SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA (ORCHIDACEAE)

ABSTRACT

A history of Dryadella Luer is given and the genus is described. A key to the

sections and species is given. Each species is described and illustrated with a

black and white drawing. The speci ited in the distributi ly a fi

more frequent species from various localities.

New species:

Dryadella barrowii Luer

Dryadella clavellata Luer & Hirtz

adella crassicaudata Luer

Dryadella vasquezii Luer

Dryadella wuerstlei Luer

In 1871, Professor Reichenbach described simultaneously in Pleurothallis R.Br.

the first two species of the future genus Dryadella. Both species, Pleurothallis

auriculigera and Pleurothallis aviceps, had been imported at the same time by

Sanders in England from a Mr. Bowmann in Brazil. These first two species appar-

ently had not been considered in the later identification of Brazilian species, be-

cause of the 25-year-impoundment of Reichenbach’s herbarium in Hamburg after

his death, and the later 37-year-incarceration of his specimens of Masdevallia at

AMES. Without surprise, it was discovered that one of the species had acquired

later names.

In 1875, Reichenbach described the third, a species from Colombia, as Masde-

vallia simula. In 1881, he transferred his two Brazilian species in Pleurothallis to

Masdevallia where all subsequent new species attributable to Dryadella would be

added until Dryadella was proposed in 1978. Also from Colombia, Reichenbach

added M. meiracyllium in 1886, and M. pusiola in 1887.

In her Monograph of the genus Masdevallia in 1896 Florence Woolward was

the first to suggest a subgeneric segregation when she placed Masdevallia obrienia-

na and Masdevallia simula in Reichenbach’s section Saltatrices. She also made the

apt comment that these species would ‘“‘perhaps ultimately be excluded from the

genus.”” Schlechter was of the same opinion when he suggested in 1925 a subgenus

to be named Trigonanthe. In his monograph of 1925, Kranzlin included all the

species known at that time in section Rhombopetalae, except for Masdevallia lilli-

putiana that he misplaced in his section Floribundae. He also included in his sec-

tion Rhombopetalae the Masdevallia pumila of Poeppig & Endlicher and Reichen-

bach’s Masdevallia amethystina [=Porroglossum amethystinum (Rchb.f.) Garay].

In Cogniaux’s treatment of Masdevallia in Martius’s Flora Brasiliensis in 1896,

the above first two species of Reichenbach were included without localities or cita-

tions of specimens. In the addenda published in 1906, Cogniaux added five more

o ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

species attributable to the future Dryadella (Rolfe’s M. obrieniana and Barbosa

Rodrigues’s M. paulensis and M. sessilis described in the interim, and two new

ones, M. edwallii and M. lilliputiana). Even in Pabst’s treatment of his section

Rhombopetala in Orchidaceae Brasilienses in 1975, the two species of Reichen-

bach were simply listed without further ideration. When Reichenbach’s herbar-

ium specimens of Masdevallia were finally returned to Vienna in 1982, it was

discovered that the frequent Masdevallia aviceps had been redescribed as M. bradei,

M. obrieniana, M. paulensis and M. sessilis, but the tiny M. auriculigera remains

rare.

In the Andes, Dryadella simula is the most familiar, frequent, and widely dis-

tributed species. Consequently, almost all collections from the Andes and Central

America, as well as many from Brazil, have been identified with it. In Brazil, D.

aviceps is probably the most widely distributed and frequent of the species.

In spite of 37 subsequent additions to the genus since 1978, Dryadella contains

only 48 acceptable species, several epithets having been reduced to synonymy. The

Species are distributed in moist or seasonally moist forests of the Neotropics from

Mexico to southern Brazil. Nine species are known from Mezoamerica, 30 from

the so: of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia, and 12 from south-

erm Brazil.

DRYADELLA

Dryadella Ler, Selbyana 2: 207, 1978.

ae isk = pg 9 fa are 39: 199, 1978. ee

ee sect. Saltatrices Rchb.f. fide Woolward, Monogr. Macdeveitie, 1 898, non Rchb.f.

Syn.: Masdevallia subgen. Tri onanthe

1925, nom. eau des Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 35: 48, 20 Mar.

Syn.: Masdevallia sect.

one Rhombopetalae Kraenzl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 34: 188, 15 May

Lect ia si

vue aston imula Rchb.f. (Luer, Monogr. Syst. Bot. 15: 26, 1986)

Ety.: From rhombopetalon, “a thombus-shaped petal,” referring to the petals.

Syn.: Trigonanthe (Schltr.) Brieg., Die Orchideen 448, 1975

» nom. invalid.

} & hd * .

caidas late, someting sium in size forthe subtribe, epiphytic, rarely lithophytic, densely

cauls: roots slender to co bee an thizome, the rhizome very short between rami-

the let, unifoliate, parti racer aus erect, slender, sad tng hee usually much shorter than

inflorescence emerging late mpietety SY < to 5 thin, imbricating sheaths at the base, the

pbdabdueess i aterally with an ep from below the apex (the abscission layer). Leaf erect,

; dar

Se Oo rt

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 3

usually congested 1 raceme, borne by a usually s short peduncle, with a bract near or at the base; floral

ace thin , longer or smooth to verruculose,

sue. trivalvat te; sepals conspicuous, more or less membranous, usually variously spotted with red,

or brown, smooth to minutely verrucose, rarely shortly | pubescent, 1 more oF less subcarinate, 3-

aeee'p more or less ovate, the apices obtuse to acute,

clavate, essentially free or f p, the dorsal sepal llate, concave,

the lateral sepals oblique ly deflexed bel tr llus above the base; petals small, incon-

spicuous, mostly confined within the sepaline m4 more or less fates and translucent, more or less

mark red or purp ple, more or les Ss subquadrate, subsagittate, 4- to 5-angled, or lobulated, often with

] thi margin, ey veined: ; ip gerne long-unguiculate, the blade

suborbicular or oblong, usually deflexed near the mi niddle

with a pair i, the claw narrow, nearly as long as the blade

more or less channeled longitdinally, ‘bilobulate at the base, hinged to the apex of the column- foot:

column broadly winged on the distal half, often with marginal angles or teeth, the apex more or less

hooded, sometimes denticulate, the anther trae the pollin

obovoid, more or tx slightly flattened, withou' gated caudicles, more or less granular iscidium

the base of the column developed into a thick ber: foot with the apex of the ovary ae ‘obishads a

short distance beyond the ov

tail of sepal

Pollinia

Ventral view of column

Column

Lateral sepal

Lateral view of column, lip, and ovary

Floral parts of Dryadella

Text figure 1.

All species of Dryadella are closely allied. So little distinctive variation exists

from the “‘average,”’ that no subgeneric division seems feasible. Vegetatively, the

species are basically similar, the densely tufted plants varying in size from minute,

less than one centimeter in height, to occasionally ten centimeters in height. The

leaves are narrow and thickly coriaceous, sometimes semiterete, fusiform, or ovoid,

and are borne by ramicauls usually much shorter than the leaves themselves, or the

leaves are sessile. The peduncles, also much shorter than the leaves, are borne

laterally from the ramicaul with an annulus below the leaf-stem abscission layer.

4 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

The flowers of all known species of Dryadella are resupinate. As with most

her pleurothallid ination does not result from a twisting of the pedicel and

2) i , is

ovary, but from a “backward” bending of the pedicel to place the lip lowermost in

the flower. The inflorescence is a successively flowered, usually very congested

raceme. The apices of the sepals are often acuminate into short or long tails. The

dorsal sepal is shallowly connate to the lateral sepals to form a cup that contains the

column, petals and lip. The lateral sepals are deflexed above their bases at the

opening of the cup where a transverse callus more or less forms a rim across the

opening into the cup.

The petals are short, more or less subquadrate with marginal angles or lobules.

The angle on the labellar margin commonly overhangs the rim formed by the calli

of the lateral sepals. The shape of a petal is often variable within a species. The lip

stands more or less erect in the center, and the blade, borne by a well-formed claw,

also commonly overhangs the sepaline rim. The column is prominently winged on

the distal half, often toothed or with prominent angles. The configuration of the

teeth are not constant in a given species, although the long ‘“‘tooth”’ found in some

Species is diagnostic. The anther is ventral and hooded. The minute, granular

viscidia of the pair of pollinia protrude above the edge of the rostellar flap that

Separates the anther from the ventral stigma.

While the petals are variable within any species of Dyadella, and the lips are

generally similar, all of which are difficult to evaluate within the tiny flowers, the

sepals become th t reliable features for identification. The same holds true i

Masdevallia. te “i

habs: genus Dryadella has never been particularly popular in living collections of

byists or F , although a few of the miniature plants are usually toler-

ated as a botanical curiosity with their dense foliage and tiny flowers. The species

are disliked by many because of the superficial similarities of the flowers of all the

5 ae that are usually hidden among the leaves. Species have been difficult to

aN Many Specimens, cultivated or dried and mounted on herbarium sheets,

panbiensetrcs: Longe pee species are not well-defined, there being

pages will clarify many of ieee to identify. It is hoped that the following

BINOMIALS PUBLISHED IN DRYADELLA

D. acuminata Luer & Hirtz [=D. pachyrhiza]

= albicans (Luer) Luer 0... vie

- ana-paulae VP. Castro, B.P. Faria & te ape gyms. 5

D. aurea Luer & Hirtz....... cecil ovens Fig. De

D. auriculigera (Rchb.f,) Lue... a

Pe svteeys (ME) Kiet Shai sacs gas ines

D. butcher iaeiveies ce eee 2 Fic, am 6b.

D.clavelata Ler & Hitz new spice Fie 8

. Luer, new species ‘ii pilestia ares i g

D.cremisePatdyber, Fig. 9

D. pases Luer & R.Escobar bee ree Fig 10

= cuspidata Luer & Hirtz ee ceerrrrr et: te. :

. _ | eae oe 6 kee aerrer cen, ig.

We a geecet on hn nae eeeee Fig. 13

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 5

D. dolichopoda (Luer) Luer [= D. pusiola]

D. dressleri Luer Fig. 14.

D. edwallii (Cogn.) Luer Fig. 15.

D. elata (Luer) Luer Fig. 16.

D. espirito-santensis (Pabst) Luer Fig. 17.

D. fuchsii Luer Fig. 18

D. gnoma (Luer) Luer. Fig 19a, 19b

D. gomes-ferreirae (Pabst) Luer Fig. 20.

D. greenwoodiana Soto Arenas, Salazar & Solano Fig. 21.

D. guatemalensis (Schltr.) Luer Fig. 22

D. hirtzii Luer Fig. 23.

D. kautskyi (Pabst) Luer Fig. 24.

D. lilliputiana (Cogn.) Luer Fig. 25.

D. linearifolia (Ames) Luer Fig. 26.

D. lueriana sashes & Romero Fig. 27.

D. marsupiata Fig. 28.

D. AEE (Rchb. f.) Luer. Fig. 29a, 29b.

D. melloi (Pabst) Luer [= D. lilliputiana]

D. minuscula Luer & R.Escobar Fig. 30.

D. misasii (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer [= D. gnoma]

D. mocoana Luer & R.Escobar, new species Fig. 31.

D. nasuta Luer & Hirtz, new species Fig. 32.

D. nortonii Luer, new species Fig. 33.

D. obrieniana (Rolfe) Luer [= D. aviceps]

D. odontostele Luer. Fig. 34.

D. osmariniana (Braga) Garay & Dunst. probably [= D. guatemalensis]

D. pachyrhiza Luer & Hirtz Fig. 35.

D. paranaensis (Schitr.) Luer [= D. lilliputiana]

D. perpusilla (Kraenzl.) Luer, cf. page 41, excluded from Dryadella.

D. popayanensis (F.Lehm. & Kraenzl.) Luer = D. simula

D. pusiola (Rchb.f.) Luer Fig. 36.

D. rodrigoi Luer Fig. 37.

D. silvana F Barros [= D. aviceps]

D. simula (Rchb-.f.) Luer. Fig. 38a, 38b.

D. simulatrix (Kraenzl.) Luer [= D. pusiola]

D. sororcula Luer Fig 39.

D. sublata Luer & J.J.Portilla, new species Fig. 40.

D. summersii (L.O. Williams) Luer Fig. 41.

D. susanae (Pabst) Luer Fig. 42.

D. toscanoi Luer, new species Fig. 43.

D. vasquezii Luer, new species Fig. 44.

D. verrucosa Luer & R. Escobar Fig. 45.

D. vitorinoi Luer Fig. 46

D. werneri Luer Fig. 47

D. wuerstlei Luer, new species Fig. 48.

D. zebrina (Porsch) Luer Fig. 49.

6 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF DRYADELLA

1 Mature leaf narrowly linear, less than 3 mm wide *

1’ Mature leaf not less than 3 mm wide

“The Needle Leaves” _ ieee a

(Leaves that are more than 3 ide often app when dried)

5 Rhizome repent with leaves erect D peers

3 Mature leaf more than 4 cm long a

3’ Mature leaf less than 3.5 cm long

‘. Sepals obtuse, ; acuminate, without tail.................... ae eee mene 28 crmneicnsis

5 Flowers spotted; petals mi pically papillose at the base........D. meiracyllium

5° Flowers white; petals not papillose at the base............ssssssessesssee ......D. albicans

6 Dorsal sepal wider than the lat 1 p ls combined D pusiola

6” Dorsal sepal not wider than the laterals combined..................cccccccsscsesssscsessesesseseee

7 Sepals with slender tails g

7° Sepals with thick tails 11

8 Sepals with tails longer than the blade

8’ Sepals with tails not longer than the blade

D. wuerstlei

9 Lip with blade irregularly digitate

9° Lip with blade not irregularly digitate

D. linearifolia

10 Petals microscopically papillose at the base

D. meiracyllium

10° Petals not papillose at the base

D. pachyrhiza

11 Petals obliquely acute

11’ Petals obtusely lobulate

D. rodriogi

12 Column with a pair of long, descending teeth

D. odontostele

12’ Column broadly winged with acute angles

13 Mature leaf less than 25 mm long ..

D. kautskyi

13” Mature leaf more than 25 mm long

“The Tiny Mites”

14 Rhizome repent with suborbicular, overlapping leaves

14° Rhizome not repent with suborbicular, overlapping leaves

15 Dorsal sepal with apex subacute

D. susanae

15° Dorsal sepal with apex caudate

16 Dorsal sepal with thick, tail-like apex; lateral sepals triangular

16” Not as above

SESCPSCMSHSS Ne Ste ROLES ERES SK ESee eeK ES eneEweree ey.

D. nortonii

HPP eee were eeerenes

sscerseeveeed), SUDIOIA

—a

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA

18 Dorsal sepal dilated and widest at the base

18’ Dorsal sepal widest near the middle

D. greenwoodiana

D. lueriana

20 Sepals with thick tails

19 Sepals with tails as long as or longer than the blade 20

19’ Sepals with tails shorter than the blade 21

20° Sepals with slender tails

D. crassicaudata

21 Sepaline tails terete

D. clavellata

21’ Lateral sepals with long, clavate tails

22 Lateral sepals acuminate into tails

22’ Lateral sepals contracted into tails

D. zebrina

D. lilliputiana

23 Column with a descending tooth 24

23’ Column without a descending tooth 25

24 Leaf petiolate D. butcheri

24’ Leaf sessile D. werneri

SL p denticu late %6

a5) i: “a entire 97

26 Lip with blade suborbicular

D. auriculigera

27 Dorsal sepal with tail 1 mm long

27’ Dorsal sepal with tail 2-3 mm long

D. sororcula

f.'

28 Petals with sharply acute, marginal angles

28’ Petals with obtuse, marginal angles

D. minuscula

29 Dorsal sepal with subclavate tail D. vasquezii

29” Dorsal sepal with slender tail 30

30 Lip with erect, triangular c calli D. zebrina

30’ Lip with low, D. dressleri

“All The Rest”

31 Dorsal sepal with apex subacute to obtuse 32

31’ Dorsal sepal with apex udate 38

32 Leaf, sepals, and lip verrucose

D. verrucosa

32’ Leaf, sepals, and lip not verrucose

33 Ramicaul well-developed, sa cm long D. elata

33’ Ramicaul less than 1.5 cm 34

34 Petals tall-crested D. cristata

34’ Petals not crested 35

35 Lip with blade oblong, not decurved D. gnoma

35’ Lip not with an oblong, non-decurved blade 36

g ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

36 Lip with the distal third of the blad d against itself D. marsupiata

36° Lip not with the distal third of the blade recurved against itself. 37

37 Petals obliquely acute D. vitorinoi

37’ Petals obtusely dolabriform D. aurea

38 Dorsal sepal obtuse, contracted into a tail 1 mm long, 1 mm thick........ D. nasuta

38’ Dorsal sepal not with tail 1 mm long, 1 mm thick 39

39 Column with a d di

ing tooth 40

39° Column without a descending tooth 42

40 Column with an acute tooth; lip with claw compressed............000.000 D. summersii

40° Lip with the claw not compressed 41

42 Dorsal sepal acuminate into an acute tip or tail shorter than the blade 43

42° Dorsal sepal contracted into a tail as long as or longer than the blade 50

43 Mature leaf usually more than 4 cm long 44

43° Mature leaf less than 4 cm long 48

44 Peduncle and pedicel each 2-3 cm long D. ii

: ; g barrowii

44 Peduncle and pedicel less than 1 cm long 44

45 Sepals minutely caudate; petals pubescent

45° Sepals not minutely caudate: petals not pubescent

46 Lateral Sepals triangular, slight! ; -

: - y pusticulate,.... D. hi

46° Lateral Sepals contracted into short tails ar

D. espirito-santensis

47 Petals obliquely truncate at the i

: apex with a lobul

47" Petals subquadrate with an angle on either sarin

on the lower margin. D. simula

beseiaas D. aviceps

48° Lip with ali ofthe blade sharply acute 2777 foe

49 Column with broad wi

{Steers 1g half the length of the column... D. fuchsii

oO C00 ee Sesto

Tee tee eeeee

Store eee eee

50 Leaf up to 6 mm wide

50° Leaf up to 6-12 mm wide. $b ee IP RCCOC ORDO Ree eSeéseeteee 51

eee Te eee 3 53

51 Lateral sepals teflexed: . =

‘ fringed...

51° Lateral sepals exerts Hiaierga reg Se ed a ee ae D. emis

SD Lis eikgee HOU E varetoterens

Py hs mm long and wi

52’ Lip with the blade ca. 3 end ioe Bat ai me oq een bs { ie

gn tO SE eee . edwallii

as S less than 10 mm long...

€pals more than 12 mm Ne D. aviceps

Hoe eeeee

Sonne eee

we eee

Sy Rete ECHO Use és ewe cnecas,

Toe eee ee eee

we.

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 9

Dryadella albicans (Luer) Luer, Selbyana 2: 207, 1978.

Bas.: Masdevallia albicans Luer, Phytologia 39: 185, 1978.

Ety.: From the Latin albicans, ‘“‘becoming white,”’ in reference to the white flowers.

mall to medium for the genus, epiphytic, densely caespitose; roots age mae = — 6-

be mm long, enclosed by 2-3 thin, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, narrowly linear to te, 3-6

m long, 2-3 mm wide, gradually narrowed d below tot the base. Inflorescence a single, Tong_pedicelat

fase borne by a peduncle 5 mm long t tubular,

7 mm long; pedicel 10 mm long, saltniec glanstotat ovary cellular-glandular, 1.5 mm long; sepals white,

sepal broadly ovate, obtuse, concave, 7 mm long, 13 mm long including the tail, 5.5 mm wide,

contracted into a pale yellow tail 6 cm long, connate to the lateral sepals for 1.5-2 mm to form a sepalin

cup, the lateral pepets ovate, oblique, acute, acuminate, 12 bapa! aes including the tail, 3 mm wide,

minute ely € erose, ge 1 mm at the base to form a

1 ate, 1.5 mm long, 1.25 mm

wile, 1-veined; ip pale enaen: wadenn. boy blade lpia, i 75 mm mm long, | mm wide,

witha pair of acute, erect | es, the disc with a pair of erect,

ded lamell the lobules, the claw 1.25 mm ef d, bilobulate

at the base, hinged to the 2 apex of the column-foot; column green, 2 mm long, winged above the middle,

the foot 1.5 mm long.

ECUADOR: Azuay: western slopes of the Andes, alt. 2000 m, collected by B. Malo in yee flowered in

cultivation at Tarqui near Cuenca, 16 July 1977, C aN 1715 (holotype of M. albicans

This species of southern Ecuador is related to the relatively sys Dryadella

pusiola, but with much longer leaves and twice larger flowers. The petals are

obscurely three-lobed at the truncate apex. The lobules at the base of the blade of

the lip are erect, not retrorse on the same plane as the blade as in D. pusiola.

Dryadella ana-paulae V.P.Castro, B.P.Faria & A.D.Santana, Richardiana 4(4): 198,

Ety.: Named for Ana Paula Santana, daughter of f the collect f thi

all, epiphytic, densely caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, 2. 5 mm long, enclosed

by 2-3 thin, loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, thickly coriaceous, ellipsoid to linear-elliptical, terete,

acute to subacute, 7-30 mm long, 3-6 mm wide, 2-3 mm thick, oohiea. anes at the base. Inflores-

cence a so itary flower bo successively j ina Speed raceme by a peduncle 1-2 mm ae enclosed

by a sheath, fi mbri cating. g, 2-4 mm tee pedicel 2-4 mm long;

ovary 0.5- Imm long, thickly trialate; ery ellow-gren swith red cots, ieshy, 44 —

Hi a gs concave, 4. 5-6 mm lo mm w 7

lon, 5 to form a sepaline cup, the lateral sepals ovate, , bt

45- 5 1 mm 1 long including the thick, tail-like apex, 1.5 mm wide, slightly contracted above the middle

the ill-defined, thick tail-like apices, connate 0.5 mm at the base, with a low, transverse callus medial

above the ‘concave base; petals yellow, suboblong-obhastate, 1 5 mm long, 1.25 mm wide, the ape

y unguiculate, the bide thick,

ob y

arcuate, suboblong, 1.5 mm long, 0.9 mm 1 wide, minutely erose, , the apex rou

with a pair of acute angles, the disc with a low pair of minutely denticulate lamellae below the middle,

the claw 0.75 mm long, bilobulate at the base, shallowly channeled longitudinally, hinged to the —_ :

the column-foot; column i948 1.5 mm long, longitudinally winged on the distal half, bidentate

apex, the foot thick, equally |

BRAZIL: Dist. Fed.: Corrégo — 4 100 m du Condominio Itaipu, VII Regiio Administrativa,

Paranod, date unknown, V.P. Castro et n. (Holotype: UB; Isotype: MO), C. Luer Ts. 20620

BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz: near Caranda, ey Km northwest of Santa Cruz, ’rmage by L. More: “5 Dec.

bike ate Luer 361 7 (SEL); epiphyt ti Vista, 390 m, chllesca by

t g. 1991, se Luer 15233 treks whee Vista, collected

. "3 “Vasquez pres ag Leng C. ee ek

First cultivated by Dr. Moreno in 1978 in Santa Cruz, Bolivia, Dryadella ana-

7 1 ; 4 3 ¢ «lL, VW Z f. + Mag + 1 = > Py poe AD | Tt

ts Diese J

is characterized by the small habit; thickly fleshy, terete leaves; small yellow, fleshy

sepals with thickened, tail-like apices; and a small lip with a suboblong, erose blade

with erose carinae. The classical transverse calli above the base of the lateral sepals

are reduced to a slight thickening on the medial half at the base. It is closely allied

to the similar Dryadella vasquezii that is most easily distinguished by the entire,

suborbicular blade of the lip.

10 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Dryadella aurea Luer & Hirtz, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76: 159,

Ety.: From the Latin aureus, Lampe epsohinde to ee hashing. flowers.

Plant small, epiphytic, densel . t »24 mm long, enclosed by

2-3 thin, loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, thickly coriaceous, acute, 20-30 mm

long, 3- 35 mm wide, gradually narrowed below to the ti Inflorescence a a solitary flower borne

successively g y ap mm long, enclosed bids a sheath, from low

1; floral b imbricating, 2-3 ary 0.75- Im m long,

trialate; sepals clear ellow-rgef the dorsal : sepal ovate, concave, u 5mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the apex

narrowly acute, thickened, connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm to form a sepaline cup, the lateral sepals

ovate, oblique, acute, acuminate, "5 mm long 1. 75 mm wide, child aepmey te with a trans-

less cellular; petals orange, pape | A de

mim long, 1.75 mm wide, the apex obtuse, microscopically undulate, with an obtuse angle o' upper

g green, unguiculate, the blade ee. ceed

long, 1.5 mm long, 1 mm wide, the apex su subtruncate to aed te base above the claw with a pair of

acute angles, the disc with a pair of rounded lamellae just below the middle, the claw . mm long,

bilobulate at the base, peng channeled shored hinged | to the > apex of the mn-foot;

green, 1.75 mm long, | f, bidentate at as apex, the

foot equally long.

ECUADOR: Morona-Santiago: Cordillera del Cutucd, epiphytic in forest along the new road betw

Mendez and Morona, alt. 950 m, 17 Jan. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, P. Jesup, A. Jesup & A. Hirtz 13963

; Isotype: SEL).

nor rabiok

Oxapampa, Mirador ridge, Rio Paujil, Nacional Yanach i 3 ,

sie on pe ewe ey ujil, Parqué Nacional Yanachaga Chemillén, alt. 700 m

This little species occurs in lowland southeastern Ecuador in the Cordillera del

Cutuct and northeastern Peru. Superficially it resembles most of the other species

in the genus, but it is characterized by the small habit; narrowly obovate leaves;

small, clear, yellow-orange to orange flowers; acute, acuminate but tailless sepals;

and ety thick, suboblong blade of the lip with a pair of low, rounded carinae below the

— pater, its (Rchb.f.) Luer, Selbyana 2: 208, 1978.

rea - a ere Rehb-f., Gard. Chron. 1579, 1871, non P auriculigera Hoehne &

.: From the a oe ee ears,” referring to the auriculate petals.

Syn * Mace, D

ve ) Rchb.f., Otia Bot. Hamburgensia 2:93, 1881.

sry very ee coir, diesel Caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 1-2 m

< —_ N, loose, tubular sheaths. erect, spotted with purple, thickly aaeeei

Paley cllptical-semiterete, subacute, 8-14 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, 2 mm thick, ally narrowed

soe sae “ Jeena a a single flower, , produced successively, borne by a peduncle 1 mm

losed .5-2 mm long; pedicel 2.5-3 mm

pny ayia re: ca mm long; sepals fleshy, the dorsal sepal oblong, concave, subcarinate, 4.75

a hetae ic robin et mm wide ex xpanded, connate to the lateral sepals for 0.5 mm

meg or -rens Ramece hs gos rie menso ovate, oblique, obtuse, Contracted eae ltr ap than :

> -su en

petals oblong- obtuse, 1.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide across a descending,

a lobes, th thas ifof eee: 2 " € the claw with a

obes, on 0.75 mm lon: crt anne Se ae converging from the

> I

column nt long. toa an cle bilobulate at the base, hinged to the apex of the

oietineeg pica 1 mm long. gle on the lower

BRAZIL: Without locali imported

mann sir eEolciype “4 tonne rt razil in 1866 by F. Sanders, flowered in cultivation, Bow-

near Domingo Martens, collected b

ivation 2 Mar. 199], 4. Jaca de Brito 828 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 16850. bats

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 11

This species was first exported by Bowmann to Sander in England who referred

specimens to Reichenbach. Reichenbach described it in Pleurothallis in 1871, but

transferred it to Masdevallia in 1881 where it remained until 1978. Although its

companion D. aviceps is common and widely distributed, D. auriculigera is rare

and seldom seen in cultivation.

Dryadella auriculigera is distinguished by the very small habit; thick, elliptical

semiterete leaves that are spotted with purple; a short peduncle; small, yellow

flowers dotted with purple or brown; sepals with short tails; irregular petals with a

decurved lobule on ae lower margin of the apex; and a lip with a round, denticu-

late-erose, anterior margin.

Although Reichenbach’s description could apply to D. kautskyi, enhanced by the

sketch of the petal with the prominent descending lobule, the watercolor painting

present in Reichenbach’s herbarium clearly illustrates spotted leaves much broader

than the “‘needle-like” leaves of D. kautskyi. The two species are closely allied, D.

kautskyi being further distinguished by larger flowers with longer tails.

Dryadella aviceps (Rchb.f.) Luer, Selbyana 2: 208, 1978.

Bas.: Pleurothallis aviceps Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. 1579, 1871

Ety.: _— e Latin aviceps, ‘‘a bird head,” alluding to the similarity of a flower bud to the head

ofa :

Syn.: es aviceps (Rchb.f.) Rchb.f., Otia Bot. eer 2: 93, 1881.

Syn.: Masdevallia obrieniana Rolfe, Gard. Chron. 8: 524,

Ety.: Named in honor of Mr. James O’Brien of otauieeyigs e Middlesex, England.

Syn.: Masdevallia sessilis Barb.Rodr., Pl. Nov. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 6: 17, 1898.

Ety.: From the Latin sessilis, “sessile,”’ referring to the very short flowering stems.

Syn.: Masdevallia paulensis Barb.Rodr., Contr. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 2:51, 1901.

Syn.: Masdevallia simula var. obrieniana (Rolfe) Kraenzl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 34:

192, 1925.

Syn.: Dryadella obrieniana (Rolfe) Luer, Selbyana 2: 209, 1978.

Syn.: Dryadella sylvana F Barros, Rev. Bras. Bot. 18(1): 135, 1995.

: From the Latin sylvanus, “sylvan,” referring to the wooded habitat.

8-15 mm long, enclosed by 2-3 thin, loose, tubular . Leaf erect, thickly cori , often suffused

with purple beneath, elliptical-obovate, subacute, 3-6 ong, 0.6-1.3 cm wide, narrow ly cun uneate below

to the wrscee Aga ya ag ence a congested te basa few-flowered raceme borne bya

peduncle 1-2 mm long, enclosed by a sheath, from low on the ramicaul; floral bracts thin, imbricating, 3

6 mm long; pedicel 4-5 mm long; ovary 1.5-2 mm ah, trialate; sepals whitish, greenish or yellowish,

poke e! dotted or spotted with purple or brown, the dorsal sepal ovate, ameeg 6-9 mm long including

tail, 2 a 5-4 ainsi Vet 1 o form p, th

‘ick acute, contracted i into é a thickened tail 2.5-4 mm long, the lateral hase seh oblique, 5-7 mm fae

including the tail, 2.5- 3 mm wide, connate less than fs maniat at the base, with a trans be callus above the

decurved base, th d tail 3-4 mm long; petals trans-

lucent ye’ ellowish, variously spotted wi th purple, sagittate, 2.5-4 mm long, 2-4 mm ice! the apex obtuse,

with a subacute or obtuse angle on both sides below the apex; lip yellow, suffused or blotched with

purple, ungui ade obovate, 2-3 mm long, 1.5-1.75-3 mm wide, the apex broadly rounded, de-

curved, the base above the claw Hpehl arte of acute, retrorse angles, the disc with a pair of obtuse lamel-

le, the claw 1-2 mm long, bilobulate at the base, channeled longitu-

dinaly, ea to the apex of the colums-foot column green, s suffused or or spotted with purple, slender,

5-3 mm ong, late at th : th lly | tong, thick with the

Plant medium to large for the pines epiphytic, densely i I

saa

apex of a ovary.

12 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

RAZIL: Without ity, imported from Brazil in 1866 by F. Sanders, flowered in cultivation, Bow-

nes dath Gone Widnes ae od fi € il by B. Wiirstle from Dr. A. de Ghillé-

ny, flowered in cultivation in Spielberg, Germany, 22 May 1980, C. Luer 5266 (SEL); also imported

from Ghilldny Wirstle, flowered in cultivation, 10 Sept. 1981, C. Luer 6484 (SEL). Parana: Guaira,

Sete Quedas, alt. 200 m, 24 Jan. 1967 G. Hatschbach 15902 (K, NY, US); Rio Ipoiita, Itaquaruqu, 18

Jan. 1987, F Chagas & Silva 1320 (SEL). Rio de Janeiro: 1894, Glaziou 19884 (K); epiphytic near

ltaguahy, B. Rodrigues s.n. (holotype of M. sessilis = B.Rodrigues drawing); Reserva FI. Washington,

£323 (13.1 WU

(holotype of M. paulensis = B. Rodrigues drawing); Campos do Jordao, alt. 1500 m, 13 July 1916, C.

Campos Porto 287 (RB), Morro dos Pedras, Iguape, Feb. 1917, A.C. Brade 8058 (holotype of M. bradei:

HB); Boa Vista Hill, 26 Mar. 1951, Segadas-Vianna 2517 (K); Sao Sebastido, Praia de Baleia, collected

E. ino, 6 1 ered in cultivation at the Sao Paulo Botanical Garden, #16602, 16 Jan

th f th fl d in cultivation 4 May 1993, E.F

1997, C. Luer 18145 (MO). Bahi P

da Silva s.n. (holotype of D. silvana: SP).

PARAGUAY: Paraguayi: epiphytic in forest of Parqué Naciondl Ybycuf, 28 Apr. 1982, .M. Vavrek &

Gonzales 635 (MO); epiphytic in bi d Salto Cristal, alt. 310 m, 31 May 1986, C. Luer, J.

Luer, N. DeBarath & L. Ramella 12259 (MO).

With lection data, fl d in cultivation by R.I. Measures, Esq., of Cambridge Lodge, Camber-

well, England, June 1895 Measures s.n. (holotype of M. obrieniana: K).

This species is frequent, and widely distributed through Brazil and Paraguay. It

is widely cultivated today, known commonly as Dryadella obrieniana. Only after

1982 when Reichenbach’s herbarium material could again be examined, could the

true identity of this species be assessed. Reichenbach’s very adequate drawings and

description of his Pleurothallis aviceps leave no doubt about the identity of this

species. It is also well illustrated and described by Woolward in her 1896 mono-

graph of the genus Masdevallia under the name M. obrieniana. It had been rede-

scribed by Rolfe as M. obrieniana in 1890 the year after Reichenbach’s herbarium

was sealed in Hamburg according to his will.

Although variations in color and minor variations in morphology occur through-

out the distribution, Dryadella aviceps is easily recognized by the relatively large

purple. The flowers are of average size and “standard” for the genus with spotted

sepals with Short tails, obtuse petals with obtusely angled margins, and an unguicu-

late lip without characters distinctive from other species.

Dryadella barrowii Luer, sp. nov.

Ety.: Named for Roy B ho culti

___ Species haec D. edwallii (Cogn.) Luer similis, sed folio:

Menuw R

yden Orchids, Great Missinden, UK.

rum petiolis proportione longioribus et

Plant medi eon be

i ise ee to large in size for the 8enus, epiphytic, densely caespitose; roots thick. Ramicauls

tical pers: Sry: enclosed by 2-3 thin, tubular sheaths, Leaf erect, coriac n i i

ly e, 3-7. . ’

1-2.cm long. NON tin kg ig radually narrowed below into a slender, indistinct petiole

raceme, borne by a slender » ‘ong-pedunculate, long-pedicellate, successively few-flowered

ramicaul: floral hencte tie “710 10-20 mm long, with a bract near the base, from

cellular-glandular, 2-3 min i mm long; pedicel Min Naga verruculose, 15-30 mm long; ovary

the dorsal sepal ellipt; zt ish white, often with minute le dots and bars,

apex, or ath = a , i june 13-17 mm long including a tail tk tail-like

to form a sepaline c mm wide e c the or 1.5-2 mm

Marginal ang

tical-ovate, 3-4 ate : > lip greenish white, long-unguiculate, the bl li

mam long, 2.5-3.5 mm wide, the apex rounded, more or roe ay the ve nse de

—

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 13

claw with a pair of acute, suberect lobules, the disc ree a pair of erect, minutely nomen lamellae

converging from the lobules, the claw 1.5-1.75 mm long, d, bilobulate at the base

hinged to the apex of the column-foot; column green puke with purple, 2.5-3 mm long, saber ally

winged from below the middle, the foot equally nis

ECUADOR: Zamora-Chinchipe: Cordillera del Condor, obtained from Ecuagenera, cultivated by R.

Barrow 024 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 20822. Pichincha: west Pichincha, 17 Sept. 1978, avg

ed by A. Hirtz, C. Luer 3446 (SEL). Napo: without details of locality, flowered in cultivatio:

O. Robledo at La sea Colombia, 15 Nov. 1977, C. Luer ore (SEL); without ro data, Mba

in cultivation by P. & A. Jesup in Bristol, CT., 15 Dec. 1988, C. Luer 13799 (MO). Azuay: western

slopes of the Andes, alt. 2000 m, collected by B. Malo in 1972, flowered in cultivation at Tarqui, 15 July

1977, C. Luer 1703 (SEL).

This large-flowered species is uncommon and widely distributed, having been

found on both sides of the Andes of Ecuador. It is similar to the Brazilian D. edwal-

lii, but differs with larger blades of the sepals with proportionately shorter tails.

Both species have elongated peduncles and pedicels. The petals of both species are

similarly variable.

is cnn butcheri Luer, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76: 160, 1999.

med in honor of the late Henry vegan ef hens Pie ae rete long known for his

pee be wledge of the orchids of Panam vered this spe

Plant small, Pa i densely caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, 5-7 mm long, enclosed by

2-3 thin, loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erec’ t, thickly coriaceous, narrowly elliptical-obovate, subacute to

obtuse, ted fmt long, : mm wide, gradually Inflo a

solitary flow 1 peduncle 1 mm long, enclosed by a sheath,

fan low on pm ramicaul; floral bracts thin, acuminate, inbrang, 2-3 mm long; pedicel 2 mm long;

ovary 0.75 mm long, trialate; sepals translucent green, diffuse ey spotted with purple, the dorsal ai

oblong, concave, subacute, pine sen! into a terete tail 2.5

bia apes to the lateral sepals for 0.5 mm to forma ie cup, the lateral sepals ¢ ovate, pies,

ontracted into slender tails - aun long, 4. S men Hoag * oe ae tail, 2 mm wide, connate 0.5

mm gt fe base, with a transverse c argins more or less cellular-

erose; Petals translucent, spotted with purple, SS 2m mm bi ios ng, 2.5 mm wide, broadly

gir @ the or broadly truncate apex with

a minute, d bel ddl b margin

at the base; enna heaUeR ong anguiculat the blade subquadrate, th d, 1.75

mm long, 1.75 mm wide, the apex broadly base above the claw with a pair of acute lobules

directed i posteriorly, the disc with a low, obtuse pair of calli from the Claw, ai cha 0. 75 mm Hee

= th sAAl A Atet ah:

mm long, witha prominent pair of eevee ¢ uncinate thirds,

bidentate at the apex, the foot equally lo

ANAMA: Chiriqui: without locality, collected by H. Butcher, flowered in cultivation by P. & A. Jesup

in Bristol, CT., 10 Dec. 1988, C. Luer 13804A (Holotype: MO). Panama: Cerro Jefe, alt. 1000 m, 22

Sept. 1972, A. Gentry 6177 (MO); same area, alt. 900 m, 1 Dec. 1983, C. Luer, J. Luer, H. Butcher & A.

aduro 9188 (SEL); Altos de Pacora road, alt. 650 a collected 4 Mar. 1976, C. Luer, J. Luer & R.L.

Dressler 1032 (SEL). Without locality, collected by Tineka Mulder, flowered in cultivation at Wagenin-

gen, Holland, 4 Sept. 1987, C. Luer 12923 (MO)

This little species is found relatively frequently in Panama, having been known

from collections by Henry Butcher for many years. Dryadella butcheri is readily

recognized by the very small habit and small, spotted flowers with caudate sepals,

flabellate petals, and an uncinate-winged column. The columnar processes are

similar to those of the much larger D. cuspidata of lowland, eastern Ecuador.

Dryadella clavellata Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin clavellatus, “clubbed,” referring to the sepaline tails.

5 ants Pi oe ‘Pais 1 Lal 9a te oO ok

sepalorum

& o ¥ E F F £ |

? th a . nee 7 Tati in 1 Lh ree +. 5 -« -

ery small, epiphytic, densely caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, 1.5-2 mm long, en-

closed by 2-3 thin, loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, thickly coriaceous, ellipsoid, subacute to obtuse, 8-

14 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

13 mm long, 4 mm wide, 2 mm thick, cuneate below into the sessile base. Inflorescence a congested,

le 1-2 mm long, enclosed by a

sheath, from | th icaul; floral bracts thi imbricatng 3-4 mm long; pedicel 4-5 mm

aos 1 mm long, trialate; sepals light yellow, spotted wi rple, more or less in transverse bars

on the , subcarinate, the dorsal sepal ovate, subacute, concave, the blade 8. = = long, 2.5 mm

wide, 3-veined, contracted into a slender, terete tail, sli ightly , connate to the

x Pp te, oblique, 9 mm long, 2.75 mm

wide Schak sachet Sioa tracted i ae k, clavate tail 1 y | mm broad, w ‘ith a transverse

Hus above the d d base; petals heavily spotted with purpl - unequally subquadrate, l. 25 mm

* veined cli £28. ae 2 oh -3 feb

or gbty te erates ae ang ager lip purple, unguiculate, the blade elliptical-obo-

vate, acutely deflexed he middle, 1.5 mm I panded, 1.25 m wide, the apex roun nded, the

he h® oh. i, > - nk retrorse angles, +h. As. or below

be me, he claw bd Logos scrmmapetegages perere seeet© te mex cc giebaead

teeth, the foot 2mm ‘deg

ECUADOR: Morona-Santiago: collected near El Pangui, alt. 1000 = cultivated at Ecuagenera, Guala-

ceo, 2 Feb. 2002, A. Hirtz 8129 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer lusty. 2019

Superficially, this small species with thickly coriaceous leaves and purple-

spotted flowers, resembles the long-tailed, Brazilian Dryadella lilluputiana.

clavellata, however, is quickly distinguished by the thick, clavate tails of

the lateral sisoaiic They are reminiscent of the tails of Trichosalpinx caudata Luer

& R.Escobar and Actias luna (the luna moth). The only other noteworthy feature is

the deeply incised tip of the column into acute teeth,

Dryadella crassicaudata Luer ef, Sp. Nov:

Ety.: From the Latin crassicaudatus, * thickly caudate,” referring to ore thick ioemel tails.

Species haec D. lilliputianae (Cogn.) Luer affinis, sed s epalo: us crassioribusque

differt.

Plant small, epiphytic, densely cae lender. Ramicaul t, 2-3 mm |

: erect, ong, enclosed by

2-3 thin, seed sheaths. Leaf erect, mah c ly elliptical, semiterete, obtuse, 18-21

mm wide, 2 mm ered s below ate io Inflorescence a a congested, successive-

n long, enclosed by a bract; floral bract thin, 3-4

1 white, sparsely

ion) the tai, 2m + with the margins elisa the dorsal sepal e elliptical-oblong, concave, 6mm

gz g mm wide, eae: fe the lateral sepals for 0.5 mm to form a sepaline cup, the

vate tail ail 2. 5

475 mm long deine ad seg stoi mm long, ie: Taterel ‘Sepals ovate, pie

connate at the , the apex acute contracted inno a thickened a

= , cule, . erik petals translucent n,

a red = the pb ia subsagittate, 1.25 mm long, I cm mm wide, the apex broadly ctecns

ngs , obtuse angle above, and a broad, obtuse lobule on the | labellar margin; lip red, long-unguicu-

blade pisces bp i x broadly rounded, decurved, the base above

> lobes, the disc with a short Pair of obtuse calli below the middle,

rs claw 0.5 mm long, _— channeled, bilobulate at the base, hinged to the apex of the column-

oot; column m long, y winged above the middle, the foot thick, 1 mm long.

PERU: Amazonas: Moyabamba, collected b

Orchids, Michigan, 15 Dee ogee TSO Hele ee towered in cultivation a

(MO),C. Luerilast 16957. W“” 1/650 (Holotype: MO). Without locality, D. Bennett 6175

COLOMB

Without locali

Sept. 1981, C. Luer 6519 (SEL ae by Hubein, cultivated by B. Wirstle in Spielberg, Germany, 21

This little

regency Paha $ is similar to Brazilian Dryadella lilliputiana both florally and

ls ofthe sepals =m tere leaves. Instead of long and slender, the

<r, thick, and rigid. Alth ough the collections cited above

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 15

Dryadella crenulata (Pabst) aber dares ere . 371, 1978.

Ety.: From the Latin crenulatus, shaaRy ” ref gt pies f the blade of the lip

Plant medium in size, a angie ic, densely Ramicaul t, 1.5-2.5

long, enclosed by 2-3 thi e, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, thickly cori ;: ] y elliptical

obovat i onkacae to cok pes mm long, 6-8 mm wide, gradually d bel th

base. telaacuiee a congested, successively few-flowered raceme borne by a peduncle 2-3 mm long,

enclosed by a sheath, from low on the ramicaul, the flowers widely spread and facing downward ; floral

sepals light green, diffusely dotted with purple, subcarinate, the dorsal sepal ovate, acute, long-caui

17 mm long Spry af tail 12 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 0.5 mm to form

a sepaline cup, the la sepals ovate, oblique, acute, long-caudate, 14 mm long includin the tai tail 9 mm

lo ong, 3. 25 mm wide, pias 0.5 mm at the base, with a o transverse callus medially above ~

white, marked w bla ck, broa rep ovate-suboblon

long, 2 mm wide, the apex broadly rounded, with a small, pn angle on the upper margin and a “hil

rounded 03-5] on the lower margin above the base; lip purple, edged in deep purple, unguiculate, the

blade ol bovate, has = mm Mbshe. 1. 75 mm ha bug apex broadly rounded, denticulate, the base above the

claw sc with a pair of low, rounded lamellae below the middle

from the basal lobules, the claw 0.75 mm eky channeled, bilobulate at the base, hinged to the apex of

the column-foot; column green suffused with rose, 2 mm long, with denticulate wings above the middle,

the foot equally long, thick with the apex of the ovary.

BRAZIL: Espirito Santo: Munic. of Domingos Martins, flowered in cultivation 7 Oct. 1975, R. Kautsky

s.n. (Holotype: HB). Without locality, imported by B. Wiirstle from G. Pabst, flowered in cultivation in

Spielberg, Germany, 7 Sept. 1981, C. Luer 6469 (SEL)

This Brazilian species is easily identified by the long-caudate sepals of down-

ward-facing flowers. The straight tail of the dorsal sepal points forward horizontal-

ly, while the tails of the lateral sepals decurve upward behind the flower. The dark

purple margin of the lip is denticulate as well as the wings of the column.

ads ape nda cristata Luer & R. aati py Orquideologia 15: 126, 1982.

Ety.:

e Latin cristatus, tal

Plant small, epiphytic, densely Ramicauls erect, 6-12 mm at BEG partially

enclosed by 2-3 thin, loose, tubular sheaths. pie hy pee coriaceous, narrowly elliptical, subacute,

18-40 mm long, 4-6 mm wide, gradually narrowed below to the base. Inflorescence a solitary flower

borne successively in a congested raceme by a peduncle 3 mm long, enclosed by a thin, acuminate

sheath, pegde od the base of the ramicaul; floral bracts thin, acuminate, imbricating, 3-6 mm long;

pedicel ong; ovary 2 mm long, trialate; sepals greenish, diffusely marked with purple, mostly in

tiny parse ws aa aed dorsal sepal ovate, concave, acute, thickened at the apex, 9 mm long, 5 mm

wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 1-2 mm to form a sepaline cup, the lateral sepals ovate, oblique,

shortly acute, 8mm oo, 4. 5-5 mm wide, connate at the base, with a transverse callus above

the d db marked with dark purple, subsagittate, 3.5-4 mm long, 3.5

mm wide, with oblique, bt inal les ab b iculat verrucose externally, with

a thin th in; lip dark purple, long nguiculate, the | blade ringe acer 2.5 mm

jong, 2.25 mm wide, he apex bray obtuse -retuse. Aaa with a pair of

tha sige pair of diverging calli from the bases

of the lobules, the on Imm long, acta at the rat werge? channeled longitudinally, hinged to

the apex of the column-foot; column green, , 2.5 mm long, longitudinally undulate-

winged in the distal J ewosthiets: the foot bright rose, equally long.

COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca: Alto de El Militar, collected by J. Miranda in 1977, flowered in cultiva-

tion by Amalia Lehmann de Sarria i in Popayén, 26 July 1978, R Escobar 1 re (Holotype: JAUM; Iso-

type: SEL), C. Luer illustr. 2984. i O).

This species is uncommon, known aly from a few detections from southern

Colombia. In habit it is indistinguishable from the frequent and sympatric Dryadella

simula. The flowers of the two species are also of similar size and with spotted,

ovate, slightly acuminate sepals, but D. cristata can be distinguished by the sagittate

at are verrucose externally with a deep purple crest. The lips and columns

of the two are also similar.

16 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Dryadella cuspidata Luer & Hirtz, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76: 160,

ok the Latin cuspidatus, “cuspidate,” referring to the pair of triangular, toothlike processes

of the column.

Plant medium in size to large for the genus, or. densely apanged roots slender. Ramicauls

erect, 6-12 mm long, enclosed by 2-3 thin, loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, c riaceous, narrowly line-

ar-elliptical, subacute to acute, 4-6. 5.5 cm long, 5-6 mm wide, gradually showed below to the base.

eduncle 1-2 mm long, enclosed by a

sheath, from low on the ramicaul; floral bracts thin, imbricating, 5-6 mm jee pedicel 3-4 mm long;

ovary | mm long, tri , subcarinate, the dorsal sepal oblong,

acute, concave, 9-10 mm Jong including the tail 4-5 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, connate to the lateral se sepals

for , oblique, acute, 9mm long including the ee 5

mm long, 3 mm wide. connate 0.$ 1 bas

petals translucent, ed mm se 2 5 mm et the Se broadly rounded, with the upper

gin

brown, unguiculate, Mak chiplcsl. $7 denne Foes a base above the

claw with a pair of acute, Hesse lobules, the disc with a pair of low calli below the pie the at

Imm at the base, concave, hinged to the ls nao of hg Column-foot; ¢ mn 3m

long, with a pair of d 2, tria ly equally te

ECTIARNYD. wa

, epiphytic in forest along the new road betw

Meniezand Moron a alt. 950 m, 18 Jan. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, P. Jesup, A. Jesup & A. Hirtz 13977

(Holotype: MO). Napo: Ri ‘o Jatunyacu west of Tena, alt. 600 m, 21 Feb: 1982, C. Luer & A. Hirtz 6920

(SEL); 5 Rio fo Jatunyacu above esata alt. 6 650 /m, A. Hirtz & S. Ortega 5373 (MO). Zamora-Chinchipe:

. 1990, F L Stevenson 9]-424-] (MO).

This species occurs on the lower, eastern slopes of the Andes of southern

Ecuador. Superficially, it resembles Dryadella simula, but D. cuspidata is distin-

guished by long-caudate sepals; petals with an obliquely triangular lobe on the

lower margin that overhangs the callus of bee: lip; and the column with a pair of

prominent, acute, descending, toothlike lobe

gee ella dodsonii Luer, Monogr. Syst. Dot. ie. Missoni Bot. pat, 76: 161, 1999.

Evy: Named in honor of Calaway H. Dodson w Overed this spec

; Spiphytic, repent, the rhizome scening suberect, 2 mm long

between ramicauls: — oe: Ramicauls asc ascending, 2-3 mm long, enclosed by 2-3 thin, loose,

t, narrow a ie late,

Bradually narrowed ‘ert to Male ei cae sieht sun long. 2 wide, 1 ers,

rescence

ram long: pedi amicaul; floral bract thin, inflated, 3

= a aww 1.5 mm long; ovary mm long, cellular-glandular; sepals yellow, diffusely dotted with

3.5 mm long, 2 mm pares and veins praia’ "War glandular externally, the dorsal s sepal oblong, concave,

L » connate to the lateral

og 25 nm vie te 1 mm to "0 ems pn Saping sepaline cup, the lateral se sepals broadly o ovate, oblique, 3 mm

with Mp contracted j into a tail 3 mm long, connate at the base of 0.75 mm,

owes, . ve tom long,2 —s base; petals translucent yellow, dotted with red, transversely

lower margin at the base okha ey wide, the apex transversely obtuse use, with an obtuse angle on the

the rounded apex reflexed, 2 oa cates; lip light brown, long-unguiculate, the blade subquadrate,

middle, the claw 1.5 mm long, wii the disc with a se of low, conical calli below the

column-foot; column slender, 2 mm long, BO aaly. hinged to the apex of the

equally long.

base, channeled lon

erose, the foot channeled longitudinally winged above the middle with the margins

ECUADOR: R: Esmeraldas: ep; in moss

m, collected by C. H. reg god Williams Feige on est of Lita toward perl oeaes ak. 220

Aug. 1991, C,H. Dodson 18 ten, flowered in cultivation at Rio Palenque, 15

ion. ¢ Biee A Hirt et al. 15580 (MO), °MO)-C:Luer iste 19527; same area, al 300 mr

OMBIA: Valle del Buena)

naventura, Quebrada Y, :

ventura, alt. 50 m, 9 May 1997, 7 7 Otero & B. Angulo C. enpoes ier nenteee Ci and Buca

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 17

This little species, superficially resembling a species of Pachyphyllum, was

found growing in deep moss in lowland northwestern Ecuador where the rainfall is

exceedingly great. Dryadella dodsonii is distinguished by the repent, ascending,

suberect to erect habit with suberect, slender leaves two millimeters wide. The

peduncle and pedicel of the tiny flower are extremely short, placing the flower at

the bottom of a leaf. The sepals are spotted, with slender tails about as long as the

blade, and the broad, flabellate petals are extremely short. The lip is not remarkable.

Dryadella dressleri Luer, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76: 162, 1999.

Ety.: Named in honor of Dr. Robert L. Dressler, formerly of the Smithsonian Tropical Research

Institute in Balboa, _— Zone, who discovered many new species during his many years in

oe incl

ing this on

Plant small, epiphytic, scsi secret mots slender. Ramicauls erect, 1-3 mm long, enclosed by

2-3 thin, loose, ng sheaths. Leaf er jer trebenge subacute to

obtuse, 15-35 mm long, 5-6 mm wide, gradually dt th

a solitary eee: b ly i 1 duncle 1-2 mm long, Sie bya

sheath, veoh 1; fl imbricating, : 3 mm long; pedicel 1-1.5 mm ytd

ovary | mm long, trialate; sepals greenish, diffusely

dorsal sepal ar concave, subacute, acuminate imo a a short tail, 6.5-7 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, con-

nate to the lateral pA for 1 mm “ Gis a sepaline cup, the lateral sepals ovate, oblique, acute, acu-

_— aa 5 mm long, 2.5- 3 mm wide, barely cage at the base, with a “pam aeerer callus above the

tals greenish brown, subquadrate, sagittate, 2 mm long wide, the apex obtuse,

decu e; pe

chase oe) on both margins below the apex; lip orange-brown, ig aia mbes the blade ee!

rate, the sides and apex reflexed, 1.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the apex broadly rounded, the base abo

c claw with a pair of acute lobules directed posteriorly, the ‘disc with a low rounded pair of calli a

the claw flanking a a. deep, central sulcus, the claw 0.5 mm long, bilobulate at the base, channeled longitu-

init ok g pex of the colu mn-foot; co lumn green, marked with purple, 2 mm long, longitu-

din g rictal i If, th ng.

PANAMA: Canal Zone: in forest oo Rio Piedras near Col6n, alt. ca. 100 m, collected by R.L.

Dressler, at in cultivation in Balboa, 18 Feb. 1985, C. Luer 10627 a, MO); Quebrada

Lépez, alt. 30 1 Feb. 1940, P.H. Allen 2115 (MO); re Rita tae near Col6n 100 m, collect-

ed by FL acieh flowered in Headend in Chamblee, GA, 26 Jan. 1975, C. vae SO0B (SEL).

Colén: road to Puertobelo, Rio Gaunche, 6 Oct. 1975, J.T. kde & F. Witherspoon 8682 (MO).

Panama: along the Llano-Carti pag or '500 m, 2 Dec. 1983, C. Luer, J. Luer, H. Butcher & A. Maduro

9216 (SEL).

This species, apparently confined to the lowlands of central Panama, is most

closely related to Dryadella sororcula from western Panama and Central America.

The habit is small, but the transversely banded flowers are nearly as large as those

of the similar D. simula from the Andes. The three sepals are narrowly ovate and

more or less thickly caudate, the tails almost as long as the blades. The sagittate

petals are similar to those of D. sororcula. The characteristic lobule below the apex

of the petal of D. simula is not present. In common with D. sororcula the blade of

the lip is deeply channeled centrally between low, rounded calli.

Dryadella edwallii (Cogn.) Luer, Selbyana 2: 208, 1978.

Bas.: Masdevallia edwallii pat Fi. Bras. 3(4): 553, 1906.

Ety.: Named in honor of G. Edwall who discovered this s ane

Plant medium in size for the —_— epiphytic, densel

14 mm long, enclosed by 2-3 thin, tubular sheaths. Leaf e erect, more or less suffused with purple, coke

coriaceous, us, tnear-elpical shinee 2.5-4.5 cm long, 3-5 mm wide, narrowed below to the base. In-

fl ongested, successively few-flowered raceme borne by a peduncle 3-4 mm long, mostly

— fun a Fit at the base, from near the apex of the ashe floral bract thin, 5-10 mm td

§-25 mm long; ovary 3-4 mm long, trialate; sepals ye or yellow-orange, diffusely spotted

18 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

with purple or brown, the dorsal sepal ovate, concave, the blade 7-8 mm long, 5 mm wide, the apex

stemtarranaelbonasin, sereseoy on me long, connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm to

form a sepaline cup, the lateral sepals ov: ate, oblique, the blade 7 mm long, 4.5 mm wide, the apex acute,

smite he 5-9 ne, se, connate 1 mm at

i with I transversely sagittate, a adi mm vane. = 5 mm

. Ei

ab ‘. +. ike

tUwalu

it ip or Tongue the blade obovate-orbicular, 3, 5 mm long, 3 mm bat he apex

disc with a

pair of angled calli diverging from the base of the claw, the claw 15 mm long, concave, bilabuleee at the

base, hinged to the apex of the column-foot ; column ye yellow. with purple, 4 mm long, longitudi-

aay i.) é cf =

BRAZIL: Sao : Campos da aia Comm. Geogr. & Geol. 2302) G. Edwall 2302 (Holotype:

BR; Isotype K); Serra da Bocaina, alt. 1800 m, 24 Apr. 1951, A. aye Brade 21142, 21143 (RB); Serra do

Mar, Carvalho, 7 Nov. 1911, P. Dusén 13322 (S); Serra do Mar Monte, Alegro, alt. 900 m oo Nov

1910, P. Dusén 10850 (S); same area, 3 Nov. 1911, F Dusén pons ); same area, 16 Nov. 1915, P.

Dusén 17334 (S, K); Ypiranga, Serra do Mar, 2 Nov. 1909, P. Dusén 6970 (HBG, S); Alto . Serra,

Loijes, alt. 900 m, 30 Oct. 1962, Reite « & Klein 13924 (B).. Parana: Caiguava, alt. 900-

1200 m, 19 Noy. 1909, P. Dusén 8987 (NY, S); Piraquara, Serra do Emboque, alt. 1200 m, 3 Dec. 1970,

G. Hatschbach 25749 (K); Sio José dos Pinhais, Rio Pequeno, alt. 900 m, 5 Nov. 1969, G. Hatschbach

22850 (MO); Sio José dos Pinhais, Zinco, 11 Nov. 1911, R. Kummrow 2082 ales. Rio de Janeiro:

without locality, A. Glaziou 17802 (K); A. Glaziou s.n. (BR ). Santa Catarina: Pildes, Palhoga, alt. 350

m, 6 Sept. 1956, Reitz & Klein 3624 (S); Rio Santa Catarina, Palhoga, Morro do Casbirels, alt. 600 m,

26 Sept. 1957, J.A. Rohr 2323 (B).

This species is well represented in living collections of orchids, probably be-

cause it freely produces comparatively large (one of the largest in the genus), long-

pedicellate, long-tailed, spotted flowers. However, it is similar to a large variation

of the variable and widely distributed Dryadella zebrina. One of the very few dif-

ferences is the larger lip, about three millimeters long and wide as compared to

about two millimeters long and wi

Dryadella elata (Luer) Luer, ee 2 oe Te

Bas.: Masdevallia elata e lata Luer, Phytologia 39: 199

aad " |,” in vehi to < iach of the ramicauls and leaves compared

Plant large for the genus, epiphytic, densel

y Caespitose; roots slender. R

cng Petals cxciond by 2-3 thin, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, fleshy, co aan ke ety Shave cite-

oR :

fore recent £08 wi roy cee low tbs

peteobionsne ee : Ao a pare Faceme near the apex of the ramicaul; peduncle less than 10

; red row te don Jong: Pedicel 3 mm long ovary 1.5 mm long,

: elliptical-obo , acute, concave, 6

ont da Yrehegsn to the lateral sepals for less than 1 mm to form a sepaline cup, = lateral

the base, pitty chins sti bese; -4 mm long, 2 mm wide, with a transverse callus above

25 mm aod a red-brown, ee needa ped long,

st nw br margin; upper margin, with a broad, su

mm long, 1.5 m et ane oe long-unguiculate, the sr qn Bi 1.5

Pr a nip aps ticulate, the base abov ve the claw with a pair of acute

claw | mm h

wenh ong. at ei aly lignd channeled Ik longitudinally, hinged to the apex of the

on each PRT eed ree the foot Senin ¥ winged above the middle with an acute tooth

ECTIANDOR.- ws. as

Luer, J. pie c. Quevedo and Puerto Viejo, alt. ca. 500 m,

page (Holotype: SEL) — Dan 1977, flowered in cultivation 29 Oct. 1977, C. Luer

1942, O. Haught 3123 23 (AMES, US), C Lariat “enna near Pedro Carbo, alt. ca. 100 m, 3 Jan

This s apparently end

where it pets found at a fe inthe low, coastal areas of Meter Ecuador

with the rather stout, elo yh w times, Vegetatively, it is large for the genus

negated ramicauls and narrow leaves. The small, orange,

ll lll

—

Se ee ee ee ee Eel ee ee ee eS ie ee ee a ee ee . a ae a) eee

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 19

red-spotted flowers are produced singly on short peduncles and pedicels in a fasci-

cle near the apex of the ramicaul. The apices of the sepals are acute without forming

tails. The petals are proportionately large with a prominent lobe on the lower mar-

gin. The rounded apex of the lip is fimbriate

= any was chosen the type of the ecm! because at the time that the genus

w ed, the types of the two oldest known species (Dryadella aviceps and D.

deine ahd were sequestered at AMES.

Dryadella espirito-santensis Heel ct beetiees - bogs 1978.

Bas.: Masdevallia espirito-santens.

Ety.: Named for Espirito Santo, ae state dretaree the hea was imc

Plant relatively large for the genus, epiphytic, densely caespitose ; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, 1-

1.5 cm long, aad by thin, tubular s' s. Leaf erect, coriaceous, narrowly linear-elliptical, acute,

up to 7- ths cm mm lon a 6-8 mm wide, narrowly eset ete to the base. Inflorescence a a possibly

solitary flower; peduncle unknown; pedicel unknown

spots, Wisbchitoas aoaaaees densely ghididies-blapibies within, the dorsal _ broadly pont

ne 8 mm | ong, 5 ma m wide, subscute, wa jdong caudate

epaline cu vate, , oblique, estimated 8 mm I ong, 4 mm wi ide, ve

mete & cane e, with r HH petals bp ewes = oe granular-

pubescent, more or less oblong bule ab 1.5 mm wide, the

apex maaan rounded; lip ee caer the ener ovate, renee, vicar, 2m mm wide, probably 3

mm long, entire, the base above the exe pita ap tera acute, ret b

the claw, the claw 2 mm long, 0.4 mm wi ength of the lip 5. 5 mm long, hinged to the

apex of the column-foot; column | mm snk aad asd dae above the middle.

BRAZIL: Espirito Santo: Redentor, near Pedra Azul, alt. 1200 m, 25 Sept. 1972, R. Kautsky 381

(Holotype: HB)

This species, unfortunately known from only the type-collection that is now lost,

has unique features not found in other species. The leaves exceed 10 centimeters,

and are nearly one centimeter broad. The inflorescence appears to be very short and

single-flowered. Most remarkable, the sepals and petals are densely granular-

pubescent, the apices of the sepals are shortly caudate, and the oblong petals have a

descending lobule above the middle. The lip does not seem remarkably different

from most others. The accompanying illustration of the flower is a revision of the

sketch published by Pabst.

Dryadella fuchsii Luer, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76: 162, 1999.

Ety.: Named in honor of the late Fred Fuchs, Jr. of Naranja, Florida, who so generously shared his

many collections

ic, densely pi ts slender. Ramicauls erect, 3-5 mm — rages i

2-3 thin, loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf dark

ceous, narrowly linear-obovate, subacute to acute, “15-27 1 mm om Lape ne an ill-defined pied 5. 8

mm long, 3-4 mm wide, gradually narrowed below i into the Petiol le. Inflorescence a successive flower

borne by a peduncle 1-2 mm long, Fos low 1 bracts thin, speckled se purple, 2

mm long; pedicel 2-3 mm long; ovary | mm long, tricostate; ‘sepals light green, with tran verse, purple

spots, subcarinate, the dorsal sepal oblong-ovate, acute, acuminate into a short tail, 5 es te ——

the tail 1.5-2 mm long, 2 mm wide, barely connate to the lat he lateral

sepals broadly ovate, oblique, obtuse. 4 into a tail 1-1.51 gy long, a 5 mm long including the

tail, 2.25 mm wide, barely connate at the base, tra

translucent green, press with purple, saboblowg 1.75 mm long, LS mm wide, the apex broadly

obtuse, with the u o ly angled, and gin; pei brown-

ish green, Gighi-eieaes the blade elliptical-oblong, 1.25 mm lone. ‘1.25 mm wide tiaad he apex

rounded, deflexed, the base above the claw acutely angled, the with a small pair of ac a erkne

calli just below the middle, the claw broad, 0.5 mm long, eda ha bilobulate at the base, concave,

hinged to the apex of the column-foot; column mottled with purple, 2 mm long, longitudinally winged

ve the middle, the foot equally long.

20 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

HON on , collected by F. Fuchs, ee 31 Aug. 1981, C. Luer

pare <m , 16 Mar. 1923, O. Ames II 206 (AMES).

6450 (Holotype: SEL). Atlantida: near Tela,

ys. Santa Cruz Pe ha pate alt. 2,000 ft., 14 Nov. NG HB B. Bawords 593 (AMES) Gracias a Dio:

along Rio Platano near capo isaer> 6,F s.s.n. (SEL).

NICARAGUA It. 750 m, A. Heller 6972 (SEL). Zelaya: Cerro Mustn,

alt. 900 m, A. Heller 5081 Ho Granada: eis of Volcan Mombacho, alt. 1200 m, J. Atwood &

Neill 7042 (MO).

EL SALVADOR: Morazan, Perquin-Sabanetas, alt. 1700 m, Mar. 1965, O. Pank s.n. (?), Hamer 155;

same locality, alt. 1750 m, H. Hein s.n. (?), Hamer 424.

COSTA : Guanacaste: Los near Tilardn, alt. 500-700 m, 21 Jan. 1926, P.-C. Standley & J.

RICA Ayotes,

Valerio 45606 (AMES); Vicinity of Tilarén, alt. 500-650 m, 10-31 Jan. 1926, P.C. Standley & J. Valerio

44411 (AMES).

This species is relatively frequent in Central America, and customarily it has

been identified as a small variation of the Andean Dryadella simula. It is distin-

guished from the latter by a much smaller habit shy slender leaves less than three

centimeters long; smaller, short-stemmed flowers; shortly tailed sepals; petals with

an acute angle on the lower margin instead of the typical lobule; and a lip with a

small pair of acute, antrorse calli just below the middle.

Dryadella gnoma Ge) tare. Selbyana 2: 208, 1978.

Bas.: Pleurothallis gnoma Luer, Selbyana 3: 110, 1976.

~ From the Ne epi “a dwarf,” in reference to evage habit.

yn.: Dryadella misasii Luer & R.Escobar, Orquideologia 13: 141, 1979, syn. no

ee: Named for Dr. Guillermo Misas U. of Medellin, pei who discovered this species.

small, epiphytic, densely caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, 3-6 mm lon 1

g, enclosed by

re Ao . imbricating, tubular sheaths. Leaf erec: erect, coriaceous, narrowly linear-obovate, acute to subacute,

mm long, 2.5-5 mm wide, gradually narrowed below to the base. Inflorescence a solitary flower

ively hogs st 2 mango oy a peduncle less than 1 mm long, with a bract

. ‘ bracts -4 mm long; pedicel 2-3 mm long; ovary 1-1.5

ice og green, the dorsal sepal ovate, concave, acute, 5-7 mm lon ong, 2.5 mm wide, connate

2 lateral sepals for | mm to form a sepaline cup, the lateral seals ovate, oblique, obtuse, abruptly

deere 4-6 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, with a poorly defined transverse callus above the base,

connate | mm at the base; petals translucent yellow, marked Aes neat iidichti-daniucee. 2.5-3 mm

fused or re with dark purple, unguiculate, of aa long, | mm wide, the apex

sepa ea a yaa ve the claw, the disc concave, channeled from the claw,

oot; column green, suffused with purple, 2 mm long, kaos Be tes Peep tke cohmmn-

lots sth nies pec wbgteaic , nally winged on the di , denticu-

ECTIADOD. nN,

alt. ca. 600 m, 26 July 1975, C.

Alita in aay SL) Bere st alt. popes . Apr. 1990, A. Hirtz 483] G00k Cabanas

PERU: Pou Carabaya, Colinoso. head vaneless Hinz & x Hing 5341 (MO).

(MO). © Candamo, alt. 800 m, 14 Nov. 1996, F Cornejo &

COLOMBIA: Chocé:

cabivesed by 0:5 pabawn _— Alto de Nabugé, alt alt. 500 m, 9 Jan. 1975, collected by G. Misas,

1977, C. af 1869 SEL}; Rio ob Eeeober 1451 GAUM, type of D. misasii), flowered 29 Sept.

oo the Botanische pied dab cllested by H.-G. <vait Se ay 1986, flowered in

9181 (SE (SEL). fecu dare cen Fo ng 1 Dec. De 190 Lar J. he: : pee & A. Maduro

ered in cultivation 2 iniqui Grande, collected by R.L. Dressler, flow-

COSTA RICA, tie 2 Ee Cc ie 6438 (SEL). sler, flow

(SEL). Puntarenas: Buenos Aires, alt sone tit With sua” "29 Sept. 1985, 1.7. Anwood 85-22

ningen, Holland, 3 Sept. 1984, C. Luer saan by T. Mulder, flowered in cultivation in Wage-

This little species occurs local]

altitudes from Costa Rica through zy: itis widely distributed at relatively low

misasii in Colombia, and into Peru. Andes, where it was described as Dryadella

for a usual variation of the marginal It is relatively constant morphologically except

angles of the petals. The flower does not open

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 21

widely, and together with acute sepals and inconspicuous, or rudimentary transverse

calli above the base of the lateral sepals, a hallmark of the genus Dryadella, it looks

much like a Pleurothallis. The shovel-shaped lip distinguishes this species from all

others in the genus. The blade is oblong, subtruncate, and superficially channeled,

neither carinate nor deflexed near the middle. The basal angles of the blade above

the claw are either obtuse or acute.

Dryadella od yy Waathy Sea (Pabst) Luer, peloaas 2: 208, 1978.

Ety.: Named for Augusto Burle Gomes-Ferreira, who cultivated the species.

Bas.: Masdevallia gomes-ferreirae Pabst, Tinaiea 2(10): 51, 1975.

Plant small, epiphytic, densely caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 1-2 mm long,

enclosed by 2-3 thin, loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, thickly coriaceous, narrowly elli —— subacute,

3.5-4 cm long, 5 mm wide, 2 mm thick, gradually narrowed Ail to an Ai nas petiole ca. 0.5 long.

Inflorescence a single flower, produced successively, borne by a peduncle 1-2 mm 9 enclosed by a

bract, hae low on ye bag floral bract thin, 3 mm ret pedicel ey S- cf mm — Lge triquetrous,

1 mm long; sepals ye p , conca subcarinate 5

mm ie including a ai tail 1.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide expai to the | fe

mm to form a sepaline cup, the hi X subacute, , thickened, aaa into the tail, the lateral sepals 9 ovat,

oblique, > rm long, 2.25 Bish

petals translucent yellow, irregu-

larly spotted with purple, senda enna nad Canis brsey r 5 mm long, 1.75 mm wide, with

rounded lobules on either margin below the apex; lip yellow, unguiculate, the blade Pe5, 1.5mm

long, 1.5 mm wide, decurved near the oe the ane broadly rounded, the base above the claw with a

pair of acute, retrorse lobules, the disc a pair of erect, acute lamellae Ao aptes: sin the reg

the claw 0.5 mm long, shallowly pombe, er hk at the base, hinged to rik of the colum

foot; column green, 2 mm long, winged above the middle, the foot thick, 2 mm |

BRAZIL: Pernambuco: without locality, collected by Severino Parasita, flowered i in the enilectipa: ot

A.B. Gomes-Ferreira 294 (Holotype in liquid: HB, lost). Without collection data, i

Munich Botanical Garden, cultivated in Tarporley, England, 1999, by S. Manning 961021 (MO), C. Luer

illustr. 19272

This inch is poorly known. The specimen described and illustrated herein is

near the original description, and it is identified and cultivated as Dryadella gomes-

ferreira in the Munich Botanical Garden. There is no single distinctive character;

further study is needed.

Dryadella stephens Soto Arenas, Salazar & Solano, Icones Orch. (Mex.)

pts. 2-3: pl. 550, 2

Ety.: Named in honor re Edward Warren Greenwood (1918-2000), of Ottawa, Canada, but long-time

resident of Oaxaca, Mexico,

Plant very small, epiphytic, ascending to densely caespitose; foots fleshy. Ramicauls erect, 3-4 mm

long, pace lea by 2-3 thin, loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, t ellipsoid, subacute to

obtuse, 11-15 mm long, 4. 5 mm wide, 2mm thick, cuneate below into the sessile base.

congested, successively fe Tew a pedun ncle 2-3 mm long, enclosed by a ay

from low on the ramicaul; floral bracts thin, imbricating, 3 mm long; pedicel 4 mm long; awd 4 der

long, | mm wake trialate; sepals yellow-green, heavily marked with dark purple, fleshy, subcari

dorsal sepal pep be acute, concave, y mm long, 2. 5 mm wide at the base, 3-veined, eae +e ve

te-triangular, oblique, acute, 4.25

m long, 1.75 mm wide, 3-veined, connate 0. 5 mm at the base, with a transverse callus above the de-

oad base; petals heavily marked with purple, suboblong, subhastate, 1.25 mm long, | mm wide, 2-

veined, slightly thickened on ateet side pie: ~~ ears - — broadly obtuse, ae margins with a

Bn dull hovate fe acute ety de de g.

se near the middle, 1.5 mm long ‘expanded, |. mm wide, the ap led, th

a pair o of obtuse, angles, th the disc ae i pair of b ] Il middle, the claw

va 0.75 mm long, bilobulate at the base, concave, e, hinged to the apex of the cohen foot; column

reen, 1.5 mm long, winged from below the middle, irregularly incised

middle, the foot 1.75 mm long.

22 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

MEXICO lan and Judérez-TAlea de C. alt. 2000 m, 25 Mar. 2000, culti-

vated 2 Ju ani. M. aieaueaande sake

GU hy ta Cruz, San José Sais collected by Julio Fonseca, alt. 2100 m, June

cultivated by Moises Behar 163 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 20188.

EL. SALVADOR: ?

rare, very small species with thickly coriaceous leaves is similar vegetative-

ly to Dryadella dressleri and D. sororcula; all the other tiny, thick-leaved species

are found in South America. It is known from only one collection in Mexico and

ome collection i in Guatemala. A drawing by Fritz Hamer in the Orchids of El Sal-

pecies, but the whereabouts of this specimen

are pegaihsens if it exists atall.

The flowers of South American D. lueriana are extremely similar. The dorsal

sepal is simply subacute without a tail, while the lateral sepals are triangular and

acute, The petals are obtusely hastate, and the calli on the lip are low and rounded.

Prete Euntemalensis (Schit.) Luer, oe 2: 208, 1978.

Bas.: Masdevallia guatemalensis Schltr., R pec. Nov. Regni Veg. 15: 201, 1918.

Ety.: : Named for Guatemala, the country of Cite trae the species.

Bp po yee simula var. guatemalensis (Schitr.) Kraenzl Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih.

Syn. (probable): Masdevall, raga, Acta Amazon. 7: 333, 1978.

pe -:. poud reba arena Garay & Dunst. Orchid. Venez. Ill. Field Guide

sets asic large for the genus, epiphytic, densel

. A y caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect,

10-20 mm long, a Pec by 2-3 thin, tubular sheaths. Leaf imes dotted

narrow’

5 , tricrested;

be or purple, the dorsal sepal elliptical-ovate, acute, slightly acuminate, c

mim wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 1-2 mm th

oblique, Y acuminate. acuminate, acute, 6.5-8.5 mm long. 3: “phohine

pepe hore : ep ny connate at the bases: yellow pore wi

mm 2.5-3 mm broad

wih shauna akan bee sae the apex ly obtuse, obtusely

oncave, 7-9 mm long,

coho orm a Sepa cup, the lateral sepals ovate,

. ; angle on llar margin; lip green, suffused and s tted

oe purple, long-unguiculate, the Pet er nhigae pont 2.25-3 mm long, 2.25-2.75 mm sie. the

with ath nate of acute directed posteriorly, the disc

ci he low yregracs, Sopa sh from the bases of the lobules, the claw. 1 ce pa mm phy bilo-

Purple 2-3 mm long winged above the niga’ ite wane ae of the column-foot; column spotted with

GUATEMALA: utely erose, the foot 2-2.5 mm long.

Isotypes: AMES, G)s ane 350m, , Dee. the. orn a Aon ton Tirckheim 11 490 (Holotype: W:

350 m, June 1904, H. von Tiirckhein 1903, H. eriecverses 11490 ep Cubilguitz, alt.

Luer Cobén, collected collected by tee Teae an Coie 350 m, Oct. 1906, H. von Tiirckheim

1 5847 (SEL): Sachic ered in pilin ia Cee watemala, 19 Feb. 1981, C.

Feb. 1990, C. Luer | as bas x 0 collected by by H. Ibafiez, flowered in cultivation in Coban, 14

(AMES). Veracruz: Ocorceitl, Sade Ocote, alt. 600 m, 27 Aug. 1972, D.E. Breedlove 27525

Marta,

Volcan Santa alt. 300

cultv m, collected b

ey ks 198] g1.¢. Luer 6423 (SE) 3 (SEL), by R.L. Dressler, July 1980, flowered in

without

ese ane and Atarrazi, Santa Maria, ca. 1867, A. Endres 564 (W);

Luer 5285 (SEL), Wane prea chatacters Switzerland, 31 May 1980, C.

COLOMB : Chocé: Bahia

Ceja, 30 Sept. 1977. C Ler 1873 aie 00 canivaton by Mt. &O. Robledo at La

flowered in in cultivation a ce iercersony

Garten Heidelberg, 1

(holotype of i osmariana: INPA and ltacoatiara, Apr 1976, OP Mentiens & J. Ramos 675

Tomy Fe — Ah a ee a at Ee ee rl

SP ee

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 23

About 1860, Endres illustrated this species and suggested the name “‘Masdeval-

lia tigrina.’’ Not being described as Masdevallia guatemalensis until 1918, it has

proved to be widely distributed in wet forests at low altitudes from Mexico and

Guatemala oer the Choc6é of Colombia. A plant collected in Amazonian Brazil

described as M. osmariniana could represent a disjunct distribution of D. guatema-

lensis. Although distinct with the very long, narrow leaves, D. guatamalensis has

been confused with Andean D. simula with much shorter and broader leaves.

Except for the shape of the petals, the flowers of the two species are superficially

similar. The petals of D. guatamalensis lack the obliquely truncate apex with the

lobule on the labellar margin seen in D. simula. Study of fresh material is needed.

peta hirtzii Luer, hike “ 346, 1980.

ander C. Hirtz of een Ecuador.

as think

e. Ramicauls

erect, 15-28 mm long, enclosed by . 3 ‘thin, loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, EY eats with purple

erie the wa} coriaceous, , BESKINGY © linear-obovate, acute, 45- 95 mm long, 5-6 mm wide, gradually

arrowed below to the base

wi peduncles 1 mm long, near the apex of the ramicaul; floral bract thin, 5-6 mm long; pedicel 5-6 mm

ted ieee tbe gees pine pan — spotted with vee the hte? wd aie ovate, wie peal

nate, , subcarinate, 9 mm long, 5 mm wide, c to the la sepals for 1 to form

spain Sb: er Tateral sepals civeepng pusticaiaic, ovate, c, oblique, cade mg mm long, 35, 5 mm ary

; petals yellow, marked with purple,

petangulr, 2 pe : nine m long, 2 mm wide, . the apex obliquely truncate, obtusely — on the upper re

with an

the middle; ile: lip yellow, diffusely marked with red, i, long-unguiculate, i pean elena dea widest re

wa middle, 2. 5 mm m lon ong, 3 mm wide, the apex rounded, eet undulate, the base abov ve the claw with a

ly, the disc with a

ie lobules, the claw 1.5 oe long, bilobulate at the base, lightly channeled longitudinally, hinged to the

apex — coms umn- foot; co im green, marked with purple, 3 mm long, longitudinally winged in the

distal tw y 5 mm long.

ECUADOR: Pichinch fe Rio Silante, alt. 2000 m, 28 ryt eA flowered

in cultivation 21 Feb. 1980, C. ‘Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 5199 (Holotype: SEL); sou Mojanda, Ma

Ute A. Hirtz 1796 (MO); above Tandapi, alt. 2300 m, July 1984, A. Hirtz 182] noe veaeik Calacali

Los Bancos, alt. 2000 m, 19 Oct. 1999, Linder Suin et al. 364 (MO, )

This species is apparently endemic in north-central Ecuador. Except for its

larger habit, it is similar to the frequent Dryadella simula. Consul Lehmann, as

quoted by Woolward in her 1896 monograph on Masdevallia, undoubtedly had this

species in mind when he said that a long-leaved variation of D. simula grew on the

western slopes of Mt. Corazén near Quito. It is distinguished by the ascending

habit with thick roots and much longer leaves. The flowers of the two species are

of similar size and color, but the lateral sepals of D. hirtzii are triangular and widely

spread. The petals and lip are also similar, but the blade of the lip is widest below

the middle while the blade of D. simula is widest above the middle.

‘cad t large for the genus, epiphy

— kautskyi ee ope Selbyana 2: —_ 1978.

Bas.: Masdevallia kautskyi Pabs Bradea 1: 330, 197

“ty.:

/ ci

all, epiphytic, densely c i lender. Rami der, erect, 5-8

mm dove pane by 2-3 hin, loose, ., tubular sh . Leaf erect, thickly coriaceous, eoied with

20983 orp se linear, semiterete, acu te, 2-4. 5, - om ong 1.5- 4 mm wide, AL 5 m thick, eeeny

rrowed belo’ the base. I in a congested, few-

flowered raceme, “bore ed a | peduncle Imm long. with a bract, from low on the ‘ramicaul; floral bract

thin, quetrous, 1 mm long; sepals yellow, dotted with brown

or neat the dorsal sepal ovate, concave, subcarinate, vend mm er including a thick tail 2 mm long, 3

mm 3 1 mm to form a sepaline cup, the apex acute,

di the tail. the | ] 1 te, oblique, oboe 5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, with a ea)

llus above the decurved base connate 1 mm at the base, the margins cellular erose; pe

24 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

se, 1.75 mm long, 2

mm wie wit an | obtuse, m more ore or less sph mi on the henscaie poargin of the sigbx: with a larger,

ng-unguiculate, the blade oblong-

obovate, 2 mm long, 1 3 mm wide, deflexed near the middle, the apex broadly eres tag margin cellu-

lar-erose,

sc with a pair of

sal 1 fl from the lobul » the claw 1 mm long Trango aocele bilobulate

oe ,

at the base. hinged to th - lumn-foot;

mg eit nei 4 Se ot a catna Shik Fink Sinemed

BRAZIL: Espirito Santo: Domingos Martins, Sed dhes 30 Oct. 1972, R. Kautsky 381 (Holotype:

HB; Isotype: AMES); Venda Nova, Pedra Azul, al 1000 m, collected 1986 by Waldyr Endsfeldz,

flowered i in cultivation i in Sio Paulo, 25N 1589, 3 ai cf Sag without locality, flowered in

rboonen, 30 Nov. 1989, C. Luer 14501 (MO).

This snes is apparently maiaie in ve had Brazil where it does not seem

to be uncommon. Dryadella kautskyi is distinguished by the very narrowly linear,

semiterete leaves; an extremely short peduncle; small, yellow flowers dotted with

purple or brown; sepals with short, thick tails, the concave dorsal sepal larger than a

lateral sepal; irregular petals usually with a rounded lobule on the lower margin of

the apex; and a lip with the rounded, anterior margin cellular-erose.

Dryadella lilliputiana (Cogn.) Luer, Selbyana 2: 208, 1978.

Bas.: Masdevallia lilliputiana Cogn Cogn., Fl Bras. 3(4): 555, 1906.

Syn: Masdevallia paranaénsis Schitr., Notizbl. Bot. Gar Bedi Dahlen 7: 268, 1918.

@9 UL! scovered.

Sit Masdevallia mello melloi Pabst, Br: Bradea 2: 169

Ety.: Named in honor of Dr. Arthur pypeital de mo a discovered this species.

Syn.: pe melloi (Pabst) Luer. 978.

ur ryadella paranaénsis (Schltr. Fa aaa 209, 1978.

prea ses Ss caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, 2-6 mm long, enclosed

more or less speckled with purple, thickly estat ovoid-

. mm wed at the

by a sheath, from low on the ;

Ovary 1.5-2 mm long, trialate; sepals transluc aie

ovate-elliptical, concave, the blade 5-6 mm

for 0.5 mm to

subclavate tal 59 a p; the apex ate Contracted into a thickened, occasionally

g, total rea 10-15 mm, the blades of the lateral sepals broadly ovate to

obtuse,

3-5 mm

mm og, al length 812mm toes ia howrsbasdee contracted into a thickened tail 5-7

with a transverse callus above the deftexed base; petals translucent

yellow-green, marked marked with

margin and red-purple, Subsagittate, the apex obtuse with an obtuse angle on the upper

lip green, marked with purple, | Mar margin, 1.75-2.5 mm long, 1.75-2 mm wide;

ong-unguiculate, the ——

apex eit, nly founded, more or less minstcly eroee, g Vat, 2-2.5 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, the

the base above the claw with a pair of

shalony ny chanel tiene 4 ieee erect calli ee the middle, the claw 0.75-1 mm long,

hinged to the apex of the column-foot; or green,

‘ long, winged above the middle, e, the foot thick, equally long.

RAZIL: Sao Paulo: iphytic

da Boccuna, alt, 1600-1709 m, 31 ‘a seis Bocaina, G. Edwall s.n (Holotype: BR); Reserva Forestal

Montiguria, alt. 1700 m, collected id ms aide “58 ¢ et al. 3037 (RB); San Francisco do Sul, Cerro de

Nov. 1989, C. Luer 14469 (MO). Without co alva Castro, flowered in cultivation j in Sao Paulo, 24

Binot,

flowered in EE salam the V t

in cultivation by P. Ay gem: . ev | ye C. Luer 14502 (MO); obtained from ¢ C. Wi ines, teers

4 Feb. 1909, P Dusén 7279, 7663 (AMES, HBG 9) ant 13805 (MO). Parané Vila Vela

B. 1918, * Dustn sn. cu HBG, Ss); collected at sing Velha, flowered in cultivation at

feres, “ec 700 m, flowered in cult B). Rio de Janeiro: pr. Pati do

melloi: be HB): Planal — 20 Jl 1975, A. de Mello MAS-10A (holotype of D.

BOLIVIA. 1, vy Paz: Nor Shes 14 Mar. 1965, §. Vogel 7 eoucest

as,

alt. 1150 m, 1 Feb. 1980, C. Luer, tj adyp: Pgh dehas as Rio Coroico, north of Yolasa,

R. Vasquez 5065 SEL).

a ee ae Cerra

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 25

This little species is widely distributed in southern Brazil, with one collection

known from Bolivia. The little flowers nestle among the dense clusters of semiter-

ete, spindle-shaped, or narrowly obovate leaves. The tails of the sepals vary be-

tween 4 and 9 millimeters in length and the tail of the dorsal sepal is sometimes

more or less thickened or cra a The petals, lip and column are not unusual

except for their very small si

Dryadella linearifolia (Ames) Luer, haope ¢ ed 1978.

Bas.: Masdevallia linearifolia Ames, Sc

Ety.: From the Latin Jinearifolius, chee linear cian gh in gets to the shape of the leaves.

Plant small, sanugs densely Pure roots slender. Ramicauls erect, 4-6 mm long, enclosed by

2-3 thin, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, sometimes spotted with purple, thickly coriaceous, narrowly linear-

elliptical, ‘semiterete, pyaeat obtuse, 25-38 mm long, 2-2. 75 mm wide, ie narrowed below to

the base , successively fi a er 2mm rat

_ near the ae of the ramicau, enclosed by a bract; floral bract thin, 2-3 mm long; pedicel 4-5 m

ong; ovary 1 mm long, tria e, spotted with ale subcarinate, -

poh sepal elliptical obovate concave, 4 mm long, 2.5 mm stile, connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm

to form a sepaline cup, the apex acute, pareigigs into a slender, green pail Zi 5 mm long, the lateral sepals

ovate, oblique, 3 mm long, 2 mm wide, , Slightly con-

tracted into a slender tail 2 mm long; petals translucent Lease spotted

with purple, subsagittate, 2 mm long, 2 mm wide, the apex broadly obtuse with an obtuse angle above

and an acute, uncinate angle on the labellar margin; lip ee pAb suffused with purple, long-

unguiculate, the blade, suborbicular, 1 5 mn jon

ih a

ly denticulate-erose with a pair

with a pair of roun nded, Hii he b f the cane re claw | mm long, ea at

the base, shallowly channeled see bey hinged to the apex of the column-foot; column green

pe with purple, 2 mm long, longitudinally ii above the ade with a narrow, descending,

te process near the middle, the foot 2 mm long

GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz: Cubilqiiitz, alt. 350 m, Aug. 1900, H. von Tiirckheim 7784 (Holotype:

AMON nates: aneigemn in forest hae Tikal, alt. 180 m, collected by J. and C. Luer, Feb. 1981,

1981, r 644] (SEL).

HONDURAS: Com: ayagua: Pito hee, Lake Yojoa, alt. 2,000 ft., 6 Aug. 1932, J.B. Edwards 211

(AMES). Cortes: epiphytic in rain forest, Nacimiento del Rio Lindo, alt. 630 m, 28 Dec. 1946, L.O.

Williams & A. Molina R. 11367 (SEL), C. Luer illustr. 20826.

NICARAGUA: Jinotega: Tuma Grade, alt. 3,500 ft., date unknown, A.H. Heller 11170 (SEL), C. Luer

illustr. 20825.

MEXICO: Chiapas: El Real, alt. 650 m, Mar. 1956, Ruth Oberg s.n. (SEL).

This species is apparently endemic in forests of low altitudes in northern

Mesoamerica. Vegetatively, it is similar to many of the other species in the genus

with narrowly linear, thick leaves. The small, green, purple-spotted flowers are

produced singly on short peduncles and pedicels in a fascicle near the apex of the

short ramicaul. The apices of the sepals are acute with slender tails about 2 mm

long. The apex of the lip is rounded with the sides denticulate-erose. The column

has a pair of descending teeth near the middle.

Dryadella lueriana Carnevali & G.A-Romero, Novon 1: 73, 1991.

Ety.: Named for Carlyle A. Luer who recognized that this species was misidentified in Venezuelan

Orchids ser eTer AF ton Guide, Dunst. & exh 1979, as D. osmariniana.

Plant small, epiphyti t berect, 2-4

mm long, bacioua by 2- 3 thin, loose, tubular sheaths. me erect, thc coriaceous, bape linear-

elliptical, acute, 10-13 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, narrow low to e base. Inflorescence a solitary

gee er gi + mm long ie _* to 4 bebe by a peduncle

mm long, encl osed by heath, from low on the ramicaul; floral bracts thi g. 3 mm long;

nodes 3 mm long; ovary 0.75-1 mm long, trialate; sepals light i. suasd sit nA especially

along the veins, the dorsal sepal ovate, concave, 4.25 mm long, 2 wide, apex acute, slightly

thickened, connate to the lateral sepals for 0.5 mm to form a indo cup, the Seheaas sepals ovate, ob-

lique, acute, acuminate, 3 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, connate 0.5 mm at the base, with a transverse callus

bove the d d base, th gi tlul sie shade subquadrate, | mm long, 1 mm wide, the

26 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

3 at i. ree} “ot 1 as s . lip acnl fi, the hlade obovate,

ap y , y bi : a :

1.25 mm long, 1.25 mm wide, the apex d d, broad! the b th a pair

1. E 5. J wi 1

of acute, retrorse angles, the disc with a pair of obtuse lamellae below the middle, the claw 0.75 mm

lone bab Lanhecc des, + tha hk ao 1 kL 1 4 1, < hy TI. . Slee th. ss e

ly y, hinge the apex of the column-foot;

1.5 mm long, longitudinally winged on the distal half with a pair of acute, descending teeth,

bidentate at the apex, the foot equally long.

VENEZUELA: Bolivar: Cerro Guaiquinima, alt. 1650 m, May 1978, G.C.K. & E. Dunsterville 1399

(Holotype: AMES; Isotypes: MO, VEN), C. Luer illustr. 14566.

This little species is known only from southeastern Venezuela where it was

by the late “‘Stalky” Dunsterville in a dense, wet, mossy forest near the

summit of Cerro Guaiquinima. Dunsterville’s illustration was published in the

Field Guide identified as D. osmariniana. The latter species is

considerably larger and is found at a low altitude along the Amazon River near

Dryadella lueriana is distinguished by the very small, shortly repent habit;

small, unspotted flowers with sepals less than five millimeters long; obtuse, sub-

quadrate petals; a tiny lip with an obovate blade; and a winged column with a pair

descending processes.

Dryadella marsupiata Luer, Selbyana 7: 100, 1982.

8 Made oh ip piatus, “made into a bag or purse,”’ in allusion to the configuration of

10 mm long, is Se - yg epiphytic, densely caespitose: roots slender. Ramicauls erect, 6-

obtuse, 25-40 mm long, § mm 29 hued sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, narrowly linear-obovate,

queued. successive! = » radually narrowed below to the base Inflorescence a short,

of the Tamicaul: flora 1 bra t x waite dee cre

sepal mottled ppl arg stp ions long; ovary | mm long, trialate; dorsal

. ‘i > especial on the 0 * oe

HE long, 3.5 mm Wide, slightly acuminate to the acute ma rt ed St rincpaimnapeted

about 1 mm long, from near the apex

dark purple, long-unguiculate the ob I - gin adj larginal thickening; lip

near the middle 1.75 mm long, 215 ma lon a margins, acutely folded 180° beneath itself

above the claw with a pair of acute hina ee I 9 wide, the inflexed apex rounded, the base

; ‘ or

. the claw 1 mm long, bilobulate at the b

, , shallowl

toes ca eam gestae slow

i angle near the middle, the apex denticulate, the foot

U: * Chanchamayo near La

ilhustr. 6468, in Spielberg, Germany, 7 Sept 1981, Wiran ds tHieloryps ee ce

” His sPecies is known only from the origina col

8 of this genus has been done in Peru, it co

su sual character of this species is the blade

as well as the elongated, apical :

xed and appressed to the

lection, but since little collect-

uld prove to be frequent. The most

of the lip with marked] :

two thirds of the blade y revolute sides

eila meiracyllium f.) Luer :

rong the Ceo mean RA Fr 5h age Hiides

Plant small, epiphytic, densely sean — tt _Probably in reference tothe slender leaves.

pclae ppinin dati oe. tubular sheaths. oe Purplish. Ramicauls erect, 5-20 mm long.

eee 2 om long, 2-3 mm wide, mean thickly coriaceous, narrowly Ii iter-

sometimes long-pedicellate fh F eanally narrowed below to the bare y linear to semiter.

“wer borne successively ; litary,

vey ina congested, few-flowered raceme iss paar:

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 27

cle 2-6 mm long, with t at the b from high on th icaul; floral b 3-10 mm long;

pedicel 3-15 mm eae ovary minutely cellular-glandular, 1-2 mm long; sepals translucent renish

— ins ~~ bars with purple, the 1pm of ihe dorsal sepal ovate concave, +6 mm | ong, 3s 5-5

wide, connate to the lateral sepals for , the apex

coenieieaa cing a slender, pale yellow tail 1. fe mm long, the lateral sepals ovate, cine, on to

obtuse, 4.5-6 mm long, 2.5- 3. 5 mm wide, the , BPEN contracted into a slendei mm long, with an

aes obtuse, t d base, connate 1 _ at se Pil petals eases

pal rd oa marked with purple, ‘ubguadrate- muting of & cae mm long, 1. 5-2 mm wide, the apex

subtruncate with the corners obtuse, the labellar margin w with a dis ah obule near the middle, opps

ame eg above the base; lip purplish, tong-unguiculate, the blade elliptical, 2.5 mm long, 2-2

y denticulate, the ‘inka. pm

ne ake with a pair of acute lobules directed posteriorly, the disc with a iow pair of calli converging

from the bases of the lobules, the claw 1.5 mm long, bilobulate at the base, channeled longitu eres

hinged to the apex of the column-foot; column green, slender. marked with red, ‘* 5 mm long, near

were on the distal half with a pair of slender, acute g

oot 2 mm lon

COLOMBIA: without locality, FC. Lehmann 3367 (Holotype: W). Antioquia: Rio Cabrera, alt. 2500-

3000 m, 11 Jan. 1883, FC. Lehmann 2346 (G); La Aldea west of Santo Domingo, alt. 2130 m, iy May

1985, C. Luer, R. Escobar & E. Valencia 11320 (MO); Rio Negro, along Rfo Piedras, alt. 2150 m, 29

Apr. 1983, C. Luer, J. Luer et al. 8865 (MQ); Frontino, Alto de Cuevas, alt. 2050 m, 4 May see C.

Luer, J. Luer : al. 8945 (SEL); Palmitas, collected by M. Webb, flowered in cultivation by P. & A

Jesup i in Bristol, CT., 26 Apr. 1987, C. Luer 12891A (MO);

Cauca: around Popayan, alt. 1600-2000 m, 4 Nov. 1882, F.C. Lehmann 2104 (G), forests above Po-

payan, alt. 1700-2200 m, eh -Dec. F C. Lehmann 8441 (G K).

ECUADOR: Carchi: shru east of pass ab Id do, alt. 2450 m, 15 Jan. 1992, C.

Luer, J. Luer, P. & A. ewes Jeu (MO). Sucumbios: between La Bonita and Rosa Florida . alt. 1600-

2000 m, 14 Mar. 1996, S. Dalstrém, S. Ingram & K. Ferrell-Ingram 2125 (MO, SEL). Imbabura: wet

pik between Pairy and Buenos Aeres, alt. 1950 m, 17 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, C.

Dodson, D. gee de Bermudes 12344 (MO). Pichincha: near Maldeuiqui, south slopes of Montaiia

Mojanda, alt. 3000 m, ; ia 1880, F.C. Lehmann 525 (G); same area, 28 Jan. 1881, F.C. Lehmann 308

(BR, G).

This species occurs not infrequently in the Central Cordillera of Colombia

where it was likely collected by Consul Lehmann. It is characterized by slender,

slightly pusticulate, semiterete leaves borne by slender, elongated ramicauls. The

inflorescence is a fascicle of single, long-pedicellate flowers borne successively in

congested, few-flowered racemes. All three sepals are shortly but distinctly

caudate. The petals are similar to those of Dryadella simula, but the surface is

cellular-glandular below the lobe on the lower margin. The apex of the lip is broad-

ly rounded, and the column bears a small pair of acute teeth near the apex.

tee minuscula Luer & R.Escobar, Orquideologia 13: 43, 1978.

m the Latin minusculus, ‘extremely small,” in reference to the habit of the plant.

very small, epiphytic, densely caespitose; roots proportionately coarse. Ramicauls erect, ca. |

mm dery enclosed by 2-3 thin, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, mottled with purple, thickly coriaceous,

semiterete ded pele ovoid, obtuse, 7- 11 mm long, 2-2. 5 mm wide, slightly narrowed below to the base

Inflo: congested, successivel than | mm m long

cactoaed by a eket: floral bracts oe imbricatng, 3-4 mm long; pedicel 5 mm long; ovary 1 m

th red-purple, subcarinate, the dorsal sepal pees acute,

concave, 1 aed long including the ail, 12. 25 mm wide, connate to! the iatexal iv for 1 mm to form a

palin 1 2 mm long, th vate, oblique, acute

SS un kang Baas wide, he di b t 0.5 mm atthe base

petals translucent yellow, pacha with etey repre 2 mm ong, #1 mm wide, ae

shortly acuminate, le on the lal aaa lip

dark red-purple, long-unguiculate, the blade obovate, 4 5 mm long, | 25 mm wee the om eke pepe

nded, the base abov

‘: lobules,

of the lobules, th 0.8 mm long, bilobulate at the base, shallowly ied oe

eae a ar to the apex of the column- foot, column yellow, marked with purple, 2 mm long, longitu-

: Santo Domingo, Porcecito, alt. 800-1000 m, collected by J.M. Serna in March

ai guuashs in cultivation by G. Misas in Medellin, R. Escobar 1516 (Holotype: JAUM), flowered in

cultivation 5 Oct. 1977, C. Luer 1919 (SEL).

28 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

This species is apparently endemic in forests of the northern part of the Central

Cordillera of Colombia. The tiny, semiterete leaves are reminiscent of Dryadella

lilliputiana of southern Brazil, but those of D. minuscula are shorter. Both species

are characterized by proporti ly large, purple-spotted flowers. The sepals of D.

lilliputiana are narrowly long-caudate; the dorsal sepal of D. minuscula is shortly

caudate while the laterals are narrowly acute or tailless. The petals of D. minuscula

are acutely angled.

th be

ll ae

@s CULICVICN,

Dryadella mocoana Luer & R.Escobar, sp. nov.

i Wench fe 6 OPS R See adit aaa

Species haee D. cuspidatae Luer & Hirtz similis, sed sepalorum caudis brevioribus, petalorum lobo

Plane A

in si large fe h g epiphytic, densely caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls

erect, 5-10 mm long, enclosed by 2-3 thin, loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, the midrib purple, suffused

with coriaceous, narrowly linear-obovate, Subacute to acute, 4-9.5 cm long, 5-6 mm wide, gradu-

‘ y fe y a peduncle

ig. It hin, imbricating, 3-10 mm long; pedicel 5-6 mm

long, verrucose; ovary I-1.5 mm long, tricristate; Sepals yellow-green, diff

es subcarinate, the dorsal sepal ovate, subacute, concave, 8 mm long including the thick tail 3 mm

long. 4 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 1.5 mm to form a sepaline cup, the lateral sepals ovate,

ricer acute, 8 mm long including the tail 2 mm long, 3 mm wide, connate 0.5 mm at the base, with a

. F l ream with purpl kings, suboblong,

2.75 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the apex broadly obtuse, with a decurved, obliquely truncate lobe on the

ra proscar wrheman » unguiculate, the blade elliptical, 2 mm long, 2 mm wide, the apex rounded, the

moegh pair retrorse lobules, the disc with a pair of denticulate lamellae

coe — the sac _ Imm bey coy at be base, concave, hinged to the apex of the

. . , 1, Imm > Wi i i ian

eng a agai ie aie on ong, with a pair of descending, triangular

COLOMBIA: Putumayo:

: above Mocoa, alt. 600-800 m, collected b

aap ' . y J.M. Serna, Aug. 1977, fl d

se Batngs byM. & 0. Robledo at La Ceja, 23 July 1978, C. Luer 2057 (Holotype: SEL), rer

se his rip bia southernmost Colombia is similar to Dryadella cuspidata of

heas t. The habit and flowers are superficially similar. It differs

Sepals

calli on the blade of the lip, the pair

thick tri ar ing fr

— — ae from the column, the descending process of D.

Ety ? From the Lat & Hitz, sp. nov,

beet , M hasutus, “with a big Nose,” referring to the thick tip of the dorsal sepal.

pedicellatis folio brevioribus, sepalo dorsal; : Caespitosa, foliis crassis linearibus, racemis longi-

L epiphyt : ad apicem frassissimo, sepalis lateralibus brevicaudatis.

the dorsal sepal elliptica ical 8, trialate; sepals |i. ellow

into a thick, I-mm-long tail, mele ape conn 2S mim wide unexpansted rn alps hair

‘ate, oblique 15 : the lateral sepals into a sepaline cup the lateral sepals

mm wide, connate 0.5 mm at the ke. with «

x *

' with an rounded ans: li

, 1 mm long, | mm wi ” ;

above the claw with a pair ena : wide, the apex broadly rounded, decurved, he kon

disc Pair of low, oblique lamellae below

base, shallow! channe itudi i

125 tere ee led longitudinally, hinged to

acute teeth at the @PeX, the foot thick. ¢ ily | 8, longitudinally winged on the distal half with a pair

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 29

ECUADOR: Morona-Santiago: El pete collected and cultivated by Ecuagenera, Gualaceo, 2 May

2004, A. Hirtz 8738 (Holotype: MO; Isotype: QCNE); Gualaquiza, alt. 800 m, cultivated at Ecuagenera,

June 2004, A. Hirtz 8803, 8926 (MO).

This little species is known only from southeastern Ecuador. Among all the

other species of the genus, it is most similar to Dryadella lueriana from Cerro

Guaiquini in Venezuela. Dryadella nasuta is distinguished be the small, caespitose

habit; thick, narrow leaves, and small, yellow, unspotted flowers borne successively

in a conspicuously long- tpryseeney: raceme that is about half as long as the leaf.

The sepals terminate in short, thick tai

pbb bverend: —— Luer, sp. n

for Darrin Norton of <be td Orchids, Ludlow, VT, USA, who pusiex this re:

ite ispecies generis Dryadellae y planta p parva, folii alis |

tin)

Plant small, epiphytic, daddy caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, 2-3 mm long, enclosed

by 2-3 thin, loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, t ellipsoid, oe to obtuse, 12-20

mm long, 3.5-4.5 mm wide, 2-2.5 mm thick, cuneate below into the _— bas ence a con-

gested, successively few-flowered raceme borne by a peduncle 2-3 mm long, <a low on the ramicaul;

Psa bracts thin, imbricating, 4 mm 1 long; pedicel 4-5 mm long; ovary 1.5 mm long, trialate; Sepals

y, greenish, spotted with purple. , concave.

a tail-like apex, 7.5 mm long it: 5 mm wide, a ve ined, connate to the lateral _— for 0.5 mm to

forma ire Us the lateral sepals iiangalan, , oblique, acute, 7 mm lon ng, 5m ses 3-veined,

peas connate, ed with purple,

iforin| angled on both sides below the obtuse tip, 2.25 mm long, 2mm bony reine lip green,

ungiclate, the blade ie ROE: acutely deflexed near the middle, 2 mm long expanded, 1.75

ide, tk apex x broadly rounded. re, the base above the claw with a pair cae seal short ot

rag disc with a pair of low aelbes belo ow w the middle, the claw 1 mm long, bilobulate at the base, hinged

to the apex of the column-foot; column green, 2 mm long, obtusely winged from below the middle, the

foot 2.5 mm lon:

BOLIVIA: Without collection data, cultivated by Daryl Norton, 1996, C. Luer 1781] (Holotype: MO).

This very small species with thickly coriaceous leaves is similar vegetatively to

Dryadella lilliputiana as well as other very small species of the genus. However,

this species is distinguished by fleshy, triangular sepals that are acute without tails.

The petals of the two species do not differ significantly. The calli on the blade of

the lip are low and rounded in D. nortonii, instead of erect and acute or subacute.

Dryadella odontostele Luer, Lindleyana 1 1: 54, |

Ety.: From the Greek er “a toothed column,’ refering to the eebeent column.

Plant small, epiphytic, dense Ramicauls erect,

3-7 mm ‘one enclosed by 2-3 tin, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, narrowly elliptical-obovate,

reEee 10-25 mm long, 3-3.5 mm wide, gradual y narrowed below to the sabpeholate e base. Inflores

flower e a pecur icle | mm long, enclosed by

idee ae th 1; fl x4 t thi m long; pedicel 3-5 mm long; ovary | mm long,

trialate; 1 I green, sometimes “abe spotted with pik the dorsal sepal ovate, con-

cave, 3.5-4 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide expan apex obtuse, shortl minate, connate to the lateral

sepals for 0.5 mm to form a sepaline cup, the lateral sepals < ovate, “oblique, - m long, 2 mm wide, the

apex obtuse, shortly acuminate, with ase; petals translucent

yellow-green with red midvein, subsagittate, the apex obtuse with an obtuse Sos on the upper margin

and an acute or subacute angle on the labellar aon. 1.5 mm long, 1.25 mm wide; lip green, suffused

with purple, long-unguiculate, the blade elliptical, 1.25 mm long, | mm wide, the apex

slightly decurved, the base above the claw with a pair of acute, oa angles, the disc shallowly sul-

cate, the claw thick, 0.75 mm long, bilobulate at the base, hinged to the apex of the column-foot; column

green, suffused with rose, slender, 1 J mm -~ with a conspicuous pair of acute, descending, toothlike

processes below the apex 5 mm long.

‘

EEE Eee

I ee ee ee

30 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

PANAMA: Panamé: Cerro Jefe, epiphytic, alt. 1000 ca. m, 22 Sept. 1972, A. Gentry 6178 (Holotype:

MO); same area, alt. ca. 800 m, 29 Sept. 1977, J.P. Folsom, R.L. Dressler & W. Rauh 5662-z (MO);

same area, epiphytic, alt. 900 m, 22 Nov. 1980, K. . Sytsma & T. Antonio 2338 $(MO); same area, Rio

Utive, alt. ca. 900 m, 13 Sept. 1981, S. Knapp 1.

alt. ca. 300 m, C. Luer, J. Luer, P. Tay lor & & R. Dressler, 5 Mar. 1976, flowered in cultivation 26 June

ett ¢. Luer 996 (SEL). Without cates collected by Tineke Mulder, flowered in cultivation at

Holland, 4 1987, C. Luer 12940 (MO).

COSTA RICA: Heredia: Puerto Viejo de Sarapiquf, alt. 50-150 m, Oct. 1979, C. Todzia 828, 841 (CR,

MO).

COLOMBIA: Chocé: Bahia Solano, w lection data, flowered in cult M.

Robledo vibes 30 Sept. 1977, C1 Luer 1874 (SEL). Rio 0 Ura, alt. 50-100 m, sleet by H.-G.

Seeger, idelb toys 1987, C. Lue’

12905 (MO). Nari in, Uribe, alt. 3200 m, fl di | by M. & O. Robledo at

La Ceja, 14 Oct. 1977, C. sins iophi ).

Previously identified as the large, Andean Dryadella simula, this small species

is found relatively frequently from Costa Rica into Colombia. It is characterized by

the habit only seven millimeters high; very small, clear-green flowers; shortly acu-

minate, obtuse sepals; hastate petals; a featureless oblong-rounded blade of the lip;

and a slender column with a conspicuous pair of acute, descending fanglike pro-

cesses just below the apex.

Dryadella osmariniana (Braga) Garay & Dunst. Orchid. Venez. Ill. Field Guide

7 wid ba A er =D. . guatemalensis nsis].

a3 . Ma t.. ent, dis. D

Acta Amazon. 7: 333, 1978.

Plant

: ly caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls

Orr oom we 2-3 thin, | ers peace ant " Leaf erect, narrowly linear-obovate,

a solitary flower long, es 5mm wide, gradually attenuated below to the base. Inflorescence

known: co Imm long, Wie goa floral bracts and pedicels un-

cellnlar-

im empesnes og neave, 7 mm long including App bes av ee ; granular, the dorsal

orm E li ' . .

above the base, 5-6 mint pte the lateral sepals ovate-falcate, sbliane, with a transverse callus

mm wide, the apex acute, contracted :

irregulart into a tail ca. 1 mm long; pe

Nite a hea ont the apex obtuse, with an rounded lobule on the labellar margin below the apex,

long-unguiculate, the blade obcvies. he snl m long, 2 mm wide, 2-veined; lip orange,

wide the ic witha pir of low el blow : ounded, irregularly denticulate, 1. 5 mm long, 0.5 mm

ng, O1

BRAZIL: Amazonas: between

(Holotype: INPA). Manaus and Itacoatiara, Apr. 1976, O.P. Montiero & J. Ramos 675

With long, narrowly line : :

Amazon basin near Manaus, ida bean species, found in the middle of the

lla yuctemalendis anit ic at Snetatte from Central American

osmariana in the Field Pgh ee 's warrented. The illustration identified as D.

| Orchids Illustrated is D. lueriana.

Dryadella pachyrhiza L

163, 1999. ver & Hirtz, Monogr, Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76:

Fro

Ety.: nordoae eye “8 thick root,” referring to the fleshy roots.

Sips ap a iter Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76: G 1999.

Plant small to medium ngzest Phe he tga

Rami in size for the

suffi ical ret, 2 2-10 mm long, scsi Fa Deepeaen; cots festy Zoe haw

purple, narrowly fied cen oose, Sadilee Sheaths. Leaf erect, more or less

te, acute, 2-6 cm long, 2-2.5 mm thick, gradually nar-

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 31

rowed below to the ; subpetiolate | base. Inflorescence a solitary flower borne singly by a 98H 94 i 4-6

mm 6-7 mm long; pedicel 6-

long; ovary 1-1.5 mm long, tri trialate; sepals cream-colored or light green, Trt dotted with seokps or

brown, the dorsal sepal ovate, ren yaly < sae mm long including the tail, 4-5 mm wide expanded, the

apex obtuse, contracted into a thick tail 4-5 mm ey connate to the pera sepals for 1-2 mm to forma

REN cup, the lateral sepals ovate, aaa the margins cellular-erose, 9 mm long including the

2.5-3 mm wide, the apex acute, contracted ab a at - 4 aa. iy barely peue at ve base, with

; petals tran or brown uadra'

1.5-2 mm tae. 1.5-2 mm wide, we ae obtuse, obuusely or subacute angled o on both ating s below

the apex; lip light brown, long-un reflexed, 1.5-2.5 mm

long, 1.5-2.5 mm wide, the disc with a pair of low, rounded calli below the middle, the base above the

claw with a pair of acute lobules directed posteriorly, the claw 1-1.5 mm long, bilobulate at the base,

Cares longitudinally, | rai to the apex of the column-foot; column green, 2 mm long, longitudinal-

y long.

ECUADOR: Bolivar: ae ded in humid forest west of Guaranda, old road to Puertoviejo alt. 3100 m,

26 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer, J. Kuijt & A. Hirtz 9742 hoon MO); same area, alt.

2700 m, C. Luer, S. = fire T. Haijer, J. Kuijt & A. Hirtz 9741 (MO); old road between Guaranda and

Caluma, alt. 1600, 2800 m, C. Luer & S. Dalstrém “ed! 7267 (SEL); ite forest west of Guaranda

toward Balzapamba, alt. 2000 m, 26 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrim, T. Héijer, J. Kuijt & A. Hirtz 9737

(holotype of D. acuminata: MO).

This little species occurs at high altitudes of the western Andes of central

Ecuador. It is distinguished from the frequent Andean Dryadella simula by the

thick, fleshy roots; narrowly linear, semiterete leaves; and smaller flowers. All three

sepals are acuminate-caudate, with slender tails as long as the blades. The petals

are more or less sagittate and obtuse at the apex with angles on both margins below

the apex. The characteristic lobule below the apex of the petal of D. simula is not

present in D. pachyrhiza. A pair of lunate calli are present below the middle of the

blade of the lip.

emg perpusilla (Kraenzl.) Luer, Rae eg = 209, 1978.

asdevallia ol a teers Kraenzl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni. Veg. 1: 179, 1906.

ey: nee the Latin perpusillus, ““very small,” in erndi to the size of the plant.

Plant very small, densely caespitose. Ramicauls 3 mm long. Leaf thickly coriaceous, linear-ob-

long, obtuse, carinate, 2-2.3 cm long, hardly 3 mm wide, gradually narrowed below to the base. Inflor-

escence a dense. ‘successively flowered raceme hardly 1 a tall junone om yee with translucent,

ovate, minate, with the apex

inflexed, a whe mm long, free from the lateral sepals, the lateral sepals 2.5 mm ‘one. with the apices re-

flexed, 1. ase, with a minute me: mentum; petals much smaller, ot , ob

ly acute; age with a linear fi olumn, erect in the flower, with the apex ‘silent,

¥} ed; 1 sth + .

PERU: Junin: Tarma, near La Merced in the Chanchamayo Valley in light forest, alt. 800-1000 m, A.

Weberbauer 1015 (Holotype presumably destroyed at B).

This species is poorly known, the holotype has been destroyed, and no isotype is

known. The inadequate description above was made from Kranzlin’s original

publication. Schweinfurth’s elaboration in Orchids of Peru has been modified from

a different collection. The other collection cited by Schweinfurth is from an altitude

of 3200 meters; the type was collected below 1000 meters altitude. Very few

Andean species have sepals less than five millimeters long, raising the possibility of

this species being a Platystele. For the present, it will be excluded from the genus

Dryadella

32 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Dryadella pusiola (Rchb.f.) Luer, Selbyana 2: 209. 1978.

Bas.: Masdevallia pusiola Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. 1: 140, 1887.

Ety.: From the Latin pusiolus, “very small,” referring to the habit of the plant.

Syn.: Masdevallia simulatrix Kraenzl., Kew Bull. 102, 1925.

Ety.: Named for tt i similarity of the species to M. simula Rchb-f.

Syn.: Masdevallia dolichopoda Luer, Phytologia 39: 196, 1978.

Ety.; From the Greek dolichopodion, “‘a long foot,” in reference to the long pedicels.

Syn.: Dryadella dolichopoda (Luet) Luer, Selbyana 2: 208, 1978.

Syn. Dry 237. Zr = hl’. I\ TT c Iby 7. AN 1978.

Plant small, epiphytic, densely caespitose; roots thick. Ramicauls erect, 3-8 mm long, enclosed by

2-3 thin, imbricating, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, narrowly linear-elliptical to semiterete, more or less

, Subacute, 1.5-3 cm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, graduall 1 bel the subsessile b

Inflorescence a loose, pedicellate, successively few-flowered raceme, borne by a slender, erect

peduncle 5-10 mm long, with a bract at the base, from th icaul; floral bracts thin, deciduous,

3-6 mm long; pedicel verruculose, 10-17 mm long; ovary minutely verruculose, 1-1.5 mm long; sepals

le yell hite, the dorsal sepal broad obtuse, acuminate, concave, 5-6 mm long, 4

mm wide, total 6-8 mm long including a tail 2-3 mm long, connate to the lateral sepals for 1 mm to form

a sepaline cup, the lateral sepals narrowly ovate, oblique, acuminate, acute, 5-6 mm long including the

tail, 1.5-2 mm wide, with atra llus above the d 1 base, connate 1 mm at the base to form

a smal] mentum, the margins mi pically petal l light yellow-green, oblong-

ie, acuminate, with a marginal angle on both margins below the apex, 1.5-1.75 mm long,

eee mm — lip pale yellow-green, long-unguiculate, the blade elliptical-ovate, 1.5-2 mm long,

a i mm th . ee a L 1 1 “oa

Jeg kucaiie : law with a pair of acute, retrorse lobules on the

plane as , the disc with a p ‘ f low, ded | li ging from the lobules, the

claw 1-1.25 mm long, shallowly channeled, bilobulate at the base, hinged to the apex of the column-foot;

green, 1.5 mm long, winged above the middle with an acute, descending angle at the base of the

wing, the foot 2 mm long.

Bink IA: Without collection data, imported by F. Sander, obtained by Wendland, flowered in culti-

usen, Germany 1886, by H. Wendland 85 (Holotype: W), C. Luer illustr. 18564

FC Lebtaes 7007 (holotype of M. ee Mauril above Sisne and Zaruma, alt. 2300-

Dryadella pusiola was described from a i :

plant cultivated at Herrenhausen in

paameieckc ese ves who had obtained it from F. Sander & Co., reportedly

Basie os ap tis distinguished by its comparatively thick roots and narrowly

PI he re cade leaves, The flowers are produced successively in lax

hong ss eee pedicels with the flowers held half the length to nearly as

flowies as He oe and pedicels are microscopically verrucose. The

concave, hed oW-8reen or white; the proportionately large dorsal sepal is

marginal angles ater eae the lateral S together; the petals are small with

retrorse, basal lobes on the P; the blade of the lip is elliptical with a pair of acute,

low; the column is slender with f re of test ented ood eoobvedard

foot is longer than the column sia acute, descending teeth; and the column-

Krinzlin (Kew Bull.

collection described the leaves of Lehmann’s holotype

but this is B typominhical are “ad 5 cm. longa, vix 1 cm. lata,”

are indeed “barely 1 mm. wide.” A sissies dried leaves of the type-specimen

lip is obtuse, not as acute as a 6“

02, 1925) states that

as Masdevallia simulatrix

ted flower reveals that the a f

erly : pex of the

Spear-point” as described by Krinzlin,

a eae.’ =e. *: )

a a a

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 33

Dryadella rodrigoi Luer, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76: 163, 1999.

Ety.: Named in honor of Rodrigo Escobar R. of Medellin, Colombia.

Plant small, epiphyti sely k. Ramicauls erect,

: 7 mm lone, enclosed by 2- 3 thin! tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, ‘narrowly ieee selaiibeete: acute, 3-4

ong, 2 mm wide, 2 mm thick, the base epetiolate. Inflorescence a congested, successively few-

Pekin | raceme borne by a peduncle 2-4 mm long, eickges by a sheath, from near the middle of the

ramicaul; ede bracts thin, are iies ge re. “eet een | pedicel 10-11 mm long; ovary 1-1.5 mm long,

subverruco Bhar with purple, the dorsal sepal broadly ovate to

suborbic aan mm long, 4mm wide, the ap into a tail 1.5 mm long, connate

to the lateral sepals for 0.5 mm t y ovate, oblique, 4.5 mm

long, 2.75 mm wide, the apex obtuse, pla he acuminate into a tail 1. 5 mm ae with a transverse callus

above the deflexed base; petals translucent wath a few purple spots, eral Lscqeir ty 2mm long,

1.25 mm wide at the base, the apex acute an acute apicu-

lum on the labellar hace: lip dull yellow, spotted and suffused with purple, pan aecne e, the blade

suborbicular, 2.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, acutely deflexed near the middle, the apex rounded, minutely

denticulate, the base beug the claw with a pair of short, retrorse angles, the disc shallowly sulcate, the

claw slender, 1.5 mm long, bilobulate at the base, hinged to the apex of the column-foot; column green-

Be hoa slightly spotted with rose, slender, 2.5 mm long, winged above the middle, the foot slender, 3

m long.

COLOMBIA: Cauca: Enana, Popay4n, collected by Rodrigo Escobar 1396, flowered in cultivation by

M. & O. Robledo at La Ceja, 5 Oct. 1977, C. Luer 1920 (Holotype: SEL).

This small species is identified by the very narrowly semiterete leaves, and

broadly ovate, obtuse sepals with tails about one millimeter long. Most distinctive

are the oblique, narrowly acute petals, obtusely angled on the upper margin, and

with a short, acute apiculum on the labellar margin. Also unusual in Dryadella is

the long, narrow column and even longer column-foot.

eB lescgepe simula (Rchb.f.) Luer, pecker = ao 1978.

allia simula Rchb.f., Gard.

ig pte - Latin simulus, “with a litle thd gs ’ in fancied allusion to the appearance of

the flow:

Syn.: Masdevallia popayanensis F.Lehm. & Kraenzl., Repert. Spec. sie Regni Veg. 17: 416, 1921.

Ety.: Named for the town of Popay4n, near where the species was coll

Syn.: Dryadella popayanensis (F.Lehm. & Kraenzl.) Luer, weerees 209, 1978.

Plant medium in size for the genus, epiphytic, densely

pened aed: hey — mm 4k partially enclosed by 2-3 thin, loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, thickly

tly pest ticular, narrowly elliptical obovate, acute to subacute, 20-80 mm long,

3 ps mm w por hig ta graduall Inflorescence a solitary flower borne

successively i ina congested raceme ead : Lagens's ca. 1-5 mm long, enclosed by a sheath, from low on

ng, 5-10 mm long; pedicel 8-15 mm long; ovary 2-3 mm tg

pee — greenish, sie eerne with purple, often in transverse bars, the dorsal sepal ovat

pains acuminate, “4 is — ong, 5-6 mm wide, connate to the td

sbils i 1-2 to form a sepaline cup ovate, oblique, more or less pusticulate, th

mm long, 3.5-5 mm wide, we apes subacute to obtuse, more or less shortly popenas into a = 12m

long, barely connate at the nsl sani

marked with red, brown or “purple pwaeigen ey 2 mm long. 2- a 5 mm wide, Pechea. ee a

obliquel: margin, with a descending lobule

on the labellar margin above the middle, he margin thickened between the meaty and the base; lip

greenish, heavily suffused with dark purple, long-un, en PENS the blade subquadrate, the sides and apex

reflexed, 3-3.5 mm long, 3 mm wide: the apex broadly rounded, mic aheeesre phason the base

above the claw with a pair of acute lobules directed Saree the disc with a low rounded pair of

diverging calli from the claw, the claw 1 mm long, bilobulate at the base, shallowly channeled longitudi-

pm ot to the apex ¢ oft the ee foot; column ht marked with purple, 3-4 mm long, crm

COLOMBIA: lpr ses eager: collected by Chesterton in 1874, flowered in cultivation in the Royal

Exotic Nursery of Messrs. Veitch, Veitch 342 (Holotype: W). Antioquia: Alto del Cardal between

Caldas sad Bie alt. 1600-2000 m , EC. Lehmann 7044 K), Cerro Padre Amaya, alt. 2500 m, 16 Jan.

1979, C. Luer, J. Luer & R. Eioke 370] (SEL); Dabeiba, Choromando, collected by H. Angarita,

34 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

flowered i in cultivation by M. & O. _— . eo eo 19 Mar. 1989, C. Luer 14296 (MO); La Ceja,

' Luer. J. Luer, R. Escobar, M. & O, Robledo

& W. Teague 13192 (MO); Sons6n, Tres Tres hee m, collected in 1983 by M. Webb, R. Escobar.

J. &C. Luer, flowered in cultivation by P. & A. Jesup, 10 Dec. 1988, C. Luer 13803 (MO); Cerro Paike

a “at 1983, C. Luer, J. Luer R. Escobar et al. 8766 (SEL); Rio Palace, Carreterra

flowered in cultivation at Colomborquideas, 22 Nov. 1981, C. Luer 6758 (SEL). Boyaca:

bona Péramo de la Rusia, alt. 3550 m, 21 Nov. 1994, F Alonso, et al. 12104 (COL, MO). Risaral-

da: San Clemente, alt. 1800 m, co! Luer & R. Escobar, flowered in cultivation by M.

& O. Robledo at La Ceja, 22 Nov. 1981, C. Laer 6759 (SEL). Cauca: forests above Popayan, alt. 1600-

2200 m, Oct. - Nov. 1901, EC. Lehmann B.T. 184 pepo a popayanensis: AMES, as M. galeop-

sis in ed. isolectotypes: G, K, NY, RJ, W), C. Luer illustr.

de Mojanda, alt. 3000 m, 3: Fe 1880, EC. Lehmann 525 ws same

area, 28 Jan, 1881, FC. Lelenion 308 (W). Chimborazo: Pallatonga, alt. 2800 m, collected by A. Hirtz

flowered in cultivation 30 Apr. 1981, C. Luer 6029 (SEL). aie tiago: Valle del Paute, alt. ca.

2200 m, collected by M. Portilla, flowered in cultivation at Hosteria Uzhupud, 28 May 1988, C. Luer

13676 (MO). Loja: dry forest, Cajanuma, 16 Dec. 1982, S. Dalstrém 360 (SEL); cloud aaa above

imbura, alt. 2600 m, 21 Feb. 1986, C. posite Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11984 (Mi

PERU: Piura: Ayabaca, Randrahauca, toward Laguna Prieta, alt. 3100-3400 m, 15 Nov. on D. Ben-

nett & J. Campoverde 5841 (MO). Without locality, OIC 0849, flowered in cultivation 28 Mar. 1977, C.

Laer SO0D (SEL).

This species was first collected in 1874 somewhere in Colombia by the profes-

sional collector Chesterton in the employ of Messrs. Veitch of Chelsea. When in

flower, specimens were forwarded to Professor Reichenbach in Hamburg. Several

very adequate, detailed drawings obviously made from living flowers are included

on the herbarium sheet now at W (Vienna).

onsul Lehmann, quoted by Florence Woolward in her monograph on the genus

Masdevallia in 1896, states that he has seen numerous forms of what he thought

were this species in Colombia and Ecuador. However, he had ‘“‘some doubt as to

apes all the different varieties belong to the same species.”’ He noted that plants

grow at high altitudes have shorter, thicker leaves.

: sane simula is frequent in Colombia and Ecuador, and occasional in Peru.

sini ary somewhat in most morphological features, and plants are basically

colleon oo with an eight-power loupe. Most Central American

ve been identifi ays D. a a larger species from higher altitudes

simula from Mesoamerica is known.

Dryadella simul

dicicie - ae - i ariaee by the medium-sized habit of densely caespitose

prvtiphuticg? ey hes deadelg flowers nestled within the clusters near the bases

are

wid wads with purplish tay mg narrow when feh4 The sepals are greenish

Exy: Fom the Lain sori aneyana Cheatagan

Plant small in size for the eas Do simula.

coarse. Ramicauls erect, 1-2 mm long, uot = ae ce ,

coriaceous, narrow ;

below ous naromly lipid obovate, Subacute to obtuse, 8- , tubular sheaths, Leaf erect, thickly

paar bome

15 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, narrowed

2-3

ng by a peduncle 1-2 mm long ively in a conge

n, imbricating, 2 » each a sheath, from oe

jr — pedicel 1.5 mm bine: ovary perp oe the ramicaul; floral bracts

’ Teo Purple, in trans bars, the & > ish, diffu-

ae 3.5-4 vate, concave, obtuse

nate to the Peles ee son ig 25 mm ice con-

fc Vas oblique, 3

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 35

. mm wide, the apex obtuse, shortly : acuminate into a tail Imm long, barely connate at the base, with a

1.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the apex obtuse, btusely or subacutely angled on both

lip b 1 iculate, the blade obovate, the sid d gy preg eben

= of Ne Sate | So ? .

wide, the apex broadly ror d d, the b b he claw with a pair of

ti bd

the disc with a low rounded pair of calli from the cl g a central sulcus, the claw 0.5 mm long,

a Pees fh aoe base, 11 | es A tn ote £ th: 1 fAAS* sinbeamees ore,

marked with anh, 1.5 mm long, t broadly i wings d in the distal half, the fi q a long. ree,

PANAMA: Bocas del eye biome turk in tall, b Fortt Chiriqui G t. 350

m, 17 aa 1985, C. Luer, R. Dressler & K. Dressler 10606 baie: MO). sgtroae aid

dam site, alt. ca. 1000 m, aaa 1977, flowered in cultivation 1978, C. Luer 2237 (SEL).

This tiny species is apparently rare in westernmost Panama. From the other tiny

Central American species of the genus, Dryadella sororucia is distinguished by an

even smaller habit with smaller flowers with, shorter, thicker tails. The blade of the

lip is channeled between a usual pair of calli, but these calli are low and rounded.

The column is broadly winged above the middle.

Dryadella sublata Luer & J J. Portilla, sp. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin sublatus, “raised,” referring to the elevated flowers.

Species — D. simulae (Rchb, f.) Luer affinis, sed habitu minore Splits crassisimis, pedicello uni-

floro ae ne longissimo, p

t small, epiphytic, sae pedal ay roots proportionately thick. Ramicauls erect, 4-8 mm

long, yeanke by 2-3 thin, loose, ribbed, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, rors coriaceous, ellipsoid,

— mi ong, 4m mm wide, 2 mm thick, cuneate sessile base. Inflor-

escence a single flower borne by a pedicel 8-11 mm long, from near the gene va the ramicaul; floral

bract aps — — 3.5 mm long; peduncle 2-4 mm long, enclosed by 2-3 loose, ribbed, tubular

sheaths; ovary co: mm long, 2.5 mm wide; sepals green, heavily dotted with purple, pe saad

hs toward e% i ‘subcarinate, the dorsal Sepal ovate, narrow wly obmse, concave, 8.5 mm

e, 3-veine 0.5 , the lateral Sit ovate,

oblige, iat kg obtuse, 8.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, 3-veined, connate 0.5 mm at the base, with a trans-

e callus above the decurved base; petals translucent purple, suboblong-hastate, 2 mm long, 2.5 mm

wide, 2- veined, slightly thickened oa the savecigl bell ~ wees x br proadly « obtuse, both | margins with a

ed near

middle, 2mm long expanded, 2mm wide. she ape eos the t base above the claw with a seg of

paths use, retrorse, subacute, angles, the disc w

middle, the claw wahiensy 1 mm long, She ‘bilobalate at the base, hinged to the apex of the a

umn-foot; column green, 2 mm long, with an equally long foot, denticulate on narrow wings from below

the middle.

PERU: Amazonas : Mendoza, cultivated at Ecuagenera, Gualaceo, Ecuador, 5 May 2001, C. Luer 19743

(Holotype: MO).

This small, densely caespitose species is distinguished by a proportionately long

pedicel that bears a single, spotted flower about as high as the tips of thickly coria-

ceous leaves. The sepals are fleshy, more or less triangular and slightly contracted

above the middle into thick, tail-like apices. The angled petals and unguiculate lip

are not distinctly different from many of its relatives.

Dryadella summersii (L.O. biscoend says iestinge . res 1978.

Bas.: Masdevallia a L.0.W 4

Ety.: Named in honor of R eso apenas pin the abou

Plant small to medium in size, pata gor densely caespitose; roots soul a3 proportionately

coarse. Ramicau ls erect, 15-25 long, partly enclosed by 2- 3 thin, loose, tubul erect,

thickly obovate, 2.5-5 cm long, 45 mm wide, gradual-

ly narrowed below to the testi base. Inflorescence a solitary flower borne successively in a

congested raceme by a peduncle 1-2 mm long, enclosed by a sheath, from low on the ramicaul, fl

bracts thin, eERy RO 5 mm res pedicel 5 mm long; ovary 1.5 mm long, uted ore trialate;

se i yellow $n agp 1 purple, e, Often is wf one, transv erse bars, the dorsal

sepal ovate, errdbg long, 4.5 mm wide exp toat | 4mm

long, connate to the lateral wenn for 1 t epaline cup, tt 1] l t Ayana]

mm long, 2 mm wide, the apex acute, LLrewtpacanypeensseghes barely connate at the

36 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

s i ee at iI petal: lucent, marked with purple, subquadrate,

‘ss ih a al lobul he labellar margin of the apex, 2.25 mm long, 1.5

aun wide, ii ly blotched with purple, long-unguiculate, the blade elliptical, convex, 2.5 mm long, 2

moses aisha te %y ay he hs hy with a pair f ob gles, disc essen-

tially featureless, the claw | I} d, 1 mm long, bilobulat the base, hinged to the apex of

the column-foot, column yellow-white, marked with purple, 2.5 mm long, with a pair of acute, descend-

ain 051.

ECUADOR: Imbab Lake Cuicocha, alt. 3300 m, 2 June 1939, C.W. Penland & R.H.

Summers 837 (Holotype: Can or in scrub seh west of Otavalo, alt. 3200 m, 17 Feb.

1978. C. Luer, J. Luer, & A. Hirtz 2608

This 8 species is Few d cai red to the frequent Dryadella simula. It is

er 3000 meters above sea level in north-

western Ecuador. Vegetatively and florally, the two species appear similar. The

petals are also of the same shape. Dryadella summersii is distinguished by the

caudate dorsal sepal; an elliptical, convex blade of the lip essentially without calli,

and with a laterally abiegpa gs claw; and a pair of sharp teeth descending from the

middle of the col

pig bog susanae te da pi sie age 3 oe 1978.

Bas.: Masdevallia susanae

Evy. NL as

vec if 1,

: smal <pphyt tic, shortly or forming dense cl ts

siectangh enclosed by 2 thin, loose, saab g cnn roo iabeider: Ramicauls suberect, 1

— long, 2.5-3 mm wks TES - Lente cin a ickly Diente rte

beiiny Sus thin, imbricating, 2 2 me singly by a peduncle 1 mm me enclosed by a loose sheath, floral

long. trialate; sepals dark Pedicel thick, 2 mm long with a rudime entary filament; aed 1 mm

dorsal sepal trian gular ovte, concave, 4 mm long, 2 mm wide, with

the 3 veins pi re eatrie: the apex — thickened, connate below to the lateral sepals for 0.5

the base, with a low, Ash: spe , oblique, 3.5m lng 2 mm wide, b nnate

arely at

obtuse apices are contract tei ase, the margins prominently cetichigs vm

bang. 2:5 hing wile 0 _ sieved tails ca. 1 mm long; petals erect, more or less 0 blong, 1.5 m

central narrow

neles phidlee es a

ed, the base bam ineva techs claw with a the Bade i thick, obovate, 1.5 mm long, 1.4 mm wide, os x round-

mammillate calli below the middle pair o - rahe € disc with a pair of al obtuse,

tudinally, hinged to the apex of the col i ate at the base, deeply channeled

umn-foot;

inally erose-winged on the distal half, re ch miterete, 1.5 mm long, bidentate and

BRAZIL: Espirito Santo: M onceic’

m, collected by R. Kautsky poco do C Ribeirio do Meio, Km 123 route 262, alt. 1000

HB, lost); same area, cba i calvin Jan. 1975 by S. Ferriera de Mello MAS-7-A

Mantins, 31 Jan. 1983, R. Kautsky s.n, (MO), C. alt. ca. 800 m, flowered in cultivation at Domingos

Ba Luer illustr. 18410.

S minute

Species from the a ep of Espirito Santo is rare and not in cultiva-

January 1975 by Susans —— oe Kautsky, probably in 1974, having flowered in

made from pickled nuderisl Gas Mello. The accompanying illustration was

nal sana Kautsky from a a locality near that of the origi-

etatively, Dryadella susange

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 37

Einar toscanoi Luer, sp. no

ay Named in honor of Dr. paben: Toscano de Brito who collected this species.

es haec D. edwallii (Cogn.) Luer similis, sed habitu majore, foliis latioribus et petal lob

inferiore oa et rotundo differt.

Plant large for the genus, EnRURE nerd et roots slender. Ramicauls erect, 10-12 mm

long, enclosed by 3 thin, loose, tubular she - Leaf erec t, thickly coriaceous, elliptical-obovate, sub-

acute to obtuse, 3-6 cm lon ng, : 8-1 cm widen narrowly cuneate below Inflores-

cence a congested, successively few-flow: eme borne by a peduncle 4-5 ‘mm Pay enclosed by a

sheath, from low on the paket: floral tah — a 5-8 mm long; pedicel 8-10 mm long;

ovary 3 mm long, trialate; sepals yellow, spotted with red-purple, the dorsal sepa pe concave, 8 mm

long, 14 mm long including the tail, 5.75 mm we phen or 3-veined with the midvein carinate, con-

nate to the lateral neat for 1 mm to form a sepaline cup, the apex obtuse, contracted into a thickened

tail 6 mm long, the la’ phe wine _ ‘wiea-aiy 8 mm long, 13 mm long including, the me ce es mm ve

connate less than | mm at

acute, contracted ts a thickened ‘ail ca. 5 ings long; petals translucent, coe RAY 4mm ial? 4 mm

wid

c, 2-veined y obtuse, w with a vari

otae and a ae rounded hea on the lower margin below the ie apex; md unguicuae, the blade

vate, 3.5 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, the apex broadly rounded, acutely defle , the base above

at with a pair a acute, heures retrorse angles, the disc with a pair of bhi minutely eddclaae

lamellae near the middle, the chev - mm long, bilobulate at the base, deeply channeled geacemmnis

d to th of the column ly ery 3 mm long, winged on the

distal half, minutely denticulate, the foot equally long, thick with the apex 0} ovary.

BRAZIL: Minas Gerais: south of Minas Gerais, Serra da Mentiqyeien, im the border with Sao Paulo

and Rio de Janeiro, alt. ca. 1200 m, 25 Dec. 1981, (spirit 77) A. Toscano de Brito 144

(Holotype: MO, in liquid), C. Luer illustr. 18411.

This species, known only from the eqnent ore is not in rhs sens It is

characterized by the large habit similar to that 3

similar to those of D. edwallii. The REEVES are broad and thick; the sepals have

thick tails about as long as the blades; the petals have a large, rounded lobule

below the apex; and the large, obovate blade of the lip is rounded at the apex and

acutely deflexed, and the basal lobes are acute, elongated and retrorse

Dryadella vasquezii Luer, sp. n

Ety.: Named for Roberto Vasquez Chaves of Santa Cruz, Bolivia, noted author of Bolivian cacti and

orchids.

Inter species Dryadellae pl folii isimis semiteretibus flore purpureo pu

punctato,

ta e Bed ie Nat i , labelli lamina

sepalorum

bicallosa bicornuta suborbiculata.

Plant very small, epiphytic, densely caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, 2-4 mm long, en-

closed by 2-3 thin, loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, thickly coriaceous, elliptical, semiterete, subacute,

10-18 mm long, ne ae mm wide, 3 mm thick, narrowed below into a subpetiolate base. Inflorescence a

solitary flower borne by a pedicel 5-7 mm long, with a thin, loose floral bract 3-5 mm long; peduncle 2-3

mm long, enclosed -3 tubular sheaths, from low on the Page ul; ovary 1.5 mm long, thickly trialate;

pony fleshy, subcarinate, yellow-green, spotted with purple, the dorsal sepal ovate, concave, 6mm

ong, 3 mm wide, the subacute apex contracted into a thick, nexiteen tail 2 mm long, connate to the

ate prs ca. 1 mm to form a sepaline cup, the lateral sepals ovate, oblique, 4.5 mm gee 2.5 mm

pe Ica. 1 mm long, connate Se mm at the a low,

t I Il th base; petal white, blag cobaaater

1.75 mm long, 1.75 mm w wide, the apex y obtuse, w ith an obtuse, rounded angle on both rr ome

lip mottled with purple, unguiculate, the “nade thick, suborbicular-pyriform, 1. 75 beap long, 1.5 m

wide, th , entire e disc with a ione

pair of lamellae below the middle, the claw 0.75 mm lo nd, bilobulate at the base, hi ged to the apex of

the column-foot; column green, marked with purple, 2 mm long, ichituditaity Seed on the distal

half, the foot thick, equally tts

BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz: h orth of Santa Cruz, flowered in cultivation at

in Santa Cruz by Roberto vourd Dec. 1978, € a a 3626 ; (Holotype: SEL).

R. Vasquez 965 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 15422.

38 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

This species, endemic in lowland east central Bolivia, is characterized by very

small, thickly coriaceous leaves and a gaping, purple-spotted flower. The tails of

the sepals are short and thick, the tail of the dorsal subclavate; the petals are hastate;

and the blade of the lip is suborbicular-pyriform with a broadly rounded, entire

apex.

Dryadella verrucosa Luer & R.Escobar, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76:

164, 1999.

Ety.; renee ee verrucosus, pei cnbeue $a to the blade of the HP

0-15 mm long,

enclosed by 2-3 thin, loose, te, sheaths. Leaf erec erect, thickly coriaceous, snp Giaticiledneae

pusticulate on the dorsal surface, subacute, 3-6 cm long, 4-5 mm wide, gradual ly narrowed below to the

£. ped | A

mm long, enclosed by a sheath, from | th icaul; floral t hi imbricating 6 mm long;

pedicel 6-7 mm long; ovary | mm long, minutely verruco: se; sepals cream-c colored red, purple- -brown spots,

= rere pusticulate-verrucose, the dorsal sal sepal broadly ovate, concave, obtuse, 6.5 mm long, 5

p, the lateral — broadly

ovate, oie, 5 mm Tong, = mm wide, the apex obtuse, shortly acuminate, connate 0.5 m e base,

bquadrate, sagittate, 2.5

mm long, 2.5 mm wide, cae perepension beh oper pean below the apex, with a

; , rigid, the blade elliptical, diffusely

verrucose nth rat gins, acut ely deflexed near the middle, 3.25 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the

anove hort, obtuse lobules di , the disc with a low rounded

ended diverging « calli below the middle, the claw 1.5 mm ong shallowly ‘ey bilobulate at the

mm long, longitudinally winged above the

mide the foot thick, equally long.

LOMBIA: Antioquia: Mun. of Cocorné, epiphytic in cloud forest near Rio Cocorné, alt. 2000 m, 2

May 1984, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Escobar & E. Valencia 1009] (Holotype: MO).

This distinctive species is known onl

related to the variable and widel

recognized by the pusticulate leaves

y from the original collection. Although

y distributed Messi simula, this species is

and

b ate sepals. The sepals are broadly

ovate, Peasy » Shortly acuminate but tailless. The petals of the two species are

cee gn: it Line of the lip of D. verrucosa, however, is diffusely and

markedly verrucose.

Dryadella vitorinol Luer, z Selbyana 23: 181, 2002,

Plant anal oss Sao Paulo, Brazil, who discovered this species.

2-3 thin, loose, tubular sheath : slender. sil agopanond erect, 2-4 mm long, enclosed by

¥ ide, lly 1 zi od be bicky craze narrowly linear-obovate, pa 25-40 mm

apparently borne singly by a peduncle nan act the subpetiolate base. Inflorescence a solitary flower

ls for 1 mm ° form a sepaline cup, the lateral sepals

rf mm at the base, with a low, transverse

oblong, narrowly obtuse, the i Ags rohit Cy 3.5-4 mm long, 2-2.25 mm wide, the apical

margin; lip unguiculate, the blade thick, suboblong. 5 = Or rounded, below the middle on the labellar

base above the claw with =a Mn long, |

middle, the claw bil re at ii disc with a pair of rounded lamellae below the

apex of the column-foot: column semiterete. 2 oo channeled longitudinally, hinged to the

Pidentate atthe apex, the foot equally long. "8 !ngitudinally erose-winged on the distal half,

BRAZIL: Without locality, collected

keg oe MO); withowt cies esd ee delivered by G. Carnevali, 1991, C. Luer 15540

. 16951. Aug. 1993, Toscani DeBrito 889 (MO), C. fae il-

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 39

This little species is known from two sources, one a collection by Vitorino Paiva

Castro Neto. Dryadella vitorinoi is similar to the common and widely distributed

D. aviceps, but the former is distinguished by the acute sepals and comparatively

long, erect, bilobed petals. The upper lobes meet over the lip while the lower lobes

rest on the low, transverse callus of the lateral sepals.

Dryadella werneri Luer, Selbyana 22: 103, 2001.

Ety.: Named for Florian Werner, Yanayacu Biological Station, Cosanga, Napo, who collected this

species.

Plant small, epiphytic, densely ; roots slender but proportionately coarse. Ramicauls

erect, 1-1.5 mm long, enclosed by a tubular sheath. Leaf erect, thickly coriaceous, narrowly ovate,

semiterete, subacute, 15-20 mm fees 4-5 mm wide, 3 mm thi ck, — narrowed at the base. Inflor-

escence a conges duncl

hea

ested, s success sively fe a pedur e 1-2 mm long, enclosed by a

cating, acuminate, 4 mm long; pedicel 3-4 mm

long; ovary 2 mm long, 2 mm wide, thickly tn trialate; sepals spotted with red, the dorsal sepal ovate,

concave, bes blade 4 mm long, 3 mm w wide, b barely connate

cup, th x subacute d tail 2.5, dh mm long, the blades of the lateral foe

eroaily ovate, RES 3mm long, : te mm wide, ap

mm long, \

; petals subsagittate-obov vate, the apex gh Hi

th d a broadl the labellar margin, 2 mm long,

1.75 mm wide; . unguiculate, the blade subo uborbicular, convex, with an erect, acute angle to either side

of the claw, 2 mm long expanded, 1.75 mm wide, the disc with a pair of low, erect calli below the mid-

dle, the apex broadly soueden: decurved, the claw thick, 0.75 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, with a pair o

lobules at the base, hinged to the apex of the column-foot; column semiterete, 2.75 mm long, with a

retrorse, oblong process below the middle, the apex dentate, the foot equally long, thick with the apex of

the ovary.

ECUADOR: Zamora-Chinchipe: near San Francisco Biological Station, alt. 1860 m, 4 Apr. 1999, F.

Werner 12528 (Holaey pe: MO), C. Luer illustr. 19376.

This species is most similar to the Brazilian Dryadella lilliputiana, but distin-

guished from the latter by shorter tails; a short, thick claw of the lip; and a dentate

column. Dryadella werneri is characterized by the small, densely caespitose habit

with thick, semiterete to fusiform leaves. The leaves, broadest below the middle,

are contracted at the base into a very short pedicel and ramicaul. The flowers are

produced in a congested, successively flowered raceme. The tails of the sepals are

thick and about as long as the blade. The margins of the petals are broadly angled.

The claw of the lip is short and broad. The column bears a pair of retrorse process-

es near the middle, while the apex is denticulate.

ak aes wuerstlei Luer, sp. nov.

Ety.: Named for avarer Wiirstle of att peeeee who cultivates this Wiets

Species s haec D. h) Luer a

tione ee et labelli lamina minute peoncuatn differt.

Plant small, epiphytic, densely caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, 5-7 mm long, enclosed

by 2-3 thin, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, thickly coriaceous, narro' wly elliptical, sulcate, acute, 20-28 mm

long, 2- 3 mm wide, 1 5-2 mm thick, narrowed below to the base. Inflorescence a single or a successive-

ly few le 2-3 mm long, enclosed by a sheath, from low on the rami-

caul; floral bract thin, 5-8 mm long; pedicel 7-11 mm long; ov ary 2 mm long, trialate; sepals pale green,

poring pha with purple, the dorsal sepal 2 eR eee ed pine 6 mm lon ng, 4 ae wide,

i ) sees

actus entice Ghdeee 3 mm, the bl ad ] te, oblique, 5 mm | ong, 3

mm wide, the apex obtuse, contracted into a slender tail 6 mm ERA total length 12 mm long, with a

transverse callus above the deflexed base e; petals translucent light yriee, heavily suffused with purple,

dolabriform, the ap obtuse margin, 2.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide;

40 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

lip green, heavily suffused with Je-b I g-ungui late, the blade ob , broadly rounded at

ne apex with iculate d above th , 2.5 mm ge fo

base above the claw | with Eas yang retrorse angles, the disc with a pair of low, erect, poses calli

epee eeee ne ee echt the waisatc. win hinge f

e middle, winged be the middle

ith the | I late at the tip, 2 © oie long, the foot thick, equally long

BRAZIL: Without collection purchased by B. Wiirstle from G owered in acer e a4

Spielberg, Germany, 23 May one C. Luer 5269 (Holotype: 5 same Sake. obtained fro

Wirstle, cultivated by R. Jenny in Bern Switzerland, 15 Sept. 1989, C. Luer 14446 (MO).

This little Brazilian species, unfortunately without collection data, is similar to

the frequent and variable Dryadella zebrina. Dryadella wuerstlei appears to have

been the subject of the painting used for D. zebrina on page 225, of Orchidaceae

- Vegetatively, it is very soail with thick, narrow leaves. Although the

those of D. zebrina, the blades of the sepals

of D. wuerstle are distinctly smaller, ‘ani abruptly contracted into proportionately

longer, more slender tails. The petals and lip are considerably smaller, and the

margin of the lip is minutely denticulate.

tetal le

Dryadella zebrina (Porsch) Luer, Selbyana 2: 209, 1978.

Bas.: Masdevallia zebrina . Bot. Z. 55: 154, 1905.

Ety.: From the Latin zebrinus, “like a zebra,” referring to the banded dorsal sepal.

Syn.: : Masdevallia carinata Cogn., Bull. Soc. R

oy. ceca 305, 1907.

Ety.: From the Latin carinatus, referri erring to the carinat sepals.

3 mm thick, Siebel ts ew to ut ey Inflorescence

Successively few-flowered raceme borne b

y apeduncle 1-3 mm long, mostly enclosed b

bet at the base, f from below the apex of the tow floral bract thin, 5- 10 cat ong; pedicel 10-15

ral eens mm wide, the $n oa oblique, 11-12 mm long including the tail 4-6 mm

connate | mm a cam trane! to the tail, with a transverse callus above the deflexed

2.5-3 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, the wcen yellow, spotted with purple, cipedearegs ogg

obtuse, acutely angled

angled on the lower margin; ; acutely angled on the upper margin of the apex,

»2.5-3 mm long, 2-2.75 base > long-unguiculate, spotted i purple, ite ae obo-

claw with pair of acute lobules direc bes yeaa rved, the base above the

the

ted

sees channeled, b bilobulate at a base, hinged to

Breen, spotted with purple, 3-4

mae cE the middle, the foot equally long, thick wih Ge ‘ees pena ma acengegs winged and Seki

RAZIL:

State unknown:

Presumably destroyed at ee Pa ed hee Aug. 1901, a & Schiffner s.n. (Holotype:

ered in cultivation 30 Nov. 1989, C. Luer 14500 > Steen tivated by Orquideario Binot, flow-

=. sar (holotype of | . (Neotype here designated: MO). Without collection

1914, P Dusén 15842 (Moy ae EP Parana: Serra do Mar, Monte Alegre, alt. 700-900

Xanga, P Dusen 8987 — oo Serra do Mar Monte Alegro, P. Dusén 13294;

rande do Sul: Santa Izabel, 3 Noy 1961, | 1500 m, 13 slp P. Cam 2 tags —

m, 1 Nov,

Ypiranga,

Luer 14454 (Mo). flowered in cultivation by B, Wirstle

(SEL) of isivi = Gig 27 Jan. 1981, C. Luer, J, Luer

J. Luer & RY, Ingui : 1981, flowered in cultivtion at

mpeg: - 1992, C. Luer J. 1. baer R Vase ence Polea at the pass west of Inquisivi,

pedieg - Nov. 1992. flowers wdvez 16596 (MO); Saavedra, along Rio Charazani,

48. an Francisco, CA, by W. Teague 239 (MO), C

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 41

RU: Amazonas: near Pomacochas, alt. 1800 m, collected by W. Kéniger et al., 1978, flowered in

pmsl 22 May 1980, Cc Luer 5265 (SEL); Pomacochas, K. Tokach 44 (MO); Vilcaniza, collected by

1, CT, 10 Dec. 1988, C. Luer 1380

COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca: San Antonio, alt, 1600-1700 m, collected by Padre Pedro Ortiz, March

1982, flowered i in cultivation in Bogota, 24 Apr. 1982, P. Ortiz s.n. (SEL), C. Luer 7527.

This species is relatively common and widely distributed from the Eastern

Cordillera of Colombia, where it is documented from a single collection, and sout

ough Bolivia and Brazil. Especially variable vegetatively, small plants less than

two centimeters tall, and large plants six centimeters tall are not unusual. The

leaves are thickly fleshy to the base. The spotted flowers are relatively large with

tails about as long as, or longer than the blade. The spots are often arranged into

transverse bars on the dorsal sepal, which suggested a zebra to Porsch. The apices

of the sepals vary in thickness and degrees of narrowing into the tails, sometimes

more or less abruptly, sometimes narrowly acuminate. The petals are oblong,

obtuse and angled on both sides above the middle. The blade of the lip is deflexed

near the middle, the apical margin is round, and the calli are erect and subacute.

EXCLUDED NAME

pins Lake bl (Kraenzl.) eye Selbyana 2: 209, 1978.

usilla Kraenzl pert. Spec. Nov. Regni. Veg. 1 1906.

ou oe ee near La Mer ne in -* As Chepitenays Valley in — pak, alt. 800-1000 m,

A. Weberbauer 1015 (Holotype presumably destroyed at B).

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I thank all the herbaria that have permitted repeated visits to their collections,

especially the herbaria of AMES, K, and W for their most important, historical

collections. I thank Dr. Gustavo Romero, curator of the AMES herbarium for his

invaluable help. I thank Victoria Hollowell, Amy McPherson and Kristin Pierce, all

of MO, for their expertise in proofreading.

I also thank the Pleurothallid Alliance and those members who made the inking

by Stig Dalstrém of many of the illustrations possible.

REFERENCES

DRESSLER, R.L., 1981. The orchids: natural history and classification. Harvard University Press, Cam-

KRANZLIN, E1925. a der tee Masdevallia, Lothiania, Scaphosepalum, Cryptophor-

anthus & Pseudoctomeria. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 34: 197-201.

Luer, C. A., 1978. Dryadella, a ne je genus in the Pleurothallidinae. clive a 2: 207-209.

----------------- 1986. Icones Seobepenen en I. Systematics of the Pleurothallidinae. Monogr. Syst.

. Missouri Bot. Gard. 15: 26.

Woo warp, F., 1896. The genus Masdevallia, sect. XI.

4. Dryadella auriculigera

_ SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA

Fig. 6b. Dryadella barrowii

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA

5 cm

fess

Fig. 13. Dryadella dodsonii

2mm

Neier aimee

Fig. 14. Dryadella dressleri

Fig. 15. Dryadella edwallii

mara ~ 7

3) ()

i. eee 2 t

i j i \

Be ; “ej

7 Pe

f ‘y

_ Fig. 18. Dryadella fuchsii

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 47

ee ee ee en ee eee ee a ee ee ee

Fig. 20. Dryadella gomes-ferreirae Fig. 21. Dryadella greenwoodiana

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

3mm

ea a

Fig. 23. Dryadella hirtzii

o Fig. 25. Dryadella lilliputiana

. SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA

F Te Oty fee ee ee ee eee ee eee ee ee he Re lO

Fig. 29. Dryadella meiracyllium

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Fig. 31. Dryadella mocoana

Fig. 30. Dryadella minuscula

Fig. 33. Dryadella nortonii

Pig. 32. Dryadella nasuta

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA

Fig. 35b. Dryadella pachyrhiza

Fig. 36. Dryadella pusiola

Fig. 39. Dryadella sororcula

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 53

Fig. 42. Dryadella susanae Fig. 43. Dryadella toscanoi

Fig. 46. Dryadella vitorinoi_ Fig. 47. Dryadella werneri

SYSTEMATICS OF DRYADELLA 55

Fig. 49b. Dryadella zebrina Fig. 49c. Dryadella zebrina

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

INDEX TO SCIENTIFIC NAMES

Dryadella 1,2, 4, 6, toscanoi 1, 5, 8, 37, Fig. 43.

peels vasquezii 1,5, 7, 9,37, Fig. 44

ig. Js 7, 38, 1g 45.

cate i Fi 2. vitorinoi 5, 8, 38, Fig. 46., 39

aurea 4 a emeri 5,7,

10, Fig. 4. wuerstlei 1, 5, 6, 39, Fi g. 48., 40

aviceps. seen Fig. 5, Ay 2 19, 37, 39 zebrina 5,7, 8, 18, 40, Fig. 49a, 49b, 49c.

1, 4, 8, 12, Fig. 6a, 6b. Masdevallia 1, 11, 12,34

Sect. Floribundae 1,

clavellata 1, 4,7, 14, 13, Fig. 8 sect. Rhombopetalae 1, 2,

“Ris ie I Fig. 9. sect, Saltatrices 1, 2,

cristata 4,7, 15, Fig. II. Se ohh onal

. : icans 9

cuspidata 4, 8, 13, 16, Fig. 12,,28 i

, amethystina 1,

dodsonii hee ; Fig. 13.,1 auriculigera 2, 10,

pase byes 14 -<<ehalem

edwallii 5,8, 12, 13, 17. Fig. 15., 37 carinata 40

elata 5,7, 18, Fig. 16, aisles

espirito-santensis 5, 8, 19, Fig. 17 i

fuchsii 5, 8, 19, Fi eS

gnoma 5.7.20, 8 dig 17

gomes-ferreirae 5,8, 21, Fig. 20, novel =

jana 5,7, 21, Fig someon 19

guatemalensis 5, Fi

hirtaii 5, 8 23 rie 22., 30 guatemalensis 22

kautskyi 5,6, 11, 23, Fig. 24., 24 ae 1,2, 24

lilliputiana 5, 7,

tcosann 5 : 16 2 ig 25., 28, 29, 39 linearifolia

marsupiata tenn penned

meiracylium "5,6, 6, Fie 20 obrieniana 1,2, 11, 12,

melloi 5, 24

microglochin 5, Paranaénsis 24

= $7.27, Fig. 30,28 ene ay

misasij a

mocoana 1,5, 8, 28, Fig. 3) ere mene 53, 34

hasuta 1, 5,8, 28, Fig. 32., 29

nortonii 1, 5, 6,29, Fig. 33 oe te

Obrieniana 5, ll, 12, sessilis Zit

odomtostele 5S, 6, 29, Fig. 34. simula 1, 2, 33

osmariniana 5, 26, 30, var. guatemalensis 22

pachyrhiza ‘ . 6, 30, Fig. 350,35, var. obrieniana 11

g simulatrix 32

Perpusilla §, 31 summersii 35

ae is 5,33 Susanae 36

pices » 6, 9, 32, Fig. 36

rodrigoi 5, 6, 33, Fig. 37 Pachyphyllum 17

silvana ane Pleurothallis lL, ¥4.

. 1S, 16, 17, 20, : i auricu

Fig. 38,3, 34,35, 36 39, 70338 aviceps 1,11 ip seats

Simulatrix 5,32 gnoma

pate 2:7, 22, 4, Fig. 39.,35 — amethystinum 1,

sublata 1, 5,6, 17, 35, Fig. 40 Trichosalpinx caudata 14

ae es ae et =e OE

YSTEMATICS OF ACRONIA

SeCr tbs MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE

ABSTRACT

The Let bagi sou Acronia C.Pres]| is proposed by uniting Pleurothallis subsection Acroniae and

subsection Ma ae Fascicwletee: Acronia secti ion Acroniae with two se: series was treated in Icones

Lee sed,

consists of three sec-

sag Rereniee 1, Amphane (one of the two series) and Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae. Each species of

ond section Macroph

ew taxa in Acronia sect. Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae:

A. andreettae Luer, new species

A. folsomii Luer & En new specie:

A. angustissima Luer & Hirtz, new species A. fo ti eeu has

nsis Luer & Hirtz, new spec A. hawkinsii Luer & Endara, new species

A, braidiana Luer, new name for Pleurothallis A. hispidula Luer & R.Escobar, new species

cardiocrepis Braid, not Rchb. homeroi Luer & Endara, new species

bosa Luer saci new species A. iris Luer & Endara, new s $

_ A. carduela oraz! new specie

A. er & Viees. new species

A. cordata ssp thopalocarpa (Schitr.) Luer,

A. llanganatensis Luer & pxien new Loree

A. lutheri Luer & Endara, ne

A. microcardia subsp. cablteria (L pp Luer,

combi new combination

A. eeaEs tn sab. trachysepala (Kraenzl.) Luer, 4, microcardia subsp. tamaensis (Foldats)

w combina Luer, new combination

A. chipwin eae “ne new name for Pleurothallis A. orygmoglossa Luer & Dressler, new species

privigna Luer

A. robusta Luer & Hinz, new species

A. dracuncula Luer & se new species

A. tandapiensis Luer & Hirtz, new species

A. escobarii Luer, new species

New combinations in Acronia from Pleurothallis subsect. Acroniae and subsect. Amphygiae:

A. allenii (L.O.Williams) Luer, comb. nov. A. — me vrecns Cee & | Jepaa las. comb. nov.

Bas.: Pleurothallis allenii L.O.Williams, Ann. Bas.: er & Hirtz,

Missouri Bot. Gard. 27: 275, 1940. qisadeys 137, 988.

A. alvaroi (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, view nov. - sents tipetala (Rolfe « ex Ames) Luer, oe nov.

Bas.: Pleurothallis alvaroi Luer & R.Esc es, Sched

Orquideologia 14: 122, 1981. Orchid. 3: 7; Jan. 1923.

A. amphigya (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, comb. nov. A. drewii (Luer) Luer, comb.

Bas.: ores amphigya Luer & R.Escobar, Bas.: Pleurothallis drewii Luer, hak Syst. Bot.

liogia 14: 128, 1981. Missouri Bot. nigh : 127, 2000.

lossa (Luer & Hirtz) Luer, comb. nov. A. dukei (Luer) Lue 4

aa: Pleurothallis ankyloglossa Luer & Hirtz, Bas.: Pleurothallis dukei Fes Lindleyana 12: 45, 1997.

Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 79: 127, A. forceps-cancri (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer. acr3 nov.

000.

Bas.: Pleurothallis forceps-cancri Luer & R. Esc

A. annectens (Luer) Luer, comb. nov. Orquideologia 14: 144, 1981.

Bas.: Pleurothallis annectens Luer, Selbyana 3:240, A. fugax (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

wal Bas.: Pleurothallis fugax Luer & R.Escobar.

(Luer) Luer, comb. no Orquideologia 14: 146, 1981.

Bas.: Pleurothallis archicolonae Luer, Selbyana 3: 52, = agprhnes ver & R. Escobar) a sade nov.

1976. Pleurothallis glochis Luer &

A. bueranon (Luer & Hirtz) Luer, comb. nov. pyrene ogia 14: 150, 1981.

Bas.: Pleurothallis bucranon Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana A. gomezii (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

3: 134, 1988. Bas.: Pleurothallis gomezii Luer & R.Escobar

I di & J.J.Portilla) Luer, comb. ae 89s eh 20: » 19

nov. g Pp dats) L

Bas.: Pleurothallis cauda-hirundinis Luer & = MG thalli: liped

J.J.Portilla, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. Bot. Ven. 3: 374, 1968.

88: 107, 2002.

uer, comb. nov

3 eb.) A. cta

58 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Pep OER eee pa he Bas.: Pleurothallis ramosii coe phye ef Syst.

Bas.: Pleurothallis habenula R.Escobar. Hct. Missouri Bot. Gard. 7 oy

Orquideclogia 14: 152, 1981 2 A. rowleei (Ames) Luer, co

A. hammellii plan Bas.: Pleurothallis rowleei Naas: Shak Orch. 1:

Bas.: Plurals harmeli Lae, Lindleyana 12:

48, 1997.

A. imitor (Luer) Luer, comb, nov.

ae Plerthalis intr Lier, Lindleyana 11: 78,

A np Le comb.

Bas.; Pleurothallis

knappii Luer, ae Syst. Bot.

Missouri Bot. Gard. 79: 128, 2000.

214, 1996,

A. avpedicelinta (Ames & C.Schweinf.) Luer,

comb. nov.

Bas.: Artrsesm ea Ripedicellata Ames &

C.Schweinf,

. NOV.

Pleurothallis luctuosa Rehb f. 8 i

48, 1877, es rite

Bae: Plenty (iter de REscobat) Ler, comb. nov.

Bas.: sox media Luer & R-Eseobar,

A. pseudopogon (Luer & Hinz

Bas.: Pleurothallis Pcudpogo a3: rules

- Gard. 72; 30,

Bot. oreo Bot. Gard. 72. 7 ie Syst.

11, 1922.

bia (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas.: a Sagittilabia Luer, Monogr. Syst.

ouri Bot. Gard. 72: 32, 1998.

A. oa (Folds ts) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas.: Pleurothallis sanluisii Foldats, Acta Bot. Ven.

3: 390, 1968.

A. sextonii (Luer) Luer, comb. n

Bas.: Pleurothallis sextonii Luer, * Monogr. Syst. Bot.

1 002.

A. sobrina (Luer & Hirtz) Lier: comb. n nov.

Bas.: Pleurothallis so bn ek &H

Sova 11: 185,

A. somnolenta (Luer) ie uer, com

Bas.: Masud somnolenta ay Oiquiticcling

20: 1996.

Ste ii ( er, comb. nov.

Bas.: Pleurothallis stevensonii Luer, Selbyana 1:

, 1975.

A. stricta (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas.: Pleurothallis ie cae bikes Selbyana 5: 181,

1979.

A. supervacanea (Rch chb.f.) ne Arg nov.

Bas.: Pleurothallis supervacane. bf.

a ci diet Bhcsecee | 16: 180,

1860.

A. tetrachaeta (Luer & Hirtz) tke comb. nov.

Bas.: Pleurothallis tetrachaeta Lue & Hirtz,

Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 72: 35,

1998,

A. tipuloides (Luer) Luer, comb. no

ay tesapee, tipuloides Luer, Phbloghe 54:

8, 1983.

A. tryssa (Luer) Luer r, comb. nov.

ee tryssa Luer, Selbyana 1: 303,

A. vieirae (Luer & R. Escobar) Luer, ae nov.

Bas.: Pesrodhatsc vieirae Luer & R

Ce 14: 182, 1981.

Psi 0 pr damier volcanien Laies, Selbyana 3:

, 1977.

A, soars (C.Schweinf.) Luer, comb. nov.

rothalli

Bas.: Pleu 1s wigginsii C.Schweinf., Amer.

Orch. Soc. Bul. 17: 494, 1948.

\eiebanaaall

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 59

ACRONIA C.Presl

Acronia C.Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1: 103, 1827.

Type: Acronia phalangifera Pres|

In Icones III and Icones XVII Pleurothallis section Pleurothallis had been

subdivided into six subsections: Acroniae, Antenniferae, Longiracemosae, Mac-

rophyllae-Fasciculatae, Macrophyllae-Racemosae and Pleurothallis (Luer, 1986,

1 are related, the differences relying on important key characters. Subsec-

tions Acroniae and Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae are most closely allied with well-

developed ramicauls with a terminal inflorescence and a sessile leaf. They also

share a short column with an apical anther and an apical stigma that is transverse or

transversely bilobed. These two subsections from Pleurothallis with series Amphi-

gyae (Luer, 1998) are united into Acronia as three sections, the other sections

remaining in Pleurothallis.

ACRONIA SECTION ACRONIA

Acronia sect. Acronia C.Presl

Type: Pleurothallis phalangifera C.Presl.

Syn.: Pleurothallis subsect. Acroniae, Icones XVII, p. 5.

ACRONIA SECTION AMPHYGIA

Acronia sect. Amphygia Luer, stat. nov.

Type: Pleurothallis amphygia Luer & R.Escobar.

Syn.: Pleurothallis series Amphygiae, Icones XVII, p. 5.

ACRONIA SECTION MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE

Acronia sect. Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae (Lindl.) Luer, stat. nov

.: Pleurothallis subsect. Mac rophy. llae-Fasciculatae Luer, Lindleyana 3: 133, 1988.

Type: twaregae grandiflora Lindl.

Ety.: F m the Greek macrophyllon, “large leaf,”’ and the Latin fasciculatus, “‘fasciculate,”’ refer-

ring re the clustered, 1-flowered inflorescences.

Syn.: Pleurothallis subgen. Pleurothallis sect. Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae Lindl., Folia Orchid.

Pleurothallis 9, 1859.

Syn.: dunrrans subsect. Grandiflorae Lindl., Folia Orchid. Pleurothallis 9, 1859.

Lectotype: Pleurothallis grandiflora Li

Syn.: Plewronalis subsect. Parviflorae se Una Folia Orchid. Pleurothallis 10, 1859.

Lecto le rata cordata o re daa * Lindl.

red,” fi

Ety.: From 1 the Latin parviflorus, *

Syn.: Erectorostrata we rieger, Die Orchideen 428, 1975, nom. nud.

Type: Pleu perne cordata (Ruiz & Pav. ) Lind!

Ety.: From the Latin erectrorostratus, * with e rect rostrum,” referring to the column.

Syn.: Paral subsect. Cardiostolae Luer, Lindleyana 3: 133, 1988.

Type: Pleurothallis ‘cobansol Rchb.f.

ae is <4 La cardio. aut “*heart-ornament,”’ in allusion to the heart-shaped leaf.

& Marg., Poli h Botanical Journal 46(2): 118, 2001.

ne Pleurothallis pest rane Lindl.

Ety.: From Greek words meaning “girdled, leaf, and flower.”

60 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

repent rs (ramicauls); roots few to

many, slender to flesh icaul di rect t t, nonprolific or rarely prolific,

t ly co sed, unifoliate,

Plants perennial, small to large, weak to robust, epiphytic, lithophytic to terrestrial, caespitose to

- A IL LL 1 +. RK hd 7 + ( m "g

¢ J

Psa J? °°

dobulb lly | h he leaf, slender to stout, t

cl —) if

t ,

mn eee VE h eet’ 1. 2 atte thse intl

. ging from the apex with the abscission

layer at the base of the leaf. Leaf erect, suberect, spreading or deflexed, thinly to thickly coriaceous,

ical, linear to ovate, the apex acute to obtuse, shallowly notched with a mucro in the sinus, the base

sessile, rounded, subcordate to deeply cordate. Inflorescence a solitary, successive flower, or a few to

many simult than the leaf, the peduncle slend stout, emerging with a spathe, small to

hrewt,

1 A fa) 4

ge bular, pedicels long shorter than the floral bract; ovary trival-

vale, with or without crests, pubescence or verrucae, deciduous; the flowers resupinate or non-resu-

Pinate, variously colored; sepal: t fleshy, with or without carinae, glabrous, pubescent or

verrucose, the dorsal sepal nearly free, the lateral sepals connate into an ovate, variously concave synse-

pal, acute, acuminate to obt someti ith tal } flesh th, papil-

glenion, the base y

column seniterete, short, stout, unhooded, wingless, the anther apical, the stigma apical, transverse or

bilobed, the pollinia 2, pyriform with caudicles, (ieee

ie Acronia section Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae, one of the largest taxa within the

ugiueyee aes Is related to several other taxa that had customerily resided within

: 61 Polyphyletic genus Pleurothallis. This group is often affectionately re-

— — “al the frogs,” because of the fancied appearance of the flower sitting

This taxon of numerous, basic

section of Pleurothallis by Lindley (1859), and modified much later by Luer (1986,

seaman and floral morphology, Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae

cially similar vepetat . hei of Acroniae as three sections of Acronia. Superfi-

single. Aonuma . vety to Acianthera Scheidw., Acronia is characterized by a

caul at the base of a ee et emerges from the apex of the rami-

sessile leaf. Also superficially similar florally, both genera are

eget connate lateral sepals, and frequently denticu-

- The lip of Acronia often has a glenion

the middle or at the base that is

The first species attr; eee

scribed from =i pres © f0 section Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae was de-

transfered it to Stelis in 1805 @ cordata by Ruiz and Pavén in 1798. Willdenow

Criteria for the -, 7 nd Lindley transfered it to Pleurothallis in 1830.

Pe ota Were not well-defined in the early years of the

Scribed in 1935 (Pleurothallis ape Species attributed to this section were de-

by Poeppig and Endlicher a ayy Se

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 61

Reichenbach began adding species now attributable to this section in 1849 with P.

ionantha [=P. tridentata] and continued in 1854 with P. cardiostola, P. cardium

[=P. bivalvis] and P. coriacardia. His final total was 15 for the section.

Lindley proposed this taxon as section Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae in his Folia

Orchidacea of Pleurothallis in 1859. In the introduction on the first page, he indi-

cated “‘section’’ for his subdivisions, and on the next page he qualified section

Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae with fleshy, cordate leaves and fasciculate flowers. He

divided 18 species into two categories we shall term ‘‘subsections.” His criteria for

subsection Grandiflorae with seven species were: gaping flowers more than half an

inch long (ca. 12 millimeters) and with longer, filiform pedicels. Subection Parvi-

florae with the remaining species was characterized simply by “‘smaller’”’ flowers

with pedicels “‘not very” lon

The two further divisions of his Pleurothallis subsection Parviflorae, based on

petals either elongate and acuminate, or small and linear, are of no value. Even his

delimitations of the two subsections are too vague for practical use. The sizes of the

flowers of many species are variable, there being too many species with flowers

intermediate between ‘‘large”’ and “‘small.’’ In fact, the flowers of most species are

“intermediate” in size. This sameness of the usually small, unattractive flowers

has caused this section to be shunned by both amateur and professional botanists

The majority of the species are recognizable with some distinct and stable

morphological feature, but several widely distributed “species” are variable, and

surrounded by a multitude of other ‘‘species”’ that are too similar to distinguish.

These “species complexes” include Acronia bivalvis, A. cordata, A. discoidea, A.

linguifera, A. phyllocardioides and A. tridentata. Although individuals may appear

distinctly different, because of colors and combinations of trivial details, they are

the same when the basic morphology is considered. The morphology of the flower

of A. bivalvis is considered the “‘standard’’ from which all others deviate. Those

flowers with minor deviations constitute the ‘complex,’ while those with signifi-

cant, recognizable difference are recognized as species. The basic “‘standard”

floral pattern is the same in the A. bivalvis-complex and in the A. cordata-complex.

All the flowers of the latter are small with the dorsal sepal less than ten millimeters

long, while the dorsal sepal of the former varies from five to 16 millimeters. The

most obvious difference between the two complexes is the broadly ovate, deeply

cordate leaf of the father.

The section A e in Acronia is characterized by sessile

leaves and single flowers with: spknate Seteral sepals. Except for one long-repent

species (A. reptans), the habit is caespitose. The leaves are commonly cordate at

the base, and are held erect, spreading or deflexed by well-developed ramicauls.

Sometimes the ramicauls are slightly compressed near the leaf, but only with sharp

edges in one species (A. compressa). The single-flowered Ancipitia (Luer) Luer is

distinguished by compressed ramicauls. Besides a basal sheath or two, only one

tubular sheath is borne, usually on the lower half of the ramicaul. Leaves of

immature plants are erect, elliptical, acute, petiolate, and borne by shorter rami-

cauls, mimicing the habit of Masdevallia Ruiz & Pav. or Scaphosepalum Pfitzer.

Two subsections of Pleurothallis were proposed (Luer, 1988), based on a char-

acter of the leaf: those species with erect or spreading leaves (subsection Mac-

rophyllae-Fasciculatae) as opposed to those species with descending or perpendicu-

62 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

lar leaves concave or conduplicate at the base (subsection Cardiostolae), but these

two taxa are included together here in section Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae because

of indistinct or overlapping boundaries.

The flowers of all the species now recognized in Acronia section Macrophyllae-

Fasciculatae are terminal and produced singly and successively, or singly and

simultaneously in a fascicle at the base of the leaf, from the apex of the ramicaul.

The inflorescence is subtended by a sheath or spathe which is most often incon-

spicuous, lying in the groove on the dorsum of the leaf. However, in a significant

number of species, the spathe is larger, broad and erect. Within the spathe one or

many abbreviated peduncles originate, and most remain hidden. The inflorescence

appears to be an extremely shortened, successively flowered raceme. From these

peduncles the solitary pedicels rise with their floral bract to emerge from the spathe

and bear the flower on top of the base of the leaf. Sometimes the pedicel is elongate

so that the flower droops over the side of the leaf (as in A. ruberrima). The ovary

varies in size, but it is always terete and triloculate, and usually smooth (rarely

verrucose or papillose as in A. canaligera).

The sepals vary in color, consistency and integument, but the basic morphology

is the same throughout the section.

The petals vary

elliptical or ovate They :

margins at the ee Th ne et lobed €xcept for occasional minor extensions of the

with the margins ote - = nent varies from smooth to pubescent or verrucose,

rarely reticulated 7 “Ulate, or fimbriate. The venation is varied, even

The lips of all speci at

Subject endent: ae ee basically similar, being three-veined, but they are

never lobulate at the vo ifications, but only rarely with indistinct, lateral lobes,

convex. The degrees of mie vanes from transverse to oblong, concave to

panduriform, or pyri Selatan of the Margins cause the lip to appear obovate,

be. mare} 4 mes the sides are involute or revolute to form a

neave on the end which is held in apposition against

- The articulation is not readily motile.

n. The disc varies from smooth to

Sometimes confluent into a trance, AS in Stelis, the lobes of the stigma are

77 ong stigma. The column-foot is usually

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 63

merely a thickening at the base, called ‘‘obsolescent,’’ but in rare instances a foot

longer than the gynostemium has developed (as in A. correllii). Sometimes the base

or foot is pubescent. Sometimes it is convex or “‘bulbous”’ to accommodate a

cavity at the base of the lip, similar to the articulation seen in Barbosella and

Crocodeilanthe. The nonhooded clinandrium is apical with a detachable anther cap

covering a pair of “‘tear drop-shaped”’ pollinia joined at their pointed tips with a

viscidium that protrudes forward over the isthmus between the two lobes of the

stigma.

The distinction between the single-flowered species of section Macrophyllae-

Fasciculatae and the single-flowered species of section Amphigyae is not always

obvious. Section Amphigyae differs with usually more elongated peduncles, a

variously lobed lip, and a more cylindrical column, the flowers closely resembling

those of the racemose section Acroniae.

The identification of species of section Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae has been

most troublesome in those with early names by Lindley and Reichenbach, and later

names by Schlechter, especially those with destroyed or inadequate types. As

would be expected, the species described by Lindley and Reichenbach are some of

the most common species, but matching these old collections with recent collections

is still uncertain in some instances. Identification of many species remains unclear.

Even when a flower of an extant type is hydrated, identification with a recent col-

lection is not always conclusive.

Many species of this large section are found frequently in suitable, humid forests

from low to high altitudes from southern Mexico through Central America and the

Andes to the Guyanas and to central Bolivia. Strangely, no species collected by

Humboldt and Bonpland was described by Kunth. Strangely, no species occurs in

Paraguay, Uruquay, Argentina, nor in Brazil south of its northernmost mountains.

As in other pleurothallid genera, many species are local, known from only one

isolated area. The majority of these local species are distinct and readily rec-

ognized. Several widely distributed, frequent and variable taxa difficult to distingu-

ish are treated as ‘‘super-species,” or “species-complexes.”

About 38 species are known from Mexico to Panama. Only one common,

widely distributed and variable species (Acronia discoidea) is found in the Antilles

(Jamaica and Trinidad), and it is also the only one found within Brazil, but in

Amazonian Brazil near the border with Guyana in the far north. To date, about 250

species attributable to this section have been described, about 213 treated here as

species. Several species exist only as Schlechter’s descriptions, the holotypes

having been destroyed at Berlin during the closing days of World War II. No du-

plicate material has been discovered.

After 30 years of collecting, illustrating, and examining numerous collections

and types, every described species still cannot be accounted for. The vast majority

of the known species are now identified, and the few missing species will be in-

cluded without illustrations. However, this work is incomplete, there being innu-

merable collections in many herbaria that are vegetatively similar to species figured

here, but with flowers absent, or not yet identified. For example, many large

specimens with broad, deeply cordate leaves are commonly identified as ‘*Pleur-

othallis cordata,”’ but only a fraction of these identifications are correct.

64 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

PUBLISHED NAMES ATTRIBUTABLE TO ACRONIA

SECTION MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE

Acronia acestrophylla (Luer) Luer dye

Pleurothallis er een (=A. phyllocardioides]

A. acutilabia rig?

P. acutipetala Schity. aye cardiothallis|

A, adeleae (Luer) L Fig. 3

A. adelphe (Luer & Hirtz) Luer Fig a, 4b

Made (lool ie Fig. 5a, 5b, 5c

A. aguirrei (Luer) Luer ig

A. alopex (Luer Bic 7.

A. altimonile (Luer & R-Escobar) Luer Fig. 8.

4 mare int Gaee, & R.Eeeciban) Luer Fig ?.

“e

p — yoo & ss Pitas [=A. bivalvis] ait

P. antonensis L.O. Williams eA, bivalvis]

A. (Luer) Luer Fig. 12

A. applanata (Luer & Dalstrém) Luer Fig. 13

P. archidiaconi Ames [=A. is] 2

A. arctata (Luer) Luer ... Fig. 14

A. ascera (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer ............... Fic 15

A. asplundii (Luer) Ler... F 5 16

aurita (C.Schweinf.) Luer............... Fig

payee odes Mader eee 218

A. batracha (Luer & Hirtz) Luer. Fig 19

A. baudoensis (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer .... Fig 20.

A. belocardia (Schltr) Loess page. a

N ret Pa Lf Jk ee ee ee

eee ee Re pale stoscisenn

‘ te vis et ie 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d, 22e, 22f, ig 2h

road Aen Wenysaeee hope ee ee ee

A. bothras (Luer =) Le Se ia Fig. 24

Reso 1g. 2%.

P rachsbeparas edie =A; rtlsodetemeaes y ysepala] Hey

pe 7 — for P. cardiocrepis Braid, non Rchb.f Fig. 26.

P buchteni Sch. [A Mngudiengy Fig. 27

- Luer & R REscobar x Fig. 28

lad wack eee eres. ig. 28.

- calamif Men : R. R Escobar) Opies See Fig. 29.

. ee NaR as we oh cad voor cer taes eee Fig. 30.

Mie Fig. 31

= (Luce & R Escobad ing Fig. 32

i cali eb) fo =~

tide dc oo ne ig.

cardia Babee jpoyligs Patek ee Fig. 35

" ochila (L.O.Willj

Fcascones a oe Serre Fig. 36

- cardiocrepis (Rchb.f.) Luer, p. 103.

ebay (Rehb.f.) Luer..

P cardiophylla Shi eg Fig. 37.

A. cardiostola (Rehb. seeks . subsp Sign,

A. eardiothallis (Rete (ema BSkec yee. TS eee ere Fig. ae ee

ig. 39.

18e reece

Toe ee eee

TIRS*O# heey esen esate secens

eee erese

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 65

Pleurothallis cardium Rchb.f. [=A. bivalvis]

Acronia e r

Fig. 40.

A. carnosa (Braid) Luer Fig. 41.

A. carrenoi (Carnevali & I.Ramirez) Luer Fig. 42.

A. cassidata (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer Fig. 43

A. cedrinorum (Luer & Dalstrém) Luer. Fig. 44a, 44b

P. chachatoynsis Schltr. [=A. microcardia]

A. chama (Luer) Luer Fig. 45.

A. chaparensis Luer & Vasquez Fig. 46.

P. chanchamayoensis Schltr. “[=A. bivalvis]}

A. chavezii (Luer) Luer Fig. 47

P. choroniensis Schnee [=A. cardiostola]

A. cobriformis (L.O.Williams) Luer Fig. 48

A. complanata (Luer & Hirtz) Luer Fig. 49.

A. compressa (Luer) Luer Fig. 50.

P. concaviflora C.Schweinf. [=A. excavata]

A. conicostigma (Luer) Luer Fig. 51.

A. constricta (Luer & R. cee) Luer liad 52.

A. convexa (Luer & Hirtz) Lue g. 53.

A. cordata (Ruiz & Pav.) Luer dewey enemat ri cas is Fig. 54a, _ Sane 54d.

A. cordata subsp. rhopalocarpa (Schitr.) Luer Fig. 55a, 55b.

A. cordata subsp. trachysepala (Kraenzl.) Luer Fig. 56.

A. cordifolia (Rchb.f. & Wagener) Luer Fig. 57.

A. coriacardia (Rchb.f.) Luer Fig. 58

P. corralensis Garay [=A. coriacardia]

A. correllii (Luer) Luer Fig. 59

A. corysta (Luer) Luer Fig. 60

P. costaricensis Rolfe [=A. whereas.

P. crassapex Luer [=A.

A. crateriformis (C. Schweinf.) Luer Fig. 61.

A. crossota (Luer & Dalstrém) Luer Fig. 62.

A. crucifera (Luer & Hirtz) Luer Fig. 63.

P. cubitoria Luer [=A. microcardia subsp. cubitoria]

. culpamea Luer, new name for P. privigna Fig. 64.

P. cundinamarcae Schltr. [=A. microcardia subsp. microcardia]

P. curvifructa H.G.Jones, page 206.

A. cutucuensis (Luer) Luer Fig. 65.

A. cuzcoensis Luer, new name for P. juninensis var. subaequisepald...........-+------ Fig. 66.

A. cyanea (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer Fig. 67.

A. deflexa (Luer) Luer Fig. 68.

A. dejavu (Luer & Hirtz) Luer Fig. 69.

A. depressa (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer Fig. 70.

A. dewildei (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer Fig. 71.

A. diabolica (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer Fig. 72.

A. diazii Luer & End Fig. 73.

A. dibolia (Luer) Luer Fig. 74.

A. dilemma (Luer) Luer Fig. 75.

A. discoidea (Lindl.) Luer Fig. 76a, 76b.

A. dorotheae (Luer) Luer Fig. 77

racuncula Luer & Hirtz Fig. 78

A. dubbeldamii (Luer) Luer Fig. 79.

P. embreei Luer & Hirtz [=A. cedrinorum]

A. ensata (Luer) Luer Fig. 80.

A. epiglottis (Luer) Luer Fig. 81.

P. erymnochila Luer seat cordata subsp. A. trachysepala|

A. erythrium (Luer) Lue: Fig. 82

66 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acroni barii Luer Fig. 83

A t (Si hitr. ) Luer Fig. 84

Pleurothallis exserta Luer [=A. diabolica]

A. fantastica (Ames) Luer Fig. 85

P filifera Lindl. [=A. macra]

A. folsomii Luer & Endara Fig. 86

A, & End: Fig. 87

P. fornix (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer [=A. calceolaris] :

A. fossulata (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer Fig. 88

P. fuscata Braid [=A. bivalvis]

A. (l uer) Luer Fig 89

A. ganymedes (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer Fig. 90

Pal ac cen: a) Luer Fig. 91

. geographica (Luer) Luer Fig. 92

A, . na

A: Bald (er) er Sse

A. glabra (Luer & R.Escobar) Lucr.... i.

A. globosa (Luer & REscobar) Luer. a ‘a

P. gonioglossa Schltr. [=A. sanchoi] By

P. graciliscapa C.Schweinf. [=A. phyllocardioides]

ee melee Fig. 97a, 97b

<p anion feaaye es ie gro ae }

P. harlingii Garay [=A. bivalvish platysepala]}

A. hawkinsii Luer & Er :

1G ja OCC Fig. 98

i deg! . Peers 0) apenas Fig. 99

A. hoeijeri pecul (Luer) ey ines Cages eee Fig 100

A-homa tha (Sch, Pose [upebareeemen Fig —

maepena: intholdes Sehiie LA ig. 102.

i “ages ~ homalantha]

P peri leet Pee “be Wer shelass fan cen cape ldess 2. Fig. 103

- ignivomi Schitr., ne aa

P. imago Lier fai pitiones for P. pichinchae Schltr. [=A. bivalvis]

A. imperialis (Luer) Luer.. :

- index Luer) The Be 542 2s Uae eseenee'e Fi 24 104.

iononthe Rohb 1c on cena. Fig. 105.

A. iris Luer & alge ae ij

A. isthmica (Luer) Luer 77" Fig. 106.

mg jaramilloi DUSES4 bb teueeomn cee Fig 107.

juninensis Schltr, [=A. wage nrnnneee Fig. 108.

rns guile CSch. od crea

. s <2 . oo >

Jupiter Ler) Laer. Stent [=A. euzcoensis

- killipii (Garay) rags CO opse tens Fig. 109

“ bana (es) bun i Le CUS0 ig ae Fig 1 10.

hinlece Fig. 111.

lansbergiana HY ahr sey j :

A. pisbersii Regel =A. bivalvis)

A, putipetala (Garay) Luer

° emniscifolia (Luer Ji ge Fig. 112.

aioe Schltr [=A. riacardia] Fig. 113.

tr.

P lilianiae Luer (=A. bivan 7 .

: =A, bivalvis i :

A. llje Folia) Luer "8! ea

era (Lindl.) Loe: Ete ee Fig 1 15.

Peewee.

os Pete ee,

ede te

VEU POR eens cies ss a>

PRS Pee Rises ene

Fig. | 16.

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE

Acronia llanganatensis Luer & Hirtz Fig. 117.

A. loreae (Carnevali & I.Ramirez) Luer Fig. 118.

A. lunaris (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer Fig. 119.

A. lutheri Luer & Endara Fig. 120.

A. macra (Lindl.) Luer Fig. 121.

A. macrocardia (Rchb.f.) Luer Fig. 122.

A. maduroi (Luer) Luer Fig. 123.

A. magnipetala (C.Schweinf.) Luer Fig. 124.

Pleurothallis mariae Bock [=A. discoidea]

A. marthae (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer Fig. 125.

astodon (Luer & Hirtz) Luer Fig. 126.

A. matudana (C.Schweinf.) Luer Fig. 127.

P. matudiana C.Schweinf. [=A. matudana]

A. megaglossa (Luer & Dalstrém) Luer Fig. 128.

A. megalorhina (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer Fig. 129.

A. microcardia subsp. microcardia (Rchb.f.) Luer Fig. 130.

A. microcardia subsp. cubitoria (Luer) Luer. Fig. 131.

A. microcardia subsp. tamaensis (Foldats) Luer. Fig. 132.

A. millei (Schltr.) Luer Fig. 133.

P. monocardia Rchb.f. [=A. cordata subsp. cordata]

P. morrisii Fawc. & Rendle [=A. discoidea]

A. muriculata (Luer & Hirtz) Luer Fig. 134.

P. nemorum Schitr. [=A. homalantha]

P. nephrocardia Schitr. [=A. tridentata]

A. nephroglossa (Schitr.) Luer Fig. 135.

P. nervosa Braid [=A. hom

A. nipterophylla (Luer) Luer Fig. 136.

A. nitida (Luer) Luer Fig. 137.

P. northenae Luer [=A. latipetala]

A. nossax (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer Fig. 138.

A. obpyriformis (Luer) Luer Fig. 139.

A. octavioi (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer Fig. 140.

A. omoglossa (Luer) Luer Fig. 141.

A. oncoglossa (Luer) L Fig. 142.

P. opeatorhyncha me tn EA. ruberrima]

A. ortegae (Luer & Hirtz) Luer Fig. 143.

A. orygmoglossa Luer & Dressler Fig. 144.

A. oxapampae (Luer) Luer Fig. 145.

. palliolata (Ames) Luer Fig. 146.

A. pandurata (Luer & rps Luer Fig. 147.

A. pansamalae (Schitr.) L Fig. 148.

P. pansamalae vat. Gable Correll [=A. correllii]

A. paquishae (Luer) Luer Fig. 149.

A. peculiaris (Luer) Luer Fig. 150.

A. eur angy (Luer) Luer Fig. 151.

A. penelops (Luer) Luer. Fig. 152.

RP perforata Luer & Hirtz [=A. adelphae]

A. perijaensis (Dunsterv.) Lue Fig. 153.

peroniocephala (Luer) Luer Fig. 154.

A. perryi (Luer) Luer Fig. 155.

A. persimilis (Luer & Hirtz) Luer Fig. 156.

P. phaeantha Schltr. LaF bivalvis]

A. phyllocardia (Rchb.f.) Luer Fig. 157.

A. phyllocardioides (Schitr.) Luer Fig. 158a, 158b, 158c.

A. todea (Luer) Luer Fig. 159.

oo : 2

P. pichinchae Schltr. [=A. bivalvis]}

68 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia pileata (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer Fig. 160.

Pleurothallis platycardium Schltr. [=A. cordata subsp. trachysepala]

A. platypetala (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer Fig. 161.

A. platysepala (Schitr.) Luer Fig. 162.

A portillae (1 uer) | uer Fig. 163.

P.privigna Luer & Hirtz [=A. culpamea] é

A. latic uer) Luer Fig. 164.

P. pulvinaris Luer & R.Escobar [=A. platysepala]

P. pulvinipes Schltr. [=A. macrocardia]

A. radula (Luer) Luer Fig. 165.

A, rectipetala (Ames & | Schweinf. ) Luer Fie 166.

A. recurvata (Luer & Hirtz) Luer ...... Fig. 167.

A. reginae (Garay) Luer, page 181. q

A. MS (EMS) LAME naa ccsssececscsncs Fig. 168.

P. rhaphidopus Schltr. (=A. phyllocardioides| z

ry rhodoglossa (Schitr.) Luer......cccccecco... Fig. 169a, 169b.

psn ney pe Schltr. [=A. cordata subsp. rhopalocarpa]

ripleyi (Luer) Luer.............. dil eeceds Fig. 170

Soscsaen ne) le Fig. 171.

A. ruberrima fea) Las. a Fig. 172, 172b, 172c.

epee fe eemnnnnenrnnennastnese Fig. 173.

flr says ma eee Fig. 174

. rutrifolia (CSchweint) “191 ag aereemmeme 4 g ni

i. mates Schltr) Laer renee Fig ns

& R ee te ee 1g *

Sse meee - saeaamammeee Fig we

eect ues) cool) a een ie. 180.

: cepts Sete in A am Fig. 180.

P. schlechteriane NER Fig. 181

P. scitula Luer [= rectipetala ]

P. scleropus Schitr. [=A a.

sculptlis Luer [=A. stelidilabia},

(Luer) Ler...

A ia... Fig. 182

/mdisecstc. oo Fig. 183

A. (Schl) e ee. Fig. 184

F sigsigensis Schltr. [= bi ralvis] Foye ft CYMAPO OTe tedcens Gel leswoccces, Fig 185

A. Siphealnenn (ace 6 oe F

P Smithii nartyee fs R-Escobar) gad eee Cee eee Fig 187

Lae

* sotarae (Schitr.) Lucy voees " Cagiesee. 2 es Fig. 188.

A. stelidilabia (Luc) et 4 oe ie

A. stellata (LRamfice @ er Fig. 191

Pp Stenocardium Schltr ‘Camevali) Luer peett . Fig. 192

Pp Ran [=A. bivalvis] ei a ee &

A. stenota microcardia subsp microcardia]

A. subtilis ( Ate ee a . 3

P subulate Rote en Wel sera Fig. 194

P Fe aap cardiothallis] SUSt* EStO6 0 Eke Shhh Cele ae cre Fig. 1 =

re Suinii Luer, }

; Syringifolia Siaeaieecgs: 6: PBotcrsp as. eg i

P. tamaensis Poldae A. eae. Me

microcardia subsp. tamaensis]

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 69

Acronia tandapiensis Luer & Hirtz Fig. 196.

A. teaguei (Luer) Luer Fig. 197.

A. telamon (Luer) Luer Fig. 198.

A. titan (Luer) Luer Fig. 199.

A. tonduzii (Schitr.) Luer Fig. 200.

Pleurothallis trachysepala Kraenzl. [=A. cordata subsp. trachysepala]

A. tragulosa (Luer & Hirtz) Luer Fig. 201.

A. transversilabia (Carnevali & G.A.Romero) Luer Fig. 202.

P. triangulabia C.Schweinf. [=A. phyllocardia]

A. tridentata (Klotzsch) Luer Fig. 203a, 203b, 203c.

A. troglodytes (Luer) Luer Fig. 204.

A. tuberculosa (Luer & Hirtz) Luer Fig. 205.

A. tyria (Luer & Hirtz) Luer Fig. 206.

A. undulata (Poepp. & Endl.) Luer Fig. 207.

A. upanoensis (Luer & Hirtz) Luer Fig. 208.

A. valladolidensis (Luer) Luer Fig. 209.

A. variabilis (Luer) Luer Fig. 210

P. veraguacensis Luer (=A. cordifolia]

A. vinealis (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer Fig. 211.

A. volans (Luer & Hirtz) Luer Fig. 212.

P. yungasensis Rolfe [=A. ruberrima]

. zarumae (Luer & Hirtz) Luer Fig. 213.

About the key

In order to construct a key to the species, it is necessary to divide the mass into

manageable lots. A first dichotomy has customarily been the habit, which, in this

section, is represented by only one truly repent species (Acronia reptans) and only

two normally prolific species (A. killipii and A. vinealis). They will separate easily

in their respective lots. Likewise, there is a sharply compressed ramicaul in only

one species (A. compressa), and it, too, separates easily in its proper lot.

Where to begin a key to the species of this section is not obvious. The follow-

ing is a totally artificial key, the result of numerous trials, and hopefully without too

many ambiguities and errors. Species too close to the limits of a division, will be

found in the lots on either side. Variable species will appear in more than one lot.

Vaguely known species are not included in the key.

KEY TO THE LOTS

1 Mature leaf cuneate, extremely narrowly cordate, or rounded at the base......Lot 1

1’ Mature leaf cordate at the base 2

2 Spathe foliaceous or conspicuous, erect or suberect Lot 2

2’ Spathe inconspicuous, prone 3

3 Dorsal sepal less than 5 mm long Lot 3

3’ Dorsal sepal more than 5 mm long 4

4 Dorsal sepal between 5 and 10 mm long Lot 4

4’ Dorsal sepal more than 10 mm long 5

5 Dorsal sepal between 10 and 20 mm long Lot 5

5’ Dorsal sepal greater than 20 mm long Lot 6

70 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF ACRONIA

SECTION MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE

LOT 1 - Leaf cuneate to rounded at the base, or extremely narrowly cordate

I" Plant caespi 2

2 Mature leaf less than 1 cm wide... 3

2’ Mature leaf more than 1 cm wide 13

3 Leaf linear with sides i 4

3’ Leaf linear to narrowly ovate without sides recurved 9

4 Synsepal concave, filled with a proportionately large lip 5

4 Symsepal not CONCAVE ..eeceeeeeeceecceocec ‘ ith 7

Lip markedly geniculate... cece. A. subtilis

> Upmteencute. 6

6 Lip triangular with prominent verrucae A

ans Prominent verrucae................... arctata

6' Lip subquadrate without _.. = + 2 ee A. calamnifolia

7 Dorsal sepal elongate with sides ssi

3. =e A.

T Dorsal sepal not elongate with sides recurved... oe

& Le gomm long, thickly triangular with a claw.......... A. portillae

long, oblong with recurved sides... A. lemniscifolia

9 Petals triangular, about half

, 7 as long as the lip......... 10

9 Petals narrowly linear, as long as the lip Se - 11

10 Leaf thi

10° Leaf nce Senet Sepals 3-4 mm long...

ly fleshy; sepals 7-9 mm We

A. sergioi

A. ensata

LP channeled with a large glenion

I Lip not channeled with lage plenion 2" eer:

12 Leaf narrow i ;

12" Leafmaawoi linean 1 epy form, PK a iececacorennacnenenecene A. obpyriformis

BR linear; lip Ong, shallowly concave... A. acestrophylla

Leaf fusiform; .

13° Not the above ~~ Sepal 3 times longer than wide Pen kaneesivecseicleweos. A. cuzcoens is

Poor ee ae . 1 4

“4 Leaf MTOLY cuneate atthe base... 15

at the base, very shallowly cordate... 21

Oo Sete nere ee

... A. tuberculosa

6 ra [UA or vee

Dorsal sepal 5. Ct HORS ag tn ee 17

Pron teeens ek 19

es io ae

17’ Petals devs meer maily as long as the s :

“4 not nearly as long as dig he Ae Oe ene A. eer

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE

A. isthmica

18 Petals glabrous; lip less than 4 mm long

18’ Petals minutely denticulate; lip more than 6 mm IONE eebudeew A. ataact one

19 Petals triangular; lip transverse

19’ Not the above

A. tragulosa

20 Dorsal sepal orbicular; petals pubescent

20’ Dorsal sepal elliptical; petals not pubescent

A. platysepala

A. tyria

21 Dorsal sepal cucullate, spotted

A. cobriformis

21’ Dorsal sepal ovate, unspotted

22 Petals fimbriate or lacerate

22’ Petals entire or minutely denticulate, erose

A. nitida

23 Petals 1 mm wide, long-fimbriate

A. lacera

23’ Petals 3 mm wide, coarsely lacerate

24 Petals concave at the apex

24’ Petals not concave at the apex

25 Petals cucullate above the middle

25’ Petals dorsally carinate, not cucullate

A. scaphipetala

26 Lip saccate with erect basal processes A. excavata

26’ Lip not saccate, with erect basal angles A. dorothea

27 Petals obovate 28

27’ Petals not obovate 29

28 Petals 1.5 mm long; lip with tall, basal processes

28’ Petals 4-5 mm long; lip with short, basal DEDCESBES. |G eterd esses A. saccatilabia

29 Petals minutely denticulate, erose 30

29” Petals entire 31

30’ Sepals less than 4 mm long A. leucantha

30’ Sepals 5-6 mm long A. sanchoi

31 Lip with the blade triangular, acute 32

31’ Lip oblong-ovate, obtuse 33

32 Petals narrowly elliptical; lip with 2 pyramidal calli

bitumida

A. acutilabia

32’ Petals broadly elliptical; lip

A. stenota

33 Sepals narrowly ovate, more than 10 mm long

A. discoidea

33° Sepals ovate, less than 10 mm long

LOT 2 - Leaf cordate; spathe large or conspicuous

1 Ramicaul sharply compressed

A. compressa

1’ Ramicaul terete

2 Synsepal concave

2’ Synsepal not concave

72 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

3 Synsepal concave centrally, with the sides convex

3° Synsepal concave without the sides convex

A. sannio

4 Synsepal deeply concave-cucullate

4 Synsepal shallowly concave

A. stelidilabia

2 Synsepal reflexed 180°...

A. penelops

6 Lip thin, broadly concave .. A. valladolidensis

6" Lip not broadly concave 7

7 Bo thick, eet OF VeITUCOSE.............. 8

7 Lip neither rugose nor verrucose...._ 13

lhe sen aye he eh re 9

8 Lip verrucose or papillose............ 10

ioe, sights no gyn ee

g a central depression A. jaramilloi

ie bile a large glenion jazi

10” Lipnothastate with large glenion 777777777" ner

II Petals ovate, unguiculate pee

U1” Petals oblong, not unguiculate 227777 ne

12 Dorsal sepal 3-v

“ Gone co A. radula

$221.0: ven re A. folsomii

13 Lip acute} °

<< tba Laney: 180 near the middle Pothse. .

iE TEE te had opdigp <tok e een e 1

Dorsal T- to 9-

“ Donatsien : cs ed A. latipetala

ma A. dejavu

with lobe-like, lateral

5 Lip-widoae} ateral angles. ee Rages i 16

obe-like, lateral opcme ts ee 18

16 Lip transverse with

16° Lip with sone} broad, lateral POR A. troglodytes

: pes, not tranevene | 17

: 7 Lateral lobes near the

17° Lateral lobes basal, retrorse mae diverging 180°. A. peculiaris

Pe io ac (ee ...A. diabolica

adnan ootay? Without demarcations .. 19

i ips ~~ “S@' Tone and an apical zone. 27

: Breit hashes

19 Lip without recurved Sepa plope: ee. A. altimonile

He a | 20

20° Petale Ta 3 wnuicute ere or ertiessses cee

Peeters ees.,

Dik tr Peed evennibeecdnn sce

teens

A. lillijae

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 73

21 Lip triangular, cleft just below the apex A. apopsis

21’ Lip oblong-ovate, not cleft at apex 22

22 Lip convex above the middle, with a small glenion at the base A. giraldoi

22’ Lip not convex above the middle 23

23 Lip with a large, deep glenion A. bothros

23’ Lip with a shallow glenion 24

24 Sepals pubescent A. rectipetala

24’ Sepals glabrous 25

25 Synsepal narrowly ovate; lip acute A. index

25’ Synsepal ovate; lip obtuse 26

26 Petals about twice as long as the lip A. prolaticollaris

26’ Petals slightly shorter than the lip A. fonnegrae

27 Lip with smooth, basal zones to either side of the glenion 29

27’ Lip demarcated by a low, marginal callus into a basal-central zone, and an api-

cal-marginal zone, the disc cleft 30

28 Dorsal sepal 9-veined A, perryi

28’ Dorsal sepal 3- to 5-veined 29

29 Mature plant large with ramicauls over 10 cm long A. phyllocardia

29’ Mature plant small with ramicauls less than 10 cm long............... A. rubroinversa

30 Mature plant small, ramicauls less than 6 cm long A. carrenoi

30’ Mature plant with ramicauls 10 to 30 or more cm long 31

31 Synsepal broadly transverse, shorter than the dorsal sepal A. ortegae

31’ Synsepal not shorter than the dorsal sepal 32

32 Synsepal concave; petals broad, shortly unguiculate.............---------s1se0+ A. volans

32’ Synsepal not concave; petals not unguiculate 33

33 Synsepal with sides revolute A. alopex

33’ Synsepal with sides not revolute 34

34 Petals elliptical-ovate D. cardiostola

34’ Petals thick, linear A. adelphae

LOT 3 - Leaves cordate; sepals up to 5 mm long

1 Ovary verrucose 2

Y Ovary not verrucose 4

2 Leaf convex A. phymatodea

2’ Lip concave 3

3 Lip without calli at the base A. canaligera

3’ Lip concave with a pair of calli at the base..............-+-s:-ssesesrereeesoes A. nipterophylla

4 Dorsal sepal and synsepal deeply concave A. sphaerantha

4’ Dorsal sepal and synsepal not deeply concave 5

14 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

5 Pet sale corinate: Ii tri A. baudoensis

5’ Petals not carinate; lip not Aas ovate-tri acasatil 6

6 Petals linear, 0.25 mm wide; lip obpyriform, convex A. obpyriformis

6° Petals more than 0.25 mm wide; lip not obpyriform 4

7 Petals 1 mm wide, denticulate; lip thick, 1.5 mm long and wide A. cordata

7 not the above 8

8 Lip concave 9

8° Lip ip not 11

. iL transversely siieg when expanded A. transversilabia

10 Lip thick, obtuse, cordate when expanded A. tridentata

10° Lip deeply concave, acute .. A. ambyx

11 Dorsal sepal 2.5 mm long; lip ca. 1 mm long A iocephal

; peroniocephala

i’ Dorsal sepal more than 3 mm long; lip 1.5-2 mm long 12

12 Lip with the glenion bilobed ..

, IP With the glenion bilobed ...................... A. rhodogl

12" Lip with the glenion entire... oe “13

13 Lip triangular, acute; column-foot elon it

: el gate.. A. correllii

13 Lip ovate, obtuse; column-foot not elongate... 14

, simultaneously cae A. dibolia

14 Laat hebiact a flowers produced singly, successivel 15

13 Li

“4 Rnd ess page — length of the blade...............A. pensar

16 Leaf less than 5

long; sepals less than 4.5 mm 1 oe dioides

16° Leaf 7-9 em iene sepals 4.5-5.5 mm lo ees ee ‘ ee

LOT 4 - Dorsal s, 15.

1 Dorsal €pal 5-10 mm long (3-veined)

pha ag (rarely with a pair of faint or incomplete,

I Dorsal sepa 5-10 Tveg ‘6

2 Leaves broad!

Avice obtuse, ee: deeply cordate at base; lip thick, ovate-

? Not the above aon Or cence a.

. TPC CbCHS Fee Reitcesnces 2%

3 Seal ly a oar ap and lip ciliate... cordata subsp. trachysepala

. and lip mi microscopically denticulate A

NESS oa Povate, round at the apex, noticeably longer than the synsepal.....~~

4’ Dorsal sepal ovate ai ..A. cordata subsp. rhopalocarpa

~ than the synsepal._ ical, ‘subacute to obtuse. at the apex, not noticeably longer

rh... . cordata subsp. cordata

€s Rot broadly oy,

acute to obtuse ( bane bes Hptasaras dorsal sepal elliptical-ovate, sub-

‘Uculate, longer than the lip; lip. th incomplete lateral veins); petals oblong, den-

5° Not the above” Sage wee bongo prae. omeally eee ene woeanbers

ree oe tenes, aaa Peer eses A, bi valvis

blah TT ee 8 etee 6

ft tt te ee bas ak

eee Nantel treke 3

—

— S|

Rewer a 4 |

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 75

6 Leaf more than 5 times longer than wide 7

6’ Leaf less than 5 times longer than wide 8

7 Lateral Sepals am snow w white; lip dark purple A. hemileuca

7 Not with the abov A. bivalvis (P. angusta)

8 Flower appressed against the leaf; lip appressed against the synsepal.............-..--+. 9

8’ Flower not appressed against the leaf; lip not appressed against the synsepal......10

9 Dorsal sepal ovate, acute at the apex; lip slightly concave A. applanata

9 Dorsal sepal obovate, round at the apex; lip slightly convex............ A. complanata

10 Column slender, elongate, 3 mm long A. giraffa

10’ Column stout, short, less than 2 mm long 11

11 Sepals and lip with sides recurved A. recurvata

11’ Sepals and lip not with sides recurved 12

12 Petals as long as the synsepal A. omoglossa

12’ Petals not as long as the synsepal 13

13 Petals shorter than the A. coriacardia

13’ Petals about as long as or eqpete: than the lip 14

14 Petals at least twice longer than the lip A. crucifera

14’ Petals less than twice longer than the lip 15

15 Petals as wide as the lip A. magnipetala

15’ Petals not as wide as the lip 16

16 Petals obovate, obtuse, apiculate A. semiscabra

16’ Petals not obovate, obtuse, apiculate 17

17 Petals decurved, then curved upward above the middle 18

17’ Petals not decurved and curved upward 19

18 Petals lobed at the base, otherwise 0.5 mm wide A. mastodon

18° Petals 1.25 mm wide with recurved Margis..........-+-seseeeeseerrereees A. dubbeldamii

19 Petals fringed below the middle A. braidiana

19’ Petals not fringed only below the middle 20

20 Petals slender, less than 1 mm wide 21

20’ Petals 1 mm or more wide 26

21 Petals 3 mm or less long, less than half as long as the synsepal............. A. sigynes

21’ Petals 3-7 mm long; more than half as long as the SYNSEPAL.... sac c-oennnvcresennaeee 22

22 Plant small to medium; leaves io 5 cm wide 23

22’ Plant large; leaves 2.5-6 cm w 24

23 Lip oblong-ovate, not concave A. erythrium

23’ Lip ovate, concave above a transverse callus A. tridentata

16 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

24 Dorsal sepal and lip broadly ovate, obtuse A oa

24’ Dorsal sepal elliptical-ovate, acute

25 Lip erly: concave and denticulate with the glenion elevated....... rutrifolia

25’ Not the abo A. undulata

= pron eg “rete denticulate; lip thick, channeled centrally.......4. blepharopetala

"Not the above ........ 27

27 Petals aera lip deeply concave with thick margins A. loreae

oP Nate above 2. 28

28 Lip with a distinct claw ................. 29

28" Lip not with a distinct claw... 30

29 Lip lifted above the synsepal by a Oren claw A.o l

9 Lip lift rygmoglossa

29° Lip with claw as long as the column-foot............... A. homeroi

30 Lip with a high, triangular callus at A. epiglotti

30° Neth —— Sle

31 Lip with a concave, subpyramidal A j

31” Not the above... = Pad. : a ae cdl

ING wees ede

Pee a ewaat a MANGER StVeweiee tens dese Ciccsias cca, :

ey stig Y obpyriform eee A. chavezii

CiPR7 Eee eagle ee eae 34

34 Lip oblo with

9 Net he ere cscs. %6

35 Lip with the the

35 Li z ees at Gas tt OTe etree ee asec eedences esl oc A millet

P With the tip ‘Leg. ieee A. oxapampae

ete vieeeiias convex oe with ae demarcated lateral and apical

36° Not the aboig 2 eset;

Lip pandurate

vl Not the above ~_ central pair of Loci dup aac, Ce ee a ee A. pene’

Sin

38° Not the above “Batu say 4 nan vtveianens ede. shehoneees

= N ror Se vbytayg GG vhee te eee A. scabrilinguis

Aigeee | ee 40

40 Lip ovate,

40° Not the above ick alu Channeled, arcuate. 41

Pisticeny 2 ae 42

41 Petals Wie

41° Petals denticulate 3 : Hers UES hbecee ys ee eee a matudana

. ee a te hicsseean As tandapiensis

42° Not Teinal angles at

2° Not the above et A omoglossa

: vs KP eee eeeces verees 43

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE

43 Lip with the oer eS

A. rhodoglossa

43” Lip with the g

44 Lip wider than long

A. hawkinsii

44’ Lip longer than wide

45 Petals linear, acute, longer than the lip

45’ Petals narrowly triangular, shorter than the lip

undulat

A. coriacardia

Dorsal sepal 5-10 mm long (5- to multiveined)

47’ Lip entire

48° Lip not concave

46 Dorsal sepal cucullate 47

46’ Dorsal sepal not cucullate 50

47 Lip with acute lateral lobes below the middle A. pileata

48 Lip deeply concave A. ambyx

49 Lip with basal lobes flanking the column A. globosa

49° Lip truncate at the base A. galerita

50 Lip with large, obtuse lateral lobes, and small, channeled middle lobe

A. fantastica

50’ Lip oblong-ovate, entire 51

51 Lip concave or with a cavity 52

51’ Lip neither concave nor with a cavity

52 Lip broadly concave with smooth margins

A. pelicophora

52’ Lip not broadly concave with smooth margins

A. crateriformis

53 Sepals verrucose; lip thick, deeply concave

A. culpamea

53’ Sepals smooth; lip with a shallow convexity

54 Petals and lip ciliate

A. crossota

54’ Petals and lip not ciliate

A. homalantha

55 Petals 1 mm wide, 1-veined

A. glabra

55’ Petals 2.6 mm wide, 3-veined

LOTS - Dorsal sepal 10-20 mm long (3-veined)

1 po sepal —— (rarely with a pair of faint or incomplete,

CESSOry vein

1’ Dorsal sepal a to see haasar

2 Plant normally prolific

2’ Plant not normally prolific

A. vinealis

3 Lip entire

A. killipii

cy Lip spiculate ..

4 Dorsal sepal 4-5 times longer than

wide

4’ Dorsal sepal not 4-5 times longer than wide

78 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

5 Lip convex A. bulbosa

5’ Lip not convex 6

6 Lip pubescent A. hispidula

6’ Lip not pubescent 7

7 Flowers single, successive, prostrate................ A. microcardia subsp. microcardia

7° Flowers multiple, simult nodding A. stenota

8 Dorsal sepal at least 3 times longer than wide 9

8” Dorsal sepal less than 3 times longer than wide 11

9 Leaf broadly and very deeply cordate A. paquishae

9” Leaf shallowly cordate 10

10 Lip large, about as wide as tt synsepal A. cha ;

the | parensis

10" Lip large, but not as wide as the synsepal A. carnosa

11 Leaf 4-5 times longer than wide........ 12

11 Leaf less than 4-5 times longer than wide 17

12 Leaf more or less pendent, suffused with

; : , purple... A. telamon

12’ Leaf erect to horizontal, not suffused with purple... 13

“A Saree duncle elongate with drooping Mower co. A. macra

le not elongate with drooping flower........... 14

Ig EP with a tall, grooved callus at the base.................... 15

Lip without a tall, grooved callus at the base............. 16

15 Petals minutely serrulate inleyi

15 Stig date bsg ug oh = Sense nee ear A. ripleyi

dco. ee genes A. variabilis

16 Sepals acute... ; A li.

FON aT Sa Merten nercentsencacessesecesecs.., } 1s

NO Sepals subecute to obtuse es

17 Petals ‘trig

17 Petals oblong? etl GE ica oP een A andreettae

“ce gacaen eS ee trtetseeeeseeeeee A, bivalvis (P. angusta)

18 Flower flat against tt i ;

18° Not as thes the leaf; lip Proportionately small, 3 mm long.......A. depressa

Dour tigecess foe eee 19

19 Dorsal sepal ii

19’ Dorsal Rathi lip obovate, arcuate... A. escobarii

ives P not obovate, arcuate 20

20 Synsepal deeply concay

20’ § vusepel ne yiece cs | TESS eget A. octavioi

zu Te ee eed 21

Synsepal shorter

and acutely deflexed 42053 wider than the dorsal sepal; lip convex at the base

Mite A. scurrula

Mmiecaeta: AT Tt ER eer we PoCUR Sere eceense Tee eene 22

22 Lip more than 10 mm 1

eericesg. ee 24

23 Lip with ee...

aa . 2 Sides Sree. *

23" Lip Without recurved siddeg 0777 eneeeneenee A. adonis

| a i eA. cardiophylax

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 79

24 Petals shorter than the lip 2

24’ Petals as long as or longer than the lip 26

25 Lip with the glenion concave between a pair of pyramidal calle 04. A. fossulata

25’ Lip without the glenion concave A. coriacardia

26 Lip with recurved or deflexed sides 27

26’ Lip with sides neither recurved nor deflexed 28

27 Lip subquadrate with the sides decurved above the middle A. deflexa

27’ Lip oblong with the sides recurved A. baezensis

28 Lip thick, obovate, pubescent, not convex A. dracuncula

28’ Lip ovate, not as a 29

29 Lip serrate, convex A. calogramma

29’ Lip microscopically denticulate, not convex A. bivalvis

Dorsal sepal 10-20 mm long (5- to multiveined)

30 Leaf with basal lobes elongate, horn-like A. dilemma

30’ Leaf with basal lobes round 31

31 Peduncle elongate, drooping 32

31’ Peduncle not elongate and drooping 33

32 Dorsal sepal much wider than the synsepal A. tragulosa

32’ Dorsal sepal not wider than the synsepal...........--.ssssssssssssrseeneenenees A. ruberrima

33 Sepals muriculate externally; lip cleft centrally A. muriculata

33’ Sepals not muriculate externally; lip not cleft GOMIREITTY i coax apesnneseceess tocecvasensenesess 34

34 Petals acuminate 35

34’ Petals not acuminate 36

35 Petals obovate, obtuse, acuminate A. platypetala

35’ Petals narrowly ovate, acute A. stellata

36 Lip broader than long 37

36’ Lip longer than broad nal

37 Lip broadly concave with callus at the base A. palliolata

37’ Lip not broadly concave 38

38 Petals and lip convex, diffusely echinate A. marthae

38” Petals and lip not convex and diffusely echinate 39

39 Lip convex above the middle with sides Decurved......-sseseecseereeerserseess A. cassidata

39” Lip shallowly concave at the glenion between a pair of calli 40

40 Dorsal sepal convex with revolute sides A. calceolaris

40° sepal not convex with revolute sides A. cyanea

41 Petals triangular, acute; lip subquadrate usually with apical margins more or less

thickened and incurved A. cardiothallis

41’ Not as above 42

80 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

42 Petals and lip papill A. iris

42° Petals and lip not papill 43

T's i.

43 Li triangular with he acute tip incurved

43° Lip not triangular with the tip incurved

A. oncoglossa

44 Lip panduriform with sides and apex acutely recurved A. tonduzii

44’ Lip not panduriform with sides and pex recurved 45

45 Lip thick, elliptical, shallowly concave with elevaled margins...........4. solomonii

45° Lip not shallowly concave with elevated margins 46

46 Lip thick, oblong with a pair of oval depressions below the middle........A. chama

46° Lip not with a pair of oval depressions below the middle 47

47 Lip thick, ovoid with a high inframarginal *‘U-shaped”’ callus A. hoeijeri

47° Lip simply oblong or ovate 48

PUTT ORP SOC onre reese cessenee

48 Lip more than 9 mm long

serena Smmiong. A. macrocardia

48 Lip less than 9 mm long Pei Ardchcscicas oes... 49

49 Lip with both halves convex, shallow] central]

Li : y channeled y A. bucculenta

49° Lip not with both halves hing 30

30 Petals 3-veined ccc

50” Petals L-veined rem nONa

51 Dorsal sepal 5-veined ....

SI" Donal sepal 7-veined 77777 35

52 Dorsal sepal orbicular: | astate jazit

Then sched Tee ahr

53 Lip ovoid, concave centr

$8 Lipnotconctven cn oa

34 Petals harrowly triangular, a

34° ‘peag eee A. cutucuensis

veteloas, Ns. c, 0) COV tee renaaS ..A. folsomii

55 Flowers yellowish brown: lip ent;

55° ; etna yy Oe i

Flowers bright ete e : ancl:

; LOT6 ~ Dorsal sepal longer than 2 cm

I Dore « E i cined (occasionally with incomplete accessory veins) 2

“pal with 3 or more complete veins... be : 7

' ee ee

7 Porsl seal not 4-5 times longer the gin 3

3 Dorsal sepal less than 25 mm long. ;

ye A. microcardia subsp. microcardia

Dorsal sepal more than 39 mm long.

theese,

Westerner ee ee

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 81

4 Petals filiform A. microcardia subsp. cubitoria

4’ Petals narrowly triangular A. microcardia subsp. tamaensis

5 Petals smooth, narrowly triangular, 3 mm wide A. canidentis

5’ Petals minutely denticulate, 1.5-2 mm wide 6

6 Lip oblong with sides decurved A. sotarae

6’ Lip tubular with sides revolute A. adonis

7 Leaf ca. 10 times longer than wide; peduncle more than 2 cm long....A. asplundii

7’ Not as above 8

8 Peduncle elongate with drooping flower

8’ Peduncle not elongate with drooping flower 11

9 Synsepal wider than the middle sepal 10

9’ Synsepal about as wide as the middle sepal A. zarumae

10 Sepals fleshy, rigid, synsepal deeply cucullate A. adeleae

10’ Sepals membranous, synsepal shallowly concave below middle.......A. ruberrima

11 Synsepal saccate at the base; lip long-unguiculate.........-..+-------se--ser A. nossax

11’ Synsepal neither saccate at the base, nor lip long-unguiculate.............ssssereee 12

je Synsepal deeply cucullate A ganymedes

12’ Synsepal not deeply cucullate 13

13 Petals less than 3.5 mm wide 14

13’ Petals more than 4 mm wide 30

14 Petals narrowly triangular, acute 15

14’ Petals variously oblong 20

15 Lip with recurved margins above the middle A. constricta

15’ Lip without recurved margins 16

16 Lip narrowly obtuse, incurved A. bovilingua

16’ Lip not narrowly obtuse, incurved ..... 17

17 Lip convex, not concave .. A. batracha

17’ Lip concave 18

18 Lip with thick margins A. dewildei

18’ Lip with thin margins............

19 Dorsal sepal more than 3 cm long .

19” Dorsal sepal ca. 2 cm long......... A. calolalax

20 Lip suborbicular, cordate at the base 21

20’ Lip not suborbicular and cordate at the base 22

21 Lip diffusely papillose............-.-- A. nephroglossa

21” Lip not diffusely papillose........ A. cardiochila

22 Lip with sides decurved above the middle into a tube..........--.++-++++ A. siphoglossa

22’ Not as above 23

82 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

23 Lip elongate with sides decurved the length of the lip

3 10,3 Lip not as ahove

24 Petals and iP minutely ciliate

4’ Petals and lip coarsely ciliate-pubescent

A. linguifera

A. serricardia

25 Lip ovate, smooth, er 10 mm long

25’ Lip less than 8 mm lon 27

26 Sepals more than 30 mm long A. sarcochila

26’ Sepals less than 23 mm long. A. robusta

27 Petals and lip glabrous 28

27’ Petals and lip ciliate-pubescent 29

28 Lip with sides recurved = the middle A. co

rysta

28’ Lip with sides not recurved... A. cedrinorum

29 he. with sides recurved or the middle. A. jupiter

29° Lip with sides not j

priniihiteescuk ec, A. grandiflora

Bei ir a4 ices (wide petals)

: por AS oy Saeed delieg eis aaaai A

0 Dorsal sepal 2-3 cm oe et re ay

a 31 Sepals short! pred shortly “ssa hae ag = ce anid Raa A beige

32 Lip longer than wide...

32° Lip not longer than wide 34

33 Lip convex with sides

33 Li tied pea ade age ee tae sae aa A. megalorhina

Lip conca with sides incurved ascera

34 Dorsal not

34 E pase emeial ay ientammenieee cee A set

‘ Hf pr so hae

7s Petals with markedly revolute ps te eee A. t

Convex without markedly revolute sides. nn 36

36° Lip not trans: ly a OY Sey a eae hi

win CO ee

37 Lip w without round, Pair ee agg DOE 8 ae ec ie 2 een an a ee A. maduroi

tpi A. llanganatensis

_ “IP suborbicular without

38° Lip with deeply concave riche oa ee ee A. suinii

recurved margi ioe. 39

39 Pedicels 4-5 cm lon

oe ae

39° Pedicels | 52% cm long 52 etter enrencenm tor connnsenre A. es

w iii

Petals glabrous; lip with

40° Petals Papillose: lip with the kas teoady ebdae pt he a ee Ai imperialis

rounded, recurved............. A. aguirrei

S ee

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 83

Acronia acestrophylla (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

.: From the Greek acestrophylla, *‘leaf like a darning needle,”” referring to the leaf.

Bas.: beaquaes ere Luer, ayer? 204, 1975.

Syn.: il ) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J ee 118, fe

Pes \

Plant small epiphytic caespitose; roots dictthcr t, 1-7

cm long, with 2-3 close, tubular sheaths on the lower third. Leaf seams or eben ky coria-

ceous, semiterete, linear-el liptical, acute, 47 cm long, 0. 3-0. 5 cm wide, the | base narro

sile. nee at ste “ats of

the wes ies less than 1 mm long, erin — the spathe; floral bracts tubular, 3 mm long;

pedice ovary 2 er giana subacute to

obtuse, 8 Sat mm rs 2 mm wide, 3-veined, the lat als 13

mm long, 2.5 mm wide, 4-veined; petals dark red, =saneo ke, acute, 2.5 mm ae 0.5 mm wide; lip

-purple, thick, —— 2.25 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, with the apex broadly rounded, the disc

shallowly concave, featureless, the base truncate, hinged to the column-foot; column stout, broadly

te beers PBST AA GNEA he t, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apical

h f Puyo, alt. 750 m, 29 pais 1975, C. Luer. G. Luer & S.

Wien #85 ol otype: SEL); Mera, epiphytic on Crescentia cujete tree in the village, alt. ca. 1100 m, 4

Asplund 20137 (S); near Puyo, alt. 1000 m, Oct. 1983, A. Hirtz 1302 (MO). Napo: new

a ee i Archidona to Coca, alt. 1200 m, 13 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores

11241 (MO); between Tena and Puerto or ae 580 m, 30 May 1986, C.H. ate & T.A. Dodson

16461 (MO); between Archidona and Coca, alt. 1000 m, ee rag 1990, S. Dalstrém & L. Arnby 1385

(MO). Tungurahua: near Rio Negro, alt. oe; m, 4 Mar 3, C.H. Dodson & L. "Thien 2320 (SEL).

Mersen-Sestings: Cordillera de Cutucii, alt. 1600 m, Nov. ie M.T. Madison, E.O. Bush, oe Davis

(SEL); between Gualaquiza and lndanes, alt. 1600 m, 20 Apr. 1985, G. Harling & L. rormees 24378

(GB); seer we Calagras, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11871 (MO). Zamora-Chinchipe:

bo' id, alt. 1900 m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10846 (MO).

PERU: porns Bagua, alt. 6,560 ft., P. Barbour 2803 (MO). Pasco: Oxapampa, alt. 1880 m, up

Santa Clara Valley, 10 July 1967, D.E. Bennett 2932 (SEL).

This little species, frequent in the lowlands of east central Ecuador and Peru, is

characterized by the slender, semiterete leaves that are narrowly cuneate at the base.

The tiny, purple flower is borne at the base of the leaf. The dorsal sepal and synse-

pal are obtuse and the petals are narrowly linear. The lip is thick, oblong, and not

channeled

Acronia acutilabia (Luer) | Luer, comb. no

Ety.: From “with an acute i.” referring to the labellum.

Bas.: Pleurothallis acutilabia Luer. , Orquideologia 21(2): 116, 1999.

Plant small to medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicenls slender, erect to

suberect, 4-7 cm m long, with a tig htly ft , and another at the base

Leaf suberect to Hsccheetn coriaceous, narrowly ovate, acute, bed cm long, 1-1.3 cm wide, the base

cuneate into the ie base. nce a solitary, yellow flow uced successively, borne by a

peduncle 4 mm ong baa by aspathe 4 mm long at the te of the leaf; pedicel 2.5 mm long;

floral bract 2.5 mm long; ovary 2.5 mm long; _ glabrous, the dorsal sepal and synsepal ovate,

bacute to obtuse, emaat the dorsal sepal 4.5 mm long, 3 mm wide unex led, 3-veined, the lateral

sepals connate into a synsepal 4.5 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, 4-veined; Aacgy yellow, — acute, 4

mm long, 2 mm wi de, 3-veined; lip yellow. w, triangular, ac ate, 2.5 mm lon g. 27 mm va wi opi-

th erec

disc

ey tr the hace 7

with a basal fees h hi

the column-foot; column semiterete, 1 5m mm m long, with the cite gen a stigma lane the foot thick.

COLOMBIA: Chocé6: San José del Palmar, Cerro del Torré, Rio Negro below heliport, alt. 1900 m, 15

Aug. 1988, J.E. Ramos, P.A. Silverstone-Sopkin, L. LH. Ramos et al. 1225 (Holotype: CUVC; Isotype: MO).

This species, apparently endemic in the Western Cordillera of Colombia, is

intermediate between sections Acroniae and Macrophyllae-Fascicultae. The short

peduncle and pedicel place it better in Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae.

Acronia acutilabia is characterized by slender ramicauls; spreading, narrowly

ovate leaves: successive flowers with a concave, obtuse dorsal sepal and synsepal;

elliptical petals nearly as large; and a triangular lip with an acute apex.

84 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia adeleae (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: Named for Adele D’ ho, with h |

Bas.: Pleurothallis adeleae Luer, Phytologia 49: 200, 1981.

Syn.: Zosterophyllanthos adeleae (Luer) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 118, 2001.

Plant large, robust, terrestrial, caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls stout, erect, 25-55 cm long, with

a close, tubular sheath below the middle and 2-3 other sheaths at the b erect, rigidly coriaceous,

elliptical-oblong, acute, shortly acuminate, 12-18 cm long, 3.5-7 cm wide, the base sessile, deeply cor-

date. Inflorescence a fascicle of 1-5, simultaneous, single flowers, borne from a prone spathe 2-2.5 cm

long, at the base of the leaf; peduncles 5-10 mm long, enclosed within th pathe; floral bracts tubular, 5

mm long; pedicels flaccid, 3-4 cm long; ovary 6-7 mm long, cellular-verrucose; sepals fleshy, shiny

Lk = s a A ¢hi

Dennis

species

bright dark purple externally, cellular-papillose within, with cellular-erose margins, the dorsal sepal

ovate, subacute, 17-32 mm long, 12-22 mm wide, 13-veined, the lateral sepals connate into a broadly

condate, ply concave, obtusely acuminate synsepal, 12-28 mm long, 16-30 mm wide unexpanded, 16-

Yemed’, petals purple above the middle, white below the middle, triangular, acute, 8-10 mm long, 3-3.25

mm wide, 3-veined, with arginal angle above the base t Jate the column; lip

white, thick, cellular-papillose with cellular-erose Margins, transversely ovate, 3-4 mm long, 4.75-6 mm

broad] , minutely apiculate, the disc convex with a cental, rounded callus,

the base truncate, hinged to the column-foot; column stout, dorsally compressed, 1 mm lon g,3mm

obsolescent, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

ge R: Loja: terrestrial on wet, grassy slopes south of Yangana, alt. 2250 m, 11 May 1981, C.

Pimond nb D'Alessandro 6148 (Holotype: SEL). y: Santa Rosa near Cuenca, alt. m,

18 Feb 1986, C 4 ). tiago: Cordillera del Condor, east of Guismé, alt. 1500 m,

del Condor cit ’ ain & A. Embree 11915 (MO). Zamora-Chinchipe: Cordillera

. : niros, t ’ _

& W. Teague J 3440 (MO). 50 m, 18 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta

; > terrestrial on road-cut, abandoned old road from Villa Tunari to Cochabamba,

Mt 1700 M30 Jan. 1997, C. Luer J. Luer,R. Vasquez, D. Ric & W. Teague 18337 (MO).

This strong, robust relative of Acronia ruberrima grows terrestrally on fully

seule a oer haabama as well as on road-cuts. It occurs on the eastern

from Peru. Se , Ecuador into Bolivia, but it has not yet been documented

~ Several large, showy flowers, similar to those of A. ruberrima but larger

borne simultaneously by long, drooping pedicels. In the origi-

convex, transverse ¥p. bot fa reas and petals contrasted markedly with the white,

Ocalities the floral colors are less vivid.

— — np litpae, Luer, comb. nov.

ea: Greek » 2 Sister,” referring to the close relationship to A. cardi tola.

rey Pleurothallis adelphe Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 11: 142, 1996. erro.

srabealis er & indleyana 11: 178, 1996,

LebaK; i, with a hole, referring to the deep cavity of the lip.

Plant large, AS esa aes slender, erect, 20-35 cm long, with a

ceous, narrowly ov; caths at the base. Leaf

sn Y Ovate, acute, 10-18 cm long, 3-7 cm wide, the

» a3. m

Pair of obtusely angled calli, the ping ‘ned margin, the disc with a circular cavity bet-

mm long, 1.5 mm broad, the foot thicy wath tuneate, hinged to foot: col nie

ECUADOR: Azuay: : i

(Holotype: MO), C. Lucrit © lee am Koen

1994. A. Hirtz 6018 (holers,

U: Paseo

Fostellum and stigma apical.

near oo 3000 m, Feb. 1985, A. Hirtz 2231

vp ’ ; cen Guamote and M alt. 2900 m

* South of Oxapampa, alt. 1800 m, 30 no yg ysuet lust. 17824. ee

, vt Tan. 1979, C. Luer & J. Lnor 3825 (SEL).

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 85

This species is related to Acronia cardiostola from which it is distinguished by

longer leaves; a smaller, sometimes prostrate spathe; and small, fleshy, brown

flowers with narrow, entire, one-veined petals. The lip is similar to that of A.

cardiostola, but smaller with a distinct, circular, central cavity.

Acton adonis (Luer) Luer, comb. aoe

Named fi eo see youth loved by Aphrodite.

oe Pleurothallis adonis Luer, Selbyana 3: 40, 197

Plant large, epiphytic to sa poen caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender to stout, 15-

40cm long, with a tubular sheath be Leaf suberect to spread-

ps coriaceous, ovate to narrowly nme: acute, 8-15 cm long, 2-5. 5 cm wide, the base sessile, deeply

ingle f 2-4 simultaneous ape tye from a

reclining spathe 1-2 cm long; ee 2-4 mm long within the spathe; floral bracts 5-12 mm long;

el 10-20 mm long; ovary 5-10 m d with purple

ae iM 3 veins, paces) to thank pubescent within, the dorsal sepal hrisabead sub-

acute to obtuse, 15-22 mm long, 8-13 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals connate into an ovate, acute

to obtuse synsepal 15-21 mm 2 7-10 mm wide, 4-veined; petals red-purple, deflexed, narrowly line-

ar-oblong, acute, glabrous to microscopically’ denticulate, 7-16 mm long, 1 5- 2 mm wide, 1-veined; lip

erect, red-purple, glandular denticulate, oblong-

tubular, subacute, with revolute sides, 9- 14 mm long, 2.5-5 mm wide unexpanded, the base with a small

glenion, truncate, flattened to concave on the end, hinged to the column-foot; column stout, 2 mm long,

3 mm broad, the anther and bilobed stigma apical, the foot thick, 3 mm long.

ECUADOR: Zamora-Chinchipe: terrestrial on road-cut east of the pass pees Loja and Zamora, alt.

2000 m, 5 Aug. 1975, C. Luer, G. ety & S. Wilhelm 454 (Holotype: SEL). Tungurahua: near Altar,

road from Penipe, alt. 3000 m, 10 Apr. 2004, A. Hirtz et al. 8702 (MO).

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: Carolina, alt. 2000 m, 29 Sept. 1884, F.C. Lehmann 3897 (K), C. Luer illustr.

17271. Chocé: south of the pass between Urrao and Carmen de Atrato, alt. 2680 m, 31 May 1995, C.

Luer, J. Luer, R. Escobar et al. 1 _ QO).

For other rep f th ies-complex see A. linguifera on pages 151, 152.

Described from Ecuador as Aeros adonis, this taxon soles part of the Acronia

linguifera species-complex. It is similar to A. linguifera described over a century

ago by Lindley (1859) from Bolivia. Most collections of the two taxa are distinct in

their sympatric distributions through the Andes from Colombia into Bolivia, but

some intermediate collections blur the boundaries.

Vegetatively, the leaves of Acronia adonis are variable, from narrowly to broad-

ly elliptical or ovate, acuminate to obtuse, and with the base cordate. A single, or

sometimes three or four, large flowers are borne simultaneously, but the size is

inconstant. The dorsal sepal is concave and three-veined; it is five-veined in typical

A. linguifera. The petals are oblong and vary from microscopically cellular-

denticulate to distinctly denticulate. The lip is prominent and usually erect and

elongate with recurved sides. Occasionally, the microscopically denticulate mar-

gins of the revolute sides meet beneath.

Although most collections can be identified by a three-veined dorsal sepal and a

tubular lip, as opposed to the multiveined dorsal sepal of Acronia linguifera with an

oblong lip, some collections exhibit these principal characters reversed.

Acronia aguirrei (Luer & = Escobar) Luer, gaat ae

Ety.: Named for J.L. Aguirre ho first collected this spec

Bas.: Pleurothallis aguirrei ‘ies & R.Escobar, Co aeanee 22: 255, 2003.

Plant large, —, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, terete, 10-19 cm long,

with a tubular sheath near the middle and 2-3 sheaths at the base. Leaf coriaceous, horizontal, n ly

ovate, acute, 14-18 cm mons, 5-7 cm wide, the base conden, _ sessile. Inflorescence a intle flower pro-

mm long; peduncles 2 mm long within the

spathe; pedicels 15 m mm ni lees: floral bract 10 mm long; ovary T- 8 mm long; flowers , sepals glabrous to

microscopically cellular-glandular, the dorsal sepal pale yellow, ovate, acute, 30 mm long, 17 mm wide,

86 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

7-veined (13-veined with faint, vestigial veins), the lateral sepals light rose, completely connate into an

ovate, acute synsepal, 30 mm long, 15 mm wide, 10-veined; petals yellow, broadly oblong, flat, obtuse,

minutely diffusely papillose, 11.5 mm long, 4.25 mm wide, 3-veined; lip yellow, glabrous, obovate,

broadly rounded at the apex, but acutely revolute above the middle, 6.5 mm long unexpanded, 8 mm

wi de el eee 1 . £ 1 . *L + the kh

anther and bilobed stigma apical.

COLOMBIA: Narifio: Monopamba, alt. 1500 m, collected by J.L. Aguirre, Jan. 1993, cultivated at

Colomborquideas, 27 Mar. 1997, R. Escobar 8310 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 18782.

This species from southern Colombia is closely related to Acronia imperialis

from neighboring Ecuador. The leaves of A. aguirrei are smaller and narrower, but

still among the largest of section Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae. The flower is equally

large, but the petals are flat and diffusely papillose, and instead of being more or

less conical, or pouch-like, the broad, obovate lip is acutely reflexed above the

‘ , Shortly deflexed, hinged to

semiterete, 1.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, the foot 2 mm long, the

Acronia alopex (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: — Greek alopex, ““a fox,”’ in honor of the late Fred J. Fuchs Jr. of Naranja, Florida,

species.

Bas.: Pleurothallis alopex Luer, Selbyana 3: 46, 1976.

Syn.: Zosterophyllanthos alopex (Luer) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 118, 2001.

Plant small to medi ized, epiphyti i i i

epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, ascending,

erect, 8-20 cm long, a tubular sheath below the middle and 2-3 sheaths at the base. Leaf horizontal to

acutely deflexed, coriaceous, narrowly ovate, acute, 6-

cordate, sol fl

pee y a solitary, successive

Phen sts iene at the base of the leaf; peduncles 1-2 mm long, concealed within

mm long, cellular-glandular: flo Pedicels; floral bracts 4-6 mm long; pedicels 7-8 mm long; ovary 7

ovneig ssborks a dark Purple; sepals cellular-glandular, the middle sepal

into an ovate obtuse, synse i obtuse »§ mm long, 7 mm wide, 5- to 7-veined, the lateral sepals connate

neury eve the sides revolute, 9 mm long, 4.5 mm wide expanded, 6-veined;

subtrangular, the apex and basal angles rounded, ne am wide, I-veined ip thi

shallowly cleft above the mi

10 cm long, 1.8-2.7 cm wide, the base sessile,

horne fram oe k - pees fis)

4 : lip thick, o

ne » *mm long, 3.5 mm wide across the base, the disc

thick, claw, firmly hinged 194 pile — Pair of converging calli, the base concave, with a short,

bilobed stigma apical, the feck iedienesiey. column stout, | mm long, 2 mm wide, the anther and

PAR AGTIAV: ah. mo

Dp. a

Pe: SEL), C. Luer illustr. 226, , Cultivated April 1975, F Fuchs s.n.

Thi - .

guay, ona shag -lilijae complex occurs in Para-

characterized by similar from Venezuela to Bolivia. It is

smaller, deep purple ek. Tpendicular leaves, and a conspicuous, erect spathe. A

foremost. __'.suptnate flower faces downward with the synsepal and lip

. are Similar to those of the complex.

cronia cardiostola

the complex occur

Acronia

By.: From the Latin ven R.Esco

nile, “a high

: i * slender

wig oe 2 Cordate-ovate, acute, 7-11 cm long, 3-4.5 cm wide,

Oliaceous spathe 1.5.3 cm long, to lem wi of solitary, successive flowers, from an erect,

Floral beets; 2-5 mm long: floral bean ie the leaf, enclosing peduncles, pedicels

the het Yellow-green, Saeed co it OE: Petlicel 15-20 mm jong: ovary 3 mm

with red-brown, connane so ae? acute: 26 mm 10 mm wide, 5-veined,

10 mm wide, 6-veined, forming a broad | ate-triangular, at 5

shallow mentum below the column-foot: petals red-brown,

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 87

microscopically denticulate, narrowly linear-falcate, acute, 13 mm long, 1.25 mm wide, 1-veined; lip

-brown, min = verrucose, oblong, acute, subtubular with revolute sides, 141 mm lon ng, 5 mm wide

unexpanded, the base with an elevated glenion, |

foot; column stout, wees long, 3.5 mm broad, the antt d bilobed sti pi al, the foot short, thick

COLOMBIA: Without collection data, +, by Father pre Restrepo at El Retiro, 28 Jan. 1978,

C. Luer 2339 (Holotype: JAUM; Isotype: SEL). Antioquia: Yarumal, Llanos de Cuiba, alt. 2750 m, 12

Sept. 1984, C. Dodson, R. Escobar & E. Peper 15268 (AMES, K, MO).

This large species from the northern part of the Central Cordillera of Colombia

is distinguished by the large, erect spathe at the base of a horizontal, deeply cordate

leaf. The large flower barely emerges from the spathe. The five-veined dorsal

sepal and nearly equal synsepal are ovate and acute, the petals are narrowly linear,

and the lip is long and oblong with recurved sides.

Acronia ambyx (Luer & R. -Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

: From the Greek ambyx, “a beaker,” in allusion to the of the lip.

Bas.: Pleurothallis ambyx Luer & R-Escobar, Orquideologia 14: 126, 1981.

Syn.: Zosterophyllanthos ambyx itis & R.Escobar) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 118, 2001.

Plant small : medium i in size, epiphytic, , caespitose; Sorep slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 3.5-9

cm long, with a close, Leaf horizontal to

cacenged nly coriaceous, cordate-ovate, , acute, 3-5 cm long, 1. 5- 2.5 5 cm wide, t me base auiiowty

cordate gl mm

long, at thet ] f; pe duncles 6-10 long; fl 1 bracts - 3-4 mm long; pedicel 3-6 cm long;

ovary 31 mm long; i iddl Pp 1b adly ovate, 4.5-6 mm lon ong,

5 de, 5- to 7-vei ined, the lateral e synsepal 4-6 mm long, 4-5

mm wide: ae shallowly concave; pers glabrous, Chak ies 4,5-5 mm long, 2-2.5 mm

wide, 3-veined; lip ovoid, subacute, 3-3.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, deeply concave with the margins thin,

recurved near and below the middle, the base with a pair of low, thickened veins, truncate, broadly

pepe! = the column-foot; column stout, 1.5 mm long, | mm broad, the small anther and stigma api-

of the column thick

COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca: apes baat collected and cultivated by Padre Sergio Restrepo at El

Retiro, 15 Oct. 1977, C. Luer 2045 (Ho

ECUADOR: El Oro: paar del aa Muyuyacu n ea ceeany alt 1100 m, Aug. 1990, A.

a: 4906 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 20923. Azuay: olleturo, forest above Rio Shurimal,

t. 600 m, 27 Jan. 1992, C. lure J. Luer. A. pee pune yy ae 16173 (MO)

species is known from two widely separated areas: one in the Eastern Cor-

ditlera of Colombia, the other in southwestern Ecuador at a relatively low altitude.

The flowers vary in such minor features that they cannot be separated. The tip of

the lip of the Colombian streriek is shortly acuminate, while the tip of the lip of

the Ecuadorian plants is simply acu

Vegetatively, this species is sc aethpsshahle from numerous other species of

the section with small, shallowly cordate leaves. The clear-yellow, glabrous flower

is distinguished by the conspicuous, obovate, obtuse, trinerved petals, an ovoid,

deeply concave lip, and a short, thick column with a small, apical anther.

Acronia andreettae Luer, ant ae

Named in honor of Padre An clus gape errs of this eet

species haec A. bivalvis (Lindl.) Luer et affir f joribus, f g

*a1 Aitferct

Plant large robust pipt : i t trial i ts slend Ramicauls stout, erect, 15-55

cm long the middle cl ressed, tubular sheath, oe 2- 3 other sleaths at the

rangers sepa cine _ acuminate, 12-20 cm long, 2-4.5 cm wide, the

base. Leaf horizontal, coriac

yer — shallowly cordate. te. Inflorescence a single successive flower, "subtended | by a os

pathe 15-1 tubul

m long; parea 15 mm long; ovary ry 5 mm lo ng; aah cell ular-glandular, the dorsal sepal dull green,

ciple. subacute, 17 mm long, 9 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals purple, connate into an ovate,

subacute synsepal, 16 mm long, 10. 5 mm wide, 6-veined; petals ond 4 , picouts triangular, acute,

88 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

microscopically serrulate, 9.5 mm long, 2 mm wide at the base, 1-veined: lip red-purple, oblong, obtuse,

cellular-glandular, 9 mm long, 4.75 mm wide, with a glenion at the base, the base subtruncat concave

on the end, hinged to the column-foot; column stout, | 2 mm long, 3 mm wide, the foot 2 mm long, the

anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

ECUADOR: Azuay: t ial amid thicket al eat

1978, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Andreetta 2496 (Holotype: SEL);

While searching for Masdevallia virgo-cuencae in 1975 in the mountains west

of Cuenca, where Padre Andreetta thought that the plant could be found, this spe-

cies of Acronia was found growing in massive clusters in thick vegetation along a

dry stream bed. No other record of the plant is known. It is a robust species with

large, elliptical, shortly acuminate, horozontal leaves. The relatively large flower is

basically similar to the A. bivalvis-complex, but it differs in narrowly triangular,

outstretched petals, and a large, granular lip.

Mach g alt. 2900 m, 8 Feb.

nia angustissima Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin angustissimus, “very narrow,” referring to the leaves and flowers.

Species haec A. portillae (Luer) Luer affinis, sed sepalo dorsali synsepaloque multilongioribus

angustissime et petali issime oblongis distinov;

= a = S' MMSUILUT,

vs enken in size, epiphytic, Caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, terete, 20-25

hie — 6 ane he middle and 2 sheat! he base. Leaf coriaceous, suberect,

the er st ee » 15-18 cm long, 1 cm wide at the base, shallowly cordate, sessile, with

recurved. ence a single flower produced successively in a fascicle of

Peduncles 15 mm long, at the base of the leaf: i: hie y

mm long;

<. fugacious, absent; pedicels 7-8 mm long; floral

> mim Ovary 4 mm long; sepals greenish tan, glabrous, the dorsal sepal narrowly linear-

ovate, with sides recurved, narrow : 8, 4.5 mm wide at the base, 3-veined, the lateral

S vate i Y ovate synsepal, 22 mm long, 7 mm wide, 4-veined; petals

Sbense, 4. rary lincar-cblong, acute, 14mm long, 1 mm wide, 1-veined: lip brown, ovate, broadly

— long, 3.2 mm wide, miny ly be microscopically cellular, the disc featureless except

broadly concave, inged to the bulbous base of the column-foot; column

Stout, semiterete, | mm long, 2 mm Wide, the anther and bilobed stigma apical

ECUADOR: Pastaza: south of Puy

m, 28 Feb. 2001, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hire 19552 Gloloms Meieny® in forest remnant, alt. 950

This speci ee

endemic s a : i ae Ecuador, is similar to Acronia portilla, another

veined aoa . narrowly linear leaves, but it differs from the latter by

clongated sepals and , and a twice larger lip.

Bik: From tr giater) Luer, comb, nov.

pamountainons habitat a high place with a commanding view,” in allusion to the lofty,

Pt Pleurothallis apopsis Luer, Selbyana 5: 160, 1979.

-f Zosterophyllanthos apopsi

Plant medium in sinc, (later) Szlach, & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 118, 2001.

ss tk ae Caespitose; Toots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, with

middle hs at the base, 25-45 cm long. Leaf de-

“ovate, 10-14 cm long, 3-4 cm uj

Sotume siout 1.5 mmloug, 3mm broad i ) i

SCUADOR: Imbabura: epiphytic cold, cloud forest bety

Acosta and Ibarra, alt. 3400 m,

eee ee PT

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 89

9 Feb. 1979, collected by C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Escobar & A. Hirtz 3955 (Holotype: SEL); Hda. Yura

Cruz, péramo north of Ibarra, alt. 3700 m, 25 May 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S. Jeppesen, B. Lojtnant & B.

@ligaard 6488 (AAU, AMES, SEL); above Mariano Acosta near Nueva “pre alt. 7 ‘% 11 Mar.

1996, S. Dalstrém, S. Ingram & “i Ferrell-Ingram 2092 (MO); Mojanda, alt. 3300 m 1983, A

pe 1430 (MO). Carchi: betwee: bys and <punaaee slope of Volcan Chiles, alt. 5a3b 4950 m,

22 May 1993, B. Boyle & J. Brad, ford 39 (MO). N northeast of Volcin Cayambe, alt. 10,700 ft.,

12 Aug. 1961, P. Cazelet & T. washes 5539 (us). akan Papallacta, alt. 3200 m, 29 Oct. 1979, C.

Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 4422 (SEL).

This species, similar to Acronia lilijae of lower altitudes, is apparently endemic

at high altitudes in northern Ecuador. It is distinguished by a relatively large,

yellow flower with the dorsal sepal nearly glabrous and only three-veined; relative-

ly narrow, widely expanded petals; and a more or less flat, triangular lip that is only

slightly channeled medially.

Acronia applanata (Luer & Dalstrom) Luer, comb. no

m the Latin applanatus, “flattened horizontally,” ee to the column, flat with the lip.

Bas.: Pleurothallis applanata Luer & Dalstrém, Lindleyana I 11: 147, 1996.

Plant medium in size, : epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 9- pa cm long,

with a close, tubular Leaf erect, coriaceous,

ovate, acute, 5-7. 5 cm long, 2: 4-3. 2 cm wide, se base sessile, carters Inflorescence a aaa: oe

sive, flat flower. leaf, subtended by a spathe 6-7 mm long; peduncles 1-2

mm long, concealed within the spathe; floral bracts tubular, 4. 5 mm Tong: pedicels 5 mm long; a 3.5

glab rous. elliptical l-ovate, acute, 10mm long, 3.6 mm

wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals connate into an ais a come 9.5 mm long, 6 mm wide, faintly

6-veined; petals purple, narrowly linear-triangular, acute, oblique, entire, smooth, 6.75 mm long, 1 mm

wide, 1-veined; lip dark red-purple, oblong-ovate, ena 4. 3" mm long, 2.2 mm wide, - surface

compressed, slightly convex, diffusely cellular veer: the base raxnsged = a medium-sized

glenion, with a short, deflexed claw

plane with the lip, 1-1.5 mm long, 1 5 mm wide, the foot thick, with the anther at eth pean]

EDUADOR: Morona -Santiago: epiphytic in forest north of See. alt. 1800 m, 17 Jan. 1986, S.

Dalstrim & T. Héijer 1060 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 16302

: Puno: Rio Can rere fila at mouth of Rio Guacamayo, alt. 800 m, 26 May, 1992, A. Gentry, C.

Reynel et al. 77261 (Mi

Vegetatively, this species from the eastern slope of central Ecuador is similar to

many others in the section. The flowers are flat and lie flat against the leaf. The

flowers are of average size for the section with an acute, elliptical, three-veined

dorsal sepal. The petals are entire and subulate; and the oblong-ovate dorsally

compressed, slightly concave lip lies flat against the synsepal. Most distinctive, the

column is also flattened, lying in the same plane as the surface of the lip.

Acronia eben: leweah es Luer, ang no

Ety.: From the Latin a narrow, sight,” referring to the leaves.

Bas.: Pleurothalls wie weal Lindleyana 12: 39, 1997.

ize. epiphytic ts slender. Ramis’ ss, erect, 10-11

ath below iddl d 2 oth Leaf horizontal,

cm thes with a close, tubul TIZO

coriaceous, y linear with ‘evokes iad sulcate n the dorsum, acute, 7-8 cm | long, 7-8 mm wide

without expanding the sides, the base sessile, shortly berag Inflorescence a fascicle of successive,

nded b

the sheath: fl oe bracts 5 mm long; pedicels 5 mm long; ovary I. 5-2 mm long; sepals fleshy, glabrous,

ot ovate, obtuse, 3.5 mm long, 2.2 mm wide, 3- veined, the sme sepals dark

purple, connate into a concave, broadly ovate, obtuse synsepal, 3 mm long, 3.2 mm wide, 4-veined;

petals y a chice: acute, entire, 2.5 mm long, | mm wide at the base, 1- cickes lip dark purple,

thick, orale pean 2 mm long, 2 mm wide, with the sides dilated below the middle, the disc verrucose,

shallowly sulcate centrally, the base truncate, shallowly concave on the end, hinged to the column-foot;

column terete, 0.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the foot thick, the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

90 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

PERU: Amazonas: epiphytic in forest above Pomacochas, alt. 7,500 ft., collected by K. Tokach P-31,

cultivated in Tacoma, WA, Oct. 1996, K. Tokach P-31 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr.

This species, apparently endemic in northern Peru, is another of the species of

this section characterized by a long, narrow leaf that is narrowly cordate at the base.

It is most closely related to the Colombian and Venezuelan Acronia calamifolia and

A. subtilis tespectively, but it differs from them with bilabiate instead of suborbicu-

lar flowers, an ovate lip dilated below the middle, and a very short column.

Acronia ascera (Luer & R-Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Greek askera, “a fur-lined shoe,” in allusion to the pubescent, shoelike lip

Bas.: Pleurothallis ascera Luer & R.Escobar, Orquideologia 20: 36, 1996.

_ Plant large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls relatively stout, erect, 20-47 cm long,

with a close, tubular sheath on the lower third and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf spreading, coria-

Ceous, Ovate, acute, slightly acuminate, 16-18 cm long, 7-8.5 cm wide, the base sessile, deeply cordate.

fare: fascicle of successive, single flowers, subtended by a spathe 1-1.5 cm long; peduncles 1-

pho » Concealed within the sheath bracts thin, tubular, 10 mm long; pedicels 11 mm long,

: pod erecor n the 8 long; flowers red; se glabrous, the dorsal sepal y

obtuse, | long, 12-14 mm wide, 7-veine sepals connate into an ovate, obtuse

’ truncate, hinged on the end to the col-

. 3mm wide, the foot thick, the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

COLOMBIA: :

Celeahorsine tenons Balcanes, alt. ca. 1800 m, collected by E. Valencia, cultivated at

16621, - 1992, R. Escobar 5052 (Holotype: JAUM; Isotype: MO), C. Luer illustr.

Bel oP ty margins are long

and hinged to the column-foot, argins are revolute. The base is broadly hastate

By. Namen hee et Luer, comb. nov

Bas.: 2 pn i this species,

a4 aeanepys Luer, Lindleyana 11: 147, 1996.

Close, tubular sheath on the over oe res slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 35-40 cm long, with a

narrowly OVvate, acute, attenuate ppd oe 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf erect, coriaceous, very

fascicle of ive, single flow he long, 2 cm wide, the base sessile, cordate. Inflorescence

Concealed within the sheath: floral bracts thin, by aislender spathe 2 cm long; peduncles ca. 5 mm long,

ovary 7 mm | tubular, ca. 15 mm long; pedicels 25-30 mm long, partial-

0 longi : ; a ong; Sepals pale yellow-brown with red-brown dots, conflu-

mm pie the lateral sepals pation Lap alain Sepal elliptical, obtuse, 24 mm long, 11

‘diffusely dotted wi . ina, 19 mm long, 11 mm wide, 8-

Ps mf mm l-Veined, lobulate at the pe page acute, minutely denticulate, 11 mm

minutely denti isc with Oblong, obtuse, 9 mm long, 5 mm wide,

—e the end, ea senee, pa _— small gleni ve the base, the base subtrun-

anther, ostellum and stigma apical. "-foot; column stout, | mm long, 3 mm wide, the foot

ECUADOR: Pichincha: San |; ie:

peer 18206 (Holotype: $). C. Lueritluste. [rine Santo Domingo, alt. 1700 m, 28 June 1955, E.

IS Species is known from th :

area near Quito that has sy the collection by Erik Aplund in 1955 from an

repeated Subsequently, as well as before

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 91

In Acronia section Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae, A. asplundii is distinguished by

long, slender ramicauls that bear long, narrowly attenuated leaves, long peduncles,

and relatively large flowers. The dorsal sepal is seven-veined, the petals are nar-

rowly falcate and minutely denticulate. The oblong lip is scabrous.

Acronia aurita (C. wan RR ) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin a “with ears,”’ referrin ae es ne ee ee

Bas.: Pleurothallis i if ‘Schw. einf, E Bot. Mus. Leafl. 8: 39,

age small, » epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, suberect or horizontal, 4-

5.5 cm long, 1-2 sheaths at the base. Leaf suberect or

ebay rigid, thickly < coriaceous, elliptical, ee: ks i cm long, 1. .2-1.4cm — the base cuneate,

gle r btended by a spathe 8-9

mm long: peduncles Ah mm ones somogale within the se floral brac nage bular, 45 mm long;

pedicels 5-6 a er g; sepals pale yellow-green, fleshy, —. lightly verrucose

within above mide _ middle sepal broadly, elliptical, rounded “ = apex, 4 mm long, 3 mm

wide, 3- veined the lat y m long, 4: 5 mm wide, 4-

veined. foes apex, lly b mvexities yellow,

pris 1 ty pay, 1. 5 mm long, 0.75 mm wide, 1-veined, with the vein thickened externally; -

pale yellow, thick, more or less ovate-cordate with elon nga | based lobes, concave an urv

the ob h

middle, with the apex obtuse, s ri y p the body 1.6 mm long, 1.25 agar

with the erect, narrowly linear-tri 1.3 mm lon g, flanking the column, the om

kor a ges. of linear calli from : a a pair ‘of nodules at the base, terminating with os margins below

deflexed 1.5 mm long, pa mm

ee th t obsol t, the anther, iH i sti

costs ae San José: vicinity of El General, alt. 1100 m, Nov. 1936, A.F. Skutch 2941 (Holotype:

M oca de Dota, ca. 1879, A. Endres 67 (W). Limén: Guapiles, “low altitude,”’ collector un-

tape: ra at EL ankesier Botanical Garden, 7 Mar. 1995, C. Luer 17381 (MO).

This species is uncommon in eastern Costa Rica where it was first recorded by

A. Endres around 1879. It was collected again in 1936 by Alexander F. Skutch. In

1995, it was discovered in cultivation in the Lankester Botanical Garden. Vegeta-

tively, it is similar to Acronia excavata, with which it is most closely allied. The

non-resupinate flower is borne on the dorsum of the thick, horizontal leaf. The

fleshy sepals are rounded at the apex and the petals are proportionately small. The

most peculiar lip demonstrates extreme modifications of the morphology seen in its

relatives: A. dorothaea and A. excavata. The body is deeply concave and incurved

with an acute apiculum, with a pair of longitudinal calli, and a pair of long, basal

lobes that project above the column.

Acronia baezensis Luer & Hirtz, sp. no

Ety.: Named for the community of Baeza, near lakes the 1748) was reeeay

Species haec A. adonis (Luer) Luer affinis, sed fl p | b prop

tione latioribus differt

Plant large, ee: caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 7-23 cm long, with a

tubular sheath below the pede and 2-3 sheaths at the base. Leaf suberect to sae wt coriaceous,

oblon ng-ovale, acute, acumi nate, 9-13 cm long, 3-4.5 cm wide, ‘the base sessile, deeply c . Inflores-

spathe 12-15 mm long; akan 2-3 mm

long within the spathe; floral bracts 7-8 mm long; pedicel 7-9 mm long; ovary 6-7 mm long; sepals

purple, microscopically ciliate, the dorsal sepal el liptical-orbicular, broadly obtuse to round at the apex,

13 mm long, 11 mm wide, 3-veined, th oblong, obtuse synsepal 14

mm long, 10 mm wide, 4-veined; petals purple, expanded, linear-oblong, acute, minutely denticulate, 8

mm long, 1. 5 mm wide, 1-veined; lip erect, red- brown, n, gla ee with ciliate m rargins, were with

apex, 8 mm long,

wide at the base, with a sacks bap sys truncate, concave 0 on the xi hinged to the ‘ame tbe column

stout, 0.75 mm long, 2 scal the foot thick, 2 mm

ECUADOR: Napo: north of Baeza, alt. 1500 m, 10 Aug. 1978, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & A. Andreetta

3188 (Holotype: SEL)

92 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

This species had been considered to be a variation of Acronia adonis until a key

to the species of the section was made. From A. adonis it differs with smaller

flowers with broadly ovate sepals, the dorsal sepal being suborbicular and three-

veined. The petals are oblong and serrulate. The lip is tubular above the base and

proportionately wider, the width being more than half the length.

Acronia batracha (Luer & Hirtz) Luer, — ath

Ety.: From the Greek batrachos, “‘a frog,” in allus the appearance of the flower upon the leaf.

Bas.: Pi is batracha Luer & Hirtz, Stioee 11: 149, 1996.

Plant large, epiphytic, caespitose; . Ramicauls stout, erect, 25-37 cm long, with a close

tubular sheath on the lower third and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf sos coriaceous, oblong-

ovate, acute, 15-19 cm long, 3-5.5 cm wide, the base sessile, deeply cor rescen

ded by a spathe 12 mm long; clack ca. 5 mm long, concealed

above ddl

ly > the dorsal sepal elliptical-ovate, subacute, 22-24 mm mm long, 9-13 mm wide, 7-veined, the lat

ae =e ovate, acute synsepal, 20 mm long, 12-18 mm wide, ca. 10-veined; petals ner’

mm wide, 1- ined: nae t, 10-11.5 mm long, 1.5-2.5

convex, diffuse! pred pu oblong-ovate, obtuse, 6 mm lon g, 51 mm wide, the surface slightly

end with a ra bam a3 Y prickly-papillose, subtruncate 3 a small glenion, flattened on the

a ag. 3 xed claw, hinged to the column-foot; column flat with the surface * the lip, 1.5

mm wide, the foot thick, obsolesce escent, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apic

ECUADOR: R: Zamora-Chinchipe: Cordillera del

Condor, epiphytic in forest east of Los Encuent tros, alt.

S00 m, 19 May. 1988, C. Lack A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. Teague 13483 (Holotype: MO).

A. Hirtz 19585 (MO) aS, New road to esiitineta alt. 1600 m, 1 Mar , C. Luer, J. Luer &

tower ofA Species of the section is most similar to Acronia titan, although the

batracha is not as large, but it is larger than the closely related A.

smaller li that i both of them, A. batracha i is distinguished by a proportionately

ra eo X and minutely papillose instead of concave and shiny-

Acronia baudoensis

Ety.: Named forthe comment * R-Escobar) Li Luer, comb. nov.

ieerehallis ora

Bas.: P|

eotyen ewe oe 21: rag 1998.

Plant

ytic,

sheath below the mid 41 a brmpaing slender, erect, 4-5 cm long, with a

acute, 3.5 ie —. 1S cm and other scat the base f spreading, coriaceous, ovate,

nded by a Spathe ca, 6 » Sessile. Inflorescence a fascicle of successive, single

ra wih Pedicels; floral bracts cue Peduncle less than | mm long, concealed within the

wide low; sepals 8 the dorsal » 6-7 mm long; pedicel

3 ei veined, the Pal broadly el painagy obtuse, 4.5 mm long, 3.5 mm

» petals repre oblong, ; an Ovate, obtuse lamina, 4.5 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, 4-

z acute, entire. ' ; , :

ly; afew oblong-triangular. angular, acute, 2.5 mm 3mm | long, 1.25 eden

I} tad

CVULICCICG,

: : ‘On the end, hinged } preety large glenion, flattened and

foot thick, coma ee rien ea col ee ; column stout, 1 mm long, the

1S Gee Derren m, flowered in cultivation

C: laptinee, ‘Rear Pereira, 15 May 1993, A. DeWilde

alt. 50 m, +e te es, A. Gentry, M. — Valle del Cauca: cast of Sd road to Calima,

The habit of this cook. ve & C. Restrepo 53313 (MO O).

similar to that of the witha @ small, cordate leaf with a small, yellow flower is

through Central America and an re that is widely distributed

a proportionately large glenion.

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 93

Acronia Leyeiead Nevin) ) Luer, bey nov.

Ety.: From the G ” referring to the shape of the

Bas.: Pleurothallis sresere ties Schltr., sian Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. me 161, 1924.

COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca: vicinity of Bogoté, alt. 2300 m, H. Hopf s.n. (Holotype destroyed at B).

No collection matching Schlechter’s description of this species has been seen.

The holotype was lost at Berlin-Dahlem, and no isotype is known. According to the

description, the leaf is oblong, acuminate at the apex and cordate at the base, about

10 cm long and 2.5 cm wide. The ramicaul is also about 10 cm long. The dorsal

sepal is broadly ovate, concave, 10 mm long, 7 mm wide, and 3-veined. The synse-

pal oblong, narrowly obtuse, 10 mm long, only 3.5 mm wide. The petals are nearly

as long as the sepals, narrowly “‘lanceolate,’’ acute, and single-veined. The lip is

triangular-ovate, obtuse, 4.5 mm long, 2.75 mm wide, subsagittate-auriculate at the

base, and minutely verrucose-asperate toward the base. Not included in the key to

the species, A. belocardia would fall between lots 4 and 5.

Acronia bitumida pene Luer, comb. nov.

the Latin with two swellings, or calli,” referring to the two calli on the lip.

Bas:: Pleurothallis Hetty Luer, Lindleyana 11: 70, 1996.

Plant very cane epiphytic, caespitose, roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 10-23 mm long,

with a aco: shea Leaf erect, thickly coriaceous,

elliptical, acute, cere mm long, 5-7 mm wide, the base cuneate, sessile. In’ florescence a rare of

enewnes single, non-resupinate flowers, subtended by a spathe 4 mm long; peduncles 3-4 ong,

concealed withi in the sheath; floral bracts thin, infundibular, 2 mm long; epee els 2.5 mm long; asco 2

mm eee labrous, the middle sepal

elliptical-ovate, subacute, 3 mm long, 1.8 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral pi connate into a broadly

obtuse, concave lamina, 2.8 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, 4-veined; petals oblong, acute, 1.6 mm long,

long, 3 mm wide, thx £, L 1

COSTA RICA: Heredia: Parqué Nacional Braulio Carrillo, Sarapiqui, El Ceibo eas alt. 500 m, 23

Nov. 1990, S. Ingram & K. Farrell 747 (Holotype: CR; Isotypes: AMES, F, K, MO, SEL), C. Luer il-

lustr. 17038; Atlantic a of Volcan Barva, west fork of Rio Sardinal, alt. 670-720 1 m, rf Dec. 1987, M.

Grayum 8513 (CR, Mi

This small species is related to Acronia excavata, also from Costa Rica. Both

species are characterized by elliptical, sessile leaves and superficially similar flow-

ers except for the small habit and small size of the flower of A. bitumida. The lip of

A. bitumida is triangular and concave with suberect basal angles. The lip of A.

excavata is more deeply concave with erect, auriculate lobes at the basal angles. In

addition, a pair of calli is present at the base of the disc of the lip of A. bitumida.

Acronia gies ty iphawer ) Luer, comb. n

Ety.: From bivalvis, “bivalved,” fering to the bilabiate flower.

Bas.: Acris dors ivalvis Lindl., Orch. Lind

Syn.: Pleurothallis Ppa Rchb.f, Bonplni Pe 26,1

Ety.: From the Greek kardia, “heart,” ee ee bide et.

Syn.: Pleurothallis pha bh Regel, Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. ser. 4, 6: 373, 1856

Ety.: Named for Reinhart van Lansbergen, Dutch traveler who collected this species.

Syn.: Pleurothallis lansbergiana Regel, Gartenfl. 6: t. 193, 1856 (sphalm.).

Syn.: Pleurothallis cardiantha Rchb.f., Linnaea 41: 15, |

.: From the Greek kardianthos, “heart-flower,” pees to the flower with cordate leaf.

94 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Syn.: Humboldtia bivalvs (Lindl.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 667, 1891.

Syn jen. Pl. 2: 667, 1891.

Sct meee Pas Gart. Berlin 6: 123, 1914.

nage From the Greek stenocardium, ‘‘a narrow heart,”’ referring to the narrow leaf.

Syn.: Pleurothallis pichinchae Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14: 132, 1915, non Rchbf.

Ety.: Named for the province of Pichincha where the species was collected.

ap Pleurothallis sigsigensis Schitr. » Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni ies) Beih. 8: ja 1921.

collecte:.

aS Co1ected

eae y of Sigsig near

Sy: nt es araseanea eae Schitr., ~» Repert. Spee. Nov. Regni Veg B nem: 9; 73,1921,

sci Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 8: 129, 1921, nom. nov.

Syn.: Pl Pn | se eae a sy

hae Sch

Ety.: From the Latin i, ees “fire-spewing, or volcano,”’ referring to the habitat on a volcano.

Syn.: Pleurothallis fuscata Braid, Bull. Misc. ahaa 200, 1924.

Ety.: From the Lati atus, “darkened,” referring to the color of the flower.

Syn.: Pleurothallis Se pai Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 27: 52, 1924.

Ety.: From the Greek phaeanthos, “dark flower,” referring to the color of the flower.

Syn.: Pleurothallis angusta Ames & Schweinf., Ae Orch. . 23, 1925.

Ety.: From the Latin angustus, “‘narrow,” referring to the leave

Syn.: Pleurothallis archidiaconi Ames, S Sched. Orch 9: 29, ‘eeae

ted thi species

Syn.: Pleurothallis antonensis L.O.Willi

. ams, aw. Missouri Bot. Gard. 2: 341, 1942.

Ety.: Named for E] Valle de Antén, Panama, \

ang Pleurothallis ee Garay, Svensk. Bot. Tidske, 47: 208, 1

Named in honor of Dr. Gunar Har Harling of as Sweden, — collected this species.

ous cota Orquideologia 22 22: 264, 2003, as P. lilianae.

amed 4 Lil ‘aabae of _— Calon who collected this species.

(Schitr.) Szlach. & ee Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 119, 2001.

pane eaig os tla ins in size, epiphytic to terrestrial, cae pitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender,

ihe cis , ed below the middle bya closely si cen tubular sheath, and 2-3 other

a em ats, Spreading, Pactra Ovate to narrowly, acute to subacute, or

auriclon: long, wide, the base sessile, cordate to deeply cordate with overlap-

of successive, single flowers, subtended by a spathe 5-18 mm

ine re :: pe Pome. spathe; floral bracts thin cn 4-7 mm long; pedicels 5-12

a meee 8; Sepals yellowish, v s th red, purple or brown, commonly

(occasi iy sha dorsal sepal Ovate, subacute to obtuse, 6-16. mm long, 3-11 mm wide, 3-veined

acute to obtuse : rr eins), the lateral sepals connate into an ovate, sub-

Or decurved beside the lip, 16mm long, $10 mm wide, 4-veined; petals colored as the sepals

Syn.: ye bed?

kag: a fascicle

nged to the column-foot; column stout, 1-1.5 mm long,

. the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

; >R 1944, J.A. Steyermark 58951 (AMES);

Seroad pas Verdent ale oes Dunst, osingaap’ | (AMES, VEN).

Dow hdd : TRIN; isotypes: AMES. Near neat: Ll Dec. 1924, A. Hombersley s.n.(holo-

a as n¢ ‘ Y); Cumaca, Dec. oe. cultivated 6 Feb. 1955,

; mountains, alt. 2:

Luer illustr. 16356; Roraima, 1863-64. paces "135 Ule 8577 (holo otype of P. stenocardium), C.

im Thurn 175 (Kj, cates (K); Roraima,

Stig ke upper slope, 10 Dec. 1884, E.F

NY, US), C. Luer illustr. 1919 butary of River, 8 Jan. 1938, A.C. Smith 2890 (K, MO,

FRENCH GUIANA: Vallée de

1294 (CAY); Montagne de aa . sone i Massif des Emerillons, 16 Dec. 1983, C. Feuillet

Apr. 1986, C. Feuillet 3774 (CAY); Mont Atachi

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 95

Bacca, Région de I’Inini, alt. 520 m, 9 Jan. 1989, J.J. De Granville 10492 (CAY); without collection

data, Cremers 12758 (CAY), C. Luer illustr. 10955; Cremers 13080 (C. AY), C. Luer illustr. 1

COLOMBIA: Magdalena: between Santa Marta and San Lorenzo, alt. 2700 m, 12 May 1983, L Albert

de Escobar & José I. Santa S. 3570 (COL, MO). Santander: without locality, collected by E. Valencia,

cultivated at Colomborquideas, 26 Mar. 1997, R. Escobar 8306 (MO). Antioquia: ee ae Roezl

s.n. (holotype of P. cardiantha: W), C. Luer illustr. 16359; El Carmen, above San Lorenzo, alt.

Cali and Bue : fi aL,

Olver A. 504 (MO, TULV). Nariiio: near Pasto, alt. 2900 m 1921, W. Hopp | (holotype of P.

phaeantha: destroyed at B). Without collection data, cultivated es in St. Petersburg (holotype of P.

lansbergii: LE). Leaps collection data, obtained in 1885 from Shuttleworth, Carder & Co., cultivated

at Kew, (holotype of K).

PANAMA: Coclé: Ae north of El Valle del Anton, alt. ca. 1000 m, 1 Sept. 1941, P.H. Allen 2701

(holotype of P. antonensis: AMES); mountains beye ond La Pintada, alt. 400-600 m, 17 Feb. 1935, A.A.

I di

Hunter & P.H. Allen 594 (AMES). Veraguas: co ntal divide above Santa Fe, alt. 700 m, 5 Sept.

1976, C. Luer & R.L. Dressler 1147 (SEL). Chiriquf: Camp Hornito, Fortuna dam site, alt. 1000-1200

m, 13 Aug. 1976, R.L. Dressler 5351 (SEL), Camp Escopeta, C Colorado, alt. ca. 1700 m, 16 Feb.

1977, C. Luer & H. Butcher aa (

COSTA RICA: Li ra de Talamanca, Reserva Biol. Hitoy Cerere, alt. 200 m, 18 Feb. 1889,

G. Herrera wel (CR, MO, Heh C. Luer illustr. 17045. Without locality, ca. 1867, A. Endres s.n. (

racruz: region of San Andrés Tuxtla, near Cerro Tapalcan & Cerro Mastagaga, 23 Aug.

1953, R. z Dressler & Q. Jones 151 (AMES); east of Tebanca, east side of Lago Catemaco, alt. 800 m, 5

July 1980, M. Nee & B.F. Hansen 18848 (AMES). Chiapas: Monte Libano east of Ocosingo, 17 July

witty R.L. Dresler 1431 (AMES).

UADOR rchi: between Tulcén and Maldonado, alt. 2700 m, 18 peak 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S.

peas: B. Lojtnant & B. Ollgaard 5692 (AAU, AMES). Pichincha: N 1899, A. Sodiro 9 ar

Luer, A. Hirtz et al. head (MO). egebisbns: slopes of Sie ane Bajos, alt. 3000 m, ia

Luer, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer & J. Kuijt 9762 (MO). Morona-Santiago: around Chiguinda, eastern

slopes of Andes of Sipsig, ek 1600-2000 m, May 1887, F.C. Lehmann 6508 (holotype of P. sigsigensis:

K; isotype: AMES). Napo: north of Baeza, alt. 1500 m, 10 Aug. 1978, C. Luer, J. Luer, A

pian 3229 (SEL); near Sumaco, alt. 1100 m, 9-11 Oct. 1999, A. Hirtz, X. Hirtz, H. & M. Evans

MO), os Lass illustr. 20819. Azuay: Sevilla de Oro, alt. ca. 3200 m, | July 1947, G. Harling 1347

pt ont) ; Isotype: AMES). Loja: canyon above Rio Yantai above Vilcabamba, alt. 2400 m, 13

Feb. 1987, D. pu ppratne 146 (SEL). Zamora-Chinchipe een Loja and Zamora, alt. 1800 m, 21

Aug. 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S. ay sas n, B. Lojtnant & B. aad 14143 (AAU).

PERU: beme Bagua, of La Peca, alt. 6,560 ft., 20 July 1978, A. Barbour 2728 (MO, SEL).

San Martin b Ruiz and Moyobamba, Venceremos, alt. 1900 m, 28 July 1983, D. N.

Smith 4439 (mo Caj jamarca: Chota, Bosque de gia nxgaed between Huambos and Querecoto, alt.

25 ; 2

1800 m, 31 Jan. 1979, C. Luer & J. Luer 3822 (SEL). Junin: near La Merced in the Chanchamayo

Valley, 1920, Anton & Carl Kdhler s.n. (holotype of P. chanchamyoensis destroyed at B). Without

collection data, cultivated in Cupertino, CA, by Lil Severin, 13 Dec. 1978, C. Luer 3637 (holotype of P.

lilianiae: SEL.

BOLIVIA: La Paz: Nor Yungas, Sacramento Valley of Rio Coroico, alt. 2450 m, 29 Jan. 1984, A.

Gentry & J. Solomon (MO).

This is the greatest catch-all or waste basket of the genus. Numerous known

and unknown taxa are “‘lumped”’ together in this massive assemblage. An attempt

was made to recognize some names here because of well-established usage, but they

do not distinguish themselves in a key to the species. There is a gradual, morpho-

logical continuum from one extreme to the other. Beyond these bounds, species are

acknowl

Acronia bivalvis, the first species of this “‘species-complex”’ to be identified,

was described by Lindley from a collection made by Linden near Mérida, Venezue-

la, in 1843. Lindley states that the lip had ‘‘dropped off” from the flower he de-

scribed. However, still present on the sheet of the type-specimen (Linden 1480), a

century and a half later, another flower was found intact. The illustration made

from the hydrated flower serves as a basic pattern that is found in innumerable

96 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

collections that occur through Central America and the Andes. Many collections

are practically identical. Collections with trivial variations in infinite combinations

constitute this ‘‘species-complex.” Many variations have been given specific

names, but a much larger number are unnamed. It is illogical to recognize some

and not the others. There is no physical feature other than size to separate them.

As a “species-complex,” Acronia bivalvis is widely distributed through Central

America and the Andes. In Central America it is known as Pleurothallis antonen-

sis, and a narrow-leaved variation was described as P angusta. In the eastern part

of its distribution into the Guyanas it is known as P. stenocardia and P. archidiaco-

ni, Early Colombian collections were described by Reichenbach as P. cardium and

P. cardiantha. A population in Ecuador (P. sigsigensis) is practically identical to

the type from Venezuela. A small-flowered taxon, P. lilianiae, is intermediate with

A. cordata.

__ Vegetatively, the cordate leaf is too variable in size and shape to be of value in

identification, although it rarely attains the broadly ovate, deeply cordate shape of

Acronia cordata. All the flowers are basically similar and recognizable in spite of

varying sizes. The dorsal sepal of the type is elliptical-ovate and obtuse with three

primary veins, and a pair of incomplete, accessory veins. Most collections consid-

ered to be A. bivalvis have a three-veined dorsal sepal, but not infrequently, incom-

plete, secestOry veins Occur as in the type, especially in larger flowers. Collections

with a distinctly five-veined dorsal sepal are excluded. If they were included,

problems would be compounded,

eis iene Savphe Seis (Linden 1480) is 16 millimeters long, and the lip is

cs eps mpaey §. the petals are narrowly oblong, single-veined and acute

minutely serrulate. The lip, about half as long as a sepal and about

at the apex, and broadly truncate at the

; P. chanchamayoensis is probably an

wise, the disc is featureless with only cellular margins.

By: tae (Schitr.) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas.: Pleurothallis ak ahi on, an eyelash petal,”’ referring to the ciliate petals.

Plant medium in size to : tees Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14: 128, 1915.

long, with a tubular sheath Wan the te » Caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls stout, erect, 20-40 cm

i Cofiaceous, narrowly ovate, ‘ and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf suberect to nearly

Sessile, deeply Inflorescence « fare ney Scuminate, 10-17 cm long, 2.5-4 cm wide, the base

Spathe 15-18 mm long; peduncles 4-5 s. we le of successive, single flowers, subtended by a reclining

mm long; pedicels 12-1 x ‘Ong, Concealed within the sheath: floral | it

the dorsal sepal elliptical

8, obtuse, cellular.

the disc concave centrally, thickened and concave

Stout, 2 mm long, 3 mm wide, the foot thick,

: Pichincha: epiph: :

QPLS); along the new road cabana pame May 1885, A. Sodiro 10 (Holotype: BR; Isotype:

: > Same area, alt. ca. 2000 od ca. 2000 m, Mar. 1975, C. Luer & R.

Tandapi, alt. 2100 m, 31 Mar. 1985, ¢ pry hae pues cee ne

This large ebécien : oa. 4 - £ENTZ (MO).

IS aren

Pichincha in E Tt oe aly Confined to the lower western slopes of Mt.

a medium-sized, deep purple flow, by the narrowly ovate, suberect leaves and

ticulate. The distinctive lip j ower. The sepals are obtuse and the petals are den-

y alt.

5G.

Ho.

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 97

Acronia bothros (Luer) Luer, comb. no

the Greek bothros, “a pit, or poanvhe referring to the deeply depressed glenion.

Bas.: igauawng. bothros Luer, Lindleyana 11: 70, 1996.

Plant medium in size, epiphytic, began os roots slender. Ramicauls ——. erect, 5-15 cm long,

with a tubular sbsaltic on the lower third and 2 other sheaths at the base. Le rect to horizontal,

coriaceous, ovate to obloag-ovate, acute, at 9 cm long, 2-4 cm wide, the base sasaibe deeply cordate.

a few simultaneous, single flowers, subtended by a

or less inflated, suberect spathe 1-2 cm long; peduncles 1-2 mm long, concealed within the sheath, floral

yelp tubular, 7 mm long; pedicels 5 mm long; ovary 5 mm long; sepals pale green, thick, tri-subcar-

ate, glabrous, the dorsal sepal elliptical-ovate, obtuse, 5.5-6.5 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, 3-veined, the

gens sepals connate into an ovoid, concave, obtuse, minutely bifid synsepal, 5-5.5 mm long, 3. ps 2

mm wide expanded, 6-veined; petals light green, thick, oblong, acute, entire, 4 mm long, 0.9-1.

wide, 1-veined; lip gua obloag-avate, obause, 3 5 mm long, 2.5 np si Slightly dilated at the babe

e disc with a larg the column-foot;

column stout, 0. 5 mm long, 1 mm wide, the foot thick, obsolescent, with the anther, rostellum and

stigma apical

COSTA RICA: Puntarenas: Monteverde Reserve, alt. 1750 m, 20 Mar. 1995, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.

Atwood & W. Rhodehamel 17436 (Holotype: MO); Monteverde Reserve, alt. 1500 m, 3 Feb. 1992, S.

Ingram & K. gaine) 1252 (SEL, MO), C. Luer illustr. 17050. Alajuela: Monteverde Reserve, nay

Blancas, alt. 750 m, 17 Mar. 1989, EF, Atwood 89-87 (SEL); Let nibs Sab de la Vieja, alt.

G. Herrera 1516 (CR, MO). Guanacaste: Rincén de La Vieja, Vole ta Maria, alt. 900-1200 m, 7

Jan. 1983, G. Davidse et al. 23420 (MO). Cartago: Estrella, alt. 5, oon nm 22 July 1932, H.E. Stork 328

(MO). Cordillera de Talamanca, alt. 2400 m, D.E. Mora s.n. (USJ).

This species differs from all the other members of the section by the ramicauls

and the elliptical-obovate leaves about equal in length, and a fascicle of thick,

fleshy, light green flowers. The dorsal sepal is obtuse and three-veined; the petals

are oblong and acute; and the glenion near the center of the thick, oblong-ovate,

obtuse lip is deeply depressed.

Acronia sapien s.c-49 (Luer & R. Escobar) Luer, comb. nov

Ety.: From the Latin bovilingua, “a cow’s tongue,” referring to the incurved labellum.

Bas.: Pleurothallis bovilingua Luer & R-Escobar, Orquideologia 21: 75, 1998.

Plant large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls eee stout, 15-43 cm long, with a

tubular sheath below the middle and 2-3 sheaths at the base. Leaf ho zontal to deflexed, coriaceous,

oan ‘owly cor rdate-ovate, acute, acuminate, 9-20 cm long, 2. 5-5 cm wi ide. the e sessile, cordate.

flowers, from a slender, reclining spathe, ca. 2 cm long;

pdr less sng 109 me bong. within the spathe; floral bracts De 10 mm ae pedicel 15 mm Shc

cai-

ovate, acute, 25- -30 mm ae 15 mm wide, 7-veined, the lateral sepals light rose- brown, co connate into an

ovate, acute synsepal 24-25 mm long, 17 mm bag 8-veined; petals rose, yellowish toward the apex,

glabrous, spreading, obliquely ovate, acute, 17 mm long, 6 mm wide, 3-veined; lip red, minutely papil-

lose, thin, ovate, 7 mm long unexpanded, 6 mm wide, ved care canner tpkurk ncurved, pubescent,

the base with a small ca subtruncate, column-foot; column stout,

1 mm lo ong, 3 mm bro: bed sti nical, the foot <n

COLOMBIA: Without collection data, cultivated by A. Mest in Medellin, preety and photographed

by G. Escobar, specimen sent to AMES, 1972; G. Escobar 986 (Holotype: AMES ba without collection

data, cultivated by M. & O. Robledo at La Ceja, 14 October 1977, C. Luer 2029 (S

This species is known from a photograph made by Gilberto Escobar in May

1972. A herbarium specimen was sent to AMES where it was filed away. Probably

a division of the same plant was cultivated by Martha and Oscar Robledo at La

Ceja in 1977, at which time an illustration and another herbarium specimen were

made. The collector and locality within Colombia are unknown, and no other col-

lection is known. The species is distinguished by a narrowly ovate, acuminate leaf

deeply cordate at the base; large flowers; broad, three-veined, spreading petals; and

an ovate lip with the rounded apex incurved, reminiscent of the tongue of a cow.

98 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

cronia er, nom. nov. for P. cardiocrepis Braid, non Rchb.f.

Ety.: Named for Kenneth William Braid of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, who described this

species.

Syn.: Pleurothallis cardiocrepis Braid, Bull. Misc. Inform. 199, 1924, non Rchb.f. 1888.

Ety.: From the Greek cardiocrepis, “torn ape winied to the lacerated petals and lip.

Plant medium in size, presumably epi y caespitose; roots unknown. Ramicaul

slender, ca. 16 cm long per description, caved without sheaths. Leaf suberect to spreading, coria-

ceous, ovate, acute, slightly acuminate, ae 4 cm long, 3. 5-5 cm wide, the base sessile, deeply cordate.

2-3 single flowers ithin a spathe 7-8 mm long, ca. 5 mm

wide, a the base of the leaf; peduncles Tm mm ite filling the dhheath: floral bracts tubular, 4 mm long;

pedicels h, suffused with rose; sepals glabrous, the

dorsal sepal ovate, subacute, 6.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, 3- veined, the lateral ee beans connate — an ovate,

obtuse synsepal, 6 mm 5.5 mm wide, 6-veined; petals expanded, wly trian shortly

fringed below the middle, 4 mm long, 1 mm wide, 1-veined; lip tiangla-sagitate ee bras, obtuse,

apiculate, minutely spiculate with the margins fringed, 3.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, with a glenion

at the base, the base concave, firmly hinged to the column-foot; pects stout, 1 mm long, 2 mm wide,

the foot thick, | mm long, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

osnnhee peat nied habitat unknown, received from B.S. Williams in 1887, cultivated at

s, 1923, s.n. rete K), C. Luer illustr. 20814.

“TREY cee aoe i ’ f J f tk L Lvi complex shad

‘ewsi under then thallis cardiocrepis, possibly

having been confused with Reichenbach’s F. sa fon It is best distinguished

by sepals about six millimeters long, the dorsal three- veined, petals shortly fringed

below the middle, and a fringed, sagittate lip.

Tia fame Si

By. winters nepet) Luer, comb. nov.

culentus, “with full cheeks,” in allusion to the labellum.

> Pleurothallis bucculenta Luer, Selbyana 3: 70, 1976.

with silage an aha size, epiphytic, caespitose; foo slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 6-28 cm long,

: sci diglily nctaninaes. $8.0, suberect to spreading,

cm long, 2.5-3 ;

Single flower, eee on top 8 cm wide, the base sessile, deeply cordate

of the leaf, subtended b z 1

2-3 mm Res wil , y aspathe 7-12 mm long; peduncles

> floral bracts tubular, 7-8 long; I

ovary 2-5 mm | ; Sepals ’ mm long; pedicels 7-10 mm long;

long, 65-8 est 3-0 ape a glabrous, the dorsal sepal elliptical-ovate, obtuse, 10-11 mm

long, 7-10 mm wide, 4-veined: lateral sepals connate into an ovate, obtuse synsepal, 10-11 mm

late ne oe 5-7 mm een 1-1.25 ance ee purple, narrowly oblong, acute, minutely denticu-

landular w ned; lip dark purple, elliptical, obtuse, minutely

halves convex, aged nes punches direst cellular, 5-8 mm long, 3-6 mm wide, the disc with both

with tween, ith a glenion at the base, the base subtruncate, flattened

; cote bergen 2 long, 3 mm wide,

ba with the anther, rostellum and raemhe ic errriere

ADOR: Tungurahua

praca 1975, obiien’ ios and Rio Negro, alt. 1500 m

5 Jan. 1976, tomas Kent: nit

in Chamblee, 642 Hol ng ithout locali

GA, FL 91-1028-7 (MO), C. Luer i Gis ag apes .

This Species i IS One of many al

it by the

cena

lies of the Acronia oa but is best

Proportionately large lip which is longitudinally sulcate

Acronia bulbosa Luer

Ety.: From the phones viapoaeny » SP Nov.

splrpeiny Mac .

Bal ipris ciculatae

Sepalis obtusis, _ ‘Lindl. - habitu grande, foliis anguste linear-ovatis,

to the convex lip.

Plant medi um in size to large, ¢ oo

long, outa tines ee belo CPiPhytic,caespitose; roots Ramicauls stout, erect, 10-23 cm

middle and 2 other sheaths at ng hen Leaf spreading, coriaceous,

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 99

narrowly ovate, acute, acuminate, 7-15 cm long, 1.5-2.5 cm wide, the base 9 $8 cordate. Inflores

cence a — Successive flower, su ubtended bya veneee: Spathe e 14-22 mm long; peduncles 2-3 mm

long, c mated 10 m 08 pedicels a mm long;

ovary pe pis: flowers deep purple; sepals fleshy, ade baile — the dorsal sepal

ph iba pee subacute to ewes 14 mm long, 9 mm a 3-veined, the lateral sepals paiva into an

ovate, obtuse synsepal, 14 mm long, 9 mm wide; expanded, linear-oblong, acute, denticulate

7.5 mm long, 1.25 mm wide, l-veined; lip porn globose convex, round at the ane 7 mm long, 6

mm wide, the disc with a central convexity on the c ok surface, w ith a a glenion above the , flanked

by a pair of low lamellae, deepl Ib - the base

concave on the end, hinged Z the column-foot; Sere stout, 1 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the foot thick,

obsolescent, with the anther, rostellum and stigma ap

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: Frontino, near El Plateado gold mine, alt. 2060 m, 5 May 1983, C. Luer, J.

Luer & R. Escobar 9043 (Holotype: SEL). Valle del Cauva: between Cali and Buenaventura, cultivated

at Colomborquideas, 23 May 1995, C. Luer 17617 (MO),

This species from the Western Cordillera of Colombia is related to the numerous

variations of the A. bivalvis-complex, but it is distinguished from them by long,

narrowly linear-ovate leaves, and a convex, hemispherical lip.

Acronia Nien recone coed & ene tt ean Tyas8 nov.

m the L amifolius, “with reed- ” referring to the slender, tube-like leaves.

Bas.: eg weias sealant Luer & R. ner] Oru logia 20: 40, 1996.

Ramicauls slender, erect, 10-20 cm long,

with a close, tubular est pod pre middle and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf erect to suberect,

coriaceous, narrowly linear with revolute sides, acute, 9-16 cm long, 5- $ mm weit wahont expandin:;

ee. hy base sessile, deaths peace Infl single, suborbicular

— a spathe 5-8 mm long; peduncles 2-3 mm long, concealed within the sheath; floral

bres: infundibul r, 5 mm long; Seiok 4-5 mm long; ovary 2.5 mm long; sepals dull green, fleshy,

glabrous, the fant sepal broadly ovate, deeply concave, with the apex rounded, 3.5 mm long, 3 mm

argent 2 mm long, 3.5 mm wide unexpanded, en eined; petals green, fleshy, especially at the

ovate-triangular, narrowly obtuse, entire, 3.25 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, 1-veined; lip thick, ae

nas pont -sul e, with the margins erect, ae at the apex, 3 mm long, 2.5 mm w:

microscopically cellular-glandular, broadly and shallowly sulcate, the base broadly truncate, are an

obscure glenion, transversely concave on the end, hinged to the column- foot; column terete, . mm long,

1.5 mm wide, the foot thick, convex, repent with the wee rostellum and stigma apical.

COLOMBIA: Norte d y loud fores ‘o de Santa Inez, alt. 2100 m, 13 May

1984, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Escobar & E Viiracia 10325 enwreks a

This species, known from the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, is closely allied

to Acronia subtilis found nearby in adjacent, western Venezuela. They are

indistinguishable vegetatively, and both bear very small, globular flowers at the

base of the long, narrow leaf with revolute sides. Acronia calamifolia is distin-

guished by the thick petals, especially at the obtuse apex. The petals of A. subtilis

are thin and acute. The lip of A. calamifolia is proportionately larger, non-verru-

cose, and concave on the end that is not sharply deflexed as it is in A. subtilis.

Acronia en (Rchb.f.) Luer, comb. nov

Ety.: From the Latin calceolaris, “like a shoe +t gebcering to the deeply concave synsepal

Bas.: Pleurothallis calceolaris Rchb.f., Linnaea 41: 15, 1877

Syn.: daaeueas fornix Luer & R.Escobar, Orqu foten 16: 160.1 1984, Pattee

oe aul “ in reference to e rig a y convex,

Syn Zo lia ey ix ( ce & Marg., Polish Bot. T tab: 119, 2001.

Is stout, erect

Plant large, idrecbied, peel 2b? y al crepe

to suberect, 20-35 cm long, with a tubular sheath below che middle and 2 ies erbrey —

dark blue-green above, ar Alen with purple beneath, spreading, rigidly coriaceous, ae one 15-2

cm long, 5-8 cm wide, t the base sessile, onay cordate. Inflorescence a fascicle of 2-4 simultaneous,

single flowers, b -1.8 cm long at the base of the leaf; peduncles 1- 3mm

long, within the spathe; floral bracts thin, vied 10-12 mm long; pedicels 15-17 mm long; ovary 8 mm

100 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

long, verrucose; sepals rigidly fleshy-coriaccous, reddish purple brown, a verrucose within,

ong, obtuse, convex with

revolute sides, 15 mm long, 6 mm wide une xpanded, '5-veined, ke lateral — connate into a deeply

ve, transversely ovate, obtuse synsepal, 12 mm long, 12 m wide unexpanded; petals purple,

erose, verruculose, 8 mm long, 3 mm wide above the base; lip red-purple, ccs transversely ovate, 3

mm long, 4 mm wide, the APEX | rounded, the di isc with i a small eg and a pair of low, rounded calli

near the middle 1 lobes, flattened o1 ae end, cop eats . as

thick column-foot; column stout, Imm es 2 mm broad, the foot thick, 1 mm long, with the

rostellum and stigma apical.

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: * eo srenig fl B. Roezi s.n. (Holotype: W); terrestrial on road cut near Palmitas,

alt. 2180 m, 22 Apr. 1983, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Escobar et al. 8758 (holotype of P. fornix: SEL).

This species was described shy Reichenbach from a collection by Roezl from

somewhere in the old New Grenada. Plants discovered recently in the mountains

west of Medellin in Colombia and described as Pleurothallis fornix most likely

represent this species. Reichenbach’s specimen consists only of leaves, and his

description is very brief and cryptic, but the crude sketch applies to this species.

Acronia calceolaris is distinguished by large, blue-green leaves borne by longer,

stout ramicauls. A few, fleshy-rigid flowers are produced from a reclining spathe at

the base of the leaf. The dorsal sepal is verrucose and convex with recurved sides.

The synsepal is deeply concave and transversely ovate. The petals are verruculose

and with obtuse marginal angles above the basal quarter. The lip is thick and trans-

versely ovate.

gga hice callifera pias weeps ) Luer, comb. nov.

Latin callifer, “callus-bearing.” referring to the labellum.

ens Plurals califereC. Schwein, Fildiana Bot 28: 180, 1951.

cm long, wit si in size mm large, nay caespitose; Toots slender. Rasteants slender, erect 9-23

erect to horizontal, base. Leaf coriaceous,

florescence a parka pee 510 em long, 2-4.5 an 1 wide, the base sete, shallowly « cordate be

of the leaf; peduncles, floral bract ase

green with dull ee stripes and pedicels i ia ovary 3mm 1 long: sepals ‘translucent pa

3-veined, the lateral PS ke » the dorsal sepal elliptical, subacute, 7.5 mm ot 4 mm wide,

expanded; petals lavender, n ech a concave, ovate, subacute synsepal, 7 mm long, 5 mm wide

gular, eeeiedeiy ie cemivay ts -5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide; lip purple, thick,

glenion on a subpyramidal mm e disc concave, Area aepagy grooved, with a

the thick eS $0 as ag base, the base truncate, flattened on the end, hinged to

and stigma apical. mm long, the foot thick, 1 mm long, (oath the anther, tosteliot

VENEZUELA: Bolivar: Ptari tepui,

VEN; aes “~_ Cc. ait. 100-2285 m, 30 Oct. 1944, J.A. Steyermark 59541 (Holotype:

tnguished by the ovate

subpyramidal callus at the base ra conduplicate lip, with a prominent,

that this is an artifact exists, bears a medium-sized glenion. The possibility

i“ calegean Les One 'eferrng tothe striped dorsal sepa

0 large, epiphytic, caespitose

ae coe nets sender. pasion slender, erect, terete, 12-22

pied deterred Sn the base pa be agp armisiaa spreading,

cronia calogramma

ba Pe {Leuer) Luer, comb. nov

wes beg cee sessile. Inflorescence a sin

& the spathe, pedicels 5-8 mm 1 PRI Sah spathe 7-10 mm longs peduncies ca

A Wey i; Ovary 6 mm long; sepals

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 101

glabrous, the dorsal sepal white with 3 prominent stripes, ovate, obtuse, 12 mm long, 8 mm wide, 3-

veined, the lateral sepals white with rose veins, connate into an ovate synsepal, 12 mm long, 8 mm wide,

4-veined; petals dark rose on upper half, white on lower half, narrowly oblong-triangular, acute, micro-

ok gic aqaknke 9 mm long, 1.25 mm wide, 1-veined; lip dark red, elliptical, broadly rounded at the

X, Microscopically verrucose, 5 mm long, 4 mm wide, with minutely denticulate margins, the

disc convex ‘vith a glenion, the base broadly concave, hinged to the base of the column-foot; column

red, stout, semiterete, | mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the anther and bilobed stigma apical.

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: Las Palmas, alt. 8,000 ft., collected by Janet Kuhn Nov. 1973, flowered in

cultivation at J & L Orchids, 7 Nov. 1977, C. Luer 2115 (Holotype: SEL).

This species from the Central Cordillera of Colombia is most similar to the

frequent and variable Acronia bivalvis, but it is distinguished from all the variations

by white sepals prominently striped in red-purple along the veins. The upper half of

the petals is red while the lower half is white. The lip is dark red and convex.

Acronia calolalax (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

“ah From the Greek calolalax, “a — eat in allusion to the pp sitting upon the leaf.

as.: Pleuroth Why Lal i. Tuner & R Becoh: ry be 1 £. OL 1998.

Plant large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots coarse. Ranicau stout erect, 15-25 cm long, with a close,

ubular sheath below the middle and 2 other sheaths at th . Leaf horizontal, coriaceous, narrowly

ovate, acute, 14-16 cm long, 3.5-4 cm wide, the base fork wg with cordate lobes | cm deep. Inflores-

cence a fascicle of successive, single abe nal i spathe 1.5 cm long; peduncles ca. 5 mm long,

concealed within the sheath; floral bracts tubular, 10-15 mm long; pedicels 18-20 mm long; ovary strong-

ly arcuate, 10 mm long; sepals purple, cellular pubescent noite Se the dorsal = broadly pie

acute, 20 mm long, 13 mm sent Pine ed, teral se

mm long, 14.5 mm wide, 10-ve loge purple, obliquely triangular-ovate, acute, glabrous, 12 mm

long, 3.5 mm wide, 3-veined; tip purple, broadly ovate- suborbicular, obtuse, glabrous, 9m long, 8 mm

wide, shallowly concave, the b the base with a

short, deflexed claw, hinged to the column-foot; column 1 mm long, 3 mm wide, the foot oie: obsoles-

cent, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apical

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: epiphytic in cloud forest north of the pass between Urrao and Carmen de

Atrato, alt. 2430 m, 31 May 1995, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Escobar et al. 17693 sons yy JAUM; Isotype

MO); Frontino, 12 Km from Nutibara, alt. 2150, i Dec. 1988, G. McPherson. 13443 (MO); Urrao,

uangarales, alt. 1700-1800 m, collected by M. Zapa 23 May 1995, C.

Luer 16651 (MO). Chocé: between’! moayer and nd Quibdo, alt. 1070 m, 13 3 Apr. 1983, A. Juncosa 926

(MO). Risaralda: San ', cultivate: ry 1995, C. Luer 17616

(MO).

Vegetatively, this species appears similar to many other species of the section

with strong ramicauls longer than a horizontal, narrowly ovate leaf cordate at the

base. A large, gaping, purple flower is borne successively on top of the base of the

leaf. The broad, dorsal sepal and synsepal are multiveined; the petals are triangular,

acute, glabrous and 3-veined; and the lip is broadly ovate and shallowly concave

with the surface shiny.

Acronia comets (Rchb.f.) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin canaliger, “channel-bearing,”’ referring to the labellum.

Bas.: heecaiae canaligera Rchb.f., Linnaea 41:

Syn.: Pleurothallis syringifolia Kraenzl., Bot. Jahrb. ur 54, Beibl. 117: 22, 1

Fr Latin SN ‘with leaves like epee referring to lilac- aa leaves.

Syn.: Pleurothall Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. t 113, 1920.

ay From the Greek mepuoglonis “boat shaped ip. referring to the pan)

auls slender to

stout, yew to suberect, 5-35 cm long, with a tubular, more or + less verrucose, tubular at oe the

middle and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf spreading, on coriaceous, ned acute, 4-9 cm long,

2.5-6 cm nbd the base sessile, deeply cordate. Inflorescence a fascicle of several (3-10), simultaneous,

rep flowers, borne among spent pedicels and buds from a Sbctoos spathe 25 mm long at the base : A

eaf; peduncles 2-4 mm long; floral bracts thin, tubular, 3 mm long; pedicels 5-8 mm long; ovary 3-

102 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

mm long, verrucose; sepals fleshy-coriaceous, yellow to green, flecked with brown or PA verrucose

externally, ees the dorsal sepal ov ovate, end eapes concave, 2. 5 gee ong, 2-2.5 m

wide, 3- 3-vei 34 mm lo ong, as :

isk . fleshy thickened, sub ll obtu:

25-35 mm <t mm wide; : lip green to purple, thick, fleshy, ovate, obtuse, concave, cellule penile

within, 2.5-3 mm long, 1.3-1. "75 mm wide, the base broadly truncate, concave on the end, firmly hinged

to the thick column-foot; column stout, 1.5 mm long, the foot thick, 0.5 mm long, with the anther, rostel-

lum and stigma apical.

COLOMBIA: Without locality, B. Roez/ s.n. (Holotype: W), C. Luer Spe 17005. Sep age without

locality, M. Madero s.n. (holotype of P. Fyn seo dest osa, alt

2000-2600 m, Nov. 1891, FC. rprepuobiad 41 (K). Risaralda: ft Rosa de Cabal, aie Real

La oc alt. 2550, 4 = 1988, J. Wolf 1469 (COL, MO).

Tolima: Alto de = wages Tbagué, alt. 20 Apr. 1982, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Escobar & D. Portillo 7475

(SEL). the pass oe Ipiales and La Victoria, - 3300 m, 4 Nov. 1979, C. Luer, J.

Luer & A. Hirtz 4664 (K, SEL).

R: Sucumbios:

ECUADOR between Tulcan bag El Carmelo, alt. 2780 m, 8 July 1990, C.H. Dodson, E.

sing Pn D. Rubio & N. Rivera 18443 (MO

. Wilhelm 615 (SEL); between Lieto and Triunfo, alt. rags

orm 3 wg. 200 2457 ae , alt. 2300 m, S. Dalstrém, R.

). eae gage between Loja and 8A "1975,

C. Luer,G. Luer & 8 Wilhelm 578(SEL). Zara 1300, 8 Aug

oat Segee yg? oe Condorcangui, Cordillera del Condor, cabeceras del Rio Comainas, alt. 1500-1800

Py . clntepstes &R. Foster 891 (SEL, USM). Cajamarca: Jaén, above Tabaconas, alt.

2400 m, A. Weberbauer 6302 (t unknown).

OF Absa veces; is relatively Lee in the Andes of Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.

ea meayRigehs by the medium sized habit with a dense fascicle of small flowers,

bi and in bud, at the base of a thickly coriaceous, more or less horizon-

pou eae leaf. The sepals and petals are fleshy and verrucose externally. The

ve synsepal is filled with a fleshy, ovate, concave, cellular-papillose lip.

Pn: Lema guy (oer & R Escobar) ees, Sotage pr.

Bas.: Pleurothallis

» “of a dog-tooth,”

canidentis Luer & R -Escobar, ‘eedaahay 21: 80, 1998.

lar sheath Nose; roots coarse. Ramicauls stout, erect, 15-36 cm long, witha

phoning alerts sheaths at the b a

suberect to spreading, panne

ence 2

mm apex rounded, the disc oF orange, suffused with red, thin, ovate, 9-10 mm long,

Cate, concave on ba end, hinged to the col vant eam with a small glenion at the base, the base subtrun-

thick, | mm long, with the anther, ines Geil « Stout, 2mm long, 3 mm broad, the foot

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: £}

J. Lopez, cultivated 15 May eg rylas Normandia above Col “pRys wae alt. 2400 m, ate by

16927; same same locality and collector, fs ai a (Holotype: JAUM; Isotype: MO), C. Luer illustr.

Amaya, alt. 2900 m, 16 Jan, 1979, C. mic ben: Boar 85 MO woe us 798

This spec 1€S, apparently endemi

similar to ie widel y dates a aay vicinity of Medellin, Colombia, is most

by large, oblong leaves deepl Acronia bivalvis. It is distin tinguished from the latter

nerved sepa: naiecshy tra Y cordate at the base; a large flower with a three-

tooth;”” and a proportionately angular, acute, diverging petals “‘slick as a hound’s

the synsepal. large, convex, glabrous lip more than half as long as

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 103

Acronia cardiochila (L.O.Williams) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Greek kardiocheilos, “‘heart-lipped,” referring to the labellum

midi se ahem cardiochila L.O. yxeanns Ann. Misouri Bot. Gard. 29: 343, 1942.

Plan um to large in size, epihytic ts slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 10-30

cm long, with a gece sheath below ‘the middle and 2 others at the base. Leaf erect, coriaceous, he

acute, slightly acuminate, 9-14 cm long, 3.6-7 cm wide, the base sessile, deeply cordate

successive, single flower, borne from a reclining spathe 1.5-2 cm long at the base of the leaf; padnaicle

a. 5 mm long; iene 17 mm long; floral bract 15 mm long; ovary 7 mm long; sepals yellow, the

dorsal egg De dark red, glabrous, the dorsal sepal ellipscst-ovats, obtuse, 16-20 mm pe 11-14

puter the lateral 15-18 mm 0-15

mm aise ‘ : 9-veined; petals oblong to triangular, acute, 10-13 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wk Pe -veined

lip deep orange to purple, broadly ovate, obtuse, 6 mm long, 5.5 mm wide, disc ~_ convex, the base

subtruncate, deflexed 2 mm, hinged to the column-foot; t,3 mm

PANAMA: Chiriqui: Boquete district, Bajo Chorro, alt. ca. 1800 m, 13 Jan. 1938, M.E. Davidson 119

Isotype: MO).

COSTA RICA: Alajuela: be tinental divide, alt. 1550-1800 m,

9 Dec. 1989, J. Atwood 4093 (MO), C. Luer illustr. ure ‘Pelendbo, alt. 1250 m, 22 Mar. 1995, R.L.

Dressler s.n. (MO), C. Luer 17475A

This species was described from western Panama. No flower remains on the

sheet of either the holotype or the isotype, so it is not possible to be positive in

denies: its aftonties, * the ee description, it was declared to be most nearly

fi ided, it seems

more closely allied to the wanna and variable A. cardiothallis of Costa Rica. The

leaf is deeply cordate, the dorsal sepal is multiveined, the petals are entire and three-

veined, and the lip is obtuse and broadly ovate. The primary difference is the

oblong petal of A. cardiochila and the more triangular petal similar to A. cardiothal-

lis, but other variations occur at random among the collections of A. cardiothallis.

Acronia ee: (Rchb.f.) Luer, comb. nov.

rom the Latin cardiocrepis, “heart-shoe,” Errey referring to the leaf.

Bas.: Poaeeass cardiocrepis Rchb.f., Flora 71: 154, 1888.

Plant medium i in size. Ramicauls slender, se cm long, Leaf ovate, acute, 5-7 cm long, 2.5-3 cm

wide, the b yellow, small, the dorsal sepal and synsepal ovate, acute; petals

expanded, neere ovate, acute, entire; lip ovate, a

Without locality: flowered in cultivation at the Herrenhausen Botanical Garden by H. Wendland s.n.

(Holotype: W).

This species remains a mystery. Reichenbach received the specimen from a

plant cultivated by Wendland at the Herrenhausen Botanical Garden, Hannover, but

without collection data. Three leaves with incomplete ramicauls, and without

flowers, are mounted on the type-sheet. Apparently, Reichenbach saw a fresh

flower, because a water color painting of a flower is attached to the sheet. Although

the flowers are described as pale yellow, the sepals and petals are painted with

purple spots, and the lip is covered with purple. No other species of this section is

known with spotted flowers, except for narrow- -leaved Acronia cobriformis from

Central America. Only an occasional collection of the Ecuadorian A. matudana

bears pale, indistinct mottling on the sepals.

Acro yong hon oop psbgyht ars i ae dgepaheh of the heart,’ one of Reichenbach’s cryptic

bi: Plots wuTetiae peeby a iy is stout, erect, 20-40 cm long, with a

a irs solemn oop arto? * vets base, Leaf mate, dort cordate.

104 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

g; peduncle 5-10 mm long within spathe; floral b tubular, 04 10-mum long; pedicels 10-12 mm

long; ov ary 6 d lab i J cellular, the dorsal sep al ellipti-

cal, subacute, ahons concave, 13-18 mm long, 7-10 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals connate

into an oyate, subacute synsepal, 13-16 mm long, 9-11 mm wide, 6-veined; petals linear-oblong, acute,

microscopically pubescent and denticulate, 10-12 mm long, L. 5-2 mm wide, 1-veined; lip red-purple,

elliptical-ovate, obtuse, 9.5-11 mm long, 5-7.5 mm wide, cellular-glandular, microscopically denticulate,

—— convex, the base truncate with a cee with a broad cavity’ on the end, srticulated to the

‘oot; column stout, 2 mm long, 2 wide, t

COLOMBIA: Without collection data, but eres collected in Colombia because most importations

T Pal

culti ondon by Low s.n. (Holotype: W).

ECUADOR i A es aler ead mae Valladolid, ony ‘yn m, ey Mar. 1986, D. D’ Alessandro 536

(MO), C. Luer illustr. 17209.

Andrés, Cutervo National Park, alt. 2210-2240 m,

15 Sept. 1991, A. Gentry, ebicaeo Ortiz 74835 pees

This species is uncommon in its wide distribution in the Andes. It is distin-

guished by the large habit with ovate, acute, cordate leaves. The flower is similar to

a large-flowered Acronia bivalvis with the dorsal sepal three-veined, and the petals

smooth to microscopically denticulate, and oblong. The lip is proportionately larg-

er, oblong-ovate, slightly convex, microscopically cellular-papillose with minutely

margins. It fills much of the space as it lies atop the synsepal. It is most

easily distinguished from A. macrocardia ia by the three-veined dorsal sepal

Ny: Pembe rt cal eecome comb. nov.

eae Bown 2 Ee ea teres leaf.

ee LEAR choroniensis Schnee, Re

Agron. 1: 116, 1952.

Bw: Named for the Alto de Choronf where i it was Aakadhe “%

eh Fem Pep en Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 3: 146, 1988.

-_ nee ie wool,” referring to the densely pubescent sepals and petals.

FP eves close to large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls eee erect,

tubular Secchi k below the middle and 2-3 shorter since at the base, 8-40 cm long. Leaf

to acutely coriaceous, broadly o' 4-15 1 2- Se wide, the

ws at acute, te, the base cm sth e,

* sessile, » deeply cordate with the lobes often inbred Inflorese nce a a tancicke of

boat be ca epee long, 3-7 mm

Peduncles 1-2 mm long, confined within the spathe with the floral bracts

ESN igs y 3-10 mm long, cellular-glandular;

non ; ary 3 2. £

pubescent, the middle sepal Saas yellow to to purple or bi 2: ‘sepals cellular-glandular to coarsely

Ovate to transversely

wide, 5- to 7-veined. the é diane subacute t a ObUISE, 1 more or less

> more or conv an

revolute above the middle. elliptical, ; 8-12 mm og 7-10 mm wide, 6-veined: ont more or less

i i alain tip, 5-9.5 mm long, 1-4 mm wide, 3-veined, more or less pubes-

rounded, 3-5 mm long, 3-4.5 mm wide a across the b t npr nies thick

to th e, the base oi

hi nis Bsbk Cada concave, with a short, thick, claw,

lobed stigma apical, the foot rudimentary, Woes, 0.75-1 iam long. 1.5.2 incr mm broad, the anther and bi-

Representative collections:

VENEZUELA: Dist. Fed.: «

“Caracas,” alt.

yaaa Tovar, empes AF oe 1479( vue eee , July 1850, H. re st 0

P. choroniensis- is: MY). ). Aragua: joroni

Sot Ram Dec. 1891, FC. Lehmann s.n. (K); Fro

Lue & Cobar 2570 (SEL). Santander: east of axel

& R. Escobar 6549 (SEL). Meta: near Villavi-

3 : ura: Hda, en nort}

fey > Py B. Lojtnant & B. hha alt. 3700-3800 m, 25 May 1973, L. Holm-

Feb. 1986 C te re & B. Strim 10326 (Gp), U). Napo: Papallacta, alt. 3100-3300 m, 15

Gualaceo and Limén, A. Hinz, W. Flores ehipys

&L Andersson 12698, 12699 ae

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 105

Guayas: between Chacayacu and Huahuiducal, above Naranjal, alt. 800-1700 m, Oct. 1889, FC.

Lehmann 7066 (K). Azuay: north of Sevilla de Oro, alt. 9,000-10,000 ft., WH. Camp E-4677 (S). Loja:

Nudo de Parqué Naciondl Podocarpus, above Nudo de Cajanuma, alt. 2800-3000 m, 15 May 1988, B.

@ligaard, J.E. Madsen & L. Christensen 74104 (AAU, QCA). Zamora-Chinchipe: north of Valladolid

south of Zamora, alt. m, 4 Feb. 1987, C. Luer, J. Leck A. Hirtz 12606 (holotype of P. lanigera:

MO); Cordillera del Condor, east of Los Encuentros, alt. 1300 m, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. An-

dreetta & W. Teague 13474 (MO, QCNE).

PERU: Piura: Huancabamba, Jan. 1883, E. André 511 (K). Pasco: Oxapampa, above Paurcatamba

bridge, alt. 1150-1600 m, D.E. Bennett 449 (SEL).

BOLIVIA: Cochabamba: Chapare, between Cochabamba and Villa Tunari, alt. 1750 m, 25 Jan. 1980,

C. Luer, J. Luer & R. Vasquez 4951 (SEL). La Paz: Larecaja, between Guanay and Tipuani, alt. 1200 m,

23 Jan. 1988, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Vasquez, J. Solomon, T. & D. Mulder & A. Vogel 12917 (MO).

This species is relatively frequent in its wide distribution through the Andes at

relatively low altitudes usually below 2000 meters above sea level from Venezuala

into Bolivia. Described from a collection by Wagener near Caracas, Venezuela, it

had small, non-resupinate, light yellow flowers, but the illustration published by

Reichenbach (Xenia Orchidacea 1: 72, t. 28 II, 1854) depicts a larger plant consist-

ent with collections found in the Andes.

Both vegetatively and florally, this species varies greatly. Similar to all the

species in this section, the juvenile leaves are erect, elliptical, acute and simply

cuneate at the base. The mature, cordate leaves are acutely deflexed on the rami-

caul with the basal lobes more or less erect and incurved, sometimes with margins

meeting over the spathe. The leaf beyond the middle varies from flat to incurved.

The flowers emerge, becoming either resupinate or non-resupinate, from a

suberect, conspicuous spathe. Although the color of the flowers is usually purple or

purple-brown, occasional yellow flowers occur. The size of the flowers also varies

greatly as seen in many species of widely distributed species of pleurothallids.

Most commonly the sepals are between seven and ten millimeters long, but varia-

tions with sepals 12 millimeters long occur. Dwarf variations with sepals about five

millimeters long have been seen. The extremes in size are illustrated by Dunster-

ville on the illustration published for Acronia carrenoi, an extreme, miniature varia-

tion of A. cardiostola.

The large, broad, seven-veined dorsal sepal is more or less convex. The sides of

the often narrower synsepal commonly recurve. The petals are more or less

spathulate and reflex against the dorsal sepal, and are variably pubescent, from

microscopically cellular-glandular to densely pubescent. The lip is relatively small,

tucked beneath the column and not erect. It is more or less thickly triangular with

thick margins and a comparatively large, basal depression.

Together with Acronia lilijae, A. cardiostola forms a perplexing complex of

varying shapes and sizes of the leaves and floral parts and is closely related to A.

lilijae. Numerous specimens intermediate between the two extremes have been

seen. The two species can usually be recognized, but the vast majority of collec-

tions exhibit characters mixed from both extremes. A variation with non-deflexed,

broadly cordate, flat leaves, and an erect spathe, combined with markedly pubescent

als and petals was described as Pleurothallis lanigera. What might be merely a

geographical variation from Bolivia and Paraquay with flatter leaves, smaller flow-

ers and a synsepal with markedly revolute sides was described originally as P.

alopex.

106 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia cardiothallis (Rchb. f.) Lae, comb. nov.

Bry. From the Greek cardiothallis, stems,” probably referring to the cordate leaf,

oem Zeitung 15: 158, 1857.

c Lu, Laldr;. diothallis (Rchb f.) K Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 668, 1891.

Syn: Pleurothallis subulata Rote, Bull. Misc. Inform. 137, 1892.

Ety.: From the Latin subulatus, “subulate,’’ referring to the petals.

Syn.: Pleurothallis Bante Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 353, 1912.

Ety.: From the Latin acutipetalus, “with acute petals,”’ referring to the petals.

=a Pleurothallis costaricensis Schitr., Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 34(2): 395, 1918, not Rolfe.

¢ Dios th lli, CS Pe *

Ames, Sched Orch 2: 24, , 1923, nom. nov. for A. costaricensis.

Ely.: A new name forA costaricensis,

Plant large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots numerous, slender. Ramicauls slender to stout, 15-45 cm

often spotted below, with Leaf

long, aclose, tubular sheath below the middle and 1-2 others at the base.

erect to — coriaceous, _ acute, acuminate, 9-20 cm long, 3.5-8 cm wide, the base Weld

cordate, sessile solitary flow ually f ly, from 1-3 cm

15-10 mm heal flora bract 4-5 mm long; o vary

Vea chanalne anengtaety yellow, elon eran red-orange, red, or purple, glabrous to micro-

scopically 4 t externally, the dorsal se sepal broadly ovate t suborbicular, obtuse, 11- 18 mm lo ong,

8-14 mm wide, 7- to 9-veined, the | dl, yns epal,

10-15 mm long, 10-15 mm wide, 8- to 10-veined; petals triangular-faleat, acute, 7- 10 mm long, 23mm

wide, 3-veined; oo orange, red or purple, oblong 9mm

— a apex obtuse, ‘ae abruptly apiculate, smooth with thickened, finely jie

, broad! foot , column stout, 1-2 mm lon ong, 2-3 mm wide.

MEXICO: near Huchenalgo, July 1841, Liebmann 7303 (orchid nr. 348.

-350) (C). Chiapas: Montebello

sehen eee alt. 1700 m, 22 js, 1953, FB. Johnson 353-138 (SEL).

f pid ewe ee an sacs oe nee ,800 ft., Feb. 1886, H. von Tiirckheim 860 (holotype of

4,000 14 mi viegee ghee 4 - ated: AMES s.n., illustr. of type); near Coban, alt.

erro i

(SEL) Finca § Bid etepe, Volcd4n Maderas, McGillivary 110

and Finca “enh ate Fel. mA ve ee enetion: between Fince Le ila

eller EL

Saalsya, alt. 1100 m, W. D. Sake CPD lab) (SEL). Zelaya: between Cerro El Inocente and Cerro

COSTA RICA:

May 1913, A. Tond * San Ramén, ca. 1869, A. Endres 52, 53 (W); San Ramon, alt. 1500-1600 m,

nated: 23674. ‘Ehes of (holotype of A. costaricensis destro ed at B; lectotype here desig-

of type); Zapote, alt. 1350 m, 31 Oct. 1938, A. Smith H1302 (SEL).

PANAMA: Chiriqui: Fortuna

ae do, north of San Felix, al. 13 dam site, alt. 1000 m, Oct. 1976, R.L. Dressler s.n. wae aah saK%

sera — 18 Aug. 1975, RL. Dees sler 5121 (SEL).

ra pica die pang al ¢a. 750 m, 5 Sept. 197 r& RL. Dressler 1262 bee Rio ee

COLOMBIA: § It are m, 15 Nov. 1974, R L ‘Dressler 4783 (SEL).

(SEL: : Etwece ms a a, alt. 2400 m, 6 Nov. 1981, C. Luer & R.

and P. Ortiz, flowe trato, collected Dec. 1974 by Fathers S. Restrepo

i aad overeat Clomborucas 11 Oct. 197, ,€-Luer 1994 (SEL). Walle de Conen: bet-

Carché: El Pais tas 29 June 1965, C.H. Dodson & H. Hills 3186 (SEL).

Without collection ao fe Bicon Hlnaby, Pecks. § 800 m, 29 Nov. 1979, M.T. Madison 7161 (SEL).

ome of P. subulata: K kau, Bohemia, cultivated 15 Jan. 1892 by F. Sander s.n.

from hortcla = bake cheney was first described by Reichenbach

grt ,

The shape of ane More OF less ti triangular, acute and three-veined.

apical eps of the lip vn seg oaene fms Subquadrate or shield-shaped. The

being slightly to conspicuously, thick-margined.

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 107

Acronia carduela Luer, - nov.

Ety.: Named for Carduelis. f Id finch i lhisi }, rh) Sethe 71

Ul Ue LIUWeT».

Species haec A. cedrinorum (Ler, & Dalstrm) Luer affinis, sed foliis detithail cordatis, floribus

laete aureis.

Plant large, sea be to terrestrial, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 30-35 cm

long, with a close, tubular sheath on the lower third and 2 other omg at the base. horizontal,

coriaceous, narrowly ovate, acute, slightly acuminate, 1s cm ay: 3-3.5 cm wide, the base sessile,

deeply cordate. f 2- t ae eee Ge yellow flow-

ers, subtended by a spathe 10-15 mm long; peduncles 2-3 mm long, concealed spathe; floral

bracts thin, tubular, 8 mm long; pedicels 8-9 mm long; ovary 6 mm long; wake avai the dorsal

sepal broadly ovate, subacute, 17 mm long, 12 mm wide, 7-veined, as lateral sepals connate into an

ovate, acute synsepal, 15 — ong, 10 mm wide, 6-veined; petals oblong, acute, minutely denticulate, 10

mm long, 2 mm wide, 1-veined; lip prone, Propet obtuse, Senticulse, 7 mm long, 4.5 mm wie, te

disc slightly convex arty a | aleaind at the ncate, deflexed,

hinged to the column-foot; column stout, 2 mm aan 3 mm wide, the foot thick, with the anther, rostel-

lum and stigma ee

EDUADOR hi ad from Quito to Santo Domingo,

alt. ca. 2500 m, Mar. 1976, C. Luer, nd Luer & P. oe 266 pases SEL).

The most remarkable feature of this species is the pure, bright, canary yellow

color of the relatively large flowers. Even if this should prove to be merely an

albino color variation of the ubiquiitous Acronia bicolor, the broad, seven-veined

dorsal sepal; a smaller synsepal; oblong, minutely denticulate petals, and a broadly

ete denticulate lip offer a combination of characters that sets it apart from its

relatives. Vegetatively, the species is large with deeply cordate, more or less

convex, gras leaves with the flowers sitting on top like little, golden frogs.

Acronia carnosa (Braid) sata comb. n

Ety.: From the Latin carnosus, “fleshy,” tadad to the column.

Bas.: Pleurothallis carnosa Braid, Bull. Misc. Inform. 200, 1924.

Pi edium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. a. slender, erect, 5-10 cm long,

with a chia sheath below the middle and 2-3 others at the base. Leaf coriaceous, ovate, subacute to

obtuse, 5-8 cm lon \g. 2-3.5 cm w wide. Inflorescence a single, successive flower, wcpasih the b ase of the

leaf, th icels ca. 5 mm

long; ovary 3-5 mm long; sepals glabrous, the dorsal sepal ly nae 10-14 mm long, 3.75-

5.5 mm wide, 3-veined, the | ] ] ; ovate, acute aes 10-13 mm long, 5

m wide, 4-veined; petals li bl e, 5-7 mm be 1 mm wide, |-veined, microsco opically

serrate; lip elliptical-ovate, obtuse, 3.5-6. a i mm xiadl 2.75-3.75 mm wide, minutely verrucose, minutely

EY ulate, the base subtruncate with a glenion, concave on the end, hinged to the column-foot; column

out, tea. 2 mm long, 2 mm wide, the foot thick, with the anther, rostellum and stigma spical.

ikea LOCALITY: history and habitat unknown, cultivated at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew,

COLOMBIA: Value etiaier tae cturh Bue er EVIE alt. 1200 m, 11 Oct. 1982, L. Albert, J.

Folsom, J. Brand & D. Sanchez 2574 (HUA, MO), C. Luer illustr. 20810.

This species was described from a plant without collection data that was culti-

vated at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Flowers were harvested five times

during 1924, but no vegetative material was preserved. The illustration of the leaf

and ramicaul are estimations from the given dimensions. A recent collection from

southern Colombia closely resembles this species in size and shape. It is related to

the variable Acronia microcardia-complex, but it is distinguished from the latter by

sepals that are only about three times longer than wide, instead of much longer. It

approaches A. scabrilinguis which has proportionately wider sepals. The lip is

elliptical and covered by minute verrucosities. It is also similar to A. bivalvis, but

the sepals and petals are proportionately longer and narrower.

108 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia carrenoi (Carnevali & I.Ramirez) Luer, comb. nov

Ac Named i in honor of Victoriano Carreno E., aco-collector of the species.

& I.Ramirez, Ernstia 44: 18, 1

Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots: slender. Ramicauls peng erect, 3-12 cm long, witha

close, tubular sh sheaths at the base. Leaf spreadin g. horizontal,

coriaceous, ovate, 4-75 cm long, 1. 5-2. 2cm wide, the apex acute, ‘the | base Sessile, “cordat Inflores-

"10 mm long,

2-3 mm broad, at the base of the leaf; peduncles 1-2 mm long, confined within the spathe; floral bracts 4-

5 mm long; pedicels 4-5 mm long; ovary 2-3 mm long; sepals light ioe na ante glabrous, the middle

sepal broadly ovate, obtuse, more or less convex, 4.5-5 mm long, 3.75-4 wide, 3-veined, the lateral

sepals connate into a broadly ovate, obtuse dias 3.75-4.5 mm oa 32 25-4.2 mm wide, 4-veined;

petals acute, 3.5 mm long, | mm wide, 1-veined, cellular-glandular, with the margins minutely

denticulate; lip thick: cordate-ovate, with the apex and basal angles rou mm wide

across the the disc lightly cleft toward Ai apex, minutely verrucose between thickened margins

below the middle, the base subc

column stout, 0.75 mm long, 1.5 mm

ordate, with a short, thick, claw, firmly ea gr to the column- -foot,

broad, 2 p

: Sucre: Paria peninsula, cloud forest of the headwaters of Rio Cumanéa, alt. 850-890 m,

s Feb, 1980, J.A. Steyermark, R. Liesner & V. Carreno E, 121458 (Holotype: VEN; Isotype: MO);

above a — alt. 730-1050 m, 1 Dec. 1979, J.A. Steyermark & R. Liesn-

er 120895 (MO, NY, VEN); betwe

1966, JA. cmepgate 95081 (MO, VEN) Cerro de Rio Arriba m, :

25 July 1982. C ye 091 (SEL), 0, VEN); cultivated by G.C.K. Dunsterville in El Hatillo,

This taxon is hardly more than a dwarf variation of Acronia cardiostola that

ane in an isolated population on the Paria peninsula of coastal Venezuela.

ities it is smaller than the average A. cardiostola, and the flowers are

eres mallest, but variations with nearly equally small flowers are seen in

Otherwise, iy A variations are found. The latter are treated as A. cardiostola.

rertnay, owers of A. carrenoi are morphologically compatible with A.

pea aaa — rh enka &R Samed Luer, comb. nov.

Bas.: Powalartienmy : Imeted,” referring to the deeply concave dorsal sepal.

Sey PST: seanidia Ler R.Escobar, Orquideologfa 21: 82, 1998.

ee. epiphytic, Caespitose, pe ond Ramicauls slender, erect, 25-35 cm long, with a

coriaceous, narrow 3 other sheaths at the base. Leaf suberect to spreading,

basal lobes ca, | gga days xen. 3, Phyys Eg) -5-3 cm wide, the — igees cordate, with the

1.5-2 cm long: Pedunces BSC. Successive, single flo a spa’

mm long; pedicels ca, S less than 5 mm mm long, concealed within the sheath; ‘fora bracts thin, ‘tubular, 5

dark yellow, red eae ‘hate i icall ciliate, the do rsal sepal dull

wide unexpanded, 7 ere. ly elliptical-ovate, obtuse, deeply ‘obacere, 16 mm long, 9 mm

wide, 4-veined: Petals red, decurved, ee connate into an ovate, subacute lamina, 13 m m long, 9 mm

mm wide, \-veined: . thick cate-oblong, su subacute, minutely denticulate, 7.5 mm long, 2

gins heme a9. ringed he the e broadly rounded and Subovate, 4 mm long, 4.5 mm wide, smooth, the mar-

middle, the apex and et below the middle, the sides revolute above the

papeade isc $ b

, ase

anther, rostellum and

psap ani

stigia eriead mm long, ce hase C cho glanemmpeg

Eee Wikio is

This species

joins the Tanks

characterized by a narto narrowly re closely related tc to Acronia grandiflora. It is

Single

cucullate d sepal: uminate leaf: a large flower with a deeply

broad, thick lip with decurved margins ini sAgeunad denticulate petals; and a short,

the apex.

ee ee LS

Tater Le NS. ee ee ee

Wee aa ee ee a

pte NN ae NET teen) UES at eet a ie ee Ra | en Sana

Oe SN he ee ONS Lone

ee tr Ny ae ty, ee

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 109

Acronia cedrinorum (Luer & Dalstrém) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin cedrinorum, *‘of the cedars,” Cc R in Ecuad

the species was discovered.

Bas.: Pleurothallis cedrinorum Luer & Dalstrém, Lindleyana 11: 152, 1996.

Syn.: Pleurothallis embreei Luer & Hirtz, Orquideologia 22: 263, 2003.

Ety.: Named for the late Al Embree, co-collector of this species

medium in size to large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 9-25

cm long, with a close, tubular sheath on the lower third and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf erect,

coriaceous, bts eet, acute, ‘lightly acuminate, 8- 14 cm emt! Ls ae cm wide, the ep sessile,

pene tos

13 mm long; gives - 3 mm pe be concealed ws ithin the spathe; hi Wee s 10 mm

long; pedic cels 12- 25 mm long; sely b t,5 long; sepals yellow to light brown,

y eh 1 p eh cule Lelie ovate, a s. ¢, , 20-22 mm long,

10-11 mm wide, 2 to 11-veined, the lateral t synsepal, 17-24 mm long,

10-19 mm wide, multiveined; petals purple to brown, pibade bene pay ting ‘acute, entire, 10-15

mm long, 1.8-2.5 mm wide, 1- tena is prone, purple, elliptical, obtuse, peepersi pert cellular-

glandular, 7-10 mm long, 55°59 Wan P

base subtruncate, shortly defl inged to the coh tout 1.5 mm long, 2.5

mm wide, the foot thick, phoma with the anther, rostellum and stigma arsry

EDUADOR: Imbabura: Los Cedros Reserve, epiphytic in wet forest along a ridge, alt. 1400 m, 23 Jan.

1993, S. Dalstrim, T. Héijer & H. Wanntorp 1741 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 16628; same area,

alt. 1700 m, 21 Jan. 1993, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer & H. Wanntorp 1714, 1719 (MO); same area, alt. 1400

m, 23 Jan. 1993, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer & H. Wanntorp 1739 (MO), Selva yey alt. 2730 m, C. Luer,

J. Luer & A. Hirtz 6043 (SEL). Carchi: east of Maldonado, alt. 2000 m, 2 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, al

strém & T. Héijer 9892 (MO). Esmeraldas: epiphytic in wet forest Lee Lita and San Lorenzo, alt.

750 m, 18 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & C. Dodson 12392 (MO). does pa! nae Tandapi,

alt. 2100 m, 31 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, an ay) A. & X. Hirtz 11028 (MO); farm road below Tandapi, alt.

1450 m, 1 Mar. 1986, C. Luer, C. D n, A. Hirtz & A. Embree 12056 _ woh ere Chiriboga and

Santo Domingo, alt. 1500 m, 28 May pee C. Luer & A. Hirtz 13722 (MO); same area, cultivated by F

* inti colesed by M. Whitten 91006 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 16322; West Tiniza, Cerro Azu

m, 23 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 12473 (MO). Napo: near Lumbaqui, epiphytic in

pd roan a ound the Bermejo oil fields, alt. 850 m, 9 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.

Embree 11759 ei: of A. embreei: MO); between Rio Jatunyacu and Pano, alt. 800 m, ” Feb.

004, A. Hirtz & X. Hirtz 8677 (MO)

This species has no single distinctive feature, but the combination of characters

sets it sufficiently apart from the hoard of others. Vegetatively, the species is large,

but not distinctive. The flowers are relatively large with multiveined sepals; the

one-veined petals are subfalcate and entire; and the reclining lip is elliptical, obtuse,

slightly convex, microscopically cellular-glandular, and with a glenion at the base

between calli similar to Acronia fossulata. Some collections referred to this spe-

cies differ in various, minor details. One of these collections is Pleurothallis

embreei, which has a proportionately smaller lip.

Acronia chama (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin chama, “a cockle,” in Ti : the bivalved, shell-like flower.

Bas.: Pleurothallis chama Luer, ERLET 3: 264, 1

tol trial ‘tose: roots slender, Ramicauls slender,

erect, 20-35 cm non. with a close, tubular sheath on the lower third and 2 other sheaths at Aiea

erect, coriaceous, ovate, acute, shear’ acuminate, 8-12 cm long, 5-7 cm wide, the base sessile, deeply

cordate, more or tess conduplicate Inflorescence a single flower, subtended by a spathe 10-13; mm

long, at the base of the leaf, from the apex of the ramicaul; peduncles 2-3 mm long, ¢

spathe; floral bracts thin, tubular, 5-6 mm long; pedicels 7-8 mm long; ovary 6-7 mm long * v4

yellow-brown speckled with red, glabrous, microscopically ciliate, = dorsal vent rege elliptic

obtuse, 12 mm long, 8 mm wide, 7-veined, the lateral sepals s connate into a broadly o e, obtuse red

pal, 10 mm long, 11 mm wide; petals purple, oblong, acute, rexbros incurved, ‘ae ony aki evs

wide, 1-veined; lip red-brown, thick, flat, oblong, obtuse, microscopically denticulate, 4.5 mm

pale

110 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

mm wide, the disc finely verrucose above the middle, with a large, yellow, smooth, elliptical area to

ither side of a glenion at the base, the b , Slightly curved on the end, hinged to the column-

foot; column stout, | mm long, 2 mm wide, the foot thick, obsolescent, with the anther, rostellum and

ECUADOR: Zamora-Chinchipe: terrestrial on road embankment east of the pass between Loja and

Zamora, alt. ca. 2000 m, 6 Mar. 1977, C. Luer, J. Luer & K. Cordoba 1554 (Holotype: SEL; Isotype: MO).

Known only from the original collection from southeastern Ecuador, this species

is characterized by a large, deeply cordate leaf more or less compressed at the base.

The flower is similar to that of Acronia cordata, but larger with the dorsal sepal 7-

veined. The petals are large and denticulate. The lip is flat, oblong and obtuse with

a smooth, elliptical area to either side of the glenion.

Acronia chaparensis Luer & R.Vasquez, sp. nov.

t of Cochabamba, where the species was

collected.

sa Species haec Acroniae microcardiae (Rchb.f.) Luer affinis, sed sepalis proportione latioribus et

Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, suberect to horizon-

tal, ves long, with a close, tubular sheath below the middle and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf

ig, Corlaceous, narrowly ovate, acute, 7-10 cm long, 2-2.3 cm wide, the base sessile,

eovly: " rdate. Inflorescence a single, successive flower lying against the leaf, borne from a spathe

thie. ubuler § the leaf; peduncles 3-4 mm long, concealed within the spathe; floral bracts

mori : 3 mm long; pedicels 8 mm long; ovary 3 mm long; sepals translucent light green, lightly

lateral oe : wi paln wide, 3-veined, the

ary light red, widely spread, narrowly linear-triangular, acute, 7 mm long, 1 mm

. fied ats oblong, obtuse, 10 mm long, 4.5 mm wide, minutely

» with a small glenion, concave on the end, hinged to the column-foot;

column stout, terete : , , hing ;

and stigma apical. 1-5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the foot thick, obsolescent, with the anther, rostellum

: Cochabamba: Chapare, coll :

» collected and cultivated by Roberto V. i ivati

15 Jan, 1984, R. Vasquez s.n. (SEL), C. Luer iNtente. 9353, y tto Vasquez, flowered in cultivation

Acronia chavezii (|

Fry - a chave i (Luer) Luer, comb. nov,

Bas.: P 7 s a i thi ies.

* eo ae Letra 72, 1996,

‘ » Caes) i X ‘.

long, with a close, 2 el seme humerous, slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 15-26 cm

third and 2 — sheaths at Leaf suberect, coria-

sessile, deeply cordate. Inflorescence a

within the sheath; floral bracts sig $y 11-13 mm long; peduncles 1-3 mm long, concealed

red- ; Cider long; pedicels 12-15 mm long; ovary 4 mm long; sepals

pom regne into an oblong, acute s 8.5 mm long, 6.5 mm wide expanded, 3-

cake Cute synsepal, 8.5

veined, narrowed above the base, with abact re vy denticulate, 6.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, 1-

» 4.25 mm long, 1.5 Aialebite, he column; lip ly subpan-

with a shallow, circular concavity, witha nisi” base, narrowed to 0.75 mm above the base, the base

claw, hinged to the column-foot, the unde n a ts Om the anterior margin, truncate, with a deflexed

middle; column | mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the Sead re ne the midvein, greatest above the

COSTA RICA: & eee anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

Estacién Pitilla, alt. 11 Pep ingeed in Parqué Nacional Guanacaste, Estacién Biolégi

illustr. 17282 00 m, 24 Oct. 1990, C. Cha er 438 (1 » Estacién Biolégica Volcan,

(Holotype: K; Isotypes: CR, MO), C. Luer

Oe ee a ee ee a ee mee,

SSPE Tee Vee a een Oe eS PO Se = ALP he ee ne es EE IR eyes

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 111

Vegetatively, this species is indistinguishable from many others with an ovate,

acute, deeply cordate leaf borne by a longer ramicaul. The flowers are of average

size for the section with a broadly elliptical, concave, three-veined dorsal sepal as

long as the narrow, acute synsepal. The petals are narrowly elliptical, acute and

minutely denticulate with a lobule at the base. The lip is narrowly pandurate, acute

at the apex, narrowed above the dilated base. The basal fourth is filled with a shal-

low, circular cavity.

Acronia cobriformis (L.O.Williams) Luer, comb. nov.

rom the Latin cobriformis, “like a cobra,” in allusion to the flowe:

Bas.: Pleurothallis cobriformis L.O.Williams, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 27: 277, 1940, as cobrae-

bpkers

Pl in siz ts slender. Ramicauls purple, slender, erect, 5-8 cm

long, with a close, tubular cap bos the middle and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf erect, thickly

coriaceous, narrowly elliptical, narrowly obtuse to subacute, o7 ey ig Ee 2-1. 8 cm salad sai base

sessile, cuneate, more or less compressed. sub-

tended by a spathe ca. 5 wisp Pai at 3 base of oe meee peduncles 6-8 mm long; | floral bracts thin,

tubular, 3 mm long; pedicels 4 mm long; ovary 4 glabrous

with large purple spots, broadly ovate, Seeks concave, 7 rf mm lo ng, 5-6 mm wide, 5-veined, the lateral

sepals light green, suffused with rose, connate into an ovate, subacute to obtuse synsepal, 7 mm long, 4-5

mm wide; petals purple, Hila, ovate-subfalcate, acute, lacerate, 5-6 mm long, 1.5-1.75 mm wide

purple, cordate-trilobed, 2-3.5 mm long, 2.5-3.75 mm wide, the apex transversely obtuse, shortly acu-

minate, minutely Reapers es basal lobes rounded, ery ea the aan ne disc shallowly way

the col stout,

sel, th, th. 11

mm long, the foot vet pRaaea, g

PANAMA: Coclé: bhpes of El Valle de Anton, alt. ca. 600 Bt 19 Dec. 1939, A.H. Allen 2057 (Holo-

type: AMES, Isotype: MO); El Valle de Antén, alt. ca. 900 m, Mar. 1976, C. Luer & H. Butcher 1 035

(SEL). Col6én: Santa Rita Ridge, 30 Dec. 1971, J.D. Dwyer & A. aes 9389 (MO).

This species is apparently endemic and uncommon in central Panama. It is

characterized by narrowly oblong, thick, narrowly sessile leaves, with purple rami-

cauls about the same length, and a single flower. The dorsal sepal is purple-spotted

and deeply cucullate over the dark purple, deeply cordate lip with lobes flanking the

column, and purple, finely lacerate petals descending from either side.

Acronia complanata (Luer & Hirtz) Luer, comb. nov.

f m the Latin complanatus, “‘flattened,” referr

Bas.: Pleurothallis oes Luer & aba Lindleyana 11: 154, 1996.

lender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 16-22 cm long,

with a close, tubular cei es on np poor fourth and 2 other sheaths at the ape — erect, coriaceous,

4 tr the leat

narrowly ovate, acute, 8.5-10.5 cm long, 2.5-3 cm wide, the base sessile, ¢ - Inflorescence a

single, successive, flower, borne on en surface of the leaf, subtended by a yaad ca. 10mm ose

peduncles ca. 1 mm long, concealed within the spathe; floral bracts tu tubular, > Lapries

mm long; ovary 3 mm long; sepals sales. the dorsal sepal light estd aes elliptical-obovate,

obtuse to rounded at the apex, 9 mm long, 4 mm w wide, 3-veined, the lateral se Lind § a8 . CO eur’

linear-triangular, acute, entire, 4 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, 1-veined; lip aang cphope Zonet pen

column stout, terete, I-

1.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the foot thick, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

EDUADOR: Morona-Santiago: epiphytic in forest north of Macas along Rio Upano, alt. 1100 m, IS

Jan. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Jesup, A. Jesup, A. Hirtz & S. Ortega 13917 (Holotype: MO).

e eastern slope of central Ecuador is similar

cordate leaf borne by a long, 5m

on. Like Acronia applanat

three-veined ar a

and subulate; and

Vegetatively, this species from th

to many others: a narrowly ovate, acute,

ramicaul. The flowers are of average size for the secti

the flower lies against the leaf. The dorsal sepal is obovate and

rounded apex, and longer than the synsepal. The petals are entire

the oblong-ovate lip is minutely verrucose and slightly convex.

Se See AS a NE Ee ee Pa EE eS

112 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia compressa (Luer) es comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin compressus, “compressed,” referring to the laterally compressed ramicaul.

Bas.: sien wg! ‘genase yak eae 11: 75, 1996.

Dien?’ + 1

Ramicauls slender, erect, sharply com-

pressed above, decurrent within ps ie for 1-1.5 cm, 20-25 cm long, with a tubular sheath on the lower

third and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf deflexed when mature, coriaceous, concave, ovate, acuminate

above the middle, acute, 11-15 cm long, 3-4 cm wide above the base, 1.5 mm wide above the middle, the

base shallowly cordate. Inflorescence a fascicle of successive single flowers, subtended by a broad,

suberect spathe 10-12 mm long; egnan 1-2 mm Laie thick, deep within the spathe; pedicels 9-10 mm

long, ostly concealed brac spose. ca. 5 mm long; ovary 9-10 mm long;

light b glabrous, the dorsal sepal elliptical-ov » Subacute, with the sides reflexed, 8 mm

— 5mm nm wide ex expanded, 3- 3-veined, the lateral ] sepal, longitudi-

nally concave centrally with the sides reflexed, 6. 5 mm ee 7 mm wide carenaed. PRE, petals

light brown, reflexed, narrowly oblong-subfalcate, acute, entire, 6.5 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, 1-veined;

lip brown, thick, transversely ch a obtuse, 2.5 mm long, 3.25 mm wide, with the margins thick-

ened, concave within the margins, pyramidal glenion, fl

, hing dt the

stout, 1.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the foot _ om pubescent, with the anther, rostellum pe i

COSTA RICA: Cartago: Turrialba, without further collection data, flowered in ee at the Lan-

kester Botanical Garden, Cartago, 7 Mar. 1995, C. Luer 17380 (Holotype: CR: Isotype: MO).

This species differs from all the other members of this section by the sharply

compressed ramicauls upon which the deflexed leaf is decurrent for at least one

centimeter, similar to some species of Ancipitia. Sapper it is also similar to

Acronia peculiaris of neighboring Panama. small, brown flowers protrude

from the spathe and face downward. The sides ta the dorsal sepal and the synsepal,

as well as the subfalcate petals, are reflexed. The pyramidal callus of the triangular

lip fits beneath the column with the glenion and vi

[ cronia conicostigma (Luer) — comb. nov.

ny Pala Conicostigma, “cone-shaped sti stigma,” refetting to the stigmatic lobes.

drlcsaticesn Lace, Selbyana 1: 236, 1975.

sore Pare haae Caespitose; slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 8-18 cm long,

: on the lower third and 2 other sheathe atthe base

. of acuminate, 6-10 cm long, 2.5-4 cm wide, the base sessile, deeply

subtended b aba successive, single, non-resupinate flowers, borne on top of the leaf,

tubular, 3-5 mm pedice 2-4 mm long, within the spathe; floral bracts

sepal broadly mon ii 015m — long; ovary 5-61 mm long; sepals yellow, glabrous, the middle

broadly ovate, obtuse s 6 ong, 4-5 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals connate into a

cal-oblong, acute rei es +, ng one wile, 4-veined; petals yellow, elliptical to aad

iscidium in apposition.

i : , 2.25 mm lo 3

below a glenion, hinged to ee rounded, protuberant calli, the base acutely deflexed

anther, rostellum and stigma apical, the Sot; column stout, 1.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the foot thick, the

U - ha: terrestrial

1975, C. Luer & R. Kent 301 (Holotype: SEL S 1500 m, 2M

569 (SEL). Imbabura: south south of Lit nd same area, 17 Aug 1975, C. Luer, G. Peggy Withetm

1 ler. Hrtcet a. 15166 (MO to Sta. Rosa de Cachaco, alt. 1300 m, 17 Mar. 1991, C. Luer,

relatively Tete Most distin =~ d uppermost a are obtuse and the pls are

prominent calli, and the protruding, cone-shaped Sippiat

LHe on ee ee ae ee a ee ee ee a ee a,

Tt -. .< te wen

gpa ed

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 113

Acronia constricta (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin constrictus, “constricted,” referring to the labellum.

Bas.: Pleurothallis constricta Luer & R.Escobar, Orquideologia 21: 84, 1998

Plant large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls stout, erect, 35-40 cm long, with a tubu-

lar sheath below the middle and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf suberect to spreading, coriaceous,

oblong-ovate, acute, sdaniibdes 18-19 cm peat 5-5.5 cm wide, the ly cordate. Inflores-

cence a successive, single flower, borne from a reclining spathe 2-2.5 cm long at the base of the a

peduncles ca. 5 mm long within the spathe; floral bracts thin, tubular, ca. 15 mm long; pedicels 25

ng; ovary 6-7 mm long; sepals microscopically cellular-ciliate, the dorsal sepal yellow, or whe with

red at baie ee: began’ Lee SUDREUtE, 25 mm bape 13 mm wide, 7-veined, the lateral sepals red,

connate oncav 1, 20 mm long, 16 mm wide, 10-veined; petals red,

narrowly triangular, sate, pete genes, entire, 12 mm long, 2 5 mim | wide at the base; ve dark red,

broadly ovate, 5 rn ong, 5. —_— the apex

cea pupintneatdrd ptt anit shen suey bay poet aha

mm broad, the foot thick, 1 mm long, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

COLOMBIA: Santander: Virolin, El Taladro, alt. 2000 m, collected by E. Valencia, May 1992, culti-

vated at Colomborquideas, Feb. 1993, R. Escobar 5297 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 18537

This species, apparently endemic in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, i is most

distinguished by the large habit with acute, long-cordate leaves and a large flower.

The dorsal sepal is 25 millimeters long with seven veins, and the petals are

subfalcate and smooth similar to those of Acronia canidentis. The most distinctive

lip is comparatively small, broadly ovate, constricted above the middle with de-

curved margins, and a truncate apex.

Acronia convexa ae & ewer ie Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin “convex,” referring to the shape of the lip.

Bas.: Pleurothallis convexa sep & Hirtz, Lindleyana 11: 155, 1996.

Plant nope epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, pars 25-35 cm long, with a

close, tubular sheath on the lower third and 2 other sheaths at the base. coriaceous, ovate,

—ee, lightly acuminate, be 14cm -—, 5-6.5 cm eee 478 base sessile, pales cordate. rescence

gle flow p of the leaf, subtended by a s spathe ca. 15 mm long;

peduncles 4-5 mm long; floral ena panera: 7T- 8 mm long; pedicels 12-13 mm long; ovary 6 mm long;

sepals yellow, purple or brown, subcarinat e, glabrous, the dorsal sepal oblong, obtuse, 8 mm long, 2.75

mm wide, rey the lateral sepals connate into an ovate, subacute to obtuse synsepal, 7 mm long, 4.5

mm wide, 4-veined; petals brown, obliquely oblong, Re egieat denticulate, 4.5 mm long, |! mm

wie, I-veined; ‘ip yell ow, purple or bepwn: objong-obe ate; 3. + mm long, 1.75 mm wide, convex

a -| undersurface concave, the base sub-

truncate, “transversely thickened with a small glenion, flattened on wth end, hinged to the column-foot;

column stout, terete, 1 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the foot thick, obsolescent, with the anther, rostellum and

stigma apical

ECUADOR: Pichincha: epiphytic in wet forest between Mindo and eon alt. 900 m,

Aug. 1989, A. Hirtz 4488 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 16236. Esmeraldas: epiphytic in wet peat

between Lita and San Lorenzo, alt. 750 m, 18 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz va C Dodson 1239.

(MO); Reserva Endesa, near Puerto Vicente Maldonado, alt. 800 m, 25 Mar. 1985, G. Harling & L.

Andersson 23308 (GB).

Vegetatively, this large species from lowland, northwestern Ecuador resembles

Acronia cordata. The flowers are of average size for the section with an oblong,

obtuse, thee venad dorsal sepal; minutely denticulate, oblong petals; and a gla-

ous, obovate lip with a convex, obscurely trilobulate apex. The undersurface is

concave without the usual development of a more or less conical protuberance

tip.

114 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia cordata (Ruiz & Pav.) Luer, omg peo Gen. Sp. Orch. 5, 1830.

Bas.: Humboldtia cordata Ruiz & Pav., Syst. Veg. 234, 1

Ety.: From the Latin cordatus, “° “cordate,” referring to . eh of the leaves.

aa Stelis cordata (Ruiz & Pav.) Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 140, 1805.

Pleurothallis monocardia Rchb.f., Bonplandia 3: 72, 1855.

b dia (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 668, 1891.

Syn.: Pleurothallis eaieinila Sc hitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14: 128, 1915.

Ety.: From the Greek fan topiylion, “heart-leaved, ” Gehikie ts the leaf.

oe: Llagenen monocardius ans ‘phe & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 120, 2001.

epiphytic. Ramicauls slender to stout, erect, 10-40

cm or more long, witha aco, ‘tubular sheath on the lower third and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf

horizontal, ovate, obtuse, shortly acuminate, 6-14 cm long, 5-8 cm wide, the

base sessile, deeply cordate ‘nflorescence a faacicle of ‘Successive, single flowers, several sometimes

y P y a bro ad, reclining spathe 5-10 mm long;

peduncles 2-3 mm long led wi floral lar, 5-8 a 6-10

reas long; veny 47 mm se flowers gaping, red, orange, yl. brown ° purple, sepals fleshy, gla-

cy 4-8.5 mm long, eer Oe rh veined, the lateral

epee ong, 3 ar%s mm wide, 6-veined; petals

oblong, acute to subacute, faking the e lip. minutely denticulate, 36: mm long, 1-1.75 mm wide, 1-

veined; lip thick, ovate, 2-3

— the margins A ticrecepcal denticulate, the disc slightly convex, sometimes microscopi-

ee y truncate, usually with a small glenion, flattened on the end,

Gea Gi ae umn-foot, tout, ite -1.5 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, the foot thick, obsoles-

(Representative collections of A. cordata sensu lato

ese hepa Pillao, - rocks and trees above Muifia, 1787, Ruiz & Pavén s.n. (Holotype: M).

July 1994, 98, H Delica: & a ; 1 Condor, Puesto de Vigilancia Alfonso Ugarte, alt. 1000 m, 20

vall oster 1089 (SEL, USM). Huancabamba: Mathews 1903 (W); Bitaco

ae ic slope of western cordillera, alt. 4,500 ft., 30 Nov. 1963, P.C. Hutchison & J.K. Wright

(F, K, Mt MO, NY, . Cajamarca: San i

id + pes ey : eal 2667 MO). Huanuco: Carpish Hills, between Hudnuco and Tingo Maria, alt.

Maui. Cesky Potlais shi Luer, H. & W. Kéniger 5355 (SEL). San Martin: Rioja, Jere

MO). Pasco: Aguas Verdes, alt. 1260 m, 24 June 1998, I. Sdnchez V. et al 9487 (CP

arpa ane pss 2630 m, pie 1982, D.N. Smith 2548 (MO). Cuzco: tebe.

penhiyisieweg ih: Yungas, Cor ng t. 2000 m, 28 Nov. 1987, P. Nufiez V. 868] (MO).

AMES: isot LE, M. US): § ; 20 nage 1897, M. Bang 2151 (holotype of P. rhopalocarpa:

Luer & x Vase 5017 (SE ur Yungas, al ong Rio Unduavi, alt. 3100 m, 29 Jan. 1980, C. Luer, J.

say L); Murillo, below dam at Lago Zongo, alt. 2200 m, 16 Dec. 1982, J.

ECUADOR

AAU, DR Care hore Maden, alt. 1450-1650 m, 1 June 1978, M.T. Madison et al. 4861

ari aad Tenibo. alt. 500 m, 20

Jeppesen, B. Lo

1100 A . Dilgaard 6.

; ere May ees Harling, G. 5 ives mC 861 (AAU). Pastaza a.

Nov. 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 4 ). : razo: east of Pallatanga, alt. 2200 m, 13

27 July 1945, WHC. SEL). Azuay: north of Sevilla de Oro, alt. 8,000-9,000 ft.,

ag, G. i nied cry NY, SEL); Sevilla de ¢ Oro, alt. 2400 m, 18 Apr. 1968, G. Harl-

. alt. 1600 m, 195 ‘W road between Limén and Gualaquiza,

<r a . Feb. 1978, C. hae pica ‘cee n al 55 Ey (SEL). Loja: no 4 be ‘Vas. alt. ca.

- Motau & B. Eriksen 3127 (GB EI Or 00-2600 m,

Sept. 1980, C. Luer, J. Luer & HH. Morgan 5537 (SEL). near pass south of era ay i 2400 m, 22

{

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 115

COLOMBIA: Chocé: Alto de Los Galapagos, San José del Palmar, alt. 2000 m, collected by E. Valen-

cia, cultivated at Colomborquideas, ar. 1997, R. Escobar 8302 (MO).

Norte de Santander: Toledo, Alto de Santa Inez, alt. 2100 m, 23 May 1982, C. Luer, R. Escobar & D.

Portillo 7958 (SEL). Santander: east of B ga toward Berlin, alt. 2280 m, 3 Nov. 1981, C. Luer

& R. Escobar 6551 (SEL). Antioquia: C 4, along Rio Cocorna, alt. 1600 m, 24 Apr. 1983, C. Luer

et al 8800 (SEL). Risaralda: Pueblo Rico, Alto de Linea, alt. 2100 m, 11 May 1993, C. Luer, J. Luer &

R. Escobar 16788 (MO). Tolima: southern slope of Mt. Tolima, north of Ibague, alt. 2600 m, 21 Apr.

1982, C. Luer, J. Luer & R. Escobar 7493 (SEL). Valle del Cauca: Alto de Los ;

pass, alt. 1750 m, 13 May 1993, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Escobar & A. DeWilde 16813 (MO). Cauca: Boli-

var, San Juan de Villalobos, alt. 1600-1800 m, collected by J. Aguirre, cultivated at Colomborquideas, 26

Mar. 1997, R. Escobar 8304 (MO). Narifio: Reserva La Planada, alt. 1500-1800 m, 30 Apr. 1988, Olga

de Benavides 9656 (MO, PSO). Putumayo: between Sibundoy and Mocoa, alt. 2200 m, 20 Jan. 1979, C.

Luer, J. Luer & O. Ospina 3721 (SEL).

Treated as a large species-complex, this taxon is frequent and variable in its

wide distribution from the coastal range of Venezuela through all three cordilleras

of Colombia and south through the Andes of Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia. It was first

collected in Peru by Ruiz and Pavén on their search for medicinal plants in the

eighteenth century.

After having examined many dozens of both fresh and freshly pickled flowers,

and many dozens of rehydrated flowers from dry specimens, and no fewer than 30

illustrations made from them, I conclude that at least three recognizable taxa are

hopelessly mixed, most having been identified as Acronia cordata. All are similar

with large, ovate, deeply cordate leaves, and small flowers of the basic “A. bival-

vis” design. Individuals cannot be identified without knowing the proportions of

the sepals and details of the petals and lip. Therefore, the collections cited include

all three taxa, which are treated here as subspecies. Only when their identity is

possible, are the collections properly cited separately from A. cordata.

Acronia cordata is identified by its large, horizontal, broadly ovate, shortly

acuminate, deeply cordate leaves, although some other species produce similar

leaves that are indistinguishable from those of A. cordata. One to several small,

widely expanded, simultaneous flowers are produced in a cluster at the base of the

leaf. In typical A. cordata, the dorsal sepal is glabrous, elliptical-ovate, obtuse,

three-veined, and between four and eight millimeters long. The synsepal is usually

a little broader, and nearly the same length. The petals are more or less oblong and

minutely denticulate. The lip is ovate, obtuse, minutely or microscopically cellular-

glandular or denticulate, and with a small glenion. All colors and combinations of

colors occur. Reichenbach’s P. monocardia and Schlechter’s P. cardiophylla

belong here. Pleurothallis rhopalocarpa, treated here as a subspecies of A. cordata,

is distinguished by the dorsal sepal that is obovate, obtuse or rounded at the apex,

occasionally incompletely 5-veined, and distinctly longer than the synsepal. It

commonly lies flat against the leaf. The petals are oblong-triangular and acute.

Pleurothallis trachysepala, also treated as a subspecies of A. cordata, is distin-

giuished by scabrous, ciliate sepals, and oblong, ciliate petals. Flowers with charac-

ters intermediate among the above three taxa are not uncommon.

In Pleurothallis of Flora of Venezuela by Foldats, 15(2): 347, fig. 312, 1970, a

drawing of Acronia bivalvis (Pleurothallis stenocardium) is identified as P. mono-

cardia [= A. cordata]. In Venezuelan Orchids Illustrated 6: 334, 1976, and in Selbya-

na 3: 77 and 85, 1976, illustrations of A. cordata subsp. rhopalocarpa are idenu es

as P. cordifolia, a species described as having “‘linear-setaceous petals, whi

indicates otherwise. A drawing by Dunsterville labelled P. monocardia is rather

typical of A. cordata.

116 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia cordata subs (Schltr.) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas.: Pleurothallis po rte Schltr., Fs Repert. Spec. ‘Nov. - Regni Veg. 10: 4 43, 1 1922.

Ety.: From the Greek rhopalocarpus, “ lub-shaped fruit,” referring to the capsules.

Plant and Inflorescence similar to the type; flowers viel expanded, bay bay ppuae sepals

, glabrous, th he apex, 7-10 m: g, 5-7 wide, 3-

eined (sometimes with a partial additional vein), the | nate into a pied oe to.trans-

aed ovate, obtuse synsepal, 6-7 mm long, oe mm wide, 4-veined; petals incurved, elliptical-oblong,

acute, minutely pasa 4-6 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, 1-veined; lip thick, oblong-subquadrate, 2.5-

3.5mm vip 2-3 wide, obtuse to round at the apex, the disc flat and more or less cellular-glandular

above the middle, shiny-glabrous below the middle, os base broadly truncate, usually with the glenion

BOLIVIA: La Paz: Nor Yungas, bie 20 Apr. 1897, M. Bang 2151 (holotype of P. rhopalocarpa:

AMES; isotypes: LE, M, US).

ECUADOR, COLOMBIA, and PERU: Numerous collections are intermixed with collections with more

typical flowers.

Vegetatively indistinguishable, this variation of Acronia cordata, common in

Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru is recognized, because the flower appears distinctly

different, although the differences are small. The flower often lies expanded against

the leaf with the obovate dorsal distinctly longer than the wider synsepal. The lip is

more oblong than ovate, and it is shiny smooth below the middle. In the typical

flower, the surface of the lip is microscopically cellular-glandular.

Acronia cordata subsp. ee (Kraenzl.) Luer., comb. nov.

Repert. Spec. Nov. Regi Veg. 1: 178, 1905.

Ety.: ron trachysepalon, “rough sepal, e laphagat the verrucose sepals.

v. Regni Veg. Beih. 9: 72, 1921.

Repert

By.: From the Greek brachyblepharos, “short pein ag

nia micring to the ciliated petals.

=a .: Pleurothallis platycardium Schitr., Notizbl. Bot. Gart. opt saaaigg Tt S29, 1921.

From the Greek platykardium, “broad heart,”’ referring to the leav

a: : Pleurothallis erymnochila Luer, Selbyana 3: 102, 1976.

tum at Pare x eoxnuans a page lip,” refering to the border of the lip.

, variously colored; ovary

— verrucose; sepals fleshy, fei liate and more or fess prere pubescent, the dorsal —

tical, obtuse, 5-9 mm long, 4-6 mm wide, 3-veined, the lat a broa

obtuse synsepal, 4.5-7 mm long, 5-8.5 mm

& i _ wide, I-veined; lip lak: ted-purple or brown, thick, ovate-sul subqu. ua-

ili nutely verruc’

with the x broad obtuse, i apres

tened on rane beet = - naar, owly concave, with a small axthy the base truncate, flat-

PERU: Cajamarca: H ee Pp i

Weberbauer 4095 ( i soraada et Hualgay 2700-3000 peel without date, A.

Cuzco: rocky Neotype here desi congas

slo en

pes near _ alt. 2300 m, Mar. 1902, A. Bae becu-as. 635 (Holotype of P.

1975, C. Lew G. Luer & S. Wilhelm 4 pooh sy road embankment, Quito to Santo SEES, alt. 2000 m, 15 Aug.

COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca:

of P platycardium: presamedie tonne N and Fusagasuga, at 1770 m, R Schnitter s.n. (holotype

more typical flowers. Xs other collections are intermixed with those with

Vegetatively indistinou; ‘

eeu se ndistinguishable, this common variation of Acronia cordata,

, and Peru is reco

more or less ve gnized, because the flower with its

the typical flower ee long-iliate sepals, petals and lip differs sufficiently from

Ee ee ee eR a a ee ee ee

eT te

ree ee

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 117

Acronia pub open — f. & Wagener) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From rdifolius, ““cordate-leaved,”’ referring to the shape of the leaves.

Bas.: ssp cordifolia Rchb.f. & Wagener, Bonplandia 2: 26, 1854.

age ee hagas weg fF. & Bis pu anes Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 667, 1891.

der. Ramicauls slender, erect, 8-30 cm long,

with a close, tubular ads on yee oe third and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf suberect to spread-

ing, coriaceous, neondly ovate, subacute to obtuse, shortly acuminate, 5-13 cm long, 3-6. 5 cm wide, the

base sessile, cordate. single flowers, b f the leaf,

subtended by a narrow spathe 5-10 mm long; peduncles | < mm 1 long within the spathe; floral hash

tubular, 5-9 mm Ion ng; eee 5- 8 mm long; ovary 2.5-4 mm | g; sepals yellow, bytes e to light

nae us obovate,

rown, sometimes ye llo g veins, ght rol

obtuse, 4-7 mm (rarely 8 mm) long, 2.5-4 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral

subacute to obtuse syn: sepal, 4-6.5 mm i 2 fe) mm) long, 3.5-5.5 mm wide, 4-ve Shae narrow-

ly linear-oblong, acute ‘ose to entire, 3-4.5 mm long, 0.5-0.8 mm wae 1-veined; lip

red, brown o' or purple, ovate, obtuse, 2-3 B mm long, 1.5-3 mm wide, the disc flat to shallowly concave,

the base subcordate with a glenion, shallowly concave on the end, hinged to the column-foot; column

semiterete, 1-1.5 mm long, 1-1.75 mm wide, the foot obsolescent, with the anther and stigma apical

VENEZUELA: Dist. Fed.: near Caracas, without specific locality, alt. 4,000 ft., 1850, H. Wagener 42

(Holotype: W). Anzoategui: Dist. Freeites, Cerro Peonja, alt. 2300 m, 3 Dec. 1981, G. Davidse & A.

Gonzdlez 19907 (MO).

OLOMBIA: insufficient mate pk

PANAMA: Coclé: El Valle, alt. ca. 1000 m, cultivated 28 Jan. 1982, C. Luer 68/2 (SEL). Veraguas: C.

Luer 1141 (holotype of P. veraguasensis: SEL). Chiriqui: San Vicente, Sept. 1976, C. Luer & H.

ote 1197 (SEL). Bocas del Toro: Valle de Silencia, no alt., 10 Aug. 1979, T. Antonio 1621 (MO).

DOR: Carchi: between Maldonado and Chical, alt. 1500 m, 15 Jan. 1992, C. Luer, J. Luer. A.

} +

Tes SUP, a Jesup & A. Hirtz 16029 (MO). Esmeraldas: west of Lita, at * m, 18 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J.

Luer et al. 12396 (MO). Pichincha: between Angamarca and Corazon, alt. 1500 m, 17 Feb. 1979, C.

Luer, J. Luer & A, Hirtz Pastaza: north of Puyo, Mar. iyie Eta ont tS

4001 (SEL). EL).

Morona-Santiago: Tena C. Luer 549, 638 (SEL); Rio Calagras, alt. 1600 m, 19 Sept. 1980, C. Luer

5497 (SEL). Azuay: orange grove, old road to Cuenca, 20 Feb. 1977, C. Luer & J. lier 1481 (SEL).

amora-Chinchipe: Cordillera ag Condor: east of Los Encuentros, alt. 1500 m, 19 May 1988, C. Luer,

A. Hirtz et al. 13482 (MO, QCNE

This species is an teh of insufficient material to draw positive conclusions.

Apparently, it is variable in a wide distribution from Central America into the

Andes. It is characterized by a broadly ovate leaf acuminate at the apex and cordate

at the base with a small, usually yellow flower with a red, brown or purple lip.

Except for the smaller size and the petals, the flower is “‘standard’’ as seen in the

Acronia bivalvis-complex. The most distinctive petals are narrow, less than one

millimeter wide, aptly described by Reichenbach (1854: 26) as ‘‘linearisetaceis.”

Some populations in the Andes are larger florally than the usual, but the petals are

always less than one millimeter wide. The illustration in Venezuelan Orchids Il-

lustrated by Dunsterville and Garay, 6: 335, 1976, identified as Pleurothallis cordi-

folia is A. cordata subsp. cordata.

Acronia coriacardia (Rchb.f.) ears comb. no

Ety.: Latin coriacardius, * -cordate, "refering to the leaves.

Bas.: egheeee coriacardia Bho f., Bonplandia 2: 26, 1854

Syn.: Humb li f.)K Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 667, 1891.

Syn.: Pleurothallis ioiwaatiees Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 106, 1920, not

Rchb.f. 1849,

Ety.: From the Greek leontoglossa, “‘lion-tongue,” in allusion to the labellum.

Syn.: Pleurothallis smithii Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regi Veg. Beih. 7: 114, 1920.

Ety.: . Smith who collected this species fe

Syn.: tiearsialle corralensis Garay, Arquiv. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 13: 42, 1954, new af

Fini leontoglossa Schltr. Seated

| «

Pe gc gy, J Was LUu2itw

VNCT

118 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Plant large, epiphytic, cacspitose; roots ‘Slender, eemeonan /Ramiceis ee to phe erect, 20-45

cm long, with a close Leaf suberect to

spreading, , ovate to narrowly ovate, , acute, lightly a hee cm coe: 3-8 cm wide, the

base sessile, deeply cordate e flowers, several sometimes

¢ tha 1. -

btended by a — re mm long; peduncles 2-4

=o concealed within the mae: floral | aay tubular, a 10 mm long; pedicels 6-14 mm m long;

ti ellow-brown to red-brown, occasional-

res metele. sepals fle fleshy, g glabrous scent within, a dorsal sepal ovate,

acute to subacute, 10-15 mm long, 5-6 mm wide, Sime, the late soil sepals connate into an ovate, acute

to subacute synsepal, 10-15 mm long, 6-8 mm wide, 4-veined; petals colored as the sepals, narrowly

triangular, oblique, acute, minu Pa ide 4: 7 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, 1-veined; lip oblong-

ovate, 5-7 mm long, 2-3.25 mm wide, the apex obtuse with a low, subconical callus beneath, the margins

microscopically denticulate, the disc slightly convex, more or less microscopically subverrucose, the

d, hinged to the column-foot; column stout,

terete, 1-1.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the foot thick, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

Representative collections:

Pn AOD

n the ascent to Sotara, Th. Hartweg s.n. (Holotype: K);

Corrales, eastern on of sacha anaes of Popayn, alt. 2000-2800 m, F.C. Lehmann 3207

(holotype of P. leontoglossa presum: ed at B: lectotype here de signated: K; isotype: AMES).

Cesar: Santa Marta, 1898-1901, H.H. Smith 2362 (holotype of P. smithii: K; Isotypes: AMES, NY, US),

C. Luer illustr, 16988. Antioquia: Antioquia, between San Pi Don Matius, alt. Hada 4 15

1985, C.H. Dodson, R. Escobar & E. Valencia 15305 (MO). Cundinamarca: between Bogota and

La ke yg ewes m, 27 Nov. 1947, FA. Barkley, H. ne J li de sf R. Westies 17C784

‘ 2400 1981, C. Luer & R.

peed 6554 (SEL). Santander del Sur: west of Velez aie Landazuri, at pes m, C. Luer, J

Luer, R. Escobar & E. Valencia 10117 (MO). Aurauca: Monte de Toro, alt. 2900 m, D. Portillo, 30

1982, 8006 (SEL). west — - Alto de La Linea, alt. 2930 m, 25 Nov. 1982, 4

sang ui ies Mesa eae yes ‘pout gees Reo between Urrao and Carmen de Atrato,

Ls er, Hooke ft lL.

Tbague and pesdlgg alt. 3500 m, 20 Oct. 1 ret al. 17688 (MO). Tolima: La Linea beeen

Putuma H. Martinez 3 761 (SEL).

“ssi? eta re ag y gmap alt. 2700 m, 30 a 1978. C. Luer et al. 3070 (SEL):

VENEZUELA:

poe ei ty drop nba alt. 3100 m, 20 Mar. 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 15192

(GB). Pichincha: chica: Quito o Santa Barbara, alt. 2700 m, 4 Mar. 1974, G. Harling & L. Andersson 12452

west of Lit, ak 700'm, 9 Mar. 1991, Lace I. Leer «Hive 45109 (MO).

uer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 15163

Nap wae of of Rio sdived bscreiiee below Cuyuja, alt. 2600-2800 m, 20 May 1947, FR. Fosberg ents

hepa awode a 00 m, 12 Nov. 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 4773 (SEL).

of Riobamba toward Altar, alt. 3100 t. 2800 m, Feb. 1991, A. Hirtz 5144 (MO). Chimborazo: east

r bebeeas m, 14 Nov 3 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 4794 (SEL). Mo-

& B. Strom 8234 (GB). Bo roniarapaare = 2800-3000 m, 12 Apr. 1968, G. Harling, G. Storm

& U. Molau 14243, 14301 (AAU. GB ges and Pindilig, alt. 3000 m, 8 June 1979, B. Lojtnant, A.

Mar. 1945, WH. Camp E-2280 peat mney Paramo de Tinajillas, south of Cuenca, alt. 11,000 ft., 17

9 Oct. 1944, LL Wiggins 10970 (US). 2 Y). Loja: Cerro Villanaco, west of Loja, alt. 8,000-9,000 ft.,

Apr. 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S. atk pega gains eer eees. a 2400 m, 16

Condor, east of Guismé, alt. 1500 Peele oop: & B. Ollgaard 3609 (AAU, AMES); Cordillera del

PERU: C a Si a ; 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz et al. 11918 (MO).

Hutchison & J.K. K Wright nee SIAMESE the Marafion above Balsas, alt. 2930 m, 24 May 1964, P.C.

a Rio Apisoncho, alt. een K, LE, M, MICH, eh P, UC, US, USM). San Martin:

spare, Cochabanin, ply 1965, A.C. Hamilton & PM, Holligan 1023 W),

r& R. Visquez 939] (SEL) to Villa Tunari, * 1850 m, 17 Jan. 1984, C. Luer, J

This large species was firs

Popayin, Colombia. The type-c

imens are cited

his F Folia Osha in 1859. as #45 for Pleurothallis coriacardia by Lindley in

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 119

Acronia coriacardia is found frequently in the Andes from Venezuela through

Ecuador and south into Peru and Bolivia. In Venezuelan Orchids Illustrated Dun-

sterville’s drawing identified as Pleurothallis undulata is this species. The only

lingering question is the number of veins in the sepals which was omitted both in

the drawing and in the description. In the Orchidaceae by Foldats of the Flora of

Venezuela, an illustration of this species (noted for three veins in the dorsal sepal) is

identified as P. linguifera, a species with multiple veins in the dorsal

Vegetatively pleomorphic, Acronia coriacardia is similar to many other species

in the section. Although the ramicauls are consistently considerably longer than the

leaves they bear, the deeply cordate leaves vary considerably in size, length and

width. Vegetatively, some specimens with large, broad leaves resemble A. cordata.

The leaves of smaller, narrower-leaved specimens resemble numerous other species.

The flowers, however, are sufficiently constant in morphology to permit a

recognition. One or several, relatively large, brownish (sometimes “*polished’

striped), bilabiate, resupinate flowers are produced simultaneously atop the leaf

The dorsal sepal and synsepal are ovate and acute. The dorsal is three-veined; the

synsepal is convex with slightly recurved sides with the lip ex) e are

narrowly triangular, acute, usually minutely denticulate, shorter than the lip, and

commonly pointed laterally and downward from the junction of the sepals. The lip

is lingulate and obtuse, at least twice as long as broad. The surface is slightly

convex and variably glabrous to minutely or microscopically verrucose wi

ticulate margins. A small glenion is present above the deflexed base.

Acronia correllii (Luer) Luer, comb. no ; :

Ety.: Named in honor of Donovan eee eel, noted author of works on American botanical

Bas.: Pleurothallis correllii Luer, Rciebd 3: 88, 1976.

Syn.: Pleurothallis pansamalae var. triangulabia Correll, Lloydia 10: 210, 1947, not P. triangulabia

C.Schweinf. 1937

aya Zosterophyllanthos correllii (Luer) Szlach. & wana Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 118, 2001.

epiphytic ts slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 7-14

cm Mim with a close th ‘ddl d 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf suberect to

sper adinng, co coriaceous, ovate, acatle, slightly acuminate, 4-6. 5 om long, 1 5-2.5 cm wide, the base sessile,

corda' — d by or ae is .

leaf; peduncles 2-3 mm lon ng, ¢ concealed floral bract tubular, 4-6 mm long; pedicel 4-7

mm long; ovary 3 mm long; mitt pale yellow labots the dorsal I sepal ovate, subacute to obtuse, 3.5

mm long, 2.5 mm wide, 3-ve epals synsepal, 3 mm long, 3

, 4-veined; petals y ea linear-oblong, subacute, 2.5 mm long, 0.5 mm nae 1-veined, with

minutely irregular margins; lip capi as triangular-hastate, subacute, 2 mm long, 2 mm wi

margins minutely undulate, the basal angles rounded, disc shallowly concave above the middle, convex

at the base with a glenion, the base subtruncate, hinged to the column-foot; column stout, terete, Imm

long, 1 mm wide, with a foot 1.5 mm long, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

GUATEMALA: Volcén Zunil, alt. 7,900 ft., 4 Aug. 1934, A.F. Skutch 942A (Holotype of P. pansamalae

var. nt ia: AMES, iy as

MEXICO eee: Se sseitiet by Ray McCullough 1863 (SEL), € Luer illustr. 247.

Native to ba dawnt and adjacent Mexico, this species with a small, yellow

flower at the base of a small, ovate leaf is not remarkable except for the lip and its

position. The lip is triangular and held outward a significant distance below the

column by a foot longer than the shaft of the column. The lip of Acronia pansama-

lae is broadly ovate and held against the undersurface of the column.

120 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia corysta (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin korystes, “‘helmeted,”’ referring to the deeply concave dorsal sepal.

Bas.: haehpeen payee | Luer, seen 2: 384, 1978.

Ramicauls slender

to icles ely stout, suberect to horizontal, 15-18 cm ne with a close, tubular sheath on the lower third

and another 1-2 sheaths at the base. Leaf suberect to spreading, thickly coriaceous, oblong-ovate, ob-

tuse, shortly acuminate, 12-18 cm long, 5-6 cm wide, the base sessile, deeply cordate. Inflorescence a

fascicle of successive, single flowers, subtended by a spathe 15 mm long; peduncles 2-4 mm long,

concealed | within n the spathe; floral practs thin, tubular, 5S mm Pie pedicels 10 mm long; ovary 6 mm

t carinate, th , Subacute, deeply concave, 24 mm long,

Sn mm wide unexpanded, 9- to 11-veined, the lateral calc comune into a narrowly ovate, narrowly

lamina with the sides revolute, micro scopically ciliate-pubescent, 21 mm long, 8 mm wide

expanded, 4-veined; petals decurved, falcate-oblong, subacute, smooth, TS 12 mm dei 3.5 mm

wide, 1-veined; lip subovate, 6.5 mm long, 5 mm wide above the middle, smooth, entire, the sides

ley above the middle, the apex meronty obtuse with the end of the nidveda beneath markedly

ine ‘the bulbous mate column st

anther, rostellum and stigma api

out, 2mm long, 3mm m wide, the foot thick, bulbous, the

ECUADOR: Pichincha: near Chiriboga, between Quito and Santo Domin ll

go, collected by Joe Brenner

128, cultivated at Puyo, 4 Aug. 1977, C. Luer 1815 (Holotype: SEL).

This species is apparently rare in northwestern Ecuador where it has been col-

lected but once. It is most similar to

Piet and lip. The lip is about half as large with the sides decurved above the

— crateriformis (C.Schweinf.) Luer, comb. nov.

a. Latin crateriformis, “formed like a crater,” referring to > einai lip.

eurothallis crateriformis C. Schweinf., Bot. Mus. Leafl. 15: 88, 1

ane dae: medium i in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. tataaas erect, slender, with a close,

os hort-pubescent sheaths at the base, 6-14 cm long.

horizon to spreading, thickly coriaceous, cordate-ovate, acute, 5-9 cm long, 2.5-4 cm wide, the base

aa : poe ae ic a fascicle of solitary, successive, resupinate flowers, from a reclin-

pathe ng, base of the le af; peduncles 2-3 mm long, confined within the spathe;

fleshy, seach my ne aapeceboe ¢m long; ovary thick, verrucose, 4 mm long; sepals purple-brown,

wide, 5-veined, the Areata sepals Sepal nivsied ovate, — es subacute, 8-9. 5 mm long, 5-7 mm

8 mm wide, 6-veined, ee ale, , 8.5-9.5 mm long, 5-

mm wide, I-veined, minutel cently p le ee ke obtuse, 6.5-7.5 mm long, 1-1

‘ , e

5-4 mm long, 3-3.5 mm wide, deep deen pilose within above the base hick, ovoid

stout, 1.5 W, rounded calli, broadly adherent to the column-foot;

BURETET nn long, 1.5 mm broad, the anther bilobed stigma apical, the foot obsolescent.

arma, A

JEPS; Isotypes: AMES, MO). Dulce, alt. 2000 m, 17 Mar. 1948, F. Woytkowski 35487 (Holotype:

Azuay: near Gima, chat ine Sinai, cultivated at Ecuagenera, 5 July 2002, A. Hirtz 8283 (MO).

: 6 Mar. ft C § Mar. 2001, C. Luer 1 9773 (MO), near Cuenca, cultivated

Loja, alt. 2750 m, 21 Mar. 1985, a pe: Cajanuma Range sou

This C. Luer, J. Luer A. Hinz & W. Flores 10739 (M 0).

Species occurs in the

is decane from the o berserk southern Ecuador and northern Peru. It

deeply cordate leaves and a fleshy, dark] of the section by the thickly coriaceous,

leaf. The sepals are vernucose j y colored, gaping flower that sits upon the

centrally with the within, <aates the thick, ovoid lip is deeply concave

Mic glandular.

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 121

Acronia crossota (Luer & Dalstrém) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: reek krossotos, “fringed,” referring to the petals and lip.

Bas.: Pleurothallis crossota Luer & Dalstrém, Lindleyana 11: 156, 1996.

t large, 0 une caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls Kena erect, 10-55 cm long, with a

i Lea

close, tubular sa w the middle and 2 other sheaths at the f spreading, coriaceous,

ovate, acute, acumin e615 om long, ¢ 4-8.5 cm wide, the base pie Mecoty cordate. Inflorescence a

eg ves , subtended by a spathe 7-8 mm long; peduncles 2-3 mm

led in th floral t bular, 5 : Is 5 mm long; ovary 3-4 mm

lon mm long; pedicels 5 ion

ee sepals glabrous, the dorsal eangs liptical, obtuse, 6-7 mm long, 4.25-4.75 mm wide, 5-veined, the

lateral sepals connate = a beings ovate, - obtuse synsepal, 5-6 mm long, 6 mm wide, 6-veined; petals

slightly decurved, ob e, 4.5-5 mm long, 1 mm wide, l-veined, with the margins long-ciliate-

fringed; lip ae prene , 3.5-3. 75 ie 3.25 mm wide, 5-veined, the margins ciliate, the

disc featureless with a small glenion at the base, the base flat between rounded basal angles, shortly

deflexed, hinged to the column-foot; column 1 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the foot thick, obsolescent, with

the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

ECUADOR: Imbabura: Los Cedros Reserve, wet forest, alt. 1700 m, 21 Jan. 1993, S. Dalstrém, T.

Héijer & H. Wanntorp 1720 (Holotype: MO), C Luer iste. 17836; Los Cedros Reserve, Garcia

Moreno, alt. 1850 m, 1 Mar. 1992, S. Dalstrém & T. Hoéijer 1599 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 16308; western

ridge of Los Cedros Reserve, alt. 1500 m, 23 Mar. 1996, 4 Dalstriém, S. Ingram & K. Ferrell-Ingram

2197 (MO). Pichincha: Palmitopamba north of Nanegal, alt. 1300 m, 23 Jan. 1974, G. Harling & L.

Andersson 11561 (GB); beyond Pululahua, below Niebli, alt. 1800 m, 15 Feb. 1978, C. Luer, J. Luer &

A. Hirtz 2592 (SEL); Mindo toward Puerto Quito, alt. 1600 m, C. Luer, A. Hirtz & S. Dalstrém 7321 (MO).

Although very similar to the large number of variations currently treated in

Acronia cordata with a large, cordate leaf, this species is distinguished by the

medium-sized flower with a five-veined, dorsal sepal; long-ciliate-fringed petals;

and a proportionately large, five-veined, ciliate, cordate-shaped lip. It is more than

half as long as the synsepal.

Acronia — a . Hirtz) Luer, ee: nov.

ty.: “‘cross-bearing,”’ referring to the appearance of the flower.

Bas.: Pleurothallis paras Luer & Hirtz, Aoeeee 11: 157, 1996.

Plant um in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 5-10 cm long,

with a close, tubular sheath below the middle and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf spreading, thinly

cordate. Inflorescence

long; pedicels 6-8 mm long; ovary 2.5 mm long; sepals glabrous, the dorsal sepal ovate, acute, 8-11.5

mm long, 2.5-3.5 mm wide, 3-veined, the ere sepals connate into an ovate, acute synsepal, 7-11 mm

long, 3.5-4 mm hs fe eined; petals widely expanded, narrowly triangular, acute, entire, 6-9 mm long,

1.5 mm wide, 1-veined; lip light tan to a green, triangular, acute, 2.75-4 mm long, 1.75-2 mm wide,

minutely Sencieutane. shallow ly rigectit peers verrucose, the base subtruncate with a peepee

large glenion, flattened on the end, hinged to the column-foot; column stout, terete, | mm long, 1.5 m

wide, the foot thick, obsolescent, with Re anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

ECUADOR: Pichincha: epiphytic in forest between Chiriboga and S

=P Sony m, 31 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, S. berainy e Hoijer i Kuijt & A. Hirtz 9837 Hales MO).

i o and Chi

eh la rnad

cal, alt. 1400 m, C. bed J. Luer, A. Hirtz, X.

rd J. del Hierro 1511] (MO); same area, alt. 1500 m, 15 Jan. 1992, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Jesup & A.

Jem 16025 (MO); above Maldonado, alt. 2450 m, 26 Feb 1992, S. Dalstrim vet al. 1577 (MO). Imba-

f Lita, alt. 1200 m, 11 Jan. 1992, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. & X. Hirtz, A. &

P. Jesup, M. Evans & J. del Hierro 15553 (MO).

Vegetatively, this species from northwestern Ecuador is similar to many others:

an ovate, acute, cordate, more or less horizontal leaf borne by a slender ramicaul.

The flowers are of average size for the section, widely expanded and are borne

above the base of the leaf. The three-veined dorsal sepal and synsepal are ovate,

acute, and about equal in size. The entire and narrowly triangular petals stretch

Straight out to either side giving a cross-like appearance to the flower. The lip is

triangular, acute, minutely verrucose, and with a comparatively large glenion.

122 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia culpameae Luer, nom. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin culpa mea, “my mistake,” referring to the second use of the name privigna.

Syn.:Pleurothallis privigna Luer & Hirtz, Rev. Soc. Bol. Bot. 3: 59, 2001, non Luer, Lindleyana 14:

118, 1999.

Ety.: a ~ wii privigna, “a pepsin. ¥ mners to A. cardiostola and its allies.

Plant , epiphytic, der. Ramicauls east erect, 6-12 cm _

porate ae dan ncc tes Leaf coriaceous, spreading, cordate-

x eam acuminate, 4.5-7 cm long, 2-3 cm wide, the base sessile, decay cordate with the

Me ca. | cm deep. rescence a fascicle of oe pete single, red-purple flowers, borne

reclinin ning spathe, 10 mm ae. 3 = wide; at the base of oa Scene the ernee es pedicels ead

ong; pedicels 5 long; ovary sub-

verrucose, 3mm ti sepals cellar glandular bp glabrous externally: the dorsal sepal broadly

pease Inder long, 4.5 mm wide, 5(7-)ve

m long, 3.25 mm wide, 4-veined; ous elliptical-ovate, acute, aindohcbnically dente

late, collar glenda § mm long, 2.25 mm wide, 3-veined; lip purple, glabrous, ovate, obtuse, 2.5 m

_ 2 mm wide, the disc with a well-defined depression in the center, the base truncate, hinged to ie

base of the column-foot; column stout, 1 mm long, 1.5 mm broad, the foot thick, obsolescent, with the

anther, rostellum and stigma Tr

ERTIATWwpD. Af.

4.1

alt. ca. 900 m,

pa Es ik A. Hire A Andreetta &S. ovett 4130 ney MO), C. eee ined 16241; pabnay

by ar. 2001, C. Luer 19571 (MO).

Epes species of akties Eceadori is related to Acronia cardiostola, but diff-

ers by a smaller habit; a flat, ovate-cordate leaf that is not decurved; a small, reclin-

ing spathe; and a smaller flower with large, ovate, acute petals; and a small, ovate

ly.

lip that is concave central

Acronia cutucuensis (Luer) | Luer, comb. nov.

Rirw - NT

a a aes Was collected.

Bas.: severe cutucuensis Luer, Selbyana 3: 284, 1977.

Plant in size, epiphytic, caes

Caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender erect, 10-22 cm long,

with

er fe hewn eas sheath below the middle and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf suberect to spreading,

cordate. sii fpestg ba acuminate, 6-9.5 cm long, 3.5-6 cm wide, the base shake deeply

luced

sci: 12-15 rr} long, at the base of pn baled ened pa ins yi top 7 the engin subtended bY a

wine red, cliptialovae, sub 10mm pean ovary 5-6 mm long; eens Galvan. the dorsal esi

witand wir acute, 13-14 mm ong, 7-8 mm wide, 5-veined, the lateral sepals white,

wide, Stein 6 petals nie , Subacute to obtuse synsepal, 12-14 mm long, 7-9 mm

anther, rostellum and stigma a

ECTIADOD. wz.

tue, d

Jan. pen patrwteny> me pea 1976, M. Madison ; ee ke hie alt. 1000 m, collecte

ugh

hom te Bid eerie respects to the Acronia bivalvis-complex, this species

dark purple ve acca del Cutucii in eastern Ecuador is distinguished by the

purple, smooth narrowl Sesal Sepal; a white Synsepal suffused with rose; dark

: ¥ acute petals; and an oblong, white lip suffused with rose.

Acronia cuzcoensis Luer, s

Ety.: Named for the departmen ie ~~ Cee Pleurothallisj Malis juninensis var. subaequisepala

Syn.: Pleurothallis juninensis 9 ee Rea

Ety.: From the is ten nt see Schweinf., Bot. Mus. Leafl nah 52, 1953.

Plant large, epiphytic, caespitose: “with unequal sepals,” referring to the flow

close, tubular sheath below the middle. io Ramicaul slender, erect, at least 23 cm long, with a

the dried state, the base sessile. Suberect, elliptical, acute, 9,5-10 cm long, 2.3-3 cm wide in

cuneate, very shallowly cordate. Inflorescence a single flower

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 123

yeaa from a reclining spathe ca. 1 cm long at the base of the leaf; peduncles ca. 1 mm long within

e; floral bracts thin, tubular, less than 10 mm long; pedicels ca. 10 mm long; fruit costate, 35

sa 8 mm wide; sepals glabrous, the dorsal sepal narrowly ovate, acute, 17 mm long, 5.5 mm

be 3-veined, the synsepal narrowly aaa acute, 16 mm long, 16 mm wide; sie linear-ovate,

acute, microscopically denticulate, 5.5 mm long, | mm wide; lip oblong, broadly obtuse apex, 6.25

mm long, A man wide, Fein cellular-papillose, the base truncate with a small ete prea to the

thick Column Ey VUistortea vy

PERU: Cuzco: Convencion, Hda. Potrero, Sapon-Sachayoce, alt 2200 m, 5 Mar. 1947, C. Vargas 2561

(Holotype: AMES), C. Luer illustr. 18953.

The holotype of this species, the only specimen known, is in an advanced stage

of fructation, which precludes an illustration of an intact flower. The floral parts are

as illustrated here. Vegetatively, the plant is large with the incomplete ramicaul of

the specimen 23 cm long, and bearing a large, broad, elliptical leaf that is cuneate at

the base and acute at the apex. The three-veined dorsal sepal and the synsepal are

nearly equal in size and shape: narrowly ovate, 16-17 mm long and 5.5-6 mm wide.

The petals are narrowly ovate, one millimeter wide. The lip is oblong, 6 mm wide.

The narrow sepals, about three times longer than wide, suggest an appearance

similar to those species related to Acronia microglossa, but the broad, elliptical leaf

that is cuneate at the base distinguishes it. The description provided by Schwein-

furth in Orchids of Peru (p. 314, 1959) was probably drawn from other specimens.

Acronia cyanea (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin cyaneus, “dark blue,” referring to the color of the leaves.

Bas.: Pleurothallis cyanea Luer & R.Escobar, Orquideologia 16: 157, 1984.

Syn.: Zosterophyllanthos cyanea (Luer & R.Escobar) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 118,

2001.

Plant large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls stout, erect, 15-20 cm 2g ag a loose,

tubular sheath below the middle and 2 age PN at the base. Leaf dark blue-green abo ffused

y coriaceous, ovate, acute, 18-20 cm nat 55-7. 5 cm

wide, the base sessile, re cordate. Aahaitich ence a fascicle of 3-7 pETyyyesy single flowers,

borne from a reclining spathe 1.5-2 cm long at the base of the leaf; peduncles 3-5 mm long, w within the

spathe; floral bracts thin, pret 5-10 mm oer pedicels 7-15 mm lon pa aks 6mm long, cellular-

verrucose; sepals rigidly fleshy-coriaceous, rugose and diffusely verrucose within, the dorsal sepal

yellow, purple externally, broadly a peed 15 mm long, 10 mm wide, 5-veined, the lateral

nate into a concave, broadly ovate, obtuse synsepal, 15 mm long, 13 mm wide; petals yellow,

base, one on either side of a glenion, the base broadly cordate with rounded basal lobes, 1

at: hinged to the thick column-foot; column stout, 1 mm long, 2 mm broad, the foot thick, 2 mm long,

the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

COLOMBIA: Anti without ent obtained from A. Mejia, cultivated at Colomborquideas, 20

Nov. 1981, C. Luer 6730 biickcerne! © EL).

This species is closely allied to Acronia calceolaris. The former is distin-

guished by large, deflexed, blue-green leaves as long as their ramicauls. A cluster

of fleshy-rigid flowers are produced from a reclining spathe at the base of the leaf.

The broadly ovate dorsal sepal is rugose-verrucose within, and the synsepal is

concave. The petals are verruculose and narrowly triangular from a broad base.

The lip is thick and transversely ovate.

Acronia deflexa (Luer) Luer, comb. no

ee From the Latin deflexus, “‘deflexed,” hbicing to the sides of the lip.

as.: Pleurothallis deflesa Laer, Selbyana 1: 178,197 75.

to rel iam i tic to terrestrial, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender

relatively stout, erect, 10-45 cm lon, 7 ; with a close, tubular s he | £

at the base. Leaf erect aha: coriaceous, ovate to narrowly ovate, acute, 7-14 cm long, 2

124 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

4.5 cm wide, the base sessile, cordate to deeply cordate. Inflorescence a fascicle of successive, single

flowers, subtended by a spathe 10-15 mm long; peduncles 2-4 mm long, concealed within the sheath;

floral bracts thin, tubular, 5-9 mm long; pedicels 5-8 mm long, ] aled within the spathe; ovary 4

5 mm long; flowers yellow, orange, red, purple or brown, variously suffused along the veins; sepa

i ically cili t, the sepal ovate to broadly ovate, acute to obtuse, 9-15 mm long,

4-7 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals connate into an ovat , acute to subacute lamina, 9-13 mm long,

6-7 mm wide, 4-veined: petals decurved, oblong-falcate, subacute, denticulate-fimbriate, more or less

minutely cellular-glandular, 6-8 mm long, 1-2 mm wide, 1-veined; lip erect, subovate, 4-5 mm long, 3-4

i he base, minutely verrucose to cellular-glandular, the margins denticulate, the sides

revolute above the middle, but not forming a tube, the obtuse apex curved up, the disc with a glenion

above the base, broadly and deeply concave on the end to accommodate the bulbous column-

column stout, 1.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, the foot thick, bulbous, minutely pubescent, the anther,

rostellum and stigma apical.

Ser aanusive collections:

ADOR: : between Quito and Santo Domingo, alt. 2000 m, 10 March 1975, C. Luer & R.

Kent 225 (Holotype: SEL); same i

(GB); southwest of Chiriboga, alt. 2200 m, 22 Mar. 1979, B. Lojtnant & U. Molau 11293 (AAU, GB).

Loja: west of Selva Alegre, alt. 3000 m, 19 Feb. 1993, G. Harling & B. Stahl 26565 (GB, MO). Boli-

var: above Balzapamba toward Guaranda, alt. 2000 m, 26 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, A. Hirtz et al. 9730 (MO).

Chimborazo: below Pallatanga, alt. 2250 m, 19 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 10658 (MO).

Azuay: Cruz Pamba, southwest of Cuenca, alt. 10,000 ft., 29 June 1945, W.H. Camp E-3929 (AMES,

NY); Km 67 south of Cuenca, in xerophytic scrub, alt. 3250 m, 4 May 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S. Jeppe-

sen, B. Lojtnant & B. Oligaard 4932, 4983 (AAU, S); El Chorro, above Molleturo, alt. 2900 m, 7 Mar.

{ onthe 860 (GB

—— IA: Antioquia: Jardin, La Cifuentes, alt. 2350 m, collected by M. Zapata, cultivated at

ca mometdens, 29 Dec. 1992, R. Escobar 5132 (MO). Santander: Virolin, El Teladro, alt. 2200 m,

~~ lected <a ge 1992, flowered at Colomborquideas, 2 Jan. 1993, R. Escobar 5158 (MO), C.

* Without collection data, May 1967, G.C.K. Dunsterville 74

Acronia deflexa is widely distributed and locally common in the Andes of

. olombia. It is related to sympatric A. grandiflora, but the flowers of

reba eaten a smaller: about half the dimensions, or the flower is about four

less paralle] to hie ee ae of A. deflexa is three-veined; the petals lie more or

curves up en 4 Sed of the lip are deflexed above the middle as the

“— gd (Luer & Hirtz) Luer, comb ;

= From phrase “deja vu,” an illusion Suggesting something being seen for the first time as

oe having been seen in the past.

: SEs wane Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 3: 140, 1988.

pee mg “ ee Caespitose; roots slender, densely fasciculate. Ramicauls slender,

ler ete m 7 ‘OSE,

Ovate, 3.5-5.5 om long, 2-3.5 cm wide. —

Pre the lobes up to 1 cm

uberect spathe 9-11 mm lone;

long; pedicel 7-8 mm long: ovaey 3 orn PASE

of the leaf; peduncles 7-9 mm long; floral bract 3 mm

Sepals and petals purple, the dorsal sepal ro

mm wide unexpanded, 3-veined, unicarinate, the lateral

rowly tru with the compos ee” | mm long, 5.5 mm wide, 4-veined, the apex concave and na

° connate Pals, bicarinate; petals subfalcate-subsigmoid,

ar, acute, 2.5 mm

Y hinges scute> the dise with an elevated callus with the gienion, the base

the anther and firmly hinged to the base of the column: column terete, 2 mm long, 1 mm wide,

“ Hirt, CH. Dodson, D. Benzing 4 1 ores West Of Lita, alt. 750 m, 18 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer

Dodson, Benzing & D. Bermudes 12363 (Holotype: MO).

The flo is

ree Wers Of this single-flowered Species of Acronia sect. Macrophyllae-

ree owleei) thet seeieas Very Similar to those of some racemose species (i.e.

ging their union ; at time Weated in Pleurothallis subsection Acroniae,

into One genus (Luer, 1988),

OS ee ea

“i

a aD er aa

SETS SpE Sap Ae NN fee et meth

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 125

Acronia depressa oe oh R. eatvrrtc need comb. nov

Ety.: From the Latin depri ‘pressed do at,”” referring to ‘the flower pressed upon the leaf.

Bas.: ——— paints ‘Luer & R Fiber: Orauideologt 20: 50, 1996.

ip Ramicauls slender, erect, 8-14 cm long,

with a slender, tubular sheath below the middle and 2-3 others at the base. Leaf spreading, coriaceous,

rere’ cordate, pees shortly mice te 6-7. 5 cm long including the basal lobes 1-1.5 cm deep, 3. S-

wide, base sessile.

7- Br mm long at the t tase of the leaf, with the flower widely sae appressed against the surface of the

leaf; floral bract thin, 5 mm long; pedicel 5 mm =: ary 2 mm long; sepals translucent pale yellow,

glabrous, the dorsal sepal flat, ovate, acute, 13 m ‘ou, re 5 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals con-

nate = * hil ere acute synsepal, 11 mm tae. 7.5 mm wide, 6-veined; petals yellow, narrowly

ovate-subfalca e, 7.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, |-veined; vi yellow, ovate, obtuse, thick, 3 mm lon

2mm vias the es ebay short-pubescent, with a small glenion, the base shortly deflexed, connect ted

to the Een nd ‘ecped eet column stout, semiterete, F: 5 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, the foot thick,

obsolescent, the a

COLOMBIA: Chocé: Carmen de Atrato, alt. ca. 1800 m, collected by E. Valencia, May 1983, cultivated

at Colomborqufdeas, 23 May 1995, C. Luer 17569 (Holotype: MO).

Vegetatively, this species is similar to many of the species of this section with

spreading, broadly cordate, shortly acuminate leaves. Most distinctive is the soli-

tary, flat flower that is borne flat against the surface of the leaf. The sepals are

translucent pale yellow, and the proportionately small, ovate lip is short-pubescent.

ct aaied dewildei (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, comb. n

ee in honor of Ahrend DeWilde of Pereira, theky who collected and cultivated this

peer

Bas.: Pleurothallis dewildei Luer & R.Escobar, Orquideologia 21: 86, 1998.

Plant large, epiphytic, caespitose; . Ramicauls stout, erect, 10-23 cm long, with a close,

tubular sheath below the middle and 2 ane eal at the base. Leaf hori Re being ee narrowly

ovate. eRe y acute, 10-15 cm long, 3-4.5 cm wide, the base sessile, see date lobes 1 cm deep.

is nflor nce a fascicle of successive, single flowers, from a spathe ca. 12 mm fea peduncles ca. 5

m long, “concealed within the sheath; floral bracts tubular, ca. 5 =a 1 long; pedicels ¢ 3 diéa me oe

subacute, 20n mm n long: 11 mm wide, 7-veined, the lateral 1

17 mm long, 12 mm wide, 10-veined; petals obliquely trian igular-ovate, acute, Seats 11.5 mm 1 long, 4

subtruncate with a small glenion, with a short, deflexed claw, hinged to the column-foot;

pry 5 mm wide, the foot thick, obsolescent, with the anther, rostellum and stigma epaotes

COLO A: Risarald d to TV tower south of Pueblo Rico, collect-

ed neg 73 by A. DeWilde, cultivated in Pereira, 15 gre 1993, C. Luer 16854 (Holotype: MO).

Vegetatively, bet species appears similar to many other large species of this

section. It is characterized by more or less horizontal, acuminate leaves. It is relat-

ed to Acronia sbeHTEeS and A. titan, but the lip saccate above the middle with

involute margins immediately distinguishes it.

Acronia diabolica (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin diabolicus, “like a devil,” in allusion to the dark red flower with a horned lip.

Bas.: Pleurothallis diabolica Luer & R.Escobar, Orquideologia 14: 142, 1981.

= Pleurothallis exserta Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 3: 143, 1988

Ety.: From the Latin cones “exserted, protruding beyond surrounding organs,”’ referring to the

flower exserted Aare

Syn.: phy ag a a uer & R.Escobar) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 118,

2001.

Plant ender. Ramicauls slender, erect, w

close, tubular sheath above the base, yet 3 sheaths at the base, 15-40 cm long. Leaf deflexed, “igid,

126 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

coriaceous, narrowly ovate, 8-13 cm long, 1.2-2.5 cm wide, more or less curved upward above the

middle, acute, the base sessile, deeply cordate, sometimes conduplicate with the rounded basal

lobes erect and touching. Inflorescence a fascicle of solitary, successive flowers borne from an erect,

conduplicate spathe 10-20 mm long, 7-9 mm broad, at the base of the leaf: peduncles slender, 10-12 mm

long, confined within tt he; floral t 6 l dicel m : m long;

2 a

; 23 Pp ; ovary 8-10 m

f p purple-brown with darker veins, the dorsal sepal broadly ovate, obtuse,

more or less convex, 5-8.5 mm long, 5-6.5 mm wide, 5-veined, the lateral sepals connate into a broadly

ovate to obovate, obtuse, more or less convex, minutely bifid synsepal, 5-8 mm long, 5-6.5 mm wide,

ined, petal l lute ab he middle, elliptical-obovate, acute, 4-6 mm long, 2-2.5 mm

wide, |-veined, minutely pub i the apex, the margins minutely ciliate-denticulate; lip dark

red-purple or purple-brown, ovate-triangular, broadly obtuse, cellular-glandular, 3-4.5 mm long, 3-4 mm

wide across the base, the basal lobes acute, erect, incurved, to either side of the column, the disc lightly

cleft toward the apex, and with a narrow, lightly channeled callus or glenion above the base, the base

cate, ad be 0 the end, firmly hinged to the column-foot; column dark purple, stout, 0.5 mm

= is

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: epiphytic in cloud forest near Frontino, Nov. 1975, collected by J. Kuhn and

R. Escobar, cultivated at J & L Orchids, Easton, CT., 11 Nov. 1977, C. Luer 2/6] (Holotype: SEL);

Urrao, Naturel las Orquideas, alt. 1500 m, D. Cardenas & E. Alvarez 3245 (JAUM, MO).

ECU: R: Esmeraldas: epiphytic in wet forest west of Lita, alt. 750 m, 18 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer,

A. Hirtz, C.H. Dods

D. in, :

BOLE lr 8, a ha ce aS

This species occurs from the Western Cordillera of Colombia into northwestern

Ecuador. Vegetatively it is similar to Acronia cardiostola and relatives with the

acutely deflexed, narrowly and deeply cordate leaves. The rounded basal lobes are

Sometimes inflexed, meeting above the conspicuous, erect, sleeve-like spathe. The

flower is smaller than the average A. cardiostola, and it is exserted well beyond the

ee: of the spathe bya Proportionately longer peduncle, pedicel and ovary. The lip

most distinctive with the basal angles acute and erect like a pair of horns.

Acronia diazii Luer & Sp. nov.

Ety.: Named for C. Diaz, co-collector of this species.

Lis Species haec Acronia lilijae Foldats affinis, sed sepalo dorsali orbiculari, petalis angustioribus,

. 2 arg pap angulis subacutis, ad centrum zona magna definita

Plant large, epiphyti wag: ;

close, tubular sheath near then es roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 12-30 cm long, with a

; 56 a reclining spathe 8-10 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, pedun-

Contained within the peed tan 25 phe bei tubular, 6-8 mm long; pedicels 6-8 mm long, aK

3 ~? mm long; flowe llow- ; Sepals ded, the dorsa

1 mm lon; ’ 10 mm wide. Pw hee em a oe bens im ren ee a a ire reales

cae th

obtuse, minutel i epal > P o Aebinetc

acuminate Gaba het a a long, 5 mm wide, 4(6-)veined; petals obliquely obovate,

triangular, obtuse, 3.5 m da wide, 1-veined, microscopically denticulate; lip thick, ovate-

s i . .

: . . o~ Concave, hinged to the column-foot- 2 mm

foot thick, with the anther, rostellum and esc cea column stout, terete, | mm long,

PERU: Cajamarca: Jaén

: » Salli Localidad d.

Diaz, J. Campos & E. ‘ineo ween ao La Cocha, alt. 2960-3050 m, 20 June 1998, C-

3 cular, narrower petals, and a triangu-

lose with coalescing papill The margins of the lip are minutely papil-

-defined elliptical fab pala the apex. The center of the lip is occupied by a

| 's probably analagous to a large glenion.

EE ee ee a

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 127

—— dibolia (Luer) Luer, maine nov.

Ety.: Fi rom the wear dibolia, “‘a double-edged gone stir to the habit.

thallis dibolia es: ehide 1: 238, I

Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 6-34 cm long,

with a close, tubular sheath below the middle and 2-3 other sheaths at the base. Leaf erect, coriaceous,

narrowly ovate, acute, with the sides more or less revolute, 7-13 cm long, 1.5-3.5 cm wide, the base

sessile, awa: cordate. rescence a fascicle of successive, single flowers, su a spathe

5-7 mm long; peduncles 1-2 mm long, concealed within i rag th; flo i bracts thin, tubular, 2-3 mm

long; pedicel s 3-4 mm long; ovary 3-4 mm Jabrot , acute,

5-4

long, 2-2.5 mm wide, etcew’ the lateral sepals connate into an ovate, acute lamina, 3-3.5

mm he 3 mm wide, 4-veined; petals yellow, narrowly ovate, acute, obscurely serrulate, 1.75 mm long,

0. 5 mm wear a Bes se n, p bromity ovate-cordate, obtuse 1.5 mm long, I. 25 mm wide, the ax

Stn tha exalts 1 fanart - column stot it t, | mm long, 1 mm wide, the foot thick, bulbous,

mae? pubescent, the anther, ti

ECUADOR: Pichincha: - epiphytic i in sea — east of Santo Domingo, alt. 800 m, 28 Feb. 1975, C.

Luer & R. Kent 269 ( ); alt. 625 m, 6 Feb.

1963, C. Dodson & L. Thien 2240 (SEL); same area, 15 June 1967, C. Dodson, N. Williams & Adams

3709 (SEL); Palmitopamba, west of Nanegal, alt. 1300 m, 23 Jan. 1974, G. ea & L. Andersson

I 1531 (AMES, GB); Ric C) Baba by Santo Liss 6 alt. 500 m, 2 July 1971, B. MacBryde 527 (AMES),

be o, alt. 550 m, 10 June 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S. arate B. Lojtnant

& B ‘Oliigaard 7036 cane! Centenela, ade de Il a, alt. 550-650 cs 10 July 1 ote

Molau 15853 (AAU, GB). Cotopaxi: in citrus grove Actaiced Quevedo and Latac unga, alt. 700 m, 5

Apr. 1973, L. hi orkid, S. Jeppesen, B. Lojtnant & B. Ollgaard pal 2958, 2949 (AAU, AMES),

guava trees east of Quevedo, alt. 500 m, 5 Mar. 1975, C. Luer & R. Kent 339 (SEL)

mele in cultivated citrus, coffee and guava trees, this species occurs on the

western slopes of the Andes of central Ecuador at a moderately low altitude. It is

distinguished by the tall, slender ramicauls and erect, narrowly ovate, cordate

leaves. The dorsal sepal, synsepal and petals are yellow, acute and glabrous. The

lip is broadly cordate with a pair of basal calli flanking the glenion.

Acronia hegre eahgead Luer, comb. no

Ety.: F a dilemma,” in 5 ikanion to the ‘‘two-homed” leaf.

Bas.: caigha ates panes Luer, Rev. Soc. Bol. Bot. 3: 45, 2001.

Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect. with a close,

lar sheath half, and 2 sheaths at the base, 5-15 cm long. perpe eee thickly rigid,

semiterete, narrowly ovate to 5 sear hleeg densely short-pubescent, 5-11 cm long, 1-1. 2 cm wide,

broadly and conned channeled to near the apex, the apex acute, the base sessile, deeply foros: Oe

basal lobes semitere' a SPE erect, pointing ppward.

borne from a reclining spathe | cm long,

spathe; floral bract ca. 7 mm long; pedicel 7-8 mm long, also pao within the spathe; ovary 4-5 mm

long; sepals and petals dark red, diffusely short-pubescent, the dorsal sepal suborbicular, i

12 mm long, 12 mm wide, 7-veined, the lateral sepals ated into a broadly ovate, obtuse, minut oY

bifid synsepal, 11 mm long, 10.5 mm wide, 10-veined; petals ¢ elliptical-obovate, acute, ciliate,

cent, 8 mm long, 3 mm wide, 3-veined; lip dark red-purple, ovate-cordate, broadly obmse, densely pi

lose, 6 mm long, 5.5 mm wide, the basal lobes obtuse, to either side of the column, the disc concave

centrally with a a the base shallowly cordate, flattened on the end, — to the column-foot,

column stout, | 4

m long, 2.5 mm broad, the an ther and bilobed sti on

ECUADOR: cannes reap <a Cordillera del Condor, Nambija, alt. 1800-2000 m, gerne by J.

Portilla, cultivated at Gualaceo, Apr. 2000, J. Portilla 254 (Holotype: +A): C. Luer illustr. 194

Although the flower is not remarkably distinct from the average flowers of re

section Acronia, it is unique vegetatively among all the pleurothallids . In comm

with other species of this section, juvenile plants bear narrowly eiicia tae

leaves with narrowly cuneate bases continuous with slender, suberect ramicauls.

Mature leaves are acutely deflexed from the erect ramic

minnuutely pubescent leaves are remarkably thick and rigid, narrowly sigmoid in

shape. The narrowly conical basal lobes stand together and erect, like a pair 0

horns, above the flower that reclines upon the leaf

128 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia discoidea (Lindl. egal eee nov.

rte From the Latin discoide d,”” probably referring to the “sanguine spot” on the lip.

neehiaeeart ee idea Lind, Edwards's Bot Reg. 21: sub t. 1797, 1835.

Syn.: Humboldti. lea (Lindl.) , Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 667, 1891.

Syn.: Pleurothallis morrisii Pave. & Rendle, J. Bot. 67: 3, 1909.

an Named in honor of Sir Daniel Morris, director of the Public Gardens i Jamaica, who collected

this species.

Syn.: Pleurothallis leptopetala Cogn. ex Urban, Symbol. Antill. 6: 693, 1910.

Ety.: From the Greek leptopetalon, “a thin petal,” referring to the petal

Syn.: Pleurothallis scleropus Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 28: 53, 1929.

Ety.: From the Greek scle eropus, “hard footed,”’ referring to the rhizome and ramicaul.

Syn.: Pleurothallis juninensis var. angustifolia C.Schweinf., Bot. Mus. Leafl. + 52, 1951.

Ety.: From the eon baw ssend ‘with narrow leaves,” referring to the leave

Syn.: Pleurothallis mariae Bock, Die Orchidee 36: 126, 1985.

Ety.: Named in honor of Sra. Maria Cohrs, who cultivated this species in Colombia.

=a Plewurothaltis tre ogc Luer, Orquideologia 20: 229, 1996.

Vit.

medium in size, ayrnten Ea roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 3-12

cm bat rarely to 19 cm, with a close, tubular she. ath on the lower half and 2 other sheaths at the base.

<tvge mke elli on pact to bev kip elliptical-oblong or fusiform, acute, 3-12 cm long,

O57. Sem wide, the sessile. Inflorescence a single, occasionally 2-3 simul-

taneous, successive rer rade | 2p a Gtk 3-5 mm long, at the base of the leaf; peduncles 2-4

mm long within the spathe; floral bract tubular. 3-5 mm long; pedicel vg 1 long; ovary 2-3 mm long;

sepals yellow-green to suffused with red, glabrous, the dorsal sepal o btuse, 5-8 mm

long, 2-3 mm wide, 3-vei ined, the lat evens to obtuse : synsepal, 5-7

mm long, 2.5-3.75 mm wide, 4-veined; petals yellow- -green, yello car to purple, narrowly linear-trian-

cbleng ob owly oblong, acute, 3-4 mm long, 0.5-1 mm wide, icine! lip yellow-green to orange,

3 €, sometimes with minute ely irre irregular nay 2.75-3.5 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, the disc

of low, intramural calli, with a large glenion

filling ke of the basal half, the base ce concave on the end, hinged to the column-foot;

miterete, 1-2 mm m long, 1

apical.

lao and stignsa -2 mm wide, the foot obsolescent, with the anther, often red, rostel-

Representative collections:

TRINIDAD: without collection data Leer

AMES, NY

‘et ipo, 10 Jan. 1922, WE. B Road,

5 Feb. 1926, WE. Broahsn ene . W.E. Broadway 9882 (AMES, K); Las Lapas

(K); St Hone: 2) 3930 (MO); Mome on alt. 1,500 ft., 31 Oct. 1937, N. ¥. Sandwith 1940

TOBA AGO: hr 130 m, 22 July 1976, Barna ‘ones & Crane 214 (K).

George, Catara Trac, alt 4S0'm in 21 Apr. or. W.E. Broadway 4661 (AMES, BM): Mount St.

JAMAICA: wi 50m, on 959, RS. Cavan Hoe (AMES)

Lempina, i: BM, isotype: 1).

(MO), c. tar mea Thomas camps sities Nelicant Park, 11 Nov. 1991, 7. Hawkins 58

NEZUELA:

tagra > Parqué Naci ‘

€

(AMES, VEN). crea se Orica, alt. 520 m, 23 Nov. 1961, 7A. Suet 90002

. ae a, Cerro Patao, 19 July 1962, /.A. Jenvewt 91151 (AMES,

sibdiaienet wine de Dolla Anita wot cultivated 4 May 1986, C. Luer 12/63 (MO).

. Rio Cangrej m, 7 Apr. 1945 5, JA. Jatadios 61932 ( ).

"3 8reje, northeast of Bergantin, alt 500 m, 24 Feb. 1945, JA. Steyermark 61176

AME: Tafel

oo 15 July braged a tide Gsincee “pnt tet (AMES, K, NY); Wilhelmina Mts

AZIL: Amazonia: Ti i C. Luer illustr. 68

err, faim

Prance, J. main egg LF. Ramos & pay hea hos da Lua, alt. 1200. m, 24 Jan. 1969, “ hs

Riviere 4 (AMES, HB, INPA, K. NY, S, US). Am

12429 (aS, cay, te ¢. toi mas 450 J-J. De Granville, P. Acevedo, A. Boyer ac separa

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 129

COLOMBIA: Chocé: Quibdé, alt. 300 m, collected by A. phoney pers near Pereira, 10 May

1993, C. Luer 16737 (MO); Vigia mt Fuerte, alt. 50 m, Aug. 1979, K.-H. & I. Bock, s.n tating of P.

mariae: Herb. BOCK). Antioquia: Dabeiba, Alto de peng alt. 11001 m, soe her by A. Al culti-

vated at Colomborquideas, 9 Apr. 1988, C. Luer 13093 (MO). Intendencia de la Coe Ontied

Research ee ee n, Serrania de Macuira, Cerro Huararech, alt. 650 m, 5 Aug. 1975, A. Sugden 34

(holotype of A. sugdenii: K), C. Luer illustr. 17286.

ECUADOR: Tungurahua: along Rio Topo, alt. 1680 m, 27 Feb. 2001, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz

19539 (MO). Morona-Santiago: Misién Bomboiza, alt. ca. 800 m, 23 Apr. 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S.

Jeppesen, B. Lgjtnant & B. Oligaard 4196 (AAU), Valle ie Calagras, alt. 1500 m, 17 May 1988, C.

Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Tower & W. Teague 13415 (MO, QCNE),; Cordillera del Condor, east of

Guisme, alt. 1500 m, 18 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. asia d z A. Embree 11917 (MO).

-Chinchipe: ‘along cos Jamboe, alt. 1250 m, 22 Jan. 1992, C. Lu Luer, A. & P. Jesup & A.

Hirtz 16116 (MO); above Valladolid, alt. 2000 m, 18 Mar. 1984, C. Fn ~ “ Dalstrim, T. Héijer & J.

Kuijt 9607 (MO

PERU: Hudnuco: Yanano, alt. ca. 1800 m, 13-16 May 1923, 4a F. Macbride ge (holotype of P. juni-

nensis var. angustifolia: F; pats AMES); Oxapampa, alt. 1800 m, 31 Jan. 1979, C. Luer & J. Luer

3828 eee pee Prado, San Juan de Cochero, alt. raid m, 28 July 1992, collected by E. Jara, D

Bennett O).

BOLIVIA: oH Paz: Larecaja, Hda. Simaco, above trail to Tipuani, alt. eiatoe oa 1920, O. Buchtien

5041 nt da of P. cer eéuis destroyed at B; lectotype US; isolectotype: AMES); Murillo, Valley of

Rio Zongo, alt. 1400-1600 m, 22 Apr. 1982, J.C. Solomon 7501 (MO); above Tipuasi, Alto Llipi, col-

lected by A. yeaa et al., 30 Aug. 1991, C. Luer 15389B (MO). Cochabamba: Rio Evispas, flowered in

cultivation, C. ni 5636 (SEL). Santa Cruz: south of Yapacani, alt. 650 m, Sept. 1991, C. Luer, J.

Luer, L. Moreno & D. Ric 15405 (MO).

A ia discoid first described by Li y fromacollection from Trinidad, but

no other details are known. Only de sketch *s herbarium. On

the same sheet, a Cuban collection by Wright, presumably Acianthera odontotepala

Rchb.f., has been mounted. Acronia discoidea was described again from Trinidad

as P. leptopetala by Cogniaux three quarters of a century later. It is treated here as

a frequent species that is vegetatively and florally variable in its wide distribution at

relatively low altitudes from the Antilles and Central America, and through much of

South America. It is the only member of the genus Acronia known from the An-

tilles (Jamaica). The largest vegetative variations are found in coastal Venezuela

and the off-shore islands, as well as in Honduras.

The size and shape of the leaf vary from elliptical to narrowly elliptical-linear.

The leaves are frequently held horizontally, with the sessile base cuneate, not

rounded. The single flower is borne on the dorsum at the base of the leaf. The

color is often yellow-green, with an orange lip. The dorsal sepal and synsepal are

ovate; the petals are thin and entire; and the lip is oblong and obtuse, shallowly

channeled medially with a large glenion. The center of the lip was described as red

in the original collection, as it is often seen today.

Acronia dorotheae (Luer) Luer, comb. nov

eee beens eee Lankester, daughter of Charles Lankester, in wh llection this species

Has oseewt dorotheae Luer, Phytologia 46: 365, 1980.

Plant small, appear. caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, suberect or horizontal,

1.5-7 cm long, with a tubular on the lower half and another 1- s at the base. Leaf

or horizontal, ei thickly coriaceous, elipeicat, Suge: 2- 45 2 cm long, i 1.5 cm vewalen ve Pa

cuneate, sessile. ya

spathe 4-8 mm long; peduncles 3-4 mm long, ceeeaek oe the acai floral bracts jn pad a

mm long; pedicels 3-4 mm long; ovary 25-4 mm long; sepals purple, yellow or light gern. me or =

suffused or speckled with purple, fleshy, glabrous, ovate

tuse, 4-5.75 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals connate into a broadly ovoid, hes

concave synsepal, 4-5 mm long, 5-5.5 mm wide, 4-veined; petals purple or yellow, oblong, arepar

lowly concave, acute, 2.5-3 mm long, | mm wide, 1-veined, with the vein thickened ex ly

at the apex; lip purple or yellow, thick, ovate-cordate, obtuse shortly acuminate, 2.5-2.75 mm long, as

mm wide, with the basal angles erect, acute, flanking the column, the disc with a pair of small basal

130 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

calli at the base, with a suborbicul ity above the base between calli d Jing from the basal pair,

he b te, hi ; column stout, 1 mm long, 1.5 mm wide,

he fe bsol the anther. rostell d tra ti

COSTA RICA: Without collection data, cultivated by Dorothy Lankester in San José, Costa Rica, 28

Feb. 1980, C. Luer 5204 (Holotype: SEL). Puntarenas: near the Monteverde Reserve, alt. 1400 m, 24

June 1981, C. Luer & A. Luer 641] (SEL); same area, alt. 1500 m, 22 Mar. 1995. C. Luer. J. Luer, A.

& G. Barbosa 17456, 17457, 17475 (MO).

This species is frequent in the region surrounding the Monteverde Reserve

where the flowers occur in colors from yellow to purple. Dense clusters of slender

ramicauls bear the thick, rigid, elliptical, sessile leaves more or less horizontally

with the non-resupinate flower borne on top. The concave synsepal is uppermost

with the narrow, longitudinally concave, subcarinate petals curved to both sides of

the lip. The lip is thickly cordate-ovate, shortly acuminate, with erect, triangular

basal lobes that flank the base of the lip. The callus has a pair of nodules along the

basal margin under the column, and with a cavity between downward extensions of

the calli.

Acronia dorothaea is most closely allied to A. excavata which is distinguished

by the sepals papillose within, and a long-apiculate lip that is broadly and deeply

concave with a pair of retrorse, hornlike basal lobules.

Acronia dracuncula Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.

Ety.: bes the Latin dracunculus, “a little dragon,” referring to the gaping mouth with a hairy tongue.

Species haec A. cordatae (Ruiz & Pay.) Luer affinis. sed habitu florit :

TUCOSO. netalic ahi.

ovario subver-

a ~ 4

sliat = : A: fF,

Plant large, epiphytic, teeiees roots slender. Rami 3

with a tubular sheath on the lowe €r. Ramicauls stout, erect, to more than 35 cm long,

ovate, obtuse, acuminate, 16-18 cm long, 10-11 cm wide, the base sessile, deeply cordate.

eatno sepal elliptical, subacute to obtuse, 12 mm long, 7 mm wide, 3-veined, the

: ovate, nsepal, 11 mm long, 10 mm wide, 6-veined;

oblong, subacute, flanking the lip, pube. thes : 8, n » 6-veined; pet

obovate, és ie tonne 9.25 eae a ane sono ciliate, 70 mr long, 1.5 mm wide, 1 rowtaecbipnk

marg) ' shh * . © 7 Vunded 2

famed oe a penis a4 Ye Pubescent, the base broadly truncate, with an obscure glenion,

thick, obsolescent, with the anther, rostellum 99 oreore wee aoa 2 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the foot

Olleype Six) * west of El Coraz6n, alt. 1200 m, 18 Feb. 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 4009

This gigantic

ah eee by the considerably larger leaves, and considerably

sepals are dark purpl i

pubescent.

a: et (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

oo Piet Dubbeldam of I jansdam, Holl. ee ee :

Bas.: Pleurothallis dubbeldamii ner Gonna Holland, who cultivates this species.

Plant small, epiphytic Sais cree ‘

close, tubular st : + Ca€spitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender erect

cm long ob ‘ddle and another at the base. tie net cue

Tong: oa a im ong within the 1 cm Tong, reclirescenee @ single, successive, light yellow flower;

6.25 mm long, 3.25 mm ide, 3. eined = Sate spel lliptical-ovate, subacute, concave centeally.,

obtuse synsepal, 5.5 Chon kc: ibe i py tee: Sepals completely connate into an ovate, concave,

wide, 4-veined; petals curved, oblong, acute, 5 mm long, 1.25 mm

10-11 cm long, with a

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 131

wide, with the margins revolute; lip thin, ovate, subacute, 3.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, the disc featureless

except ein a aa at the base, the base Wit Kase concave, hinged to the base of the column-foot;

column dorsally compressed, semiterete, 1 mm long, 1.25 mm wide, the anther and bilobed stigma

apical.

WITHOUT COLLECTION DATA: cultivated in Heerjansdam, Holland, 2 Aug. 1998, by 2 Dubbeldam

95257 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 18903.

This little species was purchased without collection data by Piet Dubbeldam and

cultivated by him in the Netherlands. It is superficially similar to the ubiquitous

Acronia phyllocardioides, but is distinguished from the numerous variations by a

narrowly larger spathe and a larger flower. The sepals are concave centrally above

a convex portion at the base. The petals are larger and broader, curved slightly, and

with revolute margins. The lip is thin and flat.

Acronia ensata (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin ensatus, ‘“‘sword-like,” referring to the leaves.

Bas.; Pleurothallis ensata Luer, Selbyana 1: 240, 1975

see. ee ensatus wep Szlach. & & Mag, Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 118, 2001.

lit ts slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 3-22

cm long, with a close, jeidlacek eae dane the middle and 2-3 other sheaths at the base. Leaf erect,

coriaceous, narrowly e! tava acute, 5-11 cm pe ae -1.5 cm wide, the base sessil le, cuneate. Inflor-

long, tubular. 8 8 mm long; ovary 3-

4mm lon s:aepas a oe bene peta the dorsal sepal elpca-vae narrowly obtuse, wena mm

long, 2.5- 3 5 mm wide, 3-v: maps 6-8 mm long,

4.5-5 mm wide, 4-veined; sale red-brown, thick, triangular, acute, 2-2. 5 mm an 0.5-1 mm wide, 1-

veined; lip yellow-green, thick, elliptical-ovate, rounded at the apex x, 2.5-3 mm long, 2 mm mm wide, the disc

rat convex, phe an indistinct glenion and a pw of | low calli te, shal

lowly conc he end to ; col st, am ong, ie

foot thick, paihons minutely pubescent, the anther,

nN Ses 4

R: Pichincha: epiphytic east of Santo Domingo, alt. 1000 m, ° 3: 1975, C. Luer, G. Luer &

: ireieha 579 (Holotype: SEL); epiphytic in coffee trees, east of Santo Domingo, alt. 800 m, 28 Feb.

1975, C. Luer & R. Kent 268 (SEL); Tandapi, alt. 1500 m, Spring OG. ‘i Hirtz 828 (SEL); without

locality, W. Jameson 99 (W)

Frequent in cultivated citrus, coffee and guava trees on the western slopes of the

Andes of central Ecuador at a moderately low altitude, this species is distinguished

by the tall, slender ramicauls and erect, narrowly elliptical leaves that are narrowly

cuneate at the base. The dorsal sepal and synsepal are obtuse, and the petals are

thickly triangular. The lip is oblong with the apex rounded.

Acronia epiglottis (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: F the Latin enielottis. i llusi th

ee ae f£ the lahellum

Bas.: Pleurothallis epigiottis Luer, Phytologia 46: 365, 1980.

meal oreh ghana een epiglottis (Luer) Szlach. r Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 119, 2001.

epiphytic der. Ramicauls slender, ascending to erect, 7-

15 cm ae with a close. tubular ht - iddle and 2-3 other sheaths at the base. Leaf erect,

Suberect to spreading, coriaceous, oblong-ovate, acute, gse%: acuminate, 10 cm long, 1.5-4 cm wide,

ile, cordate. Inflorescence a sing gap gare dy eryed

1.5 mm long; pedunc say ese mm long, Il ‘within floral bract thin, tubular, 5-1 vk

long; pedicel 8-14 mm long; ovary 5 mm | Is yel apt the fens sepal ovate, subacut

6-8 mm long, 5-5.5 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral oy connate into an ovate, subacute to obtuse

synsepal, 6-7 mm long, 5.5-6.5 mm wide, 4-veined; petals yellow, broadly elliptical,

acuminate, denticulate, 4. pa 5 mm long, 2.75-3 mm wide, |-veined; _ ¥

ick, broadly ovate-subtril mm long, 3 mm wide, the apt al margins thi 288: ed aaa

— transverse ane shortly apiculate, the — erect, broadly kent re ve aveaye — faere

the foot | mm long, the anther, rostellum and

ae column stout, | 5mm long, 2 mm wide,

stigma apical.

132 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

ECUADOR: : forest above Mindo, alt. ca. 2000 m, 11 Nov. 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirt

4739 (Holotype: SEL); below Mindo, alt. 1600 m, 13 Mar. 1982, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 7325 (SEL).

Apparently endemic in one locality in northwestern Ecuador, this species,

vegetatively similar to many other species in the section, is distinguished from all

others by the broad, denticulate petals and a distinctive lip with erect, rounded sides,

a transverse, apiculate apex, and a thick, erect callus at the base that resembles an

epiglottis.

Acronia erythrium (Luer) Luer, comb. nov

Ety.: From the Greek erythrium, “a little red one,” refering to the flowers.

Bas.: Pleurothallis apes — swreduet 386, ~

pei * cm long,

1, of Bent b oe | ee |

ssed, thin, tubular sheath, and 2-3 other ‘dcate > ase.

Leaf horizontal, coriaceous, ovate, acu, 25-5 5-5 cm long, 1 “2.75, cm 1 wide, un a4 nails pa

afi single, red-p P ended by a reclining

spathe 5-10 mm long; peduncles I ithi the: floral t cso n 2-4 mm long;

pedicels 3-7 mm long; ovary rb mn m long: sepals glabrous, the dorsal sepal pehepen, subacute, 5-

= mm long, 2-3 mm wide, 3-veined. ovate, eon synsepal, 4.5-6

long, 3.5-4.5 mm wide, 4-veined; petals narrowly linear-oblong or narrow ly linear triangular, acute,

microscopically erose, 4-5 si long, 0.5-0.75 mm wide, 1-veined; lip oblong- sat round at the apex,

2.5-3.5 mm song. 2. 2-2. 5 mm , the base subtruncate with a glenion, shortly deflexed and concave on

the end, hinged to the Colusan-foor, column stout, 1 mm long, 1 mm wide, the foot obsolescent, the

anther, rostellum apical

hc pieeriberey and Zamora, alt. 2000 m, 6 Mar. 1977, C. Luer, J. bee

400 m, ore 1961, C.H. Dodson & L.B. Th

1100 m, 25 May 1968, G. Harling, Le . B. Strém 9861 (GB); Pozo petrolero “Moretecocha,”

udifio et al. 1057 (MO, QCNE); south of Puyo toward

Mazcas, alt. 950 m, 28 Fe b. 2001, C. Luer, J. A. Hirtz 19550 erage :

OMBIA: Without iby (MO).

COL

(MO), C. pens — data, cultivated at Colomborquideas, 20 Apr. 1997, R. Escobar 8327

dist Species is similar, both vegetatively and florally, to the numerous, widely

a Similar taxa that are treated as species-complex Acronia phyllocar-

z cronia erythrium is a slender plant with elongated ramicauls and spread-

prac stresctarta deeply cordate at the base. The small, red-purple flowers are

bacute sepals; narrowly linear-obl } ene

an ovate, obtuse to subacute | lip. y ong, minutely erose petals; an

Acronia erythrium is distin

guished from A. <

purple flowers with proportion phyllocardioides by larger, re

ately longer and narrower petals. B llow,

he 9 petals. Because yello

REEDS Ys oy hte in many species of many genera, color is often discounted

mically. However, no yellow flower of A. erythrium has been noted.

Acronia escobarii Lu

Ey. ep hali: Luer, .e nov.

bei ee 20 Escobar R. of Medellin fi cin ge 9 ae uae

Speci valvi ere

obovato 5 differt. ae ) Luer affinis sed censl. A tap a apice rotu a t labello

Close, tubular, sheath on the lo ts slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 25-35 cm long, with a

CeOUS, OVate, acute, rosea pussies the base. Leaf 7 coria-

2 cm deep wake overlapping. I wide, the base sess ca.

ile, deep

nflorescence a fascicle of successive, single flowers, aces by a

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 133

1 i, 5 mm lone . 3 LA ee 1, i 5 1}

the.1:5 long; peduncl g, hin, tubu-

lar, 10 mm long; pedicels 10-12 mm long; ovary 6 mm long; sepals microscopically ciliate, the dorsal

erect, obovate, round at the apex, 13 mm long, 7 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals connate into

an ovate, obtuse lamina, 11 mm hae 9mm wide, 6-(8- )veined; petals decurved, subfalcate-oblong,

end to accommodate the column-foot; column stout, 2 mm long, 2 mm wide, the foot thick, bulbous,

anther, rostellum and stigma apical

COLOMBIA: Without collection data: flowered in cultivation at Colomborquideas 26 Mar. 1997, R.

Escobar 8304 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 18532.

This Colombian species is characterized by a large, deeply cordate leaf; a large,

widely spread flower similar to that of A. bivalvis, but with an obovate dorsal sepal

round at the apex; broad, minutely denticulate petals; and a thick, arcuate, minutely

verrucose, obovate lip.

Acronia sorgubope paired ) Luer, comb. nov.

en e Latin excavatus, ‘‘excavate,” referring to the deeply concave lip.

Bas.: piesenas Siecle Schltr., Re at Spec. Nov. Regni yb Beih. 19: 287, 1923.

Syn.: bhatuage concaviflora C. Schweinf., Bot. Mus. Leafl. 4:114, 1937.

Ety.: F e Latin concaviflorus, * “with concave sewhe eviex either to the flower or the lip.

Syn.: pong pS imago Luer, Selbyana 3: 318, 1977.

Ety.: Latin imago, ‘‘a likeness,” alluding to the similarity to A. excavata.

Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls —— erect, suberect or eperse i

7 cm long, with a tubular sheath on the lower half and another 1-2 shea’ sabe the base. Leaf suberec

relationship to the leaf, horizontal, rigid, thickly coriaceous, ovate, subacute to obtuse, 2-4 cm long, ; ”

cm wide, the base broadly Eine sessile. Inflorescence fasciculate, a aa successive, non-resu

Pinate flower, subtended by a spathe 7-10 mm long, at the base of the leaf; peduncles 3-4 mm ionb,

concealed within the sheath; floral bracts thin, tubular, 4-5 mm long; pedicels 7-8 mm long; ovary 2-4

mm long; sepals fleshy, yellow-green, suffused and spotted with purple, glabrous externnally, more or

less papillose within, the middle sepal broadly a cuphtee obtuse, 4-6 mm Emp ibe 3.25-4 mm wide, 3-

fe)

mm wide, 4-veined; petals yellow-green, ack or suffused with bas fleshy, oblong, carinate

externally, 2-2.5 mm long, 0.8- ree mm wide, l-veined, the apex concave, incurved, acute; lip purple or

wey hick, ee ao ad peas 2.5-3 mm mmm long, 1 15+ a ma wie, wilt the apex obtuse, ad

elongate acute

Siar’ § o the ee of the de wad ichleia stout, 1 mm long, | mm wide, the foot obsolescent, the anther,

rostellum and stigma apical.

COSTA RICA: Alajuela: vicinity of San Ramon, 1921, G. Acosta s.n. (Holotype destroyed at B,

lece¢, tyE .= ji ig 3 AMES 312780 | Ee ee . £ ek yp ) Biti re D.A4 An Ge Dp , , 14 Nov

1927, A.M. ngage (134) 1668 (holotype of A. concaviflora: Era Without collection data, ca. 1867,

alt. 4,000 ft., A. Endres 49, 76, 88 (W); San Carlos, Zapote, alt. 1375 m, Oct. 1938, A. sig H1275

(AMES). Guanacaste: northeast of Santa Elena, upper San sake alt. 1550 m, 2

Haber & W. Zuchowski 8820 (CR, MO); Abangares, north of Monteverde at Rio Negro, a 1300 m, 2

Feb. 1989, W. Haber & W. Zuchowski 9094 (CR, MO): a Nu «83 cpaock of Monteverde, alt. 1200

m, 31 Aug. 1989, W. Haber & W. Zuchowski 9482 (CR, M

: Chiriqui: vicinity of Fortuna Dam, trail across ea Hornito, alt. 1100-1350 m, 7 Sept. 198

G. McPherson 11665 (MO). Coclé: E} Valle de Anton, alt. 600 m, 10 Dec. 1939, PH. Allen 2058 aac

Panama: La Eneida ia of Cerro Jefe, 16 Dec. 1967, R.L. Dressler 3234 (MO); Altos de Pacora

road, alt. 650 m, 4 Mar. 1 6, C. Luer, J. Luer, R.L. Dressler & P. Taylor 732 (holotype of P. imago:

SEL); Cerro Jefe, collected Jan 1976, cultivated Jan. 1994, F L Stevenson 81-0721-1 (MO). Coclé:

north of El Valle, La Mesa, 1000 m, 21 Jan. 1941, PH. Allen 2317 (AMES): above El! Valle, alt. ca.

1000 m, 15 Aug. 1971, H. er ht 71297a (SEL).

This species is occurs locally in Costa Rica and Panama. It is characterized by

thickly coriaceous, sessile leaves, and a gaping, non-resupinate flower that sits on

top. The sepals are variously spotted and suffused with purple. The synsepal is

deeply cucullate, the subcarinate petals curve to either side of the lip, and the lip is

ovoid and deeply concave and apiculate. An erect pair of basal lobes flank the

column

134 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia fantastica (Ames) Luer, —

Ety.: From the Latin fantasticus, “fantastic,” in sien to the unusual flower.

: rai Gee Sin aot: 45, 1936.

Syn.: ‘Pleurothallis horichii Luer, Die Orchidee 36(1): 23, Lape

Rican ds, who ira this species.

Syn.: Zosterophyllanthos horichii (Luer) Szlach. & Marg., Polish “3 ‘7 46(2): 119, 2001.

Plant medium i in size, epiphytic, oe more or less pendent; roots PEN Ramicauls de-

scending, horizontal, 7-20 cm oe vee pressed a enclosed below the erie by a closely

tubular sheath an 12 pea ra the base. Leaf “Ge: pendent, coriaceous,

narrowly ovate, acute, with agi more or less incurved, 9- i7¢ cm long, 1.7-2.5c ima conca ave at the

subcordate to cuneate base, with the margins decurrent on the longer for ca. 2 cm. Inflorescence a

solitary, ‘ging leaf, with a spathe 5-7 mm long; peduncles 1-

mm long the spathe; floral b hi , tubular, 4-5 mm long; pedicels 5-8 mm long; ovary 3.5

long; sep , glabrous, the dorsal l-ovate, obtuse, 7-8 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, 5-

veined, the lateral sepals connate into a broadly ell iptical-ovate obtuse. minutely bifid yale a: 5.5-6

mm long, 5-6.75 mm wide, 6-(8-)veined; petals snow white, eliptical-oblong, oblique, concave, acute,

5.5-6.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, 3-veined, with the margins minutely cellular; lip . weiie. canta

tril 4 mm wide, the lateral lobes oblong, obtuse, each 1 ihe mm long, 2.5 mm wide, minutely subver-

rucose, the middle lobe lobe purple, oblong, shallowly grooved, recurved, opense, 1 mam m long, the disc par a

pair of rounded, , hinged to the

column-foot; column white, stout, terete, | mm long, 1.5 mm broad, the foot obsolescent, the pany

rostellum and stigma apical.

COSTA RICA: San José: Vicinity of El Nena ys 850 m, Jan. 1936, A.F. Skutch 239] (Holotype:

AMES). Without locality, obtained h, cultivated in Bern, Switzerland, 1985, by R. Jenny,

C. Luer 7442 (holotype of P. horichii: SEL).

This species is uncommon in Costa Rica where it is endemic. It was first col-

lected by Skutch ar and described by Armies from a specimen mounted in an erect

tion, on of the species a half-century later. It

is not the peduncle that is adnate to the leaf: as originally stated, but it is the ramicaul

that is adnate to the leaf

Pleurothallis fantasica i 1S a Most unusual species with narrow, acuminate,

ty ig: concave leaves that are decurrent on the ramicaul for about two centimet-

white sepals are widely spread exposing a transversely three-lobed lip.

Acronia folsomii Lu & Endara, sp. nov.

Ety.: tmeperiasy A. Folsom who collected this —

species ba si homalanthae Schltr affinis, sed hahitn fi. Ae th ndi latiore

h 5 PA all eT «ear

tice — ee —— Spe stout, erect, terete, 10-25 cm long, with

; “3S at the base. Leaf coriaceous, spreading, ovate, ob-

tuse, acumi é Fs » Sp g:

oad flv: wide, the base deeply cordate, sessile. Inflorescence 2-8 single

mm long; pedicels 5-6 mm Rae m a broad spathe 1 cm long at the base of the leaf; peduncles 2-3

floral bract 5 mm Ion :

suffused with purp g; ovary 3 mm long; sepals yellow, more or less

veined, the Petre veces » glabrous, the dorsal elliptical, obtuse, 13 mm long, 7 mm wide, 5-

onnate into an ovate, subacute s 12 long, 7.5 mm wide, 6-veined;

» Oblique, subacute, serrate, 6

ip oblong, obli

midvein thickened beneath , :

glenion with elevated ERSTE REY X, 5.5 mm long, 3.5 mm — the disc shallowly concave wi

Stout, semiterete, 1 mm long, 1.75 mm

sea msl teslel

tion data, J.A. Folsom 6094 (MO): C Slotype: MO; Isotype: SEL), c. Luer illustr. 20448; same collec-

(SEL); border between Chiriqui and : and Boc Colorado, 19 Feb. 1977, C. Luer, J. Luer & R.L. Dressler 1467

1977, J.A. Folsom, G. Small & shh; del Toxo, Ay ag above sap alt. eal a m, 14 Aug.

alt. 1700 m, 13 Sept. 1977, re : 4738 (MO): te, top of mountain above camp.

olsom, R.L. Dressler & K. teeter pores (MO), C. yay illustr. 20812.

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 135

This large species is apparently restricted to the mountains of western Panama.

It is most similar to the sympatric Acronia homalantha, but is characterized by a

larger habit with stout ramicauls that bear a horizontal, deeply cordate leaf. The

larger flowers are borne singly, or in a few-flowered fascicle from a short but large

and broad spathe at the base of the leaf. The sepals are obtuse, the dorsal is six-

veined, the petals are oblong, and the lip is oblong with the apex rounded. The

tals are minutely serrate in Folsom’s first collection, but are smooth in subsequent

collections, all else being equal.

Acronia bogey toed Luer & Endara, s

Ety.: Naned for Ramiro Fonnegra of Medellin, cakaibial of the Curso Taxonomia Vegetal.

Species hi haec A. bivalvis Lindl. affinis, sed folits latissime ovate, profundissime cordato, spaths

tato integro distinguitur.

Plant large, peer: pepe roots slender. Ramicauls stout, erect, terete, 13-15 cm long, with

a tubular sheath on th er third and another at the base. Leaf coriaceous, spreading, broadly ovate,

cai acuminate, hy cm vehy a. 5 cm wide dry, sessile, the base deeply cordate, faa 2 om rey overlap-

he singl e, m long at

is base of wii wep peduncles within a suberect “pee iernea oe 7s — long; floral bats ca. 5 mm

long; o ovary 3 g p mm long,

3.5 mm wide, ee ined, the lat ral bt pede tang fe wide:

petals oblong, oblique, acute, pean 3 mm one, 1 2 mm wie, I-veined; As! dee 908 subacute, entire,

3.5 mm long, 2.2 mm wide, base concave, hinged to the

aod of the column-foot; column semiterete, 0.5 mm long, 1mm wide, is anther and bilobed stigma

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: Frontino, Nutibara, Alto de Cuevas, Quebrada del Oso, alt. 1900 m, 22 Apr.

1991, R. Fonnegra 3496 (Holotype: HUA; Isotypes: MO, SEL), C. Luer illustr. 20453

This species, apparently restricted to the Western Cordillera of rColbhitsa, is

characterized by broad, shortly acuminate leaves that are very deeply cordate at the

base with the lobes overlapping. The small flower, similar to A. bivalvis, emerges

from a conspicuous, suberect spathe. No color notes accompany the specimen.

The dorsal sepal is subacute while the similar synsepal is obtuse; the petals and lip

are glabrous and entire. The lip is sagittate with basal lobes flanking the column.

Acronia fossulata (Luer & R. Eacobedy Luer, comb. nov

Ety.: From the Latin fossulatus, “‘with a little ditch,” ade to the cavity at the base of the lip.

Bas.: Pleurothallis fossulata Luer & R. Eacoter Orquideologia 21: 91, 1998.

Plant large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 35-45 cm long, with a

close, tubular sheath on the lower third and 2-3 other sheaths at the base. Leaf suberect to spreading,

coriaceous, ovate, deeply cordate, acute, acuminate, - as nt Ipeg. 5-7 cm wide, the base sessile, 209

subtended by a spathe 8-10 mm I ie eee ess than 5 mm long, concealed within the ; floral

bracts thin, tubular, 7-8 mm long; > pee Is 10 mm long; ovary 6 mm long; sepals red-brown, g

the dorsal sepal broadly oblong, obtuse, shallowly concave, 11 mm long, 5.5 mm wide, 3

I 7.5 mm wide, 4-veined; pe

ateral se: connate into an ovate, obtuse lamina, 10 mm long ae ss idan oleate. 55

g , oblong-subfalcate, acute, 5 mm long, 0.8 mm mide, -veined;

ied on ie 75 ide. convex ab he middl y] rounded at the apex, concave beneath

c a ek a smoot vdadeafrsy

ee ded, dane lobes, concave

Pen pa of tanga call bbs corn with oh geere pgs 2m on, 2 wie.

the foot thick, , bulbous, minutely pubescent, the anther, rostellum

COLOMBIA: Huila: Belén, alt. 2000 m, collected by J.L. Aguirre, July 1992, aprons at Colombor-

quideas Feb. 1997, R. Escobar §203 (Holotype: JAUM; Isotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 1

3 nee

136 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

oa Nacional csc *Las ecnpeell Rio Calles, alt. 1420 m, A. Cogollo, J.G. Ramirez & O.

varez 2577 (JAUM, MO); Parqué Ecolégico Piedras Blancas, alt. 2350 m, R. Fonnegra, A. Acevedo &

c cL Builes 5320 (HUA, MO). Nariiio: Monopamba, alt. c: a. 1800 m, collected by J.L. Aguirre, cultivat-

ed at Colomborquideas, 26 Feb. | 1997, R. Escobar 8282 (MO).

\DOR: Carchi: t jo, alt. 2900-3100 m, 2 Mar. 1974, G. Harling & L.

Andersson 12425 (GB); same area, alt. 2000 ea, ee pe. 1978, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 2704 (SEL).

t. 1950, 17 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz et al.

12347 (MO).

This large species from southern Colombia and northern Ecuador is variable in

the width of the leaves and in the number of veins in the dorsal sepal. The dorsal

sepal of the plant described from Colombia had three veins, but other plants with

similar floral parts have incomplete five veins, complete five veins, or incomplete

seven veins in the larger flowers. The lip is most diagnostic. It is oblong-ovate,

and rounded and convex above the middle, and somewhat concave across the

middle, so that the lateral profile resembles a camel. The base is truncate with a

glenion in a sulcus between a pair of more or less triangular calli with cavities on

either side.

ee yards Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From helmeted,” referrin

ig to oe pies concave dorsal sepal.

Bas.: pore RAY Luer, cee 49: 206, 1

Plant medium in size, epiphyti , caespi

RBA: with aclose, tubular sheath on the ae third and 2-3 other sheaths at the base. Leaf aude

t to spreading, coriaceous, oblong, shortly acuminate, acute, 7-8 cm long, 1.5-2.8 cm wide, the base

cordate. Inflorescence a fascicle of successive, single flowers, subtended by a spathe 8-12 mm

the sheath; floral bracts thin, tubular, 5 mm long; pedi-

ically man = ng the veins, the dorsal sepal adly ovate, obtuse, abruptly short-

Ctiehie teas a e, ht 6.5 wide unexpanded, 7-veined, the lateral sepals pubescent,

: ina, 8 mm long, 4.5 mm wide, 4-veined; petals dark purple, decurved

falcate-oblong, subacute, denticulate, 4.5 ¢ » 4-veined; pe ark purple, dec :

mm long, | m oes

mm Hee ty .5 mm wide, papillose, the sg = mm wide, |-veined; lip erect, broadly subovate, 3.5

end tes obtuse apex apex apiculate, the tic shallowly su sulcate, the base broadly and deeply concave on the

umn stout, 0. ap long, ide, the foot

thick, nee iy pe t a ladles ont x mm long, 1.25 mm wide, the

ECU ie

A. Mire 6040 Gledoere: a wi va Alegre, sig eh in forest, alt. 2730 m, 1 May 1981, C. Luer, J. Luer &

Luer & S. Dalstréim 7260 (SEL). een Guaranda and Caluma, alt. 2800 m, 10 May 1982, C.

Fibs 708s éeraiee: of Acronia 8randiflora is apparently endemic in the forests

: cuador, where it is rarely collected. I osi-

aed y collected. It seems p

dorsal bowen A pi deflexa and A. grandiflora, The deeply concave, seven-veined

uch broader than the pubescent, narrowly ovate synsepal. The

decurved petals and the

erect, ovate li

of the margins of the lip above the P fa ‘ahagdag papillose. A small portion

Acronia

By: <0 feet onlieas ee Luer, Coop nov.

2001 ae on (Luer & R eel pen Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 119,

Plant large, epiphytic. ca

tubular sheath below the mises aad’ 7 a eam slender, erect, 20-60 cm long, with a

coriaceous, narrowly ovate, r Sheaths at the base y

inte. a succession of, sree sana long, 3. 3-4, 8 cm wide, the base sessile, deeply

Concealed within the Pdte9 ike: flow ers, subtended by a spathe ca. 1 cm long; peduncles 2-

eee dipeitenen os uple. 10mm long: sepals dark red. thin, tubular, 13-18 mm long; pedicels 15-20 mm

obtuse, 21 mm long, 14 mm wid 224 -pLeihe icarinate, t dorsal se sepal erect, broadly

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 137

concave, ovate, obtuse synsepal, 18 mm long, 21 mm wide expanded, 12-veined; petals dark purple,

expanded, obliquely triangular, acute, 10 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, 3-veined; lip red, broadly ovate to

ee: = = mm ee a 4 mm wide, Founded at the apex witha small tubercule disc

basal angles,

mot to cen aaend an cohen foor column red, stout, 2 mm long, 3. 5 mm wide, the foot thick, the

anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: forested mountains east of Medellin, collected by W. O. Arango & G.

Misas, cultivated by H. Ripley in San Francisco, CA, 16 Aug. 1979, C. pak (Holotype: SEL;

Isotype: JAUM

This uncommon species is known only from the original collection. It is charac-

terized by a large, dark purple flower borne on top of a large, narrowly ovate leaf.

The erect dorsal sepal is broad, the synsepal is deeply concave, the spreading petals

are triangular and acute, and the lip is suborbicular.

Acronia — (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

+oe,

Ety.: Named fo PP

Bas.: Pleurothallis gargantua Luer, Lindleyana 11: 161, 1996,

Plant huge, terrestrial, caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls stout, erect, approximately 1 meter tall,

enclosed by a tubular sheaths below the middle and 3-4 other sheaths about the base. Leaf spreading,

coriaceous, broadly ovate, ai 25- 35 cm long 18-20 cm wide, the base sessile, deeply cordate. Inflor-

escence a iecicie pe sing leaf from a seme 2-2.5 cm long;

eng 1.5-2 cm long; eek bract 10 mm long; pedicel 121 mm long; ovary 10 m ; ila-

ate, the dorsal scpal light green, suffused with rose, ovate, subacute, » 50-5 55 mm ie 35.38 mim wide,

ca. ibvcead. th red, covered by minute

crescent around the base of the column, t te s ynsepal 1, 45-50 mm Tong, 35 35

mm wide, 18-20-veined; petals thick, flanking the ith minut

ae obtuse, 20 mm long, 12 mm wide, 7-veined; # tight bey ory, aes Luaxaped

form, convex, rugulose, 8.5 mm long, 12 mm wide, the apex teevere » a pair of omer cheek- like

swellings the disc with a low, white, triangular callus, the b btrun

angu

to the column-foot; column stout, semiterete, 1.5 mm long, 3.5 mm we the anther and entire stigma

apical.

R: Carchi: terrestrial in a steep forest between Maldonado and Chical, alt. 1500 m, July 1991,

cultivated in Chamblee, GA, F L Stevenson 92-0115-1 (Holotype: MO); same area, 15 Jan. 1992, C.

¥, J. Luer, A. Jesup & A. Jesup 16022 (MO).

This monstrous, terrestrial species, similar vegetatively to the sympatric Pleuro-

thallis colossus Kraenzl. ex de Kerchowe, is reminiscent of an Anthurium Schott.

Huge, ovate, deeply cordate leaves are held horizontally by stout ramicauls a meter

high. Instead of numerous, small flowers, an immense, solitary flower is produced.

When expanded, the flower measures ten centimeters between the tips of the dorsal

Sepal and the synsepal. It is the largest known flower in the genus Acronia.

The broad, multiveined dorsal sepal is glabrous, but the equally large synsepal is

covered with minute blackish red papillae except for a smooth, green collar around

the base of the column. The broad, flat, similarly papillose petals flank the up. “The

transverse, convex lip is minutely rugulose :

The flower is ones similar to the cee smaller-flowered Acronia uly

Colombia. Other giant-leaved relatives include A. imperialis, A. reginae and “.

teaguei.

Acronia hica (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: Laake onp iC rebage eographic > in allusion to the disc of the labellum.

ographi

Bas.: Pleurothallis pho Luer, sbibyans & 310, 1

: slender, erect, 10-15 cm long.

Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots s ; Ramicoals ovate, acute, slightly

with 2-3 tubular sheaths near arand atthe base. Leaf raat Se connec on

acuminate, 5.5-7 cm long, 2-2.4 de, the base sessile, cordate. ‘ les 2-3 mm

flowers, borne on top of the nib pean by a spathe ca. 1 cm long at the base; peduncles

138 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

led within the sheath; floral bract thin, tubular, 6-7 mm long; pedicel 7-8 mm long; ovary 4-

rp mm long; sepals ae yellow, glabrous, the dorsal sepal.c erect, spits elli a meeistiga obtuse, 8 mm

long, 5 mm wide, 3-veined ate into an ovate, obtuse synsepal,

7mm long, 6 mm wide, 6-veined; petals yellow, expanded, Oe ine. Suey 5 mm long, 1 mm

wide, 1-veined; lip red-purple, ovate, obtuse, 3.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the disc shallowly concave and

sulcate, with the surface msdn de Tugose, verrucose and | glebulose, with y a glenion at the base, the

olumn green, stout, 1.5

mm long, 15 n wide, the foot thick, abbreviated, the anther and stigma beady

ECUADOR: Loja: road north of Loja, alt. 2000 m, 5 Mar. 1977, cultivated 5 Apr. 1977, C. Luer, J. Luer

& K. Cordoba 1579 (Holotype: SEL hae 8 sapeenae : Alto Romerillo, Rio Jamboe, alt. 1500 m, 19

May 1986, D. D'Alessandro 721 (MO

U: : Rio El asia alt. 1720 m, 2 Jan. 1984, D.N. Smith & J. Alban 5506 (MO).

Similar to those species closely allied to Acronia bivalvis, this species is easily

identified by the irregular surface of the lip, like a geographical relief map.

Acronia codewacpe oat Luer, comb. n

Ety.: From the raffa, “‘a giraffe,” in his ed the long-necked column.

Bas.: “rear ord Lee Selbyana 5: 165, 197

Syn.: ERROR EE i mpage Szlach. & Mr Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 119, 2001.

pias epiph F der. Ramicauls slender, erect, 9-19 cm long,

with a tubular below tt d 2-3 tubular sheaths at the base. Leaf suberect to spreading,

pesca Ni ovate, ae. sexe, slightly 2 acuminate, 5-9 cm long, 1. $. 3, 5 cm wide, the base sessile, shallowly

ve =f! a = t the leaf, subtended by a spathe 6-

ia le 4-5 mm long: floral bract thin, tubular, 5 mm long; pedicel

— aad ovary subverrucose, 4 mm ming sepals greenish tan, glabrous with minutely ciliate mar-

gins, the dorsal ovate, subacute, 9 mm long, 5.5 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals connate into

an ovate, subacute to obtuse synsepal, 8 mm long, 6.5 mm wide, 4-veined; petals purple, fakeba

roe eg hasrg tesa, , denticulate, 7 mm long, 1 mm wide, 1-veined, minutely biauriculate

ha ‘ purple, ovate, obtuse, minutely apiculate, minutely denticulate above the middle, 3 mm

zg. mm wide, we msi shallo lowly concave, w with a narrow bisa nion, narrow nag Py the middle toa

f th, iy

lumn column elongat ender. arcuate, 3

eee esis oe alt. ca. 2000 m, 8 Feb. 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer, R.

: Spat Cotopaxi: west slope of El Corazén, alt. 1200 m, 18 Feb.

C.H. Dodson 106 (MO, re (SEL). Bolivar: east of Balzapamba, alt. 1400 m, 16 June 1960,

Hie apts not distinct in Acronia with an acute, ovate leaf subcordate at the

H aia bapager unique in the genus because of the elongated, arcuate column.

barvud a aparvenn the anther and bilobed stigma are presented facing

fits into o peihate rb pa base, the column i is thick and convex, or bulbous, which

Barbosella 'y € of the lip, similar to the articulation seen in the genera

Schltr. and Crocodeilanthe Rchb.f & Wars:

“a sere (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Named in gate ical Giraldo Gensini of the University of Del Valle, Cali, Colombia, co-

Plant large,

loose, tubular poh rag — third ts slender. mien phere erect, 17-27 cm long, with a

broadly cordate-ovate vate, obtuse, pea and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf coriaceous, spreading,

cordate with the lobes 2.cm deep, Inflorene, nate, 9-11 em long, 5-7 em wide, the base sessile deeply

berect, pepe! spahe at Successive, single, red. le fl ma

peduncles, pedicels - oe base pees leaf, 14-18 mm long, 5 5-6 mm broad, psccine the

broadly ovate to Soa rounded cellar glandular within, glabrous externally, the dorsal sepal

lateral sepals : . at the * apex, 11 mm long, 10 mm wide, incompletely 5-veined, the

pletely 6-veined; veined; petals oblong, denticulat unded, 11 mm long, 9.5 mm wide, pee?

mm long, Ss mm wide, 1- -veined: opmes cellular-glandular, subacute, oblique at the base, 8

lip purple, glabrous, ovoid, convex, with the sides of the basal thirds

ee ae eS ee,

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 139

ecurved, 5 mm long, 5.25 mm — with the margins ¢ denticulate-erose, with the apex ene with a

uber ayy ath, with the surface of th y rounded

e, the base deflexed into a flat cl the column-foot, hi f th

srempeeh column stout, 1.5 mm long, 2.75 mm 1 broad, the foot thick, with ‘the anther, rostellum and

stigma apic

COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca: Finca Zingara, bet Cali and B It. 1900 m, 15 Jan.

1994, J. Giraldo G. & L. Olver A. 97 (Holo one TULY), C. Luer illustr. 18414; Bitkch. road to Buena

ventura, alt. 1900 m, collected by J. Aguirre, cultivated at Colomborquideas, 26 Mar. 1997, R. Escobar

8301 (MO).

This species of southwestern Colombia is characterized by a large, broadly ovate

leaf that is deeply cordate at the base. From a large, suberect spathe a purple flower

with broad, rounded sepals emerges. The petals are oblong and denticulate, and the

lip is prominently convex at the apex with the sides of the basal thirds revolute.

— glabra (Luer & R. Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

.: From the Latin glaber, “glabrous,” ly smooth flower parts.

aed Pleurothallis glabra Luer & R.Escobar, Orquideologia 20: 56, 1996.

Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 7-17 cm long,

enclosed by a sd eer heath . Leaf suberect to oe

coriaceous, narrowly ovate, acute, a 5 cm long 1 1.5-2.2 cm wide, the ne base sessile, c

cence a fascicle 4 Blane dull pr sti

9-10 mm long; peduncle 2mm! long ithin the spathe; floral bract 6 dice! 4-6 mm long;

ovary 3 mm | dorsal epal lliptical-ovate, obtuse, Dhaba § tae be 3(5-)

veined, the lateral sepals ‘complete! t ovate te t nei pre 9 mm long, 7

m wide, 4-veined; petals glabrous, leer: acute, 7.5 mm 4 2.5 mm eined; lip g

broadly ovate, obtuse, 3.3 mm long, 3.3 mm wide, the disc flat or very sigh peace ie a small

glenion at the base, the base pitireada te, , terete.

0.75 mm long, 1 mm wide, the anther and entire stigma apical.

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: Yarumal, Quebrada EI Oro along road to aprege alt. 1850

m, 16 Mar. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, S. Dalstriém & W. 7 14187 (Holotype: MO); San Luis, Piedra de

Castrillén, alt. 1500-1750 m, 9 May 1989, D.C. J. Betancur 5932 (NY, SEL); ee Parqué

Natural las Orquideas, alt. 1500 m, 29 Nov. 1993, peas et an 17339 (JAUM, MO).

Although not vegetatively distinct from many other members of the section with

slender ramicauls bearing narrowly ovate leaves and a superficially similar flower,

this species differs in a combination of a few features. All flower parts are totally

glabrous and entire. The petals are broad and three-veined. The broadly ovate lip is

hinged at the base without the usual flattening or being deflexed. The column is

short with an entire, single-lobed stigma.

Acronia globosa (Luer et R. Escobar) Luer, comb. nov. _

Ety.: From the Latin globo. globose,” referring to the subspherical flower.

Bas,: Pleurothallis nent athe & R.Escobar, Orquideologia 20: 60, 1996.

ts slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 15-18 cm long,

t the base. Leaf horizontal, spreading,

the base sessile, cout; ad

Plant medium in ize, epiphytic,

enclosed by a thin, tubular sh

cori riaceous, ovate, acute, = acuminate, aid a mong 2.5-3 cm wide,

£1 | bract 6-7 mm long; pedicel 7-

i spathe 8- le 2 obtuse

8 mm long; sah 4-5 mm long; pri glabro ee bees

long, 6 mm wide, 5-veined, the lateral pre gesrpers connate into a erent Kees yr

concave synsepal, 6 mm long, 7 mm wide, 6-veined; petals gla . ee agian 3mm

wide, 3-veined, with a fourth vein below the middle; lip uppermost, b 8 a. convex, with a narrow

long, 3. 75 mm 1 wide, | the margins minutely erose, the disc Lea or very S| SPAT nding the column, the

te, | mm long, | 5 mm

base between the lobes deflexed, hinged to the column-foot; gueeks stout, tere

wide, the anther and entire stigma apical.

140 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: between La Union and Sons6n, alt. 2500 m, collected by E. Valencia, 1991,

flowered in cultivation at Colomborquideas, 12 Dec. 1992, R. Escobar 5012 (Holotype: JAUM; Isotype

MO), C. Luer illustr. 16622.

Although not vegetatively distinct from many other members of the section with

slender ramicauls bearing ovate, more or less horizontal leaves, this species is easily

recognized by the red, roundish, non-resupinate flowers. The middle sepals and

synsepal are subspherical and concave. Projecting from either side of the flower are

the broad petals. The broad, flat, cordate lip with unusually long basal lobes that

surround the column is proportionately large, and it lies against the synsepal

Acronia 94 fee (Lindl.) eam pean nov.

Ety.: From the Latin wered,”” referring to the size of the flower.

Bas.: Pleurothallis ated pgs {abil Reg. sub t. 1797, 1836.

Syn.: ee domes a | ipa Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 667, 1891.

Syn: Z (Lindl.) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 119, 2001.

Plant aotien to large in size, anew terrestrial, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender

to stout, erect, 10-45 cm long, with a close, tubular sheath on the lower pea an another 1-2 sheaths at

the base. Leaf or spreading, coriaceous, oblong-ovate, subacute, acuminate, 7-20 cm long, 2-6

cm wide, the base sessile, deeply cordate. Inflorescence a solitary large, successive flower, subtend

by say ag pen es 1035 es 2-4 mm long, concealed within the sheath; floral bracts thin,

tubular ong; pedicels 35 mm long; OV Wp 11 mm lon : se microsco;} er ciliate-

bescent, the dorsal ad - “ 4 ;

pu veins to make 50 7 stripes

ovate to broadly ovate, acute to subacute, 22-42 mm long, 12-20 mm wide, 5- to 7-veined, the lateral

sepals yel on i te wn, conn nate into an ovate, acute lamina, 20-42 mm long, 7-

12 mm _ 4- to 6. d, aide ck

to minutely denti e cae glabrous to ns pubescent, 10-22 mm long, 2-3.5 mm wide, 1-

reed ee cpt sien red, purple or brown, erect, subovate,

the disc io ong, 5-9 mm wide, more or less cellular-glandular, = ns margins minutely denticulate,

ly concave ee hmermiN EE nih Leck ve the base, the base subcordate, thickened and shallow-

; stout, 2 mm long, 3 mm ¢

cent, the anther, rostellum and stigma apical. 8 wide, the foot thick, bulbous, minutely pubes

ECUADOR: Pichincha: epiphytic inthe vall

without locality, W. Jameson s.n. (W): ened

WW berate ms

Jen. 1907, © Eek). Gite & A oe Pees (MO). oS eel ae Se ee "2900 m,

of Lloa, alt. 8,000 ft., Hall s.n. (Holotype: we Pichincha,

‘o and Santo

ie 13787 (AAU, GB : vicini i

alt. »GB). Tungurahua: vicinity of Patate, Hda. Leito,

pegs Pp cre moe — nF US); Cordillera de Los Llanganates, alt. 3100 m, 11 Apr.

A OMe WC ik honed eee aa

- ia de oe alt. 2900 m, 17 Mar. 1989, .E. M

- angana above Valladolid, alt, 2700 ,

21449, 21456 oo t m, 2 Feb. 1985, G. Harling & L. Andersson

ine rn Fore poiba Ca Range south of Loja, alt. 2500 m, 21 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.

Antioquia: north er eet - 2650 m, 14 Mar. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, S.

me J. Luer, R. E ‘oba ¢ inder: of Velez toward Landazuri, alt. aes hae!

atm Scobar & E. Valencia 10147, ia (MOQ). Valle del ¢ Cauca: El Querem

5026 (MO). ‘Seca romaaees | big ean lomborquideas, 12 Dec. 1992, R. E obs

(SEL). Cocha and Sibundoy, alt. 2700 m, 30 July 1978, C. Luer et al. 3102

Prag grand |

al then conde g — ceaaaep in the mountainous forests of Ecuador

ilraton by Duns ion It has been attributed to Venezuela because

ne te other species (A. siphoglossa and A. linguifera

ee Se

ita alae ell

a ieee le Fs

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 141

were identified as A. grandiflora in the Field Guide of Orchids of Venezuela by

Dunsterville and Garay, 1979, and Venezuelan Orchids Illustrated Dunsterville and

Garay, vol. 4, 1966, respectively. No doubt it does occur in western Venezuela

because it occurs in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia. In Orchids of Peru, 1958,

Schweinfurth erroneously placed a locality in the desert southwest of Peru. He

org vay the village Lloa just west of Quito for the Loa in the arid department of

aie variable in size, the morphology of the flowers is reasonably constant.

The sepals vary between 22 and 30 millimeters in length. The broad, concave

dorsal sepal has five or seven veins. The fringed, narrow petals curve to either side,

sometimes beneath an erect lip in the natural position. The lip is subquadrate to

ovate, obtuse, with somewhat decurved but not acutely deflexed sides, five to eight

millimeters long, and variously ciliate-denticulate.

Acronia grandiflora is most closely related to A. sarcochila with sepals up to 42

millimeters long, and an ovate, smooth, convex lip over one centimeter long. It is

also related to A. linguifera and A. adonis, both of which have relatively large,

similar flowers. Pleurothallis linguifera differs with a long, oblong lip with re-

curved sides. Acronia adonis differs with only three veins in the dorsal sepal and a

long, erect, tubular lip formed by markedly recurved sides. Other related species

include A. deflexa with medium-sized flowers with a smaller lip with deflexed

margins above the middle. Acronia galerita has smaller flowers with a deeply

concave, dorsal sepal. Two others with large flowers are A. corysta with glabrous,

entire petals and lip, and A. jupiter with a verrucose, fringed lip with deflexed sides

above the middle.

Acronia hawkinsii Luer & Endara, sp. nov.

Ety.: Named for Thomas Hawkins, collector.

Spe ‘cies haec A lae (Schitr.) Luer, similis

ovato ad basim non gs wa differt.

, epiphytic, lender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 10-16 cm one

tubular sheath below the middle and 2-3 other sheaths at the base. Leaf erect, coriaceous, narrow

ly eae acute, 7.5-9 cm long, 2-2.5 cm wide, _ base shallowly cordate, sessile. penny se nee a

successive, solitary flower borne from ni base of the leaf, subtended by a reclining spathe 1 1-

Ong; peduncle ca. 2-3 mm long within the spathe; fone ca. 10 mm long; floral bract tubular, ca. ye mm

vex ovary ca. 2 mm long; flowers reportedly red-brown, sepals glabrous, the dorsal sepal ovate, obtuse,

4.5-5.5 mm long, 4-4.5 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals connate into an ovate, obtuse lamina, 4-5

mm long, 4-4.75 mm wide, 4-veined; petals oblong, obtuse, entire, 3 mm long, 1 mm wide, 1-veined; lip

transversely ovate, obtuse, 2mm Nong. 2.5 mm wide, a2 disc presumably flat, probably with a small

ot deflexed, hinged to the column-foot; column

stout, 1.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the foot thick.

HONDURAS: Comayagua: Cordillera de Montecillos Biological Reserve, alt. 1930 m, 9 Dec. 1991, T-

Hawkins, J. Montesinos & P. Holm 126 (Holotype: MO; Isotype: EAP), C. Luer illustr. 20820.

This species is known only from the 1991 type-collection with flowers in poor

condition. The above description will need to be elaborated upon when better

material is available. The leaves are narrowly ovate, shallowly cordate at the base,

and borne by considerably longer, slender ramicauls. From the few flowers hydrat-

ed searching for a lip, the obtuse dorsal sepal varies between 4.5 and 5.5 centimet-

ers long, placing it on the border between lots 3 and 4 of the key. The petals are

short and broad. The lip is small and transversely ovate, and the disc is apparently

featureless, except for possibly a glenion.

142 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

cronia hemileuca geet cmet comb. nov.

sal From the the Greek hemil alf white,”’ referring to the colors of the floral parts.

I ipsa 7: 118, 1982.

Plant Ramicauls slender, more or less hori-

zontal, 5-10 cm os witha npeee, sheath below the middle and 2-3 other sheaths at the base. Leaf

horizontal, coriaceous, lightly suffused with purple, narrowly ovate, acute, 8-13 cm long, 1.5-2.2 cm

wide, the base shallowly cordate, sessile. Inflorescence a successive, solitary flower i the leaf,

subtended by a Be aes ee see long within the spathe; pedicel 5-6 mm

long; floral bract tubular, 3-4 mm ovary 4 mm long; sepals ane -spread, glabrous externally, the

darker rose eit. "cellular-v verrucose within, elliptical, obtuse, 9 mm long, 6-8 mm

wide, ae the lateral i snow white, smooth, connate into an ovate, subacute synsepal, 8-10

mm mm wide, 4-veined; petals rose, narrowly oblong-falcate, acute, serrulate, 4 mm long, 0.6

mm whee yaaa lip deep purple, broadly elliptical w with the apex rounded, glandular cella, micro-

scopically erose, 6mm mm long, 4 mm wide, the disc disc flat, with a small glenion at the base, the base concave

on the end, hinged t, | mm long, 2 mm wide, the foot thick.

AMA: near the Fortuna dam site, alt. ca. 1000 m, collected by R.L. Dressler, Aug. 1976,

flowered in coibicatians 23 Dec. 1976, C. Luer 1274 (Holotype: SEL).

This species is possibly only a small, colorful variation of the A. bivalvis-com-

plex, but it is distinguished from the latter by the smaller habit and smaller flower

with a distinctive color-pattern. The dorsal sepal and short petals are rose, while the

synsepal is snow white with a deep purple lip lying upon it.

Acronia eens R.Escobar, sp. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin hispidulus, “‘with short, rigid hairs,” referring to the lip.

Species if Acrniae bivalvis (Lindl. ) Luer affinis, sed foliis anguste linear-ovatis, sepalis obtusis,

netal:

iin size to Bt epiphytic, aren ; roots coarse. hickicaels stout, erect, 20-42 cm

long, with a tubular sheath below the middle and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf spreading, pps a.

ly ovate, acute, acuminate, 10-16 cm long, 1.5-3 cm wide, the base sessile, cordate. Infl

tone a single, Successive flower, s subtended by a Aipeag spathe 12-15 a Hloea peduncles 2- 3 mm

mm long; pedice! mm long; ovary 5

mm long; sepals fleshy, claps externall ht ,

® obtuse, 14 mm long, 8 tas Wille, 5-sehec. the ta wie sevens nepal yellow "eliptca-ovate, —— €

hing Tse oe hae petals shiney? linear-triangular, acute, minutely Chic dedcuinc. 7. iv mm

cate ~veined; fhe ne nt found atthe ape: x, 6.5 mm long, 4 mm wide, the disc dif-

short hai cate with a small glenion, and with a short claw, hinged to

the column-f :

rostellum pi potas stout, I mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the foot thick, obsolescent, with the anther,

COLOMB

ta TA: ese = near Nutibara, alt. 1600 m, 5 May 1983, C. Luer, J. Luer & R.

sie ne from the Western Cordillera of Colombia is related to the numerous

shies ie of the A. bivalvis-complex, but it is distinguished from them by long,

y linear-ovate leaves, and an oblong, flat, diffusely hispidous lip.

“Sy “By: Necdine (Luer & Hirtz) Luer, com ib. nov.

amed in honor of Thomas Hoijer of ea Sweden, who discovered this species.

Pleurothallis jeri Luer & Hirtz Hirtz, Lindleyana 3: 143, 1988.

sepa terns send Racal soa, erect, wih a close, bul tet

broadly ovate, 12-15 base, 20-38 cm long. Leaf horizontal to spreading, Tn bad

dete. the {3 gm long, 10-12 em wide, the apex acute, acuminate, the base sessile, deeply cor-

m deep. a fascicle of solitary, successive, sk purple flowers,

a usly, from a reclining spathe 15-2 cm long, at the base of the leaf;

8-10 mm long; sepals renee 1 8-10 cm long; ovary

concave, ion: se long, 9 mm wide » the dorsal sepal white at the base, broadly ovate, subacute, deeply

ovate, synsepal 14 mm cxagen nee 7-(9-)veined, the lateral sepals connate into an oblong-

mm wide, 6-veined; petals falcate, acute, cami) fimbriate, 5.5

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 143

mm long, 1.25 mm wide, l-veined, curved to meet beneath the lip; lip thick, owed: ovate, minutely

fringed, 3.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, the disc elevated with thickened

of the li lip, the apex yea apiculate, spk and serge ti

end,h dt,

b , concave on of

out pag agpy pean aR peal ew

bilobed stigma apical, the foot bulbous.

ECUADOR: Carchi: epiphytic in forest above Maldonado, alt. 1950 m, 4 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dal-

strom a c rated 9910 (Holotype: MO).

This spectacular species is apparently endemic in northwesternmost Ecuador. It

bears a few, single flowers simultaneously on top of a large, cordate leaf. The

flowers are most remarkable for their intense, deep purple color which is accentuat-

ed by the bright white of the lower half of the dorsal sepals. Protruding from the

center of the flower is the unique lip, thickened with an elevated disc outlined by a

high, rounded margin above the minutely fringed edge of the lip.

egy ee har aang (Schitr.) Luer, comb. nov.

y.: Fi teek homalanthos, “a level or even flower,” referring to the flat flower.

& pe eS N homalantha Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 19: 106, 1923.

Syn.: areneewe homalanthoides Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 19: 190, 1923.

Ety.: Named for the similarity to A. homalantha.

Syn.: Pleurothallis nemorum Schltr. Ree re Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 19: 191, 1923.

Ety.: From the Latin nemorum, “of ope ands,” referring to the habita

Syn.: fee sats nervosa Braid, Bull. Misc. ead 201, 1924.

ty.: Latin nervosus, “with nerves,” referring to the more than 3-veined sepals.

Plant medi lender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 10-25 cm

long, with a tubular sheath bei a “iniddle and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf erect to suberect,

coriaceous, ovate, acute, 6-9 cm long, 2.5-4.5 cm wide, the base sessile, cordate. Inflorescence a single

ewan produced successively, subtended by a reclining spathe 9-11 mm long; peduncles 6-7 mm long,

cealed within the sheath; floral bracts tubular, 5-6 mm long; pedicels 6-7 mm long; ovary 4 mm long;

els yellow-green to pale oe brown or purple- -brown, glabrous, the dorsal sepal elliptical-ovate,

subacute to obtuse, 8-12 mm long, 5-6 mm wide, 5-veined, the lateral sepals connate into an ov

subacute to obtuse synsepal, 7.5-10 mm long, 5-6 mm wide, 6-veine ed; petals colored as the a Fe

decurved, o se obtuse to mie smooth, 5-6 mm long, 0.75-1 mm wide, 1-veined; lip colored

sepals, glabrous, elliptical-oblo ng to ovate, to obtuse, 3-3.75 mm long, Ren enes mm soi the disc

slightly convex to slightly concave, with a glenion above the yaad a2 = the base the end,

hinged to the column-foot; pein stout, 2 mm long, 2 mm wide, the foot thick, perenne ohh the

anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

COSTA RICA: Cartago: Tablazo, alt. 1900 m, July 1909, A. & C. Brade 1160 (Holotyr : ci

lectotype here designated: HB; AMES 31260, illustr. of type top © pal ede Cachi, alt. caper’ A.

cultivated at Kew, Dec. 1923, C.H. Lankester s.n. (holotype of P. nerv »: even oe 68

Endres 47, 257, 458 (W). Alajuela: San Pedro de San Ramén, alt. 1150 1 a Sly 1921, ie M. Brenes

(holotype of P. homalanthoides destroyed at B, fragment at AMES; illus of type); S AM

Ramén, alt. 1150 m, July 1921, AM. Brenes 76 (holotype of P. nemorum a ao at B, et B 76

Brenes 121: AMES, lectotype: CR; San Pedro de San he , alt. 1150 m, July $08 A renes

(holotype of P. nemorum destroyed at B ; illustr. at ays 30525). Heredia: Vara

15 Sept. 1979, C: Luer, J. Luer & K.S. Walter 4176 (K. SEL). ge gengn tt

m, 5 Nov. 1992, S. Ingram & K. Ferrell-Ingram 1 . ‘ore ‘

nai 1700 m, 25 Nov. 1908, A A. & C. Brade [115 Grane: : enqaedaanen Slat

1924, A.C. Standley 34243 (AMES); La Estrella, 24 July Edwards 330 (AMES, K).

URAS: Comayagua: Dec. 1932, J-B: D. Stevens,

cree

NICARAGUA: Matagalpa: aie ali peetay a 1400-1500 m, 20 Jan. 1982, W.

PP. Moreno & T. Elmquist 21187 (MO).

This species is frequent in Central America. It is characterized by sae

leaves; a five-veined dorsal sepal; oblong, single-veined, glabrous petals; - +9

entire, ovate, obtuse lip with a small glenion. The five-veined dorsal sepal distin-

guishes it from what has been commonly called P. antonensis L.

Hamer’ s ap eaaests in Las Orquideas de El Salvador,

L.O. Williams

1974, sieplitiod as A.

144 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia homeroi Luer & Endara, sp nov.

Ety.: Named for Homero Vargas, collector of this species.

ES EST SONS ee eee a ae

Z epalis

f. Sa 4

sities =

obtusis, petalis linearibus glabris et labello oblong basim unguicul glenio magno dis-

Plant medium i to large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls very slender, erect,

15-21 cm long, with a tubular sheath below the middle and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf erect, coria-

ceous, narrowly ovate, acute, acuminate, 8-10 cm long, 2-2.5 cm wide, the base sessile, shallowly cor-

date. a single, successive flower, subtended by a reclining spathe 8-10 mm long; pedun-

cles ca. 2 mm long, concealed within the sheath; floral bracts tubular, 8-1] mm long; pedicels 8-11 mm

long; ; Sepal Enh , the d 1 pal “eh te, obtuse,

t, enh

pal te i te, te synsepal, 8 mm long,

4.5 mm wide; petals expanded, linear-oblong, acute, glabrous, 6 mm long, 0.75 mm wide, 1-veined; lip

appears to have been striped with a darker color on the sides, oblong, convex with decurved sides,

concave beneath, obtuse at the apex, 4.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the disc channeled medially witha

large glenion at the base, the base unguiculate, the claw 1 mm long, hinged to the column-foot; column

ECUADOR: Napo: Parqué Nacional Llanganates, between Salcedo and Tena, alt. 2130 m, 11 Sept. 1998,

H. Vargas, E. Narvéez & S. Orellana 2193 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 20807.

This species is known only from a collection on the eastern slope of the Andes

of Ecuador in the Llanganates range. It is characterized by very slender ramicauls;

erect, narrowly ovate, acuminate leaves; an inconspicuous spathe; and small, gla-

brous flowers. The sepals are obtuse, and the petals are linear-oblong. The oblong

lip is distinct with decurved sides and a large glenion above an unguiculate base.

Acronia homeroi is related to A. bivalvis, but the distinct lip distinguishes it.

Acronia imperialis (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

made rom the Latin imperialis, “imperial,”” referring to the size, beauty and regal colors.

* Pleurothallis imperialis Luer, Selbyana 1: 186, 1975.

s * Zasternnh Il. r ‘ si ae i ae <

yn — metas .uet) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 119, 2001.

: ial, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls stout, erect, 20-55 cm tall,

pace bya sian : war below me ie and 2-3 other sheaths about the base. Leaf spread-

‘Orlaceous, » y acuminate, 13-: j i :

int fi & fascicle of siael -2cm long, 4-9 cm wide, the base sessile, ey ee

bee erp 10-15 — floral bract 5-10 mm long; pedicel 10-15 mm long; ovary 10-12 mm

case Avi eR: - yellow-green, suffused with rose basally, the dorsal sepal broadly ovate,

orale. ‘ =o rig long, 17-20 mm wide, multiveined, the lateral sepals connate into an

with the mates, oe OE 19-16 tat wide, amiveined. petals parple brown, glabrous

Ming EY Pies wrpreaprt comme Papillose, oblong, convex, subfalcate, obtuse, 11-13 mm long, 4.5-5

be apex b apse oS gla ous, transversely obovate-reniform, 5-6 mm long, 8 mm wide,

base subtruncate chee ek mins se nrvhar Lae the disc with a large glenion at the base, ¥

mm long, 3 mm wide, the anther anj ata cds edge to the column-foot; column stout, semiterete,

suiccec

terrestri

200 (Hols SEL) Quito and Santo Domingo, alt. 300 m, 2 Mar

Lorenzo, alt. 1400 m, | ype: SEL). Carchi: above Rio Blanco, between Ibarra and San

Maldonado, alt. 1700 : in Dodson & L.B. Thien 1601 (SEL); forest remnant east of

hace » 1 Jan. 1993, A. Hirtz 5878 (MO); north of Rio Mira,

on cacao, alt. 600 te. 11 . a Ap laee: A. Hirtz & X. Hirtz 6292 (MO). El Ore:

Mar. 1995, x. Cornejo & C. Bonifaz 3730 (GUA 7 ~ Cornejo 329 (GUAY); Cerro Azul, alt. 500 m,

This speci os

Ecuador. epi ds nke Parently confined to the western declivity of the Andes of

anda ape. colorful flo oY a large habit; a large, spreading, deeply cordate leaf;

comes ehepig The sepals are obtuse and multiveined; the petals are

margins; and the lip is tran glabrous except for microscopically cellular-glandular

apex. _ absversely obovoid with a convex, protruding, pouch-like

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 145

Acronia sees (Luer) Luer, comb. no

m the Latin index, ‘‘a pointer,” in bie to the dorsal sepal.

Bas.: Pleurotalis index Luer, Seated 47: 76, 1980.

DI PN

ts slender, densely fasciculate. Ramicauls slender,

erect, round in cross- -section, 5% s cm long, with close, tubular sheaths above the base. Leaf thinly

coriaceous, spreading, sessile, broadly ovate, 3.5-6.5 cm long, 2.5-4. cm wide, the apex subacute,

shortly acuminate, the base deeply cordate, the basal lobes up to 1.5 cm . Inflorescence a fascicle of

— successive flowers borne from a suberect, rage spathe aa mm long, 3-5 mm eel at

the base of the leaf; peduncles nna ea 3-4 mm confined within the spathe with the floral bract

5-6 mm long; pedicel 9-11 mm long; ovary 4-5 mm ioe sepals yellow, membranous, glabrous, the

dorsal sepal very narrowly pena sei, edie reflexed, 15-19 mm long, 4 mm wide, 3- aoa vs

lateral sepals connate completely into a similar synsepal, 15-19 mm long, 4.5-6 mm wide ex

veined; petals yellow, very narrowly ovate, acute, acuminate, 14-18 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide at i:

base, 3-veined, minutely ciliate; lip yellow, triangular, acute, 4-4.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, minutely

pubescent, the basal angles obtuse, the disc shallowly concave, ‘with a well-defined glenion at the base,

the base subtruncate, hong. ange to the column- foot; column stout, 0.5-1 mm long, 2 mm broad, the

COLOMBIA: Narifio: La Planada above Ricaurte, alt. 1600 m, 3 Nov. 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz &

K. Walter 4582 (Holotype: SEL). Chocé: San José Palmar, cultivated at Colomborquideas, 20 Nov.

1981, C. Luer 6721A

ECUADOR: Esmeraldas: epiphytic in wet forest west of Lita, alt. 750 m, 18 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer,

A. Hirtz, C.H. Dodson, D. Benzing & D. Bermudes 12361 (MO).

This species is characterized an erect, long-pedicellate, spindly flower arising

from a semi-erect spathe at the base of a deeply cordate leaf. The dorsal sepal,

synsepal and petals are narrowly elongated, with the dorsal sepal acutely reflexed

and the petals outstretched and lightly incurved, resembling the stance of a crab

spider awaiting its prey. The lip is triangular and minutely pubescent.

Acronia iris Luer & Endara, sp. nov

Ety.: From the Latin iris, “rainbow,” referring to the colorful flowers.

Inter species generis Acroniae eam dorsali 5-venoso, petalis oblongis d pub tibus, labello

ovato crasso dense papilloso distinguitur

Plant medium in size to large, dolaie: caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 10-55

cm long, with a tubular sheath below the middle and 2-3 shorter sheaths at the base. Leaf nea

coriaceous, cordate-ovate, 8-12 cm long, 3.5-4.5 cm wide, the base sessile, cordate. Inflorescence a

a a resupinate, flower produced successively at the base of the eid spathe fugacious, peduncles

ate, less than 1 cm long; floral bracts ca. 5 mm long; pedicels 7-13 mm long; ovary smooth, 6-7

mm ey eg sepals colorful, the dorsal sepal glabrous, yellow with brown veins, elliptical, concave and

curved forward, subacute, 15 mm long, 9 mm wide, 5-veined, the lateral sepals light rose with purple

veins, conn 1, 15 mm long, 9 m wie 6-veined, diffusely and sparse-

ent; petals dark purple, pubescent-denticulate, oblong, obtuse, 8 mm long, 2 mm wide, I-

veined; lip black, thick, ovate, 5 mm lon g, 3. 5 m wide, the apex x rounded, convex, the disc covered

with coarse papillae, more or th concave on the

Ppa with a convex column-foot; column eas stout, 2 mm long, 2 mm broad, the anther and

ibous.

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: Frontino, alt. 2050 m, 3 May 1983, C. Luer, J. Luer & R. Escobar 8932

pares MO); Nutibara, Alto de Cuevas, alt. 1700-1800 m, 19 Apr. 1988, J.L. Luteyn, R. Callejas &

O. Escobar 12075 (SEL

This uncommon i tacos is apparently restricted to the Western Cordillera of

Colombia. It is distinguished by a long, slender ramicaul; an ovate-cordate leaf;

and a relatively large, colorful flower. The dorsal sepal is 5-veined; the petals are

oblong, pubescent and denticulate; and the lip is diffusely studded with papillae.

146 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia isthmica (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

tess Wiens Shea E kt re ee y pomay Wee Ser, ee

y if Panama where the species was collected.

Bas.: Pleurothallis isthmica Luer, Selbyana 3: 322, 1977.

Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, suberect to horizontal, 4-17 cm

long, with a close, tubular sheath on the lower half and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf horizontal, erect

in relationship to the ramicaul, coriaceous, narrowly ovate, acute, 3-11 cm long, 1-2 cm wide, the base

sessile, Imnflarceran, b J of #1 enhkd, Aad kh

Fhe ee ae

Fr er ee hi I Es I

mm long; ovary 3 mm long; sepals yellow-green, pale

subacute to obtuse, 5.5-8 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals connate into an ovate,

to obtuse synsepal, 5.5-7 mm long, 3.5-4 mm wide, 4-veine ; petals pale yellow, narrowly

oblong, acute, 2.5-4 mm long, 0.8 mm wide, 1-veined; lip pale yellow or pale orange, ovate, subacute t

narro' thickened at the apex, 3.5-4 mm long, 1.8-2 mm wide, the disc shallowly concave,

with a large but narrow glenion at the base, the base subcordate, concave on the end, hinged to the

semiterete, 1.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the foot obsolescent, with the anther, ros-

tellum and sti

PANAMA: Veraguas: near continental divide above S ta Fe, alt. 750 m, 4 Sept. 1976, C. Luer & R.

reenae 1140 (Holotype: SEL); west of Santa Fe, alt. 800-1200 m, 18 Mar. 1973, R.L. Liesner 871

; poe Cerro Tute near Santa Fe, alt. 2,500 ft., 25 Mar. 1947, P. Allen & G. Fairchild 4411

Sept. 5

750-900 m, 20 Jan. 1978, T.B. Croat 44612 (MO); north of Baraguilla. 4

obins 1(MO b ee > guilla, 4 Apr. 1977, J.A. Folsom & R.

aap $n 2451 (MO); above Copé, alt. 900 m, 19 Feb. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. & K. Dressler 10633

COSTA RICA: San José: Parqué Nacional Braulio Carrillo, Sendero La Botella, alt. 750 m, 16 Nov.

). Pun

eee Cépan: between San Joaquin and Quebrada Grande, Parque Nacional Cerro Azul, alt.

m, 8 Feb. 1992, 7. Hawkins 192 (EAP, MO, TEFH).

pA ape bps Apparently confined to Central America, is similar to the frequent

idely distributed Acronig discoidea. It is distinguished from the latter by a

pra ovate leaf that is broader and shallowly cordate at the rounded base, and

tivel at é the, and an oblong-ovate lip. Acronia discodea is variable vegeta-

Y, Dut the leaves are Cuneate-acuminate, not round at the base; and the lip is

more oblong-quadrate with a large, broad glenion,

: ag a jaramilloi rae bagi Luer, comb. nov.

& Rober to Jaramillo Mejia of Col : : i

Bas: Plewrorhallis jaramilloi Luer, Orquideoloct 3 Be, ne Pere te mpecins.

Slender, vera poohg: spenyes, Caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls suberect to horizontal,

tal, 90° from axis thu below the middle and 2-3 sheaths at the base. Leaf horizon-

2.5 cm wide, the base cordate. se, <suaceous, cordate-ovate, acute, slightly acuminate, 5-7 cm long, 1.8-

erect, foliaceous oat ay — a fascicle of solitary, suc i ers, from an

pedicels and floral enc: badeace ca. 0.5 cm wide, at the base of the leaf, enclosing peduncles,

* peduncles 4-5 mm long; floral bracts 5-7 mm long; pedicel 7-9 mm long;

the dorsal sepal ovate, acute, 9.5 mm long, 4.5 mm wide,

disc shallowly hie lly ot Eo irregular margins, obtuse, 4 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the

ion at _ “t of the disc lightly wrinkled, with an elevated, convex glen-

and bilobed stigma apical, the foot short, thick Cs aegedgag column stout, 1.5 mm long, the anther

COLOMBIA: Boyacé: nort

1972, R. Jaramillo M. 20254 (Holo bape near border with Santander del Sur, alt 2600 m, 7 May

OL; Isotype: AMES), C. Luer illustr. 19318.

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 147

This species from the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia is distinguished by the

ritah erect spathe at the base of a gota ad cordate leaf. The flower is borne a

w millimeters beyond the spathe. The d sepal and nearly equal synsepal are

ovate and acute, the petals are Vials large, slightly arcuate, oblong, acute,

and minutely fringed. The lip is thick, elliptical, obtuse, shallowly concave central-

ly, and with a convex glenion at the base

Acronia jupiter (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: Named for the mythological Jupiter because of the great size of the flower.

Bas: Pleurothallis jupiter Luer, Selbyana 1: 190, 1975.

Syn.: Zosterophyllanthos pees i Szlach. & re Polish ii J. 46(2): 119, 2001.

medium in size, ial der. Ramicauls slender, suber-

ect, 10-35 cm long, enclosed below the middle by a closely orice: tubular sheath, ve ha 2 other

sheaths at the base. Leaf beget or less A gion hickly coriaceous, oblon ong-ov. ovate peares 4

oan . 10-17 cm long, 2.5-4 cm wide, ‘ordate : Haliores

of successive, cork aici Meee subtended by a aus 10-15 mm long: wi we 2-

eae mm eek aso bracts thin, tubular, 6-7 mm _ pedicels 20 mm re) ovary 7-8 mm long; sepals

yellow-green, suffused with red-brown, the dorsal sepal narrowly ovate, acute, more or less acumi inate

above the middle, concave below the middle, carinate, pai mm long, 12- 16 mm wie expanded, 7- to

11-veined, t with revolute sides, 25-30 mm

long, 9-10 mm shige expanded, 4-veined; petals greenish 5 iesien. ciliate-pubescent, pen Lav oma

decurved, obtuse, 10-12 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, 1-veined; lip greenish brown, thick, o

Salli obtuse-truneate, cmminntely ich ata: with minutel y Be re mm

long, 5 mm wide, Mc a = the hace

the base subtruncate, thickened, ade pngake on the end, hinged to the bulbous base of the column

foot; column 1 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the foot thick, bulbot g

ECUADOR: Coto; trial bove Pilalo, t ehiashcal eed Vil

alt. 3200 m, 5 Mar. P97, C. Luer & R. Kent 29] mone SEL); between Quevedo and Latacunga, alt.

2800-3200 m, 14 Feb. 1963, C. Dodson & L. Thien 2258 (SEL); same area, above Pilalo, alt. 3200-3300

m, 8 Apr. 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S. Jeppesen, B. Lojtnant & B. Ollgaard 3283 (AAU, S); same area,

above Pilalo, alt. 3200 m, Dec. 1984, A. Hirtz 2184 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 16634.

Bolivar: beween n Guaranda and Caluma, alt. 2800 m, 11 May 1982, C. Luer & S. Dalstrim 7250 (SEL).

This species is apparently endemic at a high altitude ina small area of the

western slope of the Andes of central Ecuador. It is obviously closely allied to the

equally large-flowered Acronia grandiflora, but from the latter A. jupiter is distin-

guished by more robust, thicker leaves; a narrower, multiveined dorsal sepal; broad,

ciliate-pubescent petals; and a verrucose, fringed lip with the sides revolute above

the middle, and with the apex curved up as seen in A. deflexa.

fppeay — (Garay) Luer, comb. no

: Named in honor of Ellsworth P. Killip edie with A.C. Smith, first collected this species.

dd prasad. a one Canad. J. Bot. 34: 254, 1956.

Syn.: Z ll y) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 119, 2001.

Plant cuedinn teak epiphytic, carspitose more or less pee

erect, 5-21 cm long, with ar sh below the middle f 3

long, 1.5 -3 cm wide, the base cordate, sess!

ihe al coriaccous, ¢ ovate, acute, acuminate, 39. pea highs a ealeaded by narrow, faces

spathe 5 mm long; peduncles 5-15 mm long; floral bracts tubular, 7-9 eat

mm long; ovary 4 mm long; sepals light tan with veins brown, g dorsal

17-19 mm long, 6.5 mm w wes wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals eee into a jmarowly ovate ct,

acuminate, minutely bifid synse me 17 mm long, 6.5 m veined; ‘

linear- : fae pe ate, 15-17 mm long, 1 mm wide, |-veined; purple, narrow

ith an

ovate, ed 10 mm long, 3: 75 mm wide ‘the apex narrowly obtuse wi oT mead sgt ite

oe cal.

column-foot; column stout, terete, 2 mm long, the foot thick, obsolescent, the anther and stigma ap!

148 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca: Los Gaques, Péramo de Guasca, alt. 3250 m, 12 Mar. res EP. sip

34061 (Holotype: US; Isotype: AMES); above Pacho, alt. 2200-2500 m, Feb. 1892, F.C. Lehmann s.n.

(K-HK-82); Paramo de Guasca, 3 Nov. 1956, M. Ospina & J.M. Idrobo 18 (AMES, ‘Cou me

Boquerén de Chi

Subachoque and La Pradera, alt. 3000 m, 24 Nov. 1956, #4 Ospina & J.M. Idrobo 49 (AMES, COL);

Vertiente Oriental, between Uno and Fosca, alt. 3000-3200 m, 14 June 1974, H. Garcia-Barriga & R.

Jaramillo » 20528 (AMES, COL). _ Santander: Paramo Rico, alt. 3200 m, 15 Jan. 1927, E.P. fo. $ A.C.

Smith 17 ); Barbara, alt. 2540, 6 Nov. 1981, C. Luer & R. Escobar

6604 (SEL 31). B 4: Sierra Ni Cocuy, near L obuga alt. 2900 m, 16 Aug. 1957, PJ. Grubb, B.

Curry & A. Fernandez-Pérez 537 a

This species, relatively frequent in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, is easily

recognized by the spreading ovate leaf that is often prolific, and a resupinate flower

that is + erect above the surface of the leaf by the pedicel from a reclining

oe are long, very narrow, and fimbriate. The narrowly ovate lip

is pee echinate

at xc ear tes) bay comb. nov.

Ety.: From “lacerate,” a. to the petals and lip.

Bas.: pa ea ied Selbyana 1: 248, 1975,

Syn.: Zosterophyllanthos lacerus (Luer) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. ane 119, 2001.

Plant small to ; roots slender. Ramicauls slender,

erect, 6-16 cm long, with a close, tubular sheath below the middle and 2- : other sheaths at the base

Leaf suberect to hori thickly coriaceous, narrowly nies acute, 5-6 cm long, 0.8-1.1 cm wide, the

= tug rounded to shallowly cordate. ascicle of reba single, non-resupinate

oat thin, tubul he 5-7 mm long; peduncles i mm nm ong. concealed within the sheath; floral

sonar goog we ar, mm long; pedicels 3-4 mm long; ovary 3-4 mm long; sepals dark Sas gla-

rsal sepal y ovate, obtuse, es 5 mm long, 4 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral

suelpeneta ghruleg hens ovate, obtuse lamina, 5 mm long, 5 mm wide, 4-veined: petals dark purple,

< te, lacerate, 4 mm cc. 3 mm wide, 1-veined; lip red, suborbicular, subcordate,

imcerate, 2 ames long, 1.5 mm wide, the disc convex with a eid of low, rounded calli,

stout, | Kae we4 modate the column-foot;

mm long, 2 mm wide, the foot thick, with the anther, eon, and stigma apical.

ECUADOR: Pichincha: terre al on

oe and Santo sso ag 3200 me fred 8

CE CVMARIA. Wiese

embankment below the pass on the new road betw

m, 16 Aug. 1975, C. Luer, G. Luer & S. Wilhelm 550 RISE

/ Popayén, alt. 2600 m, F.C. Lehmann 6283 (K).

ssid sess cu a at relatively high altitudes in southern Colombia and north-

ser Te rene ties narrow leaves are shallowly cordate to rounded at the sessile

: are non-resupinate and not widely expanded. The middle sepal

and synsepal are

dark purple, smooth and at

and coarsely lacerate. concave, while the petals and lip are bro

ag qinsapes pelea Hh Luer, , comb, nov.

ipetal de-petaled,” referring to the petals

Syn.: Pleurothall lis ape Cay Callf. 1: 218 1952"

Sey. Named for Rebecca Norten whe col fo Pel se: 21 1976,

a evens (Ler) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 120, 2001.

eR Pita, ic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 10-35

Leaf spreading to deflexed, jonni a closely appressed, tubular sheath and 2-3 others at the base

deeply cordate the basal lot Ovate, acute, 9-10.5 cm long, 5-6.5 cm wide, the base peers

single flowers, We Punt ce F less over] rlapping. rescence a fascicle rs amg?

subtended by an erect. foliac. 5-30 m Ae fl

acts tubular, era ; pedicels eS fap ee:

11-15 mmlo

sepal dull red with with dark es Se me ce sacaie chee, i

lateral sepa nines i Veins, ell oPtical-ovate, acute acute, 19-20 mm long, 8 mm wide, 7-veined, the

ute synsepal, hin hone Liptay oo veins, connate into a broadly ovate, concave, subsubac-

slightly acuminate,

cal, acute, veined; petals translucent with dark red -purple veins, ellipti-

iim, 4.5 mm wide, 4-veined: lip white to light yellow, onal

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 149

triangular, subacute, 4 mm long, 4 mm wide, the disc feat fi ae

base acutely deflexed, concave on the end, aeacene to the column-foot; column stout, 1.5 mm mats 3

mm broad, the foot thick, 2.5 mm long, the

COLOMBIA: Cauca: El Tambo, primary forest toward opp alt. 800 m, Apr. 1937, K. von Sneidern

1602 (Holotype: S; isotype: AMES). Antioquia: Urrao, El Llavero, alt. 1500 m, collected by M

del

obtained in Colombia in 1973 by Rebecca Northen, cultivated 22 July 1975, C. Luer 031 (holotype of P.

northenae: SEL)

This species is apparently rare and confined to southwestern Colombia at a

moderately low altitude. It is characterized by the large, horizontal to deflexed,

cordate leaf with a conspicuous, erect spathe from which the flower emerges.

sepals and petals are striped in purple brown while the whitish lip i is triangular with

an acutely deflexed base. The lip of the type of A

the published description and figure ( 1952: 219) which led to the spurious publica-

tion of A. northenae

Acronia lemniscifolia (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin lemniscifolius, “‘leaf like a narrow ribbon,” referring to the leaves.

ae Pleurothallis nrevrign Luer, vert i Te 1975.

der. Ramicauls slender, more or less horizon-

tal, 10-30 cm paay enclonst eins the middle by a aaa appressed, tubular sheath, and 2-3 other

sheaths at the base. Leaf pendent, thickly coriaceous, flexible, narrowly linear, acute, with sides revo-

lute, 15-30 cm long, 0.8-1.1 cm wide, the base sessile, shallowly pBwey Inflorescence a fascicle of

successive, single flowers, subtended by a 10-17 mm sy peduncles 1-2 mm long; floral bracts

tubular, 5-7 mm long; pedicels 5-8 mm long; ovary 3-4 mm long; sepals yellow-brown with darker

brown along veins, glabrous, the socal sepal elliptical, Sees. 11 mm long, 6 mm wide, 5-veined, the

ateral sepa 1, 10 mm long, 6 mm wide, 6-veined

narrow wly linear-oblong, subfalcate, obtuse, thick, denticulate-erose, 7.5 mm long, 0. 5 mm wide, 1-

veined; lip olive-brown with short, white pubescence, oblong, obtuse, with the sides revolute, 6 mm

long, 3 mm wide, the disc slightly convex, with a gienion abave the red-brown base A;

cate, thickened, shortly deflexed, h Juma stout, 1.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide,

the foot thick, obsolescent, the anther, "rostellum and stigma apical.

ECUADOR: Pichincha: between Quito and Santo Domingo, alt. 1700 m, 17 Aug. 1975, C. Luer, G. foal

n S. Wilhelm 589 (Holotype: SEL); between Chiriboga and Santo Domingo, alt. 1600 m, 3 Apr.

on & D. D’Alessandro 16382 (MO).

This species, apparently endemic in northcentral Ecuador, is characterized vi

extraordinarily long and narrow, ribbon-like leaves that dangle from the ends 0

long, slender, wire-like ramicauls. Young leaves are straight, but older ent often

twist or curl. The flower is brown with obtuse dorsal sepal and synsepal; vs petals

are narrow and denticulate; and the oblong lip is covered with short, white hairs.

Acronia borer: (Schitr.) Luer, comb. no praeees

Ety.: F k leucanthos, “white- nary: ‘referring to the color 0 eo

Bas.: sneha leucantha Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 353, ny

Syn.: Zosterophyllanthos leucanthus (Schitr.) Sziach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): pean

small, epiphytic; caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, ran bnaeee m4

with a close, tubular half and another at the base.

— cordate, orate

coches. ous, narrowly elliptical-ovate, a ea cm » po 1-15 pore abe cantons 5 mm long;

mm long; pedicels 5

ddle sepal ae obtuse, slightly

an ovate, concave,

tuse synsepal, 3.5-4 mm long, 2.75- :

ticulate, s , 2.5 mm lng. 0.7 mm wide, 1-veined; lip yellow, thick, broadly com EST the

shortly aca e,2 n | mm wide, pean and anery pe peeney hick i

flexed or geniculat

thick with the apex 0 Gf the cobain: eptge hey ener aa peenn p tas

150 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz: epiphytic near Cobén, alt. 1350 m, — 1907, H. von Tiirckheim II 2425

i bly destro MES 23645, illustr. of type). Iza-

bal: Las Torres, alt. 950 m, 29 Oct. 1994, M.W. Dix 9194 (MO), C. nay 20426.

This species is uncommon in Guatemala. It is closely allied to A. sanchoi which

occurs relatively frequently in Costa Rica and Panama, and uncommonly in Guate-

a. Acronia leucantha is characterized by a narrowly ovate leaf, acute at the apex

and shallowly cordate at the base, and a small, pale yellow flower. The middle

sepal and synsepal are ovate and similar, at most four millimeters long. The petals

are oblong, minutely denticulate, and two and a half millimeters long. The lip is

thick, subarcuate, shallowly cordate, minutely verrucose, and with a shallow glen-

ion. Acronia sanchoi differs in shorter, elliptical, subacute leaves, and a larger

flower with the sepals about six millimeters long, and petals about five millimeters

long. The lip is more deeply cordate, with a distinct glenion, and not verrucose.

Acronia — (Foldats) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: Named in honor of Lilija, wife of Dr. Ernesto Foldats, ond aided him in his studies.

Bas.: Pleurothallis lilijae Foldats, Acta. Bot. Venez. 3: 379, 1

’ ytic, caes Ramicauls slender, erect,

with a close, tubular sheath below the 1 ep and 2. 3 shorter sheaths at it ae 8. 30 cm long. Leaf

8, horizontal to acutely deflexed, coriaceous, ovate to wly e, 6-15 cm long, 2-4 cm

wide, the apex acute, the base more or less concave, sessile, deeply adie vith oh lobes often incurved.

mum lon ascicle of solitary, successive flowers borne from a prone, suberect to erect spathe, 5-13

mm ng. 3-5 mm broad, at the wee of t the leaf; peduncles 1-2 mm long, confined within the spathe;

iene c

broadl i ar

7 7-13 mm long, 7-10 mm wide, 5- ” 7-veined, the lateral sepals connate into an ovate to

e gottpechy ynsepal, 8-12 mm long, 3.5-5 mm wide, 4- to 6-veined, wit ae sides re-

expanded, ovate-spathulate, acute, unguiculate, 7-12 mm long, 3-4.5 mm wide, 3-

aly eine with a vestigial vein, glabrous or pubescent with caiete-eweiceted mar-

rotruding me aries thick, 3-6 mm long, 3-4. 5 mm wide, more or head regent

basal angles subacute to e the

middle, shallowly bicallous at the base,

ue ts

column stout, 1-1.5 mm Haun ye broad. t ~ntanemae te on the end, cog hinged to 5 thie: colnaw -fo0

VENEZUEL 4 pepe i

May 1967, J.A. Penny below Paramé de Tam4, near Colombian border, alt. 2750-2950 m, 20-23

Quebrada CK, & E, Dunsterville 98549 (Holotype: VEN; Isotype: AMES); above

on Las Copes st de boos of Pace alt. 2600 m, J.A. Steyermark, G.C.K. & E. Dunster-

COLOMBIA: Norte de

de Santander: between Cucutilla Nov. 1981, C.

Luer, J. Luer, R Escobar & D. ar & D. Porto 6693 (SEL), —ikupenes ne beuaey oe cank

D. Portillo 7592 cer alt. 2800 m, 27 Apr. 1982, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Escobar

al. 12540 (MO). Pata mayo east of San Ponciice alt. 2350 m, 27 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer et

ECU

ADOR: Carchi: above M,

ed in San Francisco, 12 Dec. eee dag 800-2000 m, June wade a by W. ~ cultivat-

ta alt.2200 m, Aug. 1990, A. Hint, Laer 365 irony n El Carmelo and La Boni-

1885, C. Luer et al 11050(MO). Neg 4774 (MO). sf ae? west of Calacalf, alt. 2550, 4 APT.

Luer, J. Luer, A. Jes PJ, ‘p ong Rio Upano north of Macas, alt. 1050 m, 15 Jan. 1989, C.

the pass up, esup, A. fees Onega 13 13902. 13918 (MO). Morona-Santiago: east of

alt. 2400 m, 29 Oct. 1982, C. Luer, R. Escobar & A. Pozo 8223

y: between Sigsig and & si Cc

- m Strim 8232 (GB); between a alt. 2800-3000 m, 11 Apr. 1968, G. inten’

al. pede 22817 (GB). om eee tna alt. 2600 m, 9 Nov. 1982, G. eer 4

Laer. J Lier &. Hirt Cajanuma Range south of Loja, alt. 2750 m, 21 Mar. 198

m, C. Luer, A. gy : “keg 10741 a Cordillera del Condor, east of Los Encuentros, alt.

BOLIVIA: Le tta & W. Teague 13474 (MO).

ver 4M tons ita along Riot Unduavi, alt. 2450 m, 6 Feb. 1980, C. Luer, J. Luer, R.

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 151

This species is relatively frequent and variable in its wide distribution through

the Andes at relatively low altitudes usually below 2000 meters above sea level

from Venezuala into Bolivia. It was described from a collection by Steyermark in

the western mountains of Venezuela.

Similar to Acronia cardiostola, this species varies greatly both Si apedeis 9

florally. The juvenile leaves are erect, elliptical, acute and not cordat

seen in related species. Most often the cordate, mature leaves are anh deflexed

on the ramicaul with the cordate, basal lobes more or less erect and incurved. The

leaves are generally longer and narrower than those of A. cardiostola, usually

curving upward beyond the middle.

The resupinate flowers emerge from a reclining to a more or less erect, con-

spicuous spathe. Most commonly the flowers are mottled and suffused with purple

or brown. The sepals are variably cellular-glandular to short-pubescent. The

synsepal with longitudinally revolute sides is usually considerably narrower than

the dorsal sepal. The spathulate petals are usually pubescent and widely expanded.

The thick, oblong-ovate lip protrudes erect from beneath the column. The disc is

shallowly cleft above the middle

Acronia linguifera (Lind].) Luer, comb. nov

Ety.: From the Latin linguifer, “‘tongue-bearing,”’ referri rring to the labellum.

Bas.: Pleurothallis linguifera Lindl., Folia Orch. Pleurothallis 10, 1859.

pee ‘fiaak pags boliviana Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 453, 1912, not Rchb.f. 1855.

E amed for Bolivia, the country of origin of the plant

i: Pleurothallis buchtienii Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 10: 66, 1922, nom. nov.

Ety.: or of Otto Buchtien who collected in Boliv

Syn.: erate mereres nr (Lindl. — & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 119, 2001.

nt large, epi . lender Ramicanls | erect, slender to stout, 20-

50 cm long, with ‘¢ ph A tioath tool, th piace d 2-3 sheath the base. Leaf suberect to

ing, coriaceous, cordate-ovate, acute, 10-18 cm long, 3-5.5 cm wide, the base sessile, deeply corda

with the lobes sometimes BEE bed nflorescence a single, oeige flower, from a reclining

Pree 1-2 cm long; peduncle es 5- 10 mm pa floral bracts 5-12 mm long; pedicel 15-20 mm long. ovary

f nt within, the do ak sepal yellow to orange, elliptical-

ovate, acute, 16-27 mm long, 8-13 mm wi sae, ee % 7-veined, the lateral sepals yellow, brown or purple,

connate into an ovate, acute synsepal 15-27 mm long, 7-12 mm w wide, 4-, 6-

purple, deflexed, narrowly oblong, acute, minutely denticulate, 10-16 mm prea

veined; lip erect, red- purple, glabrous to cellular-glandular, oblong, subacute, w! ;

minutely denticulate margins, 10-14 mm long, 4-6 mm wide aed the base with so pesion,

truncate, flattened to to concave on the end, ee to the column-foot; column stout, 2. 5 mm long, 3

broad, the anther and | e foot thick, 2-3 mm long.

Pleurothallis linguifera - adonis c comple

B OLIVIA: La Pax: wilticot locality, 1846 , Bridges s.n. (Holotype: 0 Sud eseneanh auf Felsen

type US; isolectotype: AMES 26527; Nor Yungas, west of Coroico, a

(SEL). Saaveda, below Charazani, alt. 2550 m, 19 Nov. 1992, C. oe Luer, J.

Lu : Charasco, below Monte Puncu, Rio Lope Mendoza, al alt, 2500 m1 Reb. 1981: © lo

er & R. Vasquez 5812 (SEL). Peres 1800

PERU: : Condorcanqui, Cordillera del Condor, cabeceras hades renee eps tare

m, 16 July 1994, H. Beltran & R. Foster 888, 891 (SEL, Mar st oe eee Cutervo:

by K. Tokach P-52, cultivated in Tacoma, WA, Oct. 1996, C. spade bce én 2827 (MO). Hudnu-

between San Andrés and and Sécota, alt. 2500 m, 19 Apr. 1988, C- Diaz & S.

co: Hudnuco, terrestrial, D.E. Bennett 2800 (SEL). -Ni

ECUADOR: Carehi: between Tuleén and Maldonado, alt. 3150-3250 m, 19 May 197°. pep ee

S. Jeppesen, B. Lojtnant & B. Ollgaard 5807 (AAU). Sucumbios: MO); above San Gabriel,

alt. 2600 m, Aug. 1990, A. Hirtz, X. Hirtz, J. del Hierro & F. Sarmiento 4986 (eno NCalacalt, alt. 3000

alt. 3380 m, 16 Mar. 1981, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 6257 (SEL). Pichincha:

152 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

m, 28 — naa F.C. Lehmann 191 (W); old road to Santo Domingo, near Chiriboga, alt. 1600 m, 26

July 196 H. Dodson, N.H. Williams & R. Adams 3832 (SEL). Cotopaxi: between Quevedo and

potas a 3200 m, 8 Apr. 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S. Jeppesen, B. Lojtnant & B. Ollgaard 3285

(AAU, AMES). Napo: between Papallacta and Cuyuja, alt. 2500 m, he 1989, A. Hirtz & X. Hirtz 4257

MO).

ti f g the 1 to Guamote, alt. 2300 m, 2 Mar. 2001, C. Luer, J.

Luer & A. Hirtz ates 19623 (MO) Gualaceo and ne} n, agi 2800 m, C. Luer

& J. Luer 6128 (SEL). Loja: south of Yann, north of the pass, alt. 2400 m, r. 1982, C. Luer et

al. 7101 (SEL); ate from Vilcabamba, alt. 2000-2400 m, May 1985, D. D poate 356 (MO);

Jimbura, 1 Feb. 2003, A. Hirtz a a 8482 (MO). Jaga esas terrestrial on road-

cut f th alt. 2000 m, 5 Aug. 1975, C. Luer, G. Luer & S. Wilhelm

454 454 (holotype ¢ of A. adonis: SEL); s south of Yangana, above a. alt. 2450 m, C. Luer et al. 9581

86, S. Dalstrim & T. Héijer

1093 (MO); Quebrada Rfo San Francisco, alt. peep m, 3 Sues 1988, B. @llgaard 74961 (AAU,

QCA); Cordillera del Condor, north of Nambija, alt. 1400 m, June 1991, A. Hirtz 5515 (MO).

os ial, La Selva at Facatativa, alt. 9,000 ft., Apr. 1918, Mr. Tracy 242 (K): above Gutierrez. alt.

2700 m, 19 May yee C. Luer, J. Luer & R. Escobar 10367 (MO). Antioquia: Yarumal, cultivated at

Cc ideas, 23 May 1995, C. Luer 17599 (MO); Urrao, Guangarales, alt. 1700 m, collected by M.

Zapata, cultivated at Colomborquideas, 5 May 1993, C. Luer 16699 (MO); La Ceja, Rio Piedras, alt.

2000 m, collected by D. Ar Arbelaez, cultivated at Colomborquideas, Dec. 1992, R. Escobar 5196 (MO);

agree Cerro Padre Amaya, alt. 2600 m, collected by E. Acevedo, cultivated at Colomborquideas, 27

wr 1997. R. Escobar 8309 (MO). Narifio: between Pasto and Tumaco, alt. 1820 m, 21 July 1989, CH.

Dodson, R. Escobar & E. Valencia *18042 (MO).

taxon is treated here as a species-complex including Acronia adonis and A.

linguifera, Although much material can be identified as one or the other, many

collections defy the definitions, and present features that belong to the other.

ore, most collections are listed together.

: Moaignad linguifera was described by Lindley from a collection by Bridges

Ivia, no doubt inferred sere the department of La Paz. It is widely distributed

dorsal sepal as opposed r. The latter is distinguished by a three-veined

The sides of the fe oh. : five Or seven veins in the dorsal sepal of A. linguifera.

two taxa with adonis are usually more revolute. The distributions of the

althouch fs — i overlap, making identification of many uncertain,

egetative ntified as one or the other.

a or vel insinguishal the leaves are variable, from narrowly to broadly

cordate. Usually, a i to obtuse, and with the base deeply to shallowly

ously in Acronia dhe flower is present, but three or four often occur simultane-

& and various] ee bed dorsal sepal is concave, and the petals are narrowly

convex with the sides asians €rose, or ciliate. The lip is large, oblong, and

Curved that the ed, more revolute in A. adonis, occasionally so in-

the margins meet beneath to form a tube.

Ety.: Acronia llanganatensis Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.

Species haec Acrnnj 5 1 Ecuador, where the species was collected.

lis duplo latiorit lohan, 2 2ssae (Schitr.) Luer similis sed li tione latioribus, peta-

7 bs ia i 3 iy iy r ™

ele. mae

Plant large, epiphytic,

tubular sheath below the middle d Soarse. Ramicauls stout, suberect, 20-25 cm long, with a

coriaceous, narro narrowly ovate, and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf suberect to spreading, thickly

: "Sd ape €, acuminate, 15- 19 cm long, 4-5 cm wide, the base sessile, renee

oral bracts loose ‘s 2.5cem\| duncles ca. 10 mm long;

fleshy, cellular extemally and ong Pedicels 8 — okey ovary 10mm long: flowers dark purple, “sepals

Sed ' Sepal cucullate, broadly ovate, obtuse, 20 mm long,

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 153

18 mm wide unexpanded, 11-veined, the lateral sepal int ovate » Harrowly obtuse synsepal,

21 mm long, 12 mm wide, 6 Is fl oblong, convex,

subverrucose, 11 mm long, 6.5 mm wide; =p Ph , microscopically aceite transversely reni-

form, 6 mm an 9.5 mm wide, th - y roun side, the =e

convex, aokiye broadly tru ncate w d gleni 1-foot;

out, 2 mm long, 2 mm rey the foot thick, obsolescent, with the anther, rostellum : and s stigma

: Pastaza: Cordillera de Llanganates, alt. 3100 m, 11 Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz &

W. Flores 11171 (Holotype: MO).

This large species, similar to the relatively frequent Acronia nephroglossa, is

apparently rare on the eastern slopes of the Andes of central Ecuador. It is distin-

guished by slightly smaller, dark purple flowers with a proportionately aay cu-

cullate dorsal sepal. The petals are broader, convex and glabrous to the nak

The lip is transversely reniform, essentially smooth and devoid of papillae, siti a

truncate, non-cordate base. The species is most similar to the new species Acronia

suinii, also from southern Ecuador, but differing in the transversely reniform lip

with decurved sides.

Acronia loreae (Carnevali & I. Ramirez) Luer, comb. no

Ety.: Named bag a am H., curator of the herbarium of the sb whe de Ecologia, Xalapa, Mexico,

S$ species

regs Paral Ye Camevali & I. Ramirez, Novon 13: 412, 2003.

t size, epiphytic, d Ramicauls slender, erect, 11-19 cm long,

with a close, tubular sheath ‘below the middle and 1-2 others at the base. Leaf horizontal, coriaceous,

ovate, acute, acuminate, 6-7 cm long, 3-4 cm wide, the base deeply cordate, sessile. Inflorescence a

solitary flower pr roduced successively from a reclining spathe ca. 5 mm long, at the base of the leaf;

peduncles ca. 2 mm long; floral bract 4-5 mm long; pedicel 2 mm long; pa 2.5 mm long; se|

hha fleshy, glabrous, the dorsal sepal ovate, obtuse, concave, 6.5 mm long grees 5 mm wide

expanded, 3-veined, the lateral sepals connate into a concave, broadly ovate te-cordate, obtuse synsepal, 6

mm long, 6.5 mm wide, 6-veined; petals oblong-triangular, oblique, acute, concave, 3.5 mm long ex-

i i i ick margi

wide, the base broadly truncate, concave on the end, attach

mm long, 1 mm wide, with a broad, thick base

VENEZUELA: Falcon: Sierra de San Luis, Zambrano-Curimagua road, alt. 1300-1500 m, 9 Aug. 1993,

G. Carnevali, F. Lorea, et al. 3263 (Holotype: VEN; Isotype: CICY), C. ner Shas ustr. 17007.

This species is apparently endemic in coastal Venezuela. It is distinguished by a

deeply cordate leaf; a small, successive, fleshy flower with concave dorsal sepal and

synsepal; acute, concave petals; and a deeply concave, entire lip with thick margins.

Acronia lunaris (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin lunaris, ““moon-like,”’ in allusion to the larg

Bas.: Pleurothallis lunaris Luer & R-Escobar, Orquideologia 14: 158, 1981.

erect, 30-45 cm long, with a

Leaf horizontal to deflexed,

cae the base deeply cordate,

successively in a

pale orange flowers.

Plant large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, ¢

long, close, tubular sheath below the middle and 1-2 others at the base.

eous, undulate, narrowly ovate, acute, 12-21 cm long, 4. 5-7.5cm w

aise iorveceres large, ri ay widely spread, peach-colored flow

‘ascic m a spathe 15-22 mm , at

long; pedicel 8-10 mm long; ovary aoe" mm long; sepals glabrous, the dorsal sepal S cabatirwtsy

rbicular, obtuse, 23 mm long, 18 mm wide, 9-veined, the lateral sepals connate in toes

concave, broadly ovate-cordate synsepal, 18 mm long, 20 mm wide, with the apex rounded, li oe

toward the center; petals oblong, oblique, subacute, 12 mm long, 5 mm wide; lip a oor

mm long, 6 mm wide, the base yellow, deflexed, shallowly concave, the disc with aden a

the base; column greenish white, stout, 1.5 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, wil with a broad,

Ce eaIA: Antioquia: Munic. of Yarumal, headwaters of Rio Espiritu Santo, alt. ppebert

y O.J. Arango & G. Misas, Feb. 1974, cultivated by M. & O. Robledo at La Ceja, Ban

(oloyp: JAUM); same collection, cultivated 17 Oct. 1977, C. Luer 2080 (Clonotypes 6257 ji”

ity, collected by J. Aguirre, cultivated at Colomborquideas, 20 Apr. 1997,

154 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

This handsome species is distinguished from its numerous relatives by the large,

narrowly ovate, undulating leaves; a large, peach-colored flower with a rounded

sepal; a rounded synsepal; and a rounded lip.

Acronia lutheri Luer & Endara, sp. nov.

Ety.: Named for Harry Luther of bromeliad fame, who collected this species.

Species haec Acronia imperialis (Luer) Luer affinis, sed foliis majorit

iculatis, di

nedicelic el tis. petalis

A) Pr .—J a

P ee iin enon

. + laholl

Plant large, epiphytic, presumably caespitose; roots unknown. Ramicauls stout, erect, 50 cm or

more tall, with a close tubular sheath below the middle. s ing, coriaceous, ovate, acute, slight-

ly acuminate, 32 cm long, 15 cm wide, the base sessile, shallowly cordate. Inflorescence a fascicle of

Single, s ive fl b top of the leaf fi path 1 cm long; peduncles 1.5-2 cm long;

floral bract 7-10 long; pedicel 4-5 cm long; ovary 10-13 mm long; sepals glabrous externally, pur-

rle-t , t sepal broadly ovate, concave, subacute to obtuse, 25 mm long, 20 mm wide, mul-

tiveined, the lateral sepals connate into an ovate, subacute synsepal, spiculate-pubescent within above the

middle, 25 mm long, 15 mm wide, multiveined; petals purple-brown, glabrous except for spiculate

medial ird, oblong, convex, subfalcate, round at the apex, 13 mm long, 7.5 mm wide, 7-veined, with

lip dark purple-brown, glabrous, suborbicular, 5-6 mm long, 6 mm

wide, broadly convex, pouch-like, transversely rug

involute, the disc with a large glenion at the base, the base subtruncate, concave on the end, hinged on

the edge to foot; column stout, semiterete, 2 mm long, 3 mm wide, the anther and bilobed

stigma apical

ECUADOR: Pichincha: in wet forest near “Tinalandia,” alt. 900 m, 18 F

| .”” alt. , 18 Feb. 1988, H. Luther, J. Kress

& Roesel 12094 (Holotype: SEL), C. Luer illustr. 20455.

This species is closely allied to Acronia imperialis with which it grows sympa-

ly on the eastern slope of the Andes near Santo Domingo de Los Colorados.

Acronia lutheri is distinguished

= ~~ (Lindl.) Luer, comb. nov.

-: From he Greek macros, “large” or “long,” probably in reference to the habit.

Bas.: Pleurothallis macra Lindl., Folia Orch. Pleurothallis 10, 1859.

By Humboldtia filifera (Lindl.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 667, 1891.

ee oereyes macra (Lindl.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 667, 1891.

yn: hahaare we macrus (Lindl.) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 120, 2001.

obtuse, |

ide, 4-veined: pet ” © an ovate, acute synsepal, 10-13 mm long, 5-6 mm

sone with re Detals ~ankenaan rentrwesed acute, decurved, minutely erose, 9-12 mm — pe

CO SS ee er eee

SES ee ee

“4

yi:

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 155

ECUADOR: Pichincha: without locality, W. Jameson s.n. (Holotype: K); Valley of Lloa, alt. 9,000 cs

W. Jameson s.n. (holotype of P. filifera: K); near Calacali, alt. 3000 m, 28 Nov. 1879, EC. Le:

(W); near Calacali, alt. 3000 m, 28 Nov. 1880, EC. Lehmann 191 (W); rocky cliffs between Quito i

Chiriboga, alt. 2400-2800 m, 14 Mar. 1963, C.H. Dodson 2394 (SEL), C. Luer illustr. 161; between

Saloya and Chiriboga, alt. 2900 m, 18 June 1968, G. Harling, G. Storm & B. Strim 10443 (GB); between

San Juan and Chiriboga, alt. 2900 m, 20 Mar. 1979, B. Lojtnant & U. Molau 11249 (AAU, GB); Cerro

er wa ii Leaak: and San Juan, alt. 2500-3000 m, 15 June 1983, J. Bohlin & M, Bohlin 474

(GB). C praca en Quevado and Latacunga, alt. 2200 m, 8 Apr. 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S. Jeppe-

sen, B. Lojina an Dligaard 3206 irre Tungurahua: slopes of Tungurahua above Baiios, alt.

8,000 ft., 17 Tuly 1878, F.C. Lehmann s.n. (W).

This species is relatively frequent in the mountains of central Ecuador where it

is apparently endemic. It is characterized by the tall, slender ramicauls with erect,

narrowly ovate leaves. The flowers hang with slender pedicels beyond the shallow-

ly cordate base. The dorsal sepal is large and suborbicular, considerably wider than

the synsepal; the petals are narrowly falcate and decurved; and the lip is ovate and

obtuse.

Acronia macrocardia (Rchb.f.) Luer, comb. n

Ety.: From the Greek makrokardia, *‘a big heart,” Lees to the large, cordate leaves and large

abellum.

lia Rchb.f., Bonplandia 3: 72, 1855.

“0 Pleurothallis pulvinipes Schitr., Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 7: 529, 1921.

rom the Latin saints “a cushioned | foot,” Sp, to the bulbous column-foot

& Marg., Polish Bot. J aon 120, 2001.

Plant large, euipictic: pbs s & ey sieniee Ramicauls stout, erect, 15- -55 cm long, “eo a

Rae. tubular sheath on the lower third and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf suber

riaceous, ovate, subacute, acuminate, g. 15 cm long, 5-7 cm wide, the base sessile, deeply cordate.

Inflor rescence a sary: successive, flo owers, borne ‘on top of the leaf, en ae a reclining spathe 1-

s 10-12

1.5 cm long; peduncle 3- 5 mm long

long; ovary 6 mm long; sepals dark ye ellow to erp microscopically perwe pat ciliate, the dorsal

sepal elliptical, subacute, shallowly concave, 13-20 mm long, 7-12 wide, 5- to 7-veined, the ace

sepals connate into an ovate, subacute synsepal, 1 13-18 m mm long, 7- vy a wide, pen petals lin

oblong, acute, minutely denticulate and pubescent, 10-15 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, 1-veined; lip oblo 468

ovate, obtuse, 11-14 mm long, 5-6.5 mm wide, minutely denticulate, slightly convex, coder papillose,

bas base truncate, with a cavity on the end, articulated to the column-foot; column stout, 2.5 mm long, 2-

mm wide, the fi

COLOMBIA: Norte de Santander: Ocaiia, near San Pedro, alt. 5,000 ft., H. Wagener s.n. (Holotype:

Cundinamarca: between Bogoté and Fusagasuga, alt. ca. 1770 m, R. Schnitter s.n. (holotype of P.

pulvinipes: presumed to be at S); Sitead locality, purchased from a vendor in Bogot4, Oct. 1992, culti-

vated at Colomborquideas, 26 Mar. 1997, R. Escobar 8280 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 18538.

ECUADOR: Carchi: epiphytic in scrub forest between Maldonado and Tulcdn, alt. 3200 m, 17 May

1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S. Jeppesen, B. Lojtnant & B. Ollgaard 5661 (AAU), C. Luer illustr. 17214.

BOLIVIA: Cochabamba: Carrasco, Sehuencas, along Rio Lupe Mendoza, alt. 2630 m, 23 Jan. 1988, C.

Luer, J. Luer, R. Vasquez et al. 12803 (MO).

Collections answering this description are found in a wide distribution through

the Andes from Colombia to Bolivia. Although somewhat variable, this concept is

distinguished by the large habit with ovate, acuminate, deeply cordate leaves. The

flower is large with the dorsal sepal usually more than 13 millimeters long and five-

to seven-veined. The petals are narrowly oblong, minutely pubescent and minutely

denticulate. The lip is proportionately large, ovate, convex, cellular papillose with

minutely fringed margins. It nearly fills the space as it lies atop the synsepal. It is

distinguished from Acronia cardiophylax by a five- to seven-veined dorsal sepal,

minutely pubescent and denticulate petals.

156 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia maduroi (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

.: Named i in honor of Andres Maduro of Panama, Panama, who discovered this species.

Bas. : Ph l , Lindleyana 12: 51, 1997.

Plant large, presumably caespitose. Ramicaul broken off above the base, erect?, more than 20 cm

long, with a tubular sheath near the middle. Leaf spreading? or pendent?, coriaceous, ovate, acute, 13

cm long, 7 em wide, the base sessile, deeply cordate. feperemcnte a Fis jk large, red flower borne on

10 mm long within the spathe; floral

bract Hissigmicing pedicel 15 mm tig ovary 15mm long, arcuate 180" ; Sepals eee tx dorsal

sepal

obtuse, concave, 30 mm long, 20 mm wide unexpanded, 16- to 18-veined, the lateral sepals

letely te, acute synsepal, 27 m sepeey 15mm wide, 10- to oehed concave

basally b h the col I i, entire, oblong, obtuse, 11 mm long, 5 mm wide, 5-veined;

lip glabrous, transversely ovate, bal obtuse, acted, ‘6mm ce 9 mm wide, the lobes below the

middle, erect, , rounded, the disc with # Grominens Yen ven sand a ' glenion at the base, transversely flat on the

umn stout, terete, 1.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the

anther and entire stigma apical.

PANAMA: Chiriqué: Guadalupe, May 1992, A. Maduro 18 (Holotype: MO).

This large-flowered species was collected by Andres Maduro in the mountains

of westernmost Panama. The position of the flower at the base of the large, ovate

leaf is unusual with the long ovary curved 180°. If the leaf is pendent, the flower is

resupinate; if the leaf is horizontal, the flower is reclining with the synsepal upper-

most and erect. The dorsal sepal is broadly ovate and concave with 16 or 18 veins.

The ovate synsepal is concave basally beneath the lip; the petals are broad with five

veins; and the lip is transversely trilobed with the apex broadly rounded and the

lateral lobed rounded and erect.

— cronia magnipetala (C. Schweinf. f) ae comb. nov.

Ba oo gnipetalus, “*w petals,”’ referring to the size of the petals.

urothallis magnipetala rowel Bot. Mus. Leafl. 15: 97, 1951

PRB echoes, > epiphytic, ‘Caespitose; roots s slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 4-11 cm long, with a

ceous, ovate, suberect to spreading, coria-

single flower i. wh 7 Seeer ede cm wide, ogy ., cordate Inflorescence a successive,

within rte ft, sonawnead reclining spathe 5-6 mm long; peduncle 2-3 mm

= : floral bract tubular, mm long; aetieal 3 mm long; ovary 3 mm long; sepals yellow-

Seine Pee sine al sepal clipical ovate Oe harness concave, 4.5-5 mm long, 2 mm wide,

thick ¢ ovaie-triangulse: chine, oe litical vbameg 3.75 mm long, 1-1.4 mm wide, 1-veined; lip

truncate, with a shall obmse, 2-5 mm lon ‘ong, 1.4 mm wide, the disc shallowly concave, the base broadly

long and wide, the > cavity on the end, hinged to the abbreviated column-foot; column stout, | mm

thick, with the anther, rostellum and igma

CUZ), his, Hda. This Marcapata, alt. 2000 m, 27 Jan. 1943, C. Vargas 3128 (Holo-

* - " ‘gas

pe: AMES: hoy 17495 cu. Luer illustr. 19088; Quispichanchis, Yanamayo, alt. 720 m, 24-25 June

I (AMES, CUZ): di ; oe Cadena, alt. 1020 m, 29-30 July 1946, C. Vargas

riage bo, alt 1350 m, 6 Dec. 1947, C. setae 6784 (AMES, CUZ), Paucar-

ya, alt. 650 m, 15 Jan. 1987, A, Niifie dec 6864 (MO,

Lae ey ae a

this littl “‘reflexifolia” under which

: seeser priaer collection at AMES. App arently akeoaie 3 in the mountains of

divides. aia a oh achnteny scatin5 to the ubiquitous Acronia phyllocar-

petals are entire rl stinguishable, the sepals are basically similar, but the

larger, thick and Heed Aawirhmsag larger. The lip is distinctly different, being

ith the disc shallowly concave.

=» -

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 157

Acronia marthae (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

ay es in honor of Sra. Martha Posada de Robledo of Medellin, Colombia, who has cultivated

is species

ia Pleurothallis marthae Luer & R.Escobar, veer 20: 68, 1996.

arge, epiphytic, caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls stout, erect, 15-70 cm long, with a tubu-

lar ee tte the middle and 2-3 others at the tas, Leaf spreading, coriaceous, broadly cordate-

ovate, obtuse, shortly acuminate, 15-25 cm long, 10-21 cm wide, the base deep! e, sessile. In-

florescence a few-flowered fascicle of solitary, showy flowers borne by peduncles 1-1.5 cm long, from a

spathe 1-2 cm long, at the base of the leaf; floral bracts tubular, 10-15 mm long; pedicels 10-15 mm

long; ovary 9-10 mm long; oer rose, the dorsal sepal broadly ovate, obtuse, peren O 18 mm long, 13

mm wide, 15-veined, the lateral sepals if obtuse syn

be mm long, nis mm wide, ie glabrou $s externally, exyet | papillose # page ‘petals rose,

, oblique, rounded at the apex, convex, 11 mm long, 7.5 mm de, papillose outer half, dense-

we spiculate on ae inner half: lip light rose, thick, convex, ate, 5 mm La u nn wade,

the apex transverse, paetaly apiculate, deflexed, the di

surface above the middle, smooth below the middle, the base broadly ‘truncate, acutely re reflex ed, hinged

to the base of the column-foot; pubs stout, 1 mm long, 3 mm broad, the foot thick, 2 mm long, the

anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca: Garrapatas, collected by E. Valencia, cultivated at eren es isa 6

May 1993, C. Luer 16689 (Holotype: JAUM; Isotype: MO); cult. by M. & O. Robledo at La Ceja, 9

1988, C. Luer 13110 (MO).

This huge species, apparently endemic in southern Colombia, is distinguished

by the broad, deeply cordate leaves, and a few-flowered fascicle of relatively large,

showy, gaping, rose-colored flowers. The flowers are distinguished by the broad,

spiculate petals with rounded apices, and a transverse, convex, rugose-verrucose lip.

It is most closely related to Acronia imperialis (Luer) Luer in which the petals and

lip are smoo

Acronia —— (Luer & Hirtz) Luer, comb. nov.

mastodon, “a mastodon,”’ referring to the tusk-like petals.

Bas.: Pleurothallis lees Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 11: 167, 1996.

Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 7-18 cm long,

enclosed by 2 thin, tubular erect, thinly coria-

ceous, ovate, acute, sessile, 4.5-8 cm long 1.5-2.4cm wide. the base roun beordate. ya

cence a fascicle of single, eee) flowers borne from a peduncle 3-5 mm long within a — -

mm long at the base of the | floral bracts 5 mm long; pedicel 20 mm long; ovary 3 mm mm lon —

white, glabrous, the dorsal pate with 3 purple stripes, obovate, obtuse, 6 mm long, 3.5 mm meee

veined, the lateral sepals completely connate into an ovate, acute, concave S synsepal 7 mm long. wry

— chu light yellow, ‘narrowly | inear, sigmoid or uncinate, acute, 5 mm long, 0.5 mm wi

ns glandular, the base ilobulate, lobules of =

oe over the column; lip red-brown with the ovate, 6 mm —e i

mm long, 1 mm wide, the anther and bilobed stigma apical, the foot 0. “pererhey

cal

ECUADOR: Imbabura; epiphytic in wet forest southeast of Lita, alt. 1200 m, 11 Kt C, Luer,

Luer, A. Hirtz, X. Hirtz, A. Jesup, P. Jesup, M. Evans & J. del Hierro 15557 (Holotype:

d bya

This rare little s s, known from only one limited area, is characterize

— ; able in the leaf’s being very

Slender ramicaul and an ovate, acute leaf. It is remark of

thin, and the flowers’ bearing a pair of long, narrow petals acer te d

a pair of tusks of a mastodon. From bilobulate bases the yellow petals iy

behind the margins of the lip that are red-purple in this area. ia qasaaabey are

petals become terete and cellular-pubescent as they curve upward. The rete is

white with three purple stripes on the dorsal. The lip above ne eee

red-brown to complete a very colorful flower.

158 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia matudana (C.Schweinf.) Luer, comb. nov.

> Named 4 in honor of Eizi Matuda, on a in Mexico, ane — recorded » a

t. Mus. Leafl. 5: 1938, as ma

ine L 3: wis L . f.) Solach & Marg , Polish Bot. J 46(2): 120, 2001.

« pe

Diens a t awcal

der. Ramicauls slender,

erect, 8-35 cm ay enclosed below the middle eby a ya closely appressed, tubular ‘sheath. amt = % ot sna

sleaths at the base. L

shortly acuminate, »4-14.cm long, 1. 5-8 cm wide, ‘the aes a cordate to > deeply cordate with ae

ping auricles. single flowers, subtended by a spathe 5-10 mm

long; peduncles 1-2 mm long; floral bracts thin, tubular, 4-5 mm long; pedicels 5-7 mm long; ovary 3-4

mm long; sepals variously colored ere seg cen more or less suffused with purple or brown,

especially along the beg to purple or brown, glabrous, the dorsal sepal ovate, acute to subacute, 6-8

mm long, 3.5-4 mm wide, 3-veined, the heal ali ahd into an ovate, acute to su eines ——

5.5-8 mm long, 4-5 mm see Rb opie petals colored as the sepals, linear, rei decurved, 4-6 mi

long, 0.5-0.8 mm wide, 1-ve ticu ba i ‘alice

colored as the sepals, thick, oral, Way ae arcuate above the base, 3-4 mm fey 2- 2. 25 mm wide, the

se oben t oadly inal ides, especially

toward the base, with 1 i the base, the base subcordate,

reign shortly d deflexed, sb to the column-foot; column stout, | mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the foot

thick, obsolescent, the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

Representative collections:

: Chiapas: Stee ee, 8 Aug 1937, E. Matuda 1577 (Holotype: AMES).

GUATEMALA: ajulja, Costa Cura, 19 June 1882, FC. Lehmann 1729 (BR); Volcan

Jumay, alt. 1300-2200 m, TD Dec. 1939, J.A. Steyermark 32381 (F, SEL). Alta Verapaz: near Coban,

cultivated by O. 13 1990, C Luer 14594 (MO).

Ee ADO: Sta. Ana: Hda. bos Planes, alt. 2000 m, 16 Dec. 1950, O. Rohweder 3592 (ITIC,

MO); Cerro Mon ele , alt. 2200 m, F Hamer 329 9 (SEL).

Paraiso: Planes, alt. 1100 m, 13 Feb. 1982, R. Perdomo (MO, UNAH).

NICARAGUA Esteli: Cerro Quiabi, alt. 1600 m, 17 Apr. 1980, W.D. Stevens (MO, SEL). Jinotega:

rege Pefias Blancas, alt. 1200-1450 m, WD. Sevens 11296, 115 hac Lg tagalpa: north of

eee ia de praunde: 1400 m, = ~~ 1965, L.O. Williams et al. 27705 (F,

ievldic ar Forme wipes ieja, Volcdn Santa Maria, alt. Lapel 27 Jan. 1983, G.

(CR, MO). San Jose Cordill ar

May 1956, 6, LO. Williams 1 19873 3 (SEL), ordillera de Talamanca, near Villa Mills, alt. 2500 m

id Ragonvalia , alt. 2050 m, 8 May 1982, C.

Luer, J. oes & R. Escobar 7774 (SEL). Seutender- w ieee OF Volos wwerd Landarer, alt: 2150, 4

18) ia:

por del In

JADOR: Carchi: (00Kmeat Popayén, alt. 2300 m, 5 Dec. 1980, T:B. Croat 51908 (MO).

Nielsen, S. Jeppesen, B. Loi ulcén and Maldonado, alt. 2400-2600 m, 20-21 May “ibe L. Holm-

29 Oct. 1979, C. Luer, J. Lue & B. Ollgaard 6158, 6229 (AAU). Napo: near Papallacta, alt. 2500 m,

WK ties at A. Hirt 4453 (SEL). Pastaza: along Rio Pastaza, alt. oh 16 Mar.

Puyo, alt. 1600 m, 8 sa ge . ip lor 1087 (SEL). Tun; ear Rio Nese between Bafios and

Macas and Guamote. alt ra . Dodson & Figs Thien 924, 927 (SEL). M orona-San

Condor, chishetic Sim.6 Feb. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 12700 (MO); Cordillera del

of Guismé alt 1750 m, 21 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A.

I oja and Zamora, 20 May

Luya: ceed de Gal 56

(MO). Cajamarca: San eras, alt. 2000-2500 m, 20 June 1991, C. Diaz et al. 445

Huwinuco: Carpish alt 240) Picorana, alt. 2010 m, 21 Jan. 1999, C. Diaz et al. 10393 (MO).

m, 31 Aug. 1985, D. Bennett & A. Bennett 3502, 3526 (MO).

Vasquez et al 12860 (MO). toad to Villa Tunari, alt. 1500 m, 17 Jan. 1988, C. Luer, J. Luer, R.

Sn ee

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 159

$ species is relatively frequent in its wide distribution through the Andes and

Central America. Although vegetatively variable, the morphology of the flowers is

surprisingly constant. Once acquainted with the thick, more or less arcuate, sulcate

lip, one can easily recognize this species among all the others. Although relatively

common in the Andes, it escaped a description in the last cen

The flowers are medium in size with the acute sepals between six and eight

millimeters in length. The colors are variable from green suffused or occasionally

mottled with brown or purple, especially along the veins, to purple or brown. The

petals are narrow and smooth, and longer than the lip. The lip is oblong-ovate,

subacute to obtuse and longitudinally sulcate between thickened sides of the disc.

The lip is relatively thick amd more or less arcuate, especially above the base where

the broad, central channel is the deepest with a comparatively large glenion.

Acronia megaglossa (Luer & Dalstrém) Luer, comb. nov.

E rom the Greek megaglossa, “‘a big lip,” referring to the comparatively large labellum.

Bas.: eateewas: a Luer & Penn Lintnones 11: 168, 1996.

ts slend lender, erect 5-12 cm long,

with a close, tubular Ananas on aa! ‘ken third and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf su

narrowly linear-ovate, acute, 5-8 cm long, 1-1.3 cm wide, the base sessile, rounded, shallowly cordate.

Inflorescence a fascicle of successive, eee flowers, borne on top of the leaf, subtended by a narrow

spathe 8 mm long; peduncle ca. 1 mm long within spathe; floral bracts tubular, 5-6 mm long; pedicels 5-

mm long; ovary 4 mm long; sepals aa red with darker red Henge glabrous, the dorsal sepal broadly

elliptical, obtuse, 10 mm long, : 5 mm Nees 3-veined, Pp lateral penn connate into an ovate,

synsepal, 9.5 mm long, 9 mm wide, 6-veined; petals re pone g, acute, minutely denticulate,

5.5 mm long. 0.8 mm wide, veined lip red, thick, oblong, obtuse, 6. s mm long, 75 mm wide, the

disc shallow flexed, hinged to

the base of the column; column stout, | mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the foot thick, cisatberent with the

anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

ECUADOR: Carchi: epiphytic in forest above Maldonado, alt. 2000 m, 17 Mar. 1996, S. Dalstrém, S.

Ingram & K. Ingram-Ferrell 2182 (Holotype: MO); between Maldonado and Chical, alt. 1400 m, —

ered in cultivation, 15 Jan. 1993, F L Stevenson 93-0116-4 (MO). Pichincha: between Saloya

Chiriboga, alt. 2900 m, 18 June 1968, G. Harling, G. Storm & B. Strim 10445 (GB).

This flower of this species is basically similar to the others, perhaps most similar

to Acronia bivalvis and its relatives. However, the lip of A. megaglossa is propor-

tionately large in comparison to the sepals and petals. Most distinctive is the

narrowly linear, sessile leaf that resembles the leaf of the common A. discoidea.

Acronia a (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, comp. « nov.

~: From galorhinos, “large-nosed,” referring -

Bas.: paketen elatihed Luer & R.Esc erste ge ‘a 171, 1 eee Oh

it medium to large in size, epiphytic, caespitose; icauls erect, s am

cm long, enclosed below the cree ay a closely toresie ashe s pers

state , coriaceous s, narrowly ovate, acute, 7-14 cm long, 2- "

itlecabtends 4 tascic single Sects ahuaded bya the 10-12 guy ari

the leaf; peduncles 2- pas ; floral bracts tubular, 5-6 mm long; pedicels 7-8 mm long; ¢

long; se - ellow, sometimes suffused with rose along the veins, broadly

ovate, subacute to obtuse, 20 mm long, 13 mm vee " veined, the lateral se

Ovate, subacute synsepal, 18 = long, 12 mm wide, 8-veined; petals dark ei ea

minutely denticulate, 10 mm ong, 4 mm wide, Sa veined lip erect, dark purple, fe, ovoid-obp euyaged

tuse, 6.5 mm long, 5.5 mm wide the distal half. nearly ly meeting beneath,

: + onlumn Ss!

convex, with a gleni ate L

ete, 1.5 mm long, 2.5 mm broad, the foot thick, cvalaseer. , the . anther, ghana and stigma apical.

160 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: epiphytic in forest near Yarumalito, north of Santa Rosa de Osa, alt. 2350 m,

15 May 1985, C. ang 83 R. ipger oe & E. Valencia 11389 (Holotype: MO); same area, alt. 2650 m, 14

Mar. 1989, C. Luer, J. S. Dalstriém & W. Teague 14136 (MO).

This species is oma endemic in the northern part of the Central Cordillera

of Colombia. Slender ramicauls bear narrowly ovate, horizontal leaves nearly as

ong. The large, gaping flower with a protruding lip sits on top of the base of the

leaf. The sepals are broad and multiveined; the petals are broad and three-veined;

and the ovoid lip stands erect beneath the column. The sides above the middle are

rolled under to create an obtuse, tubular apex.

(Rchb.f.) Luer, comb. nov., subsp. microcardia.

beak te the Greek microcardia, “with small heart,” Teferring to the comparative small size of

Lwdhs,

lia Rchb.f. microcardia Bonplandia 22,1855;

Syn.: Pleurothallis stenosepala Rol olfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. 208, 1892.

Ety.: From stenosepalus, “with narrow sepal,” referring to that unusually narrow character.

agg Pleurothallis prised Schltr, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 7: 528, et

med for th

Syn.: Pleurothallis Shechaiphitv Seine: Repert. Spec. Nov. Rear Veg Beih. 27: 45, 1924.

ede pomrdirp choacpacnbe <n soc thew aceadga was col :

Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 121, 2001.

Plant small Ey in size, esiphiytic baiew. roots slender. Ramicauls slender, suberect to

gery 10-25 cm si with a close, tubular sheath from below the middle and 2 other sheaths at the

des base. Leaf suberect to 8, Socarenes, narrowly ovate, acute, 6-13 cm long, 1.2-3 cm m wide, the

leat. teens sessile, — cori. . “s single, successive flower, commonly lying agai gud a:

mag spathe mm iong at the base of the leaf; peduncles 2-4 mm stig conceale

wine mee + floral bracts tubular, 5-8 mm long: pedicels 8-13 mm long; ovary 4-6 mm

dita on Blabrous, the the dorsal sepal narrowly ovate, acute, 12-25 mm long, 2 35- 5 mm

long, 4-7 mm wide. aren sade y ovate, acute synsepal, 12-23 mm

minanily So aaio hen petals narrow narrowly linear-ovate, acute, Siteen long, 1 mm wide, 1-veined,

wide, minutel icroscopically serrate; lip sie to orange, ovate-oblong, obtuse, 4-7 mm lo ong, as mm

Mapsdis Os hamden ees base subtruncate with a glenion

column foot; column stout, ., 1-1.5 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, the foot thick, prone

stigma apical.

Cent, with the anther, rostellum and sti

Pao de sdntone, : Agua de la Virgen, Wagener 610 aaa aa W; Isotype: K);

Ga. Costin tie £2600 m, 10 May 1981, C. L wake Luer, R. Escobar & D. Portillo 6627

presumably Saree a) c 1770 m, R. Schnitter s.n. (holotype

ina: 1 7 auc: = highland of Popaydn, alt. 1500-2000 m,

i "7070. Vale Bind Vreven betw and Buenaventura, alt. 1200 m, 11 Oct. 1982, L.

FC shnan 70 et Sanchez 2574 (HUA. MO); highlands of Popay4n, alt. 1500-2000 m,

ent Soe Chachane y, near Pasto, alt. 2300-2400 m, Oct. 1921, W.

ons: at

: between Mendez and M 9 244 pre

A. Hirtz 703 orona, alt. 900 m, date?, A. Hirtz 16

i ia > (MO), C. Luer illustr. 19356; Chiguinda, alt, 1400 m, cultivated by Ecuagenera, Gualaceo

2004, A. Hirtz 8668 (MO).

BOLIVIA: La Paz: N.

or Yungas, north of Caranavi, alt. 1550 m, C. Luer 12933 (MO).

athasg Meposdeuy through the Andes, this frequent species is especially

oblong-ovate cordate. of the flowers. The leaves vary from narrowly cordate to

center of the base of th mae recognized, the single flower commonly lies in the

the synsepal resting in the with the long, narrow dorsal sepal pointed backward,

In Acronia mi Sroove, and the narrow petals usually pointed outward.

praNE Subspecies cubitoria, the petals are filiform with the tips

curving around the edges of the leaf. se

‘amaensis are about twice longer. The floral parts of A. microcardia subspeci

a SS ee

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 161

Acronis microcardia Rchb.f. aote one a Luer, comb. et stat. nov.

we cadena a Luer, Phytol

Ety.: From the Latin cubitorius, “ofa a lyin g voaaae Cueaie to the posture of the flower suggest-

ne a snooze ina chaise | longue.

Plant medium-sized to — pti caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, ~~ to

horizontal 15- 20 ¢ m long, with ac

ding, coriaceous varrovily ovate, selec 11- 15 cm 1 long, 2.3-2. 7 cm on the bes base

rounded, sessile, shallowly cordate. g:

borne from a spathe 10-12 mm “aa at the base of the leaf; Saeco ian mm long, « | d within the

spathe; floral bracts tubular, 5 mm long; pedicels 7 mm /ary Is li

green, glabrous, the dorsal sepal narrowly ovate, acute, long-acuminate, 32 "32-40 mm long, 3.5 mm wide

near the base, ae the lateral sepals connate into a narrorly linear-ovate, attenuate, acute

25-38 mm long, 5 m iden 4-veined; petals widely reflexed, narrowly linear, acute, 10-13 mm long, |

above, 1 wly obtuse,

8.5 mm long, S| mm wide, cellular verrucose, ate base NOS with a comparatively large glenion,

mn st e, 1.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the foot

thick, obsolescent, with ‘the anther, rostellum and stigma anak

ECUADOR: Zamora-Chinchipe: above Valladolid, alt. ca. 2600 m, collected by Walter Teague, July

1975, cultivated at San Francisco, CA, Aug. 1979, C. Luer 4110 (Holotype: SEL); upstream from Valla-

dolid, alt. 1700-1800 m, 16 Apr. 1986, D. D'Alessandro 602 (MO); west of Zumba, alt. 1800 m, date, 5.

Dalstrém 1193 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 11237.

This taxon is possibly an extreme among the numerous variations considered to

be Acronia microcardia. It is apparently restricted to southeastern Ecuador. It is

distinguished by a long narrow leaf with the flower lying upon the surface above the

base, but the dorsal sepal is so long that it extends beyond the base of the leaf along

the ramicaul. The long, thread-like filiform petals stretch to either side with the tips

curving around the margins of the leaf.

Acronia microcardia Rchb.f. subsp. tamaensis Biota eA Luer, comb. et stat. nov.

Bas.: Pleurothallis tamaensis Foldats, Acta Bot. Venez. 3: 392,

Ety ed for the Param6é de Tam4 where the species was prhieae

Plant large, epiphytic, ee roots slender. Ramicauls slender, suberect to horizontal, Jeon

cm long, with a close, tubular sheath from below the middle and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf *

ect to seen. coriaceous, aren ovate, acute, 13- ‘15 cm long, 4 cm wide, the base rounded, sess

shallowly cordate. I inst the leaf, borne from a spathe

10-12 mm ‘a at the base of the leaf; peduncles 8-10 mm long, concealed within the spathe; floral

bracts tubular, 7-8 mm long; pedicels 13 mm long; ovary 6 mm long; sepals ye llow, dorsal

: : umn:

verruculose, the base subtruncate with a glenion, concave on the end, hinged to the column

a terete, 2 mm long, 2 mm wide, the foot thick, obsolescent, with the anther, aaah i stigma

VENEZUELA: Tachira: below P4ramo de T4ma, near Colombian frontier, alt. a lee hg wed

1967, J.A. apeed & G.C.K. Dunsterville 98336 (Holotype: VEN; gt » NY); same

collection data, G.C.K. Dunsterville 73 (Paratype: VEN, MO), C. Luer illustr. 1719

This taxon is merely an immense variation of the frequent 8 heya sarees?

ed Acronia mic. di ntly it is limited in distribution —

icrocardia. Apparently have been found in the Oriente

easternmost Venezuela. Specimens approaching 1 - -rocardia because of the dis-

ers in

tinctness of the flowers with the individual sepals reaching four centimet

ength, and with the lip more than one centimeter long.

162 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia millei (Schltr.) Luer, comb. nov.

a ead for Father Louis Mille, S.J., who collected this spec:

is millei Schitr., Repert. Spec, Nov. Regni “ti ve 131, 1915.

“te Pleurothallis crassapex Luer, Selbyana 3: 90, 1976.

Ety.: From the 44% one “a ee <4 aye & rere to the iP of the labellum.

anil

ee slender, erect, to 35

cm long, with a tubular sheath below a vide and 2 other sheaths at the b Leaf i coriaceous,

oblong, subacute, acuminate, 10-12 cm long, 2-3.7 cm wide, the base s mhey gp reoets —

a single, successive flower, subtended bya reclining pcr oe ca. 1 cm long; peduncles with a

, the dorsal sepal a ellpical-ovat

subacute, 8.5 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sep

pal, 8.5 mm long, 4-5 mm wide; petals narrowly oblon bfal acute, wet ih 6.5 mm long, ca. 0.5

mm wide, 1-veined; lip labrous, oblong, obtuse, 4. 5 mm lon. ca. 2 mm wide, the apex hamate, in-

the disc with a glenion above the base, the base truncate, concave on the end, hinged to the

h the anther, rostellum and stigma apical

ECUADOR: Pichincha: interandine forests, L. Mille 35 (Holotype destroyed at B); between Quito and

Santo Domingo, alt. 1500 m, 3 Mar. 1975, C. Luer & R. Kent sole tery tie of P. crassapex: SEL,

Neotype of P. millei here desi gnated); same area, alt. 1200 m, 1 Dodso ien

1234 (SEL); sanes, old road from Quito to ly Desiabe wis 1400 m, 18 Mar. 1985,

G. Harling & L. Andersson 23090 (GB). Carchi: Maldonado, alt. 1550, 13 Apr. 1977, M.T. Madison

3901 (SEL), reser ve Chical, alt. 1 pep 1500 m, 25 ee 1979, A. my & G. Shupp 26600

This species is similar, both vegetatively and florally, to the multitude of species

most closely related to the Acronia bivalvis-complex. It is a large plant with elon-

gated ramicauls and oblong, subcordate leaves with a reclining spathe. The flowers

are basically similar, but distinguished by the acute sepals, with the dorsal three-

neines, ane ean oblong, entire petals; and an p pple. often more or less slightly

Pp eath with a broad, conical callus.

here ne (Luer & Hirtz) Luer, comb. - Nov. *

cabinet sewicslana ince A Hirt, sa ee to the sheaths, sepals and petals.

tum to |; in size,

sue oon tel Sy aprenden ne oer

i * . laceous, Ovate, acu cm .

bees the base sessile, cordate. Inflorescence g

inflated pathe ascicle of successive, single flowers, subtended

pe minutely mtmaltitig owe > peduncles 4-5 mm long; floral bular, 5-6 mm long; pedi-

Wile agi acd mm long; ovary densely short-pubescent, 3-4 mm long; sepals dark rusty

culate, the

broadly ovate,

concave, 4.5 mm long. 11 ’ i sepals connate into a

10 mm pp 3 oo wide, cae gina 10-veined; petals yellow, narrowly ovate, acute,

» the apex rounded with a ee —— with purple lines, thick, ovoid, 5.5 mm long, 5.5 mm

distal in purple,

ovate, obtuse, beaker gh mm wide, 9-(11-)veined, the lateral

al ca ‘ apiculum, the disc thickened on either side of a central, longitudin-

ty, the base thickened, subtruncate, hinged to the column-foot; column stout, terete 1mm long,

Oot thick, lescent, the anther anther, rostellum stigma apical.

EDUADOR: Morona-Santiago: Cordi

21 Ma ordillera del Condor, epi in east of a alt. 1750 m,

Y 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreento, & Tou (pale iBeloes

This species, known from on

unique i ique in the section with the densely short-

Ma |

ay of a large, deeply cordate leaf. The b road sepals are multiveined and cellu-

with a suleate dise {Ute and 3-veined; and the lip is thick, ovoid, obtuse

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 163

Acronia nephroglossa (Schltr.) Luer, ore nov

Greek nephroglossa, “kidney-tongued,” referrin tring to the shape of the labellum.

Bas.: Pleurothallis nephroglossa Schitr., ibis Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 8: 61, 1921.

Plant lar wha abey caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls stout, suberect to horizontal, 10-35 cm

long, with a tu pal ar sheath below the middle and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf suberect to g.

_— coriaceous, oblong-ovate, obtuse, to acute, shortly acuminate, 7-16 cm long, 4-6 cm wide, the

; e. a single flower, sometimes 2-3 y,

by a ‘eaitaine spathe 1.5-2.5 cm long; peduncles ca. 5 mm long, pink 4 within the sheath; floral

bracts inflated, 10-12 mm long; pedicels 12-15 mm long; ovary 8 mm long; sepals greenish brown to

rose-brown, with darker veins, fleshy, minutely short-pubescent ; t, the dorsal sepal ovate, acute, concave,

20-35 mm ee diay mm wide unexpanded, 7- to 9-veined,

ovate, acute synsepal, 21-30 mm long, 10-15 mm wide; petals greenish-orange, fleshy, oblong, obtuse,

ek eR Gp papillose, 11-12 mm long, hae mm m wide; Ii py Akt vr ican

papillose, transversely elliptical, suborbicular. ase, with the ape rounded and convex, 7

mm long, 8 mm sig the disc convex, with a flat g Jenion at th embracing

the column, concave on the end, hinged to the column-foot; column stout, 2 mm 1 long, 3 mm wide, the

foot thick, obsolescent, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

ECUADOR: Andes of Ecuador, 1857-59, R. Spruce 5439 (Holotype destroyed at B, Lectotype here

designated: AMES; Isolectype: C). Pichincha?: Monte veae fe June 1858, W. Jameson 5439 (K).

Napo: between eepiey cta and Baeza, alt. Egre m, 5 June 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S. Jeppesen, B.

Lojtnant & B. Ollgaard 6876 (AAU, AMES). M mbtgsira ts nape a - ae cantare he

2900-3100 m, 12 eae 1979, B. Lojtnant, A. & U. "Molau 14688 (AAU, GB); east

ualaceo and Limén, alt. 2800 m, 8 Mar. 1981, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz a cory leckiche My

Juan Bosco and Gualaceo. alt. 2800 m, 28 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 11000

or east of agin alt. 2750 m, 15 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, pauper ae & W. Teague +574

MO); san ag Ae 1990, A. Hirtz 5043 (MO egbuiacer peh ese

pi 8718 (MO). pci of Cumbe toward Girén, alt. 3000 m, 27 Feb. 1982, C. Luer & A. nS

033 (SEL), near Cuenca, penatets by Eduardo Sanchez, 6 Mar. 2001, C. Luer 19750 pg Loja:

oe north of Loja, alt. 2900 m, 1 May 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S. Jeppesen, B. Lajtnant shruges

pees (AAU). Zamora-Chinchipe: Nudo de Sabanilla, alt. 2800 m, 19 Feb. 1982, D. D Momaae 10

(SEL).

This large, robust species is relatively frequent and widely distributed on the

eastern slopes of the Andes of Ecuador. It is distinguished by the large, thick,

oblong, shortly acuminate leaf and one to three large, fleshy, simultaneous flowers.

e floral parts vary considerably with the variations found at random among the

collections. The sepals vary from 20 to 35 mm in length, from narrowly to broadly

ovate. The petals are fleshy, broad and coarsely papillose. The similarly papillose

lip is transversely suborbicular-elliptical, or reniform, broadly rounded at the

convex apex, and concave between cordate angles at the base. Schlechter’s rendi-

tion (1921: 61) is accurate except for the transposition of the dorsal sepal and the

Synsepal

Acronia nipterophylla (Luer) Luer, comb. nov. -

Ety.: From reek nipterophyllon, “‘basin-shaped feaf,” referring to the concave leal-

Bas.: Pleurothallis nipterophylla Luer, Selbyana 3: 148, 1976.

z en-

Plant 2 ne ners roots slender. Ramicauls slender, suberect, 7-12 cm long,

closed below dle by 2-3 tubular sheaths. Leaf spreading, ngs SO

Porte 5-5. Hal cm hak, 3.2-3.8 cm — expanded, the base sessile, z vely, subtended by a reclin-

overlapping. Inflorescence 1-3 er apes produced

ing spathe 10-12 mm ak peduncles ca. 2 mm concealed within the sheath; ee a

>; pedicels ca. 8 mm long; ovary coarsely pepllose hi hs mm long, 1.5 mm broad; — as tole 3

Purple, minutely concave, obtuse to to subacute, 4 35 mm

mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals connate into a ok concave, ovate, obtuse synsepal

long, 4 mm wide expanded; petals dark purple, fleshy, glabrous, oblong, acute,

; mm

Stout, 1 mm long, 1 mm wide, the foot thick, obsolescent, with the anther, rostell

164 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

ECUADOR: Zamora-Chinchipe: between Loja and Zamora, alt. 1500 m, collected 5 Aug. 1975, culti-

vated 14 Feb. 1976, C. Luer, G. Luer & Has Wilhelm 656 (Holotype: SEL).

Only one collection of this distinctive species is known. It is characterized by

rigidly concave leaves with cordate bases that incurve and overlap. One to three

small, deep purple flowers are borne within the cavity. The ovaries are coarsely

papillose. The lip is ovoid and deeply concave.

Acronia nitida (Luer) Luer, pecrne nov.

Ety.: From the the Latin nitidus, “ shiny, polished,” referring to the leaves.

gen 3: 352, 1977.

: Plant smal epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect or suberect, 3-6 cm long,

th 1-2 sheaths at the base. Leaf suberect or horizontal,

rigid, thickly coriaceous, elliptical-ovate, obtuse to subacute, 2.5-3.5 cm long, 1.4-1.8 cm wide, the base

le.

shallowly cordate, nt . Inflorescence a clemanpatie single, resupinate flower, produced successively,

from a spathe 5-6 mm long at the base of the leaf; pe les 2-3 mm long, concealed within the spathe;

floral bracts thin, ur, 3-5 mm long; pedicels 5 7 mm qo ovary 3 mm long; sepals dark purple,

fleshy, glabrous, the dorsal sepal ovate, subacute to ee, concave, 6 mm long, 4 mm wide, 3-veine 2%

6 mm long, 4 mm wide, 4-veined; petals purp

apt ce acute, cae 5 mm long, 1 mm wide excluding the fringe, 1-veined; lip purple, ee

obtuse, shortly acuminate, 3 mm long, 2 mm wide, with the margins minutely crenulate, with the

coy’ t, broadly rounded, flanking the column, the disc concave between thickened era

with wins See, Oe the bane truncate, . Shortly SRP hinged on the end to the base of the column; colum

PANAMA: intial dates Cerro Hornito, alt. hy 1 1976, C. Luer, A. Luer, R.L.

Dressler, N.H. Williams & F L Stevenson 1337 (Holotype: SEL SEL ertabe M Hs

This species, known only from western sy is related to Acronia dorothea,

A. excavata and A. sanchoi. Vegetatively, it is similar except that the thick leaves

are subcordate instead of broadly cuneate at the base; the flowers are purple-black

with fringed petals; and the lip is thickly ovate and crenulate with erect basal lobes.

bag nossax (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, comb.

- er with aisle awl ‘a chick, a young bird,” in ish to the appearance of the gaping

nossax Luer & R.Escobar, aE 14: 160, 1981.

terete, Bieta Wh size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect to suberect, slender,

ahs ephte aclose, tubular sheath sete the middle and 1-2 others at the base. Leaf

si horizontal, narrowly ovate, acute, 7-11 cm long, 22-28 mm wide, the

le Inflorescence a a large, gaping, solitary flower borne successively upon the leaf,

fugacious spathe at the base of the leaf: peduncle 1-2 mm long within the sheath;

mm long; pedicel 10 mm long; ovary sigmoid, 5 mm long; sepals membranous,

bove the middle, the dorsal sepal narrowly ovate, acute, concave

.37 mm long, 8 mm wide, 7-veined; lateral sepals connate into a

a yeni pr eaxipe nigh the "Sn og an = ae nsepal, 25 mm long, 5 mm wi

CO Onsntra. e-

Escobar etal. | ea a Q , alt. 2150 m, 15 Aug. 1974, R.

py Aebete Le same IAUM sed st La Coa ty M. & O. Robledo, 27 Jan. 1978, C. Luer

rhiedn SEL). area, “La Gallera,” alt. 2050-2300 m, 9 Aug. 1978, R. Escobar et al. 2417

Acin mw

blade of the le i , the large, gap

ed lip te a. Te i spa reflex above rae concave bases to reveal the point-

siLieet zene ng ui al. The lip

is remarkably long-un ying upon the down-curved synsep

mt ec unnn the

;

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 165

Acronia ee me Luer, — nov.

S obpyriformis, “obpryifo * referring t a the labellum.

Bas.: Pleurothallis adpsiaenie ins Saieden 3: 150, 1971

Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicaul horizontal, 2.5-5 cm long,

with a ree tubular sheath below the middle and 2-3 other sheaths at the base. bpeirk ace areh

ceous, narrowly ovate, 2.5-4 cm long, 0.7-1.1 cm wide, the base caneate, sessile, a suc-

cession Pe single flowers, borne from a spathe 4 mm long than |

m long, enclosed within the spathe; floral bracts tubular, 4.5 mm long; eae 4.5 mm pee ovary 2

mm long; sepals red- opens. som ie dorsal sepal elliptical, Subacute to obeaee, 4.5-5 mm long, 2-

2.5 mm wide, 3-veined, the 1 3.5-4.5 mm long, 3 mm

wide, 4- to 6-veined; Bra ea k red, linear-oblong, acute, 3.25-4 mm long, f + mm wide; ie lip red-

purple, thick, obpyriform to pti or subpanduriform, 2. 5- 3 mm long, 1.75- 21 mm wide, with t the apex

broadly rounded, the disc shallo trall hinged

re ~ column-foot; column #s "broadly terete, 1 mm long, 1 mm wide, the foot thick, obsolescent,

th the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

ECUADOR: Napo: tall, felled trees west of Tena, alt. ca. 500 m, 27 July 1975, C. Luer, G. Luer & 5.

Wilhelm 507 (Holotype: SEL).

This little species from the tops of tall trees of the rain forest is known only from

lowland, eastern Ecuador. It is most similar to Acronia acestrophylla from which it

is distinguished by the broader, narrowly ovate leaves; filiform petals; and a pyri-

form-shaped lip.

.: ~ ra 4 A leswatat

Acronia octavioi (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

Et . Bekaks in honor of Hermano Octavio Ospina of Sibundoy v

is species

thse Pleurothalls octavioi Luer & R-Escobar, Orquideologia 14: 164, 1981.

Plant ,ep iph nder. Ramicauls erect, slender, terete, 13-22

cm long, with a close, nike ai below the middle and 2 others at the base. Leaf spreading, —

ceous, narrowly ovate, acute, acuminate, 7-8.5 cm long, 2. 2-2. 7 coe mr the wee saath 1315

ence a solitary, non-resupir 1ate flower ais onion “ey

ong, from the base of the leaf, the peduncles enclosed, 5

10 mm long; ovary 6 mm peeee sepals light yellow: green, nthe middle sepal oblong, , obtuse, flat, i i

mm long, 8-9 mm wide, 3-v res cane

obtuse synsepal, 9-10 mm ag 12-13 mm wide,

falcate, 8 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, erose, acumina ‘ate, acute, the base dilated, ‘ewrcies apery

oblong, 5 mm long, 3.25 mm wide, obtuse, glandular-cellular, the sa ee

reflexed, concave; column stout, 1 mm long, 2 mm wide, with a broad,

Cit. dov and Mocoa. alt

COLOMBIA: Put fe bundo

2200 m, 20 Jan. 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer, O. Ospina et al. 3725 ae SEL); Valle de pam

cultivated by O. Ospina in Sibundoy, 31 July 1978, C. Luer 3095 a SEL). 1 1500-2000 m, m, F. rc

eira, cultivated by S. Tsubota, 10 May 1993, C. Luer 16758 (MO). Cauca: Nov. 1982, C. Luer & R.

Lehmann s.n. (K). Huila: Péramo de Purace, east of the pass, alt. 2450 m, 14 Nov.

Escobar 8398 (SEL). i

. * bd 4 i ROR:

This species of southern Colombia is characterized by the nasal a spread-

resupinate, pale yellow-green flower resting semi-erect on the s Fe odat while

ing, narrowly cordate leaf. The lip stands erect within the bagnte fe ie. os

the broad, flat middle sepal extends below. The petals curve up

Side.

Acronia oo (Luer) Luer, ever) nov.

” + labellum %

Ety.: From the Greek omoglossa, “shoul referring to the base of the

Bas.: Pleunothallis ws dk Luer, Selbyana a3 152, ids Ramicauls stout, erect, 7-37 cm

Plant medium in size to large, epiphytic, ore gaErenyes eae” Leaf erect to ext,

long, with a tubular sheath below the middle and 2 fay’ ee ae le, cordate.

Coriaceous, ovate to narrowly ovate, acute, 5-11 reerwen 23 mm long, con-

scence a single flower, subtended by a reclining patie? 12 mm long;

166 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

cealed within the spathe; floral bracts tubular, 5-8 mm long; pedicels 7-13 mm long; ovary 4-5 mm long;

sepals red-brown origin glabrous, the dorsal sepal peliphicel-ovate, obtuse, 7-10 mm long, 5.5-

rea Pb anesc tre 1 1, 6-8 mm lo ae ee

ticulate-erose, 5-7 mm long, 1.5- “1. 8 mm wide, 1-veined; lip

redo brown, oblong ovts clase to rounded at the apex, a 5mm long. 2. 15+ 3 251 mm wide, the disc

t the base, th

I ed, basal angles, shallow] mike end, hinged to the column-foot; column

stout, 1 mm — 2 mm wide, the foot thick, obsolescent, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

ECUADOR: Z Chinchipe: b Loja and Zamora, alt. 1000 m, collected 5 Aug. 1975, culti-

C. Luer, S. Dalstrsm, T. Héijer & J. phealyi 9618 (MO). Nihden See siallaae- Chiviaza, east of Lim6n, alt.

1300 m, 21 Oct., 1999, A. Hirtz, E. Sanchez & S. Marin 7031 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 20451. Pastaza:

Rio Negro, alt. 1500, 18 Mar. 1975, C. Luer, J. Luer & P. Taylor 673 (SEL).

eager Wilhelmina Mountains, alt. 900 m, 9 July 1981, R. Determann s.n. (SEL), C. Luer illustr.

This species of comparatiely low altitudes is closely allied to the Acronia bival-

vis-complex. It is distinguished by narrow leaves and small flowers; a three-veined

dorsal sepal; and proportionately large, oblong and denticulate petals. The petals

are sometimes as long as the synsepal. Most distinguishing is the lip with basal

angles that are slightly incurved from either side to the truncate base. The disc is

convex, and the lateral margins of the glenion are elevated.

— Gecneteca soot (Luer) ad comb. nov.

From the glossa, “a hook-shaped tongue,” referring to the shape of the lip.

Bas.: Ba: Paras oncoglossa rail Lindleyana 11: 86, 1996.

dprdg ts a cout roots slender. Ramicauls stout, erect, 10-45 cm long, with a

cee 2 other sheaths at uberect to spreading, coria-

cence rt act, Ki acuminate, 149 bias nike 4-7 cm wide, the base sessile, deeply cordate. Inflores-

le of successive red , borne on top of the leaf, subtended by

Pure nur pe wom 1-2cm long; peduncles 5-10 mm long, concealed within the spathe; floral bract infun-

Pe a long; pec 10-22 mm long; ovary 7-10 mm long; sepals glabrous, the dorsal se

ly su bles [S19 mm long, 12-17 mm wide, 9-veined, the lateral sepals connate into a broad-

ynsepal, 12-18 mm long, 15-20 mm wide, 10- to 12-veined; petals obliquely triangular,

ch . 2.5-4 mm wide, 3-veined; lip thick, triangular, 7-11 mm long, 5- tie

apex narrowly et incurved, the disc shallowly concave in the lower thir

mace erp at the base, the base tru ned on the deflexed end, hinged to the column-

— ror pyar 7s mm long, 4.5 mm wide, the foot thick, obsolescent, with the

mist Chie Dee pp in On data, collected by Leon grees cultivated by P. & A. Jesup in

ig C. Luer, J Sen K. Nr ef gyn 3 (Holotype: MO). Heredia: above San Jerénimo, 18 Sept.

S er icenstein 4219 (SEL). Cartago: near San Cristobal, alt. 1900

t J. Luer & K. Walter 4250 (S EL).

This nites Species is uncommon and local in Costa Rica. It is similar in all

common

respects to the ariable Acronia cardiothallis, the primary difference

and v

neck large, a nome triangular lip with a narrow, hook-like apex, an

an unknown

By: a ortepae ‘sp vote: hed nag enaph comb. nov.

Bas.: Pleurothallis ort g0 Ortega of Quito, Ecuador, co-discoverer of this species.

egae Luer & Hirt, Lindley a 174, 1996.

Ht large, epiphytic, Ca€spitose; roots slender. ith a

close, tubul > Ramicauls slender, erect, 15-25 cm long, wi

ar sheath on the lower third and 2 —_ sheaths at the base. Leaf coriaceous, acutely de-

cm wide, the i conca’

long, cellular. la-papillose; sepals li ts tubular, 7 icels 7 mm long;

aes light yellow, suffused wi p $s

ate, obtuse, 11 mm long, 9.5 mm 70-Jv ith purple m eaisity glabrous, the dorsa pal

)veined, the lateral sepals connate into a trans-

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 167

_ tt aoe with the apex rounded, 8 mm long, 11 mm wide, » 8-veined; petals yellow, ee

sp ati e, 7.5 mm long, 5 mm _— —, lip purp

mm we 5 mm with the apex obtusely e, with the — thickened and cellular a

lose, the aay cellular he basal lob

pone centrally to the column-foot; column stout, terete, 1 mm eee 2.5 mm broad, the foot thick,

bsolescent,

ECUADOR: Napo: epiphytic in forest near rant alt. ca. 1,500 m, 13 Aug. 1991, A. Hirtz & S.

Ortega 5400 (Holotype: MO). Sucumbios: above La Bonita, alt. 2300 m, 15 Mar. 1996, S. Dalstréim, S.

Ingram & K. Ferrell-Ingram 2157 (MQ).

This species from the eastern slopes of the cordillera of central Ecuador is relat-

ed to the sympatric Acronia cardiostola, but A. ortegae is distinguished by the

broad, oe glabrous sepals; entire, glabrous sagittate, unguiculate petals; and

tran ely cordate, concave lip with an obtusely acuminate apex. The margins of

the ae are thickened with the inner edge cellular-papillose. Similar papillae are

scattered over the surface of the concave disc where a large, flat glenion is visible.

Acronia orygmoglossa Luer & Dressler, sp. nov.

Ety.: From the or nintere te be rey lip.’ bereecy to the herent claw of the byt

Me synsepa late ovato, yee oblong denticulatis, | P F

medium ytic, ts slender. Ramicauls poate erect, 9-13 cm long,

witha a pet tubular ae on ie lower third and another sheath at the base. Leaf erect,

arrowly acute, 8-10 cm long, 2-2.5 cm wide, the base sessile le, cordate, Inflorescence a fascicle of

accede single flowers, borne from a slender, reclining spathe. at the base of the leaf, 8 mm long,

encl eordor§ ary ncles, eglanene had tape ng: floral brac arsgeenien i pos van gut i

bee

sepa i

a eo light yellow-green, oblong, dec aie acute, denticulate, 5 mm long, 1 mm wide, I-

veined red-brown, haem obtuse, minutely denticulate, 3. 5 mn long, 2 2 mm wide, enw

one third the length of th g rae channeled col

ing posteriorly led cl 1 mm long, firml spe obso-

column stout, semiterete, 1 mm sie: 1 mm broad, the foot pester and channeled, 1 mm long,

lescent, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

PANAMA: Chiriqui: Camp Hornito, Fortuna dam site, alt. 1000-1200 m, 13 Aug. 1976, RL. Dressler

5351 (Holotype: SEL), C. Luer illustr 20444.

This species from Wests Panama is unique in

once by Dressler in 1976 i se “ad de al recurves

. The leaves are , capeowhy ovate and long-acute. The ai denticulate.

the middle, and is concave above the middle. The petals are oe that is fi

The lip is held forward from the synsepal by an elongated column- ast deep cleft

attached to an elongated, channeled claw. The claw is continuous with a

at the base of the lip. No close relatives are known.

the genus. It) was collected

Acronia a oxapampae (Luer) Luer, comb. nov. seme the species was collected.

Bas.: Pleurothallis oxapampae Luer, Selbyana 7: 121, 1982. ‘

bape ' Ramicauls slender, erect, 5-9 cm long, with a

Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. ect to suberect, coriaceous,

tubular sheath below the middle and 2 other bears at the base. Leaf yee. fnflecescrace a single

narro 2 , the base sessile, :

wly ovate, acute, 3-6.5 cm long, 1-1.7 cm wide, the 7-10 mm long; peduncles 2 mm long,

within the sheath; floral bracts tubular, 8 mm long: lateral

dark purple, glabrous, the dorsal sepal ovate, acute, 7 mm de: petals dark purple, narrowly

sepals connate into an ovate, acute synsepal, 7 mm long, 5 mm i: lip dark purple, narrowly

oblong, acute, pubescent, denticulate, 5 mm long, 0.8 mm wide, ee

flower, produced successively, subtended by a reclining spathe icels 10 mm long; ovary 3 mm long;

P wide, 3-veined,

168 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

oblong with revolute margins, 4 mm long, 1 mm wide, 2 mm across the dilated base, the apex acute,

shortly acuminate, incurved, the base obtusely angled, wi with a small pi shortly unguiculate, shallow.

ly ve on the end, hi , | mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the foot thick,

| mm long, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

PERU: Pasco: forest south of Oxapampa, alt. 1800 m, 31 Jan. 1979, C. Luer & J. Luer 3830 (Holotype:

SEL).

This species, known only from the original collection, is apparently endemic in

central Peru. It is characterized by the small habit with narrowly ovate leaves; an

acute dorsal sepal and synsepal; narrow, pubescent-denticulate petals; and a narrow

lip with recurved sides, with an incurved, apiculate apex, and a dilated base.

Acronia palliolata (Ames) Luer, comb. nov.

af ‘From the Latin awk we “pale sided, ”’ without obvious reference.

mes, Proc. Bot. Soc. Wash. 35: 86, 1922.

Plant ae

i slender. Ramicauls slender, ne egs to

horizontal, 8-17 cm fe with a nar. ate sheath on the lower half and 2 ae sheaths at the base.

Leaf suberect to horizontal. c coriaceous, ovate, acute, 7-8.5 cm long, 2.5-4 cm wide, the nae pany

cordate. ascicle of successive, single flowers, sometimes two borne simultane-

ously, subtended by a narrow spathe | cm long: peduncles 2-3 mm long; floral eh tubular, 5 mm

pedicels 5 mm long; ovary 7 mm long; sepals yellow, sates with red-brown, glabrous, the

dorsal sepal broadl y ov. Ovate, obtuse, deeply concave, 18-20 mm ong, 17 mm wide, 11- to 13-veined, the

lateral Sepals connate into an ovate, obtuse synsepal, concave ped the middle, 15 mm long, 11 mm

wide; petals red, falcate, narrowly obtuse, fimbriate, 7 mm long, 2 mm wide, 3-veined; lip red, mare

transversely ovate, concave, 6 mm long, 65 mm wide, the disc with 2 pair of calli at the base, the

subtruncate, concave on the end, hinged to the column-foot; column stout, terete, 2 mm long, s mm

wide, the foot thick, obsolescent, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

Glokyye: Kl Algae an ap edges i ge 1920, obtained from C.H. Lankester 192

©, cultivated at Lankester Garden, 28 Dec. 1999, M. Blanco 1062 (USJ). Puntarenas: Reserva

Nuboso, Dec. 1984, R.L. Dressler 218 (USI). Cartago: Colorado, near Turrialba,

PANAMA: Chiriqui (W); Cascajal, alt. 5,500 ft., July 1919, CH. Lankester 62 (K);

6619 (MO). Fortuna dam site, alt. 1200 m, 7 Feb. 1985, H. van der Werff & C. van Hardeveld

First collected

by Endres half b

Lankester, A. palli a century (ca. 1869) before it was sent to Kew by

leaved by ‘olata is easily distinguished from other medium-sized, cordate-

dorsal ae ee Oe large, bot widely expanded flower with a deeply concave

‘pal, and a synsepal concave below the middle to accommodate the com-

paratively large lip. The falcate, fringed petals surround the lip. The lip is trans-

versely ovate, Concave, and with two pairs of basal calli.

By: mle i es Het nov.

Plearathalis panda ser ‘violin- ” referring to the shape of the lip.

PagapD Leer & Hinz, Lindleyana 11° 175, 1996.

with pebapree: tubular chon eye Caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 11-16 cm long,

: spew b> sony aes quarter and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf erect to suberect,

of sag t ~S. ile, deeply cordate. Inflorescence 4

successive, single flowers, borne on top of the leaf. cabtecd sded by ieee i

Petals brown, obliquely obon sn pybrspenga es se ppacisdeny paceniing 4-vein

with minutely crenulate en cue: 5 mm long, 1 mm wide, 1-veined: li duriform,

Cfenullate margins, 4 p or rown, pan :

small callus beneath. the mm long, 3 mm wide below | middle, the apex broadly obtuse with

glenion ¥

teamed a conical, basal callus with a small

x sum, nd With low pio ee VW: puget

coo who vipenatacateest lumn stout, terete, 0.5 mm long, the foot thick, obso-

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 169

a. ee Dinecdill LS £ cr rc.

CONC pe

alt. 1650 m, 18 May 1988, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores, A. Andreetta & W. ~ee 13444 (Holotype:

This species, found in the Cordillera del Condor in southeastern Ecuador, is

distinguished by the medium habit with slender ramicauls that bear ovate, acute,

cordate leaves. The flowers are not remarkably different from many others: an

obtuse, three-veined dorsal Sepals an acute synsepal; and oblong, denticulate petals.

The lip, however, i Ili

the middle third, and a callus at the base with a small glenion at the summit.

Acronia pansamalae ( rae F Le sine ae nov.

Ety.: Named for the Commun: Guatemala, near where the

o : Phewrpinallis pansamalae Schl Reet Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 354, 1912.

& Marg, Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 120, 2001.

Plant medium in size, sity caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, ead 7-17 cm long,

hick a ie heer sheath below the middle and 2 other ces at the base. Leaf erect to spreading,

co ovate, acute, 5-8 cm long, 1.5-2.5¢ de, the base sessile, shallowly cordate.

Poa amir a successive, eis flower, ‘ebioadah by as exes 8-11 mm long at the base of the leaf;

auarys 2-3 mm long, within the spathe; floral bracts tubular, gee: mm pig on 5 mm long;

yellow-t browr

aah yt 3- 3.3 5 mm long, 2-2.5 mm \ wide, 3-veined,

synsepal, 3-3.5 mm long, ; Z a mm wide expanded, 4-veined petals sh red to na hore , oblong,

acute, 2.5 mm long, 0.6-0. wide, 1-veined, the margins microscopically irregular; lip dull red to

~~ suffused wit! a pepiual? y ncaa obtuse, with minutely crenulate margins, | 1,75 mm

long, 1.75 mm wide, the apex broadly obtuse, minutely apiculate, the base cordate, deflexed below a

glenion, concave on the end, hinged to the column-foot; column stout, 1 mm long, the foot thick, with

the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz: Pansamal, a 3,800 ft., Oct. 1886, H. von Tiirckheim 797

designated: US; : AMES, BR, K);

Tiirck-

io m, Aug. 1912, H. von ae mb 3809 (M, W); same area, alt. 1350 m, Nov. 1907, abe:

heim II 1538 (BR, US). Baja Verapaz: Purulhd, between El Progresso and Coban, alt. sae Slag

Jan. 1967, T.B. Croat & D.A. Hannon 63733 (MO). wens Montafias del Nico, west of Santo

Castilla, alt. 600 m, 19 Aug. 1988, W.D. Stevens et al. 25580 (MO).

BELIZ: oot Southern Mayo Mts., vicinity of Doyle’s Delight, alt. 1000 m, 8 Dec. canes taal

15289 (M Edwards 268

HONDURAS: Comayagua: Siguatepeque, El Achote, alt. 3,900 ft., 28 Sept. pes eodeee

(AMES); same locality, alt. 1800 m, 1 Aug. 1936, 7.G. Yuncker et al. 6248 (K)-

This Guatemalan and Honduran species is characterized by the seit ne

leaf and a small, brownish flower with obtuse sepals about ne agate :

The lip is less than two millimeters long and broad. It is broadly aja

deflexed below the middle, and held against the undersurface of ade hide of

The description and distribution given by Ames and sulishe which they

Guatemala, 1953, pp. 243, 244, probably include A. phyllocardioides,

had not considered.

Acronia paquishae (Luet) Luer,comb.10V. ase is species wascollte

Bas.: Pleurothallis paquishae Luer, Lindleyana 11: 176, 1996.

: slender, erect, 7-15 em long,

Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. 48

pip wer Po ake base. Leaf spreadinf or

acute synsepal, ong, 6 mm wide, 4-veined; petals red brown, capa eons

acute, minutely nian 9.5 mm long, | mm wide, 1-veined; lip deep velvety shallowly

Minutely spiculate, denticulate, 5.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the 6 ee a narrowly flattened on the end,

channeled, ~ a small glenion at the base, the bas wide, the foot thick,

hinged to the col mn-foot; column stout, se ee amine 15

170 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

ECUADOR: Zamora-Chinchipe: Cordillera del Condor, epiphytic in wet forest near the P quisha mili

tary camp, alt. 1600 m, 1987, F L Stevenson 89-1217-5 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 16318. Napo:

above Archidona, alt. ca. 1500 m, July 1975, C. Luer, G. Luer & S. Wilhelm 516 (SEL).

PERU: Chachapoyas, Pampa del Tio, between Quitachi and Las Tinas, alt. 2000 m, 5 July

1991, C. Diaz et al. 4589 (MO). Loreto: Pumayacu, between Balsapuerto and Moyobamba, alt. 600-

1200 m, Aug.-Sept. 1933, G. Klug 0114 (MO).

This species is known from the Cordillera del Condor of southeastern Ecuador

and adjacent Peru. It is similar to many other species characterized by a more or

less horizontal, ovate, acute leaf deeply cordate at the base. The flower is borne on

top of the leaf. The sepals are acute, the dorsal narrow and three-veined; the widely

spread, proportionately long, narrow petals are minutely denticulate; and the lip is

ovate, obtuse and minutely spiculate with a small glenion at the base.

Acronia peculiaris (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin peculiaris, “peculiar,” in allusion to the unusual features for the section.

Bas.: Pleurothallis peculiaris Luer, Selbyana 3: 158, 1976.

Syn.: Zosterophyllanthos peculiaris (Luet) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 120, 2001.

Plant medium to large in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, with

eet at below the middle and 2-3 shorter sheaths at the base, 15-38 cm long. Leaf acutely

flexed, dull green, indistinetly spotted with purple, coriaceous, narrowly cordate-ovate, acuminate and

curved up above the middle to the acute apex, 12-15 cm long, 3-3.75 cm wide, the base sessile, deeply

the I ascicle of solitary, successive, non-resupinate flowers

or an ¢rect to suberect, conduplicate spathe, 11-15 mm long, at the base of the leaf: peduncles 2

— 8 confined ; floral b thin, 5-6 mm long; pedicels 10-12 mm long; ovary 7

broadly cePals dark red, cellular-glandular, long-pubescent toward the margins, the middle sepal

ware y perp ag: long, wide, 3-veined, ateral sepals connate into an oblong-obo-

dark ynsepal apex mm long, 5 mm wide, 4-veined, with the sides recurved; pe

long-pubescent, widely expanded, obovate-s

i - thick ~spathulate, obtuse, 6 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, 3-

pper ceria: lens ew an ely subtriangular-trilobed, 3.5 mm long, 5 mm wide, the apex round-

bifid calls at the he angles acute, below the middle, the disc sparsely verrucose centrally with a

base, the base deflexed, flattened on the end, hinged to the column-foot; column stout,

2mm ‘ong, 2 mm broad, the anther and bilobed stigma apical, the foot 2 mm long.

PANAMA: Veragua I

Sept. | c Piphytic in cloud f i divide above Santa Fe, alt. ca. 700

of : oye C Luer & RL. Dressler 1142 (Holotype: SEL). Coclé: above El Potroso sawmill, north

Op* alt. 1200-1300 m, 13 May 1981 K. Syesma & L. Andersson 4562 (MO).

an Acronia troglodytes, this species is apparently

Acronia peculiaris is characterized by the acutely

a eee

lobe rounded and verrucose

gene bee ed (Luer) Luer, comb. noy,

ae. eek pelicophora, “bowl-bearing,”” referring to the concave lip.

— haltis pelicophora Luer, Rev. Soc. Bol. Bot. 3, 57, 2001

daha xn we an Cplehiyic, Caespitose; . Ramicauls slender, erect, 7-15 mm long,

fanny eee lower quarter and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf spreading, coria-

Sous, ovate, acute, 4.5-6 cm long, 2.3-2.7 cm wide, the base sessile, cordate. a fascicle of

subtended

sepals i

brous, linear-; acute, 6 mm } Synsepal, mm long, 4.5 mm wide, 4-veined; petals tan, gla-

concave, 3.25 mm long, 2.5 7 ini tong, | mm wide, 3-veined; lip purple, glabrous, ovate, subacute,

transversely thickened, flat on the se Concave, smooth, with a faint glenion at , the base

terete, 1 mm long and wide, he ‘aan articulated with the column-foot; column stout,

a "K, Obsolescent, with the and stigma apical.

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 171

ECUADOR: El Oro: without more specific locality, cultivated by J & L Orchids 8 May 1996, C. Luer,

17868 (Holotype: MO).

This species is known from a single collection in southwestern Ecuador. Vege-

tatively, it is not distinct, nor are the ovate dorsal sepal and synsepal, and the linear-

oblong petals, but the lip is like no other in the section. It is held erect from the

center of the flower by an articulation between the stout base of the column, or the

rudimentary foot, and the base of the lip. The lip is ovate, subacute, concave, and

smooth, with the base transversely thickened to form the flat end that fits snugly

against the rudimentary column-foot.

Acronia penelops (Luer) Luer, comb. a.

.: From the Greek penelops, “‘a kind of duck,” in allusion to the appearance of the flowers.

Bas.: Pleurothallis Peery Luer, peng hes pe “87 1978.

Plant amicauls slender, erect, with a

tubular sheath below the middle ty Oe 3 paw sheaths at the base, 8- a cm long. Leaf acutely d val

flexed, hanes Es narrowly cordate-ova

8-12 cm long, 1.5-2 cm wide, the base ney cordate. Inflo rescence a fascicle of solitary, successive,

une flowers wens from an suberect to declining, conduplicate spathe, 12-15 mm long, at the base

of the a5 swe les 2-3 mm long, Spe within the spathe; floral bracts thin, 7-10 mm long; eae

7-10 mm long; sah 5 mm long; sepals dark purple, acutely reflexed. xed, the dorsal sepal broadly

elliptical, oa 10% mm long, 8 mm wide, Seinen: i. lateral sepals cellular-glandular, connate into a

broadly el ide: m long, 7 mm wide expanded, 4-veined; petals

dark purple, glabrous with minutely serrulate margins, pores reflexed, ovate, obtuse, subunguiculate, 9

mm ae 3 mm wide, 3-veined; lip dark purple, thick, protruding, ovoid, 5.5 mm jong, 4 mm wide, the

apex rounded, the disc shallowly channeled above a basal glenion, cellular-papillose centrally, the base

white, mma icalane. hinged to the column-foot; column white, stout, 1.5 mm long, 1.5 mm broad, the

anther and bilobed stigma apical, the foot obsolescent.

ECUADOR: Morona-Santiago: jeg y in cloud forest east of Paute toward the dam oe alt. 1700 m,

10 July 1977, C. Luer, J. Luer, G. Luer & A, Andreetta 1659 (Holotype: SEL); epiphytic in orest around

Campamento Guarumales, alt. 1650 m, 24 Mar. 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer, 7 Andreetta ps L thei

O).

15241 (Mi

Closely related to Acronia cardiostola, this species is apparently endemic in the

Paute valley in southeastern Ecuador where it is not uncommon. It is identified by

the deflexed, narrowly cordate leaf that curves up beyond the middle; a deflexed

spathe; and a dark purple flower with acutely reflexed sepals and petals, and a

protruding lip and white column.

— a perijaensis (Dunst.) Luer, comb.nov.

Be peghvegs peers Dunst., , Selbyana 2: 210, 1978.

-) Selach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 120, 2001.

- der. Ramicauls slender, erect, with

it medi slender.

a tubular sheath below the middle and 2-3 shorter sheaths at the base, 12-30 m cad pacar ey vi

ang coriaceous, narrowly cordate-ovate, evel up above ive, re i

ong, 2-5 cm wide, the base sessile, condate. Inflorescence

flowers borne from a erect te spathe, 1-2 cm long, at the base of the leaf; om eed! : st

long, Lee Mess the e spathe; ie; floral bracts thin, 7-10 mm long; — va ada ome dorsal

e; sepals brownish, heavily suffused with dark purple, cellular enry deaaie iho &

aly pails obtuse, 11-16 mm long, 8-12.5 mm wide, 7-veined, the isnexal ore

mm wide 6-vei

obtuse with revolute sides, 12-17 mm long, 8-14 mm tely reflexed, ovate, acute,

petals d. eh purple, Learebgunoinds an minutely serrulate margins, aged protruding, ovoid, 5-7

ii sea hee on nee poo: mm wide, 3-veined; lip purple to = with verrucose margins, the

mm long, 4.5-6 mm aera the disc se coarsely verrucose at the base, the base subun-

callus

verrucae arranged more or less in longitudinal rows, w subco a cabs and

guiculate, tren gar to the column-foot; column purple, stout, 2. 5 mm long, 4 mm broad,

gma apical, the foot obsolescent

172 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

VENEZUEL A: Zulia piphyti in | co CO Tey * ee Neer: de Perij4 on

h der, alt. ca. 1550 m, March 1972, J.A. Asean ie CK.

& E. Dunsterville 105666 Holoype: ‘VEN; rire AMES).

d Ragonvalia, alt. 2050 m, 9 May 1982,

C. Luer, J. aps R. Escobar & D. gcse 4G (SEL).

pe: Co’ del Condor, east of Paquisha, alt. 1200 m, 23 Jan. 1992, C.

Luer, n Luer, A. Jesup, P. Jesup & A. aang 161215 (MO).

This species is apparently rare, but widely distributed from western Venezuela

to southeastern Ecuador. It is characterized by the deflexed, narrowly cordate leaf

that curves up beyond the middle; an erect, foliaceous spathe; and a dark purple

flower with reflexed petals, and a markedly verrucose, protruding lip.

A eramia kl

(Luer) T uer, comb. no

Ety.: From the Greek ns “pin-headed,” ahs to the minute flowers.

Bas.: P. Selbyana 1: 262, 1975.

hala (Luer) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 120, 2001.

Plant it very ate boiplintic: dase ibae: roots acs . Ramicauls suberect, a 2-6 cm long,

enclosed below the middle by aclosely appressed, salle: sheath and nga 1-2 sheaths at the base

more or less suffused with purple, spreading, thickly coriaceous, rigi ave, rien acute, 25-33

mm long, 15-21 Imm wide, the = sibs deeply cordate with the iat overlain g. Inflorescence a

single, ended by a spathe 4-6 mm

long on top of me leaf; cola ea. ca. 1mm long floral bracts thin, tubular, 34 mm long: pedicels 2-4

mm long; ovary 1-2 mm long; flowers very s' rose-brown or e dorsal sepal

esac dg ovate to orbicular, obtuse, concave, 2. : mm long, 1. 7s mm wide, 2. 5 mm iat expanded e's

, obtuse synsepal, 2-2.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, 4-

ned; petals red, entire, EPA te acute, 2-2.5 pm ae 0.5 mm es 1-veined; lip rose, e, thick,

ct oratn, obtuse, 1-1.25 mm an hi sbi 5 mm wide, the disc thi ened centrally, without a

terens ee eink base su fae column erect, stout,

mm long, 0.8 mm broad, the foot tick oe the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

;

Cun +

ECTIATND. >

and Zamora,

& B. Osea. 3765 (AAU); same area, alt.

ri 1600

atau ioe ba 1600 m, Ane. 1985, D. D’Aless-

hua: 1980, D. . 55-005 (SEL). Tungura-

abovi 16

PERU, amee ie a 570m, 2 ly 1971, S. Moe ‘acBryde 663 (SEL

13503 (NA), C, pe ye 18593, pee ce: m foes shove Villa Ric, al

bove Villa Rica, alt.

1770 m, 13 Dee. | D. Bennett & M. Chase 406, ee taeda in elfin pe forces above Villa

Peru This smal species is found locally in southeastern Ecuador and neighboring

- A Tew tiny, brownish, suborbicular flowers are borne at the base of a horizon-

tal, rigidly concave, deeply cordate |

ovate, concave and obtuse: the red

pererieste ane re uns) seg is oblong-ovate. The callus on the center of

specimens. The mitre Po ption is reduced to a low, indistinct callus in other

the lip, :

ly to the thick base of die ca) P, without any deflexion, is attached on the end direct

cg Named in honor “8 ) — ek aang

Perry, M.D.

Bas.: see pay Selbyana 3: 174, i ere eens Ns rom:

Plant medium j |

a —< tubular hea hocate, nim ytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, with

exed, coriaceous, cordate-ovate, 9.] € and 2-3 shorter sheaths at the base, 20-35 cm long. Leaf de-

6 cm long, 3-6 cm wide, the apex acute, the base deeply cordate,

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 173

ce a fascicle of solitary, successive te fl fi

sessile. I

aca jimereaems spathe, 10-15 mm long, at the base of the | leaf; petiers: 2-3 mm ane confined

within the spathe; floral bracts thin, 5 mm long; ear t 10-11 mm oe ovary pine mm long; sepals

green wit oe rose to ig sdemding veins, long-ciliate th use, 6.5-11 mm

ig 6.5-11 mm wide, 9-v t ara g synsepal, 7-

10 mm long, 8-11 mm wide en -veined; petals colored as the Soa pina bade: ciliate, obovate.

obtuse, 4-6.5 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, 3 2 _ transversely

es 3.5-4 mm long, 3.75-5 mm wide, the area obtush thelnaal gh h erect, the

sc lightly convex above the middle, lightly concave and verrucose below the middle on either side of a

lesion, -~ ree. narrowly flattened on the end, hinged to the ‘column-foot; column ad 1 mm long,

ECUADOR: El pel Le eee in bhay ss tee 10 Km west of Piiias, alt. 900 m, 6 Aug. 1979, C.H.

Dodson, H. & P. Morgan, A. & R. Perry 8634 dames — - Luer illustr. 4125; cloud forest south

of Pifias, alt. 950-1000 m, 20 Mar 1985, C r, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10662 (MO). Cafiar:

betweem Duran ~= Tambo, alt. 900 m, 2 8 “1960, C.H. mina 118 (SEL). Azuay: east of Jesus

with Cafiar, alt. 780 m, 12 April 1980, A. Gentry, C. Bonifaz & R. Horna 28507 (MO,

SEL); Cordillera del Molleturo, above Rio Shumiral, alt. 1100 m, 27 Jan. 1992, C. Luer, J. Luer, A.

Jesup, P. Jesup & A. Hirtz 16188 (MO)

This species is apparently endemic at relatively low altitudes in southeastern

Ecuador. In habit it is most similar to Acronia cardiostola with large, cordate

leaves and a conspicuous, more or less erect, foliaceous spathe. The flowers are

superficially similar to those of A. troglodytes. Acronia perryi is distinguished by

striped, long-ciliate sepals; broadly obovate, obtuse, ciliate petals; and a transverse-

ly cordate-ovate lip.

Acronia a persimilis (Luer & Hirtz) Luer, comb. nov.

rsimilis, * — similar,” milarity to A. coriacardia Rchb.f.

n persi referring

Bas.: aoe sepaas Luer & Hirtz, Orquideologia 12: 268, 2003.

Plant medium i epiphytic, slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 12- 17 cm long,

with a close, tubular sheath on the lower third and 2 other oper at the base. Leaf erect, coriaceous,

narrowly linear-ovate, acute, 7) Vr bee. 1.5-2 cm wide, the base sessile, Iw

Inflorescence a single, succes wer, borne from a narrow spathe 5-7 mm long at the base of the

leaf; peduncles 3-4 mm long withi in raake floral bracts tubular, 7-8 mm vig) s 10 mm long;

ovary 4 mm long; sepals sepals brown, the dorsal with wide, purple-brown ve gna pem

glandular-cellular, the dorsal sepal elliptical, acute, acuminate, 13 mm hey mm rans ti +

lateral sepals connate into an ovate, acute synsepal, 13 mm long, 6 mm wide, 4-veined;

narrowly oblong-triangular, acute, minutely qpaene: 8 mm long, 1.

oblong, obtuse, convex, cellular-verrucose, 6.5 mm long, 3 mm w wide, with a small carat ere bei aE

the base subtruncate, o> on the end,

1 mm wide, the foot thick, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

ECUADOR: El Oro: forest above Zaruma, alt. 1800 m, 1 Feb. 1987, C. Luer, J- Luer & A. Hirtz 1256.

(Holotype: MO).

The flower of this graceful species of southwestern Ecuador resembles one of

Acronia coriacardia, but the petals are elongate and longer than the es a3 ond

collection has been seen. Vegetatively, it is slender with a narrowly ovate | =

sepals are brown, acute and microscopically cilate. The petals are narrow, 2

and denticulate, and the lip is oblong and covered with minute verrucae.

Acronia phyllocardia (Rchb.f.) Luer, comb nov

wa the leaf.

Ety.: From the Greek phyllocardia, ‘‘a heart-like leaf, in reference tothe shape of

Bas.: Pleurothallis phyllocardia Rchbf., =e, Oak c entro. Amer. ps

Syn.: Pleurothallis triangulabia, C-Schweinf., Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 2 |

Ety.: From the Latin t pemeueles eoiaha triangulec lip in reference to

Syn.: Zosterophyll ius (Rchb.f.) Szlach. & Marg., neat

ree

J. 46(2): 120, 2001.

174 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Plant medi ize to large, epiphytic, caespit lender. Ramicauls slender, erect, with a

long, tubular sheath below the middle and 2-3 shorter sheaths at the base, 12-30 cm long. Leaf deflexed,

i broadly cordate-ovate, more or less concave, 7-16 cm long, 3.5-7 cm wide, the apex acute,

date witt lapping lot Inflorescence a fascicle of solitary, successive,

the h

the base deeply date pping sessile i

non-resupinate, dark purple flowers borne from a suberect, conduplicate spathe, 2-2.5 cm long, at the

base of the leaf; peduncles 2-3 mm long, confined within the spathe; floral bracts thin, 3-5 mm long;

pedicels 10-15 mm long; ovary 6-7 mm long; sepals glabrous, the middle sepal ovate, acute, 12-15 mm

long, 8-9 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepal i te synsepal, 10-15 mm long, 7-8 mm

wide, 4-veined; petals oblong, acute, minutely denticulate, 7-10 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, 1-veined; lip

red-purple, ovate-triangular, 3.5 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, the apex obtuse, the basal angles subacute, the

disc cellular-papillose above the middle, lightly concave below the middle on either side of a glenion, the

b ly flattened on the end, hinged to the column-foot; column stout, 1 mm long, 2 mm broad,

} the fant a

o tr J

th antie. 1 7 .

COSTA RICA: Alajuela: Desengajio, 31 May 1858, H. Wendland 973 (Holotype: W). Without locality,

alt. 7,000 ft., ca. 1867, A. Endres 189, 383 (W). Cartago: Alfaro Ruiz, Palmira, alt. 840 m, 4 July 1925,

A.M. Brenes 138a (holotype of A. triangulabia: AMES); same locality, alt. 2300 m, 16 July 1938, A.

Smith H-932 (AMES, K). Heredia: Volc : Poasito, alt. ca. 2000 m, 12 Sept. 1979, C. Luer,

J. Luer, K.S. Walter & C. Todzia 4133 (K, SEL); Atlantic slope of Volc4n Barva, alt. 700 m, 5 Apr.

1986, M.H. Grayum & C. Jermy 6791 (MO); border be j

re tween Alajuela and Puntarenas, near TV tower,

i lune 1989, 89-239 (K, S Puntarenas: Monteverde, road to TV tower,

alt. 1700 m, 24 Aug. 1985, W.A. Haber 2350 (MO); Coto Brus, La Amistad Biosphere Reserve, alt

. Rome 8 : we Si

‘ 800 m, 21 July 1980, J.§M. MacDougal 819 (DUKE, MO); Cerro Chiripo, sendero al

19001 1 May 1993, T. Dumbeck s.n. (USJ). Limén: Talamanca, canyon of Rio Sini, alt.

Pa i200 m, 15 Sept. 1984, G. Davidse & G. Herrera 29171 (MO).

27 June-13 July 1935 cides Rio Chiriqu{ Viejo, vicinity of Monte Lirio, alt. 1300-1900 m,

alt. 2500 m, 14J RJ. Seibert 269 (K, MO); trail from Cerro Punta to headwaters of Rio Caldera,

Sept. 1976, C. Lrer & Hf Bega tt Allen 1468 (MO); Bajo Grande above Cerro Punta, alt. 2200 m, 10

H. Butcher 1209 SEL), Cone ene end above Guadalupe, alt. 2500 m, 13 Sept. 1976, C. Luer &

& A. Bolten 7286 (MO). near Costa Rican border, alt. 2000-2400 m, 20 July 1975, S. Mori

This species is known from C tn Ric : | 4

in the middle of the last cen osta Rica where it was first collected by Wendlan

par, betas ply cordate leaf; a dark purple flower emerging from an erect

— ; facing downward. The sepals are acute; the petals are most

BEE y narrowly oblong; and the lip is transversely triangular and obtuse with

at angles subacute. The disc is cellular-papillose above the middle and shal-

y concave below the middle to either side of the glenion.

nea nebyllocardioides (Schitr.) Luer, comb. nov.

wil each resemblance to Pleurothallis phyllocardia Rchb.f., a much larger plant

Bas.: Pleurothallis phyllocardioides

Syn.: P. i :

Biy.: Named Malis acostaei Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 19: 285, 1923.

2 Slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 3-15 cm long, with a

acute, 3-7 cm long wa other sheaths at the base. Leaf spreading, coriaceous, ovate,

ive, si Hives reo base sessile, deeply cordate. Inflorescence a fascicle of succes-

spathe long: owers, on top of the leaf, subtended by

long; pedicel 5 mm long: net meter, mm long within the spathe; floral bract tubular, 4-5 mm

subacute obtuse = sepals the d 1 tt a4 ee lovate

3 re ae =. 2-3 mm wide, ee 7 cs é yd ate te :

Synsepal, 3-5 mm - : pal te int use

ee ee, eee eee ——e

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 175

denticulate, 2-3 mm long, 0.5-0.8 mm wide, 1-veined; lip cordate-ovate, obtuse, often with a

irregular margins, 1.5-2 mm long, 1.5-1.8 mm wide, the disc flat to slightly convex, with a glenion

base, the base subcordate, narrowly flattened on the slightly deflexed base, hinged to nie shes

column semiterete, 0.5 mm long, 1 mm wide, the foot thick, obsolescent, with the . rostellum and

stigma apical.

Representative collections:

a RICA: Alajuela: Haies, near San Ramon, alt. 1025 m, June 1922, A.M. Brenes 290 (Holotype of

A. phyllocardioides destroyed at ri fragment: AMES 56387, illustr. of type); vicinity q igo Ramén,

1921, G. Acosta s.n. (holotype of S 56388,

illustr. of type); La Palma de San Arie , alt. 1000 m1 12 June 1923, A.M. B 603 (AMES). Carta-

go: vicinity of og 30 Mar. 1924, PC. Standley 3968 7 (AMES); Taos, 11 Dec. 1964, alt. 1000 m, R.L.

Dressler 340 (USJ). Heredia: Rio Sees near Cariblanco, alt. 850 m, 24 Apr. 1956, L.O. Williams

he ou 20329 (EAP, SEL). San José: Rese Carara, alt. 500-600 m, 24 Apr. 1988, =

um & J. Kress 8578 (CR, MO). aitarion — de Osa, Cerro | alt 250-300 m, |

ele 1993, Morales 739 (USJ). Lim6n: Talamanc

alt. 200-400 m, 4 Sept. 1988, M. Grayum, G. Fea é. R. Robles 8763 (CR, MO). Without locality, ca.

1867, A. Endres 54 (W).

NICARAGUA: Chontales: Cerro El Chamarro, alt. 675 m, A. Heller 6522 (SEL).

GUATEMALA: San Marcos, Rafael de Cuesta, Finca Armenia, alt. ca. 5,000 ft., 6 July 1977, 5 .

Dwyer 14469 (MO). Baja Verapaz: near Union Barrios, alt. 1600 m, 25 Feb. 1981, C. Luer, J. Lue

& M. Dix 5882 (SEL ).

PANAMA: Chiriqui: San Vicente, between Volcan and Concepcién, alt. 500 m, 11 Sept. 1976, C. Lue

& H. Butcher 1196 (SEL). Bocas del Toro: above Chiriqui Grande, alt. 350 m, 17 Feb. 1 1985, C. Luer, rf

Luer, R. Dressler & K. Dressler 10608 (MO). Panama: Cerro Jefe, 16 Dec. 1967, R.L. Dressler 3241

(SEL).

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: Yarumal, alt. 2750 m, 12 Sept. 1984, C.H. Dodson, R. R. Escobar & E. Valencia

1526 (MO). 1 Valle del Cauca: Bajo Calima, north of Buenaventura, alt. 50 m, 11 Apr. 1987, A. Gentry et

al. 56778 (MO). Narifio: Mulado, Mocoa, alt. 530 m, June 1921, W. Hopp 83 (holotype of P: rhaphido-

pus destroyed at B).

: Guatopo, July 1955, alt. ca. 2,000 ft., G.C.K. Dunsterville 482.

ECUADOR: Carchi: ae above San Marcos de los Coaiqueres, alt. 1000 m, 7 Feb. 1985, B.

sae ye et al. 57497 (AAU, QCA). Esmeraldes: west of Lita, alt. 700 m, 18 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J.

r, A. Hirtz et al. 12360, 12362 (MO). Pichincha t. 5

July 1979, B. Lojtnant & U. Molau 15845 (AAU, QCA \). Cotopaxi: in citrus

2954, 2966 (AAU). Pastaza: Mera, alt. ca. ae m, 23 Mar. 1956, E. Asplund (S). Napo: parr es

fields, alt. TC 9 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz et al. 11726 (MO) 14237

Bomboiza, alt. ca. 800 m, 23 Apr. 1973, L. Holm: Nielsen, S. Jeppesen, B. Lojinant woke tt 992, C

(AAU, S). Zamora-Chi hinchipe: Cordillera del Condor, east of Paquisha, alt. 1200 m, 23 Jan. 1992, €

er, J. Luer, A. Hirtz et al. 16133 (MO

U:A : Bagua, aba Nae Samaria, alt. 700 m, 18 Mar. 1995, C. Diaz et al. caren

Hudnuco: near Tingo Maria, alt. 670 m, 29 Oct. 1948, J.B. Carpenter 103 (hole Lady 10837 (FMO.

); Leoncio Prado, Rupa Rupa, Jacintillo, alt. 700 m, 13 July 1978, J. Se Pays ee

SEL). San Martin: Lamas, Alonso de Alvarado, road to Moyobamba, ake J “4 1979, C.

Schunke 5905 (NY, SEL). Pasco: between La Merced and Oxapampa, alt. 1400 m, 20

Luer & J. Luer 3812 (SEL). 1981, C.

BOLIVIA: La Paz: Mufiecas, along Rio San Cristébal near Consata, alt. 1200 m, 22 Jan.

Luer,

J. Luer & R. Vasquez 5706 (SEL). Cochabamba: Chapare, northeast of Cochabamba toward uh

Tunari, alt. 1000 m, 16 Jan. 1988, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Vasquez et al. 12852 (MO). ee

This species-complex is one of the most frequent and most widely distributed

taxa of the genus. It is found in Central America from Guate temala through it

and throughout the Andes, but neither in the Antilles nor Brazil. Itis e818

did not acquire a name before 1922, but the insignificant febt ad ey ak

apparently did not interest the early collectors or authors. Specimens ai

Reichenbach in the last century, ca. 1869, by Endres egeuyey reeset for

ed among numerous others. Ames and Correll did not consider this eS the

Orchids of Guatemala, 1952, so no doubt collections of it are mixed within

Citations listed for other species, such as A. pansamalae.

Two collections of paar from the same area in Costa Rica by sree

collectors were described simultaneously by Schlechter in eve hanknawe’ von

Cardioides appeared in part III of the Additamenta to the Orc rchidee:

176 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Zentralamerika, 1923, p. 193, and A. acostaei appeared in part IV, p. 285. As can

be expected, this common, widely distributed species with about the simplest of

features is morphologically variable. Three variations were included in a composite

illustration by Dunsterville that was identified as P. tridentata [=A. tridentata] in

Venezuelan Orchids Illustrated (2: 306, 1961).

Slender ramicauls bear a small, cordate leaf at the base of which a succession of

small, yellow, widely expanded flowers is produced. The sepals are less than five

millimeters long and the petals are usually about half as long, and less than a milli-

meter wide at the base. The lip is ovate and obtuse, usually about two millimeters

long and about a millimeter and a half wide. A glenion is present at the base.

Specimens from the Occidente of Ecuador are more similar to those of Central

America than are some of those from the Oriente of Ecuador, Peru, or Bolivia, that

have slightly larger flowers and a slightly larger lip. Schweinfurth did not consider

it when he described P. graciliscapa [=A. graciliscapa], which often does not have

a proportionately long ramicaul.

ne ag: sosrp emia bp Luer, comb. nov.

odes, “warty,” referri erring to the floral parts.

Bas.: Pleurothallis phymatodea Luer, Selbyana 3: 170, 1976.

= ull to medium in size, pode caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, suberect, 3-

cm long, with a loose, tubular sheath below the midd “ and 2 other sheaths at the base. spreadin

: : acute, concave centrally between convex halves, 3-7 cm long, 2-

4 cm wide, the base sessile, sioeky cordate with peak Pate lobes. Inflorescence a fascicle of single,

non-resupinate, successive flowers, subtended by a spathe 8-11 mm long; peduncles 1-2 mm long,

tubular, 5 mm long; pedicels verrucose, 7-10 mm long; ovary

verrucose, 2-3 mm long; sepals thickly fleshy, verrucose, — purple, the — ocak a ovate

to whine. 4-5 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, 3-veined, the la l

obtuse, pai ae. 3-4 mm long, 5- “6 mm wide, pocket petals purple -black, “thick, pein

unded at

» central cavity, the base wi

calli, hinged to

the column-foot: column stout, | ic i sale ao ee

gma apical.

rostellum and stigma 2 mm wide, the foot thick, obsolescent, with the anther

wes purple, non-resupinate flower. The obtuse sepals and incurved petals are » dense

y verrucose. The lip is thick with a deep, central cavity.

— he pbs R.Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

ere cap,” referring to the cucullate dorsal sepal.

& R Escobar, Orquideologia 15: 142, 1982.

Plant medium in

with a tightly titi seek a » Ca€spitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 13-25 cm long,

cordate-ovate, acute, below the middle, and another at the base. Leaf spreading, coria-

base. Inflorescence lsd Sem long, 3-3.5 cm wide, sessile, deeply cordate at the

concealed a a essively, borne by a suberect peduncle 3 mm long,

mm Pmt: Sepals translucent ¢ el 5 mm long; floral bract 5 mm long; ah 4

dorsal sepal ovate, obtuse, deeply conca Sn afied with rose along the veins and at the apex, glabrous

the lateral sepals connate j desk n rmqened 8 mm long, 6 mm wide, 8 mm wide le expanded a teh eco

at, ovate, obtuse lamina, 7 mm long, 4.5 mm wide, 4-veined; petals

;

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 177

dull yellow, suffused with rose basally, elliptical-subfalcate, arcuate, oblique, acute, 5. vie mm —— 2mm

wide, 3-veined; lip red below the middle, three-lobed, arcuate, 4 mm long, 2.5 wide, 4 wide across

the basal lobes expanded, the anterior lobe purple-black, cellular glands, a eee minutely

apiculate, with microscopically ¢ erose margins, the | basal lohes « t, broadly

disc with a glenion at the base te, 2.5 mm long, with

the anther subapical and the stigma entire, ventral, foot thick, pas a -like.

oe antes er danwued in forest near San José del Palmar, alt. 600-800 m, collected by L. & y.

omborquideas, 20 Nov. 1981, C. Luer 6723 (Holotype: SEL). Vi

a Load Cerro del bapa Sarrania de los Paraguas, alt. 2300 m, 3 Jan. 1987, P. Silverstone, N. Paz, R.

T. Gonzdlez, I. Cabrera & D. Garcés 2917 (CUVC, MO).

This species is characterized by slender ramicauls; spreading, sessile, cordate

leaves; and a reclining spathe. A resupinate flower with a deeply concave, seven-

veined, dorsal sepal is produced successively. The petals and lip arch forward from

beneath the dorsal sepal. The middle lobe of the trilobed lip is purple-black while

the basal lobes are red and broadly falcate. The aspect of the resupinate flower

resembles a non-resupinate flower of Pleurothallis sect. Macrophyllae-Racemosae.

Although vegetatively inseparable from species of Acronia sect. Macrophyllae-

Fasciculatae, even so far as the sepals and petals, this species is distinguished from

all others by the sharply trilobed lip and the semiterete column with a subapical

anther and entire, ventral stigma. These latter features, that suggest Specklinia, are

sufficient to exclude it from Acronia, and section Pleurothallis. No pleurothallid

taxon can accommodate this species, unless an exception be made for Ancipitia to

include a non-compressed ramicaul. In the meantime, this oddity will be carried in

Acronia sect. Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae with an exceptional lip and column.

Acronia platypetala (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

: From the Greek platypetalon, “‘a broad petal,” referring to the shape of the petal.

Bas.: Pleurothallis platypetala Luer & R.Escobar, Orquideologia 20: 78, 1996.

medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, more than 12

cm long, with a close, tubular sheath on the lower quarter and 2 other sheaths at the party ad

base sessile, Me ia

ing, coriaceous, narrowly ovate, acute, up to 8 cm long, 2 cm wide, the

cence a fascicle of successive, single flowers, borne on top of the leaf, subtended by a 7 —

10 mm long; peduncles 3-5 mm long; floral bracts tubular, 5-7 mm long; pedicels 8-10 mm sig? mt

long, 11 mm wide, 6-veined, cellular-glandular centrally; petals yelley rt ce

vate, oblique, subacute, acuminate, denticulate, 10 mm long, 4.5 mm

cellular-glandular, with microscopically denticulate margins, blag ora, 5m :

apex broadly obtuse with a small callus beneath, the disc flat to slightly convex, :

at the base, th e end, hinged to the column- -foot; column stout, ter

anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

alt. 2350 m, 27 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J.

ete, 1 mm long, 3 mm wide, the foot thick, obsolescent, with the

COLOMBIA: Putumayo: epiphytic in forest east of San Francisco,

Luer, O. Ospina, R. Escobar & E. Valencia 12539 (Holotype:

This species is apparently endemic on the eastern bine of the Andes of aayent

Colombia. It is distinguished by the medium habit w ith slender ramicauls re

narrowly ovate, acute leaves cordate at the base. The yellow-green peaee

comparatively large with broad, multiveined sepals. Most distinctive are ae or

three-veined petals that are shortly acuminate. The are similar to

Acronia cardiostola. The lip is “standard” for the section: nz oblong-ovate, obtuse,

and with a glenion at the base.

178 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia platysepala (Schitr.) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Greek platysepalon, “a broad sepal,” referring to the dorsal se

pal.

» Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 111, 1920.

Syn.: Pl hallis granularis Luer & R.Escobar, Orquideologia 16: 162, 1984.

Ety.: From the Latin granularis, “granular,” referring to the texture of the lip.

Syn.: Zosterophyllanthos granularis (Luer & R.Escobar) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 119,

2001.

large, epiphytic, pit lender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 15-30 cm

long, with a close, tubular sheath on the lower third and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf erect, coria-

ceous, narrowly elliptical-obovate, subacute, slightly acuminate, 9-17 cm long, 2-3.8 cm wide, the base

sessile, narrowly cuneate. Inflorescence a fascicle of successive, single flowers, borne from a narrow

Spathe 10-15 mm long; peduncles 2-5 mm long; floral tubular, 5-10 mm long; pedicels 10-25 mm

long; ovary 6-7 mm long; sepals red-brown with darker veins, cellular-papillose within, the dorsal

broadly elliptical-ovate to suborbicular, obtuse, 10-14 mm long, 11-13 mm wide, 7-veined, the lateral

sepals connate into an ovate, obtuse synsepal, 12-17 mm long, 7-9 mm wide, 6-veined; petals purple-

brown, cellular-papillose, denticulate, elliptical-obovate, subacute, 6-8.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, 3-

veined; lip purple-brown, oblong-subquadrate, cellular-glandular, with microscopically denticulate

margins, 5 mm long, 5 mm wide, the apex broadly rounded, the disc slightly convex, shallowly chan-

neled, the base s icate with a small glenion between a pair of shallow, basal depressions, flattened

on the deflexed end, hinged to the column-foot; column stout, terete, 2 mm long, 3 mm wide, the foot

thick, obsolescent, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

Dilant medi

. *

COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca: dense, moist forest in the Andes west of Cauca, alt. 1600-2000 m, FC.

laa (Lectotype : K); west of Cali, EC. Lehmann 4500 (K); western cordillera of Cali, alt.

im, 16 Aug. 1880, F.C. Lehmann 3013 (K), C. Luer illustr. 17101; El Tambo, Huisit6, alt.

1800 m, cultivated in Popa dn by Amalia :

type of P. granularis. yan by ia Lehmann de Sarria, 21 Oct. 1982, C. Luer 8183 (SEL), holo-

bes Species is apparently endemic on the western slope of the Andes of south-

em Colombia. It is distinguished by the large habit with slender ramicauls that bear

red-brown, cellular-papillose flowers are comparatively large with a broad, subor-

is short and subquadrate, synsepal. The petals are denticulate, and the lip

Pangui, Ecuador, who collected this species.

% ; Luer, Selbyana 5: 176, 1979,

tal, 11-21 cm long phere, 8 Pe tose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, suberect to horizon-

sheaths at the bese. Leaf te the mmged te ity appressed, tubular sheath, and 2-3 other

by a spathe 7-10 mm long; peduncles 2-3 mm long; floral

bracts thin, tubular, ei Lap long; pedicels 7-8 mm long; ovary 3-4 in A a: . -brown, micro-

lateral sepals connate into in “oblong, obtuse, 6.5 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, 3-veined,

red- . Narrowly line at sepal, 4.5-5 mm long, 4-4.5 mm wide, 4-veined; petals

long, 0.5 mm xa Me ak subfalcate, acute, with microscopically irregular margins, 5 mm

ly convex, without an obvi gl hie » 2mm long, 1.75 wide, ght-

end he the base reflexed as a thick d mealy on

to the base of the column foot: a thick claw, broadly concave and mealy

i - a Pi ne - " vd fi

thick, bulbous, minutely spiculate, the ome white, ips 2 mm long, 1.75 mm wide, the foot

ECTIADMp. 7.

Pas J

I Luer, - till, long Rio Zamora east of tt t of Loja, alt. 2500 m, 11 Feb.

fect es: shiva batgeh aa i (Holotype: SEL); Gicd ae pass b aca ja and Zamora,

the pass between Loja and een en 87083 (AAU, QCA), C. Luer illustr. 17208. Loja: west of

i alt. 2700 m, 14 Feb. 1985, G. Harling & L. Andersson 22072 (GB).

This species j apparen :

Ecuador. It is pune Ee’ endemic on the eastern slope of the Andes of southern

ith obtuse sepal by the long, slender | r

with . eaves, and a small, brown flowe

Petals, and a thick, fleshy, ovoid lip.

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 179

Acronia prolaticollaris (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin prolaticollaris, “with an elongated neck,” freiae: to the long pedicels.

Bas.: Pleurothallis prolaticollaris Luer, Selbyana 3: 368, 1977

Plant small to medium in — rhe oo to agrees mae roots slender. Ramicauls slender,

nea: to horizontal, 8-20 c a close, tubular sheath w the middle and 2-3 other sheaths

Leaf suberect to oer coriaceous, , ovate, acute, lightly acuminate, 3-8 cm long, 2-4.5

te e, the base sessile, deeply cordate a fasci-

cle of successive, erect, resupinate, single, yellow flowers, , subtended by an an erect aay he 13-15 mm 4° 4

g; pedicels 10-

peduncles a] mm ehineg conce , tubular, 2-3 mm

20 mm long; ovary 3 mm eng _— glabrous, membranous, the dorsal sepal ovate, ~— 5-7 mm

long, 3-5 sie wade! 3-veined, th ovate, subacute lamina, 5-7 mm

long, 4-5 mm wide, 4-veined; petals ellipti ical, acute r y

ll erose, ape mm long, 1,3-2 mm

wide, 1-veined; lip oblong pex, pically ciliat 25 -2. 5 mm mm long, 1.6-2

mm wide, the disc featureless, with a beordate concave on

end to accommodate the atime foot; “column stout, 1 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the foot thick, with the

anther, rostellum and stigma ap’

ECUADOR: Pichincha: terrestrial on d emt h d

Domingo, ay ca. 1500 m, 28 Feb. 1975, C. Luer & R. Kent 334 ndevhing e: SEL); RioP Pilate between

anto Domingo and Quito, alt. 1100-1400 m, 14 June 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S. Jeppe B. Lojtnant &

B. Oligaard 7159 (AAU, AMES); between rege and Santo Domingo, alt. 1500 m m, "28 May 1988, C.

Cc .

, C. Luer & R. Kent 308 ( SEL); citrus grove between Quev

700-950 m, 5 Apr. 1973, L Holm-Nielsen, S. Jeppesen, B. Lojtnant £ B. jee 12954, 3005, ‘oll

(AAU, AMES).

This species, apparently endemic on the western slopes of the Andes of central

Ecuador, is distinguished by a cordate leaf with an erect spathe from which erect,

long-pedicellate, widely expanded, yellow flowers are produced. The dorsal sepal

and synsepal are subacute and similar; the petals are relatively large; and the small

lip is oblong and rounded at the apex.

Acronia radula (Luer) Luer, tigen no

.: From the Latin radula, “‘a “ eciad to the verrucose lip.

Bas.: Pleurothallis radula ya ‘Selbyana 5: 177, 1979.

Syn.: cost eernesy radula ee) Szlach. & Mowe Polish Bot. J. LAO 120, ebes

ant der

hans.

erect, 10-50 cm long, with a close, tubular sheath below the middle and 2-3 other sheaths at ‘te

eous, narrowly ovate, acute, 8-19 cm long, 2 8-6.2 cm wide, — base

sessile, deeply cordate. Sedacesecace a fous “of successive, erect, resupinate, sin, ingle yellow flowers,

subtended by an erect spathe 14-27 mm long; peduncles 2-3 mm long, concealed within the sheath; floral

abrous, parekeeg

is connate into a simi-

serrate,

oarse 5 mm

long, 3 mm wide, the disc with a glenion at the base, the base subcordate, y chug ely

, the

accommodate the pate y ee column stout, 2 mm long, 2 mm wide, the foot thick, 2 mm

the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

abe RICA: Cartago: terrestrial in forest near San ange alt. ca. 1900 m, 22 Sept. hgh Cc. 94

Luer & K. §. Walter 4251 (Holotype: SEL; Isotype: K); without locality, collected Py licenstei

cla by A. Jesup in Bristol, CT, 1 Dec, 1977, C. Luer Dan (SEL).

tral Costa Rica, is distin-

f cen

This species, apparently endemic in forests 0 ct, conspicuous spathe

The dorsal

guished by a horizontal, narrowly cordate leaf with an ere

from which large, erect, widely expanded, yellow flowers are

Sepal and synsepal are acute and similar; the petals are

lip is coarsely verrucose.

serrate and reflexed; and the

180 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia rectipetala (Ames & C. oscar ) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin recnipeseiics; straight — —s to the petals.

Bas.: es woes Schweinf., Orch. 8: 32, 1925.

Syn.: Pleurothallis scitula Luer, Selbyana 3 ar een

Ety.: From the peers . ” in allus plant in flower

Plant medi amicauls slender, erect, with a

long, tubu i ted bi hee ita Beds ote tao, 8-25 cm long. Leaf deflexed,

coriaceous, broadly cordate-ovate, concave, gh cm long, 4.5-7.5 cm wide, the apex acute, the base

Inflorescence a fascicle of solitary, successive, resu-

pinate flowers bore from a suberect, opadicaa spathe, 1. a 2.5 cm long, at the base of the leaf;

peduncles 2-3 mm long, confined within the spathe; floral bracts thin, 5-10 mm mm long; pedicels 10-15 mm

rip ears’ 5-6 mm | long; sepals yellow, suffused with purple hoy the veins below the middle, diffuse

subacute, 11 mm long, 8 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals

Aaa into an ovate synsepal, Imm long, 10 mm wide, 4-veined; petals pubescent, ciliate, narrowly

elliptical-ovate, narrowly obtuse, 9 mm long, 2.25 mm wide, 1-veined: lip red, ovate, obtuse, 4 mm long,

3.5 mm wide, with basal angles rounded, the disc oeregd nage minutely rugose above the middle,

karoge below the middle on — side of a glenion, the base narrowly flattened on the end,

to the column-foot; column stout, 1 mm long, 2mm “ae the anther and bilobed stigma apical,

c foot rudimentary.

COSTA RICA: Cartago: Cachi, flowered in cultivation at Cartago, June 1924, C.H. Lankester 915

(Hi * AMES); vicinity of Ikutchenies (illegible), collected by M. Figueroa, cultivated 12 Nov. 1955

by C. reg Lankester 1655 (AMES), C. Luer illustr. 17047: Taos, alt. 100 m, Dec. 1984, R.L. Dressler 350

al Reserva Monteverde, Sendero Nuboso, al t. 100 m, July 1989 % T. Atwood 89-239 (US)).

Paceyerpy Cerro de la Muerte, alt, 2550 m, 7 May 1993, Inge Mack 7 (USJ

: ise epiphytic in cloud forest on Cerro Horn ito, alt. ca. ae m, 15 Dec. 1976, C. Luer,

r, RL Dressler, N.H. Williams & F L Stevenson 136] (holotype of P. scitula: SEL).

pr oe (Luer & nd died, Luer, cea nov.

aa the Latin recury ig to the sepals and petals.

RE eres recurvata nak Hirtz, Peart 11: 182, 1996.

to medium in size,

cm long, with a close, tubular hs eon sed? oer migeseh apripte o Leal auberet

erect, coriaceous, ovate, acute, 35-5,

-_ nie 4 mm wide e

curved up, expanded, 4-(6-)veined; petals oblong, acute, entire,

mm wile, sarin long, | em wide, ai *-veined; lip thick, red-brown, obpyriform-ovate, 2. 5 mm long, 1.9

with a —— flat glenion, the base nde tah the disc lightly conduplicate, lightly channeled,

Out, terete, | mm long,

1 mm wide, the foot thick, obsolescent, with the anther, sostetum <r

ECTIA NOD. v=. fe:

Feb. po as hy c Luer, J. an a A. Biss Iocan Aa Zs

uayzimi, alt.

ui sibs 19 Feb, sore ie J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11943 (Moy:

Feb. 1 ; 1893

(MO). Noreen Seatieg vise eats rém, T. Héijer & H. Wanntorp

Palora, alt. 1200 m, 1 Mar. 2001. C W. Flores & A. Embree 11885 (MO); north of Macas, west of Rio

C. Luer, J. & A. Hi db

Ecuagenera, 5 Mar. 2001, irtz 19583 (MO); Bomboiza, cultivated by

8191 (MO). €- Luer 19703 (MO); Pangui, cultivated by Ecuagenera, 2 Feb. 2002, A. Hirtz

Ds. Tt h Looe , alt t. 1100 m, 2

4511, Aeal

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 181

Vegetatively, this species from lowland, southeastern Ecuador is indistinguish-

able from numerous relatives. Thin ramicauls bear a small, ovate-cordate leaf with

a medium-sized flower above the base. The sepals are most easily distinguished by

the revolute sides. The oblong petals curve up. The lip is thick and obpyriform

with a large, flat glenion.

Acronia kbiceons hosed Luer, on

ty.: regina, “the ie eek to the large size.

Bas.: pesos} reginae Garay, manky Bot. Tidskr. 47: 210, 1953.

it large, presumably raf ate caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls stout, erect, to 50 cm long,

with a close tubular sheath near the middle and another at the base. Leaf coriaceous, ovate, acute, slight-

a acuminate, 40 cm long, 21 cm ae the base sos: cordate. Inflorescence a single, successive

wer borne from the base of the leaf with a spathe 2 nc

cm sip floral bract 1.7 cm long; ovary 2.5 cm long; sepals dark bows, glandu lar-pubescent externally,

the dorsal sepal broadly ovate, concave, subacute to obtuse, 30 mm long, 20 mm wide, multiveined, the

lateral sepals connate into an ovate, acute synsepal, 25 mm long, 17 mm wide, multiveined; ob-

liquely oe at the base, oblong-ovate, apa’ mucronate at the apex, with densely papillose

nerves ae ong, 8-10 mm wide, 3-veined; lip suborbicular, shortly unguiculate at the base, ‘“apex

” (round in the illustration), 8 mm long, bet mm wide, the disc transversely verrucose,

stout, eS without dimensions

COLOMBIA: Cauca: El Tambo, La Costa, primary forest, alt. 800 m, without date, K. von Sneidern 811

(Holotype: S).

This species of southern Colombia is apparently one of several allied to mon-

strous Acronia gargantua of adjacent Ecuador. It is known only from the single

collection of von Sneidern. No material is available for illustration. It is distin-

guished from the related species by sepals that are puberulen nt €X

of all the others being glabrous externally. Also distinctive is the ti a

being described as mucronate. Also differing from all the others, the lip is subor-

bicular, apparently not convex, and densely transversely verrucose-rugose.

Syn.: Zosterophyllanthos reptans (Luer) Szlach. & Marg.. Polish Bot. J. 46(2): pete Bender:

Plant small, epiphytic, long-repent, the rhizome 0. 5-2 cm long between ramic roots cad

Ramicauls slender, ascending to erect, 1.5-3 cm long, with a close, tubular sI are Pe i

another at the base. ag erect to suberect, coriaceous, € elliptical, acute, aed

the base cuneate, sessile. Inflorescence a successive, single, orange flower, sheath; floral bracts thin

ih: at the base of the lea jee 0.5-2 mm - sped’ within sepal i

tubular, 2 mm long; pedicels 2.5 mm long; ovary | mm to a similar,

Ovate, subacute to obtuse, 3. 5 ra rekg 2 mm wide, nema the lateral sepals connate » acute

ovate, subacute lamina, 3.25 mm long, 2 mm wide, 4-veined; peels sare? iculate, minutely verru-

serrate, 2.75 mm long, 0.5 mm seg 1-veined; lip triangular-ov : page: 4 glenion at

er with the margins minutely erose, 2 mm long, 1.3 sates a eae

e sig be 1 gaye rs concave

su oe = absrngy eer gs col the anther, rostellum and stigma

Luer, J. Luer &

ECUADOR : Sucumbios: forest southeast of El Carmelo, alt. 2050 m, 17 May "ey pea

Hirtz 6298 (Holotype: SEL).

: -repent habit

This species is known from only the original collection. jena Cae

is unique in the section. The ramicauls are p' ay aa sepal an and synsepal are

ers along a slender rhizome. The leaf i is elliptical, the triangular and minute-

obtuse, the petals are narrow and serrate, and the lip is ovate-

ly verrucose with the apex apiculate.

182 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia rhodoglossa (Schitr.) Luer, comb. n

Ey.: From the Greek haemseapel B gts red iongue.” ¥ referring to the red lip.

v. Regni Veg. Beih. 17: 22, 1922.

Syn.: Z hyllanthos rhodogl (Schltr.) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 120, 2001.

Plant medium i in size bi tegs. epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls renee erect, 5-35

cm long, with a close, tubular sheath on the lower third and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf suberect to

spreading, cori cA ae eH ovate, subacute to obtuse, acuminate at the tip, 5-13 cm long, 2.5-5.5 cm

wide, the base ses, cordate. - Inflorescence a single flower produced successively, borne on top of the

leaf, subten 1-2 mm long within the I bract

tubular, 3-5 mm long; pedicel: 3- 7 mm long; ¢ ovary 2-3 mm long; sepals yellow to ee: green,

eae hasy with brown ag veins, glabrous , the dorsal sepal elliptical-obovate, ae, 3.5- >

2, 2.5-4 mm wide, 3-veined, the | subacute

25-4 ao long, 2.5-4 mm wide, 4-veined; petals brown or ay pene oblong, acute, microscopically

erose, 2-4 mm long, 0.5-0.8 m 8 mm wide, 1-veined; lip red, brown or purple, cordate-ovate, obtuse, 1.5-2

and stigma apical

AMA: Panama: hills east of Panama Ci ity, alt. near sea level, C.W. Powell 182 (Holotype destroyed

PANAMA

at B; Lectotype: MO). Chiriqui; “Province of Chiriquf, alt. 1200 m, C.W. Powell 182 —— de-

stroyed at B; Aspe C. Luer illustr. 19087; San Vicente, between Vole rape 5!

COSTA RICA: Limén: El Progressa, ait. s0 5, pp

: : i ; pr. 1989, G. Herrera 2649 (CR, MO), C. Luer

illustr. 17048, San José: Zurqué, alt. 1800 m, 28 Oct. 1 1969, L.D. Gomez 2409 (F, SEL

A: Cauca: near An, cultivated b Lu

8452 (SEL). ear Popay vated by Amalia Lehmann de Sarria, 16 Nov. 1982, C. Luer

ECUADOR: Carchi: between n Maldonado and Chical, alt. 1500 m, 15 Jan. 1992, C. Luer, J.

Tce &. Jesup, B Jesup & A. Hintz 16029 (MO) ). Esmeraldas: w est of Lita, alt. 750 m, 18 Jan. 1987, C.

c paige ah bevel (MO). — near Lita, pdlivoid st at Ecuagenera, Gualaceo, 7 Mar. 2001,

Gres pyr ter ly oo rca and Corazén, alt. 1500 m, 17 Feb. 1979, C. Luer,

za: north of Puyo, C. i ea Tandsyaa, alt. 1200 m, Sept. 1984, A. Hirtz 1893 (MO). Pasta-

Mayo, alt. 540 : 30 7 945 (SEL). Los Rios: Montafias de Ila, between Patricia Pilar and 24 de

SEL); pg May 1976, C.H. Dodson 6126 (SEL). Morona-Santiago: Tena C. Luer 549, 638

Soe 20 Feb, 1977, C reeds & J. Higa 1481 (SEL). El Oro: between Pifias and El Placer, alt. 800-

: Spare 14379 (GB); below Pifias, alt. ca. 1000 m, rere

pre Cue at SEL, Seb 1982, C. Luer 6824 (SEL); south of Pifas, alt. 1000 m, 2

of Los Encuentros. al r & A. Hirt: 10660, 10663 (MO). Zamora Cordillera ee Condor: ne

alt. 1500 m, 19 May 1988, c Luer, A. Hirtz et al. 13482 (MO, QCNE

Schlechter cited Powell 182, from hills east of Panama City, when a ie published

sy = pag pila Specimen without flower is at MO. Another colletion

ees the province of sl

thought that these two col P Chiriqui, is at AMES. Powell obviously

lections represented the same species. Similar to many

allied species of this section, this species is widely distributed from Costa Rica into

Acronia rhodoglossa is characterized by

a slender ramicaul with a relatively

large, deeply

selegea ml at the tip. The sepals vary from white to pale

denticulate. The red or y.

base. At the base of th the dise the

ly seen in Andean 1 Is raised on a broad, low cals: which is apis occasional-

a nearly flat - Identical specimens with the bilobed callus borne on

Abebexgned everce commonly seen. Schlechter’s illustration of the

collection fails to show a bilobed glenion

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 183

Acronia ie (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: Named in honor of the late Harold Ripley of San Francisco, CA, who collected this species.

Bas.: Pleurothallis ripleyi Luer, Selbyana 5: 178, 1979.

medium in size to large, eee caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect to

arching, "20-38 a tong. wees close, tubular sheath below the middle and 2 other sheaths at the base.

ous elliptical-linear, acute, often with revolute margins, 12-

16¢ cm long, 1.5- 1. 8 cm wide expences, & cm wide ‘unexpanded, the base sessile, fre pay te —

1 te tuh

long,

m8 spathe 15-23

ca. 5 mm long; Savin sca. 7mm long; ovary 7-8 mm nae dans ew en orbs speckled

one red mostly mony ane veins, glabrous, the middle ‘Sepal « ovate, obtuse, concave mm long, 5 mm

wide, 3-veined, the la ft , obtuse concave mm

long, 7 mm wide, <hew petals light red-brown, reflexed, oblong, acute, “minutely serrate, 7.5 mm

long, 2 mm wide, 1-veined; lip thick, suffused with rose below the middle, orange above the middle,

ovate, 4 mm long, 4 mm wide, the apex obtuse, the disc convex, with a tall, erect, basal callus bearing

= glenion, the base concave, hinged to a bu f the column-foot; column stout

erete, 2 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the foot thick, 2 mm long, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

ECUADOR: Zamora-Chinchipe?: without certain locality, collected in May 1976 by H. Ripley, culti-

vated in San Francisco, CA, 15 Dec. 1978, C. Luer 3642 (Holotype: SEL).

This species was described as PLeurothallis ripleyi [=Acronia ripleyi), and

simultaneously with Pleurothallis variabilis [=Acronia variabilis], with which it

has proved to be closely allied. The former, if the locality be correct, is uncommon

in southeastern Ecuador, while the latter is frequent in northern Ecuador and south-

ern Colombia. Acronia ripleyi is distinguished by the slender ramicaul that bends

above and bears a long, slender, pendent leaf. The somewhat smaller, non-resu-

pinate flower is similar to that of A. variabilis, both with a deeply concave, upper-

most synsepal. The petals of both reflex similarly, but the petals of A. ripleyi are

oblong and shorter with minutely serrated margins. The lips are similar, but the

base of the lip of A. ripleyi is concave to accommodate a red-papillose, bulbous tip

of the column-foot.

Acronia robusta Luer & Hirtz, sp. n

Ety.: From the Latin robustus, “robust,” tks to the strong habit.

Species haec Acroniae cedrinorum (Luer & Dalstrém) Luer affinis,

latioribus trinernis diff

Plant large, Be gab ila gx arg slender. Ramic a

on, tubular sheath 0 er thi other sheaths at the base. Leaf erect, coriaceous, O ovate,

te, 11-15 cm long, 5-6 om wide, the tase sessile, deeply cordate.

sed habitu robustiore, petalis

ee singe f flowers e 10-15 mm long; peduncles 2-3 mm ons. long, 3 mm thick;

s ral bracts thin, tubular, 5 mm long; ce 10-15 mm long; ovary bgvrakes 20 mm long,

obtuse,

i 15 mm lon:

veined; petals orange, obliquely oblong-subfalcate, ghee ty entire, dis featurcless

veined; lip prone, orange, elliptical-obovate, obtuse, hee magne 6.5 mm wide, the

€ for ahoans

the end, hinged to the Siem uaettt column green, stout, 2mm ie 3.5

anther, rostellum and stigma ap

EDUADOR: Sucumbios: La Bonita, alt. 2800 m, A. Hirtz 4982 ( SEL

southeast of El Carmelo, alt. 2500 m, 17 May 1981, C. Luen J- Luer & A. Hirtz 6295 (SEL); !

rinorum,

This species from northernmost Ecuador is similar to Acronia et pts

differs in the strong, robust habit, and broader, three-veined - qastd

similar to the Central American Acronia —* The broad sepals

and multiveined, and the petals are oblong and three

ed on

mm per the foot thick, with

2 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 16239,

184 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia ruberrima (Lindl.) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: the Latin superlative ruberrimus, “very red,” referring to the flowers.

Bas.: Pleurothallis ruberrima Lindl., Orch. Linden. 1, 1846.

Syn.: Pleurothallis yun yungasensis | Rolfe, Mem. sd Bot. Club 4: 259, 1895.

Ety.: Named for the Yung: as collected.

Syn.: Pleurothallis opeatorhyncha Schitr., Repert. aM Nov. Regni Mie as 8: 62, 1921.

Ety.: From the — opeatorhynchos, “a mysterious kind of beak or sno!

Plant size ra epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. “asd ng? erect, 15-60

cm long, with a cuedrund sheath below the middle and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf erect, coria-

ceous, narrowly ovate, acute, 8-25 cm ‘pe 2-4 cm wide, the b ll ly cordate. Inflores-

cence a single, suc er or , borne from a reclining s 0 12-25 mm

long at the base of the leaf; peduncles 4- 7 mm long, confined within the spathe; floral bracts tubular, 5-

10 mm long; psi flexible, 2-6 cm long; ovary 4-8 m m long; sepals glabrous, piers a usually

heavily striped w Sos occasionally yellow, the middle sepal narrowly ovate, acute, often

ith :

wide, 8-12-veined; petals red or yellow, thick, subcarinate, triangular, often with an obtuse lobe at the

= upper Margin, acute, entire, 5-12 mm long, 1-3 mm wide, 1- _ 3- ve ak . oe wien

the apex broadly obtuse to rounded, sometimes with sides recurved, with min

34 mm long, 3.5-4.5 mm wide expanded, the disc convex, usually with a iene a paw 3

with a small glenion, the base broadly subcordate, hinged to a short column-f

yramidal,

Stout, terete, 1.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, the foot thick, 1.5 mm long, with the anther, rostellum and bi-

lobed stigma apical.

Representative collections:

VENEZUELA: Merida: without specific locali , alt. 6,000 ft., Aug. 1842, J. Linden 670 (Holotype: K):

without I i .A. Fendler 2585 (K), ity, . ug. len ( ype

Virolin, El Soret collected by E. Valencia, cultivated at Colomborquideas,

pes 3 Escobar 5017 (MO). C : Monte Redondo, alt. 1700 m, 15 Dec. 1950, M.

i (S). * ‘Palanda,” 21 Dec. 1876, E. André 4634 (K). Huila: Belén, alt. 2000-2200 m,

above i - Aguirre, cultivated at Colomborquideas, 26 Feb. 1 1993, R. Escobar 5024 (MO). Narifio:

: Mera, :

c Pryteccktiy (GB). Napo: m= bewors Cotundo and Coca, alt. 1130 m, 19 June 1983, C.H. Dodson

9, C.W. Pe oa . ee of Rio Mapoto and Rio Pastaza, alt. 1225 m, 21 Mar.

al 1500 m, A. page - S). Chimborazo: subandine forest of Mt. Chimborazo,

Kes (holotype « of v4 opeatorhyncha destroyed at B). Moron ordillera

: Pi Toe 13 13532 : W.

Age wee ig rideg be Macas, alt. 1700 m, 12 May 2000, S. Dalstrém, R. Burian & L. Jost

Convencion, alt. 2300 m, 5

Sachagoic, 7

bie, * Cerros del Sira, alt. 1780 m, 28 July 1869, TR. Dudley 13394 (NA). Amazonas:

(MO). J ‘Sate te ae and cultivated in Tacoma, WA, Oct. 1996, K. Tokach P-3

Thi m, 16 Dec. 1982, J.C. Solomon 9139 (MO; SEL).

ha ‘6S 1s frequent and €xtremely variable in its wide distribution through

narrow leay, from western Venezuela into Bolivia. Long ramicauls bear erect, long,

7. b re og mide S are produced successively, or a few simultane-

af tye exible, § peduncles dangling the flowers over the sides of

: sepal is multiveined, b tant, and

he sides of bene ed, ut the numbes of veins is incons

sometimes even with an erect Coni

nize some Variations, but the vari

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 185

ae rubroinversa (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From tin rubroinversus, “‘red-inverted,”’ referring to the flowers.

Bas.: Pleurothallis rubroinversa von nent e. 1: 276, 1975.

Plant small to medium in size, epiphyti , caespitose; ts slender. Ramicauls slender,

suberect to horizontal, 7-10 cm long, with a close, tubular st low the middle and 2-3 other sheaths

at the rect to horizontal, thickly pipachodmacsar ye rane

base sessile, cordate. tebicaacenct a fancicle of specessive: ee i flowers, subtended

by a spathe 10-16 mm long; peduncles 1-2 mm long, pootey within the sheath; floral t bracts thin,

tubular, 5 mm long; pedicels 8 mm long; ovary 5 mm long; sepals dark purple, minutely pubescent

externally, the middle sepal ovate, obtuse, concave, 8 mm wench 6 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral

connate into an ovate, obtuse lamina, 8 mm long, 6 mm wide, 4-veined; petals dark purple, broadly ellip-

tical, acute, lacerate, 6 mm long, 2.25 mm wide, |-veined; lip uppermost, red-purple, transversely ovate,

nded at the apex, denticulate, 3 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, the disc minutely verrucose, with

a pair of smooth, yellow areas to either side of the glenion at the base, the base y concave on the

column stout, 1 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the foot thick, with the

anther, rostellum and stigma od

ECUADOR: Pichincha: terrestrial on the road embankment on the new road between Quito and Santo

Domingo, alt. 1800 m, 10 Mar. 1975, C. Luer & R. Kent 226 (Holotype: SEL).

This species, apparently endemic on the western slopes of Pichincha in central

Ecuador, is similar to Acronia lacera from a higher altitude. From the latter it is

distinguished by a wider leaf cordate at the base; widely expanded flowers; and a lip

merely minutely denticulate instead of coarsely lacerate.

Acronia rugosa (Luer & R. Escobar) ea comb. pak

Ety.: From the Latin rugosus, “‘wrinkled, rring to the

Bas.: Pleurothallis He ee Luer & R. ray os ie 147, 1982.

Plant medi epiphytic, i e it r. Ramicauls slender, erect, 8-13 cm long.

with a close, tubular sh iddl pre es Sane Eo Leaf suberect to

zontal, coriaceous, ovate, acute, acuminate, 6-8 cm long, 33. 8 cm wide, the base pay pegs cordate.

single successivV: flower, borne ¢

10 mm long; pedicels

orange-brown with

the lateral

peduncles 2-3 mm long, aed vent the sheath; floral bracts thin, ea:

erect, 20-22 mm long; ovary 6 mm long; sepals weap on TNA = :

purple veins, erect, concave, cpio obtuse, 13-14 mm long, 8.5 mm wi

ls purple, connate into an ovate, acute lamina, 14 mm long,

brown, incurved, narrowly elliptical, acute, serrate, 10.5 mm long, 1.

purple-brown, perpendicular to the column, ovate, obtuse, coarsely trans onca! 7 eae end beneath the

mm wide, the disc with a glenion at the base, the base » shallowly ate long, pubes-

mip e hinged to the column-foot; column stout, 2 mm long, 2 mm wide, the foot 2 mm Tong,

the anther, rostellum and stigma apical Baxbitles

COLOMBIA: Cauca: San Sebastidn, Central Cordillera, road from La vee 0 . if

3070 m, 27 July 1978, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Escobar at al. 3053 (Holotype: SEL).

It is distinguished by

This species is known only from the original collection. ai!

the erect flower held above a deeply cordate leaf. The dorsal +a shaper pa

obtuse, the synsepal is acute, the narrow petals are incurved and serrate,

Ovate lip is deep purple and transversely erose.

Acronia rutrifolia Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin rutrifolius, “with spade-like

Species haec Acroniae bivalvis _ ) pee dee affinis, om

teaf,” referring to the shape of the lea

ovat

Plant medium in size to . epiphyti pps os enter. Ra the base. Leaf horizon-

cm long, with a close, tubular sheath on eis wer fourth and 2 eg 45 ot wide,

tal, spreading, coriaceous, ovate, acute, long-acuminate, 7-9 cm y aaredcl by a fu

a fascicle of successive, S ‘5 mi long pedicels 5 5 mm long; ovary 3

peduncles feaciculate. 2-3 mm long, floral bracts thin, tubular, 5 mm subacute, 6 mm long, 2.5 mm

mum long; yellow, microscopically ciliate long, 3.5 mm wide,

wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals connate into an ovate, subacute lamina, —

186 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

4-veined; petals yellow, oblong, slightly oblique, acute, denticulate, 3 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, 1-veined;

lip yellow, prone, oblong-ovate, 1.75 mm long, 1.25 mm wide, the apex obtuse with a callus beneath

cat. aa ra let or tha hk = 1

disc shallowly concave oadly truncate with a conspicuous,

& Pi

elevated glenion the base subt hortly deflexed on th d, hinged to the column foot; column

stout, 1.5 mm long and wide, the foot thick, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

ECUADOR: Pichincha: t 1 Chirit d Santo Domingo, alt. 1500 m, 28 May 1988, C. Luer, J.

Luer & A. Hirtz 13725 (Holotype: MO).

This species is another close relative of the Acronia bivalvis-complex from

which it can be recognized by the ovate, acuminate leaves and small flowers.

Although the floral pattern is similar with an ovate dorsal sepal, a similar ovate

synsepal, and oblong, denticulate petals, the lip differs with a broadly truncate base

with a distinct, elevated glenion, a broadly concave disc with erect, denticulate

margins, and a thick callus beneath the apex.

Acronia saccatilabia (C.Schweinf.) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin, Saccatilabius, ‘‘with saccate lip,” referring to the concave labellum.

na Pleurothallis saccatilabia C.Schweinf., Bot. Mus. Leafl. 8: 43, 1940.

yN.: Losterophy ilabius (C.Schweinf.) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 120, 2001.

Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 2-5.5 cm long, with a

tubular Sheath on the lower half and another 1-2 sheaths at the base. Leaf erect, thickly coriaceous, ellip-

tical-oblong, subacute, 3.5-5.5 cm long, 1-1.5 cm wide, the base cuneate, sessile. Inflorescence a suc-

cessive, single, resupinate flower, subtended by a spathe 6-7 mm long; peduncles ca. 5 mm long, con-

ae ee fl thin, tubular, 4 mm long; pedicels 5 mm long; ovary 4 mm long;

> Ss, sepal elliptical, broadly obtuse or rounded at the

apex, 7 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, 3-veined, the | $ connate into a broadly ovate, obtuse, concave

Synsepal, 6 mm long, 6mm wide, 4-veined: used with light br vate-spathulate, in-

calli at the base, and central, longitudinal cavity, the base truncate, hinged on the end to the base of the

stigma kad Out, 1 mm long, 1 mm wide, the foot obsolescent, the anther, rostellum and transverse

pag ene Mt. Ovando, alt. 1250-2370 m, July 1938, E. Matuda 2546 (Holotype: UM; Iso-

* Mt. Boquer6n, above Huixtla, alt. 1400 m, 12 Oct. 1936, O. Nagel 4353 (AMES).

2000 m, 1-2 Jen, 100 ree euuta Marfa, between Santa Marfa and Calahuaché, alt 1509

' nae VA. Steyermark (AMES, F). Alta Ve : near Coban, cultivated by O.

Milestaedt, Vivero Verapaz, Cobsin, 13 Feb, 1990, C. Lacy 14587 (MO).

This species occurs infrequently in Chiapas and neighboring Guatemala. It is

charac narrow

and erect, basal

Acronia sanchoi (Ames) Luer, comb. nov.

f Alfredo Sancho

Ety.: Named in honor o

0 l , CO-collector of the species.

Bas.: Pleurothallis Sanchoi Ames, Sched. Orchid. 4: 26, 1993,

Syn: Pleurothallis 8onioglossa Sc

‘ hitr., Repert. S Nov. Reeni s - 923

Ety.: From the Greek gonio iliiaka res Pec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 19: 189, 1923.

SYB.2 Zotiernk ns with angled lip,” referring to the thick lip bent near the middle.

Syn. py & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 119, 2001.

Plant small coach (Seti) Salach. & Marg, Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 118, 200

Tem | ith a tubular sheath on the ee Ramicauls slender, erect, suberect or horizontal, 3-

i ep perra i Raa the lower half and another 1-2 sheaths at ee we Leaf suberect or

wide, the base cuneate to very shale 7 Sp ptical-ovate to elliptical, subacute, 2.5-4 cm long, 0.8-1.6 cm

pinate flower, subtended by a , 5 ascop on Salers:

white, more or less seater 3-5 mm long; pedicels 5-10 mm long: ovary 3-4 mm long; sepals d

> Slightly concave, 5-6 m pias, ve the middle, fleshy, glabrous, the dorsal sepal

mi long, 3.5-4 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals connate into an

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 187

ovate, obtuse synsepal, 4.5-6 mm long, 4-4.5 mm wide, 4-veined; petals purple, linear-subfalcate,

eae enticulate to fringed, acute, 4-5.5 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, |-veined; lip purple , thick, cor-

date-ovate, obtuse, shortly acuminate, 2-3 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, with the ly subcre-

nulate, with the basal angles, erect, obtuse, to either side of the column, the disc concave between thick-

ened halves, with a small but distinct enon, the base deflexed, geniculate, hinged on the end to the

base of the column; ener stout, 1 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the foot obsolescent, the anther, rostellum

and transverse stigma ap

COSTA RICA: Cartago: La Estrella, : Jan. 1923, C.H. Lankester & A. Sancho 394 (Holotype AMES).

Without collection data, alt. 4,000 ft., 1867, A. Endres 48, 67 (W). Alajuela: humid forest, San Pedro de

San Ram6n, alt. 1100 ny Sept. 1921, * M. Brenes 1 78 Aero a |i gonioglossa destroyed at B, becto-

type: CR; isolectotype

ical Garden, Cartago, 7 Mar. 1995, C. Luer 17373 (MO). He nar Parqué Nacional Braulio Carrillo,

alt. 500 m, Nov. 1990, S. Ingram & K. Ingram-Ferrell 789 (CR, SEL), C. ae illustr. 17039; dey

Naciondl Braulio Carrillo, alt. 820 m, Nov. 1990, S. Ingram & K. Ingram-Ferrell 687 (CR, SEL), C

Luer femgh 17061.

MALA: Alta Verapaz: epiphytic near Coban, cultivated by O. Mittelstaedt at Coban, 13 Feb.

aaa C. Luer 14604 (MO); “‘Quixal,”” near Pampache, alt. 1460 m, 26 Feb. 1981, C. Luer, J. Luer, M.

& M. Dix 5905 (SEL

AMA: Chiriqui: Cerro Colorado, collected Sept. 1976, cultivated 16 Feb. 1977, C. Luer & H.

Butcher 1597 (SEL). Coclé: above El Copé, alt. 900 m, 17 Feb. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Dressler & K.

Dressler 10636 (MO).

s species occurs locally, but it is widely distributed in Central America from

Gidiehists to central Panama. It was first collected by Endres in the nineteenth

century. The slender ramicauls bear thick, rigid, elliptical-ovate, sessile leaves

more or less horizontally with the resupinate flower borne on top. The sepals are

pale colored while the narrowly linear-subfalcate, variously serrate, purple petals

spread. The lip is thickly cordate-ovate, obtuse, shortly acuminate, with erect,

obtuse basal lobes to either side of the base of the lip. The disc is concave between

thickened halves with a small glenion.

Acronia seamen (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, comb. ag

Ety.: n sannio, “a jester,” in allusion to the stran

Bas.: Plesrotal sannio Luer & R.Escobar, Orquideologia 21: 106. 1998. +6

Plant i large, epiphytic pitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 15- ar

cm long, with a close, tubular sheath near the middle and 2 other te at the base. ;

cori a ide,

. Berra sve narrowly ovate, acute, 9 9-10. cm! long, 2 ees cm ST ae ae L5cm 1 5-7

deep. mm

ot) wide; sahalhdaea 2- ‘i mm long, concealed within the spathe; floral bracts thin, one ca. pte

Ong; pedicels 15-18 mm long; mm 4h £ pn the lateral

Sepal ovate, obtuse, convex with recurved sides, 8 mm long, 5.5 mm wide ide expanded, 3- ana

fet 4 mm long, 8 mm wide, 4-veined, conc” 2 mm

with the sides deflexed; petals obliquely triangular-ovate, acute, serrate, pubescent, 6 pyle oe: 2.5

wide, 1-veined; lip thick, ovate, rounded at the apex, cellular- con, the base broadly

wide, the disc with a thick, protruding callus below the middle me peer 2 mm wide, the foot

truncate, with a thick reflexed claw, hinged to the column-foot; column | mm long,

thick, obsolescent, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

COI OAARITA. Cr 1

BIA: cloud olomborquideas, 30 May

2700 m, collected 12 Dec. 1994 by R. boots and W. Teague, caved seh in, alt. 2600 m, 27

1995, C. Luer ] ep (Holotype: MO). Santander: bet ween B ga and Berlin, od Sttin

toward *

Apr. 1982, r, J. ine R. Escobar & ih Portillo 7621 (SEL); east of Bu (MO). ‘Risaralda: culti-

alt. 2550 a7 he 1984, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Escobar, E. & E. Pesrng ea 16758 (MO).

vated by S. Tsubota i in Percizs, 10 May 1993, probably collected nearby, C-

scurrula whose solitary,

This species is most closely related to Peruvian Acronia scurrula the. From the latter

hon-resupinate flower emerges from a conspicuous, suberee ene ed sides; minutely

it is distinguished by a broad dorsal sepal; a synsepal with pede

f the li

pubescent, serrate petals; and a large, elevated glenion on the basal half of the "P-

188 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia sarcochila (Garay) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Greek sarcocheilos, “a fleshy lip,” referring to the labellum.

Bas.: Pleurothallis sarcochila Garay, Arquiv. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 12: 176, 1953.

Plant large, epiphytic to terrestrial, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls relatively slender, erect,

25-40 cm long, with a close, tubular sheath on the lower third and another 1-2 sheaths at the base.

nce a large, solitary, successive flower, subtended by a spathe 15 mm

2 peduncles 5-10 mm long, concealed within the sheath; floral bracts thin,

tubular, 10-12 mm long; pedicels 15-25 mm long; ovary 10 mm long; sepals shades of yellow to green

or brown, glabrous, the dorsal sepal broadly ovate, subacute, 25-42 mm long, 12-20 mm wide, 7-veined,

the lateral sepal i te, acute lamina, 25-39 mm long, 10-12 mm wide, 6-veined to indis-

tinctly 8-veined; petals orange to red-purple, oblong, obtuse, minutely denticulate, glabrous to minutely

pubescent, 12-22 mm long, 3-3.5 mm wide, l-veined (occasionally 2-veined in large specimens), with an

inconspicuous lobule on the upper margin at the base; lip red-purple to purple-brown, erect, subovate,

obtuse, smooth, 9-15 mm long, 7-9 mm wide, the margins minutely denticulate, the disc more or less

convex, with a low, subconical callus at the base, the b bcordate, thickened and shall ly concave

on the end; column stout, 3 mm long, 3 mm wide, the foot thick, bulbous, minutely pubescent, the an-

ther, rostellum and stigma apical,

ECUADOR: Carchi: El Vinculo, epiphytic in primary forest, 22 Aug. 1920, J. Holmgren 899 (Holotype:

s; isotypes: AMES, US); Bolivar, above La Paz, alt. 3100 m, 18 Feb. 1998, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz &

J. del Hierro 18717, 18739 (MO); between Tulc4n and El Carmelo, alt. 3200 m, 5 Apr. 1984, C.

Luer, S. Dalstrim & T. Héijer 9959 (MO); terrestrial in scrubby forest north of El Playén, alt. 3100 m,

20 Mar. 1991, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 15190 (MO). Sucumbios: between Playén de San Francisco

and El Carmelo, alt. 3200 m, 12 Apr. 1979, B. Lojtnant, U. Molau & M. Madison 12295 (AAU, GB).

£.

: Selva Alegre 850 m,

bus 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrim & T. Héijer 9986 (MO); Huagshi - Guantupugro, west of Otavalo, 20

wie J. Jaramillo & E. Proatto 2007 (AAU, QCA); south slope of Volcén Cotacachi, alt. 3300 m,

- 1988, U. Molau, B. Eriksen & M. Fredrikson 2638 (AAU, GB); Lago Mojando, west of Otavalo,

at. 3300 m, 17 Feb. 1998, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & J. del Hierso 18710 (MO)

Acronia sarcochila, an immensely flowered species apparently confined to

northwestern Ecuador at high a

The former was firstcollected in

Schlechter as “A. me

often indistinct, leaving the identifica-

mens to rely on personal judgement.

A ey ‘ ewe i sind) Luer, comb. nov.

se Latin se riinguis, “scabrous-lipped,” referring to the labelllum.

“ay #9 leurothallis scabrilinguis Lindl., Comp. Bot. Mag. 2: 354, 1836.

yn: Zosterophyllanthos scabrilinguis (Lindl.) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 120, 2001.

erect, sblinbott ie bacliee ve ra to epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender,

sheaths at the base, pee os mower sheath on the lower half and another 1-2

1-2 wide, the Tigid, thickly co . Narrowly ovate, acute, 4-10 cm

ime subtended the base mellowty cordate, sessile. Inflorescence a single, successive, resupinate

thin, tubular, 4-7 mm long: silelaas «. peduncles 1-3 mm long, concealed within the sheath; floral

elli

brown; sepals glabrous dorsal 10 mm long; ovary 3-4 mm long; flowers purple, yellow, oF

wide, hveued te se i Sepal elliptical-ovate, subacute to obtuse, 6-10 mm long, 2.5-7 mm

mum long, 4-8 mm wide, 4-vein na te into a broadly ovate, obtuse, shallowly concave synsepal, 5-10

long, 0.5-1.25 mm wi ined ee aaowly linear-triangular, acute, minutely denticulate, 3-7 mm

base concave on the end, hin verrucose with ulate margins, with a glenion

Wide, the foot obsolescent, the anther, rostelhumn pi the column; column stout, 1.5 mm long

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 189

PERU: without locality, 1835, Matthews 1904 (Holotype: K; Isotypes: BR, W). Cuzco: Quispicanchis,

Quine mil, alt. 643 m, P. Nufiez V. 13772 (MO).

UADOR: Carchi: east of the pass above Maldonado, alt. 2450 m, 15 Jan. 1992, C. Lwer, J. Luer, A. &

P. Jesup 16030 (MO). Pichincha: road cut west of Nono, alt. 3200 m, 9 Mar. 1976, C. Luer, J. Luer &

P. Taylor 798 (SEL); terrestrial at San Juan Pass, alt. 3420 m, 11 Jan. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. & P.

Jesup 13840 (MO); west of Calacali, alt. 1800 m, 14 May 1988, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 13321 (MO).

: north of Baeza, alt. 1500 m, 10 Aug. 1978, C. Luer 3186 (MO).

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: north of Santa Rosa de Osa, alt. 2650 m, 14 Mar. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, S.

Dalstrém & W. Teague 14138 (MO); between La Union and Sons6n, alt. 2000 m, collected by E. Valen-

Escobar 8308 (MO).

This species is locally abundant in the Andes of Colombia, through Ecuador into

into Peru. Great masses of plants accumulate under the protection of tough grasses

that grow along the edges of road embankments, often at altitudes over 3000 meters

above sea level. Hundreds of the narrow leaves overlap as they protrude horizontal-

ly from under the vegetation. They are always with some flowers that vary in color

from yellow through the reds to dark purple in the same population. Larger speci-

mens grade into the variable Acronia bivalvis.

The ramicauls are slender, bearing a narrowly ovate, more or less pendent or

spreading leaf that is shallowly cordate at the base. The three-veined dorsal sepal

varies from acute to obtuse. Occasionally a faint, extra pair of veins is present. The

petals are narrow, acute and minutely denticulate-erose. The minutely verrucose-

denticulate lip is variable in shape, from triangular-ovate to obovate, or oblong-

elliptical.

Acronia scaphipetala (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin scaphipetalus, ‘‘with boat-shaped petals,” referring to the concave petals.

Bas.: Pleurothallis scaphipetala Luer, Lindleyana 11: 94, 1996. y

Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, suberect aa aces y

6.5 cm long, with a loose, tubular sheath on the lower half and another | Siten ei ee

suberect or horizontal, rigid, thickly coriaceous, elliptical, obtuse, 3-3.5 cm long, ! wide,

base broadly cuneate, sessile. Inf SUCCESSIVE: net end sheath: floral bracts

: les 3-4 mm long,

11 mm long; peduncles g i ly mottled wi

synsepal, 6.5 mm long, 6.5 mm wide, 4-veined; petals penne eres tase ternal at the apex,

cave, obtuse, 3.25 mm long, 2.25 mm wide, 1-veined, with the vein f sng? os mm wide,

lip purple-brown, thick, ovate, deeply concave, obtuse, abruptly of

with basal angles erect, obtuse, flanking the column, the disc with a low +9 hinged to the base of the

the middle within the cavity, transversely thickened across the ase anther.

column; column stout, 1.5 mm long, 1 mm wide, the foot obsolescent, :

verse sti al.

flowered in cultivation at the

COSTA RICA: Limén: near Gufpiles, “low altitude,” collector unineme ).

Lankester Botanical Garden, 7 Mar. 1995, C. Luer 17371 (Holotype: CR: SOtyP® allied to Acronia

This species from lowland eastern Costa Rica is most gppleee Garden in

excavata. It is known only by the specimen cultivated at a ceont within, and

Cartago. It is distinguished by the sepals that are oy en? aed ert of

the concave petals and lip. The petals are basically s ay more deeply concave,

and A. excavata, but they are considerably lar, ect, : Tt, concave and iculate

more or less enclosing the lip and column. The lip 1s as ae a pair of low calli

with basal angles that embrace the column. Within the cavity

converge toward the apex.

190 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia scurrula (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin scurrula, “a little clown,” in allusion to the appearance of the flower.

Bas.: Pleurothallis scurrula Luer, Selbyana 3: 182, 1976.

Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 5-12 cm long,

with a close, tubular sheath he middle and 2 other sheaths at th e. Leaf suberect to horizontal,

coriaceous, ovate, acute, 5-8 cm long, 2-3 cm wide, the base sessile, cordate. Inflorescence a successive

single, non-resupinate flower, borne erect from a suberect spathe 1-1.5 cm long, at the base of the leaf;

peduncles 2-3 mm long led within the sheath; floral bracts thin, tubular, 6-8 mm long; pedicels

12-15 mm long; ovary 4-5 mm long; sepals pale yellow-green, glabrous, the middle sepal ovate-triangu-

lar, acute, with recurved margins, 11 mm long, 5 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals connate into a

transversely ovate synsepal, 7 mm long, 9 mm wide, 4-veined, broadly rounded at the apex, concave

centrally; petals green or red, glabrous, oblong-ovate, acute, 7 mm long, 3 mm wide, 1-veined, with

recury ins; lip uppermost, red with yellow margins, oblong, rounded at the apex, 3 mm long, 2

mm wide, the disc minutely subverrucose, sulcate centrally between a pair of longitudinal calli, callous

thickened t the base with a small glenion at the summit, the base acutely deflexed upon itself,

to the column-foot; column | mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the foot obsolescent, with the anther, ros-

m and stigma apical.

tellu

PERU: Without locality, collected by Fred Fuchs, Jr., cultivated at J & L Orchids, Easton, CT, 18 Oct.

1975, C. Luer 293-S (Holotype: SEL). Amazonas: Bongara, eastern end of Lago Pomacocha, alt. 2330

m, 14 Apr. 1984, TB. Croat 58257 (MO); forest around Laguna Pomacochas, alt. 2250 m, 20 Mar. 1998,

H. van der Werff et al. 1523] (MO).

This not uncommon, little, Peruvian species is distinguished by the erect, non-

resupinate flower held above the surface of the ovate leaf. The broadly rounded,

uppermost synsepal stands behind the oblong lip which is acutely deflexed at the

peel te middle sepal is acute and points downward while a petal recurves from

Acronia oe (Lindl.) Luer, comb. nov.

“eg : the Latin semiscabrus, “partly rough,” referring to the labellum.

: Pleurothallis semiscabra Lindl., Orch. Linden. 2: 1846.

seu een : Size to large, epiphytic, Caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect to

: ; heh ng, with a close, tubular sheath near the middle and 2 other sheaths at the base.

2$4ea ck ee sninteoen, ovate to narrowly ovate, acute, slightly acuminate, 7-9 cm long,

a reclining spathe 1 ae » cordate. a successive, single, non-resupinate flower, from

talicher: Sun bce ae 8; peduncles 4-5 mm long, concealed within the spathe; floral bracts thin,

> mm a cmanee 9-10 mm ae ovary 6 mm long; sepals yellow, glabrous, the middle gt

veined, the Sepals connate into a veka ciated baien a3 ia ae yen +s ange

ined; petals yellow, obovate-spathulate, obtuse, apiculate, 6-7 mm long

wend on ~ near the — minutely verrucose with 3 elevated veins above the middle; lip yellow,

shallowly , mapper at the apex, diffusely verrucose, 3-3.5 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, the disc

reflexed, concave on the end pei the base with a elevated glenion, the base broadly truncate, shortly

ae Shae aged to the column-foot; column light green, 1 mm long, 2 mm wide, the

€rmucose, with the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

VEN! Ae | :

ie lirebeat amberns 6,000-7,000 ft., 1844, J. Linden 669 (Holotype: K; Isotypes: G, W): With-

ones Teale nd OY GC-K. Dunsterville at Hatillo, 24 July 1982, C. Luer 8088 (SEL).

Tujillo road, on crest of divide, alt, 6,000 ft., Feb. 1961, G.C.K. Dunsterville 597.

dma fon-resupinate flower borne from a reclining spathe at the base of a cordate

€ sepal is round and the uppermost synsepal behind the lip is trans-

v | : :

ersely ovate. The petals are widest toward the apex and apiculate. The lip is

diffusely verrucose.

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 191

Acronia ore (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, comb. no

wa n honor of the late Father Sergio Restrepo J., ‘SJ. of Medellin, Colombia, who dis-

Ss species

Bas. Pleurothallis sergioi Luer & R.Escobar, Orquideologia 22: 272, 2003.

Plant small, To. caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 5-6 cm long, with a

close, tubular sheath below the middle and another at the base. thick] vl

elliptical-oblong, acute, subconduplicate, 4.5-5.5 cm long, 0. 7-0.8 cm wide, the base cuneate, shortly

subcordate, sessi sile. Inflorescence a fascicl e 0 of 4-8 baa. simultanous flowers borne from a small,

ca. | mm long; bracts 2-3 mm long; pedicels 2-3

mm long; ovary 5a =) mm long; noms parts dull yet with the veins peeiii the

e, 4 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals completely

connate into an ovate synsepal ual to the dorsal sepal, 3.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, 4-veined; petals

narrowly triangular, acute, 1.5 mm long, 0.5 mm wide; lip ovate, obtuse, 2.5 mm long, | .75 mm wide,

the disc very shallowly concave centrally, the base shallowly concave with a i ly large glen-

ion, oe to the base of the column-foot; column stout, dorsally ¢ compressed, semiterete, 0.75 mm

long, 1.5 mm wide, the anther and bilobed stigma api ical.

COLOMBIA: without collection data, collected and cultivated by Father Sergio Restrepio, El Retiro, =

July 1978, C. Luer 2958 (Holotype: SEL).

Father Sergio Restrepio cultivated this plant in his collection near El Retiro,

Colombia, but his collection data were unknown. It is characterized by a small

habit; narrow, rigid, thickly coriaceous, more OF less conduplicate leaves; a ee a

fascicle of several, simultaneous, yellow flowers with red-brown stripes alon

veins. The sepals are obtuse, the petals are much smaller and acute, an the tip is

obtusely ovate.

Acronia serricardia (Schitr.) Luer, comb. no lane

Ety.: pd oe Latin serra, “‘a saw,” and the Greek tardia, “a heart,” in allusion to the

Pan erect to

long, with a ore tubular sheath on the lower third sek another 1-2 sheaths at eurer es

suberect, coriaceous, oblong-ovate, subacute, acuminate, 7-15 cm long, 2.5-5 cm wide, no _

deeply cordate. Inflorescence a solitary large, successive flower, subt a spathe

peduncles 2-4 mm long, concealed within the sheath; floral bracts t |

10-25 mm long; ovary 7 mm long; flowers yellow, often suffused with red or purple; pol

cally ciliate-pubescent to minutely pubescent externally, the dorsal sepal gun hing a

acute, 20-33 mm long, 10-18 mm wide, 7-veined, the late ateral sepals connate niente

t, 9-18 mm long, 1.25-2 mm wide, I-vein Orage Mic, cellular-glandular, with

obtuse, with dec sides above the middle, 5.5-9.5 mm long, 3-45 mm Wi -

denticulate margins, with a glenion at the base, the base su ‘ner and stigma apical.

stout, 2 mm long, 3 mm wide, the foot thick, minutely pubescent, the anther and sg

W. Hopp 172

COLOMBIA: Nariiio: near Ipiales on the Ecuadorian border, alt. 2900 m. owt has 1900 m, 1 Nov.

page destroyed at B; neotype: ?). above magenes S mine east of Ri alt. at 1950, 2 Nov. 1979, C.

C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 4511 (SEL); La Planada above Ricaurie-

Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 4544, 4575 (SEL). adifiors ta *

Acronia serricardia, apparently intermediate between ‘ ete to the other

linguifera, occurs in southernmost Colombia. Vegetatively, tt rere similar, but the

related large-flowered species of the section. The flowers ith recurved sides as -

sepals and petals are ciliate-scabrous. The lip is elongat 43

A. adonis, or A. linguifera, but it, too, is ciliate and !

Acronia sigynes (Lu

er) Luer, comb. no habit.

reek sigynes, “a spear vedied to the appearance of the

Ety.: From the G:

Bas.: Pleurothallis sigynes Luer, Selby ana 3; 186, 1976.

192 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Plant medium in si epiphytic, F it | Ramicauls ain erect, 10-30 cm long,

with a close, tubular sh ddle and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf erect, coriaceous,

ovate to narrowly ovate, acute, 4-10 cn cm long, 1.5-4 cm wide, the il gate Inflorescence a

fascicle of successive, single, widely spread flowers, 1-5 produced simultane eously, subtended by a

spathe 7-10 mm long; peduncles 1-2 mm long, concealed within sheath; kop as “ tubular, 3-5

mm long; pedicels 4-9 mm long; ovary 2.5-4 mm long; sepals light brown, more suffused with

red-brown along the veins, glabrous, the dorsal sepal clipical-ovate, acute, +? mm m Tong 2.5- ee 5 mm

wide, 3-veined (occasionally inco; letely 5-veined), t ute

synsepal, 6-9 mm long, 3.5-5 mm wide, 6-veined; petals yellow- -brown, pacsiety lincai-aene er

ique, acute, entire to microscopically oh pest 2.25-3.5 mm long, | mm wide at the base, 1-veined:

lip yellow to 0 brown, coer ore S vate, subacute 0 obtuse, flat, 2-3 mm long, 1.5-1.75 mm wide, the surface

date a medium

end, higed to the ie bok os Bi transversely semiterete, 0.75-1 mm long, 0.75-1 mm wide, the

thick, obsolescent, with th the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

R: Pichincha: along the old road between Quito and Santo Domingo, alt. 1500 m, 2 Mar.

1975, C. = & R. Kent 295 (Holotype: SEL); same area, near Chiriboga, alt. 1600 m, 3 July 1967, C.H.

Williams & R. Adams 3726, 3728 (MO, SEL). Los Rios: Montafias de Ila, alt. 540 m, 24

May IG C CH. raha rae 6126 (SEL). El Oro: below Pifias, alt. 22? m, 7 Mar 1977, C. Luer 1580

(SEL); C. Luer 6824 (SEL); same area, 20 Apr. 1989, cultivated in Chamblee. GA, F L Ste-

venson 89-1221-2 (MO), C. Luer illustr, 16320,

COLOMBIA: r: between Abrego and Sardinata, alt. 1730 m, 12 Nov. 1981, C. Luer

R. Escobar & D. Portillo 6676 (SEL); epiphytic in cloud forest, Alto de Santa Inez, alt. 2100 m, 13 May

1984, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Escobar & E. creas 10312 (MO). Cauca: Bolivar, San Juan de Villalobos,

collected by J. Aguirre, rote rquideas, 26 Mar. 1997, R. Escobar 8303 (MO).

In Some populations the leaf is distinctly longer and narrower than the ovate

leaves usually seen, The dorsal sepal is three-v

-veined, but frequently an incomplete,

itional pair develops. re .

Acronia siphoglossa

By: Ronee (Luer & R Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas.: Pleurothallis X siphoglossa, “a tube-like € tongue,” referring to the tubular lip.

siphoglossa Luet & R.Escobar, Orquideologia 20: 82, 1996.

re medium to large i size, epiphytic, caes

Pitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender to relatively

sity sean tps with a close, tubular sheath on the lower third and 1-2 other sheaths at the

cm long, 3-7 cm wide reer, Pies Ovate to narrowly ovate, acute, manele acuminate, 10-13

bs » the base sessile, cordate to deeply c Inflorescence a fascicle of successive,

han a py be spathe 10-15 mm bag. peduncles 2-4 mm long, penate! within the

thieromonicany ciliate. mrad dre long; pedicels 8-12 mm long; ovary stout, 5-6 mm long; se

purple or brown along i De me purple to brown, the dorsal sometimes suffused with

oe decurved, ob’

: 12 mm long, 1.5-2.5 mm wide, | 4-8 mm

= above the base, the margins de 1-veined; lip erect, subovate, 6-8 mm long,

nticulate, the te > Foe

» the apex acute, more or urved up ae erraiue above the middle, meeting belo oO

the base and

he halt I . ea stout

1984, C ’ 1 of Velez toward Landazuri, alt. 2400 m, 4 May

m, collected ler cedar noe Valen 10104 (Holotype: MO); Virolin, El Taladio, alt. 2200

de Santander: Alio de S tivated at Colo , 2 Jan. 1993, R. Escobar 5158 (MO). Norte

cia 10311 (MO). — ee. 8 Mins May 1984, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Escobar & E. Valen-

& W. Teague 14 “3 arumal, alt. 2500 m, 14 Mar. 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer, S. Dalstrém

culivated st Colomboyeoee in, La Cifuentes, alt. 2350 m, collected by M. Zapata, 29 Dec. 1992,

: Dec. 1992, R. Escobar 5132 (MO).

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 193

VENEZUELA: without collection ~_ pe 1967, G.C.K. Dunsterv

ECUADOR: Morona-Santiago: east of the pass east of rene nie m, 15 May 1988, C. Luer, A

Hirtz et al. 13349 (MO); above Chigu inda, alt. 2600 m, 1990, A. Hirtz 5054 (MO); same area,

alt. 2700 m, 1 May 2004, A. Hirtz et ian 8719 (MO). ene ate Gima, cultivated by Linder Suin, 6

Mar. 2001, C. Luer 1977 (MO).

his species is illustrated in the Field Guide of Orchids of Venezueala (3: 767,

ie and identified as Pleurothallis grandiflora [=A. grandiflora (Lindl.) Luer).

The species illustrated in Venezuelan Orchids Illustrated (4: 219, 1966), also identi-

fied as P. grandiflora, probably is A. linguifera.

Pleurothallis siphoglossa occurs in the Central Cordillera and the Eastern Cor-

dillera of Colombia, adjacent Venezuela, and Ecuador. Although it does not grow

intermixed with the closely allied A. grandiflora, the geographic ranges of the two

species overlap. Vegetatively, the two species are indistinguishable. However, the

very distinctive lip of A. siphoglossa permits easy recognition. Instead of ovate and

more or less convex, the lip has acutely revolute sides above the middle, with the

margins in apposition below to form a tube. The tube often curves up at the apex as

seen in A. deflexa and A. millei.

Acronia ae Luer, Sp. nov. : :

Pe ere Pe epee | ; ] Garden, who collected this species.

T species —— Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae Lindl., foliis anguste ovatis acutis ramicaulibus

revi sepalis subacutis, petalis oblongis denticulatis, et labello grande elliptico crasso concavo

distin

PRGA OE caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls stout, erect, 15-32 cm long, with a

int sheath below the middle and another at the base. Leaf suberect to spreading, coriaceous, narrow

ly ovate, acute, sli My acuminate, oe cm long, 3-3.5 cm wide dry, ase sessile, cordate. Inflor-

cs ak tended te akg spathe 15-17 mm long, peduncles ca. 2 mm

long, concealed within the sheath; a bracts ca. 5 mm long; pedicels hee mm long; ovary _ ~

long; sepals feng reel vii a the dors al sepal benachy ovate, subacute, con ed 4 pepe ks

wide, 7-veined :

6-veined; petals siieon acute, denticulate, 9 mm | 1.75 mm wide; lip fleshy, Ortk oc. 4

most microscopically cellular within, elliptic site ares fEayee 3.5 mm wide, the . wy

concave with thick, elevated, minutely denticulate margins, , shallowly concave

eo hinged to the column-foot; column stout, 2. 5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the foot thick, obsolescent,

th the

anther, rostellum and stigma apica

BOLIVIA: La Paz: Sud Yungas, southeast of Unduavi, alt. 3000 m, growi legen Pa road embank-

ment, 6 Nov. 1982, J. Solomon 8699 (Holotype: MO; Isotype: SEL), C. Luer villust: Aue

Vegetatively similar to all those species characterized by a spreading, narrowly

ovate leaf, this species is distinguished by subacute sepals with the Pad ce

veined; oblong, denticulate petals; and a large, elliptical lip that is shallowly con-

cave and flat between elevated margins. It is known from only one collection at a

high altitude in northcentral Bolivia.

Acronia sotarae Sanit ) aga rene gal LPP aey

.: Named for Volcan Te es Heh. 7: 115, 1920.

Bas.: Pleurothallis sotarae Schitr., ages Spec "No. Regn VEE Sis bane: with

Plant large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls gaa ews ‘ . ap ; pastes

tubular eng below the middle and 2 other s gt a at (one 2-4 an’ wits. = ~ sessile, cordate.

cm long,

spathe 1- ; peduncles 2-3

a successive, sane flower, subtended by a reclining Il gorees cnr ery mm long;

mm long, concealed within the sheath; floral bracts tubular, pen mm gd ony Mita

ovary 5-6 mm long; sepals kee cellular-pubescent, ~

12 mm wide ppUe narrowly linear, acute, — ie suber’

. 5 i ng, obtuse, 13.5-15 mm long, 2-

te wide oh ; lip vehoure — lar, thick, concave on the end, hinged

‘ convex, with a glen base,

to the column-foot; column stout, 2 mm long, 2 mm wide, the foot thick, with the anther, rostellum and

gma apical.

194 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

COLOMBIA: Cauca: in dense, ~ forest, west t slope of Voleén of Sotard, central Andes of Popayan,

alt. 2800-3000 m, June-July 1877, B: Lectotype: K; Isolecto-

sere AMES), C. Luer illustr. eh "Pian de Baril, alt. 3070 m, 27 July 1978, C. Luer, J. Luer, R

obar & A. Lehmann de Sarria 3036 (SEL); Paramo alt. 3150 m, 13 Nov. 1982, C. Lusty

oO R Escobar 8384 (SEL).

This large species from southern Colombia, first collected by Lehmann, is noted

for the acute sepals each about two and a half centimeters long; a three-veined

sepal; decurved, slender, denticulate petals; and an oblong lip about one and

a half centimeters long. It was accurately illustrated by Schlechter. It is similar to

A. adonis, but instead of an erect, tubular lip, the large, oblong lip lies within the

synsepal.

Acronia sphaerantha (Luer) Luer, ayn nov.

Ety.: From the Greek sphaeranthos, “*sphere-lik wags a to the flower.

Bas.: Pleurothallis sphacrantha Laer, Selbyana ! 1: 292,

__ Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Lae suberect, slender, 4-7 cm long, en-

the middle by ther 1- s at the base. Leaf spreading, thickly

aceous, rigid, ovate, acute, 3-4 -S.cm long, 1.5-2.8 cm wide, the base sessile, deeply cordate. Inflor-

mm lo

long, 4 mm wide, 4-veined ined; petals ovate, acute, entire, 4mm lon :

oblong, , ng, 1.2 mm wide, 1-veined; lip ovate

hi obtuse, 2.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the disc f , the base truncate with a small glenion,

Pecghes the end to the column-foot; column erect, stout, terete, 1.5 mm long, | mm broad, the foot

Stigma apical.

rostellum and sti

ECTIANOD: pecs

0, alt. 500 m, 29 July, 1975, C. Luer, G. Luer & S.

perespeongh (Holotype: SEL) Mere alt. ca. 1100 m, 25 5 May 1968, G. Harling , G. Storm & B. Strim

Gualaceo. co Mar. 2001. C Lise pier ines aa near Sinai, ee ca. 900 m, pe sien at Ecuagenera,

__ This small species is apparently endemic in the eastern lowlands of Ecuador. It

is characterized by the horizontal, en cordate leaf with a small, spherical flower

paper large lip fills the Pile and is fitted snugly within the concave

Be eg haere | (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Y.: Named for the similarity of the li

to a lip of the

By hones, oi iis Luet, Selbyana 7: 122, 1982.

a _ = alin sculptilis, “sculptured,” in allusion to the concave surfaces of the lip.

with a close, tubular sheatt Piphylc, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 6-17 cm long,

bome from an erect to suberec condu a fascicle of solitary, non-resupinate, successive

- 4 | at the

base of the leaf: peduncles 3-7 mm lone up" ee eececas Spathe 8- 13. mm long, 5 6m n beam! road : bes

; ovary cbhdes peak 2-3 mm long: se me lightl

cellular. ee ig; Sepals yellow-white, more or less lightly

sis cg lular-papillose within, the dorsal sepal

chew # ae ‘ the co , the disc dancaie centrally, the base *

mm broad the anther and bilobed sigma area, pine Me column-foot; column stout, 2 mm long,

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 195

ECUADOR: Zamora-Chin j t above Valladolid, alt. ca. 2000 m, July 1975,

collected by W. Teague, rz ‘Figueroa & D D. Welisch, cultivated by! Ww. Teague i in Francisco, CA, 12

1978, c. r 3635 (H gana, alt. 2480 m, 4

1982, C. Luer, A. Andreetta, D. tess: & S. Dalstrim 7180 (SEL, type ae P. sculptilis); above

Valladolid, alt. 2100 m, 19 May 1986, D. D’Alessandro 671 (MO).

‘achaco, south of Yangana toward Valladolid, alt. 2450 m, 24 July 1985, C.H. Dodson, A. Embree

& D. ‘D’Alessandro 16025 (MO).

This species was first discovered along the old camino de herradura between

Valladolid and Yangana before construction of the road was begun. It is closely

related to Acronia cardiostola and its affinities, but it is distinguished from all of

them by the flat, thickly coriaceous, cordate leaves, and a small, pale yellow, non-

resupinate flower with the uppermost synsepal deeply concave and hoodlike. The

non-reflexed petals are acute and minutely verrucose. The thick, transverse lip is

similar to that of A. cardiostola.

Acronia stellata (I. Ramirez & Camevali) Luer, — nov.

From the Latin stellatus, “‘stellate,” referring to the shape of the flower

Bas.: doesesyargsee stellata 1. Ramirez & Camera, Novon 13(4): 417, 2003.

+s slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 10-12 cm long,

with 2 thin tubular sheaths ‘sie the middle and another at the base. Leaf horizontal, coriaceous,

narrowly ovate, acute, 7-9 cm long, 2-2.5 cm wide, the base cordate, sessile. rescence a soli iat

resupinate flower produced successively from a ere spathe 2 cm long, at the base of the lea

I 10 ovary ca. 3 mm long; flower deep

sepals glabrous (microscopically papillose), the pees sepal ovate, acuminate, acute, 12 mm long, 6 mm

wide, 5-veined ly ovate, acute s' 12 mm long, 5 mm Ww

6-veined; petals n arrowly ovate, acute, acuminate thick, finely ciliate, 8.5 mm long, 1.8 mm wide, 1-

veined; lip fleshy, 7 glandular, subovate-triangular, obtuse, 2 mm d

base again truncate with a transverse pret concave on the end, hinged to the base of the column;

column stout, 1.5 mm tke ong, with a broad, thi

VENEZUELA: Dist. Fed.: above Limén, forest at ca. 4,500 ft., Mar. 1961, G.C.-K-

(Holotype: AMES) :

This species, apparently endemic in coastal Venezuela, was collected and il-

lustrated by Dunsterville in 1961, published in Novov in 2003, and used ocr nl

courtesy of AMES. His sketch #610 has been modified for the ie nt sea by

The flower is distinguished by a deep purple color that was artistically ex pant i

him. The habit with a narrowly ovate, horizontal, cordate leaf is epeng : a aan

the section. The sepals and petals are acute and widely expanded. The ™p

or less triangular with suberect lateral angles.

Dunsterville 610

Acronia gs (Luer) Luer, dauss no

Ety.: From the Greek stenotos, * eve to the slender vegetative and floral parts.

“5 1977.

Bas.: Pesos stenota Luer, Selbyan 3: 3 sah send sere 58. 8.

w the middle pa 23 pre ‘sheaths niga

siactous, nano narrowly FER acute, 69 cm long, peesys wide, the base sesst

cordate. Inflorescence a bone of successive, sin owers, : the: floral bracts

subtended by a spathe 7-8 mm long; peduncles 1-2 mm long, Ceca ie ge-brown, gla-

thin, tubular, pth Apo mm long; pedicels 10-11 mm long; ovary 3 mm long, ide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals

ene, ins dorsal sepal narrowly ovate, ages 12. mm long, 3 me -veined; petals orange, narrow-

‘. tangata acute, 4 mm long, 1 mm wide, I-veined, base soba with a <a shallowly

poke a mm long, : 2mm wide, the disc wee iia: the tout, 1 mm long, | mm w le, the foot

thick, bulbous, minutely pubescent, the anther, pete =e pa ae

196 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

ECUADOR: Id old road bet uayaquil and Cuenca, alt. ca.

500 m, 1 Mar. 1977, C Luer, J. Luer & K. Cordoba 1584 (Holotype: Sa forest of Choucayacu, west

Andes above Naranjal, alt. 500 m, EC. Lehmann 4507 (K). Chimborazo: Spruce s.n. (K). El Oro: west

of Pifias, 2 900m, fet. 1979, C.H. Dodson, A. Gentry & G. Shupp 9001 (MO). Napo: east of El

Chaco, ‘0 Agrio, alt. 1700 m, 7 Nov. 1974, A. Gentry 12592 (MO).

This species is apparently endemic in southwestern Ecuador at low altitudes. It

is distinguished by the slender ramicauls and erect, narrowly ovate leaves that are

shallowly cordate at the base. Several light orange or tan flowers are often pro-

uced simultaneously. The dorsal sepal, synsepal and the petals are narrowly ovate,

and the lip is oblong with the apex rounded.

Ege ey temeny (C. Schweinf.) Luer, ane bare

Ety.: From subtilis, “fine, delicate, erring to the habit.

Bas.: astotess eu i ahead sae Bot 28: 188, 1951.

Syn : Zoste — (C.Schweinf.) Szlach & Marg , Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 121, 2001.

Plan cauls weg erect, 5-20 cm long,

= yea ev sheath b thbelow tie ainsi wba 2 other 85 a the *e Byer erect, suberect, to

-8 mm wide wi

by a spathe 5-8 mm long; peduncles +7 mm long, concealed within the

sheath; floral bracts 5 mm long; pedicels 4-5 mm ng Seg re 2 mm long; ne pale yellow- ae to

yellow-orange, fleshy, glabrous, the dorsal sepal ovoid, d ly concave, with the 5mm

long, 2.5 mm wide unexpanded, 3-veined, the lateral sepals orore intoa docnly concave, broadly

ovate, obtuse synsepal, 3 mm long, 3 mm wide unexpanded, 2-v ned; petals ovate-triangular, acute,

quire, 5: mm long, 1 mm wide, 1-veined: lip thick, ovoid, cee ‘a apex, 2.3 mm long, 2 mm wide,

peg verrucose, shallowly sulcate centrally, the base truncate, acutely deflexed into a broad, rounded

ors core to the column-foot; = terete, 2 mm long, the foot thick, convex, long-pubescent, with

* Mérida

VENEZA ro above La Carbonera. alt

2430-2475 m, 22 Apr. 1944, J.A. a 56030 lone: ‘i "isotypes eae akg VEN); La

Perens near Mérida, alt. 7,000 ft., May 1961, G.C.K. Dunste

oo ere 26733 (AMES (AMES). Trujillo: above Esme between eect see La Mesa de

preside Ye ges 1971, J.A. Steyermark et al. 104691 (K, VEN). Tachira: vicinity

1994, (K),C. Luerillustr. | eg alt, 2650 m, 10 Oct. 1965, L. Bernardi 11030 (G, K). Data lost, Nov.

This species ave western Venezuela is distinct both vegetatively and florally.

The long, narrow leaves with revolute sides more or less spread from the slender

peace Oe that bear them. Vegetatively, it is inseparable from Acronia calamifolia

rom the neighboring Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, and from Ecuadorian A.

lemniscifolia with more pendent leaves.

The flowers of Acronia subtilis are suborbicular with the deeply concave dorsal

RAI synsepal gaping to break the sphere. From between the two halves the

€ petals protrude. The fleshy lip is thickly, ovoid and verrucose. The base is

Sharply deflexed into a broadly concave claw. It is sigmoid in the lateral view.

Acronia suinii Luer, Sp. nov.

= Named for Linde Sui of SEER yeas who discovered and cultivates this s

Species haec A species.

duplo | latinas: oa or CRT. dt Luer r similis, sed d scpalis is proportione latioribus, petalis

Plant large, epiphytic

long, with a tubular ¢} esi; oats cane Ramicauls stout, erect to suberect, more than 25 cm

thickly coriaceous, ovate, acute 1e base. Leaf suberect to spreading.

cence a single flower, ¢, 16 cm long, 7 cm wide, the base sessile, cordate. Inflores-

ovary 7-8 mm

Bor toe a reclinin

within the . ,

subverrucose along the veins, ‘fleshy, glabrous externally eae

veined and lightly suffused with tan, su

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 197

papillose within, the dorsal eee 8 pranely: ovate, obtuse, concave, 19-20 mm long, re mm wide unex-

» 19 mm g, 13 mm wide,

11-veined, the late p

6-veined; petals yellow, iy ae round at the apex, glabrous | to th

subverrucose, 11 mm long, 5 mm wide; lip yellow-orange, glabro us, at most pevsdarsx vgs subverru-

cose, suborbicular, the apex eee 8 mm long, 8.5 mm wide, the disc slightly convex, the base trun-

cate, shallowly concave on the end, hinged to the column-foot; column stout, 2 mm long, 2 mm wide,

the foot thick, obsolescent, with the anther, rostellum and stigma api

ECUADOR: Azuay: near Gima, alt. ca. 3000 m, collected and cultivated by Linder Suin 803, 6 Mar.

2001, C. Luer 19772 (Holotype: MO).

This large species, similar to the relatively frequent Acronia nephroglossa, is

apparently rare on the eastern slopes of the Andes of southern Ecuador. It is distin-

guished by slightly smaller, yellow flowers with proportionately wider, obtuse

sepals. The petals are broader and without papillae. The lip is suborbicular, essen-

tially smooth and also devoid of papillae, with a truncate, non-cordate base. The

species is most similar to A. /langanatensis, but differs in the suborbicular lip

without decurved sides.

Acronia tandapiensis Luer & Hirtz, s

Ety.: Named for the community of Tandapi, n ca meson the species was col

Species haec Acroniae matudanae (C.Schweinf.) Luer affinis, sed folio minore, petalis denticulatis

et labello late ovato differt

Plant small to medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. on er pat

cm long, with acl ose, tubular sheath below t Inflores-

ceous, narrowly ovate, pews, < 5-7 cm long, 1.5-2 cm wide, the base sessile, one phere he hate

cence a single, successive Wy ape abrous

of the leaf; floral bract 5 mm chyhany tae 10% mm me ovary 3.5 mm on : SP a aenady bers aaa

Sepal elliptical-ovate, subacute, 7 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals inear-oblong, acy 5.5

into an ovate pda a 6.5 mm long, on is nher 6-veined; petals decurved 3.5 mm wide,

mm long, | mm wide, with the margins denticulate; lip ovate, , obtuse, tack, 3. a mm mm ne. 3 base of the

the disc shallowly channeled centrally, th ea beet ret

lumn-foot; column stou ut, semiterete, 1 mm long, 1. 5 mm wide, the amber ae

Luer & A. Embree 12066

ECUADOR: Pichincha: below Tandapi, alt. 1600 m, 27 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J

(Holotype: MO). soils

ilar to

This species from the western slopes of the Andes of Ecuador is simi

the latter by the small,

Acronia “A ae uer) Luer, comb. nov. pees

Ety.: re. Leh apy Walter Teague of San Francisco, CA, who collected this spe

as acess teaguei Luer, Lindleyana 11: 187, 1996. a oe tet 30-90

Plant very large, epiphytic to terrestrial, caespitose; roots le third, and 2-3 sheaths at the

cm long, with a close, tubular sheath ca. 12 cm long covering the m

» 30-35 cm raed Leaf wep fo to page: coriaceous, singe

i . Inflorescence a

oncave, 28-35 mm wide, 8-

throws dra pat broadly ee, ores deeply one synsepal 27-32 hapgac airgeseegee

veined, convex above the base: aay eesey tubular, ete G05 %4 8mm et 12 mm wide,

Ong, 3.5 mm wide, unexpanded; lip thick, transversely ncate, deflexed,

the broadly rounded apex revolute, atkenty — the peeee pad, the anther and bilobed sigma api

to the column-foot; column stout, 3 mm long,

the foot thick, obsolescent.

191, collected

ECUADOR: Esmeraldas: along road to Cachaco of Lita, alt. eee peat isco by W.

*y W. Teague, M. Behar, S. Beckendorf, R. Hamilton & J- sai 1S Ae 1986, A. I vee 2920 (MO).

Teague s.n. (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 16301; same I

198 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

This huge species is apparently endemic in northwestern Ecuador. It is distin-

guished by large, deeply cordate, spreading leaves with two or three immense,

deep purple flowers borne on top of the leaf. The suborbicular, dorsal sepal is

deeply concave and multiveined. The ovate synsepal is convex above the base, and

the tubular, convolute petals are bent as they lie over the base behind the lip. The

lip is thick, transversely obovate and convex with a broadly rounded, revolute apex.

Acronia telamon (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Greek ¢ on or a sword,” in allusion to the strap-like leaves.

Bas.: Pleurothallis telamon Luer, Selbyana 5: 185, 1979.

Plant medium in size to large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls purple, stout, suber-

ect to horizontal, 9-20 cm long, enclosed below the middle by a closely appressed, tubular sheath, and 2-

3 other sheaths at the base. Leaf horizontal to pendent with weight, suffused with purple, coriaceous,

narrowly linear-ovate, acute, 12-2] cm long, 2.8-3.6 cm wide, the base sessile, shallowly cordate. In-

florescence 1b

s a single, successive fl ended by a spathe 5-6 mm long; peduncles ca. 2 mm long,

Lae ee E t hin, tubular, 6-7 mm long; pedicels 8-10 mm long; ovary 3

mm long; sepals light yellow, glabrous, the dorsal sepal ovate, subacute, 15 mm long, 8 mm wide, 3-

veined, the lateral sepal i blong-ovate, subacute to obtuse synsepal, 13.5 mm long, 7 mm

wide, 4-veined; petals light green, narrowly oblong, slightly oblique, acute, denticulate, minutely papu-

lar, 11 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, 1-veined: lip red-purple, cellular-glandular, elliptical-oblong, obtuse, 8

mm long, 3.25 mm wide, with a glenion at the base, the base subtruncate, concave on the end, hinged to

the column-foot; column stout, 1 mm long, 2 mm wide, foot 2 mm long, the anther and stigma apical.

PANAMA: Coelé: cloud forest near El Copé, Ma 1 : hoa:

: y 1977, collected by R.L. Dressler, flowered in cultiva

tion 29 Oct. 1977, C. Luer 2112 (Holotype: SEL). 4

__ This species is known from a single collection in central Panama by Dressler.

Although it has much in common with a narrow-leaved variation of Acronia bivalvis,

known in Central America as Pleurothallis angusta, the strong habit with a narrow-

ly linear, more or less pendent leaf suffused with purple is distinctive. The flower

of A. telemon is relatively large of basic morphology as in A. bivalvis, but the

Proportionately long petals are narrowly oblong and denticulate, and the lip is large

and elliptical-oblong.

een ae) Luer, comb. nov.

~* Named for Titan of Greek mythology, noted for his immense size.

Bas.: Pleurothallis titan Luer, Selbyana 3: 400, 1977.

cloce tat latte: epiphytic, Caespitose; foots numerous, slender. Ramicauls stout, 18-60 cm long, with a

— : id 2-3 oth the base. suberect to spreading, coria-

oom Ovate, acute, slightly acuminate, 15-25 cm long, 7-14 cm wide, the base deeply cordate, sessile.

the apex

: ckened, incurved ins, the disc concave above the middle,

conv ; middle. wi margins, sc c .

epepletd aa pent with asmall glenion at the base, the base subtruncate, flat on the end, hinged

, I mm long, 3 mm wide, the foot thick.

AN AMA: (mtu: > ~ i

eae bove th dam si . 1976 by R_L.

Fenner eeaek Stee 198, 6 eee ea

COLOMBIA — en Rio Chiriqu, alt 1300 m, 9 Apr. 1980, T:B. Croat 49988 (MO).

Forero & W. Ming 643 cure Quebrada Moja Huevo, alt. 1200 m, 31 Aug. 1996, N. Paz, L-

This . 4

of C — Species occurs not uncommonly in the Western Cordillera

infrequent] y as far as westernmost Panama. It can be compared to

¢.

a gi ic A oe .

Neha: wi lis. The dimensions of the flowers are twice to thrice

above the sine wuts \ - The shield-shaped lip is concave and usually widest

wah thick, incurved margins; below the middle the lip is convex.

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 199

Acronia tonduzii (Schltr.) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: Named for Adolphe Tonduz of | hique de Costa Rica who collected this

& ont

species

Bas.: Pleurothallis tonduzii Schitr., Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 36(2): 397, 1918.

medium in size to large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls purple, slender, erect,

8-20 cm long, with a close, tubular eee tbe the middle and 2-3 other sheaths at the base. Leaf

erect, thickly coriaceous, narrowly linear-ovate, acute, 10-18 cm long, 2-3.8 cm wide, the base sessile,

shallowly Shoes Inflorescence a pentane single flower, subtended by a spathe I 1. I hes des at

the base of the leaf; peduncles 2-4 mm long,

mm long; Srrebcon 10-11 mm eas os ary 4 mm long; sepals dull yel low, suffused wi fens or Sch:

mostly along the veins, peneg the aaa ten ae concave, subacute, 11-13 mm long, 8-9 mm

wide, 7-veined, the lateral sepals connate into an ovate, subacute lamina, 10-12 mm n tong, 7 7-8 mm wide,

4-veined; red-brown, oblong, rrate, 8 mm long, 2 mm wide, I-vei deep purple,

thick, rigid, erect, pres with the sides ia the ge dex revolute, 5 mm long, 4mm wide

unexpanded, with the margins ee denticulate, " disc convex, minutely verrucose, the base

truncate, shallowly Res a on the end; column stout, 1 mm ag 2 mm wide, the foot thick, the anther,

rostellum and stigma apical

COSTA RICA: Alajuela: San Ram6n, 1868, A. Endres 2 ae ) (W); San nay alt. 1500-1600 m, May

1913, A. Tonduz s.n. (Holotype of A. tonduzii re designated: CR; AMES

ees Hees of type.)

A: Chiriquf: along Rio Chiriquié west of Volcan, alt. 1500 m, 12 Sept. 1976, C. Luer & H.

poke 1200 (SEL); in arroyo, llanos del Volcan, alt. 1500 m, 13 Sept. 1976, C. Luer & H. Butcher

1229 (SEL).

This species is relatively frequent in western Panama and Costa Rica where it

was first collected by Endres circa 1869, then a half-century later by Tonduz. It is

characterized by the long, narrow, erect leaves, and a flower with a prominent, dark

purple, verrucose lip held erect in the center. The sides of the lip are revolute to

create the pandurate shape, and the apex is similarly acutely revolute.

Acronia tragulosa (Luer & Hirtz) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin tragulosus, “with javelins,” referring to to the habit.

Bas.: Pleurothallis tragulosa Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 11: 189, 1996.

Plant medium to large in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls aay ees erect, ax

cm long, with a pe tubular sheath below the middle and 2 other sheaths the base YS ee

ceous, narrowly ovate, acute, 7:13 cm long, 1-1.5 cm wide, the base narro ly rounded, sessile: inflor-

o nce a fascicle of successive, single flowers, su girs Syegst te 10-12 mm long; ere

-3 mm long; floral bracts tubular, 9-10 mm long; els i

cent, 5 mm long; sepals red-purple, glabrous, the dorsal sepal ovate, acute, 13 mm long, fam wie 7. 7

acute synsepal 11.5 mm long, 5.25 mm wi

g 3-veined; lip dark purple-

iCU-

transversely ovate, 1.5 mm long, ‘oadly rounded gdheag vaperaay ap ae

lum, the disc with a small glenion, the base acutely petaiony Niassa to the colu

terete, 0.5 mm long, the foot thick, obsolescent, the anther, rostellum apical.

‘00 m, 12

C. Luer, J. Luer

altitude west of Lita in northwest-

auls that bear narrowly ovate

is ovate with seven nerves,

tals are small, triangular and acute.

: ; "J. Luer, C. Dodson & A.

rite 2720 (RG), Sime ree, a bievieta da we whey? & A. Hirtz 15162 (MO).

This species, found in the wet forest at a low

ern Ecuador, is distinguished by the tall, slender ramic

leaves, and long-pedicellate flowers. The do

and the synsepal is slightly smaller. The pe

The lip is transversely ovate.

Acronia Asinwa tahun et (Carnevali « & GA. Rome): pres gto rep hot if —_

Ety.: From the Latin er “wi palhep tes ade ad Gad eek ed. 2, 3: 1145, 2000.

Bas - PI, arn 4 & G.A.Romero.

200 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

__ Plant small, epiphytic, , caespitose, roots slender. ao slender, “e8e 7-8 cm long, with a close

e base. suberect to spreading, coriaceous, narrow

. ovate, acute, 5 cm long, 1.8 cm wide, the base ee a shallowly coadpte: sessile. inflevessenet a a

Successive, single, non-resupinate flower, subtended by a spathe 6 mm long; peduncles 1 mm long; floral

curved up flanking the column, 1.5 mm lon ong, 3 mm wide e cxpanded, the apex broadly rounded, the di

conca\ trally b b short claw, concave

on the end, hinged to the column-foot; column stout, terete, about 1 mm long and wide, the foot thick,

the anther, lium and stigma apical.

VENEZUELA: Carabobo: near aracuy, between Bejuma and Salom, eens at El Hatillo, 27 July

1982, G.C.K. Dunsterville 108 foe C. Luer illustr. 8112. Faleén: Sierra de SAn re between

Zambrano and Curimagua, alt. | ug. 1993, G. Carnevali et or 3269 (MO, SEL, VEN).

Without collection data, cureatod in Heerjansdam, Holland, 2 Aug. 1998, by P. Dubbeldam 94180

(MO), C. Luer illustr. 18892.

The lip of Acronia tridentata is variable in width in the wide distribution of the

Species in northern and Amazonian South America. It is broadly ovate with the

sides, or lateral lobes, variously elongated or expanded and curved upward around

the column. A collection with an extreme variation was segregated as Pleurothallis

transversilabia (=A. transversilabia]. All degrees of expansion of the sides of the

lip have been seen, and several have been illustrated. A collection of them is culti-

vated by Piet Dubbeldam in the Netherlands. There are no vegetative or other floral

variations noted in plants with the transverse li ips

Acronia wig pay tzsch

ge aca Li ) Luer, comb. nov.

dogs atus, ““tridentate,”’ referring to the tip of the leaves.

Bas.: Nevchelis tacge the Allg. Gartenzeitung 8: 289, 18

Syn.: Pleurothallis

ionantha R. Rchb.f. Te i aea 22: E 9.

Bly.: From the Greek ionanthos, “violet flower,” referring to the purple suffusion of the flowers.

nee othallis nephrocardia Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 6: 35, 1919.

Sy: Zour eck nephrocardia, “kidney-heart,” labellum.

=a aise tonanthus (Rchb.f.) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 119, 2001.

imi wt nianthos nephrocardius (Lindl.) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 120, 2001.

PI . & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 121, 2001.

close lant sal, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 5-11 cm yeti with a

narrowly ovate, middle and Tat the base. Leaf suberect to s ing, coriaceous,

practi At psd acute, 3.5-6 cm long, 1-1.9 cm wide, the ae roonded, epi cordate, sessile In-

Successive, single, usually non resupinate fl a3 a spathe 5-7 mm long;

long: phe hago ‘ong; flora iar bikie 3-6 mm long pedicels 4-10 mm long; ovary 1.5-3 mm

ape ae pron Yong ag nish the dorsal

sepal iditesina c ane wel eal oi param es Ww suffused with purple, glabrous, th

yellow to rose, narrow i

sania ly oblong-triangul

ye -b val

obtuse to roundat ¢ =) ovate to broadly ‘ oblong + 1.5-2.25 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, the ai apex —

cate, shallowly concave on short a ng : btrun:

Rca 1 wees claw, hi eed in-foot; co ft _ terete about | mm

anther, , Fostellum and stigma apic al.

(Holotype: K). ge peal Caracas, collected Mar. 1840, cultivated Aug. 1840, £. Oro s.n.

northwest of Colonia yed at B: lectotype here designated: AMES 23163, illustr. of type); Fila

VEN): Gettsic ner te alt 2000-2200 m, 12 July 1963, J.A. Steyermark 9156] (AMES,

Luer illustr. 8089, sgetig ys =n a 24 July 1982, G.C.K. Dunstervalle ie CH) i.

Aragua: Colonia alt. 2,500 y 1946, i Schlim 628 (holotype of P.

ee wa = nes. Fendi 1480 (AMES, C. Luer illustr. 19130: Colosin Test. JWK.

thout collection data, A. Fendler - 2763 (W); Parqué Nacional Henry Pittier, 20-25

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 201

Oct. 1961, alt. 1500-2200 m, J.A. Steyermark 89768, 89769, 89791, 89842, 89926 (AMES, VEN).

Without collection data, cultivated at Hatillo, 24 July 1982, G.C.K. seme: 1024 (SEL), C. Luer

illustr. 8090. Falcon: Sierra de San Luis, between Curimagua and San Luis, alt. 1300-1400 m, 18 July,

1967, J.A. Steyermark 99095 (AMES, M, VEN). Lara: Dist. Jiménez, ponabe Oscura, southeast of

Sanare, alt. 1630 m, 8 thy 1970, J.A. Steyermark, F. Delascio, G.C.K. & E. Dunsterville 103592

(AMES, VE y: San Filipe, north of Salom, alt. 1200 m, 7 Dec. 1980, J.A. 123798,

pie ogee VEN). Po ortuguesa: north of Chabasquén, alt. 1300-1500 m, 15 Mar. 1982, R. Liesner et

oe Antioquia: Parqué Naciondl Natural “Las Orquideas,” Rio Venados, alt. 785-880 m, 5

June 1988, A. Cogollo & J.G. — 3232 (JAUM, MO). Chocé: San José del Palmar, alt. 630-730 m,

7 Mar. 1980, E. Forero et al. 6820 (COL, MO).

ECUADOR: Pastaza: between Bajios and Puyo, 8 Oct. 1961, C.H. Dodson & L.B. Thien 930 —_

below Baifios, alt. 1800 m, 13 Mar. 1975, C. Luer & R. Kent 202 (SEL), north of Puyo, alt. 750 m,

Mar. 1976, C. Luer, J. Luer & P. Taylor 929 (SEL). Tungurahua: west of Rio Verde, alt. 1570 m, 7

July 1971, B. MacBryde 662 (SEL). Zamora-Chinchipe: a si aecooec baat een Loja and Zamora, culti-

vated in Chamblee, GA, 19 Nov. 1974, F L Stevenson 111974-15 (SEL), C. Luer illustr, 163A.

This small species is frequent and morphologically variable in the coastal ran

of Venezuela, where it has acquired several names, and less frequent in Colombia

and the Oriente of Ecuador. Both vegetatively and florally, the plants from Ecuador

pte larger, but without other remarkably prEr-Etht features. Treated here as a

“species complex,” it probably includes several taxa with intermediate variations.

Pleurothallis tridentata is characterized by anes ramicauls and ovate to

narrowly ovate, acute leaves that are shallowly cordate at the base, and a small,

usually but not always non-resupinate flower. The middle sepal and synsepal are

obtuse, and the petals are narrow and acute. The lip is broadly ovoid, and concave

both above and below a transverse thickening below the middle. nye ptar a

glenion is visible on the transverse thickening. Variations in the width of the lip

depend on how much pressure is used to expand it for measuring.

Acronia troglodytes (Luer) Luer, comb. n

Ety.: From the Greek troglodytes, “a cave fee 3 in allusion to the cryptic position of the flower

bes of the leaf.

Bas.: Pleurothallis troglodytes Luer, Selbyana 7: 125, 1982. j

Ramicauls slender, erect, erect, with a

edium in size to large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender 11-32 em long. Leaf acutely

long, ane sheath below the middle and 2-3 shorter at the base, 1)-

sheaths at

peseils;

deflexed, coriaceous, cordate- “ovate, 8-14 cm long. 32 3: 5-6 cm wide, the apex x acute, the meee >

deeply cordate, t | : ling over Oe

a fascicle of ‘solitary, successive, non-resup *a ;

spathe, 8-10 mm long, at the base of the leaf; na Be 2-3 mm long, — ama — an

bracts thin, 5-6 mm long; pedicels 8-10 mm long; ovary 4mm long, espa transversely ovate, obtuse,

red, cellular-glandular, long-pubescent toward the margins, the mi div obovate, rounded synsepal,

11 mm long, 12 mm wide, 7-veined, the late P : sepals, pubescent near

12 mm long, 11 mm wide, 6-veined, with the sides recurved; 5 ma wie 3-veined; lip deep

margins, widely expanded, obovate-spathulate, obtuse, 8mm ag ge wide, the apex transV exsel

red-purple, thick, transversely subtriangular-trilobed, 2.5 mm long, ee medially above the

obtuse, the lateral — acute, above the phage tie mages . the end, hinged to the

middle, with a tall, nical callus at the base, s cal, the foot 2

Sg wallet csane 4 eke 2 mm long, 2 mm broad, the anther and bilobed sem ay

mm lon. hairs.

1982, collected by

ECUADOR: Pichincha: epiphytic in forest above Puerto Quito. weacenites m, zbrwais ctu, ke

C. Luer, A. Hirtz & S. Delscrion be epee te ape ey" on, T, Neudecker & H. Volles 18605 (MO).

northwest of sie de alt. ras A ree A tan 1992, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz 15551 (MO).

Imbabura: road rn Ecuador, is

This species, apparently endemic at low ern pega apes degree of

Closely related to the Panamanian Acronia peculiarts. differences seem suffi-

variations to be expected within species of this se¢ ished from A.

cient to maintain A. troglodytes geqnpanad sgaed Ii : : ae ante and a lip

peculiaris by the broader, non-spotted lea ate hae

the lateral angles below the middle iad tall

202 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia tuberculosa (Luer & Hirtz) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin tuberculosis, “tubercul ulate, ** referring to the verrucose lip.

1996.

Bas.: Pi. rtz, L indleyana 11: 191

on nee Sona slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, aa

cm long, with a toes tubular sheath on on ae lower fourth and 2 other Saag at the base. Leaf ere

coriaceous, ad te, 9-13 cm long, 1.4-1.7 cm wide, the base sessile, shallowly pb

with the sides a fascicle of successive, single flowers, subtended by a e ca.

10 mm long; peduncles 2-3 mm im long concealed within the spathe; floral —— tubular, ne mm long;

parsely short-pubescent within, the dorsal sepal

elliptical, obtuse, 9mm long, as =i 1 wide, 3- veined. the lateral seal Sree into an ovate, acute

mse a 7.5 mm long, 4.25 mm wide, 4-(6-)vein petals purple, narrowly oblong, ent! constricted

near the middle, acute, minutely delicate: 7. re mm long, 1 mm wide, to 1.75 mm wide at the base, 1-

purple

veined; lip dark -black, thick, ovoid, subacute, 3.75 mm long, 2.25 mm wide, 1.5 mm thic . the

surface convex, diffusely verrucose, the base truncate with a broad, convex, smooth area beneath the

column without a glenion, minutely pubescent on the flattened, deflexed end, hinged to the column-foot;

column stout, terete, 2 mm long, 2 mm wide, the foot thick, pubescent, obsolescent, with the anther,

rostellum and stigma apical.

ECIIANOp. 7. ome

Pass south of er alt. 3050 m, 21

Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 12005 (Holotype: MO).

Vegetatively, this species from a high altitude in southernmost Ecuador is dis-

tinct with the narrowly obovate leaves borne by long, slender ramicauls. The base

of the leaf is shallowly cordate with the sides of the leaf recurved in the lower third

to accentuate the obovate appearance of the leaf. The purple flowers are character-

ized by an obtuse, three-veined dorsal sepal; narrow, acute, denticulate petals as

long as the synsepal; and a thick, purple-black, ovoid lip with the convex surface

minutely verrucose.

é: By aia tyria ne Hirtz) Luer, pore rp

Syrius, “Tyrian purple,” referri the deep purple of the flowers.

Bis.: Plewrothallstyria Lue & Hirtz, Lindleyana 11. 199, 1996

wi act medium in size, epiphytic, Caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls ages erect, 7-20 cm long,

pat Ose, tubular sheath on the lower third and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf erect, coriaceous,

¥ ovate, iM 45-10 rg a 1-1.7 cm wide, the base sessile, evades shallowly cordate.

€r, borne from the of the leaf with a narrow spathe 8-10 mm

long; peduncles 2-3 mm long within os: vigeiey bracts tubular, by 6 mm long; pedicels 8 mm long;

mm wide, 5 oe wei Purple, g 1, obtuse, 11-12 mm long, 6-8

long; 7:8 agers an » the lateral sepals connate into an ovate, subacute to obtuse synsepal, 9.5-11.5 mm

ess a aes deep purple, decurved, oblong, acute, minutely denticulate, 4.5-6.5

mm wide, the disc sli - lip deep purple, oblong, obtuse, cellular-glandular, 3-4.5 mm long, 24-3

into a thick claw, hinged ra wteidene.. h a small glenion at the base, the base sebauricate and deflexed

thick,

Cot; stout, heen 1 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the foot

th the anther, rostellum and stigma ap

ECUADO! seh

ro C. io? ine wer & A Macas and Guamote, alt. 1900 m, 6 Feb.

José’s Ridge, alt. 1800. Hirt: 12708 08 (Hoon MO). Imbabura: Reserva Biolégica Los Cedros,

800-1900 m, 27Jan. 1993, 5. Dalstrém 1804 (MO), C. Luer illustr. 16683.

Popfar Species occurs uncommonly at ory low — of both declivities of

Andes of eastern and western Ecuador

diffusely minutely verrucose. A

well-form: that is

deflexed into a thick claw, ed glenion is present at the base

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 203

Acronia undulata (Poepp. & Endl. )! Luer, comb. nov.

.: From the ndulatus, “‘undulate,” referring to the margins of the dried leaf.

Bas.: a. undulata Poepp. & Endl, Nov. Gen. Sp. 1: 48, 1836.

J (P & Endl.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 668, 1891.

Syn

Syn.: Sapa juninensis $ is Sct, Rapes. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 9: 76, 1921.

Ety.: of Junin where collected.

Syn.: Dex Apholinnthis undulatus (Poepp. & Endl.) Szlach. & Marg., Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 121, 2001.

Plant medium i in size, epiphytic, recipies. Syed: slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 8-18 cm long,

with a close, her sheaths at . Leaf horizontal,

thickly coriaceous, cordate-ovate, acute, 4. 5-7.5cm sieg 1.5-3 cm wide, the base sessile, deeply cordate.

gle flowers, borne on top of the base of the leaf, subtended by

a spathe 5-8 mm long; peduncles 1-2 ee ong; floral bracts tubular, 5-8 mm long; pedicels 5-8 mm long;

ovary 2-3 mm long; sepals anges variously colored from yellow to purple, the dorsal sepal oblong-

ovate, acute to subacute, 6-9 mm long, 2-4 mm wide, 3-veined, the late sepals connate into an ovate,

acute to subacute synsepal, 6-9 mm long, 3-5 mm wide, 4-veined; petals narrowly linear, acute, entire to

opm seagranns 3-5 mm long, 0.4-0.8 mm wide, 1-veined; lip ovate, subacute, 3-4 mm

long, 1.5-2 mm faintly sulcate Siekoboren pian

microscopically dence: -erose, the disc with a distinct, medium-sized glenion at the base, the base

shallowly subcordate, flattened on the deflexed end with a short claw, ing? to the eg wh

column stout, terete, 1-1.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the foot thick, the anther,

and stigma apical.

PERU: Hudnuco: near Pampayaco and Cuchero, - Poeppig 1431 heme W; Isotype: BR), C

Luer illustr. 16988a. fee oe Huacapistana on the way to Palca, alt. 1700-1900 m, Weberbauer

, al

24859 (AMES, US); above San Ramén, alt. 2200 m, 29 Jan. pk 79, C. Luer

: Pumayacu, between Balsapuerto and Moyobamba, alt.

0.14 (AMES); San Martin: between Olmos and pioneer ee alt. _ m, 9 Dec. yen . eSs300 .

Bennett et al. 4815 (MO). Pasco: wereae cultivated by G. Furniss, wire C. Luer

ers long. The dorsal sepal is oblong to ovate, acute or rese2t] and always three

veined. On top of the base of the leaf the flowers ate borne singly ie sapere

in a fascicle, or a few may be borne simultaneously, by short pedice et

of the floral parts vary in combinations of yellow, orang° re ject

The slender, linear, single-veined petals are more OF ae sage ee mg but are

laterally from the sides of the flower. They vary somewhat in gages The

always less than one millimeter wide, most often about a - gent the naked

margins vary from entire to microscopically erose which | er usually between

eye. The lip is ovate, most often subacute, thin and essen abeyi gee on the

three and four millimeters long. The base is shallowly defined glenion is

present on the disc above the base below the rostellum. . om shapeaal j

the disc is faintly sulcate. The margins are ones

Acronia upanoensis (Luer fe Hina) Luer, ream wad

Ety.: Named for Rio Upano, near where the species W: 5, 2003.

Bas.: Pleurothallis upanoensis Lu er & iets "Oran uideolo ip ve nder, erect, 2-4 cm long. with a

Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Lncnge iP suberect, cori jaceous, narrowly

close, tubular sheath below the middle and another at the to cuneate, sessile. Inflorescence ® a single,

ovate, acute, 2.5-4 cm long, 0.8-1.2 cm wide, the base base round

204 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

successive, red-purple flower; peduncles obscure within the 3 mm long spathe at the base of the leaf:

floral bract 3.5 mm long; pedicel 6 mm long; ovary 2.5 mm long; flower parts red-purple, sepals gla-

brous, the dorsal sepal elliptical-ovate, subacute to obtuse, 6 mm long, 3 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral

pletely te int te synsepal, 5.5 mm long, 5 mm wide, 4-veined; petals straight,

narrowly oblong, acute, 4-5.5 mm long, 1 mm wide, with the margins minutely erose; lip ovate, obtuse,

2.25 mm long, 1.75 mm wide, the disc shallowly concave centrally, the base concave with a glenion,

hinged to the b f the column-foot; col tout, dorsally compressed, semiterete, 1 mm long, 1.5

mm wide, the anther and bilobed stigma apical.

ECUADOR: Morona-Santiago: Rio Upano, north of Macas, alt. 1100 m, 14 Jan, 1989, C. Luer, J. Luer,

A. Hirtz, A. & P. Jesup 13913 (Holotype: MO). Collection data lost, E. Asplund 20025 (S).

This little species, from the eastern slopes of the Andes of Ecuador, is character-

ized by narrowly ovate leaves that are rounded or cuneate at the base. It is similar

to Central American Acronia isthmica, a larger and more robust species with a

longer lip. The small flower of A. upanoensis is distinguished mostly by the ex-

panded, straight petals that are as long as the synsepal, and twice as long as the lip.

(Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: for the community of Valladolid near the locality where this species was discovered.

Bas.: Pleurothallis valladolidensis Luer, Phytologia, 54: 388, 1983

Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, with a close,

ath below the middle and 2-3 shorter sheaths at the base, 10-30 cm long. Leaf acutely de-

flexed, Cortaceous, narrowly ovate, 10-15 cm long, 1.5-2 cm wide, more or less curved up above the

middle to the acute apex, the base, sessile, deeply cordate. Inflorescence a fascicle of solitary, succes-

Sive, rosy brown, resupinat I fi b , conduplicate spathe, 15-18 mm long, 6 mm

broad, at the base of the leaf; peduncles 4-5 mm long, confined within the spathe; floral bracts 10 mm

long; pedicels 8 mm long; ovary 7 mm long, minutely verrucose; sepals cellular-glandular, the dorsal

sepal ovate, + 15 mm long, 11 mm wide, 7- to 9-veined, the lateral sepals connate into an ovate,

pees Synsepal, 15 mm long, 11 mm wide, 8-veined: petals colored as the sepals, more or | ex

~glandular, Ovate, acute, unguiculate, 11 mm long, 6 mm wide, 3-veined: lip yellow, suborbicular,

concave, with the apex rounded, 7 mm long, 6.25 mm wide, the margins slightly irregular, verrucose

within toward the base. the base sue" oh nf] Bee iat de tex , firmly hinged on

a reclobasesy “foot; column stout, 3 mm long, 3 mm wide, the anther and bilobed stigma apical,

awk the epiphytic in cloud forest near the river above Valladolid, alt.

. . essandro 167 (Holotype: SEL), C. Luer illustr. 8080.

This species is known from only the original collection. It is characterized by

the aartowly cordate leaves that curve up beyond the middle, as seen in several

Closely allied species; a comparatively large, resupinate, downward-facing flower

bi obtuse sepals and acute petals. Most distinguishing is the orbicular, concave

P, Verrucose within toward the unguiculate, callous base.

. “on a variabilis (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

> From - Latin variabilis, “variable,” referring to the floral parts.

arching, 15-37 cm} size 10 large, epiphytic, Caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect to

oe with a close, tubular s below the middl d 2 other sheaths at the b

i ab conaceous, narrowly ovate, acute, 9-18 cm long, 1-3.5 cm wide, the base ses-

si cordate > g, 1-3.5 cm wide,

er Haas leaf, from a reclinj a fascicle of successive, non-resupinate, single flowers, borne at

spate floral : a reclining spathe 15-23 mm long; peduncles 3-5 mm long, confined within the

5; peg a 5-13 mm long; pedicels 10-17 mm long; ovary 7-10 mm long; sepals gla-

w, brown or purple, the middle sepal ovate-triangular, subacute to obtuse

lar, 3.5-5. ies

founded, the disc convex, with a tall, erect, basal callus bearing the

d on the end, hinged to the column-foot; column stout,

glenion, the base broadly subcordate

mm wide, the foot thick, 2 mm long, the anther, rostellum and stigma apical.

terete, 15-2 mm long, 2-3

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 205

ECUADOR: Imbabura: above Apuela, alt. 2500 m, 8 Feb. 1979, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Escoba

a 509 Boer ae near —S elva Alegre, alt. 2900 m, Apr, 1986, A. Hirtz 2880 a

n Tulcaén Maldonado, alt. 2700 m, 18 May 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S. Jeppesen, B.

. a5 B. lepind mere (AAU); grt: Maldonado, alt. 2700 m, Mar. 1992, S. Dalstrém 1533

(MO); Bolivar, above La Paz, alt. 3100 m, 18 Feb. 1998, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & J. del epee 18712

lacta, alt. 2800 m, 28 Aug. 1978, C. peed é = & A. Andreetta 3432 (SEL). Tungurahua: vicinity of

— ie pao alt. 2800 m, 5 Aug. 19 Aspl. 89 (S, US); El Triunfo, around Rio Muyo, alt.

458 (QCA, US

ox bin: Narifio: west side a Laguna La Cocha, alt. 2750 m, 23 July 1989, C.H. Dodson & R.

Escobar 18108 (MO).

This species is found on both sides of the Andes of northern and central

Ecuador, and southernmost Colombia. It is characterized by an erect or more or

less horizontal, narrowly ovate leaf. Although there is little variation of the mor-

phology of the flowers, they often appear different with many colors, and position.

Most distinctive is the tall callus bearing the glenion at the base of the broad, thick

lip. Acronia variabilis is related to A. ripleyi of southern Ecuador, which is most

easily distinguished by minutely serrated petals.

Acronia vinealis phate & R.Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

Ety.: Pip the Latin vinealis, "pertaining to vines," referring to the habit of the species.

Bas.: rothallis vinealis Luer & R.Escobar, Orquideologia 16:

Syn.: aseweseber vinealis (Luer & R.Escobar) Szlach. & Marg. Polish Bot. J. 46(2): 121,

2001.

Plant large, vinelike, a meter or more long, epiphytic; roots s slender. Ramicauls slender, eager

climbing, 18-40 cm long, with a slender, tubular bract near the middle and 1-2 others at the base. Leaf

spreading, coriaceous, , ovate, acute, 3-9 cm long, 2 2-3. S em wide, the base cordate, sessile. inflosescene

a solitary, brown y Bd 4 eat ar RNY

ong; floral bract 6-8 mm long; pedicel E

minent at external lateral sepals

ea acute, 11-14 mm long, 4.5-5.5 mm wie, ra ae the veins sro arrowly triangular,

nate into an ovate, acute synsepal, | 1-14 mm long, 4.5- 5.5 mm wide;

pain er denticulate, 6-7 mm long, 1 mm wide; lip ‘niet subacute, 5. $631 _ sot = 88

ya denticu with a dist tinct glenion at the acutely reflexed base; column stout, 5 mm long,

tout foot, rey oaies r apical, the stigma bilobed, peek

COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca: epiphytic w shrubs wh

May 1984, C. Luer, J. Luer & is Eecobar 10364 5 olay

: Azuay: Pan American highway south of Cuenca, alt. alt.3250m, 4 May 197 1973, L. gocher sieeve Ss.

es EL), forest beside Rio M

oh oe 7 kee eed en gard 6485 (AAU. eh C. Luer illustr. rE 4

Although the flowers of this species are unremarkable, i.e., very similar is wee

species of the section, the long, vinelike habit is unique. The long, prolific ram

cauls twine and branch in shrubs fully exposed to the sun, wind, and apadaee’

plants attaining a length of several meters. The flowers are similar to

Acronia coriacardia, but the petals are proportionately slightly longer.

oe ui h Cutierre7. alt 2700 m, 19

Acronia volans (Luer & Hirtz) Luer, aoe nov. oan

Ety: From the Latin volans, * ger referring to the “4 —

Bas.: desteees volans Luer & Hirtz, Lindley ana 11: 19 . Ramicauls slender, erect, 17-25

Plant medium in size to large, epiphytic, caespitose pee eet ‘ hs at the base. Leaf rigid, coria-

cm long, with a close, tubular sheath below the middle jp | and ascending above race

ceous, narrowly ovate, acute, 15-1 re cm long, ce ale . me ena successive flowers borne

the e, sessile. Sdail leaf: 2-

4mm hey confined within ‘ee athe with nets floral bracts vlar-glandular within, the

pedicel 5 mm long; ovary thick, 3 mm long; sepals dull yell ide, 5-veined, the

aty eC mm w

sepal transversely ovate, obtuse to rounded, concave, dee one

206 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

1 letely into a tra ly ovate, obtuse to rounded, concave synsepal, 8

a 10-11 mm wide, 6-(8 ined; petals b gla brous, broadly obova' te, obtuse, shortly pee:

shortly unguiculate, 7 bheieg 6mm wide, 3-veined: lip dull yellow, cordate-triangular, the apex and

basal angles rounded, 3.75 mm long, 3. s am wide across the base, the basal lobes to either side of the

column, the disc shallowly ly cleft to the apex, the base subcordate with a short, thick

claw, firmly hinged to the peeve foot; column stout, 2 mm long, 3 mm broad, the anther and bilobed

stigma apical, the foot rudime:

ECUADOR: M ordillera del Condor, alt. 1500 m, 18 Feb.

1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, ry Peg! Ww. ach &A, 2484 Toe (Holotype: coe

Although obviously related to Acronia cardiostola and its affinities, the leaves

of this species are not acutely deflexed. Instead, the leaf-ramicaul angle is approx-

imately 90° with that portion of the slender leaf distal to the ramicaul gradually and

ene: acending. The spathe stands erect at the base of the leaf between the

non-incurved, basal lobes. The flower is basically similar to those of A. cardiostola

and A. lilijae, but the sepals are concave and transversely ovate, and the broad

petals are glabrous, obtuse, shortly apiculate and unguiculate.

Acronia zarumae (Luer & higeod Luer, comb. Nov.

9 Named for the communi i di d

Bas: Pleurahalis pasate pe & Hirtz, | Lindleyana 11: 196, , 1996.

size to large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender erect, 10-24

cm long, with a ay tubular shea’ eee lower third and 2 other sheaths at the base. Leaf erect,

subcordate. awe wep eas , 10-13 cm long, 1.8-2.5 cm wide, the base sessile, rounded,

a fascicle oe successive, single flowers, subtended by a spathe 12-15 mm

long; peduncles 3-5 mm long, concealed within the sheath; floral bracts thin, tubular, 3-5 mm long;

pedicels 20-25 mm m long: ovary 4-5 mm long: :

sepals ws the dorsal sepal cig ba ovate, acute, 20 mm Be 6.5 mm wide, 7-veined, the late

spread Sennate into a narrowly ovate lamina, 18 mm lon ng, 7.5 mm wide, 8-veined; petals de pee

wide, Aas rigger gular, acute, microscopically denticulate, cellular-glandular, 7.5 mm long, |

denticulate. the lip reclining, ovate, obtuse, 4 mm lon mm wide, minutely papillose with be: wee!

» the dise with a glenion above the base, the base subcordate, reflexed. column stout, 1.5 mm

long, 2 mm wide, the f foot obsolescent, t, the anther, rostellum : adel

ECTIANAD. rin

cafuma, alt. : , J. Luer, A.

Hirtz et al. 12029 (Holenyne’ cn » alt. 1800 m, 23 Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Lue

Ae - as ; = known only from the above collection, appears most similar to

Aaa ruberrima. Negetatively, the two species are indistinguishable. Instead of

much narrower, the narrowly ovate, seven-veined dorsal sepal is about as wide as

the synsepal. Instead

Acronia persimilis, a superficially similar species, is found in the same locality. A

hse Me a three-veined dorsal sepal, and a proportionately longer lip dis-

EXCLUDED NAME

Guan tea H.G Jones, Bradea 1: 263, 1972.

(Holotype in teibiec” deste. WS cf e near Guyana-Brazil border, Jan. 1970, H.G. Jones Misc. P/599

Known

with [ a from inconclusive description, but probably Acronia phyllocardioides

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Fig. 1. Acronia acestrophylla

| Fig. 4a. Acronia adelphe a4

Fig. 2. Acronia acutilabia

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 209

3mm 5 cm |}

Fig. 4b. Acronia adelphe

. perforata)

Fig. Sc. Acronia adonis

Fig. 7. Acronia alopex

on oS

ntl

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 211

Fig. 10. Acronia andreettae

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 213

Fig. 18. Acronia baezensis

214 ACRONIA BIVALVIS SENSU LATO

Fig. 22a. Acronia bivalvis

(bivalvis-P. sigsigensis)

Fig. 22b. Acronia phe

(P. cardium-cardiantha)

Fig. 22d. Acronia bivalvis

ACRONIA BIVALVIS SENSU LATO 215

Fig. 22e. Acronia bivalvis

(P. angusta-harlingii)

Fig. 24. Acronia bothros

2 | eee ere

217

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE

Fig. 27. Acronia bucculenta

: Fig. 30. Acronia calceolaris

_ Fig. 29. Acronia calamifolia

i EERE eter ee

. . +t

Fig. 31. Acronia callifera Fig. 32: Acronia calogramma

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 219

Fig. 39. Acronia cardiothallis

Car

Fig. 38b,

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 221

Fig. 44b. Acronia cedrinorum

(P. embreei)

a fat

Fig. 45. Acronia chama

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE

Fig. 52. Acronia constricta

224 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Fig. 54a. Acronia cordata

¥ mongcardia

ACRONIA CORDATA SENSU LATO 225

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Fig. 58. Acronia coriacardia

Fig. 57. Acronia cordifolia

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 227

Fig. 61. Acronia crateriformis Fig. 62. Acronia crossota

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Fig. 66. Acronia cuzcoensis

tucuensis

cronia cu

Fig. 65. A

Fig. 68. Acronia deflexa

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 229

Fig. 74. Acronia dibolia

ase ee

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE

231

«a PF ee

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Fig. 81. Acronia epiglottis

Fig. 80. Acronia e

_ Fig. 83, Acronia escobarii — i

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 233

ia ‘Fig. 87. Acronia fonnegrae

Fig. 91. Acronia gargantua

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 235

hae va

: = i

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 237

Fig. 105. Acronia index

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 239

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 241

242 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 243

244 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Fig. 127a. Acronia matudana Fig. 127b. Acronia matudana

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE

yc a

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Fig. 135. Acronia nephroglossa

Fig. 134. Acronia muriculata

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 247

Fig. 138. Acronia nossax

Fig. 144. Acronia orygmoglossa ae

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 249

251

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE

Fig. 154. Acronia peroniocephala

Fig. 158b. Acronia phyllocardioides

(P. acostae)

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE

253

Fig. 165. Acronia radula

Fig. 164. Acronia prolaticollaris

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 255

whi

Fig. 172a. Acronia ruberrima

Fig. 171. Acronia robusta

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 257

Fig. 175. Acronia rutrifolia

ae Fig. 179. Acronia sarcochila

258

Fig. 177a. Acronia sanchoi

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 259

; 5 cm

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Fig. 184. Acronia sergioi

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 261

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 263

Fig. 200. Acronia tonduzii

Fig. 201. Acronia tragulosa

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE

Fig. 203b. Acronia tridentata

ae ——

Sieape toscana a aleetaalabe tas: ter w

266 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

5mm

Fig. 206. Acronia tyria Fig. 207

re le

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE

Fig. 210. Acronia variabilis

Da Fe

268 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

INDEX TO SCIENTIFIC NAMES

A 60, 162

Acronia 57, 59, 60, 62, 129,177

7,6

Acronia sect. Macrophyllae- Fst 57, 59, 60, 61,

62, 63, 64, 70, 83, 90, 124,

Acronia acestrophylla 64, 70, ‘ Fig. 1., 165

acostae 64, 174

acutilabia 64, 71, 83, ied 2.

adeleae 64, 81, 84, Fi

adelphe 64, 67, 73, 80, ig. 4a, 4b.

adonis 64, 78, 81, 85, Fig. Se Sb, 5e., 92, 141, 152,

aguirre ha 82, 85, Fig. 6.,86

alopex ~ 73, 86, Fig. 7., 105

, 12, 86, Fig. 8.

alvaroi

ambyx 68.74.75. Fig 9

amphy gia

andreettae ee 64, 78, 87, Fig. 10.

angustissima 57, 64, 70, 88, Fig. 11.

ankyloglossa 57

annectens 57

apopsis 64, 73, 88, Fig. 12.

applanata 64, 75, 89, Fig. 13.

archicolonae 57

arctata 64,70, 89, Fig. 14.

ascera 64, 82, 90, Fig. 15.

asplundii 64, 81, 90, os 16.,91

aurita 64, 71, 91, Fig. 17.

bitumida 64, 71, 93, Fig.

bivalvis 61, 62, 64, 65, 66, 67, 74, 75, 78, 79, 88,

93, Fig. 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d, 22e, 22f, 22g, 22h.,

96, 98, 101, 102, rage ag cae 135, 138, 142, 144,

het 162, 166, 186

tal

bovilingua 64, 81, 97. 25

diana 57, 64, 75, 98, Fig. 26

buccule , 80, 98, 27.

bulbosa 57, 64, 78, 98, Fig. 28

bucranon 57

calamifolia 64, 70,90, 99, Fig. 29., 196

calceolaris 64, 66, pny igh 30., 123

callifera 64,76, 100, Fig

* Sf 64,

cardiophylax” 64, 78, 103, Fig. 37, 155

cardiostola 64, 65, 66,73, 85, 86, 104, Fig. 38a,

5b. 105, 108, 132.126 151, 167, 171, 173, 174,

Acronia cardiothallis 64, 65, 79, 92, 106, Fig. 39., 125,

66, 19

ene 57, 65, 80, pk ya 40.

a 65, 78, 107, Fi

carrenoi 65, 73, 105, 108, nh 42.

cassidata 65, 79, 108, Fig. 43

ered eng

convexa 65, 76, 113, Fig. 53.

cordata 61, 64, 65, 67, 74, Fig. 22h., 96, 110, 114,

Fig. 54a, 54b, 54c., e 116, 117, 121,

1, 13

p. thapalocarpa 57, 65, 68, 74, 107, Fig. 55a. a

subsp. trachysepala be "64, 65, 6'

cordifolia 65, 69, 76, 117, Fig. 57.

coriacardia 65, 66, 75, 77, 79, 117, Fig. 58., 118, 119,

73,2

correllii 63, 65, 67, i, tos Fig. 59.

corysta

74, 107, Fig. 5

55, 71, 120, Fig. 6l.

deflexa 65, 79, 123, Fie. 68., 124, 136, 141, 147, 193

dejavu 65,72, 124, Fig. 69.

i a.:5

diazii 65,72, 80, 126, Fig. 73.

dibolia 65,74, 127, Fi ig 7:

dilemma 65, 79, 127, Fi

discoidea 61, 63, 65, 66. fe a 71, 128, Fig. 76a, 76b.,

129, 146, 159

dorotheae 65,71, 91, 129, ea és 130, 164, 189

dracuncula 57, 65, 79, 130, Fi

drewii 57

dubbeldamii 65, 75, 130, Fig. 79.

dukei

ensata 65,70, 131, Fig. 80.

iglotis

epi 65, 76, 131, Fig. 8]

erythrium 65, 75, 132, Fig. 82

SF, ahs ned i

antasti

folsomii 57, 66, 72, 80, 134, Fig. 86.

fonnegrae 57, 66, 73, 135, Fig. 87.

fossulata 66, 79, 109, 135, Fig. 88.

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE 269

Acronia fugax 57

galerita 66, 77, 136, Fig. 89., 141

glabra 66,77, 139, Fig. 95.

iflora ae na in 124, 136, 140, Fig. 97.,

141, 147, 188, 191

habenula tee

hammellii

hawkinsii - 66, 74, i oe: Fig. 98.

hemileuca 66, 75, 142, Fig. 99.

hispidula 57, 66, 78, a Tig 100.

hoeijeri 66, 80, 142, Fig. 101.

homalantha 66, 67, 77, es a rey Fig. 102.

homeroi 57, 66, 76, 144.

pera! 66, 82, 86, ef A pe 104., 154, 157

imitor

index ce 73, 145, Fig. 105.

jupiter 66, 82, 141, 147, Fie 109.

ened 66, 69, 77, 147, Fig. 110.

knappii 58

lacera 66,71, 148, Fig. 111., 185

languida 58

latipetala 66, 72, 148, Fig. 112.

lemniscifolia 66, 70, 149, Fig. rhe 196

leucan 71, 149, Fig.

lilijae 66, 72, '89, 105, 126. ey re 15a, 115b.,

206

linguifera 61, 64, 66, 82, 85, 140, 141, 151,

Fig. 116., 152, 191, 193

llanganatensis 57,67, 82, 152, Fig. 117.

lobata

longipedicellata 58

lopezii 58

loreae 67, 76, 153, Fig. 118.

luctuosa 58

lunaris - 82, 153, Fi

magnipetala 67, 75, 1

marthae 67, 67, 79, 137, "157, Fig. “125.

mastodon 67,75, 157, Fi ig. 126.

ere: na 67, 76, 143, 158, Fig. 127a, 127b.

7, 71, 159, a nee

Acronia nitida 67,71, 164, Fig. 137.

nossax 67, 81, 164, Fig. 138

xmedia 58

ormis 67, 70, 74, 165, Fig. 139.

octavioi i 61, 78, 4m ig. 140.

omoglossa 67, 75, 76, 165, Fig. 141.

oncoglossa 67, 80, 166, Fig. 142.

ortegae 67, 73, 166, Fig. 143., 167

peipacrenigy ® 57, 67, 76, 167, ae 144.

er tage: '7, 76, 167, Fig. 145.

rain 67, 79, 168, fe 146.

pandurata 67, 76, 168, Fig. 147.

pansamalae 67,74, bag 10. Fig. 148., 175

paquishae 67, 78, 169. 149.

peculiaris 67, 72, 112,10 ve beg 201

persimilis 67, 78, 173, Fig. 156., 206

ifera 59

phyllocardia 67, 69, 73, 173, Fig. 157., 174, 180

, 66, 67, 74, 92, 131, 132, 156,

phyllocardioides

169, 174, Fig. 158a, 158b, 158c., 175

67, 73, 175, 176, Fig. 159.

paypal ee wk, 178, Fig. 162.

ysticta 5

portillae 68, ih 88, 178, Fig. 163.

prolatiollaris . 73, 179, Fig. 164.

pane’ 68, - 379 Fig. 165.

ciple 68, 73, 180, Fig. 166.

recurvata 68, 75, 180, Fig. 167.

82,

ripley’ 68, 78, 183, Fig. 170.,

poner 7 68, 80, 82, 183, Fig. 17/.

— win 6s. 79, 81, 84, 184,

rutrifolia 57, 68, 76, 185, Fie. 175.

saccatilabia 68, 71, 186, Fig. 176.

sagittilabia 58

sanchoi_ 66, 68, 71, 150, 164, 186, Fig. 177a, 1776.

Ga nia i Fig. 130., 161

on 424 82, 159, a

meg ina

ving 1, 160, 161, Fig. 131. scabrilinguis aye

pre cubitoria 57, 65, 67,

a sis 57, 67, 81, "hae 161, Fig. 132.

. tamaen:

millei 65, 67, 76, 162, Fig. i 193

muriculata 67. i

? bs Fig.

nephroglossa 67, 81, 153, cae Fe 135., 196, 197

nipterophylla 67, 73, 163, Fig.

270 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Acronia sexton Platystele 62

sigynes 68, 15, oy leurothallidinae 60

siphiglossa 68, 81, 140, ery 187., 193 Pleurothallis 59,

simulans

solomonii 57, 68, 80, 193, Fig. 188.

subtilis 68, 70, 90, 99, 196, Fig. 194.

suinii ace hela By 196, Fig. 195.

tandapicnsis | 9. 69, 76, (ts Sit 196.

ipuloides 58

titan 69, 81,92, 125, San 199,

tonduzii 69, 80, 199, Fi

seasoned gtk A igh ct

transversilabia 69, 74, 199, Fig. 202., 200

trian,

tridentata G1 66 61 68,74 75, 176, 200,

Fig. 203a, 203b, 203c.,

troglodytes 69, 72, 170, r, 201, Fig. 204.

205.

se Fig. 2

variabilis 69, 78, 183, 204, Fig. 210., 205

vieirae 58

vinealis 69, 77, 205, Fig. 211.

volans igtasty 205, Fig. 212.

voleanica 5

wigginsii 5

oo - 206, Fig. 213.

9, 60, 162

Pleurothallis subgen. Pleurothallis a

Pleurothallis sect. Pleurothallis 57, 1

Pleurothallis sect. Macropirylleg Fesciculsic 37,61,

Pleurothallis subsect. Acroniae 57,59, 60, 124

ra ,

Pleurothallis subsect. Longiracemosae 59,

Pleurothallis subsect. Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae

57, 59, 61,

Pl re subsect. Macrophyllae-Race

59, 60, 1

Pleuroth oe subse ct. Parviflorae 59, 61.

ancaraes s series Amphigyae

— acestrophylla 83

acos 64

pene 83

acutipetala 64, 106

angusta 64,74, 78, 94, Fig. 22e., 96, 198

annectens 57,

antonensis 64, 94, Fig. 22d., 96, 143

archicolonae 57, i

bivalvis 60,61, 93,

pharopetala 96

boliviana 64, 151

bothros 97

vilingua 97

brachyblephara 64, 116

cardiantha 64, 93, Fig. 22b, 22c., 96

cardiochila 103

ON ge LT A CT 2. ——<

;

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE

Pleurothallis cardiocrepis Braid 57, 64,98 Acronia folsomii 134

cardiocrepis Rchb.f. 98, fe as

cardiophylla 64, 114 fornix 66, 99, 100

cardiophylax 103 fossulata 135

cardi 1, 104, gax 57,

ardiothallis 103, 1 fuscata 66, 94

cardium 65, 93, Fig. 22b, 22c., 96 galerita eget

carno ganymedes :

carrenoi pe gargantua ae

cass geographica ;

auda-hirundinis 57 giraffa 138

cauda-phocae 57 giraldoi aor

norum glabra

2 maaan 65, 160 globosa 139

chama 109 glochis | 57

chanchamayoenss 65, 94, 96 ,

chavezii 110 gonioglossa 66, 186

list nee 65, 104 att

cobri is 111 graciliscapa Sane.

colossus 137 :

omplanata 111 granularis

concaviflora 65, 133 harlingii 66, 94, Fig. 22e

nicostigma 112 no aE

constricta 1 hoeijeri | Bet

convexa 113 homalantha 66.143

cordifolia 117 horichii l

a 61,117 pea” $4

helena 65, 117 seed ps

bea, 1 ’

eae | eae

co panbard el e " Fig. 203c.

costaricensis Schltr, 106, ionantha yo 66, 200. ie.

sipex 65, istenice 16 146

crateriformis 120 juni is 6G

ta unine Bie

‘olia 66,1

crucifera 121 SS. 57, 65, 66, 122

cubitoria 65, 161 Seager

cundinamarcae 65, 160 eae

curvifructa 206 killipt 58

cutucuensis 122 kaappet 148

lanigera 66, 104, 105, Fig. 386

deflexa 123 ida 58,

dentipetala 57 = . = 66.93

- lansbergiana 66, 93

dewildei 125 iciin 148

lemniscifolia 149

dibolia 127 leontoglossa 66, 117

dil leptopetala 66, 128, 129

discoidea 60, 128 leucantha 149

liliani 66, 94, Fig. 22h., 96

drewii 57, linguifera 119, 151

dubbeldamii 130 lobata 58,

duk dy : longipedicellata 58,

pacnoring bow 109, Fig. 44b. lopez 58,

loreae 153

ciceals juctuosa 58,

ermnochila 6, 116, Fig. 54d. tosaris 153

erythrium 1 macra 154

excavata st macrocardia 155

exserta 66, maduroi 156

fantastica 134 magnipetala 156

271

millei

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Pleurothallis ramosii 58

rectipetala 180

60,

rubroinversa 185

185

rugosa

saccatilabia 186

nii 58

sigsigensis 68, 94, Fig. 22a., 96

i 8

siphoglossa 192

sobrina 58,

smithii 68, 117

somnolenta 58

193

sculptilis 194

tha 194

stelidilabia 194

stellata 195

stenocardia 68, 94, Fig. 22f.,96, 115

68, 160

m Ai ; = = i

See I fe Ne ee eT eee et eT ES OS ee Ee

EN a ea

SYSTEMATICS OF MACROPHYLLAE-FASCICULATAE

Pleurothallis triangulabia 173 Zosterophyllanthos granularis 178

tridentata 60, 61, 176, 200 giraffus 138

troglodytes 201 i

ssa 58, horichii 134

tuberculosa 202 ignivomi 94

tyria 202 imperialis 144

undulata 60, 119, 203 ionanthus

upanoensis 203 jupiter 147

valladolidensis 204 killipii 147

variabilis 183, 204 lacerus 148

veraguacensis 69, leucanthus 149

iei linguifer 151

vinealis 205 macra 154

vol. 205 matudianus |

volcanica 58 monocardius 114

wigginsii nephrocardius

ungasensis 69, 184 northernae 148

Restriopsis 1 pansamalae 169

um 61, peculiaris 170

Stelis 60, 62, 162 perijaensis 171

Zosterophyllanthos 59 ‘

strophyllus 83 phyllocardius 173

alo radula 179

altimonile 86 reptans 181

sis 88 rhodoglossus 182

correllii 119 saccatilabius 186

aneus 1 sanchot 186 188

diabolicus 125 gene rept

ensatus 131] stenosepalus

epigiottis 131 subtilis 196

‘ornix tridentatus 200

undulatus

ganymedes 136 ‘nealis 205

gonioglossa 186

274 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I thank all the persons with whom we have shared time and thrilling experiences

during the past 30 years while gathering material for this work, especially Alexan-

der C. Hirtz of Quito, Ecuador; Rodrigo Escobar of Medellin, Colombia; and the

Posada family of E] Retiro, whose cultivated material at Colomborquideas, and José

Portilla, family and staff of Ecuagenera, whose oe cultivated at Ecuagenera,

Gualaceo, Ecuador, yielded innumerable specimen

I thank all the herbaria that have allowed phlbeole access to their collections,

especially the herbaria of AMES, K, MO, and W for their most important, historical

collections. Dr. Gustavo Romero, curator of the AMES herbarium, has been partic-

ularly helpful. For sorting hundreds of collections, rehydrating hundreds of flowers,

and making innumerable determinations, I thank Lorena Endara of Quito, Ecuador,

but presently at the University of Florida in Gainesville. Part of her work at MO

was supported by the Elizabeth E. Bascom Fellowship in Botany for Latin Ameri-

can Women. I thank Victoria Hollowell, Amy McPherson and Kristin Pierce, all of

MO, for their expert and countless hours spent in proofreading.

1 also thank the Pleurothallid Alliance and those members who made the inking

by Stig Dalstrém of many of the illustrations possible.

REFERENCES

DRESSLER, R.L., 1981. The orchids: natural history and classification. Harvard University Press,

LINDLEY, J., on Folia Orchidaceae Pleurothallis 9-12.

Luer, C. A., 1986. Icones Pleurothallidinarum III. Systematics of the Pleurothallidinae. Monogr. Syst.

Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 20: 57-59.

~~=-=---------= 1988. A revision of some sections of subgenus Pleurothallis. Lindleyana 3(3): 133-149.

wemsncnresvenanen 1998, Toones Peay RE 4 XVII. Systematics Pleurothallis subsection Acronia.

Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 15

SYSTEMATICS OF PLEUROTHALLIDINAE 275

ADDENDA TO ACIANTHERA, ANDINIA, DRACULA, DRESSLERELLA,

LEPANTHES, AND RESTREPIA

The following species are addenda to genera already revised in previous

numbers of Icones Pleurothallidinarum.

New species:

Acianthera krahnii Luer & Vasquez

Andinia hirtzii Luer

Dracula veleziana Luer & V.N.M. Rao

Dresslerella cloesii Luer

Dresslerella lasiocampa Luer & Hirtz

Lepanthes florencia Dod ex Luer

Restrepia howei Luer

gpa: krahnii Luer & Vasquez, §P- a owe

.: Named for W. Krahn, of Stuttga lector of the species. Vets

; j - -anlibus crassis foliis brevi-

and T species subgeneris Aciantherae thizo oe blongis obtusis, petalis brevioris

ibus, flore singuli pedunculo abbreviato, iat, lobis lateralibus ad medium

oblongis et labello oblongo trilobo, lobo antico ghar? minute

brevibus distinguitur

thick, 1-2 cm long

Plant medium in size, —— shortly repent, the rhizome stout, ccaare sem lag, with a tubular

between ramicauls; Toots s len . Ramic auls s tout, terete, ascending-erect, thickly coriaceous,

sheath n Leal cxeet, a single flower borne bya

Piaksaerpeycreetegeg be base cuneate, sessile. the leaf; ‘floral bract tubular, pps

cle 1-2 mm long, from a spathe 3-4 mm long, at the base of the mm long, 1.25 mm thick; sepals light

pedicels 4 mm long with a filament; ovary rena Ree | elliptical, obtuse, 7 mm long, 3 mm

green, with a thin, purple edge, fleshy, glabrous, ‘ ique, 6 mm long, 2.75 mm

wide, 3-veined, the lateral se sepals Guo Os bane Sbtuse, 3-5 mm long, 1 mm wide, 1-

wide, 3-veined; petals colored as th the sepals, aes long, 1.5 mm wide unexpanded, the apical

terete, 3 mm long , the foot stout, 1 mm long, the anther, rostelium EF 1330 m, 14 Oct. 2003, R.

Santa Cruz: Cerro Fraile between Florida and Bellavista, alt. ‘

olotype ), C. Luer illustr. 20541.

BOLIVIA:

Vasquez & W. Krahn 4809 (Ho

thick, elliptical

With a thick, creeping rhizome; stout ramicauls shorter than

this species is distinct among

leaves; and a short, single-flowered inflorescence, free and fleshy; the petals

other members the genus Acianthera. I sepals are f ies lobes below the

are oblong and single-veined; and the lip has short, broad,

middle

Andinia hirtzii Luer, sp.nov. tector of the Orchidaceae of Ecuador

Ety.: Named for Alexander Hirtz, indefatigable : - Chase affinis, sed habitu ee

Species haec Andiniae schizopog a eg lis ang’ li bus integ sa

to Vice *k " “1 * r

276 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Plant small oe neg roots slender. Ramicauls slender, sei pnies rai haewd less

than 10 mm Pte enclosed by 2 loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, obovate, ob-

tuse, 3-4 cm long including a pices ca. 1 cm long, 6-8 mm wide, the base gradu. ally paki ane the

petiole. I a loose, successively 2- to 4-flowered raceme, up { to it cm es penn the

capillary peduncle 5-6 cm long, borne laterally fi

pedicel 6-8 mm long; nae a 1.5 mm long and wid white with hig

ly ovate, acute, acuminate, 18 mm long, 3

mm wide, 3-veined, the sc pars narrowly ovate, oblique, acute, acuminate, connate 2/3 the tah

minutely papillose centrally, 18 mm long, connate 13 mm, 5 mm wide together, with the sides revolute;

petals white, narrowly linear, acute, entire, 15 mm =~ 1 mm wide; lip white with rose papules, thick,

subquadrate, 3 mm mi long, 3mm wide, the apex broadly r re with a short, obtuse apiculum, the disc

pene hataty P the middle and held

the column, with broadly round ides fl lumn, the base hinged to the base

oft om Saino column white, stout, ease 3mm long, the anther, rostell d stig bapical

the foot obso

EDUADOR: Azuay: around Santa Isabel, road to Shaglli, alt. 2000 m, 20 Sept. 2004, A. Hirtz, E.

Sanchez, W. & J. Coeck pes ee sae without locality, collected by M. Portilla, Seed by

Ecuagenera, Gualaceo, 4 2001, C. Luer (MO).

Closely allied pls similar in many respects to Andinia schizopogon, this species

appears more distinct that the meagre differences in details would warrant. The

sepals of A. hirtzii are translucent silvery white, while the long-haired, shaggy, red

beard of A. schizopogon is reduced to minute, ee anaes on the inner halves of

the lateral sepals that are connate to above the mi

Dracula veleziana Luer & V.N.M. Rao, sp. nov.

Ety.: _— sa! Aura deans 293 of Francisco oe of 206 aapta gat Medellin, Colombia.

i~™ thi = wy AT 1

F latissimis, sepalis eburneis

] lik | 1; } linn? re we eee) ee

VOIRUSY differt.

Plant large, epiphytic, densely caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls stout, erect, 4-6 cm long, en-

closed by 2- 3 loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, thinly ae hang carinate, elliptical-oblanceolate,

acute, 18 5 cm long, 3-4 cm wide, gradually cnn

below into to the conduplicate, petiolate base. Inflorescence a pumartes te few-flowered raceme, bo y

a sparse zont: from low on the ramicaul; tc

bract tubular, 13 mm long; pedicel 23 mm ‘long; ovary white, 6 mm long, 3 mm thick, round in cross

section; sepals cream y white, » Shortly pubesce nt wi ithin, the do rsal sepal broadly ovate, 20 mm long, 25

mm wide, conc concave,

rounded,

horizo

Pp to shade a gaping, cupped flower, the apex

20 tress red-bro il ca. 5 cm long, the lateral sepals connate

mm into’ a cena ovoid ry 25 mm m long, 39 mm wide, “ ith a b road, sh allow mentum ue.

used im suf-

‘oO that Ui

a phat — gu white, marked with dark brown, , cartilaginous, ioeet mm ae 2. Su mm wide,

amina rounded,

Geatcalanes Mp yellow whe, spathulate, 16 mm long, 10 mm wide, the epichile sie aehens shallowly

aos: without incurved margins, filled within with mu Itiple, branched lamellae radiating from a cen-

-_ — 1 mm long, 10 mm wide, the hypochile broadly thickly ovoid, 5 mm long, 5 mm wide,

rounded sides, cleft centrally, the base concave, hinged to the column-foot; column white, stout,

ong.

semiterete, 5 mm long, with a stout foot 5 mm lon:

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: Urrao, Encarnacion, alt. 1900-2100 m, first collected in 1994 by Manuel

Saaphietpnwt Fane Villa rs Orgufllages, Medel, flowered in saan 25 Apr.

la ba cimar brea Western Cordillera of Colombia, is most similar to Dracu-

ou | Ecuador. Vegetatively, D. veleziana is larger with broad

- The sepals are creamy white with brown suffusion behind the lip. The lips

OF Doth spectes are similar, shallowly concave with non-incurved margins, but the

latter with many more radiating veins.

SYSTEMATICS OF PLEUROTHALLIDINAE 277

Dresslerella cloesii Luer, sp. n

Ety.: Named for Patrick Cloes of steal Belgium, one of this ETERS

Species haec Dresslerellae caesariatae Luer affinis, sed et labelli callo tri

furcato cota tur.

all, epiphytic, per das roots coarse. Ramicauls erect, suberect to horizontal, stout, 1.5-

3.5 cm ve enclosed by 3-4 pubescent, imabcinasind ting s : erect to s

dark green, covered on both sides by ae ‘iphones, elliptic-oblong, subacute, 2.5-3. 5 cm long, 1-1.2

cm wide, the er vane ses sil. y a stout

peduncle, 1-2 mm th at the b f the leaf; floral br 1.5 mm

long; pedicel enteno: 2mm long: ovary densely long-pubescent, 2 mm sae peer purple, fleshy,

covered externally by a dense, white pubescence, the dorsal sepal ov sans oe acute, acuminate, 9

mm long, 3 mm wide, 3-vein connate only basally to t

connate to the apex into a deeply concave, h ins, 10 mm long, 5

mm Sips unexpanded; petals nse p ets rem acute, acuminate, 6.5 mm ne 2 pu wide; lip

purple, pandurate, 4 mm long, the ap gins, oe

air the lateral lobes erect, abies goer: 3 mm wide expanded, the d th i

column slender, semiterete, 3 mm long, bidentate at the apex, the base thick, 1 mm long.

ROTITARMAPD. ¥ collected Cloes, fl 1 in cultiva-

tion by Cloes in Hasselt, mea ‘epi 1998, C. Luer 18793 eas Lae epiphytic in cloud forest

between Loja and Zamora, alt. ca. 1700 m, flowered in cultivation at MO, | Apr. 1971, C H. Dodson

390 (MO, SEL).

In habit, this little species is similar to Dresslerella hirsutissima: an oblong leaf

and an equally long ramicaul, and a successive flower borne from the base of the

leaf by a short peduncle. The flower is similar to the larger D. caesariata that is

subtended by a much smaller floral bract. The dorsal sepal is apparently rere

the saclike synsepal. A trifid callus is present between the bases of the lateral

Dresslerella hirsutissima (C. padiese ) i Fepa'igal 2: bach 1978.

. weinf., B

Ety.: From the Latin hirsutissimus, ' cee nay” in qreery ‘ aa

: II inf.) & Dunsterv., Venez.

Restrenieclla

J t

Plant small, epiphytic, email roots sle ay

enclosed by 3 diffusely dotted, lo pee -pilose, imbricatin tara be 4-4.5cm aoe

purple, long-pilose, erect to suberect, fleshy, elliptical-oblong, eae

raceme ca. 5 mm long, by a stout eel -2 mm long, with a basal sheath ca. 5 mm

the leaf; floral bracts tubular, long-pubescent, 5-6 mm long; — spots within,

densely long-pubescent, 1-1.5 m m long; se sepals greenish tan, Wi lender

externally, the dorsal sepal ovat gular, acute, acuminate apna sepals connate abo

mm long, 4.5 mm wide, wiry {free from the sepals, the Jong, 12 mim wide crane iinet:

into a deeply concave, obtuse, scaphoid synsepal, 10-18 mm om ppsteuien clvelat tail, 10-

petals microscopically ciliate, obliquely obovate, acute, eccesie: st caadoies §-7 mm long, the

15 mm long, 3 3 mm wide, 3-veined; lip light rose, dotted wi fringed, 2.75 mm wide, ie isthaves 1.5

lobe long-pa llose, ovate, obtuse, mi if apiculate tap os lobes below the the isthmus, the with trans-

mm wide, with oblique, obtuse, apiculate erect, marginal lobes from within | the lateral lobes, — note pawl

verse, broken lamellae, with a pair of verrucose cart

into r errucae on the anterior lobe, Bea heoapeantorrs hinged to

4 mm long, the apex bidentate, the thick, 2 mm long. — 35475 (Holotype: AMES; Iso-

PERU: Tarma: Agua Dulce, alt. 1800 m, 15 Mar. 1948, F. Woykowsky

EPS

in cultivation 2

ECUADOR: Zamora-Chinchipe: Cordillera del Condor, began ee

May 2004, at Ecuagenera, Gualaceo, A. Hirtz 8739 (MO), C. Luer oe ou localities. A

This species is apparently uncommon, Les. has been previously

different species, described here as Dresslerella ‘« characterized by ellipti-

identified as D. hirsutissima. Dresslerella hirsutissima

278 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

cal-oblong, long-pubescent leaves that are borne by more or less erect ramicauls

about equally as long, instead of much shorter and broader, prone leaves. The

flowers of the two species are similar, those of D. hirsutissima being borne by very

short peduncles, while those of D. lasiocampa are held erect by a considerably

longer peduncle. The apical lobe of the lip of D. hirsutissima is fimbriate and long-

papillose, while the apical lobe of D. lasiocampa is only microscopically verrucose.

lasiocampa Luer & Hirtz, sp. n

agi From Ky Orr povinient a ere caterpillar ” for the fancied Sues of the ore

inf.) Luer affinis, d

— latioribus, dunculo longi air PES as

sanll epiphytic. tose, more or less forming a rosette; roots slender. Ramicauls aceee

tal to feces stout, 1-3 cm Tong, enclosed by 3 pilose, ‘imbricating sheaths. Leaf li light green, s

the ramicaul, fleshy, sche siabos:

covered on both sides “a long, white trichomes, lliptical, obtuse, 2-35. cm long, 1.5-2 cm wide, the base

broadly cuneate, sessi a succession of single flowers, borne by an erect peduncle 12-14

mm long, with a see sheath 5 mm long, at the base of the leaf; floral bract tubular, long-pubescent, 9-

10 mm long; pedicel pubescent, 6-7 mm long; hg densely long-pubescent, 2.5 mm long; sepals trans-

lucent yellow-green, diffusely spotted with purple, covered extern ernally by a long, white pubescence, the

dorsal icon ate-triangular, é acute, acuminate, clavellate, 14 mm long, 4.5 mm wide, 5-veined, the later-

sea ek P i deeply ; es scaphoid synsepal, 13 mm long, 7 mm wide

I 1 ly pubescent, obovate below the middle, ob-

lique, 11.5 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, the apex acute, feds Gea the clavate tip yellow-orange; lip

light green, dotted with purple, pandurate, 6 mm long, the apical lobe ovate, minutely pubescent, 2 mm

wide, with the apex rounded, apiculate, obovate below the narrow isthmus, bad lateral lobes thin, un-

cinate, erect, the disc with a low pair of co nverging Carinae, the claw with an acute, erect callus, the base

ings with minute marginal obules, hinged to the column-foot;, ee slender, semiterete, 4 mm

2] li ike foot.

ECUADOR: Morona-Santi

ware sophie org ere ur owen

Luer 19666 (Mi

This species m been mistakenly identified as Peruvian Dresslerella hirsutissi-

ma. At that time, D. lasiocampa was the only species with long-pubescent sepals,

and with an attenuated, clavate dorsal sepal and petals known from Ecuador. The

other differences were thought to be geographic variations. It differs from D. hirsu-

tissima in the smaller, more or less rosette habit with much shorter, prone ramicauls,

and broader leaves. The flower is held erect by a considerably longer peduncle and

pedicel above the surface of the leaf. The ramicauls of D. hirsutissima are as long

as the narrower leaves, and the flowers are borne by short pedicels at the base of the

leaf. The apical lobe of the lip of D, lasiocampa is only microscopically verrucose,

while the apical lobe of D. hirsutissima is deeply fimbriate and long-papillose.

Dresslerella lasiocampa is most similar to D. pilosissima from Costa Rica.

Lepanthes florencia Dod ex Luer, sp. no

Ety.: ombaoniga intended by y Tied aed inteadeiiee cdc

occa species generis Lepanthidis ex Hispaniola iola, plant r Creede stissime

fahelli lamini

asa <4

Pl Sf 2

Raga: pear size, 1 psa. ouikin roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 2.5-7

sea cncse eg! lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf erect, erect, coriaceous, s slightly convex, _——,

ca ae in peo subacute to obtuse, 24-38 mm long, 16-25 mm wide, the base broadly

- pquehiags mm long. g a —— distichous, Habe —~s-

raceme u

slightly echinate, In = ten pedicels 1.5 mm long; ovary 15-2 mm 1 long; ‘sepals yellow, glabrous,

+h sha I £1

ae a

SYSTEMATICS OF PLEUROTHALLIDINAE 279

subcarinate, ovate, subacute, the dorsal sepal 4 mm long, 3.25 mm wide, 3-veined, connate to ed lateral

opposite, e lo

atepacdil microscopical pubescent, bilaminate, the blades narrowly ovate, with acute apices : and

-8 mm long, the ante Y and body broad, connate to the base of the column, the sinus

obtuse, with an ovoid, pir cent appendix; column | mm long, the anther and stigma apical

HAITI: Massif de la Hotte, Les Cayes, Formond, collected ca. ree flowered in cultivation May 1986,

as Formond #7, D.D. Dod s.n. (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 12170.

This species is apparently endemic in the mountains of eastern Haiti where it

was collected by Don Dod and cultivated as ‘‘ovalon.” It is characterized by a

congested raceme borne behind a convex, elliptical leaf that is stippled with purple

beneath; entire, subacute sepals; relatively large petals with the oblong, upper lobe

twice larger than the triangular, lower lobe; and a lip with narrowly ovate blades

that are straight and acute at the apex. The connectives are broad, and the appendix

is ovoid and pubescent.

a howei Luer, sp. nov.

Ety.: Named for Colin Howe, f the U.K. National Collection of Restrepia, who cultivates

species

this s

Species haec Restrepiae asp

be | } rr ¥ 5.7

‘Plant t small, epiphytic, contra roots slender. Ramicauls erect, kick rary nah hy

thin, whitish, loose, oblique, acute, compressed, imbricating — the base cuneate into a petiole 3 3

coriaceous, elliptical-ovate, subacute, 3-4. ad cm anes 15-2 cm wile,

nflorescence a small, solitary, flo ilament 2.5 mm

erect, 2.5-3.5 cm Tong; floral bract thin, Heart ee 3 er —— Sica ts

long; ovary 3 mm long; sepals membranous, pen a dorsal lavate apex 11 mm long, 2 mm

middle, narrowly ovate in the lower half, contracted into a slender, cla r into an

wide above the base, 5-veined, the lateral sepals light t tan, diffusely et wd, bifid atthe tip with the

elliptical, curved, concave synsepal, i 5mm cbies above the base, each margin with

ste P ranslucent, eS ‘dae star clavate tip, 6 mm — . os

th brown, oblong-pandurate, 5 mm long, ¢ 5¥

wide above the the base; lip orangey tan, vmninately spotted with mel mein Sy comes wah

wide, the isthm mus | mm wide, the epichile obovate, subtruncate, m i

the

mea en as eae Same ee

ADOR: without collection data, cultivated by the U.K- eo ort La Luer illustr. 20808

Berkshire, England, 2 Oct. 2004, Colin Howe 003 (Holotype as given to the UK.

A single leaf from Ecuador, without known spieeg: 6 n it flowered three

National Collection of Restrepia by Roy Barrow in be related to R. aspasicensis

years later, the small flower it produced a #3 the later by papery

from the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia. It differs from hairs;

spotted, brown synsepals; petals with a only few —. —resreec and es

longer, pandurate lip with the apical portion only ™

below the isthmus.

Fig. 2. Andinia hirtzii

Fig. 1. Acianthera krahnii

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM 281

282 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

ADDITIONS TO THE GENUS MASDEVALLIA

The following species are addenda to the Monograph of the genus Masdevallia.

The new species of Masdevallia are printed in identical format to Systematics of

Masdevallia, so that the pages may be removed and added to their respective

volumes. The pages are numbered to indicate places for insertion, i.e., 795a. to

precede 795.

New species:

Masdevallia andresiana Luer & Maduro

Masdevallia calcarata Luer & V.N.M. Rao

Masdevallia chaucana Luer & Hirtz

Masdevallia hartman-filii Luer, Hirtz & V.N.M. Rao

Masdevallia munae Luer & R.Barrow

Masdevallia naevia Luer & V.N.M. Rao

Masdevallia phoebe Luer & Hirtz

Masdevallia priscillana Luer & V.N.M. Rao

Masdevallia superbiens Luer & Hirtz

Masdevallia telloi Luer & Hirtz

SYSTEMATICS OF MASDEVALLIA 283

(227a)

Masdevallia andresiana Luer & Maduro, Sp. Nov.

Ety.: Named for Andres Maduro, Jr., 's Tropical

Flowers, Panama tees henas and ee LeEe A Chiu Panama, oa ” ~ me

Species haec M.

ee 1 lia a call rs A +. a SE ES gee z hh a-¢rr —_-

Ls ’ I

Oo large i in size, epi iphyt t p i ly sl der. Ramicauls erect,

stout, 1.5-3 cm long, enclosed by 2-3 loose deci duous, tul tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, thickly coriaceous,

10-15 cm long including the petiole 2-3 cm long, the blade obovate, obtuse, 2.5-3.7 cm wide, cuneate

below into the stout, deeply channeled petiole. Inflorescence a successive, loosely few-flowered

raceme, I- 2cm bet tween flowers, borne by a ang eae Rgark? ae with 2-3 distant bracts,

peters. 0mm long; ovary 8 mm long;

pay glabrous, » dorsal ig en drtone 44 9 shin

ith purple-brown within along akg hers. ovate, 12 mn mm th 15 mm wide, obtuse,

into a slender, yellow- “green ait: 3. i cm n long, connate to the lateral sepals for a mm into a ein

diffusely sane on purp Aue connate 25 mm into an oblone. bifid lamina, 30 mm long, 23 mm

wide, shallo concave central side, the acute, contracted

wi apices acute

into aay ah green | tails 2 mm weiess petals aioe strongly marked with purple-brown,

cartilaginous. ly obtuse, 6 mm long, 4 mim wide, with a pando epson

lar margin, t th ith purple-

brown, clog panda narrowed above ‘the middle, 10 mm Tong, 5 mm 1 wide, the apex ava broadly

triangular, the disc ¥ with a pair of the lo ny concave below | ——,

1 *, oh

ged beneath nearly to the

1, a

semiterete, smby sags he foot 5 ion 4mm

PANAMA: Bocas del Toro: alt. 1200 m, collected

and Andrew Maduro and son, cultivated by A.

Maduro at Finca Dracula, Cerro Punta, Chiriqui,

Panama, flowered in cultivation in Wilmington DE,

16 Oct. 1998, by M. Rao 96 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer

20144,

This species, collected a few years

after Masdevallia maduroi (Luer, 1998),

was thought to be merely a variation of

that species. Both occur in westernmost

Panama, but M. andresiana is found at a

higher altitude.

The more colorful Masdevallia andres-

iana appears to be visually distinct in spite

of only minor morphological differences.

The flowers are smaller with a shallower

mentum, and with shorter tails. The

are smaller with the tall wing reduced to a

marginal callus with a re-trorse tooth, and

the anterior extension of the column-foot

is longer. The folds that divide the lip into

an epichile and a hypochile are marginal,

instead of non-marginal as in M. maduroi.

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

284

Plate 665. Masdevallia andresiana

SYSTEMATICS OF MASDEVALLIA 285

(807a)

Masdevallia calcarata Luer & V.N.M. Rao, sp. nov.

ral From the Latin calcaratus, “with a spur,” oor to the ereer conical mentum of the flower.

t species Masdevalliae subsect. Caudatae Veitch sep fund

conicum ieee ibus distinguitur.

lant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. cauls erect, stout, 10-13 mm long, enclosed

by 2-3 loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, ong peta 3 37 mm long including a petiole 16-

17 mm Hong, the blade broadly praiget obtuse to rounded, 16- wide, contracted below into the

petiole. In ‘oduced duncl le7 cm long, slender below, becom-

ing stout above, with a bract c on n the lowes quarter, Efe low on the ramicaul; floral bract tubular, 7-8 mm

long; nedise’ stout, 23 mm long; ovary white, 5 mm long; sepals glabrous, creamy white, with micro-

scopically erose edges, the dorsal sepal pertains J below jars middle, channeled within below the

opposite the external carina, the blade elliptical, concave, 20 mm long, 12 mm wide, 5-veined,

the apex tL ODENEE, contracts nde abropely into a yellowish tail 15- 7 mm ‘long, 1 fom thick, connate 5 res

ted into stout tails 11- Ryard on daweclehy ate

bea uelala whi alee bique 6 mm long, 2 mm wide, P mae A

ast labellar margin with thick, obtuse. » ovale,

thin, 4.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, the apex narrowly rounded, with — midline, marginal callus, the

disc featureless except for beneath; column white, stout, semiter-

ete, 4 mm long, the foot thick, equally long, with an incurved extension.

PERU: without yey oe whe a collector

etre d by M. Arias, 2003, purchased from M.

as, 2003, deena’, in caliiteteoa | in Wilmington,

DE. A ug. 2004, V.N.M. Rao 188 (Holotype: MO), C.

Luer illustr. 20824

This species, unfortunately without

known locality at this time, is so distinct,

that it will eventually be recognized from

the locality in the future. It is a small

plant with broadly elliptical leaves with a

slender petiole. The strict peduncle is

slender below, but becomes stout with a

stout pedicle a considerable distance above

the leaf. The creamy white flower with its

conspicuous, retrorse mentum is propor-

tionately large for the plant. A similar but

much smaller mentum occurs in Masdeval-

lia caudata Lindl. and its allies. The

junction between the dorsal and lateral

sepals, protrudes with an acute, ear-like

angle

eee ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

SYSTEMATICS OF MASDEVALLIA 287

(453a)

Masdevallia chaucana Luer & Hirtz, s

Ety.: Named for the pape 4 of Chauca ¢ on ioe western slopes of the province of Azuay near

where the species was collec

es haec Masdevalliat's meeinet Luer & Portilla affinis, 1 sepalis i purr suffusis

maculatiague semiclausis late bovat ginibus basalib

rotundis differt.

Plant small Fynaitag di icauls slender, erect, 0.5-1 cm long, enclosed

by 2 loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, rt , petiolate, 465 cm long including the petiole 1-2 cm

long, the blade elliptical, acute, 1-1.4 cm w F Inflorescence

a successive, few-flow wered raceme, borne a a slender, sut horizontal I dt cle 4 “6.cm cm ring es

long pedicel 6 mm on ovary 3 mm lo fegne & dull rose, okies Aone and suffused with red-

spa litical ca. seg dk aw 7 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for

urple, glabrous the do .

m to forma ed tail ca. 4

cm long, the entire length 5.3 cm, the lateral dly subovate, oblique, 21 mm long, 8 mm wide,

the entire gc 5 cm, connate 1] mm into a lamina 16 1 mm am wide, the apices acute, attenuated into

slender tails; petals purple, elliptical, acute, 5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, callous along the labellar ~~

of the segerd third; lip purple, oblong, 8 mm long, 3 mm wide, the de pena ayes erose,

middle

rounded

shallowl —— epee of | low w calli on the

margins pfeonee i sie iterete, 4 mm ha rs foot ace, mm long excluding the

incurved extension.

ECUADOR: Azuay: western declivity, near Chauca,

alt. 2000 m, collected by pag er pape in

cultivation by Ecuagenera, Gualaceo, 2 2004, A.

Hirtz 8737 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer ee *50878.

This species is the only one of Masde-

vallia section Amaluzae found on the

western declivity of the Andes. It is most

closely allied to Masdevallia merinoi, but

it differs mostly in the appearance of the

flowers. The only two peduncles available

for study bore the flower in the non-resu-

pinate position. It is not known if other

plants produce the same.

The flowers are heavily suffused and

marked with purple, and the sepals do not

ties giving the flowers a tubular ap-

pearance. The free portions of the lateral

rsa of M. chaucana are shorter and

broader than those of M. merinoi that are

connate much farther beyond the sepaline

tube. The lip of M. chaucana is obovate

with large, erect, rounded margins at the

base, while the lip of M. merinoi is oblong

with low basal margins.

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

288

SS eS ee OT a a Se ee

Plate 667. Masdevallia chaucae

SYSTEMATICS OF MASDEVALLIA 289

(S8la)

Masdevallia hartman-filii Luer, Hirtz & V.N.M. Rao, sp. nov.

Ety.: Named for Hartman Mendoza, the son of the late Hartman Mendoza, who collected this spe-

s. The hyphenated epithet is deliberat i Art. 60.9.

cie

Inter species Masdevalliae subsect. Caudatae Veitch planta parva, sepalis obtusi auda f

i Se ts ee eee LI * 5 } i es hl 1 a . pm

oO”

parvo distinguitur. *

Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots fleshy. Ramicauls erect, stout, 13-15 mm long, enclosed by

2-3 loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, petiolate, 4-5 cm long including a petiole ca, 1.5 cm

long, the blade elliptical, obtuse, 9-11 mm wide, cuneate below into the petiole, Inflorescence a single

flower produced by a slender, erect peduncle 3.5 cm long, with a bract

a ;

the dorsal sepal white to rosy white, obovate, concave,

round, contracted abruptly into a slender, white tail 13 mm 5.5 mm to the lateral to

Se ie ores _ aS s rose, especially toward the base, ovate, ob-

hite, suffused wi

lique, acute, acuminate into white tails 13 mm long, similar to that pal; p hite,

oblong, 4.75 mm long, 2 mm wide, the truncate apex shallowly bilobulate, the labellar margin gn

longitudinal callus ending in a thick, obtuse, retrorse process, lip rose, elliptical, thin, 4.5 mm long,

mm wide, x obtuse to rounded, with a small, rounded, midline, inal callus, the disc ped

less except for thickening at the rounded base, hinged beneath; column white, stout, semiterete, 4 mm

long, the foot thick, equally long, with an incurved exte:

ECUADOR: Loja: without specific locality, collect-

ed by Hartman Mendoza, the son of the late Hartman

Mendoza, obtained by A. Hirtz, flowered in cultiva-

tion in Wilmington, DE, Nov. 2004, VN.M. Rao 195

(Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 20868.

Masdevallia hartman-filii was collect-

ed by the son of the late Hartman Mendo-

za, noted collector of orchids in southern

Ecuador. Among the species of Masdeval-

lia subsection Caudatae, this species 1S

characterized by a small, white flower that

is delicately suffused with pale rose,

especially toward the bases of the sepals.

The petals are white and oblong with a

retrorse, basal tooth. The lip is rose, thin,

and elliptical without other remarkable

feature

290 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Plate 668. Masdevallia hartman-filii

SYSTEMATICS OF MASDEVALLIA

Masdevallia munae Luer & R.Barrow, sp. nov.

Ety.: Named for the eyereus : of —_ easy here the wre ereer

T Sp y

4 ] lat Pee etic a: “32. B + tk

Plant medium in size for the section, epiphytic Ramicauls erect,

ee osed by 2 loose , tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, piesa ey 2m ong mig

petiole ca. 4 cm long, the blade narrowly elliptical-obovate, subacute, 1.5-2. cm wide, gradually narrowed

below into i a ce Inflorescence a si in a few

the peduncle triquetrous, 12 cm long, with a bract on the lower third, from low on the ramicaul; floral

bract thin, tubular, 8 mm long; pedicel 12-14 mm -_ pete shallowly winged, 5 mm long; sepals

glabrous, the dorsal sepal yellow, obovate; ca. 14m long, 8 mm wide, 3-veined, the ars ‘obtuse,

form a broad sepaline tube, the Leo fad purple, connate ris mm into a broadly oblong synsepal ca.

20 mm long, 20 mm wide, 6-veined, the apices distant, obtuse, contracted inte into slender, orange tails ca. 13

mm long; petals yellow, oblong, cartilaginous, 8 mm long, 2.25 mm wide, 1-veined, the apex. subacute

with an obscure marginal fold, the labellar half with a longitudinal callus, : lip

purple, oblong, subpandurate, 8.5 mm long, 3. 5 mm wide, divi

saree the epichile oblong-ovate, rounded at pee ees ” capes degoks concave, ee on the end:

column semiterete, 6 mm long, the foot thick, 4 mm long.

PERU: Hudnuco: near Hudnuco, alt. 2400 m, col-

aad by Saul Ruiz, Nov. 2003, purch hased from M

Arias, cultivated by Royden n Orchids, Grea t Missen-

den, England, R. Barrow RO23 (Holotype: MO), C

Luer illustr. 20823.

Among the numerous species of Mas-

devallia subsect. Alatacaules, this species

is characterized by a narrow, obscurely

petiolate leaf, and a relatively slender

peduncle shorter than the leaf. The flow-

ers are produced successively in a loose

raceme. Although the flower superficially

appears similar to many others with a

broad, cylindrical, sepaline tube, the later-

al sepals are deeply connate into a broad

synsepal with distant, obtuse apices that

are contracted into shorter, slender tails.

The petals are narrowly oblong. The folds

near the middle of the lip stand erect like a

pair of finlike lamellae.

292 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Plate 669. Masdevallia munae

SYSTEMATICS OF MASDEVALLIA 293

(86]a)

Masdevallia naevia Luer & V.N. ro Rao, Pas bp nov.

Lt From the Latin naevius, “with a irthmark,”’ in allusion to the black mark on the dorsal sepal.

Inter species Masdevalliae xanthinae Rehb. f. et affinitates folia oblonga, flore lutescenti, rscor

aes erases laminis leviter longioribus t lab

Plant di , epiphytic, pitose; roots sl Ramicauls erect, stout, 5 cm long, en-

closed by a loose, tubular sheaths and 2 others at the base bea eer 1 ng ii

the poe 3 5 cm long, the blade ic elliptical-oblong, obtuse, 22 cm wide, narrowly cuneate below into the

tiole. y ped

on the lower quarter, from low on th icaul; floral b bular, 12 mm long; pedicel 15 mm long;

ovary 6 mm long; sepals glabrous, white, suffused wit » the dorsal sep ig te, carinate,

concave, arcuate-cucullate, 17 mm long, 8 ide expanded, 5-veined, connate to the lateral sepals for

lateral sepals ovate, oblique, 13 mm lon ly for 5 mm, the obtuse,

contracted into thick tails 2: 5 cm a mils white, chiens priors 6 mm long, 3-4 mm wide at the

base with the callus, the truncate apex shal

ending in a thickened, obtuse, retrorse process; er white, thin, elliptical, 5. 5 mm long, 3.5 mm wide,

rounded without a callus, the disc featureless; column white, stout, semiterete, 6 mm long, the foot

equally long, with a short, incurved extension.

ECUADOR: Zamora-Chinchipe: between Jimbura

and Zumba, alt. 2000 m, obtained from Ecuagenera,

cultivated in Wilmington, DE, May 2004, V.V.M.

Rao 180 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 20806.

This species is another in the horde of

species related to Masdevallia xanthina.

The most distinguishing feature is the

conspicuous, black spot covering the base

of the tail of the dorsal sepal and adjacent

portion of the blade.

Vegetatively, Masdevallia naevia is

characterized by larger, oblong leaves, and

a longer peduncle. The dorsal sepal is

longer with the distal third concave, and

with the thickened tail pointing forw

As with the others, the marginal callus of

the petals is thick with a retrorse process at

the base. The lip is elliptical, thin and

featureless on the disc, and at the apex.

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

294

Plate 670. Masdevallia naevia

SYSTEMATICS OF MASDEVALLIA 295

(/45a)

Masdevallia phoebe Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.

Ety.: Named for Phoebe, the Greek goddess of the moon, referring to the large, rounded, orangish

synsepal.

bnter Species Masdevalliae Sect. Polyanthae subsect. Alaticaules Kraenzl. plage! parva, sepalis | later-

alih

ciate revolutis distinguitur.

t small in size for the section, epiphytic, caespitose; roots peg agen Seppe a 1.5-

2cm hea enclosed by 2 loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, 7 opens icles wc

il petiole ca. 4 cm long, the blade le narrowly elliptical-obovate, pon ba 13-15 cm wide, gabealy

arrowed | below to the petiole.

der, triquetrous. s, 8-10 cm long, with a brat atthe base, fom low on

12-14

the ramicaul; floral bract thin, tu’

18 or light orange-brown, microscopically verrucose within, glabrous externally, the dorsal sepal

wly triangular, di the synsepal, 27 mm long, pp tapdannipnagrnrcen,

lateral pit 3 mm to form a short,

the apex acute, acuminate, ponsate ta the i wale aap pa 6 ‘witha nee

rounded mentum, th bt hort ort, thick tails 3 on?

oblong, cartilaginous, 6.25 mm long, 1.75 mm wide, oe the apex truncate, Pa: wma

ginal ae the labellar margin with a longi : fol co pte epichile

brown, subpandurate, 6 mm long, divided above the ph rs . marginal pile aR

a ore epier at the apex, with the margins revolute, 2.5 mm long, 1.3 mm , ataady #

pane ong, 3.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the base truncate, hinged on the end; column semiterete,

ong, ie foot thick, , mm long, with a short extension.

ECUADOR: Raper ng 86 6 Cordillera del

Condor, Mayaicu, alt. 1200 m, collected by

era, Gualaceo "tows red in cultivation 27 huly 2004

A. Hirtz 8900 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr.

20875.

Another of the many species of Masde-

vallia subsection Alatacaules, this species

is distinguished by the small habit, a

narrow, obscurely petiolate leaf, and a

relatively slender peduncle about as long

as the leaf. The flowers are produced

successsively in a short raceme. Most

apparent is the broadly expanded, orbicu-

lar synsepal with a pair of tiny tails, and

overlain by an elongated dorsal The

petals bear a short, thick tooth at the base.

The lip is divided into a narrow, tubular

epichile, and a twice broader, oblong

hypochile.

”

ea sean

Q auetee

waveev rresy gee

ied

pons binaeee oad:

asset e

Plate 671. Masdevallia phoebe

SYSTEMATICS OF MASDEVALLIA

Masdevallia priscillana Luer, V.N.M. Rao, sp. nov.

Ety.: Named t for Priscilla de Portilla, wife of Ivan eo collector of this ware

Inter species Masdevalliae sect. Pol h f diocri , Sepalis

crassis, it dorsali profund lateralibus lati pansis cum caudi issimis distingui

tur.

Plant medium in size for the section, epiphytic i Ramicauls erect, slender,

1-1.5 cm long, enclosed by 2 thin, tubular sheaths. Leaf erec rect, coriaceous, 10cm long including a pe-

tiole ca. 1.5 cm ea the blade narrowly I , Subacute, 2 cm wide

Inflorescence a single flower produced ively abbreviated, gested the peduncle

triquetrous, ida above, 13 c m long, ithab he base, from I th i

thin, tubular, 7-9 mm long; pedicel ca. ovary shallowly winged, 7 mm long; sepals flesh

Ae glabrous, = babag eke, releri rllipia, concave, obtuse, antrorse, 13mm long, 6.5 mm

e, 3-veine

seal for 11 mm, the lateral sepals purple, elliptical, 30 mm long including the tails, connate 21 mm, to

form with the dorsal sepal a more. or less ovoid, sepaline tube, Ayana a shallow mentum, 17 mm wide

together, each 3-veined, th

long; petals white, narrow! ate, cartilaginous, 7 mm long, 2. 25 mm wide below the middle, 1-veined,

Ik low,

the apex narrowly obtuse, shallowly bilobed, t ending ina

rounded ne at the base, up spotted with purple, oblong. subpandurate, 7.5 mm ries wide,

divided above the middl lowly sulcate cen ypochile

oblong, pent 2 hinged beneath; column semiterete, 8 mm tg na foot thick, 2 mm

ECUADOR: Zamora-Chinchipe: collected by Ivan

Portilla, rained by Ecuagenera, Gualaceo, flow-

Among the numerous species of Mas-

devallia section Alaticaules, this species

is characterized by a stout peduncle that

exceeds the leaf in length. The flowers are

produced successively in a very short,

congested raceme, with the pedicel no

longer than the floral bract. Although the

flower superficially appears similar to

those of species related to M. bicolor, the

sepals are fleshy rigid and deeply connate

into an obovoid flower. The tails of the

lateral sepals are short, thick, and directed

forward. The petals are narrowly ovate,

and the lip is trilobulate at the apex.

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Plate 672. Masdevallia priscellana

SYSTEMATICS OF MASDEVALLIA 299

(1173a)

the Latin su; gna be sca: for the distinguished species.

ee superbiens Luer & Hirtz, sp. no

Species haec M, Luer affinis,

F ne i

ray ie

b ] salt ia ae Tadxils a

Plant large, epiphytic, peer? ages 31s slender. -Ramicauls stout, 5 em long, enclosed by 2-3 loose,

f erec

tubular sheaths. Lea

gabecube to chee 4a La bel nt eee re Inflorescence i

ously several-fl d up to 24 g, including th Je 15-18 cm long, with

| bract inflated, 5-6 mm ; pedicel 1.5 mm

a bract on the lower third, fi

— ovary a mm long, 25m mm n wide, with undulate carinac; sepals white, , finely = with 68 ty

Pp e, minutely alu i sparsel. J rss

mn long, 13 mm

L 1 e

Seariend bak stn oh 0m ge ar ial

long, 5 mm v wide, connate 2 mm

ticulate, the | if with a longi

oblong, 4.5 mm lon , 2 mm wide, the apex acute, th

tudinal carina; lip yellow, oblong-subpandurate, 5 mm long, 2 mm wide, owe. constricted i in the distal

ase thick. truncate, hi

-«l, eh,

ihibe, penary "4 mm long, the foot thick sKypnyshenrenen as

ECUADOR: Bolivar: epiphytic “above Chillanes,”

This handsome species is superficially

similar to Masdevallia dalstroemii, and

was reportedly collected at a high altitude

above Chillanes in south-central Ecuador,

the same general area where M. dalstroe-

mii occurs.

The flowers of Masdevallia superbiens

are white with red-purple spots, and trans-

verse bars on the sepals near the margins.

The dorsal sepal is round, concave and

much wider than that of M. dalstroemii.

The petals are sharply acute, and the epi-

chile of the lip is round, wider than the

hypochile and not recurved

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Plate 673. Masdevallia superbiens

SYSTEMATICS OF MASDEVALLIA 301

(91a)

ge ag yp ewiae telloi Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.

Ety.: Named for Omar Tello of Puyo, Ecuador, original collector of the plant, and cultivator of this

species

Species win eee bicolort Forge. & Endl. affinis, sed pedunculo graciliore longioreque,

racemo multiflor

Plant small in size for the section, didade caespitose; roots fleshy. Ramicauls erect, slender, |

1.5 cm long, enclosed by 2 loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, 6-9 cm long jecladieg ma an

eta petiole 1-2.5 cm long, the blade narrowly elliptical-obovate, subacute, 1- 14cm wide, rad

ly narrowed wi a9 into the petiole. ing

ies tom le slend . triquetrous, 9-11 cm long, with a bract at the

base, from oe, om the ramicaul; Florals bract thin, tubular, imbricating, 9- nbseee ctr long; pedicel 7-10 mm

long; ovary 4-5 mm long; sepals gl s, the dorsal sepal yellow, narrowly ovate,

mm long, 5.5 mm wide at the bees sind contracted into a thick, yellow apex or tail, arse mm broad,

s rose-purple,

connate to the lateral sepals for 3 mm to form a short, sepaline tube, the sepal » CON

i 11 ide, ipa hts pesspteprsdytons

mm into a bifid synsepal 18 mm thee mm w phe: porn Asia

obtuse, contracted into thick apices or tails ca. 5 mm long, 2

ginous, 5 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, 1-veined, the apex truncate, dered the nae ee with 2

longitudinal carina ending in a thick, rounded callus at the base mm long.

mm wide, divided above the middle by oe: marginal fo!

with the margins minutely serrated, the piichalee hinged on the end; column

long, the foot thick, 3 mm long, with a hede gm

; lip rose.

folds, ecco he ae

semiterete, 4 mm

ECUADOR: Pastaza: Palora, alt. 700 m, collected

near Puyo by Omar Tello, s.n., flowered in cultiva-

tion 4 him in Puyo, June 2004, A. Hirtz 8782 (Holo-

type: MO), C. Luer ‘that: 20876.

This species is related to the variable

Masdevallia bicolor and its numerous

relatives, but it differs from them by a

slender habit with a slender, proportionate-

ly much longer peduncle. The numerous

flowers are produced successively in a

congested raceme over a long period of

time.

With a yellow dorsal sepal and a pur-

plish synsepal, the flowers of this species

are basically similar to those of M. bicolor.

The sepaline tails, however, are much

thicker. The lateral sepals expand imme-

diately beyond the junction with the

sepal instead of making a concave symse-

pal. The petals and lip are not re bly

different, except that the apex of the lip is

not verrucose.

302 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Plate 674. Masdevallia telloi

NEW SPECIES OF LEPANTHES FROM ECUADOR

Louls J. JOST

Moore Institute, Bafios, cea kee Ecuador

American

eden Meenas Eloy Alfaro, chek Ecuador

\jost @pi.pro.ec or loujost@yahoo.com

New species:

Lepanthes mayordomoensis L.J.Jost & Luer

Lepanthes ornithocephala L.J Jost & Luer

Lepanthes pseudomucromata L.J.Jost & Luer

Lepanthes spruceana L.J.Jost & Luer

I th d is L.J Jost & Luer, Sp. NOV.

be F ~~

AL 5 ¢. Pal

ied haec FAUST ER: veers Luer & Hirtz similis, sed labelli laminis alaformibus, et

Seeree ad are jhdpeEe

ize lender. Ramicauls slend erect, x-x cm long,

enclosed by 6-9 tightly fitting, ods ciliate, dark gray lepanthiform sheaths, w ostia abruptly dilat-

Leaf suberect, thinly coriaceous, elliptical, acute-acuminate, 4-5 cm long, payin wide, the round

base sharply contracted into a petiole 1-2 mm long. Inflorescence a | congested, di distichous, successively

many- raceme up to an eae kay 1 f by if m pedu le up to 1.3 cm |

floral bract - mm long: pedi 2 Is white , glabrous, the

dorsal angular eo nea te pene eae connate to the pew cpawnet 1.4 mm, the

sik iene ovate, peor acute, nes 7.9 mm long, 3.6 mm wide, connate for 2.9 mm; petals

S, peed

yellow suffused red on sely bilobed, minutely pubescent, 1.4 mm long, 4 mm wide, the

upper lobe trangular-oblong, the obliquely | narrowed, the lower lobe shorter, triangular; :

yellow, bilaminate, the blad y g wick microscopically pubescent, 1.7

ith b ded b bracing the column, the connectives

broad, feo the basal halves of the blades, the ates phen ciliate, connate to the column oaly 3 ee Khe

base; the appendix a triangular flap with two age slightl

a . with a pubescent prong wna the flap

ong, the anther dorsal, the stigma

ECUADOR: Tungurahua: epiphytic in cloud forest on Cerro Mayordomo, alt. 2800m, 6 Jan. 2002, L.

Jost, R. Kunstaetter & D. Kunstaetter 3742 (Holotype: MO; Isotypes: QCNE, QCA).

This species closely resembles sympatric Lepanthes tungurahuae, but is imme-

diately distinguished by the winglike blades of the lip. The pincer-like bilobed apex

of the appendix is also distinctive. The species is apparently rare, since only one

plant was found in an area that has been intensively searched for Lepanthes on

several previous occasions.

4 oh t Jessen 7 1

oS ornithocephala L.J Jost . slew? sp. nov.

remy m Greek wed seedy ta in reference to the peer of the appendix.

. perioribt 18 late rotundatis

Se ies haec Een benzingit Luer pith? i pe t

labelli connectivis brevioribus, et apf Tbs

Plant medium in size, epiphytic, peas roots slender. Raricasls very sle pendant, 5-8 cm

~ enclosed by 5-7 tightly fitting, s sparsely short-ciliate _ dark lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf pen Re

oy apy 4 ramicaul, coriaceous, elliptical-ovate, short-acumi acuminate, green suffused with peas cm

wey 2.1-2 wide, the base sharply contracted into a petiole 1 mm long. rescence a “ere

distichous, pirdiesie many-flowered raceme up to 2.5 cm long, borne beneath the leaf by a filiform

tl 4:ffert

304 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

peduncle up to | cm long; floral bract 0.6 mm long, muricate: pedicel 2.1 mm long; ovary 3.3 mm long;

ow, glabrous, the dorsal sepal triangular-ovate, obtuse, 2.7 mm long, 2.1 mm wide, connate to

the lateral sepals for 1 mm, the lateral sepals ovate, connate 1.5 mm into a transversely ovate, bifid

lamina 1.8 mm long, 2.3 mm wide, the apices acute, free for 0.4 mm; petals orange, suffused with red,

transversely bilobed, minutely cellular-glandular, 1 mm long, 3.1 mm wide, the upper lobe round, the

lower lobe narrower, rectangular-oblong; lip red, bilaminate, the blades narrowly oblong, 1.9 mm long

ith truncate d db mbracing the col , th i from the middle of the blades,

the body thin, each half with a long-f gi fi dj t to the appendix, the

appendix very large, oblong, concave, short-pub , bearing a beaked, hooded, long-pubescent sphere

at apex; column 1.8 mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma ventral.

kh hase 5

ECUADOR: Tungurah piphytic in cloud fe b Rio Anzu, alt. 1560m, 1 March 2001, L. Jost,

S. Dalstrom 2951 (Holotype: QCNE; Isotypes: MO, QCA).

piphytic in cloud forest on the Gal ins, alt. 1670m, 4 March 2003, L. Jost, H. Vargas,

Tania Delgado et al. 5356 (Paratype: QCNE).

In the field, this species looks exactly like Lepanthes benzingii, with the same

pendant habit, similarly slender ramicauls and shape of leaves. The flower colors

are also identical. However, the floral details are very different; this species has

much broader, rounder petals than L. benzingii, and a relatively longer column and

lip. Most distinctive is the elaborate appendix, resembling a hooded bird skull on a

long strap. Although this species grows in the same general area in Ecuador as L.

benzingii, it occurs at slightly higher elevations than that species.

Tian 41. 3 4

pai I L.J.Jost & Luer, sp. nov.

Ety Ar AS 1 Lr fel F . r ; L I indl

Species haec Lepanthedis mucronatae Lindl. variati ifoliaris similis, sed ]

| as 1 is os a “a AME eat be 25 ae ts Caen é

Plant medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls very slender, erect, 7-11 cm

long, enclosed by 8-11 tightly fitting, brown lepanthiform sheaths. Leaf suberect, thinly coriaceous,

narrowly elliptical, acuminate, 5-7 cm long, 7 to 9 mm wide, the acute base sharply contracted into a

petiole mm long. Inflorescence a congested, distichous, successively many-flowered raceme up to

ong } idnik Shs ot 1 _f ¢ * .

10mm ]

either 3-6 mum long or 20-25 mm long, both types of peduncle usually recent on cach lenf: floral bract 1

mm long, mem ai types of pe usually present on eac ;

, long; ovary 1.5 mm long; sepals dull salmon, minutely den-

ticulate, the dorsal sepal transversely ovate, acute, 4.1 mm long, 3.9 mm wide, connate to the lateral

ay for 1 mm, the lateral sepals lique, connate 2 mm into an ovate, bifid lam mm

er ide, the apices acute, oblique, free for 1.3 mm; petals dull salmon and yellow suffused

brown and dull green, transversely bilobed, with a slender marginal lobe, the upper lobe minutely

ide, oblong, truncate, the angles shortly acuminate, the marginal pro-

t, 0.8 mm long, the lower lobe long-pubescent along margins, 0.9 mm long, 1.7

; gular, acute; lip yellow suffused dull purple-brown, bilaminate, the blades oblong-

Ovate, thin, 1.7 mm long with rounded ends, embracing and covering the column, the connectives cu-

neate from the basal halves of the blades, the body small, microscopically pubescent, the appendix

comparatively large, pubescent, canoe-shaped, with a small terminal lobe; column 1.4 mm long, the

anther , the stigma ventral.

ent sf

2493 (Holot we QCN Piphytic in cloud forest above Cashurcu, alt. 2200m, 9 Dec. :

(QCA): rath E; Isotypes: MO, QCA); same site and date, L. Jost 2494 (QCA), L. Jost 2495

(QCA). waters of the Rio Zufiac, alt. 2160 m, 26 Nov. 2001, L. Jost, D. Neill, S. Ludlum et al. 3460

This species is very similar to the cor i onata.

Had it been known ommon and variable Lepanthes mucr

LEPANTHES OF ECUADOR 305

tions of L. mucronata by the broader flowers and the much more pubescent pe

including the marginal process and especially the lower lobe, which has a ee

long hairs on its margin. The marginal process of this species does not extend

beyond the margin of the sepals. The appendix is larger and more concave than that

of L. mucronata.

Lepanthes spruceana L.J Jost & Luer, sp. no

.: Named for Richard Spruce, English cp bona, who made extensive collections of mosses

and vascular plants. He crossed eee eapiepe + Abitagua in eastern Ecuador in 1857 during his epic

Jonas # across | South Ameri ica. He “There is one mountain, called Abitagua, which though not

g J P nd rai The trees on to the topmost

leaves, are so thickly di hat izabl i “ nies ocur

able.” 3 rT

otes of a Botanist on the Amazon and Andes, edited by A.R. WAllace, Macmillan, London: 177,

sient (in a letter to George Ben tham)

Ed. note "(Luer)": J off 3 I * ife z L 2. ae ee epee

least 35 ip 3 7 ¢T EPANTHUES hiacli 2 he f i, di jhed here.

Species haec 1 {3 hedi. ig is Luer & Hirtz paar! if I 2g

bus longipubescentibus, et appendice integro ascending, simple, scoop-shaped appends

PI os Raachols slender, pendant, 3-6 cm long,

scare by 7-11 Appeal o much-dilated, tan Sepnatifors rm sheaths. Leaf to

pee Ce coriaceous, flushed purple c beneath, narrowly elliptical, long-acuminate, 3cm long, 0.8

rply contr to a petiole 1 mm long. Inflorescence a congested, dis-

i pto 5 mm lo ng, borne on n the dorsal surface of the leaf

pieieey

one succes sively f

ncle: seam ong; seas al pul hs ti mm

orange-red, transversely bilobe d, long-pubescent on

nan OUTS equal, the upper lobe triangular-oblong, acu

, the blades fusiform, rounded at base, tapered 1.6mm long, ing

i Coen. the connectives iaqans rancer from the middle of a blades, the body parrow, the

gular I ace

appendix broadly trian . io fe 4 55 leds loo, the

ba cred, he gma venta

Nk ae eis, a ee a alt. 2200m, 1 Dec 2001,

ECUADOR: Ti df i

L. Jost, D. Neill, S. Ludlum 3580 pi eben: MO; Isotypes: QCNE, QCA).

This is one of about half a dozen sympatric species with similar habits and

flowers, including Lepanthes urotepala Lindl., L. zunagensis, and several more

the remote Sacha Llanganates mountains

undescribed ones, all growing together in

of eastern Ecuador at elevations of 2000-2300 m. Lepanthes spruceana is easily

distinguished from the others by the long-ciliate margins of the petals. The appen-

dix is also distinctive, originating from a very deep sinus and held almost vertically,

so that its base is hidden by the side lobes of the lip. Only one example of this

species could be found in spite of extensive searching.

SYSTEMATICS OF PLEUROTHALLIDINAE 307

MISCELLANEOUS NEW TAXA AND COMBINATIONS:

gg pian ne (Luer) Luer, gen. et stat. nov.

as.: Lepanthes subgen. Brachycladium Luer, Monogr. Syst. Bot. 15: 31, 1986.

Type Lepant thes nummularia Rchb f.

L pe Bah =

is taxon eee s d bg f L details in

icones Pleurothallidinarum XI (Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 52: 130 1994. Iti is clevated

Beil OU BY HIT

variable lip without an appendix (except for a midlobe i in primperas rmpares The lip of Lep-

to attract pollinators.

Brachycladium ariasianum (Luer & L_Jost.) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas.: Lepanthes ariasiana Luer & L.Jost, Monogr. Syst. Bot. nape eg Bot. Gard. 72: 104, 1998.

Brachycladium cardiochilum (Lu ehwanuay einer bey

Bas.: Lepanthes cardiochila Luer & R.Escobar, Orquideologia 190) 86, 1994.

B cladium catellum (Luer & R. Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas.: Lepanthes catella Luer & R.Escobar, Orquideologia 16: 10, 1983.

Brackets poy (Luer & Hirtz) Luer, co:

Bas.: is Luer & Hirtz, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 88: 88, 2002.

Brachy cladium ciliare (Luer & Hirtz) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas.: Pisa ciliaris Luer & e Hirtz, » Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 52: 8, 1994.

comb. nov.

Bas.: th scobar, Onjideologia 91(2): 88, 1994.

Brachycal um cordilabium (L ie “ee: comb. no

as.: Lepanthes cordilabia Luer, Monogr. vas ox Missouri Bot. Gard. 88: 88, 2002.

I uer, comb

Bas.: Lepanthes dactyla Garay, Orquideologia 6: 1B, ae

Brachycladium destitutum (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, co

Bas.: Lepanthes destituta Luer & R.Escobar, pawewiy 23 ate "179, 1988.

Brachycladium erepse (Luer & Hirtz) Luer, comb. no

Bas.: Lepanthes erepsis Luer . Hirtz, Die Orchidee 37 215, 1986.

xige

rachy’

Bas.: Lepanthes geminipetala Lue

Bas.: Lepanthes hippocrepica Luer & R.Escobar, Orquideologia 18: 54, 1991.

Brachycladium irrasum (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas.: Lepanthes irrasa Luer & R.Escobar, er Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 52: 18, 1994.

Bot. Gard, 52: 21, 1994.

Bas.: Lepanthes lunaris ree: ewes pes ‘Bot cree

Bas.: Lepanthes lupula ct thee ee Orsi Soe Bul. 53: 1162, 1984.

Brachy lynnianum (Luer) Luer, comb. no

Bas. Lepanthes lynniana Luer, Monogr. Bot. bichon eas Gard. 88: 91, 2002.

Brach

Brachycladium & R.Escobar) Luer, comb.

Bas.: Lepanthes monilia Luer & R at jeaper gs 16: 12, 1983.

comb. nov.

Brachycladium ni (Rchb

Bas: Lepanthes nummularia Rchb.f., se Orchid. 1: gg 1858.

octocornutum (Luer) Luer, comb. no

onogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 88: 91, 2002.

Brach ;

Bas.: ehaehes persimilis Luer & Sijm, Monogr. Syst. "Bot Missouri Bot. Gard. 88: 92, 2002.

cladii Luer, comb. nov.

ed eeters st. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 52: 33, 1994.

308 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Brachycladium platysepalum (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas.: Lepanthes platysepala Luer & Escobar, Monogr. Syst. Bot. esti’ Bot. Gard. 52: 36, 1994.

B jum pseudocaulescens (L.B.Sm

Bas.: Lepanthes ricii Luer & R. Visqpet, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 52: 40, 1994.

& Hirtz ) } Luer, com

Bas.: Lepanthes stalactites Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 2: 105, 1987.

Brachycladium uer) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas.: Lepanthes triangularis Luer, ae: sides oe Missouri Bot. Gard. 52: 43, 1994.

Bas.: Lepanthes tridactyla Luer, het Loge st. ea Missouri Bot. Gard. 88: 92, 2002.

Brachycladium ursulum (Luer & R. Escobar) Lue uer, comb. nov.

Bas.: Lepanthes ursula Luer & R.Escobar, haat Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 52: 46, 1994.

ost) comb. nov.

Bas.: Lepanthes viebrockiana Luer & ele Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 72: 104, 1998.

Brachycladi vill (Lgitnant) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas.: Lepanthes villosa Lojtnant, Bot. Notiser. 130, 1977.

Brach um werneri (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas.: Lepanthes werneri Luer, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 88: 93, 2002.

Expedicula Luer, gen. nov.

Type: Pleurothallis apoda 2 Garay & Dunsterville, Venez. Orch. il. 3: 246, 16S.

balony genvs of two species is characterized Be small plants with ramicauls hat in lepeuthi¥aria

E rt, terete, wingless, and footless

column ‘with an | apical anther and stigma.

} eh... ike sh £ oh,

y other pl hallid g Hee

with Trichosalpinx Luer and later, with Lepanthopsis

Ames was considered.

Expedicula apoda (Garay & Dunst.) Luer, comb. no

Bas.: Pleurothallis apoda Garay & Dunst., Vous: Orch. Ill. 3: 246, 1965.

Syn.: Trichosalpinx apoda (Garay & Dunst.) Luer.

Syn.: Lepanthopsis apoda (Garay & Dunst.) Luer

Type: VENEZUELA: Trujillo: 196K, G.C. K. Dunsterville 506 (Holotype: AMES).

i dewildei (Luer & R.Escobar) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas.: Lepanthopsis dewildei Luer & R.Escobar, leace, Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 52: 116,

Type: COLOMBIA: Boyaca: Jan. 1993, A. De Wilde 4436 (Holotype: MO).

Orbis Luer, “ite nov.

Type: Pleu hallis truncat ja Lindl., Comp. Bot. Mag. 2: 355, 1

Syn.: Pleurothallis subgen. Pleurothallis sect. Truncatae pe: Se Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot.

3, 1995, harp on! with

This genus of a single sp ies is characteri d by I rg pl ith ile leaf:

suborbicular fl a deeply inflated ] aki and foot-

we column with an apical anther and stigma. Because of the small. sperture: of the ; orange flower, as

a A ££ ae by

genus

Orbis truncata (Lindl. bsele agi nov.

Bas.: Pleurothallis Lindl., Comp. Bot. Mag. 2: 355, 1836.

Type: ECUADOR: Aelita a 1848, W. Jameson s.n. (Holotype: K).

Specklinia tubata (Lodd.) Luer, comb. no

— Stelis tubata Lodd., Bot. "Cab. 17, he lel. 1830.

yn.: Physosiphon tubata (Lodd.) Re

Syn Pleurothalls tubata (Lodd.) Luer

en bey C= Jalapa, collected 1828, Mr. hse 5.n. PERG W).

P ply E Stelis and hallis R.Br., with

SYSTEMATICS OF PLEUROTHALLIDINAE 309

Vestigium v.

Type: phate 8055 a Luer, Phytologia 47: 72, 19!

eit imo erly Pleurothallis sect. pats: Luer, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot.

Ilum vestigium

Type: COLOMBIA: Narifio: La Planada above Ricaurte 1979, C. Luer et al. 4547 (Holotype: SEL).

ie As cefines 3 in iegiena section Aborti pecies, five of ony have been transferred

OD Arranin Ip ( ) ts : Poe 4 7 s to Vesti

These comic. es 1 L ear , Y = 3. ae

— _ J ered

orescenc d 9 minnte h ) ay eh + ag 1 i ee. L 4

ies apical. Thi bination of feat: eA Pele Ste

estigium abortivum (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas.: Pleurothallis abortiva Luer, Phytologia 47: 72, 1980.

Type: COLOMBIA: Narifio: La Planada, Ric aurte, ne. ‘1979, C. Luer et al. 4547 (Holotype: SEL).

CORRIGENDA

Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 95, 2004.

Because of an earlier homonym, the following new name is required:

Brachionidium pepe-portillae Luer & Hirtz, nom. nov.

ee Brachionidium portillae Luer & Hirtz, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 95: 233, 2004; not

chionidium portillae Luer, Lindleyana 1: 176, 1986.

Because of the omission of the place of publication of the basionym, the following

is required:

Crocodeilanthe weddelliana (Rchb.f.) Luer, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot.

Gard. 95: 257, 2004.

hid 3: 24, 1878.

Bas.: Pleurothallis idelliana Rchb f., Xenia O

Because of the omission of the word “‘Holotype,” the following were invalid under

CBN

Art. 37.5 (2 ;

Lepamipes inaequisepala Luer & J.J. Portilla, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot.

Gard. 88: 90,

uador: qrteg Santiago: Sinai near Macas, cultivated at Ecuagenera, Oct. 2000, J. Portilla 2114

(Holotype: Mi

Lee Leuperes Dod ex Luer, Selbyana 7H): a. eer

Sat the | ional, Santo Domingo. Dom

pe Pe: Itivated ac

Rep., D. Dod 2216 (Holotype: MO).

Lepanthopsis purpurata Dod ex Luer, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard.

88: 104, 2002.

Haiti: Massif de la Hotte, Les Cayes, Formond, alt. 1100 m, collected by D. Dod, song la Jardin

Botdnico Nacional, Santo Domingo, Dom. Rep., Apr. 1992, D. Dod 2260 (Holotype:

Lepanthopsis woodsiana Dod ex Luer, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard

88: 105, 2002.

collected by D. Dod, cultivated at the Jardin

H M. if de la Hote, Les Cayes, Formond, ah 110 m,

raise Hartel Santo Domingo, Dom. Rep., Apr. 1992, D. Dod 2263 (Holotype: MO).

allia tricycla nogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 87: 971, 2002.

288 its sageshentae ad at Ecuagenera, Dec. 2001, A. Hirtz 7837 (Holotype:

Ecuador: Zamora :

MO).

310 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

VALIDATION OF NAMES CITED IN MONOGR. SYST. BOT. MISSOURI BOT. GARD. 95, 2004.

Icones Pleurothallidinarum XXV! I was planned for the fall of 2003, but delays soya it until the

spring of , when it 'y with the next Icones Pleurothallidina

gagneree gs Luer, gen. no

Type and losses as coed ie lanhe Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 95: 76, 2004.

This generic name was invalidly published under Art. 34.2 (2000 ICBN) t imul

published in Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 95: 253, 2004 with an alternative name, Pleurothal-

lis subgen. Aberrantia, Le: 16, , 2004. I here validate au the name Aberrantia Luer. The leaf decurrent

; and he lang.

callous petals; t g-ungu icu-

Roac La (oat, , om mee | ¥,

Aberrantia aberrans (Luer) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas. Pleurothallis aberrans Luer, Selbyana 2: 382, 1978.

Type: PAN. : Veraguas: abov er 1976, C. Luer & R. Dressler 1628 (Holotype: SEL).

Thi bi was invalidly published under Art. 43.1 (2000 ICBN) by being attributed to an

invalidly published genus.

rSy cman F Luer, oe no

SC mele Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 95: 77, ye

ee generic name was invalidly published under Art. 34.2 (2000 ICB ]

ain in Monogr. mt ei Missouri Bot. Gard. 95: 257, 2004 with an alternative name Pleurothal-

lis subgen cy TT, 2004. I here validate only the name Didacrylus Luer. A sessile leaf and

with ventral anther,

bibrachiate sear ays see stigma distinguish this genus.

lus butcheri (L.O. Williams) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas. Pleurothallis butcheri L.O. Williams, Fieldiana Bot. 29: 3.

Type.: PANAMA: : vicinity of Volcén, 1961, H.P. aks 651 (Holotype: F).

This combination was invalidly published under Art. 43.1 (2000 ICBN) by being attributed to an

invalidly published genus

Didactylus oscitans presi: Luer, comb. nov.

Bas. Pleurothallis pain , Bot. . 2: 25, 1934.

Type: HONDURAS: Cortes: Santa Cruz de Yojoa, oe J.B. Edwards 515 (Holotype: AMES).

This combination was invalidly published under Art. 43.1 (2000 ICBN ) by being attributed to an

invalidly published genus.

i lus paradoxa (Luer & rawr Luer, comb. nov.

Bas. Pleurothallis is paradoxa Luer &T Dalstré sm, Lindleyana 11: 177, 1996.

YP Imbabura: L , 1993, S. Dalstrém et al. 1764 (Holotype: MO).

tion was peak as published under Art. 43.1 (2000 ICBN) by being attributed to an

uiee petal oe

Didactylus thysana ay; te & J.J.Portilla) Luer, ons nov.

Bas. Pearothotlis thysana Luer & J.J.Portilla, Rev. Soc. Bol. Bot. 3: 62, 200

Type: ECUADOR: Morona-Santiago: Cutuci, near Sinai, 1999, pirehant by Ecuagenera, 2000,

J.J. Portilla s.n. (Holotype: MO).

; This combination was invalidly published under Art. 34.1 (2000 ICBN ) by being attributed to an

invalidly published genus.

iy cea Luer, gen. n

ree ge es as cai in Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 95: 80, ay

name was invalidly published under Art. 34.2 (2000 ICBN) by imul

Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 95: 265, 2004 with an alternative name, Pi Pleurothal-

lis sony Unguella, \.c.: 80: 2004. I | here validate only the name Unguella Lu Luer. A Sessile leaf and

reminicerent

elongated column-foot; and a semiterete, winged column with ventral anther ; and stigma distinguish this

genus.

Unguella cachensis (Ames) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas.: Pleurothallis cachensis Ames, Sched. Orchid. 4: 17, 1923.

Type: COSTAE: Cote near Cachi, 1919, C.H. Lankester 76 (Holotype: K).

lidly published under Art. 43.1 (2000 ICBN) by being attributed to an

ike published genus.

SYSTEMATICS OF PLEUROTHALLIDINAE 311

veers lepidota (L.O. Williams) Luer, comb. nov.

Bas.: Pleurothallis lepidota L.O.Williams, Ann. Missouri

Type: PANAMA: Chiriqut: Llanos del Volcan, 1939, PH. Allen qethin nay AMES).

bli ler Art. 43.1 (2000 ICBN) by being attributed to an

Wao iil validly t

invalidly abi genus.

Acianthera martinezii Luer, faa gas

yst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 95: 46, see

Art 24 a INN ICaQRK

This species na i

published in peg Svat, Bot. ‘Mintood Bot. Gard. 95: 254, 2004 with an alternative name Pleurothal-

lis martinezii in |.c.: 46, 2004. I here validate only the second martinezii Luer.

Acianthera venulosa Luer, s

and Leechs as cited in Monog. Syst Bot. en Bot. Gard. 95: 70, 2004.

lid] h Art. 34.2 ca phim wea i eke simultaneously

eee in Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 95: 254, 2004 w: ternati Pleurothal-

lis venulosa in |.c.: 70, 2004. I here validate only the second venulosa oy

ee erectiflora Luer, sp. nov.

and — as cited in eyed Sib Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 95: sae eae

ry 249 (A000 Th

published i in Monogr. Syst. Bot. N Missouti Bot. Gard. 95: 256, 2004 with -” alternative name Pleurothal-

[Pe +,

lis erectiflora in l.c.: 236, 2004. I here validate onl

Specklinia feuilletii Luer, sp. nov.

Ts d di i ited i # gr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 95: 237, 2004.

Bis pene name was invalidly published under ys 34.2 (2000 ICBN) by 4 simultaneously

in Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 95: 2004 with an alternative name Pleurothal-

is vartey in l.c.: 237, 2004. I here validate only the poke: ‘feuilletii Luer

Specklinia ximenae Luer, sp. seg?

Tr P- yst Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 95: 238, 2004.

hi ICBN) by being simultaneously

species name was invalidly ne under Art. 34.2 (2000

published in Monogr. S ot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 95: 265, 2004 with an alternative name Pleurothal-

lis ximenae in |.c.: 238, 5004, I here validate only the second ximenae

ERRATA

Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 95, 2004.

Because of erroneous listing, delete:

Apoda-Prorepentia karlii (Pabst) Luer, page 255.

Specklinia erosa (Garay) Luer, page 260.

Specklinia medinae e UJ J. Portilla) gah page 2 262.

Hirtz Luer, 265.

ares ximenae (Luer & z) ae 90 265.

x a e l errors, the following should read:

Acianthera aculeata (Luer & Hi) La Luer, page 253.

Bas.: Pleurothallis jimii Luer, page 254

Bas.: Pleurot othallis maxima Luer, page 256.

Specklinia funerea .Rodr. a Luer, ips 260.

klinia thomasiae (Luer) Luer, , page 2

Sr ee

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . Hoe

t of Botany of the Smithsonian Institu-

ank Dan Nicolson of the Departmen

an be his constructive criticisms and suggestions, and I saxphpsaian inate

of the Missouri Botanical Garden, for her hours of proofreading and co