species has been much confused if all the above are correctly referred here.

The original specimen I have not seen.

26. W. saxatilis (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, 1-1 ft. or

more high; branches minutely puberulous ; leaves in approximate

fascicles, linear or oblong-linear, obtuse, nearly glabrous, 3—2 lin. long ;

_ Me,

Walafrida. | SELAGINES (Rolfe). 127

spikes small, capitate or oblong, dense, laterally arranged on very

short lateral branchlets in a compact somewhat elongated panicle —

towards the summit of the branches; bracts ovate-oblong, obtuse,

rather fleshy, ciliate at the base, $-1 lin. long ; calyx }—} lin. long;

lateral lobes elliptic-oblong, obtuse, strongly ciliate ; middle lobe

very small or obsolete; corolla-tube oblong, } lin. long; lobes

broadly-oblong, subequal, not half as long as the tube. Selago —

saxatilis, E. Meyer, Comm. 269, and in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 54, 219; Walp. Rep. iv. 163; Choisy in DC. Prod.

xii 18. zi

Sour AFRICA: without precise locality, Scott-Elliot, 537! 4

Centra ReaGion: Colesberg Div.; among stones near Colesberg, 4500 ft., —

Drége! Shaw, 53! 56! *

Katanari Rxeion: Griqualand West; Eitalers Fontein, Rehmann, 3347 !

Orange River Colony ; Bloemfontein, Rehmann, 3895! 8896!

27. W. densiflora (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, more

or less diffuse, 1-12 ft. high; branches puberulous, somewhat

flexuose; leaves more or less fascicled, linear, obtuse, glabrous or

nearly so, 14-5 (rarely to 8) lin. long; spikes globose, at length

somewhat elongated, dense, laterally arranged on short branchlets

and forming dense somewhat elongated panicles at the summit of the

branches ; bracts linear or oblong-linear, subobtuse, nearly glabrous,

curved, 1—% lin. long; calyx } lin. long; lateral lobes oblong or

elliptic-oblong, middle lobe subulate, all sparingly ciliate or nearly

glabrous; corolla white (Burchell) or mauve (Galpin); tube

oblong, broader above, } lin. long ; lobes elliptic-oblong, subequal,

half as long as the tube; fruit broadly-ovoid, 3-2 lin. long. Selago

densiflora, Rolfe in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. 222.

Kananart Region: Griqualand West; between Griqua Town and Moses

Fontein, Burchell, 2184! Honeynest Kloof, Rehmann, 3396! and without precise

locality, Marloth, 910! Orange River Colony; Caledon River, Burke, 422!

Zeyher, 1380! Cliphants Fontein, Rehmann, 3513! Draai Fontein, Rehmann,

3631! 3634! hills near the Vaal River, Mrs. Bowker, 650! Bechuanaland ; plains

near Mafeking, Bolus, 6434! Transvaal ; Kudus Poort, near Pretoria, Reimann,

4678! hill-sides near Johannesburg, 5000 ft., Galpin, 1380! Houtbosch, Reh-

mann, 6205! Hooge Veld, at Standerton, Rehmann, 6822! Kalk Spruit, between

the Vaal River and Heidelberg, Schenck! near Little Oliphants River, 5100 ft.,

Schlechter, 3807 ! ae

Eastern Ree@ton; Natal; Roadsides between Mooi River and Estcourt,

3500 ft., Wood, 3485! between Pietermaritaburg and Newcastle, Wilms, 2119!

near Howick, 3500 ft., Schlechter, 6788! Natal, Miss Owen!

28. W. paniculata (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 1-2 ft.

or more high; branches minutely puberulous, more or less flexuose ;

leaves more or less fascicled, linear or linear-oblong, subobtuse,

glabrous or nearly 80, 1:-8 lin, long; spikes ovoid or oblong,

usually dense, laterally arranged on short branchlets and forming

elongated narrow panicles towards the summit of the branches ;

bracts oblong or ovate-oblong, obtuse, nearly glabrous, aes lin.

long ; calyx 3-} lin. long; lateral lobes oblong, obtuse, ciliate ;

the middle lobe very small or often absent ; corolla white (Bowker) ;

* he J

¥ a

128 SELAGINE® (Rolfe). [ Walafrida.

_ tube oblong, } lin. long; lobes elliptie-oblong or rounded, shorter

_ than the tube; fruit ovoid, somewhat compressed, + lin. long.

~ Selago paniculata, Thunb. Prodr. 99, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult.

a 462; Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 745; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx.

—_ 353. 8. choisiana, EH. Meyer, Comm. 268, and in Drege, Zwei

_ Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 62, 219; Walp. Rep. iv. 163 ; Choisy in

_ DC. Prod, xii. 18, 8. amboensis, Rolfe in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr.

v. 272.

Coast Region: Clanwwilliam Div.; at Oliphants River and near Villa

~ Brackfontein, Ecklon S§ Zeyher, 88! 69! Mossel Bay Div.; in the drv channel

4 y 3 3

pf anarm of the Gauritz River, Burchell, 6460!

__Cenrrat Recion: Sutherland Div. ; at the Great Reed River, Burchell,

1865! Beaufort West Div. ; near Rhenoster Kop, 3000 ft., Drege! Graaff Reinet

Div.; near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft., Bolus, 293! Bowker! Colesberg Div.;

Colesberg, Shaw, 50! 51! 52! 55! Albert Div. ; Cooper, 655!

Western Recion : Namaqualand, without precise locality, Wyley !

KaLAnarI Reeion: Griqualand West; between Kuruman and the Vaal

River, Cruikshank, in Bolus Herb., 293! Klipdrift, Barber! Kimberley, Reh-

mann, 3435! and without precise locality, Rehmann, 3430! Vaal River,

Nelson, 164! Orange River Colony ; bed of Umdelu River, Mrs. Bowker, 474!

and without precise locality, Hutton! Bechuanaland; Batlapin Territory,

Holub !

EAsTERN ReeGion: Tembuland; Imvane, Baur, 81 !

Also in Tropical Africa,

A polymorphic and widely-diffused species, if all the above are correctly referred

here.

29. W. geniculata (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 1-12 ft.

high ; branches often more or less spreading, minutely canescent ;

leaves in approximate fascicles, linear, subobtuse, minutely canescent,

1;-8 lin. long ; spikes elongate, often somewhat lax, 1-4 in. long,

often numerous and arranged in lax panicles at the summit of the

branches ; bracts lanceolate-oblong, acute, ciliate at the base, 1 lin.

long; calyx 4% lin. long, pubescent; lateral lobes lanceolate-oblong,

~ acute, ciliate; middle lobe not half as large as the lateral lobes;

corolla purple or sometimes white ; tube oblong, 3—1 lin. long; lobes

broadly oblong, unequal, scarcely half as long as the tube; fruit

ovoid-oblong, { lin. long. Selago geniculata, Linn. fil. Suppl. 284 ;

Thunb. Prodr. 98, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 460; Rolfe in Journ.

Dinn. Soc. xx. 350; not of EH. Meyer or Choisy. S. leptostachya,

Ei. Meyer, Comm. 266, and in Drege, Pflanzengeogr. Documente,

54, 56, 59, 65, 129, 219; Walp. Rep. iv. 161; Choisy in DC. Prod.

xii. 11, excl. var. eckloniana. S. polygaloides, Choisy in DO. Prod.

xii. 11, not of Mém. Selag.

Soutn Arrica: without precise locality, Thunberg! Masson! Thom, 294!

Coast Reaction: Riversdale Div.; near the Gauritz River, Bowie / Mossel

Bay Div.; on dry hills on the east side of the Gauritz River, Burchell, 6441!

Humansdorp Div.; between Melk River and Gamtoos River, Burchell, 4792 !

Uitenhage Div. ; Zwartkops River, among shrubs below 100 ft., Drége! Ecklon!

Zeyher, 497! 1382! Komando Kraal, east of the Sunday River, Zeyher, 862 !

Albany Div. ; Grahamstown, Bolton / MacOwan, 218! and Miss Bowker ! Victorin

East Div.; Alice, Pappe! Queenstown Div.; Shiloh, 3500 ft., Baur, 860!

Zwartkei River, 3500 ft., Bawr, 989! plains near Queenstown, 3500-3600 ft.,

Galpin, 1701!

Walafrida. | SELAGINEX (Rolfe). | 129

CENTRAL RecGion: Prince Albert Div.; near Kendo, 2500-3000 ft., Drége !

Somerset Div.; open ground near Somerset East, Scott-Elliot, 332! Bowker !

and without precise locality, Mrs. Barber, 411! Richmond Diy. ; near Styl Kloof,

4000-5000 ft., Drege ; Graaff Reinet Div.; stony hills near Graaff Reinet, Bolus,

355! Aberdeen Div.; near Camdeboo Mountain, 2000-3000 ft., Drége ; Hanover

Div.; inundated places near the Zeekoe River on the Sneeuwberg Range,

4500-5000 ft., Drége / south side of the Snowy Mountains, Burke ! Colesberg

Div. ; between Plettenbergs Beacon and “ Flat Station,” Burchell, 2749! Coles-

berg, Shaw!

Katanari Region: Orange River Colony, hills and valleys, Mrs. Barber!

According to Mrs. Barber, this is a valuable plant to sheep farmers, and its

colonial name is ‘‘Aasbasjes.””

30. W. polystachya (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, 9 in.

high; branches puberulous ; leaves in approximate fascicles, linear,

subobtuse, nearly glabrous, 1-4 lin. long ; spikes oblong or somewhat

elongated, 1-2 in. long, arranged in a dense corymbose or somewhat

elongated panicle; bracts linear, subobtuse, ciliate at the. base,

1 lin. long ; ealyx 4-3 lin. long; lateral lobes linear-oblong, obtuse,

ciliate ; middle lobe acute, about half as long as the lateral lobes ;

corolla white; tube oblong, % lin. long; lobes elliptie-oblong, not

half as long as the tube; fruit ovoid-oblong, } lin. long.

Coast Region: Komgha Div.; grassy hills near Komgha, 2000 ft.,

Flanaghan, 369!

Katauari Region: Orange River Colony; Liedenbergs Vley, Rehmann !

31. W. minuta (Rolfe); annual, much branched, decumbent,

about 2-3 in. high ; branches puberulous; leaves solitary or some-

what fascicled, petiolate or spathulate with an ovate-oblong limb,

obtuse, glabrous, 3-14 lin. long; spikes capitate, solitary, 3-2 lin.

long; bracts subspathulate-oblong, obtuse, 4 lin. long ; calyx 2 lin.

long ; lateral lobes broadly-oblong, obtuse, ciliate ; middle lobe rather

smaller and more acute; eorolla pale rose (Burchell); tube oblong,

1-8 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, scarcely half as long as the

tube ; fruit ovoid-globose, } lin. long.

CentTRAt Recon: Calvinia Div. ; Hantam Mountains, Meyer /

Katanart Region: Prieska Div.; Ongars River, at ‘ Bushy Station,”

Burchell, 2125!

IV, SELAGO, Linn.

Calye shortly or deeply 5-lobed. Corolla-tube short and broad or

elongated and narrow, always more or less dilated in the throat ;

limb subequally 5-lobed, or somewhat bilabiate; posticous lobes

shorter than the anticous; intermediate anticous lobe usually longer —

than the outer pair. Stamens 4, didynamous, inserted at the base of

the corolla-throat, shortly or much exserted; filaments filiform ;

anthers perfectly l-celled ; staminode usually absent, if present,

small. Ovary 3-eelled; style exserted, slender, obtuse, slightly

thickened or minutely tridentate at the apex. Fruit oblong, ovoid

or subglobose, ineluded within the calyx, often breaking Bg into

VOL. V.

130 SELAGINEX (Rolfe). [ Selago.

cocci ; pericarp crustaceous or indurated, without vaeuoles or spurious

cells. Seeds oblong or rounded,

Shrubs or undershrubs, usually dwarf, much branched and _ heath-like,.some-

times annual herbs, more or less decumbent at the base; leaves solitary or

fascicled, alternate or the lower sometimes opposite or subopposite, often small

and narrow, sometimes broader, oblong, elliptic or spathulate, often entire,

sometimes more or less toothed ; flowers sessile or subsessile, or sometimes more

or less pedicelled, spicate, capitate or panieulate, or frequently with the spikes

or heads disposed in elongated panicles or broad corymbs ; bracts narrow or broad,

often more or less imbricate, sometimes adnate to the pedicels.

Species 112 South African, 2 of whieh extend into Tropical Africa, with

17 endemic species in the latter region, mostly on the hills.

The species with a trilobed calyx, sometimes bilubed by abortion of the middle

lobe, are now referred to Walafrida.

Section 1. Eu-SeLaco. Leaves more or less fascicled ; cal yx campanulate ;

tube usually as long as or nearly as long as the lobes.

_ *Perennials, with more or less woody branehes and

sessile or subsessile flowers, rarely annuals

with the flowers pedicelled :

+F lowers in lax or compact panicles, or in heads

or spikes on short lateral branchlets form-

ing elongated narrow panicles near the

summit of the branches, rarely in simple

spikes or heads :

Individual heads rounded :

Leaves puberulous or hispidulous ;

Inflorescence thyrsoid, not l-sided: |

Calyx 14 lin. long, villous... -. (2) villicalyx.

Calyx 1 lin. long, pubescent ... (2) pachypoda.

Inflorescence invariably 1-sided :

Plant 1 ft. or more high:

Calyx 1-14 lin. long :

Calyx-lobes about as long as the

tube ... wa “i ee

Calyx-lobes about 4 as long as

the tube... bi +» (4) Sandersoni.

Calyx # lin. long:

Corolla-tube 13-1$ lin, long... (5) Barbula.

Corolla-tube 1 lin. long ... ... (6) capitellata.

Plant 6 in. high su ane x (7) Galpinii.

Leaves closely pubescent or velvety:

Leaves oblong... ose tes ... (8) lithospermoides.

(3) Cooperi.

Leaves linear... ove ie .-. (9) Holubii.

Individual heads oblong, somewhat elongated

or lax:

}Panicles ample, or if small, the leaves not

small and rigid:

Branches pubescent or puberulous :

Leaves oblong :

Leaves 2-4 lin. long ae ... (10) Flanaganii.

Leaves 3-7 lin. long... on ... (11) pubescens.

Leaves linear or lanceolate-linear :

Pubescence close, short, and uni-

formly dense... ee ... (12) Schlechteri.

Pubescence soft, lax, or more or less

in decurrent lines ;

Selago. | SELAGINE® (Rolfe).

Leaves lanceolate-linear ...

Leaves linear;

Inflorescence mere or __ less

compact :

Bracts lanceolate or oblong-

lanceolate:

Bracts and _ calyx-lobes

slightly ciliate . ‘

Bracts and caly x-lobes

strongly ciliate or

villous:

Branches pubescent or

puberulous :

Calyx-lobes very un-

equal, broader at

the base.. ‘

Calyx-lobes subequal,

scarcely broader

at the base

Branches villous

Bracts linear or subulate ...

Inflorescence ample, lax :

Panicles somewhat dense;

individual heads globose

or nearly so...

Panicles very lax ; individual

spikes more or less elon-

gated... .

Leaves filiform or nearly so :

Flowers in ample lax panicles :

Bracts and calyx villous

Bracts and calyx pubescent...

Flowers in narrow, usually dense

panicles .

Branches closely and minutely, canes-

cent or rarely glabrous :

Leaves oblong to ovate; corolla-tube

14-2 lin. long:

Leaves tomentose or velvety -

Leaves puberulous, hispidulous or

nearly glabrous :

Leaves 1-4 lin. long:

Leaves oblong; calyx 14 lin.

long -

Leaves _ ovate- oblong ; ; calyx

2 lin. long < “de

Leaves 3-8 lin. long :

Leaves flat —.:

Leaves more or less revolute at

the margins

Leaves linear, or if broader the corolla.

tube stout and rarely 14 lin.

long:

Leaves linear, 2-8 lin. long, rarely

oblong :

Flowers in compact ngage

panicles

Flowers in dense spikes or heads,

which are usually more or less

arranged in panicles ;

Leaves 5-8 lin. long ...

K 2

131

(13) Burehellii.

(14) Forbesii.

(15) canescers.

(16) ramulosa.

(17) villicaulis.

(18) linearis,

(19) Thunbergii.

(20) glabrata.

(21) laxiflora.

(22) tephrodes,

(23) adpressa,

(24) hermannioides,

(25) pinguicula.

(26) ovata.

(27) namaquensis.

(28) robusta.

(29) speciosa.

(30) linearifolia,

132 SELAGINE® (Rolfe).

Leaves 2-4, rarely 6 lin. long :

Heads numerous, arranged

in dense narrow panicles

Heads usually few, arranged

in lux panicles:

Leaves crowded right up

to the inflorescence ...

Leaves small or lax near

the inflorescence ‘

Leaves oblong, 1-2 lin. long, rarely

longer and slender:

Flowers in compact narrow

panicles

Flowers in short or - oblong spikes

ttPanicles small, often reduced to simple

spikes ; leaves small and rigid :

Calyx ? aia long; corolla-tube 3-1 lin.

long

ivadtiien canescent or minutely pu-

berulous :

Leaves not squarrose :

Leaves 1-3 lin. long

Leaves #-14 lin, loug

Leaves squarrose or recurved

Branches pubescent or puberulous with

ferruginous hairs..

Calyx re lin. long ; corolla-tube 1g lin,

long ...

{Flowers in pon. often dense, more or less

corymbose panicles, rarely reduced to

simple spikes or heads ;

} Flowers sessile or subsessile:

Leaves generally oblong, rigid and more

or less spreading :

Calyx pubescent or villous :

Leaves not half as broad as long :

Corolla-tube 23-3 lin. long ws

Corolla-tube 14-2 lin. long:

Leaves strongly hispid or setu-

lose eve rae vis

Leaves minutely hispidulous or

nearly glabrous :

Calyx 1 lin. long; corolla-tube

. 1} lin, long nee

Calyx 14 lin. long; corolla

tube 2 lin. long -

Leaves half as broad as long:

Leaves very villous...

Leaves glabrous

Calyx puberulous :

Leaves uniformly green ; bracts sub-

acute

Leaves minutely black punctate ;

bracts obtuse...

Leaves broad or narrow, but not rigid

(except in short-leaved forms of 57,

8. corymbosa) :

Inflorescence broadly and densely

corymbose or the heads corym-

bosely arranged and usually

narrow :

[ Selago

(31) Saundersie.

(32) Bolusii.

(33) albida.

(34) winutissima,

(35) divaricata.

(36) Burkei.

(37) Zeyheri.

(88) tenuis.

(39) ferruginea.

(40) rigida.

(41) polystachya.

(42) seabrida.

(43) luxurians.

(44) Dregei.

(46) brevifolia

(47) glomerata.

(48) punctata.

Selago. | SELAGINEX (Rolfe).

§Leaves dense, rarely lax and then

broad :

Leaves lanceolate, or oblong, more

or less toothed, rarely linear-

lanceolate or entire and then

more or less elongated :

Corolla-tube 3—4 lin. long

Corolla-tube 14-24 lin. long :

Leaves dense right up to the

inflorescence :

Leaves lanceolate :

Bracts lanceolate ; corolla-

tube 24 lin. long

Bracts _ linear-lanceolate ;

corolla-tube 2. lin.

long:

Leaves linear-lanceolate :

Leaves 3-14 in, long;

bracts linear-oblong .

Leaves 2-8 lin. long;

bracts oblong :

Bracts _ linear-oblong ;

calyx 1-1} lin. long

Bracts broadly oblong ;

calyx 3-1 lin. long

Leaves becoming lax near the

inflorescence sos 1%

Corolla-tube about 1 lin. long:

Bracts lanceolate-linear, not

concave ... ee a

Bracts elliptic-oblong, obtuse,

concave... e ae

Leaves filiform or slender, entire,

rarely linear and very short :

Calyx 4 lin. long; corolla-tube

4-# lin. long — ins

Calyx 1 lin. long; corolla-tube

14-2 lin. long ive ety

§§ Leaves lax, linear or oblong:

Leaves linear cs as pos

Leaves oblong or linear-oblong ...

Inflorescence more or less elongated, or

the heads solitary or broad and long

peduneled :

Heaus long peduncled :

Branches puberulous ; plant about

6 in. high ie As bis

Branches pubescent or villous ;

plant about 1-2 ft. high

Heads sessile or subsessile :

Leaves 4-1} in. long, oblong-

lanceolate or elliptical ot

Leaves 2-6 lin. long, lanceolate or

obloug-lanceolate :

Stems puberulous ; heads often

rather lax

Stems pubescent ; heads

dense :

Heads not solitary...

Heads solitary ... ‘ie

Leaves 3-6 lin. long, linear

oon

usually

133

(49) longituba.

(50) Wilmsii.

(51) natalensis.

(52) aggregata,

(53) Nelsoni.

(54) foliosa,

(55) transvaalensis.

(56) hyssopifolia.

(57) corymbosa,

(58) stricta.

59) Woodii.

60) monticola.

(61) compacta.

(62) villosa.

(63) elata.

(64) lydenbergensis.

(65) Atherstonei.

(66) Muddii.

(67) Bebmanni,

134 SELAGINEE (Rolfe).

{{Flowers distinctly (sometimes long) pedi-

celled; bracts adnate to the pedicels :

Corolla-tube 2 lin. long or under :

Braets broad or subobtuse :

Corolla-tube 1 lin, long :

Braets suborbicular-ovate ...

Bracts elliptic-oblong

Corolla-tube 13 lin. long:

Leaves more or less dentate

Leaves entire .

Bracts narrow or subacute :

Leaves entire :

Calyx-lobes broadly linear, often

nearly as Jong as the bracts ...

Calyx-lobes narrowly linear, often

not half as long as the bracts .

Leaves strongly dentate

Corolla-tube 3-3 lin. long

tt+Flowers in solitary nodding heads

** Annuals with sessile flowers:

Branches erect or only decumbent at the

base :

‘Flowers in broad or oblong heads :

Leaves entire, linear ids a ee

Leaves more or less toothed, lanceolate to

spathulate:

Leaves coriaceous a

Leaves herbaceous :

Leaves all more or less spathulate

Upper leaves all lanceolate or narrow ;

Calyx 13 lin. long ... ast

Calyx $3 lin. long... se i

Flowers in narrow spikes :

Plant strongly pubescent ...

Plant puberulous is ts é

Branches invariably wesk and decumbent :

Leaves broadly spathulate, toothed ...

Leaves narrowly spathnlate, subentire —...

eee

Section 2. Spuria. Leaves not fascicled, generally more or less toothed,

never heath-like ; calyx-lobes invariably elongated and narrow, often more than

twice as long as the tube.

Branches erect or suberect; spikes or heads

numerous :

Inflorescence ample and loosely corymbose_...

Inflorescence compactly or densely corymbose :

Leaves obovate or elliptic-oblong :

Stems and leaves glabrous ... ‘: ‘aa

Stems and leaves pubescent <i ere

Leaves lanceolate or linear :

Cerolla-tube 2-4 lin. long :

Leaves lanceolate, never turning black

in drying... ee iss vias

Leaves linear or lanceolate-linear, in-

variably turning black in drying ...

Corolla-tube 14 lin. long ... wine is

Branches more or less decumbent at the base;

spikes or heads usually few or solitary :

Calyx 1 lin. long, glabrous or nearly so

Calyx 14-14 lin. long:

| Selago.

(68) peduncularis.

(69) lepidioides,

(70) Rustii.

(71) Tysoni.

(72) trinervia.

(73) racemosa,

(74) longipedicellata.

(75) longiflora.

(76) nutans.

(77) elegans.

(78) heterophylla.

(79) herbacea.

(80) cephalophora.

(81) phyllopodioides.

(82) hirta.

(83) hamulosa.

(84) decumbens.

(85) corrigioloides.

(86) verbenaeea.

(87) serrata.

(88) quadrangularis,

(89) Burmanni.

(90) spuria.

(91) guttata.

(92) ineisa.

Selago. | SELAGINEX (Rolfe). 135

Calyx-loves 3 to 4 times as long as the

tube ee ve vs a ... (98) ascendens,

Calyx-lobes about twice-as long as the tube (94) humilis.

Section 3. Ertcomipea. Leaves not fascicled, entire, heath-like; calyx cam-

panulate; tube usually as long as or nearly as long as the lobes.

*F lowers in ovoid or ellipsoid, often very numerous heads :

Branches more or less divaricate :

Plant tall; ultimate branchlets 4-12 in.

long ... ie me oe ne ... (95) Mundii.

Plant rather dwarf; ultimate branchlets

3-2 in. long:

Spikes Jax; leaves spreading from the

base ©... one abe va ... (96) diffusa,

Spikes dense; leaves not spreading from

the base :

Corolla-tube 2-3 lin. long:

Spikes 5-6 lin. broad ae ... (97) fruticosa.

Spikes 3—4 lin. broad :

Calyx 14 lin. long; leaves not re-

flexed at the apex... ie

Calyx 1 lin. long; leaves mostly

reflexed at the apex ... ... (99) fruticulosa.

Corolla-tube 1-1} lin. long:

(98) diosmoiies.

Leaves linear, closely imbricate —_... (100) ramosissima,

Leaves linear, somewhat imbricate ... (101) Morrisii.

Branches erect or suberect ... oon ... (102) lamprocarpa,

**F lowers in oblong or somewhat elongated, some-

times narrow spikes; branches more or less

erect :

Spikes about 3 lin. broad ve ees ... (103) triquetra.

Spikes 4-6 lin. broad :

Leaves rather lax... we oss ... (104) nigrescens.

Leaves dense :

Leaves densely cinereous canescent ... (105) aspera.

Leaves hispidulous, hispid or nearly

glabrous :

Corolla-tube 2 lin. or more long :

Calyx puberulous... ist ... (106) Thomii.

Calyx villous :

Calyx loosely villous, the hairs not

tulvous +

Leaves suberect :

Bracts slightly ciliate .-. (107) elata.

Braets strongly ciliate ... (108) spinea.

Leaves spreading or recurved ... (109) eckloniana.

Calyx densely villous, the hairs

fulvous, at least when dried :

Leaves suberect or spreading, not

recurved, glabrous or somewhat :

hispid... in es ... (110) glutinosa.

Leaves spreading or recurved, ne

strongly hispid _.... ... (111) bispida.

‘Corolla-tube J} lin. long yh ... (112) ecurvifolia.

1. 8. villicalyx (Rolfe); perennial, branched chiefly at the base,

about 6-12 in. high; branches puberulous; leaves in approximate

fascicles, crowded, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, subobtuse, pube-

rulous, 4-9 lin, long ; heads roundish, dense, usually numerous and

136 SELAGINES (Rolfe). [Selayo.

aggregated into small compact panicles at the summit of the branches ;

bracts lanceolate-oblong, subacute, villous, strongly ciliate, 13—2 lin.

long ; calyx 12 lin. long, villous; lobes oblong, subobtuse, strongly

ciliate, unequal, about as long as the tube ; corolla pink (Wood) ;

tube linear-oblong, 21-22 lin. long; lobes broadly-oblong, scarcely

half as long as the ‘tube.

Eastern ReGion: Natal; near Kar Kloof, 3000-4000 ft., Wood, 4453!

Kar Kloof, Rehmann, 7394! between Kar Kloof and the Umgeni River, Reh-

mann, 7427! and without precise locality, Sutherland ! ’

2. 8. pachypoda (Rolfe) ; perennial, branched chiefly at the woody

sometimes thickened base, 1-1 ft. high; branches minutely puberu-

lous; leaves in approximate fascicles, linear or lanceolate-linear,

subacute, minutely puberulous, 3-9 lin. long ; heads roundish, dense,

often numerous and arranged in small compact thyrsoid panicles at

the summit of the branches; bracts lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse,

ciliate, 13-1 lin. long; calyx 1 lin. long, pubescent ; lobes oblong,

subobtuse, strongly ciliate, unequal, nearly as long as the tube; corolla

lilae (Wood) or dark blue (Tyson) ; tube linear-oblong, 123-2 lin.

long ; lobes broadly oblong, unequal, nearly half as long as the tube ;

fruit ovoid-oblong, 1 lin. long,

EastERN RxEGIon: Tembuland; Bazeia Mountain, 4000 ft., Baur, 610!

Pondoland; Faku’s Territory, Sutherland ! Griqualand East ; summit of Ingeli

Mountains, 6C00 ft., Tyson, 1237! 1824! Tyson in MacOwan and Bolus, Herb.

Norm, Aust.-Afr., 1842! sides of the Zuurberg Range, 3500 ft., Tyson, 1713!

Natal; near the summit of Amawahqua Mountain, 6800 ft., Wood, 4575! among

stones near Curries Post, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 6807 !

3. 8. Cooperi (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, 11-2 ft. high;

branches minutely puberulous ; leaves more or less fascicled, usually

lax, narrowly lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acute, minutely

puberulous, 4-9 lin. long ; heads roundish, small, numerous, aggre-

gated into a compact narrow one-sided panicle ; bracts lanceolate or

lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, puberulous, ciliate, 12-21 lin. long;

calyx 1-12 lin. long, villous ; lobes oblong, obtuse, ciliate, about as

long as the tube ; corolla-tube linear-oblong, 13-2 lin. long; lobes

broadly oblong, unequal, about a third as long as the tube.

a Region: Albert Diy.; without precise locality, Cooper, 602!

Eastern Reeion: Pondoland; Faku’s Territory, Sutherland ! Natal ; on the

Rovelo hills, at 70.0 ft., Sutherland !

4. 8. Sandersoni (Rolfe) ; perennial, branched chiefly towards

the base, 1-11 ft. or more high; branches puberulous; leaves in

approximate fascicles, linear, subobtuse, puberulous, 3-7 lin, long;

heads roundish, 3-4 lin. long, numerous, and arranged in a narrow or

somewhat thyrsoid panicle towards the summit of the branches ;

bracts oblong or lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, ciliate, 11-12 lin. long;

calyx 1 lin. long, villous; lobes oblong, subobtuse, about athird as

Selago.| SELAGINE (Rolfe). 137

long as the tube ; corolla mauve (Evans); tube oblong, 1-12 lin.

long ; lobes broadly oblong, unequal, about half as long as the tube.

KataHari Reaion: Basutoland; without precise locality, Cooper, 3011!

Transvaal, Sanderson !

EASTERN REGION: Natal; below Mont-aux-Sources, 7000-8000 ft., Evans,

755! and without precise locality, Sanderson, 185! in Dublin Herbarium, but

is probably from the Transvaal.

5. S. Barbula (Harv.); perennial, more or less branched towards

the base, 1-2 ft. high (Gerrard); branches puberulous ; leaves

more or less fascicled, linear-lanceolate, subobtuse, puberulous,

3-5 lin. long; heads roundish, small, numerous, arranged on short

lateral branchlets and forming long and narrow one-sided panicles

towards the summit of the branches; bracts oblong, subobtuse,

concave, somewhat ciliate, 1 lin. long; calyx 8 lin, long, puberulous ;

lobes oblong, obtuse, strongly ciliate or barbate, nearly as long as the

tube ; corolla deep blue (Gerrard); tube linear-oblong, 13-14 lin,

Jong ; lobes broadly oblong, about a third as long as the tube.

KALAHARI ReGion: Transvaal; Ingoma Hill, in the Vryheid district,

Gerrard, 1241! :

6. 8. capitellata (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 345) ; perennial,

much branched, 1-1} ft. high; branches minutely puberulous;

leaves more or less faseicled, sometimes crowded, linear, subacute,

minutely puberulous, 3-8 lin. long; heads roundish, small, numerous,

and arranged in a narrow more or less compact panicle towards the

summit of the branches; bracts lanceolate or oblong, subobtuse,

1 lin. long; calyx 2 lin. long ; lobes oblong, obtuse, strongly ciliate ;

corolla blue (Galpin); tube oblong, 1 lin. long; lobes broadly

oblong, unequal, more than half as long as the tube.

Katanari Reeron: Transvaal; hill-sides at Johannesburg, £090 ft., Ga/pin,

1398! Lydenburg district, near Paarde Plaats, Wilms, 1171! 1172 ! :

Eastern Recon: Natal; Imbazami River, Nelson, 15! and without precise

locality, Wood, 3905! Mrs. Saunders, 159!

7. S. Galpinii (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 281) ; perennial,

branched chiefly at the woody base, about 6 in. high; branches,

puberulous; leaves numerous, somewhat fascicled, linear, subacute,

minutely puberulous, 4-6 lin. long; heads globose, dense, numerous

and arranged in compact narrow panicles at the summit of the

branches; bracts oblong-lanceolate, subsbtuse, concave, ciliate,

12 lin. long; calyx 1 lin. long, villous; lobes oblong, subobtuse,

about as long as the tube; corolla purple (Galpin) ; tube linear.

oblong, 12 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, unequal, about half as long

as the tube,

Coast Reon: Queenstown Div. ; summit of Hangklip Mountain, 6600 ft.,

Galpin, 1508! ; : :

Kananans ReGion: Orange River Colony, without precise locality, Thomas !

138 SELAGINE& (Rolfe). [Selago.

8. S. lithospermoides (Rolfe); perennial, more er less branched,

3 ft. or more high; branches pubescent; leaves more or less

fascicled, oblong, subobtuse, closely pubescent or velvety, 21—4 lin.

jong; bracts oblong, subobtuse, pubescent, 14-2 lin. long; calyx

1 lin. long, pubescent; lobes oblong, subobtuse, strongly ciliate,

shorter than the tube; corolla-tube oblong, 1 lin. long; lobes

broadly oblong, nearly as long as the tube.

EasteRN ReGion: Natal; in the Rovelo hills at 7000 ft., Sutherland !

9. 8. Holubii (Rolfe in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 271); perennial,

much branched, 3-14 ft. high ; branches closely puberulous or

nearly tomentose ; leaves more or less fascicled, sometimes crowded,

linear or oblong-linear, subobtuse, closely pubescent or velvety,

2-5 lin. long; heads roundish or short, numerous, racemosely

disposed on shert lateral branchlets near the summit of the branches ;

bracts oblong, obtuse, hispidulous, 11-11 lin. long; calyx 1 lin.

long, puberulous ; lobes linear, subobtuse, ciliate, longer than the

tube ; corolla-tube oblong, 1% lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, a

quarter as long as the tube ; fruit broadly oveid-globose, somewhat

compressed, 3—3 lin. long.

Coast Recion: Albany Div.; Grahams Town, without collector! (the

correctness of this record seems open to question. It is not improbable that it

may have been collected by Burke in the 'l'ransvaal).

Karanari Reaion: Bechuanaland; Barolong Territery, Holub! Batlapin

Territory, Holwb !

Also in Tropical Africa.

10. S. Flanaganii (Rolfe); perennial, branched chiefly towards the

base, 1 ft. or more high ; branches pubescent; leaves in approximate

fascicles, oblong or linear-oblong, subobtuse, pubescent, 2—4 lin. long ;

spikes oblong, numerous, aggregated into a thyrsoid panicle at the

summit of the branches; bracts oblong-lanceolate, subobtuse, pubes-

cent, 2 lin. long; calyx 1 lin. long, pubescent ; lobes oblong, sub-

acute, ciliate, about as long as the tube; corolla blue (Flanagan) ;

tube linear-oblong, 2}~3 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, unequal,

about a third as long as the tube.

Katanari Rectox: Orange River Colony; summit of Mont-aux-Sources, at

9500 ft., Flanagan, 2108!

11. §. pubescens (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 1 ft. or more

high; branches softly pubescent ; leaves in approximate fascicles,

oblong-lanceolate, subobtuse, pubescent, 3-7 lin. long ; heads short or

‘somewhat elongated, forming narrow, somewhat lax panicles near the

apex of the branches; bracts elliptic-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate,

subacute, strongly ciliate; calyx $-1 lin, long; lobes unequal,

Strongly ciliate, longer than the tube; corolla-tube oblong, 1} lin.

long ; lobes unequal, nearly as long as the tube.

Coast Recion: George Div. ; Woodville, 860 ft., Galpin, 4401!

“Selago.| SELAGINE® (Rolfe). 139

12. S. Schlechteri (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, 1 ft. or

more high; branches densely puberulous; leaves more or less

fascicled, linear or lanceolate-lincar, subobtuse, minutely puberu-

lous, 3-8 lin. long; flowers mostly aggregated in small compact

thyrsoid panicles at the ends of the branches; bracts linear,

subacute, incurved, villous, 13 lin. long; calyx } lin. long; lobes

oblong, subobtuse, strongly ciliate, longer than the tube ; corolla-

tube oblong, 1 lin. long; lobes broad!y oblong, unequal, about half

as long as the tube; fruit ovoid, $ lin, long.

EasteERN Rea@ion: Natal; among stones near Curries Post, 5000 ft.,

Schlechter, 6810!

13. S. Burchellii (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, 2-3 ft.

high (Burchell) ; branches pubescent, chiefly in decurrent lines from

the leaf-bases; leaves more or less fascicled, sometimes crowded,

lanceolate-linear, subacute, minutely puberulous, 3-5 lin. long ; heads

roundish, small, numerous and aggregated into compact narrow

panicles at the summit of the branches; bracts lanceolate-oblong,

subobtuse, slightly ciliate, 1-11 lin. long; calyx 4 lin. long ; lobes

triangular-oblong, subacute, ciliate, longer than the tube; corolla

purple (Burchell) ; tube oblong, 3 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong,

unequal, nearly as long as the tube.

Coast Reeion: George Div.; between Touw River and Kaymans River,

Burchell, 5775! near George, Burchell, 5997 !

14. S. Forbesii (Ro!fe) ; perennial, much branched, 1} ft. or more

high; branches puberulous, or sometimes pubescent in decurrent lines

from the leaf-bases; leaves in approximate fascicles, crowded, linear,

subobtuse, hispidulous, 2-4 lin. long ; flowers arranged in compact or

dense thyrsoid panicles at the summit of the branches; bracts

lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, slightly ciliate at the base, 1-11 lin.

long ; calyx 1 lin. long; lobes oblong, subobtuse, slightly ciliate,

nearly as long as the tube, corolla-tube oblong, 1-1} lm. long;

lobes broadly oblong, more than half as long as the tube.

Coast Recron: Uitenhage Div.; Algoa Bay, Forbes! Port Elizabeth Div. ;

Cape Recife, Burchell, 4383 !

15. S. canescens (Linn. fil. Suppl. 284); perennial, much

branched, 1-12 ft. high; branches puberuluus or pubescent ; leaves in

approximate fascicles, linear, subobtuse, puberulous, 2-3 lin, long ;

flowers arranged in compact or somewhat lax thyrsoid panicles at the

summit of the branches; bracts lanceolate or lanceolate-oblong,

subobtuse, strongly ciliate at the base, 1-1} lin. long; calyx ¢ lin.

long; lobes broadly oblong, subobtuse, strongly ciliate, _unequal,

nearly as long as the tube; corolla-tube oblong, 1-1; lin. long ;

lobes broadly oblong, unequal, nearly as long as the tube. Thunb.

Prodr. 98, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 460; Rolfe in Journ. Linn, Soc.

xx, 349 (not of E. Meyer and Choisy).

140 SELAGINEZ (Rolfe). [Selago.

SoutuH Arrica: without precise locality, Thunberg !

Coast Reeion: Swellendam Div.; Grootvaders Bosch Mountains, Bowie !

Port Elizabeth Div.; near Port Elizabeth, Holub/ at 1100 ft., West in Mac

Owan, Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1939 !

This species has been much confused, and most of the specimens referred to

S. canescens, Linn. fil., by authors belong to n. 33, 8. albida, Choisy.

16. 8. ramulosa (E. Meyer, Comm. 265, not of Link); perennial,

much branched, 1-2 ft. or (ex Burchell) up to 5 ft. high; branches

puberulous or pubescent ; leaves in approximate fascicles, linear, sub-

obtuse, minutely puberulous or hispidulous, 3-5 lin. long; flowers

arranged in compact or somewhat lax panicles at the end of the

branches, bracts oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, strongly ciliate at the base,

1-1} lin. long; calyx nearly 3 lin. long ; lobes very unequal, vblong,

broader at the base, subobtuse, strongly ciliate, shorter than the

tube ; corolla lilac (Galpin) ; tube oblong, 1 lin. long ; lobes broadly

oblong, unequal, about as long as the tube. HE. Meyer in Drége,

Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 120, 219; Walp. Rep. iv. 160. S.

Meyert, Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 8.

Coast Reeton: Swellendam Dir, ; near Karmelks River, below 1090 ft.,

Drege! George Div.; near Woodville, 709 ft., Tyson in MacOwan and Bolus,

Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 984! Humansdorp Div. ; hill-sides at Humansdorp,

300 ft., Galpin, 4402!

S. ramulosa, Link, remains altogether doubtful. See note at the end of the

genus,

17. §. villicaulis (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 12 ft. or

more high ; branches villous ; leaves in approximate fascicles, linear,

subobtuse, puberulous, 3-5 lin. long ; flowers in a compact thyrsoid

or narrow panicle at the summit of the branches ; bracts oblong-

lanceolate, subacute, villous, 13-14 lin. long; calyx 2 lin. long,

villous ; lobes oblong, subacute, nearly as long as the tube; corolla-

tube oblong, 1} lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, unequal, nearly as

long as the tube.

Coast Region: Knysna Div.; near the Gowkamma River, Burchell, 5598!

Knysna, Pappe !

18. S. linearis (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 1 ft. or more

high ; branches puberulous; leaves in approximate fascicles, linear,

subobtuse, puberulous or hispidulous, 2-3 lin, long ; spikes short,

terminal ; bracts linear or subulate, subobtuse, hispidulous or nearly

glabrous, 1} lin. long; calyx % lin. long; lobes oblong, subobtuse,

ciliate, about as long as the tube; corolla-tube oblong, 1 lin. long ;

lobes broadiy oblong, unequal, rather shorter than the tube.

he ag Reeton: Uniondale Div.; Long Kloof, near Ongelegen, Bolus,

This specimen is in poor condition.

19. S. Thuabergii (Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 9); perennial, much

branched, 1-2 ft. or more high; branches puberulous; leaves

Selago. | SELAGINER (Rolfe). 141

in approximate fascicles, linear, subobtuse, puberulous, 3-4 lin. long ;

flowers in small heads arranged in ample rather dense elongated

panicles towards the summit of the branches; bracts lanceolate-

oblong, subobtuse, ciliate, 1-11 lin. long; calyx 4 lin. long; lobes

oblong, subobtuse, ciliate, about half as long as the tube ; corolla-tube

8_] lin, long; lobes broadly oblong, unequal, nearly as long as the

tube. S. glabrata, var. B, Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genév. ii. ii.

105, exel. syn., and in Mém., Selag. 35. 8. tephrodes, Drége, in

Linnea, xx. 202 (not of E. Meyer).

Sourn Arrica: without precise locality, Thom! and cultivated specimens !

Coast Recion : Caledon Div. ; Zwarteberg, near the hot springs, 1000-2000 ft.,

Zeyher, 3574! between Bot River and the Zwart Berg, Ecklon SX Zeyher!

Swellendam Div.; Grootvaders Bosch, Bowie! George Div.; Onteviqua Moun-

tains, Mund § Maire, 155! Knysna Div.; Plettenberg Bay, Bowie!

20. S. glabrata (Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genév. ii. ii. 104%

excl. syn. and var. 8) ; perennial, much branched, 1-1} ft. or more

high ; branches puberulous; leaves in approximate fascicles, linear,

subobtuse, nearly glabrous, revolute at the margin, 2-4 lin, long ;

flowers in elongated lax spikes arranged in a narrow lax panicle towards

the summit of the branches ; bracts linear, subacute, nearly glabrous,

1 lin. long; calyx 2 lin. long, nearly glabrous ; lobes oblong, sub-

obtuse, glabrous or slightly ciliate, about as long as the tube ;

corolla-tube oblong, 1-14 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, unequal,

about half as long as the tube; fruit ovoid-globose, 3—-+ lin, long.

Choisy in Mém. Selag. 34, excl. syn. and var. B; Walp. Ann. iv. 166,

partly ; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 9 partly ; Hochst. in Flora, 1845,

69; Krauss, Fl. Cap. und Natal. 133.

SoutH AFRICA: without precise locality, Bowie !

Coast Region: Caledon Div.; at Caledon, dlevander! Swellendam Div. ;

in Grootvaders Bosch, Cape Herb.! Riversdale Div. ; near Zoetemelks River,

Burchell, 6636! Ausvogel Berz, Zeyher (ew Choisy) ; foot of Aasvogel Berg,

Krauss, 1099. Uitenhage Div. ; uear * Kreg,” Zeyher (ex Choisy). :

‘This species has been much confused, and it is not absolutely certain what the

original was. The variety B was afterwards referred to the preceding species by

the author himself.

91. §. laxiflora (Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 8); perennial, much

branched, 1 ft. or more high ; branches puberulous or pubescent ;

-jeaves in approximate fascicles, filiform or linear, — subobtuse,

puberulous, 2-3 lin. long; flowers arranged in lax panicles at the

summit of the branches; bracts ovate-elliptic, acute or apiculate,

villous, 14 lin. long; calyx $ lin. long, villous ; teeth oblong, obtuse,

about half as long as the tube; corolla-tube oblong, 1 lin. long ;

lobes oblong, unequal, about as long as the tube. S. geniculata,

Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genev. ii. ii. 102, excl. var. B (ex

Choisy). 3

Sourn AFRICA: without precise locality, Lambert (ex Choisy), Zeyher

4 1 Nelson! ; i ;

Wve ebaion Clanwilliam Div.; Brak Fontein, near Olifants River,

Zeylier, 26!

142 SELAGINE® (Rolfe). [ Selago.

22. S. tephrodes (KE. Meyer, Comm. 264, partly); perennial,

much branched, $—1} ft. high ; branches canescent or puberulous ;

leaves in approximate fascicles, filiform or linear, subobtuse,

puberulous, 2—5 lin, long; flowers numerous, arranged in ample lax,

or rarely smaller and more compact panicles towards the end of the

branches ; bracts ovate-oblong, subobtuse, pubescent, 11—12 lin. long,

adnate at the base to the short pedicel ; calyx 8 lin. long, pubescent ;

teeth oblong, subobtuse, a third as long as the tube ; corolla-tube oblong,

14-1} lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, more than half as long as the

tube. H. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 97, 219,

letter a@ only ; Walp. Rep. iv. 159, partly; Rolfe in Journ. Linn.

Soc. xx. 349, partly. 8S. stricta, Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 8, partly

(not of Berg.).

Soutn Arrica: without precise locality, Masson! Alewander !

Coast Region: Malmesbury Div.; on stony hills near Malmesbury, 600 ft.,

Bolus, 4318! Paarl Div.; near Paarl, 500-1000 ft., Drége! among stones on

Paarl Mountains, 700 ft., Bolus, 2889! MacOwan ¥ Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-

Afr., 847! sandy plains at Paarl, Niven, 79! Caledon Div. ; between Bot River,

and Caledon, Cape Herb.!

S. stricta, Hochst in Flora, 1845, 68, and Krauss, Fl. Cap. und Natal. 132,

from Coast REGion: Cape Div.; sides of Tyger Berg, Krauss, 1089, may

belong here, but 1 have not seenit. The species has been much confused.

23. S. adpressa (Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genév. ii. ii. 103,

t. 4) ; perennial, much branched, 1-1} ft. high ; branches minutely

puberulous; leaves in approximate fascicles, spreading, linear, subs

obtuse, minutely puberulous, 11-2 lin. long; heads roundish, sub-

sessile, or on short lateral branchlets, forming a compact narrow panicle

at the summit of the branches ; braets oblong-laneeolate, acute, pube-

rulous and ciliate, 14-1} lin. long; calyx 1 lin. long, villous; lobes

oblong, subobtuse, ciliate, nearly as long as the tube; corolla-tube

oblong, 1-1}; lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, unequal, half as long as

the tube. Choisy, Mém. Selag. 33, t.4; Walp. Rep.iv. 161; Chwisy

in DC. Prod. xii. 8; Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 69; Krauss in Fl. Cap.

und Natal. 133; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 349, in note. 8.

tephrodes, E. Meyer, Comm. 264, partly, and in Drege, Zwei

Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 87, 219, letter b only.

Soutn AFRICA: without precise locality, Thunberg ! Niven! Nelson! Mund!

Verreauz ! Miss Cole!

Coast Recion: Malmesbury Div. ; Mooresbury, Bachmann, 725! Ca

Div. ; Signal Hill, behind Sea Point, Cape Peninsula, Wolley Dod, 3529! sides

of Tyger Berg, Krauss, 1108, Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountains, 1509-2000 ft.,

Drége! Paarl, Alexander! ‘\ulbagh Div. ; Winterhoeks Berg, 900 ft., Bolus, 5216 !

Pappe! Worcester Div.; hills near Worcester, Cape Herd. ! Stellenbosch Div. ;

near Somerset West, Ecklon & Zeyher! Stellenbosch, Harvey !

24. §. hermannioides (E. Meyer, Comm. 267); perennial, mueh

branched, 1 ft. or more high; branches canescent or minutely

puberulous ; leaves solitary or somewhat fascicled, linear-oblong,

subobtuse, tomentose or velvety, 3-6 lin. long; flowers arranged in

Selago.| | SELAGINE® (Rolfe). 143.

small compact thyrsoid panicles at the summit of the branches ;.

bracts elliptic-oblong, subobtuse, concave, villous, 1-2 lin. long;

calyx 1 lin. long, villous; lobes triangular-oblong, obtuse, unequal,

about as long as the tube; corolla-tube oblong, 2 lin. long ; lobes

broadly oblong, unequal, about half as long as the tube. KH. Meyer

in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 95, 219 ; Walp. Rep. iv.

162; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 16.

Sourn AFRica: without precise locality, Massow! :

a ReGion: Little Namaqualand; near Uitkomst, 2000-2500: ft.,

rege .

25. 8. pinguicula (E. Meyer, Comm. 255); perennial, much

branched, up to 6 in. or more high; branches sparsely puberulous ;

leaves fascicled, oblong-linear, obtuse, somewhat thickened, minutely

puberulous or hispidulous, 3-4 lin. long ; spikes oblong, short;

bracts ovate-oblong, subobtuse, somewhat thickened, hispidulous,

2 lin. long; calyx 11 lin. long, somewhat villous ; lobes oblong,

obtuse, strongly ciliate, longer than the tube; fruit ovoid-globose,

lin. long. Walp. Rep. iv. 151; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 12.

SoutH AFRICA: without precise locality, Drege !

I have only seen fruiting specimens of this species.

26. S. ovata (Rolfe); perennial, branched chiefly at the base, 1 ft.

er more high; branches minutely canescent or puberulous ; leaves

solitary or fascicled, ovate-oblong, minutely eanescent or hispidulous,

1-2 lin. long; spikes oblong, 3-1} lin. long, mostly terminal ; bracts

evate-oblong, subobtuse, concave, somewhat thickened, ciliate near

the base, 2-3 lin. long ; calyx 2 lin. long; lobes oblong, obtuse, ciliate,

about a third as long as the tube ; corolla-tube oblong, 2 lin. long; lobes

broadly oblong, nearly half as long as the tube.

CentRaL Ree@ion : Calvinia Div. 5 Hantam Mountains, Meyer !

27. §. namaquensis (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 189);

perennial, much branched, 6-8 in. or more high ; branches minutely

puberulous ; leaves generally more or less fascicled, lanceolate-oblong,

subobtuse, minutely puberulous, 3-7 lin. long; spikes oblong,

numerous, forming compact narrow panicles at the summit of the

branches; bracts elliptie-oblong, subobtuse, minutely puberulous,,

ciliate at the base, 12-14 lin. long; calyx 1 lin. long, puberulous ;

lobes oblong, subobtuse, strongly ciliate, unequal, about as long as

the tube; corolla-tube oblong, 13 lin. long ; lobes broadly oblong,

unequal, about half as long as the tube.

Western Recion : Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; Karee Bergen, 1200 ft., Schlechter,

8179!

98. §. robusta (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, 3 ft. high

(Burchell) ; branches stout, closely and minutely puberulous ; leaves

144 SELAGINEE (Rolfe). [ Selugo.

rore or less fascicled, linear, obtuse, revolute at the margin, glabrous,

9-8 lin. long ; spikes roundish or oblong, dense, }—1 in. long, solitary

or rarely subpaniculate by the addition of a few spikelets on short

lateral branches ; bracts oblong or ovate-oblong, obtuse, glabrous,

slightly ciliate near the base, 2 lin. Jong; calyx 1} lin. long, slightly

pubescent ; lobes triangular-oblong, subacute, ciliate, unequal, rather

longer than the tube; corolla white (Burchell) ; tube oblong, 2 lin.

long; lobes broadly oblong, subequal, scarcely a third as long as the

tube ; fruit ovoid-oblong, 14 lin. long.

CentraL Recion: Fraserburg Div.; at the Zak River, Burchell, 1513!

29. S. speciosa (Rolfe) ; perennial, stout, much branched, 1-1} ft.

high (Bowker) ; branches minutely canescent ; leaves in approximate

fascicles, linear, subacute, revolute at the margin, minutely canes-

cent, 2-6 lin. long; spikes short, usually arranged in a small compact

thyrsoid panicle at the summit of the branches; bracts oblong or

ovate-oblong, obtuse, minutely ciliate at the base, 1-1} lin. long;

calyx campanulate, 1 lin. long ; lobes oblong, obtuse, ciliate, nearly

as long as the tube; corolla white; tube cblong, 15-14 lin. long ;

lobes broadly oblong, subequal, scarcely half as long as the tube.

Coast REGIon: Queenstown Div. : on hill-sides on the flats of the Zwart Kei

River, Mrs. Bowker, 312! Finchams Nek, 3900 ft., Galpin, 1936!

80. S. linearifolia (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, 1 ft. or

more high ; branches eanescent or puberulous; leaves in approxi-

mate fascicles, linear, subobtuse, puberulous, 5-8 lin. long; flowers

arranged in small compact thyrsoid panicles at the summit of

the branches; bracts oblong-lanceolate, subobtuse, puberulous,

2 lin. long; calyx 1 lin. long, puberulous; lobes oblong, subobtuse,

unequal, ciliate, twice as long as the tube; corolla-tube oblong,

2 lin. ein lobes broadly oblong, unequal, scarcely half as long as

the tube.

Coast Reeion : Clanwilliam Div. ; Bull Hoek, 600 ft., Schlechter, 8379!

31. 8. Saundersie (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 1 ft. or

more high; branches canescent or minutely puberulous ; leaves in

approximate fascicles, linear or oblong-linear, subobtuse, canescent or

minutely puberulous, 2-5 lin. long; heads rounded, numerous, small,

aggregated into compact narrow panicles towards the summit of the

branches; bracts oblong-lanceolate, subacute, 1-1} lin. long; calyx

& lin. long, puberulous ; lobes broadly triangular-oblong, subacute,

ciliate, unequal, about as long as the tube; corolla-tube oblong, 1 lin.

long ; lobes broadly oblong, unequal, rather shorter than the tube;

fruit ovoid, 4 lin. long. :

EASTERN REGION: without precise locality, Mrs. Saunders, 68! (in Wood

Flerb. 3882) !

Selago. | SELAGINER (Rolfe). 145

32. S. Bolusii (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, 1-1} ft. high ;

branches minutely canescent ; leaves in approximate fascicles, linear,

subobtuse, nearly glabrous, 2~3 lin. long; spikes roundish or oblong,

3-4 lin. long, solitary or arranged in small panicles at the end of the

branches ; bracts linear-oblong, subobtuse, nearly glabrous, 1—1} lin.

long; calyx * lin. long, pubescent; lobes broadly-oblong, obtuse,

strongly ciliate, subequal, much longer than the tube ; corolla white ;

tube oblong, 14 lin. long ; lobes elliptic-oblong, unequal, shorter than

the tube ; fruit ovoid-oblong, * lin. long. 9. distans, Lindl. in Bot.

Reg. 1845, t. 46 (not of E. Meyer).

Crentrat Re@ion: Graaff Reinet Div.; at the summit of mountains near

Graaff Reinet, 4300 ft., Bolus, 695!

Mr. Bolus notes that in other localities the plant occurs up to an altitude of

$3. S. albida (Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 18); perennial, much

branched, 1-2 ft, or up to 4 or 5 ft. (Cooper) high; branches

minutely canescent ; leaves in approximate fascicles, linear or oblong-

linear, subobtuse, more or less canescent or minutely scaberulous,

2-5 lin. long; spikes roundish or oblong, often numerous and

arranged in a more or less elongated panicle at the summit of the

branches; bracts linear, subobtuse, pubescent, 1-1} lin. long ; calyx

8—1 lin. long, pubescent or villous ; lobes oblong, subobtuse, rather

longer than the tube; corolla blue or white ; tube oblong, 3-14 lin.

long; lobes broadly oblong, unequal, about 2 as long as the tube ;

fruit ovoid-oblong, 2-14 lin. long. S. fruticosa, Thunb. Prodr, 98,

and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 460, not of Linn. ; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soe.

xx. 355. S. canescens, E. Meyer, Comm. 265, and in Drége, Zwei

Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 50, 55, 60, 90, 219 ; Walp. Rep. iv. 160;

Choisy in DO. Prod. xii. 10 (not of Linn. fil.). 8S. einerascens,

Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 9 (not of E. Meyer). S. capituliflora,

Rolfe in Journ. Linn Soe. xx, 355.

Sourn AFRICA: without precise locality, Thunberg! Masson! Forster!

her, 1874! 1379!

ts Matt Seéior: Queenstown Div. ; Queenstown, Cooper, 3013! :

CentTrat Recion: Calvinia Div. ; Brandvlei, Johanssen, 1! Prince Albert

Div. ; on the Karroo near Constable, 3200 ft., MacOwan and Bolus Herb. Norm.

Aust.-Afr. 676! Karroo Veld, Hutton! Div.? Elephant River, Mund! Karroo,

Ecklon! Somerset Div.; upper part of Bruintjes Hoogte, Burchell, 3042 !

Somerset East, Bowker, 145! Fraserburg Div. ; at Dwaal River, Burchell, 1464!

Sutherland Div. ; Roggeveld Mountains, Burchell, 1310/2! Murraysburg Div. ;

on stony cliffs near Murraysburg, 4000 ft., Tyson, 268! Graaff Reinet Div.; on

stony slopes near Graaff Reinet, 4000 ft., Bolus, 32! Graaff Reinet, Bowker !

Compass Berg, 6000-7000 ft., Drege / Aberdeen Div. ; Camdeboo, on hills near

Hamerkuil, 3000 ft., Drége. Colesberg Div. ; Colesberg, Shaw, 54! 57! Middel-

burg Div. ; Sneeuwberg Range, between Compass Berg and Rhinoster Berg,

5000 ft., Drege. Conway Farm, Gilljillan in Herb. Galpin, 2991! Sneeuw

Berg, Wyley! Bhinoster Kop and Buffel Fontein, Wyley! Craddock Div. ;

without precise locality, Cooper, 503! Albert Div. ; without precise locality,

Cooper, 576! 1755! on dry rocky hills near Gaatje, 4500-5000 ft., Drége /

Western Recion: Great Namaqualand; Keetmanshoop, Fenshel, 105! Aus,

Schinz, Gamokab, Schinz! Daberas, Fleck, 434! Little Namaqualand ; between

Koussies (Buffels) River and Silver Fontein, 1500-2000 ft., Drége!

VOL. VY. L

146 SELAGINEZ (Rolfe). [ Selago.

KaLanaRI Reaion: Griqualand West Div.; plains between Kloof Village

and Wittewater, Burchell, 2097! at Griqua Town, Burchell, 2114! near Griqua

Town, Orpen in Herb. Bolus, 5749! between Griqua Town and Witte Water,

Burchell, 1975! Orange River Colony ; Caledon River, Burke! Vaal River, Mrs.

Bowker, 476! Bloemfontein, Rehmann, 3714! 3894! Basutoland; without

precise locality, Cooper, 3012!

Also in Tropical Africa.

34. §. minutissima (Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genév. ii. ii. 100,

t. 3); perennial, much branched, 1-2 ft. high; branches minutely

canescent or puberulous; leaves in approximate fascicles, oblong or

linear, obtuse, minutely puberulous or nearly glabrous, 3—4 lin. long ;

spikes capitate or short, on short lateral branchlets, arranged in a

narrow more or less compact and elongated panicle towards the

summit of the branches; bracts linear-oblong, subobtuse, 1-1} lin.

long, nearly glabrous; calyx %—1 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong,

obtuse, slightly ciliate, nearly as long as the tube; corolla white

(Burchell) ; tube oblong, 1-14 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, sub-

equal, scarcely half as long as the tube. Ohoisy, Mém. Selag. 30,

t.3; H. Meyer, Comm. 268, and in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

- Documente, 54, 66, 91, 219; Wolp. Rep. iv. 163 ; Choisy in DC.

Prod, xii. 18. S. appressa, E. Meyer, Comm. 267, not S. adpressa,

Choisy.

Coast ReEerion: Clanwilliam Div, ; Zuur Fontein, 150 ft., Schlechter, 8554 !

Malmesbury Div.; Hopefield, Bachmann, 110! Leliefontein, near Hopefield,

Bachmann, 1600! between Leliefontein and Rondekuil, near Hopefield, Bach-

mann, 2194! Worcester Div.; mountain sides in Hex River Valley, 1600 ft.,

Tyson, 671!

Central Reaion: Prince Albert Div. ; between Hex River Mountains and Drie-

koppen, 2500-3000 ft., Drége. Fraserburg Div.; between Klein Quaggas Fontein

and Dwa:] River, Burchell, 1452! Carnarvon Div. ; between Carnarvon and Elands

Valley, Burchell, 1581! Hanover Div.; on rocks between Riviertje and Nieuw-

kerks Hoogte, 4000-5000 ft., Drége ! Colesberg Div.; near the Orange River,

Knobel! Middelburg Div.; Sneeuwberg Range, between Compass Berg and

Rhenoster Berg, 5000 ft., Drége!

Western Keeton; Little Namaqualand; on rocky hills near Uknip,

2000 ft., Drége! among stones near Klip Fontein, 3000 ft., MacOwan and Bolus

Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 679! and without precise locality, Morris in Herb. Bolus.

5753! Scully, 77!

35. S. divaricata (Linn. f. Suppl. 284); perennial, much branched,

1 ft. or more high; branches minutely canescent or puberulous ;

leaves fascicled, linear or oblong-linear, subobtuse, minutely pubes-

cent, 1-2 lin. long ; spikes subcapitate or short ; bracts oblong, sub-

obtuse, minutely puberulous, 1 lin. long; calyx % lin, long; lobes

oblong, obtuse, ciliate, rather longer than the tube ; corolla-tube

oblong, % lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, half as long as the tube.

Thunb. Prodr. 99, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 460; Rolfe in Journ.

Linn. Soc, xx, 349,

SoutH AFRICA: without precise locality, Thunberg !

36. S. Burkei (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 1-1} ft. high ;

branches canesceat or minutely puberulous; leaves in approximate

Selago.] SELAGINEZ (Rolfe). 147

fascieles, linear, subobtuse, minutely puberulous, 1-3 lin. long;

spikes narrow, 3-6 lin. long; bracts elliptic-oblong, subobtuse,

concave, minutely puberulous, 1 lin. long; calyx 4 lin. long,

minutely puberulous ; lobes oblong, subobtuse, ciliate, rather longer

than the tube; corolla-tube oblong, 1 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong,

unequal, more than half as long as the tube; fruit ovoid-oblong,

1 lin. long.

Sourn Arrica: without precise locality, Zeyher, 1379!

Katauari Region: Transvaal; Mooi River, Burke, 500!

37. S. Zeyheri (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, }-1 ft. high ;

branches minutely puberulous, leaves in approximate fascicles,

oblong, subobtuse, minutely puberulous, $-1} lin. long; spikes

oblong, 1~% in. long; bracts oblong or linear-oblong, subobtuse,

minutely puberulous, 1 lin. long; calyx 3 lin. long, pubescent ;

lobes oblong, subobtuse, rather shorter than the tube ; corolla-tube

oblong, 1 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong or rounded, unequal, rather

shorter than the tube.

Sourn AFRICA: without precise locality, Zeyher, 13875! 1378!

CentRAL REGION: Calvinia Div.; | Hantam Mountains, Meyer! Prince

Albert Div.; Gamka River, Burke! Beaufort West Div. ; Beaufort West,

Schenck !

38. S. tenuis (E. Meyer, Comm. 266) ; perennial, much branched,

1_] ft. high ; branches puberulous ; leaves in approximate fascicles,

spreading, oblong-linear, subobtuse, puberulous, 1-12 lin. long;

spikes narrow, mostly solitary, }{-} in. long; bracts oblong,

subobtuse, fleshy, minutely puberulous, 1 lin, long ; calyx 3 lin.

long ; lobes oblong, subobtuse, ciliate, unequal, about twice as long

as the tube ; corolla-tube oblong, 1 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong,

shorter than the tube. E. Meyer, in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 95,219; Walp. Rep. iv. 161; Choisy in DC. Prod,

xii. 11, partly.

Western Reaion: Little Namaqualand; in dry places at the foot of the

mountains near Geelbekskraal, 2500 ft., Drége !

39. S. ferruginea (Rolfe); perennial, much branehed, {-1 ft.

high; branches pubescent or hispidulous with ferruginous hairs ;

leaves in approximate fascicles, oblong, subobtuse, hispidulous,

1-2 lin. long; spikes oblong or somewhat elongate, j-1 in. long ;

bracts triangular-oblong, subacute, hispidulous, 8 lin. long; calyx

8 lin, long, pubescent ; lobes narrowly triangular-oblong, subacute,

longer than the tube ; corolla-tube oblong, ¢ lin. long; lobes broadly

oblong, subequal, not half as long as the tube; fruit ovoid-oblong,

8 lin, long. S. leptostachya, var. eckloniana, Choisy in DC. Prod,

xu. 11,

Coast ReGion: Div.? between Gauritz River and Lange Kloof, Ecklon ¥

Zeyher, 66!

40. S. rigida (Rolfe); perennial, much. branched, }-1} ft. high :

branches puberulous or hispidulous : leaves in approximate fascicles,

148 SELAGINE® (Rolfe). [ Selago.

‘spreading, hispidulous, 1-2 lin. long ; spikes ovoid or oblong, dense,

4-12 lin. long; bracts ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate-oblong, sub-

obtuse, puberulous, ciliate at the base, about 14 lin. long; calyx

1 lin. long; lobes oblong, subobtuse, ciliate, the two upper about as

long as the tube, the rest smaller; corolla white (Burchell) ; tube

oblong, 1-1} lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, unequal, scareely half

as long as the tube.

CrntRAL ReGIon: Sutherland Div. ; Roggeveld Mountains, Burchell, 1810/1!

on the Wind Heuvel, Koedoes Mountains, Burchell, 1287! between Kuilenberg

and Great Riet River, Burchell, 1348 !

41. 8. polystachya (Linn. Mant. 250, not of E. Meyer); perennial,

much branched, 1-2 ft. high; branches canescent or minutely

puberulous ; leaves in approximate fascicles, linear or oblong-linear,

subobtuse, canescent or sometimes hispidulous, 3-5 lin. long ; flowers

in short oblong spikes, which are sometimes numerous and aggregated

into compact corymbose panicles at the summit of the branches ;

bracts lanceolate-linear, subobtuse, ciliate near the base, 11-2 lin.

long; calyx’14 lin. long, villous; lobes oblong-linear, subobtuse,

‘longer than the tube; corolla-tube linear-oblong, 23-3 lin. long ;

lobes broadly oblong, about a quarter as long as the tube. Choisy,

Mém. Selag. 40; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx, 348. SS. cinerea,

EE. Meyer, Comm. 263, and in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,

78, 109, 219 (not of Linn. jil.); Walp. Rep. iv. 158; Choisy in DC.

Prod. xii, 10 partly ; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soe. xx. 348.

Soura Arica: without precise locality, Masson! Nelson! Mund! Thom!

Harvey, 451!

Coast Reaion: Clanwilliam Diy.; in sandy places between Berg Vallei and

Zwartbast Kraal, 600-1000 ft., Drege! between Piquiniers Kloof and Pretoris

Kloof, 1500 ft., Drége! mountains near Oliphants River, Bolus, 5748! Piquet-

‘berg Div.; Piquet Berg, Schlechter, 7916! Cape Div.; Cape Flats, Relmann,

1955! 1959! Tulbagh Div. ; New Kloof, 1000 ft., Drége. Stellenbosch Div. ;

near Somerset West, Cape Herb. ! George Div. ; Outeniqua Mountains, in

Montagu Pass, Rehmann, 290!

8. cinerea, Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 69, and Krauss, Fl. Cap. und Natal. 133,

from among shrubs near the Koega River in Uitenhage Div., Krauss, 1090, may

belong here. The species has been much confused by authors.

42. S. scabrida (Thunb. Prodr, 99); perennial, much branched,

3-1; ft. high ; branches puberulous or hispidulous ; leaves more or

less fascicled (the fascicles more or less approximate) ; oblong or

linear-oblong, subobtuse, scaberulous or hispid, 13-5 lin. long ;

heads roundish or oblong, mostly numerous and arranged in compact

or somewhat lax corymbs at the summit of the branches ; bracts

linear-lanceolate, subobtuse, hispidulous or pubescent, 2-21 lin.

long; calyx 13-2 lin. long, villous; lobes subulate-linear, subacute,

twice as long as the tube; eorolla-tube linear-oblong, 13-2 lin. long ;

lobes broadly oblong, subequal, about a third as long as the tube ;

fruit ovoid-oblong, 1 lin. long. Thunb, Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 461;

Choisy, Mém. Selag. 41 ; E. Meyer, Comm. 265, and in Drége, Zwei

Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 74, 115, 219 ; Walp, Rep. iv. 160, 167;

Selago:] SELAGINEZ (Rolfe). 149

Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 13; Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 70; Krauss, Fl.

Cap. und Natal. 134; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 352. S.

cinerea, Drége in Linnea, xx. 201 (not of Linn. fil.). 8S. glandulosa,

Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 20 ; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 352.

SoutH Arrica: without precise locality, Thunberg! Thom! Harvey!

Wallich!

Coast ReGion: Clanwilliam Div.; on rocks near Wupperthal, 2500 ft.,

Drége ! Sneeuw Kop, Waillich ! Pakhuis Berg, 2600 ft., Schlechter, 8658 / Piquet-

berg Div. ; Kardouw, Zeyher, 3553! Malmesbury Div. ; near Hopefield, Bach-

mann, 1598! 1599 ! Cape Div. ; Muizenberg Mountain, Wallich, 379! Wolley Dod,

749! Bolus, 2892! 4533 ! flats near Rondebosch, Wolley Dod, 320! sandy ground

near Simonstown, Wolley Dod, 428! top of Steen Berg slopes, Wolley Dod,

2736! Ecklon, 31! Blauw Berg, Cape Herb.! sides of Tyger Berg, Krauss,

1092! Stellenbosh Div.; Lowrys Pass, Pappe! Caledon Div.; on the great

mountain at Genadendal, Burchell, 8628! mountains near Genadendal, 2000-

4800 ft., Drége ! Bolus, 7411! 7412! Grabouw, near the Palmiet River, Bolus,

4186! Houw Hoek, Zeyher, 3560! Schlechter, 7559! Caledon, Pappe ! Swel-

lendam Div.; hills of Swellendam, Bowie! near Swellendam, Bolus, 8072!

Eklon & Zeyher, 31! Riversdale Div.: at Riversdale, Schlechter, 1871!

Katanart Reeion: Basutoland; Kornet Spruit, between the Orange River

and Caledon River, at the foot of the Witte Bergen, 5000-6000 ft., Ecklon §

Zeyher !

48. §. luxurians (Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 9) ; perennial, much

branched, about 1 ft. high; branches closely pubescent; leaves in

approximate fascicles, spreading, oblong-linear, subobtuse, nearly

glabrous, 11~2 lin. long; spikes oblong, about } in. long, terminal

and lateral near the apex of the branches ; bracts oblong, subobtuse,

ciliate, 1-11 lin. long; calyx campanulate, pubescent, 1 lin. long ;

lobes oblong, subobtuse, ciliate, twice as long as the tube ; corolla-

tube oblong, 13 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, subequal, about half

as long as the tube; fruit ovoid, 1 lin. long.

Coast REGION : Mossel Bay Div. ; Attaquas Kloof Mountains, Mund § Maire ;

Attaquas Kloof, Gill! Uitenhage Div. ; Van Stadens Berg, Ecklon Y Zeyher,

54 (ew Choisy).

44. §. Dregei (Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 353) ; perennial,

much branched, 1-12 ft. high; branches pubescent; leaves in

approximate fascicles, spreading, oblong-linear, subobtuse, hispidu-

lous, 1-4 lin. long; flowers arranged in dense corymbose panicles

1-3 in. broad at the summit of the branches ; bracts linear-lanceolate,

subacute, villous, 2 lin. long; ealyx 1} lin. long, villous; lobes

subulate-linear, acute, three times as long as the tube; corolla white.

(Burchell); tube linear-oblong, about 2 lin. long; lobes broadly

oblong, unequal, searcely half as long as the tube; fruit ovoid, 1 lin.

long. 8. glomerata, EF. Meyer, Comm. 264, partly, and in Drege,

Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 128, 219, letter b only ; Drége in

Linnea, xx. 202; Walp. Rep. iv.159; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 9,

partly (not of Thunb.).

Sourm Argica: without precise locality, Thom, 293 ! 323 | : :

Coast Raion : Cape Div.; near Cape Town, Harvey! Riversdale Div, ; hills

near Zoetemelks River, Burchell, 6748! Uitenhage Div.; between Klasniemand

Fontein and Bethelsdorp, 500-800 ft., Drege! Kakkerlak Valley and summit of

150 SELAGINES (Rolfe). [Selago.

Van Stadens Berg, Zeyher, 3564! and without precise locality, Zeyher, 807 in

Kew Herb. !

This species has been confused with §. glomerata, Thunb.

45. S. setulosa (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 1-1 ft. high ;

branches setulose-pubescent ; leaves in approximate fascicles, spread-

ing, ovate-oblong or suborbicular, obtuse, puberulous, often setulose

at the margin, 14 lin. long; bracts oblong or lanceolate-oblong, sub-

obtuse, very villous, 13-2 lin. long; calyx 1} lin. long, villous ;

lobes linear-oblong, subobtuse, nearly as long as the tube; corolla-

tube linear-cblong, 21-3 lin. long ; lobes broadly oblong, about 1 lin.

long.

Sourn Arrica: without precise locality, Thom, 46!

46. 8. brevifolia (Rolfe); perennial, mueh branched, 1 ft. or more

high ; branches pubescent ; leaves in approximate fascicles, oblong,

subobtuse, somewhat fleshy, nearly glabrous, 2-1 lin. long; spikes

oblong, short, solitary or somewhat aggregated at the summit of the

branches ; bracts linear-lanceolate, subacute, hispid, ciliate, 14-2 lin.

long ; calyx 12 lin. long, villous; lobes linear, subobtuse, twice as

long as the tube; corolla white (Galpin) ; tube linear-oblong, 2 lin.

long; lobes broadly oblong, unequal, about half as long as the tube ;

fruit oblong, % lin, long.

Coast Region: Riversdale Div.; Muiskraal, near Garcias Pass, 1200 ft.,

Galpin, 4405 !

47. 8. glomerata (Thunb. Prodr. 99) ; perennial, much branched,

1-2 ft. high ; branches puberulous ; leaves in approximate fascicles,

oblong or linear-oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, minutely puberulous

or glabrous, 11-5 lin. long; flowers arranged in globose or sub-

corymbose, usually dense panicles %—11 in. (or occasionally more)

broad ; bracts lanceolate-oblong, subacute, concave, ciliate, 1-1} lin.

long ; calyx 1-13 lin. long, puberulous; lobes linear-oblong, sub-

obtuse, ciliate, rather longer than the tube; corolla blue (Burchell)

or white (Galpin); tube oblong or linear-oblong, 1-2 lin. long;

lobes broadly oblong or obovate-oblong, unequal, nearly half as long

as the tube. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 461; EH. Meyer, Comm.

264, and in Drége, Zwei Pflunzengeogr. Documente, 121, 137, 219

(eael. letter b); Walp. Rep, iv. 159; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 9

(partly); Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 353. S. sp., Drége in

Linnea, xx. 202. 8S. cerulea, Burch. ex Hochst. in Flora,

1845, 70; Krauss, Fl. Cap. und Natal. 134; Choisy in DC. Prod.

xii. 9 (in note).

SoutH AFRICA: without precise locality, Thunberg! Thom, 503! 512!

Coast Reaion : Ceres Div. ; plains near Ceres, 1500 ft., MacOwan and Bolus,

Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 1841! Prince Alfred, 3000 ft., Schlechter, 9984!

Worcester Div.; Hex River Mountains, at Axells Farm, Rehmann, 2699! Hex

River Valley, Zyson in Herb. Bolus, 5964! Caledon Div.; mountains of

Raviaans Kloof, near Genadendal, Burchell, 7856! Swellendam Div. ; plains at

Swellendam, Bowie! Riversdale Div.; Riversdale, Rust, 445! Mossel Bay Div. ;

Gauritz River, Pappe! George Div.; west side of Kaymans River, Burchell,

Selago. | SELAGINES (Rolfe). 151

5805! Outeniqua Mountains, Montagu Pass, Rehmann, 291! Knysna Div. ;

Knysna, Pappe! Uniondale Div.; Lange Kloof, on rocks near the waterfall,

2000 ft., Drege! Lange Kloof, Cape Herb.! Humansdorp Div. ; hill-side at

Humansdorp, 400 ft., Galpin, 4404! Uitenhage Div.; fields by the Zwartkops

River, Zeyher, 3563! and without precise locality, Zeyher, 807 in Dublin Herb. !

foot of Winterhoek Mountain, Krauss, 1091! Alexandria Div.; rocks on the

mete side of the Zuur Bergen, Drége! Albany Div. ; Fish River Rand, Burchell,

3449!

CENTRAL Reeion: Ceres Div. ; Cold Bokkeyeld, at Sand Fontein, 4000 ft.,

Schlechter, 10138 !

_ 48. S. punctata (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, }—1} ft. high ;

branches puberulous; leaves in approximate fascicles, linear or

oblong-linear, subobtuse, minutely glaucous, and bearing numerous

black dots, 2-3 lin. long; flowers aggregated in corymbs 3-1} in.

broad at the summit of the branches; bracts oblong, subobtuse,

concave, minutely canescent, 12 lin. long; calyx 1-1} lin. long,

minutely puberulous; lobes oblong, subobtuse, rather shorter than the

tube ; corolla white (Galpin) ; tube oblong, 1 lin. long ; lobes broadly

oblong, unequal, about as long as the tube.

CENTRAL REGION: Queenstown Div.; Hangklip Mountain, 6600 ft.. Galpin,

1809! Andries Berg, near Bailey, 6500 ft., Galpin, 1924!

49. S. longituba (Rolfe) ; perennial, over 1 ft. high; branches

pubescent; leaves solitary or somewhat fascicled, usually crowded,

elliptic-lanceolate, subacute, serrate, 3-nerved, hispidulous, 5-8 lin.

long; flowers aggregated in a dense corymb 2 in. broad ; bracts

lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, hispidulous, somewhat ciliate, 1} lin.

long ; calyx 12 lin. long, nearly glabrous; lobes oblong, subobtuse,

ciliate, about a third as long as the tube; corolla purple (Galpin) ;

tube linear, 3-4 lin. long; lobes oblong, about a quarter as long as

the tube.

KAtanarr Recon: Transvaal, on hill-sides near Barberton, 2800-3000 ft.,

Galpin, 398!

50. §. Wilmsii (Rolfe) ; perennial, more or less branched, 1} ft. or

more high; branches puberulous; leaves in approximate fascicles,

lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute, serrate or denticulate, hispidu-

lous, 8-8 lin. long ; flowers aggregated in dense corymbs 1-14 in.

broad at the summit of the branches; bracts lanecolate, subacute,

2 lin. long; ealyx 12 lin. long, narrow, glabrous; lobes oblong,

subacute, scarcely half as long as the tube; corolla-tube linear,

21 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, subequal, about a quarter as long

as the tube.

Katanart Reoton; Transvaal, near Paarde Plaats, in the Lydenberg

district, Wilms, 1163!

51. S. natalensis (Rolfe) ; perennial, branched chiefly at the base,

1_4 ft. high ; branches minutely puberulous ; leaves in approximate

fascicles, linear or lanceolate-linear, acute, denticulate above the

middle, with acute teeth, nearly glabrous, 1-1} lin. long; flowers

arranged in dense corymbose panicles 1—4 in. broad at the summit of

152 SELAGINER (Rolfe). [Selago.

the branches ; bracts linear-oblong, subobtuse, 1 lin. long, adnate at

the base to the short pedicel; calyx 1 lin. long, nearly glabrous ;

lobes oblong, subacute, about a third as long as the tube; corolla

_ violet-blue (Sanderson) ; tube linear-oblong, 2 lin. long; lobes broadly

oblong, subequal, about a quarter as long as the tube.

Eastern Reeion: Natal; on stony slopes near Inanda, 1800 ft., Wood, 53!

521! Bothas Railway Station, Wood, 4863! Bothas Hill , overlooking Potgieters

Farm, 1200-1500 ft., Sanderson, 88! ‘Iransvaal ; Ingoma in Vryheid District,

Gerrard §& McKen, 1240!

52. 8. aggregata (Rolfe); perennial, branched chiefly near the

base, 1} ft. or more high; branches pubescent; leaves more or less

faseicled, crowded, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, subacute, serrate

or denticulate, puberulous, 4-8 lin. long; flowers aggregated in

corymbose or rarely somewhat thyrsoid heads 2~31 in. broad at the

summit of the branches; bracts linear-oblong, subobtuse, nearly

glabrous, 2 lin. long; calyx 11 lin. long, nearly glabrous; lobes

oblong, subobtuse, about a quarter as long as the tube ; corolla blue

(Wilms); tube linear-oblong, 2 lin. long ; lobes broadly oblong,

about a quarter as long as the tube.

Katanari Recion: Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1165! near Paarde

Plaats, in the Lydenburg District, Wilms, 1165a !

EastERN ReGion; Natal; near Greytown, Wilms, 2193 !

53. §. Nelsoni (Rolfe) ; perennial, chiefly branched at the woody

base, 3-12 ft. high ; branches closely pubescent ; leaves in approxi-

mate fascicles, lanceolate or lanceolate-linear, subobtuse, entire or

denticulate near the apex, nearly glabrous, 2-6 lin. long; spikes

capitate or short, corymbosely arranged in compact heads 1-12 in.

broad at the summit of the branches; bracts oblong, subobtuse,

puberulous, 1-1 lin. long; calyx 1 lin. long ; lobes broadly oblong,

obtuse, slightly ciliate, about a third as long as the tube; corolla-

tube oblong, 13-14 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, subequal, about

a third as long as the tube.

Katanart Recton: Transvaal; Houtbosch Berg, Nelson, 439! Rehmann,

6208 ! 6209! 6210!

54. 8. foliosa (Rolfe) ; perennial, branched chiefly towards the

base, 13-21 ft. high; branches pubescent ; leaves more or less

fascicled, crowded, oblong-lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, subobtuse,

pubescent, j-13 in. long; flowers aggregated in compact (rarely

somewhat lax) corymbs at the ends of the branches; bracts oblong,

obtuse, concave, puberulous and ciliate, 14-12 lin. long; calyx

13-1} lin. long, minutely puberulous ; lobes oblong, obtuse, ciliate,

about a quarter as long as the tube; corolla purple (Tyson); tube

oblong, 2 lin. long ; lobes broadly oblong, subequal, about a third as

long as the tube,

Eastern ReGion: Griqualand East; mountain slopes at Clydesdale, near the

et River, 8000 ft., Tyson, 2528! Tyson m MacOwan, Herb. Aust.-Afr.,

Selago.] SELAGINES (Rolfe), 153

55. S. transvaalensis (Rolfe) ; perennial, branched chiefly near the

base, over 1} ft. high; branches pubescent; leaves in approximate

fascicles, lanceolate-linear, subacute, dentate above the middle with

two to four pairs of teeth, hispidulous, 3-1 in. long; flowers aggre-

gated in a dense corymbose panicle 2-21 lin. broad at the summit of

the branches ; bracts lanceolate-linear, subobtuse, puberulous, 1 lin.

long ; calyx nearly glabrous, 1 lin. long; lobes linear, subobtuse,

ciliate, rather shorter than the tube ; corolla-tube linear-oblong, 1 lin.

long ; lobes oblong, unequal, not half as long as the tube.

Kanawari ReGion: Transvaal; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6211!

56. 8. hyssopifolia (E. Meyer, Comm. 262); perennial, much

branched, 14-5 ft. high; branches pubescent or puberulous ; leaves

more or less fascicled, sometimes crowded, lanceolate or linear, or

sometimes oblong, subobtuse, entire or more or less denticulate or

dentate, softly pubescent or puberulous, }—12 in. long, 1-5 lin. broad ;

flowers very numerous, corymbosely arranged at the summit of the

branches in a broad lax panicle or more compact head; _ bracts

elliptic-oblong, obtuse, concave, usually more or less ciliate, adnate at

the base to the pedicel, 1 lin. long; pedicels 3-1 lin. long ; calyx

_1 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, obtuse, minutely ciliate, shorter

than the tube; corolla white or light blue; tube campanulate-_

oblong, 1 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong or rounded, shorter than

the tube ; fruit ovoid-oblong, subcompressed, 1 lin. long. EH. Meyer

in Drége, Zwet Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 150, 151, 219; Walp.

Rep. iv. 158; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 15; Hochst. in Flora,

1845, 69 (var. lanceolata); Krauss, Fl. Cap. und Natal. 133.

Coast ReGion : Komgha Div. ; grassy hills near Komgha, 1800 ft., Flanagan,

+ ea,

Katanart Reaion: Transvaal ; mountain slopes at Macamac, 5000 ft., McLea |

in Herb. Bolus, 3185! near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1164! ee

Eastern Recion: Tembuland; Bazeia, 2500 ft., Bawr, 559! Pondoland a

among grasses, between the great waterfall and Umtsikaba River, 1000-1500 ft., —

Drége ! between St. Johns River and Umtsikaba River, Drége. Fakus Territory, _

Sutherland! Port St. John, summit of West Gate, 1100 ft., Galpin,3477 ! and with-

out precise locality, Bachmann, 1219 ! 1220! Griqualand East ; banks of Umzim-

kulu River, near Clydesdale, 2500 ft., Tyson in MacOwan § Bolus Herb. Norm. —

Aust:-Afr., 817! and Tyson, 2797! summit of the Zuurberg Range between ~

Kokstad and Clydesdale, 6000 ft., Tyson, 1197! Natal; Inanda, Wood, 48,575!

Umzumbi, Wood, 3018! stony places near Highlands, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 6850!

Attercliffe, Sanderson, 250! at the foot of Table Mountain, Krauss, 379! near

Durban, Wood, 231! Sanderson, 591! Plant, 47! Peddie! Grant! Gerrard

and MeKen, 294! Umkomaas, McKen, 1242! Tugela River, Gerrard and McKen,

1670! and without precise locality, Cooper, 3501! Sutherland / Transvaal ;

Ingoma in Vryheid District, Gerrard, 1242! Swaziland; Piggs Peak, 4000 ft.,

Galpin, 1336 !

57. S. corymbosa (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i., 629); perennial, much

branched, 1-2 ft. or more high ; branches pubescent or puberulous ;

leaves in approximate fascicles, linear or filiform, subobtuse, puberu-

lous or nearly glabrous, 1-4 lin, long; flowers very numerous,

. oe corymbosely arranged at the summit of the branches in a compact or

154 SELAGINEH (Rolfe). [ Selago.

somewhat lax head 4-4 in. broad; bracts oblong, obtuse, more or less

ciliate, slightly curved, often adnate at the base to the pedicel, 3-8 lin,

long; calyx 2 lin. long ; lobes broadly oblong, obtuse, ciliate, generally

longer than the tube; corolla white; tube oblong, 3—% lin. long;

lobes broadly oblong, unequal, as long as or shorter than the tube;

fruit ovoid-oblong, } lin. long. Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2,876; Berg. Pl.

Cap. 156; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, iii, 431; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 459 ; Choisy, Mém. Selag. 30; EB. Meyer, Comm. 263, and

in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Doewmente, 55, 73, 88, 99, 100, 128,

138; Walp. Rep. iv. 158; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii.10; Hochst. in

Flora, 1845, 69 ; Krauss, Fl. Cap. und Natal. 133; Rolfe in Journ.

Tinn. Soc. xx. 342. S. corymbosa, B polystachya, E. Meyer,

Comm. 263 (excl. syn.) ; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 10.—J. and C.

Commelin, Hort. Amstel. ii. 79, t. 40.

Sour AFRica: without precise locality, Thunberg! Banks ¥ Solander !

Forsyth! Grey! Harvey, 401! 467! Mund! Thom, 586! Villette! Walton!

and cultivated specimens !

Coast REGION: Clanwilliam Div.; rocky places on Blue Berg, between

Bosch Kloof and Honig Vallei, Drege! Cape Div. ; near Cape Town, Pappe /

between Cape Town and the foot of Table Mountain, Burchell, 59! Table

Mountaiu, Ecklon, 740! Fleck, 436! MacGillivray, 615! Lion Mountain and

Table Mountain, 500-1500 ft., Drége! Wynberg, Wallich! Devils Peak, Wilms, :

3512! Wolley Dod, 2405! Cape Flats, Krauss, 1100, Rehmann, 1957! Paarl

Div. ; among shrubs at Berg River, near Paarl, 400 ft., Drége ! Paarl, Elliott !

Riversdale Div.; between Great Vals River and Zoetemelks River, Burchell,

6585! Mossel Bay Div.; in a dry channel of an arm of the Gauritz River,

Burchell, 6494! Knysna Div. ; Melville, Burchell, 5440! Uniondale Div.;

Lange Kloof, at Apies River, Burchell, 4948! Uitenhage Div.; Van Stadens

Berg, below 1000 ft., Drége! between Van Stadens Berg and Bethelsdorp, below

1000 ft., Drége! among shrubs on the Van Stadens Mountains, Zeyher, 268!

Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 3568! 3569! Grasrug, Baur! Algoa Bay, Cooper,

1487! Albany Div.; Howisons Poort, near Grahamstown, Baur! Hutton!

Bothas Hill, 2000 ft., Drége/ near Grahamstown, Bolton! and without precise

locality, Williamson! King Williamstown Div.; fields near King Williamstown,

— Cooper, 40! Tyson in MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 845! Durban,

101! British Kaffraria ; without precise locality, Cooper, 3010!

_CENTRAL REGION: Graaff Reinet Div.; Sneeuw Berg Range, 4500 ft.,

Bolus, 1977! between Compas Berg and Rhinoster Berg, 4500-5000 ft., Drége.

Graaff Reinet, Bolus, 611! Colesberg Div.; at Naauw Poort, Burchell, 2760!

Colesberg, Shaw ! Albert Div. ; Cooper, 1771!

_ EAstern Recion: Pondoland 3 Fakus Territory, Sutherland ! Natal, without

precise locality, Cooper, 3009!

8. polystachya, Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 69, and Krauss, Fl. Cap. und Natal.

133, collected by Krauss (1101) in clayey soil throughout the Swellendam

district, may belong here, §. polystachya of Linnwus was erroneously referred

here by E. Meyer. .

58. S. stricta (Berg. Pl. Cap. 155); perennial, much branched,

3-l; ft. high ; branches puberulous or pubescent ; leaves in approxi-

mate fascicles, more or less spreading, linear, subobtuse, puberulous,

2-6 lin. long ; heads short, often numerous and arranged in compact

corymbose panicles at the summit of the branches, sometimes solitary ;

bracts oblong-lanceolate, subacute, concave, villous, strongly ciliate,

13-2 lin. long; calyx 1 lin. long, very villous, lobes triangular-

oblong, subobtuse, strongly ciliate, about as long as the tube;

Selago.] SELAGINEX (Rolfe). 155

corolla-tube linear-oblong, 14-2 lin. long; lobes broadly-oblong,

more than half as long as the tube. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed, Schult. 461 ;

Choisy, Mém. Selag. 33 partly, excl. syn.; Rolfe in Journ. Linn.

Soc. xx. 346. 8. tephrodes, LE. Meyer, Comm. 264 partly, and in

Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 78, 219, letter ¢ only.

S. hispida, Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 10 partly (not of Linn. fil.).

S. hispida, var. nana, Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 10, 8. sp., Drege in

Linnea, xx. 202.

Sourn AFRIcA; without precise locality, Bergius! Thunberg ! Masson!

Coast Region: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, 3000 ft., Schlechter, 126!

Tulbagh Div.; in rocky places, New Kloof, 800-1200 ft., Drége! Ecklon ¥

Zeyher, 28! summit of Witsen Berg, Zeyher, 3817! Pappe! Saron, 2000 ft.,

Schlechter, 10655 !

This species has been much confused by authors.

59. S. Woodii (Rolfe) ; perennial, branched chiefly near the base,

13-2 ft. high; branches pubescent; leaves somewhat fascicled,

linear, subacute, hispidulous, 1-6 lin. long; flowers aggregated into

a compact corymbose panicle 13-1} in. broad at the summit of the

branches ;_ bracts elliptic-oblong, subobtuse or apiculate, concave,

hispidulous, 1-11 lin. long, adnate at the base to the pedicel ; pedicel

slender, puberulous, 1-1} lin. long; calyx eampanulate, puberulous,

13-12 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, obtuse, rather shorter than —

the tube; corolla white (Wood); tube oblong, 1-1} lin. long; lobes

oblong, subequal, scarcely half as long as the tube; fruit oblong,

1 lin. long. ’

Eastern Region: Natal; near Murchison, Wood, 3006 !

60. S. monticola (Wood and Evans in Journ. Bot. 1897, 489) ;

perennial, branched chiefly at the woody base, 3-4 ft. high;

branches pubescent; leaves in approximate fascicles, linear-oblong,

subobtuse, pubescent or hispidulous, 3-6 lin. long ; heads roundish,

3-4 lin. diam., numerous and arranged in broad lax corymbs at the

summit of the branches ; bracts oblong, subobtuse, concave, hispidu-

lous, 1-12 lin. long, adnate at the base to the short pedicel ; calyx

1-12 lin. long, hispidulous; lobes broadly oblong, obtuse, slightly

ciliate, about half as long as the tube ; corolla white (Evans) ; tube

oblong, 1 lin. long ; lobes broadly oblong, unequal, nearly as long as

the tube ; fruit oblong, 1-1} lin. long.

EASTERN REGION: Natal; on the Drakensberg Range at the sources of the

Inyasuti River, 6000-7000 ft., Evans, 655 !

61. S. compacta (Rolfe); perennial, branched chiefly near the

base, 6 in. or more high; branches minutely puberulous; leaves

more or less fascicled, crowded, linear, subobtuse, minutely puberu-

lous, 2-5 lin. long; heads roundish, 4-5 lin. diam., distinctly

peduncled, arranged in compact corymbs at the summit of the

branches; bracts linear-oblong, obtuse, minutely puberulous, 2 lin.

long; calyx 2 lin. long, minutely puberulous ; lobes broadly: oblong

or suborbicular, obtuse, u third as long as the tube; corolla-tube

156 SELAGINEE ( Rolfe). [Selago.

linear-oblong, 23 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, subequal, about a

quarter as long as the tube.

Kananart Recion: Transvaal; near Paarde Plaats, in the Lydenberg

district, Wilms, 1160!

62. S. villosa (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, 1-2 ft, or more

high; branches villous; leaves solitary or somewhat fascicled,

crowded, oblong or linear-oblong, subobtuse, villous or almost

velvety, 3-9 lin. long; heads roundish, peduncled, 5-6 lin. diam.,

numerous towards the summit of the branches; bracts linear-oblong,

subobtuse, villous, 2 lin. long, adnate at the base to the short

pedicel ; calyx 2 lin. long, villous; lobes broadly oblong, subobtuse,

a third as long as the tube ; corolla white or cream-white (Galpin) ;

tube linear-oblong, 2} lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, subequal, a

third as long as the tube.

‘KALAHARI REGION: Transvaal; among rocks on the summit of Saddleback

Mountain, near Barberton, 5000 ft., Galpin, 948! Umlom ati (Lomati) Valley,

Barberton, 4000 ft., Galpin, 1807 !

63. S. elata (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, 2-3 ft. high ;

branches pubescent or puberulous ; leaves solitary or with a few

small leaflets in the axils, lanceolate-oblong or elliptical, subobtuse,

puberulous, }-1} in. long; racemes short, subeapitate when young,

numerous, arranged in a lax or narrow panicle towards the summit of

the branches; bracts lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, puberulous,

1-1} lin. long ; adnate at the base to the pedicel; pedicels up to

+ lin. long; calyx 13-2 lin. long, puberulous ; lobes linear, sub-

obtuse, ciliate, about a third as long as the tube; corolla white

(Thorncroft) ; tube linear, 21-3 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong,

subequal, about a third as long as the tube.

Katanari ReGIon: Transvaal; in scrub on ahill-side at Barberton, 3500 ft.,

Galpin, 862! Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6206! and without precise locality, at

5000 ft., Thorneroft, 287 (in Herb. Wood, 4347) !

64. 8. lydenbergensis (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, 1 ft. or

more high; branches closely pubescent; leaves in approximate

fascicles, oblong or lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, puberulous, 2-4 lin.

long ; heads roundish, numerous, arranged in a more or less compact

panicle at the summit of the branches; bracts lanceolate-oblong,

subobtuse, puberulous, adnate at the base to the very short pedicel,

1-1} lin. long; calyx 1 lin. long, puberulous; lobes oblong, sub-

obtuse, about a quarter as long as the tube; corolla-tube oblong,

13-1 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, a quarter as long as the

tube.

Katanari Reaion: Transvaal; on mountains at Lynsklip Spruit, in the

Lydenberg district, Nelson, 388! 533 !

65. S. Atherstonei (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, 1 ft. or

more high; branches pubescent; leaves more or less fascicled,

Selago. | SELAGINEE (Rolfe). 157

_ crowded, oblong, subobtuse, pubescent, 2-6 lin. long ; heads 5-6 lin,

diam., dense, terminal and lateral at the summit of the branches ;

bracts lanceolate-oblong, pubescent, adnate at the base to the short

pedicel, about 13 lin, long; calyx 1} lin. long, pubescent; lobes

oblong, obtuse, ciliate, about a quarter as long as the tube; corolla-

tube linear-oblong, about 14 lin. long ; lobes broadly oblong, obtuse,

subequal, about a third as long as the tube.

Katanari Reeron: Transvaal; near Lydenberg, Atherstone !

66. S. Muddii (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 6-12 in. high ;

branches pubescent; leaves somewhat fascicled, rather crowded ;

ovate-oblong, subacute, puberulous, 2}—4 lin. long; heads mostly

solitary, dense-flowered, 5-7 lin. diam. ; bracts oblong-lanceolate,

subobtuse, puberulous, 2 lin. long; calyx 1} lin. long, minutely

puberulous; lobes oblong, subobtuse, ciliate, about a quarter as long

as the tube; corolla lilac (Mudd); tube linear-oblong, 1% lin.

long ; lobes broadly oblong, subequal, about a third as long as the

tube.

Katanari Recion: Transvaal ; Berg Plateau, Mudd !

67. §. Rehmanni (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, }—$ ft. high ;

branches puberulous; leaves in approximate fascicles, linear, subacute,

puberulous, 3-5 lin. long; heads mostly solitary, dense-flowered,

3 lin. diam.; bracts lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, very minutely

puberulous, 2 lin. long; calyx 123-1} lin. long, nearly glabrous;

lobes oblong, subobtuse, about a third as long as the tube; corolla-

tube linear-oblong, 1% lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, subequal,

about a quarter as long as the tube.

Karanari Reeion: Transvaal ; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6212!

Some of the flower-heads are completely abnormal, owing to the ovaries being

transformed into globose galls, as the result of puncture by insects.

68. S. peduncularis (E. Meyer, Comm. 262); erect, herbaceous,

resembling S. trinervia, E. Meyer, but more slender, and with fewer

branches; leaves alternate, linear, acute at both ends, with some

small leaflets in the axils; flowers 1 lin. long, 20-30 arranged in

subeorymbose cymes, slightly larger than those of S& trinervia, E.

Meyer ; bracts suborbicular-ovate, subacute, concave, scarcely exceed-

ing the calyx-tube ; lower pedicels 2 lin. long; calyx-lobes 5, very

obtuse, as long as the corolla-tube ; fruit subglobose. Walp. Rep. iv.

157; Choisy in DC. Prod, xii. 13. :

Eastern Reoion: Natal; between Umzimkulu River and Umkomanzi —

River, 200 ft., Drége.

Only known to me from the description, in which it is compared with S. —

trinervia, E. Meyer.

69. S. lepidioides (Rolfe); annual (#), branched chiefly at the

base, 1 ft. or more high; branches pubescent; leaves somewhat

fascicled, linear or oblong-linear, subacute, hispidulous, 2-4 lin.

158 BELAGINEX (Rolfe). [Selago,

long ; flowers in racemes, which are often congested when young,

but elongated in fruit up to 2 in. or more long; bracts elliptic-

oblong, obtuse, concave, glabrous, adnate at the base to the pedicel,

1 lin. long; pedicels slender, 1 lin. long; calyx campanulate, % lin.

long, nearly glabrous ; lobes triangular-oblong, subobtuse, shorter

than the tube; corolla-tube oblong, 1 lin. long; lobes broadly-

oblong, unequal, shorter than the tube; fruit ovoid, subeompressed,

1 lin. long.

EastERN ReGion: Pondoland, Bachmann, 1217! 1221!

70, S. Rustii (Rolfe) ; annual (?), branched chiefly at the base,

x ft. or more high; branches puberulous ; leaves somewhat fascieled,

lanceolate or lanceolate-linear, subobtuse, denticulate above the

middle, puberulous, 3-5 lin. long; flowers arranged in dense heads

or arrested racemes 3-4 lin. long; bracts subspathulate-oblong, —

obtuse, ciliate, 13 lin. long, adnate at the base to the pedicel ; ~

pedicel {-} lin. long ; calyx 12 lin. long; lobes oblong, obtuse,

strongly ciliate, shorter than the tube; corolla-tube linear-oblong,

1; lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, subequal, about a third as long as

the tube.

Coast Reaton: Riversdale Div.; Riversdale, Rust, 100 !

71. 8. Tysoni (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, about 1 ft.

high; branches puberulous ; leaves usually solitary, sometimes with a

few small leaflets in the axils, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, sub-

obtuse, minutely puberulous, 3-6 lin. long; racemes subcapitate when

young, afterwards elongated up to 2 in.; bracts lanceolate-oblong,

subobtuse, puberulous, adnate at the base to the pedicel, 2-21 lin.

long; pedicels } lin. long; calyx 14 lin. long, puberulous; lobes

lanceolate-oblong, acute, ciliate, nearly twice as long as the tube;

corolla-tube linear-oblong, 12 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong,

scarcely half as long as the tube; fruit ovoid-oblong, 1-12 lin.

long. ;

Eastern Recion: Griqualand East; at the summit of Mount Currie, near

Kokstad, 7000 ft., Tyson, 1288! Tyson in MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm.

Aust.-Afr., 969 !

72. 8. trinervia (E. Meyer, Comm. 261); perennial, branched,

1 ft. or more high; branches minutely puberulous; leaves mostly

solitary, lanceolate-oblong to linear-lanceolate, subobtuse, nearly

glabrous, 4-12 lin. long; racemes subcorymbose at first, elongated in

fruit up to 1 in.; bracts lanceolate, subacute, adnate at the base to

the pedicel, 1}~-2 lin. long; pedicels slender, 1 lin. long ; calyx

1} lin, long ; lobes linear, subobtuse, ciliate, about three times as long

as the tube; corolla-tube linear-oblong, 12 lin. long; lobes broadly

oblong, subequal, about a third as long as the tube; fruit ovoid-

oblong, subcompressed, 1 lin. long. E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflan-

zengeogr. Documente, 157,219; Walp. Rep. iv. 157; Choisy in DC,

Prod, xii. 13,

Selago.] SELAGINES (Rolfe). 159

Eastern Ree@ion: Natal ; between Umzimkulu River and Umkomanzi River s

200 ft., Drége!

73. §. racemosa (Bernh, in Flora, 1845, 69) ; annual or peren-

nial (?), branehed chiefly at the base, 1-12 ft. high; branches

minutely puberulous; leaves solitary, lanceolate or lanceolate-linear,

subobtuse, puberulous, 1-2 in. long; racemes short when young,

afterwards elongated up to 3 in.; pedicels 2-1 lin. long; bracts

linear or oblong-linear, subobtuse, puberulous, 2-3 lin. long ; calyx

1-1} lin. long; lobes linear, acute, ciliate, more or less spreading,

two to four times as long as the tube ; corolla-tube linear-oblong,

2 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, unequal, not half as long as the

tube; fruit ovoid-oblong, subcompressed, 3-1 lin. long. Walp.

Rep. iv. 157 ; Choisyin DC. Prod. xii. 13.

EAstERN REGION: Griqualand East ; among stones on the Zuurberg Range,

5500 ft., Schlechter, 6582! Natal; near Hermans Berg, Gerrard, 1244! in

grassy places near Durban Bay, Krauss, 225! Inanda, 1800 ft., Wood, 64! 331!

408! 412! near Durban, Gerrard § McKen, 575! 576! and without precise

locality, Sanderson, 139! Sutherland! Gerrard, 320!

74, 8. longipedicellata (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 1 ft. or

more high ; branches pubescent; leaves in approximate fascicles,

spreading, narrowly subspathulate-lanceolate, acute, with about two

pairs of acute teeth near the apex, somewhat hispidulous, 2-4 lin.

long ; racemes short or elongated up to 2 in. or more in fruit; bracts

linear, acute, adnate at the base to the pedicel, 12 lin. long; pedicels

slender, 2 lin. long; calyx 1 lin. long ; lobes subulate-linear, acute,

slightly ciliate, somewhat spreading at the apex, about twiee as long

as the tube ; corolla pink (Wood) ; tube oblong, 2 lin. long ; lobes

broadly oblong, subequal, about a quarter as long as the tube ; fruit

oblong. 1 lin. long. ,

EastekN Reeion ; Zululand; Entumeni, 2000-3000 ft., Wood, 3967 !

75. S. longiflora (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, 11-2 ft. or

more high; branches pubescent; leaves in approximate fascicles,

spreading, linear-lanceolate, subaeute, puberulous or hispidulous,

2-3 lin. long ; racemes oblong or elongated in fruit up to 4 or 5 in.;

bracts linear-lanceolate, acute, somewhat ciliate, 2-2: lin. long,

adnate at the base to the pedicel; pedicels about } lin. long; calyx

1-1; lin. long ; lobes linear, acute, ciliate, about twice as long as the

tube; corolla blue (Wood); tube linear, somewhat pubescent, |

3-31 lin. long; lobes broadly elliptic-oblong, unequal, about 1 lin.

long; fruit ovoid-oblong, 14 lin. long. “

Eastern Reoion: Natal; near Enon, Upper Illovo, 3000 ft., Wood, 1858!

near Byrne, 8000 ft., Wood, 326! Wylie, 5217! and without precise locality,

Mrs. K. Saunders! co. 4

76. 8. nutans (Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 354, 358); peren-

nial, branched chiefly at the base, 1-1} ft. high ; branches puberulous

or nearly tomentose ; leaves solitary, the lower opposite or sub-

160 SELAGINE® (Rolfe). [ Selago.

opposite, linear or oblanceolate-linear, obtuse, sometimes denticulate

towards the apex, narrowed at the base, pubescent, }—1 in. long ;

heads solitary, nodding, short or oblong, 3-1 in. long; braets

lanceolate or elliptie-lanceolate, subobtuse or apiculate, concave,

4—5 lin. long; calyx tubular, puberulous, 3 lin. long; lobes oblong,

obtuse, ciliate, a quarter as long as the tube; corolla-tube linear,

6-7 lin. long; lobes oblong or obovate-oblong, subequal, 1 lin. long.

Selago cephalophora, E. Meyer, Comm, 256, and in Drége, Zwei

Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 51, 53, 219 (not of Thunb.); Walp.

Rep. iv. 152; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 17 partly.

CENTRAL Region: Aliwal North Div.; Witte Bergen, in valleys at 4500-

5000 ft., Drege, and in rugged grassy places at 7000-7500 ft., Drége !

This species has been confused with 8. cephalophora, Thunb.

77. 8. elegans (Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 14); annual (?), somewhat

branched at the base, 1-11 ft. high; branches minutely puberulous,

hairs more or less in lines from the leaf-bases on the lower part ; leaves

mostly solitary, somewhat crowded near the base, linear, subacute, —

minutely puberulous, 3-8 lin. long; heads ovoid or oblong, dense,

1-]1 in, long; bracts lanceolate-linear, subacute, ciliate, 2-24 lin.

long; calyx 2 lin. long; lobes subulate-linear, subacute, ciliate,

about twice as long as the tube; corolla-tube linear-oblong, about

22 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, subequal, a third as long as the

tube.

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div.; Brak Fontein, Cape Herd. ! Swellendam

Div. ; Rietkuil, near the Buffeljagts River, Zeyher, 3571! Oudshorn Div. ;

Cango, Mund!

78. 8. heterophylla (E. Meyer, Comm. 256, not of Thunb.) ;

annual (1), branched chiefly at the base, 4-11 ft. high; branches

nearly glabrous; leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acute, often

denticulate or dentate above the middle, glabrous, 2-6 lin. long;

heads ovoid or oblong, dense, 5-8 lin. long; bracts lanceolate-oblong,

ciliate, 2 lin. long; calyx 2 lin. long; lobes linear, subobtuse, ciliate,

twice as long as the tube; corolla-tube linear-oblong, 2 lin, long;

lobes oblong, unequal, shorter than the tube. EH. Meyer in Drége,

Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 74, 219; Walp. Rep. iv. 151;

Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 17; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 354.

Coast Reaion: Clanwilliam Div.; Ezels Bank, on the Cederbergen, 3000-

4000 ft., Drege! Tulbagh Div.; on the Skurfde Berg, Cape Herb. ! Caledon

Div. ; by the River Zonder Einde, Zeyher, 3572!

This species was wrongly identified by E. Meyer with S. heterophylla, Thunb.,

but as the latter is a young seedling of S. spwria, Linn., the name heterophylla

may be retained for the present one.

79. 8. herbacea (Choisy in Mém. Soc, Phys. Genév. ii. ii. 109) ;

annual, erect, more or less branched, 1-1} ft. high; branches pube-

rulous ; leaves mostly opposite, solitary or with some small leaves in

the axils, spathulate, subobtuse, crenulate, nearly glabrous, }~1] in.

long; heads roundish or oblong, 3-6 lin. long, more elongated in fruit,

Selago.] SELAGINEX (Rolfe). 161

solitary, or several corymbosely arranged at the summit of the

branches ; bracts linear-oblong, subobtuse, ciliate at the base, 2 lin.

long; calyx 12 lin. long; lobes linear-oblong, subobtuse, ciliate,

about three times as long as the tube; corolla-tube linear-oblong,

2 lin. long ; lobes broadly oblong, subequal, about a quarter as long

as the tube ; fruit oblong, 13 lin. long. Choisy, Mém. Selag. 39;

Walp. Rep. iv. 153; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 17; Hochst. in Flora,

1845, 69; Krauss, Fl. Cap. und Natal.133. 8S. lobeliacea, Hochst.

in Flora, 1845, 69.

Coast Rreion: Knysna Div.; on dunes at Zitzikamma, Kiauss, 1104, 1105.

Uitenhage Div.; Olifants Hoek, between Bushman and Sunday Rivers, below

300 ft., Ecklon Y Zeyher, 16! 41! Algoa Bay, Berlin Herb. !

80. S. cephalophora (Thunb. Prodr. 100); annual, erect or

decumbent at the base, sometimes not much branched, }—1+ ft. high ;

branches pubescent; leaves usually solitary, the lower opposite or

subopposite, oblanceolate-linear or subspathulate, subobtuse, dentate

or dentieulate, narrowed at the base, pubescent, 1-1 in. long; heads

dense, 3-6 lin. long, mostly numerous and corymbosely arranged at

the summit of the branches; bracts oblong, subobtuse, ciliate, 2 lin.

long; calyx 1} lin. long; lobes oblong, subobtuse, ciliate, about

a quarter as long as the tube; corolla-tube oblong, 1} lin. long ;

lobes broadly oblong, about half as long as the tube; fruit oblong,

Ii lin. long. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 464; Choisy, Mém. Selag.

34; Walp. Rep. iv. 152 partly ; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 17 partly ;

Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 354 (not of HE. Meyer).

Sourn Arrica: without precise locality, Masson! Auge! Mund & Maire!

Coast Rearon: Malmesbury Div.; near Hopefield, Bachmann, 177! 1491!

2164! scrubby flats north of Houtjes Bay, in Saldanha Bay, Yorke ! Cape Div. ;

sand hills near Duine Fontein, Cape Peninsula, Wolley Dod, 1860! Riversdale

Div.; sandy plains at Kuils (Kafferkuils?) River, Cape Herb. ! Uniondale Div. ;

Lange Kloof, 300 ft., Schlechter, 8385 !

8. cephalophora, E. Meyer, is now referred to S. nutans, Rolfe.

81. S. phyllopodioides (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 190) ;

annual, erect, simple or branched in the upper part, 4-6 in. high ;

branches strigillose-puberulous with retrorse hairs; leaves narrowly

oblanceolate-linear, obtuse, sparsely puberulous, lower obscurely

dentate, attenuated at the base into a short petiole, 1 in. long,

upper sessile, entire, smaller ; flowers in terminal heads, sometimes

disposed in subcorymbose panicles; bracts oblong, obtuse, hispidu-

lous, slightly longer than the calyx; calyx somewhat bilabiate,

& lin. long, puberulous; upper lip shortly bifid; lower shortly

trilobed ; lobes obtuse, subequal ; corolla 2 lin. long; tube swollen

above the cylindrical base ; lobes rounded, very obtuse.

Coast Reeion; Vanrhynsdorp Div.; hills near Drooge River, 1200 ft.,

Schlechter, 8322.

Oulvy known to me from the description, in which it is compared with S.

cephalophora, Thunb,

VOL, V. M

162 SELAGINE (Rolfe). [ Selago.

82. 8. hirta (Linn. fil. Suppl. 285); annual, decumbent, much

branched, 4-9 in. high; branches pubescent ; leaves opposite or sub-

opposite, solitary, spathulate with a broadly elliptic-oblong blade,

obtuse, ecrenulate or dentate, somewhat pubescent, 4-11 in. long ;

spikes narrow, elongate, dense, 1-5 in. long in fruit; bracts

lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, more or less recurved at the apex,

pubescent, 14—2 lin. long ; calyx 1 lin. long, villous ; lobes subulate-

oblong, scareely a quarter as long as the tube; corolla-tube oblong,

$ lin. long; lobes oblong, minute, about a third as long as the tube ;

fruit ovoid, 3—1 lin. long. Thunb. Prodr.100, and Fl. Cap, ed.

Schult. 464; E. Meyer, Comm. 258, in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 98, 219, and in Linnea, xx. 201; Walp. Rep. iv. 152 ;

Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 16, evel. syn. (not of Mém. Selag.); Rolfe

in Journ, Linn. Soc. xx. 351.

Coast Recton: Malmesbury Div.; Moorrees Berg, near Hopefield, Bach-

mann, 1152! Paarl Div. ; near Paarl, 400-600 ft., Drege ! Tulbagh Div.; Ceres

Road, 900 ft., Schlechter, 9080! Tulbagh Waterfall, Cape Herb. ! Worcester

Div.; in fields at Roode Zand, Thunberg ! Swellendam Div.; Hassaquas Kloof,

Zeyher, 3578!

S. hirta, Choisy, in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genév. ii. ii. 107, is now referred to

S. quadrangularis, Choisy.

83. S. hamulosa (E. Meyer, Comm. 257) ; annual, much branched,

erect or somewhat decumbent, 23-31 in. high; branches puberulous ;

leaves opposite or subopposite, solitary, spathulate-lanceolate, sub-

obtuse, nearly glabrous, 3-8 lin. long; spikes oblong, rather lax,

6-12 lin. long; bracts lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, more or less

recurved towards the apex, puberulous, 1} lin. long; calyx * lin.

long, pubescent ; lobes triangular-oblong, subaeute, ciliate, shorter

than the tube; corolla-tube oblong, + lin. long; lobes oblong,

minute, subequal, scarcely'a quarter as long as the tube; fruit

ovoid, 1 lin. long. K. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 94, 219; Walp. Rep. iv. 152; Choisy in DC. Prod.

xii. 16.

WesteeaNn Recion: Little Namaqualand; among grasses at Hanzenkraals

River, 1500-2000 ft., Drege !

84. §. decumbens (Thunb. Prodr. 100); annual, often much

branched, diffuse or decumbent, 4-8 in. high ; branches pubescent ;

leaves solitary or somewhat fascicled, spathulate, or petiolate with an

ovate limb, subobtuse, denticulate or dentate, pubescent, 2-6 lin.

long; flowers arranged in short dense heads 3-5 lin. long, mostly

terminal ; bracts lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, pubescent, 11—2 lin.

long, the lower usually foliaceous ; calyx 1 lin. long, villous; lobes

linear-oblong, subobtuse, longer than the tube ; corolla-tube cblong,

1-12 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, unequal, scarcely half as long

as the tube; fruit ovoid-oblong, * lin. long. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 465; Rolfe in Journ. Linn, Soe. xx. 354. S. cordata, E.

Meyer, Comm. 257, and in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 55,

Selago. | SELAGINE& (Rolfe). 165

62, 69, 219; Walp. Rep. iv. 152; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 16 (not

of Thunb.).

CxentrRaL RecGion: Calvinia Div.; Hantam Mountains, Meyer! Beaufort

West Div.; Nieuweld Mountains, near Beaufort West, 3000-4000 ft., Drége!

Graaff Reinet Div.; in dry river channels near Zuure Plaats, 4000 ft., Drege !

WesteRN ReGion: Little Namaqualand; in rocky places on Roode Berg,

4500-5000 ft., Drége !

8. cordata, Thunb. Prodr. 100, is now referred to Phyllopodiwin heterophyllum,

Benth.

85. S. corrigioloides (Rolfe); annual, diffuse or procumbent,

much branched, 2—4 in. high; branches minutely puberulous; leaves

solitary or slightly fascicled, subspathulate-oblong, obtuse, nearly

glabrous, 2-5 lin. long; flowers arranged in short dense heads

2—4 lin. long ; heads terminal and lateral, numerous ; bracts ovate or

ovate-oblong, obtuse, puberulous, 1} lin. long, the lower sometimes

foliaceous ; calyx campanulate, puberulous, | lin. long ; lobes oblong,

subobtuse, ciliate, shorter than the tube ; corolla-tube oblong, 1 lin.

long ; lobes broadly oblong, unequal, nearly half as long as the

tube. ‘

CentrRaL Re@ion: Calvinia Div.; Hantam Mountains, Meyer! Fraserburg

Div. ; at Stink Fontein, Burchell, 1896! Sutherland Div.; near Sutherland,

between Jackals Fontein and Kuileuberg, Burchel/, 1335 !

86. §S. verbenacea (Linn. fil. Suppl. 285); annual, loosely

branched, erect, 1-3 ft. or more high; branches quadrangular,

glabrous or pubescent; leaves solitary or rarely with a few small

axillary leaves, usually lax, the lower opposite or nearly so, lanceo-

late, oblong or obovate, acute or apiculate, strongly and acutely

dentate, glabrons or pubescent, }-4 in. long; flowers arranged in

ample lax (rarely small compact) corymbs at the summit of the

branches, individual heads growing out ivto short spikes in fruit;

bracts linear or subulate, acute, minutely puberulous, 13~2 lin.

long; calyx 1-14 lin. long, minutely puberulous; lobes subulate or

linear, acute, unequal, about three to four times as long as the tube ;

corolla blue or white (Burchell); tube linear, 2-2} lin. long; lobes

broadly oblong, unequal, a third to half as long as the tnbe. Thunb.

Prodr. 100, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 464; Choisy, Mém. Selag. 38 ;

E. Meyer, Comm. 258, an? in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,

79, 81, 82, 84, 87, 99, 100, 101, 219; Walp. Rep. iv. 153; Choisy

in DC. Prod. xii. 17; Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 69 ; Krauss, Fl. Cap.

und Nutal. 133; Rolfe in Journ, Linn, Soc. xx. 350.

Soutn AFRIca: without precise locality, Thunberg! Masson! Nelson! and

cultivated specimens !

Coast Re@ion: Paarl Div.; in moist places, among shrubs, by the Berg

River, 400 ft., Drége / between Paarl and French Hoek, 500 ft., Drége /in

shady places on Paarl Mountains, 900-1500 ft., Drége ! Bolus, 4612 B! Draken-

stein Mountains, near the waterfall, at 2000 ft., Drege! Paurl, Alerander!

klliott ! Worcester Div.; Bains Kloof, Rehmann, 2295! Dutoits Kloof, 1500-

3000 ft., Drege! Bolus, 5217 B/ mountains above Worcester, Rehmann, 2482!

Caledon Diy.; Caledon Baths, Pappe/ movntains near Klein River, Cape

Herb. ! between Donker Hoek and Houw Hoek Mountains, Burehell, 8023!

M 2

164 SELAGINE (Rolfe). [Selago.

in stony places near Hangklip, 1000 ft., Krauss, 1107, Vogelgat, 300 ft.,

Schlechter, 9527! Swellendam Div.; between Grootvaders Bosch and Zuur-

braak, Burchell, 7262! and without precise locality, Bowie! George Div. ;

withont precise locality, Bowie! Riversdale Div. ; moist places on the lower part

of the Lange Bergen, near Kampsche Berg, Burchell, 7014!

87. S. serrata (Berg. PI. Cap. 159); perennial, much branched,

1-2 ft. or more high; branches stout, somewhat angular, glabrous ;

leaves solitary but usually crowded, cuneate-obovate, oblong or

lanceolate, obtuse or subacute, serrate, crenulate or dentate, glabrous,

1-1 in. long; flowers aggregated into dense corymbs 1-5 in. broad at

the summit of the branches; bracts linear or linear-lanceolate,

acuminate, glabrous or nearly so, 13-3 lin. long; calyx about 1} lin.

long, minutely puberulous; lobes subulate, slightly broader at the

base, unequal, about twice to four times as long as the tube ; corolla

crimson, purple or lilac; tube linear, 3-4 lin. long; lobes broadly

oblong or rounded, unequal, about a third as long as the tube ; fruit

oblong, 1 lin. long. Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc, xx. 347. S.

fasciculata, Linn. Mant. 250; Jacq. Ic. ii. 7, t. 496; Gertn. De

Fruct. i. 239, t. 51, fig. 6; Lam. Ill. t. 521, fig. 2; Thunb. Prodr.

100, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 464; Choisy, Mém. Selag. 37;

Bot. Reg. t. 184; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1423; EB. Meyer, Comm. 259,

excl. var. and syn., and in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,

73, 82, 88, 109, 219; Walp. Rep. iv. 154, excl. var. hirta; Choisy

in DC. Prod, xii. 15; Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 69; Krauss, Fl. Cap.

und Natal. 133; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 348. 8. lanceolata,

Choisy in DC. Prod. xii, 15,

Sour Arrica: without precise locality, Banks and Solander! Forsyth!

Grey ! Hooker! Masson! Oldenburgh! and cultivated specimens !

Coast Recton: Clanwilliam Div.; between Berg Vuallei and Lange Vallei,

near Zwartbast Kraal, 800 ft., Drege! near Honig Vallei, at 3000 ft., Drege /

Cupe Div.; Table Mountain, 1000-3500 ft., Thunberg ! Ecklon, 61! Bowie ?

Burchell, 520! MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm, Afr. Aust., 289! Drége!

Boers Mountain, Wallich, 347! Cape Town, at Stinkwater, Rehimann, 1236!

near Cape Town, Harvey! Muizen Berg, 1500 fr., Bolus, 4535! Klaasjagers

Berg, Wolley Dod, 293! False Bay, Robertson! Tulbagh Div.; Witsen Berg,

Cape Herb.! Worcester Div.; Dutoits Kloof, near Uitkyk, 3000-4000 ft.,

Drége. Bredasdorp Div. ? Elands Kloof, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 9752! Caledon

Div. ; Lowrvs lass, 2000 ft., Schlechter, 7235! Baviaanns Kloof, near Genadendal,

Burchell, 7878! Krauss, 1102, Genadendal, Roser! Kuysna Div.; Plettenberg

Bay, Bowie /

S. fasciculata, var. hirta, E. Meyer, is now referred to the following species.

88. S. quadrangularis (Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 15); perennial,

much branched, 1-2 ft. or more high; branches somewhat quad-

rangular, villous; leaves solitary or somewhat fascicled, usually

crowded, cuneate-obovate, often much narrowed at the base, crenate

or dentate, pubescent, 1-13 in. long; flowers aggregated in dense

corymbs 1-5 in. broad at the summit of the branches; bracts linear

or subulate, acute, glabrous or nearly so, 1}-2} lin. long; calyx

14-2 lin. long, minutely puberulous ; lobes subulate, slightly broader

at thé base, unequal, about twiee to three times as long as the tube ;

corolla pale pink (Galpin); tube linear, 2 lin. long; lobes broadly

Selago.| SELAGINEE (Rolfe). 165

oblong, unequal, about a quarter as long as the tube; fruit oblong,

1 lin. long. SS. hirta, Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Glenév. ii. ii. 107,

and in Mém. Selag. 37, not of Linn. fil. S. fasciculata, var. B

hirta, E. Meyer, Comm. 259, and in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 77, 88, 219; Rolfe in Jowrn. Linn. Soc. xx. 351. 8,

decuinbens, Choisy in DU. Prod. xii. 18, not of Thunb.

Soura AFRICA: without precise locality, Forster! Roxburgh! Bergius!

Coast Reeion: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, 1500-3500 ft., Drege! Mae-

Gillivray, 654! 655! Ecklon, 734! Galpin, 4416! Bolus, 4503! a Harvey,

36! Table and Devils Mountains, Zeyher, 3572! Newlauds, near Deyils Peak,

Wilms, 3516! Constantia Berg, Wolley Dod, 1916! “ around the Cape,” Milne,

1z4! Tulbagh Div. ; rugged places, New Kioof, 15,0-2000 tt., Dréye!

89. S. Burmanni (Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genév. ii, ii. 108) ;

annual, branched chiefly at the base, erect, }—% ft. high; branches

minutely puberulous ; leaves mostly solitary, somewhat crowded,

lanceolate, acute, dentate or denticulate, glabrous or nearly so,

3-9 lin. long; flowers aggregated in dense corymbs 1-3 in. broad at

the summit of the branches; bracts linear or lanceolate-linear,

acute, glabrous or minutely puberulous, 1}—2 lin. long; calyx

1-11 lin. long, minutely puberulous ; lobes linear or subulate, four

to five times as long as the tube ; corolla-tube linear, 2-2} lin. long ;

lobes broadly oblong, very unequal, from half to nearly as long as

the tube. Choisy, Mém. Selag. 38, and in DC. Prod, xii. 15. 8,

arguta, E. Meyer, Comm. 260, and in Dreye, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 71 (‘argentea”’ by error), 219; Walp. Rep. iv. 155.

Soutu AFRICA: without precise locality, Burmann (ev Choisy).

Coast Region: Vanhyusdorp Div.; in a vailey on Gift Berg, at 1500 ft.,

Drége! ‘

90. S. spuria (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 629) ; perennial or annual,

branched chiefly at the base, erect, 1? ft. high ; branches puberu-

lous or glabrous ; leaves solitary or slightly fascicled, crowded near

the base, linear or lanceolate-linear, subacute, acutely dentate in the

upper part, glabrous or rarely pubescent, 7-H in, long ; heads

roundish when young, elongating into spikes in fruit, numerous,

and aggregated into dense corymbs 3-5 in. broad at the summit of

the branches; bracts linear or lanceolate-linear, subacute, glabrous,

11-3 lin. long; calyx 1}-2 lin. long, glabrous ; lobes linear or

subulate, subacute, very unequal, three to four times as long as the

tube ; corolla purple, lilac or white ; tube linear or filiform, 2-4 lin,

long ; lobes broadly oblong, very unequal, two to three times shorter

than the tube; fruit oblong, 1 lin. long. Lann. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 877;

Thunb. Prodr. 99, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 463 ; Choisy, Mém. Selag.

36; E. Meyer, Comm. 260, and in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 71, 74, 78, 81, 87, 101, 106, 118, 219; Walp. Rep. iv.

156; Choisy in DOC. Prod. xii. 14; Hochst. in Hlora, 1845, 69;

Krauss, Fl. Cap. und Natal. 133; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx,

342. 8. rapunculoides, Linn. Amen. Acad. iv. 319; Thunb. Prodr,

99 and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 463; Choisy, Mém. Selag. 35; £,

166 SELAGINEX (Rolfe). [ Selago.

Meyer, Comm, 260. and in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Decumente,

76, 77, 119, 219; Walp. Rep. vi. 156; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii.

14; Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 69; Krauss, Fl. Cap. und Natal. 133;

Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 344. SS. coccinea, Linn. Amen.

Acad, vi. 89; Choisy, Mém, Selag. 36; E. Meyer, Comm. 261,

and in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Ducumente, 81, 83, 98, 101, 219;

Walp. Rep. iv. 157; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 14; Hochst. in Flora,

1845, 69; Krauss, Fl. Cap. und Natal. 133; Rolfe in Journ. Linn.

Soc. xx. 344. 8S. heterophylla, Thunb. Prudr. 99, and Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult, 463 (not of FE. Meyer); Rolfe in Journ. Linn, Soe. xx. 353.

S. pallida, Salisb. Prodr.93. S. pulehella, Salish. Prodr. 93. 8.

dentat1, Poir. Eneycl. vii. 57. S. fulvomaculata, Link, Enum. Hort.

Berol. ii. 123; Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 746. S. teretifolia, Link,

Enum. Hort. Berol. ii. 124; Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 746 (not of

Walp.). 8S. densifolia, Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 69. 8S. spicata,

Hochst. ex Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 14.—Burm. Rar. Afr. Pl.

115, t. 42, jig. 1, 3.

Souty AFRIcA: without precise locality, Thunberg! Masson! Roxburgh!

Nelson ! Oldenburgh ! Bunbury! Forster! Grey! Sieber, 185! Thom, 761!

Villet ! Zeyher, 1886! 1387! Harvey, 249! 394! Miss Cole! Niven!

Coast Region: Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; Gift Berg, 1500-2000 ft., Drége ! Clan-

william Div. ; Ceder Bergen, 2000-3000 ft., Dreye. Piquetberg Div ; on the

top of Piquet Berg, 2000 ft., Drége. Malmesbury Div.; Hopefield, Bachmann,

1602! Cape Div.; near Cape Town, Burchell, 462! Cape Flats, Harvey !

Krauss, 1096! Table Mountain, Burchell, 587! Ecklon, 736! Brown, 198!

MueGillwray, 652! Milne, 123! Simons Bay, MacGillivray, 653! Wright, 513!

Van Camps Bay, Burchell, 321! False Bay, Robertson! road to Constantia,

Wallich! Wynberg, Wallich! Banks and Solander! Drege! Vyges Kraal,

Wolley Dod, 427! Klaver Vley, Wolley Dod, 1981! near Durban Road Station,

100 ft., Bolws, 8865! Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountains, 1500 ft., Drége! in sandy

places at French Hoek, 500 {t., Drége! plain by the Berg River, near Paarl,

400 ft., Drége! between Paarl aud Lady Grey Railway Bridge, Drege. Tulbagh

Div. ; in moist mountainons places between New Kloof and Tulbagh Waterfall,

1000-1500 ft., Drége ! New Kloof Mountains, 1000 ft., Drege! Keklon §° Zeyher!

Great Winter Hoek, 1000-1500 ft., Dréye ! Pappe! Tulbagh Waterfall, 1200 tt.,

Pappe! Schlechter, 9054! Worcester Div.; Dutoits Kloof, 2000-8000 ft.,

Drége! Drakenstein Mountains, at 2000-3000 ft., Drége! Breede River, 800 ft.,

Drége! Stellenbosch Div.; near Sowerset, Ecklon 8° Zeyher, 37! mountain sides,

Hottentots Holland, Krauss, 1098, and between Hotteutots Holland and Houw

Hoek, Krauss, 1097; Caledon Div.; stony hill, near Ganze Kraal, Burchell,

7561! Baviaans Kloof, near Genadendal, Burchell, 7837! Donker Hoek and

Ezelsjagt Mountains, 1500-2000 ft., Drége, Zwarte Berg, Thom, 635 ! Genadendal,

Roser ! on hills at Grietjes Gat, uear Palmiet River, Bolus, 4184! Swelleudam

Div.; on mountain ridges along the lower part of the Zonder Hinde River,

Eckion § Zeyher! plains of Swellendam, Bowie! Riversdale Div.; between

Little Vet River and Kampsche Berg, Burchell, 6888! George Div. ; Wolf Drift,

Malgat River, Burchell, 6120! near the Great Brak River, 350 ft., Young in

polliay Bolus, 5529! Cradock Berg, 800 ft., Galpin, 4410! plains of George,

owie !

A very common and polymorphic plant, which is usually divided into three

species by authors, though [ cannot find a single character by which to sub-

divide it.

91. S. guttata (E. Meyer, Comm. 259) ; annual, branched chiefly

at. the base, about 1 ft. high; branches glabrous or nearly so; leaves

Selago. | SELAGINES (Rolfe). 167

lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute, strongly and acutely dentate,

glabrous or nearly so, 3-6 lin. long; flowers aggregated in dense

corymbose heads 3-12 in. broad at the summit of the branches;

bracts linear-laneeolate, acute, glabrous, 1} lin. long; calyx 1 lin.

long, glabrous ; lobes linear or subulate, acute, three to four times as

long as the tube; corolla-tube linear, 14 lin. long; lobes broadly

oblong, three to four times as long as the tube; fruit oblong, } lin.

long. EH. Meyer in Dréye, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 75, 219 ;

Walp. Rep. iv. 154; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 16,

Coast Reaton: Clanwilliam Div.; rocky places on the Cederberg Range

near Kzelsbank, 4000-5000 ft., Drége! South Kloof, on descent from Sneeuw

Kop, Wallich !

92. S. incisa (Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 69); annual, chiefly

branched at the somewhat decumbent base, about ¢ ft. hign ;

branches somewhat angular, glabrous or somewhat pubescent ;

leaves oblong-lanceolate or cuueate-vblovg, acute, strongly and

acutely dentate, narrowed at the base, glabrous or slightly pubescent,

the lower subspathulate, 2-8 lin. long; spikes oblong, up to 1 im.

long, sometimes three to six arranged in a lax corymb at the summit

of the branches; bracts linear or lanceolate-linear, acute, glabrous or

minutely puberulous, 1-14 lin. long; calyx 1 lin, long, glabrous or

minutely puberulous ; lobes linear, acute, three to four times as long

as the tube ; corulla white (Bolus) ; tube linear, 1} lin. long; lobes

broadly oblong, unequal, about a quarter as long as the tube.

Krauss, Beitr. Fl. Cap. und Natal. 133; Choisy in DC. Prod.

xb 17:

Coast Recion: Caledon Div.; mountain slopes behind Genadendal, 2750 ft,

MacOwan § Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 678! sides of Baviaans Kloof,

Krauss, 1103!

93. S. ascendens (E. Meyer, Comm. 259); annual, more or less

decumbent at the base, much branched, 3-1 ft. high; branches

pubescent or puberulous; leaves cuneate-obovate or elliptic-lanceo-

late, acute or apiculate, strongly and acutely dentate, narrowed at

the base, puberulous or pubescent, 2-9 lin. long ; spikes oblong, up

to 1 in. long in fruit, sometimes aggregated in small corymbs ; bracts

linear or lanceolate-linear, acute, sometimes with a pair of acute

teeth near the apex, villous or nearly glabrous, 13-2 lin. long;

ealyx 12-11 lin. Jong, villous or nearly glabrous; teeth linear or

subulate, acute, three to four times as long as the tube ; corolla

purple (Bolus); tube linear, 2}—3 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong,

unequal, about a third as long as the tube ; fruit narrowly oblong,

1 lin. long. Z. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pjflanzengeogr. Documente,

82, 219; Walp. Rep. iv. 154; Choisy in DC. Prod, xii. 17.

Coast Rreion: Worcester Div, ; rocky mountainous places in Dutoits Kloof,

between Uitkyk and Slang Hoek, 4000 ft., Drége!

Cenrrat Rxeelon: Ceres Div. ; in stony shady places on the Skurfle Berg,

near Gydouw, 4800 ft., Bolus, 7555! Cold Bokkeveld, near Gvdonw, 5000 ft.,

Schlechter, 10007!

168 SELAGINE® (Rolfe). | Selago.

94. S. humilis (Rolfe) ; annual (?), decumbent, branched ehiefly at

the base, 2-6 in. high ; branches with pubescence chiefly in decurrent

lines from the leaf-bases ; leaves usually solitary, crowded, oblong-

lanceolate, elliptical, or the lower subspathulate, acute or subobtuse,

dentate or sometimes nearly entire, puberulous or nearly glabrous, ©

2-8 lin. long; spikes roundish or oblong, dense, 4—9 lin. long;

bracts lanceolate, subacute, slightly ciliate, 2-21 lin. long; calyx

13 lin. long, minutely puberulous; lobes subulate or linear, sub-

obtuse, about twice as long as the tube; corolla-tube linear-oblong,

13-2 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, subequal, about three or four

times shorter than the tube ; fruit oblong, 1 lin. long.

Centrat ReGton: Ceres Div.; Cold Bokkeveld, K yn Vley, 6000 ft.,

Schiechter, 10205!

95. S. Mundii (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 1-1} ft. or more

high; branches canescent or minutely puberulous; leaves not

fascicled, lax or somewhat crowded, spreading, linear, subacute,

glaucous or very minutely canescent, 23-4 lin. long ; spikes broadly

oblong, subcapitate when young, dense, up to 2 in. long; bracts

linear, subobtuse, minutely puberulous, 2-22 lin. long; calyx 12 lin.

long, minutely puberulous; lobes subulate-linear, acute, ciliate,

nearly twice as long as the tube ; corolla white (MacOwan) ; tube

linear, 3-4 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, unequal, a third to half

as long as the tube; fruit 1-14 lin. long.

Soutn Arrica : without precise locality, Mund & Maire!

Coast Reeion : Tulbagh Div.; in stony places on the sides of New Kloof,

900-1000 ft., MacOwan, 2913! MacOwan, Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1938! Tulbagh

Waterfall, 1000-2000 ft., Heklon § Zeyher, 31! slopes of Winterhoek Berg,

near Tulbagh, 1200 ft., Bolus, 5215!

96. S. diffusa (Thunb. Prodr. 99); perennial, much branched,

about 1 ft. high; branches more or less diffuse, very minutely

puberulous ; leaves not fascicled, numerous, somewhat lax, spreading

or recurved, linear, subobtuse, canescent or minutely puberulous ;

spikes oblong or nearly capitate when young, rather lax, up to 2 in.

long ; bracts oblong-lanceolate, subacute, 14-2 lin. long ; ealyx 12 lin.

long, puberulous ; lobes oblong, subobtuse, ciliate, about as long as

the tube; corolla-tube oblong, 2 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong,

subequal, about a third as long as the tube, Thunb. FI. Cap. ed.

Schult. 461, not of Choisy ; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soe. xx. 352.

Soutn Arrica: without precise locality, Masson /

Coast ReGion: Malmesbury Div.; Saldanha Bay, Thwnberg /

8S. diffusa, Choisy, is now referred to Walafrida Kraussii, Rolfe.

97. 8. fruticosa (Linn. Mant. 87); perennial, much branched,

1-1} ft. high ; branches minutely puberulous, more or less divarieate ;

leaves not fascicled, imbricate or somewhat spreading, linear or

oblong, obtuse, canescent or puberulous, 1-3 lin. long ; spikes broad,

oblong, }—1} lin. long ; bracts lanceolate-linear, subacute, puberulous

or pubescent, 2-3 lin. long; calyx 1-14 lin. long, pubescent; lobes

Selugo.] SELAGINEEX (Rolfe). 169

linear-oblong, subacute, strongly ciliate, rather longer than the tube ;

corolla white (Burchell, Galpin), or purple (Bolus); tube linear or

oblong-linear, 2-3 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, about a third to a

quarter as long as the tube; fruit oblong, 1 lin. long. Rolfe in

Journ, Linn. Soc. xx. 347, not of other authors. S. sp., Drége in

Linnea, xx. 201. 8S. recurva, Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 19 partly, not

of E. Meyer.

Soutn AFrRIca: without precise locality, Masson! Mund! Thom, 29! 662!

Coast ReGion: Malmesbury Div.; near Groene Kloof (Mamre), 300 ft.,

Bolus, 4319! Caledon Div.; in clay soil near Caledon, 800 ft., MacOwan and

Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 677! Zwarte Berg, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 10362!

Swellendam Div. ; on a carroo-like plain below Voormans Bosch, Zeyher, 3570!

Mossel Bay Div, ; between Mossel Bay and Zout River, Burchell, 6335! Klein

Berg, 800 ft., Galpin, 4414! Kuysna Div.; Plettenberg Bay, Bowie! Albany

Div.; without precise locality, Bowie! Fort Beaufort Div.; on hills by the Kat

River, Cape Herb. !

This species has been much confused by authors.

98. §. diosmoides (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, + ft. high ;

branches minutely puberulous; leaves not fascicled, somewhat

adpressed to the stem and imbricate, linear, obtuse, hispidulous, 1 lin.

long; heads roundish or ovoid, about 5 lin. long; bracts linear,

subobtuse, hispidulous, 1}-2 lin. long; ealyx 14 lin. long, very

minutely puberulous ; lobes triangular, subobtuse, ciliate, about half

as long as the tube; corolla-tube linear-oblong, 2 lin. long ; lobes

broadly oblong, a third to half as long as the tube; fruit ovoid,

1 lin. long.

Coast Recion: Swellendam Div.; Swellendam, Ecklon § Zeyher! George

Div.; Gauritz River, Ecklon & Zeyher!

99. S. fruticulosa (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, 3-11 ft.

high ; branches more or less divaricate, minutely puberulous ; leaves

not fascicled, mostly spreading or reflexed at the apex, somewhat

crowded, oblong-linear, obtuse, canescent or minutely puberulous,

$_]1 lin. long; spikes broad, short or oblong, }—} in. long, dense ;

bracts lanceolate-linear, obtuse and often somewhat recurved at the

apex, hispidulous or puberulous, about 13-2 lin. long; calyx 1 lin.

long, pubescent; lobes oblong, subobtuse, ciliate, about as long as the

tube; corolla-tube linear, about 2 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong,

unequal, about a third as long as the tube. S. triquetra, E. Meyer,

Comm. 254, not of Thunb. ; Walp. Rep. iv. 150 ; Choisy in DC. Prod.

xii. 11 partly ; Rolfe in Journ. Linn, Soc. xx. 350 partly.

Sourn AFRICA: without precise locality, Masson! Drége! Thom, 437! 584!

Miss Cole! Ecklon 5 Zeyher!

Baye Rceatad fh uate Div. ; Hopefield, Bachmann, 104! 142! 1603!

between Blauw Berg and Groene Kloof, Cape Herb. / Cape Div. ; sides of Devils

Mountain, Pappe!/ hills near Cape Town, 500 ft., Bolus, 4530! Harvey, 600!

slopes of Lion Mountain, 250 ft., Bolus, 2893! Wolley Dod, 3097! 30J7a!

Schlechter, 971! Paarl Div., Elliott! Worcester Div.; Drakenstein Mountains

Rehmann, 2254! mountains above Worcester, Tyson in MacOwan Herb., 2923!

Caledon Div.; Caledon, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 7596!

- This species has hitherto been confused with n. 103, S, triquetra, Linn. fil.

170 SELAGINE# (Rolfe). [ Selago.

100. S. ramosissima (Rolfe); perennial, profusely branched,

4-9 in. high; branches minutely puberulous; leaves not fascicled,

ecowded, imbricate, more or less adpressed to the branches, oblong,

obtuse, hispidulous, 3-1 lin. long; heads roundish or shortly oblong,

dense, 5-6 lin. long; bracts oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, hispidulous

and ciliate, 1-14 lin. long; ealyx 1-14 lin. long, closely villous;

lobes oblong, obtuse, ciliate, nearly as long as the tube; corolla

white (Galpin); tube linear-oblong, 11 lin. long ; lobes broadly

oblong, unequal, about half as long as the tube. S. ericina,

Drége in Linnea, xx. 201; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 12, not of

EE. Meyer.

Coast ReEGion: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, 500 ft., Schlechter, 160!

Bredasdorp Div.; Zeekve Vley, 100 ft., Schlechter, 10546! Swellendam Div. ;

on mountain ridges along the lower part of the River Zonder Einde, Zeyher,

3573! on dry hills near the eastern bank of the Breede River, Burchell, 7479 !

Mossel Bay Div. ; near Great Brak River, 300 ft., Galpin, 4415!

S. ericina, E. Meyer, is now referred to 8. triquetra, Linn. fil,

101. §. Morrisii (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, 3-1 ft.

high ; branches minutely puberulous, more or less divaricate ; leaves

not fascicled, more or less adpressed to the branches and imbricate,

oblong-linear, obtuse, minutely puberulous, 3—% lin, long; spikes

broad, ovoid-oblong, dense, 4-7 lin. long; bracts lanceolate-linear,

subacute, not recurved at the apex, hispidulous, strongly ciliate below

the middle, 14-12 lin. long; calyx 1 lin. long, pubescent; lobes

oblong, obtuse, strongly ciliate, rather shorter than the tube ; corolla-

tube linear-oblong, 1-14-lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, subequal,

about a third as long as the tube.

WesveRNn ReGion: Namaqualand; without precise locality, Morris in Herb.

Bolus, 5750!

102. S. lamprocarpa (Schlechter) ; perennial, much branched,

about 1 ft. high; branches pubescent or hispidulous; leaves not

fascicled, erowded, somewhat spreading, lancevlate-linear, subobtuse,

hispidulous or minutely puberulous ; spikes short or oblong, dense,

4-% In. long; bracts ovate-oblong, subobtuse, hispidulous, slightly

ciliate at the base, 1} lin. long; calyx 1 lin. long, villous; lobes

triangular-oblong, subacute, rather shorter than the tube ; corolla-

tube oblong, 1} lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, unequal, rather more

than half as long as the tube.

Var. 8, major (Schlechter) ; leaves rather larger ; spikes bearing fewer and

much larger flowers ; bracts 24 lin. long ; calyx 14 lin. long; corolla-tube 24 lin.

long; fruit ovoid-oblong, 14-14 lin. long.

Cunt RAt Keaion: Ceres Div.; Cold Bokkeveld, on Gydouw Berg, 6000 ft.,

Schlechter, 10047! Var. major: Ceres Div. ; Cold Bokkeveld, on ‘Tatel Berg,

200 ft., Schlechter, 10093 !

The difference in the size of the flowers in the two forms is remarkable, but

they agree well in other respects.

103. 8. triquetra (Linn. fil. Suppl. 284); perennial, much

branched, }-1 ft. high ; branches puberulous; leaves not fascicled,

Selago.] SELAGINE& (Rolfe). 171

crowded and somewhat spreading, oblong-linear, obtuse, canescent or

minutely puberulous, $—12 lin. long ; spikes narrow, oblong or some-

what elongated, dense or somewhat lax, 1-13 in. long; bracts

lanceolate-linear, subobtuse, puberulous or hispidulous, ciliate near

the base, 1; lin. long; calyx 1 lin. long, pubescent; lobes oblong,

obtuse, ciliate, rather longer than the tube; corolla-tube oblong,

4-1} lin. long; lobes broadly oblung, unequal, about a third as

long as the tube. Thunb. Prodr. 99, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 461;

Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 350 partly, not of E. Meyer nor

Choisy. 8. ericina, EZ. Meyer, Comm. 254, not of Choisy.

Sour Arrica: without precise locality, Thunderg! Masson! Roxburgh!

Thom, 341!

Coast Reeion : Worcester Div.; mountains near Worcester, 800 ft., Tyson in

MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust-Afr., 970! and in Herb. MacOwan,

2922! Albany Div.; road-sides near Zondagh (Sunday) River, Bowie /

Wesrern Reoion: Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; Bokkeveld Berg, Schenck !

A much confused species, which I had previously failed to distinguish from

the plant called 8. triquetra by E. Meyer and Choisy, The latter is now called

S. fruticulosa, Rolfe.

104, S. nigrescens (Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx 352). perennial,

much branched, 1-11 ft. high; branches erect, minutely puberulous ;

leaves not fascicled, somewhat lax, not spreading, linear, subobtuse,

somewhat keeled, hispidulous ; spikes oblong, rather dense, 1-2 in.

long; bracts linear-lanceolate, subacute, ciliate, 14 lin. long; calyx

4-1 lin. long, pubescent; lobes linear, subacute, ciliate, unequal,

about as long as the tube; corolla-tube linear-oblong, 14-2 lin.

long ; lubes broadly oblong, subequal, about a third as long as the

tube.

SoutH AFRICA: without precise locality, Thunberg !

Only known from the original specimen in Thunberg’s Herbarium which is

labelled ‘* Selago diffusa,” (sheet y), though it apparently has nothing to do with

the description of that species. The leaves turn black in drying.

‘105. 8. aspera (Choisy in DOC. Prod. xii. 12); perennial, much

branched, 3-1 ft. or more high; branches canescent or minutely

puberulous ; leaves not fascicled, numerous and crowded, linear, sub-

obtuse, canescent, 1-3 lin. Jong; spikes oblong, dense, }—2 in. long ;

bracts linear, subacute, puberulous, ciliate, 1}-2 lin. long; calyx

1-1} lin. long, villous; lobes triangular-oblong, subacute, ciliate,

nearly as long as the tube; corolla-tube linear-oblong, 2 lin,

long ; lobes broadly oblong, subequal, about a third as Jong as the

tube,

Coast Recion: Caledon Div.; Caledon, Cape Herb.! Swellendam Div. ;

between Kochmans Kloof and Gauritz River, Ecklon § Zeyher / Bathurst Div. ;

Port Alfred, Souta! Div. ?; “calcareous hills behind Kaos River,” Cape Herb. !

106. S. Thomii (Rolfe) ; perennial, much branched, }—1} ft. high ;

branches very minutely puberulous ; leaves not fascicled, somewhat

crowded, linear, subobtuse, keeled, hispidulous, 1-2 lin. long ; spikes

oblong, dense, 3-% in, long; bracts linear, subacute, hispidulous,

a2 . SELAGINE® (Rolfe). [ Selago.

2 lin. long; calyx 1-14 lin. long, puberulous; lobes oblong, sub-

obtuse, slightly ciliate, shorter than the tube; corolla white

(Burchell) ; tube linear-oblong, 2 lin. long; lobes broadly oblony,

subequal, about a third as lung as the tube.

Soutn ArFrica: without precise locality, Thom, 66! 307!

Coast Re@ion: Riversdale Div.; between Gauritz River and Great Vals

River, Burchell, 6522! Riversdale, Rust, 161!

The leaves turn black in drying.

107. S. elata (Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 12); perennial, much

branched, 4-1 ft. or more high; branches puberulous ; leaves not

fascicled, numerous and crowded, linear, subacute, hispidulous,

2-5 lin. long ; spikes oblong, dense, }—-13 in. long; bracts oblong-

lanceolate, subacute, somewhat villous and strongly ciliate, 2 lin.

long; calyx 1—14 lin. long, villous; lobes oblong, subobtuse, strongly

ciliate, about as long as the tube; corolla-tube linear-oblong,

2-21 lin. long ; lubes broadly oblong, subequal, about a third as long

as the tube.

SoutH AFrica: without precise locality, Mund and Maire!

Coast ReGion: Swellendam Div.; at Hassaquas Kloof, near the Breede.

River, Zeyher, 3550!

108. S. spinea (Link, Enum. Pi. Hort. Berol. ii. 123); perennial,

much branched, 3—% ft. or more high; branches puberulous; leaves

not fascicled, crowded, linear, subobtuse, hispidulous, 3-5 lin. long ;

spikes oblong, dense, }—* in. long ; bracts lanceolate, acute, puberu-

lous and strongly ciliate, 1}—2 lin. long; ealyx 1 lin. long, villous ;

lobes oblong, obtuse, strongly ciliate, rather shorter than the tube;

corolla-tube linear-oblong, 2 lin. long ; lobes broadly oblong, subequal,

about a third as long.as the tube. Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 12. S.

pinea, E. Meyer, Comm. 255, and in Drtge, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 119, 219; Walp. Rep. iv. 151.

Coast Reaton: Tulbagh Div.; hills near Roode Zand, 500-1000 ft., Drége!

on Witsen Berg, near Tulbagh, Burchell, 8706 !

109. S. eckloniana (Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 13); perennial,

much branched, 1 ft. or more high; branches minutely puberulous ;

leaves not fascicled, numerous and crowded, spreading and somewhat

recurved near the apex, linear, acute, minutely puberulous or

hispidulous, 3-4 lin. long; spikes oblong, dense, i—22 lin. long;

bracts lanceolate, acute, villous and strongly ciliate, 2-21 lin. long ;

calyx 1 lin. long, villous; lobes oblong, obtuse, ciliate, shorter than

the tube ; corolla-tube linear-oblony, 2-23 lin, long; lobes broadly

oblong, about a third as long as the tube. 8S. pinea, Drege in

Linnea, xx. 201, not of Link,

Coast Recton: Swellendam Div.; on hills at Hassaquas Kloof, near the

Brede River, Zeyher, 8551!

110. S. glutinosa (E. Meyer, Comm. 255); perennial, much

branched, 3-13 ft. high; branches puberulous; leaves not fascicled,

Selago. | SELAGINE® (Rolfe), 173

densely erowded, more or less spreading, linear, subacute, hispidulous

or puberulous, 3-7 lin. long; spikes oblong, dense, 1-2 lin, long ;

bracts linear, subacute, pubescent or villous, 1}-2} lin. long; calyx

11-2 lin. long, densely villous; lobes narrowly triangular, acute,

rather shorter than the tube; corolla-tube oblong, 24 lin. long ;

lobes broadly oblong, about half as long as the tube. EH. Meyer in

Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 68, 69, 73, 219; Walp.

Rep. iv. 151; Choisy in DOC. Prod. xii. 13.

Coast Reeton: Clanwilliam Div. ; Ceder Bergen, between Blue Berg and

Honig Vallei, 2000-3000 ft., Drége! Elephants River and near Brak Fontein,

Ecklon § Zeyher ! mountain slopes at Wupperthal, 1800 ft., MacOwan, Herb.

Aust.-Afr., 1940! 8216! Kers Kop, near Wupperthal, 8000 ft., Schlechter,

8790! Worcester Div.; Hex River Valley, on Groote Tafel Berg, Relmann,

2763!

WesteRN Recion: Little Namaqualand; on rocks at Roode Rerg and

Moidderfonteins Berg, 3500-4000 ft., Drége ! and without precise locality, Morris

in Herb. Bolus, 5751! Zeyher, 3553 !

111. S. hispida (Linn. fil. Suppl. 284) ; perennial, much branched,

1-1 ft. or more high; branches pubescent; leaves not fascicled,

numerous and crowded, spreading or recurved, linear, subacute,

hispidulous or pubescent, 11-2 lin. long; spikes oblong, dense,

4-11 lin, long; bracts linear, subacute, pubescent or hispid, 14-2 lin.

long ; calyx 1-14 lin. long, villous; lobes triangular-oblong, subacute,

rather shorter than the tube; corolla-tube linear-oblong, 2} lin.

long; lobes broadly oblong, subequal, about a third as long as the

tube. Thunb. Prodr. 99. and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 461; Choisy,

Mém. Selag. 32, and in DC. Prod. xii. 10 partly; Rolfe in Journ.

Linn. Soe. xx. 350.

Sour AFRICA: without precise locality, Thunberg! Masson?

Choisy in his later monograph confounded this species with 3 stricta, Berg., a

very different plant, which again has been confused with 8. paniculata, Thunb.,

(now Walafrida paniculata, Rolfe) and 8. tephrodes, E. Meyer.

112. §. curvifolia (Rolfe); perennial, much branched, 1 ft. or

more high ; branches minutely puberulous ; leaves not fascicled,

numerous and crowded, spreading and more or less recurved, linear,

subacute, hispidulous or minutely puberulous, 13-2 lin. long; spikes

oblong, dense, }-1 in. long; bracts linear, subobtuse, hispidulous,

12 lin, long; calyx 1 lin. long, shortly pubescent ; lobes oblong,

obtuse, somewhat ciliate, about as long as the tube; corolla-tube

oblong, 14 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, subequal, about half as

long as the tube; fruit ovoid, 1 lin. long. pe

SourH AFRICA : without precise locality, Thom, 327! ‘

Coast ReGion: Worcester Div.; Hex River Vulley on Groote Tafel Berg,

Rehmann, 2759!

Imperfectly known species.

113. 8. abietina (Burm. fil. Fl. Cap. Prod. 17); stems prostrate,

naked; branches simple, leafy; leaves imbricate, very minute ;

spikes capitate, sessile.

174 SELAGINER (Rolfe). [Selago.

Souts AFRICA: without precise locality, Burmann.

This species probably belongs to the section Evicoidee, but the description is

totally inadequate to determine its affinity.

114. S. teucriifolia (Burm. fil. Fl. Cap. Prodr, 17); branched ;

leaves ovate, serrate ; flowers terminal, sessile.

SourTH AFRICA: without precise locality, Burmann.

This may be either S. serrata, Berg., or an allied species, or may not

belong to the genus at all, for some of Burmann’s species ure now transferred

elsewhere.

115. S. Walpersii (Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 20); stems suberect ;

branches terete, glabrous; leaves tascicled, sessile, 2 lin. or slightly

more long ; corolla white, becoming rose-coloured when dried ; tube

3 lin. long, somewhat curved; fruit as in S. ascendens, E. Meyer.

S. teretifolia, Walp. Rep. iv. 154, not of Link.

SoutH ArRica: without precise locality ; described from cultivated specimens,

This should belong to the section Spuwrie according to the position assigned to

it by Walpers, but the fascicled leaves would exclude it, and its affinity remains

quite doubtful.

116. S. spuria (Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 391, not of Linn.) ; a small

erect shrub; branches slender; leaves apparently seldom (if at all)

fascicled, linear, entire, 2-31 lin. long; spikes oblong, about 1 in.

long; corolla lilac-purple; tube slender. Choisy in DC. Prod.

xii. 10, in syn.

SoutH AFRIcA: without precise locality, described from a cultivated

specimen,

This is not S. spuria, Linn, Choisy cites it doubtfully under S. cinerea, but

his plant of that name is 8. polystachya, Liun., and the figure is wanting in the

details which would enable the point to be settled.

117. S. comosa (E. Meyer, Comm. 255); branches elongate,

flexuose, pubescent; leaves oblong, obtuse, imbricate, glabrous, with

the midrib thickened below ; spikes elongate, flexuose, bracts oblong-

lanceolate, hirsute; calyx hispidulous ; lobes acuminate, the posterior

somewhat exceeding the others. #. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanwn-

geogr. Documente, 141, 219; Walp. Rep. iv. 150; Choisy in DC.

Prod. xii. 12.

Coast ReGion: Bathurst Div. ; among grasses near Kowie River, 400-800 ft.,

Drége.

I fail to identify this species, though from the position assigned to it by

E. Meyer, it ought to belong to the section Ericoidee.

118. S. pterophylla (Otto ex Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. ii, 415).

Known by name ouly.

119. 8. purpurea (Cels, Cat. Arb. et Pl. 1817, 34). Known by

name only.

—y

“J

Microdon.| SELAGINER (Rolfe).

V. MICRODON, Choisy.

Calyx campanulate or tubular, shortly and subequally 5-toothed,

adnate at the base to the bract. Corolla-tube cylindrical or slightly

enlarged at the throat ; limb spreading ; lobes 5, subequal, the upper

united to about the middle. Stamens 4, didynamous, affixed to the

throat of the corolla, the outer pair slightly exserted, the other

shorter than the lobes; anthers short, perfectly 1-celled. Ovary

2-celled, one eell smaller and with the ovule abortive ; style exserted,

obtuse at the apex. Fruit included within the calyx, semi-ovoid or

oblong, one cell perfect and with crustaceous endocarp, the other

smaller, membranous, empty, and usually adherent to the perfect

cell.

Small, much branched heath-like shrubs, Leaves linear, oblong or sub-

orbicular, sometimes fuscicled. Spikes ovate, oblong or somewhat elongated.

Bracts ovate or suborbicular, often large and spreading, adnate at the base to

the calyx.

Species 5, endemic.

Inflorescence more or less elongated ;

Leaves oblong to suborbicular —... fe ... (1) lucidus,

Leaves linear vey a a evs ... (2) cylindricus,

Inflorescence ovoid or suborbicular, sometimes oblong

in fruit :

Corolla-tube 43-6 lin. long... as ... (3) orbicularis.

Corvlla-tube 2-3 lin, long :

Leaves 6-9 lin. long 4 ais .» (4) ovatus.

Leaves 4-5 lin. long a tS ... (5) linearis.

1. M. lucidus (Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genév. ii, ii. 97, excl.

syn. Linn. fil.) ; perennial, much branched, erect, 1-2 ft. or more

high; branches more or less puberulous; leaves rarely faseicled,

crowded, ovate-elliptie, oblong or sometimes suborbicular, subobtuse

or apiculate, coriaceous, somewhat glaucous, 3-5 lin. long; spikes

elongated or oblong, dense or somewhat lax, 1-4 in. long; bracts

ovate or suborbicular-ovate, mucronate or acute, sometimes denticulate,

usually shining, minutely puncticulate, 2-3 lin. long; calyx narrowly

campanulate, 2 lin. long, minutely puncticulate, sometimes hispidu-

lous; lobes triangular, acute, about a fifth as long as the tube;

corolla white; tube linear-oblong, 3-4 lin. long; lobes broadly

oblong, subequal, about a quarter as long as the tube. Choisy, Mém.

Selag. 27, excl. syn. Linn. fil.; E. Meyer, Comm. 253, and in Drége,

Zwet Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 76,77, 202; Walp. Rip. iv. 168,

excl. syn, Linn. fil.; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 22. Selago lucida,

Vent. Jard. Malmais. t. 26. 8S. bracteata, Thunb. Prodr. 100, and

Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 465 ; Rolfe in Journ, Linn. Soc. xx. 354.

Sourn AFRIcA: without precise locality, Thunberg! Masson! Niven!

Verreauz! Wallich ! Ecklon 5 Zeyher!

Coast Re@ion: Piquetberg Div. ; Piquetberg, 1500-2000 ft., Drége! Tulbagh

Div.; rocky places in New Kloof, 1500-2000 ft., Drege! at Witsen Berg

and Skurfde Berg, Zeyher, 1884! Winterhoek Berg, 1300 fi., Bolus, 5218!

Pappe !

176 SELAGINEE (Rol’e). [ Microdon.

CentraL Recion: Ceres Div. ; Cold Bokkeveld, near Gydouw, 5000 ft.,

Schlechter, 10002! Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 7556!

2. M. cylindricus (E. Meyer, Comm. 258); perennial, much

branched, 1—2 ft. high; branches puberulous; leaves not or rarely

fascicled, crowded, linear, subacute, glabrous or nearly so, 5—9 lin.

long ; spikes elongated or rarely oblong, dense, 1—4 in. long ; bracts

ovate, acute or mucronate, minutely puneticulate, 2-2} lin. long ;

ealyx 1-12 lin. long, glabrous or hispidulous on the angles, minutely

puncticulate ; lobes broadly triangular, obtuse, minute ; corolla-tube

slender, 3—4 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong, aboni a fifth as long as

the tube; fruit oblong, included within the calvx. EH. Meyer in

Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 80, 82,202; Walp. Rep. iv.

169; Choisy in DC. Prod, xii, 23. M. Linkii, Walp. Rep. iv. 169 ;

Selago polygaloides, Linn. fil. Suppl. 284, not of Choisy ; Thunb.

Prodr. 99, and Fl, Cap. ed. Schult. 462; Rolfe in Journ, Linn. Soc.

xx. 350. S. spicata, Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. ii. 124.

Soutnu Arrica : without precise locality, Thunberg! Masson! Oldenburg !

Coast Region: Worcester Div.; in stony places in Dutoits Kloof, 1500—-

3500 ft., Drége! 2200 ft., Bolus, 5219! mountains near the Hex River, Bolus,

6012! Hex River Mountains, at Axells Farm, Rehmann, 2700! |

3. M. orbicularis (Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 22); perennial, much

branched, 1 ft. or more high ; branches puberulous ; leaves not or

rarely slightly faseicled, generally lax, linear-oblong, subobtuse,

glabrous or nearly so, 3-6 lin. long; heads rounded or oblong in

fruit, 1-2 in. long; bracts orbicular or ovate-orbicular, obtuse or

abruptly apiculate, membranous, more or less shining and minutely

puncticulate, 3-5 lin. long; calyx oblong, somewhat swollen near

the base, shining, 13-2 lin. long ; lobes triangular-oblong, subacute,

short ; corolla-tube slender, 41-6 lin. long; lobes broadly oblong,

about a quarter as long as the tube; fruit oblong, 1 lin. long,

included within the calyx.

SoutH AFRIca: without precise locality, Masson!

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Oliphants River, 500 ft., Schlechter, 8478 !

Tulbagh Div. ; without precise locality, Ecklon S° Zeyher !

4. M. ovatus (Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genéy. ii. ii. 97, t. 1,

fig. 4); perennial, much branched, 1—2 ft. high; branches puberulous

or nearly pubescent ; leaves in approximate fascicles, linear, subacute,

hispidulous or nearly glabrous, 6-9 lin. long; spikes ovoid, very

dense, somewhat elongated in fruit, §-21 in. long; bracts closely

imbricate, spreading or reflexed at tle apex, broadly ovate or

reniform-ovate, mucronate, glabrous, minutely punceticulate, 2-3 lin.

long; calyx oblong 2 lin. long; lobes broadly triangular, acute,

unequal, the two upper about a quarter as long as the tube, the

three lower smaller; corolla-tube oblong, 21-3 lin. long; lobes

broadly oblong or rounded, unequal, aliout half as long as the tube.

Choisy, Mém. Selag. 27, t. 1, fig. 4.; Walp, Rep. iv. 168; Choisy in

Dc. Prod, ix. 22. M. sp., Dréye in Linnea, xx. 201. Selago

Microdon.} SELAGINER (Rolfe). 177

capitata, Berg. Pl. Cup. 157. Lippia ovata, Linn. Mant. 89. Selago

ovata, Thunb. Prodr. 99, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 462; Ait. Hort.

Kew, ed. 2, iii. 432; Lam. Ill: iii. 77, t. 521, fig. 1; Curt. Bot.

Mag. t. 186. Dalea lippiastrum, Gertn. Fruct. i. 235, t. 51, fig. 2.

Sourn Arrica : without precise locality, Thunberg ! Masson! Forsyth! and

cultivated specimens !

Coast Keeton; Clanwilliam Div.; sandy places at Driefontein, Zeyher,

i Ad Lapel Cape Div.; Cape Flats, Harvey! mountains at Muizenberg,

allich

5. M. linearis (Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 23); perennial, much

branched, 1-11 ft. high; branches puberulous; leaves in approxi-

mate fascicles, linear or slender, subobtuse, hispidulous or nearly

glabrous, 4—5 lin. long ; spikes ovoid or oblong, very dense, 3-1} in.

long; bracts spreading, densely crowded, broadly ovate, often

broader than long, apiculate or mucronate, glabrous and minutely

puneticulate, sometimes crenulate, 2-23 lin. long; ealyx oblong,

somewhat curved, 2 lin. long, densely puneticulate; lobes triangular,

subacute, denticulate, short; corolla-tube.linear-oblong, 2—2} lin. ©

long ; lobes broadly oblong, about a quarter as long as the tube;

fruit oblong, 1 lin. long, included within the calyx. M. sp., Drége in

Linnea, xx. 201.

Coast Recion : Malmesbury Diy. ; Groene Kloofand ‘‘ Predikstael,” Zeyher,

1385! on hills at Katzenberg, near Groene Kloof, 300 ft., Bolus, 4317! Zwart-

land, in sandy soil, Cape Herb, !

VI. GOSELA, Choisy.

Calyx campanulate, 5-lobed nearly to the middle, with nearly equal

lobes. Corolla-tube slender, elongated, very little enlarged at the

throat, mouth slightly constricted ; lobes 5, obovate-oblong, sub-

equal, spreading. Stamens 2 perfect, inserted above the middle of

the tube, included ; filaments short; anthers linear; staminodes 2,

affixed to the apex of the tube; filaments very short ; anthers small

and empty. Ovary 2-celled; style entire. Fruit included within

the calyx, by abortion 1-celled and 1-seeded.

A small much-branched heath-like shrub. Leaves linear, small, more or less

fascicled. Spikes short or somewhat elongated, many-flowered, with the rhachis,

bracts and calyx densely hirsute-villose. Flowers sessile.

Distris. Species 1, endemic.

1. G. eckloniana (Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 22); branches slender,

puberulous ; leaves more or less fascicled, linear, obtuse, revolute at

the margin, 2-5 lin, long; spikes dense, oblong, becoming elongated

in fruit, 2-5 in. long; bracts ovate-lanceolate, subacute, densely

villous, especially at the margin, 2}-3} lin. long; calyx 13-2 lin.

long, very villous ; lobes subulate-linear, rather longer than the tube ;

corolla-tube slender, 7-9 lin. long ; lobes spreading, obovate-oblong,

subequal, 1—12 lin. long.

VOL. Y. ™

178 SELAGINER (Rolfe). [ Gosela.

Sourn AFRICA: without precise locality, Ecklon, 123! Ecklon & Zeyher, 36!

Coast ReGion: Piquetberg Div.; Piquiniers Kloof, Ecklon § Zeyher!

Kardouw, Zeyher!

Vil. AGATHELPIS, Choisy.

Calyx tubular, shortly 5-toothed, adnate at the base to the bract.

Corolla-tube slender, elongated, very little enlarged at the throat,

mouth slightly constricted; lobes 5, obovate-oblong, subequal,

spreading. Stamens 2, inserted above the middle of the tube,

included ; filaments short; anthers oblong or linear; staminodes 0.

Ovary 2-celled; style entire. Fruit included within the calyx,

oblong, by abortion 1-celled and 1-seeded.

Small, much branched, heath-like shrubs. Leaves small or linear, often

fascicled. Spikes usually elongated and narrow, many-flowered. Bracts ovate or

oblong, more or less adnate to the calyx and including it, Flowers sessile.

Species 3, endemic.

Bracts not shining :

Leaves linear ... jes bs oes ie ... (1) angustifolia,

Leaves oblong... an re Pe eae ... (2) parvifolia.

Bracts shining aaa tas ‘si es ss ... (3) nitida.

1. A. angustifolia (Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genév. ii. ii. 95,

(excl. syn. Selago polygaloides) t. 1, fig. 3) ; branches terete, puberu-

lous ; leaves numerous, sessile, linear, subacute, glabrous, 3—9 lin. long ;

spikes more or less elongated, 1-8 in. long, dense, many-flowered ;

bracts ovate-oblong, acute or subacuminate, keeled, glabrous, 2-3 lin.

long; calyx oblong, 1-1} lin. long, 5-ribbed, with the ribs more or

less scaberulous, 5-dentate; teeth very short, oblong, obtuse ;

corolla-tube slender, generally more or less curved, 4-5 lin. long,

lobes obovate-oblong, obtuse, * lin. long. Choisy, Mém. Selag. 25

(exel. syn. Selago polygaloides) t. 1, fig. 3; E. Meyer, Comm. 252,

and in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 87, 88, 89, 162 ;

Drege in Linnea, xx. 201; Walp. Rep. iv. 170; Choisy in DOC.

Prod. xii. 23. Selago dubia, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 629. Hranthemum

angustatum, Linn. Mant. 171. Eranthemum angustifolium, Murr.

Syst. ed. 13, 55. Selago angustifolia, Thunb. Prodr. 99, and Fi.

Cap. ed. Schult. 462. Agathelpis adunca, E. Meyer, Comm. 252,

and in Drége, Zwet Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 71, 74, 109, 113,

162; Walp. Rep. iv. 171; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 23. A.

mucronata, E. Meyer, Comm. 252, and in Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 76, 80, 115, 162; Walp. Rep. iv. 170; Choisy in DC.

Prod. xii. 24. A. sp., Drege in Linnea, xx. 201.

Soutn ArFRIcA: without precise locality, Auge! Bunbury, 169! Forsyth!

Forster! Niven! Rowburgh! Thom! Sieber, 66! Ecklon, 78! Forbes! Harvey,

416! Bowie!

Coast Reeion: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Gift Berg, 1500-2000 ft., Drége.

Clanwilliam Div.; between Wupperthal and Ezels Bank, 3000 fc., Drege!

between Piquiniers Kloof and Pretoris Kloof, 1500 ft., Drége! Clanwilliam,

Mader in Herb. MacOwan, 2181! Piquetberg Div. ; Piquet Berg, 1000-2000 ft.,

Drége ! Malmesbury Div. ; between Groene Kloof and Klip Berg, below 400 ft.,

" Agathelpis.] SELAGINE® (Rolfe). 179

Drége. Groene Kloof, Cape Herb.! Hopefield, Bachmann, 879! Cape Div. ;

False Bay, Thunberg ! Camps Bay, Burchell, 310! Devils Mountain, Burchell,

8462! Pappe! Bolus, 2914! near the Blockhouse, Wolley Dod, 631! Muizen

Berg, Bolus, 2914! Table Mountain, up to 3000 ft., Drége ! Ecklon, 273! Fleck,

433! Milne, 159! Galpin, 4418! Simons Bay, MacGillivray, 560! sandy places

near the Cape Flats, Zeyher, 3557! hills near Cape Town, Harvey! Wynberg,

Harvey! Hout Bay, Harvey, 201! coast at Riet Valei, Zeyher, 3556! Lion

Mountain, Cape Herb. ! between Cape Town and Table Mountain, Burchell, 918!

Kommetjes, 100 ft., Galpin, 4419! Constantia Berg, Schlechter, 1! Paarl Div.;

Paarl Mountains, 800-1500 ft., Drége ! Tulbagh Div.; Tulbagh, Pappe ! Tulbagh

Waterfall, 1500 ft., Schlechter, 9062! Ecklon S Zeyher! Worcester Div. ; rocky

places between Wagenmakers Valei and Dutoits Kloof, 1500-2500 ft., Drege !

Bains Kloof, Rehmann, 2290! Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, Cape

Herb. ! Stellenbosch, 1000-3000 ft., Zeyher ! Caledon Div.; by the Zonder Einde

River, Burchell, 7536! on Donker Hoek Mountain, Burchell, 7973! Baviaans

Kloof, Burchell, 7651! among shrubs near Genadendal, 2000-3000 ft., Drege.

Caledon, Pappe! Klein Rivers Berg, 1000-3000 ft., Ecklon & Zeyher! Houw

Hoek Berg, 1000-3000 ft., Ecklon 4° Zeyher! Great Houw Hoek, Zeyher,

1383! Swellendam Div. ; on the right bank of the Zonder Kinde River, Burchell,

7501! ;

CenTRaAL ReGion: Ceres Div.; Cold Bokkeveld, at Klyn Vley, 4500 ft.,

Schlechter, 10196!

2. A. parvifolia (Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genév. ii. ii. 95

partly) ; branches terete, puberulous; leaves numerous, sessile, oblong

or elliptic-oblong, subobtuse, rigid, 2—3 lin. long ; spikes 1-3 in. long,

dense, many-flowered ; bracts ovate, acute or mucronate, 13—21 lin.

long ; ealyx oblong, 14 lin. long, 5-ribbed, with the ribs more or less

muricate, 5-dentate ; teeth minute, oblong, obtuse; corolla-tube

slender, more or less curved or sometimes nearly straight, 4-42 lin.

long; lobes oblong, obtuse, subequal, 1 lin. long. Choisy, Mém.

Selag. 26 partly; Walp. Rep. iv. 170; Choisy in DC. Prod. xii. 23,

A. brevifolia, E. Meyer, Comm. 253, and in Drege, Zwei Pflanzen-

geogr. Documente, 73, 75, 162; Walp. Rep. iv. 171; Choisy in DC.

Prod, xii. 24. Eranthemum parviflorum, Berg. Pl. Cap. 2. E.

parvifolium, Linn. Mant. 171; Lam, Ill. i. 60, t. 17, fig. 2.—J. and

C. Commelin, Hort. Amstel. ii. 119, ¢. 60.

SoutH AFRIca: without precise locality, Bergius ? : :

Coast Region : Clanwilliam Div. ; in rocky places near Honig Valei, 3000 ft.,

Drége! near Ezels Bank, 4000-5000 ft., Drege! Paarl Div.; French Hoek,

3500 ft., Schlechter, 9250!

A, parvifolia, Choisy, remains somewhat doubtfal, but, if it belongs to the genus

at all, the character, ‘‘foliis ovato-linearibus brevibus,” given by Bergius should

place it here. I have cited the figures on which the description seems to have

been chiefly based, though I am in doubt whether they belong to the genus

at all.

$. A. nitida (E. Meyer, Comm. 252); branches terete, puberulous

or pubescent; leaves numerous, sessile, linear, subobtuse or acute,

glabrous, 6-11 lin. long; spikes oblong or somewhat elongated,

1-3 in. long; bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute, keeled, rather thin and

shining, 4-5 lin. long; calyx oblong, 23-8} lin. long, 5-ribbed,

5-dentate ; teeth oblong, obtuse, about one-sixth as long as the tube ;

corolla white; tube slender, rarely straight, 5-6 lin. long ; lobes

oblong, obtuse, 1-12 lin. long. eal in Drege, Zwei Pflanzen-

180 SELAGINE® (Rolfe). [Agathelpis.

geogr. Documente, 89, 162; Walp. Rep. iv. 169; Choisy in DC.

Prod. xii. 23,

SoutH AFRICA: without precise locality, Pappe, 52!

Coast Recion: Cape Div.; near the waterfall on Devil’s Mountain, 1000-—

1500 ft., Drége! Wolley Dod, 632! Harvey! Stellenbosch Div. ; Stellenbosch,

Harvey !

Orper CIV. VERBENACEZ.

(By H. H. W. Pearson.)

Flowers hermaphrodite, rarely polygamous, irregular or, in a few

genera, regular. Calyx inferior, persistent, gamosepalous, campanu-

late, tubular or cup-shaped with 4, 5, or rarely 6-8 lobes or teeth,

rarely subtruncate. Corolla gamopetalous ; tube usually cylindric or

dilated above, often curved, rarely very short and broadly campanu-

late; limb 5-, 4- or rarely many-lobed, regular or more or less

2-lipped ; lobes spreading and flat or the posterior 1-2 suberect,

the anterior frequently larger, sometimes concave, imbricate in bud,

the posterior rarely the lateral being outermost, the anterior inner-

most. Stamens 4, perfect, didynamous, or 2, inserted on the

corolla-tube and alternating with the lobes, the posterior (or

posterior 3) usually small, anantherous, reduced to a staminode or

altogether absent ; filaments free, filiform or slightly thickened or

broader at the base, inappendiculate ; anthers dorsifixed, introrse,

with 2 distinct parallel or divergent cells, opening by longitudinal

slits. Disc usually inconspicuous, sometimes thickened and fleshy

beneath the ovary, very rarely annular. Ovary superior, sessile,

formed of 2 (or, by abortion, 1) carpels, syncarpous, acute, obtuse, or

retuse, 4-furrowed or rarely shortly 4-lobed, in the young condition

normally 1-celled becoming later 2-celled by the intrusion of the

ovuliferous margins of the earpels; cells 2- or (by abortion)

1-ovuled, becoming later 2-chambered by the formation of a spurious

septum between the ovules ; style terminal, entire ; stigma terminal,

usually oblique or bifid at the apex. Ovules erect, pendulous or

laterally attached to the infolded edges of the carpels or, rarely, to a

central column. Fruit usually more or less drupaceous ; mesocarp

juicy, fleshy or dry ; endocarp hard, bony (rarely thin). Seeds always

separate in distinct cells or chambers; albumen in section Stilbee

fleshy, otherwise usually 0 or scanty; embryo straight ; cotyledons

flat or a little thickened at the base, free or rarely much thickened

and fused together; radicle inferior, short, sometimes minute.

Herbs, shrubs or trees ; leaves, except in a few genera, opposite or whorled,

entire, dentate or incised, in Vitex usually digitately compound; inflorescence

spicate or racemose or with the ultimate branching cymose, the cymes being

centripetally developed, opposite or trichotomously paniculate; bracts usually

small ; flowers often brightly coloured.

About 73 genera, including 700 species in the tropical regions of both

hemispheres ; very few in subtropical and temperate areas,

VERBENACE (Pearson). 181

It is stated in Harvey’s “Genera of South African Plants” (2nd edition)

that the genus Stachytarpheta is represented by “1 or 2 Cape species, probably

naturalized ” (1. c. 290). No specimens, however, are preserved in the Kew,

British Museum, or Harvey’s Herbarium, and I have failed to find any authority

for the statement.

A cultivated specimen of Holmskioldia sanguinea, Retz., from Griqualand

East is in the Kew Herbarium.

A.—Inflorescence centripetal (spicate or racemose); ovule basal, erect,

anatropous.

Tribe 1. STIZLBEZ, Seed albuminous. Low shrubs of ericoid habit.

* Corolla 4- or 5-lobed, regular.

T Calyx subequally 5-lobed or 5-toothed ; anther-cells parallel.

I. Campylostachys.—Calyw deeply 5-lobed or polysepalous. Corolla 4-lobed.

Fruit dehiscing by 4 valves.

II. Stilbe,—Calyw 5-toothed or 5-partite. Corolla 5-lobed. Fruit indehiscent.

tt Calyx 2-lipped ; anther-cells diverging.

Ill, Euthystachys.—Only South African genus.

**® Corolla 2-lipped.

IV. Eurylobium.— Calyw# symmetric.

V. Xeroplana.—Calyw 2-lipped.

Tribe 2, VERBENE. Seed exalbuminous. Herbs or shrubs.

* Inflorescence a spike or unbranched spicate raceme.

+ Ovary 2-celled with 1 ovule in each cell; fruit of 2 pyrenes (or, by

abortion, 1).

§ Calyx small (about 1 lin. long).

VI. Lantana.—Calyx truncate or obscurely toothed. Fruit drupaceous.

VII. Lippia.— Calyw 2-4-lobed or -teothed. Fruit dry, hard.

§§ Calyx not less than 3 lin, long.

VIII, Bouchea.—Only South African genus.

Tt Ovary 4-chambered with 1 ovule in each chamber.

IX. Priva.—Calyz accrescent in fruit. Pyrenes 2, each 2-seeded,

X.—Verbena. Calyx unchanged or very slightly accrescent in fruit. Pyrenes 4,

each 1-seeded.

** Inflorescence a branched raceme.

XI. Duranta.—Calyzx accrescent. Pyrenes 4, each 2-chambered and 2-seeded.

B.—Inflorescence cymose.

Tribe3. VITICEZX. Cymes panicled, corymbose, umbellate or, sometimes,

reduced to a single flower. Ovule inserted laterally.

XII. Vitex. Drupe entire containing a single 4-chambered pyrene. Leaves

usually digitately compound, :

XIII. Clerodendron.— Drupe 4-lobed or -furrowed. Pyrenes 4, Leaves simple.

Tribe 4. AVICENNIE. Cymes capitate. Ovule pendulous.

XIV. Avicennia.—Only South African genus.

182 VERBENACEH (Pearson). [Campylostachys.

I, CAMPYLOSTACHYS, Kunth.

Calyx deeply 5-lobed or polysepalous with subequal narrow

slightly imbricating lobes (or sepals). Corolla subequally 4- (some-

times 5-) lobed; tube short, broad, hairy within at the throat.

Stamens 4, equal, inserted between the corolla-lobes in the upper

part of the tube; anthers ovate, with parallel cells distinctly

separated below. Ovary 2-lobed, 2-celled ; ovules 2, erect, basal ;

style glabrous, minutely 2-lobed at the apex. Fruit shorter than the

calyx, oblong-ovate, at first 2-grooved, later dehiscing by 4 valves.

Seed albuminous, solitary, erect, large, with a reticulately wrinkled

testa.

Erect ericoid shrubs; leaves crowded in whorls, subulate or linear-subulate,

thick, hard, with revolute margins ; spike short, capitate, terminal, sessile among

the leaves; flowers solitary, sessile in the axils of the bracts; bracts subulate

above the middle, much broadened and sheathing at the base; bracteoles 2,

subulate, oblique, keeled,

1 species, endemic.

1. C. cernua (Kunth in Abh. Akad. Berlin, 1831, 207); a low

shrub, 1-2 ft. high; branches erect, terete, puberulous or shortly

pubescent ; leaves crowded, in whorls of 4—6, erect, spreading, or

somewhat recurved, linear-subulate, narrowed at the base, minutely

apiculate, glabrous or minutely puberulous, 3-6 lin. long, 1—1 lin.

broad ; spike subglobose, more or less nodding, about 6 lin. in diam. ;

flowering bract broadly cuneate, membranous and sheathing below,

in the distal half abruptly linear-subulate, minutely apiculate,

puberulous or villous on the back and on the distal margin of

the sheath, 23-33 lin. long, 14-2} lin. broad near the base ;

bracteoles boat-shaped, falcate, acuminate, acute, strongly keeled,

glabrous within, villous on the keel and margin, 2-2% lin. long,

i lin. broad ; calyx membranous, 5-partite or polysepalous, 2-2 lin.

long ; lobes (or sepals) linear, obliquely acuminate, acute, keeled,

puberulous or glabrous; corolla-tube funnel-shaped, glabrous with-

out, 13-2 lin. long; lobes linear, obtuse or subacute, glabrous,

3-nerved, 2 lin. long, 3} lin. broad; stamens 2-3 lin. long; style

2132 lin. long. Walp. Rep. iv. 173; A.DC. in DOC. Prod. -xii.

605. Stilbe cernua, Linn. fil. Suppl. 441; Thunb. Prodr. 29, and

Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 146; Willd, Sp. Pl. iv. 1116; Lam. Encycl.

Suppl. v. 251.

Sour A¥FRIca: without precise locality, Masson ! Thom, 614! 628! Pappe !

Harvey, 199! Nelson! Drége; |

Coast Rxeion: Cape Div.; on Table Mountain, Burchell, 609! Camps

Bay, Burchel/, 335! on Devils Mountain, Wolley Dod, 895! Krauss. near

Cape Town, up to 2000 ft., Zeyher, 3588! Burchell! False Bay, Robertson!

Caledon Div.: Houw Hoek, Schlechter, 9434! Stellenbosch Div.; on the

western slopes of Hottentots Holland, near Lowrys Pass, 800 ft., Bolus, 4188!

on Donker Hoek, Burchell, 7940! Swellendam Div. ; on the Tradouw Mountains,

Bowie!

Stilbe. | VERBENACEEX (Pearson). 183

IJ. STILBE, Berg.

Calyx leathery or membranous, more or less eampanulate, 5-toothed

or 5-partite, symmetric or with the three posterior teeth or lobes

slightly larger. Corolla with a narrow tube, somewhat widening

upwards, bearing within at the throat a wide ring of erect white

hairs; lobes 5, equal. Stamens 4, subequal, inserted at the top of

the corolla-tube between the lobes ; anthers oval, with parallel cells

continuous at the summit, separated below. Ovary of 2 carpels,

2-celled, 2-ovuled (or, by abortion, 1-celled, 1-ovuled), glabrous ;

style entire or minutely bifid, glabrous. rut oblong, enclosed in

the calyx, 2-lobed, 2-celled (or, by abortion, 1-celled, 1-seeded),

indehiscent ; pericarp thin, membranous. Seed albuminous, erect;

testa pitted or reticulately wrinkled.

Erect, glabrous, or occasionally hairy, ericoid shrubs ; leaves in whorls of 3-7,

erect, spreading, or reflexed, narrow, linear-subulate, hard, with revolute

margins, passing upwards into bracts; spike dense, terminal, sessile among the

upper leaves ; flowers white or rose-coloured, solitary, sessile in the axils of the

bracts ; bracteoles 2, narrow, usually obliquely acuminate.

5 species, endemic.

Section 1. AmpnistiLBe. Calyx 5-partite. nage

Adult leaves erect or spreading... ve ... (1) phylicoides.

Adult leaves strongly reflexed ine ea ... (2) mucronata.

Section 2. Eusritpe. Calyx 5-toothed.

Calyx membranous ae vi

Calyx cartilaginous : :

Corolla-lobes 3-nerved, glabrous se ... (4) albiflora.

Corolla-lobes 1-nerved, more or less villous ... (5) vestita.

(3) ericoides.

1, §. phylicoides (A.DC. in DC. Prod. xii. 606); a low shrub,

1-2 ft. high ; branches erect, glabrous or minutely pubescent, with

prominent leaf-scars; leaves crowded, in whorls of 6 or 7, erect or

spreading, shortly apiculate, with incurved apex, abruptly narrowed

at the base, glabrous, 21-31 lin. long, }—} lin. broad; spike sub-

globose, white, about 6 lin. in diam.; flowering bract coriaceous,

boat-shaped, acuminate, acute, villous, 2-2} lin. long, } lin. broad ;

bracteoles narrowly linear, faleate, acuminate, acute, villous along

the margins, 2-23 lin. long, 1-3 lin. broad; ealyx with a tuft of

white hairs at the base externally on the upper side, 5-partite,

1-3 lin. long; lobes lanceolate, acute, mucronate, in the upper

half densely villous; corolla-tube glabrous, 2 lin. long; lobes

linear, densely silky villous, 1-1} lin. long; stamens 2 lin. long ;

style about 2 lin. long. Campylostachys phylicoides, Sonder in

Linnea, xx. 202 (name only).

Coast Recion : Swellendam Div.; near Swellendam, Zeyher, 3589 ! Shand

in Herb, Bolus, 6256; Riversdale Div. ; Lower part of the Lange Bergen near

Kampsche Berg, Burchel?, 6937! on Kampsche Berg, Burchell, 7083! summit

of Kampsche Berg, Burchell, 7127! mountains of Garcias Pass, 1200 ft., Galpin,

4420!

184 VERBENACEH ( Pearson). [ Stilbe,

2. §. mucronata (N. E. Br. in Hook. fil. Ic. Pl. t. 2526); branches

densely villous-tomentose; leaves crowded, in whorls of 4 or 5,

reflexed or spreading, very rarely erect, with incurved mucronate

apex, silky-tomentose when young, later glabrous above, tomentose

beneath, 2-4 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad; spike subglobose, about

6 lin. in diam. ; flowering bract linear, acuminate, concave, sheath-

ing below, densely silky-villous on the back and margins, 2~21

lin. long, 1 lin. broad ; bracteoles narrowly lanceolate or oblanceo-

late, acute, more or less mueronate, densely silky-villous in the

upper half and along the margins, 13-22 lin. long, 1-8 lin. broad ;

calyx 13-2 lin. long, deeply 5- or 6-partite ; lobes lanceolate, acute,

densely silky-villous in the upper half and along the margins ;

corolla-tube glabrous, 14-1} lin, long; lobes narrowly linear, acute,

densely villous on the inner face, 1 lin. long, 2 lin. broad at the

base; stamens 12 lin. long; style about 2 lin. long. Phylica

mucronata, EH. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente,

84 (name only).

Vax. 8, cuspidata (H. H. W. Pearson); branches densely silky-villous when

young ; leaves linear-subulate, cuspidate at the apex, silky-villous when young,

5-6 lin. long; flowering bract linear-subulate with a brown mucro at the apex,

narrowly sheathing at the base, densely silky-villous about the middle, 2-3 lin.

long ; bracteoles and calyx-lobes with brown acuminate tips.

Bgl a Arrica: without precise locality, Niven! Roxburgh, “ Brunia,

Coast Reaion: Stellenbosch Div.; Lowrys Pass, 1000-2000 ft., Drége!

Burchell, 8221! Caledon Div.; between Palmiet River and Lowrys Pass,

Burchell, 8172! Houw Hoek, 1400-3600 ft., Schlechter, 7574! Bolus, 8409!

Bredasdorp Div.; Elim, 800 ft., Schlechter, 7636! Var. 8, Caledon Div.; on

the Zwarte Berg, near Caledon, 3000 ft., Bolus !

3. S. ericoides (Linn. Mant. 305); a small erect or somewhat

straggling (Niven) shrub branching chiefly at the base, a2 ‘ft.

high ; adult branches glabrous; leaves crowded in whorls of 3-5,

erect or spreading, abruptly narrowed at the base, truncate or

minutely apiculate, glabrous, 13~3 lin. long, 1-2 lin. broad ; spike

erect, cylindric, 3-3 in. long, 1-1 in, in diam.; flowering bract

lanceolate with revolute margins, pubescent or puberulous,

2-27 lin. long; bracteoles linear-subulate, with revolute margins,

sheathing towards the base, falcate, acuminate, acute, pube-

rulous, 1} lin. long; flowers pink; calyx tubular, membranous,

5-toothed, glabrous, silky-puberulous or -pubescent without,

1-1; lin. long ; teeth narrowly deltoid, acute, with thickened villous

margins, shorter than the tube; corolla-tube glabrous, 11-2 lin.

long ; lobes linear, obtuse, with a single median nerve branching

near the apex, glabrous, 1-11 lin. long; stamens 13-12 lin, long;

style 13-3} lin. long. Murr, Syst. Veq. ed. 13, 772 ; Thunb. Prodr.

29, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 146; Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. 1117; Poir. in

Lam. Encycl. Suppl. v. 251 exel, Jig.; E. Meyer, Comm. 280;

Walp. Rep.iv.171; A.DO. in DC. Prod. xii, 607. 8S. virgata, Poir.

I. ¢. 252; Lam. Ill. t. 856, fig. 3. Selago ericoides, Linn. Mant.

87. Luchea ericoides, F.W. Schmidt in Usteri, Ann. vi. (17938) 118.

Stilbe.] VERBENACEH (Pearson). 185

Soutn AFRica: without precise locality, Wright, 428! Pappe! Villet’

Masson! Zeyher! Roxburgh! Lehmann!

Coast Region: Malmesbury Div. ; neighbourhood of the Berg River and in

Zwartland, Ecklon S Zeyher! Cape Div.; sand-flats at Wynberg, Drége! Cape

Flats, Zeyher, 1390! Harvey! Burchell, 8526! 8552! flats near Newlands,

Wolley Dod, 633! near Cape Town, Burchell! in fields near Smitswinkel Bay,

500 ft., MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 243! in open fields at

Rondebosch, near Cape Town, below 100 ft., Bolus, 3969! near Cape Town,

Harvey ! flats near Wynberg, Drége ! Niven ! Bredasdorp Div. ; Elim, Schlechter,

7728! Swellendam Div.; on the mountains of Swellendam, Bowie! Uitenhage

Div.; Algoa Bay, Forbes !

The type specimen in the Linnzean Herbarium has a glabrous calyx.

4. §. albiflora (E. Meyer, Comm. 279); a low shrub, 1-2 ft,

high, with stems erect, villous in the young parts, frequently un-

branched ; leaves crowded, in whorls of 4-6, erect or spreading,

With ineurved mucronate apex, narrowed at the base, glabrous,

3-5 lin. long, 2 lin. broad; spike ovoid or ovoid-eylindric,

7-12 lin. long, 5-8 lin. in diam., with a silky-pubescent

axis; flowering Dbract lanceolate, sheathing below, puberulous,

23 lin, long, 2—% lin, broad ; braeteoles narrowly lanceolate, falcate,

slightly keeled, villous along the margins above the middle, 21 lin.

long, {—} lin. broad ; calyx tubular, cartilaginous, brown, glabrous,

5-toothed ; tube distinctly 5-nerved, 11 lin. long; teeth narrowly

deltoid, acute, with thickened villous margins and a single median

nerve, > lin. long, }—} lin. broad at the base; corolla-tube glabrous

Without, puberulous within above the middle, 2 lin. long ; lobes

linear, 3-nerved, glabrous, 2 lin. long, 2 lin. broad; stamens 22-3 lin.

long; style 13-5 lin. long. Walp. Rep. iv. 172; A.DC. in DC.

Prod. xii. 607. 8. albiflora, var. pilosa A.DC. le. S. albiflora,

var., Sonder in Linnea, xx. 202 (name only). S. ericoides, Lam.

Lil. t. 856, fig. 2.

SourH AFRICA: without precise locality, Zeyher, 199! Masson! Nelson!

y !

Open marie : Clanwilliam Div. ; between Biedow and Honig Vallei, 2500-

3000 ft., Drége. Piquetberg Div. ; on the Piquet Berg, 1500-2000 ft., Drege,

and without precise locality, Zeyher, 1389! Tulbagh Div. ; Tulbagh Water-

fall, 1000-1500 ft., Drége ! Roode Zand Cascade, Niven! Roxburgh, “ Stilbe,

No. 2”! mountains above Tulbagh, Pappe! Caledon Div.; near Caledon,

Pappe! on the Zwarte Berg and region of the hot springs, Ecklon § Zeyher !

mountains of Baviaans Kloof, near Genadendal, Burchell, 7633! Genadendal,

2800 ft., Schlechter, 9855! between Palmiet River and Lowrys Pass, Burchell,

8177! Lowrys Pass, 3000 ft., Schlechter, 7225! Swellendam Div. ; on Groot-

vaders Bosch Mountains, Bowie /

5. §. vestita (Berg. Pl. Cap. 30, t. 4, fig. 6); a low, branched

shrub, 1-2 ft. high ; branches erect, glabrous when adult; leaves

densely crowded, in whorls of 4-6, erect, spreading, or somewhat

reflexed, with incurved mucronate apex, glabrous, 33—7 lin. long,

271 lin. broad ; spike ovoid-cylindrie, 7-12 lin. long, 5-7 lin. in

diam., with a densely silky-pubescent axis persisting after the

fall of the flowers; flowers white ; flowering bract linear-acuminate,

mucronate, sheathing towards the base, villous along the margins

of the sheath and below the acumen, 4 lin. long, 1 lin, broad;

186 VERBENACES (Pearson). [ Stilbe.

bracteoles falcate, acuminate, sheathing towards the base, keeled,

villous in the upper two-thirds, 21-3 lin. long, 1 lin. broad;

calyx tubular, cartilaginous, brown, glabrous, 5-toothed; tube in-

distinctly 5-nerved, 14-14 lin. long; teeth narrowly deltoid, acute,

villous along the margins, with a single distinct median nerve, + lin.

long, + lin. broad at the base ; corolla-tube glabrous, 13—2 lin. long;

lobes linear with a single median nerve, silky-villous along the

margins and on the inner face or with only a few long white hairs,

24-23 lin. long, + lin. broad; stamens 2 lin. long; style 2-3 lin.

long. S. pinastra, Linn. Mant. 305; Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. 13, 772 ;

Thunb. Prodr. 29, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 146; Willd. Sp. Pl. iv.

1116; Poir. in Lam. Encyel. Suppl. v. 251; Lam. Ill. t. 856, fig. 1;

Walp. Rep. iv. 172; A.DC. in DC. Prod. xii. 607; Lindl. Veg.

Kingd. 607, fig. 411. Selago Prunastri, Linn. Syst. ed. 10, 1117.

S. pinastra, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 876, excl. syn. S. Pinastrt,

Linn. MSS. in Herb. propr.

SoutH Arrica: without precise locality, Boivin, 645! Masson! Roxburgh!

Bunbury, 167! Zeyher!

Coast RrGion: Cape Div.; mountain sides between Constantia and Hout

Bay, 1000 ft., Bolws, 3959! Muizen Berg, 1000 ft., Bolus, 3348! in stony

places on Table Mountain above Slang Kuil, MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm.

Aust.-Afr., 926! Simons Bay, Wright, 429! 430! Table Mountain, 600-2500 ft.,

Harvey, 198! Galpin, 4421! Krauss, 1060. Table Mountain and near Witte-

boom, 600-1000 ft., Drége ! Swellendam Div. ; on the Zwarte Berg and Tradouw

Mountains, Bowie !

Ill. EUTHYSTACHYS, A. DC.

Calyx of 5 subequal sepals; the 3 posterior connate into a broad

3-toothed lip, the 2 anterior free. Corolla-tube funnel-shaped, equally

5-fid, bearded in the throat. Stamens 4, subequal or didynamous

(tsometimes 5, one being sterile), inserted in the throat of the corolla

between the lobes, with introrse anthers; anther-cells continuous at

the apex, divergent below, widely so when mature, dehiseing by a

continuous longitudinal slit. Ovary 2-celled, with 2 basal erect

ovules ; style undivided. Fruit not seen.

Erect ericoid shrubs about a foot high ; leaves numerous, crowded, verticillate,

hard, linear-subulate or -triquetrous, with revolute margins; spike terminal

or lateral, few-flowered, compact, sessile among the leaves; flowers sessile,

solitary in the axils of leaf-like bracts which overtop them, 2-bracteolate.

1 species, endemic.

1, E. abbreviata (A. DC. in DC. Prod. xii. 606); branches with

prominent leaf-sears, pubescent or puberulous; leaves in whorls of 4,

erect, linear-subulate or -triquetrous, acute, glabrous, 43-6 lin. long,

3-2 lin, broad at the base; spike terminal or lateral, 6-10-flowered,

subglobose, with a densely silky-pubescent axis, about 4 lin. in

diam.; flowering braet linear and sheathing towards the base,

triquetrous towards the apex, acute, with a median ridge on the

upper surface extending from the middle to the apex, puberulous on.

Euthystachys. | VERBENACE® (Pearson). 187

the margins of the sheath and at the base, 6—7 lin. long; 1 lin.

broad near the base; bracteoles narrowly boat-shaped, acuminate,

acute, strongly keeled, puberulous on the margins, 3-31 lin. long,

3-2 lin. broad; flowers concealed by the bracts and leaves; calyx

membranous, puberulous within and along the free margins;

posterior lip ovate, with 3 (or 2) short deltoid-acuminate teeth, 22 lin.

long, 14 lin. broad ; anterior lip 2—lobed almost to the base; lobes

ovate-elliptic, acuminate, acute, l-nerved, 21 lin. long, 3—% lin.

broad ; corolla narrowly campanulate, equally 5-lobed, glabrous

without, marked with seattered groups of dark cells; lobes elliptic,

obtuse, obscurely nerved, with thickened and revolute margins,

keeled, villous on the inner face ; tube 13-2 lin. long ; lobes 1 lin.

long, } lin. broad at the base; stamens included ; ovary obscurely

4-angled, glabrous; style 2 lin. long. Campylostachys abbreviata,

E. Meyer, Comm. 279; Walp. Rep. iv. 173.

Coast Recion: Worcester Div, ; Drakenstein Mountains, 2000-3000 ft.,

Drége!

IV. EURYLOBIUM, Hochst.

Calyz membranous, subcampanulate, prominently 5-angled, equally

5-toothed. Corolla 2-lipped; tube narrowly funnel-shaped,

bearded within in the throat; upper lip 2-lobed to about the

middle, lower 3-partite, smaller than the upper ; lobes broader than

in Stilbe, ovate, obtuse, 3-nerved. Stamens as in Huthystachys.

Ovary 2-celled with 1 erect ovule in each cell; style filiform, not

conspicuously divided at the apex. Mature fru/t unknown,

Low, ericoid, glabrous shrubs in habit closely resembling Stilbe ; leaves

crowded in whorls, linear-subulate, hard, entire or minutely serrate, with

revolute margins; spike terminal, compact, sessile among the upper leaves ;

flowers solitary, sessile in the axils of leaf-like bracts, 2-bracteolate,

1 species, endemic,

1. E. serrulatum (Hochst. in Flora, 1842, 229); branches

pubescent, with prominent leaf-scars ; leaves erect, in whorls of 4,

minutely serrate, acute, glabrous, impressed-punctate, narrowed

at the base, 441 lin. long, }—$ lin. broad; spike ovoid-eylindric,

1-11 in, long, 3-4 lin. in diam.; flowers white; flowering bract

leaf-like, 23-5 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad; bracteoles narrowly boat-

shaped, falcate, acuminate, minutely serrate, glabrous, 2}-3 lin.

long, 4 lin. broad; calyx membranous, 5-toothed ; tube prominently

5-ribbed, glabrous, 1-12 lin. long; teeth deltoid, acute, 1-nerved,

minutely ciliate along the margins, } lin. long, 3 lin. broad at the

base ; corolla-tube glabrous without, 1}-2 lin. long ; posterior lip

12-18 lin. broad; anterior lip deeply lobed into 3 ovate obtuse

segments, each with 3 parallel nerves anastomosing at the apex ;

filaments 1-2 lin. long, slightly broader at the insertion ; ovary

glabrous, conic; style 2} lin. long. Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 70;

188 : VERBENACEX (Pearson). [Eurylobium.

Walp. Rep. iv. 173; A.DC. in DC. Prod. xii. 608. Stzlbe

serrulata, Hochst. in Flora, 1842, 229.

Coast REGIon: Caledon Div. ; Genadendal, 4700 ft., Schlechter, 9820! on

the southern slopes of the mountains near Genadendal, MacOwan and Bolus,

Herb. Norm, Aust.-Ajr., 375! tops of the mountains of Baviaans Kloof near

Genadendal, Burchell, 7740! among rocks (Bunter Sandstone) on the summit

of the mountain near Genadendal, 3000 ft., Krauss, 1110.

V. XEROPLANA, Briquet.

Calyx tubular, narrow, 5-toothed, 2-lipped ; upper lip 3-toothed,

the lower consisting of 2 free lobes. Corolla-tube slender, cylindric,

slightly dilated at the mouth, more or less pilose within the

throat ; limb bilabiate, spreading, with oblong-linear narrow flat

lobes; upper lip consisting of 2 free segments, much longer than

the 3 equal segments of the lower. Stamens 4, sub-equal, inserted

in the corolla-throat between the segments, exserted ; filaments

glabrous, erect ; anthers ovate, with distinct parallel cells. Ovary

2-celled, 2-ovuled; style exserted, with an entire slightly capi-

tellate stigma; ovule erect from the base of the cell, anatropous.

Mature fruit unknown.

A low branched shrub, glabrous, ericoid, resembling Stilbe or Eurylobium in

habit ; leaves in whorls of 3, crowded, linear, thick, with revolute margins ;

spike terminal, sessile among the upper leaves: flowers solitary, sessile in the

pve of the leaf-like bracts, with 2 lateral narrow bracteoles shorter than the

owers,

1 species, endemic.

1, X. Zeyheri (Briquet in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. 336); a low

much-branched shrub, 4-6 in. high; primary root (apparently)

persistent, erect, woody ; branches villous at the apex, erect or

ascending, slender, with internodes 1-1 lin. long, with grey bark ;

leaves sessile, in whorls of 3, hard, revolute, ericoid, villous above,

beneath green, shining and quite glabrous, crowded in somewhat

villous fascicles at the apices of the sterile branches, 2 lin.

long ; spike about 3 lin. long, 2 lin. broad ; calyx membranous,

glabrous or subglabrous, with nerves obscure without, about 12 lin.

long; tube about 1 lin. long; upper lip of 3 lobes connate for

half their length ; lower lip of 2 free lobes, Jess than } lin. long ;

lobes ovate-oblong, obtuse, villous within and at the margins,

violet ; corolla-tube pilose within in the upper part, glabrous or

glabrescent without, 2 lin. long; limb spreading ; lobes of the upper

lip oblong-linear, obtuse, l-nerved, about 3 lin, long ; lobes of the

lower lip much shorter than (but otherwise similar to) those of the

upper; stamens erect, exserted, glabrous, about 25 lin. long; style

very little shorter than the ovary. Stilbe Zeyheri, Briquet, lc. 338.

Sourn Arrica: without precise locality, Ecklon and Zeyher, 8 in Herb.

Delessert.

Lantana] — VERBENACE® (Pearson). 189

VI, LANTANA, Linn,

Calyx small, membranous, tubular, truncate or lobed. Corolla-

tube narrow, cylindric, usually somewhat wider above the middle;

limb spreading, regular or obscurely 2-lipped, with 4-5 broad obtuse

or emarginate lobes. Stamens 4, didynamous, inserted about the

middle of the tube, included; anthers ovate, with parallel cells.

Ovary of 1 carpel, 2-celled; cells 1-ovuled; ovule erect, inserted at

or near the base of the cell; style usually short; stigma thickened,

oblique or sublateral. Fruit drupaceous with more or less fleshy

mesoearp ; endocarp hard, 2-celled or spontaneously separating when

ripe into 2 l-celled 1-seeded portions (pyrenes).

Shrubs, seldom herbs, erect, scabrid, pubescent or tomentose with simple hairs ;

leaves opposite, toothed, serrate or crenate, usually rugose ; spikes (in the South

African species) axillary, pedunculate, many-flowered, contracted into small

subglobose or cylindric heads ; flowers red, orange, white or variegated, small or

medium-sized, sessile, solitary in the axils of the bracts; bracts ovate or oblong,

broad at the base; bracteoles minute, or 0,

Species about 50, mostly Tropical American; several extensively introduced

into the Tropical and sub-Tropical regions of the Old World; 3 in South Africa,

including 1 introduced.

Branches unarmed :

Calyx prominently 4-ribbed ; bracts not exceeding

14 lin. long ... at ee yee ae re

Calyx not ribbed; bracts (at least the lower ones)

exceeding 2 lin, long ise oe

Branches armed ss

1. L. galpiniana (H. H. W. Pearson) ; an erect, branched leafy

shrub; branches unarmed, prominently tetragonal, scabrid, with

striated reddish-brown bark, pubescent in the young parts; inter-

nodes 1-2 in. long ; leaves opposite, bearing in their axils short

leafy branches, shortly petiolate or subsessile, oblong-ovate, some-

what rounded or narrowed at the base, obtuse, with crenate-serrate

revolute and thickened margins, scabrid and rugose above, scabrid-

pubescent on the midrib and primary and secondary nerves beneath,

profusely punctate-glandular, with 4-5 curved ascending primary

nerves on each side impressed above, very prominent beneath,

8-11 in, long, 1-3 in. broad; petiole not exceeding 2 lin. long ;

spikes 1-3 in the leaf-axils, subglobose or cylindric, up to 23 lin. in

diam. ; peduncle pubescent, shorter than the leaves; bracts crowded,

imbricate, obovate or subcuneate, with a truncate base, abruptly

acuminate, pubescent towards the apex and along the margins,

1-12 lin. long, about 2 lin. broad ; calyx shortly 2-lobed, with

4 prominent ribs, densely pubescent without, glabrous within,

1_8 lin, long; lobes rounded ; corolla pubescent without in the upper

eae : as

part, glabrous within, slightly exceeding the bract, about 1} lin. long ;

young fruit oblong, apiculate owing to the persistent base of the style,

drupaceous, glabrous.

Katanani Region: Transvaal ; Johannesburg, Jeppes Town Ridges, 6000 ft.,

Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6165 !

(1) galpiniana,

(2) salvifolia.

(3) Camara,

190 VERBENACE® (Pearson). [ Lantana.

2. L. salvifolia (Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. iii. 18, t. 285); an erect,

much-branched, aromatic shrub, 3-6 ft. high; branches unarmed,

tetragonal, scabrid, densely pubescent or villous in the younger parts ;

leaves opposite, or in whorls of 3 or 4, shortly petiolate, oblong-

ovate, rounded or subcordate at the base, more or less decurrent on

the petiole, obtuse or subacute, coarsely crenate or crenate-serrate,

scabrid-pubescent or pubescent and more or less rugose above,

villous-tomentose, pubescent, scabrid-pubescent or -puberulous on the

veins beneath, profusely punctate-glandular, with 4—5 ascending

primary nerves on each side impressed above, prominent beneath,

4—1} in. long, 3—1 in. broad ; petiole 1-4 lin. long; spike peduncu-

late, axillary, subglobose, becoming cylindric, 1-1 in. in diam.,

up to 1 in. long ; peduncle acutely tetragonal, scabrid-pubescent,

shorter or longer than the leaves; bracts herbaceous, imbricate,

becoming separated in fruit by the elongation of the internodes of

the axis, deciduous, the lower ones frequently barren, sessile, broadly

oblong-ovate, acuminate, obtuse, with entire revolute or flat margins,

5—7-nerved at the base, profusely punctate-glandular, puberulous or

pubescent, 2-6 lin. long, 1-323 lin. broad ; ealyx tubular, loosely

investing the base of the corolla-tube, obscurely 2-lobed or 4-toothed,

glandular, glabrous within, more or less distinctly 4-nerved,

pubescent without and on the margin, 8-1 lin. long; corolla-tube

straight, slightly dilated about the middle, pubescent and glandular

without above the middle, glabrous within, }—} in. long; ovary and

style glabrous, about 1 lin. long; drupe subglobose, purple, with a

sweet edible pulp, glabrescent, about 2 lin. long, 14 lin. broad;

endocarp hard, bony, deeply furrowed ; pyrene ovoid, acute, flattened

at the commissure, 14—14 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad. Linn. Sp. Pl.

ed. 2,875; Thunb. Prodr. 98, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 459; Hiern

in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw, i. 827; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr.

v. 276 partly. L. alba, Mill. ex Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol.

ii. 126; Walp. Rep. iv. 68; Schauer in DO. Prod. xi. 606.

L. salviefolia, E. Meyer, Comm. 273; Drége in Linnea xx. 202;

Walp. Rep. iv. 64; Schauer in DO. Prod. xi. 605. L. rugosa,

Thunb. Prodr. 98, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 459. L. indica, Roxb.

Hort. Beng. 46; Wight, Ic. Pl. t. 1464; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl.

Brit. Ind. iv. 562. Lippia caffra, Sonder in Linnza, xxiii, 88.

Camara salviefolia, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. 250, OC.

salviwfolia, var, transvalensis, O. Kuntze, l. ¢.

Sourn Arrica: without precise locality, Harvey, 572! Zeyher, 1370! 1371!

Masson ! Alewander !

Coast REGION : Mossel Bay Div.; ondry hills on the eastern side of Gauritz

River, Burchell, 6413! Uitenhage Div.; near the Zwartkops River, between

Villa Paul Maria and Uitenhage, 50-500 ft., Zeyher, 1873! Ecklon § Zeyher!

in thickets near Uitenhage, MacOwan, Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1885! amongst other

shrubs near the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 454! near brooks at the foot of Winter-

hoek Mountains, Krauss, 1134, and without precise locality, Pappe ! Alexandria

Div. ; Oliphants Hoek, Pappe! Albany Div. ; Fish River Heights, Hutton / near

Grahamstown, Bolton! and without precise locality, Williamson! Fort Beaufort

Div.; on grassy hills near the Kat River, Drége, and without precise locality,

Cooper, 416! 453! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 143! Bastern Frontier, Hutton !

Lantana.] VERBENACE® (Pearson). 191

CENTRAL ReGion: Beaufort West Div.; near Rhenoster Kop, 3000 ft.,

Drége. Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet, on rugged hills, 2600 ft., Bolus,

52! Drége. Cradock Div.; near Cradock, Kuntze. Somerset Div.; Modder

Fontein, near Brak River, 2500 ft., Drége !

Karanari Region: Hay Div.; on the Asbestos Mountains, near the Kloof

Village, Burchell, 2055! Bechuanaland; plains between ‘‘ Olive Tree Station

and Last Water Station, Burchell, 2325! on Maadji Mountain, Burchell, 2368!

Orange River Colony, Vaal River, Burke! Transvaal; hills above Aapjes River,

Rehmann, 4260! Zeyher (October) ! Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6185! near Pretoria,

Wilms, 1177! Johannesburg, Kuntze.

EAsteRNn Reaion: Transkei; near the Bashee River, 500 ft., Drége. Krelis

Country, Bowker, 9! near Butterworth, Bowker, 387! Tembuland ; Qumancu

River, Baur, 473! Natal; near Pietermaritzburg, Wilms, 2207! near Greytown,

Wilms, 2208! near Durban, Sanderson, 147! Gerrard § McKen, 42! 599! 634!

637! Inanda, Wood, 246! on the hills between Umzimculu River and Umko-

manzi River, among tall grasses, below 500 ft., Drége, and without precise locality,

Harvey! Cooper, 1287! 3017! Delagoa Bay; Rikatla, Junod, 65.

Also in Tropical Africa and India.

The berries are used for food in Zululand in times of scarcity ; native names

“ Uguguvama ” and (?) “ Umpema” (Kew Bulletin, 1898, 53).

This species, as defined above, is very variable; in thus treating it I have

followed Hiern and Baker. Jacquin’s type (which I have seen) is finely silky-

tomentose (or pubescent) on the under surfaces of the leaves which are hardly

rugose. A Durban specimen (Sanderson, 147) exactly represents this typical

form which, however, is not confined to Natal. Kuntze distinguishes his var.

transvalensis by its narrow leaves which are not rugose ; although the material

examined includes specimens possessing these characters, I cannot regard them as

constituting a definite variety ; the relative length and breadth and the rugosity of

the leaves often vary considerably in the same specimen, The plant upon which

Sonder founded his Lippia caffra (Aapjes River, Zeyher) is very small and

imperfect ; it is, however, exactly matched by a fruit-bearing specimen from

Bechuanaland (Burchell, 2325 in Herb. Kew.) which is merely a villous form of

Lantana salvifolia.

3. L. Camara (Linn. Sp. Pl. 627) ; an erect shrub, 4-8 ft. high ;

branches tetragonal, furrowed, armed with few or many irregular,

recurved prickles, hispid at the nodes, with a few scattered stiff hairs

on the internodes; leaves opposite, petiolate, ovate, cordate or sub-

cordate at the base, obtuse or subacute, with crenate-serrate margins,

slightly rugose, seabrid-pubescent above and on the veins beneath,

punctate-glandular, with 4-6 ascending primary nerves on each side

slightly impressed above, prominent beneath ; petiole 1—% in. long ;

blade 18-22 in. long, 1-1} in. broad; spike pedunculate, axillary,

solitary, subglobose, 2-1 in, in diam.; peduncle subtetragonal,

scabrid-pubescent, 1-21 in. long; bracts herbaceous, oblong-lanceo-

late, acute, 3-nerved, puberulous or pubescent, 24-4 lin. long, ® lin,

broad; outer flowers red, inner yellowish-white ; calyx tubular,

loosely investing the base of the corolla-tube, obscurely 2-lobed,

minutely 4-toothed, distinctly 4-nerved, glabrous within, pubescent

without and on the margin, 8-1 lin. long; corolla-tube straight,

dilated above the middie, pubescent without, glabrous within,

1_1 in. long; posterior lip more or less emarginate ; anterior sinuate,

obscurely crenate ; drupe about the size of a small pea, black, shining,

glabrous, Lam. Encycl. i, 565, and Ill. t, 540, fig. 1; Murr. Syst.

192 VERBENACEE (Pearson). [ Lantana,

Vey. ed. 14, 566; Walp. Rep. iv. 61; Schauer in DC. Prod, xi.

598 ; Olarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 562; Baker in Dyer, Fl.

Trop. Afr. v. 275. L. aculeata, Linn. Sp. Pl. 627, and Mant. 419 ;

Lam. Encycl. i. 566, and Iil. t. 540, fig. 2; Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. 14,

566; Gertn. Fruct. i. 267, t. 56, fig. 4; Walp. 1.¢.59; Bot.

Mag. t. 96. L. scabrida, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, ii, 352; Walp.

6, 60,

Coast Ree@ion; Cape Diy. ; on the Devils Mountain near Rondebosch, Wilms,

3530!

Eastern Reaion: Natal; near Durban, Wilms, 2205! and without precise

locality, Cooper, 3018!

A Tropical American species, widely introduced in the Old World.

VII. LIPPIA,. Linn.

Calyx sraall, membranous, ovoid-campanulate or compressed,

9-4-lobed, 4-toothed, more or less truncate, 2-keeled, slightly

accrescent, ultimately 2-valved enclosing (sometimes adhering to)

the fruit. Corolla with cylindric, straight or curved tube, somewhat

widened at the throat, rarely shorter than the bract ; limb spreading,

oblique, more or less 2-lipped, 4-lobed; lobes broad, frequently

emarginate, the anterior (lower) being somewhat larger than the

posterior (upper) and the 2 lateral equal and smaller than the

posterior. Stamens 4, didynamous, inserted near the middle of the

corolla-tube, included or somewhat exserted; anthers ovate, with

parallel cells. Ovary of 1 carpel, 2-eelled; cells 1-ovuled ; ovule

erect, inserted at or near the base of the cell ; style usually short ;

stigma terminal, oblique or recurved, thickened, Fruit small, with

a hard dry epicarp, enclosed in the slightly accrescent, closely

adpressed calyx; endocarp hard and bony, easily separated (or falling

asunder spontaneously) into 2 1-seeded portions (pyrenes). Seeds

exalbuminous.

Shrubs or undershrubs, rarely herbs, with variously hairy, rarely glabrous

epidermis; leaves opposite or in whorls of 3 (occasionally 4), rarely alternate ;

spike slender, elongate and lax, cylindric and dense, or short, and subglobose,

becoming more or less cylindric as the fruit matures; flowers small, sessile,

solitary in the axils of broadly imbricate (in the denser spikes) or small

bracts.

About 110 species, chiefly in Tropical America; 10 in Tropical Africa.

The Sonth African species belong to the subgenus Zapania, Benth., Section 4.

Euzapania, Briq. § a, Awillifore, Briq., of which the characters are :—

Spikes short, contracted, usually capituliform becoming more or less elongated

during and after flowering, pedunculate, axillary. Bracts broad, persistent,

imbricate, concave or flat, concealing the calyx. Calyx short, tubular, sometimes

compressed, not winged.

Prostrate herbs, rooting at the nodes :

Bracts rounded or shortly apiculate ; adult leaves

more thanlin. long... vas 7 ..» (1) nodiflora,

Bracts caudate-acuminate; adult leaves less than

1 in. long ... ‘sk oe ca “et .-» (2) reptans.

Lippia. | VERBENACE® (Pearson). 193

Hrect undershrubs :

Calyx distinctly 2-lobed :

Bracts more than 2 lin. long and 14 lin

broad, exceeding the flowers nes ae

Bracts less than 2 lin. long and 14 lin. broad,

not exceeding the flowers .., ap “

Calyx truncate, subtruncate or obscurely 2-

lobed :

Leaves serrate or crenate-serrate :

Bracts more than 2 lin, long; calyx

truncate or obscurely 4-toothed ... (5) Wilmsii.

Bracts less than 2 lin. long; calyx

obscurely 2-lobed :

Adult leaves elliptic, not more than

(3) scaberrima,

(4) asperifolia,

1 in, long... ies oe ... (6) Rehmanni.

Adult leaves ovate, more than

1} in. long ses es -. (7) bazeiana.

Leaves crenate... Ne a sae ... (8) pretoriensis.

1. L. nodiflora (Michx. Flor. Bor. Am. ii. 15); a creeping per-

ennial herb rooting at the nodes, obscurely pubescent, with closely

adpressed silvery-white canoe-shaped unicellular hairs attached

by the middle, acuminate and serrulate at both ends; stem

ridged, with internodes 11~3 in. long; leaves opposite, sessile

or petiolate, obovate, cuneate and entire in the basal half, sharply

and coarsely dentate towards the rounded or subacute apex, with the

midrib and ascending primary lateral nerves obscure or slightly

prominent, 11-12 in. long, }—2 in. broad; spike subglobose, solitary,

up to # in, long, 2-23 lin. in diam.; peduncle 1-24 in, long ; bracts

not exceeding the flowers, obovate or subrhomboid, cuneate at the

base, truncate, more or less rounded, apiculate or shortly mucronate

at the apex, with a narrow membranous sinuate entire or obscurely

serrate margin, glabrous above, 11-—1% lin. long, 13-13, lin. broad ;

calyx deeply 2-lobed, compressed, mitre-shaped, puberulous on the

prominent keels with simple adpressed hairs attached by their bases,

elsewhere thinly membranous and glabrous, 1-1} lin. long; lobes

acuminate, ciliate ; corolla white, minutely and obscurely puberulous

without beneath the lower (anterior) lobe, otherwise glabrous,

11-2 lin. long, later raised as a calyptra by the ripening fruit ;

upper lip erect, bifid; lower larger than the upper, obscurely

3-lobed with the middle lobe oblong, about } lin. long; pyrene

very shortly oblong, plano-convex, flattened at the commissure,

acute, obtuse or rounded at the apex, glabrous, minutely Tugose,

3 lin. long. Walp. Rep. iv. 49 ; Schauer in DC. Prod. xi. 585;

C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 568; Baker in Dyer,

Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 279. Verbena nodiflora, Linn. Sp. Pl. 20;

Burm. Fl. Ind. t. 6, fig.1. V. capitata, Forsk. Fl. Aigypt.-Arab.

10. Blairea nodiflora, Gaertn. Fruct. i. 266, t. 56. Zapania nodi-

flora, Lam, Til. 59, t. 17, fig. 3; R. Br. Prodr. i. 514; Hochst. in

Flora, 1845, 68.

Eastern ReoGion: Natal; Mount Edgecumbe, Wood, 1127! Durban, Reh-

mann, 8814! Gerrard and McKen, 817! in sandy places near the mouth of the

Umlaas (Umlazi) River, Krauss, 182! in sandy places near the seashore, between

VOL, VY. 0

194 VERBENACE® (Pearson.) | Lippia.

Umtentu River and Umzimkulu River, Drége / and without precise locality,

Sanderson, 384! Zululand; without precise locality, Gerrard, 511! Delagoa

Bay; without precise locality, Forbes! Junod, 257.

Common in waste places in the warmer regions of both hemispheres,

The South African specimens include Schauer’s two varieties, sarmentosa and

repens with intermediate’ forms. ‘

2. L. reptans (H. B. & K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. 263); a creeping

perennial herb, obscurely pubescent with closely-adpressed hairs

similar in form to those of S. nodiflora ; stem prostrate and rooting

at the nodes or ascending, terete or subterete ; internodes about

1 in. long; leaves opposite, petiolate, obovate, cuneate and entire

towards the base, coarsely and acutely serrate-dentate towards the

rounded or acute apex with obseure ascending primary lateral nerves,

punctate-glandular, about # in. long, 3-1 in. broad; spike ovoid,

solitary, about 4 lin. long, 2-3 lin. in diam.; peduncle slender,

terete, glabrescent, 2-23 in. long; bracts herbaceous, shorter than

the flowers, obovate-cuneate or suborbicular, shortly caudate-acumi-

nate, keeled, with a ciliate membranous margin, glabrous above,

pubescent beneath, 13-2 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad; calyx with

2 short acuminate ciliate lobes, compressed, mitre-shaped, pubes-

cent on the keels with simple spreading hairs attached by their bases,

elsewhere thinly membranous, minutely pubescent or glabrous,

1-12 lin. long; corolla white becoming red, glabrous, 23—3 lin. long ;

posterior lobe erect, broadly oblong, shortly bifid; anterior obseurely

3-lobed ; ovary and style 4—% lin. long; pyrene (immature) ovoid,

flattened at the commissure, * lin. long, 1—} lin. broad. Walp. Rep.

iv. 48; Schauer in DC. Prod. xi. 584. L. strigulosa, Mart. et Gal.

in Bull. Acad. Roy. Brux. xi. (1844) 319.

eee, Reaion : Cape Div. ; damp ground in Raapenberg Vley, Wolley Dod,

A native of the West Indies and Tropical America; introduced into South

Africa,

3. L. scaberrima (Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 87) ; an erect aromatic

scabrid shrub, 1-2 ft. high; stem and branches tetragonal, striate,

seabrid, glandular ; leaves opposite, narrowly lanceolate, or elliptic-

lanceolate, narrowed into the very short petiole, 3-nerved at the

base, with margins scabrid, entire towards the base, crenate-serrulate

from about the middle to the apex, subacute, scabrid on both

surfaces, with the primary nerves impressed above, prominent

beneath, profusely punctate-glandular, 1-11 in. long, 2-3 lin. broad ;

spike ovoid, solitary, up to 6 lin. long, 2-5 lin. in diam. ; peduncle

striate, scabrid-puberulous, 1-2 in. long; bracts exceeding the

flowers, broadly ovate, shortly cuspidate, sometimes rounded and

obtuse at the apex, with numerous parallel nerves, glandular,

puberulous or pubescent, with an entire ciliate margin, 2-5 lin.

long, 11-3 lin. broad; calyx 2-lobed, compressed, mitre-shaped,

pubescent without, glabrous within, 1-1 as long as the corolla ;

lobes acute, obtuse or rounded at the apex, 1—} lin, long; corolla

Lippia.] VERBENACE® (Pearson.) 195

glandular, pubescent without and within, 1}-24 lin. long; anterior

lip broad, with a sinuate margin, rounded or subemarginate, larger

than the broadly oblong posterior; ovary and style 1-1} lin. long ;

pyrene smooth, glabrous, semiglobose, $—1 lin. long.

Katauart Recion: Orange River Colony ; Sand River, Zeyher, 1372! Burke /

between the Vaal River and Rhenoster Berg, Mrs. Bowker, 665! Griqualand

West ; banks of the Vaal and Harts Rivers, Holub! Bechuanaland ; Barolong

Territory, Holub/ Transvaal; Jeppes Town Ridges, Johannesburg, about

6000 ft., Gilfillan in Herb., Galpin, 6246!

4. L. asperifolia (Rich. Cat. Hort. Med. Par. 67, ex H. B. & K.

Noy. Gen. et Sp. ii. 265) ; an erect much-branched aromatic shrub,

4-5 ft. high (Gerrard); adult stems terete or subangular, striate,

scabrid-pubescent ; leaves opposite or in whorls of 3 or 4, shortly

petioled or sessile, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, cuneate at the base,

obtuse or subacute, serrate or crenate-serrate, rugose, with 4-7

ascending primary nerves on each side impressed above, prominent

beneath, scabrid-pubescent above, pubescent on the veins beneath,

4_]1 in, long, 1-} in. broad; spikes small, globose, with a pubescent

axis, solitary or 2-4 together, up to 5 lin, long, 2-3 lin. in diam. ;

peduncle 1-13 in. long; braets not exceeding the flower, broadly

ovate, obovate or slightly obeordate, shortly and abruptly acuminate

or caudate-acuminate, silky-pubescent and glandular beneath, glabrous

3_] lin, broad; calyx 2-lobed, compressed, densely

above, 1—1+ lin. long, $

pubescent without, glabrous within, {-1 lin. long; lobes shorter than

the tube, subacute, obtuse or rounded ; corolla white, glandular and

pubescent without in the upper part (more densely so in the lateral

regions) glabrous or minutely pubescent within, 13-2 lin. long;

posterior lobe broadly triangular, somewhat cordate at the base,

smaller than the anterior; pyrene oblong, plano-convex, flattened at

the commissure. Kunth, Syn. ii. 54; Walp. Rep. iv. 47; Schauer

in DC. Prod. xi. 583; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 280. L.

capensis, Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 751. L. scabra, Hochst. in Flora,

1845, 68; Walp. U. c. 134. Verbena globifora, L’Herit. Stirp.

Nov. 23, t. 12 (excl. syn.) ; Willd. Sp. Pil. i. 116. V. capensis,

Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 447. Zapania odoratissima, Scop.

Delic. i, 34, t. 15. Z. lantanoides, Lam. qu. i, 08. 2. odorata,

Pers. Syn. ii. 140. Z. globiflora, Poir. in Lam. Encyel. viii. 840.

Lantana lavandulacea, Willd. Sp. Pl. im. 319; Jacg. Hort.

Schoenbr, iii. 59, t. 361; Walp. 1. c. 64.

Sourn AFRICA: without precise locality, Drége !

Coast Region: Albany Div.; in thickets near Grahamstown, MacOwan !

King Williamstown Div, ; on the banks of the Buffalo River, near King Williams-

town, Pappe! Drége! in rough places on the mountains near King Williamstown,

1500 ft., Tyson in MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 848!

Krantz Kloof, Kuntze. Keiskamma, Mrs. Hutton / Eastern frontier, MacOwan,

503! Hutton! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 156! ;

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1182!

Eastern Recron: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker, 276! Natal; Inanda,

1800 ft., Wood, 32! coast land, Sutherland! at the edges of the woods around

Durban Bay, Krauss, 247! between Durban and Maritzburg, Sanderson, 97 !

o 2

196 VERBENACE® (Pearson). (Lippia.

near Durban, Gerrard and McKen, 638! near the Tugela River, Gerrard, 635!

and without precise locality, Cooper, 1006! Gerrard, 61! Grant!

Native name “Um-Suswane’’; used medicinally (J. Medley Wood, Ann, Rep.

Col. Herb. 1892). In British Kaffraria known as “‘ Fever-tea.”

Also in Tropical Africa and Tropical America.

5, L. Wilmsii (H. H. W. Pearson); an erect shrub, 1-2 ft. high ;

stem terete or subangular, scabrid-pubescent, glandular; leaves

opposite, narrowly elliptic or elliptic-oblong, obtuse or subacute,

cuneately narrowed into the short petiole, serrate, rugose, with

5-7 ascending primary nerves on each side impressed above, promi-

nent beneath, scabrid-pubeseent above and on the primary and

seeondary nerves beneath, elsewhere glabrous, punctate-glandular,

1-8 in. long, 1-2 in. broad; spikes subglobose, solitary or in pairs,

up to 7 lin, long, 3-4 lin. in diam. ; peduncle terete towards the

base, tetragonal above, striate, glandular, pubescent or scabrid-

pubescent, 2-14 in. long; bracts narrowly ovate with a truncate

base, acuminate, pubescent, glandular; outer ones 4 lin. long, 14 lin.

broad, inner 23-3 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad; calyx truneate or

obscurely 4-toothed, with 4 distinct nerves, pubescent without,

glabrous within, 3-12 lin. long; corolla pubescent without in the

upper part, more densely so in the lateral regions, glandular, glabrous

within, about twice as long as the calyx; lobes entire, the anterior

larger; ovary and style 11-15 lin. long; pyrene shortly oblong,

plano-convex, flattened at the commissure, smooth or very delicately

sculptured, glabrous, 1 lin. long, 3—% lin. broad.

KALAHARI Region: Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1180!

The following Tropical African specimens also belong to this species, which

should be added to the Flora of Tropical Africa :—British Hast Africa : Ukamba ;

Scott-Elliot, 6484! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mount Zomba, 4000-

6000 ft., Whyte/ and without precise locality, Buchanan, 1381! Rhodesia :

Inyanga Mountains, 6000-7000 ft., Hvelyn Cecil, 219!

6. L. Rehmanni (H. H. W. Pearson); an ereet shrub, much_

branched above, exceeding 1 ft. in height ; adult stems tetragonal,

striate, scabrid-pubescent, with rounded angles; internodes 1-2 in.

long ; leaves opposite, sessile or shortly petioled, elliptic, cuneate at

the base, acute or obtuse, with crenate-serrate slightly recurved

margins, with 5 ascending primary nerves on each side impressed

above, prominent beneath, rugose, scabrid-pubescent above and on

the nerves and veins beneath, punctate-glandular, 1-14 in. long,

5-6 lin, broad ; spike (in fruit) cylindric or ovoid-cylindric, with a

pubescent axis, solitary, up to 7 lin. long, 3 lin, in diam. ; peduncle

terete in the lower 4, dilated and tetragonal above, pubescent, 4-1 in.

long ; bracts broadly ovate or obovate, with a truncate base, shortly

acuminate, densely pubescent, 14-14 lin. long, 1 lin. broad ; calyx

subtruncate or with 2 very short rounded lobes, distinctly nerved,

densely pubescent without, glabrous within, 1 lin. long; corolla

pubescent without and within above the middle, 12 lin. long; pyrene

Lippia.| VERBENACES (Pearson), 197

semiglobose or shortly obovoid, plano-convex, flattened at the

commissure, glabrous, }—% lin, Jong.

KALAHARI ReGion: Transvaal ; hills above Aapies River, Rehmann, 4259 !

7. L. bazeiana (H. H. W. Pearson) ; a low erect shrub; adult

stems terete, striate, glandular, scabrid-puberulous or -pubescent ;

leaves opposite, shortly petioled, ovate, acute or obtuse, coarsely

serrate, slightly rugose, with 4-5 ascending primary nerves on each

side impressed above, prominent beneath, scabrid above and on the

prineipal nerves beneath, punctate-glandular, 13-27 in. long, 3-1 in.

broad ; spike globose, solitary, up to 8 lin. long, about 4 lin. in diam. ;

peduncle angular, 4-grooved, scabrid-puberulous or -pubescent,

12-2 in, long; bracts ovate, acuminate or caudate-acuminate, densely

pubescent and profusely glandular, 14-3 lin. long ; calyx compressed,

very shortly 2-lobed, adpressed-pubescent without, glabrous within,

1-8 lin. long; lobes rounded ; corolla pubescent without in the

upper part, puberulous within, about 2 lin. long; anterior lobe broad,

entire or subemarginate ; posterior sinuate, smaller than the anterior ;

ovary and style about 1 lin. long; pyrene shortly oblong, plano-

convex, flattened at the commissure, smooth, glabrous, } lin. long,

3-1 lin. broad.

Eastern Recton: Tembuland; Bazeia, 2000 ft., Baur, 462!

8. L. pretoriensis (H. H. W. Pearson) ; an erect shrub exeeeding

11 ft. in height; adult stems tetragonal, striate, scabrid-pubescent,

with rounded glabrescent angles; internodes about 21 in. long ;

leaves opposite, shortly petioled, elliptic-oblong, more or less narrowed

at both ends, obtuse, with crenate thickened and recurved margins,

with 4-6 ascending primary nerves on each side impressed above,

prominent beneath, scabrid-puberulous above, scabrid-pubescent on

the nerves and veins beneath, punctate-glandular, 2-2} in. long,

8 in. broad; spike small, globose, with a glabrous axis, solitary,

2-21 lin. in diam. ; peduncle slender, terete, pubescent, 1}-1} in.

long; bracts broadly ovate, acuminate, with a truncate or sub-

cordate base, 3-7-nerved at the base, with a prominent midrib,

pubescent; outer ones 23-3 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, inner 13-2 lin.

long, 3-1 lin, broad ; calyx very shortly 2-lobed with rounded lobes,

glabrous within, pubescent without and on the margin, 3—% lin. long;

corolla densely pubescent on the outside above the middle, glabrous

within, 1-2 lin. long ; fruit not seen.

KALAHARI Rucion : Transvaal; Wonderboom Poort, near Pretoria, Rehmann,

4523!

VIII. BOUCHEA, Chamisso.

Calyx narrowly tubular, prominently 5-ribbed, obliquely truncate

or 5-toothed, usually becoming more or less dilated below as the fruit

ripens, at length splitting longitudinally in front. Corolla: tube

long, slender, cylindric, slightly widening at the throat, straight or

198 -VERBENACE# (Pearson). [ Bouchea.

curved ; limb spreading, oblique, with 5 subequal short broad

obtuse or emarginate lobes. Stamens 4, perfect, didynamous,

inserted in the upper part of the corolla-tube, included ; filaments

very short ; anthers ovate, with parallel cells. Ovary of 1 carpel,

2-celled, 2-ovuled, glabrous; gynophore short, fleshy, and basal or

flattened and forming an anterior scale; ovule basal, erect ; style

terminal, filiform, somewhat thickened above, at the apex unequally

divided into an anterior club-shaped stigmatic lobe and a posterior

small or minute tooth; stigma terminal, oblique, laminar, sub-

bilobed. Fruit usually shorter than the calyx-tube and enclosed

in it, oblong, hard, with a smooth, striated or sculptured surface,

attached to the gynophore by a basal or anterior more or less concave

area (areole), when ripe remaining intact or spontaneously separating

into 2 1-seeded cocci.

Perennial herbs or low undershrubs ; leaves opposite or subopposite, toothed or

incised, seldom entire ; inflorescence a terminal spike or simple spicate raceme ;

flowers sessile or shortly pedicellate, solitary in the axils of persistent bracts ;

bracts small, usually narrow ; bracteoles minute or 0.

About 25 species in Tropical and South Africa, Tropical America and India.

The South African species are here grouped in Schauer’s sections Rhagocarpium

and Chascanum (Schauer in DC, Prod. xi. 557), the characters of which are,

however, somewhat modified. :

In the second group of the section Vhascanum, the aborted carpel is probably

represented by the anterior scale-like gynophore.

Section 1. RuaGocarPrum. Cocci separating spontaneously when ripe;

each with an obliquely basal pit-like areole ; bracteoles 0.

Leaves oblong or elliptic, acute or subacute at the

apex :

Bracts obtuse or subacute; flowers sessile ;

corolla-tube not exceeding 1 in. long ... (1) adenostachya.

Bracts acuminate; flowers shortly stalked ; :

corolla-tube 14-14 in. long ... A ve

Leaves cuneate, cuneate-orbicular or -ovate, rounded

or obtuse at the apex:

Leaves acutely toothed, glandular-pubescent

(2) longipetala.

beneath ag ve ae ... (3) hederacea.

Leaves obtusely toothed or crenate, hirsute on

the nervesbeneath .... oes ive ... (4) Wilmsii.

Leaves lanceolate eee we iss see ... (5) Sehlechteri.

Section 2, Cuascanum. Ripe fruit rot separating spontaneously into cocci;

areole basal or on the anterior face ; flowers bracteolate,

Areole basal :

Leaves toothed, not more than 4 in.

broad ‘ .» (6) cuneifolia,

Leaves entire, not less than1lin. broad ... (7) latifolia.

Areole on the anterior face of the fruit :

Spike 4-12 in, long. (See also 13, pinnati-

da) Soi ue bi oh ... (8) garepensis.

Spike not more than 3 in. long:

Leaves whorled (rarely opposite),

crowded te wes ase ... (9) cernua,

Bouchea.] VERBENACES (Pearson), 199

Leaves opposite, distant :

Leaves dentate or serrate :

Whole plant externally glab-

rous oe see ... (10) glandulifera.

Plant minutely pubescent or

puberulous :

Leaves cuneate or ob-

long-cuneate, livid;

entire except at the

rounded apex ... (11) namaquana,

Leaves _ ovate - oblong

with distantly toothed

margins ne ... (12) pumila.

Leaves deeply pinnatiparti ... (13) pinnatifida.

1. B. adenostachya (Schauer in DC. Prod. xi, 560) ; a low under-

shrub, branched at the base, about 1 ft. high ; stems terete, hirsute

with spreading and reflexed hairs; leaves opposite, subopposite or

scattered, oblong or elliptic, narrowed from the middle into the very

short petiole, obtuse or subacute, acutely 5-9-toothed in the apical

half, 3-nerved at the base, glandular-pubescent, especially on the

nerves beneath, 2-12 in. long, 1-3} in. broad; spike elongate,

bearing numerous closely adpressed white flowers, pubescent with

spreading and reflexed glandular hairs, 3-4 in. long; bracts sessile,

linear-subulate, obtuse, glandular-pubescent, 23-4 lin. long ; brac-

teoles 0; calyx obliquely and subequally 5-toothed, glandular-

pubescent without, glabrous within, 4-5 lin. long ; corolla-tube

narrow, curved, glabrous without, sparsely villous in the throat,

10-12 lin. long; lobes broadly obovate, entire, glabrous, 2-22 lin,

long, 13-2 lin. broad ; filaments glandular-puberulous ; fruit separating

spontaneously into 2 coeci when ripe; coecus cylindric, flattened at

the commissure, finely striate below, reticulately sculptured above,

22 lin. long.

Katanari Recon : Griqualand West ; Hebron, Nelson, 189! ‘Bechuanaland ;

near the ruins at Kuruman, Burchell, 2426! near Hamapery, Burchell, 2495/1!

at Kosi Fontein, Burchell, 2561! 2582! Orange River Colony ; low situations on

the Witte Bergen, Bowker, 705!

Schauer, not having seen the fruit, placed this species in the section

Chascanum (Schauer, |. c.). More complete material shows that its affinities are

with species of the group Rhagocarpium.

2. B. longipetala (H. H. W. Pearson); a low undershrub,

1-2 ft. high ; stem unbranched, erect, terete, clothed with a white

reflexed pubescence among which are seattered long white hairs ;

leaves alternate, petiolate, oblong, cuneately narrowed from the

middle to the base, decurrent on the petiole, obtuse or rounded at the

apex, coarsely and acutely dentate-serrate above the middle,

glandular-puberulous above, pubescent with white hairs beneath

especially on the nerves; nerves very distinet, impressed above,

prominent beneath; petiole pubescent, 1-3 lin. long; lamina

8-10 lin. long, 5-7 lin. broad ; raceme elongate, rather lax, bearing

many closely-adpressed white flowers, shortly pubescent with white

200 VERBENACE® (Pearson). [ Bouchea.

glandular hairs, about 8 in. long; bracts sessile, linear-lanceolate,

acute, with entire membranous ciliate margins, glandular-pubescent,

5 lin, long; calyx obliquely and unequally 5-toothed, glandular-

pubescent without, finely pubescent within; tube 4-5 lin. long ;

teeth not exceeding % lin. ; corolla-tube curved, glabrous without,

villous in the throat, 14-12 in. long ; filaments glandular-puberulous;

fruit spontaneously separating when ripe into 2 cocci 5 coccus

cylindrie, flattened at the commissure, reticulately sculptured at the

apex, longitudinally ridged below, 21-3 lin. long,

KALAHARI Reaion: Transvaal; eastern slopes of the Saddleback Mountain,

Barberton, 4500 ft., Galpin, 1171!

3. B. hederacea (Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 86); a low under-

shrub, branching at the base, 1-11 ft. high ; stems erect, terete,

hirsute and glandular-pubescent; leaves opposite, subopposite or

scattered, shortly petioled or subsessile, cuneate or cuneate-oblong,

with margins entire in the basal half, broadly and acutely dentate

towards the obtuse or rounded apex, glandular-pubescent, hirsute on

the nerves beneath, with nerves impressed above, prominent beneath,

4-1 in. long, 6-10 lin. broad; raeeme elongate, bearing many closely

adpressed flowers, glandular-pubescent with spreading or reflexed

hairs, 4—6 in. long ; bracts sessile, linear-acuminate, with membranous

margins extending from the base to above the middle, glandular-

pubescent beneath, puberulous above, ciliate on the margins, 21-3 lin,

~ long, $—1 lin. broad near the base; bracteoles 0; calyx shortly and

subequally 5-toothed, glandular-pubescent without, minutely puberu-

lous within, 5-53 lin. long; corolla-tube curved, glabrous without,

villous in the throat, 10-15 lin. long; lobes oblong or obovate,

obtuse or somewhat emarginate, about 2 lin. long; filaments

glandular-puberulous ; fruit separating spontaneously when ripe into

2 cocci; coccus cylindric, somewhat flattened at the commissure,

longitudinally ridged or striate below, reticulately sculptured above,

2-21 lin. long,

Var. 8, natalensis (H. H. W. Pearson) ;. leaves cuneate or cuneate-ovate,

obtuse or rounded at the apex, hirsute on the very prominent nerves beneath,

1-2} in. long, 3-14 in. broad ; bracts spreading or recurved at the tips.

KALAHARI REGION: Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Zeyher, 1867! Burke!

between Bronkhorst Spruit and Middelburg, Wilms, 1184! Pretoria, on the

hills above Apies River, Rehmann, 4261! Matebe Valley, Holub, 1945!

EAsteRN Recion: Var. 8. Natal; near the Tugela River, Gerrard §° McKen,

1246! on a rocky hill above Ladysmith, Wood, 4246 !

4. B. Wilmsii (Giirke in Notizblatt Konig]. bot. Gart. Berlin, iii.

(1900) 74); a low undershrub, about 1 ft. high ; stem unbranched,

erect, terete, glandular-pubescent and sparsely villous with long soft

white hairs; leaves opposite, shortly petioled or subsessile, cuneate-

orbicular or -ovate, with margins entire in the basal third, coarsely

crenate or dentate-crenate towards the rounded or obtuse apex,

punctate-glandular, adpressed puberulous above, glandular-pubescent

and hirsute on the nerves beneath, with the nerves depressed above,

Bouchea,| VERBENACEX& (Pearson). 201

prominent beneath, 1-13 in. broad; petioles not exceeding 1 in,

long; spike bearing many closely-adpressed flowers, densely

glandular-pubeseent, 7-9 lin. long; bracts sessile, linear, obtuse,

glandular-pubescent, 1-1 in, long, 3-1 lin. broad; bracteoles 0;

calyx narrowly tubular, obliquely and unequally 5-toothed, glandular-

pubescent without, finely puberulous within, 4-5 lin. long; teeth less

than 1 lin. long; corolla-tube thin, slightly curved in the upper part,

glabrous, about 1 in. long; lobes subequal, glabrous, 11 lin. broad;

stamens inserted in the throat of the corolla-tube; filaments

glandular-puberulous, 2—8 lin. long; fruit separating spontaneously

when ripe into 2 cocci ; coceus cylindric, flattened at the commissure,

longitudinally striate below the middle, finely reticulately sculptured

near the apex, 21~3 lin. long.

KataHari Region: Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1183 (December,

1895)! Wilms, 1188 (October, 1895). Komati Poort, Schlechter, 11771!

Giirke (1.c,) places this species in section Chascanum, on the ground that the cocci

are still coherent in the ripe fruit. This is not the case in the specimens

at Kew and the British Museum (Wilms, 1183, collected in December, 1895),

which have the fruit characters of section Rhagocarpium. Giirke further states

that the leaves are ‘obovate’? and the bracts ‘* lanceolate,’ with which also

our specimens do not agree. At the same time there is little doubt that our

specimens and those quoted by Giirke belong to the same species,

5. B. Schlechteri (Giirke in Notizblatt Kénigl. bot. Gart. Berlin,

ili. (1900) 75); a low undershrub exceeding | ft. high ; stems erect,

little-branched, glabrous at the base, pubescent above with very

short reflexed rather stiff hairs ; leaves opposite, sessile, lanceolate,

acuminate, narrowed at the base, entire, pubescent on both sides

with very short reflexed rather coarse hairs, up to 12 in, long,

2-23 lin. broad; spike short, lax-flowered, 21-31 in, long; bracts

sessile, lanceolate, acuminate, rough with reflexed hairs, 1-2 lin.

long; bracteoles 0; calyx narrowly tubular, shortly 5-toothed,

shortly pubescent, 4-5 lin. long; teeth about 3 lin. long; corolla-

tube very thin, slightly curved, 6-8 lin. long; lobes 5, subequal ;

fruit unknown,

Katanari ReGion: Transvaal; on the hills, near Komati Poort, Schlechter,

11764 !

Of this species I have not seen a specimen. The characters of the fruit being

unknown its position is somewhat doubtful: it is, however, provisionally placed

here on account of the absence of bracteoles,

6. B. cuneifolia (Schauer in DC. Prod. xi. 559) ; a much branched

low undershrub, 1-11 ft. high ; branches tetragonal, with 2 opposite

lines of pubescence alternating in successive internodes; leaves

broadly cuneate or oblong-cuneate, narrowed into the short petiole,

with a rounded apex, coarsely and acutely dentate, thick, obscurely

veined, sparsely puberulous on the margins and midrib near the base,

otherwise glabrous, 3-1 in. long, 1-3 in, broad ; raceme lax, minutely

puberulous, 3-6 in. long; flowers white; bracts linear-subulate,

minutely puberulous, 1-2 lin. long; bracteoles triangular-subulate,

202 VERBENACES& (Pearson). [ Bouchea.

4-1 lin. long; calyx equally 5-toothed, obseurely pubescent, 4—5 lin.

long; teeth 3-1 lin. long; corolla-tube curved, glabrous, 9-10 lin.

long; lobes subequal, oblong or obovate, rounded or slightly

emarginate at the apex, glabrous, 2-3 lin. long; filaments glandular-

puberulous; fruit oblong, sculptured, 23-3 lin. long, 1 lin. broad;

areole basal. Harvey, Thes. Cap. i. 18, t. 28. Buchnera cuneifolia,

Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 466. B. cernua, Houtt. Handi. ix.

542, ¢. 58, jig. 2. Phryma dehiscens, Linn. fil. Suppl. 277.

Chascanum cuneifolium, E. Meyer, Comm. 276; Maund and Hensl.

Botanist, iv. 196; Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 68. Deniseia dehiscens,

O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. 250.

South AFrica: without precise locality, Oldenburg! Forster! Holland,

60!

Coast Recion: Mossel Bay Div.; on dry hills on the Eastern side of Gauritz

River, Burchell, 6427! Uitenhage Div.; on the slopes of Winterhoek Moun-

tains, 1000 ft., Krauss, 1129! Addo, 1000-2000 ft., Ecklon & Zeyher,

3547! Zeyher, 842! and without precise locality, Alewander ! Alexandria Div. ;

on the Zuurberg Range, 2000 ft., Drége! Albany Div.; Fish River Heights,

Hutton! near Grahamstown, MacOwan, 125! near Glenfilling, 1000 ft., Drege!

in calcareous places on the hills of the eastern side of the Bushmans River,

Zeyher, 842! Fort Beaufort Div.: without precise locality, Ecklon § Zeyher!

between Konap River and Enon, Bawr, 1053! Peddie Div. ; Fredricksburg, Gill!

King Williamstown Diy.; on stony hills around King Williamstown, 1500 ft.,

Tyson in MacOwan ¥ Bolus, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 841! Kuntze. Queens-

town Div. ; lower slopes of mountains near Queenstown, 3900 ft., Galpin, 1665 !

British Kaffraria; without precise locality, Cooper, 209! 377! 378! Eastern

Frontier, Hallack !

CrentRAL ReGion: Prince Albert Div.; on rocky hills near Weltevrede,

2500-3000 ft., Drége! Somerset Div.; near Somerset East, Bowker! Graaff

Reinet Div. ; in stony places near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft., Bolus / in rocky soils

of the Karoo country, Bowie !

Eastern Reoion: Natal; Umkomaas (Umkomanzi) Cutting, Wood, 877!

one Darhen, below 400 ft., Drége/ near the Mooi River, Gerrard and McKen,

7. B. latifolia (Harvey, Thes. Cap. ii. 57, t. 190); a low under-

shrub, 2-3 ft. high ; stems little-branched, angular, softly pubescent

with short spreading white hairs; leaves erect, subsessile, broadly

obovate or ovate, acute or obtuse, cuneate at the base, entire, gland-

dotted, softly pubescent, with 2-4 ascending primary lateral nerves

on each side, obscure above, prominent beneath, 1}-2% in. long,

1-1} in. broad; raceme densely pubescent, bearing many crowded

spreading white flowers, 21-5 in. long; bracts linear-subulate, acute,

puberulous above, pubescent beneath, 3-6 lin. long; bracteoles

1 lin. long ; calyx-tube 5-angled, punctate-glandular, densely pubes-

cent, 5-6 lin. long; teeth subulate, 1 lin. long; corolla-tube curved,

glabrous without, villous in the throat, 7 lin, long ; lobes oblong,

glabrous or ciliate om the margin, 3-4 lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad ;

filaments minutely glandular-puberulous; fruit oblong or slightly

broader below the middle, finely sculptured in the upper 3, 3 lin.

long, 1} lin. broad; areole basal.

Bouchea. | VERBENACE® (Pearson). 203

Var. 8, glabrescens (H. H. W. Pearson) ; leaves adpressed-puberulous along

the margins and occasionally on the nerves beneath, otherwise glabrous,

47-84 in. long; raceme puberulons; corolla pale-pink.

EASTERN RecGion: Natal; Noods Berg, Wood, 106! on grassy slopes of

Bothas Hill, 2100 ft., Wood in Herb. Natal Bot. Gard., 553! Wood in Mac-

Owan, Herb, Aust.-Afr., 1511! and without precise locality, Mrs. K. Saunders !

Zululand ; on dry plains, Gerrard, 1247!

KatLanaRi Reeion: Var. 8, Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Atherstone! Kaap

Valley plains, at the foot of Devils Kantoor, near Barberton, 3000 ft., Galpin,

666! on grassy hills near the Crocodile River, Mitford Barber, 9!

8. B. garepensis (Schauer in DC. Prod. xi. 560); an erect

glabrous undershrub, 2-3 ft. high; stem subangular, striate, with

internodes 2-3 in. long; leaves opposite or subopposite, petiolate,

oblong-ovate or obovate, shortly cuneate at the base, thick, coarsely

obtusely and deeply dentate-serrate,, 1—1 in. long, 2-5 lin. broad ;

raceme narrow, elongate, bearing numerous crowded erect adpressed

flowers, 1-1 ft. long; bracts linear-subulate, puberulous on the

margin, otherwise glabrous, 3 lin. long; bracteoles setaceous, } lin.

long ; calyx shortly and unequally toothed, glabrous without, puberu-

lous within, 3-4 lin. long ; corolla-tube straight or slightly curved,

puberulous within at the throat, otherwise glabrous, 8 lin. long ;

lobes broad, 1-13 lin. long, 1 lin. broad; filaments glandular-

puberulous ; fruit oblong, slightly curved, reticulately sculptured,

1} lin. long, 1—% lin, broad, not separating into 2 cocci when mature ;

areole bounded by a dentate margin, covering nearly half the

anterior face of the fruit. Chascanum garipense, E. Meyer, Comm.

i. 277.

Western Region: Namaqualand; sandy flats near the Auraap River,

Atherstone, 18! rugged hills by the Orange River near Verleptpram, Drége !

and without precise locality, Wylie, 98!

A small-leaved variety occurs in Lower Guinea, see Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Afr. v. 282.

9. B. cernua (Schauer in DC. Prod. xi. 559); a low much

branched undershrub, 1-2 ft. high; branches angular, pubescent

along 2 opposite lines alternating in successive internodes ; internodes

4-1 in. long; leaves whorled, rarely opposite, crowded, imbricate,

sessile, oblong, cuneate and entire towards the base, acutely

3-7-toothed at the rounded apex, thick, coriaceous, puberulous on

the midrib beneath near the base, otherwise glabrous, punctate-

glandular, 3% in. long, 3-5 lin. broad; raceme puberulous, 2-3 in.

long, bearing numerous white flowers , bracts linear-lanceolate,

acute, glabrous or sparsely puberulous, with ciliate margins, 3 lin.

long, about 1 lin. broad; bracteoles subulate, ciliate, 1 lin. long ;

calyx-tube 5-toothed, glabrous without, minutely puberulous within,

33-4 lin. long; teeth subequal, triangular-subulate, ciliate, } lin,

long ; corolla-tube curved, glabrous without, softly hairy in the

throat, about * in. long; lobes oblong, obtuse, glabrous, 2 lin. long :

filaments glandular-puberulous ; fruit oblong, black when ripe,

3-2 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad, with the posterior face strongly

curved, longitudinally. grooved and finely reticulate ; areole on the

204 -VERBENACES® (Pearson). [ Bouchea.

anterior face, oblong, surrounded by an entire bevelled margin,

about 12 lin, long. Buchnera cernua, Linn. Mant. 251; Thunb.

Prodr. 100, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 466. Chascanum cernuum,

E, Meyer, Comm. 276; Hochst, in Flora, 1845, 68.

- Sourn Arrica: without precise locality, Masson! Grey! Forbes! Boivin,

647! Roxburgh !

Coast Reaion: Cape Div.; Simonstown, near Oatlands, Wolley Dod, 634!

rocky places on the hills behind Fish Hoek, near False Bay, MacOwan & Bolus,

Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 242! by a stream at Smitswinkel Bay, Wolley Dod,

1308! Simons Bay, MacWilliam! Caledon Div.; mountains near Hemel en

Aarde, 500-2000 ft.. Zeyher, 3548! Riversdale Div.; near Karmelks River,

Drége! Milkwood Fontein, 600 ft., Galpin, 4422! Uitenhage Div.; in sandy

places near Winterhoek Mountains, Krauss, 1086!

10. B. glandulifera (H. H. W. Pearson); a low glaucous under-

shrub, 1-2 ft. high ; stem much branched, subangular, glabrous,

with internodes 14-3 in. long; leaves opposite, petiolate, oblong or

subrhomboid, obtuse, with margins obtusely incised, glabrous, thick,

with 2-3 indistinet ascending primary nerves on each side, 3-1 in.

long, 1—% in. broad ; petiole slender, 4—7 lin. long; raceme dense,

bracteate, glabrous, 1-2 in. long (immature), bearing numerous

flowers; bracts subulate, acute, with flat membranous margins

bearing stalked capitate glands on the upper surface and margins,

about 23 lin. long; bracteoles subulate, minute, glabrous; calyx-

tube erect, prominently ridged, glandular, nearly black when dry,

31-4 lin. long; teeth triangular, glandular, about 1 lin. long ;

corolla-tube curved, glabrous without, glandular within in the upper

two-thirds, about 3 in. long; glands capitate with long minutely

tubereulate stalk-cells which are shorter near the mouth than in the

lower part of the tube; lobes unequal, oblong or ovate-oblong,

emarginate, glabrous, 1-11} lin. long; filaments short, glandular ;

ovary oblong, glabrous; fruit not seen.

Katanart Region: Little Bushman Land! Stickhand, Schlechter, 76!

In the absence of fruit, this species is provisionally placed in section Chascamum

on account of the presence of bracteoles. f

11. B. namaquana (Bolus); a low, branched, livid or slate-

coloured undershrub, 3-1 ft. high; stem terete, finely adpressed-

pubescent ; leaves shortly petiolate, cuneate or oblong-cuneate, obtuse,

coarsely 3-5-toothed or -crenate towards the apex, rather thick,

with obsolete nerves, finely adpressed-puberulous, 5-7 lin. long,

21-3} lin. broad ; raceme lax, with a finely pubescent axis, bearing

few reddish-yellow very shortly pedicelled flowers, about 1 in. long ;

bracts linear, obtuse or subacute, thick, finely pubescent, 22 lin.

long ; bracteoles subulate, pubescent, % lin. long; calyx unequally

toothed, finely adpressed-pubescent without, glabrous within, 5-6 lin,

long; corolla-tube straight, glabrous, about 1 in. long; lobes oblong,

emarginate, glabrous, 2 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad; _ filaments

glandular-puberulous ; fruit oblong, slightly narrowed towards the

apex, finely seulptured, 3-3; lin. long, 1} lin. broad, not separating

Bouchea. | VERBENACE (Pearson), 205

into 2 cocci when ripe; areole oblong, on the anterior face,

surrounded by a dentate margin, about 2 lin. long.

WestEeRN Region: Little Namaqualand; on the stony slopes of Spektakel

Mountain, 2500 ft., MacOwan and Bolus, Herd. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 680!

12. B. pumila (Schauer in DC. Prod. xi. 560); a low erect

undershrub; stem terete, clothed with fine reflexed pubescence ;

leaves ovate-oblong, petiolate, obtuse, cuneate at the base, coarsely

remotely and deeply dentate or dentate-serrate, finely reflexed-pubes-

cent, rather thick, with obscure nerves, 3-1 in. long, 1-1 in. broad;

petiole jin. long; spike short, finely pubescent, bearing few subsessile

flowers, }—} in. long ; bracts ovate, acuminate, acute, finely puberulous

above, pubescent beneath, 11 lin. long, 4 lin. broad; bracteoles

subulate, finely pubescent, * lin. long; calyx subequally 5-toothed,

obscurely 5-ridged, clothed with a fine spreading or reflexed pubes-

cence without, minutely puberulous within, 6-7 lin. long ; corolla-

tube narrow, straight, glabrous without, puberulous within in the

upper part, 9-13 lin. long; lobes oblong, finely puberulous, 12 lin.

long, 1 lin, broad;. filaments glandular-puberulous; fruit oblong,

finely and reticulately sculptured, 21-33 lin. long, 1-11 lin. broad,

not separating spontaneously into 2 coeci when ripe; areole on: the

anterior face, bounded by a dentate margin. B. pubescens, Schauer

in DC. Prod. xi. 560. Chascanum pumilum, EF. Meyer, Comm.

277. :

Sourn Arrica: without precise locality, Bowker !

CENTRAL ReeGion: Calvinia Div. ; between Lospers Plaats and Springbok Kuil

River, Zeyher, 1366! Prince Albert Div.; hills between Blauw Krans and

Wilgebosch Fontein, 2500-8000 ft., Drége, 4856 !

WEsTERN ReE@Ion: Great Namaqualand; in the dry bed of Scap River,

Schinz, 48! and without precise locality, Schinz, 46! Little Namaqualand,

Scully, 240!

Katanart Reon: Hay Div.; on the Asbestos Mountains, between Reit

Fontein and Kloof Village, Burchell, 2017! Transvaal; on the Boshveld at

Elands River, Rehmann, 4995!

13. B. pinnatifida (Schauer in DC. Prod. xi. 560) ; a low under-

shrub, much branched at the base, about 1 ft. high; branches terete,

densely and finely pubescent; leaves opposite or subopposite,

petiolate, deeply pinnatipartite, rather thick, finely pubescent,

1-1} in. long, 8 in. broad; segments linear, entire, obtuse or sub-

acute, l-nerved, j—} in. long; raceme lax, few-flowered, finely

pubescent, about 1 in. (very rarely up to 6 in.) long ; flowers white;

bracts linear, obtuse or acute, spreading or recurved, finely pubescent,

about 2 lin. long ; bracteoles subulate, finely pubescent, 3 lin. long;

calyx-tube unequally and shortly 5-toothed, finely pubescent, 5 lin,

long ; corolla-tube erect, glabrous without, puberulous in the throat,

10 lin. long ; filaments glabrous ; fruit oblong, reticulately seulptured,

2-3 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad; areole on the anterior face, oblong,

surrounded by a toothed margin, 1-1} lin. long. Buchnera pinnati-

Jida, Linn. fil. Suppl. 288 ; Murr, Syst. Veg. ed. 14, 572; Thunb.

206 VERBENACE (Pearson). — [Bouchea.

Prodr. 100, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 466. Chascanum pinnatifidum,

E. Meyer, Comm. 277.

Sour AFRICA: without precise locality, Wallich ! Masson!

Coast REGION : Queenstown Div. ; Gwatyn, 2900 ft., Galpin, 2018!

CENTRAL RuGion: Carnarvon Div. ; at the northern exit of the Karree Bergen

Poort, Burchell, 1558! Richmond Div. ; near Limoen Fontein, 3000-4000 ft.,

Drége! Graaff Reinet Div. ; stony hills near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft., Bolus, 193!

Albert Div.; between Leeuwen Fontein and Sleuger Fontein, 4500 ft., Drége /

rocky hills near Burghersdorp, Mrs. Barber! Colesberg Div.; Colesberg, Shaw /

Somerset Div. ; near Somerset Hast, Bowker, 82!

Katanari Reeion: Griqualand West, Hay Div.; Asbestos Mountains, near

the Kloof Village, Burchell, 1664! 2045/2! Hunernest Kloof, Rekmann, 3392!

Kimberley, Rehmonn, 3432! Barkly Div.; Hebron, Nelson, 188! near the

Orange River, Burke! and without precise locality, Mrs. Barber! Transvaal ;

northern slopes of the Magalies Berg, 6000-7000 ft., Zeyher, 1368! Burke !

Boshveld at Klippan, Rehmann, 5311!

Also in German South-west Africa: Amboland? Omatope and Oshando,

Schinz! Damaraland, Een ! Buluwayo, Rand! but not included in the Flora of

Tropical Africa.

IX. PRIVA, Adans.

Calyx of the flower tubular, prominently 5-ribbed, the ribs

terminating in short teeth, in fruit dilated below, contracted at the

throat and closely applied to the pericarp. Corolla: tube cylindrie,

slightly widening upwards, straight or curved; limb spreading,

oblique, 5-lobed, sub-2-lipped, the 2 posterior lobes being usually

shorter than the anterior. Stamens 4, didynamous, inserted in the

middle of the tube, included; anther-cells parallel or slightly

divergent below; the posterior staminode minute or 0. Ovary of

2 carpels, 4-chambered, with 1 ovule in each chamber; style filiform,

divided at the apex into an anterior stigmatic lobe and a posterior

minute or obsolete tooth; stigma small, oblique, lamellar. Fruit

dry, enclosed in the dilated calyx-tube, separating when ripe into 2

2-chambered, 2-seeded (or by abortion, 1-seeded) cocci; coccus

hard, muricate, rugose or smooth without, flat, concave or excavated

on the commissural face. Seed subterete, completely filling the

chamber.

Erect, glabrous, pubescent or villous herbs with opposite membranous toothed

leaves ; inflorescence a simple spike or spicate raceme, terminal or axillary,

pedunculate, elongate, slender ; flowers solitary in the axils of the small narrow

bracts ; bracteoles minute or absent.

About 10 species in the warmer regions of both hemispheres.

1. P. leptostachya (Juss. in Ann. Mus. Par. vii. 70); an erect

branched perennial herb, 1-2 ft. high; branches slender, promi-

nently 4-angled, striate, puberulous or pubescent, especially at the

nodes, with fine spreading or recurved hairs; internodes 13—4 in.

long; leaves ovate or ovate-triangular, obtuse or subacute at the

apex, cuneate, rounded or subcordate at the base, petiolate, coarsely

crenate-serrate, puberulous with delicately-hooked hairs on both

surfaces and with a few rigid adpressed hairs above, pale beneath,

Priva.] VERBENACEZ (Pearson). 207

1-3 in. long, {-2 in. broad ; petiole 3~2 in. long; raceme terminal

or axillary, elongate, bearing many distant shortly pedicelled white

flowers on a slender 4-angled striate pubescent axis, 3-1 ft. long;

bracts linear-subulate or linear-lanceolate, glabrous above, pubescent

beneath, 3~1 lin. long; bracteoles 0; calyx of the flower cylindric

globose in fruit, densely pubescent with fine spreading hooked hairs

without, minutely puberulous within, 1-1 in. long ; corolla-tube

glabrous without, puberulous within about the middle, about + in,

long ; upper lip deeply 2-lobed; lower larger than the upper, deeply

3-lobed ; anther-cells divergent below; staminode 0; fruit ovate-

emarginate or obcordate, composed of 2 slightly coherent 1- or

2-seeded cocci separated by an excavated commissure, muricate on

the back, 13~2 lin. long, 13-3 lin. broad. Pers. Syn. ii. 139;

Wall. Cat. 2657 C; Walp. Rep. iv. 35; Schauer in DC. Prod. xi.

533; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 565; Baker in Dyer,

Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 285. P. dentata, Juss. 1.c¢.; Pers. 1. ¢.; Walp.

Rep. iv. 35; Schauer l. c. ; Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 68; O. Kuntze,

Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. 254, P. Forskaolii, E. Meyer, Comm. 275; Jaub.

§ Spach, Ill. Plant. Or. v.59, t. 455; Walp. l.c. P. abyssinica,

Jaub. § Spach, l. c. 58, tt, 453, 454. P. Meyeri, Jaub. §

Spach. 1. ¢. 57. Verbena Forskalii, Vahl, Symb. iii. 6. Streptium

asperum, Roxb. Pl. Corom. ii. 25, t. 146; Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii.

754; Wight in Hook, Journ. Bot. i. (1834) 230, ¢. 130. Tortula

aspera, Roxb. in Willd. Sp. Pl. iti. 359. Zapania arabica, Poir, in

Lam. Eneyel. viii. 844.

Soutn AFrica: without precise locality, Alewander !

Coast Reeion: Uitenhage Div.; grassy mountainous places near Enon,

1500 ft., Drége! Albany Div.; Blue Krantz, Burchell, 3625! in thickets near

Grahamstown, MacOwan, 1433! King Williamstown Div.; Zand Plaat, 1500 ft.,

Drége; British Kaffraria, in thickets, Mrs. Barber, 21!

CrentraL Reaion: Somerset Div.; on the Bosch Berg, Burchell, 32241!

Albert Div. ; without precise locality, Cooper, 1770!

Katanari Reeion : Transvaal ; river banks on the plains around Barberton,

2800 ft., Galpin, 746!

Eastern Region: Transkei Div.; banks of the River Bashee, 500 ft.,

Drége. Natal; Berea, Wood, 4092! around Durban Bay, Krauss, 420!

near Durban, Wilms, 2191! 2202! Kuntze, and without precise locality,

Grant! Peddie! Sanderson, 319! Delagoa Bay! without precise locality, Junod,

301, Forbes!

Also in Tropical Africa, Socotra and India.

X. VERBENA, Linn.

Calyx tubular, 5-ribbed, 5-toothed, unchanged or only slightly

dilated at the base in the fruiting stage. Corol/a: tube straight or

curved, cylindric or slightly dilated upwards ; limb spreading, sub-2-

lipped, with 5 obtuse rounded or emarginate lobes, the 2 posterior

being outside and the anterior innermost in the bud. Stamens 4,

didynamous, included, inserted about or above the middle of the

corolla-tube ; anthers ovate with parallel or somewhat diverging

cells, all inappendiculate or with the connective of the anterior pair

208 VERBENACE® (Pearson). [ Verbena.

produced above into a clavate or glanduliform appendage. Ovary of 2

carpels, entire at the apex orvery shortly 4-lobed, 4-chambered at the

time of flowering, each chamber containing | ovule attached laterally

near the base ; style short, divided at the apex into a short anterior

stigmatic lobe and an acute posterior tooth. ruit with a dry hard

pericarp enclosed in the calyx, separating when ripe into 4 narrow

cocci.

Herbs or low shrubs with prostrate or erect stems, glabrous or hairy ; leaves

opposite, seldom whorled or alternate, toothed, often incised or partite, seldom

entire ; spikes terminal, seldom axillary, densely crowded or elongate with distant

flowers, often corymbose or panicled ; flowers small, sessile, usually solitary in

the axils of narrow bracts.

About 80 species in the tropical and extra-tropical regions of the New World;

a few also in the Old World. A few American species are widely introduced in

the Eastern Hemisphere ; 2 in South Africa.

Burmann enumerates V. hastata, Linn., a North American plant, in the Flore

Capensis Prodromus, 1. I have seen no specimens. [See also Epistole ined,

Caroli Linnzi (Van Hall, 1830), 95; Linn, Amon. Acad. vi. 81.]

The 3 species known from South Africa belong to the sub-group Verbenaca,

characterized by the inappendiculate anthers,

Section 1. PacHystTacuya. Flowers crowded in heads or spikes.

Corolla-tube more than twice as long as the

calyx ; primary lateral nerves excurrent in the

teeth fe res aes fs He ... (1) venosa.

Corolla-tube less than twice as long as the

calyx ; primary lateral nerves not excurrent in

the teeth .., an ene res wi ... (2) bonariensis,

Section 2. Leprostacaya. Flowers small, loosely

arranged in long narrow spikes oa! aS ... (3) officinalis,

1. V. venosa (Gill. et Hook. in Hook, Bot, Mise. i. 167); a

perennial herb, with a creeping rhizome; stem erect, simple or

branched, acutely 4-angled, furrowed, hispid, about 1 ft. high ;

internodes 13—2 in. long; leaves opposite, sessile, semi-amplexicaul,

oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acute, rounded or subauriculate at the

base, stiff, scabrid, hispid on the nerves beneath, with margins

entire or coarsely and acutely dentate-serrate, with 4-7 curved

ascending primary lateral nerves on each side impressed above,

prominent beneath, excurrent in the teeth, 1-31 in, long, 1-3 in.

broad ; spike terminal, simple or dichotomously branched, cylindric,

dense, bearing many bracteate lilae or blue flowers, 1-2 in. long;

bracts lanceolate, long-acuminate, with a strongly marked midrib,

glabrous above, hirsute beneath and on the margins, 2-5 lin. long,

4-12 lin. broad ; calyx of the flower cylindric, dilated below in fruit,

coloured, obliquely and acutely toothed, pubescent without, hirsute

on the ribs, minutely pubescent within, 2-23 lin. long ; corolla-tube

cylindric, pubescent without in the upper part and within, 43-6 lin.

long; stamens inserted below the middle of the corolla-tube;

ovary and style about 2 lin. long, glabrous; fruit enclosed in the

dilated calyx ; coccus shortly oblong, striate, about 1 lin. long,

Verbena.]} VERBENACE (Pearson), 209

Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3127; Walp. Rep. iv. 27 ; Schauer in DC. Prod,

xi. 541.

Katawari Raion: Transvaal ; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1176!

A native of the Pampas of Buenos Ayres ; introduced also into Texas, Madeira,

and St. Helena.

2. V. bonariensis (Linn. Sp. Pl. 20); a tall perennial herb ; stem

erect, unbranched below, acutely 4-angled, striate, seabrid-pubescent ;

internodes 23-5 in. long; leaves opposite, amplexicaul, auriculate,

oblong-lanceolate, acute, stiff, scabrid, rugose above, hispid on the

nerves beneath, with margins strongly revolute, coarsely and acutely

dentate-serrate, with 4-6 sharply ascending primary lateral nerves

on each side, impressed above, prominent beneath, not excurrent

in the teeth, 2-42 in. long, 3-5 lin. broad 3 panicle terminal,

very lax, dichotomously branched, with fastigiate branches,

bracteate, 4-12 in. long; spike cylindric, dense, bearing numerous

bracteate lilac flowers, 1-2 in. long, 3 in. in diam.; bracts

lanceolate, acuminate, with a strongly marked midrib, hispid,

2-7 lin. long, 8-11 lin. broad; calyx of the flower cylindric,

slightly dilated below in fruit, coloured, obliquely and acutely

toothed, pubescent without, hirsute on the ribs, minutely pubes-

cent within, 11-2 lin. long; corolla-tube cylindric, pubescent

without and within in the upper part, 2-3 lin. long; stamens inserted

below the middle of the corolla-tube ; ovary and style about 12 lin.

long, glabrous ; fruit enclosed in the dilated calyx; coccus shortly

oblong, striate, 3-8 lin. long. Kniph. Orig. Cent. 2, ».98; Gaertn.

Fruct. i. 315, ¢. 66, fig. 1; EB. Meyer, Comm. 274; Walp. Rep. iv.

19; Schauer in DC. Prod. xi. 541; Clarke in Hook. Sj. Fl. Brit.

Ind. iv. 565. V. capensis, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 447 partly.

V. quadrangularis, Vellozo, Fl. Flum. t. 39.

Coast REGion: Cape Diy. ; near Rondebosch, in damp places, below 400 ft.,°

Drége! Rehmann, 1704! Tygerberg, near Pampoenkraal, at 500 ft., Drége,

Newlands Avenue, Wolley Dod, 481! Stellenbosch Div.; near Somerset West,

Ecklon § Zeyher !

A native of Brazil, introduced into various parts of the Old World.

3. V. officinalis (Linn. Sp. Pl. 20); a tall perennial herb; stems

erect, 4-angled, striate, scabrid on the angles, otherwise glabrous ;

leaves opposite, sessile or subsessile, sheathing at the base, oblong,

oblong-lanceolate or rhomboid-ovate, narrowed towards the base,

more or less deeply trifid, pinnatifid or bipinnatifid, with the lobes

acute or obtuse, coarsely inciso-dentate, adpressed puberulous or

glabrescent, thin, 1-4 in. long; panicle terminal, much branched,

wide, more or less leafy below, 3-14 ft. long; branches slender ;

spikes bracteate, very lax, slender, bearing numerous lilac flowers,

distant below, crowded above, 6-9 in. long ; bracts ovate, acute,

with the midrib very prominent beneath, pubescent beneath, glabrous

above, not exceeding 1 lin. long; calyx cylindric, minutely toothed,

glabrous within, pubescent without, hispid on the ribs, about 1 lin.

VOL. V. P

210 VERBENACEE (Pearson). [ Verbena.

long ; corolla-tube delicate, cylindric, about twice as long as the calyx;

stamens inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube ; ovary and style

about 1 lin. long; cocci shortly oblong, striate, 4-1 lin. long. Burm. Fl.

Cap. Prodr.1; Flor. Dan, t. 628; E. Meyer, Comm. 274; Walp.

Rep. iv. 25; Schauer in DC. Prod. xi. 547; Clarke in Hook. f.

Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 565; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 286; var.

natalensis, Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 68. V.spuria, Linn. Sp. Pl. 20;

Walp. l.c. V. sororia, D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 104; Sweet,

Brit. Fl. Gard. iii. t. 202. V. setosa, Mart. § Gal. Bull. Acad.

Brua. xi, ii. 821; Walp. l. ¢. vi. 687.

Sourn AFRICA: without precise locality, Zeyher, 1361! 13865! Miller! Harvey,

405!

Coast Rrcion: Cape Div.; near Cape Town, Burchel/, 503! Newlands

Avenue, Wolley Dod, 492! roadside near Rondebosch, Pappe !

Katanart Region: ‘Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1175! near

Pretoria, Wilms, 1175! on the Magalies Berg, Burke, 59! Linokaua, in the

Marico District, Holub /

Eastern Region: Transkei Div.; on the banks of the Bushee River, 500 ft ,

Drege; Griqualand East; by streams near Clydesdale, 2500 ft., Tyson, 2105!

Natal ; near the Umlaas (Umlazi) River, Krauss, 151! near Durban, Sanderson,

92! Camperdown, Haygarth, 473 (in Herb. Wood, 164) ! near the Mooi River,

Gerrard, 12419!

XI. DURANTA, Linn.

Calyx tubular or subcampanulate, truncate or minutely 5-toothed,

in fruit accrescent, closely adpressed to the enclosed drupe but free

from it, and usually constricted at the mouth. Corolla: tube

cylindric, straight or curved; limb spreading, oblique or regular,

5-lobed. Stamens 4, didynamous, inserted at or above the middle of

the corolla-tube, included; anthers ovate, inappendiculate, with

distinct, parallel cells. Ovary of 4 carpels. more or less perfectly

8-chambered, containing 1 ovule in each chamber; style short ;

stigma terminal, obliquely dilated, very short, unequally 4-lobed.

Drupe quite (rarely almost) enclosed in the accrescent calyx, with

juicy epicarp and bony endocarp; pyrenes 4, each 2-celled and

2-seeded,

Glabrous or tomentose shrubs, unarmed or with axillary or supra-axillary

spines ; leaves oppo-ite or whorled, entire or toothed; racemes terminal, rarely

axillary, usually panicled, long or short; flowers small, shortly pedicelled in the

axils of small bracts.

About 8 species, ranging from Bolivia and Brazil to the West Indies and

Mexico. One species is introduced in Tropical and South Atrica.

1. D. Plumieri (Jacq. Select. Stirp. Amer. Hist. 186, t. 176, fig. 76) ;

an unarmed or spinous shrub, 5-10 ft. high; branches angular or

terete, glabrous or finely pubescent, with tawny bark and prominent

lenticels ; spines (when present) in or above the leaf-axils, spreading,

straight or slightly curved, 3-% in. long ; leaves opposite, shortly

tioled, oblong, elliptic or ovate, acute or obtuse, cuneate or

rounded at the base, entire or serrate above the middle, glabrous ;

Duranta. | VERBENACE (Pearson). 211

petiole finely pubescent, 2-4 lin. long; lamina 2-21 in. long,

3-1; in. broad; racemes terminal and axillary, simple or panicled,

many-flowered, lax, erect or drooping, 2-6 in. long; flowers blue,

bracteate, on short pubescent pedicels ; bracts very small, subulate,

pubescent, the lower sometimes leafy; calyx of the flower tubular,

with 5 very short subulate teeth, minutely puberulous without,

2-23 lin. long; corolla-tube at least twice as long as the calyx,

curved, pubescent without in the upper half, puberulous within ;

limb pubescent, unequally lobed; drupe (when mature) globose,

about the size of a pea, deeply 4-furrowed, completely enclosed in

the accrescent calyx; pyrene 2-21 lin. long. Bot. Reg. t. 244;

Walp. Rep. iv. 79; Schauer in DC. Prod. xi. 615; Baker in Dyer,

Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 287.

KaLanaRI ReGion: Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Burke, 32! by the Nyl

River, north of the Mission Station, Nelson, 109! Kaap River Valley, near

Barberton, Galpin, 1248!

KasTeRN Region: Natal; without precise locality, Sanderson, 294 !

A native of Tropical America, widely introduced (frequently cultivated) in

the Old World. ,

XII. VITEX, Linn.

Calyx campanulate, rarely more or less funnel-shaped, 5-toothed

or 5-lobed, very rarely 3-lobed, usually enlarged in the fruit.

Corolla: tube cylindric, slightly dilated at the throat, usually short,

erect or curved; limb spreading, oblique, sub-2-lipped, 5-lobed ;

2 posterior lobes shorter than the other 3 and outside them in bud,

helmet-shaped, erect or reflexed, the anterior lobe the largest, entire

or emarginate. Stamens 4, didynamous, exserted or included ;

anther-cells distinct, parallel, diverging or curved, affixed to the

filament by their apices. Ovary of 2 carpels, during flowering

4-celled with 1 ovule in each cell affixed laterally at or above the

middle of the septum ; style slender, shortly and acutely bitid at the

apex. Drupe sessile, rarely enclosed in the usually acerescent calyx,

with more or less fleshy epicarp and a hard or bony 4-celled endo-

carp. Seeds obovate or oblong, exalbuminous.

Trees or shrubs, glabrous, tomentose or villous, usually with depressed sessile

glands on the leaves and flowers; leaves opposite, rarely in whorls of 3,

frequently digitately compound, with 3-7 petiolulate or sessile, entire or dentate,

coriaceous or membranous leaflets, sometimes 1-foliolate or simple; cymes axillary,

sessile or pedunculate, dense or loosely divaricate or arranged in a terminal

racemose panicle or, rarely, contracted and capitate; flowers white, blue, violet

or yellow ; bracts small, seldom exceeding the calyx. _ é

About 120 species in the warm regions of both hemispheres, a few extending

to the temperate regions in South Europe and Asia.

The following South African species belong to the subgenus Agnus-Castus

(Endl.) the characters of which are: —Calyx cup-shaped or campanulate with a

short truncate or 5-lobed or -toothed limb. Corolla with an erect or reflexed

upper lip,

Section 1. Terminates. Cymes arranged in a terminal nL phe

panicle ie Be aa. sé ent ... (1) mooiensis.

212 VERBENACES (Pearson). [ Vitex.

Section 2. AxILLAREs. Cymes axillary, simple or

panicled. .

Fruiting calyx cup-shaped, minutely toothed :

Leaves opposite ; levflets usually serrate ... (2) harveyana,.

Leaves in whorls of 3; leaflets entire ... ... (3) geminata.

Fruiting calyx campanulate, 5-lobed or -toothed :

Adult leaflets glabrous (or glabrescent) above :

Petiole less than 1 in. long; leaflets obo-

vate or elliptic-obovate, less than 1 in.

broad vee wee “be ee we

Petiole about 1 in. long; leaflets oblong-

elliptic, less than lin. broad... as

Petiole about 1} in. long; leaflets oblong-

elliptic or obovate, more than 1 in. broad (6) reflexa.

Adult leaflets tomentose or pubescent above :

Cymes exceeding the petioles:

Leaflets canescent or finely tomentose... (7) Zeyheri.

Leaflets lanate-tomentose on the

principal nerves beneath _... ... (8) Wilmsii.

Cymes shorter than the petioles... .. (9) girkeana.

(4) obovata.

(5) Rehmanni.

1. V. mooiensis (H. H. W. Pearson in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2705

ined.) ; a low tree; branches subangular, glabrous, with prominent

leaf-sears ; leaves opposite (rarely alternate), simple, petiolate, thin,

membranous, ovate or elliptic, subacute or obtuse, cuneate at the

base, entire or sometimes coarsely serrate towards the apex, entirely

glabrous or finely scabrid-pubescent on the nerves, eglandular, with

3-5 distinct primary lateral nerves on each side, 3-1 in. long,

5-7 lin. broad; petiole slender, glabrous, somewhat thickened at the

base, 2-3 lin. long; eymes 2-flowered, shortly pedunculate, loosely

panicled ; panicle simple, racemose, terminal, pedunculate, slender,

bracteate, with 3-4 nodes, 1-21 in. long ; peduncle and axis minutely

pubescent along 2 opposite lines; bracts linear-subulate, about

11 lin. long ; flowers shortly pedicelled, white; calyx of the flower

5-lobed to the middle, glandular, minutely puberulous, promi-

nently nerved, 2-21 lin. long; lobes oblong, subacute, }—} lin.

broad ; corolla-tube short, cylindric, curved, obseurely puberulous

without, finely villous within above the middle, about 2 lin. long;

posterior lip erect, shortly 2-lobed ; anterior lip 3-lobed ; stamens

inserted about the middle of the tube, shortly exserted ; anther-

cells horizontal, spherical, divaricate, dehisving by longitudinal slits ;

filaments glabrous; ovary globose, glandular towards the apex ;

drupe pear-shaped, glabrous, exserted from the slightly accrescent

calyx, 3 lin. long, 1}—2 lin. broad.

Eastern Recion: Natal; near the Mooi River, Gerrard § McKen, 1238!

2. V. harveyana (H. H. W. Pearson); a shrub, 6-8 ft. high ;

branches with distant nodes, tetragonal, striate, adpressed-puberulous

or -pubescent when young, especially at the nodes ; leaves opposite,

petiolate, 3- (rarely 5-) foliolate; petiole slender, terete, adpressed-

puberulous, }—1 in. long; leaflets subcoriaceous, obovate, shortly

Vitex. | VERBENACEX (Pearson). 213

acuminate, acute, obtuse or rounded at the apex, euneate at the base,

subsessile or on grooved petiolules not exeeeding 31 lin., entire or

1-7 serrate on each side above the middle, with 5-8 primary nerves

on each side obscure above, prominent beneath, usually with tufts of

hairs in their axils beneath, otherwise glabrous, minutely glandular,

1j—2 in. long, }—* in. broad, lateral leaflets often much smaller;

cymes pedunculate, axillary, loosely divaricate, few-flowered, usually

exceeding the leaves, bracteate, pubescent at the nodes, otherwise

adpressed-puberulous or glabrous; peduncle flattened, puberulous,

1-1 in. long ; bracts subulate or narrowly spathulate, puberulous or

glabrous, 13-421 lin. long; flowers shortly pedicelled, 2-bracteolate,

pale-blue ; calyx of the flower cup-shaped, subtruncate or very

shortly 5-toothed, 10-nerved, glabrous within, pubescent and

minutely glandular without, 14-18 lin. long; corolla-tube slightly

curved, glabrous without below the middle, pubescent above, glab-

rous within, 3—4 lin. long; limb ultimately reflexed ; the anterior lip

pubescent within at the base, minutely so without ; stamens inserted

about the middle of the corolla-tube, included; filaments broad at

the base and villous; ovary subylobose, glabrous; drupe spherical

or suboblong, far exserted from the slightly aecreseent calyx, glabrous,

with a thick woody endocarp, about 4 lin. in diam.

Eastern Reeion : Natal; banks of the Upper Tugela River, Gerrard and

McKen, 1250! Zululand; without precise locality, 100 ft., Haygarth in Herb.

Wood, 7462!

3. V. geminata (H. H. W. Pearson) ; a large shrub; branches

stout, 6-angled, with long internodes ; striate, glabrescent, with a

smooth purplish bark ; leaves in whorls of 3, petiolate, 5-foliolate ;

petiole stout, subterete, broader at the base, puberulous or pubescent

at base and apex, otherwise glabrous, 1-1} in. long; leaflets

coriaceous, oblanceolate, very shortly acuminate, obtuse, on grooved

puberulous or glabrous petiolules, 1-3 lin. long, with entire, somewhat

thickened and revolute margins, with 8—12 spreading primary nerves

on each side, depressed above, prominent beneath, glabrous and

dark-brown above, lighter beneath, puberulous along the nerves,

otherwise glabrous, eglandular, the terminal leaflet 2}—-2$ in. long,

10-11 lin. broad, the lateral smaller ; cymes lax, divaricate, peduncu-

late, 2 from the axil of each leaf, equalling or somewhat exceeding

the leaves, bracteate; pedunele angular, prominently ribbed,

adpressed puberulous, 14-2} in. long; bracts linear-elliptic, acute,

puberulous or pubescent, attenuate at the base into a short petiole

about one-half as long as the lamina, 5-8 lin. long; flowers

purplish (Gerrard and McKen), shortly pedicelled, ebracteolate,

about 2 in. long; calyx of the flower cup-shaped, unequally and

minutely 5-toothed, glabrous within, finely pubescent without,

obscurely nerved, about 1} lin. long ; corolla-tube slightly curved,

glabrous below, adpressed-pubescent above on the outside, pube-

rulous within above the insertion of the stamens, pubescent in

the throat, 4-5 lin, long ; limb reflexed, densely pubescent without,

214 VERBENACEZ (Pearson). [ Vitex.

minutely so within ; stamens inserted below the middle of the tube,

exserted ; filaments broadened and villous towards the base; ovary

subglobose, with a glabrous wrinkled surface ; drupe unknown.

Eastern Recion: Zululand ; by the Umlatusi River, Gerrard and McKen,

2027!

4. V. obovata (E. Meyer, Comm. 273); a tree; young branches

angular, with short internodes, finely tawny-tomentose, later glab-

rous, with prominent leaf-scars; leaves opposite, petiolate, 5-

(rarely 3-) foliolate; petiole tomentose, 5-9 lin. long; leaflets

coriaceous, obovate or elliptic-obovate, very shortly apiculate,

euneate at the base, subsessile or shortly petiolulate, entire,

pubescent or tomentose when young especially along the midrib

and margins, later finely puberulous beneath or entirely glabrous,

profusely glandular, with 6-10 obscure primary nerves on each

side, 1-14 in. long, 3-1 in. broad; cymes axillary, pedunculate,

divaricate, about equal to the leaves, bracteate, tomentose ;

bracts elliptic or. oblong-linear, narrowed at the base into a

short petiole, pubescent along the margins below the middle,

glandular, lower ones 5-6 lin. long, 14-2 lin. broad; flowers

shortly pedicelled, 2-bracteolate ; calyx of the flower campanulate,

subequally 5-lobed; tube 10-nerved, profusely glandular and minutely

pubescent without, glabrous within, about 2 lin. long ; lobes rounded

or subacute, strongly l-nerved, glandular and finely pubescent,

8] lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad at the base ; corolla-tube glabrous

below the middle, finely puberulous and profusely glandular

without, pubescent within above .the insertion of the stamens

along 2 anterior parallel lines extending to the base of the anterior

lobe, about 4 lin. long; lobes glandular and finely pubescent on the

back and along the margins, glabrous within ; posterior lobes reflexed ;

stamens inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube, included ;

filaments villous, dilated towards the base ; ovary globose-ovoid,

glandular and pubescent in the upper two-thirds; drupe obconic,

shortly apiculate owing to the persistent base of the style, finely

pubescent and glandular, shorter than the accrescent calyx, 22 lin.

long, 2 lin. in diam. at the apex. Walp. Rep. iv. 87; Schauer in

DC. Prod. xi. 693,

Coast Rereion: Komgha Div.; in a valley near the Kei River, below

1000 ft., Drége ! among rocks near Kei Hill, Komgha, 1500 ft., Flanagan, 578!

among rocks on a hill between Komgha and the Kei River, 1500 ft., Flanagan

in MacOwan, Herb. Aust.-Afr., 1515!

5. V. Rehmanni (Giirke in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. 818); a

shrub; branches with short internodes and prominent leaf-scars,

finely tomentose in the younger parts; leaves opposite, petiolate,

5- or 3-foliolate; petiole subangular, finely pubescent, }—]2 in.

long; leaflets subcoriaceous, oblong-elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate,

acuminate, acute, subacute, obtuse at the apex, cuneate at the

base, subsessile or on finely pubescent petiolules 1-3} lin. long,

Vitex. | VERBENACE® (Pearson). 215

with entire sinuate margins, profusely glandular, glabrous above,

finely pubeseent on the nerves beneath, elsewhere puberulous or

glabrous, with 8-16 ascending primary nerves on each side, obscure

above, distinct beneath, 3-23 in. long, 23-11 lin. broad, lateral leaflets

often much smaller; cymes pedunculate, axillary, divaricate,

bracteate, finely tomentose, equalling or slightly exceeding the

leaves ; bracts linear-spathulate, pubescent and glandular, lower

ones 21-5 lin. long; flowers shortly pedicelled, bracteolate, about

1 in. long; calyx of the flower campanulate, with a spreading

shortly 5-lobed limb; tube 10-nerved, prominently 10-ribbed,

glabrous within, finely pubescent and profusely glandular without,

1-2 lin. long; lobes ovate-triangular, acute or shortly apiculate,

keeled, finely pubescent and glandular, 3—% lin. long, }—$ lin. broad

at the base; corolla-tube straight, profusely glandular and pubescent

without in the upper three-quarters, puberulous in the anterior

portion, otherwise glabrous within, about 3 lin. long; lobes pubes-

cent and glandular; stamens inserted below the middle of the

corolla-tube, included ; filaments villous at the base; ovary densely

pubescent and glandular in the upper half ; drupe obconic, shorter

than the accrescent calyx, profusely glandular, 23-3 lin. long,

3-2 lin. in diam.

KALAHARI ReGion; Transvaal; by the Nyl River, Nelson, 101! Makapans

Berg, at Stryd Poort, Rehmann, 5422!

Eastern Recton: Natal; on the hillside in “Thorns”? near the Mooi

River, Wood, 4463 ! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 1510! Sutherland !

6. V. reflexa (H. H. W. Pearson); a tree about 15 ft. high ;

branches subterete, finely tawny-tomentose, when adult with light

striate lenticellate bark and very prominent leaf-scars ; leaves opposite

or subopposite, petiolate, 5-foliolate; petiole finely tomentose,

11-2 in. long; leaflets membranous, oblong-elliptic or obovate,

subacute or obtuse, cuneate at the base, on grooved tomentose

petiolules 1-5 lin. long, with entire slightly thickened pubescent

margins, with 8-12 primary nerves on each side, depressed above,

prominent beneath, profusely glandular, glabrescent and dark brown

above, puberulous especially along the midrib and principal nerves

and lighter in colour beneath, 21-3} in. long, 1-1} in. broad ;

cymes axillary, pedunculate, divaricate, about as long as the leaves,

finely tomentose, bracteate; peduncle flattened, 2-2} in. long;

bracts linear-oblong or -elliptic, acute, puberulous, attenuate at the

base, about 5 lin. long; flowers shortly pedicelled, bracteolate, -

4-5 lin. long; calyx of the flower campanulate, with a spreading

subequally 5-lobed limb; tube 10-nerved, glabrous within, profusely

glandular and minutely pubescent without, about 2 lin, long; lobes

broadly and shortly ovate, acute, with prominent reticulate venation,

profusely glandular, pubescent, 1 lin. long, 14—1} lin. broad ; corolla-

tube glabrous below, minutely pubescent and profusely glandular

above the middle on the outside, and with a ring of hairs about the

216 VERBENACE® (Pearson). [ Vitex.

middle and pubescent above in the anterior portion within the tube ;

lobes strongly reflexed, finely pubescent and profusely glandular ;

stamens inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube, shortly

exserted ; filaments broader and villous towards the base; ovary

subglobose, pubescent and glandular above the middle; drupe

obeonic, shorter than the accrescent calyx, light-coloured, glandular,

pubescent in the upper part, 2 lin. Jong, 14 lin. in diam. near the

apex.

KatAnari ReGion: Transvaal ; in dongas around Barberton, 2800 ft., Galpin,

602!

7. V. Zeyheri (Sonder ex Schauer in DC. Prod. xi. 693) ;

branches terete, densely clothed with a light tawny tomentum ;

leaves opposite or subopposite, 3-5-foliolate, petiolate, canescent,

densely glandular ; petiole tomentose, 8-14 in. long ; leaflets coria-

ceous, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, shortly acute or rounded

at the apex, cuneate at the base, sessile or subsessile, entire, with

8-13 obseure primary nerves on each side, 13-3 in. long, 7-16 lin.

broad; eymes pedunculate, axillary, divaricate, equalling or slightly

exceeding the leaves, bracteate, densely and finely tomentose ;

peduncle flattened, tomentose, 14-2 in. long; bracts linear-subulate

or narrowly spathulate, canescent, lower ones 1—} in. long; calyx of

the flower campanulate, with a spreading 5-lobed limb; tube 10-

nerved, glabrous within, finely tomentose and glandular without,

about 2 lin. long; lobes broadly ovate, acute, spreading, tomentose,

glandular, }-% lin. long, about 1 lin. broad; corolla-tube straight,

about twice as long as the calyx, pubescent and densely glandular

without, villous within above the insertion of the stamens ; lobes

pubescent ; stamens inserted at or below the middle of the corolla-

tube, shortly exserted ; filaments villous towards the base ; ovary

globose, pubescent and glandular ; drupe obconic, minutely pubescent

and glandular, shorter than the accrescent spreading calyx, 12 lin,

long, 1-13 lin. broad. O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. 258.

Var. 8 brevipes (H. H. W. Pearson) ; leaflets 14-2 in. long, 4-3 in. broad, on

canescent petiolules 1-3 lin. long.

KAatanARI Reeion: Bechuanaland; Banquaketse Territory, on the Malau

Hills, Holwb ! and Naprstek Hills, Holub! ‘Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Burke,

73! on the banks of the Crocodile River, Zeyher, 78. Var.8: Transvaal; on the

northern slopes of the Magalies Berg, near the Crocodile River, Zeyher, 1369 !

near Aapies River, Burke!

The type of this species (Zeyher, 73) is probably the plant which is in the Kew

and British Museum Herbaria as Burke, 73, and which agrees very closely with

Schauer’s description. The fact that Burke and Zeyher visited the Magalies Berg

in company supports this view.

The Kew specimens of var. brevipes are in an immature state. It is possible

that more advanced material may justify its separation as a species.

8. V. Wilmsii (Giirke in Notizbl. Konig]. bot. Gart. Berlin,

iii. 76) ; a large shrub; branches terete, densely lanate-tomentose ;

leaves opposite, 3-5-foliolate, petiolate ; petiole stout, more or less

Vitex. | VERBENACEX (Pearson). 217

densely lanate-tomentose, 3-2 in. long; leaflets subcoriaceous, ovate

or elliptic, shortly acuminate, acute or obtuse, cuneate or some-

what rounded at the base, sessile or shortly petiolulate, with

entire sinuate and ciliate margins, with 7-10 primary nerves on

each side depressed above, prominent beneath, pubescent or

puberulous above, more or less lanate-tomentose along the midrib

and primary nerves beneath, otherwise glabrous or puberulous,

profusely glandular, 13—42 in. long, 8-22 in. broad ; cymes axillary,

divaricate, not exeeeding the leaves, bracteate, with lanate-tomentose

peduncle and branches; peduncle 11-3 in. long; bracts linear or

linear-oblong, narrowed at the base, acute, more or less falcate,

puberulous or pubescent, lower ones 3-6 lin. long; flowers shortly

pedicelled, 2-bracteolate, white; calyx of the flower campanulate,

with a spreading 5-lobed limb; tube prominently 10-nerved,

pubescent and profusely glandular without, glabrous within,

13-13 lin. long; lobes broad, rounded, apiculate or subdeltoid,

acute, with ciliate margins, pubescent and glandular, #2 lin.

long, 1 lin. broad; corolla-tube glabrous without in the lower

part, pubescent and glandular above, pubescent within in the throat,

3 lin, long ; lobes reflexed, pubescent and profusely glandular with-

out, Avith ciliate margins, glabrous within ; stamens inserted in the

middle of the corolla-tube, shortly exserted ; filaments dilated and

villous towards the base ; drupe obconic, shorter than the accrescent

calyx, glabrous below, pubescent and glandular above, 3 lin. long,

3~2 lin. in diam, at the apex.

KALAHARI Reeron: Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 158! 159! Rimers

Creek, near Barberton, 2900 ft., Thorneroft, 13 (in Herb. Wood, 4156)!

9. V. giirkeana (H. H. W. Pearson); a small bush ; branches

with short internodes and prominent leaf-scars, densely tawny-

pubescent when young; leaves opposite, petiolate, 5-foliolate ; petiole

tawny-pubescent, 2-24 in. long; leaflets membranous, ovate,

acuminate or caudate-acuminate, obtuse or minutely apiculate,

rounded or subcuneate at the base, on tawny-pubescent petiolules

2-6 lin. long, entire, with 9-12 obscure primary nerves on each

side slightly prominent beneath, ppereely puberulous above, tawny-

pubescent beneath, profusely glandular, 2-3 in. long, {-1} in. broad ;

cymes pedunculate, axillary, divaricate, about one-half as long as

the petioles, with tawny-pubescent branches and bracts; flowers

shortly pedicelled, bracteolate, lavender-eoloured (Monteiro); calyx

of the flower shortly campanulate, tawny-pubescent and glandular

without, glabrous within; tube 1-1} lin. Jong; limb spreading

broadly, 5-lobed; lobes deltoid, subacute or rounded at the apex,

4-1 lin. long ; corolla-tube curved, glabrous below, puberulous and

glandular in the upper half without; pubeseent within above the

insertion of the stamens, about 3 lin. long ; lobes ultimately reflexed,

minutely pubescent and villous, profusely glandular without, with many

long multicellular hairs at the base of the anterior lobe within ;

218 VERBENACES® (Pearson). [ Vitex.

stamens inserted above the middle of the corolla-tube, far exserted ;

filaments densely villous at the base; ovary conic, densely villous

and glandular in the upper half; drupe not seen.

EasteRN REGION: Delagoa Bay; Mrs, Monteiro, 20!

XIII. CLERODENDRON, Linn.

Calyx campanulate, rarely tubular, truncate, 5-toothed or 5-lobed,

unchanged or accrescent in fruit. Corolla: tube narrow cylindric,

straight or curved, equal or somewhat wider at the throat; limb

spreading or reflexed, 5-lobed; lobes subequal or the 4 upper shorter

and the anterior produced, sometimes concave. Stamens 4, inserted

at the base of the corolla-throat, exserted, incurved in bud ; anthers

ovate or oblong with parallel cells. Ovary of 2 carpels imperfectly

4-chambered, with 1 ovule in each chamber inserted laterally above

the middle of the septum; style long; stigma apical, shortly and

acutely 2-lobed. Drupe globose or obovate, usually 4-furrowed or

4-lobed, with more or less fleshy epicarp and bony or crustaceous

endocarp, separating into 4 (or, by abortion, fewer) pyrenes, distinct

or cohering in pairs. Seeds oblong, exalbuminous.

Glabrous, hairy or rarely felted, sometimes climbing, usnally unarmed trees or

shrubs; leaves opposite or whorled, entire, rarely toothed or lobed; cymes

usually lax, pedunculate in the axils of the upper leaves or paniculate at the

apices of the branches or crowded in a terminal corymb or head; flowers usually

large and beautiful, white, blue, violet or red; calyx frequently coloured like the

corolla, white or green.

About 100 species, chiefly in the warm parts of the Old World; a few in

Tropical America.

Section 1. Evu-Cieropenpron, Corolla funnel-shaped with a broad sub-

equally 5-lobed limb; tube straight, less than 1 in. long.

Leaves profusely gland-dotted beneath ; corolla-tube

not exceeding } in. long +e cae ees PLS

Leaves not gland-dotted ; corolla-tube not less than

Zin.long.., igs iv “#8 tas ... (2) Rehmanni.

(1) glabrum.

Section 2. Cycnonema. Corolla-limb obliquely 5-lobed; anterior lobe

ear g the posterior 4.and more or less concave; tube bent, less than 1 in.

ong.

*Cymes axillary:

Leaves entire :

Unarmed shrubs:

Whole plant glabrous (very rarely more

or less hirsute) ; leaves profusely and

minutely gland-dotted beneath ... (3) triphyllum.

Leaves and branches hirsute; leaves

with a few relatively large sessile

black glands beneath .., ak ... (4) hirsutum,

Shrub armed with spines... a ... (5) spinescens.

Leaves toothed _... ers res = ... (6) ceraleum.

*#Cymes long-peduncled, terminal or clustered at the

ends of short leafy axillary branches <a .. (7) myricoides.

Clerodendron.] VERBENACKE (Pearson). 219

***Cymes forming a terminal panicle :

Leaves and branches puberulous or pubescent;

leaves covered with minute scales above :

Leaves opposite ee ase ws ... (8) Wilmsii.

Leaves in whorls of 8 .., i a. ... (9) simile.

Leaves aud branches glabrous... Gi ... (10) Schlechteri.

1. C. glabrum (E. Meyer, Comm. 278); a shrub or small tree,

_ 4-15 ft. high; branches finely pubescent when young, later becoming

glabrous, with light-grey’ bark and prominent lenticels ; leaves

opposite or in whorls of 3 or 4, petiolate, subcoriaceous, ovate,

elliptic or lanceolate, acute or obtuse at the apex, cuneate at the base,

entire, glabrous (or puberulous on the nerves), shining, profusely

glandular-punetate beneath, with 4-7 primary lateral nerves on each

side, prominent beneath, 1—4 in. long, 1—3 in, broad ; petiole slender,

4-% in. long; cymes many-flowered, bracteate, contracted into a

dense pyramidal or corymbose terminal panicle, lower ones in the

axils of the upper leaves; bracts and bracteoles linear or linear-

subulate, glabrous or pubescent, 2-3 lin. long; flowers pedicelled,

white ; calyx campanulate, 5-lobed, glabrous, puberulous or pubes-

cent, with numerous sessile spherical glands without, 13—3 lin. long;

lobes about half as long as the tube, subulate, acute; corolla-tube

straight, finely puberulous and glandular, 3-4 lin. long; lobes sub-

equal; ovary oblong, glabrous, 2-celled; ovules 2 in each cell;

style far exserted ; drupe about the size of a pea, glabrous, slightly

exserted from the spreading accrescent calyx, containing 1 or 2

l-seeded pyrenes. Walp. Rep. iv. 110; Schauer in DC. Prod.

xi. 661 ; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 297 ; Wood, Natal Plants,

t. 45. ©. glabrum, var. angustifolia, E. Meyer, l.c.; Walp. l.c.

C. capense, Ecklon § Zeyher ex Schauerl.c. C. ovale, Baker in

Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 298 partly. Ehretia triphylla, Hochst. in

Flora, 1844, 830. Amerina triphylla, A.DC. in DC. Prod. ix. 518.

Siphonanthus glabra, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 842. S.

glabra, var. vaga, Hiern l.c.

Var. B, ovale (H. H. W. Pearson); young branches pubescent; leaves

pubescent beneath and on the nerves above ; panicle, branches, bracts and calyx

pubescent or villous. ©. ovale, Klotsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot, 257;

Vatke in Linnea, xiii, 537; O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. 250; Baker in Dyer,

Fl. Trop. Afr., v. 298 partly.

Sourn ArricA: among the stunted bush of the sand-hills near the coast,

MacOwan, 748!

Coast Reoion: Albany Div.; without precise locality, Cooper, 3496!

Bathurst Div. ; Port Alfred, 50 ft., Galpin, 2937! Komgha Div.; on the banks

of the River Kei, 500 ft., Drége.

KALAHARTt REGION: Transvaal; near Barberton, Thorncroft, 48 (in Herb.

Wood, 4170)! Highland Creek near Barberton, 2900 ft., Galpin, 774}

EasterRN ReGion: Transkei; banks of the Bashee River, Drége! Fort

Bowker, on the Xnabara River, Bowker, 549; Natal; near Durban, Gerrard

and MecKen, 661! Krauss, 100! Hewitson! Inanda, 1000-2000 ft., Wocd,

7551! and without precise locality, Sanderson! Gerrard, 726! Cooper, 1220!

Zululand ; without precise locality, Gerrard, 638! Var. 8: Natal; Inanda,

Wood, 1204! Clairmont, Kuntze, and without precise locality, Cooper, 1214!

220: VERBENACEX (Pearson). | Clerodendron.

Zululand; near streams, Gerrardand McKen, 2026! and without precise loculity,

Gerrard and McKen, 2156!

Also in Tropical Africa.

I have not seen the type of var. angustifolia, but have reduced it, as there is a

series of forms connecting a Natal plant (Sanderson), which corresponds closely

with Meyer’s description, with the typical form. For a similar reason I have

not kept up Hiern’s var. vaga which is also represented by a Natal specimen

(Hewitson).

Native names (Zulu) ‘f um-Quaquane,”’ ‘‘ um-Quaqongo”; some parts of the

tree are used as a purgative for calves (Wood, 1.c.).

2. C. Rehmanni (Giirke in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 294); a shrub ;

branches terete, when young clothed with a dense light-grey velvety

tomentum, later becoming glabrous, with light-grey bark and promi-

nent lenticels; leaves opposite, shortly petiolate, coriaceous, ovate or

ovate-lanceolate, obtuse or acute at the apex, cuneate at the base,

entire, pubescent or glabrescent above, pubescent beneath, with 4—5

primary lateral nerves on each side, obscure above, prominent

beneath, 1-21 in. long, 5-9 lin. broad ; petiole densely pubescent,

2-3 lin. long; panicle as in C. glabrum, with villous-tomentose

branches, 13-2 in. long, 1-1} in. broad; bracts and bracteoles

linear or linear-subulate, tomentose, 2—4 lin. long ; flowers pedicelled ;

calyx tubular, 5-toothed, villous without, 1-2 lin. long; corolla-tube

straight, cylindric, pubescent and glandular in the upper part, 3—1 in.

long; lobes subequal, oblong, subacute, pubescent and glandular

heneath, glabrous above, about 4 in. long; ovary oblong, glabrous,

2-celled; ovules 2 in each cell.

KALAHARI Recion: Transvaal; Boshveld, between Elands River and

Klippan, Rehmann, 5066! Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6199! 6200! Macapans

Berg, at Stryd Poort, Rehmann, 5468! Waterval River, near Lydenburg,

Wilms, 601!

Eastern Rucion: Delagoa Bay, Junod, 161!

3. C. triphyllum (H. H. W. Pearson) ; a low undershrub, 3-2 ft.

high; stems erect from a woody rootstock, unbranched, angular,

striate, usually puberulous at the nodes, otherwise glabrous when

adult; leaves in whorls of 3 or 4 or opposite, sessile, coriaceous,

linear-oblong, acute or subacute, narrowed at “the base, entire, with a

distinct midrib and obscure ascending lateral nerves, glabrous,

profusely gland-dotted beneath (rarely hirsute on the nerves beneath

and margins), pale green, 1-23 in. long, 1-6 lin. broad; cymes 1- to

few-flowered, pedunculate, axillary ; peduncle solitary, slender, with

2 opposite lanceolate bracts near the summit, up to 1 in. long;

flowers pedicelled, blue or deep purple ; calyx campanulate, 5-lobed,

5-ribbed, glabrous, 13-3 lin. long, the tube equalling or slightly

exceeding the ovate acute segments; corolla about three times as

long as the calyx ; tube bent, villous within at the throat or entirely

glabrous, 13-3 lin. long; 4 upper lobes subequal, obliquely obovate

or elliptic, obtuse ; lower obovate or oblong, exceeding the upper ;

filaments glabrous; drupe 1-2-seeded, ovoid, smooth, 5-8 lin. long,

Clerodendron. | VERBENACE® (Pearson). 221

4-6 lin. broad. (C. natulense, Giirke in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 183.

Cyclonema triphyllum, Harvey, Thes. Cap. i. 17, t. 27.

- Sourn Arrica: without precise locality, Zeyher, 1362! 1363!

KataHAri ReGion: Orange River Colony; high situations near the Sand and

Vals (Valsch) Rivers, Barber, 744! and without precise locality, Cooper, 897!

Transvaal; Aapies Poort, near Pretoria, Relmann, 4236! Wonderboom Poort,

near Pretoria, Rehmann, 4560! in fields near Pretoria, 4000 ft., McLea in Herb.

Bolus, 3187! Magalies Berg, Burke, 117! 365! near Lydenburg, Wilms,

1153! Jeppes Ridges, near Johannesburg, 6000 ft., Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin,

6166! grassy plains around Barberton, 2500-4000 ft., Galpin, 506! Pilgrims

Rest, Greenstock ! and without precise locality, Tuck, 7 !

EasteRN ReGion: Natal; Klip River, 3500-4500 ft., Sutherland! near

Newcastle, Wilms, 2196! near Pieter Maritzburg, Wilms, 2125! near Gourton,

amongst grass, 8000-4000 ft., Wood! Zululand; without precise locality,

Gerrard, 1251 !

4, C. hirsutum (H. H. W. Pearson); a low undershrub up to

11 ft. high; stems erect from a woody rootstock, simple or branched

at the base, 4-angled, hirsute ; leaves opposite or in whorls of 3,

sessile or very shortly petioled, membranous, elliptic or oblong,

acute, obtuse or rounded at the apex, narrowed at the base, with an

entire ciliate margin, more or less hirsute, profusely glandular, with

1-3 primary lateral nerves on each side, 3-11 in. long, 2-5 lin.

broad ; cymes 1—2-flowered, pedunculate, axillary; peduncle solitary,

slender, with 2 opposite linear or linear-lanceolate braets near the

summit, hirsute, 3-12 in. long; flowers pedicelled, sky-blue

(Gerrard) ; calyx campanulate, 5-lobed, obscurely 5-ribbed, more or

less hirsute, about 2 lin. long, the tube equalling the lanceolate

hirsute segments; corolla about } in. long; tube bent, villous

within at the throat, otherwise glabrous, 11-2} lin. long; 4 upper

lobes subequal, cuneate or subrotund ; lower oblong-cuneate, obtuse,

exceeding the upper; stamens scarcely exserted ; filaments glabrous ;

ovary densely hirsute, later glabrescent; drupe not seen. Cyelo-

nema? hirsutum, Hochst. in Flora, 1842, 228, and 1845, 68; Walp.

Rep. iv. 101; Schauer in DC. Prod. xi. 676.

Van. f, ciliatum (H. H. W. Pearson); stems glabrous or glabrescent ; adult

leaves ciliate, otherwise glubrous, or with a few scattered hairs near the margins ;

peduncles glabrous ; bracts and calyx-lobes ciliate, otherwise glabrous. Cyclo-

nema ciliatum, Harv. MSS,

Eastern Reeion: Griqualand East; near the River Ibisi, 2500 ft., Tyson in

MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Aust.-Afr., 1516! Natal ; in grassy plains between the

Umlaas (Umlazi) River and Durban Bay, Krauss, 106! near Greytown, Wilms,

2197! Pieter Maritzburg, 2000-3000 ft., Sutherland! near Durban, 30°0-

4000 ft., Sutherland! Gerrard and McKen, 800! Inanda, Wood, 41! and

without precise locality, Gerrard, 324! Swaziland; Havelock Concession,

4C00 ft., Salémarshe in Herb. Galpin, 985! var B: Natal; Umgeni Falls,

Sanderson! Attercliffe, Sanderson, 243! and without precise locality, Sander-

son, 237!

5. ©. spinescens (Giirke in Engl. Jahrb, xviii. 180); a shrub;

branches terete, densely pubescent, frequently armed with axillary or

supra-axillary straight or recurved pubescent spines shorter than the

222 VERBENACEX (Pearson). {Clerodendron.,

leaves ; leaves opposite, shortly petioled, elliptic or suborbicular,

minute apiculate, entire, subcoriaceous, pubescent, with 3-5 spread-

ing primary lateral nerves on each side, obscure above, distinct

beneath, about 1 in. long, }—3 in. broad; petiole up to 3 lin. long;

cymes pedunculate in the axils of the upper leaves, usually

1-flowered ; peduncle 2-bracteate above the middle, pubescent,

shorter than or slightly exceeding the leaf; bracts linear, pubescent,

2-3 lin. long; calyx campanulate, densely hirsute, glandular, }—} in.

long; lobes 5, unequal, ovate, acute, not exceeding the tube;

corolla glandular-pubescent ; tube curved, puberulous within, twice

as long as the calyx; 4 upper lobes obovate, obtuse or subacute,

31-5 lin, long, 23-3 lin. broad ; lower 1 cuneate-obovate, concave,

rounded or subtruncate at the apex, exceeding the upper ; stamens

exserted ; filaments puberulous, 3-1 in. long; ovary glabrous; style

slightly dilated at the base, 3-1 in. long; drupe not seen. Baker

in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 313. C. uncinatum, Schinz in Verhandl.

Bot. Vereins Brandenb. xxxi. (1890) 206. Cyclonema spinescens,

Oliv. in Journ, Linn. Soc. xv. 96; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1221. Kala-

haria spinipes, Baill. Hist. Plunt. xi. 111. K. spinescens, Giirke

in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 340; Henriques in Bolet. Soc. Brot.

xvi. 69,

Katanart Reeion: Bechuanaland; Bakwena Territory, in Sirorume Valley,

3500 ft., Holub /

Also in Tropical Africa.

The plant upon which Schinz founded his C. wncinatum was collected in the

North West Kalahari at Gorekas, about 90 miles North of the Tropic. The

range of the species in South Africa will therefore probably be extended to the

Western Kalahari and Namaqualand,

6. C. ceruleum (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 115) ; a low

much-branched shrub, 2-3 ft. high; young branches dark brown,

4-angled, puberulous along 2 oppusite lines when young, later with

glabrous, cinereous, more or less tuberculate, wrinkled bark ; leaves

opposite, petioled, membranous, ovate, ovate-lanceolate or suboblong,

acute, cuneate at the base, coarsely and acutely 3—4-toothed or

serrate, rarely entire, sparsely puberulous above and on the nerves

beneath, ciliolate along the margins, with 8-5 primary lateral nerves

on each side, prominent beneath, 1-21 in. long, 1—1 in, broad;

petiole puberulous, 1-6 lin. long; cyme 1-3-flowered, pedunculate,

solitary, axillary; peduncle slender, 2-bracteate near the summit,

puberulous along the posterior line, otherwise glabrous, 3—14 in.

long; flowers pedicelled, deep blue (Gerrard); bracts subulate,

entirely glabrous or ciliolate on the margin, 1-1} lin. long; calyx

campanulate, 5-toothed, strongly 5-nerved, glabrous or minutely

puberulous, 1-2} lin. long; teeth 5, distant, narrowly deltoid, long-

acuminate, acute, obscurely ciliolate on the margins, equalling the

tube; corolla-tube bent, villous within at the throat, otherwise

glabrous, about twice as long as the calyx; 4 upper lobes subequal,

elliptic, obtuse ; lower 1 cuneate-obovate, subtruncate; stamens and

style far exserted, incurved ; drupe 4-lobed, 2-seeded, glabrous.

Clerodendron.| VERBENACE (Pearson). 223

Eastern ReGIon; Natal; Mooi River Valley, 2000-3000 ft., Gerrard and

McKen, 1252! Sutherland ! and without precise locality, Gerrard and McKen,

2024! Swaziland ; near Jackson’s Mission, Mrs. K. Saunders !

The foliage does not possess a disagreeable odour (Gerrard). See C, myricoides.

7. C. myricoides (R. Br. in Salt, Abyss. Append. Ixv.); a low

erect or scandent shrub, 3-6 ft. high, with leaves and young parts

pubeseent with short multicellular hairs, or glabrescent ; old branches

angled, glabrous, striate, with light-brown bark and prominent leaf-

scars and lenticels ; leaves opposite or whorled, petiolate or sub-

sessile, membranous, oblong, acuminate, acute or rounded at the apex,

cuneate at the base, coarsely, irregularly and acutely or obtusely

serrate or inciso-serrate towards the apex or subentire, with 4—6

primary lateral nerves on each side, conspicuous beneath, 14-3} in.

long, 4-2 in. broad ; petiole puberulous or pubescent, j—} in. long ;

cymes bracteate, lax, 1-3-flowered, forming short, loose, glabrous or

puberulous panieles, terminal from short leafy axillary branches ;

bracts and bracteoles linear or linear-lanceolate, pubescent, 13-3} lin.

long, lower ones frequently larger and leafy; calyx broadly cam-

panulate, 5-lobed, glabrous or glabreseent, {—} in. in diam. ; lobes

spreading, broadly ovate, obtuse or rounded at the apex, profusely

glandular, Jeafy, slightly exceeding the tube; corolla-tube short,

bent, villous in the throat, otherwise glabrous, up to 4 in. long;

4 upper lobes subequal, oblong, obtuse or rounded at the apex,

greenish-white, about + in. long; the lower 1 obovate-spathulate,

about twice as long as the upper, concave, usually pale blue ; stamens

and style far exserted ; filaments thickened and densely villous, with

shaggy hairs in the lower half; ovary globose, black, glabrous,

glandular, 2-celled; ovules 2 in each cell; drupe deeply lobed, 2—3-

seeded, 5-6 lin. in diam. near the apex. Vatke in Linnea, xliii.

535; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v.310. Cyclonema myricoides,

Hochst., in Flora, 1842, 226; Walp. Rep. iv. 101; Schauer in

DC. Prod. xi. 675; Hook, f. Bot. Mag. t. 5838. C. myricoides,

Hochst., var. sylvaticum, Schauer lc, 676. C. sylvaticum, and C.

serratum, Hochst. in Flora, 1842, 227, and 1845, 68; Walp.

Rep. l.e,

Var. 8. cuneatum (H. H. W. Pearson); leaves cuneate or cuneate-oblong,

pubescent ubove, densely so beneath, 14-24 in. long, 14-2 in. broad; cyme

branches pubescent. C. cuneatum, Giirke in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 303,

Eastern Recion: Natal; in woods near the Umlaas (Umlazi) River,

Krauss, 383! 335! near Durban, Gueinzius ! Gerrard and McKen, 798! Inanda,

Wood, 657! Congella, Sanderson, 718! and without precise locality, Gerrard,

21! 382! Zululand; Eshowe, Mrs. K. Saunders / and without precise locality,

Mrs. K, Saunders !

Katauart ReGion: Var. 8: Transvaal; in a kloof near Schoemanns farm,

in the Lydenburg District, Wilms, 160! amongst scrub near the water at

Uwvoti Creek, near Barberton, 3000 ft., Galpin, 601 ! Houtbosch, Rehmann,

6188.

Also in Tropical Africa.

Gerrard states (under C. carulewm) that the foliage possesses a disagreeable

odour.

224 VERBENACES (Pearson). [ Clerodendron.

8. €. Wilmsii. (Giirke in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 304); a low

undershrub ; young branches subangular, dark brown ; finely pubes-

cent, later with glabrous cinereous more or less tuberculate wrinkled

bark; leaves opposite, sessile or shortly petioled, subcoriaceous,

oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acute, obtuse or rounded at the apex,

cuneate at the base, puberulous on the nerves beneath, otherwise

glabrous, with very numerous minute scales on the upper surface,

9-19 lin. long, 21-6 lin. broad ; primary lateral nerves 4—5 on each side,

ascending, obscure above, prominent beneath, with margins entire or

with 1-3 serrations towards the apex ; cyme terminal, few-flowered,

bracteate, 14-14 in, long; bracts leafy, sessile, lanceolate, entire or

serrate, puberulous, 5-8 lin. long; calyx tubular, narrowed at the

base into the short pedicel, with a sinuate shortly 5-toothed limb,

puberulous or glabrous without, 2-4 lin. long; corolla-tube narrow,

straight, glandular-puberulous without, 3-4 times as long as the

calyx ; 4 upper lobes subequal, subrotund ; lower 1 oblong, exeeed-

ing the upper; ovary 4-lobed, glabrous; drupe not seen.

KataHArt ReGion: Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1082! Waterval

River, near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1159! Bosch Veld, at Kameel Poort, Rehmann,

4825 ! Komati Poort, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 11861!

9. C. simile (H. H. W. Pearson) ; a low undershrub about 1 ft.

high ; stems erect from a woody rootstock, subangular, dark coloured,

finely pubescent, later with glabrous cinereous wrinkled bark ;

leaves in whorls of 3, sometimes opposite, sessile, coriaceous, oblong

or elliptic, subacute, obtuse or rounded at the apex, cuneate at the

base, distantly and acutely serrate towards the apex, puberulous on

the nerves beneath, otherwise glabrous, with very numerous minute

seales on the upper surface, with 4-5 ascending primary lateral

nerves on each side, obscure above, prominent beneath, 1-12 in.

long, 3—5 lin. broad ; cymes 1-3-flowered, shortly pedunculate, form-

ing a loose terminal few-flowered panicle about 4 in. long ; bracts

leafy below, above linear-subulate, ciliate on the margin, otherwise

glabrous, }—1 lin. long; calyx campanulate with a 5-toothed spread-

ing sinuate limb, 5-ribbed, puberulous without, 11-2 lin. long ;

corolla-tube narrow, straight, glandular-puberulous without, 2—1 in.

long; 4 upper lobes subequal, obovate, glandular-puberulous

without, about 2 lin, long ; lower 1 oblong, concave, exceeding the

upper; ovary black, glabrous, 4-lobed ; drupe not seen.

Katanart Reoion: Transvaal; Boshveld, at Klippan, Rehmann, 5210!

*€ Gold-fields,”” Baines / ‘

In habit this species resembles C. triphyllum and C. hirsutum. In the

characters of the inflorescence and flower it is allied to OC, Wilmsii, chiefly

differing in the longer terminal panicle, longer corolla-tube and the whorled

leaves.

10. C. Schlechteri (Giirke in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 802); alow

shrub, with glabrous branches; leaves coriaceous, opposite, shortly

petiolate, brcadly ovate, acute, cuneate at the base, coarsely serrate,

glabious, 2}—4 in. long, 1-22 in. broad; petiole 5-8 lin. long ; panicle

Clerodendron. | VERBENACE& (Pearson). 225

terminal, few-flowered ; bracts leafy below, diminishing upwards,

the uppermost being scarcely 5 lin. long ; bracteoles sessile, lanceo-

late, acute, glabrous, 24-3} lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad; flowers

supported on pedicels about 24 lin. long ; calyx broadly campanulate,

5-lobed to about the middle, 2-3 lin. long ; lobes suborbicular,

obtuse, ciliate, otherwise glabrous ; stamens exserted, villous at the

base of the filaments.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; Lions Creek, in shady places at 1000 ft.,

Schlechter, 12197 !

Imperfectly known Species.

11. C. capense (Don ex Steudel, Nomencl. ed. 2, i. 382). This

may be a synonym of CO. glabrum, E. Meyer.

XIV. AVICENNIA, Linn.

Calyx short, 5-partite, unchanged in the fruit, with broadly ovate

imbricate lobes. Corolla with a short wide cylindric straight tube ;

limb spreading, 4-lobed ; lobes subequal or the posterior a little

broader. Stamens 4, inserted in the throat of the corolla-tube ;

filaments very short ; anthers scarcely exserted, with parallel cells.

Ovary with a central 4-winged conical column, imperfectly 4-celled ;

ovules 4 (1 in each cell), pendulous from the apex of the axile

placental column. Fruit dry, compressed, dehiscing by 2 thickened

valves, l-seeded. Embryo naked on account of the arrested develop-

ment of the integuments of the ovule; cotyledons large, longi-

tudinally folded ; radicle inferior, villous ; plumule commencing to

grow before the fruit falis (cf. Rhizophora).

Glabrous or canescent shrubs; leaves opposite, entire, coriaceous ; cymes

contracted, capituliform, pedunculate, usually paired in the axils of the upper

leaves or arranged in a short thyrsus or trichotomous corymb at the apex of the

branch ; flowers small, sessile, each with 2 bracteoles in the axil of a bract ; bracts

and bracteoles shorter than the calyx.

Three species, on the Tropical shores of both hemispheres.

1, A. officinalis (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 110) ; a shrub or small tree ;

young branches terete, furrowed, clothed with a dense minute white

or yellowish-white indumentum, later glabrescent ; leaves oblong,

oblong-lanceolate or elliptic, acuminate, acute or obtuse, narrowed at

the base into the short petiole, entire, coriaceous, thick, green,

glabrous and prominently reticulately veined above, densely clothed

by a minute white or yellowish-white indumentum beneath, 2-3 in,

long, 9-13 lin. broad ; spikes dense, globose, terminal and axillary,

supported on short acutely 4-angled peduncles ; bracts and bracteoles

broadly ovate, densely silvery tomentose along the margin and on the

back or glabrescent, glabrous above, about 1} lin. long ; calyx-tube

very short ; lobes broadly oblong or elliptic, rounded at the apex,

glabrous within, pubescent on the back and margins, about 2 lin.

long ; corolla-tube 4-1 lin. long; lobes 4, oblong, yellow, glabrous

VOL. V.—SECT. I. Q

226 VERBENACEZ: (Pearson). [ Avicennia.

within, densely and minutely tomentose without except at the tip,

14-2 lin long ; ovary deeply grooved, tomentose. Schauer in DC.

Prodr. xi. 700; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 604 ; Baker in

Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 332. A. resinifera, Forst. Prodr. 45.

A. tomentosa, Jacg. Select. Stirp. Amer. Hist. 178, t. 112, fig. 2;

Wight, Ic. Pl. t. 1481; R. Br. Prodr. 518; Rowb, Fl. Ind. iii. 88 ;

Wall. Pl. As. Rar. iii. 44, t. 271; E. Meyer, Comm. 277 ; Walp. Rep.

iv. 131; Schauer, Lc. 699, 700; Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 68 ; var.

arabica, Walp. l.c. 133. A. africana, Beauv. Fl. Owar. £80; 47;

A. Meyeri, Mig. in Linnea, xviii. 262.

Eastern Recron: Bomvanaland ; at the mouth of the River Xara, Soga in

MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr., 1941! MacOwan, 3203! Natal; on the muddy shore

of Durban Bay, Drége! Krauss, 241! Sanderson, 886! Plant, 21! Wood, 395!

1360! Wilms, 2229! Rehmann, 9004! Peddie! Cooper, 1233! Delagoa Bay,

Junod, 500+!

Found growing with Rhizophora mucronata, Lam., and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza,

Lam., Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 159, no. 32 ; Harvey & Sonder,

Flora Capensis, ii. 513, 514. Also on the Tropical shores of both hemispheres.

Orper CV. LABIATA.

(By N. E. Brown, T. Cooke and 8. A. Skan.)

Flowers irregular or more rarely regular or subregular, herma-

phrodite or rarely unisexual. Calya tubular, campanulate or funnel-

shaped, regularly or irregularly 3-10- (usually 5- rarely many-)

toothed or with 2 entire or toothed lips, very rarely truncate or

5-partite, persistent and often enlarged in fertile flowers, very

rarely deciduous above the base at the ripening of the fruit.

Corolla gamopetalous, 2- (rarely 1-) lipped, or oblique or subregular

and 4-5-lobed, deciduous. Stamens usually 4, in 2 pairs of

unequal length or subequal, all fertile or the upper pair sterile,

occasionally 2 only, inserted in or at the mouth of the corolla-tube ;

anthers 1- or 2-celled, opening longitudinally. Ovary superior,

seated on an entire or lobed disk, deeply or rarely shortly 4-lobed,

4-celled ; style central, arising from the base between the lobes,

filiform ; stigma bifid or entire ; ovules solitary in each lobe or cell,

erect, anatropous. Fruits of 4 or by abortion fewer dry 1-seeded

nutlets (the ripened lobes of the ovary). Seed erect; testa thin ;

albumen little or usually none; embryo straight or rarely curved,

with fleshy cotyledons ; radicle next to the hilum.

Herbs or shrubs, usually with square stems and branches ; leaves opposite,

whorled or rarely alternate, entire, toothed or lobed, usually gland-dotted ; flowers

solitary and opposite or more usually 3 to many in a whorl and the pairs or whorls

out in terminal racemes or along the branches of a panicle, or crowded into

a spike or head or corymb, or seated in the axils of foliage leaves, bracteate or with

bracteoles mingled with the flowers.

LABIAT& (Brown, Cooke and Skan). 227

Distris. Genera about 170; species about 3400, in all warm and temperate

regions, rare in arctic or alpine areas.

Burmann (Fi. Cap. Prod. 16) enumerates the following species, which are

mostly natives of Europe, the Mediterranean Region and the Orient, and of which

he may have seen specimens of plants cultivated or introduced into South Africa.

If introduced they have now apparently disappeared, as no South African material

of any has been found in the Kew Herbarium: Origanum sipyleum, Linn.,

O. syriacum, Linn., O. majoranum [= 0. Majorana, Linn.], Thymus vulgaris,

Linn., 7. serpillum [T. Serpyllum, Linn.], Satureia hortensis, Linn., Hyssopus

officinalis, Linn., H. nepethoides [= Lophanthus nepetoides, Benth.], Thymbra

spicata, Linn., Nepeta Cataria, Linn., Prunella hyssopifolia, Linn., Marrubiwm

peregrinum, Linn., Lamium Orvala, Linn., Phlomis zeylanica, Linn. [= Leucas

zeylanica, R. Br.], and Prasium majus, Linn.

Rosmarinus officinalis, Linn., was collected by Cooper (no. 3110) at Mequatling

in Basutoland, where it had been introduced by a missionary some time before

1861.

Tribe 1. OcrmomEa.—Calyx equally or unequally 3-5-toothed, with the upper

tooth often much larger than the others and sometimes decurrent on the

tube. Corolla 2-lipped, oblique or nearly regular ; upper lip flattish or not

hooded. Stamens 4, absent or rudimentary in female flowers, in pairs and

all directed upon the lower side or lip of the corolla or about equally

spreading, never all ascending ; anthers perfectly or imperfectly 1-celled by

the confluence of the cells at the apex.

* Flowers hermaphrodite, all with a fertile ovary.

+ Calyx enlarged, but not fleshy in fruit ; stamens all with fertile anthers.

t Corolla either distinctly 2-lipped or 5-lobed ; stamens exserted from

the corolla-tube.

§ Calyx persistent in fruit, distinctly 3-5-toothed,

|| Filaments all free, those of the upper pair bent like a knee or toothed

or crested near the base ; upper calyx-tooth broadly ovate or sub-

orbicular, decurrent on the tube.

I. Becium.—Calyx 3-5-toothed, its tube with a broad oblique or truncate

space at its mouth, ciliate and sometimes with small teeth along its

margin, separating the upper tooth from the others. Corolla-tube

equalling or exserted beyond the calyx-teeth.

Il. Ocimum,—Calyx 5-toothed, with no broad space at the mouth of the

tube separating the upper tooth from the lateral teeth. Corolla-tube

not’ or scarcely longer than the calyx-tube.

\| | Lower pair of filaments free or united, those of the upper pair some-

times bearded or ciliate, but without a knee (except in Orthosiphon

bracteosus) tooth or crest near the base.

III. Orthosiphon.—Calyx unequally 5-toothed ; upper tooth larger than the

others, suborbicular to elliptic-oblong, sometimes decurrent on the

tube. Corolla-tube usually much exserted, but sometimes not

exceeding the calyx-teeth, straight or nearly so. Stamens all free or

the filaments of the lower pair variably united, ex-erted.

IV. Synclostemon.—Calyx equally or subequally 5-toothed ; upper tooth not

or scarcely larger than the others, not decurrent on the tube.

Corolla-tube exserted, straight. Filaments of the lower pair of

stamens united, all exserted.

V. Plectranthus.—Calyx equally or unequally 5-toothed; upper tooth

sometimes decurrent on the tube. Corolla-tube exserted, straight or

decurved, often with a gibbosity or spur-like projection near the

base ; lower lip compressed-boat-shaped. Filaments free. :

228 LABIATA (Brown, Cooke and Skan).

VI. Coleus.—Caly« unequally 5-toothed ; upper tooth much broader than the

others, sometimes decurrent on the tube. Corolla-tube exserted,

usually very abruptly bent at about the middle’; lower lip

compressed-boat-shaped. Filaments all shortly united above their -

insertion.

VII. Pycnostachys.— Flowers in a very dense spike. Calyx with 5 equal rigid

spine-like teeth. Corolla-tube exserted, deflexed ; lower lip com-

pressed-boat-shaped. Filaments all free.

VIII, Geniosporum.—Calyx 4-5-toothed, with the 3 upper teeth subequal or

the middle one much larger than the others, not or scarcely

decurrent on the tube, more rarely with 5 subequal teeth ; tube with

prominent transverse veins when in fruit. Corolla very small ; tube

exserted.

XI. Hyptis—Calyx subequally 5-tootbed ; upper tooth not decurrent on the

tube. Corolla small, 5-lobed ; 4 of the lobes flat, variously directed,

the fifth compressed-concave or saccate.

§§ Calyx falling away by a clean cut just above the base in fruit.

IX. Kolanthus.—Calyx very small, truncate or with a very short truncate

upp-r lobe and 2-3 minute lower teeth. Corolla with a much

exserted tube, 2-lipped. Stamens all free.

tt Corolla with 4 subequal or slightly unequal lobes, not distinctly

2-lipped ; stamens included in the corolla-tube.

X. Endostemon.—Calyx unequally 5-toothed; upper tooth suborbicular,

very slightly decurrent on the tube. Corolla very small, straight.

tt Calyx enlarged and fleshy in fruit ; upper pair of stamens reduced to

staminodes with rudimentary anthers.

XII. Hoslundia.— Flowers small. Calyx subequally 5-toothed, with the upper

tooth slightly larger than the others, not decurrent on the tube.

** Flowers unisexual, but with an ovary in the male flowers, which is never

fertile, the sexes on different plants.

XIII. Iboza,—Calyx minute. Corolla very small, subequally 5- (rarely 4-)

lobed, or the lower lobe rather larger than the others. Stamens

equally spreading.

Tribe 2. SaTurIne#.—Caly« 5-10- (sometimes 13- rarely 15-) nerved, subequally

5-toothed or 2-lipped. Corolla subequally or unequally 4-5-lobed or

2-lipped ; lobes or lips usually very small and flat. Stamens (in the South

African genera) 4, equal or the lower pair longer, distant, divergent or

ascending under the upper lip; anthers 2-celled or 1-celled by confluence

of the cells at the apex.

XIV. Mentha.— Calyx 10-nerved. Corolla subequally 4-lobed. Stamens equal,

erect, distant.

XV. Micromeria.— Calyx 13- (rarely 15-) nerved. Corolla 2-lipped. Stamens

didynamous, the lower pair longer, all ascending under the upper lip.

Tribe 3. MonarpEx.—Calyx usually 2-lipped, more rarely subequally lobed.

Corolla 2-lipped ; lips often large, the upper concave. Stamens 2, ascending

under the upper lip; anthers often with a long connective bearing 1 or 2

(sometimes 1 perfect and the other imperfect) more or less widely separated

linear or oblong cells.

XVI. Salvia.—The only South African genus. Connective of the anthers jointed

to a short flament, the upper part ascending and b-aring a perfect

cell, the lower deflexed or horizontal and bearing a smaller pollini-

ferous or empty cell, or sometimes quite naked.

LABIATA (Brown, Cooke and Skan). 229

Tribe 4. NEePeTEx.—Calyx usually 15-nerved, equal or often oblique, 5-toothed

or somewhat 2-lipped ; upper teeth usually largest. Corolla 2-lipped ; lips

rather large, the upper concave. Stamens 4 (rarely 2), the upper pair

longer, all ascending under the upper lip or sometimes divergent ; anthers

2-celled ; cells more or less divaricate, sometimes parallel.

XVII. Cedronella.—The only genus in South Africa, where it is naturalized.

Leaves 3-foliolate. Anther-cells parallel.

Tribe 5. SracHypEa#.—Calyx 5-10-nerved, equally or unequally 5-10-toothed

(rarely many-toothed), rarely sometimes 2-lipped. Corolla 2-lipped ; lips

usually large, the upper erect and usually concave. Stamens 4, the lower

pair longer, all ascending under the upper lip or sometimes included in the

tube ; anthers 2-celled or rarely 1-celled ; cells divergent or divaricate or

confluent, sometimes parallel.

XVIII. Acrotome.—Calyx tubular or campanulate, prominently 10-nerved,

5-10-toothed. Corolla-tube often exserted ; upper lip somewhat

arched. Stamens included in the tube; anther-cells confluent.

Nutlets truncate at the apex.

XIX. Stachys.—Calyx usually campanulate, 5-10-nerved, equally or subequally

5-toothed, rarely somewhat 2-lipped. Corolla-tube included or

exserted. Stamens exserted ; anther-cells finally divaricate. Nutlets

rounded at the apex.

XX. Ballota.-—Calyx somewhat funnel-shaped, tubular at the base, 10-nerved,

5-10- or sometimes many-toothed ; teeth dilated at the base or

connate in a spreading orbicular or oblique limb. Corolla-tube

subincluded. Stamens exserted; anther-cells finally divaricate.

Style subequally 2-lobed. Nutlets rounded at the apex.

XXI. Leucas.—Calyx tubular, campanulate or sometimes inflated, equal or

oblique at the mouth, equally or subequally 6-10-toothed, Corolla

usually white ; tube included ; lower lip usually about as large as the

upper, not soon withering ; median lobe largest. Stamens exserted ;

anther-cells divaricate, finally confluent. Style very unequally

2-lobed. Nutlets scarcely truncate at the apex.

XXII. Lasiocorys.—Calyx 5-toothed. Otherwise as in Leucas.

XXIII. Leonotis.—Calyx tubular, oblique at the mouth, 10-nerved, 8-10-toothed ;

upper tooth usually much the largest. Corolla often orange ; tube

often exserted ; upper lip elongated; lower lip much smaller,

subequally 3-lobed, soon withering. Stamens exserted ; anther-cells

divaricate, subconfluent. Nutlets ovoid-triquetrous, obtuse or

truncate at the apex.

Tribe 6. AsucomEex.—Calyx 10--or irregularly many-nerved, equally 5-toothed

or with the uppermost tooth largest, sometimes 2-lipped, with entire lips.

Corolla in the South African genera 1-lipped or with a very short upper lip

and a relatively large lower lip. Stamens 4, more rarely 2, the lower pair

longer, all ascending; anthers 2-celled; cells parallel, divergent or

divaricate, sometimes confluent. Ovary shortly 4-lobed or lobed to the

middle. Nutlets with an oblique or lateral usually large areole. (In the

other tribes the ovary is deeply 4-lobed and the nutlets have a small basal

or slightly oblique areole.)

XXIV. Tinnea,—Calyx 2-lipped, inflated in fruit. Corolla 2-lipped. Stamens

rarely exserted.

XXV. Teucrium.—Calyx equally 5-toothed or the uppermost tooth broadest and

sometimes very large. Corolla 1-lipped. Stamens long-exserted,

XXVI. Ajuga. —Calyx subequally 5-toothed. Corolla 2-lipped. Stamens ex«

serted.

230 LABIAT& (Brown). [ Becium.

I. BECIUM, Lindley.

Calya 3- (rarely 5-) toothed, two-lipped; upper lip or tooth

broadly ovate, decurrent on the tube; lower lip formed by the

oblique or truncate, ciliate or denticulate mouth of the tube and

2 subulate or bristlelike teeth, lateral teeth none or rarely

developed. Corolla two-lipped ; tube exserted beyond the calyx-

teeth or about equalling them ; upper lip 4-lobed, erect ; lower lip

concave or boat-shaped. Stamens 4, directed towards the lower

lip, exserted ; filaments all free, the upper pair abruptly bent or

kneed and toothed. or crested near the base; anthers dorsifixed,

l-celled. Ovary 4-lobed ; style filiform; stigma bifid, of 2 linear

lobes. Nutlets ellipsoid or oblong, slightly compressed dorsally,

glabrous. Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842, Misc. 42, and 1843, t. 15.

Herbs or small shrubs; leaves opposite or fascicled, simple, gland-dotted ;

inflorescence terminal, spike-like, with distant or crowded flower-whorls ; flowers

variable in size.

Disrris. A genus of several species, 2 in India, 1 in Arabia, the rest African.

As remarked by Lindley when he established the genus, Becium is well

distinguished from Ocimum by the peculiar form of the calyx ; the distinct deltoid

acute lateral teeth of Ocimum being replaced in Becium by the obliquely truncate

entire or denticulate, densely ciliate sides of the mouth of the tube, and the

2 lower teeth are small and bristle-like, and often divergent. In the general

appearance of the inflorescence and flowers Becium is also somewhat different from

Ocimum and easily recognised. N, F. Br.

Flower-whorls densely crowded into a head- or short

spike-like raceme or only 1-3 of the lower separate ;

leaves 8-15 lin. broad ... (1) obovatum.

Flower-whorls all separate, 4-4 in. apart; leaves 4-°4

in. broad :

lin.

Leaves 3-14 in. long, linear or linear-lanceolate ... (2) angustifolium.

Leaves 4-4 in. long, subspathulate-oblanceolate ... (83) burehellianum.

1. B. obovatum (N. E. Br.); stems several from a perennial

woody rootstock, herbaceous, 5-10 in. high, puberulous ; leaves

with petioles 4-2 lin. long; blade 3-2} in. long, }-1} in. broad,

varying from lanceolate to suborbicular, acute or obtuse, usually

tapering into the petiole, entire or slightly toothed, usually glabrous

on both sides, occasionally puberulous on the veins beneath,

secondary veins usually distinctly visible beneath ; flower-whorls all

crowded into a dense head-like or short spike-like raceme or the

lower 1-3 distant, all with a pair of rather large crater-like glands

at their base; racemes often crowned with a tuft of small dark .

(purple?) leafy bracts ; pedicels 4-} (in fruit up to 1}) lin. long ;

calyx campanulate, whitish-pubescent outside, glabrous within,

much reticulated, dark purple on the upper side ; tube 14 (in fruit 3)

lin, long, ciliate and entire or finely denticulate at the mouth

Becium. | LABIAT& (Brown). 231

between the dorsal and lower teeth ; dorsal tooth about 1 lin. long,

elliptic-ovate, obtuse, decurrent on the tube; lower teeth }—? lin.

long, bristle-like ; corolla white or pink (Wood), pubescent on the

lips outside ; tube 3 lin. long ; upper lip 34-5 lin. long from the

base of gape, with 4 subquadrate somewhat toothed or crisped lobes,

2 lateral shorter and broader than the others; lower lip }—} in.

long, concave, elliptic, obtuse; stamens all free, much exserted ;

- upper pair 7-9 lin. long, with a retrorse ciliate crest at the bend

near the base of the filaments; lower pair } in. long; nutlets

slightly compressed, orbicular, ;!; in. in diam., pale brown. Ocimum

obovatum, E. Meyer, Comm. 226; Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 205 ;

Benth. in DO. Prodr. xii. 35; Wood, Natal Pl. iii. t. 257. O.

serpyllifolium, var. glabrior, Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 226 (excl.

syn.). O. striatum, Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 66; Krauss, Beitr. Fl.

Cap- und Natal. 130.

Var. 8, hians (N. E. Br.) ; leaves $-1 in. long, 4-3 in. broad, lanceolate or

ovate, acute, cuneate or rounded into the not more than 4 lin.-long petiole, varying

from glabrous to pubescent on both sides ; secondary veins rarely evident; corolla

white, tinged with 5 longitudinal violet stripes and violet towards the margin on

the upper lip (Miss Leendertz), blue (Cooper), otherwise as in the type. Ocimum

hians, Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 86; S. Moore in Journ, Bot. 1908, 405.

Var. y, Galpinii (N. E. Br.); stem and both sides of the leaves pubescent or

villous with jointed hairs, otherwise as in the type. Ocimum Galpinti, Guerke in

Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 78.

Coast Reaion : Bedford Div. ; near Bedford, Mrs. Hutton ! East London Div. ;

near Panmure, Mrs. Hutton !

Ka.anari Reqion: Var. 8: Orange River Colony; on the Drakensberg Range,

Cooper, 824! Transvaal; many localities, common, Burke, 515! Zeyher, 1353!

McLea in Herb. Bolus, 3106! Wilms, 1112! 1119! Rand, 710! 1277! Gilfillan

in Herb. Galpin, 6062! Bolus, 9740! Gough! Schlechter, 3775! 4684! Burtt

Davy, 2094! 5040! 7.92! Miss Leendertz, 210! 1516 (a pubercent form)! 1730!

Var. y: Transvaal; Saddleback Range, near Barberton, Galpin, 413 ex Guerke,

Thorncroft, 4334! Devils Kantoor, Bolus, 9739! Woodbush Mountains, Barber,

Eastern Recion: Transkei; between Gekau (Geua) River and Bashee River,

Drége, 4770! Fort Bowker, Bowker, 559! Griqualand East; near Clydesdale,

Tyson, 1061! and in MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 471! Natal ;

various localities, Drege, 4769! Krauss, 390! Sutherland! Sanderson! Gerrard,

325! Wood, 75! 86! 1340! 1397! Wilms, 3188! between Delagoa Bay and Pretoria,

a pubescent form, Bolus, 9738! Var. y: Natal; Gerrard, 326! Sanderson, 269!

Zululand, Eshowe, Mrs. K. Saunders, 7 !

Also in Tropical Africa.

An exceedingly variable species in the form and indumentum of the leaves.

The variety hians can usually be readily distinguished by its appearance, but I

believe this is merely due to the drier and higher region in which it vccurs, some

of the narrow-leaved specimens of the lower level typical form being almost

indistinguishable from it, I find no difference in the flowers.

2. B. angustifolium (N. E. Br.) ; perennial, apparently 1-1} ft.

high, much branched above; stems rather slender, obtusely 4-

angled, 4-grooved, puberulous ; leaves $-1} in. long, }-3} lin.

broad, linear or linear-lanceolate, subacute, tapering below into the —

petiole, entire or obscurely and minutely toothed, glabrous or

232 LABIATA (Brown). | Beciwm.

thinly puberulous beneath; flower-whorls 3-5 lin. apart, 4—6-

flowered ; bracts falling away when the flowers are in very young

bud, $—3 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, often forming a small tuft at

the apex of the spike-like raceme ; pedicels }—3 lin. long, puberu-

lous ; calyx-tube 1-1} (in fruit 2) lin. long, campanulate, white-

puberulous and glandular outside, glabrous within; dorsal tooth

4 (in fruit 1) lin. long, very broadly rounded or subtruncate,

minutely apiculate ; lower lip truncate and densely white-ciliate at

the sides, with 2 bristle-like teeth }—} lin. long, contiguous at the

base, then diverging ; corolla 2-2} lin. long, thinly puberulous on

the lips, glandular; tube 1} lin. long and nearly as broad at the

mouth, compressed-funnel-shaped, straight ; upper lip with 4 short

obtuse lobes, with the lateral much broader and more rounded than

the others ; lower lip elliptic, concave, obtuse ; stamens very much

exserted, spirally coiled, subequal, all free ; upper pair inserted near

the base of the corolla-tube, 4 lin. long, glabrous, with a rather

long linear hairy tooth at the bend of the filaments ; lower pair

inserted at the base of the lower lip, glabrous. Ocimum angusti-

folium, Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 37. O. filiforme, Guerke in Bull.

Herb. Boiss. vi. 556. O. polycladum, Brig. in Bull. Herb. Boiss.

2” sér. ili, 982.

KataHart Region: Transvaal ; Magaliesberg Range, Burke! Zeyher, 1356!

hills near Pretoria, Rehmunn, 4272! Kirk, 45! Bolus, 10848! hills near Rusten-

berg and near Woodstock, Miss Pegler, 1023! Collins, 57! Marico District, Holub !

Daspoort, Miss Leendertz, 155 ! Hartebeeste Nek, near Pretoria, Burtt Davy, 774 !

near Warm Bath, Bolus, 122f2! Kudus Poort, Rehmann, 4614 ex Guerke. British

Bechuanaland ; Baralong Territory, Holub!

The calyx is covered with glands, which, when boiled in water, swell, turn

white and have the appearance of very minute pearl-like papilla.

3. B. burchellianum (N. E. Br.) ; a woody much-branched shrub,

growing to 3 ft. in height; branches whitish-puberulous ; leaves

subfasciculate at the nodes, }-} in. long, 3-1} lin. broad, sub-

spathulate-oblanceolate, obtuse, tapering into a short petiole at the

base, longitudinally folded, rather thick, densely white-puberulous,

sometimes glabrous above; whorls 6-flowered, }—} in. apart;

pedicels 1-1} lin. long, puberulous; calyx 14-2 lin. long and

campanulate in flower, 3-34 lin. long and somewhat tubular in fruit,

whitish-puberulous outside, glabrous within; upper tooth orbicular-

ovate, apiculate; lower lip with the obliquely truncate sides

projecting beyond the base of the lower teeth into short minutely

denticulate ciliate lobes ; lower teeth } lin. long, subulate ; corolla

rose-pink ; tube about 2 lin. long, glabrous; upper lip 1-1} lin.

long, with 4 subequal obtusely rounded lobes, pubescent outside ;

lower lip 1} lin. long and about as broad, suborbicular, obtuse,

concave, glabrous ; stamens 4—44 lin. long ; upper pair dilated near

the base into a broad flattened retrorse densely ciliate tooth, other-

wise glabrous ; lower pair adnate to the corolla-tube ; nutlets rather

more than 1 lin. long, oblong, very pale brown, glabrous, smooth.

Beeiwm. | LABIAT (Brown). 233

Ocimum burchellianum, Benth. Lab. 8, 707, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 36.

O. serpyllifolium, Benth. Lab. 707; E. Meyer, Comm. 226, not of

Forsk. O. helianthemifoliwm, Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 67, and Krauss,

Beitr. Fl. Cap- und Natal. 131; Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 36.

Coast Recion : Uitenhage Div. ; Sand Fontein, Burke! near Uitenhage, Prior !

Krauss, 1121! Albany Div.; near Grahamstown, Burke! Galpin, 201! between

Konap River and Enon, 500-600 ft., Baur, 1082! and without precise locality,

Bowker ! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 541!

CenTRAL REGION: Somerset Div.; near Little Fish River, 2000-3000 ft.,

Drége, 2320b! and without precise locality, Bowker, 22! Graaff Reinet Div. ;

mountain sides near Graaff Reinet, 3000-4000 ft., Drége, 2320a! Bolus, 56!

Middelburg Div. ; on dry mountains between Seven Fonteins and Wagenpads

Berg, Burchell, 2812! on the Sneeuwberg Range between Compass Berg and

Rhenoster Berg, 5000-6000 ft., Drége, 3587 ! Tarka Div. ; near Tarkastad, Shaw !

Cradock Div. ; Rietfontein Plantation, near Cradock, Sim !

II. OCIMUM, Linn.

Calyx 5-toothed, deflexed in fruit, campanulate or tubular-

campanulate ; dorsal tooth much larger than the rest and more or

less decurrent on the tube; 4 lower teeth usually unequal.

Corolla 2-lipped ; tube about as long as the calyx-tube or shortly

exserted ; upper lip erect, 4-lobed ; lower lip concave or nearly flat.

Stamens 4, declinate, exserted; filaments free, the upper pair

abruptly bent near the base, with a crest, tuft of hairs or retrorse

process at the knee; anthers 1-celled. Disk 1-4-lobed. Style

filiform ; stigma shortly bifid. Nutlets oblong, ellipsoid or sub-

globose.

Herbs or small shrubs; leaves opposite, simple, gland-dotted ; inflorescence

terminal, spike-like ; flowers small, in 6-flowered whorls.

Distrrs. A genus of many species, distributed throughout the warmer regions

of the earth. ~

Leaves 3-2 in. broad, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, very

distinctly and rather coarsely serrate ; calyx-tube

glabrous inside ... oes ais a eas .-- (1) suave.

Leaves }-{ in. broad, linear-lanceolate, lanceolate or

ovate, entire or obscurely toothed :

Calyx-tube hairy inside; leaves 3-2} in. long:

Fruiting racemes about 3 in. in diam.; upper tooth 13

of fruiting calyx 24-24 lin. broad ans e-» - (2) simile.

Fruiting racemes 4 in. or less in diam. ; upper tooth

of fruiting calyx 1} lin. broad : i

Annual, with 1 main stem branching above ... (3) americanum,

Perennial, with several or many stems from a :

woody branching base ... us ae ... (4) fruticulosum.

‘Calyx puberulous, especially towards the base,

becoming glabrous on other parts ; leaves up to

3 in, long” (5) Dinteri.

234 LABIAT (Brown). [ Ocimum.

1. 0. suave (Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Bot. Berol. 629); a stout

branching herb; stems square, with rather sharp angles, shortly

and densely pilose to subglabrous ; leaves spreading ; petiole $2} in.

long, pubescent or pilose ; blade 14-34 in. long, 3-2} in. broad, flat,

ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, cuneate at the base, obtusely and

somewhat coarsely serrate, pubescent on both sides or occasionally

glabrous ; inflorescence of 3 or more terminal spike-like racemes

3—6 in. long, bearing numerous closely placed 6-flowered whorls of

small flowers ; bracts 14-2 lin. long, ovate, very acuminate, reflexed,

persistent ; pedicels }—1 lin. long, pubescent ; flowering-calyx de-

flexed, thinly pubescent to densely white pilose-pubescent outside,

glabrous within ; tube 1 lin. long, campanulate ; upper tooth about

1 lin. long and broad, very broadly ovate with recurved margins ;

lateral teeth minute, filiform-subulate, with the mouth of the tube

above them produced into a lobe or auricle under the upper tooth ;

lower teeth united into a deltoid body 4 lin. long, minutely 2-toothed

at the apex ; fruiting-calyx enlarged, about 2} lin. long, with the

lobe formed by the lower teeth pressed against the auricles under

the upper tooth and closing the mouth of the tube; corolla scarcely

exserted from the calyx, white ; tube 1 lin. long, glabrous ; upper

lip 3 lin. long, subequally 4-lobed ; lobes oblong, obtuse, pubescent

on the back; lower lip # lin. long, elliptic, obtuse, very concave,

pubescent on the back ; stamens exserted, unequal ; filaments free ;

upper pair arising near the base of the corolla-tube, 2 lin. long, with

a stout obtuse hairy reflexed process at the knee ; lower pair inserted

just below the base of the lower lip, 12 lin. long; nutlets sub-

globose, lin. in diam., slightly rugulose, dark brown. Benth. Lab. 7,

and in DC. Prodr. xii. 35; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 338 ;

Wood, Natal Pl. iv. t. 325.

Katanart Reoion: Transvaal ; hills near Shilovane, Junod, 1144! near

Rustenburg, Nation, 146! near Aapies River, Schlechter, 4169 !

Eastern Reoion; Natal; Inanda, Wood, 1242! in the Botanic Garden, but

indigenous, Wood, 1812! Nonoti River, Gerrard, 1228! Zululand; near Eshowe,

1500 ft., Wood, 3975!

Also in Tropical Africa and Tropical Asia.

2. 0. simile (N. E. Br.) ; stem erect, branching above, more than

1 ft. high, subterete, scarcely 4-angled except at the inflorescence,

glabrous and brown below, puberulous and purple at the inflorescence ;

leaves recurving, {-2 in. long including the }—3 in.-long petiole,

4-3 in. broad, lanceolate, acute, tapering into the petiole at the

base, entire or obscurely toothed, flat or longitudinally folded,

glabrous on both sides with the exception of a few minute hairs on

the midrib and veins beneath ; racemes erect, laxly panicled, 2-5 in.

long, with the whorls }~% in. apart, 6-flowered ; lower bracts leaf-

like, upper about } in. long, petiolate, lanceolate, acute, ciliate with

long jointed hairs, deflexed, dark purple, persistent ; pedicels 1—} in.

long, puberulous ; calyx deflexed, campanulate, puberulous outside,

densely bearded with hairs at the middle of the tube inside ; tube

Ocimum. ] LABIAT& (Brown). 235.

1 (in fruit 4—-}) in. long; upper tooth 1 (in fruit 1}) lin. long, sub-

orbicular, apiculate; lateral teeth } lin. long, deltoid, subulate-

acute ; lower teeth 1-1} lin. long, subulate from a deltoid base ;

corolla puberulous on the back of the lips, otherwise glabrous, white ;

tube not exserted from the calyx-tube, about } in. long; upper lip

1 in. long, with 4 short rounded subequal lobes ; lower lip 5 in. long,

i in. broad, oblong, obtusely rounded at the apex ; stamens exserted,

free; upper pair inserted at the middle of the tube, nearly } in.

long, with a reflexed obtuse pubescent tooth near the base ; lower

pair rather shorter than the upper, inserted at the base of the lower

lip, not toothed at the base, glabrous ; nutlets nearly 1} lin, long,

ellipsoid-oblong, with a narrow wing-like angle on each side of the

lower half, glabrous, blackish.

Katanart Recon: Transvaal; on Madjadjes Mountains in Zoutpansberg

district, Durtt Davy, 2714! 5288!

Very similar in structural characters to 0. fruticulosum, Burch., but is readily

distinguished by its different appearance. It is evidently a larger plant, with

larger leaves and flowers, the racemes being much stouter and when in fruit

§-2 in. in diam., those of O. fruticulosum being less than or scarcely 4 in. in

diam., the narrow wing on each side of the nutlets seems wanting in the latter

species, in which the nutlets are also smaller.

3. O. americanum (Linn. Amoen. Acad. ed. 1, iv. 276); a much-

branched herb; stems obtusely or obscurely 4-angled, pubescent

with short recurved hairs, usually bearded with long hairs at the

nodes; leaves spreading, thinly pubescent to glabrous ; petiole 2-4

lin. long; blade 4-2} in. long, }-§ in. broad, flat, lanceolate or

ovate-lanceolate, about equally acute at each end, entire or obscurely

toothed; racemes numerous, 4-8 in. long, of many equidistant.

6-flowered whorls; bracts 14-2 lin. long, ovate, acute, persistent or

deciduous ; pedicels 1} lin. long, pubescent ; calyx deflexed, 1]-2

(in fruit 24) lin. long, campanulate, 5-toothed to about the middle,

pilose outside and inside and ciliate with long white hairs ; upper

tooth orbicular, slightly apiculate, with a tuft of long white hairs at

its base ; lateral teeth broad at the base, mucronate, much shorter

than the subulate lower teeth ; corolla more or less pubescent out-

side ; tube 14-1} lin. long; upper lip about 1} lin. long, shortly and

subequally 4-lobed ; lobes rounded ; lower lip 1} lin. long, oblong-

obovate, obtuse, concave; stamens much exserted; upper pair

inserted near the base of the corolla-tube, 34 lin. long, with a rather

long linear hairy tooth at the knee ; lower pair inserted at the base

of the lower lip, 24 lin. long; nutlets } lin. long, oblong, slightly

shouldered at the base, glabrous, black. Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, ii. 833..

O. canum, Sims in Bot. Mag. t. 2452 5 Benth. Lab. 3, in E. Meyer,

Comm. 226, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 32 ; Drége, Zwei Pf. Documente,

205; D. Dietr. Syn. Pl. iii. 374; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v.

337: Schinz in Mém. Herb. Boiss. x. 61. O. stamineum, Sims iw

Bot. Mag. under t. 2452. O. hispidulum, Schum. and Thonn. Beskr.

Guin. Pl. 266.

236 LABIAT (Brown), [ Ocimum.

Coast Recion : Komgha Div. ; on the banks of the Kei River, Drége, 3583 !

KaLanari Recon : Transvaal ; Warmbath, Miss Leendertz, 1541!

Eastern Reaion: Delagoa Bay, Forbes! Bolus, 9737! Kuntze.

Also in Tropical Africa, India and Brazil.

O. americanum is very similar to O. Basilicum, Linn., differing in its much

smaller flowers and fruiting-calyx and in the usually bearded nodes of the stem.

4. 0. fruticulosum (Burchell, Trav. 8. Afr. ii. 264); plant

8-12 in. high, branching from the woody base ; branches obtusely

4-angled, pubescent to thinly and minutely puberulous with reflexed

curved hairs; leaves shortly petiolate, }-1} in. long, 2-34 lin.

broad, linear-lanceolate, acute at both ends, entire or obscurely

toothed, longitudinally folded (in dried specimens), glabrous on

both sides with the exception of a few hairs along the midrib;

racemes 2-44 in. long, sometimes arranged in a corymb-like panicle,

with the whorls 4—} in. apart, about 6-flowered ; lowermost bracts

leaf-like, the remainder reflexed, petiolate, 1-2 lin. long, 3-3 lin.

broad, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, cuneate at the base, glabrous,

obscurely and minutely ciliate, persistent ; pedicels 1—1} lin. long,

thinly pubescent ; calyx campanulate, pubescent and glandular out-

side, ciliate on the teeth, densely hairy within the tube, especially

when in fruit; tube 1 (in fruit 14) lin. long; upper tooth 3 lin.

long, orbicular, apiculate ; lateral teeth 4 lin. long, deltoid, with a

short subulate point ; lower teeth # lin. long, subulate; corolla

thinly pubescent outside ; tube 1} lin. long; upper lip 14 lin. long,

shortly 4-lobed ; lobes subequal, obtusely rounded at the apex ;

lower lip 13 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse ; stamens exserted

much beyond. the lower lip of the corolla, all free; upper pair

inserted near the base of the corolla-tube, 1-1 in. long, with a

reflexed pubescent tooth near the base ; lower pair inserted at the

base of the lower lip, about } in. long, glabrous ; nutlets 3 lin. long,

ellipsoid, sometimes slightly angular at the sides, glabrous, black.

Benth. in DO. Prodr. xii. 34. O. canum, var. integrifolium, Engl.

Jahrb. x. 267.

KaLaHarkI Recion: Griqualand West; on mountains near Klip Fontein,

Burchell, 2160! 2634! Bechuanaland ; Batlapin Territory, Holub! South African

Gold Fields, Baines! Transvaal ; near the Aapies River, Burke, 346!

Also in Tropical German South-west Africa.

5. 0. Dinteri (Briq. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér. iii, 980) ; stem

with internodes 3—# in. long, puberulous with very minute reflexed

hairs, becoming glabrous ; leaves up to 3 in. long and 3 lin. broad,

lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute or subacuminate, cuneatel

tapering at the base into a petiole 2 lin. long, entire, green on bot

sides, glabrous ; lateral veins not evident ; inflorescence up to 3} in.

long ; whorls 6-flowered, distant, the lowest seated in the axils of

the uppermost leaves, the others with obovate, oblong or lanceolate

shortly petiolate bracts as long as or longer than the flowers ;

Ocimum. | LABIAT (Brown). 237

pedicels 1 lin. long, minutely puberulous ; calyx 1} (in fruit 25) lin.

long, campanulate, gland-dotted, puberulous, especially towards the

base, becoming glabrous on the other parts ; upper tooth rounded,

ciliate ; lateral teeth 1 lin. long, lanceolate ; lower teeth 14 lin. long,

setaceous, all ciliate ; corolla exserted 1} lin. beyond the mouth of

the calyx ; puberulous on the outside of the lips; tube included in

the calyx ; upper lip 1 lin. long, rounded-ovate ; lower lip 1} lin.

long, spreading ; stamens 14-2 lin. longer than the corolla ; fila-

ments of the upper pair toothed at the base.

WESTERN REGION : Great Namaqualand, without precise locality, Dinter, 1549.

This may possibly have been collected north of the Tropic.

III. ORTHOSIPHON, Benth.

(Hemizyera, Brig. in Engl. & Prantl, Pilanzenfam. iv. 3a, 368.)

Calyx campanulate or tubular-campanulate, unequally 5-toothed ;

upper tooth much larger than the others, suborbicular, very broadly

ovate or oblong, sometimes decurrent upon the tube. Corolla

distinctly 2-lipped ; tube usually exserted much beyond the calyx-

teeth, rarely about equalling them, straight or nearly so; upper lip

often partly formed by the truncate mouth of the tube, very

shortly 3-4-lobed ; lower lip very concave or boat-shaped. Stamens 4,

exserted, directed towards the lower lip; upper pair with free

filaments, not toothed and very rarely bent like a knee near the

base, inserted at various heights in the corolla-tube ; lower pair with

their filaments free to the base or variably united, inserted at or

just below the base of the lower lip ; anthers 1-celled. Disk usually

unequally lobed. Ovary deeply 4-lobed ; style filiform, exserted from

the corolla-tube ; stigma slightly thickened and minutely bifid or

subentire or divided into 2 short filiform or subulate lobes. Nutlets

oblong, ellipsoid or suborbicular, usually slightly compressed dorsally.

Herbs, perennial or annual, with erect simple or branching stems; leaves

opposite or rarely whorled, gland-dotted ; inflorescence terminal, simple or

branched, sometimes with 2 or more pairs of flowerless coloured bracts at the

apex ; flower-whorls separate, 2-6-flowered ; flowers variable in size.

Distrre. Species over 100, extending into Tropical Africa, Madagascar, Socotra,

Arabia, India, the Malay Archipelago and Australia.

The genus Hemizygia was established by Briquet for the reception of those

species of Orthosiphon having the filaments of the lower pair of stamens united.

But I find that the amount of union of these filaments varies considerably in some

species and in O. subvelutinus and O. montanus, although more usually united,

they are sometimes quite free ; whilst 0. persimilis, in which the filaments are

usually but not always free, is so like 0. Thorneroftii in which they are united (see

note under O. persimilis) and grows with it at the same locality, that I cannot

consider these species and others similarly related should be placed in different

genera, as there is no other character than that of the union of the lower filaments

to separate generically Hemizygia and Orthosiphon. But besides this I have also

seen specimens in which the filaments were united in some flowers and free in

238 LABIATA (Brown). | Orthosiphon.

others on the same raceme of O. persimilis or in different racemes of the same

plant in O. montanus, that is with both genera represented in the same

inflorescence or by the same plant! It appears to me probable that the union or

non-union of the filaments has some connection with fertilisation or is of a semisexual

nature, and as in at least three cases they may be either free or united in the same

specimen or different specimens of the same species, it is evident that it cannot be

utilised as a generic character. On this ground I have not upheld Hemizyyia,

which, if retained, should include all the species in the second division of the

following key, where it has be-n utilised as affurding a distinguishing character for

most of the species. All measurements of the corolla in the key and descriptions

are from flowers that have been soaked in boiling water and will not apply to them

when dried. N. £. Br.

*Filaments of the lower pair of stamens free to their

base :

Leaves miuutely petiolate, 4-3 in. long, mostly linear

with revolute margins, or, if expanded, with a

broadly rounded base... oy oe ... (18) subvelutinus,

Leaves distinctly petiolate or acutely tapering to a

subsessile base, more than $ in. long including

the petiole, not linear :

Leaves thinly or not very densely pubescent with

simple hairs on both sides :

Leaves 3 in a whorl, serrate; corolla-tube far

exceeding the calyx-teeth ... ay ... (29) serratus.

Leaves opposite :

Leaves entire: corolla-tube not or scarcely

exceeding the calyx-teeth ee ... (9) persimilis.

Leaves more or less distinctly toothed ;

corolla-tube exceeding the calyx-teeth :

Petioles 4—9 lin. long; upper lip of corolla

distinct from and forming an angle

with the mouth of the tube ... ... (6) labiatus.

Petioles 1-2 lin. long; upper lip of corolla

not distinct from the mouth of the

tube, and except the very small terminal

lube continuous with it bay ... (26) Bolusii.

Leaves glabrous on both sides or with a minute

pubescence on the midrib and veins beneath;

corolla-tube 4-} in. long: :

Calyx with evident nerves, especially in fruit... (21) Wilmsii.

Calyx without evident nerves... < -.. (22) ineoncinnus.

**Filaments of the lower pair of stamens variably united,

sometimes at the very base only :

tLateral and lower calyx-teeth linear-lanceolate and

acute or narrowly deltoid and gradually tapering

to a subulate point, flat for all or most of their

length, not at all bristle-like :

Leaves ovate or broadly lanceolate 1-2} in. long :

Panicle 1 ft. or more long, very lax, with some-

what spreading branches; leaves densely

white-tomentose on both sides nye ..» (1) macrophyllus.

Panicle 7-10 in. long, compact, narrow, with

nearly erect branches :

Leaves with thinly scattered hairs above, thickly

pubescent on the veins beneath ; corolla-

tube 4-8in. long... ee oe -.. (2) latidens.

Orthosiphon.| LABIAT& (Brown). . 239

Leaves almost glabrous to the eye, slightly

rough to the touch on both sides ; corolla-

tube 3-lin. long... ies isd ... (3) macranthus.

Leaves mostly linear with very revolute margins, a

few sometimes ovate, less than in. long... (18) subvelutinus.

+{Lateral and lower (rarely only the lower) calyx-tecth

bristle-like, flat only at the base:

{Upper and terminal bracts rather large and very

conspicuous, coloured, somewhat _leaf-like,

usually lax, spreading, the uppermost often

without flowers in their axils, persistent (see

also O. humilis) :

Flowering calyx-tube } in. long (larger in fruit) ;

leaves 14-3 in long, }-$ in. broad, sessile,

narrowly lanceolate... wie aie .-- (11) bracteosus.

Flowering calyx-tube 4-3 in. long:

Leaves of main stems 2-3 in. long, 1-1} in.

broad, elliptic-lanceolate ; corolla-tube about

S lin’ long“... ee ss 2h (4) foliosus.

Leaves of main stems 3-2 in. long, }-? in.

broad :

Corolla-tube 9-10} lin. (or more ?) long, very

slender ; leaves densely tomentose with

stellately branched hairs on both sides... (13) Gerrardi.

Corolla-tube 6-8 lin. long :

Leaves flat, not white-woolly beneath :

Stems 1-3 ft. high, 1-2 lin. thick ;

leaves ovate or lanceolate, with very

prominent subparallel rib-like veins

beneath bis ve cen ... (5) transvaalensis.

Stems 3-1 ft. high, about } lin. thick ;

leaves cuneately obovate or oblanceo-

late, veins scarcely or but slightly

prominent beneath ... Ye: ... (7) Maddii.

Leaves with revolute margins, linear or

linear-lanceolate, white-woolly with

simple hairs beneath ... ees ... (17) decipiens.

Corolla-tube 3-5 lin. long: _ :

Leaves lanceolate, white- or greyish-

tomentose on both sides Sie .-- (12) Elliottii.

Leaves lanceolate, green above, greyish-

white with minute dense tomentum

beneath ... a fe rs ... (14) stenophyllus.

Leaves lanceolate or elliptic, green on both

sides, no dense tomentum : é

Bracts with long tapering acute points;

lower stamens much longer than the

lower lip of the corolla... «s+ (8) Thorncroftii.

Bracts acute, not long-pointed ; lower

stamens not exceeding the lower lip :

of the corolla... ius ie +. (10) Rogersii.

240 LABIAT (Brown). [ Orthosiphon.

tiUpper and terminal bracts either small and incon-

spicuous or if larger neither much coloured

(violet in O. humilis), leaf-like, lax nor spreading,

deciduous or persistent :

Leaves green and pubescent (usually thinly) to

nearly glabrous beneath ; corolla-tube 4-3 in.

long :

Vouer stamens not exceeding the lower corolla-

lip ; leaves 3~$ in. long; oblanceolate or

obovate des ve oe . (20) Pretorie.

Lower stamens very eee Biises than the

lower corolla-lip :

Leaves serrate with small teeth :

Leaves lanceolate or ovate, acute; veins

impressed above ; corolla-tube 23-5 lin.

long:

titves distinctly petiolate :

Leaves with moderately long and

apparently outstanding hairs on

both sides, subciliate ; peravier

2-34 lin. long... . (23) varians.

Leaves with very minute eel

hairs on both sides, not ciliate ;

petioles 1-2 lin. long... ... (24) affinis.

Leaves narrowed to the base, scarcely

petiolate, nearly or quite glabrous

above, distinctly pubescent on the

veins beneath, ciliate ss ... (25) Holubii.

Leaves elliptic, obtuse or rounded at the

apex; veins not impressed above ;

corolla-tube 5-6 lin. long... +s. (26) Bolusii.

Leaves entire, lanceolate or elliptic, finely

puberulous on both sides; veins not

impressed and indistinct above ... ... (27) humilis.

Leaves densely whitish-pubescent or white- (rarely

yellowish-) tomentose beneath, excluding the

sometimes revolute margins :

Tomentum or pubescence on underside of leaves

composed of unbranched hairs :

Leaves flat or longitudinally folded, not

revolute at the margins, 2-12 in. Tog :

inflorescence branched ... . (23) canescens.

Leaves revolute at the margins, Hi in, i Aoig? ;

inflorescence not branched :

Entire flowering-calyx less than } in. long ; '

corolla-tube 34-43 lin. long... . (16) albifiorus.

Entire flowering-calyx 3 in. or more sie :

corolla-tube 7-74 lin. long... --» (17) decipiens.

Tomentum on underside of leaves composed of

very minute branched hairs ; corolla-tube

34-9 lin. long

Pubescence on ite calyx chiefly of Jong spread-

ing simple or slightly branched hairs, with

or without an admixture of (but not

tomentose with) minute branched hairs :

Stems 1-14 ft. high, #-1 lin. thick ; lower

stamens twice as long as the lower

corolla-lip ee ee ae ft eS

Orthosiphon. | LABIATA (Brown). 241

Stems 6-10 in. high, 4-2 lin. thick ; lower

stamens about as long as the lower

corolla-lip an sea nae ... (19) teucriifolius,

var. B.

Pubescence on the calyx chiefly a dense

tomentum of minute branched hairs,

with or without some long simple hairs ;

lower stamens not or scarcely longer

than the lower corolla-lip :

Stems 6-10 in. high, 3-1 in. thick ; fila-

ments of lower stamens united almost

to the apex i ... (19) teucriifolius,

Stems 7-27 in. high, 3-14 lin. thick ; fila-

ments of lower stamens united for 4-2

of their length ... ae, see --- (18) subvelutinus,

1. 0. macrophyllus (N. E. Br.) ; stems 2 ft. or more high, stout,

1j-2 lin. thick in the lower part, obtusely 4-angled, rather thinly

subtomentose ; leaves of the main stems 13-24 in. long, 3-1 in.

broad (bearing short leafy shoots in their axils), lanceolate, acute or

subacute, cuneately tapering into a short petiole, shortly serrate in

the upper 3, densely and very shortly white-tomentose on both sides,

with the veins impressed above, prominent beneath, much reticulate ;

leaves of the axillary shoots similar, but smaller and usually very .

obtuse at the apex; panicle lax, 1-1} ft. long, with simple or

branched lateral branches 3-10 in. long; whorls 3-1 in. apart,

4—6-flowered ; bracts very caducous (only one pair at the summit of

a branch seen), small, ovate, acuminate, deeply gibbous-concave,

pubescent, white-woolly on the margins; pedicels } lin. long,

pubescent ; calyx 5-toothed, pubescent outside, glabrous within,

densely ciliate with white-woolly hairs on the teeth ; tube 2-2} lin.

long, ovoid in fruit; upper tooth 1-1} lin. long, 1 lin. broad,

broadly subquadrate-ovate, somewhat angular at the sides, abruptly

and shortly mucronate ; lateral and lower teeth subequal, about 14

lin, long, rather narrowly deltoid-subulate ; corolla about 3 times as

long as the calyx, apparently dark red; tube 43-5 lin. long, very

slightly curved just above the base, whence it becomes gradually

dilated, compressed, glabrous outside, pubescent inside at the base

and with a transverse band of hairs near the mouth on the upper

side ; upper lip 3-4 lin. long, 3-lobed at the apex ; middle lobe 1 lin.

long and nearly as broad, elliptic, obtuse, slightly recurved at the

apex, minutely pubescent on the back ; lateral lobes small, rounded ;

lower lip 33-43 lin. long, subcordate-ovate, obtuse, longitudinally

folded, concave, ciliate with woolly hairs, minutely pubescent on the

back ; stamens much exserted ; upper pair arising at the middle of

the corolla-tube, 8-9 lin. long, their filaments free, flattened, ciliate

on both margins at the base only ; lower pair arising at the base of

the lower lip, 54-64 lin. long, their filaments united to the apex,

glabrous ; style filiform, much exserted, glabrous; stigma very

slightly thickened, unequally bifid; nutlets nearly 14 lin. long,

oblong, compressed, light brown, shining. Syncolostemon macro-

phyllus, Guerke in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 555.

VOL. V.—SECT. I. og

242 LABIAT& (Brown). [ Orthosiphon.

Eastern REGIoN : Natal ; on the Drakensberg at Ingagane, Rehmann, 7016!

and between Ingogo and Charlestown, 4000-5000 ft., Wood, 6398 !

2. 0. latidens (N. E. Br.); herbaceous, 4-5 ft. high (Gerrard) ;

stems obtusely 4-angled, pubescent ; leaves with very short leafy

shoots in their axils scarcely longer than the 3-4 lin.-long petioles ;

blade 11-1} in. long, 10-14 lin. broad, broadly ovate, acute, rounded

or subcordate at the base, serrate, sparsely and minutely pubescent

above, more densely and finely greyish-pubescent beneath, with

prominent reticulate veins ; panicle elongated, narrow, 8-9 in. long,

13-2 in. broad, with suberect branches 1}$—-2 in. long ; whorls

41—-} in. apart, 3—6-flowered ? ; bracts 2-6 lin. long, }-1 lin. broad,

lanceolate, acute, about two of the terminal pairs without flowers in

their axils, purple, persistent, the others very deciduous, pubescent ;

pedicels 1-1} lin. long, pubescent ; calyx tubular, 5-toothed, pubes-

cent outside, puberulous within, apparently reddish or purplish-

tinted ; tube about 4 lin. long ; upper tooth 2 lin. long, 1} lin. broad,

oblong, obtuse ; lateral and lower teeth subequal, 14-1} lin. long,

4 lin. broad at the middle, flat, linear-lanceolate, acute, ciliate ;

corolla nearly twice as long as the calyx, thinly pubescent on the

outside of the lips, glabrous within, rose-coloured ; tube 6—7} lin.

long, dilated and compressed in the upper part, forming a vault to

the upper lip, which is 3}—4 lin. long, oblong, unequally 3-lobed at

the apex; middle lobe about 1 lin. long and broad, orbicular,

obtuse ; lateral lobes very small, rounded ; lower lip 3-34 lin. long,

oblong, obtuse, boat-shaped, about 1 lin. deep; stamens much

exserted, unequal ; upper pair inserted slightly above the middle of

the tube, free, about # in. long; lower pair inserted at the base of

the lower lip, } in. long, exserted 3-4 lin. beyond the upper pair,

their filaments united to the apex ; style filiform, exserted ; stigma

minutely bifid.

Eastern Recion: Natal; Umvoti district, Gerrard, 1233!

3. 0. macranthus (Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 84); plant

3-5 ft. high (Cooper, Wood), woody below, much branched (Wood) ;

branches obtusely 4-angled above, terete below, minutely puberulous ;

leaves spreading, with very short leafy shoots or fascicles of small

leaves in their axils; petiole 1-4 lin. long; blade (of main-stem

leaves) rather thick, 1-1} in. long, }-1 in. broad, elliptic-ovate,

ovate-lanceolate or elliptic, obtuse to acute, cuneate at the base,

usually with 3-9 small teeth along the middle or upper two-thirds

on each side, sometimes nearly or quite entire, minutely rough to

the touch on both surfaces, almost glabrous to the eye, densely

gland-dotted ; panicle narrow, about 7 —10 in. long and 2 in. broad,

with 6 or fewer pairs of suberect branches 1-3 in. long, puberulous ;

whorls }-% in. apart, 2—6-flowered ; bracts }+} in. long, 4-} in.

broad, elliptic or elliptic-ovate, subacute, with short recurved points,

puberulous and with. a minute cottony ciliation, often purplish-

tinted, very deciduous, but at first closely imbricate over the buds

Orthosiphon. | LABIATA (Brown). 243

and forming ovoid tips to the flower-branches ; pedicels }—3 lin.

long, pubescent ; calyx obconic-tubular, somewhat acute at the base,

harshly puberulous outside, puberulous within ; tube 34—4 lin. long ;

upper tooth slightly spreading, 14-24 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad,

elliptic-oblong or slightly obovate-oblong, obtuse or subacute, cilio-

late ; lateral and lower teeth subequal, 14—2 lin. long, flat (not

bristle-like), gradually tapering from the }-lin. broad base to an

acute point, ciliate ; corolla “ pink and white” (Wood), “ purple”

(Cooper), pubescent nearly to the base outside, puberulous within ;

tube 3-1 in. long, nearly straight, slender at the basal half,

widening to about } in. in vertical diameter at the compressed

subtruncate mouth; upper lip with 3 small lobules ; middle

lobule 3 lin. long and broad, suborbicular or subquadrate ? ; lateral

lobules much smaller, rounded ; lower lip deflexed, 2}—3 lin. long,

1 lin. broad, boat-shaped, obtuse ; stamens exserted, unequal ; ©

upper pair inserted 1—} in. below the mouth of the tube, 5-6 lin.

long, free, flat, ciliate on the basal part ; lower pair inserted at the

base of the lower lip, 34-4 lin. long, exserted beyond the upper

pair, with their filaments united to the apex, glabrous; stigma

minutely bifid. Hemizygia Cooperi, Brig. in Bull. Herb. Boiss.

2™ sér. iii. 992.

Katanari Recion: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 1015 ‘

Eastern Recion: Natal; Mohlamba Range, 5000-606) ft., Sutherland! edge

of a ravine near Van Reenens Pass, 5500 ft., and banks of the Tugela, 4000 ft.,

Wood, 3573 (Natal Herb. 949)! under shade on a rocky hill near Berlin Mission

Station, Wood, 3554!

4. 0. foliosus (N. E. Br.) ; stems woody at the base, pubescent

or pilose above, very leafy ; leaves ascending-spreading, 2-3 in.

long, 1-14 in. broad at the middle, broadly lanceolate or elliptic-

lanceolate, acute to obtuse, cuneately narrowed into a petiole

1-1} lin. long, shortly serrate on the margin, slightly shining,

varying from rather thinly puberulous on both sides, with rather

longer pubescence on the prominent nerves beneath, to softly pilose

with long hairs on both sides ; panicle 6 in. or more long, with 2-3

pairs of ascending-spreading branches 3--6 in. long, sometimes

reduced to a simple raceme, somewhat harshly pubescent ; whorls

1-3 in, apart, 2-flowered ; upper and terminal bracts 4-3 in. long,

1-1 in, broad, very spreading, lanceolate, acute, cuneate at the

base, rather thin, pubescent along the midrib beneath and ciliate,

otherwise glabrous, apparently carmine or rosy-purple, deciduous or

perhaps the upper persistent ; pedicels 1-2 lin. long, pubescent ;

calyx-tube 1 (in fruit about 4) in. long, campanulate, somewhat

harshly puberulous on the nerves ; upper tooth {—} in. long, 4} in.

broad, orbicular-ovate or transverse, very obtuse ; lateral and lower

teeth unequal, bristle-like, the lower pair } in. long; corolla

apparently white, puberulous on the back of the upper and lower

lips, elsewhere glabrous ; tube } in. long, compressed and dilated at

the upper part, truncate at the mouth or upper lip, = has a

R 4

244 LABIATAE (Brown). | Orthosiphon.

small erect orbicular-ovate middle lobule recurved at the margins ;

lower lip directed forwards, } in. long, boat-shaped, obtuse ;

stamens exserted much beyond the lower lip ; upper pair inserted

at about the middle of the corolla-tube, with free filaments,

puberulous on their basal part ; lower pair inserted at the base

of the lower lip, with the filaments united to the apex and

exceeding the upper pair; nutlets compressed-orbicular, | lin. in

diam., smooth, brown. Hemizygia foliosa, S. Moore in Journ. Bot.

1905, 172.

Kavanart Recioy: Swaziland; near Mbabane (Embabaan), 4600 ft., Burtt

Davy, 2833! Bolus, 12250! 12254!

5. O. transvaalensis (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 281,

transvaalense) ; perennial ; stems 2-3 ft. high, probably woody at the

base, branching at the upper part, obtusely 4-angled above, terete and

striate below, very thinly to rather densely pubescent with spreading

hairs ; leaves of the main stems (including the 4-2 lin.-long petioles)

4-11 in. long, }-% in. broad, those on the branches smaller, ovate or

lanceolate, rarely elliptic, acute or obtuse, rounded at the base,

serrate, denticulate or rarely some entire, glabrous or with thin

minute adpressed pubescence or with longer scattered hairs above,

greyish beneath, sometimes with exceedingly minute pubescence,

sometimes thinly pilose on the conspicuously prominent veins ;

panicle with 1-2 pair of simple branches and a terminal one,

34-6 in. long, each with 4-9 whorls }-1} in. apart, 6-flowered ;

upper 2-4 pairs of bracts flowerless, persistent, |—1 in. long, 1-3 lin. |

broad, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acute, cuneately tapering

into a short petiole, thin, glabrous above, minutely puberu-

lous beneath, ciliate, coloured (pink?) ; flowering bracts very

deciduous, leaf-like, thin ?, lanceolate, acute, perhaps more or less

coloured; pedicels 1-2 lin. long, pubescent ; calyx-tube 3-4 lin.

long, tubular-campanulate, pubescent outside, minutely puberulous

within ; upper tooth 14-2 lin. long, orbicular, obtuse ; lateral and

lower teeth bristle-like, the lower 1-1} (in fruit up to 2) lin. long ;

corolla moderately large, with widely gaping lips, minutely pube-

rulous at the tips of the lips outside and more minutely within the

tube, otherwise glabrous, pink (Thorncroft), lilac (Bolus) ; tube

much exserted, }—3 in. long, very slightly curved, slender at the

basal 2, dilated and compressed at the truncate mouth which forms

the 3-5 lin.-long upper lip, which is abruptly constricted at the top

of the very small auricle-like lateral lobes into a small subquadrate

obtuse middle lobe ; lower lip 3-5 lin. long, boat-shaped, obtuse ;

stamens much exserted, very unequal, upcurved at the tips ; upper

pair inserted at the middle of the corolla-tube, 7 lin. long, with free

flattened filaments, minutely ciliate on the lower part ; lower pair

5-8 lin. long, extending about 3 lin. beyond the upper, with the —

filaments united nearly or quite to the apex, glabrous ; stigma not

thickened, minutely bifid. Ocimum Wilmsii, Guerke in Engl. Jahrb.

xxvi. 79.

Orthosiphon. | LABIAT (Brown). 245

Katanart Reaion: Transvaal; hills near Barberton, 3000-4500 ft., Galpin,

468 ex Guerke, Bolus, 7604! Concession Creek, near Barberton, Thorncroft, 175!

3125! Wood, 4289! near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1107! and 1108 ex Guerke. Riet-

oer Lydenburg, Burtt Davy, 7256! near the Crocodile River, Schlechter,

16!

6. 0. labiatus (N. E. Br.); apparently a branching herb (or

shrub?) 2 ft. or more high ; branches 4-angled, pubescent; leaves

spreading ; petiole very slender, }-} in. long, pubescent; blade

3-14 in. long, 4-1 in. broad, ovate or elliptic-ovate, obtuse or acute,

very shortly and broadly cuneate or rounded at the base, obtusely

serrate, very thinly and rather minutely pubescent on both sides,

paler on the under side; racemes with 4-6 whorls 4-} in. apart,

4—6-flowered ; lower bracts deciduous, not seen ; upper more or less

persistent, purple, 34-4 lin. long, 24 lin. broad, orbicular, abruptly

cuspidate-acuminate ; pedicels 24-3 lin. long, slender, puberulous ;

calyx thin, purple; tube 2} lin. long, campanulate, thinly pube-

rulous ; upper tooth 14 lin. long, 1} lin. broad, orbicular-ovate,

decurrent on the tube ; lateral teeth $ lin. long and the lower pair

14 lin. long, all subulate from a broader base, flat for the greater

part of their length ; corolla-tube 4-4} lin. long, with the upper

part bent downwards from the middle and enlarging to about 2 lin.

in vertical diameter at the mouth, glabrous ; upper and lower lips

subequal, 4-5 lin. long, measured from the base of the gape, about

1} lin. broad, oblong ; upper lip standing nearly at a right angle to

the tube, with parallel sides, 3-toothed at the apex, with the middle

tooth larger and rounder than the lateral pair ; lower lip directed

forwards or perhaps ultimately reflexed, obtuse, concave ; stamens

ultimately exserted beyond the lower lip ; filaments all free, those

of the upper pair inserted close to the base of the corolla-tube,

ciliate at the basal part.

Karanart Reaion: Transvaal; Woodbush Mountains, 6400 ft., Schlechter,

4434!

The long slender petioles and long upper lip of the corolla readily distinguish

this from all the other South African species.

7. 0. Muddii (N. E. Br.); stems probably several from a

perennial rootstock, 3-1 ft. high, slender, about } lin. thick, erect,

simple or slightly branched, 4-angled, pubescent ; leaves in 3-4

distant pairs, 3-1} in. long, }-} in. broad, those on the axillary

shoots smaller, obovate or oblanceolate, acute or obtuse, very

acutely tapering into the 1-1} lin.-long petiole, acutely toothed in

the upper half, very sparsely pubescent on both sides or nearly

glabrous beneath and the veins but slightly prominent; raceme

simple, with 2-4 whorls }—1 in. apart, 6-flowered ; flowering-bracts |

4 in. long, 14-24 lin. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, ciliate, deciduous ;

terminal 2-3 pairs of bracts flowerless, persistent, spreading,

pinkish-red, 6-10 lin. long, 14-3 lin. broad, lanceolate, very acumi-

nate, tapering into a short petiole, slightly pubescent, ciliate ;

246 LABIAT& (Brown). [ Orthosiphon.

pedicels 1-2 lin. long, pubescent ; calyx-tube 3-3) lin, long, tubular-

campanulate, pubescent outside, minutely puberulous within, darkly

coloured ; upper tooth 1-1} lin. long, 1} lin. broad, obtusely

rounded ; lateral and lower teeth 1-13 lin. long, bristle-like from a

deltoid base ; corolla slightly and minutely pubescent outside ; tube

7-74 lin. long, dilated and compressed in the upper part, glabrous

inside ; upper lip 3 lin. long, oblong, complicate-concave or some-

what hooded, shortly and obtusely 3-lobed at the apex, the middle

lobe 4 lin. long, nearly 1 lin. broad, twice as long as the lateral

lobes ; lower lip 3-34 lin. long, oblong, obtuse, concave ; stamens

unequal, the united pair (or all when fully exserted) straight,

except at the very apex, which is upcurved ; upper pair inserted

about } in. above the base of the corolla-tube, 7 lin. long, at length

exserted, their filaments free, flat, ciliate ; lower pair inserted at

the base of the lower lip, 4 lin. long, their filaments united nearly

to the apex, glabrous ; stigma shortly bifid, with linear lobes.

Katanart Reoton: Transvaal; on the Drakensberg Plateau, Mudd! near

Spitzkop, Lydenburg district, Burtt Davy, 1570!

8. 0. Thorncroftii (N. E. Br.) ; stems apparently several from the

same rootstock, 5-8 in. high, about 2 lin. thick at the base, scabe-

rulous; leaves in 3-4 pairs, with or without short (usually shorter

than the leaves) shoots in their axils, ascending-spreading, }—{ in.

long, 1—} in. broad, lanceolate, acute, acutely narrowed into a short

petiole, with thinly scattered pubescence on both sides; whorls 2-4

in a simple raceme, 2-1 in. apart, 3-6-flowered ; lower bracts }—} in.

long, lanceolate, acute, like reduced leaves, deciduous ; upper bracts

persistent, thin and coloured, purple ?, spreading, 3-{ in. long,

1-1 in. broad, lanceolate, tapering into a long acuminate point at

the apex and into a distinct petiole at the base, often without

flowers in their axils; pedicels 1-1} lin. long, pubescent ; calyx-

tube 1—} in. long, pubescent outside; upper tooth 4-} in. long,

broadly ovate, acute; lateral and lower teeth bristle-like, the

lower 1 in. long; corolla-tube 44 lin. long, exceeding the calyx-

teeth, slightly curved, compressed, truncate at the mouth, minutely

puberulous ; upper lip 3-lobed, middle lobe erect, about } lin. long

and 2 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, lateral lobes much smaller ; lower

lip } in. long, elliptic-boat-shaped, obtuse ; upper pair of stamens

inserted just below the middle of the tube, free, ciliate on the basal

part, exserted as far as the lower pair or only to the tip of the lower

lip ; lower pair inserted at the base of the lower lip and exserted

far beyond it, 4-4} lin. long, with their filaments united to the

apex.

Katanarti Reoron : Transvaal; near Barberton, 7'horncroft, 3123! Bolus, 9743!

Saddleback Range, near Barberton, Galpin, 465 (mingled with O. persimilis) !

9. O. persimilis (N. E. Br.); stems }-1 ft. (or more?) high,

simple or branched, about 1 lin. thick at the base, 4-angled, pilose-

pubescent ; leaves 3-1 in. long, 3-} in, bread, lanceolate, acute,

Orthosiphon. | LABIAT (Brown). 247

cuneately tapering to an acute subsessile or scarcely petiolate base,

thinly pilose on both sides ; raceme with 5—7 whorls 3—# in. apart,

6-flowered ; bracts on the lower part of the raceme very deciduous, not

seen, upper persistent, thin and coloured, leaf-like, spreading, }—{ in.

long, 1—1 in. broad, lanceolate, acute, cuneate at the subsessile base,

minutely puberulous and ciliate, often without flowers in their axils ;

pedicels 14-2 lin. long, pubescent ; calyx }-} (in fruit }) in. long,

tubular-campanulate, pubescent ; upper tooth } in. long, broadly

ovate, acute; lateral and lower teeth bristlelike, the lower } in.

long ; corolla-tube not or scarcely exceeding the lower calyx-

teeth, 2 in. long, compressed, truncate at the mouth, glabrous ;

upper lip 3-lobed ; middle lobe 1; in. long, 1 lin. broad, subquadrate,

subtruncate, slightly puberulous on the back ; lateral lobes much

smaller ; lower lip 4 in. long, orbicular-boat-shaped, shortly stalked,

very obtuse ; stamens exserted and extending nearly or quite to the

tip of the lower lip, both pairs with free filaments, or the lower

pair united for 4-1 of their length, sometimes both forms on the

same stem; upper pair inserted at the middle of the corolla-tube,

rather more than } in. long, their filaments rather densely ciliate

nearly to the apex ; lower; pair inserted at the base of tke lower

lip, 4 in, long, their filaments ciliate for half-way along one

margin.

Katauart Recion: Transvaal; near Barberton, Thorneroft, 3132! Saddleback

Range, near ‘Barberton, Galpin, 465 (mingled with 0. Thorncroftii) | Nel Spruit,

Rogers, 308 !

Dried specimens of this plant so closely resemble those of O. Thorncroftii and

both have been collected by Galpin (465) as being one species, that in spite of the

very obvious difference in the shorter corolla-tube and shorter stamens I am very

doubtful if it be more than a sexual condition of that species, but this can only be

decided by growing the plants from seed. As in the case of O. subvelutinus and

O. montanus (which see) it is clear that the mere union or freedom of the lower

pair of filaments is useless as a generic character since in a specimen of Galpin

465 I find flowers with united and others with free filaments in the same

raceme !

10. 0. Rogersii (N. E. Br.); stems probably several from the

same rootstock, 5-8 in. high, sharply 4-angled, pilose, with 3-4

pairs of leaves, having short flowerless branches in the axils of the

upper 2-3 pairs ; leaves subsessile, 5-8 lin. long, 14-24 lin. broad,

lanceolate or elliptic, acute or obtuse, green and thinly pilose on

both sides or the upper surface with very few hairs ; glands very

conspicuous ; inflorescence a simple raceme of 5-7 whorls 4-1 in.

apart and. 3—6-flowered ; bracts 4-5 lin. long, 2-24 lin. broad,

lanceolate to elliptic, subsessile, with the lower pair more or less

leaf-like and persistent and the upper thinner, rosy-purple, persistent,

those at the middle of the raceme more or less deciduous, both sides

minutely puberulous and sometimes with a few longer hairs on the

back ; pedicels 14-2 lin. long, pilose ; calyx-tube 2}—23 lin. long,

tubular-campanulate, pilose outside ; upper tooth 1} lin. long, very

broadly ovate, obtuse, sometimes apiculate ; lateral and lower teeth

248 LABIATA (Brown). | Orthosiphon.

subequal, 1 lin. long, the lateral flat and deltoid-subulate, the lower

more or less bristle-like, ciliate ; corolla minutely puberulous on the

upper side of the tube outside and within, and on the back of the

upper lip, otherwise glabrous, drying dark brownish-orange ; tube

sometimes scarcely exceeding the calyx-teeth, sometimes exserted

14 lin. beyond them, 3-4} lin. long; upper lip formed by the very

oblique mouth of the tube, 2-2} lin. long, very obtusely 3-lobed at

the apex, with the middle lobe larger than the lateral, }—3 lin. long,

1-13 lin. broad; lower lip 2-2} lin. long, boat-shaped, obtuse; stamens

not exceeding the lower lip, all exserted from the tube and subequal

or the upper pair included and scarcely reaching to the base of the

lower pair ; upper pair with free filaments inserted near the base of

the corolla-tube, flat, linear or linear-lanceolate, densely ciliate on

both margins ; lower pair inserted at the base of the lower lip, 1-24

lin. long, with their filaments free or united only at the very base,

glabrous.

KatanHart Reoaion: Transvaal; Nel Spruit, Rogers, 4740! Devils Kantoor,

Bolus, 9742!

11. O. bracteosus (Baker in Dyer, FI. Trop. Afr. v. 375) ; plant

3-2 ft. high, simple or branched ; branches thinly pubescent ; leaves

sessile, 14-3 in. long, }-} in. broad, narrowly lanceolate, acute,

cuneately narrowed at the base, slightly and shortly serrate, thinly

and minutely puberulous on both sides; raceme 14-5 in. long, of

5-12 distant 6-flowered whorls ; upper and terminal bracts }—% in.

long, 2-5 lin. broad, often without flowers in their axils, persistent,

purple-red, ovate-lanceolate, ovate or orbicular-ovate, acute to very

obtuse ; lower bracts very deciduous, not seen; pedicels about

1 lin. long, puberulous ; calyx-tube 14 (in fruit nearly 2) lin. long,

campanulate, puberulous ; upper tooth }~1 lin. long, broadly ovate,

obtuse ; lateral and lower teeth bristle-like, the lower 1]-14 (in |

fruit up to 2) lin. long; corolla white, minutely glandular outside,

slightly and minutely puberulous above the insertion of the upper

stamens within ; tube 3—4 lin. long, compressed, gradually enlarging

from the base to the truncate mouth, which forms the upper lip

and is very shortly and obtusely 3-lobed ; lower lip 1-1} lin. long,

deeply concave, obtuse ; stamens exserted ; upper pair 34—4 lin.

long, inserted below the middle of the tube, free, abruptly curved or

kneed, but not toothed at the base, slightly pubescent ; lower pair in-

serted at the base of the lower lip, united nearly or quite to their apex,

21 lin. long ; stigma clavate, entire ; nutlets 1-1} lin. long and brodd,

compressed-subglobose, with a keel on each side and one down the

back on the apical part, slightly and coarsely reticulate, light brown.

Ocimum bracteosum, Benth. Lab. 14, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 41;

Schinz in Mém. Herb. Boiss. x. 61. Hemizygia bracteosa, Brig., and

H. Junodi, Briq., and var. Quintasii, Brig. in Ann. Conserv. Jard. Bot.

Genev. ii, 248, 249 ; Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2” sér. iii. 661.

Eastern Recion: Delagoa Bay, Monteiro, 20! Junod, 61, 235, Bolus, 9741!

Orthosiphon. | LABIATA (Brown). 249

Briquet has separated this plant into two species, chiefly distinguishable by the

size of the flowers ; but in different gatherings and often in different specimens of

the same gathering (both Tropical and South African) I find the flowers vary much

in size and exsertion of the corolla. The leaves and bracts are also very variable.

12. 0. Elliottii (Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 376); a

branching shrub or shrublet ; young branches obtusely 4-angled,

tomentose with a felt of minute branched hairs, becoming woody

with a glabrous brown bark; leaves $-1} in. long, }-} in.

broad, lanceolate, ovate or elliptic, acute or obtuse, cuneately

narrowed into a petiole }—1 lin. long, densely white- or greyish-

tomentose on both sides with minute branched hairs, reticulated

with rather thick prominent veins beneath ; racemes simple, 1}—3

in. long, with 4-8 2-flowered whorls }~} in. apart ; bracts }—4 in.

long, 1-1 in. broad, ovate or obovate, obtuse or broadly rounded at

the apex, thin, glabrous, minutely ciliate, bright rosy-purple, all at

first imbricating, forming a subglobose or oblong bud-like termina-

tion to the raceme, deciduous as the raceme develops, with some of

the terminal pairs persistent and without flowers in their axils ;

pedicels 3-1 lin. long, tomentose ; calyx-tube 2 lin. long, tubular-

campanulate, thinly covered with minute branched hairs outside,

glabrous within; upper tooth 2-1 lin. long, 1} lin. broad, semi-

circular, decurrent on the tube ; lateral and lower teeth bristle-like,

3-1 lin. long ; corolla-tube 3} lin. long, glabrous outside, puberulous

on the lower part within, 14-1} lin. in vertical diam. at the

obliquely truncate mouth, which forms the upper lip and has a small

transverse emarginate lobe } lin. long at the apex, and a small tooth

on each side of it; lower lip 2-24 lin. long, concave or somewhat

boat-shaped, obtuse ; stamens not exserted beyond the lower lip ;

upper pair inserted at about 4 of the way up the corolla-tube, with

free filaments, densely ciliate on their lower half; lower pair

exceeding the upper, inserted at the base of the lower lip, 2 lin.

long, with their filaments united for a very short distance at the

base.

Katanarrt Recon: Bechuanaland ; Bakwena Territory, 3500 ft., Zolub !

Also in Tropical Africa.

13. O. Gerrardi (N. E. Br.) ; a shrub 3-4 ft. high, woody below,

the branchlets, both sides of the leaves and the outside of the calyx

densely clothed with white, somewhat flocculent tomentum of

stellate hairs ; leaves rather thick ; petiole about 2 lin. long ; blade

5-8 lin. long, 24-5 lin, broad, ovate or elliptic-oblong, obtuse or

subacute, somewhat cuneate at the base; inflorescence a raceme or

few-branched panicle 14-2 in. long; flowers solitary in the axils of

the bracts, opposite ; lower bracts J—4 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad,

narrowly elliptic or oblong-oblanceolate, obtuse, narrowed into a

short petiole, thick and white-tomentose like the leaves, spreading ;

upper bracts similar, but rather larger, thinner, rose-coloured

(Gerrard), less tomentose ; pedicels 1-1} lin. long ; calyx-tube 2}-

250 _s LABIATZ (Brown). | Orthosiphon.

3} lin. long, subcylindric, enlarged in fruit ; upper tooth # lin. long,

very broadly ovate, obtuse ; lateral and lower teeth bristle-like, the

latter 1 lin. long, twice as long as the former; corolla nearly

4 times as long as the calyx, rose-coloured (Gerrard), pubescent

with short spreading hairs outside ; tube 84-104 lin. long, slender,

cylindric, straight ; upper lip 3-3} lin. long, 14 lin. broad, narrowly

oblong, very shortly 3-lobed at the obtuse apex ; lower lip 3-33 lin.

long, }—3 lin. broad, linear-oblong, obtuse, boat-shaped ; stamens all

inserted close together at the base of the lower lip, glabrous, the

upper pair free, 14 lin. long, lower pair 2 lin. long, their filaments

connate to half-way up ; stigma entire, scarcely enlarged ; nutlets

1} lin. long, oblong, obtuse, smooth, light brown.

Eastern Reaion: Natal; in rocky ground near Ingoma, Gerrard, 1239 !

14. 0. stenophyllus (Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 84); stems

woody below, 14 ft. (or more?) high, obtusely and rather obscurely

4-angled, minutely tomentose with branched hairs, very leafy and

beset with short leafy branchlets ; leaves on the main stems }#-1}

in. long, 14-43 lin. broad, those on the axillary branchlets smaller,

all subsessile or very shortly petiolate, narrowly linear-lanceolate to

oblong-lanceolate, acute or obtuse, entire or rarely a few of the

largest toothed, glabrous above, with a very minutely papillate

surface, minutely white-tomentose beneath ; veins subparallel, im-

pressed above, prominent beneath ; inflorescence simple or branched

at the base; whorls 5-9 lin. apart, 4—6-flowered ; flowering bracts

very caducous, 6-7 lin. long, 3-34 lin. broad, ovate or ovate-lanceo-

late, acuminate, very glandular, minutely tomentose on the back ;

terminal 2-3 pairs of bracts flowerless, persistent, 5—11 lin. long,

13-3 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, rosy ; pedicels 1-2 lin. long,

pubescent with very short stout jointed hairs; calyx pubescent

with short jointed hairs mingled with stalked glands; tube

24-24 lin. long, campanulate, enlarged in fruit; upper tooth

scarcely | lin. long, 1} lin. broad, broadly rounded, very obtuse,

sometimes minutely crenulate; lateral and lower teeth unequal,

3-1 lin. long, bristle-like from a broader base, ciliate ; corolla about

twice as long as the calyx, rosy (Tyson), lilac (Wood) ; tube 5 lin.

long, slightly curved near the base, dilated and compressed in the

upper part, glabrous outside, very minutely pubescent within ;

upper lip 2-2} lin. long, unequally 3-lobed ; terminal lobe $—} lin.

long, | lin. broad, suborbicular or transverse, entire or emarginate,

reflexed at the sides ; lateral lobes very small, rounded, reflexed ;

lower lip 13-2 lin. long, boat-shaped, 3-1 lin. deep, obtuse,

pubescent outside ; stamens very much exserted, unequal ; upper

pair inserted at the middle of the corolla-tube, 44—7 lin. long, their

filaments free, flattened, ciliate on both margins at the base ; lower

pair inserted at the base of the lower lip, 34-5} lin. long, exceeding

the upper pair, their filaments variously united, sometimes for }—3 of

their length, at others quite to the apex, glabrous ; stigma slightly

Orthosiphon. | LABIATA (Brown). 251

thickened, shortly and obtusely 2-lobed ; nutlets 1 lin. long, oblong,

slightly compressed, light brown, shining.

Eastern Recion : Pondoland ; Fakus Territory, Sutherland! Griqualand East ;

in grassy places around Fort Donald, 5000 ft., Z'yson, 1666! and at Emyembi,

5000 ft., Tyson, 2137! on both sides of a mountain near Emyembe Forest,

5000 ft., Z'yson in MacOwan and Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 1293! eastern

side of the Zuurberg Range, 4500 ft., Tyson, 1720! Natal; on a grassy hill near

Umtamouma River, Wood, 3107! near Boston, 3000-4000 ft., Wood, 4624 (Natal

Herb. 966)! Mawaga Mountain, 6000-7000 ft., Wood, 8126!

15. O. Rehmannii (Guerke in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 557) ; stems

several from a woody rootstock, 1-1} ft. high, 3-1 in. thick, erect,

very leafy and beset with short leafy axillary shoots, tomentose

with minute branched hairs intermingled with long hairs ; leaves of

the main stems 5-9 lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad, subsessile, rather thick,

some flat, cuneately oblanceolate, subacute, toothed above the

middle, revolute along the margins, others linear or linear-lanceo-

late from the margins being very revolute, minutely and somewhat

thinly tomentose above, white-tomentose with minute branched

hairs beneath ; veins subparallel, very stout and prominent beneath,

impressed above ; leaves of the axillary shoots much smaller, linear-

lanceolate, entire, with very revolute margins ; inflorescence 3-4 in.

long, simple or with 1-2 pairs of branches at the base; whorls

4-8 lin. apart, 4—6-flowered ; bracts caducous, not seen ; pedicels

1-14 lin. long, densely villous with long simple hairs ; calyx villous

outside and ciliate on the teeth with long simple hairs intermingled

with stalked glands, puberulous inside ; tube 24-3 lin. long, cam-

panulate ; upper tooth 1-1} lin. long, 1} lin. broad, orbicular-ovate,

subacute ; lateral and lower teeth unequal, 2-1 lin. long, bristle-like

from a broad base ; corolla about twice as long as the calyx, slightly

curved below the middle ; tube 6-9 lin. long, dilated and compressed

in the upper part, glabrous outside, minutely pubescent in the lower

part inside ; upper lip or truncate mouth of the tube 2—23 lin. long,

3.lobed ; middle lobe about 3 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, oblate or sub-

orbicular, tomentose on the back; lateral lobes small, rounded ;

lower lip 2-2} lin. long, very deeply boat-shaped, obtuse, tomen-

tose on the back ; stamens unequal, exserted much beyond the lower

lip of the corolla ; upper pair inserted at about } the way up the

corolla-tube, their filaments free, flattened, tomentose on the lower

part; lower pair inserted at the base of the lower lip, united

almost to the apex, glabrous ; stigma slightly thickened, with

2 short acute lobes.

Kabanart Rearon: Transvaal; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6172! Schlechter, 4442 !

I have only seen rather imperfect or unopened flowers of this species, and the

measurements given are perhaps inaccurate.

16. O. albiflorus (N. E. Br.); a branching shrub 2-3 ft. high ;

branches with internodes }-1 in. long, pubescent, beset with

numerous short axillary densely leafy branchlets ; leaves subsessile,

252 LABIATA (Brown). | Orthosiphon.

3-9 lin. long, 3-1} lin. broad, linear (probably sometimes also ovate),

obtuse, strongly revolute along the margins, entire, pubescent

above with rather long silky hairs, densely white-tomentose beneath

with similar hairs ; whorls 3-5, about 3-6 lin. apart, 4-6-flowered,

in simple racemes #—1} in. long; bracts falling away before the

corolla is exserted from the calyx, 3 lin. (or more?) long, very

broadly ovate, cuspidate-acuminate, deeply concave, pubescent ;

pedicels 4—? lin. long, densely pilose with simple and gland-tipped

hairs ; calyx-tube 13-1} lin. long, slightly enlarging in fruit, pilose

like the pedicels outside; upper tooth 7-1 lin. long and broad,

broadly ovate, acute, 4 lower teeth 1—3 lin. long, bristle-like, ciliate

chiefly with glandular hairs; corolla twice as long as the calyx,

white ; tube 34-4} lin. long, curved, rather abruptly dilated in the

upper half, glabrous outside, pubescent within ; upper lip 14 lin.

long, unequally 3-lobed ; terminal lobe } lin. long, } lin. broad,

transversely oblong, obtuse, with a few minute hairs on the back ;

lateral lobes very small, rounded; lower lip } lin. long, deeply

concave, with incurved margins, obtuse, pubescent outside ; stamens

exserted, slightly unequal ; upper pair inserted 14-2 lin. above the

base of the corolla-tube, 34 lin. long, their filaments free, con-

tiguous, flattened, ciliate along one margin for about 3 of their

length ; lower pair inserted at the base of the lower lip, 14 lin.

long, their filaments united nearly to the apex, glabrous ; stigma

clavate, emarginate or minutely bifid; nutlets 1 lin. long, oblong,

slightly compressed, light brown, shining.

Katanari Region: Transvaal ; Mac Mac, Mudd!

17. 0. decipiens (N. E. Br.) ; branches and leaves exactly as in

O. albiflorus ; whorls 4—} in. apart, 4-6-flowered, in a raceme 13-2}

in. long ; bracts 4—5 lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad, ovate, acuminate, thinly

adpressed-pubescent, somewhat tomentose-ciliate, apparently rosy-

purple, at first closely imbricate, covering the buds and forming an

ovoid tip to the inflorescence, deciduous; pedicels 1-1} lin. long,

pubescent ; calyx-tube 3-34 in. long, tubular, pubescent and

glandular outside; upper tooth 11-1} lin. long, 14 lin. broad,

orbicular-ovate, very shortly and obtusely pointed ; 4 lower teeth

subequal, 1 lin. long, bristle-like from a broader base ; corolla twice

as long as the calyx, glabrous, curved at the middle ; tube 7-74 lin.

long, slender in the lower half, dilated and compressed at the upper

part; upper lip 2 lin. long, unequally 3-loked, with the terminal

lobe 3 lin. long, $ lin. broad, ovate, obtuse; lateral lobes very

small, rounded ; lower lip 1-1} lin. long, deeply boat-shaped,

obtuse ; stamens slightly unequal, much exserted; upper pair

inserted at the middle of the corolla-tube, 6-64 lin. long, with free

flattened filaments, ciliate on one margin at the basal part ; lower

pair inserted shortly below the base of the lower lip, 3 lin. long,

slightly exceeding the upper pair, with their filaments united nearly

to the apex, glabrous,

Orthosiphon. | LABIAT (Brown). 253

KataHari Region : Transvaal; Mac Mac, Mudd !

This species only differs from O. albijlorus, N. E. Br., in its more conspicuously

bracteate inflorescence and larger flowers. It may possibly be a sexual state of

that species, but this can only be determined from observation of the living

plants.

18. 0. subvelutinus (Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 80) ; stems

several from a woody rootstock, 7-27 in. high, $-1} lin. thick,

minutely tomentose with branched hairs ; internodes 3-5 lin. long ;

leaves with very short densely leafy branchlets in their axils, sub-

sessile, ascending or spreading, 2-5 lin. long, }-2} lin. broad, rather

thick, linear or some of the primary ovate, acute, very revolute at

the margins, minutely tomentose with branched hairs on both sides ;

flower-whorls }—} in. apart, 2-6-flowered, in racemes 14-3} in. long ;

bracts 14-3 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad, ovate, acute, tomentose like

the leaves, persistent ; pedicels 3-1 lin. long ; calyx-tube 2}-2} (in

fruit 3) lin. long, campanulate, at first more or less tomentose out-

side with very minute branched hairs, mixed with long simple and

gland-tipped hairs, minutely puberulous within ; upper tooth

1-13 lin. long, 14-1} lin. broad, very broadly ovate, obtuse ; lateral

and lower teeth somewhat variable, bristle-like from a deltoid base

or narrowly deltoid-attenuate, the lower }-1} lin. long, all ciliate ;

corolla much exserted, more or less tomentose (or sometimes nearly

glabrous on the tube) outside with minute branched white hairs ;

tube 44-6 lin. long, rather variable in outline curvature, slightly

enlarged and compressed at the upper part and 1}—13 lin. broad

vertically ; upper lip or truncate mouth of the tube 13-2 lin. long,

its broadly rounded lateral lobes much shorter than the small

rounded or subquadrate obtusely bifid terminal lobe ; lower lip

1-12 lin. long, elliptic or suborbicular, obtuse or subacute, very

concave; stamens all exserted or the upper pair included and

inserted 14-2 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube, 3-5 lin. long,

with free flat filaments, ciliate along one margin on the basal part ;

lower pair 1-12 lin. long, free to the base or their filaments united

for 1} of their length, glabrous ; stigma very slightly thickened,

very shortly bifid; nutlets } in. long, ellipsoid-oblong, dark brown,

shining. 0. heterophyllus, Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 82.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal, Lydenburg district ; near Lydenburg, Ather-

stone! Burtt Davy, 1643! near Paarde Plaats, Wilms, 1152! near Spitz Kop,

Wilms, 1155! and 1148 ex Guerke, Mac Mac Falls, Burtt Davy, 2536 !

In the authentic specimen of 0. heterophyllus (Wilms 1155) at Kew the filaments

of the lower pair of stamens are free to the base, whilst in the corresponding

specimen at the British Museum they are united. This character taken alone

would, upon the acceptance of Briquet’s genus Hemizygia, place the different

specimens of this plant under two genera, for I can find no other distinction

between these two specimens, nor between them and O. subvelutinus (Wilms

1152), in which the filaments of the lower pair of stamens are also united in the

specimen at Kew. I believe the union or non-union of the filaments in this plant

to be either some sexual condition or to have some connection with different

modes of fertilisation. The flowers on different specimens and sometimes even

on the same specimen are distinctly variable, so that it may be of hybrid origin.

254 . LABIATA (Brown). [Orthosiphon.

19. 0. teucriifolius (N. E. Br.) ; perennial ; stems numerous from

a woody rootstock, “in dense tufts” (Wood), 6-10 in. high, rather

slender, terete, tomentose with minute branching hairs ; leaves very

shortly petiolate, }—-? in. long, 3-4 lin. broad, lanceolate, linear-

lanceolate, linear or more rarely ovate, acute or subobtuse at each

end, revolute along the margins, pubescent above, white-tomentose

with minute branching hairs beneath; racemes 1—4 in. long, with

3-6 distant 4-6-flowered whorls ; lower bracts 2—5 lin. long, like

the leaves, persistent, upper deciduous; pedicels 1—2 lin. long,

tomentose ; calyx-tube 15-1? (in fruit 24) lin. long, campanulate,

tomentose with minute branching (often mingled with long simple)

hairs outside, puberulous within ; upper tooth suborbicular, minutely

apiculate ; lateral and lower teeth subulate, the latter longer than

the rest; corolla twice as long as the calyx, tomentose on the

lower lip outside, otherwise glabrous, pink or purple ; tube 3-34 lin.

long, 1} lin. broad, curved below the middle, laterally flattened,

truncate at the mouth, with a recurved 4-lobed margin or upper

lip; lobes unequal } lin. long; iower lip 1-1} lin, long, boat-

shaped, straight ; stamens exserted, equal, about equalling the

lower lip of the corolla; upper pair inserted below the middle of

the tube, 2}-34 lin. long, with the filaments free, ciliate on one

margin; lower pair inserted at the base of the lip, with the

filaments united almost to the apex, 1-1} lin. long, glabrous;

stigma slightly thickened, shortly bifid ; nutlets rather more than

1 lin. long, oblong, slightly compressed, smooth, shining, brown.

Ocimum teucriifolium, Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 66 ; Krauss, Beitr. Fl.

Cap- und Natal. 130; Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 41. Hemizygia

teucriifolia, Brig. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3a, 369, and

in Ann. Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genev. ii. 247.

Var. B, galpiniana (N.E. Br.) ; calyx-tube 2-24 lin. long, with the pubescence

on it chiefly consisting of long simple hairs, the minute branched hairs mostly

confined to the base of the tube and nerves ; otherwise as in the type. Hemizygia

galpiniana, Brig. in Bull. Herb, Boiss, 2” sé+. iii. 993.

Coast Recion : King Williamstown Div. ; near Pirie, 4000 ft., Sim, 107!

Katanart Region: Transvaal ; without precise locality, Sanderson! Var. B:

Transvaal ; eastern slopes of Saddleback Mountain, 4500 ft., Galpin, 1217 !

Eastern Recion: Tembuland ; Bazeia, 2500 ft., Bawr, 558! Griqualand East ;

eastern slopes of the Zuurberg Range, 4500 ft., Z’'yson, 1561! Natal; at the foot

of Table Mountain, Arauss, 448! on a grassy hill at Illovo, Wood, 1877! near

Curry’s Post, near Howick, 3000-4000 ft., Wood, 3567! and without precise

locality, Sutherland! Zululand ; on a grassy hill at Entumeni, Wood, 3964 (Natal

Herb. 783)!

20. O. Pretorie# (Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 81); perennial,

producing from a woody rootstock numerous slender branching

stems 4-10 in. high, with internodes }-1 in. long, pubescent ;

leaves }—? in. long, 2-6 lin. broad, obovate, oblanceolate or elliptic,

obtuse or subacute, cuneately tapering into a very short petiole,

entire, often folded longitudinally, varying from nearly glabrous to

thinly puberulous on one or both sides, usually more or less ciliate ;

Orthosiphon. | LABIATA (Brown). 255

whorls 2-8 in a simple raceme, }-1 in. apart, 4—6-flowered ; bracts

persistent, }—} in. long, like reduced leaves, usually acute ; pedicels

1-2 (in fruit up to 3) lin. long, pubescent ; calyx-tube 24 (in fruit

up to 34) lin. long, tubular, much enlarged in fruit, pubescent with

spreading hairs; upper tooth about 1 lin. long and broad, sub-

orbicular, obtuse, lateral and lower teeth bristle-like, the lower

about 1-1} lin. long ; corolla twice as long as the calyx, puberulous,

pinkish-white (Wood) ; tube 5-6 lin, long, rather slender, straight,

slightly enlarged at the upper half; upper lip 2—2} lin. long, erect,

oblong, shortly 3-lobed at the apex, middle lobe twice as long as

the lateral, obovate or somewhat obcordate, slightly emarginate ;

lower lip 1-1 in. long, concave, obtuse ; upper stamens included,

inserted 2 up the tube, with free filaments 1-1} lin. long,

glabrous ; lower stamens inserted at the base of the lower lip and

nearly equalling it in length, 14-1? lin. long, with their filaments

united for ? of their length, glabrous ; nutlets } in. long, oblong,

glabrous, brown. S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1902, 385, and 1903, 405.

O. natalensis, Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 82.

‘Kaanari Reaion : Transvaal ; without precise locality, McLea in Herb. Bolus,

5776! Rietfontein, Conrath, 1060! near Pretoria, Wilms, 1151! near Johannes-

burg, Rand, 877 ! Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6063 ! Ommanney, 13 ! Miss Leendertz,

1721! Bronkhorst Spruit, Janse, 59!

Eastern Recton :; Natal ; onthe Drakensberg Range near Coldstream, Rehmann,

6918! near Newcastle, 4000 ft., Schlechter, 3420! on the Biggars Berg, near

Glencoe, 4000-5000 ft., Wood, 4756! Kuntze ex Guerke. Zululand; without

precise locality, Gerrard, 1219 !

21. 0. Wilmsii (Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 81); perennial,

4-1 ft. high ; stems several branching from a woody rootstock,

simple or with erect branches, square, puberulous with minute

recurved hairs along the angles only; leaves spreading; petiole

1-3 lin. long ; blade 1-1} in. long, 3-7 lin. broad, ovate or lanceo-

late, acute or obtuse, broadly or narrowly cuneate at the base,

subentire to acutely serrate, minutely puberulous on the veins

beneath, otherwise glabrous on both sides ; racemes simple, 14—5 in.

long ; whorls }-} in. apart, 6-flowered ; bracts reflexed, 3-14 lin.

long, ovate, acute or apiculate, subpetiolate or sessile, glabrous,

ciliate, often bordered with purple ; pedicels 1—2 lin. long, pubes-

cent ; calyx pubescent or subtomentose outside, glabrous within, pur-

plish-brown ; tube 1—} (in fruit }-}) in. long, tubular-campanulate,

with distinct nerves, especially in fruit ; upper tooth }—j lin. long,

orbicular-ovate, obtuse ; lateral and lower teeth bristle-like, the

lower 2-1 (in fruit up to 1}) lin. long; corolla-tube 2-3 lin. long,

slightly exceeding the lower calyx-teeth, straight, puberulous out-

side ; upper lip 14-2 lin. long, with 4 small rounded lobes ; lower

lip 13-2 lin. long, boat-shaped, obtuse ; stamens all free, curved,

glabrous ; upper pair 1 lin. long, inserted in the throat of the tube

and just exserted from it or included; lower pair 1} lin. long,

inserted at the base of the lower lip and shorter than it; style

very winutely bifid or emarginate at the clavate apex ; nutlets

256 LABIAT& (Brown). | Orthosiphon.

} lin. long, ellipsoid, obtuse, very minutely and faintly tuberculate,

brown. Orthosiphon glabratus,. Benth., var. africanus, Benth. in DC.

Prodr. xii. 51. O. neglectus, Brig. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2” sér.

iii. 988. Plectranthus Bolusii, T. Cooke in Kew Bulletin, 1909, 377,

as to Bolus 11011 only.

Var. B, komghensis (N. E. Br.); lateral and lower calyx-teeth deltoid-

attenuate, not bristle-like, otherwise in appearance, structure and dimensions like

the type.

Coast Recion: Var. 8: Komgha Div. ; among stones near the Kei River,

Flanagan, 477!

Katauarit Reoion: Transvaal; Crocodile River, Burke, 162! Zeyher, 1357!

Magalies Berg, Burke! Matebe Valley, Holub, 1952! 1953! Linokana, Holub!

near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1114, 1115! Krugers Post, Burtt Davy, 7276! Springbok

Flats, Burtt Davy, 1744! Wonderboom Poort, Rehmann, 4510! Koude River,

Schlechter, 3728! Potgieters Rust, Miss Leendertz, 1439! Bolus, 11011!

Eastern REcion: Natal ; Sydenham, near Durban, 500 ft., Wood, 8538! near

Pietermaritzburg, Wilms, 2189 !

The variety komghensis may prove to be distinct, as the locality is so widely

different from that of the type, but the single dried specimen I have seen is

so similar in all characters except the calyx-teeth, that I am inclined to think

that the plant may have been an accidental introduction from the Transvaal, and

the moister maritime climate may have influenced the development of the calyx-

teeth. O. Wilmsii is quite distinct from the Indian 0. glabratus, Benth., of

which Bentham considered it to be a variety.

22. 0. inconcinnus (Briq. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™ sér. iii, 991) ;

branches with internodes }~1} in. long, minutely puberulous or

glabrous ; leaves spreading ; petiole up to 5 lin. long; blade up to

1} in. long and 2 in. broad, ovate, obtuse to acute, roundedly

tapering at the base, crenately toothed, nearly or quite glabrous

above, pubescent on the veins beneath; inflorescence up to 4 in.

long; whorls at length distant, 6-flowered ; bracts very minute,

ovate, apiculate, deciduous, purplish; pedicels 14-2 lin. long,

shortly pubescent; calyx-tube nearly 1} lin. long, campanulate-

tubular, minutely and thinly pilose or nearly glabrous, without

evident nerves, purplish-violet; upper lobe or tooth rounded,

3—{ lin. long; lateral and lower teeth 1—} lin. long, lanceolate-

subulate ; corolla exserted about 24 lin. beyond the mouth of the

calyx ; tube cylindric ; lips about 1} lin. long ; stamens reaching

to the mouth of the corolla, but shorter than the lips.

Eastern REGION: Natal ; hills near Camperdown, Wood, 4963.

I doubt if this is distinct from 0. Wilmsii, Guerke. I have not seen it, and

Mr. Wood informs me that no specimen of 4963 has been retained in the Natal

_ Herbarium.

23. 0. varians (N. E. Br.); stems probably several from the

same rootstock, about 1 ft. high or less and } lin. thick, 4-angled,

pilose-pubescent between the angles, with 3-4 pairs of short flower-

less ascending branchlets shorter than to twice as long as the

leaves from whose axils they arise ; leaves spreading ; petiole 4—} in.

long, slender ; blade $—1 in. long, }-} in. broad, lanceolate or ovate-

lanceolate, acute, cuneately acute at the base, rather finely serrate,

Orthosiphon. | LABIATA (Brown). 257

thinly pilose-pubescent above and more thickly so beneath, green on

both sides, but apparently darker above; veins impressed above,

prominent beneath ; whorls 5-8, about $—3 in. apart, 4-6-flowered,

in simple racemes; bracts not seen, very deciduous; pedicels

1-1} lin. long, puberulous; calyx-tube 14 (in fruit 2) lin. long,

campanulate, puberulous outside, glabrous within ; upper tooth 3 lin.

long and broad, suborbicular, decurrent on the tube ; lateral and

lower teeth bristle-like, with the lower pair 2 lin. long, lateral

shorter ; corolla very variable; tube 23-43 lin. long, slender,

enlarging to 1-1} lin. in vertical diameter at the compressed trun-

cate or oblique mouth, which forms the upper lip and has a small

apical lobe } lin. long, } lin. broad and transverse in the short-

tubed and $ lin. long and broad and subquadrate in the long-tubed

corollas ; lower lip 14-14 lin. long, elliptic-ovate, rather abruptly

acute ; stamens all exserted far beyond the lower lip; filaments of

the lower pair united for the greater part of their length, exceeding

the upper pair, 24 lin. long in the short-tubed and 4 lin. long in

the long-tubed flowers; nutlets } lin. long, compressed, elliptic in

outline, dorsally keeled, smooth, pale brown.

Kavanarti Reaion: Transvaal ; Komati Poort, Schlechter, 11746 !

The range in the variation of the length of the corolla-tube of this plant, even

on the same raceme, is remarkable; many species vary in this character, but I

have seen no other in which it is so great.

24. 0. affinis (N. E. Br.) ; stems much branched at the upper

part, lower not seen, obtusely 4-angled, rather thinly pubescent

with small upceurved hairs; leaves {-1} in. long, }-} in. broad,

rather narrowly lanceolate, acute, cuneately tapering below into

the 1-2 lin.-long petiole, finely toothed along the margins, green

and minutely pubescent on both sides, not ciliate ; veins impressed

on the upper surface; racemes all attaining about the same level,

2-34 in. long; whorls 4-9, about $—3? in. apart, 4—6-flowered ;

bracts very deciduous, about } in. long, ovate, shortly acuminate,

concave, with a few minute hairs on the back, white-ciliate ;

pedicels 1-1} lin. long, puberulous; calyx-tube 1} lin. long, pube-

rulous outside ; upper tooth 1 lin. long and rather more in breadth,

suborbicular, shortly decurrent on the tube, dark’ purple ; lateral

and lower teeth subequal, 3—? lin. long, bristle-like ; corolla-tube

about 34 lin. long, gradually enlarging to the } in.-high obliquely

truncate mouth which forms the upper 3-lobed lip, thinly puberu-

lous outside; middle lobe of upper lip } lin. long, ? lin. broad,

transversely oblong, subtruncate ; lateral lobes very small ; lower

lip 14-1} lin. long, elliptic-ovate, obtuse, concave ; stamens exserted

far beyond the lower lip; upper pair inserted at about } of the

way up the corolla-tube ; lower pair } in. long, united nearly or

quite to their apex.

Katanart Rearon: Transvaal; Woodbush Mountains, 5500 ft., Schlechter,

4737! near Potgieters, 3700 ft., Bolus, 11146!

VOL. V.—SECT. I. s

258 LABIATA (Brown). [ Orthosiphon.

The specimens seen appear to be portions broken off the upper part of the plant

and are 8-9 in. in length, with 2-4 pairs of flowering branches, which are simple

or again branched. Allied to O. Holubii, but readily distinguished by the much

more minute pubescence and absence of ciliation on the leaves.

25. 0. Holubii (N. E. Br.) ; stems (only terminal pieces 7 in. long

seen) 4-angled, with internodes 1-1} in. long, sprinkled with short

spreading hairs; leaves (upper only seen) spreading, subsessile, 1-1} in.

long, 2—4 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute or acuminate, tapering to an

acute base, but with scarcely any petiole, bearing tufts of small

leaves in their axils, glabrous above, with spreading pubescence on

the nerves beneath, ciliate ; inflorescence 4—5 in. long, terminal,

with about 1 pair of branches at the base; whorls }—1 in. apart,

2-6-flowered ; bracts small, caducous, about 1 lin. long, }—3 lin.

broad, ovate, acute ; pedicels 1-1} lin. long, pubescent ; calyx-tube

1} lin. long, larger in fruit, campanulate, 5-toothed, pubescent with

simple and gland-tipped hairs outside, puberulous with gland-tipped

hairs within ; upper tooth 1 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, broadly orbi-

cular-ovate, obtuse ; lateral and lower teeth unequal, bristle-like,

pubescent with simple and gland-tipped hairs, the lower pair about

1 lin. long; corolla pubescent outside and on the lower part within ;

tube 4—5 lin. long, dilated and compressed in the upper part ; upper»

lip 24 lin. long, 3-lobed at the apex; middle lobe ? lin. long and

broad, suborbicular, emarginate at the apex, reflexed at the sides ;

lateral lobes very small, rounded; lower lip about 2 lin. long,

broadly elliptic, obtuse, concave; stamens much exserted, sub-

equal ; upper pair inserted } of the way up the tube, 6—7 lin. long,

their filaments free, flat, retrorsely ciliate along the lower part of

one margin; lower pair inserted at the base of the lower lip,

4} lin. long, their filaments united to the apex, glabrous ; stigma

abruptly thickened, oblong, obtuse, slightly emarginate.

Katauart Recion: Eastern Bechuanaland ; Molopo River, Holub !

26. 0. Bolusii (N. E. Br.) ; stems probably several from a perennial

rootstock, 10-13 in. high, obtusely 4-angled, more or less pilose,

with a pair of short leafy barren branchlets at 2—4 of the nodes ;

leaves of main stems in 4-5 pairs, 1-2} in. apart, spreading ;

petiole 1-2 lin. long, sometimes almost wanting in the uppermost

pair ; blade }-1 in. long, }—} in. broad, elliptic or elliptic-ovate,

obtuse to broadly rounded at the apex, rounded or broadly cuneate

at the base, with 3-7 small teeth on each side, mostly towards

the apex, green and pubescent (but not densely) on both sides ;

whorls 4-6 in a simple raceme, }—-1} in. apart, 4—10-flowered ;

bracts very deciduous, not seen; pedicels 14-2 lin. long, pilose ;

calyx-tube 24-3} lin. long, campanulate, pilose-pubescent outside,

glabrous within ; corolla-tube about } in. long, its oblique mouth

forming the 3-lobed upper lip, glabrous ; upper lobe 1} lin. long,

1} lin. broad, broadly ovate, obtuse ; lateral lobes smaller ; lower

lip } in. long, concave-elliptic, obtuse ; stamens all exserted much

Orthosiphon. | LABIAT (Brown). 259

beyond the lower lip ; upper pair inserted at about } of the way up

the corolla-tube, with free filaments, flat and minutely ciliate on

the basal part ; lower pair exceeding the upper, about } in. long

when fully grown, inserted at the base of the lower lip of the

corolla, with their filaments variably free to the base or united

quite to the apex.

Eastern Recion: Natal; Giants Castle, Drakensberg Range, 9000 ft., Bolus in

Herb. Guthrie, 4894!

This species is interesting as affording a good instance that the union or freedom

*»

of the filaments of the lower pair of stamens is quite untenable as a generic.

character, both Orthosiphen and Hemizygia being represented on the same plant.

The specimen is now in the Herbarium of Dr. Bolus.

27. 0. humilis (N. E. Br.) ; stems arising from a woody root-

stock, erect, 7-10 in. high, thinly villous below, more densely so

above, with 1-2 pairs of short flowerless ascending branches below

and a paniculate inflorescence of 2-3 pairs of lateral racemes and

a terminal one; leaves in 4 pairs, }~} in. or rather more in

length, }-1 in. broad, lanceolate to elliptic, acute or obtuse,

cuneately narrowed to a subsessile base in the leaves on the main

stem and into a distinct petiole }—-2 lin. long on the lateral

branches, entire, green and with very thinly scattered pubescence

of minute adpressed hairs on both sides, with longer and more

conspicuous hairs on the veins beneath, shortly ciliate; glands

inconspicuous ; bracts 14—3 lin. long, 1-1? lin. broad, elliptic-ovate,

acute or acuminate, with a few minute scattered adpressed hairs

on the back, violet or dark bluish-purple, very deciduous or perhaps

the uppermost persistent, but not very conspicuous ; pedicels

1-1} lin. long, densely villous; calyx-tube } in. long, tubular-

campanulate, villous outside, microscopically puberulous within ;

upper tooth 2 lin. long and broad, suborbicular, not decurrent on

the tube, violet ; lateral and lower teeth subequal, 1{-1} lin. jong,

bristle-like from a deltoid base, ciliate ; corolla partly destroyed in

the only two flowers seen; tube not or scarcely exceeding the

calyx-teeth, 44-5 lin. long, dilated to about 2 lin. in vertical diam.

at the subtruncate mouth, which forms the upper lip with a small

transverse erect or reflexed lobe ‘at the apex having a small

rounded tooth on each side of it, puberulous outside on the upper

part ; lower lip about 24 lin. long, concave, apparently directed

forwards, puberulous on the back ; stamens broken off in the flowers

seen ; upper pair inserted at the middle of the corolla-tube, with

free filaments ciliate at the lower part; lower pair evidently longer

than the lower lip, with united filaments.

Katanari Region: Transvaal ; Waterval Onder, Rogers, 4375 !

28. 0. canescens (Guerke in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 557); stem

1 ft. or more high, shortly branched, whitish-pubescent to sub-

tomentose ; leaves of main stems, including the 1-2 lin.-long

petiole 3-1} in. long, 24~7 lin. broad, spreading or a lanceo-

260 LABIA'TA (Brown). | Orthosiphon.

late, acute, serrulate, cuneate into the petiole at the base, whitish-

pubescent to subtomentose, especially beneath ; panicle 6-8 in.

long, with 2-3 pairs of branches, pubescent ; whorls several, about

‘ Shh 6-flowered, 4-6 lin. apart; bracts 1-1 lin. long, ovate, acute,

--__ eaducous ; pedicels 3-11 lin. long; calyx-tube 17 lin. long, cam-

panulate, enlarged in fruit ; upper tooth about 1 lin. long and

the latter } lin. long; corolla more than twice as long as the calyx,

_ $lightly pubescent ; tube 3-64 lin. long, straight, compressed and

“dilated in the upper part ; upper lip (truncate mouth of the tube)

erect, 1-1} lin. long, shortly 3-lobed ; side-lobes minute, rounded,

recurved; terminal lobe broadly rounded, very obtuse ; lower

lip 2-1} lin. long, saccate, obtuse ; upper stamens inserted about

11 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube, much exserted ; about

5 lin. long, flattened, ciliate along one margin on the basal half ;

lower stamens inserted at the base of the lower. lip, equalling or

exceeding the upper stamens, 24-3 lin. long, with their filaments

united nearly to the apex, glabrous.

- Katanart Rearon : Transvaal; Wonderboom Poort, near Pretoria, Rehinann,

4507! Miss Leendertz, 553! Heidelberg, Miss Leendertz, 1027! near Botsabelo,

Schlechter, 4070! Aapies Poort, Rehmann, 4114, and Elands River, Rehmann, 4891,

ex Guerke ; Rustenburg, Collins, 30!

29. O. serratus (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 431, serratum) }

stem herbaceous, thickly covered with spreading white hairs ; leaves

in whorls of 3, recurved, 3-1} in. long, 5-7 lin. broad, oblanceolate

or obovate, acute, tapering into a short petiole at the base, serrate,

somewhat folded longitudinally, pubescent on both sides, pilose on

the midrib and petiole ; whorls several in a simple raceme, 3-1] in.

apart, about 9-flowered ; bracts 3-4 lin. long, 14-2 lin. broad,

ovate, cuspidate-acuminate, nearly glabrous, purplish (1), persistent ;

pedicels 14-2 lin. long, pubescent ; calyx-tube 2-3 lin. long, tubu-

lar-campanulate, pubescent outside, reddish or purplish, much

enlarged when in fruit; upper tooth 2 lin. long, 1} lin. broad,

elliptic, obtuse, apiculate, recurved at the sides ; 4 lower teeth 3-1

lin. long, bristle-like from a broad base ; corolla purple, pubescent

outside ; tube } in. long, much exserted, subcylindric ; upper lip

erect, 24-3 lin. long, 1}-1 lin. broad, oblong, shortly and unequally

4-lobed ; lateral lobes somewhat triangular, obtuse ; terminal lobes

suborbicular ; lower lip about 2 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, oblong or

elliptic-oblong, obtuse, deeply concave, deflexed ; stamens much

exserted, subequal ; filaments all free to the base, flattened ; upper

pair } in. long, inserted towards the base of the corolla-tube, rather

densely villous-pubescent on the lower half ; lower pair 24 lin. long,

inserted at the base of the lower lip, glabrous ; stigma bifid, lobes

1 lin. long, slender ; nutlets about 1} lin. long, oblong, glabrous.

Katanart Recron: Transvaal; in stony places on the lower hill-slopes near

Barberton, 2800 ft., Galpin, 499! near Mafutane, 1500 ft., Bolus, 12249! Eland-

spruit Mountains, Schlechter, 3866! Potgieters Rust, Miss Leendertz, 1494!

Orthosiphon. | LABIAT (Brown). 261

Imperfectly known species.

30. 0. ambiguus (Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 394) ; stems

ascending, scarcely 1 ft. high, slender, simple or three-branched at

the base, pubescent ; leaves with petioles about 1 in. long; blades

1-1} in. long, % in. broad, ovate, subobtuse, coarsely toothed, base

cuneate, thinly pubescent above, with jointed hairs on the petiole

and veins beneath ; whorls 4—6-flowered, crowded in racemes scarcely

1 in. long ; lower bracts leaf-like, subsessile, upper minute, entire ;

pedicels 2 lin. long; calyx 24 lin. long; tube short, pubescent,

glabrous within; teeth coloured, upper one scarcely decurrent,

ovate, obtusely pointed; lower. 4 subequal, lanceolate-subulate ;

corolla pale blue ; tube } in. long, slender, slightly incurved, thinly

pubescent ; upper lip obreniform, with a triangular lobe on each side

at the base; lower lip boat-shaped; stamens exserted ; stigma

bifid, with subequal subulate lobes.

Coast Recion: Albany Div.; in woods on a mountain near Grahamstown,

2000 ft., MacOwan, 987.

IV. SYNCOLOSTEMON, E. Meyer.

Calyz subequally 5-toothed, with the dorsal tooth scarcely

broader than the others, not decurrent on the tube. Corolla exserted

from the calyx, 2-lipped; upper lip unequally 3-lobed ; lower lip

concave or boat-shaped, entire, often reflexed. Stamens 4, all

perfect ; upper pair with free filaments, neither bent nor toothed

near the base ; lower pair with the filaments united. Disk unequally

lobed. Ovary 4-lobed; style filiform; stigma minutely _ bifid.

Nutlets erect, oblong, obtuse, glabrous.

Herbs or in one species shrubby; leaves opposite, simple, gland-dotted ;

inflorescence terminal, paniculate, lax or crowded into a dense mass ; flowers in

pairs or 6-flowered whorls.

Disrrip. Species 7, all endemic.

oo genus only differs from Orthosiphon in its subequally toothed calyx.

«&. Br,

Corolla-tube 3-5 lin. long; lower or united pair of

stamens 2-6 lin. long ; whorls 2-flowered, distant :

Leaves 4-12 in. long, narrowly lanceolate, 4-8 times

as long as broad :

Leaves with thin minute adpressed pubescence ... (1) lanceolatus.

Leaves silvery-white with dense silky adpressed

pubescence oe ies =e ay it

Leaves }-§ in. long, lanceolate to elliptic, varying

from as long as broad to 3 times as long as broad :

Pubescence on leaves of simple hairs... wis ... (3) parviflorus.

Pubescence on leaves of very minute stellate hairs... (4) concinnus.

Corolla-tube 7-10 lin. long; lower or united pair of

stamens 4-9 lin. long ; whorls 2-6-flowered, crowded :

Calyx-tube 24-34 lin. long; lower lip of corolla 13-34

lin. long : :

’ Panicle narrow, its short branches 4-1 in. apart;

corolla-tube 7-74 lin. long ... Fe ee aan CRY Pamelor,

(2) argenteus,

262 LABIATA (Brown). [ Syncolostemon.

Panicle with its short branches and flowers all crowded

into a thick dense spike-like mass ; corolla-tube

S-10 lin, Jone... ee gs Se ... (7) densiflorus.

Calyx-tube 4 lin. long; lower lip of corolla 4 5$ lin.

LONG. .; a a ed pas Has ... (6) rotundifolius.

1. S. lanceolatus (Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 77); stems 2-3

ft. high, erect, square, minutely and somewhat harshly puberulous ;

leaves with very short leafy shoots in their axils; petiole }—5 lin.

long ; blade }-1# in. long, 3-3 (rarely 4-5) lin. broad, narrowly or

linear-lanceolate, or the broader oblanceolate, obtuse or subacute,

cuneately tapering at the base, rather thick, minutely adpressed-

puberulous on both sides ; inflorescence 9-12 in. long, 4—8 in. broad,

paniculate or corymbosely paniculate, with several pairs of simple

or branched branches; whorls 3-9 lin. apart, never more than

2-flowered ; bracts caducous, 13-2 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, ovate

or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, puberulous ; pedicels {-1} lin. long,

puberulous ; calyx-tube 2 lin. long, campanulate, becoming ovoid

and somewhat constricted at the mouth in fruit, minutely pubes-

cent outside, glabrous within and without woolly hairs on the teeth ;

teeth all alike, 3-1} lin. long, narrowly deltoid and acuminate or

subulate from a deltoid base ; corolla white ; tube exserted, straight,

3-31 lin. long, dilated above, glabrous outside, with a transverse

pubescent band within, just above the insertion of the upper stamens ;

upper lip 24-3 lin. long, unequally 3-lobed, pubescent on the back,

ciliate ; middle lobe suborbicular, subquadrate or transverse, notched

or obtuse ; lateral lobes broadly rounded ; lower lip 14-2 lin. long,

very deeply concave, very obtuse, puberulous outside, ciliate ;

stamens exserted much beyond the lower lip, slightly unequal ;

upper pair inserted just above the middle of the corolla-tube, with

free flattened filaments, slightly ciliate at the base ; lower pair

inserted at the base of the lower lip, 3-5 lin. long, with the filaments

united nearly or quite to the apex, glabrous ; nutlets 14-1} lin. long,

oblong, obtuse, with a deep rim or puckered frill or crest at the

basal end, light brown or grey green, often with a slender line down

the back and one on each side, shining.

Var. 8, grandiflorus (N. E. Br.); calyx-tube 3-34 lin. long, tubular-

campanulate ; teeth 14-13 lin. long, subulate or narrowly deltoid-subulate, some-

what white-woolly at their margins ; corolla white ; tube 44-5 lin. long, glabrous

outside ; upper lip 34 lin. long; stamens scarcely or not at all exceeding the lower

lip of the corolla, with the lower pair 2 lin. long; otherwise as in the type.

Var. y, Cooperi (N. E. Br.); calyx with white woolly hairs at its mouth and on

the margins and inner side of the teeth; otherwise asin the type. S. Cooperi,

Briq. in Herb, Boiss. 2e sér. iii. 979.

Kauanarti Recion: Var. y: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 2895 !

Eastern Recion : Griqualand East ; near Clydesdale, Schlechter, 6616 ! Mount

Malowe, 4000 ft., Z'yson, 2770! and.in MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm, Austr.-

Afr. 1294! Var. B: Natal ; grassy hill near Enon, Wood, 1882! Var. y: Natal ;

between Fark Kop and Camperdown, Rehmann, 7686! grassy hill near Umkomaas,

Wood, 1994! and without precise locality, Sanderson! Cooper, 1151!

Syncolostemon. | LABIATA (Brown). 263

I can find no specific difference between the three above forms, which may

possibly be only sexual conditions. Guerke did not even distinguish var. Coopert

from the type.

2. 8. argenteus (N. E. Br.) ; in height, habit, inflorescence, size

and shape of flowers exactly as in S. lJanceolatus, differing as

follows :—stem much concealed by the numerous short axillary

densely leafy shoots ; leaves $—} lin. long, 1-5 lin. broad, linear-

lanceolate to broadly elliptic, acute to very obtuse, silvery-white on -

both sides from dense adpressed pubescence of silky hairs ; branches

of the panicle rather densely white-pubescent, with tufts of longer

hairs at the nodes ; pedicels }—3} lin. long ; calyx-tube 14-2 lin. long,

rather densely pubescent ; teeth } lin. long, narrowly deltoid, densely

white-woolly on the margins and inner surface ; corolla white.

Eastern Recton : Zululand ; near Inyezaan, Wood, 3875 (Natal Herb. 726) !

This may be only a variety of S. lanceolatus, Guerke, as there seems to be no

evident distinction in its flowers, but the more densely leafy stem and silvery

leaves give it such a different appearance that I hesitate to unite them.

3. S. parviflorus (E. Meyer, Comm, 231) ; stems several from a

woody rootstock, about 15 in. high, obtusely 4-angled, softly pubes-

cent with slightly spreading hairs ; leaves of the main stems with

very short leafy shoots in their axils; petiole 4-1 lin. long ; blades

3-6 lin. long, 13-3 lin. broad, those on the axillary shoots smaller,

lanceolate-oblong or somewhat obovate-oblong or the lower elliptic,

obtuse, somewhat cuneate at the base, slightly toothed in the upper

half or entire, softly pubescent and densely gland-dotted on both

sides ; inflorescence terminal, 1-3 in. long, simple or slightly

branched ; whorls 4—6 lin. apart, 2-flowered ; bracts very caducous,

14 lin. long, ovate, acute, concave, pubescent ; pedicels }—} lin.

long, pubescent ; calyx pubescent and densely gland-dotted outside,

glabrous inside the tube, ciliate and pubescent on the inside of the

teeth ; tube 2 lin. long, campanulate ; teeth subequal, erect, almost

1 lin. long, subulate from a broad base or the upper tooth shorter

than the rest and oblong, obtuse ; corolla exserted, about twice as

long as the calyx ; tube straight, 3}-3} lin. long, gradually enlarg-

ing upwards, compressed, pubescent outside on the upper 3, and

inside at about the middle ; upper lip 24 lin. long, erect, 3-lobed,

pubescent and gland-dotted on the back of the lobes ; terminal lobe

1 lin. long and almost as broad, oblong, notched at the obtuse apex,

ciliate with rather long hairs ; lateral lobes } lin. long, very broadly

rounded, ciliate; lower lip about 13 lin. long, deeply concave,

obtuse, slightly pubescent and gland-dotted outside ; stamens much

exserted, subequal ; upper pair inserted about 2 lin. above the base

of the corolla, 4 lin. long, their filaments free, flattened, with a few

minute hairs on the face of the basal part; lower pair inserted

at the base of the lower lip, 3 lin. long, their filaments united to

the apex, glabrous. Dietr. Syn, Pl. iii, 385; Benth. in DC. Prodr,

xii. 54,

264 LABIAT& (Brown). | Syncolostemon.

Var. 8, dissitiflorus (N. E. Br.); stems 16-30 in. high ; leaves entire, elliptic-

lanceolate or sometimes suborbicular, more numerous or more crowded on the

short axillary shoots than in the type; panicle lax, 4~7 in. long, 2-33 in. broad ;

calyx-teeth usually somewhat spreading or recurved ; terminal lobe of the upper

lip of the corolla 1-14 lin. long, about 1 lin. broad, obcordate-oblong or sub-

quadrate, notched at the apex, less glandular on the back than in the type ; nutlets

14 lin. long, oblong, obtuse, with a thickened puckered rim at the base, white on

the basal }, light brown above, shining. S. dissitiflorus, Benth. in DC. Prodr.

xii. 54,

Eastern Recton: Pondoland ; between St. Johns River and Umsikaba River,

Drége, 4749! Var. 8B: Natal ; near Durban, Drége! plain between Umlaas River

and Durban Bay, Krauss, 145! coast land, Sutherland! Inanda, 1800 ft.,

Wood, 52!

4. §. concinnus (N. E. Br.); stem rather thickly beset with

numerous slender suberect leafy branches, with indumentum of

scattered very minute branched tuft-like hairs, brownish ; leaves

2-2 in. long, obovate-oblong or elliptic, rounded at the apex, shortly

cuneate into a slender petiole 4—1 lin. long, entire or some of those

on the main stem with a few small teeth towards the apex, with

very minute stellately branched hairs on both sides and densely

glandular, of a brownish-olive when dried ; racemes in a corymb-

like panicle 4—5 in. long and broad, with 2-flowered whorls 4—5 lin.

apart ; bracts (except the lowest leaf-like pair) caducous, about 1 lin.

long, ovate, acute, apiculate, concave ; calyx-tube 2 lin. long, cam-

panulate, shortly pubescent on the nerves outside, glabrous within,

ciliate at the mouth ; teeth subulate from a broad base, 4 equal and

? lin. long, the dorsal one rather more deeply separated from them

and 1 lin. long; corolla-tube 4-4} lin. long, glabrous, obliquely

truncate at the mouth, forming the shortly 3-lobed upper lip with

the middle lobe 1-14 lin. long, oblong, slightly notched at the

truncate apex ; lateral lobes smaller, rounded; lower lip 1} lin.

long, 3 lin. broad, transverse, truncate, ciliate along the front

margin; stamens far exserted, unequal, with the lower (united)

pair 4 in. long, much exceeding the upper pair.

get Recion: Transvaal; Elandspruit Mountains, 6000 ft., Schlechter,

5. 8. ramulosus (E. Meyer, Comm, 231); plant 2 ft. or more

high ; stems obtusely 4-angled and grooved, minutely and somewhat

velvety pubescent, bearing numerous short leafy shoots on the lower

part; leaves (including the very short petioles) 2-4 lin. long,

14~2 lin. broad, elliptic, obtuse, cuneately narrowed into the petiole,

glabrous above, thinly and very minutely pubescent beneath, densely

_gland-dotted ; panicle narrow, 6-8 in. long, 14-2 in. broad, with

ascending branches }-1} in. apart; whorls 6-flowered ; bracts

caducous, about 34 lin. long, 2-24 lin. broad, broadly ovate,

cuspidate-acuminate, concave, thinly and minutely puberulous ;

pedicels }-} lin. long, pubescent; calyx-tube 23-3 lin, long,

cylindric, scaberulous-pubescent outside, glabrous within ; upper

tooth 1-1} lin. long, deltoid, acute ; lateral and lower teeth equal,

Syneolostemon. | LABIATA (Brown). 265

1} lin. long, subulate, acute ; corolla much exserted, glabrous out-

side, minutely papillate at the base inside; tube curved at the

base, 7-74 lin. long, gradually enlarging upwards ; upper lip erect,

2-24 lin. long, 3-lobed ; middle lobe ? lin. long and about as broad,

oblong or obovate, obtuse or emarginate ; lateral lobes smaller,

rounded ; lower lip 14-13 lin. long, concave, obtuse, reflexed ;

stamens much exserted, but spirally coiled, slightly unequal ; upper

pair inserted about 2 lin. above the base of the corolla, 10 lin. long,

their filaments free, flat, ciliate on one margin at the base; lower

pair inserted at the base of the lower lip, 44 lin. long, their fila-

ments united to the apex, glabrous ; stigma unequally bifid. Dietr.

Syn. Pl. iii. 385; Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 54. 8S. ramulosum,

Hochstetter in Flora, 1845, 68; Krauss, Beitr. Fl. Cap- und Natal.

132.

Eastern Recion : Tembuland ; near Morley, Drége, 4744b!

6. 8. rotundifolius (E. Meyer, Comm. 231); apparently shrubby,

branching ; branches obtusely 4-angled, minutely velvety-pubescent ;

leaves with very short leafy shoots in their axils ; petiole 1—3 lin.

long; blade 3-9 lin. long, 24-9 lin. broad, elliptic or orbicular,

obtuse at both ends or broadly cuneate at the base, with 2—4 small

teeth on each side, minutely pubescent or nearly glabrous on both

sides, densely gland-dotted ; panicles compact, spike-like, 1-6 in.

long ; whorls rather crowded, 2-flowered ; bracts caducous,

24-3 lin. long, elliptic, acute, deeply concave, puberulous ; pedicels

1 lin. long, minutely pubescent; calyx-tube 4-4} lin. long, sub-

cylindric, becoming somewhat ovoid in fruit, red, puberulous or

pubescent outside and within ; teeth 3-1} lin. long, all subequal in

length and deltoid, or the two lower rather longer and more subu-

late, always narrower than the rest ; corolla much exserted, straight,

glabrous, pink; tube 8 lin. long, gradually enlarging upwards ;

upper lip 5-5} lin. long, very obliquely directed forwards, 3-lobed

at the apex ; terminal lobe 1} lin. long, j lin. broad, elliptic or

elliptic-oblong, very obtuse ; lateral lobes small, rounded ; lower lip

4-5} lin. long, boat-shaped, obtuse ; stamens much exserted ; upper

pair inserted about 5 lin. above the base of the tube, about 1 in.

long, their filaments free, flattened, ciliate on both margins in the

basal part ; lower pair inserted at the base of the lower lip, 7 —9 lin.

long, their filaments united to the apex, glabrous ; stigma not

enlarged, very minutely bifid. Dietr. Syn. Pl. iii. 385 ; Benth. in

DC. Prodr. xii. 53.

Eastern Recion: Pondoland; between the great waterfall and Umsikaba

River, Drége, 4743! between Umtentu River and Umzimkulu River, Drége!

Natal ; near Murchison, Wood, 3116!

In technical characters this species is very like S. densiflorus, but the leaves are

much less crowded, larger, more orbicular and more obtuse, the inflorescence is

less dense and the flowers larger, seen side by side they are easily distinguished.

7. §. densiflorus (E. Meyer, Comm. 231) ; apparently a branching

shrub ; stems or branches rather stout, 1}-3 lin. thick, obtusely

266 - LABIATA (Brown). | Syneolostemon.

4-angled, grooved down the sides, very shortly tomentose ; leaves

small, petiolate, lanceolate, ovate, elliptic or orbicular, acute or

obtuse and apiculate, entire or slightly toothed, densely gland-

dotted, thinly and minutely pubescent or glabrous on both sides ;

petiole }—3 lin. long ; blade 2-6 lin. long, 14-5 lin. broad ; panicle

a dense oblong spike-like mass 1}-5 in. long, 14-24 in. in diam., with

short erect branches ; bracts caducous, about 3 lin. long, 2-22 lin.

broad, orbicular, abruptly cuspidate, thinly and minutely pubescent

or glabrous, with a few glands on the back, often woolly-ciliate Hl

pedicels }—} lin. long, pubescent ; calyx unequally 5-toothed ; tube

34 lin. long, tubular, thinly pubescent outside, glabrous within ;

upper tooth 1-1} lin. long, }—-2 lin. broad at the base, whence it

gradually tapers to an acute point, not decurrent on the tube;

lateral teeth 14-2} lin. long, connate in pairs for about } of their

length, with the connate part deltoid and the free tips bristle-like or

subulate, thinly ciliate or glabrous ; corolla very much exserted,

glabrous, pink, crimson or white; tube 8-10 lin. long, gradually

enlarging upwards, straight, compressed; slightly arched behind

the apex; upper lip 24-3 lin. long, unequally 3-lobed ; terminal

lobe about # lin. long, 2 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse ; lateral lobes

much smaller, rounded ; lower lip reflexed, 13-3} lin. long, boat-

Shaped, obtuse, slightly and minutely ciliate; stamens much

exserted, slightly unequal, at length (at least in some specimens)

recurved or spirally coiled under the lower side of the corolla ;

upper pair inserted about 34 lin. above the base of the corolla,

8-10 lin. long, their filaments free, glabrous ; lower pair inserted

at the base of the lip, 4-5 lin. long, their filaments united to the

apex, glabrous; stigma minutely bifid; nutlets 13-1} lin. long,

oblong, obtuse, compressed, light brown, shining. Dietr. Syn. Pl.

iii, 385 ; Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 54. 8; densiflorum, Hochstetter

in Flora, 1845, 67 ; Krauss, Beitr. Fl. Cap- und Natal, 131.

Coast Recion: King Williamstown Div.; Buffalo Mountain, near King

Williamstown, Tyson, 606! East London Div. ; Panmure, Mrs. Hutton ! Kaffraria,

Mrs. Barber! Dugmore!

Eastern Recion: Transkei; near Kentani, Miss Pegler, 386! Tembuland ;

Bazeia Mountain, Baur, 121! Griqualand East ; mountains around Clydesdale,

3000 ft., Tyson, 2545! and in MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 861!

Zuurberg, Wood, 1984! Pondoland; between St. Johns River and Umtsikaba

River, Drége, 4744c! Natal; near the Umlaas River, Krauss, 96! Inanda,

Wood, 6! 17! Inyangwine, Wood, 3017 ; Maritzburg, Rehmann, 7530! Coastland,

Sutherland ! Dumisa, Rudatis, 282!

The recurving and coiling of ‘the stamens is very evident in some specimens,

and not at all so in others, and probably has some connection with the fertilisation

of the plant or is a sexual condition.

V. PLECTRANTHUS, L’Hérit.

Calyx campanulate when flowering, 5-toothed, enlarged: in fruit,

declinate or erect, usually 2-lipped ; teeth subequal or the upper

widest. Corolla 2-lipped ; tube exserted, long or short, straight or

Plectranthus. | LABIATA (Cooke). 267

decurved ; throat equal or obliquely swollen ; upper lip usually short,

broad, 3—4-fid ; lower lip usually much longer than the upper,

entire, boat-shaped. Stamens 4, didynamous, declinate ; filaments

simple, free ; anther-cells usually confluent. Disk usually produced

into a gland in front which is sometimes longer than the 4-partite

ovary. Style subequally 2-fid. Fruit of 4 orbicular ovoid or oblong

smooth granulate or punctate nutlets.

Annual or perennial herbs or undershrubs ; flowers usually small in lax (rarely

close) paniculate or racemose cymes ; bracts usually small, foliaceous,

Distris. Species about 250, widely distributed through Africa, India, China,

Japan, the Malay Archipelago, Australia and Polynesia. 7’. C.

A. ISODON. Calyx-teeth subequal or united into 2 lips ; upper lip 3-toothed ;

cymes laxly many-flowered with a common peduncle (rarely contracted into

dense verticils).

Leaves less than 2 in. long, sub-fleshy, cuneate at

the base... ait ee cas ick ... (1) spicatus.

Leaves exceeding 2 in. long :

Leaves subsessile, opposite or ternately verticillate,

ovate-lanceolate sas Lag nes one

Leaves with petioles reaching 2 in. long, broadly

ovate with truncate base a saa nee

(2) calycinus,

(3) myrianthus,

B. GERMANEA. Calyx 2-lipped for } of its length ; upper lip ovate, seldom

resembling the teeth of the lower lip, but if so, broader and more distant ;

lower lips with narrow acuminate or subulate teeth.

Section 1. Eu-Grermanea. Ripe calyx declinate ; upper lip ovate ; lower

lip with lanceolate-subulate teeth, 2 lowermost connate at the base ;

corolla-tube saccate or spurred at the base behind.

Corolla-tube spurred at the base behind :

A shrub ,; “rt: ay ed sop

Herbs :

Upper tooth of calyx broadly ovate, sub-

obtuse, as broad as long; pedicel

exceeding 2 lin. long ... ere ... (5) petiolaris.

Upper tooth of calyx ovate-lanceolate ;

pedicels 1 lin. long .- «ss +=(6) arthropodus.

Corolla-tube not spurred at the base behind:

Suffruticose : :

Leafless at flowering time; leaves 2-3 in.

long, rounded or subcordate at the base ;

inflorescence a leafless panicle 12-18 in,

long =. As Rox oe :

Leafy at flowering time ; leaves less than

2 in. long, truncate or cuneate at the

base ; inflorescence asimple lax raceme (8) saccatus,

Herbaceous :

Stem puberulous; verticils of 2 shortly

pedunculate 3-5-flowered, opposite,

branched cymes mae vas ... (9) Rehmannii.

Stem pubescent with articulate glandu-

liferous hairs; verticils 6-8-flowered,

not pedunculate ad ie ... (10) Krookii.

Stem villous; verticils 6-flowered, not or

scarcely pedunculate ... ane ... C11) ciliatus.

(4) fruticosus.

(7) floribundus.

268 LABIATA (Cooke). | Plectranthus.

Section 2. SracHyantHt. Cymes almost sessile, with very short

pedicellate flowers in elongated thick spike-like racemes ; upper lip of

calyx ovate, only moderately different from the teeth of the lower lip ;

corolla-tube deflexed about the middle.

Leaves lin. long, obovate-oblong, sessile ;

bracts as broad as long; corolla lilac ... (12) villosus.

Leaves 2 in. long, orbicular, shortly petiolate ;

bracts narrower than tong corolla

yellow .. (13) densifiorus.

Section 3, CoLEOIDEs. Ripe says: auatinate upper tooth usually ovate,

more rarely triangular or lanceolate ; teeth of the lower lip acute and

narrower; corolla-tube gibbously enlarged above the base, but not

spurred; plants of various habit.

* Verticils pedunculate.

Verticils distant, developing into many-

flowered opposite racemes ; pedicels 2 lin.

sts a .. (14) Tysoni,

long

Verticils in Silas! ‘iis of 3 on ‘ing

peduncles :

Verticils 6-flowered ;

Stem villous ; leaves hairy; bracts 2-4

lin. long; corolla-tube 4 lin. long,

deflexed about the middle ... ___... (15) laxiflorus.

Stem and leaves sparsely hairy ; bracts

1$ lin. long ; corolla-tube 2 lin, ne

nearly straight ses a . (16) hylophilus.

Verticils 4-fiowered; stem puberlous ‘

leaves glabrous .. aks . (17) Kuntzei,

Peduncles of verticils very ll pele

present and absent on the same plant) :

Pubescent or hairy herbs :

Villous all over; leaves suborbicular,

deeply cut all round into oblong or

deltoid segments; verticils in 2

sets of 3-7 flowers ve ... (18) grandidentatus.

Pubescent ; leaves crenate, not deeply

cut :

Verticils 6-12-flowered; corolla

4 in. long; pedicels reaching

4 lin, long; nutlets ? lin. in

diam. smooth ,.. <ee ... (19) Cooperi.

Verticils 6-flowered ; corolla 1 in.

or more long ; pedicels 23 lin.

long; nutlets # lin. in diam.

rugulose eee - (20) coloratus.

A glabrous herb; verticils SAitiateds

corolla 2 in. long; pedicels reaching

4 lin. long; nutlets = lin. long,

smooth . és ae «+» (21) Eckloni.

** Verticils not pedunculate :

Corolla-tube straight or nearly so :

Stems procumbent, often rooting at the

lower nodes:

Leaves glabrous :

Leaves less than 1 in. long; verticils

4—6-flowered ; corolla white with

crimson lines) 4, ce aes (22) Thunbergii.

Plectranthus. | LABIATA (Cooke). 269

Leaves densely hispid :

Verticils 4—-6-flowered ; fruiting calyx

4 lin. long ia dew ... (23) strigosus.

Verticils 6-flowered ; fruiting calyx

23-3 lin. long ... oa ... (24) parviflorus,

Stems erect :

Leaves less than 2 in. long, glabrous :

Leaves 1} in. long; verticils 4-6-

flowered ; pedicels 13 lin. long ... (25) zuluensis,

Leaves 1 in. long; verticils 4-6-

flowered; pedicels 2 lin. long ;

corolla 4} lin. long te ... (26) Bolusi.

Leaves 3in. long; verticils 6-flowered ;

pedicels 2 lin. long ; corolla 34 lin.

long = gi see ... (27) purpuratus.

Leaves reaching 4 in. or more long:

Verticils 6-flowered :

Leaves truncate or subcordate at

the base, puberulous ; pedicels |

2 lin. long; nutlets almost

black ; a tall undershrub 2-3

ft. high ... ey ten ... (28) Galpinii.

Leaves cuneateatthe base, pubescent ;

pedicels 4 lin. long; nutlets

dark yellow ; a tall herb ... (29) Pegleree.

Verticils 4—-6-flowered ; leaves cuneate

at the base, glabrous; pedicels

8 lin. long ; nutlets smooth, brown (30) natalensis,

Corolla-tube deflexed (usually sharply so) :

Stems procumbent, sometimes rooting at

the lower nodes :

Leaves densely hispid; lower teeth of

calyx longer than the lateral ;

verticils 6-16-flowered iba ... (31) hirtus.

Leaves with short hairs ; lower teeth of

calyx nearly equal to the lateral ;

verticils 6-flowered ... co ... (32) nummularius.

Stems erect, suberect or ascending :

Leaves sessile or subsessile :

Shrubby ; root fibrous ; inflorescence

of elongate spike-like racemes ;

bracts 4 lin. long and as broad as

long ie aie ao .». (33) neochilus,

Herbaceous; root tuberous, edible ;

racemes short ; bracts 1 lin. long,

elliptic oh ae ... (34) esculentus.

Leaves petiolate : ‘ :

Low plants not exceeding 1 ft. high :

Stems 6 in. high; leaves fleshy,

4-# in. long ; verticils 6-flowered (35) pachyphyllus,

Stems 8-12 in. high, slender ; leaves

membranous, scarcely 1 in. long ;

yerticils 6-10-flowered ... (36) elegantulus.

270 LABIAT (Cooke). [ Plectranthus.

Plants exceeding 1 ft. high:

Suffruticose, 16-20 in. high, tomen-

tose, pubescent or villous :

Verticils 6-12-flowered ; nutlets

dark brown ae ... (37) tomentosus.

Verticils 12-16-flowered ; nut-

lets yellow ine ... (38) Woodii.

Herbaceous :

Petioles 2 in. or more long:

Stems 16 in. high; petioles

reaching 2} in. long; ver-

ticils 6-8-flowered ; pedi-

cels 2lin. long... ... (89) dolichopodus.

A branched herb with ascend-

ing branches; petiolesreach-

ing 2 in. long; verticils

6-flowered ; pedicels 4 lin.

long hes 553 ... (40) grallatus.

Petioles less than 2 in, long :

Stems 16 in. high, erect, rufous-

pubescent; leaves reaching

34 in. long, rhomboid-ovate,

reticulately veined and ruf-

ous-pubescent beneath ; in-

florescence a large panicle ;

verticils 4—6-flowered ; co-

rolla 5 lin. long ... ... (41) transvaalensis.

Stems suberect, densely pubes-

cent; leaves 14 in. long,

obovate, scabrous-pubescent

on both sides; verticils

6-10-flowered ; corolla3 lin.

long eer an ... (42) Draconis.

1. P. spicatus (E. Meyer, Comm. 230); stems erect, pubescent ;

leaves small, broadly ovate, subfleshy, glabrous or nearly so, cuneate

at the base ; racemes elongate, simple or branched below ; verticils

contracted, the lower } in., the upper } in. apart, pubescent ; bracts

reaching 2} lin. long, lanceolate, acute ; fruiting calyx not seen ;

flowering calyx 1 lin. long, oblique, hairy and dotted with bright

red glands; teeth equalling the tube, subequal, deltoid, acute,

corolla reaching 4 lin. long ; tube 2 lin. long, sharply deflexed about

the middle ; upper lip 1 lin. long, 4-lobed, 2 terminal lobes small,

rounded, lateral lobes minute ; lower lip 2 lin. long, ? lin. deep,

boat-shaped. Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 60.

Coast Recion: Uitenage Div. ; hill flats near Bethelsdorp, Zeyher, 3542!

Bathurst Div. ; G'enfilling, Drége, 47316 !

2. P. calycinus (Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 230); an erect

coarse herb ; stems stout, fulvous-hairy or tomentose ; leaves subsessile,

opposite or often ternately verticillate, 24-4 in. long, 4-1} in.

broad, ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute, serrate, sparsely

hairy above with scattered hairs, fulvously woolly-tomentose below ;

Pleetranthus. | LABIAT& (Cooke). 271

inflorescence in many-flowered dense pyramidal panicles 4—10 in.

long, more or less branched ; verticils formed of shortly pedunculate

cymes, each cyme in the axil of a lanceolate-oblong acute foliaceous

bract, which is } in. or more long, 2 lin. broad; fruiting calyx

tubular, 4 lin. long, hairy; flowering calyx 1} lin. long, hairy ;

teeth as long as the tube, equal, deltoid, acute, ciliolate ; corolla

6{ lin. long, whitish with purple lip (Galpin); tube 34 lin. long,

contracted and suddenly bent close to the base, swollen and cylindric

above ; upper lip 2 lin. long, 4-lobed, 2 upper lobes orbicular, 1 lin.

broad, lateral lobes ? lin. long, orbicular ; lower lip 2% lin. long,

1 lin. deep, boat-shaped ; upper pair of stamens 2 lin. long ; lower

2} lin. long ; style as long as the lower stamens; stigma minutely

2-fid ; nutlets 1 lin. long, $ lin. broad, oblong, obtuse, brown. Benth.

in DC. Prodr. xii. 61; Schinz in Mém. Herb. Boiss. x. 60.

P. pyramidatus, Guerke in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 552.

KALAHARI Recion: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 1016 ! Transvaal ; Barberton,

mountain-tops Saddleback range, Galpin, 1820! Hooge Veld, Rehmann, 6870!

Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6179!

Eastern Recion: Transkei; Krielis country, Bowker! Kentani, Miss Pegler,

162! Tembuland; Bazeia, 2500 ft., Baur, 97 ! between Morley and Umtata River,

Drége! Pondoland ; between St. Johns River and Umsikaba River, Drége, 3584 !

Natal ; near Ladysmith, Wilms, 2201 ! Gerrard, 183 ! Inanda, Wood, 489 ! Drakens-

berg, Laingsnek, Rehmann, 6961 !

Var. 8, pachystachyus (T. Cooke) ; leaves narrower, hardly exceediug 4 in.

broad ; flowering calyx smaller, only 1 lin. long. P. pachystachyus, Brig. in Bull.

Herb. Boiss, 2”¢ sér. iii. 1003.

Eastern Recron: Griqualand East ; mountains about Clydesdale, T'yson, 1145!

2749! and in MacOwan ¢& Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 862! Natal; near

Unkomaas, 5000 ft., Wood, 4621 ! ’

8. P. myrianthus (Briq. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér, iii. 1001) ;

an erect herb; branches ascending, tomentosely pubescent, often

canescent ; leaves 3} in. long, 2} in. broad, broadly ovate, obtuse or

subacute, coarsely inciso-serrate, green, membranous, sparsely hairy

above, more densely adpressedly pubescent beneath, base broadly

and obliquely truncate ; petiole reaching 2 in. long ; inflorescence

densely many-flowered, 4-6 in. long, 14-2 in. broad ; cymes }—2 in.

long ; bracts small, ovate, deciduous ; pedicels very unequal ; flower-

ing calyx }—} lin. long, pubescent ; teeth 5, lanceolate, subequal,

very short; fruiting calyx 2 lin. long, tubular-urceolate, pubescent

with short forward pointing hairs ; corolla blue, shortly pubescent ;

tube slender, cylindric for 14-2 lin., then suddenly detlexed and

enlarged in a throat 14 lin. long; upper lip ?-1 lin. long ; lower

lip separated by a broad sinus 1} lin. long, }-1 lin. deep, obtusely

boat-shaped ; nutlets scarcely } lin. long, ovoid, smooth, yellow.

Germanea myriantha, Briq. Lc.

Ka uauart Region: Transvaal ; Witwatersrand, Hutton, 8771! :

4. P. fruticosus (L’Herit. Stirp. i. 85, t. 41); a shrub 3-4 ft,

high ; stems, petioles and nerves of the leaves pubescent or villous

with adpressed rufous hairs; leaves opposite, 3-6 in. long, 2-34 in.

272 LABIATA (Cooke). [ Plectranthus.

broad, ovate, acute, coarsely doubly crenate-serrate, the younger

hispid above with scattered hairs, at length glabrate, punctate,

pase subcordate, truncate or cuneate ; petioles {-1 in. long ; intlo-

rescence a lax sparingly-branched panicle 6—9 in. long, often with

2-4 opposite spreading racemes near the base, sometimes an un-

branched raceme; verticils} about 6-flowered, distant; bracts

foliaceous, ovate, acuminate, the lower rather large, reaching 4 in.

long, becoming smaller upwards ; pedicels slender, up to 3 in. long ;

fruiting calyx reaching 44 lin. long ; tube nearly glabrous, with a

reflexed upper tooth ; flowering calyx 2 lin. long, hairy ; upper tooth

1 lin. long, # lin. broad, ovate, acute; 4 other teeth lanceolate,

subulate, 2 lower 1 lin. long, connate below, 2 lateral } lin. long ;

corolla blue, nearly } in. long; tube 3 lin. long, with a spur } lin.

long at the base on the upper side ; upper lip 2-2} lin. long, 4-lobed,

2 upper lobes large, suborbicular, 14 lin. broad, 2 lateral lobes

small, } lin. long and broad, rounded ; lower lip 2 lin. long, 4 lin.

deep, boat-shaped ; upper pair of stamens 2 lin. long ; lower pair

3 lin. long ; style a little shorter than the lower stamens; stigma

equally shortly 2-fid ; nutlets ovoid, 1 lin. long, } lin. broad, brown,

dull. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 448 ; Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 168 ; Ait. Hort.

Kew. ed. 1, ii. 322; Benth. Lab. 32 ; S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1903, 406.

Sourn Arrica : cultivated specimen, Gouan!

Coast ReGion: Caledon Div.; Genadendal, Prior! Swellendam Div. ; in

woods near Swellendam, Drége! Knysna Div.; in the forest near Yzer Nek,

Burchell, 5207! and at Doukamma, Drége, 7947 ! George Div. ; near George in

the forest, Burchell, 6051! Prior!

Karanart Recion: Transvaal; Lydenburg, Wilms, 1128 !

5. P. petiolaris (E. Meyer, Comm. 228); stem herbaceous,

puberulous ; leaves 11-4 in. long, 1-3} in. broad, broadly ovate,

subobtuse, coarsely and obtusely toothed, thinly puberulous above

and on the veins beneath, base cordate ; petioles 3-3 in. long ; in-

florescence terminal, simple or with 1-2 ascending branches at the

base ; verticils 4-1 in. apart, 4-6-flowered ; bracts 1-2 lin. long, 3-2

lin. broad, somewhat rhomboid-ovate, acute, glabrous, ciliolate ;

pedicels 2-3} lin. long ; fruiting calyx 3-4 lin. long ; flowering calyx

14-1} lin. long, puberulous or nearly glabrous ; tube 3-1 lin. long,

campanulate ; upper tooth }-} lin. long and about as broad, broadly

ovate, subobtuse ; 4 other teeth subequal, subulate from a trian-

r base; corolla dark red (Wood); tube about 5 lin. long,

abruptly deflexed at the middle, enlarged above, with a minute

triangular spur; upper lip about 4 lin. long, erect, pubescent,

unequally 4-lobed, terminal lobes about 14 lin. long and broad,

oblong, obtuse, lateral lobes rounded ; lower lip 4 lin. long, 1} lin.

deep, boat-shaped, obtuse; stamens unequal ; filaments all free,

glabrous ; style about as long as the stamens ; stigma shortly 2-fid ;

nutlets } lin. long, subquadrate-ellipsoid, light brown, not shining.

Eastern Reaton: Pondoland ; between Umtata River and St. Johns River,

Drége, 4773b! Natal; Coast land, Sutherland! ‘Berea, near Durban, Wood,

3390! Dumisa, Rudatis, 339 !

Plectranthus. ] LABIAT& (Cooke). 273

6. P. arthropodus (Briq. in Bull. Herb. Boiss, 2™ sér. iii. 1073) ;

an erect herb; branches green, glabrous or minutely puberulous ;

leaves 4 in. long, 23 in. broad, broadly ovate, acute or subacuminate,

attenuated into a rather long shortly puberulous petiole, mem-

branous, thin, puberulous on the nerves beneath, otherwise glabrous,

regularly crenate ; petiole 14 in. long, articulated with the blade,

the articulation leaving (after the fall of the leaf) a prominent cir-

cular scar ; racemes moderately slender, about 24 in. long ; verticils

2-6-flowered ; bracts 14-12 in. long and broad, ovate, subpersistent ;

pedicels }-1 lin. long; flowering calyx scarcely 14 lin. long, cam-

panulate, shortly puberulous ; upper tooth the largest, 1 lin. long,

ovate-lanceolate ; other 4 teeth about } lin. long; corolla-tube 1-1}

lin. long, with a small spur } lin. long on the back ; upper lip #

lin. long ; lower lip 1} lin. long.

KaaHari Reaion : Transvaal ; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6151!

7. P. floribundus (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 12); stems

erect, 2-4 ft. high, stout, striate, pubescent, leafless at flowering

time ; leaves 2-3 in. long, }—1 in. broad, oblong, obtuse, scabridly

pubescent on both sides, base rounded or subcordate ; inflorescence

a leafless panicle 12-18 in. long, of numerous simple or branched

pubescent racemes 1-24 in. long, floriferous nearly to the base ;

verticils about 2-flowered ; bracts 14-2 lin. long, about 1 lin. broad,

elliptic-oblong, obtuse, pubescent ; pedicels as long as the bracts or

slightly longer ; fruiting calyx 34-4 lin. long, campanulate, scabrid-

pubescent and glandular ; flowering calyx 24 lin. long ; upper tooth

14-1} lin. long and broad, suborbicular, apiculate, ciliate ; 4 other

_ teeth subequal, 14-1 lin. long, $ lin. broad at the base, tapering to

an acute apex, ciliate; corolla nearly ? in. long, bright golden

yellow, pubescent; tube 44 lin. long, abruptly deflexed at } its

length from the base, enlarged towards the mouth ; upper lip 2} lin,

long, erect, 4-lobed, terminal lobes about ? lin. long, 14 lin. broad,

suborbicular, lateral lobes erect, 2 lin. long, oblong, obtuse ; lower

lip 44 lin. long, 2 lin. deep, subacute, boat-shaped ; upper pair of

stamens 2 lin. long ; lower pair 3-3} lin. long ; style filiform, glabrous,

as long as the stamens; stigma minutely 2-fid. Hook. Ic. Pl.

t. 2489.

Kananart Reaion: Transvaal ; margin of a wood at Upper Moodies and on the

bank of a river on the De Kaap Valley Flats, near Barberton, 3000-4000 ft., rare,

only 2 plants seen, Galpin, 591! Shiluvane, Junod, 574!

Eastern Recion : Natal ; Inanda, Wood, 646! 3843!

The variety longipes in Tropical Africa.

8. P. saccatus (Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 227) ; suffruticose,

sparsely hairy on the stem and leaves ; branches spreading horizon-

tally, reaching 1 ft. long; leaves thick, rather succulent, laxly

hairy or nearly glabrous, {-1} in. long, }-1} in. broad, deltoid or

rhomboid, coarsely toothed, truncate or cuneate at the base ; petioles

VOL. V.—SECT. I. T

274 LABIAT (Cooke). [ Plectranthus.

1} in. long slender ; inflorescence a simple lax raceme ; verticils

distant, 2—6-flowered, not pedunculate ; bracts small, lanceolate, de-

ciduous ; pedicels 2-34 lin. long ; fruiting calyx 3 lin. or more long,

glabrous ; flowering calyx 1 lin. long, campanulate, hairy ; upper tooth

ovate, acute; 4 other teeth lanceolate, 2 lower slightly the longer ;

corolld blue ; tube 4 in. long, } in. broad, straight, obtusely saccate

above a very short narrow base ; upper lip } in. long and as broad

as long, orbicular-oblong, divided at the apex by a triangular notch

about | lin. deep into 2 rounded lobes ; lateral lobes deltoid ; lower

lip of corolla } in. long ; upper pair of stamens 3} lin. long ; lower

pair 4} lin. long ; style shorter than the stamens, equally 2-fid ; nut-

lets not seen. Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 62; Bot. Mag. t. 7841 ;

Wood & Evans, Natal Pl. i. t. 85.

EasteRN Recion: Pondoland; near St. Johns River, Drége, 4771! forest

at Ismuka, near Port St. John, 100 ft., Galpin, 2840! Transkei ; Kentani,

Miss Pegler, 338! Tsomo River, Mrs. Barber, 6! Natal; Inanda, Wood, 323!

Izingolweni, Wood, 3037! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 1676!

Sanderson !

9. P. Rehmannii (Guerke in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 553); stem

erect, puberulous ; leaves 2-2} in. long, 1-14 in. broad, ovate or

ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, irregularly serrate, puberulous

on both sides, reticulately nerved beneath, rounded at the base ;

petioles $-? in. long; inflorescence a branched panicle reaching

10 in. long ; verticils of 2 shortly pedunculate 3—5-flowered opposite

cymes reaching in flower 2 in. long ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute,

14 lin. long ; fruiting calyx 4} lin. long, tubular, externally pube-

rulous, rigid; flowering calyx 1} lin. long; upper tooth ovate,

acute ; other 4 teeth subulate from a deltoid base, 2 lower longer

than the lateral ; corolla white (Wood) ; tube 14 lin. long, deflexed

at the very base, enlarged upwards ; upper lip about 1 lin. long ;

nutlets 3 lin. long, } lin. broad, broadly ellipsoid-oblong, rounded

at both ends ; dull brown. P

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; Barberton, Thorncroft, 3259 !

A og nn Rrcion : Natal; Karkloof, Rehmann, 7359! summit of Peak of Byrne,

ood, 3167 !

10. P. Krookii (Guerke ex Zahlbr. in Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus.

Wien, xx. 1905, 48); a herb, pubescent with articulate glanduli-

ferous hairs; stem branched, 16 in. high, glabrescent at the base ;

leaves #-1} in. long, 2-1} in. broad, broadly ovate, acute, mem-

branous, the lower attenuated into a longish petiole, pubescent on

both sides and with irregularly toothed margins ; petioles 3-1} in.

long ; racemes lax, 4-5 in. long; verticils about 5-7 lin. apart,

6—8-flowered ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute; pedicels slender,

4—5 lin. long; fruiting calyx 4 lin. long; flowering calyx 2 lin.

long; upper tooth broadly ovate, acute; other 4 teeth deltoid-

lanceolate, acuminate, 2 lowest the longest; corolla saccately

enlarged at the base.

Plectranthus. | LABIAT& (Cooke). 275

Coast Recion : Alexandria Div.?; Zour Flats forest, T'yson, 1765!

Eastern Recion : Griqualand East ; between the Insizwa Range and the River

Umzimhlava, Krook, 1698 !

_ Var. 8, grandifolia (T. Cooke); less hairy ; leaves larger, 33-44 in. long,

24-3 in. broad irregularly and deeply coarsely crenate-serrate ; upper leaves

beneath the panicle with very short petioles ; lower leaves with petioles 2 in. long.

Eastern Recton: Griqualand East; woods near Kokstad, 5100 ft., Z'yson,

1793! and in MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm. 1344 !

ll. P. ciliatus (E. Meyer, Comm. 227); stem and _ branches

usually villous ; leaves petiolate, 2-3 in. long, 14-13 in. broad,

ovate, acute, crenate-serrate, cuneate at the base, sparsely hairy

above and on the nerves beneath with short rather stiff hairs ;

petioles }-1} in. long, villous; inflorescence a simple or slightly

branched panicle ; verticils about 6-flowered, rather distant ;

peduncles very short or 0; pedicels reaching 3 lin. long ; fruiting

calyx 4 lin. long, campanulate; upper tooth 1} lin. long, ? lin.

broad, ovate, acute, ciliate ; other 4 teeth lanceolate, acute, ciliate,

2 lateral 1 lin. long, 2 lower 1% lin. long, connate at the base ;

corolla + in. long or more; tube 3 lin. long, nearly straight or

slightly detlexed at the very base, obtusely saccate above the base ;

upper lip 4 lin. long and as broad as long, obovate-cuneate ; terminal

lobes about 1 lin. deep, rounded ; lateral lobes small, obtuse ; lower

lip 4 lin. long ; nutlets obtusely ovoid, ? lin. long, $ lin. broad,

brown.

Coast Reaion: Albany Div.; near Grahamstown, Burchell, 3580! Kitching!

Atherstone, 17!

Kananart Reaion ; Swaziland ; Embabane, 4700 ft., Bolus, 12247 |! ;

Eastern Ructon : Transkei; Kentani, edge of woods near water, Miss Pegler,

352! Tembuland; Bazeia, 2500 ft., Bawr, 37! Pondoland; near St. Johns

River, Drége, 4777! Natal; Inanda, Wood, 63!

12. P. villosus (T. Cooke in Kew Bulletin, 1909, 378, not of

Sieber) ; suffruticose; stems erect, stout, pubescent; leaves

1 in. long, sessile, obovate-oblong, obtuse, obscurely crenate,

densely finely villous on both sides, base cuneate ; inflorescence

of several villous dense spike-like racemes forming a branched

panicle ; verticils many-flowered, villous, closely packed; bracts

3 lin. long and as broad as long, broadly ovate, acute,

villous on both sides; pedicels about 1 lin. long; flowering

calyx 1 lin. long, densely villous; upper tooth larger than the

others, } lin. broad, ovate-oblong, subacute, densely ciliate ; other

4 teeth subequal or the 2 lower smaller, oblong, much shorter

than the upper tooth, densely ciliate ; corolla 2} lin. long, lilac

(Wood); tube 14 lin. long, deflexed about the middle, enlarged

above the deflexion ; upper lip ? lin. long; lower lip 1 lin. long,

} lin. deep, boat-shaped ; upper pair of stamens 1} lin. long ; lower

pair 1} lin. long; style as long as the lower stamens; nutlets

scarcely 4 lin. long and nearly as broad as long, angular, pale brown,

quite smooth and shining. ;

276 LABIAT (Cooke). [ Plectranthus.

Eastern Recion: Zululand ; Entumeni, 2000-3000 ft., Wood, 3955!

This has a general similarity in appearance to P. marrubioides, but the calyx,

the upper tooth of which is twice as long as the lower ones, is entirely different.

13. P. densiflorus (T. Cooke in Kew Bulletin, 1909, 378);

suffruticose; stems stout, pubescent; leaves 2 in. long and

as broad as long, orbicular, somewhat distinctly and obscurely

crenate, softly villous on both sides; base cuneate running

down into a short stout petiole, the junction of which

with the leaf-blade is obscure; inflorescence paniculate, the

racemes composing the panicle spike-like, reaching 10 in. long,

densely villous ; verticils many-flowered, close ; bracts ovate-lanceo-

late, acute, deciduous, 14 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, pubescent on the

back and with ciliate margins ; pedicels 1 lin. long ; fruiting calyx

21 lin. long, campanulate, straight, villous ; upper tooth 14 lin.

long, } lin. broad, ovate-oblong, subacute, ciliate; 2 lateral teeth

lin. long, ovate-oblong, acute, ciliate ; 2 lower teeth similar but

slightly smaller; flowering calyx 1} lin. long, densely villous ;

upper tooth rather more than } lin. broad ; other 4 teeth subequal

or the lower smaller, oblong, ciliate ; corolla yellow (Wood) ; tube

1} lin. long, nearly straight, enlarged above ; nutlets nearly 3 lin.

long, } lin. broad, almost flat on one face, angular on the other,

smooth, shining, yellowish-brown.

Eastern ReGron : Natal ; near the Mooi River, 3000-4000 ft., Wood, 44751!

14. P. Tysoni (Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 77) ; stem erect,

16-20 in. high, pubescent ; leaves petiolate, 1} in. long, 1 in. broad,

ovate, acute, coarsely crenate-serrate, slightly pubescent above,

more densely so and copiously gland-dotted beneath, base shortly

cuneate into the petiole ; petioles }—} in. long ; inflorescence a long

simple raceme reaching 1 ft. or more long ; verticils pedunculate,

rather distant, developing into many-flowered opposite racemes

reaching 6 lin, long ; bracts small, deciduous ; pedicels 2 lin. long ;

fruiting calyx 3 lin. long, pubescent and glandular ; upper tooth

1} lin. long, }-3 lin. broad, ovate-oblong, subacute ; lateral teeth

1 lin. long, } lin. broad, oblong, rounded ; 2 lower teeth 2 in. long,

lanceolate-subulate, united nearly to the top; corolla purple, } in.

long, sparsely gland-dotted ; tube } in. long, sharply deflexed near

the base, enlarged and funnel-shaped above ; upper lip 1 lin. long ;

lower lip } in. long, y5 in. deep, boat-shaped ; nutlets globosely

ellipsoid, § lin. long and nearly as broad as long, smooth, brown.

Eastern Recion: Griqualand East; in rough places on the banks of the

Uwzimkulu River, near Clydesdale, Zyson, 2769! and in MacOwan & Bolus,

Herb. Austr.-Afr., 1295! Natal; Dumisa, Rudatis, 262!

15. P. laxiflorus (Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 228) ; stem erect,

villous ; leaves 2-34 lin. long, 4-1} in. broad, broadly ovate, acute

or acuminate, sparsely hairy on both sides, crenate-serrate, base

Plectranthus. | LABIATA (Cooke), 277

cordate ; petioles variable in length, $-3 in. long, villous; inflo-

rescence a laxly branched (rarely simple) panicle 6-10 in. long;

verticils usually in 2 opposite sets of 3 on long peduncles (peduncles

rarely absent) ; pedicels often } in. long, slender ; bracts 2—4 lin.

long, ovate, acute ; fruiting calyx 4 lin. long, tubular-campanulate ;

flowering calyx 2 lin. long, densely villous, campanulate ; teeth

deltoid, subequal in length, as long as the tube ; uppermost tooth

broader than the 4 subequal iower ones ; corolla pubescent outside ;

tube 4 lin. long, much deflexed about the middle ; upper lip 3 lin.

long, orbicular; lower lip 3 lin. long, 1 lin. deep, boat-shaped ;

upper pair of stamens 2 lin. long; lower pair 2} lin. long; style

longer than the stamens; stigma equally 2-fid; nutlets globosely

ovoid, 1 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, yellowish brown. Benth. in DC.

Prodr. xii. 63.

Coast Reaton : Uitenhage Div., Zeyher, 196! Albany Div. ; Howisons Poort,

near Grahamstown, Zeyher, 876! 3544! Stockenstrom Div. ; Kat Berg, Shaw!

Katanart Region: Transvaal ; Houtbosch Berg, Schlechter, 4762!

Eastern Region: Natal; between Umzimkulu River and Umkomanzi River,

Drége, 3586! near Murchison, Wood, 3117! Inanda, Wood, 1047! and without,

precise locality, Gerrard, 1222! Sanderson, 392! Wood, 1864! 4237! Transkei ;

aes Miss Pegler, 161! Pondoland ; Port St. John, above Tiger Flat, Galpin,

844!

16. P. hylophilus (Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 203) ; an under-

shrub 25-4 ft. high; stems sparsely hairy; leaves 2-4 in. long,

1}-3 in. broad, opposite, broadly ovate, acute, crenate, sparsely

short-hairy on both sides, base deeply cordate ; petioles $—3 in. long,

hairy ; inflorescence a sparingly branched panicle or a simple

raceme 3-8 in. long; verticils distant, 6-flowered, 3 flowers on each

side usually on a peduncle 14-3 lin. long (the peduncle rarely

absent) ; flowers white (Junod) ; pedicels 2—3 lin. long, puberulous ;

bracts 1} lin, long, ovate, acute ; fruiting calyx 4 lin. long, tubular-

campanulate ; flowering calyx 1} lin. long, campanulate, hairy ;

upper tooth the largest, ovate, acute; other 4 teeth deltoid, acute,

2 lateral teeth a little shorter than the 2 lower ; corolla about 4 lin.

long; tube 2 lin. long, nearly straight; upper lip 2 lin. long;

lower lip 2 lin. long, 1 lin. deep, boat-shaped ; nutlets not seen.

Katanart Region: Transvaal; Shiluvane, Junod, 777 !

I have seen only 2 rather meagre specimens of this species.

pedicels 24-34 lin. long ; calyx slightly glandular ; fruiting calyx

declinate, ovate-cylindric, 4-5 lin. long; upper tooth orbicular,

278 LABIATA (Cooke). | Plectranthus.

very shortly apiculate ; lateral teeth broadly deltoid, acuminate ;

2 lower teeth longer and narrower, acuminate ; corolla bluish-

purple, much longer than the calyx ; nutlets yellowish brown.

Eastern ReGion : Natal; Clairmont, AKwnize,

The plant is less upright than P. lawiflorus. It has glabrous leaves and

4-flowered verticils, while P. laxiflorus has more or less hairy leaves and 6-flowered

verticils. The teeth of the calyx are also different. JI have not seen any

specimens and Guerke has not described the corolla-tube.

18. P. grandidentatus (Guerke in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 554) ;

villous all over; leaves 14-2} in. long and as broad as long,

orbicular, deeply cut all round, except at the base, into oblong or

deltoid acute or subobtuse teeth, sometimes } in. deep, base sub-

cordate, truncate or cuneate ; petioles }-1# in. long ; inflorescence

a panicle near the base, the racemes forming it reaching as much as

9 in. long ; verticils somewhat distant, of 3-7 sets of white flowers

at each side ; peduncles 0, or rarely present and very short ; pedicels

1-14 lin. long ; bracts small, deciduous ; fruiting calyx 2 lin. long,

oblique, hairy and covered with red shining glandular dots ; flower-

ing calyx 1 lin. long, hairy ; upper tooth } lin. long, and about as

broad, suborbicular-oblong ; other 4 teeth subequal, deltoid, acute ;

corolla 4 lin. long; tube 2 lin. long, deflexed at the very base,

funnel-shaped above ; upper lip 1} lin. long, ciliate at the apex,

and with red glandular dots; lower lip 2 lin. long, 1 lin. deep,

boat-shaped ; nutlets 4 lin. long, scarcely } lin. broad, ovoid, obtuse,

shining, polished, brown.

Coast Rrecion: Queenstown Div.; Shiloh, 3500 ft., Baur, 797! Uitenhage

Div. ; Zuurberg Range, 7'yson, 1177!

Eastern ReGion: Griqualand East ; on moist rocks at Emyembe, in Umzimkulu

district, 5500 ft., Tyson, 2163! and in MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr., 1517! Natal ;

in woods at Umkomaas, 4000-5000 ft., Wood, 4606 !

19. P. Cooperi (T. Cooke in Kew Bulletin, 1909, 377) ; erect ;

stem obtusely quadrangular, grooved, pubescent; leaves up to

34 in. long, 3 in. broad, deltoid-ovate, acute or acuminate,

coarsely and somewhat irregularly crenate, sparsely pubescent

above and on the nerves beneath; petioles of lower leaves

reaching 2} in. long, those of the upper leaves shorter,

more or less pubescent ; inflorescence in long racemes reaching

10 in. long, simple or forming a panicle branched at the base,

the rhachis scaberulous with short gland-tipped hairs; verticils

6-12-flowered, often nearly 1 in. apart, not or scarcely pe-

dunculate ; bracts 1-1} lin. long, glandular-pubescent ; fruiting

calyx 3 lin. long, curved, nearly glabrous, often purple-coloured ;

upper tooth nearly 1} lin. long, ovate, acuminate, erect; other

4 teeth subulate from a deltoid base, the lower teeth the longest ;

flowering calyx 1} lin. long, coloured, tube pubescent ; narrow

basal portion of the corolla-tube 3 lin. long, about } lin. broad,

sharply deflexed ; upper portion of tube above the narrow part

Plectranthus. | LABIATZ (Cooke). 279

enlarged, almost cylindric, 24 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, saccate at the

base ; upper lip 14 lin. long; lower lip 2 lin. long, nearly 1 lin.

deep, boat-shaped, acute ; stamens exserted ; nutlets } lin. in diam.,

subglobose, compressed, smooth, dark yellow.

KALAHARI Recion : Orange River Colony, Cooper, 2982!

EastERN Region: Natal; in bush at Byrne, 3000 ft., Wood, 1843! and without

precise locality, Gerrard, 1673!

20. P. coloratus (E. Meyer, Comm. 228); erect, 14-3 ft. high ;

stems pubescent ; leaves 2—5 in. long, 1-3 in. broad, ovate, acute,

irregularly crenate, sparsely hairy above, more densely so on the

nerves beneath, base cuneate ; petioles 1-3 in. long, hairy ; inflores-

cence racemose or paniculate; verticils laxly 6-flowered, not or

scarcely pedunculate ; bracts 2-24 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, ovate-

lanceolate, acuminate ; pedicels 2—24 lin. long, slender, pubescent ;

fruiting calyx 4 lin. long; upper tooth erect; lower teeth ciliate ;

flowering calyx campanulate, 1}—2 lin. long, usually coloured ; upper

tooth broadly ovate, subacute ; other 4 teeth subulate, ciliate, 2 lower

the longer ; corolla purple, 1 in. or more long; tube ? in. long,

straight, very narrow, scarcely enlarged above ; upper lip } in.

long, 2 terminal lobes shallow, rounded ; lateral lobes small, rounded ;

stamens long, the longer pair reaching 6 lin. long, the shorter pair

up to 4 lin. long; nutlets 3? lin. long, $ lin. broad, ellipsoid-oblong,

rounded at the ends, rugulose, dark brown. Benth. in DC. Prodr.

xii. 64.

Coast Recion: King Williamstown Div. ; mountains near King Williamstown,

Mrs. Barber | East London Div. ; forest at Fort Grey, Galpin, 7826!

Eastern Recion: Transkei; Tsomo River, Mrs. Bowker! Kentani, Miss Pegler,

907 ! Pondoland ; between Umtata River and St. Johns River, Drége, 4778! Port

St. John, above Tiger Flat, Galpin, 2843! Natal ; Inanda, Wood, 480! near Mur-

chison, Wood, 3036! near Durban, Guenzius! Dumisa, Rudatis, 314! and without

precise locality, Gerrard, 1671! Zululand ; near Eshowe, Wood, 7591!

21. P. Eckloni (Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 64); an erect herb,

glabrous or nearly so ; stems striate, glabrous ; leaves 3}—6 in. long,

14-3 in. broad, ovate, acute or acuminate, crenate-serrate, glabrous,

cuneate (usually unequally) at the base; petioles }-3 in. long ;

inflorescence a branched panicle 2-9 in. long, formed of several

opposite lax racemes of various lengths ; verticils laxly 6-flowered ;

peduncles scarcely any ; pedicels reaching } in. long, slender ; bracts

small, oblong, deciduous ; fruiting calyx reaching 5 lin. long, tubular-

campanulate, ribbed, glabrous ; upper tooth erect ; flowering calyx

campanulate, 2 lin. long; upper tooth 1} lin. long, lin. broad,

ovate, acute ; 4 other teeth linear-subulate, ciliate, 2 lateral { lin.

long, 2 lower 14 lin. long; corolla ? in. long ; tube straight, funnel-

shaped at the mouth, 54 lin. long; upper lip 2-2} lin. long and as

broad, 2 terminal lobes rounded ; lower lip 2} lin. long, 1 lin. deep,

boat-shaped ; stamens very long, much exserted, the longer pair

reaching ? in. long ; style shorter than the stamens ; nutlets 14 lin.

long, 3 lin. broad, ellipsoid, smooth, brown.

280 LABIAT (Cooke). [ Plectranthus.

Coast Recon: Stockenstrom Div. ; near the Kat River and slopes of the Kat

Berg, Zcklon! Eastern Frontier, MacOwan, 500! :

CENTRAL RecGion: Somerset Div. ; Bosch Berg, Burchell, 3139! and without

precise locality, Miss Bowker ! :

Eastern REGION: Transkei; Kentani, Miss Pegler, 376! Tembuland; Bazeia,

Baur, 187!

22. P. Thunbergii (Benth. Lab. 37) ; a procumbent plant ; stems

slender, more or less puberulous; leaves opposite, 4—} in. long,

almost as broad as long, subfleshy, orbicular-obovate, cuneate at the

base, decurrent into a long slender petiole, with deeply crenate

margins, glabrous, gland-dotted ; inflorescence a simple raceme ;

verticils laxly 4—6-flowered, not pedunculate ; bracts }-1 lin. long,

ovate-lanceolate, acute; pedicels reaching 3 lin. long, filiform ;

fruiting calyx 3} lin. long, becoming glabrous, giand-dotted ;

flowering calyx 14 lin. long ; upper tooth } lin. long, ovate, acute ;

other 4 teeth deltoid, acute, the lateral } lin. long, 2 lower 1 lin.

long; corolla white with crimson lines (Mrs. Monteiro); tube

reaching 44 lin. long, straight, scarcely enlarged above ; upper lip

up to 3}—4 lin. long, obovate-oblong, rounded at the apex ; lower

lip reaching 34 lin. long ; upper pair of stamens 2 lin. long; lower

pair 3 lin. long. Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 67 ; Schinz in Mém. Herb.

Boiss. x. 60. Ocymum racemosum, Thunb. Prodr. 96.

Coast Recron : Knysna Diy. ; in the forest at Doukamma, Drége ! Uniondale

Div, ; near the Keurbooms River, Burchell, 5150! Uitenhage Div.; near

Uitenhage, Schlechter, 2501! Prior! woods of Adow and by the Zwartkops River,

Zeyher, 121! Albany Div. ; in a wooded kloof west of Grahamstown, Burchell,

3579! Victoria East Div., Cooper, 399 !

EasTERN REGIon: Tembuland ; between the Bashee River and Morley, Drége,

4779! Griqualand Fast ; in rocky places near streams round Clydesdale, 2500 ft.,

Tyson, 2802! and in MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Austr.-Afr., 1296! Delagoa Bay,

Mrs. Monteiro !

23. P. strigosus (Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 229); stem pro-

cumbent, rufous-pubescent, often rooting at the lower nodes ; leaves

opposite, variable in size, $1} in. long, $—-1} in. broad, orbicular,

obscurely crenate, fleshy, hispid above, rufous-pubescent on the

nerves beneath ; petioles variable in length from 1 lin. to 1} in.

long ; inflorescence a simple (rarely branched) raceme; verticils

4—6-flowered, not pedunculate ; bracts 14-2 lin. long, ovate-lanceo-

late ; pedicels 2-3 lin. long, slender, pubescent ; fruiting calyx 4 lin.

long, campanulate ; flowering calyx 14 lin. long, campanulate ; upper

tooth ? lin. long, ovate, acute; other 4 teeth lanceolate, acute,

lateral }—? lin. long, lower twice as long; corolla 5 lin. long; tube

2 lin. long, nearly straight ; upper lip 3 lin. long, oblong-obovate,

Sere at the apex ; lower lip 2 lin. long. Benth. in DC. Prodr.

xii. 68.

Var. 8, lucidus (Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 68) ; leaves more glabrous, distinctly

crenate ; stem and veins of the leaves rufous-pubescent. P. lucidus, Burchell ex

Benth, le, 68,

Coast Recion: Alexandria Div. ; Oliphants Hoek Forest, Ecklon! Var. B:

Bathurst Div. ; Riet Funtein, Burchell, 3924!

Plectranthus. | LABIATA (Cooke). 281

Eastern Recion : Pondoland; between St. Johns River and Umsikaba River,

Drége, 4779¢ !

Closely allied to P. Thunbergii, Benth., from which it differs by the hispid,

obscurely crenate leaves and a smaller corolla, There are however only 2 sheets of

the plant at Kew.

wee ae

of red.

Coast Region : East London Div. ; near East London, Kuntze.

I have not seen any specimens. The above description is Guerke’s. From the

description there would seem little to separate the plant from P. strigosus, Benth.

Guerke gives no description of the corolla.

25. P. guluensis (T. Cooke in Kew Bulletin, 1909, 379); a

slender herb; stems obtusely quadrangular, puberulous ; leaves

1-14 in. long, 1 in.-broad, ovate, acute, glabrous or nearly so,

with regularly serrate margins, truncate or shortly cuneate

at the base; petioles }-? in. long, puberulous ; inflorescence

a simple terminal raceme 2}-4} in. long; verticils 4-6-

flowered, 3-5 lin. apart, not pedunculate ; bracts 13-2 lin. long,

obovate, acuminate; pedicels 14 lin. long; flowering calyx 2 lin.

long, campanulate, pubescent ; upper tooth } lin, long, broadly

ovate, subacute ; lateral teeth } lin. long, deltoid, acute ; 2 lower

teeth twice as long as the lateral, lanceolate, acute ; corolla-tube

nearly 3 lin. long, narrow cylindric basal portion $-? lin. long, tube

nearly straight and subcylindric above, saccate above the narrow

part; upper lip 2 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, obovate, rounded at the

apex, with 2 lateral rounded lobes near the base ; stamens exserted ;

nutlets not seen.

Eastern Reaion: Natal or Zululand; Gerrard, 1675!

(26. P. Bolusi (T. Cooke in Kew Bulletin, 1909, 377); stems

erect, obtusely quadrangular, simple or branched, leafy, hairy ;

leaves reaching 1 in. long, 2 in. broad, broadly ovate, acute

or obtuse, green and sparsely hairy or almost glabrous above,

pale and hairy on the nerves beneath, serrate (more or less

irregularly); petioles 2-4 lin. long, pubescent ; inflorescence

of simple or paniculate terminal racemes 4—6 in. long ; verticils

4—6-flowered, nearly 4} in. apart; bracts ovate, acuminate ;

pedicels scarcely 2 lin. long, pubescent ; fruiting calyx reaching

282 LABIATA (Cooke). [ Plectranthus.

nearly 4 in. long, usually coloured, tubular-campanulate, glabrous

or nearly so ; flowering calyx 2 lin. long, coloured, tubular-campanu-

late, pubescent ; upper tooth nearly ? lin. long, } lin. broad, ovate,

acute ; lateral teeth short, oblong, obtuse, cuspidate ; 2 lower teeth

much longer than the lateral, lanceolate-subulate ; corolla 44 lin.

long ; tube 24 lin. long, nearly straight, cylindric ; upper lip 14 lin.

long and as broad as long, with rounded crenulate apex ; lower lip:

1? lin. long, ? lin. deep, boat-shaped, acute ; stamens included.

Katanari Recion: Transvaal ; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6167! A more robust

fruiting specimen (flowers said to be purple) from near Weenen, Natal, 4000 ft.

(Wood, 4488 !)

The description is retained for convenience, though Bolus 11011 is transferred’

to Orthosiphon Wilmsii and the remaining material scarcely sustains the species. ]

27. P. purpuratus (Harv. Thes. Capens. i. 53, t. 83); stems.

12-14 in. high, branching, succulent and brittle, thinly puberulous

or nearly glabrous ; leaves } in. long, nearly as broad as long, in

spreading subdistant decussate pairs, ovate or suborbicular, obtusely

or obsoletely crenate, glabrous or nearly so, purple beneath ; petioles.

3—4 lin. long ; inflorescence of paniculately arranged racemes ; verti-

cils laxly 6-flowered, not pedunculate ; bracts 1} lin. long, } lin. broad,.

ovate-lanceolate, acute ; pedicels 2 lin. long; fruiting calyx 3 lin.

long; flowering calyx 1} lin. long, campanulate; upper tooth

broadly ovate, acute ; other 4 teeth lanceolate, 2 lower the longest ;

corolla white (Wood) ; tube 24 lin. long, nearly straight ; upper lip-

1 lin. long, 4-lobed and with crenate margins, 2 terminal lobes.

obovate, lateral lobes oblong rounded ; lower lip as long as the

upper; nutlets ? lin. long and broad, subglobose, dark brown,.

almost black.

Eastern Recion : Natal ; Umzinyati Falls, Wood, 1223! and without precise:

locahty, Cooper, 3106 ! Originally described from a plant raised at Kew from seeds

sent from Natal by Mr. Vanse.

28. P. Galpinii (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 393); a tall

branched undershrub, 2-3 ft. high (Schlechter), 9 ft. high (Nelson) ;

branches obtusely quadrangular, puberulous ; leaves 34-7 in. long,

2}-6 in. broad, broadly ovate, acuminate, with irregularly crenate-

dentate margins, more or less puberulous, truncate or subcordate

at the base ; petioles 1—1} in. long, subtomentose with rufous hairs ;

inflorescence a branched panicle consisting of several long lax

racemes, terminal one sometimes reaching 10 in. long; verticils.

about 6-flowered, not pedunculate; bracts 1-14 lin. long, ovate,

cuspidately acuminate ; pedicels 2 lin. long, filiform ; fruiting calyx

3} lin. long, curved, glabrous; flowering calyx 2 lin. long, cam-

panulate, pubescent ; upper tooth 3 lin. long, broadly ovate, acute ;

4 other teeth lanceolate, 2 lower twice as long as the lateral ones ;

corolla purple (Schlechter) ; tube 2} lin. long, not deflexed, gibbously

enlarged above the base on the upper, straight on the lower side ;

upper lip 2} lin. long, 2-lobed at the apex by a triangular notch ;

Plectranthus. | LABIAT (Cooke). 283

lower lip 2 lin. long ; stamens much exserted ; nutlets } lin. long,

4 lin. broad, globosely ovoid, dark brown (almost black), smooth.

KALAHARI REGION: Transvaal; near Barberton in wooded ravines, 3000-4000 ft.,

Galpin, 939! Houtbosch Berg, Nelson, 431 !

29. P. Peglere (T. Cooke in Kew Bulletin, 1909, 378); a

tall plant; stems erect, nearly glabrous, purplish, grooved,

finely striate; leaves 3-8 in. long, reaching 4 in. broad,

broadly ovate, acuminate, coarsely and irregularly serrate,

glabrous or nearly so above, pubescent on the nerves and closely

gland-dotted beneath, base cuneate; petioles 1-3 in. long,

purplish, glabrous or pubescent; inflorescence reaching 1 ft. or

more long, the racemes simple or laxly paniculate; flowers

purple ; verticils 6-flowered, 1-2 in. apart, not pedunculate ; bracts

14 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate ; pedicels reaching 4 lin. long, filiform ;

fruiting calyx 4} lin. long, curved, glabrous or nearly so; upper

tooth 3 lin. long, ovate, obtuse ; other 4 teeth subulate, 2 lower

nearly twice as long as the lateral ; corolla about 5 lin. long ; tube

short, enlarged and funnel-shaped above ; lower lip about 24 lin.

long ; stamens exserted; nutlets 1 lin. long, { lin. broad at the

base, ovoid, dark yellow.

Eastern Region; Transkei; Kentani, Miss Pegler, 377! Natal or Zululand,

Gerrard, 1235!

30. P. natalensis (Guerke in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 552) ; erect ;

stems glabrous or nearly so, obtusely quadrangular, grooved, often

purple when young ; leaves 14-4 in. long, 3-2 in. broad, elliptic-

lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, sharply serrate, pubescent

or nearly glabrous and with purple nerves and veins below when

young, cuneate at the base; petioles 1-1} in. long, pubescent or

nearly glabrous, articulated at the base and leaving after falling a

large conspicuous scar on the stem ; inflorescence a simple raceme

(rarely a branched panicle) ; verticils 4—6-flowered, 3—5 lin. apart,

not pedunculate ; bracts 14-2 lin. long, lanceolate, acuminate ;

pedicels reaching 3 lin. long ; fruiting calyx 4 lin. long ; flowering

calyx reaching 2} lin. long, very oblique, coloured, thinly mem-

branous ; upper tooth 1 lin. long, ovate, subobtuse, purple ; lateral

teeth 1 lin. long, deltoid-ovate, acuminate ; 2 lower teeth 1# lin.

long, lanceolate-subulate ; corolla rather more than } in. long,

glabrous; tube 24 lin. long over all, lower narrow portion very

short (about } lin. long), upper slightly enlarged part of the tube

3 lin. long, nearly straight, rather broader below than at the mouth,

obtusely saccate, the saccate base appearing like a rounded spur

4 lin. long on the upper side of the tube; upper lip 3 lin. long,

21 lin, broad, obovate-oblong, rounded and slightly lobed at the

apex; lower lip 3 lin. long, 1} lin. deep, boat-shaped, obtuse ;

stamens exserted, the longer pair 5}, the shorter 4 lin. long ; style

reaching to the level of the shorter stamens ; nutlets } lin, long

and nearly as broad at the base, ovoid, smooth, brown.

284 LABIATA! (Cooke). [ Plectranthus.

Eastern Recion: Griqualand East; Zuurberg Range, Tyson, 1764! near

Kokstad, 5200 ft., Tyson, 1793! Natal; Camperdown, Rehmann, 7701! Inanda,

Wood, 558! Zululand; Entumeni, Wood, 3997 !

31. P. hirtus (Benth. Lab. 38); procumbent, hispid; leaves

3-1 in. long, 2—3 in. broad, ovate, obtuse, crenate, coarsely hispid,

cuneate at the base, thick; petioles 4-8 lin. long, densely hispid ;

inflorescence an elongate subsimple raceme reaching 6 in. long ;

verticils 6—-16-flowered, not pedunculate ; pedicels reaching 2 lin.

long, hairy ; bracts minute, deciduous; fruiting calyx 3 lin. long,

incurved, striate ; flowering calyx 14 lin. long, hairy, campanulate ;

upper tooth ovate, acute; other 4 teeth lanceolate, acute, 2 lower

longer and narrower than the lateral; corolla 4 in. long; tube

broad, 3 lin. long, deflexed at about the middle; upper lip 14 lin.

long, oblong, shallowly 2-lobed at the apex, lobes rounded ; lower

lip 3 lin. long; stamens exserted; nutlets globosely ovoid, }: in.

long and broad, smooth, yellowish brown. P. madagascarensis,

Benth. Lab. 37 (ewcl. syn.). Ocymum hirtum, Herb. Banks. ex

Benth. l.c. 38. 0. tomentosum, Thunb. Prodr. 96 et Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 448.

Coast Recton: Uitenhage Div. ; various localities, Drége! Prior! Schlechter,

2599! Port Elizabeth Div. ; Earn Cliff, 150 ft., Galpin, 6466! Bathurst Div. ; by

the Bushmans River, Zeyher, 898! 1359! Albany Div.; on the rocks of Zwart-

water Poort, Burchell, 3397 !

Katanart Recion: Orange River Colony and Transvaal, Burke! Transvaal ;

near Lydenburg,, Atherstone | ;

Eastern Recion: Transkei; around Kentani, Miss Pegler, 1516! Pondoland ;

between St. Johns River and Umsikaba River, Drége! Natal; near Durban,

Drége! Peddie! Krauss, 75! near Mooi River, Wood, 4444!

32. P. nummularius (Briq. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™ sér. iii.

1072); a procumbent herb; stems hairy with long slender hairs ;

leaves 1-1} in. long, as broad or sometimes broader than long,

with short stout hairs on both sides, obtuse, upper portion crenate,

truncate or shortly cuneate at the base; petiole 1 in. long, hairy ;

racemes reaching 4} in. long, rhachis pubescent; verticils about

6-flowered, not pedunculate ; bracts small, ovate, deciduous ;

pedicels 2 lin. long, pubescent ; flowering calyx 1 lin. long, hairy ;

upper tooth ovate, slightly more than 4 lin. long; 4 other teeth

lanceolate ; lateral teeth scarcely $ lin. long; lower teeth nearly

equal to or slightly longer than the lateral ; corolla pale purple

(Wood), 4 lin. long; tube 1} lin. long, deflexed below the middle

and slightly enlarged above ; upper lip 1 Jin. long and as broad as

long, pubescent and glandular, with 2 rounded strongly ciliate lobes

at the apex and 2 short rounded lateral lobes ; lower lip 2 lin. long,

} lin. deep, boat-shaped, separated from the upper lip by a broad

sinus; stamens included or scarcely exserted.

Eastern Recion : Natal; Camperdown, Rehmann, 7702 ! Zululand, Indulindi,

2000 ft., Wood, 3980! 3981!

Plectranthus. | LABIAT (Cooke). 285

33. P. neochilus (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1896, 394) ; an erect

branched undershrub ; stems obtusely quadrangular, hirsute with

fine whitish hairs; leaves subsessile or shortly petiolate, 14-17 in.

long, 3-1 in. broad, fleshy, elliptic or obovate, usually rounded at

the apex, hairy on both surfaces, cuneate at the base ; inflorescence

of elongate many-flowered spike-like racemes; verticils about

6-flowered, close; bracts submembranous, large, 4 lin. long and

broad, broadly ovate or suborbicular, with a long acumen, ciliate,

deciduous ; pedicels short, 1-2 lin. long ; fruiting calyx 3 lin. long ;

upper tooth 12 lin. long, broader than long, bluntly and shortly

acuminate, strongly nerved ; other 4 teeth lanceolate, acute, ciliate,

2 lower the longest; flowering calyx 1} lin. long, campanulate,

hairy ; corolla deep purple (Galpin) ; tube subcylindric, 3 lin. long,

deflexed about the middle ; upper lip erect, subquadrate, 1} lin. long,

4-lobed ; lower lip 4 lin. long, boat-shaped ; nutlets ? lin. long,

} lin. broad, globosely ovoid, smooth, dark brown.

Katauart Recion: Transvaal; Rimers Creek, near Barberton, 3000 ft.,

Galpin, 968 !

Eastern Recion : Natal; Gerrard, 1237! —

34. P. esculentus (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 12); root

tuberous, edible ; stems at first erect, then bending towards the

ground and branching, pubescent ; leaves sessile or nearly so, 13-3

in. long, }—Z in. broad, oblong, obtuse, minutely pubescent on both

sides, cuneately narrowed at the base ; racemes solitary or fasci-

culate, simple, 3-1 in. long, hairy; bracts 1 lin. long and broad,

opposite, elliptic, obtuse, scabrous ; pedicels 1-1} lin. long ; flowering

calyx 14-2 in. long, campanulate, scabrous with short stout hairs ;

upper tooth ovate, subotuse ; other 4 teeth lanceolate, acute, subequal ;

corolla yellow, 7 lin. long ; tube 3 lin. long, deflexed 1 lin. from the

base, portion above the deflexion funnel-shaped ; upper lip 2-23 lin.

long, obovate, 4-lobed, 2 terminal lobes made by a triangular notch

4 lin. deep at the apex, rounded ; lateral lobes small, oblong,

obtuse ; lower lip 34 lin. long, 1 lin. deep, boat-shaped, acute ; upper

pair of stamens 2 lin. long ; lower pair 3 lin. long ; style as long as

the lower stamens ; nutlets not seen. Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2488.

Eastern Recion : Natal; Wood, 3633 ! 5620!

The plant is known as ‘‘Umbondwe” or ‘‘Kafir Potato.” The Kafirs eat the

tubers. Cultivated specimens grown in the Botanic Gardens at Durban, at

Skinners Court, Pretoria, and at Kew, are the only examples that have been seen,

no wild specimens.

35. P. pachyphyllus (Guerke MS. in Bot. Mus. Univers. Ziirich) ;

a low plant about 6 in. high; stem stout, branched from the base

hairy ; leaves thick and fleshy, }—} in. long, nearly as broad as long,

shortly petiolate, obovate-oblong, cuneate at the base, shallowly

crenate, very densely hairy on both sides ; flowers in simple racemes ;

rhachis hairy; verticils about 6-flowered, rather distant in the

lower part of the raceme ; pedicels 1} lin. long, hairy ; flowering

calyx 1} lin. long, densely hairy ; tube very short ; upper tooth

286 LABIATA (Cooke). [ Plectranthus.

rather less than 1 lin. long, and as broad as long, broadly ovate,

ciliate ; lateral teeth shorter than the upper tooth, triangular ; lower

teeth as long as the upper, lanceolate, acute ; corolla 5 lin. long ;

tube narrow, deflexed about } lin. from the base, slightly funnel-

shaped upwards ; upper lip } lin. long, central lobe rounded, 2-fid,

lateral lobes less than } lin. long, oblong ; lower lip 2 lin. long, $ lin.

deep, boat-shaped, separated from the upper lip by a wide sinus,

pubescent near the apex outside ; stamens included.

EAsTERN Recion: Natal; Rehmann, 7878!

36. P. elegantulus (Briq. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér. iii. 1005) ;

a slender herb, 8-12 in. high; stems at the base ascending, more

or less branched, shortly crisply pilose or glandular-pilose ; leaves

small, scarcely 1 in. long, ? in. broad, ovate or deltoid-ovate, acute

or subacute, membranous, green, sparingly hairy or nearly glabrous,

crenate-serrate ; petioles $—} in. long; racemes 4-7 in. long ;

verticils 6—10-flowered, not pedunculate ; bracts small, deciduous ;

pedicels shortly hairy, unequal, 4 lin. long ; fruiting calyx } in. long,

tubular-ovoid ; flowering calyx $—} lin. long, broadly campanulate ;

upper tooth ovate, small, shortly acuminate, recurved ; 4 other

teeth lanceolate, acuminate, 2 lower the longest, teeth separated

each by a distinct sinus ; corolla-tube shortly cylindric at the base

for } lin., then suddenly enlarged for 2 lin. ; upper lip small, erect ;

lower lip 1 lin. long; stamens included ; nutlets 4 lin. long and

about as broad, ovoid, black, shining.

Eastern Recion : Natal; Karkloof, Rehmann, 7368 !

37. P. tomentosus (Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 229) ; suffruti-

cose ; stems stout, erect, tomentose or villous ; leaves 14-34 in. long,

14-3 in. broad, broadly ovate, obtuse, coarsely crenate, tomentosely

villous on both sides, rounded or cuneate at the base ; petioles $-14

in. long, tomentose ; inflorescence rarely a simple raceme, the racemes

usually forming a large panicle ; verticils 6-12-flowered, not pedun-

culate; bracts rhomboid, deciduous; pedicels 2-3 lin. long,

tomentose ; fruiting calyx 3-4 lin. long, hairy ; flowering calyx 13

lin. long, campanulate, hairy ; upper tooth 1 lin. long, 3 lin. broad,

ovate-oblong, obtuse, ciliate; other 4 teeth lanceolate, ciliate,

2 lower slightly longer than the lateral ; corolla 4 in. long or more,

purple ; tube 3 lin. long, deflexed about the middle, enlarged above ;

upper lip 14 lin. long, obovate, rounded at the apex, hairy ; lower

lip 3 lin. long, scarcely 1 lin. deep, boat-shaped, acute, hairy ; upper

pair of stamens 1} lin. long ; lower 2} lin. long ; style as long as the

upper stamens, equally 2-fid ; nutlets } lin. long and as broad as

long, compressed, smooth and shining, dark brown. Benth. in DC.

Prodr. xii. 67; Wood, Natal Pl. iv. t. 316.

Karanari Recion: Transvaal; Lydenburg, Wilms, 1125! Barberton, Thorncroft

in Herb. Wood, 4295 !

Eastrrn Recon: Natal ; various localities, Gerrard, 394! 1674! Wood, 488 !

3199 ! 4340! 4775! Sanderson, 126! 550! Krauss, 75! Drége, 4783! Grant!

Plectranthus. | LABIAT (Cooke). 287

38. P. Woodii (Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 76, by error Wodit) ;

stems 16-20 in. high, erect, branched, pubescent ; leaves 2-2} in.

in diam., suborbicular, irregularly coarsely crenate, pubescent on

both sides ; petioles ?-1 in. long; inflorescence laxly branched ;

verticils 3-1 in. apart, 12-16-flowered ; fruiting calyx 2-24 lin.

long, ovoid, puberulous ; upper and lower lips equal ; upper tooth

ovate, acute; 4 other teeth subequal, lanceolate-deltoid, acute,

lateral teeth slightly broader than the lower ; corolla 4 in. or more

long, purple; tube 3 lin. long, deflexed about the middle, enlarged

above ; nutlets small, shining, smooth, yellowish brown.

Eastern Recion: Natal; Ipolweni, in open ground, 3000-4000 ft., Wood ;

Pinetown, Rehmann, 8032!

Very similar to P. tomentosus, Benth., the chief differences being that P. tomen-

tosus has a much more compact inflorescence and darker seeds than P. Woodii,

39. P. dolichopodus (Brig. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér. iii.

1069) ; an erect more or less branched herb, 16 in. high or more ;

stems and branches shortly crisply hairy ; leaves 2 in. long, 13 in.

broad, membranous, glabrous or sparsely hairy, ovate, subacute,

base truncate or shortly cuneate ; petioles of the lower leaves reaching

24 in. long, pubescent ; racemes simple ; verticils 6—8-flowered, the

lower 5 lin. apart, not pedunculate ; bracts small, deciduous ; pedicels

2 lin. long, pubescent ; flowering calyx 1} lin. long, campanulate,

hairy ; upper tooth broadly ovate, acuminate, ciliate ; other 4 teeth

lanceolate, lateral } lin. long, 2 lower lin. long ; corolla externally

minutely puberulous ; tube cylindric at the base, straight portion

1 lin. long, then deflexed and enlarged into a funnel-shaped throat ;

upper lip }-1} lin. long ; lower lip 2 lin. long, 1 lin. deep.

Coast Recion : Komgha Div. ; in woods near Komgha, Flanagan, 740!

Eastern Recion: Natal; Karkloof, Rehmann, 7383 !

The unusually long petioles are remarkable. The type specimen (Lehmann,

7383) is very incomplete, having neither flowers nor fruit, while its leaves are

rather dilapidated. _

40. P. grallatus (Briq. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™* sér. iii. 1004); a

branched herb; branches ascending, crisply pilose, more or less

fistular ; leaves 2-3 in. long and nearly as broad as long, broadly

ovate, shortly acuminate, laxly crisply hairy on both sides, coarsely

crenate, truncate or subcordate at the base ; petioles 1}—2 in. long,

crisply hairy ; racemes 2—5 in. long; verticils 6-flowered, 3—Z in.

apart, not pedunculate; bracts minute, deciduous ; pedicels 4 lin.

long, much exceeding the calyx and as well as the rhachis minutely

shortly puberulous ; flowering calyx 1-1} lin. long, campanulate,

more or less hairy ; upper tooth less than # lin. long, ovate ; 4 other

teeth lanceolate, lateral ? lin., lower 1 lin. long; corolla shortly

puberulous externally ; tube } in. long, enlarged above ; upper lip 2 lin.

long, erect ; lower lip } in. long, 1 lin. deep, boat-shaped, separated

from the upper lip by a wide sinus ; stamens scarcely exserted.

Eastern Recton : Natal ; stony places near Mount Frere, 4500 ft., Schlechter,

6415!

288 LABIAT (Cooke). [ Plectranthus.

41. P. transvaalensis (Briq. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér. iii.

1005) ; herb about 16 in. high; stems erect, grooved, rufous-pubes-

cent; branches ascending; leaves 14-3} in. long, 1-3 in. broad,

rhomboid-ovate, acute, irregularly coarsely crenate, shortly hairy

above, rufous-pubescent on the nerves and gland-dotted beneath,

reticulately veined, base cuneate ; petioles }-14 in. long, pubescent ;

inflorescence a panicle reaching 7 in. long, formed of several

racemes ; rhachis pubescent ; verticils 4—6-flowered, not pedunculate,

3-3 lin. apart; bracts reaching 24 lin. long, lanceolate, acute ;

pedicels up to 3 lin. long, slender, pubescent ; flowering calyx 1} lin.

long, campanulate, hairy ; upper tooth ovate, obtuse, shorter than

the others ; other 4 teeth lanceolate-subulate, ciliate, 2 lower much

longer than the lateral, connate below; corolla pubescent and

glandular, 5 lin. long, whitish (Wood) ; tube 2—2? in. long, shortly

deflexed at } the way from the base ; upper lip 14 lin. long ; lower

lip 2-24 lin. long, 1 lin. deep, obtusely boat-shaped, separated from

the upper lip by a broad sinus ; stamens slightly exserted ; nutlets

not seen.

Katanart Recion: Orange River Colony ; Harrismith, 6500 ft., Sankey, 231 !

and without precise locality, Cooper, 994! Transvaal; Houtbosch, Rehmann,

6154!

EAsTERN REGION: Natal; South Downs, Weenen County, Wood, 4378 !

42. P. Draconis (Briq. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™ sér. iii. 1071) ; a

herb indurated at the base; stem suberect, densely pubescent ;

leaves (including petioles) reaching 1} in. long, obovate, cuneate,

running down into a pubescent petiole of which the junction with

the blade is obscure, numerous, deciduous, subobtuse at the apex,

thick, rugose, crenate, scabrous-pubescent on both sides with short

rigid hairs ; inflorescence in simple or rarely branching racemes

short or rather long ; verticils 6—10-flowered, distant, not peduncu-

late ; bracts small, deciduous ; pedicels 24 lin. long, densely pubes-

cent, unequal; fruiting calyx 2 lin. long, incurved, membranous,

strongly nerved, nerves scabrous with rigid hairs, ovoid-campanu-

late ; flowering calyx 1 lin. long, pubescent ; upper tooth broadly

ovate, nearly as broad as long; other 4 teeth lanceolate, acute,

ciliolate, 2 lower longer and narrower than the lateral; corolla

3 lin. long, purple (Wood), externally pubescent ; tube straight for

about } lin., then deflexed into a throat ? lin. long ; upper lip less

than 1 lin. long, pubescent, cleft at the apex into 2 deltoid ciliate

lobes, lateral lobes about } lin. long, oblong, obtuse ; lower lip 14 lin.

long, 4 lin. deep, boat-shaped ; stamens included ; nutlets } lin. long

and broad, subglobose, pale brown, smooth.

Eastern Region: Natal ; Biggarsberg, Rehmann, 7092 ex Briquet; in crevices

of flat rocks near Botha’s Hill Railway Station, Wood, 4574!

Closely allied to P. Thunbergii, from which it differs by the densely hairy leaves

and the calyces scabrous on the nerves.

Coleus. | LABIATA (Cooke). 289

VI. COLEUS, Lour.

Calyx ovoid-campanulate, usually declinate in fruit ; upper tooth

ovate, broader than the other 4; lateral teeth ovate-truncate or

narrow and acute ; 2 lower teeth acute, often connate beyond the

middle. Corolla usually purple or lilac ; tube much longer than the

calyx, usually deflexed about the middle; throat funnel-shaped ;

limb bilabiate; upper lip obtusely 3-4-lobed, the lower oblong,

deeply concave. Stamens 4, didynamous ; filaments shortly connate

into a tube above their insertion in the corolla-throat ; anther-cells

confluent. Disk produced into a gland on the lower side of the

ovary ; style equally 2-fid at the apex. Nutlets ovoid or subglobose,

smooth.

Annual or perennial herbs, shrubs or undershrubs; leaves various in shape,

sessile or petiolate ; inflorescence spicate, racemose or subpaniculate ; verticils

simple or in more or less developed opposite cymes ; bracts deflexed or deciduous,

or the uppermost sometimes coloured and comose.

Distris. Species about 150, extending through Tropical Africa, the Mascarene

Isles, India, China, the Malay Archipelago, Australia and Polynesia,

Leaves ovate, subcordate; bracts minute; flowerin

calyx # lin, long “te mee 5 via -» (1) Rehmaznii.

Leaves obovate, cuneate at the base; bracts large, 5 lin.

long, 4 lin. broad ; flowering calyx 14-2 lin. long (2) Pentheri.

1. C. Rehmannii (Briq. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér. iii. 1075) ;

an erect herb 1 ft. high with ascending crisply pilose dull green or

purple branches ; leaves scarcely reaching 1} in. long 1,°, in. broad,

ovate, shortly acuminate, with slightly cordate or subcordate base,

firm, more or less crisply pilose, dull green more or less reticulately

nerved, regularly crenate ; petioles crisply hairy, shorter in the

upper than in the lower leaves ; inflorescence a spike-like raceme

reaching 6 in. long; verticils 6-flowered ; bracts minute, deciduous ;

pedicels $14 lin. long ; flowering calyx minute, } lin. long, broadly

campanulate, shortly hairy ; fruiting calyx 2 lin. long, membranous,

nerved ; upper tooth rounded, 1 lin. long; lateral teeth rotund-

truncate, 4 lin. deep; 2 lower 1} lin. long, separated from the

lateral by a deep sinus, connate below; corolla small, externally

puberulous ; tube scarcely exserted ; upper lip erect, shortly 3-lobed,

lin. long ; lower lip 1} lin. long; staminal tube } lin. long ; nutlets

less than } lin. long, smooth, pale yellow.

Katanari Region: Transvaal ; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6156 ex Briquet.

2. C. Pentheri (Guerke in Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien,

xx. 48); stem herbaceous, 8 in. high, softly pubescent with long

white hairs ; leaves }-1} in. long, {—} in. broad, obovate, obtuse or

subacute, moderately thick, hairy on both sides, margins crenate,

base cuneate; petioles very short, hairy ; inflorescence a simple

spike-like raceme up to 5} in. long; rhachis densely pubescent,

VOL. V.—SECT. I. U

290 LABIATA (Cooke). | Coleus.

quadrangular ; verticils 4—6-flowered, not pedunculate, separated in

fruit 4—5 lin. in the lower, closer in the upper part of the raceme ;

bracts large, reaching as much as 5 lin. long (including the mucro),

4 lin. broad, broadly ovate, acute, with ciliate margins and a pur-

plish mucro reaching 1 lin. long; pedicels 2-2} lin. long, erect,

pubescent, drooping at the tip; flowering calyx 1}-2 lin. long,

campanulate, hairy ; upper tooth 1 lin. long and as broad or broader

than long, orbicular-ovate, very shortly acuminate ; 2 lateral teeth

deltoid, acute, ciliate, 3 lin. long; 2 lower teeth linear-lanceolate,

acute, slightly longer than the lateral ; fruiting calyx 2}—3 lin. long,

curved, densely villous in the throat within ; upper tooth shortly

acuminate, strongly nerved ; corolla purple (Wood), } in. long ; tube

23 lin, long, deflexed about the middle, slightly enlarged upwards ;

upper lip 1-2 lin. long, obovate, cuneate, 4-lobed ; lower lip 3} lin.

long, boat-shaped ; filaments connate below for 14 lin. ; upper pair

of filaments 3 lin. long ; lower pair 4 lin. long ; style longer than

the stamens; nutlets nearly 3 lin. long and broad, subglobosely

ovoid, smooth, brown-black, minutely punctate.

Coast Recton : Peddie Div. ; Breakfast Vley, Krook, 1716! East London Div. ;

near Kintza River mouth, 50 ft., Galpin, 6554! :

KaraHari Region: Transvaal; near Barberton, 3000 ft., Thorneroft, 109 !

Wood, 4295 ; near Lydenburg, Atherstone !

Eastern Recion: Natal; Byrne, Wood, 3199! Mooi River, 2000-3000 ift.,

Wood, 4340!

VII. PYCNOSTACHYS, Hook.

Calyx ovoid-campanulate, slightly accrescent in fruit; teeth 5

subulate, rigid, at length spreading, subspinescent. Corolla blue,

pink or violet; tube exserted, deflexed, enlarged in the throat ;

limb 2-lipped ; upper lip 4-toothed, shorter than the lower ; lower

entire, concave. Stamens 4, didynamous, declinate ; filaments free,

without teeth; anthers confluent, i-celled. Disk subequal. Style

very shortly 2-fid at the tip; lobes subulate, equal. Nutlets sub-

rotund, smooth.

Perennial erect herbs ; leaves opposite or whorled, broad or narrow, sessile or

petiolate ; flowers densely crowded into simple terminal spikes, sessile; bracts

shorter or longer than the calyx.

Distris. Species about 40, in Tropical and South Africa,

Leaves on long petioles, ovate a ae nae ... (1) urticifolia,

Leaves sessile or subsessile, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate :

Leaves usually broadly lanceolate, densely puberulous

on all the veins beneath; secondary veins

horizontal 3 Ubi ... (2) reticulata.

Leaves linear-lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate, very

minutely puberulous or subglabrous on the

primary veins beneath ; secondary veins obliquely

ascending ... os sae : ioe ... (3) purpurascens.

Pyenostachys. | LABIAT: (Cooke). 291

1. P. urticifolia (Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 5365); a much-branched

perennial herb 5-8 ft. high ; stems and branches obtusely quad-

-rangular, pubescent; leaves long-petioled, ovate, acute, crenate,

densely pubescent on both sides, rounded, truncate or shortly cuneate

at the base; petioles reaching 2 in. long, pubescent; flowers in

dense spikes growing out to 2-3 in. long, 14 in. in diam. (excl, the

corollas) ; bracts 2—3 lin, long, narrowly linear, slightly wider at

the top than the base, pubescent ; calyx reaching } in. long; tube

1 lin. long in flower, narrowly campanulate, pubescent, reaching in

fruit 2 lin, long, strongly nerved, curved, with 5 submembranous

processes which project above the mouth of the calyx alternating

with its teeth and close over its mouth ; teeth reaching nearly 5 lin.

long, becoming very rigid and spine-like in fruit, pubescent ; corolla

bright blue; tube sharply deflexed at about 2} lin. from its base

and narrowly cylindric (scarcely } lin. in diam.) above the deflexion,

much dilated to about 1? lin. broad for 2 lin. below it; upper lip

12 lin. long, cuneate-oblong, with 4 rounded apical lobes ; lower lip

3-34 lin. long, nearly 2 lin. deep, boat-shaped, with intruded apex,

pubescent outside; stamens not exserted beyond the lower lip,

upper pair 2 lin. long, lower 3 lin. long; style longer than the

stamens, shortly 2-fid. Guerke in Engl. Jahrb, xxii. 146 ; Baker in

Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 386.

SovutH Arrica: without locality, Mrs. Saunders, 3890 !

Katawart Reaion: near Barberton; Louws Spruit, 1200 ft., Bolus, 9745!

wooded ravines near Barberton, 3000 ft., Galpin, 943! Woodbush mountains,

Mrs. Barber, 4!

Also in Tropical Africa.

2. P. reticulata (Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 83) ; a perennial herb,

2-3 ft. high; stems obtusely quadrangular, more or less densely

pubescent, erect, simple or branched ; leaves sessile or nearly so,

oblong or oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, acute or subobtuse,

irregularly crenate-serrate, strongly nerved and reticulately veined,

pubescent above and densely so on the veins beneath, lower leaves

3-4 in. long, 4-1} in. broad, becoming shorter upwards ; flowers in

dense cylindric spikes 1-2 in. long, $—} in. in diam. (excl. the

corollas), forming a lax panicle ; bracts lanceolate, acute, 2} lin. long,

- pubescent ; calyx-tube in flower shortly pubescent ; teeth reaching

2 lin. long, linear-subulate, pubescent ; corolla pubescent outside ;

tube sharply deflexed about the middle, very narrow and straight

for 2 lin. below the deflexion, then much dilated for 2 lin, above it ;

upper lip 1} lin. long, 1 lin. broad, quadrate, 4-lobed ; lower lip

nearly 3 lin, long, 1} lin. deep, boat-shaped ; upper pair of stamens

21 lin. long ; lower pair 3 lin. long; style longer than the stamens,

shortly 2-fid.

Kabanart Reaion: Transvaal ; Woodbush, Rehmann, 6174!

Eastern Recron: Natal; near Durban, Drege! Krauss, 329! Wood in

MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm., 1016! Inanda, Wood, 59! and without: precise.

locality, Gerrard, 101! a

292° LABIATA (Cooke). [ Pycnostachys.

8. P. purpurascens (Briq.in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér. iii. 998) ;

a herb 2-3 ft. (or more ?) high ; stem simple and with only 1 flower-

spike or paniculately branched with 3 to several spikes, obtusely

4-angled or terete, with 6-8 ribs, thinly to densely adpressed-

puberulous with very minute reflexed hairs ; leaves opposite or 3 in

a whorl, ascending or spreading, 2—5 in. long, 4-1} in. broad, linear-

lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate, acute, tapering from below the

middle to the sessile base, serrate, some of the upper leaves nearly

entire, glabrous or thinly sprinkled with microscopic hairs on both

sides and more densely on the veins beneath ; secondary veins

obliquely ascending (not horizontal) ; flower-spike 1-3} in. long and

including the corollas 1-11 in. in diam. when dried; bracts

deflexed, 3-5 lin. long, linear-lanceolate and acuminate or linear-

subulate, ciliolate; calyx-tube } lin. long and cup-like when in

flower, elongating to 2 lin. long and gibbous on the lower side at the

base in fruit ; teeth 2—3 lin. long, spine-like, puberulous, with small

membranous lobules between them, closing the mouth of the tube

whilst the seeds are maturing, spreading outwards when they ripen ;

corolla abruptly bent at about the middle of the tube, thinly or

thickly puberulous outside on the upper part, pale pink or rosy-

purple (Tyson) ; tube 4—5 lin. long when measured along the bend,

very slender at the basal half, abruptly dilating to 1} lin. in vertical

diam. at the upper part; upper lip 1 lin. long, 3-toothed ; lower lip

2-21 lin. long, boat-shaped, curved ; nutlets }— lin. long, oblong or

elliptic-oblong, flattened on the back, keeled down the inner face,

smooth, at first pale brown, finally dark brown. P. Schlechteri,

Briq. le. 999. P. holophylla, Brig. lec. 1000. P. reticulata, var.

angustifolia, Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii, 83, as to description and

Burke’s specimen.

Kaanart Recion: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 1070! Transvaal ; Magalies-

berg Range, Burke, 111; Pilgrims Rest, Roe in Herb. Bolus, 2647 ! Aapies Poort

and River, near Pretoria, Rehmann, 4111! Miss Leendertz, 1108! Woodbush

mountains, Nelson, 438! near Johannesburg, Z.S.C.A. Herb. 347 (or 847 ?)! near

Barberton, Galpin, 1318! Thorncroft, 4844! Elandspruit Mountains, Schlechter,

3884! Witwatersrand, Mrs. Hutton, 878! near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1122! Spitzkop

Goldmine, Wilms, 1122b!

Eastern Recron: Griqualand East; by mountain streams near Clydesdale,

Tyson, 2753! and in MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm., 859! near Mount Frere,

Schlechter, 6406 !

The three specimens which Briquet has described as three distinct species have

been examined and dissected and found to be identical. Of the five characters

mentioned as distinguishing them—the purple colour is the result of sun-exposure ;

the closed or open mouth of the calyx and colour of the nutlets are conditions

varying with the maturing of the seeds, both forms of calyx and colours of nutlets

may be found on the same spike ; the size of the corolla, &Xc., is variable according

to the vigour of the specimen and other causes, as in most Labiate, and the

toothing and pubescence of the leaves is nearly the same in all. P. purpurascens is

very closely allied to P. reticulata, but is readily distinguished by its narrower and

more glabrous leaves, whilst the flowers are stated to be different in colour.

Geniosporum. | _ LABIATZ3 (Brown). 293

Vill. GENIOSPORUM, Wallich.

Calyx campanulate, 4—5-toothed ; tube elongating and cylindric

in fruit, with prominent transverse veins on the upper part ; teeth

variable ; in the 4-toothed species, with the 3 upper teeth sub-

equal and smaller than the lowest tooth, which is emarginate or

minutely bifid at the apex and inflexed and closes the tube in fruit ;

in the 5-toothed species, with the 3 upper larger than the other

2 or the teeth all subequal; dorsal tooth scarcely decurrent on

the tube. Corolla small, exserted, 2-lipped ; tube short ; upper lip

shortly 4-lobed; lower lip boat-shaped. Stamens 4, directed

towards the lower lip ; filaments all free, bearded, but neither toothed

nor crested near the base; anthers versatile, reniform, 1-celled.

Style filiform ; stigma bifid. Nutlets erect, oblong or ellipsoid.

Perennial herbs ; leaves opposite ; inflorescence terminal, spike-like, with the

whorls many-flowered, usually crowded ; flowers very small.

Distris. A small genus of 16 or 17 species, some undescribed, natives of India,

Madagascar, and Tropical Africa, one species extending into South Africa.

1. G. angolense (Briq. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 164); a perennial

herb ; stems 2-3 ft. high, simple or branched, obtusely 4- (rarely 6-)

angled, obscurely puberulous; leaves spreading ; petiole 2—5 lin.

long ; blade 1-24 in. long, 4—1 in. broad, lanceolate, acute, tapering

into the petiole at the base, serrate, subglabrous or with minute

scattered pubescence on both sides ; inflorescence dense, spike-like,

1}-5 in. long, of numerous many-tlowered crowded whorls, with

l or 2 pairs of ovate acuminate parti-coloured leafy bracts at its

base; pedicels about 1 lin. long, pubescent; calyx 1 lin. long,

becoming 2 lin. long in fruit, campanulate, 4-toothed, pubescent

outside, glabrous within ; teeth about 3 as long as the tube, 3 upper

ovate, acute, lower one ovate-oblong, obtuse, emarginate, or shortly

bidentate, inflexed and closing the mouth of the tube in the fruiting

stage ; corolla small, unequally 5-lobed, pubescent outside and in

the upper part within ; tube 14-14 lin. long, exceeding the calyx ;

4 upper lobes subequal, $ lin. long, flat, ovate, subacute ; lower

lobe about 14 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, boat-shaped, subacute and

recurved at the apex; stamens much exserted; filaments free,

bearded at the base, 2-24 lin. long; upper pair inserted just below

the middle of the tube, lower pair inserted just below the base of

the lower corolla-lobe ; nutlets } lin. long, ellipsoidal, slightly com-

pressed, obtuse, glabrous. Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 351.

Kaanari Reaion : Transvaal ; in the district of Lydenburg, Roe in Herb. Bolus,

2648! by the river near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1139! Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6173 !

marshy places in Umlomati Valley, near Barberton, 4000 ft., Galpin, 1317!

Thorncroft, 7214! near Mbabane, 4600 ft., Bolus, 12248 !

Also in Angola.

294 LABIAT (Cooke). | Holanthus.

IX. HOLANTHUS, Mart.

Calyx small, ovoid, campanulate or tubular, truncate or obscurely

2-labiate, finally circumscissile near the base, in fruit usually

accrescent, often contracted near the apex. Corolla-tube exserted,

straight or decurved, slightly dilated or not above ; limb 2-labiate ;

upper lip obtusely 4-toothed ; lower lip larger, concave, entire.

Stamens 4, didynamous, declinate ; filaments free, without teeth ;

anthers confluent, 1-celled, at length flattened. Disk glandular.

Style shortly 2-fid, with subulate arms. Nutlets rotundate or oblong

compressed, smooth.

Annual or perennial herbs or small shrubs ; leaves usually fleshy ; cymes form-

ing a laxly paniculate raceme, with sessile or very shortly pedicellate secund

flowers ; bracts small, caducous ; corolla lilac.

DistriB. Species about 50, the others in Tropical Africa.

Calyx } lin. long ; bracts minute ... oye ae ... (1) parvifolius.

Calyx 3-3 lin. long ; bracts large:

Le:ves suborbicular ; bracts broadly ovate, green... (2) canescens.

Leeves obovate-lanceolate ; bracts elliptic-lanceolate,

ren a. se pen ie ae ia ... (3) Rehmannii.

1. &. parvifolius (Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 80) ; an erect plant

reaching 14-2 ft. in height ; stems puberulous, more or less woody

below; leaves petiolate, 3-3 in. long, nearly as broad as long, sub-

fleshy, broadly ovate or suborbicular, obtuse, irregularly and shortly

toothed, glabrous or puberulous ; petiole nearly as long as the blade ;

flowers sessile or subsessile, in unilateral puberulous cymes race-

mosely arranged ; bracteoles minute ; calyx puberulous, } lin. long,

tubular-campanulate, 2-lipped ; upper lip 3-toothed, the lower sub-

truncate ; corolla externally puberulous ; tube 3 lin. long, curved,

slightly enlarged towards the mouth ; upper lip 1} lin. long, with

2 tolerably deep rounded apical lobes and 2 obtuse lateral ones ;

lower lip 2 lin. long ; longer pair of stamens 2 lin. long ; shorter

pair 14 lin. long ; anthers orbicular, flattened ; style as long as the

longer pair of stamens, shortly 2-fid.

Eastern Recon: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 518! 828! Gerrard, 1236! Pondo-

land ; between St. Johns River and Umsikaba River, Drége, 4765!

2. HB. canescens (Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 147) ; branched

undershrub 9-18 in. high; stems and branches softly pubescent or

puberulous ; leaves }—1 in. long and about as broad as long, subor-

bicular, obtuse or subacute, narrowed at the base into the petiole,

coarsely serrate, hoary-puberulous on both sides; cymes dense ;

flowers sessile ; bracts foliaceous, green, reaching 14 lin. long, ovate,

obtuse or subacute, pubescent on both sides, ciliolate ; calyx tubular,

truncate or obscurely toothed, pubescent, cireumscissile near the

base, leaving the lower portion as a persistent scutelliform disk, in

Holanthus. | LABIATA (Cooke). 295

flower 4 lin, long, in fruit reaching 1} lin. long ; corolla white or

lilac with purple spots (Wood); tube 1} lin. long, nearly straight,

not enlarged at the mouth; upper lip } lin. long, with 4 deep

rounded lobes; lower lip ? lin. long ; style as long as or slightly

longer than the stamens, slender, bifid at the tip, with reflexed

lobes ; seeds $ lin. long, oblong, slightly angular on the face,

rounded on the back, smooth, brown.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Burke! Zeyher, 1331!

CenTRAL ReGion: on the mountains near Graaff Reinet, 4400 ft. in clefts of

rocks, Bolus, 383! 1345!

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; Hooge Veld, Rehmann, 6856! Petersburg

District ; Houtbosch mountains, 5200 ft., Bolus, 10983! Dasport, Leendertz, 586 !

Johannesburg, Jeppes Town, Gilfillan !

EastErRN Recion: Natal; Drakensburg mountains near Van Reenens Pass, in

rocky places, Wood, 7187!

3. H. Rehmannii (Guerke in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. 819) ; suffru-

ticose, 15-16 in. high, trailing (Mudd) ; stems and branches pube-

rulous ; leaves petiolate, ovate-lanceolate, 7-12 lin. long, 6 lin.

broad, obtuse or subacute, subfleshy, irregularly crenate on the

margins, pubescent on both sides ; inflorescence lax, branches dark

red; bracts 1 lin. long, elliptic-lanceolate, subacute, usually dark

red and with ciliolate margins; calyx (flowering) ?} lin. long,

accrescent in fruit, tubular, puberulous, usually red, cireumscissile

near the base, leaving the lower portion as a scutelliform per-

sistent circular disk ; corolla-tube 24 lin. long, scarcely enlarged

towards the mouth; upper lip 1} lin. long; lower lip 1} lin.

long, oblong ; longer stamens 2} lin. long, shorter ones 1} lin.

long; style as long as the longer stamens, 2-fid at the tip with

reflexed lobes.

Katanart Recon: Transvaal; mountains around Houtbosch, 4700 ft., Bolus,

10938 ! Mac Mac, Mudd.

This differs from 4. canescens in the scantier pubescence, the shape of the

leaves which are almost orbicular in 4. canescens, in the lanceolate bracts and

the laxer inflorescence.

X. ENDOSTEMON, N. E. Br.

Calyx tubular-eampanulate, unequally 5-toothed; upper tooth

suborbicular, slightly decurrent on the tube; lateral and lower

teeth narrowly deltoid-attenuate or deltoid-subulate. Corolla small,

exserted from the calyx, straight or nearly so, slightly oblique at

the mouth, shortly 4-lobed, with the upper and lower lobes larger

than the lateral and subequal or the lower slightly the larger, all

flat or the lower one slightly concave, not 2-lipped. Stamens 4, in

2 pairs, inserted on the lower side of the corolla-tube and not

exserted from it ; filaments all free, straight and without a tooth at

the base, upcurved at the apex ; anthers imperfectly 1-celled, from

296 LABIATA (Brown). [ Endostemon.

the cells being almost confluent at their apex. Disk indistinctly or

but slightly lobed. Ovary 4-lobed to the base; style filiform,

abruptly enlarged at the base between the lobes of the ovary ;

stigma large, at first oblong-clavate and entire, bifid at maturity,

included in the corolla-tube. Nutlets oblong, 3-angled, truncate at

the apex.

A branching herb; leaves opposite ; racemes paniculately arranged, elongated,

with numerous flower-whorls ; flowers small.

Disrris, Species 1, also in Tropical Africa,

This plant differs so much in appearance and structure from Ocimum that I have

generically separated it, and would place the genus near Hyptis, to which it seems

much more nearly allied than to Ocimum.

1. E. obtusifolius (N. E. Br.); a branching herb 1-3} ft. high ;

stem and branches 4-angled, pilose-pubescent ; leaves spreading ;

petiole 14-5 lin. long ; blade 4-13 in. long, }—1 in. broad, elliptic or

ovate, obtuse or acute, serrate with small teeth, more or less

pubescent on both sides; racemes 3-6 in. long, with numerous

distant irregularly 3—8-flowered whorls ; bracts persistent, 1—2 lin.

long, ovate or lanceolate, acute, spreading, pubescent ; pedicels

unequal, 14-24 lin. long, spreading-pubescent ; calyx-tube i—1} lin.

long, larger in fruit, pubescent outside, glabrous within; upper

tooth 1-14 lin. long and broad, suborbicular, apiculate ; lateral

and lower teeth #—1 lin. long, deltoid-attenuate or deltoid-subulate ;

corolla puberulous outside, white, spotted with rosy (Wood) ; tube

about twice as long as the calyx-tube, 2-24 lin. long, straight or

nearly so, tubular-funnel-shaped, enlarging to 1 lin. in diam, at the

slightly oblique mouth; upper and lower Jobes subequal, }~1 lin.

long, 14-24 lin. broad, suborbicular or transversely oblong and

subtruncately rounded, entire or the upper slightly notched, lateral

lobes smaller and more rounded, all fiat or the lower one slightly

concave ; stamens inserted in the throat of the tube; upper pair

quite included ; lower pair just reaching to the mouth of the tube ;

filaments all pubescent, very short, those of the lower } lin. long ;

ovary glabrous or shortly pubescent at the apex of its lobes ; stigma

very thick and large in proportion to the size of the flower, included ;

nutlets oblong, 3-angled, truncate and glabrous or pubescent at the

apex, dark brown. Ocimum obtusifolium, E. Meyer, Comm. 227 ;

Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 205 ; Dietr. Syn. Pl. iii. 376 ; Benth. in

DC. Prodr, xii. 38 ; Schinz in Mém. Herb. Boiss. 10, 61. O. rari-

jlorum, Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 67 ; Krauss, Beitr. Fl. Cap- und Natal.

131. O. laxiflorwm, Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 348.

KataHari ReGion ; Transvaal ; common around Shilovane, Junod, 956 !

Eastern Reaion: Pondoland; near the Gwenyana River, 1000 ft., Bolus,

10259! Natal; between Umtentu River and Umzimkulu River, Drége! near

Durban, Drége ; among reeds by the Umlaas River, \Krauss, 8! Illovo, Wood,

6418! Delagoa Bay, Junod, 225 ex Schinz.

Also in Tropical Africa.

Hyptis.] LABIAT& (Cooke). ie

XI. HYPTIS, Jacq.

Calyx ovoid-campanulate or tubular, more or less accrescent in

fruit ; teeth 5, subequal, subulate. Corolla small ; tube cylindric

or slightly ventricose, equal or slightly enlarged in the throat ;

limb sub-bilabiate, 5-lobed; upper lobes flat, erect or spreading ;

lateral lobes usually similar ; lower lobe (lip) saccate, abruptly de-

flexed in flower, entire or emarginate. Stamens 4, didynamous,

declinate ; filaments free, without teeth ; anthers confluent, 1-celled.

Disk entire or swollen in front into a short gland. Style shortly

2-fid or entire at the tip. Nutlets ovoid or oblong, smooth or

punctate-rugulose, in a few species surrounded by a membranous

wing.

Annual or perennial herbs or shrubs ; inflorescence and habit polymorphous.

Disrrre. Species 250, all American, a few naturalised in the Old World,

1. H. pectinata (Poit. in Ann. Mus. Par. vii. 1806, 474, t.30); a

tall variable annual 4-8 ft. high ; stems erect, branched, pubescent,

subwoody at the base, obtusely quadrangular ; leaves (in the South

African specimens) 1-2 in. long, 4-1} in. broad, ovate, obtuse or

acute, shortly and sparsely hairy and green above, pallid and

tomentose below, margins irregularly crenate, base rounded or sub-

cordate ; petioles reaching 1 in. long, pubescent ; cymes racemosely

arranged, often forming a panicle, after flowering elongate, secund,

pectinate ; bracts 14 lin. long, setaceous, ciliate ; calyx (flowering)

1 lin. long, (fruiting) 2 lin. long, tubular ; tube pubescent, truncate

and hairy within at the mouth; teeth } lin. long, setaceous, pilose ;

corolla pale purple or yellowish ; tube scarcely reaching | lin. long,

straight, slightly enlarged towards the mouth ; stamens not exserted ;

style exserted, shortly 2-fid at the tip; nutlets $ lin. long, ovoid-

oblong, smooth, brown. Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 127 ; A. Rich.

Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 186 ; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v.448 ; Brig.

in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xxxvii. 61. Nepeta pectinata, Linn. Syst.

ed, x. 1097.

KabaHart REGION: Transvaal ; Barberton, Berea, 2900 ft., Thorncroft, 413 !

Eastern Recion : Natal, Gerrard, 405! and 1669! Cooper, 2985 ! Krauss, 330 !

TInanda, Wood, 524!

Also in Tropical Africa.

XII. HOSLUNDIA, Vahl.

Calyx small, subequally 5-toothed, becoming much enlarged and

fleshy when in fruit ; dorsal tooth scarcely larger than the rest, not

decurrent on the tube. Corolla very small, exceeding the calyx,

2-lipped ; upper lip 3-lobed ; lower lip concave, entire. Stamens 4;

upper pair reduced to staminodes, with very rudimentary anthers ;

lower pair fertile, with rather large reniform l-celled anthers. Disk

small, crenate. Ovary 4-partite; style filiform, incurved at the

298 LABIAT& (Brown). | Hoslundia.

apex; stigma minutely 2-lobed. Nutlets enclosed in the fleshy

calyx, dorsally compressed ; testa thick and slightly mucilaginous.

Herbs or small shrubs; leaves opposite or whorled; inflorescence terminal,

paniculate, with the primary branches simple or branched ; flowers small ; fruit

berry-like.

Distris. Species 3 or more, the others in Tropical Africa.

1, H. decumbens (Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 54); apparently a

tall herb; stems angular, velvety; leaves in whorls of 3 ; petiole

1-23 lin. long; blade 1-24 in. long, 5-13 lin. broad, lanceolate or

oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, cuneate at the base, serrulate

or crenate-dentate, minutely adpressed-pubescent above, minutely

subtomentose beneath ; panicle somewhat corymbose, with simple

raceme-like branches; whorls 2—3 lin. apart, 2—3-flowered ; bracts

3-2 lin. long, about } lin. broad, linear, acute, minutely pubescent,

persistent ; pedicels }#-2 lin. long, pubescent; flowering-calyx

somewhat ovoid-campanulate, shortly 5-toothed, pubescent and

densely covered with minute glands outside, glandular inside at the

upper part and pubescent on the teeth; teeth subequal, 4—} lin.

long, ovate or deltoid-ovate, subobtuse ; fruiting-calyx much enlarged,

becoming fleshy, subglobose, nearly closed at the mouth, } in. in

diam., orange-yellow ; corolla about 2} lin. long, exserted, glandular

outside on the upper part; tube 2 lin. long, straight, slightly

enlarging upwards ; upper lip erect, about 1 lin. long, with 4 small

unequal lobes, pubescent on the back ; lower lip ? lin. long, orbicular,

concave, obtuse ; stamens all free, inserted at the upper part of the

corolla-tube ; upper pair reduced to staminodes, with very rudimen-

tary anthers, included ; lower pair fertile, 1} lin. long, exserted ; style

stout in proportion to the flower, glabrous, exserted, incurved at the

apex ; stigma minutely 2-lobed, obtuse ; nutlets dorsally compressed,

orbicular in outline, 1-1} lin. in diam., brown. Briq. in Bull. Herb.

Boiss. 2” sér. iii. 661. H. verticillata, Brig. in Mém. Herb. Boiss.

x. 60, not of Vahl. H. opposita, Vahl, var. decumbens, Baker in Dyer,

Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 377.

Kaanari Recion: Transvaal ; Avoca, near Barberton, 1900 ft., Galpin, 1246!

Swazieland ; near Mafutane, 1500 ft., Bolus, 12251!

Eastern Recion: Delagoa Bay, Forbes! Matolla, Schlechter, 11695 !

Also in Tropical Africa,

This is easily distinguished from the other species by the pubescence on the

leaves and simple raceme-like branches of the panicle.

XIII. IBOZA, N. E. Br.

(Moscnosma, Auct., not of Reichb.)

Flowers very small, dicecious ; male larger than the female and

having an abortive ovary or style. Calya minute, similar in both

sexes, campanulate, 3-lobed to the middle, with the lateral lobes

Lboza.| LABIATA: (Brown). 299

minutely bifid or emarginate at the apex, or unequally or subequally

5-lobed, 5-nerved ; dorsal lobe ovate to suborbicular, not decurrent

on the tube, usually not or but slightly larger than the other lobes.

Corolla very small, similar in both sexes, but larger in the male ;

tube funnel-shaped ; limb subequally or unequally 5- (rarely 4-) lobed ;

lobes more or less spreading, flat or slightly concave, the lower slightly

larger than the others. Stamens in the male flower 4, free, separate,

not contiguous in pairs and apparently not all directed towards the

lower lobe, exserted; anthers reniform, dorsifixed, one-celled,

opening longitudinally and forming a peltate flattish disk or with

the margins recurved nearly or quite to the filament ; in the female

flower 0 or 4 and abortive. Disk unequally 4-lobed or minute.

Ovary 4-lobed, apparently perfect in the male flowers, but never

producing seed ; style not or but slightly exserted and subentire or

bifid at the apex in the male, much exserted, with linear or oblong-

linear spreading stigmas in the female. Nutlets erect, oblong or

ovoid and dorsally compressed, obtuse or acute.

Stout perennial herbs, sometimes (at least as to dried specimens) nearly leafless

at the time of flowering; leaves opposite, petiolate, ovate or cordate, toothed ;

flowers very small, in large terminal much-branched panicles, with the ultimate

branches laxly or densely spike-like (termed spikes in the descriptions) and the

separate whorls 6-flowered.

Distr1B. Species more than 12, the others in Tropical Africa.

The plants belonging to this genus have hitherto been referred to Moschosma,

but they differ entirely from that genus in habit, calyx and corolla, and in having

unisexual flowers, with the sexes on different plants. The small size and form of

the corolla and the arrangement and spread of the stamens is somewhat like that

ot Mentha, next which I consider this genus should be placed. The generic name

Tboza is that by which I. riparia is known to the Kaffirs.

The differential characters of the species, although in most cases readily

distinguishable to the eye, are not easily expressed in words, as many of them,

fey are very evident upon dissection, are such as cannot be used for purposes of

a key.

Leaves bullate-rugose above, densely tomentose beneath ;

male spikes long, dense ; calyx 5-lobed, tomentose (5) Barbere.

Leaves not rugose above; calyx 3-lobed, lateral lobes

acutely bifid or emarginate at the apex :

Male or falsely hermaphrodite flowers in dense spikes

1-3 in. long; hairs on the underside of the leaves

chorter than the thickness of the very prominent

veins on which they stand ... : a ... (4) brevispicata.

Male or falsely hermaphrodite flowers in somewhat lax

spikes 1-3 in. long, with the whorls distinctly

separated ; female spikes dense, 4-1in. long ; hairs

on the underside of the leaves longer than the

thickness of the veins on which they stand :

Underside of leaves thinly to thickly pubescent, but

the hairs not hiding the surface between the

veins :

Leaves (except sometimes on the panicle) notched

at the base; tertiary veins not prominent

beneath ; male flower-whorls 13-3, female

4-1 lin. apart ... a3 “ us ... (1) riparia.

300 LABIAT& (Brown), [Lboza.

Leaves broadly rounded (not notched) at the base ;

tertiary veins prominent beneath; male

flower-whorls 1-14 lin. apart, female crowded (2) Galpini.

Underside of leaves densely tomentose, the hairs

quite hiding the whole surface ; male flower-

whorls 3-1 lin. apart, female densely crowded (3) Bainesii.

1. I. riparia (N. E. Br.); a stout herb 24-5 ft. high; stems

obtusely 4-angled, branching above, puberulous, at least on the

upper part; leaves with a pubescent petiole 4-34 in. long and

blade 14-6 in. long, 1-5 in. broad, broadly ovate, notched (or some

on the panicle entire and rounded) at the base, acute or subacute at

the apex, coarsely and obtusely toothed, with the lower margin of

the teeth denticulate, not rugose and the tertiary veins not at all

prominent beneath, pubescent on both sides, with the hairs longer

than the thickness of the veins on which they stand and not hiding

the surface between them ; panicle 6-15 in. long, 4-8 in. in diam. ;

male spikes 1-3 in. long, 1—} in. in diam., lax, with the flower-

whorls 4—} in. apart ; bracts about 1 lin. long, 14-1} lin. broad,

very broadly triangular-ovate, subacute, concave, minutely pubescent,

ciliate ; pedicels 4 lin. long; calyx } lin. long, cup-like, 3-lobed

to the middle, puberulous; dorsal lobe elliptic or suborbicular,

obtuse; lateral Jobes elliptic-oblong, acutely bifid at the apex ;

corolla unequally 5- (or occasionally 4-) lobed, minutely and thinly

pubescent outside, white or pale-lilac ; tube about 1 lin. long, 3 lin.

in diam. at the oblique mouth, with a tuft of hairs near the base

inside ; lower lobe larger than the others, #-1 lin. long, oblong,

obtuse ; stamens 4, about ? lin. long, subequal, exserted ; ovary

4-lobed, abortive; style shortly bifid at the apex; female spikes.

3-1 in. long, } in. in diam., with flower-whorls somewhat crowded

or $1 lin. apart ; bracts }—3 lin. long, otherwise as in the male ;

pedicels as in the male; corolla very like that of the male but

smaller, 3—} lin. long ; stamens none ; ovary perfecting seeds ; styles

much exserted ; stigmas linear, spreading. Moschosma ripariwm,.

Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 67 ; Krauss, Beitr. FI. Cap- und Natal. 131 ;.

Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 49 ; Wood & Evans, Natal Pl. i. tt. 1 and 2 ;.

Gard. Chron. 1902, xxxi. 122, fig. 35, and 1904, xxxv. 30, fig. 13.

Katanarti Recton: Transvaal; near Shilovane, Junod, 538 ! Marovunye forest,

Junod, 1275!

EasteRN Recton : Natal ; banks of streams, Krauss, 331! Inanda, Wood, 141 !

near Durban, Wood in MacOwan «& Bolus, Herb. Norm. 1001! Tugela Valley,

Sutherland ! common throughout the colony, Gerrard, 1889 !

2. I. Galpini (N. E. Br.); a stout herb 3 ft. high; stems.

obtusely 4-angled, densely pubescent, slightly harsh to the touch ;

leaves absent from the flowering panicle; petiole 3-1 in. long ;

blade 13-3} in. long, 14-2} in. broad, ovate, obtuse or subacute,

broadly rounded at the base, coarsely toothed, not rugose, with

the tertiary veins distinctly prominent beneath, densely covered

with minute adpressed hairs above, shortly and thickly pubescent,

Iboza.| LABIAT& (Brown). 301

but the hairs not hiding the surface between the veins beneath ;

panicle 8-10 in. (or more?) long, about 6 in. broad in the male and

4 in. broad in the female plant, compact or the spikes somewhat

crowded ; male spikes 1-1? in. long, } in. in diam., with the flower-

whorls about 1 lin. apart; bracts very caducous, only a few of the

uppermost seen, about ? lin. long, ? lin. broad, broadly triangular-

ovate, acute, broadly cuneate at the base, puberulous on the back,

ciliate with rather long hairs ; pedicels minute, scarcely } lin, long ;

calyx } lin. long, 3-lobed to the middle or below, minutely pube-

rulous, ciliate; dorsal lobe ovate, obtuse ; ‘lateral lobes deltoid-

oblong, minutely and acutely 2-toothed at the apex; corolla

unequally 5-lobed, minutely and thinly pubescent outside, white ;

tube 3-4 lin. long, funnel-shaped, about 3 lin. in diam. at the

mouth ; lower lobe larger than the others, rather more than § lin.

long, oblong, very obtuse ; stamens 4, subequal, exserted, {-1 lin.

long ; ovary aborting ; style slightly exserted, minutely bifid at the

apex; female spikes 31-2 in. long, about } in. in diam., with

crowded flower-whorls; bracts more persistent than in the male,

3 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, broadly cordate, otherwise and as well as

the pedicels and calyx as in the male; corolla subequally 5-lobed ;

tube 1-1 lin. long, cylindric; lobes }-} lin. long; style much

exserted, about twice as long as the corolla-tube ; stigmas widely

spreading.

Katanart Reaion : Transvaal; on hill-sides near Barberton, 3000 ft., Galpin,

972 $ and ?!

3. I. Bainesii (N. E. Br.); a stout herb, probably 2-3 or more

ft. high, the panicle only seen ; stem subterete, softly pubescent or

somewhat tomentose ; lower leaves not seen, those on the panicle

with a petiole about 1 lin. long and blade 5-10 lin. long, 3}—5 lin.

broad, ovate, acute, cuneate or rounded at the base, coarsely toothed,

rather thick, not rugose, densely and somewhat harshly pubescent

above, densely tomentose with the hairs quite hiding the surface

between the veins beneath; panicle 6-15 in. long, 3}-6 in. in

diam., much branched, rather compact; male spikes 1-2 in. long,

3-31 lin. in diam., somewhat lax, with whorls 3—1 lin. apart;

female spikes }-} in. long, }-} in. in diam., with densely crowded

whorls ; bracts about 1 lin. long and nearly as broad in the male,

13-11 lin. long and 1 lin. broad in the female, triangular-ovate,

acute, slightly and broadly cordate at the base in the female, nearly

truncate in the male, concave, puberulous, ciliate ; pedicels scarcely

4 lin. long ; calyx in both sexes about } lin. long, 3-lobed to the

middle or below, rather densely pubescent; dorsal lobe ovate,

obtuse ; lateral lobes subquadrate-oblong, minutely 2-toothed or

emarginate at the apex; male flowers with the corolla unequally

5-lobed, puberulous outside and with a tuft of woolly hairs near the

base of the tube inside; tube 1}-1} lin. long, narrowly funnel-

shaped, about } lin. in diam. at the mouth ; lower lobe about twice

as long as the rest, } lin. long, oblong, obtuse ; stamens 4, slightly

302 LABIATA (Brown). | Lhoza.

exserted, nearly equal, about } lin. long; style slightly exserted,

very much thickened and curved or distorted at the apical part,

bifid at the apex, with the stigmas applied to each other ; female

flowers with the corolla very small, scarcely equalling the bracts ;

tube 4 lin. long, about 4 lin. in diam. at the mouth; lower lobe

about 4 lin. long, broadly ovate, otherwise as in the male; stamens

none; style much exserted, comparatively rather stout; stigmas

about 4 lin. long, rather stout, widely spreading.

Kaanari Recion: South African Gold Fields, Baines !

4. I. brevispicata (N. E. Br.); panicle of the male plant (the

only part seen) 9-13 in. long, 4-5 in. in diam., somewhat laxly

branched, very shortly and densely pubescent, nearly leafless when

in flower, the only leaves on the specimen seen being two of the

uppermost, 4 in. long, } in. broad, ovate, obtuse, rounded into a

short petiole, obtusely toothed, not or scarcely rugose above,

reticulated with very prominent veins beneath, puberulous on both

sides with hairs shorter than the thickness of the veins beneath ;

flowers crowded into dense spikes }—3 in. long and rather more than

4 in. thick ; bracts caducous, 3—-} lin. long, ¢-1 lin. broad, sessile,

broadly subcordate-ovate, acute, densely puberulous ; pedicels very

minute, not more than | lin. long; calyx rather less than } lin.

long, cup-like, 3-lobed, puberulous, ciliate, covered outside with

yellow glands; dorsal lobe broader than long, rounded, obtuse,

rather smaller than the shortly and acutely bifid lateral lobes ;

corolla unequally 5-lobed, puberulous outside, apparently rosy-purple ;

tube 2 lin. long, funnel-shaped, slightly curved ; lower lobe larger

than the rest, 2 lin. long, } lin. broad, oblong, obtusely rounded at

the apex; stamens 4, exserted; anthers dark violet ; ovary be-

coming abortive ; style bifid, with linear stigmas.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal ; among rocks, summit of nek on Wonderboom

Farm, near Pretoria, Burtt Davy, 1844 !

5. I. Barbere (N. E. Br.); stems erect, probably tall, terete,

very minutely puberulous, soft to the touch ; leaves very imperfectly

represented and not more than 3 in. long on the specimens seen

shortly petiolate, suborbicular or broadly ovate, coarsely toothed,

bullate-rugose and slightly scabrous above, densely tomentose

beneath ; male panicle composed of several spike-like branches

14-4 in. long, 35-4 lin. in diam., with densely crowded 6-flowered

whorls ; female plant not seen ; bracts 14—12 lin. long, 1} lin. broad,

triangular-ovate, acute, very broadly and shortly cuneate at the

base, densely pubescent or subtomentose on the back, ciliate with

rather long hairs; pedicels about } lin. long ; calyx nearly § lin.

long, 5-lobed to half-way down, tomentose, long-ciliate on the lobes ;

upper lobe broadly deltoid-ovate, obtuse; 4 lower lobes deltoid,

acute ; corolla unequally 5-lobed, tomentose outside ; tube 1} lin.

long, } lin. in diam. at the mouth, narrowly funnel-shaped ; lobes

Tboza.| LABIAT& (Brown). 303

spreading ; 4 upper }-} lin. long, ovate, obtuse ; lower lobe # lin.

long, } lin. broad, oblong, obtuse ; stamens very much exserted, all

inserted at about the same height at the mouth of the corolla-tube,

subequal ; filaments free, glabrous, 13 lin. long; style filiform,

glabrous, exserted ; stigma bifid, with erect lobes } lin. long ; female

flowers not seen. .

Katauart Rearon: Orange River Colony; without precise locality,

Mrs. Barber, 7 !

This differs from all the other South African species in its long dense-flowered

male spikes, and 5-lobed calyx.

XIV. MENTHA, Linn.

Calya tubular or campanulate, 10-13-nerved, 5-toothed, equal or

sub-bilabiate. Corolla-tube funnel-shaped ; limb 4-lobed ; lobes sub-

equal or the upper rather broader, entire or emarginate. Stamens 4,

subequal, erect, distant ; filaments free ; anthers 2-celled. Disk

equal, subentire. Style shortly 2-fid at the apex. Nutlets ovoid,

smooth.

Herbs with opposite, usually toothed leaves; flowers small ; verticils usually

many-flowered, aggregated in spike-like racemes or dispersed and axillary ; floral

leaves reduced to small bracts ; bracteoles usually small, minute or obsolete ;

stamens dimorphic.

DistRIB. Species variably estimated by various authors, probably between 20

and 30, distributed throughout the world, but more prevalent in temperate

regions.

Leaves sessile (except in longifolia, sub-sp. capensis, var.

salicina) ; verticils in spike-like racemes : wee

Base of calyx and pedicels hairy se ae ... (1) longifolia.

Base of calyx and pedicels glabrous... ae ... (2) viridis.

Leaves petiolate ; verticils approximate in a head ... (3) aquatica.

1. M. longifolia (Huds. Fl. Angl. ed. i. 1762, 221 ; leaves sessile

(except in var. salicina of subsp. capensis) ; and as wellas the base of

the calyx and pedicels hairy. M. sylvestris, Linn. Sp. Pl ed. i.

(1763) 804.

A very polymorphic plant of which Briquet makes no less than 160 varieties in

21 sub-species.

The name longifolia, Huds., is prior to that of sylvestris, Linn., and has been

adopted by Briquet.

Sussp. polyadena (Briq. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3a,

321) ; aherb reaching 20 in. high ; stem densely adpressedly retrorsely

pubescent on the angles ; internodes 14-1} in. long ; leaves lanceo-

late or narrowly ovate-lanceolate, acute, 14-2} in. long, 4-} in.

broad, green, quite glabrous and very glandular on both sides,

margins more or less revolute and with distant triangular teeth,

cordiform at the base; nerves simple, conspicuous below, deeply

impressed above ; inflorescence in spike-like racemes 1-24 in. long ;

304 LABIAT (Cooke). | Mentha.

verticils close, very shortly pedunculate ; bracts linear-lanceolate,

acute, 1 lin. long, more or less hairy ; pedicels 1 lin, long ; calyx

114 lin. long, tubular-campanulate, 10-nerved, densely pubescent ;

teeth 4-} lin. long, subulate from a triangular base and sepa-

rated by a rather wide sinus; corolla 2 lin, long; lobes about

3 lin. long, upper lobe suborbicular, emarginate, the others narrowly

elliptic, obtuse. M. silvestris, subsp. polyadena, Brig. Fragm. Monogr.

Lab. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Grenév. v. 84.

Katanart Region: Transvaal; near Pretoria, Wilms, 1142! Miss Leendertz,

420! along the Aapies River, Burtt Davy, 1077! 2

Supsp. capensis (Briq. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3a,

321); whole plant 16-24 in. high; stem pubescent, branched

above; branches erect; leaves subtriangular, acute, broadest

and more or less cordate at the base, sessile or subsessile, entire

or rarely toothed, reaching 3 in. long, } in. broad, densely

adpressedly pubescent above, white-tomentose beneath; nerves

impressed on the upper surface rendering it rugose, prominent on

the lower ; flowers hermaphrodite, mauve (Galpin) ; racemes spike-

like, 1-3 in. long ; verticils close above, often more or less distant

in the lower part of the raceme; bracts linear-subulate ; pedicels

very short, retrorsely pilose; calyx 5 in. long, hairy with

forward-pointing hairs; teeth } lin. long, triangular, hairy ; upper

tooth broader than the others, emarginate ; lower teeth subequal,

oblong, rounded at the apex; corolla externally pubescent, about

1 lin. longer than the calyx. M. capensis, Thunb. Prodr. 95;

subsp. capensis, Brig. Fragm. Monogr. Lab. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Genév.

v. 75.

Coast Reaton: Cape Div.; kloof on the west slope of Lions Head, Wolley

Dod, 23371 Swellendam Div.; near Swellendam, Pappe! Uitenhage Div. ; by

the Witte River, near Enon, Drége, 4766c! Albany Div., Bowker ! Queenstown

nada near Shiloh, Baur, 53! 946! watercourses on the Andriesberg, Galpin,

CentTRAL Raion: Ceres Div.; Prince Alfred, Schlechter, 9985! Somerset

Div. ; Somerset East, Bowker, 97! by streams at the foot of the Bosch Berg,

MacOwan, 225! Graaff Reinet Div. ; Compass Berg, Shaw! Aliwal North Div. ;

Witteberg Range, Drége, 4766a! Colesberg, Shaw !

WESTERN ReGion : Namaqualand, Wyley !

Katanari Recion: Griqualand West ; Ongeluk, Burchell, 2645 !

Eastern Recion: Griqualand East ; Vaal Bank, Wood, 4198 !

Var. a, salicina (Briq. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3a, 321); leaves

distinctly petiolate, narrow. Mentha salicina, Benth. Lab. 170, and in DU. Prodr.

xii. 168.

CrentraL Recion: Sutherland Div. ; by the great Riet River, Burchell, 1372!

Var. B, Cooperi (Briq. mss. in Herb. Kew.) ; leaves sessile; densely tomentose

beneath ; nervation not very prominent beneath ; lower verticils as much as ? in.

apart ; spike-like racemes reaching 6 in. long.

Coast Reaton: Fort Beaufort Div., Cooper, 555!

Var. y, obseuriceps (Briq. Fragm. Monog. Lab. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. 695) ;

leaves sessile, lanceolate, with straight margins; nervation simply pinnate,

prominent beneath ; marginal teeth small, distant ; verticils close ; calyx-teeth

4 in. long.

Mentha. | LABIATH (Cooke). 305

Souta AFrica : without locality, Drége !

Var. 5, doratophylla (Brig. Fragm. Monog. Lab. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii, 695) ;

leaves sessile, heteromorphous, the upper and middle narrowly long-lanceolate,

more or less sword-shaped, with marginal teeth } lin. long, the lower leaves sub-

triangular, broad at the base, with subentire margins; nervation somewhat

obscure ; verticils congested ; calyx-teeth 4 lin. long.

Sours Arrica: without locality, Mund & Maire in Berlin Herb. ex Briquet.

2. M. viridis (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 804) ; stems erect, quadrangular,

glabrous or nearly so ; leaves 1-2? in. long, 3-} in. broad, lanceolate

or ovate-lanceolate, sessile or subsessile, with serrate margins,

glabrous on both sides, strongly nerved beneath, green on both

surfaces ; floral leaves bract-like ; inflorescence in spike-like panicu-

lately arranged racemes 2-3 in. long; verticils many-flowered,

scarcely pedunculate, usually closely packed upwards, more or less

distant towards the base of the racemes; pedicels 4 lin. long,

glabrous ; bracts reaching 14-14 lin. long, linear-lanceolate, acute,

glabrous or nearly so; calyx 1-1} lin. long, tubular, glabrous ;

teeth nearly 4 lin. long, subulate from a triangular base; corolla

nearly 2 lin. long; tube cylindric, about 1 lin. long; upper lobe

suborbicular, scarcely broader than the lower; other 3 lobes

broadly ovate-oblong, obtuse; stamens much exserted; nutlets

rather more than } lin. long, oblong, rounded at the apex, smooth,

dark brown. JM. spicata, var. viridis, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 576.

M. spicata, Huds. Fl. Angl. ed, i, 221.

Coast Recton; Mossel Bay Div. ; dry channel of an arm of the Gauritz River,

Burchell, 6457! Humansdorp Div. ; between Melk River and Gamtvoos River,

Burchell, 4798 !

Differs from M. longifolia, Huds., by its glabrous calyx and pedicels.

Widely distributed through cultivation.

3. M. aquatica (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 805); stems usually erect,

branched, more or less villous or hairy, at least on the angles ;

leaves very variable in shape, }-14 in. long, broadly ovate or more

rarely ovate-lanceolate, sometimes almost orbicular, always petiolate,

serrate, hairy on both sides (rarely subglabrous), with rounded or

subcordate base; petioles variable in length, hairy ; inflorescence

capitate, subglobose or oblong ; verticils crowded ; pedicels reaching

1} lin. long, pubescent or hairy ; bracts up to 1? lin. long, linear-

lanceolate, acute; calyx about 2 lin. long, tubular, 13-nerved,

hairy ; tube about 1} lin. long; teeth subulate from a deltoid base ;

corolla 24 lin. long, pink or purple ; lobes about as long as the tube,

upper lobe oblong, emarginate, other lobes narrower, oblong, obtuse ;

stamens much exserted. Benth. Lab. 176.

Coast Reaton : Cape Diy. ; Muizenberg Vley, Wolley Dod, 999! Paarl Div. ;

near the Berg River, Drege! Knysna Div. ; hills near Knysna, Burchell, 5450!

Port Elizabeth Div. ; around Krakakamma, Burchell, 4545! Queenstown Div. ;

upper Zwartkei River, Galpin, 2680 !

VOL. V.—SECT. I. a

306 LABIAT (Cooke). [ Mentha.

Katanari Recion: Griqualand West ; at Griqua Town, Burchell, 1930! Upper

Campbell, Burchell, 1830! Orange River Colony, Cooper, 2885! Transvaal,

Mrs. Stainbank, 3637 !

Eastern Recion: Transkei; Kentani, Miss Pegler, 394! Griqualand East ;

by streams about Clydesdale, 7'yson, 2881! on the banks of streams, Zuurberg

Range, Tyson, 1721! Natal; Mohlamba Range, 5000-6000 ft., Sutherland !

Umzinati River, above the falls, 1000 ft., Wood, 1301! and without precise

locality, Gerrard, 1231! Cooper, 2884!

Widely distributed through cultivation.

XV. MICROMERIA, Benth.

Calyx tubular or tubular-campanulate, 13—15-nerved ; teeth sub-

equal. Corolla-tube straight, shorter than the calyx or exserted ;

limb short, 2-lipped; upper lip erect, nearly flat, entire or

emarginate ; lower lip spreading, 3-lobed. Stamens 4, didynamous

(lower pair the longer), ascending, arcuate-connivent at the apex,

shorter than the corolla or less frequently exserted and divaricate

at the apex; anthers 2-celled ; cells distinct, parallel, divergent or

divaricate. Disk equal or reduced to an anticous gland. Style

bifid at the apex ; lobes equal or the upper smaller than the lower.

Nutlets ovoid or oblong, smooth.

Herbs or undershrubs; leaves usually small, entire or toothed ; whorls of

flowers axillary or crowded in a terminal spicate panicle ; flowers usually small.

Distris. Species about 60, widely spread in both hemispheres.

Leaves entire, 2-4 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad ; flowers

usually in few- to many-flowered cymes; calyx

tubular We (1) biflora.

Leaves toothed, 6-8 lin. long, 5-6 lin. broad ; flowers

solitary ; calyx tubular-campanulate a ... (2) pilosa.

1. M. biflora (Benth. Lab. 378); a small tufted undershrub,

pubescent, much-branched ; stems ascending, slender, 3-12 in. long,

densely leafy ; leaves very shortly petiolate, elliptic to ovate-

lanceolate, 2—4 lin. long, 1-24 lin. broad, acute or somewhat obtuse,

entire, flat or revolute, covered on the underside with yellowish

sessile glands, fragrant; flowers solitary or usually in few- or

several-flowered cymes; cymes subsessile or shortly pedunculate ;

bracts linear-subulate, 3 lin. long; calyx tubular, 1 lin. long,

prominently 15-ribbed, covered with fine spreading hairs ; teeth

triangular-subulate, scarcely } lin. long ; corolla white, 24-3 lin.

long, pubescent outside; upper lip } lin. long, }-1 lin. broad,

emarginate ; lower lip 3-1} lin. long, 14-2 lin. broad ; lobes rounded,

emarginate, DQ. Prodr. xii. 220; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr.

v. 452; S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1903, 406; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.

iv. 650. M. ovata, Benth. Lab. 377, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 219.

Satureia Biflora Brig. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3A,

299.

Micromeria. | LABIAT (Skan). 307

Coast REGION : Queenstown Div. ; foot of the Winter Berg Mountains, near

the source of the Konap River, Mrs. Barber, 121!

KALaHari REGION: Transvaal ; around Johannesburg, Rand, 881.

EasteRN Region: Tembuland ; St. Augustine, Bazeia and Shawbury, 1800-

2000 ft., Bawr, 220! Griqualand East; Mt. Malowe, near Clydesdale, 4000 ft.,

Tyson, 2129!

Also in Tropical Africa, Arabia, Afghanistan and India.

2. M. pilosa (Benth. in Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. ii. 1188); a

pilose herb; stems weak, prostrate, sparingly branched, 1-1} ft.

long ; leaves shortly petiolate, ovate, 6-8 lin. long, 5-6 lin. broad,

obtuse or somewhat acute, few-toothed, long-pilose on both sides

especially on the nerves, gland-dotted on the underside; petiole

about 1 lin. long; flowers solitary in the axils of the upper leaves ;

peduncles up to 34 lin. long, slender, bibracteate about the middle ;

calyx tubular-campanulate, 1} lin. long, 15-nerved (5 of the nerves

more distinct than the others), gland-dotted, pilose ; teeth deltoid

to triangular-lanceolate, 3 lin. long, acute or subacute ; corolla 4—5

lin. long, pilose inside on the lower side ; upper lip 1} lin. long and

broad, emarginate ; lower lip 23 lin. long and broad ; lobes rounded,

the median larger than the lateral. Oliv. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1522.

Katanarti Recon: Orange Rivet Colony, Cooper, 2903 ! :

Eastern Recon: Pondoland ; Fakus Territory, Sutherland! Natal ; hills above

Byrne, Wood, 3172!

XVI. SALVIA, Linn.

Calyx ovoid, tubular or campanulate, 2-lipped ; upper lip entire or

3-toothed ; lower lip bifid. Corolla-tube included or exserted, equal,

ventricose or enlarged above, naked or annular-pilose inside ; limb

2-lipped; upper lip erect or falcate, usually concave, entire or

emarginate ; lower lip spreading, 3-lobed. Stamens 2, anticous,

arcuate ; filaments short ; connective jointed to the filament, linear,

elongated, the upper part ascending and bearing an oblong or linear

perfect anther-cell, the lower deflexed or horizontal, bearing a smaller

polliniferous or empty anther-cell, or quite naked ; staminodes 2,

posticous, very small, or wanting. Disk usually more prominent on

the lower side. Style shortly 2-fid at the apex. Nutlets ovoid-

triquetrous or somewhat compressed, smooth.

Herbs, undershrubs or shrubs ; leaves entire, toothed or more or less deeply

lobed ; bracts small or large, rarely similar to the upper leaves; whorls 2- to

many-flowered, in spikes, racemes or panicles ; flowers variously coloured, large

and showy or sometimes small and inconspicuous.

Disrris. Species about 700, widely dispersed in the temperate and tropical

regions of both hemispheres.

S. acetabulosa, Linn., 8. dithiopis, Linn., S. pratensis, Linn., S. Sclarea, Linn.,

and 8. verticillata, Linn., are enumerated in Burm. f. Fl. Cap. Prodr. 1, but we

have seen no South African material of them. They are natives of Europe, some

of them extending into North Africa and the Orient. S. thiopis is described as

growing on sand dunes around Cape Town by Thunberg (Fl. Cap. ed. 452);

308 LABIAT (Skan). [ Salvia.

it isa stout herb covered with a white wool, having cordate-amplexicaul stem-leaves,

large spinescent bracts and yellow flowers.

S. coccinea, Juss. ex Murr. Comm. Gotting. i. (1778) 86, t. 1, and Linn. f.

Suppl. 88, is a native of Tropical America, and has been introduced into many

warm countries. Specimens collected by Mund in South Africa and by Burtt-

Davy (no. 2724) from Swaziland, ‘‘an escape,” are in the Kew Herbarium ; it has

a herbaceous canescent-puberulous stem, ovate petiolate acute crenate leaves, a

striate calyx with short broad acute teeth, and a bright red long-exserted corolla.

S. pseudococcinea, Jacq +(S. coccinea, var. pseudococcinea, Gray), also a Tropical

American plant, and differing from S. coccinea chiefly by having conspicuously

hirsute stems, is recorded from Natal (Guerke in Ann. Hofmus. Wien, xx. 47), and

recently Burtt-Davy has sent a specimen (no. 3005) from Bremmersdorp,

Swaziland, collected near an old house.

S. patens, Cav., a Mexican species with tuberous roots, ovate-deltoid leaves often

hastate at the base, and very large bright blue flowers, has been collected in Natal

and sent to Kew by Mr. A. Hislop. He believed it to be wild in Natal.

Horminum foliosum, Burm. f. Fl. Cap. Prodr. 16 (without description), is

unknown.

*Shrubs ; calyx usually much accrescent ; corolla-tube

annular-pilose :

+Bracts persistent :

{Branches and leaves pubescent but not canescent :

Leaves ovate or ovate-deltoid, rounded to

‘eordate at the base; calyx distinctly

2-lipped ; upper lip minutely 3-toothed ;

lower lip with 2 ovate acuminate lobes :

Leaf-blade 6-12 lin. long ; upper lip of calyx

truncate, recurved :

Leaf-blade 6-8 lin. long ; branches glandular-

pubescent ; upper lip of corolla 7-8 lin.

long se as ... (1) garipensis.

Leaf-blade 12 lin. long; branches curled-

a upper lip of corolla 4—44 lin.

ong oa ee Was ne ... (2) Dinteri.

Leaf-blade 24-5 lin. long ; upper lip of calyx 3

not truncate nor recurved is ... (8) Steingroeveri.

Leaves obovate-oblong, narrowed to the base ;

calyx less distinctly 2-lipped, with 4 short

broad apiculate lobes ses eee wee (10) undulata.

{Branches and leaves canescent :

Corolla golden-yellow or ferruginous, 1}-2 in.

- long ; upper lip often 8-15 lin. long ... (5) aurea.

Corolla purple, violet or blue, 8-12 lin. long ;

upper lip 4-6 lin. long :

Calyx densely covered with long hairs ; lobes

apiculate or acute... ... ... ++» (8) africana.

Calyx shortly hairy ; lobes rounded... ... (9) dentata.

+tBracts soon deciduous :

Calyx distinctly accrescent; lobes broad and

rounded : :

Leaves orbicular, 14-1 in. broad, thin ... (4) eckloniana.

Leaves oblong-lanceolate to ovate, up to 7 lin.

broad, rather thick :

Corolla about 14 in. long; upper lip 8-9 lin. 2

long.) ocd) ae a age een eee See

Salvia. | LABIATA (Skan). 309

Corolla about 1 in. long 5 Soa lip about

6 lin. long... ... (7) hastefolia.

Calyx scarcely abdredoant : Whes of the Linke lip

acuminate ;

Plant viscid ; ois te i hairy; hairs

rather short . . (11) paniculata.

Plant not viscid ; cealys densely hairy ; hairs

long, whitish .. a .. (12) albicaulis.

**Herbs ; calyx not or jaf’ slightly ene upper

lip with 3 very short connivent teeth ; corolla-tube

not annular-pilose :

Corolla 8-10 lin. long :

Branches and leaves softly pubescent ... . (13) rugosa.

Branches and underside of the leaves shortly

whitish-tomentose i nae i . (14) Radula,

Corolla 2-6 lin. long :

Leaves toothed or sometimes shortly lobed ; calyx

not densely hairy at the mouth wes . (15) disermas.

Leaves often deeply lobed ; se de er white:

hairy at the mouth .... .. (16) clandestina, var.

***Herbs or rarely shrubs; calyx not or ohay slightly angustifolia.

accrescent ; upper lip finally more or less truncate,

with 3 usually small acute teeth having broad

sinuses between them; corolla annular-pilose or not :

tLeaves with an ovate-triangular, ovate-suborbicular,

elliptic or ovate blade or terminal lobe, some-

times auriculate at the base, sometimes lyrate ;

lateral lobes when present ‘few, usually 1 or 2

» very much smaller than the terminal

lobe ; corolla-tube usually narrow in proportion

to its length, often much exserted, not annular-

pilose (rather broad and imperfectly annular-

pilose in S. Peglerx) :

Branches and leaves glabrous or with a few rather

long hairs chiefly on the petioles... . (23) obtusata.

Branches (and usually the leaves) more or lees

covered with hairs, or in S. lasiostachys the

branches are scabrous with the callous bases

of hairs :

Whorls very densely flowered (up to 24-flowered

or more); terminal lobe of the leaves

usually distinctly triangular and acute... (17) Tysonii.

Whorls few- to about 10-flowered ; leaf-blade < or

terminal lobe often rounded, sometimes

ovate, rarely acute :

Corolla 12-14 lin. long, more than twice

as long as the calyx tae . (18) seabra.

Corolla 5-9 lin. long, bagged not more than

twice as long as the calyx:

Branches scabrous with the callous bases of

scattered hairs ... 7 sas .. (24) lasiostachys.

Branches scarcely scabrous, often more or

less covered with short soft hairs :

Corolla-tube very slender, usually only

about } lin. broad at the middle,

not ventricose nor annular-pilose :

Leaves with an undivided blade or

terminal lobe ial to sli in, aged

and 2 in, broad . (20) aurita.

310 LABIATA (Skan). | Salvia.

Leaves with an undivided blade or

terminal lobe up to 1} in. long

and broad :

Leaves (excluding petiole) usually

more than 13 in. long, all

divided, usually with 2 pairs of

rather large lateral lobes and a

larger terminal lobe... ... (19) Galpinii.

Leaves (excluding petiole) usually

less than 1} in. long, undivided

or with 1-8 small lobes at the

base of a much larger terminal

lobe :

Plant puberulous ; leaves usually

with a terminal lobe and 1-3

smaller lateral lobes ; petiole

1-4 lin. long... tos .-. (21) pallidifolia.

Plant rather densely covered with

soft fine relatively long hairs ;

leaves often undivided ; petiole

up to 1 in. long eS ... (22) triangularis.

Corolla-tube rather broad, 1 lin. broad or

more at the middle, distinctly

ventricose, imperfectly annular-

pilose ... : Hes ae ... (83) Peglere.

+tLeaves more or less oblong or obovate-oblong, rarely

- elliptic, undivided or often deeply and many-

lobed, sometimes only few-lobed at the base ;

lateral lobes often narrow but usually large in

proportion to the terminal lobe ; corolla-tube

usually broad in proportion to its length (except

S. namaensis, which has a rather long very

narrow tube) included or exserted, annular-

pilose :

Pedicels when mature often 2} lin. long ; corolla-

tube very narrow, much exserted ; stamens

much exserted ... snd tes ee .. (25) namaensis.

Pedicels when mature usually much less than

2 lin. long; corolla-tube broad, or if nar-

row the corolla is very small ; stamens not or

only slightly exserted :

Stem and leaves densely covered with a short

somewhat velvety pubescence ; upper leaves

not lobed or only at the base :

Leaves usually oblong, up to ? in. broad, the

lower cauline with several lobes ; petiole :

short or none ae ae ... (32) raphanifolia.

Leaves usually elliptic up to 1% in. broad,

undivided or sometimes slightly lobed at

the base ; petiole up to 11 lin. long... (22) Peglere.

Stem and leaves variously hairy, but the hairs

are usually much stiffer, sometimes shortly

whitish-tomentose (when the leaves are

much dissected), rarely nearly glabrous :

{Corolla 23-44 lin. long :

Stem woody at the base; leaves up to

1 in. long ns he ove ... (26) Burchelli.

Salvia. | LABIATA (Skan). 311

Stem herbaceous ; mature leaves often 2-3

in. long or more:

Branches sprinkled with minute stiff

hooked hairs or sometimes almost

glabrous ; leaves usually somewhat

regularly toothed or lobed, narrow

in proportion to their length, often

only 2-4 lin. broad ... no ... (27) stenophylla.

Branches rather densely covered with

short tne hairs or with rather long

course spreading or curled hairs ;

leaves usually broadly and irregularly

lobed, rather broad in proportion to

their length, often more than 1 in,

broad :

Leaves often deeply lobed, but usually

not so far as the midrib; lobes

often triangular and acute ; corolla

up to 43 lin, long... cs ... (28) runcinata.

Leaves often lobed as far as the midrib ;

lobes usually oblong and rounded

or obtuse; corolla up to 3 lin.

long... ae os aes ... (29) sisymbrifolia.

ttCorolla 5-7 lin. long :

Stem usually very much elongated, up to

2 ft. high or more, usually unbranched (30) repens.

Stem often only about 1 ft. high or less,

more or less branched: .

Most of the leaves much lobed, often with

long narrow lobes ae ... (31) monticola.

Most of the leaves undivided, or with

few rather short broad lobes :

Upper leaves less than twice as long

as broad es AA ... (84) rudis.

Upper leaves more than twice as long

as broad :

Corolla about 5 lin. long :

Middle stem-leaves 13-24 in. long,

6-9 lin. broad, mostly with

very small teeth, rarely lobed (35) Woodii.

Middle stem-leaves usually 1-1} in.

long, 3-7 lin. broad, often

coarsely toothed or lobed, if

undivided they are only 3-4

lin. broad ... (28) runcinata, var.

gran

Corolla 6-7 lin. long iy ... (36) Cooperi.

1. 8. garipensis (E. Meyer, Comm. 232); a softly glandular-

pubescent branched undershrub ; leaves rather thick, ovate, 6-8 lin.

long, 5-7 lin. broad, obtuse, rounded, truncate or cordate at the

base, irregularly crenate, rugose; petiole 2-4 lin. long ;_ whorls

2-flowered, forming loose axillary or terminal unilateral spikes ;

flowers subsessile ; bracts ovate, 2-3 lin. long, acute ; calyx cam-

panulate, deeply bilabiate, 5 lin. long, 4-5 lin. broad at the apex,

312 LABIATA (Skan). [ Salvia.

6 lin. long and 7-9 lin. broad when mature, villous, glandular,

somewhat transparent, distinctly 13-nerved ; upper lip suborbicular,

recurved, truncate, very minutely 3-toothed ; lower lip bifid ; lobes

obliquely and narrowly ovate, 2 lin. long, shortly acuminate ;

corolla 1 in. long, shortly glandular-pubescent outside ; tube funnel-

shaped, 4 lin. long; upper lip falcate, 7-8 lin. long, compressed,

shortly and broadly 2-lobed ; lower lip deeply 3-lobed, about 4 lin.

long; median lobe about 5 lin. broad, deeply concave ; lateral

lobes falcate-oblong, about 1} lin. broad. Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 93. S. gariepensis, Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 273.

Western Recon: Little Namaqualand ; between Verleptpram and the mouth

of the Orange River, under 1000 ft., Drége, 3112!

2. 8. Dinteri (Brig. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™¢ sér. iii. 1075) ; an

undershrub with erect curled-pilose somewhat twiggy branches ;

leaves broadly ovate-deltoid, obtuse, broadly truncate-cordate at the

base, somewhat lobed, erose-crenulate, bullate-rugose, dark green on

both sides, sparingly pilose; blade 1 in. long and broad ; petiole

curled pilose, 5-7} lin. long ; sinus between the obtuse auricles very

large; whorls 2-flowered, approximate, in a dorsiventral spike

about 34 in. long; rhachis spreading-pilose, glandular; bracts

broadly ovate, shorter than the calyx ; calyx sessile or subsessile,

campanulate, 34—4 lin. long, 8 lin. long when mature, clothed with

spreading somewhat curled hairs mixed with glands; lips mem-

branous-dilated, veined, scarcely coloured ; upper lip broadly ovate,

recurved, subtruncate, 3-toothed, up to 4 lin. long; teeth } lin.

long, acute, approximate ; lower lip 2-lobed ; lobes ovate, 4 lin. long,

3 lin. broad, subacute ; corolla-tube included ; upper lip narrowly

compressed-falcate, oblong, 4—44 lin. long ; lower lip 4—44 lin. long ;

median lobe obcordate ; lateral lobes smaller, rounded.

WestERN Recion : Great Namaqualand ; Gubub, Dinter, 1111.

3. 8. Steingroeveri (Briq. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 191); a shrub;

older branches naked, white, the younger curled-pubescent ; inter-

nodes short; leaves petiolate, cordate-ovate, 24-5 lin. long and

broad, obtuse at the apex, cordate at the base, irregularly incised-

crenate, thick, pubescent above, tomentose beneath, net-veined ;

whorls 2-flowered, secund, in short spikes ; bracts oblong or ovate,

2-24 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad, membranous, entire ; calyx sessile,

broadly campanulate, after flowering accrescent and 7} lin. long ;

tube 4 lin. long, enlarged towards the mouth; lips ovate, mem-

branous, veined, sparingly pilose, green ; upper lip subentire, not

recurved ; lower lip with 2 entire lobes 24 lin. long; corolla

exceeding the calyx by 7} lin. ; tube included, annular-pilose inside,

broad ; upper lip falcate, 5 lin. long ; lower lip with an oblong median

lobe 4 lin. long; lateral lobes rounded, spreading, 1-1} lin. long ;

style long-exserted.

Western Recion: Great Namaqualand ; near Aus, Steingroever, 55.

Salvia. | LABIATA (Skan). 313

4. 8. eckloniana (Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 273); a shrub,

shortly pubescent and glandular on the branches and leaves ;

leaves papery, orbicular, 14-1} in. in diam., erose-dentate or

shortly lobed, subcordate at the base ; petiole }-4 in. long; whorls

2-flowered, approximate, forming a short terminal raceme ; calyx

broadly campanulate, much dilated at the apex, 7-8 lin. long,

7-8 lin. broad at the apex, villous and gland-dotted outside, shortly

pubescent inside, irregularly veined, shortly 2-lipped; upper lip

very broad, slightly retuse or undulate ; lower lip shortly and

broadly 2-lobed ; corolla 1} in. long, minutely glandular-puberulous

above outside, with a dense ring of long hairs near the base of the

tube inside; tube 7 lin. long, about 5 lin. broad at the apex ;

upper lip subfalcate, 11 lin. long, compressed ; lower lip 6 lin. long,

8 lin. broad; median lobe broadly obovate, 4} lin. long, 5 lin.

pti f lateral lobes rounded, slightly smaller. S. rotundifolia,

enth, l.c. :

Coast Reaion : Clanwilliam, Hcklon !

5. 8. aurea (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 38); a much-branched shrub,

2-4 ft. high or more, densely covered with a short white tomentum,

minutely gland-dotted especially on the leaves ; branches. short,

spreading ; leaves suborbicular, elliptic-lanceolate or narrowly

obovate, 5-18 lin, long, 24-10 lin. broad, rounded, obtuse or rarely

acute, more or less narrowed at the base, entire or rarely crenu-

_ late; petiole 1-5 (usually 2-3) lin. long ; whorls 2-flowered, rather

crowded, forming terminal racemes 2-3 in. long ; calyx broadly

campanulate, 6-8 lin. long and broad, 8-10 lin. long and broad

and membranous after flowering, veined, purplish, villous ; upper

lip broad, undulate or emarginate ; lower lip shortly and broadly

2-lobed ; corolla 14-2 in. long, ferruginous or golden-yellow, glan-

dular-pubescent outside, with a broad band of woolly hairs at the

base of the tube inside ; tube 7 lin. long, 4—5 lin. broad in the upper

part ; upper lip subfalcate, 8-15 lin. long, emarginate ; lower lip

7 lin. long, 8 lin. broad, pilose at the base inside; median lobe

broadly obovate, 4 lin. long, 6} lin. broad ; lateral lobes about

2 lin. long and 3 lin. broad, rounded. Linn. Mant. ii. 319; Curt.

Bot. Mag. t. 182 ; Thunb. Prodr. 96, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 448 ;

Pers. Syn. i. 28 ; Vahl, Enum. i. 231 ; Roem. et Schultes, Syst. i. 217,

and Mant. i. 181; A. Dietr. Sp. Pl. i. 264; Benth. Lab, 216, in

E. Meyer, Comm. 233, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 273. S. colorata, Linn.

Syst. Nat. ed. 12, ii. 66% not of Vahl. S. africana lutea, Linn. Sp.

Pl. ed. i. 26. 8S. africana fruticans, ete., Commel. Hort. Amst. ii. 183,

4, 92.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Grey! Villett! Pappe! & cultivated specimens !

Coast Rearon: Clanwilliam Div.? Bull Hoek, 800 ft., Schlechter, 8376!

Malmesbury Div. ; Groene Kloof, Drége, 1341a! Laauws Kloof, Drége, 13416!

Tulbagh Div.; Tulbagh, about 650 ft., Schlechter, 1896! Cape Div. ; Table

Mountain, Cooper, 2890! near Blockhouse, Wolley Dod, 491! Camps Bay,

MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 820! Prior | Lion Mountain, Drége !

Bredasdorp Div. ; Strand Veld, between Cape Agulhas and Pottsberg, Drege,

314 LABIAT (Skan). [ Salvia.

1341¢! Mossel Bay Div. ; Mossel Bay, under 500 ft., Drége, 1841d ! Knysna Div. ;

between Knysna River Ford and Goukamma River, Burchell, 5556! Uitenbage

Div., Zeyher, 144! Port Elizabeth Div. ; along the Baakens River near Port

Elizabeth, Burchell, 4344! Algoa Bay, Forbes! Bathurst Div.; sea coast,

Mrs. Hutton! mouth of the Fish River, MacOwan, 419! Port Alfred, Miss Sole,

460 !

6. §. nivea (Thunb. Prodr. 96); a branched erect shrub, 3 ft.

high, more or less covered with short grey tomentum ; leaves.

petiolate or the upper subsessile, thick, subcoriaceous, sometimes

slightly rugose, oblong-lanceolate, lanceolate or sometimes ovate,

3-1} in, long, 2-7 lin. broad, acute, entire or the lower auriculate

or dentate ; petiole 1-7 lin. long; whorls 2-flowered, in short

usually branched terminal racemes ; calyx broadly campanulate,

7-8 lin. long, accrescent, membranous after flowering, veined,

purplish, villous ; upper lip broad, undulate ; lower lip shortly and

broadly 2-lobed ; corolla about 14 in. long, purple, sparingly pubes-

cent outside; tube 10-11 lin. long, 23-4 lin. broad above ; upper

lip 8-9 lin. long, slightly falcate, compressed, emarginate ; lower

lip about 5 lin. long and broad, flat ; median lobe 3 lin. long and

broad ; lateral lobes much smaller, rounded. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 450; Vahl, Enum. i. 231; Roem. et Schultes, Syst. i. 238,

and Mant. i. 200; A. Dietr. Sp. Pl. i. 306; Benth. Lab. 218, in

E. Meyer, Comm. 233, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 273. S. lanceolata,

Lam. Il. i. 72; Poir. Encyel. vi. 591. S. diversifolia, Benth. in DC.

Prodr. xii. 274, in syn. S. nitida, Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docu-

mente, 103.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Ecklon !

Coast Reaton: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; Ebenezer, Drége, 1340d! Clanwilliam

Div. ; between Berg Vallei and Lange Vallei, Drége, 1340c! Malmesbury Div. ;

Zwartland and Groenekloof, Thunberg! Riebecks Castle, Drége, 1340b. Tulbagh

Div. ; Vogel Vallei, under 1000 ft., Drége, 1340a! Cape Div. ; near Cape Town,

Bolus, 4765! Cape Flats, Zeyher, Burke! Vygeskraal Farm, Wolley Dod, 652!

7. 8. hastefolia (Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 233); an erect

branched shrub, sparingly viscid pulverulent-puberulous on the

stem and branches; leaves rather thick, subcoriaceous, ovate-

lanceolate, 4-1 in. long, 2-6 lin. broad, acute, cuneate at the base,

dentate, often hastate-auriculate at the base, pulverulent-glandular,

shortly and stiffly pubescent ; petiole 2-5 lin. long; whorls usually

2-flowered, distant, in short branched terminal racemes ; calyx

broadly campanulate, 7 lin. long, accrescent, membranous after

flowering, veined, purplish, villous; upper lip broad, undulate ;

lower lip shortly 2-lobed ; lobes broadly ovate, acute ; corolla about

1 in. long, shortly pubescent outside ; tube 7} lin. long, 2} lin.

broad above; upper lip about 6 lin. long, slightly falcate, com-

pressed ; lower lip 3 lin. long, 2} lin. broad ; median lobe obovate,

1} lin. long, 15 lin. broad, emarginate; lateral lobes smaller,

rounded. DC. Prodr. xii. 274,

Coast Reeion: Clanwilliam Div. ; between Clanwilliam and Bosch Kloof,

1000-2000 ft., Drége, 7934!

Salvia. | LABIAT (Skan). 315

8. 8. africana (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 38, excl. syn. Plukenet.) ; a

much-branched shrub; branches shortly grey-pubescent ; leaves

subsessile or petiolate, coriaceous, ovate-lanceolate, oblong, obovate

or sometimes lanceolate, 1-1} in. long, 2-8 lin. broad, acute, apicu-

late, obtuse or rounded, often cuneate at the base, entire, crenate-

dentate or sometimes coarsely lobed, often rugose, densely grey-

tomentose beneath, strigillose to glabrous above; whorls 2- to

many-flowered, usually distant, in terminal rarely branched racemes ;

bracts broadly ovate to suborbicular ; calyx broadly campanulate,

4—5 lin. long, acerescent, veined, purplish, villous; lips short and

broad ; upper lip very shortly and broadly 3-toothed ; lower lip

broadly 2-lobed; teeth and lobes all apiculate or acute ; corolla

purple, violet or blue, 8-12 lin. long; tube 4-6 lin, long, 23-34 lin.

broad at the apex, annular-pilose inside ; upper lip 4—6 lin. long,

shortly 2-lobed ; lower lip 4~5 lin. long, 54-64 lin. broad ; median

lobe obreniform, 53-6} lin. broad ; lateral lobes small, rounded.

Thunb. Prodr. 96, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 449 ; Vahl, Enum. i. 230;

Roem. et Schultes, Syst. i. 237, and Mant. i. 200 ; A. Dietr. Sp. Pl.

i. 308 ; Benth. Lab. 216, in E. Meyer, Comm. 234, and in DC. Prodr.

xii. 274. §. africana cerulea, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 26. 8. africana

frutescens, ete, Commel. Hort. Amst. ii. 181, t. 91. S. rotundifolia,

Salish. Prodr. 74. 8. colorata, Vahl, Enum, i. 230, S. barbata,

Lam. Ill. i. 72. S. integerrima, Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. viii. n. 12.

S. foliis oblongo-ovatis integerrimis, Mill. Ic. ii. 150, ¢. 225, fig. 2.

S. foliis subrotundis serratis, ete., Mill. Ic. ii. 150, t. 225, fig. 1.

SourH A¥rRica: without locality, Heklon! Forbes! Forster | Mund! Pappe!

Thom, 545! Thunberg !

Coast REGION: Malmesbury Div. ; Zwartland, Zeyher ! Riebecks Castle, Drége,

7939c! Tulbagh Div. ; at the foot of Mosterts Berg, near Mitchells Pass, 1000 ft.,

MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1640 ! Mitchells Pass, 1200 ft., Schlechter, 8958!

Piquetberg Road, T'yson, 2327 ! Worcester Diy. ; near Brand Vlei, Bolus, 5223

partly ! Paarl Div. ; between Paarl and Lady Grey Railway Bridge, Drége, 7938 !

Cape Div. ; various localities on the Cape Peninsula, Bolus, 2894! 2895!

Burchell, 73! 811! 770! Cooper, 2892! Ecklon, 716! Drége! MacGillivray, 566 !

Milne, 172! Wolley Dod, 627! 628! 736! Prior! Mrs. C. Southey in Herb.

Galpin, 7850! Stellenbosch Div. ; between Stellenbosch and Somerset West,

Drege, 7939b! Caledon Div. ; Zwart Berg, about 1000 ft., Galpin, 4424!

The leaves are very variable in shape, even on the same plant. A form in which

they are broadly obovate and rounded at the apex, as in Drége 7938, has been

distinguished as var. obtusa, Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 234.

S. subspathulata, Lehm. in E, Otto, Hamb. Gartenz. vi. 457, from the descrip-

tion appears to be the same as S. africana.

9. §. dentata (Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 37); a much-branched

shrub ; branches minutely grey-pubescent, often becoming glabrous ;

leaves usually crowded, petiolate or the upper subsessile, spathulate

or obovate, sometimes lanceolate or linear, rounded or sometimes

subacute, crenate-dentate to pinnatifid, rarely quite entire, often

undulate-crisped, shortly grey-tomentose ; blade 2-6 lin. long, 1—4

lin. broad; petiole 1-6 lin. long ; whorls 2—6-flowered, close together

or rather distant, in short terminal rarely branched racemes ; bracts

316 LABIATA (Skan). [Salvia.

ovate or suborbicular ; calyx broadly funnel-shaped, 5-7 lin. long,

shortly hispid ; upper lip shortly and broadly 3-lobed ; lower lip

broadly 2-lobed; lobes all rounded ; corolla blue, 9-12 lin. long ;

tube 64 lin. long, 1} lin. broad at the base, 3 lin. broad at the apex,

annular-pilose inside ; upper lip 5-6 lin. long, shortly and broadly

2-lobed ; lower lip 6-7 lin. long; median lobe transversely oblong,

637 lin. broad, deeply emarginate; lateral lobes 14-14 lin. broad,

rounded, Vahl, Enum. i. 232; Roem. et Schult. Syst. i. 217, and

Mant. i. 181; A. Dietr. Sp. Pl. i. 264; Benth. Lab. 217, and in

DC. Prodr. xii. 275. S. angustifolia, Salish. Prodr. 73. S. rigida,

Thunb. Prodr. 96, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 451. S. crispula, Benth.

in E. Meyer, Comm, 234, and in DO. Prodr. xii. 274.

Sour Arrica : without locality, Masson !

CenTrRaL Region: Calvinia Div. ; Bokkeland, Thunberg !

WesTERN Kxcron: Little Namaqualand ; Modder Fontein, Whitehead ! -Mount

Spektakel, Morris in Herb. Bolus, 5777! Uitkomst, 2000-3000 ft., Drége, 31130!

between Pedros Kloof and Lily Fontein, 3000-4000 ft., Drége, 3113b! near Klip

Fontein, MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr, 681! Brackdamm, 2000 ft.,

Schlechter, 11161! and without precise locality, Wyley ! Vanrhynsdorp Div. ;

Karee Bergen, 2000 ft., Schlechter, 8247 !

Drége’s specimen, 4742, from the Cederberg Range, Clanwilliam Division, cited

by Bentham in FZ. Meyer, Comm, 235, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 275, has longer

leaves than the type, and the teeth, when present, are more acute. It has no

flowers,

10. 8. undulata (Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 275); a branched

shrub; branches shortly villous; leaves petiolate to subsessile,

obovate-oblong, acute, erose-dentate or lobed at the base, somewhat

rugose, green and almost glabrous above, shortly greyish-pubescent

beneath ; blade 3-1} in. long, 34-4} lin. broad ; petiole up to $ in.

long ; whorls 2—6-flowered, close together in short simple terminal

racemes ; bracts broadly ovate; calyx campanulate, 5 lin. long,

shortly villous ; lips each 2-lobed ; lobes short and broad, apiculate ;

corolla 11 lin. long ; tube 4 lin. long, 13 lin. broad at the base,

3} lin, broad at the apex, annular-pilose inside ; upper lip 7 lin.

long, shortly 2-lobed ; lower lip 6 lin. long, inflated at the base;

median lobe 3 lin. long, 7 lin. broad, deeply emarginate ; lateral

lobes rounded, 1} lin. long, 1? lin. broad.

Coast Region : Clanwilliam Div., Ecklon !

11. S. paniculata (Linn. Mant. i, 25 and ii. 511); an erect much-

branched shrub, 4 ft. high; branches nearly erect, scabrous,

sometimes sparingly pilose especially at the nodes ; leaves coriaceous,

obovate-cuneate, sometimes obovate-lanceolate, 4-1} in. long, apicu-

late or cuspidate, entire or toothed, prominently net-veined, usually

green, very shortly adpressed-pubescent or nearly glabrous, slightly

scabrous, densely gland-dotted; petiole 1-2 lin. long ;_ whorls

2-flowered, distinct, in long much-branched terminal panicles; calyx

campanulate, 4 lin. long, setulose, prominently 4-keeled, 5-nerved ;

upper lip minutely 2- or 3-toothed ; lower lip 2-lobed ; lobes deltoid,

Salvia. | LABIATA (Skan). 317

14-14 lin. long, shortly acuminate ; corolla blue, 9-12 lin. long ;

tube 4 lin. long, 1 lin. broad at the base, 2} lin. broad at the apex,

annular-pilose inside; upper lip 54-7 lin. long, shortly 2-lobed ;

lower lip 5—6 lin. long, crumpled ; median lobe transversely oblong

or rounded, 3-44 lin. broad, concave, emarginate; lateral lobes

smaller, rounded. Thunb. Prodr. 96, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 450 ;

Vahl, Enum. i. 229; A. Dietr. Sp. Pl. i. 308; Roem. et Schult. Syst.

i. 237, and Mant. i. 200 ; Benth. Lab. 217, in E. Meyer, Comm. 235,

and in DC. Prodr. xii. 275 ; Hook, f. Bot. Mag. t. 6790. S. Chame-

leagnea, Berg. Descr. Pl. Cap. 3. 8S. Chameleagnus, Burm. f. Fl.

Cap. Prodr. 1. 8. minor, ete., Breyne, Exot. Pl. Cent. i. 169, t. 85.

Sour Arrica: without locality, Miller! Thunberg! Zeyher! & cultivated

specimens !

Coast REcIon: Clanwilliam Div. ; between Pakhuis and Biedouw, 2000-3000 ft.,

Drége! Cederberg Range, Drége, 3115! Ceres Div. ; near Ceres, MacOwan &

Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 490! Worcester Div. ; near Worcester, Drége,

7936! Paarl Div. ; Paarl, Burchell, 952! Prior! Dal Josaphat, Drakenstein

Mountains, 600 ft., Z'yson, 2441! Cape Div. ; near Cape Town, Harvey | eastern

side of Table Mountain, Ecklon, 719! kloof between the Lions Head and Table

Mountain, Burchell, 259! Caledon Div. ; Genadendal, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 9866 !

Riversdale Div. ; between Little Vet River and Garcias Pass, Burchell, 6923 !

Centra Recon: Prince Albert Div. ; Gamka River, Burke !

Western Recion: Little Namaqualand, Wyley, 90!

12. §. albicaulis (Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 234); an erect

shrub; stems and branches sharply 4-angled, whitish with very

short closely adpressed pubescence, sometimes hispid at the base;

leaves coriaceous, rigid, obovate, elliptic, ovate, rarely suborbicular,

3-11 in. long, 4-1 in. broad, rounded or acute, cuneate at the base,

crenate-dentate or sometimes lobed at the base, prominently

reticulately veined beneath, densely and shortly whitish-pubescent

or sometimes hispid beneath, shortly hispid above ; petiole 1—4 lin.

long ; whorls 2-flowered, in somewhat lax terminal panicles 6 in.

long or more; calyx narrowly campanulate, 5 lin. ‘long, slightly

accrescent, densely villous ; upper lip trifid ; teeth ovate-triangular,

4-1 lin. long, acuminate, the median tooth smallest ; lower lip bifid ;

teeth narrowly ovate-triangular, long-acuminate, 14-14 lin. long ;

corolla 9-10 lin. long, purple, sparingly villous, with a fringe of

hairs round the inside of the tube about the middle; tube 4-5 lin.

long, 14 lin. broad above, shorter than the calyx; upper lip falcate,

5-6 lin. long, shortly and broadly 2-lobed ; lower lip about 5 lin.

long, 3 lin. broad ; median lobe broadly obovate, 13 lin. long, 2} lin.

broad, emarginate; lateral lobes smaller, rounded. DC. Prodr.

xii. 274.

Var. f, dregeana (Skan); leaves oblong-lanceolate or sometimes oblong-

obovate, 3-8 lin. long, deeply incised-dentate or irregularly pinnatifid. S. dregeana,

Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 234, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 274.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Drége, 7937 !

Coast Reaion: Tulbagh Div. ; near Tulbagh, Ecklon! New Kloof, near

Tulbagh, Burchell, 1019! Mitchells Pass, Grey! Wyley! 1800 ft., Schlechter,

9970! Worcester Div. ; near Brand Vlei, 800 ft., Bolus, 5228, partly! Var. B,

318 LABIAT (Skan). [ Salvia.

Clanwilliam Diy.; Sandheights between Pakhuis and Biedouw, 2000-3000 ft.,

Drége, 3114!

CENTRAL Recton: Ceres Div. ; near Ceres, 1500 ft., MacOwan & Bolus, Herb.

Norm. Austr.-Afr. 491 !

13. 8. rugosa (Thunb. Prodr. 97); stem herbaceous, robust,

ascending; branches glandular-villous; leaves petiolate or the

uppermost sessile, oblong, oblong-lanceolate or sometimes ovate,

acute or rounded, cuneate to cordate at the base, irregularly crenate,

erose-dentate or shortly lobed, often distinctly rugose, pubescent, up

to 8 in. long and 24 in. broad, often about 24 in. long and }—? in.

broad ; petiole up to 3 in. long; whorls 6—10-flowered, finally

distant, in simple or much-branched racemes 6—12 in. long or more ;

bracts broadly cordate, abruptly acuminate, shorter than the calyx ;

calyx campanulate, 4-5} lin. long, 13-nerved, covered with gland-

tipped villous hairs; upper lip broadly obovate, 3-toothed, recurved ;

teeth small, often pungent, connivent ; lower lip bifid; teeth ovate-

triangular, 1}-2 lin. long, acuminate-pungent; corolla white or

purple and white, 8-10 lin. long; tube 4—5 lin. long, ventricose at

the throat; upper lip falcate, 4—6 lin. long, shortly 2-lobed; lower

lip 3 lin. long, 34 lin. broad; median lobe broadly obovate-cuneate,

2 lin. long, 34-4 lin. broad ; lateral lobes ovate or oblong, erect,

14-2 lin. long, 3-1} lin. broad. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 42; Vahl,

Enum. i. 259; Roem. et Schult. Syst. i. 241, and Mant. i. 204 ; Thunb.

Fil. Cap. ed. Schult. 451; A. Dietr. Sp. Pl. i. 316; Benth. Lab. 235,

in E. Meyer, Comm. 235, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 291.

Soutu Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1332! Ecklon! Thunberg !

Coast Recron : Swellendam Div., Zeyher ! Uitenhage Div. ; hills of Uitenhage

Karroo, Prior !

CENTRAL Recron: Ceres Div. ; at Ongeluks River, Burchell, 1228! Prince

Albert Div., 4500-5000 ft., Drége, 8066! Richmond Div.; Winterveld, between

Nieuwjaars Fontein and Ezels Fontein, 3000-4000 ft., Drége, 806c ! Middelburg

Div.; Culmstock, 3300 ft., Mrs. Southey in Herb. Galpin, 5707! Colesberg Div.,

Shaw! Burke! Hopetown Div. ; near Hopetown, Bolus, 2032 !

WeEsTERN Reaion: Little Namaqualand ; between Koperberg and Kook Fontein,

2000-3000 ft., Drége, 806a! near Kook Fontein, Bolus, 9435 !

Katanart Recion: Griqualand West ; Griqua Town, Burchell, 1861! Lower

Campbell, Burchell, 1801! Klip Drift, Mrs. Barber, 9! Orange River Colony,

Mrs. Barber! Transvaal ; north of Silverdale, Vaal River, Nelson, 46!

This species is extremely variable in the size, shape, and texture of the leaves.

A narrow-leaved form has been distinguished as var. 8, angustifolia, Benth. in DC.

Prodr. xii, 291, but the specimens cited have not narrower leaves than Thunberg’s

type.

A specimen from Graaff Reinet in Herb. Bolus (1789 bis) has broadly ovate

leaves 4 in. long and 3-34 in. broad, cordate at the base. The stem is covered

with long slender slightly interwoven hairs. Calyx as in S. rugosa. Corolla

absent. It may be a distinct species.

14, 8. Radula (Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 291); stem herbaceous,

erect, branched, more or less densely covered with white woolly

tomentum; leaves petiolate, oblong, oblong-lanceolate or narrowly

ovate, 14-4 in. long, }—1# in. broad, obtuse or rounded at the apex,

Salvia. | LABIATA (Skan). 319

rounded, truncate or cordate at the base, rather regularly erose-

crenate, very rugose above, shortly whitish tomentose beneath ;

inflorescence and flowers as in S. rugosa.

Sout Arrica : without locality, Zeyher, 1333 !

KataHart Recion: Transvaal; Magalies Berg and Mooi River, Burke!

Malmanie Oog and Buffels Hoek, near Jacobsdahl, Burtt-Davy, 86! Zeerust,

Marico District, about 5000 ft., Burtt-Davy, 109! 7179! Crocodile River, Burtt-

Davy, 186! Miss Leendertz, 707 !

Zeyher’s and Burtt-Davy’s specimens are much less tomentose than the type.

A specimen collected in the Matebe Valley, Transvaal, by Holub, has indumentum

approaching that of S. rugosa to which S. Radula is very closely allied.

15. 8. disermas (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 36); stem herbaceous or

becoming somewhat woody at the base ; branches ascending, densely

glandular-villous; leaves petiolate, the upper subsessile, oblong-

lanceolate or sometimes ovate, rounded to acute, cuneate, rounded

or cordate at the base, coarsely erose-dentate, more or less rugose,

glandular-pubescent, 1-4} in. long, ?-2 in. broad; petiole up to

13 in. long; whorls 6-10-flowered, distant, in simple or branched

terminal racemes up to 8 in. long ; bracts broadly ovate, acuminate,

the upper shorter than the calyx; calyx campanulate, 3} lin. long,

12- or 13-nerved, glandular-pilose; upper lip broadly ovate, minutely

and acutely 3-toothed; lower lip bifid; teeth ovate-triangular,

14-14 lin. long, acuminate-pungent ; corolla whitish, 3-6 lin. long ;

tube 2-33 lin. long, ventricose at the throat; upper lip 1}—2} lin.

long, emarginate ; lower lip 1}1—-2$ lin. long ; median lobe transversely

oblong, 1 lin. long, 14-2 lin. broad, retuse, concave ; lateral lobes

ovate-oblong, 4-3 lin. long, }—} lin. broad, slightly oblique, rounded

to subacute. Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 139; Vahl, Enum. i. 266 ; Ait. Hort.

Kew. ed. 2, i. 59; Roem. et Schult. Syst. i. 246; A. Dietr. Sp. Pl. i.

323 ; Benth. Lab. 236, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 291. S. caule fruticoso,

etc., Arduini, Animad. Bot. Sp. i. 9, t. 1. Horminum disermas,

Moench, Meth. Suppl. 140. H. sylvestre majus, etc., Barrel. Pl. Gall.

Obs. 25, Ic. 187.

Souru Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1834! and cultivated specimens /

Coast Reaton: Uniondale Div. ; Olifants River, Bolus, 1789 bis !

Centra, Rroion: Calvinia Div.; Onder Bokkeveld at Matjes Fontein,

2200 ft., Schlechter, 10926 !

This is probably only a small-flowered form of S. rugosa, It is doubtful

whether the South African material belongs to the true S. disermas, stated by

Linnzeus to be a native of Syria.

16. §. clandestina (Linn.), var. angustifolia (Benth. in DC.

Prodr. xii. 295); stem herbaceous, erect, }—2 ft. high, simple or

branched, covered with long and spreading hairs mixed with short

and adpressed ones; leaves petiolate or the upper subsessile,

narrowly oblong, rarely ovate-oblong, 14-4} (usually about 2) in.

long, }-1 in. broad, subacute or rounded, irregularly pinnatifid or

laciniate, sometimes erose-dentate, puberulous chiefly beneath, more

or less pilose on the principal veins, usually rugose ; whorls usually

320 LABIATA (Skan). [ Salvia.

6-flowered, distant, in branched or sometimes simple racemes 6-12

in. long; rhachis densely pilose ; bracts broadly cordate, acuminate,

shorter than the calyx; calyx 27-31 lin. long, pilose outside,

densely pilose or villous inside except at the base, 13-nerved ;

upper lip semi-elliptic, 1} lin. long, slightly broader, minutely and

acutely 3-toothed, often blue; lower lip deeply bifid; teeth

lanceolate-triangular, 14-1? lin. long, 4—} lin. broad at the base,

acuminate-pungent ; corolla 2-5 lin. long; tube 14-3 lin. long,

ventricose at the throat; upper lip 14-2 lin. long, sparingly pilose

outside; lower lip 14-1} lin. long; median lobe transversely

oblong, about 1-1} lin. long, 14-1? lin. broad, emarginate, concave.

E. Meyer, Comm. 235 (as S. clandestina). 8. cleistogama, De Bary

& Paul, Ind. Sem. Hort. Halens, 1867, 6; Aschers. in Bot. Zeit. 1871,

555, and 1872, 293. S. controversa, Ten. Syll. Fl. Neap. 18. S.

controversa, Benth. Lab. 241, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 295, as to

Burchell, 1454. S. Verbenaca, Linn., var. controversa, Brig. Lab.

Alp. Marit. 520. 8S. Verbenaca, var. angustifolia, Pugsley in Journ.

Bot. 1908, 144.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Ecklon! and a cultivated specimen !

Coast Recton: British Kaffraria, Cooper, 2983 !

Centrat Recion: Somerset Div. ; at the foot of the Bosch Berg, 2300 ft.,

MacOwan! Graaff Reinet Div. ; Graaff Reinet, in cultivated and other places,

2500 ft., Bolus, 142! Beaufort West Div. ; near Beaufort West, Zeyher! Fraserburg

Div. ; between Klein Quaggas Fontein and Dwaal River, Burchell, 1454! Rich-

mond Div. ; Uitvlugt, various places near Stylkloof, 4000-5000 ft., Drége, 806d !

Middelburg Div. ; Conway Farm, 3600 ft., Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 5573 !

Katanart Recion: Griqualand West; Kimberley, ‘‘the commonest plant

around the town,” Kolbe, 3160 !

The species is a native of South Europe, North Africa, the Orient, the Canaries

and Madeira. A plant closely resembling the South African form and regarded by

Bentham as the same occurs in Arabia Felix. The flowers of the South African

plant are often cleistogamous,

17. 8. Tysonii (Skan) ; stems herbaceous, stout, apparently tall

and erect, 14-2} lin. in diam. in the upper part, quadrangular,

rounded on the angles, broadly furrowed, rather densely often

brownish-puberulous; lower leaves not seen; upper shortly

petiolate, pinnatifid or runcinate, 2-3 in. long, 14-2 in. broad,

densely covered with short fine matted often brownish hairs

beneath and minutely gland-dotted, sparingly covered with short

adpressed hairs above; terminal, lobe deltoid-ovate, up to 2 in.

long and broad, usually acute; lateral lobes few, ovate or oblong,

3-1 in. long, }-} in. broad, acute, like the terminal lobe erose-

dentate or shortly lobed; uppermost leaves sessile or subsessile,

ovate or ovate-oblong, sometimes hastate or auriculate at the base ;

whorls up to 24-flowered or more, crowded or shortly distant, in

spike-like terminal racemes or few-branched panicles 4—7 in. long,

also in short subcapitate racemes terminating short lateral branches ;

bracts broadly to narrowly ovate, slightly to much shorter than

the calyx, acuminate ; pedicels about 1 lin. long, densely hairy ;

calyx tubular-campanulate, 3} lin. long, softly or somewhat hispidly

Salvia. | LABIATA (Skan). 321

pubescent, sparingly gland-dotted; upper lip 13-1} lin. long,

3-toothed ; teeth subulate or narrowly triangular, }—1 lin. long ;

lower lip 14-1? lin. long, bifid ; teeth linear-triangular, 11-1} lin.

long ; corolla intensely red (Tyson), blue (Wood), 5} lin. long,

sparingly pubescent outside on the upper part ; tube about 3? lin.

long, cylindric in the lower part, inflated at the throat ; upper lip

14—2 lin. long, 1} lin. broad, emarginate ; lower lip 2—2} lin. long ;

median lobe broadly obcordate, 14-1? lin. long, 14-2 lin. broad ;

lateral lobes short, rounded.

Eastern Recion: Tembuland; near Emgwali River, Bolus, 10249! Griqua-

land East; banks of the Umzimkulu River, near Clydesdale, 2500 ft., Z'yson !

Natal ; Drakensberg, near Charlestown, 5000-6000 ft., Wood, 7883! Zululand ;

Gudena, Gerrard, 2081!

18. S. scabra (Linn. f. Suppl. 89); a perennial herb with a

woody subterranean creeping caudex ; stem branched, erect, more

or less villous ; leaves petiolate, oblong-obovate or obovate, lyrate-

pinnatifid or -pinnatipartite, rarely only slightly lobed at the base,

3-2 in. long, 4-11 in. broad, prominently veined, densely grey-

pilose or villous beneath ; terminal lobe largest, semi-orbicular or

broadly ovate, }—? in. long, 6-10 lin. broad ; lateral lobes usually

2 each side, with broad sinuses between them, irregularly ovate or

oblong, 2-6 lin. long, 1}—4 lin. broad, like the terminal lobe erose-

dentate; whorls usually 4- or 6-flowered, secund, distant, in

terminal racemes 2-5 in. long; calyx tubular-turbinate, 54-6 lin.

long, somewhat hispidly pubescent, often coloured ; tube 3-3} lin.

long ; upper lip 2-24 lin. long, truncate, 3-toothed ; teeth subulate,

2 lin. long ; lower lip 21-24 lin. long, bifid or rarely trifid ; teeth

linear-triangular, spinescent, 14-2 lin, long ; corolla blue, red-

purple or purple, 12-14 lin. long, pilose ; tube 10-12} lin. long,

narrowly cylindric in the lower half, gradually enlarged above,

slightly ventricose at the throat ; upper lip obovate, 14-2 lin. long,

emarginate ; lower lip 3 lin. long ; median lobe broadly and deeply

cordate, 13-2} lin. long, about 3 lin. broad ; lateral lobes very

short and broad, rounded. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 41; Thunb.

Prodr. 97, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 452; Vahl, Enum. i. 259 ;

Roem. et Schult. Syst., Mant. i. 213; A. Dietr. Sp. Pl. i. 344. 8.

aurita, Benth. Lab. 305, in E. Meyer, Comm. 237, and in DC. Prodr.

xii. 351, not of Linn. f. 8. graciliflora, Avé-Lall. in Ind. Sem. Hort.

Petrop. x. 57.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Zhunberg ! and cultivated specimens !

Coast Reaion : Uitenhage Div.; Van Stadens River, Drége, 7940a! Zeyher,

396! Port Elizabeth Div. ; Port Elizabeth, Drége, 7940b! New Brighton, near

Port Elizabeth, Mrs. Southey in Herb. Galpin, 5881! Bathurst Div. ; near

Barville Park, Burchell, 4086! at the mouth of the Great Fish River, Burchell,

3750! near Port Alfred, Burchell, 3827 ! Bolus, 10647 !

19. S. Galpinii (Skan) ; an erect branched rather slender herb,

1} ft. high or more, rather densely puberulous on all the green

parts ; leaves shortly petiolate or subsessile, obovate or oblong,

pinnatipartite or lyrate-pinnatipartite, usually 1}-2 in. long, gland-

VOL. V.—SECT. I. Y

322 LABIAT (Skan). | Salvia.

dotted ; terminal lobe broadly ovate-deltoid or deltoid, $-1 in. long,

1} in. broad, rounded or acute, like the lateral crenate or crenate-

entate ; lateral lobes usually 2 each side, often retrorse, ovate-

oblong, 3-6 lin. long, 2-4 lin. broad, usually rounded ; whorls often

4-8-flowered, 4—7 lin. apart, in terminal racemes 2—24 in. long;

bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, shorter than the calyx ; pedicels

1-14 lin. long; calyx tubular-campanulate, campanulate when

mature, 34-33 lin. long, pilose, gland-dotted ; tube 2 lin. long ;

upper lip 14 lin. long, finally subtruncate, 3-toothed ; teeth linear-

triangular, 4-1} lin. long; lower lip 1} lin. long, bifid ; teeth

lanceolate-triangular, about 1 lin. long; corolla mauve (Galpin),

about 6 lin. long, pubescent outside ; tube cylindric-funne!-shaped,

5 lin. long, 3 lin. broad in the lower part, 1} lin. broad at the

throat ; upper lip obcordate, 14 lin. long ; lower lip 14-2 lin. long ;

median lobe obcordate, 14-1} lin. long, 14-1} lin. broad ; lateral

lobes scarcely } lin. long, rounded.

Coast ReGion: Queenstown Div. ; mountains near Queenstown, 4000-4500 ft.,

Galpin, 1956 !

Evans, 391, from Southdowns, Natal, is probably S. Galpinii. The leaves have

a smaller narrower terminal lobe, and the flowers are described as white.

Zeyher, 913, from Albany, referred doubtfully by Bentham to S. aurita in

DC. Prodr. xii. 352, is perhaps also 8. Galpinii. The specimen has no flowers.

20. S. aurita (Linn. f. Suppl. 88); stem herbaceous, slender,

ascending, 2 ft. high or more, simple or sparingly branched, more

or less villous; leaves shortly petiolate, broadly ovate, 17-2} in.

long, 14-2 in. broad, acute or rounded, often broadly and deeply

few-lobed or auriculate at the base, broadly dentate or crenate,

shortly villous on both sides ; whorls 6- or 8-flowered, lax, distant,

secund, in simple racemes 2-6 in. long ; bracts ovate, acuminate,

very small; calyx 34—4 lin. long, pilose outside, puberulous inside ;

upper lip 13 lin. long and broad, somewhat truncate, 3-toothed ;

teeth 2-3 lin. long, broad at the base, subulate above ; lower lip

2 lin. long, bifid; teeth lanceolate-triangular, 1} lin. long,

acuminate ; corolla pale rose, 7 lin. long, pubescent outside on

the upper part; tube narrowly funnel-shaped, 54-6 lin. long,

searcely 1} lin. broad at the throat ; upper lip broadly obcordate,

about 1} lin. long and broad; lower lip 2 lin. long ; median lobe

orbicular-obcordate, 1} lin. long, 14 lin. broad ; lateral lobes very

small, rounded. Thunb. Prodr. 96, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 451 ;

Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, i. 62; Roem. et Schult. Syst. i. 259, and

Mant. i. 212; A. Dietr. Sp. Pl. i. 340. S. sylvicola, Burch. ea Benth.

Lab. 304, in E. Meyer, Comm. 236, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 350. 8.

sylvatica, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 124,

146, 218.

Sovrn Arnica : without locality, i i i i

Gees eee Theme ocality. A specimen cultivated in the Upsala Botanic

Coast Recion: George Div.; in the forest near George, Burchell, 6052 !

Prior! Kaimans Gat, Prior! Knysna Div. ; Ruigte Vallei, Drége, 7941a ! Albany

Div., Atherstone, 48 !

Salvia. | LABIATA (Skan). 323

Kaanart Recion: Transvaal ; Houtbosch, Rekmann, 6153 !

Eastern Recron: Transkei; between Gekau (Geua) River and Bashee River,

1000-2000 ft., Drége, 7941b! Kentani District, 1200 ft., Miss Pegler, 913!

21. 8. pallidifolia (Skan); a slender erect branched herb 1} ft.

high or more, hispidly puberulous on all the green parts; branches

erect-spreading, scarcely } lin. in diam.; leaves petiolate, pale

green, ovate-triangular, usually with 2 or sometimes 3 small auricles

at the base, 10-18 lin. long, 7-12 lin. broad, rounded or rarely

subacute, somewhat regularly crenate-dentate, thin, pale green,

gland-dotted ; petiole 1-4 lin. long; whorls 2—6-flowered, usually

5-8 lin. apart, lax, in slender terminal racemes 1}—4} lin. long ;

bracts ovate-lanceolate, usually about as long as the pedicels,

acuminate, occasionally the lowermost larger and _foliaceous ;

pedicels slender, 1-2 lin. long; calyx campanulate, 34 lin. long,

scarcely longer when mature, sparingly pubescent and gland-dotted ;

tube 1% lin. long; upper lip 1} lin. long; teeth lanceolate- or

linear-triangular, 4-1 lin. long; lower lip 1} lin. long; teeth

lanceolate- or linear-triangular, 1 lin. long ; corolla rose-coloured,

5-6 lin. long, slightly pubescent ; tube 4-4} lin. long, subcylindric

for about 3 lin. from the base where it is } lin. broad, 1} lin. broad

at the throat; upper lip obcordate, 1} lin. long; lower lip 13-2?

lin. long ; median lobe obcordate, 1}—-1} lin. long, 1}-2 lin. broad ;

lateral lobes very small, rounded. S. scabra, Benth. in DC. Prodr.

xii. 351, partly, not of Linn. f. 8. triangularis, Benth. Le., partly,

not of Thunb.

i ei Recron : Stockenstrom Div. ; Tyumie Berg, Ecklon ! Katberg, 4000 ft.,

w !

m CrentraL Recron : Somerset Div. ; Bosch Berg, near Somerset East, Burchell,

3165!

22. §. triangularis (Thunb. Prodr. 96); stem herbaceous, erect

“or ascending, slender, simple or branched, 6-18 in. high, more or

less pilose ; leaves ovate-deltoid or ovate-rounded, }$—1} in. long,

1-1 in. broad, acute or rounded at the apex, truncate, slightly

cordate, sometimes cuneate or deeply few-lobed at the base, crenate

or crenate-dentate, more or less softly pilose on both sides, sometimes

gland-dotted beneath ; petiole usually }—-1} in. long ; whorls loosely

2-6-flowered, distant, in simple racemes 2-8 in. long ; bracts ovate-

lanceolate, acuminate, much shorter than the calyx ; calyx 34-4 lin.

long, pilose and sometimes slightly gland-dotted outside, puberulous

inside; upper lip truncate, 3-toothed ; teeth broad at the base,

subulate above, 4-1 lin. long, the median shorter than the lateral ;

lower lip bifid; teeth lanceolate-triangular, acuminate, 1-1} lin.

long ; corolla blue, 5-7 lin. long, villous on the upper part outside ;

tube narrowly funnel-shaped, 33-6 lin. long, 5-3 lin. broad at the

base, 1}-1} lin. broad at the throat ; upper lip obovate or elliptic,

14-1} lin. long, entire or emarginate ; lower lip 13-2} lin. long ;

median lobe very broadly obcordate, 1-1} lin. long, 14-2 lin. broad ;

lateral lobes very small, rounded. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. “ee 451;

324 | LABIATA (Skan). [Salvia.

Roem. et Schult. Syst. i. 228, and Mant. i. 187 ; A. Dietr. Sp. Pl.

i. 287; Benth. Lab. 308, in E. Meyer, Comm. 236, and in DC. Prodr.

xii. 351, partly. SS. tenuifolia, Burch. ex Benth. Lab. 304.

Souru AFrRIca: without locality, Ecklon! Thunberg ! and cultivated specimens !

Coast REGIon: Uitenhage Div. ; Enon, 1000-2000 ft., Drege, 7942! hills in

Uitenhage Karroo, Prior! Stockenstrom Div. ; Katberg, 4000 ft., Shaw! British

Kaffraria, Cooper, 396 !

CENTRAL Recton : Somerset Div. ; at Blyde River, Burchell, 2981!

23. S. obtusata (Thunb. Prodr. 97); stem branched and some-

what woody at the base, herbaceous above ; branches ascending, up

to 1 ft. long, terete, glabrous and smooth below, quadrangular

and more or less sparingly covered with very short stiff hairs above ;

leaves elliptic or elliptic-obovate, 3-2 in. long, $-1} in. broad,

usually rounded, often hastate at the base or deeply few-lobed

especially in the lower half, rarely cuneate at the base, mostly

crenate, usually with some rather stiff often long hairs on the

nerves beneath and here and there on the margins ; petiole }—2 in.

long, usually with long rather stiff spreading hairs, sometimes quite

glabrous ; whorls loosely 2—6-flowered, distant, often secund, in

simple or branched racemes 4-8 in. long; bracts broadly ovate,

acuminate, much shorter than the calyx ; pedicels 1-4 lin. long;

calyx 34-41 lin. long, shortly hispidly pubescent outside and inside,

more or less ciliate on the ribs and margins of the lips; upper lip

truncate, 3-toothed ; teeth usually broad at the base and subulate

above, 4—11 lin. long, lower lip bifid; teeth lanceolate- or linear-

triangular, 14 lin, long; corolla narrowly funnel-shaped, 6-8 lin.

long, sparingly pilose outside; tube 43-6} lin. long, ventricose at

the throat; upper lip erect, 14-1? lin. long, 1} lin. broad,

emarginate ; lower lip about 24 lin. long, 3-lobed ; median lobe

broadly obcordate, 1 lin. long, 1} lin. broad; lateral lobes broad,

very short. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 451 ; Roem. et Schult. Syst.

i. 260, and Mant. i. 213; A. Dietr. Sp. Pl. i. 341; Benth. Lab. 308,

and in DC. Prodr. xii. 351. S. marginata, Benth. in E. Meyer,

Comm. 236, and in DOC. Prodr. xii. 351.

SourH Arrica : without locality, Thunberg !

Coast REGIon: Uitenhage Div. ; Ecklon! between Coega River and Sunday

River, Drége, 7944a! Addo, 400-1000 ft., Drége, 7944b! valley and hills of ths

Zwartkops River, 50-500 ft., Zeyher, 3533! Albany Div. ; Grahamstown, Prior!

Curries Kloof, Grahamstown, MacOwan, 556 !

CENTRAL ReEcion: Albert Div., Cooper, 592!

The type specimen of S. obtusata appears to be somewhat depauperate. It is

more slender than the other specimens cited, the few leaves present are thianer,

mostly smaller, cuneate at the base or sometimes slightly hastate, the whorls are

2-flowered, and the pedicels are longer.

24. 8. lasiostachys (Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 350) ; stem herba-

ceous, hispid ; hairs tuberculate at the base ; leaves shortly petiolate,

rigid, semi-orbicular or ovate-suborbicular, 1-14 in. long or more,

up to 2 in. broad, cordate-truncate at the base, broadly dentate,

hispid and green on both sides; whorls 6-10-flowered, lax, about

Salvia. | LABIATA (Skan). 325

4 in. apart, in a simple raceme; rhachis densely hispid ; bracts

narrowly ovate, acuminate, very small; calyx 4} lin. long, hispid

outside, puberulous inside, otherwise as in S. aurita; corolla about

twice as long as the calyx, villous.

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div., Ecklon, 62!

25. 8. namaensis (Schinz in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb.

xxxi. 208) ; a perennial branched herb woody in the lower part, or

almost an undershrub, 14-34} ft. high, erect, the leaves and calyxes

emitting (when rubbed) a camphor-like odour: branches woolly,

leafy ; leaves petiolate, elongate-obovate or oblong, lyrate-pinnatifid,

up to 1? in. long, }-1 in. broad, narrowed to apex and base, gland-

dotted, pilose, somewhat rugose ; lateral lobes 2—4 each side, rather

smaller than the terminal, obtuse, about 2} lin. long and 1-1} lin.

broad, all irregularly crenate ; whorls 2—6-flowered, 4—6 lin. apart,

in lax terminal racemes up to 8 in. long; bracts ovate-lanceolate to

lanceolate, much shorter than the calyx; pedicels slender, $—24 lin.

long, bluish ; calyx narrowly campanulate, 34—4 lin. long, sparingly

and shortly pubescent, sparingly gland-dotted, ciliate on the teeth ;

upper lip 14 lin. long, 3-toothed ; teeth lanceolate-triangular, }—}

lin. long, acuminate ; lower lip 1$ lin. long, bifid; teeth lanceolate-

triangular, about 1 lin. long, acuminate ; corolla whitish, 74 lin.

long ; tube about 5 lin. long, subcylindric below, rather wider from

the middle to the throat and recurved, annular-pilose 2 lin. from

the base; upper lip oblong, 34-3} lin. long, 14-1} lin. broad, 2-

lobed ; lower lip 4} lin. long; median lobe transversely oblong,

narrowed at the base, 2} lin. long, 2? lin. broad, broadly emarginate ;

lateral lobes rounded-ovate, about | lin. long and broad; stamens

and style long-exserted.

WEsTERN Recion: Great Namaqualand ; Tiras, Schinz, 30!

26. S. Burchellii (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1901, 130); a weak

perennial herb, somewhat woody at the base, up to about 1 ft. high,

ascending, much branched, rather densely and shortly grey-

tomentose on the branches and underside of the leaves, or in places

almost woolly ; leaves rather crowded, shortly petiolate, subdeltoid

or ovate-oblong, pinnatipartite, $—-1 in. long, bullate-rugose, crisped,

shortly hispid above, gland-dotted; lobes 2 or 3 on each side,

narrowly oblong, 1—24 lin. long, $—1 lin. broad, obtuse, irregularly

crenate or almost lobulate ; whorls usually 2-flowered, rarely up to

6-flowered, 2—4 lin. apart, in terminal racemes 1-2 in. long; lower

bracts leaf-like ; upper broadly ovate, apiculate or acuminate, much

shorter than the calyx; pedicels 4-1} lin. long; calyx tubular-

campanulate, 22 lin. long, rather densely covered with short curled

grey hairs, scarcely tomentose, gland-dotted ; tube 13-2 lin. long ;

upper lip 2 lin. long, 3-toothed ; teeth ovate-deltoid, }—} lin. long ;

lower lip bifid; teeth narrowly deltoid or lanceolate-triangular,

1} lin, long, acuminate ; corolla 4-4} lin. long, somewhat tomentose

326 LABIATA (Skan). [Salvia

outside ; tube subcylindric, 3 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad at the throat,

annular-pilose inside 1} lin. from the base ; upper lip elliptic, 1} lin.

long, emarginate ; lower lip 2-23 lin. long ; median lobe broadly

obovate, 1} lin. long, 13 lin. broad, slightly emarginate ; lateral

lobes smaller, rounded. S. scabra, Benth. Lab. 305, partly, not of

Linn. f. 8. runcinata, var. crispa, Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 237,

and in DC. Prodr. xii. 352, partly.

Var. B, hispidula (Skan) ; branches and the underside of the leaves covered

with short somewhat hispid hairs, not tomentose. S. scabra, Benth. Lab. 305,.

partly, not of Linn. f. 8S. runcinata, var. B, crispa, Benth, in DC. Prod. xii. 852,

partly. :

Sourn Arrica: without locality, var. B, Thom, 209! Ecklon, 77!

CEenTrRAL Recion: Victoria West Div. ; Winterveld, between Nieuwjaars.

Fontein and Ezels Fontein, 3000-4000 ft., Drége, 803 ! Richmond Div. ; Rhenoster

Poort, Burchell, 2120!

The locality given by Bentham for Drége’s specimen is Nieuwveld.

27, S. stenophylla (Burch. ex Benth. Lab. 306) ; an erect weak

perennial much-branched herb, 3-1} ft. high ; branches suberect,

giving the plant a pyramidal form, often very slender, almost.

glabrous or usually with a few short stiff hairs, gland-dotted ; leaves

shortly petiolate or subsessile, linear to lanceolate-oblong, pinnatifid

to pinnatisect, 34 (usually 14-23) in. long, 3-10 (usually 3-6) lin.

broad, very sparingly shortly and stiffly hairy chiefly on the nerves.

beneath, densely gland-dotted ; lateral lobes usually 6-12 each side,

smallest towards the apex, subdeltoid to linear-oblong, 4-6 (usually

14-4) lin. long, about 3-14 lin. broad, subacute to rounded, denti-

culate, often crisped ; whorls usually 6-flowered, distant, in slender

racemes 3-7 in. long terminating the numerous branches ; bracts.

ovate, acuminate, shorter than the calyx ; pedicels about 1 lin.

long; calyx tubular-campanulate, 24-2} lin. long, sparingly and

minutely hispidly hairy, densely gland-dotted ; upper lip 1-1} lin.

long, with 3 short apiculate or acuminate teeth ; lower lip 1-1} lin.

long, bifid; teeth lanceolate-triangular, 3-1 lin. long, acute or

acuminate ; corolla blue or lilac, 4—5 lin. long; tube 24-3} lin. long,

ventricose at the throat, annular-pilose inside about 1 lin. from the

base; upper lip suborbicular, 1}—-1} lin. long and broad, slightly

emarginate ; lower lip 2-2} lin. long; median lobe transversely

oblong, narrowed at the base, about 1 lin. long, 12 lin. broad,

slightly emarginate ; lateral lobes short, rounded. Benth. in E.

Meyer, Comm, 238, and in DO. Prodr. xii. 353.

Var. B, subintegra (Skan); leaves (only the upper seen) minutely undulate-

denticulate, not deeply toothed to pinnatisect.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1336!

Coast Recon: Uitenhage Div.; hills in Uitenhage Karroo, Prior! Fort

Beaufcrt Div. ; Kat River Poort, Drége, 7946b! Ceded Territory (ex Bentham),.

Ecklon! Queenstown Div. ; Queenstown, Cooper, 2893 ! plains near Queenstown,

3500 ft., Galpin, 1645! Imvane, Baur, 82! Shiloh, 3500 ft., Baur, 941!

CeNTRAL RecIon: Graaff Reinet Div. ; around Graaff Reinet, MacOwan, 995 !

Bolus, 734! Beaufort West Div. ; between Beaufort West and Rhenoster Kop,

Salvia. | LABIATA (Skan). 327

2500-3000 ft., Drége, 7946a! Albert Div. ; Stormberg Spruit, Burke, Colesberg

Div. ; Colesberg, Shaw !

Kabanart ReGion: Griqualand West ; Griqua Town, Burchell, 1881! Orange

River Colony ; Witte Bergen, Bowker, 658! Orange and Caledon Rivers, Burke!

Mrs, Hutton! Harrismith, sankey, 229! Bethlehem, Richardson ! Bechuanaland ;

Batlapin Territory, Holub! Transvaal; Potchefstroom, Fry in Herb. Galpin, 6167 !

Burtt-Davy, 2707! Warm Bath, Burtt-Davy, 2607! Var. 8: Bechuanaland ;

Batlapin Territory, Holub !

EastERN REGION: Natal; Weenen County, Wood, 3581! near Gourton,

4300 ft., Wood, 3631!

Salvia xerobia, Briq. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2”° sér. iii. 1076, we have not seen.

We suspect that it is the same as S. stenophylla, in which the calyx is never quite

glabrous, and its teeth are more or less spinescent-acuminate. The plant is

usually very freely branched.

28. S. runcinata (Linn. f. Suppl. 89) ; a perennial herb with a long

woody subterranean caudex ; stem erect, rather slender, simple or

branched in the upper part, up to 1} ft. high or more, densely

covered with slender mostly short hairs ; leaves shortly petiolate or

the upper subsessile, oblong-lanceolate or oblong-obovate, runcinate-

pinnatipartite or coarsely erose-dentate to pinnatifid towards the

apex, 4-34 in. long, }-l}in. broad, acute, somewhat hispidly

pubescent both sides, scabrous, slightly rugose and crisped ; terminal

lobe large and elliptic in the basal leaves, smaller and triangular in

the upper; lateral lobes 3—5 each side, more or less distant, oblong

to oblong-lanceolate, 3-7 lin. long, 14-4 lin. broad, usually acute,

erose-dentate ; whorls usually 2—6-flowered, very distant, in terminal

racemes 3-12 in. long; bracts ovate, acuminate, shorter than the

calyx ; calyx campanulate, 24-34 lin. long, slightly larger in fruit,

somewhat hispidly hairy, densely gland-dotted ; upper lip 1-1? lin.

long, truncate, 3-toothed ; teeth subulate from a broad base, j-§

lin. long, spinescent ; lower lip bifid ; teeth lanceolate-triangular,

3-14 lin. long, spinescent; corolla blue, 23-4} lin. long; tube

funnel-shaped, 13-3 lin. long ; upper lip obovate, 1-14 lin. long,

emarginate ; lower lip 1}-2} lin. long ; median lobe broadly obovate,

3-1} lin. long, 1-2 lin. broad, emarginate ; lateral Icbes smaller,

rounded. Thunb. Prodr. 97, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 452; Vahl,

Enum. i. 260; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, i. 58; Roem. et Schult. Syst. i.

260, and Mant. i. 213; A. Dietr. Sp. Pl. i. 343; Benth. Lab. 305,

and in DC. Prodr. xii. 352 partly ; Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. i. 5, t.8. 8.

runcinata, var. major, Benth. m DC. Prodr. xii. 352. SB. scabra,

Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 236, and in DC. Prodr, xii. 351, partly,

not of Linn. f.

Var. 8, nana (Skan); very dwarf, the entire plant only 6 in. high or less;

leaves 2-4 in. long, pinnatipartite, often purplish above ; terminal lobe subelliptic,

up to 14 in. long, 10-11 lin. broad, rounded ; lateral lubes 3 or 4 each side, 3-8

lin. long, 2-3 lin, broad, rounded.

Var. y, grandiflora (Skan) ; corolla about 5 lin. long. S, scabra, var, angustt-

folia, Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 236, and in DC. Prodr, xii. 351,

Sout Arrica: without locality, Thunberg! and cultivated specimens !

Coast Recton: Caledon Div.; Caledon, Prior! Riversdale Div.; near the

Zoetemelks River, Burchell, 6624! Uitenhage Div. ; Zwartkops River, Zeyher,

328 LABIATA (Skan). [ Salvia.

397! Var. y: Albany Div.; Savdy Drift, near Grahamstown, Miss Daly, 937!

Trapps Valley, Miss Daly, 680! and without precise locality, Bowker !

Centra, Reaion: Var. y: Victoria West Div. ; Nieuwveld, Dréye, 4750c !

Albert Div. ; New Hantam, //rége, 7945!

Kaanart Recion: Griqualand West; left bank of the Vaal River, probably

near Kimberley, Holub! Transvaal; Waterval Boven, Burtt-Davy, 1453! Carolina

District, Leeuwpoort, 5000 ft.. Burtt-Davy, 7347! Fourteen Streams, Burtt-Davy,

1556! Var. 8: Transvaal; Skinners Court, Pretoria, Burtt-Davry, 606! road to

Wonderboom, Miss Leendertz, 965 !

Eastern Recion: Transkei; between the Gekau (Geua) and Bashee Rivers,

Drége, 4750a !

29. 8. sisymbrifolia (Skan) ; stem herbaceous, | ft. high or more,

erect, branched, leafy, somewhat densely covered with white more

or less curled hairs or here and there glabrescent ; leaves shortly

petiolate, lyrate-pinnatisect, 24-4} in. long, {-1? in. broad, very

sparingly pubescent or almost glabrescent above, sparingly or

densely pubescent on the nerves beneath, gland-dotted ; terminal

lobe elliptic or broadly ovate, 3-1? in. long, up to 1} in. broad,

rounded or rarely somewhat acute, like the lateral lobes more or less

coarsely toothed or sometimes lobed ; lateral lobes usually about

5 each side, opposite, subopposite or rarely alternate, often with

naked portions of the midrib between them, very irregular in shape

and size, more or less oblong, 4—13 lin. long, 2-7 lin. broad, usually

rounded ; whorls 6-flowered, 6—9 lin. apart, in slender short racemes

or few-branched panicles terminating the stem and upper branches ;

bracts broadly ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, ciliate, shorter

than the calyx, or the lower as long as or longer than the calyx ;

pedicels }—-1} lin. long ; calyx campanulate, 24-3 lin. Jong, pubescent,

gland-dotted ; tube 1-1} lin. long ; upper lip 1-1} lin. long, 3-toothed,

finally subtruncate ; teeth subulate from a broad base or sometimes

lanceolate, }—1 lin. long ; lower lip bifid ; teeth lanceolate-triangular,

acuminate, 1 lin. long; corolla 23-3 lin. long, lavender, pubescent

outside on the upper part; tube 2~21 lin. long, slightly enlarged

upwards, 1—1} lin. broad at the throat, slightly annular-pilose about

} lin. from the base; upper lip ovate or obovate, emarginate, about

1 lin. long and broad ; lower lip 14 lin. long; median lobe broadly

obcordate, 3-1 lin, long, 1} lin. broad ; lateral lobes smaller, rounded ;

stamens and style slightly exserted.

KaLaHARI Recon : Transvaal ; Matebe Valley, Holub, 1768 ! near Lydenburg,

Wilms, 1109! Pretoria, 4500 ft., Burtt-Davy, 7079! Wonderfontein, Marico

District, about 3590 ft., Burtt-Dary, 7233! and without precise locality, Holub !

Eastern Recion: Natal ; Colenso, 3300 ft., Wood, 4042! Zululand ? Ingoma,

Gerrard, 1227!

30. 8. repens (Burch. ex Benth. Lab. 306); a perennial herb ;

stem creeping and branched at the base underground, the aerial

part ascending, up to 2 ft. high or more, usually simple, weak,

flexuose, very sparingly hispidly puberulous; leaves somewhat

tufted at the base, and in very distant pairs on the stem, the lower

petiolate, the upper sessile, lanceolate, oblong or sometimes obovate-

Salvia. | LABIATA (Skan). 329

oblong, pinnatifid or sometimes only slightly lobed, almost quite

glabrous, or very sparingly pubescent chiefly on the nerves beneath ;

blade 2-4 in. long, $-14 in. broad, usually acute; terminal lobe

about 1 in. long and } in. broad; lateral lobes 2-5 each side, sub-

deltoid, acute, 3-5 lin. long, 14-4 lin. broad, broadly toothed like

the terminal lobe; whorls usually 6-flowered, distant, in slender

mostly unbranched racemes up to 1 ft. long; bracts ovate,

acuminate or lanceolate, shorter than the calyx or the lower some-

times longer ; pedicels up to 2 lin. long ; calyx narrowly campanu-

late, 31-4 lin. long, somewhat hispidly pubescent, gland-dotted ;

tube 1}-2 lin. long; upper lip 13-2 lin. long, 3-toothed ; teeth

subulate, sometimes much broadened at the base, 4-1} lin. long ;

lower lip 14—2 lin. long, bifid ; teeth linear-triangular, 14—1# lin. long ;

corolla blue or mauve, 6-8 lin. long; tube 35-6 lin. long, funnel-

shaped, somewhat ventricose, annular-pilose inside about 1} lin.

from the base ; upper lip oblong-obovate, 2—2} lin. long, emarginate

or shortly 2-lobed ; lower lip 24-3 lin. long ; median lobe broadly

obcordate, 14-2 lin. long, 13-25 lin. broad; lateral lobes short,

rounded. Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 353. 8S. incisa, Benth. in DC.

Prodr. xii. 352. S. subsessilis, Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 237, and

in DO. Prodr, xii. 352 partly.

Coast Recion: Alexandria Div. ; Zuurberg Range, 2000-3000 ft., Drége,

4761b partly! Albany Div. ; Blauw Krantz Bridge, near Grahamstown, Galpin,

370!

CentraL Region: Somerset Div.; damp places near the Bosch Berg,

3000 ft.; MacOwan, 1591! Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft.,

Bolus, 259! near Wagenpads Berg, on the southern side, Burchell, 2830! in

valleys of the Sneeuwberg Range, 3800 ft., Bolus, 130! Middelburg Div. ;

Culmstock, about 3800 ft., Mrs. Southey in Herb. Galpin, 5882! Wodehouse

Div. ; Zuur Poort, Stormberg Range, Heklon ! Albert Div., Cooper, 587 ! 2886 !

Ecklon’s specimen, the type of S. incisa, Benth., is from the Wodehouse

Division, if the number 112 on the sheet is the locality number (see Linnwxa, xix.

584-598, and xx. 258).

Cooper’s 2886 is labelled ‘‘ Natal,” apparently an error for Albert Division,

where his other specimen of the plant was collected.

S. natalensis, Briq. & Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss, 2" sér. iii. 1078 (Harrismith,

Orange River Colony, Wood, 4972, and near the Kei River, Komgha Division,

Coast Region, Schlechter, 6232) is, judging from the first mentioned specimen

which we have seen through the kindness of Mr. J. Medley Wood, so much like

one of the two specimens on the type sheet of S. subsessilis, Benth., referred in

this work to 8. repens; that we are unable to find any distinguishing characters

for it.

31. S. monticola (Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 238, partly); a

perennial herb; stems arising from a thick woody caudex, 8-10 in.

high, simple or sparingly branched, erect or ascending, rather stout,

often rigid, puberulous to villous, somewhat scabrous ; basal leaves

petiolate, oblanceolate, 14-3 in. long including the petiole, 4—9 lin.

broad, rounded, crenate or crenate-dentate above the middle, few-

lobed below ; cauline leaves subsessile, lanceolate or narrowly

oblong, 1-2 in. long, 3-6 lin. broad, pinnatifid to pinnatipartite,

330 LABIATE (Skan). [ Salvia.

hispidly pubescent chiefly on the nerves beneath, prominently gland-

dotted, crisped, rugose ; terminal lobe oblong to elliptic, 3-6 lin.

long, 2—4 lin. broad, somewhat acute or rounded, erose-dentate ;

lateral lobes usually 4 each side, rather distant, ovate-triangular,

1-3 lin. long, }-14 lin. broad, usually acute, erose-dentate ; whorls

4—6-flowered, 8-10 lin. apart, in terminal racemes 3-4 in. long ;

bracts orbicular-ovate, shortly acuminate, much shorter than the

calyx ; calyx about 34 lin. long, shortly hispid, gland-dotted ; tube

2 lin. long ; upper lip 14—14 lin. long, finally subtruncate, 3-toothed ;

teeth subulate, $-} lin. long; lower lip 14-1# lin. long; teeth

lanceolate-triangular, 1-1} lin. long ; corolla 54-6 lin. long, pubescent ;

tube 3} lin. long, inflated at the throat, annular-pilose near the

base inside ; upper lip 2-23 lin. long, 2-lobed; lower lip 3—4 lin.

long ; median lobe transversely oblong or broadly rounded-ovate,

1#-24 lin. long, 34 lin. broad ; lateral lobes short, broad, rounded.

DC. Prodr. xii. 353, partly.

Var. B, angustiloba (Skan) ; all the leaves deeply lobed from base to apex ;

lobes narrower, more acute, acutely toothed, often less than #? lin. broad.

S. monticola, Benth. in E, Meyer, Comm, 238, and in DC. Prodr, xii. 353, partly.

Coast REGIon: Stockenstrom Div. ; Katberg, Miss Sole, 374! Queenstown

Div.; Winterberg, Ecklon! Catheart Div.; Blesbok Flats, near Windvogel

Mountain, Drége, 7946a !

Eastern Recion: Transkei ; between the Geua and Bashee Rivers, 1000-2000

ft., Drége, 7946c ! Tembuland ? Bramneck, Baur, 76! Griqualand East ; around

Kokstad, Tyson, 1893! and in MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm, Austr.-Afr.,

578! Natal, Cooper, 2888! Var. 8: Transkei ; between the Geua and Bashee

Rivers, Dréye, 4751!

We suspect that S, Schlechteri, Brig. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér. iii. 1077

(Schlechter 6330, from Umtata, Tembuland, not seen by us) is the same as

S. monticola, var. angustiloba,

32. 8. raphanifolia (Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm, 237); stem

herbaceous, erect, about 1} ft. high, densely covered with short

velvety deflexed hairs; leaves velvety pubescent, densely gland-

dotted ; lower leaves petiolate, lyrate-pinnatifid, up to 3 in. long;

terminal lobe ovate-oblong, 3-1} in. long, 4-9 lin. broad, somewhat

acute, often hastate at the base, erose-dentate ; lateral lobes ovate

or oblong, up to $ in. long and broad, rounded or somewhat acute ;

upper leaves sessile, oblong-ovate, 11-13 in. long, 6—7 lin. broad,

rounded or hastate at the base, erose-dentate, somewhat rugose ;

whorls 6—10-flowered, distant, in simple racemes or few-branched

panicles 5-8 in. long; bracts broadly ovate, shortly acuminate,

much shorter than the calyx ; pedicels about 1 lin. long, villous ;

calyx tubular-campanulate, 24 lin. long, pubescent, gland-dotted ;

upper lip about 1 lin. long, 3-toothed ; teeth deltoid-ovate, }—3 lin.

long, acuminate ; lower lip about 1 lin. long, bifid ; teeth broadly

lanceolate-triangular, about } lin. long; corolla about 44 lin. long,

sparingly pubescent outside; tube 2? lin. long, cylindric below,

ventricose at the throat, pilose inside chiefly on the lower side

1} lin. from the base; upper lip broadly oblong, 1% lin. long,

Salvia. | LABIATZ (Skan). 331

emarginate; lower lip 24 lin. long ; median lobe transversely

oblong, narrowed at the base, or obcordate, 1-1} lin. long, 13-2} lin.

broad ; lateral lobes short, rounded. DO. Prodr. xii. 352.

Coast Rroron: Albany Div., Bowker ! Cathcart Div.; Blesbok Flats, 3000—

4000 ft., Drége, 7943! without precise locality, Prior !

33. S. Peglere (Skan); stem herbaceous, simple or sparingly

branched, up to about 1} ft. high, slender (only about 1 lin. in

diam.), densely covered as well as the rhachis with rather short soft

often recurved greyish hairs which are sometimes minutely gland-

tipped ; internodes 1-24 in. long ; cauline leaves petiolate or the

upper sessile or subsessile, elliptic to elliptic-oblong, the larger

14-21 in. long, 1-1} in. broad, broadly rounded to slightly acute at

the apex, slightly cordate-sagittate or somewhat hastate at the

base, or sometimes with a little irregular lobing at the base, shortly

and irregularly dentate or crenate, softly pubescent on both sides:

especially on the nerves beneath, thin ; petiole from 11 lin. long in

the lower leaves to 1 lin. long in the upper; whorls usually

6-flowered, }—1} in. apart, in terminal racemes 3-5 in. long ; bracts

ovate, 3} lin. long ; pedicels 14-1} lin. long in flower, 23 jin. long

in fruit; calyx 3-3} lin. long in flower up to 4} lin. long in fruit,

clothed with sessile glands and with rather long soft spreading hairs

which are sometimes minutely gland-tipped ; upper lip 1-2 lin.

long, 3-toothed ; teeth broadly deltoid at the base, subulate above,

2-1 lin. long, with a broad sinus between them; lower lip bifid,

13-2} lin. long; teeth narrowly deltoid at the base, subulate above,

14-14 lin. long ; corolla lilac or purple, 5}-6 lin. long ; tube 33-4}

lin. long, about 1} lin. broad at the slightly ventricose upper part,

imperfectly annular-pilose inside; upper lip broadly obovate, 1? lin.

long and broad, emarginate ; lower lip 2} lin. long; median lobe

oblate-obovate, 14 lin. long, 2-24 lin. broad, retuse or emarginate ;

lateral lobes 2 lin. long, } lin. broad, rounded ; stamens shorter or

slightly longer than the upper lip.

Coast Reaion : East London Div. ; Fort Pato, in grassy fields, Galpin, 7830 !

Eastern Recron : Transkei ; Kentani District, in valleys and along roadsides,

1200 ft., Miss Pegler, 196!

Distinguished from S. raphanifolia, Benth., by the much broader leaves, the

lower of which are distinctly petiolate. Miss Pegler states that a valuable lotion

for ophthalmia is obtained from it.

34. S. rudis (Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 235); stem herbaceous,

simple, rather slender, about 1 #t. high, densely covered as well as

the leaves and inflorescence with somewhat hispid hairs; basal

leaves long-petiolate ; cauline shortly petiolate or the upper sessile ;

blade elliptic or oblong-obovate, i-2} in. long, $-1} in. broad,

rounded to subacute, crenate or erose-dentate, somewhat crisped on

the margins, rugose ; whorls usually 6-flowered, distant, in simple

racemes 4—6 in. long; bracts ovate, acuminate, shorter than the

calyx ; calyx 4} lin. long, somewhat hispidly hairy outside, finely

332 LABIATA (Skan). [Salwia.

pubescent inside, 10-nerved; upper lip 2 lin. long, truncate,

3-toothed; teeth subulate, pungent, }?-1 lin. long, the median

shorter than the others; lower lip 2} lin. long, deeply bifid; teeth

lanceolate-subulate, pungent, 24 lin. long, incurved ; corolla 7} lin.

long, shortly pilose on the upper part outside ; tube funnel-shaped,

4} lin. long, 24 lin. broad at the throat, annular-pilose near the

base inside; upper lip erect, 3 lin. long, about 2 lin. broad,

emarginate ; lower lip 2} lin. long; median lobe transversely

oblong, 14 lin. long, 2 lin. broad; lateral] lobes very short, rounded,

DC. Prodr, xii. 350. S. subsessilis, Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 237,

and in DC. Prodr. xii. 352, partly.

Coast Recion : Uitenhage Div., Hcklon ex Bentham. Alexandria Div. ; Zuurberg

Range, 2000-3000 ft., Drége, 4761b partly! Albany Div. ; Grahamstown, Burke !

Bolton! Williamson !

Eastern Recion: Natal; between Umzimkulu River and Umkomanzi River,

Drége, 4748!

35. 8. Woodii (Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 76); a perennial

herb with a creeping subterranean woody caudex ; stem erect, often

fastigiately branched, rarely simple, somewhat densely pilose,

$-1} ft. high; lower leaves subsessile or shortly petiolate, up to

4 in. long, }-1} in. broad ; upper sessile, gradually smaller, oblong,

lanceolate-oblong or oblanceolate-oblong, rounded to acute, crenate

or erose-dentate, occasionally few-lobed in the lower half, shortly

pilose, usually more or less rugose, gland-dotted ; whorls usually

§—10-flowered, distant, in simple or branched racemes 5-12 in. long ;

bracts broadly ovate or suborbicular, long-acuminate, shorter than

the calyx ; pedicels 1-2 in. long; calyx campanulate, 34-3} lin.

long, slightly longer after flowering, often densely pilose, gland-

dotted; upper lip finally subtruncate, 3-toothed ; teeth subulate,

4-1 lin. long; lower lip bifid; teeth lanceolate-triangular, 14-2 lin.

long, acuminate ; corolla pale blue or lilac, about 5 lin. long, shortly

pubescent; tube funnel-shaped, 24—3 lin. long, annular-pilose inside ;

upper lip 14-2 lin. long ; lower lip 2—24 lin. long.

Kaanart Recion: Orange River Colony ; Bloemfontein, Rehmann, 3840.

Transvaal ; Hoogeveld, Perekopberg, Rehmann, 6842. Standerton, Rehmann,

6780, 6781! Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6165! Aapies Poort, Rehmann, 4112! Aapies

River, Miss Leendertz, 967 !

Eastern Recion: Natal ; Weenen County, Wood. Bank of the Mooi River,

Wood, 992, 3621! Movi River Station, Kuntze. Near Newcastle, 3800 ft., Wood,

6801 !

S. Schenckii, Briq. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér. iii. 1079 (Orange River Colony,

between Harrismith and the Vaal River, Schenck, 732) we have not seen. We are

unable from the description to distinguish it from S. Woodii.

36. 8. Cooperi (Skan); a perennial herb with a woody subter-

ranean caudex ; stem branched, erect, up to 14 ft. high or more,

#-1 lin. in diam., more or less covered with slender hairs; inter-

nodes 14~3 in. long ; lower leaves petiolate, upper sessile, lanceolate-

oblong or sometimes elliptic-obovate, the lower about 2 in. long

(rarely up to 34 in. long), 6-11 lin. broad, the upper gradually

Salvia. | LABIATA (Skan). 333

becoming smaller, rounded, obtuse or acute at the apex, rounded or

slightly narrowed at the base, rather regularly crenate, irregularly

erose-dentate or sometimes only slightly undulate, occasionally lobed

in the lower part, prominently 5- or 6- nerved each side, sparingly

covered with short stiff hairs above, hispid on the nerves beneath

or almost glabrous, densely gland-dotted ; petiole 2-10 lin. long ;

whorls 2—6-flowered, distant, in a terminal simple or few-branched

raceme 3-12 in. long; bracts ovate, spinescent-acuminate, shorter

than the calyx ; pedicels 1—2 lin. long, villous ; calyx campanulate,

31-33 lin. long, about 4 lin. long when mature, rather sparingly

pubescent, gland-dotted ; tube 1} lin. long; upper lip about 2 lin.

long, finally truncate, 3-toothed ; teeth subulate from a broad base,

4-3 lin, long, spinescent ; lower lip about 13 lin. long, bifid ; teeth

linear- or lanceolate-triangular, 14 lin. long, spinescent ; corolla pale

blue or purple-blue, 63-7 lin. long, puberulous ; tube broad, 34-47

lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad at the base, broadly ventricose at the

throat, slightly recurved ; upper lip obovate-oblong, 24-3 lin. long,

bilobed ; lower lip 3-4} lin. long ; median lobe broadly obcordate,

13-21 lin. long, nearly 24-3} lin. broad ; lateral lobes shorter,

rounded.

Katanart Recon: Orange River Colony ; Besters Vlei, near Witzies Hoek,.

Bolus, 8237 !

Eastern Recion: Griqualand East; Vaal Bank, Haygarth in Herb. Wood,

4190! Natal, Cooper, 1279 ! Southdowns, 5000-6000 ft., Evans, 389!

Cooper, 2889, from Natal, a juvenile specimen, is probably the same species.

It has deeply lobed basal leaves up to 34 in. long.

S. Cooper closely resembles S. Woodii, Guerke, and the larger-flowered form of

S. runcinata, Linn. f., but it has much larger flowers than either. From 8. repens,

Burch., it differs in its dwarfer branched habit and in having usually much

smaller less-lobed leaves.

Imperfectly known Species.

37. 8. granitica (Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 65); an undershrub ;

stem simple, 1 ft. high, minutely hairy ; leaves oblong-lanceolate,

almost quite entire or serrate-dentate in the upper part, prominently

net-veined beneath, shining (glutinous ?), somewhat hispid ; whorls

few-flowered, in simple or slightly branched racemes ; pedicels short,.

pubescent ; bracts rather small ; calyx 2-lipped ; teeth cuspidate,

Coast Recron: Caledon Div., at the foot of Babylon's Tower Mountain, in

granitic soil, Arauss, 1120.

38. 8. lanuginosa (Burm. f. Fil. Cap. Prodr. 1); lower leaves.

lunulate ; upper oblong, tomentose.

SourH Arrica : without locality, Oldenland ex Burmann,

XVII. CEDRONELLA, Moench.

Calyx tubular or campanulate, 13-15-nerved, subequal or oblique

at the mouth, equally 5-toothed. Corolla-tube exserted, enlarged at

the throat, exannulate inside; limb 2-lipped; upper lip erect ;

334 LABIAT (Skan). | Cedronella.

somewhat flat, 2-fid or emarginate ; lower spreading, 3-fid, with the

median lobe largest. Stamens 4, didynamous, the upper longer than

the lower, ascending under the upper lip or exserted ; anthers

2-celled ; cells parallel, distinct. Disk subequal. Style shortly

2-fid at the apex ; lobes subulate, subequal. Nutlets ovoid, smooth.

Herbs or shrubs ; leaves toothed or in 1 species 3-foliate, the floral reduced to

bracts; whorls loosely few-flowered or densely many-flowered, crowded in a

terminal spike or raceme ; bracteoles small, setaceous ; corolla red, violet, purple

or blue, often showy.

g Disrris. Species 12, chiefly natives of North and Central America; 1 in

Japan.

1. C. triphylla (Moench, Meth. 412); plant with an odour of

balsam ; stem tall, woody at the base, herbaceous above, simple or

branched, sharply 4-angled, glabrous or nearly so; leaves petiolate,

3-foliolate ; leaflets Janceolate, acuminate, 1-3} in. long, 4-1} in.

broad, the median larger than the lateral and stalked, crenate or

crenate-serrate, glabrous or pubescent beneath; lateral leaflets

subsessile, oblique at the base, sometimes unequally 2-lobed ; petiole

4-1} (usually }4~1}) in. long; whorls 6~—12-flowered, in dense

sometimes slightly interrupted oblong terminal spikes 1—24 in. long ;

calyx tubular-campanulate, about 5 lin. long, pubescent, gland-

dotted; teeth equal, lanceolate-triangular, subulate at the apex,

1} lin. long ; corolla about 9 lin. long, tawny-purple, marbled ; tube

narrow at the base, very much dilated towards the throat. Benth.

Lab. 502, and in DO. Prodr. xii. 406. ©. canariensis, Webb et

Berth. Phyt. Canar. iii. 87. ©. canariensis viscosa, etc., Commel.

Hort. Amstel. ii, 81, t. 41. Dracocephalum canariense, Linn. Sp. Pl.

ed. ii. 829.

Coast ReGion: Cape: Div.; Devils Peak, 900 ft., Bolus, 4624! thicket near

Blockhouse, Wolley Dod, 684! Caledon Div.; Caledon, Mrs. Southey in Herb.

Galpin, 7850 |

Introduced. A native of the Canaries and Madeira.

XVIII. ACROTOME, Benth.

Calyx tubular-campanulate, slightly oblique or almost equal at the

mouth, 10- or 1l-nerved, 5—11-toothed. Corolla-tube as long as the

calyx or exserted, exannulate inside; limb 2-lipped; upper lip

erect, slightly arched, entire or emarginate; lower lip spreading,

3-lobed, the median lobe larger than the lateral. Stamens 4,

didynamous, the lower pair longer than the upper, included ;

anthers 1-celled by confluence, of the upper stamens short, ovate, of

the lower oblong, twice as long. Disk equal. Style included,

barbate at the apex, almost entire or very shortly 2-fid. Nuélets

triquetrous, truncate at the apex. |

Herb or undershrubs ; leaves entire or toothed, the floral similar to the others

or gradually reduced in size ; whorls few- or densely many-flowered, in the axils

of is Ae leaves ; flowers small, sessile ; calyx in the fruiting-stage more or less

enlarged.

Acrotome. | LABIATA (Skan).

Distrip. Species 6, in South and South Tropical Africa.

Plant 1-14 ft. high; whorls usually solitary, densely

very many-flowered, forming a large globose head .., (1) inflata.

Plant 3-10 in. high ; whorls usually 2-4, 2-10-flowered :

Leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate, much longer than

broad ; plant minutely puberulous or very shortly

pubescent :

Calyx 5-toothed at iy one A ... (2) pallescens,

Calyx 8-1l-toothed ... ae ive ies ... (8) Thorneroftii.

Leaves usually obovate and often scarcely longer than

broad ; plant densely hispid ts Se ... (4) hispida.

1. A. inflata (Benth. in DC. Prodr, xii. 436); an erect villous

branched annual herb 1—14 ft. high ; leaves usually shortly petiolate,

oblong-lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate or ovate, ?~2 in. long, }—1 in.

broad or more, broadly crenate-serrate from the middle to the apex,

‘shortly and densely pilose on both sides; whorls defsely many-

flowered, in usually a solitary globose head ?—1 in. in diam. in the

axils of the upper leaves ; bracts narrowly linear, pilose, somewhat

shorter than the calyx; calyx 3-3} lin. long in flower, about 7 lin.

long and somewhat inflated in fruit, 5-toothed; teeth deltoid or

subulate, 1—14 lin. long, spinescent ; corolla very pale mauve, about

as long as the calyx. Oliv. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1467.

Coast Recton: Queenstown Div.; Shiloh, about 3500 ft., Baur, 784! plains

at Queenstown and Sterkstroom, 3500-4000 ft., Galpin, 1505!

CrenTraL Reeron: Steynsburg Div.; Zuurberg Range, Burke! Albert Div.,

Cooper, 1882!

Katanart Recion: Bechuanaland; Eastern Bamanguato Territory, Holub !

Transvaal; Linokana, Holub! near Viljoens Drift, Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin,

7148! Nylstroom, Mrs. de Jongh in Herb. Galpin, 6500!

Also in Hereroland and Ngamiland.

2. A. pallescens (Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 436); a minutely

puberulous branched undershrub ; branches twiggy, slender, 2}—10

in. long; leaves very shortly petiolate, distant, oblong or oblong-

lanceolate, 4—8 lin. long, 1-3 lin. broad, obtuse, narrowed at the

base, dentate at the apex; whorls few, distant, 2—6-flowered ;

bracts minute ; calyx 3-3} lin. long, 5-toothed, minutely puberulous ;

teeth deltoid at the base, subulate above, }~1 lin. long, spinescent ;

corolla about 5 lin. long, densely pilose; tube 34 lin. long, slender.

Stachys Steingroevert, Brig. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 193, and in Bull.

Herb. Boiss. 2” sér. iii. 1096.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Drége | 7951!

Western Reaion: Great Namaqualand, Steingroever, 11. Little Namaqualand,

Wyley, 92!

3. A. Thorncroftii (Skan) ; a small perennial herb, slightly woody

at the base ; stems ascending, slender, scarcely 6 in. long, sparingly

branched, rather densely covered with short spreadi irs,

sparingly leafy; leaves oblong, 4-54 lin. long, 14-23 lin. broad,

336 LABIATA (Skan). | Acrotome.

entire or 1—3-toothed at the apex obtuse, narrowed at the base,

rather thick, shortly hispid, scabrous; petiole up to 3 lin. long;

whorls 2—5 at the ends of the stems or branches, 4-7 lin. apart,

6—10-flowered; bracts linear, 14-1? lin. long, ciliate; calyx sub-

sessile, tubular, slightly incurved, 31 lin. Jong, nearly equal at the

_ mouth, 10-11-nerved, 8-11-toothed, rather densely covered with

short stiff spreading hairs ; teeth unequal or nearly equal, subulate,

often with a deltoid base, }—? lin. long, rather thick; corolla white,

45-5 lin. long, retrorsely villous outside; tube about 3 lin. long,

slightly curved ; upper lip broadly ovate, deeply concave, 13-2 lin.

long, shortly ciliate, entire ; lower lip 3 lin. long; median lobe

broadly ovate, 1} lin. long, 24-23 lin. broad, crenulate ; lateral

lobes about 1} lin. long and 1 lin. broad, rounded.

Katanari Recon: Transvaal ; Barberton, Thorneroft, 3124!

4. A. hispida (Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 436); an erect or

ascending branched herb 3 or 4 in. high, everywhere densely hispid,

sometimes rather woody at the base; leaves very shortly petiolate,

obovate or sometimes ovate, }-} in. long, 14-4 lin. broad, obtuse,

narrowed at the base, quite entire or few-toothed at the apex;

whorls usually 2—4, somewhat distant, 6—10-flowered ; bracts linear,

as long as the calyx ; calyx subcampanulate, hispid, 3-34 lin. long ;

teeth 7-10, deltoid or subulate, unequal, $—-14 lin. long, acute,

somewhat spinescent ; corolla 4 lin. long ; tube 23 lin. long, densely

villous on the upper part; upper lip 14 lin. long, ovate, hirsute,

emarginate ; lower lip 14-2 lin. long; median lobe suborbicular,

1 lin. long, about 14 lin. broad.

Katanari Recion : Transvaal ; near Schoen Spruit, Burke! Vaal River, Burke!

Aapies River, Burke! near Carolina, 5000-5600 £t., Burtt-Davy, 7397! Bolus,

12243! Krugers Post, in Lydenburg District, Burtt-Dary, 7296 ! near Lydenburg,

Wilms, 1135! Witbank, Middelburg District, Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 7231 !

Eastern Recion: Natal, Gerrard, 1220!

Bentham in DC. Prodr. xii. 436 distinguished two varieties of A. hispida:

Var. elongata, with lax stems, 6-8 in, long and shorter hairs (Burke, Vaal River) ;

Var, obliqua, with shorter hairs, and suboblique calyx with shorter teeth (Burke,

Aapies River).

XIX. STACHYS, Linn.

Calyx tubular-campanulate, campanulate or sometimes funnel-

shaped, 5- or 10-nerved, equal or oblique at the mouth, rarely more

or less distinctly 2-lipped ; teeth 5, subequal. Corolla-tube cylindric

to narrowly funnel-shaped, often enlarged at the mouth, included or

exserted, straight or incurved, naked inside or more or less perfectly

annular-pilose near the base; limb 2-lipped ; upper lip erect or

ascending, usually concave or arched, entire or very shortly

emarginate ; lower lip spreading or deflexed, 3-lobed. Stamens 4,

didynamous, (the lower pair longer), ascending under the upper lip,

Stachys. | LABIATA (Skan). 337

more or less exserted from the corolla-tube ; anthers 2-celled ; cells

distinct, parallel or usually divergent and at length divaricate.

Disk usually equal. Style subequally bifid at the apex. Nutlets

ovoid or oblong, obtuse or rounded at the apex.

Annual or perennial herbs, undershrubs or sometimes shrubs, with various kinds

of indumentum, or sometimes nearly glabrous ; leaves sessile or petiolate, entire

or toothed, the upper often reduced to bracts ; whorls 2- to many-flowered (rarely

reduced to 1 flower), axillary, or in terminal spikes or racemes ; flowers sessile or

very shortly pedicellate, often rather small, sometimes showy, variously coloured.

Distris. Species about 320, most frequent in the temperate regions of both

hemispheres.

*Herbs, rarely undershrubs, variously hairy, but not

densely covered with a felt-like or wool-like

indumentum, sometimes almost glabrous :

Corolla-tube 7-10 lin. long, often twice or more than

twice as long as the calyx :

Stem robust, somewhat prickly on the angles;

calyx 5-7 lin. long ; corolla-tube broad _..._ (1) Thunbergii.

Stem slender, not prickly ; calyx 34 lin. long;

corolla-tube slender... in ie iw

Corolla-tube less than 6 lin. long, not twice as long

.as the calyx:

tLeaves ovate, large, often 14 in. and sometimes

more than 8 in. long, usually more than 1 in.

up to 24 in. broad : :

Calyx-teeth usually long and very narrow, not

or scarcely spreading, or if spreading they

are more or less curved near the apex ;

spike usually unbranched :

Calyx-teeth usually 1}-24 lin. long ; all the

leaves distinctly petiolate :

Upper bracts scarcely longer than the calyx ;

calyx more or less densely covered with

rather short hairs:

Leaves especially beneath densely and

softly hairy ; teeth often 20-25 each

side ... te ae ot vis

Leaves very sparingly hairy ; teeth usually

12-15 each side... ree ds

Upper bracts distinctly longer than the

calyx; calyx densely covered with

long hairs bik vee ys i.

Calyx-teeth 3-1 lin. long ; upper leaves sessile

or subsessile axe svt ae ine

Calyx-teeth rather short and broad, distinctly

spreading ; spike branched... 6% aps

+tLeaves oblong-lanceolate, linear-oblong to linear,

or if ovate to ovate-oblong or suborbicular

they are rarely more than 1 in. long, often

much shorter, and rarely more than 3 in.

broad :

(2) tubulosa,

(3) grandifolia.

(4) Cooperi.

(5) Bolusii.

(7) Kuntzei.

(6) albiflora,

tLeaves ovate to ovate-oblong, about as long as

broad up to twice as long as broad, or if

more than twice as long as broad not

usually exceeding 4 in. long :

§Leaves sessile or subsessile (sometimes shortly

petiolate in S. Galpint):

‘VOL. V.—SECT. I. Z

338 LABIATA (Skan), | Stachys.

Leaves 4-12 lin. long, 3-9 or rarely 10 lin.

broad ; calyx densely covered with

rather long silky hairs or with shorter

velvety hairs:

Leaves so densely covered beneath with

velvety hairs that the surface is

hidden ae te os ... (10) sessilifolia.

Leaves more or less hairy, but the surface

not hidden by the hairs:

Branches somewhat weak and spread-

ing; leaves ovate, usually only

slightly longer than broad ; whorls

2-flowered ... sek ise »-» (11) Galpini.

Branches somewhat rigid, erect ; leaves

usually ovate-elliptic, often about

twice as long as broad; whorls

4-flowered or more wed ... (31) obtusifolia, var.

Flanaganii.

Leaves usually 2-6 lin. long, 14-3 lin.

broad; calyx glabrous or with few

rather short stiff hairs :

Stems decumbent, with stiff reflexed

hairs ; whorls usually 2-flowered ;

calyx with usually rather short stiff

hairs ws vas (24) subsessilis.

Stems erect, glabrous or with a few

spreading hairs; whorls 4~6-flowered;

calyx nearly glabrous sy +. (36) tenella.

§$Leaves distinctly petiolate (usually sessile or

subsessile in S. Galpini):

Stem erect, usually robust, not or sparingly

branched :

Whorls 2-flowered; leaves not much

longer than broad :

Leaves very rugose ; calyx about 8 lin. m

long ; teeth 1 lin. long ... + (8) Rehmannii.

Leaves not rugose ; calyx 4-5 lin. long ;

teeth 1?-2 lin. long:

Leaves about as long as broad; :

whorls of flowers up to12__... (12) transvaalensis.

Leaves distinctly longer than broad ;

whorls of flowers 1-3 ... ... (14) parilis.

Whorls 4-flowered or more ; leaves usually

about twice as long as broad : 2

Leaves elliptic, rounded at the apex... (31) obtusifolia.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate, narrowed to =

an acute or obtuse apex .. --» (32) Tysonii.

Stem prostrate, decumbent or ascending,

sein — much age a

ant very densely covered with a i

velvety seihaecenoe ben Gest : ... (9) malacophylla.

Plant variously hairy, usually not densel

covered with a greyish velvety

pubescence, sometimes almost

glabrous:

Anmual 55 sce sue see (27) arvensis.

Perennial: calyx-teeth more or less

acute, but not subulate and i

spinescent at the apex... _... (13) Rudatisii.

eee eee ee

Stachys. | LABIAT (Skan), 339

Perennial : calyx-teeth subulate and more or

less spinescent at the apex:

Plant dark brown when dry; stem and

branches sparingly Tr or —

often distinctly scabrous .. . (16) seabrida.

Plant usually greenish when rae ; sk sie

branches variously hairy or glabrous, not

distinctly scabrous :

Leaves scarcely cordate at the base ; whorls

several, 2-flowered ; calyx purplish ., . (22) flexuosa.

Leaves not cordate at the base; whorls

solitary, terminating the slender

branches, 4—6-flowered ; calyx green... (17) Harveyi.

Leaves usually distinctly cordate at the

base; whorls several, 2- to many-

flowered ; calyx green:

Calyx narrowly abeoniens at the base,

somewhat abruptly —— above

the middle ... .. (20) fruticetorum.

Calyx campanulate or tubulage -campanu-

late, not abruptly enlarged above the

middle :

Calyx often conspicuously glandular-

puberulous ;

Whorls usually 4-6-flowered ; calyx-

teeth very narrow at the “=

spinescent apex .. ‘se . (15) ethiopica, var.

glandulifera.

Whorls 2-flowered; calyx - teeth

broader, acute, not or only

slightly spinescent yea .. (18) Rudatisii.

Crap alia giant bb vartouity tate:

Plant more or less densely short-

velvety or long-silky hairy :

Leaves 9-15 lin. long, 6-11 lin.

broad ; calyx up to 54 lin. long:

Leaves deltoid-ovate ; . a of

flowers few, distant .. (14) parilis.

Leaves usually ovate or ovate-

rounded ; whorls of flowers

several, usually close .. (11) Galpini.

Leaves 4-10 lin. long, 4-8 lin.

broad; calyx up to 3 lin.

long :

Teeth of the leaves small and

regular, often 10-12 or

more pairs

Corolla - tube 2} lin. long,

shorter than the iver 7a 8) serrulata.

Corolla-tube 4 lin. long, much

longer than the calyx ... (9) malacophylla..

Teeth of the leaves relatively

large and irregular, =

not more than 5 pairs . (19) attenuata.

Plant nearly glabrous or more or ne

stiflly hairy, sometimes densely :

Calyx with a few long pallid hairs (25) Priori.

—

340

LABIAT# (Skan). | Stachys.

Calyx with few or many short

hairs or densely long-hairy :

Leaves shallowly crenate ; bran-

ches very numerous, slen-

der, wiry . we

Leaves deeply toothed: Sane

fewer, somewhat thicker

and‘Shorter ei ... (26) sublobata.

Leaves usually rather regularly

crenate; branches often

many and slender, but

scarcely wiry :

Inflorescence unilateral ... (21) leptoclada.

Inflorescence not unilateral (15) sthiopica.

ttLeaves oblong, oblong-lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate

or deltoid-lanceolate to linear, about 3 to

several times longer than broad, rarely less

.. (23) cymbalaria.

than # in. long :

Leaves sessile or subsessile :

Calyx densely hairy :

Plant blackish when dry; leaves usually

13-24 in. long, 1-4 lin. broad... ... (28) nigricans.

Plant not blackish when dry ; leaves usually ,

3-2 in. long, 3-6 lin. broad ... ... (29) sessilis.

Calyx glabrous or sparingly and_ shortly

hairy:

Stem glabrous or nearly so; calyx as long

as or longer than the corolla-tube .. (34) humifusa.

Stem distinctly hairy ; ae shorter bits

the corolla-tube... .. (35) rivularis.

Leaves (except sometimes the at distinctly

petiolate (sometimes very shortly in 8S.

erectiuscula) :

Pairs of leaves few, usually gee near

the bottom oes see

Pairs of leaves many, spaced at aie saat

distances from the bottom :

Leaves oblong, rounded at the apex ; calyx

rather densely covered with long re (31) obtusifolia, var.

angustifolia.

.. (30) simplex,

Leaves ovate-lanceolate, often subacute ;

calyx covered (sometimes sparingly)

with short hairs :

Calyx with short stiff adpressed hairs ;

teeth linear-triangular, rigid

Calyx shortly and _ softly Sa

pubescent ; teeth deltoid, not rigid (32) Tysonii.

**Shrubs or undershrubs, usually very densely covered

with whitish or sometimes yellowish felt-like or

wool-like indumentum (often almost glabrous in

S. hyssopoides ; sometimes only thinly covered

with stellate hairs in S. dregeana and S. caffra ;

branches glabrescent in 8. Zeyheri) : oe

Calyx more or less distinctly 2-lipped ws eee (88) Burehellii.

Calyx not 2-lipped :

tCalyx densely covered with wool-like sometimes

almost Ge indumentum :

.. (33) erectiuscula.

Stachys. | LABIATA (Skan). 341

Leaves 2-10 lin. long, 1-4 lin. broad ; calyx-

teeth up to 2? lin. long:

Branches angular, scarvely woody :

Upper whorls of flowers crowded ; calyx-

teeth subulate or linear; corolla only

slightly longer than the calyx ..» (47) integrifolia.

Upper whorls of flowers distinct ; calyx-

teeth ovate-lanceolate ; corolla half as

long again as the calyx ve ... (48) hantamensis,

Branches terete, distinctly woody... .»- (49) teres.

Leaves 1-1? in. long, }-14 in. broad ; calyx-

teeth 1-1} lin. long... ae aie .-. (39) Lamarekii.

+t+Calyx densely covered with felt-like indumentum :

Leaves usually scarcely longer than broad, rarely

more than 6 lin. long:

Branches tomentose ; leaves usually obovate,

distinctly cuneate at the base... ... (45) cuneata.

Branches glabrescent ; leaves elliptic-ovate,

usually rounded at the base... ... (46) Zeyheri.

Leaves much longer than broad, usually much

more than 6 lin. long:

Leaves ovate-elliptic or sometimes obovate ... (40) multiflora.

Leaves oblong to linear or spathulate :

Plant yellowish in the dried state :

Indumentum on branches and leaves very

short and felt-like, not floccose :

Leaves lanceolate, acute or subobtuse,

narrowed at the base eee ... (41) flavescens.

Leaves oblong, obtuse, rounded at

the base... «us sa ... (42) gariepina.

Indumentum longer and somewhat loose,

often floccose, sometimes of scattered

stellate hairs ,.. 2 ba ... (48) dregeana.

Plant greyish in the dried state (sometimes

yellowish in S. dregeana):

Indumentum short or very short, not

floccose :

Leaves spathulate or linear-spathulate,

rounded and broadest at the apex,

smooth, entire... pai ... (44) spathulata.

Leaves oblong-lanceolate, lanceolate to

linear, usually narrowed to the

apex and often acute, entire or

toothed, often very rugose ... (87) rugosa.

Indumentum longer and somewhat loose,

often floccose, sometimes of scat-

tered stellate hairs ... ine ... (48) dregeana.

+ttCalyx very thinly and minutely stellate-tomentose

or sometimes glabrescent :

Leaves linear to oblong-lanceolate, usually

entire, often glabrescent an ... (50) hyssopoides.

Leaves lanceolate, usually serrate, often more

or less stellate-tomentose especially

beneath ... tre rs vee ... (51) caffra.

342 LABIATA (Skan). | Stachys.

1. §. Thunbergii (Benth. Lab. 540); stem herbaceous, erect,

stout, usually simple, up to 5 ft. high, somewhat prickly, chiefly on

the angles; leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, the larger 2—2} in.

long, }-14 in. broad, acute or somewhat obtuse, deeply cordate at

’ the base, crenate, sparingly hispid or almost glabrous, rather thick

and leathery, often rugose; petiole 2-7 lin. long; lower bracts

similar to the upper leaves, the upper much reduced ; whorls

usually several, commonly 4- or 6-flowered, distant; pedicels

3-1} lin. long ; calyx tubular-campanulate, 5-7 lin. long, puberu-

lous; teeth broadly to narrowly lanceolate-triangular, 1}-3 lin.

long, acuminate, somewhat spinescent; corolla red or purple,

shortly adpressed-pubescent ; tube narrowly funnel-shaped, curved,

8-10 lin. long ; upper lip obovate-elliptic, 34-4 lin. long ; lower lip

41-5 lin. long. DC. Prodr. xii. 467; Bolus & Wolley-Dod in

Trans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc. xiv. 310, S. hispida, Brig. in Engl. &

Prantl, Planzenfam. iv. 3a, 263. Galeopsis hispida, Thunb. Prodr.

96, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 446.

Sour# Arrica: without locality, Villett!

Coast Recion: Cape Div. ; Devils Mountain, Zhunberg! Carmichael! Pappe !

Prior! Wolley-Dod. Bolus in MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 367 !

near Constantia, Thunberg! Caledon Div. ; Genadendal, Prior! Mossel Bay

Div. ; Attaquas Kloof, Thunberg! George Div. ; George, Prior! Montagu Pass,

Penther, 1761 (ex Guerke). Knysna Div. ; Diep River, Bolus, 2485! hetween

Cloetes Kraal and Paarde Kraal, Burchell, 5153 !

Also a specimen labelled ‘‘ Beaufort,” from Lehmann’s Herbarium.

2. 8. tubulosa (MacOwan in Kew Bulletin, 1893, 13); stem

herbaceous, weak, ascending, sparingly branched, 1 ft. high or

more, softly pilose ; internodes often 2-3 in. long; leaves broadly

ovate, 1}-2 in. long, 1-1? in. broad, acute or subacute, deeply

cordate at the base, crenate, sparingly pilose, thin ; petiole slender,

3-1} in. long, or the upper shorter; lower bracts leaf-like, the

upper much reduced ; whorls few, 4—6-flowered, distant ; calyx

almost sessile, campannlate, very thin, 34 lin. long, sparingly

pilose outside ; teeth lanceolate-triangular, about 14 lin. long,

acuminate, corolla pale purple, shortly pubescent ; tube narrowly

tubular, scarcely enlarged upwards, 7-9 lin. long ; upper lip elliptic,

34 lin. long ; lower lip 22 lin. long, subequally 3-lobed, pencilled

with dark purple veins ; lobes ovate, scarcely 1 lin. long.

S. dolichodeira, Brig. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2 sér. iii. 1081.

EasTERN REGION: Griqualand East ; in woods on Mount Malowe near the

River Umzimvubu, and on the Zuurberg Range, 4000-4500 ft., Tyson, 2153!

2549! andin MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1297 | Zuurberg Range, Wood,

1895! Schlechter, 6605! Natal, Mrs. K. Saunders! Sanderson, 608 !

3. 8. grandifolia (E. Meyer, Comm. 239); stem herbaceous,

ascending, 15 in. high or more, 3—1} lin. in diam., sparingly

branched or simple, pilose ; leaves ovate, the larger 14-2} in. long

and 1-1} in. broad, subacute to rounded, rather deeply and openly

Stachys. | LABIAT (Skan). 343

cordate at the base, regularly crenate, shortly greyish-velvety-

pilose, especially beneath ; teeth usually 20-25 each side; petiole

6-17 lin. long; bracts ovate to ovate-lanceolate, longer than or

about as long as the calyx; whorls 2—8-flowered, many, distant, in

a spike up to 6 in. long ; calyx campanulate, 24-34 lin. long, softly

pilose ; teeth narrowly lanceolate-triangular, 1-13 lin. long, acumi-

nate-spinescent ; corolla white or tinted with lilac, pubescent ; tube

rather narrow, 34—4 lin. long ; upper lip elliptic, 13-2} lin. long;

lower lip 24-34 lin. long. Benth. in DC. Prodr, xii. 475.

Coast Reaton: Swellendam Div. ; near Grootvaders Bosch, 1000-4000 ft.,

Zeyher, 3536! Queenstown Div. ; Chumie (Tyumie) Mountain, Zcklun! and

without precise locality, Cooper, 343 !

CenTRAL Reaction: Somerset Div. ; Bosch Berg, 3000-4000 ft., MacOwan, 1494!

1499! Graaff Reinet Div. ; Sneeuwberg Range, 3800 ft., Bolus, 1969!

Ka.anari Reqion: Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1118 !

Eastern Recron: Transkei; around Kentani, 1200 ft., Miss Pegler, 434!

Pondoland ; between Umtata River and Umtsikaba River, 1000-2000 ft., Drége,

4781la! 47816. Natal; Polela, Fourcade, 4556! Durban, Gerrard, 2042!

4. §. Cooperi (Skan in Kew Bulletin, 1909, 420); stem

herbaceous, decumbent, very weak, branched, 1-2 ft. long, 3~}

lin. thick, rather softly pubescent or sparingly hispidulous ;

branches very slender, up to 1 ft. long or more; internodes

14-21 in. rarely up to 6 in. long; leaves ovate, the larger

14-2 in. long and 14-12 ‘in. broad, acute or obtuse at the apex,

openly and deeply cordate at the base, regularly and shallowly

crenate, sparingly and softly pubescent or more sparingly hispidu-

lous, sometimes almost glabrous beneath, very thin ; teeth usually

12-15 each side ; petiole very slender, }-1} in. long; bracts shortly

petiolate to subsessile, the lower ovate and longer than the calyx,

the upper linear-lanceolate and shorter than the calyx ; whorls few,

6-flowered, distant ; pedicels up to } lin. long; bracteoles minute ;

calyx campanulate, 23-4} lin. long, rather densely and softly pubes-

cent or sparingly hispidulous ; teeth linear-triangular, 14-2 lin.

long, $ to nearly | lin. broad at the base, often distinctly spreading,

sometimes bent at the needle-like apex ; corolla white, pubescent ;

tube narrowly funnel-shaped, 34-4} lin. long, curved; upper lip

elliptic, 23-3} lin. long, entire, keeled on the back; lower lip

4-41 lin, long ; median lobe suborbicular to obovate, 1-3 lin. long,

21-41} lin. broad ; lateral lobes ovate, }-1} lin. long.

Coast Reaion : Albany Div., Cooper, 15!

Eastern Recon: Transkei; in forests near Kentani, 1200 ft., Miss Pegler,

908!

5. 8. Bolusii (Skan) ; a perennial herb ; stem erect or ascending,

branched, up to 18 in. high or more, covered as well as the

branches, especially on the angles, with rather long slender whitish

hairs; internodes 3-4 in. long; leaves deltoid-ovate, the larger

1-3 in. long and 3—1} in. broad, obtuse or rounded, deeply and

openly cordate at the base, regularly sometimes coarsely crenate,

somewhat densely covered, especially above, with rather short soft

344 LABIAT (Skan). [Stachys.

hairs which are adpressed above ; petiole }—1 in. long, hairy as the

branches ; spike up to 8 in. long; bracts leaf-like, especially the

lower, shortly petiolate to subsessile, longer (often much longer)

than the calyx; whorls several, usually 6-flowered, up to 2} in.

apart; calyx campanulate-funnel-shaped, 34-4 lin. long, densely

covered with slender whitish hairs which are often about #? lin.

long ; teeth narrowly triangular or deltoid, 14-24 lin. long, acumi-

nate-spinescent ; corolla-tube 3-34 lin. long, dilated upwards ;

upper lip elliptic or suborbicular, 2-3 lin. long, shortly pubescent

outside ; lower lip 3}—5 lin. long; median lobe 24-3 lin. long and

broad ; lateral lobes very short and broad. S. xthiopica, Benth. in

E. Meyer, Comm. 239 partly, not of Linn.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Forster !

Coast Recion: Malmesbury Div. ; near Hopefield and on a hill near Hoetjes

Bay, Saldhana Bay, 100-200 ft., Bolus, 12809!

CrentTraL Recion: Richmond Div. ; near Stylkloof, 3000-4000 ft., Drége !

Gerrard, 406 (unlocalised), has a different pubescence, and its leaves are not or

scarcely cordate at the base. It is probably a distinct species, but the specimen is

insufficient for description.

6. 8. albiflora (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1901, 131); stem

herbaceous, erect, apparently tall, branched above, rather stout,

pilose, glandular-puberulous ; internodes up to 34 in. long; leaves

broadly ovate, 24-3} in. long, 2-2} in. broad, acute, deeply cordate

at the base, regularly crenate-dentate, softly pubescent both sides,

rather thin; petiole ?-1? in. long; bracts ovate, longer than the

calyx ; whorls 6-flowered, several, rather distant; pedicels } lin.

long ; calyx campanulate, 2} lin. long, shortly and densely pubes-

cent ; teeth spreading, narrowly deltoid, 1-1} lin. long, spinescent-

acuminate ; corolla white, sparingly pubescent outside ; tube funnel-

shaped, about 3 lin. long; upper lip obovate-oblong, compressed-

galeate, 3} lin. long ; lower lip 44 lin. long.

Eastern Reaion: Natal; Drakensberg Range, 6000-7000 ft., Evans, 395!

7. 8. Kuntzei (Guerke in Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii, 262); a

herb 8-12 in. high; stem ascending, rather thick, pubescent ;

branches rather densely pilose; lower leaves petiolate, the upper

subsessile, broadly ovate, up to 1? in. long and 14 in. broad, obtuse-

rounded to subacute, cordate at the base, regularly and densely

crenate, everywhere subtomentose, thick, more or less rugose ;

inflorescence up to 5 in. long; bracts ovate, apiculate, not or

scarcely exceeding the calyx; whorls 6-flowered, the lower distant,

the upper somewhat crowded ; pedicels }—1 lin. long ; calyx tubular,

2$—3 lin. long, densely pilose-pubescent ; tube 14—2 lin. long ; teeth

lanceolate with a broad base, }~1 lin. long, rigidly subspinescent-

acuminate, enlarged when mature ; corolla white, puberulous out-

side ; tube cylindric, exserted, 3—4 lin. long ; upper lip oblong, 2 lin.

long, emarginate, somewhat tomentose outside; lower lip 24 lin. long,

spreading ; median lobe obovate ; lateral lobes obliquely rounded,

smaller. S. petrogenes, Brig. in Bull. Herb. Boiss, 2” sér. iii, 1085.

Stachys. | LABIATA (Skan). 345

Katanarr Recion: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 835! :

Eastern Recion: Natal; Van Reenens Pass, Kuntze! near Van Reenen, in

rocky places, 5800 ft., Schlechter, 6969 ! :

8. S. Rehmannii (Skan); a perennial herb with a long under-

ground creeping rootstock ; stem erect, shortly branched, moderately

. thick, 9-12 in. high, densely and shortly villous ; internodes 4—9 lin.

long ; leaves suborbicular-ovate, }—1 in. long and broad, rounded,

cordate at the base, regularly and densely crenate, thick, bullate

especially beneath, densely and shortly villous ; petiole thick,

1-3 lin. long; inflorescence 14-2} in. long; lower bracts similar to

the upper leaves, the upper spathulate and shorter than the calyx ;

whorls often 2-flowered, many, distinct or somewhat crowded ;

pedicels about ? lin. long ; calyx tubular-campanulate, about 3} lin.

long, densely and shortly villous ; teeth lanceolate-triangular, | lin.

long, acuminate ; corolla pubescent outside ; tube rather narrow,

almost cylindric, 3} lin. long ; upper lip suborbicular, 14 lin. long ;

lower lip 2} lin. long; median lobe suborbicular, about 1 lin. long

and 4} lin. broad; lateral lobes smaller, rounded.

Katanart Recron : Transvaal; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6178 !

9. S. malacophylla (Skan in Kew Bulletin, 1909, 421); stem

herbaceous, decumbent, simple or sparingly branched, slender,

9-15 in. long or more, }—} lin. in diam., greyish-velvety-pilose ;

internodes }-2} in. long; leaves broadly ovate, 5-7 lin. long

and broad, rounded, broadly cordate at the base, densely or very

densely greyish-velvety-pilose, crenulate ; auricles rounded ; petiole

2-7 lin. long; lower bracts similar to the leaves but smaller ;

upper much reduced ; whorls 2-6-flowered, several, distant, in

a spike 24-5 in. long; pedicels about 3 lin. long; calyx cam-

panulate, about 3 lin. long, densely velvety-pilose ; teeth deltoid-

lanceolate, about 1} lin. long, acuminate, somewhat spinescent ;

corolla mauve, or with a white tube and mauve or mauve-spotted

lips, pubescent outside ; tube 4 lin. long; upper lip elliptic, 2 lin.

long, entire, concave; lower lip 31-33 lin. long; median lobe

suborbicular, 1} lin. long, 2-2} lin. broad ; lateral lobes short and

broad, rounded.

Coast Reaion: Queenstown Div. ; Queenstown, 4000 ft., Galpin, 1955!

Hangklip Mountain, 6300-6500 ft., Galpin, 5891!

10. S. sessilifolia (E. Meyer, Comm. 239) ; a herb everywhere

softly white-villous; stem decumbent or ascending, branched,

slender, up to 2} ft. long; lower leaves very shortly petiolate, the

upper sessile, narrowly ovate or deltoid-ovate, 6-11 (usually 8) lin.

long, 4—5 lin. broad, obtuse, rounded or slightly cordate at the base,

crenate ; bracts similar to the leaves, longer than the calyx; whorls

2-6-flowered, rather crowded at the ends of the branches ; pedicels

about 4 lin. long; calyx campanulate, 4-5 lin. long, densely villous ;

tube 14-1} lin. long; teeth narrowly linear-triangular, 2} lin. long;

346 LABIATA (Skan). [ Stachys.

corolla 54-6 Jin. long, white, with carmine on the lower lip ; tube

24-3 lin. long, ventricose about 1 lin. from the base to the throat ;

upper lip obovate-elliptic, 24-3 lin. long, densely pilose outside ;

lower lip up to nearly 5 lin. long. Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 476.

S. Bachmannii, Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 75.

EASTERN REGION: Pondoland; between St. Johns River and Umtsikaba River,

1000-2000 ft., Drége, 4752! near Dorkin, Bachmann, 1169!

Tyson, 1331, from Mount Currie, Griqualand East, differs from the type in

having somewhat smaller and rather more broadly ovate leaves, most of which are

subsessile, and the whorls of flowers are not so close together.

11. 8. Galpini (Briq. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2° sér. iii. 1082) ; a

branched herb or undershrub ; stems decumbent ; branches slender,

3-2 ft. long, densely spreading-villous or sometimes hispidulous ;

leaves subsessile or shortly petiolate ; blade ovate, ovate-rounded or

ovate-deltoid, 4-12 lin. long, 3-10 lin. broad, obtuse to acute,

rounded or slightly cordate at the base, crenulate, crenate or almost

entire, rather thick, everywhere softly and densely rather long-

villous ; petiole up to 3 lin. long; inflorescence moderately dense or

very lax, up to 34 in. long, densely villous ; bracts similar to the

leaves or much reduced ; whorls 2-flowered ; calyx campanulate or

tubular-campanulate, 34-4} lin. long, densely villous ; teeth lanceo-

late, sometimes setaceous at the tips, 13-2} lin. long, scarcely

spinescent ; corolla white, pilose outside; tube narrowly funnel-

shaped, 23-4 lin. long; upper lip erect, ovate or suborbicular,

1-1} lin. long ; lower lip 2-34 lin. long. S. lupulina, Brig. Le.

Coast Reaion ; Cape Div. ; Claremont Flats, Schlechter, 465 !

Katanari Reaion : Transvaal ; upper slopes of the Saddleback Range, Barber-

pos age ft., Galpin, 681! High Veld near Caroliva, 5600 ft., Bolus,

Eastern Recion: Transkei; around Kentani, 1200 ft., Miss Pegler, 187!

Natal; Durban, Grant! Peddie! Weenen County, 3000-5000 ft., Sutherland !

Bolus, 12240, from the High Veld near Carolina, Transvaal, is probably

S. Galpini, but it differs from the type in having the corolla-tube shorter and

broader, sometimes only about 1 lin. jong and as much as 2 lin, broad. The few

flowers on the Kew material may, however, be abnormal. The anthers appear to

be imperfect and the style is much reduced. Schlechter, 465, the type of

S. lupulina, Brig., we have been able to see through the kindness of Dr. Schinz.

Tt does not appear to be distinct from S. Galpini, and has probably been introduced

into the Cape Division where Dr. Schlechter found it. In the original description

the number is by mistake given as 4651, and the locality as Natal.

12. 8. transvaalensis (Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 316); a

perennial herb with a subterranean horizontal stem; aerial stem

erect, about 1 ft. high, few-branched, 2-1 lin. broad in the lower

part, rather densely whitish -villous; internodes 3-23 in. long ;

branches rather slender, ascending, 5-10 in. long ; leaves deltoid-

ovate, the larger }-1} in. long and broad, obtuse, rounded or sub-

acute, broadly and deeply cordate at the base, somewhat coarsely

crenate or sometimes crenate-dentate, shortly whitish-villous on

both sides; petiole 2-5 lin. long; bracts similar to the leaves,

gradually smaller, more shortly petiolate, acute ; whorls 2-flowered, —

aes:

Stachys. | LABIAT (Skan). 347

4-1} in. apart, forming a leafy raceme up to about 6 in. long ;

pedicels } lin. long; calyx tubular-campanulate, 4}—5 lin, long,

somewhat densely villous; teeth narrowly triangular, 1}-2 lin.

long, acuminate ; corolla white, 54—7 lin. long, shortly pubescent ;

tube narrow, 4-5 lin. long, slightly enlarged upwards; upper lip

suborbicular, 13-2 lin. long and slightly broader, entire ; lower lip

34 lin. long; median lobe semi-orbicular, 1}—1} lin. long, 2-3 lin.

broad ; lateral lobes broadly ovate, #-1 lin. long.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; Lydenburg District, kloof near Stephan Shoe-

manns Farm, Wilms, 1136! Crocodile Valley near Lydenburg, Burtt-Davy, 7662!

Crocodile River, Burke !

Gerrard, 1223, from Natal, and a specimen collected by Mrs. K. Saunders in

Natal have a different indumentum. ‘they possibly belong to another species.

13. §. Rudatisii (Skan) ; a rather weak diffusely branched herb ;

branches up to 1 ft. long or more, up to about } lin, thick, deeply

4-furrowed, hispidulous with somewhat recurved hairs, glandular-

puberulous ; internodes 1}-3} in. long ; leaves ovate, 3-1} in. long,

5-13 lin. broad, obtuse, cordate at the base, regularly and shallowly

crenate, rather densely covered on both sides with sessile or shortly

stalked glands mixed with longer eglandular hairs ; petiole {~1 in.

long or more ; bracts similar to the leaves but smaller, longer than

the calyx; whorls few, distant, 2-flowered ; pedicels up to } lin.

long ; bracteoles minute; calyx nearly tubular in the flowering

stage, afterwards tubular-campanulate, 34-3} lin. long, rather

densely covered with short soft spreading hairs, glandular-pube-

rulous ; teeth narrowly deltoid or broadly lanceolate, 1-1} lin, long,

1-2 lin. broad at the base, }—} lin. broad at } lin, from the apex,

acute, but scarcely spinescent; corolla white, puberulous ; tube

4 lin, long, narrowly cylindric up to about 1} lin. from apex, then

enlarged, } lin. broad below, 1} lin. broad at apex ; upper lip sub-

orbicular, 2 lin. long, deeply concave, entire ; lower lip 34 lin. long ;

median lobe suborbicular, 1? lin. across ; lateral lobes semi-ovate,

3 lin. long, nearly ? lin. broad.

Eastern Recron: Natal; Dumisa, Alexandra County, in shady thickets, at

about 2000 ft., Rudatis, 405!

Apparently nearest S. transvaalensis, Guerke, but it differs in being glandular-

puberulous and in having a shorter calyx with shorter, broader teeth.

14. 8. parilis (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1901, 131); stem

herbaceous, erect, slender, 10-15 in. high, simple or very sparingly

branched, villous-pubescent ; leaves deltoid-ovate, 9-15 lin. long,

6-11 lin. broad, obtuse or sometimes apiculate, openly cordate at

the base, crenate-dentate or dentate, densely villous both sides ;

petiole 2-6 lin. long; bracts similar to the leaves but smaller ;

whorls 2-flowered, few, distant; pedicels 1-1} lin. long; calyx

campanulate, 4 lin. long, villous ; tube 2 lin. long; teeth linear-

triangular, 2 lin. long, acuminate-spinescent ; corolla white, pube-

rulous ; tube about 4 lin. long, rather narrow, slightly enlarged at

348 LABIAT (Skan). | Stachys.

the apex ; upper lip suborbicular, 17-2 lin. long, suberect, concave,

entire ; lower lip about 44 lin. long.

Eastern Recion: Natal; Tiger Cave Valley, on the Drakensberg Range, Evans,

387 !

15. 8. ethiopica (Linn. Mant. i. 82); a perennial herb ; stems

decumbent or ascending, up to 1} ft. long or more, branched ;

branches slender, more or less hairy or rarely nearly quite glabrous ;

internodes up to 3 in. long; leaves very variable in size and shape,

ovate or deltoid-ovate, 4-12 lin. long, 3-11 lin. broad, usually

6-9 lin. long and 5-8 lin. broad, obtuse, rounded or acute, usually

more or less cordate at the base, regularly crenate or crenate-

serrate, sparingly and shortly hispid chiefly on the nerves, some-

times densely pubescent, rarely quite glabrous; petiole 1-9 lin.

long ; lower bracts similar to the leaves ; the upper much reduced ;

whorls few to several, 2—6-flowered, distant or approximate ; pedicels.

4-1 lin. long ; calyx campanulate or narrowly campanulate, 2—4 lin.

long, sparingly to densely hispid or pilose ; teeth linear-triangular to

lanceolate-triangular or sometimes narrowly deltoid or ovate-lanceo-

late, 1-24 lin. long, usually setaceous or slightly spinescent at the

tips ; corolla sparingly pubescent outside, white, purplish or reddish-

white ; tube narrowly funnel-shaped, 34-44 lin. long; upper lip

elliptic or obovate-elliptic, 14-34 lin. long, emarginate or entire ;

lower lip 3-4 lin. long; median lobe broadly obovate, transversely

oblong or sometimes suborbicular, 1}-3 lin, long, 24—4 lin. broad ;

lateral lobes ovate, 1-2 lin. long. Burm. f. Fl. Cap. Prodr. 16 ;

Thunb. Prodr. 96, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 447; Willd. Sp. Pl. iii.

102; Benth. Lab. 548, in EH. Meyer, Comm. 239 (including var.

grandiflora, Burch.), and in DC. Prodr. xii, 476 partly ; Baker in

Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 467; Guerke in Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus.

Wien, xx. 46; Jacg. Obs. Bot. iv. 2, t. 77. S. pulchella, Salisb.

Prodr. 83. Betonica capensis, Burm. f. Fl. Cap. Prodr. 16.

Sideritis erecta, etc., Pluk. Almagest. Bot. 345, t. 315, f. 3.

Prasium hirsutum, Poir. Encyel. v. 611.

Var. §, hispidissima (Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 239) ; branches and petioles

densely covered with pallid slender but stiffish spreading hairs often about 1 lin.

long ; leaves covered with similar hairs, especially on the nerves, but on the upper

side they are somewhat adpressed.

Var. y, parviflora (Skan); branches rather densely and somewhat hispidly

hairy ; hairs rather short, directed forwards; leaves (at least the upper) more

shortly petiolate ; petiole often only 1 lin. long or less ; corolla only 3-44 lin. long.

S. xthiopica, Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 476, partly, not of Linn, See Bolus &

Wolley-Dod in Trans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc. xiv. 310, in note under S. xthiopica.

Var. 5, glandulifera (Skan) ; branches, leaves and especially the calyx, densely

glandular-pulverulent or glandular-puberulous, together with few or many

scattered slender eglandular hairs.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Forster! Forbes! Thom, 438! Harvey, 541!

Cole, 63! Thunberg! Vay. y, Pappe.

Coast Reaion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Oliphants River, Penther, 1709 (ex Guerke).

Piquetberg Div. ; near Piquetberg, Penther, 1744 (ex Guerke). Malmesbury

Div. ; Hopefield, Penther, 1750 (ex Guerke). Cape Div. ; various localities,

Stachys. | LABIATA (Skan). 349

Wolley-Dod, 625! Burchell, 346! MacGillivray, 568! Mrs. Southey in Herb.

Galpim, 7849! Burchell, 236! Hooker, 445! Caledon Div. ; mountain near

Genadendal, Burchell, 8633! Mossel Bay Div. ; between Little Brak River and

Hartenbosch, Burchell, 6215! Uniondale Div.; near Haarlem, Burchell, 4890!

Uitenhage Div. ; Klein Winterhoek, Drége, 75d! Albany Div. ; Howisons Poort,

Hutton in Herb, Harvey! Peddie Div. ; Fredricksburg on the Gualana River, Gill!

British Kaffraria, Cooper, 398! Var. 8: Worcester Div.; Hex River Kloof,

Dréye, 75h! Var. y: Cape Div. ; near the Signal Station, Wolley-Dod, 3048!

eastern side of the Lions Rump, Burchell, 122! Var. 5: Uitenhage Div. ;

Vanstadens Berg, MacOwan, 559! between Vanstadens Berg and Bethelsdorp,

Drége, 75g! Catheart Div. ; Zwartkei River, Baur! Mount Hope Farm, Upper

Zwartkei River, 5100 ft., Galpin, 2682! East London Div. ; along sea-coast,

Galpin, 1879!

CenTRAL Recion: Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Graaf Reinet, 2900 ft., Bolus, 248 !

Albert Div., Cooper, 1777! Colesberg Div., Shaw! Var. 6: Graaff Reinet Div. ;

Weltevrede, Sneeuwberg Range, 4500 ft., Bolus, 2012! Middelburg Div. ; between

Wolve Kop and Rhenoster Berg, Burchell, 2787 !

Kaxanart Reeion: Var. 8, Orange River Colony ; Bethlehem, Richardson !

Eastern Recion: Var. 5, Transkei; around Kentani, 1200 ft., Miss Pegler,

231! Natal; near Greytown, Wilms, 2192! Inanda, on Mount Edgecumbe, Wood,

1126 ! and without precise locality, Cooper, 2896 !

Also in Nyassaland.

Rehmann, 2384, from Brand Vley, Worcester Division, is possibly a form of

S. xthiopica.

ss5 ae

Bolus, 2012, here referred to var. glandulifera, appears to be a very luxuriant

specimen, the leaves sometimes being 1# in. long and 14 in. broad. It connects

S. xthiopica with S. grandifolia,

16. S. scabrida (Skan) ; a perennial herb drying dark brown ;

stems prostrate and creeping or decumbent, much elongated, about

3 lin. thick or less, sparingly (rarely abundantly) furnished with

usually very short recurved hook-like hairs callous at the base, often

more or less scabrous, rarely rather densely puberulous or quite

glabrous and smooth ; branches ascending, otherwise similar to the

stems ; leaves ovate-triangular or sometimes ovate, 5-11 lin. long,

24-74 lin. broad near the base, subacute or obtuse, cordate at the

base, with a deep open sinus and distant rounded auricles, regularly

crenate or crenate-dentate, rather leathery, callous on the margin,

quite glabrous or with few (rarely many) stiff hairs above and on

the nerves beneath, sometimes with a few callosities or many stiff

hairs callous at the base above, occasionally glandular-pulverulent

beneath; midrib and primary lateral nerves rather thick and

conspicuous beneath ; petiole -l—4 lin. long, quite glabrous, or more

or less pubescent ; lower bracts similar to the leaves, the upper

gradually smaller; whorls 2—6-flowered, lax, few or several, rather

distant ; calyx funnel-shaped-campanulate, 33-4} lin. long, some-

what sparingly covered with short stiff hairs, sometimes almost

glabrous ; teeth lanceolate or lanceolate-triangular, 1}—2} lin. long,

usually quite straight, acuminate-spinescent ; corolla shortly pubes-

cent outside; tube narrowly cylindric below, slightly enlarged

above, 3-4 lin. long, annular-pilose inside ; upper lip obovate or

elliptic, 21-4 lin. long, recurved, emarginate ; lower lip 3-5 lin.

350 LABIATA (Skan). [ Stachys.

long. S. ethiopica, Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 239 partly, and in

DC. Prodr. xii. 476 partly, not of Linn.

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div. ; Vanstadens Berg, Zeyher, 831! Port Elizabeth

Div. ; Baakens Valley, Z'yson, 2240! Albany Div. ; near Grahamstown, MacOwan,

559 (in Dublin Herb.)! Williamson! Bolton !

CentraL REGION: Somerset Div. ; Somerset East, 3000 ft., Bolus! upper part

of the Bruintjes Hoogte, Burchell, 3037 ! 3100!

Eastern Recion: Transkei ; Gekau (Geua) River, Drége!

Drage, 75k, collected between Bethelsdorp and Vanstadens River, Uitenhage

Div., closely approaches this, but it does not dry so dark brown, and the hairs on

the stems are not recurved but turned upwards. Corollas are wanting.

MacOwan, 559, in Herb. Kew. is different from his 559 cited above and has been

referred to S. xthiopica, var. glandulifera.

17. 8. Harveyi (Skan) ; a small weak branched herb ; branches

apparently prostrate or decumbent, up to 6 in. long, only }—} lin.

in diam., shortly retrorsely pilose; leaves ovate, 4-10 (usually

about 7) lin. long, 34-9 lin. broad, obtuse, rounded, subtruncate or

sometimes slightly cuneate at the base, rather regularly crenate-

serrate, thin, shortly pilose on both sides, slightly glandular-pube-

rulous beneath; teeth moderately large, usually 6-9 each side ;

petiole very slender, 3-7 lin. long ; bracts lanceolate, as long as or

shorter than the calyx; flowers about 6, in a single lax whorl

terminating the branches ; pedicels ? lin. long ; calyx very narrowly

campanulate, 34 lin. long, covered with short slender spreading

hairs and shorter gland-tipped hairs; teeth narrowly lanceolate-

triangular, 13 lin. long, about } lin. broad at the base, somewhat

spinescent ; corolla shortly pubescent outside, about 5} lin. long;

tube 4 lin. long, narrowly cylindric up to near the apex where it is

curved and slightly enlarged; upper lip reflexed, elliptic, 2} lin.

long ; lower lip 24-3 lin. long; median lobe transversely elliptic,

about 1 lin. long and 1} lin. broad.

Coast Reaion : Cape Div. ; near Cape Town, Harvey in Dublin Herb. !

18. §. serrulata (Burch. ex Benth. Lab. 549) ; an annual herb

everywhere rather densely and softly pubescent ; stem decumbent,

elongated, slender, loosely branched ; leaves broadly ovate, 4—10 lin.

long, 4-8 lin. broad, somewhat acute, usually slightly and very

broad!y cordate at the base, regularly crenulate-serrulate ; petiole

2-5} (usually about 4) lin. long; lower bracts similar to the leaves,

upper much reduced ; whorls 2-4-flowered, few, distant ; pedicels _

4-4 lin. long ; calyx tubular-campanulate, about 2} lin. long, softly

pilose ; teeth linear-triangular, setaceous at the tips, 1} lin. long ;

corolla-tube straight, nearly cylindric, 2} lin. long ; upper lip erect,

obovate-oblong, 1} lin. long ; lower lip 2} lin. long. Benth. in DC.

Prodr. xii. 477 partly; Guerke in Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xx. 46.

Coast Reaion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Krantzolei, Penther, 1748 (ex Guerke).

Caledon Div. ; near Houwhoek, Penther, 1721 (ex Guerke). Knysna Div. ; near

the Keurbooms River, Burchell, 5155 |

A specimen in the Kew Herbarium from Somerset, collected by Bowker, differs

in having larger flowers, and the indumentum consists of somewhat stiffer hairs.

Stachys. | LABIAT (Skan). 351

19. S. attenuata (Skan) ; a herb everywhere covered with long

slender soft hairs ; stem procumbent, elongated, extremely slender

as well as the numerous very long ascending branches ; internodes

up to 21 in. long ; leaves ovate-deltoid, 4-8 lin. long, 3-6 lin. broad,

obtuse, usually slightly and broadly cordate at the base, rather

irregularly crenate-serrate ; teeth large, 3 or 4 on each side, rarely

more, rounded ; petiole very slender, 2-7 lin. long ; bracts shortly

petiolate, ovate-lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, toothed or entire,

often very small; whorls 2-flowered, few, very distant ; calyx

campanulate, 23-3 lin. long ; teeth linear- or lanceolate-triangular,

14-13 lin, long, setaceous at the tips; corolla-tube straight and

cylindric below, curved and enlarged at the throat, 2-3} lin. long ;

upper lip ovate or oblong-ovate, 2-2} lin. long, recurved ; lower

lip about 4 lin. long; median lobe about 2} lin. long and 2 lin.

broad, emarginate. S. serrulata, Benth, in E. Meyer, Comm. 240,

and in DO. Prodr. xii. 477 partly, not of Burch.

Coast Recion: Worcester Div. ; near Bains Kloof, 1000 ft., Bolus, 2896!

Paarl Div. ; Paarl Mountain, 1000-2000 ft., Drége, 75b!

20. 8. fruticetorum (Brig. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2° sér. iii. 1083) ;

a branched herb about 8 in. high ; branches divergent-ascending,

rather flaccid, retrorsely pilose ; leaves cordate-ovate, up to 1} in.

long, 3 in. broad, obtuse-rounded, regularly and rather coarsely

crenate-dentate, thin, sparingly pilose ; auricles distant; petiole

up to 74 lin. long; inflorescence 14-2 in. long; bracts ovate-

elliptic, more or less petiolate, as long as the calyx; whorls

2-6-flowered ; pedicels }—1 lin. long; calyx narrowly obconical at

the base, then abruptly and broadly funnel-shaped-campanulate,

3 lin. long, shortly pilose; tube 2 lin. long; teeth broadly

triangular-lanceolate, equal, about 1} lin. long, nearly 1 lin. broad

at the base, shortly subspinescent-acuminate ; corolla pilose outside ;.

tube rather broad, 24-3 lin. long; upper lip oblong, 23 lin. long,.

emarginate ; lower lip 3} lin. long; median lobe obcordate ; lateral

lobes obliquely rounded, smaller.

, Sour Arrica: without locality, Wright, 496! 503 partly (in Dublin Herb.) !

rior |

Coast Rraion: Cape Div.; Simons Bay, Prior! Stellenbosch Div. ; Lowrys.

Pass, Schlechter, 1179 !

21. S. leptoclada (Brig. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2° sér. iii, 1084);

a herb about 1 ft. high; stem rather stout at the base, spreading-

pilose; flowering branches slender, elongate-incurved, almost.

glabrous, shining green ; leaves ovate-triangular, up to 1 in. long

and 10 lin. broad, obtuse, cordate at the base, strongly and

regularly crenate, glabrescent ; auricles with a broad semicircular

sinus; petiole up to 5 lin. long; inflorescence up to 6 in. long,

dorsiventral, very slender, subscandent; bracts petiolate, from

triangular to elliptic-lanceolate and subulate ; whorls usually

2-flowered, distant; pedicels very short; calyx campanulate, or

352 LABIATA (Skan). [ Stachys.

funnel-shaped-campanulate, 24-3 lin. long, 4 lin. long when mature,

very shortly pilose ; tube 14-24 lin. long ; teeth lanceolate, equal,

1} lin. long, ciliolate, subspinescent-acuminate; corolla sparingly

pilose outside, about 24 lin. longer than the calyx ; tube cylindric,

exserted ; upper lip ovate, 1 lin. long, emarginate ; lower lip

14-2 lin. long; median lobe obovate; lateral lobes obliquely

rounded, smaller.

Eastern Recron: Natal; near Bluekranz River, 3700 ft., Schlechter, 6865 !

22. 8. flexuosa (Skan); a small weak decumbent branched

perennial herb; branches up to 9 in. long, }—} lin. in diam.,

somewhat wiry at the base, flexuose, sparingly white-pilose and

glandular-pulverulent ; hairs rather long, slightly retrorse ; leaves

ovate, 4-9 lin. long, 3-7 lin. broad, rounded to subcordate

at the base, sometimes shortly tapering to the petiole, crenate,

sparingly white-pilose above and on the nerves beneath; teeth

broad, shallow, 5-9 each side ; petiole 1-2} lin. long; bracts ovate

to oblong, longer to shorter than the calyx; whorls 2-flowered,

several, distinct or distant; flowers mostly turned to one side;

pedicels scarcely $ lin. long; calyx campanulate, 3? lin. long,

somewhat hispid with rather long white hairs, glandular-puberulous,

often purplish, prominently 10-nerved ; teeth lanceolate-triangular,

1? lin. long, spinescent ; corolla reddish-purple, shortly pubescent

outside ; tube about 3 lin. long, slightly enlarged upwards ; upper

lip suborbicular, about 2 lin. long; lower lip 44 lin. long ; median

lobe semi-orbicular, 2} lin. loug, 3} lin. broad.

Coast Recion: Stockenstrom Div.; mountain side at Old Katberg Pass,

5200 ft., Galpin, 20938 !

23. 8. cymbalaria (Briq. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™* sér, iii. 1088) ;

a small perennial herb; stems several, weak, wiry, creeping, 2-6

in. long, sparingly clothed with long slender spreading hairs ;

leaves suborbicular-cordate or broadly ovate-cordate, 24—5 lin. long,

13-4 lin. broad, obtuse, crenate, sparingly pilose; petiole 2}—4 lin.

long; inflorescence up to 2} in. long; rhachis almost glabrous ;

bracts sessile, elliptic or elliptic-subulate, shorter than the calyx;

whorls 2-flowered, few, distant; pedicels scarcely } lin. long;

calyx narrowly campanulate, 2} lin. long, puberulous or sub-

glabrous; tube 14-1} lin. long; teeth lanceolate-triangular, 1-1}

lin, long, spinescent-acuminate ; corolla pink ; tube nearly cylindric,

curved, about 3 lin. long ; upper lip obovate-orbicular, 14 lin. long,

entire, very slightly puberulous outside; lower lip 2} lin. long;

median lobe obovate or suborbicular, 1} lin. long, 13 lin. broad ;

lateral lobes obliquely rounded, smaller,

Var, 8, alba (Skan); hairs on the branches, petioles and leaves much shorter ;

petioles 1-2 (rarely up to 4) lin. long; calyx up to 34 lin. long; teeth up to 2 lin.

long ; corolla white ; tube 1% lin. long; upper lip obovate-elliptic, 13 lin. long ;

lower lip 34 lin. long; median lobe transversely oblong-obovate, 2} lin. long,

24-3 lin. broad.

Stachys.| LABIATA (Skan). 353

CENTRAL Recron; Cradock Div. ; on stony mountains, Cooper, 516! 2894!

Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Wagenpads Berg, on the southern side, Burchell, 2829!

Eastern Recion: Var. 8: Natal; Richmond, 3000 ft., Wood, 1846!

Stachys xthiopica, var. tenella, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii, 262, we have

not seen, but suspect from the very short description given and from the fact that

the plant is from the Cradock Division that it is the same as S. cymbalaria, and

that the form albiflora, O. Kuntze, is the same as S. cymbalaria, var. alba.

24. §. subsessilis (Burch. ex Benth. Lab. 548); a perennial

herb; stem decumbent, slender, branched or sometimes almost

simple, up to 15 in. long or more, sparingly clothed with somewhat

stiff hairs or almost glabrous; leaves shortly petiolate or subsessile,

ovate or ovate-oblong, 2-4 (rarely up to 9) lin. long, 13-3 (rarely

up to 6) lin. broad, obtuse, usually more or less cordate at the

base, crenate or sometimes subentire, somewhat leathery, sparingly

strigose or sometimes nearly glabrous ; petiole }—-1} (rarely up to 4)

lin. long ; bracts broadly lanceolate, shorter than the calyx; whorls

2-flowered, usually close together at. the ends of the branches ;

pedicels about 4 lin. long; calyx campanulate, 2? lin. long, hispidly

pubescent ; tube 1} lin. long; teeth lanceolate-triangular, 14 lin.

long, spinescent-acuminate ; corolla rose, about 54 lin. long,

puberulous outside ; tube rather broad, curved, 3 lin. long ; upper

lip erect, elliptic, 2 lin. long, entire ; lower lip about 3} lin. long.

Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 240, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 47 6.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Thunberg !

Coasr Recon: Uitenhage Div., Zeyher! Port Elizabeth Div. ; near Port Eliza-

beth, Burchell, 4326! Bolus, 2482! 9139! Drége, 2302a! Tyson, 2177 | Galpin,

6365! Port Elizabeth and near the Boschmans River, Zeyher, 746! Algoa Bay,

Forbes! Bathurst Div. ? Glenfilling, 1000 ft., Drége, 2302b, Albany Div. ; Elands

Kloof, near Grahamstown, about 2000 ft., Galpin, 384! King Williamstown Div. ;

Kachu (Yellowwood) River, 1000-2000 ft., Drége, 2302c !

There are 8 sheets of specimens in Thunberg’s herbarium named S, athiopica

and numbered 1, 2 and 3, Sheet 1 is here referred to S. subsessilis,

25. §. Priori (Skan); a perennial herb; stem and branches

apparently decumbent, very slender, much elongated, rather thinly

~ covered with very slender long white hairs which are often callous

at the base; internodes often 3-1 in. long, sometimes up to 24 in.

long; leaves all distinctly petiolate, deltoid-ovate, the larger 8-10

lin. long and 5-6 lin. broad, obtuse, openly cordate at the base,

regularly crenate, often rather thin, minutely punctate, slightly

callous on the margin, somewhat thinly covered above and on the

principal nerves beneath with very slender long white hairs which

are often callous at the base ; petiole 1-34 lin. long, hairy like the

branches ; bracts narrowly ovate, the lower slightly longer, the

upper slightly shorter than the calyx, narrowed into a short broad

petiole ; whorls 2 or 3, near together at the ends of the branches,

4- or 5-flowered; calyx campanulate, about 3 lin. long, thinly

covered chiefly on the nerves and on the margins of the teeth with

rather long slender but stiff hairs; teeth triangular-lanceolate,

VOL. V.—SECT. I. 2A

354 LABIAT& (Skan). [Stachys.

about 1} lin. long, spinescent-acuminate ; corolla-tube 23 lin. long,

annular-pilose inside ; upper lip 24-2? lin. long ; lower lip about

34 lin. long and 4 lin. broad.

Coast Recion: Port Elizabeth Div. ; Algoa Bay, Prior!

26. 8. sublobata (Skan) ; a small rather slender perennial herb,

prostrate at the base, then ascending, up to 9 in. high; branches

somewhat densely covered with retrorse or spreading hispid usually

long hairs; internodes 5-12 lin. long; leaves narrowly deltoid,

4-6 lin. long, 2-4 lin. broad at the base, subacute or obtuse, openly

cordate at the base, subentire towards the apex, crenate-serrate

or shortly lobed in the lower part, thick, somewhat hispid ; teeth

or lobes usually 4 or 5 each side, rather irregular, up to about

2 lin. long, the lowermost longest and usually unequally bilobed

and more or less retrorse, rounded or obtuse ; petiole 1—4 lin. long ;

lower bracts similar to the leaves ; upper narrow and shorter than

the calyx ; whorls 2-flowered, few, distant ; pedicels about } lin.

long ; calyx campanulate, 24-3 lin. long, thinly covered with rather

long stiff somewhat adpressed hairs and sessile glands; teeth

lanceolate-triangular, 1-1} lin. long, acuminate, spinescent ; corolla

mauve or lilac, pubescent ; tube subcylindric, 34-4 lin. long ; upper

lip erect, elliptic or suborbicular, 13-2} lin. long ; lower lip 3-4

lin. long ; median lobe semi-orbicular, 14—2 lin. long, 2—3 lin. broad,

crenate ; lateral lobes ovate, about 1 lin. long.

Coast Raion: Swellendam Div. ; Barrydale, 1200 ft., @alpin, 4425 ! Oudtshoorn

Div. ; in thickets near the great Cango cave, about 2100 ft., Bolus, 12244!

This is closely allied to S. subsessilis, Benth., but it seems to differ in habit, being

more freely branched, the bianches are much more hairy, and the leaves are thinner

and often more deeply toothed or almost lobed.

27. S. arvensis (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 814); a hispidly pubescent

annual herb ; stem decumbent at the base, then ascending or erect,

sometimes altogether erect, slender, branched usually from the

base, a few inches up to 2 ft. long ; leaves ovate or ovate-rounded,

3-14 in. long, 3-1 in. broad, obtuse, cordate or rounded at the

base, crenate or crenate-serrate, more or less hispidly pubescent ;

petiole up to 14 lin. long, usually 2—6 lin. long ; bracts similar to

the leaves, the upper narrower, subsessile; whorls 4-6-flowered,

several, distant ; calyx tubular-campanulate, 3-4 lin. long, slightly

oblique, often detlexed, hispidly pubescent ; teeth lanceolate, 1-1}

lin. long, acuminate, subspinescent; corolla scarcely longer than

the calyx, pale purplish-rose and white. Benth. Lab. 550, and in

DC. Prodr. xii. 477 ; Burm. f. Fl. Cap. Prodr. 16 ; Bolus & Wolley-

Dod in Trans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc. xiv. 310; Boiss. Fl. Orient. iv.

747; Benth. Fl. Austral. v. 73; Mart. Fl. Bras. viii. i. 197 ; Curt.

Fl. Lond. ii. t. 41; Engl. Bot. ed. i. t. 1154; Fl. Dan. t. 587;

Reichb. Ic. Bot. seu Pl. Orit. x. 24, t. 967.

Coast Raion: Cape Div. ; near Cape Town, Bolus, 4799! near Mosterts Farm,

Mowbray, Wolley-Dod, 1743! and without precise locality, Harvey! Introduced.

Stachys. | LABIAT (Skan), 355

A native of Europe, Temperate Asia, North Africa and some of the Atlantic

Islands. Introduced into Australia, New Zealand, Tropical America, and the

West Indies.

28. 8. nigricans (Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 238); a herb

usually more or less black when dried ; stem erect, 1-3 ft. high,

simple or sparingly branched in the upper part, 1-1} lin. in diam.

near the base, hispidly pubescent or subglabrescent at the base,

often scabrous ; leaves sessile or subsessile, erect, narrowly oblong-

lanceolate, sometimes linear, usually 14-2} in. long, 1-4 lin. broad,

scarcely acute, rounded at the base, crenate or serrate, sometimes

almost entire, callous along the margin, strigose, scabrous;

inflorescence up to 10 in. long; bracts lanceolate, longer or in

the upper part shorter than the calyx ; whorls usually 6-flowered ;

pedicels } lin. long ; calyx campanulate, about 3 lin. long, hispidly

pubescent ; teeth lanceolate, hispidly ciliate, 14-14 lin. long;

corolla white, pubescent ; tube 2? lin. long ; upper lip suborbicular,

deeply concave, 1? lin. long; lower lip 34 lin. long. DC. Prodr.

xii. 471; Wood, Natal Pl. iii. t. 271.

Katanart Recon: Transvaal; Umlomati Valley, near Barberton, 4000 ft.,

Galpin, 1129! Berg Plateau, Mudd! Swaziland; near Mbabane, 4600 ft., Bolus,

12245! Burtt-Davy, 2819 !

EasterN ReGion: Pondoland; between the Umtata River and St. Johns

River, 1000-2000 ft., Drége, 4729a! Griqualand East; around Clydesdale,

3000 ft., Tyson, 2132! and in MacOwan & Bolus in Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1299! Natal ;

Umvoti River, Gerrard, 1224! Durban, Sanderson, 143! 235! Gueinzius! between

the Umzimkulu River and the Umkomanzi River, Drége, 47296 ; near Newcastle,

Wilms, 2194! Inanda, 1800 ft., Wood, 5! Zululand, McKenzie!

29. §. sessilis (Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 74) ; stems herba-

ceous, erect, simple, 12-16 in. high, hispid-villous ; leaves sessile or

subsessile, oblong-lanceolate or oblong, }-2 in. long, 3—6 lin. broad,

obtuse or sometimes subacute, rounded at the base, regularly

crenate or crenate-serrate, everywhere more or less adpressed-pilose ;

inflorescence 3-6 in. long ; bracts lanceolate, the lower much longer,

the upper shorter than the calyx; whorls many, 6—8-flowered,

distant or approximate; pedicels about 1} lin. long; calyx

campanulate, 24-3 lin. long, rather densely villous ; teeth deltoid-

lanceolate, ‘td lin. long, acuminate; corolla white, very thin,

sparingly pubescent outside; tube 2? lin. long; upper lip sub-

orbicular, 14-1} lin. long, emarginate or entire; lower lip 3}—4

lin. long; median lobe broadly obovate, 14-2 lin. long, 2-3 lin.

broad ; lateral lobes short, broad. Brig. in Bull. Herb. Boiss.

2” ser. iii. 1082; 8. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1905, 173. 8S. pseudo-

nigricans, Guerke in Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xx. 46, not of

Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 315.

KALAHARI Recion: Basutoland, Cooper, 943! Transvaal; Carolina District,

one mile north of Robinson’s, Burtt-Davy, 2974!

EasTERN Recion: Griqualand East ; near Newmarket, Arook, 1724! Natal ;

Inchanga, 2000 ft. Wood, 4806 ! Bee

-_ A -_

356 LABIATE (Skan). : [ Stachys.

Tyson, 1118, from near Kokstad, Griqualand East, appears to be a depauperate

form of S. sessilis. The plant is smaller and less hairy, and the spikes shorter,

with smaller flowers. :

30. S. simplex (Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897, 221) ; a perennial

herb 8-16 in. high; stems ascending, simple, everywhere densely

villous; leaves in pairs rather close together at the base of the

stem, with the uppermost pairs smaller and distant, oblong or

lanceolate-oblong, 1}—2 in. long, 4—8 lin. broad, obtuse, rounded at

the base, regularly serrate-crenate, rather thick, villous on both

sides, especially on the underside; petiole 24-4 lin. long; in-

florescence slender, 4-6 in. long; rhachis densely villous ; bracts

narrowly lanceolate, about as long as the calyx; whorls 4- or 6-

flowered, many, the lower distant, the upper closer together ;

pedicels about 4 lin. long; calyx campanulate, 23-34 lin. long,

densely villous; tube 13-2 lin. long; teeth linear-triangular,

1-24 lin. long, equal, subspinescent-acuminate ; corolla white, villous

on the outside of the lips; tube funnel-shaped, 3-34 lin. long;

upper lip suborbicular, 14-1? lin. long, emarginate or entire ; lower

lip 24-3 lin. long; median lobe obovate or suborbicular, up to

14 lin. long and 2 lin. broad; lateral lobes obliquely rounded,

smaller. S. chrysotrichos, Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 316. 8.

pascuicola, Brig. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2” sér. iii. 1086.

KataHari Recion: Transvaal ; Elandsberg Range, 7600 ft., Schlechter, 3844!

Lydenburg District, between Middelburg and the Crocodile River, Wilms, 1137 !

Saddleback Mountain, near Barberton, 4000-5000 ft., Galpin, 1006! Carolina

District, Outspan, one mile north of Robinson’s, Burtt-Davy, 2974!

31. 8. obtusifolia (MacOwan in Kew Bulletin, 1893, 13, excl.

Tyson, 2561); stem herbaceous, erect, 8-12 in. high, few-branched,

scarcely 1 lin. in diam. at the base, pilose-villous, sometimes

glandular-pilose ; lower leaves shortly petiolate, the upper subsessile ;

blade elliptic or sometimes ovate-elliptic, 9-18 (usually 12—15) lin.

long and 8-10 lin. broad, broadly rounded, usually slightly cordate

at the base, crenate, softly pilose-villous on both sides; petiole 1-4

lin. long ; bracts sessile, ovate, the lower longer than, the upper as

long as, the calyx ; whorls 3—6-flowered, several, distant, in a spike

up to 5 in. long ; calyx campanulate, 23-34 lin. long, densely pilose,

often glandular-pilose ; teeth ovate-lanceolate or deltoid-lanceolate,

1-1} lin. long, acuminate; corolla yellowish-brown when dry,

glandular-pubescent ; tube 3-33 lin. long; upper lip obovate-

elliptic, 1-24 lin. long, entire ; lower lip 34~4 lin. long.

Var. A, angustifolia (Skan); stem weaker ; leaves all shortly petiolate ; blade

oblong or sometimes lanceolate-oblong, 12-18 lin. long, 4~-7 lin, broad, narrower

at the apex than in the type ; petiole 14-34 lin. long.

Var. y, Flanaganii (Skan); stem weaker ; leaves all subsessile, not exceeding

9 lin, long and 5 lin. broad ; corolla blackish when dry.

Coast Reeion: Var. y: Stutterheim Div. ; Kabousie River, Flanagan, 496!

KartaHart Recon: Var. 8: Orange River Colony; on, the mountains at

Besters Vlei, near Witzies Hoek, 6200 ft., Bolus, 8240!

Stachys.] LABIATA (Skan). 357

Eastern Recion: Tembuland; Bazeia, Baur, 75! Griqualand East; around

Clydesdale, near the Umzimvubu River, 2500 ft., Tyson in MacOwan & Bolus,

Herb, Norm. Austr.-Afr., 1298 !

Tyson, 2561, is evidently different, and is described in this work as a new

species, S. Z'ysonii.

32. 8. Tysonii (Skan) ; a perennial herb; stem erect, about 10

in, high, scarcely } lin. thick near the base, very sparingly branched,

rather densely covered with very slender soft spreading long hairs ;

branches very slender, hairy as the stem; leaves all distinctly

petiolate, thin, ovate-lanceolate, the larger 14-17 lin. long and 5-7

lin. broad, subacute or obtuse, distinctly narrowed to the apex,

broadly cordate or subcordate at the base, regularly crenate-

serrate, covered with very slender soft hairs above and on the

principal nerves beneath ; petiole 14—4 lin. long, hairy as the stem ;

lower bracts similar to the leaves ; upper lanceolate, slightly longer

than the calyx; whorls 4—6-flowered, numerous, rather close

together in a terminal tapering spike ; calyx campanulate, 3-3} lin.

long, shortly and softly glandular-pubescent ; teeth deltoid, subulate-

spinescent at the apex, 14-14 lin. long; corolla-tube 3-4 lin. long,

annular-pilose inside; upper lip obovate-oblong, 3-3} lin. long,

slightly emarginate or entire; lower lip 34-5 lin. long. S. obtusi-

folia, MacOwan in Kew Bulletin, 1893, 13 partly.

Eastern Recon: Griqualand East ; mountain slopes near Clydesdale, 2500 ft.,

Tyson, 2561! .

33. S. erectiuscula (Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 315); stem

herbaceous, erect or almost erect, up to 2 ft. high, very sparingly

branched, shortly pilose; internodes $-3} in. long; leaves ovate-

lanceolate or deltoid-lanceolate, the larger }-2 in. long and 5-7 lin.

broad, obtuse or sometimes apiculate, slightly cordate at the base,

crenate, sparingly pilose on both sides; petiole 1}—6 lin. long ;

lower bracts similar to the leaves, but narrower and sessile, the

upper much reduced ; whorls 2-10-flowered, many, distinct ; pedicels

4-1 lin. long ; calyx campanulate, 3-34 lin. long, sparingly covered

with short stiff adpressed hairs ; teeth linear-triangular, 1}-1} lin.

long, somewhat spinescent ; corolla glandular-pubescent outside ; tube

24-4 lin. long; upper lip nearly erect, obovate-oblong, 3-3} lin.

long, slightly emarginate or entire ; lower lip 34—5 lin. long ; median

lobe obovate-suborbicular, 13-2} lin. long and broad ; lateral lobes

ovate, 1-1} lin. long, rounded.

Var. §, natalensis (Skan) ; blackish when dry, more hispidly hairy or scabrous ;

stem up to 16 in. high; leaves somewhat smaller (usually 12-15 lin. long and

8-4 lin. broad), truncate or rounded (not cordate) at the base ; whorls 2-6-flowered,

usually less distant.

KanaHart Recion: Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1116 ! Machadadorp,

Lydenburg District, Burtt-Davy, 7660! 7661! Aapies River, near Pretoria, Miss

Leendertz, 979!

- Eastern Reaton: Var. 8: Natal ; near Newcastle, 3000-4000 ft., Wood, 6349 !

6795 !

358 | LABIATA (Skan). [Stachys.

34. §. humifusa (Burch. ex Benth. Lab. 547) ; stem herbaceous,

procumbent, up to 1} ft. long, about 1} lin. in diam. in the thickest

part, rather succulent, glabrous, very, slightly scabrous, shining,

acutely 4-angled; leaves subsessile or sessile, deltoid-lanceolate,

usually 9-18 lin. long, 3-6 lin. broad, much narrowed to the apex,

cordate at the base, crenate, slightly revolute, glabrous or nearly so ;

bracts similar to the leaves but much reduced ; whorls 4—6-flowered,

several, distant, in a spike 14-2} in. long; flowers nearly sessile ;

calyx campanulate, about 3 lin. long, very shortly and stiffly hairy

or almost glabrous ; teeth subulate, 14 lin. long, spinescent ; corolla

white ; tube 2} lin. long, enlarged upwards, slightly curved ; upper

lip suborbicular, concave, 1? lin. in diam. ; lower lip about 3 lin.

long. Benth. in DO. Prodr. xii. 476.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Herb. Prior, 3650 !

Coast Recion: Bathurst Div.; near Port Alfred, Burchell, 3794! Albany

Div., Bowker!

35. 8. rivularis (Wood & Evans in Journ. Bot. 1897, 489); a

perennial herb ; stems 2 to many, arising from a strong rootstock,

erect, rather slender, 6-12 in. high or more, leafy, somewhat hispidly

retrorsely pilose ; lower leaves shortly petiolate, the upper subsessile

or sessile and smaller, almost erect, deltoid-lanceolate, 5-10 lin.

long, 2-4 lin. broad, gradually narrowed to the apex, obtuse or

scarcely acute, cordate at the base, crenulate, shortly hispidly

pubescent above and chiefly on the nerves beneath, sli ghtly scabrous

above ; bracts similar to the leaves but smaller ; whorls 2~6-flowered,

several, distant, in a slender spike up to about 3 in. long ; calyx

campanulate, 5-nerved, 24-2) lin. long, sparingly hispid-pubescent

chiefly on the nerves ;_ teeth linear-triangular or deltoid at the base

and subulate above, spinescent, about 1 lin. long ; corolla white with

pink spots on the lower lip ; tube 2} lin. long; upper lip obovate-

elliptic, 14-1} lin. long; lower lip 3 lin. long. Wood, Rep.

Colonial Herb. Natal, 1897, 14. S. Schlechteri, Guerke in Engl.

Jahrb. xxvi. 74.

EasterN Recion: Tembuland; Tabase, near Bazeia, 2500 ft., Baur, 327!

Natal ; near the Mooi River, 4000-5000 ft., Wood, 4022! 6252! Schlechter, 6837 !

Probably only a hairy variety of S. humifusa, Burch.

36. 8. tenella (Skan); a small perennial herb branched chiefly

from the base; stems several, very slender, erect, a few inches up

to 1 ft. high, the thickest up to 4 lin. in diam., very sparingly

sprinkled with short stiff hairs or mostly quite glabrous ; lower

internodes scarcely longer than the leaves, the upper 2-4 times as

long; leaves subsessile, ovate or sometimes ovate-lanceolate, 34-6

lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad, obtuse to rounded, usually more or less

cordate at the base, crenulate or almost entire, glabrous or with a

few hairs on the nerves beneath ; bracts similar to the upper leaves

but smaller ; whorls few, 46-flowered, distant, in a spike about

3 in. long ; calyx campanulate, about 24 lin. long, slightly glandular-

Stachys.] LABIAT& (Skan). 359

puberulous or almost glabrous ; teeth deltoid-lanceolate, 3-1 lin.

long, acuminate-spinescent ; corolla about 4 lin. long; tube 24-23

lin. long ; upper lip suborbicular, 14 lin. long, entire ; lower lip 24—

3 lin. long.

Eastern Recion: Griqualand East; in a marshy place below Kokstad, 4200-

5000 ft., Tyson, 1790!

37. 8. rugosa (Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, ii. 303) ; an erect branched

shrub up to 2 ft. high or more, closely and densely white-tomentose on

almost all its parts or sometimes glabrescent on the older branches ;

leaves sessile, more or less spreading, oblong-lanceolate, lanceolate

or sometimes oblanceolate, 1-3} in. long, 2-8 lin. broad, usually

narrowed, obtuse to acute, rarely rounded at the apex, usually

narrowed at the base, quite entire or more rarely serrulate or crenu-

late, conspicuously rugose ; whorls 2—10-flowered, several, distant ;

calyx campanulate or tubular-campanulate, 3-44 lin. long; teeth

narrowly deltoid, lanceolate-subulate or lanceolate, $-2} lin. long,

acute, rarely spinescent; corolla yellow, pink or pale violet, or

yellow with some pink or white on the upper lip, tomentose outside ;

tube 21-33 lin. long; upper lip elliptic or ovate, 14-31 lin. long ;

lower lip 3-4} lin. long. Willd. Sp. Pl. iii, 104; Benth. Lab. 559,

in E. Meyer, Comm. 241, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 493; Jacq. Coll.

Suppl. 116, and Ic. Rar. iii. 7, t. 493. S. rugosa, var. longiflora,

Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 241, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 494. 8S.

jugalis, Burch. ex Benth. Lab. 562. 8S. Deserti, Benth. in DC. Prodr.

xii, 494,

Var, 8, linearis (Skan); leaves shorter and narrower, 4-14 in. long, §~1$ lin.

(rarely up to 2 lin.) broad, usually more rigid, sometimes recurved ; whorls

2-flowered. SS. linearis, Burch. ex Benth. Lab. 559, and in DC. Prodr, xii. 494,

S. rosmarinifolia, Benth. Lab. 559, and in DC. Prodr. xii, 494, 8. rosmarinifolia,

var. Burkei, Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 494. 8. hyssopifolia, Vahl ex Benth. Lab.

559, not of Michx. SS. recurva, Guerke in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 549. Sideritis

pallida, Thunb. Prodr. 95, and Fl. Cap. ed, Schult. 445.

Var. y, foliosa (Skan) ; Jeaves less rugose or not rugose at all, thinner, 1-24 lin.

long, mostly 2-8 lin. broad. S. foliosa, Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm, 241, and in

DC. Prodr, xii. 493.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Hcklon! Scholl! Masson! Hort. Vienna !

Var. B: Zeyher, 1337 !

Coast Reeron: Clanwilliam Div. ; Cederberg Range, Packhuis Pass, about

1800 ft., Schlechter, 8639! Packhuis Berg, 3000 ft., Bolus, 9074! Var. 8: Albany

Div.; Fish River, near Grahamstown, Burke! Bowker! Var. y: Queenstown

Div. ; Tambukiland, Feklon! Shiloh, Baur, 870!

CenTrRaL Reeion: Calvinia Div. ; Uien Vallei, Bokkeveld Mountains, 2000-

2500 ft., Drége, 3096a! Ceres Div.; near the Yuk River, Burchell, 1233!

Beaufort West Div.; Nieuwveld Mountains near Beaufort West, 3000-5000 ft.,

Drege, 3096b! Var. 8: Calvinia Div.: Bokkeland, Thunberg! Laingsburg Div. ;

Babians Krantz near Laingsburg, Rehmann, 2883! and in Herb. Bolus, 5778!

Somerset Div., Bowker, 130! 202! Cradock Div., Cooper, 486! Bowker, 642!

Graaff Reinet Div. ; Graaff Reinet, Sanderson, 29! Murraysburg Div. ; Sneeuw-

berg Range, Wyley! about 4500 ft., Bolus, 2004! banks of rivers, 4000 ft.,

Tyson, 384! Sutherland Div. ; Roggeveld, Thunberg! Rehmann, 3196. Middelburg

Div. ; Conway Farm, Giljillan in Herb. Galpin, 2994! Colesberg Div.; near

360 LABIATA (Skan). [Stachys.

Colesberg, Shaw! between Riet Fontein and Plettenbergs Beacon, Burchell, 2744 !

Philipstown Div. ; Bavers Pan, Burchell, 2717! Var. y: Somerset Div. ; Little

Fish River near Somerset East, 3000 ft., MacOwan, 1581! Graaff Reinet Div. ;

Sneeuwberg Range, 4500-5000 ft., Bolus, 1847! Richmond Div. ; Zeekoe River,

near its source, Drege, 3584b!

WESTERN Recion: Little Namaqualand; Modder Fontein, 1500-2000 ft.,

Drége, 3111! Ookiep, 3200 ft., Bolus in MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm.

Austr.-Afr. 683! Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; Eenkokerboom, 900 ft., Schlechter, 11054 !

on mountains near the Oliphants River, Thunberg !

Rehmann, 3854, labelled Bloemfontein, Orange River Colony, is evidently

wrongly localised. It belongs to the variety linearis. Rehmann collected other

material of this variety in Worcester and Sutherland Divisions.

Galpin, 2608, from Andriesberg, Queenstown Division, has flowers with a very

short much inflated corolla-tube. It may be a distinct species. In foliage it is

nearest var. linearis.

It is doubtful whether there are any constant differences between varieties

8 and y and between them and the type. Baur, 870, MacOwan, 1581, and Bolus,

1847, placed here with var. foliosa, are intermediate between the broader-leaved

forms of var. linearis and the type specimens of var. foliosa,

38. 8. Burchellii (Benth. Lab. 561); an erect branched under-

shrub 4 ft. high, densely white stellate-tomentose, almost floccose

on the younger branches ; leaves subsessile, oblong-lanceolate or

lanceolate, the lower up to 3 in. long and 6 lin. broad, somewhat

acute, narrowed at the base, serrulate-crenulate, more or less

floccose-tomentose, somewhat green ; upper leaves similar but smaller

and whiter, longer than the flowers ; whorls 6-12-flowered, distinct

but rather close together at the ends of the branches ; calyx tubular-

campanulate, about 3 lin. long, more or less distinctly 2-lipped,

densely floccose-tomentose outside and on the upper part inside ;

tube about 2 lin. long; upper lip slightly longer than the lower,

3-toothed ; lower lip 2-toothed ; teeth lanceolate, 4-1} lin. long or

sometimes minute, thick, obtuse or acute, the lower longer than the

upper, spreading; corolla 44 lin. long, sulphur-yellow, tomentose

outside ; tube 2} lin. long ; upper lip elliptic, 14 lin. long, entire ;

lower lip 24 lin. long ; median lobe suborbicular, 1} lin. long, nearly

2 lin. broad ; lateral lobes 3 lin. long, slightly broader, rounded.

DC. Prodr. xii. 493. Phlomis micrantha, Burch. Trav. i. 340.

Katanari Recion: Griqualand West ; Asbestos Mountains at Kloof Village,

Burchell, 1672! at Klipfontein, Burchell, 2624!

39. 8. Lamarckii (Benth. Lab. 562); a rather robust branched

undershrub, very densely white-woolly-tomentose especially on the

younger parts, glabrescent on the older branches ; stem decumbent

at the base, then erect ; leaves shortly petiolate or subsessile, oblong-

elliptic, sometimes ovate or lanceolate, 1-13 in. long, }-1} in. broad,

obtuse, often minutely apiculate, cuneate-rounded at the base,

crenate or serrate, thick, very rugose ; petiole 14—4 lin. long ; bracts

similar to the leaves, longer than the calyx ; pedicels 1-14 lin. long ;

whorls 6- to many-flowered, several, distant or the upper approxi-

mate; calyx tubular-campanulate, 41-44 lin. long, very densely

Stachys. | LABIAT (Skan). 361

white-woolly-tomentose ; teeth deltoid, acuminate, 1-1} lin. long ;

corolla yellow (Bolus), flesh-coloured (Thunberg), slightly tomentose

outside ; tube 3-34 lin. long, slightly curved ; upper lip oblong-

obovate, 14-2} lin. long ; lower lip 3} lin. long. DC. Prodr. xii.

492. §. rugosa, Lam. Ill, iii. 66, t. 509, fig. 3, not of Ait. Sideritis

decumbens, Thunb. Prodr. 95, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 444.

CentRaAL Recion: Calvinia Div.; Bokkeland, Zhunberg! Sunderland Div. ;

Roggeveld, Thunberg !

WEesTERN Recon : Little Namaqualand ; Kaus Mountains, 3000-4000 ft., Drége,

3100! near Klipfontein, 3000 ft., Bolus in MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm.

Austr.-Afr. 682 !

40. §. multiflora (Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 492); a somewhat

robust branched undershrub; branches (especially the younger)

densely white-tomentose ; leaves ovate-elliptic or sometimes obovate,

7-12 lin. long, usually 4-6 lin. rarely up to 8 lin. broad, rounded,

narrowed at the base, crenulate, densely white-tomentose, thick,

rugose ; petiole 1-24 lin. long; bracts similar to the leaves, much

longer than the calyx ; whorls few- to many-flowered, rather crowded

at the ends of the branches ; pedicels 3—1 lin. long ; calyx tubular-

campanulate, 34-4 lin. long, densely tomentose outside and on the

teeth inside ; teeth narrowly deltoid, about 1 lin. long, acuminate ;

corolla apparently yellow, tomentose outside on the upper part ;

tube about 3 lin. long, slightly curved; upper lip elliptic, 2} lin.

long, entire; lower lip 3} lin. long.

WesteRN Recion: Little Namaqualand, Wyley, 88! 89! in Dublin Herb. ;

between Kook Fontein and Hollegat River, 1000-2000 ft. Drége, 3099! Tus

(Te Ous ?), 2800 ft., Schlechter, 11427 !

Schlechter, $245, from the Karee Bergen, Vanrhynsdorp Division, should

probably be referred to this species.

S. crenulata, Briq. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 192, appears to be the same as this

species, We have not seen the:type specimen (Steingroever, 8), which was collected

in South-west Africa (precise locality not recorded), but Schlechter’s 11427,

which was received as S. crenulata, is undoubtedly S. multiflora. Dr. Briquet, in

Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér. iii. 1087, has identified a specimen collected by Dinter

(1130) at Gubub, in Great Namaqualand, with S. crenulata.

41. 8. flavescens (Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 241); an erect

branched undershrub, everywhere shortly and densely yellowish-

tomentose; branches erect, straight, rigid ; leaves sessile, lanceolate,

4—9 lin. long, 1—2 lin. broad, acute or sometimes subobtuse, narrowed

at the base, entire or minutely few-toothed at the apex, thick;

bracts similar to the leaves, longer or shorter than the calyx;

whorls 2-6-flowered, rather close together at the ends of the

branches; calyx tubular-campanulate or campanulate, 3}-4} lin.

long; teeth lanceolate-triangular, 1j-1} lin. long, acuminate;

corolla apparently yellow, tomentose outside on the upper part ;

tube 24-23 lin. long; upper lip suborbicular, or broadly obovate,

about 12 lin. long ; lower lip 3-3} lin. long. DO. Prodr. xii. 493.

362 LABIAT& (Skan). [Stachys.

Soutu Arrica: without locality, Ecklon !

WESTERN Recion: Little Namaqualand; between Pedros Kloof and Lily

Fontein, 3000-4000 ft., Drége, 3097! Spektakel Mountain, Morris in Herb.

Bolus, 5779!

42. 8. gariepina (Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 493); an undershrub,

everywhere densely yellow-tomentose ; leaves oblong, obtuse, rounded

at the base, subdentate, thick, densely tomentose on both sides ;

whorls about 6-flowered; calyx campanulate; teeth lanceolate-

linear, not spinescent.

WesTERN Recron: Little Namaqualand ; at the mouth of the Orange River,

Ecklon, ex Bentham.

43. 8. dregeana (Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 240); an erect

undershrub, 6-16 in. high, densely floccose-tomentose on stem,

branches and leaves; stem simple or branched, rather densely

leafy ; leaves sessile, oblong-linear or somewhat spathulate, 3-1} in.

long, 14-2} lin. broad, obtuse or rounded, somewhat narrowed or

broad at the base, more or less erenate or sometimes entire, rather

thick ; bracts similar to the leaves, gradually smaller; whorls

many, 2—4-flowered, distant or the upper approximate, in a spike

2-8 in. long ; pedicels }—? lin. long; calyx campanulate, 3-44 lin.

long, densely tomentose; teeth lanceolate-triangular or broadly

lanceolate, 14-14 lin. long, acuminate; corolla pink or purple,

densely tomentose outside; tube 2-3 lin. long ; upper lip 14-2 lin.

long ; lower lip 23-34 lin. long. DOC. Prodr. xii. 494.

Var. 8, lasiocalyx (Skan); much less tomentose on stem, branches and leaves ;

leaves oblanceolate, up to 74 lin. broad, distinctly narrowed to the base ; calyx with

a more woolly indumentum, S. lasiocalyx, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1898, 317.

Var. , tenuior (Skan); similar to var. 8, but the plant is more slender, and

the stem, branches and especially the leaves are still less tomentose ; leaves

thinner, oblanceolate to lanceolate, up to 5 lin. broad, drying yellowish, usually

only very sparingly covered and mostly on the underside with a stellate tomentum ;

calyx less tomentose than in the type.

Coast Recion: Var. y: Queenstown Div. ; summit of Andriesberg, 6600-

6800 ft., Galpin, 2031!

Centra Recion: Tarka Div. ; Wildchuts Berg, 5000-6000 ft., Drége, 79496 !

Cradock Div.; on hills, Mrs. Barber, 236! Aliwal North Div. ; Witte Bergen,

7000-8000 ft., Drége, 7949c. Albert Div., Cooper, 643 partly! near Gaatje,

5000 ft., Drége, 7949a! Var. y: Barkly East Div. ; Ben McDhui, Witte Bergen,

9200 ft., Galpin, 6817!

Karanari Reaion: Var. 8: Orange River Colony ; slopes of Mont aux

Sources, 8500 ft., Thode, 461 e y; grassy slopes

44. §. spathulata (Burch. ex Benth. Lab. 559); a dwarf branched

undershrub, erect or ascending, sometimes decumbent at the base,

everywhere densely grey-velvety-tomentose or sometimes glabrescent

at the base of the older branches; branches leafy; leaves sessile or

the lower shortly petiolate, spathulate or linear-spathulate, }-1} in.

long, 1-4 lin. broad near the apex, rounded, entire ; bracts lanceo-

late to ovate, longer to shorter than the calyx; whorls 2-flowered,

Stachys.| LABIATA (Skan) 363

several, usually close together at the ends of the branches ; pedicels

4-$ lin. long; flowers fragrant (Sankey) ; calyx campanulate,

23-3? lin. long, densely and shortly tomentose outside; teeth ovate

or ovate-lanceolate, $-14 lin. long, acute ; corolla rose, flesh-coloured

or very pale blue, sparingly tomentose outside ; tube 2-2} lin. long ;

upper lip ovate, 1} lin. long; lower lip 24-3 lin. long. Benth. in

DC. Prodr. xii. 494. S. minima, Guerke in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 550.

KanaHart Recion: Griqualand West; right bank of the Vaal River, at

Blaauwbosch Drift, Burchell, 1738! near Kimberley, 4000 ft., Bolus, 5880! and

in MacOwan & Bolus, Herb, Norm. Austr.-Afr. 329! Eitalers Fontein, Rehmann,

3360. Orange River Colony; Bloemfontein, Sankey, 223! Olifants Fontein,

fehmann, 3532. Bechuanaland ; near Kuruman, Burchell, 2435! plains south of

Takun and at the source of the Moshowing River, near Takun, Burchell, 2223 !

2277! Transvaal ; Magalies Berg, Burke! vicinity of Morloas, Holub, 813-815!

Potchefstroom Farm, Burtt-Davy, 1069 !

Drége, 3584a, collected in Cathcart Division, between Kat Berg and Klipplaat

River, 3000-4000 ft., has been referred to this species by Bentham in E. Meyer

Comm. 240. The fragmentary specimen at Kew differs in having shorter

narrowly lanceolate subacute leaves.

45. 8S. cuneata (Banks ex Benth. Lab, 560); an erect branched

undershrub up to 14 ft. high or more; branches elongated, shortly

and densely white-tomentose; leaves very shortly petiolate or

subsessile, obovate-cuneate or oblong, 34-6 (rarely up to 12) lin.

long, 14-5 lin. broad, rounded, cuneate at the base, crenate or

crenulate, densely white-tomentose, thick, rugose; petiole up to

} lin. long; bracts similar to the leaves, longer than the calyx ;

whorls 2—4-flowered, several, rather close together at the ends of

the branches ; calyx tubular-campanulate, about 3 lin. long, densely

tomentose outside and on the teeth inside; teeth narrowly deltoid

or lanceolate-triangular, #—1 lin. long, shortly acuminate ; corolla”

red-purple ; tube 13-3} lin. long; upper lip up to 24 lin. long;

lower lip up to 4} lin. long. Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 493. 8.

denticulata, Burch. ex Benth. Lab. 560, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 493 ;

Vatke in Bot. Zeit. 1875, 462. .

Sout Arrica: without locality, Masson !

CentRAL Reeion: Calvinia Div.; Brand Vley, Johanssen, 25! Hantam

Mountains, Meyer, ex Vatke. Beaufort West Div. ; Nieuwveld, near Bokkepoort,

3500-4500 ft., Drége, 3096c! Sutherland Div.; between Kuilen Berg and the

Great Riet River, Burchell, 1852! at the Great Riet River, Burchell, 1369!

WesTERN ReGIon: Vanrhynsdorp Div. : Boschjesmans Karoo, Drége, 7950!

Driége, 7950, has thicker leaves with less conspicuous teeth.

46. S. Zeyheri (Skan) ; a small twiggy shrub; branches except

the white-tomentose youngest ones glabrous or glabrescent ; leaves

elliptic-ovate, broadest in the middle or near the base, 2—2} lin.

long, 14-3 lin. broad, rounded at apex and base or sometimes

slightly cuneate at the base, thick, crenulate, densely and shortly

white-tomentose; petiole #-1 lin. long ; whorls often 2-flowered, or

sometimes only 1 flower to the pair of leaves; calyx tubular-

364 LABIATA (Skan). | Stachys.

campanulate, about 3 lin. long, densely and shortly white-tomentose ;

teeth deltoid, acute, }—2 lin. long ; corolla-tube about 13 lin. long ;

upper lip ? lin. long ; lower lip 14 lin. long. S. euneata, Drége in

Linnea, xx. 201, not of Banks,

CENTRAL Recon : Calvinia Div. ; between Lospers Plaats and Springbok Kuil

River, Zeyher, 1833!

47. §. integrifolia (Vahl ex Benth. Lab. 562 partly); an erect

branched shrub or undershrub; branches quadrangular, elongated,

not so hard as in S. teres, very sparingly leafy, densely and shortly

white- or yellowish-tomentose ; leaves sessile or very shortly petio-

late, oblong, lanceolate-oblong or sometimes obovate, 5-10 lin. long,

1-4 lia. broad, rounded or obtuse, rarely acute, narrowed or rounded

at the base, entire or few-toothed in the upper part, more or less

covered with stellate hairs, sometimes glabrescent ; bracts usually

about as long as or shorter than the calyx ; whorls 2—8-flowered,

several, the lower distant, the upper close together ; pedicels 4—? lin.

long ; calyx campanulate, 23-54 lin. long, very densely yellowish-

woolly ; teeth subulate or linear, 1-23 lin. long, not spinescent ;

corolla yellow, slightly tomentose outside; tube 24-3 lin. long;

upper lip suborbicular or broadly ovate, 14-1 lin. long ; lower lip

about 3 lin. long. Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 492 partly. 8S. aurea,

Benth. lc. 8. plumosa, Benth. l.c., not of Griseb. “Betonica heraclea,

Linn. Mant. 83. Sideritis plumosa, Thunb. Prodr. 95, and Fl. Cap.

ed. Schult. 445,

SourH Arrica: without locality, Masson !

Coast ReGion : Clanwilliam Div. ; Cederberg Range, Drége, 3098 !

CentraL Region: Calvinia Div. ; Bokkeland, Thunbery! Sutherland Div. ;

Roggeveld, Thunberg !

48. S. hantamensis (Vatke in Bot. Zeit. 1875, 462); perennial,

herbaceous ? somewhat tomentose above ; branches angular, ascending,

more than 8 in. long; leaves sessile, ovate-oblong, acute, quite

entire or few-toothed at the apex, green; lowermost. bracts more

than 5 lin. long; whorls about 6-flowered, distinct ; calyx sessile,

campanulate, yellowish-villous-woolly ; teeth ovate-lanceolate, acute,

somewhat spinescent ; corolla half as long again as the calyx;

upper lip short, villous-woolly outside.

CenTRAL Recon: Calvinia Div. ; Hantam Mountains, Meyer.

49. S. teres (Skan) ; an erect branched shrub 3 ft. high ; branches

terete, more or less spreading, hard, sparingly leafy, densely covered

with a close yellowish-white tomentum ; internodes usually much

longer than the leaves; leaves very small, subsessile or shortly

petiolate, suborbicular to obovate or oblong-lanceolate, 2-7 lin.

long, 1-3 lin. broad, rounded or obtuse, quite entire or few-toothed

at the apex, cuneate at the base, more or less covered with stellate

hairs on both sides; bracts conspicuous, usually longer than or as

Stachys. | LABIATE (Skan). 365

long as the calyx; whorls 4—6-flowered, several, distant or close

together at the ends of the branches; pedicels about 1 lin. long ;

calyx campanulate, about 4} lin. long, very densely yellowish-

woolly outside; teeth triangular-lanceolate or triangular-linear,

1}—2} lin. long, acuminate, not spinescent ; corolla yellow, about

5§ lin. long, slightly tomentose outside; tube about 34 lin. long ;

upper lip broadly obovate, 1} lin. long; lower lip 3 lin. long.

S. integrifolia, Benth. Lab. 562, and in DC. Prodr. xii, 492 partly,

not of Vahl. Phlomis parvifolia, Burch. Trav. i. 225,

CENTRAL REGION: Ceres Div. ; near the Yuk River, Burchell, 1232! 1276!

In Benth. Lab. 562 and in DC. Prodr. xii. 492, Burchell’s specimens are referred

to S. integrifolia, Vahl, the type of which we have not seen. We have, however,

seen the types of Betonica heraclea, Linn., and Sideritis plumosa, Thunb., both of

which are reduced by Bentham to S. integrifolia. These agree with Drdge’s

specimen on which Bentham based his S, aurea, which is therefore in this work

referred to S. integrifolia, while Burchell’s plant, which differs chiefly in having

distinctly terete instead of square branches, is described as a new species,

50. 8. hyssopoides (Burch. ex Benth. Lab. 558) ; apparently an

undershrub ; stem ascending or erect, from a few inches up to 2} ft.

high, slender, branched, glabrous above or sometimes very slightly

or densely tomentose below ; leaves scarcely petiolate, sometimes

fascicled, linear, oblanceolate or linear-oblanceolate, usually 1-21 in.

Jong, }—6 lin. broad, rounded, obtuse or obtusely apiculate, rarely

acute, much attenuated at the base, quite entire or minutely toothed

in the upper part, glabrous, slightly glandular-pulverulent or shortly

whitish tomentose ; bracts lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, longer to

shorter than the calyx ; whorls 2—6-flowered, several, distant, in

slender spikes up to 6 in. long or more; pedicels $—1} lin. long ;

calyx tubular-campanulate, 21-3} lin. long, very sparingly pubes-

cent, sometimes shortly whitish-tomentose, gland-dotted; teeth

narrowly deltoid or lanceolate-triangular, 3-1 lin. long, shortly

acuminate ; corolla pink, pale purple or blue, more or less silky-

hairy outside ; tube funnel-shaped, 24-34 lin. long, curved ; upper

lip elliptic, 1}-2 lin. long; lower lip 23-4 lin. long. E. Meyer,

Comm. 240; Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 495. S. macilenta, E. Meyer,

Comm. 240 ; Benth. in. DC. Prodr. xii. 495. 8. ccerulea, Burch. ex

Benth. Lab. 558 ; Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 495. :

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1340 !

Coast Recron : Uitenhage Div., Zeyher! Queenstown Div. ; Klaas Smits River,

near Queenstown, 3500 ft., Baur, 985! Cathcart Div. ; Klipplaat River, Zeklon !

between Kat Berg and the Klipplaat River, 3000-4000 ft., Drége !

Crntrat Reoion: ‘‘Cradock” (Tarka?) Div. ; Tafel Berg, Mrs. Barber, 641!

Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft., Bolus, 76! and in MacOwan &

Bolus, Herb. Norm, Austr.-Afr. 1343! Murraysburg Div. ; near Murraysburg,

4000 ft., Tyson, 383! Victoria West Div. ; Nieuwveld, between the Brak River

and Uitvlugt, 3000-4000 ft., Drége. Middelburg Liv. ; Sneeuwberg Range, 5000—

6000 ft.. Drége. Aliwal North Div. ; Leeuwenspruit, between the Kraai River

and Witte Bergen, Drége, 35884! Albert Div., Cooper, 643 partly! 645! 784!

Hopetown Div. ; near the Orange River, Burchell, 2653!

Katanarr Reaion: Griqualand West ; along the Vaal River, Burchell, 1775!

Vaal River near Kimberley, Bolus, 6829! Orange River Colony, Hutton! Mud

366 LABIATA (Skan). | Stachys.

River Drift, Rehmann, 3600! Wolve Kop, Burke, 392! Bechuanaland ; Barolong

Territory, at Harms Salt-pan, Holub! Transvaal ; Magalies Berg, Burke! Stander-

ton, Burtt-Davy, 3163! Vereeniging, Gilfillan in Herb, Galpin, 6168 !

Eastern Recion: Transkei, Mrs. Barber, 791! Natal; Weenen County, near

the Tugela River, Wood, 3553 !

51. §. caffra (E. Meyer ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 495); a

slender branched erect shrub, 3 to 8 ft. high ; branches elongated,

more or less stellate-pubescent, sometimes glabrescent; leaves

lanceolate, 1-2 (rarely up to 3) in. long, 3}—8 lin. broad, acute or

acuminate, cuneate or somewhat rounded at the base, serrulate or

entire in the lower part, thin, puberulous above, more or less

stellate-tomentose beneath or sometimes puberulous beneath ;

petiole 1—2 lin. long ; inflorescence 4—7 in. long ; bracts similar to

the leaves but smaller ; whorls 4—10-flowered, very lax, distant ;

pedicels 14-24 lin. long ; calyx campanulate, 14-2} lin. long, very

shortly stellate-tomentose outside; teeth broadly deltoid at the

base, acuminate above, $—} lin. long; corolla white, sparingly

pubescent outside; tube funnel-shaped, curved, 21-2} lin. long ;

upper lip broadly ovate or suborbicular, 1-14 lin. long ; lower lip

24-2 lin. long. Gerke in Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xx. 46.

Coast REcion: King Williamstown Div. ; near Mount Coke, Galpin, 7845;

Kei Road Station, Krook, 1719 (ex Guerke). Komgha Div. ; Kei River, Penther,

1715 (ex Guerke). ,

Katanari Recion: Orange River Colony, Cooper, 2902! Transvaal ; Lynwood,

Pretoria, 4500 ft., Burtt-Davy, 7478! fountains near Pretoria, 4200 it., Miss

Leendertz, 617 |

Eastern Recion: Transkei; between the Bashee and Kei Rivers, Drége, 3585 !

between the Kei and Gekau (Geua) Rivers, 1000-2000 ft., Drége, 4759! near

Idutywa, 2700 ft., Schlechter, 6277! near Kentani, 1200 ft., Miss Pegler, 422!

Tembuland ; Bazeia Mountain, 2500 ft., Bawr, 634! Pondoland; between the

Umtata and St. Johns Rivers, Drége, 4750! Isnuka, Port St. John, Galpin, 2858!

Griqualand East ; at the foot of Mount Currie, 4500 ft., Tyson, 1148 ! Kokstad,

5000 ft., Tyson in MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 588! near

Newmarket, Krook, 1717 (ex Guerke). Natal; Emyati, Gerrard, 1214! Buffalo

River, Pappe! near Byrne, 4000 ft., Wood, 1821! Olivers Hoek Pass, Wood,

7 Van Reenen, 5500 ft., Wood, 5195! and without precise locality, Cooper,

Imperfectly known species.

52. 8. capensis (Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 100); stem shrubby ;

branches puberulous ; leaves petiolate, ovate, obtuse ; bracts oblong-

lanceolate ; whorls 6-flowered, distinct ; calyx puberulous ; teeth

ovate, subpungent ; upper lip of the corolla entire, densely white-

hirsute outside; lower lip 3-lobed; lobes rounded, the median

emarginate. Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 496.

SoutH Arrica : without locality, Krebs.

53. 8. graciliflora (Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 100); stem quadrangular,

hispid on the angles and on the petioles with rigid retrorse hairs ;

leaves cordate-ovate, obtuse, crenate, ciliate, otherwise almost

glabrous ; whorls 4-flowered, the upper naked ; flowers ebracteate,

Stachys.] LABIATA (Skan), 367

sessile ; calyx somewhat hispid, almost 2-lipped ; teeth spreading,

ovate, acuminate, subpungent ; corolla-tube slender, pubescent,

twice as long as the calyx ; upper lip rounded, entire, shorter than

the lower ; lower lip 3-lobed ; median lobe slightly 4-lobed, twice as

large as the lateral. Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 496.

Sour Arrica: without locality, Krebs,

54. 8. hispidula (Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 66) ; a dwarf branched

undershrub ; branches slender; leaves shortly petiolate, cordate,

obtusely crenate, hispid; whorls few, about 4-flowered ; calyx

elongate-dentate ; teeth linear-lanceolate, as long as the tube,

somewhat hispid.

Coast Recion : Humansdorp Div, ; near the Kromme River, K7 rauss, 1125,

55. 8. Kraussii (Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 66); stems procumbent

at the base, nearly glabrous or sparingly retrorsely hairy ; leaves

petiolate, ovate or deltoid-lanceolate, $ in. long or somewhat longer,

deeply cordate at the base, obtusely crenate, nearly glabrous ;

whorls few, 2- or 3-flowered ; calyx glabrous; teeth acute ; corolla

twice as long as the calyx ; upper lip puberulous,

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Krauss.

Hochstetter suggested that the affinity of this appears to be with S. humifusa,

Burch,

56. 8. natalensis (Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 65) ; stem ascending,

9 in. high or more, hirsute ; leaves shortly petiolate, broadly ovate,

$ in. long, obtuse, subcordate at the base, crenate-serrate, hirsute-

pubescent ; bracts ovate, shorter than the calyx; calyx hirsute ;

teeth subspinose ; corolla puberulous ; tube shorter than the calyx-

teeth ; lips exceeding the calyx.

Eastern Recon ; Natal ; summit of Table Mountain, Arauss, 1139.

Bentham, in DC. Prodr. xii, 476, refers to this and the two preceding species

under 8. #thiopica, from which, he says, Hochstetter’s characters did not enable

him to distinguish them.

57. §. nutans (Benth. Lab. 561) ; a pubescent undershrub ; leaves

sessile, ovate, obtuse, narrowed at the base, crenate, rugose, villous

above, white-woolly beneath ; whorls 2-6-flowered ; calyx pedicel-

late, very densely white-wholly, reflexed in fruit; teeth lanceolate,

obtuse, not spinescent ; corolla shortly exceeding the calyx, pubes-

cent outside. DO. Prodr. xii. 492.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Dahl in Herb. Vahl.

Bentham separates this from S. Lamarckii by its broader leaves, which are green

above, with long rather villous hairs, not white-woolly, and especially by its

nodding more deeply toothed calyx,

368 LABIAT# (Skan). [Ballota.

XX. BALLOTA, Linn.

Calyx funnel-shaped, with a more or less spreading orbicular or

oblique limb, 10-nerved, 5-10- or sometimes up to many-toothed.

Corolla-tube subincluded, annular-pilose inside ; limb 2-lipped ; upper

lip erect, subconcave, emarginate or bifid ; lower lip 3-lobed ; median

lobe emarginate or crenate. Stamens 4, didynamous (lower pair the

longer), ascending under the upper lip; anthers. approximate in

pairs, 2-celled ; cells finally divaricate, scarcely confluent. Disk

equal, entire or sinuate-dentate, or produced in front. Style 2-fid ;

lobes subulate, subequal. Nutlets ovoid-oblong, obtuse, smooth.

Perennial herbs or more rarely undershrubs, hirsute, woolly or tomentose ;

leaves often rugose, toothed, the upper similar but smaller ; whorls axillary,

many- or more rarely few-flowered ; bracteoles subulate or oblong, sometimes

spinescent or very small ; upper corolla-lip pubescent or villous.

Distr. Species 33, chiefly in the Mediterranean Region and in the Orient,

1 widely spread in Europe, 1 in Central Asia, 1 in Malaya, and 2 in Tropical

Africa.

Marrubium Pseudo-dictamnus, Linn. (Ballota Pseudo-dictamnus, Benth.), a

native of Crete, is included in Burm. f. Fl. Cap, Prodr. 16.

1. B. africana (Benth. Lab. 594); an erect branched perennial

herb, 1-3 ft. high or more, usually rather densely covered with tine

often long very soft sometimes minutely gland-tipped hairs ; stem

and branches 4-angled ; leaves orbicular, suborbicular or ovate, the

larger 3-2 in. long and 1-2 in. broad, rounded, obtuse or rarely

subacute at the apex, cordate, truncate or rounded at the base,

rather coarsely and irregularly crenate or crenate-dentate, often

somewhat rugose especially when young ; upper leaves similar but

smaller ; petiole usually }-1} in. long ; whorls few to many, distant,

globose, few- to many-flowered ; bracteoles subulate, about as long

as or shorter than the calyx, scarcely spinescent ; calyx sessile,

funnel-shaped, 34-44 lin. long, strongly 10-nerved, 10-20-toothed,

when mature often with a more or less spreading orbicular limb ;

teeth usually irregular, deltoid or narrowly deltoid at the base,

often subulate and more or less spinescent at the apex, 1-1} lin.

long ; corolla rose-coloured or white, 4-54 lin. long, pubescent out-

side; tube 24-4 lin. long; upper lip elliptic or ovate-elliptic,

14-1} lin. long, emarginate or bifid; lower lip 1}-3 lin. long ;

median lobe transversely oblong or broadly obovate, 1—2 lin. long,

2-3 lin. broad; lateral lobes broadly ovate or rounded, smaller.

DO. Prodr. xii. 517. Marrubium africanum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 588 ;

ed. ii. 816, and Mant. ii. 412; Thunb. Prodr. 96, and Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 447 ; Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 114. M. crispum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed.

ii. 1674. M. Thowini, Schult. ex Weinm. in Syll. Pl. Ratisb. ii. 23.

Pseudodictamnus africanus foliis subrotundis, etc., Commel. Hort.

Amst. ii. 179, t. 90. P. emarginatus, Moench, Meth. Pl. Suppl. 139.

Sour AFRICA: without locality, Thunberg! Carmichael! Thom, 68! 194!

MacGillivray, 674! Zeyher, 1344! 3538! Villett!

Ballota.] LABIATH (Skan). 369

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div.; between Clanwilliam and Bosch Kloof,

Drége. Cape Div.; Greenpoint, Prior! Lion Mountain, Harvey! Lions Head,

Wolley-Dod, 3137! near Simons Bay, Milne, 158! and without precise locality,

Hooker! Riversdale Div. ; near Riversdale, Schlechter, 1965! Mossel Bay Div. ;

between Duyker River and Gauritz River, Burchell, 6388! Uitenhage Div. ;

Olivenhout Kloof, near Enon, Drége! Albany Div. ; Albany, Miss Bowker! Fort

Beaufort Div., Cooper, 557! Victoria East Div.; near Victoria, Mr. Barber!

Queenstown Div. ; Lesseyton Drift, near Queenstown, 3500 ft., Galpin, 2592!

CENTRAL ReGion: Ceres Div. ; near Yuk River, Burchell, 1255! Laingsburg

Div. ; Witteberg Range at Matjesfontein, Rehmann, 2941! Somerset Div. ;

between the Zuurberg Range and Klein Bruintjes Hoogte, Drége! foot of Bosch

Berg, 2300 ft., MacOwan, 1888! Cradock Div. ; without precise locality, Cooper,

509 ! Graaff Reinet Div. ; at Wagenpads Berg, Burchell, 2825 ! Graaff Reinet, Bolus,

44! Beaufort West Div. ; Nieuwveld, near Bok Poort, Drége! between Beaufort

West and Rhenoster Kop, 2500-3000 ft., Drége !

WestERN Region: Little Namaqualand ; Silver ¥ontein, near Ookiep, Drége !

between Lekkersing and Noagas, Drége! Ara Koop, 2300 ft., Schlechter, 112421

XXI. LEUCAS, Burm.

Calyx tubular or tubular-campanulate, rarely inflated, 10-nerved,

striate, straight or incurved, equal or oblique at the throat, being —

often produced on the lower side or sometimes on the upper side ;

teeth 6-10, equal or unequal. Corolla-tube included, annular-pilose

or annular-papillose inside or sometimes naked; limb 2-lipped ;

upper lip erect, concave, entire or more rarely emarginate ; lower

lip spreading, 3-lobed, median lobe largest. Stamens 4, didynamous,

lower pair longer than the upper, all (or at least the longer) exserted

from the corolla-tube and ascending under the upper lip ; anthers

approximate in pairs, 2-celled; cells divaricate, finally confluent.

Disk equal and entire or sinuate-dentate, or produced in front.

Style subulate at the apex, with a very short posterior lobe. Nutlets

ovoid-triquetrous, obtuse or scarcely truncate at the apex.

Annual or perennial herbs or sometimes undershrubs, variously hairy or rarely

glabrescent ; leaves entire or toothed ; upper floral leaves similar to the others or

reduced ; whorls axillary, few- or many-flowered, often distant; corolla white,

rarely purplish ; upper lip very villous.

Distrrp. Species about 130, in the tropical regions of the Old World, 1 in

Tropical America and the West Indies.

Corolla 6-84 lin. long:

Calyx 10-toothed; bracts much shorter than the

vx:

Leaves ovate-lanceolate to ovate, up to 1 in. broad (1) glabrata.

Leaves linear-lanceolate, up to 5 lin. broad ..- (2) Fileckii.

Calyx 6-toothed ; bracts often as long as or longer

peer CHS OYE .» ase (3) sexdentata.

Corolla only about 3 lin. Jong : :

Leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 4-2 in. broad;

calyx curved near the apex, produced on the

upper side ... “ oy a“ ae se

Leaves oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, + Bie

broad ; calyx straight, produced on the ve

side... vec see on ae (5) neuflizeana.

VOL. V.—SECT. I. 2 8B

... (4) martinicensis.

lin.

ower

wee

370 LABIATA (Skan). [ Leucas.

1. L. glabrata (R. Br. Prodr. 504); a perennial herb, up to 3 ft.

high ; stem decumbent or ascending, branched, sparingly leafy,

usually more or less recurved-pilose on the angles, rarely every-

where somewhat densely pilose, sometimes glabrescent; leaves

membranous, ovate-lanceolate or ovate, the larger 1-3 in. long and

4-1 in. broad, attenuated, obtuse or subacute at the apex, rounded

or cuneate at the base, coarsely few-toothed or rarely nearly entire,

_more or less pilose chiefly above and on the nerves beneath ; petiole

up to 8 lin. long; floral leaves similar to the foliage leaves but

smaller ; whorls 2~10-flowered, distant or approximate at the ends

of the branches ; bracteoles setaceous, minute; calyx tubular-cam-

panulate, 3-4} lin. long, oblique at the mouth, produced on the

lower side, often purplish above, shortly pilose chiefly on the

nerves, or sometimes glabrous, 10-nerved, 10-toothed ; teeth nar-

rowly triangular or the shorter sometimes deltoid, setaceous at the

apex, }-14 lin. long, the lower shortest ; corolla white, 6—7} lin.

long ; tube narrowly funnel-shaped, 3-3? lin. long, annular-papillose

inside ; upper lip oblong, 24-34 lin. long, densely villous especially

on the margin at the apex ; lower lip 24-34 lin. long ; median lobe

obovate, 13-24 lin. long, emarginate ; lateral lobes ovate or elliptic,

1-1} lin. long; stamens nearly as long as the upper lip of the

corolla. Benth. Lab. 606, and in DO. Prodr. xii. 524; Jaub. &

Spach, Ill. Pl. Orient. t. 385; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 482 ;

Schinz in Mém. Herb. Boiss. x. 60. L. galeopsidea, Hochst. ex

Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 524; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 199.

L. natalensis, Sond. in Linnea, xxiii. 85. L. Jwnodii, Brig. in Ann.

Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Genéve, ii. 1898, 109. Phlomis glabrata, Vahl,

Symb. i. 42.

Coast Recion: Komgha Diy. ; near Komgha, Flanagan, 1200, in Herb. Bolus !

KaraHari Region: Bechuanaland ; Bakwena Territory, about 3500 ft., Holub !

Eastern ReGIon: Natal; Mooi River, Gerrard, 1221! near Weenen, 3000-

4000 ft., Wood, 4483! junction of the Tugela and Blaaukrantz Rivers, 2000-3000

ft., Evans, 672! and without precise locality, Gueinzius, 363. Delagoa Bay, Forbes!

Monteiro, 44! Junod, 92. Lorenzo Marquez and neighbourhood, Bolus, 9747 !

Schlechter, 11572 !

Also in Tropical Africa and Arabia.

2. L. Fleckii (Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 140) ; herb 1-1} ft.

high, of slender habit; stem erect, sparingly branched or simple,

pubescent ; leaves sessile or very shortly petiolate, linear-lanceolate,

up to 2 in. long and 5 lin. broad, somewhat acute, narrowed at the

base, irregularly serrate, canescent-pubescent on both sides ; whorls

few-flowered, ee « in. apart ; bracts subulate, hirsute, shorter than

the calyx; pedicels 1} lin. long; calyx oblique at the mouth,

34-4 lin. long in fruit ; teeth 10, all subulate, 1-1} lin. long.

Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 484.

- WestERN Reaion: Great Namaqualand ; Tiras, Schinz, 43. Aus, Steingriver,

Also in Tropical Africa,

Leweas. | LABIAT& (Skan). 371

3. L. sexdentata (Skan); herb; branches slender, 4-furrowed,

obtusely 4-angled, retrorsely pilose; hairs closely adpressed,

greyish ; leaves thin, ovate, 7—13 lin. long, 7—9 lin. broad, rounded

at the apex, broadly cuneate at the base, regularly and somewhat

coarsely crenate except at the entire base, rather densely adpressed-

pilose, minutely gland-dotted ; petiole 3-6 lin. long; whorls

axillary, distinct, many-flowered, up to 8 in. across ; bracts linear

to spathulate, 4-6 lin. long; calyx tubular, 5} lin. long, slightly

inflated about the middle, 10-nerved, oblique at the mouth and

somewhat 2-lipped, much longer on the lower side, 6-toothed,

densely and shortly pubescent ; uppermost tooth ovate, 1} lin.

long, shortly acuminate; 2 lateral teeth narrowly triangular,

scarcely 1 lin. long, setaceous at the apex ; 3 lowermost teeth ovate

or triangular, 3—1 lin. long, the median narrower than the others,

all setaceous at the apex ; corolla white, 84 lin. long ; tube narrewly

funnel-shaped, about 5 lin. long, annular-papillose inside ; upper lip

34 lin. long, pilose on back and densely ciliate on the margin in the

upper part; lower lip 54 lin. long ; median lobe broadly obovate,

23 lin. long, deeply emarginate ; lateral lobes broadly ovate, about

1 lin. long, rounded ; stamens nearly equalling the upper lip of the

corolla.

Katanari Reaion : Transvaal ; probably Marico District, Holub !

4. Ll. martinicensis (R. Br. Prodr. 504); an erect annual herb

1-4 ft. high; stem and branches obtusely 4-angled, 4-furrowed,

shortly and usually retrorsely pubescent; leaves ovate or ovate-

lanceolate, 1-3 in. long, }-2 in. broad, obtuse, often cuneate at the

base, coarsely crenate-serrate, adpressed-pubescent ; petiole }—} in.

long ; floral leaves narrower; whorls axillary, distant, globose,

densely flowered ; bracts numerous, linear or lanceolate-subulate,

3-5 lin. long, subspinescent at the apex; calyx tubular, abruptly

incurved near the apex, somewhat inflated near the base, oblique at

the mouth, about 3} lin. long, up to 8 lin. long in fruit, 10-nerved,

10-toothed ; teeth subulate, spinescent at the apex, ciliate, unequal,

4-2 lin. long, the uppermost much longer than the others ; corolla

white, about 3 lin. long, villous above ; tube nearly straight, 2} lin.

long, exannulate or imperfectly annular-papillose ; upper lip { lin. |

long ; lower lip about 1 lin. long ; median lobe obovate, emarginate,

scarcely } lin, long; longer stamens slightly exserted from the

corolla-tube ; shorter included. Benth. Lab. 617, in E. Meyer,

Comm. 242, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 533 ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit, Ind.

iv. 688 ; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 479. Phlomis martinicensis,

Swartz, Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ, 88. P. caribeea, Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar.

uel, 4.150.

Coast Recton: East London Div.; near the mouth of the Nahoon (Kahoon)

River, Galpin, 7788 !

Katanart REGION: Orange River Colony ; Vaal River, Burke! Transvaal ; near

Lydenburg, Wilms, 1144! Hooge Veld, Standerton, Rehmann, 6827! Fountains,

near Pretoria, 4200 ft., Miss Leendertz, 616 ! Waterval Boven, Burtt-Davy, 1454!

Springbok Flats, Burtt-Davy, 1741! eG

372 LABIATA (Skan). [ Leueas.

Eastern Recion: Griqualand East; in cultivated places around Clydesdale,

2500 ft., Zyson, 2061! and in MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm, Austr.-Afr., 893!

Natal ; Bushmans River, Gerrard, 361! between the Umkomanzi and Umlazi

Rivers, Drége, 4833 !

Also in Tropical Africa, Arabia, Madagascar, India, Tropical America and the

West Indies, often as a weed.

5. L. neuflizeana (Courb. in Ann. Sc. Nat. 4™° sér. xviii. 145) ;

an erect annual herb, }—1 ft. high or more ; stem simple or sparingly.

branched ; branches densely and shortly retrorsely pubescent ;

leaves subsessile or sessile, oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, $—2 in.

long, 24-34 lin. broad, obtuse, cuneate at the base, entire in the

lower part, toothed above, densely and shortly adpressed-pubescent ;

whorls axillary, many, the lower usually distant and the upper

close together, sometimes all close together, 5—12-flowered ; bracts

setaceous, about } lin. long; calyx 14-3} lin. long, very oblique,

very much produced on the lower side, densely and shortly pubes-

cent, 10-nerved, 10-toothed; teeth narrowly triangular to setaceous,

4-4 lin. long ; corolla white, 2-3 lin. long, villous ; tube cylindric,

14-1? lin. long, imperfectly annular-papillose ; upper lip j-1} lin.

long, densely ciliate ; lower lip 1-14 lin. long ; median lobe obovate,

4—{ lin. long, emarginate ; lateral lobes ovate, about } lin. long ;

stamens exserted from the corolla-tube ; nutlets subtriquetrous,

truncate at the apex, nearly 2 lin. long, minutely tuberculate.

Balf. f., Bot. Socotra, 242; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 480.

L. paucicrenata, Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 98.

Katanart Recron : Transvaal ; Crocodile River Drift, between Komati River

Drift and Barberton, about 500 ft., Bolus, 9746! Wonderboom Poort, Miss

Leendertz, 948 !

Also in Tropical Africa, Dessi Island in the Red Sea, and in Socotra.

XXII. LASIOCORYS, Benth.

Calyx tubular-campanulate or campanulate, equal or slightly

oblique at the mouth, 10-nerved; teeth 5, ovate to narrowly

deltoid, sometimes with 1 or 2 much smaller additional teeth.

Corolla-tube included or scarcely exserted, annular-pilose or annular-

papillose inside ; limb 2-lipped ; upper lip erect, concave, entire or

emarginate, densely villous; lower lip spreading, 3-lobed ; median

lobe broader than the lateral, emarginate. Stamens 4, didynamous

(the lower pair longer), ascending under the upper lip; anthers

2-celled ; cells divaricate, finally confluent. Disk produced on the

lower side into a gland as long as the ovary. Style subulate at the

apex, with a shorter, sometimes minute posticous lobe. Nutlets

ovoid-triquetrous, rounded at the apex.

Branched shrubs or undershrubs ; leaves entire or toothed, the upper similar to

the others or reduced ; whorls axillary, few- or many-flowered ; bracts subulate,

very small ; corolla usually white ; upper lip densely villous.

Lasiocorys. | LABIAT& (Skan), 373

Distrip. Species 9, 6 in Tropical Africa and Arabia, 2 in Socotra and 1 in

South Africa. Some authors regard the genus as a section of Zeucas from which

it differs in usually having only 5 teeth to the calyx.

1. L. capensis (Benth. Lab. 600) ; a slender divaricately branched

shrub, up to 4 ft. high ; branches at first obscurely 4-angled, finally

terete, canescent-puberulous, finally glabrous, rough with the short

persistent bases of the petioles ; leaves in distant pairs or somewhat

crowded on the short branchlets, petiolate to subsessile, linear-

spathulate to obovate-spathulate, sometimes elliptic or lanceolate,

3-13 (often 4-7) lin. long, ?-6 lin. broad, rounded, obtuse or rarely

apiculate, narrowed at the base, entire or rarely few-toothed near

the apex, shortly adpressed canescent-pubescent or glabrescent,

often somewhat coriaceous; petiole up to 3 lin. long; whorls

2—6-flowered, distant or crowded; bracts subulate, }-1} lin. long

calyx sessile or shortly pedicellate, tubular-campanulate or cam-

panulate, 3-34 lin. long, slightly oblique at the throat, 10-nerved,

5-toothed (sometimes with 1 or 2 smaller additional teeth), coria-

ceous, adpressed canescent-pubescent ; teeth deltoid, ovate or some-

times narrowly triangular, usually ?—1} lin. long, shortly acuminate-

spinescent, rarely obtuse ; corolla white, about 54 lin. long ; tube

24-34 lin. long, slightly curved, retrorsely villous above, annular-

papillose inside ; upper lip obovate, 2}-3 lin. long, slightly emar-

ginate ; lower lip 23-3 lin. long; median lobe obovate or semi

orbicular, 14-1} lin. long, 13-2 lin. broad, emarginate ; lateral

lobes about 1 lin. long and broad, rounded. EH. Meyer, Comm. 241 ;

DC Prodr. xii. 534; Krauss in Flora, 1845, 66. Leucas capensis,

Engl. Jahrb. x. 268. Phlomis capensis, Thunb. Prodr. 95, and Fl.

Cap. ed, Schult. 446.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Ecklon! Zeyher, 1350! Thunberg! Prior!

Coast ReGIon : Uitenhage Div.; Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 736 ! Sunday River

and Coega River, Drége! between Sunday River and Addo, Drége! and without

precise locality, Prior! Port Elizabeth Div. ; Cradock Place, Port Elizabeth,

Galpin, 6375! Albany Div. ; Grahamstown, Williamson! MacOwan, 621!

Bedford Div.; Small-deal country, Burke! Victoria East Div., Cooper, 401!

3108! Stockenstrom Div.; Kat Berg, Shaw! Queenstown Div.; Kat River,

800-900 ft., Baur! King Williamstown Div. ; near King Williamstown, T'yson,

1022! 2198! banks of the Buffalo River, 1300 ft., Galpin, 5940! British Kaffraria,

Pappe!

Geveis Recion: Jansenville Div.; Zwart-Ruggens, 2500-3000 ft., Drége!

Somerset Div. ; near Little Fish Kiver and Great Fish River, 2000-3000 ft.,

Drége! Graaff Reinet and Uitenhage Div., Bolus, 1661 ! :

Kavanart Reaion: Griqualand West ; Albania, Shaw! Asbestos Mountains, at

the Kloof Village, Burchell, 1660! between Griqua Town and Spuigslang Fontein,

Burchell, 1700! Lower Campbell, Burchell, 1820! Orange River Colony, Mrs.

Hutton! Olifants Fontein, Rehmann, 3789! Bechuanaland ; Batlapin Territory,

near the Vaal River, Holub! Transvaal; near Pietersburg, 4000 ft., Bolus, 10859 !

Waterval River, Wilms, 1149!

Eastern Recron: Natal; Mooi River Valley, Gerrard, 1217 ! 2000-8000 ft.,

Sutherland | and without precise locality, Miss Owen !

374 LABIAT (Skan). [ Leonotis.

XXIII. LEONOTIS, R. Br.

Calyx tubular, 10-nerved, incurved at the apex, more or less

oblique at the mouth, usually 8—10-toothed ; teeth often rigid and

spinescent, rarely unarmed or obtuse, more or less unequal, the

uppermost usually much longer and broader than the others, some-

times all but the uppermost minute or obsolete. Corolla-tube

usually exserted, cylindric or slightly enlarged above, naked or

imperfectly annular-pilose inside; limb 2-lipped ; upper lip erect,

elongated, concave, densely villous; lower lip short, spreading,

3-lobed, marcescent ; median lobe scarcely larger than the lateral.

Stamens 4, didynamous, ascending under the upper lip, the lower

pair longer than the upper ; anthers approximate in pairs, 2-celled ;

cells divaricate, subconfiuent. Disk equal. Style subulate at the

apex, 2-lobed; upper lobe very short. Nutlets ovoid-triquetrous,

obtuse or truncate at the apex, glabrous.

Herbs or shrubs; leaves often ovate, sometimes oblong-lanceolate, toothed,

usually petiolate ; floral leaves similar but smaller and often sessile ; whorls

axillary, densely many-flowered, usually few or solitary near the ends of the

stem or branches ; bracteoles numerous, subulate to narrowly lanceolate, often

spinescent ; flowers sessile to shortly pedicellate, often deep orange-yellow or red,

sometimes white, usually large.

Distris. Species 32, nearly all in Tropical or South Africa, 1 extending into

Tropical Asia and America.

LL. nepetefolia, R. Br., does not appear to be South African, though Bentham

(Lab. 618, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 535) cites a specimen collected by Forbes at

Delagoa Bay under this name. The specimen, however, is not in the Kew

Herbarium.

Leaves lanceolate, 5 or 6 times as long as broad :

Leaves pubescent ; calyx-teeth usually very short and

weak, often obtuse, not or rarely slightly

spinescent... a : (1) Leonurus.

Leaves glabrous; calyx-teeth rigid, very acute,

spinescent : a pe oe tei .. (2) Schinzii.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate to suborbicular-obovate, scarcely

longer than broad up to 3 (rarely more) times longer

than broad :

Leaves small, rarely more than 1 in. long and often

only about 4 in. long :

Branches and leaves very shortly pubescent or

merely puberulous; leaves usually broadly ;

ovate and not attenuated at the base... ... (3) Leonitis.

Branches and leaves rather densely covered with

somewhat long often spreading hispid hairs ;

leaves mostly obovate-cuneate, much attenuated

at the base... we se es

Leaves usually more than 1 in. long up to 4 in. long :

*Leaves covered on both sides or on the underside

only with a dense velvety often greyish

pubescence :

(4) microphylla.

Leonotis. | LABIAT (Skan). 375

tLeaves ovate or suborbicular-ovate, from about as

long as broad up to 14 times as long as broad,

oor subcordate or scarcely cuneate at the

Leaves suborbicular-ovate; petiole usually

distinctly longer than the blade; all the

calyx-teeth rather long, rigid and very

spinescent, the uppermost often much

longer than the others ae .

Leaves ovate; petiole shorter, often much

shorter than the blade ; all the calyx-teeth

rather short, not or only slightly spinescent,

the uppermost not much longer than the

others :

Petiole (of the upper leaves) $-} in. long ... (6) brevipes.

Petiole usually 1-14 in. long:

Leaves up to 34 in. long; stem deeply 4-

furrowed ; calyx adpressed-pubescent,

8-toothed ix ae isi wig

Leaves 13-2? in. long ; stem not or scarcely

furrowed ; calyx spreading-pubescent,

10-toothed ae ve te ... (8) Galpini.

+tLeaves usually ovate-lanceolate, often 2 or 3 times

as long as broad, usually distinctly cuneate at

the base ... a ss a

**Leaves more or less pubescent to nearly quite

glabrous, not densely covered with a velvety

pubescence :

Calyx usually 10-toothed ; teeth distinct, rather

regular, slender, spinescent, the uppermost

only slightly longer and broader than the

others ... oF ia kee a ... (18) Weste.

Calyx 8-10-toothed ; teeth often indistinct, very

short, irregular, unarmed or slightly spines-

cent, the uppermost scarcely longer but very

much broader than the others eat ... (11) intermedia.

Calyx more or less indistinctly 8-toothed, the

uppermost tooth relatively long compared

with the other small unarmed or slightly

spinescent teeth, or often with only 1 tooth

(the uppermost) :

Leaves usually less than 3 in. long and 23 in.

broad, scarcely flaccid ; teeth usually 1-24

lin. broad at the base, the terminal one

usually less than 3 lin. long ; petioles 1-2

rarely up to 24 in. long oy: ... (10) dubia.

Leaves usually more than 3 in. long and 23

in. broad, very flaccid ; teeth often 3-4 lin.

broad at the base, the terminal one 4-9 lin.

long ; petioles usually more than 2 in. up _

to 3 in. long ... sik a Cp ... (12) laxifolia. ~

(5) mollis.

(7) latifolia.

(9) dysophylla.

eee

1. L. Leonurus ([{R. Br. in] Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, iii. 410) ; shrubby ;

stems up to 7 or 8 ft. high, branched, densely and shortly adpressed-

pubescent ; leaves subsessile to shortly petiolate, oblong-lanceolate

or lanceolate, 2—4 in. long, }~1 in. broad, obtuse, much narrowed at

the base, crenate-serrate, shortly pubescent, often rather densely

376 LABIATA (Skan), __ [Leonotis.

beneath, prominently veined beneath ; floral leaves similar but

smaller, the uppermost usually sterile ; whorls up to about 7, distant

or approximate, usually densely flowered ; bracteoles narrowly linear,

up to 1 in. long, scarcely spinescent ; pedicels up to 2 lin. long;

calyx 64-8 lin. long, slightly oblique at the throat, densely and.

shortly pubescent, sometimes with longer spreading hairs ; teeth

8-10, deltoid to narrowly deltoid, }-1} rarely up to 1? lin. long,

subequal or very unequal, acute, usually soft, rarely slightly

spinescent ; corolla orange-scarlet, up to 24 in. long or more; tube

14-18 lin. long ; upper lip 6-9 lin. long; lower lip 34—4 lin. long.

Benth. Lab. 620, in E. Meyer, Comm. 243, and in DC. Prodr. xii.

536 ; Krauss in Flora, 1845, 66; Lynch in Gard. Chron. 1883, xix.

186, fig. 28; Morris in Ann. Bot. i. 160; Wood d& Evans, Natal

Pl. i. t. 53. Phlomis Leonurus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 820, and Mant. ii.

412; Berg. Descr. Pl. Cap. 151; Bot. Mag. t. 478; Thunb. Prodr. 95,

and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 446. Leonurus africanus, Mill. Dict. ed. 8,

n.1. L. grandiflorus, Moench, Meth. Pl. 400.

Var. 8, albiflora (Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 537); corolla white or when dry

sulphur-yellow,

SourH Arrica : without locality, Thunberg! Ecklon! Forbes! Pappe! Harvey,

562! Wallich!

Coast Recion: Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountain, 1000-2000 ft., Drége, 7955b!

Cape Div. ; various localities on the Cape Peninsula and near Cape Town, Harvey!

Wright, 505! Prior! MacGillivray, 569}! Milne, 133! Wolley-Dod, 662!

Ecklon, 48! Burchell, 108! Drége, 79554! Burke! MacOwan d&: Bolus, Herb.

Norm. Austr.-Afr., 591! Knysna Div.; near Stofpad, Burchell, 5288! Uitenhage

Div. ; Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 14! and without precise locality, Cooper, 1499!

Alexandria Div. ; Zuurberg Range, 2000-3000 ft., Drége! Albany Div. ; near

Grahamstown, MacOwan! Williamson! Schlechter, 2624! Bolton! Miss Daly &

Miss Cherry, 943 | and without precise locality, Atherstone, 38 ! Stockenstrom Div. ;

Kat Berg, Hutton! 4000 ft., Shaw, 1992! Stutterheim Div.; near Dohne Post,

Bowker, 86! Komgha Div.; between Zandplaat and Komgha, 2000-3000 ft.,

Drége. Var. 8: Malmesbury Div. ; Mamre, 2000-2500 ft., Bawr, 160! Worcester

Div. ; Hex River, Drége, 4829!

Katanari Recion: Transvaal; Sable Falls to Pilgrims Rest, common near

Burghers Pass (a form with unusually long calyx-teeth), Burtt-Davy, 433 !

Eastern ReEcion: Transkei; near Kentani, 1200 ft., Miss Pegler, 368!

Pondoland ; St. Johns River, Drége, 4828)! Griqualand East ; near Clydesdale,

2500 ft., Tyson, 2796! Natal; near Durban, Plant, 32! between the Umzimkulu

River and the Umkomanzi River, Drége, and without precise locality, Cooper,

1115! Gerrard, 19! Sanderson, 30! Var. B: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 164!

Zululand ; Eshowe, Mrs. K. Saunders, 1!

2. L. Schinzii (Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 143) ; plant glabrous

or here and there clothed with very short scattered hairs ; stem

branched ; leaves lanceolate, 11-2 in. long, 13-4 lin. broad, acute,

narrowed at the base, coarsely serrate, glabrous both sides, pro-

minently nerved beneath ; petiole 5-10 lin. long ; bracteoles subulate,

spinescent ; calyx 84-10 lin. long, glabrous or puberulous above ;

teeth 8, the uppermost larger than the others, all deltoid, rigid, very

acute, spinescent ; corolla orange-yellow. Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Afr, v. 494,

Leonotis. | LABIATA (Skan). 377

WESTERN REGION: Great Namaqualand ; Homeib, Schinz, 40.

Also in Hereroland.

3. L. Leonitis ([R. Br. in] Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, iii. 410); shrubby ;

stems up to 2 ft. high or more, shortly and densely pubescent,

sparingly branched ; leaves ovate to elliptic, 6-12 lin. long, 4—8 lin.

broad (on the branches often only 2—4 lin. long and 14-3 lin. broad),

obtuse or rounded at the apex, truncate, rounded or sometimes

cuneate at the base, crenate or crenate-serrate, shortly adpressed-

pubescent above, more or less densely pubescent beneath, rugose ;

petiole 2-5 lin. long; whorls usually solitary on each stem, densely

flowered ; bracteoles linear-subulate, 14—5 lin. long, spinescent ;

calyx 7-10 lin. long, densely shortly pubescent, sometimes with a

few longer hairs on the upper part; teeth usually 8, all more or

less spinescent ; uppermost tooth ovate-deltoid, 13-2 lin. long ;

other teeth deltoid to subulate, 1-1} lin. long, or sometimes almost.

obsolete ; corolla deep orange-yellow, 14-1} in. long ; tube 8-10}

lin. long; upper lip 6-10} lin. long; lower lip 3-4} lin. long.

L. ovata, Spreng. Syst. ii. 744; Benth. Lab. 619, in E. Meyer, Comm.

242, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 535; Krauss in Flora, 1845, 66;

Scott-Elliot in Ann. Bot. iv. 272. Phlomis Leonotis, Linn. Mant. i.

83; Thunb. Prodr. 96, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 446. P. Leonitis,

Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 128. Leonurus minor, etc., Boerh. Ind. Alt. Pl.

Hort. Lugd.-Bat. i. 180; Mill. Ic. ii, 108, t. 162, fig. 1.

Var. 8, hirtiflora (Skan); calyx densely and shortly pubescent and in the

upper part more or less densely clothed with long spreading hairs. L. hirtiflora,

Benth. in DC. Prodr, xii. 536.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg ! Ecklon! Var. B, Thom, 273!

Coast REGion: Swellendam Diy. ; between Storms Vallei and Attaquas

Kloof, Drége, 7952a! George Div. ; near George, Prior! Uniondale Div. ; near

Onzer, Dréye, 7954a! Humansdorp Div. ; between Humansdorp and Gamtoos

River, Bolus, 2481! Uitenhage Div.; Vanstadens Berg, Zeyher, 686! between

Vanstadens Berg and Bethelsdorp, Drége. Addo, 1000-2000 ft., Zeyher, 1349

partly ! Port Elizabeth Div. ; Algoa Bay, Prior! Var. 8: Cape Div. ; Ludwigs-

burg (Ludwigsburg Garden), Zeyher, 206! Bredasdorp Div. ; Riet Fontein Poort,

Schlechter, 9689! near Elim, Bolus, 8583! Swellendam Div. ; between Storms

Vallei and Attaquas Kloof, Drége, 7952b! Albany Div. ; near Grahamstown, Miss

Daly & Miss Cherry, 952!

CenrraL REGION: Somerset Div.; Bruintjes Hoogte, lower part, Burchell,

5008 !

Eastern REGION: Tembuland ; Bazeia, 2000-3000 ft., Baur, 95!

Phlomis ocymifolia, Burm. f. Fl. Cap. Prodr. 16, is possibly L. Leonitis, R. Br.

4. L. microphylla (Skan); perennial, rather densely covered on

stem, branches and leaves with short mixed with longer somewhat

hispid hairs ; stem up to 2 ft. high or more, up to 2} lin, thick,

freely branched at the base ; branches often very short (1-5 in.

long) and slender, densely leafy ; leaves obovate-cuneate to lanceo-

late, up to 9 (usually less than 6) lin. long, 14-6 lin. broad, obtuse

or rounded, narrowed to the base; crenate-serrate, rather thick ;

petiole 1-8 (rarely up to 12) lin. long; whorls 1 or 2, distant,

378 LABIAT (Skan). [ Leonotis.

densely-flowered ; bracteoles subulate, 3-5 lin. long, spinescent ;

pedicels 7-4 lin. long; calyx curved, 9-10 lin. long, somewhat

densely covered with short hispid hairs, prominently 10-nerved ;

teeth 8, all spinescent ; uppermost tooth deltoid, 1?-24 lin. long ;

other teeth narrowly deltoid to subulate, $—-1 lin. long ; corolla

deep orange-yellow, 13-20 lin. long ; tube 7-11 lin. long ; upper lip

6-9 lin. long ; lower lip about 4 lin. long.

KaaHariI Recion: Transvaal; Jeppestown Ridges, Johannesburg, 6000 it.,

Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6169! Meintjies Kop, Pretoria, 4800 ft., Burtt-Davy,

3936 ! Heidelberg, Miss Leendertz, 1035!

5. L. mollis (Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 242) ; shrubby, at least

at the base ; stems up to 3 ft. high, very densely covered with short

adpressed soft hairs ; leaves broadly ovate to suborbicular, usually

3-1? in. long and broad, obtuse or rounded at the apex, broadly

and shallowly cordate, truncate or slightly cuneate at the base,

crenate or crenate-serrate, densely and shortly velvety-pubescent

especially beneath, rather thick; petiole 3-2 in. long; whorls

solitary or few, densely flowered ; bracteoles subulate or linear, up

to 7 lin. long, spinescent ; calyx 94-11 lin. long, densely and shortly

pubescent and sometimes with a few longer hairs on the upper part ;.

teeth 8, all rigidly spinescent ; uppermost tooth deltoid, up to 44

lin. long including the long spine; other teeth narrowly deltoid,

3-1 lin. long ; corolla deep orange-yellow, up to about 1} in. long ;

tube 8-10 lin. long; upper lip 7-8 lin. long ; lower lip 33-4} lin.

long. DOC. Prodr. xii. 536.

Var. 8, albiflora (Skan) ; somewhat less velvety-pubescent ; corolla white.

Souru Arrica; without locality, Mund !

Coast Recion : Uitenhage Div.; Addo, Drége, 7953b! Zeyher, 1349 partly !

Zuurberg Range, Drége, 7958c! banks of the Coega River, Prior! Albany Div. ;

Howisons Poort, Hutton! near Grahamstown, Bolton! Queenstown Div. ;

mountain sides near Queenstown, 4500 ft., Galpin, 1825!

CenTRAL REGION: Somerset Div. ; Somerset East, Bowker, 107! Bruintjes

Hoogte, lower part, Burchell, 3008! Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet,

2600 ft., Bolus, 545! Beaufort West Div. ; Nieuwveld Mountains near Beaufort

West, 3000-5000 ft., Drége, 79530! Philipstown Div.; near Riet Fontein,

Burchell, 2732! Var. 8B: Somerset Div.; Bosch Berg, MacOwan !

Katanari Recton: Orange River Colony ; Sand Drift, Burke !

6. L. brevipes (Skan); stems herbaceous, at least in the upper

part, 1}-1} lin. in diam., rounded on the angles, 4-furrowed,

densely covered with short fine grey recurved hairs ; leaves ovate

to narrowly ovate, 14-24 in. long, 1-1} in. broad, obtusely or

subacutely acuminate at the apex, truncate-cuneate to slightly

cordate at the base, dentate-serrate, densely greyish velvety-

pubescent, especially beneath, moderately thick ; terminal tooth

narrowly deltoid, 3-5 lin. long, often (as well as some of the lateral

teeth) with a minute callous apiculus ; petiole of the upper leaves

2-6 lin. long; whorls solitary, globose, compact, many-flowered ;

Leonotis. | LABIAT (Skan). 379

bracteoles subulate to narrowly lanceolate, up to 5 lin. long, often

slightly spinescent ; pedicel up to 1 lin. long ; calyx 8-9 lin. long,

densely covered with short fine spreading hairs mixed with longer

hairs ; teeth 8; uppermost tooth broadly deltoid or ovate-deltoid,

11 lin. long, spinescent ; other teeth deltoid, }—-} lin. long, usually

slightly spinescent ; corolla deep orange-yellow, up to 17 lin. long ;

ii up to 9 lin. long; upper lip up to 8 lin. long ; lower lip 4 lin.

ong.

Katanart Recon : Transvaal; Medingen Mission Station, Zoutpansberg, in

bush, Burtt-Davy, 2657 !

Differs from Z. mollis, Benth., in having longer leaves narrower at the apex,

much shorter petioles, and very short calyx-teeth.

7. L. latifolia (Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 143); stem up to

5 ft. high, rather much branched, pubescent as well as the branches ;

leaves ovate or suborbicular, 24-4 in. long, 13-3 in. broad, acute,

deeply cordate at the base (the upper subcordate), coarsely crenate,

pubescent above, canescent or almost velvety beneath, prominently

veined beneath; petiole up to 24 in. long; bracteoles lanceolate,

acute ; calyx 64-8 lin. long, pubescent outside, more or less hirsute

along the nerves ; teeth 8, the uppermost not much larger than the

others, all rigid and shortly spinescent; corolla brick-red.

Eastern Recion: Natal; Biggarsberg Range, Rehmann, 7057; Van Reenens

Pass, 5500-6200 ft., Kuntze; Mooi River, 4900 ft., Schlechter, 6839 ; Murchison, |

Alfred County, Bachmann, 1174.

A specimen collected by Drege at the St. Johns River, Pondoland, and Wood,

1303, from Inanda, Natal, should probably be referred to this species, of which

we have not seen any of the specimens cited above. In HZ. Meyer, Comm. 242,

Drége’s specimen is identified with L. dubia, E. Meyer, but it appears to be

specifically distinct.

8. L. Galpini (Skan); stem herbaceous, at least in the upper

part, 4 ft. high, branched, densely covered with short grey reflexed

hairs, somewhat sharply 4-angled, not or scarcely furrowed ; leaves

broadly ovate, 14-3 in. long, 1}—2 in. broad, obtuse or minutely

_apiculate at the apex, truncate or very slightly cuneate at the base,

coarsely dentate-serrate or crenate-dentate, densely greyish velvety-

pubescent, especially on tke nerves beneath, moderately thick ;

petiole 14-1} in. long ; whorls solitary, rather loose, many-flowered ;

bracteoles subulate, up to about 6 lin. long, slightly spinescent ;

pedicels up to 1} lin. long ; calyx about 9 lin. long, densely covered

with short fine spreading hairs mixed with much longer hairs, rather

thin and somewhat transparent between the ribs ; teeth usually 10 ;

uppermost tooth narrowly deltoid, 1} lin. long, slightly spinescent ;

other teeth narrowly deltoid, }—} lin. long, acute but scarcely

spinescent, sometimes 1 or more almost obsolete ; corolla deep

orange-yellow, 17-18 lin. long; tube about 9 lin. long ; upper lip

about 8 lin. long ; lower lip 4} lin. long.

380 LABIATA (Skan). [ Leonotis.

Coast REGION : Queenstown Div.; mountain sides near Queenstown, 4500 ft.,

Galpin, 1825!

Differs from L. mollis, Benth., in the more coarsely toothed leaves, longer

pedicels, longer and thinner calyx-tube, with 10 shorter much less spinescent

teeth.

9. L. dysophylla (Benth. in E. Meyer, Comm. 242); shrubby, at

least at the base ; stem robust, upwards of 2 ft. high, densely and

usually shortly pubescent ; leaves ovate-lanceolate or sometimes

ovate, up to 2} in. long or more and 1} in. broad, obtuse or subacute

at the apex, cuneate at the base, somewhat regularly crenate or

crenate-serrate, densely and shortly sometimes yellowish villous,

especially beneath, thick ; petiole 4-14 in. long ; whorls solitary or

few, densely flowered ; bracteoles subulate to narrowly lanceolate,

up to about 8 lin. long, spinescent ; calyx 9-114 lin. long, shortly

and densely adpressed-pubescent ; teeth 8, all spinescent ; upper-

most tooth broadly deltoid-ovate, 13-2} lin. long; other teeth

narrowly deltoid, }—? lin. long; corolla deep orange-yellow, 12-18

lin. long; tube 9-10 lin. long; upper lip 5-9 lin. long ; lower lip

4-4} lin. long. DC. Prodr. xii. 536. L. dasyphylla, Drége, Zwei

PA. Documente, 198. L. malacophylla, Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxii.

142; 8. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1903, 406. L. Leonurus, Rand in

Journ. Bot. 1903, 194, not of R. Br.

Katanart Recion : Orange River Colony, Cooper, 1041! Transvaal ; Rooiplaat,

Miss Leendertz, 770a! Hooge Veld. near Heidelberg, Wilms, 1146a! near

Lydenburg, Wilms, 1146 !

Eastern Recion: Transkei; near Kentani, 1200 ft., Miss Pegler, 1514!

Pondoland ; between St. Johns River and Umsikaba River, 1000-2000 it.,

Drége, 4832a ! Griqualand East ; Clydesdale, near the Umzimkulu River, 2506 ft.,

Tyson, 2729! and in MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr., 1508! Natal; between the

Tugela and Klip Rivers, Gerrard, 393! Drakensberg, near Ladysmith, Wilms,

2111! Camperdown, Rehmann, 7750; Howick, about 3300 ft., Junod, 403 ;

between the Umzimkulu River and Umkomanzi River, Drége ; and without precise

locality, Gerrard, 596 !

10. L. dubia (E. Meyer, Comm. 242 partly) ; stems apparently

herbaceous above and woody below, rather slender, branched,

rounded on the angles, 4-furrowed, rather densely covered with

minute curled hairs ; leaves ovate, usually 11-2} in. long, rarely |

up to 3} in. long, 1-2} in. broad, obtuse to shortly obtusely

acuminate at the apex, broadly and shallowly cordate, truncate or

slightly cuneate at the base, coarsely crenate-serrate, thinly to

densely somewhat velvety-pubescent especially beneath ; lateral

teeth usually about }-1} lin. long and broad ; terminal tooth ovate

to narrowly deltoid, usually less than 3 lin. long; petiole slender,

j+1} rarely up to 24 in. long; whorls often solitary, sometimes

2 or 3, densely flowered ; bracteoles subulate or linear, up to 5 or

6 lin. long, usually slightly spinescent ; pedicels up to 1} lin. long ;

- calyx 7}—-8} lin. long, densely and shortly pubescent ; teeth usually

8; uppermost tooth deltoid, 14-2 lin. long, spinescent ; other teeth

very small, obtuse or slightly spinescent, sometimes obsolete ;

Leonotis. | LABIATA (Skan). 381

corolla deep orange-yellow, up to 14 in. long; tube up to 10 lin.

long ; upper lip up to 8 lin. long; lower lip 34-4 lin. long. Benth.

in DC. Prodr. xii. 536; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 493. L.

parvifolia, Benth. Lab. 619.

SourtH Arrica: without locality, Masson, Harvey! Ecklon !

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div.; Enon, Drége, 4831la! and without precise

locality, Zeyher! Albany Div.; near Grahamstown, 2090 ft., MacOwan, 1264!

Bedford Div. ; Bedford, Miss Nicol, 34! King Williamstown Div. ; Buffalo River,

Drége! East London Div. ; East London, in river bed, Galpin, 5734!

Also in British Central Africa.

Galpin, 2633, from Bailey Poort, Queenstown Division, is probably Z. dubia,

though the leaves are more densely greyish-villous than is usual in this species.

11. L. intermedia (Lindl. Bot. Reg. x. t. 850); subshrubby ; stem

erect, about 4 ft. high, densely and very shortly adpressed-pubescent ;

leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, up to 3 in. long and 2 in. broad,

obtusely acuminate, the lower cordate, the upper more or less cuneate

at the base, crenate-serrate or crenate, very shortly and sometimes

rather densely pubescent, often rugose beneath; petioles of the

upper leaves $—14 in. long ; whorls densely flowered, usually solitary

and subterminal, sometimes with a second much smaller one above ;

bracteoles linear to lanceolate, up to about § in. long, usually spinose

at the apex ; calyx 6-8 lin. long, densely long-villous outside ; teeth

8-10, very short, the uppermost only slightly longest, all obtuse

or sometimes slightly spinose; corolla orange-yellow, 13-15 lin.

long ; tube 8-9} lin. long; upper lip 6 lin. long ; lower lip 3} lin.

long. Benth. in DC. Prodr, xii. 536 partly.

Var. 8, natalensis (Skan); calyx puberulous or shortly villous ; teeth usually

slightly spinose. L. intermedia, Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 536, partly.

Coast Recton: Uitenhage Div. ; Cooper, 2897! Port Elizabeth Div. ; Algoa

Bay, Forbes!

Eastern Recion: Var. 8: Natal; near Durban, Peddie! Grant! Williamson!

Bushmans River, Gerrard, 362!

12. L. laxifolia (MacOwan in Kew Bulletin, 1893, 13); stems

apparently herbaceous, slender, more or less covered with short

curled hairs ; leaves broadly ovate, 24—4 in. long, 14-3} in. broad,

acuminate at the apex, broadly and shallowly cordate, truncate or

slightly cuneate at the base, incised-dentate, sparingly sprinkled

with minute (rarely rather long) slender hairs, sometimes rather

densely puberulous beneath, very thin; lateral teeth often 3 lin.

long and 3 lin. broad at the base ; terminal tooth usually lanceolate,

up to 9 lin. long; petioles very slender, 14-2} in. long ; whorls 1-3,

loosely many-flowered ; bracteoles subulate or linear, up to 7 lin.

long, reflexed, often slightly spinescent ; pedicels up to 3 lin. long ;

calyx 8-9} lin. long, puberulous and sometimes with rather longer

hairs chiefly on the nerves near the apex ; teeth 8, all spinescent,

or sometimes only 1 (the uppermost) ; uppermost tooth up to 2? lin.

long ; other teeth when present }- lin. long ; corolla deep orange-

382 LABIATA (Skan). | Leonotis.

yellow, up to 1} in, long ; tube 7-8 lin. long ; upper lip 6-8 lin. long ;

lower lip 34 lin. long. L. urticifolia, Brig. in Bull. Herb. Boiss.

2m sér. iii. 1091.

Coast Recion : Albany Div. ; Grahamstown, Prior!

Eastern Recon: Transkei; near Kentani, 1200 ft., Miss Pegler, 355!

Griqualand East; in woods on Mount Malowe, 4500 ft., Tyson, 2766, and in

MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Austr.-Afr., 1300! Natal; Ismont, Wood, 1837! and

without precise locality, Cooper, 1182!

Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 144, distinguishes a form (pilosa) which differs

from the type in its greater hairiness, especially on the calyx, the ribs of which

are furnished with rather long hairs. The specimen cited by him (Rehmann,

7374, from Kar Kloof, Natal) we have not seen. Typical L. laxifolia is less

hairy than the other specimens referred to above. :

13. L. Weste (Skan); stems apparently herbaceous, weak,

scarcely furrowed, at least in the upper part, densely covered with

very short greyish recurved hairs; leaves ovate-deltoid, 1—2} in.

long, 3-2 in. broad, obtusely acuminate at the apex, broadly cuneate

at the base, coarsely crenate-dentate except at the entire base,

somewhat thinly covered above and more densely beneath with

short adpressed greyish hairs, rather thin ; lateral teeth 1}—3 lin.

long, up to 34 lin. broad; terminal tooth narrowly deltoid, up to

5 lin. long; petiole slender, }-2 in. long, densely grey-pilose ;

whorls solitary, relatively small, up to about 30-flowered in specimens

seen; bracteoles subulate or linear, up to about 5 lin. long,

spinescent ; pedicels up to } lin. long; calyx 7 lin. long, densely

and very shortly pubescent, with slightly longer hairs on the nerves ;

teeth usually 10, all subulate or the uppermost sometimes deltoid,

spinescent ; uppermost tooth 14 lin. long; other teeth rather

regular, }-? lin. long; corolla deep orange-yellow, up to 1} in.

long ; tube up to 9 lin. long ; upper lip up to 9 lin. long ; lower lip

4 lin. long.

Coast Reaion: Port Elizabeth Div. ; Port Elizabeth, Miss West, 75!

Near L. laxifolia, MacOwan, but the plant is more hairy, leaves smaller and

less pete pedicels much shorter, calyx shorter and usually with 10 less unequal

teeth.

Imperfectly known species.

14. L. Bachmannii (Guerke in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 143); stem

simple, 3-64 ft. high, pubescent ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, 1}-2 in.

long, 3-1 in. broad, acute or acuminate, narrowed at the base,

crenate-serrate, pubescent both sides ; petiole }-1} in. long; bract-

eoles subulate, spinescent ; pedicels 14—2 lin. long ; calyx 84-10 lin.

long, puberulous or almost glabrous outside ; teeth 8, the uppermost

only slightly larger than the others, all ending in a short strong

rigid spine ; corolla orange-yellow.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; hillsides near Barberton, at about 3000 ft.,

Galpin, 922.

Eastern Recion : Pondoland ; on hills, Bachmann, 1170, 1175.

Tinnea. | LABIAT (Skan). 383

XXIV. TINNEA, Kotschy et Peyr.

Calyx campanulate, with 2 broad entire or nearly entire lips,

ovoid, much enlarged inflated and deeply 2-valved when in fruit.

Corolla-tube short, broad, enlarged at the throat, scarcely longer

than the calyx; limb 2-lipped; upper lip short, broad, erect-

spreading, emarginate or 2-lobed ; lower lip much larger, spreading,

3-lobed ; median lobe much larger than the lateral rounded lobes,

emarginate. Stamens 4, didynamous (the lower pair longer),

ascending under the upper lip, more rarely somewhat exserted ;

anthers 2-celled ; cells short, divergent, finally subconfluent. Disk

equal. Ovary shortly 4-lobed ; style shortly bifid ; lobes acute, the

upper usually shorter. Nutlets obovoid-clavate, long-contracted at

the base, attached by a lateral areole, furnished on the back with a

broad membranous elliptic or orbicular wing. Seeds attached

laterally.

Shrubs or perennial herbs, pubescent or grey-tomentose; leaves sessile or

petiolate, usually entire, the upper similar or gradually reduced to bracts ;

whorls usually loosely 2-flowered, axillary or in terminal racemes; pedicels

2-bracteolate ; flowers fragrant, rather small, usually brownish- or violet-purple,

Distrip. Species 20, of which 18 are Tropical African ; 1 in Arabia.

1. T. Galpini (Briq. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér. iii. 1094,

Tinnea); an undershrub 6-15 in. high or more; _ branches

slender, terete, densely and shortly pilose-pubescent ; leaves sub-

sessile or shortly petiolate, elliptic-lanceolate to elliptic-ovate, up to

1 in. long and } in. broad, minutely apiculate or obtuse at the apex,

slightly narrowed at the base, entire or nearly so, sparingly pilose-

pubescent both sides, gland-dotted beneath ; petiole up to 1} lin.

long ; flowers violet-scented, solitary or sometimes in pairs, axillary

or in terminal more or less unilateral racemes up to 6 in. long ;

whorls remote ; bracts ovate-elliptic or ovate, about as long as to

much longer than the pedicels ; pedicels up to 6 lin. long, densely

and shortly pilose-pubescent, minutely bibracteolate; calyx (in

flower) broadly campanulate, 3—4 lin. long, densely pilose-pubescent,

purplish ; lips rounded, 14-2 lin. long, 34-4 lin. broad, the upper

slightly longer than the lower; calyx (in fruit) ovoid, inflated,

membranous, up to 8 lin. long and 5 lin. broad ; corolla claret- or

prune-colour, about 4 lin. longer than the calyx; tube funnel-

shaped, 4-5 lin. long ; upper lip about 1-1} lin. long, about 23 lin.

broad, emarginate; lower lip 3-lobed ; median lobe transversely

oblong, 24 lin. long, 44-54 lin. broad, emarginate ; lateral lobes

broadly rounded, 1} lin. long, 13-24 lin. broad.

KALAHARI Recion: Transvaal; Barberton and neighbourhood, 3000-4500 ft.,

Galpin, 1212! Thorncroft, 39 (Wood, 4148)! Miss Leendertz, 4114! Klippan,

Rehmann, 5288! 5289!

384 LABIATA (Skan). [ Teucrium.

XXV. TEUCRIUM, Linn.

Calyx tubular or campanulate, rarely inflated ; teeth 5, equal or

the uppermost broadest. Corolla-tube included or rarely exserted,

naked inside ; limb as if with only 1 (the lower) lip; lobes 5, the

lowermost largest and often concave. Stamens 4, didynamous (the

lower pair longer), exserted between the uppermost corolla-lobes ;

anthers 2-celled ; cells divergent or more usually divaricate, confluent.

Disk equal. Style 2-fid ; lobes subulate, subequal. Nutlets obovoid,

reticulate-rugose, attached by an oblique or lateral areole which

sometimes extends beyond the middle.

Herbs, undershrubs or shrubs, of various habit ; leaves entire, toothed or

more or less deeply lobed, the upper similar or reduced to bracts ; whorls 2- to

several-flowered, axillary or forming terminal spikes, racemes or heads.

Distris. Species about 180, widely distributed over the temperate and

warmer regions of the world, but chiefly in the northern hemisphere and most

frequent in the Mediterranean Region.

T. mauritanum, Linn. [= 7. Pseudo-chamepitys, Linn.], and 7. lucidum,

Linn., are included in Burm. f. Fl. Cap. Prodr. 16. They are not South African,

‘but natives of the Mediterranean Region.

Leaves more or less deeply 3-fid, rarely entire :

Peduncles usually 1-flowered and much shorter than

the leaves... tee ... (1) africanum,

Peduncles 3-7-flowered ; cymes often as long as or

longer than the leaves pie a of ... (2) capense.

Leaves entire or few-toothed te tee ses ... (3) riparium.,

1. T. africanum (Thunb. Prodr. 95); an erect undershrub, a few

inches up to 1} ft. high or more, usually much branched ; branches

very slender, 4-angled, rather densely leafy, grey-puberulous ; leaves

deeply 3-fid, usually }#-1 in. long, sometimes up to 2 in. long or

more, thinly pubescent above, grey- puberulous or -tomentose beneath ;

lobes linear or linear-oblong, 2-9 lin. Jong, usually 4-1 (sometimes

up to 13) lin. broad, obtuse, revolute at the margin, usually entire,

sometimes (especially the median lobe) more or less 3-fid ; flowers

axillary, solitary or sometimes 2 or more on the same peduncle ;

peduncle 14-4 lin. long, bearing below the middle a pair of small

bracteoles ; calyx campanulate, 2-24 lin. long, thinly grey-pube-

rulous ; teeth linear-triangular or lanceolate, 14-14 lin. long, }—} lin.

broad at the base, acuminate; corolla white, about 2 lin. long ;

tube }—1 lin. long ; lobes elliptic or elliptic-oblong, rounded, 1—1# lin.

long. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 445 ; Benth. Lab. 669, in E. Meyer,

Comm. 243, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 577. T. trifidum, Retz. Obs. i.

21% T. trifidum, Wendl. Bot. Beobacht. 50% Ajuga africana, Pers.

Syn. ii. 109.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg! Ecklon !

Coast Reaion : George Div.; Kamanassie Hills, Prior! and without precise

locality, Zeyher! Pappe! Uitenhage Div. ; woods of Zwartkops River and Addo,

Teucrium. | LABIATA (Skan). 385

Zeyher, 63! Enon, Drége. Albany Div.; near Grahamstown, Bolton! William-

son! Queenstown Div. ; Engotini, near Shiloh, Baur, 31! Queenstown, 3500-

4000 ft., Galpin, 2012! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 276 !

CEenTRAL Recion: Willowmore Div. ; Zwaanepoels Poort, Drége, 7948d !

Somerset Div.; Bruintjes Hoogte, lower part, Burchell, 2994! Graaff Reinet

Div. ; near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft., Bolus, 197! Aberdeen Div. ; Camdeboo

Mountain, 4000-5000 ft., Drége, 79486! Beaufort West Div. ; between Beaufort

West and Rhenoster Kop, Drége. Richmond Div. ; between Richmond and

Brak Vallei River, Drége.

2. T. capense (Thunb. Prodr. 95); an erect undershrub, 1-3 ft.

high or more; stem usually freely branched, thinly and shortly

pubescent ; branches twiggy, slender, 4-angled; leaves usually

deeply trifid, rarely entire and lanceolate, the larger up to 2 in.

long or more, shortly and thinly pubescent above, more pubescent

or often canescent beneath ; lobes lanceolate to linear, up to about

1 in. long, 3-34 lin. broad, acute, entire or 3-5-fid, revolute at the

margin ; cymes axillary, 3—7-flowered, as long as or longer (rarely

shorter) than the leaves ; peduncles very slender, 3-15 lin. long ;

pedicels 1-6 lin. long; bracteoles usually very small and linear,

rarely up to 5 lin. long and lanceolate; calyx campanulate,

1?-23? lin. long, thinly covered with short curled or adpressed hairs ;

teeth narrowly deltoid, lanceolate or linear-triangular, }-1? lin.

long, }—3 lin, broad at the base, acute or acuminate ; corolla white,

14-2 lin. long ; lobes elliptic or ovate-elliptic, }-2 lin. long. Thunb.

Fi. Cap. ed. Schult. 445 ; Benth. Lab. 667, in E. Meyer, Comm. 243,

and in DO. Prodr. xii. 577. Ajuga capensis, Pers. Syn. ii. 109.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Ecklon, 30! 53! Zeyher, 1351!

Coast Reaion: Oudtshoorn Div.; at the foot of the Zwartbergen, Bolus,

2437! Humansdorp Div.; Zeekoe River, Thunberg! Uitenhage Div. ; Zuurberg

Range near Bontjes River, 2000 ft., Drége, 7948¢! and without precise locality,

Zeyher! Prior! Albany Div. ; on the rocks of Zwartwater Poort, Burchell, 3389 |

Grahamstown and neighbourhood, Miss Daly & Miss Sole, 92! Bolton! Trapps

Valley, Miss Daly, 550! Queenstown Div.; plains at Queenstown, 3500 ft.,

Galpin, 1647! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 2899 ! ;

Katawart Reaion: Orange River Colony; Vet River, Burke! Transvaal ;

various localities, Junod, 1593! Sanderson! McLea in Herb. Bolus, 5780! Wilms,

1084! 1106! Burtt-Davy, 1509! 1593! 3929! 7670! Miss Leendertz, 462!

Eastern Recion: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker! Natal; various

localities, Sanderson, 27! Gerrard, 1215! Wood, 3566! Wilms, 2147!

3. T. riparium (Hochst. in Flora, 1845, 66) ; an erect undershrub,

up to 4 ft. high; stem usually simple below and branched above,

rather densely pubescent ; branches usually short, slender, 4-angled ;

leaves lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate or linear, the larger 1-2} in.

long, 2-6 lin. broad, remotely few-toothed near the apex or entire,

acute er obtuse at the apex, much narrowed at the base, revolute

at the margin, glabrous or minutely hispidulous above, thinly

pubescent below ; cymes axillary, 2-7-flowered, usually about as

long as the leaves, minutely bracteolate ; peduncles 5-8 lin. long ;

pedicels 2—4 lin. long ; calyx campanulate, 1}-1} lin. long, thinly

covered with short adpressed hairs; teeth narrowly deltoid or

VOL. V.—SECT. I. 20

386 LABIAT& (Skan). | Teweriwm.

lanceolate, about } lin. long, 4-3 lin. broad at the base, acute ;

corolla white, about 2 lin, long ; tube }-1} lin. long ; lobes elliptic

or ovate-elliptic, 1-1} lin. long. Benth. in DC. Prodr, xii. 576.

Eastern Recion: Transkei; near Kentani, 1200 ft., Miss Pegler, 332!

Tembuland ; Bazeia, 2000 ft., Baur, 92! Griqualand East ; near Clydesdale,

2500 ft., Tyson, 2062! and in MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1518! Zuurberg Range,

5000 ft., Zyson, 1183! Natal; on the Umlaas River, Kvauss, 153! Durban,

Sanderson, 91! 96! Gerrard, 1216! Inanda, 1800 ft., Wood, 82! and without

precise locality, Cooper, 1138! Zululand, Mrs. McKenzie !

XXVI. AJUGA, Linn.

Calyx campanulate, 10-nerved or irregularly many-nerved, sub-

equal, 5-fid or 5-toothed. Corolla-tube included or exserted, annular-

pilose inside, somewhat enlarged at the throat ; limb 2-lipped ;

upper lip short or very short, subentire, emarginate or 2-fid, some-

times truncate; lower lip elongated, spreading, 3-lobed; median

lobe largest, emarginate or 2-fid. Stamens 4, didynamous (the lower

pair longer), usually exserted from the upper lip; anthers 2-celled ;

cells divergent or divaricate, finally confluent. Disk equal or often

produced in front. Ovary shortly 4-lobed nearly to the middle ;

style 2-fid; lobes subulate, subequal. Nutlets obovoid, reticulate-

ea Nee attached by a broad lateral areole which extends beyond the

middle.

Annual or more usually perennial herbs, rarely suffruticose at the base, often

decumbent or stoloniferous; leaves often coarsely toothed, sometimes incised,

rarely quite entire ; floral leaves similar or the upper (sometimes all) reduced to

bracts ; whorls 2- to many-flowered, axillary or in dense or interrupted terminal

spikes ; flowers usually blue, white or yellow ; corolla marcescent.

DistriB. Species about 50, chiefly in the extra-tropical regions of the Old

World, most numerous in the Orient.

1. A. Ophrydis (Burch. ex Benth. Lab. 695) ; a perennial herb,

without stolons ; stem rather stout, erect, 4-12 in. high, leafy, more

or less pilose or sometimes rather densely white woolly-pilose ;

leaves sessile or sometimes distinctly petiolate, obovate, obovate-

oblong to spathulate, 14-3} in. long, 4-1 in. broad, rounded or

obtuse, distinctly narrowed at the base, usually coarsely few-toothed,

rarely quite entire, glabrous or more or less pilose, subcoriaceous,

rigid ; floral leaves sessile, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, usually longer

than the flowers ; whorls few- to many-flowered ; lower distant ;

upper usually close together forming an elongated somewhat crowded

spike ; bracteoles linear to linear-oblong, scarcely as long as the

calyx ; calyx sessile or very shortly stalked, campanulate, 3-4} lin.

long, more or less densely somewhat stiffly hairy on the upper part ;

teeth deltoid to narrowly deltoid, 1-24 lin. long, 3-1} lin. broad at

the base, subacute to acuminate; corolla pale blue or lilac, more

rarely white ; tube 34-4} lin. long, slightly curved, gibbous in front

Ajuga. | LABIATA (Skan). 387

at the base, enlarged at the throat ; upper lip 7-1 lin. long, about

2 lin. broad at the base, emarginate; lower lip 34-5 lin. long ;

median lobe broadly obovate, 2?-3} lin. long and broad, deeply

emarginate ; lateral lobes ovate-oblong, 14-1} lin. long. Benth. in

E. Meyer, Comm. 243, and in DC. Prodr. xii. 597.

SourH AFRICA: without locality, Thunberg! Ecklon !

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div.; Zuurberg Range, 2000-3000 ft., Drege!

Van Stadens Berg, Zeyher, 346! Bathurst Div. ; between Blue Krantz and Kaffir

Drift Military Post, Burchell, 3700! Albany Div. ; Slaay Kraal, Burke ! Grahams-

town and neighbourhood, MacOwan! Bolton! Fort Beaufort Div. ; Kat River,

2000 ft., Dréye! Winter Berg, Mrs. Barber, 120 ! Stockenstrom Div. ; Kat Berg,

Miss Sole, 375! Cathcart Div. ; Blesbok Flats, near Windvogel Mountain, 3000 ft.,

Dréye! Komgha Div. ; between Zandplaat and Komgha, Dréze ! British Kaffraria,

Cooper, 169! 334!

CentraL Recion: Somerset Div. ; Somerset East, Bowker; Bosch Berg,

3000-4000 ft., MacOwan, 436 !

Katanart Region: Orange River Colony; Wolve Kop, Burke! Bethlehem,

Richardson! Harrismith, Sankey, 227! Witte Bergen, Mrs. Barber & Mrs.

Bowker, 763! Basutoland; Drakensberg, 8000 ft., Mellersh! and without

precise locality, Cooper, 2901! Transvaal ; Heidelberg and neighbourhood, Miss

Leendertz, 1033! Burtt-Davy, 3125! near Lydenburg, 4400 ft., Burtt-Davy,

7664! Vereeniging, 4700 ft., Burtt-Davy, 7029! and without precise locality,

McLea in Herb. Bolus, 5781! :

Eastern Recion: Transkei; Kreilis Country, Bowker! Tembuland ; Bazeia,

2000 ft., Baur, 272! Griqualand East ; around Kokstad, 4800 ft., Tyson, 1102!

and in MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1519! Natal; Durban, Gerrard, 1218!

Pietermaritzburg, 2000-3000 ft., Sutherland! Wilms, 2200 ! Inanda, Wood, 1436!

Howick, Mrs. Hutton, 373! and without precise locality, Sanderson, 375 ! Swazi-

land ; mountains above Embabane, 4500 ft., Burtt-Davy, 3336 !

Orper CVI. PLANTAGINEAS.

(By Dr. T. Cooke.)

Flowers regular, usually hermaphrodite. _Calya inferior, 2-partite ;

sepals imbricate, persistent, the anticous free or connate, keeled on

the back and with membranous margins. Corolla hypogynous,

tubular, scarious, marcescent, 4-lobed ; tube ampulliform or cylindric ;

lobes 4, imbricate in bud. Stamens usually 4, inserted on the

corolla-tube ; filaments filiform ; anthers versatile, 2-celled, dehiscing

by a long slit. Ovary superior, 1-4-celled ; ovules 1 to many in

each cell ; style filiform, erect. Capsule 1—4-celled, submembranous,

1- or many-seeded, dehiscent or indehiscent. Seeds attached to the

placenta by the inner face; testa thin ; albumen fleshy ; embryo

cylindrie, transverse ; radicle inferior.

Perennial or annual herbs with or without stems ; leaves in stemless plants

rosulate, in plants with stems alternate or opposite ; petioles usually dilated at

the base ; flowers usually spicate (rarely solitary), each subtended by a persistent

bract.

Disrris. Genera 3 ; species about 200, cosmopolitan, chiefly in temperate and

subtemperate regions. ea ¢

388 PLANTAGINES (Cooke). | Plantago.

I. PLANTAGO, Linn.

Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamo-dicecious, each supported by

a bract. Calya 4lobed; segments subequal or the two outer

larger. Corolla-tube cylindric or ampulliform ; lobes 4. Stamens 4,

inserted on the corolla-tube. Ovary usually 2-celled with 1 to

several ovules in each cell ; style simple. Capsule membranous,

circumscissilely dehiscing at the middle or near the base. Seeds 2

to several; albumen fleshy ; embryo straight or curved ; radicle

inferior.

Annual or perennial herbs, often stemless with the leaves in a radical rosette ;

leaves various, usually entire ; flowers inconspicuous, spicate or eapitate, each

subtended by a single bract.

Distris. Species nearly 200, cosmopolitan.

Capsules many-seeded :

Leaves 1-4 in. long; spikes less than 6 in. long ... (1) major.

Leaves 8-12 in. long; spikes reaching 1 ft.long ... (2) dregeana.

Capsules few-seeded :

Anticous sepals connate for nearly their entire length ;

capsules 2-seeded_... Ae he = ... (3) lanceolata.

Sepals all free :

Corolla-tube glabrous ; capsules 2-seeded :

Leaves linear, sessile ; rootstock not woolly :

Spikes 1} in. long, cylindric... ast ... (4) cafra.

Spikes 2-8 lin. long, subglobose or ovoi ... (5) capillaris.

Leaves elliptic or lanceolate, with long petioles ;

rootstock woolly :

Flowers closely arranged along the rhachis of

the spike except near its very base ; leaves

elliptic-oblong “at ey oa eet

Flowers in distant fascicles along the rhachis of

the spike ; leaves lanceolate és ... (7) remota.

Corolla-tube hairy ; capsules 2-4-seeded_... ... (8) earnosa.

(6) lengissime.

1. P. major (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 112) ; a perennial stemless herb

with an erect stout rootstock ; leaves radical, 1-4 in. long, of

variable width, ovate or ovate-oblong, acute or subacute, entire or

toothed, nearly glabrous, 3-7- (commonly 5-) nerved, tapering into

the petiole ; petioles usually longer than blades, channelled, sheathing

at the base; flowers scattered or crowded, in rather lax spikes 2-4

in. or more long ; bracts 3-1 lin. long, broadly ovate-oblong, obtuse,

glabrous, with scabrous margins ; sepals | lin. long, broadly oblong

or rotund-ovate, obtuse, obtusely keeled on the back and with

scarious margins ; corolla-tube ,%; lin. long ; lobes lin. long, ovate-

lanceolate, acute, reflexed ; anthers 2 lin. long; style } lin. long;

capsules ellipsoid, 1} lin. long, the top coming off circumscissilely as

a conical lid tipped with the remains of the style; seeds 4-8 in

each cell, 2 lin. long, angular dull black. Decne in DC. Prodr. xm.

Plantayo. | PLANTAGINEZ (Cooke). 389

i. 694; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 705; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Afr. v. 503 ; Barn. Monogr. Plantag. 10.

Souta Arrica : without locality, Mund !

Coast Recion: Bathurst Div. ; damp hollows near the sea coast at Port

Alfred, 50 ft., Galpin, 2945!

Centra Recion: Graaff Reinet Div. ; Voor Sneeuw Berg, Burchell, 2856 !

Cosmopolitan.

2. P. dregeana (Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 105); leaves 8-12 in. long,

4-7 in. broad, ovate-oblong with sinuate margins, thin, glabrous,

7-nerved, attenuated into a channelled petiole often much longer

than the blade ; spikes reaching 1 ft. long on long terete peduncles ;

bracts as long as the calyx, oblong, obtuse, with membranous

margins; sepals 1} lin. long, broadly ovate or suborbicular, quite

glabrous, with membranous margins ; corolla-tube } lin. long ; lobes

as long as the tube, deltoid-oblong, subacute, membranous ; filaments

11 lin. long, filiform ; anthers ? lin. long, apiculate; style 2 lin.

long ; capsules 1} lin. long, subglobose, circumscissilely dehiscing

about the middle ; seeds numerous, 3 lin. long, obscurely angular,

rugulose, dark brown. Decne in DO. Prodr. xiii. i. 695.

Coast Region: Albany Div., Bowker !

we Recion: Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft., Bolus, —

KataHari Recion: Transvaal ; Aapies Poort, near Pretoria, Rehmann, 4023 !

Eastern Reaion: Natal ; Botanic Gardens, Wood, 3848 !

3. P. lanceolata (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 113); perennial, stemless ;

rootstock tapering ; leaves 1-12 in. long, $—14 in. broad, lanceolate

or oblong-lanceolate, acute, entire or toothed, gradually narrowed

to a sessile base or to a short petiole, 3—5- (rarely 7-) nerved ; axils

woolly ; peduncles longer than the leaves, grooved, angular, erect

or ascending, puberulous or glabrous; spikes $—Z in. long, ovoid,

globose or cylindric ; bracts ovate, acuminate, as long as the calyx,

glabrous ; sepals oblong, obtuse, 14 lin. long, hairy on the nerves at

the back near the top, 2 of them connate almost throughout their

length, giving rise to a 3-lobed calyx with 1 of the sepals obovate,

2-fid at the apex and 2-nerved ; corolla-tube 1 lin. long ; lobes 1 lin.

long, broadly ovate, acuminate, usually with a tubercular thickening

at the base of each lobe; filaments 1} lin. long; anthers 1} lin.

long ; style 2 lin. long; capsules 2-seeded. Decne in DC. Prodr.

xiii. i. 714; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 206 ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.

iv. 706 ; Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. v. 503.

Coast Region: Cathcart Div. ; Glencairn, 4800 ft., Galpin, 2406! East

London Div. ; West Bank, near East London, 50 ft., Galpin, 7350!

Eastern Reaion : Natal ; Mooi River, Wood, 4057!

Cosmopolitan,

4. P. cafra (Decne in DC. Prodr. xiii. i. 719); annual ; leaves

6-8 in. long, 1-2 lin. broad, linear, entire or distantly toothed with

390 PLANTAGINE (Cooke). | Plantago.

subulate teeth, obscurely 3-nerved, sessile, clothed on both sides

with lax slender spreading hairs; peduncles terete, 54 in. long

in the only specimen at Kew, clothed with lax spreading

hairs; spikes cylindric, 1} in. long; rhachis with long slender

hairs; bracts boat-shaped, rostrate, with broad scarious margins,

the lower bracts reaching 2 lin. long, the upper rather shorter ;

sepals 1-1} lin. long, suborbicular, quite glabrous ; corolla-lobes

scarcely 4 lin. long, ovate, acute ; style 1 lin. long ; capsules

13 lin. long, ovoid, glabrous, coming off circumscissilely from near

the base ; seeds 1} lin. long, ellipsoid, with rounded back and a flat

channelled face, black, smooth. P. Loeflingii, Thunb. Prodr. 30,

and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 148 (not of Linn.). P. Bellardi, Drége,

Zwei Pf. Documente, 103.

Coast ReGion : Malmesbury Div. ; Riebeeks Castle, under 1000 ft., Drége!

5. P. capillaris (E. Meyer ex Decne in DC. Prodr. xiii. i. 719); a

small plant 1 to 6 in. high ; leaves narrowly linear or subulate, as long

as or often longer than the peduncles, sessile, usually dilated at the

base, entire or remotely toothed, or distantly and pinnatifidly lobed

with short subulate lobes, clothed with long laxly spreading hairs ;

peduncles terete, slender, suberect, usually shorter than the leaves,

laxly and softly pilose with spreading hairs ; spikes dense, sub-

globose or ovoid oblong, 2-8 lin. long ; rhachis densely clothed with

long slender hairs ; bracts boat-shaped, rostrate, ovate, acute, with

broad scarious margins, 13 lin. long, hairy on the back ; sepals 1-1}

lin. long, suborbicular, quite glabrous; corolla-lobes 4 lin. long,

suborbicular, quite glabrous ; corolla-lobes 4 lin. long, ovate-oblong,

subacute, glabrous ; style 1 lin. long; capsules a little longer than

the sepals, ovoid, rounded at the apex, coming off circumscissilely

near the base ; seeds oblong-ellipsoid, } lin. long, rounded on the

back, flattened on the face, black.

Coast Reoton: Van Rhynsdorp Div.; Olivants River, Drege! Clanwilliam

Div.; Vogelfontein, Schlechter, 8524! Tulbagh Div. ; near Tulbagh, under

1000 ft., Drége! Worcester Div. ; Hex River Valley, Wolley-Dod, 4040!

WestERN REGION: Little Namaqualand; Klipfontein, 3000 ft., Bolus, 684 !

6. P. longissima (Decne in DC. Prodr. xiii. i. 720); rootstock

woolly ; leaves 2-6 in. long, 1-3 in. broad, oblong or elliptic-oblong,

glabrous, 5—9-nerved, coriaceous ; petioles long, exceeding the blades ;

peduncles longer than the leaves, terete or striate ; spikes 6-15 in.

long, lax-flowered below; bracts 1 lin. long, ovate, acute, with

membranous margins; sepals 14 lin. long, broadly ovate, acute,

apiculate, with broad membranous margins and a strong keel ;

corolla-tube 1 lin. long; lobes } lin. long, ovate, subobtuse ; fila-

ments 1 lin. long, filiform; anthers } lin. long; style hairy,

variable in length, very long and conspicuous nearly } in.

long, or only 1 lin. long; capsules 1} lin. long, subglobose, _

quite glabrous, 2-seeded ; seeds 1 lin. long, elliptic-oblong, with a

Plantago.| PLANTAGINEZ (Cooke), 391

rounded back and a flat face, black. P. Burchellii, Decne in DC.

Prodr. xiii. i. 720. P. capensis, var. B, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei

Pfl. Documente, 211; var. longissima, Barn. Monogr. Plantag. 35.

Soutn Arrica : without locality, Zeyher, 1432!

Kauawart Recron: Transvaal; Pinedene, near Irene, Burtt-Davy, 2326!

Lydenburg, Wilms, 1247! Mooi River, Burke! Megalies River, near Pretoria,

Burke! Lynwood, near Pretoria, Burtt-Davy, 7465 !

Eastern Recion: Tembuland; Bazeia, 2500 ft., Baur, 353! Pondoland ;

between Umtata River and St. Johns River, Drége! Natal; Inanda, Wood,

1078! 1078a! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 1481!

I have included P. Burchellii, Decne, under this, as I cannot find any characters

to separate it. It was founded on the specimens collected. by Burke (not Burchell),

quoted above. Decaisne misread the name Burke.

7. P. remota (Lam. Illustr. i. 341); rootstock woolly ; leaves

3-6 in. long, 3-1} in. broad, linear-lanceolate, obtuse, entire or

remotely denticulate with short callous teeth, coriaceous, attenuated

into a long petiole, densely woolly at the very base ; peduncles

longer than the’ leaves, striate; spikes 9-12 in. long; rhachis

glabrous ; flowers yellow, remote, solitary or 2-3 together ; bracts

1-1} lin. long, broadly ovate, obtusely acuminate, fimbriate at the

tip and with membranous irregularly toothed margins ; sepals 1}

lin. long, broadly ovate, acute, with membranous toothed or ciliate

margins ; keel stout; corolla-tube 1} lin. long; lobes } lin. long,

broadly oblong, irregularly toothed, reflexed ; filaments 1} lin. long ;

anthers 11 lin. long, oblong, with an acute triangular tip, yellow ;

style 13 lin. long; capsules 2-seeded. Decne in DC. Prodr. xiii. i.

721. P. capensis, Thunb. Prodr. 29; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult, 148 ;

Barn. Monogr. Plantag. 35.

Coast Reaion : Cape Div. ; Orange Kloof, Wolley-Dod, 2403 ! Devils Mountain,

above Rondebosch, 550 ft., Bolus, 7025!

Eastern REGION; Natal; in damp ground by the Mooi River, Wood, 4049 !

8. P. carnosa (Lam. Illustr. i. 341); a plant of variable size from

3 in. to more than 1 ft. high; rootstock woody, descending ; leaves

variable, numerous, reaching 5 in. long, 3-5 lin. broad, linear,

obtuse, acute or acuminate, entire or remotely dentate, fleshy or

coriaceous, rugose, usually coarsely hairy, but sometimes glabrous,

sessile ; peduncles erect, adpressedly hairy, conspicuously terete,

reaching in well-grown plants 6 in. or more long ; spikes 1-3 in.

long, cylindric, dense ; bracts 1 lin. long, broadly ovate, acuminate,

with ciliate membranous margins and a thick keel; sepals 1} lin.

long, ovate or elliptic, obtuse, with ciliate membranous margins and

a strong keel, hairy on the back ; corolla-tube 3—1 lin. long, hairy

outside ; lobes }—} lin. long, ovate, acute, deflexed ; filaments 1 lin.

long, filiform ; anthers | lin. long (including a long apiculus) ; style

1 lin. long ; capsules 1} lin. long, ovoid-oblong, obtuse, beaked by

the remains of the style, circumscissilely dehiscing below the middle,

392 PLANTAGINE (Cooke), [ Plantago.

2-3- (rarely 4-) seeded, 1 of the seeds when 3 usually infertile ; seeds

reaching 1 lin. long, ellipsoid-oblong, obtuse at both ends, rounded

on the back, with flattened face, reddish brown. Barn. Monogr.

Plantag. 22; Decne in DC. Prodr. xiii. i. 729. P. hirsuta, Thunb.

Fl. Cap. ed. i. 541 ; Barn. Monogr. Plantag. 21.

Coast Recron: Cape Div. ; various localities near Cape Town, Milne, 163!

Burchell, 8386! Drége! Wallich! Bolus, 3066! 4766! Wolley-Dod, 2376!

Stellenbosch Div. ; near Somerset West, Bolus, 2971! Caledon Div. ; Zoetemelks

Valley, Burchell, 7569! Bredasdorp Div. ; Zeekoe Vley, 100 ft., Schlechter, 10551 !

Humansdorp Div.; Kromme River Heights, Bolus, 2394! Uitenhage Div. ;

Zwartkops River, Drege! Witte Klip, MacOwan, 1940! and without precise

locality, Zeyher! Port Elizabeth Div.; Cape Recife, Burchell, 4391! East

London Div.; seashore on rocks near Bats Cave, Galpin, 2809! near seashore

West Bank, East London, 50 ft., Galpin, 5847! Rattray, 229!

Eastern Recion : Tembuland ; Umtata, 2000 ft., Bawr, 450!

OrpDerR CVI]. NYCTAGINEZ:.

(By Dr. T. Cooker.)

Flowers hermaphrodite (rarely unisexual), regular, sometimes

dimorphous ; inflorescence various ; bracts often involucrate, free or

connate. Perianth monophyllous, small, herbaceous or petaloid,

persistent, often accrescent ; tube short or long, sometimes circum-

scissile above the base; limb 3-5-toothed or lobed, persistent or

deciduous. Stamens 1-30, hypogynous ; filaments small, usually

unequal, free or connate into a cup at the base, involute in bud;

anthers 2-celled, dorsifixed, included or exserted, dehiscing longi-

tudinally. Ovary 1-celled ; ovule solitary, erect, campylotropous ;

style filiform, involute in bud ; stigma small, simple or multifid.

Fruit (anthocarp) membranous, indehiscent, enclosed in the persis-

tent base of the perianth-tube, costate, sulcate or winged, sometimes

glandular. Seed erect ; testa adherent ; albumen soft or floury ;

embryo straight or curved ; radicle inferior.

Herbs, shrubs or trees; leaves usually opposite, entire ; stipules 0 ; flowers in

terminal or axillary cymes, panicles or corymbs ; bracts often forming a brightly

coloured involucre.

Distrip. Species about 150, chiefly American, a few in India, the Mascarene

Islands and Pacific Islands.

I. Mirabilis—A herb. Leaves opposite. Flowers hermaphrodite. Bracts

, connate,

Il, Boerhaavia.—Herbs. Leaves opposite. Flowers hermaphrodite. Bracts

small, free,

III, Pisonia.—Shrubs. Leaves alternate or opposite. Flowers polygamo-

dicecious. Practs small, free.

IV. Phwoptilam—A spiny shrub. Leaves fascicled. Flowers polygamo-

dicecious. Bracts small, free,

Mirabilis. | NYCTAGINE# (Cooke). 393

I, MIRABILIS, Linn.

Involucre calyx-like, 1- to many-flowered, gamophyllous, 5-lobed ;

lobes acuminate. Perianth coloured ; tube long, constricted above

the ovary ; limb spreading, 5-lobed, plicate, deciduous. Stamens

5—6, unequal, exserted ; filaments filiform, incurved, united into a

fleshy cup at the base ; anther-cells subglobose. Ovary ellipsoid or

ovoid ; ovule solitary, erect ; style filiform, exserted ; stigma globose,

bearing stalked papille. Fruit ribbed, enclosed in the hardened

base of the perianth and surrounded by the persistent staminal cup.

Seed filling the pericarp to which the testa adheres ; embryo curved ;

cotyledons surrounding the scanty farinaceous albumen.

Di- or tri-chotomously branched glabrous or glandular perennial herbs ; root

thickened, tuberous; leaves opposite, the lower petiolate, the upper sessile ;

involucres cymosely arranged ; flowers large, fragrant or not, white, red, yellow

or variegated. :

Distris. Species about 10 in the hotter parts of America, introduced

elsewhere.

1. M. Jalapa (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 177); an erect perennial much-

branched herb reaching 2 ft. or more high; root tuberous ; stem

glabrous or shortly pubescent ; leaves up to 3 in. long, 1} in. broad,

ovate, acuminate, glabrous or pulverulent above, entire, often with

ciliate margins, base rounded, truncate or cordate ; petioles slender,

3-12 lin. long; flowers inodorous, 3-6 in each cyme ; involucre

nearly 4 in. long, glandular when young; lobes ovate, shortly

bristle-tipped ; perianth purple, red, yellow or white, sometimes

more or less blotched; tube 14 in. long, cylindric below, funnel-

shaped at the top ; limb spreading, | in. or more in diam. ; stamens

exserted ; fruit ovoid, black, 4-5 lin. long, wrinkled-tuberculate,

5-ribbed. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 234; Bot. Mag. t. 371 ; Choisy in

DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 427; Baker & Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr.

vi. i. 2. M. dichotoma, Linn. Syst. ed. 10, ii. 931, and Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 252.

Eastern Rearon: Natal; near Durban, Grant !

Also in Tropical Africa. Known as ‘‘ The Marvel of Peru,” of which country

it is a native ; established now in many parts of the Old World,

II. BORRHAAVIA, Vaill.

Bracis small, often deciduous, rarely whorled and involucrate.

Perianth-tube long or short, cylindric, narrowed above the ovary,

the lower part persistent and becoming hardened to enclose the

fruit, the upper part petaloid and deciduous; limb funnel-shaped

with 5-lobed margin, the lobes plicate. Stamens 1~5, more or less

exserted ; filaments capillary, unequal, connate below. Ovary

oblique, stipitate; ovule erect; style filiform; stigma peltate.

394 - NYCTAGINEE (Cooke). [ Boerhaavia.

Fruit enclosed in the ovoid, turbinate or clavate, obtuse or truncate

perianth-tube, round, 5-ribbed or 5-angled, often viscidly glandular.

Seed filling the pericarp, with testa adhering to it ; embryo hooked ;

cotyledons thin, broad, enclosing a soft scanty albumen; radicle

long.

Erect or diffuse, often divaricately branched herbs ; leaves opposite, often in

unequal pairs; flowers small, paniculate, umbellate or subcapitate, articulated

with the pedicel.

DistriB. Species about 20, throughout the tropics and warm temperate

regions.

Perianth scarcely 2 lin. long :

Stems with horizontally spreading hairs ; branches of

panicles fascicled, 2 together, with a large ciliate

bract at their origin ... ey ie oe: :

Hairs of stems not horizontally spreading ; branches

of panicle not fascicled nor furnished with large

(1) bracteata.

Fruit clavate-oblong, not much tapered towards the

base ; bracteoles acute .., $03 wei -.- (2) repens,

var, di

Fruit turbinate, much tapered towards the base ;

bracteoles obtuse ... ee as e (3) adscendens.

Perianth 6 lin. or more long ees Sts t t. isentd) pentakdah

1. B. bracteata (T. Cooke in Kew Bulletin, 1909, 421); shrubby,

erect ; stem terete, densely villous with horizontally spreading hairs,

woody below ; leaves petiolate, 1} in. long, ¢ in. broad, to 2} in.

long and 23 in. broad, broadly ovate, obtuse, more or less hairy on

the nerves and with ciliate margins, rounded or subcordate at the

base ; lower petioles long (about 4 as long as the blade), villous;

flowers in lax leafy panicles, branches fascicled, two together with a

large hairy and ciliate bract 3-6 lin. long at their origin, 1 branch

bearing 2 or 3 sessile flowers at its apex, the other again similarly

divided ; bracteoles 1 lin, long, ovate-lanceolate, subacute, mem-

branous, with a dark conspicuous midrib ; perianth in bud reaching

1} lin. long, the ovarian portion 4 lin. long in bud, subglobose,

elongating afterwards ; stamens 3 ; fruit 14 lin. long, oblong, ribbed,

glandular.

KaLaHarI REGION: Transvaal ; Avoca near Barberton, 1900 ft., Galpin, 1240!

Bechuanaland ; on the rocks at Chue Vley, Burchell, 2381!

EasTERN REaIon: Natal ; Tugela, Gerrard, 1787 bis!

There is 1 small specimen of this plant in Harvey’s Herbarium, Trinity College,

Dublin, from Damara land, Tropical Africa, without collector’s name.

2. B. repens, var. diffusa (Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 709); a

variable diffuse herb; root large, fusiform ; stems usually several,

prostrate or ascending, reaching 2-3 ft. long, divaricately branched,

slender, cylindric, thickened at the nodes, minutely pubescent or

nearly glabrous ; leaves in unequal pairs at each node, the larger

Boerhaavia. | NYCTAGINEA (Cooke). 395

1-1}, the smaller 3-3 in. long, broadly ovate or suborbicular,

rounded at the apex, green and glabrous above, green or white

beneath, the margins entire, often pink, more or less undulate, base

rounded or subcordate ; petioles nearly as long as the blade, slender ;

flowers small, shortly stalked or nearly sessile, 4-10 together in

small umbels arranged in slender long-stalked corymbose axillary

panicles; bracteoles small, lanceolate, acute; perianth 1-1} lin.

long, the ovarian portion of the tube ? lin. long, contracted above

the ovary, 5-ribbed, glandular; limb funnel-shaped, dark pink ;

lobes very short, rounded ; stamens 1-3, slightly exserted ; stigma

peltate ; fruit 14 lin. long. clavate-oblong rounded, broadly and

bluntly 5-ribbed, glandular. Baker & Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Afr. vi. i. 5. B. diffusa, Linn. Fl. Zeyl. 4, and Sp. Pl. ed. i. 3 ;

Choisy in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 452. B. procumbens, Roxb. Fl. Ind

ed. Carey i. 148. Talu-Dama, Rheede, Hort, Malab. vii. 105, t. 56.

KacLanart Rearon: Transvaal; Shiluvane, Junod, 1061! Rooiplaat, Pienaars

River, Miss Leendertz, 774! near Pienaars River Mountains, Schlechter, 4221!

Eastern Recion: Delagoa Bay, Schlechter, 11582! between Delagoa Bay and

Pretoria, Bolus, 9749!

Also in Tropical Africa, Tropical and Subtropical Asia and America.

I have in the ‘‘ Flora of the Presidency of Bombay” adopted B. diffusa as the

type, in consequence of its priority ; it having been described by Linneus in 1747

(Fl. Zeyl. 4), the species repens having been described in 1753 (Sp, PI. ed, i. 3),

but as Sir J. Hooker has adopted B. repens as the type, I follow his lead.

Heimerl (Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iii, 18, 26) is apparently also of opinion

that the type species should be diffusa, and he places under it no less than

8 forms, many of which are elsewhere regarded as distinct species.

The canescence of the lower surface of the leaves, which is very marked in

some, though absent in other specimens, appears to be due to the fact that a

very loose and when wetted easily detachable epidermis exists on the lower

surface, with a number of raphides in the lower mesophyll. The epidermis

becomes more or less detached, and in dry places wrinkled, the corrugations

enclosing small portions of air. The raphides are white and in bundles, resembling

short stiff white hairs.

Eastern Recion: Natal; The Bluff, near Durban, 20-400 ft., Wood, 6400!

7199!

Considered by Heimer] (Engl. & Prantl, Phlanzenfam. iii. 1p, 26) to be a form

of B. repens, var. diffusa ; indeed the only difference would seem to be in the fruit

which in B, ascendens is more tapered than in the other plant.

Also in Tropical Africa.

396 NYCTAGINE# (Cooke). [ Boerhaavia.

4. B. pentandra (Burch. Trav. S. Afr. i. 432); a procumbent

plant ; stems long, herbaceous, terete, glabrous or pubescent, often

trailing amongst grass and giving off suberect branches from the

axils ; leaves shortly petiolate, ?—2 in. long, }-1} in. broad, broadly

ovate or suborbicular, obtuse or (rarely) subacute, finely serrate,

often shortly apiculate, base truncate or shallowly cordate ;

peduncles much longer than the leaves, axillary and terminal, stout ;

flowers in distant whorls (rarely reduced to 1 whorl) usually about

6 flowers in each whorl, forming a long panicle above the leaves ;

pedicels 2—5 lin. long, persistent after the flowers fall; bracteoles

linear-subulate, reaching 2 lin. long or more ; deciduous portion of

the perianth above the ovary reaching 5 lin. long, funnel-shaped,

nearly 4 lin. across at the mouth ; persistent portion of the perianth

} in, long or more, not distinctly pentagonal, with a row of globose

glands at the top and often on the sides of the tube; stamens 3,

Sout Arrica : without locality, Zeyher, 1433 !

Coast Reaion: Queenstown Div. ; near Queenstown, 3700 ft., Galpin, 1801!

CENTRAL Reaion : Hopetown Div. ; banks of the Orange River near Hopetown,

Bolus, 1826 !

Katanarr Recion: Bechuanaland ; Kosifontein, Burchell, 2556 ! 2571! 2597!

Batlapin Territory, Holub! Griqualand West; along the Vaal River, Burchell,

1765! MacOwan, 1215! west of the Vaal River, Shaw! between Kimberley and

the Vaal River, Schenck, 808 ! Griquatown, Burchell, 1897! 1954! Orange River

Colony, various localities,~ Hutton! Mrs. Barber, 761! Sanderson! Burke !

Transvaal.; various localities, Baines ! Rogers, 2383! Nelson, 115! Galpin, 1241!

Bolus, Herb. Norm, Austr.-Afr. 1346! Schlechter, 4339! Burtt-Davy, 1821!

EasTERN Reoion : Natal ; between Umcomaas River and Umlazi River, Dréye !

The Bluff, Sanderson, 75! Gueinzius! Mooi River Valley, 2300 ft., Sutherland !

Gerrard, 1488! near Weenen, Wood, 4441! near Clairmont, Haygarth in Herb.

ase 4495! Portuguese East Africa; Ressano Garcia, 1000 ft., Schlechter,

Mrs. Barber remarks concerning this plant in a letter to Dr. Harvey, dated

March 16th, 1865, which is preserved in Harvey’s Herbarium, Trinity College,

Dublin, that the plant is much “ valued for its nutritious properties as an herbage

plaut, and is called Veld Batatas, from its resemblance to that plant ; when it is

plentiful, stock of all kinds fatten rapidly and thrive well ; these plants are large

and prostrate, and very much branched and jointed, throwing out at every joint

an almost upright little stem with an umbel of crimson flowers.”

Also in Tropical Africa.

III, PHAOPTILUM, Radlk.

Perianth funnel-shaped, divided to the middle into 4 (rarely 5)

ovate spreading petaloid lobes. Stamens 8, shortly exserted ;

filaments united at the base into a short fleshy cup ; anthers versa-

tile, oblong. Ovary stipitate, the stipes free from the perianth ;

Pheoptilum. | NYCTAGINE (Cooke). 397

ovule solitary, inserted near the base of the cell; style filiform,

exserted ; stigma penicillate. Fruit enclosed in the indurated

longitudinally 4-winged perianth-tube. Seed erect, albuminous ;

embryo hooked.

Spinous shrubs with grey or yellowish bark ; leaves short, narrow, linear,

coriaceous ; flowers polygamo-dicecious, not involucrate, in axillary fascicles, with

short pedicels.

Distrts. Species 2, in Tropical and South Africa,

1. P. spinosum (Radlk. in Abhandl. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, viii.

436); a small shrub with woody stem furnished with numerous

sharp spines reaching } in. long ; branches many, running out into

spines ; leaves 4—5 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, linear-cuneate, obtuse,

thick, in fascicles along the branches ; perianth-tube 4 lin. long,

about 5 lin. in diam. at the mouth; lobes 2 lin. long, suborbicu-

lar ; staminal tube 4 lin. long; filaments about 5 in. long; fruit a

4—5-winged anthocarp 8 lin. long, 6 lin. broad, enclosed in the per-

sistent perianth-tube. Baker & Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi.

i 9. P. Heimerli, Engl. Jahrb. xix. 133. Amphoranthus spinosus,

S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1902, 305, t. 441, fig. A (in p. 408 of the same

publication Moore withdraws the genus in favour of Radlkofer’s).

Sout AFRICA: without locality, Shaw!

CenTRAL Recion: Calvinia Div. ; near Hantam, Meyer.

Also in Tropical Africa.

IV. PISONIA, Linn.

Male inflorescence in paniculate cymes. Perianth campanulate ;

limb 5-lobed or 5-toothed ; segments induplicate-valvate, erect or

spreading. Stamens 5-10, exserted ; filaments connate below into a

tube or ring ; anthers oblong or didymous. Female inflorescence in

paniculate cymes. Perianth tubular, usually enlarged at the base.

Ovary elongate, ovoid, sessile ; ovule solitary ; style slender, included

or exserted ; stigma capitellate, peltate or lacerate. Fruit enclosed

in the coriaceous or hardened oblong, linear or clavate perianth-

base, cylindric, compressed or 5-angled, with 5 viscid ribs or with

5 single or double rows of viscid stipitate glands ; utricle elongate,

membranous. Seed with a hyaline testa adnate to the pericarp ;

embryo straight ; albumen scanty, soft ; radicle inferior.

Trees or shrubs unarmed or with axillary spines ; leaves opposite or alternate,

sessile or petiolate, entire ; flowers small, dicecious (rarely moncecious or herma-

phrodite), in paniculate, subsessile or pedunculate cymes; bracteoles 2-3, not

involucrate.

Disrrrs. Species about 30, cosmopolitan in the tropics, chiefly American, 4 in

Mauritius.

1. P. aculeata (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 1026); a large scandent shrub

with many curved often nearly opposite stout spines ; trunk reaching

398 NYCTAGINEZ (Cooke). — [ Pisonia.

6 in. in diam.; branches numerous, subopposite, terete, finely

pubescent or nearly glabrous; leaves 1-3 in. long, $}-14 in. broad,,

elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, obtuse, entire, glabrous or nearly so,

base tapering ; petioles }-} in. long ; flowers in small dense cymose-

pubescent clusters forming pedunculate axillary panicles ; bracts

and bracteoles scarcely ? lin. long, ovate-oblong, obtuse, pubescent ;

pedicels short, pubescent, fruiting much elongate ; perianth of male

tlowers campanulate, 1} lin. long, pubescent outside, with 5 deep

triangular acute teeth ; stamens 6-10, much exserted ; perianth of

female flowers tubular, 1} lin. long, shortly 5-toothed ; style rather

stout ; stigma lacerate ; fruit 4—} in. long, oblong or clavate, with

long pedicels, 5-ribbed, pubescent between the ribs, each rib

muricate with 1 or 2 rows of stalked viscous glands. Lam. Ill.

Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 711. Benth. Fl. Austral. iv. 279; Baker

& Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 8.

Eastern Recion : Natal; Tugela, Gerrard, 1597 !

Also in Tropical Africa.

Orver CVII. ILLECEBRACE,

(By Dr. T. Cooke.)

Perianth herbaceous or coriaceous, persistent and often indurated

after flowering, 4—5-lobed or 4—5-partite. Petals 0. Stamens as

many as the perianth-lobes and opposite to them (rarely fewer or

more), perigynous, often alternating with subulate or petaloid

staminodes ; filaments short, sometimes connate at the base ; anthers

2-celled, dehiscing laterally. Ovary free, 1-celled ; ovule solitary

(rarely ovules 2-4), erect or pendulous from a basal funicle ; style

obsolete or produced ; stigmas 2-3. Fruit usually a utricle enclosed

in the persistent perianth. Seed globose, lenticular or reniform ;

testa usually smooth ; albumen floury ; embryo straight, curved or

annular ; cotyledons oblong ; radicle inferior.

Annual or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs; leaves usually opposite; stipules

scarious, rarely absent ; flowers minute, commonly green, usually hermaphrodite,

cymose, often with scarious bracts.

Distris. Species about 110, chiefly in Europe, the Orient, Africa, North and

South America, a few in India, Australia and New Zealand.

[Genera I.-III. were included by Harvey and Sonder (Fl. Cap. i. 132-3) in

Caryophyllacex, to which order they were at that time referred.]

I. Pollichia.—An undershrub. Stipules 0. Stigmas 2. Ovules 2. Embryo

straight or slightly curved.

IL. sisasuagminot 4 prostrate herb. Stipules small, scarious. Stigmas2. Embryo

annular.

Ill. Corrigiola.—Annual or perennial herbs, Stipules scarious. §tigmas 3.

Embryo annular,

IV. Scleranthus.—Annual or perennial herbs. Stipules 0. Stigmas 2. Embryo

annular,

Pollichia.| ILLECEBRACE (Cooke). 399

I. POLLICHIA, Soland.

Perianth herbaceous, urceolate, the mouth of the tube closed by

a thickened lobed disc ; lobes ovate, short, obtuse, erect or spreading.

Stamens 1-2, inserted on the disc; filaments very short ; anthers

oblong. Ovary ovoid, attenuated into a short filiform style ; ovules —

2, basal, semi-anatropous, with short funicles ; stigmas 2, minute.

Utricle globose or ovoid-oblong, membranous, 1—2-seeded. Seeds

oblong or ovoid ; testa hyaline ; embryo dorsal, straight or slightly

curved.

A dichotomously branched undershrub with round stiff branches and weak

hairs; leaves opposite or in false whorls, sessile, lanceolate, acuminate, quite

entire, flat; stipules scarious, free ; flowers minute, in sessile axillary crowded

cymes surrounded by white scarious bracts, each flower subtended by a bracteole

which is at first scarious, then enlarging and becoming thick and fleshy, oblong,

rounded, the bracteoles conniving so as to present the appearance of a succulent

berry open at the top.

DistriB. Species 1 in Tropical and South Africa.

1. P. campestris (Soland. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 5); a much-

branched straggling undershrub ; stem and branches terete, pubes-

cent, or nearly glabrous; leaves 4-8 lin. long, 3-2 lin. broad,

lanceolate, acuminate, arranged in often subsecund pseudo-whorls

along the stem and branches, pubescent or glabrous ; stipules

scarious, lanceolate, cuspidate ; perianth scarcely 1 lin. long ; lobes

} lin. long, ovate, subacute ; bracteoles at first scarious, then

enlarging and becoming thick and fleshy, each bracteole subtending

a flower, oblong, obtuse, all the bracteoles of the head conniving

and presenting the appearance of a succulent berry open at the top.

Smith, Spicil. 1, t. 1; DC. Prodr. iii. 377 ; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss.

i. 304; Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. i. 133; Baker & Wright in Dyer,

Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 10. Neckeria campestris, Gmelin, Syst. Veg. i. 16.

Var. B, marlothiana (Engl. Jahrb. x. 13); leaves wider and more densely

ashy-pilose.

Coast Reaion: Uitenhage Div.; by the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 1807! near

Strandfontein (Sandfontein ?) and Matjesfontein, Drége! Port Elizabeth Div. ;

near Port Elizabeth, Burchell, 4365! Albany Div.; Howisons Poort, near

Grahamstown, Cooper, 6! 2490! Fish River, Burke! Queenstown Div. ; around

Queenstown, 3800 ft., Galpin, 1789 !

CentraL Recron: Albert Div., Cooper, 594!

KataHart REGION: Basutoland; Cooper, 2488 bis! Transvaal ; Vlakfontein,

near Amersfoort, Burtt-Davy, 4017! near Waterval Boven, Burtt-Davy, 1416!

Lydenburg, Wilms, 507 ! near Potchefstroom, Bolus, 3110! Hooge Veld, Rehmann,

6675! Boschveld, Rehmann, 5283! Var. B: Bechuanaland; Kuruman, 3920 ft.,

Marloth, 1115.

Eastern REGIon: Griqualand East ; near Clydesdale, 2500 ft., Tyson, 3125!

Ibisi River, Wood, 3001! Natal; Inanda, Wood, 517! and without precise

locality, Sanderson ! Gueinzius ! Cooper, 2489! Krauss, 2!

Il. HERNIARIA, Linn.

Perianth herbaceous, deeply 4-5-fid; tube short, turbinate ;

segments equal or unequal, obtuse, muticous. Stamens 3-5, peri-

gynous, equal or unequal ; filaments setaceous; anthers short ;

400 ILLECEBRACEZ (Cooke). [ Hermiaria.

staminodes 4-6, setaceous, minute or 0. Ovary ovoid; ovule

solitary, basal, erect, with a short funicle ; style very short ;

stigmas 2. Uftricle included in the perianth, ovoid, membranous.

Seed erect, lenticular, with a basal funicle ; testa shining ; embryo

annular, surrounding farinaceous albumen ; cotyledons linear ;

radicle elongate, descending. Herbs annual or with a perennial

base, prostrate, much-branched, glabrous or hirsute ; leaves opposite,

alternate or fascicled, small, subsessile, quite entire ; stipules small,

scarious, entire or ciliate; flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual,

minute, green, crowded in the axils, subsessile or pedicellate ; bracts

and bracteoles small.

Distris. Species 8-10 in central and southern Europe, N.W. India, North and

South Africa.

1. H. hirsuta (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 218) ; a prostrate much-branched

herb ; branches and branchlets slender, terete, glabrous or pubes-

cent; leaves numerous, 2-3 lin. long, }-14 lin. broad, elliptic,

tapering at both ends, sessile or nearly so, hirsute and with entire

ciliate margins; stipules scarious, ovate-lanceolate, acute ; flowers

in axillary, usually few-flowered clusters; perianth 1 lin. long,

campanulate, green, hairy, divided more than }-way down ; lobes 5,

ovate-oblong, obtuse, strongly ciliate ; style short ; stigmas 2 ; seed

lenticular, smooth, shining, dark brown. DC. Prodr. iii. S67;

A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. i. 302; Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. i. 132;

Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 712; Baker & Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Afr. vi. i. 12. H. lenticulata, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 245 (not

of Linn.). H. incana, var. capensis, Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 292. H.

capensis, Steud. Nomencl. ed. i. 401; Baril. in Linnea, vii. 624.

H. virescens, Saltzm. ea DC. Prodr. iii. 367.

SoutH Arrica : without locality, Zeyher, 611.

Coast Recon : Cape Div. ; Simons Bay, Wright! Fish Hoek Station, Wolley-

Dod, 3593! Bredasdorp Div. ; between Cape Agulhas and Pot Berg, Drege!

Cenrrat Recron: Aliwal North Div. ; south bank of the Orange River, Burke !

bron Reinet Div. ; Bowker, 12! Somerset Div. ; Bosch Berg, 2300 ft., MacOwan,

Katanart Recon: Orange River Colony; Thaba Uncha, Burke! Transvaal ;

Jeppestown Ridges, near Johannesburg, 6000 ft., Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6170 ;

Griqualand West ; in sandy places, Bowker, 10!

Also in Europe, North Africa, the Orient, India and Tropical Africa.

III. CORRIGIOLA, Linn.

Perianth herbaceous, 5-partite, persistent ; segments oblong,

obtuse, muticous, with membranous margins. Stamens 5, perigy-

nous ; filaments filiform ; anthers oblong; staminodes 5, scale-like,

alternating with the stamens. Ovary ovoid ; ovule solitary, sus-

pended by a basal funicle, amphitropous; style very short ;

stigmas 3. Fruit an indehiscent crustaceous globose- or ovoid-

trigonous nut included in the perianth. Seed globosely ovoid,

pendulous ; testa membranous ; embryo annular, surrounding

copious albumen.

Corrigiola. | ILLECEBRACEZ (Cooke). 401

Annual or perennial herbs, rarely fruticose at the base, glabrous, diffusely

branched ; leaves opposite and alternate, sessile or shortly petiolate, spathulate or

linear, entire, flat, sometimes fleshy or glaucous ; stipules various, scarious ; flowers

minute, pedicellate, minutely bracteate and 2-bracteolate, in axillary and terminal

cymes or clusters.

DistriB. Species 4-6, cosmopolitan.

Annual ; flowers axillary ... on ain ies .» (1) litoralis.

Perennial ; inflorescence leafless... Fes yo ..» (2) telephiifolia.

1. C. litoralis (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 271) ; a small prostrate diffuse

glabrous annual ; stems numerous, 6-12 in. long, spreading on the

ground in every direction, smooth, glabrous; leaves alternate,

4-3 in. long, 1 lin. broad, linear-spathulate or oblanceolate, sub-

acute, tapering much at the base, sessile or shortly petiolate,

glabrous ; stipules ovate-lanceolate, scarious ; flowers in congested

cymes in the axils of the upper leaves ; perianth globose, green,

glabrous, $—? lin. long ; stamens shorter than the perianth ; nutlet

ovoid-trigonous with prominent angles, verrucose, dark brown.

Baker & Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 12. _C. littoralis, DC.

Prodr. iii. 367 ; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. i. 305; Harv. & Sond. Fi.

Cap. i. 132; Sm. Engl. Bot. ed. 3. vii. 177, t. 670; var. capensis,

Fenzl in Drege, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 175. C. capensis, Willd. Sp.

Pl. i. 1507 ; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 272 ; DC. Prodr, iti. 367.

Coast Region: Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; Ebenezer, Drége! Cape Div. ; near

Capetown, Burchell, 431! railway at Retreat Station, Wolley-Dod, 1192! and

without precise locality, Harvey, 521! Mossel Bay Div. ; in a dry channel of an

arm of the Gouritz River, Burchell, 6461! Uitenhage Div. ; Zeyher, 27!

1834! Port Elizabeth Diy. ; around Krakakamma, Burchell, 4558/5.

Katanart REGION: Transvaal ; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6389 !

Eastern Recron: Natal ; Umzinyati Valley, Wood, 1348!

Also in Europe, Tropical Africa and temperate South America.

2. C. telephiifolia (Pourr. in Act. Toul. iii. 316); strongly

resembling C. litoralis, but differing by the following characters :—

rootstock perennial; leaves obovate or oblong, thick ; flowers in

clusters racemosely arranged at the ends of leafless branches ;

rianth and nutlet nearly twice as large. DC. Prodr. iii. 367 ;

Bolus & Wolley-Dod in Trans. S. Afr. Phil. Soe. xiv. iii, 310.

Coast Recton: Cape Div. ; roadsides, near the Jetty, Cape Town, Ecklon &

' Zeyher, 1835 (ex Sonder), beyond Simonstown Cemetery, Wolley-Dod, 2841!

Caledon or Swellendam Div. ; by the River Zondereinde, Zeyher, 2502 partly (ex

Sonder).

Also in South Europe and North Africa.

IV. SCLERANTHUS, Linn,

Perianth herbaceous when young, becoming crustaceous in age,

usually 5-lobed ; tube campanulate. Stamens 1-10 (usually 5),

inserted in the throat of the perianth-tube ; filaments subulate ;

anthers didymous; staminodes 0. Ovary ovoid ; ovule solitary,

pendulous from a basal funicle ; styles 2, distinct, filiform, erect.

VOL. V.—SECT. I. 2D

402 ILLECEBRACE& (Cooke). [Seleranthus.

Utricle membranous, included in the indurated perianth-tube. Seed

lenticular ; testa coriaceous ; embryo annular, surrounding farina-

ceous albumen ; cotyledons linear ; radicle superior.

Low rigid annual or perennial dichotomously branched herbs, glabrous or

puberulous ; leaves opposite, connate at the base, subulate, rigid, pungent ;

stipules 0; flowers small, green, in axillary and terminal sessile or pedunculate

clusters, not bracteate.

DistriB. Species about 10, cosmopolitan in the Old World.

1. §. annuus (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 406); a small annual much-

branched herb, 1—4 in. high ; stems slender, more or less pubescent

or nearly glabrous ; leaves 3—} in. long, narrowly linear, sometimes

fascicled, more or less puberulous; flowers green, in axillary and

terminal clusters ; perianth 14-2 lin. long, divided to a little below

the middle ; tube 10-ribbed ; lobes 5, lanceolate, acute, thick, erect

or nearly so, with narrow membranous branches ; stamens 5, short.

DC. Prodr. iii. 378; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 304 ; Sm. Engl.

Bot. ed. 3, vii. 181, t. 674; Baker & Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr.

vi. i. 13.

Coast Reaion: Tulbagh Diy. ; Mitchell’s Pass, 800 ft., Bolus, 5225! Cape

Div. ; Maitland, Wolley-Dod, 620! Simons Bay, Wright! and without precise

locality, Harvey, 431! Caledon Div. ; by the Bot River, Burchell, 929/? | Albany

Div. ; near Grahamstown, Schlechter, 2636!

Cosaam Rearon: Graaff Reinet Div. ; Sneeuwberg Range, 5000-6000 ft.,

Drége!

Also in Europe, North and Tropical Africa and introduced into North America.

Orper CIX. AMARANTACE A.

(By T. Cooke and C, H. Wricut.)

Flowers 2-(varely 1-) sexual, many of them rudimentary or obsolete,

monochlamydeous, chaffy or scarious. Perianth-segments usually

5 (less commonly 3 or 4), usually united near the base, much

imbricated. Stamens hypogynous, 5 (rarely 3 or 4) opposite the

perianth-segments ; filaments united at the base into a scarious

(sometimes very short) tube, linear to the base, with processes

(staminodes) on the tube alternating with them, sometimes the

filaments wider at the base and uniting by an acute sinus into a

longer cup-like tube without any staminodes ; staminodes resembling

filaments or oblong, often fimbriate, or small or nearly obsolete ;

anthers attached by the middle of the back, 1—2-celled, oblong,

with a longitudinal slit ; pollen minute, globose. Ovary superior,

l-celled ; style short or long or 0; stigma capitellate, simple, or

AMARANTACE# (Cooke and Wright). 403

stigmas 2-3, erect or recurved ; ovules solitary or many, amphi-

tropous, erect or suspended from basal funicles. F'ruit a membranous

utricle (rarely a berry), irregularly breaking up or cireumscissile.

Seed lenticular, oblong or orbicular-reniform, compressed or rarely

turgid ; testa crustaceous, smooth or nearly so; embryo annular,

surrounding copious albumen.

Herbs or undershrubs (rarely trees), usually erect, seldom scandent ; leaves

simple, entire, opposite or alternate ; flowers small or minute, in spikes or heads

or rarely racemose ; bracts and bracteoles usually hyaline.

Disrris. Species about 600, in tropical and warm climates.

Tribe 1. CELosiex.—Anthers 2-celled. Ovules 2to many. Leaves alternate.

I. Celosia.—Filaments united at the base. Staminodes none or very

short.

Il. Hermbstedtia.—Filaments united high up. Staminodes longer than

the filaments.

Tribe 2. AMARANTER.—Anthers 2-celled, Ovules solitary.

* Ovule erect ; funicle short.

III. Amaranthus.—Zeaves alternate.

** Qvule on a long basal funicle.

+ Flowers usually several under each bract, some sterile.

{ Staminodes none.

IV. Sericorema.—Fruit glabrous. Flowers fertile and sterile in each

cluster. eaves alternate, narrow.

XI. Pupalia.—Fruit glabrous. Flowers fertile and sterile in each cluster.

Leaves opposite, broad.

V. Marcellia.—Fruit hairy. Flowers fertile and sterile in each cluster.

Leaves opposite.

VI. Leucosphera.— Fruit hairy. Flowers fertile only. Leaves alternate

or opposite,

tt Staminodes present (except in Centema subfusca and Sericocoma

avolans).

VII. Cyphocarpa.—Fruit horned. Sterile flowers reduced to straight

spines. Leaves opposite.

VIII. Sericocoma.—Fruit not horned. Sterile flowers reduced to straight

spines, or absent. Leaves alternate or opposite.

IX. Centema.—Fruit not horned. Sterile flowers reduced to straight

spines, thickened and united to the base of the fertile flower.

Leaves opposite.

X. Cyathula.—Fruit not horned. Sterile flowers reduced to hooked

spines. Leaves opposite.

++ Flowers solitary under each bract, bibracteolate, all hermaphrodite.

XII. Psilotrichum.—Staminodes none. Leaves opposite.

XIII. Zrva.—Staminodes present. Filaments connate at the base.

Perianth woolly. Leaves opposite and alternate.

XIV. Calicorema.—Staminodes present. Filaments connate at the base.

Leaves alternate. ag

404 AMARANTACES (Cooke and Wright).

XV. Achyranthes.—Staminodes present. Filaments connate into a long

tube, Leaves opposite.

XVI. Achyropsis.—Staminodes present. Filaments connate at the base.

Leaves opposite or fascicled,

Tribe 3. GomMPHRENEZ.—Anthers 1-celled. Ovule solitary.

XVII. Telanthera.—Frwit not compressed. Stigma capitate.

XVIII. Alternanthera.—Fruit much compressed, winged. Stigma capitate.

XIX. Gomphrena —Fruit compressed. Stigmas 2, linear.

I. CELOSIA, Linn.

Flowers hermaphrodite, bracteate and 2-bracteolate, arranged in

dense terminal and axillary spikes, or fasciculate along the floriferous

branchlets, sessile or shortly pedicellate, white, silvery or rosy,

shining. Perianth scarious, 5-partite ; segments (sepals) oblong or

lanceolate, obtuse or acute, erect in fruit. Stamens 5; filaments

subulate or filiform, united at the base into a membranous cup ;

anthers short or elongate, 2-celled. Ovary ovoid or subglobose ;

ovules 2 or more on elongated basal funicles; style short or long

or 0; stigmas 2-3, subulate. Fruit ovoid or oblong, membranous,

cireumscissile. Seeds 2 or more, usually erect, lenticular ; testa

crustaceous, black, smooth, polished ; embryo annular, surrounding

farinaceous albumen.

Herbs or undershrubs, erect or rambling; leaves alternate, attenuated into the

petiole, simple or rarely lobed.

Distris. Species about 40, in the warmer regions of the globe.

1. C. trigyna (Linn. Mant. 212); a branched slender somewhat

straggling glabrous herb; leaves 1-3 in. long, ovate, hastate-

ovate, or lanceolate, with cuneate base, glabrous ; petioles of the

lower leaves reaching 1 in. long, slender ; inflorescence in spike-like,

sometimes paniculate racemes 3-12 in, long; cymes interrupted ;

perianth-segments 11 lin. long, oblong-lanceolate, equal, straw-

coloured, usually l-nerved; stamens without interposed teeth ;

filaments united into a cup at the base, free portion } lin. long,

subulate ; anthers short, elliptic, 2-celled ; style very short, about

} lin. long; stigmas 3, recurved, 1} lin. long ; capsule 1 lin. long,

subglobose, circumscissile a little below the middle ; seeds flattened,

subreniform, } lin. in diam., smooth and shining, black. Moquin

in DO. Prodr. xiii. ii. 240; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 211 ; Oli.

in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 140 (ewel. syn.) ; Schinz in Engl. & Prantl,

Pflanzenfam. iii, 14, 99; E. G. Baker in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2,

Bot. iv. 39; Baker & C. B. Ol. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 19.

C. triloba, Meisn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. (1843) 448 (548).

Achyranthes decumbens & A. paniculata, Forsk. Fl. Aigypt-Arab. 47,

48, Lestibudesia trigyna, R. Br. Prodr. 414.

Celosia. | AMARANTACE (Cooke and Wright). 405 |

Katanart Recron : Transvaal; Shiluvane, Junod, 570! Rimers Creek, near

Barberton, Thorncroft, 3131!

_EAsTERN Reaion: Pondoland; by the St. Johns River, Drége ! forest above

Tiger Flat, near Port St. John, 300 ft., Galpin, 2855! Natal; Durban, Rehmann,

8741! Schlechter, 2790! Inanda, Wood, 529! near the Umgeni River, Arauss,

238! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 25! Delagoa Bay; north-west of

Lorenzo Marquez, Bolus, 9750!

Also in Tropical Africa and Madagascar,

II. HERMBSTADTIA, Reichb.

Flowers hermaphrodite ; bract 1 ; bracteoles 2, small. Perianth

5-fid, scarious; segments subequal, oblong or oblong-lanceolate.

Fertile stamens 5, united into a tube; staminodes developed as

processes alternate with and distinct from the fertile filaments,

sometimes fused partially or wholly with these ; anthers 2-celled,

oblong, sessile or shortly stipitate. Ovary ovoid, attenuated into a

short or subelongate style ; stigmas 3 (rarely 2, 4 or 5). Capsule

included in the perianth, ovoid, cireumscissile. Seeds few or many,

erect, lenticular ; testa black, shining, crustaceous ; embryo annular,

surrounding farinaceous albumen ; radicle inferior.

Herbs or undershrubs, glabrous or puberulous ; leaves scattered, linear or

spathulate-oblong, entire ; flowers arranged on elongate terminal spikes (rarely

capitate), white or rosy. :

DistriB. Species 17, in Tropical and South Africa.

Stigmas2 ... Gee i ot aie e ... (Q) caffra,

Stigmas 3:

Inflorescence capitate... oes Aes Vee .. (2) glauca,

Inflorescence spicate :

Style long ; stigmas exserted... veh ca ... (3) laxiflora.

Style short ; stigmas not exserted :

Leaves sessile or subsessile :

Leaves linear, recurved: spikes oblong, reach-

ing 2 in. long ; bracts broadly ovate 4-3 lin.

long eee eee eee eee eee .

Leaves not recurved, the lower spathulate-

oblong ; spikes reaching 8 in. long ; bracts

caudate-acuminate, 14 lin. long... ... (5) elegans,

Leaves petiolate : : :

Leaves oblanceolate; spikes }-11 in. long,

conical ; bracts 2 lin. long ... ec ... (6) transwaaleonsis.

Stigmas 4-5 ... sie ae on a eX ... (7) rubromarginata.

(4) odorata,

1. H. caffra (Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii, 246); whole plant

reaching 2} ft., suffruticose below; stems erect, simple below,

branched above, terete, striate, glabrous ; lower leaves numerous,

1-1} in. long (including a petiole 4 in. long), 2-3 lin, broad,

spathulate-oblong, narrowed towards the base, rather thick ; upper

leaves small, distant, linear ; inflorescence of branched spikes, often

406 AMARANTACE# (Cooke and Wright). | Hermbstedtia.

in threes, the 2 lower spikes small, the central 2-6 in. long; bracts

about 2 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, hyaline, strongly keeled, very

acute, persistent ; perianth 1} lin. long, white; segments oblong-

lanceolate, 3-nerved, midrib reaching the apex, lateral nerves

shorter ; staminodes slightly longer than the stamens, 2-fid at the

tip into acute lobes; ripe capsules 2 lin. long, oblong-obovate,

brown ; style very short, almost 0 ; stigmas 2, recurved, } lin. long ;

seeds usually 2, lenticular, }-$ lin. in diam., black, smooth and

polished. Lestiboudesia caffra, Meisn. in Hook. Lend. Journ. Bot.

ii. (1843) 549. Pelianthus celosioides, E. Meyer ea Moquin, l.c.

Eastern Recion: Natal; margins of woods near the Umlaas River, Avrauss,

37! near Durban, Gerrard, 779! Drége! Mudd! Peddie! Inanda, Wood, 77!

The type specimen of this is Krauss, 37, which has only 2 stigmas, as is also

the case with the other specimens enumerated. Messrs. Baker & Clarke, in Dyer’s

Fl. Trop. Africa, vi. i. 25, have united this with H. recurva, C. B. Clarke, but that

plant is smaller, and has 3 stigmas.

2. H. glauca (Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 247); erect,

branched, 12-18 in. high; branches terete, finely striate, pale

glaucous-green ; leaves }-1 in. long, $-3 lin. broad, sessile, distant,

linear or linear-lanceolate, subfleshy, glaucous, glabrous; spikes

-pedunculate, capituliform, globose, dense-flowered ; bracts 13 lin.

long, ovate-lanceolate, hyaline, concave, strongly keeled ; perianth

reaching 2 lin. long; segments ovate-oblong, mucronulate, 3-5-

nerved on the back ; staminodes hyaline, broad, 2-fid at the apex

into 2 triangular acute lobes, shorter than the stamens; anthers

linear-oblong ; capsule globosely ovoid, circumscissile near the base ;

style scarcely } lin. long; stigmas 3, nearly } lin. long, spreading ;

seeds 3-5, less than } lin. in diam., lenticular, brown-black, shining.

WesTERN Reaton: Little Namaqualand; by the Orange River near Verlept-

pram, Drége! on the hills near Buffels River, 1600 ft., Schlechter, 11270! sandy

and stony places near Spektakel, 800 ft., Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr,-Afr. 685 !

Little Bushmanland ; Naroep, Schlechter !

3. H. laxiflora (Lopr. in Malpighia, xiv. 430) ; suffruticose, rigid ;

branches elongate, slender, striate, glabrous ; leaves 3 in. long, } in.

broad, petiolate, oblanceolate, oblong-lanceolate or spathulate,

narrowed towards the base and decurrent into a short petiole,

rounded or obtuse at the apex, upper leaves gradually smaller,

sometimes submucronulate ; spikes few-flowered, 3-1} in. long,

2 lin. wide, obtuse ; bracts 1 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate,

hyaline, persistent after the flowers have fallen, midrib produced

into a mucro ; flowers distant in the lower part, close in the upper

part of the inflorescence, straw-coloured ; perianth 2 lin. long ;

segments oblong-lanceolate, acute, 3—5-nerved ; staminodes shorter

than the anthers, 2-fid into lanceolate segments ; anthers } lin. long,

oblong ; capsule ovoid, elongate, circumscissile below the middle ;

style elongate, reaching nearly } lin. long; stigmas 3, exserted ;

seeds 2 or 3, lenticular, } lin. in diam., smooth, black. Lopr. in

Engl. Jahrb. xxx. 105.

Hermbstedtia.| AMARANTACEZ (Cooke and Wright). 407

Eastern ReEcion: Portuguese East Africa; Ressano Garcia, near Komati

Poort, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 11876!

4. H. odorata (T. Cooke) ; a low branched plant less than 1 ft.

high ; stem and branches slender, striate, glabrous ; leaves }-1 in.

long, scarcely reaching } lin. broad, subsessile, linear-oblong, usually

recurved, glabrous or nearly so ; spikes }—2 in. long, 3-4 lin. broad,

simple, continuous; bracts }—} lin. long, broadly ovate, acute,

scarious, persistent ; perianth up to 2 lin. long, rosy (Burchell) ;

segments oblong, acute at the tip, 3-nerved, central nerve reaching

the apex, lateral nerves shorter; staminodes scarious, quadrate-*

oblong, as long as or slightly longer than the stamens, 2-fid at the

apex into lanceolate lobes; anthers oblong, 2-celled; capsule

globosely ovoid, cireumscissile about the middle; style scarcely

+ lin. long; stigmas 3, about } lin. long, recurved; seeds few,

about } lin. in diam., lenticular, black, shining. H. elegans, var.

recurva, Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 247. Celosia odorata, Burch.

Trav. 8. Afr. i. 389. C. recurca, Burch. Trav. S. Afr. ii, 226.

KaLaHarRI REGION: Griqualand West; Griquatown, Burchell, 2111! between

Spuigslang Fontein and the Vaal River, Burchell, 1712!

_ 5. H. elegans (Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 247); 10-20 in.

high, branched ; branches erect, striate, glabrous or nearly so, rigid,

green ; leaves #~1} in. long, 1-2 lin. broad, obtuse or subacute,

- narrowed towards the base as if petiolate, subcoriaceous, lower

leaves spathulate-oblong, the upper narrowly linear, glabrous ;

spikes terminal, 2-8 in. long, 4-6 lin. broad, nearly continuous,

at first ovate-triangular, at length oblong; bracts 1} lin. long,

ovate, caudate-acuminate, hyaline; perianth 2 lin. long ; segments

oblong-lanceolate, acute, scarious, shining, white or rosy, 3-5-

(rarely 7-) nerved, lateral nerves much shorter than the central

nerve which reaches the apex ; anthers narrowly oblong ; staminodes

slightly longer than the stamens, 2-fid at the apex into 2 lanceolate

lobes ; capsule circumscissile below the middle; style very short ;

stigmas 3, about } lin. long ; seeds } lin. in diam., lenticular, smooth

and polished, black. Schinz in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iii.

la, 100; Baker & O.B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 26. H.

recurva, CO. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i, 25.

CENTRAL Recion: Hopetown Div. ; near Hopetown, Bolus!

Katanarrt Recion: Griqualand West ; Asbestos Mountains, Burchell, 2028!

along the Vaal River, Burchell, 1767! between Griquatown and Witte Water,

Burchell, 1963 ! Orange River Colony ; by the Vaal River, Burke, 334! Thorntree

Valley, Mrs. Barber! Bechuanaland; between Kuruman and the Vaal River,

Cruickshank, 2548! between the Mashowing River and Kuru, Burchell, 2409!

near the source of the Kuruman River, Burchell, 2455/?! Kosifontein, Burchell,

2563! Barolung Territory, Holub! Bakwena Territory, 3500 ft., Holub!

Transvaal ; Pretoria, Bolus, 3109! Potgieters Rust, Miss Leendertz, 1963! South

African gold fields, Baines! Hermans Kraal, Schlechter, 4198! Rustenburg,

4000 ft., Miss Pegler, 1014! ; coi

Eastern Region: Natal; banks of the Umzinyati River, 3000-4000 ft.,

Sutherland! Delagoa Bay ; Lorenzo Marquez, Wilms, 1257 !

Also in Tropical Africa.

408 AMARANTACE (Cooke and Wright). [Hermbstedtia.

6. H. transwaaleensis (Lopr. in Malpighia, xiv. 429) ; suffruticose,

about 20 in. high; branches erect, elongate, glabrous or puberulous,

much striate, slender ; leaves 3-1} in. long, }—} in. broad, petiolate,

oblanceolate or oblanceolate-oblong, gradually narrowed towards

the base into the petiole, obtuse at the apex, glabrous or nearly

so ; spikes terminal, 3-1} in. long, nearly 4 in. broad at the base,

conical, acute at the apex, dense, much thickened ; bracts hyaline,

ovate-lanceolate, acute, concave, nearly } in, long, 75 in. broad,

persistent ; perianth straw-coloured, } in. long; segments 1 lin.

broad, ovate-lanceolate, turning black, with hyaline, much dilated

margins, 5—7-nerved; staminodes obtusely and irregularly 2-fid ;

anthers linear-oblong, rounded at the apex, j lin. long ; capsule

elongate-ovoid, circumscissile ; style short, terete, rufescent ; stigmas

3, revolute, papillose ; seeds usually 2, lenticular, } lin. in diam., black.

H. transvaalensis, Lopr. in Engl. Jahrb. xxx. 105.

Katanari Recion: Transvaal ; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1254.

Plant not seen ; the description is taken from Lopriore.

. 9%. H. rubromarginata (C. H. Wright); stem woody ; branches

slightly ribbed, pilose, reddish; leaves oblanceolate, 6 lin. long,

1-1} lin. wide, obtuse, tapering downwards, pilose, red along the

margins ; spikes terminal on the branches, dense, 1} in. long ; bracts

and bracteoles about 1 lin. long, ovate, concave, scarious ; perianth-

segments pink, broadly ovate, about 24 lin. long, the inner slightly

narrower than the outer; filaments subulate ; staminodes about

as long as the filaments, linear, with 2 acute lobes ; ovary ovoid ;

styles 4—5, short ; ovules about 6.

Katanari Recion: Transvaal ; Warmbath, Miss Leendertz, 1326 !

This species has the appearance of H, caffra, Moquin, but has pilose branches

and 4-5 styles.

III. AMARANTHUS, Linn.

Flowers monecious or polygamous, bracteate and 2-bracteolate.

Perianth-segments 5 (less commonly 1-3), membranous, equal or

subequal, ovate-lanceolate in male, usually oblong or spathulate-

oblong in female flowers. Stamens usually 5 (rarely 1-3) ; filaments

subulate or filiform, free at the base and without interjected

staminodes; anthers oblong or linear-oblong, 2-celled. Ovary

ellipsoid, compressed ; ovule 1, subsessile, erect ; style short or 0;

stigmas 2-3, subulate or filiform, spreading. Fruit usually enclosed

in the perianth, orbicular or ovoid, indehiscent or circumscissile,

mostly membranous, simple or 2-3-toothed at the apex. Seed

erect, globose, compressed ; testa crustaceous, smooth and shining ;

embryo annular, surrounding farinaceous albumen ; cotyledons

linear ; radicle inferior.

Amaranthus,| AMARANTACEE (Cooke and Wright). 409

Annual, erect or decumbent ; leaves alternate, mostly simple, usually entire,

petiolate ; flowers small or minute, arranged in dense axillary heads or in terminal

paniculate spikes, white, green, rosy or purplish ; bracts and perianth usually

persistent.

aot ae Species about 25, common weeds in all the warmer parts of the

world.

Sepals 5 ; stamens 5:

YLeaf-axils furnished with spines se kee .-. (1) spinosus.

Leaf-axils without spines :

Sepals 1} lin. long, oblong-lanceolate, the mid-rib

produced into an acicular point... ies (2) paniculatus.

Sepals 1 lin. long, linear-oblong, obtuse, often emar-

ginate a ei: av ey eae (3) retroflexus.

Sepals 3; stamens 3:

Capsule cireumscissile ; flowers not pedicellate :

Bracteoles longer than the perianth; sepals sub-

acute, cuspidate ... is eee gay ... (4) Thunbergii.

Bracteoles equal to or shorter than the perianth ;

sepals obtuse, with a short slender mucro_—... (5) Blitum.

Capsule indehiscent ; flowers pedicellate me ... (6) viridis.

beneath, with spines in the lower axils sometimes 2 in. long ; main

nerves numerous, slender, conspicuous below, white; petioles

reaching 14 in. long, slender; flowers very numerous, sessile, in

acute, those of the female oblong-obovate ; stamens 5; capsule

ovoid, membranous, circumscissile about the middle; style 0;

stigmas 2, reaching } lin. long, divaricate ; seeds 4 lin. in diam.,

lenticular, with obtuse margins, shining, black. Mogquin in DC.

Prodr. xiii. ii. 260 ; Wight, Icon. t, 513 ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv.

718; Baker & C. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 32.

Katanarrt Reoron:; Transvaal ; Shiluvane, Junod, 1062! a common roadside

weed around Pretoria, Burtt-Davy, 107D! Miss Leendertz, 7 !

Eastern Recion: Natal; near Durban, Wood, 1762! Wilms, 2238! in sandy

places near Ixopo, 3800 ft., Schlechter, 6679 !

Also in Tropical Africa and India.

2. A. paniculatus (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii, 1406) ; a tall handsome

plant 3-5 ft. or more high; stem stout, more or less grooved,

glabrous or puberulous ; leaves 2-3 in. long, 1-1} in. broad, elliptic-

lanceolate, tapering to both ends, obsoletely punctulate, often

mucronulate ; nerves prominent below ; petioles reaching 2} in.

long ; flowers numerous ; panicles much-branched ; spikes erect or

spreading, cylindric, gold-coloured or red, the central spikes the

longest ; bracteoles 2} lin. long, exceeding the sepals, narrowly

410 AMARANTACES (Cooke and Wright). [ Amaranthus.

ovate, hyaline, with a strong midrib produced into a long hard

point ; perianth 1} lin. long; sepals 5, oblong-lanceolate, scarious,

3500 ft., Galpin, 2039 !

KaLaHari Reaion: Transvaal; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1251! Standerton,

Burtt-Davy, 1805! Potchefstroom, Burtt-Davy, 1050 !

Eastern Recon: Natal; near Mooi River, 3000-4000 ft., Wood, 4440!

Cultivated in many warm countries for its grain. In India it supplies the staple

food of hill tribes over a large area.

3. A. retroflexus (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii, 1407); stem erect,

obsoletely striate, more or less pubescent, 2-3 ft. or more high,

branched below; younger branches recurved, then ascending ;

leaves 3-44 in. long, 14-24 in. broad, ovate-lanceolate or rhomboid-

ovate, subobtuse, with undulate margins, pale glaucous-green ;

main nerves numerous, conspicuous below, white ; petioles 2-3

in. long, stout; flowers pale green, in dense branched panicles ;

spikes erect or spreading, the terminal spike rather short, rigid ;

bracteoles reaching 2 lin. long, recurved, narrowly lanceolate,

scarious, midrib strong, produced into a long hard sharp point ;

sepals linear-oblong, obtuse, hyaline, 1 lin. long, 3 lin. broad,

rounded, sometimes slightly retuse at the apex, with a green midrib ;

stamens 5; capsule less than 1 lin. long, ovoid, compressed,

membranous, circumscissile about the middle ; stigmas 3, recurved,

} lin. long; seeds 4 lin. in diam., lenticular, dark brown, nearly

black. Moguin in DO. Prodr. xiii. ii. 258; Willd. Amarant. 33,

t. 11, fig. 21.

Coast REcIon: Queenstown Div. ; Shiloh, Bawr, 1139!

CenTRAL REGIon: Somerset Div. ; in fields at the foot of Bosch Berg, 2500 ft.,

certainly an introduction, MacOwan, 1957 !

An introduction from America, rapidly becoming naturalized.

4. A. Thunbergii (Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 262); stems

14 ft. high, ascending, striate, glabrous, often tinged with purple,

branched ; leaves 4-1 in. long, 2-6 lin. broad, ovate, obovate or

spathulate, obtuse, sometimes excised at the apex, cuneate at the

base, apiculate and with more or less undulate margins; nerves

elevated beneath ; petioles }—1 in. long ; flowers in small axillary

heads ; bracteoles 1 lin. long, lanceolate, with a strong midrib

produced into a hard sharp point ; perianth 14 lin. long; sepals 3,

unequal, ovate, subacute, cuspidate; stamens 3; capsule ovoid,

1} lin. long, narrowed at the apex, circumscissile about the middle,

membranous ; stigmas 3, about } lin. long ; seeds 4—} lin. in diam.,

lenticular, with acute margins, dark brown, shining. A grecizans,

Baker & C. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 34 (not of Linn.).

Amaranthus.| AMARANTACE (Cooke and Wright). 411

Coast Recion: Cape Div. ; Groot Schuur, Wolley-Dod, 1142! Uitenhage Div.,

Zeyher, 576! Queenstown Div. ; near Shiloh, 3500 ft., Baur, 971!

CentraL REGIon: Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet, Bolus, 357! Rich-

mond Div. ; between Richmond and Brak Vallei River, Drége! Albert. Div.,

Cooper, 789 !

Karauart Recion: Basutoland, Cooper, 3049! 3500; Bechuanaland ; plains

near Takun, Burchell! Transvaal; Marico District, Holub! Potchefstroom Farm,

Burtt-Davy, 1051! 1057! Springbok Flats, Burtt-Davy, 1740! near Standerton,

Burtt-Davy, 1802 !

Eastern Recton: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 234!

I do not consider A. Thunbergii to be conspecific with A. grecizans, Linn.

(Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 1405), a Virginian plant, the leaves of which are described by

Linneeus as lanceolate, while those of A. Thunbergii are obovate.

seeds 4 lin. in diam., lenticular, slightly margined, brown-black,

shining. Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 263 ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.

iv. 721; Baker & C. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 35.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Zeyher, 1438 !

Coast REGION: Queenstown Div. ; bare mountain slopes near Queenstown,

4400 ft., Galpin, 2015!

Cenrrat Recon: Prince Albert Div. ; Boter Kraal, 2100 ft., Bolus, 11624!

Somerset Div. ; Somerset East, Miss Bowker !

Also in Tropical Africa and India.

6. A. viridis (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 1405) ; erect, branched ; stems

grooved, glabrous ; leaf-blades 4-1} in. long, 4-3} in. broad, ovate

or rhomboid-ovate, obtuse, with a short stiff apiculation, narrowed

at the base and running into the petiole, glabrous; nerves con-

spicuous beneath ; petioles reaching | in. long, slender ; inflorescence

terminal and axillary, the terminal spike-like racemes reaching

2 in. long, the axillary much shorter, often reduced to heads;

flowers shortly pedicellate; bracteoles much shorter than the

compressed, margined, dark brown, shining. Baker & C. B. Cl. in

Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 33; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 720.

Euaolus caudatus, Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 274.

Coast Rearon: Albany Div. ; Grahamstown, MacOwan, 3419! perhaps intro-

duced,

Also in Tropical Africa and India.

412 AMARANTACE& (Cooke and Wright). [Sericorema.

IV. SERICOREMA, Lopr.

Inflorescence long and laxly spicate, the partial inflorescences

consisting of 1-3 perfect flowers, sessile and distant along the

rhachis of the spike, supported by 2 sterile flowers represented by

a fascicle of recurved spines united into a stalk below. Bracteoles

each enclosing a tuft of soft woolly hairs which cover the spines

and which are enlarged in fruit so as almost to envelop the flower.

Stamens long, without interposed staminodes. Ovary ovoid; style

scarcely any, stout; stigma with a tuft of hairs. Seed doubled

over on itself, somewhat horseshoe-shaped, compressed, red, glabrous ;

embryo annular.

Erect herbs ; leaves scattered, alternate and fasciculate, linear or oblong, sessile,

quite entire.

Distris. Species 2, in Tropical and South Africa,

Sir J. Hooker established Sericorema as a section of Sericocoma in Benth. et

Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 80, but suggested that it might be entitled to generic rank.

1, S. remotiflora (Lopr. in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 39); stem

herbaceous, erect, glabrous, paniculately branched above; branches

numerous, ascending, terete, striate, glabrous; leaves sessile, i}

in. long, 1—} lin. broad, alternate or fasciculate, linear-subulate,

Crnrrat ReGion : Murrayburg Div. ; mountain near Snyders Kraal, Tyson, 422 !

Kactanarkt Raion: Griqualand West; Griquatown, Burchell, 1895! 1942!

Albania (Douglas), between the Orange River und Vaal River, 4500 ft., Bolus,

1834! St. Clair, Douglas, Orpen, 224! Orange River Colony ; by the Vaal River,

Burke, 185! Zeyher, 1434! damp places in low valleys, Mrs. Barber ! Transvaal ;

Warm Bath, Miss Leendertz, 1347! South African Gold Fields, Baines ; Dronk-

fontein, east of Nylstroom River, Nelson, 367 !

Lopriore makes the glabrous ovary a characteristic of this genus. In what

may be considered the type of the genus, Z’richinium remotijlorwm, Hook., figured

in Hook. Ic. Pl.1.c., the ovary is shown to be villous, a condition which I hare

invariably found to exist.

Mareellia.| | AMARANTACEA (Cooke and Wright). 413

V. MARCELLIA, Baill.

(LevcospHara, Gilg, partly. Sericocomopsis, Schinz, partly.)

Fertile flowers 1-3 in each cluster; sterile flowers 1 or more in

each cluster, reduced to spines, not hooked. Perianth-segments

oblong. Stamens 5; filaments linear, united below into a cup;

staminodes none; anthers 2-celled, oblong. Ovary ovoid, densely

hairy; ovule solitary, suspended from a basal funicle; style

columnar ; stigma small.

Undershrubs; leaves opposite, simple, entire; flower-clusters collected into

dense spikes near the top of the stems.

Distris. Species about 9, in Tropical Africa.

1. M. Bainesii (C. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 51); a

much-branched undershrub, up to 18 in. high; branches terete,

clothed with soft white hairs ; leaves obovate-elliptic, 10 lin. long,

3 lin. wide, acute, tapering to the base, densely white silky-tomen-

tose on both surfaces; spikes subglobose, about 6 lin. in diam. ;

clusters consisting of 1-2 fertile and 2~4 sterile flowers; bracts

lanceolate, 3 lin. long, acuminate, scarious, silky outside ; bracteole

ovate, acuminate, much shorter than the bracts ; perianth-segments

lanceolate, acuminate, 2 lin. long, silky; staminal cup nearly as

long as the hairy ovary ; utricle densely hairy. Sericocoma Bainesit,

Hook. f. in Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 31; Schinz in Engl. &

Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iii. 1a, 107, 106, fig. 60. Sericocomopsis

Bainesii, Schinz in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. 185, and in Bull. Herb. Boiss.

v. Append. iii. 65. Leucospheera Bainesii, Gilg in Engl. & Prantl,

Pflanzenfam. Nachir. i. 153; Lopr. in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 41, xxx.

107.

Western Recion: Great Namaqualand; Ganab, Schinz, 249; Nanas, Fleck,

176a; Keetmanshoop, Fleck, 172a.

Also in Tropical Africa.

VI. LEUCOSPHARA, Gilg, partly.

(Suricocomopsis, Schinz, partly.)

Fertile flowers in 2-flowered clusters arranged in globose heads ;

barren flowers none. Perianth-segments 5, clothed with white silky

hairs. Stamens 5; staminodes none. Ovary elongate. Otherwise

as Marcellia, Baill.

Disrris. Species 1, endemic. LI. Bainesii, Gilg, has been transferred to

Marcellia.

HL AMARANTACE (Cooke and Wright). [| Lewecosphera.

1. L. Pfeilii (Gilg in Notizbl. Kénigl. Bot. Gart. Berlin, i. 328);

a small much divaricately branched shrub; young leafy branches

greyish velvety ; leaves alternate or opposite, 5 lin. long, 1$ lin.

wide, sessile, lanceolate or oblanceolate, acute, tapering to the base,

entire, very densely covered with rather long adpressed grey or

whitish hairs on both surfaces ; flowers in globose many-flowered

heads 9 lin. in diam. at the ends of the branches ; clusters 2-flowered ;

bracts spine-like, a little longer than the flowers, 4 lin. long,

plumose ; bracteoles 2, ovate, lateral, short, membranous ; perianth-

segments 34 lin. long, long and densely silky-pilose, three inner

slightly narrower than the others; stamens 5, without a basal

membrane or intermediate staminodes.

Coast Recon : Bredasdorp Div. ; Rietfontein-Koes, Pfeil, 121.

VII. CYPHOCARPA, Lopr.

(Sericocoma, § KypHocarpa, Fenzl.)

Inflorescence of 1-4 perfect, and 1-2 sterile flowers reduced to

spines, spicately arranged and full of fine hairs. Perianth-segments

5, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, subequal or the outer the longer.

Stamens 5 ; filaments linear, united at the base into a short cup,

with interposed staminodes on its edge between the stamens;

anther-cells 2, oblong. Ovary ovoid or obovoid, with a distinct

horn on one side below its apex ; ovule suspended from a basal

funicle ; style slender, about as long as the ovary ; stigma capitate.

Seed suborbicular, more or less compressed ; embryo annular.

Herbs or shrubs of various habit ; leaves opposite, linear or oblong, simple,

entire, sessile or shortly petiolate.

Distris. Species about 8, in Tropical and South Africa.

Leaves $-} in. broad, shortly petiolate; sepals not

aristate, subequal wis ses ose bes Sie

Leaves not reaching #5 in. broad, sessile ; outer sepals

aristate, larger than the inner :

(1) trichinioides.

Plant 2 ft. high: spikes 2-3in.long ... ... (3) angustifolia.

Plant 2 ft. high; spikes 1} in. long... ih ... (2) resedoides.

Plant 8 in. high; spikes less than 3in. long ... .... (4) Wilmsii.

1, C. trichinioides (Lopr. in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 45) ; suffruticose

at the base, quite glabrous ; stems simple, erect, leafy below, naked

upwards ; leaves opposite or subopposite, shortly petiolate, 1—2 in.

long, }-} in. broad, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse or subacute, shortly

mucronulate, attenuated at the base, flat, subfleshy ; midrib prominent

beneath ; petiole 3-5 lin. long; spikes 14-23 in. long, }—% in. broad,

obtuse, usually simple, but sometimes with a short branch at the

base ; flowers yellowish ; bracteoles slightly shorter than the sepals,

Cuphocarpa.| AMARANTACE (Cooke and Wright). 415

small, ovate; ovary villous, shortly horned; style 2 lin. long,

eee we

re eee

Eastern Recron: Natal; near Durban, Arauss, 294! Wood in MacOwan &

Bolus, Herb. Norm. 1034! Grant! Inanda, 1800 ft., Wood, 67! :

There is no doubt that the specimens of Krauss (294) in the Kew Herbarium

represent Meisner’s type of Sericocoma Chrysurus. I quite agree with Schinz that

Sericocoma trichinioides, Fenzl, is conspecific.

2. C. resedoides (Lopr. in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 44) ; stem slightly

woody, erect, 2 ft. high, glabrous, slightly constricted at the

insertion of the leaves when dry; leaves distant, decussate,

narrowly linear-lanceolate, mucronate, tapering into the petiole,

up to 2 in. long and 1} lin. wide, glabrous ; flowers in clusters of

2-3 fertile and 1-2 sterile collected into terminal spikes 1} in. long

and 4 lin. wide; bracts ovate-triangular, acute, awned, hyaline,

ribbed, 24 lin. long, 1 lin. wide ; bracteoles connate at the base,

broadly ovate, acute, hyaline, with a thick hairy midrib produced

into a long awn; perianth-segments unequal, oblong-ovate, about

24 lin. long, acute, hyaline, densely long hairy, the strong midrib

of the two outer produced into a’short awn ; filaments subulate ;

staminodes shortly trapezoid; ovary turbinate, laterally horned,

pilose ; style subulate, twice as long as the ovary ; stigma capitate,

Lopr. in Malpighia, xiv. 437.

Eastern Reaion: Transvaal; Lydenburg district, by the Watervaal River,

Wilms, 1260.

3. C. angustifolia (Lopr. in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 45) ; suffruticose,

glabrate except the inflorescence, often 2 ft. high, branched below ;

branches terete, rather® slender, glabrous; leaves opposite or

fasciculate, reaching 2 in. long, scarcely more than 1 lin. broad,

sessile, linear, shortly mucronate, glabrous ; flowers in dense,

usually obtuse spikes 2-3 in. long, } lin. broad, the partial inflor-

escences consisting of 2—4 fertile and 1-2 sterile flowers, each of

the latter reduced to a pair of silky-hairy hard sharp terete yellow

shortly stalked spines reaching 24 lin. long; bracteoles broadly

ovate, membranous, silky-hairy, the midrib produced into a strong

terete prominent spine ; perianth 3 lin. long ; sepals 5, the 2 outer

the largest, oblong-lanceolate, aristate, silky-hairy, the 3 inner

oblong-lanceolate, subobtuse, not aristate ; stamens 1} lin. long;

anthers rather more than } lin. long; ovary subglobose, 1 lin.

416 AMARANTACEA (Cooke and Wright). [Cyphocarpa.

across, slightly flattened, furnished with a horn at one side, silky-

villous ; style reaching 1 lin. long, slender ; stigma small, capitate ;

seed doubled on itself, the folded seed 1 lin. in diam., orbicular,

compressed, red. COyathula angustifolia, Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii.

ii. 328 ; Sonder in Linnza, xxiii. 97. Sericocoma angustifolia, Hook.

f. in Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 30.

CrnTRAL Reaion : Hopetown Div. ; near Hopetown, 5000 ft., Muskett in Herb.

Bolus, 2208 !

Katanart Recion: Griqualand West; near Griquatown, Burchell, 1945!

Holub! Asbestos Mountains, Burchell, 2065! St. Clair, Douglas, Orpen, 241!

Transvaal ; Daspoort, near Pretoria, Miss Leendertz, 156! Komati Poort, 1000 ft.

Schlechter, 11819! Vaal River, Burke, 333! Zeyher, 1487; Boshveld, between

Kameel Poort and Elands River, Rehmann, 4807! Warm Bath, Miss Leendertz,

1599!

4, C. Wilmsii (Lopr. in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 42) ; plant 8 in. high ;

stem erect, herbaceous at first, subwoody later, branched from the

base ; leaves decussate, glabrous, 2} in. long, } lin. broad, with a

thick bristle point ; inflorescence spicate, conical, supported by a

pair of leaves immediately below the spike; spikes 7 lin. long,

6 lin. broad ; partial inflorescences of usually 4 fertile and 4 sterile

flowers, 2 of the fertile flowers completely developed and 2 incom-

pletely, each accompanied by 2 lateral sterile flowers which consist

of 5 unequal spindle-shaped spines, of which the outer ones are

provided with a tuft of hairs and a narrow blade; bracteoles

unequal, obliquely suborbicular with a hyaline blade, densely long-

hairy at the base, 24-3 lin. long, 2-24 lin. broad, with a strongly

developed midrib produced into a spine ; sepals about 2—24 lin. long,

1-1} lin. broad, ovate, acute, the 2 outer ending in spines which

are a continuation of the midrib, all hyaline, densely pilose at the

base; filaments subulate, connate at the base, 1} lin. long ;

staminodes short, papilla-like; anthers oblong-elliptic; ovary

turbinate, laterally horned, pilose, especially on the crown, style

subulate, 2 or 3 times as long as the ovary ; stigma capitate.

Katanart Region: Transvaal; Lydenburg district, between Middelburg and

the Crocodile River, Wilms, 1259, ex Lopriore.

I have not seen the specimen ; the description is taken from Lopriore.

VIII. SERICOCOMA, Fenzl.

Flowers spicate or capitellate, hermaphrodite, 1-2 fertile with

1 or more sterile flowers usually reduced to spines, the inflorescences

full of fine hairs, bracteate and bibracteolate. Perianth-segments 5,

thickly coriaceous or chartaceous, connate at the base, ovate- or

oblong-lanceolate, the inner the narrowest. Stamens 5; filaments

filiform, united at the base into a short cup ; staminodes usually on

the rim of the cup between the stamens, rarely (S. avolans) 0 ;

anthers oblong, 2-celled. Ovary ovoid or oblong, not horned, woolly

‘Sericocoma.| AMARANTACE (Cooke and Wright). 417

or tomentose; ovule 1, suspended from the apex of an elongate

funicle; style about as long as the ovary; stigma capitellate.

Utricle included in the perianth, membranous, indehiscent. Seed

inverse, oblong or suborbicular, compressed ; embryo annular.

Herbs or undershrubs of various habit ; leaves linear or oblong (rarely obovate),

sessile, entire, alternate or alternate and opposite on the same plant.

Distris. Species 6, in Tropical and South Africa.

Staminodes present ; leaves alternate ; flowers in heads

6-8 lin. long ae we (1) pungens.

Staminodes absent; leaves alternate and opposite ;

flowers in spikes reaching 24 in. long ne ... (2) avolans,

1. 8. pungens (Fenzl in Linnea, xvii. 326) ; a low much-branched

rigid undershrub ; branches subterete, pubescent ; leaves alternate,

subsessile, 3-5 lin. long, 1-1? lin. broad, obovate-oblong, thick and

fleshy, shortly mucronulate ; nerves obscure; heads of flowers

terminal, globose or ovate, 6-8 lin. long, 5-6 lin. broad, with much

fine pale brown hair; bracteoles unequal, the longer reaching

4 lin. long, spinously aristate; perianth 3? lin. long; sepals 5,

unequal, the 2 outer longer than the inner, 3-nerved, all spinously

aristate and clothed with soft hairs ; stamens 5; filaments 1 lin.

_ long, narrowly linear to the base ; anthers small, oblong ; staminodes

small, ovate-oblong ; ovary globose, $ lin. in diam., villous ; style

up to 1 lin. long, slender ; stigma small, capitate ; seeds not seen.

Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 308 ; Baker & C. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl.

Trop. Afr. vi. i. 41. S. pungens, var. longearistata, Schinz in Engl.

Jahrb. xxi. 181.

Western Reaion: Little Namaqualand; hills by the Orange River, near

Verleptpram, Drége!

Also in Tropical Africa.

2. 8. avolans (Fenzl in Linnwa, xvii. 328) ; 1-1} ft. high ; stems

branched ; branches glabrous or puberulous ; leaves opposite and

alternate, sessile or subsessile, 1 in. long, 14 lin. broad, linear or

linear-oblong, acute, shortly mucronate, glabrous, thick, subfleshy ;

flowers in cylindric obtuse simple terminal spikes 1-2} in. long, at

first pale yellowish, then ash-coloured ; partial inflorescences usually

of 1 fertile without infertile flowers ; bracteoles hyaline, ovate-

VOL. V.—SECT. I.

418 AMARANTACE& (Cooke and Wright). [ Sericocoma.

Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 45. Eurotia capensis, E. Meyer ex Moquin in

DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 307.

CentraL Recion: Calvinia Div.; between Lospers Plaats aud Springbok Kuil

River, 2000-3000 ft., Zeyher, 1439! Prince Albert Div.; between the Dwyka

River and Zwartbulletje River, Drége! Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet,

Bolus 312!

Katanart Recion: Griqualand West; St. Clair, Douglas, Orpen, 129 !

Much confusion exists regarding Sericocoma Zeyheri (Trichinium Zeyheri,

Moquin) and Sericocoma avolans, Fenzl, to both of which species Moquin has

referred Zeyher’s 1439. In his description of S. avolans, Moquin simply copies

Fenzl who says that staminodes are present, which is certainly not the case in

Zeyher’s 1439 at Kew, while in his description of T'richinium Zeyheri under the

same number, Moquin assigns the absence of staminodes as a reason for placing™

the plant in the genus Trichiniwm instead of in Sericocoma, Engler based his

description of Sericocoma Zeyheri (Bot. Jahrb. x. 6) upon a plant collected at

Kimberley in Griqualand West by Marloth, 785, in which the uvary is horned

(and therefore a species of Cyphocarpa), and also referred to it Trichinium Zeyheri,

Moguin, in an authentic specimen of which at Kew (as well as all the others

cited above) the ovary is not horned. Lopriore (Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 45) makes

Cyphocarpa Zeyheri conspecific with Trichinium Zeyheri, Moquin, and therefore

accepts the horned ovary described by Engler. I think that Trichinium Zeyheri

and Sericocoma avolans should be regarded as conspecific, under the latter name.

This will invalidate one of Lopriore’s characters of Sericocoma (viz. the presence of

staminodes), but according to the Genera Plantarum of Benth. & Hook. f.

staminodes in Sericocoma are sometimes absent and are said to be so in S. avolans.

(T. C.)

IX. CENTEMA, Hook. f.

Flowers spicate, 1-2 hermaphrodite, with 1 or more sterile

flowers reduced to strong simple spines thickened at the base ;

bracts persistent; bracteoles 2. Perianth-segments coriaceous or

chartaceous, connate and thickened at the base, ovate-lanceolate,

acuminate, 3—5-nerved, the inner the narrower. Stamens 5, con-

nected at the base by a membrane and with interposed staminodes,

or in one species without staminodes; anthers 2-celled, linear-

oblong. Ovary ovoid, attenuated into a slender style; ovule 1,

suspended from an elongate funicle ; stigma obliquely truncate or

shortly 2-fid. Fruit included in the perianth, membranous,

indehiscent, not indurated at the top. Seed orbicular or oblong,

compressed ; embryo annular.

Erect herbs or undershrubs ; leaves opposite, sessile or shortly petiolate, linear

or linear-oblong, entire.

Disrrip. Species 7, 5 of them in Tropical Africa.

An undershrub 2 ft. high ; staminodes 0 a ..» (1) subfusea.

A herb 6 in. high ; staminodes short, 2-lobed ... (2) cruciata,

1. C. subfusca (T. Cooke); stem suffruticose, erect, reaching

2 ft. high, glabrous ; branches subterete; leaves opposite, shortly

petiolate, 3-1} in. long, }-2 in. broad, oblong or subspathulate,

subacute, narrowed and subauriculately dilated at the base, entire,

Centema. | AMARANTACE (Cooke and Wright). 419

Eastern Reaion: Delagoa Bay, Forbes! Langley, 5!

2. C. cruciata (Schinz in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. 184); an annual herb

about 6 in. high, branched ; leaves linear-lanceolate, up to 2 in.

long and 14 lin. wide, acute, aristate, glabrous ; flowers in glomerules

collected into terminal spikes, each glomerule consisting of 3 fertile

and 3 sterile flowers, the latter reduced to spines ; bracts lanceolate

from an ovate base, concave, aristate, 2 lin. long, glabrous ; bracteoles

rotundate, 24 lin. long, about 3 lin. wide, thin ; outer perianth-

segments ovate-oblong, inner oblong, 24 lin. long, 1 lin. wide ;

staminal tube rather large; filaments 2 lin. long; staminodes

short, ligulate, 2-lobed ; utricle ovoid, pilose; embryo forming a

complete ring.

Kavanart Recion: Transvaal; Boshveld, Rehmann, 5096, between Elands

River and Klippan, Rehmann, 5100! in sandy places near Vaalboschfontein,

Schlechter, 4227! Warmbath, Miss Leendertz, 2073!

X. CYATHULA, Lour.

Flowers 1-2 perfect with others imperfect, in bracteate and

bibracteolate spicate or capitate fascicles, the perianth-segments

of the imperfect flowers ultimately converted into rigid hooked

spines. Perianth-segments of pertect flowers 5, scarious, not

indurated at the base, subequal or the 3 interior narrower, ovate

or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, or aristate. Stamens 5; filaments

united at the base by a membrane, with interposed lacerate or

linear staminodes; anthers oblong, 2-celled. Ovary obovoid ;

ovule 1, suspended from the apex of an elongate funicle ; style

filiform ; stigma capitellate. Uiricle closely enclosed in the

perianth, areolate at the apex, membranous, indehiscent. Seed

inverse, oblong; testa thinly coriaceous ; embryo _ peripheric,

surrounding farinaceous albumen ; cotyledons linear, flat ; radicle

erect. :

ou 2

“420 - AMARANTACEH (Cooke and Wright). — [ Cyathula.

Herbs sometimes shrubby at the base, with terete branches ; leaves petiolate,

ovate, acuminate, quite entire ; fascicles of flowers small or large, green or white,

reflexed after flowering ; bracts ovate, concave, scarious, usually aristate.

Distris. Species about 15, in the warmer parts of Asia, Africa and South

America.

“Inflorescence elongate... be oes ie w+ (1) cylindrica.

Inflorescence globose :

Leaves ovate, flat ‘ae ed ia bet ... (2) globulifera,

Leaves obovate, flat... ae ie 2s ... (3) natalensis.

Leaves spathulate, flat :

Perianth-segments oblong ... eae ty. «.. (4) spathulata.

Perianth-segments oblong-ovate ... at ... (5) spathulifolia.

Leaves elliptic, crisped is oe “t ... (6) crispa.

cuneate at the base, more or less hairy on both sides; nerves

conspicuous beneath ; petioles }—} in. long, slender ; spikes 1-4 in.

long, 4 in. broad, often interrupted near the base, the lower

clusters forming opposite subglobose fascicles ; bracteoles of fertile

flowers 2 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, ovate, acute, concave, sometimes

hooked, scarious, hairy on the upper part of the midrib at the back ;

bracteoles of sterile flowers exceeding the perianth, hooked ;

perianth of fertile flowers 2} lin. long; sepals subequal, the inner

3 very slightly narrower than the 2 outer, oblong-lanceolate ;

perianth of sterile flowers with 2-4 short hooked rigid spines ;

filaments of anthers reaching } lin. long ; staminodes shorter. than

the filaments, subquadrate, laciniate at the apex ; seeds ? lin. long,

rounded at both ends, oblong, light brown. Lopr. in Engl. Jahrb.

xxvii. 64 in obs. and xxx. 28 in obs.; Schinz in Engl. & Pranil,

Pflanzenfam. iii. 1a, 107 ; Baker & OC. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr.

vi. i. 46. Pupalia Alopecurus, Fenzl ex Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente,

149, 150, 214. Trichinium latifolium, E. Meyer ex Moquin, l.c.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Drége !

Kavanari Reaion : Orange River Colony, Cooper, 3051! Transvaal ; hills near

Aapies River, Rehmann, 4292!

EasTeRN Recion: Pondoland; between Umtata River and St. Johns River,

Drége! Natal; Isnama, Sutherland! Inanda, Wood, 525! near Van Reenen,

5000-6000 ft., Wood, 5708! and without precise locality, Cooper, 1143! 3052!

Also in Tropical Africa.

hairy ; inflorescence in dense globose heads, }-1} in. long, nearly —

as broad as long; partial inflorescences usually of 1 narrow fertile

Cyathula.] | AMARANTACEA (Cooke and Wright). 421

flower with sterile flowers around it, the sepals of the sterile flowers

ending in long hooked spines ; bracteoles 2} lin. long, ovate, aristate,

sometimes shortly hooked ; perianth 24 lin. long ; 2 outer segments

lanceolate, aristate, shortly hooked, 24 lin. long; 3 inner segments

2 lin, long, ovate-lanceolate, apiculate, all pubescent or woolly ;

filaments } lin. long; anthers } lin. long, ovoid ; staminodes much

shorter than the filaments, oblong, laciniate, glabrous; ovary

obovoid ; style 3 lin. long, slender; seed rather more than } lin.

long, light brown. Schinz in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iu. 1a,

107, fig. 61,8; Baker & C. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 44.

Pupalia holosericea, Fenzl in Drége, Zwei Pi. Documente, 51, 56,

152, 158, 214; Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 329. Alternanthera

lappulacea, Schlechtend. ea Moquin, l.c. Desmochxta uncinulata,

Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 890.

Coast Recion: Albany Div.: near Grahamstown, Cooper, 3053! Queenstown

Div. ; in scrub, Lesseyton Drift, Galpin, 2591! Shiloh, Baur, 793!

CrenTRAL Recron: Graaff Reinet Div. ; at Milk River, Burchell, 2594/2 ! Oude

Berg, near Graaff Reinet, 3800 ft., Drége, Bolus, 302! Aliwal North Div. ; rocky

hills near the Orange River, Burke! Kraai River, 4500 ft., Drége.

Katanart Recon: Orange River Colony; Bloemfontein, Rehmann, 3833!

Transvaal ; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1261! near Pretoria, Miss Leendertz, 41 !

Rehmann, 4547 ! :

Easrern Recion : Pondoland ; between St. Johns River and Umsikaba River,

1000-2000 ft., Drége. Griqualand East; mountains near Matatiele, 5000 ft.,

Tyson, 1619! Natal; Inanda, 1800 ft., Wood, 14! Umlazi River Heights, under

500 ft., Drége, and without precise locality, Cooper, 1079 ! Gerrard, 1572!

3. C. natalensis (Sond. in Linnea, xxiii. 97); stem weak,

decumbent, several feet long ; branches opposite, sulcate, scabrous ;

leaves opposite, obovate or oblong-spathulate, up to 1} in. long and

10 lin. wide, cuspidate or shortly acuminate, obtuse at the base,

adpressed, pilose; petiole short; heads terminal, solitary or in

pairs, globose, 6-8 lin. in diam., woolly ; bracts hyaline, glabrous,

shining ; lateral flowers sterile, setaceous, uncinate, golden-yellow,

base surrounded by wool; central flower hermaphrodite ; perianth-

segments lanceolate, equal, 3 lin. long, herbaceous with scarious

margins, rather woolly outside ; filaments filiform, about half as

long as the sepals, hirsute at the base; anthers oblong, 2-celled ;

staminodes much wider than the filaments, truncate, denticulate,

hirsute ; style filiform, glabrous, longer than the ovary ; stigma

capitate ; utricle glabrous; seed brownish. Schinz in Engl. &

Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iii. 1a, 108. Pupalia natalensis, Sond. le.

Eastern Reaion: Natal; Durban, Gueinzius, 143.

4. C. spathulata (Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. 421); an erect

plant (probably perennial) clothed with rusty hairs ; leaves spathu-

late, rotundate or truncate or attenuate at the apex, sessile or with

a petiole up to 5 lin. long, 1} in. long, 9-14 lin. wide, hairy on the

nerves and margin ; flower-clusters formed of 1 fertile and several

sterile flowers, the latter reduced to hooked spines ; bracts broadly

422 AMARANTACEE (Cooke and Wright). — [Cyathula.

ovate, villous at the base ; perianth-segments oblong, acute, 3 lin.

long, about 4 lin. wide, dark green edged with white, hairy at the

base, glabrous elsewhere ; filaments nearly 2 lin. long ; staminodes

truncate, fimbriate, about a third as long as the filaments; ovary

truncate ; style filiform, 14-2 lin. long.

Eastern Recon: Delagoa Bay, Kuntze, 204, ex Schinz.

5. C. spathulifolia (Lopr. in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 54) ; stem erect,

slender, subwoody, pubescent or tomentose ; leaves spathulate, acute

or shortly acuminate, 1-2 in. long, 3-1} in. broad, running down

into a short petiole, hairy on both sides; nerves slightly prominent

beneath ; inflorescence capituliform, terminal or lateral, subspherical ;

partial inflorescences of 1 solitary fertile and 4 sterile flowers ;

bracts hyaline, ovate, concave, acute, aristate ; bracteoles hooked ;

perianth 24 lin. long ; sepals subequal, oblong-ovate, the 2 outer

slightly broader than the 3 inner, 3-nerved, all acute or minutely

apiculate, softly woolly ; sterile flowers converted into hooked spines

with woolly bases ; filaments of anthers subulate ; anthers oblong ;

staminodes subquadrate, shorter than the filaments ; ovary 2 lin.

long, obovoid ; style reaching 1} lin. long, very slender ; stigma

minute ; ripe utricle 14-14 lin. long, ellipsoid, compressed, areolate

at the apex, glabrous ; seed 1} lin. long, ellipsoid, rounded at both

ends, light brown. Lopr. in Malpighia, xiv. 444.

Eastern Recion: Natal; Umzinyati Falls, Wood, 1323! Lorenzo Marquez,

150 ft., Schlechter, 11640!

This may be conspecific with C. spathulata, Schinz.

6. C. crispa (Schinz in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. 188) ; a low shrub, at

first hairy, finally more or less glabrous ; leaves elliptic, 5 lin. long,

2 lin. wide, crisped, sessile or shortly petioled; spikes globose,

stalked or sessile, formed of 3-flowered clusters ; sterile flowers none ;

bracts and bracteoles lanceolate, with a long awn, hairy on the

centre of the back in the lower half; perianth-segments oblong-

lanceolate, acute, glabrous, 4 lin. long, | lin. wide ; staminal tube.

1 lin. long ; filaments 1} lin. long ; staminodes dentate or shortly

fimbriate ; utricle ovoid, glabrous ; style 2 lin. long; stigma

capitate.

hameacr ok Transvaal; at Streyd Poort, in the Makapansberg Range,

This species may on account of the absence of sterile flowers belong to some

other genus.

XI. PUPALIA, Juss.

Flowers in fascicles spicately arranged, central flower perfect, the

others reduced to stellate bunches of hooked spines. Perianth

5-partite, not hardened at the base ; segments subequal, acuminate,

Pupalia. | AMARANTACEZ (Cooke and Wright). 423

3-5-nerved. Stamens 5; filaments subulate, very shortly connate

at the base, without alternating staminodes; anthers 2-celled,

didymous. Ovary ovoid, tapering upwards into a slender style ;

stigma capitellate. Ovule solitary, pendulous from a long funicle.

Utricle enclosed in the perianth, ovoid, compressed, membranous,

indehiscent. Seed lenticular ; testa thinly crustaceous ; aril none ;

embryo surrounding the floury albumen ; cotyledons linear, flat.

Herbs or subshrabs, tomentose or nearly glabrous, trichotomously branched ;

leaves opposite, petiolate, broad, quite entire ; spikes simple or branched ; flowers

green ; bracts scarious.

Distrip. Species about 6, in Tropical Africa, the Mascarene Islands and

Tropical Asia.

Leaves tomentose on both surfaces; awns of barren

flowers yellow ... e me ‘ ... (1) lappacea,

Leaves glabrous or sparingly bairy; awns of barren

flowers purple ... ‘she oe ee ae ... (2) atropurpurea.

1. P. lappacea (Juss. in Ann. Mus. Par. ii. [1803] 132) ; a large

straggling undershrub ; branches terete, tomentose ; leaves 144 in.

long, 4-2 in. wide, elliptic or ovate, acute or acuminate, rounded or

shortly cuneate at the base, finely apiculate, tomentose on both

surfaces, ciliate ; main nerves conspicuous beneath ; petioles qo—i in.

long ; flowers in close or distant clusters arranged in terminal

spikes 4-10 in, long; rhachis tomentose ; bracts ovate, acuminate,

pungent ; villous, {—} in. long ; bracteoles ovate-oblong, apiculate,

concave, } in. long, } in. wide ; sterile flowers subtended by a small

lanceolate bract, reduced to bunches of unequal stellately spreading -

hooked awns, woolly below, enlarged and yellow in fruit ; perianth-

segments } in. long, lanceolate, aristate, 3-nerved, densely clothed

with white wool; utricle membranous, very thin, oblong, suddenly

and shortly tapering at the apex into the long persistent style ;

seed ,!, in. long, ,'; in. wide, ellipsoid, compressed, smooth, shining,

black. Moguin in DC. Prodr, xiii. ii, 331; A. Rich. Tent. Fil.

Abyss. ii. 217; Hook. Niger Fl. 494; Garcke in Peters, Reise

Mossamb. Bot. 504; Aschers. in Schweinf, Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 180 ;

Schinz in Engl. & Prantl, PAlanzenfam. iii. la, 93, figs. E, H, and

108 ; in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. Append. ii. 164, v. Append. iii. 65,

and in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 173; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr.

207; Durand & De Wild. in Comptes-rendus Soc. Bot. Belg.

xxxvi. 85; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 724 ; Baker & C. B. Cl. in

Dyer, Trop. Afr. vi. i. 47. P. styracifolia, Juss. ex Steud. Nomencl.

ed. i, 269, 669. Achyranthes lappacea, Linn. Sp. PI. ed. i, 204.

Desmochzeta flavescens, DO. Cat. Hort. Monspel. 1813, 102. Pupal

lappacea, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 891. Pupal-Valli,

Rheede, Hort. Malab. vii. 81, t. 43.

Coasr Reaton : Uitenhage Div. ; Enon, Prior! Albany Div.; on the rocks of

Zwartwater Poort, Burchell, 3398 ! :

Centrat Recron: Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet, 2600 ft., Bolus,

562!

424 AMARANTACE& (Cooke and Wright). | Pupalia.

Katanart Recon: Griqualand West ; on the Asbestos Mountains and on plains

at their foot between Witte Water and Griquatown, Burchell, 1972! 2053/'!

2088! Transvaal; between Delagoa Bay and Pretoria, Bolus, 9752! Wonderboom

Poort, 4550 ft., Rehmann, 4546 ! Miss Leendertz, 614! Warmbath, Miss Leendertz,

2089 ! Fourteen Streams, Burtt-Davy, 1594! Klippan, Rehmann, 5298!

Eastern Reaion: Natal; in ‘‘Thorns” near Weenen, 300-4000 ft., Wood,

4480 !

Also in Tropical Africa and Asia,

2. P. atropurpurea (Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 331); a

biennial or annual herb, 2-5 ft. high; branches long, straggling,

cylindric, glabrous or pubescent, slightly ribbed, often tinged with

purple ; leaves 1-4 in. long, 3-2 in. wide, ovate or elliptic-lanceolate,

acuminate, mucronate, glabrous or with scattered hairs, rounded or

cuneate at the base ; petiole up to 4 in. long; flowers in sessile

clusters in lax pedunculate terminal spikes 1-10 in. long, the

imperfect ones reduced to hooked purple awns; bracts broadly

ovate, pungent, persistent, ;4,—1 in. long; bracteoles similar to the

bracts; perianth-segments ovate-lanceolate, aristate, clothed with

cottony wool, 3-nerved ; utricle thinly membranous; seed oblong-

ellipsoid, ,1, in. long, +}, in. wide. A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 218 ;

Hook. Niger Fl. 494 ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 723 ; Baker & C. B. Cl.

_in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 48; Schinz in Engl. & Prantl, Pflan-

zenfam. iii. 1a, 93, fig. F, and 108, and in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 173.

Achyranthes atropurpurea, Lam. Encycl. i. 546. Desmocheta atro-

purpurea, DC. Cat. Hort. Monsp. 1813, 102; Drége, Zwei Pf.

Documente, 127, 133, 159. :

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div.; in woods at Galgebosch, under 1000 ft.,

Drége, near Strand Fontein and Matjes Fontein, under 500 ft., Drége; Van

Stadens River, under 200 ft., Drége; Enon, under 500 ft., Drége, and without

precise locality, Zeyher, 554 !

EAsTERN Recion: Pondoland ; St. Johns River, Drége! Natal ; near Durban,

Peddie! Rehmann, 8744! coastland, Sutherland! and without precise locality,

Gerrard, 546!

XII. PSILOTRICHUM, Blume.

Flowers hermaphrodite, bracteate and bibracteolate. Perianth

chaffy, 5-partite, persistent and becoming hard ; segments linear or

ovate-oblong, concave, sometimes gibbous at the base, strongly

nerved, usually villous outside, glabrous within. Stamens 5 ; fila-

ments unequal, linear or subulate, united at the base into a cup;

staminodes 0 ; anthers short or long, 2-celled. Ovary subglobose or

oblong ; style slender ; stigma capitate or bifid; ovule suspended

from a long basal funicle. Utricle membranous, indehiscent, enclosed

in the hardened base of the perianth. Seed lenticular ; testa coria-

ceous or crustaceous ; aril 0 ; embryo surrounding the floury albu-

men ; cotyledons rather flat.

Herbs or shrubs, trichotomously branched, glabrous to woolly ; branches terete ;

leaves opposite, ovate or elliptic-lanceolate, quite entire; flowers in spikes or

Psilotrichum.] AMARANTACE& (Cooke and Wright). 425

heads, solitary and axillary or paniculately arranged ; flowers white or greenish ;

bracts or bracteoies small, hyaline.

Disrrip. Species about 20 (some imperfectly known), chiefly in ‘Tropical Asia

and Africa, a few in the Sandwich Islands.

1. P. africanum (Oliv. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1542); a branched

undershrub ; branches puberulous or glabrous, terete ; leaves oppo-

site, ovate or ovate-elliptic, #-2 in. long, 4-1 in. wide, acute, usually

cuneate at the base, with scattered hairs on both surfaces or

glabrous ; petiole 2-3 lin. long, pubescent; spikes up to 4 lin.

long, of few clusters, axillary and terminal on short peduncles ;

bracts ovate, acuminate, 1 lin. long, densely silky ; bracteoles 2,

broadly ovate, concave, glabrous, midrib stout and excurrent ;

perianth-segments about 2 lin. long, the 2 outer slightly larger

than the inner, lanceolate, silky outside ; staminal cup } lin. long; —

filaments subulate, 1 lin. long; anthers subglobose ; ovary oblong,

tapering into a short subulate style ; stigma capitate. Oliv. in

Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. ii. 348; Schinz in Engl. & Prantl,

Pflanzenfam. iii. 1a, 111 and 112, fig. 65, and in Engl. Pfl. Ost-

Afr. 0.173; OC. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 58.

Eastern Recron : Natal, Gerrard, 594! Zululand ; Indulendi, 1000-2000 tt. ;

i hoa 3956! Portuguese East Africa; Ressano Garcia, 1000 ft., Schlechter,

Also in Tropical Africa,

XIII. BRVA, Forsk.

Flowers hermaphrodite, polygamous or dicecious, bracteate and

2-bracteolate, small, in dense cylindric terminal and axillary

solitary or paniculate spikes. Perianth usually of 5 segments, not

indurated at the base ; segments equal or the 3 interior narrower,

oblong or lanceolate, all or the 3 interior only softly woolly.

Stamens usually 5; filaments usually unequal, linear-subulate,

united at the base into a cup with interposed staminodes ; anthers

2-celled. Ovary 1-celled ; ovule solitary, suspended from the apex

of an elongate funicle ; style short or long ; stigmas 2 or stigma

capitellate. Uztricle enclosed in the perianth, membranous. Seed

ovoid or reniform, compressed ; testa thinly coriaceous ; embryo

peripheric, surrounding farinaceous albumen ; radicle superior.

Wooliy herbs or undershrubs ; leaves usually alternate, entire, flat; flowers

minute, white or ferruginous. :

Distrip. Species 10, in the warmer parts of Asia and Africa.

Spikes running out into terminal leafless panicles ;

perianth up to 1} lin. long... ee oi .»» (1) leucura.

Spikes not running out into terminal panicles ; perianth

less than 1 lin. long ‘ eas sis ... (2) lanata.

426 AMARANTACEA (Cooke and Wright). [ drva.

tee oe

style } lin. long; stigma 2, very short. Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 96 ;

Baker & C. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 39. Af. ambigua,

Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 302.

Sour Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1441!

Katawari ReGIon: Griqualand West ; Leeuwenkuil Valley, near Griqua Town,

Burchell, 1892! Klipfontein, Burchell, 2620! Dutoits Pan and Klip Drift, Tuck,

9! Orange River Colony; Modder River, Mrs. Barber, 15! Bechuanaland ;

Batlapin Territory, Holub! Transvaal ; near Pretoria, 5200 ft., Schlechter, 4146 !

McLea in Herb, Bolus, 3132! 5782! Magalies Berg, Burke! Rimers Creek, near

Barberton, Thorncroft, 410! Galpin, 912! Klerksdorp, Nelson, 222! Vaal River,

Burke! near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1253; Springbok Flats, Burtt-Davy, 2344!

Warm Bath, Miss Leendertz, 2007! Potgieters Rust, Miss Leendertz, 1133!

Houtbosch, Rehmann, 5972!

Also in Tropical Africa.

2. H. lanata (Juss. in Ann. Mus. Par. ii. [1803] 131); 14-3 ft.

high ; stems erect or ascending, suffruticose below, branched, terete,

striatulate, pubescent or woolly-tomentose ; leaves alternate, }-1} in.

long, 2-8 in. wide on the main stem, smaller on the branches ;

elliptic or obovate or suborbicular, obtuse or acute, entire, pubescent

above, more or less white-woolly (especially when young) beneath,

very shortly or not mucronulate; nerves beneath scarcely con-

spicuous ; petioles 2—4 lin. long ; flowers white or greenish, in small

dense axillary woolly heads or spikes }~-} in. long, often crowded

and forming globose clusters, the upper spikes not running into

leafless terminal panicles ; bracteoles less than } lin. long, ovate,

concave, apiculate, hyaline; perianth 3 lin. long, woolly ; sepals

subequal, oblong, the 2 outer very shortly and finely apiculate, all

woolly ; stamens united into a tube with interposed staminodes

shorter than the filaments; ovary subglobose ; style about } lin.

long ; stigmas 2, minute; seeds rather more than } lin. long,

slightly broader than long, subreniform, black, smooth, shining.

Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii, 303; Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 96 ;

Baker & ©. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 39; A. Rich. Tent.

Fl. Abyss. ii. 214; Oliver in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 141 ; Hook. f.

Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 728. Achyranthes lanata, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1.

204.

Arva. | AMARANTACE (Cooke and Wright). 427

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Drége!

KALAHARI REGION : Transvaal ; Scheer Poort, Miss Leendertz, 131a!

Eastern Recron: Natal; around Durban Bay, Krauss, 298 (by error 198)!

near Durban, Wood, 200! Inanda, Wood, 629.

Also in Tropical Africa, India and Malaya.

XIV. CALICOREMA, Hook. f.

Flowers subcapitate or spicate, hermaphrodite, bracteate and

2-bracteolate. Perianth coriaceous, 5-partite, not or moderately

indurated at the base; segments clothed on the back and margins

with straight silky-white hairs not longer than the sepals, the

2 exterior sepals oblong-lanceolate muticous 3-nerved, the 3 interior

narrower. Stamens 5; filaments filiform, united at the base by a

membranous tube and with interposed short broad erose staminodes ;

anthers 2-celled. Ovary ovoid, glabrous, attenuated into an elongated

slender style ; ovule suspended from the apex of an elongate funicle ;

stigma capitellate.

A rigid branched shrub ; branches robust, terete, woody ; leaves scattered,

small, narrow, cylindric, obtuse, glabrous, fleshy, sulcate above, narrower than the

branchlets ; flowers subspicately arranged at the apices of branches, solitary or

~ fasciculate ; rhachis of the inflorescence robust ; bracts and bracteoles short boat-

shaped hyaline, much shorter than the perianth.

Disrrip. Species 1 in Tropical and South Africa.

1. C. capitata (Hook. f. in Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 35) ;

a short much-branched undershrub ; branches alternate, terete,

thick, ashy-grey, the younger tomentose ; leaves all alternate, few,

scattered, cylindric, obtuse, up to } in. long, about 4 lin. broad,

glabrous ; nerves not conspicuous ; heads of flowers reaching } in.

long and rather broader than long ; bracteoles 24 lin. long, broadly

ovate, obtuse, concave, glabrous, hyaline ; perianth reaching 5 lin.

long, silky-hairy ; 2 outer sepals longer and broader than the inner,

all lanceolate, acute, 3-nerved ; filaments rather more than | lin.

long ; staminodes very short, ovate, obtuse ; anthers more than } lin.

long, oblong ; ovary glabrous ; style 2 lin. long ; stigma capitellate.

Sericocoma capitata, Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 308; Baker &

C. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 42,

Sout Arrica: without locality, Drége, 2914! ;

Western Recton: Little Namaqualand ; banks of the Orange River, Schlechter,

11473 ! Little Bushmanland ; Naroep, Schlechter !

Also in Tropical Africa.

XV. ACHYRANTHES, Linn.

Flowers hermaphrodite, deflexed when old ; bracts and bracteoles

spinescent. Perianth-segments 4-5, aristate, becoming hardened and

ribbed. Stamens 2-5 ; filaments subulate, connate at the membra-

428 AMARANTACEZ (Cooke and Wright). [Achyranthes.

nous base ; anthers 2-celled ; staminodes toothed or with a toothed

scale on the back. Ovary oblong, slightly compressed, 1-celled ;

ovule solitary, pendulous from a long basal funicle ; style filiform ;

stigma capitellate.

Herbs ; leaves opposite, entire, petiolate ; flowers in slender simple or panicled

spikes.

ey Species about 15, in the warm parts of the Old World.

Leaves pubescent; bracts 1} lin. long... as --. (1) aspera.

Leaves densely velvety ; bracts 3 lin. long ... (2) robusta.

1. A. aspera (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 204) ; an erect hairy branched

herb, 1-4 ft. high; branches terete or obsoletely quadrangular,

striate ; leaves elliptic or obovate, obtuse or subacute, pubescent on

both surfaces, 14-3 in. long, 1-14 in. wide ; petiole 3-9 lin. long;

spikes in flower 2—4 in. long, in fruit lengthening to 20 in. ; bracts

1} in. long, broadly ovate, acuminate, aristate, membranous, per-

sistent ; bracteoles as long as the bracts, broadly ovate, spinescent,

becoming hard and falling off with the fruit ; perianth-segments

subequal, 2-3 lin. long, ovate-oblong, acute, membranous and white

on the margins ; stamens 5 ; staminodes quadrate, fimbriate ; ovary

depressed, obovoid, granular at the top; utricle oblong, truncate,

thinly membranous, about 1 lin. long, enclosed in the hardened per-

sistent perianth and bracteoles, smooth, brown; seed ellipsoid ;

Sour Arrica : without locality, Sieber! Wallich! Drége !

Coast Recion: Cape Div. ; Table Mountain, Milne, 212! Prior! Bolus, 4007!

Alexander! Groot Schuur, Wolley-Dod, 567! near Cape Town, 500 ft., Bolus,

2913! Rondebosch, Pappe! Uitenhage Div. ; near Uitenhage, Prior! near Sand

Fontein and Matjes Fontein, Drege ! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 3050 ! and without

precise locality, Zeyher, 555 !

CENTRAL ReGIoN : Somerset Div. ; at the foot of the Bosch Berg, MacOwan,

1522! Albert Div., Cooper, 1352!

Katanari Recon : Griqualand West ; in Leeuwenkuil Valley, at Griquatown,

Burchell, 1894! Orange River Colony; Mudriver Drift, Rehmann, 3568! Vet

River, Burke! Transvaal ; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1263 ! Pretoria, Miss Leendertz,

60! Rooiplaat, Miss Leendertz, 798! 799! hill sides near Barberton, 2800 ft.,

Galpin, 920! Potgieters Rust, Miss Leendertz, 1950 !

‘Eastern Recion: Natal; near Durban, Gerrard, 492! Wood, 7203! and

without precise locality, Cooper, 1162! Griqualand East; Clydesdale 2500 ft.,

Vyson, 2681 ! and without precise locality, T'yson !

A weed in the hotter parts of the Old World.

2. A. robusta (C. H. Wright) ; a robust herb ; branches ribbed,

densely pubescent ; nodes swollen ; leaves broadly ovate or almost

orbicular, 3 in. long, 2} in. wide, densely velvety on both surfaces,

Achyranthes.| | AMARANTACEH (Cooke and Wright). 429

thick ; main nerves prominent on the under surface; petiole rigid,

up to 9 lin. long, channelled above, convex beneath ; spikes terminal,

up to 10 in. long; rhachis white-woolly ; bracts 3 lin. long, lanceo-

late, acuminate, scarious, woolly at the base and on the margins,

midrib strong ; bracteoles 14 lin. long, ovate and scarious at the

base, with a very strong long-excurrent midrib, white-woolly ;

perianth-segments 2 lin. long, the 2 outer slightly larger than the

inner, broadly lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous ; stamens 5; filaments

subulate ; anthers oblong; staminodes } as long as the filaments,

quadrate, ciliate along the top; ovary globose ; style filiform, as

long as the perianth.

Kabanart Recion: Transvaal ; Batloaka Kraals, Nelson, 408 !

Eastern Recon: Natal; near Durban, 100 ft., Wood, 7202! Peddie! Inanda,

1800 ft., Wood, 4! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 544!

Imperfectly known species.

3. A. acuminata (E. Meyer in Drage, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 159) ;

resembling A. aspera, L., but differing in the leaves being up to 4 in.

long and 3 in. wide, subacuminate, green and subglabrous; the

flowers reflexed and the perianth } longer than the bracts. Sonder

in Linnea, xxiii. 96.

Eastern Recion: Natal ; Durban, Drége.

4, A. frumentacea (Burm. f. Fl. Cap. Prodr.7); stems branched ;

spikes slender, corn-bearing.

Sourn Arrica : without locality.

5. A. hamosa (Burchell, Trav. 8. Afr. i. 308, without description).

Centra, Rearon: Prieska Div. ; at Keikams (Modder Gat) Poort, Burchell,

1621/?.

The name was given by Burchell to a plant raised in his garden at Fulham from

seed he collected ‘in the pass through the mountains near Modder Gat,’’ of

which no specimen appears to have been preserved.

26); stem shrubby, hirsute ; leaves elliptic, rather glabrous, verti-

cillate ; bracts scarious, white. Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 318.

Sourn AFrica: without locality, Thunberg.

This spe +ies is not included in Thunberg’s Flora Capensis.

XVI. ACHYROPSIS, Hook. f.

Flowers hermaphrodite. Perianth 4—5-partite, glabrous, not be-

coming hardened at the base ; segments oblong, subacute, shining.

Stamens 4—5 ; filaments subulate, connected by a basal membrane ;

staminodes quadrate, sometimes fimbriate ; anthers with 2 globose

cells. Ovary ovoid or oblong, compressed ; ovule solitary, suspended

430 AMARANTACE (Cooke and Wright). [ Achyropsis.

from a long basal funicle. Uftricle enclosed by the perianth, mem-

branous, indehiscent. Seed ovoid or lenticular ; testa brownish,

thinly coriaceous ; aril 0 ; embryo surrounding the fleshy albumen ;

cotyledons flat.

Erect trichotomously branched undershrubs ; leaves opposite or fascicled,

narrow, quite entire ; nerves inconspicuous; flowers small, white, arranged in

axillary spikes or terminal panicles ; bracts membranous ; bracteoles in pairs.

Disrris. Species 2, one extending into Tropical Africa.

Flowers 5-merous; perianth 14 lin. long; staminodes

fringed ... pe shes ms : ... (1) avicularis.

Flowers usually 4-merous ; perianth 1 lin. long ; staminodes

not fringed ere ee =e ... (2) leptostachya.

Eastern Recion :; Natal; near Durban, Drege !

2. A. leptostachya (Hook. f. in Beath. et Hook. f. Gen. PI.

iii, 36); a branched undershrub 1-1} ft. high ; stem terete, or

tetragonous in the upper part, ribbed ; branches pubescent, ascend-

ing ; leaves subsessile or shortly petiolate, narrowly oblong, obtuse,

very shortly mucronate, up to 14 lin. long and 5 lin. wide (usually

much smaller), sparingly pubescent above, whitish villous beneath ;

midrib prominent beneath; spikes up to 1} lin. long, on slender

rigid silky peduncles nearly as long as the spikes ; bracts very

short, ovate, entire, shortly mucronate, shining ; perianth-segments

4, elliptic, concave, obtuse, glabrous, | lin. long ; stamens 4; filaments

subulate ; staminodes quadrate, not fringed ; anthers ovate ; utricle

subglobose, green ; seed nearly lenticular, black. Baker & C. B. Cl.

in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi.i. 66. A. alba, Hook. f. lc. Achyranthes

alba, Eckl. & Zeyh. ex Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 311 ; Sonder in

Linnea, xxiii. 96. A. leptostachya, E. Meyer ex Meisn. in Hook.

Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. (1843), 548, by error 448. Psilotrichum

densiflorum, Lopr. in Malpighia, xiv. 453. Paronychia capensis,

Spreng. in Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 96.

Coast Rgaron : Uitenhage Div. ; by the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 56 ! 3612!

Prior! Bathurst Div. ; near Port Alfred, Burchell, 4031! Galpin, 2965 ! Komgha

aa . Banks of the Kei River, under 500 ft , Drege! British Kaffraria, Cooper,

1S :

Achyropsis.| AMARANTACE& (Cooke and Wright). 431

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; Linokana, Holub! Streyd Poort, Rehmann,

5719! Lydenburg, Wilms, 1256! ‘

Eastern Region: Pondoland; among scrub, Isunka, Port St. John, 100 ft.,

Galpin, 2865! Griqualand East ; near Clydesdale, Tyson, 2780! and in Bolus &

MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr., 1225! Natal; Durban, (rant! coast-land, Suther-

land! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 604 !

Also in Tropical Africa.

XVII. TELANTHERA, Moquin.

Flowers hermaphrodite, subtended by a bract and 2 bracteoles.

Perianth-segments 5, equal or unequal, erect, glabrous or villous.

Stamens 5; filaments filiform above, united into a tube below ;

staminodes long ligulate, laciniate at. the apex ; anthers oblong,

l-celled. Style short ; stigma capitate. Utricle obovoid, enclosed

by the persistent perianth. Seed lenticular or oblong; embryo

annular, surrounding the floury albumen.

Erect or decumbent herbs or undershrubs, usually much-branched and hairy ;

leaves opposite ; flowers in terminal or axillary clusters.

Distr1B, Species about 50, chiefly on the shores of South America.

eee owe

lenticular, obtuse at the margin, shining blackish. 7. maritima,

Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 2, 319.

SourH AFrica: without locality, Sparmann.

Also in Senegambia, the type on the shores of Tropical Africa and South

America.

XVIII, ALTERNANTHERA, Forsk.

Flowers hermaphrodite, small, white, bracteate and bibracteolate.

Perianth-segments 5, unequal, the 2 innermost concave. Stamens 2-5 ;

filaments concave at the base; anthers l-celled. Staminodes long or

short. Ovary obovoid or obcordate ; ovule solitary, pendulous from

a long basal funicle ; style very short ; stigma capitellate. Uftricle

compressed, sometimes with thickened or winged margins ; coty-

ledons narrow ; radicle superior.

432 AMARANTACE (Cooke and Wright). [A/ternanthera.

Herbaceous or slightly woody; leaves opposite ; flowers in axillary, often

clustered heads.

Distris. Species about 16, chiefly in Australia and Tropical America; 3 in

Tropical Africa.

Woody ; outer perianth-segments spiny ... one ... (1) Achyrantha.

Herbaceous ; outer perianth-segments not spiny ... (2) sessilis.

1. A. Achyrantha (R. Br. Prodr. i. 417) ; stems slightly woody,

procumbent, 1-2 ft. long, terete, pilose, much-branched ; leaves

ovate or obovate, very obtuse, mucronate, tapering into the petiole,

entire, $-14 in. long, 5 lin. wide, glabrous above, softly pilose

beneath ; heads in axillary and subterminal clusters of 2-3, ovoid,

about 5 lin. in diam., spiny ; bracts about 3 lin. long, lanceolate,

pungent, finely denticulate in the upper part ; bracteoles slightly

shorter and narrower ; perianth-segments slightly unequal, about

2 lin. long, the outer lanceolate-subulate, finely denticulate near the

apex, the anticous elliptic, laciniate and shortly mucronate at the

apex, the 2 inner smaller, concave, bearded on the back ; filaments

filiform ; staminodes shorter than the filaments, triangular, acute,

entire ; utricle about } as long as the perianth, truncate or slightly

bidentate at the apex; seed ovoid, compressed. Moguin in DC.

Prodr. xiii. ii. 358. A. echinata, Sm. in Rees, Cyclop. Suppl. n. 10

(1819); Moquin in le. 360 ; Baker & C. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr.

vi. i. 74; Seubert in Mart. Fl. Bras. v. i. 183, t. 55. A. repens,

Steud. Nomencl. Bot. ed. 2, i. 65.* Achyrantha repens, Linn. Sp. Pl.

ed. i. 205, not of Forsk. Illecebrum Achyrantha, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed.

ii, 299.

Katanart Recon: Griqualand West; Barkly West, Patons Farm, ‘‘ New-

lands,” MacOwan, 3396! Transvaal; Daspoort, Miss Leendertz, 585!

Eastern Recion : Tembuland ; Umtata, Polus, 8305!

_ A native of Tropical South America, but now becoming a troublesome weed in

Tropical and South Africa.

2. A. sessilis (R. Br. Prodr. i. 417); stem herbaceous, creeping,

jointed, slightly pubescent; leaves ovate-lanceolate or obovate-

oblong, obtuse, up to 1} in. long and } in. wide, tapering into a

short petiole, glabrous or minutely puberulous, entire ; heads sub-

sessile in subglobose clusters of 2-4 in the axils of and shorter than

the leaves ; bracts ovate, mucronate, not spiny ; bracteoles a little

longer than the bracts; perianth-segments 1 lin. long, ovate, acumi-

nate, minutely denticulate ; filaments subulate ; staminodes as long

as the filaments, subulate, entire ; utricle obcordate, slightly longer

ee oe

Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 896; Baker & C. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Afr, vi. i. 73. Illecebrum sessile, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed, ii. 300.

Alternanthera.| | AMARANTACEA (Cooke and Wright), 433

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; Rooiplaat, Miss Leendertz, 765! and without

precise locality, Kirk, 111!

Eastern Reston: Natal; Valley of the Umlazi River, Drége! near Durban,

Krauss, 221! Clairmont, Wood, 3839 !

Also in Tropical Asia and Australia,

XIX. GOMPHRENA, Linn,

Flowers hermaphrodite, bracteate and bibracteolate. Perianth

5-partite or 5-fid, usually woolly at the base; segments unequal or

equal, lanceolate, acuminate, concave, rarely flat and obtuse.

Staminal-tube long, included or exserted, with 5 emarginate or bifid

lobes at the top; staminodes usually absent; anthers 1-celled.

Ovary turbinate or subglobose; style short or long ; stigmas 2,

rarely 3, subulate or filiform; ovule solitary, suspended from a

basal funicle. Utricle ovoid or oblong, compressed, sometimes

hardened at the base. Seed lenticular, smooth; embryo annular

with narrow or obovate cotyledons ; albumen floury.

Erect or prostrate branched herbs, usually thickened at the nodes, hairy ;

leaves opposite, sessile or subsessile, quite entire ; flowers in heads (rarely spikes),

naked or involucrate, often solitary and sessile at the top of the branches, white

or ek ; bracteoles short or long, concave, keeled or winged on the back or

crested,

Distrip. Species about 90, in Central and South America,

1. G. globosa (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 224); an erect or ascending

much-branched annual, 14-3 ft. high; stems terete, pilose ; leaves

oblong, 1-3 in. long, 4-1 in. wide, mucronate, with numerous long

soft hairs on both surfaces ; petiole 2-6 lin. long, slightly amplexi-

caul at the base; heads terminal, solitary or 2-3 together, globose,

6 lin. in diam., many-flowered ; rhachis villous ; bracts ovate-trian-

gular, acuminate, mucronate ; bracteoles twice as long as the bracts,

oblong, acute, very concave, crested on the back ; perianth-segments

4-5 lin. long, woolly, narrowly lanceolate, keeled, white or purplish ;

stamens shorter than the perianth ; ovary oblong ; style rather long,

slender ; stigmas 2, linear; utricle ovoid-oblong, white ; seed com-

pressed, rostrate, yellowish. Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 409 ;

Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 732; Baker & C. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Ale .1. 75,

Kananart Recron: Transvaal; roadsides, Barberton, Burtt-Davy, 274!

Haamans Kraal, Pretoria District, Burtt- Davy, 1099! Potgieters Rust,

Miss Leendertz, 1888 ! s

Eastern Region: Natal; roadsides, near Durban, Grant! Wood, 1929!

A weed throughout the warmer parts of the world,

Orper CX. CHENOPODIACE:.

(By C. H. Wricut.)

Flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual, usually regular, naked or

bracteate. Perianth simple, 3-5-lobed, or absent from the female

VOL. V.—-SECT, I. 2F

434 CHENOPODIACE# (Wright).

flowers, accrescent or unchanged after flowering, membranous,

herbaceous or chartaceous, naked, tuberculate or winged ; segments

usually imbricate in bud. Stamens as many as the perianth-lobes

and opposite them, or fewer, hypogynous or perigynous, usually

without staminodes; filaments subulate, filiform or compressed,

free, rarely connate at the base; anthers dorsifixed, 2-celled ; con-

nective sometimes produced at the apex. Disk none, rarely annular.

Ovary superior, sometimes immersed in the base of the perianth,

1-celled ; style short or long and simple with a 2—3-lobed stigma, or

styles 2-3, long and papillose at the apex, or stigmas 2-3, sessile,

filiform, papillose all over ; ovule solitary, amphitropous, erect on a

short funicle, or suspended from a long basal funicle. Fruit a

usually indehiscent utricle enclosed in and falling off with the

perianth. Seed erect or horizontal, lenticular, subglobose or reni-

form ; testa various, smooth or granular ; embryo annular or spiral,

surrounding the floury or fleshy albumen, albumen absent in Sali-

cornia ; cotyledons usually narrow.

Annual or perennial herbs, or shrubs, rarely small trees, glabrous, farinose,

lepidote or hairy, sometimes fleshy ; stems continuous or jointed, erect or

decumbent ; leaves alternate, rarely opposite, flat or cylindrical, usually entire,

sometimes sinuate, exstipulate ; inflorescence various, often of clusters arranged

in spikes or panicles, sometimes dichotomously cymose, or flowers solitary and

axillary,

Distris. Genera about 80, and species about 520, cosmopolitan ; many are

weeds of cultivation.

* CycLoLoBes. Embryo annular ; albumen copious, except in Salicornia.

I. Chenopodium.—Herbs, rarely woody at the base, farinose or glandular-

pubescent, Leaves alternate. Flowers hermaphrodite, without

bracts or bracteoles ; perianth 3-5-lobed.

II. Roubieva.—A_ prostrate herb. Leaves alternate, pinnately lobed.

Flowers hermaphrodite or female by abortion, without bracts or

bracteoles ; perianth very shortly 5-lobed, urceolate and quite

enclosing the fruit.

Ill. Exomis——A dichotomously branched white scurfy shrub. Leaves

alternate. Flowers unisexual, the female with small bracteoles

unchanged in fruit and no perianth. :

IV. Atriplex.—Herbs or shrubs, more or less lepidote. Leaves usually

alternate. Flowers unisexual, the female with large accrescent

bracteoles and no perianth.

V. Chenolea.—Herbaceous, or woody at the base. Leaves alternate.

Flowers hermaphrodite and female, ebracteate ; bracteoles present.

Perianth in fruit inappendiculate or spiny.

VI. Kochia,—Herbs or small shrubs. eaves usually alternate. Flowers

hermaphrodite and female, without bracts or bracteoles. Perianth

in fruit horizontally winged.

VII. Salicornia,—Fleshy herbs or shrubs with articulate branches. Leaves

opposite, or opposite and alternate. Flowers hermaphrodite or

polygamous, immersed in the hollows of a fleshy rhachis.

CHENOPODIACE& (Wright). 435

** SPIROLOBEE. Embryo spiral ; albumen scanty or none.

VIII, Sueda.—Erect or prostrate herbs. or shrubs. eaves ternate, fleshy,

more or less terete. Perianth in fruit not appendiculate or with

horns.

IX. Salsola.—Herbs or shrubs. eaves usually alternate, often spiny at the

apex. Perianth in fruit with a broad horizontal wing above the

middle.

i, CHENOPODIUM, Linn.

Flowers hermaphrodite, without bracts or bracteoles. Perianth 5-

(very rarely 1- 3- or 4-) lobed ; lobes concave, sometimes keeled but

not appendaged, unchanged in fruit. Stamens 5 or fewer, hypo-

gynous or subperigynous ; filaments sometimes connate at the base ;

anther-cells globose or oblong. Disk none or annular. Ovary usually

depressed-globose ; style usually absent ; stigmas 2~5, filiform or

subulate, free, rarely connate below; ovule subsessile. Utricle

ovoid and erect or globose and depressed, membranous or rather

fleshy. Seed usually horizontal ; embryo annular or nearly so,

surrounding copious floury albumen.

Herbs, rarely woody at the base, annual or perennial, often glandular pubescent,

rarely glabrous ; leaves alternate, linear to deltoid, entire to pinnatifid ; flowers

minute, in globose clusters, which are solitary and axillary or in terminal spikes

or racemes.

Distrip. Species about 50, chiefly in temperate regions, rare in the tropics,

Except possibly C. Botrys and fetidum, the species described have probably been

introduced into 8. Africa with cultivation,

Flowers in globose axillary clusters :

Perianth 3-merous ; stamen solitary ... ae ... (1) Blitum.

Perianth 5-merous ; stamens 5 ,.. is fue «..» (2) rubrum,

Flowers in spicate axillary clusters: |

Perianth completely enclosing the fruit ee ... (8) ambrosioides.

Perianth not completely enclosing the fruit :

Leaves entire .., uy pe te - ... (4) polyspermum.

Leaves toothed ... ey he i es ... (5) glaucum,

Flowers in dense panicles near the apex of the stem :

Leaves longer than the cymes, coarsely serrate ... (6) murale.

Upper leaves shorter than the cymes : :

Perianth-segments not keeled ins aed ... (7) Vulvaria,

Perianth-segments strongly keeled ... ne ... (8) album.

Flowers in diffuse axillary filiform cymes :

Leaves glandular pubescent Me i Be .»» (9) Botrys.

Leaves almost glabrous ... 9... vse vee =~ vwe (10) feotidum.

1. C. Blitum (F. Muell. Sel. Pl. Industr. ed. ii. 49) ; a very variable

plant; stem erect, angular, branched; leaves deltoid or oblong-

triangular, acute, deeply sinuate-toothed, thinly membranous,

glabrous, 2 in. long, 1} in. wide ; petiole up to 2} in. long; flowers

in simple glomerules in the axils of the upper reduced leaves ;

perianth reddish ; segments usually 3, ovate, cone not keeled,

(2.82

436 CHENOPODIACEE (Wright). | Chenopodium.

Souts Arrica: Without locality, Prior !

Centra Recron: Graaff Reinet Div. ; Sneeuw Berg, 5300 ft., Bolus, 1863 !

Also in South Europe, the Orient and India.

2. C. rubrum (Linn. Sp. Pl, ed. i. 218); plant polymorphic ;

stem angular, branched, 1-2 ft. high, glabrous, sometimes reddish ;

leaves deltoid or deltoid-ovate, subobtuse, cuneate at the base,

sinuate or sinuate-dentate, 2-6 in. long, 8-15 lin. wide (9 by 5 lin.

in var. pseudobotryoides), rather thick, shining glaucous-green or

reddish, nerves prominent beneath ; glomerules simple or slightly

compound, the upper subspicate, leafy or not ; flowers dimorphic,

3-1 lin. long, sessile, glabrous ; terminal flowers : perianth 5-partite ;

stamens 5 ; seed horizontal ; lateral flowers: perianth-segments 2—3,

obovate, obtuse, not keeled; stamens 1-2; seed obtuse at the

margin, puncticulate, shining ; embryo annular. Curt. Fl. Lond. ili.

y Ra

Coast Recion: Cape Diy.; stream-bed near Kenilworth racecourse, Wolley-

Dod, 2465 !

Also in South Europe, the Orient and the Azores.

The South African plant belongs to the variety pseudobotryoides, H. C. Watson,

characterized by its prostrate habit and smaller leaves, but its author recorded in

the Botanical Exchange Club Report for 1868, 13, that under certain conditions it

developed into typical C. rubrum, Linn.

3. C. ambrosioides (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 219); stem herbaceous,

erect, branched, 1—2 ft. high, more or less pubescent ; leaves oblong,

acute at both ends, sinuate-dentate or subentire, thin, puberulous,

up to 4 in. long and 14 in. wide, shortly petiolate: flowers in

clusters spicately arranged amongst the uppermost often linear-

lanceolate and entire leaves; perianth-segments ovate, obtuse ;

stamens exserted ; filaments linear ; fruit entirely enclosed by the

rianth ; seed rounded at the margins, sometimes vertical. Willd.

v. 297.

Chenopodium. | CHENOPODIACE& (Wright). 437

SoutH AFrica: without locality, Pappe! Drége, 8029b! 8030 !

Coast REcion: Cape Div. ; flats near Claremont, Wolley-Dod, 2464! Castle

Ditch (forma coarctata), Wolley-Dod, 2462! Uitenhage Div. ; Uitenhage, Prior !

Albany Div. ; Grahamstown, MacOwan, 3409a! Queenstown Div. ; plains near

Queenstown, 3500 ft., Galpin, 2042! Shiloh, Baur, 789!

WEsTERN Region: Little Bushmanland ; Henkries, Schlechter !

KataHart Reaion: Transvaal; Pretoria, Miss Leendertz, 13! and without

precise locality, McLea in Herb. Bolus, 5783 !

Eastern Recion; Natal; Inanda, Wood, 1314! and without precise locality,

Gerrard, 245!

Also in Tropical Africa and widely spread as a weed in hot countries.

4. C. polyspermum (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 220); a procumbent or

suberect herb, branched from the base ; stem ribbed and more or

less angular ; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, obtuse, shortly mucro-

nate, quite entire, thin, glabrous, usually about 1$ in. long and

4 in. wide; petiole slender, 6 lin. long; flowers very numerous in

(sometimes clustered) spikes in the axils of much reduced leaves,

1 lin. in diam. ; perianth-segments elliptic, obtuse, patent, not com-

pletely enclosing the fruit ; stamens exserted ; seed acute at the

margin, shining, obscurely punctate; embryo annular. Moguin in

ii. 4. 112. ©. marginatum, Spreng. in Hornem. Hort. Hafn. i. 256.

Atriplex polysperma, Crantz, Inst. i. 207.

Var. 8, cymosum (Cheval. Flor. Env. Paris, ii. 885) ; leaves ovate or lanceolate,

rather obtuse; flowers in axillary much-branched cymes. Moguin in DC.

Prodr, le.

Coast Recon: British Kaffraria, Cooper, 8062! Var. 8: British Kaffraria,

Cooper, 3068 !

Also in Europe and N. Asia, introduced in N, America.

5. C. glaucum (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 220) ; a herb about 1 ft. high ;

stem prostrate or ascending, suleate, much-branched ; leaves ovate-

oblong, repand or remotely toothed, rarely entire, glabrous above,

farinose and pale green beneath, 14-2 in. long, 3-3 in. wide; mid-

rib prominent beneath; flowers in short dense axillary leafless

spikes, glabrous; perianth-segments obovate-oblong, obtuse, not

keeled, sometimes by abortion 3 or 4, not entirely covering the

fruit; fruit greenish above; seed sometimes vertical; embryo

annular. Fl. Dan. t. 1151; Moguin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 72;

Drege, Zwei Pfl. Docwmente, 49, 58; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4.

Atriplex glauca, Orantz, Inst. i. 207. Blitum glaucum, Koch, Syn.

Fl. Germ. ed. ii. 699.

Coast Region: Queenstown Div. ; on the plains between Table Mountain and

Wildschuts Berg, 4000 ft., Drége.

CENTRAL een Victoria ‘West Div. ; Nieuwveld between Brak River and

Uitvlugt, 3000-4000 ft., Drege.

Also in Europe and India.

6. C. murale (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 219); stem ascending up to

1} ft. high, suleate, branched ; leaves ovate or deltoid, up to 3 in,

438 CHENOPODIACEH (Wright). — [Chenopodium.

long and 1} in. wide (usually smaller in South African specimens),

coarsely and unequally toothed, acute, cuneate at the base, rather

thin, bright pale green on both surfaces, pulverulent above ; petiole

slender, rather shorter than the blade; cymes axillary, usually

shorter than the leaves ; flowers sessile, } lin. in diam. ; perianth-

segments elliptic, obtuse, slightly pulverulent outside, faintly keeled,

closed over the fruit; stamens exserted ; anthers minute, globose ;

seed lenticular, acute at the margin, dark brown or almost black,

# lin. in diam.; embryo annular. Curt. Fl. Lond. iii. t. 117;

Cap. ed. Schult. 246 ; Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 94, 104, 113;

Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. 0. 171; Bolus &

Wolley-Dod in Trans. 8S. Afr. Phil. Soc, xiv. iii. 311; Baker & C. B. Cl.

in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 78.

Coast REGIon: Cape Div. ; Oatland Point, Wolley-Dod, 2856! Lion Mountain,

under 500 ft., Drége! Uitenhage Div. ; Uitenhage, Zeyher, 471! Prior! Albany

Div. ; near Grahamstown, MacOwan, 3414 partly !

Katanart Recion: Transvaal; Pretoria, Miss Leendertz, 624! Burtt-Davy,

834! near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1207 !

Oo Sages REGION: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 235! near Pietermaritzburg, Wilms,

A cosmopolitan weed.

eee ee

Coast Region: Albany Div. ; near Grahamstown, MacOwan, 3414, partly!

Kingwilliams Town Div. ; banks of the Buffalo River near King Williams Town,

Galpin, 5939 ! ;

WEsTERN ReGIoN: Little Namaqualand; on hills at Brakdam, 2000 ft.,

Schlechter, 11159 !

CENTRAL REGION: Prince Albert Div. ; between Droogeheuvel and Jackhals

Fontein, 2500-3000 ft., Drége.

KaLaHari Recon : Transvaal ; Pretoria, Miss Leendertz, 12!

Also in Europe and North Africa.

8. C. album (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 219) ; an annual herb of variable

size ; stem erect, sulcate, branched, more or less mealy ; branches

erect ; leaves rhomboid-triangular, obtuse or acute, sinuately

toothed throughout or in the upper part only, or quite entire,

2-3 in. long, petiolate, the uppermost oblong or linear-lanceolate

and quite entire, pulverulent, green or white; flowers 1 lin. in

diam., in glomerules arranged in lateral and terminal spikes ;

Chenopodiwm. | CHENOPODIACE& (Wright). 439

perianth-segments navicular, strongly keeled and mealy outside,

completely enclosing the fruit; stamens about as long as the

perianth ; filaments complanate ; seed depressed, black, shining ;

embryo annular. Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 56, 59, 172 (var.

dentatum, Fenzl, and var. integrifolium, Fenzl); Moquin in DC.

Prodr. xiii. ii. 70, 460; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 171; Agric. Gaz.

N.S.W. 1905, 474; Clark & Fletcher, Farm Weeds of Canada, t. 40 ;

Bolus & Wolley-Dod in Trans. S. Afr. Phil. Soc. xiv. iii. 311;

Baker & C. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 77.

Coast Recon: Cape Div. ; Sandown Road, Rondebosch, Wolley-Dod, 2485 !

Centra, Recion : Beaufort West Div. ; Nieuweveld, between Rhinoster Kop

and Ganzefontein, 3000-4500 ft., Drége! Richmond Div. ; Uitvlugt, near

Steelkloof, 4000-5000 ft., Drége, 8028! Murraysburg Div. ; Murraysburg,

4000 ft., Tyson, 57! Graaff Reinet Div. ; Graaff Reinet, 2600 ft., Bolus, 74!

KanLaHart ReGiIon: Transvaal ; Byinsel Farm, Standerton, Burtt-Davy, 1801!

Warm Bath, Springbok Flats, Burtt-Davy, 2339 !

A cosmopolitan weed.

9. C. Botrys (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 219) ; stem herbaceous, erect,

ribbed, branched, glandular-pubescent, viscid ; leaves oblong, obtuse,

deeply pinnately and obtusely (often bipinnately) lobed, glandular-

pubescent on both surfaces, glaucous green, up to 2 in. long and

11 in. wide, the uppermost often lanceolate and entire; flowers

in very numerous divaricate cymes racemosely arranged in the

axils of much reduced leaves, } lin. in diam. ; perianth-segments

ovate, obtuse, scarcely enclosing the fruit, not keeled ; seed obtuse

at the margin, shining; embryo not forming a complete circle.

Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 75, 460; Burchell, Trav. S. Afr.

ii. 226; Sibth. Fl. Greca, t. 253; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 4;

Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 171; Britt. & Br. Ill. Fl. N.U.S.A. i. 574 ;

Baker & OC. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 79. Ambrina

Botrys, Moquin, Chenop. Enum. 37. Atriplex Botrys, Crantz, Inst.

i. 207. Botrydium aromaticum, Spach, Hist. Veg. Phan. v. 299.

Coast Reaion: Swellendam Div.; Swellendam, Bowie! Albany Div. ;

Grahamstown, MacOwan, 958! Queenstown Div.; near Queenstown, 3500 ft.,

Galpin, 2037! Shiloh, Baur, 943!

CEenTRAL REGION: Somerset Div. ; Somerset East, Bowker, 100! Graaff Reinet

Div. ; Graaff Reinet, 2600 ft., Bolus, 388! Albert Div., Cooper, 1375!

PAL vid Region: Little Namaqualand; Orange River near Verleptpram,

é.

A Reeron: Griqualand West; at Griqua Town, Burchell, 1955!

Transvaal ; Standerton, Burtt-Davy, 1780!

Eastern Recton : Natal; near the Mooi River, Wood, 4104! near the Umlaas

River, Wood, 1832!

Also in South Europe, the Orient, North Africa, Temperate Asia and North

America.

10. C. feetidum (Schrad. Mag. Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berl. 1808, 73,

not of Lam.); a herb 1-2 ft. high, slightly glandular-pubescent,

odour aromatic; stem erect, sulcate, sparingly branched ; leaves

440 CHENOPODIACE (Wright). = [ Chenopodiwm.

oblong, sinuately and obtusely lobed, almost glabrous, pale green

on both sides, the lower 4 in. long, the upper 14—2 in. long,

6-10 lin. wide; nerves slender, prominent beneath ; cymes shorter

than the subtending leaves, much-branched; branches filiform,

rigid; flowers minute, very shortly stalked; perianth-segments

ovate, subacute, glandular, with a finely toothed keel, not entirely

enclosing the fruit ; stamens exserted ; style short, branches fili-

form ; seed lenticular with obtuse margin, smooth. Moquin in DC.

Prodr. xiii. ii. 76; Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 171. ©. schraderianum,

Roem. d& Schult. Syst. vi. 260; C. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr.

vi. i. 80. Botrydium Schraderi, Spach, Hist. Veg. Phan. v. 299.

Ambrina foetida, Moquin, Chenop. Enum. 38.

SoutH Arrica : without locality.

Also in Tropical Africa, Central and South America.

Imperfectly known species.

11. C. mucronatum (Thunb. Prodr. 48) ; stem herbaceous, erect,

angular, very thinly pubescent, about 18 in. high; branches few,

near the apex of the stem ; leaves triangular, hastate with rounded

This may be a form of C. album, Linn.

II. ROUBIEVA, Mogquin.

Flowers minute, hermaphrodite or by abortion female, without

bracts or bracteoles. Perianth urceolate, shortly 5-lobed, almost

closed at the mouth in fruit ; lobes rounded, accrescent, coriaceous.

Stamens 5; filaments thick ; anthers ovoid. Disk 0. Ovary globose ;

stigmas 2-5, filiform or subulate, connate at the base; ovule sub-

sessile. Utricle subglobose or oblong, enclosed in the enlarged

perianth ; pericarp thinly membranous, Seed erect, orbicular,

slightly compressed ; testa smooth, crustaceous ; embryo annular,

surrounding the copious albumen.

Branched glandular-puberulous herbs; leaves small, alternate, subsessile,

sinuate-dentate or subpinnatifid ; fruits stalked, often subverticillate.

Disrris. Species 2, in tropical and temperate America, one widely spread in

the Old World.

1. R. multifida (Moquin in Ann. Sci. Nat. 2™ sér. i. 293); a

much-branched aromatic herb; stems up to 2 ft. long, prostrate,

striate; leaves pinnatifid with linear or lanceolate lobes, up to

Roubieva.| | CHENOPODIACE® (Wright). 441

1} in. long and 9 lin. wide, tapering downwards, shortly petiolate,

glandular-puberulous ; nerves prominent beneath; flowers sub-

sessile in axillary clusters ; perianth } lin. long, puberulous, in fruit

reticulately veined ; lobes ovate, subobtuse ; utricle oblong, whitish

with irregular orange spots; seed shortly beaked, blackish, shining,

rugose. Chenop. Enum. 43, and in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 80; Bolus

& Wolley-Dod in Trans. Phil. Soc. 8S. Afr. xiv. iii. 311. Atriplex

multifida, Crantz, Inst. i. 207. Chenopodium Payco, Roem. & Schult.

Syst. vi. 260. Ambrina pinnatisecta, Spach, Hist. Veg. Phan. v. 296.

Care Recion: Cape Div.; between Newlands Bridge and village, Wolley-

Dod, 2449! Albany Div. ; Grahamstown, MacOwan, 3411!

Katanari Recion: Transvaal ; Standerton, Burtt-Davy, 1783 !

Also in the Mediterranean region and South America.

III. EXOMIS, Fenzl.

Male flowers: Sepals 5, ovate or triangular, acute, concave.

Stamens 5 ; filaments filiform ; anthers ovate. Hermaphrodite flowers :

Sepals 3-5, sometimes none, very minute, slightly united below.

Staminodes none. Styles 2, united below, stigmatic on the inner

surface. Fruit fleshy, sometimes enclosed in the accrescent bracts ;

pericarp adherent to the seed. Seed vertical ; testa crustaceous ;

albumen copious, floury, surrounded by the annular embryo.

An ashy-grey shrub; leaves alternate, entire; flowers in terminal spikes or

axillary clusters, the male ebracteate, the hermaphrodite 2-bracteate.

Distris. Species 1, endemic.

1. EB. axyrioides (Fenzl ex Moquin, Chenop. Enum. 49) ; a shrub

1-2 ft. high ; branches rigid, 1-2 lin. in diam., ribbed when dry ;

leaves deltoid-ovate or elliptic, obtuse or subacute, }~-1 in. long,

3-5 lin. wide, quite entire, greyish green, glabrous or the upper-

most farinose ; midrib prominent beneath; petiole 1-3 lin. long ;

flowers in axillary clusters, sessile ; bracts narrowed below ; sepals

triangular or ovate, } lin. long; stamens about as long as the

sepals; fruit oblong; pericarp whitish ; seed compressed, obtuse

at the margin, smooth, black, shining. Moguin in DC. Prodr.

xiii. ii, 89; Drége, Zwei Pfl. Docwumente, 78 ; Melliss, Fi. St.

Helena, 314. Chenopodium pauciflorum, Herb. Vindob. ex Moquin in

DC. Prodr. 1.c.

Sourn Arrica ; without locality, Bergius !

Coast Recton: Cape Div. ; kloof between the Lions Head and Table Mountain,

Burchell, 249! Van Kamps Bay, 50 ft., MacOwan, 1619! and Herb. Austr.-Afr.,

1784! Castle ditch, Wolley-Dod, 2460! Tulbagh Div. ; New Kloof, 500-2000 tt.,

Drége, 80276! Schlechter, 9048! Caledon Div. ; Caledon, Zeyher! Hang Klip,

Mund & Maire. Uitenhage Div.; Enon, Baur, 1004! and without precise

locality, Zeyher, 71! Albany Div. ; Grahamstown, MacOwan !

442 CHENOPODIACEZ (Wright). | Lxomis.

CrentRAL Recon: Calvinia Div. ; Oorlogs Kloof, Onder Bokkeveld, 2200 ft.,

Schlechter, 10932 !

Katanari Recion : Griqualand West ; St. Clair, Douglas, Orpen, 166! Orange

River Colony ; Bloemfontein, Potts, 491!

This species varies much in the density or otherwise of its habit.

IV. ATRIPLEX, Linn.

Flowers moneecious or diccious. Male flowers without bracts or

bracteoles. Perianth 3—5-partite ; segments obovate or oblong,

obtuse. Stamens 3-5, inserted at the base of the perianth ; fila-

ments free or connate at the base; anthers 2-lobed. Rudiment of

ovary none or conical. Female flowers bibracteolate ; bracteoles

accrescent, in fruit dilated at the base and connate into a 2-lipped

cup, rarely quite separate. Perianth none. Disk and staminodes

rudimentary. Ovary ovoid or depressed-globose ; stigmas 2, subu-

late or filiform, connate at the base; ovule erect on a short funicle

or suspended from a long basal funicle. Uftricle included in the

much enlarged bracteoles; pericarp membranous. Seed erect or

inverted, rarely horizontal ; testa membranous, coriaceous or almost

crustaceous ; embryo annular, surrounding the floury albumen.

Herbs or shrubs, more or less furfuraceous or covered with lepidote scales ;

leaves alternate, rarely opposite, sessile or stalked ; flowers in glomerules either

axillary and sessile or collected into spikes or panicles.

DistriB. Species about 100, in the temperate and tropical regions of the whole

world.

Leaves all opposite and entire... 1.00 w. ... (1) portulacoides.

Leaves alternate, rarely the lower opposite :

Leaves linear to oblong, entire or finely toothed :

Stem more or less woody : :

Leaves lanceolate to oblong, subacute... ... (2) Verreauxii.

Leaves oblanceolate, obtuse i oe ... (3) Bolusii.

Stem herbaceous :

Bracteoles 3-lobed, entire or slightly toothed ... (4) patula.

Bracteoles coarsely dentate, spongy ese ... (5) littoralis.

Leaves ovate or subrotund, entire ae oe ... (6) glauca,

Leaves deltoid to elliptic, entire:

Bracteoles membranous, more or less toothed ... (7) Halimus.

Bracteoles fleshy, entire fe ay ae ... (8) albicans.

Leaves lanceolate to deltoid, coarsely toothed or

sinuate :

Bracteoles in fruit spongy ..,. ies eae ... (9) halimoides,

Bracteoles in fruit not spongy :

Spikes leafy ... ink nae wi se ..- (10) rosea,

Spikes naked, except at the base ... or ... (11) laciniata.

1. A. portulacoides (Gmel. Syst. 450) ; an unarmed shrub, pro-

cumbent at the base; branches angular ; leaves opposite, obovate

Atriplex. | CHENOPODIACE (Wright). 443

Belg. 20.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg.

Also in Western Europe, from Britain southwards and throughout the

Mediterranean region.

2. A. Verreauxii (Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii, ii, 98); stem

herbaceous or. slightly woody, erect, very sparingly branched,

slightly ribbed, rigid, whitish lepidote ; leaves alternate, lanceolate,

subdeltoid or oblong, subacute, cuneate at the base, 3-1 in, long,

14-3 lin. wide, the lower irregularly denticulate, rather thick,

densely lepidote on both surfaces; midrib prominent beneath ;

petiole rather stout, 2-3 lin. long ; flowers collected in dense

terminal spikes, male 5-merous ; _perianth-segments obovate,

densely farinose; anthers oblong. A. farinosa, Moquin, Chenop.

Enum. 55, not of Dumort.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Verreaux ex Moguin, and a specimen without

locality or collector's name in Herb. Kew!

‘The flowers have not been described by Moquin, and those on the Kew specimen

(authenticated by him) are very young. The Kew specimen, although labelled

South Africa, was probably collected by Curror in Angola.

3. A. Bolusii (C. H. Wright) ; stem woody, subterete, densely

white furfuraceous ; leaves alternate, oblanceolate, rounded at the

apex, 6 lin. long, 2 lin. wide, very densely clothed on both surfaces

with whitish scales, quite entire, rather fleshy ; petiole 3 lin. long ;

flower clusters in spikes in the upper part of the plant, scaly like

the leaves; bracteoles in fruit rotundate, 10 lin. in diam., sinuate-

dentate, free, furfuraceous, membranous, strongly and reticulately

veined ; utricle membranous, pellucid, 1} lin. in diam., compressed ;

seed erect ; radicle superior ; style short ; stigmas 2, } lin. long.

Western Rearon: Little Namaqualand; in sandy places near Port Nolloth,

20 ft., Bolus, 9457! Pearson, 509!

This is allied to A. leucoclada, Boiss., from Egypt and Arabia, which differs in

having smaller fruiting bracteoles 3-lobed to the middle,

4. A. patula, var. angustifolia (Syme, Engl. Bot. ed. 3, viii. 29,

t. 702); an annual much-branched herb, 1-3 ft. high ; branches

H+ CHENOPODIACE (Wright). | Atriplex.

divaricate, ribbed, glabrous; lower leaves hastate, }-2} in. long,

1-11 in. wide, the upper lanceolate or linear, }-1} in. long, all

entire, glabrous ; flowers in clusters spicately arranged in the upper

part of the branches; bracteoles sessile, about 1 lin. long, free

nearly to the base, deltoid, entire or slightly dentate. Bolus &

Wolley-Dod in Trans. S. Afr. Phil. Soc. xiv. iii. 311. A. angusti-

folia, Sm. Fl. Brit. 1092, and Engl. Bot. t. 1774.

Coast Reaion: Cape Div.; ditch near Kenilworth racecourse, Wolley-Dod,

2422! Caledon Div. ; Vugel Gat, Schlechter, 10426 !

Also in Europe and North Africa. A weed of cultivation.

5. A. littoralis (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 1054) ; stem erect, herbaceous,

suleate, 24 ft. high, much branched; leaves alternate, linear-

lanceolate or linear, 1-3 in. long, 14-3 lin. wide, entire or slightly

sinuate, rather thick ; lateral nerves obsolete ; petiole short ; flower

clusters distant on slender spikes paniculately arranged ; bracteoles

in fruit rhomboid-ovate, coarsely dentate on the margins and back,.

free nearly to the base, texture spongy, 2-7 lin. long; styles linear,

thrice as long as the ovary. Mogquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 96, 460 ;

Reichenb. Ic. Fl. Germ. xxiv. 136, t. 266. Chenopodium littorale,

Thunb. in Act. Upsal. vii. (1815) 142.

Coast Recion :; Uitenhage Div. ; Uitenhage, Zeyher !

Also in Europe.

6. A. glauca (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 1493); stem slender, slightly

woody, branched, terete, whitish ; leaves alternate, sessile, ovate

or subrotundate, very obtuse, quite entire, 3-4 lin. long, 3 lin.

wide, thick, crisped and somewhat sheathing at the base, silvery

pulverulent ; nerves not conspicuous beneath; flower clusters.

spicately arranged ; bracts in fruit 14 lin. long, sessile, rhomboid-

deltoid, toothed near the base ; pericarp white ; seed compressed,

fuscous, thick at the margin. Boiss. Voy. Bot. Espagne, ii. 542.

Obione glauca, Moquin in DOC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 108. Chenopodium

vestitum, Thunb. Prodr. 48, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 245. Atriplex

maritima hispanica, ete., Dill. Hort. Elth. 46, t. 40, fig. 46.

SourH AFrica : without locality, Thunberg.

Also in Spain, North Africa and Arabia.

This has the habit of Exomis axyrioides, Fenzl.

7. A. Halimus (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 1492); an erect shrub ;

branches slightly angular, whitish pulverulent ; leaves alternate,

elliptic or sometimes almost deltoid, very obtuse, entire, about

1 in. long, } in. wide, densely silvery pulverulent on both surfaces ;

petiole 2 lin. long; bracts rhomboid, long acuminate, denticulate

near the base, 2-3 lin. long in fruit ; flowers in dense globose

sessile clusters about 14 lin. in diam. arranged in terminal

panicles; perianth } lin. in diam.; segments obovate, concave,

Atriplex. | CHENOPODIACEA (Wright). 445

Sour Arrica: without locality, Thom, 207! 239! Drége!

Coast Reaion: Laingsburg Div. ; Matjesfontein, 3000 ft., MacOwan, 3343 !

and Herb. Austr.-Afr., 1943! Mossel Bay Div. ; on dry hills by the Gouritz River,

Burchell, 6428! Uitenhage Div. ; Uitenhage, Zeyher! 616! 733! Zwanepoels

Kraal near Enon, Baur, 1045! Bathurst Div. ; by the Kowie River at Port

Alfred, 10 ft., Galpin, 2967 ! King Williamstown Div. ; Keiskamma, Mrs. Hutton !

Centra, Reaion: Somerset Div. ; Somerset East, Bowker, 211! Philipstown

Div. ; by the Orange River, near Petrusville, Burchell, 2671! Graaff Reinet Div. ;

near Graaff Reinet, Bolus, 661! Cradock Div. ; plains, Witmoss Station, 2400 ft.,

Galpin, 3078! and without precise locality, Cooper, 517! Hopetown Div. ; Salt

pans near Hopetown, Shaw !

KALanart Reaion: Orange River Colony ; Karroo, Witteberg Range, Rehmann,

2877!

Western Recron: Little Namaqualand; J’us (T°Ous?), 2800 ft., Schlechter,

11432! Van Rhynsdorp Div. ; Attys, 300 ft., Schlechter, 8085 !

Also in Southern Europe and North Africa.

tee ee

Coast Reoton : Clanwilliam Div. ; Clanwilliam, MacOwan, 3308! and Herb.

Austr.-Afr., 1942! Malmesbury Div.; Laauws Kloof, under 1000 ft., Drége,

Tulbagh Div. ; New Kloof, 2000-3000 ft., Drége.

Centra. Reston: Ceres Div. ; near Yuk River, Burchell, 1243 !

Western Recion: Little Namaqualand; Port Nolloth, Pearson, 507! near

Ookiep, Morris in Herb. Bolus, 5784! Van Rhynsdorp Div.; Bitter Fontein,

Schlechter, 11012 !

9. A. halimoides (Lindl. in Mitch. Three Exped. E. Austr. i. 285,

not of Tineo); a procumbent herb or undershrub ; stem whitish,

glabrous ; leaves alternate, lanceolate or oblanceolate, acute, coarsely

toothed, 14 in. long, 1} in. wide, greyish lepidote on both surfaces,

tapering into a wi petiole ; flowers in axillary clusters ; brac-

teoles in fruit 6 lin. in diam., spongy and fibrous, depressed so as to

446 CHENOPODIACE (Wright). [ Atriplex.

appear turbinate with a horizontal wing and small central opening ;

seed brownish, lenticular. Benth. Fl. Austral. v. 178. A. Lindleyi,

Coast Reeton: Albany Div. ; Grahamstown, Schénland !

Introduced from Australia.

10. A. rosea (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 1493); stem much-branched

from the base, herbaceous or slightly woody, obtusely angled,

1-3 ft. high; leaves alternate, spreading, rhomboid to oblong,

sinuate, 1-2 in. long, }~-14 in. wide, cuneate at the base, silvery

lepidote on both surfaces; nerves rather prominent beneath ;

petiole 3-6 lin. long; flowers monecious, in terminal leafy spikes

up to 2 in. long, reddish; bracteoles sessile, obcuneate, shortly

cuspidate, 2-3 lin. long in fruit, connate half-way up, strongly

nerved on the back; seed beaked, thick at the margin, fuscous.

t. 267.

CentraL Recion: Graaff Reinet Div. ; near Graaff Reinet, 2600 ft., Bolus,

656 !

Also in Eurore, the Orient and North Africa.

ll. A. laciniata (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 1053) ; a herb 2-5 ft. high ;

stem simple or sparingly branched above, obscurely angular ; leaves

alternate or the lowest opposite, hastate-deltoid, acute or subobtuse,

sinuately toothed, 1-3 in. long, }-} in. wide, glabrous above, silvery

pulverulent beneath ; petiole 5—10 lin. long ; bracts in fruit 14—2 lin.

long, rhomboid, acute, sometimes 3-lobed, toothed at the sides,

connate half-way up; spikes up to 2 in. long, | lin. in diam.,

paniculately arranged, with the clusters closely placed, naked or

leafy only at the base. Moguin in DO. , Sh Riis: 4s: 93s

A. tataricu, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 1053; Reichenb. Ic. Fl. Germ.

xxiv. 142, t. 269. Chenopodium laciniatum, Thunb. Prodr. 48.

C. sinuatum, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult, 245,

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Thunberg !

Also in Europe, the Orient and North Africa. »

Imperfectly known species.

12, A. microphylla (Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. ii. 958, not of F. Muell.) ;

stem shrubby, branched from the base, erect, scarcely 1 ft. high,

ashy-grey ; branches terete, virgate ; leaves scattered, ovate, obtuse,

entire, glaucous, 1 lin. long; flowers in the axils of the leaves.

Moquin in DC. Prodr, xiii. ii. 104; Burch. Trav. 8. Afr. i. 225.

Chenopodium microphyllum, Thunb. Prodr. 48, and Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 245,

Soutn Arrica : without locality, Thunberg.

Chenolea. | CHENOPODIACE& ( Wright.) 447

V. CHENOLEA, Thunb.

Flowers hermaphrodite and female, without bracts, bracteolate.

Perianth turbinate, globose or orbicular-depressed, villous or

tomentose, rarely glabrous ; lobes 5, incurved, accrescent, produced

into spines or horns on the back, rarely unarmed. Stamens 5,

hypogynous ; filaments compressed, short or long ; anthers oblong.

Disk none. Ovary ovoid, attenuate into a long or short style;

stigmas 2-3, capillary, papillose all over; ovule subsessile. Utricle

enclosed in the crustaceous or coriaceous perianth ; pericarp

membranous or hardened at the apex. Seed horizontal, orbicular ;

embryo annular ; albumen scanty.

Herbs or shrubs, erect or decumbent, usually hairy ; leaves alternate, sessile,

linear, lanceolate or terete, quite entire ; flowers axillary, minute, solitary or

clustered.

DisrriB, Species 3, 2 in North Africa and Arabia and the following.

1. OC. diffusa (Thunb. Nov. Gen. 10); stem decumbent, flexuous,

terete, reddish, canescent when young ; leaves oblong or lanceolate,

6 lin. long, 14 lin. wide, acute, sessile, fleshy, the upper erect,

imbricate and clothed with silvery silky hairs, the lower spreading

or retlexed and less hairy ; nerves inconspicuous ; flowers axillary,

solitary, minute; perianth-segments oblong, obtuse, silky ; spinules

minute, obtuse, rather villous. Echinopsilon diffusus, Moquin in

DOC. Prodr. xiii, ii. 137. E. sericeus, Moquin, Chenop. Enum. 89.

Salsola diffusa, Thunb. Prodr. 48, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 243. S.

sericea, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 317. Kochia sericea, Sehrad. Neues

Journ. 1809, 87. Chenopodium sericeum, Spreng. Syst. i. 921.

Coast Recion: Cape Div.; Millers Point, Wolley-Dod, 2397! about the

ponds and at Salt River, Burchell, 666! Knysna Div.; at the mouth of the

Knysna River, Arauss, 786, ex Moquin. Uitenhage Div., Zeyher, 501! Prior !

East London Div. ; near the mouth of the Nahoon River, Galpin, 5674! Div. ?

Redhouse, Mrs. Paterson, 287 !

CrenrraL Recon: Cradock Div. ; without precise locality, Cooper, 3055 ! 3140!

KaLanart Recion: Bechuanaland; bank of the Moshowing River between

Takun and Melito, Burchell, 2306 !

Eastern Recion: Natal ; near Durban, Wood, 901!

VI. KOCHIA, Roth.

Flowers hermaphrodite and female, without bracts or bracteoles.

Perianth subglobose to urceolate, in fruit coriaceous, horizontally

winged on the back; lobes 5, incurved. Stamens 5; filaments

short or long, compressed; anthers large. Disk none. Ovary

ovoid, attenuate into a slender style ; stigmas 2-3, capillary,

papillose all over; ovule subsessile. Utricle depressed-globose ;

pericarp membranous or coriaceous at the apex. Seed horizontal,

448 CHENOPODIACE (Wright). | Kochia.

orbicular, depressed ; embryo annular, surrounding the scanty

albumen.

Herbs or shrubs, hairy, rarely glabrous ; leaves alternate, rarely subopposite,

sessile, linear to oblong, flat or terete, sometimes minute, quite entire ; flowers

axillary, small, sessile, solitary or clustered.

Disrrie. Species about 30, in Central Europe, Temperate Asia, North Africa

and Australia. }

ee > we

Var. 8, cinerascens (Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii, 131); leaves with ashy-

grey hairs.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1442! Var. B; Zeyher, 1449.

CENTRAL REGION : Graaff Reinet Div. ; Graaff Reinet, 2800 ft., Bolus, 410!

The Australian plant mentioned by Moquin is A. villosa, Lindl.

Imperfectly known species.

2. K. salsoloides (Fenzl, Nov. Stirp. Dec. Vindob. 1839, 74); a

shrub ; stems procumbent, striate, much-branched, almost glabrous,

sometimes rusty-tomentose when young; branches filiform, about

2 ft. long; leaves filiform, obtuse, flaccid, reflexed, villous or

hirsute when young, naked in age; flowers in clusters of 2-7,

pubescent ; perianth-wing 14 lin. wide, with obovate-subrotundate

lobes, flabellately nerved, coloured. Drege, Zwei Pfl. Documente,

CenrraL Recion: Prince Albert Div.; Jackhals Fontein and banks of the

Gamka River, Drége, 8022.

Moquin (I.c.) suggests that this may be the same as K’. pubescens, Moquin.

VII. SALICORNIA, Linn.

Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous, immersed in clusters of

3-7 in hollows at the articulations of the branches, free or connate.

Perianth fleshy, 3-4-toothed. Stamens 2, rarely 1; filament terete ;

anther exserted, lobes globose. Ovary ovoid, attenuate at the apex;

style lacerate at the apex or with two subulate stigmas papillose

Salicornia. | CHENOPODIACE (Wright). 449

all over ; ovule erect, subsessile. Utricle membranous, surrounded

by the persistent spongy perianth, more or less immersed in the

rhachis. Seed erect, oblong or ellipsoid, compressed, exalbuminous ;

testa thinly coriaceous, covered with hooked hairs ; cotyledons

conduplicate.

Annual fleshy leafless herbs or shrubs ; stems articulate, erect or decumbent,

glabrous ; branches opposite, dilated and sheath-like at the apex of the articula-

tions ; spikes terminal, cylindrical.

Distris. Species 9, widely spread on sea-coasts.

Perianth of middle flower pointed or narrowly rounded

in front ; annual ‘ios ve aie as ree

Perianth of middle flower broad in front :

Seeds oblong-oval ; perianth-tip flatly arched ; peren-

Tigh ise a vag eee seen ie Pe

Seeds lenticular ; perianth-tip strongly arched ... (8) natalensis.

(1) herbacea.

(2) fruticosa.

1. 8. herbacea (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 3); an annual herb; stem

erect, 6-12 in. high, glabrous, branched only in the upper part ;

branches patent, cylindrical, thick; articulations compressed,

obtusely lobed; peduncles thickened above ; spikes cylindrical,

4-1 in. long; perianth of the middle flower pointed or narrowly

rounded in front; fruit oblong, 1 lin. long; albumen none or

scanty. Moquin in DO. Prodr. xiii. ii. 144; Ungern-Sternb. Vers.

Syst. Salic. 45; Boiss. Fl. Orient. iv. 933; Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C,

171; Volk. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iii. 1a, 77, fig. 36,

G-L; Baker and C. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 86.

S. annua, Smith in Sowerby, Engl. Bot. t. 415.

Coast Rearon : Cape Div. ; Paarden Island, Drége !

Also on the coasts of Europe, North and Tropical Africa and America.

2. §. fruticosa (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 5); an erect fleshy shrub up

to 3 ft. high, quite glabrous ; branches terete below, tetragonous

above, upper articulations about 4 lin. long; spikes 1 in. long,

formed of 3-flowered closely placed clusters ;. perianth concave,

flat at the top ; seeds oblong-oval. Thunb. Prodr. 1 and Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 1; Ungern-Sternb. Vers. Syst. Salic. 56. Arthroenemum

fruticosum, Moquin, Chenop. Enum. 111, and in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii.

151; Baker and C.B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 86.

Var. 8, capensis (Ungern-Sternb. Vers. Syst. Salic. 59) ; branches prostrate ;

internodes of the youngest branches dilated and laterally compressed ; teeth

faintly keeled on the back. . indica, Eckl. & Zeyh. ex Ungern-Sternb. l.c., not

of Willd.

Var. y, paardeneilandica (Ungern-Sternb. l.c.) ; branches long procumbent,

rooting ; twigs ascending, usually herbaceous ; teeth very short, rounded ; flowers

over 1 lin. long, S. herbacea, var. procumbens, Drége ex Ungern-Sternb, l.c.

Var. 3, densiflora (Ungern-Sternb. l.c.); branches ascending, woody high up ;

teeth shortly acuminate.

VOL. V.—SECT. I. 26

450 CHENOPODIACE ( Wright). [Salicornia.

Coast Reaton: Cape Div. ; rocky shore north of Camps Bay, Alexander Prior !

Wolley-Dod, 3056! Hout Bay, Harvey, 194! Knysna Div.; salt marshes at

Knysna, 10 ft., Galpin, 4428! Uitenhage Div., Zeyher, 5! Port Elizabeth

Div. ; Cape Recife, Burchell, 4898 ! Div. ? Redhouse, Mrs. Paterson, 497! Var. B:

Cape Div. ; about the Ponds and at Salt River, Burchell, 667! beyond

Uitvlugt, Wolley-Dod, 1430! rocky shore below Paulsberg, Wolley-Dod, 3012!

by Raapenburg Vley, near the Observatory, Wolley-Dod, 2690! Var. y: Cape

Div. ; sand flats between Paarden Island and Tygerberg, Drége! Var. 5: Cape

Div. ; Paarden Island, Drége.

Eastern Recon: Transkei; Kentani coast, in patches of mud and sand

within tidal reach, Miss Pegler, 648 !

Also on the shores of Europe and North and Tropical Africa.

3. 8. natalensis (Bunge ex Ungern-Sternb. Vers. Syst. Salic.

62); stem 6-8 in. high, creeping below, glabrous; articulations

funnel-shaped, 2-lobed, about 6 lin. long, and 2 lin. in diam. at the

mouth; spikes 6-9 lin. long; flowers in clusters of 3; perianth

3 lin. long, becoming much curved in the upper part; teeth very

short and blunt; seed lenticular. S. indica, Drege, Zwei Pf.

Documente, 159, not of Willd. Arthrocnemum indicum, Bunge,

Relig. Lehmann. Bot. 459, not of Moquin.

Coast Region: Cape Div.; Camps Bay, Burchell, 844! Uitvlugt, Wolley-

Dod, 2691! Raapenburg Vley, Wolley-Dod, 2398! Knysna Div.; Plettensbergs

Bay, sandhills, Burchell, 5810! East London Div. ; water edge, near the mouth

of the Nahoon River, Galpin, 5673.

EastERN Recion: Natal; Durban Bay, Drége !

VIII. SUADA, Forsk.

Flowers hermaphrodite or by abortion unisexual, minute, bracteate

and bibracteolate. Perianth globose, turbinate or urceolate, more

or less fleshy ; lobes 5, equal and without appendages, or 1—2 larger

and inflated or horned, rarely all with a small transverse wing on

the back. Stamens 5, more or less perigynous; filaments short ;

anthers rather large. Disc elevated or none. Ovary sessile by a

broad base or adnate to the tube of the perianth, rounded or

truncate at the apex ; stigmas 2—5, short, subulate, papillose all

over; ovule subsessile. Utricle included in the perianth, mem-

branous or almost spongy. Seed horizontal to erect, of various

shapes ; testa crustaceous, smooth; albumen 0 or divided into

2 small masses ; embryo slender, in a flat spiral, usually green.

Herbs or shrubs, erect or prostrate, simple or branched, rarely farinose or

puberulous ; leaves ternate, fleshy, terete or semiterete, rarely almost flaty quite

entire ; flowers axillary, sessile or subsessile, solitary or clustered.

Distrip, Species about 40, on sea-shores throughout the world.

Styles 2; seed horizontal ... ivi ve ans .. (1) cespitosa.

Styles 3; seed vertical ... ie ee ie ... (2) fruticosa.

1. 8. cxespitosa (Wolley-Dod in Journ. Bot. 1901, 401) ; herba-

ceous ? cespitose ; stem much-branched, terete, glabrous ; leaves

Sueda. | CHENOPODIACE& (Wright). 451

closely placed, linear, acute, 4—6 lin. long, }—1 lin. wide, flat above,

convex beneath; spikes about 4 in. long, male in the upper part ;

bracts 3-4 lin. long, linear, acute ; flowers about 1 lin. in diam. ;

perianth-lobes 5, fleshy, concave, obtuse ; stamens included ; ovary

depressed-globose ; styles 2, recurved.

Coast Reaion: Cape Div. ; Paarden Island, Wolley-Dod, 3396! Port Elizabeth

Div. ; New Brighton, 20 ft., Galpin, 6468 !

The stems in the type specimen appear to be almost woody,

2. 8. fruticosa (Forsk. Fl. Aigypt.-Arab. cix. and 70, Ie. 9);

a much-branched evergreen shrub, 2-3 ft. high; branches erect-

spreading, glabrous; leaves 4—5 lin. long, 1 lin. wide, slightly

convex above, much so beneath, acute, glaucous, blackish when

dry ; flowers in axillary clusters of 3, the central flower alone

perfect ; perianth-lobes 5, nearly 1 lin. long, oblong, obtuse,

membranous at the margins ; stamens 5, short; ovary long ovoid ;

Boiss. Fl. Orient. iv. 939; Volk. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

iii. la, 80; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. Append. ii. 157 ;

Baker and CO. B. Cl. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 91. Chenopodium

Fruticosum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 221. Salsola fruticosa, Linn. Sp. Pl.

ed. ii. 324; Sibth. Fl. Gr. t. 255; Sowerby, Engl. Bot. t. 635.

Lerchea obtusifolia, Steud. Nomencl. ed. i. 187, 474; Hiern in Cat.

Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 900. L. maritima, y fruticosa, O. Kuntze, Rev.

Gen. Pl. ii. 549.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Burchell! Schlechter !

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div., Zeyher !

CentraL Reeron: Craddock Div. ; without precise locality, Cooper, 584 !

WEsTERN Reaion : Namaqualand, Schlechter, 13a! z

Also in Tropical and North Africa, Europe and through the Orient to Western.

India,

IX. SALSOLA, Linn.

Flowers hermaphrodite, subtended by 2-3 bracteoles, Perianth

5-partite ; segments concave, thickened on the back and in front

furnished with a large horizontal scarious wing, below the wing

free or connate into an indurated cup. Stamens 5, usually hypo-

gynous ; anthers obtuse or with the connective variously produced.

Ovary globose or ovoid ; style long or short ; stigmas 2, spreading,

subulate ; ovule subsessile or pendulous from the top of a long

funicle. Uftricle included in the persistent winged perianth. Seed

usually horizontal, orbicular ; testa membranous ; albumen none ;

embryo spiral,

Annual or perennial herbs or undershrubs of various habit ; leaves alternate

or rarely opposite, sometimes wide sheathing, short, long or scale-like, some-

times mucronate ; flowers small, solitary in the axils of the upper reduced leaves

of the branchlets or spicate. 6

452 CHENOPODIACE (Wright). [Salsola.

Disrris. Species about 40, chiefly in temperate Asia, North and Tropical Africa,

1 in temperate North and South America and 1 in Australia.

Burchell’s 2896 collected on the lower part of Bruintjes Hoogte, Somerset

Division, probably represents an undescribed species of Salsola, but is in young

fruit only.

Flowers in spikes... sas ae ee aa ... (1) foetida.

Flowers solitary :

Leaves 2-3 lin, long, 1 lin. wide, tomentose ... ... (2) Zeyheri.

Leaves 4 lin. long and wide, glabrous. ... iy ... (8) tuberculata.

Leaves minute, densely pubescent se ae ... (4) aphylla.

wre oe

Centrat Ruaion: Graaff Reinet Div. ; Graaff Reinet, Bolus, 596 !

Also in North and Tropical Africa, Western Asia and India.

Zeyher’s 1443, which bears old flowers only, somewhat resembles S. fetida,

Del., but differs in having longer, more acute bracts. Its flowers have a cup-

shaped disk from which 5 complanate filaments spring.

2. §. Zeyheri (Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. App. iii. 62); an

erect much-branched shrub; branches terete, not articulate,

pubescent, ashy grey ; leaves alternate, 2-3 lin. long, about 1 lin. ©

wide, thick and fleshy, concave above, broadly keeled beneath,

tomentose; flowers subsolitary ; bracteoles triangular-ovate oF

ovate-orbicular, obtuse, thick, very concave, rather tomentose ;

perianth-segments lanceolate, rather obtuse, villous on the back ;

filaments dilated below; anthers oblong-hastate, with a minute

terminal yellow appendage ; disk fleshy, with 5 entire very obtuse

lobes; style elongate; stigmas lanceolate-subulate, compressed ;

wings of the fruiting perianth inserted near the base, membranous,

unequal, 14-2} lin. long, 3 obovate-reniform and 3-4 lin. wide,

2 lanceolate and }-1 lin. long. Baker & C. H. Wright in Dyer, FI.

Trop. Afr. vi. i. 89. 8S. aphylla, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 1.

Salsola. | CHENOPODIACE (Wright). 453

Sour Arrica: without precise locality, Zeyher, 1447 !

WESTERN Reaion : Little Namaqualand ; Port Nolloth, Pearson, 571!

Also in Tropical Africa.

grey ; leaves alternate, densely imbricate and congested into globose

nodules, triangular-ovate, subacute, } lin. long and wide, glabrous,

those near the flowers suborbicular and rather thick ; bracts orbi-

cular, obtuse, keeled, membranous at the margins; flowers solitary ;

perianth-lobes ovate-lanceolate, subobtuse, pubescent ; anthers ob-

long-hastate, dorsifixed, produced above into an ovate obtuse

appendage ; disk obtusely 5-lobed ; stigmas obtuse, compressed ;

wings of the fruiting perianth inserted just below the apex of the

lobes, unequal, less than 1 lin. long, thinly membranous, rosy.

Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. App. iii. 62; Baker & C. H. Wright

in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. 90. Caroawylon tuberculatum, Moquin in

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Drége, 3000a! Zeyher, 1446!

CENTRAL ReGIon: Beaufort West Div.; on the Karoo near Beaufort West,

Henderson, 9!

Also in Tropical Africa.

4. §. aphylla (Linn. f. Suppl. 173); a much-branched shrub,

reaching a height of 6 ft.; branches slender, terete, not jointed,

pallid, pubescent; leaves alternate, ovate, minute, amplexicaul,

densely pubescent; flowers solitary ; bracteoles suborbicular,

keeled, pubescent; perianth-segments ovate-lanceolate, obtuse,

slightly, pubescent ; filaments dilated below ; anthers oblong, with

a minute terminal appendage ; disk fleshy, obtusely 5-lobed ; style

elongate ; stigmas subulate ; wings of the fruiting perianth inserted

below the middle of the segments, obovate, membranous, yellowish

or dull purple, the two inner narrower than the others. Drége,

Zwei Pfl. Documente, 67; Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. Append.

iii. 61; Baker & C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 89.

Caroxylon Salsola, Thunb. Diss. Med. Afr. (1785), 8; Moquin in

Sourn AFrica: without locality, Forsyth! Zeyher, 1445!

CenrraL Recon: Laingsburg Div.: Witteberg Range, near Matjesfontein,

Rehmann, 2947 | Beaufort West Div. ; Karoo at Beaufort West, Henderson, 5! 6!

Albert Diy. ; without precise locality, Cooper, 1383 !

Western Recion: Little Namaqualand; between Buffels River and Pedros

Kloof, Drége! Van Khynsdorp Div. ; near Rhynsdorp, Schlechter, 8091 !

Katanart Reaion: Griqualand West ; between the Kloof Village in the

Asbestos Mountains and English Drift, Burchell, 2106! Orange River Colony ;

Mud River Drift, Rekmann, 3612! Transvaal ; near Bloemhof, Burtt-Davy, 1496!

Vernacular name ‘‘ Brak Ganna”’ (Henderson).

Also in Tropical Africa.

Imperfectly known species.

5. S. bullata (Fenzl ex Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 94, name

only ; Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. App. iii. 62).

454 CHENOPODIACEA (Wright). [Salsola.

Western REGION: Little Namaqualand ; near the mouth of the Orange River,

under 600 ft., Drege.

6. S. Calluna (Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 50, 56, name only) ;

a very dwarf shrub ; stem and branches glabrous ; leaves orbicular,

1 lin. in diam., collected into alternate nodules ; flowers unknown.

Drege in Linnea, xx. 204; Moquin in DC. Prodr, xiii. ii. 191;

Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. App. iii. 62.

CentraL Recion : Richmond Div. ; vicinity of Stylkloof about 10 miles west

of Richmond, 4000-5000 ft., Drége; Aliwal North Div. ; at the union of the

Stormberg Spruit and Orange River, 4200 ft., Drége.

Zeyher’s 1448 is quoted by Moquin both under this species and under S. fetida,

Del. ; from the latter it is obviously distinct. Henderson’s 10 (known as Root

Ganna) from the Karoo at Beaufort West agrees with Zeyher’s plant.

eee 8

oe Reaion: Vanrhynsdorp Div.; near Mieren Kasteel, 1000-2000 ft.,

ege.

8. 8. geminiflora (Fenzl ex Drége, Zwei Pf. Documente, 108,

name only); dwarf, pubescent ; leaves opposite.

Coast Reaion: Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; Ebenezer, under 500 ft., Drége, 8024a!

Orper CXI. PHYTOLACCACEA. .

(By A. W. Hitt.)

Flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual. Perianth inferior, herbaceous

or coriaceous, rarely coloured, 4—5-partite, reguiar or nearly so;

lobes equal or unequal, imbricate. Stamens 4—5 or many, usually

inserted on a hypogynous disk; filaments subulate, sometimes

connate at the base ; anther-cells parallel, dehiscing longitudinally.

Ovary superior ; carpels one or many, concrete or distinct ; style

none or short ; stigmas as many as the carpels, linear or capitate ;

ovules solitary, basal, with a short funicle. Fruit of one or many

carpels, fleshy or dry. Seed erect, compressed ; testa membranous

or crustaceous ; embryo peripheric, enclosing the albumen ; coty-

ledons foliaceous or subcylindrical ; radicle long.

Shrubs or herbs, rarely trees ; leaves alternate, entire ; stipules none or small ;

flowers usually racemose, green or whitish, small.

Distrip, Species about 60 concentrated in Tropical America.

I. Microtea.—Carpels 2 or more, united into a 1-celled ovary ; styles 2-5.

Il. Phytolacca —Carpels several, free, or united into a several-celled ovary ;

styles free.

The genus Adenogramma, Reichb., placed as a suborder of Caryophyllex in

Harvey & Sonder’s Fl. Capensis, i. 149, has been placed by some authors 1D

Microtea. | PHYTOLACCACE (Hill). 455

Phytolaceacex, a view which we cannot adopt. In Bentham & Hooker’s Genera

Plantarum, i. 858, the genus is classified under Ficoidex, and Walter in Engler’s

Das Pflanzenreich, iv. 83, p. 25, upholds this view.

I. MICROTEA, Sw.

Flowers hermaphrodite. Perianth 5-partite ; lobes equal or nearly

so, usually erect in fruit. Stamens 3-8, hypogynous ; filaments free,

filiform ; anthers subglobose, 2-celled. Ovary 1-celled ; styles 2-5,

free or united at the base, papillose above. Fruit obovoid, more or

less warted or spiny, seated on the persistent perianth. Seed

vertical ; embryo peripheric, surrounding the central farinaceous

albumen.

Annual, usually branched, herbs; leaves alternate, quite entire ; flowers

small, white, in long slender spikes or racemes ; bracts membranous, persistent.

Distris. Species about 10, chiefly in tropical South America; 4 in South

Africa, 1 of which extends into the tropics.

Fruits smooth ne he as ie set ... (1) polystachya.

Fruits muricate it ia ish — ve ... (2) tenuissima.

Fruits ribbed :

Ribs of fruit prominent ; spikes elongate, rigid ... (3) Burchellii.

Ribs of fruit inconspicuous ; spikes slender ... ... (4) gracilis.

1. M. polystachya (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1909, 135) ;

undershrub, branched, about 1 ft. high ; leaves spathulate-linear,

subcoriaceous, 4—} in. long, slightly mucronate, apex incurved ; in-

florescence spicate, 6-9 in. long, rigid ; bracts and bracteoles orbicular-

lanceolate, acute or acuminate, irregularly toothed or subentire, half

as long as perianth ; perianth-lobes 5, equal, elliptic or ovate-elliptic,

obtuse; stamens 4; filaments longer than the perianth-lobes ;

ovary ovoid; stigmas 4, filiform, spreading ; fruit globose, smooth,

2 lin. in diam. Lophiocarpus polystachyus, Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Nat.

Mose. xvi. 56. Wallinia polystachya, Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii.

li. 143.

Western Recion: Little Namaqualand; by the Orange River, near Ver-

leptpram, Drége, 2940! hills at I’us, 2800 ft., Schlechter, 11417 !

2. M. tenuissima (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1909, 134) ; annual,

4-11 in. high, slender; stems simple or branched from the base ;

leaves few, filiform, 4-1 in. long, mucronate ; inflorescence spicate,

14-6 in. long; bracteoles 2-3 under each flower, about as long as

the perianth ; perianth-lobes 5, 1 lin. in diam., subregular, obovate,

finely l-nerved ; stamens 3-4 ; filaments longer than the perianth ;

anthers subglobose, dorsifixed ; ovary ovoid, warted, }$ lin. long ;

styles 2-4; fruit obovoid, 1 lin. long, muricate. phiocarpus

tenuissimus, Hook. f. in Hook. Ic. Pl. xv. 50, t. 1463, figs. 10-11 ;

Baker & C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi, 3, 96.

456 PHYTOLACCACE (Hill). | Microtea.

Katanart ReGion: Transvaal; near Pretoria, Rehmann, 4018! Kirk, 47!

sandy places near Batsabelo, 5000 ft., Schlechter, 4058 ! in thickets near Potgieters

Rust, 3800 ft., Bolus, 11010!

Also in Tropical Africa.

3. M. Burchellii (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1909, 135) ; under-

shrub, 8-10 in. high; stems much-branched, ascending ; leaves

sparse, fasciculate, }-3 in. long, sessile, terete, linear, subacute,

mucronate ; inflorescence spicate, 3-7 in. long; flowers +', in. in

diam., fasciculate, sessile ; bracts ovate, persistent, shorter than the

flowers ; bracteoles obtusely 3-lobed ; perianth-lobes 5, external

smaller, suberect, incurved ; stamens 4—5, more or less alternating

with the perianth-lobes, one (apparently always) opposite the

external lobe ; filaments filiform, longer than the perianth ; anthers

small, extrorse ; ovary ovoid, substipitate ; stigmas divaricating in

pairs ; fruit subglobose, slightly compressed, longer than the perianth,

with 4 main prominent and several shorter well-defined intermediate

ribs. Lophiocarpus Burchellii, Hook. f. in Benth. & Hook. f. Gen.

Pl. iii. 50; Ic. Pl. xv. 49, t. 1463, figs. 1-9.

Katanart Recon: Griqualand West; at Griqua Town, Burchell, 1934!

Bechuanaland ; Batlapin Territory, Holub !

4. M. gracilis (A. W. Hill in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 56); an

annual, 34-9 in. high ; stems usually simple below and branching

above ; leaves elliptic-linear, acute, mucronulate, subherbaceous,

3-1} in. long, fasciculate, dense; inflorescence slender, spicate,

somewhat lax, 24-6 in. long, the lower portion being barren ; bracts

nearly equal in length to the perianth, triangular-ovate, acute, sub-

entire or slightly 3-toothed ; perianth-lobes 5, } lin. long, unequal,

broadly or narrowly elliptic, obtuse; stamens 4; filaments longer

than the perianth ; ovary ovoid ; stigmas 2—4, erect, short, more or

less united ; fruit globose, about 4 lin. in diam., with 4 main ribs

slightly marked and a few indefinite and interrupted intermediate ribs.

Katanart Recon: Transvaal ; Komati Poort, 1000 ft., Schlechter, 11806 !

II. PHYTOLACCA, Linn.

Flowers hermaphrodite or diwcious. Perianth green or slightly

coloured, 5-partite ; lobes equal, oblong, obtuse, spreading or reflexing

at a late stage. Stamens 5-25, inserted at the base of the perianth,

rudimentary in the female flowers ; filaments subulate, sometimes

connate at the base; anthers oblong, incumbent. Ovary globose ;

carpels 6-12, free or more or less connate ; styles as many as the

carpels ; ovules solitary, basal, campylotropous. Fruit depressed-

globose, fleshy ; carpels free or connate. Seeds reniform, compressed,

beaked or obtuse at. the base; testa black, crustaceous, shining ;

Phytolacea. | PHYTOLACCACE# (Hill). 457

embryo annular, enclosing the endosperm ; cotyledons semiterete ;

radicle long.

Herbs or shrubs, rarely trees, erect or scandent ; leaves alternate, entire,

petiolate ; flowers in dense racemes ; pedicels bracteate and bibracteolate.

_ Distrip. Species 26, tropical or subtropical, mainly natives of America, a few

in Africa, Eastern Asia, Himalaya and Asia Minor.

Leaves elliptic-lanceolate, emarginate ... wis ... (1) heptandra.

Leaves ovate- or elliptic-lanceolate, acute, mucronate or

slightly mucronulate :

Stamens longer than the perianth-lobes ea ... (2) dodecandra.

Stamens shorter than the perianth-lobes : :

Pedicels 3-4 lin. long; bracts broadly subulate,

situated midway on the pedicel... ee ie

Pedicel very short; bracts elongate subulate, close

to the perianth ... dis ies ae ey

(3) americana.

(4) octandra.

1. P. heptandra (Retz. Obs. vi. 29); a herb 1-3 ft. high; stems

numerous, erect, angular, smooth ; leaves alternate, elliptic-lanceo-

late, emarginate, mucronulate, 2-3} in. long, 3-3 or 1 in. broad,

decurrent into the petiole, margin entire, slightly inrolled, sometimes

waved ; petiole }-4 in. long, slightly decurrent into the stem-angles ;

racemes glabrous, few- or many-flowered, somewhat drooping, 2-6 in.

long ; peduncle as long as the leaves ; bracts subulate ; pedicels as

long as or longer than the flowers ; bracteoles 2, linear-subulate ;

flowers hermaphrodite ; perianth greenish or reddish-green, urceolate,

142 lin. long ; lobes obovate or elliptic, obtuse ; stamens 7 or 8, about

equal in length to the perianth-lobes ; carpels 7; fruit orange or

yellow. Walter in Engl. Das Pflanzenr. iv. 83, 39, fig. 14. P. stricta,

Hoffm. in Comm. Goett. xii. (1796) 27, t. 3; Heimerl in Engl. &

Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iii. 1p. 11. P. resediformis & P. resedifolia,

Hort. Berol. ex Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 30. Pircunia stricta,

Mogquin, l.c. 30 (incl. vars. resediformis & latifolia).

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Zeyher, 1856 !

Coast Recion: Fort Beaufort Div. ; Kat River Poort, Drége! Kunap River,

Baur, 1048! Queenstown Div. ; Shiloh, Baur, 771! Hangklip Mountain, near

Queenstown, Galpin,1804! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 366 !

CentraL REGION: Graaff Reinet Div. ; Wagenpads Berg, Burchell, 2821! 2966!

near Graaff Reinet, MacOwan, 1483! Albert Div., Cooper, 1858! Aliwal North

Div. ; bank of the Orange River, Burke !

Katanart Reoion : Orange River Colony, near Harrismith, Sankey, 239! and

without precise locality, Cooper, 829 ! Transvaal ; hills above Aapies River, Rekmann,

4290! near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1264! and without precise locality, Sanderson.

Eastern Reaion : Transkei; valleys near Kentani, Miss Pegler, 744! Griqua-

land East ; around Kokstad, T'yson, 1985! Natal ; Itafamasi, Wood, 1178! hills

near Byrne, Cooper, 1817! near Pietermaritzburg, Wilms, 2240! and without

precise locality, Gerrard, 1985! Gueinzius, 76!

2. P. dodecandra (L’Hérit. Stirp. 143, t. 69) ; a woody climber ;

stems slender, sometimes 15-20 ft. long ; leaves alternate, ovate or

oblong, acute, 3-4 in. long, cuneate or rounded at the base, distinctly

petioled ; racemes dense, many-flowered, at first 3-4 in., finally

458 PHYTOLACCACE& (Hill). [ Phytolacca.

4-1 ft. long; rhachis pubescent ; pedicels erect-patent, as long as

or longer than the flowers; bracts minute, lanceolate, greenish ;

flowers hermaphrodite ; perianth greenish, campanulate, 1-14 lin.

long; segments ovate, finally reflexed; stamens 10-20, much

longer than the perianth; carpels 5-8; fruit bright red; pulp

staining the fingers yellow ; carpels about 5, not connate. Hiern in

Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 901 ; Baker & C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Afr. vi. i. 97; Walter in Engl. Pflanzenr. iv. 83, 42, fig. 15.

P. abyssinica, Hoffm. in Comm. Goett. xii. 25, t. 2; T. Thoms. in

Speke, Nile, Append. 646; Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 140,

and ser. 2, Bot. ii. 348; Heimerl in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

iii. lp, 11; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 209, and Pfl. Ost-Afr. C.

175; Wood, Natal Pl. t. 263; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv.

Append. ii. 164, not of Hook. & Arn. P. elongata, Salisb. Prodr.

345. P. lutea, Marsigl. ex Steud. Nom. ed. 1, 618. P. scandens,

Hilsenb. et Boj. ex Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 30. Pircunia

abyssinica, Moquin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 30; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl.

Aethiop. 58; var. latifolia, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 222.

P. saponacea, Welw. Apont. 558.

Eastern Region: Natal; between Umzimkulu River and Umkomanzi River,

Drége! Inanda, Wood, 949! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 130!

Also in Tropical Africa,

3. P. americana (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 441); a herb 6-12 ft. high ;

stems branched, grooved, smooth ; leaves elliptic-ovate or ovate-

lanceolate, acute, slightly mucronulate, cuneate at the base, 3}—5

in. long, 1-1? in. broad, distinctly petioled ; racemes on long

peduncles, glabrous, many-flowered, erect or slightly drooping ;

flowers on pedicels }-1 in. long ; bracteoles placed midway, shortly

subulate ; perianth-lobes orbicular-ovate, obtuse, apex concave,

greenish-white or purplish, 1-14 lin. long; stamens 10-12, equal

in length to the perianth-lobes; fruit umbilicate, syncarpous ;

carpels about 10; styles persistent. P. decandra, Linn. Sp. Pl.

ed. ii. 631; Desf. Fl. Atl. i. 369; Bot. Mag. t. 931; Moquin in

DC. Prodr. xiii. ii. 32; Heimerl in Engl. & Prantl,. Pflanzenfam.

ili. 1p, 10, fig. 2 1, M, N & fig. 3; Walter in Engl. Jahrb. xxxvii.

Beibl. 85, 4, figs. 12-14, and in Engl. Pflanzenr. iv. 83, 52.

P. decandra, var. acinosa, Moquin, lc. 33. P. vulgaris, Crantz,

Instit. ii. 484.

Coast Reaion: Cape Div.; foot of Table Mountain, 400 ft., Bolus, 4800!

George Div. ; near George, 650 ft., Schlechter, 2333.

4. P. octandra (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 631); a perennial herb ;

stems stout, erect, smooth, branched, 2-3 ft. long, grooved ; leaves

ovate-lanceolate, acute, mucronate, cuneate at the base, 3—4 in. long,

distinctly petioled ; racemes erect, dense, usually pubescent ; pedicels

very short; bracteoles elongate-subulate, acute, just below and

almost equal in length to the perianth-lobes ; flowers hermaphrodite ;

perianth green ; lobes orbicular-ovate, obtuse, 1 lin, long ; stamens

Phytolacea. | PHYTOLACCACEZ (Hill). 459

about 8; fruit globose, umbilicate, syncarpous, purplish-black ;

carpels about 8; styles persistent. Moguin in DC. Prodr. xiii. ii.

32; Griseb. Fl. Brit. West Ind. 58; Benth. Fl. Austral. v. 143;

Baker & C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 98; Walter in

Engl. Pflanzenr. iv. 83, 58. P. octandra, var. grandiflora, Moquin,

Le. 32. P. americana, var. mexicana, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 441.

Eastern Recion: Natal; Fields Hill, 1000 ft., Wood, 1934!

Also in Tropical Africa and America.

Mr. Wood states that the plant was unknown in Natal until the railway cuttings

were made on Fields and Bothas Hills between Durban and Maritzburg. Before

the railway was opened for traffic the plant appeared in profusion on the banks

among the excavated soil. It was said in 1885 that it had not been found more

than 200-300 yards from the railway line.

Orver CXII. POLYGONACEA.

(By C. H. Wricut.)

Flowers regular, hermaphrodite or polygamo-diecious. Perianth

inferior, coloured or greenish; tube short; lobes 4—6, imbricate.

Stamens usually 6-9, inserted at the base of the perianth; fila-

ments free or connate at the base; anthers 3-celled, dehiscing

longitudinally. Disk annular. Ovary superior, sessile, trigonous or

lenticular ; styles 2-3, distinct ; stigmas dilated or capitate ; ovule

solitary, orthotropous, basal, sessile or stipitate. Fruit an indehis-

cent trigonous or lenticular nut. Seeds similar in shape to the nut ;

testa membranous; albumen abundant; embryo usually more or

less excentric ; cotyledons flat, narrow or broad ; radicle long. —

Herbs or shrubs; leaves alternate, with the base of the petiole dilated into

& membranous sheath ; flowers small, racemose or axillary, usually fascicled in

the axils of persistent membranous bracts.

Distrip. Species about 600, cosmopolitan.

I. Oxygonum.— Flowers polygamous. Perianth accrescent and hardened at

the base ; limb marcescent ; segments 5. Herbs.

Il. Polygonum.— Flowers usually hermaphrodite. Perianth usually persistent,

but not accrescent; segments 5. Herbs.

III. Rumex.—Flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual. Perianth-segments 6,

rarely 4, the outer unchanged in fruit, the inner enlarged and

membranous. Herbs, rarely shrubs.

IV. Emex.—Flowers moncecious. Perianth-tube accrescent and hardened in

fruit; 3 outer segments accrescent and ending in spreading spines,

3 inner smaller and erect. Rigid herbs,

I. OXYGONUM, Burch.

Flowers polygamous. Perianth-tube in the hermaphrodite flowers

constricted above the ovary, in the male flowers almost obsolete ;

limb coloured, 5-lobed, marcescent. Stamens 8, inserted on the

460 POLYGONACE (Wright). [ Oxygonum.

perianth ; filaments filiform; anthers oblong. Ovary included in

the perianth-tube ; styles 3, filiform, connate at the base ; stigmas

capitate. Perianth-tube accrescent in the fruiting stage and

hardened, often with wings or spines on the three angles, enclosing

the nut. Seed erect, turbinate, 3-angled; embryo straight, sub-

central in the albumen; cotyledons fiat, oblong; radicle short,

superior.

Annual or perennial herbs ; leaves alternate, petioled, entire or pinnatifid ;

ochreee membranous, truncate ; flowers red or whitish, fascicled in the axils of

the bracts, forming long lax racemes.

Disrrip. Species about 11; also in Arabia and Tropical Africa.

Fruit broadly winged ee ies aes i ---» (1) alatum,

Fruit without wings or spines:

Fruit obovoid, ribbed... Aaa ae on ... (2) Zeyheri.

Fruit ovoid, acuminate, smooth ra ee ... (3) dregeanum,

Fruit toothed at the base ... —... a ce ... (4) delagoense.

Fruit with 3 spines at the base :

Leaves entire or with 1-2 short teeth ... bas ... (5) calearatum.

Leaves pinnately or bipinnately lobed ; lobes narrow (6) canescens.

Leaves pinnately lobed ; lobes broad ... ...._—«...._-—«(7?+)«atriplicifolium,

var. sinuatum.

1. 0. alatum (Burch. Trav. i. 548); an annual herb, much-

branched from the crown of the root ; stems erect, finely pubescent,

up to 1 ft. long ; leaves lanceolate or rhomboid, entire or pinnatisect,

1-1} in. long, acute, narrowed gradually at the base into a short

petiole ; ochree greenish-white, funnel-shaped, ciliate-dentate or

nearly entire ; racemes very lax, 4-8 in. long; flowers 2-3 to a

cluster ; pedicels much longer than the ovate membranous bract ;

perianth-limb pinkish or milk-white, 2 lin. long ; perianth-tube in

fruit ovoid, 4 lin. long, broadly winged at the 3 angles. Meisn. in

DC. Prodr. xiv. 38; Hook. Ic. Pl. xiv. 14, t. 1321; Hiern in Cat.

Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 902; Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 57.

Var. 8: Marlothii (Engl. Jahrb, x. 6); fruit rounded, not triangular.

Sour Arrica: without locality, Zeyher, 1451 !

WEsTERN Region : Great Namaqualand ; Amhub, Schinz, 501 !

KataHart Region: Griqualand West; plain at the foot of the Asbestos

Mountains, between Kloof village and Wittewater, Burchell, 2074! Orange River

Colony ; Sand River, Burke! along the Orange River, Mrs. Barber! var. B:

Bechuanaland ; Kuruman, 3900 ft., Marloth, 1016!

EasTERN Recon: Natal; near Pietermaritzburg, Bolus, 10884!

2. O. Zeyheri (Sond. in Linnea, xxiii. 100) ; herbaceous, 1-1} ft.

high, much-branched from the ground; branches erect, angular, —

slender, glabrous or finely pubescent ; leaves 1 in. long, 3-lobed or

rarely pinnatifid ; lobes linear, mucronate, entire or toothed, the

terminal twice as long as the lateral; ochree 3-4 lin. long, with

several subulate teeth ; spikes terminal, interrupted, 2—4 in. long ;

Oxygonum. | POLYGONACE (Wright). 461

perianth yellow, 24 lin. long; filaments subulate, with a tuft of

brown hairs on the upper side near the base ; fruit 34 lin. long,

obovoid, ribbed. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 38.

Coast Recion: Stellenbosch Div. ; Stellenbosch, Mrs. de Jongh in Herb.

Galpin., 4429!

Kartauart Recion: Transvaal; Rustenberg, 4000 ft., Miss Pegler, 991! The

Willows, near Pretoria, Burtt-Davy, 2528! Marabastadt, Nelson, 118! Magalies-

berg, Burke! Zeyher, 1451b. Swazieland; High Veld between Carolina and

Mbabane, 5400 ft., Bolus, 12260!

3. O. dregeanum (Meisn. in Linnea, xiv. 487); stem erect or

ascending, sparingly branched, terete, faintly sulcate; leaves

membranous, 1-1} in. long, 3-7 lin. wide, lanceolate-oblong, rarely

subspathulate, entire or few-toothed, l-nerved, subobtuse, with or

without a mucro, tapering into a 1-4 lin.-long petiole, glabrous ;

ochre greenish, membranous, 4-6 lin. long, truncate, with sete up

to 2 lin. long ; racemes 6-10 in. long, straight ; bracts membranous,

2-3 lin. long, oblique and subulate at the mouth ; flowers herma-

phrodite, about 4 in a fascicle, rarely solitary ; pedicels 2—3 lin.

long, straight or finally decurved, articulated at the apex ; perianth

whitish or pale-yellow tinged with purple ; tube ovoid, 1 lin. long ;

lobes lanceolate, 2 lin. long ; filaments white ; anthers dark purple ;

fruit oblong, trigonous, slightly ribbed between the angles. Meisn.

in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ii. 551. O. Dregei, Meisn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 38. 0. alatum, var. dregeanum, Sond. in Linnea, xxiii. 98.

KataHaRI ReGion: Transvaal ; near brenda: Atherstone! Barberton,

Thorncroft, 2781! Saddleback Range, 4000-4500 ft., Galpin, 615! Jeppes Town

Ridges, Johannesburg, 6000 ft., Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin., 6171! Bosch Veld,

Elands River, Rehmann, 4996; Belfast, Jenkins, 6799! Orange River Colony,

Cooper, 833!

Eastern Recion: Griqualand East ; Enshlenzi, 2500 ft., Zyson in MacOwan and

Bolus, Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1235! Pondoland ; Fort William, 2500 ft., Tyson, 2718 !

Natal ; Clairmont, Wood, 1321! Durban, Krauss, 283! Peddie! Cooper, 3059 !

Coast, Wood, 313! Inanda, Wood, 628! Verulam, Wood, 757! Berg Plateau,

Mudd! and without precise locality, Cooper, 3060! Gerrard, 356 !

4. 0. delagoense (O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. ii. 268) ; herba-

ceous ; stem erect or ascending, up to 3 ft. high ; branches slender,

more or less distinctly triquetrous, papillose ; leaves from linear to

lanceolate, 1-2 in. long, 1-3 lin. wide, acuminate, sometimes

trifid, pubescent; ochree 3 lin. long, tubular, pubescent, sete

about 10, pallid, shorter than the tubular part ; racemes terminal,

lax, slender, up to 6 in. long ; bracts oblique, subulate, not setose,

pubescent ; pedicels 2-4 in the axil of each bract, shortly exserted ;

perianth nearly 3 lin. long, cylindrical and densely pubescent below,

campanulate and less densely so above ; lobes twice as long as the

tube, oblong, acute ; stamens half as long as the perianth ; anther-

cells diverging at the base; fruit triquetrous, acuminate, not

winged nor spiny, slightly toothed at the base, smooth between

the angles.

462 POLYGONACEE (Wright). [Oxygonum.

Var. B, robustum (0. Kuntze, l.c. 269) ; stem shorter and less branched than in

the type, 1 lin. in diam. ; leaves three times wider.

- Eastern Recron: Delagoa Bay; in maize stubble, Scott! Monteiro, 16!

Schlechter, 12013! Var. 8: Delagoa Bay, Kuntze. Lorenzo Marques, Wilms, 1280!

5. 0. calearatum (Burch. ex Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 38) ; stems

much-branched, virgate, glabrous, ribbed ; branches virgate ; leaves

entire or with 1-2 short teeth below the middle, about }—1 in. long,

1 lin. wide, glabrous ; ochrez about 3 lin. long, brown, entire above,

more or less toothed below; flowers about 3 together; pedicel

slender, 14 lin. long ; perianth campanulate, 3 lin. long, pubescent

outside below ; lobes longer than the tube, oblong ; fruit 3 lin. long,

conical, ribbed, pubescent, with 3 horns } lin. long below.

Katanart Recron: Bechuanaland ; near the sources of the Kuruman River,

Burchell, 2459 ! 2487/1!

6. O. canescens (Sond. in Linnea, xxiii. 100); stem about 6 in.

high, much-branched, woody ; branches angular, clothed with down-

ward pointing white hairs; leaves pinnately or bipinnately lobed,

hairy like the branches ; lobes linear, hair-pointed ; ochree with

setaceous teeth from a triangular base; racemes 2-3 in. long,

interrupted ; flowers solitary ; pedicels eglandular ; perianth yellow,

24 lin. long ; segments oblong, acute ; filaments more slender than

in O. Zeyheri, with a tuft of hairs near the base ; styles 3, as long

as the stamens; ovary pubescent, with 3 basal horns. Meisn. in

DC. Prodr. xiv. 38.

Katanart ReGion: Transvaal; Marabastadt,. Nelson, 118! Rustenburg,

Collins, 46! Aapies River, Zeyher, 1451la, Burke !

There are also specimens at Kew marked ‘‘ Grahamstown, Atherstone,” but

there is doubt as to the correctness of this labelling.

7. 0. atriplicifolium, var. sinuatum (Baker in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Afr. vi. i. 101); stems diffuse, ascending, finely pubescent along

one side ; leaves deltoid to oblong, deeply pinnately lobed, acute,

abruptly cuneate at the base, puberulous, 14} in. long, 9 lin. wide ;

petiole 3 lin. long ; ochree 3 lin. long, pubescent, setee as long as

the tube ; racemes lax, usually about 6 lin. long, slender ; bracts

similar to the ochree, 2—3-flowered ; perianth 1} lin. long, pale

pink ; lobes ovate; fruiting-perianth 3 lin. long, conical at the

base and apex, with a spreading spine from each of the three angles

below the middle. O. sinuatum, Dammer in Engl. & Prantl; Pflanz-

enfam. iii. 1a, 30. O. cordofanum, Dammer, l.c. O. canescens, var.

subglabra, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. iii. 57. Ceratogonum

sinuatum, Hochst. & Steud. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 231 ;

Meisn. in DO. Prodr. xiv. 40. ©. cordofanum, Meisn. l.c. 39.

C. atriplicifolium, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 231 ; Oliv. in Trans.

Linn. Soc. xxix. 141. Diplopyramis zxthiopica, Welw. Apont. 591:

J. Britt. in Journ. Bot. 1895, 75.

Oxygonum. | POLYGONACE& (Wright). 463

KataHari Recion: Transvaal ; Boschveld, Elands River, Rehmann 4994! near

Hammanskraal, 4900 ft., Schlechter, 4194! Pietersburg, 4000 ft., Bolus, 10884!

Pretoria, Miss Leendertz, 589! Potgieters Rust, Miss Leendertz, 1877 ! Portuguese

East Africa ; woods at Masuku, 100 ft., Schlechter, 12112!

II. POLYGONUM, Linn.

Flowers hermaphrodite, very varely polygamous. Perianth

coloured, deeply 5- (rarely 4-) lobed or partite, persistent ; segments

equal or the outer three rather larger, but little accrescent.

Stamens usually 8, inserted near the base of the perianth ;

filaments filiform ; anthers oblong, the two cells united only by a

short connective. Ovary trigonous with 3 styles or lenticular with

2 styles; stigmas capitate, usually entire; ovule solitary, basal.

Fruit a trigonous or lenticular nut enclosed in the persistent

perianth. Seed similar in shape to the nut ; embryo eccentric or

lateral in the albumen; cotyledons usually narrow, longer or

shorter than the incumbent or accumbent radicle.

Herbs or shrubs, erect, prostrate or scandent; leaves alternate ; ochree mem-

branous, clasping the stem, often fringed with bristles ; flowers usually fascicled

in the axils of membranous bracts ; fascicles often arranged in terminal racemes,

spikes or panicles ; pedicels articulated.

Distris. Species about 150, cosmopolitan.

Perianth 4-merous :

Leaves oval and oblong, 2-6 lin. long ... wes ... (1) atraphaxoides.

Leaves lanceolate, 4-5 in. long ... S a -.. (11) glutinosum.

Perianth 5-merous :

Leaves not more than 1 in. long, linear to oblong :

Nutlet shorter than the perianth —.... iss

Nutlet longer than the perianth = cas ap

Leaves not more than 14 in. long, ovate or deltoid-

(2) aviculare,

(3) maritimum.

ovate :

Nutlet lenticular; styles2 ... ee ve ... (4) alatum.

Nutlet triquetrous ; styles 3... a ae ... (5) Convolvulus,

Leaves more than 2 in. long, oblong ... ie .. (6) amphibium.

Leaves more than 2 in. long, more or less lanceolate :

Styles 3:

' Peduncles glabrous ... Ab ay ike ... (7) serrulatum.

Peduncles hairy... aS sit tay (8) barbatum,

Peduncles glandular... ak eae otk .-. (9) meisnerianum,

Styles 2: ‘

Leaves densely hairy beneath :

not ciliate ... oe ... (10) lanigerum.

Bracts ciliate ae ‘ ... (12) tomentosum,

Leaves hairy on the nerves and margins only :

Ochreze not ciliate at the mouth :

Peduncle not glandular eos re ... (18) senegalense.

Peduncle glandular :

Perianth glandular ... as nk --» (14) lapathifolium.

464 — POLYGONACE (Wright). [ Polygonum.

Perianth not glandular... we ... (15) strigosum.

Ochre ciliate at the mouth:

Ochrez naked :

Leaves oblong-lanceolate ... ane ... (16) pedunculare.

Leaves narrowly lanceolate... so .». (17) hystriculum.

Ochres densely hairy ... sh ae ... (18) acuminatum.

1. P. atraphaxoides (Thunb. Prodr. 77); an undershrub up to

2 ft. high; stem erect, glabrous, much-branched, terete; leaves

oval or oblong, 2-6 lin. long, 1-3 lin. wide, acute (rarely obtuse),

subsessile, glabrous, minutely pitted below ; ochre membranous,

nearly as long as the short internodes, whitish or pale brown, long

laciniate ; flowers in a dense leafy spike at the apex of the branches ;

perianth i} lin. long ; lobes 4, oval, the 2 outer concave, keeled,

2 inner flat ; stamens 6, much shorter than the perianth ; filaments

broad, flat, shortly united at the base ; ovary compressed, orbicular ;

styles 2, very short ; nut lenticular ; cotyledons incumbent. Meisn.

in DO. Prodr. xiv. 84; Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iii. 1a, 27,

fig. 130; Bolus & Wolley-Dod in Trans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc. xiv. 311.

P. Atraphaaxis, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 385. P. undulatum, Berg.

Descr. Pl. Cap. 135. Atraphaxis undulata, Linn. Syst. Veg. ed. xiv.

345; Drége, Zwei Pf. Documente, 87, 128 ; Meisn. in Linnea, xiv. 489.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Villette! Smith! Oldenburg, 841!

Coast Recion: Cape Div.; between Cape Town and Table Mountain, on the

plain, Burchell, 33! Table Mountain, Ecklon, 121! Galpin, 4433! near Camps

Bay, 300 ft., Bolus, 2438! Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountains, 1000-2000 ft., Drége!

French Hoek, 2000 ft., Schlechter, 10276! Bredasdorp Div. Elands Kloof,

600 ft., Schlechter, 9759! Caledon Div., Thom, 972! Uniondale Div. ; near

Ongelegen in Longkloof, Bolus, 2438! Uitenhage Div. ; between Van Stadens

Berg and Bethelsdorp, under 1000 ft., Drége! Van Stadens Hoogte, MacOwan,

2075! Sand Fontein, Burke! at or near the Lead Mine, Burchell, 4492! Albany

- ; Assegai Bosch, Baur, 1097! and without precise locality, Harvey, 29!

owker !

2. P. aviculare (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 362); a polymorphic species ;

stem procumbent, branched from the base, upper part ascending,

more rarely erect, ribbed, glabrous or minutely scabrous ; leaves

oblong, lanceolate or linear, up to 1 in. long and 3 lin. wide, but

usually smaller, glabrous or scabrous on the margin, entire ; ochres

silvery, membranous, long laciniate ; flowers in 3-5-flowered axillary

fascicles ; pedicels short, jointed at the apex ; perianth 1 lin. long,

tapering downwards ; stamens 8 ; styles 3; nut ovoid-trigonous, not

longer than the perianth, minutely rugose, not shining. Meisn. in

Linnea, xiv. 486, and in DC. Prodr. xiv. 97; Engl. Bot. ed. 3,

t. 1229; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 26; Gage in Rec. Bot, Surv. Ind. ii.

379, 420; Bolus & Wolley-Dod in Trans. 8S. Afr. Phil. Soc. xiv. $11;

Baker & OC. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 105; var.

dregeanum, Meisn. in Linnea, xiv. 486. P. dregeanum, Meisn. in

Linnea, xiv. 487 ; Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 58,131. P. Dregei,

Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 98. “P. herniarioides, Drége, l.c. 93, not

Polygonum. | POLYGONACE (Wright). 465

of Del. ; var. prostratum, Meisn. Syn. Polyg. 62, in Linnea, xiv. 486,

and in DC. Prodr, xiv. 93. P. Roxburghii, var. longifolium, Meisn.

in DC. Prodr. xiv. 93.

SoutuH Arrica : without locality, Oldenbury, 2168! Bowker !

Coast ReEcion: Cape Div.; Claremont Flats, Wolley-Dod, 621! Riversdale

Div. ; between Zoetemelks River and Little Vet River, Burchell, 6821 ! Queenstown

Div. ; Engotini, near Shiloh, Baur, 966!

CentRAL Recion: Victoria West Div. ; Nieuwe Veld, Dreye! Albert Div. ;

without precise locality, Cooper, 1377 !

WesteERN Recion: Little Namaqualand ; near Verleptpram, Dréye !

Kavawart Recion: Griqualand West ; along the Vaal River, Burchell, 1759/1!

Basutoland ; without precise locality, Cooper, 3057 ! Transvaal ; Pretoria, 4400 ft.,

Miss Leendertz, 411! Townlands, Zeerust, Evans, 9! Groot Vlei, Heidelburg

Distr., Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin., 7866! Potchefstroom, Burtt-Davy, 1771!

Mathibis Kom, between Lorenzo Marques and Komati River, Bolus, 9755! Farm

Ludlow, Springbok Flats, Burtt-Davy, 2494 !

Eastern Recion: Griqualand East ; near Kokstad, Haygarth in Herb. Wood.,

4273! Natal; Van Reenans Pass, 5000 ft., Wood, 4564 !

A native of the North Temperate Zone of the Old World ; now widely dispersed.

This species much resembles P. plebeium, R. Br. (Prodr. 420), with which it is

easily confused in the flowering state, but can be distinguished when in fruit by

the nut of the latter being smooth and shining.

3. P. maritimum (Linn. Sp. PI. ed. i. 361); stem prostrate, much-

branched and woody at the base; leaves linear- or oval-oblong,

about 7 lin. long and 2 lin. wide, rather fleshy ; ochrex scarious,

4 lin. long, at first ovate and entire, finally laciniate ; flowers 1-3 in

axillary clusters ; perianth 1} lin. long, scarcely enlarged in fruit,

pink or almost white ; lobes 5, obovate, obtuse, l-nerved ; stamens 8,

about half as long as the perianth ; filaments shortly subulate from

a broadly ovate base ; ovary trigonous ; styles 3; nutlet brown,

trigonous, longer than the perianth. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult.

385 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr, xiv. 88; Engl. Bot. ed. 3, t. 733; Bolus

& Wolley-Dod in Trans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc. xiv. 311.

Coast Reaion : Cape Diy. ; Camps Bay, Alexander Prior! Wolley-Dod, 2884!

Also in Western and South Europe, North Africa, the Atlantic Islands and

North America,

4. P. alatum (Bucb.-Ham. ex D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nep. 72); an

erect or procumbent annual ; stem slender, glabrous, internodes long ;

leaves ovate or deltoid-ovate, up to 1 in. long and 9 lin. wide, entire,

acute, minutely verrucose ; petiole 3-6 lin. long, broadly winged,

wing often cordate at the base ; ochre tubular, oblique, membranous,

entire; flowers in capitate few-flowered cymes subtended by a

reduced leaf at the apex of slender branches, which are glandular

or slightly hairy at their tips ; perianth 1} lin. long ; lobes about as

long as the tube, oblong, obtuse ; stamens 6-8, much shorter than

the perianth ; filaments narrowly lanceolate ; anthers dark brown,

cells discrete; ovary compressed ; styles 2, nearly as long as the

ovary, united nearly half-way; nut lenticular, chestnut-brown,

shining, very minutely verrucose. Spreng. Syst. Veg. Cur. Post. 154 ;

VOL. V.—SECT. I. eT

466 POLYGONACE (Wright). [ Polygonum.

Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 41; Gage in Ree. Bot. Surv. Ind. ii. 404,

427: Baker & 0. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. 1. 104: oP.

punctatum, var. alatum, Meisn. Monogr. Polyg. 85.

Kabanart ReGion : Transvaal ; Houtbosch (Woodbush) Mountains, 6300 The;

Schlechter, 4715 ; Belfast, Burtt-Davy, 1394!

Eastern Recion: Griqualand East ; Malowe, 4500 ft., Tyson, 3093! Natal ;

near Byrne, Wood, 3432!

Also in Tropical Africa, Madagascar and Tropical Asia, probably introduced into

South Africa..

5. P. Convolvulus (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 364); an annual ; stem

twining, slender ; leaves cordate-ovate, acuminate, 14 in. long, 1 in.

wide, glabrous, or minutely puberulous on the upper side of the

nerves; petiole 6-9 lin. long, slender ; ochre short, obtuse,

glabrous ; flowers in axillary clusters collected into long terminal

slender racemes; pedicels 1 lin. long, articulated near the apex ;

perianth 1} lin. long; 3 outer segments navicular, herbaceous,

2 inner flat, obovate, obtuse; stamens 8, much shorter than the

perianth ; anthers pale buff; ovary triquetrous ; stigmas 3, capitate,

subsessile; nut nearly 2 lin. long, enclosed in the accrescent

perianth, triquetrous, dark brown, shining. Flor. Dan. t. 744;

Meisn. Monogr. Polyg. 63, t. 4, fig. P., and in DC. Prodr. xiv. 135 ;

Engl. Bot. ed. 3, t. 1227 ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v.53; Gage in Ree.

Bot. Surv. Ind. ii. 417 ; Bolus &: Wolley-Dod in Trans. S. Afr. Phil.

Soc. xiv. 311.

Coast Recon: Cape Div. ; about Rondebosch Camp, fide Bolus & Wolley-Dod.

Cathcart Div. ; Glencairn, 4500 ft., Galpin, 2408!

bcs acer Reaton : Transvaal ; Beginsel Farm, near Standerton, Burtt-Davy,

recagguas an introduced weed, Also in North Africa, Europe and Temperate

“ig

6. P. amphibium (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 361); perennial ; stem

trailing at the base and rooting from the nodes; leaves floating,

oblong, obtuse, broadly rounded at the base, 4 in. long, 14 in. wide,

smooth at the margins, long petioled ; ochrez membranous, truncate,

not ciliate ; perianth bright red, 2 lin. long ; stamens 5 ; styles 2,

united half-way up ; nut lenticular, shining, much shorter than. the

perianth, Meisn. in Linnea, xiv. 484, and in DO. Prodr. xiv. 115;

A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 224; Engl. Hochgebirgsf. Trop. Afr.

202 ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 34; Engl. Bot. ed. 3, tt. 1241-2 ; Gage

in Rec. Bot. Surv. Ind. ii. 423; Baker and C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl.

Trop. Afr. vi. i. 106.

Cenrrat Recton : Somerset Div. ; Little Fish River, MacOwan, 2135!

Katanart Rearon : Orange River Colony ; Sand River, Burke, 489 !. Vredefort,

Barrett-Hamilton | Bechuanaland ; Moshowing River, between Takun and Molito,

Burchell, 2282 |! Transvaal ; Standerton, Beginsel Farm, common in deep water

of vleis, Burtt-Davy, 1808 ! Hooge Veld, between Trigardsfontein and Standerton,

Rehmann, 6746 | Klerksdorp, Schoon Spruit, Nelson, 226 !

Polygonum.| POLYGONACE& (Wright). 467

_. 7% P. serrulatum (Lag. Gen. et Sp. Nov. 14); annual; stem

slender, glabrous, 2-3 ft. long, erect or decumbent at the base .

leaves lanceolate, acuminate, rounded at the base, subsessile,

glabrous or slightly hairy, the lower 3—4 in. long ; ochrew ciliate

with long bristles; spikes slender, cylindrical, often several to a

stem, 1$-2 in. long; peduncle very slender, glabrous ; bracts

rigidly ciliate ; perianth pink, eglandular, 1 lin. long ; stamens 6-8 ;

styles usually 3; nut usually trigonous, polished, shorter than the

perianth. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 110 ; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop.

Afr. 202; Gage in Rec. Bot. Surv. Ind. ii. 425 ; Bolus Wolley-Dod

in Trans. 8S. Afr. Phil. Soc. xiv. 311; Baker & C. H. Wright in Dyer,

Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 107. P. salicifolium, Del. Fl. Aigypt. Ilustr.

12; Meisn. Lc. P. strictum, Meisn. in Linnea, xiv. 485, as to the

South African plant. P. abyssinicum, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii.

225. P. scabrum, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 903, an Poir?

SourH Arrica: without locality, Banks & Solander! Oldenburg ! Pappe!

Cunningham !

Coast Rrcion: Cape Div.; Cape Flats, near Rondebosch, Burchell, 175!

Camps Bay, Burchell, 383! Black River, Wolley-Dod, 622! about the Ponds and

at Salt River, Burchell, 671! Caledon Div.; Palmiet River, near Grabouw,

700 ft., Bolus, 4187! Uitenhage Div. ; at or near Uitenhage, Burchell, 4234! on

marshy ground near the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 227! Div.? Five Islands

District, Bowie!

CreNnTRAL REGION : Somerset Div. ; near Somerset East, 2800 ft., MacOwan,

1055!

Katanart Reaton: Orange River Colony, Mrs. Barber! Parys, 4000 ft.,

Rogers, 2385 ! Transvaal ; Barberton, Miss Thorncroft, 28 ! 4978 ! MacMac, Mudd !

Lydenburg, Wilms, 1285! Komati Poort, 600 ft., Rogers, 84! Pretoria, Miss

Leendertz, 164 !

Eastern Recion: Transkei; Gekau (Geua) River, below 1000 ft., Dréye!

Kentani, 1200 ft., Miss Pegler, 402! Natal; Durban, 0-1000 ft., Grant!

Sutherland | Peddie! Gerrard, 653! near York, Wood, 4321! Polela, Fourcadi in

Herb. Wood., 4238! Drakensberg, Rehmann, 7021! Alexandra District, Dumisa,

Rudatis, 287 | Swaziland ; Hlalikulu, Miss Stewart, 23 !

Also in Tropical Africa,

8. P. barbatum (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 362); perennial; stem

slender, erect, hairy upwards or throughout; leaves lanceolate,

acuminate, narrowed to the base, nearly sessile, usually hairy on

both surfaces, the lower 4-6 in. long ; racemes cylindrical, slender,

2-3 in. long; peduncles hairy ; bracts conspicuously ciliate with

rigid bristles ; perianth pink, eglandular, | lin. long ; stamens 6-8 ;

ovary shortly conical ; styles 3; nutlet trigonous, small, smooth.

Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 385; Wight, Ic. t. 1798; Meisn. in DOC.

Prodr, xiv. 104; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 226; Aschers. in

Schweinf. Beitr. Fl, Aethiop. 170; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vy. 37 ;

Engl. Hochgebirgsf. Trop. Afr. 201 ; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss.

iv. App. ii. 155; De Wild. Etudes Fl. Bas et Moyen Congo, i. 238 ;

Gage in Rec. Bot. Surv. Ind. ii. 425 ; Baker & CO. H. Wright in Dyer,

Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 109.

Coast Raton: Cape Div. ; Muizenberg, Wallich, 394!

Also in Tropical Africa and Tropical Asia. A age

468 POLYGONACEA (Wright). | Polygonum.

9. P. meisnerianum (Cham. & Schlecht. in Linnea, iii. 40) ;

herbaceous ; stem erect, branched, terete, furnished (especially at

the nodes) with retrorse hairs; ochre up to 9 lin. long, truncate

and shortly ciliate at the mouth, sparsely hairy ; leaves shortly

petioled, narrowly lanceolate, more or less cordate or hastate at the

base, about 3 in. long and 6 lin. wide, sparsely hairy ; clusters of

flowers arranged in terminal lax pseudodichotomous panicles ; rhachis

slender, covered with stalked glands; bracts small, glandular ;

perianth rosy, 2 lin. long ; lobes 5, elliptic, obtuse ; stamens 5-8,

much shorter than the perianth ; ovary triquetrous ; style 3-partite ;

stigmas capitate; nutlet triquetrous, smooth, shining. Meisn. in

Mart. Fl. Bras. v. i. 19, t. 1, fig. 2, and in DC. Prodr. xiv. 132.

P. chamisseanum, Wedd. in Ann. Sci. Nat. 3 sér, xiii. 24. 2H

refractum, Mart. ea Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 132.

Kaanarr Recion : Transvaal ; near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1283! Hooge Veld,

Rehmann, 6585! Belfast, pools at Lakenvlei, Burtt-Davy, 1319!

Also in Brazil.

10. P. lanigerum (R. Br. Prodr. 419); perennial ; stem stout,

erect, 4-5 ft. high, white-tomentose upwards ; leaves shortly

petioled, lanceolate, acute, clothed densely beneath and thinly

above with persistent white tomentum, the lower 6-9 in. long,

14 in. broad at the middle; ochree long, membranous, ciliate ;

racemes dense or moderately dense, oblong or oblong-cylindrical,

1-3 in. long ; bracts orbicular, shortly ciliate ; peduncles pubescent,

eglandular ; perianth eglandular, 14-2 lin. long; stamens usually 6 ;

styles 2; nut lenticular, orbicular, black, shining. Meisn. in Linnea,

xiv. 485, and in DC. Prodr. xiv. 117 ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 35 5

Benth. Fl. Austral. v. 271; Gage in Ree. Bot. Surv. Ind. ii. 424.

KaLAHARI Recion : Bechuanaland ; banks of the Moshowing River between

Takun and Molito, Burchell, 2281!

Eastern Recion : Natal ; Pondoland ; between Umtata River and St. Johns

River, Drége! Umgazi River, Miss Pegler, 1562 ! Umhlanga, Wood, 1234! Durban

Flats, Mudd! Wood in MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 1847 !

Rehmann, 8748!

11. P. glutinosum, var. capense (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 120);

stem ascending, branched, glabrescent ; leaves lanceolate, 4-5 in.

long, 1 in. wide, the lower whitish hairy on both surfaces, the upper

glabrescent on both surfaces, densely fuscous glandular-punctate

beneath, nerves densely adpressed hirsute ; ochree shortly ciliate ;

racemes usually in pairs, narrowly cylindrical, dense-flowered ;

perianth-segments 4, glandular-punctate outside; stamens 6;

nutlet lenticular. P. glutinosum, Meisn. in Linnea, xiv. 484.

Coast Recon : Komgha Div. ; banks of the Kei River, 500 ft., Drége.

The type in India.

12. P. tomentosum (Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 447) ; perennial ; stems

stout, hairy, 3-4 ft. long; leaves shortly petioled, oblong-lanceolate,

Polygonum. | POLYGONACEA (Wright). 469

acute, narrowed gradually to the base, the lower 6-8 in. long,

14-2 in. wide at the middle, persistently hairy on both surfaces ;

ochree large, membranous and clasping the stem to the tip, ciliate

with long rigid bristles; spikes dense, cylindrical, 2—3 in. long ;

peduncles clothed with adpressed hairs; bracts strongly ciliate ;

perianth pink, not glandular, 1} lin. long ; stamens usually 7 ; ovary

globose ; styles 2; nut lenticular, orbicular, black, shining, shorter

than the perianth. Meisn. in Linnea, xiv. 483, and in DO. Prodr.

xiv. 124 (inel. vars. sericeo-velutinum, denudatum and strigillosum) ;

Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 142; Gartenfl. 1874, 291, t. 810;

Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 202 ; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw.

i. 905 ; Dammer in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 170; De Wild. Etudes

Fl. Bas et Moyen Congo, i. 238 ; Schuster in Bull. Herb, Boiss. 2"

sér. viii. 706; Baker & C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i.

110; var. limogenes, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw, i. 905. P.

setulosum, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 227. P. limogenes, Vatke ex

Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 202.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Banks & Solander! Harvey, 537 !

Coast Recion: Cape Div.; near Klein Constantia, Wolley-Dod, 433! 1934!

Paarl Div. ; Paarl, Alexander Prior ! Caledon Div. ; Zoetemelks Valley, Burchell,

7584! George Div. ; about the sources of the Keurbooms River, Burchell, 5072!

Knysna Div.; Knysna, Pappe! Uitenhage Div.; Uitenhage, Cooper, 1492!

Alexander Prior! in moist spots in the channel of tha Zwartkops River, Drége !

Zeyher, 114! Algoa Bay, Cooper, 3061! Port Elizabeth Div. ; Port Elizabeth, on

sand hills and rocky shores, Drége!

KaLaHart Recton: Orange River Colony; Parys, Rogers, 2386! 2387! and

without precise locality, Cooper, 3058 ! Transvaal ; Hooge Veld, between Porter

and Trigardsfontein, Rehmann, 6642! Lydenburg, Wilms, 1282! Pretoria, hills

above Apies River, Rehmann, 4291! Bereaparle, Miss Leendertz, 605 ! Houtbosch

(Woodbush) Mountains, Nelson, 499! Komati Poort, Rogers, 5135!

Eastern Reaion: Transkei Div.; near Bazeia, 2000 ft., Bawr, 71! Natal:

ranges 30-60 miles from the sea, 2000-3500 ft., Sutherland! Durban, (rant!

Gerrard, 598! Inanda, Wood, 60! 324! river bank, Ipolweni, Wood, 4302!

Umzimkulu River, Drége! Alexandra Distr., Dumisa, Rudatis, 330 !

Also in Tropical Africa, North Africa and Tropical Asia.

13. P. senegalense (Meisn. Monogr. Polyg. 54); perennial ; stems

robust, erect, glabrous, 4-5 ft. high; leaves distinctly petioled,

oblong-lanceolate, glabrous except on the midrib and margins,

acute, narrowed very gradually to the base, the lower 6-8 in. long,

14-2 in. broad at the middle; ochree large, truncate, not ciliate

with bristles: racemes few or several, cylindrical, moderately

dense, 2-3 in. long; bracts broadly ovate, not fringed ; pedicels

2-3-nate, finally about as long as the bract; perianth pale pink,

14 lin. long; stamens usually 7; styles 2; nut orbicular, with

flattened faces, shining, nearly black. Meisn. in DC. Prodr, xiv.

123 ; Aschers, in Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 171; Engl. Hochge-

birgsfl. Trop. Afr. 202; Durand & Schinz, Etudes Fl. Congo, i. 236 ;

Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. App. ii. 156; Hiern in Cat. Afr.

Pl. Welw. i. 904; Baker & OC. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr.

vi. i. 111. P. macrocheton, Fresen. in Flora, 1838, 601; A. Rich.

Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii, 225, P. nodosum, Pers. Syn. i. 440; Garcke in

470 POLYGONACE (Wright). | Polygonum.

Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 503; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr.

202; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 343; Gage in Rec, Bot.

Surv. Ind. ii. 396. P. quadrifidum, Meisn. in Linneea, xiv. 485, not

of Buch.-Ham. P. lapathifoliwm, var. nodosum, Hook, f. Fl. Brit.

Ind, v. 35. |

Coast Recon: Cape Div. ; in sandy plains around Diep River, near Constantia,

er 100 ft , Drége. Districts of George and Albany, Bowie! Div.? Stony Vale,

all!

_CrntTrat Recion: Prince Albert Div. ; by the River Gamka between Blaauwe-

krans and Wilgebosch Fontein, 2000 ft., Drége.

Eastern Recon: Pondoland; near St. Johns River, 500-1000 ft., Drége.

Also in Egypt, Tropical Africa, Madagascar and Tropical Asia.

14, P. lapathifolium, sub-sp. maculatum (Dyer & Trim. in Journ.

Bot. 1871, 36); annual; stem glabrous, erect, 2-3 ft. long; leaves

lanceolate, green, glabrous except for some short bristles on the

underside of the midrib; ochree short, membranous, not ciliate ;

petiole short, with short adpressed bristles ; racemes cylindrical,

not very dense, 14-2 in. long, several to a stem ; peduncles slender,

rough with glands; bracts orbicular, not ciliate; perianth pale

pink, glandular, 1 lin. long; styles 2; nut lenticular, orbicular,

black, shining, nearly as long as the perianth. Baker d& C. H.

Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 108. P. lapathifolium, Bolus

d& Wolley-Dod in Trans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soe. xiv. 311. Persicaria

maculata, S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. ii. 270.

Coast Recion: Cape Div. ; Vley between Diep River and Retreat, Wolley-Dod,

1220! near Muizenberg Vley, Wolley-Dod, 2633! Uitenhage Div. ; Uitenhage,

Zeyher, 771! Alexander Prior! Div. ? Five Islands District, Bowie, 22!

Ceyrrat Recion: Graaff Reinet Div. ; Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft., Bolus, 662!

Albert Div. ; Cooper, 604! ;

Karanarti Reaion : Griqualand West ; at Griquatown, Burchell, 1914! Orange

River Colony ; Harrismith, Sankey, 252! Transvaal; Standerton, Burtt-Davy,

905! Lydenburg, Wilms, 1284! Zuikerbosch Kop, Nelson, 391! Pyramid, 4500 ft.,

Rogers, 1032! Pretoria, Miss Leendertz, 10! Rock River, Burke! along Apies

River, Burtt-Davy, 835! Potchefstroom, 3000 ft., Bolus, 3108! and without

precise locality, Holub! Springbok Flats, Burtt-Dary, 2499!

Eastern Recion: Transkei; Kentani, 1200 ft., Miss Pegler, 258! Natal;

Mount Edgeumbe, Wood, 1124! Durban, Grant!

Also in Tropical Africa and the North Temperate Zone.

15. P. strigosum (R. Br. Prodr. 420); annual; stem slender,

branched, furnished with recurved bristles; leaves lanceolate,

truncate at the base, hairy, membranous, distinctly petioled, the

lower 5-6 in. long; ochrex not ciliate ; racemes subglobose, 3 lin.

long, at the ends of the slender glandular-hispid branches of a lax

panicle ; bracts orbicular, not ciliate ; perianth pink, not glandular,

1 lin, long; stamens 5; styles 2; nut lenticular, subglobose,

shorter than the perianth. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 134 ; Benth.

Fl. Austral. iv. 268; Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 47; Dammer im

Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. 0.170; Baker & C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Afr. vi. i. 106, :

Polygonwm.} POLYGONACEA (Wright). 471

Eastern REGION : Natal, ex Dammer.

Also in Tropical Africa, Fropical Asia and Australia,

16. P. pedunculare (Wall. Cat. no. 1718); stem erect, glabrous

or slightly puberulous ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, cuneate

at the base, minutely ciliate on the margins, otherwise glabrous,

thinly membranous, up to 6 in. long and 1 in. wide ; petiole slender,

} in. long; ochree obtusely truncate, very shortly ciliate at the

mouth only, membranous, strongly nerved; panicle terminal,

pseudo-dichotomous, axis finely glandular ; bracteoles ovate, very

short, ciliate, brown, membranous; pedicels about as long as or

shorter than the bracteoles; perianth-lobes oblong, obtuse ;

stamens 5; styles 2, united about half-way ; nutlet orbicular,

biconvex, straw-coloured. Wight, Ic. t. 1802 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 133, partly ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 48; Gage in Rec, Bot.

Surv. Ind, ii. 426; Schuster in Bull. Herb. Boiss, 2™° sér. viii. 710 ;

Baker & C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 107.

Katanart Rearon: Transvaal ; Hooge Veld, Bronkers Spruit, Rehmann, 6577,

Vilgeris to Porter, Rehmann, 6585.

Also in Tropical Africa, Tropical Asia and Australia,

17. P. hystriculum (Schuster in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2" sér. viii.

705); stem erect, 12-20 in. high, reddish-fuscous, glabrous,

thickened at the nodes; internodes 4-9 lin. long ; ochree naked,

ciliate at the mouth with very rigid sete nearly 1 lin. long ; leaves

8-24 in. long, 2-34 lin. wide, narrowly lanceolate, tapering into

the petiole, when young scabrous with adpressed bristles, when

adult scabrous only on the margin and midrib, containing crystals of

calcium oxalate, central part black ; spikes dense, 9-18 lin. long, erect

or inclined ; bracts turbinate, contiguous, naked at the mouth, rarely

with a few sete at the mouth ; pedicels naked ; perianth rose-coloured,

veins straight or subarcuate ; stamens 6 ; style bipartite above, arms

subarcuate, } longer than the perianth ; nutlet orbicular, shining,

1 lin. long ; cotyledons accumbent.

. Western Rearon : Great Namaqualand ; Hinaab, Fleck, 323a,

18. P. acuminatum, var. capense (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 114) ;

stem erect, branched, terete, with adpressed hairs when young,

afterwards glabrous; leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 5 in.

long, 9 lin. wide, acuminate, shortly cuneate at the base, at first

sparsely short-hairy above, finally scabrous only on the principal

nerves and margin, glandular beneath ; ochree tubular, 1 in. long,

truncate, densely clothed with adpressed hairs, ciliate at the mouth

with bristles 4 lin. long; racemes 2-3 at or near the apex of the

stem, on pubescent peduncles 1}-2 in. long ; flowers few in a cluster ;

pedicels slightly longer than the bracts ; bracts 1 lin. long, rounded,

ciliate ; perianth 2 lin. long, pink ; segments oblong, obtuse ;

472 POLYGONACE& (Wright). [ Polygonum.

stamens about 6, nearly as long as the perianth ; ovary compressed,

orbicular ; styles 2, 1 lin. long ; stigmas capitate ; nut plano-convex,

1} lin. long, 1 lin. wide, almost black.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Bowie ! :

Coast Reaion: Riversdale Div. ; Corente River Farm, Muir in Herb. Galpin,

5295! Uitenhage Div. ; without precise locality, Zeyher, 14.

Eastern Recion : Albany Div. ; by river sides, Miss Bowker! Delagoa Bay,

100 ft., Schlechter, 12003!

The type occurs in Tropical Africa and Tropical America,

IIT. RUMEX, Linn.

Flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual. Perianth-segments usually 6,

three inner (valves) much enlarged in fruit, three outer unchanged.

Stamens 6, inserted at the base of the perianth ; filaments short ;

anthers linear-oblong. Ovary trigonous; styles 3, spreading ;

stigmas fimbriate ; ovule solitary, erect. Nutlet trigonous, included

in the persistent inner perianth. Seed similar in shape to the

nutlet ; embryo on one side of the albumen, straight or curved ;

cotyledons linear or oblong.

Herbs, more rarely shrubs ; leaves alternate, often cordate or hastate ; ochre

membranous ; flowers in whorls arranged in leafy or leafless terminal panicles.

Disrris, Species about 100. Cosmopolitan, but most numerous in the

temperate regions. Some of the following have probably been introduced into

South Africa,

Inner perianth-segments toothed or fimbriate : fe

Teeth of perianth-segments hooked .... we ... (1) nepalensis.

Teeth of perianth-segments not hooked :

Teeth of perianth-segments stout ... ....... (2) puleher.

Teeth of perianth-segments setaceous : Ss

Clusters many-flowered ... ... «.. ~—«.» +~(3) garipensis.

Clusters few-flowered oo ee otf ... (4) fimbriatus.

Inner perianth-segments entire :

Leaves usually sagittate :

Inner perianth-segments not warted... ...«.. (5) sagittatus.

Inner perianth-segments warted oe ick ..- (6) Acetosa.

Leaves cordate or hastate (see also 14. Woodii) :

Pedicels jointed at the apex ... ae zee

Pedicels jointed at or below the middle : :

Leaves hastate aoe oon aoe eee ve (8) lativalvis.

Leaves cordate-ovate os ii yay .» (9) cordatus.

Pedicels not jointed... evs ... (10) aquaticus,

_ Leaves not cordate, hastate or sagittate :

Leaves much tapering to the base : .

One perianth-segment with a small wart... ... (11) Meyeri.

Two or three perianth-segments with large warts (12) ecklonianus.

Perianth-segments not warted ..,. ... ++» (14) Woodji,

... (7) Acetosella.

Rumex.| POLYGONACEZ (Wright), 473

Leaves not usually much tapering to the base:

Inner perianth-segments not warted :

Pedicels jointed at the middle... —... ... (13) dregeanus.

Pedicels jointed below the middle phe se» (14) Woodii.

Inner perianth-segments (or one of them) warted :

Inner perianth-segments suborbicular ... ..». (15) ecrispus,

Inner perianth-segments deltoid-ovate :

Panicle leafy below... es aes ... (16) Hydrolapathum.

Panicle leafless ... iv sue ca ... (17) linearis.

Inner perianth-segments oblong, obtuse ... (18) sanguineus.

Inner perianth-segments linear-oblong, subacute (19) conglomeratus.

1. R. nepalensis (Spreng. Syst. ii. 159); stem erect, 2-4 ft. high ;

radical leaves up to 14 in. long and 5 in. wide, ovate-oblong or

triangular-ovate, acute or obtuse, more or less cordate at the base,

upper narrowed at the base and often sessile ; panicle terminal ;

whorls distant ; pedicels slender ; inner perianth-segments orbicular-

ovate, one or all with a large wart on the back, edged with hooked

lacinie, strongly reticulate. Meisn. Syn. Polyg. 64, in Linnea, xiv.

492, and in DO. Prodr. xiv. 55; Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 51 ;

Wight, Ic. Pl. t. 1810; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 60; Baker and

CO. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi.i. 117. RB. obtusifolius, T.

Thoms. in Speke, Nile, Append. 645, not of Linn. ; var., Oliv. in Trans.

Linn. Soe. xxix. 141; var. Steudelii, Hook. f. in Journ. Linn, Soc.

vii. 214. R. Steudelii, Hochst. ex A. Br. in Flora, 1841, i. 278;

Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 204 ; var. cordifolius, A. Rich. Tent.

Fl. Abyss. ii. 229. RB. steudelianus, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 56 ;

var. cordifolius, Meisn. le. R. ramulosus, E. Meyer ex Meisn, in DC.

Prodr. xiv. 55. R. hamulosus, E. Meyer ex Meisn. in DC. Prodr,

xiv. 693.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Oldenburg, 527!

Coast Recron : British Kaffraria ; Shiloh, 3500 ft., Bawr, 1134!

Centra Recton: Aliwal North Div. ; Kraai River, 4500 ft., Drége! Graaff

Reinet Div. ; Sneeuw Berg Range, near Quaggas Drift, 3800 ft., Bolus, 2593 !

Kananart Recron: Orange River Colony ; Harrismith, Sankey, 253! Basuto-

land ; without precise locality, Cooper, 2986! Transvaal ; Fountain Grove, Miss

Leendertz, 654 ! é

Eastern Recon: Transkei; Kentani, 1200 ft., Miss Pegler, 1407! Natal;

in swamps on the Drakensberg, Hvans, 383!

Alsoin Tropical Africa and from Asia Minor and Java.

A specimen collected by Wood (4005) near the mouth of the Umgeni, Natal,

consists of a plant with old fruit and two detached leaves. The fruit agrees with

that of 2. obtusifolius, Linn., but the leaves, which are oblong, 8 in. long, 2 in.

wide, acute at both ends and on petioles 5 in. long, are more like those of

R. crispus, Linn, It comes nearest to &. nepalensis, Spreng., of the South

African species, but may be a hybrid.

2. R. pulcher (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 336) ; a biennial or perennial ;

stem erect, up to 2 feet high, ribbed ; leaves oblong or panduriform,

sometimes slightly cordate, lower obtuse, upper acute, minutely and

irregularly crenulate, petiolate ; panicle terminal with spreading

474 POLYGONACE (Wright). | Rumen.

branches ; whorls distant ; pedicels moderately stout, jointed below

the middle ; inner perianth-segments oblong in fruit, conspicuously

toothed, veins reticulate, with an oblong (often rough) wart on the

back. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 58; Engl. Bot. ed. 3, t. 1214;

Bolus d& Wolley-Dod in Trans. S. Afr. Phil. Soc. xiv. 312 ; Dammer

in Engl. & Prantl, Planzenfam. iii. 14. 18; Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ.

xxiv. ¢, 183, figs. 1-6.

Coast Reraton: Cape Div.; roadside near Wynberg, Wolley-Dod, 2020!

Simons Bay, MacGillivray, 598 !

Also in Europe, North Africa and Western Asia.

3. R. garipensis (Meisn. in Linnea, xiv. 491); an erect glabrous

herb 1-2 ft. high, branched from the base ; lowest leaves lanceolate-

oblong, obliquely cordate at the base, 4 in. long, central lanceolate,

uppermost linear, all entire and acute; petioles from 14 in. long in

the lower part to about } in. long in the uppermost ; whorls many-

flowered, distant below, approximate above; pedicels erect or

recurved, 1—3 lin. long, slender ; inner perianth-segments ovate or

ovate-oblong, 1 lin. long, acuminate, with 3-4 unequal teeth on

each side, one bearing a tubercle, the others naked. Meisn. in DC.

Prodr, xiv. 60 (incl. var. elatus) ; Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 93.

3 maritimus, FE. Meyer ex Meisn. in DC. Prodr, xiv. 60, not of

in,

Var. 8, humilis (Meisn. in Linnea, xiv. 491); much smaller in all its parts ;

whorls approximate or almost confluent into a leafy raceme. Drége, Zwei PA.

Doewmente, 94.

Western Recton : Little Namaqualand ; between Verleptpram and the mouth

of the Orange River, Drége! Var. 8, at the mouth of the Orange River, Drége !

4. R. fimbriatus (Poir. Encycl. v. 65, not of R. Br.); root

tuberous ; stem herbaceous, nodose, branched, decumbent; leaves

subcordate, subrepand, fleshy, petiolate ; racemes terminal ; clusters

3—4-flowered ; pedicels short, slender, jointed at the middle ; inner

perianth-segments (especially towards. the apex) finely laciniate-

fimbriate, almost plumose. Campderd, Monogr. Rum. 138 ; Schult.

f, Syst. Veg. vii. 1471; Meisn. in Linnea, xiv. 501, and in DC.

Prodr, xiv. 62.

SoutH Arrica, ex Poiret.

5. R. sagittatus (Thunb. Prodr. 67) ; stem erect, flexuous ; leaves

sagittate with obtuse or acute basal lobes, entire, up to 3 in. long

and 1} in. wide, glabrous, membranous ; petiole up to 14 in. long ;

panicle terminal, leafless; whorls few-flowered ; pedicels slender,

jointed near the base ; flowers usually diccious; inner perianth-

segments in fruit orbicular-cordate, quite entire, strongly reticulate,

not warted at the base. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult, 341 ; Meisn. in

Linnea, xiv, 498, and in DC. Prodr. xiv, 68 (incl. var. latilobus) 5

Rumex.| POLYGONACEA (Wright). 475.

Drége, Zwei Pfl. Docwmente, 90, 129, 151, 158; Bolus & Wolley-Dod

in Trans. 8S. Afr. Phil. Soe. xiv. 312. R. luxurians, Linn. f. Suppl.

212, not Mant. 64. R. Burchellii, Campderé, Monogr. Rum. 135.

Var. 8, angustilobus (Meisn. in Linnea, xiv. 499); leaves about as long as

the petioles, hastate- or sagittate-triangular, lobes lanceolate or triangular-

oblong, acuminate, lateral shorter than the terminal, Drége, Zwei PA. Documente,

125, 135,

VaR. y, megalotys (Meisn. in Linnma, xiv. 499); leaves shorter than the

petiole, hastate-triangular, lobes lanceolate or oblong-triangular, lateral divaricate,

usually longer and narrower than the terminal. Drége, Zwei Pf. Documente, 90,

Var. 6, cordifolius (Meisn. in Linnea, xiv. 499); leaves shorter than the

petiole, lower cordate, ovate or suborbicular, obtuse or subacute, auricles obtuse

or rotundate.

Soutn Arrica : without locality, Harvey, 540!

Coast Recion: George Div.; Longkloof, mountains near the souree of the

Keurbooms River, Burchell, 5086 ! Uitenhage Div.; Uitenhage, Alexander Prior !

Port Elizabeth Div.; near Port Elizabeth, under 100 ft., Drége! Albany Div. ;

Grahamstown, 2000 ft., MacOwan, 198! and Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1944! Var. B:

Knysna Div.; Bosch River, under 100 ft., Drége! Alexandria Div. ; between

Hoffmanns Kloof and Drie Fontein, 1000-2000 ft., Drége!

CENTRAL Recton: Somerset Div. ; foot of the Bosch Berg, MacOwan, 198 !

Graaff Reinet Div. ; along the Sundays River, near Monkey Ford, Burchell, 2890!

near Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft., Bolus, 667 !

Western Recton: Var. y: Little Namaqualand ; Silver Fontein, near Ookiep,

2000-3000 ft., Drége! Var. 5: Little Namaqualand; Silver Fontein, 2500 ft.,

Drége ex Meisner,

Kaanari Reaion : Orange River Colony ; Harrismith, Sankey, 251! and with-

out precise locality, Cooper, 1073! Transvaal, near Lydenburg, Wilms, 1279!

Vlakfontein, near Amersfoort, Burtt-Dary, 4041! Sabie, Burtt-Davy, 1546!

Pretoria, Miss Leendertz, 604! Shilouvane, Junod, 646! and without precise

locality, Nelson, 5!

Eastern Recton; Pondoland ; between St. Johns River and Umsikaba River,

1000-2000 ft., Drége! Natal ; Durban, Peddie! Inanda, Wood, 96 ! Umlazi River

Heights, under 500 ft., Drége, and without precise locality, Gerrard, 300! Swazi-

land ; on grassy slopes at Hlatikulu, Miss Stewart, 97 !

6. R. Acetosa (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 337); perennial, glabrous ;

stem 1-2 ft. high, simple; radical leaves sagittate, 3-6 in. long,

on long petioles, glaucous beneath, upper sessile ; panicle leafless,

with erect branches; flowers diccious; whorls dense; pedicels

jointed below the middle ; inner perianth-segments in fruit orbicular,

quite entire, warted at the base. Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 44 ;

Meisn. in Linnea, xiv. 496, and in DC, Prodr. xiv. 64; Engl. Bot.

ed. 3, t. 1223.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Oldenburg, 372! —

Coast Reaion : Stockenstrom Div. ; Katberg, 3000-4000 ft., Drege!

Also in the North Temperate and Arctic regions.

7. R. Acetosella (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 338) ; stem herbaceous, erect,

simple or sparingly branched, 3 in. to 1 ft. high ; leaves hastate,

more rarely oblong, up to 1} in. long but usually much smaller,

terminal lobe much larger than the lateral and up to 8 lin. wide,

quite entire, petioled ; panicle terminal, leafless, with erect branches;

476. POLYGONACE (Wright). [ Rumen.

pedicels short, jointed at the apex ; inner perianth-segments ovate,

entire. Thunb. Prodr. 67, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 341; Meisn. in

Linnea, xiv. 496, and in DO. Prodr. xiv. 63; Drége, Zwei Pf.

Documente, 107 ; Engl. Bot. ed. 3, t. 1224; Bolus d&: Wolley-Dod in

Trans. S. Afr. Phil. Soc. xiv. 311.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Burke.

Coast Rraion: Cape Div. ; Rondebosch, between the Steen Berg and Con-

stantia, below 1000 ft., Drége! Wynberg Flats, Alexander Prior! Westen-

ford, Wolley-Dod, 1896! Tokay, Ecklon, 711! Humansdorp Div. ; Storms River,

600 ft., Galpin, 4430!

Katanarti Recion: Transvaal; Bezuidenhout Valley, Johannesberg, (Gilfillan,

in Herb. Galpin, 7235! Pretoria Kopjes, Miss Leendertz, 956 !

Eastern Recion: Tembnland ; Cala, 4000 ft., Miss Pegler, 1685! Natal ;

Mooi River, 4000 ft., Wood, 4032!

Almost cosmopolitan.

8. R. lativalvis, var. acetosoides (Meisn. in Linnza, xiv. 497) ;

root tuberous ; stem }—2 ft. or more high, erect, glabrous, often

flexuous ; leaves hastate, terminal lobe oblong-lanceolate, 1—2 in.

long, 4-6 lin. wide, 3-4 times as large as the ovate or oblong

lateral ; petiole of lowest leaves 3-4 in. long; uppermost leaves

lanceolate or linear ; panicle monccious, leafless ; pedicels capillary,

1-3 lin. long, patent, jointed below the middle; inner perianth-

segments broadly triangular-ovate becoming almost reniform, 2 lin.

long, 2-3 lin. wide, entire, naked, nerves very slender, Meisn. in

DC. Prodr, xiv. 67 ; Drége, Zwei PA. Documente, 90, 106.

Var. B, decipiens (Meisn. in Linnmwa, xiv. 497); lobes of the leaves linear or

narrowly lanceolate, lateral half as long as the terminal but sometimes wider

and often curved upwards. Drége, Zwei Pf. Documente, 100, 112.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Oldenburg !

Coast Reeton : Clanwilliam Div, ; Clanwilliam 300 ft., Schlechter, 8408 | Cape

Div. ; Rondebosch to Hout Bay, under 1009 ft., Drege; var. B: Cape Div. ;

between Paarden Island, Tygerberg and Blueberg, under 500 ft., Drege; Paarl

Diy. ; Klein Drakenstein Mountains, under 1000 ft., Drége! Uitenhage, Harvey!

WesteRN Recron : Little Namaqualand ; Silver Fontein, near Ookiep, Drége !

9. R. cordatus (Desf, Cat. Hort. Par. ed. ii. 40); root pyriform ;

stem annual, subsimple, erect, ribbed ; lower leaves cordate-ovate,

obtuse, 1} in. long, 1} in, wide, on a petiole 14 in. long, entire,

glabrous, cauline hastate, smaller; panicle terminal, _ leafless ;

branches erect ; flowers polygamo-diccious in lax whorls ; pedicels

slender, jointed at the middle; inner perianth-segments broadly

ovate, entire, strongly reticulate. Poir. Eneycl. Suppl. iv. 324;

Drége, Zwei Pf. Docwmente, 67, 112, 115; Meisn. in Linnea, xiv.

500, and in DC. Prodr. xiv. 68; Bolus & Wolley-Dod in Trans.

S. Afr. Phil. Soe. xiv. 312. R. tuberosus, Thunb. Prodr. 67, and

Fl, Cap. ed. Schult. 341, not of Linn. R. sarcorhizus, Link, Enum. i,

351; Meisn, in Linnea, xiy, 501,

Rumec.] POLYGONACE® (Wright). 477

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Pappe! Sieber, 134! Burke! Harvey, 540!

Alexander Prior !

Coast Region: Malmesbury Div. ; Groene Kloof (Mamre), Bolus, 4321! near

Hopefield, Bolus,12811! Cape Div.; Cape Flats between Cape Town and Simons

Bay, Burchell, 8547 ! sand flats beteen Paarden Island, Tygerberg and Blueberg,

Drége; Lion Mountain, Ecklon, 710! near Cape Town, Bolus, 2911! Camps

Bay, Alexander Prior! Caledon Div. ; Bavians Kloof near Genadendal, Dreége.

Knysna Div. ; near Groene Vallei, Burchell, 5634 !

WesTERN Recion : Little Namaqualand ; Kamies Berg, Kaspars Kloof, Elleboog

Fontein and Geelbeks Kraal, Dréye !

Eastern Recion: Transkei ; Kentani, near Columba Mission, 1000 ft., Miss

Pegler, 725!

10. R. aquaticus (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 336) ; perennial ; stem 1-3

ft. high, erect, striate ; radical leaves cordate-ovate or triangular,

flat or undulate, glabrous, up to 10 in. long and 6 in. wide, central

leaves oblong, acuminate, cordate or rounded at the base, upper-

most lanceolate, rounded at the base, all petioled ; panicle terminal,

leafy at the base only ; branches erect ; pedicels long, slender, not

jointed ; flowers polygamo-diccious ; inner perianth-segments in

fruit ovate-triangular, truncate at the base, slightly warted, mem-

branous, entire, rarely sparingly denticulate, reticulate. Thunb. Fl.

Cap. ed. Schult. 340; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 42; Reichenb. Ic.

Fl. Germ. xxiv. 20, t. 160.

Sournw Arrica: ex Thunberg. :

Also in Western Europe, Temperate Asia and North America.

11. R. Meyeri (Meisn. in Linnwa, xiv. 494) ; a herb 1-3 ft. high ;

stem more or less branched, erect, glabrous, slightly sulcate, often

purple ; lower leaves oblong-lanceolate, tapering downwards, 6 in.

long, 1-1} in. wide, upper lanceolate or subspathulate, all petioled,

slightly crisped ; ochree $—1 in. long; panicle terminal, leafless ;

branches few, spreading ; whorls densely many-flowered, the lower

separate, the upper confluent ; pedicels }—1 lin. long, spreading or

recurved, jointed near the apex; perianth tapering downwards ;

inner segments ovate or ovate-oblong, entire, subobtuse, one with a

small wart at the base, nerves indistinct. Drége, Zwei PA. Docu-

mente, 51, 55, 62. R. meyerianus, Meisn. in DC. Prodr, xiv. 50.

CrentrRaAL Reaion: Aliwal North Div.; by the Kraai River, 4500 ft., Dréye !

Beaufort West ; Rhenoster Kop, Dréye; Middleberg Div. ; Sneeuw Berg Range,

Drége.

12. R. ecklonianus (Meisn. in Linnza, xiv. 493); stem erect,

almost simple, glabrous ; leaves lanceolate, acuminate at both ends,

flat or obscurely undulate, petiolate, up to 7 in. long and 2 in. wide,

petiolate ; flowers in a terminal leafless panicle with ascending

branches; whorls many-flowered, approximate, sometimes almost

contiguous ; pedicels short ; inner perianth-segments ovate, subacute,

entire, all or only 2 bearing large warts; fruit pendulous. Drége,

Zwei Pfl. Docwmente, 94, 129. R. Ecklonii, Meisn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 50; Bolus & Wolley-Dod in Trans. S. Afr, Phil. Soc. xiv, 312.

478 POLYGONACES (Wright). | Rumen.

Coast Recion: Cape Div. ; North Hoek, Jie, 164! Riversdale Div. ;

between Zoetmelks River and Little Vet River, Burchell, 6817! Riversdale,

Schlechter, 1997! Uitenhage Div. ; Uitenhage, Alexander Prior! Zwartkops River,

Ecklon! Zeyher, 106! Albany Div. ; near Grahamstown, 2000 ft., MacOwan,

1410! Howisons Poort, Cooper, 3056! and without precise locality, Bowker !

Alexander Prior! British Kaftraria, Cooper, 362 !

CentTRAL Recion: Gratf Reinet Div. ; Graaff Reinet, 2500 ft., Bolus, 431!

Thornton, 200! Colesberg, Shaw !

WESTERN Recion: Little Namaqualand ; mouth of the Orange River, Dreéye !

KaaHari Reaion: Griqualand West ; Griquatown, Burchell, 1926! Transvaal ;

various localities, Wilms, 1278! Burtt-Dary, 903! 1250! 1526! 1618! 2503!

Miss Leendertz, 1542!

Eastern Recion: Tembuland; Bazeia, Baur, 282! Griqualand East ; Vaal

Bank, Haygarth in Herb. Wood, 4191! Natal ; Upper Umlaas River, Wood, 3161 !

13. R. dregeanus (Meisn. in Linnea, xiv. 496) ; a glabrous erect

herb ; upper leaves oblong-lanceolate, sometimes the uppermost

hastate, 1 in. long, 5—6 lin. wide, subacute ; panicle terminal, leafless,

about 1 ft. long; branches ascending; whorls 6-—12-flowered ;

flowers dicwcious ; pedicels 3-5 lin. long, slender, arching, jointed. at

the middle ; inner perianth-segments oval-orbicular, deeply cordate

at the base, naked, reticulately veined, not warted. Drége, Zwei

Pfl. Documente, 159, BR. Dregei, Meisn. in DO. Prodr. xiv, 68.

Eastern Reaion: Natal; near Durban, below 200 ft., Dréye.

This may be conspecific with R, Woodii, N. E. Br.

14. R. Woodii (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1909, 187); a herb

1-2} ft. high ; radical leaves linear-lanceolate, lanceolate, elliptic-

lanceolate, more rarely hastate-lanceolate or ovate, acute or obtuse,

3-6 in. long (including the petiole), 3-13 in. wide; cauline leaves

becoming gradually smaller upwards; ochree entire, truncate,

membranous, 4-7 lin. long; panicle leafless, glabrous, 23-8 in.

long, with suberect branches; flowers dicecious ; pedicels filiform,

jointed below the middle; outer perianth-segments in fruit re-

flexed, linear-lanceolate, acute, concave ; inner elliptic- or orbicular-

cordate, obtuse, 5-8 lin. long, 4~7 lin. wide, entire, thinly scarious,

reticulate, not warted ; nutlet lanceolate, subacuminate, triquetrous

or almost winged.

Centrat Recion; Somerset Div. ; Boschberg, 4000 ft., MacOwan, 1857!

Karanart Reeton: Orange River Colony; low-lying Veld at Bethlehem,

Richardson! Transvaal; north and south of Carolina in sandy soil, 5800 ft.,

Burtt-Davy, 2714! Ermelo Experimental Farm, 5575 ft., Burtt-Davy, 3919!

Wemmers Hoek, Lydenburg, 5400 ft., Burtt-Dary, 7625!

Eastern Region: Natal; Itafamasi, Wood, 644! near Lambonjwa River,

4000 ft., Wood, 3583! ;

15. R. crispus (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 335); an erect robust herb

2-4 ft. high ; radical leaves 5—9 in. long, acute, acute to cordate at

the base, undulate; cauline leaves lanceolate, the upper almost

linear, all petioled ; panicles terminal, leafless or with 1—2 leaves in

the lower part; whorls approximate, many-flowered ; pedicels

slender, jointed near the base; inner perianth-segments sub-

fiumeéx. | . POLYGONACE& (Wright). 479

orbicular, entire, about 2 lin. in diam., sometimes wider than long,

strongly reticulate, all with a large wart on the back. Meisn. in

DC. Prodr, xiv. 44; Engl. Bot. ed. 3, t. 1218; Bolus & Wolley-Dod

in Trans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc. xiv. 312.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Wallich !

Coast ReGion : Cape Div.; Vygeskraal River, Wolley-Dod, 3592 !

eath HARE Region : Transvaal; Pretoria, along the Aapies River, Burtt-Davy,

833 !

Also in Europe, North Africa and Temperate Asia; introduced into North

America,

16. R. Hydrolapathum (Huds. Fl. Angl. ed. ii. 154); an erect

robust herb; radical leaves 1-3 ft. long, 2-7 in. wide, lanceolate-

oblong, acute, petioled ; cauline leaves gradually becoming smaller

upwards, passing from lanceolate to linear; panicle terminal,

usually leafy below; whorls separate, many - flowered ; pedicels

short, jointed near the base ; inner perianth-segments 2} lin. long

in fruit, triangular-ovate, truncate or rounded at the base, entire or

faintly toothed, prominently veined, warted. Meisn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 47; Engl. Bot. ed. 3, t. 1220; Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. xxiv. 24,

t. 165, :

’ Katanart Recron: Transvaal ; Pretoria, Bereaparle, Miss Leendertz, 394!

Also in Europe..

17. R. linearis (Campdera, Monogr. Rum. 90); stem branched ;

leaves shortly petioled, oblong-linear, acuminate, serrate, 3-4 in.

long, 5-6 lin. wide; ochree long, acute; racemes. terminal and

axillary, the upper leafless ; whorls distant ; pedicels short, jointed

at the base; inner perianth-segments deltoid-ovate, rather obtuse,

warted. Roem. & Schult. Syst. vii. 1407; Meisn. in. DC. Prodr.

xiv. 50.

Var. 6, affinis (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 50); dwarf; stem ascending,

branched ; leaves narrowly lanceolate, tapering towards both ends, shortly

petioled ; panicle short, leafless, few-branched ; whorls confluent, dense ; pedicels

shorter than the fruiting perianth, jointed at the apex ; inner perianth-segments

in fruit deltoid-ovate, subobtuse, reticulate, all or two warted. R.. linearis,

Meisn. in Linnea, xiv. 495 ; Drege, Zwei Pf. Documente, 58:.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Sonnerat ex Campdera.

CentraL Recion: Var. 8: Victoria West Div.; Nieuwveld, between Brak

River and Uitvlugt, 3000-4000 ft., Drege.

18. R.. sanguineus (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i.. 334); a perennial ; stem

up to 4 ft. high, slender, red; leaves up to 6 in. long, oblong-

Janceolate contracted above the usually cordate base, slightly

undulate, entire or minutely crenulate, petiolate, midrib red ;

panicle lax, usually leafless; whorls distant, many; flowered ;

pedicels slender, jointed near the base ; inner perianth-segments

oblong, obtuse, rounded at the base, entire, one or all with a sub-

globose tubercle. Meisn. in DC. Prodr.. xiv. 49°; Engl. Bot. ed. 3,

¢. I2ht.

480 POLYGONACE& (Wright). | Rumen.

Kataunart Recion: Transvaal ; near Lydenberg, Wilms, 1276 !

Also in Europe, Western Asia ; introduced into North America.

19. R. conglomeratus (Murr. Prodr. Stirp. Geett. 52) ; a perennial ;

stem up to 4 ft. high, simple or slightly branched, glabrous ;

leaves oblong-lanceolate, subacute, rounded or cordate at the base,

irregularly crenate, 8 in. long, 2 in. wide, petioled ; panicle

terminal, more or less leafy, branches spreading ; whorls many-

flowered, distinct ; pedicels slender, jointed below the middle ;

inner perianth-segments linear-oblong in fruit, subacute, quite

entire, with oblong warts on the back. Meisn. in Linnea, xiv. 492,

and in DC. Prodr. xiv. 49. R. Nemolapathum, Ehrh, Beitr. i. 181;

Meisn. in Linnea, l.c., not of Wallr.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Drege.

Coast Recion: Cape Diy. ; Kenilworth, near Cape Town, 100 ft., Bolus, 7039 !

Kloof below Constantia Nek, Wolley-Dod, 2425! Paarl, ex Meisner.

Also in Europe, North Africa and Western Asia; introduced into North

America.

Imperfectly known spectes.

20. R. lanceolatus (Thunb. Prodr. 67); stem erect, 2 ft. high,

branched, rather flexuous, sulcate, glabrous ; leaves lanceolate,

acute, rounded or shortly attenuate at the base, about 6 in. long,

margins reflexed, very slightly crisped, glabrous, petiolate ; racemes

terminal and axillary, solitary, undivided, slender, interrupted at

the base ; whorls 3-8-flowered ; pedicels 2-3 times as long as the

perianth, jointed above the middle ; inner perianth-segments ovate-

oblong, suddenly narrowed at the middle into a ligulate point,

entire; fruit unknown. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 340 ;

Campderd, Monogr. Rum. 148 ; Meisn. in Linnea, xiv. 493, and in

DC. Prodr. xiv. 50.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Thunbery, Drége.

An imperfectly known species. A plant collected in South Africa by Wallich

agrees in many respects with it, but its perianth-segments are not suddenly con-

tracted at the middle. Also one collected in Natal, near Pietermaritzburg by

Wilms (2243c). A similar plant was collected at Genadendal, Caledon Div., by

Alexander Prior.

21. R. spathulatus (Thunb. Prodr. 67); stem erect, striate,

glabrous, purple, about 1 ft. high ; branches few ; leaves obovate,

obtuse, the upper lanceolate, erecto-patent, 1 in. long ; petiole a

little shorter than the blade; flowers verticillate, erect ; inner

perianth-segments warted. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 340; Meisn.

in DC. Prodr. xiv. 50.

Souru Arrica: without locality, ex Zhunberg.

A very imperfectly known species which Meisner suggests may be the same as

R. Meyeri, Meisn.

Emex. | POLYGONACE& (Wright). 481

IV. EMEX, Neck.

Flowers moneecious. Male flowers: Perianth-segments 5-6, equal,

patent. Stamens 4—6 ; filaments filiform ; anthers ovate. Female

jlowers: Perianth urceolate; tube ovoid; lobes 6 in 2 series.

Ovary included in the tube, trigonous; styles 3, short, patent ;

stigmas dilated, fimbriate. Perianth in fruit enlarged and hardened ;

tube 3- or 6-angled, more or less transversely ribbed between the

angles ; outer lobes patent, spiny, inner erect, obtuse or aristate.

Nutlet free within the perianth-tube, triquetrous; pericarp mem-

branous or scarcely crustaceous. Seed subterete; embryo much

curved, lateral or almost peripheral ; cotyledons narrow, longer than

the radicle.

Rigid herbs; leaves alternate, petioled ; ochre more or less membranous,

quickly splitting up or falling off ; flowers in axillary fascicles or the upper by

the abortion of the leaves appearing racemose ; male flowers pedicelled, female

sessile.

Distris, A second species in the Mediterranean region.

1, E.australis(Steinh. in Ann. Sci. Nat. 2™° sér. ix. 195, t.7, fig. 16) ;

a herb; stem branched, 3 lin. in diam., ribbed when dry, glabrous ;

leaves ovate or oval, with the outer basal angles rounded, obtuse,

cuneate into the 2 in.-long petiole, 3 in. long, 2 in. wide, entire or

obscurely crenate, glabrous ; outer fruiting perianth 6 lin. long, less

indented between the angles than in £. spinosa,’ Linn., spines

spreading ; inner segments broadly ovate, mucronate, strongl

reticulately nerved. Benth. Fl. Austr. v. 262; Wood, Natal PI. t.

360. E. Centropodium, Meisn. in Linnea, xiv. 490, and in DC.

Prodr. xiv. 40; Bolus & Wolley-Dod in Trans. S. Afr. Phil. Soe.

xiv. 312; Burtt-Davy in Trans. Agric. Journ. vii. (1909) 654. E.

Podocentrum, Meisn. ex Drége, Zwei PA. Documente, 93, 99, 112, 128.

E. spinosa, var. capensis, Campderd, Monogr. Rum. 59. Rumex

spinosus, Thunb. Prodr. 67, and Fi. Cap. ed. Schult. 341, not of Linn.

Podocentrum, Burch. ex Meisn. in Linnea, xiv. 489. Vibo australis,

Greene, Man, Bot. San Francisc. Bay, 44.

Sour Arrica: without locality, Oldenburg! Forster! Zeyher! MacOwan,

22221 :

Coast Recion: Cape Div.; Sand Flats between Paarden Island, Tygerberg

and Blueberg, Drége ; near Cape Town, Wilms, 3552! Camp Ground, Wolley-

Dod, 623! Wynberg Flats, Alexander Prior! Paarl Div. ; by the Berg River near

Paarl, Drége; Riversdale Div. ; near Riversdale, Schlechter, 1865! between

Zoetemelks River and Little Vet River, Burchell, 6818! Uitenhage Div. ;

Winterhoek Mountains, Krauss, 784; Port Elizabeth Div, ; near Port Elizabeth,

Drége! Albany Div.! Grahamstown, MacOwan, Fish River, 400-500 ft., Baur,

1056!

Centra Recion: Graaff Reinet Div. ; along the Sundays River near Monkey

Ford, Burchell, 2877 !

Western Rearon: Little Namaqualand ; between Verleptpram and the mouth

of the Orange River, under 1000 ft., Drége ! ‘

VOL. V.—SECT. I. 21

482 - POLYGONACES (Wright). | Emew.

Katanari Reaion : Griqualand West ; Asbestos Mountains at the Kloof Village,

Burchell, 1687 !

Eastern Recion: Natal; without precise locality, Cooper, 1216 !

Also in Australia.

This species differs from Z. spinosa, Campd., in the larger, less rugose outer

fruiting perianth with longer spinescent segments, and the inner erect segments

being broader and more rounded.

~Orver CXIII. PODOSTEMACEZA&.

(By A. W. Hitt.)

Flowers regular, hermaphrodite or diccious. Perianth inferior,

membranous, 3—5-partite or represented by minute scales or entirely

absent, Stamens hypogynous, 1 to many ; filaments free or united ;

anthers oblong, 2-celled, dehiscing longitudinally ; pollen 1—2-celled.

Ovary sessile or stipitate, 1-3-celled ; styles 2—3 ; stigmas capitate

or decurrent ; placentas axile or parietal ; ovules many, anatropous.

Capsule 1-3-celled, dehiscing by valves, often septifragal. Seeds

yest minute, sessile, exalbuminous ; cotyledons flat ; radicle very

short,

Submerged herbs of various habit, often resembling mosses, foliaceous and

frondose hepaticze and algie ; flowers minute, variously arranged.

Distris. Species about 130, chiefly in the tropics and subtropics of the

Southern hemisphere.

I. Tristicha.— Flowers hermaphrodite. Perianth equally 3-partite.

Il, Spherothylax.—Flowers hermaphrodite. Perianth of 2 small linear

segments.

Ill. Hydrostachys.—Flowers diwcious. Perianth none.

I, TRISTICHA, Thouars.

Flowers hermaphrodite. Perianth membranous, 3-partite ; seg-

ments oblong, obtuse, slightly imbricate. Stamen 1, hypogynous ;

filament long ; anthers oblong. Ovary oblong, 3-celled ; styles 3,

short, linear ; stigmas decurrent on the inner side of the styles;

placentas axile; ovules numerous. Capsule oblong, crustaceous,

septicidally and septifragally 3-valved.

_ Herbs with a moss-like habit, growing under water and attached to rocks by

a flat-lobed thallus ; stem slender, much-branched, Leaves small, sessile, entire,

pellucid, 1-nerved. Flowers terminal or axillary ; pedicels stiffly erect, each with

3 bracts at the base.

Disrris. Species 3, variable and difficult of limitation.

Also in Tropical Africa, the Mascarene Islands and Tropical America.

1. T. hypnoides (Spreng. Syst. iv. Cur. Post. 10) ; stems czspitose,

often very short, branched, more or less compressed ; leaves broadly

Tristicha. |: PODOSTEMACE& (Hill). 483

ovate to elliptic, usually trifarious, about } lin. long, the upper

sometimes longer and narrower ; flowers solitary, terminal on short

branches near the apex of the stem; peduncle up to 9 lin. long in

fruit, terete, rigid, erect ; perianth-segments 3, equal, oblong-elliptic,

cymbiform, pellucid ; filament compressed ; anthers ovoid, obtuse ;

ovary shortly stalked, ellipsoid, trigonous ; capsule ellipsoid, 1 lin.

long ; valves 3-nerved. Weddell in DO. Prodr. xvii. 44; Tulasne

in Ann. Sci. Nat. 3™° sér. xi. 112, in Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Par. vi.

(1852), 186, and in Mart. Fl. Bras. iv. i. 272; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl.

Trop. Afr. 228; Warming in Kgl. Danske Selsk. Skrifter, ser. 6, ix.

ii. 107, figs, 1-6, and xi. i. 28, 61, figs. 20-23, eacl. syn. T. trifaria ;

Baker & C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 121. T. bryoides, -

Gardn. in Cale. Journ. Nat. Hist. vii. (1847), 178, and Wight,

Ie. t, 1920. T. Philocrena, Steud. Nomenel. Bot. ed. 2, ii. 715. T.

alternifolia, var. pulchella, Warm. l.c. xi. i. 36, Dufourea hypnoides,

A, St. Hil. in Mém. Mus. Paris, x. (1823), 472. Philocrena pusilla,

Bong.-in Mém. Acad. Petersb, 6™° sér. i, (1832), 80, t. 6.

Coast Reaion: Albany Div.; Gwacwaba River, near King-Williams Town,

submerged or nearly so, Sim, 100!

CentraL Region: Calvinia Div. ; Doorn River, Dréye, 2991!

_ Also in Tropical Africa.

Il. SPHHROTHYLAX, Bischoff.

(ANASTROPHEA, Wedd.)

Flowers hermaphrodite, subtended by 2 minute scales. Stamens 2 ;

filaments united to the apex; anthers 2, sessile at the top of the

column, 2-celled, or solitary and 4-celled according to Weddell,

dehiscence longitudinal. Staminodia 2, small, linear. Ovary ovoid,

8-ribbed ; valves 2, unequal, the larger persistent, the smaller

deciduous. Seeds ellipsoid, compressed.

Stems slender and branched, arising from a Marchantia-like base. Leaves

elongate, laciniate. Spathella: produced both on the thallus and on the elongated

stems.

Distris, Species 4, three in Tropical Africa.

1. S. algiformis (Bisch. ex Krauss in Flora, 1844, 426, t. 1);

stem $—} in. long, about } lin. broad, flattened, somewhat thickened

in every part closely applied to substratum, more or less repeatedly

subdichotomously branched ; branches for the most part spreading ;

leaves linear-spathulate, about } lin. long; flowers arising from

axils of branches ; gemmvz (Tulasne) very minute, composed of very

few scale-like leaves and occasionally scarcely visible; pedicels

bearing fruits ascending, }—} lin. long, surrounded at the base with

remnants of withered spathelle ; capsule scarcely $ lin. long, apex

obtuse, bare or crowned with short subulate stigmas ; valves, the

smaller with 5 nerves breaking away, the larger with 7 nerves

persisting on pedicel for some time ; seeds fairly was he —

484 poDosTEMACEA: ( Hill.) | Spherothylac.

green. Drege in Linnea, xx. 244 ; Tulasne in Ann. Sci. Nat. 3™° sér.

xi. 105; Monogr. 161; Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvii. 78.

Eastern Recion : Tembuland ; Umtata River, under 1000 ft., Drége!

wt IIT, HYDROSTACHYS, Thouars.

Flowers diwcious. Perianth none. Malé: Stamen_ solitary ;

filament very short; anther oblong, 2-celled. Female: Ovary

oblong, l-celled; placentas 2, parietal. Styles 2, long, filiform,

connate in the lower half. Capsule oblong, seated in the hollow

of a concave accrescent bract, the apex of which is often reflexed,

2-valved. Seeds many to each placenta.

Stem short, tuberous; leaves large, pinnately branched, usually bearing pro-

tuberances on the petiole and rhachis ; spikes simple, tufted, peduncled, much

resembling the fruiting spikes of Plantayo major, Linn., each flower seated in the

axil of a persistent bract.

Bote Species about 15, chiefly in the Mascarene Islands, three in Tropical

rica.

1. H. natalensis (Wedd. in DC. Prodr. xvii. 88); leaves 4-14

in. long. 3-4-pinnatisect ; rhachis compressed above the base and

flattened, tapering towards the apex, about 1 lin. broad, more or

less densely covered with imbricate subulate or ovate acute pro-

tuberances —1 lin. long ; pinne subopposite, numerous, spreading,

lanceolate, brush-like, 1-1} in. long, densely covered with subulate

acute protuberances; pinnules 1-1} lin. long, finely divided into

numerous irregular linear lacinule ; female spikes 5-12 in. long,

simple, crowded above with flowers, flowering portion 25-6 in. long ;

peduncles stout, 2-2} in. in diam., naked below ; bracts boat-

shaped, obovate, 14 lin. long, rounded above, margins membranous ;

nerves 3-5, the median one decurrent into the axis; capsule ovate-

oblong, about 1 lin. long, naked at the base ; male spikes 5-10 in.

long, flowering portion cone-like, }—24 in. long ; peduncles simple or

branching below, rugose or covered with minute protuberances ;

bracts crowded, imbricate, orbicular-ovate, obtuse or subacute,

about | lin. in diam., transversely rugose on the back, with thickened

margin ; anther-cells separated.

_ Eastern Rearon: Natal; Umgeni Falls, Sanderson ! Mudd | Schlechter, 3314!

in the river at Ulwimbu, 2500 ft., Sutherland! on stones in Umvoti River, Wood,

292! and in MacOwan & Bolus, Herb, Norm. Austr.-Afr. 1015 | Reynolds, 1643 !

rapids in mountain streams, McKen, 13!

Cytinus. | CYTINACE® (Hill). 485

Orper CXIV. CYTINACEZ.,

(By A. W. Hitt.)

Flowers regular, hermaphrodite or unisexual. Perianth simple,

sometimes fleshy ; tube adnate to the ovary and often produced

above it, solid in the male flowers ; lobes 3-10, imbricate or valvate,

1-2-seriate. Stamens 8 to many, free or united ; anthers surround-

ing a central column and dehiscing by apical slits, or forming a

lobed ring inside the perianth-tube with long sinuous cells like

those of some Cucurbitacex, dehiscing longitudinally but folded so

that the slits are near together and across the ring. Ovary inferior,

l-celled ; placentas parietal or numerous and pendulous from the

top of the cell, entirely covered with ovules; stigma sessile, flat

or cushion-like, lobed. Fruit a berry, globose or turbinate, Seeds

minute, albuminous ; embryo small.

Fleshy root or branch parasites, leafless or with the leaves reduced to scales,

Distris. Species about 40, in the warmer regions of both hemispheres.

I. Cytinus.— Flowers unisexual. Scale-leaves present.

II. Hydnora,— Flowers hermaphrodite. Scale-leaves absent.

I, CYTINUS, Linn.

Flowers moneecious or dicecious, bracteate and often 2-bracteolate.

Male flowers: Perianth tubular-campanulate or infundibuliform ;

lobes 4-9. Anthers connate in an exserted head, 2-celled, extrorse.

Ovary rudiment none. Female flowers: Perianth almost absent ;

style columnar; stigma globose, grooved, apex obtuse or very

shortly lobed radially ; ovary with 8-14 scarcely exserted parietal

placentie.

Herbs coloured. somewhat fleshy, parasitic on roots ; stems short, thick, simple,

bearing alternate coloured scales ; flowers arranged in a simple terminal spike,

single, sessile or shortly pedicellate in axil of bract, with 2 opposite bracteoles or

ebracteolate.,

Distrip. Species 4, Mediterranean region, South Africa, Mexico.

1, C. dioicus (Juss. in Ann. Mus. Par. xii. (1808), 443) ; stems

4—6 in. high ; erect, fleshy, simple or branched, 1—3-flowered ; scales

lax, imbricate, oblong, denticulate; flowers 2 in. long, shortly

pedicellate ; bracts oblong, obtuse ; bracteoles oblong-spathulate,

concave ; male flowers: perianth infundibuliform, with 6 grooves,

papillose towards the base; septa 6, alternating with perianth-

lobes, extending to the staminal column ; lobes elongate-oblong,

obtuse, suberect, papillose outside, margins membranous, more or

486 CYTINACEA (Hill). | Cytinus.

less fimbriate, with a linear-lanceolate lacinule at the base on one

side ; staminal column exserted, with 6 grooves, smooth ; anthers

7-8, connectives produced above ‘into broad processes; female

flowers: perianth shorter than in the male; tube much ribbed ;

lobes broader and shorter than in male flower; ovary compressed,

with 6 ribs or angles; placentwe 12-14; style columnar; stigma

large globose, lamelle 12-14, cuneate-subulate, densely papillose ;

ovules minute. Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 336; R. Br. in Trans, Linn. Soc.

xix. 246; Grifith in Trans. Linn. Soc. xix. 323. Phelypea sanguinea,

Thunb. Prodr. 1, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 2. Hypolepis sanguinea,

Pers. Syn. ii. 598 ; Harvey, Gen. S. Afr. Plant. ed. 1, 300. Aphyteia

multiceps, Burchell, Trav, S. Afr. i. 213, in note.

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Zuur Fontein, Schlechter, 8559! Tulbagh

Div. ; hills near Saron, Schlechter, 4847! Cape Div. ; near Wynberg and between

Cape Town and Tyger Berg, Drége! Bolus, 9287! by the Kuils River, Pappe!

near Cape Town, Grifith! Camps Bay, Harrey! Stellenbosch Div. ; by the

Eerste River, Scott! Caledon Div. ; near Hemel en Aarde, Zeyher, 1510!

haga Reaton: Middelburg Div. ; Conway Farm, (Gilfillan in Herb, Galpin,

Parasitic upon the roots of Eriocephalus racemosus, Linn., Trichogyne radicans,

DC. (7. refleca, Less), and according to Dr. Bolus also grows upon the roots of

Agathosma ciliata, Link. Mr, Gilfillan’s plant differs somewhat from the other

specimens in having the perianth-lobes more or less glabrous.

II. HYDNORA, Thunb.

Flowers hermaphrodite. Perianth superior ; tube short or long;

lobes 3-5, valvate, fleshy, triquetrous above, channelled or concave

in the lower part inside. Anthers forming a flexuous 3—4-lobed ring

in the perianth-tube, transversely divided into numerous cells.

Ovary inferior, 1-celled, with many placentas pendulous from the

top of the cell and ovuliferous all over ; stigmas cushion-shaped,

3—5-lobed and bearing numerous radiating lamell ; ovules with a

single integument, Fruit subglobose, filled with gelatinous pulp.

Seeds globose, free in the pulp; endosperm copious, horny ;

perisperm formed of a single layer of cells; embryo with a long

suspensor dilated at the apex.

Parasitic fungus-like plants with a fleshy warted subterranean rhizome ; flowers

large, arising singly from the rhizome, with an unpleasant odour. ~

Distris. .Species 9, 6 in Tropical Africa, 2 in S. Africa, 1 in America.

Perianth-lobes broadly induplicate, margins with ramenta (1) africana.

Perianth-lobes dilated above, margins naked ... ... (2) triceps.

1. H. africana (Thunb. in Vet, Akad. Handl. Stockh. 1775, 89,

t. 2, figs. 1-38, and 1777, 144, t. 4, figs, 1-2); rhizome horizontal

angular, tuberculate, }-} in. in diam.; tubercles obtuse ; roots

absent ; flower erect, sessile or shortly pedunculate ; perianth fleshy ,

tubular, flesh-coloured, externally rugose, smooth within, 5-6 in.

long; segments 3 or very rarely 4, 2-3 in. long, oblong-ovate,

Hydnora. | CYTINACE (Hill), 487

subacute, apices inflexed, connivent, margins 4—} in. thick, furnished

with ciliate ramenta, a large snow-white spongy body is present on

the inner side of each segment ; staminal column inserted below the

middle of the perianth-tube forming a very short subcylindrie ring ;

anthers numerous 2-celled, with the cells opening extrorsely and

introrsely ; ovary slightly broader than the perianth-tube ; stigma

short, cushion-like ; fruit 3—4 in, in diam., thick, fleshy, subtrilobed.

Thunb. Nov. Gen. Pl. 24, and Fl. Cap. ed: Schultes, 499; F. Meyer

in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Our. xvi. 2, 775, t. 58; R. Br. in Trans.

Linn, Soc, xix. 234, 245, tt. 27-30; Wedd. in Ann. Sc. Nat. 3° sér.

xiv. 173, t. 8, figs. 5-10 ; Chatin, Anat. t. 92 bis ; Griff. in Trans. Linn.

Soe, xix. 319 ; Hook. f. in DC. Prodr. xvii. 109; Marloth in Trans.

S. Afr. Phil. Soe, xvi. 465, with fig. H. Acharii, Hook. f. Le.

Aphyteia Hydnora, Acharius, Diss, de Planta Aphyteia, 1776, 10,

with plate, and in Linn. Amen. Acad. viii. 315 ; Syst. Veg. ed. xiv.

609 ; Gaertn. De Fruct. ii. 262, t. 137, fig. 3; Lam. Illustr. t. 568 ;

Tratt. Archiv, ii. 145, t. 190.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Ludwig, Zeyher, 1511!

Coast Rraton: Robertson Div.; Karoo near Kokmans Kloof, Mund! Karoo,

on roots of Huphorbia and Cotyledon, Thunberg~

CentRaL Reaton; Jansenville Div. ; Zwartruggens, parasitic on roots of

Euphorbia, MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr., 1724!

‘* Planta Aphyteia,” mentioned in DC. Prodr. xvii. 109, is the title of the

dissertation by Acharius, and is not used by him as a plant name.

Marloth (/.c.) draws attention to a white spongy body on the inner face of

each perianth-segment, which is eaten by a beetle (Dermestes vrulpinus), the

insect responsible for the pollination of the flower. The white body on decaying

emits an offensive odour of putrefaction,

2. H. triceps (Drége & E. Meyer in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur.

xvi, 2, 779, t. 59); rhizome stout, 4-angled, angles crested with

obtuse tubercles; flower shortly pedunculate ; perianth fleshy,

3-angled above; tube 3-4 in. long, 1-1} in. across, broadening

above across the segments to 3-4 in, in diam., broadly clavate with

impressed apex ; segments 3, dilated, broadly oblong, connate above

leaving apertures only near the base, margins naked; staminal

column inserted near apex of the tube; anthers numerous, opening

extrorsely only ; stigma obscurely trilobed ; ovary and fruit as in

H. africana, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soe. xix. 245; Harv. Thes.

Cap. ii. tt. 187-188.

Western Recion: Little Namaqualand ; between Silverfontein, Koperberg

and Kaus, 2000 ft., Drege; Modderfontein, Whitehead ; near Ookiep, on roots of

Euphorbia, Hofmeyer !

Orper CXV. PIPERACEZE.

(By C. H. Wriant.)

Flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual, Perianth absent in the

Tropical African genera, Stamens 2-6, rarely more, hypogynous ;

filaments usually free; anthers erect, often articulated on the

488 PIPERACEA (Wright). | Piper.

filament, cells 2, distinct or confluent, dehiscing longitudinally.

Ovary sessile, 1-celled and l-ovuled in the South African genera ;

stigmas 1-5; ovule orthotropous. Fruit in the South African

genera indehiscent, baccate. Seed globose, ovoid or oblong ; testa

usually membranous or rather fleshy ; endosperm small ; perisperm

copious, farinaceous ; embryo minute.

Herbs or shrubs, erect or climbing ; leaves usually alternate and entire, rarely

opposite or verticillate ; stipules none or adnate to the petiole ; flowers minute,

usually forming dense spikes, each subtended by a peltate bract.

Disrrip. Species about 1000, spread through the warmer regions of both

hemispheres ; most numerous in Tropical America.

I. Piper.—Shrubs. Stamens 2-6 ; anther-cells usually distinct. Stigmas 2-3.

II. Peperomia,—Herbs, Stamens 2 ; anther-cells usually confluent, Stigma 1.

I. PIPER, Linn.

Flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual, usually forming dense

cylindrical spikes, rarely racemes. Perianth none. Stamens 2-4,

rarely more ; filaments short ; anther-cells usually distinct. Ovary

sessile, 1-celled, l-ovuled, obtuse or rostrate ; stigmas 2—4, distinct,

erect or recurved. Berry small, usually globose, often immersed in

the succulent rhachis, more rarely stalked. Seed similar in shape

to the berry ; testa thin ; endosperm usually hard.

Erect or scandent shrubs; branches jointed at the nodes ; leaves alternate,

entire, equal or unequal at the base, penninerved ; stipules adnate to the petiole

or connate into a leaf-opposed sheath ; flowers usually sessile; spikes terminal

or leaf-opposed.

Distris. Species about 600, spread through the warmer regions of both

hemispheres,

Leaves 5-7-nerved from the base ; berry sessile ;

stigmas 2 bee bo age F anOl al ota ON a Gl) Saee

Leaves penninerved ; berry stalked ; stigmas 8 ... ... (3) borbonense.

1. P. capense (Linn. f. Suppl. 90) ; a shrub, erect or more or less

climbing ; branches terete, swollen at the nodes, glabrous ; leaves

ovate or more rarely elliptic, equilateral or nearly 80, shortly

acuminate, rounded or shortly cordate at the base, 5—7-nerved from

the base, membranous, pellucid-dotted, about 4 in. long, 25-3 in.

wide, glabrous above, usually villous on the under-surface of the

nerves especially towards their base; petiole channelled above,

about 1 in. long, glabrous; stipules lanceolate, membranous,

deciduous ; catkins terminating short lateral branches which

appear to spring from the middle of the petiole, 14-2 in. long in

flower, cylindrical ; peduncles about 9 lin. long; bracts peltate,

glabrous except at the base of the very short stalk ; stamens 3-2 ;

anther -cells separated by a wide connective; ovary ovoid ;

stigmas 2, recurved ; fruit obtuse, compressed, sessile. Thunb. Fl.

Cap. ed. Schultes, 443 ; Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 124, 125, and

in Linnea, xx, 215; C. DO. in DC, Prodr. xvi, i, 339, and in Engl.

Piper.| PIPERACEA: (Wright). 489

Jahrb. xix, 224; Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 159. P. Volkensii, C. DC.

in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 225. Coccobryon capense, Mig. Syst. Piper. 343,

and in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. xxi. Suppl. 59, t. 61. Cubeba

capensis, Mig. Syst. Piper. 303. Peperomia capensis, Loudon, Hort.

Brit. ed. i. 13; Steud. Nomencl. Bot. ed. 2, ii. 301.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Forster! Mund!

Coast Rraion: Swellendam Div. ; near Swellendam, Zeyher, 3871! Knysna

Div. ; Kynsna, in the forest by the quarry, Burchell, 5397! Karratera River,

under 1000 ft., Drége! Bosch River, in wood, under 500 ft., Drége!

Katanart Reaion: Transvaal; Barberton, Kirk, 91! Thorneroft, 2965!

a A ale forest, 3300 ft., Galpin, 907! Houtbosch (Woodbush) Rehmann,

5970 !

Eastern ReGron: Pondoland; Egossa, near St. Andrews, 1000 ft., Tyson,

3137 ! Natal; Inanda, Wood, 1061! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 1456.

Also in Tropical Africa,

2. P. borbonense (C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. i. 339) ; a parasite

on trees; branches woody, glabrous; leaves oblong-ovate, obtusely

acuminate, unequally cordate or cuneate at the base, 2} in. long,

11 in. wide, penninerved, glabrous; petiole 4 lin. long, slightly

hairy beneath ; peduncle longer than the petiole, glabrous ; bracts

subrotundate, pubescent beneath and on the margin ; stamens 3 ;

exserted; female spike dense - flowered; rhachis slightly hairy ;

stigmas 3 ; berry ovoid, shorter than its pedicel. Engl. Jahrb, xix.

224, Cubeba costulata, Mig. Syst. Piper. 299. C. borbonense, Mig.

le. 301,

Sovrn Arnica: without locality, Verreaux, Gueinzius,

Also in the Mascarene Islands,

II, PEPEROMIA, Ruiz & Pay.

Flowers hermaphrodite, spicate. Perianth none, Stamens 2;

filaments short ; anthers transversely oblong or subglobose ; cells 2 ;

usually confluent. Ovary sessile or subsessile, obtuse or acute ;

ovule solitary, erect ; stigma undivided, often penicillate. Fruit

minute ; pericarp thin. Seed similar in shape to the fruit; testa

membranous or coriaceous ; endosperm farinaceous,

Herbs, annual or perennial, sometimes climbing ; leaves exstipulate, alternate,

opposite or verticillate, entire, penniveined or triplinerved ; spikes terminal or

leaf-opposed, solitary or several together ; bracts sessile, usually peltate.

Distrip. Species about 400, spread through the warmer regions of both

hemispheres, concentrated in America.

Leaves whorled, glabrous above, pilose beneath ; stem

glabrous .,. sul aes Se bee «> G) reflexa.

Leaves opposite, pubescent on both surfaces; stem

densely pubescent =... vee tee tee .». (2) arabica,

Leaves alternate or the upper opposite :

Spikes terminal :

Leaves glabrous on both surfaces... «., +s» (8) retusa.

Leaves glabrous aboye, puberulous beneath, ciliate (4) Bachmannii.

Spikes leaf-opposed ; leaves glabrous on both surfaces (5) nana.

eee

490 PIPERACE® (Wright). | Peperomit.

1. P. reflexa (A. Dietr. Sp. Pl. i. 180); stems creeping, tufted,

3-6 in. long, once or twice dichotomously forked, tetragonal, deeply

suleate when dried ; leaves usually 4 in a whorl, obovate, obtuse,

3-4 lin. long, bright green, glabrous above, pilose beneath, rigidly

coriaceous, obscurely — triplinerved, subsessile ; .spikes_ terminal,

solitary, 6-18 in. long, distinctly peduncled, rhachis pilose, deeply

pitted ; bracts round, subsessile ; ovary ovoid, stigma terminal,

penicillate ; fruit oblong, narrowed to a point, deeply immersed in

the pits of the rhachis, Mig. Syst. Piper. 169 ; and in Hook. Lond.

Journ. Bot. iv. (1845), 426; Wight, Te. t. 1923, fig. 1; Drege, Zwei

Pfl. Documente, 124, 136, 141, 146, and in Linnea, xx. 215 ; Baker,

Fl. Maurit. 298; C. DC. in DO. Prodr, xvi. i. 451; Hook. f. Fl.

Brit. Ind. v. 99; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 159; Dawe in Rep. Bot.

Uganda Protect. 1906, 55; Baker & C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Afr. vi. i, 155. P. Reknanni, C. DC. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 22%.

Piper reflecum, Linn, f. Suppl. 91; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult, 443.

Micropiper pusillum, Mig. Comm. Phyt. 62, t. 5, fig. a

Var. B, capense (C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. i, 451) ; leaves petioled, glabrous

on both surfaces, subpellucid, 3-nerved ; peduncle glabrous, twice as long as the

leaves. Dahlstedt in Kgl. Sv. Vet. Akad, Handl. xxxiii. ii. 179, t. 8, fig. 28.

P. reflexa, forma capensis, Mig. Syst. Piper. 169.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, var. B Sparrmann, Wahlberg, Mund & Maire.

Coast Recion: Knysna Div.; between Keurbooms River and Bitou

River, Burchell, 52751 Karratera River, under 1000 ft., Drege! and

without precise locality, Rehkmann, 489. Uitenhage Div.; Zuurberg Range,

2000-8000 ft., Drége; Port Elizabeth Div. ; around Krakkakamma, Burchell,

4557! Zeyher. Albany Div.; wooded kloof west of Grahamstown, Burchell,

3596! Bathurst Div. ; Glenfilling, in woods and thickets, under 1000 ft., Drége.

Stutterheim Div. ; near Fort Cunynghame, Galpin, 2465! Queenstown Div. ;

Rockwood, Bongolo, Galpin, 2508! Var. 8: Uitenhage Diy. ; Van Standens Berg,

Zeyher, 3873.

CentTrat Reaton : Somerset Div. ; on Bosch Berg, Burchell, 3209 ! :

- Kananarrt Rearon: Transvaal ; Houtbosch, Rekmann, 5969, Reitfontein, Miss

Leendertz, 873!

Eastern Reaion: Transkei; between Gekau (Geua) and Bashee Rivers, 1000-

2000 ft., Drége. Tembuland: Bazeia, Bawr, 18! Natal: Van Reenen, Schlechter,

6995! and without precise locality, Cooper, 1276! Gerrard, 1667! Zululand ;

Eshowe, Mrs. K. Saunders, 3! Var. B: Natal ; without precise locality, Gueinzius.

Throughout the warmer regions of both hemispheres.

2. P. arabica (Decsne ex Mig. Syst. Piper. 121); suffruticose,

6-12 in. high ; stem erect from a decumbent base, terete, densely

pubescent ; leaves opposite, elliptic or oblong-rhomboid, obtuse or

acute, up to 1} in. long and 1 in. wide, the lower smaller, more or

less cuneate at the base, succulent when fresh, membranous when

dry, pubescent on both surfaces; obscurely pellucid-punctate,

5-nerved ; petiole 2-6 lin. long, channelled above, densely pubes-

cent ; spikes axillary and terminal, 2} in. long, filiform when dry ;

peduncle 6 lin. long, pubescent ; flowers distant, in pseudo-whorls ;

bracts peltate, very shortly stalked ; filaments short ; anthers

globose, pallid ; ovary ovoid, glabrous ; berry globose, black ; seed

globose, black, shining, areolate, Miq. Ill. Piper, 18, t. 125. 0. DC.

Peperomia. | PIPERACEA (Wright). A491

in DC. Prodr. xvi. i. 442. P. caffra, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pfl.

Documente, 151. f sala

BS ge Rec1on : East London Diy, ; on rockeries, First Creek, 200 ft., Galpin,

Eastern Reaion: Transkei; near the north of the Kei River, Flanagan, 2588 ;

Pondoland; St. Johns River, Drége! Natal: Umazinyati Falls, Wood, 1222! and

without precise locality, Gueinzius. :

Also in Madagascar, Socotra and Arabia ; a variety in German East Africa, °

3. P. retusa (A. Dietr. Sp. Pl. i. 155); stem creeping, ascending,

about 4 in. high, simple or more or less forked, glabrous ; leaves

alternate or the uppermost opposite, obovate, elliptic, or almost

orbicular, about 6 lin, long but varying much on the same branch,

obtuse or emarginate, glabrous on both surfaces, fleshy, 1- or

3-nerved, with a marginal nerve all the way round ; petiole about

3 lin. long, glabrous ; spikes terminal, filiform, about 9 lin, long ;

peduncle 5 lin. long ; flowers scattered ; bracts subsessile, peltate ;

ovary ovoid ; stigma minute, puberulous ; berry subglobose, black,

slightly. sunk in the rhachis. Mig. Syst. Piper. 132; Drege, Zwei

Pfl. Documente, 124; C. DO. in DC. Prodr. xvi. i, 446 (incl. var.

alternifolia) ; Bolus & Wolley-Dod in Trans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soe, xiv.

312. “Piper retusum, Linn. f. Suppl. 91 ; Thunb, Fl. Cap. ed. Schult,

443: Vahl, Enum. i. 346; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 165.

Var. 8, ciliolata (C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. i. 447) ; leaves ciliate at the apex,

sometimes emarginate,

Coast Reaion: Cape Div. ; Cape Town, Alexander Prior ! Table Mountain,

Skeleton Gorge, 1500 ft., Galpin, 4435! Devils Mountain, among stones in a

shady valley, 1200 ft., Bolus, 3307! and by the Waterfall, Wolley-Dod, 858!

Kerstenbosch, Bergius. Knysna Diy, ; Karratera River, under 1000 ft., Drége!

near the Keurbooms River, Burchell, 5171! Kraatjes Kraal, in the forest and

by the rivulet, near Yzer Nek, Burchell, 5222! Var. B: Cape Diy. ; Devils

ountain, Fischer. George Div. ; in the forest near George, Burchell, 6053 !

CrenrraL REGION: Somerset Div. ; on the Bosch Berg, Burchell, 3205!

KALAHARI Reaion: Transvaal; Spitz Kop, Wilms, 1354!

Eastern ReGion: Tembuland ; Bazeia, Baur! Natal ; without precise locality,

Gerrard, 1518 !

4. P. Bachmannii (C. DC. in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 227); a small

herb growing on old trees or stones ; branches glabrous, about

2 in. long and } lin. in diam. ; leaves alternate, obovate, rounded

at the base and apex, 6 lin. long, 4} lin. wide, glabrous above,

puberulous beneath, ciliate on the margin, thinly membranous,

pellucid, 3-nerved and with a slender marginal nerve continued to

the apex; petiole 1} lin. long; spikes terminal, 9 lin. long ;

peduncle 4 lin. long. .

Eastern Recton: Pondoland, without precise locality, Rehmann, 419,

5. P. nana (C. DC. in Journ. Bot. 1866, 135); a dwarf herb ;

leaves alternate, orbicular or subreniform, obtuse at the apex,

rounded or truncate at the base, glabrous on both surfaces, very

492 PIPERACE& (Wright). [ Peperomia,

thin, pellucid, 3-nerved, without veinlets, midribs continued to apex,

lateral nerves more slender ; petiole glabrous, pellucid ; spikes leaf-

opposed, lax-flowered ; stigma simple; berry sessile, ovoid, acute,

slightly sunk in the rhachis. C. DC. in DC. Prodr. xvi. i, 404,

and in Engl. Jahrb. xix. 228.

Eastern Rearon : Pondoland ; in woods, 650-1600 ft,, Beyrich, 99.

Also in the Mascarene Islands,

OrperR CXVa. MONIMIACEA5,

(By C. H. Writ.)

Flowers unisexual in the South African genus, in some others

hermaphrodite. Perianth inferior, regular or irregular ; tube

globose; limb 4- or more lobed or oblique. Disk adnate to the

perianth-tube. Stamens indefinite, in two or more rows ; filaments

short, usually flat, often with a gland on each side of the base ;

anthers erect ; cells 2, distinct or confluent at the apex, dehiscing

longitudinally or by valves. Carpels distinct, usually many, more

or less immersed in the disk ; style long or short ; stigma terminal ;

ovule solitary, erect or pendulous, usually anatropous. — Fruit

indehiscent, included in the accrescent perianth-tube. Seed

solitary ; testa membranous ; albumen fleshy or oily,

Trees or shrubs ; leaves opposite or alternate, entire or toothed, penninerved,

ee se a flowers axillary, racemose, cymose or fascicled ; bracts small or

absent.

Distris. Species about 150, widely dispersed in the warmer regions of both

hemispheres,

I. XYMALOS, Baill.

Flowers diccious. Male flower: Perianth 4—6-partite ; lobes

ovate or lanceolate. Stamens 10-15; anthers subsessile, 2-celled,

dehiscence longitudinal. Rudiment of ovary none. Female flower :

Perianth 3-5-lobed. Staminodes absent, or represented by a ring

of hairs around the base of the ovary. Ovary obovoid or turbinate,

glabrous, I-celled ; ovule solitary, pendulous, anatropous ; stigma

sessile, discoid or subhemispherical, wider than the top of the ovary.

Fruit fleshy, smooth, crowned by the persistent stigma. Seed

compressed-ellipsoid, albuminous; embryo small ; cotyledons

roundish, flat.

Shrubs or small trees, glabrous except the inflorescence ; leaves nearly opposite,

coriaceous, shortly petioled, minutely pellucid-punctate ; racemes solitary or

geminate in the axils of the leaves ; bracts ovate or oblong.

Distrizn. Species 2, in Tropical Africa,

Xymalos. | MONIMIACEA (Wright). 493

1. X. monospora (Baill. in Bull. Soe. Linn. Paris, i. 650); a

shrub or small tree ; branches glabrous ; leaves alternate or almost

opposite, up to 6 in. long and 2} in. wide, varying from obovate

to elliptic, cuneate at the base, usually irregularly serrate, more

rarely entire, glabrous; main lateral nerves forming loops about

3 lin. within the margin; petiole about 6 lin. long; inflorescence

diwcious ; male flowers subtended by an ovate pubescent bract

shorter than the perianth; perianth nearly 1 lin. long, deeply

4-lobed, pubescent; stamens about 10; anthers shortly elliptic,

subsessile ; female flowers: perianth 3—5-lobed, less than 1 lin. long,

pubescent outside, and with a ring of hairs inside near the base ;

ovary oblong, slightly longer than the perianth. Warb. in Engl.

& Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iii. 6a, 53, fig. 21, A. B.; Oliv. in Hook. Ie.

Pl. t, 2444; Perkins in Engl. Pflanzenr. Monimiacex, 23 ; Sim, For.

Fl. Cape Col. 288, t. 121; Burtt-Davy in Transv. Agric. Journ, v.

416, 426, t. 171; Baker & C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr.

vi. 1. 169. X. usambarensis, Engl. Jahrb. xxx. 310. Xylosma

monospora, Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 52, t.181. Towxicodendron acutifolium,

Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xvii. 214. Paawiodendron usambarense,

Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 182, incl. var. serratifolia,

Coast Region: Victoria East Div. ; in woods at the source of the Chumie

River, Tyson in Herb. MacOwan, 2962! Cathcart Div. ; Amatola Range, MacOwan,

2962! British Kaffraria ; without precise locality, Mrs. Barber, 10!

KaxaHart Recion: Orange River Colony; without precise locality, Cooper,

1204! Transvaal ; Houtbosch mountains, Nelson, 428!

Eastern Recton: Transkei; Kentani, Miss Pegler, 835! Natal ; Inanda, Wood,

986! 1315! and without precise locality, Cooper, 1251! Gerrard, 1921 ! Swazi-

land ; Forbes Reef, 5100 ft., Burtt-Davy, 2732!

Also in Tropical Africa. Known in South Africa as ‘‘ wild lemon,” ‘‘lemon-

wood ”’ and ‘‘limoen hout.”

Orper CXVI. LAURINEZE.

(By O. Srapr.)

Flowers hermaphrodite, polygamous or diwcious, regular.

Perianth inferior, very rarely superior ; tube (receptacle) ovoid,

turbinate, campanulate or rarely oblong, sometimes growing out

and persisting after flowering ; lobes usually 6, equal or more or

less unequal, in 2 whorls, or the perianth divided almost to the

very base into 6 equal or subequal segments ; wstivation imbricate.

Stamens typically in 4 whorls at the base of and opposite to the

perianth-lobes or in the upper part of the receptacle, often one or

the other (usually the fourth) reduced to staminodes or entirely

suppressed ; filaments usually present, more or less flattened,

varying from very short to several times the length of the anther,

those of the third whorl mostly with a pair of large globose glands

at the sides or the base or behind them (ie., between the second

494 LAURINE® (Stapf). [Cryptocarya.

and third whorl), very rarely the glands fused with the receptacle

into a disk, or also the outer stamens with glands at the base ;

anthers continuous with the filaments, 2- or 4-valved, valves

superposed or more or less collateral, dehiscing from the base

upwards, introrse, or those of the third whorl more often extrorse.

Ovary superior, often more or less surrounded by the recep-

tacle or ultimately quite enclosed in it, very rarely inferior,

l-celled ; style terminal, short or long, simple ; stigma small, obtuse

or unilaterally widened or discoid. Ovule solitary, anatropous,

pendulous from near, the apex of the ovary. Fruit baceate, fleshy

or more or less drupaceous, indehiscent, more or less surrounded

by or entirely free or enclosed in the persistent and accrescent

perianth or its receptacular portion, often borne on an enlarged

pedicel. Seed pendulous, exalbuminous ; testa membranous, often

adnate to the pericarp and indistinct in the mature state. Embryo

straight ; cotyledons thick, fleshy, sometimes very tightly adpressed

to each other and not separable; radicle superior; plumule

distinct.

Trees or shrubs, very rarely (Cassytha) twining parasitic herbs, all parts with

aromatic oil glands ; leaves alternate, rarely opposite or subopposite, coriaceous

and evergreen, rarely membranous and annual, penniveined or 3-5-nerved, usually

with a distinct network of veins, very rarely (Cassytha) reduced to small scales ;

stipules 0 ; leaf-buds often scaly ; flowers small, greenish or yellowish in axillary

or subterminal, rarely terminal, cymose or racemose inflorescences, rarely solitary ;

bracts caducous or subpersistent, sometimes forming involucres below the partial

inflorescences ; bracteoles 0, except in Cassytha.

ieee Species about 1000, in the tropics and subtropical regions ; few in

ca,

I. Cryptocarya.—Anthers 2-valved. Fruit completely enclosed in the per-

sistent and accrescent receptacle. Trees or shrubs.

II. Ocotea.——Anthers 4-valved ; valves superposed. Fruit baccate, seated on

or in the enlarged cupular receptacle. Trees (the South African

species a tall tree) or shrubs.

IIL. Cassytha.—Twining parasitic herbs destitute of chlorophyll, with the

leaves reduced to small scales.

I. CRYPTOCARYA, R. Br.

Flowers hermaphrodite. Perianth herbaceous ; receptacle ovoid

to turbinate or subcylindric, after flowering constricted above, per-

sistent ; lobes 6, in 2 whorls, subequal, deciduous. Stamens 1D

4 whorls, the outer 2 whorls fertile and inserted at the base of the

perianth-lobes, the third fertile, and like the fourth, which is

staminodial, inserted in the upper part of the receptacle ; anthers

2-valved, of the two outer whorls introrse, of the third extrorse ;

filaments short, those of the third whorl with a pair of sessile or

stipitate glands at the base or in front of it ; staminodes ovoid and

shortly stipitate or attenuated at the base.’ Ovary sessile, enclosed

in the receptacle ; style shortly exserted. Fruit globose or oblong,

enclosed in the enlarged indurated or somewhat fleshy receptacle,

Cryptocarya. | LAURINES (Stapf). 495

smooth or longitudinally ribbed ; pericarp membranous or indurated,

more or less free from the receptacle. Testa membranous, not or

imperfectly separable from the pericarp.

Trees or shrubs ; leaves alternate, rarely subopposite, penninerved or 3-nerved,

coriaceous ; flowers small, in subterminal or axillary panicles, rarely solitary.

Disrris. Over 40 species in the tropics (mostly in the Indo-Malayan region)

and 6 in extra-tropical South Africa,

Leaves linear to linear-lanceolate, about 8 times as long

as broad... ane se sey ey ac +. (1) angustifolia.

Leaves elliptic or ovate, about twice (or less) as long as

broad : :

Leaves more or less cuneate and acute at the base ;

flowers in axillary panicles or few- to 1-flowered

cymes :

Leaves tri- or tripli-nerved at the base, usually very

obtuse ote es sk at . (2) latifolia.

Leaves not tri- or tripli-nerved at the base, acute or

acuminate :

' Leaves broad-elliptic, obtusely acuminate ; panicles

lax, the upper often reduced to few-flowered

cymes or solitary flowers ee. aie ... (3) Woodii.

Leaves elliptic-lanceolate, acute at both ends ;

panicles dense and short ies aan «» (4) myrtifolia.

Leaves rounded at the base, almost permanently

hairy below ; flowers in 3-1-flowered axillary or

terminal cymes, or solitary on short leafy

branchlets :

Reticulation raised on both sides of the leaves,

these therefore punctate or foveolate ,.. + (5) Sutherlandii.

Reticulation. impressed above, raised below ;

upper side of leaf therefore finely rugose

under the lens... ee ies er ..» (6) Wyliei.

1. C. angustifolia (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pf. Documente, 97,

99, 176; name only); a tall shrub, 8-12 ft. high; branches

glabrous except at the growing tips which are fulvo-pubescent ;

leaves linear-lanceolate, acute at both ends, with a callous acute

point at the tips, 2-34 in. long, 3-5 lin. broad, coriaceous, glossy

above, glaucous underneath, fulvo-pubescent in bud, very soon

glabrous, lateral nerves numerous, spreading and like the very close

reticulation faintly raised on both sides; petioles 1-2} lin. long;

panicles axillary, up to 3 in. long (including the peduncle), few- to

over 12-flowered, the lowest and longest often leafy, the uppermost

much reduced and short, very finely pubescent ;: bracts lanceolate to

subulate, deciduous, small; bracteoles minute, subulate ; pedicels

hardly any or up to | lin. long, slender ; perianth subcampanulate, up

to over 1} lin. long, greyish to fulvously pubescent within and without

excepting the obovoid receptacle which is glabrous within ; segments

subequal, elliptic-oblong, up to 1 lin. long ; filaments very minutely

pubescent ; anthers as long as and broader than the filaments, ovate,

obtuse, minutely pubescent on the back and at the tips, about 2 lin.

long; staminal glands distinctly stipitate, capitate ; staminodes } lin.

496 LAURINEA (Stapf). | Cryptocury.

long, obtuse ; ovary and style glabrous, the latter almost 1 lin. long ;

fruit oblong in outline, 8-9 lin. long, 4-5 lin. in diam. ; receptacle

thin, fleshy ; pericarp crustaceous. Meisn. in DO. Prodr. xv. i. 74.

Coast Region: Vanrhynsdorp Division; near the Olifants River, between

Ebenezer and Gift Berg, Drége ! Paarl Div. ; between Paarl and Lady Grey Rail-

way Bridge and on Great Draakenstein Mountains, Drege! Tulbagh Div. ;

Mosterts Hoek, in moist places, MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 244!

Worcester Div. ; near the Hex River, Burke! Swellendam Div. ; dry hills near

the Breede River, Burchell, 7481! by the Buffeljagts River, Burchell, 7287 !

Zeyher, 1128 !

2. C. latifolia (Sonder in Linnea, xxiii. 101); a large tree;

branches fulvo-pubescent ; leaves elliptic to elliptic-oblong, very

obtuse, rarely subacute, subcuneate at the base, 2-3 in. long,

1-1} in. broad, thinly coriaceous, cinnamon-colour_ below, finely

pubescent and at length glabrous above, finely fulvo-tomentellous

(particularly along the nerves) when young, slowly becoming more

or less glabrous ; lateral nerves about 4 on each side, the lowest

pair from the base or almost so, remote from the next pair, very

oblique and long produced beyond the middle, transverse nerves

loose, slightly raised below and above, reticulation faint and close

or obscure ; petioles 3-4 lin. long; panicles axillary, up to 1} in.

long (including the peduncle), few- to over 12-flowered, the

larger sometimes with 1 or 2 small foliage leaves in the upper

part densely fulvo-pubescent or almost velvety, the uppermost

often reduced to 3 or 2 on very short peduncles ; bracts minute,

very early deciduous; flowers subsessile in small clusters at

the ends of the branchlets; perianth campanulate, up to over

14 lin. long, fulvo-tomentellous without and within ; receptacle

oblong, constricted at the insertion of the segments ; segments

ovate-oblong, subequal, about 1 lin. long ; filaments pubescent ;

anthers equalling the filaments, ovate-oblong, subacute, outer 6 about

3 lin. long, inner smaller ; staminal glands sessile or subsessile ;

staminodes subsessile, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate ; fruit unknown.

Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xv. i. 74.

Eastern Recion: Natal; near Durban, Gucinzius ; Berea, McKen, 13! and

without precise locality, Gerrard, 1656!

This is probably the unnamed Cryptocarya mentioned by Sim, For. Flor.

Cap. 289, which he describes as a large tree, up to 60 ft. high with a trunk

3 ft. in diameter, and producing fruits } in. across, with a green skin which

blackens after falling. It isknown in Pondoland and lower Natal as * Umtungwa.”

3. C. Woodii (Engl. in Bot. Jahrb. xxvi. 391); a small tree

10-15 ft. high ; branches slender, glabrous excepting the minutely

pubescent growing tip ; leaves broad-elliptic, shortly cuneate at the

base, obtusely, and sometimes long, acuminate, 14-1} in. long;

$11 in. broad (rarely up to 3 by 1} in.), thinly coriaceous, quite

glabrous excepting when in bud and then fulvo-pubescent, lateral

nerves about 4 on each side like the very close and fine reticulation

slightly raised on each side, petioles 14-2} lin. long; panicles

axillary, often reduced to few-flowered cymes or solitary flowers, UP to

Cryptocarya. | LAURINE& (Stapf). 497

3 in. long (including the very slender peduncles), more or less finely

and adpressedly pubescent; bracts ovate, fulvo-pubescent, very

early deciduous ; bracteoles minute, lanceolate, with dark glandular

tips, somewhat below the receptacle ; pedicels of the cymes rarely

over | lin. long and often much shorter, of solitary flowers up to

3 lin, long, filiform ; perianth campanulate, up to almost 1? lin.

long ; very minutely pubescent without and within, excepting the

subcylindric receptacle which is glabrous within ; segments sub-

equal, elliptic-oblong, obtuse, }-+ lin. long; filaments pubescent ;

6 outer anthers elliptic in outline, obtuse, 3 lin. long, inner 3

smaller and narrower, and acute, all glabrous or pubescent at the

base of the connective, rather longer than the filaments; staminal

glands stipitate ; staminodes lanceolate, acutely acuminate, } lin.

long, ovary and style glabrous; fruit globose or subglobose, dark

brown, 6-8 lin. long, 5-6 lin. (according to Sim, 6-9 lin.) ; receptacle

fleshy ; pericarp thick crustaceous. C. acuminata, Schinz ex Sim,

For. Fl. Cap. 289, t. 158, fiz. 1.

Coast Recion: King Williamstown Div. ; Perie Forest, Galpin, 3279! by the

riverside near King Williamstown, Sim, 1157! Komgha Div. ; near Komgha,

Schlechter, 6153 | East London Div. ; wooded ravine near the mouth of Kwenqura

River, Galpin, 5808 !

EasteRN Recion: Transkei; Tsomo Forest, Barber, 12! hy streams near

Kentani, Miss Pegler, 712! Natal; Inanda, Wood, 766! 4684, and without

precise locality, Gerrard, 72! 1658! Cooper, 1173! Gerrard & McKen, 702!

The fruits of Wood’s specimen from the Inanda forest are produced at the

top into a beak, a condition of which there is hardly an indication in the other

specimen ; otherwise, however, the specimens agree perfectly with the remainder.

Native name J'unga according to Sim.

4. C. myrtifolia (Stapf); branches slender, growing tips of

branchlets fulvo-pubescent, soon glabrescent ; leaves broadly elliptic-

lanceolate to elliptic, acute at both ends, or tips acutely acuminate,

1-1} in. long, $—} in. broad, coriaceous, finely pubescent when

quite young, at length quite glabrous; lateral nerves about 6 on

each side, very faint, exceedingly closely and finely reticulate, pallid

below ; petioles slender, about 1} lin. long ; panicles axillary, $-1}

in. long (including the slender peduncles), the lower often leafy in

the upper part, the uppermost much reduced and short, all some-

what dense, minutely fulvo-pubescent ; bracts ovate, small, very early

deciduous ; bracteoles obsolete ; pedicels hardly any or up to over

$ lin. long ; perianth campanulate, over 14 lin. long, fulvo-pubescent

without and excepting the oblong receptacle within; segments

subequal, elliptic-oblong, obtuse, almost 1 lin. long; filaments

pubescent; anthers ovate, apiculate, 3 lin. long, very minutely

pubescent on the back along the connective; staminal glands

stipitate ; staminodes ovate, mucronulate-acute ; ovary and style

glabrous, the latter } lin. long; fruit globose, 4 lin. in diam. ;

receptacle very thin, fleshy ; pericarp crustaceous.

Eastern Recion: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 1402! and without precise locality,

Gerrard, 1657 !

VOL. V.—SECT. I. 2K

498 LAURINE (Stapf). [Cryptocarya.

5. C. Sutherlandii (Stapf); a shrub; branches very slender,

densely fulvo-pubescent to almost tomentose in the younger parts ;

leaves ovate, rounded at the base, subacute or subacuminate, often

with a minute mucro, }—1 in. long, }-} in. broad, thinly coriaceous,

finely pubescent above when quite young, soon glabrous, fulvo-

tomentose below, never becoming quite glabrous, lateral nerves

4-6 on each side, very faint or quite obscure, reticulation very

close, usually faintly raised below, more or less concealed by the

hairs, slightly impressed above ; petioles 1-1} lin. long ; flowers in

3-1-flowered axillary or terminal cymes on short leafy branchlets ;

peduncle filiform, finely villous, up to 3 lin. long ; bracts lanceolate

with an acute fleshy mucro, up to almost 1 lin. long; bracteoles

similar but smaller ; pedicels almost as long as the bracts ; perianth

campanulate, not quite 1 lin. long, glabrous within and without or

nearly so; segments subequal, ovate to elliptic, almost 4 lin. long;

filaments glabrous or sparingly and minutely pubescent ; anthers

ovate, obtuse, glabrous; staminal glands stipitate ; staminodes

ovate, subacute; fruits globose, 3 lin. in diam.; receptacle very

thin, fleshy ; pericarp crustaceous.

Eastern Recron: Natal; in stony places near Murchison, Wood, 3083!

fUmlaasi Iceation, near Bevaan River, Wood, 3388! Coast-land, Sutherland !.

6. C. Wyliei (Stapf); branches very slender, densely fulvo-

pubescent to tomentose in the younger parts; leaves ovate,

rounded at the base, subacuminate, sometimes minutely mucronate,

3-14 lin. long, }-1 in. broad, thinly coriaceous, dull subglaucous,

finely pubescent above, soon glabrous with the exception of the

midrib, fulvo- or rusty-tomentose underneath when young, then

loosely hairy with the exception of the permanently tomentose

nerves, lateral nerves 4-5 on each side, slightly raised below,

impressed above, reticulation close, faintly raised on both sides ;

petioles 1-1} lin. long, pubescent; flowers solitary, axillary or

terminal on short leafy branchlets, borne on slender rusty

tomentose pedicels 1-5 lin. Jong ; perianth finely pubescent without

and excepting the receptacle within ; segments subequal, rotundate-

ovate to broad-elliptic, subacute or obtuse, slightly over } Jin. long ;

filaments pubescent ; anthers ovate, obtuse, } lin. long, glabrous ;

staminal glands sessile; staminodes very small triangular-ovate,

acute ; fruit globose, black, almost } in. in diam. ; receptacle thin,

fleshy ; pericarp crustaceous.

7 eed Reaion: Zululand; Ngoye, 2000-3000 ft., Wylie in Herb. Wood,

II. OCOTEA, Aubl.

Flowers usually dicecious or hermaphrodite. Perianth herbaceous,

with or without a receptacle or tube, 6- or 8-lobed or partite ; maf

or segments equal, usually deciduous, Hermaphrodite : stamens in

Ocotea. | LAURINE (Stapf). — 499

or 4 whorls, the outer 3 fertile, the fourth (if present) staminodial] ;

anthers 4-valved ; valves in superposed pairs, of the 2 outer whorls

introrse, of the third extrorse or subextrorse, very rarely introrse ;

filaments very short or 0, or longer than the anthers, of the third

whorl with a sessile, very rarely stipitate, gland at each side of the

base ; staminodes, if present, slender ; ovary ovoid, ellipsoid or sub-

globose, usually glabrous, longer or shorter than the style. Male:

as in the hermaphrodite flowers, but ovary sterile, stalk-like or quite

Suppressed. Female: as in the hermaphrodite flowers, but stamens

rudimentary, barren. Fruit baccate, ellipsoid or globose, seated on

or in an enlarged cupular receptacle, which is either truncate or

6-toothed or 6-lobed from the persistent perianth-lobes,

Trees or shrubs; leaves alternate, membranous or coriaceous, glabrous or

hairy ; flowers small, in cymes, arranged in axillary or subterminal panicles.

Distris. Species about 200, mostly in Tropical America, 1 in Tropical

Africa, 1 in South Africa, and a few in the Mascarene Islands,

1. 0. bullata (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei PA. Documente, 205,

name only); a tree, 60-80 ft. high, with a straight clean trunk,

3-5 ft. in diam. ; bark dark brown, rugged and scaly in old trees ;

young branches very minutely greyish pubescent at their tips, soon

glabrous, drying dark brown or blackish ; leaves alternate, elliptic

to oblong, shortly acuminate, obtuse or subacute at the base, 2—4 in,

long, 1-2 in. broad, coriaceous, glabrous ; lateral nerves about 6 on

each side of the midrib, closely and prominently reticulated on both

sides ; usually large pits (acarodomitia) with ciliolate orifices on the

underside in the axils of the lowest 1—2 pairs of nerves, the pits

corresponding to large hollow tubercles on the upper side ; petiole

2-1 in. long, channelled above ; panicles from the axils of some of

the uppermost leaves, lax, including the peduncles 2-3 in. long, about

1 in. wide, very finely and scantily pubescent at least in the upper

part; peduncles } to over 1 in. long ; bracts ovate, concave, very

early deciduous, greyish-silky-pubescent ; pedicels 1 (rarely 2) lin,

long ; flowers polygamous, perianth yellowish-white, finely pubescent

without, 24 lin. across when quite open ; receptacle hemispheric,

% lin. high, glabrous within 3 Segments spreading, subequal, ovate-

elliptic, obtuse, ciliolate, glabrous within ; stamens of the male and

hermaphrodite flowers with linear glabrous filaments as long as the

anthers ; glands sessile, subglobese, on each side of the base of the

stamens of the third whorl ; Staminodes narrow, acute, about 2 lin.

long ; stamens and staminodes of the female very much reduced ;

ovary immersed, but free, in the receptacle, like the slender style

glabrous ; stigma discoid; fruit oblong, ? in. long, } in. in diam.

Seated in the cup-shaped enlarged receptacle which equals about 4 of

the fruit. Sim, For. Fl. Cap. 289, t. 122; Thonn. Blittenpfl. Afr.

t. 52; Burtt-Davy in Transv. Agr. Journ. v. 467 : #172. Oreodaphne

bullata, Nees, Syst. Laur. 449; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xv. i. 118.

Laurus bullata, Burch. Trav. i. 72. ail

500 LAURINES (Stapf.) [ Ocotea.

Coast Recion: Swellendam Div. ; Grootvaders Bosch, Zeyher, 3629! Knysna

Div. ; Bosch River, Drége ; in the forest at Knysna, Burchell, 5409 | 5432! forest

near Yzer Nek, Burchell, 5236! Humansdorp Div.; by the Kromme River,

Drége!

This is the ‘‘ Stinkwood,”’ one of the most valuable timber trees of Cape Colony.

According to Sim, l.c. 290, this tree ranges ‘‘ from Cape Town to the Transvaal

eastern forests,” and is at its best in the Knysna and Natal forests. He also

mentions it from the Transkeian Mountains and Pondoland. Apart from the

specimens enumerated above, all of which are typical Ocotea bullata, there are

two sheets of Gerrard's at Kew which are possibly referable to Ocotea, The

specimens consist of barren shoots and seem to represent a species distinct from

O. bullata, The leaves are broad-elliptic, very obtuse, with only 4 lateral nerves

on each side, and they, like the branchlets, are much more pubescent than

those of G. bullata. There is also no trace of acarodomitia so commonly

found in the latter species, Under the circumstances it is not improbable that

the ‘‘Stinkwood” of Natal is a species as yet undescribed.

III. CASSYTHA, Linn.

Flowers hermaphrodite, sometimes dimorphic (diccious?). Perianth

with a turbinate or ovoid receptacle (very small during flowering) and

a 6-partite limb, after flowering tightly constricted at the junction

of limb and tube; segments unequal, outer 3 much smaller.

Stamens in 4 whorls of 3, of the 3 outer fertile, of the fourth

staminodial, rarely also those of the second whorl reduced to

staminodes ; anthers 2-celled, of the 2 outer whorls introrse, of the

third extrorse ; filaments of the third whorl with subsessile glands

at each side of the base ; staminodes subsessile or stipitate. Ovary

during flowering hardly immersed in the receptacle, which after-

wards grows out and envelops it. Fruit completely enclosed in the

succulent receptacle, often crowned by the persistent limb. Seed

with a coriaceous testa. Cotyledons tightly adpressed to each other,

distinct only when young.

Twining, parasitic herbs, destitute of chlorophyll, adhering to their hosts by

means of uniseriate haustoria ; leaves reduced to minute scales ; flowers small,

racemose, spicate or capitate, segsile or pedicelled from the axils of scale-like

bracts, supported by a pair of bracteoles.

Disrris. Species about 16, mostly Australian.

Inflorescences loosely spicate, 1-2 in. long “as ee a) ee

Inflorescences capitate, subsessile or peduncled ; peduncles

rarely over 4 lin. long:

Whole plant glabrous excepting the sometimes very ~~

minutely hispidulous growing tips and inflo-

rescences and the sometimes ciliolate bracts and

outer perianth-segments ... ... «+++ _ (2) ciliolata.

Whole plant hairy, inflorescences and growing tips Oe

rusty tomentose ... 4... ae ses (3) pondcensis,

1. C. filiformis (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 35); stems filiform, bright

yellow, glabrous or more or less pubescent to tomentose ; leaf-scales

ovate to lanceolate-subulate, acute; inflorescences loosely spicate,

usually solitary, spreading, 1-2 in. long, few- to 10-flowered ; flowers

hermaphrodite, white, up to about 1 lin. long ; bracteoles ciliolate ;

Cassytha.] _ LAURINE (Stapf). 501

outer perianth-segments very similar to the bracteoles, inner

broadly ovate-oblong, obtuse, 3 times longer ; filaments of the first

whorl broader than the anther, thinly membranous, of the second

narrower than the anther; staminodes triangular, fleshy ; fruit

crowned with the persistent limb, 2-3 lin. in diam. Meisn. in DC.

Prodr. xv. i. 255; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 182; Hiern in Cat. Afr.

Pl. Welw. i. 915; Engl. ea Gilg in Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped.

238; De Wild. in Etudes Fl. Bas et Moyen Congo, i. 244; Stapf in

Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 188. C. guineensis, Meisn. l.e. (inel. var.

_ Livingstonii). C. americana, Meisn. Lc. 256. Cassyta guineensis,

Schum. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 199; Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl.

497. C. americana, Nees, Syst. Laur. 644.

Eastern Reeion : Pondoland ; between Umtentu River and Umzimkula River,

Drége! Delagoa Bay: Lourengo Marques, Schlechter, 11547 !

Widely spread throughout the tropics.

2. C. ciliolata (Nees, Syst. Laur. 646); stems filiform, yellow,

glabrous or sometimes the growing tips rufous-hispidulous ; leaf-

scales ovate, subacute, slightly produced downwards at the obtuse

and often very minutely hispidulous base, up to 1 lin. long ;

inflorescences peduncled, few- (usually 3-) flowered, capitate or

shortly spicate ; peduncles simple or more rarely divided, glabrous

or sometimes sparingly and very minutely hispidulous 1-6 (usually

about 3) lin. long; with two lateral scale-leaves at the base re-

sembling the supporting scale-leaves, but usually narrower and more

acute ; bracts and bracteoles broad-ovate to rotundate, subacute or

obtuse, }-} lin. long, minutely and sometimes sparingly ciliolate or

eciliolate ; perianth at the time of flowering 14-2 lin. long, quite

glabrous apart from the outer segments which resemble the

bracteoles and are like these often more or less ciliolate ; segments

somewhat fleshy ; inner segments ovate-oblong, obtuse, 11-1} lin.

long ; stamens of the first 3 whorls fertile ; anthers ovate ; filaments

glabrous, slightly narrowed towards the base, those of the second

whorl very short, of the fourth whorl reduced to thick triangular

sessile staminodes ; fruit yellow, globose, ellipsoid, 24-3 lin. long,

crowned by the persistent perianth. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xv. i.

254. C. triflora E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 97, 171

(name only). C. capensis, Meisn. l.c. (incl. var. spicata).

Coast Recion: Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountain, Drége! Cape Diy. ; Table

Mountain, £cklon, 160! Zeyher, 3630b! Mountains near Cape Town, Burke !

Bolus, 2445! Harvey, 560! 483! Burchell, 331! 920! 486! 8434! Simons Bay,

Wright! Knysna Div.; hills at Plettenbergs Bay, Burchell, 5332! 5342;

Uitenhage Div. ; Uitenhage, Zeyher, 731! Zeyher, 3630a.

C. glabella, E. Meyer (not of R. Br.) in th Zwei PA. Documente, 88, from Table

Mountain belongs v robably here, whilst Cassyta sp. 8037, E. Meyer, Lc., is

Cuscuta vaeploatas; iets: as is also Burchell, 3178, quoted by Meisner under

C. capensis.

3. C. pondoensis (Engl.in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. 392) ; stems filiform,

hairy all over, the young parts rusty tomentose, hairs at length

502 LAURINE& (Stapf). [ Cassytha.

discoloured and often more or less curled; leaf-scales ovate, sub-

obtuse, up to 14 lin. long, very slightly produced downwards at the

obtuse base, loosely hairy ; inflorescences peduncled, capitate,

3-5-flowered, rarely reduced to a single flower, rusty-tomentose ;

peduncles solitary or in fascicles of 2-4, up to 3 lin. long, with

2 lateral scale-leaves at the very base, resembling the subtending

scale-leaf, but usually more elliptic and more obtuse ; bracts and

bracteoles broad-ovate to rotundate, 4-1 lin. long, subhyaline,

rusty-pubescent and ciliate; perianth greenish, at the time of

flowering 1} lin. long; receptacle rusty-pubescent ; segments sub-

hyaline, outer rotundate or rotundate-ovate, $—? lin. long, ciliate;

otherwise glabrous, inner ovate-oblong, when flattened out, subobtuse

or, owing to the more or less inflexed sides, lanceolate-triangular and

almost acute, 1} lin. long, glabrous without, minutely pubescent

within, 3-nerved ; stamens of the first 3 whorls fertile; anthers

ovate ; filaments broad-linear, those of the first whorl ciliate, of the

second very short, of the fourth reduced to. triangular thick

staminodes. Fruit up to 3 lin. in diam. 0. rubiginosa, E. Meyer in

Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 154, 171; name only. C. pubescens,

E. Meyer, l.c. 154, not of R. Br.

Eastern Recion: Pondoland; on a rocky hill by the Umtentu River and

between Umtentu River and Umzimkulu River, Drége! various localities,

Bachmann, 515! 516! 517!

OrpER CXVII. PROTEACE.

(By J. Hutcuinson, E, P. Puitxips and O. Starr.)

Flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual and diccious, rarely

polygamous. Perianth corolline, simple, inferior, tetramerous,

actinomorphic or more or less zygomorphic, valvate, usually tubular

in bud, with a more or less differentiated widened limb, variously

divided when opening. Stamens 4, opposite the perianth-segments ;

filaments usually more or less adnate to the perianth-segments,

rarely free ; anthers free, erect, with introrse parallel thece, very

rarely laterally cohering. Ovary sessile or stipitate, with or

without hypogynous scales or an annular or cupular dise at the

base, l-celled, sometimes oblique or excentric; style terminal,

short or more often long; stigma small. Ovules numerous and

biseriate or few or only 1, pendulous and orthotropous or laterally

attached and amphitropous or anatropous; micropyle always

inferior. Fruita nut, drupe, follicle or capsule. Seeds several or

2 or 1, often compressed and winged; testa thin or coriaceous ;

albumen 0; embryo with 2 equal or unequal, compressed or thick,

and fleshy cotyledons, and a short radicle, rarely with more than

2 cotyledons.

Trees or shrubs, rarely perennial herbs. Leaves spirally wrinean, rarely

verticillate or opposite, entire or variously and sometimes decompoundly divided,

PROTEACE# (Stapf). 503

mostly coriaceous, exstipulate. Flowers solitary or in pairs in the axils of per-

sistent or deciduous bracts, arranged in racemes, umbels, spikes or small or

large heads, the latter often involucrate.

Distrip. Over 50 genera with nearly 1000 species, of which 14 genera in-

habit South Africa, a few of these extending into Tropical Africa, the remainder

mostly in Australia, few in the Indo-Malayan region, the Pacific Islands and

South America,

Tribe 1. PrERson1r®.—Flowers solitary in the axils of leaves or in bracteate

racemes or spikes. Perianth actinomorphic, with the segments separating

as the flower opens, or soon afterwards. Filaments free or adnate to the

perianth-segments at the base only or up to below the limb. Ovules 2 or 1,

rarely more, pendulous and orthotropous, rarely laterally attached and

amphitropous. Fruit indehiscent. Cotyledons thick, unequal, 2 or more.

I. Brabeium.—Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous in dense axillary spike-

like racemes. Filaments attached to the base of the perianth-segments.

Ovary sessile, woolly ; ovules 2, pendulous. Fruit a drupe with a

corky exocarp and a woody endocarp. Leaves verticillate, serrate.

Tribe 2.—Prorerm.—Flowers solitary in the axils of bracts, usually in heads,

more rarely in spikes or racemes. Perianth actinomorphic or more or less

zygomorphic, with all the segments more or less deeply separating or with

only one detaching itself from the remainder of the perianth. Anthers

sessile or subsessile at the base of the limb. Ovule 1, laterally attached or

ascending, amphitropous. Fruit a dry nut, sometimes winged.

* Flowers diwcious, actinomorphic. Leaves entire.

II. Aulax.—Male flowers in spike-like racemes ; female flowers in involucrate

heads ; involucre made up of whorls of flattened dorsally foliate and

laterally bracteate branchlets, resembling pectinate bracts ; flowers

solitary on the inner side of the branchlets and in spirals on a central

axis or only on the latter. Nuts laid bare.

III. Leucadendron.— Male and female flowers in bracteate heads ; bracts per-

sistent, the outer often forming an involucre, accrescent and

indurated in the female heads which on maturity become strobili-

form. Nuts hidden within the bracts, more or less compressed,

sometimes winged.

** Flowers hermaphrodite, more or less zygomorphic, at least on opening.

Inflorescence capitate or spicate. Leaves entire.

+ Flowers capitate.

IV. Protea,—Anticous (abaxial) perianth-segment entirely separating from the

others, which remain fused into a sheath widened at the base and

a 3-toothed or 3-awned lip.

V. Leucospermum.—Anticous (abaxial) perianth-segment separating more or

less between the base and the limb, never quite free ; limb recurved

in the open flower.

++ Flowers spicate.

VI. Faurea.—Perianth splitting anticously (abaxially) to the base or

almost so.

*** Flowers hermaphrodite, actinomorphic or slightly zygomorphic (Spatalla) ;

perianth-segments in the open flower cohering at the base only,

Inflorescence capitate. Leaves entire or variously divided.

+ Flowers in typically many-flowered, or sometimes by reduction few-

. flowered, terminal or axillary heads.

t Leaves undivided.

VII. Mimetes.—Heads medium-sized, aggregated and partly hidden in the

axils of the upper leaves,

VIII. Orothamnus.— Heads large, much exserted from the axils of the upper

504 PROTEACE& (Stapf).

leaves, surrounded by large spathulate-oblong, obtuse, coloured

invelucral bracts.

IX. Diastella.— Heads small, terminal and solitary, surrounded by small

inconspicuous bracts.

tt Leaves pinnately or bipinnately divided, very rarely entire and then

usually terete or narrowly linear.

X. Serruria.—Jnvolucral bracts rarely conspicuous and coloured, or if so

then glabrous.

++ Flowers in 1-flowered or typically few- (2-4-, rarely up to 9-) flowered

heads congested in terminal spikes, racemes or head-like glomerules,

never in the axils of the upper leaves.

{ Leaves undivided.

§ Involucre calycoid, more or less bilabiate, toothed. Inflorescence

cylindric,

XI. Spatalla.—Corolla slightly zygomorphic, the posticous (adaxial) lobe

being larger and more densely villous or bearded than the others.

Ovary somewhat oblique ; stigma obliquely discoid.

XII. Spatallopsis.—Corolla actinomorphic. Ovary not oblique; stigma

obliquely capitate.

§§ Involucre of as many free bracts as flowers. Inflorescence globose.

XIII. Sorocephalus.—Corolla actinomorphic. Ovary not oblique ; style con-

stricted above the ovary ; stigma oblong.

tt Leaves all pinnately divided or the upper undivided, Involucral bracts

imbricate, the two lateral exterior.

XIV. Nivenia.—Inflorescence spicate or globose ; partial heads with as many

involucral bracts as there are flowers. Stigma clavate to capitate.

I. BRABEIUM, Linn.

Flowers hermaphrodite, or polygamous by abortion, actinomorphic.

Perianth cylindric in bud with a globose limb; segments 4, on

flowering separating to the base, spathulate-linear, revolute.

Stamens slightly shorter than the perianth-segments; filaments

linear, from the base of the perianth-segments; anthers linear-

oblong ; connective produced into a small apical gland. Hypogynous

disc annular. Ovary sessile, long-hairy ; style terete, clavate above,

glabrous, subpersistent ; stigma smal], terminal. Ovules 2, pendu-

lous, orthotropous. Fruit a drupe, densely velvety ; exocarp corky,

traversed by fibres ; endocarp woody. Seed solitary ; embryo with

hard thick equal cotyledons.

A small tree or shrub; leaves in whorls of 6, shortly petioled, undivided,

serrate, coriaceous; flowers pedicelled, 2-nate in the axils of early deciduous

bracts, arranged in dense spike-like axillary racemes.

Distris. Species 1, confined to the Western portion of Cape Colony.

1. B. stellatifolium (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i, 121); a small tree or

shrub, 8-10 ft. high ; young tops purplish ; branches fulvous or

rufous-tomentose when young, at length glabrescent or quite

Brabeiwm. | PROTEACEZ (Stapf). 505

glabrous; leaves lanceolate, acute or subobtuse and apiculate,

distantly serrate, 3-6 in. long, }—1 in. broad, coriaceous, fulvously

silky-tomentose in bud, usually very soon glabrescent, prominently

reticulated, midrib very prominent below ; petiole short; racemes

cylindric, about 3 in. (the female sometimes up to 6 in.) long,

solitary or sometimes ternate on a short common peduncle ; axis of

raceme fulvous-villous ; bracts closely imbricated, deciduous before

the opening of the flowers, obovate to elliptic, obtuse, 2—2} lin.

long, 1} lin. broad, membranous, fulvously to rufously villous ;

flowers white, sweet-scented ; pedicel 2-24 lin. long, finely greyish-

villous ; segments free to the base, spathulate-linear, obtuse, 2? lin.

long, revolute, sparingly hairy; filaments 1 lin. long; anthers

scarcely } lin. long; apical gland minute, ovate ; style 1? lin. long,

glabrous, long persistent, covered with long fulvous or rufous

hairs; mature fruit borne on pedicels 2-2} lin. long, obovoid,

constricted at one or both ends, 1-1} in. long, densely rufously

velvety. Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 177; Linn. Mant. 332; R. Br. in

Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 165; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 344 ; Pappe,

Silva Cap. ed. i. 29; Sim, For. Fl. Cape, 299, t. 132. B. stelluli-

folium, Murray (Linn.) Syst. Veg. ed. xiii. 764 ; Houtt. Handl. vi.

424, t. 37; Lam. Ill. t. 847; Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. 972; Roem. &

Schult. Syst. Veg. iii. 399. B. stellatum, Thunb. Prodr. 31 ; Fl. Cap.

ed. Schult. 156. B. stellare, Knight, Prot. 98. Brabyla capensis,

Linn. Mant. 137. Amygdalus zxthiopica, etc., Breyne, Cent. 1. t. 1.

Arbor exthiopica hexaphylla, Pluk. Almag. 47, t. 265, fig. 3.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg! Grey! Gueinzius !

Coast Recron: Tulbagh Div.; Mitchells Pass, Bolus, 4639! Cape Div.; near

Paradise, east side of Table Mountain, Pappe! near Cape Town, Burchell, 426!

Phillips, Paarl Div.; near Paarl, Thunberg. Paarl Mountain, Drége! Stellen-

bosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1522! Caledon

Div. ; by the Palmiet River, ex Meisner. Swellendam Div. ; near the Buffeljagts

and Zondereinde Rivers, Thunberg. Riversdale Div. ; between Garcias Pass and

Krombecks River, Burchell, 7175 !

The red, reticulated wood is used for ornamental joiners’ and turners’ work.

The seed may be eaten after prolonged soaking in water, but is considered

unwholesome when fresh.

II. AULAX, Berg.

Flowers dicecious, actinomorphic. Male flowers :—Perianth very

indistinctly differentiated into tube and limb, tubular, straight in

bud, on opening separating into 4 linear segments ; the channelled

limbs about twice as long as the claws. Anthers linear on very

short filaments, inserted at the base of the perianth-limbs ; connective

not produced. Hypogynous scales 0. Ovary rudimentary, small,

with a subulate style thickened upwards. Female flowers :—Perianth

tubular in bud, widened towards the base, cylindric above, in the

open flower consisting of a subangular elongate-conical tube and

4 more or less spreading or recurved lobes, as long as or shorter

than the tube; lobes filiform from a widened base, the filiform

506 PROTEACE (Stapf). [ Aulaz.

portion corresponding to the limb of the male perianth, channelled.

Staminodes inserted at the base of the limb, very short, filiform.

Hypogynous scales 0. Ovary oblong-ovoid, densely covered with long

hairs ; style filiform, subclavate upwards; stigma lateral at the

end of the style, oblong, deeply and longitudinally grooved, papillose.

Ovule 1, ascending from near the base, anatropous. Nut somewhat

compressed, angular, hairy. Cotyledons thick, equal.

Glabrous, densely foliate shrubs ; leaves scattered, undivided, entire, narrow,

coriaceous ; male flowers in spike-like, bracteate racemes, terminal on leafy, short,

equal or unequal branchlets, which are usually gathered into fascicles or pseudo-

whorls at the end of longer shoots ; bracts subulate, persistent with the pedicels ;

female flowers in involucrate heads arranged more or less like the male racemes,

but usually fewer and surrounded by the crowded uppermost leaves, which often

exceed them considerably ; heads made up of whorls of 10-15 highly modified

bract-like branchlets, forming a persistent involucre, and of a short conical central

axis ; involucral branchlets dorsally flattened, with a few more or less reduced

leaves on the back (representing an outer involucre) and with the margins pectinate

upwards, the marginal segments being formed by subulate persistent bracts

bearing modified subulate axes (arrested flowers) in their axils, whilst the inner

faces of the branchlets are either smooth and naked or some distance above the

base bear a solitary ¢ flower ; involucre at length woody and sometimes spreading

out star-like when dry ; central axis short, bearing the bracteate flowers at the

base and upwards to a varying height, sometimes ending ina tuft of barren bracts ;

flowers yellow or whitish-yellow.

Distris, Three species in the South-west corner of Cape Colony.

Female flowers confined to the central axis of the head ;

nut with the lateral ribs more prominent than the

others and long bearded, the ventral and the dorsal

shortly hairy; the faces between the angles with

oblique or transverse raised veins:

Leaves linear-oblanceolate to oblanceolate-cuneate, very

OI ee ee coat a fb? OE CD) casero

Leaves long needle-shaped week (ree oa ... (2) pinifolia,

Female flowers on the central axis and on the involucral

branches ; nut more rounded in cross section, long

villous all over, with secondary ribs between the flat

broad primary ones wie ee ee 7

(3) pallasia.

1. A. cneorifolia (Knight, Prot. 15); shrub, 2 to 6 ft. high;

leaves linear-oblanceolate to oblanceolate-cuneate, obtuse to very

obtuse with a minute callous apiculus, flat, 14-3 in. long, 14-5 lin.

broad, venation raised, distinct in the wider leaves ; male racemes

1-2 in. long, rather stiff; bracts 14-2 lin. long, equalling or

exceeding the pedicels ; perianth whitish or pale yellow, 3-3} lin.

long including the 2-2} lin.-long limb ; anthers about | lin. long,

usually at length recurved; style 2}-3 lin. long, very slender ;

female heads 3-1 in. high and 1-1} in. across; involucral branches

not bearing flowers, more or less fused below into a shallow

receptacle, quite glabrous, at length hard and woody; dorsal leaves

linear-lanceolate and acute to spathulate and obtuse, 6-12 lin. long ;

central axis stout, ending in a sharp point, 4-6 lin. long ; bracts

linear-lanceolate, 2-1 lin. long; perianth 4 lin. long including the

Aulazx.| PROTEACES (Stapf). 507

slightly more than 1 lin.-long spreading segments ; nuts quadrangular,

obovoid, dorsally more convex than ventrally, about 24 lin. long,

angles prominent, lateral fringed all round with a fulvous silky

spreading beard up to 2 lin. long, dorsal and ventral angles and

the faces between them shortly tomentose, faces obliquely and

prominently veined. A. umbellata, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x.

50; Lindley in Bot. Reg. t. 1015 (6); Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv.

212. Protea aulacea, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 31, t. 2 (¢); Prodr. 26 ;

Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 131; Lam. Ill. i, 237 ; Willd. Spec. Pl. i. 520;

Poir. Encycl. v. 651. P. umbellata, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 32 ; Prodr.

26; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 131; Linn. f. Suppl. 118; Lam. Ill. i. 237 ;

Willd. Spec. Pl. i. 520 ; Andr. Bot. Repos. t. 248 (9); Poir. Encyel.

v. 650. Sim, For. Fl. Cape, 293, t. 123, fig. 1. P. eneorifolia,

Salish. Prodr. 49. BP. lanceolata, DC. ex Meisn. l.c.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Thunberg, ! Thom, 95, 6! 784, g! 936, 3!

Coast Reaion : Cape Div. ; Table Mountain, Thunberg, ? ! Caledon Div. ; near

Palmiet River and Houw Hoek, Drége ; Houw Hoek Mountains, Zeyher, 3633,

3, 9! Pappe, 8, ° ! MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm, Austr.-Afr. 772, 6, 2!

Schlechter, 7450, g! 7449, 9! Hermanus, Galpin, 4437, ¢ ! Bredasdorp Div. ;

near Elim, Schlechter, 7622, 9! 7623, g! Bolus, 7862, $ ! Riversdale Div. ;

Platte Kloof, Thunberg, 3!

2. A. pinifolia (Berg. Descr. Pl. Cap. 33); a shrub, up to 6 ft.

high ; leaves more or less needle-shaped and semiterete, more rarely

distinctly widened upwards and there up to 1 lin. wide, acute or

subacute, 14-6 in. long, usually much curved ; male racemes }-1 in.

long ; bracts up to 2 lin. long, exceeding or in old racemes equalling

the ultimately lengthened pedicels ; perianth yellow, 3-3} lin. long

including the 2-2} lin.long limb; anthers about 1 lin. long,

usually at length recurved; style 23-3 lin. long, very slender ;

female heads 3-1 in. long and 1-14 in. across when mature ;

involucral branches rot bearing flowers, mére or less fused below

into a shallow receptacle, quite glabrous, at length hard and woody ;

dorsal leaves lanceolate-linear to subulate, acute, 3-14 (or more) in.

long ; central axis ending in a compact tuft of barren (at length

hardened) subulate bracts, including them } in. long; bracts

subulate 3-1 lin. long; perianth 4 lin. long, including the slightly

more than 1 lin.-long spreading or recurved segments ; style 2} lin.

long, long persistent; nut obovoid, dorsally more convex than

ventrally, 24-3 lin. long, ribbed, lateral ribs fringed all round with

a fulvous silky beard up to 2 lin. long, dorsal and ventral ribs and

faces shortly tomentose or the ventral rib with longer hairs, faces

transversely and more or less prominently veined. Knight, Prot.

15; R. Br. in Trans, Linn. Soc. x. 49 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv.

212. Aulax umbellata, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 97

(and 167 partly), not of R. Br. Leucadendron pinifolium, Linn.

Mant. 36. L. cancellatum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 91. Protea pinifolia,

Linn. Mant. alt. 187 ; Thunb. Diss. Prot. 25; Prodr. 26; Fl. Cap.

ed. Schult. 127; Willd. Spec. Pl. i. 515; Lam. Ml. i, 237 ; Andr.

Bot. Repos. t. 76 (9); Poir. Encycl. v. 651. Protea bracteata,

508 PROTEACE& (Stapf). [| Aulax.

Thunb. Diss. Prot. 27, t. 1 (g); Prodr. 26; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 128 ;

Linn. fil. Suppl. 118; Willd. Spec. Pl. i. 517; Lam. Ill. i. 288 ;

Poir. Encyel. v. 652. Lepidocarpendron, etc., Boerh. Ind. Pl. Hort.

Lugd. Bot. ii. 193, t. 193 (2)? Pini foliis planta, etc., Burm. Rar.

Afr. Pl. 193, t. 70, fig. 3(g). Conophorus Capensis pinifolius, Petiv.

Op. i, 3, no. 458, t. 25, fig. 7 (9).

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Zcklon, g! Thunberg, $! Sparmann, 6!

Coast Recion: Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountain, Drége, g, ?! Cape Div. ;

Muizenberg, Ecklon, 122b, 2! Table Mountain, Burchell, 527, 3, 2 |! near Cape Town,

Schmieterlich, 183, &! Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, Zhunberg, ¢!

Caledon Div.; Knoflooks Kraal and Little Houw Hoek, Zeyher, 3634, 6, @!

Nieuwe Kloof, Burchell, 8148, 9 ! lower part of the Lange Bergen, near Garcias

Pass, Burchell, 6951, $, 9! George Div. ; Lange Kloof, Dréye, 9! Knysna Div. ;

between Plettenbergs Bay and Knysna, Burchell, 5352, 3, 9!

Protea bracteata was described from female specimens, and the specimen

named so in Thunberg’s own herbarium at Upsala is no doubt identical with

Berg’s A. pinifolia ; but two specimens in Montini’s and Alstroemer’s Herbarium

in the Stockholm collections, received from Thunberg, and also named P. bracteata,

are A, pallasia.

3. A. pallasia (Stapf); a shrub, up to 4 ft. high; leaves inter-

mediate in shape between those of the two preceding species from

linear-filiform to linear with a long attenuated base, acute to obtuse,

2-5 in. long, 3-2 (rarely 3) lin. wide, rather straight, flat or the

narrowest semiterete and channelled above; male racemes 1-1} in.

long ; bracts up to 2 lin. long, exceeding or the upper equalling the

pedicels ; perianth 3-4 lin. long, including the 2} lin.-long limb ;

anthers over 1 lin. long, usually at length recurved ; style 3 lin.

long, very slender ; female heads 4—} in. long and }~1 in. across ;

involucral branches bearing 1 flower at or above the lower 4,

narrow, not fused at the base into a receptacle at length hard and

woody, usually sparingly and minutely puberulous, particularly

below, often deeply divided, the lateral divisions without flowers

and pectinate-bracteate, pectination throughout .looser than in the

preceding species ; dorsal leaves few, mostly needle-shaped, acute,

incurved, rarely flat, linear to oblanceolate-linear and obtuse,

3-1 in. long, forming with the uppermost leaves a dense outer

involucre, central axis rather slender, including the terminal barren

bracts over } in. long, usually bearing flowers to more than } way ;

bracts subulate, 2-1 lin. long ; perianth 3} lin. long, including the

slightly finely filiform more than 1 Jin.-long spreading or recurved

segments ; style 2} lin. long; nut ellipsoid, shortly contracted at

the base, elliptic in cross-section, with 4 rather broad primary

and 4 slender secondary ribs, more or less fulvous-villous all over,

the hairs on the ribs, and particularly those of the lateral, longer

than the rest. A. umbellata, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Docu-

mente, 85, 97 (and 167 partly) , not of R. Br.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg, 9! Thom, 331, ?! 469, 6!

Forster, ! Gueinzius, 3!

Coast Reaion: Tulbagh Div. ; Witsen Berg, Burchell, 8695, 9! 8731, q!

Winterhoeks Berg, Bolus, 5226, 9! Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drege, ?!

Aula.) PROTEACE (Stapf). 509

hills near Worcester, Rehmann, 2510, 9! Paarl Div. ; Paarl Mountain, Dréve, ?!

Ecklon & Zeyher, 8, 9! Stellenbosch Div. ; Lowrys Pass, Drége, $! Burchell,

8239, o, 9! Schlechter, 7254, 6, 9! Caledon Div. ; Houw Hoek Mountains,

Burchell, 8020, 9! Knoflooks Kraal and Little Houw Hoek, Zeyher, 3634, 3, 9!

Bavians Kloof, near Genadendaal, Burchell, 7784, 6, 9! Bot River, Burchell,

930, 9! Swellendam Div. ; Mountain peak near Swellendam, Burchell, 7319, ¢!

Riversdale Div. ; Platte Kloof(?) Zhunberg, 6.

Male specimens of Aulax are only distinguishable by their foliage, and as the

leaves of A. pallasia approach sometimes to one or the other of the two

remaining species the determination of some of the males referred here to

A, pallasia is perhaps open to doubt. ‘hese doubtful males are nearly all

specimens without definite localisation. Burchell 8239 and 930 approach more

than any others to A. encorifolia so far as the leaves (including those of the

involucres) are concerned, but the structure of the involucral branches is clearly

that of A. pallasia. One or the other of the lower marginal bracts of the

involucral branches of A. pallasia may have a more or less perfect male flower in

its axil. ;

III. LEUCADENDRON, R. Br.

Flowers dicecious, regular. Male flower: Perianth linear, straight

or slightly incurved, with a somewhat thickened limb ; segments at

length separated to the middle or nearly to the base, differentiated

into limb and claw, spreading and recurved ; limb linear, oblong or

elliptic. Anthers sessile at the base of the limb, oblong or linear ;

connective sometimes shortly produced beyond the cells. Hypogynous

scales 4, free, linear or filiform, or absent. Pistil rudimentary,

consisting of a short slender style and a clavate entire or slightly

bifid stigma. Female fower: Perianth more or less as in the

male, but usually more deeply divided and the segments not so

differentiated into limb and claw. Staminodes usually linear.

Ovary ovoid, trigonous or compressed ; style usually slender and

gradually widened towards the apex, usually persistent ; stigma

terminal, oblique or lateral, entire or bifid, rarely 2-lobed. Ovule

solitary, attached laterally or ascending from near the base. Fruit

ovoid, transversely ellipsoid, trigonous or flattened and winged,

sometimes emarginate.

“Trees, shrubs, or decumbent under-shrubs ; leaves acicular, linear, lanceolate to

obovate, entire, hardened at the apex into a blunt (rarely acute) callus, coriaceous,

glabrous, pilose or clothed with adpressed silky silvery indumentum ; male

flowers usually numerous, arranged in conical, globular or cylindric heads, each

flower subtended by a bract ;~heads terminal, sessile or rarely pedunculate, some-

times surrounded by an involucre of imbricate bracts within the upper leaves ;

female flowers solitary, subtended by woody bracts aggregated in cone-like

heads ; bracts erect or spreading, free or rarely partially united, usually truncate,

younded or retuse at the apex, rarely subacute.

Distris, Species about 62, endemic, many very imperfectly known, and

described from specimens representing one sex only; the following key must

therefore be regarded as provisional and artificial.

*Leaves pubescent or tomentose with adpressed silky,

silvery indumentum : ey

Lower leaves 24 in. long or more, distinctly nerved ;

male heads large, 14-24 in. indiam. —.... ... (1) argenteum.

510 PROTEACE# (Phillips & Hutchinson).

Lower leaves less than 24 in. long, rarely with distinct

nervation ; male heads nuch smaller, usually less

than 1 in, in diam. : ;

Leaves elliptic or ovate-elliptic, $-1 in. broad,

strongly nerved ... és, = Rvs ai

Leaves oblanceolate, linear-oblanceolate or linear,

4 in. broad or less, without distinct nervation :

Leaves acute or acutely mucronate, the inner of

those surrounding the male heads more or

less broadened at the base and sub-bracteate,

but without a definite involucre of bracts

closely adpressed to the flowers within :

Leaves acute or with a short apiculus, those

surrounding the male inflorescence not

exceeding it by more than twice; male

perianth-tube hairy ... ane “Xs

Leaves with a long apiculus, those surrounding

the male inflorescence exceeding it by

more than twice; male perianth - tube

glabrous Pe ene Be vee ne

Leaves obtuse or subobtuse, sometimes with a

blunt callose apiculus, those surrounding the

male heads narrowed to the base, often with

a definite involucre of closely imbricate bracts

within :

Male perianth-limb glabrous ; male heads ovoid,

oblong-cylindric or obconic, usually with

a distinct involucre of several series of

bracts :

Male heads oblong-cylindrie or obconic ;

female bracts ovate-lanceolate, the inner

long villous ss or een

Male heads ovoid ; female bracts broader than

long, truncate or emarginate, glabrous ...

Male perianth-limb hairy ; male heads (where

known) depressed-globose or subglobose,

with a more or less indistinet involucre of

few series of bracts (conspicuous in 9,

schinzianum) :

Lower leaves narrowly linear or subacicular,

not widened in the upper part ...

Lower leaves oblanceolate or linear-oblan-

ceolate, widened in the upper part :

Female heads large, 2-24 in.indiam. ...

Female heads (where known) less than

14 in. in diam. :

Leaves more or less densely tomentose ;

female heads depressed-globose or

subobconic ; female bracts as long as

or longer than broad, the outer ones

usually pointed:

Leaves surrounding the inflorescence

usually much larger than those

below ; outer involucral bracts of

the female heads numerous and

acuminate, inner obovate and

subacute :

[ Leucadendron.

(2) nervosum.

(8) uliginosum.

(4) salignum.

(5) plumosum.

(42) minus.

(6) aurantiacum.

(7) proteoides.

Leuwcadendron.| PROTEACE& (Phillips & Hutchinson). 511

Bracts of the male inflorescence

shortly pubescent or tomen-

tellous, those of the female

densely villous-tomentose ; male

and female heads dissimilar ...

Bracts of the male and female lax

villous with long weak hairs ;

male and female heads very

similar ... see eae se

Leaves surrounding the inflorescence

about the same length as those

below ; outer involucral bracts of

the female few, scarcely acumi-

nate, inner broadly ovate::

Indumentum of the male perianth

fulvous; fruits narrowly ob-

ovoid, ivory white and smooth

Indumentum of the male perianth

whitish or dull; fruits trans-

versely oblong-ellipsoid, rugose,

dull and nearly black when dry

Leaves more or less adpressed-pilose or

pubescent, rarely somewhat tomen-

tose; female heads more or less

oblong-cylindric or ellipsoid (not

known in 14, sericeum) ; bracts much

broader than long :

Leaves 3-2 in. long, 14-5 lin. broad:

Leaves oblanceolate, 24-44 lin. broad,

those surrounding the female

inflorescence about 1} in. long

and 4-5 lin. broad; male

perianth-limb thinly _ pilose,

becoming glabrous... en

Leaves narrowly - oblanceolate or

linear - oblanceolate, 14-2 lin.

broad, those surrounding the

female inflorescence about 1 in.

long and 1-2 lin. broad;

male perianth-limb permanently

villous... ibe We ay

Leaves very small, 24-3 lin. long,

**L eaves glabrous or rarely thinly pilose with weak spread-

ing hairs or hairy margins (sometimes subtomentose

in 54, daphnoides) :

Male heads pedunculate :

Male flowers and female bracts (where known)

hairy :

Male heads many-flowered, solitary or subsolitary

at the ends of the shoots See =

tee

Male heads about 6-flowered, crowded at the ends

of the shoots ... fb fs ae a

Male flowers and female bracts glabrous...

(8) Schlechteri.

(9) schinzianum,

(10) nitidum.

(11) elatum.

(12) sericocephalum.

(13) cinereum,

(14) sericeum,

(15) tortum.

(16) ericifolium.

(17) abietinum.

512 PROTEACEE (Phillips & Hutchinson).

Male heads (where known) sessile :

+Leaves 32 in. long or less:

{Leaves linear-acicular or acicular, not widened

upwards, about 4 lin, broad or less, rarely

# lin. broad :

Male heads oblong-cylindric or ellipsoid ; male

perianth glabrous; female bracts retuse,

glabrous ; leaves of the female thinly pilose

or if glabrous then reflexed :

Male heads exserted or only slightly clasped

by the upper leaves ; leaves of the female

at length strongly reflexed ; female head

with 15-20 series of bracts ; fruits emar-

ginate vas nse

Male heads more or let clasped asi ‘hidden

by the upper leaves ; leaves of the female

not reflexed ; female head with about 10

series of bracts; fruits mucronate

Male heads subglobose or depressed-globose ;

male perianth (where known) hairy ; leaves

of the female glabrous or rarely pilose when

young, not reflexed :

Female bracts ligulate; male a Oe

glabrous or nearly so...

Female bracts not ligulate ; male ticles,

(where known) very hai

Female bracts villous - tomentose outside ;

leaves flat or nearly so:

Male heads with numerous very hairy

involucral bracts; fruiting head

about lin. long... ca “a

Male heads with few inconspicuous in-

volucral bracts ; ening head about

Zin. long... ses

Female bracts glabrous escent at the cilta ate

margin ; leaves terete . S :

{Leaves lanceolate, oblanceolate, gene or

elliptic, mostly widened above, more than

1 lin. broad.

Flower-heads surrounded by numerous spread-

ing, densely adpressed-tomentose leaves ...

Flower-heads surrcunded by few erect glabres-

cent (rarely spreadingly pilose) leaves or by

erect colcured glabrous or hairy bracts :

Male heads with numerous highly coloured

glabrescent rounded bracts ; young leaves

adpressed-pubescent ... “is ne

Male heads with very hairy, often scarcely

coloured, acute or acuminate bracts or

hardly bractedte ; young leaves glabrous .

or oe loosely pilose :

Leaves lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptic, not

widened above, often closely imbricate

Leaves obovate, oblanceolate or spathuiste :

Leaves about 2-3 lin. broad, obovate,

oblanceolate or narrowly oblong-

oblanceolate :

| Leucadendron.

(17) abietinum.

(18) seabram.

(19) corymbosum.

(27) truncatum.

(20) fusciflora.

(21) sorocephalodes.

(22) radiatum.

(23) dubium.

(24) imbricatum.

Lewadendron.| PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). 513

Male heads with a very distinct in-

volucre of bracts, the outer ones

acuminate; leaves oblanceolate,

subacute, about 3 in. long, pube-

scent at the base . . (25) pubescens.

Male heads with few Bas, within the

upper leaves ; leaves narrowly ob-

lanceolate, Ps in. long or more,

often pilose, especially when young (43) lanigerum.

Male heads with few indistinct bracts ;

leaves obovate, rounded at the

apex, 4-7 lin. long, quite glabrous (26) coriaceum.

Leaves less than 1} lin. broad, spathulate

or spathulate-linear :

Leaves held Th in. mien ; female heads 1 in.

.. (27) truncatum.

Leaves 3-5 lin. ‘ong female bilétln asi

than ? in. in diam. ,., dee ».. (28) levisanum.

ttLeaves over ? in. long, usually more than 1 in. :

Leaves of two kinds on the same shoot, the lower

acicular, the upper narrowly oblanceolate or

all acicular :

Female inflorescence oblong-cylindric ; branches

- and perianth-limb glabrous; fruits com-

pressed, winged :

Male and female inflorescences with an in-

volucre of imbricate, densely villous or

ciliate bracts ; fruits transversely oe

elliptic... en “oe eo . (29) platyspermum,

Male and female inflorescences naked or

nearly so at the base ; fruits broadly and

longitudinally elliptic, emarginate ... (30) emulum,

Female inflorescence ovoid-globose ; branches

hairy ; perianth densely villows 5 fruits not

compressed or winged oes -. (31) Dregei.

Leaves of one kind on the same mae flat, never

acicular :

Leaves linear, not or scarcely broadened in the

upper part, glabrous or hairy, 24 lin. broad

or less :

Male perianth very hairy:

Leaves obtuse ; outer male bracts tomen-

tose, not siaeaiin shorter than the

flowers. ... “ve bee -» (32) Galpinii.

Leaves acute ; dikes aor bracts deus

or slightly pubescent, broad at the

base, coloured, as long as or oneead

than the flowers . (33) ramosissimum.

Male perianth or at least the lirab quite

glabrous

Leaves produced at the apex into long acute

subulate points :

Inner bracteate leaves glabrous ; female

bracts glabrous se on the ciliate

margins ies .. (84) strictum.

Inner bracteate leaves eens: ats

bracts villous-tomentose outside ... (4) salignum.

VOL. V.—SECT. I,

514 PROTEACES (Phillips & Hutchinson). | Leucadendron.

Leaves obtuse or subacute, not produced

into long points:

Leaves with villous margins; female

bracts glabrous os ... (42) minus.

Leaves with glabrous margins ; female

bracts hairy all over or only at the

base :

Leaves surrounding the male inflor-

escence very broad, pubescent and

coloured at the base ; lower leaves

2-24 in. long; branches pilose

with rather long weak hairs _ ... (35) eucalyptifolium.

Leaves surrounding male inflorescence

glabrous and not or scarcely

broadened at base; lower leaves

1-1} in. long; branches glabrous

or rarely slightly adpressed-

pubescent :

Male heads without an involucre of

imbricate bracts within upper

leaves, rarely a few of the latter

subbracteate ; female bracts to-

mentose all over or pubescent in

lower half ; ovary winged :

Female bracts whitish -tomentose -

all over se sas ... (36) adseendens.

Female bracts pubescent only in

the lower half, glabrous in the se

upper part... aK ... (87) Phillipsil.

Male heads with a distinct involucre

of bracts ; female bracts glabrous

except on the ciliate margins ; :

ovary not winged vee ... (38) meyerlanum.

Leaves oblanceolate, oblong-lanceo!ate or spathu-

late, glabrous or hairy or with hairy mar-

gins or tips, if less than 3 lin. broad then

distinctly widened in the upper part :

Leaves rather narrow, 2-3 lin. broad (rarely

4lin.), glabrous or pilose, rarely with dis-

tinct nerves :

a glabrous, rarely with a few weak

TS :

Leaves mostly with hairy tips, usually

glaucous; male inflorescence ellipsoid

or ellipsoid-globose ; female inflores-

cence nearly completely hidden by

the broadened coloured leaves ; bracts :

velvety-tomentose ... ».. +++ (39) conc-1 num.

Leaves with glabrous tips, not glaucous 5

male inflorescence depressed-globose ;

female inflorescence surrounded by

leaves with more or less narrow

bases; bracts glabrous or slightly

pubescent :

Leaves less than 1} in. long; female

head broadly ovoid o ... (40) decurrens.

Leaves 2-24 in. long; female head

ey lindihe sonra eater alae RED) glatrum.

Leucadendron.| PROTEACE& (Phillips & Hutchinson). 515

Branches villous or shortly pubescent :

_ Leaves with densely pubescent margins ;

male heads with a distinct involucre

of bracts ; female bracts glabrous... (42) minus,

Leaves thinly pilose or nearly glabrous,

but not densely hairy on the margin ;

male heads with an indistinct in-

volucre of bracts; female bracts

tomentose... A .. (43) lanigerum.

Leaves broader than in the preceding, 4~7 lin.

broad, glabrous or rarely subtomentose,

mostly with distinct ascending nerves :

Branches glabrous or very rarely minutely

puberulous :

Leaves 14-1 in. broad ... Ps --» (44) crassifolium.

Leaves 4- in. (rarely 1 in.) broad:

Leaves spathulate and much attenu-

ated to a narrow base or obovate-

oblanceolate, those surrounding

the female inflorescence narrow at

the base and not hiding it ; female

bracts densely rusty-villous :

Leaves spathulate, faleate, without

distinct nerves ... “ ... (45) spathulatum.

Leaves obovate-oblanceolate, shortly

narrowed to the base, 3-nerved,

not falcate seh ae, ..» (46) pseudo-

spathulatum.

Leaves more or less oblanceolate, only

slightly attenuated to a fairly

broad base ; female heads mostly

nearly hidden by the broadened

surrounding leaves ; female bracts

shortly velvety -tomentose or

glabrous :

Branches glabrous ; leaves glaucous,

the lower 1-1# in. long; female

bracts shortly velvety - tomen-

tose all over the outside ..- (39) concinnum, .

Branches glabrous; leaves not

glaucous, 1-14 in. long, 5-7 lin.

broad ; female bracts shortly

velvety-tomentose only in the

upper half, glabrous in the

lower part ae me ... (47) discolor,

Branches minutely puberulous or

nearly glabrous ; leaves 14-3 in.

long ; female bracts glabrous in

the upper part, slightly pubes-

cent below sae See .-. (48) squarrosum,

Branches densely and softly pubescent or

villous with long weak spreading hairs :

Upper leaves retuse oe ree ++» (49) retusum.

Upper leaves not retuse :

Leaves 1-1} in. broad, obovate or

obovate-elliptic .. ee ..» (50) ovale.

») »)

aes Vee

516 PROTEACES (Phillips & Hutchinson). [Zeucadendron.

Leaves 2 in. broad or less:

Male heads less than 1 in. in diam. ;

female head elongated, cylin-

dric; leaves tomentose on the

margin :

Male heads elongated; leaves

oblong-lanceolate ...... (51) decorum.

Male heads globose; leaves ob-

ovate - oblanceolate or ob-

lanceolate .., ie ... (52) concolor.

Male heads 1-2 in. in diam. ; female

heads broadly obovoid or de-

pressed -globose :

Male heads about 1 in. in diam. ;

inner leaves glabrous outside ;

bracts in 2-3 series, glabrous

or nearly so; female bracts

with a very dense villous tuft

of rust-coloured hairs below

the middle, glabrous above ... (53) venosum,

Male heads about 13-2 in.in diam. ;

inner leaves silky-villous out-

side; bracts in about 2 series ;

female bracts long-villous in

the lower half and along the

margin be ... (54) daphnoides.

Male heads 14-2 in. in diam. ;

inner leaves slightly villous or

nearly glabrous; bracts 5-6-

seriate; female bracts ad-

pressed - pilose in the lower :

part ... ee wid ... (55) grandiflorum.

1. L. argenteum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 52); a tree

20-30 ft. high; branchlets stout, terete, about 4 in. in diam.,

densely pubescent with closely adpressed hairs and often long pilose ;

leaves sessile, 24-5} in. long, }-1} in. broad, gradually increasing

in length towards the inflorescence, lanceolate or elongate-lanceolate,

slightly narrowed to a broad insertion at the base, narrowed to a

subacute hardened glabrous apex, entire, rather thinly coriaceous,

densely pubescent on both surfaces with adpressed silvery silky hairs ;

male inflorescence terminal, solitary, more or less globose, 13-2

in. in diam. ; floral bracts 3} lin. long, oblong, obtuse, coriaceous,

ciliate, villous; perianth-tube 3 lin. long, cylindric, glabrous ;

segments 3 lin. long; limb 1} lin. long, oblong-linear, shortly and

bluntly acuminate, shortly villous outside ; anthers } lin. long, linear ;

style 51 lin. long, pubescent in the lower half; stigma 1 lin, loag;

clavate-obtuse, furrowed; hypogynous scales 1-24 lin. long, linear-

filiform ; female inflorescence similar to the male in position and

shape ; bracts very broadly ovate or semiorbicular, rigidly corlaceous,

velvety-tomentellous outside, glabrous and slightly shining within ;

perianth-tube inflated, constricted at the mouth, membranous,

glabrous ; segments 8 lin. long, villous with long simple hairs ; lim

1 lin. long, oblong, villous with short hairs ; staminodes § lin. long,

Leucadendron.| PROTEACE& (Phillips & Hutchinson). 517

linear, minutely glandular at the apex ; style 64 lin. long, filiform,

glabrous ; stigma 1 lin. long, clavate, bifid at the apex ; fruit 5 lin.

long, 43 lin. broad, oblong-obovoid, sparingly pubescent in the lower

part. Bot. Reg. t. 979; Meisn. in DO. Prodr. xiv. 213. Protea

argentea, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 94; Thunb. Diss. Prot. 55; Linn. Syst.

Veg. ed. xiv. 141; Geertn. Fruct. i. 239, t. 51; Lam. Ill. i. 237, t. 53,

Jig. 1; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 529; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 136.

Leucadendros africana, arbor tota argentea, ete., Pluk. Phytogr. t. 200,

Jig. 1, and Almag. 212. Argyrodendros africana foliis sericis et

argenteis, Comm. Hort. ii. 51, t.26. Conocarpodendros foliis argenteis,

etc., Boerh. Ind. Pl. Hort. Lugd. Bat. ii. 195, t. 195. Scolymocephalos

africanus folio crasso, etc., Weinm, Phyt. iv. 293, t. 900.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Sieber, 5! Bergius! Thunberg !

Coast Recion: Cape Div. ; Table Mountain, Ecklon, 45! Pappe! Devils Peak,

Burchell, 8475! Rondebosch, Dréye! Lions Head, MacOwan, 2926! & in Herb.

Norm, Austr,-Afr. 905! Phillips !

2. L. nervosum (Phillips & Hutchinson); a shrub about 6 ft.

high ; branchlets longitudinally sulcate, pilose with long weak

hairs ; leaves 1-2 in. long, }-1 in. broad, elliptic or ovate-elliptic,

mucronate, rigidly coriaceous, very shaggy-pubescent when young,

becoming closely adpressed-pubescent when older with a cartila-

ginous margin, prominently nerved on both surfaces; male

inflorescence solitary, terminal, about } in. long and } in. in diam.,

oblong-ellipsoid, the surrounding leaves long-villous in the lower

part ; floral bracts } lin. long, oblong, obtuse, somewhat concave,

pilose ; perianth-tube } lin. long, glabrous ; segments 3} lin. long,

spathulate-linear; limb ? lin. long, oblanceolate, incurved above,

adpressed-pubescent outside; anthers } lin. long, linear; style

23-3 lin. long, terete, pilose at the base ; stigma $ lin. long, clavate,

subacute ; hypogynous scales } lin. long, linear ; female flowers not

known.

Coast Raton: Caledon Div.; mountains near Genadendal, Burchell, 7862!

3. L. uliginosum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 63); a straight

erect shrub 6-7 ft. high; branchlets adpressed silky-pubescent ;

leaves 4-1} in. long, 14-3 lin. broad, oblong-linear or lanceolate-

linear, acute or sharply mucronate, rigidly but rather thinly

coriaceous, densely adpressed silky-pubescent or tomentose; male

inflorescence conic or ellipsoid, }—} in. long, scarcely } in. in diam.,

surrounded by several leaves about } in. long, the latter often

rusty-pubescent ; floral bracts } lin. long, oblong, subacute, pilose ;

perianth-tube } lin. long, somewhat compressed, pilose; segments

1 lin. long, spathulate-linear, pilose; limb } lin. long, elliptic,

subobtuse, pilose ; anthers sessile, } lin. long, oblong; style 14 lin.

long, filiform, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, ellipsoid ; hypogynous

scales $ lin. long, linear; young female head } in. long, oblong-

cylindric ; bracts 1 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, transversely oblong,

tomentose ; perianth-tube 1 lin. long, compressed, pilose ; segments

518 PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). [Zeucadendron.

} lin. long, linear, pilose ; limb } lin. long, oblong, pilose ; staminodes

4 lin. long, linear; style ? lin. long, linear, broadening above,

glabrous ; stigma truncate; ovary } lin. long, compressed, oblong,

pilose ; hypogynous scales 3 lin. long, linear ; mature head ellipsoid,

1-1} in. long, scarcely 1 in. in diam. ; bracts tomentose outside ;

fruits compressed, wrinkled, elliptic, glabrous, about 2 lin. long.

Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 223. L. floridum, R. Br. lc. ; Meisn. lc.

L. cuspidatum, Klotzsch ea Meisn. l.c.?. L. salignum, var. lineari-

folium, Meisn, l.c.t. L.? coniferum, Meisn. l.c. 227, partly. Protea

saligna, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 572. P. conifera, Thunb. Diss. Prot.

53 (excl. specimens a, B, y and 8 of Herb.); Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 135 (ewel. spec. «, B, y and 8 of Herb.). P. saligna, Thunb.

Diss. Prot. 39 ; Linn. Syst. Veg. ed. xiv. 140; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 136. P. concinna, ‘Salish. Prodr. 50. Frutex sthiopicus

conifer, etc., Breyn, Cent. 21, t. 9.

Sours Arrica: without locality, Krauss, 1043, 1045, Thom, 181! Sieber, 7!

Zeyher! Ecklon! Mund! Bergius! Labillardiére! Grey! Thunberg! Brown !

Coast Reaton: Cape Div. ; Claremont Flats, Diimmer, 503 ! Kenilworth Race-

course, Diimmer, 1776! Cape Flats near Rondebosch, Burchell, 210! between

Hout Bay and Wynberg, Drége! near Wynberg, Oldenburgh ! Roxburgh! Wallich !

Brown! Bolus, 3846! 3847! Stellenbosch Div.; between Stellenbosch and Cape

Flats, Burchell, 8365! Riversdale Div. ; near Milkwoodfontein, Galpin, 4443!

4444! Mossel Bay Div. ; Robinson Pass, Bolus, 12263! 2447! Oudtshoorn Div. ;

near the Oliphants River, Gill! George Div. ; near the Touw River, Burchell,

5740! 5752! on mountains, Bowie! Post Berg, near George, Bowie!

4. L. salignum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 62); branches

terete, glabrous ; branchlets stiff, shortly pubescent ; leaves subequal —

in the sexes, those surrounding the inflorescences longer than those

on the remainder of the shoot, 14-2} in. long, 14-3} lin. broad,

oblong-linear or lanceolate-linear, produced into a long subulate

acute apex, thinly but rigidly coriaceous, silky-pubescent with long

closely adpressed hairs on both surfaces, at length becoming glabrous

and longitudinally wrinkled or striate ; male inflorescences solitary

and terminal, surrounded by several coloured leaves, } in. long,

about 5 lin. in diam., ellipsoid ; bracts 1 lin. long, obovate, obtuse,

densely villous; perianth-tube ? lin. long, glabrous; segments

1} lin. long, spathulate-linear, glabrous ; limb 3 lin. long, oblong- —

elliptic, obtuse, glabrous ; anthers 2 lin. long, oblong; style 1} lin.

long, cylindric, thickened at the base; stigma } lin. long, clavate,

obtuse ; hypogynous scales # lin. long, filiform ; female inflorescence

surrounded by several leaves, 3 in. long, } in. in diam., ellipsoid ;

bracts 1} lin. long, 44 lin. broad, transversely linear-oblong,

rounded above, tomentose ; perianth-segments 2 lin. long, cohering;

glabrous ; limb } lin. long, suborbicular, glabrous ; style 1 lin. long,

linear, widened above, doubly bent just above the base, obliquely

inserted ; stigma obovate, oblique; hypogynous scales } lin. long,

filiform ; ovary ? lin, long, winged, the wings produced into two

arms above, glabrous ; fruits compressed, narrowly winged, about

2 lin. long, elliptic, black, glabrous. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 228

(ewel. syn. P. sericea, Thunb., et spec. Zeyher, 3646). Protea argentea

Leucadendron.| PROTEACE& (Phillips & Hutchinson). 519

B, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 94 (excl. syn. Breyn. et Tournef.). P. conifera

a, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 138 (ewel. syn.). P. saligna, Linn. Mant.

alt. 194, $ (exel. syn. Berg. et Breyn.); Lam. Ill. i, 236; Poir.

Encyel. v. 648, 9. PP. diversifolia, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. 139.

Conocarpodendron folio tenui angusto, etc., Boerh. Ind. Pl. Hort. Lugd.

Bat. ii. 204.

Sours Arrica: without locality, Forster! Bergius! Mund! Ecklon!

Coast Rearon: Cape Div.; Devils Mountain, Burchell, 8485! MacOwan, Herb.

Norm. Austr.-Afr. 787! Table Mountain, Burchell, 531! 532! Milne, 30!

MacGillivray, 638! Ecklon, 468! Slopes of Millers Point, Wolley-Dod, 2924!

Smitwinkel Bay, Wolley-Dod, 2684! Cape Flats near Wynberg, MacOwan, Herb.

Norm, Austr.-Afr. 786! Simons Bay, Wright! near Cape Town, Pappe!

Stellenbosch Div.; mountains of Lowrys Pass, Burchell, 8192! Caledon Div. ;

mountains of Klein River Kloof, Zeyher, 3647! near Palmiet River, Bolus, 4202!

Zwart Berg, Ludwig! Humansdorp Div. ; Witte Els Bosch, Zitzikamma, Galpin,

4446! Uitenhage Div. ; Van Stadens Drift, Drége, 102!

5. L. plumosum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 53); an erect

bush 5-7 ft. high; branches pubescent, rarely glabrous ; leaves

4-2} in. long, 1-3 lin. broad, linear or lanceolate-linear, acute to

obtuse at the apex, narrowed to the base, adpressed-pubescent ;

male inflorescences 6 lin. long, terminal or axillary, clustered at

the end of the branches; bracts 3 lin. long, spathulate-linear,

glabrous below, villous and bearded above ; perianth-tube 34 lin.

long, cylindric, slightly widening above, pubescent ; lobes 24 lin.

long, spathulate-linear, glabrous ; limb 1} lin. long, linear, sub-

acuminate, acute ; anthers 1} lin. long, linear, with a minute linear

gland at the apex; style 4 lin. long, filiform ; stigma } lin. long,

narrow-cylindric ; female inflorescence sessile, 1-1} in. long, terminal,

usually solitary, rarely 3-nate; involucral bracts ovate or ovate-

oblong, obtuse or subobtuse, pubescent or glabrous when young,

becoming tomentose outside with age, ciliate ; perianth-tube 1? lin.

long, villous with very long hairs ; segments 10 lin. long, linear,

channelled within, pilose with very long hairs outside ; limb 1} lin.

long, linear, subobtuse or subacute, glabrous ; staminodes # lin. long,

linear, with a minute linear gland at the apex; style 1 in. long,

cylindric, furrowed above, becoming filiform below, glabrous ;

stigma lateral, 2 lin. long, linear, curved ; hypogynous scales } lin.

long, linear ; ovary } lin. long, elliptic, covered with long hairs.

Meisn. in DO. Prodr. xiv. 213; Spreng. Syst. i. 456. Protea

parviflora, Linn. Mant. alt. 195; Thunb. Diss. Prot. 35, t. 4; Linn.

Syst. Veg. ed. xiv. 140; Lam. Ill. i. 235; Thunb. Prodr. 27; Willd.

Sp. P1.i. 524 ; Poir. Encycl. v. 643 ; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 133.

P. obliqua, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 35; Linn. f. Suppl. 117 ; Thunb.

Prodr. 27; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 133. P. arcuata, Lam.

Ill. i. 234, excl. var. 8. P. plumosa, Ait. Hort. Kew. om 3,1. 121.

Gissonia collina, Knight, Prot. 33.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Labillardiére ! Thom, 265! Thunberg! Ludwig |

Gueinzius |

Coast Reaton: Clanwilliam Div. ; Packhuis Berg, Schlechter, 8622! 8623!

Piquetberg Div. ; Piquetberg Range, Schlechter, 5203! Tulbagh Div. ; Mitchells

520 PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). [Zeucadendron.

Pass, Bolus, 3167 ! New Kloof, Burchell, 1021! near Tulbagh Waterfall, Phillips,

528! Witsenberg Range near Tulbagh, Burchell, 8703! Schlechter, 1392!

Worcester Div. ; near Worcester, Cooper, 1609! Hex River Kloof, Drége! Paarl

Div. ; near Paarl, Wilms, 3571! 3578! Pappe! Lréyge! Cape Div. ; near Wyn-

berg, Bolus, 3845! Hottento!s Kloof, Pearson, 4933! Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots

Holland, Zeyher, 1453 ! Caledon Div. ; Baviaans Kloof near Genadendal, Burchell,

7810! Mossel Bay Div. ; Attaquas Kloof, Gil!

6. L. aurantiacum (Buek in Drage, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 117,

198, partly, as to spec. b); a shrub 2-3 ft. high, with the appear-

ance of a small tree ; branches rather thick, marked by the scars of

fallen leaves, slightly pubescent or glabrous; young branchlets

rather slender, silky-villous ; leaves 1-2} in. long, }-1#? lin. broad,

the lower ones linear, subterete, those surrounding the inflorescence

flat and a little wider towards the top, contracted into a hardened

glabrous mucro at the apex, villous with adpressed silky hairs ;

male inflorescences solitary, terminating short branchlets, surrounded

and overtopped by the uppermost leaves, depressed-globose, scarcely

more than 4 in. in diam. ; bracts lanceolate, acute, up to 2 lin. long,

densely villous outside ; perianth-tube } lin. long, thinly pilose ; seg-

ments 14 lin. long, villous ; limb $ lin. long, elliptic-oblong, obtuse,

densely villous outside ; anthers 4 lin. long, linear ; style 17 lin.

long, filiform, pilose at the base ; stigma } lin. long, spindle-shaped,

subobtuse ; female inflorescences 1}—-1} in. long, 1}—2 in. in diam.,

broadly-ovoid or ovoid-globose ; bracts about } in. long and broad,

ovate-triangular to narrowly lanceolate, rather abruptly acuminate

to a glabrous apex, becoming obtuse in fruit, rigidly coriaceous,

glabrous, shining and striate within, densely villous outside ;

perianth-tube 3-4 lin. long, inflated, membranous, glabrous ;

segments linear-filiform, 53 lin. long, long-villous ; limb # lin. long,

linear, subobtuse, long-villous; staminodes 4 lin. long, linear ;

style 5} lin. long, glabrous ; stigma minutely bifid; fruit 3 lin.

long, 1} lin. in diam., oblong-obovoid, subacute at the base, white

villous with weak ascending hairs. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 217.

L. protecides, E. Meyer in Pl. Drege, as to spec. b, ex Meisn. hs

L. cinereum, Meisn. l.c. 216, partly, as to syn. Protea alba, Thunb.

Diss. Prot. 31 ; Linn. Syst. Veg. ed. xiv. 139; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. -

Schult. 130 ; Lam. Ill. i. 236; Poir. Eneycl. v. 647. P. cinerea, Ait.

Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 127, not of Willd.

SoutH AFrrica : without locality, Thunberg! Sparrman !

Coast Recion: Swellendam Div. ; summit of a mountain peak near Swellendam,

Burchell, 7335! George Div. ; on the Cradock Berg, near George, Burchell, 5892!

Uniondale Div. ; between Avontuur and Klip Kiver, in Lange Kloof, Drege !

CenTRaL Recion: Prince Albert Div. ; Zwartberg Pass, Bolus, 11625 !

7. L. proteoides (E. Meyer MSS.); branchlets stout, slightly

wrinkled, about 4 lin. in diam., glabrous ; leaves crowded, 14-23

in. long, 14-4} lin. broad, linear-oblanceolate or spathulate-oblan-

ceolate, rounded or obtuse at the apex, thick and coriaceous,

pubescent on both surfaces with small adpressed silky hairs ;

Leucadendron.| PROTEACE# (Phillips & Hutchinson). 521

male inflorescence not known; female inflorescence terminal or

terminating a lateral branch, solitary, globose, 2-24 in. in diam. ;

bracts oblong or lanceolate-oblong, obtusely pointed, densely

adpressed silky-pubescent outside, glabrous within ; perianth-tube

4 lin. long, swollen in the middle, narrowing to both ends, mem-

branous, glabrous; segments 4 lin. long, linear, villous outside

with very long hairs; limb 1 lin. long, linear, subacute, villous ;

staminodes % lin. long, linear ; style 5 lin. long, filiform, glabrous ;

stigma } lin. long, truncate, minutely bifid; fruit 2} lin. long,

narrowly ellipsoid-obovoid, villous. L. awrantiacum, Buek in Drege,

Zwei Pf. Documente 64, 198, partly, as to spec. 2 a.

CentTRAL Recon : Prince Albert Div. ; Great Zwartberg Range, near Vrolykheid,

Drége, 9, a!

8. L. Schlechteri (Phillips & Hutchinson); branches terete,

densely adpressed-pubescent ; young branchlets adpressed-tomentose

with whitish hairs ; leaves linear-oblanceolate or oblanceolate, those

on the shoot below the inflorescence }—} in. long, 14-2 lin. broad,

those surrounding the inflorescence larger, 1}-2 in. long, 2-24 lin.

broad, all contracted at the apex into a hardened glabrous mucro,

rigidly coriaceous, densely tomentose with silky adpressed hairs on

both surfaces; male inflorescences solitary at the apex of each

branchlet, depressed-globose, scarcely } in. in diam. ; bracts 1 lin.

long, lanceolate, acute, villous; perianth-tube 1} lin. long, rather

densely pilose ; segments 1} lin. long, shortly villous ; limb 2 lin. long,

lanceolate-elliptic, subacute, villous outside; anthers } lin. long,

linear ; style filiform ; stigma } lin. long, clavate, subacute ; female

inflorescence terminal, depressed-globose, }-1} in. in diam, ; bracts

4-5 lin. long, 2-24 lin. broad, obovate, the outer ones abruptly

narrowed into an acute apex, densely villous with silky hairs

outside, glabrous and longitudinally striate within ; perianth-

segments 44 lin. long, linear, villous ; limb 2 lin. long, ovate,

subacute, villous ; staminodes } lin. long, oblong, minutely apiculate ;

hypogynous scales } lin. long, ovate, acuminate ; style 3} lin. long,

obliquely inserted, filiform, glabrous ; stigma 2-lobed ; ovary 14 lin

long, glabrous.

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Cedarberg Range, at Ezelsbank, Schlechter, —

£829! 8830!

9. L. schinzianum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 113); an

erect shrub, branched from the base, 3-4 ft. high; branchlets

slender, straight, subterete, slightly villous or puberulous, at length

glabrescent ; leaves erect, 4-9 lin. long, 1—2 lin. broad, oblanceolate

or spathulate-oblanceolate, narrowed to the base, hardened into a

subacute glabrous mucro at the apex, rigidly coriaceous, shortly

adpressed-pubescent on both surfaces, subglabrous on the margin ;

male and female inflorescences very similar, solitary, terminating

the main branches or short lateral branchlets, subglobose, $—} in.

522 PROTEACE& (Phillips & Hutchinson). [Zeweadendron.

in diam. ; involucral bracts of the male about 4-seriate, ovate to

ovate-lanceolate, acute or shortly acuminate, scaly, up to 3 lin. long

and 2 lin. broad, loosely long villous on the outside ; perianth-tube

cylindric, 34 lin. long, adpressed-villous ; segments about 1} lin.

long, pubescent in the lower half; limb oblong-elliptic, acute,

1 lin. long, shortly villous outside ; anthers subacute, } lin. long ;

style 4 lin. long, glabrous ; stigma subacute, somewhat club-shaped,

2 lin. long; female bracts very similar to the male ; perianth-tube

4—} lin. long, glabrous at the base, adpressed-pubescent above ;

segments 444 lin. long, villous with ascending hairs; limb 3-1

lin. long, narrowly lanceolate, subacute, villous outside ; staminodes

$ lin. long; style 34 lin. long, filiform, glabrous ; stigma clavate,

bifid or bilobed ; ovary ? lin. long, oblong, compressed, winged,

minutely puberulous ; fruits not seen.

CenTRAL Recon: Ceres Div. ; Cold Bokkeveld, Schlechter, 8871! 8872!

10. L. nitidum (Buek in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 74, 198) ;

branches subterete, adpressed-pubescent or glabrous ; young lateral

flowering branchlets very short, silky-pubescent ; leaves 3-7 lin.

long, 1-2 lin. broad, erect, oblanceolate, narrowed to the base,

contracted at the apex into a small glabrous obtuse mucro,

coriaceous, adpressed silky -tomentose on both surfaces ; male

inflorescences solitary at the apex of each short branchlet, about

4 in. in diam., subglobose ; bracts 2-21 lin. long, ovate or ovate-

lanceolate, subacute, finely pubescent, minutely ciliate, the outer

with narrowly membranous margins; perianth-tube 2 lin. long,

narrowly cylindric, widening upwards; segments 1} lin. long,

spathulate-linear, densely pilose; limb 3 lin. long, oblong-elliptic,

subacute; anthers } lin. long, linear; style 2} lin. long, filiform,

slightly widening at the base ; stigma } lin. long, clavate, obtuse ;

female inflorescence solitary and terminal, }—} in. in diam. ; bracts

3 lin. long, about 3-4 lin. broad, suborbicular or transversely oblong,

very shortly and bluntly pointed, villous, ciliate ; perianth-tube

1} lin. long, glabrous below, villous above; segments 3 lin. long,

villous; limb 1 lin. long, lanceolate-linear, subacute, villous ;

staminodes } lin. long, linear; filaments much swollen; style

24 lin. long, narrowed to the base ; stigma truncate ; ovary 2 lin.

long, ellipsoid, acute, pubescent, keeled on one side ; fruit narrowly

obovoid, about 34 lin. long, ivory white, smooth and glossy.

Meisn. in DO. Prodr, xiv. 217. L. cinereum, E. Meyer ex Meisn.

l.c., not of R. Br.

Coast Recron: Clanwilliam Div. ; Sneeuwkop Mountain, near Wupperthal,

Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 9075! Cedarberg Range, at Ezelsbank, Drége, a!

11. L. elatum (Buek in Drage, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 74, 198);

branches terete, glabrous or adpressed-pubescent ; young branchlets

slender, shortly adpressed-pubescent or puberulous ; leaves }—1} in-

long, 14-3} lin. broad, those of the male plant smaller than those

Leucadendron.| PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). 523

of the female, narrowly oblanceolate, attenuate to the base,

contracted at the apex into a small blunt hardened mucro, shortly

adpressed-pubescent on both surfaces, at length becoming nearly

glabrous; male inflorescence terminating short branchlets, sub-

globose, 4—5 lin. in diam. ; bracts 14--2 lin. long, ovate or lanceolate-

oblong, acute, pubescent or pilose, ciliate; perianth-tube 1? lin.

long, widening above, pilose; segments 1} lin. long, pubescent ;

limb # lin. long, oblong, obtuse or subacute, pubescent; anthers

3 lin. long, linear ; style 2 lin. long, cylindric, hairy in the lower

half ; stigma clavate ; hypogynous scales 1 lin. long, filiform-linear ;

young female inflorescences not seen; mature heads about 1 in. in

diam. ; bracts about 5 lin. long and } in. broad, thick and hard,

very broadly ovate, silky-tomentose outside, glabrous, shining and

longitudinally suleate within ; fruits 3} lin. long, 4} lin, broad,

about 24 lin. thick, transversely oblong-ellipsoid, with an obtuse

rib around the edge, dull and almost black, rugose. Meisn. in DC.

Prodr. xiv. 217.

Coast Recron: Clanwilliam Div. ; Cedarberg Range, Ezelsbank, Drége, b!

Schlechter, 8823 | 8824! Bolus, 5797!

12. L. sericocephalum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 114) ;

an erect shrub 2-4 ft. high; branches terete, villous with long

weak hairs; leaves of the male much smaller than those of the

female, the former }-1 in. long, 14-3 lin. broad, the latter 13-2

in. long, 3-5 lin. broad, all oblanceolate, contracted at the apex

into an obtuse mucro, more or less adpressed-pubescent on both

surfaces, those surrounding the female inflorescence silky-villous

towards the base; male inflorescences depressed-globose, about

4 in. in diam., surrounded but not hidden by a few leaves ;

involucral bracts 2 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, pubescent, ciliate ;

floral bracts 1} lin. long, oblanceolate, acute, densely pilose above,

ciliate ; perianth-tube 2 lin. long, pilose ; segments 14 lin. long,

spathulate-linear, pilose; limb 4 lin. long, linear, subobtuse,

glabrous ; anthers } lin. long, linear ; style 2} lin. long, cylindric-

filiform, pilose with long hairs ; stigma } lin. long, clavate-cylindric ;

hypogynous scales 1} lin. long, linear ; female inflorescence nearly

hidden by the surrounding leaves, about 1 in. long, ovoid ; bracts

44 lin. long, 6 lin. broad, ovate, subacute, densely tomentose ;

perianth-segments 6 lin. long, linear, imbricate below, long and

densely villous; limb }4 lin. long, subacute, incurved above,

glabrous ; staminodes } lin. long, linear ; hypogynous scales 1} lin.

long, broadly linear ; style obliquely inserted, 5 lin. long, terete,

widened near the apex, glabrous ; stigma oblique ; ovary | lin. long,

ellipsoid, villous.

Coast ReEGion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Zeekoe Vley, Schlechter, 8486 ! 8487 !

13. L. cinereum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 57); a shrub ;

branchlets rather slender, subterete, adpressed-pubescent, at length

524 PROTEACES (Phillips & Hutchinzon). [Leveadendron.

glabrous ; leaves overlapping, }—1 in. long, 1}—2 lin. broad, oblanceo-

late or linear-oblanceolate, narrowed to the base, contracted at the

apex into a subacute hardened glabrous mucro, rigidly coriaceous,

densely adpressed-pubescent with silky hairs on both surfaces,

glabrescent towards the margin; male inflorescence terminal,

solitary, somewhat depressed-globose, ? in. in diam. ; bracts 1} lin.

long, linear, acute, densely villous; perianth-tube 1) lin. long,

pubescent above, glabrous below; segments 2 lin. long, villous ;

limb } lin. long, oblong-linear, subacute, villous ; anthers 4. lin.

long, linear; style 3 lin. long, cylindric above, linear below ;

stigma } lin. long, clavate; female inflorescences terminal, sur-

rounded by a few upper leaves, ellipsoid-globose, about } in. in

diam. ; bracts 14 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, transversely oblong, villous,

ciliate, very shortly and bluntly pointed ; perianth-segments villous ;

style about 14 lin. long, linear ; stigma oblong, truncate ;— fruit

ovoid-ellipsoid, 24 lin. long, 1} lin. broad, thinly villous. Meisn. in

DC. Prodr. xiv. 216 (excl. syns.). L.? verticillatum, Meisn. Lc. 228.

Protea verticillata, Thunb. Phytogr. Blaett. 12; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 136. Sorocephalus verticillatus, Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. 1.

391; Steud. Nomenel. ed. 2, ii. 401.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Drége, 8046! Thunberg !

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Zwartbosch Kraal, Schlechter, 5161! Paarl

Div. ; between Mosselbanks River and Berg River, Burchell, 977! Cape Div. ;

Koeberg, Pappe! between Koeberg and Drooge Valley, Zeyher, 4954 !

14. L. sericeum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 65) ; branchlets

erect, slender, shortly pubescent ; leaves 24-3 lin, long, $-} lin.

broad, narrowly oblanceolate, obtuse or subacute, coriaceous,

adpressed silky pilose; male heads solitary or congested at the

apices of the shoots, clasped but not overtopped by the upper leaves,

surrounded by a distinct involucre of imbricate bracts, obovoid or

obconic, about 34 lin. long and in diam. ; involucral bracts 3-4-

seriate, ovate, caudate-acuminate, about 1} lin. long, scaly, minutely

puberulous, very shortly ciliate ; floral bracts 3 lin. long, linear-

oblanceolate, acute, shortly pubescent in the upper part on the

outside, glabrous within ; perianth-tube 2 lin. long, cylindric, shortly

villous ; segments spathulate, 1} lin. long, pubescent outside ; limb

2 lin. long, lanceolate-elliptic, acute, pubescent outside ; anthers

linear-oblong, } lin. long; style filiform, glabrous ; stigma small ;

female flowers not known. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 225. Protea

sericea, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 39; Linn. f. Syst. ed. xiv. 140; Suppl.

118; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 136.

SovrH Arica: without locality, Thunberg! and a specimen without collector's

name, from Herb. Forsyth, at Kew !

_ Meisner, l.c. 223, referred Protea sericea, Thunb., doubtfully to L. salignum,

R. Br, ; they are, however, quite distinct species.

15. L. tortum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 56) ; branchlets

rather slender, subterete, thinly pubescent or glabrous ; leaves of

Leucadendron.| PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). 525

the male smaller than those of the female, the former 3-5 lin. long,

narrowly linear-oblanceolate, the latter 4-1 in. long, linear, all

obtuse at the apex, flattened, coriaceous, glabrous; male inflor-

escence terminal, small, shortly pedunculate, about 4 lin. in diam.,

globose ; bracts 1 lin. long, oblong-linear, subacuminate, acute,

villous ; perianth-tube 1 lin. long, villous; segments 1} lin. long,

spathulate-linear, villous ; limb } lin. long, oblong, obtuse, villous ;

anthers } lin. long, linear; style 14 lin. long, filiform, glabrous ;

stigma 4 lin. long, clavate, acute ; female inflorescence broadly ovoid

or subglobose, about 1 in. in diam. ; bracts 4 lin. long and broad,

broadly obovate, white-villous outside ; perianth-segments 3? lin.

long, dilated and keeled below, villous above; limb } lin. long,

oblong, villous; staminodes } lin. long, linear ; ovary } lin. long,

ovoid, covered with long hairs ; style 2 lin. long, cylindric, glabrous ;

stigma flat, oblique; fruit 2} lin. long, obovoid, subacuminate,

villous. Bot. Reg. t. 826; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 216 (eael. syn.,

Protea torta, Thunb., et spec. Zeyher, 3651). L. pedunculatum, Meisn.

Le. L. pruinoswum, Mund fide Meisn. Le.? L. inflecum, Klotzsch

(partly), fide Meisn. l.c. 215. Protea torta, Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. iv.

1, t. 401, not of Thunb.. P. cinerea, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 521, partly.

P. densa, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. Suppl. 7, ace. to Link, Enum.

Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 114. P. hirta and P. passerina, Hort. ex

Meisn. lc.

Soutn AFRICA: without locality, Thom, 520! Gueinzius !

Coast Recion: Bredasdorp Div.; Kars River Valley, Ludwig! Mund, 3!

— Div. ; Bot River, Schlechter, 9452 ! 9453 ! Swellendam Div. ; Swellendam,

‘appe !

16. L. ericifolium (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 66); branches

terete, glabrous or shortly pubescent ; leaves ericoid, 3—5 lin. long,

subterete, subacute, glabrous; male inflorescences small, about

6-flowered, axillary, pedunculate, collected at the ends of the

branchlets ; peduncle bracteate, about } in. long, shortly rusty-

pubescent ; bracts } lin. long, oblong, obtuse, pilose ; perianth-tube

} lin. long, cylindric, shortly villous ; segments 1} lin. long, pilose ;

limb 1} lin. long, linear-lanceolate, subobtuse, pubescent with

glabrescent tips; anthers } lin. long, linear; style 1 lin. long,

cylindric, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, clavate ; female inflorescences

not known. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 225. LL. comosum, g, Buek

in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 116, 198. L. scabrum, Steud. ex

Meisn. L.c., not of R. Br. Protea ericifolia, Poir. Encycl. Suppl.

iv, 557.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Roxburgh ! ’

Coast Recion: Swellendam Div.; between Sparrbosch and Tradouw, Dréze!

17. L. abietinum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x, 64); a shrub

about 3 ft. high, the female plant much resembling a small Abies ;

branches terete, pubescent ; young branchlets hirsute, in the female

plant arising in clusters from below the old persistent female heads ;

526 PROTEACE# (Phillips & Hutchinson), [Zewcadendron.

leaves of the male plant much smaller than those of the female, the

former 3-4 lin. long, the latter ?—1 in. long, all acicular, subacute,

glabrous, the older ones of the female plant becoming reflexed and

arcuate ; male inflorescences much more numerous than the females,

very small, about } in. long, subcylindric or ellipsoid, terminating

crowded branchlets; bracts } lin. long, ovate, subobtuse, ciliate ;

perianth-tube } lin. long, cylindric, glabrous ; segments 1 lin. long,

spathulate-glabrous ; limb ? lin. long, oblong-elliptic, subobtuse ;

anthers } lin. long, oblong ; style ? lin. long, filiform, glabrous ;

stigma } lin. long, cylindric-ellipsoid, furrowed ; hypogynous scales

4 lin. long, filiform ; female inflorescences solitary, terminating the

young branchlets which arise from below the persistent head of the

previous season, small and nearly hidden by the upper leaves;

bracts }-1} lin. long, transversely oblong, very shortly pointed ;

perianth-segments 1} lin. long, linear, pubescent below ; style } lin.

long, linear, narrowed to the base; stigma oblique, flat, elliptic ;

ovary } lin. long, orbicular; hypogynous scales } lin. long, linear ;

old persistent female heads 1-14 in, long, 1 in. in diam., oblong-

cylindric; bracts 15-20-seriate, spreading, transversely oblong, .

widely retuse, woody, glabrous ; fruits compressed, winged, oblong-

obovate, emarginate, 24 lin. long, 2} lin. broad, glabrous. Spreng.

Syst. i. 458; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 225. Protea teretifolia,

Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 461 (see note below). P. (Leucadendron abietinum),

Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 559. P. abietina, Poir. ea Ind. Kew. ii. 631 ;

Chasme teretifolia, Knight, Prot. 16.

Sourn AFrrica: without locality, Mund !

Coast Recion: Caledon Div. ; Klein River Mountains, Zeyher, 3654! near

the mouth of the Bot River, MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 908 ! Riversdale

Div. ; between Great Valsch River and Zoetemelks River, Burchell, 6560 !

A cultivated male specimen in the Kew Herbarium raised from seeds obtained

from Burchell’s no. 6560 differs somewhat from the wild male plant ; the leaves

are longer, falcate and sometimes reflexed and pilose just as in the female.

The plant figured by Andrews (t. 461) shows the male and female flowers on

the same individual. This, however, never occurs in the genus and the figure was

evidently made up from plants representing both sexes.

18. L. scabrum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 65); young

branchlets arising in clusters from below the previous season’s

inflorescence, straight, slender, pubescent or glabrous, almost

hidden by the closely overlapping leaves; leaves erect, 2-4} lin.

long, ericoid, subacute, slightly pubescent when young, at length

quite glabrous ; male inflorescences terminal, 3—4 lin. long, ellipsoid ;

bracts obsolete ; perianth-tube } lin. long ; lobes 1 lin. long, forming

2 lips, the posterior and 2 lateral lobes connate, 3-toothed, mem-

branous, glabrous ; anthers } lin. long, oblong; style 4 lin. long,

filiform ; stigma } lin. long, linear; young female inflorescences

not seen ; old persistent head oblong-globose, about 3 in. in diam. ;

bracts rigidly coriaceous, glabrous ; fruit compressed, very broadly

obovate, mucronate, narrowly winged, 3 lin. long, 34 lin. broad,

mottled, glabrous. Meisn. in DO. Prodr. xiv. 225. Protea (Leuca-

Lewadendron.| PROTEACES (Phillips & Hutchinson). 527

dendron scabrum), Poir, Encycl. Suppl. iv. 559. P. scabra, Poir. ex

Ind. Kew. ii. 633. P. thyoides, Smith ea Meisn. Lc.

Sout Arrica : without locality, Mund!

Coast Reeton: Caledon Div. ; Zoetemelks River, Bowie! Uniondale Div. ;

Lange Kloof, Bowie !

19. L. corymbosum (Berg. in Vet. Akad. Handl. Stockh. 1766,

325); branches straight, terete, rather sparingly pubescent ; young

branchlets clustered, pubescent ; leaves ericoid or acicular, those

of the male smaller than those of the female, the former 3-5 lin.

long, the latter }—} in. long, all acute or subacute and glabrous

except those at the apices of barren branchlets which are pilose

with long weak spreading hairs; male inflorescences terminal on

short lateral branchlets, often subcorymbosely arranged, subglobose,

4—5 lin. in diam. ; bracts } lin. long, ovate, subacute, long-ciliate ;

perianth-tube # lin. long, cylindric, pilose above ; segments 1 lin.

long, spathulate-linear, pilose in the lower part ; limb } lin. long,

oblong-elliptic, obtuse, glabrous ; anthers } lin. long, oblong ; style

1} lin. long, filiform, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, clavate ; hypo-

gynous scales } lin. long, filiform ; female inflorescences arranged

similarly to the males, surrounded by a few leaves, 5-7 lin. in

diam. ; bracts 3} lin. long, obovate, ligulate in the upper half,

obtuse, densely pilose outside, glabrescent towards the tips ;

perianth-tube 1? lin. long, split and glabrous below, villous above ;

segments 1 lin. long, linear, pilose or villous ; limb } lin. long, oblong,

obtuse or subacute, glabrous ; staminodes } lin. long, linear ; style

1? lin. long, filiform, bent below and obliquely inserted on the

ovary; stigma } lin. long; ovary 2 lin. long, oblong, hirsute ;

hypogynous scales } lin. long, linear; fruiting heads turbinate,

about }# in. long and }—} in. in diam.; fruits obovoid, shortly

pointed, 2} lin. long, 14 lin. broad, not winged, pilose near the

base. Berg. Descr. Pl. Cap. 21; R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soe. x. 57 ;

Bot. Reg. t. 402; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 217, L. linifolium,

R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 216; Meisn. le. 228. Protea corym-

bosa, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 29 ; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 518; Thunb. Fl. Cap.

ed. Schult. 129; Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 495. P. bruniades, Linn. f.

Suppl. 117. P. linifolia, Jacq. Hort. Schoenb. i. t. 26. P. bruniz-

folia, Knight, Prot. 32. P. ericwefolia, Willd. ex Meisn, l.c, 218.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Thom! Thunberg! Ludwig, 15! Masson!

Roxburgh! Niven, Ecklon, Gueinzius.

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div. ; Tulbagh, Pappe! Ceres Road, Schlechter, 9076 !

9077! Mitchells Pass, Bolus, 7450! Worcester Div.; near Darling Bridge, Bolus,

2787 ! Paarl Div. ; between Paarl and French Hoek, Drége! near Paarl, Burchell,

961! Klapmuts, Rehmann, 2268! Bredasdorp Div.; near Elim, Bolus, 7856!

Schlechter, 7617 |! Swellendam Div.; near Breede River, Thunberg !

20. L. fusciflora (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 216); a shrub

4—5 ft. high, many-stemmed and much-branched ; branches erect ;

young branchlets rather slender, minutely pubescent or puberulous ;

528 PROTEACE# (Phillips & Hutchinson). [ Lewcadendron.

leaves of both sexes subequal, }—-} in. long, acicular, obtuse or

subacute, thick and coriaceous, glabrous; male inflorescences

numerous, often crowded towards the apices of the shoots, }—} in.

in diam., subglobose, with a few outer bracts ; floral bracts $—1 lin.

long, oblong or lanceolate-oblong, shortly acuminate, obtuse or

subobtuse, densely pilose or villous; perianth-tube 1 lin. long,

cylindric above, gradually narrowed to the base, shortly villous ;

segments 2 lin. long, spathulate-linear, pubescent ; limb $ lin. long,

oblong or lanceolate-oblong, subobtuse, shortly villous; anthers

1 lin. long, linear; style 24 lin. long, very densely hairy in the

lower part; stigma } lin. long, clavate, obtuse ; hypogynous scales

14 lin. long, linear, acute ; female inflorescence solitary at the apex

of each branchlet, about } in. long, ovoid ; bracts 2 lin. long, 44 lin.

broad, tomentose outside; perianth-tube 14 lin. long, glabrous ;

segments 2} lin. long, linear, villous; limb } lin. long, oblong,

subobtuse, pubescent; staminodes } lin. long, linear-oblong ;

hypogynous scales 2 lin. long, linear; ovary compressed, 1} lin.

long, ovate, covered with long hairs; style cylindric ; stigma } lin.

long, ellipsoid, obtuse ; fruit 24 lin. long, ellipsoid, bluntly beaked,

villous. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 228. L. stellare, Steud. Nomenel.

ed. i. 475, L. stellatum, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. i. 345. LL. canalicu-

latum, E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei PA. Documente, 198, partly.

L. brunioides, Meisn. l.c. 215, partly, excl. syn. L. meyertanum, -

Buek. L. inflecum, Klotzsch, partly, fide Meisn. l.c. 216. L. tortum,

var. inflecum, Meisn. l.c. L.? tenuifolium, Meisn. lc. 227. L.

imbricatum, var.? canaliculatum, Meisn. l.c. 215, partly. Protea torta,

Thunb. Diss. Prot. 31; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 130. P.. tenuifolia,

Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 135. P. Thunbergii, Stewd. Nomenel.

ed. 2, ii. 401. P. fusciflora, Jacq. Hort. Schoenb. i. t. 27. P.

stellaris, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 881. P. globularizfolia, Knight, Prot.

30, partly. P. squarrosa, Knight, Prot. 127, partly.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Thom! Thunberg !

Coast Reeton: Clanwilliam Div. ; between Lange Valley and Oliphants River,

Dréye! Worcester Div. ; near Worcester, Rehmann, 2511! Caledon Div.; by the

Zondereinde River, near Appels Kraal, Zeyher, 3652! Swellendam Div. ; between

Breede River and Zondereinde River, Burchell, 7489 !

21. L. sorocephalodes (Phillips & Hutchinson) ; branches terete,

pubescent with weak whitish hairs; leaves acicular, 4—6 lin.

long, scarcely 4 lin. in diam., terete, obtuse, glabrous ; male

inflorescence not seen; female inflorescence terminal, solitary,

ovoid-globose, a little over } in. in diam.; bracts about 6-seriate,

3} lin. long, ovate, obtuse or subacute, glabrous except on the ciliate

margin ; perianth-segments free to the base, 6 lin. long, dilated

below, linear above, villous ; limb 2 lin. long, linear, subacute, long

villous with rusty hairs ; staminodes } lin. long, linear ; style 2} lin.

long, narrowed to the base, glabrous ; stigma oblique; ovary 1} lin.

long, narrowly oblong, densely villous; fruits 3 lin. long, oblong-

cylindric, slightly narrowed to the base, villous with rather weak

Leucadendron] PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). 529

hairs. Sorocephalus Dregei, Buek in Drége, Zwei PA. Documente,

117, 222; Meisn.in DO. Prodr. xiv. 305. Leucadendron ? scoparium,

E. Meyer ex Meisn. 1.c.

Coast Recton: Uniondale Diy. ; between Avontuur and Klip River, in Lange

Kloof, Drége, c!

22. L. radiatum (Phillips & Hutchinson); a robust undershrub

about 2 ft. high ; branches spreading ; branchlets erect, straight,

fairly stout, slightly sulcate, pilose with weak hairs ; leaves 3—$ in.

long, 14-24 lin. broad, those surrounding the inflorescence a little

larger, all oblanceolate, contracted at the apex into an obtuse

short mucro, rigidly coriaceous, thinly pubescent on both surfaces,

especially towards the margin; male inflorescences terminal,

surrounded by several silky adpressed-tomentose leaves, subglobose,

about 4 in. in diam. ; floral bracts 2 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate,

obtuse, villous ; perianth-tube 1 lin. long, villous ; segments 1} lin.

long, spathulate-linear, coiled, pubescent ; limb 4 lin. long, oblong,

obtuse, pubescent ; anthers } lin. long, linear ; style 2 lin. long,

terete, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, clavate, subacute ; hypogynous

scales } lin. long, filiform-linear; female inflorescence solitary,

terminal, ovoid, about } in. long and in diam. ; bracts 14 lin. long,

2} lin. broad, transversely oblong, tomentose ; perianth-tube 1} lin.

long, split below, pilose ; segments ? lin. long, linear, villous ;

limb } lin. long, oblong, obtuse, hirsute ; hypogynous scaies $ lin.

long, linear ; style 1 lin. long, filiform, glabrous, obliquely inserted ;

stigma small, truncate, minutely bifid ; ovary } lin. long, ellipsoid,

glabrous ; fruiting head ellipsoid, about 1 in. long, 3 in. in diam. ;

bracts about 15-seriate, transversely oblong, truncate, about 24 lin.

long and } in. broad, adpressed-pubescent outside, becoming nearly

glabrous at the tips; fruits not seen.

Coast Recton: Riversdale Div. ; on the summit of Kampsche Berg, Burchell,

7110!

23. L. dubium (Buek in Drige, Zwei Pf. Documente, 73, 198);’

branchlets very shortly pubescent; leaves closely overlapping,

those of the male smaller than those of the female, the former

2-3 lin. long, 1-1? lin. broad, the latter 3-7 lin. long, 1 —2} lin.

broad, all obovate or those around the female inflorescence oblanceo-

late, obtuse or subacute, coriaceous, softly adpressed-pubescent on

both surfaces, at length becoming glabrous; male inflorescences

subcorymbose, solitary and terminal, scarcely } in. in diam.,

surrounded by several broad purple bracts ; floral bracts 24 lin.

long, oblanceolate-spathulate, pubescent, ciliate ; perianth-tu 1}

lin. long, cylindric, pilose ; segments 1} lin. long, pilose ; limb } lin.

long, oblong, subacute, glabrous ; anthers 3 lin. long, linear ; style

2 lin. long, cylindric, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, oblong-cylindric ;

hypogynous scales? ; female inflorescences hidden by the coloured

bract-like leaves ; floral bracts 4-5 lin. long, oblong, shortly and

VOL. V.—SECT. I. 2M

530 PROTEACE# (Phillips & Hutchinson). [ Zewcadendron.

obtusely acuminate, pubescent, ciliate ; perianth-tube 1} lin. long,

ventricose below, covered with very long hairs; segments 4} lin.

long, linear, pilose with long hairs ; limb 4 lin. long, oblong-linear,

acute, glabrous; anthers } lin. long, linear; style 3} lin. long,

filiform-cylindric, narrowed to the base, glabrous ; stigma not seen ;

ovary } lin. long, ellipsoid, glabrous ; mature heads subglobose,

villous ; fruits transversely ellipsoid, 3 lin. long, 34 lin. broad,

not winged. L. buxifolium, var. dubium, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv.

215.

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div. ; near Honig Valley and Koude Berg, Drege!

near Ezelsbank, Drége! Schlechter, 8302! 8803! Sneeuwkop, Bodkin in Herb.

Bolus, 9077 !

24. L. imbricatum (R. Br. in Trans, Linn. Soc. x. 55); branchlets

terete, glabrous or finely puberulous; leaves of the male smaller

than those of the female, the former 3-4 lin. long, 1—1} lin. broad,

narrowly lanceolate, the latter 3—? lin. long, 14-2 lin. broad, nar-

rowly oblong, all obtuse or subacute, very thick and coriaceous,

glabrous, wrinkled when dry; male inflorescences crowded, nearly

+ in. in diam., transversely ellipsoid or obovoid; bracts 1} lin.

long, lanceolate, subobtuse, villous, ciliate; perianth-tube 1 lin.

long, minutely pubescent; segments 24 lin. long, pubescent ;

limb 3 lin. long, oblong, subacute ; anthers } lin. long, linear ;

style 34 lin. long, very densely hairy on the lowermost third,

filiform above; stigma 1 lin. long, clavate-cylindric, obtuse ;

hypogynous scales 1 lin. long, linear ; female inflorescences about

5 lin. in diam., subglobose; bracts 2 lin. long, 4 lin. broad,

tomentose, very minutely ciliate ; perianth-tube 1} lin. long, com-

pressed, curved, pubescent above, glabrous below ; segments 1} lin.

long, pubescent; limb } lin. long, oblong, subacute, pubescent ;

staminodes } lin. long, linear ; hypogynous scales } lin. long, linear,

acuminate, acute; style 24 lin. long, cylindric, furrowed above,

glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, subclavate ; ovary 1} lin. long, ovoid,

covered with long white hairs. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 214,

excl. spec. Ludwig, var. dregeanum and part of var. canaliculatum.

L, buxifolium, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 55; Meisn. le. 215,

excl. vars. L.canaliculatum, E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pfl. Documente,

198, partly, as to Drege g et 9 a. L. angustatum, E. Meyer, l.c-

113, 198, not of R. Br. L.% leve, Meisn. lc. 227. Protea levis,

Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 133. P. (Leucadendron imbricatum),

Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 557. P. imbricata, Poir. ex Ind. Kew. u-

632. P. Wendlandi, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 556. P. imbricata,

Wendl. Hort. Hervenhaus. t. 14, eacl. syn., fide Meisn. lc. 215. P-

polygaloides, Willd. ex Meisn. lc. P. cinerea, Willd. Herb. ex Meisn. —

lc. (not Willd. Sp. Pl.). P. levisana, Linn. Herb. ex Meisn. l.c., not

Linn. Syst. .

a Arrica: without locality, Thunberg! Masson! Niven in Herb. Stock-

Coast Region: Clanwilliam Div. ; Vogelfontein, Schlechter, 8519! 8520!

Leucadendron.| PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). 531

Piquetberg Div. ; near Piquetberg Road. Tyson, 2292! Malmesbury Div. ; Zwart-

land, Zeyher! Pappe! between Groene Kloof and Saldanaha Bay, Drége! Tulbagh

Div. ; Saron, Schlechter, 10635! 10636! Vogelvalley, Pappe! Worcester Div. ;

by the Doorn River, near Mordkuil, Boschjesveld Range, Drége! Cape Div. ;

between Paarde Berg and Tiger Berg, Ludwig! Swellendam Div. ; Pappe!

The specimen in Herb. Stuttgart collected by Ludwig at Kars River and quoted

by Meisner under this species is L. tortum, R. Br.

25. L. pubescens (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 66); branchlets

slender, terete, shortly pubescent or tomentellous ; leaves 3—1 in.

long, 1}-3 lin. broad, oblanceolate or narrowly oblanceolate, con-

tracted at the apex into a very short hardened subacute mucro,

rather rigidly coriaceous, papillose and sometimes very sparingly

pubescent on both surfaces, with distinct ascending nerves ; male

inflorescence terminal, solitary, surrounded by a distinct involucre

of bracts, about 5 lin. in diam., subglobose ; involucral bracts

about 24 lin. long, oblong, the outer acuminate, obtuse, pubescent,

long ciliate ; floral bracts 1} lin. long, linear, subobtuse, densely

ciliate at the apex only ; perianth-tube 1} lin. long, pilose ; segments

1} lin. long, spathulate-linear, pilose; limb 3 lin. long, linear,

obtuse, glabrous; anthers ? lin. long, linear ; style 2 lin. long,

filiform, long-pilose ; stigma } lin. long, cylindric, obtuse. Meisn.

in DC. Prodr. xiv. 226. LL. globularia, R. Br. lc. 65; Meisn. l.c.

L.? acutum, Meisn. lc. 228. Protea globularia, Lam. Iil. i. 236,

t. 53, fig. 2. P. virgata, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 133. P.

(Leucadendron pubescens), Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 559.

SourH AFRICA : without locality, Drége! Thunberg! Roxburgh |

Coast Re@ion: Piquetberg Div. ; Piqueniers Kloof, Schlechter, 7942! Tulbagh

Div. ; between New Kloof and Elands Kloof, Drege !

26. L. coriaceum (Phillips & Hutchinson); branches terete,.

shortly pubescent or glabrous ; leaves subequal in both sexes, 4—7

lin. long, 2-3} lin. broad, oblanceolate or spathulate-obovate,.

rounded into a very obtuse mucro at the apex, rigidly or thickly

coriaceous, glabrous; male inflorescences solitary and terminal,

scarcely } in. in diam., subdepressed-globose ; bracts 1 lin. long,

lanceolate, subobtuse ; perianth-tube 1} lin. long, tubular, pilose

above, glabrous below; segments 2 lin. long, spathulate-linear,

adpressed-pilose ; limb 3 lin. long, oblong, subacute, pubescent ;

anthers } lin. long, linear ; style 2} lin. long, cylindric, with very

long hairs at the base; stigma 1 lin. long, ellipsoid, subacute ;

hypogynous scales 1} lin. long, filiform; female inflorescences

similar to the male but nearly hidden by the upper leaves;

bracts 2 lin. long, ovate, acuminate, villous, ciliate ; perianth-

segments 3} lin. long, spathulate-linear, villous above, glabrous

below; limb } lin, long, oblong, obtuse or subobtuse, villous ;

staminodes } lin. long, linear ; hypogynous scales 1} lin. long,

linear, long-acuminate, acute ; style 24 lin. long, linear, glabrous,

inserted laterally ; stigma oblique; ovary 4 lin. long, compressed,

winged, produced abvve into 2 flat membranous horns.

2m 2

532 PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). [ Leucadendron.

Coast Recton: Bredasdorp Div. ; near Elands Kloof, Mund, 5! in the neigh-

bourhood of Kars River, Zudwig ! Swellendam Div. ; mountains near Swellendam,

(Pappe ?)!

97. L. truncatum (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 228); branches

terete, purplish, glabrous or slightly pubescent ; young branchlets

slender, those of the female much longer than those of the male ;

leaves of the male shorter than those of the female, the former

3-5 lin. long, 4-3 lin. broad, the latter 1-1} in. long, 1}-1$ lin.

broad, all linear or linear-oblanceolate, obtuse or subacute, glabrous ;

male inflorescences surrounded by a conspicuous involucre of

numerous lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate tomentose bracts, de-

pressed-globose, about } in. in diam. ; floral bracts 2-2} lin. long,

linear, acute, villous ; perianth-tube 14-2 lin. long, at length split

nearly half-way down; limb }-} lin. long, lanceolate, nearly

glabrous; anthers } lin. long; style 1}-3 lin. long, slender,

glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, clavate ; young female inflorescence

not seen; fruiting head about 1 in. in diam., subglobose ; bracts

woody, transversely oblong or broadly obovate and truncate, about

3 lin. long and 44 lin. broad, rusty-villous in the lower part,

whitish tomentose above. L. globularia, E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei

Pfl. Documente, 114, 198, not of R. Br. L. tortum, Meisn. in DC.

Prodr. xiv. 216, as to Zeyher, 3651. Protea truncata, Thunb. Fl.

Cap. ed. Schult. 134.

Sour Arrica : without locality, Thunberg ! Stuart!

Coast Recon: Caledon Div.; Bot River, Zeyher, 3651! Pappe, 10! between

Groene Kloof and Dassenberg, Drége, b! Stellenbosch Div. ; between Tiger Berg

and Simons Berg, Drége, a!

28. L. levisanum (Berg. in Vet. Akad. Handl. Stockh. 1766, 324) ;

an erect shrub 2-4 ft. high; young branchlets numerous, pilose ;

leaves of the male slightly smaller than those of the female, the

former 24-4 lin. long, }-1} lin. broad, the latter 3—5 lin. long,

3-2 lin. broad, all oblanceolate or spathulate-oblanceolate, obtuse

or subacute, thick and coriaceous, those towards the tips of the

shoots long-pilose, the remainder glabrous; male inflorescences

rather crowded, about } in. in diam., depressed-globose ; involucral

bracts 1—2-seriate, subulate-lanceolate, about as long as the flowers,

densely villous ; floral bracts 3—% lin. long, lanceolate, subacute,

pilose ; perianth-tube } lin. long, pilose; segments 2 lin. long,

pubescent. below, glabrous above; limb } lin. long, oblong, obtuse,

glabrous ; anthers 4 lin. long, linear; style 1? lin. long, filiform

above, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, clavate ; female inflorescences

terminal, solitary, about 4 in. in diam., ovoid; bracts 2 lin. long,

21 lin. broad, obovate, with a very short blunt point, villous ;

perianth-segments nearly free, dilated and keeled at the base, the

anterior and posterior inside the lateral, 3 lin. long, pilose above,

glabrous below ; limb } lin. long, oblong, obtuse, pilose ; staminodes

1 lin. long, linear; style 2} lin. long, cylindric ; stigma obovoid,

Leucadendron.| PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). 533

bifid ; ovary 2 lin. long, elliptic, 4-angled, covered with long white

hairs ; fruits obovoid, slightly 3-keeled, 1? lin. long, 1} lin. in

diam., villous between the angles; bracts of the fruiting head

transversely oblong, truncate or slightly emarginate, about } in.

broad, villous outside. R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 55; Meisn.

in DC. Prodr. xiv. 216. L. hirsutum, Hoffmansegg. Verz. Pfl. 72 ;

Meisn. l.c. 227. Protea fusca, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 95. P. levisana,

Thunb. Diss. Prot. 37 (eucl. var. y of Herb.) ; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult.

135. P. tenuifolia, Salisb. Prodr. 49. P. hirsuta, Thunb. in Hoffm.

Phytog. Blaetter, i. 12; Roem. et Schultes, Syst. iii. 355 ; Thunb. Fl.

Cap. ed. Schult. 131. P. spatuleefolia, Knight, Prot. 31. P. hirsuta,

Willd. ex Meisn. l.c. 216. Brunia levisanus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 289.

Conocarpodendron, foliis subrotundis, etc., Boerh. Ind. Pl. Hort. Lugd.

Bat. ii. 202, t. 202. Brunia foliis oblongis, etc., Burm. Pl. Afric.

267, t. 100, fig. 2. Scolymocephalus seu Conocarpodendron foliis

brevissimis, Weinm. Phyt. iv. 296, t. 904, jig. a.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Zeyher! Grey! Mund! Bergius! Sieber, 7!

Thunberg |! Ecklon, 333! 352! Wallich & Hartman! Andersson!

Coast Recion: Cape Div.; Kommetjes, Galpin, 4448! Vygeskraal Farm,

Wolley-Dod, 1866! Wynberg, Zeyher! Schlechter, 1695! Cape Flats, Bowie!

Pappe! Zeyher, 4683! Burchell, 216! 696! Schmieterlich, 192! MacOwan, 2841!

Zeyher, 3947 | Ludwig ! Zwart River near Rondebosch, Zeyher, 102! Stellenbosch

Div.; between Stellenbosch and Cape Flats, Burchell, 8349! near Eerste River,

Bolus, 4201! Caledon Div. ; Grabouw near Palmiet River, Bolus, 4196!

29. L. platyspermum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 63); an

erect shrub about 6 ft. high; branchlets yellow, more or less

angular, glabrous; lower leaves 1}—2} in. long, linear, upper

leaves 14-25 lin. long, 14-3} lin. broad, linear-oblanceolate, obtuse,

all coriaceous and glabrous; male inflorescence terminal, small,

about 4 lin. long and 2% lin. in diam., surrounded by a few larger

leaves and several overlapping very hairy outer bracts; bracts

3 lin. long, spathulate-linear, densely villous, ciliate ; perianth-tube

3 lin. long, glabrous ; segments 1} lin. long, linear, pilose below,

glabrous above; limb 3 lin. long, linear, glabrous ; anthers # lin.

long, linear ; style 1 lin. long, filiform, glabrous ; stigma § lin, long,

cylindric, acute ; hypogynous scales } lin. long, filiform; female

inflorescences 1} in. long, 4 in. in diam., narrowly ellipsoid or

conical, surrounded by numerous outer linear-lanceolate coriaceous

very hairy bracts; floral bracts 1} lin. long, 4} lin. broad, semi-

circular, glabrous ; perianth-tube 14 lin. long, compressed, dilated

at the base, villous ; segments 3 lin. long, linear, glabrous ; limb

1 lin. long, ovate, obtuse, glabrous ; staminodes § lin. long ; style

1 lin. long, linear, widened above ; stigma shortly 2-lobed ; ovary

2 lin. long, 1} lin. broad, flattened, glabrous ; hypogynous scales

1} lin. long, lanceolate or ovate ; old female heads persistent, 13-24

in. long, 14-1} in. in diam. ; scales very rigid and thick, spreading ;

fruits transversely oblong-elliptic, flattened, nucleus 4 lin. long,

about 7 lin. broad, surrounded by a membranous wing about 1} lin.

broad, shining, glabrous. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 224. L.

534 PROTEACEA (Vhillips & Hutchinson). | Zewcadendron.

comosum, R. Br. lc. 64. LL. ericifolium, Drége, partly, fide Meisn.

Le. Protea polysperma, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 556. P. comosa,

Thunb. Diss. Prot. 28, partly (specimen a of Herb.) ; Willd. Sp. Pl. i.

517, partly; Lam. Ill. i. 23%, partly ; Poir. Encycl. v. 655, partly.

SoutH ArFrica: without locality, Thunberg! Gueinzius !

Coast Reaion: Caledon Div. ; Knoflooks Kraal and Little Houwhoek, Zeyher,

3653! Donker Hoek Mountain, “Burchell, 8003! Bredasdorp Div.; near Elim,

Bolus, 7868! Schlechter, 9635! Swellendam Div.; between Sparrbosch and

Tradouw, Drége, ?.

30. L. emulum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 64); an erect

shrub, about 5 ft. high ; branches robust, erect, glabrous ; leaves

}-2} in. long, $-3 lin. broad, acicular or linear-oblanceolate, acute

or subacute, glabrous; male inflorescences small and subglobose,

terminal, surrounded by numerous enlarged leaves ; bracts 1 lin.

long, ovate, subacuminate, subacute, glabrous, ciliate ; perianth-

tube } lin. long, glabrous ; segments 1} lin. long, linear, glabrous ;

limb ? lin. long, oblong, obtuse or subobtuse, glabrous ; anthers

4 lin. long, linear ; style 12 lin. long, filiform ; stigma } lin. long ;

hypogynous scales } lin. long, linear ; female inflorescences terminal,

about 14 in. long and } in. in diam., conical; bracts 14 lin. long,

2? lin. broad, transversely oblong, shortly pointed, glabrous ;

perianth-tube 1} lin. long, glabrous at the base, hirsute above ;

lobes ? lin. long, broadly linear, hirsute; limb 4 lin. long,

oblong, subacute, sometimes concave, glabrous ; staminodes 4 lin.

long, linear; style 1} lin. long, linear, narrowed to the base;

stigma cyathiform; ovary } lin. long, suborbicular ; hypogynous

scales } lin. long, ovate, shortly pointed ; mature female heads

persistent, 2} in. long, 1} in. in diam.; bracts spreading, rigid,

glabrous or nearly so ; fruits compressed, broadly elliptic, winged,

emarginate, 4} lin, long, 4 lin. broad, glabrous. EH. Meyer in Drége,

Zwei Pfl. Documente, 117, 121, 124, 198; Meisn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 224. Protea comosa, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 28, partly (specimen

B of Herb.) ; Linn. Syst. ed. xiv. 138, partly ; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 129, partly ; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 517, partly; Lam. Ill. i. 238,

partly ; Poir. Encycl. v. 655, partly. P. (Leucadendron zemulum),

Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 558, partly. P. amula, Poir. ex Ind. Kew.

ii. 631, partly.

Var. B, homeophyllum (Meisn. l.c.); leaves all of one kind on each shoot,

acicular. L. abietinum, E. Meyer in Diége, Zwei Pf. Documente, 79, 81, 198, not

y R. it Protea incurva, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 429. Chasme ramentacea, Knight,

rot. 1/,

Soutu Arnica: without locality, Thunbery! Gueinzius! Var. B, Ludwig!

Coast Recion: Swellendam Div.; summit of a peak near Swellendam,

Burchell, 7352! George Div. ; Hooge Kraal River, Drege! Uniondale Div. ;

between Avontuur and Klip River, in Lange Kloof, Drége! Var. 8: Worcester

Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drége! ;

According to Knight (l.c.) the variety 8 grows also in the mountains of Lange

Kloof in Uniondale Div., wkere it was gathered by Niven and Masson.

Leucadendron.| PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). 535

31. L. Dregei (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 64,

198); branches stout, shortly adpressed-pubescent ; leaves acicular,

1-1} in. long, acute or subacute, glabrous when mature, pilose

with weak spreading hairs when young; male flowers not known ;

female head terminal, solitary, about 14 in. in diam., ellipsoid-

globose ; bracts rigidly coriaceous, ovate, shortly adpressed-pubes-

cent in the lower, glabrous in the upper half; perianth-tube 2 lin.

long, ventricose at the base, membranous, glabrous ; segments 4 lin.

long, linear, long-villous ; limb 3 lin. long, linear, villous; stami-

nodes } lin. long, linear; style 5 lin. long, filiform, glabrous ;

stigma minutely bifid; fruit 2} lin. long, obovoid, not winged,

pilose. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 217.

oF ecnage Recion: Prince Albert Div. ; Zwartberg Range, near Vrolykheid,

rége !

32. L. Galpinii (Phillips & Hutchinson); branchlets of the

male rather slender, of the female stouter, finely pubescent, rather

sharply angular when young, at length becoming terete ; leaves

of the male slightly smaller than those of the female, the former

4-1 in. long, 1-14 lin. broad, the latter 1-1} in. long, 1-1? lin.

broad, all linear-oblanceolate, obtuse, flat, longitudinally striate or

wrinkled, glabrous on both surfaces; male inflorescences solitary

and terminating short lateral branchlets, 1—} in. in diam., globose ;

bracts } lin. long, lanceolate, densely villous ; perianth-tube 1 lin,

long, cylindric, pubescent; lobes 1} lin. long, pubescent; limb

4 lin. long, lanceolate, subacute, pubescent; anthers } lin. long,

linear ; style 12 lin. long, filiform, hairy below ; stigma } lin. long,

ellipsoid or clavate; female inflorescence 3-1} in. long, }-1 in.

in diam., oblong-ellipsoid ; bracts 3 lin. long, 5 lin. broad, villous

at the base, otherwise pubescent, ciliate ; perianth-segments 4 lin.

long, widened, membranous and glabrous below, villous above ;

limb | lin. long, linear ; style 2} lin. long, cylindric-tiliform, with

_a few long hairs at the base ; stigma truncate or minutely bifid at

the apex ; ovary 1} lin. long, elliptic, long hairy.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Thom, 69! 71! 538! Bowie!

~ Coast Reaion: Riversdale Div. ; Milkwoodfontein, Galpin, 4439 !

33. L. ramosissimum (Buek ex Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 221) ;

branches slightly sulcate, puberulous ; young branchlets more or

less rusty adpressed-pilose ; leaves 14-24 in. long, 14-2} lin. broad,

oblanceolatedinear, contracted at the apex into a rather long sharp

mucro, chartaceous, glabrous or slightly pubescent; male heads

surrounded by a few leaves the inner of which gradually become

shorter and broadened at the base, ovoid-triangular or subglobose,

about } in. in diam.; floral bracts ? lin. long, oblong, subacute,

villous and ciliate on the upper half; perianth-tube 1 lin. long,

subcompressed, pilose; segments 1} lin. long, spathulate-linear,

pilose ; limb } lin. long, oblong, obtuse, pilose ; anthers | lin. long,

536 PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). [Lewcadendron.

oblong; style 14 lin. long, terete, narrowing above, somewhat

flattened below, pubescent; stigma } lin. long, clavate, obtuse ;

hypogynous scales } lin. long, linear; female flowers not seen.

L. coniferum, Sieber, ex Meisn. l.c., 222. L. virgatum, Meisn. l.c., as

to Sieber, 191, g.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Dréye, 8045! Sieber, 191!

34. L. strictum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 60); a shrub

5-7 ft. high ; lower branches yellow (Burchell) ; young branchlets

terete, pubescent or puberulous ; leaves in the male smaller than

those of the female, the former 1—2 in. long, the latter about 24 in.

long, all 14~—2 lin. broad, linear, contracted at the apex into a long

acute mucro about 1 lin. long, thinly and rigidly coriaceous or

chartaceous, glabrous or thinly long-pilose towards the base, rather

closely longitudinally striate ; male inflorescences numerous, solitary

at the apices of short lateral branchlets, about } in. in diam., sub-

globose ; bracts 4 lin. long, ovate, subacute, glabrous except for a

small tuft of hairs at the apex ; perianth-tube 2 lin. long, glabrous ;

limb 3 lin. long, oblong, subobtuse, incurved above ; anthers } lin.

long, linear ; style } lin. long, filiform, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long,

cylindric ; hypogynous scales } lin. long, filiform ; female inflores-

cences solitary at the apex of each branchlet, surrounded by several

imbricate bract-like leaves, about 4 in. long and 4} lin. in diam.,

ovoid ; bracts 1} lin. long, 3-lin, broad, transversely oblong, rounded

above, glabrous, scantily ciliate; perianth-segments compressed,

1} lin. long, slightly imbricated, pilose ; limb } lin. long, oblong ;

staminodes obsolete ; style 14 lin. long, filiform, glabrous ; stigma

ovoid, lateral; ovary } lin. long, obovoid, nearly glabrous; style

obliquely inserted ; fruits 2} lin. long, 2} lin. broad, slightly com-

pressed, oblong, a little emarginate at the apex, acute at the sides

but scarcely winged, very sparingly setulose ; old persistent female

heads 1}—1} in. long, 1} in. in diam., ellipsoid ; lower bracts

recurved, the remainder spreading. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 221.

L.? coniferum, Meisn. lc. 227, partly. Protea conifera, Thunb. Diss.

Prot. 53 (as to specimen y) ; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 135 (as to specimen y).

P. conifera, Andr, Bot. Rep, t. 541. P. conica, Lam. Lllustr.

. be 71, fide Meisn. Lee. Euryspermum salicifolium, Salish. Parad.

i: i,

SourH Arnica: without locality, Thunberg !

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div. ; at the waterfall, Pappe! Paarl Div.; near

French Hoek, Bolus, 6996! Caledon Div. ; Donker Hook Mountain, Burchell,

8004! Nieuw Kloof, Burchell, 8158! Houw Hvek Mountains, Zeyher, 3648!

Baviaans Kloof near Genadendal, Drege! Riversdale Div. ; Gysmans Hoek, Muir,

397, and in Herb. Galpin, 5300! George Div. ; Cradock Berg, Burchell, 5980!

Uitenhage Div. ; Van Stadensberg, Zeyher, 3650 !

35. L. eucalyptifolium (Buek in Drége, Zwei Pf. Documente,

123, 198); a shrub or tree 10-15 ft. high; branches slightly

flexuous, subterete, pilose with weak hairs and minutely puberulous

Leucadendron.) PROTEACE# (Phillips & Hutchinson). 537

with small adpressed hairs, becoming glabrous when older ; branch-

lets pubescent or silky tomentose; leaves subequal in both sexes,

those around the inflorescence longer than those below, gradually

broadening at the base and passing into the bracts, 14-34 in. long,

2—3 lin. broad, linear, conspicuously and acutely apiculate, gradually

narrowed to the base, coriaceous, longitudinally striate, glabrous or

pilose towards the base ; male inflorescences solitary at the apex of

rather long lateral branchlets, 3—} in. long, 4-5 lin. in diam.,

nearly hidden by the broadened coloured bases of the surrounding

leaves ; bracts ? lin. long, obovate, concave, glabrous, ciliate above ;

perianth-tube } lin. long, glabrous ; segments 1} lin. long, spathu-

late-linear, glabrous ; limb } lin. long, elliptic or oblong, obtuse,

glabrous ; anthers } lin. long, oblong ; style 1 lin. long, cylindrie-

filiform, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, clavate, obtuse ; hypogynous

scales } lin. long, filiform ; female inflorescence terminal, conical,

? in. long, } lin. in diam. ; bracts 2} lin. long, 4 lin. broad, trans-

versely oblong, narrowed to the base, densely tomentose in the

upper half, ciliate ; perianth-segments 1} lin. long, linear, glabrous ;

limb 3 lin. long, obovate, glabrous ; style 1 lin. long, linear, filiform

below, glabrous ; stigma terminal, truncate; ovary 1} lin. long,

1} lin. broad, flattened, suborbicular, glabrous; old female heads

cylindric-ellipsoid, 14 in. long, 1 in. in diam. Meisn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 221. Lz. salignum, var. longifolium, Meisn. l.c. 223.

SourH AFrrica: without locality, Hohenacker !

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div. ; Witzen Berg, Burchell, 8648! George Div.;

near George, Drége, 8044! forest near Touw River, Burchell, 5727 ! Swellendam

Div. ; Puspas Valley, Voormansbosch, Zeyher, 3646! Knysna Div. ; on the Paarde

Berg, Burchell, 5193! Millwood Goldfields, Tyson! Uniondale Div. ; near

Avontuur, Bolus, 2450! Humansdorp Div.; Witte Els Bosch, Galpin, 4445!

Uitenhage Div. ; Van Staadens, near Port Elizabeth, Paterson, 891! between

Maitland and Van Stadens River, Burchell, 4646 !

36. L. adscendens (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 61); a low-

growing shrub 9-12 in. high; branches slightly angular, glabrous

or rarely adpressed-pubescent ; leaves on the branches much smaller

and narrower at the base than those surrounding the inflorescence,

the former }—1 in. long, narrowly oblanceolate, the latter 1}—24 in.

long, in the male narrowly linear-oblanceolate, in the female lanceo-

late or linear-lanceolate, all hardened but scarcely apiculate at the

apex, coriaceous, glabrous and longitudinally striate on both

surfaces; male inflorescences solitary, terminal, conical or sub-

globose, $—} in. long, 3-3 in. in diam. ; bracts 2 lin. long, linear-

oblong, obtuse, villous ; perianth-tube } lin. long, glabrous ; segments

1} lin. long, spathulate-linear, glabrous; limb } lin. long, oblong,

obtuse, glabrous; anthers } lin. long, oblong; style 1 lin. long,

filiform-cylindric, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, clavate ; hypogynous

_ Scales 4 lin. long, filiform ; female inflorescences terminal, solitary,

ellipsoid or subglobose, about 1 in. long and } in. in diam. ; bracts

1} lin. long, ovate, obtuse, pubescent, ciliate ; perianth-segments

imbricate, the two lateral exterior, 2} lin. long, linear, narrowed

538 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). [Zewcadendron.

below, villous in the middle; limb $ lin. long, lanceolate, subacute,

glabrous ; staminodes } lin. long; hypogynous scales } lin. long,

linear ; style 13.lin. long, linear, narrowed to the base, glabrous ;

stigma } lin. long, flat, oblique; ovary } lin. long, oblong, winged ;

fruits winged, emarginate. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 222.

L. salignum, Berg. in Vet. Akad. Handl. Stockh. 1766, 323, not of

R. Br. L. virgatum, R. Br. Lc. 60. L. glabrum, var. angustifolium,

Meisn. lc. 221. L. coniferum, Meisn. I.c. 227, partly. L. virgatum,

Drege a, 3, ex Meisn. l.c. 221, partly. Protea pallens and P. conifera,

Linn. Mant. alt. 193. P. pallens (a et B of Herb.), Thunb. Diss.

Prot. 53; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 134. P. conifera, Thunb. Diss.

Prot. 53 (as to spec. a, B et dof Herb.). P. argentea, Linn., var. B?

Sp. Pl. ed.i. 94. P. pallida, Salish. Prodr. 49. P. virgata, Poir.

Encycl. Suppl. iv. 556. P. stricta, Don ex Steud. Nomenel. ed. ii. 401,

fide Meisn., lc. 252. P. obliqua and P. involucrata, Willd. ea Meisn.

Le. 222. Thymeleea capitata, angusto, etc., Pluk. Mant. 181, t. 229,

fig. 6. Conocarpodendron folio angusto rigido, ete., Boerh. Ind. Pl.

Hort. Lugd. Bat. ii. t. 200 (and t. 203%). Scolymocephalus minor,

Weinm. Phyt. iv. 295, t. 903 a, Frutea ethiopicus conifer foliis, ete.,

Breyn. Exot. Pl. Cent. 21, t. 9.

Var. 8, pallens (Phillips & Hutchinson) ; male inflorescence completely hidden

by the uppet vegetative leaves. Protea pallens (y of Herb. partly), Thund~, Diss.

Prot. 53, excl. syn.

SovrH AFRICA: without locality, Harvey, 379! 383! Wahlberg! Hooker !

Thom, 269! Mund! Sieber, 8! 19! 383! Thunberg! Ludwig ! Ecklon! Guetnzius |

Hohenacker, 5! Var. B, Thunberg !

Coast Recron : Clanwilliam Div. ; between Lange Valley and Oliphants River,

Drege! near Wupperthal, Leipoldt, 488! Tulbagh Div. ; Pappe! Saron, Schlechter,

7878 ! 7879! Worcester Div.; Worcester, Cooper, 1593! Cape Div. ; Mountains

and Flats around Cape Town, Burchell, 41! 903! 8483! Bolus, 3702!

Phillips, 271! Diimmer, 1239! Wolley-Dod, 2738! Zeyher, 3644! 4684! 4685,

partly ! Ecklon, 469! Pearson, 4922! 5046! Andersson! Drége! Wilms, 3578 !

3574 ! Galpin, 4451! Stellenbosch Div. ; Stellenbosch, Andersson ! Caledon Div. 5

Mountains of Baviaans Kloof near Genadendal, Burchell, 7€53 | Zoetemelks Valley,

Burchell, 7592! between Zwart Berg and the Zondereinde River, Zeyher, 3645 !

Robertson Div. ; Sand Berg, near Robertson, Pearson ! Oudtshoorn Div. ; 20 miles

from Oudtshoorn, Britten, 96! Uniondale Div.; between Avontuur and the

Keurbooms River, Burchell, 5045! 5064! Uitenhage Div. ; Van Staadens Berg,

Paterson, 888 ! 889! 890! Bethelsdorp, Paterson, 699! Albany Div. ; hill near ~

Stones Hill Road, near Grahamstown, Misses Daly & Cherry, 1030! Var. B:

Clanwilliam Div. ; Zwartbosch Kraal, Schlechter, 5179 !

CentraL Rxcion: Calvinia Div. ; Oorlogs Kloof, Schlechter, 10954 ! 10955!

37. L. Phillipsii (Hutchinson); a shrub up to 9 ft. high ;

branchlets adpressed-puberulous or pubescent ; leaves 14-1} in.

long, 1-14 lin. broad, linear, with a subacute callous apex, ‘straight

or more often somewhat falcate, rigidly coriaceous, glabrous ; male

heads subglobose, about 5 lin. in diam., surrounded by @ few

narrow-based leaves which are a little longer than those below,

rarely with a few of the inner ones becoming smaller and bract-like ;

floral bracts oblong, obtuse, } lin. long, slightly keeled on the back,

thinly pubescent towards the base ; perianth-tube } lin. long,

Leweadendron.| PROTEACEA: (Phillips & Hutchinson). 539

cylindric, glabrous ; segments spathulate-linear, 1} lin. long,

glabrous; limb 2 lin, long, narrowly oblong, obtuse, glabrous ;

anthers } lin, long; style 13 lin. long, slender, glabrous; stigma

clavate, 4 lin. long ; female heads oblong-ellipsoid, about } in. long,

surrounded by a small involucre of short acuminate ciliate bracts ;

floral bracts transversely oblong-elliptic, about 3 lin. long and 4 lin.

broad, coriaceous, rather densely adpressed-pubescent across the

middle, glabrous around the margin and near the base ; perianth-

tube glabrous; segments linear, glabrous; staminodes very small ;

ovary compressed, suborbicular, slightly emarginate, winged, about

1} lin. in diam., glabrous; style 1} lin. long, glabrous; stigma

clavate ; fruiting head about 1 in. long, surrounded by a few more or

less coloured leaves ; fruit compressed, winged, suborbicular, slightly

emarginate, 2} lin. in diam., glabrous. ,

Socta Arrica: without locality, Drége! Harvey! Bowie!

Coast Recron: Caledon Div. ; Houw Hoek Mountains, Zeyher, 3648 partly!

Knysna Div. ; Paarde Berg, Burchell, 5192! Uniondale Div. ; near Avuntuur,

Bolus, 2448 !

38. L. meyerianum (Buek in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 70,

198) ; branches terete, glabrous ; young branchlets rather slender,

glabrous, purplish; leaves. subequal in both sexes, 1-2 in. long,

4—1} lin. broad, linear, hardened at the apex into an obtuse mucro,

rigidly coriaceous, glabrous and slightly glaucous; male inflo-

rescences solitary or rarely 2 or 3 crowded together on short

branchlets, broadly obovoid, 3-4 lin. long, 5-7 lin. in diam. ;

bracts 2} lin. long, ovate, obtuse, glabrous; perianth-tube 2 lin.

long, cylindric, glabrous ; lobes 2 lin. long, linear, glabrous ; limb

% lin. long, oblong-linear, obtuse, glabrous; anthers 1 lin. long,

linear ; style 4 lin. long, narrowed to the base, coarsely pilose on

the middle third; stigma flat, oblique; hypogynous scales 2 lin.

long, filiform; female inflorescence solitary, terminal, surrounded

by several leaves, ovoid, 3-4 lin. long, 3 lin. in diam. ; bracts

2 lin. long, 2} lin. broad, ovate, subacuminate, subobtuse, concave,

glabrous except for the long villous base ; perianth-tube 2 lin. long,

compressed, villous; segments 1 lin. long, linear, glabrous; limb

3 lin. long, oblong, subacute, incurved above, glabrous ; staminodes

4 lin. long ; style 24 lin. long, cylindric, glabrous ; stigma 2-lobed ;

ovary } lin. long, ellipsoid, villous ; hypogynous scales 1 lin. long,

linear ; fruiting head broadly ovoid, about 4 in. high and # in. in

diam. ; bracts rusty-villous near the base outside ; fruit transversely

oblong-ellipsoid, 24 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, slightly keeled, glabrous,

black and wrinkled when dry.

~Crnrrat Recion: Calvinia Div. ; Oorlogs Kloof, Schlechter, 10956! 10957 !

near Groen River and Waterval River, Drége !

Meisner, in DC. Prodr, xiv. 215, wrongly reduced this species to his

L. brunioides = L. fusciforum, R. Br.

39. L. concinnum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soe. x. 61); branches

terete, purple when dry, glabrous ; young branchlets of the male

540 PROTEACE# (Phillips & Hutchinson). [Zewcadendron.

rather slender, of the female a little stouter ; lower leaves 14-1 in.

long, 3-7 lin. broad, oblanceolate or oblanceolate-elliptic, obtuse or

subacute, coriaceous, glaucous, with hairy tips and margins especially

when young, otherwise glabrous ; leaves surrounding the female .

inflorescence about 2} in. long ; male inflorescences scarcely } in. in

diam., subglobose, surrounded by about 2 series of bracts, the latter

2-3 lin. long, ovate, very long-acuminate, acute, glabrous ; floral

bracts 14 lin. long, lanceolate, acute, villous ; perianth-tube } lin. long,

glabrous ; segments 2} lin. long, glabrous ; limb # lin. long, elliptic,

subobtuse, glabrous; anthers } lin. long, linear ; style 2} lin. long,

terete, very slightly narrowing above, glabrous ; stigma 3 lin. long,

clavate ; hypogynous scales } lin. long, linear; young female head

6 lin. long, subglobose ; bracts 11-1} lin. long, 2 lin. broad, ovate

or semicircular, obtuse or rounded at the apex, velvety-tomentose ;

perianth-segments 13 lin. long, slightly imbricate, spathulate-linear,

glabrous ; limb } lin. long, oblong, subacute, incurved at the apex ;

staminodes } lin. long, oblong; hypogynous scales } lin. long,

linear ; style 1} lin. long, swollen and semiterete above, becoming

compressed and linear below, glabrous ; stigma oblique ; ovary 4 lin.

long, ellipsoid, glabrous. Meisn. in DO. Prodr. xiv. 222. L. bueki-

anum, Meisn. l.c. 214, partly, as to spec. Drége, b. L. discolor, Buek

in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 198, partly, as to spec. Drége, b.

L. glabrum, var. obtusatum, Meisn. l.c. 221, partly. Protea concinna,

Poir. Encyel. Suppl. iv. 556.

Var. 8, latifolium (Meisn. 1.c. 223) ; glabrous ; leaves elliptic-oblong, with an

acuminate callus. L. acuminatum, Buek in Dréje, Zwei Pf. Documente, 198.

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Jackalls Vley, Niven! Pakhuis Pass, Bolus,

9076! Leipoldt, 266! Rondegat, Schlechter, 10787! Olifants River, Drege,

2408c, 2 ! Schlechter, 7990! Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountain, Drege, 2408a !

Bosch Kloof, Dréye, 2408b! Var. 8: Vanrhynsdorp Div. ; Gift Berg, Dréze.

We have not seen the variety, which was founded on a fragmentary sterile

specimen in Sonder’s Herbarium.

40. L. decurrens (R. Br. in Trans, Linn. Soc. x. 59); a decumbent

undershrub much branched from the base; branches subterete,

glabrous (rarely thinly pilose, Schlechter, 5227); leaves erect or

suberect, those surrounding the inflorescence longer than those on

the shoot, the latter 1-14 in. long, 2-3 lin. broad, the former

14-14 in. long, 2-3 lin. broad, all oblanceolate or linear-oblanceolate,

contracted at the apex into an obtuse hardened mucro, gradually

narrowed to the base, rigidly coriaceous, glabrous; male inflo-

rescences solitary at the ends of the crowded branchlets, sub-

globose, }-1 in. in diam.; bracts 2 lin. long, ovate, subacute,

glabrous, the inner 3 lin. long, ligulate ; perianth-tube 4 lin. long,

cylindric, glabrous; segments 3 lin. long, linear, glabrous ; limb

1} lin. long, oblong-linear, obtuse, glabrous ; anthers 1} lin. long,

linear ; style 54 lin. long, filiform, villous below ; stigma 4 lin. long,

cylindric; hypogynous scales 3 lin. long, filiform ; female inflo-

Leucadendron.| PROTEACE& (Phillips & Hutchinson). 541

rescence solitary at the apex of each main shoot, with the surround-

ing leaves much attenuated to the base, broadly ovoid, or ovoid-

cylindric, about # in. long and in diam. ; bracts 24-3} lin. long,

transversely oblong or very broadly ovate, obtuse, pubescent below,

ciliate ; perianth-tube 3 lin. long, flattened, pilose ; segments 14 lin.

long, spathulate-linear, glabrous ; limb # lin. long, lanceolate,

obtuse, glabrous ; staminodes } lin. long, linear ; hypogynous scales

} lin. long, linear ; style 34 lin. long, linear, slightly sinuate below,

glabrous ; stigma flat, oblique ; ovary 1 lin. long, ellipsoid, villous.

Meisn. in DC. Prodr, xiv. 220. L. pyramidale, Steud. Nomencl. ed.

ii, 35; Meisn. lc. 228. L. spathulatum, Meisn. Ic. 213, as to

spec. Ludwig. L. glaberrimum, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 111.

Protea pallens, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 53, partly. P. pyramidalis,

Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 135. P. chamelea, Lam. Ill. i. 2371

(teste Meisn.),

South Arrica: withont locality, Brown! Ludwig! Thunberg !

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div. ; near Kromme River, 2900 ft., Bolus, 5785 !

$393 ! Sneeuw Kop, Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 9078! Piquetberg Div. ; Piquet Berg,

Schlechter, 5227 !° Bodkin in Herb, Bolus, 7560! Tulbagh Div. ; Ceres Road,

Schlechter, 8990! 8991! Tulbagh, Pappe! Witzen Berg, Pappe! Worcester Div. ;

between Slangenheuvel, Frenchhoek and Donkerhoek, Dréye! Hex River Valley,

Wolley-Dod, 4042! Caledon Div. ; Zwart Berg, Bowie! George Div. ; on moun-

tains, Bowie !

CrentTRAL Recion: Ceres Div. ; Cold Bokkeveld, Schlechter, 8916!

41. L. glabrum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 60); a shrub;

branches quite glabrous and purplish ; leaves 2-2} in. long, 3-4

lin. broad, oblanceolate, obtuse or subacute, rigid, glabrous, with

indistinct nerves and purplish margins; male heads ovoid-globose,

about } in. in diam., surrounded by a few leaves and fewer glabrous

ciliate bracts ; perianth-tube 1 lin. long, glabrous ; segments # lin.

long, spathulate, glabrous ; limb $ lin. long, oblong-elliptic, obtuse,

glabrous ; anthers } lin. long ; style glabrous; stigma } lin. long,

clavate ; female inflorescence about } in. long and scarcely } in. in

diam., bracteate at the base; involucral bracts ovate, ciliate,

otherwise glabrous ; floral bracts transversely oblong, 1} lin. long,

about 3 lin. broad, glabrous except on the shortly ciliate margin ;

perianth-segments free to the base, 14 lin, long, spathulate-linear,

glabrous ; limb } lin. long, obtuse ; staminodes } lin. long, elliptic ;

style 1} lin. long; stigma lateral, clavate, glabrous ; ovary oblong,

produced at each side into a short point, glabrous; fruiting head

about 2 in. long and 1} in. in diam. ; bracts spreading, truncate,

glabrous ; fruit suborbicular, eompressed, winged, emarginate, 3 lin.

broad, glabrous and shining. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 220, excl.

vars.

Coast Rearon: Caledon Div. ; Klein River Mountains, Zeyher, 3642 !

42. L. minus (Phillips & Hutchinson) ; a shrub about 4 ft. high;

branches ascending; young branchlets terete, densely villous,

542 PROTEACE® (Phillips & Hutchinson). [ Zewcadendron.

almost hidden by the closely overlapping leaves; leaves subequal,

those surrounding the inflorescence becoming bract-like and broaden-

ing at the base, 1-1? in. long, 14-3 lin. broad, linear-oblong or

slightly linear-oblanceolate, acute or subacute at the apex, coriaceous,

longitudinally wrinkled or striate, densely ciliate, otherwise thinly

pubescent; male inflorescence solitary and terminal, quite hidden

by the surrounding bract-like leaves, about 4 lin. in diam., sub-

globose ; floral bracts 14 lin. long, oblong, rounded at the apex,

glabrous, ciliate ; perianth-tube # lin. long, subcompressed, glabrous ;

segments 1 lin. long, spathulate-linear, glabrous ; limb $ lin. long,

linear, obtuse or subobtuse; anthers } lin. long, linear ; style

1} lin. long, filiform, glabrous; stigma } lin. long, clavate ; hypo-

gynous scales } lin. long, filiform ; female inflorescence nearly 3 in,

long, 5 lin. in diam., oblong-ellipsoid ; bracts 14 lin. long, 4 lin.

broad, transversely linear-oblong, rounded above, glabrous ; perianth-

segments 2 lin. long, linear, glabrous ; limb } lin. long, ovate, sub-

obtuse, concave ; staminodes } lin. long, linear ; style 1} lin. long,

linear ; stigma truncate, terminal; ovary } lin. long, oblong, much

compressed. IL. decorum, var. minus, Buek in Drége, Zwei Pf.

Documente, 116, 198. L. pubescens, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 226,

as to prec. syn., not of R. Br.

Var. 8, glabrescens (Phillips & Hutchinson) ; branchlets shortly adpressed-

pubescent ; leaves glabrous or nearly so, except for the shortly pubescent margin.

Coast Recion: Caledon Div. ; tops of the mountains of Baviaans Kloof near

Genadendal, Burchell, 7676! Genadendal, Drége! Var. 8: Caledon Div. ;

Donker Hoek Mountain, Burchell, 8006!

43, L. lanigerum (Buek in Drage, Zwei Pf. Documente, 198) ;

branchlets terete, rather densely pubescent with weak hairs; leaves

subequal in the two sexes, 3-1} in. long, 14-2 lin. broad, narrowly

lanceolate or oblong-linear, obtuse at the apex, rigidly coriaceous,

thinly pilose, at length nearly glabrous ; male inflorescences solitary

and terminal, surrounded by several leaves, $—} in. in diam., sub-

globose ; bracts # lin. long, elliptic, obtuse, villous ; perianth-tube

1 lin. long, cylindric, glabrous; segments 1} lin. long, spathulate-

linear, glabrous; limb # lin. long, oblong, subacute, glabrous ;

anthers 3 lin. long, linear; style 2} lin. long, cylindric, glabrous ;

stigma } lin. long, clavate, subacute ; hypogynous scales } lin. long,

linear ; female inflorescences solitary at the apices of branchlets

which arise from below the old persistent heads, nearly hidden by

the surrounding leaves, about the same size and shape as the male ;

bracts 14 lin. long, 2} lin. broad, subquadrangular, tomentose;

perianth-segments 1} lin. long, linear, glabrous ; limb } lin. long,

oblong-ovate, obtuse ; staminodes } lin. long, linear ; hypogynous

scales } lin. long, linear ; style 1} lin. long, linear, widened above ;

stigma oblique ; ovary } lin. long, subglobose, compressed, with a

broad marginal wing. “Meisn, in DO. Prodr. xiv. 222 (by error

lanigenum). L. floridum, Drége ex Meisn. l.c., not of R. Br.

Leucadendron.| PROTEACE# (Phillips & Hutchinson), 543

Var. 8, levigatum (Meisn. l.c.) ; branches shortly pubescent ; leaves glabrous or’

nearly so, except when quite young. L. heterophyllum, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei

Pf. Documente, 114, 198, L. rubricallosum, Buek in Dréye, Zwei PA. Doeumente,

198. L. xmulum, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb, xxvii. 113, not of R. Br. :

Coast Recion: Paarl Div. ; between Mosselbanks River and Berg River,

Burchell, 978! Paarl Mountain, Dréye! Stellenbosch Div. ; between Lowrys Pass

and Jonkers Hoek, Burchell, 8310! Var. 8: Tulbagh Div. ; Mosterts Hoek,

Pappe! Mitchells Pass, Bolus, 5227! Ceres Road, Schlechter, 8971! 8972?

Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Dréye, d!

CenTRAL Recion: Var. 6: Ceres Div.; between Hex River Mountains and

the Warm Bokkeveld, Dé ye !

44. L. crassifolium (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 66) ; branches

glabrous, glaucous; leaves 24-3) in. long, 1? in. broad at the

widest part, obovate, rounded at the apex, narrowed to the base,

coriaceous, glabrous ; female head (in damaged condition) almost

hidden by the upper leaves. Meisn. in DO. Prodr. xiv. 226.

Protea crassifolia, Poir. Encyel. Suppl. iv. 557.

Soutu Arrica: without locality, Masson !

45. L. spathulatum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 54) ; branches

glabrous, purplish ; leaves 14-2} in. long, 4—7 lin. broad, falcate,

spathulate-oblanceolate, obtuse or subacute, attenuated to the base,

with a narrow cartilaginous margin, glabrous, with indistinct

nerves ; male heads about 8 lin. long, globose, surrounded at the

base by a few imbricate ovate subacuminate slightly acute glabrous

ciliate bracts ; perianth-limb 1} lin. long, obtuse, glabrous ; anthers

1 lin. long; stigma clavate; female heads (in fruit) subglobose,

1}-14 in. in diam. ; involucral bracts lanceolate, subacute, up to

4 in. long, glabrous except on the ciliate margin ; floral bracts very

broadly ovate, densely rusty-villous in the lower part, with

glabrous tips and margin ; perianth-tube 2} lin. long, membranous,

glabrous ; segments 64 lin. long, villous in the lower half; limb

1 lin. long, elliptic, obtuse, glabrous; staminodes } lin. long,

oblong; style 43 lin. long, bifid at the apex, glabrous; fruit.

transversely ellipsoid, not winged, 2? lin. long, 3 lin. broad, slightly

pilose. E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pf. Documente, 77,199, partly, as to

spec. Drége,b; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 213, partly, exel. spec.

Ludwig. Protea mutica, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 555.

. Sourn Arrica: without locality, Nelson! Thunberg! Roxburgh !

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div.; Jackals Vley, Niven! Tulbagh Div. -

Witzen Berg, Zeyher, 1454! Pappe! between New Kloof and Elands Kloof,

Drége, b!

46. L. pseudospathulatum (Phillips & Hutchinson) ; branchlets:

slightly suleate, glabrous; leaves 1-1} in. long, 5-7 lin. broad,

obovate or oblanceolate, rounded to a subacute apex, narrowed to

and trinerved at the base, rigidly coriaceous, glabrous on both

surfaces, with a thin cartilaginous margin ; male heads depressed-

544 PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). | Zewcadendron.

globose, about 1 in. in diam., surrounded by an involucre of about

2 series of bracts ; involucral bracts coloured, ovate, subacuminate,

up to 44 lin. long and 3 lin. broad, coriaceous, glabrous except on

the ciliate margin ; floral bracts 4} lin. long, oblong-lanceolate or

linear-lanceolate, subacute, ciliate ; perianth-tube 4 lin. long, villous

above; segments 3 lin. long, glabrous; limb 2 lin. long, linear-

oblong, glabrous ; anthers 14 lin. long, linear ; style 5} lin. long ;

stigma | lin. long; female head subglobose, scarcely 1 in. in diam.

in fruit ; bracts in about 5 series, rusty-villous in the lower half,

glabrous above; fruits transversely ellipsoid, 2 lin. long, 5 lin.

broad, glabrous.

Coast Recon: Clanwilliam Div.; near Honig Valley and on Koude Berg,

Drége (L. concolor), aa! Worcester Div. ; Hex River Valley, Wolley-Dod, 4042 !

47. L. discolor (Buek in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 198,

partly); branches purple, longitudinally sulcate, glabrous ; leaves

1-1} in. long, 5—7 lin. broad, shortly oblanceolate, narrowed to the

base, subobtuse at the apex, rigidly coriaceous, margin somewhat

cartilaginous and shortly tomentose especially when young, those

surrounding the female heads very broad and overlapping, broadly

lanceolate or elliptic, obtuse, about 2 in. long and ? in. broad,

with distinct nerves; male flowers not known; young female

inflorescence not seen ; mature head subglobose or ellipsoid-globose,

about 1} in. in diam. ; bracts about 10-seriate, oblong, rounded at

the apex, 44 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, the lower half of each spreading

and glabrous, the upper part ascending and _hirsute-tomentose

outside, glabrous within ; seeds flattened and _ slightly 3-sided,

winged, broadly obovate, 3 lin. long, 24 lin. broad, black, glabrous.

L. buekianum, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 214, as to spec.

Drége, c. '

Coast Recion: Piquetberg Div. ; Piquet Berg, Drége, 8038c !

48. L. squarrosum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 58);

branches longitudinally wrinkled or sulcate, glabrous or minutely

puberulous ; leaves be in. long, 4-7 lin. broad, oblanceolate,

contracted into a hardened obtuse apex, rigidly coriaceous, very

distinctly nerved, glabrous ; male heads subglobose, about } in. in

diam., at first hidden by overlapping glabrous bracts ; floral bracts

ovate-lanceolate, subacute, } lin. long, } lin. broad, coriaceous, .

glabrous ; perianth-tube } lin. long, glabrous ; segments 2 lin. long,

spathulate, glabrous; limb 1 lin. long, obtuse; anthers linear-

oblong, } lin. long; style 14 lin. long; stigma % lin. long, clavate ;

young female inflorescence ovoid, about } in. long; involucral

bracts glabrous ; floral bracts 2 lin. long, 2? lin. broad, ovate, obtuse,

coriaceous, glabrous ; perianth-tube 1 lin. long, compressed, glabrous ;

segments 1} lin. long, linear, slightly widened at the apex, glabrous ;

limb } lin. long, elliptic, glabrous; staminodes } lin. long ; style

2 lin. long, gradually narrowed to the base, glabrous ; stigma some-

Leucadendron.| PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). 545

what flattened, minutely bifid at the apex ; ovary } lin. long, sub-

orbicular ; fruiting head oblong-cylindric, about 2 in. long and

1} in. in diam. ; bracts glabrous or nearly so; fruit compressed,

obovate, emarginate, about 3 lin. long and 3} lin. broad, winged,

glabrous. Meisn. in DOC. Prodr. xiv. 219. L. decorum, var.

zeyherianum, Meisn. l.c. 218, partly, as to part of Zeyher, 3635.

Protea arcuata, Lam. Ill. i. 234, exel. var. 8% P. obliqua a, Poir.

Encycl. v. 642% excl. syn. Thunb., Linn. & Boerh. P. strobilina,

Linn. Mant. alt. 192, ea Brown, l.c., not of Thunb.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Niven! Ludwig! Brown! Forster! Hooker |

Roxburgh!

Coast Reaion: Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drége! Caledon Div. ; Donker

Hook Mountain, Burchell, 7987 ! mountains near Grietjes Gat, Zeyher, 3635 !

49. L. retusum (R.Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 53); branchlets

terete, shortly tomentellous ; leaves 1-14 in. long, 4—54 lin. broad,

oblanceolate, rounded’ and retuse at the apex, thinly and rigidly

coriaceous, prominently veined, slightly glaucous, glabrous; male

flowers not known ; female fruiting head a little over 1 in. in diam.,

broadly ovoid, surrounded by several leaves narrowed to the base ;

bracts densely rusty-villous in the lower, tomentellous in the upper

half ; perianth-tube 3 lin. long, globose, membranous, glabrous ;

segments 3} lin. long, linear, with a single furrow, villous in the

lower part, becoming glabrous above; limb } lin. long, oblong,

obtuse, glabrous ; staminodes } lin. long, linear; style 2 lin. long,

filiform, glabrous ; stigma ? lin. long, linear, unequally bifid at the

apex ; fruit 34-4 lin. long, broadly obovoid, glabrous. E. Meyer in

Drége, Zwei Pf. Documente, 97, 198 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 213.

Protea retusa, Poir. Encyel. Suppl. iv. 555.

Coast Recion: Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountain, Drége, a! Piquetberg Div. ;

Twenty-four Rivers, Roxburgh, 3!

50. L. ovale (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 59); a shrub;

branches terete, shortly tomentose ; leaves 14-2 in. long, 1-1} in.

broad, those around the inflorescence a little longer, obovate or

obovate-elliptic, rounded to an obtuse callous apex, rigidly coria-

ceous, very minutely papillose all over, otherwise glabrous, with

about 5 distinct ascending nerves; male heads not known; female

heads nearly hidden by the surrounding leaves, ellipsoid-globose,

1} in. long, 1} in. in diam, ; floral bracts 5 lin. long, 4 lin. broad,

ovate, subacute, pubescent on the outside; perianth-tube 4 lin.

long, ventricose at the base, pubescent ; lobes 14 lin. long, glabrous ;

limb $ lin. long, ovate, obtuse, glabrous ; staminodes } lin. long,

linear ; style 34 lin. long ; stigma slightly bifid at the apex ; ovary

about 1 lin. in diam., orbicular; fruits winged. Meisn. in DC.

Prodr. xiv. 219, excl. var. L. rubrum, Burm. f. Fl. Cap. Prodr. 4,

name only. Protea strobilina, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 54; Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 136, not of Linn. Conocarpodendron ; acaulon ; folio rigido,

etc., Boerh. Ind. Alt. Pl. Hort. Lugd. Bat. ii. t. 201.

VOL. V.—SECT, I. 2N

546 PROTEACES (Phillips & Hutchinson). [Lewcadendron.

Sour Ar¥rica: without locality, Thunberg!

Coast Recton: Caledon Div. ; in the valley of the Palmiet River, near

Grabouw, 700 ft., Bolus, 5528! © ;

On Thunberg’s sheet of P. strobilina there are two species ; the right-hand

specimen is the true plant and evidently the one described ; the left-hand one is

L. spathulatum, R. Br.

Protea lenta, Salisbury, Prodr. 50, is according to the author possibly identical

with Protea strobilina, Thunb. ; the description, however, is too incomplete to

decide the point.

51. L. decorum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 58) ; branchlets

terete, softly tomentose or pubescent ; leaves subequal in the two

sexes, 3-21 in. long, 2-9 lin. broad, oblong-lanceolate or very

slightly oblanceolate, contracted into a hardened subacute apex,

rigidly but rather thinly coriaceous, ciliate, with a distinct midrib

and several ascending lateral nerves; male inflorescence solitary,

terminal, surrounded by several leaves, up to } in. long, 6-7 lin. in

diam., ellipsoid-cylindric, longer than broad ; bracts 13-2 lin. long,

oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, densely villous ; perianth-tube 13-2 lin.

long, glabrous; segments 1? lin. long, spathulate-linear, glabrous ;

limb 2-1 lin. long, oblong, obtuse, glabrous ; anthers 4 lin.

long, linear; style 23 lin. long, terete above, flattened below,

glabrous ; stigma # lin. long, clavate, minutely bifid; hypogynous

scales 1 lin. long, filiform; female inflorescence similar to the

male; bracts 3 lin. long, 2} lin. broad, ovate, obtuse or subacute,

hairy in the lower part, ciliate ; perianth-segments 2% lin. long,

deeply channelled, glabrous or villous on the middle part of the

keel ; limb } lin. long, ovate, concave, obtuse, glabrous ; staminodes

1. lin. long, oblong; style 1? lin. long, linear, widened above,

glabrous ; stigma oblique; ovary } lin. long, oblong, glabrous ;

hypogynous scales } lin. long, linear ; fruiting head ellipsoid-

cylindric, about 2 in. long and 1} in. in diam. ; bracts about

20-seriate, broadly-obovate, shortly: and somewhat rusty-pubescent

on the outside ; fruits flattened, elliptic, winged, about 2} lin. long

and 1} lin. broad, glabrous. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 218,

including vars. Protea laureola, Lam. Ill. i. 234; Poir. Encyel.

v. 641. P. venosa, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 134, not of Lam.

P. venulosa, Steud. Nomencl. ed. 2, ii. 401 ; Meisn. lc. 247. P. mar-

ginata, Willd. ex Meisn. I.c, 218. Euryspermum grandiflorum, Salish.

Parad. 105%

SoutH AFRICA: wi i !

prot tae pe x ponee locality, Hooker! Armstrong! Pappe! Thunberg !

Coast Recron: Cape Div. ; Mountains and Flats near Cape Town ; Masson !

Brown! Burchell, 290! 768! 8586! Ecklon, 44! Drége! Schmieterlich, 190!

Wolley-Dod, 1789! Bolus, 3737! Tyson, 2982! Caledon Div. ; Grietjes Pass,

Zeyher, 3635 partly! Grabouw, Bolus, 4203! Baviaans Kloof, near Genadendal,

Burchell, 7846!

52. L. concolor (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 58); branches

lax-villous ; leaves 14-24 in. long, }—} in. broad, oblanceolate oF

obovate-oblanceolate, obtuse at the apex, narrowed to the base,

Lewadendron.| PROTEACE# (Phillips & Hutchinson). 547

coriaceous, densely villous along the margins, prominently nerved ;

male heads subglobose, }—1 in, in diam., surrounded by a rosette of

leaves and a few ciliate but otherwise glabrous bracts ; floral bracts

2 lin. long, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, villous ; perianth-tube 2 lin.

long, cylindric, glabrous; segments 1} lin. long, spathulate-linear,

glabrous; limb 1 lin. long, oblong, obtuse; anthers % lin. long,

linear-oblong; style 3 lin. long, filiform; stigma } lin. long,

clavate, minutely bifid; young female inflorescence not seen; old

female head subglobose, about 2 in. in diam. ; bracts reflexed,

leathery, tomentose outside; fruit obovoid, slightly flattened,

truncate at the top, 34 lin. long and broad, black, smooth, glabrous

except for a ring of rust-coloured hairs around the base. Meisn.

in DC. Prodr. xiv. 219, excl. vars. and Zeyher 3636. Protea

arcuata B, Lam. Il.i. 234. P. globosa, Andr. Bot, Rep. t. 307 ; Bot.

Mag. t. 878. P. strobilina, Don ea Steud. Nomencl. ed. 2, ii. 401,

fide Meisn. l.c.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Masson !

Coast Recion: Cape Div. ; Kasteels Berg, Wolley-Dod, 1786! Table Mountain,

Bolus, 2910; Kommetjes, Galpin, 4447! Uitenhage Div. ; Van Stadens Berg,

Zeyher, 3638 !

53. L. venosum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 59); a shrub

about 4 ft. high ; branchlets terete, softly villous-tomentose ; leaves

oblanceolate, with a subacute callous apex, narrowed to the base,

14-3} in. long, 4-7 lin. broad, thinly coriaceous, often a little

glaucous, glabrous, distinctly trinerved from above the base ; male

heads with a distinct involucre of 2—3-seriate bracts, depressed-

globose, about 1 in. in diam. ; involucral bracts broadly ovate, the

outer shortly cuspidate, all coloured and glabrous, up to 4 in. long ;

perianth-tube glabrous, 4 lin. long ; segments linear, 24 lin. long,

} lin. broad, glabrous ; anthers 14 lin. long, linear ; style linear,

glabrous ; female heads when young very similar to the male ;

bracts 3 lin. long, 6 lin. broad, very broadly triangular-ovate,

glabrous in the upper part, with a dense fringe of rust-coloured

hairs in the lower part ; perianth-tube 3 lin. long, villous, glabrous

at the base; lobes 1 lin. long, linear, glabrous; staminodes } lin.

long, linear ; style 3 lin. long, narrowed to the base ; stigma bifid ;

ovary 1} lin. long, obovoid, glabrous ; hypogynous scales 2 lin. long,

linear ; fruiting head ovoid-globose, about 14 in. long and 2 in. in

diam. ; bracts 4 in. long, nearly ? in. broad at the base, densely

rusty-villous in the lower half; fruit boat-shaped, 24 lin. long,

4 lin. broad, about 24 lin. thick across the top, glabrous except

for a ring of yellow hairs around the base. Mezsn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 220.

Var. 8, oblongifolium (Meisn. l.c.) ; leaves 14-2 in. long, about 3 in. broad,

obovate-oblong, with a small subacute. mucro at the apex; male heads globose ;

bracts glabrous, scarcely ciliate ; perianth-tube sparsely pilose ; segments glabrous.

Protea coriacea, Willd. ex Meisn, l.c.

SourH AFRICA: without locality, Roxburgh ;

Coasr Rearon : Tulbagh Div. ; Witzen Berg, Pappe! near betty prers

oe N

548 pROTEACEA: (Phillips & Hutchinson). [| Zewcadendron.

2255! Tulbagh Waterfall, Schlechter, 9010! $011! Phillips, 526! New Kloof,

Burchell, 9971! Stellenbosch Div. ; Lowrys Pass, Burchell, 8206! Bolus, 5554!

Hottentots Kloof, Pearson, 4905! 4923! Caledon Div. ; Zwart Berg, MacOwan,

Herb, Austr.-Afr., 1521! Houw Hoek, Ludwig! Var. B: Caledon Div. ; Little

Houw Hoek, Zeyher, 3637 !

54. L. daphnoides (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 226) ; branches

terete, densely and softly pubescent ;. leaves 13-2} in. long, 4-7

lin. broad, lanceolate, contracted at the apex into an obtuse mucro,

coriaceous, densely and softly pubescent on both surfaces or nearly

glabrous, with 2-3 distinct lateral nerves on each side of the

midrib ; male inflorescence solitary, terminal, depressed-globose,

about 14 in. in diam., surrounded by leaves broadened at the base,

and about 2 series of broad mucronate imbricate bracts ; floral

bracts about 4 in. long, 1} lin. broad, spathulate-oblanceolate, acute,

glabrous within, tawny-villous in the lower half on the outside,

long ciliate in the lower three-fourths ; perianth-tube 3 lin. long,

narrowly obconic, sparingly pilose; segments 3 lin. long, linear ;

limb 24 lin. long, linear, obtuse, glabrous ; anthers 2 lin. long,

linear; style about 5 lin. long, terete, sparingly pubescent below ;

stigma not seen ; female inflorescence solitary, terminal, surrounded

by numerous coloured overlapping leaves, a little over | in. in

diam., subglobose ; bracts 7 lin. long, ovate, acute, densely pilose

with long hairs below, glabrous above ; perianth-tube 5 lin. long,

compressed, very densely pilose ; lobes 21 lin. long, spathulate-

linear, villous below; limb 1 lin. long, linear, obtuse, glabrous ;

staminodes } lin. long, linear ; style 7 lin. long, terete, gradually

thickening above, glabrous; stigma deeply 2-lobed. L. concolor,

vars. insigne and lanceolatum, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 219. L.

grandiflorum, Buek in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Docwmente, 198, not of R. Br.

L. retusum, Drége, fide Meisn. l.c., not of R. Br. Protea daphnoides,

Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 134.

Sour AFrica : without locality, Thunberg! Ludwig !

Coast Region: Paarl Div.; Paarl Mountain, Drége, 586b! French Hoek,

MacOwan, Herb. Norm, Austr.-Afr. 906! 907!

55. L. grandiflorum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 59) ; a shrub

about 4 ft. high, erect; branchlets softly tomentose or pubescent ;

leaves 1-2} in. long, 5-10 lin. broad, those surrounding the in-

florescence attaining 3 in. long, all oblanceolate, constricted into an

obtuse apex, distinctly 3-5-nerved from near the base, coriaceous,

glabrous ; male inflorescence depressed-globose, 14-2 in. in diam.,

surrounded by an involucre of 5-6-seriate closely imbricate

coloured bracts; involucral bracts broadly ovate, glabrous ; floral

bracts 44-6 lin. long, linear, obtuse, glabrous ; perianth-tube 6 lin.

long, cylindric, glabrous ; lobes 34 lin. long, linear, glabrous ; limb

3 lin. Jong, oblong-linear, obtuse ; anthers 24 lin. long, linear ;

style 5 lin. long, glabrous ; stigma bifid ; female inflorescence nearly

hidden by the surrounding leaves, about 14 in. long and 1} in. in

diam., ovoid or ellipsoid; bracts 5 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, ovate,

Leucadendron.| PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). 549

subacute, pubescent outside; perianth-tube 4 lin. long, cylindric

above, ventricose at the base, thinly rusty-pubescent ; lobes 1} lin.

long, glabrous; limb 4 lin. long, oblong-ovate, obtuse, glabrous;

staminodes } lin. long, linear ; style 34 lin. long; stigma bifid ;

ovary about | lin. long and 3 lin. broad, flattened, elliptic, thinly

pilose ; fruits not seen. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 219. L. ciliatum,

E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pf. Documente, 116, 198. . L. concolor,

Meisn. 1.c., partly, as to Zeyher, 3636. LL. concolor, var,? ciliatum,

Meisn, lc. L. rugosum, Meisn. l.c. 227. Protea rugosa, Thunb. Fl.

Cap. ed. Schult. 135. P. decora, Salisb. Prodr. 50 (teste Meisn.).

P. ciliata, Desf. Tabl. ed. ii. 45 (name only).

Sour Arrica: without locality, Thunberg! Masson! Brown! Zeyher! Drége |

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div.; New Kloof, Burchell, 997! Caledon Div. !

Donker Hook Mountain, Burchell, 7984! Houw Hoek Mountains, Zeyher, 3636 !

Bot River, Burchell, 937! Genadendal, Drége ! Baviaans Kloof, near Genadendal,

Burchell, 7869! Uitenhage Div. ; between Maitland River and Van Stadens River,

Burchell, 4647 !

Imperfectly known species.

56. L. angustatum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 54); a shrub ;

branches straight, glabrous ; leaves few, erect, 8-9 lin. long, 1} lin.

broad, linear-spathulate, obtuse, glabrous ; inflorescence subglobose ;

scales ovate, the outer broader; perianth plumose ; fruit the size of

a vetch seed, smooth, compressed, clothed with short indumentum.

Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 214, incl. var. latifolium. L. lineare, Steud.

Nomenel. ed. 2, ii. 34% Protea linearis, Houtt. Handi. iv. 116, t. 19,

Jig. 2%; B. Br. Le. 217.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Masson.

Known to us only from Brown’s description ; the type specimen does not

appear to be in existence, but the figure of Protea fusciflora, which Brown

thought was a variety of L. angustatum, is referred by us to L, fusciflorum,

R. Br.

57. L. caudatum (Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 115); branches

purple, hairy ; leaves 2 in. long, 6 lin. broad, lanceolate, with a

callus at the apex, softly hirsute. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 698.

SourH Arrica: described by Link from a cultivated plant.

58. L. empetrifolium (Gandog. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. xlviii.

p. xeviii.) ; erect; branches puberulous ; leaves imbricate, 3 lin.

long, “ ovate-linear,” dilated. at the base, shortly narrowed to and

mucronulate at the apex, glabrous; heads 3-3} lin. in diam.,

sessile, globose ; floral bracts ovate-cuspidate, tomentellous outside ;

corolla-tube shortly grey-pubescent ; stigma ovate, acute.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Drége.

59. L. humifusum (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pf. Documente,

64, 118, 198); branches purplish, glabrous ; leaves 1}-2} in. long,

550 PROTEACE# (Phillips & Hutchinson). [| Zewcadendron.

6-9 lin. broad, oblong-oblanceolate, obtuse at the apex, slightly

narrowed to the base, rather thinly and rigidly coriaceous, somewhat

glaucous, glabrous, with 5 more or less distinct ascending nerves ;

’ male heads with an involucre of about 8 series of purple-coloured

bracts ; involucral bracts 5-6 lin. long, 44-5 lin. broad, oblong-

ovate, glabrous and shining on both surfaces ; floral bracts ob-

lanceolate, about 34 lin. long, glabrous ; perianth-tube 3} lin. long,

cylindric, glabrous ; segments 3 lin. long, linear, subobtuse, scarcely

differentiated into a limb, glabrous; anthers 2 lin. long; style

and stigma not seen; female flowers not present. L. ovale, var.

humifusum, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 220.

Loeality uncertain, but either :—

Coast Reaton : Caledon Div. ; Donker Hoek and Ezelsjagt Mountains, Drége ! or

CENTRAL Reaion: Prince Albert Div. ; Great Zwart Bergen, Drége !

The specimens at Kew are very fragmentary.

60. L.? involucratum (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 228) ; leaves

linear-lanceolate, acute and somewhat oblique at the apex, narrowed

to the base, glabrous ; heads sessile, small, tomentose ; bracts ovate-

oblong, acuminate, concave, glabrous, somewhat coloured at the

base ; bracts of the fruiting-head villous. Protea involucrata,

Lichtenst. ex Spreng. Syst. i. 457. Leucospermum? involucratum,

Roem. & Schult. Syst. iii, 363.

Coast Reaion: Cape Div. ; Steen Berg, Lichtenstein. -

61. L. marginatum (Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 115) ; leaves

lanceolate, acute, narrowed to the base, glabrous, with silky-pilose

margins ; heads surrounded by lanceolate whitish-yellow leaves ;

bracts pilose ; corolla glabrous. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 228.

Protea marginata, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. Suppl. 7. P. ciliaris,

Hort. ex Roem. & Schult. Syst. iii. 356, and P. ciliata, Breit. Hort.

Breit. 380, fide Meisn. Ic. Leucospermum marginatum, Spreng.

Syst. i. 464,

Sourn Arrica: described by Link from a cultivated plant.

From the description this is very probably identical with L. decorum, R. Br. —

62. L. sessile (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 54); branches

pubescent ; leaves 13-2} in. long, 5-7 lin. broad, lanceolate,

subobtuse, subdistinctly veined, glabrous ; old female head 2 in.

long ; bracts deeply concave, villous. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv.

214. Protea (Leucadendron sessile), Poir, Encycl. Suppl. iv. 557.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Masson !

Brown's type is very imperfect and consists of an old female head and a few

eaves.

63. L. callosum (Hoffmgg. Verz. Pf, 72). Protea callosa, Wendl.

ex Steud. Nomencl. ed. 2, ii. 399, name only,

South Arrica: formerly cultivated,

Leweadendron.| PROTEACEH (Phillips & Hutchinson). 551

64. L. flavescens (Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 115). Protea

Jlavescens, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. Suppl. 7, name only.

SoutH Arrica : formerly cultivated at Berlin.

65. L. cuneiforme (Burm. f. Fl. Cap. Prodr. 4); the leaves are

described as tricuspidate, so the plant evidently does not belong to

this genus ; it may be a Leucospermum.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Burmann.

66. L. filamentosum (Burm. f. Fl. Cap. Prodr. 4) ; leaves ovate-

lanceolate, imbricate, glabrous ; heads terminal ; stamens very long,

persistent.

Soutn Arrica :;, without locality, Burmann.

67. L. glomiflorum (Knight, Prot. 59) ; a low decumbent shrub

with slender. branches ; leaves 1-14 in. long, 14-2 lin. broad, linear-

lanceolate, often falcate, quite entire, slightly pubescent when old ;

heads of flowers large, upon rather long peduncles.

Coast Reaion: Caledon Div. ; Great Houw Hoek, Niven.

This is very probably a species of Leucospermum.

68. L.? glutinosum (Hutchinson) ; a stout shrub ; leaves 14-2 in.

long, about 3 lin. broad in the males and 5 lin. in the females,

spathulate-elliptic, obtuse, not quite smooth when old, especially the

lower ones; bracts glutinous, bearded externally towards the base ;

female flowers only a little exserted. Protea glutinosa, Knight,

Prot. 27.

Coast Reaion : Piquetberg Div. ; Twenty Four Rivers, Niven.

Known only from Knight’s description; the plant referred to by him is

evidently a species of Leucadendron and it may be identical with Z. spathulatum,

R. Br., which is found on the neighbouring Witzenberg Range.

69. L. gnaphaliifolium (Knight, Prot. 60) ; a tall shrub 7-8 ft.

high ; leaves 8-10 lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad, elliptic-lanceolate,

generally quite entire, with a narrow callous apex, exceedingly

pubescent, slightly nerved ; stigma broadly conical.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Niven ?

70. L. gracile (Knight, Prot. 59) ; stem decumbent ; leaves

4-7 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad, distant from one another, linear,

entire, pubescent ; bracts short ; style narrow.

_ Coast Rearton: Caledon Div. ; Klein River, Niven.

71. L. inflexum (Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 115). Protea

infleca, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. Suppl. 7, name only.

Sourn Arrica : formerly cultivated at Berlin.

72. L. polifolium (Burm. f. Fl. Cap. Prodr. 4); leaves ovate,

obtuse, pubescent.

Souru AFrica: without locality, Burmann.

552 PROTEACE& (Phillips & Hutchinson). [Zeucadendron.

_ 73. L. polygaloides (Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 115). Protea

polygaloides, Willd. Enum. Suppl. 7, name only.

Soutu Arrica: formerly cultivated at Berlin.

_ 74, L. splendens (Burm. f. Fl. Cap. Prodr., 4); leaves lanceolate,

acuminate, glabrous ; head foliaceous.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Burmann.

75. L. undulatum (Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 115, name only).

SoutH Arrica: formerly cultivated at Berlin.

IV. PROTEA, Linn.

Flowers hermaphrodite, zygomorphic. Perianth tetramerous,

tubular in bud, slender, more or less widened towards the base,

early divided into an anticous (abaxial) segment with a long very

slender claw and a narrow oblong or linear limb and a posticous

(adaxial) portion, consisting of the fused posticous and lateral

segments, their claws forming a long anteriorily open sheath and

their limbs a linear to oblong, concave or subtubular, equally or

unequally 3-lobed lip, the lobes being either short, tooth-like or

produced into slender often filiform awn-like and very hairy

processes, the whole perianth variously hairy or glabrous. Anthers

‘sessile or subsessile, inserted low down on and shorter than the

-perianth-limbs, linear, rarely oblong ; tip of connective produced

into a small fleshy gland. Hypogynous scales 4, free, variously

shaped, rarely absent. Ovary covered with long hairs ; style rigid,

straight or curved, terete or laterally compressed, sometimes

_bulbously thickened at the base or with a glandular (?) depression

on the inner (adaxial) side, glabrous or hairy; stigma slender,

mostly finely grooved, gradually passing into the style or suddenly

bent or kneed at the junction with the style. Ovule 1, sublaterally

attached, subpendulous, anatropous. Nut densely bearded, crowned

by the persistent style.

Small trees, shrubs or acaulescent i ith glabrous or hairy stems ;

leaves alternate, coriaceous, entire, ty ce pesos pees in many-dowered,

sessile or subsessile, terminal or lateral, usually solitary heads, enclosed in an

involucre of numerous imbricate, coriaceous to scarious, glabrous or hairy, some-

times bearded, variously coloured bracts ; receptacle flat, convex or conical,

bearing numerous short, persistent, free or coalescent pales.

DistriB. Mostlyin the south-western parts of Cape Colony, but also extending

northwards into tropical Africa, few north of the equator, Species about 100,

The working out of the genus P; i icular difficulties owi

to the great naneel of evenly Ganrhed weeie eat the scanty material

in the herbaria, A considerable number of Proteas were introduced into culti-

vation in Europe at the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th centuries.

Not a few of them were figured when they came into flower, the plates

generally be’ng accompanied by the most meagre and vague descriptions ;

others were only briefly described from the cultivated specimens, whilst usually

no specimens were preserved or only fragments, and even these have been lost

in many cases, Interest in those plants soon waned, and with it the plants dis-

appeared from the gardens, Nor were many of them collected again, and for —

Protea. | PROTEACE (Stapf). 553

all we know, they may have become extinct. At the same time there is some

chance of finding them again, and they have therefore been put on record and

described as fully as possible from the plates. Another source of difficulty is

the apparent variability of the vegetative parts of the plants. This is borne out

in a few cases by the material in the herbaria, and in the others by the collectors’

notes. In such instances it has been possible to connect extreme forms, differ-

ing in their habit or in the shape and size of their leaves ; but in others similarly

divergent forms were treated as specifically distinct, as it was considered inexpedient

to reduce them on purely hypothetical grounds. The species group themselves

quite naturally round certain forms as centres, or they stand rather isolated, as

e.g. P. mellifera, These relationships have found expression in the creation of

a number of sections. Some of them will possibly be found to overlap or to

run into each other when more material is available and a closer examination

of the structure of the flower and fruit is possible. The sections are therefore

in a sense provisional, at least in their limitation. :

Synopsis or SECTIONS.

A. Small trees, shrubs or undershrubs with a distinct overground stem (see 62,

P. cynaroides and 44, P. tena) ; heads always terminal.

Heads large 4-8 (rarely 3) in. long; inner involucral

bracts exceeding or equalling the flowers ; perianth-

lip 8-awned, awns 3-15 lin, long, villous or woolly:

Leaves sessile :

Inner involucral bracts with usually broad rounded

_ tips fringed with a long villous whitish,

fulvous or deep-purple to black beard ce I. Speciosz.

Inner involucral bracts with a long claw and an

oblong or oblanceolate, obtusely pointed,

shortly villous or glabrous limb dew ae If. Liautata.

- Inner involucral bracts not clearly differentiated

into limb and claw, glabrous ... a as ALL, MRLLIFERE,

Leaves long petioled ; involucral bracts acute, tomen-

- tellous allover... ie ea jy --. VIII, CynarormpEZ,

Heads medium-sized to small, rarely up:to 4 in. long ;

inner involucral bracts equalling, or shorter than,

the styles, or if exceeding them, then the heads

small; perianth-lip 3-toothed, teeth rarely exceed-

sas ¥ as

tends medium-sized, 24-4 in. long ; involucral bracts

silky-tomentose or finely silky-pubescent, rarely

nearly glabrous ; flowers (or styles) 14 to over

3 in. long, exserted from the involucre or equal-

ling it; perianth-lip 5-9 lin. long, glabrous or

Perianth-sheath very slender, soon spirally coiled

up and withdrawn from the long exserted

styles ; lip more or less glabrous apart from

the villously tufted teeth Ae Be oe IV.. EXserTa.

Perianth-sheath firmer, not spirally coiled up ;

lip villous or pubescent all over Ce ae V. Lasio-

CEPHALA.

‘Heads medium-sized to small, not over 2 in. long,

or if so, then the base contracted into a scaly

stipes ; involucral bracts glabrous or nearly so,

rarely tomentose (41, P. caffra) ; flowers under

1? in. long, exserted from or enclosed in the

f involucre ; perianth-lip 2-5 (rarely up to 6 or 7)

554 PROTEACE (Stapf). [ Protea:

lin. long, glabrous or sparingly hairy, sometimes

with an apical tuft, particularly when young,

rarely permanently pubescent (39, P. convexa) :

Leaves linear to obovate, (4 rarely 4) to 3 in.

broad ; perianth-lip 3-5 (rarely up to 6

or 7) lin, long... oh oes .. VIL Lxto-

CEPHALE.

Leaves narrowly linear to filiform or acicular ;

perianth-lip 2—4 lin. long cS ... VIL. Prnirotia,

B. Main stem underground ; heads on the ground, terminal or lateral at the base

of barren shoots (see also 62, P. cynaroides, and 44, P. tenax).

Heads terminal, solitary :

Heads surrounded by an outer involucre of foliaceous

bracts different in shape from the normal foliage

leaves sos ‘ we os ‘ see

Heads surrounded by normal foliage leaves :

Heads 6-2 in. long; flowers from over 2 to 1 in.

long ; styles gently curved or almost straight,

long-subulate from a linear-lanceolate base,

X. OBVALLATA.

o. oe

gradually passing into the narrow ovary «es. TR, PARAOYNA-

ROIDEE.

Heads 2-1 in. long; flowers 14-1? in. long ; styles

distinctly curved to sickle-shaped, subulate

from a bulbously thickened base__.... ... . XI. Micro-

GEANTHES.

Heads lateral, crowded at the base of barren shoots .... XII. HyPocEPHAL#.

SYNOPSIS OF SPECIES.

$1. Sprcrosm, Heads always terminal, large, 3-6 in. long; inner

involucral bracts elongated, distinctly exceeding the flowers, with usually

broad rounded (sometimes cuspidate or acute in 3, P.barbigera) tips,

fringed with a long dense villous whitish, fulvous, deep-purple or black

beard ; flowers 23-34 in. long, rarely less (11, P. patens) ; perianth-lip

hairy all over or at least at both ends, 3-awned, awns 3-12 lin. long,

mostly more or less villous ; style very gently curved to almost straight,

laterally compressed and linear below, terete upwards, with a more or

less distinct glandular (?) depression at the base on the inner (adaxial)

side ; separated from the subulate stigma by a sudden bend or knee.

Shrubs or undershrubs with a distinct overground stem.

Leaves more than 1 in. wide : ;

Leaves obovate to elliptic with a broad base, 14-3 in.

broad .56° ws fol iss ea ... (1) grandiceps.

Leaves obovate-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 1-14 in.

broad :

Leaves obovate-oblong, obtuse, up to 3 times as long as

as broad ; beard of involucral bracts reddish ... (2) speciosa.

Leaves Abie eryeanyat more than 3 times as long as

broad : :

Outer involucral bracts permanently villous-edged

beards of the inner whitish ; flowers 33 in. long, |

long-villous all along ; lip 1} in. long including :

the flexuous awns which are 1 in. long ++» (3) barbigera.

Outer involucral bracts at length glabrescent ; beards

of the inner deep-purple to black, at least

partly ; flowers 3 in. long, long-villous. only on

the tips ; lip 1 in. long including the straight

awns which are less than } in; long «svi. (4) marginata.

Protea. | PROTEACEA (Stapf). 555

Leaves less than 1 in. wide:

Heads 4-5 in. long ; outer involucral bracts glabrous or

glabrescent :

Stem and leaf-bases (particularly those near the head)

hirsute with long soft hairs ; beards pallid .-- (5) incompta.

Stem and leaves glabrous, or the former tomentellous ;

beards black or purple:

Beard of inner involucral bracts forming a round

apical tuft of long hairs ... oes sas --- (6) comigera.

Beard of inner involucral bracts forming a fringe

along the edges of the tips :

Inner involucral bracts tomentose or villous on

the back inside the long beards:

Inner involucral bracts with black tips and a

black or white beard ie al -» (7) Lepidocarpo-

dendron,

Inner involucral bracts with whitish or pinkish

tips and a black beard cud ey .-» (8) neriifolia,

Inner involucral bracts glabrous or finely pubescent

on the back inside the short beards ... «.. (9) pulchella.

Heads 33-3 in. long; outer involucral bracts pubescent,

hirsute or villous :

Leaves glabrous with the exception of the tomentose

base and the ciliate margin; outer involucral

bracts pubescent or hirsute oe se .-. (10) fulva.

Leaves loosely covered with long hairs all over ; outer

involucral bracts villous on the back and bearded

along the margin... ee ns ap .. (11) patens,

§ 2. Liacunatm. Heads always terminal, large, 4-6 in. lung; inner

involucral bracts exceeding, rarely only equalling, the flowers, with a

long slender claw and an oblong or oblanceolate, obtusely pointed, shortly

villous or glabrous limb ; flowers 24-33 in. long ; perianth-lip tomentose -

to villous all over, 3-awned, awns up to 15 lin. long, tomentose or villous ;

style as in section 1, _Speciose. Shrubs or undershrubs with a distinct

overground stem.

Leaves (excepting sometimes those close to the head)

elliptic to oblong-elliptic, rounded or subcordate at the

base, 14-24 in. broad, 2 to 3 times as long :

Leaves elliptic-cordate ; lateral awns of perianth-lip

10-12 lin. long... ves gi ies ra ... (12) latifolia.

" Leaves ovate to ovate-oblong, uppermost sometimes

eo’ lateral awns of — 5-6

lin. long . wk ... (13) compacta.

Leaves oblanceolate to aie narrowed towards the base,

13 in. broad (rarely slightly pare, more than

times as long :

Leaves 8-21 lin. broad ; awns of perianth-lip 34-9 lin.

long:

Perianth-tube adpressedly silky-pubescent or shortly

tomentose or finely villous:

Flowers 33-33 in. long ; awns 9 lin. long:

leaves broad towards the base to subcordate ;

involucral scales more or less acute ... ... (14) magnifica.

All the leaves narrowed at the base ; involucral

bracts obtuse to rounded at the lips ... +» (15) macrophylla,

556 PROTEACE (Stapf).

Flowers 23-34 in. long ; awns 3-5 lin. long:

Leaves very obtuse to round and .emarginate at

the tips, long attenuated at the base, almost

petioled, 1-1} in. wide oie pat sib

& Leaves subobtuse to subacute or, if obtuse, not

emarginate, 4-1 in. wide, rarely wider :

Leaves linear-oblong, very shortly attenuated at

the base -... . ‘

Leaves oblanceolate, long attenuated at the base: .

‘Outer involucral scales ovate, very: obtuse ;

awns of perianth-lip 2} lin. long, with

purplish villous-tips - acceler

Outer involucral scales ovate-lanceolate, acu-

minate ;awns of perianth-lip 34-4 lin.

long, often spreading hs

Perianth-tube spreadingly villous

Leaves 3-5 lin. broad :

Awns of the long and spreadingly villous perianth-lip

_uptol5lin. long ... ... * eee ahs

Awns of the perianth-lip up to 9 lin. long:

Centre of flower-head umbonate:

Outer involucral bracts with black tips

Outer involucral bracts without. black tips

Centre of flower-head slightly convex oe

| Protea.

(16) obtusifolia.

(17) triandra,

(18) Susanne.

(19) calocephala.

(20) Rouppellie.

(21) longifolia.

(22) ignota.

(23). umbonalis.

(24) ligulefolia.

§3. Metirer®. Heads always terminal, 5 in, long; inner involucral

bracts linear-oblong to broad-linear, not clearly differentiated into limb

and claw, glabrous; flowers about 3 in. long; perianth-lip glabrous,

excepting the bearded awns which are 3 lin. long; style gradually

attenuated from the widened base, slender, subulate, gently curved or

.. flexuous, without a»glandular depression at the base, gradually passing

Only species ,,,

eee

(25) mellifera.

§ 4. Exserrm. Heads terminal, medium-sized to rather large, 24-4 in.

long; inner involucral bracts exceeded by the stigmata, not clawed,

with rounded villous tips, bordered with a short dense silky fringe ;

perianth-sheath very slender, spirally coiled up after flowering and thus

withdrawn from the long exserted styles, lip 3-toothed, more or less

glabrous excepting an apical coma ; styles straight or nearly 80, subulate

from a very slightly broader base, somewhat suddenly attenuated into

the filiform obtuse or capitate stigma, Shrubs or undershrubs.

Flowers over 3 in. long; perianth-lip 8-9 lin. long ;

teeth up to 2 lin. long; stigma very slender,

6 lin. long... see oe Ne soe bee

Flowers up to 2} in, long; perianth-lip 5-7 lin. long;

teeth up to 1 lin. long ; stigma 3 lin. long:

Leaves densely woolly all, over when young ; flowers

scarcely 2 in. long ; style 1$ in. long, including

the stigma... eon’ eee ens eee pee

Leaves never woolly allover; flowers over 2 in. long ;

style 23 in. long, including the stigma:

Style slender ; stigma not capitate _... ae

Style stout ; stigma distinctly capitate ...

- (26) longiftora.

(27) subvestita.

(29) Mundi.

Protea. | PROTEACE (Stapf). 557

§ 5. LastocepHata. Heads terminal, medium-sized, 23-3 in. long;

inyolucral bracts gradually increasing in size inwards, firm, silky-tomen-

tose or finely pubescent, rarely nearly glabrous, inner equalling the

flowers or shorter, densely ciliate or nearly glabrous on the margins ;

flowers 1y 28 in. long ; lip 6-9 lin. long, 3-dentate, villous or pubescent

all over ; styles very slender, subulate from a very slightly widened base,

slightly curved, almost imperceptibly passing into the stigma or separated

from it by a minute bend. Shrubs or undershrubs.

Flowers 2-23 in. long:

Leaves falcate, linear-oblong, long attenuated towards

the base att a oe ap re --» (80) curvata.

Leaves oblong to obovate-oblong or lanceolate, shortly

attenuated or broad at the base, not faleate :

Involucral bracts silky-pubescent only when quite

young ; perianth-lip adpressedly pubescent ... (31) grandiflora.

Involucral bracts more orless permanently silky-pubes-

cent to villous; perianth-lip shaggy-pubescent :

Stem glabrous ... i set yee He +» (82) trigona.

Stem pilose, at least when young. ... cbs +.» (33) abyssinica,

Flowers under 2 in. long:

Branches and leaves pilose, the latter distinctly veined ;

perianth-sheath villous down to the widened base ... (34) hirta.

Branches and leaves glabrous, the latter indistinctly

veined :

Perianth-sheath densely hairy:

Innermost involucral bractsslightly produced beyond .

the preceding series, much shorter than the.

flowers +s ee oes fe vp ‘ee

Innermost involucral bracts much produced beyond

the preceding series, equalling the flowers +» (86) rupicola.

Perianth-sheath glabrous, excepting for a few hairs

towards the lip sale oe ak “t,

(35) Dykei.

ver (87) glabra.

§ 6. LetocerHaL#. Heads terminal, medium-sized to small, not over

2 in. long, or, if so, then the base contracted into a scaly stipes ; in-

volucral bracts gradually increasing in size inwards, firm, glabrous or

nearly so (see 41, P. caffra) ; inner bracts equalling the flowers or shorter,

their tips rounded with glabrous, rarely pubescent, margins ; flowers under

1? in, long ; lip 3-7 lin. long, glabrous or with scanty rigid hairs along

the sides, and more often at the tips, forming a frequently fugacious

tuft, rarely permanently and densely pubescent on the sides and tips

(39, P. convexa) ; styles more or less curved, sometimes strongly so in the

upper part, or sickle-shaped, subulate from a bulbously thickened or

obliquely widened base, with a sudden small bend or gradually passing

into the very slender stigma. Shrubs or undershrubs.

Leaves very glaucous, obovate to obovate-oblong, 3-8 ‘in.

by 14 (rarely 1)-3 in., quite glabrous and smooth :

Perianth-lip. with deciduous brown rigid hairs, gla-

brescent ; perianth-sheath glabrous ... ‘ee a

Perianth-lip permanently whitish-pubescent on the sides

and tips ; perianth-sheath ciliate ... see ++» (39) convexa.

Leaves not glaucous, or, if slightly so, then narrower than

in the preceding a :

Leaves oblong, woolly when young, 2-2} by 2-1 in. ;

perianth-lip glabrous or with a few hairs: on the :

bosthins 18505" se. sik oe i ae +» (40) punetata,

(38) recondita.

558 PROTEACEZ (Stapf). | Protea.

Leaves much narrower in proportion :

Leaves over 3 in. long, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate :

Heads more or less stipitate ; stipes scaly :

Leaves about 1 in. broad :

Involucral bracts tomentose, at length-more or

less glabrous ... te : .-. (41) caffra.

Involueral bracts glabrous or finely pubescent... (42) rhodantha.

Leaves less than 1 in. broad ia bes ... (48) maltibracteata.

Heads rounded at the base :

Upper parts of branches and leaf-bases or the whole

leaves more or less softly hirsute ; leaves very

variable, from obovate to linear-lanceolate,

4-6 in. by 4-2in. ... See ee .-- (44) tenax.

Branches and leaves glabrous :

Leaves oblong to oblanceolate, 3-4 by 1} in.,

witha distinct thin translucent cartilaginous

Leaves oblanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 2-5 in.

by 4 (rarely 4)-3 in., margin not carti-

laginous, or, if so, then usually indistinct

and not translucent :

Heads 23 in. in diam. ; flowers 14 in. long... (46) Flanagani.

Heads 2 in. or less in diam. ; flowers lin. long (47) simplex.

Leaves under 3 in. long, more or less oblanceolate to

linear-oblanceolate :

Perianth-lip 7 lin. long; young heads turbinate-

oblong ; leaves oblanceolate, obtuse .. ..» (48) lanceolata.

Perianth-lip less than 5 lin. long:

Leaves over 2 in. long:

Receptacle slightly convex; leaves subobtuse,

obscurely nerved ; perianth-lip 44 lin. long (49) Doddii.

Receptacle conical, ? in. high; leaves. acute,

distinctly veined ; perianth-lip 3 lin. long (50) Marlothii.

Leaves 2 to less than 1 in. long:

Leaves narrowly oblanceolate, acute, 4 to 6

(45) transvaalensis,

times as long as broad :

Heads erect, about 2in.long —S.... ... (51) effusa.

Heads pendulous, about 14 lin. long .-» (52) pendula.

Leaves broadly oblanceolate, obtuse, 2-3 times __

as long as broad; heads 24 in. long,

PORNO hess. c, won, wee 5 denis: ean CO) SER

§7. Pintrotim. Heads terminal, small, 1-2 in. long; involucral bracts

gradually increasing in size inwards, glabrous or nearly so; inner bracts

exceeding the flowers, their tips rounded, glabrous ; flowers 1 in. long or

less; perianth-lip 2-4 lin. long, 3-toothed, usually glabrous or with

scanty deciduous hairs (see also 55, P. cedromontana), Styles more or

less falcate, compressed-subacute from an obliquely widened base,

gradually or with a minute bend passing into the short slender stigma.

Small shrubs or undershrubs. Leaves narrowly linear to filiform or

needle-shaped.

Leaves linear, 1-2 lin. broad :

Leaves 3-7 in. long:

Leaves green when dry, slightly rough ; perianth-lip

4 lin. long, glabrous, excepting at the tips, sheath

slender oe ee ee aa bes ... (54) canaliculata.

Protea. | PROTEACE-E (Stapf). 559

Leaves somewhat glaucous, smooth ; perianth-lip up

to 2 lin. long, hairy along the margins, sheath

wide ... atk TT ae ihe sa hea

Leaves under 24 in. long:

Heads obovate-oblong when young ; inner involucral

bracts narrowly lanceolate, acutely acuminate;

leaves long and acutely acuminate... oe »-» (56) odorata.

Heads ovoid-globose when young; inner involucra

bracts rounded at the tips; leaves not acuminate :

Leaves acute, mucronate; branches glabrous ;

(55) cedromontana.

perianth-sheath wide... sep pee ++» (57) scolymo-

cephala._

Leaves subobtuse to subacute; branches whitish-

tomentellous above; perianth-sheath very

slender ee Ae “4 ed .-- (58) Harmeri.

Leaves filiform to acicular :

Lowest involucral bracts produced into foliaceous

appendages :

Branches glabrous ; leaves 2-24 in. long va +. (59) pityphylla.

Branches villous; leaves up to 1d in. long... --- (60) witzen-

bergiana.

Lowest involucral bracts not appendaged ; leaves acicular,

pungent, up toZin. long... eee (61) rosacea,

§ 8. CynaromEs. Heads terminal, 5-8 in. long; involucral bracts very

numerous, gradually increasing inwards, acute, whitish-tomentellous all

over; flowers 3 in. long or longer; perianth-lip up to 1 in. long,

3-toothed, tomentose ; style curved in the upper part, compressed and

linear up to the middle, then subulate, passing with a sudden bend into

the subulate stigma. Leaves subrotundate to oblong, long-petioled.

Stem up to 6 ft. high, rarely almost suppressed.

Only species... cat me eee oes oes --- (62) cynaroides,

§ 9. PaRacynarorpEx. Heads large to medium-sized, 6-2 in. long,

sessile, rarely stipitate, surrounded by normal foliage leaves ; flowers 1

to over 2 in. long ; styles gently curved or almost straight, long-subulate

from a linear-lanceolate base, passing gradually or rarely with a sudden

bend into the subulate stigma. Main stem underground with leaf-tufts

and flower-heads close to the ground.

Involucral bracts lanceolate, acutely acuminate, flat, whitish

woolly-tomentose, at length more or less glabrescent

and dark from the base upwards ; leaves attenuated

into long petioles :

Leaves obovate-lanceolate, including the petiole ?-1} ft.

ong:

Head 6-7 in. long; flowers over 2in. long... +» (63) eryophila.

Head 2-3 in. long ; flowers 1-1} in. long... ... (64) Scolopendrium.

Leaves linear-oblanceolate with wavy margins, includin

' the petiole about 4 ft. long; heads up to 2 in. long;

flowers 1 in. long tes sas aie ate --» (65) scabriuscula,

Involucral bracts from ovate to linear-oblong, the innermost

much elongated, acuminate or obtuse, convex on the

back, finely silky-pubescent when young, soon more or

less glabrescent and reddish :

Leves linear up to 3 lin. broad, long attenuated at th

base ; heads 3 in. long aie Ge ae --» (66) aspera,

Leaves stoutly filiform :

Heads 4-5 in. long ; leaves glabrous :

Leaves up to 1 ft. long, smooth ; outer involucral

‘bracts acuminate... re ce ae +s (67) lorea,

560 PROTEACE (Stapf). | Protea.

Leaves up to 2 ft. long, often’ more or less rough ;

outer involucral bracts obtuse sa Se ... (68) repens.

Heads 24-3 in. long ; leaves with long soft hairs... (69) echinulata.

§10. OxsvattaT#. Heads medium-sized, 2-24 in. long, sessile, sur-

rounded by an outer involucre of subsessile ovate to obovate or oblanceolate

leaves, different from the petioled oblanceolate long foliage leaves ; ovary

cylindric passing imperceptibly into the terete subulate and almost

straight style. Stigma subulate, hardly differentiated. Main stem under-

ground with leaf-tufts and flower-heads close to the ground,

Only species ... oe vn ws = ar ... (70) turbiniflora.

§11. MicrocranrHem. Heads medium-sized to small, 2-1}.in. long,

sessile, rounded to turbinate at the base, surrounded by normal foliage

leaves; flowers 3-14 in. long; styles distinctly curved to sickle-shaped,

subulate from a (at least in old flowers) bulbously thickened base.

Stigma subulate, hardly differentiated. Main stem underground with

very short ascending or decumbent leaf- and flower-bearing branches.

Outer involucral bracts not produced into foliaceous

appendages:

Leayes rough with small tubercles; inner involucral

bracts pubescent :

Leaves lorate, long attenuated towards the base, 3-7

lin. broad 4 ce nia oe se ... (71) scabra.

Leaves narrowly linear, 1-2 lin. broad ... hin ... (72) tenuifolia.

Leaves smooth ; involucral bracts glabrous, excepting on

the sometimes ciliate margins :

Leaves obovate to oblanceolate, 1-3 in. broad ; heads -

1-14 in. long wu ae ee verti st

Leaves narrowly oblanceolate to linear, long attenuated

at the base :

Leaves oblanceolate, #—-lin. broad, distinctly veined ;

heads 2 in. long:

Stem glabrous; leaves dull; flowers 9 lin. long ;

perianth-lip 3 lin, long te paar EE

Stem hairy ; leaves more or less glossy ; flowers

14 in. long ; perianth-lip 6 lin. long we» (75) Burehellii.

Leaves narrowly oblanceolate-linear to linear with a

long attenuated base or stoutly filiform-linear,

usually obscurely or not at all veined :

Leaves narrowly oblanceolate-linear to linear, 6-14

lin. broad :

Leaves obscurely (the broadest sometimes more

or less distinctly) veined, slightly glossy

with cartilaginous margins ; heads 14 in.

long; inner involucral bracts somewhat

dong a, OS)

Leaves not veined, dull, glaucous, without car-

tilaginous margins ; heads 1-14 in. long ;

inner involucral bracts broad I CO

Leaves stoutly filiform-linear, canaliculate, terete

below, 1 lin. broad... sea ... (78) revoluta.

Outer involucral bracts produced into foliaceous appendages

resembling the foliage leaves ; these linear to narrow]

oblancevlate, 12-8 in. long, 3-19 lin. broad ... ... (79) montana.

$12. HyrocerHara. Heads crowded at the base of the shoots or

(80, P. humiflora) scattered along the branches, not terminal, 1-2 1n-

(78) acaulis.

’ (74) glaucophylla.

Protea. | PROTEACE& (Phillips & Stapf). 561

long; involucral bracts gradually increasing upwards, shortly pubescent,

the inner equalling or exceeding the flowers, more or less spathulate, tips

ciliate or villous ; flowers less than 1 in. long ; perianth-lip 14-24 lin.

long, glabrous excepting at the tips; style as in the preceding section.

Small shrubs with erect or decumbent branches.

Leaves linear or acicular :

Leaves linear, 1}-2 lin. broad, flat ... we ... (80) humiflora.

Leaves acicular, 4-3 lin. broad:

Leaves 14-2} in. long, decurrent ... — -.» (81) decurrens.

Leaves $-1 in. long, not decurrent a --- (82) acerosa.

Leaves broad and cordate at the base :

Leaves very few, not crowded, broadly ovate or

orbicular, 2-44 by 14-43 in... ve “us

Leaves very numerous and crowded, ovate or ovate-

lanceolate, 1-24 in. by 3-14 in. dai ... (84) amplexicaulis.

(83) cordata.

1. P. grandiceps (Tratt. Thesaur. ed. i. (1805), 5(%), t. 12); a

shrub, 4-5 ft. high ; branches glabrous, rarely with some long hairs

when young ; leaves elliptic, obtuse, slightly narrowed to and often

subcordate at the base, 3}—5 in. long, 14-2 in. broad, coriaceous,

glaucous, with often red cartilaginous margins, prominently veined

above and beneath, glabrous or ciliate with long loose soft hairs

when young; heads sessile, 4} in. long, 4-6 in. in diam. ;

involucral bracts 8-seriate, more or less silky-pubescent, outer ovate-

oblong, obtuse, with glabrous or ciliate margins, inner oblong,

widened at the apex, more or less red or rose-purple with a

white beard 4-5 lin. long, exceeding the flowers ; perianth-sheath

very slender, membranous, 2 in. long, gradually expanded and

faintly 7-nerved and 3-keeled below, rufously hirsute with the

exception of the glabrous base ; lip 9 lin. long, upwards more or less

hirsute and ciliate with long pale hairs, 3-awned, awns glabrous

or nearly so, the lateral 3 lin. long, linear, obtuse, the median

14 lin. long; stamens all fertile; anthers linear, 3 lin. long ;

filaments 4} lin. long, flattened ; apical glands oblong-lanceolate,

4 lin. long; ovary obovoid, covered with long reddish-brown hairs ;

style tapering upwards, 2 in. long, laterally flattened, jointed on

the ovary, but not disarticulating, glabrous; stigma 3 lin. long,

linear, passing abruptly into the style. P. speciosa, Gawl. Recens. 8;

Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1183; Tratt. Thesaur. ed. ii. 1819, 5, t. 12, not of

Linn. ; var. latifolia, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 110. P. coccinea, R. Br. in

Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 77; Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. iii. 343 ; Meisn.

in DC. Prodr. xiv. 230. P. obtusa, Knight ex Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed.

i. 346; Loud. Encycl. Pl. ed. i. 80; Hort. Bett. 2 i,-87.

P. rangiferina, Hort. teste Roem. & Schult. lc. Mant. 263. P. villi-

fera, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t.1023. Erodendrum obtusum, Knight, Prot. 38.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Boos! Forster!

Coast Recion: Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drége! Swellendam Div. ;

Nwellendam, Zeyher! Cape Div. ; Devils Peak, Niven! Ecklon, 651! Table

Mountain, Heklon, 651! Camps Bay, Zeyher, 4682! ;

The involucral bracts are described as scarlet in Salisbury’s herbarium and

shown as rose-coloured or purple with white beards in the plates quoted ; but

VOL. V.—SECT. I. 20

562 PROTEACES (Phillips & Stapf). | Protea.

according to Knight the beard varies to reddish-purple. The Lotanical Magazine

plate (t. 1183) shows, moreover, a black line below the beard.

No copy of the first (incomplete) issue of Trattinick’s Thesaurus, containing

the name, description and figures of P. grandiceps, was accessible to us, But

from the text to t. xii. and the preface of the second edition, it is perfectly clear

that plate xii. was the same in both issues, whilst the name and the description

were cancelled in the second owing to the identification of the plant with

Andrews’ t. 110, which had erroneously been referred to P. speciosa.

2. P. speciosa (Linn. Mant. alt. 191); a bush 3-4 ft. high; branches

finely tomentellous when young, then glabrous, with reddish bark ;

leaves 4-4} in. long, 14-1} in. broad, obovate to oblong-obovate,

obtuse, sometimes subapiculate, stoutly coriaceous, ciliate and

villous at the base, usually at length quite glabrous ; heads sessile,

5 in. long, 3-5 in. in diam. ; involucral bracts 9-1 1-seriate ; outer

ovate-oblong, obtuse, silky pubescent, generally bearded at the apex,

inner much elongated, oblong-spathulate, obtuse, whitish, silky

pubescent or upwards tomentose with a dense reddish-brown beard,

4-5 lin. long; perianth-sheath very slender, membranous, 2} in.

long, gradually dilated and faintly 7-nerved and 3-keeled below,

densely pubescent above the dilated part ; lip 1 in. long, densely

pubescent, villosulous above, 3-awned, lateral awns 5 lin. long,

linear, acuminate, tomentose with penicillate tips; median awn

14 lin. long; stamens all fertile ; anthers linear, 3 lin. long;

filaments 3 lin. long, flattened concave ; apical glands } lin. long,

linear-oblong; ovary 2 lin. long, oblong, covered with numerous

long golden hairs ; style 24 in. long, gently curved, laterally flattened,

somewhat swollen above the ovary, pubescent in the lower third ;

stigma 3 lin. long, linear, suddenly bent at the junction with the

style. Thunb. Diss. Prot. 42, 56, partly; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 139 ;

R. Br. in. Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 78 (excl. the two last synonyms) ;

Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. iii. 343, partly; Meisn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 231, partly ; var. obovata, Meisn, Lc. ; Roupell, Cape Flow. t. 6.

P. barbaia, Lam. Ill. i. 236. P. Lepidocarpodendron, B, Linn. Syst.

ed. xiii. 118. Leucadendron speciosum, Linn. Mant. i, 36 (excl. cit.

Clus.). Erodendrum speciosum, Knight, Prot. 39 with plate. Lepi-

carpodendron folio oblongo, etc., Boerh. Ind. Pi. Hort. Lugd. Bat. ii.

ae . 185. Scolymocephalus foliis longis, etc., Weinm. Phyt. iv. 288, -

Z. ‘

Var. 8, angustata (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 231); leaves 34-5} in. long,

5-12 lin. broad, gradually widening from the base upwards.

Sourn AFrica: without locality, Niven! Oldenburg, 612! Nelson! Var. B:

Zeyher, 3666a partly !

Coast REGION : Clanwilliam Div.; Olifants River, near Brackfontein, Zeyher |

Cape Div. ; Simons Town, Wright, 639! Table Mountain, Thunberg! Brown |

Bolus, 4485! Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, Roaburgh, 38! Caledon

Div. ; Mountains near Hemel en Aarde, Zeyher, 3666a partly! Houw Hoek,

MacOwan in Herb, Austr.-Afr. 1764 partly! Klein River, Arauss, 1042.

Swellendam Div. ; Between Sparrbosch and Tradouw, Drege! Var. B: Bredas- —

dorp Div. ; Koude River, Schlechter, 9610! Caledon Diy. ; Houw Hoek, MacOwan

in Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1764, partly ! Appels Kraal and River Zondereinde, Zeyher,

36668! near Onrust River, Zeyher, 3666! Zwarteberg Kloof, Ludwig, 10!

Protea. | PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). 563

3. P. barbigera (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 233) ; a large bush,

8-9 ft. high ; branches tomentose towards the heads ; leaves sessile,

31-74 in. long, 3-1? in. broad, oblong-lanceolate, acute or subobtuse,

with thickened margins and a prominent midrib, loosely and softly

hairy, particularly towards the base, at length glabrous ; heads

sessile, 5-6 in. long, about 6 in. wide ; involucral bracts 9—10-seriate,

silky pubescent ; outer ovate-oblong, subacute to obtuse, bearded ;

inner oblanceolate-oblong or the innermost narrowed downwards

into a long narrow claw, subacuminate or cuspidate, with a whitish

or (dry) fulvous beard, 2 lin. long, equalling the flowers ; perianth-

sheath 2 in. long, very gradually dilated and 7-nerved and 3-keeled

below, densely pubescent to villous excepting at the glabrous base ;

lip 1} in. long, pubescent or villous on the sides, less so or glabrescent

on the back, long-villous upwards, produced into 2 densely ciliate

undulating awns, | in. long, cilia secund, up to 4 lin. long, passing

into more or less purple woolly tufts upwards ; fertile stamens 3,

24 lin. long; anthers linear; apical glands j lin. long, ovate-

lanceolate, acuminate ; barren anther 2} lin. long, oblong, acuminate,

acute, eglandular, with a filiform filament } lin. long ; ovary 1 lin.

long, obovoid, covered with long reddish hairs ; style 2} in. long,

gently curved, laterally compressed below, more or less terete above,

with a short ventral groove, ending in a projecting point above the

ovary, pubescent ; stigma 3 lin. long, linear, acute, kneed at the

junction with the style. P. speciosa, Drege, partly, ex Meisn. Le.

P. macrophylla, Buek ex Meisn. lc. Scolymocephalus africanus foliis

angustis villosis, Weinm. Phyt. iv. t. 894 (here ?).

Sour Arrica : without locality, Gueinzius |

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div.; Blue Berg, Drége. Worcester Div. ;

Dutoits Kloof, Drége ; Matroos Berg, Lamb in Herb. Bolus, 9370! Tulbagh Div. ;

Witzenberg, Zeyher! Tulbagh Waterfall, Phillips, 527! Stellenbosch Div. ;

Hottentots Holland Mountains near Lowrys Pass, MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr.

1763 ! Swellendam Div. ; between Sparrbosch and Tradouw, Drége!

4. P. marginata (Thunb. in Hoffm. Phytogr. Blaett. i. 15);

branches tomentellous, at length glabrescent; leaves shortly

petiolate, 3-6 in. long, 3-1} in. broad, lanceolate, acute or subacute,

woolly towards the base, particularly on the midrib, soon more or

less glabrous, distinctly veined, with thickened margins; petiole

tomentose or glabrous ; heads sessile, 5 in. long, about 4 in. wide ;

involucral bracts 10—11-seriate ; outer ovate, subacuminate, obtuse,

recurved, silky pubescent, at length partly glabrescent; inner

oblong or linear-oblong, obtuse to subacute or innermost long-

produced, spathulate and clawed, silky-pubescent, long-bearded,

beard blackish-purple, often mixed with white; perianth-sheath

2 in. long, very gradually dilated and 7-nerved and 3-keeled at the

glabrous base, pubescent to villous above ; lip 1 in. long, pubescent,

more or less glabrescent on the back, 3-awned, lateral awns 5 lin.

long, linear, acuminate, ciliate below the woolly tips ; cilia secund,

up to 24 lin. long, purple; median awn 4% lin. long, filiform ;

fertile stamens 3; filaments } lin. long, dilated concave; anthers

202

564 PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). [ Protea.

linear, 3 lin. long; apical glands } lin. long, ovate, acuminate,

acute ; barren stamen stalked, acute, eglandular ; ovary 2 lin. long,

oblong in outline, covered with long reddish-brown hairs ; style

2 in. long, tapering, very gently curved, laterally compressed and

slightly dilated above the ovary, pubescent ; stigma 34 lin. long,

linear, acuminate, obtuse, kneed and slightly bent at the junction

with the style.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Thunberg! Banks! Drege! Labillardiere !

Gueinzius, 188 !

Coast Recron: Clanwilliam Div. ; Olifants River, Marloth, 3204! Blue Berg,

Schlechter, 8475! Tulbagh Div. ; Tulbagh, Pappe! MacOwan! Saron, Schlechter,

7881! Paarl Div. ; Drakenstein Mountains, near Bains Kloof, Bolus, 4066!

Swellendam Div.; Tradouw, Drége, 3360! Port Elizabeth Div. ; Algoa Bay

(wrong locality ?), Cooper, 3069 !

This species differs from P. neriifolia, R. Br., by the broader leaves and shorter

awns.

5. P. incompta (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 83); an erect

shrub, 3-4 ft. high ; branches densely pilose with long soft hairs,

at length glabrescent ; leaves 2-4 in. long, }—1} in. broad, lanceolate

or ovate-lanceolate, acute, rounded at the base, reticulately veined,

with a strong midrib, younger softly pilose to hirsute, particularly

those near the head, at length glabrescent ; heads sessile, 23-3} in.

long, about 3} in. wide, surrounded by leaves, the innermost of

which are narrower to linear, gradually shorter and very hirsute,

often widened and coriaceous at the base, gradually passing into

appendaged bracts; involucral bracts. 5—6-seriate, outer oblong,

obtuse, green, glabrous; inner oblong, widened above, incurved,

shortly white-bearded, slightly exceeding the flowers ; perianth-

sheat: 13 in. long, loosely hairy above, glabrous below, faintly

5-nerved, gradually dilated and faintly 3-keeled at the base ; lip

villous on the sides, 3-awned, lateral awns 5 lin. long, linear,

flexuous, loosely long-villous with white hairs; stamens all fertile ; |

anthers linear, 3 lin. long ; apical glands } lin. long, oblong, obtuse ;

filaments 3 lin. long, swollen ; ovary 1} lin. long, ellipsoid, densely

covered with long reddish-brown hairs ; style 2} in. long, tapering

and almost straight above, laterally compressed below, ventrally

furrowed, glabrous ; stigma 3 lin. long, subulate, gradually passing

into the style. Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. iii. 347 ; Krauss in Flora,

1845, 75 (by error incorrupta) ; Krauss in Beitr. Fl. Cap- und Natall.

139 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 234. P. macrocephala, Thunb. in

Hoffm. Phytogr. Blaett. i. 13 (2). Erodendrum incomptum, Knight,

Prot. 37. Scolymocephalus seu Lepidocarpodendron, ete., Weinm.

Phyt. iv. t. 898.

Var. 8, Susanne (E. P. Phillips); leaves with a silky silvery tomentum >

branches densely silky above.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Drege! Sieber 1! Boos! Scholl! Thunberg *

Oldenburg, 614! Bergius! Ludwig! Ecklon, 331! Ly

Coast REGION: Cape Div.; Devils Peak, Ecklon, 652! Bolus, 4575! Wilms.

3566! MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Austr,-Afr. 785! Lion Mountain, Dreyse -

Protea.] PROTEACE# (Phillips & Stapf). 565

Pappe, 14! Table Mountain, Krauss! Between Rondebosch and Wynberg,

Burchell, 772! Wynberg, Roxburgh! near Cape Town, Fry in Herb. Galpin,

5019! Caledon Div. ; Little Houw Hoek, Zeyher, 3658! Var. 8: Riversdale

Div. ; Mountains above Platte Kloof, Muir, 390; George Div. ; Barbiers Kloof,

near George, Bowie !

If Protea macrocephala, Thunh., the original of which we have not seen, should

really prove to be identical with R. Brown’s P. incompta, as is very probable, the

former name would have to stand.

6. P. comigera (Stapf) ; an undershrub, about 3 ft. high, of bushy

growth ; branches glabrous, purplish ; leaves lanceolate or oblanceo-

late, narrowed towards the base, more or less undulate, acute or

subacute, up to 4 in, long and 3-4 in. broad, coriaceous with |

thickened pinkish margins, glabrous, with a prominent midrib and

obscure venation ; heads sessile, oblong-turbinate, 4 in. long, 3 in.

across ; involucral bracts 7—8-seriate, outermost green with black

tips, the following pinkish upwards with black tips, the inner and

innermost yellowish on the back with pinkish sides, ciliate and the

innermost crowned with a large round tuft of long black hairs, all

more or less lanceolate and acute, the inner much elongated ;

perianth-sheath 14-1} in. long, purplish, pubescent and villous

upwards ; lip 4—5 lin. long, awned, awns about $ in. long, purplish-

villous ; anthers 3 lin. long with a red apical gland ; style 1? in.

long, purple upwards, glabrous ; stigma 4 lin. long, geniculate at

the junction with the style. P. grandiflora, var. foliis undulatis,

Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 301.

SoutH AFRICA: without locality, Niven.

Only known from the figure and description quoted, which were made from a

plant introduced into Hibbert’s garden by Niven in 1800.

7. P. Lepidocarpodendron (Linn. Mant. alt. 190); a large bush,

6-8 ft. high; branches glabrous (in the type); leaves sessile,

34-4 in. long, 4—8 lin. broad, linear-lanceolate, subobtuse, glabrous,

with a prominent midrib and thickened pink margins; heads sessile,

33-4 in. long, about 24 in. wide; involucral bracts 8-seriate ; outer

ovate-oblong, brown, silky-pubescent, with a white fringe of cilia

and sometimes a white apical beard, inner oblong to linear,

pubescent, green, innermost spathulate, clawed, with a black

densely tomentose limb surrounded by a white or black beard,

exceeding the flowers ; perianth-sheath 2 in. long, slightly and

very gradually dilated and 7-nerved and 3-keeled below ; fulvously

or rufously villous excepting at the very base which is glabrous ;

lip 7 lin. long, 3-awned, lateral awns 5 lin. long, filiform or capil-

lary, long ciliate, cilia secund, purplish or fulvous; median awn

2 lin. long, filiform ; fertile stamens 3; anthers 3 lin. long, linear,

apical glands } lin. long, ovate, acuminate ; filaments } lin. long,

flattened ; barren stamen 2 lin. long, acute, eglandular, with a

filiform filament, 1 lin. long; ovary densely covered with long

reddish-brown hairs; style 2 in. long, almost straight, tapering

upwards, laterally compressed, pubescent, with a short ventral

566 PROTEACES (Phillips & Stapf). | Protea.

groove (gland?) at the base, ending below a small knob ; stigma

3 lin. long, linear, acute, kneed at the junction with the style.

P. speciosa, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 42, 56, partly ; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 531,

partly ; Thunb, Fl. Cap. ed Schult. 139, partly. P. cristata, Lam. Hil.

i. 235; Poir. Encyel. v.644. P. scabrida, Thunb. in Hoffm. Phytogr.

Blaett. i. (1803), 14. P. lepidocarpon, R. Br. in Trans. Linn.

Soc. x. 80; Roem. d& Schult. Syst. Veg. iii. 346; Meisn. in DC.

Prodr. xiv. 232. Leucadendron Lepidocarpodendron, Linn. Sp. Pl.

ed. i. 91. Lepidocarpodendron foliis angustis, ete., Boerh. Ind. Pl.

Hort. Ludg. Bat. ii. 188. Scolymocephalus africanus, ete., Weinm.

Phyt. iv. 289, t. 895.

Var. 8, villosa (E. P. Phillips); branches pilose ; leaves oblong-linear, acute,

ciliate, younger pilose, at length glabrous. P. melaleuca, R. Br. in Trans. Linn.

Soc. x. 79; Tratt. Thes. t. 11; Meisn. in DC. Prodr, xiv. 232. P. speciosa, var

nigra, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 103. P. lepidocarpon, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 674.

P. villosa, Hort. Bollw. ex Meisn. l.c. 233, P, glauca, d, Drége ex Meisn. le.

P. nigrita, DC. Herb. ex Meisn. lc. Erodendrum neriifolium, Knight, Prot, 40.

Scolymocephalus melaleucus, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. 280.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Ludwig! Sparmann! Forokier ! Thunberg !

on Boos! Sieber! Oldenburg, 374! Bergius! Scholl! Var. B, Martin!

vouwn,

Coast Region: Clanwilliam Div. ; Blue Berg, Schlechter, 8475! Cape Div. 3

mountains near Cape Town and on the Cape Peninsula, Burchell, 402! Scholl |

Osbech | Zeyher, 3657! Ecklon, 653! Krauss! Drége; Jameson ! Bolus, 4026

Wilms, 3567! MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 784! Phillips ! Var. B: Cape

Div.; Lion Mountain, Bolus, 2901! Swellendam Div. ; between Sparrbosch and

Tradouw, Drége. Port Elizabeth Div. ; Van Stadensberg, Drege. Caledon Div. 5

Genadendal, Drége !

We have seen Martin’s specimen, preserved in the Herb. Mus. Palat. Vindob.,

and it undoubtedly agrees with Brown’s description of P. melaleuca and also

with the post-linnean figures which he cites. We cannot regard this plant as

specifically distinct from P. Lepidocarpodendron, Linn., but the hairy branches,

and the hairy and acute leaves warrant its being kept separate us a variety.

8. P. neriifolia (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soe. x. 81); an erect

shrub, 3-5 ft. high; branches tomentellous ; leaves 3-5} in. long,

4-11 lin. broad, linear to. linear-oblong, subobtuse, penninerve

with a conspicuous midrib, glabrous or woolly at the base ; head

sessile, 44-5 in. long, about 3 in. in diam. ; involucral bracts

1l-seriate ; outer squarrose, recurved, densely silky-pubescent or

glabrescent ; inner oblong or linear-oblong, densely silky-pubescent

or tomentose above, innermost with an oblanceolate limb and a

slender claw bearing a purplish-black beard up to 24 lin. long,

exceeding the flowers ; perianth-sheath 2} in. long, base dilated,

glabrous, faintly 5—7-nerved and 3-keeled, otherwise loosely pubes-

cent to densely villous ; lip 1} in. long, 3-awned, villous along the

sides, glabrous on the back, long and densely ciliate above ; lateral

awns 9 lin, long, densely ciliate, cilia secund and up to 3 lin. long,

purple or fulvous; median awn 3} lin. long, filiform ; fertile

stamens 3; anthers linear, 3 lin. long, apical glands } lin. long,

ovate, acuminate, acute, keeled on the inner face; filaments 2 lin.

long, dilated, concave; barren anther 2 lin. long, linear, acute,

Protea. | PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). Ree

eglandular, with a filament 2 lin. long; ovary. oblong, 3 lin. long,

covered with long reddish-brown hairs ; style 2} in. long, tapering

upwards, compressed up to the middle, then terete, shortly villous ;

stigma 3 lin. long, linear, obtuse, distinctly kneed and bent

at the junction with the style. Bot. Reg. t. 208; Meisn. in

DC. Prodr. xiv. 233 (inel. var. glauca). P. pulchella, Bot. Reg.

t. 20; Reichenb. Fl. Exot. iv. t. 218; Geel, Sert. Bot., not of

Andr. P. glauca, Buek ex Meisn. lc. Cardui generis elegantissimi,

ete., Clus. Exot. 38, fig. 15 on p. 39.

SoutH AFRIca: without locality, Pillans in Herb. Bolus, 12535!

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div.; Roode Zand, Bowie! De Liefde, Drége!

Worcester Div.; Dutoits Kloof and Hex River, Drége! Bains Kloof, Bolus,

4066! Paarl Div. ; Paarl Mountain, Dréje! Cape Div. ; Table Mountain, Brown !

Zeyher, 3657! Constantia, Bowie! near Cape Town, tudwig, 10! Lions Head,

MacOwan in Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 784 partly! Below Platteklip, Phillips !

Caledon Div. ; Genadendal, Drége! MacOwan! Swellendam Div. ; Swellendam,

Bowie! Fry in Herb. Galpin 4984! Riversdale Div. ; Garcias Pass, Phillips, 504 !

510! 514! Knysna Div.; Between Plettenbergs Bay and Knysna, Burchell,

5350! Uitenhage Div. ; Vanstadens Berg, Zeyher, 3659 !

The involucral bracts are white or pink and the inner capped with a dense

beard of purple-black hairs, sometimes interspersed with white. The awns are

of a light tawny colour. This plant was distributed by MacOwan in the Herb.

Norm. Austr.-Afr. as P. lepidocarpon, R. Br., but can be at once distinguished

from this species by the inner involucral bracts being black-bearded at the apex

and not black-tomentose on the back as in P. Lepidocarpodendron, Linn.

(P. lepidocarpon, R. Br.).

9. P. pulchella (Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 270); a stout shrub, 2-5 ft.

high ; branches tomentellous, at length glabrous ; leaves 14-6} in.

long, 3-7 lin. broad, linear to linear-lanceolate, acute, narrowed at

the base, with a prominent midrib, pubescent when young, some-

times ciliate, at length glabrous ; head sessile, 3}—4 in. long, about

2-4 in. in diam., surrounded by the upper foliage leaves ; involucral

bracts 10—12-seriate ; the lowermost tomentose or pubescent ; outer

ovate, subacuminate, obtuse or subobtuse, green with reddish tips,

glabrous or ciliate, inner oblong to linear-oblanceolate or broad-

linear, glabrous or pubescent below the rose- or carmine-purple to

black beard, exceeding the flowers; perianth-sheath 2 in. long,

_ glabrous, whitish pubescent to villous above the gradually dilated

5-nerved and 3-keeled base ; lip 6 lin. Jong, pubescent on the sides,

more or less glabrous on the back, 3-awned, lateral awns 3 lin. long,

filiform, villous, intermixed with long purple to black hairs ; median

awn 1 lin. long; fertile stamens 3; anthers linear, 2 lin. long ;

apical glands } lin. long, lanceolate, subacute ; filaments } lin. long,

dilated, concave; barren anther acute, eglandular ; ovary 1} lin.

long, oblong, covered with long reddish-brown hairs ; style 2 in.

long, very gently curved, compressed below, terete and ventrally

ved above, pubescent; stigma’ 3 lin. long, linear, acute,

slightly kneed at the junction with the style. R. Br. in Trans.

Linn. Soc. x. 81; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv, 233; var. speciosa,

Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 442. P.: speciosa, var. foliis glapris, Andr. Lc.

t. 277 ; var. rosea, Wendl. Coll. t. 73.

568 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). | Protea.

Var. 8, undulata (E. P. Phillips); leaves with undulating margins. Froden-

drum pulchellum, Knight, Prot. 36.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Diéye! Ludwig! Martin! Boos !

Coast Recton: Paarl Div. ; Paarl Mountain, Drége, 1459! 2399! Tulbagh

Div. ; Saron, Schlechter, 7869! Cape Div. ; Kraaifontein, Diimmer, 1531! Lions

Head, MacOwan, 2908! MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1520! Marloth, 3328!

Table Mountain and Devils Peak, Drége! Stellenbosch Div. ; Stellenbosch, Rox-

burgh! Marloth, 3228! Between Lowrys Pass and Jonkers Hoek, Burchell, 8330!

Var, 8: Stellenbosch Div. ; Stellenbosch, Niven !

This species has been confounded in Herbaria with P. calocephala, Meisn., and

MacOwan, in Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1520, distributed specimens of it as such. We

have seen Meisner’s type of P. calocephala, which is at once distinguished from

P. pulchella, Andr., in having broader leaves, and the inner involucral bracts not

bearded at their apices,

10. P. fulva (Tausch in Flora, 1842, i. 285) ; branches tomentose ;

leaves 33-4 in. long, 5-8 lin. broad, oblong-linear, subacute, nar-

rowed at the base into a very short petiole, distinctly veined, with

a prominent midrib, densely tomentose at the base, otherwise

glabrous, ciliate when young; head sessile, 31 in. long, about 4 in.

in diam. ; involucral bracts 13-seriate ; outer ovate, subacuminate,

obtuse, pubescent or hirsute ; inner from oblong, acuminate, obtuse

to linear or linear-oblong, densely villous, rufo-ciliate at the apex,

equalling the flowers ; perianth-sheath 13 in. long, dilated, 3-keeled

and 3-nerved below, densely pilose, becoming glabrous at the base ;

lip 8 lin. long, 3-awned, pilose; lateral awns 4 lin. long, ciliate

with long brown hairs ; median awn 2 lin. long, filiform ; fertile

stamens 3; anthers linear, 2} lin. long, subsessile ; apical glands

} lin. long, ovate, acuminate, acute; barren stamen acute,

eglandular ; ovary 24 lin. long, oblong, covered with long reddish-

brown hairs; style 2 in. long, tapering above, kneed at the base,

pubescent, becoming villous below ; stigma 2% lin. long, furrowed

subacute.

SourH Arrica: Raised from seeds sent by Ecklon from the Cape and

flowered in the gardens of Prince Salm-Dyck in 1838 !

11. P. patens (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 82) ; a procumbent

shrub ; _branches densely tomentose; leaves sessile, oblong to

oblong-linear, subacute, with undulating thickened pink margins,

3-43 in. long, 6-9 lin. broad, prominently ribbed, loosely villous ;

heads sessile, 3 in. long, about 21 in. in diam. ; involucral bracts

12-seriate, outer ovate, subacute, silky-tomentose, inner ovate to

oblong, silky-pubescent, equalling the flowers, all bracts fringed

with a short dense beard, which is fulvous in the lower, dark purple

in the upper bracts ; perianth-sheath 1} in. long, gradually dilated

and faintly 5—7-nerved and 3-keeled below, densely villous excepting

at the glabrous base; lip 9 lin. long, 3-awned, pubescent on the

sides, glabrous on the back; lateral awns 3-7 lin. long, linear,

very densely villous, the apical hairs black; median awn } lin.

long, filiform with an apical tuft of black hairs ; stamens all fertile,

3 lin. long ; anthers linear, 3} lin. long, apical glands $ lin. long,

Protea. | PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). 569

ovate-lanceolate, with a swelling on the inner face ; filaments almost

i lin. long, widened upwards; ovary small, densely covered with

long reddish-brown hairs; style 14 in. long, curved, tapering

upwards, laterally compressed, somewhat swollen above the ovary,

terete upwards, red, pubescent ; stigma 3 lin. long, linear, obtuse,

conspicuously kneed at the junction with the style. Roem. &

Schult. Syst. Veg. iii. 347; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 232. P.

spectosa, var. patens, Andr. Bot: Rep. t. 543. Erodendrum holoseri-

ceum, Knight, Prot. 40.

Coast Recion: Div.? Wilde River, Niven !

12. P. latifolia (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 75); a bush

5-8 ft. high ; branches more or less tomentose, at length glabrous ;

leaves 21—4 in. long, 14-2} in. broad, very crowded, oblong-elliptic

to elliptic, obtuse, cordate at the base, subglaucous, woolly-ciliate

when young, at length glabrous, prominently veined ; head sessile,

43 in. long, about 2? in. in diam. ; involucral bracts 9—12-seriate ;

outer ovate, obtuse, adpressedly pubescent to tomentose, ciliate ;

inner flesh-colour to carmine, with an oblong limb and a linear

claw, densely pubescent and fringed above with white cilia, ex-

ceeding the flowers ; perianth-sheath 21 in. long, dilated, 5—7-nerved

and 3-keeled below, densely pubescent excepting at the glabrous

base ; lip 1 in. long, villous, 3-awned ; lateral awns 10 lin. long,

terete, tomentose, indumentum intermixed with long more or less

dark-purple hairs, tips penicillate ; median awn 5 lin. long, filiform ;

fertile stamens 3; filaments } lin. long, dilated ; anthers linear,

24 lin. long; apical glands } lin. long, lanceolate, acuminate ;

barren stamen eglandular ; ovary covered with numerous long

reddish hairs ; style 2} in. long, flattened, finely pubescent almost

all along; stigma 3 lin. long, obovoid, covered with numerous

long reddish hairs. Bot. Mag. t. 1717 ; Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg.

iii. 342 ;"Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 230. P. radiata, Andr. Bot.

Rep. t. 646; Bonpl. Malm. 144, t. 59; Geel, Sert. Bot.; Reichenb.

Fl. Exot. iv. 35, t. 273. Erodendrum eximium, Knight, Prot. 41.

P. spectabilis, Lichtenst. ex Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 461; Meisn, Le.

231. Mimetes spectabilis, Roem. & Schult. iii. Mant. 268; Steud.

Nomenel. ed. ii. 147.

Var. 8, auriculata (Phillips) ; leaves 3-34 in. long, 1-1? in. broad, oblong-

elliptic, obtuse, distinctly veined; style strongly compressed and very much

dilated below. P. auriculata, Tausch in Flora, 1842, i. 285.

Soutn Arrica: without locality, Roxburgh !

Coast Rearon: Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek, Bowie! Zwart Berg, Niven!

Riversdale Div. ; Garcias Pass, Galpin, 4453! Bolus, 11367! Phillips, 513!

Humansdorp Div. ; Kromme River, Drége. Uitenhage Div. ; Van Stadens Berg,

Drége, 3033! Zeyher, 384! 3656! MacOwan! Var. 8: specimen cultivated in

the gardens of Prince Salm Dyck in 1838 !

The involucral bracts are a pale pink and the awns of the lip covered with

purple hairs. Andrews, however, also figures a perfectly n variety, This

species approaches P. compacta, R. Br., but can be readily distinguished from it

by the pubescent style.

570 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). | Protea.

The texture of the leaves of var. auriculata differs considerably from that of

typical P. latifolia which moreover is easily distinguished from the type by the

considerable dilatation of the style base. Lrodendrum coronarium, Knight, Prot.

41, collected by Masson near Great Hout Hoek, and introduced into Kew in 1790,

must come very near this species.

13. P. compacta (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 76); branches

finely tomentellous, at length glabrous; leaves 34-4} in. long,

3-1} in. broad, strongly imbricate, ovate to ovate-lanceolate or

elliptic-oblong, obtuse with a callous point, subcordate or rounded

or slightly narrowed at the base, coriaceous, prominently veined,

glabrous with the margins shortly villous or at length glabrous ;

head sessile, 4 in. long, about 2} in. in diam.; involucral bracts

8-seriate ; outer ovate, obtuse, villous-pubescent or more or less

glabrescent, with a dense fringe of woolly cilia ; inner more or

less flesh-colour to carmine with an oblong limb and linear claw,

finely villous-tomentose, tips densely ciliate, exceeding the flowers ;

perianth-sheath 2 in. long, dilated, 5-nerved and 3-keeled below,

finely tomentose, glabrous at the base ; lip over 1 in. long, 3-awned ;

lateral awns 3-4} lin. long, filiform, flexuous, tawny to purplish-

tomentose ; median awn 1 lin. long, filiform; fertile stamens 3,

subsessile ; filaments 3 lin. long, flattened ; anthers linear, 4} lin.

long; apical gland almost 1 lin. long, lanceolate-oblong ; barren

stamen 44 lin. long, linear, eglandular ; ovary 1 lin. long, oblong,

densely covered with long light-golden hairs; style 2 in. long,

finely grooved on the convex side, glabrous ; stigma 2} lin. long,

linear, obtuse, strongly kneed and bent at the junction with the

style. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 238. P. formosa, R. Br. im

Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 79. P.coronata, Andr. Rep. t. 469, not of Lam.

P. spectabilis, Willd. ex Meisn. lc. Erodendrum formosum, Salisb.

Parad. t.76. Leucospermum (errore pro Erodendro) formosum, Knight

ex Loud. Encyel. i, 82.

Coast Recion:; Cape Div.; Kraaifontein, Diimmer, 1531! Stellenbosch Div. ;

Hottentots Holland, Niven! Caledon Div. ; Houw Hoek, Masson ! Zeyher, 3660!

Klein River, Krauss, 1073! Hermanus, Galpin, 4454! Bredasdorp Div. ; Elands

Kloof, Ludwig! near Elim, Zeyher, 1820! Bolus, 8592 ; Schlechter, 7673! Koude

River, Schlechter, 10457 | Uitenhage Div. ; Van Stadens Berg, Zeyher, 3656 !

14. P. magnifica (Link, Enum. alt. i. 113); a shrub with stout

villous stems ; leaves broad- to narrow-oblong or lanceolate, shortly

acute, somewhat narrowed at the base or subcordate, undulate, the

largest up to 4 in. long and 2 in. wide, coriaceous, subglaucous,

hairy along the thickened margins, distinctly veined; heads sessile,

turbinate-obovoid, 6 in. long, 5 in. wide; involucral bracts 7-8-

seriate, creamy-silky-pubescent to tomentose, the lower ovate to

ovate-lanceolate, densely white ciliate, the inner much elonga

linear-lanceolate, acute, with a dense fringe of white cilia, equalling

or slightly exceeding the creamy flowers; perianth-sheath 24 in.

long, hairy ; lip 7-8 lin. long, hairy, awned, lateral awns 9 lin. long,

long-hairy ; stamens all fertile ; anthers yellow, 4 lin. long; ap!

gland red, 1 lin. long; ovary villous ; style rather stout, whitish ;

Protea, | PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). 571

stigma suddenly geniculate at the base. P. speciosa, Andr. Bot.

Rep. t. 438, not of Linn. Erodendrum magnificum, Knight, Prot. 37.

SoutH Arrica: Figured from a specimen in Hibbert’s collection.

Andrews’ statement that this is identical with a plant collected by Roxburgh in

the Hottentot Mountains and named P. speciosa in the Lambert Herbarium is

- ineorrect. Roxburgh’s plant is typical P. speciosa, Linn.

15. P. macrophylla (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 78); a small

tree 5-10 ft. high; branches minutely greyish-tomentellous above,

at length glabrous; leaves 33-9 in. long, $-1} in. broad, linear-

oblong or oblong, obtuse, narrowed at the base, finely villosulous

or woolly, particularly towards the base, at length glabrous,

reticulately veined, with thickened margins ; head sessile, 4-5} in.

long, about 34 in. in diam. ; involucral bracts 7-10-seriate, whitish

or tawny tomentose to tomentellous ; outer ovate, obtuse ; inner

with an oblong limb passing into a long linear claw, minutely

ciliate round the apex, mostly exceeding or at least equalling

the flowers; perianth-sheath 24-24 in. long, dilated, 5—7-nerved

and 3-keeled below, densely pubescent excepting at the glabrous

base; lip 14 in. long, 3-awned, flexuous, villous or tomentose ;

lateral awns 8-9 lin. long, densely villous ; median awn 4 lin. long,

filiform ; fertile stamens 3; anthers linear, 2-2} lin. long; apical

glands } lin. long, ovate, acuminate, acute; filaments } lin. long,

flattened concave ; barren stamen linear, acute, eglandular ; ovary

1 lin. long, obovate, densely covered with long brown hairs ; style

2 in. long, laterally compressed, with a short ventral groove (gland ?)

above the ovary, scantily pubescent below the middle; stigma

24-3 lin. long, slender, linear, obtuse, slightly kneed and bent at the

junction with the style. Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. iii. 344 ; Meisn.

in DO. Prodr. xiv. 234, incl. vars. dregeana and zeyheriana.

Erodendrum lorifolium, Knight, Prot. 41.

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Olifants River, near Brackfontein, Zeyher?

Worcester Div.; Dutoits Kloof, Dréye! Ladismith Div. ; Zwartberg Range, near

Ladismith, Marloth, 3203! Mossel Bay Div. ; Attaquas Kloof, Niven, 37!

Uitenhage Div.; ‘‘De Hoek,” Geard in Herb. Galpin, 2981! Albany Div. ;

Grahamstown, Misses Daly & Sole, 455!

CrentraL REGION: Somerset Div. ; Bosch Berg, MacOwan, 848!

- 16. P. obtusifolia (Buek in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 123, 213,

name only); branches tomentose above ; leaves 3}—4$ in. long, 1-1}

in. broad, oblong-elliptic, obtuse, emarginate, attenuate at the ba

into a petiole, distinctly veined, glabrous and vernicose, ciliate below;

head sessile, 33 in. long, about 2} in. in diam. ; involucral bracts

13-seriate; outer ovate, acuminate, obtuse, pubescent, at length

glabrous, ciliate ; inner oblong or spathulate-linear, glabrous, ciliate,

slightly exceeding the flowers ; perianth-sheath 2 in. long, dilated,

3-keeled and 7-nerved below, shortly tomentose or villosulous ; lip

9-10 lin. long, 3-awned, villosulous ; lateral awns 3-4} lin. long,

terete, villous, tomentose with longer hairs intermixed ; median

572 PROTEACE& (Phillips & Stapf). [ Protea.

awn 14 lin, long, filiform ; filaments } lin. long, swollen ; anthers

linear, 2 lin. long ; apical glands ? lin. long, oblong, obtuse ; ovary

covered with long reddish-brown hairs ; style 2 in. long, flattened,

strongly keeled above the ovary, pubescent below and along the keel

up to the middle, glabrous upwards ; stigma 2} lin. long, furrowed,

obtuse, tapering into the style. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 235.

Coast ReGion: Caledon Div. ; Onrust River, Zeyher, 3661! Bredasdorp Div. ;

between Cape Agulhas and Pot Berg, Drége !

Very closely allied to P. calocephala, Meisn., but differing in having distinctly

veined leaves, the inner involucral bracts only just exceeding the flowers, besides.

small differences in the floral characters.

17. P. triandra (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 110); a shrub

134-2 ft. high ; branches tomentellous ; leaves 23-44 in. long,

4-1} in. broad, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, callously mucronate,

pinnately veined, with a prominent midrib, glabrous excepting on

the thickened woolly-ciliate margins ; head sessile, 4-44 in. long,

3-3} in. in diam. ; receptacle siightly convex ; pale ovate, acute ;

involucral bracts 12—14-seriate ; outer ovate, obtuse, glabrous or

pubescent below, ciliate, with a small beard of cilia at the apex ;

inner oblong-linear, widening above, tomentose, ciliate, rose-

coloured, exceeding the flowers; perianth-sheath 1} in. long,

dilated, 3-keeled and 5-nerved below, shortly tomentose, becoming

glabrous at the base; lip 12 lin. long, 3-awned, shortly tomentose ;

lateral awns 4-5 lin. long, terete; median awn 2% lin. long;

fertile stamens 3; filaments 3 lin. long, swollen, channelled ;

anthers linear, 4 lin. long; apical glands % lin. long, lanceolate,

obtuse; ovary 1 lin. long, pubescent, covered with long golden

hairs ; style 2 in. long, furrowed above, compressed below, pubescent

at the very base, otherwise glabrous ; stigma 5 lin. long, trigonous,

with a blunt ovate swelling at the apex, kneed and strongly

curved at the junction with the style.

Coast Reaion: Bredasdorp Diy. ; Koude River, Schlechter, 9621 !

18. P. Susanne (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 229) ; branches

tomentellous ; leaves 14-5 in. long, 5-10 lin. broad, lanceolate or

oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, narrowed at the base, with a distinct

mid-rib and more prominent venation on the under surface,

pubescent or tomentose when young, becoming glabrous with age ;

head subsessile, 3? in. long, about 3 in. in diam. ; involucral bracts

9-seriate ; outer ovate, obtuse, pubescent to tomentose, at length

glabrescent ; inner oblong, concave, tomentose below, subequalling

the flowers ; perianth-sheath 2-2} in. long, dilated, 3-keeled and

7-nerved below, densely tomentose above the glabrous base, 9 lin.

long, 3-awned above, tomentose ; lateral awns 24—3 lin. long, terete,

purple-villous ; median awn 2 lin. long, filiform ; fertile stamens 3;

filaments } lin. long, dilated, concave ; anthers linear, 24 lin. long;

apical glands # lin. long, lanceolate, obtuse ; barren stamen linear,

Protea.] PROTEACEH (Phillips & Stapf). 573

acute, eglandular ; filament filiform; ovary } lin. long, obovate-

oblong in outline, covered with long light yellow hairs with golden-

coloured tips ; style 24 in. long, tapering above, furrowed, gradually

thickened downwards with a pubescent ventral keel and a pubescent

base; stigma 24-3 lin. long, oblong-linear, trigonous with acute

angles, subacute, swollen and recurved at the apex, conspicuously

sinuate at the junction with the style.

Coast Recion: Bredasdorp Div.; Elim, Schlechter, 7718! Riversdale Div. ;

Rivers lale, Muir in Herb. Galpin, 5305 !

19. P. calocephala (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 239) ; branches

tomentose above; leaves 24-4} in. long, 8-10 lin. broad, oblanceo-

late, acute or obtuse, long attenuated at the base, indistinctly

veined, the young leaves densely villous, becoming glabrous with

age; head sessile, 4 in. long, about 4 in. in diam.; involucral

scales 13-seriate ; outer ovate, acuminate, obtuse, glabrous or the

lowermost pubescent, ciliate ; inner with a lanceolate to oblong-

lanceolate limb, narrowed into a slender linear claw, ciliate, the

innermost pubescent, greatly exceeding the flowers; perianth-

sheath 12 in. long, dilated, 3-keeled and 7-nerved below, shortly

tomentose, glabrous at the base ; lip 8 lin. long, 3-awned, shortly

tomentose ; lateral awns 34-4 lin. long, terete, shortly tomentose

with long hairs intermixed and an apical tuft ; median awn 1} lin.

long, filiform ; anthers linear, 2 lin. long, apical glands } lin. long,

lanceolate, subacute, keeled on the inner face ; filaments } lin. long,

swollen ; ovary covered with long reddish-brown hairs ; style 1j in.

long, subterete above, compressed below, dilated with a wide groove

or cavity (gland ?) above the ovary, pubescent up to 4, then glabrous ;

stigma 2 lin. long, linear, obtuse and slightly recurved at the apex,

furrowed, slightly bent at the junction with the style.

Sovrn Arrica: without locality, Ludwig !

Coast Reaion: Riversdale Div. ; Riversdale, Muir !

20. P. Rouppellie (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 237) ; a small tree

8-15 ft. high; branches villous or tomentose above, at length

glabrescent ; leaves 2-5} in. long, }-14 in. broad at the widest

part, 2 lin. broad at the base, oblong-lanceolate or obovate-spathulate,

acute, the younger densely villous or tomentose, at length glabrous,

narrowed at the base, reticulately veined ; head shortly peduncled,

34-44 lin. long, 2-4 in. in diam. ; involucral bracts 10-seriate, silky-

tomentose, deep pink to pinky white ; outer ovate, obtuse, recurved

to revolute, ciliate ; inner with an obovate to obovate-oblong limb,

gradually passing into the claw, shortly ciliate above, exceedi

the flowers; perianth-sheath 1} in. long, dilated and 3-keeled and

7-nerved below, loosely villous above the dilated portion ; lip 1} in.

long, 3-awned, spreadingly villous ; lateral awns 7 lin. long, linear,

acuminate, purple tomentose to villous; median awn 4 lin. long ;

fertile stamens 3; filaments } lin. long, flattened ; anthers linear,

574 PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). | Protea.

14 lin. long; apical glands } lin. long, oblong, acute ; barren

stamen acute, eglandular ; ovary 2 lin. long, obovate in outline,

densely covered with numerous long golden hairs ; style 2 in. long,

curved, somewhat flattened, keeled below on the convex side, usually

more or less villosulous ; stigma 2 lin. long, curved and kneed

at the junction with the style. P. lanuginosa, K. Schum. in Just,

Jahresb. xxvi. i. 364. Scolymocephalus lanuginosus, O. Kuntze, Rev.

Gen. Pl. iii. 279 (from descript.).

Soutn AFRICA: without locality, Sim, 2457 !

KaLanart Recion: Orange River Colony ; Nelson’s Kop, Cooper, 952! Witzies

Hoek, Bolus, 8242! Flanagan, 1849! Transvaal; Observatory Ridge, near

Johannesburg, Burtt-Davy, 4004! Eersteling (Zoutpansberg), Miss Leendert,

891! Houtbosch, Bolus, 10951! Barberton, Galpin, 974! Magalisberg, Zeyher,

1457! Burke, 31(9%)! Lydenburg, Wilms, 1273! Shilovane, Junod, 5523!

Roodepoort, Rand, 1315! Swaziland ; Embabaan, Burtt-Davy, 2789! and with-

out precise locality, Burtt-Davy, 353 !

Eastern ReGion: Pondoland, Egossa, Sim, 2547! Port St. John, Galpin,

3198! Griqualand East; Pot River Berg, Galpin, 6822! Natal ; Groenberg,

Wood, 7918! near Van Reenens Pass, Krook, 1586! Wood, 5632! Slopes of the

Drakensberg, near the Tugela Falls, Wood, 3514! and without precise locality,

Gerrard, 1887 !

The hairiness of the style is variable; in Galpin 974 it is slightly pubescent,

in Zeyher 1457 densely villous, and gradations between these two extremes

are to be met with.

21. P. longifolia (Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 132); a bush 5-7 ft. high ;

branches minutely tomentellous or glabrescent; leaves 23-7 in.

long, 3-5 lin. broad, narrow strap-shaped, obtuse, long attenuated

at the base, distinctly pinnately veined above, glabrous; head

sessile, 4-6 in. long, about 4 in. in diam. ; involucral bracts 9—10-

seriate, glabrous ; outer ovate to oblong-ovate, obtuse, green, often

with black tips; inner with a lanceolate limb, gradually passing

into the claw, equalling the flowers or shorter ; perianth-sheath

2 in. long, dilated and 3-keeled below, pubescent, becoming glabrous

at the base; lip 2} in. long, villous at the base and on the sides,

glabrous on the back, 3-awned ; lateral awns 1} in. long, linear,

long-villous, lower hairs whitish, upper dark purple to black ;

median awn 4 lin. long, filiform, black-ciliate at the apex ; fertile

stamens 3; filaments } lin. long, dilated ; anthers linear, 34 lin.

long ; apical glands 2 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, acute ;

barren anther linear, acute, eglandular, with a filiform filament ;

ovary 24 lin. long, obovate in outline, covered with long reddish-

brown hairs; style 2 in. long, very slightly curved, terete, or

somewhat compressed below, with a swelling (gland ?) at the base

on the ventral side, faintly grooved on the convex side, pubescent ;

stigma 2}-3 lin. long, obtuse, conspicuously kneed and curved at

the junction with the style. R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 83,

partly ; Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. iii, 347, partly ; Meisn. in DC.

Prodr. xiv. 238, partly. P. coronata, Lam. Til. i. 236, partly.

P. dodoneifolia, Buek ex Meisn. Lc, 239 (2). P. vidua, Gaul. Recens.

39. Erodendrum longipenne, Knight, Prot. 35. Lepidocarpodendron

foliis angustis, ete., Boerh. Ind. Pl. Hort. Ludg. Bat. ii. 186, ¢. 186.

Protea.] PROTEACESE (Phillips & Stapf). 575

Var. 8, minor (E. P. Phillips); leaves 3-44 in. long, 14-34 lin. wide; head

sessile 34 in. long, about 24 in. in diameter,

Coast Region: Stellenbosch Div. ; Lowrys Pass, Schlechter, 7796 ! Hottentots

Holland Kloof, Zudwig! Caledon Div. ; Houw Hoek Mountains, Zeyher, 3662!

Drége! MacOwan, 2637! and in Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 902! Niven, 5! Zwart

Berg, Pappe, 15! Donker Hoek Mountain, Burchell, 7988! Var. 8: Bredasdorp

Div. ; near Elim, Bolus, 7860!

Andrews described this as ‘‘P. longifolia nigra,” his idea being that it was one of

three varieties which had to be separated from P. speciosa and made to represent

a distinct species P. longifolia,

In the Stockholm Herbarium there are fragments of the type of P. dodonxifolia,

Buek, which may not belong here. The only leaf present is 8 lin. wide and has

not dried black as is usual in P. longifolia. The specimen was collected by Drége

at Hooge Kraal near the Zoetemelks river, Riversdale Division.

22. P. ignota (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 229); branches

glabrous ; leaves 6 in. or more long, 3-4 lin. wide, narrow strap-

shaped, subacute, long attenuated at the base; head sessile, tur-

binate-obovoid, 4 in. long; involucral bracts 7-seriate; outer ovate,

obtuse, with a red band and black tips; inner linear or linear-

oblong, greenish with rose tips, equalling the flowers; perianth-

sheath loosely villosulous; lip 3-awned; awns densely villous

with long purple hairs; style 2 in. long, narrowing above, com-

pressed, white-villous ; stigma subulate, acute, kneed and curved

at the junction with the style. P. longifolia, Ker-Gawl. in Bot.

Reg. t. 47; Meisn. in DC. Prodr, xiv. 238, partly.

Souta Arrica: Known only from the figure in the Botanical Register ; allied

to P. ligulefolia, Sweet. It was introduced by Masson.

23. P. umbonalis (Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. i. 346); stem 6-10 ft.

high ; branches glabrous ; leaves 5—7 in. long, narrow strap-shaped,

subacute, attenuated at the base, the younger pubescent; head

sessile, turbinate, over 4 in. long; involucral bracts 10-seriate,

glabrous ; outer ovate, acute; inner linear-oblong, exceeding the

flowers ; perianth-sheath 2 in. long, hairy; lip 1} in. long, with

2 long and | short awn; awns densely ciliate ; style 2} in. long,

almost straight ; stigma kneed and curved at the junction with the

style. P. longifolia, var. cono turbinato, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 144.

P. longifolia, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 83, partly ; Meisn. in

DC. Prodr. xiv. 238, partly. Erodendrum umbonale, Knight, Prot.

35 ; Salisb. ex Steud. Nomencl. ed. 2, i. 589.

Sour Arrica : Known only from the figure in Andrews’ Botanists’ Repository,

which was prepared from a specimen, received from Schoenbrum.

It is somewhat doubtful whether Knight’s Zrodendron wmbonale is actually the

plant figured in Andrews’ Repository, t. 144. He describes it as having pale green

leaves with red nerves and margins, whereas Andrews’ plant is represented as

having uniformly dark green leaves. Knight's plant came from Hottentots

Holland. ‘

24. P. ligulefolia (Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. i. 346); leaves 5-7 in.

long, narrow strap-shaped, subacute, long-attenuated at the base ;

576 PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). [ Protea.

head sessile, almost 4 in. by 3 in., obovoid ; involucral bracts about

7-seriate ; outer broad lanceolate; inner all acute, glabrous, green

_with reddish tips and edges, linear, exceeding the flowers ; perianth-

sheath 2 in. long, hairy ; lip 1} in. long, produced into 2 long and

1 short awn ; awns densely purple-ciliate ; style narrowing above,

21 in. long, almost straight ; stigma kneed and curved at the

junction with the style. P. longifolia, var. ferruginoso-purpurea,

Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 133. P. longifolia, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc.

x. 83, partly ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 238, partly. Erodendrum

liguleefolium, Knight, Prot. 36.

Sourn Arrica: Known only from the figure in Andrews’ Botanists’ Repository,

which was prepared from a specimen in Hibbert’s Collection received from the

Imperial Garden at Schoenbrunn and probably introduced there by Scholl.

25. P. mellifera (Thunb. Diss. Prot. 34, 52) ; a large bush, 6-8 ft.

high ; branches glabrous; leaves 21-34 in. long, 2-4 lin. broad,

linear-oblanceolate or oblong, acute, attenuated at the base, with a

distinct midrib, glabrous; head shortly stipitate, 5 in. long, about

24 in. in diam., stipes scaly ; receptacle convex ; pale ovate, acute ;

involucral bracts 14-18-seriate, very viscid, those of the stipes

silky pubescent, the others glabrous, dark red to whitish-green

with pinkish tips and margins, but usually rosy pink ; outer ovate,

subacuminate, subacute, ciliate ; inner linear-oblong to broad-linear,

subacuminate or acute, exceeding the whitish flowers ; perianth-

sheath 12 in. long, membranous, dilated, keeled and 7-nerved

below, glabrous, excepting at the ciliate base; lip 14 in. long,

3-awned, glabrous; lateral awns 3} lin. long, filiform, with a tuft

of white hairs at their apices; median awn similar, 2} lin. long ;

stamens all fertile [sometimes the lower half of the anticous stamen

is devoid of pollen] ; filaments 1 lin. long, dilated; anthers linear,

1 in. long; apical glands 1 lin. long, linear ; ovary 2 lin. long,

obovate-oblong in outline, covered with long golden hairs; style

2-34 in. long, tapering above, furrowed, compressed, slightly swollen

and deeply furrowed above the ovary, glabrous ; stigma 1 in. long,

furrowed. Lam. Ill. i. 236; Bot. Mag. t. 346; Poir. Encycl. v. 646 ;

Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 522; R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 84; Roem. &

Schult. Syst. Veg. iti. 348; Wendl. Hort. Herrenhaus. iii. 3, t. 13 ;

Roupell, Cap. Flow. t. 7; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 239. P. repens,

Linn. Mant. alt. 189, not of Thunb. Leucadendron repens, a, Linn.

Spec. Pl. ed. i. 91; Syst. Nat. ed. xii. ii. 110; Berg. in Vet. Acad.

Handl. Stockh. 1766, 323. Erodendrum mellifluum, Knight, Prot. 34.

Scolymocephalus mellifer, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. 280. Lepi-

docarpodendron, foliis angustis, brevioribus, etc., Boerh. Ind. Pl. Hort.

Ludg. Bat. ii. 187, t. 187. Scolymocephalus seu Lepidocarpodendron

folit saligno B, Weinm. Phyt.iv. 289, t.896. Conifera africana, foliis

angustis, etc., Sloane in Philos. Trans. xvii. 66, with plate, ex R. Br. lc.

Var. 8, albiflora (Andr, Bot. Rep. t. 582); as in the type, but the involucral

bracts are pure white,

Sours Arrica : without locality, Drége! Sieber, 2! Forster! Ludwig! Ecklon,

316! Pappe! Boos! Scholl! Wawra, 107!

Protea.) PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). 577

Coast Recion: Worcester Div. ; Cooper, 1592! Cape Div. ; various localities

around Cape Town, Z'hunberg ! Andersson ! Wright! Wolley-Dod, 1232! Burchell,

810! Bolus, 3738! 3956! Scholl, 165! 790! MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Austr,-Afr.

783 ! Ecklon, 654! Drége! Krauss | ; ; Zeyher, 3662! Phillips, 269! Pappe, 16! ;

Stellenbosch Div.; Between Stellenbosch and Cape Flats, Burchell, 8375 |

Caledon Div. ; Houw Hoek Mountains, Zeyher, 3662! Albany Div. ; Grahams-

town, Zeyher, 3663! Coldstream, Misses Daly d& Sole, 249! Bothas Berg,

MacOwan, 771! Var. B: Paarl Div. ; ;. mountains between Wellington and Bains

Kloof, ex Phillips.

We have seen no Herbarium specimens of the variety, but Mr. Phillips saw

living plants growing on the mountain-sides along the road leading from

Wellington to Bains Kloof.

P., mellifera, Thunb., is named in the Linnean Herbarium P. repens and was

published as such by Linneus in his Mantissa, p. 189. Eighteen years pre-

viously he had published a description of this plant under the name of Leucadendron

repens (Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 91); his var. B being P. repens, Thunb. The specific

name repens is so inapplicable to this plant, while Thunberg’s name is so suitable

and has been in such general use that we have retained it.

26. P. longiflora (Lam. Ill. i. 234); a bush 8-10 ft. high;

branches tomentose, at length glabrous; leaves 11-3} in. long,

4—16 lin. broad, elliptic, more or less oblong, rather harrow, obtuse

or subacute, rounded or subcordate at the base, reticulately veined,

the younger pilose, at length glabrous, ciliate ; head sessile, 4 in.

long, 2-24 in. in diam. ; involucral bracts 11-seriate ; outer ovate,

subacuminate, obtuse or subacute, minutely whitish silky-pubescent,

ciliate ; inner elongated-oblong, yellowish-white silky-pubescent,

with a fringe of long cilia equalling the flowers; perianth-sheath

24 in. long, slender and thin above the middle, dilated and 3-keeled

below, shortly villous, the upper slender half spirally coiled in old

flowers ; lip 8-10 lin. long, 3-toothed, sparingly hairy on the sides,

glabrous on the back or nearly all over ; lateral teeth up to 2 lin.

long, hirsute or villous ; stamens all fertile, subsessile ; anthers

6 lin. long; apical glands } lin. long, lanceolate, swollen on the inner

face ; ovary 1} lin. long, ovoid, densely covered with long reddish-

brown hairs ; style 3 in. long, slender, straight, subterete, grooved

on one side, finely glabrous; stigma 6-8 lin. long, filiform,

with slightly thickened tips, gradually tapering into the style.

Poir. Encycl. v. 640; R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 76; Roem. &

Schult. Syst. Veg. iii. 343; Bot. Mag. t. 2720; Meisn. in DC.

Prodr. xiv. 234; var. latifolia, Klotzsch in Krauss, Beitr. Fl. Cap-

und Natal. 140; Klotzsch in Flora, 1845, 76. P. ovata, Thunb. in

Mém. Acad. Pétersb. 1813-14, 548, t. 17, and in Fl. Cap. ed. Schult.

139 ; Meisn. lc. 247. P. obliqua, Hort. Bollwill, 1835, ex Meisn.

lc. ; Kerner, Hort. Sempervir. xi. t. 489. Leucospernum? ovatum,

Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. iii. Mant. 266. Leucadendron aureum,

Burm. f. Fl. Cap. Prodr. 4. Erodendrum zmulum, Knight, Prot. 38.

Conocarpodendron folis subrotundo, ete., Boerh, Ind: Pl. Hort. Lugd.

Bat. ii. 199, t. 199.

Var. B, ovalis (E. P. Phillips); leaves 24 in. long, 14 in. broad, elliptic:

cordate, younger ciliate and pubescent at the base.

VOL. ¥.—SECT. I. 2P

578 PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). [ Protea.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Dréye, 3967! Sparrman! Scholl, 723 !

Coast Reeion: Swellendam Diy. ; foot of the Langeberg Range, near Swellen-

dam, Burchell, 7432! MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 782 | MacOwan,

2827! Fry in Herb. Galpin, 4987! Riversdale Div. ; summit of Kampsche Berg,

Burchell, 7109! George Div. ; Cradock Pass, Pappe! Montagu Pass, Bolus, 8688 !

Postberg and Zwart River, near George, Bowie! near George, Arauss, 1075!

Mossel Bay Div. ; Attaquas Kloof, Niven, 35! Dréye, 2007! Uitenhage Div. ;

Winterhoek Mountains, Krauss! Var. 8: cultivated specimen from Glasgow

Botanic Garden !

P. calycina, Schnevogt, Ic. Pl. Rar. t. 48, representing a plant, grown in the

Utrecht Gardens in 1794, is very probably referable to this species although the

leaves are shown as shortly petioled and acute.

27. P. subvestita (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1901, 132); a

shrub 8 ft. high; branches tomentose, at length glabrous ; leaves

sessile, 1}-34 in. long, 6-12 lin. broad, oblong, obtuse or subacute,

narrowed at the base, distinctly veined beneath, younger densely

woolly, becoming glabrous with age; head sessile, 2 in. long,

about 1? in. in diam. ; involucral bracts 6—8-seriate ; outer ovate,

acute, silky-pubescent, ciliate ; inner oblong, silky-pubescent, densely

fringed with hairs round the upper margin, exceeding the perianths,

but not the styles; perianth-sheath 14 in. long, very slender and

thin above, gradually dilated, 5-nerved and 3-keeled below, the

slender upper half at length spirally coiled up, rufo-hirsute except at

the base; lip about 5 lin. long, glabrous, 3-toothed ; lateral teeth

} lin. long, white woolly ; stamens all fertile, subsessile ; anthers

linear, 2} lin. long ; apical glands, } lin. long, ovate, obtuse, swollen

on the inner face; ovary 1} lin. long, oblong, covered with long

reddish hairs ; style 1} in. long, straight, tapering above, compressed

below, subterete above, grooved on one side, glabrous ; stigma 25 in.

long, very slender, obtuse, rather abruptly passing into the style.

Eastern Recion: Pondoland; Fakus Territory, Sutherland! Griqualand East ;

Tent Kop, Galpin, 6824! Insizwa Range, Krook, 1575! Natal; hill near Van

Reenen, Wood, 5631! Div. ? summit of Omaqua Mountain, Thode, 47!

Near B. hirta, Klotzsch, but differing in the shape of the outer involucral bracts.

28. P. lacticolor (Salisb. Parad. Lond. t. 27); a small tree

10 ft. high; branches tomentellous, at length glabrous; leaves

3-34 in. long, 7-12 ‘in. broad, lanceolate to lanceolate-oblong, sub-

acute, obtuse at the base, minutely punctate, distinctly veined,

tomentose at the base and midrib or glabrous ; head sessile,

2-2] in, long, about 2-24 in, in diam. ; involucral bracts 6-seriate,

silky-pubescent, yellowish-white ; outer ovate, ciliate ; inner oblong

or spathulate-oblong, with a long silky fringe at the apex, shorter

than the styles ; perianth-sheath very slender and thin, 1} in. long,

dilated, 3-keeled and faintly 5-nerved below, spirally twisted in old

flowers, rufo-pilose ; lip 7 lin. long, 3-toothed, otherwise glabrous ;

sparingly hairy along the edges ; lateral teeth hirsute, }-1 lin. long ;

median tooth } lin. long; stamens all fertile ; filaments } lin. long,

swollen, channelled ; anthers linear, 44 lin. long, apical glands } lin.

Protea. | PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). 579

long, ovate-lanceolate, subacute, keeled on the inner face; style 24

in. long, slightly curved, tapering above, faintly keeled on one side,

glabrous ; stigma 4} lin. long, filiform, slightly thickened at the

apex, rather abruptly passing into the much stouter style. P.

ochroleuca, Smith, Exot. Bot. ii. 43, t. 81. P. penicillata, E. Meyer

in Drege, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 82, 124; 213, partly ; Meisn. in DC.

Prodr, xiv. 235, partly. P. latericolor, Meisn. l.c. 248, in error.

Erodendrum bombycinum, Knight, Prot. 38; Salisb. ex Roem. &

Schult, Syst. Veg. iii. Mant. 263.

Var. B, angusta (E. P. Phillips) ; leaves narrowing at the base ; stigmas not

so distinctly clavate as in the type ; teeth of lip subequal, } lin. long.

Var. ¥, orientalis (E. P. Phillips) ; differing from the type in that the protruding

styles in old heads form a brush-like tuft. P. orientalis, Sim, For. Fl. Cap. 296,t. 128,

Coast REGion ; Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Dréye! Caledon Div. ; near

the River Zondereinde, Niven! George Div. ; Kaymans Gat, Dréye! Outeniqua

woods, Arauss! Knysna Div.; Knysna, Puppe! Mrs, Newdigate! Uitenhage

Div. ; Winterhoek Mountains, Arauss! Stockenstrom Div. ; Kat Berg, Baur,

1072! Cathcart Div.; Toise River Railway Station, Flanagan, 1703! Stutter-

heim Div. ; summit of Dohne Peak, (Galpin, 2426! Var. y: King Williamstown

Div. ; Perie, Sim, 1478!

Centrat Recon: Var. 8: Somerset Div. ; Bosch Berg, MacOwan, 1481!

29. P. Mundii (Klotzsch in Otto & Dietr. Gartenzeit., 1838,

113); branches tomentellous to tomentose above ; leaves 14—4} in.

long, 6-16 lin. broad, lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptic, subobtuse,

narrowing at the base, distinctly veined, glabrous or the youngest

leaves sometimes loosely pilose ; head sessile, 23-83 in. long, about

2 in. in diam. ; involueral bracts 11—12-seriate ; outer ovate, obtuse,

silky on the back, green, ciliate ; inner oblong or spathulate-oblong,

whitish pubescent to tomentose, fringed with white cilia, shorter

than the styles; perianth-sheath 1} in. long, slender and thin

above the middle, gradually dilated and 5-nerved below, not

keeled, the upper half at length coiled up, loosely hairy; lip 7 lin.

long, tridentate, glabrous, with a dense tuft of hairs at the apex ;

lateral teeth 1 lin. long; median tooth } lin, long; stamens all

fertile; filaments } lin. long, channelled down the middle ; anthers

linear, 3 lin. long ; apical glands } lin. long, ovate, subacuminate,

subacute, keeled on the inner face ; ovary covered with a tuft of

Jong brown hairs ; style 2 in. long, almost straight, keeled on one

side, compressed above the ovary, then more or less terete, glabrous ;

stigma 3 lin. long, furrowed, subcapitate at the apex, abruptly and

obliquely passing into the much stouter style, P. penicillata, E.

Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pl. Documente, 118, 126 ; 213, partly ; Meisn.

in DC. Prodr. xiv. 235, partly. P. longiflora, Lam., var. Mundii, Link,

Klotzsch & Otto, Ic. Pl. Rar. i. 55, t. 22; Krauss, Beitr. Fl. Cap-

und Natall, 140 and in Flora, 1845, 76. P. ovalis, Buck, ea. Meisn. le.

Coast Recon: Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drége ! Kynsna Div. ; between

Plettenbergs Bay and Knysna, Burchell, 5351! Plettenbergs Bay, Pappe!

Paarde Berg, Burchell, 5194! Uniondale Div. ; Outeniqua Mountains, near

Avontuur, “Bilas, 2452! Humansdorp Div. ; near the Kromme River, Dréyc !

2p 2

580 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). | Protea.

Uitenhage Div. ; Van Stadens Berg, Drége. Burchell, 4687! Stutterheim Div. ;

Mountain slopes near Stutterheim, Flanagan, 1703!

Eastern Recion: Transkei ; mountains near Barzeia, Baur, 624!

30. P. curvata (N. E. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1901, 131); a

tree 15 ft. or more high; branches thick, rough, glabrous or

minutely pubescent at the apex; leaves 4-7 in. long, 43-7 lin.

broad, faleate, linear-oblanceolate, obtuse, long attenuated at the

base, indistinctly veined, with a distinct midrib, glabrous ; head

sessile, 24 in. long, about 2 in. in diam.; young heads ovoid ;

involucral bracts 8—9-seriate, tomentose on the lower half, at

length glabrous, minutely ciliate; outer ovate, subacuminate,

obtuse, inner oblong, not equalling the flowers; perianth-sheath

pubescent excepting the lower part of the 1} in.long dilated

3-keeled and 7-nerved base; lip 11 lin. long, deeply 3-toothed,

keeled, tomentose ; lateral teeth 1} lin. long, tomentose excepting

at the glabrous tips; median tooth 1 lin. long, filiform ; stamens

all fertile ; anthers linear, 5 lin. long; apical glands 2 lin. long,

lanceolate, acute, swollen on the inner face; ovary 1 lin. long,

covered with long yellow-brown hairs; style 2 in. long, flattened

below, trigonous above, furrowed, glabrous; stigma 5 lin. long,

obtuse, faintly bent at the junction with the style.

KataHart Region : Transvaal ; hill-sides near Barberton, Galpin, 973 !

31. P. grandiflora (Thunb. Diss. Prot. 56); branches glabrous ;

leaves very variable in shape and size, linear-oblong to obovate,

3-7 in. long, 4-2 in. broad, obtuse, glaucous, distinctly veined,

glabrous ; head subsessile, 2? in. long, about 3 in. in diam., globose

when young, usually contracted into a short scaly stipes ; involucral

bracts 13-seriate, finely silky-canescent, at length glabrescent, outer

ovate, obtuse, inner oblong or spathulate-oblong, convex, not equal-

ling the corolla; perianth-sheath 1 in. iong, pubescent towards the

lip, otherwise glabrous, excepting on the ciliate margins of the

dilated 7-nerved and 3-keeled base ; lip 8 lin. long, 3-toothed,

whitish-tomentose excepting on the glabrescent back ; lateral teeth

oblong, 1-1} lin. long; median tooth up to } lin. long ; stamens all

fertile, subsessile ; anthers linear, 5 lin. long; apical gland } lin.

long, lanceolate, swollen on the inner face; ovary covered with

long fulvous or reddish hairs ; style 2 in. long, curved, narrowed

upwards from a widened and compressed base, glabrous; stigma

44 lin. long, hardly differentiated from the style, very slender,

slightly thickened at the apex. Lam. Ill. i. 234; Thunb. Prodr. i.

27 and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 137 ; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 530; Poir. Eneycl.

Suppl. v. 640; R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 85 incl. var. B ; Roem.

& Schult. Syst. Veg. iii. 348; Mant. 265 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv.

236 ; var. angustifolia, Ker in Bot. Reg. t. 569; var. latifolia, Bot.

Mag. t. 2447. P. marginata, Lam. Ill. i. 235 (according to Poiret,

Le.). P. laurifolia, Buek ea Meisn. lc. Leucadendron cinaroides B,

Linn. Spec. Pl. ed. 1, i. 92. Erodendrum grandiflorum, Knight, Prot.

Protea.| PROTEACE& (Phillips & Stapf). 581

42. Lepidocarpodendron folio saligno, ete., Boerh. Ind. Pl. Hort.

Iugd, Bat. ii. 183, t. 183. Scolymocephalus foliis oblongis, ete.

Weinm. Phyt. iv. t. 891.

SoutH AFRica: without locality, Thunberg ! Labillardiere! Niven! Mund!

Coast Recion: Paarl Div. ; Paarl Mountain, Drége! Cape Div. ; Camps Bay,

Zeyher ! Table Mountain, Pappe! Bolus, 4801! Phillips! Krauss! Simons Town,

Wright! Caledon Div. ; Baviaans Kloof, near Genadendal, Burchell, 7902! Vogel

Gat, Schlechter, 10420! Swellendam Div. ; near Swellendam, Fry in Herb,

Galpin, 4982! Humansdorp Div. ; by the Kromme River, Burchell, 4885 !

CENTRAL Reaion: Ceres Div. ; Leeuwen Fontein, 2500 ft., Pearson, 3684!

32. P. trigona (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 230) ; branches

hairy at the insertion of the leaves, otherwise glabrous ; leaves

24-4} in. long, 9-12 lin. broad, oblong-lanceolate to oblong, obtuse,

slightly narrowed at the base, distinctly veined, glabrous or sub-

glaucous ; head constricted into a very short scaly stipes, 24 in.

long, about 3 in. in diam. ; receptacle slightly concave ; involucral

bracts 9—11-seriate; outer ovate, subacuminate, obtuse, densely

silky-pubescent to tomentose below, glabrescent above ; inner

oblong, concave, silky-pubescent on the back, glabrescent on the

sides and tips, shorter than the flowers; perianth-sheath 1} in.

long, glabrous at the dilated, 3-keeled and 7-nerved base, in-

creasingly hairy above ; lip 8 lin. long, 3-toothed, densely villous on

the sides, glabrescent on the back; teeth subequal, | lin. long,

ovate, acuminate, densely whitish-tomentose ; stamens all fertile,

sessile; anthers linear, 44 lin. long; apical glands } lin. long,

ovate or suborbicular, obtuse, swollen on the inner face; ovary

1} lin. long, elliptic, covered with long reddish-yellow hairs ;

hypogynous scales } lin. long, ovate, subacuminate, obtuse ; style

1} in. long, more or less trigonous and grooved, glabrous ; stigma

41 lin. long, filiform, obtuse, faintly swollen and bent at the junction

with the style.

KataHart REGION : Transvaal! Derde Poort, near Pretoria, Miss Leendertz, 679 !

Very near to and probably not specifically distinct from P. abyssinica, Willd.

33. P. abyssinica (Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 522); a tree 12-15 ft. high ;

branches pilose especially at the insertion of the leaves, or, in the 8.

African specimens, usually glabrous ; leaves 2-6 in. long, 4-10 lin.

broad, oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, subacute or obtuse, narrowing

to the base, coriaceous, prominently veined, pilose above and beneath,

or more often glabrous ; head often contracted into a scaly stipes,

24 in. long, about 24 in. in diam. ; involucral bracts 11-seriate,

densely silky-tomentose ; outer broad-ovate, obtuse ; inner oblong,

or cuneate-oblong, convex, shorter than the flowers ; perianth-sheath

11 in. long, dilated and 3-keeled below, fulvously villous, glabrous

at the base; lip 9 lin. long, 3-toothed, villous to the tips of the

teeth, excepting on the glabrous or glabrescent back ; lateral teeth

14 lin. long; median tooth } lin. long, lanceolate, acuminate ;

stamens all fertile; filaments } lin. long, expanded, concave ;

582 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). | Protea.

anthers linear, 5 lin. long ; apical glands } lin. long, elliptic ; ovary

1} lin. long, obovate, covered by a dense tuft of long reddish-brown

hairs ; hypogynous scales } lin. long, ovate, obtuse; style 1} in.

long, more or less curved and faintly grooved, glabrous ; stigma

4-5 lin, long, filiform, obtuse, slightly bent at the junction with the

style. R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 85; Meisn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 237 ; Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 232; Baker d& C. H. Wright in

Dyer, Flor. Trop. Afr. vi. i. 199. P. Gaguedi, Gmel. Syst. 225.

Guaguedi (native name), Bruce, Abyss. v. 52, with a plate.

Katanari Region: Transvaal; various localities, Mrs. Saunders, 81! Burtt-

Davy, 144! 3541; 5647! Miss Pegler, 941! Pole Evans, 2963!

_ Also in Tropical Africa.

34. P. hirta (Klotzsch in Flora, 1845, 76, and in Beitr. FI.

Cap- und Natall. 140); branches hirsute; leaves 1-4 in. long,

}-1} in. broad, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, attenuate at the

base, with subprominent venation, loosely villous to glabrescent ;

head 25 in. long, about 24 in. in diam., terminal, sometimes

lateral, turbinate at the base and sometimes shortly constricted

into a scaly stipe; involucral bracts 8-seriate, silky-tomentose,

outer ovate, obtuse or subacute; inner oblong, exceeding

the flowers; perianth-sheath over 1 lin. long, slightly expanded

below, densely whitish-villous excepting at the glabrous base ; lip

7 lin. long, whitish-villous, 3-toothed ; lateral teeth 1 lin. long,

intermediate much shorter ; stamens all fertile, subsessile ; filaments

} lin. long, flattened ; anthers linear, 2-3 lin. long ; apical glands

} lin. long, subsessile, linear, swollen on the inner face; ovary

1 lin. long, globose, covered with a tuft of long whitish hairs ; style

1} in. long more or less curved, slender, glabrous ; stigma 3 lin.

long, filiform, obtuse, very slightly bent at the junction with;the style.

KaLanart ReEcIon : Transvaal ; Magaliesberg Range, Burke, 318 ! Zeyher, 1455!

around Pretoria, Jause, 80! Crawley, 5069! Reck, 3796! 4311! Burtt-Davy,

9101! Ridges near Johannesburg, Mrs. De Jongh in Herb. Galpin, 1477! Burtt-

Davy, 4002! by the Koster River, Rustenburg, Buritt-Davy, 156!

Eastern Reeton: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 577! near Durban, Wood, 8044! near

the Umlaas River, Arauss, 202, and without precise locality, Gerrard, 1516 ! Mrs.

AK. Saunders,

35. P. Dykei (Phillips); branches glabrous, with almost black

bark ; leaves narrowly obovate-oblanceolate, obtuse, 1-1} in. long,

5-6 lin. broad, glabrous, dull, coriaceous, faintly veined ; heads

sessile, somewhat over 2 in. long and wide; receptacle conical ;

involucral bracts about 8-seriate, white-silky-pubescent and ciliate ;

outer ovate, obtuse, inner narrowly oblong, obtuse, much shorter

than the flowers ; perianth-sheath 14-1} in. long, slender, 7-nerved,

widened and 3-keeled at the base for about } in., white-pubescent

outside and along the margins within all along to about 3 lin. from

the base ; lip 443 lin. long, white-pubescent on the back, shortly

villous on the sides, 3-awned, lateral awns stout, about 3 lin. long,

Protea, PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). 583

white villous with interspersed reddish hairs, middle awn somewhat

shorter ; anticous segment with a finely filiform 1- (rarely 3-)nerved

claw and a very narrow limb, otherwise in size and tomentum as

the fused segments ; fertile stamens 3, the anticous more or less

imperfect ; filament }—} lin. long ; anther 1} lin, long ; apical gland

oblong, 4 lin. long; ovary obconical, 7} lin. long ; style laterally

much compressed, at the base wider than the ovary, gradually

tapering, not quite 2 in. long, incurved, glabrous ; stigma 1$ lin.

long, capitate ; hypogynous scale obliquely ovate, } lin. long.

Coast Recion : Uitenhage Div. ; Coxcombe Mountain, Dyke, 2676! & in Herb.

Marloth, 4977!

36. P. rupicola (Mund ex Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 236);

branches glabrous; leaves oblanceolate, obtuse with a minute

callous blunt point, cuneately attenuated at the base, 14-2 in. long,

1 to almost } in. broad, thickly coriaceous, subglaucous, drying

reddish-brown, glabrous, obscurely veined ; head subsessile, about

2 in. long and wide; involucral bracts about 6-7-seriate, those of

the first 5 or 6 series gradually increasing in size, those of the

last exceeding the preceding by almost | in. ; outer ovate-oblong to

elliptic-oblong, obtuse, finely silky-pubescent, soon glabrescent ;

inner oblong-linear to spathulate-linear, obtuse, fulvously villosulous,

more or less glabrescent at length in the upper part, equalling the

dull red flowers ; perianth-sheath somewhat over | in. long, slender,

fulvously and spreadingly villous down to the middle of the widened

5-nerved and 3-keeled base, then glabrous ; lip 4 lin. long, 3-toothed,

membranous, fulvously villous along the sides and on the teeth,

glabrous on the back ; lateral teeth 14 lin. long, intermediate } lin.

long ; stamens all fertile ; filaments filiform, slightly wider above,

1-1} lin. long ; anthers oblong-linear, 1}—1 3 lin. long ; apical glands

1 lin. long, ovate, subacute; ovary covered with reddish-fulvous

hairs ; style rather strongly curved, 1} in. long, laterally compressed,

3 lin. broad below, gradually tapering upwards ; stigma 1} lin. long,

obtuse, grooved, set off from the style by a slight and sudden bend.

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div. ; top of Great Winterhoek Mountain, Mund ;

5000 ft., Bolus, 4194!

37. P. glabra (Thunb. Diss. Prot. 42) ; branches glabrous ; leaves

14-2} in. long, 6-10 lin. broad, lanceolate or obovate-lanceolate,

obtuse or subacute, attenuated at the base, indistinctly nerved,

glabrous ; head sessile, 14~2 in. long, about 13 in, in diam. ;

involucral bracts 6-seriate, silky-pubescent, at length becoming

glabrous, ciliate; outer ovate, obtuse ; inner oblong, becoming

convex, shorter than the flowers ; perianth-sheath over | in. long,

glabrous, with a few hairs towards the lip ; lip 6 lin. long, 3-toothed

above, tomentose to villous excepting at the glabrous back, ciliate

at the apex ; lateral teeth } lin. long, villous ; median tooth 3 lin.

long ; stamens all fertile; filaments } lin, long; flattened ; anthers

linear, 2} lin. long; apical glands } lin. long, ovate, obtuse, con-

584 PROTEACE” (Phillips & Stapf). | Protea,

spicuously swollen on the inner face; ovary } lin. long, oblong,

covered with a tuft of light fulvous hairs; style 1} in. long, more

or less grooved, glabrous; stigma 2} lin. long, linear, truncate,

slightly curved at the junction with the style. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 138 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 247. P. buekiana, Meisn.

in DC. Prodr. xiv. 236. P. pyrifolia, Buek ex Meisn. le. P.

grandiflora, B angustifolia, Drége ex Meisn. lc. P. Banksii, Klotzsch

ex Meisn. lc. Leucadendron Thunbergii, Endl. Gen. Suppl. iv. ii. 75.

SourH Arnica : without locality, Thunberg !

Coast Reaton : Clanwilliam Div. ; Lange Kloof, Schlechter, 8391! between

Clanwilliam and Bosch Kloof, Drége !

CentraL Recton: Calvinia Div. ; between Grasberg River and Watervals

River, Drége !

38. P. recondita (Buek ex Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 237);

branches glabrous, glaucous ; leaves 3-4} in. long, 1-2 in. broad at

the widest part, 2 lin. wide at the base, obovate, cuneate, obtuse,

distinctly veined, glabrous, glaucous; head sessile, 14-23 in. long,

about 2 in. in diam., globose ; involucral bracts 7—8-seriate, glabrous ;

outer ovate, subacuminate, subobtuse ; inner oblong, slightly convex,

equalling the flowers ; perianth-sheath 12 lin. long, glabrous excepting

for a few reddish setule near the lip, dilated, 5-nerved and 3-keeled

below ; lip 3 lin. long, glabrous or spatingly setulose ; stamens all

fertile ; filaments y lin. long and broad, thin ; anthers linear-elliptic,

2 lin. long ; apical glands } lin. long, ovate, subobtuse ; ovary 4 lin.

long, oblanceolate in outline, swollen above, covered with long

reddish-brown hairs ; style over 1 in. long, faleate from a short,

almost straight base, 1 lin. wide, tapering upwards, compressed,

glabrous ; stigma 14-2 lin. long, linear, obtuse, grooved, almost

imperceptibly passing into the style.

PTR Reaion: Clanwilliam Div.; Cedarberg Range, at Ezelabank, Drége,

39. P. convexa (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 235); a shrub

up to 10 ft. high ; leaves 5-9 in. long, 2-34 in. broad at the widest

part, obovate-oblong, obtuse, bluntly-mucronate, prominently veined,

glaucous, glabrous ; head sessile, 2 in. long, about 3 in. in diam. ;

receptacle 9 lin, high, hemispherical ; paleze ovate, subacute ;

involucral bracts 10—12-seriate ; outer elliptic-ovate, obtuse, glabrous,

ciliolate ; inner spathulate-oblong or spathulate linear, glabrous or

minutely pubescent on the back ; perianth-sheath 10 lin. long,

dilated, 3-keeled and usually 9- (sometimes 7-)nerved below, whitish-

pubescent above, glabrous below excepting on the ciliate margins ;

lip 3 lin. long, 3-toothed, sides pubescent, back glabrescent, top

villous, the villi concealing the subequal teeth, which are } lin. long ;

stamens all fertile ; anthers subsessile, 2 lin. long ; apical glands

+ lin. long, ovate, subobtuse ; ovary 5 lin. long, linear-oblong,

covered with long golden-yellow hairs ; style 9 lin, long, falcate,

Protea. | PROTEACES (Phillips & Stapf). 585

flattened and up to } lin. broad below, much attenuated above,

glabrous; stigma 1} lin. long, subulate, grooved, obtuse, almost

imperceptibly passing into the style.

Coast Recion : Laingsburg Div. ; on the Witteberg Range near Matjesfontein,

Marloth, 3209!

40. P. punctata (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 238); branches

tomentose ; leaves 1}—2 in. long, 6-14 lin. broad, elliptic-oblong or

oblong-oblanceolate, obtuse or subacute, rounded or attenuated at

the base, with the venation more prominent beneath than above,

the younger leaves villous-tomentose, soon woolly glabrous ; head

sessile, 14-2 in. long, about 1} in. in diam.; receptacle flat ;

involucral scales 5-seriate, silky-tomentose, at length becoming

glabrous ; outer ovate, obtuse; inner oblong, ciliate round the

apex, equalling the flowers; perianth-sheath tube 8 lin. long,

membranous, rufous-hirsute excepting at the 3-keeled glabrous base ;

lip 7 lin. long, tridentate, glabrous; teeth subequal, } lin. long,

obtuse ; stamens all fertile; filaments } lin. long, dilated and

concave; anthers linear, 5} lin. long; apical glands } lin. long,

lanceolate, with a swelling on the inner face; style 1} in. long,

slightly curved or flexuous, compressed and dilated below, glabrous ;

stigma 53 lin. long, filiform, gradually passing into the style.

P. carlescens, E. Meyer ex Meisn.l.c. P. coriacea, Buek ex Meisn. l.c.

Coast Reaion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Cedarberg Range, near Ezelsbank, Drége !

Centra Reaion: Prince Albert Div. ; Great Zwartberg Range, Drége, 2009!

Hallack in Herb. Galpin, 3075 !

41, P. caffra (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 237) ; branches glabrous ;

leaves 33-43 in. long, 8-11 lin. broad, lanceolate or oblong-lanceo-

late, obtuse or retuse, narrowing at the base, indistinctly veined,

glabrous ; head contracted at the base into a scaly stipes, 24 in.

long, about 24 in. in diam., globose ; involucral bracts 16-seriate,

densely tomentose, at length glabrous ; outer ovate, obtuse ; inner

oblong-elliptic, incurved, not equalling the flowers ; perianth-sheath

glabrous, base dilated, 3-keeled with distinct intracarinal nerves ;

lip 6 lin. long, 3-toothed, 3-keeled, glabrous ; stamens all fertile ;

filaments } lin. long, flattened, concave; anthers linear, 4} lin.

long ; apical glands } lin, long, elliptic, swollen on the inner face ;

ovary 3 lin. long, narrowly oblong, covered with a tuft of long

reddish-brown hairs ; style 1} in. long, curved in the lower half,

tapering from the base upwards, slender above ; stigma up to 6} lin.

long, finely filiform, grooved, obtuse, almost imperceptibly passing

into the style.

Katanari Recon : Basutoland, Leribe, Mrs. Dieterlen! Transvaal ; Magalies-

berg Range, Zeyher, 1458! Heidelberg, Burtt-Davy, 5646! Zeerust, Burtt-Davy,

107 ! Rustenburg, Collins, 34!

586 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). [| Protea,

42. P. rhodantha (Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 7331); branches

glabrous ; leaves up to 54 in. long and 14 lin. broad, lanceolate,

subacute, slightly narrowed at the base, distinctly veined, with the

midrib prominent in the lower half, glabrous; head contracted at

the base into a scaly stipes, 2-2} in. long, and as wide, receptacle

shortly conical; involucral bracts about 10-seriate ; outer ovate,

subacuminate, green or more or less pink, evanescently silky-

pubescent below, ciliolate; inner oblong, rose-colour, glabrous,

shorter than the flowers; perianth-sheath 12 lin. long, dilated,

3-keeled and 5-nerved below, membranous, glabrous, excepting at

the sides which are rufo-pubescent within, middle portion spirally

coiled in old flowers; lip 5 lin. long, orange, 3-toothed, 3-keeled,

glabrous excepting at the minutely hirsute tips; teeth subequal,

} lin. long; stamens all fertile, subsessile ; anthers linear, 3 lin.

long ; apical glands x lin. long, elliptic, swollen on the inner face ;

ovary up to 2 lin. long, oblong in outline, covered with long reddish-

yellow hairs ; style 1} lin. long, distinctly swollen above the ovary,

almost equally wide up to , then strongly curved and tapering,

glabrous ; stigma 3-3} lin. long, filiform, obtuse, slightly wavy at

ae junction with the style. P. Bolusii, Phillips in Kew Bulletin,

1910, 231,

Katanart Recron : Transvaal; Pilgrims Rest (a plant raised from seeds at

Kew), Horn ! Swaziland, between Dalriach and Forbes Reef, Bolus, 12265!

43. P. multibracteata (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 230) ;

branches glabrous ; leaves 3—5 in. long, 4-8 lin. broad, linear-lanceo-

late to linear, subacute or subobtuse, narrowing at the base, distinctly

or indistinctly veined, glabrous ; heads peduncled, contracted at the

into a scaly stipes 4-10 lin, long, 24-3 in. long, about 2} in.

in diam.; involucral bracts 14-20-seriate ; outer ovate, subacu-

minate, obtuse, finely silky-pubescent on the back ; inner oblong or

spathulate-oblong, equalling or slightly shorter than the flowers ;

perianth-sheath 1}-1} in. long, dilated, 3-keeled and 7-nerved

below, membranous, densely pilose within; lip 5-6 lin. long,

3-toothed, usually glabrous or very sparingly pilose ; lateral teeth

? lin. long; median tooth } lin. long ; stamens al] fertile, subsessile ;

anthers linear, 4 lin. long; apical glands 1-1 lin. long, ovate,

obtuse ; ovary 1} lin. long, obovoid, covered with long reddish-

brown hairs; style about 1} in. long, slightly curved or flexuous,

tapering above, somewhat compressed, glabrous ; stigma 3}—4} lin.

long, filiform, obtuse, passing almost imperceptibly into the style.

P. Pegleri, Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 230. P. natalensis,

Phillips, 1c. 231. P. Baurii, Phillips, l.c. 232. |

“Coast Reaton: King Williamstown Div. ; Perie Mountains, Perke in Herb.

Galpin, 5828! British Kaffraria, Cooper, 86 !

Eastern Reoion: Transkei; uear Kentani, Miss Pegler, 274! Tembuland ;

Bazeia, Baur, 721! Natal ; between Umlazi River and Durban, Krauss, 176! on

the Drakensberg, Cooper, 951 !

Protea, | PROTEACKA (Phillips & Stapf). 587

44. P. tenax (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soe. x. 88) ; stem decum-

bent ; branches softly hirsute, then glabrescent ; leaves 4—6 in. long,

4—6 lin. broad above, 1} lin. broad below, oblanceolate to linear-

oblanceolate, subacute, long attenuate at the base, more or less

vernicose, indistinctly veined, with a distinct midrib, glabrous or

scantily hirsute with long soft hairs, particularly towards the base

and along the margin ; head sessile, 2 in. long, about 24 in. in diam. ;

receptacle conical ; pales ovate, acute ; involucral bracts 6-seriate ;

outer ovate, obtuse, silky-pubescent, at length glabrous, inner

spathulate-oblong, concave, silky-pubescent, ciliate, equalling the

flowers ; perianth-sheath 9 lin. long, dilated, 3-keeled and 5-nerved

below, the membranous upper part at length spirally coiling up,

glabrous ; lip 4 lin. long, 3-keeled, glabrous, dentate ; lateral teeth

} lin. long, linear-lanceolate, villous; median tooth } lin. long ;

stamens all fertile ; filaments } lin. long, dilated, concave ; anthers

linear, 2 lin. long; apical glands } lin. long, ovate, swollen on the

inner face ; hypogynous scales ovate, obtuse; ovary 2 lin. long,

oblong in outline, covered with numerous long dark-brown hairs ;

style 10 lin. long, slightly curved, tapering above, compressed,

swollen above the ovary, glabrous; stigma 2 lin. long, grooved,

obtuse, almost imperceptibly passing into the style. Roem. & Schult.

Syst. Veg. iii. 350; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 244, P. caulescens,

E. Meyer ex Meisn. l.e., partly. P. undulata, Phillips in Kew Bulletin,

1910, 233. Erodendrum tenax, Salisb. Parad. t. 70. E. foetidum,

Knight, Prot. 46.

Van. B, latifolia (Meisn, in DC. Prodr. xiv. 244); shrub 14-23 ft. high ; leaves

3-54 iu. long, 6-16 lin. broad, lanceolate or obovate-cuneate. P. caulescens,

E. Meyer ex Meisn. l.c., partly. P. magnolixfolia, Buek ex Meisn. lc,

Coast Recion: Uniondale Div. ; plains in Lange Kloof, Niven! Uitenhage

Div. ; Galgebosch and Van Stadens Berg, Drége, 3361! Alexandria Div. ; Zuur-

berg Range, Dréye, 2009! Var. 8: Uitenhage Div. ; Van Stadens Berg, Pappe !

Burchell, 4755! Albany Div.; Assegaibosch, Zeyher, 3667! between Riebeck

East and Grahamstown, Burchell, 3508! Zwartwater Poort, Burchell, 3436! near

Grahamstown, MacOwan, 1203! Pym, 1174! Misses Daly d: Sole, 473 ! Howisons

Poort, Galpin, 26 !

45. P. transvaalensis (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1911, 84);

branches glabrous, bark almost black lower down ; leaves 3-4 in,

long (rarely less than 24 in. long), 3-14 in. broad, oblong to

oblanceolate, obtuse, narrowed at the base, distinctly pinnately

veined, glabrous, with thin transparent cartilaginous margins ; head

(immature) sessile, 13-2 in. long, about 1 in. in diam., oblong ;

receptacle slightly convex; involucral bracts 10-seriate, more or

less minutely fulvously ciliate; outer ovate, subobtuse, very

minutely pubescent below or almost glabrous ; inner oblong, obtuse,

glabrous, or sometimes minutely pubescent near the apex ; perianth-

sheath over 1 in. long, dilated and 7-nerved below, glabrous

outside, fulvously pubescent within from the widened base upwards ;

lip 7 lin. long, 3-toothed, glabrous for the greater part, but sparsely

hairy towards the teeth and along the sides (but the limb of the

588 PROTEACE® (Phillips & Stapf). | Protea.

anticous perianth-segment fulvously pilose); lateral teeth ? lin.

long, oblong, fulvously villous ; median tooth } lin. long, narrower

than the 2 lateral teeth; stamens subsessile; filaments concave ;

anthers linear, 4} lin. long; apical glands } lin. long, ovate, swollen

on the inner face; hypogynous scales } lin. long, } lin: broad,

oblong, obtuse; ovary 1 lin. long, covered with long hairs ; style

over | in. long, slender, glabrous; stigma 4} lin. long, filiform,

obtuse, furrowed, almost imperceptibly passing into the style.

Karanart Reaion: Transvaal ; Goedgeluk, Zoutpans Berg, Burtt-Davy, 5179!

46. P. Flanaganii (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 232) ; branches

glabrous ; leaves 34-5 in. long, occasionally 14 in. long, 3-7 lin.

broad above, }-1} lin. broad at the base, linear-oblanceolate to

strap-shaped, obtuse or subacute, narrowed or attenuated at the

base, glabrous ; head sessile, 2} in. long, about 2} in. in diam. ;

involucral bracts 8-10-seriate ; outer ovate, obtuse, minutely silky-

pubescent on the lower half or glabrous ; inner oblong or spathulate-

oblong, exceeding the flowers; perianth-sheath 12-14 lin. long,

dilated, 3-keeled and 7-nerved below, fulvous-pubescent or villosulous

within in the upper part; glabrous outside, ciliate, lip 54 lin. long,

3-toothed, glabrous or with scattered stiff hairs ; lateral teeth ? lin.

long, broadly oblong, ciliate ; median tooth 4 lin. long, ovate, acumi-

nate ; stamens all fertile, sessile; anthers linear, 34-4} lin. long ;

apical glands } lin. long, elliptic, obtuse, swollen on the inner face ;

ovary 2 lin. long, obovate-oblong, covered with yellowish-red hairs ;

style 1} in. long, somewhat flexuous, glabrous, bulbously thickened

above the ovary, then constricted, then widening and compressed to

the middle, whence gradually tapering; stigma 34-44 lin. long,

very slender, obtuse, passing gradually or with a small bend into

the style.

Coast Recion: Komgha Diy, ?; Gwenkala River, Flanagan, 804!

Eastern Reciow: Transkei; near Kentani, Miss Pegler, 274!

The material of Pegler, 274, consists of a barren shoot and a detached head.

The smaller leaf measurements all refer to the barren shoot.

47, P. simplex (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 232); stem

simple, }-1} ft. high, glabrous ; leaves 2-3} in. long, 3-8 lin. broad,

oblanceolate to linear-lanceolate, acute or subobtuse, long attenuated

at the base, indistinctly veined, with a distinct midrib, glabrous ;

head sessile, 1} in, long, about 1} in. in diam. ; involucral bracts

6-seriate, glabrous or the outermost sometimes minutely silky-

pubescent ; outer ovate, subacuminate, obtuse; inner oblong,

equalling the flowers ; perianth-sheath 9 lin. long, dilated, 3-keeled

and 7-nerved below, fulvous-villosulous within in the upper part;

lip 54 lin. long, 3-toothed, glabrous; lateral teeth 3 lin. long;

oblong; median tooth } lin. long, ovate, acuminate, setulose ;

stamens all fertile, subsessile ; anthers linear, 23 lin. long 5 apical

glands ovate, obtuse, swollen on the inner face; hy ous Se

| lin, long, elliptic, acuminate, obtuse ; ovary 24 lin. long, oblong 9

Protea. | PROTEACE& (Phillips & Stapf). 589

outline, covered with reddish-brown hairs ; style 10} lin. long, slightly

flexuous, bulbously thickened above the ovary, then constricted and

subterete ; stigma 2? lin. long, very slender, obtuse, slightly wavy

at the junction with the style.

KaLAHARI Reaion: Swaziland ; near Embabaan, Burtt-Davy, 2767! 2896!

Eastern Recion: Tembuland ; Bazeia Mountains, Baur, 608! Griqualand

East ; Pot River Berg, Galpin, 6823! Natal; Gerrard, 721! Sutherland !

48. P. lanceolata (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 213,

name only) ; a bush 6 ft. high ; branches glabrous ; leaves 1-2} in.

long, 3-5 lin. broad, oblanceolate, obtuse, attenuated at the base,

indistinctly veined, glabrous ; head sessile, 2 in. long, about 1} in.

in diam. ; involucral bracts 9-11-seriate, glabrous; outer ovate,

subacuminate, obtuse, with dark margins and tips ; inner oblong,

shorter than the flowers ; perianth-sheath much widened, 7-nerved

and 3-keeled and glabrous up to 5-6 lin. from the base, then much

attenuated, sparingly setulose outside and rufo-pubescent within,

1 in. long ; lip 7-8 lin. long, glabrous or with a few setule at the

apex, 3-toothed, 3-keeled ; teeth subequal, } lin. long; stamens all

fertile, sessile ; anthers linear, 6 lin. long ; apical glands } lin. long,

oblong, obtuse ; style over 1} in. long, somewhat flexuous upwards,

glabrous, bulbously thickened above the ovary, very slender above ;

stigma finely filiform, 4—5 lin. long, obtuse, imperceptibly passing

into the style; fruit 3-4 lin. long, cylindric-obovoid, crowned

by the persistent bulbous base of the style. Metsn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 240.

Coast Reaion: Riversdale Div. ; Zandhoogte, Muir in Herb. Galpin, 5306!

Hooge Kraal, near Zoetemelks River, Drége! Mossel Bay Div.; Honig Klip,

Drége | ; Between Mossel Bay and Cape St. Blaize, Burchell, 6258 !

49. P. Doddii (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1911, 82); a small

shrub 12-14 in. high; branches glabrous ; leaves 1}—2} in. long,

24-24 lin. broad, linear to linear-oblanceolate, obtuse, narrowed at

the base, indistinctly veined, with a somewhat sunken midrib,

glabrous ; head sessile, 2 in. long, about 1} in. in diam. ; receptacle

slightly convex ; palee ovate, acute; involucral bracts 12-seriate ;

outer ovate, acute or subacute, glabrous or the very lowest silky-

pubescent and ciliate; inner oblong, obtuse, concave, glabrous,

equalling the flowers; perianth-sheath 10-11 lin. long, dilated,

3-keeled and 7-nerved below, glabrous except on the puberulous

sides within ; lip 44 lin. long, 3-toothed, 3-keeled, glabrous with

little tufts of setule on the tips of the teeth; teeth equal, 3 lin.

long ; stamens sessile ; anthers linear, 3 lin. long; apical glands

1 lin. long, ovate, obtuse ; ovary 1 lin. long, obovate-elliptic in

outline, covered with long brownish-yellow hairs ; style 1} in. long,

bulbously thickened at the base, then slender, flexuous, glabrous ;

stigma 3 lin. long, filiform, obtuse, passing with a slight bend into

the style.

Coast Reaton: East London Div, ; between Gonubie and Quinera Rivers, Dodd

in Herb. Galpin, 7936 ! ;

590 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). [ Protea.

50. P. Marlothii (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 233) ; branches

glabrous ; leaves 24-3 in. long, 3-7 lin. broad, oblanceolate, acute,

mucronate, narrowing at the base, distinctly veined, glabrous ;

heads sessile, 3 in. long, about 3 in. in diam.; receptacle 9 lin.

high, conical; involucral bracts 13-seriate, glabrous ; outer orbi-

cular-ovate, obtuse, oblong, shorter than the flowers; perianth-

sheath 9 lin. long, expanded and 5-nerved below, setose outside in

the upper part, otherwise glabrous; lip 3 lin. long, 3-toothed,

setose ; teeth subequal, } lin. long; stamens all fertile ; anthers

subsessile, linear, 1? lin. long; apical glands } lin. long, ovate,

obtuse ; hypogynous scales } lin. long, } lin. broad, elliptic, obtuse ;

ovary |} lin. long, obovoid, covered with long yellow-brown hairs ;

style 13 lin. long, curved, very much compressed below, glabrous ;

stigma 1? lin. long, obtuse, passing into the style.

Coast Recion; Worcester Div. ; Matroos Berg, Marloth !

51. P. effusa (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 82,

name only) ; branches glabrous ; leaves 1—2 in. long, 3-4 lin. broad,

lanceolate, acute, mucronate, narrowing at the base, distinctly

veined ; head sessile, 2 in. long, about 3 in. in diam. ; involucral

bracts 7-seriate, glabrous ; outer ovate, subacuminate, obtuse, with

membranous margins; inner oblong, convex, incurved above,

exceeding the flowers; perianth-sheath 9 lin. long, dilated and

5-nerved below, rufous-setose outside in the upper part, otherwise

glabrous ; lip 3 lin. long, 3-toothed, rufous-setose ; teeth subequal,

4 lin. long ; stamens all fertile; filaments } lin. long, flat ; anthers

linear, 1$ lin. long; apical glands 4 lin. long, ovate, subacute,

swollen on the inner face; ovary small, covered with long golden

hairs; style 10-12 lin. long, faleate, compressed, suddenly and

obliquely widened above the ovary (to ? lin.), then gradually

tapering, glabrous ; stigma 13-2 lin. long, filiform, obtuse, grooved,

prsre! roar i pc passing into the style. Meisn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. :

Coast Region: Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drege !

52. P. pendula (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 87); branches

softly hirsute above, at length glabrous; leaves #-1} in. long,

2-2) lin. broad, narrowly oblanceolate-acute, with a recurved

mucro, distinctly veined beneath, very minutely and loosely

pubescent, at length glabrous ; head sessile, 14 in. long, about

1} in, in diam., pendulous ; involucral bracts 7—8-seriate ; outer

ovate, subacuminate, obtuse, silky-pubescent or tomentose on the

lower half, with membranous margins, ciliate; inner oblong,

incurved above, slightly concave, minutely pubescent outside,

exceeding the flowers ; perianth-sheath 9 lin. long, dilated, 3-keeled

and 3-nerved below, rufous-pilose outside in the uppermost part ;

lip 24 lin. long, 3-toothed, setose below with a few stiff rufous

hairs ; teeth subequal, glabrous, } lin. long; stamens all fertile ;

Protea. | PROTEACE& (Phillips & Stapf). 591

anthers linear, 1} lin. long; apical glands } lin. long, ovate ; ovary

oblong, covered with long reddish-brown hairs ; style 10 lin. long,

curved to falcate, compressed, obliquely dilated above the ovary,

then gradually tapering, glabrous; stigma 14 lin. long, filiform,

obtuse, almost imperceptibly passing into the style. Roem. d Schult.

Syst. Veg. iii. 350; Meisn. in DO. Prodr. xiv. 241.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Masson! also in Herb. Forsyth at Kew!

Coast Region : Tulbagh Div. ; Witzenberg Range, Zeyher, 3687 ex Meisner.

53. P. sulphurea (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 234); a

depressed shrub, 6 ft. high; branches glabrous ; leaves 10-14 lin.

long, 3}-6 lin. broad, narrowly obovate-cuneate or oblanceolate,

subacute, mucronate, indistinctly veined, minutely rugulose, glaucous

or (in the dry state) yellowish, glabrous; heads subsessile, 24 in.

long, about 3 in. in diam., pendulous; receptacle 12 lin. high,

conical ; involucral bracts 9—10-seriate, glabrous ; outer ovate,

subacute, minutely ciliate ; inner oblong or spathulate-oblong, ex-

ceeding the flowers; perianth-sheath 11 lin. long, dilated, 3-keeled

and 6—7-nerved below, sparingly setose outside to the upper part,

otherwise glabrous; lip up to 4 lin. long, 3-toothed and slightly

recurved, with a few scattered setose hairs ; lateral teeth 2 lin. long ;

median tooth $ lin. long ; stamens all fertile ; filaments } lin. long,

channelled ; anthers linear, 2} lin. long ; apical glands } lin. long,

ovate, acute ; hypogynous scales 3 lin. long, oblong, obtuse ; ovary

covered with long spreading yellow-brown hairs; style 1} in. long,

faleate, compressed, tapering towards both ends, glabrous ; stigma

2} lin. long, obtuse, grooved, imperceptibly passing into the

style.

Centrat Recion: Laingsburg Div. ; Witteberg Range, near Matjesfontein,

Marloth, 3208, Pearson !

54. P. canaliculata (Haw. in Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 437); a small

decumbent plant ; branches glabrous ; leaves 5-7 in. long, #14 lin.

broad, linear, acute or subacute, narrowed at the base, indistinctly

veined, glabrous ; head sessile, 1? in. long, about 14 in, in diam. ;

involucral bracts 9-seriate ; outer ovate, obtuse, silky-pubescent,

ciliate ; inner oblong, concave, pubescent, at length glabrous, ciliate,

equalling the flowers ; perianth-sheath 9 lin. long, glabrous, upper

half narrow, white and almost hyaline between reddish nerves,

with wavy margins, lower half dilated, 5-nerved and_ faintly

3-keeled ; lip over 4 lin. long, tridentate, glabrous ; teeth subequal,

over } lin. long, ovate, with a cylindric apiculus, long villously

penicillate ; stamens all fertile; filaments } lin. long, dilated,

concave ; anthers linear, 24 lin. long; apical glands } lin. long,

ovate, obtuse ; ovary 1} lin. long, covered with long reddish-brown

hairs; style 10 lin. long, curved, compressed and as wide as

the ovary below, then gradually tapering; stigma 2 lin. long,

592 PROTEACEH (Phillips & Stapf). | Protea

grooved, subacute, almost imperceptibly passing into the styie.

R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 88; Roem. d& Schult. Syst. Veg. iii.

351; Meisn. in DO. Prodr. xiv. 241. Erodendrum peoniflorum,

Knight, Prot, 46.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Roxburgh !

Coast Recion: Uniondale Div. ; Lange Kloof, Niven !

55. P. cedromontana (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 109) ;

branches glabrous; leaves 3-4 in. long, 1-1} lin. broad, linear,

acute or subacute, long attenuated at the base, indistinctly veined,

glabrous ; head sessile, 1} in. long, 1 in. in diam., oblong ; in-

volucral bracts 6-seriate, glabrous, with membranous margins ;

outer ovate, subacuminate, obtuse ; inner erect, oblong, equalling

the flowers ; perianth-sheath 5 lin. long, rather wide and gradually

passing into the dilated, faintly 3-keeled glabrous base, mem-

branous, glabrous or nearly so except near the lip; lip 2 lin. long,

3-toothed, with rufous rigid hairs at the base and more or less so

along the lateral keels ; teeth oblong, subobtuse, equal, 4 lin. long,

glabrous ; stamens all fertile; filament flattened, 4 lin. long ;

anthers linear, 14 lin. long; apical glands ovate, } lin. long ; ovary

up to 2 lin. long, oblong, covered with reddish hairs ; style 9 lin.

long, falcate, compressed, obliquely widened at the base, then

sadually tapering, glabrous; stigma 1} lin. long, filiform,

obtuse.

Coast Region: Clanwilliam Div.; Honig Valley and Ezelsbank, Drége !

Schlechter, 8808 |

56. P. odorata (Thunb. Prodr. 187; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult.

130); branches glabrous; leaves 1-2 in. Jong, }—1 lin. broad,

linear-subulate, ending in a fine pungent mucro, glabrous, midrib

prominent ; head sessile, obovoid, 1 in. long, } in. wide ; involucral

bracts 5—6-seriate, glabrous, white, adpressed ; outer ovate to ovate-

lanceolate, subacuminate; inner lanceolate, acutely acuminate,

almost pungent, exceeding the flowers ; perianth-sheath 4 lin. long,

34 lin. long, glabrous, gradually dilated, 3-keeled and 5-nerved

below ; lip 3 lin. long, 3-toothed, glabrous, crimson ; teeth subequal,

1 lin. long, with a tuft of stiff white or fulvous hairs ; stamens

all fertile ; filaments } lin. long, hardly flattened ; anthers linear,

14 lin. long ; apical glands } lin. long, oblong, obtuse; ovary } lin.

long, obovate in outline, covered with long white hairs ; style

5 lin. long, almost straight, slender, widened above the ovary,

then gradually tapering; stigma 1} lin. long, filiform, obtuse,

almost imperceptibly passing into the style. P. mucronifolia,

Salish. in Parad. Lond. t. 24; Bot. Mag. t. 933; Andr. Bot.

Rep. t. 500; R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 863; var. Brownii,

Meisn. in DO. Prodr. xiv. 241. Leucadendron (?) odoratum,

Steud. Nomenel. ed. 2, ii. 35; Meisn. l.c. 228. Erodendrum mucront-

Protea.) ~~ PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). 593

Ffolium, Knight, Prot. 48. P. odoratissima, Masson, in Herb. Ait. ex

Meisn. l.c.240. Ps: mucronata, Hort.’ ex Steud. Nomenel. ed, 2, ii. 400.

Var. 8, Gueinzii (Stapf); differs from the type in having narrower channelled

leaves with recurved margins. P. mucronifolia, var. Gueinzi, Meisn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 241,

Sourn Arrica: Var. B: without locality, Roxburgh, 47! Gueinzius !

Coast Region: Clanwilliam Div. ; sandy flats near Berg Vley, Niven !

57. P. scolymocephala (Reichard, Syst. Pl. i. 271); a small bush

2-3 ft. high; branches glabrous ; leaves ?-25 in. long, }?—2 lin.

broad, narrowly linear-oblanceolate, acute, mucronate, long at-

tenuated at the base, indistinctly veined, glabrous; head sessile,

3-1 in. long, about 1 in. in diam. at the base, somewhat flattened ;

receptacle conical; palew acute; involucral bracts 6-—7-seriate,

glabrous, pale green, with membranous margins, ciliolate; outer

ovate, obtuse; inner spreading, oblong, obtuse; perianth-sheath

5-6 lin. long, much curved, glabrous, gradually widened from the

middle downwards, 5-nerved and faintly 3-keeled ; anticous limb

hairy on the back; lip 1} lin. long, 3-toothed, pinkish, with an

apical tuft of white hairs; lateral teeth } lin. long; median tooth

smaller; stamens all fertile, subsessile; anthers linear-oblong,

? lin. long; ovary up to 2 lin. long, oblong, covered with long

brown hairs; style 5—6 lin. long, compressed and more or less

obliquely widened above the ovary, then gradually tapering and

faleate, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, finely filiform, almost im-

perceptibly passing into the style. P. Scolymus, Thunb. Diss.

Prot. 33; Thunb. Prodr. 26; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 522; Wendl. Sert.

Hannov. i. iv. 4, t. 20; Andy. Bot. Rep. t. 409; Bot. Mag. t. 698 ;

Poir, Encyel. vy. 647; R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 86; Roem. &

Schultes, Syst. Veg. iti. 349; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. 1, 483 ; Meisn,

in DO. Prodr. xiv. 239. P. angustifolia, Salish. Prodr. 49. Ero-

dendrum scolymiflorum, Knight, Prot. 48. Leucadendron scolymo-

cephalum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 92; Berg. in Vet. Acad. Handl. Stockh.

1766, 323.— Lepidocarpodendron acaulon, ramis numerosis, etc., Boerh.

Ind. Pl. Hort. Ludg. Bat. ii. 192, with plate. Seolymocephalus foliis

angustis, etc., Weinm. Phyt. iv. 288, t. 893.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Ludwig! Thunberg! Sieber! Grey! Ecklon,

324! Bergius.

Coast Region: Piquetberg Div. ; between twenty-four Rivers and Pikeniers

Kloof, Drége! Paarl Div.; between Mosselbanks River and Berg River, Burchell,

975! Cape Div. ; Devils Mountain, Zeklon, 656! near Wynberg, Burchell, 783!

Drége! Bolus, 2907! 8845! Red Hill, Jameson! Table Mountain, MacOwan,

Herb, Austr.-Afr. 1950! Hout Bay Valley, Phillips, 518! Muizen Berg, Wilms,

3572! Simons Bay, Wright! Stellenbosch Diy. ; between Stellenbosch and Cape

Flats, Burchell, 8345 !

58. P. Harmeri (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1911, 83); a bush

about 3 ft. high; branches greyish tomentelious above, becoming

glabrous ; leaves 1}-2} in. long, 14-1} lin. broad, linear, obtuse to

subacute with a callous point attenuated at the base, margins

recurved ; youngest leaves finely villous at the base; head sessile,

VOL. V.—SECT. I. 2Q

594 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). | Protea.

1 in, long, about 1 in. in diam., globose ; receptacle convex ; involu-

cral bracts 10-—ll-seriate ; outer ovate, obtuse, glabrous or the

lowest very finely pubescent, with membranous ciliate margins ;

inner oblong-spathulate, obtuse, brick-red, recurved above, glabrous

or minutely pubescent, not equalling the styles; perianth-sheath

7 lin. long, } lin. broad above, dilated, 3-keeled and 3-nerved below,

glabrous or hirsute at the apex ; lip 2 lin. long, 3-toothed, rufously

setulose, glabrescent on the back; teeth subequal, } lin. long, the

middle one smaller ; stamens all fertile, subsessile ; anthers linear,

14 lin. long; apical glands } lin. long, ovate, obtuse, swollen on

the inner face ; ovary 1 lin. long, oblong-obovate in outline, covered

with long brown hairs; hypogynous scales } lin. long, j—} lin.

broad, oblong, obtuse ; style 10 lin. long, falcate, arching over the

centre of the head, terete above, flattened and hollow below,

glabrous ; stigma 1} lin. long, linear, obtuse, grooved, passing into

the style.

CentTRaL Recon: Laingsburg Div. ; hill near Matjesfontein, Harmer !

59. P. pityphylla (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 234) ; branches

glabrous ; leaves 24-3 in. long, about } lin. wide, needle-shaped,

acute, pungent, channelled and prominently costate on the upper

face, glabrous ; head sessile, 14}—1} in. long, about 24 in. in diam.,

cernuous ; involucral bracts 7-seriate, glabrous; outer ovate,

acuminate, obtuse or acute, the lowest produced into long foliaceous

appendages resembling the leaves; inner oblong, slightly concave,

exceeding the flowers ; perianth-sheath 8 lin. long, dilated, 3-keeled

and 7-nerved below, scarious, rufously setulose within in the upper

part, otherwise glabrous ; lip 22 lin. long, 3-toothed, 3-keeled, setose

below ; teeth subequal, } lin. long; stamens all fertile ; filaments

$ lin. long, dilated, concave ; anthers oblong-linear, 13 lin. long;

apical glands } lin. long, ovate, subacute, somewhat swollen on the

inner face; ovary 1 lin. long, obovate-oblong, covered with long

reddish-yellow hairs ; hypogynous scales } lin. long, oval-oblong ;

style up to 11 lin. long, widened and much compressed from the

base upwards for 3 lin., then much constricted and strongly bent

and subulate, the slender portion obliquely arching inwards, |

glabrous ; stigma 13 lin. long, obtuse.

Coast Recion : Ceres Div. ; Mitchells Pass, MacOwan, 2907 ! MacOwan, Herb.

Austr.-Afr. 913! Bodkin in Herb, Bolus, 6089 !

60. P. witzenbergiana (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 254);

decumbent ; branches: villous; leaves 10-14 lin. long, }—? lin.

broad, needle-shaped, acute, mucronate, channelled on the upper

face, convex below, minutely punctate, glabrous or scantily pilose ;

heads sessile, subglobose and obtuse in bud, when expanded 2 in.

long, about 2 in. in diam. ; involucral bracts 9—10-seriate, glabrous ;

outer ovate, produced into long foliaceous appendages, resembling

leaves, ciliolate; inner oblong, eciliolate, slightly convex on the

Protea. | PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). 595

_ back, exceeding the flowers ; perianth-sheath 7 lin. long, dilated,

setulose-ciliate along the margin and densely rufously hairy within,

otherwise glabrous, dilated, 3-keeled and 7-nerved below ; lip 3 lin.

long, glabrous, or sometimes with a few scattered bristles ; stamens

all fertile; filaments } lin. long, swollen, channelled; anthers

linear, 14 lin. long ; apical glands } lin. long, ovate, acute, swollen

on the inner face; ovary obovate-oblong, covered with a tuft of

long fulvous hairs; style 8-9 lin. long, obliquely widened and

compressed above the ovary, then subulate, falcate, glabrous ;

stigma 14 lin. long, grooved, obtuse, passing with an obscure bend

into the style.

Coast Recion: Tulbagh and Ceres Div. ; Witzenberg Range, Zeyher, 3687 !

Burchell, 8676 !

61. P. rosacea (Linn. Mant. alt. 189); small shrub with a simple

stem 4—6 in. long ; branches numerous, gracefully curved, glabrous ;

leaves 6-10 lin. long, }—} lin. broad, linear, acicular, pungent, with

a shallow groove along each side of the midrib, glabrous ; head

sessile, 14 in. long, about 14 in. in diam., pendulous ; involucral

bracts 8-seriate, glabrous, bright rose to crimson ; outer ovate to

ovate-oblong, more or less obtuse, ciliate; inner oblong, obtuse,

but often apparently acuminate owing to the involute upper margin,

exceeding the flowers; perianth-sheath 5 lin. long, almost hyaline

above, dilated, 3-keeled and 5-nerved below, glabrous, ciliate ; lip

14 lin. long, 3-toothed, oblong, rufously setulose above, ciliate ;

teeth subequal, 1 lin. long; stamens all fertile ; filaments } lin.

long, flattened ; anthers linear, 1 lin. long; apical glands j; lin.

long, ovate, acute, keeled on the inner face; ovary covered with

long light brown hairs ; style 7 lin. long, narrowed from the base

upwards, curved inwards or at length almost erect, flattened

below, glabrous; stigma | lin. long, cylindric, obtuse, hardly

swollen at the junction with the style. Lum. Ill. i. 238; Poir.

Encyel. v. 653 ; Smith, Exot. Bot. i. 85, t. 44. P. nana, Thunb. Diss.

Prot. 51; Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. xiv. 139; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 519;

R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 87; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. 1, 475;

Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 241. P. acuifolia, Salish. Parad. t. 2.

Leucadendron nanum, Berg. in Vet. Acad. Handl. Stockh. 1766, 325.

Erodendrum acuifolium, Knight, Prot. 49. .

‘Coast Recron: Tulbagh Div.; mountain near Tulbagh Waterfall, Bergius,

Bolus, 5229! Phillips ! near Tulbagh, Pappe! Witzenberg Range, near Tulbagh,

Zeyher, 1459! Burchell, 8670! Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drége !

Centra, Recion: Ceres Div.; near Ceres, Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr.,

1090!

62. P. cynaroides (Linn. Mant. alt. 190) ; a bush, up to 6 ft. high

or sometimes acaulescent ; branches glabrous ; leaves petioled ; blade

24-5} in. long, 2-3} in. broad, varying from subrotundate and

obtuse to elliptic and acute, cuneate at the base, prominently and

reticulately veined on both sides, punctate, glabrous ; petiole up to

2@ 2

596 PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). | Protea.

44 in. long, terete ; head sessile, 5-8 in. long, about 5-8 in. in

diam. ; involucral bracts 12—13-seriate ; outer ovate to ovate-lanceo-

late, acute, like the inner at first more or less densely whitish- or

greyish-tomentose, often at length glabrescent or the lowest quite

glabrous ; inner lanceolate-oblong, acuminate, acute, mostly perma-

nently tomentose, exceeding the flowers; perianth-sheath over

2 in. long, pubescent outside on the upper part, and pubescent to

villous within from the widened base upwards, particularly along

the sides, dilated, 7-nerved, faintly 3-keeled and glabrous below ;

lip 1 lin. long, tomentose, produced into 3 tomentose or villous

awns ; lateral awns 2 lin. long; median awn 2 lin. long ; stamens

all fertile ; filaments } in. long, flattened ; anthers linear, 4 lin.

long ; apical glands } lin. long, oblong, obtuse ; ovary 2 lin. long,

oblong, covered with long whitish hairs; style 24 in. long, laterally

much flattened, slightly curved inwards, pubescent, at least below ;

stigma 4 lin. long, filiform, obtuse, kneed and bent at the junction

with the style. Thunb. Diss. Prot, 58; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 534;

Thunb. Prodr. 28; Lam. Ill. i. 234; Poir, Encycl. v. 639 ; Bot. Mag.

t. 770; Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 288; R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. Ds

Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. i. 514; Roem. d& Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 342 ;

Roupell, Cap. Flow. t. 8; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 245 (inel. vars.

obtusifolia, elliptica and glabrata). P. cynaroides, var. elliptica,

Klotzsch in Flora, 1845, 75. P. petiolata, Buek, ex Meisn. Le.

P. Woodwardii, Endl. Gen. Suppl. iv. ii. 77. Erodendrum cynare-

forum, Knight, Prot. 43. Leucadendron cinaroides, a, Linn. Sp. Pl.

ed. i. 92.—Lepidocarpodendron folio subrotundo, Boerh. Ind. Pl. Hort.

Iugd. Bat, ii, 184, t. 184. Scolymocephalus africanus folio, ete.,

Weinm. Phyt. iv. 287, f. 892.

Coast Recton: Tulbagh Div. ; mountains above Tulbagh Waterfall, Brodie!

Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drége! Cape Div. ; Table Mountain, Zhwnberg!

Burchell, 660! Drége! Phillips! Swellendam Div. ; near Swellendam, Burchell,

7381! Fry in Herb. Galpin, 4983! George Div.; Kaymans Gat, Drége. Knysna

Div. ; Outemqua Mountains, Drege. Humansdorp Div. ; Zitzikamma, Krauss !

Port Elizabeth Div. ? Cooper, 3068! Uitenage Div. ; Van Stadens Berg, Ecklon.

Albany Div. ; near Grahamstown, Cooper, 53! MacOwan, 1202!

_ Meisner’s var. glabrata is based on Krauss’s specimen from Zitzikamma, which

is at the same time the type of Klotzsch’s var. elliptica, a variety kept up by

Meisner himself. It has less hairy involucral scales than the usual form, but

they are by no means glabrous. As to Andrews, t. 288, also referred by Meisner

to his var. glabrata, there is nothing in the plate to show that the scales of the

plant figured were glabrous.

63. P. cryophila (Bolus in Trans. Royal Soc. 8. Africa, i. 163) ;

stem short; leaves 12-13} in. long, 14-2 in. broad, oblanceolate,

subacute, attenuated into a long petiole, distinctly veined, coriaceous,

glabrous ; petiole flat above, convex on the back; head sessile,

erect, 6-7 in. long, about 5 in. in diam.; involucral bracts

10-12-seriate ; outer lanceolate, long-acuminate, acute, the lowest

glabrous or glabrescent, the following increasingly white-tomentose

to felted, inner ovate-lanceolate, long-acuminate, recurved at the

apex, very densely white-felted, shorter than the flowers;

Protea. | PROTEACES (Phillips & Stapf). 597

perianth-sheath 2} in. long, dilated, 3-keeled and 7-nerved below

for } in., then attenuated, membranous and very densely white-

ciliate on the inner margin, except for a short space above ; lip

8 lin. long, 3-toothed, densely whitish-villous on the sides, glabrous —

on the back ; lateral teeth 14 lin. long; median tooth 1 lin. long ;

stamens all fertile; filaments 3 lin. long, oblong-linear ; anthers

linear, 34 lin. long ; apical glands 3 lin. long, oblong-linear, obtuse ;

ovary 6-7 lin. long, cylindric, constricted into a short beak and

ending with an annular thickening at the junction of the style,

covered with long whitish hairs; style 24 in. long, gently curved,

compressed and widened above the ovary, then subulate, terete,

glabrous ; stigma 34 lin. long, subacute, faintly grooved, very

slender, imperceptibly passing into the style. P. chionantha, Bolus

in Trans. 8S. Afric, Philos. Soc. xvi. 399, not of Engler & Gilg, in

Warb. Kunene-Samb.-Exped. 225.

Coast Rectoy; Clanwilliam Div. ; summit of Sneeuwkop, Bodkin in Herb.

Bolus, 8676 !

64. P. Scolopendrium (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 94); an

acaulescent plant; leaves petioled; blade 7-8 in. long, 2-2} in.

broad, broadly oblanceolate, obtuse, prominently pinnately veined,

with a prominent midrib, rugulose, glabrous ; petiole 4} ins long,

flat above, convex dorsally; head subsessile, 2? in. long, about

34 in. in diam.; involucral bracts 6-seriate, outermost lanceolate,

glabrous, chestnut-brown, following lanceolate-ovate, acutely acumi-

nate, more or less ciliate and pubescent on the back, at length

glabrous; inner narrowly lanceolate to linear-lanceolate with

tomentose lips shorter than the flowers ; perianth-sheath 12-14 lin.

long, dilated, 3-keeled and 7-nerved below, up to 8 lin. from the

base, then rather suddenly attenuated, densely white ciliate and

villous along the margins and higher up all over within, glabrous

outside or nearly so; lip 5-6 lin. long, 3-toothed, densely villous on

the sides, more or less glabrous on the back ; lateral teeth 1 lin.

long, oblong; median tooth # lin. long; stamens all fertile ;

filaments } lin. long, thick, oblong-elliptic ; anthers linear, 3 lin.

long ; apical glands } lin. long, lanceolate or oblong, hardly swollen

on the inner face; ovary 14 lin. long, oblong, covered with long

whitish hairs ; style 1} in. long, obliquely widened from the base

upwards and much compressed, thin, slender, subulate, terete and

curved, glabrous; stigma 3 lin. long, finely grooved, obtuse, imper-

ceptibly passing into the style. Roem. d& Schultes, Syst. Veg. iti. 354 ;

Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 243; St. Lager in Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon,

vii, 132. P. scolopendrina, Ind. Kew. ii. 633. Erodendrum scolo-

pendriifolium, Knight, Prot. 43.

Coast Recon: Tulbagh Div. ; Great Winterhoek Mountains, 5000 ft., Bolus,

5232! Niven!

65. P. scabriuscula (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 236, excl.

syn.) ; an acaulescent plant ; leaves 6-10 in, long, 3-6 lin, broad

598 - PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). | Protea.

at the widest part, linear-oblanceolate, acute, long attenuated at the .

base into a petiole, rough, glabrous or those surrounding the flower-

heads somewhat hirsute below, with very wavy margins; head sub-

sessile, 24 in. long, about 14 in. in diam. ; involucral bracts 6-seriate,

lanceolate, acuminate, acute, densely fulvously woolly-tomentose,

lower at length becoming glabrous and dark chestnut-brown ; inner

not equalling the flowers; perianth-sheath 12 lin. long, gradually

dilated, faintly 3-keeled and 5-7-nerved below, membranous,

densely villous on the outside excepting at the glabrous base, hairs

pallid ; lip 3 lin. long, 3-toothed, hairy along the sides and_ below,

glabrescent on the back ; tips with a pallid tuft of hairs, at length

glabrous ; lateral teeth 4 lin. long, linear, obtuse, median tooth

slightly shorter ; stamens all fertile; anthers subsessile, linear,

2% lin. long; apical gland linear-oblong, 3 lin. long, red ; ovary

13 lin. long, oblong, covered with long white hairs ; style 14 lin.

long, slightly curved, subulate from an obliquely lanceolate com-

pressed base, up to over 1 lin. wide in the lower quarter, pubescent

below, otherwise glabrous ; stigma 14-2 lin. long, obtuse, almost

_ imperceptibly passing into the style.

CrentRat Recion : Ceres Div. ; Gydouw, Bolus, 7557! ; Schlechter, 10000!

66." P. aspera (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 236); an

acaulescent plant ; leaves 43-6 in. long, 14-3 lin. broad, straight or

falcate, linear, obtuse, mucronate, long attenuated at the base,

rough with minute tubercles, glabrous or the innermost with a few

scattered long hairs ; head shortly stipitate, 3-31 in. long, about

2 in, in diam. ; involucral bracts 9-seriate, finely pubescent outside,

ciliate ; outer ovate, obtuse ; inner oblong to linear-oblong, and

densely pubescent near the tips, shorter than the flowers ; perianth-

sheath 2 in. long, dilated, 3-keeled, and faintly 7-nerved below,

densely villous-pilose within and without, except at the lower part

of the widened base ; lip 6 lin. long, 3-awned, tomentose, ending

_ Ina woolly tuft; awns ovate, acuminate, white-woolly with a few

dark cilia ; lateral awns 14 lin. long; median awn 1 lin. long;

stamens all fertile ; filaments } lin. long, swollen, expanded, deeply

furrowed ; anthers linear, 34 lin. long; apical glands } lin. long,

ovate and acute or ovate-oblong and subacute; ovary 2 lin. long,

oblong-obovate in outline, covered with long reddish-brown hairs ;

style 2 in. long, narrowing from the base upwards, trigonous below,

then more or less flattened, sparingly pubescent in the lowest

quarter ; stigma 34 lin. long, furrowed, subobtuse.

Coast Reaion : Bredasdorp Div. ; near Elim, 200 ft., Bolus, 7861 !

67. P. lorea (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 93); an acaulescent

plant ; leaves up to 12 in. long, 4 lin. broad, cylindric, acute,

mucronate, glabrous, longitudinally grooved; head long-stipitate,

4 in. long, about 24 in. in diam. ; stipes up to over 1 in. long;

involucral bracts many-seriate, silky-pubescent, ciliate; lowest

Protea. | PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). - 699

ovate, acute, following ovate-lanceolate more or less acuminate or

subacute ; inner elongate-oblong to linear, convex, more or less

acuminate, subacute, exceeding the flowers; perianth-sheath 23 in.

long, dilated, 3-keeled and 7-nerved below, then gradually narrowed

and slender, glabrous, densely white-ciliate for more than 1 in. ;

lips 8 lin. long, 3-awned, very densely woolly along the margins,

more or less glabrous on the back ; lateral awns 3 lin. long, linear-

oblong, hidden in dense whitish wool; median awn 2 lin. long,

ovate, acuminate ; stamens all fertile ; filaments } lin. long, swollen,

deeply furrowed ; anthers linear, 3 lin. long ; apical glands ? lin.

long, oblong or lanceolate; ovary 1 lin. long, oblong in outline,

covered with long white hairs ; style 24 in. long, narrowing from

the widened hollow base upwards, glabrous; stigma 33 lin. long,

grooved, obtuse, kneed and slightly bent at the junction with the

style. Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 353; Meisn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 242. P. aulax, Hibbert in Herb. Smith, ex Meisn. lc. P.

coronata, Curt. ex Steud. Nomencl. ed. i. 658. Hrodendrum pini-

Jolium, Knight, Prot. 45.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Masson.

Coast Reeron: Paarl Div. ; French Hoek, Miren! Stellenbosch Div. ;

Hottentots Holland, MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Austr,-Afr. 781! Riversdale Div. ;

Garcias Pass, Burchell, 6958 !

68. P. repens (Thunb. Diss. Prot. 34); an acaulescent plant ;

leaves 24-8 in. long, }-1 lin. broad, filiform to linear, acute,

coriaceous, glabrous, smooth or more or less tubercled and rough,

the uppermost sometimes long softly pilose at the base, upwards

with strongly recurved margins, hence dorsally channelled ; heads

shortly stipitate, 4 in. long, about 3 in. in diam. ; involucral bracts

10-seriate, silky-pubescent without, ciliolate ; outer ovate, obtuse ;

inner much elongated, oblong; innermost narrowed downwards,

equalling the flowers ; perianth-sheath 2 in. long, dilated, 7-nerved

at the base, densely and long pilose to villous outside except at the

glabrous base ; lip 9 lin. long, densely pubescent to villous, 3-awned ;

lateral awns 23 lin. long, shaggy with yellowish hairs; median awn

11 lin. long; stamens all fertile; filaments } lin. long, swollen,

expanded, deeply furrowed; anthers linear, 4} lin. long; ovary —

1 lin. long, obovate in outline, covered with long reddish-brown

hairs ; style 2 in. long, slightly curved or almost straight below,

somewhat widened and flattened below, then terete and tapering

above, glabrous or very sparingly puberulous ; stigma finely grooved,

3-4 lin. long, subacute, passing into the style. Lam. Ill. i. 236 ;

Thunb. Prodr. 26; Fl. Cap. ed. i. 486; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 523 ; Poir.

Encycl. v. 646 ; R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 92; Roem. & Schultes,

Syst. Veg. iii. 353 ; Meisn. in DO, Prodr. xiv. 242, with vars. P.

‘ canaliculata, Herb. Linn. Soc. ex Meisn., lc. P. Strobus, Meisn. Le. not

of Andr. Leucadendron repens, 8, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 92. —Lepido.

carpodendron fol. longiss. etc., Boerh. Ind. Pl. Hort. Ludg. Bat, ii.

190, t. 190 ; Weinm, Phyt. iv, 290, t. 897,

600 PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). | Protea.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg! Gueinzius ! :

Coast REGION: Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drége! Paarl Div. ; by the

Breede River, near Darling Bridge, Bolus, 5230! French Hoek, Miss Treleaven !

Niven ! Cape Div. ; Constantia ex Boerhaave. Port Elizabeth Div. ; Algoa Bay,

Cooper, 3067 !

69. P.echinulata (Meisn.in DC. Prodr. xiv. 242) ; an acaulescent

plant ; leaves 5-7} in. long, } lin. broad, filiform, flexuous, acute,

mucronate, channelled below in the upper part, coriaceous, tuber-

cled, scabrous, with long soft hairs, at length glabrous; head

sessile or subsessile, 24 in. long, about 2 in. in diam. ; involucral

bracts 10-seriate; outer ovate to oblong-ovate, obtuse, glabrous or

ciliate ; inner oblong ; innermost elongated, pubescent or more or

less tomentellous or glabrescent in part, the margins fringed with

dense fulvous cilia equalling the flowers; perianth-sheath 1} in.

long, very slender, suddenly expanded and faintly 7-nerved below,

fulvous-villous except at the very base; lip 6 lin. long, 3-toothed

or nerved, fulvously villous, ciliate; lateral awns 24 lin. long,

long villous, acuminate ; median tooth over 1 lin. long ; stamens

all fertile ; filaments } lin. long, obovate, thickened ; anthers linear,

4} lin. long ; apical glands } lin. long, lanceolate, swollen on the

inner face; ovary 2 lin. long, oblong, covered with long reddish-

brown hairs ; style 1? in. long, curved and twisted, narrowing from

the base upwards, more or less triquetrous below and flattened

upwards, at least when dry, glabrous; stigma 5 lin. long, finely

channelled, obtuse, imperceptibly passing into the style. Hroden-

drum restionifolium, Knight, Prot. 45.

Var. 8, minor (E. P. Phillips); head 1} in. long, about 1} in. in diam.

Coast Recron: Worcester Div. ; Brand Vley, Niven, 32! Caledon Div. ;

between Genadendal and Donkers Hoek, Burchell, 7913! between Houw Hoek

and Bot River, Bowie! Klein River Mountains, Zeyher, 3670! Ludwig !

Centrat Recion: Var. 8: Ceres Div. ; Klein Vley, Cold Bokkeveld, Schlechter,

10215!

70. P. turbiniflora (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 93); an

acaulescent plant ; leaves 5-11} in. long, 14-13 in. broad at the

widest part, broadly oblanceolate to elliptic-oblanceolate, acute,

attenuated at the base into a long-winged petiole, prominently

pinnately veined, minutely rugulose, softly pilose when young, at

length glabrous, with undulating margins ; head sessile, 2-24 in.

long, about 1} in. in diam., erect, surrounded by subsessile short

obovate or obovate-lanceolate acute glabrous leaves, 2 in. long ;

involucral bracts about 5-seriate, densely pubescent to tomentose,

ciliate ; outer ovate-oblong, obtuse ; inner oblong to linear-oblong,

densely ciliate or shortly bearded at the apex, equalling the |

flowers ; perianth-sheath 1} in. long, dilated, 3-keeled and obscurely

7-nerved at the glabrous base, densely hairy above ; lip 6 lin. long,-

pilose, produced into 3 long finely filiform wavy densely villous

awns, 3 lin. long; stamens all fertile ; filaments } lin. long, spathu-

late ; anthers linear, 24 lin. long; apical glands 4 lin. long, ovate,

obtuse, swollen on the inner face; ovary 2 lin. long, cylindric,

Protea, | PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). 601

covered with long brown hairs; style almost 1 in. long, terete,

passing into the cylindric ovary, tapering upwards, slightly curved,

glabrous ; stigma 24 lin. long, filiform, subacute, finely grooved,

with a minute bend at the junction with the style. Roem. d:

Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 353; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 244.

P. cespitosa, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 526. Erodendrum turbiniflorum,

Salish. Parad. t. 108. E. ceespitosum, Knight, Prot. 43.

Coast Recron: Paarl Div. ; Bushmans Kloof (Boshiesmans Gat), Niven !

Caledon Div. ; tops of mountains near Genadendal, Burchell, 7751!

71. P. scabra (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 91); stems and

branches subterranean with the flower-heads and surrounding leaves

close to the ground; leaves 44-10 in. long, 3-7 lin. (of young

shoots up to 1 in.) broad, linear, linear-lanceolate or oblanceolate,

flat or with revolute margins and then almost cylindric, acute to sub-

obtuse or even obtuse, attenuated at the base, the broader ones

distinctly veined, the lateral nerves joining into a more or less con-

spicuous marginal nerve, rough with small tubercles, when young

loosely pilose with long flexuous white hairs, soon glabrous ; head

sessile, 1}-2 in. long, about 2 in. in diam. ; involucral bracts

8-seriate, finely rufo-tomentose or pubescent, at length becoming

glabrous ; outer ovate, subacute, ciliate; inner oblong or linear-

oblong, ciliate, exceeding the flowers ; perianth-sheath 12 lin. long,

gradually dilated, 3-keeled and 7-nerved below, loosely villous with

the exception of the glabrous base; lip 5 lin. long, 3-toothed,

villous ; teeth subequal, #~—1 lin. long, villous ; stamens all fertile,

subsessile ; anthers linear, 3 lin. long; apical glands } lin. long,

lanceolate or oblong, subacute ; ovary 2 lin. long, obovate ; densely

covered with long reddish-brown hairs; style 14-1} in. long,

strongly curved, bulbously thickened at the base, terete above,

glabrous ; stigma 34 lin, long, finely subulate, subobtuse. Roem.

& Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 352; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 243,

inel, vars.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Roxburgh, Drége! Grey! Gueinzius !

Coast Reaion: Caledon Div. ; Houw Hoek, Burchell, 8075! Zeyher, 3673!

MacOwan, 2911! & in Herb. Norm. Austr,-Afr. 903! Onrust River, and Haarte-

beest River, Zeyher, 3672! Ganzekraal, Burchell, 7549! Zoetemelks Valley,

Burchell, 7593! Swellendam Div.; near Swellendam, Zeyher, 3671! Uniondale

Div. ; Long Kloof, Mund.

72. P. tenuifolia (R. Br. in Trans. Linn, Soc. x. 90); stems and

branches subterranean with the flower-heads and surrounding

leaves close to the ground; leaves 6-9} in. long, 1-2 lin. broad,

linear, with revolute margins, long attenuated at the base, acute,

rough with small tubercles, when young loosely pilose with long

flexuous white hairs, soon quite glabrous ; heads sessile, 14 in. long,

about 1 in. in diam. ; involucral bracts 7-sériate, finely rufo- or

fulvo-pubescent, at length glabrescent, ciliate ; outer ovate, obtuse ;

inner oblong or linear-oblong, not equalling the flowers ; perianth-

602 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). | Protea.

sheath 8-9 lin. long, rather abruptly dilated, 3-keeled and 7-nerved

below, villous on the outside, hairs rufous or fulvous, glabrous at

the base; lip 3}—4 lin. long, 3-toothed, tomentose to villous on the

sides, glabrescent on the back ; teeth subequal, } lin. long, villous ;

stamens all fertile; filaments } lin. long, ovate; anthers linear,

21 lin. long; apical glands 4 lin. long, lanceolate-ovate, subacute,

swollen on the inner face ; ovary 3 lin. long, obovoid, covered with

long dark-brown hairs ; style 12 lin. long, curved, subulate, tapering

from the bulbously much thickened base, glabrous; stigma 2 lin.

long, obtuse, imperceptibly passing into the style. Roem. & Schultes,

Syst. Veg. iii. 352 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 242, partly. P. revoluta,

Buek, ex Meisn.l.ec. P.lorea, Drége ex Meisn. 1.c., partly. P. scabra

var. stenophylla, Meisn, l.c. 243.

South Arrica: without locality, Drége!

Coast Recion: Swellendam Div. ; near Swellendam, Niven! Fry in Herb.

Galpin, 4985! Sparrbosch, Drege. Caledon Div. ; Great Houw Hoek and River

Zondereinde, Pappe !

73. P. acaulis (Thunb. Diss. Prot. 56); stems subterranean or

prostrate on the ground and up to 1 ft. long, glabrous; leaves

extremely variable, 3-8} in. long, }-3 in. broad at the widest

part, rotundate-obovate, obovate-lanceolate or oblanceolate, usually

obtuse, rarely acute, often apiculate, long attenuated into a petiole, —

distinctly veined, with a callous margin, glabrous, often glaucous ;

head sessile, sometimes contracted into a short stipes, 14-14 lin.

long, about 14 in. in diam. ; involucral bracts 8-seriate, minutely

ciliate, otherwise glabrous, outer ovate, obtuse; inner oblong,

equalling the flowers ; perianth-sheath 10-11 lin. long, rather wide,

gradually dilated, 3-keeled and 7-nerved at the base, densely ciliate

in the middle part, otherwise glabrous; lip 3 lin. long, 3-toothed,

pubescent; teeth subequal, 14 lin. long; stamens all fertile ;

filaments } lin. long, flattened ; anthers linear, 1} lin. long ; apical

glands } lin, long, lanceolate, obtuse ; ovary 1 lin. long, elliptic-

ovoid, covered with long reddish-brown hairs; style 11 lin. long,

sickle-shaped, subulate from a narrow lanceolate more or less

swollen base, terete above, glabrous; stigma 1} lin. long, tinely

subulate, obtuse, gradually passing into the style. Thunb. Prodr.

27; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 529 ; Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. xiv. 141; R. Br. in

Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 89; Thunb, Fl. Cap. ed. i. 503; Roem. &

Schultes, Syst. Veg. iti. 351; Bot. Mag. t. 2065; Roem. & Schultes,

Syst. Veg. iii. Mant. 265; Meisn. in DO. Prodr. xiv. 244 ; var.

arenaria, Meisn. le. 245. P. nana, Lam. Ill. i. 233, not of Thunb. ;

Poir, Encyl. v. 639 ; Kerner, Hort. Sempervir. ix. t. 399, ew Roem. &

Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 351. P. arenaria, Buek in Drége, Zwei Pf.

Documente, 213. P. acaulis, a, Drége ex Meisn. l.c., partly. Ero-

dendrum limoniifolium, B, Knight, Prot. 47. Leucadendron acaulon,

Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, i. 92.—Lepidocarpodendron acaulon, ete., Boerh.

Ind. Pl. Hort. Ludg. Bat. ii. 191, t. 191, fig. b. Scolymocephalus sen

Lepidocarpodendron acaulon, etc., Weinm. Phyt. iv. 291, t. 897.

Protea.} PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). 603

Sourn Arriva: without locality, Beryius! Roxburgh, Labillardiére! Forster!

Ecklon, 6! Gueinzius ! : 3

Coast Rereion: Clanwilliam Div. ; near Ezelsbank, Drége. Piquetberg Div. ;

near Piquetberg, Drége ! Tulbagh Div. ; Witzenberg Range, Pappe! Paarl Div. 4

Paarl Mountain, Drége! Cape Div. ; hills and flats around Cape Town, Thunberg !

Masson! Burchell, 1! 8575! Ecklon, 11! Jameson! Krauss, 1071, Bolus, 3761!

MacOwan, Herb. Norm, Austr.-Afr.780 | Phillips! Pappe! Caledon Div. ; various

localities, Burchell, 7935! 8008! 8105! 8636! Zeyher, 3668 ! Bredasdorp Div. ;

Kars River, Ludwig. Uitenhage Div. ; Winterberg Range, Arauss, 1071.

74. P. glaucophylla (Salisb. Parad. Lond. ¢. 11); main stem

subterranean ; flowering and leaf-bearing branches 1-32 in. long,

prostrate ; leaves 54-8 in. long, 8-12 lin. broad, elongate-lanceolate,

subacute, sometimes acutely apiculate, long attenuated at the base,

distinctly veined, glabrous, glaucous ; head sessile, or shortly con-

tracted into a scaly stipes, 2 in. long, about 2 in. in diam. ; involu-

cral bracts 12-seriate, glabrous; outer ovate, obtuse, minutely

ciliate ; inner oblong, equalling the flowers ; perianth-sheath 9 Jin.

long, rather slender, somewhat abruptly dilated and 3-keeled below,

excepting on the ciliate margins of the middle part, glabrous ; lip

3 lin. long, 3-toothed, pubescent or hirsute, glabrous on the back ;

lateral teeth } lin. long, oblong, subacute, villous, at least when

young, median somewhat shorter and more acute; stamens all

fertile, subsessile ; anthers linear, 1} lin. long ; apical glands } lin.

long, ovate, acuminate, slightly swollen on the inner face ; ovary

2 lin. long, oblong, covered with long reddish-brown hairs ; style

10 lin. long, sickle-shaped, subulate from the narrow-linear com-

pressed lower half, somewhat smaller at the base, glabrous ; stigma

2 lin, long, subulate, obtuse, gradually passing into the style.

P. elongata, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 90; Meisn. in DO.

Prodr. xiv. 245. P. angustata, Drége ex Meisn. lc. Erodendrum

glaucophyllum, Knight, Prot. 47, incl. var.

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div.; near Tulbagh, Niven, Drége! Pappe! Riversdale

Div. ; between the Little Vet River and Garcias Pass, Burchell, 6859 !

75. P. Burchellii (Stapf); stems subterranean, branched ;

branches rising slightly above the ground, their upper portions

finely hairy, at least when young; leaves oblanceolate-linear to

linear, attenuated below, acute, with a callous point, 6-9 in. long,

§-1 in. broad, glossy, prominently veined on both sides, lateral

nerves running into the narrow more or less thickened margin,

glabrous or finely hairy near the base; head subglobose, sessile,

rounded at the base, 2} in. long, over 1} in. in diam. ; outer in-

volucral bracts ovate, obtuse to subobtuse, finely greyish pubescent and

ciliate when quite young, soon glabrous, dark chestnut-brown, inner

elongated, oblong, obtuse, not quite equalling the flowers ; perianth-

sheath 1} in. long, slender in the upper 3, then widened, finely

3-keeled and 5-nerved, densely fulvo-pubescent down to the widened

ciliolate (but otherwise glabrous) base ; lip 6 lin. long, villous, ex-

cepting on the glabrescent back ; lateral teeth filiform, acute, 14 lin.

long, the middle one much shorter and finer ; stamens all fertile ;

604 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). | Protea.

filaments { lin. long, widened upwards ; anthers linear, 2 lin. long ;

apical gland oblong, obtuse, } lin. long ; ovary subobovate-oblong,

densely covered with rufous hairs ; style subulate and terete from a

compressed narrowly and obliquely lanceolate base, constricted at

the junction with the ovary, strongly curved from below the middle,

lf in. long, pubescent up to the middle ; stigma subulate, obtuse,

almost imperceptibly passing into the style.

Coast Recron : Stellenbosch Div. ; between Lowrys Pass and Jonkers Hoek,

Burchell, 8332 !

76. P. angustata (R. Br. in Trans. Linn, Soc. x. 90) ; stems under-

ground or the flowering branches raised 1-2 in. above ground,

glabrous, rather slender; leaves linear-oblanceolate to narrowly

oblanceolate, long attenuated below, subobtuse to acute with a

callous point, up to 6 in, long, 4-1 in. wide, slightly glossy or dull,

obscurely or the broadest prominently veined on both sides with

the lateral nerves running into the thickened margin, glabrous ;

heads globose, sessile, rounded at the base or contracted into a

scaly stipes, 1-1} in. in diam.; outer involucral bracts ovate,

obtuse, inner elongated, oblong, all quite glabrous excepting on

the ciliolate margins, reddish to dark brown, not equalling the

flowers ; perianth-sheath 8 lin. long, gradually widened from the

upper 4 downwards, finely 3-keeled and 5-nerved, densely ciliate

from the glabrous lower } upwards and more or less villous on the

back above the middle ; lip 3 lin. long, pubescent to villous ; lateral

teeth linear-oblong, subobtuse, } lin. long, middle one narrower and

shorter, shortly villous ; stamens all fertile ; filaments linear, } lin.

long ; anthers linear, 1 lin, long ; apical gland oblong, acute ; ovary

oblong, 34 lin. long, densely covered with rufous hairs; style

subulate from an obliquely linear-lanceolate compressed base,

strongly curved from the middle, about 10 lin. long, glabrous or

slightly pubescent at the base; stigma subulate, obtuse, 14 lin.

long, imperceptibly passing into the style.

Coast Reaion : Caledon Div. ; Vogelgat, Schlechter, 9539 ! Tulbagh Div. ; New

Kloof, Drége, 1450! Caledon Div. ; lear the mouth of the Klein River, Zeyher,

3669! Great Houw Hoek, Niven! mountains near the Zondereinde River,

Zeyher, 3668 !

This is possibly an extreme, narrow-leaved state of P. acaulis.

77. P. levis (R. Br. in Trans, Linn. Soc. x. 91); main stem

subterranean, producing prostrate or ascending, glabrous branches

up to over 3 in. long; leaves 34-64 in. long, 14-3 lin. broad,

linear to oblanceolate-linear, acute, narrowed at the base, glabrous,

subglaucous, veinless, with acute margins ; head sometimes con-

tracted into a short scaly stipes about 14 in. long, about 1 in.

in diam. ; involucral bracts 12-14-seriate, glabrous ; outer elliptic-

ovate, obtuse or subobtuse, ciliate; inner oblong, ciliate, equalling

the flowers; perianth-sheath 8 lin. long, gradually dilated from

the middle downwards, distinctly 3-nerved, faintly 5-nerved below, _

Protea. | PROTEACE® (Phillips & Stapf). 605

glabrous, excepting on the very densely ciliate margins; lip 2

lin. long, 3-toothed, pubescent or shortly tomentose excepting on

the more or less glabrous back ; teeth subequal, } lin. long, villous ;

stamens all fertile ; filaments } lin. long, obovate ; anthers linear,

1} lin. long ; apical glands } lin, long, ovate, subacuminate, acute ;

ovary obovate-oblong, covered with long reddish-yellow hairs ;

style 9 lin. long, sickle-shaped, subulate from an obliquely lanceolate

compressed base, glabrous; stigma 1 lin. long, finely subulate,

obtuse. Poir, Encycl: Suppl. iv. 562; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg.

iii. 352 ; Mant. 265; Bot. Mag. t. 2439; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv.

241. P. longifolia, Salisb. Parad. Lond. t. 37. P. Zeyheri, Phillips

in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 235. Erodendrum longifolium, Knight, Prot. 46.

Soura Arrica : without locality, Masson !

Coast Reaion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Ezelsbank, Drége | Schlechter, 8804! Honig

Valley and Koude Berg, Drége ! Piquetberg Div. ; Piquet Berg, Drége. Paarde

Kloot in the Witzenberg Range, Zeyher, 1460! Caledon Div. ; mountains near

Houw Hoek, MacOwan, 2912! Knysna Div. ; Outeniqua Mountains, Drége.

Uniondale Div. ; Long Kloof, Masson, Niven !

This also approaches P. acaulis very closely in the structure of the heads, and

differs mainly in the veinless leaves and thin acute cartilaginous margin.

78. P. revoluta (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 90); stem

subterranean ; leaf-bearing branches prostrate or ascending, 2—3 in,

long, glabrous ; leaves 6-8 in. long, $14 lin. broad, stoutly linear-

filiform, semi-terete, subacute, channelled upwards, glabrous ; head

about 1} in. long, about 1 in. in diam. ; involucral bracts 10-15.

seriate, glabrous, ciliolate when young; outer ovate, subobtuse to

obtuse ; inner oblong, equalling the flowers ; perianth-sheath 7 lin.

long, dilated from the middle downwards, 3-kceled and 7-nerved

below, glabrous, with the exception of the ciliate margins ; lip 14-13

lin. long, 3-toothed, 3-keeled, pubescent at first, then glabrous ; teeth

subequal, }—} lin. long; stamens all fertile, subsessile ; anthers

linear, } lin. long; apical glands } lin. long, ovate, lanceolate,

acute; ovary 2 lin. long, covered with long reddish-brown hairs ;

style 10-11 lin. long, sickle-shaped, subulate from the obliquely

and narrowly lanceolate lower half, swollen at the base, then com-

pressed, glabrous ; stigma 1 lin. long, imperceptibly passing into

the style, obtuse.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Niven, Roxburgh.

Coast Reaion : Caledon Div. ; Great Houw Hoek, Zeyher, 3669 B!

79. P.montana(K. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 213, name

only); main stem subterranean; leaf-bearing and flowering branches

up to 4 in. long, prostrate; leaves 13-3 in. long, 3-1 lin. broad, linear

to narrowly oblanceolate, acute, mucronate, long attenuated at the

base, indistinctly veined, adpressedly hairy, soon glabrous ; head

sessile, 2 in. long, about 14 in. in diam. surrounded by the upper

leaves ; involucral bracts 6—7-seriate ; outer ovate, produced into

long foliaceous appendages, silky-pubescent ; inner oblong or

606 PROTEACEH (Phillips & Stapf). | Protea.

spathulate-oblong, silky-pubescent on the back, ciliate, equalling

the flowers; perianth-sheath 11 lin. long, dilated, 3-keeled and

5~7T-nerved below, membranous, rufo-pubescent to the middle,

glabrous at the very base ; lip 5 lin. long, 3-awned, glabrous below,

excepting on the ciliate margin, then increasingly pubescent and

ending in a woolly tuft; lateral awns 2 lin. long, linear, woolly ;

median awn | lin. long, linear, woolly ; stamens all fertile ;

filaments } lin. long, swollen; anthers linear, 24 lin. long; apical

glands } lin. long, ovate, subacute; ovary 2 lin. long, oblong-

elliptic, covered with long reddish-brown hairs ; style 11 lin. long,

faleate, narrowing from the base upwards, flattened above, glabrous ;

stigma 2} lin. long, obtuse, finely channelled, almost imperceptibly

passing into the style. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 240.

Coast Recion: Caledon Div. ; on the Great Zwartberg Range, near Vrolykheid,

Drege ! ,

80. P. humiflora (Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 532); a shrub with loosely

and diffusely procumbent glabrous branches to over 1} ft. long ; leaves

spreading, 2-3} in. long, 14-2 lin. broad, linear, acute, not or very

slightly attenuated at the base, often shortly decurrent, indistinctly

veined, but with a distinct midrib, green, glabrous; heads solitary

at the bases of branches, often contracted into a short stipes, up

to over 1} in, long, and 2 in. in diam.; receptacle 9 lin. high,

conical; pales ovate, acute ; involucral bracts about 7-seriate,

densely hirsute; outer ovate, obtuse, finely and adpressedly

pubescent to glabrous; inner oblong or spathulate-oblong, rufo-

pubescent to silky-tomentose, equalling the flowers or slightly shorter ;

perianth-sheath up to 7 lin. long, much dilated, from above the

middle downwards, 3-keeled and 7-nerved at the base, thinly

membranous from below, glabrous; lip 2 lin. long, 3-toothed,

cylindric, glabrous, excepting at the fugaciously hairy tips, ciliate ;

teeth subequal, } lin. long; stamens subsessile; anthers linear,

1 lin. long ; apical glands } lin. long, ovate, obtuse, swollen on the

inner face; style 9 lin. long, strongly curved to sickle-shaped,

compressed in the lower half, bulbously thickened at the base,

glabrous ; stigma 1} lin. long, obtuse, slightly bent at the junction

with the style ; young fruit 4 lin. long, cylindric, covered with long

brown hairs. P. humiflorens, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol, Suppl. 7 (name

only)? ea Meisn. P. humilis, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 95 3

Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 463 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 246, partly.

P. humifusa, Hort. ex Meisn. lc. Pleuranthe glastiflora, Knight,

Prot. 50.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Masson! Drummond !

Coast Recion: Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland, Niven. Riversdale

Div. ; between Great Valsch River and Zoetemelks River and hills near Zoetemelks

River, Burchell, 6561! 67591 George Div. ; Montague Pass, Marloth in Herb.

MacOwan, 3405!

In Andrews’ figure, which represents an ‘‘ entire plant, just as we found it~

growing in the conservatory of G. Hibbert,” 4 or 5 flower-heads are shown, each

springing apparently from the base of a leafy branch and all clustered together

Protea. | PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). 607

close to the ground. In all the dried specimens the flower-heads are scattered,

but young buds may sometimes be seen close to them. In all cases, however, the

heads are a long distance from the base of the branches, and this seems to be the

natural condition. Andrews represents the involucral bracts, the perianth-lips and

the styles as purple.

81. P. decurrens (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 236); main

stem underground, throwing out a number of leaf- and flower-

bearing prostrate or ascending mostly divided glabrous branches ;

leaves 14-2} in. long, 3 lin. broad, linear to acicular, acute, shortly

‘ decurrent, glabrous ; heads lateral, solitary or in often large clusters,

but then usually only one of each cluster in flower, the others

forming small buds, 1} in. long, about $ in. in diam., obovoid and

obtuse when young, contracted at the base into a scaly stipes or

peduncle up to 5 lin. long; involucral bracts 9—10-seriate, very

densely whitish silky-pubescent to tomentose and ciliate ; outer

ovate, obtuse ; inner oblong or spathulate-oblong, villous at the

apex, exceeding the flowers; perianth-sheath 9 lin. long, dilated

from the middle downwards, 3-keeled and 7-nerved in the lower

half, thinly membranous above, glabrous ; lip 2 lin. long, 3-toothed

above, oblong, glabrous, excepting at the fugaciously villous tips ;

teeth subequal, } lin. long; stamens all fertile ; filaments 4 lin. ,

long, swollen ; anthers linear, 1} lin. long ; apical glands } lin, long,

ovate ; ovary 2 lin. long, covered with long reddish-brown hairs ;

style 10 lin. long, strongly curved to sickle-shaped, slender, subulate

upwards, from the widened and bulbously thickened base keeled ;

stigma 1} lin. long, subulate, obtuse, obscurely bent at the junction

with the style. P. humilis, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 246, partly,

not of R. Br,

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Drummond!

Coast Recion : Swellendam Div. ; mountains near Swellendam, Zeyher, 3676 !

Bolus, Herb, Norm. Austr.-Afr. 1348 !

82. P. acerosa (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 95); main stem

subterranean, producing erect branched shoots up to 1} ft. high,

with clusters of flower-heads at their base; branches glabrous ;

leaves 7-12 lin. long, }; lin. broad, linear, acute, mucronate ; heads

lateral, often very numerous, but only a few in flower at a time,

contracted into a slender scaly stipes or peduncle up to 4 lin. long,

1} in. long, about 1} in. in diam. ; young heads obovoid, obtuse ;

involucral bracts 12--14-seriate, finely but densely silky-pubescent

outside ; outer ovate, obtuse ; inner oblong to spathulate-oblong,

with thinner (often wavy) wide margins, exceeding the flowers ;

perianth-sheath 7 lin. long, dilated from above the middle down-

wards, 3-keeled and 7-nerved in the lower half, thinly membranous

above, glabrous ; lip 13 lin. long, 3-toothed, glabrous, excepting for a

few minute hairs at the tips, obtuse, ellipsoid ; teeth subequal,

¢ lin. long; stamens all fertile; filaments } lin. long, obovate,

swollen, deeply furrowed ; anthers oblong, 1 lin. long; apical

glands } lin. long, ovate, obtuse; ovary 1 lin. long, covered with

608. PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). [ Protea,

long reddish-brown hairs; style 9 lin. long, strongly curved from

the middle upwards, subulate upwards, distinctly compressed and

slightly dilated in the lower half, glabrous, somewhat bulbously

thickened at the base ; stigma 1 lin. long, oblong-linear, obtuse,

furrowed, slightly swollen at the junction with the style. Roem. &

Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 355; Bot. Reg. t. 351; Meisn. in DC.

Prodr. xiv. 246. Protea abietina, Buek, ex Meisn. 1.c.

Var. B, virgata (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 246); leaves 13~24 in. long,

filiform. Plewranthe subulefolia, Knight, Prot. 50. Protea virgata, Andy, Bot.

Hepat. 577,

Sourn Arnica : without locality, Masson, ex Brown. Var. B, Kolbing, 8!

Coast Recrion : Caledon Diy. ; tops of mountains near Genadendal, Burchell,

7703! near Palmiet River and Houw Hoek, Drége! Zeyher, 3677! Mund!

Var. 8: Caledon Div.; mountains near Genadendal and the Zondereinde River,

Niven! Burchell, 7607 !

83. P. cordata (Thunb. Diss. Prot. 59, t. v. fig. 1); stem

underground, throwing up annual leaf-bearing erect simple shoots

resembling pinnate leaves, with clusters of tlower-heads at their

base, shoots glabrous ; leaves 3-5 on each shoot, 2-4} in. long,

1}-4$ in. broad at the widest part, ovate-orbicular, obtuse, cordate

at the base, palmately 8-10-veined, glabrous, with smooth or wavy

margins ; heads contracted into a slender scaly stipes or peduncle,

2 in. long, about 2 in. in diam. ; involucral bracts 10-seriate ; outer

ovate to ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, finely pubescent and ciliate to

glabrous ; inner oblong to obovate-oblong, glabrous with densely

ciliolate margins to finely but densely and silky rufo-pubescent

without, exceeding the flowers; perianth-sheath 7 lin. long, dilated

from above the middle downwards, strongly 3-keeled and sub-

d-nerved, glabrous; lip 14 lin. long, 3-toothed, oblong, obtuse,

glabrous ; teeth subequal, | lin. long, incurved ; filaments } lin.

long, obovate, swollen; anthers elliptic-linear, curved, ? lin.

long; apical glands 1 lin. long, ovate; ovary 3 lin. long,

obovate, elliptic in outline, covered with long brown hairs ;

style 7-9 lin, long, strongly curved above the middle, bulbously

thickened at the base, then gradually tapering and subulate

upwards ; stigma } lin. long, cylindric, obtuse, somewhat swollen

at the junction with the style. Lam. Ill. i. 233 ; Thunb. Prodr, 28 ;

Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. xiv. 142; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 534; Andr. Bot.

Rep. t. 289; Poir, Eneyel. v. 639; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. i. 515;

R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 94; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg.

iil. 354; Kerner, Hort. Sempervir. viii. t. 377, ex Roem. & Schultes, le. ;

Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 245. P. cordifolia, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 649 ;

Reichenb. Fl. Exot. iv. 35, t. 274.

Coast Reaion : Stellenbosch Diy. ; mountains of Lowrys Pass, Burchell, 8190!

Hottentots Holland Mountains, Thunbery, Zeyher, 3674! Caledon Div. ; Houw

‘Hoek Mountains, Burchell, 8061! hills near the Zondereinde River, Thunberg !

84. P. amplexicaulis (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 95); main

stem underground, throwing up densely leafy simple or branched

decumbent glabrous shoots up to 2 ft. long with usually clustered or

Protea.] PROTEACE® (Phillips & Stapf). 609

approximate flower-heads at their bases, rarely higher up; leaves

spreading horizontally, 1-2} in. long, $-14 in. broad at the widest

part, ovate or lanceolate-ovate, acute, more or less amplexicaul at the

base, distinctly palmately 5-8-veined, glabrous, with undulating

often red margins ; heads lateral, suddenly contracted into a short

scaly stipes or peduncle, 2 in. long, about 2 in. in diam. ; young

heads spherical, becoming ovoid with age; involucral bracts

10-12-seriate, more or less finely pubescent to (the inner) densely

tomentose, indumentum rufous ; outer ovate, obtuse ; inner oblong

to spathulate or obovate-oblong, spreading in the adult head ;

perianth-sheath 7 lin. long, broad and much dilated, 3-keeled and

5-7-nerved below, glabrous ; lip 2} lin. long, 3-toothed, glabrous ;

teeth subequal } lin. long; filaments } lin. long, swollen ; anthers

oblong-linear, 1} lin. long ; apical glands } lin. long, ovate, sub-

acute; ovary 1? lin. long, oblong, covered with long reddish-yellow

hairs ; style 9 lin. long, more or less falcate, somewhat thickened

and widened at the base, then gradually tapering and subulate

upwards, curved, glabrous ; stigma 2 lin. long, subobtuse, gradually

passing into the style; fruit bottle-shaped, 5 lin. long. Meisn. in

DC. Prodr, xiv. 246. P. repens, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 453 (not of

Thunb. or Linn.). Erodendrum amplexicaule, Salish. Parad. t. 67.

Pleuranthe amplexicaulis, Knight, Prot. 51.

Souru AFrica: without locality, Labillardiere! Thom! Ludwig! Bowie !

Coast Rearon: Worcester Diy. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drége! Caledon Div. ;

Zwart Berg, near Caledon, Niven, 14! Zeyher, 3675! Baviaans Kloof, Burchell,

7705!

Imperfectly known species.

85. P. acuminata (Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1694); an erect plant ;

branches twiggy ; leaves linear-lanceolate or linear, acute, flat, veiny

above ; head terminal ; inner involucral bracts obtuse, concave above,

with the margins black-pubescent ; styles curved. Poir. Encyel.

Suppl. iv. 562; Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. iii. 351 ; Mant. 265.

Sourn Arrica: Known only from the figure in the Botanical Magazine and

probably allied to ?. canaliculata.

P. arborea, Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. i. 113.

P. arborescens, Hort. ex Steud. Nomencel. ed. 2, ii. 399.

P. asplenifolia, Link, 1.c.

P. brassicefolia, Hort. éx Steud. Lc.

P. carinata, Hort. Breit. ex Schult. Mant. iii. 266.

P. carnosa, Hort. ex Roem. & Schult. Syst. iii. 356.

P. cerifera, Hort. ex Roem. & Schult, Lc.

P. ciliaris, Hort. ex Roem. & Schult. |.c.

P. ciliata, Breit. Hort. Breit. 380; Schult. Mant. iii. 266.

P. concolor, Hort, ex Steud. Nomenel. ed. 2, ii. 399.

P. declinata, Hort. ex Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 247.

VOL. V.—SECT. I. 2 R

610 PROTEACE& (Phillips & Stapf). | Protea.

. ericoides, Schult. Mant. iii. 266.

. glauca, Brouss. ex Roem. & Schult. Syst. iii. 356.

graminea, Hort. ex Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 113.

grandis, Hort. ex Meisn. in DC, Prodr. xiv. 247. .

. hirtella, Hort. ex Meisn. l.c. 248.

incana, Hort. ex Meisn. l.c.

. lanceolata, Hort. ex Meisn. l.c.

. leucantha, Hort. ex Meisn. l.c.

. linguiformis, Hort. ex Meisn. l.c.

. micrantha, Hort. ex Meisn. l.c.

- Mucronata, Nois. ex Schult. Mant. iii. 266.

- multifida, Nois. ex Schult. lc.

. nigra, Regel, Cat. Pl. Hort. Aksakov. 116.

- passerina, Desf. ex Schult. lc.

. Pinaster, Hort. ex Steud. Nomencl. ed. 2, ii. 400.

. pinastrifolia, Hort. Loud. ex Dum. Cours. Bot. Cult. ed. 2,i.591.

Radula, Hort. ex Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 113.

. radulifolia, Donn, Cat. Hort. Cantab. ed. iv. 25.

reflexa, Hort. ex Meisn. l.c. 248.

retroflexa, F. G. Dietr. Vollst. Lexik. Gaertn. vii. 556.

. Setacea, Hort. ex Meisn, l.c. 248.

spiralis, Hort. ex Meisn. l.c.

. Staticefolia, Hort. ex Meisn. Le.

. Subacaulis, Hort. ex Meisn. Lc.

tenella, Hort. ex Meisn. 1.c.

tenera, Hort. ex Steud. Nomencl. ed. 2, ii. 401.

. uliginosa, Hort. ex Meisn. lc.

. viscosa, Hort. ex Meisn. J.c.

vu twee ee UN Nh

V. LEUCOSPERMUM, R. Br.

Flowers hermaphrodite, subzygomorphic, rarely quite actinomor-

phic. Perianth cylindric in bud with an ovoid or ellipsoid limb,

2- or 4-partite to or beyond the middle, always with a distinct tube ;

segments differentiated into aslender claw and a spoon-shaped limb ;

the posticous (adaxial) and the lateral claws usually permanently

united, or separating at the tips or all along, with a fleshy, often

finely 2-keeled, more or less decurrent swelling at the upper end

and there recurved or revolute in the open flower, anticous claw

like the others, but free or adhering to them by the tips only ;

Leucospermum.} PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). 611

limbs soon free, deflexed or inflexed on the revolute tips of the

claws. Stamens 4; anthers oblong to ovate, sessile or subsessile,

inserted at the base of the limb ; connective always very marked

on the back of the anther, sometimes produced into a small point.

Hypogynous scales 4, linear or subulate. Ovary sessile, pubescent,

surrounded by a basal ring of hairs; style filiform or subulate,

straight or nearly so, subpersistent ; stigma conical, ovoid, obliquely

turbinate or cylindrical, large or small, epapillose. Ovule 1, laterally

attached. Fruit a smooth, whitish, often shining nut with a crusta-

ceous pericarp. Seed solitary.

Erect or sometimes procumbent shrubs ; leaves usually very crowded, entire or

toothed at the apex, coriaceous, like the stems usually with a fine dense whitish

or greyish covering of minute curled hairs and sometimes an additional indu-

mentum of copious or scanty long spreading hairs, or sooner or later glabrous ;

flowers in terminal, or by overtopping pseudolateral, heads ; heads solitary or in

clusters of 2-8, rarely more, shortly peduncled or sessile, bracteate, all the bracts

of the head fertile or usually the outer barren, forming a more or leas distinct

involucre, the fertile bracts distributed over a cylindric, conical or flat receptacle,

like the barren ones persistent and often at length indurated, nearly always very

densely tomentose on the back; perianth more or less hairy, usually yellow

(rarely red) or reddish upwards ; styles yellow ; stigmas often red.

Distris. About 32 species in extratropical South Africa, mostly in the coast

region, one extending into Rhodesia.

A. Flower-heads large, including the styles 2} (rarely 2)-3 in. long ; receptacle

cylindrical, much longer than wide (excepting 12, pramorsum).

Section 1. ConocarpopENDRoN. Heads large, including the styles 24

(rarely 2)-3 in. long, with or without a distinct involucre of barren

bracts ; receptacle cylindrical, much longer than wide (excepting 12,

premorsum); fertile bracts persistent, more or less indurated; the

adaxial and lateral perianth-claws permanently united into a sheath,

or flattened-out and revolute in the upper part ; abaxial claw adhering

long to the top of the sheath, otherwise free ; limbs reflexed or inflexed ;

styles 14-3 in. long, tapering and markedly quadrangular (or sometimes

sub-8-angular) upward; stigma various. Small, mostly erect shrubs,

rarely attaining to 6-10 ft.

*Stigma obliquely turbinate (hoof-shaped) with a large

oblique discoid face :

Leaves glabrous or nearly so when adult :

Leaves more or less ovate, cordate at the base, entire

or very broadly and shortly 3-toothed, 14-24 by

Ag ve ay haa bes ey ve --» (1) nutans,

Leaves oblong, obtuse at the base, coarsely 3-6-toothed,

the larger 3-34 by lin... vs ace ze

Leaves all permanently greyish-tomentose, attenuated

at the base et vee ae ins ae ‘

**Stigma conic-ovoid, very much wider at the base than

the style :

tLeaves oblong to elliptic, or obovate or if oblong-linear,

then at most 6 times as long as broad, 1}-1} in.

broad :

(2) mixtum,

(3) Bolusii.

Basal barren bracts of flower-head not forming a dis-

tinct involucre :

ZR 2

612 PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). | Lewcospermum.

Basal barren bracts of flower-head densely and long-

hirsute, hidden by the hairs ; leaves distinctly

veined, cordate or obtuse at the base, 2-4 by

$-lf in.:

Branches stout, densely hirsute besides being

finely greyish-tomentose : leaves very much

crowded, more or less permanently hirsute

near the base (4) conocarpum.

Branches not stout, nor hirsute besides being

finely greyish-tomentose ; leaves moderately

crowded, glabrous except at the shortly

villous or puberulous base... aa ... (5) glabrum.

Basal barren bracts of flower-head shortly and

densely tomentose, small ; leaves attenuated at

the base:

Leaves very stoutly coriaceous, dull, pale to

glaucous-green, veinless or the veins very fine

and impressed ... ves as . (6) attenuatum,

Leaves moderately coriaceous, green, slightly dull

to almost glossy ; veins slender, raised (7) Gerrardii.

Basal bracts of flower-head forming a distinct short

involucre, ovate, gradually acuminate, sparingly

hairy to glabrous upwards and sidewards :

Leaves 13-3 in. by 3-1 in., uppermost coming up

close to the head :

Leaves deeply 6-7-toothed vas si (8) incisum.

toothed

Leaves 1-14 by } to almost } in. ; flower-heads

more or less exserted on a loosely bracteate

peduncle from the uppermost leaves... -» (10) tottum, —

ttLeaves narrowly linear, often with recurved margins,

14-3 by ~-# in. o. oie iv Si ... (11) lineare.

***Stigma cylindric or subsubulate :

Flowers erect :

Leaves cuneate to oblanceolate-cuneate, more or less

truneate and about 7-toothed, very obscurely

veined ; basal bracts of flower-head long linear,

acuminate and long-pilose ... iy ves ... (12) premorsum,

Leaves elliptic-oblong to lanceolate, shortly attenuated

at the base, entire or 3-toothed, prominently

veined ; basal bracts broad-ovate to ovate-lanceo-

late, loosely hairy or glabrous... i ... (13) grandiflorum.

Flowers deflexed ... «. er we ... (14) reflexum,

B, Flower-heads medium-sized to small, including the styles from less than

1-14 lin. long; receptacle flat or slightly convex, rarely broad-conic (15,

hypophyllum) or oblong (30, obtusatum). ;

Section 2. HyporHyttormea, Heads medium-sized, including the styles

1-1} in. long, with or without (17, Muirii) a distinct involucre of barren

bracts ; receptacle broad-conic (15, hypophyllum), slightly convex or flat ;

fertile bracts persistent, more or less indurated, at least below ;

and lateral perianth-claws united into a sheath recurved at the top, often

twisted, abaxial claw free ; limbs deflexed, the abaxial early free ; styles

filiform, 4-$ in. long, slightly quadrangular upwards; stigma more or

less cylindric. Shrubs up to 6 ft. high or procumbent.

Leaves entire or very shortly 3- (rarely 5-)

ais oe fe ve ... (9) ellipticum,

a a

Leucospermum.| PROTEACES (Phillips & Stapf). 613

Receptacle conical, as high as wide at the base; flower-

heads distinctly peduncled, peduncle up to 1 in. long,

loosely bracteate ; bracts like those of the involucre

very broadly ovate ve - ... (15) hypophyllum,

Receptacle low-convex or flat ; flower-heads shortly peduncled

and with imbricate bracts, or sessile among the crowded

uppermost leaves ; bracts acuminate :

Involucral bracts densely and shortly tomentose all over

or absent :

Leaves linear, 14-24 in, by 1-8 lin., greyish-tomentose

or glabrous, margins often recurved ; bracts very

densely imbricate passing from the short peduncle

into the involucre ... spe in 2 ... (16) tomentosum.

Leaves oblong to oblanceolate or linear-oblong, 14-2 in.

by 2-6 lin. :

Leaves glabrous or sometimes finely tomentose at

the base, pale green; flower-heads shortly

peduncled without a distinct involucre... ... (17) Muirii.

Leaves permanently whitish-tomentellous ; flower-

heads sessile, with a densely imbricated in-

volucre.., s ee ie .-. (18) candicans.

Involucral bracts of the sessile flower-heads long-acu-

minate, scarious upwards, brown, more or less

glabrous and ciliate ‘ nee «»» (19) parile.

Section 3. Criyirz., Heads rather small with a flat top, including the style,

1-1} in. long, with a distinct though sometimes very short involucre of

barren bracts; receptacle flat; floral bracts persistent, rarely indurated ;

adaxial and lateral perianth-claws united up to the limb (or free upwards)

into a narrow and sometimes flattened-out more or less straight sheath ;

abaxial claw free ; limbs deflexed, the abaxial early free ; styles filiform,

somewhat quadrangular about the middle, tapering and almost capillary

upwards, ? to over 1 in. long ; stigma minute and slender, cylindric.

Involucral bracts much exceeding the flowers, up to 6 lin.

long, penicillate ... oe sis ie ei »-» (20) crinitum,

Involucral bracts shorter than the flowers :

Involucral bracts ovate to ovate-lanceolate, finely acumi-

nate, reaching to or exceeding the middle of the

flower-head :

Leaves oblong to linear-oblong, 3-6 lin. broad ... (21) oleefolium,

Leaves linear, about 2 lin. broad ie ort ... (22) diffusum.

Involucral bracts usually very short, not reaching up to

the middle of the flower-head :

Leaves linear, about 2 lin. broad eve fee ... (23) stenanthum.

Leaves cuneate-obovate, up to over 1 in, wide ... (24) Mundii.

Section 4. DrastELomrm. Heads small, usually under 1 in. long including

the styles, with a distinct (though sometimes scanty) involucre of barren

bracts; receptacle flut ; floral bracts persistent, narrow, not indurated ;

adaxial and lateral perianth-claws usually more or less separating at

length, or already when the flower opens and then quite like the abaxial

claw which is always free ; limbs deflexed ; style filiform, obscurely quad-

rangular, 5-11 lin. long ; stigma minute. Small shrubs, erect (up to 5 ft, _

high) or procumbent.

Stigma conic-ovoid from a broad base :

Leaves very closely imbricate, quite concealing the ;

stem, suborbicular to oblong-elliptic... ... (25) buxifolium,

614 ~ PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). [ Lewcospermum.

Leaves imbricate, but usually not so close as to

conceal the stem, sometimes loosely scattered,

oblanceolate to oblong-linear ... Ae ... (26) puberum,

Stigma clavate or cylindric :

Leaves more or less distinctly veined, more or less

glabrescent, but rarely quite glabrous when

adult ; flower-heads with a distinct involucre

of barren lanceolate bracts :

Heads rather lax, turbinate ; fruit not beaked ... (27) royenifolium.

Heads very compact and many-flowered, hemi-

spherical ; fruit with a distinct conical beak (28) prostratum.

Leaves veinless, glabrous when adult; flower-heads

with a scanty involucre of few barren bracts:

Leaves obovate to spathulate, about 12 by 3-4 lin. (29) cartilagineum.

Leaves spathulate-linear to linear :

Leaves about 6 by 1-1} lin.; floral bracts

tomentose ; perianth 43-5 lin. long ... (80) obtusatum.

Leaves 9-15 by 1 lin.; floral bracts glabrous

excepting at the ciliate margins ; perianth

not much over 3 lin. long ... ee ... (31) zwartbergense.

1. L. nutans (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 98); shrub, 4 ft.

high ; branches minutely woolly tomentose ; leaves ovate, oblong

or subelliptic, obtuse, rounded or truncate at the apex, entire or

callously 2—4-toothed, cordate at the base, 1-23 in. long, $—1} in.

broad, dull green, almost glaucous, distinctly veined, glabrous or

minutely crisped-pubescent when young, usually decreasing in

length upwards; heads solitary, without a definite involucre of

barren bracts, peduncled, 14-2 in. in diam. excluding the styles ;

peduncle 6-9 lin. long, tomentose, with numerous imbricate, often

recurved, ovate, suddenly or gradually acuminate, tomentose bracts ;

receptacle cylindric, about 9 lin. high, 3 lin. in diam. ; floral bracts

broad ovate or obovate to obovate-cuneate, suddenly contracted

into a subulate acumen, 4-6 lin. long, very densely and long-

tomentose up to the truncate and minutely tomentose top, acumen

finely tomentose and ciliate ; adult flower-bud almost 1 in. long;

perianth-tube 3-4 lin. long, glabrous; adaxial and lateral claws

permanently connate into a concave or flattened-out sheath 6-7 lin.

long, and flattened out over 1 lin. wide, shortly villous or pubescent

along the sides only, abaxial claw free except towards the apex,

hairy all over; limbs oblong-ovate, subacute, 1} lin. long ; stamens

subsessile ; anthers oblong-ovate, 1 lin. long; hypogynous scales

linear, obtuse, 3 lin. long; ovary oblong, 3 lin. long, very finely

pubescent, surrounded by whitish hairs, 1J-2 lin. long; style

nearly 2 in. long, rather stout, acutely ‘quadrangular above,

glabrous ; stigma obliquely turbinate (hoof-shaped), face with a

prominent longitudinal ridge ; fruit subglobose, 34 lin. long, very

sparsely puberulous. Meisn. in DO. Prodr. xiv. 253. L. Meisner

and L, nutans, var. integrum, Gandog. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, x\viii.

p. xciv. Leucadendrum cordifolium, Knight, Prot, 54, L. nutans,

Leucospermum.| PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). 615

O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 579. Protea nutans, Poir. ex Steud.

Nomenel. ed. 2, ii. 400.

SoutH AFRIca: without locality, Masson! Ludwig! Gueinzius!

Coast Rreton: Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek and Little Houw Hoek, Niven!

Mund, 16! Bolus, 5237! Schlechter, 7332! Zwart Berg, near Caledon, Zeyher,

3678! Pappe! Zandfontein, Galpin, 4459! Bredasdorp Div. ; between Caledon

and Elim, Bolus, 7858! Koude River, Schlechter, 9595! Swellendam Div. ;

mountains near Swellendam, MacOwan, 2825; also from gardens at Cape Town,

Burchell, 744 | and between Cape Town and George, Bowie !

2. L. mixtum (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 332); branches

tomentose ; leaves oblong, coarsely 3-6-toothed or the lowest and

some of the uppermost entire, subobtuse or obtuse at the base,

3-41 in. long (or those near the base and the top of the branch

14-2 in. long), 4-1} in. broad, glabrous or pubescent to minutely

villous below and on the margins; heads solitary, without a

definite involucre of barren bracts, peduncled, about 2 in. in diam.

excluding styles ; peduncle about 1 in. long, with numerous, imbri-

cate, often recurved, ovate, suddenly or gradually acuminate,

tomentose bracts; receptacle cylindric ; floral bracts obovate to

obovate-cuneate, abruptly contracted into a subulate acumen,

6-7 lin. long, very densely tomentose up to the truncate and

minutely tomentose top, then finely and densely pubescent ; adult

flower-bud 1}-1} in. long ; perianth-tube 33-4 lin. long, glabrous ;

adaxial and lateral claws permanently connate into a concave or

flattened-out sheath about 8 lin. long, and flattened out up to

2 lin. wide, pubescent along the margins, abaxial claw free except

towards the apex, hairy all over ; limbs ovate-oblong, acute, 13-13

lin. long ; anthers subsessile, oblong-ovate, 1 lin. long ; hypogynous

scales, linear, obtuse, } lin. long ; ovary oblong, 1} lin. long, densely

and very finely whitish pubescent up to or beyond the middle,

surrounded by whitish hairs 1}-2 lin. long; style 2 in. long,

rather stout, acutely quadrangular above, glabrous; stigma ob-

liquely turbinate (hoof-shaped) ; face with a prominent longitudinal

ridge.

Sovrn AFrica: without locality or collector’s name ‘Kew Herbarium).

This is possibly only an extreme variation of L. nutans, characterised by

longer, relatively narrow and more toothed leaves with obtuse or subobtuse—

not cordate—bases. The differences in the flowers are mainly connected with size.

3. L. Bolusii (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 330; not of

Gandoger) ; branches greyish-villous ; leaves oblanceolate-oblong,

obtuse and bluntly 3—5-toothed at the apex, narrowed at the base,

21-3} in. long, } to over 3 in. broad, minutely and densely greyish-

tomentose, distinctly veined, not densely crowded below the flower-

heads ; heads few at the end of the branches or solitary (?), without

a definite involucre of barren bracts, peduneled, 2 in. long, about

1} in. in diam. excluding the styles; peduncle 1-1} in. long,

tomentose, loosely bracteate ; bracts ovate, acuminate, tomentose ;

floral bracts broadly obovate, suddenly contracted into a subulate

616 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). [Lewcospermwm.

acumen, including the latter 6-7 lin. long and up to 34 lin. broad,

densely tomentose up to a straight line across and just below the

truncate top, this and the acumen shortly tomentose ; adult flower-

bud rather under 1 in. long; perianth-tube 4 lin. long, glabrous ;

adaxial and lateral claws permanently connate into a concave or

more or less flattened-out sheath, about 6 lin. long, pubescent

wlong the margins, abaxial claw free except towards the apex,

hairy all over; limbs ovate-oblong, subacute, up to 2 lin. long,

minutely hirsute; anthers subsessile, ovate-oblong, 1 lin. long ;

hypogynous scales linear, acute, 3 lin. long; ovary oblong up to

2 lin. long, densely and very finely whitish-pubescent, surrounded

by whitish hairs, 2 lin. long; style about 13 lin. long, rather stout,

acutely quadrangular above, glabrous ; stigma obliquely turbinate

(hoof-shaped), face with a prominent longitudinal ridge; fruit

unknown.

Coast Recion: Bredasdorp Div. ; near Elim, Bolus, 8586 !

4. L. conocarpum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 99); a shrub

or small tree, 6-8 ft. high; branches stout, minutely woolly

tomentose and at the same time softly hirsute with long hairs ;

leaves crowded up to the flower-heads and surrounding them,

usually concealing the stem upwards, obovate to oblanceolate-

oblong, obtuse or acute, 4—9-toothed at the apex, very rarely

entire, each tooth with a blunt callous point, 13-34 in. long, 4-14

in. broad, at first more or less hirsute with long soft hairs, then

glabrescent with the exception of the villous base and margins,

prominently veined ; heads golden-yellow, usually solitary, rarely

geminate, shortly peduncled, 2-23 in, long, excluding the styles

about 14-2 in. in diam., with an obscure involucre of few barren

bracts; peduncle very stout, up to $ in. long, with ovate sub-

acuminate very hairy bracts; receptacle conic-cylindric, about 1 in.

long; involucral bracts caudate-acuminate from an ovate base,

8-10 lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad, fulvously villous or softly hirsute ;

floral bracts ovate or obovate, and abruptly contracted into a

linear or subulate acumen, densely hirsute to felted ; adult

flower-bud about 14 in. long ; perianth-tube 4—5 lin. long, more or

less finely pubescent above, otherwise glabrous ; adaxial and lateral

claws permanently connate into a concave or more or less flattened-

out flexuous sheath, 9-12 lin. long, like the free abaxial claw

loosely and softly hirsute; limbs oblong, subacute, 3 lin. long,

densely hirsute; anthers subsessile, oblong, almost 2 lin. long ;

hypogynous scales linear, 1} lin. long; ovary oblong, 14-2 lin.

long, greyish-pubescent, surrounded by whitish or yellowish hairs

of the same length; style over 1? in. long, acutely quadrangular

above, with secondary less prominent angles between the primary,

glabrous ; stigma oblong-conical, subobtuse, 2 lin. long, 8-grooved.

Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 254; Roupell, Cape Flow. t. 6, fig. 1;

Pappe, Silva Cap. 28; Sim, For. Fl. Cape, 297, t. 129, fig. ii.

L. MacOwanii, Gandog. in Bull. Bot, Soc. France, x\viii. p. xeiv.

Leucospermum.] PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). 617

Leucadendron conocarpodendron, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ic 93; Berg. in

Vet. Acad. Handl. Stockh. 1766, 321; Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. iii.

358. L. crassicaule, Knight, Prot. 55. Protea conocarpa, Thunb.

Diss. Prot. 22; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 126; Lam. Ill. i. 239, t. 53,

Jig. 3; Poir. Encycl. v. 656. P. tortuosa, Salish. Prodr. 48.—Leuca-

dendro similis Africana arbor, etc., Pluk. Phyt. t. 200, fig. 2 (leaf

only). Conocarpodendron, folio crasso, nervoso, etc., Boerh. Ind. Pl.

Hort. Lugd. Bat. ii. 196, t. 196. Scolymocephalus africanus folio

crasso, etc., Weinm. Phyt. iv, 292, t. 899, fig. b.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Thunberg! Roxburgh! Sieber, 6! Ludwig !

Thom! Forster! Gueinzius !

Coast Recion: Cape Div.; Mountains and Flats around Cape Town, Burchell,

400! 809! 8517! Brown! Bowie! Drége! Ecklon, 3201 470! Zeyher! Milne!

MacGillivray, 640! Wright! Harvey, 702! Bolus, 2909! MacOwan, Herb. Norm.

Austr.-Afr., 774! Wilms, 3554! Wolley-Dod, 570! Rogers, 3001! Phillips!

Caledon Div. ; between Houw Hoek and Palmiet River, Burchell, 8170! Zana-

fontein, Galpin, 4462 !

This is the ‘‘ Kreupelboom” or ‘‘ Poudboom”? of the Dutch. The reddish,

tough but soft wood is used for waggon felloes, and for making charcoal. The

bark yields good material for tanning.

5. L. glabrum (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 331); an erect

shrub, up to 6 ft. high ; branches very minutely tomentose, some-

times with a few long spreading hairs; leaves scattered or

moderately crowded, more or less exposing the stem, the uppermost

loosely surrounding the flower-heads, obovate-oblong to oblanceolate,

coarsely 8-13-toothed at the apex, rarely less than 8-toothed or

entire, with the teeth subacute with a callous point, narrowed at

the base, 2—4 in. long, 4-1} in. broad, glabrous or more or less

puberulous to shortly villous at the base, distinctly veined ; heads

golden-yellow, solitary, subsessile or shortly peduncled, about 2} in.

long excluding the styles and about as wide, with an obscure

involucre of few barren bracts; receptacle conic-cylindric, over

1 in. long; peduncle stout, rarely up to 4 in. long, with ovate

_ subulate-acuminate bracts, tomentose below, hirsute above, up to

6 lin. long ; involucral bracts similar to those of the peduncle, but

more caudate-acuminate and very densely hirsute-tomentose all

over, passing into the broad-obovate, abruptly caudate floral bracts,

up to 7 lin. long and 33 lin. wide; adult flower-bud up to over

1} lin. long; perianth-tube 5 lin. long, glabrous; adaxial and

lateral claws permanently connate into a concave or more or less

flattened-out slightly flexuous sheath with the exception of the

upper part which is at length generally free for 1-2 lin. and

variously bent or recurved, with long scattered hairs along the

margins, otherwise glabrous below and finely fulvous-tomentose

upwards ; abaxial claw coherent at the upper end with the sheath

or at length quite free, hirsute and finely fulvous-tomentose all over

except at the more or less glabrous base; limbs oblong, acute,

3 lin, long, red within, densely hirsute; anthers subsessile, oblong,

2} lin. long ; hypogynous scales lanceolate-subulate to subulate, } lin,

618 PROTEACES (Phillips & Stapf). [ Lewcospermum.

long ; ovary oblong, 1 lin. long, densely pubescent, surrounded by

yellowish hairs up to 2 lin, long; style 2 in. long, acutely quadrangu-

lar above with less prominent secondary ridges between the primary ;

stigma conical, subobtuse, 2} lin. long, 8-grooved, carmine with

yellowish or greenish tips.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Mund! .

Coast Recion: George Div.; near Touw River, Burchell, 5726! 5754!

Springfield and edge of the Forest near the Poort, Bowie! between Cape Town

and George, Rogers! Knysna Div. ; Plettensberg Bay, Bowie!

6. L. attenuatum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 96); a bush,

3-5 ft. high; branches spreading, minutely tomentose, often with

scattered long hairs or villous-hirsute, at length glabrescent ; leaves

scattered, uppermost loosely surrounding the flower-heads, not

much closer than the lower, oblong-oblanceolate, oblanceolate, rarely

sublinear, truncate or subobtuse, 3—7-toothed at the apex, with

usually short and broad teeth ending in callous tips, rarely entire,

long cuneate at the base, 1}-3} in. long, } to over # in. broad, very

stoutly coriaceous, indistinctly nerved, more or less rusty-pubescent

to tomentose when young, soon glabrescent, excepting sometimes

the base and lower margins ; heads solitary or geminate, 14—2 in.

long excluding the styles, 11-14 in. wide, golden-yellow or tinged

with red or almost red, peduncled, without a definite involucre of

barren bracts; peduncle }—1 in. long, finely tomentose, bearing

loosely imbricate, more or less spreading, ovate, acuminate, shortly

tomentose bracts; receptacle cylindrical, 1-1} in. long; floral

bracts ovate to obovate, acuminate or subacuminate, 3-3} lin. long,

14-2? lin. broad, densely tomentose ; adult flower-bud about 1} to

over 1} in. long; perianth-tube about 3-34 lin. long, glabrous

below, densely and finely tomentose above; adaxial and lateral

claws permanently connate into a concave or partly flattened-out

sheath about 10 lin. long, excepting the upper part which is

generally free for 1-14 lin. and variously bent or recurved, with

(very rarely without) long scattered hairs along the finely fulvous-.

tomentose margins, glabrous on the back at the base, finely

fulvous-tomentose above; abaxial claw coherent at the upper end

with the sheath or at length free, finely fulvous-tomentose and

hirsute all over; limbs lanceolate, acute, 2 lin. long, finely

tomentose and hirsute ; anthers subsessile, oblong, 1-1} lin. long ;

hypogynous scales linear or cylindric, 3~1 lin. long; ovary oblong, |

4 lin. long, densely pubescent below ; style 11-1} in. long, stout,

quadrangular above with faint secondary ridges between the

primary, glabrous; stigma conical or almost oblong, up to 1 lin.

long, 8-grooved ; fruit ellipsoid-globose, whitish, 2 lin. long, sparingly

and minutely puberulous. Roem, d& Schult. Syst. Veg. iii. 357;

Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 256 (inel. vars. Dregei and (?) ambiguum) ;

Sim, For. Fl. Cape, 297, t. 131, fig. iii. L. Zeyheri, Meisn. Le.

255 (inel. var. truncatum). LL. truncatum, Buek ex Meisn. Lc. 256.

L. truncatum, var. septemdentatum, Gandog. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France,

Leucospermum.| PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). 619

xl. p. xev. L. saxosum, S. Moore in Trans. Linn. Soc, xl. 185.

Protea conocarpa, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 22, partly; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult.

126, partly. P. elliptica, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 22; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult.

126. P. attenuata, Poir. Encyel. Suppl. iv. 566. P. tridentata, Hort.

ea Meisn. l.c. 248. Leucadendrum phyllanthifolium, Knight, Prot. 55.

L. cervinum, Knight, lc. 55 (2). DL. formosum and L. truncatum, O.

Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 578. L. attenuatum, O. Kuntze, l.c. 579.

Soura AFRICA: without locality, Thunberg (P. conocarpum, B of Herb. Thun-

berg and P, elliptica in Stockholm Herbarium) ! Mund! Roxburgh ! Ludwig!

Coast Reaion: Bredasdorp Div. ; Between Cape Aghullas and Pot Berg,

Drége! Rietfontein Poort, Schlechter, 9696! Swellendam Div. ; hills by the

Buffeljagts River, Zeyher, 3682! near Swellendam, Niven, 49! Burchell, 7376 !

Zeyher, 3681! Riversdale Div. ; Riversdale, Pappe! Muir! at and near Garcias

Pass, Galpin, 4460! 4461! Mossel Bay Div.; Attaquas Kloof, Gill! George

Div. ; on mountains, Bowie! Knysna Div.; Knysna, Pappe! between Knysna

and Goukamma River, Burchell, 5563! Uniondale Div.; near Avontuur, Bolus,

1583! Uitenhage Div.; Strandfontein and Matjesfontein, Drége! Uitenhage,

Zeyher, 380! Van Stadens Berg, Drége! Galgebosch, Pappe! between Uitenhage

and Algoa Bay, Burchell, 4275! Port Elizabeth Div. ; around Krakakamana,

Burchell, 4589 | Port Elizabeth, Zeyher, 3680! Laidley. Algoa Bay, Cooper, 1583 !

Albany Div. ; Howisons Poort, MacOwan, 62! and in Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 778!

Schinland, 349! Cooper, 1545! Coldstream, Misses Daly & Sole, 264! Bathurst

Div. ; mouth of Great Fish River, Burchell, 3759 |! Komgha Div. ; near Keimouth,

Flanagan, 488!

Katanwart Recion: Swaziland, Saltmarsh in Herb. Galpin, 1045!

Eastern Recion: Transkei Div. ; Transkei, Miss Pegler, 714.

Also in Gazaland.

The flowers of specimens collected by Galpin at Garcias Pass (4461) are

destitute of the long spreading hairs generally found intermixed with the short

dense tomentum of the perianth, otherwise they agree with his 4460 from the

same locality, which represents the common state. The size of the heads and

flowers and the shape and size of the stigma are somewhat variable in this

species, but it has not been possible to establish any correlation between these

and other characters or refer those forms to definite areas.

7. L. Gerrardii (Stapf) ; a small undershrub, } ft. high ; branches

slender, minutely tomentose upwards with intermixed spreading

hairs, glabrescent below; leaves scattered, uppermost loosely

surrounding the flower-heads, oblong-oblanceolate, rounded at the

apex with 3-2 small callously pointed teeth or the smaller quite

entire and acute, long-cuneate towards the base, often narrowed

into a slender short petiole, 2-2} in. long, }—3 in. broad, thinly

coriaceous, prominently nerved, in the adult state almost glabrous

with traces of a fine tomentum and some very fine long hairs;

heads solitary, shortly peduncled, without a definite involucre of

barren bracts, about 1} in. long and wide; peduncle } in. long,

finely tomentose, bearing loosely imbricate, more or less spreading,

caudate-acuminate bracts, shortly tomentose below and hirsute on

the tails; receptacle cylindrical, }—2 in. long; floral bracts ovate,

caudate or acuminate up to 6 lin. long (including the sometimes

4 lin.-long tails), densely tomentose, hirsute on the tails; adult

flower-bud about 1 in. long; perianth, stamens and pistil as in

L. attenuatum, but smaller in all parts ; anthers subsessile, under

620 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). [Zewcospermum.

1 lin. long; style up to over 1} in. long ; stigma oblong, slightly

wider at the base }~1 lin. long.

Eastern Recron;: Natal or Zululand, Gerrard, 1664!

8. L. incisum (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 331); branches

minutely tomentose and long hirsute ; leaves very much crowded,

concealing the stem, the uppermost close to the tlower-head, much

reduced, ollong, coarsely and deeply 6—7- (rarely 5-)toothed towards

the apex, with acute callously pointed teeth, obtuse at the base,

2) in. long, }—3} in. broad, distinctly veined, glabrous except at the

scantily pil se base and lower margins ; head subsessile, 24 in. long,

over 2 in. in diam., with few barren bracts at the base ; receptacle

cylindric, [4 in. long; barren and fertile bracts similar, ovate to

obovate, gradually acuminate to subcaudate, including the acumen

up to 8 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, very minutely tomentose below,

glabrescent upwards, long-ciliate all round ; adult tlower-bud almost

1} in. long; perianth-tube 3 lin. long, glabrous ; adaxial and lateral

claws permanently united into a concave or partly flattened-

out purple sheath revolute above, about 10 lin. long, hirsute

along the margins, minutely and sparsely pubescent on the back ;

abaxial claw adhering to the sheath or at length free, hirsute and

pubescent all over ; limbs reflexed on the revolute top of the claw,

oblong, acute, 2 lin. long, finely tomentose and hirsute, hairs partly

red ; anthers subsessile, ovate-oblong, 1 lin. long, connective wide ;

hypogynous scales linear, obtuse, } lin. long ; ovary oblong, densely

and minutely pubescent; style 2 in. long, acutely quadrangular

above with or without secondary ridges between the angles,

glabrous ; stigma obliquely conic-ovoid, almost 1} lin. long, unequally

grooved.

Coast Rraion: Worcester Diy. ; Breede River Valley, near Darling Bridge,

Bolus, 5285 !

9. L. ellipticum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn, Soc. x. 98) ; a sometimes

very large dense bush, up to 12 ft. high; branches more or less

hirsute and minutely tomentose; leaves much crowded up to the

flower-heads, mostly erect and concealing the stem, sometimes

spreading, oblong to elliptic or ovate-oblong, entire or 3- (rarely 5-)

toothed at the apex with callous-pointed teeth, rounded or cordate

at the base, 14-3 in. long, 4-1 in. broad, more or less distinctly

veined, finely tomentose when young or glabrous or villous near the

base ; heads greenish-yellow, tinged with red, solitary, peduncled,

2-24 in. long, excluding the styles up to 24 in. in diam., with a

definite short involucre of imbricate barren bracts ; peduncle t in.

long, covered with closely imbricate, ovate or ovate-lanceolate,

acuminate, very finely silky-pubescent, then glabrous, ciliate bracts ;

receptacle cylindric over 1 in. long, 2 lin. in diam. ; barren and floral

bracts similar, ovate, acuminate, 6-7 lin. long, very finely silky-pubes-

cent below, then glabrous, ciliate ; adult flower-bud up to 1} in, long ;

Leucospermum.| PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). 621

perianth-tube 2—4 lin. long, glabrous ; adaxial and lateral claws per-

manently united into a sheath concave or flattened-out and revolute

above, 9-10 lin. long, hirsute or glabrous on the back below ; abaxial

claw long-adhering to the top of the sheath, hirsute all over ; limbs

ovate-oblong, acute, up to 2 lin. long, inflexed on the revolute top

of the claw, finely tomentose and hirsute, some of the hairs red ;

anthers over } lin. long, on broad filaments, broadly ovate-oblong,

1 lin. long, connective wide ; hypogynous scales 1 lin. long, obtuse ;

ovary oblong, over 1 lin. long, densely and minutely whitish

pubescent ; style almost 2 lin. long, robust, acutely quadrangular

above, glabrous; stigma orange-red, obliquely conic-ovoid, 1} lin.

long, unequally grooved; fruit globose-ellipsoid, whitish, 3) lin.

long, very sparingly and minutely puberulous. Roem. & Schult.

Syst. Veg. iii. 358; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 255. L. medium,

R. Br. lc. 97; Meisn. lc. Protea conocarpa, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 22,

partly; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 126, partly. P. media, Poir. Encyel.

Suppl. iv. 566. P. formosa, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 17; Tratt. Thesaur.

t. 10, not of R. Br. P. tomentosa, Salisb. l.c. (teste Knight) not of

Thunb. Leucadendrum ellipticum, Knight, Prot. 53; O. Kuntze, Rev.

Gen. Pl. ii. 579. LL. formosum, Knight, lc. 54.

Sovr# Arrica: without locality, Oldenburg! Thunberg (sheet a in Herb.

Thunberg and in Herb. Stockholm)! Roxburgh! Brown! Mund!

Coast Reeion: Clanwilliam Div.; Jakhals Vley Mountains, Niven, 53!

Blue Berg, Drége, 8056! Tulbagh Div. ; near Tulbagh, Zeyher, 1461! Pappe !

Bolus, 5236! Tulbagh Waterfall, Niven, 47! MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr.

904! Phillips, 524! Tulbagh Road, Schlechter, 8997 !

10. L. tottum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 97); a slender

shrub; branches horizontally spreading, from more or less finely

greyish-hirsute and minutely tomentose to glabrous ;_ leaves

rather scattered, more or less spreading and exposing the stem,

oblong, obtuse or subacute, with a callous point, entire, rarely

3-toothed, narrow or broad at the base, 1-1} (rarely 2) in. long,

4 to almost } in. broad, distinctly veined, glabrous or more or

less hairy, particularly when young; heads solitary, peduncled,

exserted from the uppermost leaves, 14-2 in. long excluding the

styles, and as wide, with a definite involucre of imbricate reddish

sometimes spreading bracts ; peduncle up to 1 in. long, covered with

imbricate ovate acute to acuminate glabrous ciliate bracts ; receptacle

cylindric, about 1 in, long ; barren and fertile bracts similar, broad-

ovate to (the inner) obovate, acuminate to caudate- or subulate-

acuminate, 5-7 lin. long, 3$—-4 lin. broad, outermost more or less

glabrous on the back, inner increasingly adpressedly-hirsute ; adult

flower-bud 13-2 in. long; perianth-tube 3-4 lin. long, pubescent

above, glabrous below ; adaxial and lateral claws permanently united

into a concave or upwards flattened-out and revolute sheath, about

14-16 lin. long, hirsute all over like the apically adhering or free

abaxial claw ; limbs ovate-oblong, acute, almost 2 lin. long, inflexed

622 _ PROTEACEH (Phillips & Stapf). | Leucospermum.

on the revolute top of the claw, hirsute, some of the hairs red ;

anthers sessile, ovate, over } lin. long ; hypogynous scales linear,

acute, up to 7 lin. long; ovary oblong to ellipsoid 1 lin. long,

minutely whitish-pubescent surrounded by whitish hairs of the same

length ; style 1-2 in. long, acutely quadrangular above, glabrous ;

stigma obliquely ovoid, obtuse, not or obscurely grooved. Roem. &

Schult. Syst. Veg. iii. 357 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 257. Protea

totta, Linn. Mant. alt. 191; Thunb. Diss. Prot. 42 and Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 139; Lam. Ill. i. 235; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 532; Poir. Encyel.

v. 644. Leucadendron horizontale, Knight, Prot. 53. L. Totta,

O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 579.

SoutH Arrica : without locality, Oldenburg! Thunbery ! Drége! Brown! Zeyher,

1462! Cooper, 3070! ;

Coast Reaion : Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drége! MacOwan in Herb.

Norm. Austr.-Afr. 776! Worcester, Cooper, 1597! Tulbagh Waterfall, Niven, 47!

Pappe! MacOwan, 2505! Zeyher |

CenTRAL Reaion: Ceres Div. ; Klein Vley, Cold Bokkeveld, Schlechter, 10206 !

11, L. lineare (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soe. x. 96); a slender low-

growing subdecumbent or erect bush; branches glabrous ; leaves

seattered, exposing the stem, on decumbent branches more or less

turned skywards, linear, subobtuse with a callous point, narrowed

towards the base, entire, flat or with recurved margins, indistinctly

veined, glabrous ; heads usually solitary, rarely 2-nate, exserted from

(rarely overtopped by) the uppermost leaves, peduncled, 14-1? in.

long excluding the styles, and about as wide, with a definite invo-

lucre of barren closely imbricate bracts ; peduncle $ to almost | in.

long, covered with spreading ovate acute pubescent or finely

tomentose bracts, 2—3 lin. long ; receptacle cylindric, about 1 in.

Jong, 1} lin. in diam.; barren and fertile bracts similar, ovate or

(the inner) elliptic to obovate, acute to (the inner) acutely acuminate,

up to 6 lin. long, 24-34 lin. broad, tomentose and _hirsute-ciliate ;

adult flower-bud 1} in. long ; perianth-tube 34-4 lin. long, rather

wide from a narrow base, glabrous below, pubescent upwards ;

adaxial and lateral claws permanently united into an upwardly

flattened-out and revolute sheath, about } in. long, like the apically

adherent or free abaxial claw softly hirsute all over ; limbs ovate-

oblong, acute, 1} lin. long, hirsute, at length inflexed on the revolute

top of the claw ; anthers subsessile, ovate-oblong, } lin. long ; hypo-

gynous scales linear, subacute, 1 lin. long ; ovary oblong, under 1|

lin. long, minutely greyish-pubescent, surrounded by whitish hairs,

I lin. long; style 1} in. long, slender and acutely quadrangular

upwards, glabrous ; stigma shortly conical from a broad base, some-

what oblique, subobtuse, up to 1 lin. long. Roem. & Schult. Syst.

Veg. iii. 556 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 256 (incl. vars.). L. lineare,

var. calocephalum, Gandog. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, x\viii. p. xciv.

Protea linearis, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 33, t. 4, Jig. 2, and in Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 131 ; Lam. Ill. i. 237; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 521, Leucadendrum

fallax, Knight, Prot.52. L. lineare, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 579.

Loucospermum. | PROTEACES (Phillips & Stapf). 623

Soutu Arrica: without locality, Oldenburg! Masson! Brown! Ludwig !

Coast Recion : Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drége ! Bayers Kloof, Schlechter,

9202! Paarl Div. ; plains near Paarl, Niven, 48! Paarl Mountains, Zhunberg!

Drége! Zeyher! MacOwan, 2839! and in Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 777! Alex-

ander! French Hoek Pass, Bolus, 5234 !

In Schlechter’s 9202, Drége and Brown’s specimens the leaves are revolute ; in

Masson’s specimen they are 3-4 lin. broad.

' 12. L. premorsum (Buek ex Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 257) ;

branches minutely whitish-woolly-tomentose and loosely hirsute ;

leaves very much crowded up to the flower-heads and overtopping

them, concealing the stem, cuneate to oblanceolate-cuneate, usually

truncate and very bluntly 5—7-toothed at the upper end, 2-34 in.

long, 7-10 (the uppermost 5-6) lin. broad, very indistinctly veined,

young minutely but densely tomentose, at length glabrous ; heads

solitary, subsessile among the top leaves, 1} in. long excluding the

styles and as much in diam., with a scanty involucre of barren bracts ;

peduncle very short with a few imbricate bracts, stout, subulate

from a widened base, densely and minutely tomentose and long-

hairy, up to } in. long; receptacle very low to flat (?); barren and

fertile bracts similar, broadly or (the inner) narrowly obovate-

cuneate, suddenly contracted into a tail- or awn-like acumen and

including it up to 7 lin. long, body very densely hirsute-tomentose,

acumen hirsute; adult flower-bud 1} in. long; perianth-tube

gradually tapering downwards, 4-5 lin. long, finely tomentose,

excepting at the glabrous base; adaxial and lateral claws perma-

nently united into a slender concave sheath almost up to the top,

there free for a short distance and recurved or revolute or twisted,

.finely tomentose and hirsute, about 8 lin. long; abaxial claw

adherent to the sheath for about 2 lin, from the middle upwards,

finely tomentose and hirsute like the sheath ; limbs more or less

deflexed or recurved on the claw, lanceolate, acute, 2} lin. long,

finely tomentose and hirsute ; anthers sessile, linear, oblong, apicu-

late, 14 lin. long; hypogynous scales subulate, 15 lin. long ; ovary

oblanceolate in outline, constricted at the junction with the style,

2 lin. long, finely pubescent ; style up to almost 2 in. long, slender

upwards and acutely tetragonous, glabrous ; stigma cylindric, sub-

obtuse, suboblique, slightly grooved, 1} lin. long. LL. attenuatum,

var. preemorsum, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 257.

Coast Region: Clanwillian Div. ; Honig Valley and Koude Berg, Drége!

13. L. grandiflorum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 100) ; a stout

shrub; branches greyish-tomentose and hirsute ; leaves very much

crowded up to the heads, concealing the stem, broad elliptic-oblong

to lanceolate, rounded, rarely truncate, entire or 3-toothed at the

apex, somewhat narrowed at the base, 14—3 in. long, 7—4 lin. broad,

distinctly veined with the midrib prominent beneath, minutely

but densely greyish-tomentose, at length more or less glabrous ;

heads sessile among the top leaves, yellow, excepting the red stigmas,

624 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). [Lewcospermum.

1}—2} in. long, and almost as wide, with a definite involucre of

imbricate barren bracts ; receptacle cylindric, 3—1 in. long, 2-3 lin.

wide ; barren and floral bracts similar, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, more

or less, sometimes long, acuminate, up to ? in. long, finely tomentose

to subglabrous, or (the inner) very densely hirsute-tomentose on the

back, usually with long straight hairs besides, margins long hirsute-

ciliate ; adult flower-bud 1}—2 in. long; perianth-tube 43-5 lin.

long, contracted into a narrow base, finely pubescent above, glabrous

beneath ; adaxial and lateral claws permanently united into a con-

cave or flattened-out flexuous or twisted sheath, recurved or revolute

at the top, softly and loosely villous, over 1 in. long, abaxial claw

adhering to the top of the sheath, very slender, villous like the

sheath ; limbs lanceolate, acute, 34 lin. long, long conniving and

deflexed, at length spreading out like the prongs of a fork and

inflexed on the revolute end of the claws, villous or softly hirsute ;

anthers sessile, linear-lanceolate, long-apiculate, 3 lin. long ; hypo-

gynous scales subulate, acute, over 1 lin. long ; ovary oblong,

minutely whitish-pubescent, 1 lin. long ; style 2 to over 2} in. long,

robust, more or less quadrangular above, glabrous; stigma sub-

cylindric, slightly oblique at the base, obtuse, finely grooved, 24-34

lin. long. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 254; Sim, For. Fl. Cape, 297,

t. 129, fig.1. DL. Gueinzii, Meisn. l.c. 100. Protea conocarpa, Thunb.

Diss. Prot. 22, partly, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 126, partly. P.

villosa, Poir, Eneycl. Suppl. iv. 566. P. villosiuscula, Herb. Banks

ex R. Br. lc. P. erosa, Lichtenst. ex Meisn. l.c. Leucadendrum grandi-

forum, Salish. Parad. t. 116 ; Knight, Prot. 54. LL. Gueinzii, O.

Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 579,

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Oldenburg! Thunberg (a of Herbarium left-

hand sp.)! Mund! Alexander! Gueinzius |

Coast Reaion: Paarl Div. ; mountains near Paarl, Niven! Roxburgh! Drége!

Zeyher! Bolus, 5570! Schlechter, 9211! Wellington, Pappe! French Hoek,

Ludwig! MacOwan, 2905! Caledon Div. ; Houw Hoek, Zeyher! Riversdale Div. ;

Garcias Pass, Galpin, 4458 ! George Div.; Devils Kop, Bowie! Paschalsdorp,

Zeyher! Knysna Div. ; near Knysna, Pappe !

14. L. reflexum (Buek ex Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 254) ;

branches minutely greyish-woolly-tomentose ; leaves rather crowded

at the base of the long flowering branches, more distant and exposing

the stem above, oblong or oblanceolate-oblong, obtuse, 3- (rarely 2-)

toothed or entire, #-14 in. long, 24-4) lin. wide, minutely but

densely greyish-tomentose, obscurely veined ; heads solitary or if

paired only one fully developed at a time, peduncled, far exserted

from the uppermost leaves, 1f-24 in. long and about as wide,

without a definite involucre of barren bracts ; peduncle 1-2 in.

long, stout, densely greyish-villous with ovate acuminate greyish-

villous or tomentose bracts; receptacle oblong-cylindric, up to

1 in. long, 2 lin. wide ; floral bracts ovate, or (the inner) obovate-

cuneate, gradually and long or (the inner) abruptly acuminate, up

to 5 lin. long, tomentose above, densely villous towards the base

Leucospermum.|] PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). 625

or the inner very densely hirsute-tomentose up to the acumen ;

adult flower-bud up to almost 2 in. long; flowers reflexed ; perianth-

tube curved, gibbous, 4—5 lin. long, finely villous above, glabrous

at the contracted base, adaxial and lateral claws permanently united

into a flattened-out sheath revolute in the upper part, softly and

spreadingly villous, over 1 in. long; abaxial claw very slender,

long adhering by the upper end to the sheath, softly and spreadingly

villous ; limbs lanceolate-oblong, acute, up to 3 lin. long, usually

inflexed on the revolute end of the claw-sheath ; anthers sessile,

linear-lanceolate, long-apiculate, over 2 lin. long; hypogynous

scales subulate, 1 lin. long; ovary oblong, 1 lin. long, finely

greyish-pubescent ; style up to more than 3 in. long, deflexed or

curved upwards, slightly tapering and quadrangular upwards ;

stigma subulate, not wider than the style and set off from it by a

minute bend, 3 lin. long. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 254. Leuca-

dendron reflecum, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 579.

Coast Reaton: Clanwilliam Div. ; Honig Valley, Koudeberg and Wupperthal,

Drége, 2415! Pakhuis Pass, Bolus, 9079! MacOwan in Herb. Austr. -Afr. 1946 !

Koude Berg, Schlechter, 8755! Cederberg Range, Mader !

15. L. hypophyllum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 102); a

small procumbent shrub; branches 1-2 ft. long, trailing on the

ground, very rarely erect and then short, finely crisped-pubescent

to tomentose with few or many long spreading hairs or almost

glabrous ; leaves loosely scattered, those of procumbent branches

all turning skywards, very variable, linear-cuneate to lanceolate,

obtuse, truncate or rarely subacute, entire or 3- (rarely 4~7-)toothed

at the apex, flat or with recurved margins, 2-4} in. long, 1-6 lin,

broad, obscurely veined or veinless, when quite young usually finely

pubescent to tomentose or almost villous, mostly very soon quite

glabrous, rarely permanently tomentose ; heads solitary or 2-3-

nate, peduncled, with a definite involucre of numerous densely

imbricate barren bracts, } to over 1 in. long excluding the styles,

up to 1} in. in diam.; peduncles of decumbent branches bent

skywards, } to over | in. long, very stout upwards, tomentose,

bearing scattered ovate obtuse to subacute finely tomentose bracts ;

receptacle conical, 4-6 in. long, at the base 3-4 lin. broad ; involu-

cral bracts broad-ovate, shortly and abruptly acuminate or acute,

finely tomentose or glabrous upwards, the larger 3-4 lin. long ;

_ floral bracts broad-obovate, very shortly acute or acuminate,

3-5 lin. long, densely tomentose excepting at the glabrescent tips

or all over ; adult tlower-bud 3 to over 3 in. long, perianth-tube

3-5 lin. long, cylindric, glabrous below, pubescent above ; adaxial

and lateral claws permanently united into a sheath more or less

flattened out and revolute in the upper part, 2-4 lin. long, finely

tomentose ; abaxial claw soon free, often twisted; limbs oblong,

acute, 1j-1} lin. long, tomentose ; anthers sessile, ovate-oblong,

1 lin. long ; hypogynous scales subulate, under 4 lin. long ; ovary

oblong, 1 lin. long, very finely pubescent; style up to about

VOL. V.— SECT, I. 28

626 PROTEACES (Phillips & Stapf). [Zeuwcospermum.

10 lin. long, straight, thickened and terete below, quadrangular

upwards, gradually passing into the clavate obtuse stigma, which

is 1-2 lin. long; fruit globose-ellipsoid, up to 3 lin. long, whitish,

almost glabrous. Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. iii. 361; Meisn. in

DG. Prodr. xiv. 257, incl. vars. vulgare, canaliculatum and. steno-

phylum, L. canaliculatum, Buek in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente,

199. L. diffusum, Sieber ea Meisn. l.c. Leucadendron Hypophyllo-

carpodendron, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 93; Berg. in Vet. Acad. Handl.

Stockh. 1766, 321; Deser. Pl. Cap. 16. Protea Hypophyllocarpo-

dendron, Linn. Mant. alt. 191. P. hypophylla, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 23,

and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 126; Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. xiv. 137 ; Lam.

Ill. i. 239; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 513 ; Poir. Eneycl. v. 655. P. hypo-

phylla, vars. angustifolia and latifolia, Klotzsch in Flora, 1845,

76. P. heterophylla, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 24, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult.

127, partly from his specimens. Leucadendrum hypophyllum, Knight,

Prot. 56.—Thymelza capitata rapunculoides, ete., Pluk. Mant. t. 440,

fig. 3. Conocarpodendron folio rigido angusto, etc., Boerh. Ind. Pl.

Hort. Lugd.-Bat. ii. 198, t. 198. Scolymocephalus seu Conocarpo-

dendron folio angusto, etc., Weinm. Phyt. iv. 294, t. 902, fig. a.

Sour Arrica: without locality, Bergius! Oldenburg! Thunberg (sheets a

and + of his Herbarium)! Masson! Sparrman! Niven! Brown ! Ludwig | Ecklon !

Zeyher, 1464! Wahlberg! Sieber, 3!

Coast Recion: Malmesbury Div. ; Mamre (Groene Kloof), Bolus, 4323 ! Paarl

Div. ; by the Berg River, near Paarl, Drége! Cape Div. ; mountains and flats in

the vicinity of Cape Town, Burchell, 215! 710! 8561! Bowie! Brown! Ecklon,

472! Wallich! Zeyher, 1465! Thom! Hooker, 403! Drége! Milne, 34! Bolus,

2908! MacOwan, 2504! and in Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 775! Schlechter, 59!

Wolley-Dod, 618! Galpin, 4467! Diimmer, 4491! near Simons Town, Wright!

MacGillivray, 637! near Cape Point, Phillips, 521! Stellenbosch Div. ; between

Jonkers Hoek and Lowrys Pass, Burchell, 8302! Caledon Div. ; near Caledon,

Templeman in MacOwan, Herb, Austr.-Afr. 1642 ! Bredasdorp Div. ; near Elim,

Bolus, 8584! Schlechter, 9684 !

16. L. tomentosum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 101, excl.

vars. 8 and y); anerect or procumbent shrub, 4—5 ft. high ; branches

finely crisped-pubescent to tomentose with or without long spreading

hairs ; leaves scattered, those of procumbent branches all turning

skywards, linear, obtuse, entire or callously 3-toothed at the apex,

fla ior with recurved margins, 1}-2} in. long, 1-24 lin. broad,

veinless, when quite young usually very finely tomentose, at length

glabrescent or quite glabrous; heads usually 2-3 at the end of

the branches or solitary, very shortly peduncled, with a definite

involucre of numerous densely imbricate barren bracts, about

3 in. long excluding the styles, up to 1 in. in diam. ; peduncles

rarely over 3 lin. long, obconical, very stout upwards, densely

covered with ovate or ovate-lanceolate obtusely subacuminate

shortly tomentose and upwards ciliate bracts, increasing upwards

in size and passing into the involucre; receptacle convex, up to

2 lin. high and 4—5 lin. wide at the base ; involucral bracts like

the upper bracts of the peduncle, but more acuminate, up to 3 lin.

long; floral bracts oblanceolate to obovate-cuneate, shortly and

Leucospermum.| PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). 627

abruptly acuminate or apiculate, 3. lin. long, densely tomentose

excepting at the glabrescent tips; adult flower-bud about 8 lin.

long ; perianth-tube 24-3 lin. long, slender, cylindric, glabrous ;

adaxial and lateral claws united into a sheath more or less flattened

out and revolute in the upper part, about 34 lin, long, or separating

from below upwards, sheath glabrous excepting on the finely

pubescent margins, abaxial claw soon free, pubescent all over ;

limbs lanceolate or lanceolate-oblong, acute, 1} lin. long, sparingly

and shortly pubescent to hirsute, soon glabrescent ; anthers sessile,

linear-oblong, 1 lin. long; hypogynous scales subulate, hyaline,

+ lin. long; ovary oblong, over 4 lin. long, whitish-pubescent,

gradually passing into the style, surrounded by whitish hairs

2-2) lin. long; style about 8 lin. long, filiform, quadrangular

upwards, gradually passing into the subclavate-oblong grooved

obtuse stigma which is 2—3 lin. long. Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg.

ili. 360, partly ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 258, excl. vars. B and 8.

Protea tomentosa, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 24, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 127,

partly from his specimens; Linn. f. Suppl. 118; Lam. Ill. i. 239 ;

Willd, Sp. Pl. i. 514; Poir. Encyel. v. 656. L. Ecklonii, Buek ex

Meisn. lc. Leucadendrum tomentosum, Knight, Prot. 57 ; O. Kuntze,

Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 579,

Sour Arrica : without locality, Thunberg (sheet B of his herbarium)! Niven !

Coast ReGion: Malmesbury Div. ; around Mamre and between Mamre and

Saldanha Bay, Drége!

This, in the Herbarium of the British Museum, is written up in R. Brown's

handwriting as L. tomentosum a.

17. L. Muirii (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 332); a bush,

6 ft. high; branches minutely greyish woolly-tomentose, at length

glabrescent ; leaves loosely scattered, oblanceolate to cuneate-

linear, obtuse, bluntly 3-7-toothed at the apex, 1}—2 in. long,

2-44 lin. broad, glabrous excepting at the crisped-tomentose base ;

heads 2-nate, shortly peduncled, up to } in. long excluding the

styles, } to almost 1 in. in diam., without a definite involucre of

barren bracts ; peduncle up to 4 lin. long, tomentose, bearing stout

spreading tomentose bracts up to 2 lin. long and semicylindric

from a broader base ; receptacle convex, 2. lin. high, 3-3} lin. wide

at the base ; floral bracts ovate to obovate, abruptly acuminate,

24 lin. long, densely tomentose to the base of the acumen ; adult

flower-bud about 6-7 lin. long; perianth-tube 1-1} lin. long,

glabrous ; adaxial and lateral claws slender, flexuous, at length

more or less free below, but united at the upper usually recurved

end or the tips free or more frequently the four claws united in

2 pairs, those of each pair holding together near the upper end

only, 3-34 lin. long, finely pubescent; limbs lanceolate-oblong,

acute, 1}-l1} lin. long, hirsute ; anthers sessile, ovate-lanceolate,

1 lin. long; hypogynous scales lanceolate-linear, 7 lin. long,

hyaline ; ovary oblong, } lin. long, whitish-pubescent ; style 8 lin.

long, filiform, very slightly stouter. below, quadrangular above,

282

628 PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). [Lewcospermum.

: glabrous ; stigma clavate-cylindric, obtuse, grooved, { lin. long,

set off from the style by an oblique slight thickening.

Coast Rearon : Riversdale Div. ; Milkwoodfontein, Galpin, 4457 ! Zandhoogte,

Muir in Herb, Galpin, 5309 ! :

18. L. candicans (Loud. Hort. Brit. ed. i. 38); an erect shrub,

4—5 ft. high; branches minutely, but densely, greyish-woolly-

tomentose with or without long spreading hairs ; leaves moderately

crowded up to the flower-heads, spreading or~ obliquely erect,

oblong to oblong-lanceolate, entire or 2—5-toothed at the apex,

somewhat narrowed at the base, 11-2} in. long, 3-6 lin. broad,

veinless or obscurely veined, greyish- or whitish-tomentose ; heads

solitary or in clusters of 2-4 at the end of the branches, very

shortly peduncled among the top-leaves, about $ to almost 1 in.

long excluding the styles, 1 in. or more in diam., with a definite

involucre of barren bracts ; peduncle turbinate, up to 4 lin. long

and wide (at the upper end), densely covered with ovate acuminate

densely tomentose upward-increasing -bracts; receptacle flat, over

4 lin. across; involucral bracts like the upper bracts of the

peduncle, up to 4 lin. long; floral bracts ovate to lanceolate,

clawed downwards, acuminate, densely tomentose excepting on

the acumen, up to 6 lin. long; adult flower-bud 7-9 lin. long ;

perianth-tube 2-3 lin. long, slender, glabrous ; abaxial and lateral

claws united into a sheath flattened out and recurved or revolute

in the upper part, with the tips at length free, 4—5 lin. long,

glabrous apart from the pubescent margins; abaxial claw soon

free, pubescent all over; limbs oblong, acute, 1-14 lin. long,

finely tomentose, deflexed or recurved on the claws; anthers

sessile, linear-oblong, 3 lin. long, apiculate; hypogynous scales

subulate, hyaline, 2 lin. long; ovary oblong, whitish-pubescent,

contracted into a short glabrous beak, 14 lin. long; style straight

or almost so, 6-8 lin. long, filiform, tapering from a somewhat

stouter base, quadrangular upwards, glabrous; stigma oblong-

cylindric, obtuse, grooved; fruit ellipsoid, 4 lin. long, almost

glabrous, shining. L. tomentosum, var. candicans, Meisn. in DC.

Prodr, xiv. 258. L. tomentosum, var. 8, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soe.

x. 102. L. spathulatum, var. dentatum, Meisn. l.c. Protea tomentosa,

Thunb. Diss. Prot. 24, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 127, partly from his

specimens. P. candicans, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 294. Leucadendrum

rodolentum, Knight, Prot. 58.

Sovrn Arrica : without locality, Niven! Brown! Auge! Thunberg (sheet a of

his Herbarium) !

Coast Recion : Clanwilliam Diy. ; Olifants River, Drége ! Bolus, 5786! Zeekoe

Vley, Schlechter, 8579! Piquetberg Div.; Pikeniers Kloof, Zeyher, 1466!

Malmesbury Div. ; Zwartland, Zeyher! Hopefield, Bolus, 12816! Schlechter, 5813 !

Worcester Div. ; Brand Vley, Schlechter, 9921! Caledon Div. ; near Caledon,

Templeman in MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1643 !

19. L. parile (Phillips) ; an erect shrub, 4—5 ft. high ; branches

densely greyish-woolly-tomentose, usually with long spreading

Leucospermum,| PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). 629

hairs; leaves rather crowded up to the flower-heads, but not

concealing the stem, linear or oblong-linear, obtuse, entire or

minutely 3-toothed at the apex (teeth with a blunt callous point),

slightly narrowed at the base, 13-24 in. long, 14-3 lin. broad,

minutely and densely greyish-tomentose; heads subsessile, in

clusters of 2-4 at the ends of the branches, about } in. long

excluding the styles, and }—1 in. in diam., with a definite involucre

of closely imbricate reddish-brown barren bracts; peduncle very

short, obconical, densely covered with barren bracts passing into

those of the involucre; receptacle flat ; barren bracts of peduncle

and involucre very numerous, increasing upwards, ovate to ovate-

lanceolate, acuminate, finely pubescent below, glabrous above,

ciliate, the uppermost up to } in. long; floral bracts unguiculate-

lanceolate or oblanceolate, gradually and often long-acuminate,

about 5 lin. long, 14-2} lin. broad, densely hirsute-tomentose on

the back of the claw, glabrous and ciliate above ; adult flower-bud

about 7 lin. long ; perianth-tube up to 2 lin. long, slender, glabrous ;

adaxial and lateral claws permanently united into a very narrow

sheath flattened out and reflexed in the upper part, minutely

ciliate, otherwise glabrous ; abaxial claw minutely pubescent, soon

free; limbs oblong-lanceolate, acute, 14 lin. long, glabrous or

sparingly hairy ; hypogynous scales linear-subulate, hyaline, 1 lin.

long; ovary linear-oblong, shortly villous, contracted above into

a filiform glabrous beak, over 1} lin. long, surrounded by whitish

hairs up to 2 lin. long; style about 7 lin. long, tapering from a

thickened base, slender and quadrangular upwards ; stigma cylin-

dric, obtuse, grooved, 3 lin. long, distinct from the style. L.

tomentosum, var. y, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 102; Roem. &

Schult. Syst. Veg. iii. 360, var. y only ; var. Dregei, Meisn. in DC.

Prodr. xiv. 258. Leucadendrum parile, Knight, Prot. 57.

Coast Recon: Malmesbury Div, ; vicinity of Mamre and between there and

Saldanha Bay, Drége! Bolus, 4324! Zeyher, 1467! Paarde Berg, Niven!

20. L. crinitum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 103, descr. and

syn.); a bush 3-4 ft. high; branches more or less spreading,

minutely woolly-tomentose and hirsute ; leaves usually very much

crowded, particularly upwards and concealing the stem, more or

less oblong, obtuse with a callous point, entire or rarely bluntly

3-toothed, obtuse at the base, 1-2 in. long, 3-9 lin. broad,

distinctly veined, very minutely rugulose, villous or tomentose

when young, then glabrescent to glabrous ; heads subsessile among

the crowded top leaves, terminal or overtopped by young branches

and thus apparently lateral, solitary or in clusters of 2-3, 1-1} in.

long, 1-2 in. in diam., with a definite involucre of imbricate barren

bracts exceeding the perianths ; peduncle up to 2} lin. long, stout,

densely bracteate ; receptacle slightly convex, 4-6 lin. in diam. ;

barren bracts. of peduncle and involucre gradually increasing

upwards, the innermost much produced, lanceolate to narrow-

lanceolate, acute to (the inner) long- and subulate-acuminate and

630 PROTEACES (Phillips & Stapf). [Lewcospermum.

up to more than 1 in. long, finely tomentose or pubescent to glab-

rescent, ciliate and the long acumina of the inner bracts more

or less penicillate; floral bracts narrowly lanceolate, very long-

acuminate, 6-7 lin. long, densely and long-tomentose up to 2-3 lin.,

then finely pubescent, ciliate and subpenicillate ; adult flower-bud

about }$ in. long; perianth-tube 2-3 lin. long, slightly widened at

the upper end, glabrous ; adaxial and lateral claws united into a

slender straight sheath, 3-4 lin. long, flattened out and recurved

at the upper end, at length sometimes splitting downwards, like

the free abaxial claw loosely villous; limbs deflexed, lanceolate,

acute, | lin. long, hirsute ; hypogynous scales linear, ? lin. long ;

ovary oblong, whitish-pubescent, } lin. long, surrounded by white

hairs } lin. long ; style straight or nearly so, finely filiform from a

stouter base, capillary upwards, 10-12 lin. long, glabrous ; stigma

cylindric, very slender, slightly thickened at the base, 3 lin. long ;

fruit ellipsoid, 34 lin. long, sparingly and minutely puberulous.

Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. iii. 361 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 260,

excl. vars. B and y. L. olezfolium, R. Br. lc. 104 (var. prima). L.

olexfolium, var. Brownii, Meisn. l.c. 261. L. penicillatum, Buek in

Drege, Zwei Pf. Documente, 24,199. L. penicillatum, B, trichanthum,

Gandog. Bull. Soe. Bot. France, xlviii. p.xev. Protea erinita, Thunb.

Diss, Prot, 21; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 125; Willd. Sp. Pl. i.511 ; Poir.

Eneyel. vy. 657. P. eriniflora, Linn. f. Suppl. 117. P. erosa, Willd.

ex Meisn.l.c. P. molle, Klotzsch ex Meisn. l.c., not of R. Br. Leuca-

dendron erinitum, Steud. Nomencl. ed. 2, ii, 399; O. Kuntze, Rev.

Gen. Pl. ii. 579. L. penicillatum, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 579.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Auge! Oldenburg! Thunberg |

Coast Recion: Paarl Mountains, Drége! Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots

Holland, Niven, 46! Lowrys Pass. MacOwan! Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek

Mountains, Burchell, 8098! 81831 Bowie! Zeyher, 3683! MacOwan, 2910! and

in Herb, Norm. Austr,-Afr. 910! Pillans! Schlechter, 9386 !

21. L. olesefolium (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 104, var. altera) ;

a bush 3-4 ft. high; branches villous or tomentose, rather slender ;

leaves densely crowded, particularly upwards and there concealing

the stem, linear-oblong, obtuse, rarely truncate, entire with a

callous point or bluntly 3-5-toothed at the apex, slightly narrowed

towards the base, 1-1} in. long, 2-5 lin. broad, more or less

distinctly veined, sometimes very minutely rugulose, tomentose

or villous when young, then more or less glabrescent to glabrous ;

heads subsessile among and usually exceeded by the crowded top

leaves, terminal, sometimes overtopped by young branches and

then apparently lateral, }-3 in. long excluding the styles, up to

1 in. wide, with a definite involucre of imbricate barren bracts

shorter than the perianths ; peduncle up to 3 lin. long, moderately

stout, bearing lanceolate to linear-subulate, pubescent to villous

bracts ; receptacle flat, up to 5 lin. wide; barren bracts of peduncle

and involucre gradually increasing upwards and inwards, rather

numerous, those of the involucre ovate-lanceolate to narrow-lanceo-

late, acute to acuminate, finely pubescent or villous all over, at

Leucospermum.| PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). 631

length sometimes glabrescent, ciliate, up to 5 lin. long ; floral bracts

linear-lanceolate to subulate, acutely acuminate, up to 5 lin. long,

long-tomentose all along; adult flower-bud about 8 lin. long;

perianth-tube 24-3 lin. long, very slender, glabrous ; adaxial and

lateral claws united into a slender straight sheath, 3}—5 lin. long,

flattened out’ and recurved at the upper end, like the free very

slender abaxial claw loosely hairy; limbs deflexed, narrowly

lanceolate-oblong, acute, 1 lin. long, hirsute; hypogynous scales

linear, 2 lin. long; ovary oblong, whitish-pubescent, up to 1 lin.

long, surrounded by hairs up to | lin. long ; style straight or nearly

so, finely filiform from a stouter base, capillary upwards, 12 lin.

long, glabrous ; stigma cylindric, very slender, slightly thickened

at the base, }—1 lin. long; fruit ellipsoid, 34 lin. long, sparingly

and minutely puberulous. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 261, excl.

var. B, Brownii. L. molle, R. Br. lc. 103; Meisn. Le. ( partly’).

L. cryptanthum, Buek in Drége, Zwei PA. Documente, 82, 116, 199.

L. medium (c), Drége ea Meisn. lc. 260. L. medium, f. Zeyheri,

Gandog. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xlviii. p. xev. Leucadendron olewx-

folium, Berg. in Vet. Acad. Handl. Stockh. 1766, 320, and Deser. Fl.

Cap.15. L. molle, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 579. Leucadendrum

criniflorum, Knight, Prot. 58. Protea mollis, Poir. Encyel. Suppl.-iv.

567, not 577.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Roxburgh! Ludwig! Drége! Thom, 682!

Coast REecIon: Clanwilliam Div.; Blue Berg, Drege! Worcester Div. ;

Dutoits Kloof, Drége! Bains Kloof, Schlechter, 9095! Stellenbosch Div. ;

Hottentots Holland, Niven ! Jonkers Hoek, Niven, 39 ! Caledon Div. ; mountains

near Genadendaal, Burchell, 7691! Schlechter, 9839! Galpin, 4464! Drege!

Zwart Berg, Bowie! Zeyher, 3683! 3684!

92. L. diffusum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 104, excel.’

synonyms); a procumbent bush 2} ft. high ; branches more or less

minutely woolly-tomentose and finely hirsute ; leaves loosely

scattered on decumbent branches turned skywards, linear, subacute,

entire or minutely and acutely 2-3-toothed at the apex, slightly

attenuated downwards, about 1} in. long, up to 2 lin. broad,

faintly veined, minutely crisped-pubescent to tomentose, sometimes

with some long hairs; heads solitary, terminal or by overtopping

apparently lateral, peduncled, rounded at the base, ? in. long,

1 in. in diam., with a definite involucre of imbricate barren

bracts ; peduncle up to } in. long, slender, with ovate-lanceolate

acuminate finely tomentose and ciliate recurved bracts ; receptacle

flat ; involucral bracts ovate to ovate-oblong and finely acuminate,

5 lin. long, tomentose on the back with longer hairs on the sides

and upwards ; floral bracts lanceolate to linear, acuminate, 24-5

lin. long, densely tomentose; adult flower-bud 8-9 lin. long ;

perianth-tube 3 lin. long, glabrous below, pubescent above,

slightly widened upwards ;, adaxial and lateral claws united into

a straight sheath up to 5 lin. long, flattened out and recurved in

the upper part, yellow-tomentose; limbs deflexed, lanceolate-

oblong, acute, 1 lin. long, tomentose ; anthers sessile, ovate-

632 PROTEACEE (Phillips & Stapf). [Lewcospermum.

oblong, minutely apiculate, 3 lin. long ; hypogynous scales linear,

acute, 2-1 lin. long; ovary oblong, } lin. long, whitish-pubescent,

surrounded by whitish hairs, ? lin. long ; style 10-12 lin. long,

- finely filiform, capillary upwards, glabrous ; stigma slender, cylin-

dric, obtuse, finely grooved, } lin. long. Roem. c Schult. Syst. Veg.

iii. 362 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 259, partly. L. pedunculatwm,

Klotzsch ex Krauss in Flora, 1845, 76. Leucadendron pedunculatum,

O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 579.

SourH Arnica: without locality, Masson! Roxburgh !

Coast Rraion: Bredasdorp Div. ; Zoetendals Valley, Krauss, 1069. Riversdale

Div. ; Muiskraal near Garcias Pass, Galpin, 4456 !

Leucadendron saxatile (Knight, Prot. 58) probably belongs here. It was

collected by Niven on dry rocks near Groote River in Ladismith Division.

23. L. stenanthum (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 112);

a decumbent shrub; branches slender, finely greyish woolly-

tomentose and greyish-hirsute, lower down at length glabrescent

with a reddish bark; leaves scattered, or on short branches

crowded and concealing the stem, on decumbent branches all

turned skywards, linear, somewhat attenuated downwards, obtuse

or subobtuse, entire, 3-11 in. long, 14-2} lin. broad, minutely

greyish-tomentose with or without long soft hairs, obscurely veined ;

heads solitary, sessile among the top leaves or overtopped by young

branches and apparently lateral, rounded at the base, shortly

peduncled, 8-10 lin. long excluding the styles, 7-9 lin. wide, with

a definite scanty short involucre of barren bracts ; peduncle up to

3 lin. long, slender, bearing linear tomentose spreading bracts ;

receptacle flat, about 3 lin. wide; involucral bracts ovate-lanceo-

late to lanceolate, acuminate to caudate-acuminate, finely tomentose,

ciliate upwards, up to 3 lin. long ; floral bracts oblanceolate-cuneate

to narrowly obovate-cuneate, acute or shortly and abruptly subulate-

acuminate, up to 2 lin. long, densely tomentose up to the minutely

pubescent tips ; adult flower-bud 8 to about 9 lin. long ; perianth-

tube 24 lin. long, glabrous ; adaxial and lateral claws united into

a straight slender sheath, 4 lin. long, } lin. wide, flattened out

and recurved in the upper part, at length splitting from the top,

minutely hirsute along the margins ; abaxial claw slender, free,

minutely hirsute or pubescent all over with red glands; limbs

deflexed, oblong-lanceolate, 3 lin. long, subacute, minutely hirsute ;

anthers sessile, oblong-lanceolate, } lin. long; hypogynous scales

linear, somewhat fleshy and clavate upwards, | lin. long ; ovary

lanceolate in outline, 1 lin. long, minutely pubescent, gradually

passing into the filiform style which is capillary above and | in.

long ; stigma slender, cylindric, 1} lin. long.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Masson !

Coast Recion: Caledon Div. ; Bot River, 2000 ft., Schlechter, 9446! Shaws

Mountain, near Caledon, Bodkin in Herb. Bolus !

24. L. Mundii (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 261); a bush 3 ft.

high ; branches densely minutely greyish crisped-tomentose, some-

times with fine spreading hairs ; leaves densely crowded, usually up

Lewcospermum.| PROTEACE (Phillips & Stapf). . a

to the flower-heads, concealing the stem, cuneate-obovate, obtuse or

subobtuse, 2—12-toothed towards the apex, 14-2} in. long, 10-15 lin.

broad, densely greyish crisped-tomentose, sometimes at length almost

glabrous ; heads in clusters of 2-3, shortly peduncled among the

top leaves, sometimes overtopped by young branches and then

apparently lateral, rounded at the base, about 3 in. long and wide,

with a very short involucre of small ovate to ovate-oblong, closely

imbricate, tomentose barren bracts recurved at the tips ; peduncles

up to 4 lin. long, slender, with scattered small ovate subacute

tomentose bracts ; receptacle flat ; floral bracts obovate to spathu-

late, abruptly cuspidate or acuminate, 2—3 lin. long, densely hirsute-

tomentose up to the minutely hirsute or pubescent tips ; adult flower-

bud 8-9 lin. long; perianth-tube purplish and widened upwards

from a yery slender base, up to 4 lin. long, glabrous below,

pubescent upwards ; adaxial and lateral claws at first united into

a straight sheath, 3-34 lin. long, red and recurved above, finely

whitish-pubescent, soon splitting downwards to the middle or base ;

abaxial claw always free, pubescent ; limbs deflexed, lanceolate-

oblong, subacute, 1 lin. long, minutely hirsute; anthers sessile,

oblong, apiculate, 3 lin. long; hypogynous scales linear, obtuse,

4—} lin. long ; ovary oblong, lin. long, finely pubescent, surrounded

by white hairs 1} lin. long; style 12-13 lin. long, filiform from a

slightly stouter base, capillary upwards, glabrous ; stigma slender,

cylindric, obtuse, grooved, } lin. long. L. purpureum, Mund ex

Meisn. lc. L. crinitum, Klotzsch ex Meisn. l.c., not of R. Br. Leuca-

dendron Mundii, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 579.

Coast Recton: Swellendam Div. ; Tradouw Mountains, Mund! Riversdale

Div. ; Garcias Pass, Galpin, 4478! Bolus, 11366! Phillips, 517!

95. L. buxifolium (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 100) ; a shrub

2-5 ft. high ; branches greyish crisped-tomentose to villous ; leaves

densely imbricate up to the flower-heads, concealing the stem,

obovate or broad-elliptic to oblong-elliptic, very obtuse to sub-

obtuse, with callous tips, slightly narrowed at the base, 3}—10 lin.

long, 14-4 lin. broad, greyish-tomentose ; heads sessile among the

leaves, usually in clusters of 2—6, sometimes solitary, terminal or

owing to overtopping by branches apparently lateral, turbinate at

the base, up to 4 in. long and wide, rarely larger, sometimes 2 or

3 heads almost fused into one, with a definite involucre of imbricate

barren bracts ; receptacle almost flat, about 2 lin. wide ; involucral

bracts numerous, ovate, shortly acuminate or acute or obtuse,

2-21 lin. long, sparingly hairy on the back, long-ciliate, with a

terminal tuft of whitish hairs; floral bracts lanceolate, gradually

and finely acuminate, about 3 lin. long, densely tomentose ; adult

flower-bud 5-6 lin. long ; perianth-tube 2 lin. long, much attenuated

downwards, glabrous below, finely pubescent above ; abaxial and

lateral claws more or less united at first, at length usually more

or less free and like the abaxial straight with recurved tips,

2-24 lin, long, villous ; limbs deflexed, oblong, acute, 1—} lin. long,

634 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). [ Lencospermum.

hirsute ; anthers sessile, oblong, 3 lin. long ; subhypogynous scales

linear, ? lin. long; ovary oblong, finely pubescent, } lin. long ;

style 5} lin. long, finely filiform, glabrous, 5—6 lin. long ; stigma

ovoid, $ lin. long. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 259. L. buaifolium,

f. epacridea, Gandog. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, x\viii. p.xciv. Protea

pubera, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 43; and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult, 140. P.

buaifolia, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 566. P. villosa, Willd. in Spreng.

Syst. Veg. i. 464. Leucadendrum puberum, Knight, Prot. 61. L. trun-

catulum, Knight, l.c. Leueadendron buxifolium, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen.

Pl. ii, 579. ‘

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Oldenburg! Ludwig! Brown! Thom, 711! 940!

Coast Reeion ; Clanwilliam Div. ; Alexanders Hoek, Schlechter, 5128! Stellen-

bosch Div.; Hottentots Holland, Zhunberg! Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek and

Little Houw Hoek Mountains, Niven, 200! Burchell, 8042! Bowie! Zeyher!

Schlechter, 5495! Pillans! Bot River, Burchell, 928! Hermanus, Galpin, 4466 !

Klein River Mountains, Niven ! Zeyher, 3685! near Caledon, Templeman, Harte-

beest River, Zeyher! Zwart Berg, MacOwan ! Bredasdorp Div. ; near Elim, Bolus,

7857 | 8588! Koude River, Schlechter, 9603 !

26. L. puberum (R. Br. Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 100); a shrub

13-5 ft. high ; branches virgate, divaricate, decumbent or ascend-

ing, often }-1 ft. long, minutely crisped-tomentose, usually with

soft straight or flexuous hairs ; leaves usually crowded to densely

imbricate and concealing the stem, sometimes scattered, oblong,

oblanceolate or oblong-linear, acute to obtuse with a callous point,

mostly entire, sometimes minutely 3-toothed at the apex, obtuse

or narrowed at the base, 3-14 in. long, 2-4 lin. broad, more or

less distinctly veined, greyish, minutely crisped-tomentose with or

without longer spreading hairs, often villous when young ; heads

solitary or in clusters of 2-4, terminal or overtopped by young

branches and then apparently lateral, 7—8 lin. long excluding the style,

}-1 in. wide, peduncled, with a definite involucre of imbricate barren

bracts, rounded at the base; peduncles slender, from very short

up to more than } in. long, shortly tomentose, bearing ovate-

lanceolate to lanceolate tomentose bracts ; receptacle convex, low,

small; involucral bracts lanceolate, long-acuminate, up to 4 lin.

long, villous; floral bracts obovate-cuneate, suddenly and long

acuminate, 24-4 lin. long, I-1$ lin. broad, densely tomentose

excepting on the pubescent acumen ; adult flower-bud 6-8 in. long ;

perianth-tube 24-3} lin. long, subcylindrie, pubescent from the

middle upwards ; adaxial and lateral claws about 3 lin. long, united

into a straight villous to hirsute sheath with free recurved or

revolute tips red inside, soon more or less splitting to the base ;

abaxial claw very slender, free villous ; limbs deflexed, ovate-oblong,

acute, 3—? lin. long, hirsute ; hypogynous scales linear, % lin. long ;

ovary oblong, } lin. long, minutely pubescent ; style 8-10} lin.

long, finely filiform, tapering upwards, glabrous, straight or

flexuous ; stigma conic-ovoid, subobtuse, 1-1 lin. long ; fruit

ellipsoid, obtuse, almost glabrous, 34 lin. long. Roem. & Schult.

Syst. Veg. iii. 359; Meisn. in DO. Prodr. xiv. 258 incl. vars. a,

Band 6, but excl. var. y. L. Bolusii, Gandog. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France,

Leucospermum.| PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). 635

xlviii. p. xcv. L.lemmerzianum, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 111.

Protea pubera, Linn. Mant. alt. 192; Thunb. Diss. Prot. 43, and

Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 140; Lam, Ill. i. 234; Willd. Sp, Pl. i. 533,

partly; Poir. Encycl. v. 642. P. heterophylla, Thunb, Diss. Prot.

24, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 127, partly from his specimens ; Murr.

Syst. Veg. ed. xiv. 138. Leucadendrum calligerum, Knight, Prot. 60.

Leucadendron: pubigerum, Linn, ex Meisn. 1.c. 259. L. puberum,

O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 579.

Var. B, patulum (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 259); a.small shrub with mostly

short and slender, often crowded branches; leaves at length usually almost

glabrous, 14-23 (rarely to 3) lin. broad ; heads rather smaller than in the type,

about 6 (rarely to 7) lin. long excluding the styles. LZ. patulum, R. Br. in Trans.

Linn. Soc, x. 100; Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. iii. 360. Protea heterophylla,

Thunb. Diss. Prot. 24, and Fl. Cap. ed, Schult. 127, partly from his specimens ;

Willd. Sp, Pl, i. 515. Leucadendron heterophyllum, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii, 579.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Nelson ! Thunberg! Masson! Thom, 657 ! 691!

Var. B: Nelson! Masson !

Coast Reoton: Clanwilliam Div. ; between Pakhuis and Bidouw, Drége! Blue

Berg, Schlechter, 8463! Alexanders Hoek, Schlechter, 5128! Piquetberg Div. ;

Twenty-four Rivers, Niven, 41! Tulbagh Div. ; Witzenberg Range, Burchell,

8726! New Kloof, near Tulbagh, Ludwig! Zeyher, 1463! Pappe! Bolus, 5233 !

MacOwan, 2601! and Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 779! 1945! Worcester Div. ;

Brand Vley, Niven! Paarl Div. ; Elands Kloof, Ludwig! Stellenbosch Div. ;

Gordons Bay, Bolus, 8077! Caledon Div. ; various localities, Burchell, 7822!

7939! Bowie! Ludwig! Pappe ! Schlechter, 5558 ! Riversdale Div. ; Garcias Pass,

Galpin, 4463! Phillips, 516! Muir! Var. 8: Bredasdorp Div. ; hills near Elim,

Schlechter, 9663! Bolus, 7873! 8585!

Centra ReEGIoNn: Calvinia Div, ; Uien Valley, Bokkeveld Mountains, Drége !

27. L. royenifolium (Stapf); a small shrub with procumbent

branches and numerous ascending branchlets; branchlets mostly

rather slender, minutely greyish crisped-pubescent or tomentose and

more or less hirsute; leaves rather crowded, obliquely spreading,

not concealing the stem, linear- to narrowly elliptic-oblong or

oblanceolate, acute with a callous point, rarely minutely 2—3-toothed

at the apex, slightly narrowed towards the base, 5-10 lin. long,

2-3 lin. broad, faintly but distinctly veined, sparingly crisped-

pubescent and adpressedly hirsute when young, soon glabrescent

and usually at length quite glabrous ; heads solitary or in clusters

of 2-4, terminal or overtopped by young branches and then

apparently lateral, subsessile, turbinate, rather lax when fully out,

5-6 lin. long, 6-8 lin. broad, with a definite involucre of imbricate

barren bracts; peduncle very short, covered with ovate acute

tomentose bracts passing into those of the involucre ; receptacle

flat ; involucral bracts ovate, acuminate, up to 2 lin. long,

tomentosé ; floral bracts obovate, abruptly and shortly acuminate

or cuspidate, 2-3 lin. long, densely tomentose ; adult flower-bud

about 54 lin. long; perianth-tube cylindric, 2}—3 lin. long, pubescent

upwards ; adaxial and lateral claws united into a straight villous

or shortly hirsute sheath, about 1}—2 lin. long, with free recurved

tips, soon separating downwards ; abaxial claw free, otherwise like

the others ; limbs ovate-oblong, acute, not quite 1 lin. long, hirsute ;

636 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). [ Lewcospermum.

anthers sessile, linear-oblong, } lin. long ; hypogynous scales subulate,

hyaline, } lin. long ; ovary oblong, under | lin. long, finely pubescent

below, gradually passing into the style ; style 6-7 lin. long, filiform,

tapering upwards ; stigma oblong-cylindric, obtuse, 4 lin. long ; fruit

ellipsoid, whitish, 34 lin. long, subacute, not beaked. L. puberum,

¢ var. dubium, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 259. Leucadendrum royene-

folium, Knight, Prot. 59.

Coast Reaton : George Div.; Devils Kop, Niven, 43! Uniondale Div.; on a

rocky hill near Haarlem, Burchell, 4993! between Avontuur and Klip River,

Drége! mountains near Uniondale, Bolus, 2453 !

28. L. prostratum (Stapf); an apparently trailing low shrub ;

branches slender, villous or hirsute, at length glabrescent ; leaves

loosely scattered on decumbent shoots, all turned skywards, linear,

acute or subacute, rarely obtuse, hardly narrowed at the base,

#-17 in. long, }—2 lin. broad, more or less distinctly veined in the

broader leaves, villous when young, then loosely pubescent ; heads

solitary or 2-nate, terminal, subterminal or overtopped and appar-

ently lateral, peduncled, hemispherical, very many-flowered and

compact, 5—7 lin. long, about 9 lin. across, rounded at the base,

with a definite involucre of imbricate barren bracts; peduncle

slender, 5-15 lin. long, tomentose, bearing scattered lanceolate,

often reflexed, tomentose bracts; receptacle convex, very low ;

involucral bracts lanceolate, acute or acuminate, up to 3 lin. long,

finely tomentose ; floral bracts obovate-cuneate, abruptly acuminate

or apiculate, 24-3 lin. long, densely tomentose ; adult flower-bud

6-7 lin. long; perianth-tube tapering downwards, 34 lin. long,

pubescent from the middle upwards ; claws more or less equal and

free with recurved tips, 2 lin. long, villous or tomentose ; limbs

deflexed, oblong, subacute, 1 lin. long, tomentose; anthers sessile,

oblong, apiculate, } lin. long; hypogynous scales filiform, } lin.

long ; ovary oblong, } lin. long, pubescent, surrounded by hairs,

i lin. long; style 6-7 lin. long, finely filiform, glabrous ; stigma

subclavate or cylindric, subobtuse, 4 lin. long, grooved; fruit

ellipsoid, grey, including the short whitish conical beak 34 lin.

long, loosely pubescent. L. diffuswm, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv.

259, partly, not of R. Br. Protea prostrata, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed.

Schult. 133; Roem. & Schult, Syst. Veg. iii. 355; R. Br. in Trans.

Linn, Soc. x. 221 ; Meisn,1.c. 252. P. cinerea, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i.

127 ; Poir. Encycl. v. 651. Leucadendron ? prostratum, Meisn. l.c. 221.

Sovr# Arrica; without locality, Thunberg! Thom, 933! Ludwig!

Coast Recion: Caledon Div. ; Diep Gat, Galpin, 4465! Zwart Berg, near

Caledon, Bowie! Templeman in MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1641! Bot River,

Schlechter, 9446, partly! Houw Hoek, Schlechter, 5513! Bowie! mountains near

Hemel and Aarde, Zeyher, 3686 ! Bredasdorp Div. ; mountains near Elim, Bolus,

7872! 85871! Schlechter, 7640!

29. L. cartilagineum (Phillips) ; a small shrub, up to more than

1 ft. high; branches very minutely crisped-pubescent, at length

glabrescent, with a bright reddish bark ; leaves scattered, spathu-

Leucospermum.| PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). 637

late-obovate, rounded at the apex, attenuated into a linear base,

10-15 lin. long, 3-5 lin. broad, thickly coriaceous, pallid, veinless

or with faint impressed veins, glabrous ; heads terminal, sessile or

subsessile among the top leaves, solitary or in clusters of 2-3,

6—7 lin. long excluding the styles, 8-9 lin. wide, without a distinct

involucre of barren bracts ; peduncle if present with a few whitish-

tomentose oblong or lanceolate acuminate bracts ; receptacle small,

flat ; floral bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, subacute to acuminate,

the outermost sometimes up to 24 lin. long and forming an involucre,

densely villous ; adult flower-bud up to 6 lin. long; perianth-tube

24 lin. long, pubescent above ; claws all alike, free, straight, with

recurved or revolute tips, finely tomentose ; limbs lanceolate-oblong,

acute, 1} lin. long, velvety-tomentose ; anthers sessile, oblong,

apical, up to almost 1 lin. long; hypogynous scales filiform, fiat,

¢ lin. long; ovary cylindric, 3 lin. long, densely and minutely

pubescent ; style 5-6 lin. long, filiform, glabrous; stigma subcla-

vate, }—2 lin. long, passing into the style. Leucadendron cartilagi-

neum, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 67 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv.

226.

South AFrica: without locality or collector’s name in the British Museum !

Also Roxburgh in Herb. Banks, and Niven in Herb. Martins ex Meisner.

WESTERN ReGion: Little Namaqualand ; Roode Berg and Ezels Kop, Dréye !

30. L. obtusatum (Phillips); a very small, densely branched

shrub ; branches finely crisped-tomentose above, glabrescent below,

with reddish bark ; leaves very much crowded, erect, more or less

concealing the stem, linear-spathulate, obtuse, long narrowed into

a linear base, flat or concave above, 4—7 lin. Jong, 1-1} lin. broad,

very thick, very minutely crisped-tomentose, at length quite glabrous,

glaucous, veinless ; heads solitary, terminal, sessile, 4-5 lin. long

excluding the styles, 6-8 lin. wide, without a definite involucre of

barren bracts; receptacle convex, 1} lin. wide; floral bracts

obovate to oblanceolate, acute to long-acuminate, 14-3 lin. long,

densely tomentose ; adult flower-bud up to 4 lin. long; perianth-

tube ~ to almost 1 lin. long, very slender, glabrous below, claws

all alike, free, very slender, with recurved tips up to 24 lin. long,

whitish-tomentose ; limbs oblong, subacute, 1 lin. long, whitish-

tomentose or villous; anthers sessile, linear-oblong, ? lin. long ;

hypogynous scales subulate, 7 lin. long; ovary pubescent, 3? lin.

long, surrounded by whitish hairs 1} lin. long; style filiform,

straight, 44-54 lin. long, loosely pubescent ; stigma clavate, $—3 lin.

long, subobtuse. Protea obtusata, Thunb. in Hof'm. Phytog. Blaett.

i. (1803), 15; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 133. Leucadendron

obtusatum, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 227.

Sour Arrica : without locality, Thunberg!

Coast Rearon : Worcester Div. ; Matroos Berg, Davidson !

31. L. zwartbhergense (Bolus in Trans. $8. Afr. Phil. Soc. xviii.

399); a small decumbent shrub, about 9 in. high; branches

638 PROTEACE& (Phillips & Stapf). [ Zeucospermum.

minutely greyish crisped-tomentose above, at length glabrous below,

with a reddish bark ; leaves rather crowded, slightly curved, linear

subobtuse, long narrowed towards the base, 9-15 lin. long, {—14 lin.

broad, flat or with recurved margins and then channelled on the

back, finely pubescent when young, soon quite glabrous, pale green

or glaucous ; heads sessile, solitary or in pairs at the end of very

short densely leafy branches, subglobose, 5-5} lin. long and wide,

with a few barren basal bracts not forming a definite involucre,

linear-oblong, 2—2) lin. long, glabrous apart from the dense cilia,

brown ; receptacle oblong, 24 lin. long, 1 lin. in diam.; floral

bracts subulate, 1 lin. long, glabrous, ciliate at the apex, hidden

among the white villi of the receptacle; adult flower-buds up to

3 lin. long; perianth-tube }# lin. long, very slender, glabrous ;

claws all alike, free, filiform, flexuous with recurved tips, 14 lin.

long, whitish-villous ; limbs deflexed, oblong, subacute, ¢ lin. long,

villous ; anthers sessile, linear, } lin. long; hypogynous scales

filiform, over } lin. long; ovary slender, cylindric, }—3 lin. long,

spreadingly whitish-pubescent ; style finely-filiform, glabrous, 2 lin.

long ; stigma subclavate, obtuse, not quite } lin. long.

Coast Rxeeton ; Oudtshoorn Div. ; Zwartzberg Pass, Bolus, 12267 !

Imperfectly known species.

32. L. spathulatum (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 101); a

small shrub; branches slender, loosely villous or shortly hirsute ;

leaves rather crowded, spathulate or spathulate-oblanceolate, sub-

acute to obtuse, narrowly attenuated at the base, entire or shortly

2-3-dentate, about 1 in. long, 24-4 lin. broad, faintly but distinctly

nerved, finely pubescent or glabrescent ; heads solitary, subsessile

among the top leaves, 14 in. in diam.; peduncle very short,

tomentose, with ovate acute to acuminate tomentose bracts ;

involucral bracts few, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 24-3 lin. long,

tomentose ; floral bracts?; adult flower-bud 8-9 lin. long, densely

brown velvety-tomentose ; limbs lanceolate, dark red inside ;

anthers sessile, 1} lin. long, with orange-coloured pollen; style

9 lin. long, filiform ; stigma oblong-cylindric, subobtuse. Roem. &

Schult. Syst. Veg. iii. 360. L. spathulatum, var. Nivenii, Meisn. in

DC. Prodr. xiv. 258. Protea spathulata, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv.

567. Leucadendrum bellidifolium, Knight, Prot. 56, from the

a Leucadendron spathulatum, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl.

ii, j |

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Niven !

A perfectly distinct species of uncertain affinity. The flowers of the only

specimen in the Banksian herbarium at the British Museum are in the bud

state and the head is so dried that it is impossible to examine it closely without

destroying part of it.

33. Leucadendrum gnaphaliifolium (Knight, Prot. 60); a tall

shrub 7-8 ft. high; leaves crowded, elliptic-lanceolate, generally

Leucospermum.| PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). 639

quite entire with a slender callous point, 8-10 lin. long, 2-3 lin.

broad, exceedingly pubescent, slightly nerved; stigma broadly

conical,

Sout Arrica : without locality or collector’s name, but probably Niven. Said

to grow only in low, dry situations.

34. Leucadendrum xeranthemifolium (Knight, Prot. 60); a tall

shrub, 6—7 ft. high; stem pubescent; leaves rather crowded,

lanceolate-cuneate, entire, obtuse, 6-8 lin. long, 14-2 lin. broad,

slightly pubescent when old ; stigma broad conical.

Coast Reaion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Jakhals Vley Mountains, Niven.

This may be only a small-leaved state of L. puberum.

VI. FAUREA, Harv.

Flowers hermaphrodite, zygomorphic. Perianth tubular in bud

with an oblong or obovoid to clavate limb, on opening split anticously

by the emerging style down to or nearly to the base so that the

anticous (abaxial) segment becomes detached with the exception of

the base which remains usually more or less united with the

perianth, the other segments permanently united into a flattened-

out, spreading or recurved sheath bearing the more or less sepa-

rating or cohering spoon-shaped limbs. Stamens 4, inserted at the

base of the limb, all fertile; filaments very short ; anthers linear

or linear-oblong ; connective usually produced into a small apical.

gland. Hypogynous scales 4, free, lanceolate, subulate or triangular,

indurated and persistent on the dise-shaped torus. Ovary ovoid or

ellipsoid, covered with long hairs; style more or less curved,

filiform, rigid, glabrous, long persistent ; stigma terete or quad-

rangular, gradually or with a small bend passing into the style.

Ovule 1, lateral. Fruit a long-villous nut.

Trees or shrubs ; leaves alternate, petioled, entire, coriaceous, usually more

or less glabrous, and shining above at least when mature and more or less pro-

minently veined; flowers in terminal solitary spikes or racemes, each flower

subtended by a small bract ; perianth at length deciduous.

Distrip. Species about 14; mostly in tropical Africa, 5 in South Africa and

1 in Madagascar.

Adult flower-buds 44-5 lin. long, with a limb up to

14 lin. long and correspondingly small anthers and

stigmas :

Flowers pedicelled ‘ ak a ee .» (1) Galpinii.

Flowers sessile... 188 : : (2) saligna.

Adult flower-buds 7-10 lin. long, with a limb 23 to

over 3 lin. long and correspondingly large anthers

and stigmas : :

Indumentum of branchlets and spikes very fine, reddish.

Leaves glabrous :

Adult flower-buds 7 lin. long, with a rather stout

tube and a limb not over 24 lin. long ... ... (8) natalensis.

640 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). [ Fawrea.

Adult flower-buds 9-10 lin. long, slender, with a

limb to over 3 lin. long ... ee (4) Macnaughtonii.

Indumentum of branchlets and spikes densely greyish-

tomentose, that of the branchlets coarse. Leaves

tomentose, subglabrous only when quite old... (5) speciosa.

1. F. Galpinii (Phillips) ; a tree or shrub, 8 ft. high ; branchlets

glabrous or minutely pubescent when young, with a dark brown or

blackish bark; leaves shortly petioled, lanceolate, acute at both

ends, 2-4 in. long, #-1 in. broad, coriaceous, drying blackish or

dark brown on the upper and reddish-brown on the under surface,

glabrous or minutely pubescent when quite young ; lateral nerves

numerous, very oblique, not joining into a submarginal nerve, like

the veins raised, particularly above ; petiole rarely over 2 lin. long,

glabrous or obscurely pubescent; inflorescence racemose, shortly

peduncled, cylindrical, usually 2 (rarely up to 34) in. long; rhachis

greyish- or whitish-tomentose ; bracts broad-ovate, } lin. long,

tomentose ; pedicels up to 14 lin. long; adult flower-bud slightly

curved, with a slender tube gradually tapering upwards and an

oblong subacute or obtuse limb, minutely and adpressedly pubescent,

4151 lin, long; perianth-sheath flattened out, spreading, recurved

in the upper part; limbs oblong, subacuminate, 1} lin. long, those

of the sheath separating only at the tips; anthers subsessile, linear-

oblong, 1-1} lin. long; apical glands ovoid, subacute ; hypogynous

scales subulate from a triangular base ; ovary ovoid, }— lin. long,

covered with whitish or (when dry) fulvous hairs up to 3 lin. long ;

style 4 lin. long, curved upwards, particularly in the mature state ;

stigma cylindric, slightly wider than the style and gradually or

with a slight bend passing into it, 1 lin. long ; fruit subglobose, up

to 14 lin. in diam.

Katanart Recion: Transvaal ; Saddleback Mountain, near Barberton, Galpin, —

944! Zoutpansberg Range, at Potato Bosch, Hastwood, 2435! Shilovane, Junod,

5539! near Pilgrims Rest, Burtt-Davy, 5650! Macamac Falls, Burtt-Davy, 5651!

2. F. saligna (Harv. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. vi. 373, t. 15) ;

a shrub or a tree, 8-20 ft. high ; branchlets glabrous or pubescent

when young, with a greyish or pale brown bark ; leaves petioled,

lanceolate, sometimes subfalcate, long and gradually tapering and

acute at both ends, 3-6 in. long, }-1 (rarely to 14) in. broad,

thinly coriaceous, concolorous, densely pubescent in bud, very soon

becoming glabrous and shining above; lateral nerves numerous,

joining into a more or less distinct submarginal nerve, like the

veins slightly raised ; petiole up to $ in. long, glabrous or pubescent ;

inflorescence spicate, shortly peduncled, cylindric, 3-6 (rarely 2)

in. long; rhachis greyish-pubescent ; bracts concave, broad-ovate,

acute or obtuse, } lin. long; adult flower-bud slightly curved, with

a tube gradually tapering upwards and an oblong or oblong-obovoid

obtuse limb, minutely and adpressedly pubescent, 44—54 lin. long ;

flower pale yellowish ; perianth splitting to or almost to the base,

Faurea.| PROTEACE# (Phillips & Stapf). 641

sheath flattened out, spreading, recurved in the upper part ; limbs

oblong, subobtuse, 1} lin. long, those of the sheath usually at

length separating ; anthers subsessile, linear-oblong, 1-1} lin. long,

apical gland minute, ovoid-globose ; hypogynous scales triangular,

usually acute or acuminate, to over } lin. long; ovary ovoid, }—}

lin. long, covered with whitish or (when dry) yellow hairs up to 3 lin.

long; style 33-4} lin. long, gently curved upwards; stigma

subclavate-cylindric, obtuse, up to 1 lin. long, gradually or with

a faint bend passing into the style; fruit globose-ovoid, 2-2} lin.

long, long-villous. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 344; Welw. in Trans. —

Linn. Soc. xxvii. 65; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 195, and Pf.

Ost-Afr. C. 164 ; Hiern, in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 921; Engl. & Gilg

in Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 226; C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl.

Trop. Afr. vi. 209; Sim, For. Fl. Cape Col, 297.

KaLaHarr Reeion: Transvaal ; Magaliesberg Range, Burke! Zeyher, 1480!

1481! Wahlberg, Sanderson! Boshveld, Rehmann! Barberton, Galpin, 868 ! near

Nylstroom, Nelson, 112! Burtt-Davy, 2059! 2592! Rustenberg, Collins, 137 !

Miss Pegler, 1009! Warm Bath, Bolus, 12268! Burtt-Davy, 5648! Potgeiters

Rust, Rogers, 329! and in Herb. Miss Leendertz, 1266! Tweefontein, Schlechter,

4259! Marico district, Burtt-Davy, 7574! Zoutpansberg Range, Lastwood, 2433 !

Legat, 158!

Appa Recion: Natal; Inanda, Wood, 6 ! 1189!

Also in Tropical Africa, although it is doubtful whether all the specimens

referred to it represent typical F. saligna.

Rogers in Herb. Leendertz 1266 has very long bracts subtending the flowers,

longer than in any other specimen we have seen. It may be a distinct species,

but the material is too young to decide definitely.

3. F. natalensis (Phillips); branchlets glabrous or finely and

sparingly pubescent upwards, with a blackish bark ; leaves petioled,

oblong to elliptic-lanceolate, acute at both ends, 2—3 in. long, 1-1}

in. broad, coriaceous, drying olive-green or brown on both sides,

glabrous, lateral nerves numerous, very oblique, joining in short

faint loops near the margin, like the veins raised on both sides ;

petiole 4-1} in. long, glabrous; inflorescence spicate, shortly

peduncled, cylindrical, stout, very dense, 34-5 in. long ; rhachis

reddish, minutely pubescent, stout; bracts very broad, acute,

3-3 lin. long, glabrescent ; adult flower-buds more or less curved

upwards or the subterminal almost straight, with a somewhat

stout tube and a wide base and a clavate subobtuse or subacute

limb, up to 7 lin. long, very finely reddish-tomentellous ; perianth-

sheath recurved, spreading and flattened out from below the middle ;

limbs lanceolate-oblong, subacute, 24 lin. long, those of the sheath at

length separating, but more or less tightly conniving; anthers

subsessile, linear-oblong, 1}-2 lin. long; apical gland ovoid,

minute ; hypogynous scales subulate from a triangular base to over

1 lin. long ; ovary ovoid, 1 lin. long, covered when dry with fulvous

hairs up to almost 5 lin. long; style 6 lin. long, curved upwards

from below the middle, giabrous ; stigma linear in outline, quad-

VOL. V.—-SECT. I. 2°

642 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Stapf). | Fawrea.

rangular, obtuse, up to 2 lin. long, passing with a sudden bend

into the style. )

Eastern Recion: Natal, Gerrard, 1505!

4. F. Macnaughtonii (Phillips); a tall forest tree, up to 60 ft.

high, with a trunk 30 in. in diam. ; branchlets glabrous with a.

greyish-brown bark ; leaves petioled, lanceolate to elliptic-lanceo-

late, acute at both ends, 3-6 in. long, }—1 in. wide, coriaceous,

drying olive-green, glossy above, glabrous ; lateral nerves numerous,

very oblique, joining in short faint loops near the margin, like the

veins raised on both sides ; petiole up to 1-1 in. long, glabrous ;

inflorescence spicate, shortly peduncled, very dense, cylindrical,

stout, 4-6 in. long; rhachis very minutely reddish-pubescent ;.

bracts very broadly ovate, acute, }—? lin. long, reddish-pubescent ;

adult flower-bud gently curved upwards, with a somewhat stout

tube and a clavate subobtuse limb, not much wider than the tube,

9-10 lin. long, very finely reddish-tomentellous ; perianth-sheath

abruptly spreading and flattened out from below the middle ;

limbs linear-oblong, subacute, over 3 lin. long, those of the sheath

permanently united, except at the tips, and conniving; anthers

subsessile, linear, 2? lin. long; apical gland ovoid, subacute 3.

hypogynous scales subulate-lanceolate, 1 lin. long; ovary ovoid,

covered with whitish hairs, up to 4 lin. long; style 8 lin. long,

slightly curved, glabrous ; stigma linear in outline, quadrangular,

to over 2 lin. long, passing with an obscure bend into the style.

F. saligna, MacOwan in Agric. Journ. Cape of Good Hope, xii. 714, not

of Harv. F. arborea, Sim, For. Fl. Cape Col. 297, t. 130, not of Engl.

_Coast Recion: Knysna Div.; Gouna Forest at Klipkop near Knysna,

McNaughton in MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr., 1948 ! and in Herb, MacOwan, 3312 !

According to MacOwan this tree is very rare in the locality cited above and

flowers very rarely. Sim also records it on the authority of Mr. McNaughton

from Blaauwkrantz and Zitzikamma, adding that there are only about 60 trees

known in all, apart from some seedlings. He remarks on its absence from the

Kaffrarian forests and the Transkei, but says that it is not very rare in the

Egossa Forests and has been seen in the St. John’s and Pondoland forests.

There are no specimens at hand from any of those forests, and it may be that

the Eastern Faurea referred to by him under his F. arborea is really F. natalensis,

Phillips, which resembles the former very much.

5. F. speciosa (Welw. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvii. 63, t. 20);

a bush or tree, 10-20 ft. high; branchlets greyish-tomentose or

pubescent, after the peeling of the bark reddish ; leaves shortly

petioled, broad-lanceolate to oblong, acute at both ends, 5-6 in.

long, 14-3 in. broad, coriaceous, concolorous, densely greyish-

tomentose when quite young, then more or less glabrescent and at

length almost entirely glabrous, very coriaceous ; lateral nerves

numerous, joining into a conspicuous submarginal nerve, like the

veins much raised; petiole stout, 2-7 lin. long; inflorescence

spicate, very shortly peduncled, very dense, cylindrical, very

stout, 5-7 in. long; rhachis stout, tomentose; flowers spirally

Faurea.| PROTEACE# (Phillips & Stapf). 643

arranged, almost contiguous with their bases or slightly distant,

sometimes almost verticillate, with the whorls close, bracts very

broadly-ovate, acute, } lin. long, tomentose; adult flower-bud

curved upwards, with a cylindric tube, widened at the base, and

an obovoid-oblong subobtuse limb, much wider than the tube, 9-10

lin. long, greyish-tomentose ; perianth at length splitting down to

the base with the abaxial segment long or permanently adhering

to the lower third ; sheath spreading and -flattened out from below

the middle ; limbs. linear-oblong, subacute, to over 3 lin. long, those

of the sheath at length more or less separating and opening out, or

permanently conniving ; anthers subsessile, linear, 2-24 lin. long ;

apical gland ovoid, subobtuse ; hypogynous scales triangular, acute,

1 lin. long ; ovary ovoid, covered when dry with fulvous hairs, at

length up to 5 lin. long ; style 9-11 lin. long, more or less curved,

glabrous ; stigma linear in outline, obtuse, quadrangular, 14-2 lin.

long, very slightly wider than the style and set off from it by a

minute bend ; fruit subglobose, 3 lin. long, long-villous with a very

thick shell. Engl. Hochgebirgsf. Trop. Afr. 195; Glied. Veg.

Usambara, 60, 63; Pf. Ost-Afr. C, 164; Jahrb. xxx. 301; Hiern

in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 922; Engl. d& Gilg in Baum, Kunene-

Samb. Exped. 227; C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vi. 211.

Trichostachys speciosa, Welw. Syn. Eaxplic. 19.

KarLaHart Recion: Transvaal; Woodbush Mountains, Mrs. Barber, 2!

Hutchins! Barberton, Galpin, 402! Bolus, 9756! Elands Hoek, Rogers, 391!

and without precise locality, Burtt-Davy, 333! 356! ;

Also in Tropical Africa.

VII. MIMETES, Salish.

Flowers hermaphrodite, actinomorphic. Perianth-tube very short

or wanting ; segments 4, filiform or linear-filiform, often villous ;

limb linear or oblong-linear, usually villous, rarely glabrescent.

Stamens 4 ; filament short and fleshy, often fused with the perianth ;

anthers linear; connective produced into an acute or rounded

apical appendage. Hypogynous scales 4, free, usually filiform or

linear, rarely ovate-lanceolate. Ovary sessile, pubescent ; style

exserted, erect, terete, mostly glabrous, usually terminal, rarely

oblique ; stigma smooth, terete or linear, rarely subquadrangular,

acute or obtuse, sometimes swollen at the apex, more or less kneed

or sinuate at the junction with the style; ovule solitary. Fruits

ovoid, glabrescent, with a slightly hardened pericarp.

Erect or subdecumbent undershrubs with simple tomentose or villous stems 2

leaves mostly oblong-elliptic or ovate, with a callous entire or 3-dentate apex,

mostly densely adpressed silky-tomentose or villous ; flower-heads sessile, solitary

in the upper leaf-axils, 3-12-flowered ; involucral bracts usually shorter than the

flowers, membranous or coriaceous, often villous or tomentose, frequently coloured ;

receptacle densely setose.

Distris. Species about 9, confined to the South-western part of Cape Colony.

27 2

644 PROTEACEE (Phillips & Hutchinson). [ Mimetes.

Stigma with a swollen ovoid apex clearly differentiated

from the lower cylindric portion :

Callus at the apex of the leaves entire ; perianth-limb

ve is iis ... (1) capitulata,

long-villous ... ne .

Callus at the apex of the leaves 3-toothed, rarely sub-

entire ; perianth-limb nearly glabrous... ... (2) saxatilis.

Stigma linear, cylindric, not. swollen at the apex :

Callus at the apex of the leaves 3-5-fid or 3-5-toothed :

Stigma very acute is ao eh ee ... (8) lyrigera.

Stigma obtuse or rounded (4) splendida.

Callus at the apex of the leaves quite entire :

Leaves 13-24 in. long ; stigma 3 lin. long:

Leaves silvery-tomentose, nearly 3 times as long

as broad ; involucral bracts thinly pubescent ;

flowers exserted about 4 their length cae

Leaves yellowish-tomentose, not twice as long as

broad ; involucral bracts ‘densely velvety-

tomentose ; flowers exserted about 3 their

length or more ... Phe a bee we

Leaves usually less than 14 in. long (rarely 1} in.) ;

stigma 3~14 lin. long:

Perianth-limb glabrous or nearly so ay ... (7) pauciflora.

(5) integra.

(6) argentea.

Perianth-limb villous with long weak hairs :

Heads 7-12-flowered .... ire ae

Heads about 3-flowered ... a one ... (9) palustris

(8) hirta.

1. M. capitulata (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soe. x. 106) ; branches

villous ; leaves 6-14 lin. long, 3-7 lin. broad, lanceolate, lanceolate-

ovate or ovate, gradually narrowed to an obtuse callous apex, a

little narrowed to the base, entire, coriaceous, indistinctly 3-nerved,

densely adpressed-villous with silky hairs; heads sessile, 1-1} in.

long, 10-12-flowered, in the axils of the leaves at the ends of the

branches ; involucral bracts 5—6-seriate, varying from linear-lanceo-

late to ovate-lanceolate, more or less narrowed to the base, mem-

branous, pubescent outside, long-ciliate ; receptacle long-setose ;

perianth-segments free or nearly so, about 12 lin. long, linear-

filiform, slightly widened for about 24 lin. at the base, plumose ;

limb 1} lin. long, linear-lanceolate, subacute, long-villous on the

back; stamens with filaments } lin. long; anthers ? lin. long,

linear; apical gland } lin. long, lanceolate, subacute, concave ;

hypogynous scales } lin. long, linear, obtuse, brown ; ovary shortly

stalked, 1 lin. long, oblong, pubescent ; style nearly 2 in. long,

subcylindrie, glabrous ; stigma 1} lin. long, with an ovoid acuminate

subacute apex and a distinct kink at the junction with the style.

Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 380 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 262.

Protea capitulata, Poir. Encyl. Suppl. iv. 568.

South Arrica: without locality, Gueinzius ! Brown ! :

Coast REGION: Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland Mountains, Zeyher,

3690! Caledon Div. ; near Grietjes Gat, ex Zeyher | near the Bot River, Pillans

in Herb. Bolus, 9361 !

Mimetes. | PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). 645

2. M. saxatilis (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1911, 84); branches

grey-tomentose or villous ; leaves closely imbricate, 11-1} in. long,

8-15 lin. broad, obovate-elliptic or obovate, with a blunt glabrous

3-toothed callous apex, rounded at the base, coriaceous, indistinctly

5-6-nerved from near the base, densely adpressed-pubescent with

whitish hairs; heads sessile, about 1 in, long, 10—12-flowered,

solitary in the axils of the leaves at the ends of the branches ;

involucral bracts 5—6-seriate, linear-lanceolate to ovate, all acutely

acuminate, about half as long as the flowers, coriaceous, slightly

rugose, densely ciliate, otherwise nearly glabrous ; receptacle long-

setose ; perianth-tube very short, glabrous ; segments 9-12 lin.

long, linear-filiform, densely pilose up to the limb ; limb 14 lin.

long, linear, obtuse or subacute, glabrous or with a few scattered

hairs; anthers sessile, 1} lin. long; filaments oblong, swollen,

channelled ; apical gland } lin. long, lanceolate, acute ; hypogynous

scales 1 lin. long, linear; ovary 4 lin. long, pubescent ; style

11-1 in. long, cylindric ; stigma 1} lin. long, with an ovoid obtuse

apex } lin. long, and with a distinct kink at the junction with

the style.

Sourn AFrica: without locality, Thunberg !

Coast Reaton: Bredasdorp Div. ; Elim, Schlechter, 7716! Mier Kraal,

Schlechter, 10521 !

Mimetes? nitens, Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 384; Meisn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 266 (Protea nitens, Thunb, Fl. Cap. ed. i. 514; ed. Schultes, 140) may

belong here, but the original specimen consists of two leaves only.

3. M. lyrigera (Knight, Prot. 65) ; stems 4-5 ft. high, sometimes

decumbent ; branches densely pubescent or softly tomentose ; leaves

14-3 in. long, 2-12 lin. broad, mostly oblong or oblong-lanceolate,

the lower often broader in the lower half, 3-5-fid at the apex or

rarely a few entire on each shoot, obtuse at the base, coriaceous,

indistinctly 3-nerved, or if broadened in the lower half then with

6-9 fairly distinct nerves, pubescent when young, at length

becoming glabrous ; heads sessile, 2 in. long including the styles,

4-10-flowered, axillary towards the ends of the branches ;

involucral bracts 3—4-seriate, linear or lanceolate, acuminate, acute,

minutely pubescent or almost glabrous ; receptacle long-setose ;

perianth-tube 2 lin. long, pubescent inside ; segments 14 in. long,

filiform, long-pilose; limb 2}-3 lin. long, linear, acute, villous ;

anthers 1} lin. long, linear ; apical gland $ lin. long, linear, acute ;

hypogynous scales ? lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, white ; ovary

} lin. long, pubescent ; style exserted, 2 in. long, more or less

flattened, glabrous ; stigma 2} lin. long, subquadrangular, furrowed,

very acute. M. cucullata, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 107 ;

Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 380 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 263,

inel. vars. ; O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. 278. M. Ludwigii, Steud. ex

Meisn. Le. M. mixta, Gandog. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xlviii. p. xciil.

M. cucullata, vars. Dregei and laxa, Gandog. le. Protea cucullata,

Linn. ‘Mant. 189; Thunb. Diss. Prot. 23; Murr. Syst. Veg.

646 PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). | Mimetes.

ed. xiv. 137 ; Lam. Encyel. v. 656 ; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 126.

Leucadendron cucullatum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 93; ed. ii. 136; Berg.

in Kongl. Vet. Acad. Handl. Stockh. 1766, 320; Berg. Descr. Pl.

Cap. 14.—Protea foliis lanceolatis obtusis flores, ete., Royen, Fi.

Seyd. Prodr. 184. Leucadendros africana, s. Scolymocephalos, ete.,

Pluk. Almag. 212, t. 304, fig. 6. Hypophyllocarpodendron foliis

inferioribus, etc., Boerh. Ind. Alt. Pl. Hort. Ludg. Bat. ii. 206.

Scolymocephalus sew Hypophyllocarpodendron foliis tribus, etc., Weinm.

Phyt. iv. 297, t. 905, fig. b.

Var. 6, Hartogii (E. P. Phillips); mature leaves conspicuously hirsute on the

margin with white hairs. Mimetes jimbriefolius, Knight, Prot. 65. M. Hartogii,

R. Br. in Trans. Linn, Soc. x. 108 ; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 381; Meisn.

in DC. Prods. xiv. 263. Protea cucullata, B, Lam. Ill. i. 239, excl. plate. Hypo-

phyllocarpodendron foliis lanuginosis, etc., Boerh. Ind. Alt. Pl. Hort. Lugd. Bat. ii.

205, t. 205. Seolymocephalus seu Hypophyllocarpodendron foliis lanugunosis, etc.,

Weinm. Phyt. iv. t. 906, a.

Sournh Arrica: without locality, Oldenburg! Thunberg! Nelson! Niven!

Ludwig! Harvey! Drége! Thom, 424! 935! Ecklon & Zeyher! Brentel, 40!

Andersson ! Gueinzius! Var. B, Bergius, 273! Niven! Mund! Krauss, 1037.

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div. ; Witzenberg Range, Burchell, 8692! Pappe!

near Tulbagh Waterfall, MacOwan! Phillips, 525! Worcester Div. ; Dutoits

Kloof, Drége! Cape Div. ; Table Mountain, Burchell, 661! Milne, 28! Camps

Bay, Burchell, 351! near Simons Town, Wright! Bolus, 4198! Wolley-Dod, 291 !

Caledon Div. ; Lowrys Pass, Kuntze! between the Palmiet River and Lowrys

Pass, Burchell, 8186! near Grabouw, Bolus, 4198! Baviaans Kloof, Burchell,

7789! Schlechter, 9844! Houw Hoek, Zeyher, 1478! MacOwan, Herb. Norm.

Austr.-Afr., 773! Schlechter, 7399! Zwart Berg, Zeyher! Swellendam Div. ;

mountains near the Zondereinde River, Zeyher, 1478 8 ! Voormans Bosch, Zeyher,

3693! mountains near Swellendam, Galpin, 4480! Riversdale Div. ; between

Little Vet River and Garcias Pass, Burchell, 6889! Garcias Pass, Galpin, 4479!

Mossel Bay Div. ; Attaquas Kloof, Drége! Oudtshoorn Div. ; near Oudtshoorn,

Britten! Var. B: Cape Div. ; Stinkwater, near Camps Bay, Zeyher, 4681! Table

Mountain, near Oude Kraal, Pappe! mountains near Simonstown, Wright!

Jameson! Pappe |!

4. M. splendida (Knight, Prot. 66) ; shrub 5-6 ft. high ; branches

velvety-tomentose ; leaves 1-2} in. long, 5—9 lin. broad, oblong or

elliptic-lanceolate, obtuse or subacute, 3-toothed or rarely entire at

the glabrescent apex, slightly narrowed or rounded at the base,

indistinctly 5—7-nerved, silky tomentose with adpressed hairs ; heads

sessile, including the styles 2 in. long, 8—11-flowered, axillary,

aggregated at the end of the branches ; involucral bracts 3—4-seriate,

narrowly oblong, ovate or elliptic, coriaceous, somewhat rugose,

ciliate, glabrous; receptacle finely setose; perianth-tube 1 lin.

long, pilose; segments 13-16 lin. long, linear-filiform, long rusty-

pilose; limb 3-4 lin. long, linear, subacute, long-pilose on the

back ; filaments oblong, fused with the perianth ; anthers 2}—3 lin.

long, linear ; apical glands } lin. long, ellipsoid, obtuse ; hypogy-

nous scales | lin. long, linear ; ovary } lin. long, pubescent ; style

13-1} in. long, cylindric, glabrous; stigma 3 lin. long, linear,

obtuse or rounded at the apex, sinuate at the junction with the

style; fruit 34 lin. long, ellipsoid; testa hard. M. Hibbertii,

R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 108 ;-Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg.

Mimetes.| rroreacka (Phillips & Hutchinson). 647

jii. 381; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 264. Protea Hibbertii, Poir.

Encyel. Suppl. iv. 568.

‘

Sour Arrica: without locality, Roxburgh! Thom, 275! Ludwig!

Coast Recon: Caledon Div. ; mountains near Houw Hoek, Pappe! Swellen-

dam Div. ; near Swellendam, Kennedy! Grootvaders Bosch, Bowie! Mund!

Pappe ! Tradouw mountains, Bowie! George Div. ; mountains near George, Drége !

lower part of the Cradock Berg, Burchell, 6028 ! Barbiers Kraal, Niven, 75!

5. M. integra (Hutchinson) ; branches densely villous; leaves

2-21 in. long, about } in. broad, lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate,

with a subacute entire callous apex, slightly narrowed to the base,

with several distinct ascending nerves, densely adpressed silvery

tomentose; heads much shorter than the leaves, including the

styles 14-1} in. long, 7—8-flowered, crowded towards the ends of

the branches; outer involucral bracts 3—4 lin. long, 2} lin. broad,

ovate, obtuse, intermediate about } in. long and 3 lin. broad,

oblong, rounded at the apex, thinly adpressed-pubescent outside,

glabrous and striate within, the innermost (about 8) 6—7 lin. long,

linear, densely villous outside, glabrous within ; receptacle finely

setose ; perianth-tube very short; segments about 1 in. long,

filiform, thinly subadpressed-pubescent ; limb 3}—4 lin. long, linear,

acute, shortly pubescent and with a few long ascending hairs

outside ; filaments thick, about 1 lin. long; anthers 1} lin. long,

linear-filiform ; apical gland very small; hypogynous scales 1 lin.

long, subulate-filiform ; ovary } lin. long, narrowly ovoid, shortly

pubescent ; style about 1} in. long, filiform, glabrous ; stigma 3 lin.

jdong, linear, obtuse, only slightly differentiated from the style ;

fruits not seen. M. Massoni, Meisn. in DO. Prodr. xiv. 264, partly,

as to Zeyher, not of R. Br.

Coast REGIon: Caledon Div. ; banks of the Zondereinde River, near Appels

Kraal or neighbouring mountains, Zeyher, 3688 !

6. M. argentea (Knight, Prot. 67); shrub 4 ft. high ; branches

velvety-tomentose ; leaves 14—2} in. long, 1-1} in. broad, elliptic

or oblong-elliptic, with a subobtuse callus at the apex, entire,

slightly narrowed to the base, indistinctly 9-nerved, very densely

tomentose with adpressed silky hairs ; heads subsessile, 1} in. long

including the styles, 7—9-flowered, axillary ; involucral bracts

about 3-seriate, coriaceous, the outer ovate-oblong, silky tomentose,

the inner linear, long-villous ; receptacle densely setose with long

weak hairs; perianth-tube very short, rusty-villous; segments

nearly 1 in. long, linear, rusty-villous ; limb 43 lin. long, villous ;

stamens 3 lin, long; filaments swollen, fused with the perianth ;

anthers 23 lin. long, linear ; apical gland 4 lin. long, ovoid, acute ;

hypogynous scales 1} lin. long, linear, subacute, white ; ovary } lin.

long, oblong, pubescent ; style 14 in. long, filiform, glabrous ;

stigma 3 lin. long, linear, obtuse, furrowed, kneed at the junction

with the style. Mimetes Massoni, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x.

648 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). — | /imetes.

109: Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 381 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv.

264 partly, excl. Zeyher, 3688. Protea Massonti, Poir. Encycl. Suppl.

iv. 568.

SovurH Arrica: without locality, Roxburgh !

Coast ReGion: Paarl Div. ; mountains near French Hoek, Masson! Caledon

Div. ; near the Zondereinde River, Niven, 74!

7. M. pauciflora (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 106); shrub

2-3 ft. high; stem subsimple; branches villous; leaves decreasing

in size from the base upwards, }—1} in. long, 3-9 lin. broad, mostly

obovate or obovate-elliptic, rarely oblong, very obtuse at the base,

entire, coriaceous, indistinctly 3—5-nerved, villous with long weak

subadpressed hairs; heads sessile, 1}-2 in. long, subcylindric,

mostly 3-4-flowered, axillary, aggregated towards the ends of the

branches ; involucral bracts 4-seriate, ovate, oblong or lanceolate,

acute, membranous, coloured, many-nerved, varying from densely

shaggy villous to almost glabrous; receptacle densely setose ;.

perianth-tube 14 lin. long, 4-keeled, glabrous; segments 1} in.

long, linear-filiform, long-villous ; limb 3 lin. long, linear-lanceolate,,.

subacute, glabrous or somewhat pilose towards the base ; filament

3 lin. long, oblong, swollen, furrowed ; anthers 14 lin. long, linear ;

apical gland } lin. long, lanceolate ; hypogynous scales ? lin. long,

linear, obtuse, white; ovary ? lin, long, subglobose, pubescent ;

style 1} in. long, linear, glabrous, only slightly exserted ; stigma.

1} lin. long, cylindric, subacute, obtuse, slightly kneed at the

junction with the style. Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 380 ;.

Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 263. Protea pauciflora, Poir. Encycl.

Suppl. iv. 568.

SoutH Arnica: without locality, Roxburgh ! Thom, 274!

Coast Recion: Swellendam Div.; lower part of the Tradouw mountains, —

Bowie! George Div.; between Cape Town and George, Rogers! lower part of

the Cradock Berg, Burchell, 6014! near George, Pappe! Alexander! Uniondale

Div. ; on the mountains dividing Long Kloof from the coast, Bowie! Knysna.

Div. ; Millwood, 7'yson, 3030! and in MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr. 1523!

8. M. hirta (Knight, Prot. 66); branches densely villous; leaves

3-1} in. long, 3-8 lin. broad, ovate-elliptic to oblanceolate, with a.

blunt callus at the apex, or very slightly pointed, narrowed to the:

base, entire, coriaceous, indistinctly 3—5-nerved, more or less

adpressed-villous ; heads sessile, 2} in. long, including the styles,

7—12-flowered, axillary, aggregated towards the ends of the branches ;.

involucral bracts 5-7-seriate, linear-lanceolate, lanceolate or ovate,

gradually and acutely acuminate, membranous, many-nerved,.

glabrous except for the long-ciliate margin, the outermost pilose

towards the apex; receptacle setose; perianth-tube 2-3 lin.

long, ventricose, glabrous ; segments 11-15 lin. long, linear, villous.

in the upper part, glabrescent below ; limb 1-1} lin. long, linear,

subobtuse, long-pilose on the back, with a tuft of long hairs at the

apex; anthers linear, with a small apical gland; hypogynous

scales 3 lin. long, linear, obtuse, brown; ovary }—} lin. long,

Mimetes.| | PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). 649

oblong, pubescent ; style 2-2} in. long, much exserted, trigonous

above, subobliquely inserted on the ovary, glabrous ; stigma }—1 lin. -

long, furrowed, subacute, distinctly sinuate at the junction with

the style. R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 105; Roem. & Schultes,

Syst. Veg. iii. 379; Reichenb. Ic. Exot. 62, t. 92; Meisn. in DC.

Prodr. xiv. 262. M. capitulata, Sieber ex Meisn. lc. M. decapi-

tata, Meisn. l.c. Protea hirta, Linn. Mant. 188 ; Thunb. Diss. Prot.

57; Lam. Ill. i. 234; Thunb. Prodr. 27; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 532 ;

Poir. Encyel. v. 641; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 139. Leucaden-

dron hirtum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 136.—Lepidocarpodendron foliis

sericeis, etc., Boerh. Ind. Alt. Pl. Hort. Lugd. Bat. ii. 194, t. 194.

Scolymocephalus africanus argenteus, ete., Weinm. Phyt. iv. 292,

t. 899,-a. ‘

SourH Arrica: without locality, Bowie! Ludwig! Thom! Ecklon, 334!

Sieber, 4!

Coast Recion: Cape Div. ; Table Mountain, Thunberg! Bodkin in Herb Bolus,

4929 B! Cape Flats, Zeyher, 527! Rondebosch, Jameson! hills near Simons Bay,

Brown ! Schlechter, 1201! Pappe! plain above Smitwinkel Bay, Bolus, 4929!

Cape Point, MacOwan, Herb, Norm. Austr.-Afr. 911! Phillips ! Stellenbosch Div. ;

Hottentots Holland Mountains, Zeyher, 3690! Mrs. de Jongh in Herb. Galpin,

3508 ! Bredasdorp Div. ; near Elim, Bolus, 8591! Schlechter, 9647 ! Knysna Div. ;

near Plettenbergs Bay, Bowie !

9. M. palustris (Knight, Prot. 66, excl. syn. Boerh.) ; branches

decumbent, rusty-villous; leaves 3-1 in. long, 3-5 lin. broad,

imbricate, ovate-lanceolate or ovate, shortly pointed and entire at.

the apex, a little narrowed to the base, with no visible nerves,

coriaceous, adpressed villous, with more or less rust-coloured hairs

on both surfaces ; heads longer than the leaves, including the styles

about 1} in. long, 3-flowered, crowded at the ends of the branches ;

outer involucral bracts about 4 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute,

thinly villous especially towards the margin ; intermediate about

3 in. long and } in. broad, oblong-oblanceolate, acute, thinly

adpressed-villous outside, glabrous and striate within, the innermost

few, almost linear and more densely villous ; receptacle finely and

long-setose ; perianth-tube about 1 lin. long ; segments j in. long,

linear-filiform, rather densely setose with long ascending hairs ;

limb 14 lin. long, narrowly lanceolate, subacute, densely setose

outside ; filaments thick, } lin. long; anthers 3 lin. long; apical

gland suborbicular, about } lin. in diam. ; hypogynous scales and

ovary not seen; style exserted, 1} in. long, sulcate, glabrous ;

stigma scarcely 1 lin. long, rounded at the apex.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, in wet marshes, Niven !

Imperfectly known species.

10. M. floccosa (Knight, Prot. 65); stem 4—5 ft. high, with long

branches ; leaves 7-8 lin. long, 4—6 lin. broad, elliptic, entire, very

pubescent ; perianth-segments thinly bearded towards the apex.

Coast RxaIon : Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, Masson.

Known to us only from the description. Masson’s specimen appears to be lost.

650 PROTEACES (Phillips & Hutchinson). [Ovothamnus.

VIII. OROTHAMNUS, Pappe.

Flowers hermaphrodite, actinomorphic. Perianth-tube short,

pubescent ; segments 4, linear. Stamens 4; filaments fused with

the perianth-segments ; anthers linear ; connective produced into a

distinct apical gland. Hypogynous scales 4, free, linear. Ovary

sessile; style erect, grooved, glabrous; stigma linear, grooved,

obtuse ; ovule solitary. '

An erect shrub with long-pilose branches ; leaves ciliate ; flower-heads sessile,

crowded at the extremities of the branches, many-flowered ; involucral bracts

large, coloured, the outermost densely shaggy.

DistriB, Species 1, confined to the South-Western part of Cape Colony.

1. 0. Zeyheri (Pappe in Bot. Mag. t. 4357); an erect shrub 6-8

ft. high; branches long-pilose ; leaves 1-2} in. long, }-1} mm.

broad, slightly imbricate, obovate or oblanceolate-spathulate, with

a very obtuse blackish apex, slightly narrowing at the base or

rarely the upper leaves attenuated, distinctly 5—6-nerved, rigidly

subcoriaceous, densely ciliate when young, otherwise glabrous or

rarely scantily pilose ; heads sessile, 2-2} in. long, many-flowered,

1-3 or rarely more at the extremity of a branch, drooping ;

involucral-bracts rose-red and petaloid, 4-5-seriate, 1?-2 in. long,

4-12 lin. broad, spathulate-oblong, rounded at the apex, many-

nerved, membranous, pilose, ciliate, the outermost densely shaggy-

pilose ; perianth-tube 3 lin. long, cylindric, pubescent ; segments

lemon-yellow, 1} in. long, linear, pilose; limb 4 lin. long, linear,

scantily pilose ; filaments swollen, fused with the perianth ; anthers

33 lin. long, linear ; apical gland } lin. long, ovate, obtuse ; hypo-

gynous scales § lin. long, linear, obtuse, brown ; style 1} in. long,

grooved, glabrous; stigma 34 lin. long, sulcate, obtuse ; ovary 1

lin, long, globose; fruit 3 lin. long, oblong, smooth and shining.

Flor. des Ser. iv. t. 338. Mimetes Zeyheri, Meisn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 264.

: — Recion: Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland Mountains, Zeyher,

689!

IX. DIASTELLA, Knight.

Flowers hermaphrodite, actinomorphic. Perianth cylindric in bud

with an ellipsoid limb ; segments free to or slightly connate at the

base, villous, clearly differentiated into a slender claw and a short

broader limb ; limb oblong or lanceolate, subacute or obtuse, villous

or rarely glabrous. Stamens 4; anthers oblong, sessile, shorter than

the limb and inserted at its base ; connective produced into a small

apical appendage. Hypogynous scales absent. Ovary sessile, pubes-

cent ; style filiform, straight, subpersistent, glabrous or pilose in the

lower part; stigma cylindric, short, obtuse, epapillose, gradually

Diastella.| | PROTEACE& (Phillips & Hutchinson). 651

tapering into the style. Ovule 1,pendulous. Fruit a yellowish-white,

ellipsoid, beaked nut with a thin reticulated pericarp. Seed solitary ;

testa membranous, hyaline ; embryo straight ; cotyledons large, flat

and thin, broad ; radicle very small.

Erect or prostrate undershrubs or shrubs 1-8 ft. high; branches pilose or

villous ; leaves crowded or more often lax, elliptic, spathulate or suborbicular,

rarely ericoid, entire or sometimes minutely toothed at the apex, usually hairy ;

flowers in terminal solitary sessile subglobose or obconic bracteate heads ; involucral

bracts never or only slightly exceeding the flowers, ciliate, mostly coloured ; floral

bracts linear or filiform, densely villous ; receptacle flat or slightly concave long-

setose with fine rust-coloured hairs.

Distrip. Species 5, confined to the South-Western portion of Cape Colony.

Leaves flat, linear-oblong to orbicular, 14 lin. broad or

more ; perianth-limb villous :

Heads rather small, about 3 in. in diam. or less (rarely

more), mostly few- (rarely about 45-)flowered ;

involucral bracts obtuse or gradually acuminate,

never cuspidate :

Leaves crowded and more or less closely imbricate ;

heads 6-8 lin. in diam. ; perianth-limb long

villous ae es mise Pe oes

Leaves laxly arranged and mostly spreading ; heads

about 5 lin. in diam. ; perianth-limb rather

shortly or long-villous :

Leaves rarely over $ in. long, with a minute

callous entire apex ; a low spreading shrub .. (2) serpyllifolia.

Leaves about 3 in. long, with a conspicuous callous

apex, the latter sometimes bifid; an erect

shrub 7-8 ft, high is ae i

Heads rather large, about ? in. in diam., many-flowered

(about 50); involucral bracts mostly cuspidate-

acuminate ; leaf-apex often toothed ive ao

Leaves subacicular, less than 4 lin. broad; perianth-

limb glabrous ee se ae i

(1) bryiflora.

(3) myrtifolia.

(4) parilis.

(5) ericeefolia.

1. D. bryiflora (Knight, Prot. 62); a small erect shrub about

4 ft. high ; branches softly tomentose, at length becoming pubescent ;

leaves 3-6 lin. long, 14-3 lin. broad, elliptic, obtuse or rounded at

the apex, rounded or slightly narrowed at the base, rigidly coria-

ceous, densely hirsute, becoming glabrous with age ; heads sessile,

terminal, solitary, 4-54 lin. long, 6-9 lin. in diam.; involucral

bracts 3-4 lin. long, lanceolate to oblong, obtuse, pilose, ciliate ;

-perianth-segments joined at the base, at length becoming free, 4 lin.

long, linear, villous with long hairs ; limb ? lin. long, oblong, sub-

acute, villous; anthers sessile, } lin. long, linear; apical gland

1 lin. long, ovate, obtuse ; ovary } lin. long, oblong in outline, pubes-

cent ; style 43 lin. long, filiform, very shortly pubescent on the lower

half; stigma } lin. long, cylindric, obtuse. Mimetes thymeleoides,

R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 109 ; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii.

382; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 265. Leucadendron thymeleoides,

Berg. in Vet. Acad. Handl. Stockh, 1766, 324; Berg. Deser, Fl. Cap.19.

Protea thymeleoides, Poir. Encyel. Suppl.iv. 568, P. pubera, Thunb.

652 PROTEACEH (Phillips & Hutchinson). — [ Diastella.

Diss. Prot. 43, partly; Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 140. P. divaricata,

Willd. ea Meisn. lc. P. villosa, Jacq. ex Meisn. L.c.

Sovra Arrica: without locality, Oldenburg! Thunberg (var. 8 of his.

Herbarium) ! Groendahl ! Sparrman ! Robertson! Herb. Forsyth! & Herb. Salisbury,

at Kew!

Coast Recion: Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek Mountains, Burchell, 8125!

between Houw Hoek and Palmiet River, Burchell, 8169 !

2. D. serpyllifolia (Knight, Prot. 62); a decumbent shrub, 3-4

ft. high; branches pilose; leaves 2-9 lin. long, 14-3 lin. broad,

suborbicular, elliptic, oblong or lanceolate, obtuse, rounded or

narrowed to the base, flat, pilose, ciliate; heads sessile, 3-5 lin.

long, many-flowered, terminal, solitary or very rarely 3-nate at the.

ends of the branches ; involucral bracts 2—3-seriate, 24-5 lin. long,

oblong, linear to ovate, obtuse or acuminate, pubescent, ciliate ;

perianth-segments 23-34 lin. long, linear, villous; limb 3—? lin.

long, oblong-linear, subobtuse, shortly villous ; anthers subsessile,

} lin. long ; filament fused with the perianth ; apical gland lanceolate,

yo—} lin. long ; ovary 4-} lin. long, pubescent ; style 23-3} lin. long,

filiform, pubescent in the lower half or near the base ; stigma }—} lin.

long, cylindric, obtuse. D. vacciniifolia, Knight, Prot. 63. Leuca-

dendron divaricatum, Berg. in Vet. Acad. Handl. Stockh. 1766, 324 ;

Berg. Descr. Pl. Cap. 19. Protea divaricata, Linn. Mant. 194 ;

Thunb. Diss. Prot. 58; Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. xiv. 142; Lam. Iil.

i, 235; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 533; Poir. Encyel. v. 643; Thunb. Fi.

Cap. ed. Schultes, 140. Mimetes divaricata, R. Br. in Trans. Linn.

Soc. x. 111; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 383; Meisn. in DC.

Prodr. xiv. 265. M. parviflora, Klotzschin Krauss, Beitr. Fl. Cap-

und Natal. 141; Klotzsch in Flora, 1845, 77. M. intermedia, Buek

ex Meisn. in DC. Prodr, xiv. 265.

Soutu Arrica: without locality, Nelson! Masson! Thunberg! Brown! Mund!

Gueinzius !

Coast REGION: Cape Div.; mountains near Kalk Bay, Bolus, 2906! near Cape

Town, Niven, 45! Bolus! Klaver Vley, Wolley-Dod, 300! near Simons Town, Wright!

Jameson! Pappe! Milne, 187! MacGillivray, 635! Bolus in Herb. Norm, Aust.-

Afr. 303 ! Schlechter, 312! Red Hill, Wolley-Dod, 1833! Jameson! Smitswinkel Bay,

Bolus in Herb, Norm, Austr.-Afr, 302! Wolley-Dod, 2737! Phillips, 519! False

Bay, Robertson! Caledon Div. ; Houw Hoek, Pappe ! Zeyher, 3694! Galpin, 4477 !

_ This appears to be an extremely variable species. In Zeyher, 3694 (Mimetes

intermedia, Buek), the leaves are oblong and attenuated at the base and the involucral

bracts very acuminate, whilst in a specimen of typical Mimetes divaricata, R. Br.

( Wolley-Dod, 1833), the leaves are suborbicular, rounded at the base and the

involucral bracts oblong and very obtuse. Between these two forms, however,

almost every intermediate stage occurs.—E. P. P.

3. D. myrtifolia (Knight, Prot. 63) ; a bushy shrub, 7-8 ft. high ;

branches shortly and thinly villous; leaves }—-1 in. long, 1—2 lin.

broad, linear or linear-lanceolate, with a broad very obtuse callus

coriaceous, pilose ; heads sessile, 4—6 lin. long, about 5 lin. in diam. ;

Diastella.| | PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). 653

involucral bracts up to 4 lin. long, ?-14 lin. broad, the outer oblong,

obtuse, pubescent, ciliate ; the intermediate ones ovate-lanceolate,

the innermost linear, villous; perianth-segments connate at the

base, soon becoming quite free, 3 lin. long, linear, attenuated to the

base, villous with long hairs; limb # lin. long, lanceolate, acute,

villous ; anthers sessile, $ lin. long, oblong ; apical glands } lin.

long, ovoid, obtuse; ovary 4 lin. long, very minutely pubescent ;

style 34 lin. long, terete, filiform, gradually tapering to the apex, very

minutely pubescent at the base, otherwise glabrous; stigma } lin.

long, cylindric, obtuse. Protea myrtifolia, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 41 ;

Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. xiv. 141; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 530; Potr. Encycl.

v. 641; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 137. Mimetes myrtifolia, var. B,

R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 110; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii.

382; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 265,

Sourn AFRICA: without locality, Oldenburg! Auge! Thunberg! Masson !

Roxburgh! Brown !

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div.; by the river near Tulbagh (Roode Zand),

Niven, 36! Ceres Road, Schlechter, 9085 !

4. D. parilis (Knight, Prot. 62) ; a small shrub 1-3 ft. high ; stem

simple; branches pubescent or villous; leaves }—I1 in. long, 13-

24 lin. broad, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse with an entire or

trifid callous apex, a little narrowed to the base, coriaceous, some-

times subdistinctly 3-5-nerved, more or less thinly villous ; heads

sessile, 4-6 lin. long, $—} in. in diam. ; involucral bracts about } in.

long, ovate or lanceolate, acutely acuminate, the outer adpressed-

pilose outside, the intermediate more glabrescent and densely ciliate ;

innermost bracts linear, densely villous ; perianth-segments nearly

free, 4 lin. long, linear-filiform, villous with long hairs ; limb # lin.

long, narrowly lanceolate, acute, villous ; anthers sessile, } lin. long,

elliptic ; apical gland } lin, long, ovate, subobtuse ; ovary § lin.

long, oblong, pubescent ; style 4} lin. long, filiform, terete, gradually

narrowed to the apex, pubescent at the base, persistent ; stigma

1 lin. long, cylindric, subobtuse, furrowed ; fruit 3} lin. long,

ellipsoid, glabrous, reticulate. Mimetes myrtifolia, var. a, R. Br.

in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 110; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iti. 382 ;

Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 265. Leucospermum parile, Knight ex

Loud. Encycl. Pl. 82.

Sourn Arrica: Without locality, Brown!

Coast REGion : Tulbagh Div. ; between New Kloof and Elands Kloof, Drége!

Ceres Road, Schlechter, 9085! Great Winter Hoek, .Viven.

R. Brown made two varieties of his Mimetes myrtifolia, both of which I have

seen at the British Museum. His var. a is the same as Drége’s specimen, a small

shrub 14 in, high, his var. 8 equals Diastella myrtifolia, Knight (Niven, 36), a

bushy shrub 7-8 ft. high. These two plants are undoubtedly distinct species, and

Knight recognised them os such.—E. P. P.

5. D. ericefolia (Knight, Prot. 64); a shrub with decumbent

pilose branches ; leaves 3-7 lin. long, ericoid, with a blunt callous

654 PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). [Diastello.

apex or very shortly mucronate, channelled or concave on the upper

surface, glabrous or sometimes scantily pilose ; heads sessile, 25-4

lin. long, solitary, terminal; involucral bracts 3—4-seriate, the

outer small, ovate, obtuse or acuminate, shortly pubescent, the

inner 2-3} lin. long, lanceolate, acuminate, subacute, all ciliate ;

perianth-segments free to the base, but often cohering for some time

at the apex (limb), 24~3 lin. long, linear, pilose ; limb $ lin. long,

oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, glabrous ; anthers sessile, } in. long,

linear ; ovary } lin. long, oblong, pubescent; style 3 lin. long,

filiform, terete, gradually tapering to the apex, glabrous ; stigma.

1 Jin, long, cylindric, subobtuse. Leucadendron proteoides, Linn, Sp.

Pl. ed. i. 91; Berg. in Vet. Acad. Handl. Stockh. 1766, 326, Deser.

Pl. Cap. 24. Protea purpurea, Linn. Mant. 195; Thunb. Diss. Prot.

28; Prodr. 26; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 518; Poir. Encycl. v. 654 ; Thunb.

Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 129. P. salsaloides, Thunb. ea Meisn. in DC.

Prodr. xiv. 266. Mimetes purpurea, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x.

111; Roem, & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 383 ; Meisn. l.c., incl. vars. ; O.

Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iti. 278. M. homomalla, Reichenb. f. ex Meisn.

lc. M. Buekii, Gandog. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xlviii. p. xciii.

SoutrH Arrica: without locality, Nelson! Thunberg! Forster! Sparrman!

Ecklon & Zeyher, 78! Thom! Sieber, 95! 189! Wahlberg !

Coast Rreeion: Malmesbury Div.; Paarde Berg, Masson! Paarl Div. ;

between Mosselbanks River and Berg River, Burchell, 979! French Hoek,

Schlechter, 9229! Cape Div. ; Cape Flats, Burchell, 217! Niven! Bowie! Drége!

Ecklon, 529! Zeyher, 1477! Pappe! Bolus, 2905! Schlechter, 182! Wolley-Dod,

617! Wahlberg! Schmieterlich, 185! Stellenbosch Diy.; near Eerste River,

Bolus, 2905! between Stellenbosch and Cape Flats, Burchell, 8346! between

Tiger Berg and Simons Berg, Drége !

Imperfectly known species.

6. D. humifusa (Knight, Prot. 63) ; stems prostrate ; leaves } lin.

broad, } in. long, smooth, flower-heads narrow.

Coast Recton: Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, Roxburgh.

This is probubly a mere form of D. ericefolia, Knight.

X. SERRURIA, Salish.

Flowers hermaphrodite, actinomorphic. Perianth-segments free or

slightly connate at the base, usually villous or hirsute, rarely

glabrous, differentiated into a slender claw and a short subacute

more or less oblong limb, the posticous limb often glabrous or more

shortly pubescent than the three others. Stamens 4 ; anthers oblong,

sessile, shorter than the limb and inserted at its base ; connective

rarely slightly produced. Hypogynous scales present or absent,

filiform. Ovary sessile or very shortly stipitate, villous or pubescent ;

style slender, straight, glabrous or rarely pubescent in the lower

part ; stigma subclavate or cylindric, epapillose, mostly slightly

Serruria. | PROTEACE& (Phillips & Hutchinson). 655

longitudinally grooved, gradually tapering into the style. Ovule 1,

laterally attached in the middle or slightly above. Nut ovoid or

subglobose, sometimes beaked by the persistent style-base.

Leafy shrubs; branches erect or prostrate ; leaves usually crowded, often much

dissected into cylindric acute segments, rarely entire; flower-heads in terminal

corymbs or panicles on a common peduncle or solitary on simple axillary and

terminal peduncles ; heads often with a small involucre of barren bracts ; floral

bracts mostly villous, usually shorter than the flowers; receptacle conical or

subglobose, mostly hairy,

Distris. About 50 species, confined to the South-Western region.

Section 1. PxLerocepHaLa. Flower-heads racemose, paniculate or corymbose

on a common peduncle,

Perianth-limb glabrous ; stigma ovoid-globuse ... ... (1) meisneriana.

Perianth-limb hairy (nearly glabrous in 14, Burmannii) ;

stigma cylindric or subclavate, rarely ellipsoid :

Heads supported by a long common peduncle, usually

much exserted from the leaves :

Stems procumbent; leaves evenly distributed and

given off more or less at right angles; perianth

shortly pubescent or long-villous:

Perianth very shortly pubescent ... ant ... (2) hyemailis.

Perianth densely villous with rather coarse long

haiti x. eae 266 : a ... (8) flagellaris.

Stems erect; leaves evenly arranged or in pseudo-

whorls, always given off at an acute angle ;

perianth shortly villous with rather closely ad-

pressed hairs :

Leaves clustered in pseudo-whorls around the base

of the peduncle ; floral bracts glabrous ... (4) elongata.

Leaves more or less evenly distributed along the

stems; floral bracts pubescent or almost

villous... vee ta en fu --- (5) Leipoldtii.

Heads supported by a very short common peduncle,

always more or less enclosed or clasped by the

leaves :

*Ultimate peduncles with a solitary bract at the

base or one or two towards the apex, otherwise

ebracteate :

Leaves large and stout, ultimate segments nearly

3 lin. thick; petiole nearly 1 lin. broad;

primary branches of the inflorescence rather

elongated see tH is ae :.. (6) anethifolia.

Leaves usually small, segments about } lin.

(rarely 4) thick; petiole almost filifornt;

primary branches of the inflorescence mostly

rather short :

Mature leaves glabrous or rarely thinly and

spreadingly pilose :

Bracts and ultimate peduncles glabrous, the

former strongly ribbed... aah ... (7) Bolusii.

Bracts and ultimate peduncles more or less

hairy, the former not or only slightly

ribbed :

+Perianth-limb hirsute or villous :

Heads 5-8-flowered :

656 PROTEACE# (Phillips & Hutchinson). = [ Serrwria.

Perianth-limb shortly adpressed and

more or less silvery-hirsute :

Ultimate peduncles very short and

thick (8) adscendens.

Ultimate peduncles long and slender (9) Knightii.

Perianth-limb long rusty-villous ... (10) pauciflora.

Heads 15-25-flowered :

Perianth-limb shortly hirsute with ad- j

pressed hairs me tis ve (11) subsericea.

Perianth-limb long-villous with more

or less spreading hairs :

Branches villous or long-pilose ;

bracts at the base of the

ultimate peduncles villous in

the lower part ... ict ... (12) biglandulosa,

Branches puberulous or shortly pu-

bescent ; bracts at the base of

the ultimate peduncles nearly j

glabrous... #i was ... (13) Kraussii.

¢tPerianth-limb glabrous or nearly so ... (14) Burmannii.

Mature leaves permanently covered with a dense :

silvery adpressed indumentum _.... ... (15) candicans.

**Ultimate peduncles covered with several imbricate

pustulate purplish bracts... es wet ... (16) glomerata.

Section 2. MonocerHaLx. Flower-heads solitary on a simple axillary or

terminal peduncle.

*Stems usually procumbent, rarely erect ; leaves of the

annual flowering shoots simple or trifurcate, only

those towards the base rarely pinnate or bipinnate :

Perianth-limb glabrous ; stigma much thicker than the

style ... ce ‘ts ae iis is .-» (17) flagellifolia.

Perianth-limb villous or tomentose ; stigma usually

not much thicker than the style:

Claw and lower part of limb of the perianth-segments

glabrous o A ee 5 ... (18) trilopha.

Claw and limb of the perianth-segments hairy

over :

Bracts lanceolate or subulate-lanceolate, very

villous ; stems subsimple, procumbent, giving

off the leaves more or less at right angles :

Branches and petioles pilose with long weak

hairs ; leaf-segments thick ... --» (19) pinnata.

Branches and petioles glabrous ; leaf-segments

slender oh ye een ‘ ... (20) gracilis.

Bracts acuminate from a rounded or ovate

membranous base, villous or glabrescent ;

stems subsimple, prostrate or ascending :

Outer bracts villous, 2 lin. broad or Jess:

Branches diffuse; leaves slender, rarely

simple ie Pas Ae vis ... (21) diffusa.

Branches erect; leaves stouter, mostly :

Wimp es tees eae, aes ee

Serruria.| | PROTEACEZ (Phillips & Hutchinson). 657

Outer bracts glabrous outside, 3-4 lin. broad ... (40) emula,

var. heterophylla.

Bracts conspicuously ribbed and glabrous or subu-

late and long-ciliate, but otherwise glabrous ;

stems ascending, much-branched :

Bracts very narrow and long-ciliate, not ribbed (23) ciliata.

Bracts ovate-lanceolate, glabrous, with 3-4

prominent ribs along the back... -» (24) nervosa.

**Stems erect or ascending, very rarely procumbent ; leaves

of the annual flowering shoots pinnate or bipinnate,

never simple and only rarely a few trifureate :

Leaves permanently silky-silvery adpressed-tomentose :

Heads 2 and _ subsessile ; eee oo in the

lower half . ee ; -- (25) Dodii.

Heads clustered and feieeimeiancas ; ee glabrous :

Peduncle $ in. long .. ay : ae .. (26) argentifolia.

Peduncle 1-14 in. long eis ce sine .. (27) Aitoni.

Leaves glabrous or thinly pilose with long weak otis.

ing hairs :

Style hairy in the lower $ or 3 or in the middle 4:

Heads solitary, terminal, sessile ; style hairy only

in the middle third... Be ee .. (28) brevifolia.

Heads several together, or if solitary then long-

pedunculate ; style hairy in the lower $ or 3:

Indumentum of the perianth short and

adpressed :

Leaves 3-1} in. JOG. thick, divided almost

from the base i tf .. (29) flava.

Leaves usually larger, more slender and with

longer ultimate segments, divided in the

upper half or two-thirds ... oe ... (30) acrocarpa.

Indumentum of the perianth long-villous :

Leaves divided from or very near the base,

narrowly ovate in outline when spread

Outs Be, ge re ep ... (31) longipes.

Leaves divided from considerably above the

base, more or less fan-shaped in outline (32) artemisiefolia.

Style glabrous :

Heads solitary and sessile or subsessile at the apex

of each branch or leafy lateral branchlet, or if

shortly pedunculate then more or less clasped

at the base by the leaves:

Limb of the posticous perianth-segment glabrous

or very minutely pubescent, or villous some-

times in 35, millefolia :

Leaves divided more or less in the upper

half :

Leaves 1-14 in. long ; heads large, pra

and densely flowered ... . (33) hirsuta.

Leaves 3-1 in. long; heads small, few- and

lax flowered... oe te .. (84) ventricosa.

Leaves divided almost from the oR bet

small ee bee . (35) "en

VOL. V.—SECT. I.

658 PROTEACESE (Phillips & Hutchinson). — [Serrurta.

Limb of the posticous perianth-segment as hairy

or almost as hairy as the others (see also 35,

millefolia) ; leaves divided in the upper

half or two-thirds :

Heads sessile or subsessile :

Heads with no distinct involucre of barren

outer bracts, usually hidden by the

‘Jeaves ; indumentum of perianth-claw

much shorter than that of limb ... (36) vallaris.

Heads with a distinct involucre of barren

outer bracts; indumentum of claw :

the same as that of the limb ... ... (37) rostellaris.

Heads distinctly pedunculate wit ... (38) eyanoides.

Heads several and more or less corymbose towards

the apex of each shoot, or if solitary then fairly

long-pedunculate :

Outer .bracts large and broad, (white ’), con-

siderably longer than the flowers, glabrous

and not ciliate ie sie oF ... (39) florida.

Outer bracts usually small and narrow, if broad

(see 40, emula and 41, scariosa) then ciliate

or villous:

Leaves usually well over 1 in. long:

Stems erect or ascending; outer bracts

about } in. broad, with a broad mem-

branous margin :

Indumentum of perianth long-villous ... (40) #mula.

Indumentum of perianth very short ... (41) scariosa.

Stems erect; bracts narrow, with narrow

membranous margins or not mem-

branous :

Peduncles glabrous or nearly so, covered

with numerous narrow bracts :

Limb clothed with short adpressed

hairs ; bracts long-ciliate or glab-

rous and pustulate outside :

Bracts long-ciliate, linear or subulate (23) ciliata,

- var. congesta.

Bracts glabrous or nearly so, ovate or

lanceolate ey as ... (42) foeniculacea.

Limb clothed with very long spreading

hairs; bracts very shortly or

scarcely ciliate... ai ... (43) barbigera.

Peduncles tomentose, scarcely bracteate (44) fucifolia.

Stems prostrate :

- Bracts on the peduncle scattered ; heads

distributed along the branches... (45) eygnea.

Bracts on the peduncle imbricate ; head

solitary at the apex of each shoot ... (46) incrassata.

Leaves # in. long or less, rarely 1 in.:

Leaves filiform ; heads crowded, subsessile (47) Roxburghii.

Leaves stout ; heads solitary, pedunculate (48) callosa.

Serruria. | PROTEACEZ (Phillips & Hutchinson). 659

1. 8. meisneriana (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 108); stems

‘erect; branches terete, glabrous or minutely pubescent ; leaves

15-3} in. long, bipinnately divided in the upper ? or 2; ultimate

segments }#-1} in. long, cylindric, acutely or subacutely mucronate,

narrowly channelled on the upper surface, glabrous ; heads

numerous, corymbose on a long common peduncle, exserted from

the leaves ; peduncle 14-5 in. long, glabrous, bearing a few subulate

-or lanceolate acuminate acute bracts about 24 lin. long; primary

branches up to ? in. long; ultimate peduncles 3-5 lin. long, with a

solitary bract at the base of each; floral bracts 34-4} lin. long,

broadly ovate or suborbicular, with a broad membranous margin

-and a broad thick keel which passes into an abrupt short acumen ;

flowers straight in bud, with an ellipsoid limb; perianth-tube 2 lin.

long, glabrous; segments 3-4 lin. long, linear-spathulate, very

sparingly and shortly setulose ; limb 1 lin. long, } lin. broad, ovate-

-elliptic, obtuse or subobtuse, glabrous; anthers sessile, ellipsoid,

subacute; ovary }$—} lin. long, ellipsoid, densely villous; style

23-4 lin. long, subquadrangular, glabrous; stigma } lin. long,

-ellipsoid-globose, subobtuse, grooved. S. glaberrima, var. pinnata,

Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 284.

Coast Reaion: Cape Div.; mountains near Constantia, Schlechter, 542.

‘Caledon Div. ; Babylons Tower Mountains, Zeyher, 3700! Ecklon & Zeyher,

14! mountains between Houw Hoek and Bot River, Pappe! mountains near Bot

River, Schlechter, 9442!

‘On Zeyher’s sheet of 3700 in the Stockholm Herbarium there are two species,

the middle and larger specimen being the true plant, whilst the remaining smaller

examples on each side of it are S. flagellifolia, Knight ; they probably belong to

his 3701 which is that species.

2. S. hyemalis (Knight, Prot. 84) ; stems prostrate, glabrous ;

leaves 2-5 in. long, entire or 2-3-furcate ; segments cylindric,

acutely mucronate, with a narrow groove on the upper surface,

glabrous ; heads few, crowded at the apex of a common terminal

peduncle, a little exserted from the leaves; peduncle ?-2 in. long,

slender, glabrous, bearing lanceolate-linear acute bracts 14-2 lin.

long ; ultimate peduncles 1-1} lin. long, stout, shortly pubescent ;

floral bracts up to 44 lin. long, broadly ovate, acuminate, glabrous

‘or very shortly and scantily pubescent ; flowers straight in bud ;

perianth-tube 24 lin. long, slightly inflated, ribbed, minutely

pubescent ; segments 6 lin. long, linear, very shortly adpressed-

‘pubescent ; limb 14 lin. long, oblong-lanceolate, subobtuse, sparingly

-adpressed-pubescent outside ; anthers 1} lin. long, linear ; ovary

3 lin. long, densely villous ; style 64 lin. long, linear, 4-angled,

glabrous ; stigma purple, 14 lin. long, linear, subobtuse, furrowed,

very slightly bent at the junction with the style. S$. decumbens,

R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 126; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg.

iti. 372; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 294. Protea decumbens, Thunb.

Diss. Prot. 14, t. 1; Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. xiv. 136 ; Lam. Ill. i. 239 ;

2u 2

660 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). — [Serrwric.

Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 121. P. procumbens, Linn. fil. Suppl. 116.

Sout Arrica: without locality, Thunberg !

Coast Recion: Cape Div.; mountains near Simons Town, Wright, 624!

Pappe, 27! Fair in Herb. Bolus, 7948! False Bay, Roberts ! South-west of Slankop,

Wolley-Dod, 1801! Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland Mountains, Thunbery !

Thunb. Prodr. 25; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 506; Poir. Encycl. v. 657 ;

3. §. flagellaris (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 127); stems

decumbent, glabrous or sometimes pilose with a few scattered hairs ;

leaves 2-4 in. long, pinnately or bipinnately divided in the upper

half, sometimes slightly sheathing at the base, glabrous or rarely

thinly pilose ; segments terete and bluntly or subacutely mucronate ;,

heads very numerous, paniculate or corymbose on a-long and rather

stout common terminal peduncle, usually much exserted from the

leaves ; peduncle up to 2 in. long, bearing lanceolate-linear acute

bracts 3-5 lin. long; primary branches up to ? in. long ; ultimate

_ peduncles 1-2 lin. long, pubescent, with a solitary bract at the base

of each ; floral bracts 34-54 lin. long, ovate or suborbicular with a

long acute acumen, pubescent ; flowers erect in bud ; perianth-tube

1}-2} lin. long, nearly glabrous, soon splitting to the base ;

segments 43-5} lin. long, hirsute or villous with adpressed hairs ;

limb 1} lin. long, narrowly oblong, subacute, villous : outside ;.

anthers 1 lin. long, oblong-linear ; hypogynous scales } lin. long,

linear or filiform ; ovary }—3 lin. long, globose, shortly villous with

club-shaped hairs in the lower and slender ones in the upper part 5.

style 43-5} lin. long, grooved, glabrous; stigma 1 lin. long,

cylindric, subacute, gradually passing into the style or sometimes

with a faint kink at the junction. Roem. d Schultes, Syst. Veg.

iii. 373; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 294. Protea flagellaris, Poir.

Eneyel. Suppl. iv. 573.

Sovurn Arrica: without locality, Thom! Grey! Niven! Bergius, 269, Mund,

Ludwig. 7

Coast Recion: Cape Div. ; Muizenberg, Zeyher! Tabie Bay, Brown ! Simons

Bay, Roxburgh! Wright, 625! MacGillivray, 673! Milne, 32! Bolus, 4686! Fish

Hoek, Fair in Herb. Bolus, 7287 ! Elsje Peak, Wolley-Dod, 2865 !

4. S. elongata (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 132); stems erect

or ascending, glabrous ; leaves arranged in pseudowhorls at the base

of the peduncle, 2-5 in. long, bipinnately or more divided in the

upper } or 3, glabrous or the young ones sometimes villous ; ultimate

segments cylindric, obtusely mucronate, about 4 lin. thick ; heads.

numerous, paniculate or corymbose on a long common peduncle, far

exserted from the leaves; peduncle 6-12 in. long, glabrous ;

primary branches up to 21 in. long, mostly several-headed, with a

lanceolate acuminate acute bract 2—4 lin. long at the base of each ;.

ultimate peduncles 4—6 lin. long, glabrous, not or scarcely bracteate ;

floral bracts purplish, about 3 lin. long and 14 lin. broad, with a

suborbicular basal part and a thick midrib ending in a mucro,

glabrous ; flowers straight in bud; perianth-tube 1} lin. long,.

Serruria.| PROTEACE® (Phillips & Hutchinson). 661

glabrous, soon splitting to the base; segments 31-4 lin. long,

spathulate-linear, shortly adpressed-villous ; limb 1 lin. long,

narrowly oblong, subacute, villous; anthers } lin. long, linear ;

ovary 4 lin. long, villous; style 34 lin. long, cylindric, glabrous ;

stigma 3 lin. long, oblong or subclavate, obtuse, slightly swollen at

the junction with the style; fruit 1 lin. long, more or less ellipsoid,

shortly beaked and stipitate, rusty-setose. Roem. & Schultes, Syst.

Veg. iii. 377; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 297. 8S. crithmifolia,

Knight, Prot. 83; R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 132. Leucadendron

elongatum, Berg. in Vet. Acad. Handl. Stockh. 1766, 327 ; Berg. Descr.

Pl. Cap. 27. Protea glomerata, Thunb. Diss, Prot. 18 ; Willd. Sp.

Pl. i. 509. P. thyrsoides, Lam, Iil. i. 2402; Poir. Encyel. v. 660%

P. helvola, Willd. ex Meisn. l.c. name only.

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Thunberg! Niven! Ludwig!

Coast Reeion: Clanwilliam Div.; Alexanders Hoek, Schlechter, 5130; Paarl

Div. ; mountains around French Hoek, MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 912!

Caledon Div.; mountains of Klein River Kloof, Zeyher, 3702! Houw Hoek,

Schlechter, 5493! 5510! Baviaans Kloof near Genadendaal, Burchell, 7709! 7831.

Genadendaal, Pappe! mountains near Hermanus, Galpin, 4473! Zwart Berg,

Pappe! Bredasdorp Div. ; near Elim, Schlechter, 9648! Bolus, 8590!

5. 8. Leipoldtii (Phillips & Hutchinson) ; a small shrub less than

1 ft. high ; branches erect, glabrous ; leaves 24-4 in. long, simple or

pinnately or bipinnately divided in the upper half, glabrous ;

segments very acutely mucronate, slightly furrowed on the upper

surface, about } lin. thick ; heads few in a corymbose raceme on a

long slender terminal common peduncle, exserted from the leaves ;

peduncle 24-3 in. long, glabrous; ultimate peduncles up to 1} in. long,

adpressed-pubescent towards the apex, with a discoid swelling and

an articulation where it falls off at the base; bracts at the base of

each peduncle about 2 lin. long, glabrous; floral bracts 2}-3 in.

long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, subacute, with a flat glandular

surface at the apex, recurved, pubescent or tomentose or the outer

nearly glabrous ; perianth-tube 1} lin. long, soon splitting to the

base, glabrous; segments 5 lin. long, spathulate-linear, adpressed-

tomentose ; limb 1 lin. long, elliptic, subacute, adpressed-tomentose ;

anthers # lin. long ; ovary 1 lin. long, ellipsoid, villous ; style 3} lin.

long, glabrous; stigma } lin. long, subcylindric, somewhat acute,

strongly sinuate at the junction with the style. S. elongata? Dreége,

Zwei Pf. Documente, 74, 221, not of R. Br.; Meisn. in DC. Prodr,

xiv. 297. S. triternata, var., Drége ex Meisn. l.c.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Drége, 8073, partly !

Coast Reaion: Clanwilliam Div. ; along the banks of the Tratra River, near

Wupperthal, Leipoldt, 644! and in Herb. Bolus, 9384! Ezels Bank, Drége !

6. S. anethifolia (Knight, Prot. 84); an erect shrub 2-3 ft. high ;

branches glabrous ; leaves 24-5} in. long, pinnately or bipinnately

divided in the upper $ or 3, glabrous when mature ; segments

terete, with an acute oblique callous apex, about } lin. thick,

662 PROTEACE® (Phillips & Hutchinson). [Serrwria.

furrowed on the upper surface ; heads many-flowered, numerous, in

a rather dense corymb up to 4 in. broad on a common peduncle,

scarcely exserted from the leaves ; branches and ultimate peduncles

pubescent or tomentose, the latter }—1 in. long, with a solitary bract

and a discoid swelling where it articulates at the base ; floral bracts

11 lin. long, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute and shortly pointed,

pubescent ; perianth-tube 1-1} lin. long, glabrous, soon splitting to:

the base; segments 3-4 lin. long, spathulate-linear, acute, villous.

with adpressed white hairs ; limb } lin, long, villous ; anthers $ lin.

long ; ovary 3—1 lin. long, subglobose, densely villous ; style 14-2}

lin. long, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, ellipsoid or subovoid, obtuse.

S. triternata, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 131; Roem. & Schultes,.

Syst. Veg. iii. 376; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 297. 8. tridentata,

D. Dietr. Syn. i. 520 (by error). S. argentiflora, Buek in Drege, Zwei

Pfl. Documente, 77, 221. Protea triternata, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 18 ;.

Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. xiv. 136; Thunb. Prodr. 25 ; Willd. Sp. Pl.

i. 509; Poir. Encyel. v. 660; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 123.

P. argentiflora, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 447. P. glomerata, Willd. ex

Meisn. L.c., partly.

SourH AFRICA: without locality, Auge! Oldenburg! Thunberg! Masson.

Coast Recion: Tuibagh Div.; near Tulbagh Waterfall, Roxburgh ! Ecklon \

Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr., 382! Pappe! Schlechter, 9002! Phillips, 523 !

between New Kloof and Elands Kloof, Drége! Zeyher; Roode Zand, Niven!

Winterhoek, near Tulbagh, Bolus, 4808!

7. 8. Bolusii (Phillips & Hutchinson); stems erect; branches:

glabrous ; leaves 3-14 in. long, pinnately or bipinnately divided in

the upper half, glabrous ; ultimate segments 4—6 lin. long, narrowly

cylindric, acutely mucronate ; heads 4-12, about 4 lin. long and in

diam., few-flowered, corymbose on a common peduncle; peduncle

about # in. long, bearing linear-lanceolate glabrous bracts about

24 lin. long which soon become strongly reflexed ; ultimate

peduncles 2-3 lin. long, glabrous, with a solitary bract at the base

of each ; floral bracts 1}—3 lin. long, ovate, long-acuminate, acute,

ribbed, glabrous or very minutely pubescent ; flowers curved in bud ;.

perianth-tube # lin. long, pubescent above, glabrous below ; segments

24-3 lin. long, shortly adpressed-hirsute ; limb 3-1 lin. long, oblong,

subacute, adpressed-hirsute ; anthers ? lin. long ; hypogynous scales

4-3 lin. long, filiform ; ovary }—} lin. long, ellipsoid, covered with

long white hairs ; style 3-34 lin. long, swollen and articulated at the

base, glabrous; stigma 3—} lin. long, cylindric, obtuse, furrowed ;

fruit 24 lin. long, oblong-ellipsoid, beaked, villous.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Thom, 787 !

poregeis Reaton : Bredasdorp Div. ; near Elim, Schlechter, 9651, partly! Bolus,

8. S. adscendens (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 127); branches

prostrate or ascending, purplish, glabrous or pubescent ; leaves

1-21 in. long, bipinnately divided in the upper half or third,

glabrous; ultimate segments 2-5 lin. long, narrowly cylindric,

Serruria,| | PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). 663

subobtusely mucronate; heads numerous in a dense raceme or

corymbose panicle on a common peduncle, enclosed by or only

slightly exserted from the leaves, 6—8-flowered ; peduncle up to

3 in. long, pubescent ; ultimate peduncles very short and thick, up

to 14 lin. long, with a solitary ovate-lanceolate purple glabrescent

bract about 2 lin. long at the base of each ; floral bracts 24-3 lin.

long, ovate, acutely acuminate, at length recurved, pubescent ;

flowers curved in bud; perianth-tube }-1} lin. long, glabrous ;

segments 31-4 lin. long, adpressed-tomentose ; limb 2-1} lin. long,

oblong-elliptic, subacute, tomentose ; anthers }-1 lin. long ; hypo-

ous scales } lin. long, filiform; ovary 4 lin. long, villous ; style

about 34 lin. long, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, subclavate, obtuse.

Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 373 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 294.

S. rubricaulis, R. Br. lc. 128, exel. syn. Thunb. ; Roem. & Schultes,

Le. ; Meisn.l.c. S. compar, R. Br. lc. 129 ; Roem. & Schultes, l.c. 375 ;

Meisn. l.c. 295. Protea adscendens, Lam. Ill. i. 239 ; Poir. Encycl.

vy. 658; Steud. Nomencl. ed. 2, ii. 399. P. compar, Poir. Encyel.

Suppl. iv. 574.

Var. B, decipiens (Hutchinson); branches roughly villous; heads crowded

and very shortly pedunculate or subsessile ; racts roughly hairy. S. decipiens,

R. Br. 1c. 129 ; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii, 374 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv.

295, incl. vars. S. glomerata, Meisn. l.c. 294, as to syn. Thunb. Protea patula,

Thunb. Diss. Prot. 16; Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 122; Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. xiv. 136.

Sour AFRica: without locality, Thom, 421! Ludwig! Gueinzius! Var: B:

Sieber |

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div. ; between Kromme River and Berg Valley,

Drege! Piquetberg Div. ; Piquet Berg, Drége, 8073 partly! Schlechter, 5184!

Caledon Div. ; mountains of Klein River Kloof, Zeyher, 3703! Donker Hoek

mountain, Burchell, 7942! near Hermanus, Bolus, 9896 ! Galpin, 4475! Bot River,

Schlechter, 9436! Var. 6: Malmesbury Div.; near Groene Kloof (Mamre),

Bolus, 48271! between Groene Kloof and Dassenberg, Drége, 8074a! Zwartland,

Zeyher, 3711! Caledon Div. ; Bot River, Schlechter, 9443 !

9. 8. Knightii (Hutchinson) ; a much-branched shrub about 3 ft.

high ; branches diffuse, purplish, thinly pilose or puberulous,

becoming at length nearly glabrous; leaves slender, up to 2} in.

long, bipinnately divided in the upper 1 or 3, thinly pilose or

glabrous; ultimate segments up to 3 in. long, subulate or

almost filiform, very acute; heads usually very numerous, in

a broad corymb on a short common peduncle, enclosed by the

leaves, individual heads about 4 lin. long, 5-7-flowered ;_ ulti-

mate peduncles }—} in. long, slender, densely pubescent, with a

solitary subulate pubescent bract about 2 lin. long at the base of

each; floral bracts more or less ovate, with a gland-tipped

glabrescent acumen, villous, about 1} lin. long; flowers slightly

curved in bud; perianth-tube about ? lin. long, pilose ; segments

24 lin. long, linear-filiform, shortly adpressed-tomentose ; limb } lin.

long, elliptic, subacute, tomentose ; anthers 3 lin. long; ovary

pubescent ; style 2} lin. long, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, sub-

clavate, somewhat acute; fruit about 2 lin. long, obovoid, shortly

664 PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson) [ Serruria.

villous in the upper half. §. fasciflora, Knight, Prot. 85% ewel. all

syns. except part of Thunb. Protea Serraria, var. 1, Thunb. Diss.

Prot. 18, not of Linn. ; Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 123.

SourH Arrica : without locality, Thom, 597! Thunberg !

_ Coast Reaton: Tulbagh Div. ; near Mitchells Pass, Bolus, 5256! 5257! near

Tulbagh, Schlechter, 7474! Pappe! Worcester Div., Cooper, 1616! Brand Vley,

Schlechter, 9925! Stellenbosch Div. ; mountains of Lowrys Pass, Burchell, 8286!

Caledon Div. ; Zwart Berg, Schlechter, 9774! between Caledon and Elim, Bolus,

7865! Bredasdorp Div.; Elim, Schlechter, 9644! Swellendam Div.; between

Zuurbraak and Buffeljagts River Drift, Burchell, 7270/1! between Swellendam

and Buffeljagts River, Zeyher, 3710! Riversdale Div. ; between Garcias Pass and

Krombeks River, Burchell, 7176! Div. ? Ruyterbosch, Britten, 138 !

10. 8. pauciflora (Phillips & Hutchinson); branches pilose with

long hairs or sometimes only shortly pubescent; leaves 14-3 in.

long, bipinnately divided in the upper half, glabrous; ultimate

segments up to 1 in. long, terete, very acute ; heads corymbose on

a short common peduncle, more or less enclosed by the leaves, about

3 lin. long and in diam., 5—7-flowered ; ultimate peduncles 2—4 lin.

long, tomentose, with a solitary bract at the base of each ; floral

bracts 1}-2 lin. long, ovate, sharply acuminate, densely pilose or

villous below the acumen ; flowers erect in bud; perianth-tube

} lin. long, pilose, glabrous near the base ; segments 3-4 lin. long,

spreadingly villous; limb ? lin. long, elliptic-lanceolate, subacute,

villous; anthers 3-3 lin. long; hypogynous scales } lin. long,

filiform ; ovary villous; style about 3 lin. long, glabrous; stigma

3-» lin. long, oblong, obtuse. S. compar, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv.

295, as to Zeyher, 3712, not of R. Br.

SovrH Arrica: without locality, Thom, 575! Niven (in Stockholm Herbarium) !

. Soaps ReEGIoN : Caledon Div. ; mountains of Klein River Kloof, Zeyher, 3712!

appe!

11. 8. subsericea (Hutchinson); branches purplish, pilose or

subvillous, at length becoming nearly glabrous; leaves 4-1} in.

long, bipinnately divided in the upper } or 3, thinly pilose or

glabrous ; ultimate segments }-} in. long, acutely mucronate ;

heads corymbose on a common peduncle, 2—4 lin. long, 15-25-

flowered ; peduncle }~-} in. long, tomentose ; ultimate peduncles

with a solitary linear or subulate pubescent gland-tipped bract

about 1 lin. long at the base of each ; floral bracts $—1} lin. long,

ovate, acuminate, acute, pilose or hirsute ; flower-buds slender and

slightly incurved at the apex ; perianth-tube 3 lin. long, glabrous ;

segments 2} lin. long, almost filiform, shortly adpressed-hirsute ;

limb } lin. long, linear-oblanceolate, hirsute; anthers } lin. long ;

ovary obovoid, pubescent; style } in. long, filiform, glabrous ;

stigma } lin. long, narrowly clavate ; fruits obovoid, shortly villous.

Serruria Burmanni, var. B, R. Br. in Journ. Linn. Soe. x. 131.

S. Burmanni, var. subsericea, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 296, excl.

Drege, 8070a. 8. candicans, Drége ex Meisn. lc. S. Burmanni,

b & d, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pf. Documente, 83, 119, 221.

Serruria.| | PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). 665

Serraria Serraria, var. subsericea, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. 2,

280. Leucadendron Serraria, var. B, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 93, excl.

syn. Burm.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Thunberg! Ludwig, Gueinzius! Harvey, 696 !

Drége, 8072! Armstrong !

Coast Reaion: Malmesbury Div.; between Klipfontein and Predikstoel,

Zeyher, 3699! near Groene Kloof, Bolus, 4326! Worcester Div.; Goudini,

Drége, b! Paarl Div.; Drakenstein Mountains, Drége, d! Cape Div.; near

Raapenberg Vley, Wolley-Dod, 2111! Cape Flats, Heklon, 754! Bolus, 2903!

Pappe! Gamble, 22162! Wynberg, Gamble, 22177!

12. S. biglandulosa (Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxiv. 451) ;

branches villous, at length becoming pilose ; leaves 1}—2} in. long,

bipinnately divided in the upper half, adpressed-pilose when young,

soon becoming glabrous ; segments terete, acutely mucronate ; heads

few, corymbose on a common terminal peduncle, enclosed by the leaves,

many-flowered, about } in. long and in diam. ; peduncle 3— in. long,

white-villous ; ultimate peduncles } in. long, with a solitary linear-

spathulate glabrescent bract at the base, white-villous ; floral bracts

2 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acutely acuminate, villous ; perianth-

tube 1 lin. long, glabrous, soon splitting to the base ; segments

2-21 lin. long, spathulate-linear, villous with spreading hairs ; limb

3 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, villous; anthers 4 lin. long ;

ovary villous; style 24-2? lin. long, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long,

cylindric, subobtuse ; fruit 1} lin. long, ellipsoid-globose, shortly

stipitate, sparingly pilose.

Coast Reaton: Stellenbosch Div. ; Lowrys Pass, Schlechter, 7258 !

13. S. Kraussii (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 296); branches

puberulous ; leaves 2-3 in. long, bipinnately divided in the upper 3,

glabrous ; ultimate segments 3-6 lin. long, with an acute callous

apex; heads several, subcorymbose on a very short common

peduncle, clasped by the leaves, about 4 lin. long and in diam.,

20-30-flowered ; peduncle }—} in. long, tomentose, bearing one or

two subulate very acute bracts 2-2} lin. long ; ultimate peduncles

up to 4 lin. long, tomentose, with a solitary bract at the base ; flowers

straight in bud; floral bracts ovate, villous ; perianth-tube 1 lin.

long, glabrous, soon splitting to the base ; segments 21 lin. long,

spathulate-linear, villous with spreading hairs ; limb 3 lin. long,

elliptic, acute, villous; anthers } lin. long, oblong; hypogynous

scales } lin. long, filiform ; ovary } lin. long, ellipsoid, villous with

long erect hairs; style 24 lin. long, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long,

oblong, obtuse.

South AFrrica: without locality or collector in Herb, Kew !

Coast ReGion: Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland, Ludwig! Gueinzius.

14. §. Burmanni (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 130, excl. var. £) ;

an erect shrub about 2 ft. high ; stem simple at the base, branched

666 PROTEACE& (Phillips & Hutchinson). [Serrwria.

above ; branches slender, pubescent ; leaves very slender, 1-1} in.

long, bipinnately divided in the upper 3, glabrous or thinly pilose ;.

ultimate segments up to 7 lin. long, almost filiform, very acute ;

heads mostly numerous, corymbose on a common peduncle, enclosed

by the leaves, about 15-flowered, nearly } in. Jong; ultimate

peduncles rather slender, up to } in. long, tomentose, with a solitary

subulate very acute glabrescent bract at the base of each; floral

bracts up to 2 lin. long, with a long linear acumen from an ovate

base or the inner subulate, glabrous or nearly so; perianth-tube

glabrous, soon splitting to the base ; segments 34 lin. long, filiform ;

claw very shortly setulose-pubescent ; limb ? lin. long, lanceolate,

subacute, glabrous or nearly so ; anthers } lin. long ; ovary ellipsoid,

glabrous ; style slender, 3 lin. long, glabrous; stigma slightly

clavate. Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iti. 375, excl. var. B ; Meisn. in

DC. Prodr. xiv. 296, excl. var. B and part of a. 8S. fasciflora, Knight,

Prot. 85, partly. S. Burmanni, var. vulgaris, Meisn. lc. S. foeniculacea,

Sieber, partly, ex Meisn. lc. 296, not of R. Br. Leucadendron

Serraria, vars. a and y, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 93; ed. ii. 137.

Protea Serraria, Linn. Mant. alt. 188 ; partly of his Herb. ; Willd.

Sp. Pl. i. 508, partly ; Lam. Ill. i. 240, partly; Poir. Encycl. v. 660,

partly.—Abrotanoides arboreum, etc., Pluk. Mant. 1, t. 329, fig. 1.

Abrotanum africanum foliis tenuissimis, ete., Seba, Thesaur. ii. 64,

t. 63, fig. 6. Serraria foliis tenuissime divisis, etc., Burm. Rar.

Afr, Pl. 264, t. 99, fig. i.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Thunberg! Thom! Pappe! Sieber, 10!

Drége, 8070a !

Coast Reoion: Paarl Div. ; between Mosselbanks River and Berg River,

Burchell, 976! Cape Div. ; Cape Flats between Cape Town and Simons Town,

Burchell, 8542! Simons Bay, Wright! Table Mountain, Bolus, 4729! between

Wynberg and Constantia, Burchell, 786! behind Wynberg Butts, Wolley-Dod,

609! Orange Kloof, Wolley-Dod, 826! Stellenbosch Div. ; between Stellenbosch

and Cape Flats, Burchell, 8366! near the River Eerste, Bolus, 4199! between Lowrys

Pass and Jonkers Hoek, Burchell, 8333 ! Caledon Div. ; Donker Hoek mountain,

Burchell, 7941! near Caledon, Bolus, 9916! Swellendam Div. ; hills of

Swellendam, Bowie! Riversdale Div. ; Garcias Pass, Galpin, 4474! Mossel Bay

Div. ; Attaquas Kloof, Gill! George Div. ; Montagu Pass, Schlechter, 5839 !

15. §. candicans (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 130); stems

erect ; branches rusty-villous when young, at length becoming

whitish-tomentose or pubescent ; leaves 1-14 in. long, bipinnately

divided in the upper }, very densely whitish adpressed-tomentose,

rusty-tomentose when young; ultimate segments terete, acutely”

mucronate ; heads several and corymbose on a short common

peduncle, enclosed by the leaves ; peduncle rusty-tomentose ; ultimate

peduncles about 2 lin. long, tomentose, with a solitary bract about

2 lin. long at the base of each; floral bracts 24 lin. long, ovate,

acuminate, with a flat glandular apex, villous outside ; flowers erect

in bud ; perianth-tube 1 lin. long, glabrous ; segments 34 lin. long,

pilose with spreading hairs ; limb 2 lin. long, oblong, subacute ;

anthers { lin. long, oblong ; style 3 lin. long, glabrous ; stigma }

Serruria.| | PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). 667

lin. long, subclavate ; fruit 2 lin. long, oblong, villous. Roem. &

Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii, 375 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 296.

SourH Arrica: without locality or collector in the British Museum Herbarium !

Coast Recton: Cape Div.; Paarde Berg, near Salt River, Zeyher! Pappe,

42! Caledon Div.; mountains of Baviaans Kloof near Genadendaal, Burchell,

7867 !

16. S. glomerata (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 128, excl. syn.

Thunb.) ; branches ascending, glabrous or sparingly pilose ; leaves

1-21 in. long, pinnately or bipinnately divided in the upper 3 or 3,

glabrous; ultimate segments 2—5 lin. long, narrowly cylindric,

acutely mucronate, furrowed on the upper surface ; heads densely

crowded and corymbose on a very short common terminal peduncle,.

enclosed by the upper leaves; ultimate peduncles up to 4 lin. long,

covered by ovate-lanceolate acute long-acuminate glabrous slightly

ciliate bracts 14-2} lin. long; floral bracts 2-2} lin. long, about

14 lin. broad, suborbicular or obovate, acuminate, pubescent, slightly

warted outside; perianth-tube pubescent ; segments 3} lin. long,

linear, adpressed-villous ; limb 1 lin. long, lanceolate-elliptic, sub-

acute, adpressed-villous ; anthers ? lin. long, oblong; ovary } lin.

long, globose, surrounded by numerous long hairs ; style 33-4 lin.

long, glabrous, swollen at the base ; stigma } lin. long, subclavate,.

obtuse. Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 374 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 293, excl. part of syn. S. rubricaulis, R. Br. Le. as to syn.

Thunb. S. feniculacea, Sieber, partly, ex Meisn. l.c. 294, not of R. Br.

Leucadendron glomeratum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed.ii. 137. Protea glomerata,

Linn. Mant. alt. 187 ; Syst. Veg. ed. xiv. 136. P. spheerocephala,

Thunb. Diss. Prot. 16; Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 122.—Serraria foliis

tenuissime divisis, etc., Burm. Rar. Afr. Pl. 265, t. 99, fig. 2.

Sourn AFRIca: without locality, Zhunberg! Ludwig! Oldenburg, 582!

Sieber, 188! Bergius, Zeyher! Rutherford !

Coast Recion: Cape Div. ; Constantia, Jameson! Cape Flats, Zeyher, 1476!

Pappe! Burchell, 213! 8578! Bolus, 4807 ! Gamble, 22412! Wynberg, Wallich!

Ludwig! Ecklon; Kommetjes, Galpin, 4476 ! Simons Bay, Wright, 627 !

17. 8. flagellifolia (Knight, Prot. 84); stems prostrate, slender,

subterete, glabrous ; internodes 1-1} in. long; leaves usually all

growing at right angles to the stem, 1-4 in. long, simple or 2—3-

furcate, rarely pinnately divided; segments terete except for a

narrow channel on the upper surface, about } lin. thick, acutely

- mucronate, glabrous ; heads solitary and axillary towards the end of

the shoots, pedunculate, 5-7 lin. long, 6—12-flowered ; peduncle

—1} in. long, glabrous, bearing a few ovate-lanceolate acuminate

acute glabrous bracts with membranous margins ; floral bracts 23-3}

lin. long, broadly ovate or suborbicular, obtuse or slightly acuminate,

glabrous ; flowers straight in bud; perianth-tube 1-1} lin. long,

glabrous ; segments 3 lin. long, glabrous or sparingly setulose in the

lower part ; limb 1 lin. long, 3 lin. broad, elliptic, subacute, glabrous ;

668 PROTEACE# (Phillips & Hutchinson). = [ Serrwria.

anthers } lin. long; ovary 1 lin. long, ellipsoid, long-villous ; style

24-3 lin. long, glabrous; stigma } lin. long, ellipsoid, obtuse.

S. glaberrima, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 112 ; Roem. & Schultes,

Syst. Veg. iii. 363 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 284, excl. var. Protea

glaberrima, Poir. Encyel. Suppl. iv. 569. P. decumbens, Willd. ex

Meisn. l.c., name only, not of Thunb.

Sourm Arrica: without locality, Gueinzius !

Coast Recion: Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland Mountains, Masson !

Caledon Div. ; at the foot of mountains near Bot River, Bolus, Herb. Norm.

Austr.-Afr. 1349! Houw Hoek Mountains, Zeyher, 3701! Schlechter, 5482!

Klein Houw Hoek, Roxburgh! rocks on the Zwart Berg, near Caledon, Bowie !

18. 8. trilopha (Knight, Prot. 90); a low decumbent plant ;

branches thinly pilose or nearly glabrous; leaves }—1 in. long,

divided into 3 filiform acute furrowed segments, rarely entire,

glabrous, thinly pilose when young; heads terminal, solitary,

shortly pedunculate, many-flowered, 3—1 in. long, about 1 in. in

diam., subglobose ; peduncle }—3 in. long, villous, bearing linear-

lanceolate acutely acuminate glabrous ciliate bracts about 2 lin.

long; floral bracts 21-4 lin. long, ovate-oblong to lanceolate,

acutely acuminate, with a thick glabrescent midrib, villous towards

the margin ; flowers erect in bud; perianth-tube 1-1} lin. long,

glabrous ; segments spathulate-linear, with a glabrous claw ; limb

1-1} lin. long, elliptic, subacute, glabrous in the lower, bearded in

the upper part; anthers ? lin. long; ovary 4 lin. long, villous; —

style 3-4 lin. long, glabrous ; stigma 1-1} lin. long, clavate, sub-

obtuse. 8. arenaria, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 117 ; Roem. &

Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 366 ; Meisn. in DO. Prodr. xiv. 291. Protea

arenaria, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 571. P. phylicoides, Willd. Sp.

Pl. i. 510, partly.

SoutH AFRICA : without locality, Thom !

Coast Recion: Cape Div.; Cape Flats, Ecklon, 3b! Zeyher, 1471! Pappe, 9!

blk 695! Bolus, 4594! east of Plumstead, Wolley-Dod, 1613! Wynberg,

iven.

19. 8. pinnata (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 116, partly, excl. syn.

Andr.) ; a shrub with long prostrate stems, the latter long-pilose

with weak hairs, rather densely so when young ; internodes about

{ in. long; leaves 1-13 in. long, usually trifurcate in the upper

third, the petiole or lower part pilose and often stouter than the

segments, the latter terete, acutely mucronate; heads terminal,

solitary or two at the end of a shoot, but each on its own peduncle,

shortly pedunculate, 1-1} in. in diam., about 3 in. long; peduncle

densely pubescent, bearing a few bracts similar to those of S. gracilis ;

floral bracts up to } in. long, narrowly lanceolate, gradually and

very acutely acuminate, shortly and sparingly pubescent outside,

glabrous within, with purple tips ; flowers erect in bud ; perianth-

tube about 2 lin. long, glabrous at the base ; segments 5-6 lin. long,

linear, adpressed-pilose outside ; limb 1} lin, long, oblong, subobtuse,

Serruria.| | PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). 669

rather densely adpressed-pilose outside ; anthers sessile, 1 lin. long ;

style } in. long, slender, glabrous ; stigma as in S. gracilis. Roem.

& Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 365, partly, excl. syn. Andr. ; Poir. Encyel.

Suppl. iv. 571, partly ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 290, exel. var.

Coast Recion: Paarl Div. ; Little and Great Drakenstein Mountains, Dréye !

Paarl Mountain, Drége! Stellenbosch Div.; between Tyger Berg and Simons

Berg, Drége !

20. 8. gracilis (Knight, Prot. 81); a small shrub with decumbent

stems ; stems terete, purplish, glabrous, with very short internodes ;

leaves }-1} in. long, usually trifurcate in the upper half, rarely a

few entire, glabrous ; segments terete, slender, acutely mucronate ;

heads solitary, terminal, shortly pedunculate, 3-1 in. in diam., a

little over § in. long, many-flowered ; peduncle }—1 in. long, broadening

upwards, more or less tomentose, bearing a few bracts, the latter

lanceolate or subulate-lanceolate, acuminate, acute, 14—3 lin. long,

glabrous, purplish ; floral bracts 44-6 lin. long, narrowly lanceolate,

long and gradually acuminate, adpressed-pubescent outside, glabrous

within, tips purple; flowers erect in bud, bright red; perianth-

tube 2 lin. long, pubescent in the upper part, glabrous at the base ;

segments 5 lin. long, linear, adpressed-pilose ; limb 1} lin. long,

oblong-lanceolate, subobtuse, long adpressed-pilose outside ; anthers

sessile, 1 lin. long ; ovary densely villous ; style 5 lin. long, slender,

glabrous; stigma about } lin. long, gradually passing into the

style, obtuse or almost truncate. SS. pinnata, R. Br. in Trans. Linn.

Soc. x. 116, partly, as to syn. Andr.; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg.

iii. 365, partly ; Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 571, partly. S. pinnata,

var. longifolia, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 291. Protea pinnata,

Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 512.

Coast Recron: Paarl Div.; near French Hoek, Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr.

1350! MacOwan, 2904! Tulbagh Div. ; Tulbagh Waterfall, Niven.

21. S. diffusa (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 115); branches

prostrate, glabrous or slightly pubescent towards the tips; leaves

1-1} in. long, ternately divided in the upper third or simple and

then very short, glabrous, often slightly pubescent when young ;

segments 34-7 lin. long, terete, acutely mucronate ; heads solitary,

terminal, shortly pedunculate, about ? in. long and in diam., many-

flowered ; peduncle #-1 in. long, pubescent, bearing a few linear-

lanceolate subacute glabrous often reflexed bracts; floral bracts 4—6

lin. long, ovate to lanceolate, acutely acuminate, villous ; flowers

straight in bud; perianth-tube about 14 lin. long, glabrous;

segments 33-44 lin. long, linear, long-villous with spreading yellow

or whitish hairs; limb 1} lin. long, elliptic or oblong-ciliptic,

subacute, villous ; anthers #-1 lin. long; ovary villous ; style 4 lin.

long, swollen at the base; stigma } lin. long, obtuse. Roem. d&:

Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 365 ; E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pfl. Documente,

78, 221; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 286. S. furcellata, R. Br. lc. 118;

C10. PROTEACESE (Phillips & Hutchinson). — [Serrwria.

Meisn. lc. 285. S. scariosa, Drége ex Meisn. l.c. 285, not of R. Br.

Protea Brownii, Poir. Encyel. Suppl. iv. 570. P. cyanoides, Thunb.

Diss. Prot. 15; Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 122. Leucadendron glomeru-

tum, Linn., partly, ex Meisn. l.c. 285.

Soura Arrica: without locality, Thunberg !

Coast Region: Tulbagh Div.; New Kloof, Drége! Schlechter, 7498! near

Roode Zand, Roxburgh! near Wilde River, Viven ; Paarl Div. ; mountains near

Paarl, Pappe, 8!

22. S. simplicifolia (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 115) ; branches

simple, finely pubescent or glabrous ; leaves 14-2} in. long, entire

or rarely 2—3-furcate or pinnately divided, linear, subterete, furrowed

above, glabrous ; heads solitary, terminal and axillary, pedunculate,

about in. long and in diam., many-flowered ; peduncle 1-1} in.

long, tomentose, bearing lanceolate-ovate acuminate acute glabrous

bracts 2-3 lin. long; floral bracts 2-4 lin. long, ovate, acuminate,

long, glabrous; segments 34 lin. long, spreadingly villous; limb

1 lin. long, oblong, obtuse, villous ; anthers 1 lin. long; hypogynous

scales 2 lin. long, filiform ; ovary } lin. long, villous ; style 3 lin.

long, glabrous, swollen at the base ; stigma } lin. long, subclavate,

obtuse. Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 365; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i.

466; Schultes, Mant. 267; Drege, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 114, 221;

Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 284. Protea plumigera, Thunb. in Mém.

Acad. Petersb. 1818, 14, ¢. 14; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 121 ;

Schultes, Mant. 267. P. simplicifolia, Poir, Eneycl. Suppl. 570.

Sour AFRICA : without locality, Thunberg !

Coast REGron: Malmesbury Div. ; Groene Kloof (Mamre) and neighbourhood,

Zeyher, 1469 ! Bolus, 4325! Zwartland, Pappe ! between Groene Kloof and Dassen-

berg, Dréye! Tulbagh Div. ; Tulbagh Waterfall, Roxburgh !

Serruria linearis, Knight, Prot. 82, is very probably this species ; the type,

piste was gathered at Groene Kloof by Niven, is apparently not now in

existence,

23. S. ciliata (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 123); branches

glabrous or rarely pilose with a few weak hairs when young ; leaves

slender, $—} in. long, trifureate in the upper } or 4, very rarely a

few bipinnately divided, glabrous or pilose with a few scattered

weak hairs; ultimate segments 2-4 lin. long, cylindric, acutely

mucronate ; heads solitary, terminal, sessile or subsessile, 5-7 lin.

long, $—} in. in diam., many-flowered ; outer bracts 3-4 lin. long,

subulate, acute, long-ciliate ; floral bracts 23-44 lin. long, acutely

long-acuminate from an ovate base, sometimes pustulate, glabrous

or slightly pilose, very long-ciliate ; perianth-tube 1 lin. long,

glabrous ; segments 23-3} lin. long, spathulate-linear, villous with

spreading hairs; limb } lin. long, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, sub-

acute, villous ; anthers } lin. long ; hypogynous scales }—% lin. long,

filiform ; ovary }~} lin. long, ellipsoid, villous ; style 3-34 lin, long,

cylindric, glabrous, not swollen at the base ; stigma 4-2 lin. long,

Serruria.| | PROTEACES (Phillips & Hutchinson). 671

clavate-cylindric, obtuse, furrowed. Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii.

370; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 293. Protea ciliata, Poir. Encycl.

Suppl. iv. 572. P. glomerata, Willd. ex Meisn. L.c.

Var..8, congesta (Hutchinson) ; leaves nearly always bipinnate, rarely a few

trifureate ; heads mostly crowded at the apex of each shoot. S. arenaria,

Knight, Prot. 87% 8. emarginata, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. i. 348? S. congesta, R. Br.

in Trans. Linn, Soc. x. 123; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 370; Meisn. in

DC. Prodr, xiv. 293, incl. vars., excl. syn. Andr. Protea abrotanifolia minor,

Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 536% P. congesta, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 573. P. phylicoides,

Willd. ex Meisn. lc.

SoutH Arrica: var. 8B: without locality, Thom! Drége, 8069! Forster!

Ludwig! Bowie!

Coast Recion: Stellenbosch Div. ; between Stellenbosch and Cape Flats,

Burchell, 8360! between Tyger Berg and Simons Berg, Drége! Physsers Hoek,

Roxburgh! Var. B: Cape Div.; near Tyger Berg, Eclilon, 45! Pappe! Bolus,

5238! Vygeskraal Farm, Wolley-Dod, 1838! Cape Flats, .Pappe, 36! Kuils

River, Pappe, 20! near Cape Town, Bolus, 2904! near Durban Road Station,

Wolley-Dod, 1853! sand-dunes near Riet Valley, Zeyher, 1474! Swellendam

Div. ; on secondary hills, Bowie !

24. §. nervosa (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 290); branches

purplish, glabrous or very scantily pilose with weak hairs; leaves

3+1 in. long, pinnately divided in the upper half, glabrous or

scantily pilose ; ultimate segments 3-4 lin. long, slender, narrowly

cylindric, acutely mucronate ; heads terminal, solitary, subsessile,

2 in. long and in diam., many-flowered ; peduncle 1—2 lin. long,

glabrous, bearing subulate acuminate acute glabrous purple bracts

about 2 lin. long; floral bracts 34-4} lin. long, ovate, long-

acuminate, subacute, ribbed, minutely pubescent towards the

margin; flowers curved in bud; perianth-tube 13 lin. long,

glabrous below ; segments 34 lin. long, spathulate-linear, hirsute

with adpressed hairs; limb | lin. long, oblong, subobtuse, shortly

hirsute ; anthers sessile, # lin. long, oblong-linear ; hypogynous

seales 1 lin. long, filiform ; ovary } lin. long, ellipsoid, long-villous ;

style 4 lin. long, with an ellipsoid swelling at the base, glabrous ;

stigma } lin. long, slightly clavate, obtuse.

Sovurn AFRICA: without locality, Ludwig!

Coast Recion: Bredasdorp Div. ; near Elim, Bolus, 7864!

25. S. Dodii (Phillips & Hutchinson) ; branches pilose; leaves

1}-2 in. long, bipinnately divided in the upper %, adpressed-

tomentose or almost villous with silyery hairs ; ultimate segments

2-4 lin. long, ny ab ; heads terminal, solitary, shortly peduncu-

late, 8 lin. long, about } in. in diam., enclosed within the upper

leaves, 12-15-flowered ; peduncle 3/lin. long, densely puberulous,

bearing ovate acutely-acuminate puberulous shortly ciliate bracts

1 lin. long; floral bracts 2-lin. long, broadly ovate or almost trans-

versely oblong, shortly acuminate, obtuse, shortly tomentose outside ;

flowers curved in bud ; perianth-tube 1} lin. long, glabrous below,

pubescent above ; segments } in. long, adpressed-hirsute ; limb 1}

lin, long, elliptic, acute, adpressed-hirsute, that of the posticous —

672 PROTEACEH (Phillips & Hutchinson). [Serrwria.

segment more shortly pubescent ; anthers 1 lin. long ; hypogynous

scales 1 lin. long, filiform; ovary villous; style } in. long, rather

densely pubescent in the lower half; stigma almost 1 lin. long,

subclavate, obtuse.

Coast REGION: Worcester Div. ; Els Kloof, Hex River, Wolley-Dod, 4050!

26. §. argentifolia (Phillips & Hutchinson); branches more or

less thinly tomentose, becoming pubescent when older; leaves

3-1} in. long, about 1} in. broad, bipinnately divided in the upper

half, rather densely adpressed-tomentose ; segments nearly } lin.

thick, terete, obtuse ; heads axillary and terminal, crowded at the

ends of the branches, solitary on each peduncle, about 7 lin. long

and 3 in. in diam., many-flowered ; peduncle 5-6 lin. long, tomen-

tose, bearing one or two subulate-lanceolate shortly pubescent

bracts ; floral bracts 2 lin. long, broadly obovate or suborbicular,

cuspidate, subacute, densely pubescent ; perianth-tube } lin. long,

glabrous ; segments 43 lin. long, spreadingly villous; limb 1 lin.

long, oblong, acute, villous; anthers ? lin. long; ovary villous ;

style 34 lin. long, glabrous ; stigma 3 lin. long, cylindric, obtuse.

Coast Recion : Ceres Div. ; Wagenbooms River, Schlechter, 10155!

27. 8. Aitoni (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 114); branches

tomentose or pilose; leaves 3-13 in. long, bipinnately divided in

the upper 3, densely adpressed-tomentose ; segments terete, obtuse ;

heads terminal and axillary, corymbose at the end of the shoots,

about 3 in. in diam., many-flowered; peduncle simple, 1-1} in.

long, tomentose, bearing very few lanceolate-linear acutely acumi-

nate villous bracts 14-3 lin. long ; floral bracts 2—3 lin. long, ovate

to obovate or suborbicular, acuminate, villous ; perianth-tube 1}

lin. long, glabrous; segments } in. long, spreadingly villous ; limb

1 lin. long, oblong or oblanceolate, villous; anthers nearly 1 lin.

long ; ovary villous; style 34-4 lin. long, glabrous ; stigma 4 lin.

long, obtuse; fruit 1 lin. long, oblong, shortly beaked, villous.

Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 364; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 288.

S. subumbellata, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 75, 221.

S. tomentosa, Meisn. lc. Nivenia Zahlbruckneri, Ostermeyer in Ann.

Nat. Hofmus. Wien, xxiv. 297, t. vi. Protea Aitoni, Poir. Encycl.

Suppl. iv. 570.

Var. 8, multifida (Meisn. l.c.); leaves shortly and spreadingly pilose ; outer bracts

silky-tomentose. SS, multifida, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pf. Documente, 74, 221.

SoutH AFRICA: without locality, Masson !

Coast Rectoy: Piquetberg Div. ; mountains around Piquetberg, Drége!

Schlechter, 5192! Penther, 1590. Var. 8: Clanwilliam Div. ; Ezelsbank, Dréye.

28. S. brevifolia (Phillips & Hutchinson); a branched, erect

shrub about 5 ft. high ; branches erect, slightly rufous-tomentellous

and pilose with long weak hairs when young, becoming at length

puberulous and slightly glaucous ; leaves 3-4 lin. long, pinnately or

bipinnately divided from near the base, shortly tomentose when

quite young, at length glabrous ; segments terete, obtuse ; heads

Serruvia.| | PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson), 673

solitary, terminal, sessile, }-1 in. long, about ? in. in diam. ;

involucral bracts about 5 lin. long, lanceolate, gradually acuminate,

- acute, nearly glabrous or tomentellous outside, long-ciliate ; floral

bracts 4 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, densely villous towards

the apex ; perianth-tube 1} lin. long, glabrous ; segments 2} lin.

long, spreadingly villous ; limb 3 lin. long, lanceolate, obtuse, that

of the posticous segment much more shortly villous than the

others ; anthers } lin. long; ovary 2 lin. long, pilose ; style 3 lin.

long, tapering upwards from a swollen base, pubescent in the

middle } of its length; stigma } lin. long, ovoid or ellipsoid,

obtuse.

Coast Rreeion: Caledon Div. ; mountains of Baviaans Kloof near Genadendaal,

Burchell, 7864!

29. S. flava (E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pfi. Documente, 74, 221);

branches tomentose or densely pilose; leaves $—1} in. long, bipin-

nately divided in the upper 2, pilose with weak whitish hairs ;

ultimate segments terete, with an obtuse callous apex; heads

terminal, solitary, pedunculate, 1 in. long, about 6-8 lin. in

diam.; peduncle ?—1? in. long, softly tomentose, bearing lanceolate

subacute tomentose bracts 2-3 lin. long; floral bracts 2}—3} lin.

long, ovate to lanceolate, shortly and subacutely acuminate,

adpressed-villous ; flowers slightly curved in bud ; perianth-tube

2-24 lin. long, glabrous at the base; segments } in. long,

spathulate-linear, adpressed-hirsute; limb 14 lin. long, elliptic,

subacute or subobtuse, hirsute, that of the posticous segment more

shortly pubescent than the others; anthers 1-1} lin. long; ovary

2 lin. long, densely villous; style 6-7 lin. long, cylindric,

pubescent on the lower half or third ; stigma }—? lin. long, oblong,

obtuse, furrowed, slightly curved, constricted at the junction with

the style. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 287.

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div.; Storm Vley, near Wupperthal, Leipoldt,

484! Cederberg Range, between Wupperthal and Ezelsbank, Dréye! near

Ezelsbank and Kers Kop, Bodkin in Herb. Bolus, 9080 ! Schlechter, 8795 !

30. S. acrocarpa (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 113) ; branches

pilose with long hairs and puberulous with very short ones ; leaves.

3-2 in. long, bipinnately divided in the upper half, pilose or

glabrous ; segments terete, bluntly mucronate, furrowed on the

upper surface ; heads shortly pedunculate, solitary, 5-7 lin. long,

about 3 in. in diam., 10—15-flowered; peduncles }-1} in. long,

densely pubescent, bearing a few ovate-lanceolate acutely acuminate

glabrescent ciliate bracts 13-2 lin. long; involucral bracts 2} lin.

long, ovate, acuminate, densely pubescent or hirsute, ciliate ;

flowers curved in bud; perianth-tube 2 lin. long, glabrous towards

the base; segments 4-6 lin. long, spathulate-linear, adpressed

yellow-villous ; limb 1 lin. Jong, elliptic, subacute, adpressed yellow-

villous ; anthers sessile, } lin. long; hypogynous scales ? lin. long,

VOL. V.—SECT. I. ax

674. PROTEACE® (Phillips & Hutchinson). | Serruria.

filiform ; ovary } lin. long, obovoid, very densely villous ; style 6-7

lin. long, cylindric, curved and glabrous above, pubescent on the

lower half ; stigma } lin. long, ovoid, subobtuse ; fruit very minutely

stalked, 3 lin. long, oblong-ellipsoid, beaked, villous. Roem. &

Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 364; Drege, Zwei PA. Documente, 115, 2215

Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 287, with vars. SS. sawicola, Buek ex

E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Docwmente, 221. S. adscendens, E.

Meyer in Drége, lc. 76. Protea acrocarpa, Poir. Encyel. Suppl. iv.

570.

Coast Recion: Piquetberg Div. ; Piquet Berg, Drége! Tulbagh Div. ; on the

Witzenberg Range, near Tulbagh, Burchell, 8658 ! Worcester Div. ; Brand Vley,

Roxburgh! Hex River Mountains, Rehmann, 2714! Caledon Div. ; mountains

near Genadendal, Ludwig! Burchell, 7852! 8623! Drége! Pappe! near the

Zondereinde River, Schlechter, 5644! Donkerhoek Mountain, Burchell, 7948! Pappe!

Bolus, 5242! Swellendam Div. ; near Swellendam, Pappé, 3! 11! mountains of

Houw Hoek, Zeyher, 3707! Galpin, 4472! Schlechter, 7330! between Zuurbraak

and Buffeljagts River Drift, Burchell, 7271! hills by the Buffeljagts River, Zeyher,

3706 B! near Breede River, Burchell, 7466! Zuurbraak, Galpin, 4471! Hessaques -

Kloof, Zeyher, 3706 !

31. S. longipes (Phillips & Hutchinson) ; branches pilose with

long weak hairs from a puberulous surface ; leaves 3-1} in. long,

narrowly ovate in outline when spread out, bipinnately divided

almost from the base, glabrous or very sparingly pilose with long

weak hairs; ultimate segments 2—4 lin. long, with a subobtuse

callous apex ; heads terminal and axillary, up to 5 collected at the

end of the branches, many-flowered ; peduncle 14-2 in. long, tinely

puberulous, bearing 5-8 remote ovate-lanceolate acutely acuminate

glabrous or slightly puberulous bracts ; floral bracts } in. long,

about 2 lin. broad, very abruptly and shortly acuminate, villous ;

perianth-tube 1} lin. long, glabrous ; segments nearly 4 in. long,

villous; limb 1 lin. long, elliptic, subobtuse, that of the posticous

segment very shortly pubescent, the others long-villous ; anthers

3 lin. long; hypogynous scales } lin. long, linear ; ovary villous ;

style 5 lin. long, pubescent on the lower 3; stigma j lin. long,

furrowed, obtuse.

Pega: Recron : Tulbagh Div. ; Mitchells Pass, Bolus, Herb. Norm, Austr.-A ifr.,

This may be only a variety of S, artemisixfolia, Knight ; the leaves are divided

almost from the base and when spread out they are narrowly ovate in outline.

32. S. artemisiefolia (Knight, Prot. 80); branches erect, pilose

.or villous; leaves 1-2 in. long, bipinnately divided in the upper

} or 3, pilose or nearly glabrous ; ultimate segments 4-4 in. long,

narrow, subacutely mucronate; heads solitary, terminal, long-

pedunculate, {-1 in. long, about 1 in. in diam., globose, many-

flowered ; peduncle 1-3 in. long, pubescent, bearing ovate or

lanceolate acutely acuminate glabrous bracts 3-2 lin. long; floral

bracts 24-3} lin. long, ovate to spathulate-obovate, with a short

recurved acumen, tomentose ; flowers more or less straight in bud ;

perianth-tube 2 lin. long, glabrous; segments 41-5 lin. long,

Serruria.| PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson), 675

spreadingly villous ; limb 1-1} lin. long, elliptic, subacute, villous ;

anthers oblong ; hypogynous scales ? lin. long, linear, acute ; ovary

+ lin. long, villous; style 4 lin. long, pubescent on the lower 2;

stigma # lin. long, oblong, obtuse, furrowed. 5S. peduncularis, Knight,

Prot. 811 S. peduneulata, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 119 .

Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 367 3 Meisn. in DO. Prodr. xiv. 288.

S. spherocephala, Steud. Nomenel. ed. 2, ii. 571. Protea spheero-

cephala, Houtt. Handl. iv. 99, t. 19, Jig. 1. P. pedunculata, Lam. Il.

i. 240. P. glomerata, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 264.

Coast RraGion: Tulbagh Div. ; New Kloof, near Tulbagh, Ludwig! Dréve!

Roode Zand, Niven, 18! Pappe ! MacOwan, 2837! & in Herb. Norm. Austr.-A Soe.

769! Schlechter, 9021! Bolus, 5241! Burchell, 994 ! Witzenberg Range, Pappe !

Worcester Div. ; Pinaars Kloof, Burke ! Zeyher, 1470! Bainskloof, Pappe !

33. 8. hirsuta (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc, x. 120) ; branches

villous when young, becoming long-pilose when older; leaves

1-1} in. long, bipinnately divided in the upper $ or 3%, long-

pilose when young, soon becoming quite glabrous; ultimate

segments 2)-6 lin. long, cylindric, acutely mucronate ; heads

terminal, solitary, subsessile, 1-1} in. long, 3-1 in. in diam. ;

peduncle up to 3 lin. long, covered with long lanceolate-linear

very acute ciliate bracts; floral bracts J in. long, lanceolate

or ovate-lanceolate, acutely acuminate, long-villous or densely pilose ;

perianth-tube 1-2 lin. long; segments 43-5 lin, long, spreadingly

villous; limb 1-1} lin. long, oblong-linear, subacute, villous ;

anthers 3-1 lin. long; hypogynous seales } lin. long, subulate ;

ovary villous ; style 4-5 lin. long, swollen at the base, glabrous ;

stigma }-~1 lin. long, subclavate, obtuse. Roem. & Schultes, Syst.

Veg. iii. 368; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 291. Protea phylicoides,

Thunb. Diss. Prot. 19, partly, as to spec. a and B of Herb.; Fl. Cap.

ed, Schultes, 124, partly, as preceding; Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. xiv. 137

(excl. syn. Berg.) ; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 510, partly. P. hirsuta, Poir.

Encycl. Suppl. iv. 572. P. serraroides, Soland. ex Meisn. l.e., name

only.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Grey!

Coast Recton: Cape Div.; Table Mountain, Gamble, 22187! Tyger Berg,

Pappe! near Simonstown, Pappe! Schlechter, 1104 ! Wolley-Dod, 2925! Jameson!

Wright, 626! Caledon Div. ; Bot River, Mund, 43!

Steudel (Nomencl. ed. 2, ii. 571) reduced Protea erecta, Thunb, (Fl. Cap.

i. 454; S. erecta, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 298) to this species. On examining

Thunberg’s type specimen we find the plant was collected in New Holland. It is

identical with Jsopogon anethifolius, Knight.

34. 8. ventricosa (Phillips & Hutchinson) ; stems ascending, much-

branched ; branches purplish, pubescent; leaves 7-1 in. long,

pinnately or rarely bipinnately divided in the upper half, glabrous,

the younger long-pilose with very weak hairs; ultimate segments

33-5 lin. long, filiform, furrowed on the upper surface, acutel

mucronate ; heads solitary, terminal, subsessile or very shortly

“xk 2

679 PROTEACEH (Phillips & Hutchinson). — [Serrwria.

pedunculate, }—} in. long, about ? in. in diam., many-flowered ;

peduncle 2-4 lin. long, pilose, bearing linear-lanceolate acute

glabrous purple bracts 2-3 lin. long ; floral bracts 3 lin. long, ovate-

lanceolate, subacutely acuminate, concave, glabrous or very scantily

pubescent, 5-nerved, ciliate ; perianth-tube } lin. long, subglobose,.

glabrous; segments 4? lin. long, spathulate-linear, villous with

spreading white hairs; limb 1 lin, long, lanceolate or lanceolate-.

elliptic, acute, villous ; anthers } lin. long; hypogynous scales

2 lin. long, filiform; ovary } lin. long, globose, villous ; style

4 lin. long, cylindric, glabrous, globose at the base; stigma j lin.

long, cylindric, furrowed, obtuse.

Coast Recion: Bredasdorp Div.; Mountains near Koude River, Schlechter,

9604 !

35. S. millefolia (Knight, Prot. 79) ; branches erect or ascending,

pilose or villous ; leaves }—} in. long, bipinnately divided almost:

from the base, long-pilose when young, at length becoming nearly

glabrous ; ultimate segments 2-4 lin. long, narrowly cylindric,

obtusely mucronate ; heads very shortly pedunculate or subsessile,

solitary at the apex of each shoot or lateral branchlet, $-1 in. long,

about the same in diam., many-flowered ; bracts 3 lin. long, ovate

or obovate, acutely acuminate, villous ; perianth-tube 1} lin. long,.

glabrous, soon splitting to the base; segments 4} lin. long,

spreadingly villous ; limb 1 lin. long, elliptic, subacute, long-villous,

the posticous sometimes glabrous ; anthers ? lin. long ; hypogynous:

scales 4 lin. long, filiform ; ovary villous ; style } in. long, glabrous ;

stigma 2 lin. long, subclavate, obtuse ; fruit 2? lin. long, oblong,

villous when young. S. abrotanifolia, Knight, Prot. 79. S. Stilbe,

R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 120; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii.

368 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 289, S.? triplicato-ternata, Roem.

& Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 378. $8.1 pilosa, Roem. & Schultes, Le. ;

Meisn. Lc. 298. 8S. Thunbergii, Endl. Gen. Suppl. iv. ii. 79. S. com-

mutata, Endl. lc. S. Andrewsii, Endl. l.c., partly. 8. hirsuta, Berg.

ea Meisn. lc. 290, not of R. Br. S. Brownii, Meisn. Le. 290.

Protea villosa, Thunb. Prodr. 187 ; Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 125 ; R.Br.

in Trans. Linn. Soe. x. 220, mentioned. P. triternata, Kenn. in

Andr. Bot. Rep. t.337, not of Thunb. P. Stilbe, Poir. Encycl. Supp!

iv. 571; Meisn. Ic. P. abrotanifolia, hirta, Andr. lec. t. 522.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Masson! Roxburgh! Mund! Ludwiy!

Coast Recion: Van Rhynsdorp Div, ; top of Windhoek Mountains (Giftberg

_ Range), Niven, 25! Clanwilliam Div. ; Brakfontein, Niven, 24! Jakhals Vley, Niven,

26! between Berg Valley and Lange Valley, Drége ! Nieuwoudtville, Leipoldt in

Herb, Bolus, 9378! Pakhuis Pass, Bolus, 9031! Boontjes River, Schlechter, 8668 !

Piquetberg Div. ; Pikeniers Kloof, MacOwan, 3275! & in Herb. Austr.-Af?.,

1949! Paar! Div. ; between Mosselbanks River and Berg River, Burchell, 974!

Cape Div.; Tyger Berg, Niven, 19! Pappe!

36. 8. vallaris (Knight, Prot. 78); branches tomentose or

pubescent, sometimes becoming glabrous below ; leaves 3-1} in.

Serruria.| PROTEACE# (Phillips & Hutchinson). 677

long, bipinnately divided in the upper }$ or 3, pilose when

young, usually becoming glabrous with age; ultimate segments

2-6 lin. long, cylindric, acutely mucronate; heads terminal,

solitary, sessile, 7-12 lin. long, about ?-1 in. in diam., usually

surrounded by the upper leaves; floral bracts 24-4 lin. long,

ovate or lanceolate-ovate, sharply long- (rarely shortly) acuminate,

villous ; perianth-tube 14—1# lin. long, subglobose, glabrous below ;

segments 3-4} lin. long, spathulate-linear, spreadingly villous ;

limb 1-14 lin. long, linear-oblong or lanceolate-linear, subacute,

villous, that of the posticous segment glabrous ; anthers }-1 lin.

long, linear ; hypogynous scales 2—1 lin. long, filiform-linear, acutely

acuminate ; ovary 3—} lin. long, elliptic-ovate, covered with long

hairs ; style 23-4} lin. long, cylindric, distinctly swollen at the

base, glabrous ; stigma #~1 lin. long, narrowly cylindric, subacute,

furrowed. S. villosa, R. Br. Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 122; Roem. &

Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 369 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 292. S. Niveni,

Meisn. l.c. 291, as to Zeyher, 3705, not of R. Br. - Protea villosa, Lam.

Til. i. 240. P. phylicoides, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 19 (partly), var. y of

Herb. ; Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 124, partly ; Poir. Encyel. v. 659, partly.

SourH Arrica: without locality, Nelson ! Ludwig! Grey!

Coast Recon: Cape Div. ; near Constantia, Brown! Niven! Ludwig!

mountains near Simons Bay or False Bay, Thunberg! Niven! Kirk! Bolus,

4687! Muizen Berg, Zeyher, 3705! Pappe! Bolus, 4802! ridge beyond Smit-

winkel Vley, Wolley-Dod, 2707 ! Kalk Bay hills, Wolley-Dod, 1010!

37. S. rostellaris (Knight, Prot. 88); a small diffuse shrub;

branches ascending, pilose when young, becoming glabrous ; leaves

1-1} in. long, bipinnately divided in the upper half, glabrous ;

ultimate segments }—} in. long, terete, acutely mucronate ; heads

sessile, terminal, solitary, }—} in. long, about } in. in diam., many-

flowered ; involucral bracts about } in. long, lanceolate, very acute,

glabrous or nearly so, purplish ; floral bracts 5 lin. long, lanceolate

or ovate-lanceolate, acutely acuminate, villous; perianth-tube 1}

lin. long, glabrous; segments 44 lin. long, villous with white

spreading hairs; limb 1} lin. long, oblong-elliptic, subacute, the

posticous one very minutely pubescent, the other three spread

ingly long-villous ; anthers 1 lin. long; hypogynous scales 1} lin.

long, linear ; ovary villous; style 5 lin. long, glabrous; stigma

3 lin. long, cylindric. S. Niveni, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x.

121; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 369; Meisn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 291, excl. Zeyher, 3705. 8S. plumosa, Meisn. lc. Protea

decumbens, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 349. P. Niveni, Poir. Encycl. Suppl.

iv. 572.

Sour AFrica: without locality, Ludwig!

Coast Region: Caledon Div.; on the Zwart Berg, Niven! Pappe! Zeyher,

3704! mountains near Caledon, Bolus, 9889 !

38. S. cyanoides (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soe. x. 117); branches

tomentose or pubescent towards the apex, soon becoming glabrous ;

leaves 1-2} in. long, pinnately or bipinnately divided in the upper

678 PROTEACEH (Phillips & Hutchinson). = [Serrwria.

3% or 3, glabrous or the younger sometimes pubescent ; ultimate

segments +2 in. long, terete, acutely mucronate ; heads solitary,

terminal, shortly pedunculate, about ? in. in diam., many-flowered ;

peduncle 4-1 in. long, pilose or villous, bearing lanceolate acutely

acuminate minutely pustulate glabrous purplish bracts 2-3 lin.

‘long; involucral bracts 3-4} lin. long, ovate or ovate-lanceolate,.

acutely acuminate, pilose or villous; floral bracts similar, keeled ;

flowers straight in bud; perianth-tube 14 lin. long, glabrous ;.

segments 4—5 lin. long, spreadingly villous; limb 14-2 lin. long,

oblong, villous, that of the posticous segment more shortly

pubescent ; hypogynous scales 1 lin. long, filiform; ovary villous ;.

style 3—4 lin. long, glabrous ; stigma 1 lin. long, subclavate, obtuse,

furrowed. Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 366; Meisn. in DC.

Prodr. xiv. 290. Leucadendron cyanoides, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 93;

Berg. in Vet. Acad. Handl. Stockh. 1766, 326; Berg. Descr. Pl.

Cap. 27. Protea cyanoides, Linn. Mant. alt. 188; Lam. Iil. i. 239 ;

Poir. Encyel. v. 658.

SouTH AFRica: without locality, Pappe !

Coast Region: Tulbagh Div.; Great Winterhoek, Zeyher! between Bains

Kloof and Mitchells Pass, Bolus, 5239! Worcester Div.; Dutoits Kloof, Drége !

Cape Div.; Simons Bay, Wright, 630! 631! Cape Flats, Pappe, 10! Bolus,

4983! Orange Kloof, Wolley-Dod, 2708! mountains near Constantia, Schlechter,

1225! Stellenbosch Div. ; between Lowrys Pass and Jonkers Hoek, Burchell,

8319! between Tyger Berg and Simons Berg, Dréye, 8066 ! Caledon Div. ; Zwart

Berg, Templeman in Herb. MacOwan !

39. 8. florida (Knight, Prot. 92); a shrub; branches erect or

ascending, purplish, glabrous ; leaves 13-2} in. long, pinnately or

bipinnately divided, rather broad at the base, glabrous ; ultimate

segments very acute; heads axillary and terminal, few together,

pedunculate, 1}-14 in. long, about 1} in. in diam. ; peduncles 1-3

in. long, glabrous, bearing large lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate very

acutely acuminate glabrous (white?) bracts; involucral bracts

1-1} in. long, 4~7 lin. broad, lanceolate to obovate, acutely

acuminate, membranous, white (?), becoming pinkish-yellow when

dry ; floral bracts about } in. long, linear or linear-lanceolate,

tapered to a fine subulate apex, very long-ciliate ; perianth-tube

1) lin. long, ellipsoid, glabrous ; segments 44 lin. long, glabrous

except on the limb ; limb 14 lin. long, oblong-linear, thinly villous

with very long hairs, that of the posticous segment glabrous or

nearly so; anthers 1} lin. long; ovary pubescent, surrounded by

long hairs ; style 3} lin. long, with a globose swelling at the base,

glabrous ; stigma | lin. long ; fruit oblong-ellipsoid, shortly beaked,

rusty pilose. R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 126; Roem. & Schultes,

Syst. Veg. iii. 372 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 285. Protea florida,

Thunb. Diss. Prot. 15, t. 1, fig. 1; Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. xiv. 136;

Lam. Ill. i. 240; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 506; Poir. Encyel. v. 662 ;

Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 121.

SourH Arrica : without locality, Wedgwood !

Coast Recon: Paarl Div. ; French Hoek, Thunberg! Masson! MacOwan,

Herb, Norm. Austr,-Afr., 1524! Kriel in Herb. Bolus, 6835!

Serruria.| | PROTEACEA: (Phillips & Hutchinson). 679

40. 8. emula (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 125); a shrub 2 ft.

high ; branches erect or ascending, pubescent or puberulous, rarely

nearly glabrous; leaves 14-2 in. long, pinnately or bipinnately

divided in the upper 3, glabrous; ultimate segments subacuttly

mucronate ; heads solitary on simple peduncles, usually several in a

corymb at the apex of each shoot, $—{ in. long, }-1} in. in diam. ;

peduncles #-1} in. long, pubescent or glabrous, bearing numerous

lanceolate to subulate glabrous shortly ciliate bracts 2—4 lin. long ;

involucral bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, with a broad

midrib and broad membranous margins, up to 7 lin. long, 2—4 lin.

broad ; floral bracts 4-5 lin. long, lanceolate, pilose or densely

long-villous ; flowers straight in bud; perianth-tube 1} lin. long,

glabrous ; segments 3-3} lin. long, spreadingly pilose; limb 1}—2

lin. long, narrowly elliptic, acute, densely villous, that of the

posticous segment nearly glabrous; anthers 1-1} lin. long; ovary

beaked, densely villous ; style 3-4 lin. long, glabrous ; stigma 14—2

lin. long, cylindric, obtuse, furrowed. Roem. d Schultes, Syst. Veg.

iii. 372; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 292. S. furcellata, E. Meyer in

Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 118, 221, not of R. Br. 8S. florida, var.,

E. Meyer, l.c. 79, 81, 82, 221, not of R. Br. S. subcorymbosa, Meisn.

Le. 285. Protea xmula, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 573.

Var. 8, heterophylla (Hutchinson); leaves on the flowering shoots mostly

simple or trifurcate. S. heterophylla, Meisn, l.c. 284.

Souru Arrica: without locality, Brehm! Var. B: Ludwig!

Coast Reaction: Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Drége! Paarl Div. ; Draken-

stein Mountains, Drége! French Hoek, Roxburgh! Schlechter, 9232! Caledon

Div. ; mountains of Baviaans Kloof near Genadendaal, Burchell, 7674! 7824!

7859/2! near Grietjes Gat, Bolus, 4200! Shaws Mountain, Galpin, 4470!

Onrust River, Schlechter, 9500! between Bot River and Zwart Berg, Zeyher, 3696 !

Donker Hoek, Drége! Grey! Var. 8: Caledon Div.: Hermanus, Galpin, 4468!

Bolus, 9828! mountains near Bot River, Pappe! Zeyher, 3695! Ludwig, Ecklon.

Swellendam Div. ; near Swellendam, Pappe !

41. S. scariosa (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 118); branches

glabrous or pubescent ; leaves 1—1} in. long, bipinnately divided in

the upper } or }, glabrous; leaf-segments spreading, 3—5 lin. long,

linear, acute ; heads pedunculate, 8-9 lin. long, about 7 lin. in diam.,

2-3-nate at the end of the branches; peduncle 10-12 lin. long,

glabrous, bearing lanceolate-ovate subacutely acuminate glabrous

bracts; floral bracts 6 lin. long, lanceolate, acutely acuminate,

membranous, pilose, glandular ; perianth-tube }-1 lin. long, ventri-

cose, glabrous below ; segments 4—4} lin. long, spathulate-linear,

shortly hirsute ; limb 1} lin. long, linear, acute, pubescent ; anthers

1 lin. long ; apical gland } lin. long, ovate, subacute ; ovary 2 lin.

long, beaked, villous ; style 3 lin. long, cylindric-filiform, glabrous ;

stigma 3 lin. long, cylindric, obtuse, slightly swollen at the june-

tion with the style. Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 367 ; Meisn.

in DC. Prodr. xiv. 286. P. spheerocephala, Poir. Encyel. v. 658.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Roxburgh !

Protea coarctata, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 122, referred doubtfully to this

species by Meisner, is an Australian plant and identical with Petrophila pulchella,

R. Br.

680 PROTEACES (Phillips & Hutchinson). — [| Serruria.

42. 8. feniculacea (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 122); branches

erect, pilose with weak hairs; leaves 1-1} in. long, bipinnately

divided in the upper half, glabrous or rarely pilose with weak

hairs, the ultimate segments 3-5 lin. long, narrow-cylindric,

acutely mucronate; heads pedunculate, }—}? in. long, }—? in. in

diam., terminal and axillary, clustered at the ends of the branches,

many-flowered ; peduncles 3-4 lin. long, thinly pubescent, bearing

lanceolate acutely acuminate glabrous usually ciliate bracts ; floral

bracts 2-3 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad, suborbicular, acutely and

abruptly acuminate, glabrous, ciliate; flowers curved in bud;

perianth-tube } lin. long, pubescent ; segments 3{ lin. long, linear,

hirsute with short adpressed hairs; limb 1 lin. long, elliptic, sub-

acute, shortly villous; anthers } lin. long; hypogynous scales %

lin. long, filiform; ovary } lin. long, villous ; style 34 lin. long,

glabrous ; stigma 3? lin. long, subclavate, obtuse. Roem. d Schultes,

Syst. Veg. iii. 370; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 290. SS. odorata,

Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. i. 348% P. abrotanifolia, odorata, Andr, Bot.

Rep. t. 5451 Protea feeniculacea, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 572.

Coast Recion : Cape Div.; near Zeekoe Vley, MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Austr.-

Afr., 803! near Simons Town, Pappe !

43. §. barbigera (Knight, Prot. 90); branches erect, minutely

puberulous or nearly glabrous; leaves 14-2 in. long, bipinnately

divided in the upper } or 3, glabrous ; ultimate segments subterete,

4—} in. long, about } lin. thick, acute or subacute ; heads 3-4 at

the apex of each shoot, corymbose on separate peduncles, nearly

1 in. in diam., many-flowered ; peduncles up to 1 in. long, glabrous

or nearly so, furnished with numerous subulate glabrous bracts

3-4 lin. long ; involucral bracts very numerous, about } in. long,

linear, acute, the outer not ciliate and quite glabrous except for a

tuft of hairs at the apex, a few of the inner very sparingly villous ;

floral bracts 3-4} lin. long, narrowly lanceolate, very acute, long

villous outside ; flowers straight in bud; perianth-tube very short ;

segments about 5 lin. long, with an almost glabrous claw ; limb 14

lin. long, long-villous, the posticous one glabrous except at the tip ;

anthers 1} lin. long, linear; ovary villous; style 44 lin. long,

filiform, with a very narrow stigma. S. parilis, Knight, Prot. 91.

S. phylicoides, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 125; Roem. & Schultes,

Syst. Veg. iii. 371; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 292. S. nitida

and S. squarrosa, R. Br. lic. 124; Roem. & Schultes, l.c. 370, 371 ;

Meisn. 1.c. 292, 293. 8S. eriocephala, Steud. Nomenel. ed. 2, ii. 571.

Leucadendron phylicoides, Berg. in Vet. Acad. Handl. Stockh. 1766,

328; Berg. Descr. Pl. Cap. 29. L. Serraria, Burm. ex Meisn. l.c.

292. Protea abrotanifolia, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 507. P. eriocephala,

Roem. &: Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 379. P. squarrosa, Poir. Eneyel.

Suppl iv. 573. P. glomerata, Thib. ex Meisn. l.c., not of R. Br.

Sour Arrica : without locality, Stanger! Webb! Ludwig !

Coast Recion : Stellenbosch Diy. ; Lowrys Pass, Schlechter, 1136! Caledon

Div. ; Houw Hoek Mountains, Zeyher, 36971 Schlechter, 5478! MacOwan, Herb.

Norm. Austr.-Afr., 771! Galpin, 4469. Zwart Berg and Houw Hoek, Bowie!

Pappe! near Caledon, Bolus !

Serruria.] PROTEACE® (Phillips & Hutchinson). 681

44. §. fucifolia (Knight, Prot. 81); branches more or less

tomentose or pubescent ; leaves $—24 in. long, bipinnately divided

in the upper }—3, pilose, or young leaves villous, rarely glabrous ;

leaf-segments filiform-cylindric, obtusely-mucronate, furrowed on

the upper surface ; heads axillary and terminal, solitary, }-1 in.

in diam., many-flowered ; peduncles 7-14 in. long, pubescent,

bearing 2-5 linear bracts; floral bracts 2}-3 lin. long, ovate or

obovate, pointed, tomentose, sometimes pubescent and _ ciliate ;

flowers curved in: bud; perianth-tube 1-1} lin. long, glabrous ;

segments 34-41 lin. long, spathulate-linear, villous with adpressed

or spreading hairs ; limb ? lin. long, elliptic, acute, villous, shortly

bearded ; anthers } lin. long, oblong; ovary } lin. long, densely

villous ; style 3-3] lin. long, cylindric, sometimes swollen in the

middle third, glabrous; stigma }—} lin. long, oblong, obtuse,

furrowed ; fruits beaked, villous. S. elevata, R. Br. in Trans.

Linn. Soe. x. 114; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 364 ; Meisn. in

DC. Prodr. xiv. 287, with vars. S. hirsuta, Buek in Drége, Zwei

PA. Documente, 221. 8S. subumbellata, Buek in Drége, l.c. SS. vestita,

Buek in Drége, lc. 221; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 288. Protea

elevata, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 570.

SoutH Arrica : without locality, Drége, 8070a.

Coast Recion: Van Rhynsdorp Div.; Gift Berg, Drége! Clanwilliam Div. ;

near Clanwilliam, Mader, 176! Kardouw Mountains, Zeyher, 1472! Blauw Berg,

Mund, 34! Schlechter, 8461! Pakhuis Mountains, Schlechter, 10804! Lange

Kloof, Schlechter, 8400! Storm Vley, near Wupperthal, Leipoldt, 485! Piquetberg

Div. ; Piquet Berg, Niven, 17! Drége, 14762!

45. S. cygnea (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 113); branches

prostrate, glabrous ; leaves 1-3 in. long, bipinnately divided in the

upper } or 3, glabrous, sometimes scantily pilose when young ;

segments 24-8 lin. long, cylindric, obtusely mucronate, furrowed on

the upper surface ; heads solitary, axillary, pedunculate, }—} in. long,

about ? in. in diam., many-flowered ; peduncle simple, 1—2 in. long,

glabrous, bearing a few scattered ovate or ovate-lanceolate acute

glabrous bracts; floral bracts 13-3 lin. long, ovate, caudate-

acuminate, acute, glabrous or shortly ciliate ; flowers curved in

bud; perianth-tube very short, glabrous; segments 5} lin. long,

shortly adpressed-pubescent outside; limb {-1 lin. long, elliptic,

subacute, adpressed-pubescent, that of the posticous segment nearly

glabrous; anthers sessile, }—} lin. long, oblong or elliptic;

hypogynous scales } lin. long, linear ; ovary }—1} lin. long, ovoid,

very densely villous ; style 44-5} lin. long, cylindric, curved above,

glabrous ; stigma }—} lin. long, oblong or oblong-ellipsoid, slightly

furrowed. Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 363; Meisn. in DC.

Prodr, xiv. 286. S. cyanea, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente,

78, 221. SS. colorata, Zeyh. ex Meisn, le. 8S. helvola, Steud.

Nomenel. ed. 2, ii. 400. Protea cygnea, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 569.

P. helvola, Lichtenst. ex Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 379, fide

Meisn. 1.c.

682 PROTEACEE (Phillips & Hutchinson). = [ Serruria.

' Sours Arrica: without locality, Hooker !

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div. ; Witzenberg Range, Zeyher, 1473! Pappe!

Great Winterhoek, Pappe! Bolus, 5243! Mitchells Pass, Bolus, 5335! and in

Herb. Norm. Austi.-Afr. 381! Schlechter, 8952! New Kloof, Drége! Worcester

Div. ; Breede River Valley, Bolus, 2902 !

46. §. incrassata (Buek in Drége, Zwei Pfi. Documente, 98,

221); branches pilose with long weak hairs ; leaves 1—2 in. long,

bipinnately divided in the upper half, the upper glabrous, the lower

often pilose ; segments 14-5 lin. long, terete, with an obtuse callous

apex, furrowed on the upper surface ; heads pedunculate, {-1 in.

long, about 1 in. in diam., terminal, solitary, many - flowered ;

peduncle 1 in. long, glabrous or scantily pubescent, bearing

lanceolate acutely acuminate ciliate but otherwise glabrous

bracts 14-24 lin. long; floral bracts 24-3 lin. long, ovate, acutely

acuminate, glabrous or scantily pubescent ; perianth-tube 14—2 lin.

long, glabrous below ; segments 6—64 lin. long, linear, hirsute or

villous with adpressed hairs outside; limb 1-14 lin. long, oblong-

lanceolate, acute, villous ; anthers 3-1 lin. long, oblong ; hypogynous

scales 1-1} lin. long, filiform or linear; ovary 1} lin. long, ovoid,

villous ; style 5} lin. long, cylindric, glabrous ; stigma ? lin. long,

subcylindric, obtuse, furrowed, slightly bent at the junction with |

the style. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 286.

Coast Reaion : Paarl Div. ; near Paarl, Drége, 8065!

47. 8. Roxburghii (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 130) ; branches

erect, glabrous or pubescent; leaves 4—} in. long, bipinnately

divided in the upper half, pilose when young, at length quite

glabrous ; ultimate segments filiform, acutely mucronate; heads

axillary and terminal, several on separate peduncles at the ends of

the branches, about } in. in diam., many-flowered ; peduncles very

short, clothed with long subulate ciliate glabrous bracts about 4 lin.

long ; floral bracts 3-4 lin. long, ovate, long and acutely acuminate,

villous in the lower part; perianth-tube 3 lin. long, glabrous ;

segments 3} lin. long, subadpressed-villous ; limb 1 lin. long, oblong,

subacute, villous ; anthers 3 lin. long; ovary } lin. long, villous ;

style 23 lin. long, glabrous ; stigma # lin. long, cylindric. Roem. &

Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 375; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 295. Protea

pias Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 574. P. triternata, Thib. ex.

eisn. Le.

Coast Recion: Piquetberg Div. ; Twenty-four Rivers, Drege! Malmesbury

Div. ; near Paarde Berg, Roxburgh! Zwartland, Riebeek’s Kasteel and Paarde

Berg, Zeyher, 1475! Worcester Div. ; near Wellington, Pappe! Paarl Div. ; near

Berg River, Pappe !

48.8. callosa (Knight, Prot. 80); a small more or less decumbent

shrub ; branches pilose or subvillous, at length becoming nearly

glabrous; leaves 4-1 in. long, bipinnately divided in the upper

half, long-pilose when young, becoming glabrous or nearly s0 ;

Serruria.| | PROTEACEA! (Phillips & Hutchinson). 683

ultimate segments 1-2} lin. long, cylindric, obtuse ; heads terminal

and solitary, 1-1} lin. long, about | in. in diam., many-flowered ;.

peduncles 6-8 lin. long, pilose; floral bracts 3 lin. long, ovate,

acutely acuminate, villous; flowers straight in bud; perianth-tube

2 lin. long, pubescent or glabrous ; segments 5 lin. long, spreadingly

villous ; limb 1 lin. long, oblong, villous; anthers ?—1 lin. long ;

ovary villous; style 5 lin. long, glabrous; stigma 3 lin. long, sub-

clavate, obtuse ; fruit 1}—2 lin. long, ellipsoid, beaked, villous.

S. scoparia, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 119 ; Roem. & Schultes,

Syst. Veg. iii. 368; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 289. 8S. Dregei,

Meisn. lc. Protea scoparia, Poir, Encycl. Suppl. iv. 571.

Coast ReGion: Malmesbury Div. ; near Moorreesburg, Bolus, 9979! Tulbagh

Div. ; Winterhoek Mountain, Niven, 8! Klein Berg River, Niven! Paarl Div. ;

near the Berg River, Zeyher, 3698 !

Imperfectly known species.

49. §. Zeyheri (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 297); branches

glabrous ; leaves erect, bipiznatifid, glabrous ; segments spreading,

slender, acutely mucronate ; corymb exceeding the leaves ; branches

hairy, simple or 2—3-branched at the apex ; heads globose, many-

flowered ; bracts oblong-lanceolate, glabrous, spreading; flowers

adpressed - pubescent; limb glabrous; style exserted; stigma

subcapitate.

Coast Recon: Caledon Div. ; by the Zondereinde River near Appels Kraal,

Zeyher.

We have not seen a specimen of this species, but it is evidently closely allied to

S. meisneriana, Schlechter.

50. 8. Bergii (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 220); stem woody ;

branches terete, glabrous ; branches simple, erect, glabrous ; leaves

much divided ; segments subulate, acute, grooved above ; heads

subglobose, about 1 in. long, terminal, slightly pedunculate ; bracts

wedge-shaped, acuminate from a truncate base, villous, the lower

one glabrous ; flowers silky-villous, with the posticous limb glabrous ;

style filiform; stigma obtuse. Meisn. in DO. Prodr. xiv. 299.

Leucadendron spherocephalum, Berg. Deser. Pl. Cap. 26.

Souru Arrica: without locality, Bergius.

51. §. colorata (Buek ex Driége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 109, 221,

name only).

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div. ; between Berg Valley and Lange Valley,

Dreége.

52. §. anemonefolia (Knight, Prot. 83); a decumbent plant ;

leaves 1-3 in. long, 3-pinnatifid from very near their middle, pubes-

cent; peduncles 1-3, a little longer than the head; style bowed

from the base.

684 PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). — [Serrwria.

Coast Rercion: Paarl Div. ; Drakenstein Mountains, Niven,

This and the following species described by Knight are known to us only from

his descriptions. The type specimens were either not preserved or they have been

destroyed ; we have not been able to trace them.

53. 8. chlamydiflora (Knight, Prot. 91); stem 3-4 ft. high, finely

cottony ; leaves 2-24 in. long, 2-pinnatifid from below their middle ;

heads 1-3, scarcely shorter than the peduncle ; bracts externally

pubescent.

Coast ReEcion: Paarl Div. ; French Hoek, Niven.

54. S. collina (Knight, Prot. 86); a weak decumbent shrub ;

leaves 1}—2 in. long, incurved erect, 2-pinnatifid from their middle,

glossy ; panicle short, broadly conical; bracts long, wedge-shaped,

thinly cottony at the base ; style a little curved.

Coast Reaion : Cape Div. ; Table Mountain, Niven.

55. §. concinna (Knight, Prot. 88); a slender shrub; branches

weak ; leaves 7-11 lin. long, 3-fid, pinnatifid and 2-pinnatifid from

below their middle, almost glossy ; heads nearly sessile, higher than

the leaves ; bracts linear-attenuated, all thinly fringed.

Coast Region : Tulbagh Div. ; Tulbagh Waterfall, Niven.

56. 8. delphiniifolia (Knight, Prot. 82); stem prostrate; leaves

1-1} in. long, 3-5-fid from below their middle, pubescent ; heads

3-7, as long as the peduncles ; stigma very broad at the top.

Coast Recion: Paarl Diy. ; mountains near Paarl, Niven.

57. §. elumbis (Knight, Prot. 83); leaves 14-3 in. long,

3-pinnatifid from below their middle, acute, smooth ; heads panicled ;

bracts glossy, their margins hardly scarious ; stigma cylindrical.

Coast Recion : Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland Mountains, Niven.

58. S. fallax (Knight, Prot. 90); stem 2 ft. high ; leaves 5-7 lin.

long, closely 2-pinnatifid from below their middle, glossy ; head

nearly sessile; bracts fringed; petals bearded below the limb,

besprinkled with a great many glands.

Coast Recion: Paarl Div. ; near Paarl, Niven.

59. S. foliosa (Knight, Prot. 89); a subdecumbent shrub with

rigid branches, seldom more than 1 ft. high; leaves 4—6 lin. long,

close, 3-fid from below their middle, glossy ; head nearly sessile ;

bracts thickly cottony ; petals smooth below the limb.

Coast Recion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Blaauw Berg, Niven.

This is apparently closely allied to 8. trilopha, Knight. ‘

Serruria.| | PROTEACEA (Phillips’& Hutchinson). 685:

60. 8. frondosa (Knight, Prot. 85) ; stem 1-2 ft. high; leaves at

the bottom of the branches small and imperfect, so that they appear

clustered near the flowers, 1-14 in, long, 2-pinnatifid from below

their middle, thinly silky ; head generally solitary, peduncled, as

high as the leaves ; bracts recurved, narrowly wedge-shaped, hairy ;

style straight.

South AFRICA: without locality, Niven.

61. 8. gremiiflora (Knight, Prot. 88); a small bush; leaves

1-1} in. long, 2-pinnatifid from below their middle, smooth ; heads

1-3, clustered, lower than the leaves ; bracts cottony, especially the

upper ones.

Coast Recion : Malmesbury Div.; Zwartland, Niven.

62. 8. montana (Knight, Prot. 80); stem 5-6 ft. high ; leaves

1-1} in. long, closely 3-pinnatifid from their base, pubescent ;

peduncles 1-3, cottony; bracts suddenly smooth above their base.

externally.

Coast Recton: Paarl Div. ; mountains near the Brede River, Niven.

63. S. pulchella (Knight, Prot. 89); leaves 1-3 in. long, trifid

from the middle, rarely pinnatifid, glabrous ; heads subsessile ; bracts

long, linear, attenuated, hirsute ; anthers obtuse.

Coast REGION : Cape Div. ; Fish Hoek, Niven ?

Knight quotes Protea cyanoides, Thunb. (Serruria cyanoides, R. Br.), as a

synonym of this species, but his description does not agree with Thunberg’s plant.

64. S. quinquemestris (Knight, Prot.87); stem 3-4 ft. high,

very branching ; leaves 6-8 lin. long, closely 2-pinnatifid from below

their middle, slightly pubescent ; heads 3-5, clustered ; bracts all

over very closely cottony ; stigma large.

Coast Recion : Malmesbury Div.; Paarde Berg, Niven.

65. 8. rangiferina (Knight, Prot. 86); a low shrub, about 2 ft.

high ; leaves 1-1} in. long, recurved, thinly 2-pinnatifid from below

their middle, somewhat pubescent ; panicle short, broadly pyramidal ;

bracts long, wedge-shaped, silky-cottony at their base; style ex-

ceedingly bowed.

Coast Recion: Paarl Div. ; near the Brede River, Niven.

66. S. zanthophylla (Knight, Prot. 86); leaves 1}~2 in. long,

2-pinnatifid almost from their middle, glandular, thinly silky ; heads.

clustered, nearly sessile; bracts broad, a little incurved, rhomb-

wedge-shaped, almost smooth ; style reclined.

Coast Recion : Tulbagh Div. ; Tulbagh Kloof, Niven.

686 PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). — [ Spatadla.

XI. SPATALLA, Salisb.

Flowers hermaphrodite, slightly zygomorphic. Perianth cylindric

in bud with an ellipsoid recurved limb, 4-partite to below the

middle, rarely only to the middle, always with a distinct tube ;

segments differentiated into claw and limb, the posticous (adaxial)

one larger and thicker than the 3 anticous, all more or less equally

hairy ; limbs often slightly recurved or rarely the claws spirally

twisted, obtuse or subacute, rarely long-acuminate. Stamens 4 ;

anthers broadly ovoid or rounded, sessile or subsessile, inserted at

the base of the limb ; connective always slightly produced into a

small globular point. Hypogynous scales 4, free, usually linear or

subulate. Ovary sessile or very shortly stipitate, hairy ; style

slender, terete, often slightly bent towards the apex, subpersistent,

glabrous ; stigma very small, situated in the middle of a flat or

concave oblique usually obovate disk. Ovule 1, laterally attached.

Fruit a pubescent brown shortly stipitate ovoid or ellipsoid nut with

a thin pericarp.

Usually small erect or spreading shrubs ; leaves often crowded and numerous,

ericoid or acicular, entire, often mucronate, mostly terete or rarely flat on the

upper side, straight or falcate, incurved or at length recurved, mostly thinly

pilose when young, at length becoming glabrous or nearly so; flowers in

1-flowered or few-flowered (3-4) involucres arranged in terminal sessile or

pedunculate spikes or racemes ; involucres calycoid, small, rarely membranous,

when 1-flowered bilabiate, posticous lip entire, anticous bifid or bilobed, trifid

_or trilobed or tripartite to near the base, each tooth opposite a flower, when

3-4-flowered then subregularly tripartite and often with a second smaller

involucre containing a rudimentary flower; bracts subtending the secondary

peduncles or the involucres solitary, usually linear or ianceolate ; perianth villous

or tomentose,

DistriB. Species 21, confined to the south-western coast region of Cape

Colony, excepting 1 species which occurs in the Prince Albert Division.

*Involucres 1-flowered, not containing a second rudi-

mentary involucre :

Involucres more or less membranous, nearly glabrous

outside, midrib of the anticous lip with a line of

dense hairs up the inside ; three anticous perianth-

segments at length spirally coiled and reflexed

. below the limb, the latter long-acuminate ..- (1) squamata.

Involucres not or scarcely membranous, usually very

hairy outside; midrib of anticous lip glabrous

inside (except in 2, ericoides); three anticous

perianth-segments not or rarely coiled, the limb

obtuse and not acuminate.

+Anticous lip of involucre 2-3-fid or 2-3-lobed to about

the middle or rarely entire :

Involucres sessile or on stalks less than 4 Jin. long:

Leaves about } in. long, concave and pilose on the

upper surface, glabrous and convex below ;

midrib of anticous lip of involucre hai

inside = 4. oy, wih LG vii ... (2) ericoides.

Spatalla,| | PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). 687

Leaves $—} in. long, subterete with a very narrow

groove on the upper side, silky-pilose except

when quite old; midrib of anticous lip of

involucre glabrous inside ia ire +. (3) sericea.

Involucres on stalks 1 lin. long or more, but rarely

# lin. long:

Anticous lip of involuere entire or bifid :

Leaves permanently long-pilose ; racemes sessile ( 4) mollis.

Leaves soon glabrous ; racemes pedunculate ... (7) Galpinii.

Anticous lip of involucre trifid or trilobed :

Leaves more or less strongly incurved ; racemes

pedunculate :

Leaves 13-1} in. long; subtending bracts

3-4 lin. long; anticous lip of involucre

3-lobed nearly to the middle... .-. (5) longifolia.

Leaves 3-1} in. long; subtending bracts

about 14 lin. long; anticous lip of

involucre shortly 3-toothed :

Leaves thicker in the upper part, nearly

3 lin. in diam., strongly curved ... (6) curvifolia,

Leaves slender, not or only slightly thicker

in the upper part, about 4 lin. in diam.,

slightly curved ... Kae eee -» (7) Galpinii.

Leaves straight or only slightly incurved ;

racemes sessile or if shortly pedunculate

then lax-flowered :

Racemes lax-flowered ; subtending bracts

shorter than the secondary peduncles ... (8) gracilis.

Racemes rather dense-flowered ; subtending

bracts longer than the secondary

peduncles :

Leaves 4 in. long, rather lax ; bracts less

than 2 lin. long... “ae baa ... (9) brachyloba,

Leaves 1-1} in. long, rather crowded ;

bracts about 4 lin. long +» eee (10) cylindrica.

+tAnticous lip of involucre 3-partite to the base or

nearly to the base :

Branches quite glabrous; perianth-tube as long as

the claws | jae aes ai ‘eh ... (11) colorata.

Branches silky-pubescent or villous ; perianth-tube

usually much shorter than the claws :

Involucres on stalks 1 lin. long or more :

Leaves spreading almost at right angles,

arcuate, at length partially recurved ;

racemes clustered and more or less

pedunculate at the apex of each shoot ... (12) bombycina.

Leaves more or less erect or ascending, not or

rarely slightly recurved ; racemes solitary

and sessile at the apex of each shoot :

Leaves 4-3 in. long; bracts about 4 lin.

long, usually exceeding the inyolucre (13) parilis.

Leaves 4-4 in. long ; bracts 2-3 lin. long,

reaching to the top of the involucre ... (14) Bolusii.

688 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). —[ Spatalla.

Involucres sessile or subsessile :

Perianth-tube nearly as long as the claws of

the segments, claws glabrous in the

lower half except on the margin... ... (15) prolifera.

Perianth-tube much shorter than the claws,

the latter tomentose outside :

Branches of previous years’ growth leafless ;

leaves on the young shoots crowded,

slender, scarcely } lin. in diam. ; hairs

on the perianth-limb slightly longer

than those on the claw ee ... (16) Burchellii.

Branches of previous years’ growth leafy ;

leaves lax, stouter, nearly $ lin, in

diam.; hairs on the _ perianth-limb

much longer than those on the claw ... (17) barbigera.

**Involucres 3-4-flowered, usually containing a second

smaller subsessile involucre with a rudimentary

flower :

Leaves 3-4 lin, long, about 4 lin. thick, stiff; racemes

few-flowered ... ee sae se oes ... (18) Wallichii.

Leaves 6-12 lin. long, about } lin. thick, often slender ;

racemes usually many-flowered :

Leaves nearly straight, abruptly mucronate ... ... (19) mucronifolia.

Leaves strongly falcate, gradually mucronate :

Involucres on peduncles 3-1? lin. long ; perianth-

segments straight in the open flower; fruits

stipitate ... ase Ee ewe ey ... (20) procera.

Involucres subsessile; three perianth-segments

spirally twisted in the open flower ; fruits not

stipitate ... ash pe ins ioe .-- (21) thyrsiflora.

1. §. squamata (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 310) ; branches thinly

pilose or nearly glabrous ; leaves }—} in. long, scarcely } lin. broad,

linear, acute, glabrous or scantily pilose; involucres 1-flowered,

arranged in sessile solitary or 2-3 terminal spikes ; spikes $—1} in.

long ; subtending bracts 24 lin. long, linear or lanceolate, subacutely

acuminate, membranous or chaffy, glabrous or nearly so outside,.

ciliate ; involucre 23-3 lin. long, coloured, bilabiate, more or less

membranous or chaffy, thinly pilose outside or nearly glabrous ;

upper lip ovate, entire, lower 3-toothed, 3-nerved, with a dense line

of hairs on the middle nerve within, teeth about } lin. long, ovate,

subacute ; perianth-tube } lin. long, glabrous ; segments 3} lin. long,

the 5 anticous twisting spirally and reflexed below the limb, the

posticous one straight ; claws shortly pubescent with crisped hairs ;

limb } lin. long, ovate with a long acuminate fleshy appendage at

the apex, villous outside ; anthers } lin. long ; hypogynous scales 3,

+ lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, fleshy, glabrous; ovary 4} lin. long ;

style 3} lin. long, subterete; stigmatic disk } lin. long, obovate,

with a small central coniéal stigma. é

SoutH AFRica: without locality, Thom, 164! Ludwiy!

Spatalla.] PROTEACE% (Phillips & Hutchinson). 689

Coast Recion: Bredasdorp Div.: Koude River, Schlechter, 9612! near Elim,

Bolus, 7666! 7867 !

Meisner places this species amongst the set with 3-4-flowered involucres. His

type however is very imperfect and almost devoid of flowers, but the specimens

‘quoted above, which seem to be the same, all have 1-flowered involucres.

2. 8. ericoides (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 334) ; branches

thinly adpressed-pilose ; leaves 3-4 lin. long, erect, ericoid, subacute,

thinly pilose and concave on the upper surface, glabrous and convex

below ; involucres 1-flowered, arranged in solitary sessile terminal

spikes ; spikes cylindric, about 1 in. long ; subtending bracts 2 lin.

long, 4 lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, membranous, long adpressed-

villous outside ; involucre about 2 lin. long, bilabiate, silky-villous

outside, with a ring of long hairs at the base within and a line of

hairs extending from the base up the inside of the midrib of the

-anticous lip; posticous lip ovate, entire, anticous 3-toothed, teeth ovate,

subacute ; perianth-tube very short, glabrous ; segments 3-34 lin. long,

linear-spathulate ; claw shortly tomentellous; limb ovate, obtuse,

villous outside ; anthers sessile; hypogynous scales } lin. long,

linear; ovary villous; style 24 lin. long, subterete, glabrous ;

stigmatic disk } lin. long, obovate, flat on the face.

Sour Arrica : without locality or collector’s name in the Capetown and Kew

Herbaria !

3. 8. sericea (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 147); branches

adpressed-pilose ; leaves $—? in. long, terete except for a single very

narrow groove on the upper side, silky-pilose except when old ;

involucres 1-flowered, arranged in sessile solitary terminal spikes ;

spikes }—1 in. long, ovate-lanceolate ; subtending bracts 2} lin. long,

linear, acute, pilose, equalling or slightly exceeding the involucre ;

involucre about 1} lin. long, bilabiate, pilose outside, glabrous

within except for a ring of hairs at the base ; upper lip lanceolate,

entire, lower trilobed to near the middle, lobes lanceolate, acute ;

perianth-tube } lin. long, glabrous ; segments 24 lin. long, linear-

spathulate ; claw tomentose ; limb } lin. long, ovate, obtuse, villous

outside ; anthers sessile; hypogynous scales j lin. long, linear ;

ovary villous; style 2} lin. long, subterete, glabrous; stigmatic

disk } lin. long, obovate, with a minute central conical stigma.

Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 394; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 308,

excl. syn. E. Meyer. 8S. ramulosa, Sieber ex Meisn. l.c., name only.

S. polystachya, Zeyher ex Meisn. l.c., name only, not of R. Br.

Protea sericifolia, Poir, Encyel. Suppl. iv. 578. :

SoutH Arrica: without locality, Roxburgh! Sieber, 471!

Coast Recion: George Div. ; north of Cradock Berg, Thom, 505! Uniondale

Div. ; Lange Kloof, Mund!

4. §. mollis (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 144); branches long-

pilose ; leaves }—3 in. long, terete, subacutely apiculate, minutely

punctate, long and rather thinly pilose, at length becoming nearly

VOL. V.—SECT. 1. ae

690 pROTEACEs (Phillips & Hutchinson). — [Spatalla.

glabrous ; heads 1-flowered, in sessile terminal solitary racemes ;

racemes 3-1 in. long ; subtending bracts 1} lin. long, linear, acute,

ciliate ; secondary peduncles 1 lin. long, pilose ; involucre 1} lin.

long, bilabiate, densely pilose outside, long-setose within at the base-

but otherwise glabrous; upper lip entire, ovate, lower entire or

bifid, teeth ovate, acute ; perianth-tube ? lin. long, \ glabrous ;

segments 1} lin. long, linear-spathulate, densely tomentose ; limb.

1 lin. long, ovate, subobtuse, densely villous outside ; anthers sessile,

lin. long, oblong ; hypogynous scales } lin. long, linear ; ovary

4 lin. long, shortly pilose ; style 1} lin. long, cylindric, slightly

pubescent for a short distance at the base; stigmatic disk } lin.

long, lateral, obovate, with a small conical swelling in the middle.

Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 392 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 306..

S. pilosa, Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 335. Protea mollis, Poir.

Encyel. Suppl. iv. 577 not of 567.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Roxburgh !

Coast Recion : Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland Mountains, Zeyher,

3720 partly!

There are several specimens on the type sheet at the British Museum, and the

lower lip of the involucre is sometimes entire and bifid on the same inflorescence.

5. 8. longifolia (Knight, Prot. 77); a shrub 4-7 ft. high;

branches permanently adpressed-pubescent with whitish hairs ;.

leaves 14-14 in. long, 3 lin. thick, incurved, terete, acutely

apiculate, slightly narrowed to the base, narrowly channelled on

the upper side, pubescent when young, at length becoming glabrous ;.

heads 1-flowered, in pedunculate solitary or 2 terminal racemes ;

racemes cylindric, 14-2 in. long, over } in. in diam. ; peduncle:

about 1 in. long, silky-pubescent, bearing a few subulate pubescent

bracts about 1} lin. long; subtending bracts 3-4 lin. long,

foliaceous, subacutely apiculate, silky-pilose ; secondary peduncles

about half as long as the bracts, adpressed-pubescent ; involucre

1} lin. long, bilabiate, silky-pilose outside ; upper lip ovate-lanceolate,

acute, lower trilobed to about the middle ; perianth-tube { lin. long,

glabrous towards the base ; segments 2—2} lin. long, linear-spathu-

late, tomentose ; limb 4 lin. long, ovate, subacute, villous ; anthers

sessile, } lin. long; ovary 3 lin. long, subglobose, densely villous ;

style 2 lin. long, cylindrical ; stigmatic disk } lin. long, obovate.

S. nivea, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 145 ; Roem. & Schultes, Syst.

Veg. iii, 392 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 307. 8. bracteata, R. Br.

lc. 146; Roem. & Schultes, lc. 394; Meisn. l.c. 308. Protea nived,

rise Encycl. Suppl. iv. 578. P. bracteolaris, Poir. l.c., excl, syn.

nn.

South ArrIca: without locality, Niven! Masson !

Coast Reaion: Paarl Div. ; French Hoek, Niven, 37 !

6. S. curvifolia (Knight, Prot. 77); a small shrub up to

3 ft. high; branches silky-pubescent when young, soon becoming

glabrous ; leaves $—1} in. long, 3-} lin. thick, strongly ineurved,.

Spatalla.] PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). 691

acicular, subobtusely apiculate, narrowed to the base, pilose or

villous when young, soon becoming glabrous ; heads 1-flowered, in

pedunculate solitary or 2-3 terminal racemes ; racemes cylindric,

1-2} in. long, nearly 4 in. in diam. ; peduncle }~1? in. long,

adpressed-pubescent, with a few subulate subacute puberulous bracts

about 1 lin. long; subtending bracts about 1} lin. long, linear,

thinly pubescent ; secondary peduncles slightly shorter than the

bracts, adpressed-pubescent ; involucre about 1} lin. long, bilabiate,

densely adpressed-pubescent ; upper lip ovate, entire, lower shortly

3-toothed ; perianth-tube 2 lin. long, glabrous ; segments 2-21 lin.

long, linear-spathulate, densely villous; limb about 3 lin. long,

ovate, subobtuse, villous ; anthers subsessile, } lin. long ; hypogynous

scales } lin. long, linear; ovary globose, densely villous ; style

2 lin. long, glabrous ; stigmatic disk 4 lin. long, obovate, with a

minute conical swelling in the middle ; fruit 2 lin, long, cylindric,

obtuse, tomentose. S$. pedunculata, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x.

144; Roem. d& Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 392; Meisn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 306. S$. ramulosa, R. Br. lc. 145, partly ; Roem. & Schultes, lc.

393, partly ; Meisn. lc. 307, partly. 8. abietina, Roem. & Schultes,

lc, 397, fide Meisn. l.c. 307. Protea racemosa, Linn. Herb. ex Meisn.

Ic. 307, not of Linn. Mant. P. abietina, Licht. ex Roem. & Schultes,

le. 397 ; Willd. ex Meisn. le. 307. P. pedunculata, Poir. Eneyel.

Suppl. iv. 578.

Sout Arrica: without locality, Bowie !

Coast REGION: Cape Div.: Table Mountain, Schlechter, 180a! Stellenbosch

Div. ; Hottentots Holland, Niven, 36! Zeyher, 3721, partly! Ludwig! Caledon

Div. ; between Palmiet River and Lowrys Pass, Burchell, 8179! Little Houw

Hoek, Roxburgh! Baviaans Kloof, Lichtenstein, 112 ; Zwart Berg, near Caledon,

Pappe !

7. 8. Galpinii (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 334) ; branches

very shortly pubescent, at length becoming glabrous, reddish-purple ;

leaves slender, slightly incurved, }—3 in. long, about } lin. in diam.,

subterete, acutely mucronate, narrowly channelled on the upper

side, adpressed-pilose when young, at length becoming quite

glabrous; involucres 1-flowered, arranged in shortly pedunculate

solitary or paired terminal racemes, the latter dense-flowered, 1-1}

in. long, conical; peduncle about } in. long, shortly and silky-

pubescent ; subtending bracts about 2} lin. long, linear, subacute,

ciliate towards the base, exceeding or subequalling the secondary

peduncles, the latter 2 lin. long, silky-pubescent ; involucre 1} lin.

long, bilabiate, adpressed-pilose outside; upper lip entire, ovate-

_ lanceolate, lower 3-toothed (2-toothed in Galpin, 4485), teeth ovate,

acute ; perianth-tube 3 lin. long, glabrous; segments 2} lin. long,

claw more shortly villous than the limb, the latter } lin. long,

ovate-lanceolate, subacute; anthers sessile, rounded ; hypogynous

scales 3 lin. long, linear ; ovary densely villous ; style 13 lin. long,

subterete ; stigmatic disk } lin. long, obovate.

Sours Arrica: without locality, Thom, 939!

692 PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). — [Spatadla.

Coast Recron: Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland Mountains, Pappe!

Caledon Div. ; Klein River, Schlechter, 7608! Hermanus, Galpin, 4485! Bredas-

dorp Div. ; near Elim, Bolus, 7869 ! 8594!

8. §. gracilis (Knight, Prot. 77); branches very shortly

adpressed-pubescent or glabrous; leaves 3-1} in. long, acicular,

terete, acute or subacute, thinly adpressed-pubescent when young,

soon becoming quite glabrous; heads 1-flowered, in lax shortly

pedunculate terminal racemes ; racemes 1}—2 in. long ; bracts about

1 lin. long, subulate, adpressed-pubescent ; secondary peduncles

about twice as long as the bracts, shortly pubescent ; involucre

1 lin. long, bilabiate, silky-pubescent outside ; upper lip entire, ovate,

lower lip shortly 3-toothed, teeth more or less triangular ; perianth-

tube ? lin. long, glabrous in the lower part ; segments 1} lin. long,

linear-spathulate, densely whitish-tomentose ; limb 3 lin. long, ovate,

densely tomentose ; anthers sessile, } lin. long ; hypogynous scales

filiform ; ovary 3 lin. long, globose, densely villous ; style 1? lin.

long, glabrous ; stigmatic disk } lin. long, obovate ; fruit 2 lin. long,

cylindric, densely pubescent. S. ramulosa, R. Br. in Trans. Linn.

Soc. x. 145, partly ; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 393 ; Spreng.

Syst. i. 471 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 307, partly. S. laxa, R. Br.

lc. 146; Roem. & Schultes, l.c.; Meisn. lc. Leucadendron racemo-—

sum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed.i.91; Berg. in Vet. Akad. Handl. Stockh. 17 66,

325; Berg. Deser. Pl. Cap. 23. Protea racemosa, Linn. Mant. alt.

187; Thunb. Diss. Prot. 25; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 127.

P. lawa, Poir. Eneycl. Swppl. iv. 578.—Protea foliis setaceis, ete.,

Linn. Hort, Cliff. 496.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Thunberg ! Thom, 699!

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div.; New Kloof, Roxburgh! Lichtenstein, 110,

Ludwig! Caledon Div.; Houw Hoek Mountains, Niven, 16! Mund, 52!

Roxburgh | Zeyher, 77, 3721 partly ! Pappe! Ludwig, Gueinzius | MacOwan, 2726 !

Bolus, Herb, Norm, Austr.-Afr., 360! Schlechter, 5465! 7384! Galpin, 4487!

Pillans! Hermanus, Galpin, 4486! Swellendam Div. ; on mountains, Bowie !

9. S. brachyloba (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 333) ; a shrub

about 1 ft. high; branches terete, pilose or thinly villous when

young, at length becoming glabrous; leaves } in. long, terete,

subacutely mucronate, the youngest very scantily pilose, soon

becoming glabrous; involucres 1-flowered, arranged in sessile -

solitary or paired terminal racemes; racemes }-1 in. long ; sub-

tending bracts 1$ lin. long, linear, subacute, adpressed-pilose,

slightly exceeding the secondary peduncles, the latter 1 lin. long,

pilose ; involucre 1 lin. long, bilabiate, adpressed-pilose outside ;

upper lip ovate, entire, lower 3-toothed, teeth ovate, obtuse,

glabrous within; perianth-tube } lin. long, glabrous ; segments

about 2 lin. long, linear-spathulate ; claw villous ; limb elliptic,

obtuse, densely villous; anthers subsessile ; hypogynous scales

lanceolate, acuminate, acute ; ovary ovoid, villous ; style 2 lin. long;

subterete, slightly hairy at the base ; stigmatic disk lateral, } hie-

long, obovate, with a minute conical central projection.

Spatalla.| | PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). 695.

Coast Recton: Stellenbosch Div.; Hottentots Holland Mountains, near

Lowrys Pass, MacOwan, Herb. Austr.-Afr., 1762! and without number in the

Cape Herbarium !

10. 8. cylindrica (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 334) ; branches

adpressed-pilose when young, at length glabrous where devoid of

leaves ; leaves 1-14 in. long, subterete, obtuse, adpressed-villous, at

length becoming glabrous ; involucres 1-flowered, arranged in sessile

solitary terminal racemes; racemes 13-2 in. long, more or less

. cylindric ; subtending bracts 4} lin. long, subterete, with a slightly

swollen callous obtuse apex, ciliate towards the base, exceeding the

secondary peduncles, the latter 14-2 lin. long, shortly pubescent ;

involucre 1 lin. long, bilabiate, adpressed-pilose outside; upper lip

ovate-lanceolate, entire, lower 3-lobed to about the middle, lobes

ovate, subacute ; perianth-tube } lin. long, glabrous; segments

about 24 lin. long, linear-spathulate; claw whitish-tomentose ;

limb ovate, subacute, densely villous outside ; anthers } lin. long,

rounded ; hypogynous scales 3 lin. long, linear; ovary subglobose,

villous; style 2 lin. long, subterete; stigmatic disk } lin. long,

obovate.

Coast Recon: Stellenbosch Div. ; mountains of Lowry’s Pass, Burchell, 8212!

Schlechter, 7230!

11. 8. colorata (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 308); a shrub up to

14 ft. high ; branches glabrous, bark reddish-purple ; leaves $—} in.

long, terete, acutely mucronate, glabrous ; involucres 1-flowered,

arranged in sessile solitary terminal racemes ; racemes }—} in. long ;

subtending bracts 2 lin. long, linear, acute, long-ciliate ; secondary

peduncles nearly 1 lin. long, slightly pubescent ; involucre 1} lin.

long, bilabiate, pilose outside ; upper lip subulate-lanceolate, entire,

lower tripartite almost to the base, segments subulate-lanceolate,

acute, long-ciliate ; perianth-tube about 1 lin. long, as long as the

claw, glabrous ; segments about 2 lin. long, linear-spathulate, villous

outside; limb elliptic, obtuse, densely villous outside ; anthers

sessile ; hypogynous scales } lin. long, narrowly linear; ovary

pubescent ; style 24 lin. long, slender, subterete, bent near the

apex ; stigmatic disk oblique, } lin. long, obovate.

Sourn AFRIca: without locality, Ecklon, 18!

Coast Recion: Swellendam Div.; by the River Zondereinde, near Appels

Kraal, Zeyher, 8718! Knofflooks Kraal, Pappe!

12. S. bombycina (Knight, Prot. 76); an erect shrub 4 ft. high ;

branches leafy, silky-villous ; leaves }-1 in. long, arcuate, spreading

almost at right angles, at length partially reflexed, subterete, long

and acutely mucronate, silky-pilose, becoming nearly glabrous when

old; involucres 1-flowered, arranged in pedunculate racemes in

terminal clusters of 3-4; racemes 1-1} in. long; peduncles about

4 lin. long, pilose ; subtending bracts 3 lin. long, linear-lanceolate,

acutely acuminate, pubescent ; secondary peduncles 1 lin. long,

694 PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). — [Spatadla.

pubescent; involucre 2 lin. long, bilabiate, pubescent outside ;

upper lip linear-lanceolate, entire, lower tripartite almost to the

base, segments linear-lanceolate, acutely acuminate ; perianth-tube

short, nearly glabrous; segments 3 lin. long, linear-spathulate,

villous outside; limb ovate, subacute, villous outside ; anthers

sessile; ovary pilose; style 24 lin. long, subterete, glabrous ;

stigmatic disk 4 lin. long, obovate; fruit 1} lin. long, brown,

ellipsoid, pilose. S. polystachya, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 148;

Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 395 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 308.

Protea polystachya, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 579.

Souru Arrica: without locality, Roxburgh ! :

Coast Recion: Caledon Div.; Zoetemelks Valley, Niven! mountains of

Baviaans Kloof, near Genadendal, Burchell, 7796 !

13. 8. parilis (Knight, Prot. 75); a shrub about 5 ft. high ;

branches pilose ; leaves erect or suberect, never recurved, $—} in.

long, terete, acutely mucronate, silky-pilose when young, at length

becoming glabrous ; involucres 1-flowered, arranged in sessile solitary

terminal racemes, the latter more or less conical, 1-1} in. long ;

subtending bracts 3-4 lin. long, linear, acutely mucronate, silky-

pubescent, exceeding the secondary peduncles, the latter 1-1} lin.

long, pubescent ; involucre 24 lin. long, bilabiate, pilose outside ;

upper Jip entire, lanceolate, acute; lower lip tripartite to near the

base, segments 1} lin. long, subulate, very acute ; perianth-tube

about 3 lin. long, glabrous; segments 3-34 lin. long, linear-

spathulate, densely villous outside ; limb ovate, subacute ; anthers

rounded ; hypogynous scales small; ovary ellipsoid, villous ; style

2} lin. long, subterete, bent above ; stigmatic disk obovate, with a

minute conical projection in the middle. S. pyramidalis, R. Br. in

Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 148; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 399 5

Meisn. in DOC. Prodr. xiv. 308. Protea pyramidalis, Poir. Encycel.

Suppl. iv. 578.

Sourn Arrica ; without locality, Thunberg !

Coast Recioy : Swellendam Div. ; mountains near Swellendam, Roxburgh!

Mund, 53! Bolus, 8094! and Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr. 686! Riversdale

Div. ; near the waterfall at Garcias Pass, Burchell, 6988 ; lower part of the

Langeberg Range at Garcias Pass, Burchell, 6955 ! Schlechter, 1772! Galpin, 4488 !

Phillips, 511! :

14. §. Bolusii (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 333) ; branches

whitish-villous; leaves 1-3 in. long, suberect, slightly incurved,

terete, acutely mucronate, thinly and spreadingly villous ; involucres

1-flowered, arranged in sessile solitary terminal racemes ; racemes

ovoid or ellipsoid, $1 in. long; bracts 2-3 lin. long, linear, acute,

pilose, reaching the top of the involucre ; secondary peduncles 3-1

lin. long, pilose ; involucre 1? lin. long, bilabiate, acdpressed-pilose

outside; upper lip subulate-lanceolate, entire, lower tripartite to

near the base; segments subulate-lanceolate, acute ; perianth-tube

about } lin. long, glabrous; segments 2-2} lin. long, linear-

Spatalla.| proTEACEa (Phillips & Hutchinson). 695

spathulate, densely pubescent; limb ovate, subobtuse, densely

villous outside; anthers ovate; hypogynous scales small; ovary

whitish-villous ; style 2} lin. long, subterete, bent below the stigma ;

stigmatic disk } lin. long, obovate.

Coast Reaion : Riversdale Div. ; Garcias Pass, Bolus, 11361!

15. 8. prolifera (Knight, Prot. 75); an erect shrub about 2 ft.

high ; branches erect, leafy, slender, pubescent ; leaves erect, 3-4

lin, long, about } lin. in diam., flat on the upper side, convex below,

acutely. mucronate, thinly pilose when young, soon becoming

glabrous ; involucres 1-flowered, arranged in sessile solitary terminal

spikes ; spikes few-flowered, about } in. long, more or less ellipsoid ;

subtending bracts } in. long, linear-subulate, ciliate ; involucre 2}

lin. long, bilabiate, pubescent outside, upper lip lanceolate, entire,

lower tripartite to near the base, segments subulate, subacute ;

perianth-tube as long as the claws of the segments, glabrous; _

segments 2-24 lin. long, linear-spathulate ; claw nearly glabrous ;

limb obtuse, villous; anthers sessile, rounded; ovary globose,

villous; style 2} lin. long, subterete ; stigmatic disk } lin. long,

obovate. BR. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 147; Roem. & Schiultes,

Syst. Veg. iii. 394 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 308, eacl. Ecklon, 18.

Protea prolifera, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 29, t. 4; Linn. f. Suppl. 118 ;

Lam. Ill. i. 238; Thunb. Prodr. 26 ; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 518; Poir.

Encycl. v. 654 ; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 129.

Sourn AFRICA: without locality, Masson ! Roxburgh !

Coast REGION: Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland Mountains, Thunberg !

Zeyher, 3719, Pappe, 10!

16. §. Burchellii (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 333); a shrub

14 ft. high ; branches of the previous years’ growth devoid of leaves,

adpressed-pilose, becoming glabrous with age; leaves 3-+ in. long,

scarcely } lin. in diam., crowded, slender, terete, acutely mucronate,

glabrous or sometimes with a few scattered hairs when young ;

involucres I-flowered, arranged in sessile solitary terminal spikes ;

spikes few-flowered, 3-5 lin. long; subtending bracts 2 lin. long, linear-

subulate, subacutely acuminate, ciliate, equalling the involucre ;

involucre 14 lin. long, bilabiate, pubescent outside; upper lip entire,

lower deeply tripartite ; segments ovate-lanceolate, subacutely

acuminate ; perianth-tube pubescent ; segments 2-24 lin. long,

linear-spathulate ; claw tomentose; limb ovate, obtuse, densely

villous; anthers rounded; hypogynous scales 3 lin. long, subulate,

acute; ovary } lin. long, globose, densely villous ; style 1} lin. long,

terete ; stigmatic disk } lin. long, obovate.

Coast ReGron : George Div.; Cradock Berg, near George, Burchell, 5899 !

17. 8. barbigera (Knight, Prot. 76); branches leafy, pilose ;

leaves lax, }-} in. long, nearly 4 lin. in diam., straight or slightly

curved, linear, acutely mucronate, channelled on the upper surtace,

696 PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). = [Spatalla.

more or less adpressed-pilose; spikes 2-3 terminating each shoot,

conical when young, 1-1} in. long; bracts 2} lin. long, linear-

subulate, acute, pubescent on the back, ciliate, exceeding the in-

volucres in the young inflorescence, at length somewhat shorter ;

involucre I-flowered, 2 lin. long, bilabiate, pubescent outside ; upper

lip entire, lower deeply tripartite, segments ovate-lanceolate, acute,

ciliate ; perianth-tube shorter than the claws of the segments,

glabrous ; segments 1? lin. long, linear-spathulate, claw tomentose ;

limb } lin. long, ovate, subobtuse, long-villous outside; anthers

sessile ; ovary whitish-villous ; style 2? lin. long, terete, glabrous ;

stigmatic disk } lin. long, rectangular, with a minute central conical

production ; fruits shortly stipitate, 1} lin. long, ellipsoid, pubescent.

S. sericea, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 308, as to following syn., not of

R. Br. Phylica abietina, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente,

65, 210, not of Eckl. & Zeyh.

Coast Recton: Riversdale Div. ; Platte Kloof, Niven! George Div. ; Montagu

Pass, Schlechter, 5831!

Centrat Recton: Prince Albert Div. ; Great Zwartberg Range, Drege !

18. §. Wallichii (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 336); a much-

branched shrub; branches yerticillate, tomentose or woolly-pubes-

cent, at length becoming glabrous; leaves 3-4 lin. long, subterete,.

very acutely mucronate, somewhat incurved towards the apex,

pilose, at length glabrous ; involucres 3—4-flowered, arranged in

shortly pedunculate solitary or 2-3 terminal racemes, the latter

#1 in. long, few-flowered ; secondary peduncles 1 lin. long,

villous ; subtending bracts 2 lin. long, lanceolate or linear-lanceo-

late, acute, 3—-5-nerved, pilose outside ; involucre 2 lin. long, sub-

regularly tripartite to near the base ; segments ovate; perianth-

tube 1 lin. long, glabrous towards the base; segments 24 lin.

long, linear-spathulate, villous outside ; limb 2 lin. long, ovate,

subacute; anthers rounded ; hypogynous scales small; ovary

obovoid, densely pilose ; style 2} lin. long, terete, curved above ;.

stigmatic disk } lin. long, obovate, with a minute central conical

projection ; fruit shortly stipitate, 2} lin. long, ellipsoid, pilose,

tipped by the persistent style.

Coast Reaion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Cederberg Range, Wallich!

19. §. mucronifolia (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 335) ;

branches pubescent or almost tomentose ; leaves 5-81 lin. long,

suberect, subterete, very acutely and rather abruptly mucronate,

thinly pilose ; involucre 3-flowered, arranged in sessile or shortly

pedunculate solitary or 2-5 terminal racemes; racemes 1-1} in.

long; subtending bracts 2 lin. long, linear or linear-lanceolate,

acute, pilose, equalling or slightly exceeding the secondary peduncles,

the latter 1} lin. long, pubescent; involucre 24 lin. long, sub-

regularly tripartite to the base; segments 2 lin. long, ovate, shortly

acutely acuminate, ciliate; perianth-tube 4—? lin. long, pubescent

Spatalla.| PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). 697

in the upper part; segments 3-4 lin. long, linear-spathulate ;

claws tomentose ; limb ovate-elliptic, obtuse, tomentose or shortly

villous ; anthers rounded; hypogynous scales 1 lin. long, linear ;

ovary ? lin. long, oblong-ellipsoid, villous; style 2? lin. long, terete,

obliquely inserted ; stigmatic disk } lin. long, elliptic, with a small

conical projection on the face. S. Thunbergii, var. Dregei, Meisn.~

in DC. Prodr. xiv. 310.

Coast Region: Clanwilliam Div. ; Cederberg Mountains, at Pakhuis Pass,

Bolus, 9083! Pakhuisberg, Schlechter, 8611! 10814! Ezelsbank? Drége!

20. S. procera (Knight, Prot. 76); a tall slender shrub up to

8 ft. high ; branches hirsute or pubescent; leaves }-1 in. long,

faleate, incurved, terete, rather slender, very acutely mucronate,

subadpressed-pilose, at length glabrous; involucres 3-flowered, and

containing another smaller involucre with a rudimentary flower,

arranged in sessile or subsessile solitary or 2-6 terminal racemes,

the latter 1}-2 in. long; subtending bracts 14-2} lin. long, linear

or linear-lanceolate to ovate, acute, pubescent outside, shorter than

or slightly exceeding the secondary peduncles, the latter ?~1? lin.

long, hirsute; involucre 14~2 lin. long, subregularly tripartite to

the base; segments ovate, acutely acuminate, pubescent outside ;

perianth-tube $—} lin. long, glabrous ; segments 2} lin. long, linear-

spathulate ; claw villous; limb elliptic, subacute, densely villous

outside; anthers rounded ; hypogynous scales } lin. long, linear ;

ovary oblong-ellipsoid, rusty-pubescent ; style 2} lin, long, sub-

terete ; stigmatic disk } lin. long, almost circular, with a small

central conical projection; fruit 1} lin. long, stipitate, ellipsoid,

crowned by the persistent style. S. nana, Knight, lc. 8S. incurva,

vars. a and B, R. Br. in Trans. Linn, Soc. x. 149 ; Roem. & Schultes,

Syst. Veg. iti. 395; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 309, inel. vars. laxior,

densior and Zeyheri, Meisn. Protea incurva, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 26,

t. 3; Murr. Syst. Veg. ed. xiv. 138; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 516; Thunb.

Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 128.

Soutn Arrica : without locality, Roxburgh ! Gueinzius! Hornstedt!

Coast Recton: Tulbagh Div.; Tulbagh Waterfall, Niven, 34! Roxburgh !

Witsenberg Range and Tulbagh, Zeyher, 1480! Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof,

Drége! Paarl Div.; French Hoek, Niven, 35! Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots

Holland Mountains, Pappe! Zeyher, 3720 partly !

The bracts subtending the secondary peduncles are very variable in length and

shape even on the same specimen.

21. §. thyrsiflora (Knight, Prot. 74); a decumbent shrub ;

branches tomentellous; leaves 3-1 in. long, faleate, subterete,

subacutely and gradually mucronate, very shortly adpressed-pilose

when young, at length glabrous and slightly shining; involucres

3-flowered, and containing another smaller involucre with a rudi-

mentary flower, arranged in dense sessile solitary terminal spikes,

the latter about } in. long; subtending bracts about 2 lin. Jong,

ovate, slightly acuminate, pilose, ciliate ; involucre 2-3 lin. long,

698. - PROTEACES (Phillips & Hutchinson). | Spatalla.

tripartite ; segments lanceolate, pubescent ; perianth-tube 1 lin.

Jong, sparingly pubescent; segments about 4 lin. long ; claws

shortly villous, the adaxial one straight, the other three spirally

coiled in the open flower; limb ovate, villous; anthers oblong ;

hypogynous scales linear-lanceolate ; ovary pubescent ; style about

5 lin. long, curved, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, subovoid, obtuse ;

fruits sessile, 2 lin. long, 1 lin. broad, oblong-ellipsoid, subacute,

pubescent. Sorocephalus spatalloides, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc.

x. 141; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 390 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 304.

Coast Region: Caledon Diy. ; Zwart Berg, Niven, 29! Mund!

XII. SPATALLOPSIS, Phillips.

Flowers hermaphrodite, actinomorphic. Perianth straight and

cylindric in bud with an ellipsoid limb, 4-partite to below the

middle; tube glabrous or nearly so; segments differentiated into

a slender hairy claw and an elliptic or ovate obtuse villous limb,

the latter often becoming recurved. Stamens 4 ; anthers ellipsoid,

sessile, inserted at the base of the limb; connective slightly pro-

duced into a small globular point. Hypogynous scales 4, free,

linear. Ovary sessile or subsessile, hairy; style slender, terete,

often slightly bent towards the apex, subpersistent, glabrous ;

stigma conical or subclavate, terminal. Ovule 1, laterally attached.

Fruits as in Spatalla.

Habit of Spataila ; flowers in 3—4-flowered involucres arranged in terminal spikes

or racemes ; involucres calycoid, small, more or less regularly 4-partite to near the

base ; bract subtending the secondary peduncles or the involucre solitary, linear to

ovate ; perianth tomentose or villous.

DisrriB, Species 5, confined to the South-Western Region of Cape Colony.

Involucres and subtending bracts glabrous or nearly so

outside, the latter very shortly ciliolate or glabrous

on the margin ; leaves quite glabrous when mature :

Leaves 34-5 lin. long, subacute; subtending bracts

1 lin. long, reaching to the base of the involucre (1) confusa.

Leaves 6-7 lin. long, acutely mucronate ; subtending

bracts 24 lin. long, reaching almost to the top of

the involuere... eee Bae ye we ... (2) caudata.

Involucres and subtending bracts densely pubescent or

villous, the latter ciliate, or when both only slightly

pubescent then the leaves permanently pilose with

long weak hairs:

Leaves 24-44 lin. long:

Leaves 24-3 (rarely 4) lin. long, obtuse or subobtuse ;

spikes mostly several together; bracts and "

involucres shortly whitish-pubescent ... ... (3) ericeefolia.

Leaves 3-44 lin. long, sharply and conspicuously

mucronate ; spikes solitary; bracts and in-

volucres rusty-villous .,. eg we ... (4) caudefiora.

Leaves 8-10 lin. long .... dc sn) ene. vee, (5) PrOpinguA.

Spatallopsis.| PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). 699

1. §. confusa (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 289, partly) ;

branches sparingly pubescent or nearly glabrous; leaves 34—5 lin.

long, 4—} lin. thick, subacute, glabrous except when quite young ;

involucres 2—3-flowered, arranged in subsessile terminal solitary or

subsolitary racemes, the latter }—-1 in. long; subtending bracts as

long as the secondary peduncles, glabrous or nearly so, minutely

ciliolate ; secondary peduncles 1 lin. long, whitish-pubescent ;

involucre rather unequally 4-partite, glabrous outside; perianth-

tube 14 lin. long, glabrous ; segments 2 lin. long, with a linear-

filiform minutely puberulous or nearly glabrous claw, and an

ovate-elliptic obtuse whitish-villous limb; anthers sessile; hypo-

gynous scales $ lin. long; ovary villous; style 2? lin. long, filiform,

glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, clavate. Spatalla brevifolia, E. Meyer

in Drége, Zwei Pf. Documente, 74, 222, not of R. Br.

Coast Reeion: Clanwilliam Div. ; Ezelsbank, Drége, 8079 ! Schlechter, 8838 !

CENTRAL ReGion: Prince Albert Div. ; Zwartberg Pass, Bolus, 11627 !

2. 8. caudata (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 290); branches

sparingly pilose when young, soon becoming glabrous or nearly so ;

leaves somewhat spreading and arcuate, 6-7 lin. long, about } lin.

broad, acutely mucronate, widely channelled on the upper side,

convex below, thinly pubescent or pilose when young, soon becoming

quite glabrous ; involucres 3—4-flowered, arranged in sessile solitary

or 3—4 terminal racemes, the latter 1-2} in. long ; subtending bracts

24 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad, ovate, gradually and subacutely

acuminate, membranous, glabrous on both sides, very sparingly

ciliate ; secondary peduncles $ lin. long, pubescent ; involucre sub-

regularly 4-partite to near the base ; segments 2 lin. long, 1-1} lin.

broad, ovate, acute, glabrous or thinly pubescent outside, sparingly

ciliate ; perianth-tube 1 lin. long, glabrous; segments 2 lin. long,

with a linear tomentose claw and an ovate obtuse villous limb;

anthers } lin. long; hypogynous scales small and filiform ; ovary

obovoid, villous; style 24 lin. long, filiform, glabrous ; stigma

obconic ; fruit shortly stipitate, 2 lin. long, ellipsoid, pubescent.

Spatalla caudeflora, Knight, Prot. 75, as to syn. Protea caudata,

Thunb., partly. S. caudata, R. “Br. in Trans. Linn. Soe. x. 150;

Roem, & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 396 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 310,

Protea caudata, Thunb. Diss. Prot, t. 2, not description, ex R. Br. lc.

Sovury AFrica: without locality, Thunberg! Herb. Forsyth in Herb. Kew. !

Coast Rrecion: Caledon Div. ; Palmiet River, Masson !

The specimens named Protea caudata in Thunberg’s own Herbarium are all

identical with the above and evidently the plant figured by him, Another,

however, collected by him and in Baron Alstrémer’s Herbarium at Stockholm is

evidently the one he described, which is 8. caudwflora.

3. 8. ericefolia (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 288) ; branches

purplish, pilose ; leaves erect, 2}~3 lin. long, obtuse or subobtuse,

very slightly incurved towards the apex, broadly channelled on the

upper side, convex below, about } lin. broad, slightly shining, thinly

700 PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). [Spatallopsis..

pilose ; involucres 3—4-flowered, arranged in solitary or more often

2—4 terminal spikes, the latter }-1 in. long, more or less cylindric ;

subtending bracts about 2 lin. long, linear or linear-subulate, subacute,

ciliate, shortly pubescent ; involucre rather unequally 4-partite, the

abaxial lobe a little narrower than the others, which are about 14 lin.

long, ovate-lanceolate, subacute, thinly pubescent outside ; perianth-

tube 1} lin. long, sparingly pubescent ; segments 2 lin. long, with a-

filiform pubescent claw and an ovate obtuse more densely and

longer-pubescent limb ; anthers ellipsoid, sessile ; hypogynous scales

; lin. long, linear, acute ; ovary densely pilose; style } in. long ;.

stigma more or less ovoid, about } lin. long ; fruit obovoid, nearly

2 lin. long, tipped by the persistent style, pilose. Spatalla ericefolia,

Knight, Prot. 74. 8. brevifolia, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 151.

S. confusa, Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 289, as to Schlechter,

10180, 10225. Sorocephalus tulbaghensis, Phillips, l.c. 1911, 86.

_ Sour Arrica: without locality, Masson! and without locality, Herb. Forsyth

in Herb. Kew, !

Coast Reaion: Tulbagh Div. ; near Tulbagh, Pappe!

Centra Reaion: Ceres Div.; Verkeerde Viey, Niven ! Schoongezigt, Schlechter,

10180! Gydow Berg, Schlechter, 10225 !

4. §. caudeflora (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 289) ; branches.

pilose, at length becoming glabrous and purplish ; leaves 3-44 lin.

long, linear, widely grooved on the upper side, convex below,

sharply and conspicuously mucronate, thinly pilose with long weak

hairs ; involucres 3—4-flowered, arranged in terminal solitary spikes.

1-1} in. long ; subtending bracts 24 lin. long scarcely 1 lin. broad,

ovate-lanceolate, villous outside; involucre unequally 4-partite ;

segments about 2 lin. long, more or less ovate, acute, villous outside ;.

perianth-tube 1 lin. long, glabrous towards the base ; segments 1?

lin, long, with a linear pubescent claw and an elliptic obtuse villous

limb, the latter 4 lin. long; anthers ellipsoid ; hypogynous scales

+ lin. long, linear ; ovary shortly stipitate, densely pubescent ; style

~{ lin. long, filiform, glabrous ; stigma broadly clavate ; fruit 1} lin.

long, shortly stipitate, oblong-cylindric, hirsute. Spatalla caudzflora,

Knight, Prot. 75, excl. Protea caudatn, Thunb., partly. S. Thunbergii,

R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 150; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii.

396; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 310, excel. var. Dregei. Protea

caudata, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 26, as to description, ex R. Br. lc.

SourH AFrica: without locality, Thunberg !

Coast REGion : Caledon Div. ; Zwart Berg, Niven !

5. 8. propinqua (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1910, 290) ; branches

sparingly pilose ; leaves 8-10 lin. long, acutely mucronate, channelled

on the upper surface, pilose ; involucres 3—4-flowered, arranged in

crowded terminal racemes, the latter 2-3 in. long; subtending

bracts 25 lin. long, lanceolate, subacute, puberulous outside ;

secondary peduncles 4 lin. long, pubescent ; involucre subregularly

4-partite to near the base; segments broadly ovate, acute, ciliate ;

Spatallopsis.| PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). 701

perianth-tube 1} lin. long, glabrous ; segments 1? lin. long, linear,

villous ; limb ovate, obtuse, densely villous; hypogynous scales

small; ovary ? lin. long, villous; style 2? lin. long, cylindric,

glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, subconic ; fruits shortly stipitate, 1 lin.

long, obovoid, hirsute. Spatalla propingua, R. Br. in Trans. Linn.

Soe. x. 150; Meisn. in DC. Prodr, xiv. 309. Sorocephalus setaceus,

R. Br. le. 140% Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 389; Meisn.

Le, 303. Protea australis, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 579. Soranthe

setacea, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 582.

Sourn Arrica : without locality, Auge! Roxburgh !

XIII. SOROCEPHALUS, R. Br.

Flowers hermaphrodite, actinomorphic. Perianth cylindric and

straight in bud with an ellipsoid or ovoid limb, 4-partite to near the

hase ; segments differentiated into claw and limb ; claws straight or

spirally twisted in the open flower, hairy ; limb more or less elliptic

or ovate, obtuse or subobtuse, usually villous, rarely pubescent or

entirely glabrous. Stamens 4; anthers all perfect, ovoid or ellipsoid,

sessile or subsessile, inserted at the base of the limb; connective

mostly slightly produced at the apex. Hypogynous scales 4, free,

linear, Ovary sessile or shortly stipitate, hairy; style slender,

terete, straight, often constricted at the base, glabrous; stigma

terminal, conical, ellipsoid or subglobose, obtuse. Ovule 1, laterally

attached. Fruit a usually glabrescent shining ellipsoid or cylindric

sessile or shortly stipitate nut with a more or less hardened pericarp.

Small erect shrubs ; leaves numerous, usually erect, terete or subterete, rarely

‘quite flat, acutely or obtusely mucronate, smooth or slightly scabrous, glabrous or

thinly pilose ; flower-heads 2-6-flowered, arranged in dense short spikes or racemes,

‘each head subtended by a more or less membranous glabrous or hairy bract ; floral

bracts free from one another, similar to the preceding.

DistriB, Species 13, confined to the South-Western portion of Cape Colony.

The name Sorocephalus, R. Br. (1810), is here retained in favour of Soranthe,

Knight (1809), on account of its inclusion in the list of nomina conservanda

adopted by the members of the Vienna Congress in 1905.

Perianth-limb glabrous :

Branches rough with the scars of fallen leaves ; branch-

lets short ; leaves $#-lin. long... ee ..» (1) imberbis,

Branches leafy, smooth ; branchlets elongated ; leaves

1-2} in. long:

Flower-clusters ovoid ; bracts densely villous outside ( 2) longifolius.

Flower-clusters depressed-globose ; bracts glabrous

or nearly so outside ae es sc: ..- (3) seabridus.

Perianth-limb hairy, usually villously bearded: |

Leaves 14-2 lin. broad, lanceolate, flat, with distinct

lateral nerves or ribs, scabrous ; bracts glandular- ;

hairy ... ee ve ‘ see --- (4) imbricatus.

Leaves usually less than 1 lin. broad, linear, terete or

flat only on the upper surface, not nerved, rarely

scabrous ; bracts never glandular :

702 ‘PROTEACE (Phillips & Hutchinson). [ Sorocephalus.

Leaves flat or shallowly and broadly concave on

the upper surface :

Leaves keeled or grooved below, 4-9 lin. long :

Leaves mostly pilose, somewhat scabrous when

older ; bracts subtending the flower-heads

more or less glabrous outside aa ... (5) phylicoides.

Leaves usually glabrous, smooth ; subtending

bracts densely villous outside ase ... (6) lanatus.

Leaves smooth and convex below, not keeled or ;

grooved, 3-4 lin. long ... ee Si. ... (7) Schlechteri.

Leaves terete except for a very narrow groove on the

upper surface :

Leaves straight or if falcate then the. perianth-

limb bearded, less than ? in. long, usually

less than } lin. thick, mostly pilose when

young :

Perianth-claws straight or slightly recurved in

the open flower ; fruits (where known) less

than 2 lin. long :

Leaves tuberculate or scabrous, especially

when young eee ay ae ... (8) clavigerus.

Leaves smooth :

Leaves filiform, scarcely } lin. thick ; floral

bracts glabrous or nearly so outside ... (9) tenuifolius.

Leaves stout, nearly 3 lin. thick ; floral

bracts glabrous outside fa ... (10) salsoloides.

Leaves stout, nearly 4 lin. thick; floral

bracts rather densely pubescent outside (11) rupestris.

Perianth-claws strongly spirally twisted in the

open flower ; fruits 24 lin. long... ... (12) teretifolius.

Leaves strongly falcate, 3-1 in. long, 3-1 lin.

thick, glabrous when young ; perianth-limb

shortly pubescent ; ave vee ... (18) crassifolius.

1. 8. imberbis (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 140); a small

shrub about 2 ft. high ; branches rough with the scars left by the

fallen leaves, rather densely pubescent when young ; leaves 3-1 in.

long, slender, acicular, acutely apiculate, with a very narrow groove on

the upper surface, otherwise terete, glabrous ; heads about 6-flowered,,

crowded in dense racemes partially clasped by the leaves ; bracts

subtending the secondary peduncles about 4 in. long, narrowly

lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent ; secondary peduncles about 1 lin.

long, tomentose ; floral bracts similar to those subtending the

peduncles but smaller; perianth-tube ? lin. long, glabrous ; seg

ments 2} lin. long ; claws pubescent, at length spirally coiled ; limb

3 lin. long, elliptic-lanceolate, subacute, quite glabrous outside ;

anthers ellipsoid; hypogynous scales linear; ovary ellipsoid,

adpressed-pubescent ; style nearly 4 lin. long, glabrous ; stigma

1 lin. long, ellipsoid, subacute ; fruits 2 lin. long, 1} lin. in diam.,

oblong-ellipsoid, slightly longitudinally wrinkled, brown, shining,

labrous. Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg.: iii. 389 ; Meisn. in DC

oOo

eae A ;

Prodr. xiv. 303, excel. var. longifolius. Protea imberbis, Poir. Encyel.

Sorocephalus.| PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). T05-

Suppl. iv. 576. Soranthe pinifolia, Knight, Prot. 72. 8S. imberbis,.

O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 582.

Coast Recion: Swellendam Div. ; Tyger Hoek, Niven!

2. §. longifolius (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1911, 85) ; branches.

densely pilose when young, soon becoming glabrous, with a purplish

smooth bark ; leaves erect, 1-24 in. long, almost filiform, long and

acutely apiculate, terete except for a narrow groove on the upper

surface, glabrous ; heads 7 —9-flowered, crowded in dense terminal

racemes 3-1 in. long; bracts subtending the secondary peduncles

4 in. long, lanceolate, acutely acuminate, densely pubescent or

villous outside ; secondary peduncles about 1 lin. long, pubescent or

tomentose; floral bracts similar to the others but narrower ;

perianth-tube about 1 lin. long, cylindric, glabrous towards the

base ; segments 32 lin. long; claws villous, spirally coiled ; limb

3 lin. long, ovate, obtuse, quite glabrous ; anthers i lin. long ;

hypogynous scales } lin. long, linear ; ovary ellipsoid, pubescent or

nearly glabrous ; style 4 lin. long, terete, glabrous ; stigma } lin.

long, ovoid, obtuse ; fruits 3 lin. long, ellipsoid-cylindric, obtuse,.

slightly wrinkled, shining, glabrous. Sorocephalus imberbis, var.

longifolius, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 303.

Coast REcion: Swellendam Div. ; banks of the Zondereinde River, near

Appels Kraal, Zeyher, 3718!

3. §. scabridus (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 303) ; branches slender,

very thinly pilose when young ; leaves erect, 1-1} in. long, almost

filiform, subacutely apiculate, terete except for a narrow groove on

the upper surface, very thinly pilose when young, soon becoming

scabrous ; heads sessile, 2—4-flowered, crowded in subglobose

terminal clusters about ? in. in diam. ; bracts subtending the

individual heads up to 3 lin. long, lanceolate, subacute, glabrous or

nearly so outside, long-ciliate ; floral bracts similar to the preceding

but narrow ; perianth-tube very short, nearly glabrous ; segments

34-4 lin. long ; claws villous, remaining apparently united owing to

the interlacing hairs; limb 1} lin. long, ovate, obtuse, quite

glabrous ; anthers sessile ; hypogynous scales very small; ovary

pubescent ; style slender, 4} lin. long, glabrous ; stigma obovoid,

4 jin. long ; fruits not seen. S. nivalis, Mund, and S. imberbis,

Klotzsch ex Meisn. l.c. 304. Soranthe scabrida, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen.

Pi. ii. 582.

Coast Recron : Tulbagh Div. ; Winterhoek Mountain, Zeyher, 3718b!

4. §. imbricatus (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 142) ; branches.

pilose, at length’ becoming glabrous ; leaves 3}—5} lin. long, erect

and densely imbricate, lanceolate, subacutely apiculate, flat,

distinctly nerved and scabrous on both surfaces, thinly ciliate when

young, otherwise glabrous, those surrounding the heads coloured ;

heads 4-flowered, crowded in dense solitary or geminate more or less.

704 PROTEACEX (Phillips & Hutchinson). | Sorocephalus.

globose terminal racemes about } in. in diam. ; bracts subtending

the secondary peduncles 5 lin. long, 14 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate,

obtuse, rough with short glandular hairs, ciliate ; secondary

peduncles about 1} lin. long, nearly glabrous ; floral bracts 3 lin.

Jong, about 1 lin. broad, ovate-lanceolate, subacute, glandular-

puberulous, ciliate ; perianth-tube about } lin. long, ellipsoid,

glabrous ; segments mauve, 34-4 lin. long ; claws filiform, glabrous

or minutely puberulous, not spirally twisted ; limb 2 lin. long,

ovate-elliptic, subobtuse, densely and villously bearded in the upper

Aaalf, glabrous or slightly pubescent in the lower part; anthers

nearly as long as the limb ; hypogynous scales 3 lin. long, linear ;

ovary ovoid, pilose ; style 41 lin, long, slender, glabrous ; stigma

} lin. long, subovoid, mostly acute. Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii.

391; E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pf. Documente, 77, 222 ; Meisn. in

DC. Prodr. xiv. 305; Spreng. Syst. i. 470. Protea imbricata,

Thunb. Diss. Prot. 38, t. 5, fig. 2; Linn. f. Suppl. 116 ; Lam. Tes

235; Thunb. Prodr. 27 ; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 527 ; Poir. Encyel. v. 643 ;

Andr. Bot. Rep. t.517 ; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 136. Soranthe

glanduligera, Knight, Prot. 71. S. imbricata, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen.

Pl. ii. 582.

Sourn AFRICA: without locality, Thunbery! Brown, Verreaux.

Coast Region: Tulbagh Div. ; mountains near Tulbagh Waterfall, Niven!

Bolus, 379 ! between New Kloof and Elands Kloof, Drége ! Winterhoek Mountain,

near Tulbagh, Bolus, 5258 !

5. 8. phylicoides (Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 304); an erect shrub

3 ft. high; branches thinly pilose ; leaves 5-9 lin. long, linear,

subobtusely mucronate, flat on the upper surface, subconvex OF

slightly keeled below, sometimes thinly pilose especially when young,

becoming glabrous and slightly scabrous when older ; heads about

4-flowered, numerous in subglobose terminal clusters nearly } in. in

diam. ; bracts subtending the secondary peduncles 2 lin. long,

1} lin. broad, ovate, subacute, long-ciliate ; secondary peduncles

1 lin. long, glabrous or nearly so ; bracts subtending the flowers

lanceolate, submembranous, long-ciliate ; perianth-tube 1} lin. long,

narrowly cylindric, glabrous in the lower, pubescent in the upper

part ; segments 3} lin. long; claws slender, pubescent, slightly

twisted ; limb 3 lin. long, ovate-elliptic, subobtuse, villous outside ;

anthers } lin. long; ovary ovoid, pilose or nearly glabrous ; style

about 4 lin. long, filiform, constricted at the base, glabrous ; stigma

1 lin, long, subellipsoid, somewhat obtuse ; fruits 24 lin, long, 1 lin.

thick, cylindric, glabrous, black and shining. Soranthe phyllicodes,

O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 582.

SourH AFRICA: without locality, Masson! Mund!

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div. ; near Tulbagh, Pappe !

CunTRAL REGION: Ceres Div. ; Witzen Berg and Skurfde Berg, Zeyher, 1468 !

Gydow, Schlechter, 9990 !

6. §. lanatus (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 142); branches —

pilose when young, at length glabrous, purplish ; leaves erect,

Sorocephalus.] PROTEACEX (Phillips & Hutchinson). 705.

3-} in. long, linear, subobtusely mucronate, keeled below, flat or

slightly concave above, very sparingly pilose when young, soon

becoming glabrous; heads about 6-flowered, crowded in dense

terminal ovoid or subglobose spikes 3-1 in. long and about 3-3 in.

in diam.; axis of the spike tomentose; bract subtending each

individual head up to 24 lin. long, 1} lin. broad, ovate to ovate-

lanceolate, acute, long-villous towards the margin ; floral bracts

2} lin. long, about } lin. broad, lanceolate, acute, densely ciliate ;

perianth-tube 2 lin. long, very narrowly cylindric, pubescent ;

segments about 2 lin. long; claws slender, sometimes slightly

recurved but not spirally twisted, shortly villous ; limb 4 lin. long,

elliptic, obtuse, villous outside; anthers } lin. long; hypogynous

scales } lin. long, linear ; ovary ovoid, pubescent ; style 33-4 lin.

long, filiform, glabrous; stigma } lin. long, subellipsoid, obtuse ;

fruits 3 lin. long, 1 lin. in diam., cylindric-oblong, shining, black,

glabrous. Roem. d: Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 390 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 304, excl. var. teretifolius. S. spatalloides, Sieber ex Meisn. 1.c.

305, name only. Protea lanata, Thunb, Diss. Prot. 51, t. 3; Murr.

Syst. Veg. ed. xiv. 139 ; Lam. Ill. i. 238; Thunb. Prodr. 26; Willd.

Sp. Pl. i. 519; Poir. Encyel. v. 653; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes,

130. Soranthe ciliciiflora, Knight, Prot. 72 ; Salish. ex Spreng. Syst.

1.470. 8S. lanata, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 582.

Soutu Arrica: without locality, Thunberg ! without collector in Herb. Forsyth.

(at Kew)! and in Herb. Lindley !

’ Coast Recion : Malmesbury Div. ; Zwartland, Niven!

7. 8. Schlechteri (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1911, 85); branches

glabrous, light-purplish when young ; leaves 3-4 lin. long, linear,

subobtusely apiculate, convex on the lower side, slightly concave

above, glabrous ; heads 4-flowered, in terminal racemes 4—5 lin. long ;

bracts about 24 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad, ovate or ovate-lanceolate,

subacute, glabrous within, pilose outside towards and densely long-

ciliate on the margin ; secondary peduncles 1 lin. long ; involucral

bracts 2-2} lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, subacute, pilose outside,

densely ciliate ; perianth-tube 1-1} lin. long, cylindric, glabrous ;

segments about 2 lin. long, with a very slender nearly glabrous

claw, and an oblong-elliptic obtuse densely villous limb $ lin. long ;.

anthers nearly } lin. long ; ovary ovoid, villous ; style 2} lin. long,

filiform, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, narrowly ellipsoid, subacute.

CenTRAL Region: Ceres Div.; Gydouw Berg, 6200 ft., Schlechter, 10230 !

8. 8. clavigerus (Hutchinson) ; an erect shrub about 3 ft. high ;

branches thinly villous or pilose ; leaves } in. long, scarcely } lin.

thick, rather sharply mucronate, narrowly grooved on the upper

side, otherwise terete, rather densely pilose when young, soon

becoming quite glabrous; heads terminal, subsessile, about } in. in

diam. ; bracts 3} lin. long, subulate-linear, acute, villous with long

weak hairs on the outside; perianth-tube 3 lin. long, glabrous ;.

VOL. V.—SECT. I. 2%

706 PROTEACES (Phillips & Hutchinson). | Sorocephalus,

segments 4} lin. long ; claws almost filiform, shortly pubescent, not

coiled; limb } lin. long, ovate-elliptic, subacute, villous outside ;

anthers } lin. long; ovary obovoid, pubescent ; style 5 lin. long,

filiform, constricted at the base, glabrous ; stigma + lin. long,

ellipsoid, subacute ; fruits nearly 2 lin. long, smooth, beaked.

Soranthe clavigera, Knight, Prot. 73.

Coast Recion: Stellenbosch Div. ; French Hoek Kloof, Niven, 40!

9. 8. tenuifolius (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 141) ; branches

pilose when young, at length becoming glabrous, purplish ; leaves

erect, 4—6 lin. long, subulate-linear, acutely or subacutely apiculate,

subterete except for a narrow groove above, pilose when young;

soon becoming glabrous ; heads 7-9-flowered, crowded in terminal

solitary or geminate clusters about 5 lin. in diam. ; bract subtending

each secondary peduncle 24 lin, long, ovate or lanceolate, obtuse or

subacute, densely ciliate towards the base ; secondary peduncles

1-2 lin. long, villous; floral bracts 2} lin. long, ovate to lanceolate,

acute or subacute, villous, ciliate ; perianth-tube 3 lin. long;

glabrous ; segments 2} lin. long, spathulate-linear ; claws slender,

villous, not twisting spirally ; limb 4 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate,

obtuse, villous outside ; anthers oblong ; hypogynous scales linear ;

ovary ellipsoid, pubescent ; style 2} lin. long, slender, glabrous ;

stigma 1 lin. long, ovoid, obtuse. Roem. d: Schultes, Syst. Veg. iil.

390; Krauss in Flora, 1845, 77, and in Beitr, zur Fl. Cap- und Natal.

141 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 304. Protea tenuifolia, Potr. Encyel.

Suppl. iv. 577. Soranthe tenuifolia, Knight, Prot. 72.

Coast Recon: Worcester Div. ; Breede River, Niven, 20! Swellendam Div. 3

Swellendam, Krauss, 1061 ? (ex Meisn. L¢.),

10. S. salsoloides (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. ‘x. 140) ; branches

erect, glabrous or minutely pubescent ; leaves falcately incurved or

some nearly straight, 5-8 lin. long, about } lin. broad, terete except

for a very narrow groove on the upper surface, subacute, glabrous

except when in young bud ; heads L-flowered, crowded in subglobose

terminal spikes about } in. in diam. ; subtending bracts up to 1}

lin. long, acute, narrowly lanceolate, glabrous outside, very shortly

and sparingly ciliolate ; floral bracts similar to the preceding ;

perianth-tube } lin. long, nearly glabrous ; segments about 3 lin.

long; claws straight or slightly curved in the open flower, not

spirally twisted, pubescent ; limb 1 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, sub-

obtuse, villously bearded outside ; anthers sessile; hypogynous

seales small, linear; ovary pubescent ; style about 4} lin. long,

slender, straight, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, ellipsoid or subclavate ;

fruits slightly stipitate, about 1 lin. long, broadly ovoid, brow,

slightly pubescent. Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 389 ; Meisn. 1”

DC. Prodr. xiv. 303; Krauss, Beitr. Fl. Cap- und Natal. 141.

Protea salsoloides, Poir. Eneycl. Suppl. iv. 576. Soranthe salsolodes,

O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii, 582.

Sorocephalus.] PROTEACES (Phillips & Hutchinson). 707

Sour Arrica: without locality, Roxburgh! Niven, Ludwig, Ecklon, 17.

Coast Region: Caledon Div. ; summit of mountains of Baviaans Kloof, near

Genadendal, Krauss, 1058.

il. 8. rupestris (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1911, 86); an alpine

shrublet ; branches blackish-villous, at length becoming nearly

glabrous and closely tubercled with the projections left by the fallen

leaves ; leaves } in. long, scarcely } lin. thick, subacutely mucronate,

nearly terete, thinly pilose when young, soon becoming quite

glabrous ; heads 1-flowered, arranged in a solitary dense subglobose

spike nearly ? in. in diam. ; subtending bract about 1? lin. long,

lanceolate, rusty-villous outside ; floral bracts 2-21 lin. long, lanceo-

late, subacute, keeled and pubescent on the back, ciliate ; perianth-

tube 1 lin. iong, cylindric, glabrous towards the base, pubescent

above; segments nearly 4 lin. long; claws slender, not spirally

twisted, pubescent; limb 4 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, obtuse,

tomentose outside; anthers scarcely } lin. long; ovary nearly

glabrous ; style 3-4 lin. long, slender, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long,

ellipsoid, obtuse; fruits obovoid, 1} lin. long, 1 lin. in diam.,

shining, nearly glabrous. Soranthe rupestris, Knight, Prot. 72. S.

montana, Knight, l.c. 73.

Coast Raton : Stellenbosch Div. ; tops of Stellenbosch Mountains, Niven, 28 !

Caledon Div. ; mouth of the Klein River, Niven !

12. 8. teretifolius (Phillips in Kew Bulletin, 1911, 85) ; branches

minutely pubescent ; leaves } in. long, about } lin. thick, narrowly

grooved on the upper side, otherwise terete, thinly and weakly

pilose when quite young, soon becoming glabrous ; heads terminal,

in clusters of 2-3, shortly pedunculate, several-flowered, subglobose,

about $ in. in diam. ; peduncles up to } in. long, tomentose ; bracts

oblong, coriaceous, nearly glabrous ; bracts subtending the flowers

3—4 lin. long, linear-oblong, subacute, coriaceous, convex and thinly

villous outside, more densely villous towards the apex ; perianth-

tube 1-1} lin. long, narrowly cylindric, glabrous towards the base,

pubescent above; segments about 3 lin. long; claws spirally

twisted and pubescent; limb 3 lin. long, ovate-oblong, subobtuse,

densely villous outside ; anthers } lin. long; ovary ellipsoid, acute

at both ends, nearly glabrous ; style 34 lin. long, slender, constricted

at the base, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, oblong-ellipsoid, obtuse ;

fruits 2} lin. long, 1} lin. in diam., oblong, ellipsoid, smooth, dull

brown, glabrous. S. lanatus, Buek in Drege, Zwei Pf. Documente,

82, 222, not of R. Br. 8S. lanatus, var. teretifolius, Meisn. in DC.

Prodr. xiv. 305, Leucadendron? scoparium, E. Meyer, ex Meisn. le.

(as to specimen a in Herb. Drége).

Coast Region: Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Dréze !

13. 8. crassifolius (Hutchinson) ; branches densely and shortly

tomentellous ; leaves }-1 in. long, 3 lin. thick, terete except a

narrow groove on the upper side, subacutely mucronate, glabrous ;

22 2

TOS - PROTEACE® (Phillips & Hutchinson). [Sorocephalus.

heads 2—3 together at the apex of a common peduncle, about } in.

in diam., 4—6-flowered; peduncle up to 5 lin. long, tomentellous ;.

bracts subtending the flowers about 2 lin. long, nearly 1 lin. broad

at the base, long-acuminate, slightly pubescent in the lower,

glabrous in the upper part; perianth-tube ? lin. long, glabrous.

below, puberulous above; segments soon becoming reflexed and.

spirally coiled, about 3 lin, long ; claw tomentellous ; limb scarcely

1 lin. long, subacute, coriaceous, thinly pubescent outside ; anthers

% lin. long, narrow ; hypogynous scales very small ; ovary ellipsoid,

pubescent ; style slightly constricted above the ovary, 34 lin. long,

slender, glabrous ; stigma } lin. long, narrowly ellipsoid or sub-

clavate, obtuse ; fruits 14 iin. long, } lin. in diam., narrowly

obovoid, brown, slightly pubescent.

Coast Recion: Caledon Div. ; near Genadendal, Schlechter, 9832! tops of the

mountains of Baviaans Kloof, near Genadendal, Burchell, 7723!

Imperfectly known species.

14. §. spatalloides (Buek in Drége, Zwei Pf. Documente, 222,

name only, not of R. Br.).

Recon? either from Dutoits Kloof in Worcester Div., or from the Great

Zwartberg Range near Vrolykheid, in Prince Albert Div., Drége !

The original specimen in the Stockholm Herbarium is very imperfect; it is

probably a species ot Leucadendron and may be a form of L, sorocephalodes,

Phillips & Hutchivson.

XIV. NIVENIA, R. Br.

Flowers hermaphrodite, actinomorphic. Perianth cylindric in

bud with an ellipsoid limb, 4-partite to near the base ; tube short,

usually glabrous, rarely villous; segments differentiated into

slender hairy claw and an elliptic or oblong obtuse or rarely

apiculate villous limb. Stamens 4; anthers sessile or subsessile,

inserted at the base of the limb, oblong or elliptic ; connective

usually very slightly produced at the apex. Hypogynous scales

linear or subulate. Ovary sessile, pubescent, surrounded by a basal

ring of hairs; style mostly slender, straight, subpersistent, glabrous,

or hairy on part of its length; stigma narrowly clavate or sub-

ellipsoid, gradually passing into the style, rarely broadly ovoid and

capitate, epapillose. Qvule 1, laterally inserted. Fruit a smooth

ivory-white shining nut with a basal ring of hairs, often beaked

and tipped by the persistent basal portion of the style. Seed solitary.

Small erect shrubs ; leaves usually crowded, dimorphic with the lower variously

pinnately divided and the upper broadly spathulate or flabellate and tapered to a

petiolar basal portion, rarely linear or oblanceolate, or all alike and much

dissected with linear obtuse segments and more or Jess fan-shaped in outline,

glabrous when mature or rarely permanently silky-tomentose ; flowers in partial

4-flowered heads, the latter arranged in terminal usually solitary sessile oF

pedunculate cylindric or rarely subglobose spikes ; partial heads each subtended

by a solitary coriaceous entire bract; floral bracts 4, imbricate, the two lateral

Nivenia. | PROTEACE& (Phillips & Hutchinson), 709

exterior, coriaceous, hairy outside ; perianth equally hairy all over or rarely the

cave with shorter indumentum than that on the limb, white or carmine, so far as

nown.

é bait Species about 13, confined to the South-Western Region of Cape

olony.

To preserve uniformity in nomenclature (see note under Sorocephalus) it has

been considered advisable to adopt the name Vivenia, R. Br. (1810) in preference

to that of Paranomus, Salisb, (1807), although unlike Sorocephalus, it is not

included in the list of ina conservanda adopted by the Vienna Congress.

Stigma broadly ovoid, capitate; style hairy on the

middle third of its length ... oh es --- (1) parvifolia.

Stigma clavate or more or less cylindric, gradually passing

into the style:

Leaves dimorphic (rarely all alike and then undivided),

the upper entire and broadly spathulate or

flabellate or rarely spathulate-oblanceolate, the

lower variously divided ; style glabrous :

Partial flower-heads strongly reflexed at the time of

flowering ... ae i “ve os --- (2) reflexa,

Partial flower-heads never reflexed :

Upper leaves broadly spathulate, $ in. broad or

Branches glabrous ; ultimate segments of the

divided leaves quite terete ; perianth-limb

not apiculate... abe ‘ ick ..- (3) spathulata.

Branches glabrous; ultimate leaf-segments

broadly concave above ; perianth-limb

We hye aes .» (4) Muirii

Branches usually pubescent; ultimate leaf-

segments broadly concave or flat with

ineurved margins; perianth-limb not apicu-

dnbe;.2 is on ia sé ae ---» (5) Sceptrum,

Upper leaves narrowly spathulate-oblanceolate or,

oblong, 14-2 lin. broad i ie ... (6) diversifolia.

Leaves all alike or if slightly dimorphic then the upper

linear and similar to the segments of the lower ;

style hairy (except in 7, Drege?) : A

ies aS sia ..- (7) Dregei.

Style glabrous ... oe

Style hairy :

Inflorescence small and subglobose, about $ in.

long ; leaves 4~1 in. long a “a ..- (8) capitata,

Inflorescence elongated, more or less cylindric,

usually more than 1 in. long ; leaves over

1 in. long:

Mature leaves glabrous or rarely slightly hairy

at the time of flowering :

Inflorescence usually dense; bracts densely

villous :

_Bract subtending the partial flower-heads

ovate, caudate-acuminate, densely

villous with interlacing hairs ; floral

bracts obtuse, rigidly coriaceous ... (9) crithmifolia.

Braet’ subtending the partial flower-heads

subulate-linear, villous with straight

hairs ; floral bracts long-acuminate,

membranous... Are see ... (10) Lagopus.

710 PROTEACES (Phillips & Hutchinson). | Vivenia.

Inflorescence usually rather lax; bracts

shortly tomentose or tomentellous, rarely

with a few longer hairs towards the

apex . ae ie eS ..- (11) spicata.

Mature leaves densely and softly silky-tomentose

at the time of flowering, rarely becoming

nearly glabrous in the fruiting stage :

Leaf-segments } in. long; bracts rounded at

the apex ; style 6 lin. long aoe ... (12) tomentosa.

Leaf-segments 3-1 in. long; bracts shortly

acuminate; style 4 lin. long... ... (13) mollissima.

1. N. parvifolia (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 155); branches

subterete, subtomentellous when young, becoming puberulous;

leaves dimorphic ; the lower up to 34 in. long, 3-4 times dicho-

tomously divided, with the ultimate segments linear or rarely

subspathulate, subterete, obtuse or subacute, glabrous ; the upper

4-1 in. long, entire, broadly spathulate or flabellate, with an obtuse

triangular apex, much narrowed and _ slender towards the base,

erect, distinctly nerved, coriaceous, glabrous except when quite

young and then tomentellous; heads 4-flowered, spicate ; spikes

terminal, solitary or up to 3 together, sessile or shortly pedunculate,

up to 3 in. long, more or less cylindric and about j in. in diam. ;

flowering axis tomentose; bearing linear-subulate acute shortly

ciliate bracts about 4 lin. long ; floral bracts 4, oblong-oblanceolate,

rounded at the apex, about 4 lin. long, 2-2) lin. broad, coriaceous,

silky adpressed-villous outside, glabrous “within; flowers with

numerous long white hairs round the base ; perianth-tube obconic,

1 lin. long, glabrous ; segments 4—5 lin. long; claws straight, very

densely white-villous outside; limb j lin. long, elliptic, obtuse,

densely villous outside; anthers sessile, 3 lin. long, with the

connective slightly produced at the apex ; hypogynous scales | lin.

long, terete; ovary oblique, puberulous ; style } in. long, rather

stout, hairy on the middle third of its length, otherwise glabrous ;

stigma capitate, broadly ovoid, nearly } lin. long and broad ; fruits

ivory-white, smooth and shining, about 4 lin. long, oblong-ellipsoid,

acutely beaked, glabrous except for a few long white hairs at the

base. Roem. d& Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 386; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. *

xiv. 300. N. spathulata, Drege ex Meisn. l.c., name only. N. Scep-

trum, forma dissecta, Gandog. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xlvili. p. XCV1.

Protea spathulata, Thunb. Diss. Prot. t.5, excl. his herbarium specumens

and description. Paranomus adiantifolius, Knight, Prot. 70. P. par-

vifolius, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 580.

Coast Recion: Caledon Div. ; River Zondereinde, Niven, 201! Knoflooks

Kraal and Little Houw Hoek, Zeyher, 8717! Houw Hoek, Schlechter, 9423 !

Pillans !

2. N. reflexa (Phillips & Hutchinson); branches puberulous or

tomentellous, rarely nearly glabrous ; leaves dimorphic ; the lower

up to 34 in. long, bipinnately divided in the upper half, with the

ultimate segments linear or rarely oblanceolate, obtuse, concave on

Nivenia.] PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). 711

the upper surface, glabrous ; the upper erect, entire, 1-2 in. long,

4-1 in. broad, broadly obovate in the upper, gradually narrowed to

the petiolar base in the lower half, coriaceous, glabrous on both

surfaces, margins not or only very slightly cartilaginous ; heads

4-flowered, spicate; spikes terminal, solitary, sessile or on a

peduncle up to 1} in. long, 1-2} in. long, 14-14 in. in diam.,

subcylindric ; flowering axis rusty-tomentose, bearing subulate-linear

very acute glabrescent bracts about 4 lin. long ; floral bracts 4, 17

lin, long, 14 lin. broad, ovate, obtuse, densely rusty-villous outside,

glabrous within ; flowers surrounded at the base by numerous long

hairs; perianth-tube about 1 lin. long, nearly glabrous ; segments

14 in. long, very slender ; claws shortly pubescent or tomentellous ;

limb nearly 2 lin. long, linear, apiculate, shortly tomentose outside ;

anthers 1-1} lin. long, linear ; hypogynous scales lin. long, linear,

acute ; ovary with a ring of long hairs at the base, otherwise only

very shortly pubescent ; style very slender, 14 in. long, glabrous,

gradually tapered into a very narrow cylindric obtuse stigma # lin.

long and about } lin. thick ; fruits 3} lin. long, ellipsoid, shortly

beaked, glabrous. N. Sceptrum, Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 299, as

to Zeyher, 3713 B, and the following synonym. Leucospermum spathu-

latum, Drége ex Meisn. l.c., not of R. Br.

Coast Recion: Uitenhage Div. ; Van Stadens Berg, Drége! Zeyher, 3718b!

Van Stadens Berg, near Galgebosch, Burchell, 4686 !

3. N. spathulata (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 135) ; branches

terete, glabrous ; leaves dimorphic ; the lower 2 in. long, bipinnately

divided in the upper half, with the ultimate segments quite terete,

about 4 lin, in diam., obtuse, glabrous ; the upper $—} in. long,

erect, entire, broadly flabellate or suborbicular, obtusely and very

shortly mucronate, abruptly narrowed into a petiolar base, rigidly

coriaceous, glabrous and dull on both surfaces, with narrow carti-

laginous purplish margins ; heads 4-flowered, spicate ; spikes terminal,

solitary, about 1} in. long, ellipsoid or subeylindric ; flowering axis

very densely villous-tomentose, bearing ovate-lanceolate caudate-

acuminate densely villous bracts about 4 lin. long with a glabrous

acumen ; floral bracts 4, about 3 lin. long and 1 lin. broad, lanceolate,

acute or subobtuse, coriaceous, glabrous and shining within, silky-

villous outside ; flowers surrounded by numerous long white hairs;

perianth-tube about 1 lin. long, nearly glabrous; segments } in.

long ; claws rather thick, straight in open flower, villous outside ;

limb 14 lin. long, obtuse, not acuminate, villous outside ; anthers

linear ; hypogynous scales } lin. long, linear ; ovary with a few long

white hairs towards the base, otherwise shortly pubescent ; style

} in. long, slender, broader and flattened towards the base, glabrous,

gradually passing into the stigma which is 1 lin. long, clavate,

obtuse. Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 385 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 300. N. marginata, R. Br. Le. 134; Roem. & Schultes, l.c.;

Meisn. lc. N. parvifolia, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pf. Documente,

712 PROTEACE® (Phillips & Hutchinson). [Niventia.

116, 204, not of R. Br. N. marginata, Drege, and N. parvifolia, Buek

ex Meisn. 1.c. 300, names only. Protea spathulata, Thunb. Diss, Prot.

44, eacl. fig.; Prodr. 28 ; Lam. Iliustr. 1. 235; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 533 ;

Poir. Encyel. v. 642; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 125. Paranomus

ys 98 ed Knight, Prot. 70. P. marginatus, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen.

1. ii. 580.

SourH AFRICA: without locality, Lindley! Roxburgh!

Coast Recron: Swellendam Div. ; between Spaarbosch and Tradouw, Drége !

Riversdale Div. ; Platte Kloof, Masson! between Garcias Pass and Muis Kraal,

Bolus, 11363!

4. N. Muirii (Phillips & Hutchinson); branches terete, quite

glabrous, bark purplish; leaves dimorphic ; the lower 24-3 lin.

long, flabellately divided in the upper half, with the segments linear

or linear-oblanceolate, convex below, concave above, obtuse, glabrous ;

the upper 1-1} in. long, 3-1} in. broad, suborbicular or flabellate,

obtusely mucronate, abruptly narrowed to the base, erect, entire,

rigidly coriaceous, distinctly nerved, dull and glabrous on both

surfaces, with purplish subtranslucent margins ; heads 4-flowered,

spicate ; spikes terminal, solitary, sessile, about 4 in. long, } in.

in diam., cylindric; flowering axis densely tomentose or villous,

bearing lanceolate obtuse densely villous bracts 4-5 lin. long;

floral bracts 4, 4-6 lin. long, 2-3} lin. broad, oblong or oblong-

ovate, obtuse, glabrous and shining within, densely white silky-

tomentose outside; flowers surrounded at the base by numerous

long white hairs; perianth-tube } lin. long, glabrous towards the

base ; segments 6} lin. long; claws straight in the open flower,

white-villous outside ; limb 1} lin. long, acuminate, densely white-

villous outside ; anthers linear, 1 lin. long ; hypogynous scales 1 lin.

long, linear, acute ; ovary subcylindric, long-villous with white

hairs in the lower half, otherwise minutely puberulous; style $ in.

long, slender, gradually passing into the stigma which is 1 lin. long,

clavate, subobtuse ; fruits 24 lin. long, cylindric, subobtuse, shortly

pubescent and with a ring of long white hairs round the base.

Coast Recon: Riversdale Div. ; mountains at Garcias Pass, Galpin, 4481!

Kampsche Berg, Muir, 276!

_5. N. Sceptrum (R. Br. in Trans, Linn. Soc. x. 134); a shrub 4-5 ft.

high, erect, branched ; branches ascending, terete, shortly pubescent

or glabrous; leaves dimorphic; the lower up to 4 in. long,

bipinnately divided in the upper 2, with the ultimate segments

3-1} in. long, 2-3} lin. broad, rounded at the apex, coriaceous,

glabrous, margins incurved ; the upper erect, entire, 14-23 in. long,

cuneate-obovate or oblanceolate, with an obtuse callous apex;

gradually narrowed to the petiolar base, rigidly coriaceous, glabrous

on both surfaces, often distinctly nerved, margins not or scarcely

cartilaginous ; heads 4-flowered, spicate ; spikes terminal, solitary,

subsessile or shortly pedunculate, 14-2} in. long, about 1 in. In

diam., subcylindric ; flowering axis “tomentose ;_ bract subtending

Nivenia. | PROTEACE# (Phillips & Hutchinson), 713

each partial head about 3 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,

subacute, tomentose outside ; floral bracts 4, 2-2} lin. long, about

14 lin. broad, more or less oblong, rounded at the apex, coriaceous,

glabrous within, tomentose outside ; flowers surrounded at the

base by numerous long hairs ; perianth-tube 1-1} lin. long, glabrous

towards the base; segments 4 in. long; claws shortly tomentose

outside ; limb 14 lin. long, linear, subobtuse, tomentose outside ;

anthers 1 lin. long, linear ; hypogynous scales 1 lin. long, linear,

acute; ovary pubescent; style rather slender, 6-7} lin. long,

glabrous, gradually narrowed into the stigma which is 1 lin. long,

subcylindric, obtuse ; fruits 3 lin. long, ovoid, shortly beaked, ivory-

white and shining, minutely pubescent and with a dense ring of

long white hairs around the base. Roem. d& Schultes, Syst. Veg. ili.

385; Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 299, incl. var. splendens, Meisn.?

N. alopecuroides, Lam. ex St. Lag. in Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon, vii. 130.

Protea Sceptrum gustavianum, Sparrm. in Vet. Acad. Handl. Stockh.

1777, 53, t. i.; Linn. f. Suppl. 116. P. Sceptrum, Thunb. Diss,

Prot. 21; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 511; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 125 ;

Poir. Encycl. v. 662. P. alopecuroides, Lam. IIlustr. i. 240.

Paranomus sceptriformis, Knight, Prot. 69.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Sparrman, Thom, 617 ! Roxburgh! Masson !

Coast Recron : Stellenbosch Div. ; Lowrys Pass, Burchell, 8224 ! 8268! Bolus,

5332! Niven! Hottentots Holland and Zwart Berg, Bowie! Caledon Div. ;

mountains of Baviaans Kloof, near Genadendal, Burchell, 7713! Zwart Berg,

Zeyher, 37131! Pappe! Zandfontein, Galpin, 4482! Bredasdorp Div. ; Elim,

Schlechter, 7665 !

6. N. diversifolia (Phillips & Hutchinson) ; branches glabrous ;

leaves dimorphic ; the lower bipinnately divided in the upper third,

14-3 in. long, the ultimate segments 14-4 lin. long, terete, obtuse ;

upper 5-104 lin. long, entire, spathulate-oblanceolate or oblong,

subacuminate, glabrous ; heads 4-flowered, spicate ; spikes sessile,

2 in. long, cylindric, about 1 in. in diam., surrounded by the upper

leaves which gradually become bract-like with a green acumen and

purplish thinner margins ;_ bract subtending each partial head

nearly 5 lin. long, lanceolate, long-acuminate, densely rusty-villous

outside; floral bracts 5-7 lin. long, lanceolate-elliptic, long-

acuminate, densely villous with long hairs ; perianth-tube 1} lin.

long, glabrous ; segments 74 lin. long ; claws very slender, rusty-

villous ; limb 1} lin. long, linear, subacute, densely villous ; anthers

linear ; hypogynous seales 1 lin. long, linear, acuminate ; ovary

ellipsoid ; style 74 lin. long, filiform, glabrous : stigma 1 lin. long,

cylindric, obtuse. Sorocephalus diversifolius, R. Br. in Trans. Linn.

Soc. x. 143; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 391; Meisn. in DC.

Prodr. xiv. 306. Protea diversifolia, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 577.

Soranthe diversifolia, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 582.

: without locality, Roxburgh !

+ ning ue : ralween Div. ieee Zand (near Tulbagh), Niven !

7. N. Dregei (Buek in Drége, Zwei Pfi. Documente, 64, 204) ;

branches puberulous, at length becoming glabrous or nearly so ;

714 PROTEACEAE (Phillips & Hutchinson). [Vivenia.

leaves all of one kind and divided, or if a few of the upper entire

then they are linear, up to 3 in. long, pinnately divided in the

upper half or in some specimens only 2—3-lobed, erect, coriaceous,

glabrous except when young and then tomentose, the segments in

the more divided leaves linear, obtuse, those of the less divided a

little broader, all concave on the upper surface ; heads 4-flowered,

spicate ; spikes sessile or subsessile, terminal, solitary or geminate,

about 1} in. long, nearly 1 in. in diam., subeylindrie ; flowering axis

tomentose, bearing ovate acuminate rigidly coriaceous shortly

pubescent bracts about 3 lin. long and 2 lin. broad ; floral bracts 4,

imbri¢ate, the outer 2 larger than the inner, up to 5 lin. long and

23 lin. broad, oblong, rounded at the apex, rigidly coriaceous, shortly

woolly-tomentose outside, glabrous within ; flowers surrounded at the

base by numerous long hairs ; perianth-tube 14 lin. long, nearly

glabrous ; segments about 7 lin. long ; claws slightly recurved in

the open flower, shortly tomentose ; limb 1} lin. long, narrowly

oblong-lanceolate, subacute, shortly and densely villous; hypogynous

seales 1-1} lin. long, linear-filiform ; ovary surrounded by a ring of

long white hairs, puberulous; style 7 lin. long, rather slender,

glabrous, gradually passing into the stigma which is 1} lin. long,

cylindric, grooved ; fruits 2? lin. long, ovoid-ellipsoid, tipped by a

persistent portion of the style, brightly shining, surrounded by a

ring of white hairs. Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 300. Sorocephalus

diversifolius, Drége ex Meisn. l.c. 301, name only, not of BR. Br.

Paranomus Dregei, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 580. Soranthe

Dregei, O. Kuntze, l.c. 582.

Centra, Recon: Prince Albert Div. ; Great Zwartberg Range, Drége!

Zwartberg Pass, Bolus, 11629!

8. N. capitata (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 138) ; branches

tomentellous ; leaves all alike, }~1 in. long, pinnately or bipinnately

divided in the upper 3, very shortly pubescent when young, glabrous

when mature, the ultimate segments 2—6 lin. long, subterete except

for a narrow groove on the upper side, almost filiform, subobtuse ;

heads 4-flowered, crowded in a terminal solitary sessile subglobose

cluster about } in. in diam. ; bract subtending each partial head

2} lin. long, elliptic, obtusely acuminate, at iength recurved, slightly

pilose ; floral bracts 2 lin. long, ovate, subacutely acuminate, rigidly

coriaceous, pubescent; perianth-tube } lin. long, sparingly pilose ;

segments 23 lin. long; claws villous; limb 3 lin. long, lanceolate,

subobtuse, villous; anthers } lin. long, linear ; hypogynous scales

2 lin. long, linear, acute ; ovary subcylindric, surrounded by a ring

of long hairs at the base, otherwise pubescent ; style 3 lin. long,

pilose on the middle third of its length; stigma % lin. long,

subclavate, rather obtuse. Roem. d& Schultes, Syst. Veg. wil. 388 ;

E. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pf. Docwmente, 79, 204 ; Meisn. in DC.

Prodr. xiv. 302. Protea capitata, Poir. Encyel. Suppl. iv. 575.

Paranomus capitatus, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 580.

Nivenia. | PROTEACEA (Phillips & Hutchinson). 715

Coast Recion: Worcester Div. ; Dutoits Kloof, Dréye! | Brand Vley,

Roxburgh ! :

9. N. crithmifolia (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 136) ; branches

tomentellous except when quite young and then more or less tomen-

tose ; leaves all alike, 2-2} lin. long, bi- or tripinnately divided in the

upper two-thirds, glabrous except when quite young, coriaceous, ulti-

mate segments terete, rarely flat, with an obtuse callous apex ; heads 4-

flowered, spicate ; spikes terminal, solitary or several together, up

to 34 in. long, cylindric, shortly or rarely rather long-pedunculate ;

peduncle and flowering axis stout, densely rusty-tomentose ; bract sub-

tending each partial head about } in. long, nearly 2 lin. broad, longand

caudate-acuminate from an ovate base, coriaceous, glabrous within,

very densely villous with interlacing hairs outside ; floral bracts

ovate-oblong, obtuse or subobtuse, up to 4 lin. long and 1} lin. broad

in the flowering stage, becoming harder, longer and shortly pointed

in the fruiting stage ; perianth-tube densely long-villous, glabrous

at the base ; segments 5 lin. long ; claws shortly tomentellous ; limb

1 lin. long, narrowly elliptic, obtuse, villously bearded besides the

shorter tomentellous indumentum; anthers 3 lin. long, oblong ;

hypogynous scales | lin. long, linear, acute ; ovary surrounded by a

ring of dense long hairs at the base; style 5 lin. long, villous or

pubescent from near the base to within 1 lin. of the stigma ; stigma

3 lin. long, ellipsoid, obtuse ; fruits about 34 lin. long, 2 lin.

thick, ellipsoid, acutely beaked, smooth and shining, ivory-white,

surrounded by a ring of long hairs at the base. Roem. Schultes,

Syst. Veg. iii. 387 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr, xiv. 301. Protea Lagopus,

Andr, Bot. Rep. t. 243. N. Bolusii, Gandog. in Bull. Soc. Bot.

France, xlviii. p. xevi. Paranomus crithmifolius, Knight, Prot. 69,

excl. syn. Thunb., Linn. and Berg. ; O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 580.

Sour AFrRIca: without locality, Lindley! Thunbery (named Protea Lagopus B

in his herbarium) !

Coast RxGton : Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland Mountains, Mund, 50!

Niven! Bolus, 4197! Caledon Div. ; Genadendal, Drege! mountains of Bayiaans

Kloof, near Genadendal, Burchell, 7814! near Bot River, Bolus, 1852! Oudt-

shoorn Div. ; Oliphants River, Gill!

10. N. Lagopus (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 137); branches.

pilose ; leaves all alike, 14-2 in. long, bipinnately divided in the

upper half, pubescent or puberulous when young, soon becoming

glabrous, ultimate segments slender, terete, obtuse, up to } in. long ;

heads 4-flowered, spicate ; spikes terminal and solitary or sometimes

clustered and pedunculate, up to 24 in. long, about 3 in, in diam.,

very densely flowered ; flowering axis tomentose ; bract subtending

each partial head about 4 lin. long, subulate-linear, very acute,

densely villous outside ; floral bracts about 21 lin. long and 1} lin.

broad, ovate, long and gradually acutely acuminate, almost. mem-

branous, very densely long-villous outside ; flowers at the time of

opening 4 lin. long or less ; perianth-tube shortly pubescent, or

nearly glabrous; segments 34 lin. long; claws tomentellous or

716 PROTEACE® (Phillips & Hutchinson). | Vivenia.

shortly pubescent, becoming spirally coiled in the open flower ; limb

1 lin. long, lanceolate, subobtuse, villous outside; anthers sessile ;

hypogynous scales linear; ovary surrounded by a ring of hairs ;

style 33-4 lin. long, thinly pubescent in the lower half; stigma

ellipsoid, subobtuse, gradually passing into. the style, about 4 lin,

long. Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 387; E. Meyer in Drege,

Zwei Pfl. Documente, 78, 119, 204 ; Meisn. in DO. Prodr, xiv. 302,

incl. var. sericea, Meisn. l.c.? N. micrantha, Schlechter in Engl.

Jahrb. xxvii. 107. Protea Lagopus, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 19 (excl.

specimen B of his herbarium) ; Willd. Sp.i.510. Paranomus abrotant-

folius and P. cumuliflorus, Knight, Prot. 68.

SoutH Arrica ; without locality, Thunberg, sheet «! Roxburgh !

Coast Recion: Tulbagh Div. ; near Tulbagh Waterfall, Bolus, 1351! New

Kloof, Drége, a! Worcester Div. ; near Brede River Station, Drége, b! Bredas-

dorp Div. ; Elim, Schlechter, 9640! Swellendam Div. ; on mountains, Viven !

11. N. spicata (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 136, excl. syn. —

Thunb.) ; branches tomentellous or puberulous ; leaves all alike,

about 2 in. long, bipinnately divided in the upper half, puberulous

when young, soon becoming quite glabrous, ultimate segments up to

} in. long, terete except for a narrow groove on the upper surface,

obtuse ; heads 4-flowered, spicate ; spikes terminal, solitary or sub-

solitary, up to 34 in. long, lax, pedunculate ; peduncle mostly about

1 in. long, densely yellow-tomentose, bearing a few subulate very

acute shortly pubescent bracts 4—5 lin. long; bract subtending

each partial head about 2 lin. long, subulate-lanceolate, acute,

shortly tomentose outside ; floral bracts about 2 lin. long and broad,

broadly ovate, caudate-acuminate, coriaceous, shortly and softly —

tomentose or tomentellous outside, glabrous within ; perianth-tube

about 1} lin. long, glabrous at the base, shortly pubescent above ;

segments about } in. long: claws shortly and softly tomentose,

recurved or coiled in the open flower ; limb 1 lin. long, lanceolate-

elliptic, subobtuse, villous outside ; anthers 3 lin. long, linear-oblong ;

hypogynous scales } lin. long, linear ; ovary surrounded by a ring of

long hairs; style 7 lin. long, sparingly pilose in the lower half ;

stigma gradually passing into the style, about ? lin. long, clavate,

subobtuse. Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 386; Meisn. in DC.

Prodr, xiv. 301. N. media, R. Br. 1.c. 137 ; E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei

Pfl. Documente, 72, 73, 204 ; forma Zeyheri, Gandog. in Bull. Soc.

Bot. France, xlviii. p. xevi. N. intermedia, Steud. Nomencl. ed. 2,

ii. 196, name- only. N. laxa, Schlechter in Journ. Bot. 1897,

282? Leucadendron spicatum, Berg. in Vet. Acad. Handl. Stockh.

1766, 327; Berg. Deser. Pl. Cap. 25. Protea spicata, Linn. Mant.

alt. 187; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 511, excl. syn. Thunb. ; Andr. Bot. Rep.

t. 234. Paranomus bracteolaris, Knight, Prot. 68. P. medius and

P. spicatus, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 580.

Coast Reeion : Clanwilliam Div. ; Blau Berg, Honig Valley and Koude Berg,

Drége, «1! Pakhuis Pass, Bolus, 9082! and without precise locality, Mader, 953

Piquetberg Div. ; Pikeniers Kloof, MacOwan, 1947 ! Schlechter, 10770! Tulbagh

Div.; New Kloof, Dréye! Worcester Div. ; Matroosberg, Jarloth, 2248.

Nivenia.| PROTEACE& (Phillips & Hutchinson). TEE

Caledon Div. ; Babylons Tower Mountains, Zeyher, 3716! Zwart Berg, MacOwan,

770! Galpin, 4484! near Caledon, Bolus, 9917! 9927! Bredasdorp Diy. ; near

Elim, Bolus, 7863! Swellendam Div. ; on mountains, Niven! Riversdale Div. ;

near Garcias Pass, Galpin, 4483 !

CenTRaL Recron : Ceres Div. ; Witzen Berg and Scurfde Berg, Zeyher, 1479!

12. N. tomentosa (Phillips & Hutchinson) ; branches _ terete,

densely and softly tomentose or subvillous with whitish hairs ;

leaves all alike, erect, 1}-1} in. long, bipinnately divided in the

upper two-thirds, more or less flabellate in outline, permanently silky-

tomentose with silvery-white hairs, ultimate segments 1—3 lin. long,

terete, obtuse ; heads 4-flowered, spicate ; spikes terminal, solitary,

subsessile, about 14 in. long, subcylindric ; flowering axis densely

tomentose ; bract subtending each flower-head 4 lin. long, about

3 lin. broad, broadly ovate and somewhat cupular, shortly acuminate,

coriaceous, adpressed-pilose outside, glabrous and shining within ;

floral bracts 4, about 4 lin. long, 2-2} lin. broad, ovate-oblong,

rounded at the apex, thinly coriaceous, densely adpressed-pilose

outside, glabrous within; flowers surrounded by numerous long

white hairs; perianth-tube 2 lin. long, densely adpressed-pilose ;

segments about } in. long; claws straight, densely villous; limb

1} lin. long, lanceolate, subobtuse, densely villous with long hairs

outside ; authers scarcely 1 lin. long, narrowly elliptic ; hypogynous

scales 1 lin. long, linear, subacute; ovary subovoid, pubescent ;

style } in. long, pubescent nearly to the apex, gradually passing

into the stigma which is 2 lin, long, subcylindrie, subacute, glabrous ;

fruit about 4 lin. long, obliquely oblong, beaked, obtusely 4-angled,

minutely puberulous, with a dense ring of long hairs at the base.

Nivenia mollissima, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 74, 204,

not of R. Br.

Coast Recon : Clanwilliam Div, ; Ezelshank, Drége! Koude Berg, Schlechter,.

8770!

13. N. mollissima (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 138) ; branches

tomentellous with short crisped hairs ; leaves all alike, bipinnately

divided in the upper two-thirds, tomentose, rarely becoming nearly

glabrous in the fruiting stage; ultimate segments about | in, long, sub-

obtuse or subacute, apiculate; heads 4-flowered, spicate ; spikes

terminal, solitary or clustered, 2-3} in. long, about } in. in diam. ;

peduncle }-1} in. long, densely tomentose, bearing a few scattered

bracts ; bract subtending each partial head 14-24 lin. long, linear,

linear-lanceolate or ovate, acuminate, acute or subacute, villous ;

~ floral bracts 14-34 lin. long, ovate, shortly acuminate, subacute or sub-

obtuse, tomentose ; perianth-tube 1—1} lin, long, pubescent or villous ;

segments 4—4} lin. long, spathulate-linear ; claws tomentose ; limb

-§ lin. long, elliptic or ovate-elliptic, subobtuse, villously

bearded ; anthers }—3 lin. long, linear ; hypogynous scales linear ;

Ovary minutely pubescent, surrounded by a ring of long hairs at the

base ; style 4} lin. long, pilose or villous on the middle third of

718 PROTEACEE (Phillips & Hutchinson). | Nivenia.

its length; stigma } lin. long, subeylindric, subacute ; fruit 2 lin.

jong, obliquely ovoid, long-beaked and tipped by the persistent

style. Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 388; Meisn, in DC. Prodr.

xiv. 302. N. spicata, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 136 as to syn.

Thunb. N. candicans, R. Br. in l.c. 221, in obs. ; Roem. & Schultes, l.c.

389; Meisn. le. Protea spicata, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 20; Murr. Syst.

Veg. ed. xiv. 37; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 124. P. candicans,

Thunb. Prodr. Append. 186; Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 123. P. mollis-

sima, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. iv. 575. Paranomus argenteus, Knight,

Prot. 68% P. candicans and P. mollissimus, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl.

ii. B80. Serruria? albicans, Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 378.

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Sparrman ! Thunberg | Masson ! Roxburgh !

Coast REGIon : Stellenbosch Div. ; Hottentots Holland Mountains, Thunberg !

Uniondale Div. ; Lange Kloof, Masson.

Imperfectly known species.

14. N.? concava (R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 221, in obs.) ;

branches very villous ; leaves subsessile, imbricate, ovate, concave,

somewhat wrinkled, glabrous, with a subcallous apex; heads

crowded, globose; bracts short, ovate, acute, like the perianth

pubescent. Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 388 ; Meisn. in DC.

Prodr. xiv. 302. Protea concava, Lam. Ilustr, i. 234 ; Poir. Encyel.

v. 642. Paranomus concavus, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. ii. 580.

Said to be from the Cape.

15. Paranomus longicaulis (Knight, Prot. 70); stem 5-6 ft. high ;

branches long ; lower leaves bipinnatifid, upper spathulate ; spike

short, very close ; bracts very hairy.

Coast Recton : Riversdale Div. ; Gouritz River, Niven.

Known to us only from Knight's description ; it may be identical with one of

the species with dimorphic leaves which oecurs in the same region.

ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA.

VERBENACE A.

1. Vitex mooiensis, var. Rudolphi (H. H. W. Pearson in Hook.

Ic. Pl. sub t. 2705); young parts clothed with tawny pubescence ;

leaves whorled or opposite, pubescent ; petioles pubescent; calyx

glandular-pubescent, 5-toothed ; tube 1-1} lin. long; teeth about

3 lin. long.

EasteRN Recion: Delagoa Bay ; Ressano Garcia, in stony places at 1000 ft.,

Schlechter, 11935 !

LABIATA.

Page 310, line 8 from the bottom, for (22) Peglere, read

(33) Peglere.

PROTEACE/:.

1. Brabeium stellatifolium (Linn.). Add to localities on

p. 505 :—

Clanwilliam Div. ; near Clanwilliam, Leipoldt, 72! Stellenbosch Div. ; Lowrys

Pass, MacOwan! Swellendam Div.; Duivels Bosch, near Swellendam, Pappe !

Riversdale Div. ; near Riversdale, Schlechter, 1930 !

1. Aulax cneorifolia (Knight). Add to localities on p. 507 :—

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Ludwig, 3, 2!

3. Aulax pallasia (Stapf). Add to localities on p. 508 :—

SoutH AFrica: without locality, Ludwig, 6, 2 ! Caledon Div. : Houw Hoek

Mountains, MacOwan, 2978!

Page 512, line 34, for fusciflora, read fusciflorum.

6. Leucadendron aurantiacum (Buek). On p. 520, lines 12 and

11 from below, delete P. cinerea, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 127, not of

Willd.

13. Leucadendron cinereum (R. Br.). Add as synonym on

p. 524, line 20, Protea cinerea, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 127, not of

Willd. Add to localities on p. 524 :—

Sourn Arrica: without locality, Masson! Malmesbury Div.; near Hopefield,

Bolus, 12812!

720 ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA.

17. Leucadendron abietinum (R. Br.). Add to localities on

p. 526 :—

Riversdale Div. ; Zoetmelksfontein, Muir, 450!

20. Leucadendron fusciflorum (R. Br.). Add to the syno-

nymy on p. 528 :—L. Thunbergii, Endl. Gen. Suppl. 4, ii. 75.

24. Leucadendron imbricatum (R. Br.). On p. 530, lines 7 and 6

from below, read P. polygaloides, Willd. Herb., ex Meisn. l.c.

929. Leucadendron platyspermum (R. Br.). Add to localities on

page 534 :—

Bredasdorp Div. ; near Elim, Schlechter, 9636 !

31. Leucadendron Dregei (E. Meyer). Add to localities on

p. 535 :—

Oudtshoorn Div. ; Zwartberg Pass, Bolus, 122624

34. Leucadendron strictum (R. Br.). Add to localities on

p- 536 :—

Riversdale Div. ; Platte Kloof, Muir, 391!

36. Leucadendron adscendens (R. Br.). On p. 538, lines 12

and 13, delete Protea argentea, Linn., var. B? Sp. Pl. ed. i. 94.

44. Leucadendron crassifolium (R. Br.). Add to the syno-

nymy on p. 543 :—L. spathulatum, Buek ex Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv.

226, not of R. Br.

48. Leucadendron squarrosum (R. Br.). On p. 545, line 7, delet

Protea arcuata, Lam. Ill. i. 234, exel. var. B% ;

53. Leucadendron venosum (R. Br.). Add as synonyms on p- BAT :

—L. conchiforme, K. Schum. in Just, Jahresb. xxvi. 1. 3642 Protea

conchiformis, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. 27817

54. Leucadendron daphnoides (Meisn.). Add_to the syno-

nymy on p. 548 :—L. insigne, Buek ex Meisn. in DC. Prodr. xiv. 219.

61. Leucadendron marginatum (Link). On_p. 550, lines 17, 16

and 15 from below, for P. ciliaris, Hort. ea Roem. & Schult. Syst.

Veg. iii. 356, and P. ciliata, Breit. Hort. Breit. 380, fide Meisn. b.6.5

read P. ciliaris, Wendl. ex Meisn. l.c., and P. ciliata, Hort. Angl.

ex Meisn. lL.c.

76. Leucadendron? lineare (Burm. f. Fl. Cap. Prodr. 4).

Soutu Arrica: without locality, Burmann.

ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA. 721

77. Leucadendron xanthoconus (K. Schum. in Just, Jahresb.

xxvi. i. 364); a shrub 2 ft. high ; branches erect, like the young

leaves white silky-pubescent ; leaves about 2 in. long, 2 lin. broad,

linear-oblanceolate, long-attenuated to the base, with a short spiny

apex, those surrounding the head exceeding it and more or less

ovate; bracts close, ascending, tomentellous on the lower half

outside, glabrous on the upper part, about $ in. long and } in.

broad ; flowers not known ; fruits compressed, cordate at the base,

winged, black, glabrous, punctate, 2 lin. long, 3 lin. broad. Protea

aanthoconus, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. iii. 278.

Coast Rraron : Caledon Div. ; near Caledon, Auntze.

This is probably either L. uliginosum or L. salignum, R. Br.

3. Protea barbigera (Meisn.). Add to localities on p. 563 :—

Cenrrat Reson: Ceres Div. ; Klein Vley, Schlechter, 10054 !

7. Protea Lepidocarpodendron (Linn.). Add to localities on

p. 566 :—

Bredasdorp Div. ; above Bredasdorp, Collector ? in Herb. Albany Museum, 202!

8. Protea neriifolia (R. Br.). Add to localities on p. 567 :—

Port Elizabeth Div. ; Walmer, Mrs. Paterson, 677 !

9. Protea pulchella (Andr.). Add to localities on p. 568 :—

‘Clanwilliam Div. ; Packhuis Berg, Schlechter, 103819!

15. Protea macrophylla (R. Br.). Add to localities on p, 571 :—

Albany Div. ; Bothas Berg, MacOwan !

95. Protea mellifera (Thunb.). Add to localities on p. 577 :—

Port Elizabeth Div.; Port Elizabeth, Kemsley, 326!

98. Protea lacticolor (Salisb.). On p. 578, lines 4 and 3 from

below read :—lip 7 lin. long, 3-toothed, sparingly hairy along the

edges, otherwise glabrous.

‘Add to localities on p. 579 :-—

Eastern Recon: Tembuland; Cala, Kolbe, 60! :

The specimens collected by Pappe and Mrs. Newdigate at Knysna should be

referred to P. Mundii, while those from Stutterheim (Flanagan, 1703) and Bazeia

( Baur, 624) should be transferred to this species.

29. Protea Mundii (Klotzsch). Add to localities on p. 580 :—

Staadens Berg, Zeyher, 385 ! Van Staadens River, Drége !

Uitenhage Div. ; Van

VOL. V.—SECT. I.

722 ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA.

31. Protea grandiflora (Thunb.). Add to localities on p. 581 :—

George Div. ; Robinson Pass, Taylor, 318!

33. Protea abyssinica (Willd.). Add to localities on p. 582 :—

Transvaal ; Elandshoek, Rogers, 390 ! ;

34. Protea hirta (Klotzsch). Add to localities on p. 582 :—

Transvaal ; Pretoria Kopjes, Miss Leendertz, 694! Witwatersrand, Hutton, 892!

Elandspruit, Schlechter, 3864 !

39. Protea convexa (Phillips). On p. 585 add note :—

From a communication recently received from Mr. Phillips it would appear that

the description of the plant as a shrub up to 10 ft. high is wrong, the original

label should have read 0°3m. He describes it as possessing a subterranean stem.

The specimens at Kew are not in a condition to decide that question. At the

same time they may very well represent the ascending portions of decumbent

branches springing from an underground stem. Tf this is the case, P. convera

would be better placed near P. glaucophylla in the section Microgeanthex.

43, Protea multibracteata (Phillips). Delete from localities on

p- 586 :—

Transkei ; near Kentani, Miss Pegler, 274 (see under 46, P. Flanaganit).

Add to localities :—

East London Div. ; East London, Rattray, 124!

44. Protea tenax (R. Br.). Add to localities on p. 587 :—

Port Elizabeth Div. ; Bethelsdorp, Mrs. Paterson, 142!

47. Protea simplex (Phillips). Add to localities on p. 589 :—

Pondoland ; Insizwa Mountains, 6800 ft., Schlechter, 6504! Natal ; Howick,

Hutton, 193 !

57. Protea scolymocephala (Richard). Add to localities om

p- 593 :—

Piquetherg Div. ; Piquet Berg, Schlechter, 5185 !

62. Protea cynaroides (Linn.). Add to localities on p. 596 :—

Caledcn Div. ; Zwart Berg, Schlechter, 10346! Oudtshoorn Div. ; Oudtshoorn,

Taylor | Port Elizabeth Div. ; Port Elizabeth, Kemsley, 306!

63. Protea cryophila (Bolus). Add to localities on p. 597 :—

Clanwilliam Div. ; Wupperthal, MacOwan in Herb. Albany Museum !

ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA. 723

72. Protea tenuifolia (R. Br.). Add to localities on p, 602 :—

Swellendam Div. ; Voormans Bosch, Zeyher, 3671 in Herb, Albany Museum !

The specimen (Zeyher, 3671) in the Albany Museum is certainly P. tenuifolia,

but it approaches so closely to Zeyher, 3673, which was referred to P. scabra,

R. Br., that P. tenuifolia may actually represent only a narrow-leaved state of

that species. Meisner indeed quotes both under P, scabra, 6 stenophylla,

78. Protea revoluta (R. Br.). Add at end of description :—

Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iii. 352 ; Meisn. in DC. Prodr, xiv. 243.

80. Protea humiflora (Andr.). Add to localities on p. 606 :-—

Bredasdorp Div. ; Pot River, Pappe!

4. Leucospermum conocarpum (R. Br.). On p. 617, line 4 from

above, read :—Diss. Prot. 22, partly; Fl. Cap. ed. Schult, 126, partly.

6. Leucospermum attenuatum (R. Br.). On p. 618, line 4 from

below, delete query, and on p. 619 add to localities :—

SourH Arrica: without locality, Ecklon & Zeyher, 7!

9. Leucospermum ellipticum (R. Br.) Add to localities on

p. 620 :—

Worcester Div. ; Breede River Valley, between Worcester and Tulbagh, Ludwig!

20. Leucospermum crinitum (R. Br.). P. 630, line 18, “ prima”

was not intended by R. Brown for a varietal name to L. olewfolium.

21. Leucospermum olewfolium (R. Br.). P. 630, line 32,

“altera” was not intended by R. Brown for a varietal name. Add

to localities on p. 631 :—

Swellendam Div. ; mountains between Zondereinde River and Breede River, Zeyher,

3684b ! and read in last line, Zeyher, 3684a, instead of 3683.

25. Leucospermum buxifolium (R. Br.). On p. 634, line 9 from

above, read:—Protea pubera, Thunb. Diss. Prot. 43, partly; Fl.

Cap, ed. Schult, 140, partly.

27. Leucospermum royenifolium (Stapf). Add to localities on

p. 636 :—

SourH AFRICA: without locality, Thunberg in Herb. Swartz!

98. Leucospermum prostratum (Stapf). Add to localities on

p. 636 :-—

Sourn AFrrica: without locality, Ecklon & Zeyher, 6!

Page 636, line 10 from the bottom, for 221 read 227.

S402

INDEX.

[SYNONYMS ARE PRINTED IN italics.]

Page Page : Page

Abrotanoides Acantuus, Linn. . . 36 | ACROTOME (con.)

arboreum, etc., Pluk. 666 | capensis, Linn. f. . 26 pallescens, Benth. . 335

ACANTHACEZ .. 1 carduifolius, Linn. f. 84 Thorncroftii, Skan . 335

Acanthodium furcatus, Linn. f. . 28 |Adenogramma . . . 454

angustun, Nees . . = 25 var. a, E. Mey. 27 | ApHATODA, Nees i 2h OF

capense, Nees . 26,27! glaber, K. Mey. . 34 anagalloides, Nees . 65

var, B, Nees . . 27! glaucescens, E. Mey. 34} Andromeda, C. B. Cl. 76

var, villosum, Nees 29 glomeratus, Lam. 32 capensis, Nees . . 60

capense,Sont. . . 27| Aumilis, Vahl. 33 var. arenosa, Nees 60,73

carduifolium, Nees . 34 ilicifolius, Linn. . 36 cheiranthifolia, Nees 58

dipsaceum, E. Mey. . 34] integrifolius, Linn. f. 24| cuneata, Nees . 61, 74

dispermum, Hary. . 35 var. ¢,E. Mey. . 28)| diosmophylla,Nees . 64

diversispinum, Sond... 31 macer, i, Mey. . . 28{ divaricata,Nees. . 73

var. a, Nees =... -, 31 maderaspatensis,Linn, 24} Duvernoia, C. B. Cl. 77

furcatum, Nees . . 28| procumbens,Linn.f.. 32| fasciata,Nees . . 59

furcatum, Sond.. . 29} procumbens, Willd. . 47| flava,Nees . . . 59

glabrum, Nees . . 34) spathularis, E. Mey. 35 | hyssopifolia,

glaucum, Nees . . 34 | Achyrantha Var. a Nees, ..... 81

grossum, Wight . . 26] repens,Linn, . . 432| Jeptantha,Nees . . 75

hirtinervium, Nees . 27 | ACHYRANTHES, Linn, mollissima, Nees. . 70

var. inerme, Nees 28 | glaucus, E. Mey. . : 34 Betonica, Nees . . 5

hoffmannseggianun, acuminata, HZ. Mey.. 429] natalensis, Nees. . 76

Nees . . . .». 85} alba, Eckl. & Zeyh. . 480 odora, Nees . . . 62

macrum, Nees . . 28) aspera, Linn, . . 428) orchioides

marginatum, Nees . 29/| atropurpurea, Lam. . 424 var.a, Nees . . 73

plumosum, E, Mey. . 35 avicularis, E, Mey. . 430 var. latifolia, Nees’ 64

plumulosum, E.. Mey. 35{| decumbens, Forsk. . 404| patula,Nees. . 64, 66

procumbens, Nees. 32) frumentacea, Burm.f. 429 | petiolaris,Nees . . 59

serrulatum, Nees . 31] hamosa, Burch. . . 429 var. B, Nees OO

sinuatum, Nees . . 32] Jdanata,Linn.. . . 426} protracta,Nees . . 61

spathulare,T. And. . 35) Jlappacea,Linn. . . 423 vate, eck ce. 62

squarrosum, Nees . 30 leptostachya, E, Mey. 430\ pygmea,Nees . . 64

Acantuopsis, Harv, . 33) paniculata, Forsk. . 404) rostrata, Solms-Laub. 43

carduifolia, Schinz . 33] robusta, rotundifolia, Nees . 63

var. glabra, C. H. Wright. . 428) thymifolia,Nees. . 64

CB.ClL . . 34| verticillata, Znunb. . 429) ftrinervia,Nees . . 58

carduifolia, Schinz . 35 | AcHyRopsts, Hook. f. . 429 tubulosa, Nees ae

disperma, Nees . . 34) acicularis, Hook. f. . 430) variegata

glauca, Schinz . . 34) alba, Hook.f. . . 430 var. pallidivr, Nees 58

- hoffmannseggiana, avicularis, Hook. f. . 430 | HoLantuus, Mart. . 294

C.B.Cl. . . . 85) leptostachya, Hoot. f. 430) canescens, Giirke . 294

spathularis, Schinz . 35) hispida, Benth. . . 336 Rehmannii, Giirke . 295

trispina, C. B. Cl . 35 | inflata, Benth. . . 335 | Einva, Forsk. . . . 425

726

JERVA (con,)

ambigua, Moq. .

lanata, Juss. eee

leucura, Mog. .

ETHEILEMA

anisophyllum, E. Mey.

imbricatum, R. Br.

reniforme, Nees .

AGATHELPIS, Choisy

adunca, E.Mey... .

angustifolia, Choisy .

brevifolia, E. Mey.

mucronata, E. Mey. .

nitida, H. Mey. . .

parvitolia, Choisy

Spy UDISEge oy

AguaGa, Linn. :

africana, Pers.

capensis, Pers; 5°":

Ophrydis, Burch. .

_ALTERNANTHERA,

Fore oo

Achyrantha, 2. Br. .

achyranthoides, Hiern

echinata, Sm. ws

lappulacea,

Schlechtend., .

repens, Steud. . .

sessilis, R. Br. .

AMARANTACEE .

AMARANTHUs, Linn. .

Blitum, Linn, . .

Jrumentaceus, Buch.-

1s C8 RO legge

grecizans, Baker

yess 8) ae a

paniculatus, Linn.

retrofiexus, Linn.

spinosus, Linn, ,

Thunbergii, Mog.

viridis, Linn. .

Ambrina

ambrostoides, Spach .

Botrys, Moqu

fetida, Mog...

pinnatisecta, Spach .

Amerina

triphylla, ADC...

Amphoranthus

spinosus, S. Moore

Anastrophea .

Anethifolius

frutex africanus, ete,

Sebas. 6

Aphyteia

Hydnora, Ach...

multiceps, Burch,

- Arbor

exthiopica hexaphylia,

Flak. . 0 7

505

INDEX.

Argyrodendros

africana foliis, etc.,

Comm. Aes,

Arthrocnemum

fruticosum, Moq.

indicum, Bunge . .

Asteracantha —

longifolia, Nees

AsysTasia, Bl.

capensis, Nees

coromandeliana, Nees

gangetica, T. And,

natalensis, C. B. Cl. .

Schimperi, 7. And. .

var. Grantit,

CB. Cl.

sp. Bth & Hk. f. .

stenosiphon, C. B. Cl.

subbiflora, C. B. Cl. .

varia, V. £. Br.

Athlianthus, Endl. .

Atraphaxis

undulata, Linn. . .|

ATRIPLEX, Linn. . .

albicans, Ait. .

ambrosioides, Crantz

angustifolia, 5m...

Bolusii, C. H. Wright

capensis, Moq.

farinosa, Moq. . .

glauca, Crantz .

glauca, Linn.

halimoides, Lindi.

Halimus, Linn. ,

inflata, F. Muell.

laciniata, Linn. .

Lindleyi, Moq.

littoralis, Linn. .

maritima hispanica,

ete, Deli as

microphylla, Willd. .

multifidu, Crantz .

odorata, Pers. .

patula

var, angustifolia,

Syme

polysperma, Crantz .

portulacoides, Gmel.

rosea, Linn. .

rubru,Crantz . .

tatarica, Linn.

Verreauxii, Mog.

BOULAK Here, fs

cneorifolia, Anight 506,

pallasia, Stapf. . 508,

pinifolia, Berg. . .

umbellata, R. Br...

umbellata, E. Mey. .

Aulojusticia

linifolia, Lindau. .

AVICENNIA, Linn. .

africana, Beauv...

Meyeri, Miq. ee

officinalis, Linn.

resinifera, Forst.

tomentosa, Jacq...

var. arabica, Walp.

BALLorTa, Linn. 3 3-7.

africana, Benth... .

Pseudodictamnus,

Benth.<. 33

BARLERIA, Linn. . .

acanthoides, Vahl.

var. lanceolata,

Sching . + «

affinis, C. B. Cl...

barbata, Z. Mey.

barbata, E. Mey.. -

bechuanensis, C. B. Cl.

var. _ espinulosa,

CO BIOL ee

burchelliana, Nees

burkeana, Sond. . +

cimereicaulis,

ND. Bee

crossandriformis,

CO. BU ve

diandra, E. Mey.

elegans, S. Moore

Galpinii, C. B. Cl.

Gueinzii, Sond. .

Holubii, C. B. Cl.

ilicina, Z. Mey. -

irritans, Vees

var. B, Nees os

var. rigida, C. B. Ch:

jasminiflora, C. B. Cl.

lichtensteiniana, Vees

longifolia, Linn.» +

macrostegia, Vees

media, C. B. Cl. .

meyeriana, ees «

natalensis, Lindau

obtusa, Nees. -

yar. cymulosa,

Hochst. .

var., Nees .

ovata, LE. Mey. - +

pretoriensis, C. B. Ch.

Prionitis, Linn. - +

prionitoides, Engl. -

on. @5. 0 e726

pungens, Linn. f.

yar, 5, ZB. Mey.

var. macr ophylla,

eg * . MER,

| ens, Thunb... =

pater C. B. C1.

repens, Nees . . *

rigida, Neet st =

BaRLERIA (con.)

stimulans, 2. Mey. . 48

var. macracantha,

Nees. 748

uitenhagensis, Hochst. 53

Virgula, C. B. Cl. = 48

Wilmsii, Zindau . 54

Woodii; 0; Bock: 2-20

Becium, Lindl. . . 230

angustifolium,

Neo BP ee oa 231

burchellianum,

Ny Bo Bre. ae te 282

obovatum, V. £. Br. 230

var. Galpinii,

Ne Be Bb e231

var. hians, V. £. Br. 231

-Betonica

capensis, Burm. f. 348

heraclea, Linn. . 364

Blairea

nodiflora, Gertn. . 193

Blepharacanthus

capensis, Drége . «27

Ffurcatus, Presl . 27

integrifolius, Pres] 28

procumbens, Drege . 32

procumbens, Hook. 32

BLEPHARIS, Juss. . . 22

angusta, 7. And. . 295

boerhaaviefolia, Pers. 24

var. micrantha,

Sond, 2.420584605:)24

capensis, T. And. . 28

capensis, Pers. . . 26

carduifolia, T. And. 34, 35

var. glabra, T. And. 34

dilatata, C. B. Cl. . 31

var. _ explicatior,

GABSCh 18t 23 2

diversispina,

CoP Cle we SL

Ecklonii, C. B. Cl. . 27

furcata,T. And... . 30

furcata, Pers. 28

glauca, T. And. . . 34

glomerata, Poir.. . 32

hirtinervia, 7. And. 27

hirtinervia, T, And. 27, 29

-inequalis, C. B. Cl. 32

énermis, C. By Chi. + 28

innocua, C.B. Cl. 25

integrifolia, E. Mey.. 24

linariefolia, Pers. . 26

longispica, (’. B. Cl. 30

marginata, C. B. Ci. 29

mitrata, 0.8.0. 27

molluginifolia, Pers. 24

obmitrata, C. B. Cl. 29

procumbens, T. And. 31

INDEX.

BLEPHARIS (con.)

procumbens, Pers. .

pruinosa, Hngl. . .

saturejexfolia, Pers. .

serrulata, Fic. § Hiern

setosa, Nees . .

sindiva, T. And. .

sinuata, C. Bo Ch. <

spathularis, T. And. ,

squarrosa, 7. And. .

Stainbankie, C. B. Cl.

subvolubilis, C. B. Cl.

Toqodelia, Solms-

Laub. . . . .

uniflora, C. B. Cl. *.

villosa, C. B. Cl.

Blitum

glaucum, Koch .

polymorphun,

Cr Ae Meyers a6

rubrum, Reichenb. .

virgatum, Linn. .

BOERNAAVIA, Vaill. .

adscendens, Willd. .

ascendens, Choisy.

bracteata, Z. Cooke .

Burchellit, Choisy

dichotoma, Hochst. °.

diffusa, Linn. .

grandiflora, A. Rich.

pentandra, Burch. .

procumbens, Roxb.

repens,

var. diffusa,

Hooke foe ics

Botrydium

aromaticum, Spach

Schraderi, Spach

BoucHEA, Cham. . .

adenostachya,

cernua, Schauer. .

cuneifolia, Schauer .

garepensis, Schauer .

glandulifera, Pears.

hederacea, Sond.

var. natalensis,

Peerage.

latifolia, Hurv. .

var. glabrescens,

POR EO

longipetala, Pears. .

namaquana, Bolus

pinnatifida, Schauer .

pubescens, Schauer .

pumila, Schauer .

Schlechteri, Giirke .

Wilmsii, Giirke .

Braperum, Linn. .

stellare, Knight. .

727

Page

BRABEIUM (con.)

stellatum, Thunb. . 595

stellatifolium, Zinn.

504, 719

stellulifolium, Murr.. 505

Brabyla

capensis, Linn, . , 505

Brunia,

foliis oblongis, Burm. 533

levisanus, Linn... 533

Buchnera

cernua, Houtt. 202

cernua, Linn. =. «204

cuneifolia, Thunb. 202

pinnatifida, Linn. f. . 105

CaticoreMa, Hook.f. 427

-ecapitata, Hook. f. 427

Calophanes

Burkei, T. And... 18

costatus, T. And. 20

crenatus, Schinz. 16, 43

Nagchana, Nees. . 16

natalensis, T. And. 16

Persoonii, T. And. 18, 19

radicans,

var. mutica,

S. Moore oe foet1T

setosus, Nees. . . 15

Cumara

suviefolia,O. Kuntze 190

var. transvalensis,

O. Kuntze . . 190

CAMPYLOSTACHYS,

Month se ey, 182

abbreviata, E. Mey. . 187

cernua, Kunth . . 182

phylicoides, Sond, 183

Campylostemon

campanulatus, E.Mey, 65

Cardui generis elegan-

tissimi, etc., Clus.. 567

Caryoxylon

fatidum, Mog. . . 452

Salsola, Thunb, . . 453

tubercuiatum, Mog. . 453

Zeyheri, Moq. 452

Cassyta

americana, Nees. . S01

guineensis, Sch. &

Thome sos S01

CaszytTua, Linn. - 500

americana, Meisu. . 501

capensis, Meisn. . 501

var. spicara, Meisn. 501

ciliolata, Nees . 601

filiformis, Linn. . 500

glabelia, kK. Mey. 501

guincensis, Meisn. 501

var. Livingstonii,

Meisa. . “SOL

728

INDEX.

wet Page Pag: Page

CASSYTHA (con.) CHENOPODIUM (con.) Conocarpodendron

pondoensis, L'ng/. 501 fruticosum, Linn. . 451 acaulon ; folio rigido,

pnibescens, E.Mey. . 502) glaucum, Linn. . . 437 Boerh.. = ee

rubiginosa, E. Mey. . 502) Halimus, Thunb. .. 445) folio angusto rigido,

sp. E.Mey. . . . SOL) laciniatum,Thunb. . 446 Boerhs.:: 35 538

triflora, E. Mey... 501 littorale, Thunb. 444 folio crasso,_ete.,

CEDRONELLA, Moench. 233 marginatum, Crantz 437 Boerh.. . 617

canariensis, Webb & microphyllum, Thunb. 446 | folio rigido, ete.,

Berth, . . . 3834/ mucronatum, Zhunb. 440 Boerh. . a: see

canariensis _ viscosa, murale, Zinn. . . 437) foliis subrotundis,

Comm. . . . 334] olidum, Curt. . . 438 Booth. . s cs 3 ee

triphylla, Moench 334) pauciflorum, Herb. folis subrotundo,

Cetosia, Linn. . . 404 Vatdiae saiie. SARL Boerh. aa a ee

odorata, Burch. . . 407) Payco, k. & S. . 441) foliotenui,etc.,Boerh, 519

recurva, Burch. . 407 polyspermum, Zinn. 437 | Conocarpodendros

trigyna, Linn, . . 404. var. cymosum, foliis argenteis,Boevh. 517

triloba, Meisn. - 404 Cheval... . . 487 | Conophorus

CEeNTEMA, Hook. f. . 418) portulacoides,Thunb. 443 capensis pinifolius,

cruciata, Schinz. . 419 rubrum, Linn. . . 436 Petive gece es

subfusea, 7. Cooke . 418 var. pseudobotry- CorRIGIouA, Linn...

Ceratogonum ee: amen OF capensis, Willd. .

atriplicifolium, Watsei 2c... 486 | litoralis, dann 4

Ay Rieke eee se 69 schraderianum,R.&S. 440 littoralis, DC. . «

cordofanum, Meisn. . 462 — sericeum, Spreng. 447 var. capensis, Fenzl

sinuatum, Hochst. . 462 sinuatum, Thunb. 446 telephiifolia, Pourr. .

Cua&Tacantuus, Nees. 18 vestitum, Thunb. . 444 |CRABBEA, Harv. . .-

Burchellii, Nees . 19 Vulvaria, Linn... . 438 angustifolia, Nees: = 3

Burkei,Sond. . . 19 CLERODENDRON, Linn... 218 cirsioides, Nees . «

costatus, Nees . . 19) ceruleum, NV. Z. Br. 222} Galpinii, C. B. Cl. .

glandulosus, Nees . 19 capense, Don . . 225} hirsuta, Harv. . -

Pi ersoonii, Hochst. . 19 capense, Eckl. & Zeyh. 219 nana, Nees . .

Persoonii, Nees . . 18) cuneatum, Giirke . 223) ovalijolia, Fic. & Hiern

Persoonii, Nees. . 15 glabrum, F. Mey. . 219 pedunculata,

¢ var. a, Nees... 62 var. angustifolia, N, BAB ae

setiger, Lindau ., . 18 E, Mey.. . . 219| pungens, Harv. .

Chascanum var, ovale, Pears.. 219 robusta, V. Z. Br. .

cernuum, E.Mey. . 204| hirsutum, Pears, . 221 wndulatifolia, Engl. .

cuneifolium, E. Mey.. 202 var. ciliatum, CROSSANDRA, Salish, . |

garipense, E.Mey. . 203 Pears. . . . 221)| Greenstockii,S. Moore —

pinnatifidum, E.Mey. 206 myricoides, R. Br. . 223 |Cryprocarya, R. Br. .

pumilum, E.Mey. . 205 var. cuneatum, acuminata, Schinz .-

Chasme : Pears. . . 223 angustifolia, 2. Mey.

ramentacea, Knight . 534/ natalense,Giirke. . 221 | latifolia, Sond. . +

teretifolia, Knight . 526 ovale, Baker. . . 219) myrtifolia, Stapf.

CHENOLEA, Thunb. . 447 ovale, Klotzsch . . 219 Sutherlandii, Stapf -

diffusa, Thunb. . . 447| Rehmanni, Giirke . 220| Woodii, Engl. . ~

CHENOPODIACEZ . 433] Schlechteri, Giirke . 224 | Wyliei, Stapf «. -

CHENoPoDIUM, Linn, . 435 | simile, Pears. . 224 | Cubeba :

album, Linn, . . 438) spinescens, Giirke . 221 bordonensis, Miq. -

F enzl + + «+ 439] wuncinatum, Schinz . 222 costulata, Miq. + +

var, integrifolium, — Wilmsii, Giirke . . 224 | Cuscuta

Fenzl + + «+ 439 | Coccobryon cassytoides, Nees. +

ambrosioides, Zinn. 436 capense, Mig. . . 489 |CyaTHULA, Lour. . -

var. dentatum, Coreus, Lour.. . . 289] angustifolia, Moq. +

Fenzl . . . 436| Pentheri, Giirke, . 289| crispa, Schinz +» ~

baryosmon, R, &S. . 452] Rehmannin, Brig. . 289| cylindrica, Mog. -

Blitum, ¥. Muell. . 435 | Conifera globulifera, Moq. -

Botrys, Linn, . . 439} africana, foliis, ete. natalensis, Sond.. +

fetidum, Schrad. . 439 Sloane, . . . 576! spathulata, Schinz +

CYATHULA (con.)

spathulifolia, Zopr. .

Cyclonema

ciliatum, Harv. .

hirsutum, Hochst. .

myricoides, Hochst. .

var. sylvaticum,

Schauer

serratum, Hochst.

spinescens, Oliv. .

sylvaticum, Hochst. .

triphyllum, Harv.

CYPHOCARPA, Lopr.

angustifolia, Lopr.

resedoides, Lopr. .

trichinioides, Lopr. .

Wilmsii, opr. .

Zeyheri, Lopr.

CYTINACEE .

Cytinus, Linn.

dioicus, Juss. .

Dulea

Lippiastrum, Gertn.

Deniseia

dehiscens, O. Kze

Desmochexta

atropurpurea, DC, .

flavescens, DU. .

uncinulata, Hiern .

Dianthera

bicalyculata, Retz. .

flaca, Vahl . .

sylvatica, Burch.

Diasretia, Knight .

bryiflora, Aniyit .

ericefolia, Anight .

humifusa, Aniyht .

myrtifolia, Anight .

parilis, Amgit .

serpyllifolia, Knight

vaceiniifolia, Knight

Diciiprera, Juss. .

bivalvis, Nees.

blepharostegia, Presi

capensis, Nees.

clinopodia, Nees .

fasciata, Presl .

Hensii, Lindau .

heterostegia, Pres!

minor, C. B. Cl.

ovata, bag 9 °

| -propinqua, Nees «

— Quintasii, Lindau

transvaalensis,

G. B. Cl, . * *

. .

verticillaris, Juss. . —

zeylanica, Nees .

Dilivaria

horrida,Nees . .

ilicifoliu, Juss...

2 ee ee ee ee ae

INDEX.

Diplopyramis

ethiopica, Welw.

Dipteracanthus

cordifolius, Nees. .

patulus, Nees . .

pilosus, Nees . .

sp., Drége .

Zeyheri, Sond.

DiscuisMA, Choisy

affine, Schlechter

arenarium, #. Mey. .

capitatum, Choisy

chamedryfolium,

WS ests

ciliatum, Choisy .

var. crassifolium,

E. Mey.

clandestinum,

E. Mey. .

clandestinum,

Schlechter . .

crassum, Rolfe . .

erinoides, Sweet. .

flaccum, E. Mey.

fruticosum, Rolfe

hispidum, Sweet .

leptostachyum,

Bie Ms is

occludens, Schlechter

spicatum, Choisy .

‘squarrosum,

Schlechter. . .

tomentosum,

Schlechter .

Dracocephalum

canariense, Linn.

Dufourea

hypnoides, A. St. Hil.

Duranta, Linn. .

Plumieri, Jacy. .

Duvernoia

adhatodioides,

oC eee

Andromeda, Lindau .

tenuis, Lindau . .

trichocalyx, Lindau

DyscHORISTE, Nees.

bie, ge .

_depressa, Nees.

erecta, v. B c .

Fischeri, Z

mutica, C. B. Ch

transvaalensis,

CBG a neon

Ecpouivm, Kurz . .

Flanagani, C. B. Cl. .

protractum, Schinz .

Echinopsilon

diffusus, Moq. . «+

sericeus, Moq. . .

oe. ao a eS!

Ecteinanthus

divaricatus, T, And. .

ecklonianus, 1’. And. .

origanoides, T. And. .

ovatus, T, And. ,

prolicus,T. And. .

Enretia

triphylla, Hochst. .

POaeX, Macks sis ca

australis, Steinh. .

Centropodium, Meisn.

Podocentrum, Meisn.

spinosa,

var. capensis,

Campd...... +

Enpostemon, J. £. Br.

obtusifolius,

i Peo Bis cs Bits

Eranthemum

angustifolium, Murr.

obovatum

var. ),E, Mey. .

var. c, E. Mey.

parvifiorum, Berg. .

parcifolium, Linn. .

Erodendrum

acuifolium, Knight .

emulum, Knight. .

amplexicaule, Salish.

bombycinum, Knight

cespitosum, Knight .

coronarium, Knight .

cynareflorum, Kaight

eximium, Knight .

fetidum, Knight .

formosum, Salisb. .

glaucophyllum, Knight

grandiflorum, Knight

holosericeum, Knight

incomptum, Knight .

ligulefolium, Knight

limoniifolium

var. B, Knight ‘

longifolium, Knight .

longipenne, Knight .

lorifolium, Knight .

magnificum, Knight .

mellifluum, Knight .

omer

Le ae ee

obtusum, Knight. .

peoniflorum, Knight.

pinifolium, Knight .

restionifolium, Knight

scolopendriifolium,

Knight... . %

scolymiflorum, Knight

iosum, Knight .

tenaz, Salisb. . .

730

Page

Erodendrum (con.)

turbiniflorum, Salisb. 601

umbonale, Knight 575

Eurotia

capensis, E.Mey. . 418

EvurYLopium, Hochst... 187

serrulatum, Hochst... 187

Euryspermum

grandiflorum, Salisb, 546

salicifolium, Salisb. . 536

EuTuysracuys, A.DC, 186

abbreviata, A.DC, 186

Eucolus

caudatu3, Moq. . 411

Exomis, Fenzl. 2 . 441

albicans, Mog. . . 445

atriplicioides, Mog. . 445

axyrioides, Fenz] 441

Fabria

cordifolia, Nees . 14

pilosa, Nees. poe 14

rigida, E.Mey... 14

FAUREA, Harv.. . 639

arborea, Sim...) 642

Galpinii, Phillips 640

Macnaughtonii,

Phillips’... 642

natalensis, Phillips . 641

saligna, Hurv. 640

saligna, MacOwan 642

speciosa, Welw. . 642

Frutex

wthiopicus conifer,

Breyn. . 518, 538

raleopsis —

hispida, Thunb... 342

Gendarussa

capensis, Nees . . 60

capensis, Presl . 69

cuncata, Nees, 61

densiflora, Hochst. . 76

diosmophylla, Nees . 64

foliolosa, Presl vA

Ayssopifolia, Nees. 61

incana, Nees , 09

var. villosa, Nees . 73

leptantha, Nees . 75

Linaria, Nees 64

mollis, Hochst. ye 6S

mollis, E. Mey. Q

mollis, Pres] ee

odora, Presh 3) -4.") 62

orchioides, Nees , 64

patula, Drege Pe ay il

patula, Nees... 68

patula, Presl 73

protracta, Nees . 62

prunellefolia, Hochst. 62

pygmea, Nees 64

tridentata, Nees . 83

INDEX.

GENIOsPoRUM, Wall.

angolense, Brig...

Germanea

myriantha, Briq. .

GLOssocHILUs, Nees

Burchellii, Nees .

GOMPHRENA, Linn.

globosa, Linn.

GOsELA, Choisy -

eckloniana, Choisy .

Guaguedi, Bruce

Halimus

portulacoides, Dum. .

HEBENSTREITIA, Linn.

alba, Jacq. ‘

albiflora, Jarosz .

augusta, Pritz.

aurea, Andre!) "%

capitata, Hort. Berol.

capitata, Thunb. .

chamedryfolia, Link

ciliata, Berg. pene:

comosa, Hochst...

var. integrifolia,

Rlfs He

var. serratifolia,

Gard. Chron.

Cooperi, Rolfe

_ eordata, Linn. iv

crassifolia, Choisy .

dentata ? Thunb.

dentata, Thunb. .

dentata, Linn. f.

var. _integrifvlia,

£. Mey. :

var. _ integrifolia,

Be Mayr. es

var. parvifolia,

Choisyit i.

discoidea, E. Mey. .

Dregei, Rolfe :

elongata, Bolus . .

erinoides, Linn. f..

fastigiata, Steud...

fastigiosa, Jarosz.

fenestrata, Rolfe

Fruticosa, Linn. f.

fruticosa, Sims F

var. dura, Rolfe .

var.

Onbia 2954

var. robusta, Rolfe

glaucescens, Schlechter

hamulosa, FE. Mey.

hispida, Lam.

integrifolia, Linn.

var. laxiflora, Rolfe

lanceolata, Rolfe.

leucostachys,

Schlechter .

lanceolata,

Page |

293 |

293

271

433

177

582

443

114

104

102

113

112

114

102

106

109

114

108

107

109

115

100

105

104

114

102

102 |

109 |

HEBENSTREITIA (con.)

macra, L. Mey. .

macrostylis,

Schlechter . .

minutiflora, Rolfe .

Oatesii, Rolfe . .

parviflora, 2. Mey. .

parviflora, E. Mey.

var. _ denticulata,

Choisy Q

polystachya, Harv. .

pubescens, Qolfe

pulchella, Salisb.

ramosissima, Jarosz

Rehmannii, Rolfe

repens, Jarosz

robusta, #. Mey...

var glabrata,E.Mey.

sarcocarpa, Bolus.

scabra, Thunb. .

scabrida, Burm. f.

spicata, Thunb. :

stenocarpa, Schlechter

Sutherlandi, Rolfe

tenera, Spreng. -

tenuifolia, E. Mey. -

tenuifolia, Schrad. «

virgata, E. Mey. . +

Watsoni, Rolfe . -

Hemizygia .

bracteosa, Briq. . +

Cooperi, Briye + +

foliosa, 5. Moore.

galpiniana, Briq. .

Junodi, Briq.

te .

var. Quintasii, Briq.

teucriifolia, Briq.

HERMBSTADTIA,

» Reich: ser?

caffra, —_ .

elegans, Jloq. . «+

va recurva, Mog.

glauca, Moq.

laxiflora, Lopr. . +

odorata, 7. Cooke -

recurva, C. B, Cl. -

rubromarginata,

C. H,

transvaalensis, Lopr.

transvaalensis, Lopr-

HeRNIARIA, Linn. . +

capensis, Steud. «+

hirsuta, Linn, + +

ineana

yar. capensis, Pers.

lenticulata, Thunb. .

virescens, Saltzm. -

Horminum

disermas, Moench

110 | foliosum, Burm.f. -

Wright.

Torminum (con.)

sylvestre majus,

Barrel . :

HostunpiA, Vahl .

decumbens, Benth. .

opposita,

var. decumbens,

Baker :

verticillata, Brig. .

Hypnora, Thunb... .

Acharii, Hook. f,

africana, Thunb. :

triceps, Drege ¢

Dy Mey

HyYDROSTACHYS,

Toners or.

natalensis, Wedd.

HYGROPHILA,

i Rit Dkeree ter ey <s

spinosa, JZ. And...

Hyvporstes, R. Br. .

antennifera, S. Moore

arieunta; heer os

var. spinnin

Nets."

clinopodia, Nees .

depauperata, Lindau

jimbriata, E. Mey.

Forskalei, R. Bre.

glabrata, Prest

menthefolia, 2. Mey.

phaylopsoides,

S. Moore . .

plumosa, E. Mey.

triflora, R. §& 8. .

verticillaris, R. Br. .

Hypolepis

sanguinea, Pers...

Hypophyllocarpodendron

foliis inferioribus, etc.,

Dethior. ..

foliis lanuginosis, etc.,

j Boeri res

EY PTs, Jaca “2

pectinata, Poit. .

Tsoza, N. i. Br.’

Bainesii, WV. 2. Br.

Barbera, V. £. Br. .

brevispicata, V. 2. Br,

Galpini, 2. £. Br. .

riparia, N. £. Br. .

ILLECEBRACEZ . .

Iilecebrum

Achyrantha, Linn. .

_ sessile, Linn. :

IsoGLossa, Oerst.

Bachmanni, \indau .

Bolusii, C. B. Ci. .

ciliata, Lindau .

delicatula, C. B. Ch.

INDEX.

IsOGLOSSA (con.)

eckloniana, Lindau .

Grantiy Co BoC

hypoestiflora, Lindau

Macowanii, C. B. Cl.

origanoides, Lindau .

ovata, Lindau . .

prolixa, Lindau .

stipitata, C. B. Cl. .

sylvatica, C. B. Cl. .

Woodii, C. B. Cl.

Lsopogon

anethifolius, Knight

Justicia, Linn.

acinoides, Hort. Kew.

amygdalina,

var. a, E. Mey. .

anagalloides, T. And.

anselliana, Lindau,

arenicola, Engl...

aristata, Vahl

Betonicay T. And.

Betonica, Linn. .

betonicoides, C. B. Cl,

blepharosteg ia,

i. Mey. :

Bolusii, C. B. Cl.

Bowiei, C. B..Cl.

Brycei, C. B. Cl.

Burchellii, C. B, Ci.

Campylostemon,

FS Ande ee a

sett

capensis, E Maye. 3s

capensis, Thunb...

caulopsila, E. Mey.

cheiranthifolia,

Cibo esr

clinopodia, KE. Mey. .

conrexa, kK. Mey.

cuneata, T. And...

cuneata, Vahl.

diosmophylla, Lindau

divaricata, Willd.

divaricata, Zeyh.

exigua, S. Moore

Sasciata, E. Mey.

foliolosa, Drege .

foliosa, KE. Mey. . .

- Forskalei, Vahl .

gangetica, Linn...

glandulifera, E. Mey.

hantamensis, Lindau

heterostegia, E. Mey.

incana, T. And. .

incerta, C. B. Cl.

intercepta, E, Mey. .

Kraussii, C. B. Cl.

var. florida, CLB. Cl.

eS a wn ©

80,

Page

JUSTICIA (con.)

leptantha, Lindau 74

leucodermis, Schinz . 70

Linaria, TOA 3 S41

lupulina,

var. a, E. Mey. 57

var. €, E.Mey. . 58

macilenta, E. Mey. 78

matammensis, Vliv.. 66

mollis, E. Mey... ~~ 69

mutica, C. B.Cl.. «G1

namaensis, Schinz . = 73

natalensis, T. And. 76

odora, Vulkl . . 61

olexfolia,

Schlechtend. . . 60

orchioides, T, And. . = 73

orchioides, Linn, f. . 63

orchivides, Vent... . 64

pallidior, C, B. Cl. 58

var. Cooperi,

: CEB AE LEE SB

paniculata, Forsk. . 89

patula, T. And. . . 63

patula, E.Mey. . 71, 73

petiolaris, 2. Mey. . = 59

polymorpha, Schinz . 62

prolizxa, E.Mey... . 81

prostrata,

Schlechtend... . 75

protracta, T. And. 62, 63

pulegivides, . Mey. 62

var. late-ovata,

Be Gs 62

pulegioides, E. Mey. . = 79

rotundifolia, ZL. Mey. 63

spartioides, T. And. . = 72

spergulefolia, T.And. 60

suffruticosa, E, Mey. 74

thymifolia, C. B. Cl. 64

tridentata, E. Mey. 84

triflora, Forsk. . . 87

trinervia, Fahl. 58

tubulosa, E. Mey. . 74

verticillaris, Linn. f. 88

Woodii, CoBe ch. = 64

Kalaharia

spinescens, Giirke . 222

spinipes, Baill, . . 222

Kocuta, Roth . 447

pubescens, Mog.. . 448

var, cinerascens,

pene wa AS

salsoloides, Fenz/ 448

sericea, Schrad. . 447

LABIAT AR os 2 296

LANTANA, Linn. . . 189

aculeata, Linn. . 192

africana, Linn. 94

731

732 INDEX.

: Page | Page | Page:

LANTANA (con.) Lepidocarpodendron (con.) LEUCADENDRON (con.)

Camara, Linn. . . 191) foliis sericeis, etc., concolor, Meisn.. . 9549

capensis, Thunb, . 94 BOethG CG i 6!) us PEO var. ciliatum,

crispa, Thunb. . . 94) folio subrotundo, Meisn. . +. +: Dae

galpiniana, Pears. . 189 Boerh. Sg hin ca OO var, insigne, Meisn. 548

indica, Roxb. . . 190 | Leptostachya var. /anceolatum,

lavandulacea, Willd... 195 | campylosiemon, Nees 65 Meisn. .. «ee

rugosa, Thunb, . . 190 | Lerchea coniferum, Meisn.

salviefolia, E.Mey. . 190) maritime, 518, 536, 538

salvifolia, Jacq. . . 190 var. fruticosa, coniferum, Sieb, . . 536

scabrida, Ait. . .. 192 O; Bz6a ary. v4 LOL Conocarpodendron,

Lasiocorys, Benth. . 372) obtusifolia,Stew!. . 451 Linn. 5. 9 eee

capensis, Benth,. . 373 Lestiboudesia coriaceum,

LAURINEA. 3... «4 493 |: caffra; Meisn. .. .:....,.. 406 Phill. § Hutch. . 531

Laurus Lestibudesia corymbosum, Berg. . 527

bullata. Burch. . . 499| ftrigyna, R.Br. . . 404) crassifolium, &. Br.

Leonotis, R. Br. . . 374/|LevcApDENDRON, R. Br. 509 543, 720

Bachmanuii, Giirke . 382 abietinum, R, Br. 525, 719 crinitum, Steud... 630

brevipes, Shan . . 378 abietinum, E. Mey. . 534 cucullatum, Linn. . 646

dasyphylla, Drege 380 | acauion, Linn. . .. 602 cuneiforme, Burm. f. 591

_ dubia, Z. Meu. . 380 acuminatum, Buek . 540| cuspidatum, Klotzsch 9518

dysophylla, Benth. . 380| acutum,Meisn. . . 531} cyanvides,Linn.. - 678

Galpini, Sean . . 379) adscendens, R. Br. . 537 daphnoides, Meisn. 548, 720

hirtifora, Benth. , 377 var. pallens, Phill. decorum, R. Br. 546

intermedia, Benth. . 381 " § Hutch... .... 588 var. minus, Buek . 542

intermedia, Zind/l. . 381; e«mulum, R. Br. . 534 var. zeyherianum,

var. natalensis, var. homeo- Meisn, «+ ee

CRON Ges ek wu BOE phyllum, Meisn, 534] decurrens, R. Br. . 540

latifolia, Giirke . . 379| gwmuium,Schlechter. 543} discolor, Buek « + 544

laxifolia, MacOwan . 381) angustatum, R.Br. 549 | discolor, Buek . - 540

Leonitis, R. Br... 377 var. /atifolium, divaricatum, Berg. ._ 852

var. hirtiflora, Shan 377 Meisn. . . . 549| Dregei, £. Mey. . 535, 720

Leonurus, Rk. Br. . 375! angustatum,E. Mey. 530| dubium, Buck « + 529

var. albiflora, Benth. 376 argenteum, 7’. Br. . 516 elatum, Buek . + 522

Leonurus, Rand . . 380 aurantiacum, Buek . 520 empetrifolium, eee

malacophylla, Giirke 380 aurantiacum, Buek , 521 Gandog. ». + + 549

microphylla, Skan . 377 | aurewm, Burm.f. . 577 | _ ericifolium, R.Br. 5. Bee

mollis, Benth. . . 378| brunioides, Meisn. . 528 | ericifoliwm, Drege - SoA:

var. albiflora, Skan 378| buekianum, Meisn. 540, 544 | — eucalyptifolium, a

nepetzxfolia, R. Br. . 374 | buxifolium,R. Br. . 530 Buck « 3h eee

ovata, Spreng. . . 377 yar. dubium, Meisn. 530 | filamentosum, 51

parcifolia, Benth. . 381) callosum, Hoffmgg. . 550 Burm. fe 2 2 * ae

Schinzii, Cathe gs BIB canaliculatum, flavescens, Link. + 551

urticifolia, Brig. | 382) E.Mey. . . 528,530| floridum, R.Br. + 218"

West, Skan . . 382} cancellatum, Linn. . 507| floridum, Drege. oo oe

Leonurus : cartilagineum, R. Br. 637 | fusciflorum, R. Br, 53% 70

africanus, Mill. . . 376| caudatum, Link. . 549| Galpinii, Phill. $

grandifiorus, Moench 376 ciliatum, E. Mey. . 549 ithe see 535:

minor, etc.,Boerh. . 377 | cinaroides glaberrimum, ga

Lepidocarpodendron Var. a; Linn: .. 4: .596 Schlechter + + oo

,acaulon, etc., Boerh,. 602 var, B, Linn. . . 580| glabrum, &. Bt. 8 ~

acaulon, ramis cinereum, R. Br. 528, 719 var, angustifoliums

numerosis, Boerh., 593) cinereum, Meisn.. . 520 Meisn.: s+) ee

etc, Boerh. . . . 508) cinereum, E.Mey. . 522 var. oblusatum, 540

foliis angustis, ete, comosum, Buek . . 525 eg a

Boerh. —_566, 574, 576.| conchifurme,K.Sch, . 720 | Globularia, R. Br. 532

foliis longissimis, concinnum, &. Br. , 539 | @lobularia, E. Mey. -» 70

Boerh. el ake Oe var. Jatifolium, glomeratum, Linn. 667,° :

folio saligno, etc., | Meisn. . . . 540/ glutinosum, Hutch. -

Boerh. . . . 581! concolor, R. Br. . 546! grandiflorum, R. Br.

Page

LEUCADENDRON (con.)

grandiflorum, Buek . 548

heterophyllum,

E. Mey. 4 543

hirsutum, Hoffm. 533

dirtum, Linn. "(649

humifusum, Z. Vey. 549

Hypophyllocarpoden- i

dron, Linn. 5. 626

imbricatum, R, Br... 530

var. canaliculatum,

"Melsn. 5. 5 ts Bae

inflecum, Klotzsch 525, 528

inflexum, Zink . . 561

insigne, Buek 720

involucratum, Meisn. 550

lanigerum, Buck . 542

var. levigatum,

Meisn. ¢s 848

lanigenum, Meisn, . 9542

Lepidocarpodendron,

Le ee ee

levisanum, Berg. 532

lineare, Burm. f. . 720

lineare, Steud. . 549

linifolium, R. Br. . 527

marginatum, Link . 590

meyerianum, Buek . 539

minus, Phill.§ Hutch, 541

var. ° glabrescens,

* Phill, § Butch. 542

nanium, Berg. - 595

nervosum, Phill. &

Mitchie Oe

nitidum, Buek . . 522

obtusatum, Meisn, . 637

odoratum, Steud. . 592

oleefolium, Berg. . 631

ovale, R. Br. . . «545

var. /humifusum,

ae O50

pedunculatum, Meisn. 525

Phillipsii, Hutch. . 538

phylicoides; Berg. . 680

pinifolium, Linn, =. 507

latyspernium

Ph Br... & $88, 720

plumosum, R, Br. . 519

polifolium, Burm. f. 591

polygaloides, Zink . 551

- prostratum, Meisn. . 636

proteoides, Linn... 654

‘proteoides, 2. Mey. . 520

proteoides, E. Mey. . 520

pruinosum, Mund =. 525

pseiidospathulatum,

Phill. § Hatch. , 548

pubescens, 7’, Br. . 531

pubescens, Meisn,. . 542

INDEX.

LEUCADENDRON (con.)

pubigerim, Linn.

pyramidule, Steud.

racemosum, Linn.

ramosissimum, Buck

repens,

var. a, Linn. .

Verh, ine eS

retusum, 2. Br.

retusum, Drege .

rubricallosum, Buek .

rubrum, Burm.f. ,

rugosum, Meisn. .

salignum, Berg...

var. ‘linearifolium,

Meisn. . :

Maite) oe

salignum, R. Br.

scabrum, R. Br.

scabrum, Steud...

schinzianum,

Schlechter .

Schlechteri, PAill.

Tu Ch ES oe

Scolymocephalum,

Dink’ oe

scoparium, E. Mey. 529, 707

sericeum, &, Br.

sericocephalum,

Schlechter. . .

Serraria, Burm...

Varo; inns: '.) ¢.

var. 8 Linn 2°;

var. y, Linn. ‘ji

sessile, A. Br. ‘

sorocephalodes,

635

541

692

535

576

599

545

548

543

545

549

538

518

537

518

526

525

521

593,

524

523

680

666

665

666

550

Phill. § Hutch. 528, 708

spathulatum, 2. Br.

spathiatum, Buek .

spathulatum, Meisn. .

543

720

541

spherocephalum, Berg. 6*3

spicatum, Berg. . 716

splendens, Burm.f. . 552

squarrosum, R. Br. 544

stellare, Steud. . . 528

stellatum, Sweet. . 528 |

strictum, A. Br. 536, 720

tennifoliam, Meisn. . 528

Thunbergii, Endl, 584, 720

thymeleoides, R.Br. . 651

tortum, #. Br, . .

tortum, Meisn. . .

var. inflecum, Meisn.

truncatum, Meisn. .

uliginosum, 2, Br. .

undulatum, Link

venosum, 2, Pr,

var, oblongifolium,

Meisn. 5s

(524

532

528

532

517

552

547, 720

547

733

LEUCADENDRON (con.)

524

verticillatum, Meisn.

virgatum, Drége, . 538

virgatum, Meisn. =. 536

xanthoconus, A. Sch. 721

Leucadendros

africana arbor, etc.,

Plak, 2 ese oe e5d7

africana, cte., Pluk... 645

similis africana, ete.,

PR ee OF

Leucadendrum

attenuatum, O. Kze . 619

buxifolium, O, Kze -. 634

calligerum, Knight . 635

cervinum, Knight 619

cordifolium, Knight. 614

crassicaule, Knight . 617

criniflorum, Knight . 631

ellipticwum, Knight’, 621

elongatum, Knight . 661

fallax, Knight . 622

formosum, Knight . 621

Sormosum, 0. Kze . 619

glomiflorum, Knight 551

gnaphaliifolium,

Knight . « 551, 638

gracile, Knight . . 551

grandiflorum, Salisb. 624

Gueinzii,O. Kze =. 624

heterophyllum, O. Kze 635

horizontale, Knight . 622

hypophyllum, Knight 626

lineare, O. Kze . 622

motte, O. Kze o° 3081

Mundii, O. Kze - 633

nutans,O. Kze . » 614

pedunculatum, O. Kze 632

penicillatum, O. Kze-. 630

phyllanthifolium,

Knight <>. 4° 619

puberum, Knight . 634

pwrerum, O. Kze 635

reflecum, O. Kze 625

~ rudolentum, Knight . 628

royenefolium, Knight 636

spathulatum,O. Kze 638

tomentosum, Knight. 627

Totta,@. Kze .' . «622

truneatulum, Knight 634

truncatum, O. Kze 619

xeranthemifoliam,

ugAE os B39

Levucas, Burm. 369

capensis, Engl. 373

Fleckii, Giirke . . 870

734

Page

LEwcas (con.)

galeopsidea, Hochst.. 370

glabrata, Rk. Bre. . 370

Junodii, Briq. . 370

_ martinicensis, 2. Br. 371

natalensis, Sond. a 00

neuflizeana, Cowrb. . 372

paucicrenata, Vatke . 372

sexdentata, Shan . 371

LeucosreRMUM, R. Br. 610

attenuatum, &. Br,

618, 723

var. ambiguum,

Meten. 6. 00 518

var. Dregei, Meisn. 618

var. premorsum,

MOIS 6 ora 623

Bolusii,Gandog. . 634

Bolusii, Phillips, . 615

buxifolium, &. Br. 633, 723

forma epacridea,

Gandog. . . 634

canaliculatun, Buek . 626

eandicans, Loud. . 628

cartilagineum,

Philips pia. cg G38

conocarpum, &. Br. 616,723

crinitum, R. Br. 629, 723

crinitum, Klotzsch . 633

eryptanthum, Buek . 631

diffusum, R. Bre. 631

diffusum, Meisn.. . 636

diffusum, Sieber . . 626

Ecklonii, Buek . . 627

ellipticum, R. Br, 620, 723

formosum, Knight . 570

Gerrardii, Stapf. . 619

glabrum, Paillips 617

grandiflorum, 2. Br. 623

Gueinzii, Meisn.. . 624

hypophyilum, R. Br. 625

var. canaliculatum,

Meinns. (os 6 4. 626

var. stenophyllum,

Meats. ne O06

var. vulgare, Meisn. 626

incisum, Phillips . 620

involucratum, R.& S. 550

lemmerzianum,

Schlechter. . . 635

lineare, R. Br. . 4 622

var. calocephalum,

Gandog. . , 622

MacOwanii, Gandog. 616

marginatum, Spreng. 550

medium, R. Br. . , 621

medium, Drege . . 631

forma Zeyheri,

Gandog. . «4. 681

Meisneri, Gandog. , 614

INDEX,

Page

LEUCOSPERMUM (con.) LIpPrIa (con.)

mixtum, Phillips . 615 caffra; Sond. oon

mole, hy BY... 4 . Gdl capensis, Spreng. .

Muirii, Phillips . . 627 nodiflora, Michr. .

Mundii, Meisn. , 632 ovata, Linn. . :

nutans, &. Br. . . 614] pretoriensis, Pears. .

var. integrum, Rehmanni, Pears. .

Gandog. . . 614| wrepens,Schauer . .

obtusatum, Phillips. 637} reptans, H. Bg AK. .

olexfolium, R. Br. 630, 723 sarmentosa, Schauer

var.Brownii, Meisn. 630} scaberrima, Sond. .

ovatum, R.&S.. . 577 scabra, Hochst. ¥

parile, Phillips . . 629 Wilmsii, Pears...

patulum, R. Br. . «= 635 | Lophiocarpus

pedunculatum, Burchellii, Hook. f. .

Klotzsch . . . 632] polystachys, Turcez. .

penicillatum, Buek . 630 tenuissimus, Hook. f.

var. trichanthum, LInuchea

Gandog. . . 630] ericoides,F. W.Schm.

premorsum, Buck . 623 | Mackaya, Hary. f

prostratum, Stapf 636, 723 bella, Harv, 3% ek

puberum, 2. Br. . 634 | Macrorunera,C. B. Cl.

var. dubium, Meisn. 636 longistrobus, C. B. Cl.

var, patulum, MARCELLIA, Baill...

Mein, . . . 685) — Bainesti, C..B. Ch.

purpureum, Mund 633 | Marrubium

reflexum, Buck . . 624) africanum, Linn. .

royenifolium, Stapf crispum, Linn. «

635, 723 | Pseudodictamnus,

sarosum,S. Moore . 619 Linh 66 4

spathulatum, &. Br. 638 Thouini, Schult. -

- var. dentutum, Mentaa, Linn. ‘

Meisn. . . . 628} aquatica, Zinn. . .«

var. Nivenii, Meisn, 638 capensis, Thunb. +

spathulatum, Drége . 711): subsp. capensis,

stenanthum, Brigg.

Schlechter. . . 632} longifclia, Huds. .

tomentosum, #. Br. 626 subsp. _ capensis,

var. 8,5. Br. 4 628 BGs sa

var. candicans, subsp. polyadena,

Metsn.*.° 12), : 628 Brig. = 4 a ee

var.y 8. Bris. 629 var. Cooperi, Brig.

var. Dregei, Meisn. 629 var. doratophylla,

tottum, A. Br... 621 Brig. + + +

truncatum, Buek 4° G18 yar. obscuriceps,

var. septemden- Brij. ss ie

tatum, Gandog., 618 var. salicina, Brig.

Zeyheri, Meisn. . . 6181} salicina, Benth. « +

var. truncatum, spicata, Huds. +

Meisn. . 618 var. viridis, Linn. .

zwartbergense, Bolus 637 sylvestris, Linn. .

Leucospuara, Gilg . 413 subsp. polyadena,

Bainesii, Gilg . . 413 Briq. oo ace

Pfeilii, Gilg . . . A414 viridis, Linn, + *

Linostylis Micranthus :

ovata, Sond... 16| imbricatus, 0. Kze «+

Lippta, Linn. . . . 192] dongifolius, O. Ka

asperifolia, Rich... . 195| longrfolius, Lindau ‘se

bazeiana, Pears... . 197 oppositifolius, Wendl.

a ;

MIcRoDON, Choisy. .

eylindricus, Z. Mey.

linearis, Choisy ,

lucidus, Choisy

orbicularis, Choisy .

ovatus, Choisy ,.

sp., Drege . . 176,

Micromerta, Benth. .

biflora, Benth.

ovata, Benth.

pilosa, Benth. . .

Micropiper

pusillum, Miy. .

Microtra, Sw... .

Burchellii, W. Z. Br.

gracilis, A. W. Hill .

polystachya, NY. Z. Br.

tenuissima, V. 2. Br.

MIMETES, Salisb. r

argentea, Knight .

Buekii, Gandog. . .

capitulata, R. Bre.

capitulata, Sieber.

cucullata, R. Br. .

var. Dregei,

Gandogy:) °6.-<6

var. /axa, Gandog.

divaricata,R. Br. .

Jimbrizfolius, Knight

floccosa, Kniyht . .

Hartogii, R. Br...

hirta, Knight . .

homomalla, Reichb. f.

integra, Hutchinson .

intermedia, Buek

Ludwigii, Steud...

lyrigera, Knight. .

var. Hartogii,

PAT Dea

Massoni, Meisn, .

mixta, Gandog. . .

myrtifolia,

Varo, RoBri

var, By Re Br. iu

nitens, R. & S.

palustris, Knight .

parvifiora, Klotzsch .

pauciflora, R. Bre,

purpurea, R. Br...

saxatilis, Phillips .

spectabilis, R.& S. .

splendida, Knight .

Zeyheri, Meisn, . .

Mirasiuis, Linn. ..

dichotoma, Linn...

Jalapa, Linn. .

Monecuma, Hochst. .

acutum, C, B. CL. .

angustifolium, Nees .

arenicola, C. B, Cl. .

INDEX.

MONECHMA (con.)

Atherstonei, C. B. C7.

bracteatum, Hochst.

debile, Schinz. .

divaricatum, C, B, Cl.

fimbriatum, C. B. Cl.

foliosum, C. B. Cl. .

incanum, C. B. Cl. .

leucoderme, C. B. Ci.

Minarigs GaB..Cle.

molle, CB: Ol...

namaense, C. B. Cl. .

nepetoides, C. 2. Cl.

pseudopatulum,

CBs Cle he

var. latifolium,

CoB CE. igsoass

spartioides, C. B. Cl.

MONIMIACEZ, ,

Moschosma: sess

riparium, Hochst. ,

MYOPORINEE ‘

Neckeria

campestris, Gmel. .

Nepeta

pectinata, Linn...

Nicoteba

Betonica, Lindau

trinervia, Lindau

NIventa, R. Br.

Bolusii, Gandog. ,

candicans, R. Br. .

capitata, R. Bre.

concava, Rk. Br. ,

crithmifolia, R. Br.

diversifolia, Pill.

bth eS ot,

Dregei, Buek. .

intermedia, Steud.

Lagopus, R&. Br. ,

laxa, Schlechter .

marginata, R. Br,

marginata, Drege

media, R. Br. .

forma Zeyheri,

GaNhGd ca: os

micrantha, Schlechter

mollissima, 2. Bre.

mollissima, E. Mey. .

Muirii, Phill. § Hutch.

parvifolia, R. Bre.

parvifolia, Drége. .

parvifolia, E. Mey. .

reflexa, PAill.§- Hutch.

Sceptrum, &. Br. ,

forma dissecta,

Gandog, 4

var. splendens,

Meist.o5. ix 4

Sceptrum, Meisn. ,

i 2 6 os + Gee 6 oe 6 Se eS

713

Tit!

NIVENIA (con.)

spathulata, R. Br.

spathulata, Drége’ ,

Spicata, R. Bro. ,

Spicata, KE; Br, .

tomentosa, Phill, &

vee utch. . . .

Zahlbruckneri,

Ostet yi

NYCTAGINEZ . ,

Obione

glauca,Moq.. . .

portulacoides, Moq. .

Ocrmom, Linn...

americanum, Linn. .

angustifolium, Benth,

bracteosum, Benth. .

burchellianum, Benth.

canum, Sims. . ,

var. integrifolium,

REG it

Dinteri, Brig, . .

jiliforme, Giirke.

fruticulosum, Burch.

Galpinii, Giirke .,

helianthemifolium,

Hochest.:.:.. .s

hians, Benth. ,

hispidulum, Sch.

Thomne..> oii o0

laxiflorum, Baker

obovatum, E. Mey.

obtusifolium, E. Mey.

polyctadum, Brig...

rariflorum, Hochst. .

serpyllifolium, Benth,

var. glabrior,

Benth. . . .

simile, NV. #. Br. ,

stamineum, Sims,

striatum, Hochst. .

enave, Wii. 2.

teucriifolium, Hochst,

Wilmsii, Giirke . ,

OveTrea, Anbhc fo,

bullata, 2, Mey...

Ocymum

hirtum, Herb. Banks.

racemosum, Thunb. ,

tomentosum; Thunb. ,

Ortra, Adans.. . ,

africana, Bocq. . ,

tevoluta, Bocg. .

Oreodaphne

bullata, Nees. .

OROTHAMNUS, Pappe .

Zeyheri, Meisn. . .

ORTHOSIPHON, Benth. ,

affinis, NY. k. Bre,

albiflorus, V. EZ. Br.

736

ORTHOSIPHON (con.)

Page

ambiguus, Bolus . 261

Bolusii, N. Z. Br. . 258

bracteosus, Baker . 248

canescens, Giirke . 259

decipiens, N. 2. Br... 252

Elliottii, Baker . 249

foliosus, V. #. Br. . 243

Gerrardi, V. £. Br.. 249

glabratus

var. africanus,

penthie. pd 6 ee Bb6

Aeterophyllus, Giirke 253

Holubii, V. Z. Br. . 258

humilis, NV. £. Br. . 259

inconcinnus, Brig. 256

labiatus, V..2. Br... 245

latidens, V. 2. Br. . 242

macranthus, Giirke . 242

macrophyllus,

Ne Be Bt ees 241

Muddii, VY. #. Br. . 245

natalensis, Giirke . 255

neglectus, Briq. . . 256

persimilis, V. #. Br. 246

Pretoria, Giirke. . 254

Rehmannii, Giirke . 251

Rogersii, N. E. br. . 247

serratus, Schlechter . 260

stenophyllus, Giirke . 250

. subvelutinus, Giirke. 253

‘teucriifolius,

Ni oBresice ie B54

- var. galpiniana,

NERA BP he B54

‘Thorneroftii,

Not Bes 0% 246

‘transvaalensis,

Schlechter. .. . 244

-varians, NW. B. Br... 256

Wilmsii, Giirke . . 255

var. komghensis,

WN EE Bre 5 2 388

“OxyGonuM, Burch. . 459

alatum,. Burch. . . 460

var. dregeanun,

Sonte "5. ae?

var. Marlothii,

Bagh ss oie oe 0

_atriplicifolium

var. sinuatum,

Bakers \ Fe hBe

* calearatum, Burch, . 462

canescens, Sond,. . 462

yar. subglabra,

Sching” . 622 4) 462

cordofanum, Dammer 462

delagoense, O. ze , 461

var. robustum,

0. Kae . 462 |

INDEX.

OXYGONUM (con.)

dregeanum, Meisn. .

Dregei, Meisnn ..

sinuatum, Dammer ..

Zeyheri, Sond. .

RAP enn 6 ess

abrotanifolius, Knight

adiantifolius, Knight.

argenteus, Knight

bracteolaris, Knight .

capitatus,O. Kze .

concavus, O. Kze g

crithmifolius, Knight

cumuliflorus, Knight

Dregei, O. Kze .

flabellifer, Knight .

longicaulis, Knight .

marginatus, O. Kze .

medius, Q. Kze .

parvifolius,O, Kze .

sceptriformis, Knight

spicatus, O. Kze 4

Paronychia

capensis, Spreng.

Paxiodendron

usambarense, Engl.

var. serratifolia,

dinghies 9

Pelianthus

celosioides, E. Mey. .

PEPEROMIA, Ruiz & Pay.

arabica, Decne :

Bachmannii, C.DC. .

caffra, E. Mey. .

capensis, Loud. ..

nana, CHOC. 24

reflexa, A, Dictr. .

var. capense, C.DC.

forma capensis,

Mique es

Rehmanni,C.DC. .

retusa, A. Dietr. .

var. ciliolata, C_.DC.

PERISTROPHE, Nees.

bicalyculata, Nees.

caulopsila,T. And. .

caulopsila, Pres!

cerniin, Nees. 2.

Hensii, C. B. Cl.

Krebsil, Pres! 3... <

natalensis, 7. And. .

oblonga, Nees. lk

sp. Benth. .

Persicaria

maculata, 8. F, Gray

PETALIDIUM, Nees...

Currori, S.Moore.

linifolium, Harv. .

oblongifolium,

Ce Be OES eG

Page

451

462

460

709

716

710

718

716

714

718

715

716

714

490

491

470

Petrophila

pulchella, R. Br. .

PHAOPTILUM, Radlk. .

Heimerli, Engl...

spinosum, Radlk.

Phaulopsis

longifolius, Lindau .

oppositifolius, Lindau

PHayLopsis, Willd. .

longifolia, Sims .

longifolia, 7. Thoms.

parviflora, Willd.

Phelypea

sanguinea, Thunb. .

Philocrena

pusilla, Bong.

Phlomis

capensis, Thunb,

caribea, Jacq. .

glabrata, Vahl.

Leonitis, Willd. . -

Leonotis, Linn. .

Leonurus, Linn. .

martinicensis, Sw.

micrantha, Burch. .«

ocymifolia, Burm. f. .

parvifolia, Burch. +

Phryma

dehiscens, Linn. f. -

Phylica

abietina, E. Mey.

mucronata, E. Mey. «

Puytonacca, Linn.

abyssinica, Hoffm.

americana, Linn. «

var. mexicana,

Lanes

decandra

var. acinosa, Moq.

dodecandra, L’ Hérit.

elongata, Salisb.. +

heptandra, Retz. «

lutea, Marsigl. . +

octandra, Linn. . -

var. grandiflora,

Mog

resedifolia,

Hort. Berol. .

resediformis,

Hort. Berol. . -

scandens, Hilsenb. &

Boj. . . . *

vulgaris, Crantz. -

PHYTOLACCACEE .

Pini filiis planta, ete, —

Burm. se

Preer, Linn. 5. *

borbonense, C.DC. .

capense, Linn. f. +

reflecwn, Linn. fs

Page

679

396

397

Page

PIPER (con.)

retusum, Linn. f. . 491

Volkensii, C.DC.. . 489

PIPERACEE .. .. . 487

Pircunia

abyssinica, Moq.. . 458

var. latifolia, A.Rich, 458

saponacea, Welw. . 458

Siricta, Mog...) . 20.8 9457

var. latifolia, Moq. 457

var. resediformis,

Moq. . 457

Pison1a, Linn. . 397

aculeata, Linn. . 397

Planta

Aphyteia. . 487

PLantaGo, Linn. 388

Betlardi, Dr'ge . . 390

Burchellii, Decne 391

cafra, Decne. . 389

capensis, Thunb. 391

var. B, E. Mey. 391

var. longissima,

Burl. oa 801

eapillaris, Z. Mey. . 390

carnosa, Lam. 391

dregeana, Presi . . 389

hirsuta, Thunb. . . 392

lanceolata, Linn. . 389

Leflingii, Thunb. . 390

longissima, Decne . 390

major, Linn. . 388

remota, Lam. . . 391

PLANTAGINEE . . 387

PLECcTRANTHUS, L’Hérit. 266

arthropodus, Brig. . 273

Bolusii, 7. Cooke . 281

Bolusii,T. Cooke . 256

ealycinus, Benth. . 270

var. pachystachyus,

T. Cooke 5 5° 871

ciliatus, 2. Mey. 275

coloratus, E. Mey. . 279

Cooperi, 7. Cooke . 278

densiflorus, 7. Cooke. 276

dolichopodus, Brig. . 287

Draconis, Brig. . . 288

Eckloni, Benth. .. . 279

elegantulus, Brig, . 286

esculentus, V. EZ. Br. 285

floribundus, VN, EZ. Br. 273

fruticosus, L’Hérit.. 271

pen See Schlechter . 282

grallatus, Brig... . 287

andidentatus,Girke 278

irtus, Benth. . . 284

hylophilus, Girke . 277

rookii, Giirke . . 274

var. grandifolia,

T. Cooke... + 975

VOL. V.— SECT. I.

INDEX.

PLECTRANTHUS (con.)

Kuntzei, Giirke .

laxiflorus, Benth.

lucidus, Burch. .

madagascariensis,

Benth... . . +

myrianthus, Brig.

natalensis, Girke

neochilus, Schlechter.

nummularius, Bri. .

pachyphyllus, Giirke

pachystachyus, Briq.

parviflorus, Giirke .

Peglera, TZ. Cooke .

petiolaris, H. Mey. .

purpuratus, Harv. .

pyramidatus, Giirke .

Rehmannii, Giirhe

saccatus, Benth... .

spicatus, 2. Mey. .

strigosus, Benth. .

var. lucidus, Benth.

Thunbergii, Benth, .

tomentosus, Benth, .

transvaalensis, Brig.

Tysoni, Giirke . .

villosus, Z. Cooke .

Woodii, Giirke . .

zuluensis, Z. Cooke .

Pleuranthe

amplexicaulis,

Knight .

glastiflora, Knight

subulefolia, Knight

PODOSTEMACER

Potuicuta, Sol. . .

campestris, Sol. .

var. marlothiana,

Engl 2s

Polycenia

cordata, E. Mey.. +

fenestrata, E. Mey. .

‘fruticosa, E. Mey. -

hebenstreitioides,

Choisy +. + +

lanceolata, E. Mey. .

var. pubescentihir-

suta, Walp. .

tenera, Walp. «. -

POLYGONACEE .'.

PoLyGonvuM, Linn.. -

abyssinicum, A. Rich.

acuminatum

var. capense, Meisn.

alatum, Buch.~Ham.

amphibium, Linn.

atraphaxoides, Thunb.

aviculare, Linn.. -

var. dregeanum,

Meisn. . - *

POLYGONUM (con.)

barbatum, Linn...

chamissoanum, Wedd.

Convolvulus, Linn. .

dregeanum, Meisn. .

Drege’, Meisn. .

glutinosum, Meisn. .«

var. capense,

MEH Ee Ls

herniarioides, Drege .

var. prostratum,

Meisn.: 5:05 26

hystriculum, Schuste

lanigerum, & Br. .

lapathifolium

var. maculatum,

Dyer § Trim. .

var. nodosum,

Hook# fic 90%

lapathifolium, Bolus &

Wolley-Dod .

limogenes, Vatke .

macrochzxton, Fresen.

maritimum, Linn .

meisnerianum, Cham.

¢ BOhE, eas

nodosum, Pers. . .«

pedunculare, Wall. .

plebeium, R. Br...

punctatum

var. alatum, Meisn.

quadrifidum, Meisn. .

refractum, Mart.

Rowburghii

var. longifolium,

Meisn, . .

salicifolium, Del...

scabrum, Hiern .

senegalense, Meisn. .

serrulatum, Lag. .

setulosum, A. Rich. .

strictum, Meisn. .

strigosum, &. Bre.

tomentosum, Willd. .

var. denudatum,

Meisn. . . -

var. limogenes,

Hiern: =. ys

var. sericeo-veluti-

num, Meisn. .

var. strigillosum,

Meisn. | yo. '*

undulatum, Berg. .

Prasium

hirsutum, Poir. .

Priva, Adams. , . .

abyssinica, Jaub. & Sp.

dentata, Juss. . .

Forskaolii, E. Mey. .

leptostachya, Juss. .

~ 8

738 INDEX.

e | Page | Page

Priva (cun.) | PROTEA (con.) : PROTEA (con,) 1:

~ Meyeri, Jaub. & Sp. . 207 | caffra, Meisn. . . 585 crassifolia, Poir. . . 543

Prorea, Linn. . . 552! callosa, Wendl. 550 criniflora, Linn. f. 630

‘ibietina, Buck .. - 608| calocephala, Meisn. . 573 | - crinita, Thunb. |.” .) 680

- abietina, Lichtenst. . 691 calycina, Schnev. 578 | cristata, Lam. . 566

_ abietina, Poir. .. . 526 canaliculata, Haw. . 591 eryophila, Bolus 596, 722

abrotanifolia, Andr. . 680 | canaliculata, Herb. cucullata, Linn, . 645

var. hirta, Andr. . | 676 Linn. eidis sland 509 var. B, Lam. . . 646

yar. minor, Andr.. 671)| candicans, Andr.. |. 628 curvata, N.£. Br... 580

var. odorata, Andr. 680) candicans, Thunb, . 718 | cyancides, Linn. . 678

abyssinica, Willd. 581,722 capitata, Poir, . . 714} cyanoides, Thunb. 670, 685

-weaulis, Thunb. . 602| capitulata, Poir. . 644 cynaroides, Linn. 595, 722

var. a, Drége . . 602) carinata, Hort. 609 var. elliptica,

"var. arenaria, carlescens, E. Mey. 585 Klotzsch . « 596

Meisn. ..: =. .602| carnosa, Hort. . . 609 var. glabrata,

acerosa, R. Br... 607 | caudata, Thunb. 699, 700 Meisn... ... 596

- var. virgata, Meisn. 608| caulescens, E. Mey. . 587 var. obtusifolia,

acrocarpa, Poir. . « 674| cedromontana, Meisn. . +

acuifolia, Salish... 595 Schlechter. . . 592| cygnea,Poir.... -

acuminata, Sims. . 609)| cerifera, Hort. 609 | daphnoides, Thunb. .

, Lam. 663 | chamelea, Lam. . 541 | declinata, Hortf.. -

emula, Poir.. . 534,679 | —chionantha, Bolus 597 | decora, Salisb. «+

Aitonii, Poir, . . 672! ciliaris, Hort. 609 | decumbens, Andr. +

alba, Thanb... . . 520] ciliaris, Hort. . . 550 decumbens, Willd. «

alopecuroid:s, Lam. . 713 | ciljata, Breit. . « 609 decumbens, Thunb. .«

amplexicaulis, &. Br. 608) ciliata, Breit. . + 550 | decurrens, Paillips .

‘ angustata, R. Br. . 604) ciliata, Desf. . ~ a49 divaricata, Linn...

~-angustata, Drege. . 603 ciliata, Poir. . «+ 671 divaricata, Willd... «

angustifolia, Salisb. . 593 cinerea, Ait... .. 520, 636 diversifolia, Poir. +

arborea, Lint ” 609| cinerea, Willd. . 525,530 | diversifolia, Willd. -

. drborescens, Hort. . 609| cneorifolia, Salisb. . 507 Doddii, Phillips . +

* arcuata, . . 519, 545)| coaretata, Thunb. . 679 dodoneifolia, Buek «

var. 8B, Lam. . «| 547 coccinea, R. Br. . 561 Dykei, Phillips. -

arenaria, Buek . . 602| comigera, Stapf. . 565 echinulata, Meisn. -

arenaria, Puir. . . 668) comosa,Thunb. . . 534 var, minor, Phillips

, compacta, R. Br. . 570 effusa, E. Mey. - +

var. 8, Linn. . 518, 538 compar, Poir. . 663 elevata, Poir. - *

argentiflora, Andy. . 632) concava, Lam. . . 718 | elliptica, Thunb... +

aspera, Phillips . . 598) conchiformis,O. Kze 720 | elongata, R. Br... +

-asplenifolia, Link . 609! concinna, Poir. . 540 | erecta, Thunb. . +

attenuata, Poir. . 619 | concinna, Salish... . 518 ericefolia, Willd. -

aulacea, Thunb... 507) concolor, Hort. 609 ericifolia, Poir, «+

' aulax, Hibbert . 599| congesta, Poir. . . 671 ericoides, Schult. +

auriculata,Tausch . 5>9| conica,Lam.. . . 536 eriocephala, R. & S.

australis, Poir. . . 701| conifera, Audr. . ..) 536 | er0sa, Licht. 2080

Banksii, Klotzsch. 584) conifera, Linn. « 538 erosa, Willd. .- + +

barbata, Lam. .. . 562 var. a, Lion. . . 519 flagellaris, Poir. 6:28

- -barbigera, Meisn. 563,721 | — conifera, Thunb. Flanaganii, Phillips «

Baurii, Phillips...» 586 518, 536, 538 | —flavescens, ld. +

Bolusii, Phillips . 586 | conocarpa, Thunb. florida, Thunb. - +

bracteata, Thunb. . 507 617, 619, 621, 624 | faniculacea, Poir. |

bracteolaris, Poir.’ . 690| convexa, Phillips 584, 722 foliis lanceolatis, eter

brassicefolia, Hort... 609 cordata, Thunb. . . 608 Royens. - + °

Brownei, Poir. . . 670| cordifolia, Sims . . 608 | foliis setaceis, etC-y

bruniades, Linn. f. 527 coriacea, Buek 585 Lint.) 6 ee

brunivfolia, Knight » 527) coriacea, Willd. . 547 |. formosa, Andr.

buekiana, Meisn. . 584 coronata, Andr. . 570 ‘ormosa, R. Br.

Burchellii, Stapf 603 | coronata, Curt. . . 599 fulva, Zausch

buxifolia, Poir. . 634 coronata, Lam. . 574 usca, Linn. « .

cespitosa, Andr.. . 601 corymbosa, Thunb. 527 fusciflora, Jacq. *

INDEX. 739

Page

PROTEA (con.) PROTEA (con.) pena: PROTEA (con.) a

Gaguedi,Gmel. . . 582] incompta, R. Br. . 564] lorea, R Bre . . 598

glaberrima, Poir. . 668 var. Susanne, lorea, Drege . . 602

glabra, Thunb. . . 583 Phillips . . : 564 macrocephala, Thunb. 564

glauca, Bross. . . 610} incurva,Andr. . . 534) macrophylla, R, Br.

glauca, Buek =. gS 567 incurva, Thunb, . . 697 571, 721

var. d, Drige . . 566] inflexa, Willd. . . 551 var. dregeana,

glaucophylla, Salish. 603} involucrata, Lichtenst. 550 Melenici.) sue cOF1

Globularia, Lam . 531] imvolucrata, Willd. . 538 var. zeyheriana,

globularixfolia, lacticolor, Salish. 578, 721 Meisni i 6's 1

Kaight 2-5) 624 var, angusta, macrophylla, Buek , 563

glomerata, Andry. . 675 Phillips. . . 579| magnifica, Link. . 570

glomerata, Linn... . 667 var. orientalis, magnolizxfolia, Buek 587

enivate, Thib.. -. 680 Phillips. . . 579| .marginata, Thunb... 563

glomerata, Thunb. . 661 levis, R. Br. . . 604| marginata, Willd. . 546

glomerata, Willd. 662,671 | Javis, Thunb. . . 530| Marlothii, Phillips . 590

glutinosa, Knight . 551| lagopus, Andr.. . 715| Massoni, Poir. . . 648

graminea, Hort.. . 610 Lagopus, Thunb. . 716| media, Poir,. . . 621

grandiceps, Tratt, . 581 lanata, Thunb, . .. 705| melaleuca,R. Br. . 566

peatiiee, Thunb. lanceolata, DC. . . 507|~ mellifera, Thunb. 576, 721

520, 722| Janceolata, Hort. . 610| — var.albiflora, Andr, 576

var. angustifolia, lanceolata, E. Mey... 589) micrantha, Hort. . 610

Drége . 584|° danuginosa, K. Sch. . 574} ‘mollis, Klotzsch . . 630

| Ret. 80h 580| latifolia, R. Br. . 569]. montana, Z. Mey. . 605

. var. foliis undulatis, var. auriculata, -— mucronata, Hort. . 593

2 Andrei! v 565 Phillips. . . 569] mucronata, Nois. . 610

| var. rea Bot. Laureola, Lam... . 546| mucronifolia, Salisb. 592

| Mag. ... « 580] Jaurifolia, Buek . . 580 var. Brownii, :

) grandis, Hort. . . 610 lana, Poiteise 8). os 692 . Mein. . . . 592.

Harmeri, Phillips . 593| lenta,Salisb.. . . 546 var, Gieinzii,

helvola, Lichtenst. .. 681 | Lepidocarpodendron, Mein: a) sew «B98

helvola, Willd. «9661 Tiatccs’ i $86, 721 ap ena ay a

| heterophylia, genet var. B, Linn. . . 562 hillips . . 5

| " 6, 635 var. villosa, multifida, Nois.. . 610

) Hibbertii, Poir. . . 647 Phillips. . .566| Mundii, Klotzsch 579, 721

| . > hirsuta, Linn.. . . 675) lepidocarpon, R. Br., 566 mutica, Poir, . . 543

hirsutv, Thunb. . . 533| lepidocarpon, Sims . 566) myrtifolia, Thunb. . 653

leucantha, Hort. . 610) nana,Lam. . .. .. 802

levisana, Linn. . . 530) nana,Thunb. .. 595

levisana, Thunb.. . 533| natalensis, Phillips. 586

ligulefolia, Sweet . 575) neriifolia, R. Br. 566, 721

linearis, Houtt. . . 549 var. glauca, Meisn. 567

linearis, Thunb... . 622| nigra, Regel . . . 610

linguiformis, Wort. .. 610} nigrita,DC, . .. 566

linifolix, Jacq. . . 527| nitens, Thunb. . . 645

longiflora, Lam.. . 577| nivea, Poirsus 690

' humilis, Meisn. . . 607 var. latifolia, |) Néveni,.Poir. . « . 877

hypophylla, Thunb. . 626 Klotzsch. . .. 577| . nutans, Poir,, . +. 615

var. angustifolia, var. Mundii, Link . 579| | obliqua, Wort... 577

Klotzsch . .°.626| — var, ovalis, Phillips 577 var. a, Poir. . + 545

var. latifola, longifolia, Andr.. . 574)| obliqua,Thunb. . . 519

Klotzsch . . 626 var. cono scamnagase obligua, Willd. .. . 538

Hypophyllocarpoden- Andr. ss 575! obtusa, Knight .. . 561

qin 26 4 O26 var. ferruginoso- | obtusata, Thunb... 637

ignota, Phillips. - 575 purpurea, Andr. 576 obtusifolia, Buek . 571

imberbis, Poir, . . 702 var. minor, Phillips .575| ochroleuca,Smith . +79

imbricata, Poir. bo 580 longifolia, R. Br. 575, 576 odorata, Thunb. . . 592

imbricata, Thunb, . 704| longifolia, Ker-Gawl. 575 var. Gueinzii,

incana, Hort. . . 610! longifolia, Salisb. . 605 Stapf.) sw 41,603

' 3B 2

740

PROTEA (con.)

odoratissima, Masson 593.

ovalis, Buek . . «579

ovata, Thunb. 577

pallens, Lim, =.) «538

pallens, Thunb. . 538, 541

pallida, Salish. . . 538

parviflora, Linn,, . 519

passerina, Desf. . . 610

passerina, Hort. . 525

patens, R. Bro . «568

patula, Thunb. 663

pauciflora, Poir, . . 648

pedunculata, Lam. 675

peduneulata, Poir. 691

Pegleri, Phillips. . 586

pendula, R. Br. . 590

penicillata, E. Mey, . 579

petiolata, Buek 596

phylicoides, Thunb, 675, 677

phylicoides, Willd. 668. 671

Pinaster, Hort. . 610

pinastrifolia, ort. . 610

pinifolia, Linn. . . 507

pinnata, Andr. . . 669

pityphylla, Phillips. 594

plumigera, Thunb. . 670

plumosa, Ait. . . 519

polygaloides, Willd.

530, 552

polysperma, Poir, . 534

polystachya, Poir, , 694

procumbens, Linn, f., 660

_ prolifera, Thunb. . 695

. prostrata, Thunb. . 636

pubera, Linn, , . 635

pubera, Thunb. . 684, 651°

pulchella, Andr. 567, 721

var. speciosa, Andr, 567

pulchella, Bot. Reg. . 567

punctata, Meisn, 585

purpurea, Linn... 654

pyramidalis, Poir, . 694

pyramidalis, Thunb... 541

pyrifolia, Buek . 584

racemosa, Linn. , 691, 692

radiata, Andr. . , 569

Radula, Hort. . . 610

radulifolia, Donn 610

rangiferina, Hort. , 561

recondita, Bue! . 584

reflexa, Hort. . . 610

repens, Audr. . , 609

repens, Linn. . « 576

repens, Thunb. . . 599

retroflexa,

F, G. Diet. «4° 610

retusa, Polity.) 4 45 B45

revoluta, R. Br... 605, 723

revoluta, Buek , . 602

INDEX.

Page

PROTEA (con.)

rhodantha, Hook. f. .

rosacea, Linn. . .

Rouppellize, Meisn. .

Roxburgii, Poir. .

rugosa, Thunb. . .

rupicola, Mund . .

saligna, Audr,

saligna, Linn, :

saligna, Thunb. .

salsoloides, Poir. .

salsaloides, Thunb.

scabra, PR, Br.

var. stenophylia,

Meisn.

scabra, Poir..

scabrida, Thunb. .

scabriuscula, Phillips

Sceptrum, Thunb.

var. gustavianum,

Sparrms .s0%

scolopendrina, Ind.

Rew as 25 airy

Scolopendrium,

Be BO 9 9

scolymocephala,

Reichard .

Scolymus, Thunb, .

ia, Poir. ‘

sericea, Thunb. .

. 593,

sericifolia, Poir. .

Serraria, Linn. .

var. 1, Thunb.

serraroides, Soland. .

setacea, Hort. . .

simplex, Phillips 588,

simplicifolia, Poir. .

spathulata, Poir. =.

spathulata, Thunb. 710,

spatulefolia, Knight

speciosa, Andr. 2.

speciosa, Drége . .

speciosa, Ker-Gawl. .

var, latifolia, Andr.

speciosa, Linn. . .

var. angustata,

Meisn. . . .

var.. foliis glabris.

ANGE. Be.

var, nigra, Andr. .

var. obovata, Meisn.

var. patens, Andr.

var, rosea, Wendl.

var. undulata,

Phillips.

speciosa, Thunb...

spectabilis, Lichtenst.

spectabilis, Willd. .

spherocephala, Houtt.

sphexrocephala, Poir, ,

585

595

573

682

549

583

518

519

518

706

654

601

602

527

566

597

715

713

597

722

593

683

524

689

666

664

675

610

722

670

638

712

533

571

563

561

562

567

566

562

569

567

568

566

569

570

675

679

Page

PROTEA (con.)

spherocephata,

Thunb, . 667

spicata, Linn. 716

spicata, Thunb. . 718.

spiralis, Hort. 610

squarrosa, Knight 528

squarrosa, Poir. . 680

staticefolia, Hort. . 619

stellaris, Sims. 528

Stilbe, Poir. . 676

stricta, Don . 538

strobilina, Don 547

strobilina, Linn, , . 545

strobilina, Thunb. 545

Strobus, Meisn. 599

‘subacaulis, Hort . 610

subvestita, NV, 2. Br. 578

sulphurea, Phillips . 591

Susanne, Phillips 572

tenax, R. Br. . 587, 722

var. latifolia,

Meisn. . 587

tenella, Hort. . 610

tenera, Hort.. 610

tenuifolia, 2. Br. 601, 723

tenuifolia, Poir, . . 706

tenuifolia, Salisb. 533

tenuifolia, Thunb. 528

teretifolia, Andr. . 526

Thunbergii, Steud. . 528

thymelxoides, Poir. . 651

thyoides, Sm... . 527

thyrsoides, Lam.. + 661

tomentosa, Salisb. 621

tomentosa, Thunb. 627, 623

torta, Jacq. . « + 525 -

torta, Thunb, . + 528

tortuosa, Salish... 617

transvaalensis, Phillips 587

triandra, Schlechter . 572

tridentata, Hort. . ei

trigona, Phillips

villosa, Jacq.

villosa, Lam. ,

triternata, Kenn, . 676

triternata, Thib.. . 682

triternata, Thunb. . 662

truncata, Thunb, . 532

turbiniflora, R. Br. . 600

uliginosa, Hort.. + 610

umbellata, Thunb. - 507

umbonalis, Sweet - 575

undulata, Phillips. 587

venosa, Thanb, +. 546

cenulosa, Steud. . + 546

verticillata, Thunb, . 524

vidua,Gawl.. «+ 574

villifera, Lindl. . 561

villosa, Hort. « * moe

PROTEA (con.)

villosa, Poir.. 20s

villosa, Willd. .

villosiuscula, Herb.

Banks. ° 43s

virgata, Andy. . .

virgata, Por... 4t = 3

viscosa, Hort. . .

witzenbergiana,

Phillips. ae.

Woodwardii, Endl,

Zeyheri, Phillips.

PROTEACEE .

Pseuderanthemum

dichotomum, Lindau .

Pseudobarleria

hirsuta,T. And...

Pseudodictamnus

africanus, etec.,

Commel. . . .

emarginatus, Moench

PsrLorRicHuM, Blume

africanum, Oliv. .

densiflorum, Lopr.

Pupal

lappacea, Hiern .

PUPALIA, Juss... 2

Alopecurus, Fenzl

atropurpurea, Jfoq. .

holosericea, Fenz) .

lappacea, Juss. . .

natalensis, Sond. .

remotifiora, Moq. .

styracifolia, Juss. .

subfusca, Moq. 2.

Pupai- Valli, Rheede .

Pyconosracuys, Hook. .

holophylla, Brig...

purpurascens, Brig. .

reticulata, Benth. .

var. angustifolia,

Benth. th

Schlechteri, Briq.

urticifolia, Hook, .

Ramusia

nyclaginea, E. Mey. ’.

tridentata, Nees...

Rhaphidospora

Campylostemon,

Dindawr 0 eos

RHINACANTHUS, Nees .

communis, Nees .

macilentus, Pres].

nasutus, Lindau .

oblonqus, Nees

tubulosus, Pres! . .

Rhytoglossa

ciliata, Nees. ws

echloniana, Nees .

glandulifera, Presl

Page

624

634

624

608

531

610

596

605

502

INDEX.

Page

RHINACANTHUS (con.)

glandulosa, Hochst. . 82

origanoides, Nees 82

ovata, Nees ea eeel

prolixa, Nees 81, 82

rubicunda, Hochst. 67

RouBrEVA, Mog. 440

multifida, Mog. . 440

RuewwtaA, Linn, . Il

aristata, Thunb. . 15

Baurii, C. Be Ook: oy 218

biloba, Hochst. 42

ciliaris, Pers. . 14

cirsioides, Nees 38

cordata, Thunb. . 14

depressa, Linn. Sel6

Huttoni,T. And. . 12

malocophylla, C.B.Cl = 14

nana, Nees . . . 38

ovata, Thunb. . 14

ovata, Zeyh. . 53

patula, Jacy. . 12

pilosa, T. And. . 12

pilosa, Linn; f° 14

pubescens, Pers. . 14

setigera, Zeyh, . . 73

stenophylla, C. B.C = 14

thymifolia, Vahl. . 18

Woodii, C7. B. Cl. =. 18

Zeyheri, T, And. . 18

RuE..iopsis, C. B. Cl. 15

setosa, C. B.Ci.. 9. 15

Rumex, Linn. . . 472

Acetosa, Linn, . . 475

Acetosella, Linn, 475

aquaticus, Linn. 477

Burchellii, Campd. 475

conglomeratus, Murr. 480

cordatus, Desf. . 476

erispus, Linn. 478

dregeanus, Meisn, . 478

Dregei, Meisn. - 478

ecklonianus, Meisn. . 477

fickionii, Meisn.. . 477

fimbriatus, Poir, . 474

garipensis, Meisn, . 474

var. elatus, Meisn, 474

var. humilis, Meisu. 474

hamulosus, E. Mey. . 473

Hy¢rolapathum,

Mite ene an

lanceolatus, Thunb. . 480

lativalvis,

var. acetosoides,

Mime 48

var. decipiens,

Memeo. ie, £8

linearis, Campd.. . 479

var. affinis, Meisn, 479

linearis, Meisn. . . 479

RUMEX (con.)

lucurians, Linn. f. .

maritimus, E. Mey. .

Meyeri, Meisn. . .

meyerianus, Meisn, .

Nemolapathum, Ehrh.

nepalensis, Spreng. .

obtusifolius, T. Thoms,

Var. Olivi e268

var. Steudelti,

Hook.f...

pulcher, Zinn. . .

ramulosus, E. Mey. .

sagittatus, Thunb.

var, angustilobus,

Meta 08

var. cordifolius,

Meisn. .

var. latilobus,

Mest, 77.0 6

var. megalotys,

Meisn. . .

sanguineus, Linn. .

sarcorhizus, Link .

spathulatus, Thunb.

spinosus, Thunb...

steudelianus,

var. cordifolius,

Meisps! 20's

Steudelii, Hochst.

var. cordifolius,

A. Rich.

tuberosus, Thunb.

Woodii, V. £. Bre.

Rurrra, Harve 3°:

ovata, Hare. 6

SaLicorNiA, Linn...

fruticosa, Linn. . .

var. capensis, Ung.

var, densiflora, Ung.

var. paardenei-

landica, Ung. .

herbacea, Linn. .

var. procumbens,

Drtge

indica, Drtge . .

indica, Eckl. & Zeyh.

natalensis, Bunge.

SausoLa, Linn... . .

aphylla, Hiern . .

aphylla, Zinn. jf. .

bullata, Fenzl.

Calluna, Drege .

candida, Fenzi .

di iff Usa, Thunb, .

feetida, Del. .

fruticosa, Drege...

geminiflora, Fenzl

sativa, Zeyh... .

tuberculata, Menz/

oB Ss

742 INDEX.

Page Page Page

SALSOLA (con.) SALVIA (con.) SALVIA (con.)

Zeyheri, Schinz . . 452| marginata, Benth. . 324/ xerobia, Brig.) 0 OT

Savi, Linn, . . . 307) minor, etc. Breyne . 317 | Satureia

acetabulosa, Linn. . 307| monticola, Benth. . 329| bdiflora, Briq.. « + 306

Aithiopis, Linn, . «307 var. angustiloba, Sehizotheca

africana, Linn. . . 315 Skan . . . 830| Halimus, Fourr.. . 445

africana cerulea, monticola, Benth. . 330|ScLERANTHUS, Linn. . 401

Linn, . . . « 315| namaensis, Schinz . 325| annuus, Linn, . . 402

africana frutescens, natalensis, Briq. & ScLEROCHITON, Harv. . 36

Comm. . . . 315 Schinz. . . . 329| harveyanus, Nees . 36

africana fruticans, nitida, Drage . . 314 | Scolymocephalus

Comm. . 313| nivea, Thunb. . . 314) acaulon, Weinm.. . 602

africana lutea, Linn. 313} obtusata, Thunb. . 324| africanus argenteus,

albicaulis, Benth. . 317} pallidifolia, Shan . 323 Weinm. «sire it

var. dregeana, Skan 317| paniculata, Linn. . 316| africanus folio crasso

angustifolia, Salisb. . 316) patens,Cav.. . . 308 Boerh. sk eee

aurea, Linn.. . . 313| Peglere, Skan . . 331| africanus folio, ete,

aurita, Benth. . . 321| pratensis, Linn. | . 307; | Weinm. . . . 517

aurita, Linn. f. . . 322| pseudococcinea, Jacq. 308| foliis angustis, ete.

barbata, Lam. . . 315| Radula, Benth. . . 318 Weinm. . . - 593

Burchellii, V. E. Br. 325| raphanifolia, Benth.. 330| africanus foliis longis,

var. hispidula, repens, Burch. . . 328 Weinm. . . 562, 566

Skan . . . 826| rigida, Thunb. . . 316| africanus foliisvillosis,

caule frvticosa, Ard.. 319| rotundifolia, Salisb, . 315 Weinm. . + =

Chameleeagnea, Berg. 317| rudis, Benth. . . 331| foliis oblonjis, ete. :

Chameleagnus, rugosa, Thunb. , . 318 Weinm, . . - 581

Burm.f. . . . 817| runcinata, Linn. f. . 327| folii saligno, Weinm:

clandestina, var. crispa, Benth. 326 564, 576

var, angustifolia, var. grandiflora, foliis tridus, elem

Beatin o56 B19 She 8 SS ao ye BOT Weinm. . . + 646

cleistogama, De Bary 320 var. major, Benth. 327| folio angusto, Weinm. 626

coccinea, Juss. . . 308 var. nana, Shan . 327| lanuginosus, O. Kze .

var. pseudococcinea, scabra, Linn. f. . . 821| melatencus, O. Kze . 566

Gray . . . 308] scabra, Benth. mellifer, 0. Kze . + 370

colorata, Linn. . . 313 323, 326, 327| minor, Weinm. . - yoke

colorata, Vahl . . 315 var, angustifolia, seu Conocarpodendron,

controversa, Ten, . 320 Benth, . . . 827 Weinm, . - + 538

Cooperi, Skan . . 332| Schenokii, Brig. . . 33%|SELAGINEE . . 9

Benth. . . 816] Sclarea, Linn. . . 307|SeLaco, Linn. . + + 1 .

dentata, Ait, . 315| sisymbrifolia, Skan . 328) abietina, Burm. be vs

Dinteri, Brig. . . 312| Steingreveri, Brig.. 312) adpressa, Choisy. - oa :

_ disermas, Linn. . . 319| stenophylla, Burch... 326| aggregata, Beige 5 20

diversifolia, Benth. . 314 var. subintegra, albanensis, Schlechter 9

dregeana, Benth. .. 317 Shan, ~s « 826) -albida, Choity «> 145

eekloniana, Benth. . 313) — subsessilis, Benth. 329, 332 alopecuroides, Rolfe «

Jolite cbloago-woatie, . subepativkats, Lehm. 315 evita ers ere tT

MMe 8 ee watica, E, Mey, . 322| angorensis, Se ;

foliis subrotundis, soinaninn Siren, . 822] angustifolia, Thunb. - sat :

Mil... . 815] tenuifolia, Burch. | 324| apiculata, E. Mey. - 155

Galpinii, Skan . . 321] triangularis, Benth... 323| appressa, Drege » + 45

gariepensis, Benth. . 312| triangularis, Thunb. 323| appressa, E.Mey. + Jh5

garipensis, Z. Mey.. 311| ‘Tysonii, Stan . . 320) arguta, K Mey.» + Tos

graciliflora, Avé-Lall, 821| undulata, Benth, . 316| articulata, Thunb. 167

granitica, Hochst. . 333) Verbenaca ascendens, Z. Mey. « ie

hastefolia, Benth, . 314 var. angustifolia, aspera, Choisy > * 156

incisa, Benth, . . 329 Pugsl. . . . 320| Atherstonei, —* 137

integerrima, Mill. , 315 var. controversa, Barbula, Harv. - + 445,

lanceolata, Lam.. . 314 Briq....... -« 820] Bolus, Rolfe «= tay

lanuginosa, Burm. f. 333] verticillata, Linn. . 307) — bracteata, Thunb one.

lasiostachys, Benth, , 324| Woodii, Giirke . , 332 brevifolia, Rolfe. +

SELAGO (con.)

Burchellii, Rolfe.

Burkei, Rolfe . .

Burmanni, Choisy .

A OTE es

capitellata, Schlechter

capituliflora, Rolfe .

cephalophora, E. Mey.

cephalophora, Thunb.

choisiana, E. Mey. .

decipiens, E. Mey.

ee ee ee

var. hirta, E, Mey.

ferruginea, Rolfe .

Flanaganii, Holfe .

foliosa, Rolfe . .

6 $8 Bie Ss 2a ee Se eee 8S

INDEX.

SELAGO (con.) oe

Forbesii, Rolfe . . 139

fruticosa, Choisy . 126

fruticosa, Linn. . 168

fruticosa, Thunb. 123, 145

fruticulosa, Rolfe . 169

fulvomaculata, Link . 166

Galpinii, Schlechter 137

geniculata, Linn, f. . 128

geniculata, Choisy, 126, 141

var. B,Choisy. . 126

Gillii, Hook... =. . 120

glabrata, Choisy . 141

var. B, Choisy 141

var., Choisy . 126

glandulosa, Choisy . 149

glomerata, E. Mey. . 149

glomerata, Thunb, . 150

glutinosa, E. Mey. . 172

guttata, . Mey. . 166

hamulosa, 2. Mey. . 162

herbacea, Choisy 160

hermannioides,

ef hee 142

heterophylla, Z. Mey. 160

heterophylla, Thunb.

160, 166

hirta, Choisy - 162 165

hirta, Linn. f. . 162

hispida, Choisy . . 155

var. nana, Choisy . 155

hispida, Linn. f.. . 173

hispida, Sieb. . . 112

Holubii, Rolfe 138

humilis, Rolfe . . 168

hyssopifolia, E. Mey. 153

"ar. lanceolata, |

Hochst... . 153

incisa, Hochst. . . 167

lacunosa, Klotzsch . 117

lamprocarpa,

° 170

var. major,

Schlechter . . 170

lanceolata, Choisy . 164

_daxiflora, Choisy. . 141

lepidioides, Rolfe . 157

eg sgn kh Maye 128

ge ee aT

Ahoearifl i Hage i iM

—— Os ce AMO]

ife . ac eeeT

lobeliacea, Sonat. Hee |

longiflora, Rolfe . 159

longipedicellata, Rolfe 159

longituba, Rolfe. . 151

lucida, Vent.. . . 175

luxurians, Choisy 149

4 Soom Rol

poeta ie

inutissima, Choisy

pr wa sous

Evans .

Morrisii, Rolfe .

Muddii, Rolfe .

Mandii,

muralis, Bth. & Hk.

myrtifolia, Reichb.

Nachtigali, Rolfe

PP pheeLar

Paarens ce M.S. .

rm, List. (...>

pinea, eule

pinea, E. ey. his

pinguicula, £. Mey. .

tae Linn. f.

polystachya, Linn.

Linn,

pulchella, Salisb. .

punctata, Rolfe .

purpurea, Cols.

®'

Se ee ee

Rehmanni, Rolfe .

rigida, Rolfe. . .

robusta, Rolfe . .

rotundifolia, Linn. f.

Rustii, Rolfe . ,

744 INDEX.

Page Page Page

SELAGO (con.) SERICOREMA (con.) SERRURIA (con.)

Sandersoni, Rolfe . 136 remotiflora, Lopr. . 412| cyanea, E. Mey... 681

Saundersix, Rolfe . 144| Serraria cyanoides, R, Br. « 677

saxatilis, E. Mey. . 127 foliis tenuissime, etc., cyanoives, R.Br... - 685

scabrida, Thunb.. . 148 Burm.. . . 666,667| cygnea, #. Br. . - 681

Schlechteri, Rolfe . 139) Serraria decipiens, R. Br.. - 663

serrata, Berg. . . 164 var, subsericed, decumbens, R. Br. . 659

setulosa, Rolfe . .

sp., Drége 121, 125, 150, 169 | SeRRURIA, Galisb, . . 654| diffusa, R. Br.

speciosa, Ruife . . 144 abrotanifolia, Knight 676| Dodii, Phill. & Hutch. 671

spicata, Hochst... . 166) acrocarpa, R. Br. . 673| Dregei,Meisn. « - 683

150 Ow. 6 665 del phiniifolia, Knight 684

. 669

spicata, Link. . . 176 adscendens, R. Br. . 662) elevata, R. Br. sv 681

spinea, Link. . . 172 var. decipiens, elongata, R. Br. - 660

spuria, Zinn. . . 165 Hutchinson. . 663| elongata, Dredge . - 661

spuria,Linn.. . . 160 adscendens, Drege . 674 elumbis, Knight. . 684

spuria, odd, . . 174 emula, R. Br. 679| emarginata, Sweet . 671

squarrosa, Choisy . 104 var. heterophylla, erecta, Meisn. 75

stricta, Berg. . . 154 Hutchinson. . 679 eriocephala, Steud. . 680

stricta, Choisy . . 142 Aitonii, R. Br. . . 672 fallax, Knight . . 684

stricta, Hochst. . . 142 var. multifila, fasciflora, Knight 664, 666

tenuis, E. Mey. . . 147 sin. . - . 672| flagellaris, R. Br. . 660

Mei

tephrodes,Drége. . 141| Andrewsii, Endl.. . 676| flagellifolia, Anight 667

tephrodes, E. Mey. . 142| anemonefolia, Knight 683| flava, 2. Mey. 673

tephrodes, E. Mey. 142, 155| anethifolia, Knight . 661| florida, Knight . . 678

teretifolia, Link. . 166| arenaria, R.Br. . . 668 var., E. Mey. . . 879

teretifolia, Walp. . 174| arenaria, Knight . 671 feniculacea, R. Br. . 680

teucriifolia, Burm. f. 174| argentiflora, Buek . 662| faniculacea, Sieb. 666, 667

Thomii, Rolfe . . 171 argentifolia, Phill. § foliosa, Knight . +

Thunbergii, Choisy . 140 Hutch... . .» 672| frondosa, Knight

transvaalensis, Rolfe 153| artemisiefolia, Knight 674 fucifolia, Knight .

trinervia, E. Mey. . 158| barbigera, Knight . 680| _furcellata, R. Br.

triquetra, Linn. f. . 170| Bergii, 2. Br. . . 683| furcellata, k. Mey. -

triquetra, E. Mey. . 169) _ biglandulosa, glaberrima, R. Br.

Tysoni, Rolfe . . 158 Schlechter. . » 665 var. pinnata, Meisn.

verbenacea, Linn. f.. 163 Bolusii, PAill. § Hutch. 662 glomerata, 2. BE

villicalyx, Rolfe. . 135) brevifolix, Phill. § glomerata, Meisu. -

villicaulis, Rolfe . 140 Hutch. . . » -672| gracilis, Knight. -

villosa, Rolfe . . 156| Browne’, Meisn.. . 676| gremiiflora, Knight .

Walpersii, Choisy . 174) Burmanni, R. Br. . 665| helvola, Steud. . -

Wilmsii, Rolfe . . 151 var. 8, R. Br.. . 664 heterophylla, Meisn. «

witbergensis, E. Mey. 123 var, subsericea, hirsuta, Berg. + *

Woodii, Rolfe . . 155 Mies fo. OA Ries, Be

Zeyheri, Choisy . . 121 vars., E. Mey.. + 664 hirsuta, Buek

Zeyheri, Rolfe . . 147 var. vulgaris, Meisn. 666| hyemalis, Knight

Sertcocoma, Fenzl . 416) callosa, Knight . . 682 incrassata, Buek—-

angustifolia, Hook. f. 416) candicans, R. Br. . 666| Knightii, Hutchinson

avolans, Fenzl . . 417| candicans,Drége . 664 Kraussii, Meisn.. +

Bainesii, Hook.f. . 413| chlamidiflora, Knight 684 Leipoldtii, Phill. ¥

capensis, Moq. . . 417 ciliata, R. Br. . . 670 coke ee

capitata, > re ae var. congesta, linearis, Knight .

Chrysurus, Meisn. . 415 Hutchinson. . 671| -longipes, Phill. g

pungens, Fenzl . . 417 collina, Knight . . 684 utch. =» .

var. longearistata, colorata, Buek . . 683 meisneriana,

Schinz . . . 417'| colorata, Zeyh. . - 681 Schlechter. + °

remotiflora, Hook. f.. 412] commutata, Endl... 676 millefolia, Knight -

trichinioides, Fenzl . 415} compar,R. Br. . - 663, montana, Knight -

Zeyheri, Engl. . . 417| compar, Meisn, . . 664| multifida, E. Mey. -

Sericocomopsis, Schinz . 413| concinna, Knight . 684 nervosa, Meisn. . <

Bainesii, Schinz. . 413] congesta,R. Bre. - 671| nitida, R. Bre -

SeRicoreMa, Lopr. . 412! crithmifolia, Knight . 661| Niveni, Meisn. + -

SERRURIA (con.)

odorata, Sweet . .

parilis, Knight

pauciflora, Phill. §

Butoh: asthe

peduncularis, Knight

pedunculata, R. Br. .

phylicoides, R. Br.

pinnata, 2. Br...

var. longifolia,

Meisn. .° 3. 4

pinnata, R. Br. .

plumosa, Meisne .

pulchella, Knight

quinguemestris,

Knignt. ceo ta

rangiferina, Knight .

rostellaris, Knight .

Roxburghii, &. Br. .

Page

680

664

675

680

668

669

677

685

677

682

rubricaulis, R. Br. 663, 667

saxicola, Buek

scariosa, R. Br...

scariosa, Drége .

scoparia, R. Br...

simplicifolia, #, Br..

spherocephata, Steud,

squarrosa, R. Bre.

Stilbe,R. Brew 5s

subcorymbosa, Meisn,

subsericea,

Hutchinson . .

subumbellata, Buek .

subumbellata, E. Mey.

Thunbergii, Endl, .

tomentosa, Meisn. .

tridentata, D, Dietr. .

trilopha, Knight. .

triplicato-ternata,

“Hy & Ss. . . .

triternata,

var., Drége . .

vallaris, Knight. .

ventricosa, Phill, §

Hutch. . . .

vestita, Buek. .

villosa, R. Bre ss

zanthophylla, Knight

Zeyheri, Meisn. .

erecta, etc., Pluk. ;

Siphonanthus

glabra, Hiern.

var. vaga . . .

SIPHONOGLOSSA, Oerst.

linifolia, C. B. Ch.

Nummularia,

S, Moore , » *

674

679

670

683

670

675

680

676

679

664

681 | °

672

676

672

662

668

676

661

676

675

681

677

INDEX.

SIPHONOGLOSSA (con.)

tubulosa, Lindau

Soranthe

ciliciiflora, Knight

clavigera, Knight .

diversifolia, O. Kze .

glanduligera, Knight

imberbis,O.Kze . .

imbricata,O.Kze .

lanata,O. Kze .

montana, Knight

phylicoides, O. Kze

pinifolia, Knight .

rupestris, Knight

salsoluvides, O. Kze

scabrida, O. Kze .

setacea,O. Kze .

tenuifolia, Knight

SorocePuatus, Kk. Br.

clavigerus,

Hutchinson . .

crassifolius,

Hutchinson, 2.

diversifolius, Drége .

Dregei, Buek .

imberbis, R. Br...

var. longifolius,

Meisns i. s

imberbis, Klotzsch

imbricatus, Rk. Br. .

lanatus, R. Br. . 5

lanatus, Buek .

var. teretifolius,

Mein... 4%

longifolius, Phillips .

nivalis, Mund...

phylicoides, Meisn. .

rupestris, Phillips .

salsaloides, R. br. .

seabridus, Meisn. .

Schlechteri, Phillips

spatalloides, R. Br. .

spatalloides, Buek .

spatalloides, Sieb. «

tenuifolius, R. Bre.

teretifolius, Phillips .

tulbaghensis, Phillips

verticillatus, R, & S.

SPH EROTHYLAX, Bisch.

algiformis, Bisch. .

SPATALLA, Salisb. . .

abietina, R.@ka x

barbigera, Knight .

Bolusii, Phillips. .

bombycina, Knight .

brachyloba, Phillips .

bracteata, R. Bre. «

brevifolia, R. Bree

brevifolia, K. Mey. .«

Burchellii, Phillips .

SPATALLA (con.)

745

Page

caude flora, Knight 699, 700

699

caudata, R. Br. .

colorata, Meisn. .

confusa, Phillips

curvifolia, Knight

cylindrica, Phillips

ericefolia, Knight

ericoides, Phillips

Galpinii, Phillips

gracilis, Knight .

incurva, R. Br.

. yar. densior, Meisn.

var. laxior, Meisn.

var. Zeyheri, Meisn,

lava, KR. Brie

longifolia, Knight .

mollis, 2. Bre ys

mucronifolia, Phillips

nana, Knight.

nivea, R. Br..

parilis, Knight .

pedunculata, R. Br.

pilosa, Phillips .

polystachya, R. Br.

polystachya, Zeyh.

procera, Knight .

prolifera, Knight

propinqua, R. Br.

pyramidalis, R. Br.

ramulosa, R. Br. 6'

ramulosa, Sieb. .

sericea, R. Br.

sericea, Meisn. .

setaceus, R, Br. «

squamata, Meisn.

Thunbergii, R. Br.

var. Dregei,

Meisn: 2.6 6

thyrsiflora, Knight .

Wallichii, Phillips .

SpaTaLvorsis, Phillips

caudeflora, Phillips .

caudata, Phillips, .

confusa, Phillips.

ericefolia, Phillips .«

propinqua, Phillips .

Spielmannia

africana, Willd. «

decurrens, Moench

desertoruin, E, & Z.

Jasminum, Medic.

revoluta, E, Mey..

Sracuys, Linn... .

a ee ek ee ee ee Se

Cee es eh ee eR RS

oe er &

€ 2. ee eS

693

700

690

693

700

689

691

692

697

692

690

336

zthiopica, Benth. 348, 350

wthiopica, Zinn...

var. glandulifera,

Shan.

yar. _hispidissima,

Benth. . . .

348

746 : INDEX.

Page Page ; °

STACHYS (con.) bak STACHYS (con.) | STILBE (con.) } ATA Gee

«var, ‘parviflora, natalensis, Hochst. .:367| serrulata, Hochst.. . 188

Shan... + 848 nigricans, Benth. . 355{ vestita, Berg. . . 185

var. tenella, O. Kze 353! nutans, Benth. . . 367] virgata, Poir. . . 184

zthiopicayE, Mey... 344| obtusifolia, MacOwan - 356| Zeyheri, Briq. =. . 188

- albiflora, VW. 2. Br... 344 var. angustifolia, Streptium

arvensis, Linn. . . 354 Shani | eg 0 B56 | + Sasperum, Roxb, 207

attenuata, Shan... 351 var. Flanaganii, Suapa, Forsk.. . . 460

aurea, Benth, . . 364 ORGnET fF ey 356 | cxspitosa, Wolley~Dod 450

Bachmannii, Giirke . 346| obtusifolia, MacCOwan 357] — fruticosa, Forsk.. -. 451

Bolusii,.Skan =. . 343] parilis, NW. B. Br. . 347 | SyNcoLosremon, E.Mey. 261

. Burchellii, Benth . 360] pascuicola, Brig... 356) argenteus, N. £. Br. 263

chrysotrichos, Giirke § 356| — pseudonigricans, densiflorum, Hochst. 266

cerulea, Burch. . . 365 Giirke » . . . 355| densiflorus,.2. Mey.. 269

Cooperi, Shan . . 343| pulchella, Salisb. . 348) . dissitiflorus, Benth, . 264

crenulata, Briq, . . 361| recurva,Giirke.. . 359| lanceolatus, Giirke . 262

_ cuneata, Drege . . 364) rivularis, Wood § NE. Bree 2

cymbalaria, Brig. . 352 Eran . eGR 858 var. grandiflorus,

var. alba, Skan ... 352| rosmarinifolia, Benth. 359 JN, Be Bes, 22) abe

- denticulata, Burch. . 363 var. Burkeiy Benth. 359| macrophyllus, Giirke 241

deserti, Benth. .| , 359] Rudatisii, Stan... 347| parviflorus, /. Mey. 268

dolichodeira, Briq. . 342 rugosa, Ait. 405) ye 359 var, dissitiflorus, .

dregeana, Benth. . 362 . var. foliosa, Shan. . 359 No BB ee

var. lasiocalyx, var. linearis, Stan 3 9|' ramulosum, Hochst. . 265

Shame! ysl B62 yar. longiflora, ramulosus, 2. Mey. . 264

var. tenuior, Skan 362 Benth. . . 359| rotundifolius, 2. Mey. 265

erectiuscula, Giirke.. 357| rugosa,Lam. . . 361| Zalu-Dama, Rheede . 395

var. natalensis, 4 scabrida, Skan . . 849| TELANTHERA, Mog. . 431

Shan... +~357| = Schlechteri, Giirke » 358| maritima,

flavescens, Benth. .- 361| serrulata, Benth. ..° 351 var. Sparmanni,

flexuosa, Skan .. . 352] serrulata, Burch. . 350 Moqy. + -

foliosa, Benth. . . \359| — sessilifolia, H. Mey... 345| maritima, Harv...

fruticetorum, Brig. . 351) sessilis, Giirke . . 355|TeucriuM, Linn, . + _

Galpini, Brig.. . 346] simplex, Schlechter . 356| africanum, Zhunb. .

_ gariepina, Benth. . 362) spathulata, Burch. . . 362| capense, Zhunb. .

graciliflora, Prest. . 366| Steingreveri, Briq. . 335 riparium, Hochst.

grandifolia, . Mey. 342) sublobata, Skan . . 354) trifidum, Retz. .

hantamensis, Vathe . 364| subsessilis, Burch. . -353| THUNBERGIa, Linn. f.

Harveyi, Skan . . 350) tenella, Shan. . .: 358| alata, Boj.

eg a ee

hispida, Brig. . ; 342! teres, Shan . . 4‘ 864| angulata, T. And.

hispidula, Hochst. ...367| Thunbergii, Benth. . 342| angulata, Hook., F

humifusa, Burch. . 358) transvaalensis, Girke 346 vat. 4 BS oe

hyssopifolia, Vahl . 359| tubulosa, MacOwan . 342| angulata, Lindau +

hyssopoides, Burch. . 365| Tysonii, Sian . . 357| aspera, Lindaw . - 8

integrifolia, Benth. . 365 Zeyheri, Shan . . 363} aspera, Neess + +

integrifolia, Vaht . 364|Sriube, Berg. . . . 183| var. parvifolia, 8

Kraussii, Hochst. . 367) albiflora, H. Mey. . 185 Sond) oe

Kuntzei, Giirke . . 344 var. pilosa ADC, 185| atriplicifolia, T. And. 2

Lamarckii, Benth, . 360| — var. Sond. . . 185) atriplicifolia, Krauss Mi

lasiocalyax, Schlechter. 362| cernua, Linn. f. . «182 atriplicifolia, Lindau .

leptoclada, Brig. . °351| ericvides, Lam. . . 185 atriplicifolia, Lindau 7

linearis, Burch, . eh B50 ericoides, Dinni 184 atriplicifolia, E. Mey. ; ee

lupulina, Brig. . . 346|. mucronata, N. Z. Br. 184 var. Kraussil, 7

macilenta, E. Mey. ee S66 var, cuspidata, Gh Cl. Pied cee 8

' malacophylla, Skan . 345 Pears. .. _ 184| Bachmanni, Lindau. — 8

minima, Giirke . , 363) phylicoides, ADC. 2 288 var. minor, ¢. B.Cl.

. . 186}. Bachmann, Lindau .«

multiflora, Benth, . 361 pinastra, Linn,

6.8 £8

INDEX.

e Page

THUNBERGIA (con.) TRISTICHA (con.) WALAFRIDA (con.)

Bauri, Lindau... 9} alternifolia, cinerea, Rolfe.

capensis, Retz. 5 var. pulchella, Warm. 483 congesta, Rolfe .

var. grandiflora, bryoides, Gardn. . 483 crassifolia, Rolfe

Nees ey 6 5| hypnoides, Spreng. . 482) decipiens, Rolfe .

cordibracteolata, Philocrena, Steud. 483 densiflora, Rolfe .

GC. B. Ge. ‘ 7 | Tyloglossa diffusa, Rolfe .

dregeana, Lindau. 6| pubescens, Hochst. . 91| Dinteri, Rolfe .

dregeana, Nees . . 10| Verbena, Linn. 207 | distans, Rolfe .

dregeana, Nees . 9| bonariensis, Zinn. . 209) geniculata, Rolfe .

flavohirta, Lindau. 7| capensis, Thunb. . 195, 209) gracilis, HOFE: oa,

fragrans, E.Mey. . 10| capitata, Forsk. . 193| lacunosa, Rolfe . .

Galpini, Zindau. . 6| Forskdlii, Vahl 207; Macowani, Rolfe .

hirta, Lindau . . 10}! globiflora, L’Hérit. . 195 micrantha, Rolfe.

hetta; S0nG. 6205 9| nodiflora, Linn, . . 193) minuta, Rolfe .

hirtistyla, C. B. Cl. . 7| officinalis, Linn . 209| murulis, Rolfe

humilis, E.& Z. . . 5 var. natalensis, myrtifolia, Rolfe

natalensis, Hook, . 4 Hochst.. . . 210} Nachtigali, Rolfe .

neglecta, Sond. . 9| quadrangularis, Vell. 209) nitida, #. Mey. . .

pondoensis, Lindau . 9| setosa, Mart. & Gal.. 210) paniculata, Rolfe

purpurata, Harv... 5| sororia,G.Don . . 210) polycephala, Rolfe .

stenophylla, C. B. Cl. 6| spuria,Linn.. . . 210) polystachya, Rolfe .

venosa, C. B. Cl. 6| villosa, Gill § Hook, 208| recurva, Rolfe . .

xanthotricha, Lindau 8| VERBENACEE 180| rotundifolia, Rolje .

Thymelaa Vibo saxatilis, Rolfe . .

capitata angusto, ctc., australis, Greene 481| squarrosa, Rolfe. .

PIG.) 3 » 008! Virex, Linn, 5. 211| tenuifolia, Rolfe. .

capitata rapunculoides, geminata, Pears, 213| trimera, Hochst...

Pluk. . . . . 626/ gurkeana, Pears, . 217/| witbergensis, Rolfe .

Tinnga. . . . . 383] harveyana, Pears. . 212| Zeyheri, Rolfe . .

TinNeA, Kotschy & mooiensis, Pears. . 212) zuurbergensis, Rolfe

Beye 6 32-4 2. 388 var. Rudolphi, Wallinia

Galpini, Brig. 383 POR 719| polystachya, Moq.

Tortula obovata, 2. Mey. . 214) XeRopana, Briq.

aspera, Roxb, . . 207] reflexa, Pears. 215| Zeyheri, Brig. ‘

Toxicodendron Rehmanni, Giirhe 214 | Xylosma

acutifolium, Benth. . 493] Wilmsii, Giirke . 216) monospora, Hary. .

Trichinium Zeyheri, Sond. . . 216 Xymatos, Baill. ‘

Chrysurus, Meisn. . 415 var. brevipes, Pears. 216| monospora, Baill. .

latifolium, E. Mey. 420| Wanarripa, E. Mey. . 116) usambarensis, Engl. .

remotifiorum , albanensis, Rolfe . 120|Zapania . . .

Hook... 412| alopecuroides, Rolfe . 117} arabica, Poir.

Zeyheri,Moq. . . 417| angolensis, Rolfe. . 117) globiflora, Poir. .

Trichostachys apiculata, Rolfe. . 121) lantanoides, Lam.

sp-ciosa, Welw. . . 643) articulata, Rolfe . 125) nodiflora,Lam. .

Trisriciua, Thouars . 482| ciliata, Rolfe - 119) odoratissima, Scop.

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